hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bobby Simpson (golfer)
Robert S. Simpson was a Scottish professional golfer who achieved success in winning two Western Opens in 1907 and 1911, as well as finishing fourth in the U.S. Open in 1904. Simpson was from Carnoustie, Scotland. He apprenticed under Robert Simpson, a Scottish golf club-maker and golf course architect, who was also from Carnoustie and part of a famous golf family of six brothers. The two Simpsons however were not related. Bobby Simpson did apprentice in Scotland as a club-maker under the other Robert Simpson prior to leaving for the United States to become a golf professional.

Stewart Gardner
Stewart Orr Gardner† (31 October 1878 – 12 April 1931) was a Scottish-American professional golfer who played in the late 19th and early 20th century. He had seven top-10 finishes in the U.S. Open. His best performance was a T2 finish in the 1902 U.S. Open. In 1924 he served as vice president at large of the PGA of America.
Centrum (arts organization)
Centrum, located in Fort Worden State Park near Port Townsend, Washington, in Jefferson County is a multidisciplinary nonprofit arts organization that presents workshops and performances in a wide variety of artistic disciplines.

Fort Worden
Fort Worden Historical State Park is located in Port Townsend, Washington, on 433 acres (175 hectares) originally known as Fort Worden, a United States Army Coast Artillery Corps base constructed to protect Puget Sound from invasion by sea. Fort Worden was named after U.S. Navy Rear Admiral John Lorimer Worden, commander of USS Monitor during the famous Battle of Hampton Roads during the American Civil War.

Constructed between 1898 and 1920, Fort Worden was one of the largest Endicott Period (1890-1910) forts to be built and a rare example of a post built according to the precepts of the Endicott Board on land not already occupied by an existing fortification. It was located within sight of a potential (if unlikely) enemy fortification, a British Royal Navy installation on Vancouver Island in Canada.  The fort was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1976.
Robot 17
Robot 17 (Robotsystem 17) is a Swedish anti-ship missile based on the American AGM-114C Hellfire, further developed by Bofors to work against sea targets and be transported and fired on land.

The system is used by Swedish Amphibious Corps (Amfibiekåren), which uses high-speed boats to transport it between land and islands, after which disembarked soldiers can then quickly position the system and make it ready to fire.  By creating a moving and unpredictable threat from anti-ship missiles along the Swedish coast, the Swedish Armed Forces intends to "make it more difficult for an opponent to enter ships in the Swedish archipelago or ports".

In June 2022, Sweden publicly stated their intent to assist Ukraine against Russia's invasion of Ukraine by sending a number of Robot 17. In October 2022, evidence appeared on social media suggesting that Ukrainian Ground Forces had started using the weapons in an ad-hoc land attack role.

AGM-114 Hellfire
The AGM-114 Hellfire is an American missile developed for anti-armor use, later developed for precision drone strikes against other target types, especially high-value targets. It was originally developed under the name "Heliborne laser, fire-and-forget missile", which led to the colloquial name "Hellfire" ultimately becoming the missile's formal name. It has a multi-mission, multi-target precision-strike ability and can be launched from multiple air, sea, and ground platforms, including the MQ-1 Predator and MQ-9 Reaper. The Hellfire missile is the primary 100-pound (45 kg) class air-to-ground precision weapon for the armed forces of the United States and many other countries. It has also been fielded on surface platforms in the surface-to-surface and surface-to-air roles.
Tula Oblast Duma
The Tula Oblast Duma (Russian: Тульская областная дума, romanized: Tul'skaya oblastnaya duma) is the regional parliament of Tula Oblast, a federal subject of Russia. A total of 36 deputies are elected for five-year terms.

Regional parliaments of Russia
The regional parliaments of Russia are the regional legislatures in the federal subjects of Russia (republics, krais, oblasts, autonomous oblasts and federal cities), which have different names but are often collectively referred to as regional parliaments.

