hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grazing (human eating pattern)
Grazing is a human eating pattern characterized as "the repetitive eating of small or modest amounts of food in an unplanned manner throughout a period of time, and not in response to hunger or satiety cues".

Two subtypes of grazing have been suggested: compulsive and non-compulsive. Compulsive grazing is accompanied by the feeling that the person is not able to resist going back to repetitively snack on the desired food. Non‐compulsive grazing is repetitively eating in a distracted and mindless way, without paying much attention to what is eaten.

Hunger (physiology)
Hunger is a sensation that motivates the consumption of food. The sensation of hunger typically manifests after only a few hours without eating and is generally considered to be unpleasant. Satiety occurs between 5 and 20 minutes after eating. There are several theories about how the feeling of hunger arises. The desire to eat food, or appetite, is another sensation experienced with regard to eating.

The term hunger is also the most commonly used in social science and policy discussions to describe the condition of people who suffer from a chronic lack of sufficient food and constantly or frequently experience the sensation of hunger, and can lead to malnutrition. A healthy, well-nourished individual can survive for weeks without food intake (see fasting), with claims ranging from three to ten weeks.

Satiety is the opposite of hunger; it is the sensation of feeling full.
Peroxide fusion
Peroxide fusion is used to prepare samples for inductively coupled plasma (ICP), atomic absorption (AA) analysis and wet chemistry.  Sodium peroxide (Na2O2) is used to oxidize the sample that becomes soluble in a diluted acid solution. This method allows complete dissolution of numerous refractory compounds like chromite, magnetite, ilmenite, rutile, and even silicon, carbides, alloys, noble metals and materials with high sulfide contents.

Peroxide fusion can be performed either manually or with automated systems. The latter have the advantage of increasing productivity, improving safety, maintaining repeatable preparation conditions, and avoiding spattering as well as cross-contamination.

Atomic absorption spectroscopy
Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is an elemental analysis method for determining the concentration of metals in a given sample.

The principle of AAS relies on the vaporization of metals within a sample when introduced to a flame. Every ground state metal absorbs light radiation (and excites) at a different wavelength. This uniqueness allows each metallic element to have its own absorption spectrum that corresponds to its identity. The total absorbed radiation at a specific wavelength by an element in the sample is proportional to the density of atoms of the element. The quantification of this relationship is used to determine the concentration of specific metals in the sample.
S. Kidman & Co
S. Kidman & Co is an Australian producer of beef. While it used to be one of the largest producers, since being owned by Gina Rinehart's Hancock Prospecting since December 2016, it has been selling off its properties.  As of 10 April 2023 it has four pastoral leases, one in the Northern Territory and three in Queensland.

Pastoral lease
A pastoral lease, sometimes called a pastoral run, is an arrangement used in both Australia and New Zealand where government-owned Crown land is leased out to graziers for the purpose of livestock grazing on rangelands.
2012 Oceania Weightlifting Championships
The 2012 Oceania Weightlifting Championships took place at the Faleata Sports Complex in Apia, Samoa from 6 to 9 June 2012. Together with that year's Commonwealth Championships, they were held concurrently as a single event designated the 2012 Oceania & Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships.

Oceania Weightlifting Championships
The Oceania Weightlifting Championships is the continental weightlifting championships for Oceanian nations, organised by the Oceania Weightlifting Federation (OWF). Since 1993, the event also incorporates the South Pacific Weightlifting Championships.
Jelly roll fold
The jelly roll or Swiss roll fold is a protein fold or supersecondary structure composed of eight beta strands arranged in two four-stranded sheets. The name of the structure was introduced by Jane S. Richardson in 1981, reflecting its resemblance to the jelly or Swiss roll cake. The fold is an elaboration on the Greek key motif and is sometimes considered a form of beta barrel. It is very common in viral proteins, particularly viral capsid proteins. Taken together, the jelly roll and Greek key structures comprise around 30% of the all-beta proteins annotated in the Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database.

