hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Programmer (hardware)
In the context of installing firmware onto a device, a programmer, device programmer, chip programmer, device burner,: 364  or PROM writer is a device that writes, a.k.a. burns, firmware to a target device's non-volatile memory.: 3

Typically, the target programmable chip is one of the following types: PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash memory, eMMC, MRAM, FeRAM, NVRAM, PLD, PLA, PAL, GAL, CPLD, FPGA, microcontroller.

Programmable logic array
A  programmable logic array (PLA) is a kind of programmable logic device used to implement combinational logic circuits. The PLA has a set of programmable AND gate planes, which link to a set of programmable OR gate planes, which can then be conditionally complemented to produce an output. It has 2N AND gates for N input variables, and for M outputs from the PLA, there should be M OR gates, each with programmable inputs from all of the AND gates. This layout allows for many logic functions to be synthesized in the sum of products canonical forms.

PLAs differ from programmable array logic devices (PALs and GALs) in that both the AND and OR gate planes are programmable. PAL has programmable AND gates but fixed OR gates
La Valette Underground Military Museum
The La Valette Underground Military Museum is a museum located in German tunnels left over from the German occupation of the Channel Islands, and was converted into a museum between December 1987 and August 1988. The museum hosts a collection of artifacts from World War II and from the Guernsey Militia that served in World War I. The tunnels on the site were originally to be used for U-boat fuel storage. The museum also offers a gift shop selling books on the wars and occupation, as well as authentic patches and medals.

The museum is located in one of Guernsey’s 41 occupation tunnels, similar to the Hohlgangsanlage located on Jersey and across the Channel Islands.

Hohlgangsanlage tunnels, Jersey
Hohlgangsanlage are a number of tunnels constructed in Jersey by occupying German forces during the occupation of Jersey. The Germans intended these bunkers to protect troops and equipment from aerial bombing and to act as fortifications in their own right.

The word Hohlgangsanlage can be translated as "cave passage installations". The Channel Island tunnels are the only ones on the Atlantic wall to be referred to as Hohlgangsanlagen.

All the tunnels except for Ho5 are incomplete, and some never progressed beyond planning. The partly complete tunnels are, nonetheless, substantial in size. Completed sections were used for various purposes such as storage.

In 1944, when construction stopped, 244,000 m3 of rock had been extracted for tunnel digging collectively from Guernsey, Jersey and Alderney (the majority from Jersey). At the same point in 1944, the entire Atlantic Wall from Norway to the Franco-Spanish border, excluding the Channel Islands, had extracted some 225,000 m3.
Sharpe's Skirmish
"Sharpe's Skirmish" is a historical short story by Bernard Cornwell in the Richard Sharpe series.

"Sharpe's Skirmish" was first written in 1998. British bookseller W. H. Smith devised the idea of giving away a Sharpe short story with every copy of Sharpe's Fortress. This irritated other publishers, and only a few thousand copies were printed. Much later, Cornwell revised the story, which was published by the Sharpe Appreciation Society.

Sharpe's Fortress
Sharpe's Fortress is the third historical novel of the Richard Sharpe series, by Bernard Cornwell, first published in 1998. It is the last of the Sharpe India trilogy. It tells the story of Ensign Sharpe, during the battle of Argaum and the following siege of the fortress of Gawilghur in 1803.
1975 Grand Prix German Open
The 1975 Grand Prix German Open was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was the 67th edition of the event and was part of the 1975 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix circuit. It took place at the Am Rothenbaum in Hamburg, West Germany, from 19 May through 25 May  1975. Manuel Orantes and Renáta Tomanová won the singles titles.

1975 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1975 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix was a professional tennis circuit administered by the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF) which served as a forerunner to the current Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) World Tour and the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The circuit consisted of the four modern Grand Slam tournaments and open tournaments recognised by the ILTF. The Commercial Union Assurance Masters, Davis Cup Final and Nations Cup are included in this calendar but did not count towards the Grand Prix.

