hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2014 Maria Sharapova tennis season
The 2014 Maria Sharapova tennis season officially began on 30 December 2013 with the start of the 2014 WTA Tour. Sharapova began the season, having only played one match since the previous June due to a shoulder injury,  at the Brisbane International. After failing to defend her points during the winter and spring hard court season, Sharapova almost dropped out of the Top 10. She rebounded by dominating the clay court season which saw her win Stuttgart, Madrid and the French Open. Her only loss on clay came to a resurgent Ana Ivanovic. She then won her first hard court title since the 2013 BNP Paribas Open at the China Open. Her season ended on 24 October 2014 following her elimination from the round robin stage at the 2014 WTA Finals in Singapore. She ended the year ranked no. 2 behind Serena Williams.

2014 WTA Tour
The 2014 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2014 tennis season. The 2014 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tournament of Champions). Also included in the 2014 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which was organized by the ITF and did not distribute ranking points.
No. 41 Squadron PAF
No. 41 VIP Communication Squadron nicknamed Albatross is a military communications unit of the Pakistan Air Force. It is part of the 35th Air Mobility Wing, Federal Air Command and is located at PAF Base Nur Khan.

Embraer Phenom 100
The Embraer EMB-500 Phenom 100 is a very light (VLJ) business jet designed and produced by the Brazilian aircraft manufacturer Embraer.
Announced in November 2005, it made its first flight on 26 July 2007 and was awarded a type certificate in December 2008; the first aircraft was delivered the same month. The Phenom 100 has been stretched into the larger Embraer Phenom 300.
Powered by two rear-mounted Pratt & Whitney Canada PW600 turbofans, it can transport four to seven passengers, with a range of 1,178 nautical miles [nmi] (2,182 km; 1,356 mi) with four occupants.
L-Innu Malti
"L-Innu Malti" ('The Maltese Hymn') is the national anthem of Malta. It was written in the form of a prayer to God. Officially adopted in 1964 upon independence from the United Kingdom, the music was composed by Robert Samut, and the lyrics were written by Dun Karm Psaila.

National anthem
A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. Some countries that are devolved into multiple constituent states have their own official musical compositions for them (such as with the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union); their constituencies' songs are sometimes referred to as national anthems even though they are not sovereign states.
2005 Poinsettia Bowl
The 2005 San Diego County Credit Union Poinsettia Bowl was a post-season college football bowl game between the Colorado State Rams and the Navy Midshipmen on December 22, 2005 at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California, United States. The game, which the Midshipmen won with a score of 51–30, was the inaugural edition of the Poinsettia Bowl.

Poinsettia Bowl
32°46′59″N 117°7′10″W﻿ / ﻿32.78306°N 117.11944°W﻿ / 32.78306; -117.11944

The Poinsettia Bowl was an annual college football bowl game held in San Diego, California, from 2005 to 2016. The game was originally played from 1952 to 1955 between military services teams; in 2005 it was re-created by the organizers of the Holiday Bowl. The new Poinsettia Bowl games were played in late December each year at San Diego Stadium. The game's one & only sponsor was the San Diego County Credit Union; it was named the San Diego County Credit Union Poinsettia Bowl.
Phys.org
Phys.org is an online science, research and technology news aggregator which re-publishes press releases and stories from news agencies (a business model known as churnalism). In 2012, PhysOrg.com was changed to Phys.org. As of 2014, Phys.org was posting an average of 98 items per day. It is part of the Science X network of websites, headquartered on the Isle of Man.

News aggregator
In computing, a news aggregator, also termed a feed aggregator, content aggregator, feed reader, news reader, or simply an aggregator, is client software or a web application that aggregates digital content such as online newspapers, blogs, podcasts, and video blogs (vlogs) in one location for easy viewing. The updates distributed may include journal tables of contents, podcasts, videos, and news items.

Contemporary news aggregators include Akregator, Feedly, Inoreader, and Mozilla Thunderbird.
Stephen II of Hungary
Stephen II (Hungarian: II. István; Croatian: Stjepan II.; Slovak: Štefan II.; 1101 – early 1131), King of Hungary and Croatia, ruled from 1116 until 1131. His father, King Coloman, had him crowned as a child, thus denying the crown to his uncle Álmos. In the first year of his reign, Venice occupied Dalmatia and Stephen never restored his rule in that province. His reign was characterized by frequent wars with neighbouring countries.

Chronicon Pictum
The Chronicon Pictum or Illuminated Chronicle (Hungarian: Képes Krónika, Slovak: Obrázková kronika, German: Ungarische Bilderchronik, also referred to as the Illustrated Chronicle, Chronica Hungarorum, Chronicon Hungarie Pictum, Chronica Picta or Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum) is a medieval illustrated chronicle from the Kingdom of Hungary from the 14th century. It represents the artistic style of the royal court of King Louis I of Hungary. The codex is a unique source of art, medieval and cultural history.

