hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Propionate fermentation
Propionate fermentation is a form of fermentation with propionic acid as one of the products. This process is done through the fermentation pathway of bacteria. It is used in a variety of industrial, food-making, and medical applications. There is interest in propionic acid as a feedstock for bioplastic and other chemical applications.

Fermentation in food processing
In food processing, fermentation is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohol or organic acids using microorganisms—yeasts or bacteria—without an oxidizing agent being used in the reaction. Fermentation usually implies that the action of microorganisms is desired. The science of fermentation is known as zymology or zymurgy.

The term "fermentation" sometimes refers specifically to the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol, producing alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and cider. However, similar processes take place in the leavening of bread (CO2 produced by yeast activity), and in the preservation of sour foods with the production of lactic acid, such as in sauerkraut and yogurt.

Other widely consumed fermented foods include vinegar, olives, and cheese. More localized foods prepared by fermentation may also be based on beans, grain, vegetables, fruit, honey, dairy products, and fish.
Goingsnake
Goingsnake (c. 1758 – March 1, 1840), also spelled Going Snake; in Cherokee, I-na-du-na-i, ᎢᎾᏚᎾᎢ) (Cherokee) was a respected warrior, gifted orator, and prominent political leader of his people. He was born in the vicinity of present-day Nottely Lake (created as a Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) project in 1942), Georgia, then part of the large Cherokee territory.

When the Cherokee were forced to cede their land and were removed by United States forces from their homeland in the Southeastern United States, Goingsnake, then 80 years old, accompanied them on the Trail of Tears in 1838. He built a new home in Indian Territory, but died soon after the removal. His death date is unknown. The Cherokee Nation celebrated his memory by naming one of its political subdivisions in 1840 as Goingsnake District.

Tahlequah, Oklahoma
Tahlequah (/ˈtæləkwɑː/ TAL-ə-kwah; Cherokee: ᏓᎵᏆ, daligwa [dàlígʷá]) is a city in Cherokee County, Oklahoma located at the foothills of the Ozark Mountains. It is part of the Green Country region of Oklahoma and was established as a capital of the 19th-century Cherokee Nation in 1839, as part of the new settlement in Indian Territory after the Cherokee Native Americans were forced west from the American Southeast on the Trail of Tears.

As of the 2020 census, Tahlequah had a population of 16,209.

Tahlequah is the capital of the two federally recognized Cherokee tribes based in Oklahoma, the modern Cherokee Nation and the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians. Tahlequah is also the county seat of Cherokee County. The main campus of Northeastern State University is located in the city.
Mohamed Ahmed Zaki
Mohamed Ahmed Zaki Mohamed (Arabic: محمد أحمد زكي محمد; born 29 January 1956) is an Egyptian colonel general who was minister of defense of Egypt from June 14, 2018, to July 2, 2024. He previously held the command for the Egyptian Paratroopers from December 2008 to August 2012 and became the commander of the Republican Guard Forces until June 2018.

Zaki was sworn in on 14 June 2018, succeeding Sedki Sobhy as the minister of defense. His appointment may have been a reward for arresting former Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi during the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état.

Ministry of Defense (Egypt)
The Egyptian Ministry of Defense is the ministry responsible for the Egyptian Armed Forces organization and manages its affairs and maintains its facilities. It also handles the affairs of colleges and military recruitment, mobilization and management of veterans and military factories in Egypt through the Armed Forces Management and Administration Agency.

It was established in 1879 by Khedive Isma'il Pasha and was then called the Ministry of War, until it was renamed to the Ministry of Defense on 14 May 1971. Egypt's Ministry of Defense is based in Cairo and the headquarters is called The Octagon, located in the New Administrative Capital.
2024 MAMA Awards
The 2024 MAMA Awards was held on November 21 at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles, California and on November 22 and 23 at the Kyocera Dome in Osaka, Japan. Actor and singer Park Bo-gum hosted the US part of the ceremony, while actress Kim Tae-ri hosted the second night of the ceremony in Japan.

