hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Causes of mental disorders
A mental disorder is an impairment of the mind disrupting normal thinking, feeling, mood, behavior, or social interactions, and accompanied by significant distress or dysfunction. The causes of mental disorders are very complex and vary depending on the particular disorder and the individual. Although the causes of most mental disorders are not fully understood, researchers have identified a variety of biological, psychological, and environmental factors that can contribute to the development or progression of mental disorders. Most mental disorders result in a combination of several different factors rather than just a single factor.

Coping
Coping refers to the application of coping mechanisms, conscious and unconscious cognitions that people use to manage unpleasant emotions, stress and anxiety. Coping mechanisms can be adaptive, meaning that they successfully improve the well-being of the person applying them, or maladaptive, meaning they may manage a specific unpleasant emotion, but at the expense of other aspects of one's mental and/or physical health.
1959 John Carroll Blue Streaks football team
The 1959 John Carroll Blue Streaks football team was an American football team that represented John Carroll University as a member of the Presidents' Athletic Conference (PAC) during the 1959 college football season. In their first season under head coach John Ray, the Blue Streaks compiled a perfect 7–0 record, won the PAC championship, shut out five of seven opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 218 to 20. They gave up only three touchdowns, one of which was off an interception returned for a touchdown.  The team was inducted into the John Carroll University Athletic Hall of Fame in 2009. It is one of three perfect seasons in John Carroll football history along with 1962 and 1963.

The team played its home games at Hosford Stadium in Cleveland Heights, Ohio.

1963 John Carroll Blue Streaks football team
The 1963 John Carroll Blue Streaks football team was an American football team that represented John Carroll University in the Presidents' Athletic Conference (PAC) during the 1963 NCAA College Division football season. The team compiled a 7–0 record, won the PAC championship, and outscored opponents by a total of 140 to 28. It was the team's second consecutive undefeated season.

John Ray was the team's head coach for the fifth year. In January 1964, he resigned his position with John Carroll to join Ara Parseghian's staff at Notre Dame.
Ursuline Church of the Holy Trinity
Ursuline Church of the Holy Trinity (Slovene: uršulinska cerkev sv. Trojice or uršulinska cerkev Sv. Trojice), or briefly Ursuline Church (uršulinska cerkev), officially Holy Trinity Church (Cerkev svete Trojice), also Nun Church (nunska cerkev), is a parish church in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. It is located at Slovene Street (Slovenska cesta), along the western border of Congress Square. It was built between 1718 and 1726 in the Baroque style.

1895 Ljubljana earthquake
On 14 April 1895, a 6.1 magnitude earthquake struck Ljubljana, the capital and largest city of Carniola, a crown land of Austria-Hungary and the capital of modern-day Slovenia. It was the most, and the last, destructive earthquake in the history of Ljubljana.
Hugh Rawson
Hugh Rawson (September 12, 1936 - June 1, 2013) was an American editor and author. He was the director of Penguin USA’s reference books operations and, for 12 years, worked as the editor of the Bulletin of The Authors Guild. He wrote or co-wrote a dozen books, including Wicked Words: A Treasury of Curses, Insults, Put-Downs, and Other Formerly Unprintable Terms (1989), A Dictionary of Euphemisms & Other Doubletalk (1981), and The Oxford Dictionary of American Quotations (2005).

American Heritage (magazine)
American Heritage is a magazine dedicated to covering the history of the United States for a mainstream readership. Until 2007, the magazine was published by Forbes. Since that time, Edwin S. Grosvenor has been its editor and publisher. Print publication was suspended early in 2013, but the magazine relaunched in digital format with the Summer 2017 issue after a Kickstarter campaign raised $31,203 from 587 backers. The 70th Anniversary issue of the magazine (Winter 2020) on the subject "What Makes America Great?" includes essays by such historians as Fergus Bordewich, Douglas Brinkley, Joseph Ellis, and David S. Reynolds.
HD 155358
HD 155358 is a low metallicity yellow dwarf star 44 pc away in the constellation Hercules. This star is known to be orbited by two extrasolar planets.

