hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Women in the military by country
The recent history of changes in women's roles includes having women in the military. Every country in the world permits the participation of women in the military, in one form or another. In 2018, only two countries conscripted women and men on the same formal conditions: Norway and Sweden, joined by Denmark in 2025. A few other countries have laws conscripting women into their armed forces, however with some difference such as service exemptions, length of service, and more. Some countries do not have conscription, but men and women may serve on a voluntary basis under equal conditions. Alenka Ermenc was the first female head of armed forces in any of the NATO member states, having served as the Chief of the General Staff of the Slovenian Armed Forces between 2018 and 2020.

Close-quarters battle
Close-quarters battle (CQB), also called close-quarters combat (CQC), is a close combat situation between multiple combatants involving ranged (typically firearm-based) or melee combat. It can occur between military units, law enforcement and criminal elements, and in other similar situations. CQB is typically defined as a short duration, high intensity conflict characterized by sudden violence at close range.
Kavresthali, Kathmandu
Kavresthali is a small town in Tarakeshwar Municipality Kathmandu District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 4,774 and had 1,007 houses.

Kavresthali is in the northern side of Kathmandu valley and is 3 km (ward office located at 5.5 km.) away from ring road. It lies in the lap of Shivapuri National Park.

Tarakeshwar
Tarakeshwar is a municipality in Kathmandu District in Bagmati Province of Nepal that was established on 2 December 2014 by merging the former Village development committees Dharmasthali, Futung, Goldhunga, Jitpurphedi, Kavresthali, Manmaiju and Sangla. The office of the municipality is that of the former Dharmasthali village development committee.
Dynasties of ancient Egypt
In ancient Egyptian history, dynasties are a series of rulers sharing a common origin. They are usually, but not always, traditionally divided into 33 pharaonic dynasties; these dynasties are commonly grouped by modern scholars into "kingdoms" and "intermediate periods".

The 31 dynastic divisions come from the 3rd century BC Egyptian priest Manetho, whose history Aegyptiaca was probably written for a Greek-speaking Ptolemaic ruler but survives only in fragments and summaries. While widely used and useful, the system does have its shortcomings. Some dynasties only ruled part of Egypt and existed concurrently with other dynasties based in other cities. Some dynasties like the Abydos Dynasty weren't counted; the 7th might not have existed at all, the 10th seems to be a continuation of the 9th, and there might have been one or several Egyptian dynasties before what is termed the 1st Dynasty.

Ninth Dynasty of Egypt
The Ninth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty IX) is often combined with the 7th, 8th, 10th and early 11th Dynasties under the group title First Intermediate Period.
The dynasty that seems to have supplanted the Eighth Dynasty is extremely obscure. The takeover by the rulers of Herakleopolis was violent and is reflected in Manetho's description of Achthoes, the founder of the dynasty, as 'more terrible than his predecessors', who 'wrought evil things for those in all Egypt".
Language Barrier (album)
Language Barrier is a studio album by Jamaican musical duo Sly and Robbie, released in 1985 by Island Records. The album features guest musicians Herbie Hancock, Bob Dylan, Afrika Bambaataa, and Manu DiBango.

Bernie Worrell
George Bernard Worrell, Jr. (April 19, 1944 – June 24, 2016) was an American keyboardist and record producer, best known as a founding member of the Parliament-Funkadelic collective, and a touring member of Talking Heads in the 1980s. He also worked with such producers and musicians as Keith Richards, Yoko Ono, Bill Laswell, Mos Def, Sly and Robbie, Fela Kuti and Cream's Jack Bruce. The New York Times journalist Jon Pareles, described Worrell as "the kind of sideman who is as influential as some bandleaders" and stated that his music "indelibly changed the sound of funk and hip-hop." Worrell was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997 as a member of Parliament-Funkadelic, along with 15 other members the band. He also appeared with Talking Heads when they were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2002. Worrell was the uncle of rapper and actor Chino XL.
Spiritual mapping
Spiritual mapping refers to the belief among some Christians that specific demons, known as territorial spirits, are associated with specific locations and can be conquered through strategic spiritual warfare by plotting out geographical areas and their perceived problems in order to pray on-site. Spiritual mapping is part of the first of three steps in spiritual warfare, defined by sociologists Brad Christerson and Richard Flory as research, prophecy, and intercession. Religious studies scholar Sean McCloud has referred to spiritual mapping as a "Third Wave [Charismatic] version of geomancy that discerns where and why demons control spaces and places, ranging from houses and neighborhoods to entire countries."