The men's schedule started in December 1974 with the Australian Open and continued in May 1975 following the conclusion of the rival 1975 World Championship Tennis circuit which ran from January to early May.
Older Scots
Older Scots is a distinct historical stage in the development of the Scots language, encompassing its evolution between the 14th and 18th centuries. It is a subfield of study within the wider historical linguistics of Scots. This chronological term is widely used, for example by Scottish Language Dictionaries (formally SNDA), the Oxford Companion to the English Language, and the Cambridge History of English and American Literature. The online Dictionary of the Scots Language includes the Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue.: 902

Older Scots is used for the following periods in the history of the Scots language:

Pre-literary Scots to 1375

Early Scots to 1450

Middle Scots to 1700

Early Scots
Early Scots was the emerging literary language of the Early Middle English–speaking parts of Scotland in the period before 1450. The northern forms of Middle English descended from Northumbrian Old English. During this period, speakers referred to the language as "English" (Inglis, Ynglis, and variants).

Early examples such as Barbour’s The Brus and Wyntoun’s Chronicle  are better explained as part of Northern Early Middle English than as isolated forerunners of later Scots, a name first used to describe the language later in the Middle Scots period.
Gettin' Away with Murder
Gettin' Away with Murder is a studio album by American jazz singer Patti Austin, released in 1985 on Qwest Records. The album peaked at No. 25 on the US Billboard Top Soul Albums chart and No. 39 on the Billboard Traditional Jazz Albums chart.

Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis
James Samuel "Jimmy Jam" Harris III (born June 6, 1959) and Terry Steven Lewis (born November 24, 1956) are an American R&B/pop songwriting and record production team. Their productions have received commercial success since the 1980s with various artists, most extensively Janet Jackson. They have written 31 top ten hits in the UK and 41 in the US. In 2022, the duo were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the Musical Excellence category.
Desmazeria
Desmazeria is a genus of Mediterranean plants in the grass family, related to Catapodium.

The genus is named for John Baptiste Henri Joseph Desmazières, (1796-1862) a French merchant, amateur botanist, and editor of scientific journals.

Species

Desmazeria lorentii H.Scholz - Tunisia, Libya

Desmazeria philistaea (Boiss.) H.Scholz  - Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Palestine, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria

Desmazeria pignattii Brullo & Pavone - Sicily

Desmazeria sicula (Jacq.) Dumort. - Sicily, Sardinia, Calabria, Spain, Algeria, Libya, Tunisia

formerly included

see Castellia Catapodium Cutandia Halopyrum Sclerochloa Tribolium Wangenheimia

Castellia
Castellia is a genus of African and Eurasian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Castellia tuberculosa, native to southern Europe (Spain, Sardinia, Greece), northern and northeastern Africa (Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Djibouti, Eritrea, Somalia, Sudan), and southwestern Asia (Saudi Arabia, Oman, Persian Gulf Sheikdoms, Iran, Pakistan, Punjab State of India).
SHARK
In cryptography, SHARK is a block cipher identified as one of the predecessors of Rijndael (the Advanced Encryption Standard).

SHARK has a 64-bit block size and a 128-bit key size. It is a six-round SP-network which alternates a key mixing stage with linear and non-linear transformation layers. The linear transformation uses an MDS matrix representing a Reed–Solomon error correcting code in order to guarantee good diffusion. The nonlinear layer is composed of eight 8×8-bit S-boxes based on the function F(x) = x−1 over GF(28).

Five rounds of a modified version of SHARK can be broken using an interpolation attack (Jakobsen and Knudsen, 1997).

Block cipher
In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols. They are ubiquitous in the storage and exchange of data, where such data is secured and authenticated via encryption.

