hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1975 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The 1975 Dublin Senior Hurling Championship was the 88th staging of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Dublin County Board in 1887.

Kilmacud Crokes entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 12 October 1975 at Croke Park in Dublin, between St Vincent's and Craobh Chiaráin, in what was their second meeting in the final overall. St Vincent's won the match by 4–08 to 1–11 to claim their ninth championship title overall and a first title in eight years.

Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The Dublin Senior Hurling Championship (Irish: Craobh Sinsear Iomána Átha Cliath) is an annual hurling competition organised by the Dublin County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) since 1887 for the top hurling clubs in County Dublin, Ireland.

Sixteen clubs compete. Initially the teams are divided into four groups of four with the group matches being played from April to May with a break to accommodate the All-Ireland Championship and resume during August or September. The group stage is followed by a knock-out phase which takes place during the months of October and November.

Sponsored by Go-Ahead, it is therefore officially known as the Go-Ahead Dublin Senior Hurling Championship.

Since the establishment of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship in 1887, a total of 26 clubs have won the tournament. Faughs have been the most successful club having won 31 titles.

Na Fianna are the title holders having defeated Lucan Sarsfields 1-20 to 0-22 in the 2025 final.
Judgment sample
A judgment sample, also known as an expert or purposive sample, is a type of non-random sample, where a researcher or expert selects the sample based on who they believe would be most useful or appropriate for the study.

Results obtained from a judgment sample are subject to some degree of bias and may be hard to generalize, due to the chosen sample not representing the larger population.

A random sample would provide less bias, but potentially less raw information. The pitfalls of this system are significant because of bias, limited statistical methods, and limits to an expert's ability to choose a good sample.

Sampling bias
In statistics, sampling bias is a bias in which a sample is collected in such a way that some members of the intended population have a lower or higher sampling probability than others. It results in a biased sample of a population (or non-human factors) in which all individuals, or instances, were not equally likely to have been selected.  If this is not accounted for, results can be erroneously attributed to the phenomenon under study rather than to the method of sampling.

Medical sources sometimes refer to sampling bias as ascertainment bias. Ascertainment bias has basically the same definition, but is still sometimes classified as a separate type of bias.
14th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 14th Division (第14師団, Dai Jūyon Shidan) was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army. Its tsūshōgō code name was the Shining Division (照兵団, Teru Heidan), and its military symbol was 14D. The 14th Division was one of four new infantry divisions raised by the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) in the closing stages of the Russo-Japanese War, after it turned out that the entire IJA was committed to combat in Manchuria, leaving not a single division to guard the Japanese home islands from attack.

The 14th Division was initially established in Kokura (present-day Kitakyushu, Fukuoka) under the command of Lieutenant General Tsuchiya Mitsuharu, with men recruited from Osaka, Zentsūji, Kagawa, Hiroshima and Kumamoto.

Utsunomiya
Utsunomiya (宇都宮市, Utsunomiya-shi; [ɯt͡sɯnomija] ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of Tochigi Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 513,584, and a population density of 1,232 persons per square kilometre (3,190/sq mi). The total area of the city is 416.85 km2 (160.95 sq mi). Utsunomiya is famous for its gyoza (pan fried dumplings). There are more than two hundred gyoza restaurants in Utsunomiya.

Greater Utsunomiya (宇都宮都市圏, Utsunomiya Toshi-ken) had a population of 888,005 in the 2000 census. The nearby city of Oyama is included in Greater Tokyo, but Greater Utsunomiya is not, despite the two areas amalgamating somewhat. It is the 10th most populated city in the Kantō region.
2012 Challenger La Manche
The 2012 Challenger La Manche was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 19th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Cherbourg, France between February 27 and March 4, 2012.

