hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lady Writing a Letter with her Maid
Lady Writing a Letter with her Maid (Dutch: Schrijvende vrouw met dienstbode) is a painting by the Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer, completed in 1670–1671 and held in the National Gallery of Ireland, in Dublin, Ireland. The painting shows a standing woman seemingly acting as a messenger between the seated younger lady and her unseen lover.

It was famously stolen on 27 April 1974 during a raid on Russborough House, Ireland, and again in 1986 by a gang led by the Dublin crime boss Martin Cahill, although in both cases it was recovered.

Maid
A maid, housemaid, or maidservant is a female domestic worker. In the Victorian era, domestic service was the second-largest category of employment in England and Wales, after agricultural work. In developed Western nations, full-time maids are now typically only found in the wealthiest households. In other parts of the world (mainly within the continent of Asia), maids remain common in urban middle-class households.

Maid in Middle English meant an unmarried woman, especially a young one, or specifically a virgin.  These meanings lived on in English until recent times (and are still familiar from literature and folk music), alongside the sense of the word as a type of servant.
Ed M. Stotlar House
The Ed M. Stotlar House is a historic house located at 1304 W. Main St. in Marion, Illinois. The house was built in 1914-15 for Southern Illinois lumber salesman Ed M. Stotlar and his family. Stotlar was also the longtime president of the Marion Library Board and a prominent art and book collector. Architect George William Ashby designed the home in a blend of the American Craftsman and Prairie School styles. The house features connected double-hung windows and a gable roof with overhanging eaves and exposed rafter tails, characteristic features of the Craftsman style. Its Prairie School influences include its art glass windows and horizontal ribbons of brick near the top of the first floor.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 21, 2002.

Marion, Illinois
Marion is the county seat of Williamson County, Illinois, United States. The population was 16,855 according to the 2020 census. It is part of a dispersed urban area that developed out of early 20th-century coal fields.

Marion serves as the largest retail trade center in Southern Illinois with its central location along Interstate 57 and Illinois Route 13. It was dubbed the "Hub of the Universe" by former mayor Robert L. Butler.

The city is part of the Marion-Herrin micropolitan area and is a part of the Carbondale-Marion-Herrin, Illinois combined statistical area with 123,272 residents, the sixth-most populous Combined statistical area in Illinois.
Civilians (record label)
Civilians is an independent record label based in Melbourne, Australia. Founded in 2013 by co-managing directors Leigh Grupetta and Stu Harvey in partnership with Martin Goldschmidt, Civilians was originally known as Cooking Vinyl Australia.

After eleven years operating as Cooking Vinyl Australia, they unveiled a new name in September 2024, one that removed any lingering confusion about their connection with Martin Goldschmidt's lauded U.K. label Cooking Vinyl.

Civilians boasts a diverse roster including the likes of Fanny Lumsden, Emma Donovan, King Stingray, Eliza & The Delusionals, Windwaker and Luca Brasi and supplies label services to various partners, including Thirty Tigers, Run For Cover, Resist, Greyscale and Dine Alone.

The Orchard (company)
Orchard Enterprises NY, Inc., doing business as The Orchard (also known as The Orchard Music), is an American music and entertainment company, specializing in media distribution. It is a division of Sony Music Entertainment, based in New York City. In 2019, the company sold off its film and television division, which was renamed 1091 Media.
Sierra Otomi
Sierra Otomi a.k.a. Highland Otomi (Otomi de la Sierra) is a dialect cluster of the Otomi language spoken in Mexico by ca. 70,000 people in the highlands of Eastern Hidalgo, Western Veracruz and Northern Puebla. The speakers themselves call the language Yųhų (Eastern Highland) or Ñųhų (Texcatepec and Tenango). Lastra 2001 classifies it as an Eastern Otomi language together with Ixtenco Otomi, Tilapa Otomi, and Acazulco Otomi. The three varieties of Sierra Otomi—Eastern Highland, Texcatepec, and Tenango—are above 70% lexically similar; the Eastern Highland dialects are above 80%, and will be considered here.

