hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Catskill Scenic Trail
The Catskill Scenic Trail is a multi-use rail trail along the former Ulster and Delaware Railroad right-of-way in rural Delaware County, New York.  It runs approximately 19 miles (31 km) from Grand Gorge, New York (42°21′29.2″N 74°30′29.3″W﻿ / ﻿42.358111°N 74.508139°W﻿ / 42.358111; -74.508139) to Bloomville, New York  (42°19′55.6″N 74°48′13.0″W﻿ / ﻿42.332111°N 74.803611°W﻿ / 42.332111; -74.803611).  The western portion of the trail runs along the West Branch of the Delaware River. The eastern portion of the trail has recently been extended approximately 7 miles (11 km) to Roxbury, New York, to the south of Grand Gorge.

The trail serves mainly bikers and hikers in the warmer months and snowmobilers and cross country skiers in the winter months.  It is owned by the Delaware and Ulster Railroad tourist railroad and maintained by the non-profit Catskill Revitalization Corporation.

Ulster and Delaware Railroad
The Ulster and Delaware Railroad (U&D) was a railroad located in the state of New York. It was often advertised as "The Only All-Rail Route to the Catskill Mountains." At its greatest extent, the U&D extended 107 miles (172 km) from Kingston Point on the Hudson River through the Catskill Mountains to its western terminus at Oneonta, passing through the counties of Ulster, Delaware, Schoharie and Otsego.
Warren Cup
The Warren Cup is an ancient Greco-Roman silver drinking cup decorated in relief with two images of male same-sex acts. It was purchased by the British Museum for £1.8 million in 1999, the most expensive single purchase by the museum at that time. It is usually dated to the time of the Julio-Claudian dynasty (1st century AD).

The cup is named after its first modern owner, the American Edward Perry Warren, notable for his art collection, which also included the marble version of Rodin's The Kiss, now in Tate Modern, and an Adam and Eve by Lucas Cranach the Elder, now in the Courtauld Institute of Art, both also in London.

The cup originally had two vertical handles, now lost.

Dyfri Williams
Dyfri Williams (born 8 February 1952) is a British classical archaeologist. Williams received his doctorate in 1978 from Oxford University, writing on the work of the Antiphon Painter. He joined the Department of Antiquities at the British Museum in 1979. From 1993 to 2007, he was the museum's Keeper of Greek and Roman Antiquities. Since December 2007 he has been the research Keeper.

Williams' main research areas are the collections of Attic vase painting, and ancient Greek metalwork as well as questions of history. He has been a corresponding member of the German Archaeological Institute and Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London.
1979 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 1979 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 92nd staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

Crumlin entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final, a replay, was played on 7 October 1979 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Crumlin and St Brendan's, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Crumlin won the match by 1–17 to 0–10 to claim their second consecutive championship title.

1978 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 1978 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 91st staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

O'Tooles entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 28 July 1978 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Crumlin and Faughs, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Crumlin won the match by 3–13 to 1–11 to claim their first ever championship title.
Calvin Duncan (legal advocate)
Calvin F. Duncan (born 1962 or 1963) is an American legal advocate and prisoner rights activist. As a teenager, in 1982, he was arrested for murder, then falsely convicted and imprisoned at Louisiana State Penitentiary for most of 28 and a half years. While imprisoned, and with only a ninth-grade education, Duncan taught himself criminal law, and served as a jailhouse lawyer, helping other convicts get their release. Following his release after a plea bargain, Duncan founded and co-founded multiple foundations to protect prisoners' legal rights, was instrumental in successfully bringing a case to the United States Supreme Court, was exonerated of the murder, earned a Juris Doctor degree from Lewis & Clark Law School at the age of 60, and co-wrote his memoir, The Jailhouse Lawyer, which became a best-seller. In 2025, he was elected clerk of the same criminal court that had earlier convicted him for murder.

Constitution of Louisiana
The Louisiana Constitution is legally named the Constitution of the State of Louisiana and commonly called the Louisiana Constitution of 1974, and the Constitution of 1974. The constitution is the cornerstone of the law of Louisiana ensuring the rights of individuals, describing the distribution and power of state officials and local government, establishes the state and city civil service systems, creates and defines the operation of a state lottery, and the manner of revising the constitution.

