hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qandala campaign
The Qandala campaign began when the Islamic State in Somalia (ISS) attacked and captured the town of Qandala in Bari, Puntland, Somalia on 26 October 2016. This takeover resulted in the displacement of over 25,700 civilians and an eventual counter-offensive by the Puntland Security Force, which succeeded in driving ISS from Qandala on 7 December, and thereafter government units continued to attack the militants' hideouts in the nearby mountains until 18 December. The fall of Qandala was the second time that an Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL)-affiliated group had captured a town in Somalia, but whereas the first takeover had lasted only for a very short time, ISS had managed to hold Qandala, a town of both major strategic as well as symbolic importance, for over a month.

Bari, Somalia
Bari (Somali: Bari, Arabic: بري) is an administrative region (gobol) in northeastern Somalia that consists of six districts: Qandala, Iskushuban, Alula, Bosaso, Bandarbeyla, and Qardho. The port city of Bosaso is the capital of the region and the largest city in Bari. The region is part of the autonomous Somali state of Puntland.
Catalunya en Miniatura
41°21′32″N 1°59′9″E﻿ / ﻿41.35889°N 1.98583°E﻿ / 41.35889; 1.98583

Catalunya en Miniatura (Catalan pronunciation: [kətəˈluɲə əm mini.əˈtuɾə], in English "Catalonia in miniature") is a miniature park inaugurated in 1983 in Torrelles de Llobregat, 17 km (11 mi) from Barcelona. The park is 60,000 m2 (650,000 sq ft), 35,000 m2 (380,000 sq ft) of them devoted to the scale models, it is one of the largest miniature parks in the world, and the largest of the 14 miniature building exhibitions present in Europe. It displays 147 models of palaces, churches, bridges and other buildings from Catalonia and Mallorca and it includes all the major works by the renowned architect Antoni Gaudí.

Port del Comte
Port del Comte (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈpɔɾd dəl ˈkɔmtə]) is a ski resort in located in the Port del Comte mountain range, in the pre-Pyrenees, at the north of the Serra de Querol, in Catalonia, Spain. The ski area has a summit elevation of 2,400 m (7,900 ft) above sea level and a base of 1,700 m (5,600 ft) with a vertical drop of 700 m (2,300 ft).

The resort is divided into two sectors: the first includes the Querol and north of Serrat de la Bòfia. It has all of the service centers and parking, as well as the lifts with greater capacity. Three chairlifts have been recently added, as well as snowmaking on some of the runs. The other sector is located in an area between the highest Pedró dels Quatre Batlles and Estivella.  It has no road access: access is by a double chairlift from a south-southwest  orientation of the runs, which often suffer from lack of snowpack. This area of the resort, which lacks snowmaking, is often closed when the other areas are open.
Guanidinium thiocyanate
Guanidinium thiocyanate (GTC) or guanidinium isothiocyanate (GITC) is a chemical compound used as a general protein denaturant, being a chaotropic agent, although it is most commonly used as a nucleic acid protector in the extraction of DNA and RNA from cells.

GITC may also be recognized as guanidine thiocyanate. This is because guanidinium is the conjugate acid of guanidine and is called the guanidinium cation, [CH6N3]+.

Chaotropic agent
A chaotropic agent is a molecule in water solution that can disrupt the hydrogen bonding network between water molecules (i.e. exerts chaotropic activity). This has an effect on the stability of the native state of other molecules in the solution, mainly macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids) by weakening the hydrophobic effect. For example, a chaotropic agent reduces the amount of order in the structure of a protein formed by water molecules, both in the bulk and the hydration shells around hydrophobic amino acids, and may cause its denaturation.

Conversely, an antichaotropic agent (kosmotropic) is a molecule in an aqueous solution that will increase the hydrophobic effects within the solution. Antichaotropic salts such as ammonium sulphate can be used to precipitate substances from the impure mixture. This is used in protein purification processes, to remove undesired proteins from solution.
Great Mosque of Touba
The Great Mosque of Touba (Arabic: الجامع الكبير في توبا; French: Grande Mosquée de Touba) is a mosque in Touba, Senegal. It was founded by Ahmadou Bamba in 1887 and completed in 1963.
. Bamba died in 1927 and was interred inside the mosque. Since his death the mosque has been controlled by his family. It is the largest building in the city and, prior to the construction of the Massalikoul Djinane Mosque in 2019, was one of the largest mosques in Africa, with a capacity of 7,000 worshipers. It is the site of a pilgrimage, the Grand Magal of Touba.

