hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2023 Mississippi State Bulldogs football team
The 2023 Mississippi State Bulldogs football team represented Mississippi State University in the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 2023 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bulldogs were led by Zach Arnett, who was promoted from defensive coordinator to head coach in December 2022 following the death of Mike Leach, until his firing on November 13, 2023.

The Mississippi State football team played its home games at Davis Wade Stadium in Starkville, Mississippi. This was also the final year for the West division as Texas and Oklahoma joined the SEC in 2024. The Mississippi State Bulldogs football team drew an average home attendance of 54,455 in 2023.

Davis Wade Stadium
Davis Wade Stadium, officially known as Davis Wade Stadium at Scott Field is the home venue for the Mississippi State Bulldogs football team. Originally constructed in 1914 as New Athletic Field, it is the second-oldest stadium in the Football Bowl Subdivision behind Georgia Tech's Bobby Dodd Stadium, and the fourth oldest in all of college football behind Penn's Franklin Field, Harvard Stadium, and Bobby Dodd Stadium. As of 2022, it has a seating capacity of 60,311 people.
2012 Open Seguros Bolívar
The 2012 Open Seguros Bolívar was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the eighth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Bogotá, Colombia between 9 and 15 July 2012.

2012 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2012 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 15 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and a total of 148 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
1952 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1952 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 58th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887.

Treaty Sarsfields were the defending champions.

Treaty Sarsfields won the championship after a 6–10 to 1–02 defeat of St. Patrick's in the final. It was their second championship title overall and their second title in succession.

1951 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1951 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 57th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887.

St. Patrick's were the defending champions.

Treaty Sarsfields won the championship after a 1–06 to 1–02 defeat of Geraldines in the final. It was their first ever championship title.
HD 143787
HD 143787 is a single star in the southern constellation of Scorpius. It is a fifth magnitude star – apparent visual magnitude of 4.973, and hence is visible to the unaided eye. The distance to HD 143787 can be estimated from its annual parallax shift of 14.4 mas, yielding a separation of 227 light years. It is moving closer to Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −37.9 km/s, and should come within 106.4 ly in 1.2 million years.

This is an evolved giant star with a stellar classification of K3 III. It is a red clump giant, which means it is on the horizontal branch and is generating energy through helium fusion at its core. At the age of 4.46 billion years, it has 1.25 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 61.7 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,370 K.

Scorpius
Scorpius is a zodiac constellation located in the Southern celestial hemisphere, where it sits near the center of the Milky Way, between Libra to the west and Sagittarius to the east. Scorpius is an ancient constellation whose recognition predates Greek culture; it is one of the 48 constellations identified by the Greek astronomer Ptolemy in the second century.
Al-Rayyan, Syria
Al-Rayyan (Arabic: الريان) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located southeast of Homs. Nearby localities include Sakrah to the north, al-Haraki to the northeast, al-Sayyid to the east, al-Riqama to the southeast, Judaydat al-Sharqiyah to the southwest, Maskanah to the west and Zaidal and Fairouzeh to the northwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Rayyan had a population of 4,876 in the 2004 census.

Maskanah, Homs Governorate
Maskanah (Arabic: مسكنة) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located just south of Homs. Nearby localities include Kafr Aya, Qattinah and Abil to the west, Jandar to the south and Fairouzeh and Zaidal to the northeast. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Maskanah had a population of 4,430 in the 2004 census. In 1945 the village had 900 inhabitants. Its inhabitants are predominantly Syriac Christians of the Syriac Orthodox Church and Syriac Catholic Church.
Raffaele Maffei
Raffaele (or Raffaello) Maffei OSM (17 February 1451 – 25 January 1522) was an Italian humanist, historian and theologian; and member of the Servite Order. He was a native of Volterra, Italy, and therefore is called Raphael Volaterranus or Raphael of Volterra; also Maffeus Volaterranus, or Raffaele Volterrano. Raffaele Maffei wrote the Commentaria Urbana, which was an encyclopedia divided into three parts.

