hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phyllobrostis jedmella
Phyllobrostis jedmella is a moth in the  family Lyonetiidae. It is found in Algeria and Spain.

The wingspan is 5.5–6 mm for males. Adults are on wing in April. The larvae feed on Thymelaea microphylla, mining the leaves and flowers of their host plant.

Lyonetiidae
Lyonetiidae is a family of moths with around 200 described species. These are small, slender moths, the wingspan rarely exceeding 1 cm. The very narrow forewings, held folded backwards covering the hindwings and abdomen, often have pointed apices noticeably up- or down-turned. The larvae are leaf miners.

The families Bucculatricidae and Bedelliidae are sometimes considered subfamilies of Lyonetiidae.
1932 Grand National
The 1932 Grand National was the 91st renewal of the Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England, on 18 March 1932.

The race was won by Forbra at odds of 50/1. The seven-year-old was ridden by jockey Tim Hamey and trained by Tom Rimell.

Egremont finished in second place, Shaun Goilin, the winner in 1930, was third and Near East fourth. Thirty-six horses ran and all returned safely to the stables.

Edward, Prince of Wales was in attendance at Aintree for the showpiece steeplechase.

Aintree Racecourse
Aintree Racecourse is a racecourse in Aintree, Merseyside, England, near to Liverpool. The racecourse is the venue for the Grand National steeplechase, which takes place annually in April over three days. Aintree also holds meetings in May, October (Sunday), November and December (both Saturdays).

The Aintree Racecourse had suffered three major disruptions in post-war history, starting with the 1993 Grand National due to a series of false starts and no winner was announced, followed by the 1997 Grand National, postponed to Monday because of an IRA bomb threat and the 2023 Grand National was delayed due to Animal Rights protesters.
Kirkburn
Kirkburn is a small village and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated about 3 miles (5 km) south-west of Driffield town centre and is on the A614 road.

The civil parish is formed by the village of Kirkburn and the hamlets of Eastburn, Kelleythorpe and Southburn.
According to the 2011 UK census, Kirkburn parish had a population of 903, an increase on the 2001 UK census figure of 492.

Driffield
Driffield, also known as Great Driffield (neighbouring Little Driffield), is a market town and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The civil parish is formed by the town of Driffield and the village of Little Driffield. By road, it is 53 miles (85 km) north-east of Leeds, 29 miles (47 km) east of York and 23 miles (37 km) north of Hull.

Driffield, being near the centre of the Yorkshire Wolds, is named The Capital of the Wolds.

According to the 2011 UK census, Driffield parish had a population of 13,080, an increase on the 2001 UK census figure of 11,477.

The town was listed in the 2019 Sunday Times report on the Best Places to Live in northern England.
2020–2021 Georgian political crisis
The 2020–2021 Georgian political crisis was a political crisis in Georgia that resulted from allegations by opposition parties that the 2020 Georgian parliamentary election was rigged. The opposition accused the ruling Georgian Dream party of election fraud and did not recognize the results. They announced protests and parliamentary boycott. The opposition held a rally on November 1, a day after the elections, and called for snap parliamentary elections. On November 2, the eight opposition parties refused to enter parliament. In February 2021, Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia resigned over plans to arrest opposition leader Nika Melia, which occurred on 23 February. The crisis ended on 19 April 2021 after the signing of the EU-mediated agreement between the ruling party and the opposition.

2020 Georgian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Georgia on 31 October and 21 November 2020 to elect the 150 members of Parliament. The ruling Georgian Dream party led by Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia won re-election for a third term in office, making it the first party in Georgian history to do so. The elections also saw a record number of opposition parties elected to parliament.

The opposition boycotted the second round of the elections and called on voters to abstain; turnout in the second round was subsequently only 26%.
Torii Naritsugu
Torii Naritsugu (鳥居 成次, 1570–1631) was a military commander and daimyō during the early Edo period. The third son of Torii Mototada, he served Tokugawa Ieyasu from a young age and was honored for his military service during the Battle of Sekigahara. In 1603, he became lord of Yamura fief in Kai province (worth 35,000 koku). In 1620, he was appointed as an attendant elder retainer to Tokugawa Tadanaga, but was removed from his post and dispossessed in 1632. Banished to his nephew Torii Tadatsune's domain in Yamagata, he died in 1631.