A block cipher uses blocks as an unvarying transformation. Even a secure block cipher is suitable for the encryption of only a single block of data at a time, using a fixed key. A multitude of modes of operation have been designed to allow their repeated use in a secure way to achieve the other security goals of confidentiality and authenticity. However, block ciphers may also feature as building blocks in other cryptographic protocols, such as universal hash functions and pseudorandom number generators.
Deferred compensation
Deferred compensation is an arrangement in which a portion of an employee's wage is paid out at a later date after which it was earned. Examples of deferred compensation include pensions, retirement plans, and employee stock options. The primary benefit of most deferred compensation is the deferral of tax to the date(s) at which the employee receives the income.

Wage
A wage is the price of labor. Examples of wage payments include compensatory payments such as minimum wage, prevailing wage, and yearly bonuses, and remunerative payments such as prizes and tip payouts. Wages are part of the expenses that are involved in running a business. It is an obligation to the employee regardless of the profitability of the company.

Payment by wage contrasts with salaried work, in which the employer pays an arranged amount at steady intervals (such as a week or month) regardless of hours worked, with commission which conditions pay on individual performance, and with compensation based on the performance of the company as a whole. Waged employees may also receive tips or gratuity paid directly by clients and employee benefits which are non-monetary forms of compensation. Since wage labour is the predominant form of work, the term "wage" sometimes refers to all forms (or all monetary forms) of employee compensation.
Thomas Waddell
Thomas Waddell (1 January 1854 – 25 October 1940), an Australian politician, was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1887 to 1917, was briefly the premier of New South Wales during 1904, and was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council from 1917 to 1934. His 75 days in office marks the shortest tenure of any New South Wales premier.

Premier of New South Wales
The premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster Parliamentary System, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature. The premier is appointed by the Governor of New South Wales, and by modern convention holds office by their ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the Legislative Assembly.

Before Federation in 1901, the term "prime minister of New South Wales" was also used. "Premier" has been used more or less exclusively from 1901, to avoid confusion with the federal prime minister of Australia.

The current premier is Chris Minns, the leader of the New South Wales Labor Party, who assumed office on 28 March 2023. Minns defeated Dominic Perrottet at the election held on 25 March 2023, after twelve years of Liberal/National Coalition rule.
2005 Antrim Borough Council election
Elections to Antrim Borough Council were held on 5 May 2005 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used three district electoral areas to elect a total of 19 councillors.

2005 Northern Ireland local elections
Elections for local government were held in Northern Ireland on 5 May 2005, contesting 582 seats in all, along with the 2005 general election across the entire United Kingdom and local elections in England.
Lakeside Woods, Connecticut
Lakeside Woods is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Sherman, Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is in the southern part of the town, on the western shore of Candlewood Lake and  is bordered to the north by the main village of Sherman.

Lakeside Woods was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

Candlewood Lake
Candlewood Lake is a manmade lake located in Fairfield and Litchfield counties of Western Connecticut, in the northeastern United States. At 8.4 square miles (22 km2), it is the largest lake in Connecticut and the largest lake in the New York metropolitan area. The lake is bordered by the city of Danbury, and the towns of Brookfield, New Fairfield, New Milford, and Sherman.  Some of the most expensive real estate in the Greater Danbury area is located along the shores of the lake.
Housing starts
Housing starts is an economic indicator that reflects the number of privately owned new houses (technically housing units) on which construction  has been started in a given period. This data is divided into three types: single-family houses, townhouses or small condos, and apartment buildings with five or more units.

Each apartment unit is considered a single start. The construction of a 30-unit apartment building is counted as 30 housing starts.

Townhouse
A townhouse, townhome, town house, or town home is a type of terraced housing. A modern townhouse is often one with multiple floors on a small footprint. In older British usage, the term originally referred to any type of city residence (normally in London) of someone whose main or largest residence was a country house.
COVID-19 pandemic in Madhya Pradesh
The first four cases of the COVID-19 pandemic in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh were confirmed on March 20, 2020. As of August 14, 2021, Madhya Pradesh has confirmed a total of 791,998 cases, and has recorded 10,514 deaths.