The chronicle's full name is: Chronicon Pictum – Marci de Kalt Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum (Illustrated Chronicle – Mark of Kalt's Chronicle About the Deeds of the Hungarians).
2014 Korea Open
The 2014 Korea Open was a women's professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 11th edition of the tournament, which was part of the 2014 WTA Tour. It took place in Seoul, South Korea between 13 September and 21 September 2014. Second-seeded Karolína Plíšková won the singles title.

2014 WTA Tour
The 2014 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2014 tennis season. The 2014 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tournament of Champions). Also included in the 2014 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which was organized by the ITF and did not distribute ranking points.
Offensive Security
Offensive Security (also known as OffSec) is an American international company working in information security, penetration testing and digital forensics. Beginning around 2007, the company created open source projects, advanced security courses, the ExploitDB vulnerability database, and the Kali Linux distribution. OffSec was started by Mati Aharoni, and employs security professionals with experience in security penetration testing and system security evaluation. The company has provided security counseling and training to many technology companies.

OffSec also provides cybersecurity training courses and certifications, such as the Offensive Security Certified Professional (OSCP).

BackTrack
BackTrack was a Linux distribution that focused on security, based on the Knoppix Linux distribution aimed at digital forensics and penetration testing use. In March 2013, the Offensive Security team rebuilt BackTrack around the Debian distribution and released it under the name Kali Linux.
Organizations of the Iranian Revolution
Several organizations, parties and guerrilla groups were involved in the Iranian Revolution. Some were part of Ayatollah Khomeini's network and supported the theocratic Islamic Republic movement, while others did not and were suppressed when Khomeini took power. Some groups were created after the fall of the Pahlavi dynasty and still exist, while others helped overthrow the Shah but no longer exist or have become exiled.

Mohammad-Javad Bahonar
Mohammad-Javad Bahonar (Persian: محمدجواد باهنر‎, 5 September 1933 – 30 August 1981) was an Iranian theologian and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Iran for less than one month, in August 1981. On 30 August, Bahonar and other members of Mohammad-Ali Rajai's government were assassinated by Mujahideen-e Khalq.
Grodzisk Mazowiecki railway station
Grodzisk Mazowiecki railway station is a railway station serving Grodzisk Mazowiecki in Grodzisk Mazowiecki County, Poland. It is classed as Category B on the classification of Polish railway stations and is served exclusively by Koleje Mazowieckie, which runs services from Skierniewice to Warszawa Wschodnia.

It was built as part of the first stage of the Warsaw–Vienna railway: the 30 km (19 mi) stretch from Warsaw to Grodzisk Mazowiecki opened on 14 June 1845. The station became a through station on 15 October 1845 when the line to Skierniewice was opened.

Grodzisk County, Masovian Voivodeship
Grodzisk County (Polish: powiat grodziski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Grodzisk Mazowiecki, which lies 29 kilometres (18 mi) south-west of Warsaw. The county also contains the towns of Milanówek, lying 2 km (1 mi) north-east of Grodzisk Mazowiecki, and Podkowa Leśna, 8 km (5 mi) east of Grodzisk Mazowiecki.

The county covers an area of 366.87 square kilometres (141.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 93,570, out of which the population of Grodzisk Mazowiecki is 31,782, that of Milanówek is 16,334, that of Podkowa Leśna is 3,851, and the rural population is 41,603.
Lincolnshire Gate
Lincolnshire Gate is the name given to a corner in the road between Holywell, Lincolnshire and Pickworth, Rutland to the south-west of Castle Bytham, in Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately 5 miles (8 km) north from Stamford. It describes a point where this small country road crosses the county border between Lincolnshire and Rutland, to pass between Newell Wood and Howitts Gorse.  On either side are the remains of small quarries, worked from the Middle Ages till the early 20th century for building and road stone for nearby use.

Robert's Field, a 10 acres (0.04 km2) calcareous grassland nature reserve and Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), is 250 yards (229 m) to the north.

There are no human settlements at Lincolnshire Gate.

Stamford, Lincolnshire
Stamford is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population at the 2011 census was 19,701 and estimated at 20,645 in 2019. The town has 17th- and 18th-century stone buildings, older timber-framed buildings and five medieval parish churches.

Stamford is a frequent film location. In 2013 it was rated a top place to live in a survey by The Sunday Times. Its name has been passed on to Stamford, Connecticut, founded in 1641.
Birgit Sippel
Birgit Sippel (born 29 January 1960) is a German politician who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since 2009. She is a member of the Social Democratic Party, part of the Party of European Socialists.

European Parliament Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs
The Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs (LIBE) is a committee of the European Parliament that is responsible for protecting civil liberties and human rights, as listed in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.
IBM PS/55
The Personal System/55 (パーソナルシステム/55) or PS/55 is a personal computer series released from IBM Japan in 1987.