MAMA Award for Best New Artist
The MAMA Award for Best New Male / Female Artist (Korean: 남자 신인상 / 여자 신인상) is an award presented by CJ E&M Pictures (Mnet) at the annual MAMA Awards. Mnet is also the one who chooses which group or individual will win this category as well as other categories in MAMA. Since 2008, nominees for this category include both groups and soloists.

The accolade was first awarded at the 1st Mnet Asian Music Awards ceremony held in 1999; winners Lee Jung-hyun and Team received the titles "Best New Solo Artist" and "Best New Group" for their songs "Come" and "Farewell", respectively. The award is given in honor for new artist(s) with the most achievements in the music industry during the course of the year.
Burundi national football team
The Burundi national football team (Kirundi: Umurwi nserukira gihugu w'umupira w'amaguru w'u Burundi), nicknamed The Swallows (French: Les Hirondelles; Kirundi: Intamba m'Urugamba), represents Burundi in international football and is controlled by the Football Federation of Burundi. The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup. Burundi previously did come very close to qualifying for the 1994 Africa Cup of Nations, losing only on penalties to Guinea in a playoff. However, in 2019, it qualified for the first time in a major tournament, and took part in the Africa Cup of Nations finals in Group B, but lost all its matches and left from the group stage without scoring a single goal.

Burkina Faso national football team
The Burkina Faso national football team (French: Équipe de football du Burkina Faso) represents Burkina Faso in men's international football and is controlled by the Burkinabé Football Federation. They were known as the Upper Volta national football team until 1984, when Upper Volta became Burkina Faso. They finished fourth in the 1998 Africa Cup of Nations, when they hosted the tournament. Their best ever finish in the tournament was the 2013 edition, reaching the final.
Siege of Ranthambore (1568)
In the siege of Ranthambore, on 8 February 1568, Akbar led a massive Mughal Army of over 50,000 men and besieged Ranthambore Fort. Akbar had become emboldened after his victories at the Battle of Thanesar and the siege of Chittorgarh and only Ranthambore Fort remained unconquered. Akbar believed that Ranthambore Fort was a major threat to the Mughal Empire because it housed great Hada Rajputs who considered themselves sworn enemies of the Mughals.

Akbar had first decided to besiege Ranthambore Fort in the year 1558, but decided instead to capture Gwalior, northern Rajputana, and Jaunpur.

Battle of Thanesar (1567)
Battle of Thanesar (also known as the Battle of the Ascetics) was fought on the eve of Solar eclipse holy bath fair on 9 April 1567, near Thanesar on the banks of the Saraswati Ghaggar River in the state of Haryana. While the Mughal Emperor Akbar was on his campaign to subdue the rebellious Rajputs of Mewar, he set up camp at a spring and established camp around that freshwater reservoir in order to properly manage his forces in the nearby regions.
Ex vivo lung perfusion
Ex vivo lung perfusion (abbreviated EVLP) is a form of machine perfusion aimed at sustaining the active aerobic cellular metabolism of donor lungs outside the donor's body prior to lung transplantation. This medical preservation technique typically occurs within a specialised machine engineered to mimic the conditions of the natural circulatory system. The machine supplies the lung with perfusate and ventilates it using a protective mechanical ventilator under human body temperature. This allows the delivery of essential nutrients and oxygen to the donor lung, supporting metabolic functions and allowing for prolonged preservation up to 17 hours. The three major EVLP protocols at present are the Toronto protocol, Lund protocol, and Organ Care System protocol. These EVLP protocols can be effective in rendering initially rejected donor lungs suitable for transplantation through reassessment and damage repair, thus widening the donor lung pools.

Bronchoscopy
Bronchoscopy is an endoscopic technique of visualizing the inside of the airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. An instrument (bronchoscope) is inserted into the airways, usually through the nose or mouth, or occasionally through a tracheostomy. This allows the practitioner to examine the patient's airways for abnormalities such as foreign bodies, bleeding, tumors, or inflammation. Specimens may be taken from inside the lungs. The construction of bronchoscopes ranges from rigid metal tubes with attached lighting devices to flexible optical fiber instruments with realtime video equipment.
WWIN (AM)
WWIN (1400 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station in Baltimore, Maryland.  Owned by Urban One, it broadcasts an urban gospel radio format.  Some Christian talk and teaching programs are heard middays and Sundays.  The studios are in Woodlawn, shared with sister stations WERQ-FM, WOLB and WWIN-FM.

