hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SS California (1907)
SS California was a twin-screw steamer that D. and W. Henderson and Company of Glasgow built for the Anchor Line in 1907 as a replacement for the aging ocean liner Astoria, which had been in continuous service since 1884. She worked the Glasgow to New York transatlantic route and was sunk by the German submarine SM U-85 on 7 February 1917.

Marconi Company
The Marconi Company was a British telecommunications and engineering company founded by Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi in 1897 which was a pioneer of wireless long distance communication and mass media broadcasting, eventually becoming one of the UK's most successful manufacturing companies.

Its roots were in the Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company, which underwent several changes in name after mergers and acquisitions. In 1999, its defence equipment manufacturing division, Marconi Electronic Systems, merged with British Aerospace (BAe) to form BAE Systems. In 2006, financial difficulties led to the collapse of the remaining company, with the bulk of the business acquired by the Swedish telecommunications company Ericsson.
1974 Midlands International
The 1974 Midlands International, also known as the Omaha International, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the City Auditorium in Omaha, Nebraska in the United States that was part of the 1974 USLTA Indoor Circuit. It was the sixth and last edition of the event and was held from January 22 through January 27, 1974. Third-seeded Karl Meiler won the singles title and earned $4,000 first-prize money.

1974 USLTA Indoor Circuit
The 1974 USLTA Indoor Circuit , also known by its sponsored name Schick Tennis Classic, was a professional tennis circuit held in the United States from January until April that year. It consisted of 13 tournaments and was organized by Bill Riordan and sanctioned by the United States Lawn Tennis Association (USLTA). The circuit offered total prize money of over $400,000 including a bonus pool of $100,000 available for the top eight players who participated in at least six tournaments.
Tessmanniacanthus
Tessmanniacanthus is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Acanthaceae. It only contains one known species, Tessmanniacanthus chlamydocardioides Mildbr.

It is native to Peru.

The genus name of Tessmanniacanthus is partly in honour of Günther Tessmann (1884–1969), a German-Brazilian ethnologist and botanist. He was also an African explorer and plant collector, who later settled in Brazil. The second part of the name refers to Acanthus.
The Latin specific epithet of chlamydocardioides refers to the resemblance of its inflorescence bracts to those of Chlamydocardia buettneri.

Both the species and the genus were first described and published in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem Vol.9 on page 987 in 1926.

Acanthaceae
Acanthaceae (/ækænˈθeɪsiːˌaɪ, -siˌi/) is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. Representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.
Domestic violence in Chile
Domestic violence in Chile (locally referred to as violencia intrafamiliar) is a prevalent problem as of 2004. Domestic violence describes violence by an intimate partner or other family members, regardless of the place the violence occurs.

Women in Chile
The lives, roles, and rights of women in Chile have gone through many changes over time. Chilean women's societal roles have historically been impacted by traditional gender roles and a patriarchal culture, but throughout the twentieth century, women increasingly involved themselves in politics and protest, resulting in provisions to the constitution to uphold equality between men and women and prohibit sex discrimination.

Women's educational attainment, workforce participation, and rights have improved, especially since Chile became a democracy again in 1990. Chile legalized divorce in 2004 and is also one of the few countries to have elected a female president.  However, Chilean women still face many economic and political challenges, including income disparity, high rates of domestic violence, and lingering patriarchal gender roles.
Old Irish grammar
This article describes the grammar of the Old Irish language. The grammar of the language has been described with exhaustive detail by various authors, including Thurneysen, Binchy and Bergin, McCone, O'Connell, Stifter, among many others.

Grammatical gender
In linguistics, a grammatical gender system is a specific form of a noun class system, where nouns are assigned to gender categories that are often not related to the real-world qualities of the entities denoted by those nouns. In languages with grammatical gender, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called gender. The values present in a given language, of which there are usually two or three, are called the genders of that language. Determiners, adjectives, and pronouns also change their form depending on the noun to which they refer.

According to one estimate, gender is used in approximately half of the world's languages.
Sędziszów Małopolski
Sędziszów Małopolski [sɛɲˈd͡ʑiʂuf mawɔˈpɔlskʲi] is a town in Ropczyce-Sędziszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, with a population of 12,226 (1 January 2019). Sędziszów is located in eastern Lesser Poland, near the historic boundary between Lesser Poland and Czerwień Cities/Red Ruthenia.

Blizna V-2 missile launch site
The Blizna V-2 missile launch site was the site of a World War II German V-2 missile firing range. Today there is a small museum located in the Park Historyczny Blizna (Historical Park) in Blizna, Poland. After the RAF strategic bombing of the V-2 rocket launch site in Peenemünde, Germany, in August 1943, some of the test and launch facilities were relocated to Blizna in November 1943. The first of 139 V-2 launches was carried out from the Blizna launch site on 5 November 1943.
1998 California League season
The 1998 California League was a Class A-Advanced baseball season played between April 2 and August 30. Ten teams played a 140-game schedule, as three teams from each division qualified for the post-season, the winner of each half of the season plus playoff qualifiers.

