hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erkerode
Erkerode is a municipality in the District of Wolfenbüttel, in the south-east of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is nearly 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) south-east of Braunschweig. The Elm, a range of forested hills, is close by.

The town of Erkerode was first mentioned in historic documents in 1175 (Erikeroth). The village belonged to the noble family of Veltheim since the 12th century. It was part of the court of Destedt. There are still many medieval farm houses of various types to be seen in the village today.

Wolfenbüttel (district)
Wolfenbüttel is a district in southeastern Lower Saxony, Germany. Neighboring districts are (clockwise from the north) the district-free City of Braunschweig, the district of Helmstedt, the district of Harz in Saxony-Anhalt, and the districts of Goslar, Hildesheim and Peine. The district-free city of Salzgitter cuts through the district of Wolfenbüttel in the southwest.
Douglas Heyes
Douglas Heyes (May 22, 1919 – February 8, 1993) was an American film and television writer, director, producer, actor, composer, and author with a long list of accomplishments. He was sometimes credited under the pseudonym Matthew Howard.

Thriller (American TV series)
Thriller (also known as Boris Karloff's Thriller and Boris Karloff Presents) is an American anthology television series that aired during the 1960–61 and 1961–62 seasons on NBC. The show featured host Boris Karloff introducing a mix of macabre horror tales and suspense thrillers.
Onkar Singh Kalkat
Major–General Onkar Singh Kalkat, PVSM, (1917 or 1918 – 3 December 2004) was an Indian military officer in the British Indian Army and later the Indian Army. Soon after the partition of India in 1947, he stumbled upon the plans for an Operation Gulmarg, which were apparently Pakistani plans to attack the princely state of Kashmir, two months before they were to commence. Even though he conveyed the information to the Indian authorities, he was not taken seriously. Senior Indian officials including the-then Defence Minister of India Sardar Baldev Singh, Brigadier Kalwant Singh and the DGMO, Col. P. N. Thapar, were complicit in the delay in taking action on Kalkat's information. Kalkat's account also shows the complicity of some British officials in the 1947 invasion of Kashmir.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
Live Stages
Live Stages is a live album by Vertical Horizon, released by Rhythmic Records in early 1997, and later re-released by RCA Records. This album was recorded live at Ziggy's in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. It featured mostly songs from the band's second album, Running on Ice, (and "On the Sea" from There and Back Again), as well as new material. This was the first Vertical Horizon album to feature Matt Scannell more prominently on electric guitar, and also the first to include drummer Ed Toth. Ryan Fisher played bass.

Running on Ice
Running on Ice is the second album by Vertical Horizon, released independently in 1995, and later re-released by RCA. It was produced by John Alagia (John Mayer, Dave Matthews Band), Doug Derryberry and Matt Scannell. Though still technically a duo and acoustic based, Running on Ice featured many guest musicians (most notably Carter Beauford of the Dave Matthews Band on drums), giving the album more of a full band sound. Derryberry also contributed keyboards and vocals. Two of the album's songs ("Wash Away" and "The Man Who Would Be Santa") appeared on the 2nd Aware Compilation.
26th Hussars
The 26th Hussars was a cavalry regiment of the British Army from 1941 to 1943.

The regiment was raised at Meerut in June 1941 from a cadre of personnel taken from the 14th/20th King's Hussars. It was assigned to the 2nd Indian Armoured Brigade and was later moved to the 255th Indian Armoured Brigade at Sialkot.

Its badge was based on the Prussian eagle borne by the 14th/20th (but with the orb and sceptre reversed) with the addition of the regimental number on a scroll underneath.

It was disbanded at Bolarum, near Secunderabad, in October 1943. Some of the personnel were transferred to the 3rd Carabiniers, but the majority joined the Chindits force under Orde Wingate.

