hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mutual majority criterion
The mutual majority criterion is a criterion for evaluating electoral systems. It is also known as the majority criterion for solid coalitions and the generalized majority criterion. This criterion requires that whenever a majority of voters prefer a group of candidates above all others, then the winner must be a candidate from that group. The mutual majority criterion may also be thought of as the single-winner case of Droop-Proportionality for Solid Coalitions.

Proportionality for solid coalitions
Proportionality for solid coalitions (PSC) is a criterion of proportionality for ranked voting systems. It is an adaptation of the quota rule to voting systems in which there are no official party lists, and voters can directly support candidates. The criterion was first proposed by the British philosopher and logician Michael Dummett.

PSC is a relatively minimal definition of proportionality. To be guaranteed representation, a coalition of voters must rank all candidates within the same party first before candidates of other parties. And PSC does not guarantee proportional representation if voters rank candidates of different parties together (as they will no longer form a solid coalition).
Krasny Avenue
Krasny Prospekt (Russian: Красный проспект) or Krasny Avenue (lit. Red Avenue) is the central street and major thoroughfare in the city of Novosibirsk, Russia. Until 1920, it was known as the Nikolaevsky Prospekt (Russian: Никола́евский проспект) or Nicholas' Avenue. Its length is about 7 km. It runs across the central part of the city starting from the right bank of the Ob River and terminates in the vicinity of Severny Airport. The main square of Novosibirsk – Lenin Square – is a part of Krasny prospekt, as well as Sverdlov and Kalinin squares.

Severny Airport
Severny Airport (Russian: Аэропорт "Северный", English: Northern airport) (ICAO: UNCC) was a small airport in northern part of Novosibirsk, Russia. Opened in 1929, it was the only airport in Novosibirsk until Tolmachevo Airport opened in 1957. JSC "Novosibirsk Air Enterprise" was the main airline operating out of this airport, serving regional routes by An-2, An-24, An-26, An-30, and Let-410 aircraft.

Following the second bankruptcy of Novosibirsk Air Enterprise (after which the airline ceased operations) in 2010, the airport closed in February 2011. As of 2015, part of its airfield is used as a heliport for local police helicopters and a nearby aircraft maintenance facility.
2021 in poetry
Major poetry related events taking place worldwide during 2021 are outlined below under different sections. This includes poetry books released during the year in different languages, major literary awards, poetry festivals and events, besides anniversaries and deaths of renowned poets etc. Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, India or France).

Struga Poetry Evenings
Struga Poetry Evenings (SPE) (Macedonian: Струшки вечери на поезијата, СВП;  Albanian: Mbrëmjet e Poezisë në Strugë, MPS) is an international poetry festival held annually in Struga, North Macedonia. During the several decades of its existence, the Festival has awarded its most prestigious award, the Golden Wreath, to some of the most notable international poets, including: Mahmoud Darwish, Sachchidananda Hirananda Vatsyayan Agyey, W. H. Auden, Joseph Brodsky, Allen Ginsberg, Bulat Okudzhava, Pablo Neruda, Eugenio Montale, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Artur Lundkvist, Hans Magnus Enzensberger, Nichita Stănescu,  Ted Hughes, Ko Un, Adunis, Makoto Ooka, Miroslav Krleža, Yehuda Amichai, Seamus Heaney, Tomas Gösta Tranströmer, Bei Dao, Amir Or and domestic authors such as Blaže Koneski and Mateja Matevski.
Buteogallus milleri
Buteogallus milleri is an extinct species of buteonine hawk. The only remains discovered—a fragmentary coracoid (the holotype) and the distal half of a humerus—are from Hawver Cave in El Dorado County, California. B. milleri was larger than Buteogallus fragilis or Geranoaetus melanoleucus (the black-chested buzzard-eagle), and close in size to the Cuban species Buteogallus borrasi. However, there is not yet enough material to fully assess the similarities between B. milleri and B. borrasi. B. milleri is named after paleontologist Loye Miller.

Buteogallus borrasi
Buteogallus borrasi is a species of giant buteonine hawk which went extinct in the early Holocene. Formerly endemic to Cuba, this huge bird of prey probably fed on Pleistocene megafauna. Little is known about its appearance and ecology, so no common name has been given.

