hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tyla Vaeau
Tyla Vaeau is a master tattooist (Samoan: tufuga, tātatau) of Samoan (Sale’a’aumua, Aleipata and Safune, Savai’i) and Pākehā (New Zealand European) descent. In 2019, she was awarded the Creative New Zealand Emerging Pacific Artist award. She was the first Samoan female tattooist to be gifted the customary Samoan tattooing tool, the 'au, from the Sa Su'a family – one of the leading families of tattooists in Samoa.

Sua Sulu'ape Paulo II
Su'a Sulu'ape Paulo II (1949 or 1950 – 25 November 1999) was a tufuga ta tatau (master tattooist) born in Matafa'a near Lefaga, Samoa but based in New Zealand since the 1970s. He was born into one of the leading families of tattooists tufuga ta tatau in Samoa. The tattooists in these families, are loosely organized in a guild like system of master and apprentices. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries tufuga ta tatau were known internationally for their culturally distinctive and highly skilled work. The word tattoo is believed to have originated from the word tatau. In Samoan mythology the origin of the tatau is told in a legend about two sisters, Tilafaiga and Taema who brought the tools and knowledge of tattooing to Samoa. The Samoan male tattoo (tatau) is the pe'a. The female tatau is the malu.

Paulo was axed to death by his wife, Epifania Sulu'ape, after she learned that he planned to leave her for his Swedish lover, Heidi Hay.
Kingsgrove
Kingsgrove is a suburb  in Southern Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Kingsgrove is 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) south-west of the Sydney central business district and lies across the local government areas of the City of Canterbury-Bankstown, Bayside Council and the Georges River Council.

City of Canterbury Bankstown
The City of Canterbury Bankstown, legally named Canterbury-Bankstown, is a local government area (LGA) in metropolitan Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is governed by Canterbury-Bankstown Council, branded as CBCity. The LGA was formed on 12 May 2016 from a merger of the City of Canterbury and the City of Bankstown, after a statewide review of local government by the NSW Government.

The City of Canterbury Bankstown comprises an area of 110.8 square kilometres (42.8 sq mi) and as per the 2021 census, had a population of 371,006 making it the second most populous local government area in New South Wales.

The current mayor is Bilal El-Hayek, a member of the Labor Party, who was elected on 11 May 2023.
Yugoslav Railways
Yugoslav Railways (Croatian: Jugoslavenske željeznice; Serbian: Југословенске железнице / Jugoslovenske železnice; Macedonian: Југословенски железници, romanized: Jugoslovenski železnici; Slovene: Jugoslovanske železnice), with standard acronym JŽ (ЈЖ in Cyrillic), was the state railway company of Yugoslavia, operational from the 1920s to the 1990s, with its final incarnation transferring to Serbia. The successor of JŽ is the joint stock company of the Serbian Railways in 2006.

Railways of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Railways of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: Željeznice Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine, Жељезнице Федерације Босне и Херцеговине; abbr. ŽFBH or ЖФБХ) is the railway company of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is one of the two rail companies of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the other is the ŽRS, operating in the Republika Srpska). The company operates 608 km of railroad.
Tough as Nails season 3
The third season of the American television series Tough as Nails premiered on CBS on October 6, 2021, and concluded on December 8, 2021. The season was won by jill-of-all-trades Lia Mort, with diesel mechanic Dequincey "Quincey" Walker finishing second, and heavy equipment operator Jerome Kupuka'a placing third.

Tough as Nails
Tough as Nails is an American reality competition television series that aired on CBS from July 8, 2020, to July 30, 2023. The show is hosted by Phil Keoghan and features contestants competing in challenges at job sites that test their toughness, with one participant eliminated in each episode.
Mkomazi National Park
Mkomazi National Park is a national park in Tanzania, located in Same District of Kilimanjaro Region and Lushoto District, with a slither of the park in Mkinga District both  of Tanga Region. It was established as a game reserve in 1951 and upgraded to a national park in 2006.