Ixtenco Otomi
Ixtenco Otomi, also known as Tlaxcala Otomi, is a native American language spoken in the town of San Juan Bautista Ixtenco in the state of Tlaxcala, Mexico. It has been classified as Eastern Otomi by Lastra (2006). Lastra considers Ixtenco Otomí to be a very conservative dialect.

In Tlaxcala, Otomí was also formerly spoken in nearby Huamantla, located to the north (Carrasco 1950). To the east, it was spoken in Nopalucan, San Salvador el Seco, and Cuapiaxtla. Some families from Ixtenco have migrated to Máximo Serdán in Rafael Lara Grajales, Puebla (Lastra 1998).
Alpha L. Bowser
Alpha Lyons Bowser (August 21, 1910 – July 13, 2003) was a United States Marine Corps lieutenant general.  He was a combat veteran of World War II and the Korean War – decorated for his actions during the Battle of Iwo Jima and in the Battle of Chosin Reservoir.

Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune
Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune (/ləˈʒɜːrn/ lə-ZHURN or /ləˈʒuːn/ lə-ZHOON) is a 246-square-mile (640 km2) United States military training facility in Jacksonville, North Carolina. Its 14 miles (23 km) of beaches make the base a major area for amphibious assault training, and its location between two deep-water ports (Wilmington and Morehead City) allows for fast deployments. The main base is supplemented by six satellite facilities: Marine Corps Air Station New River, Camp Geiger, Stone Bay, Courthouse Bay, Camp Johnson, and the Greater Sandy Run Training Area. The Marine Corps port facility is in Beaufort, at the southern tip of Radio Island (between the NC State Port in Morehead City, and the marine science laboratories on Pivers Island in Beaufort). It is occupied only during military port operations.
Cumberworth
Cumberworth is a small village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately 3.5 miles (6 km) south-east from the town of Alford.

The village is listed in the 1086 Domesday Book with 9 households and 20 acres (8.1 ha) of meadow. After the Domesday survey Rainer of Brimeaux became Lord of the Manor.

Cumberworth church was dedicated to St Helen and is a Grade II Listed Building. It was declared redundant in 1987 and sold in 1989.

East Lindsey
East Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Horncastle and the largest town is Skegness. Other towns include Alford, Burgh le Marsh, Coningsby, Louth, Mablethorpe, Spilsby, Sutton on Sea, Wainfleet All Saints, Wragby and Woodhall Spa. The district also covers a large rural area, including many smaller settlements.

The district lies on the east coast, bordering the North Sea. The north-west of the district includes part of the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The neighbouring districts are Boston, North Kesteven, West Lindsey and North East Lincolnshire.
Antistrophe (plant)
Antistrophe is a genus of flowering plants in the primula family, Primulaceae. It includes six species of shrubs native to southern and southeastern Asia, including the Indian subcontinent, Vietnam, and Peninsular Malaysia.

Primulaceae
The Primulaceae (/ˌprɪmjəˈleɪʃi.iː/ PRIM-yə-LAY-shee-ee), commonly known as the primrose family (but not related to the evening primrose family), are a family of herbaceous and woody flowering plants including some favourite garden plants and wildflowers. Most are perennial though some species, such as scarlet pimpernel, are annuals.

Previously one of three families in the order Primulales, it underwent considerable generic re-alignment once molecular phylogenetic methods were used for taxonomic classification. The order was then submerged in a much enlarged order Ericales and became a greatly enlarged Primulaceae sensu lato (s.l). In this new classification of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, each of the Primulales families was reduced to the rank of subfamily of Primulaceae s.l. The original Primulaceae (Primulaceae sensu stricto or s.s.) then became subfamily Primuloideae, and one genus (Maesa) was raised to the rank of a separate subfamily, making four in all.
Siciliaria grohmanniana
Siciliaria grohmanniana is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails, all of which have a clausilium.