Torii Mototada
Torii Hikoemon Mototada (鳥居 彦右衛門 元忠; 1539 – September 8, 1600) was a Japanese samurai and daimyo of the Sengoku-through late-Azuchi–Momoyama periods, who served Tokugawa Ieyasu. Torii died at the siege of Fushimi, where his garrison was greatly outnumbered and destroyed by the army of Ishida Mitsunari. Torii's refusal to surrender had a great impact on Japanese history; the fall of Fushimi bought Ieyasu time to regroup his army and eventually win the Battle of Sekigahara.
Empath
Empath (/ˈɛmpæθ/; from Ancient Greek  ἐμπάθεια (empátheia) 'passion') is a term for people who are said to have a higher than usual level of empathy.

In parapsychology, the mechanism for being an empath is said to be psychic channeling; psychics and mediums say that they channel the emotional states and experiences of other living beings, or the spirits of dead people, in the form of "emotional resonance." Studies of such claims have found them to be the result of mundane empathy and charisma, with no actual supernatural capabilities involved.

Parapsychology
Parapsychology is the study of alleged psychic phenomena (extrasensory perception, telepathy, teleportation, precognition, clairvoyance, psychokinesis (also called telekinesis), and psychometry) and other paranormal claims, for example, those related to near-death experiences, synchronicity, apparitional experiences, etc. Criticized as being a pseudoscience, the majority of mainstream scientists reject it. Parapsychology has been criticized for continuing investigation despite being unable to provide reproducible evidence for the existence of any psychic phenomena after more than a century of research.

Parapsychology research rarely appears in mainstream scientific journals; a few niche journals publish most papers about parapsychology.
Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act
The Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act, 1999 (Mah. 30/1999) is a law enacted by the state of Maharashtra in India in 1999 to combat organised crime and terrorism. Known as "MCOCA", the Act provides the State Government with special powers to tackle these issues, including powers of surveillance,relaxed evidentiary standards and procedural safeguards, and prescribing additional criminal penalties, including the death penalty. The law was introduced by a coalition government of the Bharatiya Janata Party and Shiv Sena. Gopinath Munde (dy.CM of Maharashtra at the time) had the lion's share in the efforts which were taken for this act's enactment; to curb the rising powers of the underworld in the state.

Code of Criminal Procedure (India)
The Code of Criminal Procedure, commonly called Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC), was the main legislation on procedure for administration of substantive criminal law in India. It was enacted in 1973 and came into force on 1 April 1974. It provides the machinery for the investigation of crime, apprehension of suspected criminals, collection of evidence, determination of guilt or innocence of the accused person and the determination of punishment of the guilty. It also deals with public nuisance, prevention of offences and maintenance of wife, child and parents.

On 11 August 2023, a Bill to replace the CrPC with the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) was introduced in the Lok Sabha. On 26 December 2023, it was replaced with Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS).
Eschscholtz Bay
Eschscholtz Bay is an arm of Kotzebue Sound, on the Chukchi Sea-facing coast of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is up to eleven miles wide, and separated from the outer Kotzebue Sound by Choris Peninsula and Chamisso Island.

It is located on the northern coast of the Seward Peninsula, 45 miles southwest of Selawik, Kotzebue-Kobuk Low.66°18′29″N 161°19′02″W﻿ / ﻿66.30806°N 161.31722°W﻿ / 66.30806; -161.31722

Eschscholtz Bay was discovered and named in 1816 by Lt. Otto von Kotzebue after his ship's physician, Dr. Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz.

The Inuit name of this bay has not been reported, but it was a traditional beluga hunting ground for the local people of the area.

Kotzebue Sound
Kotzebue Sound is an arm of the Chukchi Sea in the western region of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is on the north side of the Seward Peninsula and bounded on the east by the Baldwin Peninsula. It is 100 miles (160 km) long and 70 miles (110 km) wide.