Mkomazi National Park covers over 3,234 km2 (1,249 sq mi) and is dominated by Acacia-Commiphora vegetation; it is contiguous with Kenya's Tsavo West National Park. The area commonly called 'Mkomazi' is actually the union of two previous game reserves, the Umba Game Reserve in the east (in Lushoto District, Tanga Region) and the Mkomazi Game Reserve in the west (in Same District, Kilimanjaro Region); in government documents they are sometimes called the Mkomazi-Umba Game Reserves. Of the two, Mkomazi is larger, and has more diversity of relief and habitat, and a longer shared border with Tsavo West National Park. In the rest of this entry, 'Mkomazi' will refer to both the Mkomazi and Umba reserves together.

Tsavo West National Park
Tsavo West National Park is located in Taita-Taveta County of Kenya. The park covers an area of 9,065 km2 (3,500 sq mi). The A109 road Nairobi-Mombasa and a railway divides it from the adjoining Tsavo East National Park. Together with adjoining ranches and protected areas, they comprise the Tsavo Conservation Area. Tsavo West is a more popular destination due to its magnificent scenery and the Mzima Springs, the rich and varied wildlife, a good road system, a rhino reserve, rock climbing potential and guided walks along the Tsavo River. The park is operated by Kenya Wildlife Service.
Salvador Hidalgo Oliva
Salvador Hidalgo Oliva (born 27 December 1985) is a Cuban professional volleyball player, a member of Israeli Volleyball League club Maccabi Tel Aviv and plays as outside hitter.

He has won the Asian Championship in 2012 and the European trophy CEV Challenge Cup in 2023 and has been crowned Lebanon Champion, Chinese Champion, Qatar Champion, Turkish Champion and Greek Champion.

Al Rayyan SC Volleyball Team
Al Rayyan Volleyball (Arabic: الريان للكرة الطائرة) is a professional volleyball team based in Al-Rayyan, Qatar. It competes in the Qatari Volleyball League. They participated in the 2012 edition of the FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship held in Qatar after winning the Heir Apparent Cup. The club hired four top athletes to strengthen the team before the 2012 Club World Championships. These include Rodrigão from Brazil, the Bulgarian brothers Georgi and Valentin Bratoev, and the American David Lee, a Gold medalist in Beijing 2008. They did not advance past the group stage.
The best achievement for the Al Rayyan volleyball team was in 2014 when they came in the second place in the World Club championship. The squad included Michael Sánchez, Raphael Vieira de Oliveira, Matey Kaziyski and Robertlandy Simón as foreign players in the team.
Al Rayan won the GCC Champions Cup in 2011 and 2015 as well as the Arab championship and Asian cup.
Cello Sonata No. 4 (Ries)
Ferdinand Ries's Cello Sonata in G minor, Op. 125 was composed in London in 1823, but was not published until 1825 by T. Boosey & Co. It is one of the final instrumental sonatas published by the composer before his death in 1838.

G minor
G minor is a minor scale based on G, consisting of the pitches G, A, B♭, C, D, E♭, and F. Its key signature has two flats. Its relative major is B-flat major and its parallel major is G major.

The G natural minor scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The G harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:
Richard Hamblin
Air Commodore Richard Kaye Hamblin CBE (16 December 1906 – 30 August 1988) was a Royal Air Force pilot and as one of The Few was part of No. 17 Squadron RAF flying the Hawker Hurricane during the Battle of Britain.

The Few
The Few were the airmen of the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the aviators of the Fleet Air Arm, Royal Navy (RN) who fought the Battle of Britain in the Second World War. The term comes from Winston Churchill's phrase "Never, in the field of human conflict, was so much owed by so many to so few." It also alludes to Shakespeare's famous speech in his play, Henry V: "We few, we happy few, we band of brothers..."
Tourism in Lisbon
Lisbon is one of the most popular city destinations in Europe. The city of Lisbon and the Lisbon metropolitan area attracts a significant number of tourists each year, drawn to its historical and cultural heritage, efficient transportation connections, and well-developed tourist infrastructure.

