hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1978 United States Senate election in Wyoming
The 1978 United States Senate election in Wyoming was held on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Republican Senator Clifford Hansen declined to seek a third term in office. Former State Representative Alan K. Simpson, the son of former Senator Milward Simpson, won a contested Republican primary and faced Raymond B. Whitaker, the 1960 Democratic nominee for the Senate, in the general election. Despite a favorable environment for Republicans nationwide, Simpson's performance decreased considerably from Hansen's 1972 landslide. Nonetheless, he easily defeated Whitaker, winning 62% of the vote to Whitaker's 38%.

1972 United States Senate election in Wyoming
The 1972 United States Senate election in Wyoming was held on November 7, 1972. Incumbent Republican Senator Clifford Hansen ran for re-election to a second term. He was challenged by Democratic nominee Mike Vinich, a former aide to Congressman Teno Roncalio and a bar owner in Hudson. As Hansen ran for re-election, President Richard Nixon was overwhelmingly defeating Democratic presidential nominee George McGovern in Wyoming. Hansen managed to outperform even Nixon, winning his second term in a landslide over Vinich.
Chinese people in Réunion
Chinois Réunionnais, also referred to in Réunion Creole as Sinwà Rényoné, are ethnic Chinese people residing in Réunion Island, a French overseas department situated in the Indian Ocean. As of 2000, roughly 25,000 or more lived on the island, making them one of the region's largest Chinese communities along with Sino-Mauritians, Sino-Seychellois, Chinese South Africans and Chinese people in Madagascar. As per 2021 census, it is estimated that 50,000 or more Overseas Chinese people now live in Réunion.

Chinese people in Madagascar
Chinese people in Madagascar (Chinese: 馬達加斯加華人, Malagasy: Sinoa eto Madagasikara) are a minority ethnic group of Madagascar and form Africa's third largest overseas Chinese population with a population estimated at between 70,000 and 100,000 in 2011. They are divided between local Chinese population called "Sinoa zanatany" who arrived during the French colonization, speaking mostly Malagasy dialects, located in eastern and southeastern part of Madagascar and post-colonial Chinese migrants speaking mostly Mandarin who live mainly in the capital Antananarivo.
2025 in arthropod paleontology
In 2025, several new arthropod fossil taxa, including arachnids, crustaceans, trilobites, and other arthropods (for insects, see 2025 in paleoentomology) were announced or described. Other significant arthropod paleontological discoveries and events also occurred in 2025.

Crown group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. It is thus a way of defining a clade, a group consisting of a species and all its extant or extinct descendants. For example, Neornithes (birds) can be defined as a crown group, which includes the most recent common ancestor of all modern birds, and all of its extant or extinct descendants.

The concept was developed by Willi Hennig, the formulator of phylogenetic systematics, as a way of classifying living organisms relative to their extinct relatives in his "Die Stammesgeschichte der Insekten",
and the "crown" and "stem" group terminology was coined by R. P. S. Jefferies in 1979. Though formulated in the 1970s, the term was not commonly used until its reintroduction in 2000 by Graham Budd and Sören Jensen.
Dani García (footballer, born 1974)
Daniel 'Dani' García Lara (born 22 December 1974) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a striker.

During his professional career he played for five teams in his country, also having short spells in Greece and Turkey. Having represented both Real Madrid and Barcelona, he amassed La Liga totals of 208 matches and 40 goals over 12 seasons.

2003–04 Copa del Rey
The 2003–04 Copa del Rey was the 102nd staging of the Copa del Rey.

The competition began on 24 August 2003 and concluded on 17 March 2004 with the final, held at the Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys in Barcelona, in which Zaragoza lifted the trophy following a 3–2 victory over Real Madrid after extra time. The final match was played six days after the 2004 Madrid train bombings and three days after the 2004 Spanish general election.
Strada statale 18 Tirrena Inferiore
The strada statale 18 "Tirrena Inferiore" (SS 18) an Italian state highway 406.15 kilometres (252.37 mi) long in Italy located in the regions of Campania, Basilicata and Calabria. It is among the longest and most important state highways in southern Italy, considering that it follows the Tyrrhenian coast, from Salerno to Reggio di Calabria.