WWIN is powered at 500 watts.  The transmitter is on East Monument Street in the Orangeville section of East Baltimore.

Woodlawn, Baltimore County, Maryland
Woodlawn is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. Per the 2020 census, the population was 39,986. It is home to the headquarters of the Social Security Administration (SSA) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). It is bordered by Catonsville on the south, by the Patapsco River and Howard County on the west, by Randallstown and Lochearn to the north, and by the City of Baltimore to the east. Parts of Woodlawn are sometimes informally referred to as Security, Maryland, due to the importance of the SSA's headquarters as well as nearby Security Boulevard (Maryland Route 122) and Security Square Mall.

The Lorraine Park Cemetery Gate Lodge and St. Mary's Episcopal Church were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
Consumer health laws
Consumer Health Laws are laws that ensure that health products are safe and effective and that health professionals are competent; that government agencies enforce the laws and keep the public informed; professional, voluntary, and business organizations that serve as consumer advocates, monitor government agencies that issue safety regulations, and provide trustworthy information about health products and services; education of the consumer to permit freedom of choice based on an understanding of scientific data rather than misleading information; action by individuals to register complaints when they have been deceived, misled, overcharged, or victimized by frauds.

Food Additives Amendment of 1958
The Food Additives Amendment of 1958 is a 1958 amendment to the United States' Food, Drugs, and Cosmetic Act of 1938. It was a response to concerns about the safety of new food additives. The amendment established an exemption from the "food additive" definition and requirements for substances "generally recognized as safe" by scientific experts in the field, based on long history of use before 1958 or based on scientific studies. New food additives would be subject to testing including by the "Delaney clause". The Delaney clause was a provision in the amendment which said that if a substance were found to cause cancer in man or animal, then it could not be used as a food additive.
Pensnett Chase
52°28′59″N 2°05′53″W﻿ / ﻿52.483°N 2.098°W﻿ / 52.483; -2.098

Pensnett Chase was a wooded area of land owned by the Lords of Dudley Castle in the parishes of Kingswinford and Dudley (or mainly so).  As a chase, it was originally used by them to hunt game in although it was also used as common land by local people.  At some periods it was regarded as extending into Gornal and including Baggeridge Wood at one end and perhaps Cradley Heath at the other. By the 17th century the ancient woodlands had largely been cleared.

In the early modern period, the Dudley portion of the Chase came to be known as Dudley Wood and the name was largely reserved for the portion in Kingswinford.  This was in the 18th century an extensive area of commonland which was inclosed in the late 18th century, with the mines reserved to the lord of the manor.  It extended from the area now called Pensnett through Brierley Hill to Quarry Bank.

Gornal, West Midlands
Gornal is a village and electoral ward  in the Dudley Metropolitan Borough, in the West Midlands of England. It encompasses the three historical villages of Upper Gornal, Lower Gornal, and Gornal Wood. Gornal was historically part of Staffordshire, prior to the creation of the West Midlands County in 1974. Gornal is 11 miles from Birmingham.

The three Gornal villages were originally a part of the ancient manor of Sedgley until 1894, when the area became part of Sedgley Urban District. In 1966, along with most of the rest of Sedgley, it was merged into the County Borough of Dudley. Since 1974, it has been part of the larger Metropolitan Borough of Dudley.

Gornal stone, a variety of limestone, originates in Gornal.

Himley Hall and Park and Baggeridge Country Park are notable nearby visitor attractions.
Wanzleben-Börde
Wanzleben-Börde (German pronunciation: [ˈvantsˌleːbn̩ ˈbœʁdə]) is a town in the Börde district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It was formed on 1 January 2010 by the merger of the former municipalities Bottmersdorf, Domersleben, Dreileben, Eggenstedt, Groß Rodensleben, Hohendodeleben, Klein Rodensleben, Seehausen and Wanzleben. On 1 September 2010 it absorbed Klein Wanzleben.

