hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kraaifontein
Kraaifontein is a town in the Western Cape province of South Africa and is located on the north-eastern outskirts of the City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality.

The name originated from the large number of crows (Kraai in Afrikaans) that nest in the region.

The name is derived from the Xam word !gauru, ‘crow, white crow’, and kamma, therefore its ǀXam name was !gaurukamma.

Phonetically, the town’s name is pronounced as "Cry-phontaine".

Metropolitan routes in Cape Town
The City of Cape Town (Cape Town metropolitan area) like most South African metropolitan areas, uses metropolitan or "M" routes for important intra-city routes, a layer below national (N) roads and regional (R) roads. Each city's M roads are independently numbered.
Al Murray's Multiple Personality Disorder
Al Murray's Multiple Personality Disorder is a British sketch show starring comedian Al Murray. The multi character aspect of the show was a departure from Murray's previous television comedy work, as the sole character The Pub Landlord. The show ran from 27 February to 12 April 2009, airing in the Friday night prime time slot on ITV (ITV1 & UTV). STV in Scotland did not broadcast the programme. It was commissioned on 4 June 2008.

Chav
"Chav" (/tʃæv/), also "charver", or "scally" in parts of England, is a British term, usually used in a pejorative way. The term is used to describe an anti-social lower-class youth dressed in sportswear. The term has been described as classist. Julie Burchill described the term as a form of "social racism". "Chavette" is a related term referring to female chavs, and the adjectives "chavvy", "chavvish", and "chavtastic" are used to describe things associated with chavs, such as fashion, slang, etc. In Australia, "eshay" or "adlay" has been described as a "try-hard chav".
Bradley C. Hosmer
Bradley Clark Hosmer (born October 8, 1937)  is a retired lieutenant general in the United States Air Force (USAF). He served as the twelfth Superintendent of the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, Colorado from 1991 to 1994.  He was the first Academy graduate to return as superintendent.

Overseas Service Ribbon
An Overseas Service Ribbon is a service military award of the United States military which recognizes those service members who have performed military tours outside the borders of the United States of America. There are different versions of the Overseas Service Ribbons for the U.S. Army, U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Space Force, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Both the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Marines receive the Navy and Marine Corps Overseas Service Ribbon.
.460 Weatherby Magnum
The .460 Weatherby Magnum is a belted, bottlenecked rifle cartridge, developed by Roy Weatherby in 1957. The cartridge is based on the .378 Weatherby Magnum necked up to accept the .458-inch (11.6 mm) bullet. The original .378 Weatherby Magnum parent case was inspired by the .416 Rigby. The .460 Weatherby Magnum was designed as an African dangerous game rifle cartridge for the hunting of heavy, thick skinned dangerous game.

Prior to the Weatherby's arrival, the .600 Nitro Express had been the most powerful cartridge but the .460 Weatherby Magnum eclipsed this, and was the world's most powerful commercially available sporting cartridge for 29 years until the advent of the .700 Nitro Express.

The .460 launches a 500-grain (32 g) bullet at a chronographed velocity of 2,700 ft/s (820 m/s) from a 26-inch (660 mm) barrel, measuring 8,100 ft⋅lbf (11,000 J) of muzzle energy.

Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute
The Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute (SAAMI, pronounced "Sammy") is an association of American manufacturers of firearms, ammunition, and components.  SAAMI is an accredited standards developer that publishes several American National Standards that provide safety, reliability, and interchangeability standards for commercial manufacturers of firearms, ammunition, and components.  In addition, SAAMI publishes information on the safe and responsible transportation, storage, and use of those products.
Association of University Presses
The Association of University Presses (AUPresses) is an association of nonprofit, mostly, but not exclusively, North American university presses. It is based in New York City. Until December 2017, it was known as the Association of American University Presses (AAUP).

In 2021, AUPresses became an affiliate member of the American Council of Learned Societies. AUPresses is also an affiliate member of the International Publishers Association.

International Publishers Association
The International Publishers Association (IPA, originally Congrès international des éditeurs) is an international publishing industry federation of national publisher associations representing book and journal publishing, founded in 1896 in Paris. It is a non-profit and non-governmental organization, to promote and protect publishing and to raise awareness for publishing in the context of economic, cultural and political development.