Kotzebue Sound is located in the transitional climate zone, which is characterized by long, cold winters and cool summers. The average low temperature during January is −12 °F (−24 °C); the average high during July is 58 °F (14 °C). Temperature extremes have been measured from −52 °F (−47 °C) to 85 °F (29 °C). Snowfall averages 40 inches (1,016 mm), with total precipitation of 9 inches (229 mm) per year. Kotzebue Sound is ice-free from early July until early October.

The towns of Kotzebue, Kiwalik and Deering are on the shores of Kotzebue Sound. Kotzebue Sound was explored and named in 1816 by Baltic German Lieutenant Otto von Kotzebue while searching for the Northeast Passage in the service of Russia.
Chak Dahiramau
Chak Dahiramau is a village in Bahadurpur block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, its population is 532, in 106 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Chak Dahiramau as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 173 people (95 male and 78 female), in 41 households and 41 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 178 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Chak Dahiramau as having a population of 302 people, in 59 households, and having an area of 69.61 hectares.

Bahadurpur, Raebareli
Bahadurpur, also called Bahadurpur Da Jayas, is a village and corresponding community development block in Tiloi tehsil of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 3 km from the town of Jais. As of 2011, its population is 17,595, in 2,951 households. The main staple foods are wheat and rice.

The 1961 census recorded Bahadurpur as comprising 4 hamlets, with a total population of 539 people (315 male and 224 female), in 135 households and 133 physical houses.
  The area of the village was given as 592 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Bahadurpur as having a population of 969 people, in 332 households, and having an area of 62.32 hectares.
Galbulimima belgraveana
Galbulimima belgraveana is a tropical forest tree with hallucinogenic properties. Its common names include agara white magnolia and pigeonberry ash. It is native to northeastern Australia, Malaysia, and Papua New Guinea.

Araceae
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
Photosynth
Photosynth is a discontinued app and service from Microsoft Live Labs and the University of Washington that analyzes digital photographs and generates a three-dimensional model of the photos and a point cloud of a photographed object. Pattern recognition components compare portions of images to create points, which are then compared to convert the image into a model. Users are able to view and generate their own models using a software tool available for download at the Photosynth website.

Microsoft Live Labs
Microsoft Live Labs was a partnership between MSN and Microsoft Research that focused on applied research for Internet products and services at Microsoft. Live Labs was headed by Dr. Gary William Flake, who prior to joining Microsoft was a principal scientist at Yahoo! Research Lab and former head of research at the Web portal's Overture Services division.

Live Labs' focus was on applied research and practical applications of computer science areas including natural language processing, machine learning, information retrieval, data mining, computational linguistics, distributed computing, etc.

Microsoft Live Labs was formed on January 24, 2006. On October 8, 2010, Microsoft announced the shutdown of Live Labs and the transition of its remaining team of 68 to Microsoft Bing. As a consequence Live Labs' original founder and leader Dr. Gary William Flake has resigned from Microsoft.
Ambrose Lake (Thunder Bay District)
Ambrose Lake is a lake in Thunder Bay District, Ontario, Canada. It is about 1,200 metres (3,937 ft) long and 300 metres (984 ft) wide, and lies at an elevation of 346 metres (1,135 ft) about 13.5 kilometres (8.4 mi) northwest of the community of Schreiber. The primary outflow is an unnamed creek to the Whitesand River, between Longcanoe Lake and Hornblende Lake.

Hornblende Lake
Hornblende Lake is a lake in Thunder Bay District, Ontario, Canada. It is about 1,100 metres (3,609 ft) long and 400 metres (1,312 ft) wide, and lies at an elevation of 330 metres (1,083 ft). The primary inflow is the Whitesand River flowing downstream from Longcanoe Lake, and the primary outflow is also the Whitesand River, which flows downstream into Lyne Lake.
Bodycote
Bodycote plc is a supplier of heat treatments, metal joining, hot isostatic pressing and coatings services. Based in Macclesfield, United Kingdom, it is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

FTSE 250 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 250 Index, also called the FTSE 250 Index, FTSE 250, or, informally, the "Footsie 250" /ˈfʊtsi/, is a stock market index that consists of the 101st to the 350th mid-cap blue chip companies listed on the London Stock Exchange.
Benito, Kentucky
Benito is an unincorporated community and coal camp in  Harlan County, Kentucky, United States. Benito is located on the Clover Fork, near the city of Evarts, Kentucky. The small community is located between the communities of Gano and Highsplint.

