hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wives of Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan had many wives and concubines. Wives and concubines were frequently acquired from conquered territory, and, in the case of Genghis Khan, sometimes whole empires, and the women enrolled as either his wives or concubines were often princesses or queens that were either taken captive or gifted to him.

Genghis Khan gave several of his high-status wives their own ordos or camps to live in and manage. Each camp also contained junior wives, concubines, and even children. It was the job of the Kheshig (Mongol imperial guard) to protect the yurts of Genghis Khan's wives. The guards had to pay particular attention to the individual yurt and camp in which Genghis Khan slept, which could change every night as he visited different wives. When Genghis Khan set out on his military conquests, he usually took one wife with him and left the rest of his wives (and concubines) to manage the empire in his absence.

Khulan Khatun
Khulan (Mongolian: ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠨ, Хулан; Chinese: 忽蘭; pinyin: Hūlán; c. 1164 – c. 1215) (also called Qulan) was an empress consort of Genghis Khan and head of the second Court of Genghis Khan. Her status in the Mongol Empire was second only to Grand Empress Börte.
Alsophylax emilia
Alsophylax emilia, commonly known as the Emilia’s even-fingered gecko, is a species of gecko in the family Gekkonidae, described in 2023 from northwestern Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan. It belongs to the genus Alsophylax, commonly referred to as even-fingered geckos. This species is part of a clade closely related to A. pipiens, A. laevis, and A. ferganensis, but differs from them by several distinctive morphological features. The species is known from a limited number of localities and is currently considered a narrow-range endemic of Uzbekistan.

Southern even-fingered gecko
The southern even-fingered gecko (Alsophylax laevis) is a ground and tree dwelling species of gecko found in Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Tajikistan and Afghanistan. This species of gecko lives in the desert and shrublands. The Gecko is part of a divergence from the Squamata order around 65 million years ago, and the species is part of the family Gekkonidae. Limited research has been done on the southern even-fingered gecko due to the fact that the species is critically endangered. The Gecko has only been captured once in recent years. In 2020 it was captured for the first time since 1963. Conservation efforts are being put in place to mitigate the harm caused to the habitat of the gecko.
India at the 1932 Summer Olympics
India competed at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The men's field hockey team won their second consecutive gold, which like the previous Olympic edition was India's solitary medal at the Games.

Lal Shah Bokhari
Lal Shah Bokhari (Urdu: لال شاہ بخاری; born 13 January 1906 – 22 July 1959) was a field hockey player who represented India. He was the captain of the 15-member Indian field hockey team in the 1932 Summer Olympics.
Tam cap
The tam is a millinery design for women based on the tam o' shanter military cap and the beret. Sometimes it is also known as a tam cap or the traditional term tam o'shanter might also be used. The tam became popular in the early 1920s, when it followed the prevailing trends for closer-fitting hats that suited shorter hairstyles and for borrowing from men's fashion; other traditional men's hats that rose to popularity in women's fashion during this period included the top hat and bowler.

Bowler hat
The bowler hat, also known as a Coke hat, billycock, bob hat, or derby (United States), is a hard felt hat with a rounded crown, originally created by the London hat-makers Thomas and William Bowler in 1849 and commissioned by Lock & Co. Hatters of St James's Street, London. It has traditionally been worn with semi-formal and informal attire.

The bowler, a protective and durable hat style, was popular with the British, Irish, and American working classes during the second half of the 19th century, and later with the middle and upper classes in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and the east coast of the United States. It became the quintessential attire of City of London gents in the early 1900s, a tradition that lasted until the 1970s.
San Quintín Municipality
San Quintín is a municipality in the Mexican state of Baja California. Its municipal seat is located in the city of San Quintín, Baja California. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 117,568 inhabitants. The municipality has an area of 32,883.93 km2 (12,696.55 sq mi).  There are a few National Parks and a World Heritage Site at Bahia de Los Angeles.

Vicente Guerrero, Baja California
Vicente Guerrero is a colonia located in the San Quintin Valley, Baja California, Mexico. An agricultural area, it is approximately 175 miles (282 km) south of the Tijuana/San Ysidro border checkpoint. Vicente Guerrero experiences a desert climate, and is close to the beach. There are ruins of old missions in the surrounding areas.
Middleton, New Zealand
Middleton is a predominantly industrial and wholesale suburb of Christchurch, New Zealand. It is located in the west of the city, between Wigram and Addington, and immediately to the south of Upper Riccarton.

Middleton's boundaries are typically defined by major roads. The western and southern boundaries are State Highways 73 and 76 respectively, with State Highway 75 continuing from the junction of the two at the southern tip of Middleton. Blenheim Road, a major Christchurch thoroughfare with multiple retail and commercial premises, forms much of the northern limit, while Matipo Street generally defines the eastern boundary, with Addington Raceway and Horncastle Arena just beyond in neighbouring Addington.

