hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1954 1000 km Buenos Aires
The 1954 1000 km Buenos Aires was a motor race for sports cars which was held on January 24 at the Autódromo Municipal-Avenida Paz, (Buenos Aires, Argentina). It was the opening race of the 1954 World Sportscar Championship and was also the inaugural 1000 km Buenos Aires. The race was won by Giuseppe Farina and Umberto Maglioli, driving a Ferrari 375 MM

1954 World Sportscar Championship
The 1954 World Sportscar Championship was a motor racing competition for Sportscars. It was the second FIA World Sportscar Championship. It featured a series of six endurance races, contested from 24 January to 23 November 1954. The championship was won by Ferrari.
Italian submarine Scirè (1938)
Italian submarine Scirè was an Adua-class submarine, built in the 1930s which served during World War II in the Regia Marina. It was named after a northern region of Ethiopia, at the time part of Italian East Africa.

Human torpedo
Human torpedoes or manned torpedoes are a type of diver propulsion vehicle on which the diver rides, generally in a seated position behind a fairing. They were used as secret naval weapons in World War II. The basic concept is still in use.

The name was commonly used to refer to the weapons that Italy, and later (with a larger version) Britain, deployed in the Mediterranean and used to attack ships in enemy harbours. The human torpedo concept has occasionally been used by recreational divers, although this use is closer to midget submarines.

More broadly, the term human torpedo was used in the past to refer to vehicles which are now referred to as wet submarines and diver propulsion vehicles. Midget submarines which are employed to directly support frogman operations, whether possessing airlocks or not, if used as underwater tugs to transport equipment and frogmen clinging to their exterior, also blur the line between the human torpedo and more sophisticated underwater vehicles.
Henry McGhee
Henry George McGhee (3 July 1898 – 6 February 1959) was a British Labour Party politician.

He was educated in Lurgan, County Armagh and Glasgow and was a dentist. He was elected at the 1935 general election as Member of Parliament (MP) for Penistone in the West Riding of Yorkshire and held the seat until his death in 1959 aged 60.

During the late 1930s he was a member of the Parliamentary Pacifist Group.  In the late 1940s, he was treasurer of the Friends of Ireland.

His successor at the by-election following his death was John Mendelson.

He was the son of Irish MP, Richard McGhee.

Penistone (UK Parliament constituency)
Penistone was a Parliamentary constituency covering the town of Penistone in Yorkshire and surrounding countryside.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first-past-the-post voting system.
Deaths of the Neville-Lake children
The deaths of the Neville-Lake children occurred on September 27, 2015 when Daniel, Harrison, and Milagros (Milly) Neville-Lake, and their grandfather, Gary Neville, were killed by a drunk driver, Marco Michael Muzzo, who sped through a stop sign and collided with their vehicle in Vaughan, Ontario. The incident and aftermath received significant media attention in Canada not only because of the young age of most of the victims, but also because of Muzzo’s wealth and status.

Drunk driving
Drunk driving (or drink-driving in British English) is the act of driving under the influence of alcohol. A small increase in the blood alcohol content increases the relative risk of a motor vehicle crash.

In the United States, alcohol is involved in 32% of all traffic fatalities.
Zlogona Vas
Zlogona Vas (pronounced [ˈzloːɡɔna ˈʋaːs], Slovene: Zlogona vas) is a village in the Municipality of Oplotnica in eastern Slovenia. It lies in the hills northeast of Čadram. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

Two small roadside chapels in the settlement date to 1867 and the early 20th century.

Čadram
Čadram (pronounced [ˈtʃaːdɾam], German: Tschadram) is a settlement in the Municipality of Oplotnica in eastern Slovenia. It lies immediately east of Oplotnica itself. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

A church on Lačna gora hill northwest of the settlement is dedicated to Saints Hermagoras and Fortunatus and belongs to the parish of Čadram-Oplotnica. It dates to the 14th century with 17th-century restyling.
Telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide
Telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Micardis HCT among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used to treat high blood pressure. It is a combination of telmisartan an angiotensin II receptor antagonist with hydrochlorothiazide a diuretic. It may be used if telmisartan by itself is not sufficient. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include dizziness, upper respiratory tract infections, nausea, diarrhea, and tiredness. Severe side effects may include kidney problems, electrolyte problems, and allergic reactions. Use during pregnancy may harm the baby. Telmisartan works by blocking the effects of angiotensin II while hydrochlorothiazide works by decreasing the kidneys' ability to retain water.

