hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1st Surrey Rifles
The 1st Surrey Rifles (often spelled out in full as First Surrey Rifles and abbreviated as FSR) was a volunteer unit of the British Army from 1859 until 1993. It saw considerable service on the Western Front, at Salonika and in Palestine during World War I. It served as a searchlight unit and as a light anti-aircraft regiment during World War II.

5th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom)
The 5th Anti-Aircraft Division (5th AA Division) was an air defence formation of Britain's Territorial Army, created in the period of tension before the outbreak of the Second World War. It defended Southern England during the Battle of Britain and the Blitz.
Wine list
A wine list is a menu of wine selections for purchase, typically in a restaurant setting. A restaurant may include a list of available wines on its main menu, but usually provides a separate menu just for wines. Wine lists in the form of tasting menus and wines for purchase are also offered by wineries and wine stores.

A restaurant's sommelier is usually in charge of assembling the wine list, educating the staff about wine, and assisting customers with their wine selections.

Wine lists have been found from ancient Egyptian times. Ancient wine lists were not created for the same purpose served by a menu, but rather as a means of recording inventory and administrating wine rations in a monarch's household.

Menu
In a restaurant, the menu is a list of food and beverages offered to the customer. A menu may be à la carte – which presents a list of options from which customers choose, often with prices shown – or table d'hôte, in which case a pre-established sequence of courses is offered. Menus may be printed on paper sheets provided to the diners, put on a large poster or display board inside the establishment, displayed outside the restaurant, or put on a digital screen. Since the late 1990s, many restaurants have put their menus online.

Menus are also often a feature of very formal meals other than in restaurants, for example at weddings. In the 19th and 20th centuries printed menus were often used for society dinner-parties in homes; indeed this was their original use in Europe.
Gunnar Mine
The Gunnar Mine was an active uranium mine in northern Saskatchewan, Canada, located approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of the community of Uranium City and approximately 600 kilometres (370 mi) north of Saskatoon. This mine is situated on the Crackingstone Peninsula on the north shore of Lake Athabasca in the Beaverlodge Uranium District.

Over its lifetime, this mine produced 5,000,000 t (4,900,000 long tons; 5,500,000 short tons) of uranium ore and around 4,400,000 t (4,300,000 long tons; 4,900,000 short tons) of mining tailings.

In 2000, the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission first visited the site to begin the remediation project of this abandoned mine.

Lake Athabasca
Lake Athabasca (/ˌæθəˈbæskə/ ATH-ə-BASK-ə; French: lac Athabasca; from Woods Cree: ᐊᖬᐸᐢᑳᐤ aðapaskāw, "[where] there are plants one after another") is in the north-west corner of Saskatchewan and the north-east corner of Alberta between 58° and 60° N in Canada. The lake is about 26% in Alberta and 74% in Saskatchewan.

The lake is fed by the Athabasca River and other rivers, and its water flows northward via the Slave River to the Mackenzie River system, eventually reaching the Arctic Ocean.
Jamie Cumming
James Andrew Cumming (born 4 September 1999) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for EFL Championship club Oxford United.

A product of the Chelsea academy, Cumming signed his first professional contract with the club in 2018. He spent the 2020–21 season on loan at Stevenage, his first season of regular first-team football. After a loan spell at Gillingham during the first half of the 2021–22 season, he joined Milton Keynes Dons in January 2022, making 77 appearances across two loan spells. Cumming joined Oxford United on loan in January 2024, helping the club achieve promotion to the Championship via the play-offs before signing permanently in June 2024.

2024 EFL play-offs
The English Football League play-offs for the 2023–24 season (referred to as the Sky Bet Play-Offs for sponsorship reasons) were held in May 2024 with all finals being staged at Wembley Stadium in London.

The play-offs began in each league with two semi-finals which were played over two legs. The teams who finished in 3rd to 6th place in the Championship and League One and the 4th to 7th-placed teams in League Two competed. The winners of the semi-finals advanced to the finals, with the winners gaining promotion for the following season.
Adrian Mierzejewski
Adrian Mierzejewski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈadrjan mjɛʐɛˈjɛfskʲi]; born 6 November 1986) is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He is currently the technical director of the Poland national team.