The federal structure of Russia includes 85 regional parliaments. The largest regional parliament is the State Assembly of the Republic of Bashkortostan, which consists of 110 deputies, while the smallest one is the Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, which consists of 15 deputies. Currently, deputies in the regional parliaments are elected for five-year terms.
Grosmont Formation
The Grosmont Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Frasnian age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It takes the name from the hamlet of Grosmont, Alberta, and was first described in well Imperial Grosmont No. 1, in 13-17-67-23W4M, central Alberta by H.R. Belyea in 1952.

Winterburn Group
The Winterburn Group is a stratigraphic unit of Frasnian age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It takes the name from Winterburn area located west of Edmonton, and was first described in well P.A. Pyrcz No. 1 by Imperial Oil Limited in 1950.
External stowage platform
External stowage platforms (ESPs) are key components of the International Space Station (ISS). Each platform is made from steel and serves as an external pallet that can hold spare parts, also known as orbital replacement units (ORUs), for the space station. As a platform it is not pressurized, but does require electricity to power the heaters of some of the stored equipment. ORUs are attached to the ESP via Flight Releasable Attachment Mechanisms (FRAMs), matching witness plates that mate the ORU to the platform.

While ESP-1 is unique in shape, ESP-2 and ESP-3 were based on the deployable version of the Integrated Cargo Carriers (ICC), which were designed to transport unpressurized cargo inside the Space Shuttle's cargo bay. ESP-1 was transported to the International Space Station on STS-102, ESP-2 flew on mission STS-114 'Return to Flight' and ESP-3 on mission STS-118.

Unity (ISS module)
Unity, also known as Node 1, is the first U.S.-built component of the International Space Station (ISS). This cylindrical module, constructed of steel by Boeing for NASA, serves as the critical link between the orbiting laboratory's Russian Orbital Segment and US Orbital Segment.

Unity was launched on December 4, 1998, aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-88. Two days later it was berthed to the previously launched Zarya module, marking the first connection between ISS components. Its six Common Berthing Mechanism (CBM) locations (forward, aft, port, starboard, zenith, and nadir) facilitate connections to other modules. At launch, two CBM locations were fitted with Pressurized Mating Adapters (PMA), one of which enabled the mating with Zarya.

Measuring 4.57 metres (15.0 ft) in diameter and 5.47 metres (17.9 ft) in length, Unity was built at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center. It is the first of three connecting modules, joined by Harmony and Tranquility.
Gisenyi
Gisenyi, historically rendered as Kisenyi, is the second largest city in Rwanda, located in the Rubavu district in Rwanda's Western Province. Gisenyi is contiguous with Goma as it was formerly also part of now Democratic Republic of the Congo, the city across the border in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Western Province, Rwanda
Western Province (Kinyarwanda: Intara y'Iburengerazuba; French: Province de l'Ouest; Dutch: West-provincie) is one of Rwanda's five provinces. It was created in early January 2006 as part of a government decentralization program that re-organized the country's local government structures.

Western Province comprises the former provinces of Cyangugu, Gisenyi, Kibuye, and a small portion of Ruhengeri. It is divided into the districts of Karongi, Nyabihu, Rubavu, Rusizi, Ngororero, Nyamasheke, and Rutsiro. The capital city of Western Province is Kibuye.
River Leven (Tasmania)
The River Leven is a perennial river for most of its length, located in the north-western region of Tasmania, Australia. It was named by the Van Diemen's Land Company after the River Leven in Scotland.

Van Diemen's Land Company
The Van Diemen's Land Company (also known as Van Dieman Land Company) is a farming corporation in the Australian state of Tasmania. It was founded in 1825 and received a royal charter the same year, and was granted 250,000 acres (1,000 km2) in northwest Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania) in 1826. The company's initial investors were a group of London merchants who planned a wool growing venture to supply the needs of the British textile industry.
Ernest I of Schauenburg
Ernest I of Schauenburg (German: Ernst I. von Schauenburg) (ca. 1441 – 1471) became the Bishop of Hildesheim in 1458.

The son of Otto of Holstein-Schauenburg became a canon in Hildesheim in 1445. In 1458 (at the age of seventeen) he was chosen as the bishop and installed in the following year. He was devoted to hunting and warfare. In 1459 he introduced restrictions to the church's jurisdiction.

