hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2021 NCAA men's volleyball tournament
The 2021 NCAA men's volleyball tournament was the 51st edition of the NCAA men's volleyball tournament, an annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA Division I and Division II men's collegiate indoor volleyball. The single-elimination tournament began with a play-in match. The entire tournament was hosted by Ohio State University from May 3 to 8, 2021 at Covelli Center in Columbus, Ohio. Hawaii won its first title by defeating BYU 3–0 (their 2002 title was vacated due to NCAA violations).

NCAA men's volleyball tournament
The NCAA men's volleyball tournament, officially titled the NCAA national collegiate men's volleyball championship, is an annual competition that determines the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) championship in American college men's volleyball. It had been the only NCAA championship in the sport from 1970 until 2012, when the NCAA launched a Division III championship.

Unlike most NCAA sports, men's volleyball uses a modified version of the National Collegiate championship format, which means Division I and Division II teams compete against each other in the same tournament.

In the past, schools from the Pacific Coast region have dominated this sport, in particular UCLA with coach Al Scates leading the program to 19 NCAA titles (more than any other coach).
South American dogs
The domestic dog was introduced to South America between 5,500 and 2,500 BCE from North America. They occupied the Andes region and spread into the Amazonian Basin relatively recently, in the 20th century. Today, very few of the original South American dogs remain, mostly replaced with introduced breeds from Eurasia.

Periodization of pre-Columbian Peru
This is a chart of cultural periods of Peru and the Andean Region developed by John Rowe and Edward Lanning and used by some archaeologists studying the area. An alternative dating system was developed by Luis Lumbreras and provides different dates for some archaeological finds.

Most of the cultures of the Late Horizon and some of the cultures of the Late Intermediate joined the Inca Empire by 1493, but the period ends in 1532 because that marks the fall of the Inca Empire after the Spanish conquest. Most of the cut-off years mark either an end of a severe drought or the beginning of one. These marked a shift of the most productive farming to or from the mountains and tended to mark the end of one culture and the rise of another.

The more recent findings concerning the Norte Chico civilization are not included on this list, as it was compiled before the site at Caral was investigated in detail.
Trita
Trita ("the Third") is a minor deity of the Rigveda, mentioned 41 times. He is associated with the Maruts, with Vayu and most especially with Indra, whom he sometimes assists and other times acts in place of when fighting Tvastar, Vrtra and Vala. He is called Āptya, probably meaning "of the water (Apas)."

Tvashtr
Tvashtr (Sanskrit: त्वष्टृ, IAST: Tvaṣṭṛ) or Tvashta (Sanskrit: त्वष्टा, IAST: Tvaṣṭā) is a Vedic Hindu artisan god or fashioner. He is mentioned as an Aditya (sons of goddess Aditi) in later Hindu scriptures like the Mahabharata and Puranas, though his significance gets reduced. Tvashtr is sometimes identified with another artisan deity named Vishvakarma.
Origins of the Sri Lankan civil war
The origins of the Sri Lankan civil war lie in the continuous political rancor between the majority Sinhalese and the minority Sri Lankan Tamils. The war has been described by social anthropologist Jonathan Spencer as an outcome of how modern ethnic identities have been made and re-made since the colonial period, with the political struggle between minority Tamils and the Sinhalese-dominant government accompanied by rhetorical wars over archeological sites and place name etymologies, and the political use of the national past.

United National Party
The United National Party (UNP; Sinhala: එක්සත් ජාතික පක්ෂය, romanized: Eksath Jāthika Pakshaya, Tamil: ஐக்கிய தேசியக் கட்சி, romanized: Aikkiya Tēciyak Kaṭci) is a centre-right political party in Sri Lanka. Founded in 1946, the party was one of Sri Lanka's two main parties for several decades, serving as either the country's ruling party or as part of its governing coalition for several periods of the country's independent history. After suffering a major split in the lead-up to the 2020 parliamentary elections, the UNP saw a collapse in parliament, with the party only winning one national list seat and losing all its votes to the new Samagi Jana Balawegaya alliance. Currently, the UNP is a notable third party in Sri Lankan politics.