2017 FFA Cup
The 2017 FFA Cup was the fourth season of the FFA Cup (now known as the Australia Cup), the main national soccer knockout cup competition in Australia. 32 teams began competing in the competition proper (from the round of 32), including the 10 A-League teams and 21 Football Federation Australia (FFA) member federation teams determined through individual state qualifying rounds, as well as the reigning National Premier Leagues Champion (Sydney United 58 from NSW).
1993 PBA draft
The 1993 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) rookie draft was an event at which teams drafted players from the amateur ranks. It was held on January 17, 1993, at the Rigodon Ballroom of the Manila Peninsula.

Philippine Basketball Association draft
The Philippine Basketball Association draft is an annual Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) event dating back to 1985 in which the league's teams can draft eligible prospects seeking to join the league. Each team has one draft pick per round to select players and the draft lasts for as many rounds as needed until all teams have passed their selection.

The draft usually takes place between October and December, during the league's off-season. During the early to mid-2020s, due to the COVID-19 pandemic affecting the league's schedule, the draft is scheduled towards the earlier or middle part of the year. No player may sign with any PBA team until he has been eligible for at least one draft.
2022 World Shooting Para Sport Championships
The 2022 World Shooting Para Sport Championships was the 8th edition of the World Shooting Para Sport Championships. It was held in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates from 6 to 17 November 2022. It was the first time the competition was staged in the Middle East.

World Shooting Para Sport has proposed that 31 athletes was eligible to participate in the 2024 Summer Paralympics based on their performance at Al Ain 2022 – increasing the overall importance of this tournament.

World Shooting Para Sport Championships
The World Shooting Para Sport Championships, originally known as the IPC Shooting World Championships, are the world championships for shooting where athletes with a disability compete. They are organised by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) on a four year rotation with the Paralympic Games.

The Championships are open to both men and women, with two main classifications, SH1 and SH2. SH1 classification shooting events include pistols and rifles, while SH2 events are rifles only.

The IPC, which serves as the international governing body for shooting involving competitors with disabilities, changed the sport's name to "Shooting Para sport" effective 30 November 2016. At the same time, it adopted the "World Para" branding for the committees that govern all disability sports for which it serves as the international federation, including shooting.
USS Darter (SS-576)
USS Darter (SS-576), a unique submarine based on the Tang class, but incorporating many improvements, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the darter, a type of small American fresh-water fish.

The contract to build Darter was awarded to the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation in Groton, Connecticut on 30 June 1954 and her keel was laid down on 10 November 1954. She was launched on 28 May 1956 sponsored by Mrs. G.L. Russell, and commissioned on 20 October 1956.

Designed under project SCB 116 with sophisticated acoustic, electronic and fire control gear, Darter was intended to serve as a new generation of post-war ASW submarines, similar to USS Tang (SS-563). Darter was used to experiment with numerous innovations including a three-man helmsman-planesman station using aircraft-style stick controls.

USS Tang (SS-563)
USS Tang (SS/AGSS-563), the lead ship of her class, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the tang.

She was the first American submarine designed (as opposed to modified) under the Greater Underwater Propulsion Power Program (GUPPY) for underwater performance rather than surfaced speed and handling. Key features included removing the deck guns, streamlining the outer hull, replacing the conning tower with a sail, installing new propellers designed for submerged operations, installing more air conditioning and a snorkel mast, and doubling the battery capacity.

The contract to build her was awarded to the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard on 16 May 1947.  Her keel was laid down on 18 April 1949.  She was launched on 19 June 1951 sponsored by Mrs. Ernestine O'Kane, the wife of Richard H. O'Kane, and commissioned on 25 October 1951 with Commander Enders P. Huey in command.
Macrophthalmidae
The Macrophthalmidae, commonly referred to as sentinel crabs, are a family of crabs, comprising these subfamilies and genera:

Ilyograpsinae Števčić, 2005

Apograpsus Komai & Wada, 2008

Ilyograpsus Barnard, 1955

Macrophthalminae Dana, 1851

Australoplax Barnes, 1966

Enigmaplax Davie, 1993

Hemiplax Heller, 1865

Lutogemma Davie, 2008

Macrophthalmus Desmarest, 1823

Tasmanoplax Barnes, 1967

Venitus Barnes, 1967

Tritodynamiinae Števčić, 2005

Tritodynamia Ortmann, 1894

Tasmanoplax
Tasmanoplax latifrons, commonly known as the southern sentinel crab, is a species of crab found on the south-east coast of Australia, from Tasmania to southern NSW, as far north as the Hunter river. It inhabits tidal mudflats with seagrass, and forms burrows. It is the only species in the genus Tasmanoplax.