3rd Carabiniers
The 3rd Carabiniers (Prince of Wales's Dragoon Guards) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army. It was formed in 1922 as part of a reduction in the army's cavalry by the amalgamation of the 3rd Dragoon Guards (Prince of Wales's) and the Carabiniers (6th Dragoon Guards), to form the 3rd/6th Dragoon Guards. It was renamed the 3rd Carabiniers (Prince of Wales's Dragoon Guards) in 1928 and amalgamated with the Royal Scots Greys (2nd Dragoons), forming the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards (Carabiniers and Greys) in 1971.
Myrtle Cole
Myrtle Cole  is an American politician who served as a member of the San Diego City Council from 2013 to 2018, representing District 4. A member of the Democratic Party, Cole was the first African American woman elected to the city council and served as council president from 2017 to 2018. In 2018, Cole lost a bid for re-election, becoming one of the first incumbent council members to lose re-election since 1992.

San Diego City Council
32°43′01″N 117°09′47″W﻿ / ﻿32.71691°N 117.16297°W﻿ / 32.71691; -117.16297

The San Diego City Council is the legislative branch of government for the City of San Diego. The city council was first established in San Diego in 1850. The council is part of a strong mayor system with a separately elected mayor who acts as the executive of the city. There are currently nine members of the council. City council members serve a four-year term and are limited to two successive terms.
Morohashi Museum of Modern Art
The Morohashi Museum of Modern Art (諸橋近代美術館, Morohashi Kindai Bijutsukan) is an art museum that opened in Kitashiobara, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, in 1999. It is situated within Bandai-Asahi National Park, near Goshiki-numa, and with views of Mount Bandai. The permanent collection includes over three hundred forty pieces by Salvador Dalí, which makes it the third largest Dalí Museum in the world and the sole Dalí Museum in Asia. It also owns works by other painters, like Sisley, Cézanne, Renoir, Matisse and Picasso.

Goshiki-numa
Goshiki-numa (五色沼), is a cluster of five volcanic lakes situated at the foot of Mount Bandai in the center of the lake district of the Bandai Highland (磐梯高原, Bandai-kōgen), Kitashiobara, Fukushima, Japan.

Goshiki-numa formed when Mount Bandai erupted on July 15, 1888, destroying dozens of villages and killing approximately 500 people while creating hundreds of lakes and tarns.

The eruption completely rearranged the landscape, creating the Bandai-kōgen plateau and damming local rivers. The eruption imparted mineral deposits to the Five Colored Lakes giving each of them its own distinct color, ranging from reddish green to cobalt blue. The colors of each lake mysteriously fluctuate throughout the year with the weather. Since the eruption, Goshiki-numa has become a popular tourist destination. An approximately four-kilometer walking path from Lake Bishamon, the largest of the five lakes, to Lake Hibara affords people a view of all five lakes.
India women's national under-17 football team
The Indian women's national under-17 football team represents India in international women's under-17 football. The team is controlled by the governing body for football in India, the All India Football Federation (AIFF). The federation is a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and the regional South Asian Football Federation (SAFF).

The team have only participated once in the AFC U-17 Women's Asian Cup, back during the tournament's inaugural edition.

2026 SAFF U-19 Women's Championship
The 2026 SAFF U-19 Women’s Championship was the 7th edition of the SAFF U-19 Women’s Championship, an international youth football tournament contested by women’s under-19 national teams from South Asia and organised by the South Asian Football Federation (SAFF). The tournament was held in Pokhara, Nepal, from 31 January to 7 February 2026, with four national teams participated.

India is the current champion having defeated Bangladesh by 4–0 goals in the final of the tournament on 7 February 2026.
Kōshō (crater)
Kōshō is a crater on Mercury. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1985. Kōshō is named for the Japanese sculptor Kōshō, who lived in the 13th century CE.

There are bright patches on the central peak of Kōshō, which may be hollows.

Kōshō is on the east margin of Suisei Planitia.  To the south is the large crater Strindberg, to the east is Ahmad Baba, and to the north is Turgenev.

Strindberg (crater)
Strindberg is a 189 km diameter impact basin in the Shakespeare quadrangle of Mercury. It was named after the Swedish playwright, novelist and short story writer August Strindberg.

