hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Serbian Peabody rifle
The Serbian Peabody rifle (Serbian: Пушка система Пибоди, Puška sistema Pibodi) is a single-shot breech-loading rifle made and used in the Principality of Serbia in the second half of the 19th century. It was the first Serbian military rifle to use metallic cartridges.

Wänzl rifle
The Wänzl or Wänzel rifle was a breechloading conversion of the Lorenz M1854 and M1862 rifles. The Austro-Hungarian Empire used the Wänzel as their service rifle until they had enough Werndl-Holub M1867 rifles to arm the military.

The rifle was a lifting block breechloader chambered for the 14×33mmRF cartridge. The Austrians converted a total of 70,000 Lorenz muskets to Wänzels.
Sant Quirze Safaja
Sant Quirze Safaja (Old Catalan for 'Saint Cyr the-Beech-Wood'; Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsaŋ ˈkiɾzə səˈfaʒə]) is a municipality in the comarca of Moianès in Catalonia, Spain. Since May 2015 it has been part of the new comarca of Moianès; previously it was in Vallès Oriental.

Moianès
Moianès (Catalan pronunciation: [muјəˈnɛs]) is a comarca in the central region of Catalonia, Spain. Its capital is the town of Moià.

It became a comarca in May 2015, following approval in a local referendum and by the Parliament of Catalonia. Its 10 municipalities were in the comarques of Bages, Osona, and Vallès Oriental. It had previously been recommended in 2000 in the "Report on the revision of Catalonia's territorial organisation model", known as the "Roca Report", commissioned by the Catalan government. Before it was given legal status, Moianès was considered a "natural comarca"—a distinct geographic region—comprising the eponymous Moianès Plateau.
WZBA
WZBA (100.7 FM, "100.7 The Bay") is a commercial radio station licensed to serve Westminster, Maryland. The station is owned by Times-Shamrock Communications and broadcasts a classic rock format. Its studios are in Hunt Valley and its broadcast tower is located near Owings Mills at (39°26′49.9″N 76°46′47.2″W﻿ / ﻿39.447194°N 76.779778°W﻿ / 39.447194; -76.779778).

The station's service contour covers the Baltimore metropolitan area and southern portions of South Central Pennsylvania. The station markets itself as the only station in the Baltimore market dedicated to the classic rock format.

Westminster, Maryland
Westminster is a city in and the county seat of Carroll County, Maryland, United States. The city's population was 19,960 at the 2020 census. Westminster is an outlying community in the Baltimore metropolitan area, which is part of the greater Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area.
Taylor Ortlepp
Taylor Jae Ortlepp (born 22 June 1997) is an Australian professional basketball player and Australian rules footballer. She has played for the Adelaide Lightning and Melbourne Boomers in the Women's National Basketball League (WNBL) and Carlton in the AFL Women's (AFLW).

NBL1 Central
NBL1 Central, formerly the Premier League, is a semi-professional basketball league in South Australia, comprising both a men's and women's competition. In 2020, Basketball South Australia partnered with the National Basketball League (NBL) to bring NBL1 to South Australia. NBL1 replaced the former Premier League to create more professional pathways and opportunities for males and females playing basketball in South Australia. As a result, the Premier League became the central conference of NBL1.
Afega
Afega is a village on the island of Upolu in Samoa. It is located on the central north coast of the island to the west of the capital Apia in the countryside. The population is 1998.

Afega is part of electoral constituency (faipule district) Sagaga Le Usoga which is part of the larger political district Tuamasaga.

Apia
Apia (Samoan: [a.pi.a]) is the capital and largest city of Samoa. It is located on the central north coast of Upolu, Samoa's second-largest island. Apia falls within the political district (itūmālō) of Tuamasaga.

The Apia Urban Area (generally known as the City of Apia) has a population of 35,974 (2021 census). Its geographic boundaries extend from the east approximately from Letogo village in Vaimauga to the west in the newer, industrialized region of Apia which extends to Vaitele village in Faleata.
St Mark (Hals)
St. Mark is an oil-on-canvas painting by the Dutch Golden Age painter Frans Hals, painted in 1625. It was purchased by Russian philanthropist Alisher Usmanov from the art dealer Colnaghi, London in September 2013 for the Pushkin Museum and donated by him to that museum in November that year, where it still hangs.

