hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rostislav Pohlmann
Rostislav Pohlmann (born 1 June 1964) is a Czech Paralympic athlete competing mainly in category F57 throwing events.

Pohlmann has competed at four Paralympics winning at least one medal at each games. He first competed in Atlanta in the 1996 Summer Paralympics where he competed in the discus, javelin and shot put in the F56 class winning the silver medal in the javelin. Four years later in Sydney at the 2000 Summer Paralympics he again competed in the three throwing events, this time in the F57 category, and won another silver medal in the javelin.  In the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Athens he competed in the F57 category in the  shot put and won a bronze medal in the javelin and a gold in the discus. In his fourth games in Beijing he won two bronze medals in the F57/58 discus and javelin having not competed in the shot put.

2000 Summer Paralympics
The 2000 Summer Paralympic Games or the XI Summer Paralympics were held in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, between 18 and 29 October. The Sydney Paralympics was the last time that the Summer Paralympics were organised by two different Organizing Committees. In this edition, a record 3,801 athletes from 123 National Paralympic Committees participated in 551 events in 18 sports. The 2000 Summer Paralympics were the second largest sporting event ever until that date held in Australia and in the Southern Hemisphere. Sydney was the eighth city to jointly host the Olympic and Paralympic Games. However, it was only the fourth to jointly organise both events in complete conjunction with the Olympics. This edition was also the first time that the Paralympics were held in Australia and Oceania.
Victor Kord
Victor George Kord (born 1935) is an American painter and educator. He currently maintains a studio and exhibits in New York City. He previously served as art department chair for several major universities, and remains professor emeritus of painting at Cornell University Department of Art.

Madison Museum of Contemporary Art
The Madison Museum of Contemporary Art  (MMoCA), formerly known as the Madison Art Center, is an independent, non-profit art museum located in downtown Madison, Wisconsin.

MMoCA is dedicated to exhibiting, collecting, and preserving modern and contemporary art. Its mission is to educate and inspire by means of rotating permanent collection exhibitions, special exhibitions, film series, and educational programming. The museum opened in its current home adjacent to the Overture Center for the Arts on April 23, 2006. Both MMoCA and the Overture Center were designed by architect César Pelli.
Deaths in July 1993
The following is a list of notable deaths in July 1993.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Sivas massacre
The Sivas massacre (Turkish: Sivas Katliamı) or Madımak massacre (Turkish: Madımak Katliamı) refers to an act of mob arson taking place on 2 July 1993 at the Hotel Madımak (Otel Madımak) in Sivas, Turkey, which resulted in the killing of 37 people, including about half who were Alevi women and children but also some intellectuals. Two perpetrators also died during the incident. The victims, who had gathered in the hotel for the Pir Sultan Abdal festival, were killed when a mob set fire to the hotel.
Syrmatium
Syrmatium was a formerly accepted genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae (legumes), native to the southwestern United States. As of February 2021, it was considered a synonym of Acmispon by Plants of the World Online, and only Acmispon was recognized by the Jepson eFlora.

Acmispon
Acmispon is a genus of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae (legumes), native to North America and the west coast of Chile in South America. It includes several species of American bird's-foot trefoils and deervetches formerly contained in the globally distributed genus Lotus. The former genus Syrmatium is included in Acmispon. The Jepson eFlora accepts only Acmispon.
2005 BCR Open Romania
The 2005 BCR Open Romania was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 14th edition of the event known that year as the BCR Open Romania, and was part of the International Series of the 2005 ATP Tour. It took place at the Arenele BNR in Bucharest, Romania, from 12 September until 19 September 2006. Unseeded Florent Serra won the singles title.

2005 ATP Tour
This is a list of the tournaments played in the 2005 season of Men's tennis (calendar year), including ATP events and ITF events (This does not include the ITF Men's Circuit, only the ATP circuit). Changes were made to match format during this season. The third set of doubles matches was no longer played as a traditional set. Instead it was played as a match tie break first to 10 and clear by 2, to decide the winner.
Anson F. Keeler
Anson Foster Keeler (September 22, 1887 – September 29, 1943) was a Republican Connecticut State Comptroller from 1933 to 1935, and mayor of Norwalk, Connecticut, from 1927 to 1931. He served in the Connecticut Senate from the 26th district in 1931.

