hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
FOMP
The magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy of a ferromagnetic crystal can be expressed as a power series of direction cosines of the magnetic moment with respect to the crystal axes. The coefficient of those terms is the constant anisotropy. In general, the expansion is limited to a few terms. Normally the magnetization curve is continuous with respect to the applied field up to saturation but, in certain intervals of the anisotropy constant values, irreversible field-induced rotations of the magnetization are possible, implying first-order magnetization transition between equivalent magnetization minima, the so-called first-order magnetization process (FOMP).

Saturation (magnetic)
sheet steel

silicon steel

cast steel

tungsten steel

magnet steel

cast iron

nickel

cobalt

magnetite

Seen in some magnetic materials, saturation is the state reached when an increase in applied external magnetic field H cannot increase the magnetization of the material further, so the total magnetic flux density B more or less levels off. (Though, magnetization continues to increase very slowly with the field due to paramagnetism.) Saturation is a characteristic of ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials, such as iron, nickel, cobalt and their alloys.  Different ferromagnetic materials have different saturation levels.
Aleksey Dyumin
Aleksey Gennadyevich Dyumin (Russian: Алексей Геннадьевич Дюмин; born 28 August 1972) is a Russian politician serving as Secretary of the State Council since 2024. Previously, he served as the chief security guard and assistant of Russian president Vladimir Putin before being promoted to lead the Russian military's Special Operations Forces, where he oversaw the annexation of Crimea in 2014. The following year, he became Deputy Minister of Defense. From 2016 to 2024, he served as the Governor of Tula Oblast. He holds the rank of lieutenant general and was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.

Awards of the Federal Protective Service of the Russian Federation
The Federal Protective Service (FSO) of the Russian Federation is a federal government agency mandated by the relevant laws with the tasks related to the protection of many high-ranking state officials including the President of Russia, as well as certain federal properties such as the Kremlin.
Chiusa Sclafani
Chiusa Sclafani is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Palermo in the Italian region Sicily, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Palermo.

Chiusa Sclafani borders the following municipalities: Bisacquino, Burgio, Caltabellotta, Corleone, Giuliana, Palazzo Adriano.

Palazzo Adriano
Palazzo Adriano (IPA: [pa'latʦo adriˈano], Arbëreshë Albanian: Pallaci, Sicilian: U Palazzu) is a town and comune of Arbëresh origin in the Metropolitan City of Palermo, Sicily, southern Italy.

Located in the heart of Sicania on the northern slopes of Monte delle Rose, almost equidistant from Palermo and Agrigento, it is a town of Arbëreshë origin. Although the inhabitants have abandoned the use of the Arbëresh language, the town's inhabitants preserve the Byzantine rite in their liturgy.

Palazzo Adriano is best known internationally for being among the filming locations of the Oscar-winning film Cinema Paradiso. The local economy is primarily dedicated to agriculture.
Jadwisin, Łódź Voivodeship
Jadwisin [jadˈviɕin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wartkowice, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-west of Wartkowice, 8 km (5 mi) north of Poddębice, and 41 km (25 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The village has an approximate population of 70.

Wartkowice
Wartkowice [vartkɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) north of Poddębice and 39 km (24 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.
2023 Open Araba en Femenino
The 2023 Open Araba en Femenino was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2023 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain between 17 and 23 July 2023.

Open Araba en Femenino
The Open Araba en Femenino is a tournament for professional female tennis players. The event on outdoor hardcourts is classified as a $100,000 (since 2023) ITF Women's World Tennis Tour tournament (formerly was $60,000) and has been held in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain, since 2019.
John Hedberg
John Fredrik Hedberg (1 April 1840 – 12 April 1916) was a Finnish forester, journalist and politician. He was born in Paimio, the son of Fredrik Gabriel Hedberg and the elder brother of Reinhold Hedberg. John Hedberg was a Member of the Diet of Finland in 1888 and a Member of the Parliament of Finland from  1908 to 1910 and again from 1911 to 1916, representing the Agrarian League.

Fredrik Gabriel Hedberg
Fredrik Gabriel Hedberg (15 July 1811 – 19 August 1893) was a Finnish Lutheran pastor and vicar. He was a Neo-Lutheran theologian, a prominent figure in the Finnish evangelical revival movement and a leader of confessional Lutheranism in Finland.
Matt Lesser
Matthew L. Lesser (born 28 or 29 April 1983) is an American politician who represents the 9th district in the Connecticut State Senate. A member of the Democratic Party, he was first elected to the State House in 2008, and re-elected in 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016. He won election to the state Senate from the 9th district in 2018, and was reelected in 2020 and 2022. Lesser unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for Connecticut Secretary of the State in 2022.