The PS/55 is the successor to IBM 5550 (Multistation 5550), but its architecture is based upon IBM PS/2. The first line-up of the series consisted of rebranded 5550 models except the Model 5570-S which was based on the PS/2 Model 80 (IBM 8580). Unlike the PS/2, most PS/55-based models have a 32-bit (80386 or 80486) CPU and Micro Channel (MCA) bus for the high-end business computing market. IBM Japan was hesitating to sell personal computers for consumers because the IBM JX failed. The AT bus model was released for home users in 1991.

Micro Channel architecture
Micro Channel architecture, or the Micro Channel bus, is a proprietary 16- or 32-bit parallel computer bus publicly introduced by IBM in 1987, which was used on PS/2 and other computers until the mid-1990s. Its name is commonly abbreviated as "MCA", although not by IBM. In IBM products, it superseded the ISA bus and was itself superseded by the PCI bus architecture.
Data scrubbing
Data scrubbing is an error correction technique that uses a background task to periodically inspect main memory or storage for errors, then corrects detected errors using redundant data in the form of different checksums or copies of data. Data scrubbing reduces the likelihood that single correctable errors will accumulate, leading to reduced risks of uncorrectable errors.

Data integrity is a high-priority concern in writing, reading, storage, transmission, or processing of data in computer operating systems and in computer storage and data transmission systems. However, only a few of the currently existing and used file systems provide sufficient protection against data corruption.

To address this issue, data scrubbing provides routine checks of all inconsistencies in data and, in general, prevention of hardware or software failure. This "scrubbing" feature occurs commonly in memory, disk arrays, file systems, or FPGAs as a mechanism of error detection and correction.

Bioctl
The bio(4) pseudo-device driver and the bioctl(8) utility to implement a generic RAID volume management interface in OpenBSD and NetBSD.  The idea behind this software is similar to ifconfig, where a single utility from the operating system can be used to control any RAID controller using a generic interface, instead of having to rely on many proprietary and custom RAID management utilities specific for each given hardware RAID manufacturer.  Features include monitoring of the health status of the arrays, controlling identification through blinking the LEDs and managing of sound alarms, and specifying hot spare disks.  Additionally, the softraid configuration in OpenBSD is delegated to bioctl as well; whereas the initial creation of volumes and configuration of hardware RAID is left to card BIOS as non-essential after the operating system has already been booted.  Interfacing between the kernel and userland is performed through the ioctl system call through the /dev/bio pseudo-device.
1919 U.S. National Championships – Men's singles
Bill Johnston defeated Bill Tilden in the final, 6–4, 6–4, 6–3 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1919 U.S. National Championships. It was Johnston's second U.S. Championships singles title, after 1915.

The competition had an unseeded draw of 128 players.

1915 U.S. National Championships – Men's singles
William Johnston defeated Maurice McLoughlin 1–6, 6–0, 7–5, 10–8 in the final to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1915 U.S. National Championships.  The event was held at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, New York in the United States.
Malvern, Johannesburg
Malvern is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. Situated east of the Johannesburg CBD, it lies south of Kensington and north of the industrial suburb of Denver. It is located in Region F of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality and lies just west of Bedfordview in the City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality.

Kensington, Gauteng
Kensington is a hilly suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. It was established in 1897 by Max Langermann (after whom the thoroughfare Langermann Drive is named). It is located in Region F of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality and is bounded to the west by the suburb of Troyeville, to the east by Bedfordview and the north by Bruma and Cyrildene.
Gentianales
Gentianales is an order of flowering plant, included within the asterid clade of eudicots. It comprises more than 20,000 species in about 1,200 genera in 5 families. More than 80% of the species in this order belong to the family Rubiaceae.

Many of these flowering plants are used in traditional medicine. They have been used to treat pain, anxiety, cancers and neurological conditions.

According to molecular clock calculations, the lineage that led to Gentianales split from other plants about 108 million years ago or 81 million years ago.

Gentiana
Gentiana (/ˌdʒɛntʃiˈeɪnə/) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the gentian family (Gentianaceae), the tribe Gentianeae, and the monophyletic subtribe Gentianinae. With over 300 species, it is considered a large genus. Gentians are notable for their mostly large trumpet-shaped flowers, which are often of an intense blue hue, though some are also bright yellow. The type species of the genus is Gentiana lutea.

The genus name is a tribute to Gentius, an Illyrian king who may have discovered tonic properties in gentians.
2023 Davis Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group III
The Asia/Oceania Zone was the unique zone within Group 3 of the regional Davis Cup competition in 2023. The zone's competition was held in round robin format in Colombo, Sri Lanka, from 26 to 29 July 2023.