Siciliaria grohmanniana is the type species of the genus Siciliaria.

Clausiliidae
Clausiliidae, also known by the common name door snails, is a taxonomic family of small, very elongate, mostly left-handed, air-breathing land snails, sinistral terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.

With over 1700 recognized recent and fossil species, this is among the most diverse families of terrestrial gastropods (cf. Orthalicidae), although the marine gastropod family Pyramidellidae is larger.

Most species of Clausiliidae have an anatomical structure known as a clausilium, which enables the snail to close off the aperture of the shell with a sliding "door".
Ingrow (West) railway station
Ingrow (West) railway station is a single-platform station serving the suburb of Ingrow in Keighley, West Yorkshire, England. It is served by the preserved Keighley and Worth Valley Railway. The station is 1+1⁄4 miles (2 km) west of Keighley station and 2+1⁄4 miles (3.6 km) west of Haworth railway station.

Keighley & Worth Valley Railway
The Keighley & Worth Valley Railway (KWVR) is a 5-mile-long (8 km) heritage railway in the Worth Valley, West Yorkshire, England, which runs from Keighley to Oxenhope. It connects to the National Rail network at Keighley railway station.
Kanjavec
Kanjavec is a 2,569-metre (8,428 ft) mountain in the center of Triglav National Park. It lies between the Dolič Pass at 2,164 m, the Hribarice Pass at 2,306 m and the Prehodavci Pass at 2071 m. Kanjavec is also a popular ski touring destination. From the summit, there is a panoramic view of the surrounding mountains. It is relatively easy to ascend, with a few exposed areas.

Triglav National Park
Triglav National Park (TNP; Slovene: Triglavski narodni park, TNP) is the only national park in Slovenia. It was established in its modern form in 1981 and is located in the northwestern part of the country, respectively the southeastern part of the Alpine massif. Mount Triglav, the highest peak of the Julian Alps, stands almost in the middle of the national park. From there the valleys spread out radially, supplying water to two large river systems with their sources in the Julian Alps: the Soča and the Sava, flowing to the Adriatic and Black Sea, respectively.
2012 Piala Indonesia
The 2012 Piala Indonesia was the sixth edition of Piala Indonesia, the nationwide football cup tournament in Indonesia, involving professional clubs from Indonesian Premier League and Premier Division. Sriwijaya FC was the tournament's defending champions. However, the team did not join Piala Indonesia that season due to being one of the Indonesia Super League teams.

Persibo Bojonegoro of East Java won the championship after defeating Semen Padang of West Sumatra in the final.

The cup winner qualified for the 2013 AFC Cup.

2011–12 Indonesian Premier League
The 2011–12 Indonesian Premier League season was the inaugural season of the Indonesian Premier League (IPL), a fully professional football competition that shared with the Indonesia Super League (ISL) as the top tier of the football league pyramid in Indonesia.

After the signing of the MoU between Djohar Arifin Husein (PSSI) and La Nyalla Matalitti (KPSI-PSSI) that was initiated by FIFA and the AFC through the AFC Task Force, the Indonesia Super League and Indonesian Premier League were under the control of the joint committee until the establishment of a new professional competition by the committee.
Gmina Pabianice
Gmina Pabianice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pabianice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pabianice, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 88.57 square kilometres (34.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,701.

Pabianice County
Pabianice County (Polish: powiat pabianicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Pabianice, which lies 16 kilometres (10 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Konstantynów Łódzki, lying 12 km (7 mi) north of Pabianice.

The county covers an area of 490.77 square kilometres (189.5 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 119,008, out of which the population of Pabianice was 70,445, that of Konstantynów Łódzki 17,564, and the rural population was 30,999.
Pooley Sword
Pooley Sword is a traditional cutler and provider of swords, dirks and lances to the British armed forces and also to many Commonwealth and other overseas defence forces. Following the August 2005 closure of Wilkinson Sword's Acton works, Robert Pooley, who had been commissioning swords from Wilkinson’s since 1964, purchased many of the company's drawings, product records, spares, and much of their tooling, including both heavy and light machinery, some dating back to the late 19th century.