Democratic Party of Connecticut
The Connecticut Democratic State Central Committee (CT Dems) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the state of Connecticut. Its chair is Roberto L. Alves.

It is the dominant party in the state. Connecticut Democrats control both chambers of the state legislature, all constitutional state offices, all five of Connecticut's seats in the United States House of Representatives, and both of its seats in the United States Senate.
Battle of Bubat
The Battle of Bubat, also known as Pasunda Bubat, is the battle between the Sundanese royal family and the Majapahit army that took place in Bubat Square on the northern part of Trowulan (Majapahit capital city) in 1279 Saka or 1357 CE.

Sundanese people
The Sundanese (Sundanese: ᮅᮛᮀ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ, romanized: Urang Sunda; Indonesian: Orang Sunda) are an Austronesian ethnic group native to western part of Java island in Indonesia, with the term Tatar Pasundan (ᮒᮒᮁ ᮕᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓᮔ᮪) or Pasundan (ᮕᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓᮔ᮪) which covers most of the administrative areas of the provinces of West Java, Banten, and western part of Central Java. They number approximately 42 million and form Indonesia's second largest ethnic group, and the fourth largest in Southeast Asia. They speak the Sundanese language, which is part of the Austronesian languages.

Sundanese migrants can also be found in Lampung, South Sumatra, and, to a lesser extent, in Central Java and East Java.
The Sundanese people can also be found on several other islands in Indonesia such as Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali and Papua.
Retribution for the Dead
Retribution for the Dead is an EP by the American death metal band Autopsy, released by Peaceville Records. It features two songs which were re-recorded for the Mental Funeral album - the title song is exclusive to this EP.

Mental Funeral
Mental Funeral is the second album by American death metal band Autopsy, released on April 22, 1991 by Peaceville Records. The album was recorded at Different Fur Studios in San Francisco, and the band has attested that very little audio mixing was done on the final product.

Continuing in a similar vein as the band's previous album, Severed Survival, the band combines Death metal and Doom metal. The album's music draws influence from extreme metal acts such as Bathory. Lyrically, the album explores themes such as necrophilia.

Although the album polarized listeners when it was first released, it has come to be considered one of the most influential albums in the history of the death metal genre.
JBT Corporation
JBT Marel Corporation, formerly known as JBT Corporation, or John Bean Technologies Corporation, is a food processing machinery and automated vehicle company. The company was incorporated in 2008 when FMC Technologies divested its non-energy businesses. The company is based in Chicago, Illinois and traces its history back to a company founded in 1884 by John Bean, an orchardist in Los Gatos, California.

In January 2025, JBT Corporation completed its proposed acquisition of Marel and subsequently changed its corporate name to JBT Marel Corporation

MTD Holdings
Modern Tool & Die, sometimes referred to as MTD Products is an American manufacturer of outdoor power equipment for the mass market. Headquartered in Valley City, Ohio, the company began in 1932 and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Stanley Black & Decker. Prior to Stanley Black & Decker's acquisition in December 2021, MTD Products was a majority family-owned, private company. It originated as a tool and die maker MTD's main competitors are Ariens, Briggs & Stratton,  Husqvarna, John Deere, Stiga, Stihl, and The Toro Company .

Over the years, MTD acquired the Troy-Bilt, Bolens, Cub Cadet, Craftsman (owned by its minority partner), and Yard-Man brands and companies. MTD Craftsman mowers utilize the Sears "247" model prefix
Maalaala Mo Kaya season 26
Maalaala Mo Kaya (transl. Would you remember?; abbreviated MMK), also known as Memories in English, is a Filipino television series, which was first aired on May 15, 1991. It is the longest-running drama anthology on Philippine television.