It is the home of the Mouride Brotherhood, a Sufi order, thus making it important to that order.

Touba
Touba (Hassaniya Arabic: توبا, 'Felicity'; Wolof: Tuubaa) is a city in central Senegal, part of Diourbel Region and Mbacké district. With a population of 1,120,824 in 2023, it is the second most populated Senegalese city after Dakar. It is the holy city of Mouridism and the burial place of its founder, Shaikh Ahmadou Bàmba Mbàcke.  Next to his tomb stands a large mosque, completed in 1963.
Congressional Avenue
Congressional Avenue (Filipino: Abenida Kongresyonal) is a 6-kilometer (3.7 mi) six-lane highway in Quezon City, Philippines. It is one of the secondary roads in Metro Manila. Part of it is designated as part of Circumferential Road 5 (C-5) of the Manila arterial road system and National Route 129 (N129) of the Philippine highway system.

Congressional Avenue starts from the intersection between EDSA and Fernando Poe Jr. Avenue (formerly Roosevelt), passes through some of the Project areas, Tandang Sora, Culiat, and Pasong Tamo, and ends at Luzon Avenue at the boundary of Matandang Balara.

The avenue is one of the rising food destinations in Quezon City because many food establishments, such as food parks, have set up shop along Congressional Avenue Extension.

EDSA
Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, commonly referred to by its acronym EDSA (Tagalog: [ˈʔɛd.sɐ]), is a major circumferential road around Metro Manila, Philippines. It passes through 6 of Metro Manila's 17 local government units or cities, namely, from north to south, Caloocan, Quezon City, San Juan, Mandaluyong, Makati, and Pasay.

Named after academic Epifanio de los Santos, the section of the road from Balintawak Interchange in Quezon City to Magallanes Interchange in Makati connects the North Luzon Expressway (NLEX) and South Luzon Expressway (SLEX). The avenue passes through the major financial districts of the metropolis which are Triangle Park, Araneta City, Ortigas Center, Makati CBD, and Bay City. It is the longest and the most congested highway in the metropolis, stretching some 23.8 kilometers (14.8 mi).
Set function
In mathematics, especially measure theory, a set function is a function whose domain is a family of subsets of some given set and that (usually) takes its values in the extended real number line  which consists of the real numbers  and

A set function generally aims to measure subsets in some way. Measures are typical examples of "measuring" set functions. Therefore, the term "set function" is often used for avoiding confusion between the mathematical meaning of "measure" and its common language meaning.

Disjoint sets
In set theory in mathematics and formal logic, two sets are said to be disjoint sets if they have no element in common. Equivalently, two disjoint sets are sets whose intersection is the empty set. For example, {1, 2, 3} and {4, 5, 6} are disjoint sets, while {1, 2, 3} and {3, 4, 5} are not disjoint. A collection of two or more sets is called disjoint if any two distinct sets of the collection are disjoint.
Richard Strete
The Venerable Richard Strete was an Anglican priest in England during the  16th century.

Strete was educated at the University of Oxford. He was a Canon of Lichfield from 1521 to 1527; Archdeacon of Shropshire 1527 until 1536, and of Derby from 1533 until his death on 7 January 1543.

Archdeacons in the Diocese of Derby
The three Archdeacons in the Diocese of Derby are senior ecclesiastical officers in the Church of England Diocese of Derby. Each archdeacon has responsibility for church buildings and clergy discipline in her/his respective archdeaconry.
Essex County Courthouse
The Essex County Courthouse is located at the Essex County Government Complex in Newark, New Jersey, United States. It was built in 1904 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 26, 1975, for its significance in art and architecture.

The building, designed by Cass Gilbert, has a four-story rotunda topped with a Tiffany skylight. It features artwork from some of the most well known artists of the American Renaissance period including Seated Lincoln by Gutzon Borglum.

The main facade is adorned with nine sculptures by Piccirilli Brothers.

