hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adjusted basis
In tax accounting, adjusted basis is the net cost of an asset after adjusting for various tax-related items.

Adjusted Basis or Adjusted Tax Basis refers to the original cost or other basis of property, reduced by depreciation deductions and increased by capital expenditures.

Example: Michael buys a lot for $100,000. He then erects a retail facility for $600,000, then depreciates the improvements for tax purposes at the rate of $15,000 per year. After three years his adjusted tax basis is $655,000 = $100,000 + $600,000 - (3 x $15,000).

Adjusted basis is one of two variables in the formula used to compute gains and losses when determining gross income for tax purposes. The Amount Realized –  Adjusted Basis tells the amount of Realized Gain (if positive) or Realized Loss (if negative).

Tax basis
Under U.S. federal tax law, the tax basis of an asset is generally its cost basis. Determining such cost may require allocations where multiple assets are acquired together.  Tax basis may be reduced by allowances for depreciation.  Such reduced basis is referred to as the adjusted tax basis.  Adjusted tax basis is used in determining gain or loss from disposition of the asset. Tax basis may be relevant in other tax computations.

Tax basis of a member's interest in a partnership and other flow-through entity is generally increased by the members share of income and reduced by the share of loss. The tax basis of property acquired by gift is generally the basis of the person making the gift. Tax basis in property received from corporations or partnerships may be the corporation's or partnership's basis in some cases.
St Mary's Church, Hardmead
St Mary's Church is a redundant Anglican church in the village of Hardmead, Buckinghamshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building, and is under the care of the Friends of Friendless Churches.

Friends of Friendless Churches
Friends of Friendless Churches (FoFC), also referred to as 'The Friends', is a registered charity formed in 1957, active in England and Wales, which campaigns for and rescues redundant historic places of worship threatened by demolition, decay, or inappropriate conversion.  As of December 2025, the charity cares for over 70 redundant churches, chapels, and meeting houses in England and Wales.
Van Buren Township, Michigan
Van Buren Township is a charter township in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A western suburb of Detroit, Van Buren Township is located roughly 28 miles (45.1 km) southwest of downtown Detroit, and 17 miles (27.4 km) southeast of Ann Arbor. As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 30,375. It surrounds, but is independent of, the city of Belleville.

Belleville Lake is a principal geographic feature, and the township is also home to Willow Run Airport, which extends into neighboring Ypsilanti Township.

Charter township
A charter township is a form of local government in the U.S. state of Michigan. While all townships in Michigan are organized governments, a charter township has been granted a charter, which allows it certain rights and responsibilities of home rule that are generally intermediate between those of a city (a semi-autonomous jurisdiction in Michigan) and a village. Unless it is a home-rule village, a village is subject to the authority of any township in which it is located.

Of Michigan's 1,240 townships, 143 are charter townships. A number of charter townships are among the most populous municipalities in Michigan. For example, Clinton Township and Canton Township, both in Metro Detroit, were respectively the 8th and 9th most populous municipalities in Michigan at the 2020 census. The most recent township to become a charter township is Brady Township in Kalamazoo County, which adopted charter status on January 3, 2024.
Zaccagnaite
Zaccagnaite is a mineral, with a formula Zn4Al2CO3(OH)12·3H2O. It occurs as white hexagonal crystals associated with calcite in cavites in Carrara marble of the Italian Alps and is thought to have formed by hydrothermal alteration of sphalerite in an aluminium rich environment.  It is named after Domenico Zaccagna (1851–1940), an Italian mineral collector.

Sphalerite
Sphalerite is a sulfide mineral with the chemical formula (Zn, Fe)S. It is the most important ore of zinc. Sphalerite is found in a variety of deposit types, but it is primarily in sedimentary exhalative, Mississippi-Valley type, and volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits. It is found in association with galena, chalcopyrite, pyrite (and other sulfides), calcite, dolomite, quartz, rhodochrosite, and fluorite.

German geologist Ernst Friedrich Glocker discovered sphalerite in 1847, naming it based on the Greek word sphaleros, meaning "deceiving", due to the difficulty of identifying the mineral.

