hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Renzo Martens
Renzo Martens (born 1973 in Terneuzen) is a Dutch artist who currently lives and works in Amsterdam and Kinshasa. Martens became known for his controversial work, including Episode III: Enjoy Poverty (2008), a documentary that suggests that the Congo markets its poverty as a natural resource. In 2010 Renzo Martens initiated the art institute Human Activities that postulates a gentrification program on a palm oil plantation in the Congolese rainforest.

Van Abbemuseum
The Van Abbemuseum (Dutch pronunciation: [vɑn ˈɑbəmyˌzeːjʏm]) in Eindhoven is one of the first public museums for contemporary art to be established in Europe.

The museum’s collection contains over 3,400 artworks. This includes key works and archives by Joseph Beuys, Marc Chagall, René Daniëls, Marlene Dumas, Sheela Gowda, Patricia Kaersenhout, Gülsün Karamustafa, Iris Kensmil, Oskar Kokoschka, John Körmeling, El Lissitzky (of whom it owns one of the largest collections of paintings in the world), Paul McCarthy, Pablo Picasso, Martha Rosler, and Lidwien van de Ven.  The museum has an area of 9,825 m2 and holds one of the largest collections of paintings in the world by El Lissitzky.
The Ethnographic Open-Air Museum of Latvia
The Ethnographic Open-Air Museum of Latvia (Latvian: Latvijas Etnogrāfiskais brīvdabas muzejs) is an open-air museum located just outside Riga, the capital of Latvia, on the lightly wooded shores of Jugla Lake.

Vidzeme
Vidzeme (pronounced [ˈvid̪͡z̪eme]; Old Latvian orthography: Widda-semme, Livonian: Vidūmō) is one of the Historical Latvian Lands. The capital of Latvia, Riga, is situated in the southwestern part of the region. Literally meaning "the Middle Land", Vidzeme is situated in north-central Latvia north of the Daugava River. Sometimes in German, it was also known as Livland, the German form from Latin Livonia, though it comprises only a small part of Medieval Livonia and about half (the Latvian part) of Swedish Livonia. Most of the region's inhabitants are Latvians (85%), thus Vidzeme is the most ethnically Latvian region in the country.

The historic Governorate of Livonia is also larger than Vidzeme, since it corresponds roughly to Swedish Livonia.
Jones polynomial
In the mathematical field of knot theory, the Jones polynomial is a knot polynomial discovered by Vaughan Jones in 1984.  Specifically, it is an invariant of an oriented knot or link which assigns to each oriented knot or link a Laurent polynomial in the variable  with integer coefficients.

Morwen Thistlethwaite
Morwen Bernard Thistlethwaite (born 5 June 1945) is a knot theorist and professor of mathematics for the University of Tennessee in Knoxville. He has made important contributions to both knot theory and Rubik's Cube group theory.
Shuravi
Shuravi, shouravi, or shurwi (Dari: شوروی, Tajik: Шуравӣ) is the Persian term for the word "Soviet" or just "Soviet Union", it has been derived from the word shura (شورا), a word of Arabic origin meaning "council".

This term is also the collective image of Soviet soldiers and military specialists in Afghanistan. The image has been widely spread among Afghan people. A motto "Marg bar shouravi", meaning "death to the Soviets", was popular among mujahideen. Conversely, the motto "Vivat, shuravi!", meaning "long live the Soviets", was adopted by the supporters of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.

Russian veterans of Soviet–Afghan War often call themselves Shuravi. The word is used in Iran meaning "USSR".

Mujahideen
Mujahideen or mujahidin (Arabic: مُجَاهِدِين, romanized: mujāhidīn), is the plural form of mujahid (Arabic: مُجَاهِد, romanized: mujāhid, lit. 'strugglers or strivers, doers of jihād'), an Arabic term that broadly refers to people who engage in jihad (lit. 'struggle or striving [for justice, right conduct, Godly rule, etc.]'), interpreted in a jurisprudence of Islam as the fight on behalf of God, religion or the community (ummah).

