hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William L. Mauldin
William Lawrence Mauldin (June 13, 1845 – August 13, 1912) was a South Carolina politician and railroad executive. He was mayor of Greenville, a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives, a member of the South Carolina Senate, and Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina.  The University of North Carolina has a collection of his papers.

Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina
The lieutenant governor of South Carolina is the second-in-command to the governor of South Carolina. Beyond the responsibility to act or serve as governor in the event of the office's vacancy, the duties of the lieutenant governor are chiefly ceremonial. The current lieutenant governor is Pamela Evette, who took office January 9, 2019.
Neville D'Souza
Neville Steven Joseph D'Souza (3 August 1932 – 16 March 1980) was an Indian footballer who played as a striker. During the "golden era of Indian football" under legendary coach Syed Abdul Rahim, he was recognised one of the finest strikers of the Indian national team and having a good eye for goal. He appeared in the 1956 Summer Olympics, and finished the campaign as joint top scorer of the tournament with four goals, inducing a hat-trick in the quarterfinals against hosts Australia.

D'Souza was also a field hockey player, having represented various teams in both domestic and international tournaments.

Mumbai Football Association
Mumbai Football Association (MFA), formerly known as Mumbai District Football Association (MDFA), is an organisation that governs the football in and around the Indian city of Mumbai. It is a member of the Western India Football Association, which is affiliated to the All India Football Federation (AIFF).
Flag of the Czech Republic
The national flag of the Czech Republic is the same as the flag of the former Czechoslovakia. Upon the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in December 1992, the Czech Republic kept the Czechoslovak flag while Slovakia adopted its own flag. The first flag of Czechoslovakia was based on the flag of Bohemia and was white over red. This was almost identical to the flag of Poland (only the proportion was different) officially adopted in 1919, so a blue triangle was added at the hoist in 1920. The flag was banned by the Nazis in 1939 as they established a government nominally in control of Bohemia and Moravia, and a horizontal tricolour of white, red, and blue was used for the duration of the war. The 1920–1939 flag was restored in 1945. The flag was one of the only three flags of a socialist country in Europe without its coat of arms placed on center, when it was still part of Czechoslovakia at that time.

Flag of the Philippines
The national flag of the Philippines (Filipino: Pambansang Watawat ng Pilipinas), also known as Three Stars and a Sun (Filipino: Tatlong Bituin at Isang Araw), is a horizontal bicolor flag with equal bands of royal blue and crimson red, with a white, equilateral triangle at the hoist. In the center of the triangle is a golden-yellow sun with eight primary rays, to represent the original eight provinces that rebelled against the Spanish during the 1896 Philippine Revolution. At each vertex of the triangle is a five-pointed, golden-yellow star, each of which representing one of the country's three main island groups—Luzon, Visayas (though originally referring to the island of Panay), and Mindanao. The white triangle at the hoist represents liberty, equality, and fraternity. A unique feature of this flag is its usage to indicate a state of war if it is displayed with the red side on top, which is effectively achieved by flipping the flag upside-down.
1978 Spanish Grand Prix
The 1978 Spanish Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 4 June 1978 at Jarama. It was the seventh race of the 1978 World Championship of F1 Drivers and the 1978 International Cup for F1 Constructors. The 75-lap race was won from pole position by Mario Andretti, driving a Lotus-Ford, with teammate Ronnie Peterson second and Jacques Laffite third in a Ligier-Matra.

Circuito del Jarama
The Circuito de Madrid Jarama - RACE, formerly known as Circuito del Jarama and Circuito Permanente del Jarama is a motorsport racetrack located in San Sebastián de los Reyes, 32 km (20 mi) north of Madrid. It was home to the Spanish Grand Prix nine times between 1968 and 1981, and the Spanish motorcycle Grand Prix 15 times between 1969 and 1988.

Designed by John Hugenholtz (who also created Suzuka), the 3.850 km (2.392 mi) circuit was built by Alessandro Rocci in 1967 on arid scrub land.
Forming Kaos
Forming Kaos (FK) is a criminal street gang based in Costa Mesa, a city located in Orange County, California. The gang is known by several aliases, including Forming Kaos 13, Varrio Forming Kaos x3, Forming Kaos Rifa, 4MK, Kaos Gang, and Formando Desmadre. The name Kaos is a stylized spelling of the word "chaos", and is pronounced accordingly, reflecting the group's intended meaning behind the name. Composed primarily of Mexican-American members, FK is affiliated with the Sureños and has documented ties to the Mexican Mafia (La Eme).