Forging
Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces.  The blows are delivered with a hammer (often a power hammer) or a die.  Forging is often classified according to the temperature at which it is performed: cold forging (a type of cold working), warm forging, or hot forging (a type of hot working). For the latter two, the metal is heated, usually in a forge. Forged parts can range in weight from less than a kilogram to hundreds of metric tons. Forging has been done by smiths for millennia; the traditional products were kitchenware, hardware, hand tools, edged weapons, cymbals, and jewellery.

Since the Industrial Revolution, forged parts are widely used in mechanisms and machines wherever a component requires high strength; such forgings usually require further processing (such as machining) to achieve a finished part. Today, forging is a major worldwide industry.
Kumonga exleyi
Kumonga exleyi, also known as the Cape Range remipede, is a species of remipede in the monospecific genus Kumonga and the monotypic family Kumongidae. It was described in 1996 from specimens collected during the years of 1993 to 1995, and was originally assigned to the genus Lasionectes, but was moved to its own genus, Kumonga, in 2013. It is listed as a vulnerable species under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and as a critically endangered species under the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (WA).

It is named after Kumonga, a kaiju from the 1967 kaiju film Son of Godzilla.

Lasionectes
Lasionectes is a monospecific genus of remipedes in the family Speleonectidae. It is one of two genera in the family, the other being Speleonectes, which was the first genus of remipedes to be described.

The type and only accepted species is Lasionectes entrichoma. A second species, Lasionectes exleyi, was previously assigned to this genus, but has since been moved to its own genus, Kumonga.
Oyster Rocks
The Oyster Rocks are a close pair of small granite islands with a combined area of about 6 ha in south-eastern Australia.  They are part of Tasmania's Tin Kettle Island Group, lying in eastern Bass Strait between Flinders and Cape Barren Islands in the Furneaux Group.  They are a conservation area.  The islands are part of the Franklin Sound Islands Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because it holds over 1% of the world populations of six bird species.

Flinders Island
Flinders Island, the largest island in the Furneaux Group, is a 1,367-square-kilometre (528 sq mi) island in the Bass Strait, northeast of the island of Tasmania. Today Flinders Island is part of the state of Tasmania, Australia. It is 54 kilometres (34 mi) from Cape Portland and is located on 40° south, a zone known as the Roaring Forties.
Daniel N'Gom Kome
Daniel Armand N'Gom Kome (born 19 May 1980) is a Cameroonian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

Playing in Spain since 1999 and representing nearly ten clubs during his professional career, he received a passport from that country in August 2006.

Kome played mainly for Numancia and Tenerife, amassing Segunda División totals of 224 matches and 24 goals over nine seasons. He appeared for Cameroon at the 2002 World Cup and three Africa Cup of Nations tournaments.

2002 African Cup of Nations
The 2002 African Cup of Nations was the 23rd edition of the Africa Cup of Nations, the association football championship of Africa (CAF). It was hosted by Mali. Just like in 2000, the field of sixteen teams was split into four groups of four. Cameroon won its fourth championship (repeating as champions), beating Senegal on penalty kicks 3–2 after a goalless draw.
1956 Bermondsey Borough election
Elections to the Metropolitan Borough of Bermondsey were held in 1956.

The borough had 13 wards which returned between 3 and 5 members. Of the 13 wards 6 of the wards had all candidates elected unopposed. Labour won all the seats, the Conservatives only stood in 4 wards, the Liberal Party 1 ward and the Communist Party 1 ward.

