hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brunswick–Derneburg railway
The Brunswick–Derneburg railway (German: Bahnstrecke Braunschweig–Derneburg) was the original line of the Brunswick State Railway Company (Braunschweigische Landes-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, BLE). In the late 19th century it opened up the then rural area of the area now called Salzgitter in the German state of Lower Saxony.

In the course of industrialisation, the lines were repeatedly rebuilt and realigned and the current lines emerged in the mid-20th century:

the Brunswick–Salzgitter-Lebenstedt railway and

the Brunswick–Salzgitter Bad railway.

Salzgitter AG
Salzgitter AG  is a German company, one of the largest steel producers in Europe with an annual output of around seven million tonnes.

With over 100 subsidiaries and associated companies, the Group is structured in four business units – Steel Production, Steel Processing, Trading and Technology – under the umbrella of a management holding company.
The Color Kittens
Children's literature portal

The Color Kittens is a children's book by Margaret Wise Brown, illustrated by Alice and Martin Provensen, and published, as part of the Little Golden Books series, in 1949.

Western Publishing
Western Publishing, also known as Western Printing and Lithographing Company, was an American company founded in 1907 in Racine, Wisconsin, best known for publishing the Little Golden Books. Its Golden Books Family Entertainment division also produced children's books and family-related entertainment products. The company had editorial offices in New York City and Los Angeles, California. Western Publishing became Golden Books Family Entertainment in 1996.

Golden Books Family Entertainment was eventually acquired jointly by Classic Media, owner of the catalog of United Productions of America (UPA), and book publisher Random House in a bankruptcy auction in 2001. Little Golden Books remains as an imprint of Penguin Random House. Golden Guides and Golden Field Guides are published by St. Martin's Press.
Anti-fog
Anti-fog agents, also known as anti-fogging agents and treatments, are chemicals that prevent the condensation of water in the form of small droplets on a surface which resemble fog. They are one of many additives used in the production of plastics.

Silicone
A silicone or polysiloxane is a polymer composed of repeating units of siloxane (−O−SiR2−O−SiR2−, where "R" stands for an organic group).  They are typically colorless oils or rubber-like substances.  Silicones are used in sealants, adhesives, lubricants, medicine, cooking utensils, thermal insulation, and electrical insulation. Some common forms include silicone oil, grease, rubber, resin, and caulk.  From the chemical perspective, silicones are unusual because they feature inorganic backbones, composed only of Si and O, but they have properties of organic polymers. They represent one of the main applications of organosilicon chemistry.

Silicone is often confused with one of its constituent elements, silicon.  Silicon, a hard gray solid, is  used to make integrated circuits ("electronic chips") and solar cells. In contrast, silicones, which tend to be electrical insulators, are often colorless oils or rubbery resin.
Chico State Wildcats
The Chico State Wildcats (also CSU Chico Wildcats and Cal State Chico Wildcats) are the athletic teams that represent California State University, Chico, located in Chico, California, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Wildcats compete as an associate member of the California Collegiate Athletic Association for all 13 varsity sports. Since 1998, Chico State’s athletic teams have won 99 NCAA Championship berths, 40 CCAA titles, 24 West Region titles and 15 National titles. The school finished third in the 2004–2005 NACDA Director's Cup.

NCAA Division II baseball tournament
The NCAA Division II baseball tournament (formerly the NCAA College Division baseball tournament) is an annual college baseball tournament held at the culmination of the spring regular season and which determines the NCAA Division II college baseball champion.

The initial rounds of the tournament are held on campus sites, and, since 2009, the NCAA Division II Baseball National Finals have been held at the USA Baseball National Training Complex in Cary, North Carolina with the complex earning the bid to host through at least the 2026 championship. University of Mount Olive and Town of Cary are co-hosts of the National Finals.

Tampa has been the most successful program, with ten titles, including seven since 2006. Florida Southern is the second best with nine.
BookWalker
BookWalker (ブックウォーカー), stylized as Book☆Walker and BOOK☆WALKER, is a Japanese e-book store that sells manga, light novels, and magazines from various publishers, as well as a few published by themselves. It is based in Chiyoda, Tokyo and was created by Kadokawa Corporation. The company was founded in 2005 before launching their store in Japan in 2010 and internationally in 2014, in which year a webtoon-focused mobile application counterpart, ComicWalker, was also launched.