Joshua Project
The Joshua Project is an evangelical Christian organization based in Colorado Springs, United States, which seeks to coordinate the work of missionary organizations to track the ethnic groups of the world with the fewest followers of evangelical Christianity. To do so, it maintains ethnologic data to support Christian missions. It also tracks the evangelism efforts among 17,351 people groups worldwide—a people group being "the largest group within which the Gospel can spread as a church planting movement," according to the project's website—to identify people groups as of yet unreached by Christian evangelism.
Protein pKa calculations
In computational biology, protein pKa calculations are used to estimate the pKa values of amino acids as they exist within proteins. These calculations complement the pKa values reported for amino acids in their free state, and are used frequently within the fields of molecular modeling, structural bioinformatics, and computational biology.

Computational biology
Computational biology refers to the use of techniques in computer science, data analysis, mathematical modeling and computational simulations to understand biological systems and relationships. An intersection of computer science, biology, and data science, the field also has foundations in applied mathematics, molecular biology, cell biology, chemistry, and genetics.
Galo Plaza
Galo Lincoln Plaza Lasso de la Vega (17 February 1906 – 28 January 1987) was an Ecuadorian statesman who served as President of Ecuador from 1948 to 1952 and Secretary General of the Organization of American States from 1968 to 1975. He is the son of former Ecuadorian President Leonidas Plaza.

President of Ecuador
The president of Ecuador (Spanish: Presidente del Ecuador), officially the Constitutional President of the Republic of Ecuador (Spanish: Presidente Constitucional de la República del Ecuador), serves as the head of state and head of government of Ecuador. It is the highest political office in the country as the head of the executive branch of government. Per the current constitution adopted in 2008, the president can serve two four-year terms. Prior to that, the president could only serve one four-year term.

The current president of Ecuador is Daniel Noboa, who was first elected in 2023 and re-elected in 2025. Having been sworn in at age 35, Noboa is the second youngest president in Ecuadorian history, after Juan José Flores.
Thesis of Pulacayo
The Thesis of Pulacayo (Tesis de Pulacayo) was an important document in the Bolivian and Latin American labor movement. It was adopted at the request of the delegation of Llallagua in the Congreso de la Federación Sindical de Trabajadores Mineros de Bolivia (FSTMB), which met in November 1946 in the city of Pulacayo. The thesis is based on the Trotskyist conception of permanent revolution and on the Transitional Program of the Fourth International.

The Transitional Program
The Transitional Program, originally titled The Death Agony of Capitalism and the Tasks of the Fourth International and later reprinted under the title, The Transitional Program and the Struggle for Socialism, is a  political platform adopted by the 1938 founding congress of the Fourth International, the international Leninist organization founded by Leon Trotsky.  It is an example of a transitional programme.
Baker Memorial Hall
The Charles Fuller Baker Memorial Hall, also known as Baker Memorial Hall or simply Baker Hall, is one of the oldest buildings on the campus of University of the Philippines Los Baños and the oldest building of the College of Arts and Sciences. Built from 1927 to 1938, it is named after Charles Fuller Baker, the second and longest-serving dean, University of the Philippines Los Baños College of Agriculture.

It was part of the Los Baños Internment Camp for American and allied POWs and civilians during the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines during World War II.

It formerly served as the university gymnasium and home of the Department of Human Kinetics before the department was transferred to the Edwin Bingham Copeland Gymnasium.

Edwin Copeland
Edwin Bingham Copeland (September 30, 1873 – March 16, 1964) was an American botanist and agriculturist.  He is known for founding the University of the Philippines College of Agriculture at Los Baños, Laguna and for being one of the America's leading pteridologists (one who studies ferns).
Gorenji Log
Gorenji Log (pronounced [ɡɔˈɾeːnji ˈloːk]) is a small settlement on the left bank of the Soča River southwest of Most na Soči in the Municipality of Tolmin in the Littoral region of Slovenia. The Bohinj Railway line runs through the settlement.

