hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Time and motion study
A time and motion study (or time–motion study) is a business efficiency technique combining the time study work of Frederick Winslow Taylor with the motion study work of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth (the same couple as is best known through the biographical 1950 film and book Cheaper by the Dozen). It is a major part of scientific management (Taylorism). After its first introduction, time study developed in the direction of establishing standard times, while motion study evolved into a technique for improving work methods. The two techniques became integrated and refined into a widely accepted method applicable to the improvement and upgrading of work systems. This integrated approach to work system improvement is known as methods engineering and it is applied today to industrial as well as service organizations, including banks, schools and hospitals.

Standard time in manufacturing
Standard time is the amount of time that should be allowed for an average worker to process one work unit using the standard method and working at a normal pace. The standard time includes some additional time, called the contingency allowance, to provide for the worker's personal needs, fatigue, and unavoidable delays during the shift.
Cora rubrosanguinea
Cora rubrosanguinea is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in Ecuador, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Freddy Nugra, Bibiana Moncada, and Robert Lücking  The specific epithet rubrosanguinea refers to the reddish pigment that exudes from rewetted herbarium material. The lichen is found in the northern Andes of Ecuador, where it grows on the ground or over rocks with bryophytes.

Basidiolichen
Basidiolichens are lichenized members of the division Basidiomycota within the subkingdom Dikarya of the kingdom Fungi. They form a diverse yet much smaller group of lichens than the far more common ascolichens of the division Ascomycota. Owing to how few described species there are, basidiolichens are generally considered to be poorly researched, and few studies that characterize their natural products exist. Biogeographically, basidiolichen species may be distributed in a cosmopolitan manner or more regionally, ranging from arctic and montane habitats to more temperate and tropical environments. Morphologically, basidiocarp (fruiting body) and thallus (vegetative tissue) structures may vary widely within and between basidiolichen genera.
Jonas Alströmer (1877–1955)
Friherre Jonas Magnus Alströmer (21 August 1877 – 30 November 1955) was a Swedish diplomat. Alströmer began his diplomatic career in 1908 at the Swedish Ministry for Foreign Affairs, rising to first secretary by the end of that year. During World War I, he served as acting head of the Ministry's Legal Division and later took on key international roles, including chargé d'affaires in London (1918–1919) and diplomatic postings in Paris and Kristiania (now Oslo). In 1921, he was appointed resident minister and head of the personnel and administrative department at the Ministry, followed by positions as consul general in Shanghai and envoy to Switzerland, Vienna, and Budapest. He represented Sweden at several international conferences, including those of the Red Cross, and participated in trade negotiations with Greece and Romania.

Swedish Royal Jubilee Commemorative Medals
The Kingdom of Sweden has a long history of awarding royal commemorative insignia. The oldest is the medal awarded to the godparents of Crown Prince Gustav Adolf in 1778. The majority of these medals celebrate birthdays, jubilees, coronations, and weddings within the royal family of Sweden.

Royal commemorative medals are categorized in to Category C in the Swedish order of wear, meaning they are worn after the Royal Order of the Seraphim and all war decorations.
Germán Cueto
Germán Cueto (February 8 or 9, 1883 – February 14, 1975) was a Mexican artist. He was part of the initial wave of artistic activity following the Mexican Revolution. However, his stay in Europe from 1927 to 1932 moved him into more European and more abstract work, especially sculpture. While he had a number of exhibitions in Mexico during his life including a retrospective at the Museo de Arte Moderno in 1965, he did not have the kind of success that many of his contemporaries did as he did not follow the then dominant themes or styles of Mexican muralism movement. His work was considered to be avant-garde and is considered to be the first Mexican abstract artist, creating masks and sculptures of wood, wire, plastic, sheet metal, ceramic, electrical wire and other materials, traditional and non-traditional.