Yen Press
Yen Press is an American manga, graphic novel and light novel publisher co-owned by Kadokawa Corporation and Hachette Book Group. It published Yen Plus, a monthly comic anthology, between 2008 and 2013. In addition to translated material, Yen Press has published original series, most notably Svetlana Chmakova's Nightschool and a manga adaptation of James Patterson's Maximum Ride.
Eve Sandler
Eve Sandler is an American painter, filmmaker, and multi-media artist in the style of Abstract Expressionism. Sandler, born in Harlem, is the daughter of Harlem-based painter Alvin Sandler and sister of filmmaker Kathe Sandler.

Sandler began her professional career at the age of seventeen, first working with jewelry and metals before turning to relief painting in the 1990s.

Sandler's multimedia installation "Mami Wata Crossing" was part of the 2008 exhibition, "Mami Wata: Arts for Water Spirits in Africa and Its Diasporas" at the Fowler Museum. The work examined connections between the pan-African water goddess Mami Wata, genealogy and the middle passage.

Sandler was a part of the Black Women Artists group, along with Carole Byard, Nanette Carter and Howardena Pindell. Sandler was a 1990-1991 resident at the Studio Museum in Harlem. Her work has been exhibited in institutions such as The Bronx Museum of the Arts.

Carole Byard
Carole Marie Byard (July 22, 1941 – January 11, 2017) was an American visual artist, illustrator, and photographer. She was an award-winning illustrator of children's books, and the recipient of a Caldecott Honor, as well as multiple Coretta Scott King Awards.
Julie Hall (golfer)
Julie Pauline Hall (née Wade, later Otto, born 10 March 1967) is an English golfer. She won the Ladies' British Open Amateur Championship twice, in 1990 and 1995, and the English Women's Amateur Championship three times. She played in five Curtis Cup matches from 1988 to 1996. She turned professional in 2011 to follow a career in golf tuition.

Spanish International Ladies Amateur Championship
The Spanish International Ladies Amateur Championship (Copa S.M. la Reina) is an annual amateur golf tournament in Spain for women.

It is an "A" rated tournament in the World Amateur Golf Ranking and a qualifying event for the European teams in the Junior Ryder Cup and Junior Solheim Cup.

The tournament begins with 36 holes of stroke play, were the best placed players qualify for a following match play competition. In 2020, the 32 best players qualified for the match-play.

Every year the tournament has taken place, the Spanish International Amateur Championship for men has also been played, until 1985 on the same course as the ladies' tournament.
Morsoravis
Morsoravis is an extinct genus of neoavian bird from the Early Eocene Fur Formation of Denmark. It contains a single named species, Morsoravis sedilis. Fossils of Morsoravis have also been found in the Green River Formation of Wyoming and possibly the Nanjemoy Formation of Virginia.

Pumiliornis
Pumiliornis tessellatus is an ancient bird from the Middle Eocene of Messel, Hesse, Germany. It is described as a wren-sized anisodactyl bird with a long, slender bill and strong hallux. Its species name tessellatus, meaning "mosaic" in Latin, is a reference to its unusual distribution of characters and uncertain phylogenetic placement. It has some anatomical affinities with Cuculiformes, but similar fossils that might be related to this taxon do not.

In 2014, a new specimen of Pumiliornis was described that showed preserved stomach contents of pollen grains from a eudicotyledonous angiosperm, making it the earliest fossil evidence of flower-visiting behavior in birds.
New Order of Cincinnatus
The New Order of Cincinnatus (NOOC) was a young men's political organization established in Seattle, Washington in the 1930s. The short-lived "conservative and moralistic reform group" was a municipal party that challenged both the Democratic and Republican parties, electing David Lockwood (in 1934) and Frederick G. Hamley, a lawyer, public official and judge, and Arthur B. Langlie (in 1935) to the Seattle City Council. Lockwood, age 26 at the time of his election, was the youngest person ever to sit on the council. In 1938, Langlie became Seattle mayor, but by then the NOOC was fading. During its brief existence, the group spread beyond Seattle, and was active in Tacoma, Washington, Portland, Oregon, and San Francisco.