In addition to zinc, sphalerite is an ore of cadmium, gallium, germanium, and indium. Miners have been known to refer to sphalerite as zinc blende, black-jack, and ruby blende. Marmatite is an opaque black variety with a high iron content.
January 29 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 28 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 30

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 11 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 29th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 16.

Ashot I of Iberia
Ashot I the Great (Georgian: აშოტ I დიდი ashot I didi) (died 826/830) was a presiding prince of Iberia (modern Georgia), first of the Bagratid family to have attained to this office c. 813. From his base in Tao-Klarjeti, he fought to enlarge the Bagratid territories and sought the Byzantine protectorate against the Arab Muslim encroachment until being murdered c. 826. Ashot is also known as Ashot I Kouropalates for the Byzantine title of kouropalates that he bore. A patron of Christian culture and a friend of the church, he has been canonized by the Georgian Orthodox Church.
Arbalest
The arbalest (also arblast), a variation of the crossbow, came into use in Europe around the 12th century.
The arbalest was a large weapon with a steel prod, or bow assembly. Since the arbalest was much larger than earlier crossbows, and because of the greater tensile strength of steel, it had a greater force. The greater draw weight was offset by a shorter draw length, which limited the total potential energy that could be transferred into the crossbow bolt. A skilled arbalestier (arbalester) could loose two bolts per minute.

Crossbow bolt
A bolt or quarrel is a dart-like projectile used by crossbows.  The word quarrel is from the Old French quarrel (> French carreau) "square thing", specialized use as quarrel d'arcbaleste (> carreau d'arbalète) "crossbow quarrel", referring to their typically square heads. Although their lengths vary, bolts are typically shorter and heavier than traditional arrows shot with longbows.
1551 Argelander
1551 Argelander (provisional designation 1938 DC1) is a background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 24 February 1938, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Turku Observatory in southwest Finland. The likely S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 4.1 hours. It was named after German astronomer Friedrich Argelander.

Yrjö Väisälä
Yrjö Väisälä (Finnish: [ˈyrjø ˈʋæi̯sælæ] ⓘ; 6 September 1891 – 21 July 1971) was a Finnish astronomer and physicist.

His main contributions were in the field of optics. He was also active in geodetics, astronomy and optical metrology. He had an affectionate nickname of Wizard of Tuorla (Observatory/Optics laboratory), and a book with the same title in Finnish describes his works. His discoveries include 128 asteroids and 3 comets.

His brothers were mathematician Kalle Väisälä (1893–1968) and meteorologist Vilho Väisälä (1889–1969). His daughter Marja Väisälä (1916–2011) was an astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

Väisälä was a fervent supporter of Esperanto, presiding over the Internacia Scienca Asocio Esperantista ("International Association of Esperanto Scientists") in 1968.
2006–07 New Jersey Nets season
The 2006–07 New Jersey Nets season was the team's 40th in the NBA. They began the season hoping to improve upon their 49–33 output from the previous season. However, they came eight wins shy of tying it, finishing 41–41. In the playoffs, the Nets upset Vince Carter's former team, the Toronto Raptors in the first round but could not defeat the eventual Eastern Conference champion, the LeBron James-led Cleveland Cavaliers in the next round. The Nets remain the last team with a 0.500 record to win a playoff series. The Nets had the thirteenth best team defensive rating in the NBA.

This season marked the Nets' final playoff appearance in New Jersey, and the Nets would not return to the playoffs until 2013, when they relocated to Brooklyn, New York. Following the season, Clifford Robinson retired.

2005–06 New Jersey Nets season
The 2005–06 New Jersey Nets season was the team's 39th season in the NBA. Without Brian Scalabrine, who was signed as a free agent with the Boston Celtics in the offseason, they began the season hoping to improve upon their 42-40 output from the previous season. They bested it by seven wins, finishing 49-33 and qualifying for the playoffs for the fifth consecutive season. The Nets lost in the second round to the eventual champions, the  Miami Heat.
DOST–PAGASA Mindanao Planetarium
The DOST–PAGASA Mindanao Planetarium, also known as the MPRSD Planetarium, is a planetarium in El Salvador, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. It is under the Mindanao PAGASA Regional Services Division (MPRSD) of PAGASA of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST). It is the first planetarium in Mindanao.

