hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giovan Battista Nicolosi
Giovan Battista Nicolosi D.D. (14 October 1610 – 19 January 1670) was a Sicilian priest and geographer. Nicolosi proposed a new projection for the construction of the world map in two hemispheres, known today as the Nicolosi globular projection, in which the parallels and meridians are arcs of the circle and equidistant along the equator and central meridian.

Treccani
Institute Giovanni Treccani for the publication of the Italian Encyclopedia (Italian: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana - Treccani), also known as Treccani Institute or simply Treccani, is a cultural institution of national interest, active in the publishing field, founded by Giovanni Treccani and Giovanni Gentile in 1925. It is known for publishing the first edition and the subsequent ten supplements of the Italian Encyclopaedia of Science, Literature and Arts (Italian: Enciclopedia Italiana di scienze, lettere ed arti).
Children's Castle
Children's Castle (Lastenlinna) is a former children's hospital in Helsinki, Finland. It was part of Helsinki University Central Hospital.

The hospital was established in 1918 in the Kallio district of Helsinki. The building was designed by the Finnish architect Elsi Borg. Its current building in Taka-Töölö was completed in 1948.

Pediatrician Arvo Ylppö was the hospital chief of Children's Castle from 1920 to 1963, as was Terttu Arajärvi from 1973 to 1985.

The hospital was discontinued in 2018 when the New Children's Hospital was opened.

Children's hospital
A children's hospital (CH) is a hospital that offers its services exclusively to infants, children, adolescents, and young adults from birth up to until age 18, and through age 21 and older in the United States. In certain special cases, they may also treat adults. The number of children's hospitals proliferated in the 20th century, as pediatric medical and surgical specialties separated from internal medicine and adult surgical specialties.
Shakespeare's handwriting
William Shakespeare's handwriting is known from six surviving signatures, all of which appear on legal documents. It is believed by many scholars that three pages of the handwritten manuscript of the play Sir Thomas More are also in William Shakespeare's handwriting. This is based on scholarly studies that considered handwriting, spelling, vocabulary, literary aspects, and other factors.

Edward Maunde Thompson
Sir Edward Maunde Thompson GCB FBA (4 May 1840 – 14 September 1929) was a British palaeographer and Principal Librarian and first director of the British Museum.

He is noted for his handbook of Greek and Latin palaeography and for his study of William Shakespeare's handwriting in the manuscript of the play Sir Thomas More.
Breathing gas
A breathing gas is a mixture of gaseous chemical elements and compounds used for respiration. Air is the most common and only natural breathing gas, but other mixtures of gases, or pure oxygen, are also used in breathing equipment and enclosed habitats. Oxygen is the essential component for any breathing gas. Breathing gases for hyperbaric use have been developed to improve on the performance of ordinary air by reducing the risk of decompression sickness, reducing the duration of decompression, reducing nitrogen narcosis or reducing work of breathing and allowing safer deep diving.

Inhalational anesthetic
An inhalational anesthetic is a chemical compound possessing general anesthetic properties that is delivered via inhalation. They are administered through a face mask, laryngeal mask airway or tracheal tube connected to an anesthetic vaporiser and an anesthetic delivery system. Agents of significant contemporary clinical interest include volatile anesthetic agents such as isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane, as well as certain anesthetic gases such as nitrous oxide and xenon.
Parallax Propeller
The Parallax P8X32A Propeller is a multi-core processor parallel computer architecture microcontroller chip with eight 32-bit reduced instruction set computer (RISC) central processing unit (CPU) cores. Introduced in 2006, it is designed and sold by Parallax, Inc.

The Propeller microcontroller, Propeller assembly language, and Spin interpreter were designed by Parallax's cofounder and president, Chip Gracey. The Spin programming language and Propeller Tool integrated development environment (IDE) were designed by Chip Gracey and Parallax's software engineer Jeff Martin.

