hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025 Costa do Sauípe Open
The 2025 Costa do Sauípe Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Sauipe, Brazil between 20 and 26 October 2025.

2025 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2025 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2025 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 217 tournaments with prize money ranging from $60,000 up to $250,000. It was the 48th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 17th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Tres Valles
Tres Valles (transl. Three valleys) is a town and municipality in the Mexican state of Veracruz, created as a free municipality by decree on November 25, 1988. It is located in the lower reaches of the Papaloapan, and borders the state of Oaxaca and the towns of Tierra Blanca and Cosamaloapan.

The main source of income is agriculture, particularly sugar cane cultivation, but rice, corn, beans, pineapples, sorghum, and mangoes are also grown here.

Sugarcane mill
A sugar cane mill is a factory that processes sugar cane to produce raw sugar or plantation white sugar. Some sugar mills are situated next to a back-end refinery, that turns raw sugar into (refined) white sugar.

The term is also used to refer to the equipment that crushes the sticks of sugar cane to extract the juice.
Traditional sub-Saharan African harmony
Traditional sub-Saharan African harmony is a music theory of harmony in sub-Saharan African music based on the principles of homophonic parallelism (chords based around a leading melody that follow its rhythm and contour), homophonic polyphony (independent parts moving together), counter-melody (secondary melody) and ostinato-variation (variations based on a repeated theme). Polyphony (contrapuntal and ostinato variation) is common in African music and heterophony (the voices move at different times) is a common technique as well. Although these principles of traditional African music are of Pan-African validity, the degree to which they are used in one area over another (or in the same community) varies. Specific techniques that are used to generate harmony in Africa are the "span process", "pedal notes" (a held note, typically in the bass, around which other parts move), "rhythmic harmony", "harmony by imitation", and "scalar clusters" (see below for explanation of these terms).

Polyrhythm
Polyrhythm (/ˈpɒlirɪðəm/) is the simultaneous use of two or more rhythms that are not readily perceived as deriving from one another, or as simple manifestations of the same meter. The rhythmic layers may be the basis of an entire piece of music (cross-rhythm), or a momentary section. Polyrhythms can be distinguished from irrational rhythms, which can occur within the context of a single part; polyrhythms require at least two rhythms to be played concurrently, one of which is typically an irrational rhythm. Concurrently in this context means within the same rhythmic cycle. The underlying pulse, whether explicit or implicit can be considered one of the concurrent rhythms. For example, the son clave is poly-rhythmic because its 3 section suggests a different meter from the pulse of the entire pattern.
NGC 1574
NGC 1574 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Reticulum. The galaxy lies about 55 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 1574 is approximately 75,000 light years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on December 4, 1834. It is a member of the Dorado Group.

The galaxy features a bar embedded in an extended disk. A nearly complete ring surrounds the bar. The galaxy is seen nearly face-on, at an inclination of about 27°. Carbon monoxide  gas has been lying in a disk about 2.6 arcseconds across, which corresponds to about 200 parsecs, around the nucleus. The kinematics suggest that it is due to a warp in the disk. The nucleus of the galaxy doesn't appear to be active. The supermassive black hole is estimated to have a mass of (1.0±0.2)×108 M☉.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Isaac S. Flint
Isaac S. Flint (November 3, 1819 – April 6, 1893) was an Underground Railroad station master, lecturer, farmer, and a teacher. He saved Samuel D. Burris, a conductor on the Underground Railroad, from being sold into slavery after having been caught helping runaway enslaved people.

Thomas Garrett
Thomas Garrett (August 21, 1789 – January 25, 1871) was an American abolitionist and assisted in the Underground Railroad movement before the American Civil War. He helped more than 2,500 African Americans escape slavery.