The courthouse as it appeared in 1907

Seated Lincoln

Essex County Government Complex
The Essex County Government Complex is located in Newark, the county seat of Essex County, New Jersey, U.S. at west of end of Market Street in Downtown. It is home to the Essex County Executive, the Board of County Commissioners, and the constitutional officers of the county: the County Clerk, the County Surrogate, and the County Sheriff as well as the County Register. The Essex County Prosecutor's Office and the 5th Vininage of New Jersey Superior Court is based at the government complex, across from which is the campus of Essex County College. The complex comprises various buildings built since 1904, when the historic courthouse was constructed, and is adorned with public art, including statues and busts of prominent civic leaders. Numerous state and county offices are located at the complex, which also has extensive parking facilities.
GU Piscium
GU Piscium is a star in the constellation Pisces. An RS Canum Venaticorum variable, it ranges from magnitude 12.96 to 13.24 over 1.04 days. It is 48 Parsecs (155 light-years) distant from Earth. This star is also believed to be a member of the AB Doradus moving group with a membership probability of 96.9%.

RS Canum Venaticorum variable
An RS Canum Venaticorum variable is a type of variable star. The variable type consists of close binary stars having active chromospheres which can cause large stellar spots. These spots are believed to cause variations in their observed luminosity.  Systems can exhibit variations on timescales of years due to variation in the spot surface coverage fraction, as well as periodic variations which are, in general, close to the orbital period of the binary system.  Some systems exhibit variations in luminosity due to their being eclipsing binaries.  Typical brightness fluctuation is around 0.2 magnitudes. They take their name from the star RS Canum Venaticorum (abbreviated RS CVn). A nearby example is χ1 Orionis, at only 28 light years away.
Ajmer–Hazrat Nizamuddin Duronto Express
The Ajmer–Hazrat Nizamuddin Duronto Express is a Non-stop train belonging to North Western Railway zone that runs between Ajmer Junction and Hazrat Nizamuddin in India. It is currently being operated with 22211/22212 train numbers on bi-weekly basis.

This train now converted to a Jan Shatabdi Express due to poor demand.

North Western Railway zone
The North Western Railway (abbreviated NWR) is one of 19 railway zones in India. It is headquartered at Jaipur. It has a route length of more than 5,761 kilometres (3,580 mi) across the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab and Haryana. NWR operates international rail service Thar Express from Jodhpur to Karachi. This zone is the key enabler of the Delhi–Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) project by virtue of running railways 1,500 km long Western Dedicated Freight Corridor.
Finland–Sweden border
The Finland–Sweden border (or Finnish–Swedish border) is the border between the countries of Finland and Sweden. Almost the entire border runs through water: along the Tornio River and its tributaries, and in the Gulf of Bothnia. Only a few kilometres of the border are on dry land. Because of the Schengen treaty and the Nordic Passport Union, the border can be crossed mostly freely.

Gulf of Bothnia
The Gulf of Bothnia (/ˈbɒθniə/, Swedish: Bottniska viken, Finnish and Meänkieli: Pohjanlahti) is the northernmost arm of the Baltic Sea, between Finland's west coast (Ostrobothnia (East Bothnia)) and the northern part of Sweden's east coast (Västerbotten (Westrobothnia, West Bothnia) and Norrbotten (North Bothnia)). It is divided into the Bothnian Bay, the (North) Kvarken and the Bothnian Sea. In the south of the gulf lies Åland, between the Sea of Åland and the Archipelago Sea.
Teucer
In Greek mythology, Teucer (/ˈtjuːsər/; Ancient Greek: Τεῦκρος, romanized: Teûkros, also Teucrus, Teucros or Teucris), was the son of King Telamon of Salamis Island and his second wife Hesione, daughter of King Laomedon of Troy. He fought alongside his half-brother, Ajax, in the Trojan War and is the legendary founder of the city of Salamis on Cyprus. Through his mother, Teucer was the nephew of King Priam of Troy and the cousin of Hector and Paris—all of whom he fought against in the Trojan War.

Priam
In Greek mythology, Priam (/ˈpraɪ.əm/; Ancient Greek: Πρίαμος, pronounced [prí.amos]) was the legendary and last king of Troy during the Trojan War. He was the son of Laomedon. His many children included notable characters such as Hector, Paris, and Cassandra.
Poljska Ržana
Poljska Ržana is a village in the municipality of Pirot, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1349 people.

There is a local football club in Poljska Rzana called Mladost.

