hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Washington's 18th legislative district
Washington's 18th legislative district is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature.

The district is located within Clark County, bordering the 20th district in the north, the 14th district in the east, and the 49th and 17th districts in the southwest.

The 18th district includes six of the seven incorporated cities in Clark County, including Ridgefield in the west, Battle Ground in the center, Camas and Washougal in the south, Vancouver in the southwest, and La Center and  Yacolt in the north. Additionally, the district represents the residents of unincorporated Clark County localities Salmon Creek, Brush Prairie,  Felida, and Hazel Dell.

This combination rural and suburban district is represented by state representatives Stephanie McClintock (position 1) and John Ley (position 2), as well as state senator Adrian Cortes; 2 are Republicans, while Cortes is a Democrat.

Washington's 49th legislative district
Washington's 49th legislative district is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature. The district is in Clark County and covers most of Vancouver, the state's fourth-largest city and a major suburb of Portland, Oregon, and portions of Ridgefield and Camas.

The district's legislators are state senator Annette Cleveland and state representatives Sharon Wylie (position 1) and Monica Stonier (position 2), all Democrats.
Medlog
Medlog (pronounced [ˈmeːdlɔk]) is a settlement in the City Municipality of Celje in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the western outskirts of Celje. The grass runway of Celje Airport is located in the western part of the settlement. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Celje
Celje (/ˈ(t)sɛljeɪ/ (T)SEL-yay; Slovene: [ˈtsɛ̀ːljɛ] ⓘ; German: Cilli [ˈtsɪli] ⓘ) is the third-largest city in Slovenia. It is a regional center of the traditional Slovenian region of Styria and the administrative seat of the City Municipality of Celje. The town is located below Upper Celje Castle at the confluence of the Savinja, Hudinja, Ložnica, and Voglajna rivers in the lower Savinja Valley, and at the crossing of the roads connecting Ljubljana, Maribor, Velenje, and the Central Sava Valley.
Stelato S9
The Stelato S9 (Chinese: 享界S9; pinyin: Xiǎngjiè S9) is a battery electric and range extender full-size luxury sedan and station wagon manufactured by BAIC BluePark under the Stelato brand in collaboration with HIMA, Huawei's multi-brand automotive alliance. A wagon variant called the Stelato S9T was first revealed in July 2025.

Full-size car
Full-size car, also known as large car, is a vehicle size class which originated in the United States and is used for cars larger than mid-size cars. It is the largest size class for cars. In the United Kingdom, this class is referred to as the executive car, while in Europe, it is known as E-segment or F-segment.
Gideon S. Ives
Gideon Sprague Ives (January 19, 1846 – December 20, 1927) was an American politician who served as Mayor of St. Peter, Minnesota, Minnesota State Senator and as the 11th Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota.

Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota
The lieutenant governor of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Fifty individuals have held the office of lieutenant governor since statehood. The incumbent is Peggy Flanagan, a DFLer and the first Native American elected to a statewide executive office in Minnesota's history.
Singlet fission
Singlet fission is a spin-allowed process in molecular photophysics that converts one singlet excited state into two triplet states. It occurs in molecular crystals, aggregates, disordered thin films, and covalently linked dimers, where chromophores align to enhance electronic coupling between the singlet and double triplet states. The process, faster than light emission (picoseconds or femtoseconds versus nanoseconds), achieves high efficiency by outcompeting slower decay pathways. Unlike intersystem crossing, singlet fission avoids spin flipping, coupling two triplets into an overall singlet. It could boost solar cell efficiencies in organic photovoltaics. In 2025, researchers integrated stable singlet fission molecules with silicon, potentially increasing solar cell efficiency by over 10% by generating two electron-hole pairs per high-energy photon.

Acene
In organic chemistry, the acenes or polyacenes are a class of organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons  made up of benzene (C6H6) rings which have been linearly fused. They follow the general molecular formula C4n+2H2n+4.

The larger representatives have potential interest in optoelectronic applications and are actively researched in chemistry and electrical engineering. Pentacene has been incorporated into organic field-effect transistors, reaching charge carrier mobilities as high as 5 cm2/Vs.

The first unsubstituted members are listed in the following table:

Hexacene is not stable in air, and dimerises upon isolation. Heptacene (and larger acenes) is very reactive and has only been isolated in a matrix. However, bis(trialkylsilylethynylated) versions of heptacene have been isolated as crystalline solids.
Shaukat Hameed Khan
Shaukat Hameed Khan (Urdu: شوکت حمید خان; born 4 September 1941) PP, PhD, FPAS, is a Pakistani optical physicist and a visiting professor of physics at the Comsats University in Islamabad. Khan is known for his understanding in spark gap and plasma-induced Lasers in ionized environment.