The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in November 2000, and in the European Union in April 2002. The combination is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication.

Angiotensin II receptor blocker
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), formally angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists, also known as angiotensin receptor blockers, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, or AT1 receptor antagonists, are a group of pharmaceuticals that bind to and inhibit the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) and thereby block the arteriolar contraction and sodium retention effects of renin–angiotensin system.

Their main uses are in the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure), diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage due to diabetes) and congestive heart failure. They selectively block the activation of the AT1 receptor, preventing the binding of angiotensin II compared to ACE inhibitors.

ARBs and the similar-attributed ACE inhibitors are both indicated as the first-line antihypertensives in patients developing hypertension along with left-sided heart failure. However, ARBs appear to produce fewer adverse effects compared to ACE inhibitors.
NGC 4490
NGC 4490, also known as the Cocoon Galaxy, is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 14 January 1788. It is known to be of the closest interacting/merging galactic system. The galaxy lies at a distance of 25 million light years from Earth making it located in the local universe. It interacts with its smaller companion NGC 4485 and as a result is a starburst galaxy. NGC 4490 and NGC 4485 are collectively known in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as Arp 269.  The two galaxies have already made their closest approach and are rushing away from each other. It has been discovered that NGC 4490 has a double nucleus.

NGC 4490 is located 3/4° northwest of beta Canum Venaticorum and with apparent visual magnitude 9.8, can be observed with 15x100 binoculars. It is a member of the Herschel 400 Catalogue. It belongs to the Canes II Group. NGC 4490 has a system of satellite galaxies oriented roughly in a plane.

Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies
The Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies is a catalog of peculiar galaxies produced by Halton Arp in 1966. A total of 338 galaxies are presented in the atlas, which was originally published in 1966 by the California Institute of Technology. The primary goal of the catalog was to present photographs of examples of the different kinds of peculiar structures found among galaxies.
The Cool School (2008 film)
The Cool School is a 2008 American documentary film about the rise of the Los Angeles contemporary art scene. It was directed by Morgan Neville and narrated by Jeff Bridges. The documentary premièred at the Cleveland International Film Festival.

It focused on the Ferus Gallery, and its founders, Walter Hopps and Ed Kienholz. It profiled numerous artists, including Ed Ruscha, Craig Kauffman, Wallace Berman, Ed Moses, John Altoon, and Robert Irwin.

The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes surveyed 26 critics and, categorizing the reviews as positive or negative, assessed 24 as positive and 2 as negative for a 92 percent rating. Among the reviews, it determined an average rating of 7.00 out of 10. The critics consensus reads "A breezy and lively modern art documentary, revealing that LA is not a cultural wasteland when it comes to fine art."

Edward Ruscha
Edward Joseph Ruscha IV (/ruːˈʃeɪ/, roo-SHAY; born December 16, 1937) is an American artist associated with the pop art movement. He has worked in the media of painting, printmaking, drawing, photography, and film. He is also noted for creating several artist's books. Ruscha lives and works in Culver City, California.
Oliver Pollock
Oliver Pollock (1737, Bready, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland – December 17, 1823, Pinckneyville, Mississippi) was a merchant and financier of the American Revolutionary War, of which he has long been considered a historically undervalued figure. He is often credited with inventing the U.S. Dollar sign in 1778.

Cumberland County, Pennsylvania
Cumberland County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 259,469. Its county seat is Carlisle. Cumberland County is included in the Harrisburg–Carlisle metropolitan statistical area. The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.
Porous silicon
Porous silicon (abbreviated as "PS" or "pSi") is a form of the chemical element silicon that has introduced nanopores in its microstructure, rendering a large surface to volume ratio in the order of 500 m2/cm3.