The IPA's two core pillars are the promotion of copyright and the protection of the freedom to publish. The IPA actively opposes censorship and promotes literacy. Since 2005, the IPA has awarded the Freedom to Publish Prize, renamed the Prix Voltaire in 2016. In 2022, it introduced two additional prizes, a Champion Award and an Innovation Award.
Șieu-Odorhei
Șieu-Odorhei (German: Dienesdorf; Hungarian: Sajóudvarhely) is a commune in Bistrița-Năsăud County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Agrișu de Jos (Alsóegres), Agrișu de Sus (Felsőegres), Bretea (Breit; Magyarberéte), Coasta (Sajókiskeresztúr), Cristur-Șieu (Oberkreuz; Bethlenkeresztúr), Șieu-Odorhei, and Șirioara (Sajósárvár).

The commune is situated on the Transylvanian Plateau, at an altitude of 280 m (920 ft), on the banks of the Șieu River. It is located in the west-central part of Bistrița-Năsăud County, 12 km (7.5 mi) east of the town of Beclean and 26 km (16 mi) west of the county seat, Bistrița.

At the 2011 census, there were 2,262 inhabitants, of which 91.1% were Romanians and 8.3% Hungarians. At the 2021 census, Șieu-Odorhei had a population of 2,219; of those, 88.2%  were Romanians and 4.8% Hungarians.

Bistrița
Bistrița (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈbistritsa] ⓘ; German: Bistritz, archaic Nösen; Transylvanian Saxon: Bästerts; Hungarian: Beszterce) is the capital city of Bistrița-Năsăud County, in northern Transylvania, Romania. It is situated on the Bistrița River. The city has a population of 78,877 inhabitants as of 2021 and administers six villages: Ghinda (Windau; Vinda), Sărata (Salz; Sófalva), Sigmir (Schönbirk; Szépnyír), Slătinița (Pintak; Pinták), Unirea (until 1950 Aldorf; Wallendorf; Aldorf) and Viișoara (Heidendorf; Besenyő). There is a project for the creation of a metropolitan area that will contain the municipality of Bistrița and 3 surrounding localities (Șieu-Măgheruș, Budacu de Jos, and Livezile), whose combined population would be over 91,600 inhabitants.
Nettlebed
Nettlebed is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire in the Chiltern Hills about 4+1⁄2 miles (7 km) north-west of Henley-on-Thames and 6 miles (10 km) south-east of Wallingford. The parish includes the hamlet of Crocker End, about 1⁄2 mile (800 m) east of the village. The 2011 Census recorded a parish population of 727.

Oxfordshire Architectural and Historical Society
The Oxfordshire Architectural and Historical Society (OAHS) has existed in one form or another since at least 1839, although with its current name only since 1972. Its annual publication, Oxoniensia, has been produced since 1936.
Austroepigomphus turneri
Austroepigomphus turneri, also known as Austroepigomphus (Xerogomphus) turneri,  and up until recently Austrogomphus turneri, is a species of dragonfly of the family Gomphidae, commonly known as the flame-tipped hunter. 
It inhabits both rapid and slow streams and pools across northern Australia.

Austroepigomphus turneri is a medium-sized, black and yellow dragonfly with a red tip to its tail.

Gomphidae
The Gomphidae are a family of dragonflies commonly referred to as clubtails or club-tailed dragonflies. The family contains about 90 genera and 900 species found across North and South America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa. The name refers to the club-like widening of the end of the abdomen (abdominal segments 7 through 9). However, this club is usually less pronounced in females and is entirely absent in some species.
Ōshima (Aomori)
Ōshima (Japanese: 大島（おおしま）, Hepburn: Ōshima) is a rocky island off the northern coast of Natsudomari Peninsula in Mutsu Bay. The island is a part of Hiranai in Aomori Prefecture. The island has 3 km (1.9 mi) of coastline and an area of 0.16 km2 (0.062 sq mi). It is a part of the prefecture-maintained, Asamushi-Natsudomari Prefectural Natural Park.