Constantin Brâncuși
Constantin Brâncuși (Romanian: [konstanˈtin brɨŋˈkuʃʲ] ⓘ; February 19, 1876 – March 16, 1957) was a Romanian sculptor, painter, and photographer who made his career in France.  Considered one of the most influential sculptors of the 20th century and a pioneer of modernism, Brâncuși is called the patriarch of modern sculpture. As a child, he displayed an aptitude for carving wooden farm tools. Formal studies took him first to Bucharest, then to Munich, then to the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris from 1905 to 1907. His art emphasizes clean geometrical lines that balance forms inherent in his materials with the symbolic allusions of representational art. Brâncuși sought inspiration in non-European cultures as a source of primitive exoticism, as did Paul Gauguin, Pablo Picasso, André Derain, and others. However, other influences emerge from Romanian folk art traceable through Byzantine and Dionysian traditions.
Renfrew County District School Board
The Renfrew County District School Board (RCDSB, known as English-language Public District School Board No. 28 prior to 1999) is the administrative body overseeing the operations of the primary and secondary schools in the County of Renfrew in Ontario, Canada. The administrative office is located in Pembroke, Ontario. Whilst Valour school being the biggest out of the county, located in Petawawa Ontario

Pembroke, Ontario
Pembroke (/ˈpɛmbrʊk/ PEM-brook) is a city in eastern Ontario, Canada, located at the confluence of the Muskrat River and the Ottawa River in the Ottawa Valley. It lies approximately 145 kilometres (90 mi) northwest of Ottawa. It serves as the county seat of Renfrew County and functions as a regional administrative, judicial, healthcare, and commercial centre for surrounding communities, independent of the county government.

Historically, Pembroke developed as an important centre of the Ottawa Valley lumber trade, a role that shaped its early growth and institutional development. As of the 2021 Census, the city had a population of 14,364.
Philippe Van Dievoet
Sire Philippe Van Dievoet (/ˈdiːvʊt/) called Vandive (/vɒ̃dɪv/), écuyer, (1654 – 1738) was a celebrated goldsmith and jeweller. He was goldsmith to King Louis XIV, councillor of the King, officier de la Garde Robe du Roi (officer of the King's wardrobe), trustee of the Hôtel de ville of Paris, and Consul of Paris.

Goldsmith
A goldsmith is a metalworker who specializes in working with gold and other precious metals. Modern goldsmiths mainly specialize in jewelry-making but historically, they have also made silverware, platters, goblets, decorative and serviceable utensils, and ceremonial or religious items.

Goldsmiths must be skilled in forming metal through filing, soldering, sawing, forging, casting, and polishing. The trade has very often included jewelry-making skills, as well as the very similar skills of the silversmith. Traditionally, these skills had been passed along through apprenticeships; more recently jewelry arts schools, specializing in teaching goldsmithing and a multitude of skills falling under the jewelry arts umbrella, are available. Many universities and junior colleges also offer goldsmithing, silversmithing, and metal arts fabrication as a part of their fine arts curriculum.
Julio Álvarez
Julio Álvarez Mosquera (born 1 May 1981) is a Venezuelan former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

He appeared in 98 La Liga games over five seasons (14 goals), representing Racing de Santander, Rayo Vallecano, Murcia, Almería and Mallorca. In addition, he played 376 matches in the Segunda División, mainly at the service of Numancia.

After competing for Spain at youth level, Álvarez represented Venezuela internationally.

2007–08 Segunda División
The 2007–08 season was the 77th in the history of the Segunda División (known as the Liga BBVA for sponsorship reasons), the second tier of the Spanish football league system. The first matches of the season were played on 25 August 2007, and the season ended on 15 June 2008. Celta de Vigo, Real Sociedad, and Gimnàstic de Tarragona were the teams which were relegated from La Liga the previous season. Racing de Ferrol, Eibar, Sevilla Atlético, and Córdoba were the teams which were promoted from Segunda División B the previous season.

The first goal of the season was scored by Joseba del Olmo, who scored an 18th-minute goal for Eibar against Racing de Ferrol in the early kick-off. The first red card of the competition was given to Miguel Cobas of Las Palmas after a challenge on Numancia's Gorka Brit. The first hat-trick was scored by Yordi in the match between Xerez and Hércules.
Suleiman Abdul Rahman
Suleiman bin Abdul Rahman (27 February 1912 – 6 November 1963) was a Malaysian politician who served as Minister of the Interior (1959–1961) and Malaysian High Commissioner to Australia from 1961 until his death on 6 November 1963. He was the eldest son of Abdul Rahman Mohamed Yassin, 1st President of the Dewan Negara (1959–1968) and the brother of Ismail Abdul Rahman, 2nd Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia (1970–1973).