Ministry of Home Affairs (India)
The Ministry of Home Affairs (IAST: Gṛha Mantrālaya) is a ministry of the Government of India. It is mainly responsible for the maintenance of internal security and domestic policy. It is headed by the minister of home affairs.

The Ministry of Home Affairs is also the Cadre Controlling Authority for the Indian Police Service (IPS), DANIPS, DANICS and Central Secretariat Official Language Service (CSOLS).
Sutton Trinity (ward)
Sutton Trinity is one of the 40 electoral wards in Birmingham, England. It is named after Holy Trinity Church, the town's parish church.

Sutton Trinity is one of four wards comprising the Parliamentary Constituency and formal district of Sutton Coldfield, Birmingham. It was created on 10 June 2004, following a Boundary Commission review of the city. It covers Sutton town centre and includes the neighbourhoods of Tudor Hill, Maney, New Hall Manor, Falcon Lodge, Whitehouse Common, Withy Hill, Little Sutton and Reddicap Heath.

Tudor Hill
Tudor Hill is a suburb of Sutton Coldfield, in the county of West Midlands, England.

The settlement lies on elevated land to the north-west of Sutton Coldfield, on the edge of Sutton Park, and is located approximately 0.5 miles (0.80 km) north-east the town centre.
Castrapo
Castrapo (a portmanteau of castelán and trapo, meaning rag) is a term used in the region of  Galicia to refer to a local variety of the Castilian language that uses a lot of code-switching, vocabulary, syntax and expressions directly from the Galician language although they do not exist or have equivalents in Standard Castilian. This way of speaking is mainly prevalent in the densely populated urban areas of Galicia and is sometimes stereotyped as "the way Galician politicians speak".

Hispanicization
Hispanicization or Hispanization (Spanish: hispanización) refers to the process by which a place or person becomes influenced by Hispanic culture or a process of cultural and/or linguistic change in which something non-Hispanic becomes Hispanic. Hispanicization is illustrated by spoken Spanish, production and consumption of Hispanic food, Spanish language music, and participation in Hispanic festivals and holidays. In the former Spanish colonies, the term is also used in the narrow linguistic sense of the Spanish language replacing indigenous languages.
Cesare Rubini
Cesare Rubini (2 November 1923 – 8 February 2011) was an Italian professional basketball player and coach, and a water polo player. He was considered to be one of the greatest European basketball coaches of all time. Rubini was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame in 1994, making him the first, and to this day, just one of three Italian basketball figures to receive such an honour, alongside Dino Meneghin and Sandro Gamba. He was also inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame in 2000.

In 2002, he was awarded the FIBA Order of Merit. He was inducted into the Italian Basketball Hall of Fame, in 2006. He was also inducted into the FIBA Hall of Fame, in 2013. In 2015, he was inducted into the Walk of Fame of Italian sport.

European Water Polo Championship
The European Water Polo Championship is a sport competition for national water polo teams, currently held biannually and organized by the European Aquatics, the European governing body for aquatic sports. There are both men's and women's competitions.

The first European Water Polo Championship was held in 1926 in Budapest, Hungary, with just a men's competition. The women for the first time competed in 1985 (Oslo, Norway) for the European title. The water polo tournament was part of the European Aquatics Championships up to and including 1997, and from 1999 the event was separated and got its own independent tournament.
Uncle Joe (film)
Uncle Joe is a 1941 American comedy film directed by Howard M. Railsback and Raymond E. Swartley and starring Gale Storm, ZaSu Pitts and Slim Summerville. It was a second feature distributed by Monogram Pictures.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Kuji River (Ibaraki)
Kuji River (Japanese: 久慈川（くじがわ）, Hepburn: Kuji-gawa) is a river in Fukushima Prefecture, Tochigi Prefecture and Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. It rises at the northern slope of Mount Yamizo, where the border of these three prefectures is located, and flows into Pacific Ocean at Hitachi and Tokai in Ibaraki Prefecture. It has a length of 124 kilometers (77 mi) and a drainage area of 1,490 square kilometers (580 sq mi), and is designated as a Class A river.