The carapace is up to about 30 mm (1.2 in) across. It can be distinguished from the semaphore crab (Heloecius cordiformis) that looks similar and is found in similar mudflat habitat, as it has notches in the side of the carapace (also described as three teeth, including one at the eye). It is yellow brown, with setae on the legs, especially the last two.
Logie Award for Most Outstanding Newcomer
The Silver Logie for Most Outstanding Newcomer, also known as the Graham Kennedy Award for Most Outstanding Newcomer, was an award presented annually at the Australian TV Week Logie Awards. It was created in honour of Graham Kennedy following his death in 2005. The award was first presented at the 48th Annual TV Week Logie Awards, held in 2006 when it was originally called Most Outstanding New Talent. It was given to honour an outstanding performance of a new talent on an Australian program. It may or may not be their first television appearance, however it is their first major television role. The winner and nominees of this award was chosen by television industry juries. It was last presented in 2017.

Logie Awards of 2006
The 48th Annual TV Week Logie Awards was held on Sunday 7 May 2006 at the Crown Palladium in Melbourne, and broadcast on the Nine Network. The ceremony was hosted by Bert Newton, Ray Martin, Daryl Somers, Lisa McCune and Georgie Parker. The nominations were announced at the 50 Years of Television Exhibition at the Powerhouse Museum in Sydney on 3 April 2006. In an historic first, the public then voted for their choice of the eight nominees (instead of five) for the Gold Logie via SMS or a 1900 number, right up until the awards night. Special guests included Chris Noth, George Eads and Joan Rivers.
Scottish colonization of the Americas
The Scottish colonization of the Americas comprised a number of Scottish colonial settlements in the Americas during the early modern period. These included the colony of Nova Scotia in 1629, East Jersey in 1683, Stuarts Town, Carolina in 1684 and New Caledonia in 1698.

William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling
William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling PC (c. 1567 – 12 February 1640) was a Scottish courtier and poet who was involved in the Scottish colonisation of Charles Fort, later Port-Royal, Nova Scotia in 1629 and Long Island, New York. His literary works include Aurora (1604), The Monarchick Tragedies (1604) and Doomes-Day (1614, 1637).
Simple English Bible
The Simple English Bible (1978, 1980) was an attempt to present the Bible in easy to understand, modern English. The version is based on a limited 3000 word vocabulary and everyday sentence structure.  It is also marketed as the Plain English Bible and the International English Bible (see Plain English and International English).

The Simple English Bible was translated by International Bible Translators and the Bible Translation Committee included F. Wilbur Gingrich, Jack P. Lewis, Hugo McCord, Clyde M. Woods, S. T. Kang, Gary T. Burke, and Milo Hadwin. The chairman was Stanley L. Morris, who served as an editor in the Translation Department of the American Bible Society from 1968 to 1972 under Eugene A. Nida.

The God Chasers Extreme New Testament was a 2001 edition of the Simple English Bible New Testament with a new foreword by Tommy Tenney, author of GodChaser.

International English
International English is the concept of using the English language as a global means of communication similar to an international auxiliary language, and often refers to the movement towards an international standard for the language. Related and sometimes synonymous terms include: Global English, World English, Continental English, General English and Common English. These terms may describe the fact that English is spoken and used in numerous dialects around the world or refer to a desired standardisation (i.e. Standard English).

There have been many proposals for making International English more accessible to people from different nationalities but there is no consensus; Basic English is an example, but it failed to make progress. More recently, there have been proposals for English as a lingua franca (ELF) in which non-native speakers take a highly active role in the development of the language.
Franklin Historic District (Franklin, Louisiana)
The Franklin Historic District in Franklin, Louisiana was established by the listing of a 155-acre (63 ha) area as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.  The listing then included 327 contributing buildings and one other contributing structure.  The district was expanded in 2005 to add seven more contributing buildings at 600-608 Palfrey Street.  The modified district included 334 contributing buildings and 89 non-contributing intrusions.