Costa Mesa, California
Costa Mesa (/ˌkoʊstə ˈmeɪsə/ KOH-stə MAY-sə; Spanish for 'Mesa Coast') is a city in Orange County, California, United States. Since its incorporation in 1953, the city has grown from a semi-rural farming community of 16,840 to an urban area including part of the South Coast Plaza–John Wayne Airport edge city, one of the region's largest commercial clusters, with an economy based on retail, commerce, and light manufacturing. The population was 111,918 at the 2020 census.
Leon Narwicz
Leon Narwicz (Russian: Леон Нарвич, Лев Нарвич), also Leon Narvich, León Druan (1911–1938) was a radical left-wing political militant and revolutionary of mixed Polish, Jewish and Russian background. He was related to the Communist movement in Russia, Poland, Belgium and France. He took part in the Spanish Civil War as member of the International Brigades, serving in French or/and Polish units as a political commissar. He was acting as agent of the Soviet intelligence NKVD and the Republican military counter-intelligence Servicio de Información Militar. His primary task was penetration into and subversion of POUM groups in Catalonia; Narwicz was possibly related to detention of Andreu Nin. He was shot by a Trotskyist hit squad in Barcelona. He is known mostly in relation to internal conflicts within the Republican coalition during the war, and especially in relation to Soviet Communist attempt to dominate other political currents.

XIII International Brigade
The 13th International Brigade – often known as the XIII Dąbrowski Brigade – fought for the Spanish Second Republic during the Spanish Civil War, in the International Brigades. The brigade was dissolved and then reformed on four occasions.
2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 5 – Women's allround combination
The women's allround combination of the 2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 5, arranged in the Sørmarka Arena in Stavanger, Norway, was contested on 29–31 January 2016. It was the only allround combination competition of the 2015–16 World Cup.

The contest included each skater's time from the 1500 metres and 3000 metres competitions that were raced during the weekend. Martina Sáblíková of the Czech Republic had the best combined result, while Dutch skaters Ireen Wüst and Linda de Vries came in second and third place.

2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 5 – Women's 3000 metres
The women's 3000 metres race of the 2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 5, arranged in the Sørmarka Arena in Stavanger, Norway, was held on 31 January 2016.

Martina Sáblíková of the Czech Republic won the race, while Ireen Wüst and Irene Schouten, both of the Netherlands, came second came second and third. Linda de Vries of the Netherlands won the Division B race.
2025–26 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup
The 2025–26 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup, organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS), will be the 43rd World Cup season for men and the 6th season for women as the highest level of international nordic combined competitions.

The men's season will start on 28 November 2025 in Ruka, Finland and will conclude on 15 March 2026 in Oslo–Holmenkollen, Norway. The women's season will start on 5 December 2025 in Trondheim, Norway and will conclude on 15 March 2026 in Oslo–Holmenkollen, Norway.

A major highlight of the season for men will be the 2026 Winter Olympics, held in Milan–Cortina, Italy, from 11 to 19 February, with the nordic combined events taking place in Val di Fiemme. The results from these competitions will not be included in the World Cup standings.

Vinzenz Geiger (men's) and Nathalie Armbruster (women's), both from Germany, were the reigning champions from the previous season.

2024–25 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup
The 2024–25 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup, organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS), was the 42nd World Cup season for men and the 5th season for women as the highest level of international nordic combined competitions.

The men's season started on 29 November 2024 in Ruka, Finland and concluded on 22 March 2025 in Lahti, Finland. The women's season started on 6 December 2024 in Lillehammer, Norway and concluded on 16 March 2025 in Oslo, Norway.

The season took a break in February and March due to the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2025 in Trondheim, Norway.

Jarl Magnus Riiber (men's) and Ida Marie Hagen (women's), both from Norway, were the reigning champions from the previous season. However, they failed to defend their titles, both finishing second overall in the World Cup standings. Riiber also ended his career during the competition in Oslo.