Because of its eagle-like size, it was originally assigned to Aquila borrasi. In 1982 the new binomial name Titanohierax borrasi was suggested; Aquila borrasi was found valid again in 2004. A 2007 study earned it its current classification and found close similarities to the extant great black hawk (Buteogallus urubitinga).
Greatest Hits (Geto Boys album)
Greatest Hits is the second compilation album by American hip-hop group the Geto Boys. It was released on November 19, 2002 via Rap-A-Lot Records. The album peaked at number 69 on the US Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

Greatest Hits contains a bonus DVD in some copies and has songs from all of the Geto Boys' albums released up to 2002, from  Making Trouble (1988) to Da Good da Bad & da Ugly (1998). There is also a song that had never appeared on any other Geto Boys album, "The Answer to Baby (Mary II)"; this also appeared in group member Scarface's compilation album, Balls and My Word (2003).

Making Trouble
Making Trouble is the debut studio album by the American hip-hop group the Ghetto Boys. The group originally consisted of Bushwick Bill, DJ Ready Red, Sire Jukebox and Prince Johnny C. Following the release of Making Trouble, Rap-A-Lot Records dropped Sire Jukebox and Johnny C from the group, and added Scarface and Willie D.

Making Trouble received little attention, negative reviews, and is often forgotten in the midst of the group's later successful, acclaimed and controversial albums.
Chhundo
Chhundo (Gujarati:  છૂંદો, Hindi:  छुन्दो)  is a kind of Indian pickle preparation as well as a condiment mostly made out of grated green mangoes, used in cuisine of the Indian subcontinent as an accompaniment to the main meal that consists of Roti, Sabzi and other food items. However, it is a generic form of preparation that can be made with various fruits and vegetables. Chhundo is particularly a Kathiawadi dish but is consumed across Gujarat.

Since mango is a seasonal fruit and is available in abundance only in summer in India (April–July), most mango pickles are made during this time with oil or sugar base and then preserved in large glass containers. This way Chhundo and other pickles are available for consumption throughout the year.

Roti
Roti is a round flatbread originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is commonly consumed in many South Asian, Southeast Asian, Caribbean, East African, and Southeast African countries.

It is made from stoneground whole-wheat flour, known as atta, combined into a dough with added water. Its defining characteristic is that it is unleavened. Naan from the Indian subcontinent, by contrast, is a yeast-leavened bread, as is kulcha. Like breads around the world, roti is a staple accompaniment to other foods.
Uniforms and insignia of the Kriegsmarine
The Kriegsmarine was the navy of Nazi Germany prior to and during World War II. Kriegsmarine uniform design followed that of the preexisting Reichsmarine, itself based on that of the First World War Kaiserliche Marine. Kriegsmarine styles of uniform and insignia had many features in common with those of other European navies, all derived from the British Royal Navy of the 19th century, such as officers' frock coats, sleeve braid, and the "sailor suit" uniform for enlisted personnel and petty officers.

Petty officer
A petty officer (PO) is a non-commissioned officer in many navies. They are superior to a seaman, and subordinate to more senior non-commissioned officers, such as chief petty officers.

Petty officers are usually sailors that have served at least several years in their respective navies. Petty officers represent the junior and mid-grade non-commissioned officer ranks of many naval services, and are generally responsible for the day-to-day supervision of ranks junior to them. They may also serve as technical specialists within their rating (military occupation).
Abijah (queen)
Abijah is a person named in the Old Testament. She was the daughter of a Zachariah, possibly Zachariah the son of Jeberechiah (2 Chronicles 29:1; compare Book of Isaiah 8:2), and afterwards the wife of King Ahaz (reigned c. 732 - 716 BCE) and mother of King Hezekiah (reigned c. 715-686 BCE). She is also called Abi (2 Kings 18:2).

Some writers consider Abijah to be the almah or "young woman" (at the time of the prophecy) in the Immanuel prophecy in Isaiah 7:14, and that the child who will be an infant when Rezin and Pekah are defeated by Tiglath-Pileser III (reigned 745–727 BCE) may be the future heir, Hezekiah.

