hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thulium(II) fluoride
Thulium(II) fluoride is one of the fluoride salts of the lanthanide metal thulium, with the chemical compound of TmF2. It can react with zirconium tetrafluoride at 900 °C to form TmZrF6, which has a hexagonal structure.
In addition, low-temperature Mössbauer spectroscopy and some theoretical studies of thulium(II) fluoride have also been reported.

Zirconium tetrafluoride
Zirconium(IV) fluoride describes members of a family inorganic compounds with the formula ZrF4(H2O)x. All are colorless, diamagnetic solids.  Anhydrous Zirconium(IV) fluoride is a component of ZBLAN fluoride glass.
Kasouga
Kasouga or Kasuka is a small village in Sarah Baartman District Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.

Settlement some 10 km north-east of Kenton-on-Sea, near the mouth of the Kasuka River. The name is derived from Khoekhoen and means 'place of many leopards'. The river name "Kasuka" is a Xhosa adaptation of the word, and has the same meaning.

Kenton-on-Sea
Kenton-on-Sea, more commonly known as Kenton, is a small coastal town on the Sunshine Coast, in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. It is situated between the Bushmans and the Kariega Rivers, and lies approximately halfway between the industrial centres of East London (180 kilometres (110 mi)) and Gqeberha (130 kilometres (81 mi)). Kenton is part of the Ndlambe Local Municipality in the Sarah Baartman District Municipality of the Eastern Cape.

The town has a population of just over 5000 people. The centre of Kenton is predominantly English-speaking, while the township of Ekuphumleni, which has a population of about 3600 people, is almost exclusively Xhosa-speaking.
Satish Kaushik
Satish Chandra Kaushik (13 April 1956 – 9 March 2023) was an Indian actor, director, producer, comedian, editor and screenwriter. He found fame in Bollywood with Mr. India starring Anil Kapoor, Sridevi, and Amrish Puri, where he played the iconic character of a cook named Calendar. He later directed films such as Tere Naam.

National School of Drama
National School of Drama (NSD) is a drama school situated at New Delhi, India. It is an autonomous organization under Ministry of Culture, Government of India. It was set up in 1959 by the Sangeet Natak Akademi and became an independent school in 1975. In 2005, it was granted deemed university status, but in 2011 it was revoked. Paresh Rawal is the current Chairperson & Chittaranjan Tripathy currently serves as Director of National School of Drama (NSD).
Charles Wickens
Charles Wickens (1776 – May 20, 1847) was an English-born farmer, miller and political figure in Upper Canada. He represented Simcoe in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada from 1836 to 1841 as a Conservative. His name also appears as James Wickens in some sources.

Wickens served as a lieutenant for the Royal Waggon Train, later retiring on half-pay. He settled at Penatanguishene, later settling in Vespra Township. He was a justice of the peace for the Home District.

Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada
The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada was the elected part of the legislature for the province of Upper Canada, functioning as the lower house in the Parliament of Upper Canada.  Its legislative power was subject to veto by the appointed Lieutenant Governor, Executive Council, and Legislative Council.

The first elections in Upper Canada, in which only land-owning males were permitted to vote, were held in August 1792.

The first session of the Assembly's sixteen members was held in Newark, Upper Canada (today's Niagara-on-the-Lake) on 17 September 1792. The Assembly was dissolved in 1796 and reconvened for twelve more sessions between 1797 and 1840 in modest buildings in York, the new capital of Upper Canada. Members continued to be elected by land-owning males to represent counties and the larger towns.

During the War of 1812, U.S. troops won the Battle of York and burned down the government buildings.
Dahlander pole changing motor
A Dahlander motor  (also known as a pole changing motor, dual- or two speed-motor) is a type of multispeed three-phase induction motor, in which the speed of the motor is varied by altering the number of poles; this is achieved by altering the wiring connections inside the motor. The motor may have fixed or variable torque depending on the stator winding. It is named after its inventor Robert Dahlander (1870–1935).

Dahlander motors are characterised by having six external connections to their stator windings. Although their use involves wye-delta switching (or 'star-delta'), this should not be confused with wye-delta starting that is also commonly used with large three-phase induction motors.

