hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Means Thompson
Robert Means Thompson (2 March 1849 – 5 September 1930) was a United States Navy officer, business magnate, philanthropist and a president of the American Olympic Association. He is the namesake of the destroyer USS Thompson (DD-627).

Navy League of the United States
The Navy League of the United States, commonly referred to as the Navy League, is a national association with nearly 50,000 members who advocate for a strong, credible United States Navy, United States Marine Corps, United States Coast Guard and U.S. Merchant Marine.

It was founded in 1902, at the suggestion of Theodore Roosevelt. The Navy League describes itself as "a civilian organization dedicated to the education of our citizens, including our elected officials, and the support of the men and women of the sea services and their families."
Bebrene Manor
Bebrene Manor (Latvian: Bebrenes muiža, German: Rittergut Bewern, Polish: Dwór w Bebrene) is a manor house in Bebrene, Bebrene Parish, Augšdaugava Municipality, in the Selonia region of Latvia. Commissioned by Count Stanisław Kostka Plater-Zyberk and built in French neo-Renaissance style in the late 19th century by the Polish-Italian architect Leandro Marconi, the Bebrene Palace complex is located in a park, one of the most expressive landscaped parks of the English style in Latvia.

The building currently houses the Bebrene secondary school.

Augšdaugava Municipality
Augšdaugava Municipality (Latvian: Augšdaugavas novads, "upper Daugava municipality") is one of the 35 municipalities established in Latvia in 2021. It surrounds the independent state city of Daugavpils, however, the municipal headquarters are located there, outside of the municipality. Its first elected municipal council has taken office on 1 July 2021.
Ramil Sheydayev
Ramil Teymurovich Sheydayev (Azerbaijani: Ramil Teymur oğlu Şeydayev; Russian: Рамиль Теймурович Шейдаев; born 15 March 1996) is an Azerbaijani professional footballer who plays as forward for Qarabağ FK in the Azerbaijan Premier League and the Azerbaijan national team.

Slovak First Football League
The Slovak First Football League (Slovak: 1. slovenská futbalová liga), officially known as Niké liga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Slovakia and the highest level of the Slovak football league system. It was formed in 1993 following the dissolution of Czechoslovakia. The record for most titles is fifteen, held by Slovan Bratislava, who are the current title holders.
Nettipakaraṇa
The Nettipakaraṇa (Pali, also called Nettippakarana, abbreviated Netti) is a Buddhist scripture, sometimes included in the Khuddaka Nikaya of Theravada Buddhism's Pali Canon. The main theme of this text is Buddhist Hermeneutics through a systematization of the Buddha's teachings. It is regarded as canonical by the Burmese Theravada tradition, but isn't included in other Theravada canons.

Buddhist councils
Since the death of the historical Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama, Buddhist monastic communities, the "sangha", have periodically convened for doctrinal and disciplinary reasons and to revise and correct the contents of the Buddhist canons. Referred to as Buddhist "councils" (Pāli and Sanskrit: saṅgīti, literally meaning "reciting together" or "joint rehearsal"), the famous First Buddhist Council is recorded in Buddhist texts as being held one year after the Buddha's passing, when Ananda recited all of the spoken sutras, which were recorded in Rajagriha. The two next major Councils were held more than 100 years later.

The details of the later councils are debated by modern Buddhist studies. Various sources belonging to different Buddhist schools may contain different accounts of these events. For this reason, modern scholars have questioned the historicity of some of these councils or at least their preserved descriptions in literature.
Radio Filharmonisch Orkest
The Radio Filharmonisch Orkest (Radio Philharmonic Orchestra; Dutch abbreviation RFO) is a Dutch radio orchestra, based in Hilversum. The RFO performs under the aegis of the Muziekcentrum van de Omroep (Broadcasting Music Centre; NMBC), an umbrella organization bringing together the music departments of the various broadcasting associations affiliated to Nederlandse Publieke Omroep (Dutch Public Broadcasting).