During his lifetime, Raffaele Maffei was in contact with many humanist philosophers including Pico della Mirandola, Angelo Poliziano, and Michele Marullo. He had an amicable relationship with the Florentine Lorenzo de' Medici, despite Antonio Maffei's involvement in the Pazzi conspiracy. Raffaele and his brother Mario were close to the first Medici pope, Pope Leo X. When Raffaele left the Papal Curia, he remained aware of Roman events due to his correspondence with family members working in Rome. He was known in the Italian Peninsula and widely in Europe for his humanist writings.

Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
Giovanni Pico dei conti della Mirandola e della Concordia (/ˈpiːkoʊ ˌdɛlə mɪˈrændələ, -ˈrɑːn-/ PEE-koh DEL-ə mirr-A(H)N-də-lə, Italian: [dʒoˈvanni ˈpiːko della miˈrandola]; Latin: Johannes Picus de Mirandula; 24 February 1463 – 17 November 1494), known as Pico della Mirandola, was an Italian Renaissance nobleman and philosopher. He is famed for the events of 1486, when, at the age of 23, he proposed to defend 900 theses on religion, philosophy, natural philosophy, and magic against all comers, for which he wrote the Oration on the Dignity of Man, which has been called the "Manifesto of the Renaissance", and a key text of Renaissance humanism and of what has been called the "Hermetic Reformation". He was the founder of the tradition of Christian Kabbalah, a key tenet of early modern Western esotericism. The 900 Theses was the first printed book to be universally banned by the Church. Pico is sometimes seen as a proto-Protestant, because his 900 theses anticipated many Protestant views.
Penn Central Transportation Company
The Penn Central Transportation Company, commonly abbreviated to Penn Central, was an American class I railroad that operated from 1968 to 1976. Penn Central combined three traditional corporate rivals (the Pennsylvania, New York Central and the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroads), each of which were united by large-scale service into the New York metropolitan area and to a lesser extent New England and Chicago.

Barely two years after its formation, the new company failed, representing the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history at the time. Penn Central's railroad assets were subsequently nationalized into Conrail along with those of other bankrupt northeastern railroads; its real estate and insurance holdings successfully reorganized into American Premier Underwriters.

Railroad classes
Railroad classes are the system by which freight railroads are designated in the United States. Railroads are assigned to Class I, II or III according to annual revenue criteria originally set by the Surface Transportation Board in 1992. With annual adjustments for inflation, the 2019 thresholds were US$504,803,294 for Class I carriers and US$40,384,263 for Class II carriers. (Smaller carriers were Class III by default.)

There are six Class I freight railroad companies in the United States: BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian National Railway, CPKC, Norfolk Southern Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad. Canadian National also operates in Canada and CPKC operates in Canada and Mexico.

In addition, the national passenger railroad in the United States, Amtrak, would qualify as Class I if it were a freight carrier, as would Canada's Via Rail passenger service. Mexico's Ferromex freight railroad would also qualify as Class I, but it does not operate in the United States.
Jake Odorizzi
Jacob Todd Odorizzi (born March 27, 1990) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Kansas City Royals, Tampa Bay Rays, Minnesota Twins, Houston Astros, and Atlanta Braves. The Milwaukee Brewers selected Odorizzi in the first round, with the 32nd overall choice, of the 2008 MLB draft. He made his MLB debut in 2012 with the Royals.

Batted ball
In the sports of baseball and softball, a batted ball is a pitch that has been contacted by the batter's bat. Batted balls are either fair or foul, and can be characterized as a fly ball, pop-up, line drive, or ground ball.  In baseball, a foul ball counts as a strike against the batter, unless there are already two strikes on the batter, with special rules applying to foul tips and foul bunts. Fly balls are those hit in an arcing manner, with pop-ups being a subset of fly balls that do not travel far.  Line drives are batted balls hit on a straight line trajectory, while ground balls are hit at a low trajectory, contact the ground shortly after being hit, and then either roll or bounce.  Batted balls, especially line drives, can present a hazard to players, umpires, and spectators, as people have been seriously injured or killed after being struck by batted balls.
Yaw drive
The yaw drive is an important component of the horizontal axis wind turbines' yaw system. To ensure the wind turbine is producing the maximal amount of electric energy at all times, the yaw drive is used to keep the rotor facing into the wind as the wind direction changes. This only applies for wind turbines with a horizontal axis rotor. The wind turbine is said to have a yaw error if the rotor is not aligned to the wind. A yaw error implies that a lower share of the energy in the wind will be running through the rotor area. (The generated energy will be approximately proportional to the cosine of the yaw error).