His career is mostly spent at the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission before taking professorship at the GIK Institute of Technology and Engineering and eventually becoming its rector. Besides teaching educating on physics, Khan is known for his strong public advocacy for scientific education in Pakistan and sustainable development through technology.

Laser rangefinder
A laser rangefinder, also known as a laser telemeter or laser distance meter, is a rangefinder that uses a laser beam to determine the distance to an object. The most common form of laser rangefinder operates on the time of flight principle by sending a laser pulse in a narrow beam towards the object and measuring the time taken by the pulse to be reflected off the target and returned to the sender. Due to the high speed of light, this technique is not appropriate for high precision sub-millimeter measurements, where triangulation and other techniques are often used instead. Laser rangefinders are sometimes classified as type of handheld scannerless lidar.
Jim Moran
James Patrick Moran Jr. (born May 16, 1945) is an American politician who served as the mayor of Alexandria, Virginia, from 1985 until 1990, and as the U.S. representative for Virginia's 8th congressional district, including the cities of Falls Church and Alexandria, all of Arlington County, and a portion of Fairfax County) from 1991 until 2015.

A member of the Democratic Party, Moran chaired the New Democrat Coalition from 1997 until 2001. He is of Irish descent and is the son of James Moran Sr., a former professional football player, and the brother of Brian Moran, former chairman of the Democratic Party of Virginia.

United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense
The House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense is a standing subcommittee within the United States House Committee on Appropriations. The United States House Committee on Appropriations has joint jurisdiction with the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations over all appropriations bills in the United States Congress. Each committee has 12 matching subcommittees, each of which is tasked with working on one of the twelve annual regular appropriations bills. This subcommittee has jurisdiction over the budget for the United States Department of Defense and United States Intelligence Community (Which includes the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) and Central Intelligence Agency.)

The subcommittee is currently Chaired by Republican Ken Calvert of California, and its Ranking Member is Democrat Betty McCollum of Minnesota.
Bridge over Fountain Creek (U.S. Route 24)
The Bridge over Fountain Creek which was built to bring U.S. Route 24 (US 24) over Fountain Creek, approximately 0.5 miles (0.80 km) north of Manitou Springs, Colorado, was built in 1932. It now carries US 24 Business (US 24 Bus.; Manitou Avenue). It is an open spandrel deck arch span. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

It was designed by engineer King Burghardt, who was "one of the Highway Department's most innovative bridge engineers". It is a 160-foot (49 m) reinforced concrete bridge. It "featured attractive rubble masonry retaining walls and lamposts at the approaches", but the lamposts have since been removed. Burghardt also designed the Red Cliff Bridge which carries US 24 in Red Cliff, Colorado, and Sevenmile Bridge, near Creede, Colorado, both of which are also listed on the National Register.

It was constructed by contractor Pueblo Bridge & Construction Co. at cost of $44,695 (equivalent to $8.1 million in 2023 dollars).

U.S. Route 24 in Colorado
U.S. Highway 24 (US 24) is a part of the United States Numbered Highway System that travels from Minturn, Colorado, to Clarkston, Michigan. In the U.S. state of Colorado, US 24 extends from Interstate 70 (I-70) and US 6 in Minturn east to the Kansas state line where it continues as US 24 concurrent with I-70.
Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus
Larkin Community Hospital (Formerly Palm Springs Campus) is a 247-bed acute care hospital located on a 15-acre campus in Hialeah, Florida.  Services include orthopedic surgery (hips, knees, shoulders), cardiac implants, pacemakers, interventional radiological procedures such as endovascular aneurysm repair of abdominal aortic aneuryisms (AAA). The hospital is also a designated Statutory Teaching hospital and Primary Stroke Center.

Teaching hospital
A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with medical schools.

Teaching hospitals use a residency program to educate qualified physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and pharmacists who are receiving training after attaining the degree of MD, DO, DPM, DDS, DMD, PharmD, BDS, BDent, MBBS, MBChB, or BMed. Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic practice medicine under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an attending physician or consultant. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education.
Queen of the Netherlands (ship)
Queen of the Netherlands is a Dutch trailing suction hopper dredger ship constructed in 1998. After lengthening in 2009, she was the largest and most powerful dredger in the world. The vessel has been used in high-profile salvage and dredging operations including the investigation into the Swissair Flight 111 crash and in the Port Phillip Channel Deepening Project. It has been called "the world's largest floating vacuum cleaner".

Trailing suction hopper dredger
A trailing suction hopper dredger (TSHD) is a type of ship capable of maintaining navigable waterways, deepening the maritime canals that are threatened to become silted, constructing new land elsewhere or replacing sand eroded by storms or wave action on the beaches. This is made possible by large, powerful pumps and engines able to suck sand, clay, silt and gravel.
Stanisław Masłowski
Stanisław Masłowski (Polish: [staˈɲiswaf masˈwɔfskʲi]; born Stanisław Stefan Zygmunt Ludgard Masłowski; 3 December 1853 – 31 May 1926) was a Polish painter of realistic style, the author of watercolor landscapes.

