hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scott sled
A Scott Sled is a type of kite developed in the early 1960s by Frank Scott of Ohio and based on the sled kite, an earlier design by William Allison, also based in Ohio. In 1964 it was featured in Kite Tales, the newsletter of the American Kitefliers Association; as a result it became much more widely known. Many derivative designs have appeared since then, the design described here is as it appeared in 1964.

Allison patented his kite in 1956; Scott never did. Allison won a civil cease and desist order against the Scott family after it had made and sold millions of kites.

The design is known for its ease of construction, sturdiness, light weight, portability, stability, and good performance. It is a sort of scoop-shaped parachute, held open by parallel spars. Most of the shape of the kite is produced by the pressure of the wind.

Sled kite
The sled kite was invented and patented by the American William Allison in the 1950s. This kite helped pave the way for a class of kites known as "semi-rigid."

Allison's kite has only vertical spars. The wind pressure curves the single sheet of material between the spars into a semicircle. The positioning of the two horizontal wingtip bridle attachments acts in the same manner as a vertical bridle on a structured kite, guiding the kite's attitude to the wind.

The delay in the issuing of the patent was due to the title “Flexible Kite”. The Patent Office's concern was that Allison's design might infringe on Rogallo's recently issued flexible wing patent.
Xiakou, Shaanxi
Xiakou (simplified Chinese: 峡口; traditional Chinese: 峽口; pinyin: Xiákǒu) is a town under the administration of Xixiang County, Shaanxi, China. As of 2018, it has two residential communities and 11 villages under its administration.

Xixiang County
Xixiang County (simplified Chinese: 西乡县; traditional Chinese: 西鄉縣; pinyin: Xīxiāng Xiàn) is a county under the administration of Hanzhong City, in the southwest of Shaanxi province, China, bordering Sichuan province to the southwest. Its administrative center, Xixiang, formerly known as Hsihsiang, lies on the Muma River. The county contains fourteen towns, eleven townships, and covers an area of 3,240 km2 (1,250 sq mi).
East Thurrock United F.C.
East Thurrock United Football Club was a football club based in Corringham, Essex, England. They last competed in Isthmian League North Division and played at Rookery Hill. The club was placed into liquidation by owner Alfie Best on 1 September 2023. The club stated this was due to historic debts from the previous owners.

Spartan League
The Spartan League was a football league in England covering London and adjacent counties. Established in 1907, it merged with the South Midlands League in 1997 to form the Spartan South Midlands League.
Chōgorō Kaionji
Tōsaku Suetomi (末富 東作, Suetomi Tōsaku), known by his pen name Chōgorō Kaionji (海音寺 潮五郎, Kaionji Chōgorō), was a Japanese author. Noted for his historical novels, he was active during the Shōwa era of Japan.

Japanese literature
Japanese literature throughout most of its history has been influenced by cultural contact with neighboring Asian literatures, most notably China and its literature. Early texts were often written in pure Classical Chinese or lit. 'Chinese writing' (漢文, kanbun), a Chinese-Japanese creole language. Indian literature also had an influence through the spread of Buddhism in Japan.

During the Heian period, Japan's original kokufū culture (lit. 'national culture') developed and literature also established its own style, with the significant usage and development of kana (仮名) to write Japanese literature.

Following the end of the sakoku policy and especially during the increasing westernization of the Meiji era, Western literature has also had an influence on the development of modern Japanese writers, while Japanese literature has in turn become more recognized internationally, leading to two Japanese Nobel laureates in literature, namely Yasunari Kawabata and Kenzaburō Ōe.
Form 6-K
Form 6K is an SEC filing submitted to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission used by certain foreign private issuers to provide information that is:

Required to be made public in the country of its domicile

Filed with and made public by a foreign stock exchange on which its securities are traded

Distributed to security holders.

The report must be furnished promptly after such material is made public. The form is not considered "filed" because of Section 18 (for liability purposes). This is the only information furnished by foreign private issuers between annual reports, since such issuers are not required to file on Forms 10-Q or 8-K.

