hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bachelor of Journalism
The Bachelor of Journalism (B.J.) degree is a degree awarded at some universities to students who have studied journalism in a three or four year undergraduate program. In the United States, some schools that do not award the B.J. degree instead confer a Bachelor of Arts, Journalism (B.A.J.), Bachelor of Arts in Journalism and Mass Communication (B.A.J.M.C.) or Bachelor of Science, Journalism (BSJ) that is often part of or in conjunction with a course of study in mass communication. Yet another epithetological version of the degree, conferred by The Henry W. Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Georgia, is the A.B.J. degree, the Latin equivalent of the B.J./B.A.J.

The Accrediting Council on Education in Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Kansas accredits university level journalism programs in the United States. There are currently 109 such accredited programs in 40 states.

École supérieure de journalisme de Lille
The École supérieure de journalisme de Lille (French pronunciation: [ekɔl sypeʁjœʁ də ʒuʁnalism də lil], Superior School of Journalism of Lille, abbr. ESJ Lille) is a private non-profit institution of higher education, a French Grande École in Lille dedicated to journalism and related studies. The ESJ is a graduate school of the University of Lille as part of a public-private partnership.

It has been elected best French journalism school in 2013 by Le Figaro. It is one of the top 3 journalism schools in France, alongside the CFJ at the Paris-Panthéon-Assas University and the Sciences Po Journalism School.
2025 Austrian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2025 Austrian motorcycle Grand Prix (officially known as the bwin Grand Prix of Austria) was the thirteenth round of the 2025 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season and the third round of the 2025 MotoE World Championship. All races (except for both MotoE races which were held on 16 August) were held at the Red Bull Ring in Spielberg on 17 August 2025.

This race also marked the 1000th premier class race since the first World Championship race was held at the Isle of Man in 1949. Marc Márquez won both the Sprint and the Grand Prix, making this the first time in his career that he had won the Austrian Grand Prix.

Austrian motorcycle Grand Prix
The Austrian motorcycle Grand Prix is a motorcycling event that is part of the FIM Grand Prix motorcycle racing season from 1971 to 1997, and then again from 2016 onwards. The event is due to take place at the Red Bull Ring until at least 2030.
Monfumo
Monfumo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Treviso in the Italian region Veneto, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest of Venice and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Treviso. As of 31 December 2022, it had a population of 1,309 and an area of 11.45 square kilometres (4.42 sq mi).

Monfumo borders the following municipalities: Asolo, Castelcucco, Cavaso del Tomba, Cornuda, Maser, Pederobba.

Cavaso del Tomba
Cavaso del Tomba is a comune with about 3000 inhabitants in the province of Treviso, Veneto, north-eastern Italy.  The municipality of Cavaso is spread over the southern flank of the buttress that extends from Monte Grappa towards the Piave River.  It includes various villages, along its main road: Obledo, Caniezza, Paveion, Pieve, Vettorazzi, Granigo and Virago.
ED Miles Mining Exchange
ED Miles Mining Exchange is a heritage-listed commercial building at 65 Mosman Street, Charters Towers City, Charters Towers, Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by William George Smith junior, and built in 1887 by Ben Toll. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 9 November 2012.

Awning
An awning or overhang is a secondary covering attached to the exterior wall of a building. It is typically composed of canvas woven of acrylic, cotton or polyester yarn, or vinyl laminated to polyester fabric that is stretched tightly over a light structure of aluminium, iron or steel, possibly wood or transparent material (used to cover solar thermal panels in the summer, but that must allow as much light as possible in the winter). The configuration of this structure is something of a truss, space frame or planar frame. Awnings are also often constructed of aluminium understructure with aluminium sheeting. These aluminium awnings are often used when a fabric awning is not a practical application where snow load as well as wind loads may be a factor.
HD 15337
HD 15337 (TOI-402) is a binary star in the southern constellation of Fornax. It has an apparent magnitude of 9.09, making it too faint to be observed by the naked eye from Earth, but readily visible using a small telescope. It is located 146 light-years (45 parsecs) distant based on stellar parallax, and is currently heading towards the Solar System with a radial velocity of −3.9 km/s.

