hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ada White Bacot
Ada White Bacot (December 31, 1832 – April 11, 1911) was a Confederate nurse for Civil War soldiers from 1861–1863. She worked as a Civil War nurse at Monticello Hospital and eventually Midway Hospital in Charlottesville, VA. In 1863, Bacot left the nursing profession for unknown reasons.

Roseville Plantation (Florence, South Carolina)
Roseville Plantation is a historic home located near Florence, Florence County, South Carolina.  It was built in 1771 and renovated about 1835 and 1910.  It is a two-story, lateral gabled, weatherboard-clad residence.  The building consists partly of mortise and tenoned hand-hewn and peeled log construction.  The house at Roseville Plantation is at the end of a tree lined dirt driveway and set at the center of a broad sparsely landscaped lawn, resting upon a brick pier foundation which has recently been enclosed at its perimeter with stuccoed concrete block.  It features a broad, one-story, hip roofed wraparound veranda.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. The plantation is the final resting place of Ada White Bacot.
Paul von Rohden
Paul von Rohden (12 December 1862, Barmen – 28 February 1939, Pieterlen) was a German-Swiss schoolteacher and historian known for his research in the field of prosopography. He was the son of theologian Ludwig von Rohden (1815–1889) and the brother of archaeologist Hermann von Rohden (1852–1916) and theologian Gustav von Rohden (1855–1942).

He studied history in Leipzig and Berlin, where he was influenced by Theodor Mommsen. From 1889 onward, he taught classes at the gymnasium in Steglitz, afterwards relocating to Davos in Switzerland, where in 1896 he worked briefly as a tutor. Beginning in 1899 he taught classes in ancient languages and other subjects at the Fridericianum Davos. Starting in the winter of 1913/14 he gave lectures in Davos Platz.

Theodor Mommsen
Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (/ˈmɒmzən/; German: [ˈteːodoːɐ̯ ˈmɔmzn̩] ⓘ; 30 November 1817 – 1 November 1903) was a German classical scholar, historian, jurist, journalist, politician and archaeologist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest classicists of the 19th century.  He received the 1902 Nobel Prize in Literature for his historical writings, including The History of Rome, after having been nominated by 18 members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences. He was also a prominent German politician, as a member of the Prussian and German parliaments. His works on Roman law and on the law of obligations had a significant impact on the German civil code.
Pan-Slavic language
A pan-Slavic language is a zonal auxiliary language for communication among the Slavic peoples.

There are approximately 400 million speakers of the Slavic languages. In order to communicate with each other, speakers of different Slavic languages often resort to international lingua francas, primarily English or Russian. But since Slavic languages are closely related lexically and grammatically and are comparatively easier to learn when another Slavic language is already known, there have been numerous attempts to construct a more neutral auxiliary language that could act as a common language for slavophones. The earliest pan-Slavic linguistic efforts preceded academic knowledge and reconstruction of Proto-Slavic, which was likely spoken between 2nd century BCE and 6th century CE, from which all Slavic languages developed in following centuries.

Grammatical gender
In linguistics, a grammatical gender system is a specific form of a noun class system, where nouns are assigned to gender categories that are often not related to the real-world qualities of the entities denoted by those nouns. In languages with grammatical gender, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called gender. The values present in a given language, of which there are usually two or three, are called the genders of that language. Determiners, adjectives, and pronouns also change their form depending on the noun to which they refer.

According to one estimate, gender is used in approximately half of the world's languages.
Karl Thorsteins
Karl Thorsteins (born October 13, 1964) is an Icelandic chess player who has been an International Master since 1985. He won the Icelandic Chess Championship twice: in 1985 and 1989. In 1988, he played in the Reykjavík Invitational Tournament, finishing in tenth place with a total of 5 points. A game he lost to Jóhann Hjartarson in this tournament was highlighted by Robert Byrne in the New York Times.

Jóhann Hjartarson
Jóhann Hjartarson (born 8 February 1963) is an Icelandic chess grandmaster and lawyer. He is a six-time Icelandic Chess Champion and a two-time Nordic Chess Champion. With occasional brief interruptions, he was the highest-rated Icelandic player from January 1989 to March 2015.

