hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kentucky Vietnam Veterans Memorial
The Kentucky Vietnam Veterans Memorial is a memorial sculpture located in Frankfort, Kentucky, overlooking the state capital, and containing the names of 1,108 Kentuckians killed in the Vietnam War. The memorial is in the form of a sundial with the names placed so that the tip of the gnomon's shadow touches each man's name on the date of his death, thus giving each one his own personal memorial day.

Gnomon
A gnomon (/ˈnoʊˌmɒn, -mən/; from Ancient Greek  γνώμων (gnṓmōn) 'one that knows or examines') is the part of a sundial that casts a shadow. The term is used for a variety of purposes in mathematics and other fields, typically to measure directions, position, or time.
Mike Freelander
Michael Randolph Freelander (born 23 April 1953) is an Australian politician and paediatrician. Freelander has been a paediatrician since 1978, and a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP). Freelander has represented the Division of Macarthur, winning and holding the seat since the 2016 federal election the elections since.

Campbelltown and Camden Hospitals
Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals are New South Wales public hospitals servicing the Macarthur region in South West Sydney. Camden and Campbelltown hospitals operate under a single, common executive management structure, with services delivered across both hospitals.
2015 Garden Open
The 2015 Garden Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Rome, Italy between 4 and 9 May 2015.

Garden Open
The Roma Garden Open (formerly known as Roma Open and Rai Open) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Tennis Club Garden in Rome, Italy, since 1996 (as a Satellite from 1996 to 1999, and in 2001, as a Futures in 2000, as a Challenger since 2002).
Narumi Stadium
Narumi Stadium (Japanese: 鳴海球場) was a baseball stadium in Nagoya, Japan. Narumi Stadium was one of the three stadiums which hosted the first professional season of Japanese baseball in 1936.

The stadium primarily hosted the Nagoya Kinsho Army team, but the Chunichi Dragons also occasionally used the stadium between 1948 and 1954, especially in 1953, where the team was displaced after a fire at their other stadium. Before 1952, Japanese league teams typically did not have a designated stadium, instead playing in the general area in which they were based.

Chunichi Dragons
The Chunichi Dragons (中日ドラゴンズ, Chūnichi Doragonzu) are a professional baseball team based in Nagoya, the chief city in the Chūbu region of Japan. The team plays in the Central League of Nippon Professional Baseball. They have won the Central League pennant nine times (most recently in 2011) and the Japan Series twice (in 1954 and 2007). They were also champions in the 2007 Asia Series.
Quasitoric manifold
In mathematics, a quasitoric manifold is a topological analogue of the nonsingular projective toric variety of algebraic geometry. A smooth -dimensional manifold is a quasitoric manifold if it admits a smooth, locally standard action of an -dimensional torus, with orbit space an -dimensional simple convex polytope.

Quasitoric manifolds were introduced in 1991 by M. Davis and T. Januszkiewicz, who called them "toric manifolds". However, the term "quasitoric manifold" was eventually adopted to avoid confusion with the class of compact smooth toric varieties, which are known to algebraic geometers as toric manifolds.

Quasitoric manifolds are studied in a variety of contexts in algebraic topology, such as complex cobordism theory, and the other oriented cohomology theories.

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
Towers Financial Corporation
Towers Financial Corporation was a debt collection agency based in Manhattan in New York City. Between 1988 and 1993, Towers Financial ran a Ponzi scheme that was the largest financial fraud in American history prior to Bernie Madoff's being uncovered.

Intelligence agency
An intelligence agency is a government agency operating as a secret service responsible for the collection, analysis, and exploitation of information in support of law enforcement, national security, military, public safety, and foreign policy objectives.

Means of information gathering are both overt and covert and may include espionage, communication interception, cryptanalysis, cooperation with other institutions, and evaluation of public sources. The assembly and propagation of this information is known as intelligence analysis or intelligence assessment.
Miss Dominican Republic 1975
Concurso Nacional de Belleza 1975 was held on April 26, 1975. There were 28 candidates who competed for the national crown. The winner represented the Dominican Republic at the Miss Universe 1975. Second place was crowned as the Virreina al Miss Mundo, representing the Dominican Republic at Miss World 1975.

Miss Universe 1975
Miss Universe 1975 was the 24th Miss Universe pageant, held at the National Gymnasium in San Salvador, El Salvador, on 19 July 1975.

At the conclusion of the event, Miss Universe 1972, Kerry Anne Wells of Australia crowned Anne Pohtamo of Finland as Miss Universe 1975. The previous winner, Amparo Muñoz of Spain, did not attend the pageant after she resigned the previous year.