Challenger La Manche
The Challenger Cherbourg La Manche is a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It has been held annually at the Complexe Sportif Chantereyne in Cherbourg, France, since 1994 and it is the oldest Challenger in the world in terms of consecutive editions.
Monte Briasco
Monte Briasco is a mountain in the Alpi Cusiane, in Piedmont, northwestern Italy. It has an elevation of 1,185 metres and is located between the Valsesia and Lake Orta, at the border between the province of Vercelli and the province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola and the municipalities of Civiasco, Varallo Sesia, Cellio con Breia and Madonna del Sasso. It is renowned for the sight on the nearby lakes and the Pennine Alps.

During the Second World War Monte Briasco was used as a base by Italian partisans.

Civiasco
Civiasco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Turin and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Vercelli.

Civiasco borders the following municipalities: Arola, Cesara, Madonna del Sasso, and Varallo Sesia.
Sulcatone
Sulcatone (6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one) is an unsaturated methylated ketone with the molecular formula C8H14O.  It is a colorless, water-like liquid with a citrus-like, fruity odor.

Sulcatone is one of a number of mosquito attractants, especially for those species such as Aedes aegypti with the odor receptor gene Or4.

Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone /ˈkiːtoʊn/ is an organic compound with the structure R−C(=O)−R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group −C(=O)− (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). A ketone derived from an alkane is an alkanone. The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula (CH3)2CO. Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, e.g., testosterone, and the solvent acetone.
HighFleet
HighFleet, styled as HighFleet: Deus in Nobis (Latin for "God within us") is an action-adventure strategy video game developed by Konstantin Koshutin and published by MicroProse. The game involves the player commanding a fleet of metal airships on the dieselpunk post-apocalyptic world of Elaat in an attempt to seize a rebellious region rumored to have access to a nuclear reactor. The working title for the game was "Hammerfight 2" (after Koshutin's previous game), as the game was in development for more than a decade.

Strategy video game
A strategy video game is a video game genre that emphasizes strategic or tactical planning and decision-making, often involving the indirect control of multiple units and the management of limited resources, rather than the quick reflexes typical of action games.

Strategy video games are commonly divided into two main forms: turn-based strategy (TBS), in which players act in discrete turns, and real-time strategy (RTS), in which play proceeds continuously. Many also incorporate elements such as tactics, diplomacy, economics, or exploration.

Electronic strategy games developed in part from earlier non-digital board games and wargames, and scholars note that the definition of “strategy” in games is not entirely uniform across contexts.
Dinosaur vision
Dinosaur vision was, in general, better than the vision of most other reptiles, although vision varied between dinosaur species. Coelurosaurs, for example, had good stereoscopic or binocular vision, whereas large carnosaurs had poor binocular vision, comparable to that of modern alligators.  Recent evidence has also shown that some species possessed highly specialized color and night vision.

Scleral ring
The scleral ring (also sclerotic ring) is a hardened ring of plates, often derived from bone, found in the eye of animals in several groups of vertebrates. Mammals, amphibians, snakes, and crocodilians lack scleral rings. The ring is in the fibrous outer layer of the eye, called the sclera.

Scleral rings can be made of cartilaginous material (scleral cartilage) or bony material (scleral ossicles), or often a combination of both, that comes together to form a ring. The arrangement, size, shape, and number of ossicles vary by group. They are believed to have a role in supporting the eye, especially in animals whose eyes are not spherical, or which live underwater.
Bat Ayin
Bat Ayin (Hebrew: בַּת עַיִן, lit., "daughter of the eye" or "apple of the eye", i. e., pupil, Arabic: بات عاين) is an Israeli settlement in Gush Etzion in the West Bank, between Jerusalem and Hebron, founded in 1989 by Rabbi Yitzchak Ginsburg, in lands that Israel confiscated from the neighbouring Palestinian villages of Khirbet Beit Zakariyyah and Jab'a. It is administered by the Gush Etzion Regional Council, with a population of less than 1,000, consisting mainly of "Ba'alei T'shuva" (back to the faith) Jews with Hasidic tendencies. The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but Israel disputes this.

Gush Etzion Regional Council
The Gush Etzion Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית גוש עציון, Mo'atza Azorit Gush Etzion) is a regional council in the northern Judean Hills, the northern part of the southern area of the West Bank, administering the settlements in the Gush Etzion region, as well as others nearby. The headquarters are located adjacent to Alon Shvut.

