hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Symmes Purchase
The Symmes Purchase, also known as the Miami Purchase, was an area of land totaling roughly 311,682 acres (487.003 sq mi; 1,261.33 km2) in what is now Hamilton, Butler, and Warren counties of southwestern Ohio, purchased by Judge John Cleves Symmes of New Jersey in 1788 from the Continental Congress.

Butler County, Ohio
Butler County is a county located in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 390,357. Its county seat and largest city is Hamilton. It is named for General Richard Butler, who died in 1791 during St. Clair's defeat. Located along the Great Miami River, it is also home to Miami University, a public university founded in 1809.
Butler County is part of the Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Qian's Seven Points
Qian's Seven Points (Chinese: 钱七条; pinyin: Qián Qītiáo), officially the Basic Principles and Policies of the Central People's Government in Handling Hong Kong and Taiwan-Related Issues after 1997, is a concept proposed by Qian Qichen, Vice Premier and Minister of Foreign Affairs of China, in 1995 with regards to Hong Kong's relations with Taiwan.

Hong Kong–Taiwan relations
Relations between the government of Hong Kong SAR of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Taiwan Area of the Republic of China (ROC) encompass both when Hong Kong was under British rule or when the Republic of China controlled mainland China and afterwards the ROC fled to Taiwan. This is also a part of the Cross-strait relations.
Underfloor heating
Underfloor heating and cooling is a form of central heating and cooling that achieves indoor climate control for thermal comfort using hydronic or electrical heating elements embedded in a floor. Heating is achieved by conduction, radiation and convection. Use of underfloor heating dates back to the Neoglacial and Neolithic periods.

R-2000 program
R-2000 is a Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) program that was developed in partnership with the Canadian Home Builders' Association in 1981, and formalized as a standard in 1982.  Notably, the R-2000 standard is a voluntary standard to exceed building code requirements for energy efficiency, indoor air quality, and environmental responsibility.

The R-2000 program is managed by NRCan's Office of Energy Efficiency and comprises:

R-2000 standard - technical specifications

quality assurance

certification

training and licensing of builders and service providers

consumer information

In May 2008, the CHBA published an internal discussion paper proposing changes to the R-2000 standard so it would remain at the forefront as the reference model that influences other programs or initiatives.
Currency Press
Currency Press is a leading performing arts publisher and its oldest independent publisher still active. Their list includes plays and screenplays, professional handbooks, biographies, cultural histories, critical studies and reference works.

Australian Society of Authors
The Australian Society of Authors (ASA) was formed in 1963 as the organisation to promote and protect the rights of Australia's authors and illustrators. The Fellowship of Australian Writers played a key role it its establishment. The organisation established Public Lending Right (PLR) in 1975 and  Educational Lending Right (ELR) in 2000. The ASA was also instrumental in setting up Copyright Agency, the Australian Copyright Council and the International Authors Forum.

The ASA provides information and advice on all aspects of writing and publishing. It administers several awards, including the ASA Medal, the Barbara Jefferis Award,  the ASA/HQ Commercial Fiction Prize, Blake-Beckett Trust Scholarship, and the Varuna Ray Koppe Young Writers Residency.
Provinces of South Korea
Provinces are one of the first-level divisions within South Korea. There are 9 provinces in South Korea: North Chungcheong, South Chungcheong, Gangwon State, Gyeonggi, North Gyeongsang, South Gyeongsang, North Jeolla, South Jeolla, and Jeju Special Self-Governing Province.

South Jeolla Province
South Jeolla Province (Korean: 전라남도; RR: Jeollanam-do), formerly South Chŏlla Province, also known as Jeonnam (전남), is a province in the Honam region, South Korea, and the southernmost province in mainland Korea. South Jeolla borders the provinces of North Jeolla to the north, South Gyeongsang to the northeast, and Jeju to the southwest in the Korea Strait.

Suncheon is the largest city in the province, closely followed by Yeosu. Other major cities include Mokpo, Gwangyang and Naju.

Jeolla-do, including both North and South Jeolla, was the first province out of the Eight Provinces system to have its 1000th year anniversary in 2018, as the name 'Jeolla-do' was established in 1018, during Hyeonjong of Goryeo's 9th year in power.
Political syncretism
Political syncretism, or syncretic politics, combine elements from across the conventional left–right political spectrum. The main idea of syncretic politics is that taking political positions of neutrality by combining elements associated with left-wing politics and right-wing politics can achieve a goal of reconciliation.