Börde (district)
Börde (German: Landkreis Börde) is a district in Saxony-Anhalt in Germany. Its seat is the town Haldensleben. It takes its name from the natural region Magdeburg Börde. It is the site of the Morsleben radioactive waste repository. The disposal of waste into the facility ended in 1998.
2010–11 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team
The 2010–11 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team represented Georgetown University in the 2010–2011 NCAA Division I basketball season.  In November, the team played in and won the Charleston Classic tournament. During the February 23 game against the Cincinnati Bearcats, senior Chris Wright injured his hand, and later had surgery that kept him out of the final conference games. Without him, the Hoyas lost in their first game in the 2011 Big East men's basketball tournament. The team ultimately received an at-large invitation as a 6 seed in the 2011 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, where they lost in the second round to VCU. They finished the season 21–11, 10–8 in Big East play.

Charleston Classic
The Shriners Children's Charleston Classic is an eight team invitational college basketball season-opening tournament held in Charleston, South Carolina. An ESPN-owned and operated event, it is contested at TD Arena, home of the Charleston Cougars. The inaugural tournament was held November 14–16, 2008. From 2009 through 2024, it was a four-day invitational with each team playing three games (since the second edition, the tournament has been staged as a Thursday, Friday and Sunday format with a Saturday off day). Starting in 2025, the eight teams were sliced into two four-team brackets, with each team playing two games over three days.
Phases of Operation Car Wash
A long series of criminal investigations have occurred in Brazil associated with Operation Car Wash. The first investigation was launched in March 2014, and is now known as phase 1 of the investigation, with subsequent inquiries numbered sequentially and having code names such as phase 2 (Operation Bidone), phase 3 (Operation Casablanca), and so on. By February 2021, there were 80 announced phases of Operation Car Wash.

Besides these, there were other investigations that are considered offshoots of Operation Car Wash.

Antonio Palocci
Antonio Palocci Filho (born 4 October 1960) is a Brazilian physician and politician, and formerly Chief of Staff of Brazil under President Dilma Rousseff. He was the finance minister of the Brazilian federal government from 1 January 2003 to 27 March 2006, when he resigned in the wake of reports of conduct unbecoming of his office during the presidency of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. He resigned as chief of staff on 7 June 2011.
Synthetic thinking
Synthetic thinking is a form of thinking that uses the function of a phenomenon within a larger system to explain it. This is in contrast to analytical thinking, which instead divides the system into smaller parts that are more easily explained. An example of synthetic thinking is explaining the organs of the human body in terms of the role they play in the organism, as opposed to analytical thinking which looks at the behavior of their individual tissues or structures. Synthetic thinking can also be useful for making summaries or conclusions.

Synthetic thinking has been described as the ability to "see problems in new ways and abandon established mindsets", and has been associated with the metaphor of thinking outside the box which means thinking differently, unconventionally, or from a new perspective.

Phenomenon
A phenomenon  (pl. phenomena), sometimes spelled phaenomenon, is an observable event. The term came into its modern philosophical usage through Immanuel Kant, who contrasted it with the noumenon, which cannot be directly observed. Kant was heavily influenced by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in this part of his philosophy, in which phenomenon and noumenon serve as interrelated technical terms. Far predating this, the ancient Greek Pyrrhonist philosopher Sextus Empiricus also used phenomenon and noumenon as interrelated technical terms.
Howard Lincoln
Howard Charles Lincoln (born February 14, 1940) is an American lawyer and businessman, known primarily for being the former chairman of Nintendo of America and the former chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of the Seattle Mariners baseball team, representing absentee majority owner Hiroshi Yamauchi until Yamauchi died on September 19, 2013.

Pat Gillick
Lawrence Patrick David Gillick (born August 22, 1937) is an American professional baseball executive. He served as the general manager of four MLB teams: the Toronto Blue Jays (1978–1994), Baltimore Orioles (1996–1998), Seattle Mariners (2000–2003), and Philadelphia Phillies (2006–2008). He guided the Blue Jays to World Series championships in 1992 and 1993 and the Phillies in 2008. He is a minority owner of the Phillies.