Isaiah 7:14
Isaiah 7:14 is a verse in the seventh chapter of the Book of Isaiah in which the prophet Isaiah, addressing king Ahaz of Judah, promises that God will destroy the king's enemies before a child born to an almah is weaned. The Hebrew word עַלְמָה‎ (‘almāh) refers to a "young woman of childbearing age". In the Septuagint, it is translated as παρθένος (parthenos), meaning virgin, and was subsequently picked up by the gospel Matthew as a messianic prophecy of the Virgin birth of Jesus. As the word is used in reference to virgin women elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible, most English translations of the Bible use "virgin" with some exceptions, such as in the Revised Standard Version where "young woman" is used; as such, Isaiah 7:14 continues to be one of the most controversial Bible verses.
Cinema Verite (2011 film)
Cinema Verite is a 2011 HBO drama film directed by Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini. The film's main ensemble cast starred Diane Lane, Tim Robbins, James Gandolfini and Patrick Fugit. The film follows a fictionalized account of the production of An American Family, a 1973 PBS documentary television series that is said to be one of the earliest examples of the reality television genre. Principal photography was completed in Southern California. The film premiered on April 23, 2011.

I Am a Promise: The Children of Stanton Elementary School
I Am a Promise: The Children of Stanton Elementary School is a 1993 American documentary film about the pupils at Stanton Elementary School, an inner city school in Philadelphia. It was aired on HBO as part of its America Undercover series.
Monkey (character)
Monkey (also known as The Monkey, ITV Digital Monkey or PG Tips Monkey, and often pronounced /ˈmuŋkɛ/ in imitation of Johnny Vegas' Lancashire accent) is a puppet advertising character in the form of a knitted sock monkey. He was first produced by The Jim Henson Company via their UK Creature Shop, his puppeteers are Nigel Plaskitt and Susan Beattie, he was formerly voiced by comedian Ben Miller and is now currently voiced by comedian Ivo Graham.

Monkey has appeared in advertising campaigns in the United Kingdom for both the defunct television company ITV Digital and the tea brand PG Tips, as well as being occasionally featured in TV programmes, and making more obscure appearances. Monkey's first appearance was 11 July 2001, featuring in advertisements for ITV Digital. Monkey is notable as one of a small number of advertising characters to eclipse the popularity of the product they advertise and also to be reused to advertise a completely different product.

Double act
A double act (also known as a comedy duo) is a form of comedy originating in the British music hall tradition, and American vaudeville, in which two comedians perform together as a single act, often highlighting differences in their characters' personalities. Pairings are typically long-term, in some cases for the artists' entire careers. Double acts perform on the stage, television and film.

The format is particularly popular in the United Kingdom where successful acts have included Peter Cook and Dudley Moore (Cook's deadpan delivery contrasted with Moore's buffoonery), Flanagan and Allen, Morecambe and Wise, The Two Ronnies, and French and Saunders, Armstrong and Miller, and Mitchell and Webb. The tradition is also present in the United States with acts like Wheeler & Woolsey, Abbott and Costello, Gallagher and Shean, Burns and Allen, Olsen and Johnson and Lyons and Yosco. The British-American comedy double act Laurel and Hardy has been described as the most popular in the world.
1995 Acropolis International Basketball Tournament
The 10. Edition of the Acropolis International Basketball Tournament 1995  found between the 8th and 10th. June 1995 in the suburb Marousi from Athens. The total of six games were played for the first time in OAKA Olympic Indoor Hall.

In addition to the host Greek national team also take the national teams from  Slovenia and a selection from the United States part. The field of participants completed the  FR Yugoslavia just weeks later at the 1995 European Championships in Greece was able to achieve the gold medal.

In addition to the Greek, the stars of the 1995 Acropolis tournament included Panagiotis Giannakis and the Yugoslavs Dejan Bodiroga and Predrag Danilović.

Acropolis International Basketball Tournament
The Acropolis International Basketball Tournament (also known as the Acropolis of Athens Basketball Tournament and the Acropolis Basketball Cup) (Greek: Τουρνουά Ακρόπολις) is an international basketball competition that is played between national teams, which has been held almost every year since 1986, and takes place in Athens, Greece, during the summer. It takes place before the big official FIBA tournaments like the FIBA Summer Olympic Games, the FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament, the FIBA World Cup, and the FIBA EuroBasket. The tournament is named after the Athenian Acropolis. The competition is played under FIBA rules.

The tournament is organized by the Hellenic Basketball Federation (HBF), which is a member of FIBA Europe.
RHS Garden Harlow Carr
RHS Garden Harlow Carr is one of five public gardens run by the Royal Horticultural Society. It is located on the western edge of Harrogate in the English county of North Yorkshire.

