hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Portulacineae
Portulacineae is a suborder of flowering plants in the order Caryophyllales comprising the families Anacampserotaceae, Basellaceae, Cactaceae (cacti), Didiereaceae, Halophytaceae, Montiaceae, Portulacaceae, and Talinaceae.  All three major kinds of succulent plant — stem succulents, leaf succulents, and caudiciform plants — are represented within this suborder. Today, there were only four families including: Basellaceae, Cactaceae, Didiereaceae, and Portulacaceae.

Halophytum
Halophytum ameghinoi is a species of herbaceous plant endemic to Patagonia. It is the only species in the genus Halophytum. It is a succulent annual plant, with simple, fleshy, alternate leaves. The plants are monoecious, with solitary female flowers and inflorescences of male flowers on the same plant .

Halophytum has sometimes been placed in its own family, Halophytaceae. For instance, the 2009 APG III system and the 2003 APG II system recognise the  family and assign it to the order Caryophyllales in the clade core eudicots, although the 1998 APG system did not recognise such a family, placing its members in the family Chenopodiaceae instead.
Asp (snake)
Asp is the modern anglicisation of the word "aspis", which in antiquity referred to any one of several venomous snake species found in the Nile region. The specific epithet, aspis, is a Greek word that means "viper". It is believed that aspis referred to what is now known as the Egyptian cobra.

Venomous snake
Venomous snakes are species of the suborder Serpentes that are capable of producing venom, which they use for killing prey, for defense, and to assist with digestion of their prey. The venom is typically delivered by injection using hollow or grooved fangs, although some venomous snakes lack well-developed fangs. Common venomous snakes include the families Elapidae, Viperidae, Atractaspididae, and some of the Colubridae. The toxicity of venom is mainly indicated by murine LD50, while multiple factors are considered to judge the potential danger to humans. Other important factors for risk assessment include the likelihood that a snake will bite, the quantity of venom delivered with the bite, the efficiency of the delivery mechanism, and the location of a bite on the body of the victim. Snake venom may have both neurotoxic and hemotoxic properties. There are about 600 venomous snake species in the world.
Joseph D. Ward
Joseph D. Ward (March 26, 1914 – May 10, 2003) was an American politician who served as Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth from January 1959 to January 1961.

Ward was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1948, representing the 13th Worcester District. He was a candidate for Massachusetts Attorney General in 1956, but lost to Edward J. McCormack Jr. in the Democratic primary. Ward was appointed Secretary of the Commonwealth following the death of Edward J. Cronin. In 1960, Ward ran for Governor of Massachusetts. He defeated Endicott Peabody, Francis E. Kelly, Robert F. Murphy, John Francis Kennedy, Gabriel Piemonte, and Alfred Magaletta in the primary, but lost to John A. Volpe in the general election. He was elected to the Massachusetts Senate in 1962 and remained there until his retirement from politics in 1972.

Ward also spent 12 years as a professor of political law at Boston University.

Edward J. McCormack Jr.
Edward Joseph McCormack Jr. (August 29, 1923 – February 27, 1997), was an American attorney and politician from Massachusetts. He was most notable for serving as Massachusetts Attorney General from 1959 through 1963.
Cadmium oxalate
Cadmium oxalate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CdC2O4. It can be produced by reacting potassium oxalate and cadmium nitrate. Its thermal decomposition in air produces cadmium oxide, while metallic cadmium will be formed instead under vacuum. It reacts with chalcogens in ethylenediamine to form the corresponding cadmium chalcogenide:

CdC2O4 + E → CdE + 2 CO2↑ (E = S, Se, Te)

Cadmium nitrate
Cadmium nitrate describes any of the related members of a family of inorganic compounds with the general formula Cd(NO3)2·xH2O. The most commonly encountered form being the tetrahydrate.The anhydrous form is volatile, but the others are colourless crystalline solids that are deliquescent, tending to absorb enough moisture from the air to form an aqueous solution.  Like other cadmium compounds, cadmium nitrate is known to be carcinogenic.  According to X-ray crystallography, the tetrahydrate features octahedral Cd2+ centers bound to six oxygen ligands.
Random-access Turing machine
In computational complexity, a field of theoretical computer science, random-access Turing machines extend the functionality of conventional Turing machines by introducing the capability for random access to memory positions. The inherent ability of RATMs to access any memory cell in a constant amount of time significantly decreases the computation time required for problems where data size and access speed are critical factors. As conventional Turing machines can only access data sequentially, the capabilities of RATMs are more closely related to the memory access patterns of modern computing systems and provide a more realistic framework for analyzing algorithms that handle the complexities of large-scale data.