Stator
The stator is the stationary part of a rotary system, found in electric generators, electric motors, sirens, mud motors, or biological rotors (such as bacterial flagella or ATP synthase). Energy flows through a stator to or from the rotating component of the system, the rotor. In an electric motor, the stator provides a magnetic field that drives the rotating armature; in a generator, the stator converts the rotating magnetic field to electric current. In fluid powered devices, the stator guides the flow of fluid to or from the rotating part of the system.
Charles Villeneuve
Charles Villeneuve (born Charles Leroy; 19 July 1941) is a French journalist.

He was the sports director of the television channel TF1.

On 27 May 2008, he was named as president of Paris Saint-Germain F.C. ahead of the new season, after the one-month interim of Simon Tahar; PSG had narrowly avoided relegation from Ligue 1. He was the third journalist to hold the post, after Michel Denisot and Charles Biétry in the 1990s.

In January 2009, he wrote a letter to the club's board in which he criticised their lack of investment. The letter was leaked to Le Parisien. He was then dismissed by owners Colony Capital, whose president Sébastien Bazin took that position at the club.

Sébastien Bazin
Sébastien Bazin (born 9 November 1961) is a French businessman. He is the chairman and chief executive officer of AccorHotels (Euronext: AC; LSE: 0H59). As CEO of Accor, he has committed to the UN's HeForShe campaign that seeks to promote women's and men's rights by pledging to reach parity in pay and equality between genders by 2020.
Ali Farka Touré
Ali Ibrahim "Ali Farka" Touré (31 October 1939 – 6 March 2006) was a Malian singer and multi-instrumentalist, and one of the African continent's most internationally renowned musicians. His music blends traditional Malian music and its derivative, African American blues and is considered a pioneer of African desert blues. Touré was ranked number 76 on Rolling Stone's list of "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" and number 37 on Spin magazine's "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".

Some years after his death, a group of musicians playing in his style performed as the Ali Farka Touré Allstars (2012), and later the Ali Farka Touré Band (formed 2014).

Public Radio International
Public Radio International (PRI) was an American public radio organization. Headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota, PRI provided programming to over 850 public radio stations in the United States.

PRI was one of the main providers of programming for public radio stations in the U.S., alongside National Public Radio, American Public Media, and the Public Radio Exchange. PRI merged with the Public Radio Exchange in 2018.
Will Dockery
William Alfred Dockery (November 10, 1865 – December 29, 1936) was an American landowner who built from scratch the Dockery Plantation, the famous home of such original Delta blues musicians as Charley Patton, Robert Johnson, Son House, Howlin' Wolf, Willie Brown, Tommy Johnson, and Pops Staples.

Cleveland, Mississippi
Cleveland is a city and one of two county seats of Bolivar County, Mississippi, United States, the other seat being Rosedale. The Cleveland population was 11,199 as of the 2020 United States census.

Cleveland has a large commercial economy, with numerous restaurants, stores, and services along U.S. 61. Delta State University and The Grammy Museum Mississippi, the first Grammy Museum outside of Los Angeles, are located here.
Ashby Parva
Ashby Parva is a village and civil parish in the Harborough district of Leicestershire, England. The parish had a population of 211 according to the 2001 census, increasing to 233 at the 2011 census.  The village is in the west of the district, west of the M1 motorway, and nearby Ullesthorpe, Leire and Bitteswell. It is about 3 miles away from Lutterworth. The village was recorded in the Domesday Book. Ashby Parva is the home of the newly built Midlands Roller Arena, which used to host Major League Roller Hockey Europe competitions in the UK. It is the only purpose built inline hockey arena in the UK that is solely for the use of this one sport and it is used by thousands of athletes every year.

The village's name means 'farm/settlement by the ash trees'. 'Parva' is the Latin word for small.

Lutterworth
Lutterworth is an historic market town and civil parish in the Harborough district of Leicestershire, England. The town is located in southern Leicestershire, close to the borders with Warwickshire and Northamptonshire. It is located 6.5 miles (10.5 kilometres) north of Rugby and 12 miles (19 kilometres) south of Leicester. At the 2021 UK census, Lutterworth had a population of 10,833.
Wei Tao
Wei Tao (Chinese: 韦韬; born April 1970) is a Chinese politician of Zhuang ethnicity, currently serving as acting chairman of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Government, in office since July 2025. Previously, he served as party secretary of Taiyuan.