The current mayor of the Council is Yaron Rosenthal, elected in 2024.

In August 2021, Rabbi Yosef Zvi Rimon was elected Chief Rabbi of the Gush Etzion Regional Council.
Radhika (choreographer)
Radhika is an Indian choreographer. She works predominantly in Tamil, Telugu, Hindi, Kannada and Malayalam films. She learned dance from Uduppi Lakshman Narayan starting at the age of six. Radhika started her career at age 12 as a dancer in the movie Thalattu directed by T.K.Rajendran. Radhika has 20 years of experience in dance choreography. She worked with Tarun Kumar, Brinda, Raju Sundaram, Chinni Prakash, and Raghava Lawrence. She has worked on more than 100 films. Her first independent film was Mugamoodi, directed by Mysskin. She choreographed all the songs in this film.

Brinda Master
Brinda Gopal, known professionally as Brinda Master, is an Indian dance choreographer and director who primarily works in South Indian cinema. She has choreographed dance sequences for various Indian films. She has won one National Film Award for Best Choreography, Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Choreographer, twice and Kerala State Film Award for Best Choreography, four times.
Herdy Gerdy
Herdy Gerdy is an action-adventure platforming strategy puzzle video game for the PlayStation 2 console, released in 2002. It is developed by Core Design and published by Eidos Interactive. The game involves herding animals, navigating obstacles, and solving puzzles. The player has to collect a variety of herding tools, and there are alternate pathways to reach the end.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
Bucket shop (stock market)
A bucket shop is a business that allows gambling based on the prices of stocks or commodities. A 1906 U.S. Supreme Court ruling defined a bucket shop as "an establishment, nominally for the transaction of a stock exchange business, or business of similar character, but really for the registration of bets, or wagers, usually for small amounts, on the rise or fall of the prices of stocks, grain, oil, etc., there being no transfer or delivery of the stock or commodities nominally dealt in".

A person who engages in the practice is referred to as a bucketeer and the practice is sometimes referred to as bucketeering. Bucket shops were found in many large American cities from the mid-1800s but the practice was eventually ruled illegal and largely disappeared by the 1920s.

Margin (finance)
In finance, margin is the collateral that a holder of a financial instrument has to deposit with a counterparty (most often a broker or an exchange) to cover some or all of the credit risk the holder poses for the counterparty. This risk can arise if the holder has done any of the following:

Borrowed cash from the counterparty to buy financial instruments,

Borrowed financial instruments to sell them short,

Entered into a derivative contract.

The collateral for a margin account can be the cash deposited in the account or securities provided, and represents the funds available to the account holder for further share trading. On United States futures exchanges, margins were formerly called performance bonds. Most of the exchanges today use SPAN ("Standard Portfolio Analysis of Risk") methodology, which was developed by the Chicago Mercantile Exchange in 1988, for calculating margins for options and futures.
Show Your Dance
Show Your Dance (Chinese: 舞所不在) is Taiwanese Mandopop artist Show Lo's fifth Mandarin studio album. It was released on 16 November 2007 by EMI Music Taiwan. This is Show's first album since moving from Avex Taiwan to EMI Music Taiwan.

The album was available on pre-order and three versions were released including the Show Your Dance (Champion Edition) (舞所不在 舞霸冠軍盤) containing four music videos and Show Your Dance (Collectible Edition) (舞所不在 衛冕慶功黃金典藏版) with a bonus DVD of footages from 2007 Show Lo Cotton USA 《When We Are 2gether》 Tainan Celebration Concert (羅志祥美國棉《當我們宅一塊》台南慶功演唱會).

Hit FM (Taiwan)
Hit FM is a pop music radio station in Taiwan. It broadcasts in Taipei, Taichung, and Kaohsiung. Hit FM is owned by Voice of Taipei Broadcasting (Chinese: 台北之音廣播; pinyin: Táiběi Zhī Yīn Guǎngbō). It is one of the radio stations under Hitoradio.com. Hit FM is the highest-rated Top Ten radio station in Taiwan.
JC Comics
JC Comics (also known as JC Productions) was a comic book company primarily involved with the post-Silver Age iteration of the characters the T.H.U.N.D.E.R. Agents. JC Comics was owned by John Carbonaro (Sept. 30, 1951 – Feb. 25, 2009).

Justice Machine
The Justice Machine is a fictional team of superheroes originally created by Mike Gustovich and appearing in comic books from many small publishers in the 1980s and 1990s. In addition to Gustovich, writers Jenny Blake Isabella and Mark Ellis have also had lengthy creative associations with Justice Machine.
Crayon Shin-chan the Movie: Our Dinosaur Diary
Crayon Shin-chan: Our Dinosaur Diary (映画クレヨンしんちゃん オラたちの恐竜日記, Eiga Kureyon Shin-chan Ora-tachi no Kyōryū Nikki) is a 2024 Japanese animated film produced by Shin-Ei Animation. It is overall the 32nd film and 31st 2D animated film of the animated series Crayon Shin-chan.

Crayon Shin-chan
Crayon Shin-chan (Japanese: クレヨンしんちゃん, Hepburn: Kureyon Shin-chan) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yoshito Usui. Crayon Shin-chan made its first appearance in 1990 in a Japanese weekly magazine called Weekly Manga Action, which was published by Futabasha. Due to the death of author Yoshito Usui, the manga in its original form ended on September 11, 2009. A new manga began in the summer of 2010 by members of Usui's team, titled New Crayon Shin-chan (新クレヨンしんちゃん, Shin Kureyon Shin-chan).

An animated television adaptation began airing on TV Asahi in 1992 and is still ongoing, with over 1200 episodes. The show has been dubbed in 30 languages which aired in 45 countries. As of 2023, both the Crayon Shin-Chan and New Crayon Shin-Chan series has over 148 million copies in circulation, making it among the best-selling manga series in history.
Clostridium septicum
Clostridium septicum  is a gram positive, spore forming, obligate anaerobic bacterium.

Clostridium septicum can cause gas gangrene, but unlike other Clostridium species like Clostridium perfringens, no trauma is necessary at the site of the infection.  It is thought that the infection is established by hematogenous spread from the gastrointestinal tract.  Gas gangrene caused by Clostridium septicum is associated with colorectal cancer and other defects of the bowel.

Clostridium septicum causes myonecrosis through the release of exotoxins such as the alpha toxin, lethal toxin, and hemolytic toxin

Pore-forming toxin
Pore-forming proteins (PFTs, also known as pore-forming toxins) are usually produced by bacteria, and include a number of protein exotoxins but may also be produced by other organisms such as apple snails that produce perivitellin-2 or  earthworms, who produce lysenin. They are frequently cytotoxic (i.e., they kill cells), as they create unregulated pores in the membrane of targeted cells.
Chiala mountain salamander
The Chiala mountain salamander (Batrachuperus karlschmidti) is a species of salamander in the family Hynobiidae endemic to China and known from northwestern Sichuan, northeastern Tibet, and southeastern Gansu. Its validity as a species distinct from Batrachuperus tibetanus has been controversial. It is named after Karl Patterson Schmidt, American herpetologist.

The species' natural habitat are slow-flowing streams in grassland areas. It is largely aquatic but can occasionally be found on the stream bank. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by overgrazing as well as by collecting for traditional medicine.

Alpine stream salamander
The alpine stream salamander (Batrachuperus tibetanus) is a species of salamander in the family Hynobiidae endemic to central China. Its natural habitats are rivers and freshwater springs. It is threatened by habitat loss.