Connecticut State Comptroller
The state comptroller is the chief fiscal guardian of the State of Connecticut. The duties and responsibilities of the state comptroller include, among other things, overseeing state accounting, preparing state financial reports, paying and administering benefits to state employees, settling demands against the state that do not first have to be approved or adjusted by the General Assembly, administering miscellaneous appropriations for employee taxes, insurance, and health services, and administering grants to police, firefighters, and municipalities.

Comptrollers in Connecticut are elected to a term of four years, their election taking place in the same cycle as gubernatorial elections.

The current state comptroller is Sean Scanlon, a Democrat who has served since January 4, 2023.
Ashwin Adhin
Michael Ashwin Satyandre Adhin (born 10 June 1980) is a Surinamese educator, politician, and was the Vice President of Suriname between 2015 and 2020. He is a member of the National Democratic Party. At the age of 35, he became the youngest vice president in the history of Suriname to lead the Council of Ministers. Adhin is a Hindu of Indian descent.

In July 2013, Adhin became Minister of Education in the cabinet of President Dési Bouterse, replacing Shirley Sitaldin. After the 2015 Surinamese general election, in which Adhin was elected to the National Assembly for the electoral district of Paramaribo, he was inaugurated as vice president on 12 August 2015, and served until 16 July 2020. Adhin was succeeded by Ronnie Brunswijk.

Vice President of Suriname
The vice president of Suriname (Dutch: Vicepresident van de Republiek Suriname) is the second-highest political position in Suriname, after the president. The president and the vice president are elected by the National Assembly for five-year terms.

The position of vice president was created in the Constitution of 1987, when the position of prime minister of Suriname was abolished. The vice president is charged with the day-to-day management of the Council of Ministers and is responsible to the President.

The current vice president is Gregory Rusland. He is affiliated with the National Party of Suriname (NPS). Rusland was elected on 6 July 2025 as vice president by acclamation, and inaugurated on 16 July on the Onafhankelijkheidsplein in Paramaribo in a ceremony.
Evgeny Agrest
Evgeny Agrest (born 15 August 1966 in Vitebsk, Belarus) is a Soviet-born Swedish chess grandmaster (1997).

In 1994, he graduated with a degree in Economics and in the same year emigrated to Sweden. He is four-time Swedish champion (1998, 2001, 2003, and 2004), and thrice Nordic champion (2001 jointly with Artur Kogan, 2003 jointly with Curt Hansen, and 2005). In 2010 Agrest tied for 1st–6th in the European Union Championship, taking third place on tiebreak. He played for Sweden in the Chess Olympiads of 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010 and 2014.

As of August 2015, he has been Nils Grandelius's trainer since 2013.

Agrest is married to Woman International Master (WIM) Svetlana Agrest  with both his wife and his daughter playing for the Swedish Women's chess team.

Artur Kogan
Artur Kogan (Hebrew: ארתור קוגן; born 29 January 1974) is a Ukrainian–born Israeli chess grandmaster.

Kogan emigrated from Ukraine to Israel when he was two years old and spent more than 20 years in Israel.  He currently resides in Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.

In 1981–89 he was the winner of town open championships in Israel of Bat Yam, Holon, Rishon LeZion, Petah Tikva, among others.

Among other tournaments, he has won the 1994 Kecskemét, 1996 Formies, 1996 Vlissingen, 1996 Sas Van Gent Open (Netherlands), 1996 Ischia (Italy), 1998 Ljubljana (Slovenia), 1998 Pyramiden Cup (Germany), 1999 Ljubliana, 2000 Almassora (Spain), 2000 Cutro Open (Italy), 2000 Quebec Open, 2001 Nordic Scandinavian Open, 2001 Salou Costa Dorada (Spain), 2002 Genove (Italy), 2003 Lido Estensi, 2005 Paris Open, 2005 Tarragona Open, 2006 Ashdod Open (Israel) and 2011 Torredembarra Open tournaments.

He was awarded the Grandmaster title in 1998.
Snekkersten railway station
Snekkersten station is a railway station serving the district of Snekkersten in the southern outskirts of the city of Helsingør, Denmark.

It is located on the Coast Line between Helsingør and Copenhagen and the Little North Line between Helsingør and Hillerød. The train services on the Coast Line are currently operated by Danish State Railways, whereas the railway company Lokaltog runs frequent local train services between Helsingør station and Hillerød station.

