hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Victor Babiuc
Victor Babiuc (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈviktor baˈbjuk]; 3 April 1938 – 25 February 2023) was a Romanian jurist and politician. A former member of the Democratic Party (PD), and of the National Liberal Party (PNL), he was a member of the Romanian Chamber of Deputies for Bucharest in 1990 and from 1992 to 1996, and for Brașov County from 1996 to 2004. In the Petre Roman cabinet, he was Minister of Justice from 1990 to 1991. In the Theodor Stolojan cabinet, he was Minister of the Interior from 1991 to 1992. In the Victor Ciorbea, Radu Vasile and Mugur Isărescu cabinets, he was Minister of National Defense from 1996 to 2000.

Mugur Isărescu
Constantin Mugur Isărescu (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈmuɡur isəˈresku]; born 1 August 1949) is the governor of the National Bank of Romania, a position he has been holding since September 1990, with the sole exception of a period of time of one year (22 December 1999 to 28 December 2000), during which he served as Prime Minister of Romania. In addition, he is also a member of the Romanian Academy. Isărescu is a member of The Trilateral Commission.
Alastair Ogilvy
Squadron Leader Charles Alexander "Alistair" Ogilvy (30 November 1915 – 23 February 1995) was a British Royal Air Force officer who flew with Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain. Due to records lost during World War II, he was not recognised as one of The Few until after his death.

The Few
The Few were the airmen of the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the aviators of the Fleet Air Arm, Royal Navy (RN) who fought the Battle of Britain in the Second World War. The term comes from Winston Churchill's phrase "Never, in the field of human conflict, was so much owed by so many to so few." It also alludes to Shakespeare's famous speech in his play, Henry V: "We few, we happy few, we band of brothers..."
36th United States Congress
The 36th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1859, to March 4, 1861, during the third and fourth years of James Buchanan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1850 United States census. The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had a Republican plurality.

United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
The United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources is a standing committee of the United States Senate. It has jurisdiction over matters related to energy and mineral resources, including nuclear development; irrigation and reclamation, territorial possessions of the United States, trust lands appertaining to America's indigenous peoples, and the conservation, use, and disposition of federal lands. Its roots go back to the Committee on Interior and Insulars Affairs. In 1977, it became the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, and most matters regarding Native Americans, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians were removed from its jurisdiction and transferred to the Committee on Indian Affairs.
Evanston South
Evanston South is a northern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia in the Town of Gawler. It is on the eastern side of Main North Road on the southern side of Gawler.

The southern part of Evanston South includes the Gawler Gate Tourist Park, formerly known as Dalkeith Caravan Park, at 3134 Main North Road.

The northern part of Evanston South contains Trinity College, Gawler, a residential housing estate developed in the 2010s, and vacant land zoned for future residential development.

Gawler
Gawler, established in 1839,  is the oldest country town in the state of South Australia. It was named after the second Governor (British Vice-Regal representative) of the colony of South Australia, George Gawler. It is about  40–44 km (25–27 mi) north of the state capital, Adelaide, and is close to the major wine producing district of the Barossa Valley. Topographically, Gawler lies at the confluence of two tributaries of the Gawler River, the North and South Para rivers, where they emerge from a range of low hills.

Historically a semi-rural area, Gawler has been swept up in Adelaide's growth in recent years, and is now counted as a suburb in the Outer Metro region of the Greater Adelaide Planning Region. The town had a population of 28,562 in the 2021 Census.
1974 Bavarian Tennis Championships
The 1974 Bavarian Tennis Championships was a men's Grand Prix tennis circuit tournament held at the MTTC Iphitos in Munich, West Germany which was played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 58th edition of the tournament and was held from 13 May through 19 May 1974. Seventh-seeded Jürgen Fassbender won the singles title.