The suburb is also home to a large rail yard operated by KiwiRail, connecting Christchurch to both the South Island Main Trunk Railway and the Midland Line.

Upper Riccarton
Upper Riccarton is a suburb of Christchurch. It is due west of Riccarton.

Upper Riccarton is made up of residential, retail and education areas. It includes a major intersection known as "Church Corner" (the intersection of Riccarton, Main South and Yaldhurst Roads), as well as the Bush Inn Shopping Centre and multiple schools.

A local landmark is St Peter's Church. The original wooden church, consecrated in 1858, was built by Isaac Luck. The later stone church was built between 1876 and 1929, with Benjamin Mountfort the architect for the initial work, but Cecil Wood undertaken most of the architectural design. The old Māori name for Upper Riccarton is Rakipaoa.
Adarnase II of Klarjeti
Prince Adarnase II (Georgian: ადარნასე) (died 945) was a Georgian prince of the Bagrationi dynasty of Tao-Klarjeti branch.

He was the oldest son of Prince Bagrat I of Klarjeti.

Adarnase became a monk and changed his name to Basil. Adarnase received the title of curopalates from Emperor Leo VI the Wise.

Kouropalates
Kouropalatēs, Latinized as curopalates or curopalata (Greek: κουροπαλάτης, from Latin: cura palatii "[the one in] charge of the palace") and anglicized as curopalate, was a Byzantine court title, one of the highest from the time of Emperor Justinian I to the Komnenian period in the 12th century. The female variant, held by the spouses of the kouropalatai, was kouropalatissa.
Municipality of Sodražica
The Municipality of Sodražica (pronounced [ˈsoːdɾaʒitsa]; Slovene: Občina Sodražica) is a municipality in the Lower Carniola region of Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Sodražica. It is included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. It borders the municipalities of Ribnica, Velike Lašče, Bloke, and Loški Potok.

In Austro-Hungary, and also in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Sodražica was an independent municipality, until the creation of Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia. It became an independent municipality once again in 1998, when it separated from the Municipality of Ribnica.

Historically, the inhabitants made woodenware (Slovene: suha roba), especially sieve rims, buckets, spoons, rakes, and wicker baskets. The woodenware was sold to Ribnica peddlers (ribniški krošnjarji) who then travelled around the world, selling the woodenware.

Municipality of Velike Lašče
The Municipality of Velike Lašče (pronounced [ˈʋeːlikɛ ˈlaːʃtʃɛ]; Slovene: Občina Velike Lašče) is a municipality in Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Velike Lašče. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

The area is the birthplace of a number of notable Slovene writers: Primož Trubar, Josip Stritar, Fran Levstik, and Jože Javoršek.
Oregon Shakespeare Festival
The Oregon Shakespeare Festival (OSF) is a regional repertory theatre in Ashland, Oregon, United States, founded in 1935 by Angus L. Bowmer. The Festival now offers matinee and evening performances of a wide range of classic and contemporary plays not limited to Shakespeare. During the Festival, between five and eleven plays are offered in daily rotation six days a week in its three theatres. It welcomed its millionth visitor in 1971, its 10-millionth in 2001, and its 20-millionth visitor in 2015.

Green room
In show business, the green room is the space in a theatre, or a similar venue, that functions as a waiting room and lounge for performers before, during, and after a performance or show when they are not engaged on stage. Green rooms typically have seating for the performers, such as upholstered chairs and sofas.

The origin of the term is often ascribed to such rooms historically being painted green. Modern green rooms need not necessarily adhere to a specifically green colour scheme, though the theatrical tradition of the name remains.

Some English theatres contained several green rooms, each ranked according to the status, fame, and salary of the actor: one could be fined for using a green room above one's station.
Pattacheruvanda C. Thimayya
Lieutenant General Pattacheruvanda Chengappa Thimayya, PVSM, VSM, ADC is a former General Officer in the Indian Army. He was the 21st General Officer Commanding-in-Chief (GOC-in-C) Army Training Command. He assumed office on 1 November 2018 from Lt Gen Manoj Mukund Naravane.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
Speed skating at the 1924 Winter Olympics – Men's 1500 metres
The 1500 metres speed skating event was part of the speed skating at the 1924 Winter Olympics programme. The competition was held on Sunday, January 27, 1924. Twenty-seven speed skaters from ten nations were due to compete, but five athletes withdrew, so in the end twenty-two speed skaters from nine nations competed. The Finnish athlete Asser Wallenius fell and did not finish the race.