The widespread use of the word in English began with reference to the guerrilla-type militant groups led by the Islamist Afghan fighters in the Soviet–Afghan War (see Afghan mujahideen). The term now extends to other jihadist groups in various countries.
Rock Hill/York County Airport
34°59′16″N 081°03′26″W﻿ / ﻿34.98778°N 81.05722°W﻿ / 34.98778; -81.05722

Rock Hill/York County Airport (IATA: RKH, ICAO: KUZA, FAA LID: UZA) is a general aviation and reliever airport of Charlotte-Douglas International Airport located 5 miles (7 km) from the central business district of Rock Hill, in York County, South Carolina, United States. It is owned and operated by the City of Rock Hill, but York County is also represented on the Airport Commission.

The airport was originally referred to as Bryant Field, after South Carolina Aviation Hall of Fame inductee Robert E. Bryant, but the name has since been dropped to avoid confusion with Bryant Field in California.

Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, Rock Hill/York County Airport is assigned UZA by the FAA and RKH by the IATA.

Turboprop
A turboprop is a gas-turbine engine that drives an aircraft propeller.

A turboprop consists of an intake, reduction gearbox, compressor, combustor, turbine, and a propelling nozzle. Air enters the intake and is compressed by the compressor. Jet fuel is then added to the compressed air in the combustor, where the fuel-air mixture then combusts. The hot combustion gases expand through the turbine stages, generating power at the point of exhaust. Some of the power generated by the turbine is used to drive the compressor and electric generator. The gases are then exhausted from the turbine. In contrast to a turbojet or turbofan, the engine's exhaust gases do not provide enough power to create a major portion of the total thrust, since almost all of the engine's power is used to drive the propeller.
Pop Art Festival
The Pop Art Festival is an annual art festival held in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was established in 2017 by the Sarajevo-based cultural association Pogon in cooperation with the Academy of Performing Arts in Sarajevo, the Historical Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the iMTM Institute. It is held in May and lasts for three days.

The festival was founded with the goal of promoting pop cultural and pop artistic expressional forms, as well as promoting Sarajevan urban culture. It runs programmes for design and comic book art, acting and puppetry, painting and statuary and electronic music production. Each programme entails workshops and exhibitions, while the music production programme also hosts a DJ competition.

The festival also showcases student theatre productions from the Academy of Performing Arts, a radio production seminar and organizes an annual exhibition and panel discussion on Hip-hop culture that is held in the Obala Open Scene.

Academy of Performing Arts, Sarajevo
The Academy of Performing Arts in Sarajevo (Bosnian: Akademija scenskih umjetnosti Sarajevo / Академија сценских умјетности Сарајево) is a faculty within the University of Sarajevo in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, dedicated to the performing arts.
Tennessee's 27th Senate district
Tennessee's 27th Senate district is one of 33 districts in the Tennessee Senate. It has been represented by Republican Jack Johnson, the current Senate Majority Leader, since 2023. Prior to redistricting, he represented the 23rd district which was located in the same area as the current 27th district.

Tennessee's 23rd Senate district
Tennessee's 23rd Senate district is one of 33 districts in the Tennessee Senate. It has been represented by Republican Kerry Roberts since 2023. Prior to redistricting, Roberts had represented the 25th district which was located in the same spot as the current 23rd district.
Zieglergasse station
Zieglergasse  is a station on U3 of the Vienna U-Bahn. It is located in the Mariahilf District. It opened in 1993. In this station, the two platforms are not on the same level: the platform for trains bound for Simmering is above, and the platform for trains bound for Ottakring is below.

Ottakring station
Ottakring  is a station on U3 of the Vienna U-Bahn. Beside the U-Bahn station is the Wien Ottakring railway station, which is served by line S45 of the Vienna S-Bahn.

Both stations are located in the Ottakring District. The U-Bahn station opened in 1998.
Tanea zelandica
Tanea zelandica, common name the necklace shell or the New Zealand moon snail, is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a predatory marine gastropod mollusc in the Family Naticidae, the moon snails or necklace shells.

Naticidae
Naticidae, common name moon snails or necklace shells, is a family of medium to large-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha. The shells of the species in this family are mostly globular in shape.

Naticidae is the only family in the superfamily Naticoidea.

It has been estimated that worldwide there are about 260–270 recent species of naticid snails. This group is assumed to have originated in the late Triassic or in the early Jurassic. Members of this family can be recognized by the shape of their shells, distinct appearance, or by their predatory behaviour.
Tahmašši
Tahmašši, or Takhmašši, and also known by his hypocoristicon or pet name: Tahmaya, or Atahmaya was an Egyptian official to pharaoh in the 1350 BC Amarna letters correspondence. His name comes from: 'Ptah-mes', meaning Ptah-Born, or "Born of Ptah".