Kystbanen
Kystbanen ("The Coast Line") is a regional railway line between Helsingør (Elsinore) and Copenhagen in Denmark. It was opened in 1897, and is one of the busiest railway lines in Denmark. Kystbanen is operated by Danish State Railways (DSB).

Its original terminus was Østerport Station, but when the station was connected with Copenhagen Central Station in 1917, the terminus moved there. When the Øresund Bridge opened in 2000, service extended to Malmö in Sweden, though the section between Copenhagen and Malmö is a separate railway, the Øresund Line.

The railway services some well-known sights and locations such as Louisiana Museum of Modern Art in Humlebæk, Kronborg Castle in Elsinore, and Dyrehavsbakken in Klampenborg.

Since 2023 Kystbanen has no longer been served by Øresund trains to Sweden, and is instead integrated into DSB's regional train network, with trains continuing from Copenhagen to stations on Zealand.
Jisk'a Chukita
Jisk'a Chukita (Aymara jisk'a little, chukiña to plow for sowing, -ta a suffix, "little plowed (mountain)", also spelled Jiskha Choqueta) is a mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Bolivian Andes, about 4,980 m (16,339 ft) high. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Murillo Province, La Paz Municipality. Jisk'a Chukita lies northwest of Jach'a Chukita and southeast of Kunturiri. Ch'iyar Quta Jawira (Aymara for "black lake river", also spelled Chiar Khota Jahuira) flows along its northern slopes.

Cordillera Real (Bolivia)
The Cordillera Real is a mountain range in the South American Altiplano of Bolivia, forming part of the Andes. This range of fold mountains, largely composed of granite, is located southeast of Lake Titicaca, and east of the Bolivian capital of La Paz. The range stretches 125 km in length and 20 km in width. Even though it is only 17° south of the Equator, the Cordillera Real is relatively densely glaciated. This is due to its proximity to the Amazon lowlands with its associated moist air masses.
Stafford Rural District
Stafford Rural District was a rural district in the county of Staffordshire.  It was created in 1894 and abolished in 1974 by virtue of the Local Government Act 1972.  On formation it contained the following civil parishes:

In 1934 Chartley Holme, Worston and Yarlet were removed whilst Church Eaton, Forton, Gnosall and High Offley were added.

Gnosall
Gnosall (/noʊsəl/) is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Stafford, Staffordshire, England, with a population of 5,040 across 2,300 households (2021 census). It lies on the A518, approximately halfway between the towns of Newport (in Shropshire) and the county town of Staffordshire, Stafford. Gnosall Heath lies immediately south-west of the main village, joined by Station Road and separated by Doley Brook. Other nearby villages include Woodseaves, Knightley, Cowley, Ranton, Church Eaton, Bromstead Heath, Moreton, and Haughton.
Yuriy Badzyo
Yuriy Vasyliovych Badzyo (Ukrainian: Юрій Васильович Бадзьо; 25 April 1936 – 1 September 2018) was a Ukrainian literary critic, activist, and political prisoner. He was the founder of the Democratic Party of Ukraine and its first chairman.

National Writers' Union of Ukraine
The National Writers' Union of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Національна спілка письменників України, romanized: Natsionalna spilka pysmennykiv Ukrainy) (NSPU)) (НСПУ) is a voluntary social-creative association of professional writers, poets, prose writers, playwrights, critics, and translators.
Phanoptis
Phanoptis is a genus of moths of the family Notodontidae. It consists of the following species:

Phanoptis cyanomelas  C. and R. Felder, 1874

Phanoptis donahuei  Miller, 2008

Phanoptis fatidica  (Dognin, 1910)

Phanoptis miltorrhabda  Prout, 1922

Phanoptis taxila  Druce, 1907

Phanoptis vitrina  Druce, 1886

Phanoptis cyanomelas
Phanoptis cyanomelas is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Cajetan and Rudolf Felder in 1874. It is found in Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia and Ecuador.

The larvae feed on Rinorea species.
1956 Lavant Cup
The 8th Lavant Cup was a motor race held on 2 April 1956 at Goodwood Circuit, West Sussex. The race was run over 7 laps, and was won by British driver Roy Salvadori in a Cooper-Climax, setting joint fastest lap in the process. Bob Gerard in a Cooper-Bristol was second and shared fastest lap with Salvadori. John Young was third in a Connaught-Lea Francis.