Vibo Valentia
Vibo Valentia (Italian: [ˈviːbo vaˈlɛntsja] ⓘ; Monteleone before 1861; Monteleone di Calabria from 1861 to 1928; Calabrian: Vibbu Valenzia or Muntalaùni) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Italian region of Calabria, near the Tyrrhenian Sea. It is the capital of the province of Vibo Valentia, and is an agricultural, commercial and tourist center (the most famous places nearby are Tropea, Ricadi and Pizzo). There are also several large manufacturing industries, including the tuna district of Maierato. Very important for the local economy is Vibo Marina's harbour.
Peugeot 3008
The Peugeot 3008 is a compact crossover SUV manufactured and marketed by Peugeot. It was first presented to the public in Dubrovnik, Croatia in 2008, and then again in 2010 at the Mondial de l'Automobile in Paris, by the French manufacturer Peugeot. It was launched in April 2009 as the successor to the Peugeot 4007 and Peugeot 4008, and it fills a gap in Peugeot's model lineup between the Peugeot 308, with which it shares its platform, and the Peugeot 5008, its larger counterpart. The second-generation model, which is based on an EMP2 platform first seen on the second-generation Peugeot 308, was released in May 2016, with the vehicle being available as of January 2017. The third-generation model released in September 2023, it is based on the Stellantis' SLTA Medium platform, shared with a wider range of other Stellantis vehicles.

Head-up display
A head-up display or heads-up display, also known as a HUD (/hʌd/) or head-up guidance system (HGS), is any transparent display that presents data without requiring users to look away from their usual viewpoints. The origin of the name stems from a pilot being able to view information with the head positioned "up" and looking forward, instead of angled down looking at lower instruments. A HUD also has the advantage that the pilot's eyes do not need to refocus to view the outside after looking at the optically nearer instruments.

Although they were initially developed for military aviation, HUDs are now used in commercial aircraft, automobiles, and other (mostly professional) applications.

Head-up displays were a precursor technology to augmented reality (AR), incorporating a subset of the features needed for the full AR experience, but lacking the necessary registration and tracking between the virtual content and the user's real-world environment.
Želivka Water Tunnel
Želivka Water Tunnel (Czech: Vodní tunel Želivka) is a water tunnel in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.  At 51.97 kilometres long, it is the sixth longest water tunnel in the world. It was finished in 1972.

Water tunnel (physical infrastructure)
Water tunnels are tunnels (below-ground channels) used to transport water to areas with large populations or agriculture. They are frequently part of aqueducts. Some aqueducts, such as the Delaware Aqueduct are single long tunnels. In other cases, such as the San Jacinto Tunnel on the Colorado River Aqueduct, water tunnels form parts of far longer aqueducts.  In cases where the outflow of a water tunnel is into an existing stream or river flowing to the point of water use, the term aqueduct is less likely to be used, as with the Harold D. Roberts Tunnel from Dillon Reservoir to the North Fork South Platte River.
Zeugophora scutellaris
Zeugophora scutellaris, known generally as the poplar blackmine beetle or cottonwood leaf-mining beetle, is a species of megalopodid leaf beetle in the family Megalopodidae. It is found in Europe and Northern Asia (excluding China) and North America.

Megalopodidae
The Megalopodidae are a small family of leaf beetles, previously included as a subfamily within the Chrysomelidae. One of its constituent subfamilies, Zeugophorinae, has also frequently been treated as a subfamily within Chrysomelidae. The family contains approximately 30 genera worldwide, primarily in the nominate subfamily Megalopodinae, and mostly circumtropical.

The larvae of some species are leaf miners on various host plants. Other larvae feed on stem-tissue or pollen grains of conifer strobili. Once fully grown, the larva drops to the ground and pupates.
The Stanley Hotel
The Stanley Hotel is a 140-room Georgian Revival hotel in Estes Park, Colorado, United States, about 5 miles (8.0 km) from the entrance to Rocky Mountain National Park. The hotel is considered one of America's most haunted hotels. It includes a restaurant, spa, and bed-and-breakfast; with panoramic views of Lake Estes, the Rockies, and Longs Peak.

In May 2025, it was reported that the century-old hotel had been acquired by The Stanley Partnership for Art Culture and Education for $400 million. It is a public-private partnership formed by CEFCA (Colorado Educational and Cultural Facilities Authority), former owner John Cullen IV now chairman of the ownership board, and private bond investors.