Political syncretism is also referred to as catch-all politics, and syncretism is characterized by vague positioning on the political spectrum. Syncretic parties exhibit very high levels of ideological adaptability and flexibility, constantly switching positions and modifying their stances in order to broaden their electorate, without a consolidated commitment to concrete ideologies and political tradition. Political scientist Gilda Sensales argues that political syncretism is relatively rare, and should only be applied to parties and movements that lack programmatic content and which intentionally create ideological ambiguity to attract support.

Third Position
The Third Position is a set of neo-fascist political ideologies that were first described in Western Europe following the Second World War. Developed in the context of the Cold War, it developed its name through the claim that it represented a third position between the capitalism of the Western Bloc and the communism of the Eastern Bloc.
The Beatles Story
The Beatles Story is a museum in Liverpool about the Beatles and their history. It was devised and created by Mike and Bernadette Byrne and officially opened on 1 May 1990. It is located on the historical Royal Albert Dock, and is owned by Mersey Ferries, part of Merseytravel.
The Beatles Story contains recreations of The Casbah Coffee Club, The Cavern Club and Abbey Road Studios among other historical Beatles items, such as John Lennon's spectacles, George Harrison's first guitar and a detailed history about the British Invasion and the solo careers of every Beatle. The museum was also recognised as one of the best tourist attractions of the United Kingdom in 2015. The exhibition was preceded by the Cavern Mecca (1981–1984) and Beatles City (1984–1986).

Mersey Ferry
53°24′58″N 3°01′30″W﻿ / ﻿53.416°N 3.025°W﻿ / 53.416; -3.025

The Mersey Ferry is a ferry service operating on the River Mersey in northwest England, between Liverpool to the east and Birkenhead and Wallasey on the Wirral Peninsula to the west. Ferries have been used on this route since at least the 12th century and continue to be popular for both local people and visitors.

The current fleet consists of two vessels. A third ferry, Royal Daffodil was in service until 2012. The current ferries originally came into service in the 1960s and were named Mountwood and Woodchurch. Both ferries have been extensively refurbished and renamed Royal Iris of the Mersey and Snowdrop. The ferries share the workload of cross-river ferrying, charter cruises and the Manchester Ship Canal cruise. The service is operated by Merseytravel, under the "Mersey Ferries" brand.
Robert Makłowicz
Robert Witold Makłowicz (Polish pronunciation: [ˈrɔbɛrt maˈkwɔvit͡ʂ]; born 12 August 1963) is a Polish food critic, journalist, historian and television personality, notable as a promoter of the Polish cuisine and slow food. He is best known for his series of culinary TV programs Makłowicz w podróży (Makłowicz on the Road).

Telewizja Polska
Telewizja Polska S.A. (pronounced [tɛlɛˈvizja ˈpɔlska]; TVP), also known in English as Polish Television, is a public service broadcaster in Poland, founded in 1952. It is the oldest and largest Polish television network.

After 2015, when the right-wing populist Law and Justice (PiS) party won the Polish parliamentary election, TVP progressively aligned with the speaking points of the PiS government. In the run-up to the 2023 Polish parliamentary election, TVP was designated as a "propaganda arm" of PiS by European media and as "a factory of hate" by the Polish opposition. However, after the electoral victory of the opposition party the Civic Platform in 2023, a newly-appointed Minister of Culture began a restructuring of the broadcaster and its news segment. On 27 December 2023, the Minister of Culture and National Heritage, due to the President's veto on the financing of the company, placed it in liquidation.
Paul Chater
Sir Catchick Paul Chater (Armenian: Խաչիկ Փոլ Չաթեր; Chinese: 遮打; 8 September 1846 – 27 May 1926) was a prominent British businessman of Armenian descent in colonial Hong Kong, whose family roots were in Calcutta, India.

Executive Council of Hong Kong
22°16′53″N 114°09′54″E﻿ / ﻿22.281487°N 114.165089°E﻿ / 22.281487; 114.165089

The Executive Council of Hong Kong (ExCo) is the cabinet of the Government of Hong Kong, acting as a formal body of advisers to the Chief Executive of Hong Kong that serves as a core policy-making organ assisting the chief executive. It is analogous to other Executive Councils in the Commonwealth such as the Federal Executive Council of Australia, the Executive Council of New Zealand, and the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.