Evarts, Kentucky
Evarts is a home rule-class city in Harlan County, Kentucky, in the United States. The post office was opened on February 9, 1855, and named for one of the area's pioneer families. The city was formally incorporated by the state assembly in 1921. As of the 2020 census, Evarts had a population of 859.
Sanitary Act 1866
The Sanitary Act 1866 (29 & 30 Vict. c. 90), sometimes called the Public Health Act 1866, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The act allowed the formation of drainage districts and enabled the provision of better house drainage. The second part of the act dealt with nuisances and stated that it was the duty of councils to locate nuisances and remove them.

Sanitary district
Sanitary districts were established in England and Wales in 1872 and in Ireland in 1878.  The districts were of two types, based on existing structures:

Urban sanitary districts in towns with existing local government bodies

Rural sanitary districts in the remaining rural areas of poor law unions.

Each district was governed by a local board of health, which was responsible for various public health matters such as providing clean drinking water, sewers, street cleaning, and clearing slum housing.

In England and Wales both rural and urban sanitary districts were replaced under by the Local Government Act 1894 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 73) by the more general rural districts and urban districts.  A similar reform was carried out in Ireland in 1899 under the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898.
Maigret (2025 TV series)
Maigret is a 2025 British television series based on the Jules Maigret novels by Georges Simenon, starring Benjamin Wainwright as the detective Maigret. It premiered on PBS Masterpiece in the United States on 5 October 2025, and on ABC Television and ABC iview on 7 November 2025 in Australia. A United Kingdom release date is yet to be announced.

Masterpiece (TV series)
Masterpiece, styled as MASTERPIECE (formerly known as Masterpiece Theatre), is a drama anthology television series produced by WGBH Boston. It premiered on PBS on January 10, 1971. The series has presented numerous acclaimed British productions. Many of these are produced by the BBC, but the lineup has also included programs shown on the UK channels ITV1, Channel 4, and Channel 5.
Bernhard Vechtel
Bernhard Vechtel (31 July 1920 – 21 August 1975) was a fighter pilot in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 14. Staffel (14th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 51 "Mölders" (JG 51—51st Fighter Wing). Vechtel was credited with 108 aerial victories in a total of 860 combat missions, all on the Eastern Front. Vechtel died on 21 August 1975 in Speyer.

Army Group Centre
Army Group Centre (German: Heeresgruppe Mitte) was the name of two distinct strategic German Army Groups that fought on the Eastern Front in World War II. The first Army Group Centre was created during the planning of Operation Barbarossa, Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union, as one of the three German Army formations assigned to the invasion.

After Army Group North was trapped in the Courland Pocket in mid-1944, it was renamed to Army Group Courland and the first Army Group Centre was renamed "Army Group North". The second iteration of Army Group Centre was formed by the redesignation of Army Group A as the replacement for the first Army Group Centre.
"Elektrownia" Gallery of Contemporary Art
Galeria Sztuki Współczesnej "Elektrownia" (Polish: Gallery of Contemporary Art "Elektrownia"; lit. "Power Station") is a contemporary art gallery in Czeladź, Poland, located at ul. Dehnelów 45 in a post-industrial building of the former power station of the Saturn coal mine complex. The gallery began operating in 2005. In 2010 it was included in the Silesian Industrial Monuments Route (Szlak Zabytków Techniki Województwa Śląskiego). Since 1 September 2016, the site has been operated by the Muzeum Saturn (Saturn Museum) in Czeladź.

Czeladź
Czeladź ([ˈt͡ʂɛlat͡ɕ]) is a town in Zagłębie Dąbrowskie (part of historic Lesser Poland), in southern Poland, near Katowice and Sosnowiec. Located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Brynica river (tributary of the Vistula), it is the oldest urban center of Zagłębie Dąbrowskie. The area of Czeladź is 16 km2 (6.2 sq mi), and it borders Będzin, Sosnowiec, Katowice and Siemianowice Śląskie.