Claus Grimm
Claus Grimm (born November 22, 1940) is a German art historian and from its founding in 1983 until 2007 he was director of the Bavarian historical institute Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte in Augsburg. He is considered an authority on Frans Hals and wrote a catalogue raisonné in 1989.
Mirosław Hermaszewski
Mirosław Hermaszewski (Polish: [miˈrɔswaf xɛrmaˈʂɛfski] ⓘ; 15 September 1941 – 12 December 2022) was a Polish cosmonaut, fighter plane pilot, and Polish Air Force officer. He became the first and, at the time of his death in December 2022, only Polish national to ever go to space when he flew aboard the Soviet Soyuz 30 spacecraft in 1978. He was the 89th human to reach outer space.

Alexei Leonov
Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov (30 May 1934 – 11 October 2019) was a Soviet and Russian cosmonaut and aviator, Air Force major general, writer, and artist. On 18 March 1965, he became the first person to conduct a spacewalk, exiting the capsule during the Voskhod 2 mission for 12 minutes and 9 seconds. He was also selected to be the first Soviet person to land on the Moon although the project was eventually cancelled.

In July 1975, Leonov commanded the Soyuz capsule in the Apollo–Soyuz mission, which docked in space for two days with an American Apollo capsule.

Leonov was twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1965, 1975), a Major General of Aviation (1975), laureate of the USSR State Prize (1981), and a member of the Supreme Council of the United Russia party (2002–2019).
Nashville, California
38°34′44″N 120°50′43″W﻿ / ﻿38.57889°N 120.84528°W﻿ / 38.57889; -120.84528

Nashville (formerly, Nashville Bar, Quartzville, and Quartzburg) is an unincorporated community in El Dorado County, California. It is located on the North Fork of the Cosumnes River 10.5 miles (17 km) south of Placerville, at an elevation of 863 feet (263 m).

The place was first called Nashville Bar, then Quartzville and Quartzburg, before being named for Nashville, Tennessee.

Described as "quite a busy town" in 1852, Nashville had a store and boarding house in support of the nearby mines.  The nearby Montezuma mine operated into the 1930s, at which time Nashville still had hundreds of residents, a school, and post office; by 1977 all but one business were gone and only thirteen residents remained.

A post office operated in Nashville from 1852 to 1854 and from 1870 to 1907.

Placerville, California
Placerville (/ˈplæsərvɪl/, PLASS-ər-vil; placer, Spanish for "sand deposit", representing the placer mining that was predominant in the town's development, and ville, French for "town") is a city in and the county seat of El Dorado County, California, United States. The population was 10,747 as of the 2020 census, up from 10,389 as of the 2010 census. It is part of the Sacramento metropolitan area.
Bell Hill mill tramway
Bell Hill mill tramway was a bush tramway at Bell Hill in the Moana Region of the Grey District on the West Coast of New Zealand. The tramway with a track gauge of 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) was used in the 1910s.

Bush tramway
In New Zealand railway terminology, a bush tramway is an industrial tramway, most commonly used for logging. They are distinguished from urban trams as bush tramways were predominantly for freight, usually logging in the bush, and not for passengers, and were often built in parts of the countryside that were otherwise inaccessible to transport. In some cases, such as the Kinleith Branch, bush tramways were converted to heavy rail and incorporated into the New Zealand Government Railways network. In modern parlance, both urban trams and bush tramways are known as light rail.
Lauriana Mae
Lauriana Mae (born January 18, 1983) is an American pop, R&B, and soul singer-songwriter. She has collaborated with musicians such as CeeLo Green, Kwamé, and B.o.B. In 2013, she performed guest vocals on "Only You" with Green which also led to a performance on The Ellen DeGeneres Show on April 17, 2013.

Mae’s upcoming project will release on her Team Pains Music Group label in partnership with Empire and is called “Small Town City Dreams”. The project retraces some of Mae’s experiences.

