hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Agnes Waters
Agnes Waters (born Agnes Murphy Mulligan on July 1, 1893; died May 9, 1962) was a real estate person and member of the Mothers' movement who has been called "the most inflammatory lecturer on the Mothers' circuit in the 1930s and 1940s." Although she had initially deemed herself "liberal", and worked with National Woman's Party for women's suffrage, she is better known for her later strongly antisemitic and white nationalist positions. She embraced the antisemitic forgery The Protocols of the Elders of Zion and claimed mainline Christianity was "controlled by Jews and blacks." She also stated a hostility to what she termed "the invasion of the Asiatic races" and felt the Chinese should stay in China. She ran for President in 1948.

The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is an antisemitic hoax and forgery purporting to detail a Jewish plot for global domination. Largely plagiarized from several earlier sources, it was first published in Imperial Russia in 1903, translated into multiple languages, and disseminated internationally in the early part of the 20th century. It played a key part in popularizing belief in an international Jewish conspiracy.

The text was exposed as a work of black propaganda by the British newspaper The Times in 1921 and by the German newspaper Frankfurter Zeitung in 1924. Beginning in 1933, distillations of the work were assigned by some German teachers, as if they were factual, to be read by German schoolchildren throughout Nazi Germany. It remains widely available in numerous languages, in print and on the Internet, and continues to be presented by antisemitic groups as a genuine document. It has been described as "probably the most influential work of antisemitism ever written".
2014–15 Helmond Sport season
The 2014–15 season was Helmond Sport's 48th season in existence and 45th (31st consecutive) in the Eerste Divisie. Helmond Sport finished Eerste Divisie as 17th.

The club competed also in the KNVB Cup. Helmond Sport lost 4–3 against MVV Maastricht after extra time in the 2nd round of KNVB Cup and they eliminated from the cup.

Stanley Elbers was the top scorer of the club in this season with 13 goals in Eerste Divisie.

Wouter van der Steen was the most appeared player in the season with 36 appearances, all in the Eerste Divisie.

2014–15 Eerste Divisie
The 2014–15 Eerste Divisie, known as Jupiler League for sponsorship reasons, was the fifty-ninth season of Eerste Divisie since its establishment in 1955. It began in August 2014 with the first matches of the season and will end in May 2015 with the returns of the finals of the promotion/relegation play-offs, involving also the 16th- and 17th-placed teams from the 2014–15 Eredivisie.
Palazzo Brentani
The Palazzo Brentani is a monumental Neoclassical palace, located on Via Manzoni #6, in the centre of Milan, region of Lombardy, Italy. Both this palace and the adjacent Palazzo Anguissola Antona Traversi have sober academic facades, designed by Luigi Canonica in 1829.

Antonio Canova
Antonio Canova (Italian pronunciation: [anˈtɔːnjo kaˈnɔːva]; 1 November 1757 – 13 October 1822) was an Italian Neoclassical sculptor, famous for his marble sculptures. Often regarded as the greatest of the Neoclassical artists, his sculpture was inspired by the Baroque and the classical revival, and has been characterised as having avoided the melodramatics of the former, and the cold artificiality of the latter.
Kollwesshöh
The Kollwesshöh is, at 181.4 m above sea level (NN), the highest hill in the Stemweder Berg, the smallest and northernmost range of the Central Uplands in Germany, and also the highest point in the North German Plain north of the Bückeberge.
It is located in the district of Minden-Lübbecke in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. To the west-northwest is its neighbour, the Scharfer Berg, which is almost as high.

Stemweder Berg
The Stemweder Berg (also known as the Stemmer Berge) is a ridge 181.4 metres (595 ft) above sea level on the border of North Rhine-Westphalia and  Lower Saxony in Germany. It is the northernmost and smallest of Germany's Central Uplands ranges.

Like the adjacent municipality of Stemwede, the ridge gets its name from the medieval Free County (Freigrafschaft) of  Stemwede.
Toby Fricker
Toby Fricker (born 20 July 1995) is a rugby union player, who plays as a winger for Bristol Bears in the Rugby Premiership. He has previously played for the Dragons, the Ospreys, and the New England Free Jacks.