Speed skating at the 1924 Winter Olympics
At the 1924 Winter Olympics in Chamonix, five speed skating events were contested, all for men. The competitions were held on Saturday, January 26, 1924, and on Sunday, January 27, 1924. Charles Jewtraw won the first gold medal of the 1924 Winter Games, and Clas Thunberg and Roald Larsen each won medals in all five events, with Thunberg winning 3 gold.
Suvo Polje
Suvo Polje (Cyrillic: СуBо Поље), also known as Suvo Polje ( Cyrillic: Суво Поље) is a place located south-west of the city Bijeljina in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.  To the east of Suho Polje is Modran and to the north is Zagoni.

Bijeljina
Bijeljina (Serbian Cyrillic: Бијељина) is a city and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the provincial center of Semberija, a geographic region in the country's northeast. As of 2013, it has a population of 107,715 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the second largest in the Republika Srpska entity after Banja Luka.
Kostera
Kostera [kɔsˈtɛra] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gnojno, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-west of Gnojno, 11 km (7 mi) north-east of Busko-Zdrój, and 40 km (25 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Gnojno, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Gnojno [ˈɡnɔi̯nɔ] is a village in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Gnojno. It lies approximately 18 km (11 mi) north-east of Busko-Zdrój and 35 km (22 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.
Heddiw
Heddiw (English: Today) is a Welsh language television news and current affairs programme that was produced by BBC Cymru Wales between 17 April 1961 and 30 July 1982.

It was the first daily television programme in Welsh, covering at length Welsh, national and international news.

ITV Wales & West
ITV Wales and West, previously known as Harlech Television (HTV), was an ITV franchisee in the United Kingdom until 31 December 2013, licensed to broadcast by the regulator Ofcom.

There is no channel, past or present, named "ITV Wales and West". The licence relates to a "dual region", meaning that the franchise area was divided into two sub-regions, Wales and the West of England, each of which had to be served by distinct and separate ITV programme services, as more fully defined within the licence.

From January 2014, the dual-region licence was split in two, with ITV Cymru Wales for Wales and ITV West Country covering both the West of England sub-region and South West England. Both licences remain held by ITV plc through its subsidiary ITV Broadcasting Ltd, and the legal names of the former HTV companies have not yet been changed again, although the former holding company was however dissolved on 7 February 2023.
Mater Divinae Gratiae College
Mater Divinae Gratiae College is a private higher educational institution in the municipality of Dolores in Eastern Samar. It was elevated into a college in 1995, and offered bachelor's degree in education. It was then followed with program offerings in computer and secretarial education. It is the only tertiary institution in the town.

In a paper presented at the National Convention for Statistics in the Philippines, the school listed as among low-ranking in the licensure examination for elementary teachers.

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA [ˈtɛsda]; Filipino: Pangasiwaan sa Edukasyong Teknikal at Pagpapaunlad ng Kasanayan) serves as the technical vocational education and training (TVET) authority of the Philippines. As a government agency, TESDA's goals are to develop the Filipino workforce with "world-class competence and positive work values" and to manage, supervise, and provide quality technical-educational and skills development through its direction, policies, and programs.
2026 Tennessee Senate election
The 2026 Tennessee Senate election is scheduled to be held on November 3, 2026. Seventeen members of the thirty-three member Tennessee Senate, the upper chamber of Tennessee's state legislature, will be elected. The elections will coincide with the Governor, U.S. House, and State House elections. The primary elections will be held on August 6, 2026. Tennessee has open primaries, meaning that any voter can choose to vote on either a Republican or Democratic ballot during primary elections.

2026 Tennessee gubernatorial election
The 2026 Tennessee gubernatorial election is scheduled to take place on November 3, 2026, to elect the next Governor of Tennessee, alongside other state and local elections. The primary elections will take place on August 6, 2026. Incumbent Republican Governor Bill Lee is prohibited by the Constitution of Tennessee from seeking a third consecutive term. His second term expires on January 16, 2027.

Democrats have not won a statewide election in Tennessee since Phil Bredesen was re-elected governor in 2006.
Bibliography of the Russo-Japanese War
This is a select bibliography of post World War II English language books (including translations) and journal articles about the Russo-Japanese War, the period leading up to the war, and the immediate aftermath. It specifically excludes topics related to the Russian Revolution; see Bibliography of the Russian Revolution and Civil War for information on these subjects. Book entries may have references to reviews published in academic journals or major newspapers when these could be considered helpful.

Rotem Kowner
Rotem Kowner (Hebrew: רותם קובנר; born 11 July 1960) is an Israeli historian and psychologist specializing in the history of modern Japan, and a full professor in the Department of Asian Studies at the University of Haifa.
Diktyoma
Diktyoma, or ciliary body medulloepithelioma, or teratoneuroma, is a rare tumor arising from primitive medullary epithelium in the ciliary body of the eye. Almost all diktyomas arise in the ciliary body, although, rarely, they may arise from the optic nerve head or retina.

The name "diktyoma" comes from its characteristic findings on histology.