Dreezy
Seandrea Sledge (born March 28, 1994), better known by her stage name Dreezy, is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. She signed with Interscope Records in 2014 where she released the studio albums No Hard Feelings (2016) and Big Dreez (2019). In 2020, she split from the label and released Hitgirl (2022), a collaboration album with Hit-Boy.
Collinsovermis
Collinsovermis is a genus of extinct panarthropod belonging to the group Lobopodia and known from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale in British Columbia, Canada. It is monotypic having only one species, Collinsovermis monstruosus. After its initial discovery in 1983, Desmond H. Collins popularised it as a unique animal and was subsequently dubbed "Collins' monster" for its unusual super armoured body. The formal scientific description and name were given in 2020. A similar lobopodian is known from the Emu Bay Shale, however it remains unnamed.

Burgess Shale
The Burgess Shale is a fossil-bearing deposit exposed in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. It is famous for the exceptional preservation of the soft parts of its fossils. At 508 million years old (middle Cambrian), it is one of the earliest fossil beds containing soft-part imprints.

The rock unit is a black shale and crops out at several localities near the town of Field in Yoho National Park and the Kicking Horse Pass. Another outcrop is in Kootenay National Park 42 km to the south.
Bar-winged flycatcher-shrike
The bar-winged flycatcher-shrike (Hemipus picatus) is a small passerine bird usually placed in the Vangidae. It is found in the forests of tropical southern Asia from the Himalayas and hills of southern India to Indonesia. Mainly insectivorous it is found hunting in the mid-canopy of forests, often joining mixed-species foraging flocks. They perch upright and have a distinctive pattern of black and white, males being more shiny black than the females. In some populations the colour of the back is brownish while others have a dark wash on the underside.

Gleaning (birds)
Gleaning is a feeding strategy by birds and bats in which they catch invertebrate prey, mainly arthropods, by plucking them from foliage or the ground, from crevices such as rock faces and under the eaves of houses, or even, as in the case of ticks and lice, from living animals. This behavior is contrasted with hawking insects from the air or chasing after moving insects such as ants. Gleaning, in birds, does not refer to foraging for seeds or fruit.

Gleaning is a common feeding strategy for some groups of birds, including nuthatches, tits (including chickadees), wrens, woodcreepers, treecreepers, Old World flycatchers, Tyrant flycatchers, babblers, Old World warblers, New World warblers, vireos and some hummingbirds and cuckoos. Many birds make use of multiple feeding strategies, depending on the availability of different sources of food and opportunities of the moment.
2012 Vietnam Open Grand Prix
The 2012 Vietnam Open Grand Prix was the ninth grand prix gold and grand prix tournament of the 2012 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament was held in Phan Dinh Phung Stadium, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam from 20 to 26 August 2012 and had a total purse of $50,000.

Vietnam Open (badminton)
The Vietnam Open (Vietnamese: Giải cầu lông Việt Nam mở rộng) is an international Badminton open held in Vietnam since 1996.The tournament is a part of the BWF World Tour tournaments and is leveled in BWF Tour Super 100.

In the first edition, the 1997 Badminton Asia Championships runners-up Lee Wan Wah and Choong Tan Fook were the winners in the men's doubles event. After another edition in 1997, the championships were halted for 8 years, then held again in the BWF calendar in 2006. In 2007, it was established as a BWF Grand Prix event until 2017.
Maringué District
Maringué District is a district of Sofala Province in Mozambique. The principal town is 
Maringué. The district is located in the north of the province, and borders with Chemba District in the north, Caia District in the east, Cheringoma District in the southeast, Gorongosa District in the south, with Macossa District of Manica Province in the west, and with Tambara District of Manica Province in the northwest. The area of the district is 6,176 square kilometres (2,385 sq mi). It has a population of 75,089 as of 2007.

Manica Province
Manica is a province of Mozambique. It has an area of 62,272 km2 and a population of 1,945,994 (2017 census). The province is surrounded by Zimbabwe to the west, Tete Province to the northwest, Sofala Province to the east, the Save River to the south, and the Zambezi river to the northeast. Chimoio is the capital of the province. The highest mountain in Mozambique, Mount Binga (2436 m), lies in this province on the border with Zimbabwe. The Manica province is divided into nine districts and 34 administrative regions.
Battle of the Marshes
The Battle of the Marshes (Arabic: معركة الأهوار) was a part of the Iran–Iraq War.

After the mostly indecisive Dawn operations in 1983, Iran opened a new, surprise amphibious offensive in the lakes of the Hawizeh Marshes in Iraqi Tigris–Euphrates river system.

