hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James E. Billie
James Edward Billie (born March 20, 1944), known as Chief Jim Billie, is a politician who chaired the Seminole Tribe of Florida from 1979 to 2001, and again from 2011 to 2016.

Billie's first tenure was the longest "of any elected leader in the Western Hemisphere, other than Fidel Castro," at 22 years. In 2001, he was impeached due to allegations of sexual misconduct. The source of the allegations later recanted and Billie won $600,000 in a lawsuit for wrongful impeachment. In 2011, he was re-elected to his former office, earning nearly 60% of the vote.

In 2005 Sarasota Magazine called Chief Billie “the most powerful American Indian leader of the past century.” He is best known for leading the tribe's success in the landmark Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida decision in 1996, upholding state and tribal sovereignty. In 2019 he was honored as a Florida Folk Heritage Award recipient.

Chickee
Chikee or Chickee ("house" in the Creek and Mikasuki languages spoken by the Seminoles and Miccosukees) is a shelter supported by posts, with a raised floor, a thatched roof and open sides. Chickees are also known as chickee huts, stilt houses, or platform dwellings.
The chickee style of architecture—palmetto thatch over a bald cypress log frame—was adopted by Seminoles during the Second (1835–1842) and Third (1855–1858) Seminole Wars as U.S. troops pushed them deeper into the Everglades and surrounding territory. Before the Second Seminole War, the Seminoles had lived in log cabins. Similar structures were used by the tribes in south Florida when the Spanish first arrived in the 16th century. Each chickee had its own purpose and together they were organized within a camp-type community. Chickees were used for cooking, sleeping, and eating.
Eucalyptus conferruminata
Eucalyptus conferruminata, commonly known as Bald Island marlock or bushy yate, is a small tree or mallee endemic to the south coast of Western Australia. It has smooth whitish and grey bark, elliptic to oblong or egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in fused in groups of between fifteen and twenty one, green to yellowish flowers and fruit forming a woody mass.

Recherche Archipelago
The Archipelago of the Recherche, known locally as the Bay of Isles, is a group of 105 islands, and over 1200 "obstacles to shipping", off the south coast of Western Australia. The islands stretch 230 km (140 mi) from east to west and to 50 km (31 mi) off-shore encompassing an area of approximately 4,000 square kilometres (1,544 sq mi).
The western group is near Esperance and the eastern group at Israelite Bay. They are located in coastal waters, part of which is designated the Recherche Archipelago Nature Reserve.
Korucu, Dargeçit
Korucu (Kurdish: Şikeftika) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Dargeçit, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Basiqil tribe and had a population of 15 in 2021.

Dargeçit
Dargeçit (Arabic: كربوران, Kurdish: Kerboran, Syriac: ܟܦܪܒܘܪܐܢ, romanized: Karburan) is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey. Its area is 519 km2, and its population is 27,147 (2022). The town is principally populated by Kurds of the Erebiyan tribe. It is located in the historic region of Tur Abdin.
Top sirloin
Top sirloin is a cut of beef from the primal loin or subprimal sirloin. Top sirloin steaks differ from sirloin steaks in that the bone and the tenderloin and bottom round muscles have been removed; the remaining major muscles are the gluteus medius and biceps femoris (top sirloin cap steak).

Beef tenderloin
A beef tenderloin (US English), known as an eye fillet in Australasia, filetto in Italy, oxfilé in Sweden, filet in France, filet mignon in Brazil, and fillet in the United Kingdom and South Africa, is cut from the loin of beef.
Olmeneta
Olmeneta (Cremunés: Ulmenéeda) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Milan and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) north of Cremona.

Olmeneta borders the following municipalities: Casalbuttano ed Uniti, Castelverde, Corte de' Cortesi con Cignone, Pozzaglio ed Uniti, Robecco d'Oglio.

San Giovanni Battista is the Roman Catholic parish church of the town.

