hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
E-Notícies
E-Notícies (catalan for "E-News") is a digital newspaper founded in 2000 by journalist Xavier Rius Tejedor, who served as its editor-in-chief until 2023, when he was removed from his position by the new shareholders.

The website, E-Notícies.cat, was launched by Xavier Rius and entrepreneur Eloi Martín, who currently serves as CEO of the publication. After working for newspapers such as El Mundo and La Vanguardia, Rius and Martín aimed to create a digital Catalan-language medium based in Barcelona that distanced itself from the pro-independence narratives prevalent in other Catalan digital outlets.

In October 2023, the newspaper changed ownership. Businessman Álvar Thomas acquired the shares and transferred them to his cousin, Carles Borja, who became the majority shareholder. Arnau Borràs took over as editor.

El Mundo (Spain)
El Mundo (Spanish: [el ˈmundo]; lit. 'The World'), before El Mundo del Siglo Veintiuno, is the second largest printed daily newspaper in Spain. The paper is considered one of the country's newspapers of record along with El País and ABC. In 2024, its number of daily sales was 34,485.
Seiberg duality
In quantum field theory, Seiberg duality, conjectured by Nathan Seiberg in 1994, is an S-duality relating two different supersymmetric QCDs. The two theories are not identical, but they agree at low energies.  More precisely under a renormalization group flow they flow to the same IR fixed point, and so are in the same universality class. It is an extension to nonabelian gauge theories with N=1 supersymmetry of Montonen–Olive duality in N=4 theories and electromagnetic duality in abelian theories.

Superpotential
In theoretical physics, the superpotential is a function in supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Given a superpotential, two "partner potentials" are derived that can each serve as a potential in the Schrödinger equation. The partner potentials have the same spectrum, apart from a possible eigenvalue of zero, meaning that the physical systems represented by the two potentials have the same characteristic energies, apart from a possible zero-energy ground state.
CSM Dacia Orăștie
Club Sportiv Municipal Dacia Orăștie 2010, commonly known as Dacia Orăștie, is a Romanian football club based in Orăștie, Hunedoara County and currently playing in the Liga IV – Hunedoara County, the fourth tier of the Romanian football league system. Dacia Orăștie played seven seasons in second division and fifteen seasons in third division.

Liga IV Hunedoara
Liga IV Hunedoara is the county football division of Liga IV for clubs based in Hunedoara County, Romania. The competition is ranked as the fourth tier of the Romanian football league system and is organized by AJF Hunedoara – Asociația Județeană de Fotbal (lit. 'County Football Association').

It is contested by a variable number of teams, depending on the number of teams relegated from Liga III, the number of teams promoted from Liga V Hunedoara, and the teams that withdraw or enter the competition. The winner may or may not be promoted to Liga III, depending on the result of a promotion play-off contested against the winner of a neighboring county series.
Economy of Manchukuo
This article looks at the economies of Manchukuo and Mengjiang, in the period 1931-1945. The effective Japanese annexation of 1931 led to a colonial system (see Manchukuo (administration)). Japan invested in heavy industry, and to a lesser extent, agriculture.

The General Affairs State Council retained Japanese control of official economic policy. The Central Bank of Manchukou was the national central bank. The Kwantung Army held the highest authority, representing the Emperor of Japan, and the respective ministries of the nominal Manchukou central government were also involved.

German–Japanese industrial co-operation before and during World War II
In the years leading up to the outbreak of World War II in Europe in 1939, there was some significant collaborative development in heavy industry between German companies and their Japanese counterparts as part of the two nation's evolving relations. This was one major factor in Japan's ability to quickly exploit raw materials in the areas of the Empire of Japan that had recently come under their military control.
Defence School of Electronic and Mechanical Engineering
The Defence School of Electronic and Mechanical Engineering (DSEME) is one of four Defence Schools within the Defence College of Technical Training (DCTT) of the British Ministry of Defence. It was formed on 1 Apr 2010 and comprises a Headquarters, the British Army's 8 Training Battalion of the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME), and the REME Arms School all based at MOD Lyneham, and the Royal Air Force's No. 4 School of Technical Training (No. 4 SoTT) also at MOD Lyneham from 2024.

HMS Sultan (1956 shore establishment)
HMS Sultan is a stone frigate of the Royal Navy in Gosport, Hampshire, England.  It is the primary engineering training establishment for the Royal Navy and home to the Network Rail Advanced Apprenticeship Scheme and the EDF Energy engineering maintenance apprenticeship.