SEC filing
The SEC filing is a financial statement or other formal document submitted to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Public companies, certain insiders, and broker-dealers are required to make regular SEC filings. Investors and financial professionals rely on these filings for information about companies they are evaluating for investment purposes. Many, but not all SEC filings are available online through the SEC's EDGAR (Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval) database and as structured datasets in the Harvard Dataverse.
Mining engineering
Mining engineering is the extraction of minerals from the ground. It is associated with many other disciplines, such as mineral processing, exploration, excavation, geology, metallurgy, geotechnical engineering and surveying. A mining engineer may manage any phase of mining operations, from exploration and discovery of the mineral resources, through feasibility study, mine design, development of plans, production and operations to mine closure.

Open-pit mining
Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, is a surface mining technique that extracts rock or minerals from the earth.

Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface where the overburden is relatively thin. In contrast, deeper mineral deposits can be reached using underground mining.

This form of mining carries several risks to the health and safety of miners, and can have a significant negative impact on the environment.
El Mansouria, Iraq
34°04′36″N 44°57′17″E﻿ / ﻿34.07667°N 44.95472°E﻿ / 34.07667; 44.95472

Al Mansouryah or Mansouryat Al-Jabel (Arabic: المنصورية) is a subdistrict of Al-Khalis District in the Diyala Governorate of Iraq, roughly 110 km north-east of Baghdad city, situated between the Diyala and Khalis rivers. Its capital is the town of Al Mansouryah.

Diyala River
The Diyala (Arabic: نهر ديالى‎ Nahr Diyālā; Kurdish: Sîrwan; Farsi: دیاله Diyâlah, سيروان Sīrvān) is a river and tributary of the Tigris. It is formed by the confluence of the Sirwan and Tanjaro rivers in Darbandikhan Dam in the Sulaymaniyah Governorate of Northern Iraq. It covers a total distance of 445 km (277 mi).
Abstraction (computer science)
In software, an abstraction provides access while hiding details that otherwise might make access more challenging. It focuses attention on details of greater importance. Examples include the abstract data type which separates use from the representation of data and functions that form a call tree that is more general at the base and more specific towards the leaves.

Undecidable problem
In computability theory and computational complexity theory, an undecidable problem is a decision problem for which it is proved to be impossible to construct an algorithm that always leads to a correct yes-or-no answer. The halting problem is an example: it can be proven that there is no algorithm that correctly determines whether an arbitrary program eventually halts when run.
Salhøa
Salhøa is a mountain in Dovrefjell–Sunndalsfjella National Park in Norway. The 1,853-metre (6,079 ft) tall mountain is located on the border between Sunndal Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county and Lesja Municipality in Innlandet county. Salhøa is reached most easily by hiking from Grøvudalen in the north. There are three large surrounding mountains, all within 3 kilometres (1.9 mi), including the 1,844-metre (6,050 ft) tall Grøvudalstinden to the west, the 1,881-metre (6,171 ft) tall Steinkollen to the north, and the 1,985-metre (6,512 ft) tall Storskrymten to the northwest. Other nearby mountains include Skuleggen to the east, Drugshøi to the southeast, and Lågvasstinden to the southwest.

Lesja Municipality
Lesja is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Lesja. Other villages in the municipality include Bjorli, Lesjaskog, Lesjaverk, and Lora.

The 2,259.49-square-kilometre (872.39 sq mi) municipality is the 25th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Lesja Municipality is the 281st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,006. The municipality's population density is 0.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.3/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 4.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Ether‐à‐go‐go potassium channel
An ether‐à‐go‐go potassium channel is a potassium channel which is inwardly-rectifying and voltage-gated.

They are named after the ether‐à‐go‐go gene, which codes for one such channel in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.

Examples include hERG, KCNH6, and KCNH7.