Since 1998, Johann has been the general counsel and secretary of the Icelandic biotechnology company deCODE genetics, a subsidiary of Amgen. Although he retired from professional chess when he began his legal career in the late 1990s, Johann still competes occasionally and remains one of the strongest chess players in Iceland.
Persistent truncus arteriosus
Persistent truncus arteriosus (PTA), often referred to simply as truncus arteriosus, is a rare form of congenital heart disease that presents at birth. In this condition, the embryological structure known as the truncus arteriosus fails to properly divide into the pulmonary trunk and aorta. This results in one arterial trunk arising from the heart and providing mixed blood to the coronary arteries, pulmonary arteries, and systemic circulation. For the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), the International Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code (IPCCC) was developed to standardize the nomenclature of congenital heart disease. Under this system, English is now the official language, and persistent truncus arteriosus should properly be termed common arterial trunk.

Ventricle (heart)
A ventricle is one of two large chambers located toward the bottom of the heart that collect and expel blood towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs. The blood pumped by a ventricle is supplied by an atrium, an adjacent chamber in the upper heart that is smaller than a ventricle. Interventricular means between the ventricles (for example the interventricular septum), while intraventricular means within one ventricle (for example an intraventricular block).

In a four-chambered heart, such as that in humans, there are two ventricles that operate in a double circulatory system: the right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary circulation to the lungs, and the left ventricle pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta.
Parc de la Creueta del Coll
Parc de la Creueta del Coll (IPA: [ˈpaɾɡ də lə kɾəˈwɛtə ðəl ˈkɔʎ], 'Park of the Corner of the Hill') is a park in the Gràcia and Horta districts of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The park was created from an abandoned quarry as part of the nou urbanisme developments during the 1992 Summer Olympics by architects Martorell, Bohigas and Mackay.

The park contains the sculpture Elogi de l'Aigua, by Basque sculptor Eduardo Chillida, a massive concrete claw suspended by steel cables above a flooded quarry.

Another steel sculpture, Escultura (English: Totem) by Ellsworth Kelly is near the entrance gate.

Looking down onto the claw from the rim of the park

Elogi de l'Aigua by Chillida

Totem by Kelly

Gràcia
Gràcia (Catalan: [ˈɡɾasi.ə] ⓘ, lit. 'Grace'), is a district of the Mediterranean city of Barcelona, in the northeastern autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. It comprises the barris (neighborhoods) of Vila de Gràcia, Vallcarca i els Penitents, El Coll, La Salut and Camp d'en Grassot i Gràcia Nova. Gràcia is bordered by the districts of Eixample to the south, Sarrià-Sant Gervasi to the west, and Horta-Guinardó to the east. A vibrant and diverse enclave of Catalan life, Gràcia was an independent municipality for centuries before being formally annexed by Barcelona in 1897, as a part of the city's expansions.
History of Canada (1763–1867)
Starting with the 1763 Treaty of Paris, New France, of which the colony of Canada was a part, formally became a part of the British Empire. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 enlarged the colony of Canada under the name of the Province of Quebec, which with the Constitutional Act 1791 became known as the Canadas. With the Act of Union 1840, Upper and Lower Canada were joined to become the Province of Canada.

By the 1860s, interest developed in forming a new federation between the Canadas and the other British colonies of British North America, that led to Confederation in 1867. A number of other British colonies that are today part of Canada, such as Newfoundland and British Columbia, and large territories such as Rupert's Land, initially remained outside the newly formed federation.

Fraser River
The Fraser River (/ˈfreɪzər/) is the longest river within British Columbia, Canada, rising at Fraser Pass near Blackrock Mountain in the Rocky Mountains and flowing for 1,375 kilometres (854 mi), into the Strait of Georgia just south of the City of Vancouver. The river's annual discharge at its mouth is 112 cubic kilometres (27 mi3) or 3,550 cubic metres per second (125,000 cu ft/s), and each year, it discharges about 20 million tons of sediment into the ocean.
Pruszków County
Pruszków County (Polish: powiat pruszkowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Pruszków, which lies 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Warsaw. The county also contains the towns of Piastów, lying 4 km (2 mi) north-east of Pruszków, and Brwinów, 7 km (4 mi) south-west of Pruszków.