The site was originally RAF Gosport it was then transferred to the Royal Navy during 1945 as Royal Naval Air Station Sultan (HMS Siskin) (Hence a nearby school being named Siskin School) it was then renamed HMS Sultan on 1 June 1956 when the airfield side was closed down and a Mechanical Repair Establishment was moved here from the Flathouse area by Portsmouth Dockyard.

The site was also home to HMS Centurion between 1970 and 1994, as a drafting depot and a pay and accounting centre.
Halal certification in the Philippines
Halal literally means "permissible" in Arabic and refers to goods, including food items and services, that are permissible to consume or use under Sharia law. In contrast, haram (lit. "unlawful") refers to goods that are forbidden to consume or use. Despite being a Christian-majority country, the Philippines has a state-sanctioned program to facilitate halal certification of goods under the Halal Act of 2016.

National Commission on Muslim Filipinos
The National Commission on Muslim Filipinos (NCMF; Filipino: Pambansang Komisyon sa mga Pilipinong Muslim; Arabic: اللجنة الوطنية لمسلمي الفلبين, romanized: al-Lajnat al-Wataniat li-Muslimi al-Filibiyn) is a government agency in the Philippines, whose objective is to promote the rights of Muslim Filipinos and to make them active participants in Philippine nation-building.

NCMF was one of the 12 agencies, formerly from the Office of the President which was placed under the supervision of the Cabinet Secretary, based on Executive Order No. 1 issued by President Rodrigo Duterte on July 4, 2016. On October 31, 2018, the Commission, through Executive Order No. 67, was again transferred to the Department of the Interior and Local Government along with the National Youth Commission and the Philippine Commission on Women as part of the reorganization of the Office of the Cabinet Secretary.
Karbovanets
The Karbovanets (Ukrainian: карбованець, romanized: karbovanets', plural: карбованці, karbovantsi for 2–4, or карбованців, karbovantsiv for 5 or more), also colloquially known as kupon (купон, plural: купони, kupony) or coupon from the banknote printing, is a former unit of currency in Ukraine in four separate periods of the 20th century. It is also a predecessor currency of today's Ukrainian hryvnia. The karbovanets was subdivided into one hundred kopiykas, but no denominations in kopiykas were ever issued, owing to inflation.

In the ISO 4217 standard, the official name is listed as either misspelled as karbovanet or correctly spelled as karbovanets likewise to the English version of the National Bank of Ukraine's website refers to it as Karbovanets. The ISO 4217 standard code for the currency is UAK.

Directorate of Ukraine
The Directorate, or Directory (Ukrainian: Директорія, romanized: Dyrektoriia) was a provisional collegiate revolutionary state committee of the Ukrainian People's Republic, initially formed on 13–14 November 1918 during a session of the Ukrainian National Union in rebellion against the Ukrainian State. During the Anti-Hetman Uprising it was named as the Executive Council of the State Affairs. Its authority was extended by the Labor Congress of Ukraine on 23–28 January 1919.

After unsuccessful attempts to gather members of the committee, it dissolved on 10 November 1920. On 12 November 1920 by the Law on the Temporary Supreme Authority and the Legislative System of the UNR, the executive council was reformed into a single-person government position.
Dayu Subdistrict, Weifang
Dayu Subdistrict (Chinese: 大虞街道; pinyin: Dàyú Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in Kuiwen District, Weifang, China. As of 2023, it administers Xingshi Village (邢石村), Youyi Village (友谊村), and the following nine residential communities:

Dayu Community

Dongyuan Community (东园社区)

Fushoujie Community (福寿街社区)

Yuzhong Community (虞中社区)

Dongzhuang Community (东庄社区)

Chenjia Community (陈家社区)

Beiyu Community (北虞社区)

Sunjia Community (孙家社区)

Xuanwudongjie Community (玄武东街社区)

Weifang
Weifang (simplified Chinese: 潍坊; traditional Chinese: 濰坊; pinyin: Wéifāng) is a prefecture-level city in central Shandong province, People's Republic of China. The city borders Dongying to the northwest, Zibo to the west, Linyi to the southwest, Rizhao to the south, Qingdao to the east, and looks out to the Laizhou Bay to the north. Its population was 9,386,705 at the 2020 census, of whom 3,095,520 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made up of four urban districts (Kuiwen, Weicheng, Hanting and Fangzi) and Changle County.