The race was marred by the death of Bert Rogers, killed when his Tojeiro-Bristol crashed at Lavant Corner.

Cooper Car Company
The Cooper Car Company was a British car manufacturer founded in December 1947 by Charles Cooper and his son John Cooper.  Together with John's boyhood friend, Eric Brandon, they began by building racing cars in Charles's small garage in Surbiton, Surrey, England, in 1946. Through the 1950s and early 1960s they reached motor racing's highest levels as their mid-engined, single-seat cars competed in both Formula One and the Indianapolis 500, and their Mini Cooper dominated rally racing.  The Cooper name lives on in the Cooper versions of the Mini production cars that are built in England, but is now owned and marketed by BMW.
Vallée-aux-Loups
The Vallée-aux-Loups is an estate at 87, rue de Chateaubriand in Châtenay-Malabry (Hauts-de-Seine), within the Vallée-aux-Loups park. It was occupied by François-René de Chateaubriand from 1807 to 1818 and is protected as a historic monument.

Now a departmental cultural institution known as the Maison de Chateaubriand, it is dedicated to Chateaubriand and Romanticism, while also hosting activities open to contemporary authors and the general public.

Veleda
Veleda (fl. AD 69–84) was a seeress of the Bructeri, a Germanic people who achieved some prominence during the Batavian rebellion of AD 69–70, headed by the Romanized Batavian chieftain Gaius Julius Civilis, when she correctly predicted the initial successes of the rebels against Roman legions.
2009 ATP Salzburg Indoors
The 2009 ATP Salzburg Indoors was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament and was part of the 2009 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Salzburg, Austria between 30 November and 6 December 2009.

ATP Salzburg Indoors
The ATP Salzburg Indoors was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was part of the Tretorn SERIE+ of Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. The Challenger Tour would eventually return to Salzburg with the Salzburg Open.
Free response question
A free response question (FRQ) or essay question is a type of open-ended question commonly used in schools to test students' learning, as well as in entrance exams and sometimes as part of job application or screening processes.

Entrance examination
In education, an entrance examination or admission examination is an examination that educational institutions conduct to select prospective students. It may be held at any stage of education, from primary to tertiary, even though it is typically held at tertiary stage.
Hosny Abd Rabo
Hosni Abd Rabbo Abdul Muttalib Ibrahim (Arabic: حسني عبد ربه عبد المطلب إبراهيم; born 1 November 1984) is an Egyptian football manager and a former professional footballer who played as a central or attacking midfielder.

Hosny was usually deployed as a deep-lying playmaker in the midfield for both his club and national sides.

Hosny spent most of his career at his boyhood club Ismaily where he played with the first team for more than 15 seasons. He is also one of the few players to refuse to leave the club to join their rivals Al Ahly.

Hosny also represented the Egypt national team at both youth and senior levels. He was a member of the winning squad of the 2008 and 2010 Africa Cup of Nations and won the Player of the Tournament award in 2008. Hosny was also included in Egypt's 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup squad and played all of his nation's matches during the tournament.

On 16 January 2019, Hosny officially announced his retirement from football at the age of 34.

Shabab Al Ahli Club
Shabab Al-Ahli Club (Arabic: نادي شباب الأهلي, romanized: nādī šabāb al-ʿahlī, lit. 'National Youth Club') is an Emirati professional football club based in Dubai, that currently plays in the UAE Pro League. It is one of the most successful clubs in the UAE.

Al-Ahli FC has won 9 league titles, 11 UAE President Cup titles, 5 ADIB cup titles, 7 UAE super Cup titles, 1 combined league. 1 Emirati-Moroccan Super Cup,1 Qatar–UAE Super Shield, 1 Qatar–UAE Challenge Shield, for a total of 36 titles, making them the second most successful team in the UAE and the most successful team in Dubai. In the latest ranking by the IFFHS, Shabab Al Ahli was ranked the 7th best club in Asia and 110th in the world.

In 2017, the Dubai CSC and Al Shabab merged within Al Ahli, at which point the club renamed itself to Shabab Al Ahli.
The Incredible Crash Dummies (video game)
Between 1992 and 1994, Acclaim Entertainment, under various subsidiaries, published three video games named The Incredible Crash Dummies, based on the line of toys of the same name developed by Tyco Toys.