Protein fold class
In molecular biology, protein fold classes are broad categories of protein tertiary structure topology. They describe groups of proteins that share similar amino acid and secondary structure proportions. Each class contains multiple, independent protein superfamilies (i.e. are not necessarily evolutionarily related to one another).
Jovo Lukić
Jovo Lukić (Serbian Cyrillic: Јово Лукић, Serbian pronunciation: [jôːʋo lǔkitɕ]; born 28 November 1998) is a Bosnian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Liga I club Universitatea Cluj.

He started his professional career at Sloga Doboj, before joining Krupa in 2018. In 2019, Lukić was loaned to Zvijezda Gradačac. The following year, he signed with Borac Banja Luka.

A former youth international for Bosnia and Herzegovina national team, Lukić made his senior international debut in 2021.

Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup
The Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup (Croatian: Kup Bosne i Hercegovine; Serbian: Куп Босне и Херцеговине) is a knock-out football competition contested annually by clubs from Bosnia and Herzegovina. The winner qualifies for the UEFA Conference League second qualifying round and a place in the Bosnian Supercup.

Until the 1999–2000 season, three separate cups were organized. In 1998, for the first time, Bosnia and Herzegovina got its official cup winner after the "Super final" between Sarajevo and Orašje (winners of two different cups). In the 1999–2000 season, the normal cup format was organized for the first time in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the 2000–01 season, clubs from the entire country have been competing in the Cup.

Prior to 1992, clubs from the Bosnia and Herzegovina territory contested in the Yugoslav Cup.
Leucosolenia
Leucosolenia is a genus of calcareous sponges belonging to the family Leucosoleniidae. Species of this genus usually appear as groups of curved vases, up to 2 cm long, each ending in an osculum. The overall shape is sometimes likened to a tiny bunch of bananas. They are most often observed in tide pools, clustered around the base of seaweeds or on rocks, and occur in a variety of colours, usually rather pale. Its canal system is of asconoid type. The colony consists of few simple vase-like, cylindrical individuals each terminating in an osculum and united at their bases by irregular horizontal tubes. Leucosolenia reproduces both asexually and sexually. asexual reproduction by budding and sexual reproduction takes place by formation of gametes, i.e., ova and sperms. Lecosolenia is hermaphrodite, because both the gametes are formed in the body of same individual. Sponges are mostly asymmetrical, but Leucosolenia is symmetrical.

Calcareous sponge
The calcareous sponges or calcereans are sponges that make up the class Calcarea, characterized by spicules made of calcium carbonate in the form of high-magnesium calcite or aragonite. While the spicules in most species are triradiate (with three points in a single plane), some species may possess two- or four-pointed spicules. Unlike the far more common siliceous sponges, calcareans lack microscleres, tiny spicules which reinforce the flesh. In addition, their spicules develop from the outside-in, mineralizing within a hollow organic sheath.
CNN Indonesia
CNN Indonesia is a 24-hour Indonesian free-to-air television news channel, owned by Trans Media in collaboration with Warner Bros. Discovery under a CNN license. Broadcasting from Trans Media studios in South Jakarta, the local franchise presents national and international content, focusing on general news, business, sports, and technology.

The TV programs are aired 24 hours a day via digital terrestrial TV networks, pay-TV providers Transvision and IndiHome nationwide, and live streaming services for overseas viewers.

Transvision (Indonesia)
PT Indonusa Telemedia, operating as Transvision (formerly TelkomVision and YesTV), is a subscription-based direct broadcast satellite service provider in Indonesia. It is primarily owned by Trans Media, a subsidiary of CT Corp, and the founding company Telkom Indonesia via TelkomMetra as the minority holder. Transvision currently airing through MEASAT-3b satellite (via Ku band frequency) since 2016, and also via internet protocol (IPTV) under the name Transvision XStream.