PAGASA
The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (full name: Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration) (Filipino: Pangasiwaan ng Pilipinas sa Serbisyong Atmosperiko, Heopisiko at Astronomiko), abbreviated as PAGASA or DOST-PAGASA, is the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) agency of the Philippines mandated to provide protection against natural calamities and to ensure the safety, well-being and economic security of all the people, and for the promotion of national progress by undertaking scientific and technological services in meteorology, hydrology, climatology, astronomy and other geophysical sciences. Created on December 8, 1972, by reorganizing the Weather Bureau, PAGASA now serves as one of the Scientific and Technological Services Institutes of the Department of Science and Technology.
Pulmosphaeria
Pulmosphaeria is a genus of fungi in the Xylariales order of the Ascomycota. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Pulmosphaeria archontophoenicis.

Xylariales
The Xylariales are an order of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes (also known as Pyrenomycetes), subdivision Pezizomycotina, division Ascomycota. It was the original order of the subclass Xylariomycetidae. Xylariales was circumscribed in 1932 by Swedish mycologist John Axel Nannfeldt, and Xylariomycetidae by Ove Erik Eriksson and Katarina Winka in 1997.
Vladimirs Babičevs
Vladimirs Babičevs (born 22 April 1968) is a Latvian football manager and a former footballer. Currently, he is the manager of the Latvia national under-19 football team.

Babičevs has played 51 matches for Latvia internationally.

Latvian Higher League
Latvian Higher League or Virslīga, also known as TonyBet Virslīga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Latvia and the highest level of the Latvian football league system. Organised by the Latvian Football Federation, the league is contested by ten clubs.
Minuscule 569
Minuscule 569 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), A 151 (in the Soden's numbering), is a Greek minuscule illuminated manuscript Gospel book, on parchment. It is dated by a Colophon to the year 1061. It was labelled by Scrivener as 475. The manuscript has complex contents.

Gospel Book
A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: Εὐαγγέλιον, Evangélion) is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazareth and the roots of the Christian faith. The term is also used for a liturgical book, also called the Evangeliary, from which are read the portions of the Gospels used in the Mass and other services, arranged according to the order of the liturgical calendar.

Liturgical use in churches of a distinct Gospel book remains normal, often compulsory, in Eastern Christianity, and very common in Roman Catholicism and some parts of Anglicanism and Lutheranism.
Eight Anthologies
The Eight Anthologies, known as Eṭṭuttokai (Tamil: எட்டுத்தொகை) or "Eight Collections" in the literature, is a classical Tamil poetic work that forms part of the Eighteen Greater Texts (Patiṉeṇmēlkaṇakku) anthology series of the Sangam Literature. The Eight Anthologies and its companion anthology, the Ten Idylls (Pattuppāṭṭu), is the oldest available Tamil literature. According to Kamil Zvelebil, a scholar of Tamil literature and history, dating these Eight Anthologies or their relative chronology is difficult, but the scholarship so far suggested that the earliest layers were composed sometime between the 1st century BCE and 2nd century CE, while the last layers were completed between 3rd and 5th century CE.

Colophon (publishing)
In publishing, a colophon (/ˈkɒləfən, -fɒn/) is a brief statement containing information about the publication of a book such as an "imprint" (the place of publication, the publisher, ISBN and the date of publication).

A colophon may include the device (logo): 69  of a printer or publisher. Colophons are traditionally printed at the ends of books (see History below for the origin of the word), but sometimes the same information appears elsewhere (when it may still be referred to as colophon) and many modern (post-1800) books bear this information on the title page or on the verso of the title leaf, which is sometimes called a biblio page or (when bearing copyright data) the copyright page.
Somebody to Love (30 Rock)
"Somebody to Love" is the sixth episode of the second season of 30 Rock, and the twenty-seventh episode overall. It was written by Kay Cannon and the series' creator, Tina Fey, and was directed by Beth McCarthy. The episode first aired on November 15, 2007 on the NBC network in the United States. Guest stars in this episode include Fred Armisen, Kevin Brown, Grizz Chapman, Edie Falco, John Lutz, Maulik Pancholy, and Kristen Wiig.