He was unable, however, to fend off the devastation of his bishopric by the neighbouring princes. During his time in office, the Seven Chapters (Sieben Stifter) emerged for the first time as part of the Territory of the former Principality of Hildesheim. In 1469, his city forged  a defensive alliance with Duke Otto of Lüneburg. He died of grief on 22/23 Jul 1471, as a result of the misfortune suffered in the war with Duke Frederick.

Holstein-Pinneberg
The County of Holstein-Pinneberg (German: Grafschaft Holstein-Pinneberg), also known as the County of Schauenburg and Holstein-Pinneberg (German: Grafschaft Schauenburg und Holstein-Pinneberg), was a small territory which existed from 1290 until 1640, centred around Pinneberg in modern-day Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Oh! Production
Oh! Production Ltd. (Japanese: 有限会社オープロダクション, Hepburn: Yūgen-gaisha Ō Purodakushon), sometimes credited as Oh! Pro or Oh-Pro, is an anime production studio in Amanuma, Suginami, Tokyo, Japan. It was established in May 1970 by animators Norio Shioyama, Kōichi Murata, Kazuo Komatsubara, and Kōshin Yonekawa.

Suginami
Suginami (杉並区, Suginami-ku) is one of the 23 special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. The ward refers to itself as Suginami City in English.

The total area is 34.06 km2.
As of June 1, 2022, Suginami has an estimated population of 588,354 and a population density of 17,274 persons per km2.

Suginami's mascot is a green little dinosaur called Namisuke.
Swedish Transport Administration
The Swedish Transport Administration (Swedish: Trafikverket) is a government agency in Sweden, controlled by the Riksdag and the Government of Sweden. It is responsible for long-term infrastructure planning for transport: road, rail, shipping and aviation. It owns, constructs, operates and maintains all state-owned roads and railways and operates many car ferry services.

The agency is a member of the Nordic Road Association. For shipping and aviation, it only does planning and purchasing unprofitable traffic. Trafikverket does not do practical physical work to construct or maintain roads or railways, because that is done by separate companies which Trafikverket write contracts with and pay.

Swedish Maritime Administration
The Swedish Maritime Administration (Swedish: Sjöfartsverket) is the government agency in Sweden which provides services to the transport sector by keeping the sea lanes open and safe. The agency is to a certain degree financed through fees levied on commercial shipping.

The head office is in Norrköping.

The main services of the Maritime Administration include: pilotage, maintenance of marine fairways, ice-breaking, hydrographics, maritime search and rescue, seamen's service. It also maintains the lighthouses and other aids to navigation of Sweden. Until 1 January 2009, it also was responsible for  maritime safety inspection. Seagoing vessels navigating the Baltic Sea must meet certain ice class requirement. While its mainly deals with merchant shipping, other maritime activities are also taken into account.

Sjöfartsverket runs the Joint Rescue Center Gothenburg.
Pawłów Górny
Pawłów Górny [ˈpavwuf ˈɡurnɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wola Krzysztoporska, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) south-west of Wola Krzysztoporska, 19 km (12 mi) south-west of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 56 km (35 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Wola Krzysztoporska
Wola Krzysztoporska [ˈvɔla kʂɨʂtɔˈpɔrska] is a village in Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wola Krzysztoporska. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) south-west of Piotrków Trybunalski and 50 km (31 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
1000 Islands Tower
The 1000 Islands Tower is a concrete observation tower, on Hill Island, in Ontario, about 620 meters from the border of New York State. Built and opened in June 15, 1965, the tower provides panoramic views over the Thousand Islands of both countries, from a height of 400 feet (120 m) above the St. Lawrence River.

It is generally open from May to October.

Thousand Islands
The Thousand Islands (French: Mille-Îles, pronounced [mil il]) constitute a North American archipelago of 1,864 islands that straddles the Canada–US border in the Saint Lawrence River as it emerges from the northeast corner of Lake Ontario. They stretch for about 50 miles (80 km) downstream from Kingston, Ontario. The Canadian islands are in the province of Ontario and the U.S. islands in the state of New York.