The RFO performs on NPO Radio 4 and gives public concerts in Amsterdam and Utrecht. It has also served as the orchestra for productions at De Nederlandse Opera. The RFO's programmes are decided by the above-mentioned Muziekcentrum, rather than directly by the orchestra's management and chief conductor.  The current manager of the RFO is Wouter den Hond.

Nederlandse Publieke Omroep
Nederlandse Publieke Omroep (Dutch: [ˈneːdərlɑntsə pyˈblikə ˈʔɔmrup]; abbreviated NPO, [ˌɛmpeːˈjoː] ⓘ), or Netherlands Public Broadcasting, is the central coordinating body of the Dutch public broadcasting system, responsible for administering public broadcasting services at the national level and ensuring the cohesion of the system as a whole. The NPO is not a broadcaster itself, but facilitates cooperation among the various public broadcasting organisations, represents their collective interests, and manages budgets allocated by the government. In addition, the NPO oversees broadcasting schedules of the public broadcasters' joint national channels. The principal television networks under its remit are NPO 1, NPO 2 and NPO 3, which together provide a broad range of news, cultural, entertainment and educational programming. The NPO also operates several radio stations, digital platforms and on-demand services.
Chateau des Fleurs (Hollywood)
The Chateau des Fleurs is an historic apartment building located at 6626 W. Franklin Ave. in Hollywood, California. It was built in 1927 and designated Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument #799 in 2005.

Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument
Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments are sites which have been designated by the Los Angeles, California, Cultural Heritage Commission as worthy of preservation based on architectural, historic and cultural criteria.
Train track map
In the mathematical subject of geometric group theory, a train track map is a continuous map f from a finite connected graph to itself which is a homotopy equivalence and which has particularly nice cancellation properties with respect to iterations. This map sends vertices to vertices and edges to nontrivial edge-paths with the property that for every edge e of the graph and for every positive integer n the path fn(e) is immersed, that is fn(e) is locally injective on e. Train-track maps are a key tool in  analyzing the dynamics of automorphisms of finitely generated free groups and in the study of the Culler–Vogtmann Outer space.

Perron–Frobenius theorem
In matrix theory, the Perron–Frobenius theorem, proved by Oskar Perron (1907) and Georg Frobenius (1912), asserts that a real square matrix with positive entries has a unique eigenvalue of largest magnitude and that eigenvalue is real.  The corresponding eigenvector can be chosen to have strictly positive components, and also asserts a similar statement for certain classes of nonnegative matrices. This theorem has important applications to probability theory (ergodicity of Markov chains); to the theory of dynamical systems (subshifts of finite type); to economics (Okishio's theorem, Hawkins–Simon condition);
to demography (Leslie population age distribution model); 
to social networks (DeGroot learning process); to  Internet search engines (PageRank); and even to the ranking of American football
teams. The first to discuss the ordering of players within tournaments using Perron–Frobenius eigenvectors is Edmund Landau.
2018 Japan Women's Sevens
The 2018 Japan Women's Sevens was the third tournament within the 2017–18 World Rugby Women's Sevens Series and the second edition of the Japan Women's Sevens to be played in the series. It was held over the weekend of 21–22 April 2018 at Mikuni World Stadium Kitakyushu.

Japan Women's Sevens
The Japan Women's Sevens was an annual women's rugby sevens tournament, it was previously hosted in Kitakyushu as one of the stops on the World Rugby Women's Sevens Series. Japan joined for the fifth edition of the series. The tournament was played at the Mikuni World Stadium.
1992 UCI Road World Cup
The 1992 UCI Road World Cup was the fourth edition of the UCI Road World Cup. From the 1991 edition, the Grand Prix de la Libération was dropped and no longer ran and the Grand Prix des Amériques became the Grand Prix Téléglobe. The final individual time trial event, held in 1991 around Bergamo and counting as both the Grand Prix des Nations and the Trofeo Baracchi, was chosen to be the Grand Prix des Nations proper, although held in Palma de Mallorca rather than in France. The competition was won by German rider Olaf Ludwig of Panasonic–Sportlife.