Strindberg is one of 110 peak ring basins on Mercury.

To the southwest is the large Shakespeare crater and further to the west is Janáček crater and Suisei Planitia.
Fish diseases and parasites
Like humans and other animals, fish suffer from diseases and parasites. Fish defences against disease are specific and non-specific. Non-specific defences include skin and scales, as well as the mucus layer secreted by the epidermis that traps microorganisms and inhibits their growth. If pathogens breach these defences, fish can develop inflammatory responses that increase the flow of blood to infected areas and deliver white blood cells that attempt to destroy the pathogens.

Specific defences are specialised responses to particular pathogens recognised by the fish's body, that is adaptative immune responses. In recent years, vaccines have become widely used in aquaculture and ornamental fish, for example vaccines for commercial food fishes like Aeromonas salmonicida, furunculosis in salmon and Lactococcosis\Streptococcosis  in farmed grey mullet, Tilapia and koi herpes virus in koi.

Some commercially important fish diseases are VHS, ICH, and whirling disease.

Monogenea
Monogeneans, members of the class Monogenea (/ˌmɒnəˈdʒiːniːə/ MON-ə-JEE-nee-ə), are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reproductive structures.

Some monogeneans are oviparous (egg-laying) and some are viviparous (live-bearing). Oviparous varieties release eggs into the water. Viviparous varieties release larvae, which immediately attach to another host. The genus Gyrodactylus  is an example of a viviparous variety, while the genus Dactylogyrus is an example of an oviparous variety.
Clark Thomas Rogerson
Clark Thomas Rogerson (2 October 1918 – 7 September 2001) was an American mycologist. He was known for his work in the Hypocreales (Ascomycota), particularly Hypomyces, a genus of fungi that parasitize other fungi. After receiving his doctorate from Cornell University in 1950, he went on to join the faculty of Kansas State University. In 1958, he became a curator at The New York Botanical Garden, and served as editor for various academic journals published by the Garden. Rogerson was involved with the Mycological Society of America, serving in various positions, including president in 1969. He was managing editor (1958–89) and editor-in-chief (1960–65) of the scientific journal Mycologia.

Systematics
Systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time. Relationships are visualized as evolutionary trees (synonyms: phylogenetic trees, phylogenies).  Phylogenies have two components: branching order (showing group relationships, graphically represented in cladograms) and branch length (showing amount of evolution).  Phylogenetic trees of species and higher taxa are used to study the evolution of traits (e.g., anatomical or molecular characteristics) and the distribution of organisms (biogeography). Systematics, in other words, is used to understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth.

The word systematics is derived from the Latin word of Ancient Greek origin systema, which means systematic arrangement of organisms. Carl Linnaeus used 'Systema Naturae' as the title of his book.
Geoff Makhubo
Moloantoa Geoffrey Makhubo (8 February 1968 – 9 July 2021) was a South African politician who served as the Mayor of Johannesburg from December 2019 until his death from COVID-19 in July 2021. He was a member of the African National Congress and the party's regional chair. During the administration of Parks Tau, he served as the MMC (Member of the Mayoral Committee) for Finance.

Mayor of Johannesburg
The mayor of Johannesburg is the highest elected position in the city of Johannesburg, South Africa. Since 2000, they are the chief executive of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality council. On 16 August 2024, the council elected Dada Morero to the position.
History of the Roman Curia
The history of the Roman Curia, the administrative apparatus responsible for managing the affairs of the Holy See and the Catholic Church, can be traced to the 11th century when informal methods of administration began to take on a more organized structure and eventually a bureaucratic form. The Curia has undergone a series of renewals and reforms, including a major overhaul following the loss of the Papal States, which fundamentally altered the range and nature of the Curia's responsibilities, removing many of an entirely secular nature.

Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
The Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments (Latin: Dicasterium de Cultu Divino et Disciplina Sacramentorum) is the dicastery (from Greek: δικαστήριον, romanized: dikastērion, lit. 'law-court', from δικαστής, 'judge, juror') of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Church as distinct from the Eastern Catholic Churches and also some technical matters relating to the sacraments.