Contestants from seventy-one countries and territories participated in this year's pageant. The pageant was hosted by Bob Barker in his ninth consecutive year, while Helen O'Connell provided commentary and analysis throughout the event.
Perisesarma
Perisesarma is a genus of mangrove crabs in the family Sesarmidae (or Grapsidae in some classifications) predominantly found in the Indo-Pacific. Some 23 species are described as of late 2006, with two from West Africa: P. kammermani (De Man, 1883) and P. alberti Rathbun, 1921. They are typically small, semiterrestrial crabs found on the forest floor at low tide. They eat nearly anything they can, and try to eat anything that does not threaten them — including pencils and other objects dropped on the forest floor. The last species of the genus described is P. samawati Gillikin and Schubart (2004). It can be found in East Africa along with P. guttatum, but its sister species is P. eumolpe from Malaysian mangroves.

Sesarmidae
The Sesarmidae are a family of crabs, previously included in the Grapsidae by many authors. Several species, namely in Geosesarma, Metopaulias, and Sesarma, are true terrestrial crabs. They do not need to return to the sea even for breeding.
Tamalia coweni
Tamalia coweni, also known as the manzanita leaf gall aphid and the fold-gall aphid, is a species of aphid in the family Aphididae. Tamalia coweni induces galls on most species of glabrous manzanita tree. This aphid actually induces two types of galls: a midrib or margin leaf gall, and a less common inflorescence gall.

Tamalia coweni is common on the Pacific coast of North America and east to Nevada and Colorado. Tamalia inquilina, an inquiline of this species, is found in the Californias. Recently described species Tamalia glaucensis induces leaf galls on big-berry manzanita specifically.

Aphididae
The Aphididae are a very large insect family in the aphid superfamily (Aphidoidea), of the order Hemiptera. These insects suck the sap from plant leaves. Several thousand species are placed in this family, many of which are considered plant/crop pests. They are the family of insects containing most plant virus vectors (around 200 known) with the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) being one of the most prevalent and indiscriminate carriers.
Farlowella yarigui
Farlowella yarigui is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Loricariidae, the mailed catfishes, and the subfamily Loricariinae, the armored suckermouth catfishes. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Topón River, which is part of the middle Magdalena River basin in Colombia. It is only found in the vicinity of partially submerged vegetation and pieces of wood, with the species being absent in other microhabitats within the main channel of the Topón. It is known to occur alongside the species Astyanax caucanus, Astyanax filiferus, Ctenobrycon magdalenae, Lasiancistrus caucanus, and Roeboides dayi, as well as members of the genera Chaetostoma, Creagrutus, Hemibrycon, and Sturisoma. The species reaches 11.2 cm (4.4 in) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Rublon
Rublon is a multi-factor authentication platform that offers an extra layer of security for users logging into networks, servers, endpoints, and desktop, cloud, web and mobile applications. Rublon MFA secures remote access and local logins using hardware and software authenticators, including the Rublon Authenticator mobile app, which holds the digital identity of the account owner. Numerous Rublon MFA connectors allow strong authentication to be implemented for all or selected users. Individually configurable security policies allow customizing Rublon MFA to suit the organization’s needs. Rublon's multi-factor authentication platform helps protect enterprise data and achieve regulatory compliance.

Multi-factor authentication
Multi-factor authentication (MFA), also known as two-factor authentication (2FA), is an electronic authentication method in which a user is granted access to a website or application only after successfully presenting two or more distinct types of evidence (or factors) to an authentication mechanism. MFA protects personal data—which may include personal identification or financial assets—from being accessed by an unauthorized third party that may have been able to discover, for example, a single password.

Usage of MFA has increased in recent years. Security issues which can cause the bypass of MFA are fatigue attacks, phishing and SIM swapping.

Accounts with MFA enabled are significantly less likely to be compromised.
A Thousand Days
A Thousand Days: John F. Kennedy in the White House is a nonfiction book by American historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., about the United States presidency of John F. Kennedy (1961–1963). As a special assistant to the president, he was able to observe the people and events that shaped the Kennedy administration. The book describes the policies, politics and personalities during Kennedy's time in office. Kennedy's cabinet is a focused aspect.

It was first published by Houghton Mifflin in 1965 and won both the National Book Award in History and Biography and the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography in 1966.

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Company (HMH)
(/ˈhoʊtən/,
HOH-tən)
is an American publisher of textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, and reference works. The company is based in the Boston Financial District. It was formerly known as the Houghton Mifflin Company, but it changed its name following the 2007 acquisition of Harcourt Publishing. Before March 2010, it was a subsidiary of Education Media and Publishing Group Limited, an Irish-owned holding company registered in the Cayman Islands and formerly known as Riverdeep. In 2022, it was acquired by Veritas Capital, a New York–based private-equity firm.
Arbroath (Parliament of Scotland constituency)
Arbroath in Forfarshire was a burgh constituency that elected one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.