Weifang has numerous natural and historic sites, such as Shihu Garden (from the Late Ming and early Qing dynasty), Fangong Pavilion (from the Song dynasty), fossil sites (including dinosaur fossils, in Shanwang, Linqu), Mount Yi National Forest Park, Mount Qingyun and the Old Dragon Spring. Painted New Year woodcuts from Yangjiabu are also well-known. The city is served by Weifang Airport to various cities across China.
Mother Mother (song)
"Mother Mother" is a song by American musician Tracy Bonham from her debut album, The Burdens of Being Upright (1996). Released on March 12, 1996, it became her most successful single, topping the US Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart, entering the top five in Australia, and finding success in several other countries, including Canada, New Zealand, and Norway. Several formats of the single contain a live cover version of PJ Harvey's "50ft Queenie" as a B-side.

50ft Queenie
"50ft Queenie" is a song by English singer-songwriter PJ Harvey, and the first single from her second studio album, Rid of Me (1993). It is performed by Harvey's trio, consisting of Harvey on vocals and guitar, Rob Ellis on drums and Steve Vaughan on bass. Released in April 1993 by Island Records, the song charted in the United Kingdom and was a top-30 hit, but failed to chart in the United States. A promotional music video directed by Maria Mochnacz was also filmed.
Paleozoic Museum
The Paleozoic Museum was a proposed museum of natural history in Manhattan near Central Park.  Planning and initial construction for the museum proceeded in 1868–1870; English sculptor Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins planned and began creation of the dioramas, and the foundations for an eventual structure were laid at Central Park West and 63rd Street.  The field of paleontology was in its infancy then, but interest was high for a museum displaying the latest findings.  The museum never came to fruition after a combination of political resistance and a bizarre case of vandalism in 1871 that destroyed the dinosaur models that were prepared to be displayed in the museum.

Mosasaur
Mosasaurs (from Latin Mosa meaning the 'Meuse', and Greek σαύρος sauros meaning 'lizard') are an extinct group of large aquatic reptiles within the family Mosasauridae that lived during the Late Cretaceous. Their first fossil remains were discovered in a limestone quarry at Maastricht on the Meuse in 1764. They belong to the order Squamata, which includes lizards and snakes.

During the last 20 million years of the Cretaceous period (Turonian–Maastrichtian ages), with the extinction of the ichthyosaurs and pliosaurs, mosasaurids became the dominant marine predators. They themselves became extinct as a result of the K-Pg event at the end of the Cretaceous period, about 66 million years ago.
Beatty, South Australia
Beatty is a rural locality  in the Australian state of South Australia located in the state's east within the Murray and Mallee region about 126 kilometres (78 mi) north-east of the state capital of Adelaide and about 99 kilometres (62 mi) north  of the municipal seat of Mannum.

It was established in March 2003, when boundaries were formalised for the "long established local name".  It consists of approximately the northern half of the cadastral Hundred of Beatty.

Beatty  is located within the federal division of Barker, the state electoral district of Chaffey and the local government area of the  Mid Murray Council.

Mannum
Mannum  is a historic town on the west bank of the Murray River in South Australia, 84 kilometres (52 mi) east of Adelaide. Mannum is the seat of the Mid Murray Council, and is situated in the state electoral district of Hammond and the federal Division of Barker.
2020 U Sports Men's Basketball Championship
The 2020 U Sports Men's Basketball Championship was held March 6–8, 2020, in Ottawa, Ontario, to determine a national champion for the 2019–20 U Sports men's basketball season.

The Carleton Ravens won their 15th national title, and the gold medal, beating the Dalhousie Tigers in the championship game. The UBC Thunderbirds took the bronze medal over the Western Mustangs. This was the last college basketball championship event to be held in North America before the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic; the 2020 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament would be cancelled four days after Carleton won the tournament.

U Sports men's basketball championship
The U Sports Men's Basketball Championship, branded as the Men's Basketball Final 8, is a Canadian university basketball tournament conducted by U Sports, and determines the men's national champion. The tournament involves the champions from each of Canada's four regional sports conferences. The W. P. McGee trophy is awarded to the winners.