Major League Rugby
Major League Rugby (MLR) is a professional rugby union competition in the United States. The league comprises 6 teams. While operating outside of the governance and oversight of the national governing body, the league is officially sanctioned by USA Rugby—a member union of Rugby Americas North (RAN)—and is consequently part of World Rugby.

MLR was founded in 2017 and is headquartered in Dallas, Texas. The league began its first season in 2018 with seven teams. MLR has since expanded, reaching an all-time high of thirteen teams in the 2022 season, including one team in Canada. Twelve teams competed in the 2024 season.

In 2020, Major League Rugby implemented its first collegiate MLR Draft in 2020 and its teams began forming youth academies.
Albert Gnaegi Center for Health Care Ethics
The Albert Gnaegi Center for Health Care Ethics is an independent health sciences academic unit of Saint Louis University. The center has a high academic output and offers Doctorate of Philosophy programmes in Health Care Ethics and clinical bioethics. The current director is Jason Eberl, PhD. Prior to Dr. Eberl the center was led by Jeffrey Bishop, who joined the Center in July 2010 from Vanderbilt University and was previously at the Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry in the United Kingdom and the University of Texas. He is the author of The Anticipitory Corpse: Medicine, Power, and the Care of the Dying and sits on the editorial board of The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy and The Journal of Christian Bioethics, both Oxford Journals.

Bioethics
Bioethics is both a field of study and professional practice, interested in ethical issues related to health (primarily focused on the human, but also increasingly includes animal ethics), including those emerging from advances in biology, medicine, and technologies. It proposes the discussion about moral discernment in society (what decisions are "good" or "bad" and why) and it is often related to medical policy and practice, but also to broader questions as environment, well-being and public health. Bioethics is concerned with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships among life sciences, biotechnology, medicine, politics, law, theology and philosophy. It includes the study of values relating to primary care, other branches of medicine ("the ethics of the ordinary"), ethical education in science, animal, and environmental ethics, and public health.
North American O-47
The North American O-47 is an American observation fixed-wing aircraft monoplane designed in the mid-1930s and used by the United States Army Air Corps during the World War II. It has a low-wing configuration, retractable landing gear, and a three-blade propeller.

Wright R-1820 Cyclone
The Wright R-1820 Cyclone 9 is an American radial engine developed by Curtiss-Wright, widely used on aircraft in the 1930s through 1950s.  It was produced under license in France as the Hispano-Suiza 9V or Hispano-Wright 9V, and in the Soviet Union as the Shvetsov M-25.
Drosera nana
Drosera nana is a species of sundew endemic to the north of Western Australia and the Northern Territory. It was first described by Allen Lowrie in his 2014 Carnivorous Plants of Australia Magnum Opus. Like other members of Drosera sect. Arachnopus it is an annual therophyte.

The specific epithet nana is from Latin nanus meaning 'dwarf', referring to the small size at maturity of this species compared to others in sect. Arachnopus.

Drosera
Drosera, which is  commonly known as the sundews, is one of the largest genera of carnivorous plants, with at least 194 species. These members of the family Droseraceae lure, capture, and digest insects using stalked mucilaginous glands covering their leaf surfaces. The insects are used to supplement the poor mineral nutrition of the soil in which the plants grow. Various species, which vary greatly in size and form, are native to every continent except Antarctica.

Charles Darwin performed much of the early research into Drosera, engaging in a long series of experiments with Drosera rotundifolia, which were the first to confirm carnivory in plants.  In an 1860 letter, Darwin wrote, "...at the present moment, I care more about Drosera than the origin of all the species in the world".
Belgard District
The Belgard District (German: Landkreis Belgard, Kreis Belgard) is a former district in Eastern Pomerania that existed from 1818 to 1945. The Belgard District belonged, successively, to Prussia, the German Empire, the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich. The district seat was the town of Belgard on the bank of Persante. The area under this former district is now split between two powiats: Białogard and Świdwin Counties, both of which are under the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Świdwin County
Świdwin County (Polish: powiat świdwiński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Świdwin, which lies 89 kilometres (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The only other town in the county is Połczyn-Zdrój, lying 23 km (14 mi) east of Świdwin.