The county covers an area of 246.31 square kilometres (95.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 165,039, out of which the population of Pruszków is 62,076, that of Piastów is 22,619, that of Brwinów is 13,601, and the rural population is 66,743.

Piastów
Piastów [ˈpʲastuf] is a town in central Poland in the Masovian Voivodeship, within the Warsaw metropolitan area, with 23,331 inhabitants (2006 est). With 3963 persons/km², it is the second most densely populated township in Poland (after Świętochłowice).
Floodgate Records
Floodgate Records was a part of the East West Records family of labels. It was founded in 2000 and managed by Tim Taber (formerly of The Prayer Chain). Distribution was through Word Records and marketing through Rocketown. Their first release was All I Have, a worship album by Rita Springer. The label ceased operations at an unknown point before mid-2008.

Rocketown Records
Rocketown Records was an independent record label which was started in 1996 by Michael W. Smith. In the fall of 1995, met with Don Donahue, A&R director at Reunion Records, to discuss creation of the label.

In 1996, Word Records bought a minority share of the company.
2010 Rugby League Four Nations
The 2010 Rugby League Four Nations tournament was played in Australia and New Zealand in October and November 2010. The tournament was the second time the Four Nations had been held, following on from the 2009 edition held in England and France.

The series was contested between Australia, England, New Zealand and the winners of the 2009 Pacific Cup, Papua New Guinea.

Rugby League Four Nations
The Rugby League Four Nations was a rugby league football tournament run in partnership between Australia, England, New Zealand, and a guest nation which changed with every edition.

The tournament replaced the previous Tri-Nations format by including a fourth nation that qualifies by winning their respective regional competition in a rotation between Europe and the South Pacific.
Pradiphat Road
Pradiphat Road (Thai: ถนนประดิพัทธ์, RTGS: Thanon Pradiphat, pronounced [tʰā.nǒn prā.dī.pʰát]) is located in Bangkok, Thailand, mainly within the Phaya Thai sub-district of Phaya Thai district. It is a straight road 1.808 km (1.1 mi) long.

Phaya Thai district
Phaya Thai (Thai: พญาไท, pronounced [pʰā.jāː tʰāj]) is a district in central Bangkok, Thailand. From the north clockwise, its neighbouring districts are: Bang Sue, Chatuchak, Din Daeng, Ratchathewi, and Dusit. Despite sharing a name, due to boundary changes, Phaya Thai Road and Phaya Thai BTS Station are in the adjoining Ratchathewi District.
Worms Revolution
Worms Revolution is a 2D artillery turn-based tactics video game developed by Team17 and is part of the Worms series. It was released on PlayStation 3, Windows via Steam and Xbox 360 in October 2012. An OS X version was released on June 6, 2013. A PlayStation Vita version including all three previously released downloadable packs and titled Worms Revolution Extreme was released on October 8, 2013. This version of the game was included as part of a promotional bundle alongside the PlayStation TV system. Like previous games in the series, gameplay is 2D and turn-based, but it is rendered with a new 3D engine. There are both single player and multiplayer modes with up to four players online or local hotseat.

Artillery game
Artillery games are two- or three-player (usually turn-based) video games involving cannons trying to destroy each other. The core mechanics of the gameplay is almost always to aim at the opponent(s) following a ballistic trajectory (in its simplest form, a parabolic curve). Artillery games are among the earliest computer games developed; the theme of such games is an extension of the original uses of computer themselves, which were once used to calculate the trajectories of rockets and other related military-based calculations. Artillery games have been described as a type of "shooting game", though they are more often classified as a type of strategy video game.
Reading Class T-1
The Reading T-1 was a class of 4-8-4 "Northern" type steam locomotives owned by the Reading Company. They were rebuilt from thirty "I-10sa" class 2-8-0 "Consolidation" type locomotives between 1945 and 1947. Out of the thirty rebuilt, four survive in preservation today, those being numbers 2100, 2101, 2102, and 2124, of which 2102 is operational.