Bavarian International Tennis Championships
The Bavarian International Tennis Championships (German: Internationale Tennis-Meisterschaften von Bayern), known since 1990 by its sponsored name BMW Open, is a men's tennis tournament held at the MTTC Iphitos in Munich, Germany. The tournament is played on outdoor clay courts as part of the ATP Tour calendar. In 2025, it was upgraded to an ATP 500 level event.
Founded in 1899 as a combined men's and women's event, it is also known as the  Bavarian Open.
Nikolay Merkushkin
Nikolay Ivanovich Merkushkin (Russian: Николай Иванович Меркушкин; Moksha: Кола Меркушкин; born 5 February 1951) is a Russian politician who served as Governor of Samara Oblast from 2012 to 2017 and as Head of the Republic of Mordovia from 1995 to 2012. From 24 January to 22 September 1995, he served as Chairman of the State Assembly of Mordovia.

Governor of Samara Oblast
The Governor of Samara Oblast (Russian: Губернатор Самарской области) is the head of government of Samara Oblast, a federal subject of Russia.

The position was introduced in 1991 as Head of Administration of Samara Oblast. The Governor is elected by direct popular vote for a term of five years and can hold the position for two consecutive terms.
Arthur Kinnaird, 11th Lord Kinnaird
Arthur Fitzgerald Kinnaird, 11th Lord Kinnaird, KT (16 February 1847 – 30 January 1923) was a British principal of The Football Association and a leading footballer, considered by some journalists as the first football star. He played in nine FA Cup Finals, a record that stands to this day. His record of five wins in the competition stood until 2010, when it was broken by Ashley Cole.

Kinnaird also served as president of The FA for 33 years. For his contributions to football and the FA Cup, he was given the FA Cup trophy itself to keep in 1911 when a new trophy was commissioned.

1875 FA Cup final
The 1875 FA Cup final was a football match between Royal Engineers and Old Etonians on 13 March 1875 at Kennington Oval in London. It was the fourth final of the world's oldest football competition, the Football Association Challenge Cup (known in the modern era as the FA Cup). Heading into the final, the Royal Engineers were playing in their third final after losing the 1872 and 1874 finals while the Old Etonians were playing in their first FA Cup final.

Prior to the final, the Royal Engineers had played one more match than the Old Etonians with the Etonians getting a bye in the second round due to the odd number of the teams that had entered the tournament. 2,000 people saw the match which ended in a 1–1 draw, Henry Renny-Tailyour scored for the Engineers but Alexander Bonsor replied to have the match end in a draw and have the final being replayed for the first time with two goals from Renny-Tailyour sealing the Royal Engineers' first and only FA Cup title.
Alisport Silent Club
The Silent Club is a single seater sailplane of Italian manufacture. It is of the FAI type DU Class glider. It is sold by Alisport ready-to-fly or kit-built as pure glider or self-launching glider. The self-launching version is fitted with a single-blade propeller belt-driven by a two-stroke engine or optionally by an electric motor.

The electric version was the first production electric-powered commercially available aircraft and appeared in 1997. It is driven by a 13 kW (17 hp) DC electric motor running on 40 kg (88 lb) of batteries that provide 1.4 kWh of energy.

The highly modified version, the Alisport Silent Club-J is a self-launching aerobatic jet motor glider shown on the U.S. airshow circuit and all over the world by Bob Carlton. It is powered by twin AMT-USA AT-450 jet engines (200 N (45 Lbf) of thrust each) originally developed for radio-controlled aircraft.

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
Kamma (caste)
Kamma is a largely Hindu caste from South India. The community of Kammas is believed to have originated from agriculturists of the Kammanadu region of the erstwhile Guntur district and Ongole division in Andhra Pradesh. Propelled by their military activity in the Vijayanagara Empire, Kammas are believed to have spread out from the region during the Vijayanagara period, followed by some in-migration during the British period and out-migration again during the twentieth century. Today they are regarded as the richest group in Andhra Pradesh and are a dominant caste from Coastal Andhra with socio-economic and political prominence throughout the Telugu-speaking regions of India (the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana).