1991 UCI Road World Cup
The 1991 UCI Road World Cup was the third edition of the UCI Road World Cup. From the 1990 edition, the same events were retained, with the individual time trial finale event this year in Bergamo, Italy, ran as both the Grand Prix des Nations and the Trofeo Baracchi. The competition was won by Italian rider Maurizio Fondriest of Panasonic–Sportlife.
Harold W. Bauer
Harold William "Joe" Bauer (November 20, 1908 – November 14, 1942) was a United States Marine Corps air group commander, fighter pilot and flying ace credited with destroying 11 Japanese aircraft during World War II. He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions as a fighter squadron commander during the crucial struggle for the control of the Solomon Islands at the Battle of Guadalcanal.

USS McFarland
USS McFarland (DD-237/AVD-14) was a Clemson-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for American Civil War sailor and Medal of Honor recipient John McFarland.

McFarland was laid down on 31 July 1918 and launched on 30 March 1920 by the New York Shipbuilding Corporation; sponsored by Miss Louisa Hughes; and commissioned on 30 September 1920.
Capitol Lake
Capitol Lake is a 3 kilometer (1.9 mile) long, 260-acre (1.1 km2) artificial lake at the mouth of Deschutes River in Tumwater/Olympia, Washington. The Olympia Brewery sits on Capitol Lake in Tumwater, just downstream from where the Tumwater Falls meet the artificial lake. The Washington State Department of Enterprise Services (DES) manages the lake, as part of The Washington State Capitol Campus.

Tumwater, Washington
Tumwater is a city in Thurston County, Washington, United States. The population was 25,350 at the 2020 census. The city is situated near where the Deschutes River enters Budd Inlet, the southernmost point of Puget Sound; it also borders the state capital of Olympia to the north. Tumwater is the oldest permanent Anglo-American settlement on Puget Sound. The city is the southern gateway to the wider Seattle/Tacoma urban area, which stretches from Tumwater to Marysville along the Interstate 5 corridor.
Magdalene of Bavaria
Magdalene of Bavaria (German: Magdalena von Bayern) (4 July 1587 – 25 September 1628) was a German princess of the House of Wittelsbach who became Countess Palatine of Neuburg and Duchess of Jülich-Berg by marriage.

She was born in Munich, Bavaria, the tenth and youngest child of William V, Duke of Bavaria and Renata of Lorraine.

Palatinate-Neuburg
Palatinate-Neuburg (German: Herzogtum Pfalz-Neuburg) was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1505 by a branch of the House of Wittelsbach. Its capital was Neuburg an der Donau. Its area was about 2,750 km2, with a population of some 100,000.
VivaCité
VivaCité is a Belgian public service radio station operated by RTBF. The station launched on 29 February 2004 from the merger of regional network Fréquence Wallonie and Brussels station Bruxelles Capitale. VivaCité is the French-language equivalent of VRT Radio 2.

French Community of Belgium
In Belgium, the French Community (French: Communauté française (de Belgique), pronounced [kɔmynote fʁɑ̃sɛːz də bɛlʒik], CFB) refers to one of the three constituent constitutional linguistic communities. Since 2011, the French minority has used the name Wallonia-Brussels Federation (French: Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, pronounced [fedeʁɑsjɔ̃ walɔni bʁysɛl], FWB), which is controversial because its name in the Belgian Constitution has not changed and because it is seen as a political statement. The name "French Community" refers to the French language and not to France. As such, the French minority of Belgium is sometimes rendered in English as "the French-speaking Community of Belgium" for clarity, in analogy to the German-speaking Community of Belgium.

The Community has its own parliament, government, and administration. It and its predecessor entity have used the flag of Wallonia since 1975.
Novelist
A novelist is an author or writer of novels, novelists can also write in other genres of both fiction and non-fiction. Some novelists are professional novelists, thus make a living writing novels and other fiction, while others aspire to support themselves in this way or write as an avocation. Most novelists struggle to have their debut novel published, but once published they often continue to be published, although very few become literary celebrities, thus gaining prestige or a considerable income from their work.

Avocation
An avocation is an activity that someone engages in as a hobby outside their main occupation. There are many examples of people whose professions were the ways that they made their livings, but for whom their activities outside their workplaces were their true passions in life. Occasionally, as with Lord Baden-Powell and others, people who pursue an avocation are more remembered by history for their avocation than for their professional career.

