hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1861 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The 1861 Wisconsin gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1861. Republican Party candidate Louis P. Harvey won the election with 54% of the vote, defeating Democratic candidate Benjamin Ferguson.

This was the first Wisconsin gubernatorial election to take place after the outbreak of the American Civil War, and Wisconsin Republicans joined War Democrats to form the Union Party during the war. Democrats accused them of using patriotism to paper over the state's economic troubles.

Harvey won Calumet County and Kewaunee County; these counties would not vote for a Republican again until 1916 and 1896, respectively.

1916 Wisconsin gubernatorial election
The 1916 Wisconsin gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1916. Primary elections were held on September 5, 1916.

Incumbent Republican Governor Emanuel L. Philipp won the election with 52.93% of the vote, winning his second term as governor. Philipp defeated Democratic Party candidate Burt Williams and Socialist candidate Rae Weaver.
Law enforcement in Indonesia
Law enforcement in Indonesia is mainly performed by the Indonesian National Police (POLRI), together with other law enforcement agencies which are under the president, a certain ministry or State-owned company (BUMN) which perform policing duties for a certain public service, these law enforcement agencies are under supervision and are trained by the Indonesian National Police. The Indonesian National Police is basically the national civilian police force of the country responsible for enforcing law and order of the state.

Detachment 88
Counterterrorism Special Detachment 88 (Indonesian: Detasemen Khusus 88 Antiteror), or Densus 88, is an Indonesian National Police counter-terrorism squad formed on 30 June 2003, after the 2002 Bali bombings. It is funded, equipped, and trained by the United States through the Diplomatic Security Service's Antiterrorism Assistance Program and Australia.

The unit has worked with considerable success against the jihadi terrorist cells linked to Central Java–based Islamist movement Jemaah Islamiyah.
Sermons of John Wesley
This is a list of the sermons of John Wesley, founder of Methodism. The first four volumes of Wesley's sermons include 44 discourses that are of special significance, while later volumes are also studied by Methodists for their doctrinal and moral teachings.

2 Corinthians 2
2 Corinthians 2 is the second chapter of the Second Epistle to the Corinthians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle and Timothy (2 Corinthians 1:1) in Macedonia in 55–56 CE. In this chapter, Paul extends an explanation commenced in chapter 1 as to why he is not visiting Corinth prior to his return journey to Judea.
Thomas Illyricus
Thomas Illyricus (1484/5–1528/9) was a Dalmatian Franciscan theologian, hermit, pilgrim and itinerant preacher who spent most of his life in southern France. He is known for the purported discovery of the venerated image of Our Lady of Arcachon. He gained a substantial following for his prophetic preaching and advocacy of church reform. He later wrote two early critiques of Martin Luther.

Denis Crouzet
Denis Bertrand Yves Crouzet (born 10 March 1953) is a French historian specialising in the history of the early modern period and particularly in the French Wars of Religion during the reformation. He is a professor at Paris-Sorbonne University where he holds the chair in History of the 16th Century. He is married to the historian Elisabeth Crouzet-Pavan.
Ellis and Burnand
Ellis and Burnand was a New Zealand sawmilling and timber retailing company, formed by businessman John William Ellis and engineer Harry Burnand in 1891.

Ellis and Burnand Ltd was incorporated in 1903. They were responsible for felling much of the native bush in the southern Waikato and northern Manawatu-Whanganui regions. Their operations expanded initially to supply the timber needs of the North Island Main Trunk railway as it was extended south. Once the railway opened, new mills were built to exploit previously hard to access areas.

Fletcher Holdings bought the company in 1990, rebranding it as PlaceMakers.

Ellis & Burnand's cutting sites were linked to their sawmills by bush tramways, one of which forms the southern end of the Timber Trail cycleway, opened in 2013.