Robecco d'Oglio
Robecco d'Oglio (Cremunés: Rubèch) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southeast of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Cremona.
Letter spacing
Letter spacing, character spacing or tracking is an optically consistent typographical adjustment to the space between letters to change the visual density of a line or block of text. Letter spacing is distinct from kerning, which adjusts the spacing of particular pairs of adjacent characters such as "7." which would appear to be badly spaced if left unadjusted, and leading, the spacing between lines.

Letter (alphabet)
In a writing system, a letter is a grapheme that generally corresponds to a phoneme—the smallest functional unit of speech—though there is rarely total one-to-one correspondence between the two. An alphabet is a writing system that uses letters.
Sevier County, Utah
Sevier County (/sɛˈvɪər/ sə-VEER) is a county in Utah, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 21,522. Its county seat and largest city is Richfield.

Pando, a clonal quaking aspen stand, that, according to some sources, is the oldest (80,000 years) and largest (106 acres, 13 million pounds) organism on Earth, is located in this county.

Clear Creek (Utah)
38°34′53″N 112°15′23″W﻿ / ﻿38.58139°N 112.25639°W﻿ / 38.58139; -112.25639
Clear Creek is a creek in Utah which joins the Sevier River near the city of Sevier. It flows alongside Interstate 70 just east of where I-70 meets I-15.

It is best known for its Fremont culture Native American archaeological finds and Fremont Indian State Park, which celebrates these finds.
Oudesluis, Schagen
Oudesluis is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Schagen, and lies about 21 km south of Den Helder.

The village was first mentioned around 1660 as Duycker Sluys. The current name means "old sluice". Oude (old) has been added after the Wieringerwaard was poldered to distinguish from Nieuwesluis. Oude Sluis was located on the former Zuiderzee until 1845.

The former Dutch Reformed church was built in 1861, because the old church had been damaged in a storm in 1859. In 1982, the church was sold for ƒ to a foundation and is nowadays used for cultural activities.

In 1867, a railway station opened on the Amsterdam to Den Helder railway line. It closed in 1949.

Nieuwesluis, North Holland
Nieuwesluis is a hamlet in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Hollands Kroon, and lies about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) southeast of Den Helder.

Nieuwesluis is considered part of Wieringerwaard. It has place name signs.
Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin, KG, PC (15 June 1645 – 15 September 1712) was a British Tory statesman. He was a Privy Councillor and Secretary of State for the Northern Department before he attained real power as First Lord of the Treasury. He was instrumental in negotiating and passing the Acts of Union 1707 with Scotland, which created the Kingdom of Great Britain. He had many other roles, including that of Governor of Scilly.

Secretary of State for the Northern Department
The secretary of state for the Northern Department was a position in the Cabinet of the government of Great Britain up to 1782. Following this, the Northern Department became the Foreign Office, and the position evolved into the foreign secretary.
Columbia boat
The Columbia boat was a type of inland boat, distinct from the York Boat, used to carry furs, trade goods, supplies, and passengers along the Columbia River during the fur trade era, c. 1811–1845. It needed to be large enough to carry substantial cargo, light enough to portage around such obstacles as falls and rapids, and made of locally sourced materials. It was modeled after the birchbark canoe used in waterways east of the Rocky Mountains, but was sheathed with thin cedar planks.

Boat Encampment
Boat Encampment is a ghost town in the East Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia, Canada. The locality was at the tip of the Big Bend on the north shore of the Columbia River. The general vicinity, on the former Big Bend Highway, was by road about 151 kilometres (94 mi) northwest of Golden and 159 kilometres (99 mi) north of Revelstoke.
Lefty-righty switch
In baseball, the lefty-righty switch is a maneuver by which a player who may be at a disadvantage against an opponent of a certain handedness is replaced by a substitute who is better suited for the situation.