Dystrophic calcification
Dystrophic calcification (DC) is the calcification occurring in degenerated or necrotic tissue, as in hyalinized scars, degenerated foci in leiomyomas, and caseous nodules. This occurs as a reaction to tissue damage, including as a consequence of medical device implantation. Dystrophic calcification can occur even if the amount of calcium in the blood is not elevated, in contrast to metastatic calcification, which is a consequence of a systemic mineral imbalance, including hypercalcemia and/or hyperphosphatemia, that leads to calcium deposition in healthy tissues.  In dystrophic calcification, basophilic calcium salt deposits aggregate, first in the mitochondria, then progressively throughout the cell.  These calcifications are an indication of previous microscopic cell injury, occurring in areas of cell necrosis when activated phosphatases bind calcium ions to phospholipids in the membrane.
Paraná, Entre Ríos
Paraná (Spanish pronunciation: [paɾaˈna]) is the capital city of the Argentine province Entre Ríos, located on the eastern shore of the Paraná River, opposite the city of Santa Fe, capital of the neighbouring Santa Fe Province. The city has a population of 268,889 inhabitants within its urban area. Greater Paraná has a population of 312,713 inhabitants. (2022 census [INDEC]) Its original name was Bajada (landing).

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Adria Tour
The Adria Tour was an exhibition tennis tour held in June 2020 in Belgrade, Serbia and Zadar, Croatia. It was organized by the world No. 1 ranked player Novak Djokovic during the ATP Tour's shutdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The event fell under heavy criticism due to its lack of social distancing procedures, and allowing a full crowd, unlike the simultaneous Ultimate Tennis Showdown. A planned Montenegrin leg was cancelled due to COVID-19 concerns. During the Croatian leg, Grigor Dimitrov, one of the marquee players, announced that he had tested positive for the virus, leading to the event being abandoned. Borna Ćorić, Dimitrov's last opponent, tested positive the next day. Viktor Troicki and Djokovic himself tested positive over the next two days.

2020 ATP Tour
The 2020 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2020 tennis season. The 2020 ATP Tour calendar was composed of the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Finals, the ATP Masters 1000, the ATP Cup, the ATP 500 series, the ATP 250 series, and the Davis Cup (organised by the ITF). Also included in the 2020 calendar were the tennis events at the Next Generation ATP Finals, and the Laver Cup, neither of which distributed ranking points.
Year disrupted by COVID-19 pandemic, thus making the season pandemic-shortened. Several tournaments were suspended or postponed due to this, including the Summer Olympics in Tokyo. On 17 June 2020, ATP issued the revised calendar for Tour resumption.
Laha Mebow
Laha Mebow (Chinese: 陳潔瑤; pinyin: Chén Jiéyáo; born 5 December 1975) is a Taiwanese Atayal film director, screenwriter and television producer. She is notable for directing the films Hang in There, Kids! for which she won two awards at the Taipei Film Festival, and Gaga, winning multiple Golden Horse and Taipei Film Festival awards, including best director and best narrative feature. She is widely considered to be the first female Taiwanese indigenous film director and TV producer.

Yilan County, Taiwan
Yilan, alternately spelled I-lan, is a county in northeastern Taiwan. It has a population of 450,031, and its seat is located in Yilan City.

Before the Han Chinese Wu Sha led his company into large-scale reclamation in today's Yilan in 1787, the area was mainly inhabited by the indigenous Kavalan people. During the Japanese rule, much of the present day Yilan County was part of Japan within its Taihoku Prefecture. When the Republic of China took over Taiwan in 1945, it became part of Taipei County until 10 October 1950 when 12 southeastern townships of Taipei County split off to form the present day Yilan County.
Panthera balamoides
Panthera balamoides ("similar to jaguar") is a possibly dubious species described as an extinct species of the big cat genus Panthera that is known from a single fossil found in a Late Pleistocene (Rancholabrean NALMA, dated to 13,000 BP) age cenote in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. P. balamoides has only a single reported specimen, the distal end of a right humerus (upper arm bone), that is notably of exceptional size for a felid. It was unearthed in 2012 from an underwater cave and described in 2019 by an international group of paleontologists from Mexico and Germany led by Sarah R. Stinnesbeck. However, several authors have since proposed the humerus represents that of a bear, possibly the extinct Arctotherium, and not a cat.

Humerus
The humerus (/ˈhjuːmərəs/; pl.: humeri) is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna, and consists of three sections. The humeral upper extremity consists of a rounded head, a narrow neck, and two short processes (tubercles, sometimes called tuberosities). The shaft is cylindrical in its upper portion, and more prismatic below. The lower extremity consists of 2 epicondyles, 2 processes (trochlea and capitulum), and 3 fossae (radial fossa, coronoid fossa, and olecranon fossa). As well as its true anatomical neck, the constriction below the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus is referred to as its surgical neck due to its tendency to fracture, thus often becoming the focus of surgeons.