hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dudley Stamp
Sir Laurence Dudley Stamp, CBE, ((1898-03-09)9 March 1898 – (1966-08-08)8 August 1966), was professor of geography at Rangoon and London, and one of the internationally best known British geographers of the 20th century.

Educated at King's College London, he specialised in the study of geology and geography and taught at the universities of Rangoon (1923–26) and London (1926–45). From 1936 to 1944 he directed the compilation and publication of the report of the Land Utilisation Survey of Britain. He worked on many official enquiries into the use of land and planning.

He is considered one of the most famous British geographers of the twentieth century.

Geological Society of London
The Geological Society of London, known commonly as the Geological Society, is a learned society based in the United Kingdom. It is the oldest national geological society in the world and the largest in Europe, with more than 12,000 Fellows.

Fellows are entitled to the postnominal FGS (Fellow of the Geological Society), over 2,000 of whom are Chartered Geologists (CGeol). The Society is a registered charity, no. 210161
. It is also a member of the Science Council, and is licensed to award Chartered Scientist to qualifying members.

The mission of the society is: "Making geologists acquainted with each other, stimulating their zeal, inducing them to adopt one nomenclature, facilitating the communication of new facts and ascertaining what is known in their science and what remains to be discovered".
Woodcutts
Woodcutts is a hamlet within the parish of Sixpenny Handley and is located in the north of Dorset, near to the Wiltshire border.
Originally named "Woodcotes", in its present form the 18th century country estate still consists of the Manor House, the Manor Farm, a number of cottages, a school house and a chapel.

It lies within the Cranborne Chase an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The estate and much of the land and several of the properties were bought and amalgamated with the neighbouring Rushmore Estate by its owner Augustus Pitt Rivers, a noted archaeologist of the 19th century, for the purpose of doing archeological research. Woodcutts includes the site of a Romano-British settlement excavated in 1884-5 by Pitt Rivers.

The 1st Woodcutts Scouts group was founded in 1957 and provides activities for the young people of the area with Beavers, Cubs, Scouts and Explorer sections.

Sixpenny Handley
Sixpenny Handley /ˈsɪkspəni ˈhændli/ or Handley is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Sixpenny Handley and Pentridge, in north east Dorset, England, situated on Cranborne Chase ten miles (16 km) north east of Blandford Forum. In the 2011 census the parish had a population of 1,233. The civil parish was abolished on 1 April 2015 and merged with Pentridge to form Sixpenny Handley and Pentridge.
Barbara A. Hoffman
Barbara A. Hoffman (March 8, 1940 - June 20, 2021) was a member of the Maryland State Senate from 1983-2003. She was appointed to the State Senate by Governor Harry Hughes after Rosalie Silber Abrams left the seat to join the governor's administration. From 1995 to 2003, Hoffman served as chair of the Budget and Taxation Committee, the first woman to hold the position.

Hoffman was in the 42nd legislative district until 2003 when she was redistricted into the 41st district, where she lost the Democratic primary to State Delegate Lisa Gladden

Harry Hughes
Harry Roe Hughes (November 13, 1926 – March 13, 2019) was an American politician from Maryland. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from 1955 to 1959, a member of the Maryland Senate from 1959 to 1970, and the 57th Governor of Maryland  from 1979 to 1987.
Andrew Sarauer
Andrew Sarauer (born November 17, 1984) Canadian-Hungarian professional ice hockey winger (ice hockey Center) currently playing for Fehérvár AV19 of the ICE Hockey League (ICEHL). He has previously played in the American Hockey League (AHL) for the Lake Erie Monsters, Norfolk Admirals, Rockford IceHogs and Hershey Bears, as well as the ECHL for the Johnstown Chiefs, Reading Royals and Las Vegas Wranglers.

Reading Royals
The Reading Royals  are a professional ice hockey team that currently plays in the ECHL. The team participates in the North Division of the ECHL's Eastern Conference. The Royals play their home games at the Santander Arena located in downtown Reading, Pennsylvania.