The UNP has been led by former president Ranil Wickremesinghe since 1994. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union.
Ségou Empire
The Ségou Empire (also Bambara or Bamana Empire, Bambara: ߓߊ߲ߓߊߙߊ߲߫ ߝߊ߯ߡߟߊ, romanized: Banbaran Fāmala) was one of the largest states of West Africa in the 18th century.: 408  Along with Kaarta it was one of the most important successors of the Songhai Empire. Based on an earlier kingdom established in 1640, it grew into a powerful empire in the early 18th century under Bitòn Coulibaly. The empire existed as a centralized state from 1712 until the 1861 invasion by the Toucouleur conqueror El Hadj Umar Tall.

Niger River
The Niger River (/ˈnaɪdʒər/ NY-jər; French: (le) fleuve Niger [(lə) flœv niʒɛʁ]) is the main river of West Africa, extending about 4,180 kilometres (2,600 miles). Its drainage basin is 2,117,700 km2 (817,600 sq mi) in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in south-eastern Guinea near the Sierra Leone border. It runs in a crescent shape through southwest Mali and through southwest Niger, on the border with Benin, and then through Nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the Niger Delta, into the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean. The Niger is the 14th-longest river in the world and the third-longest river in Africa, exceeded by the Nile and the Congo River. Its main tributary is the Benue River.
Kuniteru
Utagawa Kuniteru (Japanese: 歌川国輝; active 1818–1860) was an ukiyo-e artist in the tradition of the Utagawa school. Born in Edo (Tokyo), he studied under both Kunisada and Toyokuni I. He produced prints of a wide variety of subjects, including many depicting the increasing Western influence on Japan, with his main output taking the form of book illustrations and single-sheet ukiyo-e.

He was known by various names: he called himself Kunitsuna II or Ichiransai until the Ganji era (1864/1865). Before 1844 he may also have been known as Sadashige and signed works using the name Ichiyusai.

As Kunitsuna II he concentrated on caricatures and scenes from his travels. After taking his master's name, he expanded his range to include scenes of sumo wrestling, and the modernization and westernization of Japan.

Kunisada
Utagawa Kunisada (Japanese: 歌川 国貞; 1786 – 12 January 1865), also known as Utagawa Toyokuni III (三代 歌川 豊国, Sandai Utagawa Toyokuni), was a Japanese ukiyo-e artist. He is considered the most popular, prolific and commercially successful designer of ukiyo-e woodblock prints in 19th-century Japan. In his own time, his reputation far exceeded that of his contemporaries Hokusai, Hiroshige and Kuniyoshi.
Australian Walkabout
Australian Walkabout is a TV series made for the ABC and BBC by director Charles Chauvel. It was the last project completed by Chauvel prior to his death.

Lee Robinson later got the rights to the series and sold it to Germany and Japan.

National Film and Sound Archive
The National Film and Sound Archive of Australia (NFSA), based in Canberra and known as ScreenSound Australia from 1999 to 2004, is Australia's audiovisual archive, responsible for developing, preserving, maintaining, promoting, and providing access to a national collection of film, television, sound, radio, video games, new media, and related documents and artefacts. The collection ranges from works created in the late nineteenth century when the recorded sound and film industries were in their infancy, to those made in the present day.

The NFSA collection first started as the National Historical Film and Speaking Record Library (within the then Commonwealth National Library) in 1935, becoming an independent cultural organisation in 1984. On 3 October, Prime Minister Bob Hawke officially opened the NFSA's headquarters in Canberra.
Kinda (Doctor Who)
Kinda is the third serial of the 19th season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four twice-weekly parts on BBC1 from 1 to 9 February 1982.

In the serial, an alien being from another plane uses the dreams of the time-travelling air hostess Tegan Jovanka (Janet Fielding) to reach the planet Deva Loka and takes over the body of the Kinda Aris (Adrian Mills) to attack colonists on the planet.

Doctor Who season 19
The nineteenth season of British science fiction television series Doctor Who began on 4 January 1982 with Castrovalva, and ended with Time-Flight. John Nathan-Turner produced the series, with two script editors: Anthony Root and Eric Saward.
The Charades
The Charades is a doo-wop, R&B group which was mostly active in California in the early to mid-1960s and has released a number of singles on various labels.  One of the songs it recorded, which was associated with the surf genre, was  "Surf 'n Stomp" on the Northridge label. The band also recorded for Tony Hilder's Impact label, and even had a release on a label owned by Fred Astaire. They had a minor hit with "Please Be My Love Tonight". The group, though it has been through some changes, still continues today, and has a history that spans six decades.