Tahmašši's name is used in 4 Amarna letters as follows-(EA for 'el Amarna'):

EA 265–Tahmaya, Tahmaya
EA 303–Tahmašši
EA 316–Tahmaya
EA 364–Atahmaya—See Ayyab of Aštartu-(Tell-Ashtara)

Ptah
Ptah (/tɑː/ TAH; Ancient Egyptian: ptḥ, reconstructed [piˈtaħ]; Ancient Greek: Φθά, romanized: Phthá; Coptic: ⲡⲧⲁϩ, romanized: Ptah; Phoenician: 𐤐𐤕𐤇, romanized: ptḥ) is an ancient Egyptian deity, a creator god, and a patron deity of craftsmen and architects. In the triad of Memphis, he is the husband of Sekhmet and the father of Nefertem. He was also regarded as the father of the sage Imhotep.
19 Aquarii
19 Aquarii is a star in the zodiac constellation of Aquarius. With an apparent magnitude of about 5.7, the star is barely visible to the naked eye as a white-hued star (see Bortle scale). Parallax estimates put it at a distance of about 260 light years away from the Sun. The star is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −21 km/s.

This object is an A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A8V. It is around 788 million years old with a fairly fast rotation rate, as its projected rotational velocity is about 155 km/s, so it must be rotating at least that fast. It has 1.86 times the mass of the Sun and 2.76 times the Sun's radius. 19 Aquarii is radiating 26 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 8,078 K. Eggen has this star flagged as a blue straggler and a member of the HR 1614 supercluster.

Blue straggler
A blue straggler is a type of star that is more luminous and bluer than expected.  Typically identified in a stellar cluster, they have a higher effective temperature than the main sequence turnoff point for the cluster, where ordinary stars begin to evolve towards the red giant branch. Blue stragglers were first discovered by Allan Sandage in 1953 while performing photometry of the stars in the globular cluster M3.
Desmoncus
Desmoncus is a genus of mostly climbing, spiny palms native to the Neotropics. The genus extends from Mexico in the north to Brazil and Bolivia in the south, with two species present in the southeastern Caribbean (Trinidad and the Windward Islands).

Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius
Carl Friedrich Philipp (Karl Friedrich Philipp) von Martius (17 April 1794 – 13 December 1868) was a German botanist and explorer. Between 1817 and 1820, he travelled 10,000 km through Brazil while collecting botanical specimens. His most important work was a comprehensive flora of Brazil, Flora Brasiliensis, which he initiated in 1840 and was completed posthumously in 1906.
Vizianagaram Assembly constituency
Vizianagaram Assembly constituency is a constituency in Vizianagaram district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Vizianagaram Lok Sabha constituency.

Pusapati Aditi Vijayalakshmi is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 231,554 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).

Vizianagaram Lok Sabha constituency
Vizianagaram Lok Sabha constituency is one of the twenty-five lok sabha constituencies of Andhra Pradesh in India. As per the Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order (2008), it was formed with seven assembly segments belongs to Vizianagaram and Srikakulam districts .
Éamonn Fitzmaurice
Éamonn Fitzmaurice (born 1977) is an Irish former Gaelic football manager and player. He played at senior level for the Kerry county team and later managed it between 2012 and 2018, during which time he became one of the small number of people to have won All-Ireland SFC titles as a player and as a manager.

He has been involved in 10 All Ireland wins - 1 minor, 2 under 21, 3 senior All Irelands as a player with Kerry, 1 All Ireland club junior with Finuge, 1 All Ireland junior club as coach with Fossa, 1 All Ireland as a selector and 1 All Ireland as a manager with Kerry.

Since departing as Kerry manager, he has continued to write a column with the Irish Examiner and is a co-commentator and analyst on The Sunday Game on RTÉ.

All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The Electric Ireland All-Ireland Minor Football Championship is the premier under-17 "knockout" competition in Gaelic football played in Ireland. 2017 was the final year of the minor under 18 football championship as it was replaced by an under 17 championship following a vote at the GAA congress on 26 February 2016.

The series of games is organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association and is played during the summer months with the All-Ireland Minor Football Final being played on the third Sunday in September in Croke Park, Dublin as the curtain-raiser to the senior final.