Under the presidency of the chief executive, the executive council consists of 21 Official Members (the most senior of these being the Chief Secretary of Hong Kong, head of the Government Secretariat and chair of the Policy Committee), and 16 Non-official Members (also known as ministers without portfolio who are normally leading legislators from pro-establishment political parties) headed by the Convenor of the Non-official Members. The Council normally meets once a week.
HMS Nyasaland
HMS Nyasaland (K587) was a Colony-class frigate of the United Kingdom that served during World War II. She originally was ordered by the United States Navy as the Tacoma-class patrol frigate USS Hoste (PF-83) and was transferred to the Royal Navy prior to completion.

Tacoma-class frigate
The Tacoma class was a class of 96 patrol frigates which served in the United States Navy during World War II and the Korean War. Originally classified as gunboats (PG), they were reclassified as patrol frigates (PF) on 15 April 1943. The class is named for its lead ship, Tacoma, a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) S2-S2-AQ1 design, which in turn was named for the city of Tacoma, Washington. Twenty-one ships were transferred to the British Royal Navy, in which they were known as Colony-class frigates, and twenty-eight ships were transferred under Lend-Lease to the Soviet Navy, where they were designated as storozhevoi korabl ("escort ships"), during World War II. All Tacoma-class ships in US service during World War II were manned by United States Coast Guard crews. Tacoma-class ships were transferred to the United States Coast Guard and various navies post-World War II.
Talgar (river)
The Talgar (Kazakh: Талғар) is a river in Almaty Region, Kazakhstan. It has a length of 117 km (73 mi) and a drainage basin of 444 km2 (171 sq mi).

The Talgar flows by the town of Talgar, the administrative center of Talgar District.

Almaty Region
Almaty Region (Kazakh: Almaty oblysy [ɑɫmɑˈtə ˌwobɫɤˈsə]), formerly known as the Alma-Ata Region until 1993, is a region in Kazakhstan, located in the southeastern part of the country. It surrounds, but does not include, the eponymous city of Almaty. Its capital is Qonaev.
Rais Yatim
Rais bin Yatim (Jawi: رئيس بن يتيم; born 16 April 1942) is a Malaysian politician and lawyer who served as the 18th President of the Dewan Negara from September 2020 to June 2023, 8th Menteri Besar of Negeri Sembilan from 1978 to 1982 and the Member of Parliament (MP) for Jelebu from November 1999 to May 2013.

He was a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), the leading party in previous ruling Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition, except for a period in the 1990s when he became a member of the opposition Parti Melayu Semangat 46 (S46). Presently he is a member of Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU) and its Chairman of the state of Negeri Sembilan, a component party of the ruling Perikatan Nasional (PN) since he left UMNO to join BERSATU on 4 June 2018.

During his short break from active politics before joining BERSATU, he became the President of the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) from 2013 to 2018.

Malaysian Malay
Malaysian Malay (Malay: Bahasa Melayu Malaysia) or Malaysian (Bahasa Malaysia) – endonymically known as Standard Malay (Bahasa Melayu piawai) or simply Malay (Bahasa Melayu, abbreviated to BM) – is a standardized form of the Malay language used in Malaysia and also used in Singapore and Brunei (as opposed to the variety used in Indonesia, which is referred to as the "Indonesian" language). Malaysian Malay is standardized from the Johor–Riau dialect of Malay, particularly a branch spoken in the state of Johor south of the Malay Peninsula. It is spoken by much of the Malaysian population, although most learn a vernacular Malay dialect or another native language first.
West Chang'an Avenue Subdistrict
West Chang'an Avenue Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 西长安街街道; traditional Chinese: 西長安街街道; pinyin: Xī Cháng'ān Jiē Jiēdào) is a subdistrict on the eastern part of Xicheng District, Beijing.

The subdistrict got its name from the Chang'an Avenue (Chinese: 长安街; lit. 'Eternal Peace Avenue'). As of 2020, it had 11 residential communities (社区) under its administration, containing a total population of 36,645

Xicheng, Beijing
Xicheng (Chinese: 西城区; pinyin: Xīchéng Qū; lit. 'West City District') is a district of the city of Beijing. Its 32 square kilometers (12 sq mi) cover the western half of the old city (largely inside the 2nd Ring Road; the eastern half is Dongcheng District), and has 1,106,214 inhabitants (2020 census). Its postal code is 100032. Xicheng is subdivided into 15 subdistricts of the city proper of Beijing. The former Xuanwu District was merged into Xicheng in July 2010.