Since 2001, the Royals have ranked among ECHL leaders in regular season attendance. On March 25, 2006, against the Trenton Titans, the Royals reached their one millionth fan in attendance. The Royals hosted two ECHL All-Star Games; one in 2005 and one in 2009. The Royals were the 2013 ECHL Kelly Cup champions. They earned the title with a five-game victory over the Stockton Thunder in the 2013 Kelly Cup Finals.
Big Apple Circus
The Big Apple Circus is a circus based in New York City. Opened in 1977, later becoming a nonprofit organization, it became a tourist attraction. The circus has been known for its community outreach programs, including Clown Care, as well as its humane treatment of animals. Big Apple Circus filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in November 2016 and exited bankruptcy in February 2017 after its assets were bought by Compass Partners. The Circus was renewed in October 2017 for its 40th anniversary season and returned to start a new season in October 2018 at Lincoln Center, receiving generally positive reviews.

Tightrope walking
Tightrope walking, also called funambulism, is the skill of walking along a thin wire or rope. It has a long tradition in various countries and is commonly associated with the circus. Other skills similar to tightrope walking include slack rope walking and slacklining.
Katsura Motozumi
Katsura Motozumi (桂 元澄; 1500 – 5 September 1569) was a Japanese samurai and commander of the Sengoku period. Motozumi was one of the most important retainers of the Mōri clan. He was also the castle lord in command of Sakurao Castle.

Saka Hirohide, who was related to Motosumi's father Katsura Hirozumi, rebelled against Mōri Motonari.  Hirohide was dissatisfied with Motonari's succession to the family headship, but the rebellion ended in failure . Later, Hirozumi took responsibility for the conflict and committed seppuku.
In the Battle of Miyajima, Motozumi succeeded as a decoy and lured Sue Harukata's army toward Itsukushima and so contributed to the victory of the Mōri clan.

Sue Harukata
Sue Harukata (陶 晴賢; 1521 – October 16, 1555) was a samurai who served as a senior retainer of the Ōuchi clan in the Sengoku period in Japan. He was the second son of Sue Okifusa, a senior retainer of the Ōuchi clan. His childhood name was Goro, and he previously had the name Takafusa (隆房).
History of the Galician language
The history of the Galician language can be summarized as seven centuries of normality and five centuries of conflict. From its origins when it separated from the Galician Latin in the 9th century until the introduction of Castilian in the 16th century there was peace, and from the 16th century until the present there were various conflicts.

Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao
Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao (30 January 1886 – 7 January 1950), commonly known as Castelao, was a Galician politician, writer, painter and doctor. He is one of the fathers of Galician nationalism, promoting Galician identity and culture, and was one of the main names behind the cultural movement Xeración Nós. He was also one of the founders and president of the Galicianist Party and had a great influence on the renovating group of Galician art known as Os renovadores. Castelao is considered to be the most important figure in Galician culture of the 20th century.
ReAwaken America Tour
The ReAwaken America Tour is an American far-right and Christian nationalist movement launched in 2021 by Oklahoma entrepreneur Clay Clark and former Donald Trump national security advisor Michael Flynn. Its rallies have promoted a variety of conspiracy theories, including COVID-19 misinformation, election denialism, QAnon and doomsday prophecies.

Trump National Doral Miami
Trump National Doral Miami, also known as Doral Resort and Spa, is a golf resort in Doral in South Florida in the United States. It was founded by real estate pioneer Alfred Kaskel in 1962, with the name "Doral" coming from an amalgamation of the first names of Kaskel and his wife, Doris. It currently has 72 holes of golf, and its signature course is the Blue Monster at Doral.
2021 Baltic Women's Cup
The 2021 Baltic Women's Cup was 21st Baltic Cup, is an international women's football tournament contested by the Baltic states. Originally scheduled to be held in the summer 2020, but the tournament was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and rescheduled for 10 to 13 June 2021.

Women's Baltic Cup
The Women's Baltic Cup is a women's association football tournament contested between the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, usually every year. They can also invite other teams to participate, such as the Faroe Islands. The tournament is the women's equivalent of the men's Baltic Cup.
2024 FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup – Women's tournament
The 2024 FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup – Women's tournament is the fourth edition of this continental championship. The event was held in San Juan, Puerto Rico for the second consecutive time. It was contested by 15 teams from all over the American continent.

United States are the defending champions.

Canada won their second title after beating United States in the final.

FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup
The FIBA 3x3 AmeriCup is a 3x3 basketball tournament held annually since 2021 which features teams from the FIBA Americas zone competing for the 3x3 zone championship. The tournament is organized by the International Basketball Federation (FIBA). The debut of the tournament was held in August 2021 in Miami, USA. The current AmeriCup champions are United States in the men's division and United States in the women's division.
Nathaniel Bliss
Nathaniel Bliss (28 November 1700 – 2 September 1764) was an English astronomer of the 18th century, serving as Britain's fourth Astronomer Royal between 1762 and 1764.

Bliss studied at Oxford University and later became the Savilian Professor of Geometry. He made important meridian observations of a comet and a solar eclipse visible from Greenwich, and many of his observations proved useful in solving the longitude problem, and were bought by the Board of Longitude after his death.

Astronomer Royal
Astronomer Royal is a senior post in the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. There are two officers, the senior being the Astronomer Royal dating from 22 June 1675; the junior is the Astronomer Royal for Scotland dating from 1834.

The Astronomer Royal works to make observations to improve navigation, cartography, instrument design, and applications of geomagnetism. The position was created with the overall goal of discovering a way to determine longitude at sea when out of sight of land. The incumbent Astronomer Royal is Professor Michele Dougherty.
Florence Court Yew
The Florence Court Yew is the surviving specimen of the two original Irish yew (Taxus baccata 'Fastigiata') seedlings. As such, it is the oldest Irish yew alive and it is believed that almost all Irish yews worldwide descend from this specimen. It is located in Florence Court demesne in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland and is cared for by the National Trust.

County Fermanagh
County Fermanagh (/fərˈmænə/, fər-MAN-ə; from Irish Fir Manach / Fear Manach, meaning 'men of Manach') is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland, one of the nine counties of Ulster and one of the traditional thirty-two counties of Ireland.

The county covers an area of 1,691 km2 (653 sq mi) and had a population of 63,585 as of 2021. Enniskillen is the county town and largest in both size and population.

Fermanagh is one of four counties of Northern Ireland to have a majority of its population from a Catholic background, according to the 2011 census.
OmegaT
OmegaT is a computer-assisted translation tool written in the Java programming language. It is free software originally developed by Keith Godfrey in 2000, and is currently developed by a team led by Aaron Madlon-Kay.

OmegaT is intended for professional translators. Its features include customisable segmentation using regular expressions, translation memory with fuzzy matching and match propagation, glossary matching, dictionary matching, translation memory and reference material searching, and inline spell-checking using Hunspell spelling dictionaries.

OmegaT runs on Linux, macOS, Microsoft Windows and Solaris, and requires Java 8. It is available in 27 languages.  According to a survey in 2010 among 458 professional translators, OmegaT is used 1/3 as much as Wordfast, Déjà Vu and MemoQ, and 1/8 as much as the market leader Trados.

Trados Studio
Trados Studio is a computer-assisted translation software tool for translation tasks such as editing, reviewing, and project management, including AI translation. It is owned and developed by RWS Group, a British translation software company.
Viacheslav Kryshtofovych
Viacheslav Syhyzmundovych Kryshtofovych (Ukrainian: В'ячеслав Сигизмундович Криштофович; 26 October 1947 – 6 December 2025) was a Ukrainian film director and actor, the recipient of the Honored Art Worker of Ukraine, Oleksandr Dovzhenko State Prize and the Order of Merit.

National Academy of Arts of Ukraine
The National Ukrainian Academy of Arts (Ukrainian: Національна академія мистецтв України, НАМ України, romanized: Natsionalna akademiia mystetstv Ukrainy, NAM Ukrainy) is a state scientific and artistic institution in the field of art, culture, and art history in Ukraine. The academy is one of the six state funded institutions along with the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine that was established in 1996 and obtained its National status in 2010. The membership to the academy is on an electoral basis for the distinguished specialists of professional artistry: theater and film directors, composers, painters, conductors, actors etc.
Cycling at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's team pursuit
These are the official results of the Men's 4.000m Team Pursuit at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, held on 23 and 24 July 1976. There were 64 participant from 16 nations. In the first round each team raced alone, with the first eight teams qualifying for the quarterfinals.

Cycling at the 1976 Summer Olympics
The cycling competition at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal consisted of two road cycling events and four track cycling events, all for men only.  The 2000m tandem event, contested at the previous 13 Games since 1908, was dropped from the Olympic cycling program.
Chichibu Railway Class DeKi 100
The Chichibu Railway Class DeKi 100 (秩父鉄道デキ100形電気機関車) is a Bo-Bo wheel arrangement DC electric locomotive type operated by the private railway operator Chichibu Railway in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, primarily on freight services, since 1951.