Belém Cultural Center
The Belém Cultural Center (Portuguese: Centro Cultural de Belém) is a complex of artistic venues located in Belém in the city of Lisbon, Portugal. It is the largest building with cultural facilities in Portugal, with over 140,000 m2 (1,500,000 sq ft) of usable space. The centre was initially built to accommodate the programme of Portugal's Presidency of the European Council in 1992, but with the long-term goal of providing permanent venues for conferences, exhibitions and performance arts (such as opera, ballet and concerts), in addition to meeting halls, shops and cafés.
Sarah Bacon
Sarah Bacon (born September 20, 1996) is an American diver. She earned her first Olympic medal in the 2024 Summer Olympics, winning silver in the women's synchronized 3 metre springboard with Kassidy Cook.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.
Direct marketing
Direct marketing is a form of communicating an offer, where organizations communicate directly to a pre-selected customer and supply a method for a direct response. Among practitioners, it is also known as direct response marketing. In contrast to direct marketing, advertising is more of a mass-message nature.
Response channels include toll-free telephone numbers, reply cards, reply forms to be sent in an envelope, websites and email addresses.

The prevalence of direct marketing and the unwelcome nature of some communications has led to regulations and laws such as the CAN-SPAM Act, requiring that consumers in the United States be allowed to opt-out.

Opt-out
The term opt-out refers to several methods by which individuals can avoid receiving unsolicited product or service information. This option is usually associated with direct marketing campaigns such as e-mail marketing or direct mail. A list of those who have opted out is called a Robinson list.
Starlites BC
Starlites Basketball Club, sometimes known as Starlites Naxxar, is a Maltese professional basketball club based in Naxxar. They made debut in European competition in the 2024–25 season of the FIBA Europe Cup, the fourth level continental league. They Starlites plays its home games at the Ta Qali Sports Pavilion.

The club was founded by Ms. Marie Therese Zammit under the name Silema Wives as a women's social club, but later expanded to sports and started to include men as well. Starlites men's basketball team started playing in 2011.

Naxxar
Naxxar (Maltese: In-Naxxar) is a town and local council in the Northern Region of Malta. The population in March 2014 was 14,891. The Naxxar Church is dedicated to Our Lady of Victories. The annual village feast is celebrated on 8 September. It formerly hosted the Maltese International Trade Fair at Maltese International Trade Fair Grounds.

Naxxar is spread over 11 square kilometres (4 sq mi).
Daphne Ceeney
Daphne Jean Hilton (née Ceeney; 7 January 1934 – 25 July 2016) was an Australian Paralympic competitor.  She was the first Australian woman to compete at the Paralympic Games.  She won fourteen medals in three Paralympics in archery, athletics, fencing, swimming, and table tennis from 1960 to 1968.

1960 Summer Paralympics
The 9th Annual International Stoke Mandeville Games, retroactively designated as the 1960 Summer Paralympics, were the first international Paralympic Games, following on from the Stoke Mandeville Games of 1948 and 1952. They were organised under the aegis of the International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation. The term "Paralympic Games" was approved by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) first in 1984, while the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) was formed in 1989.

The Games were held in Rome, Italy from September 18 to 25, 1960, with the 1960 Summer Olympics. The only disability included in these Paralympics was spinal cord injury. There were 400 athletes from 23 countries.
1994 Asian Junior and Cadet Table Tennis Championships
The 5th Asian Junior Table Tennis Championships 1994 were held in Jōetsu, Niigata, Japan, from  29 April to 3 May 1994. It was organised by the Japan Table Tennis Association under the authority of the Asian Table Tennis Union (ATTU) and International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF).

Jōetsu, Niigata
Jōetsu (上越市, Jōetsu-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 December 2020, the city had an estimated population of 189,430, in 76,461 households with a population density of 190 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 973.81 square kilometres (375.99 sq mi). Jōetsu borders the Sea of Japan and is renowned for its abundance of snow, the annual cherry-blossom festival, sake and Koshihikari rice.
Alpesh Chauhan
Alpesh Chauhan OBE (born 26 April 1990) is a British conductor and music director of Birmingham Opera Company. He is also principal guest conductor of the Düsseldorf Symphony Orchestra.

Chauhan was born in Birmingham and studied cello, before then pursuing his conducting studies at the Royal Northern College of Music. He was assistant conductor at the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra from 2013 to 2016 where he was assistant to and mentored by music director Andris Nelsons and principal guest conductor Edward Gardner.