The winners received the Tom Markham Cup, which is named in honour of former Clare figure Tom Markham.
Treaty of Bergerac
The Treaty of Bergerac was signed at Bergerac on 14 September 1577 between Henry III of France and Huguenot princes, and later ratified by the Edict of Poitiers on 17 September. This accord was developed after the sixth phase of the French Wars of Religion. The treaty replaced the Edict of Beaulieu, which was deemed by the Catholic League as too favorable to Protestants. Based on the terms of the treaty, Huguenots were only allowed to practice their faith in the suburbs of one town in each judicial district. In Vivarais, the treaty was recognized in late October 1577.

Catholic League (French)
The Catholic League of France (French: Ligue catholique), sometimes referred to by contemporary (and modern) Catholics as the Holy League (La Sainte Ligue), was a major participant in the French Wars of Religion. The League, founded and led by Henry I, Duke of Guise, intended the eradication of Protestantism from Catholic France, as well as the replacement of the French King Henry III, who had acquiesced to Protestant worship in the Edict of Beaulieu (1576). The League also fought against Henry of Navarre, the Protestant prince who became presumptive heir to the French throne in 1584.

Pope Sixtus V, Philip II of Spain, and the Jesuits were all supporters of this Catholic party.
Tableau (card game)
Tableau is a solitaire card game played with two decks of playing cards.

It has a unique layout where all cards are open, and arranged to the left and right of the foundations, similar to Beleaguered Castle, Fortress, and other games in this family like Little Napoleon Patience,  Kings Solitaire, or Fürst Bismarck. It is a game that requires thinking and planning, and typically begins very difficult, and gets easier as you progress.

Solitaire
Solitaire, patience, or card solitaire refer to a genre of card games whose common feature is that the aim is to arrange the cards in some systematic order or, in a few cases, to pair them off in order to discard them. Most are intended for play by a single player, but there are varieties for two or more players.
Contemporary Palestinian art
Contemporary Palestinian art is a term used to describe artwork produced by Palestinians post-1970. It is produced in four main geographic centers: 1) The West Bank and Gaza 2) Israel 3) the Palestinian diaspora across the Arab World 4) the Palestinian diaspora in the United States and Europe. Due to the widespread geographic presence of Palestinians as well as a lack of Palestinian institutions and historical museum infrastructure, contemporary artists focus on highlighting Palestinian identity as opposed to specific territorial claims or centralized cultural institutions. Artists rely on the collective experiences, shared narratives, and symbolic representations of Palestine.

Naji al-Ali
Naji Salim Hussain Al-Ali (Arabic: ناجي سليم حسين العلي, romanized: Nājī Salīm Ḥusayn al-‘Alī; c. 1938 – 29 August 1987) was a Palestinian political cartoonist, noted for the political criticism of the Arab and Israeli regimes in his works. Al-Ali is best known as the creator of the character Handala, a personification of the Palestinian people that has become prominent symbol of Palestinian nationalism and resistance.

One of the best-known cartoonists in the Arab world, and celebrated as the greatest Palestinian cartoon artist, Al-Ali drew over 40,000 cartoons, often reflecting Palestinian and Arab public opinion and offering sharply critical commentaries on Palestinian and Arab politics and political leaders. On 22 July 1987, while outside the London offices of al-Qabas, a Kuwaiti newspaper for which he drew political caricatures, Al-Ali was shot in the neck and mortally wounded. He died five weeks later in Charing Cross Hospital.
Academic Center for Law and Science
The Academic Center for Law and Science (Hebrew: המרכז האקדמי שערי מדע ומשפט), previously Sha'arei Mishpat Academic Center and earlier Sha'arei Mishpat College is a private college in Hod HaSharon, Israel. It was established in 1995. Justice Prof. Menachem Elon was its founder and president for the first eight years of its existence.

The Academic Center of Law and Science offers undergraduate (LLB) and graduate (LLM) degrees in Law, and undergraduate degrees (BA) in accounting; Public administration, government and Law (BA); and administration of health systems.

Hod HaSharon
Hod HaSharon (Hebrew: הוד השרון, lit. 'Splendor of the Sharon') is a city in the Central District of Israel. The city is located approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of the Mediterranean coastline, south of Kfar Saba, southeast of Ra'anana, and northeast of Ramat HaSharon. In 2023 it had a population of 65,393.