The San Jose Giants won the California League championship, as they defeated the Rancho Cucamonga Quakes in the final round of the playoffs.

Rancho Cucamonga Quakes
The Rancho Cucamonga Quakes are a Minor League Baseball team of the California League and the Single-A affiliate of the Los Angeles Angels. They are located in Rancho Cucamonga, California, and play their home games at LoanMart Field.

The franchise was founded in Lodi, California, in 1966 as members of the California League, with its home ballpark as Tony Zupo Field. The team then went through several new names and ownership changes before arriving in Rancho Cucamonga in 1993. In the 2021 reorganization of the minor leagues, the California League disbanded and was replaced by the Low-A-West, but this was renamed the California League in 2022.

The Quakes have three California League championships (1994, 2015, and 2018).
Basit
Basīṭ (Arabic: بسيط) or al-basīṭ (البسيط), is a metre used in classical Arabic poetry. The word literally means "extended" or "spread out" in Arabic. Along with the ṭawīl, kāmil, and wāfir, it is one of the four most common metres used in pre-Islamic and classical Arabic poetry.

Metre (poetry)
In poetry, metre (Commonwealth spelling) or meter (American spelling; see spelling differences) is the basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines in verse.  Many traditional verse forms prescribe a specific verse metre, or a certain set of metres alternating in a particular order. The study and the actual use of metres and forms of versification are both known as prosody. (Within linguistics, "prosody" is used in a more general sense that includes not only poetic metre but also the rhythmic aspects of prose, whether formal or informal, that vary from language to language, and sometimes between poetic traditions.)
Hafız Ahmed Pasha
Hafiz Ahmed Pasha (1564, Plovdiv, Ottoman Empire – 10 February 1632, Istanbul), also known by epithet Muezzinzade ("muezzin's son"), was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier twice.

He was born as the son of a Pomak muezzin. He went to Istanbul at the age of 15. He was an employee in the sultan's palace for many years. From 1609 on, he became Governor of Damascus (Damascus), Van (Turkey), Erzurum (Turkey), Baghdad (Ottoman Iraq), and other Anatolian eyalets. He married Ayşe Sultan, a daughter of Ahmed I and Kösem Sultan, on 13 March 1626. With her, he had two sons, Sultanzade Mustafa Bey and Sultanzade Fülan Bey. He was killed in office during a revolt on 10 February 1632, when the Janissaries attempted to overthrow Sultan Murad IV.

Ahmed I
Ahmed I (Ottoman Turkish: احمد اول Aḥmed-i evvel; Turkish: I. Ahmed; 18 April 1590 – 22 November 1617) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 to 1617. Ahmed's reign is noteworthy for marking the first breach in the Ottoman tradition of royal fratricide; henceforth, Ottoman rulers would no longer systematically execute their brothers upon accession to the throne. He is also well known for his construction of the Blue Mosque, one of the most famous mosques in Turkey.
2016 Team Speedway Junior European Championship
The 2016 Team Speedway Junior European Championship was the ninth Team Speedway Junior European Championship season. It was organised by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme and was the fifth as an under 21 years of age event.

The final took place on 28 August 2016 in Stralsund, Germany. The defending champions Poland won the final once again to record their fifth consecutive title.

European Under-23 Team Speedway Championship
The European Under-23 Team Speedway Championship, formerly known as the Team Speedway Junior European Championship is an annual motorcycle speedway event.  Inaugurated as a European Under-19 competition, the competition age limits have twice been amended.  Since 2021, the event has been staged as the European Under-23 Team Championship.

The inaugural 2008 edition was staged at the Florian Kapała Stadium in Rawicz, Poland, and won by the Swedish team. The next two editions were won by the Poland national under-19 speedway team.

The event is organised by FIM Europe, formerly known as the European Motorcycle Union (UEM) from 2008 until December 2012.
Hayu Kinoshita
Hayu Kinoshita (木下 晴結, Kinoshita Hayu; born 27 October 2006) is a Japanese tennis player.

Kinoshita and her partner Wakana Sonobe received a wild card for the main draw of the WTA 250 2025 Japan Women's Open doubles, they were defeated by compatriots Natsumi Kawaguchi and Sara Saito in the first round.

Wakana Sonobe
Wakana Sonobe (園部八奏, Sonobe Wanaka, born 17 January 2008) is a Japanese professional tennis player. She won the girls' singles at the 2025 Australian Open and reached the final of the girls' singles at the 2024 US Open.
Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's triple jump
The men's triple jump was one of six jumping events on the Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme in London. The competition was held on 25 July 1908. Twenty athletes from eight nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes. The event was won by Tim Ahearne of Great Britain, breaking a streak of three American victories in the triple jump. All three medal-winning nations were on the podium for the first time.

Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics
At the 1908 Summer Olympics held in London, England, 26 athletics events were contested, all for men only. A total of 79 medals (27 gold, 27 silver, 25 bronze) were awarded.

Each nation was allowed to enter up to 12 competitors in most of the events.  In the team races (the medley relay and the 3 mile team race), each nation entered one team.  The medley relay was run by four athletes, with four alternates allowed.  In the 3 mile team race, five athletes from each nation ran with only three counting.

The competition was restricted to amateurs, and was held under the rules of the British Amateur Athletic Association.
1994 World Snooker Championship
The 1994 World Snooker Championship (also referred to as the 1994 Embassy World Snooker Championship) was a professional ranking snooker tournament that took place between 16 April and 2 May 1994 at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England.

Stephen Hendry won his fourth world title by defeating Jimmy White 18–17 in the final.  The tournament was sponsored by cigarette manufacturer Embassy.

Crucible Theatre
The Crucible Theatre, or simply The Crucible, is a theatre in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England, which opened in 1971. Its name refers to crucible steel, which was developed in Sheffield in 1740 and drove the industrialisation of the city.

In addition to regular theatrical performances, the theatre also serves as a sports venue, having hosted the World Snooker Championship annually since 1977. The Guardian newspaper has called the Crucible the "spiritual home of snooker". The World Women's Snooker Championship and the World Seniors Championship have also been staged at the venue.

In May 2022, proposed plans were unveiled to build a new 3,000-seat venue nearby with a bridge connecting the two buildings.
Chhechu
Chhechu is a ceremony of the Tamang communities in Nepal that takes place over the course of ten days.  It contains sportive plays (tsema), exorcisms, and rituals. Chhechu takes place northwest of Kathmandu Valley of Nepal. There are eleven tsema performed, and three exorcisms.

Exorcism
Exorcism (from Ancient Greek  ἐξορκισμός (exorkismós) 'binding by oath') is the religious or spiritual practice of evicting demons, jinns, or other malevolent spiritual entities from a person, or an area, that is believed to be possessed. Depending on the spiritual beliefs of the exorcist, this may be done by causing the entity to swear an oath, performing an elaborate ritual, or simply by commanding it to depart in the name of a higher power. The practice is ancient and part of the belief system of many cultures and religions.
Pisquioc
Pisquioc (possibly from Aymara p'isqi white quinoa, Quechua p'isqi a stew or purée of quinoa, -yuq a suffix, "the one with white quinoa")  is a mountain in the Vilcanota mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 m (16,000 ft) high. It is located in the Cusco Region, Quispicanchi Province, Marcapata District, south of Aquichua.

Cordillera Vilcanota
The Cordillera Vilcanota (Spanish cordillera: "mountain range", Aymara: willkan uta "house of the sun") is a mountain range located in Peru southeast of Cusco, on the boundary between the regions of Cusco and Puno. It extends between 13°39' and 14°29'S and 70°31' and 71°20'W for about 80 km. It includes 469 glaciers.

To the east the rivers San Gabán and Azángaro are the natural boundary which separates it from the Carabaya range. The La Raya range near the La Raya pass is sometimes included or listed separately.
Rusticyanin
Rusticyanin (RCN) is a copper protein with a type I copper center that plays an integral role in electron transfer. It can be extracted from the periplasm of the gram-negative bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (T. ferrooxidans), also known as Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (At. ferrooxidans). Rusticyanin is also found in the membrane-bound form in the surface of T. ferrooxidans. It is a part of an electron transfer chain for Fe(II) oxidation.

Copper protein
Copper proteins are proteins that contain one or more copper ions as prosthetic groups.  Copper proteins are found in all forms of air-breathing life.  These proteins are usually associated with electron-transfer with or without the involvement of oxygen (O2).  Some organisms even use copper proteins to carry oxygen instead of iron proteins.  A prominent copper protein in humans is cytochrome c oxidase (cco).  This enzyme cco mediates the controlled combustion that produces ATP.  Other copper proteins include some superoxide dismutases used in defense against free radicals, peptidyl-α-monooxygenase for the production of hormones, and tyrosinase, which affects skin pigmentation.
2002 E3 Prijs Vlaanderen
The 2002 E3 Prijs Vlaanderen was the 45th edition of the E3 Prijs Vlaanderen cycle race and was held on 30 March 2002. The race started and finished in Harelbeke. The race was won by Dario Pieri of the Alessio team.

E3 Saxo Bank Classic
E3 Saxo Bank Classic, previously known as E3 BinckBank Classic, E3 Harelbeke, Harelbeke–Antwerp–Harelbeke and E3-Prijs Vlaanderen, is an annual road cycling race in Flanders, Belgium. The race starts and finishes in Harelbeke mainly in the Flemish Ardennes.

First raced in 1958, it is one of the more recently founded one-day classics, but has developed into a prestigious and desirable event. It is on the UCI World Tour calendar, as part of a series of cobbled classics in Belgium and Northern France in March and April.

Belgian Tom Boonen holds the record for number of victories with five wins, trailed by cycling icon Rik Van Looy who won four times.
2002 Down Senior Hurling Championship
The 2002 Down Senior Hurling Championship was the 94th staging of the Down Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Down County Board in 1903.

Portaferry entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 29 September 2002 at Páirc Tomás Ruiséil in Downpatrick, between Portaferry and Ballygalget, in what was their first meeting in the final in two years. Portaferry won the match by 0–14 to 3–04 to claim their 17th championship title overall and a third consecutive title.

Down Senior Hurling Championship
The Down Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Morgan Fuels Down GAA Senior Hurling Championship and abbreviated to the Down SHC) is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Down GAA clubs. The Down County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1903. Ballycran won the 2021 championship defeating Portaferry in the Final after extra time.

Portaferry are the title holders, defeating Ballycran by 0-20 to 0-16 in the 2023 final.
2022 Championship League (invitational)
The 2022 Championship League Invitational (officially the 2022 BetVictor Championship League Snooker Invitational) was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place from 20 December 2021 to 4 February 2022 at the Morningside Arena in Leicester, England. It was the 18th staging of the Championship League.

Kyren Wilson was the defending champion, having beaten Mark Williams 3–2 in the final of the previous invitational edition of the tournament. His defence of the title ended in the Group 7 semi-finals, where he was beaten 3–1 by John Higgins.

John Higgins went on to win the tournament for the third time, beating Stuart Bingham 3–2 in the final.

2021 Championship League (invitational)
The 2021 Championship League Invitational was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament, that took place from 4 January to 2 April 2021 in the Ballroom, Stadium MK in Milton Keynes, England. It is the 16th staging of the tournament.

On the first day of the tournament Stuart Bingham made the eighth career maximum break. He accomplished the feat in the second frame of his Group 1 win over Thepchaiya Un-Nooh.

Kyren Wilson was the defending champion, having defeated Judd Trump 3–1 in the final of the ranking edition of the tournament.

Wilson successfully defended the title, coming from 0–2 down in his last Winners group game, the semi-final and the final to win all three matches 3–2. He defeated Mark Williams 3–2 in the final to win the tournament.
Mount Denham
Mount Denham (66°55′S 52°19′E﻿ / ﻿66.917°S 52.317°E﻿ / -66.917; 52.317) is a mountain 1 nautical mile (2 km) northwest of Mount Keyser, in the eastern part of the Tula Mountains in Enderby Land. It was plotted from air photos taken from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1957, and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for W.M. Denham, a weather observer at Mawson Station in 1961.

Mount Keyser
Mount Keyser (66°56′S 52°23′E﻿ / ﻿66.933°S 52.383°E﻿ / -66.933; 52.383) is a mountain 3 nautical miles (6 km) east of Mount Ryder, in the eastern part of the Tula Mountains in Enderby Land, Antarctica. It was plotted from air photos taken from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1957, and was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for D.O. Keyser, a radio officer at Mawson Station in 1961.
Starch phosphorylase
Starch phosphorylase is a form of phosphorylase similar to glycogen phosphorylase, except that it acts upon starch instead of glycogen.

The plant alpha-glucan phosphorylase, commonly called starch phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.1), is largely known for the phosphorolytic degradation of starch. Starch phosphorylase catalyzes the reversible transfer of glucosyl units from glucose-1-phosphate to the nonreducing end of alpha-1,4-D-glucan chains with the release of phosphate. Two distinct forms of starch phosphorylase, plastidic phosphorylase and cytosolic phosphorylase, have been consistently observed in higher plants.

Glycogen phosphorylase
Glycogen phosphorylase is one of the phosphorylase enzymes (EC 2.4.1.1). Glycogen phosphorylase catalyzes the rate-limiting step in glycogenolysis in animals by releasing glucose-1-phosphate from the terminal alpha-1,4-glycosidic bond. Glycogen phosphorylase is also studied as a model protein regulated by both reversible phosphorylation and allosteric effects.
Nitrotyrosine
Nitrotyrosine is a product of tyrosine nitration mediated by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite anion and nitrogen dioxide.   The phenol group in nitrotyrosine is 1000x more acidic than in tyrosine.

Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

The one-letter symbol Y was assigned to tyrosine for being alphabetically nearest of those letters available. Note that T was assigned to the structurally simpler threonine, U was avoided for its similarity with V for valine, W was assigned to tryptophan, while X was reserved for undetermined or atypical amino acids. The mnemonic tYrosine was also proposed.