Edward Gardner (conductor)
Edward Gardner OBE (born 22 November 1974) is an English conductor. While still studying at the Royal Academy of Music in the late 1990s, he began his professional career as a choral conductor and repetiteur. Among other early posts, he was music director of Glyndebourne on Tour from 2004 to 2007. Gardner was music director of English National Opera from 2007 to 2015. From 2010 to 2016, he was principal guest conductor of the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra, and since 2013, he has been principal guest conductor of the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra. Since 2021, he has been principal conductor of the London Philharmonic Orchestra. In 2022, he also became artistic advisor of the Norwegian National Opera and Ballet, where he is scheduled to become the music director in 2024.
Spectral Database for Organic Compounds
The Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (SDBS) is a free online searchable database hosted by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in Japan, that contains spectral data for ca 34,000 organic molecules. The database is available in English and in Japanese and it includes six types of spectra: laser Raman spectra, electron ionization mass spectra (EI-MS), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance  (1H-NMR) spectra, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) spectra and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra. The construction of the database started in 1982. Most of the spectra were acquired and recorded in AIST and some of the collections are still being updated. Since 1997, the database can be accessed free of charge, but its use requires agreeing to a disclaimer; the total accumulated number of times accessed reached 550 million by the end of January, 2015.

Electron ionization
Electron ionization (EI, formerly known as electron impact ionization and electron bombardment ionization) is an ionization method in which energetic electrons interact with solid or gas phase atoms or molecules to produce ions. EI was one of the first ionization techniques developed for mass spectrometry. However, this method is still a popular ionization technique. This technique is considered a hard (high fragmentation) ionization method, since it uses highly energetic electrons to produce ions. This leads to extensive fragmentation, which can be helpful for structure determination of unknown compounds. EI is the most useful for organic compounds which have a molecular weight below 600  amu. Also, several other thermally stable and volatile compounds in solid, liquid and gas states can be detected with the use of this technique when coupled with various separation methods.
Kurunta (king)
Kurunta (Hittite: 𒀭𒆗) was a Hittite prince, a younger son of the early 13th century BC Hittite great king Muwatalli II, brother of Muršili III, nephew of Ḫattušili III, and cousin of Tudḫaliya IV. Kurunta was made king of the Land of Tarḫuntašša by his uncle Ḫattušili III. It has been suggested that he may have captured the Hittite capital for a very short time during the reign of the Hittite king Tudḫaliya IV and declared himself a great king.

Muršili III
Muršili III, also known as Urhi-Teshub, was a king of the Hittites who assumed the throne of the Hittite empire (New Kingdom) at Tarhuntassa upon his father's death. He was a cousin of Tudhaliya IV and Queen Maathorneferure. He ruled ca. 1282–1275 BC (middle chronology) or 1272–1265 BC (short chronology).
Arnold diffusion
In applied mathematics, Arnold diffusion is the phenomenon of instability of nearly-integrable Hamiltonian systems.  The phenomenon is named after Vladimir Arnold who was the first to publish a result in the field in 1964. More precisely, Arnold diffusion refers to results asserting the existence of solutions to nearly-integrable Hamiltonian systems that exhibit a significant change in the action variables.

Arnold diffusion describes the diffusion of trajectories due to the ergodic theorem in a portion of phase space unbound by any constraints (i.e. unbounded by Lagrangian tori arising from constants of motion) in Hamiltonian systems. It occurs in systems with more than N=2 degrees of freedom, since the N-dimensional invariant tori do not separate the 2N-1 dimensional phase space any more. Thus, an arbitrarily small perturbation may cause a number of trajectories to wander pseudo-randomly through the whole portion of phase space left by the destroyed tori.

Constant of motion
In mechanics, a constant of motion is a physical quantity conserved throughout the motion, imposing in effect a constraint on the motion.  However, it is a mathematical constraint, the natural consequence of the equations of motion, rather than a physical constraint (which would require extra constraint forces).  Common examples include energy, linear momentum, angular momentum and the Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector (for inverse-square force laws).
2023 Copa do Nordeste
The 2023 Copa do Nordeste was the 20th edition of the main football tournament featuring teams from the Brazilian Northeast Region. The competition features 16 clubs, with Bahia, Ceará and Pernambuco having two seeds each, and Alagoas, Maranhão, Paraíba, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte and Sergipe with one seed each. Four teams were decided by a qualifying tournament (Eliminatórias Copa do Nordeste 2023). The Copa do Nordeste began on 21 January and ended on 3 May 2023.