Fornax
Fornax (/ˈfɔːrnæks/) is a constellation in the southern celestial hemisphere, partly ringed by the celestial river Eridanus. Its name is Latin for furnace. It was named by French astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille in 1756. Fornax is one of the 88 modern constellations.

The three brightest stars—Alpha, Beta and Nu Fornacis—form a flattened triangle facing south. With an apparent magnitude of 3.91, Alpha Fornacis is the brightest star in Fornax. Six star systems have been found to have exoplanets. The Fornax Dwarf galaxy is a small faint satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. NGC 1316 is a relatively close radio galaxy.

The Hubble Space Telescope's Ultra-Deep Field is located within Fornax.

It is the 41st largest constellation in the night-sky, occupying an area of 398 square degrees. It is located in the first quadrant of the southern hemisphere (SQ1) and can be seen at latitudes between +50° and -90° during the month of December.
Lucia Berlin
Lucia Brown Berlin (November 12, 1936 – November 12, 2004) was an American short story writer. She had a small, devoted following, but did not reach a mass audience during her lifetime. She rose to sudden literary fame in 2015, eleven years after her death, with the publication of a volume of her selected stories, A Manual for Cleaning Women.

Raymond Carver
Raymond Clevie Carver Jr. (May 25, 1938 – August 2, 1988) was an American short story writer and poet. He published his first collection of stories, Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?, in 1976. His breakout collection, What We Talk About When We Talk About Love (1981), received immediate acclaim and established Carver as an important figure in the literary world. It was followed by Cathedral (1983), which Carver considered his watershed and is widely regarded as his masterpiece. The definitive collection of his stories, Where I'm Calling From, was published shortly before his death in 1988. In their 1989 nomination of Carver for the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, the jury concluded, "The revival in recent years of the short story is attributable in great measure to Carver's mastery of the form."
Elsted and Treyford
Elsted and Treyford is a civil parish in the Chichester district of West Sussex, west of Midhurst. It contains the settlements of Elsted, Elsted Marsh, Treyford, Didling and Hooksway.

The parish contains two churches, St Paul in Elsted and St Andrew, known as the Shepherds' Church, in the hamlet of Didling.  It also contains the site of Treyford church.

Hooksway has a 16th-century pub, the Royal Oak.

In the 2001 census there were 114 households with a total population of 253 of whom 116 were economically active. At the 2011 Census the population was 246.

The Devil's Jumps, Treyford, and Beacon Hill are nearby.

Midhurst
Midhurst (/ˈmɪdhɜːrst/) is a market town and civil parish in the Chichester District in West Sussex, England. It lies on the River Rother, 20 miles (30 km) inland from the English Channel and 12 miles (19 km) north of Chichester.

The name Midhurst was first recorded in 1186 as Middeherst, meaning "Middle wooded hill", or "(place) among the wooded hills". It derives from the Old English words midd (adjective) or mid (preposition), meaning "in the middle", plus hyrst, "a wooded hill".

The Norman St. Ann's Castle dates from about 1120, although the foundations are all that can now be seen. The castle, the parish church of St. Mary Magdalene and St. Denis, together with South Pond, the former fish-pond for the castle, are the only three structures left from this early period. The parish church is the oldest building in Midhurst. Just across the River Rother, in the parish of Easebourne, is the ruin of the Tudor Cowdray House.
Xuangang Township
Xuangang Township (Chinese: 轩岗乡) is a township in Mangshi, Yunnan, China.  
As of the 2017 census it had a population of 23,871 and an area of 163.7 square kilometres (63.2 sq mi).
The town is bordered to the north by Mangshi Town and Longshan Town, to the east by Fengping Town and Mangshi Town, to the south by Santaishan Township and Fengping Town, and to the west by Wuchalu Township and Jiangdong Township.

