hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hobby Express
Hobby Express is an American retailer that sells radio-controlled aircraft, helicopters, boats and related products through catalog and Internet sales, and operates a store in Tennessee.  It was called Hobby Lobby International before changing its name in 2013 to avoid confusion with Hobby Lobby, an arts and crafts retailer then participating in a U.S. Supreme Court case.

The company was started in 1963 by James Martin. It was sold in 2003 to GenCap America and remained headquartered in Brentwood, Tennessee. In 2009, Hobby-Lobby International was sold to Mark Cleveland of Brentwood.

Hobby Lobby
Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., formerly Hobby Lobby Creative Centers, is an American chain of retail arts and crafts stores with a volume of over $5 billion in 2018. The chain has 1,001 stores in 48 U.S. states. The Green family founded Hobby Lobby to express their evangelical Protestant beliefs and the chain incorporates American conservative values and Christian media.
Diaperia
Diaperia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, formerly considered part of Evax. Common names include "rabbit's tobacco" and "dwarf cudweed." These are annual herbs native to the northern Mexico and the central and southern United States, primarily the Great Plains.

Species

Diaperia candida, silver rabbit-tobacco - Texas Oklahoma Arkansas Louisiana

Diaperia prolifera, big-head rabbit-tobacco  - Texas Louisiana Arkansas Oklahoma New Mexico Colorado Kansas Wyoming Montana Nebraska South Dakota Missouri Mississippi Alabama South Carolina

Diaperia verna, spring or many-stem rabbit-tobacco  - Tamaulipas, Coahuila, Arizona New Mexico Texas Oklahoma Louisiana Arkansas Alabama Georgia South Carolina

Diaperia prolifera
Diaperia prolifera, common name big-head rabbit-tobacco, is a plant species native to the central part of the United States from Montana to New Mexico to Alabama. It prefers dry, open areas.

Diaperia prolifera is an annual herb up to 15 cm (6 inches) tall, grayish green to silvery because of thick woolly pubescence. The stem branches above ground, with leaves up to 15 mm long. Flower heads are usually produced one at a time, but occasionally in groups of 2–3.

Varieties

Two varieties are generally recognized, intergrading in their region of overlap in Texas and Oklahoma:

Diaperia prolifera var. prolifera,  grayish to green - Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, South Dakota, Wyoming

Diaperia prolifera var. barnebyi Morefield,  silvery white - New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas
William Flinn
William Flinn (1851–1924) was a powerful political boss  and construction magnate in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. Along with Christopher Magee (1848–1901), his political partner, the two ran the Republican Party machine that controlled the city for the final twenty years of the 19th century.

Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Allegheny County (/ˌælɪˈɡeɪni/ AL-ig-AY-nee) is a county in Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,250,578, making it the state's second-most populous county, after Philadelphia County. Its county seat and most populous city is Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's second most populous city. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth, and is the center of the Pittsburgh media market.

Allegheny was the first county in Pennsylvania to be given a Native American name. It was named after the Lenape word for the Allegheny River. The meaning of "Allegheny" is uncertain. It is usually said to mean "fine river". Some historians state that the name may come from a Lenape account of an ancient mythical tribe called "Allegewi" who lived along the river before being taken over by the Lenape.
Germignaga
Germignaga is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 70 km northwest of Milan and about 20 km northwest of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,721 and an area of 6.2 km².

The municipality of Germignaga contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Ronchetto, Ronchi, Fornace, Casa Moro, Premaggio and Mirandola Nuova.

Germignaga borders the following municipalities: Brezzo di Bedero, Brissago-Valtravaglia, Cannero Riviera, Luino, Montegrino Valtravaglia.

Varese
Varese (UK: /vəˈreɪzeɪ, -zi/ və-RAY-zay, -⁠zee, US: /vɑːˈreɪseɪ/ var-AY-say; Italian: [vaˈreːze] ⓘ or [vaˈreːse]; Varesino: Varés [ʋaˈreːs]; Latin: Baretium; archaic German: Väris) is a city and comune in north-western Lombardy, northern Italy, 55 km (34 mi) north-west of Milan. The population of Varese in 2018 was 80,559.