Maalaala Mo Kaya
Maalaala Mo Kaya (transl. would you remember?, abbreviated as MMK) is a Philippine television drama anthology series broadcast by ABS-CBN and Kapamilya Channel. Hosted by Charo Santos-Concio, its first iteration was aired from May 15, 1991, to December 10, 2022. The show returned for its second iteration on April 24, 2025 as a limited series for iWantTFC (now reverted into iWant) and consists of 13 episodes and on April 26, 2025 on the network's Yes Weekend line up. Its format is a dramatization of real life stories sent in by letter writers. It is the longest running drama anthology series in the Philippines.
Geobacter anodireducens
Geobacter anodireducens  is a Gram-negative, aerotolerant, exoelectrogenic, anaerobic, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Geobacter Like others in its genus, it is commonly found in soil and uses iron as its electron acceptor. Due to its ability to generate current, it is an organism of note for Microbial fuel cell research. G. anodireducens was first isolated in 2014, and characterized in 2019, both by Dan Sun.

Geobacter
Geobacter is a genus of bacteria.  Geobacter species use anaerobic respiration to alter the redox state of minerals and many pollutants, a trait that makes them useful in bioremediation. Geobacter was the first organism described with the ability to completely oxidize organic compounds to carbon dioxide, and transfer these electrons to metals such as Fe(III), Mn(IV), and U(VI). Geobacter species are also found to be able to transfer electrons to conductive surfaces such as graphite electrodes. They are found in anaerobic habitats including wetlands, subsurface aquifers, soils, and aquatic sediment.
Sannieshof
Sannieshof is a small farming town situated in North West Province of South Africa. It started as a post office to serve the farms in the district and was named in honour of the first postmaster, John Voorendijk's wife Sannie. The village is 40 km north-east of Delareyville and 38 km north-west of Ottosdal. It is also close (20 km) to Baberspan which is a water bird sanctuary and a fishing mecca.

Delareyville
Delareyville is a salt mining, Transnet Agricultural Freight and commercial station, railway station for maize- and peanut-farming town situated in North West Province of South Africa. The town is 96 km south-west of Lichtenburg, 82 km north-east of Vryburg, 114 km north-west of Wolmaransstad, and 61 km north of Schweizer-Reneke.
Cândido Maia
Cândido Maia (born 8 February 1969) is a retired Portuguese athlete who specialised in the middle-distance events. He represented his country at three World Indoor Championships.

After a stint at FC Porto from 1987 to 1992 and 1995 to 2001, he joined his Maia Athletic Club, forming a team to compete in national cross country championships. He was considered a rival to Rui Silva following his 2001 World Indoor Championships win in the 1500 m, with Silva breaking Maia's 3000 m record.

Rui Silva (runner)
Rui Manuel Monteiro Silva ComIH (born 3 August 1977) is a Portuguese track and field athlete and coach who represents S.L. Benfica. As a distance runner, he specializes at the 1500 and 3000 m events, although he has at times run the 800 metres as well. Silva is the current national champion at 1500 m.
Carriedo station
Carriedo station is an elevated Light Rail Transit (LRT) station located on the LRT Line 1 (LRT-1) system along the district boundary of Santa Cruz and Quiapo in Manila.

Carriedo is the first station north of the Pasig River. It is the fifteenth station for trains headed to Fernando Poe Jr. and the eleventh station for trains headed to Dr. Santos. It is named after Carriedo Street, which crosses beneath it and is itself named after Spanish philanthropist Francisco Carriedo y Pedero.

It is one of the ten stations on the line to have its concourse area below the platform, the other nine being Dr. Santos, Ninoy Aquino Avenue, PITX, MIA Road, Redemptorist-Aseana, Baclaran, Central Terminal, Balintawak, and Fernando Poe Jr.

Redemptorist–Aseana station
Redemptorist–Aseana station, also known as Redemptorist station or  Aseana station, is an elevated Light Rail Transit (LRT) station located on the LRT Line 1 (LRT-1) system in Parañaque. It is part of the Line 1 Cavite Extension Project, which was opened to the public on November 16, 2024. The station is located in Aseana City in Barangay Baclaran and is also named after the nearby Redemptorist Church, which is also known as the Baclaran Church.

The station is the fifth station for trains headed to Fernando Poe Jr., the twenty-first station for trains headed to Dr. Santos and is one of the five LRT-1 stations in Parañaque; the others are MIA Road, PITX, Ninoy Aquino Avenue and Dr. Santos. The station is the northernmost of the LRT-1 Cavite Extension.
Marike de Klerk
Marike de Klerk (née Willemse; 29 March 1937 – 3 December 2001) was the First Lady of South Africa, as the wife of State President Frederik Willem de Klerk, from 1989–1994. She was also a politician of the former governing National Party in her own right. De Klerk was murdered in her Cape Town home in 2001.