Western Maryland Railway
The Western Maryland Railway (reporting mark WM) nicknamed the Wild Mary was a small American Class I railroad (1852–1983) that operated in 3 US States, Maryland (Western Region), West Virginia (Eastern Region), and Pennsylvania (Southern Region) around the Allegheny Regions of the Appalachian Mountains with its headquarters in Baltimore, Maryland. It was primarily a coal hauling and freight railroad, with a small passenger train operation until 1958 when the WM discontinued all of its passenger service.

The WM became a property of the Chessie System holding company in 1973, although it continued independent operations until May 1975 after which many of its lines were abandoned in favor of parallel Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) lines.

In 1983, it was fully merged into the B&O, which later was also merged with the former Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) into the Chessie System in 1987, which then merged with the Seaboard System to form CSX Transportation.
1991–92 FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup
The 1991/92 FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup was the thirteenth World Cup season in freestyle skiing organised by International Ski Federation. The season started on 2 December 1991 and ended on 14 March 1992. This season included four disciplines: aerials, moguls, ballet and combined.

Competitors of Soviet Union were competing under this flag until 25 December 1991 when this country fall apart. Since then they competed for the Commonwealth of Independent States.

FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup
The FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup is an annual freestyle skiing competition arranged by the International Ski Federation since 1980. Currently six disciplines are included in world cup: moguls, aerials, ski cross, halfpipe, slopestyle and big air. In the 1980s and 1990s there were also ski ballet and combined, which no longer exist.

Races are hosted primarily at ski resorts in North America, the Alps in Europe, with regular stops in Scandinavia, east Asia, but a few races have also been held in the Southern Hemisphere. World Cup competitions have been hosted in 22 countries around the world: Australia, Austria, Belarus, Canada, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Japan,  New Zealand, Norway, Russia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and the United States. (note that all world cup races hosted at ski resort in Ukraine was still part of Soviet Union respectively.)
Lešje, Vojnik
Lešje (pronounced [ˈleːʃjɛ]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Vojnik in eastern Slovenia. It lies just east of Arclin next to Lake Šmartno. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Arclin
Arclin (pronounced [aɾtsˈliːn]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Vojnik in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the main road south of Vojnik towards Celje. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.
Mohamed Saad (swimmer)
Mohamed Saad (Arabic: محمد سعد; born January 12, 1981) is a Yemeni former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Saad qualified for the men's 50 m freestyle at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by receiving a Universality place from FINA in an entry time of 29.82. He challenged seven other swimmers in heat two, including 15-year-old Malique Williams of Antigua and Barbuda. He raced to fifth place in 29.97, just 0.15 of a second off his entry time. Saad failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed eightieth overall out of 86 swimmers in the preliminaries.

Malique Williams
Malique Williams (born August 13, 1988) is an Antiguan swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Williams qualified for the men's 50 m freestyle, as a 15-year-old, at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. He received a Universality place from FINA in an entry time of 34.04. He challenged seven other swimmers in heat two, including 37-year-old Mamadou Ouedraogo of Burkina Faso. He posted a lifetime best of 32.86 to secure seventh spot over Malawi's Yona Walesi by a 1.15-second margin. Williams failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed eighty-second overall out of 86 swimmers in the preliminaries.
Cotton bollworm
Cotton bollworms are a significant pest of cotton. "A major pest in hot countries of irrigated crops. Enters into a summer diapause when irrigated crops are not present and the soil and air temperatures are high. When the end of the dry season comes, the rain cools the soil and pupae come out of diapause." (Nibouche 2004)

Diparopsis castanea, red bollworm: central-southern Africa

Earias insulana, spiny bollworm: Africa

Helicoverpa zea, the American bollworm or tomato grub

Helicoverpa armigera, the Old World bollworm

Pectinophora gossypiella, pink bollworm: Africa

Pectinophora scutigera, pink-spotted bollworm: Australia

Helicoverpa armigera
Helicoverpa armigera is a species of Lepidoptera in the family Noctuidae. It is known as the  cotton bollworm, corn earworm, Old World (African) bollworm, or scarce bordered straw (the lattermost in the UK, where it is a migrant). The larvae feed on a wide range of plants, including many important cultivated crops. It is a major pest in cotton and one of the most polyphagous and cosmopolitan pest species. It should not be confused with the similarly named larva of the related species Helicoverpa zea.
Noblethorpe
Noblethorpe is a hamlet in the English county of South Yorkshire. The hamlet falls within the Penistone East Ward of the Barnsley MBC.