The islands range in size from over 40 square miles (100 km2) to smaller islands occupied by a single residence, or uninhabited outcroppings of rocks. To count as one of the Thousand Islands, emergent land within the river channel must have at least one square foot (0.093 m2) of land above water level year-round, and support at least two living trees.
1988 Campionati Internazionali della Valle D'Aosta
The 1988 Campionati Internazionali della Valle D'Aosta (International Championships of Valle d'Aosta), was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts that was part of the 1988 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was the third edition of the tournament and took place in Saint-Vincent, Aosta Valley, Italy, from 8 August until 14 August 1988. First-seeded Kent Carlsson won the singles title.

1988 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1988 Nabisco Grand Prix was the only men's tennis circuit held that year. It incorporated the four Grand Slam tournaments, three World Championship Tennis tournaments and the Grand Prix tournaments.
Thematic Apperception Test
The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a projective psychological test developed during the 1930s by Henry A. Murray and Christiana D. Morgan at Harvard University. Proponents of the technique assert that subjects' responses, in the narratives they make up about ambiguous pictures of people, reveal their underlying motives, concerns, and the way they see the social world. Historically, the test has been among the most widely researched, taught, and used of such techniques.

Projective test
In psychology, a projective test is a personality test designed to let a person respond to ambiguous stimuli, presumably revealing hidden emotions and internal conflicts projected by the person into the test. This is sometimes contrasted with a so-called "objective test" / "self-report test", which adopt a "structured" approach as responses are analyzed according to a presumed universal standard (for example, a multiple choice exam), and are limited to the content of the test. The responses to projective tests are content analyzed for meaning rather than being based on presuppositions about meaning, as is the case with objective tests. Projective tests have their origins in psychoanalysis, which argues that humans have conscious and unconscious attitudes and motivations that are beyond or hidden from conscious awareness.
Leone Cattani
Leone Cattani (5 January 1906 – 29 October 1980) was an Italian lawyer, politician and anti-Fascist activist.

Between December 1944 and December 1945 he served as secretary general of the Italian Liberal Party.  Later, in 1955, he was a co-founder of the Italian Radical Party.

Alcide De Gasperi
Alcide Amedeo Francesco De Gasperi (Italian: [alˈtʃiːde de ˈɡasperi]; 3 April 1881 – 19 August 1954) was an Italian politician and statesman who founded the Christian Democracy party and served as prime minister of Italy in eight successive coalition governments from 1945 to 1953.

De Gasperi was the last prime minister of the Kingdom of Italy, serving under both Victor Emmanuel III and Umberto II. He was also the first prime minister of the Italian Republic, and also briefly served as provisional head of state after the Italian people voted to end the monarchy and establish a republic. His eight-year term in office remains a landmark of political longevity for a leader in modern Italian politics. De Gasperi is the fifth longest-serving prime minister since the Risorgimento.

A devout Catholic, he was one of the founding fathers of the European Union along with fellow Italian Altiero Spinelli.
Ma'ale Mikhmas
Ma'ale Mikhmas (Hebrew: מַעֲלֵה מִכְמָשׂ) is an Israeli settlement in the Binyamin region of the northern West Bank. Located a few miles northeast of Jerusalem, it falls under the municipal jurisdiction of Mateh Binyamin Regional Council and according to Palestinians the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate. In 2023 it had a population of 2,131.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

Mateh Binyamin Regional Council
Mateh Binyamin Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית מטה בנימין, Mo'atza Azorit Mateh Binyamin, Lit. Council for the Region of the Tribe of Benjamin) is a regional council governing 47 Israeli settlements and outposts in the West Bank. The council's jurisdiction is from the Jordan valley in the east to the Samarian foothills in the west, and from the Shiloh creek in the north to the Jerusalem Mountains in the south.

The seat of the council is Psagot. The council is named for the ancient Israelite tribe of Benjamin, whose territory roughly corresponds to that of the council. The region in which the Binyamin settlements are located is referred to as the Binyamin Region.