Aside from providing satellite TV (under the name Transvision Satellite and its slimmed-down version, Nusantara HD) and the XStream IPTV service (similar to Telkom's IndiHome TV), Transvision also operates an internet service named Hi-Speed. The company also have its own OTT stearming service, CubMu, which is set to compete against Vidio and Vision+ (the latter owned by Transvision's long rival, MNC Vision). The company's slogan is Broadcasting at The Edge of Technology.
Dietrich II of Isenberg-Limburg
Dietrich II of Isenberg-Limburg (died 22 March 1328) was a German aristocrat. In deeds and charters known as Dietrich (II) of Limburg-Stirum, he was lord of Stirum and the son of Johann of Isenberg-Limburg, who died in 1277. He should not be confused with Diederik II count of Limburg Hohenlimburg (±1276 - 09.08.1364) or Dietrich III count of Limburg Hohenlimburg and lord of Broich (±1328-18.05.1401), who actually ruled the county Limburg (Lenne).

He married Bertrada von Goetterswick and they had four children:

Johann of Limburg, gt of Stirum (died before 1364);

Dietrich IV of Limburg, gt von Stirum;

Agnes (died after 1342).

Guda, married to Heinrich Wolf von Ludinghausen.

Johann of Limburg
Johann of Limburg, gt von Stirum (died before 1364), son of lord Dietrich II of Limburg Stirum and Bertrada of Götterswick. And a cousin   of Diederik II count of Limburg Hohenlimburg.

He married (1st) Uda von Ravensberg and (2nd) Margareta von Ahaus, and had four children:

Dietrich III of Limburg, zu Styrum (fl. 1347/91);

Johann, a canon at Mülheim an der Ruhr;

Hermann (fl. 1385);

Jutta, married to Eberhard von der Leyten.
2016 Ohio House of Representatives election
An election was held on November 8, 2016 to elect all 99 members to Ohio's House of Representatives. The election coincided with the elections for other offices, including U.S. President, U.S. Senate, U.S. House of Representatives and state senate. The primary election was held on March 15, 2016.

Republicans consolidated their supermajority in the House by gaining one seat, winning 66 seats compared to 33 seats for the Democrats.

2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio
The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio were held on November 8, 2016, to elect the 16 U.S. representatives from the state of Ohio, one from each of the state's 16 congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections. The primaries were held on March 15.
PySide
PySide is a Python binding of the cross-platform GUI toolkit Qt developed by The Qt Company, as part of the Qt for Python project. It is one of the alternatives to the standard library package Tkinter. Like Qt, PySide is free software. PySide supports Linux/X11, macOS, and Microsoft Windows. The project can also be cross compiled to embedded systems like Raspberry Pi, and Android devices.

Qt Group
Free and open-source software portal

Qt Group Plc (Qt is pronounced "cute") is a software company headquartered in Espoo, Finland. It was formed following the acquisition of Qt by Digia, but was later spun off into a separate, publicly traded company.

The company oversees the development of the Qt framework alongside the Qt Project, and provides tools for UI design, software development, quality assurance and testing, as well as expert consulting services.
Mitchel Athletic Complex
The Mitchel Athletic Complex is part of the Mitchel Field complex, located in the East Garden City section of Uniondale, New York, on the site of the decommissioned Mitchel Air Force Base. The facility is owned by Nassau County. It is used mostly for football and soccer and also sometimes for athletics. The athletic complex was built in 1984 and was renovated in 1997; it hosted track and field and soccer events during the 1998 Goodwill Games. Mitchel Field is also home to Nassau Coliseum, Nassau Community College, Hofstra University, Lockheed Corporation, and the Cradle of Aviation Museum.

Uniondale, New York
Uniondale is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in central Nassau County, New York, on Long Island, in the Town of Hempstead, within the New York metropolitan area. The population was 32,473 at the time of the 2020 United States census.

The CDP is home to Nassau Community College, Hofstra University's north campus and a portion of its southern campus, as well as the Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum.
Parathalassiinae
Parathalassiinae is a subfamily of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is part of an extended concept of the family, Dolichopodidae sensu lato, and forms a monophyletic group with Dolichopodidae sensu stricto. It was once placed provisionally in the subfamily Microphorinae as the tribe Parathalassiini.

According to a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family Dolichopodidae by Germann et al. (2011), there is strong evidence for placing Parathalassiinae within Dolichopodidae sensu stricto.