Software Creations developed two of these. One was on the NES, and another was originally on the Game Boy before being ported by Teeny Weeny Games to Sega's Master System and Game Gear consoles. Gray Matter developed another one that was released for the SNES, Sega Genesis and Amiga. The Nintendo releases were published under LJN, the Sega releases under Flying Edge.

Electronic Gaming Monthly
Electronic Gaming Monthly (EGM) was a monthly American video game magazine. It offered video game news, coverage of industry events, interviews with gaming figures, editorial content and product reviews.
Tremola San Gottardo
The Tremola San Gottardo, located in the Canton of Ticino, is the longest road monument in Switzerland and is listed in the inventory of the historic Swiss roads (IVS). It connects the municipality of Airolo (1175 m a.s.l.) to the Gotthard Pass (2106 m a.s.l.).

One of the highest paved roads in Europe, located on the west side of the Val Tremola, it was constructed with the opening of the roadway of the Gotthard Pass. In its most important stretch, over a length of four kilometers it climbs a height of 300 meters in 24 hairpin bends.

Gotthard Tunnel
The Gotthard Tunnel (German: Gotthardtunnel, Italian: Galleria del San Gottardo) is a 15-kilometre-long (9.3 mi) railway tunnel that forms the summit of the Gotthard Railway in Switzerland. It connects Göschenen with Airolo and was the first tunnel through the Saint-Gotthard Massif in order to bypass the St Gotthard Pass. It was built as single bore tunnel accommodating a standard gauge double-track railway throughout. When opened in 1882, the Gotthard Tunnel was the longest tunnel in the world.

The tunnel rises from the northern portal at Göschenen (1,106 m or 3,629 ft) and the highest point (1,151 m or 3,776 ft) is reached after approximately eight kilometres (5 mi). After two more kilometers, the border between the cantons of Uri and Ticino is passed; after another five kilometres (3 mi), the tunnel ends at the southern portal near to Airolo (1,142 m or 3,747 ft). The trip takes about seven to eight minutes by train. Services are operated by the Swiss Federal Railways.
Grassfire transform
In image processing, the grassfire transform is the computation of the distance from a pixel to the border of a region. It can be described as "setting fire" to the borders of an image region to yield descriptors such as the region's skeleton or medial axis. Harry Blum introduced the concept in 1967.

Digital image processing
Digital image processing is the use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm. As a subcategory or field of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing. It allows a much wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data and can avoid problems such as the build-up of noise and distortion during processing. Since images are defined over two dimensions (perhaps more), digital image processing may be modeled in the form of multidimensional systems. The generation and development of digital image processing are mainly affected by three factors: first, the development of computers; second, the development of mathematics (especially the creation and improvement of discrete mathematics theory); and third, the demand for a wide range of applications in environment, agriculture, military, industry and medical science has increased.
Jonny Greenwood Is the Controller
Jonny Greenwood Is the Controller is a compilation album created by the Radiohead guitarist Jonny Greenwood and released on Trojan Records. Released to commemorate Trojan Records' 40th anniversary, it collects Greenwood's favourite reggae and dub Trojan tracks, from artists including Lee "Scratch" Perry, Joe Gibbs, and Linval Thompson. The title references Thompson's track "Dread Are the Controller".

The album features artwork by the Radiohead artist Stanley Donwood. It received positive reviews.

Stanley Donwood
Dan Rickwood (born 29 October 1968), known professionally as Stanley Donwood, is an English artist and writer. Since 1994, he has created all the artwork for the rock band Radiohead with their singer, Thom Yorke, plus many of Yorke's other projects, including Atoms for Peace and the Smile. In 2002, the pair won a Grammy Award for Best Recording Package for the Radiohead album Amnesiac. Donwood also creates artwork for Glastonbury Festival, and has published books of short stories and a memoir.
Nitrendipine
Nitrendipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is used in the treatment of primary (essential) hypertension to decrease blood pressure and can reduce the cardiotoxicity of cocaine.

It was patented in 1971 and approved for medical use in 1985.

1,4-Dihydropyridine
1,4-Dihydropyridine (DHP) is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CH=CH)2NH.  The parent compound is uncommon, but derivatives of 1,4-dihydropyridine are important commercially and biologically. The pervasive cofactors NADH and NADPH are derivatives of 1,4-dihydropyridine. Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are a class of L-type calcium channel blockers used in the treatment of hypertension. 1,2-Dihydropyridines are also known.