Mangshi Town
Mangshi Town (simplified Chinese: 芒市镇; traditional Chinese: 芒市鎮; pinyin: Mángshì Zhèn) is an urban town  in Mangshi, Yunnan, China. As of the 2017 census it had a population of 46,223 and an area of 359 square kilometres (139 sq mi). It borders Xiangda Township and Longshan Town in the north and east, and FengpingTown and Xuangang Township in the west and south.
2009 TSC Stores Tankard
The 2009 TSC Stores Tankard was the 2009 edition of the Ontario provincial men's curling tournament. It was held on February 2-8 at the Woodstock District Community Complex in Woodstock, Ontario, Canada. The winning Glenn Howard team represented Ontario at the 2009 Tim Hortons Brier in Calgary, Alberta (who ended the tournament second in the standings).

Ontario Tankard
The Ontario Tankard, officially the Ontario Men's Provincial Championships, is the Southern Ontario provincial championship for men's curling. The winner represents Team Ontario at the Montana's Brier. The tournament is overseen by Curling Ontario (formerly the Ontario Curling Association).

Northern Ontario has its own provincial championship, known as the Northern Ontario Men's Provincial Curling Championship.

This championship is not to be confused with the Silver Tankard, historically also known as the Ontario Tankard (and until 1937 a Brier qualifier).
2012 national electoral calendar
This national electoral calendar for 2012 lists the national/federal elections held in 2012 in all sovereign states and their dependent territories. By-elections are excluded, though national referendums are included.

2012 Swiss referendums
Twelve national referendums were held in Switzerland during 2012. On 11 March, voters across the country were asked five questions on employment leave, second houses, building society savings, the Fixed Book Price Agreement and gambling revenues. On 17 June, there were three questions on healthcare, foreign policy and home buying. On 23 September, there were three on a smoking ban, secure housing in old age and music lessons at school. A final referendum was held on 25 November on the Animal Diseases Act.
2016–17 Helmond Sport season
The 2016–17 season was Helmond Sport's 50th season in existence and 47th (33rd consecutive) in the Eerste Divisie. Helmond Sport finished Eerste Divisie as 13th.

The club competed also in the KNVB Cup. Helmond Sport lost 3–0 against Kozakken Boys in the 1st round of KNVB Cup and they are eliminated from the cup.

Jordy Thomassen was the top scorer of the club in this season with 15 goals in Eerste Divisie.

Jordy Thomassen was also the most appeared player in the season with a total of 42 appearances; 41 appearances in the Eerste Divisie and 1 appearance in the KNVB Cup.

2016–17 Eerste Divisie
The 2016–17 Eerste Divisie, known as Jupiler League for sponsorship reasons, was the sixty-first season of Eerste Divisie since its establishment in 1955. It began in August 2016 with the first matches of the season and ended in May 2017 with the finals of the promotion/relegation play-offs, also involving the 16th- and 17th-placed teams from the 2016–17 Eredivisie. The fixtures were announced on 14 June 2016.
Pipra railway station
Pipra railway station is a railway station on Muzaffarpur–Gorakhpur main line under the Samastipur railway division of East Central Railway zone. This is situated beside National Highway 28 at Pipra in East Champaran district of the Indian state of Bihar.

Samastipur railway division
Samastipur railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the East Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. The division was established in 1969 and is headquartered at Samastipur, Bihar. The current Divisional Railway Manager (DRM) is Shri Jyoti Prakash Mishra.

Other divisions under the East Central Railway Zone include Danapur railway division, Mughalsarai railway division, Dhanbad railway division, and Sonpur railway division, all headquartered at Hajipur.
Piper umbellatum
Piper umbellatum, commonly known as cow-foot leaf, is a species of pepper plant native to the Americas, including Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and tropical regions of South America. It has been widely naturalized in other tropical regions of the world.

Piper (plant)
Piper, the pepper plants or pepper vines, is an economically and ecologically important genus in the family Piperaceae. The genus contains about 1,000–2,000 species of shrubs, herbs, and lianas, many of which are dominant species in their native habitat. The diversification of this taxon is of interest to understanding the evolution of plants.

The scientific name Piper and the common name "pepper" are derived from the Sanskrit term pippali, denoting the long pepper (P. longum).
Pterolepis (plant)
Pterolepis is a genus of flowering plant in the family Melastomataceae. Within Melastomataceae, it forms a clade with genus Pterogastra.
Pterolepis contains some fifteen species, all of which are found in the Neotropical geographic realmm. Most species are concentrated in Brazil, with a few others across Central and South America.