Bush tramway
In New Zealand railway terminology, a bush tramway is an industrial tramway, most commonly used for logging. They are distinguished from urban trams as bush tramways were predominantly for freight, usually logging in the bush, and not for passengers, and were often built in parts of the countryside that were otherwise inaccessible to transport. In some cases, such as the Kinleith Branch, bush tramways were converted to heavy rail and incorporated into the New Zealand Government Railways network. In modern parlance, both urban trams and bush tramways are known as light rail.
20 Boötis
20 Boötis is a single star in the northern constellation of Boötes, located 183 light years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.84. The star has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 0.154 arc seconds per annum. It is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −8 km/s.

This is an aging K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K3 III. It is a red clump giant, which indicates it is on the horizontal branch and is generating energy through helium fusion at its core. The star is around five billion years old with 1.1 times the mass of the Sun and has expanded to 12 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 52 times the luminosity of the Sun from its swollen photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,472 K.

Horizontal branch
The horizontal branch (HB) is a stage of stellar evolution that immediately follows the red-giant branch in stars whose masses are similar to the Sun's. Horizontal-branch stars are powered by helium fusion in the core (via the triple-alpha process) and by hydrogen fusion (via the CNO cycle) in a shell surrounding the core. The onset of core helium fusion at the tip of the red-giant branch causes substantial changes in stellar structure, resulting in an overall reduction in luminosity, some contraction of the stellar envelope, and the surface reaching higher temperatures.
Erik Schmidt (sailor)
Erik Oluf Preben Schmidt (born 30 April 1939 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian sailor who competed in the Summer Olympic Games, the Pan American Games, the Snipe World Championships, the Star World Championships and the Lightning World Championships.

He is the son of Preben Tage Axel Schmidt (born in 1898 in Frederiksberg, Denmark) and Helene Margrete Jelinski (born in Lyck, East Prussia) and brother of Ingrid, Margrete and Axel Schmidt, also competitive Brazilian sailors. Ingrid is the mother of Torben Grael, Lars Grael, and Axel Grael.

Him and his twin brother Axel Schmidt were known as "the sea twins" after winning 3 Snipe Worlds in a row (1961, 1963 and 1965). They also won the 1959 Pan American Games and finished 2nd in the 1963 Pan American Games in Lightning and third in the 1961 Lightning World Championships. In the Star class, they were 9th at the 1967 Star World Championships.

Open Snipe World Championship
The Open Snipe World Championship is an annual international sailing regatta for Snipe (dinghy), organized by the host club on behalf of the Internal Snipe Class Association and recognized by World Sailing, the sports IOC recognized governing body. The trophy awarded for the World Championship is Commodore Hub E. Isaacks and O'Leary Trophies. The class got recognised status by World Sailing in 1958.
Neutral Water Health Resort Sanitarium
The Neutral Water Health Resort Sanitarium, also known as Dr. Smith's Sanitarium Site, is a historic site located at the junction of Claudius Street and London Avenue in Egg Harbor City in Atlantic County, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 20, 1991 for its significance in archaeology and health/medicine. It includes one contributing building, one contributing site, and three contributing structures. The last remaining building is now known as the Roundhouse Museum, operated by the Egg Harbor City Historical Society.

Egg Harbor City, New Jersey
Egg Harbor City is a city in Atlantic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The city, and all of Atlantic County, is part of the Atlantic City-Hammonton metropolitan statistical area, which in turn is included in the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden combined statistical area and the Delaware Valley. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 4,396, an increase of 153 (+3.6%) from the 2010 census count of 4,243, which in turn reflected a decline of 302 (−6.6%) from the 4,545 counted in the 2000 census.

The city had the seventh-highest property tax rate in New Jersey, with an equalized rate of 5.044% in 2020, compared to 2.560% in the county as a whole and a statewide average of 2.279%.
RavMonE.exe
RavMonE, also known as RJump, is a Trojan that opens a backdoor on computers running Microsoft Windows. Once a computer is infected, the virus allows unauthorized users to gain access to the computer's contents. This poses a security risk for the infected machine's user, as the attacker can steal personal information, and use the computer as an access point into an internal network.

RavMonE was made famous in September 2006 when a number of iPod videos were shipped with the virus already installed. Because the virus only infects Windows computers, it can be inferred that Apple's contracted manufacturer was not using Macintosh computers. Apple came under some public criticism for releasing the virus with their product.

