hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Russian commando frogmen
The Russian commando frogmen (Russian: Морской спецназ, romanized: Morskoy spetsnaz), informally called "commando frogmen" in civilian media, are a Russian Naval Spetsnaz unit under operational subordination to the GRU that specialized in amphibious reconnaissance to prepare for amphibious warfare operations, clandestine operation, defense against swimmer incursions, direct action against important strategic or tactical goals, irregular warfare, ISTAR, maritime counterterrorism and hostage rescue, and naval special warfare. It is the special forces unit of the Russian Naval Infantry and is composed of highly trained and elite marines within the Naval Infantry. By virtue of belonging to the Russian Naval Infantry, frogmen fall under the Coastal Troops of the Russian Navy service arm. The Russian Navy proper does not field any special forces or special operations forces. Russian FSB special forces Alpha Group and Vympel also have frogman units in their respective naval components.

Vympel
Directorate "V" of the FSB Special Purpose Center, often referred to as Spetsgruppa "V" Vympel (pennant in Russian, originated from German Wimpel, and having the same meaning), but also known as KGB Directorate "V", Vega Group, is a stand-alone sub-unit of Russia's special forces within the Russian Special Purpose Center of the Federal Security Service (FSB).

Vympel is the sister unit of Spetsgruppa "A" (Alpha Group), an FSB unit.
Ottoman–Persian War (1505–1517)
The Ottoman–Persian War was a series of military conflicts fought between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid dynasty of Iran during the reign of Sultan Bayezid II and his son Selim I. Sparked by sectarian and territorial rivalries, the wars culminated in major Ottoman victories, including the pivotal Battle of Chaldiran (1514) and the subsequent conquest of Eastern Anatolia and northern Mesopotamia. These campaigns marked the beginning of a long-standing Ottoman–Persian rivalry that would last until 1918

Deli Husrev Pasha
Deli Husrev Pasha (Serbo-Croatian: Deli Husrev Paša, Turkish: Deli Hüsrev Paşa,  Divane Hüsrev Pasha) (c. 1495 – 1544) was an Ottoman Bosnian statesman from the Sanjak of Bosnia. His epithet "deli" means "crazy" in Ottoman Turkish, which was ascribed to him because of his quick temper.
2022 EFL play-offs
The English Football League play-offs for the 2021–22 season (referred to as the Sky Bet Play-Offs for sponsorship reasons) were held in May 2022 with all finals being staged at Wembley Stadium in Wembley.

The play-offs begin in each league with two semi-finals which are played over two legs. The teams who finished in 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th place in the Championship and League One and the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th-placed teams in League Two compete. The winners of the semi-finals advance to the finals, with the winners gaining promotion for the following season.

All three play-off finals will use Video Assistant Referees (VAR), making it the first time that they have been used in each of the respective leagues.

2021–22 EFL Championship
The 2021–22 EFL Championship (referred to as the Sky Bet Championship for sponsorship reasons) was the 6th season of the EFL Championship under its current title and the 30th season under its current league division format.
Northern Region Academy
Northern Region Academy is a football technical center in Vanuatu. The Academy was founded in December 2015 at Luganville, Santo to serve five provinces in the northern region of Vanuatu.

FIFA's Development Officer Glen Turner and Lambert Maltock, president of the Vanuatu Football Federation, officially opened the center, alongside William Nasak, the Director General of the Youth and Sport, on  December 1, 2015.

In 2017, Vanuatu Football Federation picked several players from the Northern Region Academy to play for the National U17 team in a tournament in Tahiti from 11 to 20 February 2017.

Vanuatu Football Federation
The Vanuatu Football Federation (VFF) is the main governing body of all football in Vanuatu. It is an association of Vanuatu football clubs, and it organises national competitions and international matches for the Vanuatu National Football Team. The men's national team is ranked 165th in the FIFA World Rankings (Men). The men's national team was invited to  compete in The Hero Intercontinental Cup 2023  and competes in major tournaments like FIFA World Cup Qualifiers (Oceania) and OFC Nations Cup.