The RHS acquired Harlow Carr through its merger with the Northern Horticultural Society in 2001. It had been the Northern Horticultural Society's trial ground and display garden since they bought it in 1946.

Hood mould
In architecture, a hood mould, hood, label mould (from Latin labia, lip), drip mould or dripstone is an external moulded projection from a wall over an opening to throw off rainwater, historically often in form of a pediment. This moulding can be terminated at the side by ornamentation called a label stop.

The hood mould was introduced into architecture in the Romanesque period, though they became much more common in the Gothic period. Later, with the increase in rectangular windows they became more prevalent in domestic architecture.
Information transfer
In telecommunications, information transfer is the process of moving messages containing user information from a source to a sink via a communication channel. In this sense, information transfer is equivalent to data transmission which highlights more practical, technical aspects.

The information transfer rate may or may not be equal to the transmission modulation rate.

Bidirectional information transfer is called information exchange.

Symbol rate
In a digitally modulated signal or a line code, symbol rate, modulation rate or baud is the number of symbol changes, waveform changes, or signaling events across the transmission medium per unit of time. The symbol rate is a kind of aperiodic frequency, measured in baud (Bd) or symbols per second. In the case of a line code, the symbol rate is the pulse rate in pulses per second. Each symbol can represent or convey one or several bits of data. The symbol rate is related to the gross bit rate, expressed in bits per second.
Bij1
Bij1 (Dutch: [bɛiˈeːn] ⓘ, lit. 'together'), stylised as BIJ1, formerly known as Article 1 (Dutch: Artikel 1), is a political party in the Netherlands. It is described as socialist and is on the left-wing to far-left of the political spectrum. It was founded in Amsterdam in 2016 by Sylvana Simons, a media personality and politician who was formerly briefly connected to another party, Denk. Bij1 saw a breakthrough during the 2018 municipal elections and 2021 Dutch general election in which it won representation in parliament but went through a long period of internal unrest and instability after. Former GroenLinks politician Tofik Dibi has led the party since August 2025.

2021 Dutch general election
General elections were held in the Netherlands from 15 to 17 March 2021 to elect all 150 members of the House of Representatives. Following the elections and lengthy coalition formation talks, the sitting government remained in power.

The elections had originally been scheduled to take place on 17 March; however, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the government decided to open some polling stations two days in advance to ensure safe voting for elderly and immunocompromised citizens. Citizens aged 70 years or older were also given the opportunity to vote by post.
Kårböle stave church
61°58′49.8″N 15°18′5.8″E﻿ / ﻿61.980500°N 15.301611°E﻿ / 61.980500; 15.301611
Kårböle stave church (St Olav's sacrifice church) is a reconstructed stave church in Kårböle, Ljusdal municipality, Gävleborg County, Sweden.

The church is from 1989. It's built at a site where pilgrims stopped to perform ritual sacrifice on their long walk to Nidarosdomen in Norway, during pilgrimage in the 12th century.

Ljusdal
Ljusdal (Swedish: [ˈjʉ̌ːsdal]) is a locality and the seat of Ljusdal Municipality, Gävleborg County, Sweden with 6,230 inhabitants in 2010.

Ljusdal is situated on Riksväg 83 which runs between   Tönnebro   in Söderhamn Municipality  in Gävleborg County and Ånge in Västernorrland County. It is located beside the river Ljusnan which goes from Bruksvallarna to the Gulf of Bothnia.
Ljusdal is noted for having hosted the annual Bandy World Cup in the sport of bandy from 1974 to 2008.

Three Decorated Farmhouses of Hälsingland situated in Ljusdal Municipality were inscribed in 2012 on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites.
Jean-Jacques Honorat
Jean-Jacques Honorat (April 1, 1931 – July 26, 2023) was a Haitian politician who served as the prime minister of Haiti after the 1991 coup d'état from 1991 until 1992. He was a human rights activist and philanthropist for over 60 years. He was also an author having published 16 books, including a book titled Le manifeste du dernier monde in 1980.