Asamushi-Natsudomari Prefectural Natural Park
Asamushi-Natsudomari Prefectural Natural Park (浅虫夏泊県立自然公園, Asamushi-Natsudomari kenritsu shizen-kōen) is a Prefectural Natural Park on the north coast of Aomori Prefecture, Japan, overlooking Mutsu Bay. Established in 1953, the park spans the borders of the municipalities of Aomori and Hiranai. It encompasses Asamushi Onsen and the coastline of the Natsudomari Peninsula (夏泊半島).
Belton Subdivision
The Belton Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in the U.S. State of South Carolina. This line runs from Spartanburg, South Carolina, to Pelzer, South Carolina, for a total of 49.7 miles (80.0 km). At its east end, the line continues to travel west from the Spartanburg Subdivision and at its west end, it continues west as the Greenville and Western Railway.

Spartanburg Subdivision
The Spartanburg Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in the U.S. state of South Carolina. The line runs from Spartanburg, South Carolina, to Greenwood, South Carolina, for a total of 61.8 miles (99.5 km). At its north end the line continues north on the Blue Ridge Subdivision and at its south end the line continues south as the Monroe Subdivision.
1994 Phillip Island ATCC round
The 1994 Phillip Island ATCC round was the fourth round of the 1994 Australian Touring Car Championship. It was held on the weekend of 8 to 10 April at Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit in Phillip Island, Victoria.

1994 Australian Touring Car Championship
The 1994 Australian Touring Car Championship was an Australian motor racing competition for Touring Cars. The championship, which was sanctioned by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport as an Australian Title, was the 35th Australian Touring Car Championship. Promoted as the Shell Australian Touring Car Championship, it was contested over 10 rounds between February and July 1994.

The championship was won by Mark Skaife driving a Gibson Motorsport Holden VP Commodore.
2019 Rolex Shanghai Masters
The 2019 Shanghai Rolex Masters was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 11th edition of the Shanghai ATP Masters 1000, classified as an ATP Tour Masters 1000 event on the 2019 ATP Tour. It took place at Qizhong Forest Sports City Arena in Shanghai, China from October 6 to 13, 2019.

Shanghai Masters (tennis)
The Shanghai Masters (Chinese: 上海大师赛), known as the Rolex Shanghai Masters for sponsorship reasons, is an annual tennis tournament for male professional players held in Shanghai, China in the month of October. It is played on outdoor hard courts at the Qizhong Forest Sports City Arena in the Minhang District. The tournament is part of the nine ATP Masters 1000 events on the ATP Tour, and is the only one not played in Europe or North America. The tournament was not held from 2020 to 2022 due to Chinese travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Minuscule 124
Minuscule 124 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), ε 1211 (in the Von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on parchment. Using the study of comparative writings styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia and liturgical matter (see below).

Readings from the manuscript are cited in editions of the Novum Testamentum Graece, a critical edition of the Greek New Testament. It is considered to be a member of a group of minuscule manuscripts known as Family 13 (ƒ13).

Andreas Birch
Andreas Birch (November 6, 1758 – October 25, 1829) was a professor from Copenhagen. Birch was sent in 1781–1783 by the king of Denmark, Christian VII, to examine manuscripts in Italy, Germany, and other European countries.
Trnsko
Trnsko is a neighbourhood of Zagreb, Croatia, located south of Dubrovnik Avenue in Novi Zagreb - zapad. The population is 5,331 (2011).

Trnsko was one of Novi Zagreb's first neighbourhoods constructed in early 1960s. The streets have no names, but the orientation is easy - Trnsko 1 is on the north and Trnsko 49 on the far south of the neighbourhood.

Dubrovnik Avenue
Dubrovnik Avenue (Croatian: Avenija Dubrovnik) is an avenue located in the Novi Zagreb part of Zagreb, Croatia. It is mostly six or eight lanes wide. Built in the mid 1950s, it runs for 4 kilometers between the roundabout beneath the southward extension of the Youth Bridge (Most mladosti) in the east and the Remetinec Roundabout in the west of Novi Zagreb. Its most important intersections are those with Većeslav Holjevac Avenue and Federal Republic of Germany Street. Being the main east–west thoroughfare of Novi Zagreb, more than 40,000 commuters travel on it daily.
Omar (name)
Omar is the most common Arabic rendition of a series of names, predominantly masculine given names, originating in the Arabic language. The name may have several different spellings in English, with variations based on the original language that it is drawn from, regional/cultural adaptations, and personal choice.