Inward-rectifier potassium channel
Inward-rectifier potassium channels (Kir, IRK) are a specific lipid-gated subset of potassium channels. To date, seven subfamilies have been identified in various mammalian cell types, plants, and bacteria. They are activated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). The malfunction of the channels has been implicated in several diseases. IRK channels possess a pore domain, homologous to that of voltage-gated ion channels, and flanking transmembrane segments (TMSs). They may exist in the membrane as homo- or heterooligomers and each monomer possesses between 2 and 4 TMSs. In terms of function, these proteins transport potassium (K+), with a greater tendency for K+ uptake than K+ export. The process of inward-rectification was discovered by Bernard Katz in skeletal muscle cells in 1949, and Denis Noble in cardiac muscle cells in 1960s.
João de Lisboa
João de Lisboa (c.1470 – 1525) was a Portuguese explorer. He is known to have sailed together with Tristão da Cunha, and to have explored Río de La Plata and possibly the San Matias Gulf, around 1511–12. 
The Brazilian historian Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen erroneously stated that he was in Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation voyage.

He is the author of a Treatise on the Nautical Needle, dated 1514, which is extant in a later copy included in an undated (ca. 1550?) Portuguese nautical atlas.

He died in 1525 while traveling in the Indian Ocean.

Tristão da Cunha
Tristão da Cunha (sometimes misspelled d'Acunha; Portuguese pronunciation: [tɾiʃˈtɐ̃w dɐ ˈkuɲɐ]; c. 1460 – c. 1540) was a Portuguese explorer and naval commander. In 1514, he served as ambassador from King Manuel I of Portugal to Pope Leo X, leading a luxurious embassy presenting in Rome the new conquests of Portugal. He later became a member of the Portuguese privy council.
Nisf Jubeil
Nisf Jubeil (Arabic: نصف جبيل also spelled Nisf Jbeil or Nisf Jubayl) is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate in the northern West Bank, located northwest of Nablus. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) census, it had a population of 394 in 2007. There were a total of 83 households and 17 business establishments. By 2017, the population was 471.

Nablus Governorate
The Nablus Governorate (Arabic: محافظة نابلس, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Nāblus) is an administrative district of Palestine located in the Central Highlands of the West Bank, 53 km north of Jerusalem. It covers the area around the city of Nablus which serves as the muhfaza (seat) of the governorate. The governor of the district is Mahmoud Aloul.
Prix du Petit Couvert
The Prix du Petit Couvert is a Group 3 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,000 metres (about 5 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

Longchamp Racecourse
The Longchamp Racecourse (French: Hippodrome de Longchamp, pronounced [ipɔdʁom də lɔ̃ʃɑ̃]) is a 57-hectare (140-acre) horse-racing facility located on the Route des Tribunes at the Bois de Boulogne in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, France. It is used for flat racing and is noted for its variety of interlaced tracks and a famous hill that provides a real challenge to competing thoroughbreds. It has several racetracks varying from 1,000 to 4,000 metres in length, with 46 different starting posts.

The course is home to more than half of the group one races held in France, and it has a capacity of 50,000. The highlight of the calendar is the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. Held on the first weekend in October, the event attracts the best horses from around the world.

The leather fashion goods company Longchamp got its name from the facility.
Eddie and the Cruisers II: Eddie Lives!
Eddie and the Cruisers II: Eddie Lives! is the 1989 sequel to the 1983 film Eddie and the Cruisers. It is directed by Jean-Claude Lord, and based on literary characters created by author P. F. Kluge. Michael Paré and Matthew Laurance reprise their roles as Eddie Wilson and Sal Amato, respectively. The film was marketed with the tagline "The legend. The music. The man."

Director Lord and several members of the film's supporting cast (Marina Orsini, Vlasta Vrána, and Mark Brennan) had previously worked together on the French-Canadian television series Lance et Compte. Additionally, cast members Harvey Atkin and Kate Lynch had earlier co-starred in the comedy film Meatballs (1979).

Meatballs (film)
Meatballs is a 1979 comedy film directed by Ivan Reitman. It is noted for Bill Murray's first film appearance in a starring role and for launching the directing career of Reitman, whose later comedies include Stripes (1981) and Ghostbusters (1984), both starring Murray.