On August 6, 2014, Parallax Inc. released all of the Propeller 1 P8X32A hardware and tools as open-source hardware and software under the GNU General Public License (GPL) 3.0. This included the Verilog code, top-level hardware description language (HDL) files, Spin interpreter, PropellerIDE and SimpleIDE programming tools and compilers.

In 2020, the Parallax Propeller 2 (P2X8C4M64P) was released.

Thread (computing)
In computer science, a thread of execution is the smallest sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently by a scheduler, which is typically a part of the operating system. In many cases, a thread is a component of a process.

The multiple threads of a given process may be executed concurrently (via multithreading capabilities), sharing resources such as memory, while different processes do not share these resources. In particular, the threads of a process share its executable code and the values of its dynamically allocated variables and non-thread-local global variables at any given time.

The implementation of threads and processes differs between operating systems.
SS Mercer Victory
SS Mercer Victory was a Boulder Victory-class cargo ship built for World War II.  Mercer  Victory, a Victory ship, was launched 14 March 1945 by Permanente Metals Corporation, Richmond, California and operated by the States Marine Line. At the ceremonial ship launching, Mercer University President Spright Dowell said the SS Mercer Victory should strive: “to do her full-part for the national defense” and “to study a plan for after war conditions and needs.”

Victory ship
The Victory ship is a ship class of cargo ship produced in large numbers by American shipyards during World War II. They were a more modern design compared to the earlier Liberty ship, were slightly larger and had more powerful steam turbine engines, giving higher speed to allow participation in high-speed convoys and make them more difficult targets for German U-boats.  A total of 534 Victory ships were built in between 1944 and 1946.
Florentino Suico
Mandauehanon Florentino Suico (14 March 1902 – 1981) was a Filipino Visayan public school teacher and prolific writer, fictionist, poet, and journalist from Cebu, Philippines. He was known for his historical fiction written in Cebuano language.

Visayans
Visayans (Cebuano: mga Bisayâ [bisaˈjaʔ]) are a Philippine ethnolinguistic family group or metaethnicity native to the Visayas, to the southernmost islands south of Luzon, and to a significant portion of Mindanao. They are composed of numerous distinct ethnic groups. When taken as a single group, they number around 45.5 million. The Visayans, like the Luzon Lowlanders (Tagalogs, Bicolanos, Ilocanos, etc.) were originally predominantly animist-polytheists and broadly share a maritime culture until the 16th 
century when the Spanish Empire enforced Catholicism as the state religion. In more inland or otherwise secluded areas, ancient animistic-polytheistic beliefs and traditions either were reinterpreted within a Roman Catholic framework or syncretized with the new religion. Visayans are generally speakers of one or more of the distinct Bisayan languages, the most widely spoken being Cebuano, followed by Hiligaynon (Ilonggo) and Waray-Waray.
Vavuniya railway station
Vavuniya railway station (Tamil: வவுனியா தொடருந்து நிலையம் Vavuṉiyā toṭaruntu nilaiyam) is a railway station in the city of Vavuniya in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The popular Yarl Devi service calls at the station and the also popular service Rajarata Rejini terminates at the station, which starts at Matara in down south. No services operated north of Vavuniya after 1990 due to the civil war. Reconstruction of this section of the line commenced following the end of the civil war in 2009. Currently services operate up to KKS.