The Xidan commercial district, Beijing Financial Street, Beihai Park, Jingshan Park, Shichahai, and Zhongnanhai are all within its jurisdiction. The popular Houhai bar area is also in Xicheng Precinct.  Before the 1911 Revolution, most royalty and aristocrats resided in the precinct. The oldest Catholic church in Beijing, the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception is located in Xicheng.
Rijn-Schelde-Verolme
The shipbuilding company Rijn-Schelde-Verolme Machinefabrieken en Scheepswerven NV (RSV) was a combination of shipbuilding companies and machine factories founded in 1971. In 1983, the company went broke with a staggering loss of public money. It led to the Parliamentary inquiry about RSV.

Nederlandsche Dok en Scheepsbouw Maatschappij
The Nederlandsche Dok en Scheepsbouw Maatschappij (NDSM, lit. 'Netherlands dock and shipbuilding company'), was a shipbuilding and repair company based in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. It existed from 1946 to 1978, when it was merged into a daughter company of the Amsterdamsche Droogdok Maatschappij NV.

From 1979 to 1985 the new company Amsterdamse Droogdok Maatschappij BV faced many problems. In 1985, it filed for bankruptcy. On the terrain a small company called ADM Naval Services (ANS) continued to operate for only a few years, before it vacated the premises.

The area of about 80 hectares (200 acres) has since 2013 been transformed into a city district as a distinct part of Amsterdam-Noord and is still under development. The industrial wharfs and structures have been replaced by apartment buildings and hospitality industry, still called NDSM.
Poland national youth football team
The Poland national youth football teams are a group of six teams that represents Poland in association football at various specific age levels, ranging from under-16 to under-21. All of the teams are controlled by Polish Football Association, the governing body for football in Poland.

The six teams are the following:

Poland national under-21 football team

Poland national under-20 football team

Poland national under-19 football team

Poland national under-18 football team

Poland national under-17 football team

Poland national under-16 football team

Poland national under-17 football team
The Poland national under-17 football team represents Poland in international football at this age level and is controlled by Polish Football Association.

This team is for Polish players aged 17 or under at the start of a two-year European Under-17 Football Championship campaign.
Dejan Stanković
Dejan Stanković (Serbian Cyrillic: Дејан Станковић, Serbian pronunciation: [dějan stǎŋkoʋitɕ], born 11 September 1978) is a Serbian professional football manager and former player. He captained the Serbia national team from 2007 until 2011, when he announced his retirement from international football. He is currently the head coach of Serbian Super League team Red Star Belgrade.

Stanković began his career at Red Star Belgrade before joining Lazio in 1998. He spent more than five years with the latter club before joining Inter Milan, where he remained until his retirement in 2013. Stanković is the only man to represent three differently named nations at FIFA World Cups – Yugoslavia, Serbia and Montenegro and Serbia.

2009–10 Coppa Italia
The 2009–10 Coppa Italia was the 63rd edition of the domestic tournament. The competition started on 2 August 2009 and ended on 5 May 2010. As in the previous year, 78 clubs took part in the tournament. Internazionale were the cup holders.
Qalyubiyya Governorate
Qalyubia (Arabic: محافظة القليوبية Moḥāfaẓat El Qalyubiyya  Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [elʔæljoˈbejjæ]) is one of the governorates of Egypt, located in Lower Egypt. It is situated north of Cairo in the Nile Delta region. Its capital is Banha.

Nile Delta
The Nile Delta (Arabic: دلتا النيل, Delta an-Nīl or simply الدلتا, ad-Delta) is the delta formed in Lower Egypt where the Nile River spreads out and drains into the Mediterranean Sea. It is one of the world's largest deltas. From Alexandria in the west to Port Said in the east; it covers 240 km (150 mi) of the Mediterranean coastline and is a rich agricultural region. From north to south the delta is approximately 160 km (100 mi) in length. The Delta begins from Cairo.
Violin construction and mechanics
A violin consists of a body or corpus, a neck, a finger board, a bridge, a soundpost, four strings, and various fittings. The fittings are the tuning pegs, tailpiece and tailgut, endpin, possibly one or more fine tuners on the tailpiece, and in the modern style of playing, usually a chinrest, either attached with the cup directly over the tailpiece or to the left of it. There are many variations of chinrests: center-mount types such as Flesch or Guarneri, clamped to the body on both sides of the tailpiece, and side-mount types clamped to the lower bout to the left of the tailpiece.

