hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gmina Puszcza Mariańska
Gmina Puszcza Mariańska is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Żyrardów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Puszcza Mariańska, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Żyrardów and 52 km (32 mi) south-west of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 142.41 square kilometres (55.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 8,411.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Bolimów Landscape Park.

Żyrardów County
Żyrardów County (Polish: powiat żyrardowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Żyrardów, which lies 43 kilometres (27 mi) south-west of Warsaw. The only other town in the county is Mszczonów, lying 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Żyrardów.

The county covers an area of 532.63 square kilometres (205.6 sq mi). As of 2022 its total population is 75,414, out of which the population of Żyrardów is 38,784, that of Mszczonów is 6,159, that of Wiskitki is 1,421, and the rural population is 29,050.
USS Batfish (SSN-681)
USS Batfish (SSN-681), was a nuclear-powered attack submarine of the United States Navy. She was the eleventh Sturgeon-class submarine launched. Her primary missions were anti-submarine warfare, intelligence gathering, and screening carrier battle groups. She was launched in 1971 and decommissioned in 1999.

Charleston Naval Shipyard
Charleston Naval Shipyard (formerly known as the Charleston Navy Yard) was a U.S. Navy ship building and repair facility located along the west bank of the Cooper River, in North Charleston, South Carolina and part of Naval Base Charleston.
Cephalotes simillimus
Cephalotes simillimus is a species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head, and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they're on. Giving their name also as gliding ants.

Cephalotes
Cephalotes is a genus of tree-dwelling ant species from the Americas, commonly known as turtle ants. All appear to be gliding ants, with the ability to "parachute" and steer their fall so as to land back on the tree trunk rather than fall to the ground, which is often flooded.
Myungshin University
Myungshin University (Korean: 명신대학교) was a university located in Suncheon, Jeollanam-do, South Korea. It was shut down by the Korean government in 2011 following "serious corruption and irregularities"

Suncheon
Suncheon (Korean: 순천; Korean pronunciation: [sʰun.tɕʰʌn]) is the largest city in South Jeolla Province, South Korea, with a population of 280,719 as of 2022. It is located in the southeast of the province and is a scenic agricultural and industrial city, known for tourist attractions, such as Suncheon Bay. The port city of Yeosu is around forty minutes south of Suncheon and Gwangyang twenty minutes to the east of the city.

It is currently experiencing strong development due to being included as part of the Gwangyang Bay Free Economic Zone, one of three newly created Free Economic Zones (FEZs) in South Korea due to open within the next decade. As of October 14, 2007 plans are being set up and a referendum is being planned for a merging of the cities of Yeosu, Suncheon and Gwangyang into a new metropolitan city, taking advantage of the Gwangyang Bay Free Economic Zone, Yeosu's Expo 2012 bid and port facilities, Suncheon's educational institutes and Gwangyang's POSCO plant.
Mexico City Metrobús Line 6
The Mexico City Metrobús Line 6 is a bus rapid transit line in the Mexico City Metrobus. It operates between El Rosario in the municipality of Azcapotzalco, in northern Mexico City, and Villa de Aragón in Gustavo A. Madero, in the eastern limits of the city with the municipality of Ecatepec de Morelos in the State of Mexico, Mexico.

Line 6 has a total of 37 stations and a length of 20 kilometers (12.4 mi), which runs from northwestern to eastern Mexico City.

Construction of Line 6 started on August 6, 2014 and it was inaugurated on January 21, 2016 by Miguel Ángel Mancera, Head of Government of the Federal District from 2012 to 2018.

Mexico City Metrobús
The Mexico City Metrobús (former official name Sistema de Corredores de Transporte Público de Pasajeros del Distrito Federal), simply known as Metrobús, is a bus rapid transit (BRT) system that has served Mexico City since line 1 opened on 19 June 2005. As of February 2018, it consists of seven lines that cross the city and connects with other forms of transit, such as the Mexico City Metro. The most recent line to open was line 7, running for the first time double-decker buses along the city's iconic boulevard, Paseo de la Reforma.

In 2016, Metrobús carried on average 1,152,603 passengers on weekdays.
Opinion polling for the next Ukrainian presidential election
In the run up to the next Ukrainian presidential election, various organisations carried out opinion polling to gauge voting intention in Ukraine. The results of such polls are displayed in this article. The date range for these polls is from the 2019 Ukrainian presidential election to the present day.