Theoretical computer science
Theoretical computer science is a subfield of computer science and mathematics that focuses on the abstract and mathematical foundations of computation.

It is difficult to circumscribe the theoretical areas precisely. The ACM's Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory (SIGACT) provides the following description:

TCS covers a wide variety of topics including algorithms, data structures, computational complexity, parallel and distributed computation, probabilistic computation, quantum computation, automata theory, information theory, cryptography, program semantics and verification, algorithmic game theory, machine learning, computational biology, computational economics, computational geometry, and computational number theory and algebra. Work in this field is often distinguished by its emphasis on mathematical technique and rigor.
Jaisay Aapki Marzi
Jaisay Aapki Marzi (Urdu: جیسے آپ کی مرضی, lit. 'As you wish') is a Pakistani drama series that premiered on ARY Digital on 23 August in 2023. Directed by Saba Hameed and written by Naila Zehra Jafri, it is a production of Six Sigma Plus Production. It stars Durefishan Saleem and Mikaal Zulfiqar as leads along with Hira Umer, Kiran Malik, Huma Hameed, and Ali Tahir in major supporting roles.

Pakistani dramas
Pakistani dramas, or Pakistani serials, are televised serials produced in Pakistan. Although most of the serials are produced in Urdu, an increasing number are produced in other Pakistani languages such as Sindhi, Pashto, Punjabi and Balochi. One of Pakistan's oldest television dramas is the Urdu serial Khuda Ki Basti, which aired in 1969. Pakistani dramas, like serials elsewhere, reflect the country's culture. According to critics, the decades of 1970s and 1980s are considered to be the golden age of Pakistani serials.

In 2016, a Dawn News report estimated that the five major entertainment channels combined produce around 80 dramas every year, with an average of 16 dramas per channel.

They have helped to attract viewers nationwide to television. The serials are widely popular in South Asian countries, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal.
History of the HCMC Metro
The history of the Ho Chi Minh City Metro (HCMC Metro) includes early plans for the Ho Chi Minh City Metro which ultimately did not go ahead. The current plans which began construction in 2012 is an evolution of the earlier proposals.

Bình Chánh district
Bình Chánh is a former rural district (huyện) in the southwest of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. High urbanization rate has made Bình Chánh become one of a high population growth districts in the city. As of 2019, the district had a population of 705,508. It covers an area of 253 km2. The district capital lies at Tân Túc.

Bình Chánh district borders District 7, District 8, Bình Tân district, Hóc Môn District and Nhà Bè District.
Charles W. Sexton
Charles W. Sexton (March 7, 1953 – January 11, 1991) was a petty officer first class in the United States Coast Guard, who was awarded posthumously awarded the Coast Guard Medal for "extraordinary heroism."

Fishing trawler
A fishing trawler is a commercial fishing vessel designed to operate fishing trawls. Trawling is a method of fishing that involves actively dragging or pulling a trawl through the water behind one or more trawlers. Trawls are fishing nets that are pulled along the bottom of the sea or in midwater at a specified depth. A trawler may also operate two or more trawl nets simultaneously (double-rig and multi-rig).

There are many variants of trawling gear. They vary according to local traditions, bottom conditions, and how large and powerful the trawling boats are. A trawling boat can be a small open boat with only 30 horsepower (22 kW) or a large factory ship with 10,000 horsepower (7457 kW). Trawl variants include beam trawls, large-opening midwater trawls, and large bottom trawls, such as "rock hoppers" that are rigged with heavy rubber wheels that let the net crawl over rocky bottom.
Hasanabad-e Tang Sorkh
Hasanabad-e Tang Sorkh (Persian: حسن ابادتنگ سرخ, also Romanized as Ḩasanābād-e Tang Sorkh; also known as Ḩasanābād) is a village in Sarrud-e Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 31, in 8 families.