For example, with a left-handed batter due to hit at a critical point in a game, a right-handed pitcher may be replaced by a left-handed relief pitcher, as pitchers generally fare better when pitching from the same side that a batter hits from. Similarly, with a left-handed pitcher in the game, teams may replace a left-handed batter with a right-handed pinch hitter, as batters generally fare better when hitting from the opposite side that a pitcher throws from.

Baseball field
A baseball field, also called a ball field or baseball diamond, is the field upon which the game of baseball is played. The term can also be used as a metonym for a baseball park. The term sandlot is sometimes used, although this usually refers to less organized venues for activities like sandlot ball.
Geography of Kolkata
Kolkata is located in the eastern part of India. It has spread linearly along the banks of the Hooghly River. The Kolkata Municipal Corporation has an area of 205 square kilometres. The city is near sea level, with the average elevation being 17 feet. The whole area is in the Ganges Delta which starts within 100 km south of the city. Most of the city was originally marshy wetlands, remnants of which can still be found especially towards the eastern parts of the city.

Kolkata metropolitan area
The Kolkata Metropolitan Area (abbreviated KMA; formerly Calcutta Metropolitan Area), also known as Greater Kolkata, is the urban agglomeration of the city of Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the third most populous metropolitan area in India after Delhi and Mumbai. The area is administered by the Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).
Backstairs Passage
The Backstairs Passage is a strait in South Australia lying between Fleurieu Peninsula on the Australian mainland and Dudley Peninsula on the eastern end of Kangaroo Island.  The western edge of the passage is a line from Cape Jervis on Fleurieu Peninsula to Kangaroo Head (west of Penneshaw) on Kangaroo Island. The Pages, a group of islets, lie in the eastern entrance to the strait.  About 14 km wide at its narrowest, it was formed by the rising sea around 13,000 years ago, at the end of the Pleistocene era, when it submerged the land connecting what is now Kangaroo Island with the Fleurieu Peninsula.  Backstairs Passage was named by Matthew Flinders whilst he and his crew on HMS Investigator were exploring and mapping the coastline of South Australia in 1802.

Penneshaw, South Australia
Penneshaw is a township in the Australian state of South Australia located on the northeast coast of the Dudley Peninsula on Kangaroo Island about 107 kilometres (66 mi) south of the state capital of Adelaide. It is the island's main ferry port with regular services from Cape Jervis. Penneshaw features a Maritime and Folk Museum, and evening tours to a colony of little penguin, the only species of penguin to breed in Australian waters. At the 2011 census, Penneshaw had a population of 276.

Originally known as Hog Bay due to the pigs released by French Commander Nicholas Baudin, Penneshaw was named after a combination of the names of Dr. F.W.Pennefather, private secretary to Governor Jervois, and Flora Louisa Shaw, The Times colonial editor, a visitor to Government House.

South Australia's first modern seawater desalination plant was established at Penneshaw in the 1990s, to supplement the town's limited dam water supply.
IS tank family
The IS tanks (Russian: ИС) were a series of heavy tanks developed as a successor to the KV-series by the Soviet Union during World War II. The IS acronym is the anglicized initialism of Joseph Stalin (Ио́сиф Ста́лин, Iosif Stalin). The heavy tanks were designed as a response to the capture of a German Tiger I in 1943. They were mainly designed as breakthrough tanks, firing a heavy high-explosive shell that was useful against entrenchments and bunkers. The IS-2 went into service in April 1944 and was used as a spearhead by the Red Army in the final stage of the Battle of Berlin. The IS-3 served on the Chinese-Soviet border, the Hungarian Revolution, the Prague Spring and on both sides of the Six-Day War. The series eventually culminated in the T-10 heavy tank.

Elefant
Elefant (German for "elephant") was a heavy tank destroyer (self-propelled anti-tank gun) used by German Panzerjäger (anti-tank) units during World War II. Ninety-one units were built in 1943 under the name Ferdinand (after its designer Ferdinand Porsche) using VK 45.01 (P) tank hulls which had been produced for the Tiger I tank before the competing Henschel design had been selected.