For his efforts, he was threatened, harassed, and assaulted. A $10,000 (equivalent to $377,960 in 2024) bounty was established for his capture. He was arrested and convicted for helping Emeline and Samuel Hawkins escape slavery.
Birthday (Angel)
"Birthday" is the eleventh episode of the third season of the American television series Angel. Written by Mere Smith and directed by Michael Grossman, it was originally broadcast on January 14, 2002 on the WB network. In "Birthday", Cordelia has a precognitive vision so painful that she goes into a coma. She is met by a demon guide who allows her to go back in time and choose a different path, so that she can avoid becoming afflicted with the visions that are killing her. Although in this alternate timeline Cordelia is a successful sitcom actress, she decides to accept the visions once again so that she can help people.

Angel season 3
The third season of the television series Angel, the spin-off of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, premiered on September 24, 2001, on The WB and concluded its 22-episode season on May 20, 2002. The season aired in a new timeslot, Mondays at 9:00 pm ET. This was the first season where Angel and Buffy did not air on the same network, as Buffy had moved to the UPN network beginning with its sixth season.
Sieradz National Defence Brigade
The Sieradz National Defence Brigade (Polish: Sieradzka Brygada Obrony Narodowej) was a reserve unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period. Stationed in Łódź, on August 30, 1939, it was moved to Wieluń. It consisted of several battalions, such as Wieluń I, Wieluń II, Kępno, Ostrzeszów, Lubliniec and Klobuck. Commanded by colonel Jerzy Grobicki, it was part of the Łódź Army and its battalions were divided between 7th and 10th Infantry Divisions.

Łódź Army
Łódź Army (Polish: Armia Łódź) was one of the Polish armies of the Polish Armed Forces of the Second Polish Republic that took part in the Polish Defensive War of 1939. It was officially created on 23 March 1939 with the task of filling the gap between Poznań Army in the north and Kraków Army in the south. Commanded by Juliusz Rómmel, it consisted of five infantry divisions and two cavalry brigades with support from the air force.
Collartida
Collartida is a genus of assassin bugs.  The genus was thought to be restricted to Africa, Israel and the Canary Islands, but a newly discovered species was recently reported from Taiwan (in 2010). The genus currently consists of 11 species.

Reduviidae
The Reduviidae is a large cosmopolitan family of the suborder Heteroptera of the order Hemiptera (true bugs). Among the Hemiptera and together with the Nabidae almost all species are terrestrial ambush predators; most other predatory Hemiptera are aquatic. The main examples of non-predatory Reduviidae are some blood-sucking ectoparasites in the subfamily Triatominae, with a few species from South America noted for their ability to transmit Chagas disease. Though spectacular exceptions are known, most members of the family are fairly easily recognizable: they have a relatively narrow neck, sturdy build, and formidable curved proboscis (sometimes called a rostrum). Large specimens should be handled with caution, if at all, because they sometimes defend themselves with a very painful stab from the proboscis.
Mhleli Dlamini
Mhleli Dlamini (born 25 July 1994) is a South African rugby union player for the Blue Bulls in the Currie Cup and Bulls. Nicknamed Giraffe, his regular position is prop.

Dlamini was named in the Blue Bulls squad for the 2021 Currie Cup Premier Division. He made his debut in Round 1 of the 2021 Currie Cup Premier Division against the Western Province. Dlamini has also played in the Rugby Europe Super Cup with the Tel Aviv Heat.

2021 Currie Cup Premier Division
The 2021 Currie Cup Premier Division was the 83rd edition of the top tier of the Currie Cup, the premier domestic rugby union competition in South Africa. It was sponsored by beer brand Carling Black Label and organised by the South African Rugby Union.

The tournament returned to its usual dates, following being played from November to January in 2020/21 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The tournament also returned to its usual length of 14 rounds followed by finals, following a shortened 7 round competition in 2020/21.

The First Division of the Currie Cup also returned in 2021, having been postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.
Cape Morton
Cape Morton (Danish: Kap Morton) is a headland in North Greenland in Avannaata municipality. The cape is named after Arctic explorer William Morton, who surveyed the Nares Strait area together with Hans Hendrik in June 1854 during the Second Grinnell Expedition.