Next Ukrainian presidential election
Presidential elections were scheduled to be held in Ukraine in March or April 2024. However, as martial law has been in effect since 24 February 2022 in response to the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, no elections were held because Ukrainian law does not allow presidential elections to be held when martial law is in effect. Martial law has been extended in 90-day intervals since the full-scale invasion with parliament's approval, and has most recently (as of February 2026) been extended for the 18th time until 4 May 2026.

On 25 September 2025, Zelenskyy stated in an interview with Axios that he was "ready" to not run again after the war's conclusion. On 15 December 2025, Zelenskyy said in an interview with ZDF that he would run if the next election was held during the war, but was unsure if he would run in peacetime.: 35:06
Noah's Ark (miniseries)
Noah's Ark is a 1999 American-Australian television miniseries directed by John Irvin and starring Jon Voight, Mary Steenburgen, F. Murray Abraham, Carol Kane, Jonathan Cake, Alexis Denisof, Emily Mortimer, Sydney Tamiia Poitier, and James Coburn. The film is a fictional adaptation of Noah's Ark from the Book of Genesis. It was initially televised in the United States, that same year, was also televised in Canada, Germany and Portugal, among other countries.

Wives aboard Noah's Ark
The wives aboard Noah's Ark were part of the family that survived the Deluge in the biblical Genesis flood narrative from the Bible. These wives are the wife of Noah, and the wives of each of his three sons. Although the Bible only notes the existence of these women, there are extra-biblical mentions regarding them and their names.
1997 Bolivarian Games
The XIII Bolivarian Games (Spanish: Juegos Bolivarianos) were a multi-sport event held between October 17–26, 1997, in Arequipa, Peru. The Games were organized by the Bolivarian Sports Organization (ODEBO).

The opening ceremony that took place on October 17, 1997, at the Estadio Monumental de la Universidad Nacional San Agustín in Arequipa, Perú.  The Games were officially opened by Peruvian president Alberto Fujimori. Torch lighter was 70-year-old former cyclist Hernán Llerena, who won 4 gold medals at the 1947–48 Bolivarian Games and another gold medal at the 1951 Bolivarian Games.

Gold medal winners from Ecuador were published by the Comité Olímpico Ecuatoriano.

1951 Bolivarian Games
The III Bolivarian Games (Spanish: Juegos Bolivarianos) were a multi-sport event held between December 5–21, 1951, at the Estadio Olímpico de la Universidad Central de Venezuela in Caracas, Venezuela.  The Games were organized by the Bolivarian Sports Organization (ODEBO).

The Games were officially opened by Germán Suárez Flamerich, who became president of the "Junta de Gobierno" 1950-1952, after the assassination of Carlos Delgado Chalbaud.

A detailed history of the early editions of the Bolivarian Games between 1938 and 1989 was published in a book written (in Spanish) by José Gamarra Zorrilla, former president of the Bolivian Olympic Committee, and first president (1976-1982) of ODESUR.  Gold medal winners from Ecuador were published by the Comité Olímpico Ecuatoriano.
X68000
The X68000 (Japanese: エックス ろくまんはっせん, Hepburn: Ekkusu Rokuman Hassen) is a home computer created by Sharp Corporation. It was first released in 1987 and sold only in Japan.

The initial model has a 10 MHz Motorola 68000 CPU, 1 MB of RAM, and lacks a hard drive. The final model was released in 1993 with a 25 MHz Motorola 68030 CPU, 4 MB of RAM, and optional 80 MB SCSI hard drive. RAM in these systems is expandable to 12 MB, though most games and applications do not require more than 2 MB.

The X68000 has graphics hardware similar to arcade video games of the late-1980s, with custom coprocessors supporting scrolling, tiled backgrounds, and large numbers of sprites. Sound is supplied through multiple sound chips supporting 8 channels of FM synthesis and one channel of adaptive differential pulse-code modulation audio, which are mixed down to 2 analog stereo channels via a DAC chip. As such, video gaming was a major use of the X68000.

Audio bit depth
In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the number of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds to the resolution of each sample. Examples of bit depth include Compact Disc Digital Audio, which uses 16 bits per sample, and DVD-Audio and Blu-ray Disc, which can support up to 24 bits per sample.