Louisiana's constitution  was adopted (adopted in Convention) during the Constitutional Convention in 1974, ratified by the voters of the state on April 20, 1974, and became effective on January 1, 1975.
Ballerburg
Ballerburg is a turn-based artillery game released in 1987 for the Atari ST. It was written in C by Eckhard Kruse and distributed free of charge as public domain software. It was also donationware as the author asked for donations of 20 DM, offering as incentive the source code for the game.

Artillery game
Artillery games are two- or three-player (usually turn-based) video games involving cannons trying to destroy each other. The core mechanics of the gameplay is almost always to aim at the opponent(s) following a ballistic trajectory (in its simplest form, a parabolic curve). Artillery games are among the earliest computer games developed; the theme of such games is an extension of the original uses of computer themselves, which were once used to calculate the trajectories of rockets and other related military-based calculations. Artillery games have been described as a type of "shooting game", though they are more often classified as a type of strategy video game.
2008 Croatian Football Cup final
The 2008 Croatian Cup final was a two-legged affair played between Hajduk Split and Dinamo Zagreb. 
The first leg was played in Zagreb on 7 May 2008, while the second leg on 14 May 2008 in Split.

Dinamo Zagreb won the trophy with an aggregate result of 3–0.

2007–08 Croatian Football Cup
The 2007–08 Croatian Football Cup was the seventeenth season of Croatia's football knockout competition. Dinamo Zagreb were the defending champion and they won it for a second year running after beating Hajduk Split 3–0 on aggregate.
Victoria Aleksanyan
Victoria Aleksanyan (born 1987 in Yerevan, Armenia) is an Armenian film director and a co-founder of IFCA Independent Filmmakers Community of Armenia. Aleksanyan has written, directed and produced a number of short films.

Russian-Armenian University
Russian-Armenian University (RAU) (Russian: Российско-армянский университет, РАУ; Armenian: Հայ-Ռուսական համալսարան) is an intergovernmental university being under the joint authority of the Russian Federation and Armenia. The languages of instruction and communication at the university are Russian and Armenian.

There are Russian and Armenian education sectors operating at RAU. Upon graduation, students receive two state Diplomas: Armenian and Russian.
Military bands of the Bundeswehr
There are 15 military bands of the Bundeswehr, including those of the German Army, Air Force, Navy, and joint bands. Before 2009, the military musicians of the Bundeswehr constituted a joint specialist service, the Military Music Service (German: Militärmusikdienst), subordinate to the Armed Forces Office (German: Streitkräfteamt). In 2009, as part of a larger reorganisation of the Bundeswehr, the organization of the Military Music Service was replaced by the new Military Music Center of the Bundeswehr (German: Zentrum Militärmusik der Bundeswehr) in Bonn, and several bands were disbanded. The bands of the Bundeswehr provide music for official ceremonies such as the Großer Zapfenstreich and the swearing-in of new recruits. In addition to their traditional military music repertoire, they perform concert band and light music, as well as genres such as jazz, rock, and pop.

German Navy
The German Navy (German: Deutsche Marine, pronounced [ˈdɔʏtʃə maˈʁiːnə] ⓘ) is part of the unified Bundeswehr (Federal Defense), the German Armed Forces. The German Navy was originally known as the Bundesmarine (Federal Navy) from 1956 to 1995, when Deutsche Marine (German Navy) became the official name with respect to the 1990 incorporation of the East German Volksmarine (People's Navy). It is deeply integrated into the NATO alliance. Its primary mission is protection of Germany's territorial waters and maritime infrastructure as well as sea lines of communication. Apart from this, the German Navy participates in peacekeeping operations, and renders humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. It also participates in anti-piracy operations.
Trench raiding club
Trench raiding clubs, or trench maces were improvised melee weapons used by both the Allies and the Central Powers during World War I. Clubs were used during nighttime trench raiding expeditions as a quiet and effective way of killing or wounding enemy soldiers. The clubs were usually made out of wood. It was common practice to fix a metal object at the striking end (e.g. such as an empty or deactivated Mills bomb) in order to maximize the injury inflicted. Another common design comprised a simple staff with the end drilled out and a lead weight inserted, with rows of large hobnails hammered in around its circumference. Most designs had some form of cord or leather strap at the end to wrap around the user's wrist.