First Lady of South Africa
First Lady of South Africa is the title held by the wife or most senior wife of the president of South Africa. The title can occasionally be used for the daughter or other female relative of the president.
Pond Fork Subdivision
The Pond Fork Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It was formerly part of the CSX Huntington East Division. It became part of the CSX Florence Division on June 20, 2016. The line runs from Danville, West Virginia, to Harris, West Virginia, for a total of 29.1 miles (46.8 km). At its south end it continues north from the Coal River Subdivision and at its north end the track comes to an end.

Coal River Subdivision
The Coal River Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in the U.S. State of West Virginia. It was formerly part of the CSX Huntington East Division. It became part of the CSX Florence Division on June 20, 2016. The line runs from Sharples, West Virginia, to St. Albans, West Virginia, for a total of 50.6 miles (81.4 km). At its north end it continues south from the Beech Creek Industrial Track and at its south end it continues south as the Kanawha Subdivision.
Zekhring people
The Zekhring are from the Anjaw District (formerly part of Lohit district) of Arunachal Pradesh. They live in the hilly terrain and banks of the Lohit River in the Walong and Kibithoo area.

They are Animists, although they have recently co-adopted Tibetan Buddhism. The Zekhring sustain their livelihoods through agriculture.  They are culturally more akin to the Miju Mishmi than to the Tibetans in the north. Sungkhu, Tsotangpho Wangley, Tso Tangpo and Losar are their major festivals.

Miju Mishmi tribe
In Northeastern India, the Miju Mishmi, also known as Kaman or Kammaan, are one of the three tribes of the Mishmi people of Tibet and Arunachal Pradesh. Members of this tribe are located in Anjaw and Lohit district. They live between the Lohit and the Kambang rivers in the foothills and in the Mishmi Hills on both sides of the Lohit River right up to the frontiers to Rima river. There are around 30,000 of them in Arunachal Pradesh. The Miju clans claim to have come from the Kachin country of Burma. They speak languages of the Midzu branch of Tibeto-Burman.
Motuihe Island
Motuihe Island (official name: Motuihe Island / Te Motu-a-Ihenga) lies between Motutapu and Waiheke islands in the Hauraki Gulf of New Zealand, near Auckland. The island measures 179 ha (440 acres), of which around 18 ha (44 acres) are remnants of coastal forest. The island is a recreation reserve controlled by the Department of Conservation (DOC) and administered by the Motuihe Trust. It is a popular spot for day trips, accessible from Auckland by seaplane or by private boat. The island is known for its beautiful beaches.

The name comes from Te Motu-a-Ihenga, Māori for 'Ihenga's Island'.

Waiheke Island
Waiheke Island is the second-largest island (after Great Barrier Island) in the Hauraki Gulf of New Zealand. Its ferry terminal in Matiatia Bay at the western end is 21.5 km (13.4 mi) from the central-city terminal in Auckland.

It is the most populated island in the gulf, with 9,310 permanent residents, and the third most populous island in New Zealand (behind the two main islands). An additional estimated 3,400 people have second homes or holiday homes on the island. It is more densely populated than the North and South Islands. It is the most accessible island in the gulf, with regular passenger and car-ferry services, a helicopter operator based on the island, and other air links.

In November 2015, Lonely Planet rated Waiheke Island the fifth-best region in the world to visit in 2016.
Jetins
Jetins are small, imaginary creatures from Brittany, mostly mentioned by Paul Sébillot along the coast of Ille-et-Vilaine and on the island of Guernsey. Compared with similar lutins, they are characterized by their great strength, enabling them to throw huge boulders over very long distances, and by their habitat, mainly in rocks and caves on the shore. They also have a habit, much feared by humans, of kidnapping beautiful babies to replace them with their old-fashioned changelings. Pierre Dubois gives many details on the appearance of Jetins in La Grande Encyclopédie des lutins.

Rance (river)
The Rance (French pronunciation: [ʁɑ̃s] ⓘ; Breton: Renk, [ˈrẽŋk]) is a river of northwestern France. It is 103.6 km (64.4 mi) long. The semi-tidal river flows into the English Channel between Dinard and Saint-Malo.