The star is 11.9 billion years old and has a mass 0.85 times that of the Sun. At the time of the planets' discoveries, it was notable for being the lowest metallicity planet-bearing star known, with an iron-to-hydrogen ratio 21% of the solar value.

G-type main-sequence star
A G-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence star of spectral type G. The spectral luminosity class is V.  Such a star has about 0.9 to 1.1 solar masses and an effective temperature between about 5,300 and 6,000 K (5,000 and 5,700 °C; 9,100 and 10,000 °F).  Like other main-sequence stars, a G-type main-sequence star converts the element hydrogen to helium in its core by means of nuclear fusion.

The Sun is an example of a G-type main-sequence star (more specifically a G2V star). Each second, the Sun fuses approximately 600 million tons of hydrogen into helium in a process known as the proton–proton chain (4 hydrogens form 1 helium), converting about 4 million tons of matter to energy. Besides the Sun, other well-known examples of G-type main-sequence stars include Alpha Centauri, Tau Ceti, and 51 Pegasi.
Tanks of the Soviet Union
This article deals with the history and development of tanks of the Soviet Union and its successor state, the Russian Federation; from their first use after World War I, into the interwar period, during World War II, the Cold War and modern era.

IS tank family
The IS tanks (Russian: ИС) were a series of heavy tanks developed as a successor to the KV-series by the Soviet Union during World War II. The IS acronym is the anglicized initialism of Joseph Stalin (Ио́сиф Ста́лин, Iosif Stalin). The heavy tanks were designed as a response to the capture of a German Tiger I in 1943. They were mainly designed as breakthrough tanks, firing a heavy high-explosive shell that was useful against entrenchments and bunkers. The IS-2 went into service in April 1944 and was used as a spearhead by the Red Army in the final stage of the Battle of Berlin. The IS-3 served on the Chinese-Soviet border, the Hungarian Revolution, the Prague Spring and on both sides of the Six-Day War. The series eventually culminated in the T-10 heavy tank.
Paul Touvier
Paul Claude Marie Touvier (French pronunciation: [pɔl tuvje]; 3 April 1915 – 17 July 1996) was a French Nazi collaborator and war criminal during World War II in Occupied France. In 1994, he became the first Frenchman ever convicted of crimes against humanity, for his participation in the Holocaust under Vichy France.

Philippe Henriot
Philippe Henriot (7 January 1889 – 28 June 1944) was a French poet, journalist, politician, and Nazi collaborator who served as Secretary of State for Information and Propaganda for Vichy France. He was also a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1932 to 1942, representing Gironde. Henriot was known for his influential speeches in support of collaborationism, which eventually led to his 1944 assassination by the French Resistance.
Kusnyshcha
Kusnyshcha (Ukrainian: Куснища; Polish: Kuśniszcze) is a village in western Ukraine, in the Kovel Raion in Volyn Oblast, but was formerly administered within Liuboml Raion.
The population of the village is just about 1800 people and covers an area of 4,19 km2. Local government is administered by Kusnyshcha Village Council.
Kusnyshcha located in the Liuboml Raion along the Highway T0308 Ukraine – Liuboml – Shatsk – Brest. It is situated in the 130 kilometres (81 mi) from the regional center Lutsk, 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) from the district center Liuboml and 125 kilometres (78 mi) from Brest.
The first mention of Kusnyshcha in written sources belong to 1564. But according to others sources, the settlement was founded back in 1510.

Liuboml Raion
Liuboml Raion (Ukrainian: Любомльський район) was a raion in Volyn Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was the town of Liuboml. The raion was abolished and its territory was merged into Kovel Raion on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Volyn Oblast to four. The last estimate of the raion population was 38,578 (2020 est.)
JQWidgets
jQWidgets is a software framework with widgets (graphical control elements), themes, input validation, drag & drop plug-in, data adapters, built-in WAI-ARIA accessibility, internationalization and MVVM support. It is built on the open standards and technologies HTML5, CSS, JavaScript and jQuery. This library is used for developing responsive web and mobile applications. Some developers consider jQWidgets one of the top alternatives to the open-source jQuery UI.