They were generally used along with other melee weapons such as trench knives, entrenching tools, bayonets, hatchets, hammers, and pickaxe handles – backed up with handguns, shotguns, submachine guns, and hand grenades.

Submachine gun
A submachine gun (SMG) or sub-gun is a magazine-fed automatic carbine designed to fire handgun cartridges. The term "submachine gun" was coined by John T. Thompson, the inventor of the Thompson submachine gun, to describe its design concept as an automatic firearm with notably less firepower than a machine gun (hence the prefix "sub-"). As a machine gun must fire rifle cartridges to be classified as such, submachine guns are not considered machine guns.

In the 20th century, the submachine gun was developed during World War I (1914–1918) as a close-quarter offensive weapon, mainly for trench raiding. At its peak during World War II (1939–1945), millions of submachine guns were made for assault troops and auxiliaries whose doctrines emphasized close-quarter suppressive fire. New submachine gun designs appeared frequently during the Cold War, especially among special forces, commandos and mechanized infantrymen. Submachine gun usage for frontline combat decreased in the 1980s and 1990s.
Ytterlännäs old church
Old Church of Ytterlännäs (Ytterlännäs gamla kyrka) is a 13th-century  church building   in Västernorrland County, Sweden. It is located between Nyland and Bollstabruk on the main road no. 333 in Kramfors Municipality. In terms of ecclesiastical divisions, the  Ytterlännäs parish belonged to the Archdiocese of Uppsala in the Middle Ages, but has been part of the Diocese of Härnösand since that was formed in 1647.

Västernorrland County
Västernorrland County (Swedish: Västernorrlands län) is a county (län) in the north of Sweden. It is bordered by the counties of Gävleborg, Jämtland, Västerbotten and the Gulf of Bothnia.

The name Västernorrland means "Western Norrland", as it was in the western part of the original Norrland (northern Sweden and northern Finland).
Hankow Road
Hankow Road (Chinese: 漢口道) is a street in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It runs north-south from Salisbury Road to Haiphong Road and is 370 metres long. It was initially named Garden Road but was renamed in 1909 after the Hubei city of Hankow, to avoid confusion with another road of the same name in Central.

Tsim Sha Tsui
Tsim Sha Tsui (Chinese: 尖沙咀), often abbreviated as TST, is an area in southern Kowloon, Hong Kong. The area is administratively part of the Yau Tsim Mong District. Tsim Sha Tsui East is a piece of land reclaimed from the Hung Hom Bay now east of Tsim Sha Tsui. The area is bounded north by Austin Road and in the east by Hong Chong Road and Cheong Wan Road.

Geographically, Tsim Sha Tsui is a cape on the tip of the Kowloon Peninsula pointing towards Victoria Harbour, opposite Central. Several villages had been established in this location before Kowloon was ceded to the British Empire in 1860. The name Tsim Sha Tsui in Cantonese means sharp sandspit. It was also known as Heung Po Tau (香埗頭), i.e. a port for exporting incense tree.

Tsim Sha Tsui is a major tourist hub in Hong Kong, with many high-end shops, bars, pubs and restaurants that cater to tourists. Many of Hong Kong's museums are located in the area.
1997 ATP German Open
The 1997 German Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 91st edition of the Hamburg Masters (German Open), and was part of the ATP Super 9 of the 1997 ATP Tour. It took place at the Rothenbaum Tennis Center in Hamburg, Germany, from through 5 May through 12 May 1997.

The singles field was headlined by ATP No. 3, Dubai, Miami Masters,  titlist, Australian Open semi-finalist Thomas Muster, 1996 French Open runner-up, 1994 German Open finalist, Prague, Lyon winner Yevgeny Kafelnikov and Tokyo champion, Monte Carlo quarter-finalist and Wimbledon defending champion Richard Krajicek. Other top seeds competing were Australian Open finalist Carlos Moyá, Monte Carlo winner Marcelo Ríos, Wayne Ferreira, Albert Costa and Boris Becker.