Classification of rivers in Japan
Rivers in Japan are classified according to criteria set by the River Act (河川法, Kasen Hō), which was introduced in 1967. Rivers are classified by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT).
2025 UT Martin Skyhawks football team
The 2025 UT Martin Skyhawks football team represented the University of Tennessee at Martin as a member of the OVC–Big South Football Association during the 2025 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Skyhawks were led by 20th-year head coach Jason Simpson, the Skyhawks played their home games at Graham Stadium in Martin, Tennessee.

Graham Stadium
36°20′41″N 88°51′43″W﻿ / ﻿36.3447°N 88.8619°W﻿ / 36.3447; -88.8619

Hardy M. Graham Stadium is a 7,500-seat multi-purpose stadium in Martin, Tennessee. It is home to the University of Tennessee at Martin Skyhawks football team.  The facility opened in 1964.  It is located north of Tennessee State Route 431 (University Street, formerly Highway 22) from the central campus area, adjacent to the Ned McWherter Agricultural Complex.
Maryland statistical areas
The U.S. State of Maryland currently has 13 statistical areas that have been delineated by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). On July 21, 2023, the OMB delineated three combined statistical areas, six metropolitan statistical areas, and four micropolitan statistical areas in Maryland. As of 2023, the largest of these is the Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA CSA, comprising Washington, D.C. and its suburbs as well as Maryland's largest city of Baltimore and its capital, Annapolis.

Core-based statistical area
A core-based statistical area (CBSA) is a U.S. geographic area defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). It contains a large population nucleus, or urban area, and adjacent communities that have a high degree of integration with that nucleus.

On July 15, 2015, the OMB released new standards based on the 2010 census. These standards are used to replace the definitions of metropolitan areas from the 2010 United States census data.
Taee Village
Taee Village (formerly Munggu Babi (meaning, "Cold Hill") early 1900s, better known in Malay as Kampung Taee/Kampung Taie/Kampung Ta-ee) is a village in Serian, Sarawak. About 60 km from Kuching, Kampung Taee is situated directly at the foot of Mount Sadong, Serian. The village was moved and split into two villages, Kampung Taee and Kampung Plaman Nyabet. The village had a population of about 2200 people, the majority being Bidayuh, as well as Chinese, Malay, Iban & Indians. The language used there is Bidayuh Bukar.

Serian Division
Serian is a town, and the capital of the Serian separated on 11 April 2015 from Samarahan Division, Sarawak, Malaysia. It is about 64 kilometres (40 mi) from Kuching. Sub-district headquarters towns are Balai Ringin and Tebedu.

The town is known for its durians, which are popularly believed to be the best in Sarawak. This has prompted the Serian District Council to erect a giant monument to this "king of fruits" in the middle of the market square. The town is well connected to its rich hinterland both by road and by water and thus there is all sorts of jungle produce available in the jungle produce market but lately, most produce was brought in from Kalimantan, Indonesia as the price are cheaper.

The district population was 90,763 in 2010. About 65% of the population are Bidayuh. The other main ethnic groups are Iban, Chinese, and Malay.
2018 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 2018 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 121st staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896. The championship ran from 31 March to 8 October 2018.

Kilcormac–Killoughey entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 7 October 2018 at Bord na Móna O'Connor Park in Tullamore, between Coolderry and Kilcormac–Killoughey, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Coolderry won the match by 2–17 to 0–17 to claim their 31st championship title overall and a first title in three years.

Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The Offaly Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Molloy Environmental Senior Hurling Championship) is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Offaly GAA clubs. The Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1896.

Kilcormac–Killoughey are the title-holders, defeating shinrone by 1–24 to 2–14 in the 2025 final.