Electric potential energy
Electric potential energy is a potential energy (measured in joules) that results from conservative Coulomb forces and is associated with the configuration of a particular set of point charges within a defined system. An object may be said to have electric potential energy by virtue of either its own electric charge or its relative position to other electrically charged objects.

The term "electric potential energy" is used to describe the potential energy in systems with time-variant electric fields, while the term "electrostatic potential energy" is used to describe the potential energy in systems with time-invariant electric fields.
Manoharabad railway station
Manoharabad railway station (station code MOB) is a railway station in Manoharabad of Medak District. It serves the city of Manoharabad in  Telangana State, India. It comes under Hyderabad division of South Central Railway.

Hyderabad railway division
Hyderabad railway division is one of the six divisions of South Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. The headquarters of the Division is at Secunderabad and its zonal headquarters is at Secunderabad. Even though Hyderabad has its own Division, the Hyderabad Deccan railway station itself falls under Secunderabad Railway Division. Secunderabad–Manmad section also known as Kacheguda–Manmad line is an important Railway route connecting the States of Telangana and Maharashtra, most stations on this route are administered by Hyderabad Division and Nanded railway division.
Chevrolet Corvette (C7)
The Chevrolet Corvette (C7) is the seventh generation of the Corvette sports car manufactured by American automobile manufacturer Chevrolet from 2014 until 2019. The first C7 Corvettes were delivered in the third quarter of 2013. The racing variants include the C7.R, which won the GTLM 24 Hours of Le Mans.

Pratt Miller
Pratt Miller Engineering, formerly known as Pratt & Miller, is an American company involved in the automotive and arms industries. It was founded by Gary Pratt and Jim Miller in 1989. A defense division was added in 2013 and the company was acquired by Oshkosh Corporation in 2020. The company is headquartered in the unincorporated community of New Hudson, in Lyon Township, Oakland County, Michigan. They are best known as service providers for many of General Motors' motorsports programs, including the operation of the Corvette Racing team and their own Pratt Miller Motorsports.
Luigi Farace
Luigi Farace (14 October 1934 – 30 November 2018) was an Italian politician, businessman, and a member the Christian Democrats of Italy. He served as the Mayor of Bari from 1978 until 1981. He was then elected to Chamber of Deputies for two terms during the X and XI legislatures from 1987 to 1994.

Farace died in Bari on 30 November 2018 at the age of 84.

Mayor of Bari
The mayor of Bari is an elected politician who, along with the Bari's city council, is accountable for the strategic government of Bari in Apulia, Italy, the biggest city of the region.

The current mayor is Vito Leccese from the Democratic Party, who took office on 9 July 2024.
Gmina Igołomia-Wawrzeńczyce
Gmina Igołomia-Wawrzeńczyce is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Wawrzeńczyce, which lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) east of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 62.59 square kilometres (24.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,661.

Kraków County
Kraków County (Polish: powiat krakowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Kraków, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city with powiat rights). The county contains five towns: Skawina, 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Kraków, Krzeszowice, 24 km (15 mi) west of Kraków, Słomniki, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Kraków, Skała, 20 km (12 mi) north of Kraków, and Świątniki Górne, 15 km (9 mi) south of Kraków.