They also have a notable, albeit smaller, presence in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. In recent times, 
a sizeable number of Kammas have migrated to the United States.

Aravidu dynasty
The Aravidu Dynasty was the fourth and last Hindu dynasty of the Vijayanagara Empire in South India. Its founder was Tirumala Deva Raya, whose brother Rama Raya had been the masterful regent of the last ruler of the previous dynasty. Rama Raya's death at the Battle of Talikota in 1565 led to the subsequent destruction of Vijayanagar by the combined forces of the Muslim states of the Deccan. The Aravidu family claimed to be Kshatriyas and were based in Andhra region. They claimed to belong to the Atreya gotra and traced their lineage to the Eastern Chalukya king Rajaraja Narendra.

The Aravidu dynasty, after the fall of the Vijayanagar Empire in the 17th century, continued their rule by establishing themselves as the Rajas of Anegundi. These descendants of the Aravidu dynasty, despite not holding active political power, are often respected due to their association with the Vijayanagar Empire.
Stary Węgrzynów
Stary Węgrzynów [ˈstarɨ vɛŋˈɡʐɨnuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Słupia, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-west of Słupia, 29 km (18 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and 62 km (39 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Słupia, Jędrzejów County
Słupia [ˈswupja] is a village in Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Słupia. It lies approximately 24 km (15 mi) west of Jędrzejów and 56 km (35 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.
Great Portland Estates
Great Portland Estates plc (branded as GPE) is a British property development and investment company. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. The firm switched to Real Estate Investment Trust status when REITs were introduced in the United Kingdom in January 2007.

FTSE 250 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 250 Index, also called the FTSE 250 Index, FTSE 250, or, informally, the "Footsie 250" /ˈfʊtsi/, is a stock market index that consists of the 101st to the 350th mid-cap blue chip companies listed on the London Stock Exchange.
Remaco Spur
The Remaco Spur was a 1.6 mi (2.6 km) U.S. government-owned railway line constructed from the Golden-Denver "Tramway Route 84" (Denver Tramway Corporation's 1908 electric Denver & Interurban Railroad) for transporting supplies and munitions to/from the Denver Ordnance Plant in Lakewood, Colorado.  The line connected between Oak and Quail streets at the Morningside shelter and was operated by the Remington Arms Company with railyard trackage in the Denver Ordnance Zone of ~11 mi (18 km).

Remington Arms
Remington Arms Company, LLC, was an American manufacturer of firearms and ammunition. It was formerly owned by the Remington Outdoor Company, which went bankrupt in 2020 with its lines of business sold to several purchasers. Two resulting companies each bear the Remington name—the firearms manufacturer is Remington Firearms owned by RemArms, LLC., and the ammunition business is Remington Ammunition owned by The Kinetic Group (Czechoslovak Group).

Founded in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington as E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York, it was one of the oldest gun makers in the United States and claimed to be the oldest factory in the country that still made its original product. The company was the largest rifle manufacturer in North America according to 2015 ATF statistics. The company developed or adopted more cartridges than any other gun maker or ammunition manufacturer in the world.
Hacienda Santa Fe
Hacienda Santa Fe is a city in the municipality of Tlajomulco de Zuñiga, Jalisco. It is the largest city in the municipality with a population of 139,174 people in 2020. It is located in the central part of the state.

Tlajomulco de Zúñiga
Tlajomulco de Zúñiga  is the municipal seat and third most populous city in the municipality of the same name, located in the state of Jalisco in central-western Mexico. It forms part of the Guadalajara metropolitan area, lying to the southeast of it. The municipality covers an area of 636.93 km2. As of 2010 it had a population of 416,626, with a total urban population of 378,965.

Its name is interpreted from Nahuatl as "Land in the Corner."