Seattle City Council
The Seattle City Council is the legislative body of the city of Seattle, Washington. The Council consists of nine members serving four-year terms, seven of which are elected by electoral districts and two of which are elected in citywide at-large positions; all elections are non-partisan. It has the responsibility of approving the city's budget, and passes all legislation related to the city's police, firefighting, parks, libraries, and electricity, water supply, solid waste, and drainage utilities.
The mayor of Seattle is not part of the council.
Gampaha
Gampaha (Sinhala: ගම්පහ [ˈɡamːpaha]; Tamil: கம்பஹா [kambahaː]) is an urban city in Gampaha District, Western Province, Sri Lanka. It is situated to the north-east of the capital Colombo. It is the sixth largest urban area in Western Province, after Colombo, Negombo, Kalutara, Panadura and Avissawella. Gampaha is also the second largest municipal centre in Gampaha district, after Negombo.

Avissawella
Avissawella (Sinhala: අවිස්සාවේල්ල, Tamil: அவிசாவளை) is a township in Sri Lanka, governed by an Urban Council, situated on the A4 route from Colombo to Ratnapura, Colombo District, Western Province, Sri Lanka, approximately 40 km air distance and 48.1 km road distance from east of capital Colombo. It is also known as Sitawakapura, the Old Capital of the Sitawaka Kingdom. It is also known as Jokanthapura Jokantha’s hometown town
Sysenvatnet
Sysenvatnet (English: Lake Sysen) is a lake in Eidfjord Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 10.24-square-kilometre (3.95 sq mi) lake lies at the north end of the Sysendalen valley, about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) east of the famous Vøringsfossen waterfall. The lake is dammed on the south end by a large stone embankment, which is used as the main reservoir for the Sima Hydroelectric Power Station. The Sysen Dam can be seen from Norwegian National Road 7, which runs near the lake's southern shore.

Vøringsfossen
Vøringsfossen or Vøringen (English: Vøring Falls) is the 83rd highest waterfall in Norway on the basis of total fall. It lies at the top of the Måbødalen valley in Eidfjord Municipality in Vestland county. It is located near Norwegian National Road 7, which connects Oslo with Bergen. It has a total drop of 182 metres (597 ft), and a major drop of 163 metres (535 ft). It is perhaps the most famous waterfall in the country and a major tourist attraction on the road down from the Hardangervidda plateau to Hardangerfjord.

There are several warning signs in regard to the dangers of falling to one's death. Other measures for preventing deaths were planned for implementation in the spring of 2015, and a stairway bridge opened in 2020.
Nick Jr. (Southeast Asia)
Nick Jr. is an Asian pay television channel aimed at younger children, operated by Paramount Networks EMEAA and owned by based on the also known as a U.S. channel. on Paramount International Networks.

On 20 December 2010, Nick Jr. was launched in New Zealand, 18 May 2011 in Singapore, 1 June 2011 in Malaysia, February 2012 in Thailand, and 1 November 2013 in Hong Kong.

Nick Jr.
Nick Jr. or Nick, Jr., sometimes disambiguated as Nick Jr. on Nickelodeon or Nick Jr. on Nick, is a morning preschool programming block that airs on Nickelodeon every weekday. Launched on January 4, 1988, Nick Jr. features programming aimed at children aged 2 to 8.

On September 28, 2009, Nickelodeon launched a separate channel named after the Nick Jr. block as a replacement for the Noggin cable channel, which was known occasionally on air as the "Nick Jr. Channel" until 2023 for differentiation purposes.
2022 Pan Jiu-Jitsu Championship
The 2022 Pan Jiu-Jitsu Championship was an international jiu-jitsu event, organised by the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation (IBJFF), held at the Silver Spurs Arena in Kissimmee, Florida, from 6-10 April 2022.

Pan IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu Championship
The Pan Jiu-Jitsu Championship or Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Pan American Championship (commonly known as Pan Ams or Pans), is the largest Brazilian jiu-jitsu tournament held in the Americas. The event is held annually by the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation.
Farfallino alphabet
The farfallino alphabet (in Italian: alfabeto farfallino) is a language game used primarily in Italy, which can be regarded as an elementary form of substitution cipher. It is usually used by children for amusement or to converse in (perceived) privacy from adults. The name "farfallino" comes from the word "farfalla" (butterfly), which is an ordinary Italian word but sounds like the "codified" words in farfallino alphabet. The farfallino alphabet is similar to games found in other languages such as jeringonza (Spanish/Portuguese), langue de feu (French), Fay Kee Bolee (Urdu) and pig latin (English).