Etching (microfabrication)
Etching is used in microfabrication to chemically remove layers from the surface of a wafer during manufacturing. Etching is a critically important process module in fabrication, and every wafer undergoes many etching steps before it is complete.

For many etch steps, part of the wafer is protected from the etchant by a "masking" material which resists etching.  In some cases, the masking material is a photoresist which has been patterned using photolithography. Other situations require a more durable mask, such as silicon nitride.
Calkins Peak
Calkins Peak, is a peak also known as Calkens, O'Calkens Peak, Caulkens Peak, and O'Caulkens Peak. At an elevation of 11,487 feet (3,501 m) above sea level it is the second highest peak in the White Cloud Mountains of Idaho. The peak is located in Sawtooth National Recreation Area in Custer County about 5.75 mi (9.25 km) north-northwest of Castle Peak, its line parent. It is the 46th highest peak in Idaho, and it is located about 0.5 mi (0.80 km) north-northeast of White Cloud Peak 9 and 1 mi (1.6 km) north-northwest of D. O. Lee Peak. Calkins Peak is directly north of Slide Lake, northwest of Sheep Lake, and southwest of Tin Cup Lake. Calkins Peak is named for Stephen Calkins (1842–1922), a prospector who established lode claims in the area.

White Cloud Mountains
The White Cloud Mountains are part of the Rocky Mountains of the western United States, located in central Idaho, southeast of Stanley in Custer County. The range is located within the Sawtooth National Recreation Area (SNRA) and partially within the Cecil D. Andrus–White Clouds Wilderness.

The White Cloud Mountains are located on National Forest land, with numerous trails in the area. Camping is permitted anywhere on the national forest land and there are no fees to access the area. Primary access to the area is via State Highway 75, the Salmon River Scenic Byway, which accompanies the main Salmon River as it descends along the range's western and northern perimeter.

The highest peak in the White Cloud Mountains, and the SNRA, is Castle Peak at 11,815 ft (3,601 m). The Sawtooth Mountains are about twenty miles (32 km) west of the White Clouds, on the west side of the river and highway, and the Boulder Mountains are directly south of the White Clouds.
Apollonian circles
In geometry, Apollonian circles are two families (pencils) of circles such that every circle in the first family intersects every circle in the second family orthogonally, and vice versa. These circles form the basis for bipolar coordinates. They were discovered by Apollonius of Perga, a renowned ancient Greek geometer.

Circle
A circle is a shape consisting of all points in a plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the centre. The distance between any point of the circle and the centre is called the radius. The length of a line segment connecting two points on the circle and passing through the centre is called the diameter. A circle bounds a region of the plane called a disc.

The circle has been known since before the beginning of recorded history. Natural circles are common, such as the full moon or a slice of round fruit. The circle is the basis for the wheel, which, with related inventions such as gears, makes much of modern machinery possible. In mathematics, the study of the circle has helped inspire the development of geometry, astronomy and calculus.
Clivia
Clivia /ˈklaɪviə/ is a genus of monocot flowering plants native to southern Africa. They are from the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae. Common names are Natal lily or bush lily.

They are herbaceous or evergreen perennial plants, with green, strap-like leaves. Individual flowers are more or less bell-shaped, occurring in umbels on a stalk above the foliage; colors typically range from yellow through orange to red. Many cultivars exist, some with variegated leaf patterns.

Clivia robusta
Clivia robusta is a plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Clivia. The species occurs in KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape from Pondoland and Port St. Johns to the Umzimkulu River north of the Oribira Canyon and has an area of occurrence of 3,100 km2. There are currently less than ten subpopulations and the species has lost 30% of its habitat in the last 90 years due to overuse by traditional healers.
Patrick Dillon
Patrick Dillon, C.S.C. (January 1, 1832 – November 15, 1868) was an Irish-American Catholic priest who served as president of the University of Notre Dame from 1865 to 1866. He was the first Irish priest at the university.

Congregation of Holy Cross
The Congregation of Holy Cross (Latin: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce), abbreviated CSC, is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of pontifical right for men founded in Le Mans, France, in 1837 by Basil Moreau.