It is the first of six film collaborations between Murray and Harold Ramis. It spawned three sequels, of which only Meatballs III: Summer Job (1986) had any connection to the original.
Doris Akers
Doris Mae Akers (May 21, 1923 – July 26, 1995) was an American gospel music composer, arranger and singer who is considered to be "one of the most underrated gospel composers of the 20th century [who] wrote more than 500 songs". Known for her work with the Sky Pilot Choir, she was inducted into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame in 2001.

Gospel Music Hall of Fame
The Gospel Music Hall of Fame, created in 1972 by the Gospel Music Association, is a hall of fame dedicated exclusively to recognizing meaningful contributions by individuals and groups in all forms of gospel music.
Żydowce-Klucz
Żydowce-Klucz is a municipal neighbourhood of the city of Szczecin, Poland situated on the right bank of Oder river, south-east of the Szczecin Old Town, and Middle Town. As of January 2011 it had a population of 2,450.

Żydowce-Klucz comprises Żydowce and Klucz.

Żydowce
Żydowce is a part of the city of Szczecin, Poland situated on the right bank of the Oder river, in the southern part of the city.

The area became part of the emerging Duchy of Poland under its first ruler Mieszko I around 967. Following Poland's fragmentation after the death of Bolesław III Wrymouth in 1138 it became part of an independent Duchy of Pomerania, which in 1227 became part of the Holy Roman Empire. As a result of the Ostsiedlung, it became known as Sydowsaue. During the Thirty Years' War, the settlement passed to the Swedish Empire, while remaining under the suzerainty of the Holy Roman Empire. Subsequently, it passed to Prussia. After the Second World War, the area became again part of Poland.
2023 Tenerife Challenger III
The 2023 Tenerife Challenger III was a professional tennis tournament played on hardcourts. It was the fourth edition of the Tenerife Challenger tournament which was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tenerife, Spain between 6 and 12 February 2023.

2023 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2023 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2023 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 196 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 46th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 15th under the name of Challenger Tour.
2020–21 Rugby Europe International Championships
The 2020–21 Rugby Europe International Championships is the European Championship for tier 2 and tier 3 rugby union nations. The 2020–21 season is the fourth of its new format and structure, where all Levels play on a one-year cycle, replacing the old format of a two-year cycle, with the teams playing each other both home and away.

For all teams competing in the Championship, this year's edition of the Rugby Europe International Championships doubles as the first year of 2023 Rugby World Cup qualifiers for the European region, where the winner and runner-up teams of the two-year cycle, automatically qualifies to the tournament as Europe 1 and Europe 2. The third team qualifies to the Final qualification tournament.

2023 Rugby World Cup – Europe qualification
The European qualification tournament for the 2023 Rugby World Cup was contested between March 2021 and March 2022. Six teams not already qualified via their performance at the 2019 Rugby World Cup competed for two direct qualification spots in the final tournament and for a place in the Final Qualification Tournament.
Victoria Maurette
Victoria Maurette, also known by her pseudonym Vicko (born July 30, 1982), is an Argentine actress, musician, singer, songwriter and composer. She is probably best known for her performance as Victoria "Vico" Paz in the Cris Morena Group series Rebelde Way, and for her roles in Albert Pyun's films Left for Dead, Bulletface and Tales of an Ancient Empire.

Cris Morena
María Cristina De Giacomi (born 23 August 1956), professionally known as Cris Morena, is an Argentine Award-winning television producer, actress, television presenter, composer, musician, songwriter, writer, former fashion model and CEO of Cris Morena Group.

She is one of the most successful producers in the country and is the creator of Argentina's most successful youth-oriented shows such as Jugate Conmigo, Chiquititas, Rebelde Way, Floricienta, Alma Pirata, and Casi Ángeles. She was a producer at Telefe from 1991 to 2001, then created the Cris Morena Group as an independent production company, with Rebelde Way (2002) as its first production. Morena is the mother of actress Romina Yan and of producer and director Tomás Yankelevich.