Many times, a person's regular vocation may lead to an avocation. Many forms of humanitarian campaigning, such as work for organizations like Amnesty International and Greenpeace, may be done by people involved in the law or human rights issues as part of their work.

Many people involved with youth work pursue this as an avocation.
Orchard Farm
Orchard Farm is a Cotswold farm and country house in Broadway, Worcestershire, England. It is a Grade II* listed building and is at the centre of a private estate. The house was restored and extended twice during the early 20th century.

Cotswold architecture
The Cotswold style of architecture is a style based on houses from the Cotswolds region of England. Cotswold houses often have a prominent chimney, often near the front door of the house. Other notable features include king mullions and steep roofs. The Cotswold style uses local materials based on geology. This style is renowned for the use of local oolitic limestone.

The Cotswold style emerged during the late 16th century and flourished throughout the 17th century.: 6  During the second and third decades of the twentieth century, the Cotswold style reached its zenith of popularity. The Cotswold 'Arts and Crafts' architecture was a very popular and prominent style between 1890 and 1930. The county of Gloucestershire in the Cotswolds became the focal point of the 'Arts and Crafts' architecture.

Cotswold architecture is a subtype of the Tudor Revival house style, and it likely came to the United States as a result of renewed interest in medieval housing styles.
Clio Cup China Series
Clio Cup China Series is a one-make series held in China that featured Renault Clio since 2009. Originally begun by Renault Sport in Europe, managed and organized by Formula Racing Development (FRD) in China, the Clio Cup China Series is a one-make racing series featuring the Clio supermini car.

Over the years, many experienced drivers from the region joined the race and even Hong Kong superstar Aaron Kwok once joined the series and won the Championship in 2009.

2013, there will be 10 rounds of Clio Cup China Series around China: there will be 4 races as one of the supporting race of 2013 CTCC.

One-design racing
One-design racing is a racing method which may be adopted in sports using complex equipment, whereby all vehicles have identical or very similar designs or models, avoiding the need for a handicap system.
Stand Back
"Stand Back" is a song by American singer-songwriter Stevie Nicks from her second solo studio album The Wild Heart (1983). The song was released as the lead single from the album in May 1983 and reached number five on the Billboard Hot 100 and number two on the Top Mainstream Rock Tracks chart in August of that year. "Stand Back" has been a staple in Nicks' live shows since its pre-album debut at the 1983 US Festival, and it has also been included in the Fleetwood Mac tour set lists since 1987.

In the United Kingdom, the single was Nicks' first 12-inch release, featuring a different glossy picture sleeve and the inclusion of a third track, "Wild Heart". A 12-inch promotional single was also released to United States radio stations in 1983, featuring a full-colour sleeve, but playing the standard album version (in mono and stereo) on both sides.

Oberheim DMX
The DMX is a programmable digital drum machine manufactured by Oberheim. It was introduced in 1980 at a list price of US$2,895 (equivalent to $11,000 in 2024) and remained in the company's product line until the mid-1980s.

The Oberheim DMX was the second digital drum machine ever to be sold as a commercial product, following the Linn LM-1 Drum Computer in 1980. Its popularity among musicians of the era contributed to the sound and evolution of 1980s new wave, synth-pop and hip hop music.
Praia das Conchas, São Tomé and Príncipe
Praia das Conchas is a settlement in the western part of the Lobata District on São Tomé Island in São Tomé and Príncipe. Its population is 174 (2012 census). Established as a plantation (roça), Praia das Conchas lies 2 km from the coast, 3 km west of Guadalupe. There is a smaller seaside settlement also called Praia das Conchas, 3.5 km to the north.

Guadalupe, São Tomé and Príncipe
Guadalupe is a town located in the northern part of São Tomé Island, which is part of the island nation of São Tomé and Príncipe. It is the seat of Lobata District. Its population is 7,604 (2012 census). Guadalupe lies 1.5 km northwest of Agostinho Neto, 10 km east of Neves and 11 km northwest of the capital São Tomé.
1919 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 1919 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships were organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and served as the national championships in outdoor track and field for the United States.