After heavy losses at the beginning due to human wave attacks, 15,000 casualties and little progress, Iran began developing new tactics, involving amphibious assault, and deployed a regular army division, the 92nd Armored Division. Although the Iranians suffered heavy losses against the Iraqi artillery, tanks, air strikes and gunboats, Iran eventually managed to invade the oil rich Majnoun Islands with Operation Kheibar and nearly break the Iraqi lines before being driven back to the marshes and Majnoon Island.

Iraq heavily used chemical weapons (mustard gas) during the battle.

Mil Mi-24
The Mil Mi-24 (Russian: Миль Ми-24; NATO reporting name: Hind) is a large helicopter gunship, attack helicopter and low-capacity troop transport with room for eight passengers. It is produced by Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant and was introduced by the Soviet Air Force in 1972. As of 2025, the helicopter is in use with 52 countries.

In NATO circles, the export versions, Mi-25 and Mi-35, are denoted with a letter suffix as "Hind D" and "Hind E". Soviet pilots called the Mi-24 the "flying tank" (Russian: летающий танк, romanized: letayushchiy tank), a term used historically with the famous World War II Soviet Il-2 Shturmovik armored ground attack aircraft. Other common unofficial nicknames were "Galina" (or "Galya"), "Crocodile" (Russian: Крокодил, romanized: Krokodil), due to the helicopter's camouflage scheme, and "Drinking Glass" (Russian: Стакан, romanized: Stakan), because of the flat glass plates that surround earlier Mi-24 variants' cockpits.
Shemshak Group
The Shemshak Formation is a Mesozoic geologic group in Iran. It is dated to the Norian to the Late Jurassic and is up to 4,000 meters thick and primarily consists of siliciclastic sediments. The most important group in terms of paleontology is the Mesozoic in Iran. Contains dinosaur fossils, plant flora with rich coal deposits, and other animals.

Golestan province
Golestan province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the northeast of the country and southeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Gorgan, formerly called Esterabad until 1937. Golestan was split off from Mazandaran Province in 1997.

Golestan province borders Turkmenistan to the north. One of the key border points between the two countries is Incheh Borun, which serves as a vital crossing point.

The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014. The majority of its population are Shia Muslims.
Gleeson Group
Gleeson Group was a manufacturer and distributor of packaged beverage and confectionery products, established in 1974, and owned by the Cooney family. It has approximately 650 employees. The company has national coverage through its 13 distribution hubs. It also owns a large manufacturing plant located in Borrisoleigh, County Tipperary.

Duvel Moortgat Brewery
Duvel Moortgat Brewery (Brouwerij Duvel Moortgat) is a Flemish family-controlled brewery founded in 1871 in Antwerp Province, Belgium. Its strong golden pale ale, Duvel, is exported to more than forty countries. Duvel is Brabantian, Ghent and Antwerp dialect for devil, the standard Dutch word being duivel [ˈdœy̯vəl]. Other popular beers include Maredsous and Vedett.
Zazel: The Scent of Love
Zazel: The Scent of Love (also known as "Zazel: Philip Mond's Scent of Love" and "ZTSOL") is an American erotic film, photographed in October 1995 and released in 1997. In occultism, Zȃzȇl is a spirit associated with Saturn. The film was produced by Cal Vista Studios—reportedly made at a cost of $237,000—and was directed by Dutch fashion photographer and filmmaker Philip Mond, who also did the camera work and designed the costumes and special make-up.  It was Mond's second adult erotic feature after Sex Off the Runway—and like his previous film, Zazel also featured a bevy of Penthouse Pets, including 1994 Pet of the Year, Sasha Vinni; 1995 Pet of the Year, Gina LaMarca; and 1999 Pet of the Year, Nikie St. Gilles.

The film included visually elaborate set pieces; extravagant costuming, make-up and body painting; and expensive filming techniques, such as underwater photography, not normally seen in such erotic films.

French kiss
A French kiss, also known as a tongue kiss, is an amorous kiss in which the participants' tongues extend to touch each other's lips or tongue. A kiss with the tongue stimulates the partner's lips, tongue and mouth, which are sensitive to the touch and induce sexual arousal. The sensation when two tongues touch—also known as tongue touching—has been proven to stimulate endorphin release and reduce acute stress levels.

Extended French kissing may be part of making out. The term originated at the beginning of the 20th century in America and Great Britain, as the French had acquired a reputation for more adventurous and passionate sex practices.

French kissing may be a mode for disease transmission, particularly if there are open wounds.
Leptinella
Leptinella is a genus of alpine flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, comprising 33 species, distributed in New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and South America. Many of the species are endemic to New Zealand.

For over 100 years, Leptinella species were considered part of the genus Cotula, but the genus Leptinella was reinstated by Lloyd & Webb in 1987. They determined that all species of Leptinella are distinguished from those of the other two sections of Cotula, and other Anthemideae, by the conspicuous "inflated" corollas of the female florets and by chromosome numbers based on x = 26 where known.

Leptinella squalida 'Platt's Black' is a form cultivated as a garden plant, and is used for ground cover and as a component in tapestry lawns.

Species

Anthemideae
Anthemideae is a tribe of flowering plants in the subfamily Asteroideae, which is part of the family Asteraceae. They are distributed worldwide, with concentrations in central Asia, the Mediterranean Basin, and southern Africa. Most species of plant known as chamomile belong to genera of this tribe.

As of 2006 there were about 1800 species classified in 111 genera. In 2007 the tribe was divided into 14 subtribes, including Glebionidinae, the source of hybrid garden marguerites.
Kosmos 2430
Kosmos 2430 (Russian: Космос 2430 meaning Cosmos 2430) was a Russian US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 2007 as part of the Russian Space Forces' Oko programme. The satellite was designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 2430 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 04:39 UTC on 23 October 2007. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 2007-049A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 32268.

In May 2012, it did not perform a manoeuvre and drifted off station.

On 5 January 2019, it was caught on video as it de-orbited over the North Island of New Zealand.

Oko
Oko (Old Russian: Око, lit. 'Eye') is a Russian (previously Soviet) missile defence early warning programme consisting of satellites in Molniya and geosynchronous orbits. Oko satellites are used to identify launches of ballistic missiles by detection of their engines' exhaust plume in infrared light, and complement other early warning facilities such as Voronezh, Daryal and Dnepr radars. The information provided by these sensors can be used for the A-135 anti-ballistic missile system which defends Moscow. The satellites are run by the Russian Aerospace Forces, and previously the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces and Russian Space Forces. Since November 2015, it is being replaced by the new EKS system.
Mary of Exeter
Mary of Exeter was a carrier pigeon who flew many military missions with the National Pigeon Service during World War II, transporting important messages across the English Channel back to her loft in Exeter, England.  She was awarded the Dickin Medal in November 1945 for showing endurance on war service despite being injured on three occasions and emerging uninjured when her loft was bombed.

Mary was owned by Cecil "Charlie" Brewer, a bootmaker from Exeter.  She served with the National Pigeon Service between 1940 and 1945 carrying top secret messages.  Mary made four trips from France to England.

She died in 1950 and is buried in Ilford Animal Cemetery.

National Pigeon Service
The National Pigeon Service (NPS) was a volunteer civilian organisation formed in Britain in 1938 as result of representations made to the Committee of Imperial Defence and the British Government by Major W. H. Osman.
During 1939-45 over 200,000 young pigeons were given to the services by the British pigeon breeders of the NPS.
The birds were used by the Royal Air Force and the Army and Intelligence Services, Special Section of the Army Pigeon Service (which was formed in World War I by Lt. Col. A. H. Osman). During three and a half years of World War II, 16,554 war pigeons were parachuted onto the continent. One of these was Commando, a red chequer cock bird that became a recipient of the Dickin Medal. Many other NPS pigeons also received the Dickin Medal.
Idarkopf
The Idarkopf near Stipshausen in the Hunsrück is a mountain, 745.7 m above sea level (NHN), within the Idar Forest in the German counties of Birkenfeld and Bernkastel-Wittlich. It is one of the highest mountains in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

Bernkastel-Wittlich
Bernkastel-Wittlich (German: Landkreis Bernkastel-Wittlich) is a district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Vulkaneifel, Cochem-Zell, Rhein-Hunsrück, Birkenfeld, Trier-Saarburg and Bitburg-Prüm.