The new World Cup winners for the season were Germany’s Vinzenz Geiger and Nathalie Armbruster.
Forest Cemetery Entrance
The Forest Cemetery Entrance is a historic structure located in Oskaloosa, Iowa, United States.  It was designed by Frank E. Wetherell and built in 1915.  While he was known for his buildings, he was also involved with civic improvement projects in Des Moines that included the beautification of the banks along the Des Moines River.  This included a series of walls and walkways, and planning new thoroughfares to ease traffic congestion.  The two pillars are composed of rusticated grey Barre Granite.  They have the name of the cemetery, "Forest," carved on them.  Walls extend from the pillars and include openings for sidewalks.  They end at iron fences.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Oskaloosa, Iowa
Oskaloosa is a city in, and the county seat of, Mahaska County, Iowa. The population was 11,558 in the 2020 U.S. census. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, Oskaloosa was a national center of bituminous coal mining. Today, Oskaloosa is home to William Penn University, a private university, and Lake Keomah State Park which is located four miles east of the city.
Cocaine (drink)
Cocaine Energy Supplement, also known as "Cocaine Energy Drink", is a highly caffeinated energy drink distributed by Hype Beverages. It contains more caffeine than rival energy drinks Red Bull and Rockstar, symbolized by three and a half steer heads on the label. Aside from caffeine, the label claims 750 milligrams of taurine, another common ingredient found in many energy drinks.

Rockstar Energy
Rockstar Energy (stylized as ROCKST★R or ЯR) is a brand of energy drinks created in 2001. It had a 10% market share of the global energy drink market in 2020, the third-highest after Red Bull and Monster Energy. In 2020, the Rockstar brand and company were purchased by PepsiCo; in 2025, Celsius Holdings acquired the brand in the US and Canada. Rockstar is based in Los Angeles, California.
Bảo Lâm district, Lâm Đồng province
Bảo Lâm is a district (huyện) of Lâm Đồng province in the Central Highlands region of Vietnam.

As of 2003 the district had a population of 107,279. The district covers an area of 1,457 km². The district capital lies at Lộc Thắng.

It was formed after being split out of Bảo Lộc. Apart from the district seat there are 13 communes in the district: Lộc Quảng, Lộc Ngãi, Lộc Đức, Lộc T'Lâm, Lộc Phú, Lộc Bắc, Lộc Bảo, Lộc An, Lộc Tân, Lộc Thành, Lộc Nam, B'Lá and Tân Lạc.

The main economic activity in the district is the planting of cash crops, the most prominent being tea, coffee and peppercorn as well as some forestry products.

Currently a government mining company is developing a bauxite mine in the area to produce aluminium. 11,000 billion VND (around 600 million USD) has been invested.

The majority of the people in the district are from various minority tribes: especially the Mạ people.

Bảo Lộc
Bảo Lộc (old name in Ma language: B’Lao) is a city of Lâm Đồng Province in the Central Highlands region of Vietnam. Bảo Lộc is famous for its registered trademark: B'lao tea. As of 2018 the city had a population of 170,920. The city covers an area of 229 km2. The central wards of the city are I, II and B'lao, which was the Bảo Lộc district capital town.
KAIQ
KAIQ (95.5 FM) is a radio station  broadcasting a Regional Mexican format. It is licensed to Wolfforth, Texas, United States, and serves the Lubbock area. The station is owned by Entravision Communications.

Entravision Communications
Entravision Communications Corporation is an American media company based in Santa Monica, California. Entravision primarily caters to the Spanish-speaking Hispanic and Latino community and owns television and radio stations and outdoor media, in several of the top Hispanic and Latino markets. It is the largest affiliate group of the Univision and UniMás television networks. Entravision also owns a small number of English-language television and radio stations.
New England Girls' School
New England Girls' School (NEGS) is an independent Anglican school in Armidale, Northern NSW for both junior boys and girls and for Senior girls. It is a boarding school.

Established in 1895 by Florence Emily Green, NEGS is a non-selective school, and caters for approximately 310 students from pre-preparatory (4 years old) to Year 12 (18 years old), including 140 boarders from Years 5 to 12.

NEGS is affiliated with the Association of Independent Schools of New South Wales (AIS NSW), the Junior School Heads Association of Australia (JSHAA), the Australian Boarding Schools' Association (ABSA), the Alliance of Girls' Schools Australasia (AGSA), and is an affiliate member of the Association of Heads of Independent Girls' Schools (AHIGS). NEGS Limited in its capacity as Trustee administers the school on behalf of the Anglican Diocese of Armidale.