Melastomataceae
Melastomataceae (/mɛləstoʊmɑːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants found mostly in the tropics (two-thirds of the genera are from the New World tropics) comprising c. 175 genera and c. 5115 known species. Melastomes are annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, or small trees.
2024 Super Copa Grão-Pará
The 2024 Super Copa Grão-Pará was the 1st Super Copa Grão-Pará, a football match played between the winners of the previous season's Campeonato Paraense and Campeonato Paraense Second Division competitions.

Águia de Marabá defeated Canaã 1–0 for their 1st Super Copa Grão-Pará title.

Super Copa Grão-Pará
The Super Copa Grão-Pará is a state association football trophy organized by the Federação Paraense de Futebol. It is contested between the champion of the Campeonato Paraense and the winner of the Copa Grão-Pará of the previous year. It opens officially the Pará football season by defining the super champion at the beginning of the football cycle. In its first edition, in 2024, the trophy was contested exceptionally between the champions of the Campeonato Paraense and the Campeonato Paraense Second Division.
Homeschooling in Canada
In Canada, homeschooling has increased in popularity since the advent of the 21st century. It is legal in every province, with each province having its own regulations around the practice. In some provinces, funding is available. In 2016, the number of homeschooled children in Canada was approximately 60,000 (for comparison, there were approximately 2.5 million in the US); this corresponds to approximately one in every 127 school-aged children (US: one in every 32 children). In 2020, the average growth rate of the practice amounted to more than 5 per cent per year. Canada has a large proportion of non-religiously motivated homeschoolers compared to some other countries. It is also one of three countries worldwide, along with the United States and South Africa, that hosts an organization with lawyers on staff which serves the legal needs of home educators.

Homeschooling in South Africa
Homeschooling in South Africa (also known as home education or unschooling there) had been illegal, until it was recognized in 1996 under the South African School Legislation, since then it has grown significantly.

Notable moments in the history of homeschooling are provided below. Most of the content comes directly from primary sources and has not been documented anywhere yet:
4D-RCS Reference Model Architecture
The 4D/RCS Reference Model Architecture is a reference model for military unmanned vehicles on how their software components should be identified and organized.

The 4D/RCS has been developed by the Intelligent Systems Division (ISD) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) since the 1980s.

This reference model is based on the general Real-time Control System (RCS) Reference Model Architecture, and has been applied to many kinds of robot control, including autonomous vehicle control.

Uncrewed vehicle
An uncrewed vehicle or unmanned vehicle is a vehicle without a person on board. Uncrewed vehicles can either be under telerobotic control—remote controlled or remote guided vehicles—or they can be autonomously controlled—autonomous vehicles—which are capable of sensing their environment and navigating on their own.

It has been reported that the armed forces of more than 100 countries have approximately 170 different types of drones in service.
Fede ring
A fede ring is a ring in which two hands clasp, as in friendship, love or betrothal. The design was used in Ancient Rome and possibly earlier, becoming prominent from the 12th century onward. The word fede is from the Italian phrase mani in fede (lit. 'hands [clasped] in faith').

Ring (jewellery)
A ring is a round band, usually made of metal, worn as ornamental jewelry. The term "ring" by itself denotes jewellery worn on the finger; when worn as an ornament elsewhere, the body part is specified within the term, e.g., earrings, neck rings, arm rings, and toe rings. Rings fit snugly around or in the part of the body they ornament, so bands worn loosely, like a bracelet, are not rings. Rings may be made of almost any hard material: wood, bone, stone, metal, glass, jade, gemstone or plastic. They may be set with gemstones (diamond, ruby, sapphire or emerald) or with other types of stone or glass.

Although some people wear rings as mere ornaments or as conspicuous displays of wealth, rings have symbolic functions respecting marriage, exceptional achievement, high status or authority, membership in an organization, and the like. Rings can be made to sport insignia which may be impressed on a wax seal or outfitted with a small compartment in which to conceal things.
Hasta que el dinero nos separe
Hasta que el dinero nos separe (English: Until Money Do Us Part) is a Mexican telenovela premiered on Canal de las Estrellas on June 29, 2009, and concluded on May 16, 2010. The series is created and produced for Televisa by Emilio Larrosa, based on the Colombian telenovela Hasta que la plata nos separe written by Fernando Gaitán. It stars Pedro Fernández and Itatí Cantoral as the titular characters.