Kankesanthurai railway station
Kankesanthurai railway station (Tamil: காங்கேசன்துறை தொடருந்து நிலையம் Kāṅkēcaṉtuṟai toṭaruntu nilaiyam) is a railway station in the town of Kankesanthurai in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The station was not functioning between 1990 and 2015 due to the civil war. The Northern Line between Jaffna and Kankesanthurai was re-opened on 2 January 2015.
Mroga Dolna
Mroga Dolna [ˈmrɔɡa ˈdɔlna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rogów, within Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Rogów, 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Brzeziny, and 25 km (16 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Rogów, Brzeziny County
Rogów [ˈrɔɡuf] is a village in Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Rogów. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) east of Brzeziny and 29 km (18 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.
Swarm Gallery
Swarm Gallery was an art gallery located in the Jack London Square neighborhood of Oakland, California in the United States.  Swarm, which opened in 2006 and closed in 2013, exhibited contemporary art and was owned by Svea Lin Soll. It focused on the work of San Francisco Bay Area artists, but not exclusively. It had an entire gallery space devoted to installation art. Swarm featured contemporary work by emerging and established artists through exhibitions, flat files, studio space and programs, and was an experimental platform for sound, video, and installation-based work. Over the span of seven and a half years, Swarm Gallery presented over 70 exhibitions with some of the Bay Area's most beloved artists, provided 11 on-site rentals studios to more than 40 artists, and hosted hundreds of events and musical programs. The gallery participated in Art Murmur.  In 2011, it was voted "Best Art Gallery" in the Readers' Poll in the East Bay Express Best of the East Bay.

East Bay Express
The East Bay Express is an Oakland-based weekly newspaper serving the Berkeley, Oakland and East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. It is distributed throughout Alameda County and parts of Contra Costa County every Wednesday.

The Express is known for its investigative and longform news and feature stories, along with its arts, food and wine coverage. The paper is also well known for its opinionated viewpoint and for engaging in advocacy journalism.

A typical issue of the Express contains one or two in-depth news stories; an "Eco Watch" column about environmental issues; a political column called Seven Days; a cover story, events and music listings; music, dining and movie reviews; a culture column; a parenting column; a tech column; and the syndicated Free Will Astrology column. Daedalus Howell served as editor-at-large after its sale by Telegraph Media to Metro Newspapers in the spring of 2020. As of September 1, 2023, Samantha Campos was named editor.
Rahgan Rural District
Rahgan Rural District (Persian: دهستان راهگان) is in Rahgan District of Khafr County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Bagh-e Kabir. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Tadavan.

Rahgan District
Rahgan District (Persian: بخش راهگان) is in Khafr County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Khavaran, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 4,332 people in 1,533 households.
Brian Reynolds (politician)
Brian Reynolds (born 1968 or 1969) is a Maliseet politician. He is the non-voting representative for the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians in the Maine House of Representatives. He is also the Tribal Administrator for the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians.

Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians
The Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians of Maine (HBMI) (Malecite-Passamaquoddy: Metaksonekiyak Wolastoqewiyik (MW))  is a federally recognized tribe of Maliseet, whose land is along the Meduxnekeag River in Maine, United States. They are headquartered in Littleton, Maine, located in Aroostook County.

This Houlton Band is related to the larger Maliseet First Nations of New Brunswick, Canada. The Maliseet have traditionally occupied areas of the Saint John River valley, including its tributary, the Meduxnekeag River. When Great Britain and the United States established a boundary through this area under the Jay Treaty of 1794, the Maliseet were given the right to freely cross the border with Canada, as it was within their ancestral territory. The Houlton Band was invited to take a nonvoting seat in the Maine Legislature, starting with the 126th Legislature in 2013.
The Chameleon (party game)
The Chameleon is a deception party game designed by Rikki Tahta and published in 2017 by Big Potato Games. All players except one—the "Chameleon"—are given a secret topic and attempt to identify the Chameleon, while the Chameleon attempts to identify the topic, using social deduction.

Party game
Party games are games that are played at social gatherings to facilitate interaction and provide entertainment and recreation. Categories include (explicit) icebreaker, parlour (indoor), picnic (outdoor), and large group games. Other types include pairing off (partnered) games, and parlour races. Different games will generate different atmospheres so the party game may merely be intended as an icebreakers, or the sole purpose for or structure of the party. As such, party games aim to include players of various skill levels and player-elimination is rare. Party games are intended to be played socially, and are designed to be easy for new players to learn.
Ankleshwar Junction railway station
Ankleshwar Junction railway station  is a railway station serving Ankleshwar town, in Bharuch district of Gujarat State of India. It is under Vadodara railway division of Western Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is located on New Delhi–Mumbai main line of the Indian Railways.

