hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mining scams in India
Mining scams in India (colloquially known as the Indian mining scam) refer to a series of alleged widespread scams in various ore-rich states of India, which have generated controversy. Problems caused by the alleged scams include encroachment of forest areas, underpayment of government royalties, and conflict with tribals regarding land rights. The spill-over of the effects of legal mining into issues such as Naxalism, and the distortion of the Indian political system by mixed politics and mining interests, has gained international attention.

The latest scam that has come out is the coal mining scam in which the government has had a presumable conservative loss of Rs 1.86 trillion (short scale), due to the delayed implementation of a competitive bidding process for allotment of coal blocks, according to the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG).

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is an Indian government ministry. The ministry portfolio is currently held by Bhupender Yadav.

The ministry is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programmes in the country. The main activities undertaken by the ministry include conservation and survey of the flora of India and fauna of India, forests and other wilderness areas; prevention and control of pollution; Indian Himalayan Environment and its sustainable development; afforestation, and land degradation mitigation. It is responsible for the administration of the national parks of India.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the cadre controlling authority of the Indian Forest Service (IFS), one of the three All India Services.
New European Order
The New European Order (NEO) was a neo-fascist, Europe-wide alliance set up in 1951 to promote pan-European nationalism. The NEO, led by René Binet and Gaston-Armand Amaudruz, was a more radical splinter group that broke away from the European Social Movement after denouncing their restrained program.

In the words of scholar Nicolas Lebourg, "the NEO virulently defended the idea of a new world order based on racial hierarchy, in which 'white humanity', by federating its nations, will see the birth of 'the new man within the new race' through a totalitarian party-state."

Chilean Nazi esotericist Miguel Serrano had been reportedly connected to the organisation.

Pan-European nationalism
European nationalism (sometimes called pan-European nationalism or Euro-nationalism) is a form of pan-nationalism based on a pan-European identity. It has been only a minor far-right tendency since the National Party of Europe disintegrated in the 1970s.

It is distinct from Pro-Europeanism and European Federalism in being a chiefly neo-fascist ideology, as opposed to support of the European Union and European integration.
Privett railway station
Privett was an intermediate railway station on the Meon Valley line, which ran from Alton to Fareham in Hampshire, England, during the first half of the 20th century. Named after the hamlet of Privett, the station was located over half a mile (1 km) away from its namesake and was built in largely uninhabited countryside.

Fareham railway station
Fareham railway station is on the West Coastway Line, situated about 0.62 miles (1 km) from the town of Fareham in Hampshire, England. It is 84 miles 21 chains (135.6 km) down the line from London Waterloo.
Sar Sakhti-ye Pain
Sar Sakhti-ye Pain (Persian: سرسختي پائين, also Romanized as Sar Sakhtī-ye Pā’īn; also known as Sar Sakhtī-ye Soflá, Sarsakhtī-ye Soflā, and Sarsakti) is a village in Qarah Kahriz Rural District, Qarah Kahriz District, Shazand County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,170, in 278 families.

Qarah Kahriz Rural District
Qarah Kahriz Rural District (Persian: دهستان قره كهريز) is in Qarah Kahriz District of Shazand County, Markazi province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Amarat. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Hafteh, now a neighborhood in the city of Shahbaz.
Redtop Mountain
Redtop Mountain is a 3,156-metre (10,354-foot) mountain summit located in the Purcell Mountains of British Columbia, Canada. It is situated 44 km (27 mi) southwest of Invermere, and 49 km (30 mi) north-northeast of Kaslo, on the northern boundary of Purcell Wilderness Conservancy Provincial Park and Protected Area. Nearby peaks include Truce Mountain, 10 km (6.2 mi) to the west, Mount Earl Grey, 1.5 km (0.93 mi) to the northeast, and Jumbo Mountain, 10 km (6.2 mi) to the north. The first ascent of Redtop Mountain was made August 11, 1916, by Albert H. MacCarthy, Elizabeth MacCarthy, and Conrad Kain. Albert MacCarthy would go on to lead the 1925 first ascent of Mount Logan, Canada's highest mountain. The mountain's name was officially adopted June 9, 1960, when approved by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