Hod HaSharon was officially formed and made a local council in 1964 by the merging of four moshavot: Magdiel, Ramatayim, Kfar Hadar, and Ramat Hadar. The land area of Hod HaSharon is 19.2 square kilometres (7.4 sq mi).
Fesenkov (lunar crater)
Fesenkov is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It is located to the east-southeast of the prominent crater Tsiolkovskiy, and less than a crater diameter to the north of Stark.

This is an eroded feature with an outer rim that has been irregular and somewhat rugged due to a history of lesser bombardments in the vicinity. The interior floor is somewhat uneven, particularly in the eastern half, and there is a central rise at the midpoint. From the outer northeastern rim is a chain of tiny secondary impacts leading to the east, radial to the Tsiolkovsky impact.

Tsiolkovskiy (crater)
Tsiolkovskiy is a large lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon.  Named for Russian scientist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, it lies in the southern hemisphere, to the west of the large crater Gagarin, and northwest of Milne. Just to the south is Waterman, with Neujmin to the south-southwest.  The crater protrudes into the neighbouring Fermi, an older crater of comparable size that does not have a lava-flooded floor.

Tsiolkovskiy has been considered one of the largest craters of the Upper (Late) Imbrian age, although that dating was revised to the Imbrian/Eratosthenian boundary in 2013. A number of sites on its walls and central peak have slopes over 45°, leading some to propose a Late Eratosthenian dating.: 333
Epaena complicatalis
Epaena complicatalis is a species of moth of the  family Thyrididae. It is found in Sumatra, West Malaysia, Brunei, Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak), Kalimantan Timur in lowland to upper montane forest at altitudes of about 1700 m.

The fasciation of this medium-sized (22–38 mm) species is distinctive and not very variable.

Thyrididae
The Thyrididae comprise the family of picture-winged leaf moths. They are the only family in the superfamily Thyridoidea, which sometimes has been included in the Pyraloidea, but this is not supported by cladistic analysis.

Most species live in the tropics and subtropics. They are colourful and often day-flying moths. There are four subfamilies. Their biology is little known. Thyridid specimens are rare in museum collections.
Anthony Rylands
Anthony Brome Rylands (born 1950 in Surrey, England) is a British primatologist. His research focuses on neotropical primates.

He is regarded a pioneer and central figure in the fieldwork on South American primates and comprehensive evaluations of primate taxonomy.

Hershkovitz's marmoset
The Hershkovitz's marmoset (Mico intermedius), also known as the Aripuanã marmoset is a marmoset species endemic to the south-central Amazon rainforest in Brazil. The common name is a reference to American zoologist Philip Hershkovitz.
1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + ⋯
In mathematics, 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + ⋯ is the infinite series whose terms are the successive powers of two. As a geometric series, it is characterized by its first term, 1, and its common ratio, 2. As a series of real numbers it diverges to infinity, so in the usual sense it has no sum.  However, it can be manipulated to yield a number of mathematically interesting results. For example, many summation methods are used in mathematics to assign numerical values even to divergent series. In particular, the Ramanujan summation of this series is −1, which is the limit of the series using the 2-adic metric.

Power of two
A power of two is a number of the form 2n where n is an integer, that is, the result of exponentiation with number two as the base and integer n as the exponent. In the fast-growing hierarchy, 2n is exactly equal to . In the Hardy hierarchy, 2n is exactly equal to .

Powers of two with non-negative exponents are integers: 20 = 1, 21 = 2, and 2n is two multiplied by itself n times. The first ten powers of 2 for non-negative values of n are:

1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, ... (sequence A000079 in the OEIS)

By comparison, powers of two with negative exponents are fractions: for positive integer n, 2−n is one half multiplied by itself n times. Thus the first few negative powers of 2 are ⁠1/2⁠, ⁠1/4⁠, ⁠1/8⁠, ⁠1/16⁠, etc. Sometimes these are called inverse powers of two because each is the multiplicative inverse of a positive power of two.
Urulikunnam
Urulikunnam is a small village near Paika Town in the Meenachil Taluka area of Kottayam District, Kerala, India. It consists of many religious communities.
 Most of the people are farmers.  There is a parish church and temples.  Njandupara and Chengalam are the nearest places.

Meenachil
Meenachil is the north-eastern region of Kottayam district in Kerala, south India. The name originates from Meenakshi, the Hindu Goddess. Pala is the main city in Meenachil. The arterial river of the district is also named Meenachil.