It is the capital of the Province of Varese. The hinterland or exurban part of the city is called Varesotto.
2016 Tennis Championships of Maui
The 2016 Tennis Championships of Maui was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the seventh (ATP) and first (ITF) editions of the tournament and part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2016 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money for both genders. It took place in Lahaina, Maui, United States, on 25–31 January 2016.

2016 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2016 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's Circuit is a second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 to $100,000.
Seerat-e Mustafa
Seerat-e Mustafa (Urdu: سیرت مصطفیؐ) is a 20th-century prophetic biography authored in Urdu by Idris Kandhlawi. Grounded in authentic narrations and presented in a classical style akin to primary Arabic sources, the narrative responds to Siratun Nabi by Shibli Nomani, addressing certain theories proposed by Syed Ahmad Khan and Shibli Nomani with a degree of skepticism. Known for avoiding Western-influenced perspectives, the text systematically addresses objections raised against various segments of the prophetic biography.

Sahih al-Bukhari
Sahih al-Bukhari (Arabic: صحيح البخاري, romanized: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī) is the first hadith collection of the Six Books of Sunni Islam. Compiled by Islamic scholar al-Bukhari (d. 870) in the musannaf format, the work is valued by Sunni Muslims, alongside Sahih Muslim, as the most authentic after the Qur'an.

Al-Bukhari organised the book mostly in the Hijaz at the Sacred Mosque of Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque of Medina and completed the work in Bukhara around 846 (232 AH). The work was examined by his teachers Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Ali ibn al-Madini, Yahya ibn Ma'in and others.
Environmental Sample Processor
The Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute's (MBARI's) Environmental Sample Processor (ESP) is a "lab in a can" designed for autonomous deployment. The ESP—provides on-site (in situ) collection and analysis of water samples from the subsurface ocean. The instrument is an electromechanical/fluidic system designed to collect discrete water samples, concentrate microorganisms or particles, and automate application of molecular probes which identify microorganisms and their gene products. The ESP also archives samples so that further analyses may be done after the instrument is recovered.

Microcystin
Microcystins—or cyanoginosins—are a class of cyanotoxins, which are toxins produced by cyanobacteria, sometimes known as blue-green algae. Over 250 different microcystins have been discovered so far, of which microcystin-LR is the most common. Chemically they are cyclic heptapeptides produced through nonribosomal peptide synthases.

Cyanobacteria can produce microcystins in large quantities during algal blooms which then pose a major threat to drinking and irrigation water supplies, and the environment at large.
37th Anti-Aircraft Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 37th Anti-Aircraft Brigade was an air defence formation of Britain's Territorial Army (TA) formed just before the outbreak of the Second World War. It was engaged in defending the Thames Estuary during the war, and continued to form part of Anti-Aircraft Command in the postwar era.

Shell Haven
Shell Haven was a port on the north bank of the Thames Estuary at the eastern end of Thurrock, Essex, England and then an oil refinery. The refinery closed in 1999 and the site was purchased by DP World who received planning consent in May 2007 for the new London Gateway deep water container port at the site. The neighbouring Coryton Refinery remained in operation until 2012.
1992 Federation Cup Europe/Africa Zone
The Europe/Africa Zone was one of three zones of regional Federation Cup qualifying competition in 1992. All ties were played at the Olympic T.C. in Athens, Greece on clay courts.

The sixteen teams were divided into four pools of four to compete in round-robin matches. After each of the ties had been played, the teams that finished first and second in each of the respective pools would then move on to the three-round knockout stage of the competition. The team that won the knockout stage would go on to advance to the World Group.

1992 Federation Cup World Group
The World Group was the highest level of Federation Cup women's team tennis competition in 1992. Thirty-two nations competed in a five-round knockout competition from 13 to 19 July. Spain was the defending champion, but Germany defeated them in the final to claim their second title and first since the reunification.
Bernie Quinlan
Bernard Francis Quinlan (born 21 July 1951) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Footscray Football Club and Fitzroy Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

One of a handful of players to have won a Brownlow Medal and Coleman Medal, Quinlan was an inaugural inductee in the Australian Football Hall of Fame in 1996. Renowned for his prodigious long kicking, which earned him the nickname "Superboot", Quinlan played his best football late in his career, earning most of his individual accolades after he had turned 30. He holds the record for the most career games without playing in a Grand Final and is one of five VFL/AFL players (the others being Shaun Burgoyne, Heath Shaw, Lance Franklin and Patrick Dangerfield) to have played 150 or more games at two separate clubs.

Patrick Dangerfield
Patrick Dangerfield (born 5 April 1990) is an Australian rules football player for the Geelong Football Club of the Australian Football League (AFL). He previously played for the Adelaide Football Club from 2008 to 2015. He has served as Geelong captain since the 2023 season.

Drafted by Adelaide in 2007, Dangerfield was immediately able to make a lasting impression with his ability to explode from stoppages through the midfield as well as play virtually all of the forward positions. Since debuting in 2008, Dangerfield's accomplishments include winning the Brownlow Medal, the Leigh Matthews Trophy, and the AFLCA Champion Player of the Year Award. He is also an eight-time All-Australian and won a premiership with Geelong in 2022. He has represented Australia four times in the International Rules Series and was president of the AFL Players Association from 2018 to 2025.
Association of Jesuit University Presses
The Association of Jesuit University Presses (AJUP) was an association of university presses whose parent institutions were members of the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities. Georgetown University Press and Fordham University Press were the two largest members in terms of publications.

Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities
The Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities  (AJCU) is a consortium of the 28 Jesuit colleges and universities and three theological centers in the United States, Canada, and Belize committed to advancing academic excellence by promoting and coordinating collaborative activities, sharing resources, and advocating and representing the work of Jesuit higher education at the national and international levels. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., and led by the Association's president, Rev. Michael J. Garanzini, S.J.

Although each institution is legally autonomous under independent boards of trustees and separately chartered by respective states, the 28 schools and three theological schools share common Jesuit ideals and traditions.  They also engage in a number of collaborative projects like the National Jesuit Student Leadership Conference (NJSLC) and other conferences.
Mamaroneck, New York
Mamaroneck (/məˈmærənɛk/ mə-MARR-ə-nek) is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States.

The population was 31,758 at the 2020 United States census over 29,156 at the 2010 census. There are two villages contained within the town: Larchmont and the Village of Mamaroneck (part of which is located in the adjacent town of Rye). The majority of the town's land area is not within either village, constituting an unincorporated area, although a majority of the population lives within the villages. Legally, the unincorporated section and the villages constitute the town as a political and governmental subdivision of New York State. The town is led by a town board, composed of five town board members, which includes the town supervisor, Jaine Elkind Eney.

Much of the unincorporated section of the town receives its mail via the Larchmont Post Office and thereby has a Larchmont address.

U.S. Open (golf)
The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States. It is the third of the four men's major golf championships, and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. Since 1898 the competition has been 72 holes of stroke play (4 rounds on an 18-hole course), with the winner being the player with the lowest total number of strokes. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday. The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult, with a premium placed on accurate driving. As of 2024, the U.S. Open awards a $21.5 million purse, the largest of all four major championships.
Ashoverite
Ashoverite is one of three polymorphs of zinc hydroxide, Zn(OH)2. It is a rare mineral first found in a limestone quarry near Ashover, Derbyshire, England, in 1988. It has also been found in the Harz mountain range in Germany, and in Namibia.