Trojan horse (computing)
In computing, a trojan horse (or simply trojan; often capitalized, but see below) is a kind of malware that misleads users as to its true intent by disguising itself as a normal program.

Trojans are generally spread by some form of social engineering. For example, a user may be duped into executing an email attachment disguised to appear innocuous (e.g., a routine form to be filled in), or into clicking on a fake advertisement on the Internet. Although their payload can be anything, many modern forms act as a backdoor, contacting a controller who can then have unauthorized access to the affected device. Ransomware attacks are often carried out using a trojan.

Unlike computer viruses and worms, trojans generally do not attempt to inject themselves into other files or otherwise propagate themselves.
MIDACO
MIDACO (Mixed Integer Distributed Ant Colony Optimization) is a software package for numerical optimization based on evolutionary computing.
MIDACO was created in collaboration of
European Space Agency and EADS Astrium to solve constrained mixed-integer non-linear (MINLP) space applications.
MIDACO holds several record solutions on interplanetary spaceflight trajectory design problems made publicly available by European Space Agency. MIDACO is included in software packages like TOMLAB, Astos, and SigmaXL.

ASTOS
ASTOS is a tool dedicated to mission analysis, Trajectory optimization, vehicle design and simulation for space scenarios, i.e. launch, re-entry missions, orbit transfers, Earth observation, navigation, coverage and re-entry safety assessments. It solves Aerospace problems with a data driven interface and automatic initial guesses. Since 1989, with the support of the European Space Agency, it has developed, and improved this trajectory optimization environment to compute optimal trajectories for a variety of complex multi-phase Optimal control problems. ASTOS is being extensively used at ESA and aerospace industry community to calculate mission analysis, optimal launch and entry trajectories and was one of the tools used by ESA to assess the risk due to the ATV 'Jules Verne' re-entry. ASTOS is compatible with Windows and Linux platforms and is maintained and commercialized by Astos Solutions GmbH.
Woodside, Nova Scotia
Woodside is an unincorporated middle income urban locality of Dartmouth, within the Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia. The community is divided into North Woodside and South Woodside. Woodside is home to two hospitals: the Dartmouth General Hospital and the Nova Scotia Hospital.

Halifax Regional Centre for Education
The Halifax Regional Centre for Education (formerly the Halifax Regional School Board) is the public school district responsible for 136 elementary, junior high, and high schools located in the Halifax Regional Municipality. The current Regional Executive Director is Steve Gallagher. The district's office is on Spectacle Lake Drive in Dartmouth. On January 24, 2018, the provincial government announced that the Halifax Regional School Board would be dissolved and that kindergarten to grade 12 education services in Halifax would administered by an appointed provincial council.  The Halifax Regional School Board was dissolved on March 31, 2018.
Giacomo Leoni
Giacomo Leoni (Italian: [leˈoːni]; 1686 – 8 June 1746), also known as James Leoni, was an Italian architect, born in Venice. He was a devotee of the work of Florentine Renaissance architect Leon Battista Alberti, who had also been an inspiration for Andrea Palladio. Leoni thus served as a prominent exponent of Palladianism in English architecture, beginning in earnest around 1720. Also loosely referred to as Georgian, this style is rooted in Italian Renaissance architecture.

Having previously worked in Düsseldorf, Leoni arrived in England, where he was to make his name, in 1714, aged 28. His fresh, uncluttered designs, with just a hint of Baroque flamboyance, brought him to the attention of prominent patrons of the arts.

Colonnade
In classical architecture, a colonnade is a long sequence of columns joined by their entablature, often free-standing, or part of a building. Paired or multiple pairs of columns are normally employed in a colonnade which can be straight or curved. The space enclosed may be covered or open. In St. Peter's Square in Rome, Bernini's great colonnade encloses a vast open elliptical space.

When in front of a building, screening the door (Latin porta), it is called a portico. When enclosing an open court, a peristyle. A portico may be more than one rank of columns deep, as at the Pantheon in Rome or the stoae of Ancient Greece.