The VFF was founded in 1934. It has been affiliated with FIFA since 1988 and is also a member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The Federation was invited to compete in the 2023 Intercontinental Cup by AIFF. It competes in other events such as - FIFA World Cup Qualifiers and OFC Nations Cup. The men's national team of Vanuatu has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup and the women's national team has never qualified for the FIFA Women's World Cup in the history of VFF.
Păușești
Păușești is a commune located in Vâlcea County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Buzdugan, Păușești, and Păușești-Otăsău.

The commune is located in the center of the county, 4 km (2.5 mi) away from the spa town of Băile Govora, 20 km (12 mi) from the town of Horezu, and 30 km (19 mi) away from the county capital, Râmnicu Vâlcea. It is traversed north to south by the river Otăsău. Păușești borders  Pietrari and Stoenești communes to the north, Frâncești commune to the south, Băile Govora to the east, and Tomșani commune to the west.

The Brădești and Văleni oil fields are located on the territory of the commune.

Râmnicu Vâlcea
Râmnicu Vâlcea (formerly Râmnic, Romanian pronunciation: [ˈrɨmniku ˈvɨlt͡ʃe̯a]) is a city in Romania. Located in the south-central part of the country, in the historical province of Oltenia, it is the seat of Vâlcea County and its main urban settlement. According to the 2021 Romanian census, it has a population of 93,151.
Katharine Woolley
Katharine Elizabeth, Lady Woolley (née  Menke; June 1888 – 8 November 1945) was a British military nurse and archaeologist who worked principally at the Mesopotamian site of Ur. She was married to archaeologist Leonard Woolley.

Max Mallowan
Sir Max Edgar Lucien Mallowan, CBE, FBA, FSA (6 May 1904 – 19 August 1978) was a British archaeologist specializing in the Ancient Near East. Having studied classics at Oxford University, he was trained for archaeology by Leonard Woolley at Ur and Reginald Campbell Thompson at Nineveh. He then directed a number of archaeological expeditions sponsored by the British Museum and the British School of Archaeology in Iraq. He was the second husband of Agatha Christie, having met her during the excavation at Ur in 1930. He served in the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve during the Second World War, and then entered academia. He was Professor of Western Asiatic Archaeology at the University of London (1947–1962) and a fellow of All Souls College, Oxford (1962–1971).
2019 European Games
The 2nd European Games 2019 (Belarusian: II Еўрапейскія гульні, Jeŭrapiejskija huĺni 2019; Russian: II Европейские игры, Yevropeyskiye igry 2019), also known as the 2019 European Games or Minsk 2019 (Belarusian: Мінск 2019; Russian: Минск 2019), were held in Minsk, Belarus, from 21 June to 30 June 2019. The games featured 200 events in 15 sports (23 disciplines). Around 4,000 athletes from 50 countries participated. Ten of the sports offered qualification opportunities for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. The opening ceremony at the Dinamo Stadium was held on 21 June, and the closing ceremony at the same venue was held on 30 June.

The logo of the games was "paparać-kvietka"—a plant that plays an important role in the culture of the Slavs. The slogan of the event is "Bright Year, Bright You", which also makes reference to the national domain of the Republic of Belarus and the official international shortening—BY.

Belteleradio
The National State TV and Radio Company of the Republic of Belarus or simply Belteleradio, is a state-owned television and radio broadcasting service in Belarus.

From 1993 until 2021, it was a full active member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) under the name Belarusian Television and Radio Company (BTRC). In May 2021, the EBU Executive Board agreed to suspend BTRC as a member of the broadcasting union effective 11 June 2021. The broadcaster later іndіcated that the suspension would expire in 2024, but this was later denied by the EBU a couple months prior to when the suspension hypothetically would have been lifted as they publicly addressed that it had "no reason" to reinstate BTRC's membership "at the current time". This means that BTRC's membership is indefinitely suspended, and as a result cannot rejoin the organisation. Until the suspension is lifted or another Belarusian member joins in its place, there are presently no members of the EBU who are from Belarus.
Mehran Kushk
Mehran Kushk (Persian: مهرانكوشك, also Romanized as Mehrān Kūshk; also known as Mīrān Kush) is a village in Baghestan Rural District, in the Eslamiyeh District of Ferdows County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 418, in 139 families.