Most na Soči
Most na Soči (pronounced [ˈmoːst na ˈsoːtʃi]; formerly Sveta Lucija or Sveta Lucija na Mostu, German: Sankt Luzia) is a town in the Municipality of Tolmin in the Littoral region of Slovenia. It is located on a rocky crest above the confluence of Soča and Idrijca rivers. In the past these two riverbeds, deeply carved into the rocky slopes, provided the settlement with excellent protection from intruders. Due to the nearby Doblar hydro plant, the basins of the river were entirely inundated and below the settlement a vast reservoir was formed, which now attracts both fishermen and visitors, who can stroll along some well-kept panoramic paths.
Rokuban-chō Station
Rokuban-chō Station (六番町駅, Rokuban-chō-eki) is an underground metro station located in Atsuta-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan operated by the Nagoya Municipal Subway's Meikō Line. It is located 2.6 kilometers from the terminus of the Meikō Line at Kanayama Station.

Kanayama Station (Aichi)
Kanayama Station (金山駅, Kanayama-eki) is a railway station in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. The station is a concentrated terminal operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central), Nagoya Railroad (Meitetsu), and Nagoya Municipal Subway, and is the main access terminal to Chūbu Centrair International Airport.
History of Colorado
The region that is today the U.S. state of Colorado has been inhabited by Native Americans and their Paleo-Indian ancestors for at least 13,500 years and possibly more than 37,000 years. The eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains was a major migration route that was important to the spread of early peoples throughout the Americas. The Lindenmeier site in Larimer County contains artifacts dating from approximately 8720 BCE.

When explorers, early trappers, hunters, and gold miners visited and settled in Colorado, the state was populated by American Indian nations. Westward expansion brought European settlers to the area and Colorado's recorded history began with treaties and wars with Mexico and American Indian nations to gain territorial lands to support the transcontinental migration. In the early days of the Colorado gold rush, Colorado was a Territory of Kansas and Territory of Jefferson. On August 1, 1876, Colorado was admitted as a state, maintaining its territorial borders.

Columbine Mine massacre
The Columbine Mine massacre occurred in 1927, in the town of Serene, Colorado. In the midst of the 1927–1928 Colorado Coal Strike across the state, workers had been picketing one of the few remaining operating mines, in Serene. A fight broke out between Colorado state militia and a group of striking coal miners, during which the unarmed miners were attacked with firearms. The miners testified that machine guns were fired at them, which the state police disputed. Six strikers were killed, and dozens were injured.
Resistencia Ancestral Mapuche
Resistencia Ancestral Mapuche (transl. "Mapuche Ancestral Resistance", RAM) is an indigenous organization advocated to the creation of an autonomous Mapuche state in Araucanía, which is, they say, the revindication and recovery of former Mapuche lands. They are mostly renowned for their violent methods, often recurring to arson, poaching and armed attacks against Argentine National Gendarmerie. 
It operates in the Patagonia region of Argentina and Chile, seeking to secede territories of both countries to create an independent Wallmapuche country for the Mapuche nation. It is associated with the Coordinadora Arauco-Malleco, considered a terrorist organization by the Chilean government.

Chubut Province
Chubut (Spanish: Provincia del Chubut [tʃuˈβut] – from Tehuelche chupat 'transparent'; Welsh: Talaith Chubut [taˈlaɪθ ˈχɨbɨt]) is a province in southern Argentina, situated between the 42nd parallel south (the border with Río Negro Province), the 46th parallel south (bordering Santa Cruz Province), the Andes range to the west (bordering Chile), and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The province's name derives from the Tehuelche word chupat, meaning 'transparent', their description of the Chubut River.