Fossils dating back to the Homerian have been found in the area of the cape. They belong to the Kap Morton Formation of the Peary Land Group.

Avannaata
Avannaata (Greenlandic pronunciation: [avanːaːta], Danish: Norden, lit. 'The North') is a municipality of Greenland created on 1 January 2018 from the bulk of the former Qaasuitsup municipality. It encompasses an area of 522,700 km2 and has 10,989 inhabitants.
Statue of Sherlock Holmes, London
A statue of Sherlock Holmes by the sculptor John Doubleday stands near the supposed site of 221B Baker Street, the fictional detective's address in London. Unveiled on 23 September 1999, the sculpture was funded by the Abbey National building society, whose headquarters were on the purported site of the famous address. As no site was available on Baker Street itself the statue was installed outside Baker Street tube station, on Marylebone Road. Doubleday had previously produced a statue of Holmes for the town of Meiringen in Switzerland, below the Reichenbach Falls whence the detective fell to his apparent death in the 1893 story "The Final Problem".

Reichenbach Falls
Reichenbach Falls (German: Reichenbachfälle) is a waterfall in the Bernese Oberland region of Switzerland, which drop a height of 250 metres (820 ft). In literature, the upper Great Reichenbach Fall is the location of the final altercation between Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's hero Sherlock Holmes and his greatest foe, Professor Moriarty, in "The Final Problem".
City of London Militia Act 1662
The City of London Militia Act 1662 (14 Cha. 2. c. 3) or Militia Act 1662 is an act of the Parliament of England which codified the power of [lord-]lieutenants of places in England and Wales to raise the militia. In practice, most lieutenancy areas were counties, but the 1662 act made exemptions for the Constable of the Tower and Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports to act as lieutenants within their jurisdictions (the Tower Hamlets and Confederation of Cinque Ports respectively).

Militia (England)
The English Militia was the principal military reserve force of the Kingdom of England. Militia units were repeatedly raised in England from the Anglo-Saxon period onwards for internal security duties and to defend against external invasions. One of the first militia units in England were the fyrd, which were raised from freemen to defend the estate of their local Shire's lord or accompany the housecarls on offensive expeditions. During the Middle Ages, English militia units continued to be raised for service in various conflicts such as the Wars of Scottish Independence, the Hundred Years' War and the Wars of the Roses. Militia troops continued to see service in Tudor and Stuart periods, most prominently in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. Following the Acts of Union 1707, the English Militia was transformed into the British Militia.
Audioshield
Audioshield is a 2016 music video game created by Dylan Fitterer for the HTC Vive. The game generates levels based on music supplied by the player. In the game, the player blocks incoming notes with a shield of a matching color. Audioshield received mixed responses for its gameplay.

Music video game
A music video game, also commonly known as a music game, is a video game where the gameplay is meaningfully and often almost entirely oriented around the player's interactions with a musical score or individual songs. Music video games may take a variety of forms and are often grouped with puzzle games due to their common use of "rhythmically generated puzzles".

Music video games are distinct from purely audio games (e.g. the 1997 Sega Saturn release Real Sound: Kaze no Regret) in that they feature a visual feedback, to lead the player through the game's soundtrack, although eidetic music games can fall under both categories.
Male captus bene detentus
Male captus, bene detentus (wrongly captured, properly detained) is a legal doctrine, according to which the fact that a person may have been wrongly or unfairly arrested, will not prejudice a rightful detention or trial under due process.

There is state practice in support of the doctrine, as well as contrary state practice. In one of its cases the U.S. Supreme Court held that where a person from another country is apprehended by irregular means, the right to set up as defense the unlawful manner by which he was brought to a court belongs "to the Government from whose territory he was wrongfully taken".