Prime Minister of Haiti
The prime minister of Haiti (French: Premier ministre d'Haïti, Haitian Creole: Premye Minis Ayiti) is the head of government of Haiti. The office was created under the Constitution of 1987; previously, all executive power was held by the president or head of state, who appointed and chaired the Council of Ministers. The office is currently held by Alix Didier Fils-Aimé who has been serving as acting prime minister since 10 November 2024.
Mount Adair
Mount Adair is a prominent 5,178-foot (1,578 m) double summit mountain located in the Kenai Mountains, on the Kenai Peninsula, in the U.S. state of Alaska. The east summit is higher than the 4,940-foot west peak. The mountain is situated in Chugach National Forest, 6.8 mi (11 km) north of Mount Ascension, 7.2 mi (12 km) west of Andy Simons Mountain, and 17 mi (27 km) north of Seward, Alaska. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into Kenai Lake. Mount Adair's local name was reported in 1951 by the U.S. Geological Survey.

Seward, Alaska
Seward (Alutiiq: Qutalleq; Dena'ina: Tl'ubugh) is an incorporated home rule city in Alaska, United States. Located on Resurrection Bay, a fjord of the Gulf of Alaska on the Kenai Peninsula, Seward is situated on Alaska's southern coast, approximately 120 miles (190 km) by road from Alaska's largest city, Anchorage.

With a population of 2,717 people as of the 2020 census, Seward is the fourth-largest city in the Kenai Peninsula Borough, behind Kenai, Homer, and the borough seat of Soldotna. The city is named for former United States Secretary of State William H. Seward, who orchestrated the United States' purchase of Alaska from the Russian Empire in 1867 while serving in this position as part of President Andrew Johnson's administration.

Seward is the southern terminus of the Alaska Railroad and the historic starting point of the original Iditarod Trail to Interior Alaska, with Mile 0 of the trail marked on the shoreline at the southern end of town.
Butterfly haircut
The butterfly haircut is a hairstyle featuring numerous layers to create volume throughout the hair. It blends shorter and longer layers throughout the hair, as well as face-framing layers. According to L'Oreal Paris, the butterfly haircut "is going to be a flattering style for most", though it works best for individuals whose hair is at least shoulder length.

The butterfly haircut was first introduced in 1950s, then arose to popularity in the 1990s and mid-2010s. It became highly popular in 2023 via TikTok and other social media platforms.

People who have worn a butterfly haircut include Shania Twain, Christie Brinkley, Matilda Djerf, and Hailee Steinfeld.

Hairstyle
A hairstyle, hairdo, haircut, or coiffure refers to the styling of hair, usually on the human head but sometimes on the face or body. The fashioning of hair can be considered an aspect of personal grooming, fashion, and cosmetics, although practical, cultural, and popular considerations also influence some hairstyles.

The oldest known depiction of hair styling is hair braiding, which dates back about 30,000 years. Women's hair was often elaborately and carefully dressed in special ways, though it was also frequently kept covered outside the home, especially for married women.
Russian monitor Admiral Spiridov
The Russian monitor Admiral Spiridov was the name ship of her class of monitors built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the late 1860s. The ship was assigned to the Baltic Fleet upon completion and remained there for her entire career. Aside from an accidental collision her service was uneventful. The sister ships were reclassified as coast-defense ironclads in 1892 before they became training ships in 1900. Admiral Spiridov was stricken from the Navy List in 1907 and became a coal-storage barge. Her ultimate fate is unknown.

Admiral Spiridov-class monitor
The Admiral Spiridov class were a pair of monitors built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the late 1860s. The sister ships were assigned to the Baltic Fleet upon completion and remained there for their entire careers. Aside from several accidental collisions and one grounding, their careers were uneventful. They were reclassified as coast-defense ironclads in 1892 before they became training ships in 1900. The Admiral Spiridovs were stricken from the Navy List in 1907; one ship became a stationary target and the other a coal-storage barge. Their ultimate fates are unknown.
1931 Speedway Northern League
The 1931 Northern League was the third season of speedway racing in the United Kingdom for Northern British teams. It was the final season of the Northern League before amalgamation with the Southern League which also had their third season known as the 1931 Speedway Southern League.

Knockout Cup (speedway)
Knockout Cup (sometimes referred to as the KO Cup) is a type of British motorcycle speedway competition, examples of which have run annually since 1929.

Each tier of British Speedway has its own respective Knockout Cup. The current Knockout Cup competitions are the SGB Premiership Knockout Cup (tier one), the SGB Championship Knockout Cup (tier two) and the National League Knockout Cup (tier three).

The cups were run in the past under the associated name of the League at the time. For example Elite League Knockout Cup when tier one was the Elite League, a Premier League Knockout Cup when tier two was the Premier League and so on.