The largest city is Comodoro Rivadavia in the south of the province; it had 199,369 inhabitants at the 2022 Census. The administrative capital is Rawson (27,157). Other important cities are Puerto Madryn (97,625), Trelew (104,657), Esquel (36,624) and Sarmiento (13,892). Gaiman (6,376) is a cultural and demographic centre of the region known as Y Wladfa in which Welsh-Argentines are concentrated.
Atlantic Geoscience Society
The Atlantic Geoscience Society (AGS; French: Société Géoscientifique de l'Atlantique), is a scientific association for earth scientists working or interested in the Atlantic provinces. The membership comprises professional geologists in industry and academia, students, and interested members of the public. The society is affiliated with the Geological Association of Canada, the Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, and the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, and is a member of the Canadian Federation of Earth Sciences.

The society publishes the geological journal Atlantic Geology.

Geological Association of Canada
The Geological Association of Canada (GAC) is a learned society that promotes and develops the geological sciences in Canada. The organization holds conferences, meetings and exhibitions for the discussion of geological problems and the exchange of views in matters related to geology. It publishes various journals and collections of learned papers dealing with geology.
Flume
A flume is a human-made channel for water, in the form of an open declined gravity chute whose walls are raised above the surrounding terrain, in contrast to a trench or ditch. Flumes are not to be confused with aqueducts, which are built to transport water; flumes use flowing water to transport materials. Flumes route water from a diversion dam or weir to a desired materiel collection location. Flumes are usually made up of wood, metal or concrete.

Many flumes took the form of wooden troughs elevated on trestles, often following the natural contours of the land. Originating as a part of a mill race, they were later used in the transportation of logs in the logging industry, known as a log flume. They were also extensively used in hydraulic mining and working placer deposits for gold, tin and other heavy minerals.

Ditch
A ditch is a small-to-moderate size trench created to channel water. A ditch can be used for drainage, to drain water from low-lying areas, alongside roadways or fields, or to channel water from a more distant source for plant irrigation. Ditches are commonly seen around farmland, especially in areas that have required drainage, such as The Fens in eastern England and much of the Netherlands.

Roadside ditches may provide a hazard to motorists and cyclists, whose vehicles may crash into them and get damaged, flipped over, or stuck and cause major injury, especially in poor weather conditions and rural areas.
Holmestrand Station (1881–2016)
Holmestrand Station (Norwegian: Holmestrand stasjon) was a railway station on the Vestfold Line located in the town of Holmestrand in Holmestrand Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway.

The station was opened in 1881 with the opening of the railway line. It is located 86.09 km (53.49 mi) from Oslo Central Station. The station is at an altitude of 4.8 meters (16 ft) above mean sea level. In October 2016 the station was closed to prepare the opening of the new Holmestrand Station.

Holmestrand Municipality
Holmestrandⓘ is a municipality in Vestfold, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Jarlsberg. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Holmestrand. Some of the notable villages in Holmestrand include Eidsfoss, Eikeberg, Gullhaug, Hof, Klever, Sande, Selvik, and Sundbyfoss.

The 432-square-kilometre (167 sq mi) municipality is the 228th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Holmestrand is the 45th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 26,872. The municipality's population density is 62.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (161/sq mi) and its population has increased by 19% over the previous 10-year period.
Saltibum season 1
Saltibum is the first season of the Brazilian version of Celebrity Splash!. The season premiered on April 5, 2014 and run for 9 weeks, ending on May 31, 2014 on Rede Globo.

Actor Rômulo Neto won the competition over actress Camilla Camargo by a difference of 1.0 point.

Saltibum
Saltibum is a Brazilian reality competition series broadcast on Rede Globo, based on the Celebrity Splash! format created by Dutch company Eyeworks.

The name Saltibum is a portmanteau of the words Salto (Jump in Portuguese) and Tibum (a Portuguese onomatopoeia for Splash).

The series premiered on April 5, 2014, airing as a one-hour segment during Caldeirão do Huck, hosted by Luciano Huck.

BASC supervisor and BOC member Eduardo Falcão and Olympic athlete Hugo Parisi were judges while Roberto Gonçalves, Andrea Boehme, Cassius Duran and Juliana Veloso mentored the competitors.

On May 22, 2014, Rede Globo renewed the show for a second season.
RivALZ (charity event)
RivALZ is a powderpuff football game played in cities across the United States. Proceeds from the event are donated to The Alzheimer's Association. Games have been held in more than 40 cities and have cumulatively raised more than $18 Million for the care, support and research efforts of the Association.