The town is situated in the Silesian Voivodeship. Czeladź is one of the cities of the 2,7 million conurbation – Katowice urban area and within a greater Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area populated by about 5,294,000 people. The population of the town as of December 2021 is 30,732.

Founded in the 13th century, Czeladź was granted city status in 1262. In the years 1434–1790, it belonged to the Duchy of Siewierz. In the 19th century, Czeladź became an important mining center, with the Saturn coal mine opened there in the late 19th century.
Tagging (stamp)
Tagging of postage stamps means that the stamps are printed on luminescent paper or with luminescent ink to facilitate automated mail processing. Both fluorescence and phosphorescence are used. The same stamp may have been printed with and without these luminescent features. The two varieties are referred to as tagged and untagged, respectively.

Luminescence
Luminescence can be simply defined as any emission of visible electromagnetic radiation (light) not ascribable directly to incandescence. Incandescence emerges at high temperatures due to thermal radiation; in contrast, because luminescence is often independent of temperature, it is sometimes termed cold light. However, some kinds of luminescence (e.g., candoluminescence, pyroluminescence, thermoluminescence) are associated with or require elevated temperatures. Notably, luminescence is exhibited by primary light sources (which emit light) rather than by secondary light sources (which reflect or transmit light).

Luminescence has also been defined to include all optical radiation, rather than being limited to visible radiation. In addition, it has been defined as a spontaneous emission of radiation from an electronically or vibrationally excited species not in thermal equilibrium with its environment.
CFQX-FM
CFQX-FM (104.1 MHz, QX104) is a commercial radio station in Manitoba. It is licensed to Selkirk and serves the Winnipeg Metropolitan Region. CFQX broadcasts a country format and is owned by the Jim Pattison Group. The studios are at 177 Lombard Avenue in downtown Winnipeg.

CFQX has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most Canadian stations. The transmitter is off Pineridge Road near Garven Road in the Rural Municipality of Springfield.

Selkirk, Manitoba
Selkirk is a city in the western Canadian province of Manitoba, located on the Red River about 22 kilometres (14 mi) northeast of Winnipeg, the provincial capital. It has a population of 10,504 as of the 2021 census.

The mainstays of the local economy are tourism, a steel mill, and a psychiatric hospital. A vertical lift bridge over the Red River connects Selkirk with the smaller town of East Selkirk. The city is connected to Winnipeg via Highway 9 and is served by the Canadian Pacific Railway.

The city was named in honour of the Scotsman Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, who obtained the grant to establish a colony in the Red River area in 1813.
Asia Airfreight Terminal
Asia Airfreight Terminal (AAT) (Chinese: 亞洲空運中心有限公司) is an air cargo terminal based at the Hong Kong International Airport in Chek Lap Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong.

AAT has two terminals, Terminal 1 and Terminal 2. Its cargo terminal has a total area of 80,000 m2 (860,000 sq ft) and its warehouses occupy a total area of 166,000 m2 (1,790,000 sq ft). AAT provides a handling capacity of 1.5 million tons per annum and is one of the world's leading air cargo terminal operators. It is the second largest cargo handler in Hong Kong by cargo handling volume, after HACTL's SuperTerminal 1.

Hactl
Hong Kong Air Cargo Terminals Limited (Chinese: 香港空運貨站有限公司), commonly known as Hactl, is one of the leading air cargo terminal operators in the world. Located at Hong Kong International Airport, it handled a total throughput of 1.65 million tonnes of cargo in 2018.
HMS Ceres (1777)
HMS Ceres was an 18-gun sloop launched in 1777 for the British Royal Navy that the French captured in December 1778 off Saint Lucia. The French Navy took her into service as Cérès. The British recaptured her in 1782 and renamed her HMS Raven, only to have the French recapture her again early in 1783. The French returned her name to Cérès, and she then served in the French Navy until sold at Brest in 1791.

Striking the colors
Striking the colors—meaning lowering the flag (the "colors") that signifies a ship's or garrison's allegiance—is a universally recognized indication of surrender, particularly for ships at sea. For a ship, surrender is dated from the time the ensign is struck.