Zachęta – National Gallery of Art
The Zachęta – National Gallery of Art (Polish: Zachęta – Narodowa Galeria Sztuki) is a contemporary art museum in the center of Warsaw, Poland. The Gallery's chief purpose is to present and support Polish contemporary art and artists. With numerous temporary exhibitions of well-known foreign artists, the gallery has also established itself internationally.

The word "zachęta" means encouragement. The Zachęta Gallery takes its name from Towarzystwo Zachęty do Sztuk Pięknych (Society for the Encouragement of the Fine Arts), founded in Warsaw in 1860.
West Maka Ska, Minneapolis
West Maka Ska, formerly known as West Calhoun, is a neighborhood in the U.S. city of Minneapolis. The neighborhood was generally rural with a couple grain silos along the railroad track heading into Downtown Minneapolis until about the 1910s. Although the railroad still runs through the neighborhood, the neighborhood is now mainly homes, apartment buildings, and strip malls.

West Maka Ska is the southwestern-most neighborhood of the Bde Maka Ska-Isles community in the western part of the city. It is in Ward 7, represented by council member Katie Cashman.

The neighborhood is bordered on the east by East Bde Maka Ska, the north by Cedar-Isles-Dean, the south by Linden Hills and the west by the city of St. Louis Park. Its boundaries are Lake Street to the north, Bde Maka Ska to the east, 36th Street to the south, and France Avenue to the west.

Linden Hills, Minneapolis
Linden Hills is a neighborhood in the Southwest community of Minneapolis on a hill overlooking Lake Harriet. It was one of the last areas to be developed in the City of Minneapolis. It is bordered to the north by Bde Maka Ska and West 36th Street, to the east by Lake Harriet and William Berry Parkway, to the south by West 47th Street, and to the west by France Avenue. Southwest High School is located at the southern edge of the neighborhood on West 47th Street between Abbott and Chowen Avenues. The neighborhood is named for the linden trees and rolling hills found in the area.

The majority of Linden Hills is in ward 13, though parts of the Minikahda Club golf course within Linden Hills rest in Ward 7. It is also within state legislative district 61B.

According to the 2000 U.S. Census, there were 7,370 people in the neighborhood, of whom 94% were white, 1% were black, 0.5% were Native American, 2% were Asian American/Pacific Islander, and 2.5% were other/two or more races.
Realm Royale
Realm Royale was a free-to-play third-person shooter battle royale game developed by Heroic Leap Games and published by Hi-Rez Studios. The game featured multiple character classes each with unique abilities. It is a spin-off of the hero shooter Paladins, where it originated as a game mode known as "Battlegrounds".

The game was released for Microsoft Windows via Steam's early access program in June 2018, with versions for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One released two months later. Realm Royale entered open beta on PS4 and Xbox One on January 22, 2019. On May 24, 2019, the game entered closed beta on Nintendo Switch and went into open beta on June 20, 2019. On August 22, 2022, the game was updated as Realm Royale Reforged, marking the first update to the game since February 2020. On October 18, 2024, Hi-Rez Studios subsidiary Evil Mojo Games, through a post on Steam, announced that the game's servers would be shut down on February 17, 2025.

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
Bart the Daredevil
"Bart the Daredevil" is the eighth episode of the second season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on December 6, 1990. In the episode, Bart decides he wants to become a daredevil after watching famous stunt performer Lance Murdock at a monster truck rally.

The episode was written by Jay Kogen and Wallace Wolodarsky and directed by Wes Archer. Series creator Matt Groening called the episode his favorite of the series, and it is also considered among the series' best by several critics.

The Simpsons episode guides
Five official episode guides for the American animated sitcom The Simpsons have been published by HarperCollins since 1997. The first guide covers seasons 1 to 8, while the following three cover seasons 9 to 14 (two seasons each). The fifth was released in 2010 and covers seasons 1 to 20.
Mark Parkinson
Mark Vincent Parkinson (born June 24, 1957) is an American businessman and former politician serving as head of the American Health Care Association (AHCA) and National Center for Assisted Living (NCAL). He served as the 47th lieutenant governor of Kansas from 2007 to 2009 and the 45th governor of Kansas from 2009 until 2011. He was also a state legislator.

Lieutenant Governor of Kansas
The lieutenant governor of Kansas is the second-ranking member of the executive branch of Kansas state government. The lieutenant governor is elected on a ticket with the governor for a four-year term. The lieutenant governor succeeds to the office of governor if the office becomes vacant, and also serves as acting governor if the governor is incapacitated or absent from the state.
Portuguese Empire in the Indonesian Archipelago
The Portuguese were the first Europeans to establish a colonial presence in the Indonesian archipelago. Their quest to dominate the source of the spices that sustained the lucrative spice trade in the early 16th century, along with missionary efforts by Catholic orders, saw the establishment of trading posts and forts, and left behind a Portuguese cultural element that remains in modern-day Indonesia.