Some notable users of jQWidgets include Green Card Program USA, the French citizen portal Vie-publique.fr, the University of Iowa and the University of Maryland. The framework is also used in NSB/AppStudio.

jQWidgets has been integrated with a variety of other frameworks and web technologies, such as Vue.js, React, Angular 2+, AngularJS, TypeScript, Apache Cordova, WordPress, Joomla, Bootstrap and Knockout.

Vue.js
Vue.js (commonly referred to as Vue; pronounced "view") is an open-source model–view–viewmodel front end JavaScript framework for building user interfaces and single-page applications. It was created by Evan You and is maintained by him and the rest of the active core team members.
Vas County
Vas (Hungarian: Vas vármegye, pronounced [ˈvɒʃ]; German: Komitat Eisenburg; Slovene: Železna županija or županija Železna; Croatian: Željezna županija) is an administrative county (comitatus or vármegye) of Hungary. It was also one of the counties of the former Kingdom of Hungary. It is part of the Centrope Project.

Counties of Hungary
Hungary is subdivided administratively into 19 counties (vármegyék, singular: vármegye) and the capital city (főváros) Budapest. The counties are further subdivided into 174 districts (járások, singular: járás). The capital Budapest is subdivided into 23 districts (kerületek, singular: kerület).

There are 25 cities with county rights (megyei jogú városok, singular: megyei jogú város), sometimes called urban counties. The local authorities of these towns have extended powers but they are not independent territorial units.

The current system of counties has evolved from medieval fiefdoms of the Kingdom of Hungary; each fiefdom was ruled from a castle (Hungarian: vár). Between 1950 and 2022, the counties of Hungary were officially called megyék (singular: megye). On 1 January 2023, the original historical name vármegye was officially restored.
Silvio Spaventa
Silvio Spaventa (12 May 1822 – 20 June 1893) was an Italian journalist, politician and statesman who played a leading role in the unification of Italy, and subsequently held important positions within the newly formed Italian state.

Council of State (Italy)
The Council of State (Italian: Consiglio di Stato) is a legal-administrative consultative body that ensures the legality of public administration in Italy. The council has jurisdiction over all administrative authorities' acts, except when these authorities lack discretionary power, in which case the dispute is considered one of civil law.
St Austell RFC
St Austell RFC is a Cornish rugby union club based in the town of St Austell and was founded in 1963. The club run three senior men's teams as well as ladies side, a colts and multiple junior/mini sides. The club's kit is red and white hoops and the first team currently play in Regional 1 South West with home games at Tregorrick Park.

Redruth R.F.C.
Redruth RFC (established 1875) is a rugby union club from the town of Redruth, Cornwall, currently playing in the fourth tier of the English league system, National League 2 West. The club runs a number of men's teams including 1st XV (National League 2 West), 2nd XV (Counties 1 Tribute Western West), Ladies XV, Colts and a Select XV as well as a number of junior teams from age 7 through to 16. They are one of the most successful club sides in Cornwall, having won the Cornwall Cup ten times and the Cornwall Super Cup three times, and are currently the second highest ranked club side behind the Cornish Pirates. Redruth enjoys a strong rivalry with neighbours Camborne, with the two clubs meeting annually on Boxing Day, in a fixture that dates back to 1928.
Jewish Theatre of Pittsburgh
Jewish Theatre of Pittsburgh is a Pittsburgh-based theatre company that produces theatre from a Jewish perspective.  Established in 2001 by Tito Braunstein, the company held productions in the Jewish Community Center in Squirrel Hill until 2007, when it went dark.  In 2011, the theater re-formed with a new board of directors and began producing plays at the Rodef Shalom Congregation in Shadyside.  The theatre has produced established plays such as Israel Horovitz's Lebensraum, Arthur Miller's The Price, and Alfred Uhry's The Last Night of Ballyhoo, as well as newer works such as Aaron Posner's The Chosen and Amy Hartman's Mazel and musicals such as That's Life and Jason Robert Brown's The Last Five Years.

Rodef Shalom Congregation
Rodef Shalom Congregation (Hebrew: רודף שלום, lit. 'Pursuer of Peace') is an historic Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 4905 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in the United States. The  landmark building was designed by architect Henry Hornbostel and completed in the Beaux-Arts style.