After a long break from the industry, Cris Morena announced two new projects for streaming service Max: Te quiero y me duele (2023), inspired by a song for her deceased daughter, Romina and Margarita, a spin-off of Floricienta.
Adriana (footballer, born 1996)
Adriana Leal da Silva (born 17 November 1996), commonly known as Adriana or Maga, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Al Qadsiah of the Saudi Women's Premier League and the Brazil women's national team.

Copa Libertadores Femenina
The CONMEBOL Libertadores Femenina, commonly known as "Copa Libertadores Femenina" (Portuguese: Copa/Taça Libertadores Feminina), is an annual international women's association football club competition in South America. It is organized by the South American Football Confederation (CONMEBOL). The competition started in the 2009 season in response to the increased interest in women's football. It is the only CONMEBOL club competition for women.

The tournament is the women's version of the Copa Libertadores, which has been organized since 1960.

Since 2019, clubs in the men's Libertadores are required to have a women's team: failure to do so leads to rejection of their entry. This change was made in order to strengthen the women's competition.
Electoral district of Balranald
Balranald was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales established from part of Lachlan and Lower Darling in 1859 and named after and including Balranald. From 1880 to 1894, it elected two members. In 1894, it was abolished and partly replaced by Deniliquin and Hay.

Electoral district of Lachlan and Lower Darling
Lachlan and Lower Darling was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It existed between 1856 and 1859, and was named after the Lachlan and Darling Rivers. It elected two members simultaneously. In 1859 it was replaced by Lachlan.
Silbury Hill
Silbury Hill is a prehistoric artificial chalk mound near Avebury in the English county of Wiltshire. It is part of the Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites UNESCO World Heritage Site. At 39.3 metres (129 ft) high, the hill is the second tallest prehistoric man-made mound in Europe (after The Castle Hill in Udine, Italy) and one of the largest in the world; it is similar in volume to contemporary Egyptian pyramids. The site is in the care of English Heritage.

Silbury Hill is part of the complex of Neolithic monuments around Avebury, which includes the Avebury Ring and West Kennet Long Barrow. Its original purpose is still debated. Several other important Neolithic monuments in Wiltshire, including the large henges at Marden and Salisbury Plain (Stonehenge), may be culturally or functionally related to Avebury and Silbury.

Sarsen
Sarsen stones are silicified sandstone blocks found extensively across southern England on the Salisbury Plain and the Marlborough Downs in Wiltshire; in Kent; and in smaller quantities in Berkshire, Essex, Oxfordshire, Dorset, and Hampshire.
2018–19 FA Women's National League Plate
The 2018–19 FA Women's National League Plate is the fifth running of the competition, which began in 2014. It is the secondary League Cup competition run by the FA Women's National League (FA WNL), and is run in parallel with the league's primary League Cup competition, the National League Cup.

The teams that take part in the WNL plate are decided after the determining round of the WNL Cup. The winners of determining round matches continue in the WNL Cup, while the losers move into the WNL Plate.

All 72 National League clubs were included in the determining round draw. St Nicholas withdrew from the competition before playing a match, meaning 36 teams progressed in the Cup and 35 were entered in the Plate.

West Ham United were the reigning champions, having defeated Luton Town 5–0 in the 2017–18 final, but did not defend their title after obtaining a licence to the FA Women's Super League.

2017–18 FA Women's Premier League Plate
The 2017–18 FA Women's Premier League Plate is the fourth running of the competition, which began in 2014. It is the secondary League Cup competition run by the FA Women's Premier League (FA WPL), and is run in parallel with the league's primary League Cup competition, the Premier League Cup.

The teams that take part in the WPL plate are decided after the determining round of the WPL Cup. The winners of determining round matches continue in the WPL Cup, while the losers move into the WPL Plate.

All 71 Premier League clubs were included in the determining round draw, with 36 teams progressing in the Cup and 35 continuing in the Plate.

Reigning champions Lewes, who beat Huddersfield Town 4–0 in the 2016–17 final, won their determining Round match this season, meaning that they did not defend their title.