Sarrud-e Jonubi Rural District
Sarrud-e Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان سررود جنوبي) is in the Central District of Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Aliabad-e Sartol. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Tall Khosrow.
Voice (An Acoustic Collection)
Voice (An Acoustic Collection) is a 2010 acoustic album from Delerium's past singles and tracks from previous albums.

The album also includes three new tracks: "Send Me An Angel", "Too Late, Farewell" and "Vienna".

"Voice" was also released as an EP included for free and exclusively with the Sonic Seducer magazine issue 10 of 2010 in Germany.

Semantic Spaces
Semantic Spaces is the seventh studio album by Canadian industrial/electronic music group Delerium in 1994. Guest musicians on the album include Greg Reely and Kristy Thirsk. Thirsk was dubbed "The Voice of Delerium" for providing vocals to "Flowers Become Screens", "Incantation", "Metamorphosis" and "Flatlands".
Causes of the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight
During the 1948 Palestine war in which the State of Israel was established, around 700,000 Palestinian Arabs, or 85% of the total population of the territory Israel captured, were expelled or fled from their homes. The causes of this mass displacement have been a matter of dispute, though today most scholars consider that the majority of Palestinians were directly expelled or else fled due to fear.

Causes of the exodus include direct expulsions by Israeli forces, destruction of Arab villages, psychological warfare including terrorism, dozens of massacres which caused many to flee out of fear, such as the widely publicized Deir Yassin massacre, crop burning, typhoid epidemics in some areas caused by  Israeli well-poisoning, and the collapse of Palestinian leadership including the demoralizing impact of wealthier classes fleeing. Many historians consider that the events of 1948 were an instance of ethnic cleansing.

Moshe Sharett
Moshe Sharett (Hebrew: משה שרת; born Moshe Chertok (משה שרתוק); 15 October 1894 – 7 July 1965) was an Israeli politician who was Prime Minister of Israel from 1954 to 1955 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1948 to 1956. He signed the Israeli Declaration of Independence and was a principal negotiator in the cease-fire agreements that concluded the 1948 Palestine war. Beginning in 1933, he headed the political department of the Jewish Agency. He also founded the Jewish Brigade, which fought with the British Army during World War II.

A member of Mapai, Sharett's term was both preceded and succeeded by the premiership of David Ben-Gurion.
Jangwani
Jangwani (Kata ya Jangawani, in Swahili)  is an administrative ward of the Ilala Municipical Council of  the Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania. The Upanga East and Upanga West wards border the ward on its northern side. The ward is bordered by Mchafukoge and Kisutu to the east. Mchikichini ward borders the ward to the west. The ward is bordered to the south by the Kariakoo ward. According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 17,647.

Ilala District, Dar es Salaam
Ilala District, officially the Ilala Municipal Council (Halimashauri ya Manispaaa ya Ilala, in Swahili) is one of five districts of the Dar es Salaam Region of Tanzania. The district is bordered to the north and northeast by Kinondoni District and Ubungo District, to the east by the Zanzibar Channel, the west by Pwani Region, and to the south by the Temeke District. It covers an area of 364.9 km2 (140.9 sq mi).  The district is comparable in size to the land area of U.S Virgin Islands.  The administrative seat is Mchafukoge. The 2022 National Tanzania Census states the population for Ilala as 1,649,912.
Yoro Department
Yoro is one of the 18 departments into which Honduras is divided. The department contains rich agricultural lands, concentrated mainly on the valley of the Aguan River and the Sula Valley, on opposite ends. The departmental capital is Yoro. The department covers a total surface area of 7,939 km2 and, in 2005, had an estimated population of 503,886 people. It is famous for the Lluvia de peces (rain of fishes), a tradition by which fish fall from the sky during very heavy rains.