Baghestan Rural District (Ferdows County)
Baghestan Rural District (Persian: دهستان باغستان) is in Eslamiyeh District of Ferdows County, South Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Baghestan-e Sofla. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Baghestan-e Olya, now the city of Baghestan.
Queqiao-2
Queqiao-2 relay satellite (Chinese: 鹊桥二号中继卫星; pinyin: Quèqiáo èr hào zhōngjì wèixīng; lit. 'Magpie Bridge 2 relay satellite'), is the second of the communications relay and radio astronomy satellites designed to support the fourth phase the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program, after Queqiao-1 launched in 2018. The China National Space Administration (CNSA) launched the Queqiao-2 relay satellite on 20 March 2024 to an elliptical frozen orbit around the Moon to support communications from the far side of the Moon and the Lunar south pole.

The name Queqiao (ch'wuh-ch'yow, "Magpie Bridge") was inspired by and came from the Chinese tale The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl.

Elliptic orbit
In astrodynamics or celestial mechanics, an elliptical orbit or eccentric orbit is an orbit with an eccentricity of less than 1; this includes the special case of a circular orbit, with eccentricity equal to 0. Some orbits have been referred to as "elongated orbits" if the eccentricity is "high" but that is not an explanatory term. For the simple two body problem, all orbits are ellipses.

In a gravitational two-body problem, both bodies follow similar elliptical orbits with the same orbital period around their common barycenter. The relative position of one body with respect to the other also follows an elliptic orbit.

In the solar system the dominant mass of the sun ensures planets each follow nearly circular elliptic orbits (e near 0) with the sun at the main focus while comets such as Halley is highly eccentric or elongated orbit (e near 1). Examples of elliptic orbits or trajectories for satellites include Hohmann transfer orbits, Molniya orbits, and tundra orbits.
History of Manchester Metrolink
The history of Manchester Metrolink begins with its conception as Greater Manchester's light rail system in 1982 by the Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive, and spans its inauguration in 1992 and the successive phases of expansion.

Firema T-68
The Firema T-68 is a model of light rail passenger vehicle that first operated on the Manchester Metrolink network in Greater Manchester, England in 1992. The vehicles were constructed by Firema specifically as a high-floor, articulated bi-directional tram to operate solely on the Manchester Metrolink system.

Twenty-six T-68s were manufactured by Firema at their factories in Italy. Six modified variants (known as the T-68A) were produced in 1999 in a joint project by Firema and Ansaldo. All 32 were replaced by Bombardier M5000s between 2012 and 2014, as the Bombardier trams were significantly more reliable than the T-68s.
60S ribosomal protein L23
Large ribosomal subunit protein uL14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPL23 gene.

Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL14 family. It is located in the cytoplasm. This gene has been referred to as RPL17 because the encoded protein shares amino acid identity with ribosomal protein L17 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, its official symbol is RPL23. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome.

60S ribosomal protein L17
Large ribosomal subunit protein uL22 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPL17 gene.

Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein belongs to the L22P family of ribosomal proteins. It is located in the cytoplasm. This gene has been referred to as RPL23 because the encoded protein shares amino acid identity with ribosomal protein L23 from Haloarcula marismortui; however, its official symbol is RPL17. Two alternative splice variants have been observed, each encoding the same protein. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome.
FK Lovćen
Fudbalski klub Lovćen is a football club based in Cetinje, Montenegro. It was founded on 20 June 1913. It was named after Mount Lovćen near Cetinje. Lovćen is the oldest football club in Montenegro and one of the oldest in Southeastern Europe. Today, Lovćen is a member of Montenegrin Second League. FK Lovćen is a part of Lovćen Cetinje sports society.