1997 Australian Open
The 1997 Australian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at Melbourne Park in Melbourne in Victoria in Australia. It was the 85th edition of the Australian Open and was held from 13 through 26 January 1997.

Prior to the 2021 US Open, this was the last Grand Slam tournament not to feature Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal, Serena Williams, or Venus Williams in the main singles draw.
Bishop Paiute Tribe
The Bishop Paiute Tribe, formerly known as the Paiute-Shoshone Indians of the Bishop Community of the Bishop Colony is a federally recognized tribe of Mono and Timbisha Indians of the Owens Valley, in Inyo County of eastern California. As of 2022, the United States census showed the Bishop Paiute Tribe's population at 1,914.

Awani descendants are also enrolled in the Bishop Paiute Tribe.

Inyo County, California
Inyo County (/ˈɪnjoʊ/ ⓘ) is a county in the eastern central part of the U.S. state of California, located between the Sierra Nevada and the state of Nevada. In the 2020 census, the population was 19,016. The county seat is Independence. Inyo County is on the east side of the Sierra Nevada and southeast of Yosemite National Park in Central California. It contains the Owens River Valley; it is flanked to the west by the Sierra Nevada and to the east by the White Mountains and the Inyo Mountains. Mono County is to the north. With an area of 10,192 square miles (26,400 km2), Inyo is the second-largest county by area in California, after San Bernardino County which is directly south of Inyo County. Almost half of Inyo County's area is within Death Valley National Park. However, with a population density of 1.8 people per square mile, it also has the second-lowest population density in California, after Alpine County.
2024 Maine Senate election
The 2024 Maine Senate election was held on Tuesday, November 5, 2024, with the primary election using instant-runoff voting held on June 11, 2024, to elect the 132nd Maine Senate. Voters in all 35 districts of the Maine Senate elected their senators. The elections coincided with the elections for other offices, including for U.S. President, U.S. Senate, U.S. House and the Maine House of Representatives.

2024 United States Senate election in Maine
The 2024 United States Senate election in Maine was held on November 5, 2024, to elect a member of the U.S. Senate to represent the state of Maine. Incumbent independent Senator Angus King won re-election to a third term, defeating Democratic nominee David Costello, Republican nominee Demitroula Kouzounas, and independent Jason Cherry. Primary elections took place on June 11, 2024.

This election coincided with five referendum questions, including a referendum to change the state flag, as well as the presidential election, U.S. House elections for the state's two congressional districts, and various other state, county and local elections.

King won re-election to a third term in office with 52.06% of the vote.
Fustereau
A fustereau (or fûtreau as in current French) is a small light flat-bottomed boat traditional of the Loire Valley, in France.

This kind of boat can be equipped with a square sail or not (if so, just like weidlings on the Rhine river), depending on the wanted usage. Typically, fustereaus are around 10m-long.

Historically, such riverboats have been used by fishermen, travelers, and local inhabitants for a long time. Nowadays, they are still used for crossing from one bank to the other, or for tourism.

Riverboat
A riverboat is a watercraft designed for inland navigation on lakes, rivers, and artificial waterways. They are generally equipped and outfitted as work boats in one of the carrying trades, for freight or people transport, including luxury units constructed for entertainment enterprises, such as lake or harbour tour boats. As larger water craft, virtually all riverboats are especially designed and constructed, or alternatively, constructed with special-purpose features that optimize them as riverine or lake service craft, for instance, dredgers, survey boats, fisheries management craft, fireboats and law enforcement patrol craft.
Mohammad Reza Khanmohammadi
Mohammad Reza Khanmohammadi Khorrami (Persian: ‌‌محمدرضا خان محمدی خرمی; born 1964) is an Iranian academic and politician.

Khanmohammadi Khorrami was born in Khorramdarreh, Zanjan Province. He is a member of the present Islamic Consultative Assembly from the electorate of Khorramdarreh and Abhar. Khanmohammadi Khorrami won with 52,339 (44.36%) votes.

Khorramdarreh
Khorramdarreh (Persian: خرمدره) is a city in the Central District of Khorramdarreh County, Zanjan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. The city has the highest literacy rate in Zanjan province.