The county covers an area of 1,093.06 square kilometres (422.0 sq mi). As of 2012 its total population is 49,181.
Mushtaq Khan (economist)
Mushtaq Husain Khan (born 1961) is a British Bangladeshi economist and professor of economics at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London. His work focuses on the economics of poor countries; it includes notable contributions to the field of institutional economics and South Asian development. Khan also developed the concept of political settlement, which is a political economy framework that highlights how the distribution of organizational and political power among different classes or groups influences policies and institutions in different countries.

British Bangladeshis
British Bangladeshis (Bengali: বিলাতী বাংলাদেশী, romanized: Bilatī Bangladeshī) are citizens or residents of the United Kingdom whose ancestral roots are from Bangladesh. Bengali Muslims have prominently been migrating to the UK since World War II. Migration reached its peak during the 1970s, with most originating from the Sylhet Division. The largest concentration live in east London boroughs, such as Tower Hamlets. This large diaspora in London leads people in Sylhet to refer to British Bangladeshis as Londonis (Bengali: লন্ডনী).
Taifa of Jerez
The Taifa of Jerez (Arabic: طائفة شريش) was a medieval Islamic taifa Moorish kingdom in Jerez de la Frontera at Cadiz in what is now southern Spain. Established in 1146, it existed until it was conquered by the Almohad Caliphate.

Jerez remained under Muslim rule until 1261. Following the collapse of the Almohad Caliphate, it was ruled by Arabs of the Banu Khazraj tribe. It was conquered by the Christian forces of Alphonse X of Castile.

Siege of Jerez (1261)
The siege of Jerez by King Alfonso X of Castile took place in 1261 (in A.H. 659 [6 December 1260–25 November 1261], according to Ibn ʿIdhārī), presumably in the late spring or early summer. It resulted in the incorporation of Jerez de la Frontera into the Crown of Castile.
Environmental impact of the Gulf wars
The First Gulf War (1990) and the 2003 Iraq War, also known as the Second Gulf War, brought about significant environmental degradation that still impacts the area today. The Persian Gulf countries consist of: the UAE, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Kuwait. Iran and Kuwait faced the most environmental damage after the wars due to their central position in the conflict.

Many of the environmental issues faced in the Gulf can be traced  to the deployment of chemical agents. These chemicals have  impacted the health of both military and civilian individuals involved in the Persian Gulf.

This article presents the effects of the First and Second Gulf Wars on the environment as well as the health of those involved in the conflict.

Oil well fire
Oil well fires are oil or gas wells that have caught on fire and burn. They can be the result of accidents, arson, or natural events, such as lightning. They can exist on a small scale, such as an oil field spill catching fire, or on a huge scale, as in geyser-like jets of flames from ignited high pressure wells. A frequent cause of a well fire is a high-pressure blowout during drilling operations.
Wing 4 Takhli
Wing 4 (Thai: กองบิน 4; RTGS: Kong Bin 4) is a fighter wing within the Combat Group and a direct unit of the Royal Thai Air Force. It is based at Takhli AFB, Takhli District, Nakhon Sawan Province. The wing was established on 15 April 1936.

Diamond DA42 Twin Star
The Diamond DA42 Twin Star is a four seat, twin engine, propeller-driven airplane developed and manufactured in Austria and Canada by Diamond Aircraft Industries, an Austrian subsidiary of China-based Wanfeng Aviation. It was Diamond's first twin engine design, as well as the first new European twin-engine aircraft in its category to be developed in over 25 years. In 2004, the DA42 became the first diesel-powered fixed-wing aircraft to perform a non-stop crossing of the North Atlantic.