Twenty different schools have won the tournament. Carleton University have the most tournament wins with 17 championships. The University of Victoria has nine championships, Saint Mary’s University, Brandon University, and the University of Windsor have four championships, the University of Alberta, St. Francis Xavier University, and Acadia University have three championships, Brock University, and the University of British Columbia have two championships. Eleven programs are tied with one national championship.
Timofey Mozgov
Timofey Pavlovich Mozgov (Russian: Тимофей Павлович Мозгов, IPA: [tʲɪmɐˈfʲej mɐˈzɡof], born 16 July 1986) is a Russian former professional basketball player. Mozgov won an NBA championship with the Cleveland Cavaliers in 2016, becoming one of the first Russians to do so, alongside then-teammate Sasha Kaun. As a member of the Russian national team, he won the bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics, as well as a bronze medal at EuroBasket 2011. Mozgov signed with the Lakers in 2016 before being traded to the Nets in the 2017 offseason. In the 2018 offseason, he was traded to the Magic before returning to Khimki in 2019.

VTB United League
The VTB United League (Russian: Единая Лига ВТБ) is an international professional men's club basketball league that was founded in 2009. As of the 2025–26 season, it consists exclusively of Russian clubs. Since 2013, it is the first tier of Russian professional club basketball. Therefore, the highest placed Russian team in the league can also be named the Russian national champions. The league is sponsored by Russian state-owned VTB Bank. In 2009 CSKA Moscow won VTB United League Promo-Cup, but this competition does not count as official VTB title. CSKA has dominated the league, having won majority of titles its existence. The VTB United League also holds a youth competition, the VTB United Youth League.
Comer Strait
Comer Strait is a narrow waterway separating the northeastern tip of Southampton Island from the western shore of White Island in Nunavut's Foxe Basin. It is also the western entrance to the Duke of York Bay.

Comer Strait was named for American whaling captain George Comer.

Foxe Basin
Foxe Basin is a shallow oceanic basin north of Hudson Bay, in Nunavut, Canada, located between Baffin Island and the Melville Peninsula. For most of the year, it is blocked by sea ice (fast ice) and drift ice made up of multiple ice floes.

The nutrient-rich cold waters found in the basin are especially favourable to phytoplankton and the numerous islands within it are important bird habitats, including Sabine's gulls and many types of shorebirds. Bowhead whales migrate to the northern part of the basin each summer.

The basin takes its name from the English explorer Luke Foxe who entered the lower part in 1631.
AD/BC: A Rock Opera
AD/BC is a parody rock opera with music by Matt Berry and lyrics by Matt Berry and Richard Ayoade.
It premiered on BBC Three on 21 December 2004.

It was produced by Steve Coogan's production company Baby Cow and features friends and colleagues of the writers, including  The Mighty Boosh's Noel Fielding and Julian Barratt, Julia Davis, Rich Fulcher, and Matt Lucas, as well as Berry and Ayoade themselves.

Shepherd
A shepherd is a person who tends, herds, feeds, or guards flocks of sheep. Shepherding is one of the world's oldest occupations; it exists in many parts of the globe, and it is an important part of pastoralist animal husbandry.

Because the occupation is so widespread, many religions and cultures have symbolic or metaphorical references to shepherds. For example, Jesus called himself the Good Shepherd, and ancient Greek mythologies highlighted shepherds such as Endymion and Daphnis. This symbolism and shepherds as characters are at the center of pastoral literature and art.
Outdoor cooking
Outdoor cooking is the preparation of food in the outdoors. A significant body of techniques and specialized equipment exists for it, traditionally associated with nomadic cultures such as the Berbers of North Africa, the Arab Bedouins, the Plains Indians, pioneers in North America, and indigenous tribes in South America. These methods have been refined in modern times for use during recreational outdoor pursuits, by campers and backpackers.

Currently, much of the work of maintaining and developing outdoor cooking traditions in Westernized countries is done by the Scouting movement and by wilderness educators such as the National Outdoor Leadership School and Outward Bound, as well as by writers and cooks closely associated with the outdoors community.

Portable stove
A portable stove is a cooking stove specially designed to be portable and lightweight, used in camping, picnicking, backpacking, or other use in remote locations where an easily transportable means of cooking or heating is needed. Portable stoves can be used in diverse situations, such as for outdoor food service and catering and in field hospitals.