As it is part of the Guadalajara metropolitan area, it has an industrial base and is a large commercial area. Guadalajara International Airport is located in the municipality.
Cahuarano language
Cahuarano is an extinct indigenous American language of the Zaparoan family, once spoken along the Nanay River in Peru. The last speaker died in the late 1980s or early 1990s. While considered a language by most scholars, it was considered by some to be a dialect of Iquito.

Its speakers, who were of the Moracano tribe, lived north of the Nanay River northwest of Iquitos. In 1930, Günther Tessmann estimated the language's number of speakers to be around 1,000, while linguist Gustavo Solís gave the number 5 in 1987.

Zaparoan languages
Zaparoan (also Sáparoan, Záparo, Zaparoano, Zaparoana) is an endangered language family of Peru and Ecuador with fewer than 100 speakers. Zaparoan speakers seem to have been very numerous before the arrival of the Europeans. However, their groups have been decimated by imported diseases and warfare, and only a handful of them have survived.
Hajjiabad, Kalat
Hajjiabad (Persian: حاجي اباد, also Romanized as Ḩājjīābād) is a village in Hezarmasjed Rural District, in the Central District of Kalat County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 221, in 51 families.

Hezarmasjed Rural District
Hezarmasjed Rural District (Persian: دهستان هزارمسجد) is in Hezarmasjed District of Kalat County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kalu. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Hasanabad, now the city of Hasanabad-e Layen-e Now.
Faridah v Ahmad Shah
Faridah Begum bte Abdullah v. Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al Mustain Billah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Abu Bakar Ri’Ayatudin Al Mu’Adzam Shah, [1996] 1 MLJ 617 is the first and, as of recently, the only Malaysian case to have been heard by the Special Court of Malaysia, a court specialised in presiding over proceedings brought by or against the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and the Malay Rulers of the respective Malay states. The Special Court ruled that the plaintiff, being a Singapore citizen, could not be conferred the right to sue the Sultan of Pahang as the precise and clear wording of article 182(2) of the Federal Constitution of Malaysia did not entitle the plaintiff to take legal action against any of the Malay Rulers in the latter's personal capacity.

Absolute immunity
In United States law, absolute immunity is a type of sovereign immunity for government officials that confers complete immunity from criminal prosecution and suits for damages, so long as officials are acting within the scope of their duties. The Supreme Court of the United States has consistently held that government officials deserve some type of immunity from lawsuits for damages, and that the common law recognized this immunity. The Court reasons that this immunity is necessary to protect public officials from excessive interference with their responsibilities and from "potentially disabling threats of liability."

Absolute immunity contrasts with qualified immunity, which sometimes applies when certain officials may have violated constitutional rights or federal law.
Polycheira
Polycheira is a genus of holothurians (sea cucumbers) found in tropical Indo-Pacific.

A curious pattern of reproduction has been found in Polycheira rufescens where specimens change their sex from male to female and from female to male in a reproductive season

Holothuria
Holothuria is the type genus of the marine animal family Holothuriidae, part of the class Holothuroidea, commonly known as sea cucumbers. Members of the genus are found in coastal waters in tropical and temperate regions. They are soft-bodied, limbless invertebrates which dwell on the ocean floor and are usually detritivores. They resemble a cucumber in form. The genus contains some species that are harvested and sold as food.
CKWX
CKWX (1130 AM) is a commercial radio station in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Owned by Rogers Radio, a division of Rogers Sports & Media, it broadcasts an news/talk radio format branded as 1130 NewsRadio Vancouver. CKWX's studios and offices are located at 2440 Ash Street in the Fairview neighbourhood of Vancouver.

CKWX is a Class A clear-channel station, broadcasting at 50,000 watts. CKWX broadcasts with a directional antenna at all times, using a two-tower array. The transmitter is located at Number 6 Road at Blundell Road on Lulu Island in Richmond. CKWX's daytime signal covers Southwest British Columbia and Northwest Washington. At night, CKWX can be heard around Western Canada and the Northwestern United States. CKWX is also heard on the second HD Radio subchannel of CJAX-FM.