Khorramdarreh is the home of Minoo Industrial Group (Food Holding) which was founded by Ali Khosroshahi, grandfather of Dara Khosroshahi. The people of Khorramdarreh are mainly active in the agriculture sector, and the city has an industrial estate located near the Qazvin–Zanjan highway.
Llanthony Priory
Llanthony Priory (Welsh: Priordy Llanddewi Nant Hodni) is a partly ruined former Augustinian priory in the secluded Vale of Ewyas, a steep-sided once-glaciated valley within the Black Mountains area of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Monmouthshire, south east Wales. It lies seven miles north of Abergavenny on an old road to Hay-on-Wye at Llanthony. The priory ruins lie to the west of the prominent Hatterrall Ridge, a limb of the Black mountains. The main ruins are under the care of Cadw and entrance is free.

The priory is a Grade I listed building as of 1 September 1956. Within the precincts of the Priory are three other buildings with Grade I listed status: the Abbey Hotel, listed on 1 September 1956; St David's Church, listed on the same date, and Court Farm Barn, listed on 9 January in the same year.

Hay-on-Wye
Hay-on-Wye, or simply Hay (Welsh: Y Gelli Gandryll; Welsh pronunciation: [ə ˈɡɛɬi ˈgandrɪɬ] or simply Y Gelli), is a market town and community in Powys, Wales. With over twenty bookshops, it is often described as a "town of books"; it is both the National Book Town of Wales and the site of the annual Hay Festival. The community had a population of 1,675 at the 2021 census.

The town is twinned with Redu, a village in the Belgian municipality of Libin, and with Timbuktu, Mali, West Africa.

Hay-on-Wye is often named as one of the best places to live in Wales and has been named as one of the UK's best Christmas destinations.
2009 BWF World Junior Championships – Boys' singles
The boys' singles of the tournament 2009 BWF World Junior Championships was held on 28 October–1 November 2009. Chinese player, Tian Houwei took out the boys' singles final as he defeated Iskandar Zulkarnain Zainuddin from Malaysia in straight sets.

2009 BWF World Junior Championships
The 2009 BWF World Junior Championship is the eleventh edition of the BWF World Junior Championships, a junior badminton world championship which was held in Alor Setar, Malaysia, from October 23 to November 1, 2009. Six competitions were played during the event with singles in both the boys and girls. Also doubles were played in both sexes as well as the mixed doubles which was played. The final competition was a team event which saw 21 teams compete for the team's title.
Clogestone
Clogestone (INN, BAN), also known as chlormadinol or as 3β,17α-dihydroxy-6-chloropregna-4,6-diene-20-one, is a steroidal progestin that was synthesized in 1964 and was investigated as a progestin-only contraceptive but was never marketed. A diacetate ester, clogestone acetate, also exists and similarly was never marketed.

Progestogen-only pill
Progestogen-only pills (POPs), colloquially known as "mini pills", are a type of oral contraceptive that contain synthetic progestogens (progestins) and do not contain estrogens. They are primarily used for the prevention of undesired pregnancy, although additional medical uses also exist.

Progestogen-only pills differ from combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs), which consist of a combination of progestins and estrogens.
Khalil Jahshan
Khalil Jahshan (Arabic: خليل جهشان) (born in Nazareth, British Mandate of Palestine in 1948) is a Palestinian-American political analyst and media commentator. He serves currently as Executive Director of Arab Center Washington DC, a nonprofit think tank focusing on U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East. Between 2004-2013, Jahshan was a Lecturer in International Studies and Languages at Pepperdine University and Executive Director of its Seaver College Washington DC Internship Program. He received a bachelor's degree in political science and French from Harding University in 1972.

American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee
The American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC) states that it is "the largest Arab American grassroots civil rights organization in the United States." According to its webpage, it is open to people of all backgrounds, faiths and ethnicities and has a national network of chapters and members in all 50 states. It claims that three million Americans trace their roots to an Arab country.

The ADC seeks to "empower Arab Americans, defend the civil rights of all people, promote Arab cultural heritage, promote civic participation, encourage a balanced US policy in the Middle East and support freedom and development in the Arab World." ADC has a number of programs to combat discrimination and bias against Arab-Americans, including stereotypes of Arabs in the United States. The ADC is a member of the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights and holds a seat on the Leadership Conference National Board of Directors.