Independent Primary School Heads of Australia
The Independent Primary School Heads of Australia (IPSHA) formerly Junior School Heads Association of Australia (JSHAA), is an incorporated body representing the heads of independent primary schools in Australia. 
Officially established in September 1952, the Association is broken into state branches, with six offices across Australia. The organisation currently has a membership of nearly 380 Full Members, 60 Associate and Life Members and 23 Overseas Members. Combined, the member schools employ around 6,000 people, and are responsible for educating about 100,000 primary aged children.
Duško Pijetlović
Duško Pijetlović (Serbian Cyrillic: Душко Пијетловић; born 25 April 1985) is a Serbian water polo center forward for VK Novi Beograd. He was a member of the Serbia men's national water polo teams that won Olympic gold medals in 2016 and 2020, and bronze medals at the 2008 and 2012 Olympics. He held the world title in 2009 and 2015 and the European title in 2006, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018. Pijetlović won three consecutive Euroleague titles with three teams: in 2011 with Partizan in 2012 with Pro Recco and in 2013 with Crvena Zvezda.

2011–12 LEN Champions League
The 2011–12 LEN Champions League is the 49th edition of the Europe men's premier water polo competition. This also would become the first season with the new name of the LEN Champions League with the former name being called the Euroleague which had been the name of the competition since 2003.

29 teams competed in the edition with three quarters of those playing in qualifying as they joined the eight teams in the group stage. From there, the top two teams of each group qualified to the knockout stage with the final four round being played in Oradea. In the final, Pro Recco from Italy took out their seventh title defeating Croatian club, VK Primorje 11–8. Third place was fellow Croatian club HAVK Mladost who defeated Vasas SC from Hungary in the bronze medal playoff.
Leo Cullen (rugby union)
Leo Francis Matthew Cullen (born 9 January 1978) is an Irish rugby coach and former professional rugby union player. He played at lock for Leinster Rugby and Ireland. He was appointed coach of Leinster rugby on 19 August 2015.

Anglo-Welsh Cup
The Anglo-Welsh Cup (Welsh: Cwpan Eingl-Gymreig), was a cross-border rugby union knock-out cup competition that featured the 12 Premiership Rugby clubs and the four Welsh regions. It was a created as a replacement for the RFU Knockout Cup, which featured only English clubs.

The competition was replaced by the Premiership Rugby Cup, involving only the 12 English Premiership clubs, beginning with the 2018–19 season.
Aspergillus laciniosus
Aspergillus laciniosus (also named Neosartorya laciniosa) is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Fumigati section. The species was first described in 2006. It has been reported to produce aszonalenins, tryptoquivaline, and tryptoquivalone.

Aspergillus
Aspergillus (/ˌæspərˈdʒɪləs/) is a genus consisting of several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide.

Aspergillus was first catalogued in 1729 by the Italian priest and biologist Pier Antonio Micheli. Viewing the fungi under a microscope, Micheli was reminded of the shape of an aspergillum (holy water sprinkler), from Latin spargere (to sprinkle), and named the genus accordingly. Aspergillum is an asexual spore-forming structure common to all Aspergillus species; around one-third of species are also known to have a sexual stage. While some species of Aspergillus are known to cause fungal infections, others are of commercial importance.
Postage stamps and postal history of Sierra Leone
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Sierra Leone.

Sierra Leone is a country in West Africa bordered by Guinea to the north and east, Liberia to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and southwest. It has a population estimated at 6.5 million and is a former British Colony.

West Africa Study Circle
The West Africa Study Circle (WASC) is the "international specialist society for the study of stamps, postal stationery and postal history of West Africa."

The principal areas covered by the society are the philately of:

Ascension Island

Cameroon/Cameroun

The Gambia

Gold Coast/Ghana

The Nigerias: Lagos, Oil Rivers, Niger Coast, Northern Nigeria, Southern Nigeria, Nigeria and Biafra

St. Helena

Sierra Leone

Togo

Tristan da Cunha/Gough Island

British Postal Agencies on Madeira, Tenerife, St Vincent (Cape Verde Islands) and Fernando Po.

Themes covered include:

Airmails

Censorship

Maritime mail

Military campaigns

Postal cancellations and postmarks

Postal services

Stamps

within or with connections to West Africa.