Gillick was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2011, the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame in 1997, the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame in 2013, the Toronto Blue Jays Level of Excellence in 1997, and the Phillies Wall of Fame in 2018.

Before working as an executive, he won a college national championship as a pitcher for the University of Southern California (USC) Trojans in 1958.
Jiggs and Maggie in Court
Jiggs and Maggie in Court is a 1948 American comedy film directed by William Beaudine and starring Joe Yule, Renie Riano and George McManus. It was the second of a series of four films featuring Yule and Riano as the title characters, in a spin-off from the 1946 film Bringing Up Father.

George McManus
George McManus (January 23, 1884 – October 22, 1954) was an American cartoonist best known as the creator of Irish immigrant Jiggs and his wife Maggie, the main characters of his syndicated comic strip, Bringing Up Father.
Magnetorheological damper
A magnetorheological damper or magnetorheological shock absorber is a damper filled with magnetorheological fluid, which is controlled by a magnetic field, usually using an electromagnet. This allows the damping characteristics of the shock absorber to be continuously controlled by varying the power of the electromagnet. Fluid viscosity increases within the damper as electromagnet intensity increases. This type of shock absorber has several applications, most notably in semi-active vehicle suspensions which may adapt to road conditions, as they are monitored through sensors in the vehicle, and in prosthetic limbs.

Car suspension
Suspension is the system of tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion between the two. Suspension systems must support both road holding/handling and ride quality, which are at odds with each other. The tuning of suspensions involves finding the right compromise. The suspension is crucial for maintaining consistent contact between the road wheel and the road surface, as all forces exerted on the vehicle by the road or ground are transmitted through the tires' contact patches. The suspension also protects the vehicle itself and any cargo or luggage from damage and wear. The design of front and rear suspension of a car may be different.
Tales of the Drift
Tales of the Drift is the second album from Australian hip-hop artists Hermitude.  It was released on 1 August 2005.

The album features Ozi Batla and Urthboy from The Herd on the track "Fallen Giants" and MC Blu on the track "Music from the Mind". Artwork designed by Kaho Cheung (aka Unkle Ho - The Herd) and was released on CD and as a double vinyl album.

Tales of the Drift was recorded and mixed by Hermitude and John Stuart at Sound Heaven Studios in Wentworth Falls.

The first single released was "Fallen Giants" which receiving significant airplay on Triple J, with the song being included on Triple J's compilation album Home & Hosed - Ripe & Ready.

The Herd (Australian band)
The Herd are an Australian hip hop group, formed in Sydney 2001. The group is composed of MCs Ozi Batla, Urthboy and Berzerkatron, along with producer Unkle Ho, multi-instrumentalist Traksewt, guitarists Sulo and Toe-Fu, bassist Rok Poshtya and singer Jane Tyrrell. The band's songs often feature politically oriented lyrics, with the group closely aligned with left-wing  politics. The group was largely inactive from 2013 onwards, reuniting for select performances, before reuniting in earnest circa 2024.
Kyrock, Kentucky
Kyrock is a ghost town in Edmonson County in south central Kentucky, United States. The ghost town is located about 2.4 miles (3.9 km) east of Sweeden, or about 5 miles (8.0 km) north-northeast of the county seat of Brownsville. It was once referred to as a “company town” along the Nolin River during much of the first half of the 20th century, but the industrial town was disincorporated in 1966, about nine years after the closure of the company that created the town.

Kyrock was one of several other central Edmonson County communities located near Mammoth Cave National Park.

Nolin River Lake
Nolin River Lake is a reservoir in Edmonson, Grayson, and Hart counties in Kentucky. It was impounded from the Nolin River by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in 1963. The Nolin River dam was authorized in 1938 as part of a flood control act. The lake varies from 2,890 acres (11.7 km2) in the winter to 5,795 acres (23.45 km2) in the summer.

Nearby attractions include Mammoth Cave National Park, Nolin Lake State Park, Moutardier Resort and Marina, Ponderosa Boat Dock/Marina and Wax Marina.  Moutardier is an unincorporated community that abuts Nolin River Lake. Moutardier is located on Kentucky Route 259, 10.3 miles (16.6 km) south-southeast of Leitchfield.