Microphorinae
Microphorinae is a subfamily of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is part of an expanded concept of the family, Dolichopodidae sensu lato, though it was previously considered a subfamily of Empididae or a family of its own.
Abraham Lincoln High School (San Jose, California)
Abraham Lincoln High School is a high school located in San Jose, California, in the San Jose Unified School District. It is a magnet school for academic, visual, and performing arts. As of 2025, the principal is Aaron Lily, after controversy between the staff.

San José Unified School District
San José Unified School District (abbreviated SJUSD) is a TK-12 unified school district in Santa Clara County, California, that covers a large portion of the city of San Jose. The district has more than 3,000 full-time employees serving approximately 30,000 students in 41 schools from Downtown San Jose in the north to the Almaden Valley in the south. It is one of 19 school districts that serve parts of San Jose, the largest school district in the Santa Clara Valley, and the 24th largest in California.
Bakr Sidqi
Bakr Sidqi al-Askari (Arabic: بكر صدقي العسكري;‎ 1890 – 11 August 1937) was an Iraqi general of Kurdish origin, Sidqi, the Chief of the Iraq General Staff of the nation's  military, was born in 1890 and assassinated on 11 August 1937, in Mosul.

Shimun XXI Eshai
Mar Eshai Shimun XXI (Syriac: ܡܪܝ ܐܝܫܝ ܫܡܥܘܢ ܟܓ.; 26 February 1908 – 6 November 1975), sometimes known as Mar Eshai Shimun XXIII, Mar Shimun XXIII Ishaya, Mar Shimun Ishai, or Simon Jesse, served as the 119th Catholicos-Patriarch of the Church of the East from 1920, when he was a youth, until his murder on 6 November 1975.
Outline of Monaco
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Monaco:

Monaco – small sovereign city-state located in Western Europe. Monaco lies on the northern coast of the Mediterranean and is surrounded by France.  It has the highest life expectancy at birth of any country, 89.4 years (2017 estimate). Monaco is often regarded as a tax haven, and many of its inhabitants are wealthy and from foreign countries (including France), although they are not a majority.

Demographics of Monaco
This is a demography of the population of Monaco, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

In 1995, Monaco's population was estimated at 30,744, with an estimated average growth rate of 0.59%. Monaco-Ville has a population of 1,151.

French is the official language; Italian, English, and Monégasque also are spoken. The literacy rate is 99%. Roman Catholicism is the official religion, with freedom of other religions guaranteed by the constitution.
George Trevelyan (priest)
George Trevelyan (17 December 1765 – 13 October 1827) was an Anglican priest in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

Trevelyan was the son of Sir John Trevelyan Bt MP. He was educated at St Alban Hall, Oxford, matriculating in 1789, graduating BCL in 1797, and was ordained in 1797. He held livings at Nettlecombe, Somerset, Treborough and Huish Champflower. He was Archdeacon of Bath from 1815 to 1817; and  Archdeacon of Taunton from then until his death.

Archdeacon of Taunton
The Archdeacon of Taunton has been, since the twelfth century, the senior ecclesiastical officer in charge of the archdeaconry of Taunton in the Diocese of Bath and Wells (in the Church of England). The archdeaconry includes seven deaneries.
Radula (plant)
Radula is a genus of liverwort in the family Radulaceae. The genus includes 248 species of small plants that typically grow as green, scaly patches on tree trunks, logs, or rocks in moist environments. It is distinguished from other liverworts by several unique features, including the production of root-like structures (rhizoids) exclusively from leaf surfaces and characteristic branching patterns. The plants have rounded, overlapping leaves consisting of two unequal lobes, with considerable variation in structure across species. Following a major taxonomic revision in 2022, the genus comprises five subgenera with distributions ranging from tropical to temperate regions. The oldest known fossil species, R. cretacea, found in Burmese amber, dates to the Cenomanian age, though molecular evidence suggests the genus originated in the Triassic period, around 228 million years ago.