Original Sound
Original Sound is a Los Angeles, California-based record label. It was founded in the early 1950s by KPOP deejay Art Laboe. It began as a small label that specialized in compiling and re-releasing "oldies" R&B and rock 'n' roll songs.
Kiri Dalena
Kiri Dalena is a visual artist, filmmaker and human rights activist who lives and works in the Philippines. Her work deals with issues of political and social injustice, drawing from events in Philippine history. Dalena's works utilise diverse media and expressive languages, evoking an imaginative force that challenges the "reality" viewers maintain in their consciousness, as well as the frameworks that shape the significance of her work.

History of the Philippines (1965–1986)
The history of the Philippines, from 1965 to 1986, covers the presidency and dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos. The Marcos era includes the final years of the Third Republic (1965–1972), the Philippines under martial law (1972–1981), and the majority of the Fourth Republic (1981–1986). By the end of the Marcos dictatorial era, the country was experiencing a debt crisis, extreme poverty, and severe underemployment.
1994 Australian Open – Men's singles
Pete Sampras defeated Todd Martin in the final, 7–6(7–4), 6–4, 6–4 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1994 Australian Open. It was his first Australian Open title and fourth major title overall.

Jim Courier was the two-time defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Sampras.

This tournament marked the first major appearance of future champion Thomas Johansson.

1994 Australian Open
The 1994 Australian Open (also known as the 1994 Ford Australian Open for sponsorship purposes) was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at Flinders Park in Melbourne in Victoria in Australia. It was the 82nd edition of the Australian Open and was held from 17 to 30 January 1994.
Yoo Bo-ra
Yoo Bo-ra (Korean: 유보라) is a South Korean film and television screenwriter. Yoo debuted as screenwriter on terrestrial television with the KBS Drama Special in 2012. Yoo is best known for her work as scriptwriter of KBS television series Secret Love (2013), JTBC mini-series Rain or Shine (2017) and Reflection of You (2021), as well as her critically acclaim film Snowy Road (2017).

Before Yoo made her feature drama debut, she began her career as a one-act drama writer at KBS. Her stories focused on social issues. She wrote several KBS Drama Specials, including "A Spoonbill Flies Away," "Do You Know Taekwondo?," "Sangkwoni," "Yeonwoo's Summer," and "Youth."

Park Jung-bum
Park Jung-bum (Korean: 박정범; born 1976) is a South Korean film director, screenwriter and actor. Park wrote, directed, and acted in his directorial debut The Journals of Musan (2011), which won the New Currents Award and FIPRESCI Award at the 15th Busan International Film Festival, Golden Star at the 10th Marrakech International Film Festival, Tiger Award at the 39th International Film Festival Rotterdam, Grand Prize and Young Critics Award at the 47th Pesaro International Film Festival, Jury Prize at the 13th Deauville Asian Film Festival, and more – a total of 17 awards were won at major film festivals around the world since it premiered at the Busan International Film Festival in 2010.
Fly Hard Trikes SkyCycle
The Fly Hard Trikes SkyCycle was an American ultralight trike, designed by Mike Theeke and produced by Fly Hard Trikes of Wildwood, Georgia. The aircraft was supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft and several hundred were completed and flown. Production ended with the owner's death in 2020.

Ultralight trike
An ultralight trike or paratrike is a type of powered hang glider where flight control is by weight-shift. These aircraft have a fabric flex-wing from which is suspended a tricycle fuselage pod driven by a pusher propeller. The pod accommodates either a solo pilot, or a pilot and a single passenger. Trikes grant affordable, accessible, and exciting flying, and have been popular since the 1980s.

Trikes are classified as microlights in Europe, and as light-sport aircraft in the United States.  The aircraft are also known by other names, including 2-axis microlights, flex-wing trikes,  microlight trikes, deltatrikes or motorized deltaplanes.  In the United States, they are formally recognized by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) as weight-shift-control aircraft.
Arts Union (Germany)
The Arts Union (German: Gewerkschaft Kunst) was a trade union representing cultural workers in West Germany.