The episode focuses on Jack Donaghy's (Alec Baldwin) first meeting with Celeste "C.C." Cunningham (Edie Falco), (played in a movie-of-the-week by Kristen Wiig); Liz Lemon (Tina Fey) believes that her new neighbor, Raheem Haddad (Fred Armisen), is a terrorist; and Kenneth Parcell (Jack McBrayer) accidentally loses a pair of Jack's trousers. Kristen Wiig makes an appearance in a movie-of-the-week as C.C. Cunningham.

30 Rock season 2
The second season of 30 Rock, an American television comedy series, originally aired between October 4, 2007, and May 8, 2008, on NBC in the United States.

The second season of the show received overwhelmingly positive reviews from critics, with some calling it the best show on television. The season was nominated for 17 Emmy Awards, a number that broke the record for the most nominations for a comedy series, meaning that 30 Rock was the most nominated comedy series for any individual Emmy year in history.

It was originally set to include 22 episodes, but due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike, it was shortened to 15 episodes.  The 30 Rock season two DVD box set was released in Region 1 on October 7, 2008, and subsequently released in regions 2 and 4.
Geoffrey Kloske
Geoffrey Kloske (born 1969) is the president and publisher of Riverhead Books, a division of Penguin Group. He served as vice president and executive editor of Simon & Schuster from 1998 to 2006.  Previously, he was an editor at Little, Brown and Company from 1992 to 1996. Authors he has edited include David Sedaris, Dave Eggers, Bob Dylan, Sarah Vowell, Jon Ronson, Nick Hornby, James McBride (writer), and Mark Kurlansky.

He was named "It" Editor by Entertainment Weekly and one of "35 under 35" by New York Magazine in 2001.

Dave Eggers
Dave Eggers (born March 12, 1970) is an American writer, editor, and publisher. His 2000 memoir, A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius, became a bestseller and was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction. Eggers is also the founder of several literary and philanthropic ventures, including the literary journal Timothy McSweeney's Quarterly Concern, the literacy project 826 Valencia, and the human rights non-profit organisation Voice of Witness. Additionally, he founded ScholarMatch, a program that connects donors with students needing funds for college tuition. His writing has appeared in publications including The New Yorker, Esquire, and The New York Times Magazine.
Michael Davis (philosopher)
Michael Davis (born 6 February 1943) is an American philosopher specializing in professional ethics. He is Professor of Philosophy at the Illinois Institute of Technology, and Senior Fellow at its Center for the Study of Ethics in the Professions.

Davis is the author of several books, including Accountability in the Professions (1995), Profession, Code, and Ethics (2002), and Engineering Ethics (2005).

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Kirchheim in Schwaben
Kirchheim or Kirchheim in Schwaben (German pronunciation: [ˈkɪʁçhaɪm ʔɪn ˈʃvaːbn̩], lit. 'Kirchheim in Swabia') is a municipality and a market town in the district of Unterallgäu in the region of Swabia (Schwaben) in the south-west of Bavaria, Germany.
The town was greatly influenced by the Fugger family. North-east of the town lies the Augsburg Western Woods Nature Park.

Besides the town of Kirchheim, the municipality encompasses the villages of Derndorf, Hasberg, Spöck und Tiefenried. The town has a municipal association with Eppishausen of which it is the capital and place of administration.

The town lies 38 kilometres (24 mi) south-west of Augsburg, 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of Munich.