As of 1 April 2016, six (DeKi 102-105, 107-108) out of the original eight locomotives are in operation.

Bo-Bo
Bo-Bo (Commonwealth), Bo′Bo′ (UIC), or B-B (AAR) is a wheel arrangement classification for railway locomotives with four powered axles mounted in two bogies. Each bogie has two axles, both of which are powered. This configuration is one of the most common arrangements for modern electric and diesel locomotives.
Qods Mohajer-6
The Qods Mohajer-6 (Persian: پهپاد مهاجر-6, literally: "Immigrant Drone") is an Iranian single-engine multirole ISTAR UAV capable of carrying a multispectral surveillance payload and/or up to four precision-guided munitions.

The Mohajer-6 was unveiled in April 2016 and entered mass production in February 2018. As of February 2018, ten have been manufactured for the IRGC Ground Forces, and 40 are planned for the IRGC Navy. It complements the larger Shahed 129 operated by the IRGC Aerospace Force. The drone has also been delivered to the Iranian Army. In 2022, Iran provided multiple Mohajer-6 drones to Russia during Russo-Ukrainian war.

Qaem
The Qaem  (or Ghaem; Persian: قائم, lit. 'upright') refers to two completely distinct Iranian weapons: an air-to-ground glide bomb and a surface-to-air missile. These two weapons are similarly sized and identically named, and are both developed from the Toophan missile, but are separate weapon systems.
Energy in Kazakhstan
Energy in Kazakhstan describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Kazakhstan and the politics of Kazakhstan related to energy.

Kazakhstan, which has oil, gas, coal and uranium reserves, is a net energy exporter and a leading energy producer in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). It is a major producer of oil, gas, and coal, as well as being the largest producer and exporter of uranium ore in the world. Kazakhstan's oil and gas industry has been intensively developing after 1999. China is one of the biggest investors in Kazakhstan's oil and gas industry. Kazakhstan 2050 Strategy commits to 50% of energy consumption coming from renewable or alternative sources by 2050.

According to IEA  primary energy supply increased 29% and energy export 21% from 2004 to 2008 in Kazakhstan.

Central Asia–China gas pipeline
The Central Asia–China gas pipeline (known also as Turkmenistan–China gas pipeline) is a natural gas pipeline system from Central Asia to Xinjiang in the People's Republic of China. By connecting Turkmenistan to China's domestic grid, this pipeline makes it possible to transport gas some 7000 km from Turkmenistan to Shanghai. More than half of Turkmen natural gas exports are delivered to China through the pipeline.
Petra Olli
Petra Maarit Olli (born 5 June 1994) is a retired Finnish freestyle wrestler. She won the silver medal at the 2015 World Wrestling Championships in the Women's freestyle 58 kg-event. In March 2016 Olli won her first European Championship gold medal at the Senior-level in Riga, Latvia, defeating Oksana Herhel of Ukraine.

She was the first Finnish woman to win a World gold, defeating Danielle Lappage of Canada in the finals of the 2018 World Wrestling Championships in Budapest, Hungary.

Olli missed the 2019 World Wrestling Championships due to health problems. She retired from wrestling in 2020.

Danielle Lappage
Danielle Suzanne Lappage (born 24 September 1990) is a wrestler competing for Canada. She won a gold medal in the 63 kg freestyle at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. She finished in 5th place at the 2014 World Wrestling Championships.
Rushton Clinic
The Rushton Clinic is a historic medical office at 219 North Washington Street in Magnolia, Arkansas.  Built in 1938, it is an excellent local example of Art Moderne style.  It is a single-story structure, roughly U-shaped, with walls of buff brick and stone or cast concrete coping.  Glass blocks are used for accent on the corners and around the door.  It was built for Dr. Joe Rushton, who had recently graduated from medical school and sought to establish a practice in the city.  He practiced out of this building until his death in 1983.

The building was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 2013 for its architecture.