Dactyloradula
Dactyloradula is a liverwort genus in the family Radulaceae, containing the single species Dactyloradula brunnea. The species is endemic to Japan, though a disjunct population was historically known from Oregon in the western United States. The species typically grows as an epiphyte on tree bark in temperate forests, particularly in subalpine regions, and occasionally on rock faces. First described in 1910 as a species of Radula, it was elevated to genus status in 2022 based on its distinctive morphological features and ancient evolutionary history. The genus is characterised by its bistratose stem cortex, finger-like appendages at the base of its leaf lobules, and regular production of specialised branches called amentulose (reduced-leaf) shoots. Molecular studies indicate that Dactyloradula represents one of the earliest diverging lineages within Radulaceae, having separated from other members of the family about 133 million years ago during the Early Cretaceous period.
Origins of the Kingdom of Alba
The origins of the Kingdom of Alba pertain to the origins of the Kingdom of Alba, or the Gaelic Kingdom of Scotland, either as a mythological event or a historical process, during the Early Middle Ages.

William Forbes Skene
William Forbes Skene WS FRSE FSA(Scot) DCL LLD (7 June 1809 – 29 August 1892), was a Scottish lawyer, historian and antiquary.

He co-founded the Scottish legal firm Skene Edwards which was prominent throughout the 20th century but disappeared in 2008 when it merged with Morton Fraser.
Agriculture University, Kota
Agriculture University, Kota (AUK) is an agricultural university situated in Kota, Rajasthan, India. It was established in 2013  by the Government of Rajasthan under Agriculture University, Kota Act, 2013, by bifurcating Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology and Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University. 
Its jurisdiction covers six districts, namely Kota, Baran, Bundi, Jhalawar, Karauli  and Sawai Madhopur. Dinesh Chandra Joshi was appointed vice chancellor in 2019.

Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University
Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University (SKRAU), formerly Rajasthan Agricultural University, is a state agricultural university located in Bikaner in the Indian state Rajasthan. The university, formerly a part of the Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur became a separate entity in 1987 through Rajasthan Agriculture University, Bikaner Act, 1987. It was renamed after freedom fighter and social reformer Swami Keshwanand in 2009. Raksha Pal Singh was appointed vice chancellor in 2019.
Nordic Institute of Asian Studies
Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (Danish: Nordisk Institut for Asien Studier), or NIAS for short, was a research institute and resource center dedicated to Asian studies, affiliated with the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. It ceased operations and was officially closed on 31 December 2023.

The institute was located in Copenhagen and served all five Nordic countries, comprising Denmark (including Greenland and Faroe Islands), Norway, Sweden, Finland and Iceland. NIAS was established under the auspices of the Nordic Council of Ministers in 1968 as a Nordic focal point for research on Asia.

Asian studies
Asian studies is the term used usually in North America and Australia for what in Europe is known as Oriental studies. The field is concerned with the Asian people, their cultures, languages, history and politics. Within the Asian sphere, Asian studies combines aspects of sociology, history, cultural anthropology, cultural studies, and many other disciplines to study political, cultural and economic phenomena in Asian traditional and contemporary societies. Asian studies form a field of post-graduate study in many universities.

It is a branch of area studies, and many Western universities combine Asian and African studies in a single faculty or institute, like SOAS in London. It is often combined with Islamic studies in a similar way. The history of the discipline in the West is covered under Oriental studies.

The International Institute for Asian Studies (IIAS) only considers Asia to the east of the Indus River in its scope of "Asian Studies".
John P. Eisentraut
John P. Eisentraut (1870-1958) was an American architect most closely associated with South Dakota. Eisentraut designed a number of buildings, including Carnegie libraries and courthouses, several of which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. He was one of South Dakota's leading architects during the first quarter of the twentieth century.

Hot Springs, South Dakota
Hot Springs (Lakota: mni kȟáta; "hot water") is a city in and the county seat of Fall River County, South Dakota, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 3,395. In addition, neighboring Oglala Lakota County contracts the duties of Auditor, Treasurer and Register of Deeds to the Fall River County authority in Hot Springs.