Augsburg Western Woods Nature Park
The Augsburg-Western Woods Nature Park (German: Naturpark Augsburg-Westliche Wälder) is one of the two nature parks in Bavarian Swabia. The 1988 founded park has a size of 1,175 km2 (454 mi2).
The nature park is bordered by the rivers Danube, Wertach, Schmutter, Flossach and Mindel. The biggest part of it is located in Augsburg (district) and extends to the edge of the districts Unterallgäu, Günzburg (district) and Dillingen (district).
Álvaro Núñez (footballer, born 1973)
Álvaro Adrián Núñez Moreira (born 11 May 1973) is a Uruguayan retired footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

He also has a Spanish passport, having spent over a decade playing in the country mainly with Numancia (eight years, 83 La Liga games).

1999 Copa América
The 1999 Copa América was a football tournament held in Paraguay, from 29 June to 18 July. It was organized by CONMEBOL, South America's football governing body.

In order to bring the number of competing teams to twelve, CONMEBOL invited CONCACAF's Mexico, accepting their fourth invitation, and AFC's Japan, who made their debut at the tournament. Japan thus became the first country outside of Americas to participate at the Copa América. Uruguay fielded a youth team.
WASP-33b
WASP-33b is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star HD 15082. It was the first transiting planet discovered to orbit a Delta Scuti variable star. With a semimajor axis of 0.026 AU (3.9 million km; 2.4 million mi) and a mass likely greater than Jupiter's, it belongs to the hot Jupiter class of planets.

Hot Jupiter
Hot Jupiters (sometimes called hot Saturns) are a class of gas giant exoplanets that are inferred to be physically similar to Jupiter (i.e. Jupiter analogues) but that have very short orbital periods (P < 10 days). The close proximity to their stars and high surface-atmosphere temperatures resulted in their informal name "hot Jupiters".

Hot Jupiters are the easiest extrasolar planets to detect via the radial-velocity method, because the oscillations they induce in their parent stars' motion are relatively large and rapid compared to those of other known types of planets. One of the best-known hot Jupiters is 51 Pegasi b. Discovered in 1995, it was the first extrasolar planet found orbiting a Sun-like star. 51 Pegasi b has an orbital period of about four days.
Bushcare Group
A Bushcare Group is a volunteer group that conducts bush regeneration to aid biodiversity conservation on  public or private bushland in Australia.

Bushcare groups have arisen due to rising community support for conservation and this has driven the allocation of native vegetation remnants to conservation through ecological restoration.

There are numerous Bushcare Groups in Australia working as volunteers to restore remnant patches of native bushland on public lands. For example, in the Blue Mountains just outside Sydney, there are now 50 such Bush Regeneration Groups working to restore bushland. Most suburban councils are involved in bushcare to varying degrees, either by employing professional staff or facilitating volunteer involvement. Around Australia Natural Resource Management Boards and Non Government Organisations offer training and equipment to community volunteers.

Bush regeneration
Bush regeneration, a form of natural area restoration, is the term used in Australia for the ecological restoration of remnant vegetation areas, such as through the minimisation of negative disturbances, both exogenous such as exotic weeds and endogenous such as erosion. It may also attempt to recreate conditions of pre-European arrival, for example by simulating endogenous disturbances such as fire. Bush regeneration attempts to protect and enhance the floral biodiversity in an area by providing conditions conducive to the recruitment and survival of native plants.
Pedro E. Pico
Pedro E. Pico (27 July 1882 – 12 November 1945) was an Argentine dramatist, lawyer, journalist, and screenwriter. His plays such as La polca del espiante and ¡Para eso se paga! were performed at the Teatro de la Comedia, and he later wrote several plays with Samuel Eichelbaum including Un romance turco (A Turkish Romance) (1920) and La Juana Figueroa (1921).

In the 1940s he became a successful screenwriter. At the 1944 Argentine Film Critics Association Awards, he won the Silver Condor Award for Best Adapted Screenplay with Manuel Agromayor and Alfredo de la Guardia for Juvenilia.

Silver Condor Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
The Silver Condor Award for Best Adapted Screenplay  (Spanish: Premio Cóndor de Plata al mejor guion adaptado), given by the Argentine Film Critics Association, awards the best adapted screenplay in film in Argentina each year: