hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tecosca Cormaic
Tecosca Cormaic "The Instructions of Cormac" is a ninth-century Old Irish gnomic text which is cast as a dialogue between the legendary High-King of Ireland, Cormac mac Airt, and his son Coirpre Lifechair.

Gnomic poetry
Gnomic poetry consists of meaningful sayings put into verse to aid the memory. They were known by the Greeks as gnomes (cf. the Greek adjective γνωμικός (gnomikos) "appertaining to an opinion or aphorism"). A gnome was defined by the Elizabethan critic Henry Peacham as "a saying pertaining to the manners and common practices of men, which declareth, with an apt brevity, what in this our life ought to be done, or not done".

It belongs to the broad family of wisdom literature, which expresses general truths about the world. Topics range over the divine and secular, from moral aphorisms to hierarchical social relationships.
Liu Xianshi
Liu Xianshi (traditional Chinese: 劉顯世; simplified Chinese: 刘显世; Wade–Giles: Liu Hsien-shih; May 8, 1870 – October 14, 1927) was a Chinese general of the Late Qing dynasty and early Republican period. Initially supporting Yuan Shikai and his declaration of the Empire of China, Liu joined Cai E and Tang Jiyao a month after the start of the National Protection War in rebelling against Yuan.

National Protection War
The National Protection War (simplified Chinese: 护国战争; traditional Chinese: 護國戰爭; pinyin: Hù guó zhànzhēng), also known as the Anti-Monarchy War, or the Third Revolution, was a civil war that took place in China from December 1915 to July 1916. Following the overthrow of the Qing dynasty three years previously, the Republic of China was established in its place. The war was caused by President Yuan Shikai's proclamation of the Empire of China, with himself as the Hongxian Emperor.

In Yunnan, military leaders, including Tang Jiyao, Cai E and Li Liejun, declared their independence and launched military expeditions against Yuan Shikai. Yuan's Beiyang Army experienced several defeats and fractured, which led other provinces in the south to declare independence as well. Eventually, under immense pressure from the entire nation, Yuan Shikai was forced to abdicate. He resumed his rule as president and died a few months later.
Taskala District
Taskala (Kazakh: Тасқала ауданы, Tasqala audany) is a district of West Kazakhstan Region in western Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the selo of Taskala. Population: 17,091 (2013 estimate); 17,202 (2009 census results); 20,645 (1999 census results).

West Kazakhstan Region
West Kazakhstan Region is a region of Kazakhstan. As of 1 August 2025, it had a population of 695,900. Its administrative centre is Oral (also known as Uralsk), a city of about 250,000 inhabitants.

The region was created as West Kazakhstan Oblast in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic during the Soviet-era. Between 1962 and 1992, it was named Uralsk Oblast. It was renamed in 1993 following the independence of Kazakhstan from the Soviet Union.
Embassy of Austria, Moscow
The Embassy of Austria in Moscow is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of Austria to the Russian Federation. It is located at 1 Starokonyushenny Lane (Russian: Староконюшенный переулок, 1) in the Khamovniki District of Moscow. The consulate, located in the same building until 2007, now operates from a new nearby building at 7 Bolshoy Levshinsky Lane.

Khamovniki District
55°43′34″N 37°34′16″E﻿ / ﻿55.72611°N 37.57111°E﻿ / 55.72611; 37.57111

Khamovniki District (Russian: Хамо́вники) is a district of Central Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. Population: 102,730 (2010 census); 97,110 (2002 census).

The district extends from Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge into the Luzhniki bend of Moskva River; northern boundary with Arbat District follows Znamenka Street, Gogolevsky Boulevard, Sivtsev Vrazhek and Borodinsky Bridge.

The district contains Pushkin Museum, Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, Devichye Pole medical campus, Novodevichy Convent and memorial cemetery, Luzhniki Stadium. The stretch of Khamovniki between Boulevard Ring and Garden Ring, known as Golden Mile, is downtown Moscow's most expensive housing area.
Governor of Colima
According to the Political Constitution of the Free and Sovereign State of Colima, the exercise of the Executive Power of this Mexican entity is placed in a single individual, called the Constitutional Governor of the Free and Sovereign State of Colima who is chosen for a period of 6 years and is not eligible for reelection. The term of governor begins November 1 of the year of the election and finishes October 31 after six years have elapsed.

The state of Colima was created in the year 1853, before during diverse periods of its history was a federal territory or department, by which the denomination of the holder of the Executive Power of the entity suffered various changes.

Colima
Colima, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Colima, is among the 31 states that make up the 32 federated entities of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital and main city, Colima.

Colima is a small state of western Mexico on the central Pacific coast, and includes the four oceanic Revillagigedo Islands. Mainland Colima shares borders with the states of Jalisco and Michoacán. In addition to the capital city of Colima, the main cities are Manzanillo, Villa de Alvarez and Tecomán. Colima is the fourth smallest state in Mexico and has the smallest population, but has one of Mexico's highest standards of living and the lowest unemployment. It is also the state with the highest murder rate per capita and one of the highest crime rates, due to its ports being a contested area for cartels.
Charlotte Cotton
Charlotte Cotton is an English curator of and writer about photography.

She has held positions including Head of the Wallis Annenberg Photography Department at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Head of Programming at The Photographers' Gallery, London, Curator of Photography at the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, and Curator-in-Residence at the Katonah Museum of Art and California Museum of Photography.

Cotton has curated a number of exhibitions on contemporary photography, and her publications include The Photograph as Contemporary Art, Imperfect Beauty, Then Things Went Quiet, Guy Bourdin, and Photography is Magic. She is also the founder of wordswithoutpictures.org (2008–09) and EitherAnd.org (2012). Words Without Pictures was published by Aperture in 2010.

Aperture Foundation
Aperture Foundation is a nonprofit arts institution, founded in 1952 by Ansel Adams, Minor White, Barbara Morgan, Dorothea Lange, Nancy Newhall, Beaumont Newhall, Ernest Louie, Melton Ferris, and Dody Warren. Their vision was to create a forum for fine art photography, a new concept at the time. The first issue of the magazine Aperture was published in spring 1952 in San Francisco.

In January 2011, Chris Boot joined the organization as its director. Boot has previously been an independent photobook publisher and worked with Magnum Photos and Phaidon Press. Sarah Meister, curator of photography at the Museum of Modern Art from 2009 to 2020, was named as Boot's replacement in the Executive Director position in January 2021, starting in May 2021.
Joy Buolamwini
Joy Adowaa Buolamwini is a Canadian-American computer scientist and digital activist formerly based at the MIT Media Lab. She founded the Algorithmic Justice League (AJL), an organization that works to challenge bias in decision-making software, using art, advocacy, and research to highlight the social implications and harms of artificial intelligence (AI).

Ethan Zuckerman
Ethan Zuckerman (born January 4, 1973) is an American media scholar, blogger, and Internet activist. He was the director of the MIT Center for Civic Media, and Associate Professor of the Practice in Media Arts and Sciences at MIT until May 2020, and the author of the 2013 book Rewire: Digital Cosmopolitans in the Age of Connection, which won the Zócalo Book Prize. In 2020, he became an associate professor of public policy, communication and information at the University of Massachusetts.
Tamil Renaissance
Tamil Renaissance refers to the literary, cultural, social reform and political movements that took place in the Tamil-speaking districts of Southern India starting in the second half of the 19th century and lasting to the culmination of the anti-Hindi agitations of the 1960s.

The period was characterized by a literary revival, spearheaded by Tamil writers of two different factions. One preferred an increased mixture of Sanskrit words with Tamil, believing that such a fusion raised the quality of Tamil language. The other faction favored reducing Sanskrit words to the barest minimum, in the belief that Sanskrit-origin words made the Tamil language lose its individuality. Rapid propagation of Western ideas and formulation of the Dravidian civilization theory during the second half of the 19th century inculcated a sense of pride in educated Tamils, eventually leading to the birth of Tamil nationalism, which inspired the Dravidian movement.

Thiru. V. Kalyanasundaram
Thiruvarur Viruttachala Kalyanasundaram (Thiruvarur Virudhachala Kalyanasundaram : 26 August 1883 – 17 September 1953), better known by his initials Thiru. Vi. Ka, was an Indian scholar, essayist and activist for the Tamil language. The analytical depth of his commentaries on classical Tamil literature and philosophy, and the clear, fluid style of his prose.  His works, along with those of V. O. Chidambaram Pillai, Maraimalai Adigal, and Arumuka Navalar, are considered to have defined the style of modern Tamil prose.
Lorenzo D'Ercole
Lorenzo D'Ercole (born 11 February 1988) is an Italian professional basketball player, who last played for Derthona Basket of the Italian Serie A2 Basket, second tier national championship. Standing at 1.93 m (6 ft 4 in), he plays at the point guard position.

2007 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship
The 2007 FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship was the tenth edition of the FIBA Europe Under-20 Championship. The cities of Nova Gorica, in Slovenia, and Gorizia, in Italy, hosted the tournament. Serbia won their first title with that name (they won the 1998 Championship as Yugoslavia and the 2006 Championship as Serbia and Montenegro).

Macedonia and Hungary were relegated to Division B.
Locally compact space
In topology and related branches of mathematics, a topological space is called locally compact if, roughly speaking, each small portion of the space looks like a small portion of a compact space. More precisely, it is a topological space in which every point has a compact neighborhood.

When locally compact spaces are Hausdorff they are called locally compact Hausdorff, which are of particular interest in mathematical analysis.

Subspace topology
In topology and related areas of mathematics, a subspace of a topological space  is a subset S of X which is equipped with a topology induced from that of  called the subspace topology (or the relative topology, inherited topology, induced topology, or trace topology).
San Juan Preservation Trust
The San Juan Preservation Trust  is a private, non-profit and membership-based land trust dedicated to helping people and communities conserve land on the San Juan Islands in Washington state. Noted for its $6.4 million purchase of Vendovi Island in 2010 and its $18.5 million acquisition of Turtleback Mountain on Orcas Island in 2006, the Preservation Trust has permanently protected 270 properties, 38 miles of shoreline and 16,000 acres on 20 islands, including land now managed as public parks, nature preserves, wildlife habitat, and working farms and forests. The organization was founded in 1979. The first transaction of the trust was made by Ernest K. Gann and Dodie Post Gann in 1980, when they donated 38 acres of their farm as a working agriculture preserve.

San Juan Islands
The San Juan Islands are part of an archipelago in the Pacific Northwest of the United States between the U.S. state of Washington and Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The San Juan Islands are part of Washington state, and form the core of San Juan County.

In the archipelago, four islands are accessible to vehicular and foot traffic via the Washington State Ferries system.
North Carolina Zoo
The North Carolina Zoo, formerly the North Carolina Zoological Park, is a zoo in Asheboro, North Carolina, housing 1,700 animals of more than 250 species, primarily representing Africa and North America. It is one of two state-supported zoos in the United States, with the other being the Minnesota Zoo. With 500 acres (2.0 km2) developed, it is the world's largest natural habitat zoo. The North Carolina Zoo is a part of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

The Zoo is 75 miles (121 km) west of Raleigh, 25 miles (40 km) south of Greensboro, and 75 miles (121 km) northeast of Charlotte. The zoo is open 363 days a year (closed on Thanksgiving and Christmas) and in 2023 received over one million visitors for the first time. The North Carolina Zoo is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums.

Victoria crowned pigeon
The Victoria crowned pigeon (Goura victoria) is a large, bluish-grey pigeon with elegant blue lace-like crests, maroon breast and red irises. It is part of a genus (Goura) of four unique, very large, ground-dwelling pigeons native to the New Guinea region, with the Victoria crowned pigeon measuring as the largest extant species of pigeon. The bird may be easily recognized by the unique white tips on its crests and by its deep 'whooping' sounds made while calling. Its name commemorates the British monarch, Queen Victoria.
STAT4
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) is a transcription factor belonging to the STAT protein family, composed of STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5A, STAT5B, STAT6. STAT proteins are key activators of gene transcription which bind to DNA in response to cytokine gradient. STAT proteins are a common part of Janus kinase (JAK)- signalling pathways, activated by cytokines.STAT4 is required for the development of Th1 cells from naive CD4+ T cells and IFN-γ production in response to IL-12. There are two known STAT4 transcripts, STAT4α and STAT4β, differing in the levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ )production downstream.

STAT5A
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STAT5A gene. STAT5A orthologs have been identified in several placentals for which complete genome data are available.
Toured (A Live Album)
Toured (A Live Album) was a live album by Huntington Beach pop punk band Big Drill Car. The concert was recorded live at New York's CBGB's on September 3, 1991, at the beginning of a nineteen-week tour known as The Batch World Tour, in support of the then-current album Batch, but wasn't released until two years later.

This was the last recording featuring the classic original line-up of Frank Daly, Mark Arnold, Danny Marcroft and Bob Thompson.

Like many Big Drill Car albums, Toured (A Live Album) is currently out of print.

Batch (album)
Batch is the second album by American punk rock band Big Drill Car. It was released in 1991.

It was the last studio recording with the original line-up, and their last album distributed by Cruz Records. "Freedom of Choice" is a cover of the Devo song.
HMS Liberty (1913)
HMS Liberty was a Laforey-class destroyer that served with the Royal Navy during the First World War. Launched on 15 September 1913 as HMS Rosalind, the ship was renamed on 30 September under an Admiralty order to become one of the first alphabetical class destroyers. On commissioning, the vessel joined the Third Destroyer Flotilla and operated as part of the Harwich Force. During Battle of Heligoland Bight, Liberty engaged with the German torpedo boats G194 and G196, and scored two hits on the cruiser Mainz. On 8 February 1917, the destroyer rammed and sank the German submarine UC-46. The vessel also played a minor role in the battles of Dogger Bank, Dover Strait and Jutland, as well as acting as a convoy escort and patrolling the Dover Barrage. With the cessation of hostilities, the ship was placed in reserve and sold to be broken up on 5 November 1921.

J. Samuel White
J. Samuel White was a British shipbuilding firm based in Cowes, taking its name from John Samuel White (1838–1915).

It came to prominence during the Victorian era. During the 20th century it built destroyers and other naval craft for both the Royal Navy and export customers; they also built lifeboats and various types of commercial vessels.

There was another 'White's engineers and shipyard' of Cowes, that of William White & Sons (1883 - 1929); the use of the term 'White's of Cowes' may lead to confusion.
Good and evil
In philosophy, religion, and psychology, "good and evil" is a common dichotomy. In religions with Manichaean and Abrahamic influence, evil is perceived as the dualistic antagonistic opposite of good, in which good should prevail and evil should be defeated.

Evil is often used to denote profound immorality. Evil has also been described as a supernatural force. Definitions of evil vary, as does the analysis of its motives. However, elements that are commonly associated with evil involve unbalanced behavior involving expediency, selfishness, ignorance, or negligence.

The principal study of good and evil (or morality) is ethics, of which there are three major branches: normative ethics concerning how we ought to behave, applied ethics concerning particular moral issues, and metaethics concerning the nature of morality itself.

Selfishness
Selfishness is being concerned excessively or exclusively for oneself or one's own advantage, pleasure, or welfare, regardless of others.
Selfishness is the opposite of altruism or selflessness, and has also been contrasted (as by C. S. Lewis) with self-centeredness.
Chettisham
Chettisham is a hamlet in East Cambridgeshire between Ely  and Littleport.  The main claim to fame is St. Michael church.

There are some pictures and a description of the church at the Cambridgeshire Churches website.

Littleport
Littleport is a town in East Cambridgeshire, in the Isle of Ely, Cambridgeshire, England. It lies about 6 miles (10 km) north-east of Ely and 6 miles (10 km) south-east of Welney, on the Bedford Level South section of the River Great Ouse, close to Burnt Fen and Mare Fen. It is served by Littleport railway station. There are two primary schools, Millfield Primary and Littleport Community, and a secondary, Vista Academy. The Littleport riots of 1816 influenced the passage of the Vagrancy Act 1824.
Wienerberger
Wienerberger AG (stylised as wienerberger) is an Austrian building solutions and infrastructure systems company which is Europe's leading manufacturer of roof tiles and the world’s largest producer of bricks.