Magnolia, Arkansas
Magnolia, Arkansas is a city in Columbia County, Arkansas, United States, and serves as the county seat. Located in southwestern Arkansas, the city was founded in 1853 and initially developed as an agricultural market before experiencing economic growth following the discovery of oil in the region in 1938. As of the 2020 census, Magnolia had a population of 11,162. The city is home to Southern Arkansas University and hosts annual events such as the Magnolia Blossom Festival and the World Championship Steak Cookoff.
Friday Night Productions
Friday Night Productions (FNP) is an Indian entertainment company set up by Indian School of Business alumni Ravi Agnihotri, Abhishek Mohunta, Sandeep Goel and Pritika Idnani.

Friday Night Productions was set up to make thematic and content-driven movies, which the company's founders believed was missing in Bollywood productions. The first movie produced by the company in this genre is Buddha in a Traffic Jam to be released in 2016. Buddha in a Traffic Jam features National Film Awards winners Anupam Kher and Pallavi Joshi and also features Dev.D lead Mahi Gill and Yeh Saali Zindagi lead Arunoday Singh as Starcast.

Buddha in a Traffic Jam
Buddha in a Traffic Jam is a 2016 Indian political thriller film written and directed by Vivek Agnihotri. The film stars Anupam Kher, Arunoday Singh, Mahie Gill, and Pallavi Joshi, and explores themes of corruption, campus politics, and the influence of Maoism on academia.

The film premiered at the Mumbai International Film Festival in 2014 and was released theatrically across India on 13 May 2016. Upon release, it attracted attention and controversy for its political content, with screenings at several universities sparking protests and clashes. While praised by some for highlighting issues of left-wing extremism, it also received mixed to negative reviews from critics, who questioned its execution and ideological stance.
Iju, Ogun
Iju also known as Iju Oloko [idʒou ɔ:lɔkɔ], is a Nigerian town located in southern Ogun state and about 18 kilometers from Lagos state, a major commercial hub in West Africa. The town is inhabited mostly by Egba/Owu natives whose ancestors settled there between 1842 and 1845.

Gbalefa Peninsula
Gbalefa Peninsula is an area of land located south of Abeokuta and north of Lagos city. Gbalefa Peninsula was named after Akindele Gbalefa, the outstanding Owu warrior who led the Owu/Egba war against Ilobi, Ado-Odo and Dahomey.
Hayya, Sudan
Hayya (Arabic: هيا), also Haiya, is a village  in the Red Sea State of Sudan. Hayya sits at the point where the railways and the roads which come from Atbara and Kassala, meet, and continue towards Suakin and Port Sudan. It is also a junction station on the mainline of the Sudan railway network.

Port Sudan
Port Sudan (Arabic: بور سودان, romanized: Būr Sūdān, Beja: Bar'uut) is a major port city on the Red Sea in eastern Sudan, and the capital of Red Sea State. Port Sudan is Sudan's main seaport and the source of 90% of the country's international trade. The population of Port Sudan was estimated in the 2008 Census of Sudan to be 394,561 people.

Port Sudan has historically been a centre for commercial activity, particularly in the shipping industry.

From April 2023 to January 2026, the Sudanese government largely operated from Port Sudan as a result of intense fighting in the capital city Khartoum in the ongoing civil war, leading to it being described as a de facto capital of the country. Port Sudan also emerged as a refuge for internally displaced persons in Sudan.
Nisaean plain
The Nisaean plain (also spelled Nesaean; Greek: Nḗsaion pedíon) was a fertile plain in Media, a historic region in Iran. It was best known for being the home of the esteemed Nisaean horse. The plain may be identical with the Nisaya district mentioned in the Behistun Inscription of Darius the Great (r. 522–486 BC). However, Rüdiger Schmitt notes that this cannot be strictly proven. The name of the plain possibly survived into the Medieval era, as Yaqut al-Hamawi, writing in the 13th century, mentioned a town in Hamadan (ancient Ecbatana) with the name Nisa. The city of Nahavand is located on the Nisaean plain.

Ecbatana
Ecbatana (/ɛkˈbætənə/) was an ancient city, the capital of the Median kingdom, and the first capital in Iranian history. It later became the summer capital of the Achaemenid and Parthian empires. It was also an important city during the Seleucid and Sasanian empires. Ecbatana was located in the Zagros Mountains, the east of central Mesopotamia, on Hagmatana Hill (Tappe-ye Hagmatāna). Its strategic location and resources probably made it a popular site even before the 1st millennium BC. It is identified with the current city of Hamadan.