When the intercolumniation is alternately wide and narrow, a colonnade may be termed "araeosystyle" (Gr. αραιος, "widely spaced", and συστυλος, "with columns set close together"), as in the case of the western porch of St Paul's Cathedral and the east front of the Louvre.
IBM 6400
The IBM 6400 family of line matrix printers were modern highspeed business computer printers introduced by IBM in 1995. These printers were designed for use on a variety IBM systems including mainframes, servers, and PCs.

Line matrix printer
A line matrix printer is a computer printer that is a compromise between a line printer and a dot matrix printer.  A line matrix printer prints page-wide lines of dots at a time, building up a line of text by printing lines of dots.
Farnsworth–Munsell 100 hue test
The Farnsworth–Munsell 100 Hue Color Vision test is a color vision test often used to test for color blindness. The system was developed by Dean Farnsworth in the 1940s and it tests the ability to isolate and arrange minute differences in various color targets with constant value and chroma that cover all the visual hues described by the Munsell color system. There are several variations of the test, one featuring 100 color hues and one featuring 15 color hues. Originally taken in an analog environment with physical hue tiles, the test is now taken from computer consoles. An accurate quantification of color vision accuracy is particularly important to designers, photographers and colorists, who all rely on accurate color vision to produce quality content.

Standard illuminant
A standard illuminant is a theoretical source of visible light with a spectral power distribution that is published. Standard illuminants provide a basis for comparing images or colors recorded under different lighting.
Kundt spacetime
In mathematical physics, Kundt spacetimes are Lorentzian manifolds admitting a geodesic null congruence with vanishing optical scalars (expansion, twist and shear).  A well known member of Kundt class is   pp-wave.  Ricci-flat  Kundt spacetimes in arbitrary dimension are algebraically special.  In four dimensions Ricci-flat  Kundt metrics of Petrov type III and N are completely known.  All VSI spacetimes belong to a subset of the Kundt spacetimes.

Pseudo-Riemannian manifold
In mathematical physics, a pseudo-Riemannian manifold, also called a semi-Riemannian manifold, is a differentiable manifold with a metric tensor that is everywhere nondegenerate.  This is a generalization of a Riemannian manifold in which the requirement of positive-definiteness is relaxed.

Every tangent space of a pseudo-Riemannian manifold is a pseudo-Euclidean vector space.

A special case used in general relativity is a four-dimensional Lorentzian manifold for modeling spacetime, where tangent vectors can be classified as timelike, null, and spacelike.
Susie Lee
Suzanne Marie Lee (née Kelley; born November 7, 1966) is an American politician who has served as the U.S. representative for Nevada's 3rd congressional district since 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, she represents southern Las Vegas and much of unincorporated Clark County.

Full House Resorts
Full House Resorts, Inc. is an American casino developer and operator based in Summerlin South, Nevada. The company currently operates five casinos. It is known for the involvement of Gulfstream Aerospace founder Allen Paulson, who was CEO from 1994 to 2000, and former Chrysler chairman Lee Iacocca, who was a major investor in the company from 1995 to 2013. Dan Lee has been CEO since late 2014.
Aaron Hazzan
Abraham Aaron Bacharach was a writer on religious subjects, and cantor of Posen, hence known also as Aaron Ḥazzan. He flourished during the seventeenth century. He was the author of Urim we-Tummim (Enlightenment and Perfection), an exhortation to morality and piety, with an appendix containing prayers (Amsterdam, 1653).

Hazzan
A hazzan (/ˈhɑːzən/; Hebrew: [χaˈzan], lit. 'hazan') or chazzan (Hebrew: חַזָּן, romanized: ḥazzān, plural ḥazzānim; Yiddish: חזן, romanized: khazn; Ladino: חזן, romanized: hasan) is a Jewish musician or precentor trained in the vocal arts who leads the congregation in songful Jewish prayer. In English, a hazzan is often referred to as a cantor, a term also used in Christianity.

An individual leading a Jewish congregation in public prayer is also called a sh'liaḥ tzibbur (Hebrew: שליח ציבור, lit. 'messenger of the public'). Any person is called a sh'liach tzibbur while leading prayer. However, the term hazzan more commonly refers to someone with formal specialized training in leading prayers or who is appointed to lead prayers regularly in a given synagogue without a formally trained hazzan.
Anthobolus
Anthobolus  is a genus of flowering shrubs  in the sandalwood family, Santalaceae. The genus comprises 3 species, all endemic to Australia. They are dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.