Since the invention of the portable stove in the 19th century, a wide variety of designs and models have seen use in a number of different applications. Portable stoves can be broken down into several broad categories based on the type of fuel used and stove design: unpressurized stoves that use solid or liquid fuel placed in the burner before ignition; stoves that use a volatile liquid fuel in a pressurized burner; bottled gas stoves; and gravity-fed "spirit" stoves.
Tu Amor (RBD song)
"Tu Amor" is a song written by Diane Warren and recorded by American singer Jon B. for his second studio album Cool Relax (1997). It was later covered by Mexican pop group RBD. It was the first single released from their fourth and first all-English studio album, Rebels (2006). The lead vocals on "Tu Amor" are sung only by Christian Chávez, while the rest of the group provides background vocals on the choruses. "Tu Amor" is a romantic song with a melodic pop style and Latin music influences. The single continued to open doors for RBD, having commercial success in various countries including Japan, Romania, Slovenia, and France, where the group won an award for the song.

MTV Tres
MTV Tres, stylized as Tr3́s, is an American pay television network owned by Paramount Media Networks, a subsidiary of Paramount Skydance Corporation. The channel is targeted toward bilingual Latinos and non-Latino Americans aged 12 to 34, and its programming formerly included lifestyle series, customized music video playlists, news documentaries that celebrate Latino culture, music and artists and English-subtitled programming in Spanish, imported from MTV Spain and MTV Latin America, as well as Spanish-subtitled programming from MTV. The network's logo is rendered as tr3s, with an acute accent over the number 3 (which in the actual audible name is a reversed capital É). Tres broadcasts on an Eastern Time schedule with one national feed for all providers. As of August 2013, MTV Tres was available to approximately 36 million pay television households (totaling 32% of households with television) in the United States.
Kuranakh-Yuryakh
The Kuranakh-Yuryakh (Russian: Куранах-Юрях or Кураанах-Юрэх; Yakut: Кураанах Үрэх, Kuraanax Ürex) is a river in Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia. It is one of the major tributaries of the Omoloy. The river has a length of 203 kilometres (126 mi) —279 km (173 mi) together with the Nyolu— and a drainage basin area of 7,520 square kilometres (2,900 sq mi). The lower stretch of its course is also known as Altan.

The Kuranakh-Yuryakh flows north of the Arctic Circle, across desolate tundra territories of the East Siberian Lowland. Its basin falls within Ust-Yansky and Bulunsky districts.

Braided river
A braided river (also called braided channel or braided stream) consists of a network of river channels separated by small, often temporary, islands called braid bars or, in British English usage, aits or eyots.

Braided streams tend to occur in rivers with high sediment loads or coarse grain sizes, and in rivers with steeper slopes than typical rivers with straight or meandering channel patterns. They are also associated with rivers with rapid and frequent variation in the amount of water they carry, i.e., with "flashy" rivers, and with rivers with weak banks.

Braided channels are found in a variety of environments all over the world, including gravelly mountain streams, sand bed rivers, on alluvial fans, on river deltas, and across depositional plains.
Ramsnest Common
Ramsnest Common is a hamlet in the far south of the Borough of Waverley, the largest district of Surrey, England centred on the A283 1.5 miles (2.4 km) SSW of Chiddingfold village centre between Milford and Petworth in West Sussex which it borders. The area of overwhelmingly rural land, most of which is scattered forest, in particular Killinghurst Great Copse, had no medieval settlement.

Chiddingfold
Chiddingfold is a village and civil parish in the Weald in the Waverley district of Surrey, England. It lies on the A283 road between Milford and Petworth. The parish includes the hamlets of Ansteadbrook, High Street Green and Combe Common.

Chiddingfold Forest, a Site of Special Scientific Interest, lies mostly within its boundaries.
Abdelhafid Kadiri
Abdelhafid Kadiri (1927 – 11 December 2023) was a Moroccan politician of the Istiqlal Party.

Kadiri served as Secretary of State for Agriculture in the government of President of the Governing Council Ahmed Balafrej. He was Minister of Youth and Sport under Prime Minister Maati Bouabid from 1977 to 1981.

Kadiri died on 11 December 2023, at the age of 96.

Ahmed Balafrej
Ahmed Balafrej (Arabic: أحمد بلافريج, romanized: Aḥmad Balāfrīj; September 5, 1908 – April 14, 1990) was the Prime Minister of Morocco between May 12, 1958, and December 2, 1958. He was a significant figure in the struggle for the independence of Morocco.