WASC is affiliated to the Association of British Philatelic Societies (ABPS) and the American Philatelic Society (APS).
Elisabeth Wendling
Elisabeth ("Lisl") Augusta Wendling, (née Sarselli; 20 February 1746 (baptised) – 10 January 1786) was a German soprano, for whom Mozart wrote the role of Electra in his opera Idomeneo, re di Creta.

Wendling was born in Mannheim. There were four musicians in the original Idomeneo from the Wendling family. She usually sang with her sister-in-law Dorothea Wendling, after her début in 1762 in Sofonisba by Tommaso Traetta. Later, she occasionally sang as the prima donna, most famously as Anna in Günther von Schwarzburg (1777) by Ignaz Holzbauer.

In a letter, Mozart says he has been introduced to her by Cannabich and that she was very good-looking, and a good musician. Wendling had been greatly praised by Mozart's father and thus was chosen for the role of Electra.

In 1785 she was engaged to sing in Alessio Prati's Armida abbandonata, but fell ill and had to hand the role to her niece "Gustl" Wendling; she never sang in public again. She died in Munich.

Christian Cannabich
Johann Christian Innocenz Bonaventura Cannabich (baptised 28 December 1731 – 20 January 1798), was a German violinist, composer, and Kapellmeister of the Classical era. A composer of some 200 works, he continued the legacy of Johann Stamitz and helped turn the Mannheim orchestra into what Charles Burney described as "the most complete and best disciplined in Europe.". The orchestra was particularly noted for the carefully graduated crescendos and diminuendos characteristic of the Mannheim school. Together with Stamitz and the other composers of the Mannheim court, he helped develop the orchestral texture that paved the way for the orchestral treatment of the First Viennese School.
Plagiocheilus
Plagiocheilus is a genus of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is now classified in tribe Astereae, but used to be placed with the Anthemideae.

Species

Plagiocheilus bogotensis (Kunth) Wedd.  - Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

Plagiocheilus ciliaris Wedd. - Bolivia

Plagiocheilus frigidus Poepp. & Endl. - Ecuador, Peru

Plagiocheilus herzogii Beauverd ex Herzog - Bolivia

Plagiocheilus peduncularis (Kunth) Wedd. - Ecuador

Plagiocheilus soliviformis DC. - Bolivia

Plagiocheilus tanacetoides Haenke ex DC. - Paraguay, Argentina

formerly included

see Chrysanthellum

Plagiocheilus erectus Rusby - Chrysanthellum indicum DC.

Plagiocheilus peduncularis
Plagiocheilus peduncularis is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
WIOA
WIOA (99.9 FM), branded on-air as Máxima 99.9 FM, is a radio station broadcasting a bilingual Top 40/CHR format. Licensed to San Juan, Puerto Rico, it serves the Puerto Rico area. The station is currently owned by International Broadcasting Corporation.

WIOA is simulcast on WIOC 105.1 FM in southern Puerto Rico, including Ponce, and 106.9 FM for western Puerto Rico.
On October 14, 2014, Estereotempo moved frequencies from 99.9 FM to 96.5 FM, while Fresh 99.9 FM began broadcasting on October 15, 2014, with better coverage in the metropolitan area. Fresh offered a wide variety of American CHR Music. On February 3, 2025, after ten years as Fresh, the station relaunched as Máxima 99.9 FM maintaining its Top 40/CHR format. Máxima is broadcasting on 99.9 FM Metro, 105.1 FM South & 92.1 FM West covering the entire market.

WQBS (AM)
WQBS (870 kHz), branded on-air as QBS 870 AM, is an AM radio station broadcasting a Talk/Personality/Salsa format. Licensed to San Juan, Puerto Rico, it serves the Puerto Rico area.  The station is currently owned by Aerco Broadcasting Corporation.

WQBS's audio signal was broadcast on WSJU-TV channel 31.4 in San Juan, branded as WQBS TV. WQBS TV is the first over-the-air television channel that broadcasts programming from a radio station. WQBS Radio & WQBS TV broadcasts from studios in the IBC-AERCO Building in Rio Piedras. The channel ceased operations on September 5, 2018.

On June 20, 2024, Aerco Broadcasting Corporation announced a sale of WQBS to SMD Media Group, a new conglomerate that unite three radio networks converting into a multimedia content hub across the globe.