They are semi-parasitic, requiring the roots of a host tree, a trait they share with many other members of the Santalaceae.

The cladistics of this genus is controversial. It has traditionally been included within the Santalaceae, however genetic analyses have led some authors to include it within the Opiliaceae, a move that has been disputed by later authors due to a lack of any shared characteristics with the other members of the Opiliaceae.

Opiliaceae
Opiliaceae is a family of flowering plants comprising 11 genera and 33 known species.  It consists of tropical woody plants. Several genera contain parasitic species. The biggest genus, in number of species and in stature of the individual plants, is Agonandra, the only American genus.

Since it was first described this family has been recognized universally by taxonomists.  The APG II system, of 2003 (unchanged from the APG system, of 1998), also recognizes this family and assigns it to the order Santalales in the clade core eudicots.
Soviet destroyer Svirepy
Svirepy (Russian: Свирепый, lit. 'Fierce') was one of 18 Storozhevoy-class destroyers (officially known as Project 7U) built for the Soviet Navy during the late 1930s. Although she began construction as a Project 7 Gnevny-class destroyer, Svirepy was completed in 1941 to the modified Project 7U design.

With her sea trials cut short by the beginning of Operation Barbarossa in June, Svirepy was assigned to the Baltic Fleet and fought in the Gulf of Riga and the defense of Tallinn, Estonia, providing naval gunfire support to Soviet troops. Escaping relatively unscathed from the evacuation of the latter, she provided fire support during the Siege of Leningrad, though seeing little activity after repairs in early 1942. Postwar, the destroyer continued to serve with the Baltic Fleet, spending much of the late 1940s and early 1950s under refit before being scrapped in the late 1950s.

Storozhevoy-class destroyer
The Storozhevoy class were a group of 18 destroyers built for the Soviet Navy in the late 1930s that were officially known as Project 7U (Uluchshennyy (Improved)). The design was finalised in 1936 after initial disappointments with the Gnevny class. The main changes were unit machinery (four boilers instead of three), a strengthened hull and reduced fuel capacity. The anti-aircraft guns were repositioned to improve firing arcs. The ships fought in World War II.
Imprinting (organizational theory)
In organizational theory and organizational behavior, imprinting is a core concept describing how the past affects the present. Imprinting is generally defined as a process whereby, during a brief period of susceptibility, a focal entity or actor (such as an industry, organization, or an individual) develops characteristics that reflect prominent features of the environment, and these characteristics continue to persist despite significant environmental changes in subsequent periods. This definition emphasizes three key elements of imprinting:

brief sensitive periods of transition during which the focal entity exhibits high susceptibility to external influences;

a process whereby the focal entity comes to reflect elements of its environment during a sensitive period; and

the persistence of imprints despite subsequent environmental changes.

Organizational behavior
Organizational behavior or organisational behaviour (see spelling differences) is the "study of human behavior in organizational settings, the interface between human behavior and the organization, and the organization itself". Organizational behavioral research can be categorized in at least three ways:

individuals in organizations (micro-level)

work groups (meso-level)

how organizations behave (macro-level)

Chester Barnard recognized that individuals behave differently when acting in their organizational role than when acting separately from the organization. Organizational behavior researchers study the behavior of individuals primarily in their organizational roles. One of the main goals of organizational behavior research is "to revitalize organizational theory and develop a better conceptualization of organizational life".
Mozart's starling
For about three years, the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart kept a pet starling. The starling is remembered for the anecdote of how Mozart came to purchase it, for the funeral commemorations Mozart provided for it, and as an example of the composer's affection in general for birds.

Leopold Mozart
Johann Georg Leopold Mozart (14 November 1719 – 28 May 1787) was a German composer, violinist, and music theorist. He is best known today as the father and teacher of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and for his violin textbook Versuch einer gründlichen Violinschule (1756).