Ochre
Ochre (/ˈoʊkər/ OH-kər; from Ancient Greek  ὤχρα (ṓkhra) from  ὠχρός (ōkhrós) 'pale') is a family of natural clay earth pigments, made up of ferric oxide and varying amounts of clay and sand, ranging in colour from yellow to deep orange or brown. The term is also used for the colours produced by this pigment, especially a light brownish-yellow. A variant of ochre containing a large amount of hematite, or dehydrated iron oxide, has a reddish tint known as red ochre (or, in some dialects in England, ruddle). The term "ochre" is colloquially used to cover a range of different substances used for their colours in Aboriginal Australian art and ceremonial decoration, for instance the clay known as "white ochre" or "pipe clay" is derived from kaolin or gypsum.
Shipwrecks of the inland Columbia River
Steamboats on the Columbia River system were wrecked for many reasons, including striking rocks or logs ("snags"), fire, boiler explosion, or puncture or crushing by ice.  Sometimes boats could be salvaged, and sometimes not.

Willamette Falls
The Willamette Falls is a natural waterfall in the northwestern United States, located on the Willamette River between Oregon City and West Linn, Oregon. The largest waterfall in the Northwest U.S. by volume, it is the seventeenth widest in the world. Horseshoe in shape, it is 1,500 feet (455 m) wide and forty feet (12 m) high, with a flow rate of 30,850 cu ft/s (874 m3/s). Located 26 miles (42 km) upriver from the Willamette's mouth at Portland, Willamette Falls is a culturally significant site for many tribal communities in the region.

Opened in 1873 and closed since 2011, the Willamette Falls Locks allowed boat traffic on the Willamette to pass into the main Willamette Valley.
Giado concentration camp
The Giado concentration camp was a forced labor concentration camp for Italian and Libyan Jews in Giado, Libya (now called Jadu), operating during the Second World War from May 1942 until its liberation by British troops in January 1943. The camp was established on the orders of Benito Mussolini, the Prime Minister of Italy. At the time, Libya was under Italian colonial control and was known as Italian Libya.

Of the 2,600 Jews who were imprisoned there, 562 died, mostly from hunger and louse-borne typhus. Due to its poor conditions, Giado had the highest death toll of all the North African labor camps in World War II, and its victims make up the highest number of Jewish victims of World War II in the Muslim world.

Gharyan
Gharyan is a city in northwestern Libya, in Jabal al Gharbi District, located 80 km south of Tripoli. Gharyan is one of the largest towns in the district. Prior to 2007, it was the administrative seat of Gharyan District.

In 2005, the population of Gharyan was estimated at 170,000, and it had grown to over 187,000 by 2011.
St Mary's Church, Lambourn Woodlands
St Mary's Church is a redundant Anglican church in the hamlet of Lambourn Woodlands in the English county of Berkshire.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.  The church stands on the south side of the B4000 road, some 2 miles (3 km) south of Lambourn.

Lambourn
Lambourn /ˈlæmbɔːrn/ is a village and civil parish in Berkshire, England. It lies just north of the M4 Motorway between Swindon and Newbury, and borders Wiltshire to the west and Oxfordshire to the north. After Newmarket it is the largest centre of racehorse training in England, and is home to a rehabilitation centre for injured jockeys, an equine hospital, and several leading jockeys and trainers. To the north of the village are the prehistoric Seven Barrows and the nearby long barrow. In 2004 the Crow Down Hoard was found close to the village.
Gay Street, West Sussex
Gay Street is a hamlet in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. It lies on the North Heath to West Chiltington road 1.9 miles (3.1 km) northeast of Pulborough.

The signpost for nearby Gay Street Lane, relating in modern language to homosexuality has often been stolen or damaged.

West Chiltington
West Chiltington is a village and civil parish in the Horsham district of West Sussex, England. It lies on the Storrington to Broadford Bridge road, 2.6 miles (4.2 km) north of Storrington.

The parish covers an area of 1733 hectares (4279 acres). In the 2001 census 3315 people lived in 1476 households, of whom 1383 were economically active. At the 2011 Census the population of Nutbourne was included and totalled 3,375.
Brereton, Barbados
Brereton is a village in Saint Philip Parish in Barbados. Brereton is named for John Brereton, who traveled to Barbados in 1654.