Rogers Radio
Rogers Radio is a division of Rogers Sports & Media (a subsidiary of Rogers Communications) that specializes in the radio broadcasting industry. Rogers Radio is Canada's fourth-largest commercial radio broadcaster after Stingray Radio, Vista Radio and Bell Media Radio, the fifth being Corus, and the largest based in Ontario.

As of January 2015, the company owns and operates 52 radio stations (44 FM and 8 AM) in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia and Ontario. They had previously owned two stations in New Brunswick; however, they were sold to other companies in 2015.

Rogers Radio currently operates stations under the Jack FM, KiSS FM, Sportsnet Radio, NewsRadio, Country and SONiC RADiO brands as well as several local branding.
Moskorze
Moskorze [mɔsˈkɔʐɛ] (German: Lenz Ilsenhof) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Stara Dąbrowa, within Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) west of Stara Dąbrowa, 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Stargard, and 35 km (22 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Stara Dąbrowa, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Stara Dąbrowa [ˈstara dɔmˈbrɔva], (German Alt Damerow) is a village in Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Stara Dąbrowa. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-east of Stargard and 38 km (24 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 618.
Joanna, South Carolina
Joanna is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Laurens County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 1,539 at the 2010 census, down from 1,609 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Greenville–Mauldin–Easley Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Mauldin, South Carolina
Mauldin is a city in Greenville County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 24,724 at the 2020 census, making it the 19th-most populous city in South Carolina. It is located in the Greenville-Anderson-Greer, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Pasto Campaign
The Pasto Campaign was a series of military operations carried out between 1822 and 1824 by Gran Colombia against the Royalist strongholds of San Juan de Pasto and Patía, Cauca in present-day Southern Colombia.

The Pasto campaign was part of a larger military campaign called the Southern Campaigns, which would lead Simón Bolívar and Antonio José de Sucre to also liberate the Real Audiencia of Quito (present-day Ecuador), Peru and Bolivia, leading to the total defeat of Spanish Royalist forces on the South American continent in 1826.

Real Audiencia of Quito
The Real Audiencia of Quito (sometimes referred to as la Presidencia de Quito or el Reino de Quito) was an administrative unit in the Spanish Empire which had political, military, and religious jurisdiction over territories that today include Ecuador, parts of northern Peru, parts of southern Colombia and parts of northern Brazil. It was created by Royal Decree on 29 August 1563 by Philip II of Spain in the city of Guadalajara. It ended in 1822 with the incorporation of the area into the Republic of Gran Colombia.
Jordan sunshine recorder
A Jordan sunshine recorder is a type of sunshine recorder invented in the 19th century by T. B. Jordan with later modifications by his son, J. B. Jordan. The device consists of a cylinder with two small apertures through which sunlight can pass. Two sheets of photosensitive paper are placed inside the cylinder and the recorder is positioned in such a way that the sunlight falling through the apertures leaves a path on the paper as the sun moves through the sky during the day. The Jordan recorder was criticized as producing less consistent results than the Campbell–Stokes recorder due to difficulty in precisely interpreting the sun paths recorded.

Campbell–Stokes recorder
The Campbell–Stokes recorder (sometimes called a Stokes sphere) is a type of sunshine recorder.  It was invented by John Francis Campbell in 1853 and modified in 1879 by Sir George Gabriel Stokes.  The original design by Campbell consisted of large ball lens set into a wooden bowl with the Sun burning a trace on the bowl.  Stokes's refinement was to make the housing out of metal and to have a card holder set behind the sphere.

The unit is designed to record how many hours of bright sunshine were experienced on a given day.

This basic unit is still in use today with very little change.  It is widely used outside the United States (the Marvin sunshine recorder is generally the instrument used by the U.S. National Weather Service).