By 2012, the DA42 had become a key revenue generator for the company, having gained popularity with government and military operators in addition to the civil market that had suffered as a result of the Great Recession. Government customers have typically employed the type in the aerial surveillance role, which contributed towards the development of the Aeronautics Defense Dominator, a medium-altitude long-endurance (MALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which had been derived from the DA42.
Govindpur railway station
Govindpur Railway Station is a Passenger Halt (PH) railway station on Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai line under Chakradharpur railway division of South Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Subash Nagar, Khankripara, Jamshedpur in East Singhbhum  district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is only 7 km (4 mi) from Tatanagar Junction.

Chakradharpur railway division
Chakradharpur railway division is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of South Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 14 April 1952 and its headquarter is located at Chakradharpur in West Singhbhum district of the Indian state of Jharkhand.

Kharagpur railway division, Adra railway division and Ranchi railway division are the other three railway divisions under SER Zone, headquartered at Garden Reach, Kolkata.
James Cockburn (Lower Canada politician)
James Cockburn (ca 1763 – August 19, 1819) was a Canadian physician and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Gaspé in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1816 to 1819.

He was born in Chichester and practised medicine there before coming to Lower Canada. He was authorized to practise in Lower Canada in 1806. Cockburn was a surgeon and pharmacist in Quebec City. He established a hospital in the Lower Town there for sailors and victims of accidents on ships. He married his second wife, a Miss McKeige, in 1819. Cockburn died in office near Newfoundland while sailing to England aboard the William Pitt and was probably buried at sea.

Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada
The Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada was the lower house of the bicameral structure of provincial government in Lower Canada until 1838. The legislative assembly was created by the Constitutional Act of 1791. The lower house consisted of elected legislative councilors who created bills to be passed up to the Legislative Council of Lower Canada, whose members were appointed by the governor general.

Following the Lower Canada Rebellion, the lower house was dissolved on March 27, 1838, and Lower Canada was administered by an appointed Special Council. With the Act of Union in 1840, a new lower chamber, the Legislative Assembly of Canada, was created for both Upper and Lower Canada which existed  until 1867, when the Legislative Assembly of Quebec was created.
2022 Minor League Cricket final
The 2022 Minor League Cricket season final was a Twenty20 cricket match played on August 28, 2022, at Church Street Park, Morrisville between the Seattle Thunderbolts and the Atlanta Fire to determine the winner of the 2022 Minor League Cricket season of Minor League Cricket.

Minor League Cricket
Minor League Cricket (MiLC) is a professional Twenty20 cricket league in the United States that serves as the developmental league for Major League Cricket (MLC). The league comprises 26 teams, divided between the Atlantic Conference and the Pacific Conference. Beginning play in 2021, the Silicon Valley Strikers won the inaugural tournament. Due to financial issues and general public disinterest, the 2024 season was shortened to eight matches per side, taking place in the fall, and was won by the Chicago Kingsmen. The league’s title sponsor is YASH Technologies, having previously been Sunoco and Toyota.
Escarpment Track
The Escarpment Track is a 10-kilometre-long (6.2 mi) hiking track between Pukerua Bay and Paekākāriki in the northern part of the Wellington region of New Zealand.  It forms part of the 3,000-kilometre (1,900 mi) Te Araroa trail from Cape Reinga to Bluff. The track climbs to approximately 215 metres (705 ft) above sea level, along a narrow route formed along a steep coastal escarpment. It overlooks a section of State Highway 59 known as Centennial Highway, and the North–South Junction section of the Kāpiti Line and the North Island Main Trunk railway line.

Kāpiti Line
Metlink's Kāpiti Line is the electrified southern portion of the North Island Main Trunk railway between New Zealand's capital city, Wellington, and Waikanae on the Kāpiti Coast, operated by Transdev Wellington on behalf of Greater Wellington Regional Council. Trains run frequently every day, with stops at 16 stations. Until 20 February 2011 it was known as the Paraparaumu Line.
Sar Mazeh
Sar Mazeh (Persian: سرمازه, also Romanized as Sar Māzeh) is a village in Miankuh Rural District, Miankuh District, Ardal County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 401, in 82 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Miankuh Rural District (Ardal County)
Miankuh Rural District (Persian: دهستان ميانكوه) is in Miankuh District of Ardal County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Deh Kohneh-ye Halu Saad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Sar Khun, now a city.
Dubovskoye, Rostov Oblast
Dubovskoye (Russian: Дубовское) is a rural locality (a selo) in Dubovsky District of Rostov Oblast, Russia, located 300 kilometers (190 mi) from Rostov-on-Don. Population: 8,544 (2010 Census); 8,031 (2002 Census).. It is also the administrative center of Dubovsky District.