He was a delegate to the 13th National People's Congress. He is a representative of the 20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party and an alternate of the 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Zhuang people
The Zhuang (/ˈdʒwæŋ, ˈdʒwɒŋ/ ⓘ; Chinese: 壮族; pinyin: Zhuàngzú; Zhuang: Bouxcuengh, [poːu˦˨ ɕeŋ˧], Sawndip: 佈獞) are a Tai-speaking ethnic group who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in Southern China. Some also live in the Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou, and Hunan provinces. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. With the Bouyei, Nùng, Tày, and other Northern Tai speakers, they are sometimes known as the Rau or Rao people. Their population, estimated at 19 million people, makes them the largest minority in China.
Throughflow
In hydrology, throughflow, a subtype of interflow (percolation), is the lateral unsaturated flow of water in the soil zone, typically through a highly permeable geologic unit overlying a less permeable one. Water thus returns to the surface, as return flow, before or on entering a stream or groundwater. Once water infiltrates into the soil, it is still affected by gravity and infiltrates to the water table or if permeability varies laterally travels downslope. Throughflow usually occurs during peak hydrologic events (such as high precipitation). Flow rates are dependent on the hydraulic conductivity of the geologic medium.

Hydraulic conductivity
In science and  engineering, hydraulic conductivity (K, in SI units of meters per second), is a property of porous materials, soils and rocks, that describes the ease with which a fluid (usually water) can move through the pore space, or fracture network. It depends on the intrinsic permeability (k, unit: m2) of the material, the degree of saturation, and on the density and viscosity of the fluid. Saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ksat, describes water movement through saturated media.
By definition, hydraulic conductivity is the ratio of volume flux to hydraulic gradient yielding a quantitative measure of a  saturated soil's ability to transmit water when subjected to a hydraulic gradient.
Hall Carbine Affair
During the American Civil War, John Pierpont Morgan financed the purchase of 5,000 surplus rifles at $3.50 each, which were then sold back to the government for $22 each. The incident became renowned as a scandalous example of wartime profiteering. Interest in the incident was revived in 1910 as an indictment of Morgan.[2]

M1819 Hall rifle
The M1819 Hall rifle was a single-shot breech-loading rifle (also considered something of a hybrid breech and muzzle-loading design) designed by John Hancock Hall, patented on May 21, 1811, and adopted by the U.S. Army in 1819. It was preceded by the Harpers Ferry M1803. It used a pivoting chamber breech design and was made with either flintlock or percussion cap ignition systems. The years of production were from the 1820s to the 1840s at the Harpers Ferry Arsenal. This was the first breech-loading rifle to be adopted in large numbers by any nation's army, but not the first breech-loading military rifle – the Ferguson rifle was used briefly by the British Army in the American Revolutionary War. The Hall rifle remained overshadowed by common muskets and muzzleloading rifles which were still prevalent until the Civil War. The early flintlocks were mostly converted to percussion ignition.
Dora, Cyprus
Dora (Greek: Δορά, Dhora) is a village in the Limassol District of Cyprus, located 6 km southwest of Malia. Built at an elevation of more than 600 meters, Dora "emerges" between two rivers, Ha and Dirizo. From the above, they predate the particular settlement before the consecutive blows of the Turks, the current village stretches at the foot of Mount Kordylas, said to resemble the hat worn by the ancient Carian, and perhaps synifasmenos to who were the first inhabitants of Dora, the Dorians who came to Cyprus through Caria of Asia Minor.

Malia, Cyprus
Malia (Greek: Μαλλιά, Turkish: Malya or Bağlarbaşı) is a village in the Limassol District of Cyprus, located 4 km south of Omodos.

The village is located south of Troodos wine area almost thirty kilometers northwest of the city of Limassol. The village’s name appears to come from the Greek "mallia," meaning "hair." Goodwin claims that "mallia" also means "sheep" in ancient Arcadian dialect. In 1958 Turkish Cypriots adopted the alternative name Bağlarbaşı, literally meaning something like "the best vineyard."
Otoyol 22
Otoyol 22 (English: Motorway 22), abbreviated as O-22 and also known as Bursa–Sivrihisar Otoyolu (English: Bursa–Sivrihisar Motorway), is a partly completed motorway in Turkey that will connect Bursa and Ankara in the future. The motorway starts at the Çağlayan intersection (O-5) and currently ends near Yenişehir at the State road D200.

The remaining section will connect Yenişehir with Sivrihisar  via Bozüyük and Eskişehir. The project includes two tunnels (670m and 3570m), 26 viaducts (all together 13620 m) and 10 intersections. After its completion, the motorway will have a length of about 240 kilometres.