Legal doctrine
A legal doctrine is a framework, set of rules, procedural steps, or test, often established through precedent in the common law, through which judgments can be determined in a given legal case. For example, a doctrine comes about when a judge makes a ruling where a process is outlined and applied, and allows for it to be equally applied to like cases. When enough judges make use of the process, it may become established as the de facto method of deciding like situations.
Dunbreen Rovers
Dunbreen Rovers are a junior football club playing in the Fermanagh And Western Football League. The club, formed in 1963, hailing from Omagh, County Tyrone, the Firsts and Reserves play their home games at Youthsport, Omagh and the Third team play their home games at Omagh Leisure Complex.

Omagh
Omagh (/ˈoʊmə, ˈoʊmɑː/; from Irish: An Ómaigh [ənˠ ˈoːmˠiː], meaning 'the virgin plain') is the county town of County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is situated where the rivers Drumragh and Camowen meet to form the Strule. Northern Ireland's capital city, Belfast, is 68 miles (109.5 km) to the east of Omagh, and Derry is 34 miles (55 km) to the north.

The town had a population of 20,458 at the 2021 census. At the time of 2011 census, the former district council, which was the largest in County Tyrone, had a population of 51,356. Omagh contains the headquarters of the Western Education and Library Board, and also houses offices for the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs at Sperrin House, the Department for Infrastructure and the Northern Ireland Roads Service at the Tyrone County Hall and the Northern Ireland Land & Property Services at Boaz House.
Domestic responses to the Euromaidan
Below are the domestic responses to the Euromaidan. Euromaidan was a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine that began on the night of 21 November 2013 after the Ukrainian government suspended preparations for signing an Association Agreement and Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement with the European Union.

Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Міністерство внутрішніх справ України, romanized: Ministerstvo vnutrishnikh sprav Ukrainy; pronounced [min⁽ʲ⁾iˈstɛrstwo ˈu̯nut⁽ʲ⁾r⁽ʲ⁾iʃn⁽ʲ⁾ix ˈsprɑu̯ ʊkrɐˈjinɪ]; MVS) is the ministry of the Ukrainian government that oversees the interior affairs of Ukraine.
Kusal Mendis
Balapuwaduge Kusal Gimhan Mendis (born 2 February 1995) is a professional Sri Lankan cricketer who plays in all forms of the game and a former ODI captain of the national team. He only played sixteen first-class matches before playing for the national team. In November 2017, he was named the One Day International (ODI) batsman of the year for the 2016–17 season at Sri Lanka Cricket's annual awards.

Bio-secure bubble
A bio-secure bubble, also known as a bubble, or hub city, is a hosting arrangement for sporting events, under which events were held at a centralized site, often behind closed doors, with strict quarantine and safety protocols in order to prevent the spread of illness. A bubble was established for a single sports season, tournament, or for an ongoing series of events, allowing them to still be held and made available to broadcast audiences.
Uncle Tom (film)
Uncle Tom: An Oral History of the American Black Conservative is a 2020 American political documentary film directed by Justin Malone, written by Ryder Ansell, Larry Elder, Justin Malone, with Elder as executive producer, and starring Chad O. Jackson. The documentary features interviews with people such as Robert Woodson, Stephen Broden, Jesse Lee Peterson, Herman Cain, Carol M. Swain, Allen West and Candace Owens, as well as archive footage of Ben Carson, Shelby Steele, and Thomas Sowell. Elder, who helped write the film, hoped it would promote conservative views in the 2020 presidential election.

Stephen Broden
Stephen Edward Broden (born April 11, 1952) is an American businessman, pastor, political activist, broadcaster, and former professor from the state of Texas. In 2010, he was the Republican nominee for Texas's 30th congressional district for the United States House of Representatives. He was defeated by Democratic incumbent Eddie Bernice Johnson. He was the Constitution Party's candidate for vice president in the 2024 United States presidential election.
Honyman baronets
The Honyman Baronetcy, of Armadale in the County of Orkney, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 19 May 1804 for William Honyman, a Lord of Session under the judicial title Lord Armadale. The second Baronet sat as Member of Parliament for Orkney. The fourth Baronet was a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas. The title became extinct on the death of the fifth Baronet in 1911.