Lluvia de peces
The lluvia de peces (lit. 'rain of fish'), also known as aguacero de pescado (lit. 'downpour of fish'), a form of rain of animals, is a phenomenon that has been occurring yearly for more than a century in Yoro, Honduras, in which fish are said to fall from the sky. It occurs up to four times in a year.  It has attracted the attention of scientists, as well as documentary coverage by the History Channel in the United States.
1999 Victorian local elections
The 1999 Victorian local elections were held on 20 March 1999 to elect a number of the councils of the 78 local government areas in Victoria, Australia.

Until 2008, local elections in Victoria were conducted periodically, meaning a number councils were not up for election in 1999.

The Victorian Greens had their first electoral victory, with David Risstrom elected in the City of Melbourne having won 9% of the primary vote in a proportional representation system.

2008 Victorian local elections
The 2008 Victorian local elections were held on 29 November 2008 to elect the councils of the 79 local government areas in Victoria, Australia.

As a result of changes to the Local Government Act 1989, local elections in Victoria were no longer conducted periodically, and all 79 LGAs voted at the same time.

The elections saw the first election victories for The Greens in Casey, Darebin, Glen Eira, Manningham, Queenscliffe and Surf Coast.

Labor Party-endorsed candidates ran in Maribyrnong, while former Liberal leader Robert Doyle was elected Lord Mayor of Melbourne on the Activate Melbourne ticket.
Transport in Dubai
The Roads and Transport Authority (RTA) was formed by the decree number 17 for the year 2005.

RTA is responsible for planning and providing the requirements of transport, roads & traffic in the Emirate of Dubai, and between Dubai and other Emirates of the UAE, neighboring countries in order to provide an effective & integrated transport system.

United Arab Emirates dirham
The Emirati dirham (symbol: ; currency code: AED; /ˈdɪər(h)əm/;) Arabic: درهم إماراتي, abbreviation: د.إ in Arabic, Dh; is the official currency of the United Arab Emirates. The dirham is subdivided into 100 fils (فلس). It is pegged to the United States dollar at a constant exchange rate of approximately 3.67 AED to 1 USD. In March 2025, the UAE Central Bank announced the creation of a Dirham currency symbol, , derived from the Latin letter D crossed with two horizontal lines.
Qurd ol Duran-e Ajam
Qurd ol Duran-e Ajam (Persian: قوردالدرن عجم, also Romanized as Qūrd ol Dūran-e ʿAjam; also known as Qūrd ol Dūran) is a village in Yowla Galdi Rural District, in the Central District of Showt County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 150, in 33 families.

Yowla Galdi Rural District
Yowla Galdi Rural District (Persian: دهستان يولاگلدئ) is in the Central District of Showt County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Azim Kandi. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Yowla Galdi, now a city.
MoreSunlight
MoreSunlight or Project Moresunlight is a proposal to advance Indian Standard Time by 30 minutes. According to the proposal of MoreSunlight, the current time of India, which is +530 UTC should be advance to +600 UTC. 
The project is a conception of many government officers, elected representatives, members of the scientific community in India and civil society organizations and ordinary citizens.

Indian Standard Time
Indian Standard Time (IST), sometimes also called India Standard Time, is the time zone observed throughout the Republic of India, with a time offset of UTC+05:30. India does not observe daylight saving time or other seasonal adjustments. In military and aviation time, IST is designated E* ("Echo-Star"). It is indicated as Asia/Kolkata in the IANA time zone database.
The Chronicles of Riddick (franchise)
The Chronicles of Riddick is an American science fiction-horror and action media franchise created by brothers Ken and Jim Wheat and later continued by writer-director David Twohy. It follows the adventures of antihero character Riddick (either portrayed or voiced by Vin Diesel) in the 28th century.

The film series began with the release of Pitch Black (2000), which was written by director Twohy and brothers Ken and Jim Wheat from a story by the latter brothers. Since then, Twohy has solely written and directed two sequels, The Chronicles of Riddick (2004) and Riddick (2013), and was involved in the development of the storyline of a number of the series' offshoots.