The district includes eight blocks of Main Street through Franklin, which runs north–south.  It includes five blocks of east-west Adams Street.  It is an irregular shape bounded roughly by Main St. and Teche Dr. on the east, Adams St. and Iberia St. on the north, Anderson and Second St. on the west, St. John, Willow, and Clark Sts. on the south.

The district includes Greek Revival, Stick/Eastlake, and Queen Anne architecture.

Stick style
The Stick style was a late-19th-century American architectural style, transitional between the Carpenter Gothic style of the mid-19th century, and the Queen Anne style that it had evolved into by the 1890s. It is named after its use of linear "stickwork" (overlay board strips) on the outside walls to mimic an exposed half-timbered frame.
2016 Arizona Wildcats football team
The 2016 Arizona Wildcats football team represented the University of Arizona in the 2016 season. The season was the Wildcats's 117th overall, 39th as a member of the Pac-12 Conference, and its sixth within the Pac-12 South Division. The team played their home games at Arizona Stadium in Tucson, Arizona for the 88th straight year. They were led by fifth-year head coach Rich Rodriguez. They finished the season 3–9, 1–8 in Pac-12 play to finish in last place in the South Division.

Casino Del Sol Stadium
Casino Del Sol Stadium (formerly Arizona Stadium until 2025) is an outdoor college football stadium in the southwestern United States, located on the campus of the University of Arizona in Tucson, Arizona. It is the home field of the Arizona Wildcats of the Big 12 Conference.  On November 17, 2025, The University of Arizona announced a 20 year naming rights deal with the Pascua Yaqui Tribe, with the venue now being called Casino Del Sol Stadium.  It opened under the name Arizona Stadium on October 12, 1929, at a cost of $166,888.

Originally constructed in 1929 to hold 7,000 spectators, the stadium's seating capacity has been expanded numerous times since. As of 2022, the stadium has a total capacity of 50,800. The facility also includes the offices of the Wildcat football program, as well as some non-athletic academic offices, including the Steward Observatory Mirror Lab.
Dutch Treat
Dutch Treat is a 1987 action comedy film co-starring and written by David Landsberg and Lorin Dreyfuss for The Cannon Group.

The film focuses on two American knife throwers. In Amsterdam, they meet a talented female band, and convince its members that they are working for a record company. The Americans return to Los Angeles, where they are visited by the band. The duo try to help the band secure an actual contract with the record company.

The Cannon Group, Inc.
The Cannon Group, Inc. was an American group of companies, including Cannon Films, which produced films from 1967 to 1994. The extensive group also owned, amongst others, a large international cinema chain and a video film company that invested heavily in the video market, buying the international video rights to several classic film libraries. The Cannon catalogue encompasses a wide range of different genres. Cannon Films is known for its highly successful 1980s action B movies, such as Missing in Action (1984), American Ninja (1985), and Bloodsport (1988). It also produced the Oscar-nominated films Joe (1970), Runaway Train (1985) and Street Smart (1987).
Gentile Zanardi
Gentile Zanardi (late 17th century) was an Italian painter, active in the Baroque period in Bologna.

Zanardi was a disciple of Marcantonio Franceschini. Giovanni Paolo Zanardi (active 1658–1669) was Gentile's brother. Her father Giulio (1639–1694) was also a Bolognese painter. She married Sebastiano Monci, a quadratura painter who had been a pupil of Agostino Metelli Senior.