In basic implementations, variations in bit depth primarily affect the noise level from quantization error—thus the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dynamic range. However, techniques such as dithering, noise shaping, and oversampling can mitigate these effects without changing the bit depth. Bit depth also affects bit rate and file size.

Bit depth is useful for describing PCM digital signals. Non-PCM formats, such as those using lossy compression, do not have associated bit depths.
Piñatex
Piñatex (Spanish pronunciation: [piɲaˈteks]) is the trade name for a non-biodegradable leather alternative made from cellulose fibres extracted from pineapple leaves, PLA (polylactic acid), and petroleum-based resin. Piñatex was developed by Carmen Hijosa and first presented at the PhD graduate exhibition at the Royal College of Art, London. Piñatex is manufactured and distributed by Hijosa's company Ananas Anam Ltd.

Pineapple
The pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae.

The pineapple is indigenous to South America, where it has been cultivated for many centuries. The introduction of the pineapple plant to Europe in the 17th century made it a significant cultural icon of luxury. Since the 1820s, pineapple has been commercially grown in greenhouses and many tropical plantations. The fruit, particularly its juice, has diverse uses in cuisines and desserts.

Pineapples grow as a small shrub; the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form a multiple fruit. The plant normally propagates from the offset produced at the top of the fruit or from a side shoot, and typically matures within a year.
Zetaquira
Zetaquira (Spanish pronunciation: [setaˈkiɾa]) is a town and municipality in the Colombian Lengupá Province, part of the department of Boyacá. Zetaquira is located at 67 kilometres (42 mi) from the department capital Tunja and borders Pesca in the north, Miraflores in the south, in the east Berbeo, San Eduardo and Aquitania and in the west Ramiriquí and Chinavita. The municipality stretches over an area of 262 square kilometres (101 mi2) on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at altitudes between 1,875 metres (6,152 ft) and 3,600 metres (11,800 ft).

San Eduardo, Boyacá
San Eduardo (Spanish pronunciation: [san eðuˈaɾðo]) is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of the Lengupá Province.

5°13′21″N 73°04′37″W﻿ / ﻿5.22250°N 73.07694°W﻿ / 5.22250; -73.07694
Senzan Tunnel
Senzan Tunnel (仙山トンネル (せんざんトンネル), Senzan Ton'neru) is a tunnel on   Senzan Line in Japan that runs from Taihaku Ward, Sendai city, Miyagi prefecture to  Yamagata city, Yamagata prefecture with approximate length of 5.361 km. It was completed and opened in 1937.

Yamagata (city)
Yamagata (山形市, Yamagata-shi) is the capital city of Yamagata Prefecture located in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan. As of 1 August 2023, the city had an estimated population of 242,505 in 103,165 households, and a population density of 636 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 381.58 square kilometres (147 sq mi).
Kamakura (G.I. Joe)
Kamakura is a fictional character from the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero toyline, comic books and animated series. He is the first character created by Devil's Due Publishing to be made into a G.I. Joe figure, and later brought into the new animated series.

Cobra (G.I. Joe)
Cobra (sometimes referred to as Cobra Command) is a fictional terrorist organization and the nemesis of the G.I. Joe Team in the Hasbro action figure toyline G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero and G.I. Joe: Sigma 6, as well as in related media.

Cobra was first introduced during the launch of the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero toyline in mid-1982. The toyline was accompanied by a Marvel Comics series, written by Larry Hama, and an animated television series by Sunbow and Marvel Productions. However, the origin and portrayal of Cobra has differed in each of them.

Marvel Comics invented the Cobra concept, with the name having been proposed by Archie Goodwin. When Marvel first proposed the concept, Hasbro was reluctant to make toys of the villains for fear that they would not sell. According to Jim Shooter, "later ... villains became 40% of their volume." Cobra's iconic logo was later created by Hasbro designer Ron Rudat.
Thermophotovoltaic energy conversion
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy conversion is a direct conversion process from heat to electricity via photons. A basic thermophotovoltaic system consists of a hot object emitting thermal radiation and a photovoltaic cell similar to a solar cell but tuned to the spectrum being emitted from the hot object.