State road D.200 (Turkey)
D.200 is a west-to-east state road in Turkey. It starts at Çanakkale at Dardanelles strait, extending D-550, and ends 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Refahiye, Erzincan Province as it merges into D-100. Since it runs all the way from west to east it crosses some north-to-south state roads, such as D-555, D-565, D-575, D-160, D-650, D-675, D-260, D-750, D-765, D-785, D-795, D-805, D-850 and D-865.
5th Republic (TV series)
5th Republic (Korean: 제5공화국; RR: Je5gonghwaguk) is a 2005 South Korean drama television series that aired on MBC from April 23 to September 1, 2005, on Saturdays and Sundays at 21:40 (KST) for 41 episodes. It takes place during the 1981–1988 Fifth Republic of South Korea under the dictatorship of President Chun Doo-hwan. It follows his rise to power through a military coup to his downfall after a series of democratic movements, including the Gwangju uprising and the June Democratic Uprising.

It is the fifth installment of the Republic series, which began with the 1st Republic TV series in 1981.

Sim Soo-bong
Sim Min-kyung (Korean: 심민경; born July 11, 1955), known professionally as Sim Soo-bong (심수봉), is a South Korean singer. When she was a senior at Myongji University, she debuted in 1978 through MBC College Song Contest (Korean: MBC 대학가요제) at which she performed her self-composed song "Geuddae Geu Saram" (그때 그사람). She was one of the witnesses of the 1979 assassination of South Korean president Park Chung Hee.
Premier League on United States television
The Premier League is the most-watched football league in the world, broadcast in 212 territories to 643 million homes and a potential TV audience of 4.7 billion people. The Premier League is broadcast in the United States through NBC Sports.
Premier League viewership has increased rapidly, with NBC and NBCSN averaging a record 479,000 viewers in the 2014–15 season, up 118% from 2012–13 when coverage still aired on Fox Soccer and ESPN/ESPN2 (220,000 viewers), and NBC Sports has been widely praised for its coverage. NBC Sports reached a six-year extension with the Premier League in 2015 to broadcast the league through the 2021–22 season in a deal valued at $1 billion (£640 million).

BBC Sport
BBC Sport is the sports division of the BBC, providing national sports coverage for BBC television, radio and online. The BBC holds the television and radio UK broadcasting rights to several sports, broadcasting the sport live or alongside flagship analysis programmes such as Match of the Day, Test Match Special, Ski Sunday and Today at Wimbledon. Results, analysis and coverage is also added to the BBC Sport website and through the BBC Red Button interactive television service.
Desprez Opening
The Despréz Opening, also called the Kadas Opening is a chess opening characterised by the opening move:

1.h4

The opening is named after the French player Marcel Despréz. Like a number of other rare openings, 1.h4 has some alternate names such as Anti-Borg Opening, Samurai Opening and Harry's Opening.

As the Despréz Opening is very rare, it is considered an irregular opening and is classified under the A00 code in the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings.

King's Pawn Game
The King's Pawn Game is any chess opening starting with the move:

1. e4

It is the most popular opening move in chess, followed by 1.d4, the Queen's Pawn Game. Black's most common replies are  1...c5 (the Sicilian Defence) and 1...e5, which leads to the Ruy Lopez, Italian Game, and others. Also quite common are 1...e6 (the French Defence) and 1...c6 (the Caro-Kann Defence).
Saint-Sulpice-d'Excideuil
Saint-Sulpice-d'Excideuil (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ sylpis dɛksidœj], literally Saint-Sulpice of Excideuil; Limousin: Sent Soplesí d'Eissiduelh, or Sent Soplesís d'Eissiduelh) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Aquitaine in southwestern France. It is located about 40 km north east of Perigueux.

Périgueux
Périgueux  (/ˌpɛrɪˈɡɜː/, French: [peʁiɡø] ⓘ; Occitan: Peireguers [pejɾeˈɣɥes, pejɾeˈɡœː] or Periguers [peɾiˈɣɥes, peɾiˈɡœː]) is a commune in the Dordogne department, in the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France.

Périgueux is the prefecture of Dordogne, and was the capital city of the historic region of Périgord. It is also the seat of a Roman Catholic diocese.
Hedi Slimane
Hedi Slimane (French pronunciation: [edi sliman]; born 5 July 1968) is a French photographer and couturier. From 2000 to 2007, he was the creative director for Dior Homme (the menswear line of Christian Dior). From 2012 to 2016, he was the creative director for Yves Saint Laurent. From February 2018 to October 2024, Slimane was the creative, artistic and image director of Celine.