Robert Honyman, younger brother of the first Baronet, was MP for Orkney from 1796 to 1807.

Robert Honyman (Royal Navy officer)
Admiral Robert Honyman (c. 1765 – 31 July 1848) was a Scottish admiral in the British Royal Navy who served in the French Revolutionary Wars and in the Napoleonic Wars. A native of Orkney, he also held office for ten years as a member of parliament (MP) for Orkney and Shetland.
Chlorophylle
Chlorophylle is a Belgian comics series and Raymond Macherot's best known work, alongside Sibylline. It is a fantasy comic about anthropomorphic forest animals, including the title character Chlorophylle, who is a dormouse.

Fantasy comics
Fantasy comics have been around as long as comics. The classification "fantasy comics" broadly encompasses illustrated books set in an other-worldly universe or involving elements or actors outside our reality. Fantasy has been a mainstay of fiction for centuries, but burgeoned in the late 1930s and early 1940s, spurred by authors such as C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien. They inspired comic book producers. Fantasy-themed books—driven by superhero comics gaining popularity through the 1960s—grew to dominate the field. In the 1990s, authors such as Neil Gaiman helped expand the genre with his critically acclaimed Sandman series.
Yenisey Governorate
Yeniseysk Governorate (Russian: Енисе́йская губе́рния, romanized: Yeniseyskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, the Russian Republic, and the Russian SFSR in 1822–1925.

Uezd
An uezd (also spelled uyezd or uiezd; Russian: уе́зд (pre-1918: уѣздъ), IPA: [ʊˈjest]), or povit in a Ukrainian context (Ukrainian: повіт), was a type of administrative subdivision of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, the Russian SFSR, and the early Soviet Union, which was in use from the 13th century. For most of Russian history, uezds were a second-level administrative division. By sense, but not by etymology, uezd approximately corresponds to the English "county".
11th LG Cup
The 11th LG Cup professional Go tournament was held in 2006 and 2007 and was won by Zhou Junxun.  It featured:

13 players from  South Korea - Cho Han-seung, Cho Hun-hyun, Choi Cheol-han, Choi Myung-hoon, Hong Min-pyo, Jin Siyoung, Kim Dong-hee, Ko Geuntae, Lee Chang-ho, Lee Se-dol, Park Seung-hyun, Park Yeong-hun, Yun Jun-sang

11 players from  People's Republic of China - Chang Hao, Chen Yaoye, Ding Wei, Gu Li, Hu Yaoyu, Huang Yizhong, Wang Lei, Wang Xi, Xie He, Yu Bin, Zhou Heyang

6 players from  Japan - Cho Chikun, Ko Iso, Kono Rin, So Yokoku, Takao Shinji, Yamashita Keigo

2 players from  Taiwan - Lin Zhihan, Zhou Junxun

Two of the 30 players were given automatic berths: Gu Li, who won the 10th LG Cup, and runner up for the 10th LG Cup, Chen Yaoye.

10th LG Cup
The 10th LG Cup featured :

13 players from China - Chang Hao, Chen Yaoye, Gu Li, Kong Jie, Liu Shizhen, Liu Xing, Luo Xihe, Piao Wenyao, Qiu Jun, Wang Xi, Wang Yuhui, Yu Bin, Zhou Heyang

10 players from South Korea - Choi Cheol-han, Choi Myung-Hoon, Kim Gi-yeong, Kim Seong-ryong, Lee Chang-ho, Lee Sedol, Park Byeong-gyu, Park Jungsang, Park Young-Hoon, Yun Hyunsuk

6 players from Japan - Cho U, Hane Naoki, Kobayashi Koichi, O Rissei, So Yokoku, Yamashita Keigo

1 player from Taiwan - Zhou Junxun

1 player from North America - Huiren Yang

1 player from Europe - Alexandre Dinerchtein

Two of the 32 players were given automatic berths, Cho U, who won the 9th LG Cup, was placed at the top of the table. The runner up for the 9th LG Cup, Yu Bin, was placed at the bottom.