Dubovsky District
Dubovsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia.

Dubovsky District, Rostov Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Rostov Oblast

Dubovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Volgograd Oblast
Črnec, Ribnica
Črnec (pronounced [ˈtʃəɾnəts]; in older sources also Črnče, German: Tscherntsche) is a small settlement west of Sveti Gregor in the Municipality of Ribnica in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Sveti Gregor, Ribnica
Sveti Gregor (pronounced [ˈsʋeːti ˈɡɾɛːɡɔɾ]; German: Sankt Gregor) is a village in the hills north of Sodražica in southern Slovenia. It belongs to the Municipality of Ribnica. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
South Changjiang Road station
South Changjiang Road (simplified Chinese: 长江南路; traditional Chinese: 長江南路; pinyin: Chángjiāng Nán Lù) is a station on Shanghai Metro Line 3. It is part of the northern extension of that line from Jiangwan Town to North Jiangyang Road that opened on 18 December 2006. It later became an interchange station after the opening of Line 18 on 30 December 2021.

Jiangwan Town station
Jiangwan Town (simplified Chinese: 江湾镇; traditional Chinese: 江灣鎮; pinyin: Jiāngwān Zhèn) is a station on Shanghai Metro Line 3. It served as the northern terminus of Line 3 from its opening on 26 December 2000 until 18 December 2006, when the northern extension to North Jiangyang Road opened. Next to this station is a big supermarket with a lot of small clothes stores and some dinner locations. This station is used by people from a relatively large area, including many students living on Fudan University and Tongji University campuses before the opening of Line 10 and Line 18. Both of these are less than 20 minutes' walk away.
1844 United States presidential election in Michigan
A presidential election was held in Michigan on November 4, 1844 as part of the 1844 United States presidential election. Voters chose five representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.

Michigan voted for the Democratic candidate, James K. Polk, over Whig candidate Henry Clay and Liberty candidate James G. Birney. Polk won Michigan by a margin of 6.03%.

With 6.53% of the popular vote, Michigan would prove to be Jame G. Birney's fourth strongest state after New Hampshire, Massachusetts and Vermont.

1844 United States presidential election in Massachusetts
A presidential election was held in Massachusetts on November 11, 1844 as part of the 1844 United States presidential election. Voters chose 12 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Massachusetts voted for the Whig candidate, Henry Clay, over Democratic candidate James K. Polk and Liberty candidate James G. Birney. Clay won Massachusetts by a margin of 10.62%.

With 8.20% of the popular vote, Massachusetts would prove to be James G. Birney's second strongest state after neighboring New Hampshire.
Visa requirements for South African citizens
Visa requirements for South African citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the Republic of South Africa.

As of 2025, South African citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 102 countries and territories, ranking the South African passport 53rd in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.

Where visa-free access is permitted, such access is not necessarily a right, and admission is at the discretion of border enforcement officers. Visitors engaging in activities other than tourism, including unpaid work, may require a visa or work permit.

It does not provide for where certain people under the assumption remained British Subjects without Citizenship, then later became British Overseas Citizens or British Subjects in 1983, there are different requirements. See Visa requirements for British Overseas citizens or South African nationality law.

Visa requirements for British Overseas citizens
British Overseas citizenship is a form of British nationality under the British Nationality Act 1983. BOCs are British nationals but do not have the right of abode in the United Kingdom. This citizenship is normally for certain people who retained British nationality after independence (e.g. Kenya), but do not have enough ties with the United Kingdom to be British Citizens.

Visa requirements for other classes of British nationals such as British citizens, British Nationals (Overseas), British Overseas Territories Citizens, British Protected Persons or British Subjects are different.