The union was founded on 26 August 1949, at a conference in Frankfurt.  It was initially based in Hamburg, but relocated to Düsseldorf in 1955.

The union initially had five sections:

Association of Visual Artists

German Musicians' Union

Guild of the German Stage

International Artists' Lodge

Professional Association of Journalists and Writers (transferred to Printing and Paper Union in 1951)

Other sections were created later, including the Broadcast Television Film Union, the Union of Music Educators and Concert Artists, and the Jazz/rock/pop/improvised music group.

By 1988, the union had a membership of 29,613.  The following year, it merged with the Printing and Paper Union, to form the Media Union.

Guild of the German Stage
The Guild of the German Stage (Genossenschaft Deutscher Bühnen-Angehöriger, or GDBA) is the guild for people who work on the legitimate stage. Its members come from both the areas of stagecraft and artistic workers in theaters from all over Germany. The organization is based in Hamburg and is divided into seven regional divisions. It was established in 1871, in Weimar on an initiative by Ludwig Barnay.
Xiazangke Township, Qinghai
Zangxoima Township or Xiazangke Township (Tibetan: གཙང་ཞོལ་མ་ཡུལ་ཚོ།, Chinese: 下藏科乡) is a township in Gadê County, Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai, China. In 2010, Zangxoima Township had a total population of 5,132 people: 2,744 males and 2,388 females: 1,679 under 14 years old, 3,220 aged between 15 and 64 and 233 over 65 years old.

Gadê County
Gadê County (Tibetan: དགའ་བདེ་རྫོང; Chinese: 甘德县; pinyin: Gāndé Xiàn) is a county in the southeast of Qinghai Province, China, bordering Gansu to the east. It is under the administration of Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.
Carousel Piano Bar & Lounge
The Carousel Piano Bar & Lounge is the only revolving bar in New Orleans, Louisiana.  The bar is inside the Hotel Monteleone and overlooks Royal Street in the French Quarter of New Orleans.  Installed in 1949, the 25-seat circular bar turns on 2,000 large steel rollers, powered by a 1⁄4 hp (190 W) motor. The bar rotates at a rate of one revolution every 15 minutes. In addition to the rotating bar, an adjoining room includes booths and tables with live entertainment offered nightly.

Royal Street, New Orleans
Royal Street (French: Rue Royale; Spanish: Calle Real) is a street in the French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. It is one of the original streets of the city, dating from the early 18th century, and is known today for its antique shops, art galleries, and hotels.
John W. Woodmansee
John William Woodmansee Jr.  (born 27 January 1934) is a retired lieutenant general in the United States Army. His assignments included Commanding General of V Corps. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in with a B.S. degree in military science in 1956. Woodmansee later earned an M.S. degree in public administration from George Washington University in 1965 and an M.A. degree in political science from Stanford University in 1973. In 1988, he was posted to West Germany.

Trained as an armor officer and helicopter pilot, Woodmansee was awarded the Silver Star Medal, five Distinguished Flying Crosses, two Bronze Star Medals (2) and 39 Air Medals for his service during the Vietnam War, where he flew over 1,500 combat hours. Woodmansee has also received two Distinguished Service Medals and two awards of the Legion of Merit.

Air Medal
The Air Medal (AM) is a military decoration of the United States Armed Forces. It was created in 1942 and is awarded for single acts of heroism or meritorious achievement while participating in aerial flight.
Lorraine Dearden
Lorraine Margaret Dearden  (born 1 October 1961) is an Australo-British economist and professor of economics and social statistics at the Department of Social Science of the Institute of Education, University College London. Her research focuses on the economics of education.

Anna Vignoles
Anna Frances Vignoles CBE FBA is a British educationalist and economist. She is the Director of the Leverhulme Trust, taking up her position in January 2021.  Previously, she was Professor of Education and fellow of Jesus College at the University of Cambridge, where her research focused on the economic value of education and issues of equity in education. She was elected as a fellow of the British Academy in 2017.