Omer Faruk Tekbilek
Omer Faruk Tekbilek (Turkish: Ömer Faruk Tekbilek, born 1951) is a Turkish musician and composer who plays a wide range of wind, string, percussion, and electronic instruments. He has developed a style that builds on traditional Sufi music while incorporating inspiration from ambient electronic musicians, most notably Brian Keane. He is best known for his performances with the flute-like ney, but also plays the piccolo-like kaval, and the double-reed zurna. Among stringed instruments, he plays the oud and the bağlama.
Husum (Copenhagen)
Husum is a predominantly residential neighbourhood in the  Brønshøj-Husum  district of  Copenhagen, Denmark. Located approximately 7 km to the northwest of the city centre, between Vestvolden and Utterslev Mose, it is centred on Frederikssundsvej and Husum Torv. The area to the north of Frederikssundsvej is dominated by Housing estates while the area to the south of the street consists mainly of single-family detached home and terraced houses.

Utterslev Mose
Utterslev Mose (English: Utterslev Boglands) is a large semi-natural area of lakes, reed beds and parkland located on the border between Copenhagen  and Gladsaxe municipalities, approximately six kilometers northwest of central Copenhagen, Denmark. It is surrounded by the neighbourhoods Brønshøj, Tingbjerg, Utterslev, Søborg and Emdrup. It is known for its rich bird life and has a dense network of walking and cycling trails.
Replicas of the Statue of Liberty
Hundreds of replicas of the Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World) have been created worldwide. The original Statue of Liberty, designed by sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, is 151 feet tall and stands on a pedestal that is 154 feet tall, making the height of the entire sculpture 305 feet. The design for the original Statue of Liberty began in 1865, with final installation in 1886.

Miniature park
A miniature park is a display of miniature buildings and models, usually as a recreational and tourist attraction open to the public. A miniature park may contain a model of a single city or town, often called a miniature city or model village, or it can contain a number of different sets of models.
Talmei Bilu
Talmei Bilu (Hebrew: תלמי ביל"ו, lit. 'Bilu Furrows') is a moshav in southern Israel. Located in the north-western Negev desert near Netivot and Rahat, it falls under the jurisdiction of Merhavim Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 548.

Netivot
Netivot (Hebrew: נתיבות, lit. 'Paths') is a city located in the Southern District of Israel, located 8 miles (13 kilometers) southeast of Sderot and 19 miles (31 kilometers) northwest of Beersheba. In 2023 it had a population of 52,877.
Choice37
Robin Cho, better known as Choice37, is an American record producer, songwriter, and DJ based in South Korea. He joined YG Entertainment as a producer in 2009, and has since produced songs for K-pop artists including Big Bang, Blackpink, G-Dragon, Ikon, Lee Hi, Treasure, Babymonster.

Lee Hi
Lee Ha-yi (Korean: 이하이; born September 23, 1996), known by her stage name Lee Hi, is a South Korean singer and songwriter. She first garnered attention as the runner-up of the first season of K-pop Star. She debuted with the single "1, 2, 3, 4" on October 28, 2012, and reached number one with first week sales of 667,549 downloads. Her first full-length album First Love was released in two parts: part 1 on March 7, 2013, and part 2 on March 28, 2013.

In 2020, she signed to hip-hop R&B record label AOMG where she released the studio album 4 Only (2021).
Buchanan Point
Buchanan Point is a headland 5 km (3.1 mi) north-west of Cape Dundas and 2 km (1.2 mi) south-east of Mackintosh Cove, at the north-eastern end of Laurie Island in the South Orkney Islands of Antarctica.

Mackintosh Cove
Mackintosh Cove (60°42′S 44°30′W﻿ / ﻿60.700°S 44.500°W﻿ / -60.700; -44.500) is a cove immediately southeast of Fraser Point along the north coast of Laurie Island, in the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. It was charted in 1903 by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition under William S. Bruce, and was named for Neil A. Mackintosh, then a member of the Discovery Committee zoological staff, by Discovery Investigations personnel on the Discovery II following their survey of the South Orkney Islands in 1933.
Tiffany Schmidt
Tiffany M. Schmidt is an American researcher and chronobiologist, currently working as an associate professor of Neurobiology at Northwestern University. Schmidt, who works in Evanston, Illinois, studies the role of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) to determine how light can affect behavior, hormonal changes, vision, sleep, and circadian entrainment.