The international community considers Israeli settlements to be illegal, but the state of Israel disputes this, and this applies to all communities under the administration of Mateh Binyamin.
Place des Vosges
The Place des Vosges (French: [plas de voʒ]; lit. 'Vosges Square'), originally the Place Royale ('Royal Square'), is the oldest planned square in Paris, just before the Place Dauphine. It is located in the Marais district, and it straddles the dividing-line between the 3rd and 4th arrondissements. It is an enclosed square, accessible via a main street on one of its four sides and two streets running beneath pavilions. It was a fashionable and expensive square to live in during the 17th and 18th centuries, and one of the main reasons for the chic nature of the Marais among the Parisian nobility. Along with the Place des Victoires, the Place Dauphine, the Place Vendôme and the Place de la Concorde, it is one of the five royal squares in Paris.

Place des Victoires
The Place des Victoires (French pronunciation: [plas de viktwaʁ]; English: Victory Square, lit. 'Square of Victories') is a circular square in central Paris, located a short distance northeast of the Palais-Royal and straddling the border between the 1st and the 2nd arrondissements. The Place des Victoires is at the confluence of six streets: the Rue de la Feuillade, Rue Vide-Gousset, Rue d'Aboukir, Rue Étienne-Marcel, Rue Croix-des-Petits-Champs and Rue Catinat.
Layered queueing network
In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, a layered queueing network (or rendezvous network) is a queueing network model where the service time for each job at each service node is given by the response time of a queueing network (and those service times in turn may also be determined by further nested networks). Resources can be nested and queues form along the nodes of the nesting structure. The nesting structure thus defines "layers" within the queueing model.

Layered queueing has applications in a wide range of distributed systems which involve different master/slave, replicated services and client-server components, allowing each local node to be represented by a specific queue, then orchestrating the evaluation of these queues.

For large population of jobs, a fluid limit has been shown in PEPA to be a give good approximation of performance measures.

Fluid limit
In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, a fluid limit, fluid approximation or fluid analysis of a stochastic model is a deterministic real-valued process which approximates the evolution of a given stochastic process, usually subject to some scaling or limiting criteria.

Fluid limits were first introduced by Thomas G. Kurtz publishing a law of large numbers and central limit theorem for Markov chains. It is known that a queueing network can be stable, but have an unstable fluid limit.
TGV world speed record
The TGV (train à grande vitesse, 'high-speed train') holds a series of land speed records for rail vehicles achieved  by SNCF, the French national railway, and its industrial partners.  The high-speed trials are intended to expand the limits of high-speed rail technology, increasing speed and comfort without compromising safety.

The current world speed record for a commercial train on steel wheels is held by the French TGV at 574.8 km/h (357.2 mph), achieved on 3 April 2007 on the new LGV Est.

TGV POS
The TGV POS is a TGV train built by French manufacturer Alstom which is operated by the French national rail company, the SNCF, in France's high-speed rail lines. It was originally ordered by the SNCF for use on the LGV Est, which was put into service in 2007. POS is an abbreviation of Paris-Ostfrankreich-Süddeutschland (English: Paris, Eastern France, Southern Germany), the route of the LGV Est.
Haddowia
Haddowia is a genus of polypore fungi in the family Ganodermataceae. The genus was circumscribed by Belgian mycologist René Léopold Steyaert in 1972, with Haddowia longipes (previously Amauroderma) as the type species. The genus name honors William Robert Haddow, "in view of his careful studies in the genus Ganoderma.

Amauroderma
Amauroderma is a genus of polypore fungi in the family Ganodermataceae. The genus, widespread in tropical areas, contains about 70 species. Amauroderma fungi are wood-decay fungi that feed and fruit on decayed branches and trunks.

The fruit bodies of Amauroderma fungi comprise a cap and a stipe, and are typically woody, leathery, or corky in texture. The spores produced are usually spherical or nearly so, with a characteristic double wall structure that features U-shaped thickenings.