In addition to the feature films, The Chronicles of Riddick fictional universe includes an animated short film and several video games, motion comics, and novelizations. A fourth film, entitled Riddick: Furya, is in development.

The Chronicles of Riddick: Dark Fury
The Chronicles of Riddick: Dark Fury is a 2004 American anime-influenced adult animated science fiction short film, directed by Korean-American animator Peter Chung, and featuring Vin Diesel reprising his role as Richard B. Riddick. It acts as a bridgepoint between Pitch Black and The Chronicles of Riddick and explains why Riddick decides to go into hiding and deliver Jack and Imam Abu al-Walid to New Mecca.

The short film received mixed reviews.
USS Caron
USS Caron (DD-970) was a Spruance-class destroyer, named for Hospital Corpsman Third Class Wayne M. Caron (1946–1968), who was killed in action during the Vietnam War, and posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor.

Territorial waters
Territorial waters are informally an area of water where a sovereign state has jurisdiction, including internal waters, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone, and potentially the extended continental shelf (these components are sometimes collectively called the maritime zones). In a narrower sense, the term is often used as a synonym for the territorial sea.

Vessels have different rights and duties when passing through each area defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), one of the most ratified treaties. States cannot exercise their jurisdiction in waters beyond the exclusive economic zone, which are known as the high seas.
Brenham Municipal Airport
The Brenham Municipal Airport is an airport serving the city of Brenham and the greater Washington County area. The airport is owned and operated by the City of Brenham. There is a diner in the airport's terminal named Dreamliner Diner, though it has historically gone in and out of business and is currently closed.

Brenham, Texas
Brenham (/ˈbrɛnəm/ BREH-nəm) is a city in east-central Texas, United States, and the county seat of Washington County, with a population of 17,369 according to the 2020 U.S. census.

Brenham is also known for its annual German heritage festival that takes place each May called Maifest, similar to Volksfest. Numerous German immigrants settled here in the mid-19th century, following the revolutions in German states in 1848.
Avola, British Columbia
Avola is an unincorporated community in the Thompson region of eastern British Columbia. The former ferry site is on the west shore of the North Thompson River
immediately north of the mouth of Avola Creek. Off BC Highway 5, the locality is by road about 190 kilometres (118 mi) northeast of the Kamloops and 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Blue River.

Thompson Country
Thompson Country, also referred to as The Thompson and sometimes as the Thompson Valley and historically known as the Couteau Country or Couteau District, is a historic geographic region of the Southern Interior of British Columbia, more or less defined by the basin of the Thompson River. This is a tributary of the Fraser; the major city in the area is Kamloops.
AMSDOS
AMSDOS is a disk operating system for the 8-bit Amstrad CPC Computer (and various clones). The name is a contraction of Amstrad Disk
Operating System.

AMSDOS first appeared in 1984 on the CPC 464, with added 3 inch disk drive, and then on the CPC 664 and CPC 6128. Relatively fast and efficient for its time, AMSDOS was quicker and more effective than most of its contemporaries.

AMSDOS was provided built into ROM (either supplied with the external disk drive or in the machine ROM, depending on model) and was accessible through the built-in Locomotive BASIC as well as through firmware routines. Its main function was to map the cassette access routines (which were built into every CPC model) through to a disk drive. This enabled the majority of cassette-based programs to work with a disk drive with no modification. AMSDOS was able to support up to two connected disk drives.

Locomotive BASIC
Locomotive Basic is a proprietary dialect of the BASIC programming language written by Locomotive Software.

It was modified (many custom features to support the platform) for use on the Amstrad CPC as "Amstrad BASIC" (where it was built-in on ROM).

Later Locomotive BASIC-2 was produced for the IBM PC compatibles platform as a GEM application on the Amstrad PC1512 and 1640 and was a descendant of Mallard BASIC, the interpreter for CP/M supplied with the Amstrad PCW.

There are two published versions of Amstrad BASIC; 1.0 which only came with the CPC464 (and had a buggy DEC$ function), and 1.1 which corrected this and shipped with all other CPCs. BASIC 1.1 was also included in the Amstrad CPC Plus series machines, as part of the included game cartridge.