Moreau also founded the Marianites of Holy Cross for women, now divided into three independent congregations of sisters: the Marianites of Holy Cross (Le Mans, France), the Sisters of the Holy Cross (Notre Dame, Indiana), and the Sisters of Holy Cross (Montreal, Quebec, Canada).
Gnudi
Gnudi (Italian: [ˈɲuːdi]), also known as malfatti, are gnocchi-like dumplings made with ricotta cheese and semolina instead of potato flour. The result is often a lighter, "pillowy" dish, unlike the often denser, chewier gnocchi. Gnudi is the Tuscan word for 'naked' (in standard Italian nudi), the idea being that these "pillowy" balls of ricotta and spinach (sometimes without spinach) are "nude ravioli", consisting of just the tasty filling without the pasta shell.

By tradition, in Tuscany these dumplings are served with burnt butter and sage sauce, sprinkled with Parmesan or pecorino toscano cheese.

Dumpling
Dumplings are a broad class of dishes that consist of pieces of cooked dough (made from a variety of starchy sources), often wrapped around a filling. The dough can be based on bread, wheat or other flours, or potatoes, and it may be filled with meat, fish, tofu, cheese, vegetables, or a combination. Dumplings may be prepared using a variety of cooking methods and are found in many world cuisines.

One of the earliest mentions of dumplings comes from the Chinese scholar Shu Xi who mentions them in a fu poem 1,700 years ago. In addition, archaeologically preserved dumplings have been found in Turfan, Xinjiang, China dating back over 1,000 years.
Outstanding Sports Personality, Play-by-Play
The Sports Emmy Award for Outstanding Sports Personality, Play-by-Play was first awarded in 1993. It is awarded to whom the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences judges to be the best play-by-play announcer in a calendar year.

Prior to 1993, an award was given in a category that awarded either a play-by-play announcer or studio host. See Outstanding Host or Commentator for a list of winners in the now-defunct category.

Sports Emmy Awards
The Sports Emmy Awards, or Sports Emmys, are part of the extensive range of Emmy Awards for artistic and technical merit for the American television industry. Bestowed by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NATAS), the Sports Emmys are presented in recognition of excellence in American sports television programming, including sports-related series, live coverage of sporting events, and best sports announcers. The awards ceremony, presenting Emmys from the previous calendar year, is usually held on a Spring Monday night, sometime in the last two weeks in April or the first week in May. The Sports Emmy Awards are all given away at one ceremony, unlike the Primetime Emmy Awards and the Daytime Emmy Awards, which hold a "Creative Arts" ceremony in which Emmys are given to behind-the-scenes personnel.
Vermont in the American Civil War
During the American Civil War, the State of Vermont gave strong support to the Union war effort, raising troops and money.  According to Rachel Cree Sherman:

By the spring of 1865 Vermont was devastated, having sent one tenth of its entire population to war, with a loss of over 5,000 lives to battle, wounds, and disease. The state had dedicated nearly $10 million to support the conflict, half of that amount offered up by towns with no expectation of recompense.

Sharpshooter
A sharpshooter is one who is highly proficient at firing firearms or other projectile weapons accurately. Military units composed of sharpshooters were important factors in 19th-century combat. Along with "marksman" and "expert", "sharpshooter" is one of the three marksmanship badges awarded by the United States Army and the United States Marine Corps.  The United States Navy and the United States Coast Guard use a ribbon with an attached "S" device to note a sharpshooter qualification.
Glåpen Lighthouse
Glåpen Lighthouse (Norwegian: Glåpen fyr) is a coastal lighthouse in Moskenes Municipality in Nordland county, Norway.  The lighthouse sits on the southeastern shore of the island of Moskenesøya, just south of the village of Sørvågen on the northern coast of the Vestfjorden.

Moskenesøya
Moskenesøya (lit. 'Moskenes Island') is an island at the southern end of the Lofoten archipelago in Nordland county, Norway. The 186-square-kilometre (72 sq mi) island is shared between Moskenes Municipality and Flakstad Municipality. The tidal whirlpool system known as Moskstraumen, one of the strongest in the world, is located between Moskenesøya's Lofoten Point and the island of Mosken.
Paluküla Church
Paluküla Church is in Hiiumaa Parish, Hiiu County, Estonia in a woodland close to the road.  The church was founded by the baronial family of Ungern-Sternberg in 1820. Until 1939, it was as branch church of the parish church in Kärdla. Paluküla church has been registered in the list of cultural monuments of Estonia since 1999 under number 23605.