Prior to June 2022, the dicastery was officially named the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments (only the first word being different). This former name has often been shortened to Congregation for Divine Worship, further abbreviated as Divine Worship or CDW.
Michel Bouquet
Michel François Pierre Bouquet (6 November 1925 – 13 April 2022) was a French stage and film actor. He appeared in more than 100 films from 1947 to 2020. He won the Best Actor European Film Award for Toto the Hero in 1991 and two Best Actor Césars for How I Killed My Father (2001) and The Last Mitterrand (2005). He also received the Molière Award for Best Actor for Les côtelettes in 1998, then again for Exit the King in 2005. In 2014, he was awarded the Honorary Molière for the sum of his career. He received the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor in 2018.

César Award for Best Actor
The César Award for Best Actor (French: César de la meilleure acteur) is one of the César Awards, presented annually by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma to recognize the outstanding performance in a leading role of an actor who has worked within the French film industry during the year preceding the ceremony. Nominees and winner are selected via a run-off voting by all the members of the Académie.
L-ornithine N5 monooxygenase
L-ornithine N5 monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.195 or EC 1.14.13.196) is an enzyme which catalyzes one of the following chemical reactions:

L-ornithine + NADPH + O2  N(5)-hydroxy-L-ornithine + NADP+ + H2O

L-ornithine + NAD(P)H + O2  N(5)-hydroxy-L-ornithine + NAD(P)+ + H2O

The three ligands of this enzyme are L-ornithine (substrate), FAD (cofactor), and NADPH or NAD(P)H (cofactor and electron donor).

Siderophore
Siderophores (Greek: "iron carrier") are small, high-affinity iron-chelating compounds that are secreted by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. They help the organism accumulate iron. Although a widening range of siderophore functions is now being appreciated, siderophores are among the strongest (highest affinity) Fe3+ binding agents known. Phytosiderophores are siderophores produced by plants.
Rowing at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's double sculls
The men's double sculls was a rowing event held as part of the rowing programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics. It was the first time the event was held at the Olympics. The competition was held on Saturday, July 30, 1904. Three American crews competed.

Rowing at the 1904 Summer Olympics
At the 1904 Summer Olympics, five rowing events were contested. All competitions were held on Saturday, July 30.

It was the second appearance of the sport in Olympic competition. Coxless forms of the pairs and fours were introduced, replacing the coxed pairs and fours that had been used four years earlier. Sculling was expanded, with double sculls as well as singles.
Jesús Muñoz Tébar
Jesús Muñoz Tébar (Caracas, 17 January 1847 – 21 September, 1909) was a Venezuelan engineer, soldier and politician, Minister of Public Works on five occasions during the government of Antonio Guzmán Blanco. He was the Minister of Finance from 1908 to 1909.

Antonio Guzmán Blanco
Antonio Leocadio Guzmán Blanco (28 February 1829 – 28 July 1899) was a Venezuelan military leader, statesman, diplomat and politician. He was the president of Venezuela for three separate terms, from 1870 until 1877, from 1879 until 1884, and from 1886 until 1887 and General during the Venezuelan Federal War.

He was a member of the movement known as Liberalismo Amarillo.
Metapontum
Metapontum or Metapontium (Ancient Greek: Μεταπόντιον, romanized: Metapontion) was an ancient city of Magna Graecia, situated on the gulf of Tarentum, between the river Bradanus and the Casuentus (modern Basento). It was distant about 20 km from Heraclea and 40 from Tarentum. The ruins of Metapontum are located in the frazione of Metaponto, in the comune of Bernalda, in the Province of Matera, Basilicata region, southern Italy.

Alexander I of Epirus
Alexander I of Epirus (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος Α'; c. 370 BC – 331 BC), also known as Alexander Molossus (Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μολοσσός), was a king of Epirus (343/2–331 BC) of the Aeacid dynasty. As the son of Neoptolemus I and brother of Olympias, Alexander I was an uncle and brother-in-law of Alexander the Great. He was also an uncle to Pyrrhus of Epirus.
2019–20 Philadelphia Flyers season
The 2019–20 Philadelphia Flyers season was the 53rd season for the National Hockey League (NHL) franchise that was established on June 5, 1967. This is also the first season with head coach Alain Vigneault.