Located on Fifth Avenue on the border of the Oakland and Shadyside neighborhoods, it houses Congregation Rodef Shalom, founded in 1856, the oldest Jewish congregation in Western Pennsylvania and the largest Reform congregation in the area. On the grounds of the building is the Rodef Shalom Biblical Botanical Garden.

The synagogue building was entered into the National Register of Historic Places on November 5, 1979 and was listed as a Pittsburgh Historic Landmark in 2022.
Hoyt, Oklahoma
Hoyt is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Haskell County, Oklahoma, United States. The community is 3.9 miles (6.3 km) west-northwest of Whitefield. A post office was established at Hoyt, Indian Territory on August 19, 1890.  It was named for Babe Hoyt, a local ferryboat operator.  The post office closed on April 17, 2004; it still has its own ZIP code, 74440.

As of the 2020 census, Hoyt had a population of 82.

It is home to the Hoyt School, which is no longer in use, but has been nominated for classification as an official Oklahoma landmark.

At the time of its founding, Hoyt was located in the Moshulatubbee District of the Choctaw Nation.

Moshulatubbee District
Moshulatubbee District was one of three provinces, or districts, comprising the former Choctaw Nation in the Indian Territory.  Also called the First District, it encompassed the northern one-third of the nation. In some historic records it is spelled Mushulatubbe.

The Moshulatubbee District was named in honor of Chief Moshulatubbee, a Choctaw Indian warrior and statesman. Moshulatubbee was chief of the Okla Tannap ("Lower Towns") District in the original Choctaw Nation of the Southeast. Many Choctaw from that period referred to the Moshulatubbee District as the Okla Tannap District. The other two districts were known as Apukshunnubbee and Pushmataha, also named after important leaders.
Comparison of OpenDocument software
The OpenDocument format (ODF), an abbreviation for the OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications, is an open and free (excluding maintenance and support) document file format for saving and exchanging editable office documents such as text documents (including memos, reports, and books), spreadsheets, databases, charts, and presentations.  This standard was developed by the OASIS industry consortium, based upon the XML-based file format originally created by OpenOffice.org, and ODF was approved as an OASIS standard on May 1, 2005. It became an ISO standard, ISO/IEC 26300, on May 3, 2006.

The following tables list applications supporting OpenDocument 1.0 (ISO/IEC 26300:2006) and OpenDocument 1.1 (OASIS Standard).

OpenDocument
OpenDocument Format (ODF) for Office Applications, also known as OpenDocument, standardized as ISO 26300, is an open file format for word processing documents, spreadsheets, presentations and graphics using ZIP-compressed XML files. It was developed with the aim of providing an open, XML-based file format specification for office applications.

The standard is developed and maintained by a technical committee in the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) consortium. It was based on the Sun Microsystems specification for OpenOffice.org XML, the default format for OpenOffice.org and LibreOffice. It was originally developed for StarOffice "to provide an open standard for office documents."

In addition to being an OASIS standard, it is published as an ISO/IEC international standard ISO/IEC 26300 –  Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument). From March 2024, the current version is 1.4.
Afon Rhythallt
The River Rhythallt (Welsh: Afon Rhythallt) is a river in Gwynedd, North Wales whose source is Llyn Padarn. It flows in a northwesterly direction past the village of Brynrefail, Gwynedd and changes its name to Afon Seiont downstream of Pont Rhythallt in Llanrug. The Afon Seiont eventually reaches the sea at Caernarfon. The river has a broad flood plain which occasionally threatens homes in the village of Cwm-y-glo.

53°08′56″N 4°10′13″W﻿ / ﻿53.14883°N 4.17034°W﻿ / 53.14883; -4.17034

Brynrefail, Gwynedd
Brynrefail (also Bryn-yr-Efail) is a small village in Gwynedd, Wales. The village is in the Dwyfor Meirionnydd UK constituency and the Gwynedd Council Ward of Penisa'r Waun. It is close to the northern shore of Llyn Padarn lake. Along the main street there are mainly traditional terraced houses. Notable buildings include the village's post office and the village's sole chapel, which is still in use. The village is protected from Llanberis and has a dedicated community beat manager.
Whangarei District Council
Whangarei District Council (Māori: Te Kaunihera o Whangarei) is the territorial authority for the Whangarei District of New Zealand. The council consists of the mayor of Whangarei and 13 ward councillors, and is led by the mayor. Ken Couper has been the mayor since 2025.