Purcell Wilderness Conservancy Provincial Park and Protected Area
The Purcell Wilderness Conservancy (full name Purcell Wilderness Conservancy Provincial Park and Protected Area) is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada.  It was established in 1974, and encompasses six large drainages in the Purcell Mountains in the southeast of the province.  It contains high peaks, alpine meadows and ridges, deep creek and river valleys, and hot springs at Dewar Creek.
2011 GP Ouest-France
The 2011 GP Ouest-France was the 75th edition of the GP Ouest-France, a single-day cycling race. It was held on 28 August 2011, over a distance of 248.3 km (154.3 mi), starting and finishing in Plouay, France. It was the 23rd event of the 2011 UCI World Tour season.

Grega Bole, the Slovenian road race champion riding for the Lampre–ISD team, took the victory after an attack within the final 2 km (1.2 mi) of the race and managed to hold on to his advantage, as the rest of the field closed on him in the closing metres. Bole had been part of an eight-man breakaway, and held off Simon Gerrans – the winner of the race in 2009 – who took second place for Team Sky, while another previous race winner, Thomas Voeckler – the winner in 2007 – completed the podium for Team Europcar.

2011 UCI World Tour
The 2011 UCI World Tour was the third edition of the ranking system launched by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) in 2009.  The series started with the Tour Down Under's opening stage on 18 January, and consisted of 14 stage races and 13 one-day races, culminating in the Giro di Lombardia on 15 October.
Hoya blashernaezii subsp. valmayoriana
Hoya blashernaezii subsp. valmayoriana is a subspecies of porcelainflower or wax plant (genus Hoya) endemic to the Philippines.: 34  An asclepiad subspecies of flowering plant in the dogbane family Apocynaceae, it was first described in 2012 by Kloppenburg et al. as Hoya valmayoriana, and in 2014 reduced by the same authors to a subspecies of Hoya blashernaezii. The corolla of its flower is peach-colored.: 42-43  Originally, this species was collected together with seven other hoyas in October 1988 by David M. Cummings (collection number DMC 1622), ¾ kilometer north of Lake Bulusan, Sorsogon Province, the Philippines, in dense forest along the roadside. This was the same location as Hoya davidcummingii.: 43

Hoya (plant)
Hoya is a genus of over 500 species of plants in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae, commonly known as waxflowers. Plants in the genus Hoya are mostly epiphytic or lithophytic vines, rarely subshrubs, with leathery, fleshy or succulent leaves, shortly tube-shaped or bell-shaped flowers with five horizontally spreading lobes, the flowers in umbels or racemes, and spindle-shaped or cylindrical to oval follicles containing flattened egg-shaped to oblong seeds.
Harriet Hudson
Harriet Hudson (born 23 January 1998) is an Australian national representative rower. She is a three-time national senior champion, twice won silver medals at World U23 Championships and is an Olympian. She competed in the Australian women's quad scull at Tokyo 2021 winning a bronze medal.

Australian Rowing Championships
The Australian Rowing Championships is an annual rowing event that determines Australia's national rowing champions and facilitates selection of Australian representative crews for World Championships and the Olympic Games. It is Australia's premier regatta, with states, clubs and schools sending their best crews. The Championships commence with the National Regatta - men's, women's and lightweight events in open, under 23, under 19, under 17 and school age events. Rowers at the National Regatta race in their local club colours with composite crews permitted. The Championships conclude with the Interstate Regatta - currently eight events competed by state representative crews or scullers selected by the state rowing associations. The states compete for an overall points tally which decides the Zurich Cup.
ND-NOTIS
ND-NOTIS was an office automation suite by Norsk Data introduced in the early 80s, running on the SINTRAN III platform on both ND-100 and ND-500 architectures. It was also available on Microsoft Windows running in networks of Norsk Data servers.