The season was suspended by the league officials on March 12, 2020, after several other professional and collegiate sports organizations followed suit as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. On May 26, the NHL regular season was officially declared over with the remaining games being cancelled. The Flyers returned to the playoffs after missing them in the 2018–19 season and played in a round-robin tournament, capturing the first seed for the playoffs for the first time since the 1999–2000 season. The Flyers defeated the Montreal Canadiens in the first round, but were defeated in seven games by the New York Islanders in the second round.

2018–19 Philadelphia Flyers season
The 2018–19 Philadelphia Flyers season was the 52nd season for the National Hockey League (NHL) franchise that was established on June 5, 1967. The Flyers were eliminated from playoff contention on March 30, 2019, after a 5–2 loss to the Carolina Hurricanes.
Kartunes
Kartunes is a series of 12 theatrical short subjects produced by Famous Studios and released by Paramount Pictures from 1951 to 1953. These were identical in format to the studio's previous Screen Songs cartoons. The first half of each subject had various blackout gags related to the premise of the film, and the second half invited the audience to sing along "with the bouncing ball" as song lyrics were shown on the screen. The opening theme of each cartoon was "Sing a Song of Sixpence".

After Paramount Pictures lost the rights to the Screen Songs name, and the term "Bouncing Ball" couldn't be used anymore, the series became known as Kartunes. Even though the series ended in 1953, Famous quietly made two more "bouncing ball" shorts, Candy Cabaret (released in 1954) and Hobo's Holiday (released in 1963), as part of the Noveltoons series.

Bouncing ball (music)
The bouncing ball is a virtual device used in motion picture films and video recordings to visually indicate the rhythm of a song, helping audiences to sing along with live or prerecorded music. As the song's lyrics are displayed on the screen in a lower third of projected or character-generated text, an animated ball bounces across the top of the words, landing on each syllable when it is to be sung.

The bouncing ball is mainly used for English language songs in video recordings, however, in Japan, a similar device is used where the text changes color as it is sung, just like in karaoke.
Ryynimakkara
Ryynimakkara (lit. 'groat sausage') is a type of sausage in Finnish cuisine containing groats. Ryynimakkara has barley groats, about one fifth of its weight, lowering its meat and fat content. Also, the fat content is considerably lower than other sausages, usually between 10 and 15%. In some traditional recipes ryynimakkaras are prepared with no meat at all.

The closest relatives to the ryynimakkara are the potato sausage (perunamakkara) from the Häme region of Finland, which has potato instead of the barley groats, blood sausages (verimakkara) and the black sausage (mustamakkara) from Tampere. The use of groats in the ryynimakkara is similar to the British black pudding although its appearance is different, being a thick and small sausage. Also, the Scottish traditional food haggis have some similarities to ryynimakkara, although instead of intestines it is made in the stomach of a sheep.

Blood sausage
A blood sausage is a sausage filled with blood that is cooked or dried and mixed with a filler until it is thick enough to solidify when cooled. Most commonly, the blood of pigs, sheep, lamb, cow, chicken, or goose is used.

In Europe and the Americas, typical fillers include meat, fat, suet, bread, cornmeal, onion, chestnuts, barley, oatmeal, and buckwheat. On the Iberian Peninsula and in Latin America and Asia, fillers are often made with rice. Sweet variants with sugar, honey, orange peel, and spices are also regional specialties.

In many languages, a general term such as blood sausage (American English) is used for all sausages that are made from blood, whether or not they include non-animal material such as bread, cereal, and nuts. Sausages that include such material are often referred to with more specific terms, such as black pudding in English. Other varieties of blood sausage include boudin rouge (Creole and Cajun), rellena or moronga (Mexico), and sanganel (Friuli).