After the Acts of Union 1707, Arbroath, Aberdeen, Brechin, Inverbervie and Montrose formed the Aberdeen district of burghs, returning one member between them to the House of Commons of Great Britain.

Arbroath
Arbroath (/ɑːrˈbroʊθ/) or Aberbrothock (Scottish Gaelic: Obar Bhrothaig [ˈopəɾ ˈvɾo.ɪkʲ]) is a former royal burgh and the largest town in the council area of Angus, Scotland, with a population of 23,902. It lies on the North Sea coast, some 16 miles (26 km) east-northeast of Dundee and 45 miles (72 km) south-southwest of Aberdeen.

There is evidence of Iron Age settlement, but its history as a town began with the founding of Arbroath Abbey in 1178. It grew much during the Industrial Revolution through the flax and then the jute industry and the engineering sector. A new harbour was created in 1839; by the 20th century, Arbroath was one of Scotland's larger fishing ports.

The town is notable for the Declaration of Arbroath and the Arbroath smokie. Arbroath Football Club holds the world record for the number of goals scored in a professional football match: 36–0 against Bon Accord of Aberdeen in the Scottish Cup in 1885.
Rob Wainwright (basketball)
Robert Adolfo Wainwright (born December 27, 1973) is a Filipino-American former professional basketball player who currently serves as the assistant coach of the Nueva Ecija Rice Vanguards of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL).

ASEAN Basketball League
The ASEAN Basketball League (ABL) was an international professional men's basketball league in Southeast Asia, composed of eight teams from Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam), in addition to Hong Kong and Macau. Earlier teams have included Taiwan and Brunei. The league was proposed in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and launched its inaugural season on 1 October 2009.
Topsy Turvy (Guitar Shorty album)
Topsy Turvy is the second studio album released by blues guitarist Guitar Shorty. The album was released in 1993 on CD by the label Black Top. The tracks "I'm So Glad I Met You", "Mean Husband Blues", "The Bottom Line" and "Hard Life" would later appear on Shorty's compilation album, The Best of Guitar Shorty, in 2006.

Recorded in the U.S., unlike his previous album, My Way or the Highway, the album shows that "it [is] clear that Guitar Shorty was back to stay stateside." AllMusic praises the album, calling it "more impressive than My Way or the Highway... thanks to superior production values and a better handle on his past."

The Best of Guitar Shorty
The Best of Guitar Shorty is the first true compilation album released by blues guitarist Guitar Shorty; 1996's Billie Jean Blues was more of a live album. The album was released on June 20, 2006 on CD by the label Shout! Factory. The album comprises tracks from My Way or the Highway (1991), Topsy Turvy (1993), Get Wise to Yourself (1995), and Roll Over, Baby (1998).
Outline of the C programming language
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to C:

C is a general-purpose programming language, procedural programming language, compiled language, and statically typed programming language. It was created by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 at Bell Labs as a successor to the B programming language.

Microsoft Visual C++
Microsoft Visual C++ (MSVC) is a compiler for the C, C++, C++/CLI and C++/CX programming languages by Microsoft. MSVC is proprietary software; it was originally a standalone product but later became a part of Visual Studio and made available in both trialware and freeware forms. It features tools for developing and debugging C++ code, especially code written for the Windows API, DirectX and .NET.

Many applications require redistributable Visual C++ runtime library packages to function correctly. These packages are frequently installed separately from the applications they support, enabling multiple applications to use the package with only a single installation. These Visual C++ redistributable and runtime packages are mostly installed for standard libraries that many applications use.
Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC; French: Société canadienne d'hypothèques et de logement, SCHL) is Canada's federal crown corporation responsible for administering the National Housing Act, with the mandate to improve housing and living conditions in the country.

Originally established after World War II to help returning war veterans find housing, it has since seen its mandate expand to the mandate of improving access to housing overall.

Equity sharing
Equity sharing is another name for shared ownership or co-ownership. It takes one property, more than one owner, and blends them to maximize profit and tax deductions. Typically, the parties find a home and buy it together as co-owners, but sometimes they join to co-own a property one of them already owns. At the end of an agreed term, they buy one another out or sell the property and split the equity. In England, equity sharing and shared ownership are not the same thing (see the United Kingdom and England sections below).
Vishnupur Bathua Halt railway station
Vishnupur Bathua Halt railway station is a halt railway station on Samastipur–Muzaffarpur line under the Samastipur railway division of the East Central Railway zone. The railway station is situated beside Tajpur―Pusa Road at Vishnupur Bathua in Samastipur district of the Indian state of Bihar.