Sintran III
Sintran III is a real-time, multitasking, multi-user operating system used with Norsk Data minicomputers from 1974. Unlike its predecessors Sintran I and II, it was written entirely by Norsk Data, in Nord Programming Language (Nord PL, NPL), an intermediate language for Norsk Data computers.
APRA Music Awards of 2010
The Australasian Performing Right Association Awards of 2010 (generally known as APRA Music Awards) was the 28th annual ceremony by the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) to award outstanding achievements in contemporary songwriting, composing and publishing. They are a series of awards which include the APRA Music Awards and Screen Music Awards. The APRA Music Awards ceremony was held on 21 June at the Sydney Convention Centre, they were presented by APRA and the Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society (AMCOS) and included the new category, 'Rock Work of the Year'. A total of 12 awards were presented. The Screen Music Awards were issued on 9 November by APRA and Australian Guild of Screen Composers (AGSC). The 2010 Classical Music Awards were suspended and were replaced by the Art Music Awards from 2011 held in May that year. They included jazz categories. Art Music Awards are sponsored by APRA and the Australian Music Centre (AMC).

APRA Awards (Australia)
The APRA Music Awards in Australia celebrate excellence in contemporary music, honoring songwriters and publishers who have achieved artistic excellence and outstanding success in their fields.

Several award ceremonies are run in Australia by the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) and Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society (AMCOS). In addition to the APRA Music Awards, APRA AMCOS, in association with the Australian Music Centre, presents awards for classical music, jazz and improvised music, experimental music and sound art, known as the Art Music Awards. It also runs, in association with the Australian Guild of Screen Composers (AGSC), the Screen Music Awards, to acknowledge excellence in the field of screen composition.
Bagh-e Komesh Rural District
Bagh-e Komesh Rural District (Persian: دهستان باغ کمش) is in the Central District of Pardis County, Tehran province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Bagh-e Komesh, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 2,566 people in 750 households.

Pardis
Pardis (Persian: پرديس) is a city in the Central District of Pardis County, Tehran province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is a suburb located 17 km (11 mi) northeast of Tehran.
Icacos Petroglyph Group
The Icacos Petroglyph Group (Spanish: Grupo de Petroglifos de Icacos), also known as the Río Blanco Petroglyphs (Petroglifos de Río Blanco), is an ensemble of indigenous petroglyphs that can be found on four large boulders located at the confluence of the Icacos and Cubuy rivers, within the El Toro Wilderness section of El Yunque National Forest. The site and its environment are well-preserved due to their remote location and through their protection by the U.S. Forest Service.  Although the address and exact coordinates are not publicly available, the site is located within the boundaries of the Río Blanco barrio of the municipality of Naguabo, Puerto Rico and can be accessed through guided tours. It has been listed in the National Register of Historic Places since 2015.

Icacos River
The Icacos River (Spanish: Río Icacos), sometimes spelled Hicacos, is a river of Naguabo, Puerto Rico. It is 2.3 miles (3.7 km) long and has received the designation of "Wild and Scenic River" by the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. This river aids the hydroelectric dam in Naguabo.
Marmormolen
Marmormolen (lit. "Marble Pier") is a wharf in the Søndre Frihavn (English: South Free Port) area of Copenhagen, Denmark. Currently under redevelopment, a new office building for the United Nations activities in Copenhagen is being built at its tip. The plans also include a highrise which will be connected to another highrise at the tip of Langelinie Pier across the entrance to the Søndre Frihavn dock by a pedestrian and cycling bridge 65 meters above the harbor.

Langelinie
Langelinie (English: Long Line) is a pier, promenade and park in central Copenhagen, Denmark, and home of The Little Mermaid statue. The area has for centuries been a popular destination for excursions and strolls in Copenhagen. Most cruise ships arriving in Copenhagen also berth at Langelinie Pier.
Dalston Square
Dalston Square is a largely residential complex located just off Kingsland Road near Dalston Junction station in Dalston, part of the London Borough of Hackney. It includes approximately 500 homes, a library, public space, shops and restaurants.

Dalston
Dalston (/ˈdɔːlstən/) is an area of East London, in the London Borough of Hackney. It is four miles (six kilometres) northeast of Charing Cross. Dalston began as a hamlet on either side of Dalston Lane, and as the area urbanised the term also came to apply to surrounding areas including Kingsland and Shacklewell, all three of which being part of the Ancient Parish of Hackney.

The area has experienced a high degree of gentrification in recent years, a process accelerated by the East London line extension, now part of London Overground, and the reopening of Dalston Junction railway station, part of London's successful bid to host the 2012 Olympics.
Hong Kong Chinese Christian Churches Union Logos Academy
Hong Kong Chinese Christian Churches Union Logos Academy (HKCCCULA) is the first school of the Hong Kong Chinese Christian Churches Union. It is located in Tiu Keng Leng, Sai Kung District, New Territories, Hong Kong.