Pirot
Pirot (Serbian Cyrillic: Пирот) is a city and the administrative center of the Pirot District in southeastern Serbia. According to 2022 census, the urban area of the city has a population of 34,942, while the population of the city administrative area has 49,601 inhabitants.

The city has rich geographical features, including the mountains of Stara Planina, Vlaška Planina, Belava, Suva Planina; rivers which flow through the town, including Nišava, Jerma, Rasnička Reka, Temštica and the Visočica; and four lakes, the Zavoj Lake, Berovacko Lake, Krupac Lake and Sukovo Lake.

It also has a rich culture, with notable Orthodox church buildings, including the Church of St. Petka, and the monastery of St. Georges and St. John the Theologian from the late 14th century, both of which display an example of medieval architecture. Pirot is known for its traditional woven carpet, the Pirot carpet (Pirot ćilim).
Love You to Debt
Love You to Debt (Thai: สินเชื่อ..รักแลกเงิน) formerly The Interest (Thai: ผ่อนรักนอกระบบ), is a 2024 romance action Thai film starring Vachirawit Chivaaree and Urassaya Sperbund. Directed by Waasuthep Ketpetch and produced by Parbdee Taweesuk, this movie is an official remake of Han Dong-wook's 2014 South Korean film Man in Love. The story is about a debt collector who falls in love with a woman struggling to take care of her ailing father due to financial issues. It was released on 25 April 2024 in Thailand. The popularity led the movie release in many countries, including Paris. It released on online streaming platform Netflix, ranked first place in 'Top 10 Thai Films'

GMMTV
GMMTV (Thai: จีเอ็มเอ็มทีวี) is a television production and talent agent subsidiary to the Thai entertainment conglomerate GMM Grammy, under The One Enterprise, which produces television shows, songs, and music videos. It was founded on August 3, 1995. Sataporn Panichraksapong is the company's chief executive officer.
Överselö Church
Överselö Church (Swedish: Överselö kyrka) is a medieval Lutheran church located on Selaön near Strängnäs in Södermanland County, Sweden. The church is noted for its Medieval artefacts and frescos. Its restoration over a two-year period was completed in 2013. It belongs to the Diocese of Strängnäs.

Selaön
Selaön is the largest island in Mälaren, Sweden, and covers 94.72 km². It is located at Stallarholmen, east of Strängnäs, and it has about 1,800 permanent residents. It is connected by a bridge to the mainland. It is the largest island in any lake in Sweden.

In the Heimskringla, Granmar, the king of Södermanland, was murdered on this island by Ingjald Illruler.
Deir Qaddis
Deir Qaddis (Arabic: دير قديس) is a Palestinian town in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate of the State of Palestine, in the central West Bank, located sixteen kilometers west of Ramallah. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 2,452 inhabitants in 2017. The town consists of 8,207 dunams, of which 438 dunams are classified as built-up area. As a result of 1995 accords, 7.7% of Deir Qaddis' land was transferred to the Palestinian National Authority for civil affairs, so-called Area B, but Israel still retains full control of 92.3% of the town, being in Area C.

Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem
The Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem (ARIJ; Arabic: معهد الابحاث التطبيقية - القدس) is a Palestinian NGO founded in 1990 with its main office in Bethlehem in the West Bank. ARIJ is actively working on research projects in the fields of management of natural resources, water management, sustainable agriculture and political dynamics of development in the Palestinian Territories.
Pot liquor
Pot liquor, sometimes spelled potlikker or pot likker, is the liquid that is left behind after boiling greens (collard greens, mustard greens, turnip greens) or beans. It is sometimes seasoned with salt and pepper, smoked pork or smoked turkey. Pot liquor contains high amounts of essential vitamins and minerals including iron, vitamin A and vitamin C.

In the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, the term pot liquor is used to describe the broth left over from boiling multiple vegetables (potato, carrot, cabbage, etc.), usually with the dish known as Jiggs Dinner.

Jiggs dinner
Jiggs dinner, also called boiled dinner or cooked dinner, is a traditional meal commonly prepared and eaten on Sundays in Newfoundland and other Atlantic provinces. Corned beef and cabbage was the favourite meal of Jiggs, the central character in the popular, long-running comic strip Bringing Up Father by George McManus and Zeke Zekley.