The mineral was discovered after samples of the polymorph sweetite were sent to labs by S. A. Rust. Some specimens contained what appeared to be baryte but, which on further examination, were found to be a previously undescribed mineral.

Crystal polymorphism
In crystallography, polymorphism is the phenomenon where a compound or element can crystallize into more than one crystal structure.

The preceding definition has evolved over many years and is still under discussion today. Discussion of the defining characteristics of polymorphism involves distinguishing among types of transitions and structural changes occurring in polymorphism versus those in other phenomena.
History of Shanghai Art Museum
The Shanghai Art Museum (Chinese: 上海美术馆) was an art museum in the city of Shanghai, China. In October 2012, the museum was rebranded as the China Art Museum when it moved to the China pavilion at Expo 2010 on the former Shanghai Expo 2010 lands. The Shanghai Art Museum building is the former clubhouse building of the Shanghai Race Club. It sits on the western edge of People's Park, north of People's Square, which was once the Shanghai race course. The Shanghai Art Museum was the original home of the Shanghai Biennale, founded in 1996 by Fang Zengxian, then director of the museum. The former museum building is being converted to house the Shanghai History Museum, which had been left without a home due to redevelopment since 1999.

China Art Museum, Shanghai
China Art Museum, Shanghai (Shanghai Art Museum) is a municipal art museum of Shanghai City. It is a public welfare institution funded by the Shanghai City Culture and Tourism Bureau.

The museum is housed in the China Pavilion building, formerly of the Expo 2010 Shanghai China.
Dimethyl dicarbonate
Dimethyl dicarbonate (DMDC) is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor at high concentration at room temperature. It is primarily used as a beverage preservative, processing aid, or sterilant (INS No. 242) being highly active against typical beverage spoiling microorganisms like yeast, bacteria, or mould.

Preservative
A preservative is a substance or a chemical that is added to products such as food products, beverages, pharmaceutical drugs, paints, biological samples, cosmetics, wood, and many other products to prevent decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes. In general, preservation is implemented in two modes, chemical and physical. Chemical preservation entails adding chemical compounds to the product. Physical preservation entails processes such as refrigeration or drying. Preservative food additives reduce the risk of foodborne infections, decrease microbial spoilage, and preserve fresh attributes and nutritional quality.  Some physical techniques for food preservation include dehydration, UV-C radiation, freeze-drying, and refrigeration. Chemical preservation and physical preservation techniques are sometimes combined.
Gmina Jedlicze
Gmina Jedlicze is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Jedlicze, which lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Krosno and 44 km (27 mi) south-west of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The gmina covers an area of 58.21 square kilometres (22.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 15,027 (out of which the population of Jedlicze amounts to 5,593, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,434).

Jedlicze
Jedlicze (Polish pronunciation: [jɛdˈlʲit͡ʂɛ] ⓘ) is a town in Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland, with a population of 5,645 (02.06.2009). It is home to a petroleum refinery.
Scunthorpe
Scunthorpe (/ˈskʌnθɔːrp/) is an industrial town in Lincolnshire, England, and the county's third most populous settlement after Lincoln and Grimsby, with a population of 81,286 in 2021. It is the administrative centre and largest settlement of the North Lincolnshire district. Scunthorpe lies north of Lincoln and is between Grimsby to the east and Doncaster to the west, while Hull is to the north-east via the Humber Bridge.

Albert White (cyclist)
George Albert "Lal" White (19 February 1890 – 1 March 1965) was a British cyclist. He competed in two events at the 1920 Summer Olympics winning a silver medal in the men's team pursuit.

White was the subject of a 2012 Cultural Olympiad community opera called Cycle Song.  It was composed by Tim Sutton and the librettist was Ian McMillan. The Scunthorpe Co-operative Junior Choir, Proper Job Theatre Company and over a thousand locals participated.
Fairshake
Fairshake is a SuperPAC funded by the cryptocurrency industry that supported pro-cryptocurrency candidates in the 2024 United States elections. Major contributors include Coinbase, Ripple, and Andreessen Horowitz. Fairshake spent nearly twice as much on Republican candidates than on Democratic candidates.