It has three school buildings and is a public school. HKCCCULA is also a Direct Subsidy-funded International Baccalaureate school.

Tiu Keng Leng
Tiu Keng Leng (Chinese: 調景嶺), less commonly known as Rennie's Mill, is an area of Hong Kong in the Sai Kung District adjacent to Junk Bay (Tseung Kwan O).

The area was formerly a refugee village housing former Kuomintang officials and followers who escaped to Hong Kong from mainland China after the establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC); however, the original Tiu Keng Leng village was cleared before Hong Kong's sovereignty transfer to the PRC in 1997, and nowadays Tiu Keng Leng has been thoroughly redeveloped as part of the Tseung Kwan O New Town.
Plateau, Benin
Plateau is an arrondissement in the Collines department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Savé. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 10,648.

Savè
Savè [sa.vɛ] is a city in Benin, lying on the Cotonou-Parakou railway and the main north–south road. It is known for its local boulders, popular with climbers. "Savè" is from the historical Yoruba name Ṣábẹ̀ẹ́.

The commune covers an area of 2228 square kilometres and as of 2002 had a population of 67,753 people.
Mohammed ibn Qasim ibn Zakur
Abu Abdallah Mohammed ibn Qasim ibn Zakur (Arabic: ابن زاكور; died 1708) was a Moroccan poet, historian and travel writer from Fes. He was a pupil of the school of Abu Ali al-Hassan al-Yusi. He wrote poetry, history, biographies, travel accounts, and books on grammar, rhetoric, law and theology. One of his travel accounts is about a journey he made to Algeria in 1682. His poems were published in a diwan.

Al-Hasan al-Yusi
Abu Ali al-Hassan ibn Masud al-Yusi (Arabic: أبو علي الحسن اليوسي) (1631–1691) was a Moroccan Sufi writer. He is considered to be the greatest Moroccan scholar of the seventeenth century and was a close associate of the first Alaouite sultan Rashid.

Of his autobiography, Al-Fahrasa (literally: academic journey), only the introduction and first section have survived and these were, until recently, unpublished. His better known text Al-Muhadrat (Conferences) also contains many autobiographical passages. Both texts are remarkable for the author's frank discussions of childhood misdeeds, the pleasures of his conjugal sex life, and other intimate details of his personal life. Al-Yusi's Daliyya (poem of praise) of his Shaikh Muhammad b. Nasir al-Dari of the Zawiya Nasiriyya of Tamegroute, is famous both in Morocco and  West Africa.
Skrjabillanidae
Skrjabillanidae is a family of nematodes belonging to the order Rhabditida.

Genera:

Esocinema Moravec, 1977

Kalmanmolnaria Sokolov, 2006

Lucionema Moravec, Molnar & Szekely, 1998

Molnaria Moravec, 1968

Sinoichthyonema Wu, 1973

Skrjabillanus Shigin & Shigina, 1958

Rhabditida
Rhabditida is an order of nematodes that can be found as free-living organisms, parasites, or microbivores living in soil.

The Cephalobidae, Panagrolaimidae, Steinernematidae, and Strongyloididae seem to be closer to the Tylenchia, regardless of whether these are merged with the Rhabditia or not.
Conflict, Stability and Security Fund
The British Government created the Conflict, Stability and Security Fund (CSSF) on 1 April 2015, replacing the previous Conflict (Prevention) Pool. It is a pool of money, over £1 billion per year, for tackling conflict and instability overseas. Roughly half of the fund is categorised as government official development assistance (ODA).

In 2023, the CSSF was in the process of merging with other funds to form the new UK Integrated Security Fund (UKISF), which was established on 1 April 2024.

Mark Lyall Grant
Sir Mark Justin Lyall Grant GCMG (born 29 May 1956) is a former senior British diplomat who was previously the United Kingdom's National Security Adviser and Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom to the United Nations.
Elizabeth Fleming Stier Award
The Elizabeth Fleming Stier Award has been issued every year since 1997. It is awarded to a member of the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) who has pursued humanitarian ideals and unselfish dedication to the well-being of the food industry, academia, students, or the general public. The award is named for Elizabeth Fleming Stier (1925-1995), a food science professor at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey who became the first female award winner of IFT when she won the William V. Cruess Award in 1974.