The name of the dish is also occasionally rendered as Jigs dinner or Jigg's dinner, and it may be referred to colloquially as JD.
Sopu Tower
Sopu Tower (Maltese: Torri ta' Sopu), also known as Isopu Tower, San Blas Tower or Torre Nuova, is a small watchtower situated on the cliff between San Blas and Daħlet Qorrot in Nadur, Gozo, Malta.

Isopu Tower was the last watchtower to be built in Malta, apart from the tour-reduits of the 18th century. It is one of four surviving towers on Gozo, with the others being Xlendi Tower, Dwejra Tower and Mġarr ix-Xini Tower. The earlier Garzes and Marsalforn towers were destroyed in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Daħlet Qorrot
Daħlet Qorrot is a small bay found in the north of Gozo, Malta between Qala and Nadur. The beach is rocky in summer but in winter it is always covered with algae. In this bay, you can find several boathouses which had been dug in the soft limestone. The rock is filled with fossils and this makes Daħlet Qorrot a geological hot spot.

It derives its name from the ship "Qorrot" that entered the bay to take shelter from the storm, back in the 19th century. The word 'daħlet' in Maltese comes from the verb 'daħal' meaning to enter.
36°03′01″N 14°19′01″E﻿ / ﻿36.05028°N 14.31694°E﻿ / 36.05028; 14.31694
Juan García Postigo
Juan García Postigo (born 19 January 1982) is a Spanish actor, model, sommelier, hotelier, entrepreneur, and male beauty pageant titleholder who won the Mister Spain 2006 competition, and then later on won the Mister World 2007 title in Sanya, Hainan, China. He is the first Spaniard to have won the title of Mister World.

As an actor, García is best known for his roles in the television shows Los Serrano (2003), ¡A ver si llego! (2009), and La hora de José Mota (2009).

Sommelier
A sommelier (UK: /ˈsɒməljeɪ, sɒˈmɛlieɪ/ SOM-əl-yay, som-EL-ee-ay, US: /ˌsʌməlˈjeɪ/ SUM-əl-YAY, French: [sɔməlje] ⓘ), chef de vin or wine steward, is a trained and knowledgeable wine professional, normally working in fine restaurants, who specializes in all aspects of wine service as well as wine and food pairing. The role of the sommelier in fine dining today is much more specialized and informed than that of a wine waiter. Sommeliers Australia states that the role is strategically on par with that of the chef de cuisine.
Conrad Vernon Morton
Conrad Vernon Morton (24 October 1905 – 29 July 1972) was an American botanist, who did notable writings on ferns. He was also a specialist in Gesneriaceae and Solanaceae for the Smithsonian Institution from 1928.

In 1938, botanists Standl. & Steyerm., published Mortoniodendron, a genus of flowering plants from Central America, belonging to the family Malvaceae in Conrad Morton's honour. Then in 1939, botanist Robert Everard Woodson published Mortoniella a monotypic genus of flowering plants from Central America, in the family Apocynaceae, also in his honour. Later in 1975, botanist Wiehler published Neomortonia, a genus of flowering plant from South America, belonging to the family Gesneriaceae.

Robert Everard Woodson
Robert Everard Woodson Jr. (28 April 1904 – 6 November 1963) was an American botanist. He received a 
degree in biology in 1929 at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. The standard author abbreviation Woodson is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

He gave classes in botany at Washington University, and from 1945 to 1963 he was a regular professor. He was also curator of the Missouri Botanical Garden.
Renard R.35
The Renard R.35 was a prototype pressurised airliner of the 1930s built by the Belgian aircraft manufacturer Constructions Aéronautiques G. Renard.  A three-engined low-winged monoplane with retractable undercarriage, the R.35 was destroyed in a crash on its first flight.

Trimotor
A trimotor is a propeller-driven aircraft powered by three internal combustion engines, characteristically one on the nose and one on each wing. A compromise between complexity and safety, such a configuration was typically a result of the limited power of the engines available to the designer. Many trimotors were designed and built in the 1920s and 1930s as the most effective means of maximizing payload.

Other - and uncommon - configurations include engines above the wing, as on seaplanes, including in pusher configuration, and an engine on each wing and one on the tail.

The best known trimotors are the Fokker F, Ford AT, and Junkers Ju series aircraft.