Metropolitan Borough of Bermondsey
The Metropolitan Borough of Bermondsey was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London, created in 1900 by the London Government Act 1899. It was abolished and its area became part of the London Borough of Southwark in 1965.
Table tennis at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's team
The men's team table tennis event was part of the table tennis programme and took place between August 13 and 18, at the Peking University Gymnasium. Teams consisted of three members. The sixteen teams were divided into four groups of four teams each, playing a round-robin within their pool. The top team in each pool advanced to the semifinals, with the second-place team from each group going to the bronze medal playoffs. The two semifinal winners met in the gold medal match, while the two semifinal losers each played against one of the winners from the bronze medal playoffs, with the winners of those games meeting in the bronze medal match.

Each match consisted of up to five games, with the first team to win three being declared the winner. The first two games in each match were singles, the third was doubles, and the final two were singles again. Each team member competed in two of the five games, according to a set rotation.

Table tennis at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Table tennis competitions at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing were held from August 13 to August 23, at the Peking University Gymnasium. The competition featured the team events for the first time, replacing the doubles events competed in previous games. A total of four sets of medals were awarded for the four events contested. China, as the host country, would win every medal possible, claiming the podium in both the Men's and Women's Singles events and claiming Gold in both the Men's and Women's Team Event, leading the IOC and ITTF, to change the qualification process for the 2012 Summer Olympics, to ensure that countries could only enter 2, instead of 3 athletes into the Singles event.
Haplotichnus
Haplotichnus is an ichnogenus of invertebrate trace fossil that was erected by S.A. Miller in 1889. Buatois et al. (1998) proposed that Haplotichnus should be synonymized with Gordia because both exhibit a looping course with self-crossing. Other researchers, such as Wang et al. (2009), have maintained the distinction between the two ichnogenera because Haplotichnus has sharp bends, whereas those of Gordia are not sharp. Most recently, Getty and Bush (2016) synonymized Haplotichnus with Treptichnus due to the presence of bifurcating projections at the bends. Other features, such as the looping course of the trace, thought to distinguish Haplotichnus from Treptichnus, are actually seen in one of the syntypes of Treptichnus, further supporting Getty and Bush's (2016) synonymy.

Treptichnus
Treptichnus is a genus of trace fossils (with modern analogues) representing a three-dimensional burrow. These fossil traces are known from marine, brackish, and freshwater deposits from the Ediacaran (550 million years ago) to the Upper Oligocene (24 mya).

Treptichnus represents the oldest known example of a complex, three-dimensional burrow. One of its ichnospecies, Treptichnus pedum, is of major paleontological importance as it defines the global boundary between the Ediacaran and Cambrian periods (539 mya).
Standard-gauge railway
A standard-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in). The standard gauge is also called Stephenson gauge (after George Stephenson), international gauge, UIC gauge, uniform gauge, normal gauge in Europe, and SGR in East Africa. It is the most widely used track gauge around the world, with about 60% of the lines in the world using it.

All high-speed rail lines use standard gauge except those in Russia, Finland, Uzbekistan, and some line sections in Spain. The distance between the inside edges of the heads of the rails is defined to be 1,435 mm except in the United States, Canada, and on some heritage British lines, where it is defined in U.S. customary/British Imperial units as exactly "four feet eight and one half inches", which is equivalent to 1,435.1 mm.

Track gauge conversion
Track gauge conversion is the changing of one railway track gauge (the distance between the running rails) to another. In general, requirements depend on whether the conversion is from a wider gauge to a narrower gauge or vice versa, on how the rail vehicles can be modified to accommodate a track gauge conversion, and on whether the gauge conversion is manual or automated.
Liu Chih-yun
Chih-Yun Liu (Chinese: 劉熾雲; pinyin: Liú Chìyún) served as Deputy International Commissioner of the Boy Scouts of China.

In 1995, Liu was awarded the 242nd Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.

Scouts of China
The Scouts of China or the General Association of the Scouts of China (Taiwan) in full, is the National Scouting Organization (NSO) of the Republic of China (Taiwan) and represents the Scouting organization in Taiwan. It is a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement since 1937. In 2021, the Scouts of China had 53,972 members.