As TPV systems generally work at lower temperatures than solar cells, their efficiencies tend to be low. Offsetting this through the use of multi-junction cells based on non-silicon materials is common, but generally very expensive. This currently limits TPV to niche roles like spacecraft power and waste heat collection from larger systems like steam turbines.

Carrier generation and recombination
In solid-state physics of semiconductors, carrier generation and carrier recombination are processes by which mobile charge carriers (electrons and electron holes) are created and eliminated. Carrier generation and recombination processes are fundamental to the operation of many optoelectronic semiconductor devices, such as photodiodes, light-emitting diodes and laser diodes. They are also critical to a full analysis of p-n junction devices such as bipolar junction transistors and p-n junction diodes.

The electron–hole pair is the fundamental unit of generation and recombination in inorganic semiconductors, corresponding to an electron transitioning between the valence band and the conduction band where generation of an electron is a transition from the valence band to the conduction band and recombination leads to a reverse transition.  Slow recombination rates (or equivalently, long carrier lifetimes) are a favorable attribute of the semiconductors that comprise solar cells.
Chhanamukhi
Chhanamukhi (Bengali: ছানামুখী chanamukhi, from Bengali: ছানা chana, “cottage cheese”) is a Bangladeshi sweet. It originated in the Brahmanbaria District. It is made with fried cottage cheese and sugar syrup. On September 24, 2024, Chanamukhi Sweet got recognition as a Geographical Indication (GI) product.

Brahmanbaria District
Brahmanbaria District (Bengali: ব্রাহ্মণবাড়িয়া জেলা, romanized: Brammôṇbaṛiya) is a district in eastern Bangladesh located in the Chittagong Division. Geographically, it is mostly farmland and is topographically part of the Gangetic Plain. It is bounded by the districts of Kishoreganj and Habiganj to the north, Narsingdi District and Narayanganj to the west, Comilla to the south, and the Indian state of Tripura to the east. It was a part of Comilla District until 15 February 1984.
2020 Colorado elections
Colorado state elections in 2020 were held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020. The deadline to register and receive a ballot by mail in Colorado was October 26, 2020. Voters may register in person and vote or pick up a ballot at Voter Service Centers October 19 through 7 p.m. November 3, 2020. Colorado exclusively used a vote-by-mail system, although voters may choose to vote in person at Voter Service and Polling Centers (VSPCs).

In addition to the U.S. presidential race, Colorado voters voted in the U.S. Senate, U.S. House, state executive offices, State Senate, State House, state Supreme Court, Appellate courts, local judges, state ballot measures, and municipal elections.

2020 Colorado House of Representatives election
The 2020 Colorado House of Representatives elections took place on November 3, 2020, with the primary elections held on June 30, 2020. Voters in all 65 districts of the state House elected their representative for a two-year term. It coincided with the state Senate elections and the biennial United States elections. The Democratic Party retained control of the House of Representatives. The Democrats gained the 38th District while the Republicans gained the 47th District, resulting in no net seat change.
Zurich–Affoltern am Albis–Zug railway
The Zurich–Affoltern am Albis–Zug railway is a railway connecting the Swiss cities of Zurich and Zug via Affoltern am Albis. It was opened by the Zurich–Zug–Lucerne Railway (German: Zürich-Zug-Luzern-Bahn) on 1 June 1864. The  Zug–Lucerne line was opened by the same company on the same day. The line officially begins in Zürich Altstetten, which was still an independent municipality at that time. The line's only significant traffic consists of services on Zurich S-Bahn line S5. Long-distance trains between Zurich, Zug and Lucerne now run via the Zimmerberg Base Tunnel, the Thalwil–Arth-Goldau line and the Zug–Lucerne line.

Zug railway station
Zug railway station (German: Bahnhof Zug) serves the municipality of Zug, the capital city of the canton of Zug, Switzerland.

Opened in 1897, the station is owned and operated by Swiss Federal Railways (SBB CFF FFS). It is a keilbahnhof: it forms the junction between the Zürich–Lucerne railway and the Thalwil–Arth-Goldau railway, which connects with the Gotthard railway.

Every day, some 46,000 people pass through the station.

Zug is coincidentally the German word for "train".
Adrián de la Garza Santos
Adrián Emilio de la Garza Santos (born 17 September 1971) is a Mexican lawyer and politician who serves as the municipal president of Monterrey since 2024. He previously held the same position for two consecutive terms from 2015 to 2021. He also served as the attorney general of Nuevo León from 2011 to 2015.