Brereton is situated nearby to Bentleys, which is in Christ Church Parish, and to the west of Six Cross Roads. It is also 15 minutes' drive from Grantley Adams International Airport.

Sites of public interest in and immediately around the village include the Sunbury Plantation Great House, Foursquare Rum Brewery, the Hunterspring live music venue, and several bars.

13°07′N 59°30′W﻿ / ﻿13.117°N 59.500°W﻿ / 13.117; -59.500

Bentleys
Bentleys is a village in Saint Philip Parish in Barbados. Prior to 1981, it was one of the over 600 plantations tenantries for which the Barbados government legislated to have them convert into rural freehold villages.
Dwarf spiral galaxy
A dwarf spiral galaxy is the dwarf version of a spiral galaxy.  Dwarf galaxies are characterized as having low luminosities, small diameters (less than 5 kpc), low surface brightnesses, and low hydrogen masses. The galaxies may be considered a subclass of low-surface-brightness galaxies.

Dwarf spiral galaxies, particularly the dwarf counterparts of Sa–Sc type spiral galaxies, are quite rare.  In contrast, dwarf elliptical galaxies, dwarf irregular galaxies, and the dwarf versions of Magellanic type galaxies (which may be considered transitory between spiral and irregular in terms of morphology) are very common.

It is suggested that dwarf spiral galaxies can transform into dwarf elliptical galaxies, especially in dense cluster environments.

Galaxy morphological classification
Galaxy morphological classification is a system used by astronomers to divide galaxies into groups based on their visual appearance. There are several schemes in use by which galaxies can be classified according to their morphologies, the most famous being the Hubble sequence, devised by Edwin Hubble and later expanded by Gérard de Vaucouleurs and Allan Sandage. However, galaxy classification and morphology are now largely done using computational methods and physical morphology.
Meredith Goldstein
Meredith Goldstein is an advice columnist and entertainment reporter for The Boston Globe. Her love advice column "Love Letters" appears daily on Boston.com and in the Globe’s print edition every Tuesday, Friday, Saturday, and in the Sunday Magazine.

Goldstein's first novel, The Singles, was released by Penguin/Plume on April 24, 2012. The novel was optioned for film by Lime Orchard Productions, which is run by Stacey Lubliner and actress Jami Gertz.

In March 2016, Grand Central Publishing acquired a memoir based on Goldstein's Love Letters column. "Can't Help Myself: Lessons and Confessions From a Modern Advice Columnist" was released April 3, 2018. The book was reviewed in 2018 by both Publishers Weekly and Kirkus.

Goldstein's first young adult novel, Chemistry Lessons, was released June 19, 2018 with Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

Goldstein was born in New Jersey, raised in Highland, Maryland, went to Syracuse University, and now lives in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts.

Jami Gertz
Jami Beth Gertz (/ˈdʒeɪmi/ JAY-mee; born October 28, 1965) is an American actress and businesswoman. Gertz had roles in the films Crossroads, Quicksilver (both 1986), Less than Zero, The Lost Boys (both 1987), and the 1980s TV series Square Pegs and 1996's Twister, as well as roles as Judy Miller in the CBS sitcom Still Standing and as Debbie Weaver in the ABC sitcom The Neighbors. She is an owner of the Atlanta Hawks basketball team along with her husband Tony Ressler.
Vetrilo Rocks
Vetrilo Rocks (Bulgarian: скали Ветрило, romanized: skali Vetrilo, IPA: [skɐˈli vɛˈtriɫo]) is the group of rocks lying in an aquatory of 27 ha that extends 970 m in west-southwest to east-northeast direction and 485 m in south-southeast to north-northwest direction in the Wauwermans Islands group of Wilhelm Archipelago in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Their surface area is 27 ha.

The feature is so named because of its shape supposedly resembling a hand fan ('vetrilo' in Bulgarian), and in association with other descriptive names of islands in the area.