Language game
A language game (also called a cant, secret language, ludling, or argot) is a system of manipulating spoken words to render them incomprehensible to an untrained listener. Language games are used primarily by groups attempting to conceal their conversations from others. Some common examples are Pig Latin; the Gibberish family, prevalent in the United States and Sweden; and Verlan, spoken in France.

A common difficulty with language games is that they are usually passed down orally; while written translations can be made, they are often imperfect, thus spelling can vary widely.
Some factions argue that words in these spoken tongues should simply be written the way they are pronounced, while others insist that the purity of language demands that the transformation remain visible when the words are imparted to paper.
Radio and telecommunication in Berlin
There are several broadcasting facilities in Berlin, more than in other comparable cities. This is because Berlin was a divided city from 1961 to 1989 and because the Allies built their own broadcasting facilities in each sector. Further there was the necessity for a directional radio service to West Berlin.

Fernsehturm (TV, FM, directional radio)

Richtfunkstelle Berlin-Frohnau (directional radio, not used for broadcasting)

Fernmeldeturm Berlin (Berlin Telephone Tower, FM, TV, directional radio)

Radio mast Berlin-Olympiastadium (FM, mobile phone services)

Transmitter Berlin-Britz (AM, FM)

Funkturm Berlin (mobile phone services, not used for broadcasting)

Radio mast Berlin-Scholzplatz (FM, TV, mobile phone services)

Transmitter Berlin-Alley of Stallupone (AM, shut down)

Berlin-Müggelberge TV Tower (directional radio services)

Transmitter Stallupöner Allee, Berlin
The Transmitter Stallupöner Allee, Berlin is a transmission site for medium wave 
radio broadcasts situated on the Stallupöner Allee ("Stallupone Avenue") in Berlin-Charlottenburg, Germany. This transmission site was established in 1948. It uses as aerial a 130-metre-high guyed steel framework mast with triangular section, which is insulated against ground. Until 1998 there was a second insulated guyed steel framework mast on the site. It was replaced by a small freestanding steel framework tower.
The transmission power of the medium wave transmitter was reduced during the nineties from 100 kilowatts to 2.5 kilowatts.
Juanfran (footballer, born 1985)
Juan Francisco Torres Belén (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxwaɱ fɾanˈθisko ˈtores βeˈlen]; born 9 January 1985), known as Juanfran (pronounced [ˈxwaɱfɾan]), is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a right-back.

After starting out at Real Madrid, he went on to make a name for himself in La Liga with Osasuna and Atlético Madrid, signing for the latter club in 2011 and going on to win seven major titles, including the 2014 national championship and the 2012 and 2018 Europa League tournaments. He totalled 427 appearances in Spain's top flight.

A Spanish international since 2012, Juanfran was part of the squad that won that year's European Championship, and also represented the nation at the 2014 World Cup and Euro 2016.

2003 FIFA World Youth Championship
The 2003 FIFA World Youth Championship was the 14th FIFA World Youth Championship. It took place in United Arab Emirates between 27 November and 19 December 2003. Brazil claimed their fourth title, becoming the first country to simultaneously hold all three World Cups of the same gender (senior, under-20, and under-17). The tournament was originally planned to be played 25 March to 16 April 2003, but was postponed because of the Iraq War.
Kōhoku Station (Saga)
Kōhoku Station (Japanese: 江北駅, Hepburn: Kōhoku-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of Kōhoku, Kishima District, Saga Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu and is a junction between the Nagasaki Main Line and the Sasebo Line.

Tosu Station
Tosu Station (Japanese: 鳥栖駅, Hepburn: Tosu-eki) is a junction passenger railway station located in the city of Tosu, Saga Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu and is the junction between the Kagoshima Main Line and the Nagasaki Main Line.
Norilsk Urban District
The Norilsk Urban District or Norilsk Urban Okrug (Russian: Город Норильск) is an administrative and municipal city district (okrug), one of the twenty-two in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is enclaved inside the Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District. The area of the district is 4,509 square kilometers (1,741 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Norilsk, which accounts for 99.5% of the district's population. The population at the 2021 census was 175,237 inhabitants. Population: 175,237 (2021 census); 176,252 (2010 census); 221,908 (2002 census); 267,609 (1989 Soviet census).