Award winners receive a USD 3000 honorarium from the IFT New York Section and a plaque from IFT.

William V. Cruess Award
The William V. Cruess Award has been awarded every year since 1970. It is awarded for excellence in teaching in food science and technology and is the only award in which student members in the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) can nominate. This award is named after William V. Cruess (1886-1968), a food science professor at the University of California, Berkeley and later at the University of California, Davis who was also the first ever IFT Award winner when he won the Nicholas Appert Award in 1942.

Award winners receive a bronze medal showing a side view of Cruess from the Northern California Section of IFT and a USD 3000 honorarium from the IFT office in Chicago, Illinois.
Soigné
Restaurant Soigné is a restaurant in Bussum, Netherlands. It is a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in 2010 and has retained that rating until the present.

In 2013, GaultMillau awarded the restaurant 13 out of 20 points.

The head chef of Soigné is Dennis Jong, former senior sous chef of La Rive. The maître is Frank Velthuyse. They have owned the restaurant since 2007.

The restaurant is located in a building that formerly housed the restaurant Negliche. This restaurant was in 2006 sold to Sidney Heinze, former head chef of Tante Koosje. Heinze changed the name of the restaurant in Soigné, but sold the restaurant a year later.

Tante Koosje
Tante Koosje is a restaurant located in Loenen aan de Vecht in the Netherlands.  It is a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in the period 1998-2003 and 2006–2012.

Gault Millau awarded the restaurant 14 out of 20 points.

Head chef of Tante Koosje is Roland Veldhuijzen. In 2007, he managed to retain the star awarded to Sidney Heinze in 2006.

The building is a Rijksmonument.
Amphictis
Amphictis is an extinct genus of ailurids that existed from the Late Oligocene to the Middle Miocene with fossils found in Eurasia and North America with a total of nine described species. The interrelationships of the different species as well as their relationship to the other ailurids is not fully understood. Usually Amphictis is classified in the basal monotypic subfamily Amphictinae, but there is no certainty as the genus could potentially be a paraphyletic with the Oligocene species A. borbonica being a potential sister taxon to the ancestor of the subfamily Ailurinae (today consisting just the red panda), while a Middle Miocene clade consisting of an anagenesis line from A. prolongata–to–A. wintershofensis–to–A. cuspida being closer to the ancestry of the now extinct Simocyoninae (with A. wintershofensis being the sister taxon to the clade). This is due to the nature of their plesiomorphic nature of their anatomy.

Ailurinae
Ailurinae is a subfamily of Ailuridae (of which this is the only extant subfamily out of three). While it is represented by the extant genus Ailurus, there were a handful of genera whose fossils have been found across the Holarctic region. These include the Middle Miocene Magerictis of Spain, the Early Pliocene Pristinailurus of the United States of America and their sister taxon Parailurus of Eurasia and North America in the Pliocene. Unlike Ailurus which is a specialized arboreal bamboo forager, the extinct ailurine species were more generalized and spent their time foraging on the ground.
Addison N. Scurlock
Addison N. Scurlock (June 19, 1883 – December 16, 1964) was an American photographer, founder of The Scurlock Studio, and businessman who became prominent in the early and mid-20th century for photographing Black Washington.

U Street (Washington, D.C.)
The U Street Corridor or Greater U Street, sometimes known as Cardozo/Shaw, is a neighborhood in Washington, D.C., located in Northwest D.C. Centered along U Street, the neighborhood is one of Washington's most popular nightlife and entertainment districts, as well as one of the most significant African American heritage districts in the country.

The area was largely built after the U.S. Civil War and with the arrival of the Washington streetcar system in the 1880s, the neighborhood development boomed. By 1920, the neighborhood was predominantly African-American and flourished as the "Black Broadway", the heart of African-American culture in Washington. The area declined for a period following the 1968 Washington riots, but recovered following the 1991 opening of the U Street station of the Washington Metro. Since the 2000s, the area has been subject to significant urban redevelopment and gentrification.