Wauwermans Islands
Wauwermans Islands is a group of small, low, snow-covered islands forming the northernmost group in the Wilhelm Archipelago. Discovered by a German expedition 1873–74, under Dallmann. Sighted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Gerlache, and named for Lieutenant General Wauwermans, president of the Société Royale Belge de Géographie, a supporter of the expedition.
Thesis (Matthew Shipp and Joe Morris album)
Thesis is an album by the American jazz pianist Matthew Shipp, featuring a duo with guitarist Joe Morris, recorded in 1997 and released on the Swiss hatOLOGY label. Shipp played previously with the Joe Morris Ensemble on the album Elsewhere, but Thesis represents their first collaboration with Shipp as a leader.

Elsewhere (Joe Morris album)
Elsewhere is an album by the American jazz guitarist Joe Morris, recorded in 1996 and released on Homestead. The Joe Morris Ensemble features pianist Matthew Shipp's regular trio with bassist William Parker and drummer Whit Dickey. Morris and Shipp played together once with violinist Mat Maneri in Boston four or five years before.
Mutare Airport
Mutare Airport (IATA: UTA, ICAO: FVMU) is an airport serving Mutare, the fourth largest city in Zimbabwe and the capital of Manicaland province.

The Mutare non-directional beacon (Ident: MU) is located on a ridgeline 4.5 nautical miles (8.3 km) northeast of the field.

Mutare
Mutare, known as Umtali until 1982, is the capital and largest city in the province of Manicaland. It is the third-largest city in Zimbabwe. Having surpassed Gweru in the 2012 census, with an urban population of 224,802 and approximately 260,567 in the surrounding districts, Mutare adds to the wider metropolitan area a total population of over 500,000 people. Mutare is also the capital of Manicaland Province and the largest city in eastern Zimbabwe.

Located near the border with Mozambique, Mutare has long been a centre of trade and a key terminus en route to the port of Beira (in Beira, Mozambique). Mutare is hub for trade with railway links, pipeline transport and highways linking the coast with Harare and Zimbabwe's interior. Other traditional industries include timber, papermaking, commerce, food processing, telecommunications, and transportation. In addition the city serves as a gateway to the scenic Eastern Highlands, nearby Gorongosa National Park, and the Mozambique coast.
Włościbórz, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Włościbórz [vwɔɕˈt͡ɕibuʂ] (German: Lustebuhr) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dygowo, within Kołobrzeg County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south of Dygowo, 15 km (9 mi) south-east of Kołobrzeg, and 107 km (66 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 310.

Dygowo
Dygowo [dɨˈɡɔvɔ] (German: Degow) is a village in Kołobrzeg County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Dygowo. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) east of Kołobrzeg and 110 km (68 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 1,549.
The Butterfly (novel)
The Butterfly is a hard-boiled novel by author James M. Cain published by Alfred A. Knopf in 1947. The story is set in rural West Virginia in the late 1930s and concerns a mystery surrounding an apparent case of father and daughter incest.

Though Cain was at the height of his literary success at the time of the novel's publication, the taboo subject of the tale precluded a Hollywood adaption. In 1982, the novel was adapted as a movie as Butterfly.

The Butterfly is among Cain's most commercially successful novels.

Serenade (novel)
Serenade is a novel by James M. Cain published in 1937 by Alfred A. Knopf. and one of four Cain novels to feature opera as a plot device.

Loosely based on Bizet's Carmen, the story explores the sources of artistic development, in particular the role played by sexual orientation in the development of artistic talent.
Regarded as one of his most significant works, Serenade has been called "Cain's finest sustained piece of writing."
2001 PBA Commissioner's Cup finals
The 2001 PBA Commissioner's Cup finals was the best-of-7 championship series of the 2001 PBA Commissioner's Cup and the conclusion of the conference's playoffs. The Red Bull Thunder and  San Miguel Beermen played for the 79th championship contested by the league.

Red Bull won the Commissioner's Cup title in only their second season and fifth conference. The Thunder defeated the Beermen, winners of five of the last six conferences, in game six for a 4-2 series victory.

Danny Ildefonso won on his second back-to-back season MVP in Commissioner's Cup.

Davonn Harp won on his first finals MVP in Commissioner's Cup finals.

2001 PBA Commissioner's Cup
The 2001 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) PBA Commissioner's Cup was the second conference of the 2001 PBA season. It started on June 2 and ended on August 24, 2001. The tournament is an import-laden format, which requires an import or a pure-foreign player for each team.