Noblethorpe lies on the A628 road between Barnsley and Penistone, to its north is the village of Silkstone and to its south is Silkstone Common. An 1822 description describes Noblethorpe as having a single house.

Barnsley
Barnsley (/ˈbɑːrnzli/ ⓘ) is a market town in South Yorkshire, England. It is the main settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley and the fourth largest settlement in South Yorkshire. The town's population was 71,422 in 2021, while the wider borough had a population of 244,600 in the 2021 census.

Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Barnsley is located on the M1 corridor between the cities of Sheffield to the south and Wakefield to the north. Doncaster is to the east, Huddersfield to the north-west, and Manchester lies west across the Peak District to which it is connected to via the A628 road.

Barnsley's former industries include linen, coal mining, glass making and textiles. Barnsley's culture is rooted in its industrial heritage and it has a tradition of brass bands, originally created as social clubs by its mining communities.
2025 East Texas A&M Lions football team
The 2025 East Texas A&M Lions football team represented East Texas A&M University as a member of the Southland Conference during the 2025 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Lions were led by third-year head coach Clint Dolezel and played their home games at Ernest Hawkins Field at Memorial Stadium in Commerce, Texas.

This season was the Lions' first season as a full Division I member, after the NCAA approved East Texas A&M's request to be granted full status one year early on June 23. Thus, the Lions are now eligible for the postseason. It is also ETAMU's first full season under its current name; the university started the 2024 season as Texas A&M University–Commerce before officially changing its name on November 7, 2024.

Ernest Hawkins Field at Memorial Stadium
Ernest Hawkins Field at Memorial Stadium is an athletic stadium located in Commerce, Texas.  It is primarily used for American football, and is the home field of the East Texas A&M University Lions football team, East Texas A&M men's and women's Track and Field, and the Commerce High School Tigers Football team of the Commerce Independent School District. Prior to 1996, the stadium was named "East Texas State Memorial Stadium, and until the end of the 2017 season, it was known as Texas A&M–Commerce Memorial Stadium." The stadium was built in honor of the 78 East Texas A&M alums and students who fought and died during World War II. The stadium was renamed Ernest Hawkins Field at Memorial Stadium was formally changed in November 2017 in honor of longtime Lion football coach Ernest Hawkins.
Malian Rally for Labour
Malian Rally for Labour (in French: Rassemblement malien pour le travail, abbreviated RAMAT) is a political party in Mali. The party is led by Abdoulaye Macko.

In the 2002 parliamentary elections RAMAT was part of the Convergence for Alternation and Change coalition. It did however run separate lists. RAMAT had separate lists in Gao, Bandiagara, Youwarou, Douentza, Niafunke, Tomboucto and Gourma-Rharouss. In the Kolokani electoral district it had a joint list with the Rahma Party. In Kadiolo it had a joint list with Bloc for Democracy and African Integration.

The 2004 municipal elections RAMAT ran in coalition with MPLUS. Together they won four seats (out of 10 177 total in the whole country).

As of 2001 RAMAT was the only party in the country which fulfilled the standards for state funding, namely having statuary bodies, a separate office and proper accounts on party funds.

The party contested the 2013 parliamentary elections, but failed to win a seat.

Convergence for Alternation and Change
The Convergence for Alternance and Change (Convergence pour l'Alternance et changement) is a political party in Mali. It includes the Sudanese Union-African Democratic Rally (Union Soudanaise-Rassemblement Démocratique Africain) and the Party for National Rebirth (Parti pour la renaissance nationale)
At the last legislative elections, 14 July 2002, the party won 10 out of 160 seats.