Montenegrin Football Championship (1922–1940)
The Montenegrin Football Championship was a football league competition that existed in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia from 1925 until 1940, under the names Prvijenstvo Zetske i Primorske banovine (1922-1930) and Prvijenstvo Cetinjskog loptačkog podsaveza (1930-1940).

From 1922 to 1930, the championship was the third level of football in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In period 1930-1940, Montenegrin Football Championship, under the Cetinjski loptački podsavez (Cetinje Football Association) was the second-tier league competition in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
Itaba massacre
The Itaba massacre was, according to Amnesty International, the "massacre of between 173 and 267 unarmed civilians, many of them women, children and the elderly, who were deliberately and unlawfully killed in the Commune of Itaba, Gitega Province, Burundi on 9 September 2002". The killings were carried out by members of the armed forces of Burundi.

The Burundian authorities blamed the deaths on cross fire between government forces and the National Council for the Defense of Democracy – Forces for the Defense of Democracy (CNDD-FDD). Human rights groups have stated that civilians were deliberately targeted.

In 2002, the European Union called for an independent inquiry into the killings after criticising the judicial proceedings of a military court which found two officers guilty of failing to obey orders. They were sentenced to four months in prison, and released, having already served that time since their arrest.

Commune of Itaba
The commune Itaba is one of 11 municipalities in the province of Gitega, Burundi. It is surrounded in the north by the town of Gitega, to the south by Rutana Province, to the west by the municipalities Bukirasazi and Makebuko, and to the east also by Rutana Province, as well as Ruyigi Province. It covers an area of 170 square kilometres (66 sq mi), equal tp 8.6% of the entire province of Gitega (1,978.96 square kilometres (764.08 sq mi)) and 0.6% of the whole country (27,834 square kilometres (10,747 sq mi)).
2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri
The 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri were held on November 5, 2024, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the state of Missouri, one from each of the state's congressional districts. The elections coincided with the U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. Primary elections took place on August 6, 2024.

2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri
The 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri were held on November 8, 2022, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the state of Missouri, one from each of the state's congressional districts. The elections coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections.

This was the first House of Representatives elections held in Missouri following the 2020 redistricting cycle. The associated primary elections were held on August 2, 2022.
German Modena
The German Modena (German: Deutsche Modeneser) is a breed of fancy pigeon developed over many years of selective breeding. German Modenas, along with other varieties of domesticated pigeons, are all descendants of the rock dove (Columba livia).

Pigeon keeping
Pigeon keeping or pigeon fancying is the art and science of breeding domestic pigeons.  People have practiced pigeon keeping for at least 5,000 years and in almost every part of the world. In that time, humans have substantially altered the morphology and the behaviour of the domesticated descendants of the rock dove to suit their needs for food, aesthetic satisfaction and entertainment.

People who breed pigeons are commonly referred to as pigeon fanciers. The hobby is gaining in popularity in the United States, after having waned within the last 50 years. Both the hobby and commercial aspects of keeping pigeons are thriving in other parts of the world.
2011 World Amateur Boxing Championships – Super heavyweight
The Super heavyweight competition was the heaviest class featured at the 2011 World Amateur Boxing Championships, held at the Heydar Aliyev Sports and Exhibition Complex. Boxers were not limited to a maximum kilograms in body mass.

2011 AIBA World Boxing Championships
The 2011 AIBA World Boxing Championships was held at the Heydar Aliyev Sports and Exhibition Complex in Baku, Azerbaijan from September 22 to October 10, 2011.

The competition ran under the supervision of the world's governing body for amateur boxing, the AIBA, and followed on from the biggest World Championships in AIBA history which was held in Milan, Italy in 2009.

This world championship served as a qualifier for the 2012 Summer Olympics. 685 boxers participated from 127 countries.