It is located at 20 m above sea level and has four platforms. As of 2016, electrified double broad-gauge railway line exist and at this station, 87 trains stops and one train each originates and terminates. Surat Airport, is at distance of 65 kilo meters.

Vadodara railway division
Vadodara railway division is one of the six railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Western Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 1 April 1952 and its headquarter is located at Vadodara in the state of Gujarat of India.

Mumbai WR railway division, Ahmedabad railway division, Bhavnagar railway division, Rajkot railway division   and Ratlam railway division are the other five railway divisions under WR Zone headquartered at  Churchgate, Mumbai.
Bacteroidales-1 RNA motif
The Bacteroidales-1 RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure identified by bioinformatics.  It has been identified only in bacteria within the order (biology) Bacteroidales.  Its presumed length is marked by a promoter on one end that conforms to an alternate consensus sequence that is common in the phylum Bacteroidota, and its 3′ end is indicated by predicted transcription terminators.  It is often located downstream of a gene that encodes the L20 ribosomal subunit, although it is unclear whether there is a functional reason underlying this apparent association.

Bacteroidales-1 RNA motif has been reported as a 6S RNA homologue by a report of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron transcriptome map. The existence of small product RNAs (pRNAs) that rescue sequestered RNA polymerases, validated 6S RNA-mediated regulation of transcriptional activity.

6S / SsrS RNA
In the field of molecular biology, the 6S RNA is a non-coding RNA that was one of the first to be identified and sequenced. What it does in the bacterial cell was unknown until recently. In the early 2000s, scientists found out the function of 6S RNA to be as a regulator of sigma 70-dependent gene transcription. All bacterial RNA polymerases have a subunit called a sigma factor. The sigma factors are important because they control how DNA promoter binding and RNA transcription start sites. Sigma 70 was the first one to be discovered in Escherichia coli.
Battle of Bangassou
On January 3, 2021, rebels from the CPC coalition and FPRC attacked Bangassou, the capital of Mbomou, Central African Republic, sparking clashes with MINUSCA peacekeepers. The CPC captured Bangassou within hours on January 3, forcing thousands of civilians to flee to the Democratic Republic of the Congo or to the MINUSCA base in Bangassou. The CPC abandoned the city on January 17 following an ultimatum by MINUSCA. The battle of Bangassou was part of a larger series of CPC attacks on Central African cities during and after the 2020–21 Central African general election.

Bangassou
Bangassou is a city in the southeastern of Central African Republic, lying on the north bank of the Mbomou River. It has a population of 24,447 (2003 census) and is the capital of the Mbomou prefecture. It is known for its wildlife, market, and nearby Bangassou Airport and is linked by ferry to the Democratic Republic of Congo on the south bank.  The city is also home to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bangassou.

Axmin Mining Camp and Kembé Falls are located in the area.
Mariusz Lewandowski
Mariusz Lewandowski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈmarjuʂ lɛvanˈdɔfski]; born 18 May 1979) is a Polish professional football manager and former player. He was most recently in charge of Polish I liga club Bruk-Bet Termalica Nieciecza.

He was mostly a central defender and could also play as a defensive midfielder. He spent the majority of his club career with Ukrainian side Shakhtar Donetsk, with whom he won the UEFA Cup, five Ukrainian Premier League titles and 3 Ukrainian Cups. In 2009, he was named the Polish Footballer of the Year.

Ukrainian Super Cup
The Ukrainian Super Cup (Ukrainian: Суперкубок України) is an association football game of the Ukrainian Premier League in traditional super cup format that acts as the grand-opening for every new football competition season in Ukraine. Originally it was set as a contest between the winners of the previous season's Ukrainian Championship and Ukrainian Cup. From 2008 through 2014, it was branded as the Inter Super Cup of Ukraine, in 2017 – Super Cup Fokstrot.

Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the competition is currently suspended.
Mountains and hills of Scotland
Scotland is the most mountainous country in the United Kingdom. Scotland's mountain ranges can be divided in a roughly north to south direction into: the Scottish Highlands, the Central Belt and the Southern Uplands, the latter two primarily belonging to the Scottish Lowlands. The highlands eponymously contains the country's main mountain ranges, but hills and mountains are to be found south of these as well. The below lists are not exhaustive; there are countless subranges throughout the country.

Ben Nevis (Beinn Nibheis), the highest mountain in Scotland and the United Kingdom at 1,344.527 metres (4,411.18 ft), is in the Highland region at the western end of the Grampian Mountains. A Scottish mountain over 914.4 metres (3,000 ft) is referred to as a Munro, of which there are 282.

As of 2019, hundreds of thousands of people visit mountains in Scotland every winter and about 130,000 climb to the summit of Ben Nevis every year.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
Killygordon
Killygordon (Irish: Cúil na gCuirridín) is a village in the Finn Valley in the east of County Donegal, Ireland. As of 2022, the population was 716. It is located on the N15 between Stranorlar and Castlefin. The separate hamlet of  Crossroads, locally known as The Cross, lies half a mile from Killygordon. The townland of Liscooley is about 2 miles from Killygordon. The River Finn passes by Killygordon village on its way towards its confluence with the River Mourne and the River Foyle.

Finn Harps F.C.
Finn Harps Football Club is an Irish football club that play in the First Division of the League of Ireland, as of 2023. The club was founded in 1954 and elected to the league in 1969. They hail from Ballybofey, County Donegal and play their home matches at Finn Park in Ballybofey. The club's colours are blue and white, and they go by the nickname Harps. The main successes of the club include winning an FAI Cup in 1973–74 and the First Division title in 2004. They also contested the 1999 FAI Cup Final, a second replay of which ended in a narrow defeat, the first replay having been lost to a draw with 30 seconds left to play.

Finn Harps share a local rivalry with Derry City with whom they contest the Northwest Derby.
Ukrainian architecture
Ukrainian architecture has initial roots in the Eastern Slavic state of Kievan Rus'. After the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus', the distinct architectural history continued in the principalities of Galicia–Volhynia and later in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. During the epoch of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, a style unique to Ukraine developed under the influences of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

After the union with the Tsardom of Russia, architecture in Ukraine began to develop in different directions, with many structures in the larger eastern, Russian-ruled area built in the styles of Russian architecture of that period, whilst the western Galicia was developed under Austro-Hungarian architectural influences, in both cases producing fine examples. Despite this, Ukrainian national motifs would continue to be used and have seen a resurgence starting from the early 20th century, during some periods of the Soviet era and in modern independent Ukraine.

Kryvyi Rih Metrotram
The Kryvyi Rih Metrotram (colloquially: Kryvyi Rih Metro), officially the Kryvyi Rih Rapid Tram (Ukrainian: Криворізький швидкісний трамвай, romanized: Kryvorizkyi shvydkisnyi tramvai) is a partially underground rapid transit light rail system that serves the city of Kryvyi Rih, the seventh-largest city in Ukraine. Similar systems in other parts of Europe are known as pre-metro or Stadtbahn.
Veliko Širje
Veliko Širje (pronounced [ˈʋeːlikɔ ˈʃiːɾjɛ]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Laško in eastern Slovenia. It lies in hills above the right bank of the Savinja River north of Zidani Most. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Zidani Most
Zidani Most (pronounced [ˈziːdani ˈmoːst]; German: Steinbrück) is a settlement in the Municipality of Laško in eastern Slovenia. It lies at the confluence of the Sava and Savinja rivers. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region. It is an important railway station and junction.