Animal glue
Animal glue is an adhesive that is created by prolonged boiling of animal connective tissue in a process called rendering. In addition to being used as an adhesive, it is used for coating and sizing, in decorative composition ornaments, and as a clarifying agent.

These protein colloid glues are formed through hydrolysis of the collagen from skins, bones, tendons, and other tissues, similar to gelatin. The word collagen itself derives from Greek κόλλα (kolla), meaning 'glue'. These proteins form a molecular bond with the glued object.

Stereotypically, the animal in question is a horse, and horses that are euthanized are often said to have been "sent to the glue factory". However, other animals are also used, including cattle, rabbits and fish.
Tyson Griffin
Tyson Lee Griffin (born April 20, 1984) is a retired American mixed martial artist who competed in the lightweight division. He competed for the UFC, Strikeforce, the RFA, and the World Series of Fighting.

Lightweight (MMA)
The lightweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's lightweight division, which groups competitors within 146 to 155 lb (66 to 70 kg)

The Shooto lightweight division, which limits competitors to 145 lb (65.8 kg)

The ONE Championship's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 77.1 kg (170.0 lb)

The Road FC's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 154 lb (70 kg)
Murder of Eldon Maguan
On July 2, 1991, Eldon Maguan, a 25-year-old engineering student at De La Salle University, was fatally shot by Rolito Go, a 43-year-old construction magnate in what authorities described as a road rage incident along Wilson Street in San Juan, Metro Manila, Philippines.

Maguan sustained a gunshot wound to the head and died several days later. The case drew national attention because of Go's social standing, his escape from custody prior to sentencing, and subsequent controversies surrounding his incarceration and release. In 1997, Go was convicted of murder by the Pasig Regional Trial Court and sentenced to reclusión perpetua. After serving part of his sentence and receiving sentence reductions for good conduct, he was released in 2016 following a ruling by the Supreme Court of the Philippines.

Secretary of Justice (Philippines)
The secretary of justice (Filipino: kalihim ng katarungan) is the head of the Department of Justice and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

The position is currently held by its Acting Secretary Usec. Fredderick A. Vida since October 10, 2025 following Jesus Crispin Remulla's appointment as Ombudsman.
Wuyang New Town
23°07′11″N 113°18′28″E﻿ / ﻿23.119766°N 113.307857°E﻿ / 23.119766; 113.307857
Wuyang New Town (Chinese: 五羊新城) is a place in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. It is located at the west of Zhujiang New Town (Chinese: 珠江新城) and the north of Ersha Island (Chinese: 二沙岛) in Yuexiu District. It acts as central business district (CBD) among North Tianhe District, Zhujiang New Town and Pazhou (the place where Canton Fair is held).

There is a Guangzhou Metro station in the area called Wuyangcun Station.

Ersha Island
Ersha Island, formerly Napier Island in English, is an island in the Yuexiu District of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. It houses the American International School of Guangzhou elementary school campus, several apartment complexes, a badminton stadium, and a government sports training facility. Ersha Island is also home to the Guangdong Museum of Art and the Xinghai Concert Hall. It also contains several small parks: Chuanqi, Hong Cheng, Ershadao Sports Park, and Guangzhou Fazhan Park.
East Danforth
East Danforth, also known as Danforth Village, is an informal neighbourhood in the east end of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located on the eastern part of Danforth Avenue, from the eastern edge of Greektown by Greenwood Avenue to the boundary of Scarborough at Victoria Park Avenue. The area is covered by two business improvement associations, Danforth Village and Danforth Mosaic. To the north of the neighbourhood is Old East York, once a separate municipality, but today closely integrated into the area. The southern border is the railway tracks, beyond which is Leslieville and the Upper Beaches.

Leslieville
Leslieville is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, situated east of the Don River. It is bounded by the Canadian National railway line and Gerrard Street to the north, McGee Street to the west, Eastern Avenue to south, and Coxwell Avenue to the east.