Vignoles also held the following positions until taking on her current role: Trustee of The Nuffield Foundation; Member of the ESRC Council; Co-Chair, Cambridge Centre for Data Driven Discovery (C2D3), University of Cambridge; Board Member, Cambridge Enterprise;  Member of the advisory board of the Sutton Trust; Associate Editor, Education Economics and The Cambridge Journal of Education
2023 Dutch Darts Championship
The 2023 Dutch Darts Championship was a professional darts tournament that took place at the WTC Expo in Leeuwarden, Netherlands from 28 to 30 April 2023. It was the sixth of thirteen European Tour events on the 2023 PDC Pro Tour. It featured a field of 48 players and £175,000 in prize money, with £30,000 going to the winner.

Michael Smith was the defending champion after defeating Danny Noppert 8–7 in the 2022 final, but he lost 6–4 to Peter Wright in the third round.

Dave Chisnall won his second European Tour title of the year, and as with the first one, he defeated Luke Humphries 8–5 in the final.

This was the first time in European Tour history that all the top four seeds made the semi-finals.

2023 PDC Pro Tour
The 2023 PDC Pro Tour was a series of non-televised darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). Players Championships and European Tour events are the events that make up the Pro Tour. There were thirty Players Championship events and thirteen PDC European Tour events, as well as 24 events for the Challenge and Development Tours, and the Women's Series.
Guericke (crater)
Guericke is the remnant of a lunar impact crater at the north part of the Mare Nubium. It is named after German scientist Otto von Guericke. To the north-northwest lies the large Fra Mauro crater, along with the co-joined craters Parry and Bonpland. To the east are the craters Kundt and Davy.

The surviving rim of Guericke has been worn, battered, and partly submerged by the basaltic lava that covers the floor. The wall is now little more than a circular series of ridges that join with rises that flow to the north, northwest, and south. The flooded crater remnant Guericke F is attached to the southwest exterior. The interior flood has a few small rises in the otherwise nearly flat surface. Two craters (Guericke D and H) mark the floor in the southwest quadrant.

Fra Mauro (crater)
Fra Mauro is the worn remnant of a walled lunar plain. It is part of the surrounding Fra Mauro formation, being located to the northeast of Mare Cognitum and southeast of Mare Insularum. Attached to the southern rim are the co-joined craters Bonpland and Parry, which intrude into the formation forming inward-bulging walls. The crater is named after Italian geographer Fra Mauro.
D.C. Curtis
Derwood Clayiborne Curtis (born December 13, 1953) is a retired vice admiral in the United States Navy who served as the Commander, Naval Surface Forces and concurrently Commander, Naval Surface Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet from March 2008 to June 2011.

Vice admiral (United States)
Vice admiral (abbreviated as VADM) is a three-star commissioned officer rank in the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard, the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps, and the United States Maritime Service, with the pay grade of O-9. Vice admiral ranks above rear admiral and below admiral. Vice admiral is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant general in the other uniformed services.
Architectural lighting design
Architectural lighting design is a field of work or study that is concerned with the design of lighting systems within the built environment, both interior and exterior.  It can include manipulation and design of both daylight and electric light or both, to serve human needs.
Lighting design is based in both science and the visual arts.  The basic aim of lighting within the built environment is to enable occupants to see clearly and without discomfort. The objective of architectural lighting design is to balance the art and the science of lighting to create mood, visual interest and enhance the experience of a space or place whilst still meeting the technical and safety requirements.

Lumen (unit)
The lumen (symbol: lm) is the SI unit of luminous flux, which quantifies the perceived power of visible light emitted by a source. Luminous flux differs from power (radiant flux), which encompasses all electromagnetic waves emitted, including non-visible ones such as thermal radiation (infrared). By contrast, luminous flux is weighted according to a model (a "luminosity function") of the human eye's sensitivity to various wavelengths; this weighting is standardized by the CIE and ISO.

The lumen is defined as equivalent to one candela-steradian (symbol cd·sr):

A full sphere has a solid angle of 4π steradians (≈ 12.56637 sr), so an isotropic light source (that uniformly radiates in all directions) with a luminous intensity of one candela has a total luminous flux of

One lux is one lumen per square metre.