National Register of Cultural Monuments
The National Register of Cultural Monuments (Estonian language: Kultuurimälestiste riiklik register) is the Estonian government's official list of "cultural monuments", including buildings, sites and objects. It is maintained by the National Heritage Board of Estonia.
Clethrionomys
Clethrionomys is a genus of small, slender voles. In recent years the genus name was changed to Myodes, however a 2019 paper found that Myodes was actually a junior synonym for Lemmus, thus making it unusable. As such, Clethrionomys is re-established as the proper genus name. At the same time, several species were moved to the genus Craseomys, so members of both genera are referred to as red-backed voles. This genus was described by Johannes von Nepomuk Franz Xaver Gistel under the pseudonym "G. Tilesius". Some authors cite the taxonomic authority as "Gistel, 1850", whereas others still use "Tilesius, 1850".

The complete list of species is:

Western red-backed vole, Clethrionomys californicus

Tien Shan red-backed vole, Clethrionomys centralis

Southern red-backed vole, Clethrionomys gapperi

Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus

Northern red-backed vole, Clethrionomys rutilus

Craseomys
Craseomys is a genus of small, slender voles.

The complete list of species is:

Anderson's red-backed vole, C. andersoni

Imaizumi's red-backed vole, C. imaizumii

Korean red-backed vole, C. regulus

Hokkaido red-backed vole, C. rex

Grey red-backed vole, C. rufocanus

Shansei vole, C. shanseius

Smith's vole, C. smithii
Trappin protein transglutaminase binding domain
In molecular biology, the trappin protein transglutaminase binding domain or cementoin is a protein domain found at the N-terminus of Whey Acidic Protein (WAP) domain-containing protease inhibitors such as trappin-2. This N-terminal domain enables it to become cross-linked to extracellular matrix proteins by transglutaminase. This domain contains several repeated motifs with the consensus sequence Gly-Gln-Asp-Pro-Val-Lys, and these together can anchor the whole molecule to extracellular matrix proteins, such as laminin, fibronectin, beta-crystallin, collagen IV, fibrinogen, and elastin, by transglutaminase-catalysed cross-links. The whole domain is rich in glutamine and lysine, thus allowing transglutaminase(s) to catalyse the formation of an intermolecular epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine isopeptide bond.

Protein domain
In molecular biology, a protein domain is a region of a protein's polypeptide chain that is self-stabilizing and that folds independently from the rest. Each domain forms a compact folded three-dimensional structure. Many proteins consist of several domains, and a domain may appear in a variety of different proteins. Molecular evolution uses domains as building blocks and these may be recombined in different arrangements to create proteins with different functions. In general, domains vary in length from between about 50 amino acids up to 250 amino acids in length. The shortest domains, such as zinc fingers, are stabilized by metal ions or disulfide bridges. Domains often form functional units, such as the calcium-binding EF hand domain of calmodulin. Because they are independently stable, domains can be "swapped" by genetic engineering between one protein and another to make chimeric proteins.
Harardhere
Harardhere (Arabic: هرارديري, Somali: Xarardheere) is a historic town in the Mudug province of Somalia. It is situated in the autonomous Galmudug state and serves as the capital of the Harardhere District.

Galmudug
Galmudug (Arabic: جلمدج; Italian: Galmudugh), officially Galmudug State of Somalia (Somali: Maamul-Goboleedka Galmudug ee Soomaaliya), is a Federal Member State in central Somalia, with its capital at Dhusamareb. It is bordered to the north by the Puntland state of Somalia, to the west by the Somali Region in Ethiopia, to the east by the Indian Ocean and to the south by the Hirshabelle state of Somalia.
Consisting of the Galgaduud region and Mudug region, Galmudug's name is derived from a conflation of the names of the two regions. Galmudug is a federal state within the larger Federal Republic of Somalia, as defined by the provisional constitution of Somalia.