Following their use at the battle of Kursk, in January to April 1944 the surviving Ferdinands received modifications and upgrades. They were renamed Elefant in May 1944. The official German designation was Panzerjäger Tiger (P) and the ordnance inventory designation was Sd.Kfz. 184.
University of North Carolina at Pembroke
The University of North Carolina at Pembroke (UNC Pembroke or UNCP) is a public university in Pembroke, North Carolina, United States. UNC Pembroke is a master's level degree-granting university and part of the University of North Carolina system. Its history is intertwined with that of the Lumbee nation.

North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Carolina Senate. Representatives serve two-year terms.

The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution: "Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election." Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that qualified voters that are 21 are eligible for candidacy except if otherwise disqualified by the constitution, and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although the latter provision is no longer enforced.

Prior to the Constitution of 1868, the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature was known as the North Carolina House of Commons.
2021 Arctic Race of Norway
The 2021 Arctic Race of Norway was a road cycling stage race that took place between 5 and 8 August 2021. Though the race took place mostly in Troms county, Norway. The race also made a brief appearance in Finland, marking the first time that the race ventured outside of Norway. It was the eighth edition of the Arctic Race of Norway, which was rated as a 2.Pro event on the 2021 UCI Europe Tour and the 2021 UCI ProSeries calendars. This edition was the race's first in the UCI ProSeries; the 2020 edition was expected to feature in the inaugural UCI ProSeries but was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

2021 UCI ProSeries
The 2021 UCI ProSeries is the second season of the UCI ProSeries, the second tier road cycling tour, below the UCI World Tour, but above the various regional UCI Continental Circuits.

The 2021 season initially consisted of 55 events of which 28 were one-day races (1.Pro) and 27 were stage races (2.Pro). There were 47 events in Europe, 5 in Asia, 2 in the United States and 1 in Argentina.

During January 2021, five races were cancelled and three were postponed, leaving 47 races in the 2021 UCI ProSeries season. Two races were added to the calendar (the Dwars door het Hageland and Eurométropole Tour), bringing the number of races scheduled to 49 in early February.
Ni'isjoohl totem pole
The Ni'isjoohl totem pole is a memorial pole created and owned by the Nisga'a people of British Columbia, Canada. The pole had been held in the National Museum of Scotland and its predecessors for almost a century before being returned to the Nisga'a Nation. It is held by the Nisg̱aʼa Museum in Lax̱g̱alts'ap.

Commissioned in the 19th century by a member of the House of Ni'isjoohl, the pole was removed to Scotland in the 1920s by Canadian ethnographer Marius Barbeau at the request of the Royal Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh. While efforts had been made to facilitate its return, the National Museum of Scotland did not agree to return the pole until 2022. The following summer, the removal began, and the pole arrived in Lax̱g̱alts'ap in September 2023.

The pole is the second in Europe to be returned to its Indigenous creators in Canada, following the return of the G'psgolox totem pole at the Swedish Museum of Ethnography in 2006.

National Museums Scotland
National Museums Scotland (NMS; Scottish Gaelic: Taighean-tasgaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government. It runs the national museums of Scotland.

NMS is one of the country's National Collections, and holds internationally important collections of natural sciences, decorative arts, world cultures, science and technology, and Scottish history and archaeology.
Sanchipat
Sanchipat (Assamese: সাঁচিপাত, sāncipāt/sān̐cipāta, lit. 'sanchi leaves'; pronounced "bancipat") or sanchi manuscripts (Assamese: sanchi puthi) are Assamese-culture manuscripts made from the bark of the sānci aloe tree, Aquilaria malaccensis. Strips or 'leaves' of bark (agarutvak) are centrally perforated and strung together, similar to a palm-leaf manuscript. Sanchipat are used prominently in traditional Assamese literature, Hindu texts, and Assamese manuscript painting. The manuscripts' material construction is pest-resistant and resistant to decomposition.