Krasnoyarsk Krai
Krasnoyarsk Krai is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia located in Siberia. Its administrative center is the city of Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in Siberia after Novosibirsk. Comprising half of the Siberian Federal District, Krasnoyarsk Krai is the largest krai in Russia, the second-largest federal subject in the country after neighboring Sakha, and the third-largest country subdivision by area in the world. The krai covers an area of 2,366,797 square kilometers (913,825 sq mi), constituting roughly 13% of Russia's total area. Krasnoyarsk Krai has a population of 2,856,971 as of the 2021 census.
Comparison of baseball and cricket
Baseball and cricket are the best-known members of a family of related bat-and-ball games. Both have fields that are 400 feet (120 m) or more in diameter between their furthest endpoints, offensive players who can hit a thrown/"bowled" ball out of the field and run between safe areas to score runs (points) at the risk of being gotten out (forced off the field of play by the opposing team and thus left unable to score further runs during that play), and have a major game format lasting about 3 hours.

Despite their similarities, the two sports also have many differences in play and in strategy; for example, far more runs are scored in a cricket match compared to a baseball game. A comparison between baseball and cricket can be instructive to followers of either sport, since the differences help to highlight nuances particular to each game.

Over (cricket)
In cricket, an over consists of six legal deliveries bowled from one end of a cricket pitch to the player batting at the other end, almost always by a single bowler.

A maiden over is an over in which no runs are scored that count against the bowler (so leg byes and byes may be scored as they are not counted against the bowler). A wicket maiden is a maiden over in which a wicket is also taken. Similarly, double and triple wicket maidens are when two and three wickets are taken in a maiden over.

After six deliveries the umpire calls 'over'; the fielding team switches ends, and a different bowler is selected to bowl from the opposite end. The captain of the fielding team decides which bowler will bowl any given over, and no bowler may bowl two overs in succession.
Filan (Caucasus)
Filan (Arabic: فلان) was a people and principality in the early medieval Caucasus. They are known only from Arabic-language sources. According to the 9th-century historian al-Baladhuri, their ruler, the Filan-Shah, had been appointed as an autonomous prince by the Sasanian emperor Khosrow I (r. 531–579). The tribe likely lived in what is now southern Dagestan, but its ethnic identity is uncertain; they may have been of Avar origin. According to the 10th-century geographer al-Mas'udi, the Filan eventually became part of the neighbouring principality of Sarir.

Avars (Caucasus)
The Avars (/ˈævɑːrz/), also known as Maharuls' (Avar: магӀарулал, romanized: maⱨarulal, lit. 'mountaineers'), are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group. The Avars are the largest of several ethnic groups living in the Russian republic of Dagestan. The Avars reside in the North Caucasus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Alongside other ethnic groups in the North Caucasus region, the Avars live in ancient villages located approximately 2,000 meters above sea level. The Avar language spoken by the Caucasian Avars belongs to the family of Avar–Andic languages. Sunni Islam has been the prevailing religion of the Avars since the 14th century.
2024 COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship
The 2024 COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship was the second edition of the COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship, the international women's youth football championship contested by the under-20 women's national teams of the member associations of COSAFA. The tournament was hosted in Johannesburg, South Africa from 19 to 24 November 2024.

East African guest nation Tanzania were the inaugural Champions when they lifted a maiden title in 2019 with a 2–1 victory over Zambia in the final. As the Twiga Stars did not return for this edition the tournament saw a COSAFA member claim the title for the first time, with Zambia clinching the championship undefeated and without conceding a goal, while host South Africa finished second.

COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship
COSAFA U-20 Women's Championship is a football tournament for under-20 women's teams from southern Africa organized by Council of Southern Africa Football Associations (COSAFA). The first edition of the tournament was held in South Africa in 2019 with guest nation Tanzania coming out as champions. The 2020 tournament was canceled due to COVID-19 pandemic.