In addition to clay products, the company is one of the leading suppliers of plastic pipe in Europe. With its over 200 production sites, the Wienerberger Group generated revenues of €4,566 million and operating EBITDA of €754 million in 2025. It is based in Vienna, Austria. Founded in 1819, the company's shares have been listed on the Vienna Stock Exchange since 1869 and currently have a free float of 100%.

Roof tiles
Roof tiles are overlapping tiles designed mainly to keep out precipitation such as rain or snow, and are traditionally made from locally available materials such as clay or slate. Later tiles have been made from materials such as concrete, glass, and plastic.

Roof tiles can be affixed by screws or nails, but in some cases historic designs utilize interlocking systems that are self-supporting. Tiles typically cover an underlayment system, which seals the roof against water intrusion.
Xianju County
Xianju County (Chinese: 仙居县; pinyin: Xiānjū Xiàn; Tai-chow dialect: Sin-kü Yön) is a county of Zhejiang, China. It is under the administration of the Taizhou city. It is the location of Shenxianju, a geological site protected by the Chinese government. Xianju is an economically underdeveloped county, relying somewhat on tourism. On October 15, Shenxianju scenic spot became a national 5A level scenic spot.

Taizhou dialect
The Taizhou dialect (Taizhou dialect: T'e-tsiu wa; simplified Chinese: 台州话; traditional Chinese: 台州話; pinyin: Tāizhōuhuà) is a dialect of Wu Chinese. It is spoken in the city of Taizhou in Zhejiang province, China. It is only partially intelligible with Shanghainese.
Fukuro zōshi
Fukuro zōshi (袋草紙) is a waka commentary text written by Fujiwara no Kiyosuke in the late 1150s. It is composed of two volumes with 851 poems. The Fukuro zōshi was not only an encyclopedia of proper etiquette at poetic events, but also of poetic knowledge. The first book covered the procedures of courtly poetry gatherings based on established precedents and included anecdotes about court poets, while the second book focused on uta-awase. It was presented to Emperor Nijō in 1159.

Uta-awase
Uta-awase (歌合 or 歌合せ; sometimes romanized utaawase), poetry contests or waka matches, are a distinctive feature of the Japanese literary landscape from the Heian period. Significant to the development of Japanese poetics, the origin of group composition such as renga, and a stimulus to approaching waka as a unified sequence and not only as individual units, the lasting importance of the poetic output of these occasions may be measured also from their contribution to the imperial anthologies: 92 poems of the Kokinshū and 373 of the Shin Kokinshū were drawn from uta-awase.
Günther von Schwarzburg (opera)
Günther von Schwarzburg is a Singspiel in three acts by Ignaz Holzbauer set to a German libretto by Anton Klein. Loosely based on events in the life of the 14th-century German king, Günther von Schwarzburg, the opera premiered on 5 January 1777 at the Hoftheater in the Mannheim Palace.

Michael Schneider (conductor)
Michael Schneider (born 10 August 1953) is a German flautist, recorder player, conductor and academic teacher. He is especially connected with later Baroque repertoire such as the works of Telemann and with early Classical repertoire such as the works of Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, and founded the orchestra La Stagione to perform and record such repertoire.
Farouk al-Sharaa
Farouk al-Sharaa (born 10 December 1938) is a Syrian politician and diplomat. He was one of the most prominent officials in the government of Ba'athist Syria and served as foreign minister from 1984 to 2006, then as vice president until 2014.

Vice President of Syria
The vice president of Syria (Arabic: نائب رئيس سوريا, romanized: Nayib Raʾīs Sūriyā), officially the vice president of the Syrian Arab Republic, is the second-highest political position in the Syrian government after the president. The current Constitutional Declaration states that in the case of the president's 'temporary disablement', the vice president may become acting president.

Multiple people can hold the office of vice president at the same time. The president is responsible for appointing the vice president, alongside determining their powers. Since the fall of the Assad regime, the transitional government has not yet selected a vice president as of now.