The Hill reported that more than $10 million of the super PAC's spending went toward opposing the California Democratic Senate primary bid of Katie Porter, who lost in the March 2024 primary.

As of June 2024, CNBC reported that Fairshake had backed the winning candidate in 33 of the 35 House and Senate primary races it had entered.

Following the 2024 presidential election, Brad Garlinghouse, CEO of Ripple Labs, claimed that the creation of Fairshake and other legislative efforts around cryptocurrency regulation are a reaction to the federal government's "War on Crypto."

Super PAC
Independent expenditure-only political action committees, commonly known as super PACs, are a type of political action committees (PACs) in the United States. Unlike traditional PACs, super PACs are legally allowed to fundraise unlimited amounts of money from individuals or organizations for the purpose of campaign advertising; however, they are not permitted to either coordinate with or contribute directly to candidate campaigns or political parties. Super PACs are subject to the same organizational, reporting, and public disclosure requirements as traditional PACs. Many super PACs are candidate-oriented but some focus on specific issues, an industry, a piece of legislation or a federal administrative rule.
Edward Montagu (1672–1710)
Edward Montagu (1672–1710) was an English politician, elected as Member of Parliament for Chippenham in 1698. His kinsman Alexander Popham, one of the two Chippenham Members since 1690, in 1698 stood instead in Bath, making way for Montagu.

Alexander Popham (died 1705)
Alexander Popham (c. 1670 – 16 June 1705), of Littlecote House, Littlecote, Wiltshire, and St. James's Square, London, was an English politician.

He was the only son of Sir Francis Popham of Littlecote Park.

Popham was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Chippenham in 1690–1698 and for Bath from 1698 until his death on 16 June 1705.

He married Anne Montagu, daughter of Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu. Their daughter, Elizabeth (died 20 March 1761), married firstly Edward Montagu, Viscount Hinchingbrooke, and secondly Francis Seymour, of Sherborne, Dorset.
William H. Yale
William Hall Yale (November 12, 1831 – January 25, 1917) was a Minnesota lawyer and Republican politician who served as Senator and sixth Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota. He was made regent of the University of Minnesota in 1894 by Governor Nelson, and was a member of the Episcopal Church.

Thomas Wilson (Minnesota politician)
Thomas Wilson (May 16, 1827 – April 3, 1910) was an Irish-born American lawyer, Minnesota congressman and state legislator, associate justice and the second chief justice of the Minnesota Supreme Court.

Wilson was born in Dungannon, County Tyrone, Ireland, U.K., and attended the common schools. He immigrated to the United States in 1839 with his parents, who settled in Venango County, Pennsylvania.
Battle of Kroppenhof
The Battle of Kroppenhof was fought during the Polish–Swedish War (1621–1625), between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Swedish Empire on November 28, 1621. Polish-Lithuanian forces under the command of Aleksander Gosiewski defeated the Swedish forces commanded by Samuel Cockburn.

Polish–Swedish War (1621–1625)
The Polish–Swedish War (1621 to 1625) was one in a series of conflicts between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden during the first half of the 17th century. It began in August 1621, when Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden invaded the Commonwealth territory of Livonia and captured Riga, one of the wealthiest and most important ports in Europe.

With their resources focused on Polish–Ottoman War (1620–1621), the Commonwealth was unable to expel the Swedes. Under the terms of the Truce of Mitawa in November 1622, they ceded Livonia north of the Daugava, while the Swedes also retained Riga.
2014 Open BNP Paribas Banque de Bretagne
The 2014 Open BNP Paribas Banque de Bretagne was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Quimper, France between 10 and 16 February 2014.

2014 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2014 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2014 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 150 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000, which represented an increase of the minimum prize money from $35,000. It was the 37th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 6th under the name of Challenger Tour.