The preliminary rounds started on September 26 with the finals being held on October 10.
2019 Women's EuroHockey Championship II
The 2019 Women's EuroHockey Championship II was the eighth edition of the Women's EuroHockey Championship II, the second level of the European field hockey championships organized by the EHF.

It was held from the 4th until the 10th of August 2019 at the Glasgow National Hockey Centre in Glasgow, Scotland. The tournament also served as a direct qualifier for the 2021 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship, with the winner, Scotland, and runner-up, Italy, qualifying.

Women's EuroHockey Championship II
The Women's EuroHockey Championship II, formerly known as the Women's EuroHockey Nations Trophy, is a competition for European national field hockey teams. It is the second level of European field hockey Championships for national teams.

The tournament has been won by seven different teams: Scotland has the most titles with three followed by Belarusand Italy with two and Azerbaijan, Belgium, France and Ireland have all won the tournament once. The most recent edition was held in Gniezno, Poland and was won by Italy.
Graphiopsis
Graphiopsis is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Davidiellaceae.

The species of this genus are found in Europe, Japan, Northern America and New Zealand.

Species:

Graphiopsis ceratostomoides (Speg.) Goid.

Graphiopsis chlorocephala (Fresen.) Trail

Graphiopsis desmazieri (Sacc.) Höhn.

Graphiopsis sacchari (Speg.) Goid.

Graphiopsis verticillata (Speg.) Goid.

Davidiellaceae
The Davidiellaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota, class Dothideomycetes. The family was defined in 2006 based on the results of molecular phylogenetic analysis of various Dothideomycetes species, and contains the genus Davidiella and six other genera.
Jocelyn Islands
The Jocelyn Islands are a group of islands lying between the Flat Islands and the Rouse Islands in the eastern part of Holme Bay, Mac. Robertson Land, Antarctica. The group, which is made up (going west-to-east) the Lee Island, Verner Island, and Petersen Island, were mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and named Meholmane (the middle islands). They were renamed in 1960 by Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) for Jocelyn Terry, who for a number of years broadcast news and messages to Antarctica from Radio Australia.

Flat Islands (Antarctica)
The Flat Islands or Flatøyholmane are a small chain of islands that extend 5 km (2.5 nmi) in a northeast–southwest direction, lying about 3 km (1.9 mi) northwest of Mawson Station and 3.2 km (2 mi) southwest of Welch Island in the eastern part of Holme Bay. The Flat Islands were mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936–1937) and the name Flatøyholmane (the Flat Island Islets) was applied to the group at the south end of the chain. The island mapped as Flatøy on the Norwegian map is actually three islands. Following surveys by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE), the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) recommended in 1958 that the descriptive name Flat Islands be applied for the entire group. The group is made up of Stinear Island and Béchervaise Island, amongst others.
Gordon Brown (rugby union)
Gordon Lamont Brown (1 November 1947 – 19 March 2001) was a Scottish rugby union footballer. Nicknamed "Broon frae Troon" (i.e. Brown from Troon, his home town), Brown is considered one of Scotland's greatest-ever rugby players. Playing as a second row forward, he was an integral part of Scotland's tight five during the early 1970s, along with Ian McLauchlan, Sandy Carmichael, Frank Laidlaw and Alastair McHarg, which became known collectively as the Mean Machine. He also represented the British and Irish Lions on three tours with distinction. Brown was inducted into the International Rugby Hall of Fame in 2001, which later integrated with the World Rugby Hall of Fame, into which he was inducted in 2015. He was also an inductee to the Scottish Rugby Union Hall of Fame in 2010.

International Rugby Hall of Fame
The International Rugby Hall of Fame (IRHOF) was a hall of fame for rugby union. It was created in 1997 in New Zealand and is run as a charitable trust with an address at Chiswick in London. Most of the trustees are also inductees. IRHOF accepted new inductees every two years until 2007. Most inductees are former players, but others who have contributed to the game are eligible. In 2014 it was integrated into the IRB Hall of Fame, which then was renamed the World Rugby Hall of Fame.