Rodrigo Medina de la Cruz
Rodrigo Medina de la Cruz (born September 9, 1972) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He served as governor of Nuevo León from 2009 to 2015. He was linked by Operation Tornado to legal proceedings against him for embezzlement, property crimes, abuse of authority, and unjust enrichment, along with 14 other public servants, deputies, former deputies, and fellow family members and associates. He was, therefore, held in preventive custody on January 26, 2017.
Spodnje Palovče
Spodnje Palovče (pronounced [ˈspoːdnjɛ ˈpaːlɔu̯tʃɛ]; in older sources also Spodnje Paloviče, German: Unterpalowitsch) is a settlement in the hills east of Kamnik in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Kamnik
Kamnik (pronounced [ˈkáːmnik] ⓘ; German: Stein or Stein in Oberkrain) is the ninth-largest town of Slovenia, located in the traditional province of Upper Carniola (northern Slovenia). It is the seat of the Municipality of Kamnik, which encompasses a large part of the Kamnik Alps and the surrounding area. The town of Kamnik has three castles as well as many examples of historical architecture.
Politics of Guinea
Politics of Guinea takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Guinea is both head of state and head of government of Guinea. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly.

Lansana Conté
General Lansana Conté (N'Ko: ߟߊ߲߭ߛߣߊ߬ ߞߐ߲ߕߋ߬; 30 November 1934 – 22 December 2008) was a Guinean politician and military officer who served as the second president of Guinea from 1984 until his death in 2008. Conté came to power in the 1984 Guinean coup d'état.
Anjana Productions
Anjana Productions is an Indian film production company established by Chiranjeevi and his brother Nagendra Babu in the year 1988, named after their mother Anjana Devi. It is considered as the home production company of Konidela family.

Konidela–Allu family
The Konidela–Allu family is a prominent Indian film family known for their work in Telugu cinema. The family, spanning at least three generations, is involved in films, business ventures, and politics. The prominent heads of the family are actor Chiranjeevi and his late father-in-law, the comedian Allu Ramalingaiah. The family is colloquially known as Mega family in reference to the moniker of Chiranjeevi—Mega Star.
2015 Colombian regional and municipal elections
The 2015 Colombian regional and municipal elections were held on Sunday, 25 October 2015 in Colombia to elect the governors of the 32 departments, deputies to departmental assemblies, mayors of 1,102 municipalities, municipal councillors and aldermen on local administrative boards (Juntas Administrativas Locales, JAL).

Radical Change
Radical Change (Spanish: Cambio Radical, CR, stylised as CЯ, with a backwards "R") is a conservative liberal political party in Colombia.

After the elections on 12 March 2006, the party became one of the most important in the new Congress, receiving 20 seats in the lower house and 15 in the upper house. Along with the Social Party of National Unity, or "Party of the U" (the largest party in the lower house and the second-largest in the upper house) and the Conservative Party, it was president Álvaro Uribe's main ally in Congress and formed part of his majority.

It is currently in opposition to the left-wing government of Gustavo Petro.
Ngai Tupa
Ngaingatara Tupa (24 April 1936 – 1 March 2021) was a Cook Islands politician and member of the Cook Islands Parliament.  She was a member of the Cook Islands Democratic Party and the mother of MP Vaitoti Tupa.

Tupa was born in Rarotonga and educated at St. Joseph Catholic Primary School. She worked as a teacher and in retail, and served as the president of the Cook Islands Child Welfare Association and patron of the Girl Guides Cook Islands Association. She was elected to Parliament in the seat of Takuvaine-Tutakimoa in the 2006 snap election, defeating Cook Islands Party candidate Mark Brown.  She served one term as a backbench MP, but was not re-elected in the 2010 election.

In July 2009 a report from the audit office found that Tupa had exerted undue influence over the reappointment of her son Vaitoti Tupa as director of the National Environment Services.

Democratic Party (Cook Islands)
The Democratic Party (also known for a time as the Democratic Alliance Party) is a political party in the Cook Islands. As a result of the 2022 Cook Islands election, it is currently in opposition, holding five seats in the Cook Islands Parliament.