Fortaleza are the defending champions.

Copa do Nordeste
Copa do Nordeste (English: Cup of the North-East), also known as Campeonato do Nordeste (English: Championship of the North-East) or Copa Nordeste (English: Northeastern Cup) is a Brazilian football competition among Northeastern region teams. It is sometimes informally referred to as Lampions League – in reference to the UEFA Champions League and bandit folk hero Lampião.
Quinuajirca
Quinuajirca or Kinwa Hirka (Quechua kinwa Chenopodium quinoa, Ancash Quechua hirka mountain, "quinoa mountain", also spelled Quinuajirca) is a mountain in the eastern extensions of the Cordillera Blanca in the Andes of Peru which reaches a height of approximately 4,400 m (14,400 ft). It is located in the Ancash Region, Huari Province, Huari District. Quinuajirca lies at the Rurichinchay valley, northeast of the peak of Chinchey.

Cordillera Blanca
The Cordillera Blanca (Spanish for "white range") is a mountain range in Peru that is part of the larger Andes range and extends for 200 kilometres (124 mi) between 8°08' and 9°58'S and 77°00' and 77°52'W, in a northwesterly direction. It includes several peaks over 6,000 metres (19,690 ft) high and 722 individual glaciers. The highest mountain in Peru, Huascarán, at 6,768 metres (22,205 ft) high, is located there.

The Cordillera Blanca lies in the Ancash region and runs parallel to the Santa River valley (also called Callejón de Huaylas in its upper and midsections) on the west. Huascarán National Park, established in 1975, encompasses almost the entire range of the Cordillera Blanca.

Snowmelt from the Cordillera Blanca provides part of northern Peru with its year-round water supply, while 5% of Peru's power comes from a hydro-electrical plant located in the Santa River valley. The area of permanent ice cover shrank by about a third between the 1970s and 2006.
Glenbrook Deviation (1892)
The Glenbrook deviation was a section of track on the Main Western line from the first Knapsack Viaduct to old Glenbrook station in the Blue Mountains of New South Wales, Australia. The approximately five-mile-long (eight-kilometre) deviation was constructed from 1891 to 1892 and replaced the Lapstone Zig Zag. The deviation was closed in 1913 when it was replaced by the second Glenbrook deviation and the second Glenbrook Tunnel, that continues to carry the Main Western line today.

Main Western railway line
The Main Western railway line (or Great Western Railway) is a major railway in New South Wales, Australia. It runs through the Blue Mountains, and Central West regions. It is 825 kilometres (513 mi) long, of which 484 kilometres (301 mi) is currently operational.
Gopal Prasad Parajuli
Gopal Parajuli (born 28 April 1953) was the former and 27th chief Justice of Nepal. He was born in Tanahun, Nepal. Inconsistencies in his birth date due to multiple records showing multiple dates led to his removal on 14 March 2018 by the Judicial Council citing he should have retired on 5 August 2017. Even after his dismissal, he resigned from his post to the President on 15 March 2018.

Chief Justice of Nepal
The chief justice of Nepal (Nepali: प्रधान न्यायाधीश) is the head of the judicial branch of Nepal and the chief judge of the Supreme Court of Nepal. The chief justice is the highest judicial officer in the country, and acts as a chief administrative officer for all the judicial system. It is the fourth highest rank on the Order of precedence in Nepal.

The current chief justice is Prakash Man Singh Raut.
Fortis College
Fortis College (also Fortis Institute and Fortis College of Nursing in some locations) is a private for-profit college with campuses throughout the United States and online education. It was established in 2008 and is operated by Education Affiliates and owned by JLL Partners.

Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools
The Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools (ACICS) was a non-profit education corporation that was recognized by the United States Department of Education as an independent and autonomous higher education accrediting body until 2022. ACICS was also recognized by the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) until 2017. ACICS shut down in March 2024.