Assamese literature
Assamese literature is the entire corpus of poetry, novels, short stories, plays, documents and other writings in the Assamese language. It also includes the literary works in the older forms of the language during its evolution to the contemporary form and its cultural heritage and tradition. The literary heritage of the Assamese language can be traced back to the c. 9–10th century in the Charyapada (IAST: caryāpada), where the earliest elements of the language can be discerned.

Banikanta Kakati divides the history of Assamese literature into three prominent eras—Early Assamese, Middle Assamese and Modern Assamese—which is generally accepted.
2022 Las Vegas Challenger
The 2022 Las Vegas Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the seventh edition of the revamped tournament which was the part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Las Vegas, United States between 24 and 30 October 2022.

Las Vegas Challenger
The Las Vegas Challenger is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It was held annually for many years through 2000 in Las Vegas, Nevada, and was brought back starting in the 2015 season.
Finemere Wood
Finemere Wood is a 45.7-hectare (113-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest near Quainton in Buckinghamshire. It is managed by the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust and the planning authorities are Aylesbury Vale District Council and Buckinghamshire County Council.

The wood was formerly part of Bernwood Forest, a medieval royal hunting forest. Most of the site is ancient pedunculate oak forest, which has butterflies including the rare wood white and black hairstreak. There is also an area of rough grassland and scrub which is crossed by the River Ray.

The site is open at all times and there is access from the road between Quainton and Edgcott.

Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust
The Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust (BBOWT) is a Wildlife Trust covering the counties of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire in England.

The trust was formerly called the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Naturalists' Trust (BBONT).
Guajará-Mirim State Park
The Guajará-Mirim State Park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual de Guajará-Mirim) is a state park in the state of Rondônia, Brazil.
It protects an area of savanna forest and transition into rainforest.
It is in an area where there is great pressure from loggers and ranchers. A road was illegally cut through the park, apparently by loggers supported by local politicians. 
This received federal approval after the fact, since it provides access to areas otherwise cut off by flooding of the Madeira River.

State park (Brazil)
A state park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual) in Brazil is a legally defined type of protected area operated by one of the states.
Their goal is to preserve important or beautiful natural ecosystems.
Public access is allowed subject to regulations defined by the responsible agency.
French grammar
French grammar is the set of rules by which the French language creates statements, questions and commands. In many respects, it is quite similar to that of the other Romance languages.

French is a moderately inflected language. Nouns and most pronouns are inflected for number (singular or plural, though in most nouns the plural is pronounced the same as the singular even if spelled differently); adjectives, for number and gender (masculine or feminine) of their nouns; personal pronouns and a few other pronouns, for person, number, gender, and case; and verbs, for tense, aspect, mood, and the person and number of their subjects. Case is primarily marked using word order and prepositions, while certain verb features are marked using auxiliary verbs.

Gerund
In linguistics, a gerund (/ˈdʒɛrənd, -ʌnd/ abbreviated ger) is any of various nonfinite verb forms in various languages; most often, but not exclusively, it is one that functions as a noun. The name is derived from Late Latin gerundium, meaning "which is to be carried out". In English, the gerund has the properties of both verb and noun, such as being modifiable by an adverb and being able to take a direct object. The term "-ing form" is often used in English to refer to the gerund specifically. Traditional grammar makes a distinction within -ing forms between present participles and gerunds, a distinction that is not observed in such modern grammars as A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language and The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language.
Round Table—Free Georgia
Round Table—Free Georgia (Georgian: მრგვალი მაგიდა — თავისუფალი საქართველო, romanized: mrgvali magida — tavisupali sakartvelo) was an alliance of Georgian political parties led by Zviad Gamsakhurdia. It played a decisive role in the restoration of independence of Georgia and was a governing coalition from 1990 until 1992.

Pro-Europeanism
Pro-Europeanism, sometimes called European Unionism, is a political position that favours European integration and membership of the European Union (EU). The opposite of Pro-Europeanism is Euroscepticism.