Territorial authorities of New Zealand
The territorial authorities of New Zealand are the country's municipal local government entities, existing alongside the country's regional councils. There are 67 such authorities, including 12 city councils, 53 district councils and 2 sui generis councils (Auckland Council and Chatham Islands Council). Five territorial authorities also have the powers of regional councils, and these are called unitary authorities.

Territorial authorities are not subservient to regional councils, and several of them have jurisdictions overlapping multiple regional council areas. Territorial authorities are responsible for the administration of local matters and resources. These include roads, building consents, water supply and sanitation, amongst other responsibilities. They are not responsible for broader regional environmental management or public transport, as those are the responsibilities of the regional councils.
Pepsi needle hoax
The Pepsi needle hoax, also called The Great Pepsi hoax, was a series of false claims where members of the public in the United States claimed to find foreign bodies, primarily needles, in cans of Pepsi beginning in June 1993. Occurring only a decade after the Chicago Tylenol murders, and during the rise of urban legends regarding HIV being spread via random needle attacks, the hoax quickly spread and resulted in a major investigation by the Food and Drugs Administration and the Federal Bureau of Investigation, leading to numerous prosecutions for false claims.

Pin prick attack
A pin prick attack is an assault on another person with a needle or syringe tainted with the blood of somebody carrying a blood-borne disease, such as HIV. Although there have been numerous cases of people being attacked with needles and syringes, the idea that people infected with AIDS have deliberately attempted to infect others in this manner is generally considered an urban legend. Real cases of infection of HIV in this manner were typically taken from infected victims rather than from infected attackers.
Diocese of Ampurias
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Ampurias was a Latin suffragan Catholic bishopric in the north of Sardinia (Italy, Tyrrhenian Sea) from 1070 till its suppression and merger with the Diocese of Civita-Tempio (which kept the cathedral see) into the present Roman Catholic Diocese of Tempio-Ampurias.

Archdiocese of Sassari
The Archdiocese of Sassari (Latin: Archidioecesis Turritana) is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Sardinia, Italy. Its see was initially at Torres, and the diocese was subhect to the metropolitan of Cagliari. It was elevated to the status of an archdiocese in 1073. From the last quarter of the 13th century, the bishops of Torres habitually resided in Sassari.

The suffragan sees of the archdiocese are the diocese of Alghero-Bosa, the diocese of Ozieri and the diocese of Tempio-Ampurias.
Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Ernst Heinrich von Forcade de Biaix
Friedrich Wilhelm Ferdinand Ernst Heinrich von Forcade de Biaix, aka Ferdinand von Forcade (7 October 1787 – 14 November 1835), Royal Prussian Major and Knight of the Iron Cross 2nd Class.

He was a grandson of Royal Prussian Lieutenant General Friedrich Wilhelm Quirin von Forcade de Biaix, one of King Frederick the Great's most active and most treasured officers, a Huguenot descendant of the noble family of Forcade and one of a third generation of decorated Prussian Army officers in the Forcade de Biaix dynasty. His last command was as commanding officer of the 10th Prussian Division's Garrison Company. He served the Prussian Army with 32¾ years of service.

Rose (heraldry)
The rose is a common device in heraldry.  It is often used both as a charge on a coat of arms and by itself as an heraldic badge. The heraldic rose has a stylized form consisting of five symmetrical lobes, five barbs, and a circular seed. The rose is one of the most common plant symbols in heraldry, together with the lily, which also has a stylistic representation in the fleur-de-lis.

The rose was the symbol of the English Tudor dynasty, and the ten-petaled Tudor rose  (termed a double rose) is associated with England. Roses also feature prominently in the arms of the princely House of Lippe and on the seal of Martin Luther.