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell
Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), also called photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGC), or melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs), are a type of neuron in the retina of the mammalian eye. The presence of an additional photoreceptor was first suspected in 1927 when mice lacking rod and cone cells still responded to changing light levels through pupil constriction; this suggested that rods and cones are not the only light-sensitive tissue. However, it was unclear whether this light sensitivity arose from an additional retinal photoreceptor or elsewhere in the body. Recent research has shown that these retinal ganglion cells, unlike other retinal ganglion cells, are intrinsically photosensitive due to the presence of melanopsin, a light-sensitive protein. Therefore, they constitute a third class of photoreceptors, in addition to rod and cone cells.
Perilipin-5
Perilipin 5, also known as Oxpatperilipin 5 or PLIN5, is a protein that belongs to perilipin family. This protein group has been shown to be responsible for lipid droplet's biogenesis, structure and degradation. In particular, Perilipin 5 is a lipid droplet-associated protein whose function is to keep the balance between lipolysis and lipogenesis, as well as maintaining lipid droplet homeostasis. For example, in oxidative tissues, muscular tissues and cardiac tissues, PLIN5 promotes association between lipid droplets and mitochondria.

Inside the cell, PLIN5 can be found in multiple intracellular structures including lipid droplets, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and the cytosol. The wrong expression of this protein has been proven to be related with diseases such as skeletal muscle diseases, liver diseases or carcinogenesis.

Triglyceride
A triglyceride (from tri- and glyceride; also TG, triacylglycerol, TAG, or triacylglyceride) is an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids.
Triglycerides are the main constituents of body fat in humans and other vertebrates as well as vegetable fat.
They are also present in the blood to enable the bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose from the liver and are a major component of human skin oils.

Many types of triglycerides exist.  One specific classification focuses on saturated and unsaturated types. Saturated fats have no C=C groups; unsaturated fats feature one or more C=C groups. Unsaturated fats tend to have a lower melting point than saturated analogues; as a result, they are often liquid at room temperature.
Luther Obi
Luther Banks St Charles Obi (born 29 April 1993) is a Nigerian-born South African professional rugby union player for the Griquas in the Currie Cup and the Rugby Challenge. His regular position is as a winger.

Aside from his rugby interests, the Winger holds a Law degree and exercises a keen interest in the Mining industry.

Luther represented the Junior Springboks at the 2013 Junior Rugby World Championships; impressive performances saw the winger finish the Championships as the second leading try scorer.

Luther has attained his LLB Law Degree from The University of South Africa (UNISA); making him one of few professional rugby players with a higher qualification. Luther graduated in the summer of 2022. He has been quoted saying; “rugby is short, life is long.”

The Nigerian-born winger has been capped in: Super Rugby, Pro14, Currie Cup, Vodacom Cup, Supersport Challenge, and Varsity Cup.

Leopards (rugby union)
The Leopards (Afrikaans: Luiperds) is a South African professional rugby union team that participates in the First Division of the Currie Cup, as well as the SA Cup. They are based in the North West Province. Their home ground is Olën Park in Potchefstroom. The union was formed in 1920 and was originally called Western Transvaal.
Lipnik, Pińczów County
Lipnik [ˈlipnik] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kije, within Pińczów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) east of Kije, 9 km (6 mi) north-east of Pińczów, and 31 km (19 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Kije, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Kije [ˈkijɛ] is a village in Pińczów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Kije. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) north of Pińczów and 31 km (19 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.
Louis C. Elson
Louis Charles Elson (April 17, 1848 – February 14, 1920) was an American music historian, music critic, writer on music, journalist, and professor of music theory at the New England Conservatory. He was influential editor of American music magazines, and along with William Foster Apthorp and Philip Hale was a leading music critic in Boston in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was also a singer and composer, but only had modest success in these two aspects of his career. His son, Arthur Elson (1873–1940), was also an editor and writer on music.

Music criticism
The Oxford Companion to Music defines music criticism as "the intellectual activity of formulating judgments on the value and degree of excellence of individual works of music, or whole groups or genres". In this sense, it is a branch of musical aesthetics.

With the concurrent expansion of interest in music and information media since the turn of the 20th century, the term has come to acquire the conventional meaning of journalistic reporting on musical performances.