2024 Davis Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group IV
The Asia/Oceania Zone was the unique zone within Group 4 of the regional Davis Cup competition in 2024. The zone's competition was held in round robin format in Phnom Penh, Cambodia from 10 to 13 July 2024.
Soraru
Soraru (Japanese: そらる, Hepburn: Soraru; born 3 November 1988) is a Japanese male utaite singer and songwriter. He is a member of the music unit After the Rain and is a co-founder of the virtual Youtuber agency, Neo-Porte.

The origin of his name is from the word Sora because he likes to look at the sky and the intonation is the same as panda. In addition, he has said his real name also contains the kanji character for "sky" (空) .

Utaite
Utaite (歌い手) is a Japanese term for amateur singers who post covers on the Internet, especially on sites like Niconico and YouTube. The term utattemita (歌ってみた; lit. 'I tried singing') refers to the genre and culture surrounding covers by utaite, as well as to the cover songs themselves, and is often put into the titles of such videos.
Caja del Rio
Caja del Rio (Spanish: "box of the river") is a dissected plateau, of volcanic origin, which covers approximately 84,000 acres (34,000 ha) of land in northern Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States. The region is also known as the Caja, Caja del Rio Plateau, and Cerros del Rio. The center of the area is approximately 15 miles (24 km) west of Santa Fe, New Mexico. Most of the Caja is owned by the United States Forest Service and managed by the Santa Fe National Forest. Access is through New Mexico Highway 599, Santa Fe County Road 62, and Forest Service Road 24.

Cinder cone
A cinder cone or scoria cone is a steep, conical landform of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as volcanic ash, clinkers, or scoria that has been built around a volcanic vent. The pyroclastic fragments are formed by explosive eruptions or tall lava fountains from a single, typically cylindrical, vent.

As the gas-charged lava is blown violently into the air, it breaks into small fragments that solidify and fall as either scoria which is also referred to cinder and clinker around the vent to form a cone that is often symmetrical, with slopes between 30° and 40° and a nearly circular base. Most cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit.
Ganjam Hill Tracts Agency
Ganjam Hill Tracts Agency was an agency in the Ganjam district of the erstwhile Madras Presidency, British India. It was created by the Act XXIV of 1839 from the 'Maliahs' or Highlands, the tribal lands inhabited by the Khonds and the Soras. The territory consists of the western part of Ganjam district. It was about five-twelfths of the district and had a total area of 3,500 square miles.

When the province of Orissa was created on 1 April 1936, the Ganjam Hill Tracts Agency was partitioned into two, leaving the southern part of the Paralakhemundi State in Madras and the rest of the agency in Orissa Province. Most of the erstwhile Ganjam Hill Tracts Agency lie in the Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh and the Gajapati and Ganjam districts of Odisha.

Paralakhemundi Estate
Parlakhemundi Estate was a Zamindari estate in the Orissa Province, India during the British era. Before the creation of the Orissa province, it was under the Madras Presidency. The state was ruled as an independent kingdom till 1769.The royal family belong to the Krishnatreya gotra Odia Kshatriya and traced their lineage to Eastern Ganga Dynasty. It was a zamindari estate lying in the southwestern portion of Ganjam district, covering an area of 615 square miles. It was bounded in the south by the district of Visakhapatnam and on the west by the Jeypore Estate and the tribal agencies of the Eastern Ghats.

The zamindars were a branch of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty that survived as the rulers of the Paralakhemundi estate, currently part of the Gajapati district, Odisha.
Hjelmslev transformation
In mathematics, the Hjelmslev transformation is an effective method for mapping an entire hyperbolic plane into a circle with a finite radius. The transformation was invented by Danish mathematician Johannes Hjelmslev. It utilizes Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky's 23rd theorem from his work Geometrical Investigations on the Theory of Parallels.

Lobachevsky observes, using a combination of his 16th and 23rd theorems, that it is a fundamental characteristic of hyperbolic geometry that there must exist a distinct angle of parallelism for any given line length. Let us say for the length AE, its angle of parallelism is angle BAF. This being the case, line AH and EJ will be hyperparallel, and therefore will never meet. Consequently, any line drawn perpendicular to base AE between A and E must necessarily cross line AH at some finite distance. Johannes Hjelmslev discovered from this a method of compressing an entire hyperbolic plane into a finite circle.

Angle of parallelism
In hyperbolic geometry, angle of parallelism   is the angle at the non-right angle vertex of a right hyperbolic triangle having two asymptotic parallel sides. The angle depends on the segment length a between the right angle and the vertex of the angle of parallelism.

Given a point not on a line, drop a perpendicular to the line from the point. Let a be the length of this perpendicular segment, and  be the least angle such that the line drawn through the point does not intersect the given line. Since two sides are asymptotically parallel,

There are five equivalent expressions that relate   and a:

where sinh, cosh, tanh, sech and csch are hyperbolic functions and gd is the Gudermannian function.