The county covers an area of 1,229.62 square kilometres (474.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 278,219, out of which the population of Skawina is 24,340, that of Krzeszowice is 10,014, that of Słomniki is 4,343, that of Skała is 3,798, that of Świątniki Górne is 2,431, and the rural population is 233,293.
Megan Gunnar
Megan R. Gunnar is an American child psychologist, currently Regents Professor and McKnight University Professor at University of Minnesota and an Elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. In 2021, she will receive the James McKeen Cattell Lifetime Achievement Award for Applied Research from the Association for Psychological Science (APS).  She is the main investigator for the International Adoption Project. She was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2022. She was awarded the James McKeen Cattell Fellow Award in 2021.

James McKeen Cattell Fellow Award
The James McKeen Cattell Fellow Award is an award of the Association for Psychological Science given since 1992. The award is named after James McKeen Cattell and "honors  individuals for their lifetime of significant intellectual contributions to the basic science of psychology." As part of APS's 25th Anniversary, the APS Board of Directors recognized a larger class of James McKeen Cattell Fellows in 2013, identifying them as individuals who have had a profound impact on the field of psychological science over the previous quarter century.”
2008–09 AZAL PFC season
The Olimpik Baku 2008–09 season was Olimpik Baku's fourth Azerbaijan Premier League season and their third season with Asgar Abdullayev as manager. They participated in the 2008–09 Azerbaijan Premier League as well as the 2008–09 Azerbaijan Cup, finishing the league in 6th place, being knocked out of the Cup at the Quarterfinal stage by Gabala and going out of the UEFA Cup at the 1st Qualifying Round stage after defeat to Vojvodina.

2008–09 Azerbaijan Cup
The Azerbaijan Cup 2008–09 was the 17th season of the annual cup competition in Azerbaijan. It started on 17 September 2008 with two games of Preliminary Round and ended on 23 May 2009 with the Final held at Tofik Bakhramov Stadium in Baku. Khazar Lenkoran were the defending champions. Eighteen teams compete in this year's competition.
Edward Edwards (librarian)
Edward Edwards (1812–1886) was a British librarian, library historian, and biographer. He was an important figure in the establishment of free libraries in the United Kingdom. He died and is buried in Niton on the Isle of Wight.

Library and information scientist
A library and information scientist, also known as a library scholar, is a researcher or academic who specializes in the field of library and information science and often participates in scholarly writing about and related to library and information science. A library and information scientist is neither limited to any one subfield of library and information science nor any one particular type of library. These scientists come from all information-related sectors including library and book history.
Battle of Leros
The Battle of Leros was a combat over the Greek island of Leros between the  Allies defending it and invading forces of Nazi Germany waged between 26 September and 16 November 1943. Regarded as the central event of the Dodecanese campaign of the Second World War, the term is widely used as an alternative name for the whole campaign. After the Armistice of Cassibile the Italian garrison on the Greek island Leros was strengthened by British forces on 15 September 1943. The battle began with German air attacks, continued with the landings on 12 November, and ended with the capitulation of the Allied forces four days later.

Marinefährprahm
The Marinefährprahm (MFP, naval ferry barge) was the largest landing craft operated by the German Kriegsmarine during World War II. The MFP was used for transport, mine laying, as an escort and a gunboat in the Mediterranean, Baltic and Black Seas as well as the English Channel and Norwegian coastal waters. Originally developed for Operation Sea Lion the proposed invasion of England, the first of these ships was commissioned on 16 April 1941, with approximately 700 being completed by the end of war. Allied sources sometimes refer to this class of vessel as a "Flak Lighter" or "F-lighter".
Bibliography of Max Born
Max Born was a widely influential German physicist and mathematician who was awarded the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics for his pivotal role in the development of quantum mechanics. Born won the prize primarily for his contributions to the statistical interpretation of the wave function, though he is known for his work in several areas of quantum mechanics as well as solid-state physics, optics, and special relativity. Born's entry in the Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society included thirty books and 330 papers.