The series received several awards in the 28th TVyNovelas Awards for Best Telenovela of the Year, Best Actress, and Best Actor.

Hasta que la plata nos separe
Hasta que la plata nos separe (English: Until Money Do[es] Us Part) is a Colombian telenovela created and written by Fernando Gaitán, starring Victor Hugo Cabrera and Marcela Carvajal. It is produced and broadcast by RCN Televisión from May 22, 2006 to October 11, 2007.
Jump server
A jump server, jump host or jump box is a system on a network used to access and manage devices in a separate security zone. A jump server is a hardened and monitored device that spans two dissimilar security zones and provides a controlled means of access between them. The most common example is managing a host in a DMZ from trusted networks or computers.

DMZ (computing)
In computer security, a DMZ or demilitarized zone (sometimes referred to as a perimeter network or screened subnet) is a physical or logical subnetwork that contains and exposes an organization's external-facing services to an untrusted, usually larger, network such as the Internet. The purpose of a DMZ is to add an additional layer of security to an organization's local area network (LAN): an external network node can access only what is exposed in the DMZ, while the rest of the organization's network is protected behind a firewall. The DMZ functions as a small, isolated network positioned between the Internet and the private network.

This is not to be confused with a DMZ host, a feature present in some home routers that frequently differs greatly from an ordinary DMZ.

The name is from the term demilitarized zone, an area between states in which military operations are not permitted.
Kosmos 1785
Kosmos 1785 (Russian: Космос 1785 meaning Cosmos 1785) is a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1986 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1785 was launched from Site 41/1 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 09:29 UTC on 15 October 1986. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1986-078A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 17031.

It re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on 28 February 2002.

US-K
Upravlyaemy Sputnik Kontinentalny (US-K; Russian: Управляемый Спутник Континентальный meaning Continental Controllable Satellite; Russian: УС-К) is a series of Russian, previously Soviet, satellites used to detect missile launches as part of the Oko system. It consists of a constellation of satellites, usually in molniya orbits, designated under the Kosmos system. The satellites are built by the company NPO Lavochkin and are launched on Molniya-M rockets. Oko can be directly translated as the Russian word for eye.  As of June 2014, only two of the eight satellites in orbit were still functional, rendering the system inoperable.
Nebraska Forest Service
The Nebraska Forest Service is the state forestry agency for the state of Nebraska. It provides services and education to the people of Nebraska and strives to protect and enhance the state's trees, forests, and other natural resources. The Nebraska Forest Service is headquartered at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln and is embedded within the school's Institution of Agriculture and Natural Resources.

Arbor Day Foundation
The Arbor Day Foundation is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit membership organization dedicated to planting trees. The Arbor Day Foundation has more than one million members and has planted more than 500 million trees in neighborhoods, communities, cities and forests throughout the world. The Foundation's stated mission is "to inspire people to plant, nurture, and celebrate trees."
SuperValu Pharmacies
SuperValu Pharmacies, Inc. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Eden Prairie, Minnesota-based SuperValu. SuperValu Pharmacy operates 950 pharmacies in Shop 'n Save, Hornbacher's, Farm Fresh Food & Pharmacy and Cub Foods stores.

Farm Fresh Food & Pharmacy
Farm Fresh Food & Pharmacy is a supermarket chain with four independently owned stores, all of which are in Virginia. At its peak, Farm Fresh called itself "Virginia's Grocery Store" because it had stores spanning the state. Its headquarters were located in Virginia Beach and its largest presence was in the surrounding Norfolk/Virginia Beach (Hampton Roads) metropolitan area. The company was a wholly owned subsidiary of Eden Prairie, Minnesota-based SuperValu. On March 14, 2018, it was revealed that parent company, SuperValu, would be selling 21 stores to Kroger (under Kroger Mid-Atlantic and Harris Teeter) and Ahold Delhaize (under Food Lion). Currently, three Farm Fresh stores remain in operation under different ownership.