Illusionistic ceiling painting
Illusionistic ceiling painting, which includes the techniques of perspective di sotto in sù and quadratura, is the tradition in Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo art in which trompe-l'œil, perspective tools such as foreshortening, and other spatial effects are used to create the illusion of three-dimensional space on an otherwise two-dimensional or mostly flat ceiling surface above the viewer. It is frequently used to create the illusion of an open sky, such as with the oculus in Andrea Mantegna's Camera degli Sposi, or the illusion of an architectural space such as the cupola, one of Andrea Pozzo's frescoes in Sant'Ignazio, Rome. Illusionistic ceiling painting belongs to the general class of illusionism in art, designed to create accurate representations of reality, as well as the general class of painted ceilings.
Hermann Mögling
Hermann Friedrich Mögling (1811–1881), also spelt Herrmann Friedrich Moegling, was a German missionary from the Basel Mission who spent most of his career in the western regions of the state of Karnataka, India. He is credited as the publisher of the first ever newspaper in the Kannada language called as Mangalooru Samachara in 1843. He was awarded a doctorate for his literary work in Kannada called as Bibliotheca Carnataca. He also translated Kannada literature into German. Mögling is acknowledged by Kannada writers and linguists as the first modern Kannada writer, as he produced nearly 36 literary works, considered to be ground-breaking and exceptional Kannada literature, in a short period of 20 years.

He was the founder-principal of BEM Theological Seminary, later renamed as Karnataka Theological College. He and his wife Pauline(Nee Bacmeister) laid the foundations for the Evangelical parish and Anandapur, a village made out of jungle in the interior of Karnataka.

Kodagu district
Kodagu district (Kodava: [koɖɐɡɨ, -ʋɨ], also known by its former name Coorg, Kodava: koḍagï, koḍavï) is an administrative district in the Karnataka state of India. Before 1956, it was an administratively separate Coorg State at which point it was merged into an enlarged Mysore State.
Hellenica
Hellenica (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνικά) simply means writings on Greek (Hellenic) subjects. Several histories of the 4th-century BC Greece have borne the conventional Latin title Hellenica, of which very few survive. The most notable of the surviving histories is the Hellenica of the Ancient Greek writer Xenophon (also known as Hellenika, or A History of My Times).

The work was intended as a continuation of Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War, which was left unfinished and ends abruptly in the year 411 BC. Xenophon's Hellenica covers the years 411-362 BC, through the end of the Peloponnesian War and its aftermath.

Hellenica is usually considered to be a difficult work for modern audiences to understand, as Xenophon often assumed his reader's knowledge of events.

Ten Thousand
The Ten Thousand (Ancient Greek: οἱ Μύριοι, hoi Myrioi) were a force of mercenary units, mainly Greeks, employed by Cyrus the Younger to attempt to wrest the throne of the Persian Empire from his brother, Artaxerxes II. Their march to the Battle of Cunaxa and back to Greece (401–399 BC) was recorded by Xenophon, one of their leaders, in his work Anabasis.
Virginia Civil Procedure
Virginia civil procedure is the body of law that sets out the rules and standards that Virginia courts follow when adjudicating civil lawsuits (as opposed to procedures in criminal law matters). Professor W. Hamilton Bryson is the preeminent master and legal scholar on Virginia Civil Procedure. Many commentators particularly equate him with the "scholars and lords chancellors of old."

Supreme Court of Virginia
The Supreme Court of Virginia is the highest court in the Commonwealth of Virginia.  It primarily hears direct appeals in civil cases from the trial-level city and county circuit courts, as well as the criminal law, family law and administrative law cases that are initially appealed to the Court of Appeals of Virginia. Established in 1779 as the Supreme Court of Appeals, the Supreme Court of Virginia is one of the oldest continuously active judicial bodies in the United States.
Indefinite inner product space
In mathematics, in the field of functional analysis, an indefinite inner product space

is an infinite-dimensional complex vector space  equipped with both an indefinite inner product

and a positive semi-definite inner product

where the metric operator  is an endomorphism of  obeying

The indefinite inner product space itself is not necessarily a Hilbert space; but the existence of a positive semi-definite inner product on  implies that one can form a quotient space on which there is a positive definite inner product.  Given a strong enough topology on this quotient space, it has the structure of a Hilbert space, and many objects of interest in typical applications fall into this quotient space.

An indefinite inner product space is called a Krein space (or -space) if  is positive definite and  possesses a majorant topology.  Krein spaces are named in honor of the Soviet mathematician Mark Grigorievich Krein.

Linear subspace
In mathematics, and more specifically in linear algebra, a linear subspace or vector subspace is a vector space that is a subset of some larger vector space. A linear subspace is usually simply called a subspace when the context serves to distinguish it from other types of subspaces.