The men's edition was held at Franklin Field in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and it took place 13 September. The first women's championships were not held until 1923.

At the championships, John Murphy broke the meeting record in the high jump as a surprising six athletes jumped over 6 feet (1.8 m).

1923 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 1923 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships were organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and served as the national championships in outdoor track and field for the United States. The year marked the first ever women's U.S. track and field championships.

The men's edition was held at Stagg Field in Chicago, Illinois, and it took place September 1. The women's meet was held separately at Weequahic Park in Newark, New Jersey, on September 29.
Downtown Woodland Historic District
The Downtown Woodland Historic District is a historic district in Woodland, California. The district encompasses roughly 370 acres (1.5 km2) and 59 contributing buildings. It is a California Historical Landmark and is listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places.

Woodland, California
Woodland is a city in and the county seat of Yolo County, California, United States. Located approximately 15 miles (24 km) northwest of Sacramento, it is a part of the Sacramento metropolitan area.

As of the 2020 census, Woodland had a population of 61,032.

Woodland's origins date to 1850 when California gained statehood and Yolo County was established. The area was well irrigated due to the efforts of James Moore, which drew people into farming as the soil was very fertile. The city gained a federal post office in 1861 with the help of Missourian Frank S. Freeman. A year after this, in 1862, the county seat was moved from Washington (present day West Sacramento) to Woodland after Washington was flooded. The addition of a railroad line to Sacramento, and the more recent addition of Interstate 5, helped the city to thrive.
Volcanic passive margin
Volcanic passive margins (VPM) and non-volcanic passive margins are the two forms of transitional crust that lie beneath passive continental margins that occur on Earth as the result of the formation of ocean basins via continental rifting.  Initiation of igneous processes associated with volcanic passive margins occurs before and/or during the rifting process depending on the cause of rifting.  There are two accepted models for VPM formation: hotspots/mantle plumes and slab pull.  Both result in large, quick lava flows over a relatively short period of geologic time (i.e. a couple of million years).  VPM's progress further as cooling and subsidence begins as the margins give way to formation of normal oceanic crust from the widening rifts.

Igneous rock
Igneous rock (igneous from Latin  igneus 'fiery'), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in a terrestrial planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition. Solidification into rock occurs either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks. Igneous rock may form with crystallization to form granular, crystalline rocks, or without crystallization to form natural glasses.

Igneous rocks occur in a wide range of geological settings: shields, platforms, orogens, basins, large igneous provinces, extended crust and oceanic crust.
Nokia Fastlane
Nokia Fastlane is a user interface from Nokia, used on the Nokia Asha platform and Nokia X platform. Fastlane is a timeline of activities and is accessed by swiping left or right from the start screen. The first device to run Fastlane was Nokia Asha 501.

Fastlane has an Facebook's "What's On Your Mind" Feature. It also has an "Upcoming Events" Feature.

Nokia X
The Nokia X is a mid-tier smartphone announced as part of the Nokia X family in February 2014, running on the Nokia X platform. The device shipped on the same day as the unveiling, with Nokia targeting the product for emerging markets, and was sold and maintained by Microsoft Mobile. On 17 July 2014, Microsoft announced that it would discontinue the line.

The X was previously under development known as Normandy, Project N, the Asha on Linux project and MView.
Tumby, Lincolnshire
Tumby is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) north from Coningsby and 6.5 miles (10.5 km) south from Horncastle. In 2011 the parish had a population of 203.

East Lindsey
East Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Horncastle and the largest town is Skegness. Other towns include Alford, Burgh le Marsh, Coningsby, Louth, Mablethorpe, Spilsby, Sutton on Sea, Wainfleet All Saints, Wragby and Woodhall Spa. The district also covers a large rural area, including many smaller settlements.

The district lies on the east coast, bordering the North Sea. The north-west of the district includes part of the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The neighbouring districts are Boston, North Kesteven, West Lindsey and North East Lincolnshire.