Powderpuff (sports)
In the United States and Canada, powderpuffs are football games (ice hockey games in Canada) which include flag football or touch football games between girls from senior classes or cross-town school rivals. If tickets are required to enter and concessions are offered, sales typically go to charity, the senior class, or to a dance. The games are an annual tradition at many high schools and universities. The term originates from the powder puff, the soft material used for the application of cosmetic face powder. The games usually occur before homecoming.
The Challenge: Battle of the Bloodlines
The Challenge: Battle of the Bloodlines (occasionally promoted as The Challenge: Bloodlines) is the 27th season of MTV's reality game show, The Challenge. Filming occurred in Bodrum, Turkey and Berlin, Germany during June and July 2015, with former cast members from The Real World, Road Rules, The Challenge, and Are You the One? competing both with and against their relatives (in a concept similar to Survivor: Blood vs. Water).

A launch special episode, "Meet the New Blood," premiered on November 9, 2015 on the MTV app and website. It later aired on the network on November 18, 2015 to 538,000 first-run viewers. The season premiered with a special 90 minutes episode on December 2, 2015 on the network and app, and concluded its run on February 17, 2016, with the Reunion and "The S... They Should've Shown" specials.

Real World/Road Rules Challenge: The Duel
Real World/Road Rules Challenge: The Duel is the 13th season of the MTV reality game show, The Challenge (at the time known as Real World/Road Rules Challenge). This is the first edition of The Duel series, with The Duel II following in 2009.

The Duel took place in Búzios, Brazil, with cast members from The Real World, Road Rules and Real World/Road Rules Challenge: Fresh Meat. The Duel was the first individual season, with no assigned teams. The winning male and female cast member would win $150,000 each. The season was watched by a total of 83 million viewers. The Duel premiered on October 12, 2006, and concluded on January 18, 2007.

On December 15, 2020, the season was made available to stream on Netflix in the United States.
Neualmbach
The Neualmbach, also called Neualpbach, is a river which lies in its entire course on the border between Bavaria, Germany and Tyrol, Austria, in the Ammergau Alps.

The Neualmbach is the right headwater of the Linder. The confluence with the other headstream, the Fischbach, is in the Ettaler Forst between Reutte and Oberammergau.

Ammergau Alps
The Ammergau Alps (German: Ammergauer Alpen or Ammergebirge) are a mountain range in the Northern Limestone Alps in the states of Bavaria (Germany) and Tyrol (Austria). They cover an area of about 30 x 30 km and begin at the outer edge of the Alps. The highest summit is the Daniel which has a height of  2,340 metres (7,680 ft).
2017 American Ethanol E15 250
The 2017 American Ethanol E15 250 presented by Enogen was the 14th stock car race of the 2017 NASCAR Xfinity Series season and the seventh iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, June 24, 2017, Newton, Iowa, at Iowa Speedway, a 0.875 miles (1.408 km) permanent oval-shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 250 laps to complete. At race's end, William Byron, driving for JR Motorsports, would win the race after leading 78 laps. It was Byron's first career win in the xfinity series. To fill out the podium, Ryan Sieg of RSS Racing and Tyler Reddick of Chip Ganassi Racing would finish second and third, respectively.

NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series at Iowa Speedway
Stock car racing events in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series have been held at the Iowa Speedway. The track held 2 races annually from 2011 to 2020, when the track was removed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The track returned to the schedule following the release of the 2024 NASCAR Xfinity Series schedule, supporting a Cup Series race on the same weekend.
Afida Turner
Afida Turner (born Hafidda Messaï; December 22, 1976) is a French media personality and singer. She has released two studio albums and several singles, singing both in French and in English. She has also appeared in small roles in multiple films and starred in the stage play Requiem for une conne (2022). She was married to musician Ronnie Turner from 2007 until his death in 2022.

Touche pas à mon poste !
Touche pas à mon poste! (TPMP), literally "Don't Touch My Television Set!", is a French live television talk show that ran from 2010 to 2025.  First broadcast on France 4, it moved to D8 (which became C8) from 2012 until the network lost its license. It was produced by H2O Productions. Hosted by Cyril Hanouna, the show was controversial, generating record sanctions of €7.6 million.