Samastipur–Muzaffarpur section
The Samastipur–Muzaffarpur section is a railway line connecting Samastipur to Muzaffarpur in the Indian state of Bihar. The 53 km (33 mi) line passes through the plains of North Bihar and the Gangetic Plain in Bihar.
Kamysty (lake)
Kamysty (Kazakh: Қамысты), also known as Kamyshlovo (Russian: Камышлово), is a lake in Magzhan Zhumabayev District, North Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan.

Kamysty is located 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) to the WSW of Bulayevo, the district capital. The Kazakhstan–Russia border lies 46 kilometers (29 mi) to the east of the eastern end of the lake.

North Kazakhstan Region
North Kazakhstan Region is a region of Kazakhstan with a population of 522,171. Its capital is Petropavl, with a population of 221,907 people. It is the only region of Kazakhstan in which ethnic Kazakhs don't make up a majority.
Afroartelida quentini
Afroartelida quentini is a species of longhorn beetle in the family Cerambycidae found in Malawi. It was described by Vives in 2011.

It is part of the subfamily Dorcasominae and the tribe Apatophysini. It is described as a reddish-brown beetle and is covered by short gray-gold tomentum (hairs), which is particularly dense on the head and protonum of the insect. This tomentum is longer on the legs of the beetle, and shorter on the antennae and elytra. The antennae of the beetle are long and slender, extending far past the end of the elytra. Like most Cerambycids, A.quentini likely feeds on wood, as other species in the family are known tree-killers.

Dorcasominae
Dorcasominae is a subfamily in the longhorn beetle family Cerambycidae. There are about 14 genera and more than 30 described species in Dorcasominae, found mainly in Asia and Africa. These genera are sometimes considered members of the tribe Dorcasomini, which would be the only tribe of this subfamily. This classification is in accordance with the TITAN Cerambycidae database, Catalogue of Life, and Photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the Old World. It is similar to that of Bouchard et al. in "Family-group names in Coleoptera", 2011.

In addition to the 14 genera currently in Dorcasominae, this subfamily formerly contained more than 100 genera in following tribes:

Apatophyseini (now in subfamily Apatophyseinae with 98 genera)

Protaxini (now in subfamily Cerambycinae)

Trigonarthrini (now in subfamily Cerambycinae)

Trypogeini (now genus Trypogeus of this subfamily)
No Show
"No-Show" is the 41st episode of the HBO television series The Sopranos and the second episode of the show's fourth season. Written by David Chase and Terence Winter, it was directed by John Patterson and originally aired on September 22, 2002.

Janice Soprano
Janice Soprano Baccalieri is a fictional character in the HBO television drama series The Sopranos and in the film The Many Saints of Newark. She is the eldest sibling of the show's protagonist, Tony Soprano (James Gandolfini). On the show, she is portrayed by Aida Turturro, and a young Janice appears in flashbacks portrayed by Madeline Blue and Juliet Fox. Alexandra Intrator portrays a young Janice Soprano in the 2021 prequel film, The Many Saints of Newark.
2023 Giro d'Italia, Stage 12 to Stage 21
The 2023 Giro d'Italia was the 106th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro began in Fossacesia on 6 May, and Stage 12 occurred on 18 May with a stage to Rivoli. The race finished in Rome on 28 May.

2023 Giro d'Italia
The 2023 Giro d'Italia was the 106th edition of the Giro d'Italia, a three-week Grand Tour cycling stage race. The race started on 6 May in Fossacesia and finished on 28 May in Rome. There were 3 individual time trial stages and 6 stages longer than 200 km. The race was won by Primož Roglič of Team Jumbo–Visma, taking his fourth Grand Tour victory and becoming the first Slovenian to win the Giro.
Louis Auguste Deschamps
Louis-Auguste Deschamps (22 August 1765 in Saint-Omer – 25 February 1842 in Saint-Omer) was a French botanist and surgeon, who specialised in the flora of Java and Mexico. He is probably best known for his description of the World's largest flower- Rafflesia, when he was in Java between 1791 and 1794. However, the British took his papers that were kept in the ship La 'Recherche' he was on that was harboured in Surabaya because they were fighting the French there, and he returned home without those papers in 1798.

Saint-Omer
Saint-Omer (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿omɛʁ] ⓘ; West Flemish: Sint-Omaars; Picard: Saint-Onmé) is a commune and sub-prefecture of the Pas-de-Calais department in France.

It is 68 km (42 mi) west-northwest of Lille on the railway to Calais, and is located in the Artois province. The town is named after Saint Audomar, who brought Christianity to the area.

The canalised section of the river Aa begins at Saint-Omer, reaching the North Sea at Gravelines in northern France. Below its walls, the Aa connects with the Neufossé Canal, which ends at the river Lys.