It lives in Tibet, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Qinghai, and Gansu provinces of China.
Jambuvijaya
Jambuvijaya (1923–2009), also known as Muni Jambuvijayji Maharajsaheb, was a monk belonging to the Tapa Gaccha order of Śvetāmbara sect of Jainism. He was known for his pioneering work in research, cataloguing and translations of Jain Agamas and ancient texts. He was responsible for discovering and publishing many ancient Jains texts lying in different forgotten Jain jnana bhandaras (ancient Jain libraries). He was a disciple of Muni Punyavijay. Both Muni Punyavijay and Jambuvijay worked all their life in the compilation and publication of ancient Jain Agama literature and cataloguing ancient Jain jnana bhandaras. Muni Jambuvijay was a scholar who devoted his entire life to critically editing Jain scriptures.

Samavayanga Sutra
Samavāyāṅga Sūtra (c. 3rd-4th century BCE) is the 4th amongst the 12 Angas of the Jaina canon. The sutra is believed to have been composed by Gaṇadhara Sudharmasvāmī. This text contains the essence of Jain religion, defined and catalogued systematically. Written c. 300 BCE, it is a part of the collection of texts containing Lord Mahavira’s teachings, collectively termed as Agama Sutras. Additionally, it includes one of the earliest references to the Indian writing tradition.
Bombuzal
Bombuzal is a puzzle video game designed by Antony Crowther (credited as "Ratt" in the game) and David Bishop for Image Works. The game was released in 1988 for the Amiga, Atari ST and Commodore 64. It was also released in 1989 for MS-DOS and in December 1990 in Japan for the Super Famicom, with the North American version released in August 1992 renamed as Ka-Blooey.

The game has a sequel/remake available for the Nintendo 64 called Charlie Blast's Territory. Among its notable features is the ability to play using either an overhead or isometric view.

The Super NES version of the game was later released on the Nintendo Classics service for the Nintendo Switch console in July 2021.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
Ted Jolliffe
Edward Bigelow Jolliffe QC (March 2, 1909 – March 18, 1998) was a Canadian democratic socialist politician and lawyer from Ontario. He was the first leader of the Ontario section of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) and leader of the Official Opposition in the Ontario Legislature during the 1940s and 1950s. He was a Rhodes Scholar in the mid-1930s, and came back to Canada to help the CCF, after his studies were complete and being called to the bar in England and Ontario. After politics, he  practised labour law in Toronto and would eventually become a labour adjudicator. In retirement, he moved to British Columbia, where he died in 1998.

McClelland & Stewart
McClelland & Stewart Limited is a Canadian publishing company. It is owned by Penguin Random House of Canada, a branch of Penguin Random House, the international book publishing division of German media giant Bertelsmann.
World Trade Centre Toronto
The Residences of the World Trade Centre is a postmodern complex near the Harbourfront in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Built in 1990, the taller of two buildings rises to 38 floors in height. The Residences of the World Trade Centre is a 700-unit condominium complex, with retail at ground level.

Harbourfront, Toronto
Harbourfront is a neighbourhood on the northern shore of Lake Ontario within downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Part of the Toronto waterfront, Harbourfront extends from Bathurst Street in the west, along Queens Quay, with its ill-defined eastern boundary being either Yonge Street or York Street. Its northern boundary is the Gardiner Expressway. Much of the district was former water lots filled in during the early 1900s to create a larger harbour district. After shipping patterns changed and the use of the Toronto Harbour declined, the area was converted from industrial uses to a mixed-use district that is mostly residential and leisure.
Speleophriidae
Speleophriidae is a family of copepods, comprising seven genera. All are restricted to anchialine caves, with the exception of Archimisophria, which is found in the hyperbenthos of the depths of the Atlantic Ocean. The genera are:

Archimisophria  Boxshall, 1983

Boxshallia  Huys, 1988

Expansophria  Boxshall & Iliffe, 1987

Huysia  Jaume, Boxshall & Iliffe, 1998

Mexicophria  Boxshall, Zylinski, Jaume, Iliffe & Suárez-Morales, 2014

Protospeleophria  Jaume, Boxshall & Iliffe, 1998

Speleophria  Boxshall & Iliffe, 1986

Speleophriopsis  Jaume & Boxshall, 1996

Copepod
Copepods (/ˈkoʊpəpɒd/; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthic (living on the sediments), several species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses of plants (phytotelmata) such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as biodiversity indicators.