Leopold Infeld
Leopold Infeld (20 August 1898 – 15 January 1968) was a Polish physicist who worked mainly in Poland and Canada (1938–1950). He was a Rockefeller fellow at Cambridge University (1933–1934) and a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
Parents in Arms
Parents in Arms was a community organization active in the 1980s in Seattle which petitioned the Seattle City Council for the creation of the Teen Dance Ordinance. Seattle-area attorney David Crosby established it in 1985 when his 14-year-old son Ian ran away from home after various acts of teenage rebellion. The closure of The Monastery, a church and disco with gay youth patrons, was an objective of the organization.

Youth homelessness
Youth homelessness is the problem of homelessness or housing insecurity amongst young people around the globe, extending beyond the absence of physical housing in most definitions and capturing familial instability, poor housing conditions, or future uncertainty (couch surfing, van living, hotels). Youth Homelessness affects people globally, transcending borders. Policies to alleviate this challenge have been implemented in nations worldwide, yet the challenge of keeping young people off the streets persists. Foundational struggles involving addiction, familial unrest, or abuse often lead to young people choosing to leave or being forced out of their homes before they are adequately prepared to be on their own.
Auguste Xoagus
Auguste Xoagus (died 2009) was a Namibian politician. A member of SWAPO, Xoagus was a regional councilor for her party in Khorixas in the northwestern Kunene Region. Xoagus was on SWAPO list place 36 in the 2009 Namibian general election. SWAPO obtained 54 seats, placing her comfortably into the 5th National Assembly of Namibia. However, Xoagus died on 3 December 2009 before the 5th Assembly was sworn in. Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah, #55 on the list, took her place.

SWAPO
The South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO /ˈswɑːpoʊ/; Afrikaans: Suidwes-Afrikaanse Volks Organisasie, SWAVO; German: Südwestafrikanische Volksorganisation, SWAVO), officially known as the SWAPO Party of Namibia, is a political party and former independence movement in Namibia (formerly South West Africa). Founded in 1960, it has been the governing party in Namibia since the country achieved independence in 1990. The party continues to be dominated in number and influence by the Ovambo ethnic group.

SWAPO held a two-thirds majority in parliament from 1994 to 2019. In the general election held in November 2019, the party won 65.5% of the popular vote and 63 out of the 104 seats in the National Assembly. It also holds 28 out of the 42 seats in the National Council. From November 2017 until his death in February 2024, Namibian President Hage Geingob remained the president of SWAPO after being elected to the position at the party's electoral congress.
Stericated 7-simplexes
In seven-dimensional geometry, a stericated 7-simplex is a convex uniform 7-polytope with 4th order truncations (sterication) of the regular 7-simplex.

There are 14 unique sterication for the 7-simplex with permutations of truncations, cantellations, and runcinations.

7-simplex
In 7-dimensional geometry, a 7-simplex is a self-dual regular 7-polytope. It has 8 vertices, 28 edges, 56 triangle faces, 70 tetrahedral cells, 56 5-cell 5-faces, 28 5-simplex 6-faces, and 8 6-simplex 7-faces. Its dihedral angle is cos−1(1/7), or approximately 81.79°.
Discovery Rock
Discovery Rock (54°9′S 36°35′W﻿ / ﻿54.150°S 36.583°W﻿ / -54.150; -36.583) is a submerged rock in Stromness Bay, South Georgia, lying 0.7 nautical miles (1.3 km) north-northeast of Ems Rock. The rock was positioned by Discovery Investigations personnel under Lieutenant Commander J.M. Chaplin, Royal Navy, who made surveys of Stromness Bay in 1927 and 1929. They probably applied the name, which is now well established in local use.

Ems Rock
Ems Rock (54°10′S 36°35′W﻿ / ﻿54.167°S 36.583°W﻿ / -54.167; -36.583) is a rock midway between Harrison Point and Busen Point in the south part of Stromness Bay, South Georgia. It was charted by Discovery Investigations personnel under Lieutenant Commander J.M. Chaplin in 1927 and 1929, and was named in 1957 by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for the sailing vessel Ems, owned by the Tonsberg Hvalfangeri, Husvik, located at the head of Husvik Harbour in Stromness Bay.