Before reaching the Channel, its waters are barred by a 750 metre long dam forming the Rance tidal power plant.

The river is linked to the Vilaine by means of the Canal d'Ille-et-Rance.

Départements and towns along the river:

Côtes-d'Armor: Collinée, Caulnes, Dinan

Ille-et-Vilaine: Dinard, Saint-Malo
Longplay (video games)
A longplay is a play-through of a video game, created with the intent of completing it as fully as possible, mainly for the purposes of nostalgia, preservation, and possibly as a walkthrough. For people who are unable or unwilling to play a certain game, yet wish to know and experience its story, a longplay can be viewed simply as a long digitally animated movie. A longplay is distinct from a Let's Play, in that there is typically little to no commentary on the game by the player.

The defining characteristic of a longplay when compared to a speedrun is that few shortcuts, if any, are taken to finish the game. Dull moments may be ultimately edited out of the final video, and sidequests may be ignored, but in general every task necessary to reach the end is recorded, including cutscenes. Also unlike speedruns, there is no time constraint aside from those imposed by bandwidth/filesize concerns.

Online video platform
An online video platform (OVP) enables users to upload, convert, store, and play back video content on the Internet, often via a private server structured, large-scale system that may generate revenue. Users will generally upload video content via the hosting service's website, mobile or desktop application, or other interfaces (API), and typically provide embedded codes or links that allow others to view the video content.
Caproni Vizzola F.6
The Caproni Vizzola F.6 was a World War II-era Italian fighter aircraft built by Caproni. It was a single-seat, low-wing cantilever monoplane with retractable landing gear. Only two prototypes were built, one designated F.6M and the other designated F.6Z.

Breda-SAFAT machine gun
Breda Mod. SAFAT cal. 7,7  and Breda Mod. SAFAT cal. 12,7, also known as Breda Mod. SAFAT 7.7 and Breda Mod. SAFAT 12.7, 7.7mm Breda-SAFAT and 12.7mm Breda-SAFAT, or more commonly as Breda-SAFAT 7.7 and Breda-SAFAT 12.7 were two Italian machine guns designed for aircraft use. Designed by Giuseppe Mascarucci, the guns were chambered to fire the standard ammunition in service with the Regia Aeronautica: 7.7 mm (0.303 in) and 12.7 mm (0.500 in) calibres, predominantly ball, tracer for the 7.7mm, including high explosive incendiary tracer (HEI-T) (filled with 0.8 grams of PETN), or armour-piercing (AP) for the 12.7mm.
August 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
August 4 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - August 6

All fixed commemorations below are observed on August 18 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For August 5, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on July 23.

Euthymius I of Constantinople
Euthymius I Syncellus (Greek: Εὐθύμιος ὁ Σύγκελλος, c. 834 – 5 August 917) was the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from February 907 to 15 May 912. A monk since his youth, he became spiritual father of the future emperor Leo VI the Wise, and was raised by him to the high ecclesiastical office of syncellus. Despite his turbulent relationship with Leo VI, in 907 he was appointed to the patriarchate and held the post until his deposition shortly before or after Leo VI's death in 912.
Base 603
30°57′N 119°13′E﻿ / ﻿30.950°N 119.217°E﻿ / 30.950; 119.217

Guangde Rocket Launch Site (simplified Chinese: 广德火箭发射场; traditional Chinese: 廣德火箭發射場; pinyin: Guǎngdé Huǒjiàn Fāshè Chǎng) also known as Base 603 (603基地) is a suborbital launch site that was operated by the Chinese Academy of Sciences located in Shijiedu (誓节渡), Shijie Town (誓节镇), Guangde County, Xuancheng Prefecture, Anhui province on the Chinese east coast.

The location of the site was surrounded by mountains in four directions, with no roads and no access to resources, but it was chosen as an upgrade to the too limited facilities of the Nanhui Launch Site.

Xuancheng
Xuancheng (Chinese: 宣城; pinyin: Xuānchéng; Xuanzhou Wu: Shye-san) is a city in the southeast of Anhui province. Archeological digs suggest that the city has been settled for over 4,000 years, and has been under formal administration since the Qin dynasty. Located in the lower Yangtze River drainage basin and Yangtze River Delta, it borders Wuhu to the northwest, Chizhou to the west, Huangshan to the southwest, and the coastal provinces of Zhejiang and Jiangsu to the southeast and northeast respectively.