Portuguese Malacca
Portuguese control of Malacca—a city on the Malay Peninsula—spanned a 130 year period from 1511 to 1641 as a possession of the Portuguese East Indies. It was captured from the Malacca Sultanate as part of Portuguese attempts to gain control of trade in the region. Although multiple attempts to conquer it were repulsed, the city was eventually lost to an alliance of Dutch and regional forces, thus beginning a period of Dutch rule.
Cyclemys
Cyclemys is a genus of freshwater turtles, commonly referred to as Asian leaf turtles, from the family Geoemydidae. The genus occurs throughout Southeast and South Asia, and currently contains seven species.

Asian leaf turtles average 25 cm (9.8 in) in length. They are mostly brown to greenish in color, with round to rectangular shells. Their carapaces bear a superficial resemblance to plant leaves, hence their common name. They can be found around shallow, slow-moving bodies of water in hilly forests. Adults are primarily terrestrial, though juveniles are more aquatic.

Geoemyda
Geoemyda is a genus of freshwater turtles in the family Geoemydidae (formerly Bataguridae). It contains two species:

Ryukyu black-breasted leaf turtle, Geoemyda japonica

Black-breasted leaf turtle, Geoemyda spengleri

Geoemyda was used as a "wastebin taxon" in former times, uniting a number of distinct lineages of forest turtles from East and Southeast Asia. These are now regarded as distinct and placed in the genera Heosemys, Leucocephalon, Melanochelys, Siebenrockiella (including Panayanemys), and Vijayachelys.
Australian red ensign
The Australian red ensign is the civil ensign of Australia, the flag of nationality flown by Australian registered ships. It is a red version of the national flag, which is mainly blue. Both flags resulted from the Commonwealth Government's 1901 Federal Flag Design Competition which required two entries: an ensign for Commonwealth Government use and another for the merchant navy. The winning design for the merchant ensign was based on the traditional British red ensign and featured the Southern Cross and Commonwealth Star.

Civil ensign
A civil ensign is an ensign (maritime flag) used by civilian vessels to denote their nationality. It can be the same or different from the state ensign and the naval ensign (or war ensign). It is also known as the merchant ensign or merchant flag. Some countries have special civil ensigns for yachts, and even for specific yacht clubs, known as yacht ensigns.

Most countries have only one national flag and ensign for all purposes. In other countries, a distinction is made between the land flag and the civil, state and naval ensigns. The British ensigns, for example, differ from the flag used on land (the Union Flag) and have different versions of plain and defaced Red and Blue ensigns for civilian and state use, as well as the naval ensign (White Ensign) that can also be used by yachts of the Royal Yacht Squadron.
Marilyn Ramos
Marilyn Ramos (born 16 February 1991) is a South African designer, model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss South Africa 2012, becoming the official representative of her country to Miss Universe 2013 and Miss World 2013. Ramos represented South Africa at Miss World 2013 and Miss Universe 2013, failing to place in both competitions. She entered the pageant twice before she emerged the winner. She also held the title for the longest in SA pageant history- 16 months until she has crowned Rolene Strauss on 30 March 2014 as her successor.

Rolene Strauss
Rolene Strauss (born 22 April 1992) is a South African beauty queen who won Miss South Africa 2014 and was later crowned Miss World 2014. She is the third South African woman to be crowned Miss World, after Penelope Anne Coelen in 1958 and Anneline Kriel in 1974, as well as the first since the end of Apartheid.

Strauss is currently the chairperson of the non-profit organisation The Strauss Foundation.
Historiography of the Spanish Inquisition
How historians and commentators have viewed the Spanish Inquisition has changed over time and continues to be a source of controversy. Before and during the 19th century, historical interest focused on who was being persecuted. In the early and mid-20th century, historians examined the specifics of what happened and how it influenced Spanish history. In the later 20th and 21st centuries, some historians have re-examined how severe the Inquisition truly was, calling into question some of the assumptions made in earlier periods.

Toby Green
Toby Green FBA is a British historian of inequality. He is also a professor of Precolonial and Lusophone African History and Culture at King's College, London. He obtained his Doctor of Philosophy in African studies at the University of Birmingham. He is chair of the Fontes Historiae Africanae (Sources of African History) Committee of the British Academy, and has extensively published about African early modern history and colonial African slavery, mainly focused on the Atlantic slave trade in West Africa. Green's work has been funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council, the British Library, the European Union, and the Leverhulme Trust. In 2017, he was awarded the prestigious Philip Leverhulme Prize for History. His work on the history of African and global inequalities has been translated into more than ten languages.

Green was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 2024.