Kering
Kering S.A. (French: [kɛːʁiŋ]) is a French multinational holding company specializing in luxury goods, headquartered in Paris. It owns the brands Gucci, Yves Saint Laurent, Balenciaga, Bottega Veneta, Creed, Maui Jim, and Alexander McQueen, among others.

The timber-trading company Pinault S.A. was founded in 1962, by François Pinault. After the company was quoted on Euronext Paris in 1988, it became the retail conglomerate Pinault-Printemps-Redoute (PPR) in 1994. The luxury group was rebranded Kering in 2013. It has been a constituent of the CAC 40 since 1995. François-Henri Pinault has been President of Kering since 2005, and Luca de Meo CEO since September 2025. In 2024, the group's revenue reached €17.2 billion.
Lichte
Lichte (German pronunciation: [ˈlɪçtə] ⓘ) is a village and a former municipality in the district of Sonneberg in Thuringia, Germany, close to the Thuringian Rennsteig. Formerly in the district Saalfeld-Rudolstadt, it is part of the town Neuhaus am Rennweg since January 2019.

Thuringian Highland
The Thuringian Highland, Thuringian Highlands or Thuringian-Vogtlandian Slate Mountains (German: Thüringer Schiefergebirge [ˈtyːʁɪŋɐ ˈʃiːfɐɡəˌbɪʁɡə] ⓘ or Thüringisches Schiefergebirge [ˈtyːʁɪŋɪʃəs -], literally "Thuringian Slate Hills") is a low range of mountains in the German state of Thuringia.
Pawnography
Pawnography is an American game show that aired on History from July 10, 2014, to January 29, 2015. Hosted by comedian Christopher Titus and featuring Pawn Stars personalities Rick Harrison, Corey Harrison and Austin "Chumlee" Russell as panelists, the series featured two  contestants answering questions for a chance to win cash and items for sale from the Gold and Silver Pawn Shop (where Pawn Stars is recorded).

Chumlee
Austin Lee Russell (born September 8, 1982), better known by his stage name Chumlee, is an American businessman and reality television personality, best known for his appearances on the History Channel television show Pawn Stars, which depicts day-to-day business at the Gold and Silver Pawn Shop in Las Vegas where he works. Chumlee went to work at the pawn shop five years before filming the first season, having been a childhood friend of Corey Harrison whose father and grandfather founded the shop.

Chumlee is often portrayed on the show as the comic foil, but he often appraises items in his areas of expertise, including pinball machines, sports memorabilia, sneakers, toys, and video games.
Libellago adami
Libellago adami, Adam's gem, is a species of damselfly in the family Chlorocyphidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.  Its natural habitats are streams and lowland wet zone rivers, where there is fast flowing waters exist. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Chlorocyphidae
Chlorocyphidae is a family of damselflies, commonly known as jewels or heliodors. These are colorful species native to the Old World tropics, where they occur along forest streams. They are most diverse in Southeast Asia.
Acartia hudsonica
Acartia hudsonica is a species of marine copepod belonging to the family Acartiidae. Acartia hudsonica is a coastal, cold water species that can be found along the northwest Atlantic coast.

Acartia hudsonica was originally described as a subspecies of Acartia clausi, but subsequent research concluded it is sufficiently distinct to warrant specific status. It is found in shallow coastal habitats along both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of northern North America

Acartiidae
Acartiidae is a family of calanoid copepods distinguishable by the rostral margin not being extended. They are epipelagic, planktonic animals, not being found below a depth of 500 metres (1,600 ft). There are over 100 described species distributed throughout the world's oceans, mainly in temperate areas.
2014 Karshi Challenger – Doubles
Chen Ti and Guillermo Olaso were the defending champions, but Olaso decided not to compete. Chen Ti played alongside Sriram Balaji and lost in the quarterfinals to Gong Maoxin and Peng Hsien-yin.

Sergey Betov and Alexander Bury won the title, defeating Gong Maoxin and Peng Hsien-yin in the final, 7–5, 1–6, [10–6].

Chen Ti
Chen Ti (Chinese: 陳迪; born 3 October 1983) is a Taiwanese former professional tennis player. He competed mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour and ITF Futures, both in singles and doubles. He was part of the Chinese Taipei Davis Cup team.