Minister of Home Affairs (Malaysia)
The current position for Malaysian Minister of Home Affairs (Malay: Menteri Dalam Negeri; Jawi: منتري دالم نڬري‎) is hold by Saifuddin Nasution Ismail since 3 December 2022. The minister is supported by the Deputy Ministers of Home Affairs, Shamsul Anuar Nasarah, since 17 December 2025. The Minister administers the portfolio through the Ministry of Home Affairs.
2 Chronicles 26
2 Chronicles 26 is the twenty-sixth chapter of the Second Book of Chronicles the Old Testament in the Christian Bible or of the second part of the Books of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible. The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had the final shape established in late fifth or fourth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the kingdom of Judah until its destruction by the Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar and the beginning of restoration under Cyrus the Great of Persia  (2 Chronicles 10 to 36). The focus of this chapter is the reign of Uzziah, king of Judah.

2 Chronicles 10
2 Chronicles 10 is the tenth chapter of the Second Book of Chronicles the Old Testament in the Christian Bible or of the second part of the Books of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible. The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had the final shape established in late fifth or fourth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the kingdom of Judah until its destruction by the Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar and the beginning of restoration under Cyrus the Great of Persia  (2 Chronicles 10 to 36). The focus of this chapter is the kingdom of Israel's division in the beginning of Rehoboam's reign.
Guzamala
GuzamalaListenⓘ is a Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Gudumbali. It is located approximately 125 kilometres north of the state capital, Maiduguri.
It has an area of 2,517 km2 and a population of 95,648 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 612.

It is a part of the traditional Borno Emirate.

This Local Government Area is located very close to the northern axis of Borno state. It is bordered by six LGAs. These LGAs are Mobbar, Gubio, Nganzai, Monguno, Kukawa and Abadan LGAs.

Mobbar
MobbarListenⓘ is a Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Damasak.

It has an area of 2,790 km2 and a population of 116,654 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 602.

It is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno Emirate, a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
Boncuklu Tarla
Boncuklu Tarla (meaning "beaded field", in Turkish) is an archaeological site in the Southeastern Anatolia of Turkey. It is the remains of a settlement occupied from the Late Epipalaeolithic to Pre-Pottery Neolithic B periods, starting over 12,000 years ago. It was discovered in 2008 during an archaeological survey in advance of the construction of the Ilısu Dam and has been excavated by a team from Mardin Museum since 2012.

The discovery of a large communal building with stone pillars was reported at Boncuklu Tarla in 2019, prompting comparisons to the Taş Tepeler culture site of Göbekli Tepe. It is an early example of rectangular plan architecture. The excavators also claimed to have found a sewer system, which if confirmed would be the oldest known in the world.

Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) is part of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic, a Neolithic culture centered in upper Mesopotamia and the Levant, dating to c. 10,800 – c. 8,500 years ago, that is, 8800–6500 BC. It was typed by British archaeologist Kathleen Kenyon during her archaeological excavations at Jericho in the West Bank, territory of Palestine.

Like the earlier PPNA people, the PPNB culture developed from the Mesolithic Natufian culture. However, it shows evidence of having more northerly origins, possibly indicating an influx from the region of northeastern Anatolia.
Scrapbook (The Limousines EP)
Scrapbook is an EP and the first physical release by electropop band The Limousines, It was released in late 2009 on dual 7″ white vinyl gatefold with a passcode for an MP3 download. It was limited pressing of 500 hand numbered copies, the first 50 people who ordered were also sent polaroid photographs shot by the band and all pre-orders were signed by the band. The EP was released digitally worldwide through iTunes Store, Amazon and Lala.com It's the first music release by Eric Victorino's company Orchard City Books & Noise and the first release under the imprint MAKEYOUSICK, based in the Bay Area. In January 2012, Scrapbook was re-released in CD format and featured two bonus tracks: "To Be Adored," previously released in 2010 as a promotional single to their debut album Get Sharp, and "Short'n Sweet".

Get Sharp
Get Sharp is the debut album by electropop group The Limousines. It was released on July 27, 2010, through iTunes and Hot Topic on indie label Orchard City Books and Noise. The album features the songs "Very Busy People" and "Internet Killed the Video Star", the latter being an allusion to the Buggles hit "Video Killed the Radio Star."
2013 Denmark Super Series Premier
The 2013 Denmark Super Series Premier is the ninth super series tournament of the 2013 BWF Super Series. The tournament was held in Odense, Denmark from October 15–20, 2013 and had a total purse of $400,000. A qualification was held to fill four places in three of the five disciplines of the main draws.

2013 BWF Super Series
The 2013 BWF Super Series was the seventh season of the BWF Super Series. The season started with a Super Series Premier in Korea and ended in Hong Kong. The Masters Finals was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Uruguaysuchidae
Uruguaysuchidae is a family of notosuchian crocodyliforms that lived in South America and Africa during the Cretaceous period. It was formally defined under the PhyloCode in 2024 as "the most inclusive clade containing Uruguaysuchus aznarezi but not Baurusuchus pachecoi, Peirosaurus torminni, Mahajangasuchus insignis, Notosuchus terrestris, and Crocodylus niloticus." Below is a modified cladogram that depicts the preferred reference phylogeny, chosen from Fernández Dumont et al. (2020):

Baurusuchus
Baurusuchus is an extinct genus of baurusuchid mesoeucrocodylian, which lived in Brazil from 90 to 83.5 million years ago, in the Late Cretaceous period. It was a terrestrial predator, estimated to reach up to 113.4 kilograms (250 lb) in weight. Baurusuchus lived during the Turonian to Santonian stages of the Late Cretaceous Period, in Adamantina Formation, Brazil. It gets its name from the Brazilian Bauru Group ("Bauru crocodile"). It was related to the earlier-named Cynodontosuchus rothi, which was smaller, with weaker dentition. The three species are B. pachecoi, named after Eng Joviano Pacheco, its discoverer, B. salgadoensis (named after General Salgado County in São Paulo, Brazil) and B. albertoi (named after Alberto Barbosa de Carvalho, Brazilian paleontologist). The latter species is disputed (see phylogeny section). Its relatives include the similarly sized Stratiotosuchus from the Adamantina Formation, and Pabweshi, from the Pakistani Pab Formation.
MS Côte D'Albâtre
MS Côte D'Albâtre is a RO-RO passenger ferry currently operated by DFDS Seaways France between Newhaven in the UK and Dieppe in France. She was originally built in 2006 for Transmanche Ferries which was then dissolved into LD Lines, which then merged their channel interests with DFDS Seaways to form DFDS Seaways France. Cote D'Albatre has one sister ship which is the MS Seven Sisters which had previously operated between Portsmouth in the UK and Le Havre in France but joined Cote D'Albatre in Dieppe in 2015. She is also identical to several other ships operated by Balearia and Navairas ARMAS in Spain.

DFDS Seaways France
DFDS Seaways France, trading as DFDS Seaways, and formerly known as New Channel Company A/S, is the trading name of the ferry services across the Dover Strait and English Channel operated by DFDS Seaways and formerly operated by LD Lines. Travel time is around 90 minutes.
Prosecutor's office of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea
The Prosecutor's office of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukrainian: Прокуратура Автономної Республіки Крим та міста Севастополя) is a State Government Body that is part of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. From 2014 to 2021 it sent over 300 indictments to court and, as at December 2025, had sent 837 indictments over the previous 5 years. According to the Acting Prosecutor General's decree No33 dated June 12, 2014, the Prosecutor's office of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea was temporarily relocated to Kyiv.

Criminal procedure
Criminal procedure is the adjudication process of the criminal law. While criminal procedure differs dramatically by jurisdiction, the process generally begins with a formal criminal charge with the person on trial either being free on bail or incarcerated, and results in the conviction or acquittal of the defendant. Criminal procedure can be either in form of inquisitorial or adversarial criminal procedure.
Uniform boundedness conjecture for rational points
In arithmetic geometry, the uniform boundedness conjecture for rational points asserts that for a given number field  and a positive integer , there exists a number  depending only on  and  such that for any algebraic curve  defined over  having genus equal to  has at most  -rational points. This is a refinement of Faltings's theorem, which asserts that the set of -rational points  is necessarily finite.

Arithmetic geometry
In mathematics, arithmetic geometry is roughly the application of techniques from algebraic geometry to problems in number theory. Arithmetic geometry is centered around Diophantine geometry, the study of rational points of algebraic varieties.

In more abstract terms, arithmetic geometry can be defined as the study of schemes of finite type over the spectrum of the ring of integers.
History of neurology and neurosurgery
The study of neurology and neurosurgery dates back to prehistoric times, but the academic disciplines did not begin until the 16th century. The formal organization of the medical specialties of neurology and neurosurgery are relatively recent, taking place in Europe and the United States only in the 20th century with the establishment of professional societies distinct from internal medicine, psychiatry and general surgery. From an observational science they developed a systematic way of approaching the nervous system and possible interventions in neurological disease.

Andreas Vesalius
Andries van Wezel (31 December 1514 – 15 October 1564), latinized as Andreas Vesalius (/vɪˈseɪliəs/), was an anatomist and physician who wrote De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem (On the fabric of the human body in seven books), which is considered one of the most influential books on human anatomy and a major advance over the long-dominant work of Galen. Vesalius is often referred to as the founder of modern human anatomy. He was born in Brussels, which was then part of the Habsburg Netherlands. He was a professor at the University of Padua (1537–1542) and later became Imperial physician at the court of Emperor Charles V.
Puerto Rico Highway 186
Puerto Rico Highway 186 (PR-186) is a road that travels from Canóvanas, Puerto Rico to Río Grande through the western side of El Yunque National Forest. This highway begins at PR-185 between Hato Puerco and Lomas barrios and ends at PR-3 in Guzmán Abajo.

Puerto Rico Highway 186 by municipality

Northbound sign in Cubuy, Canóvanas

Northbound sign in Guzmán Arriba, Río Grande

Puerto Rico Highway 185
Puerto Rico Highway 185 (PR-185) is a main highway that connects Canóvanas, Puerto Rico to Juncos, Puerto Rico and is about 25 kilometers long. It begins in downtown of Canóvanas, very close to Puerto Rico Highway 3 and ends in Puerto Rico Highway 952 and Puerto Rico Highway 30 in Juncos.
Valvulinidae
The Valvulinidae is a family of Paleocene to recent benthic textulariid Foraminifera characterized by trochospiral tests in the early stage which may become uniserial in the later. Walls are of cemented agglutinated material and have cavities created by micro-tubules, i.e. are canaliculate. Apertures have a valvular tooth or flap, at least in early stage, but may become multiple and areal in the later stage.

Three subfamilies have been defined, the  Valvulininae, Siphobigenerininae, and Tritaxilininae.

Textulariida
The Textulariida are an order of foraminifera that produce agglutinated shells or tests. An agglutinated test is one made of foreign particles glued together with an organic or calcareous cement to form an external shell on the outside of the organism.  Commonly, the order had been made up of all species of Foraminifera with these types of shells, but genetic studies indicate these organisms do not form an evolutionary group, and several superfamilies in the order have been moved to the order Allogromiida.  The remaining forms are sometimes divided into three orders: the Trochamminida and Lituolida, which have organic cement, and the Textulariida sensu stricto, which use a calcareous cement.  All three orders or superfamilies are known as fossils from the Cambrian onwards.
Malasar Peak
Malasar Peak (Bulgarian: връх Маласар, romanized: vrah Malasar, IPA: [ˈvrɤx mɐɫɐˈsar]) is the partly ice-free peak in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica rising to 2841 m on the side ridge that trends 9.15 km from Mount Dalrymple on the main crest of northern Sentinel Range east-northeastwards to Robinson Pass.  It surmounts Embree Glacier to the southeast and Sabazios Glacier to the north.

The peak is named after the ancient and medieval fortress of Malasar in Southern Bulgaria.

Ellsworth Mountains
The Ellsworth Mountains are the highest mountain ranges in Antarctica, forming a 350 km (217 mi) long and 48 km (30 mi) wide chain of mountains in a north to south configuration on the western margin of the Ronne Ice Shelf in Marie Byrd Land. They are bisected by Minnesota Glacier to form the Sentinel Range to the north and the Heritage Range to the south. The former is by far the higher and more spectacular with Mount Vinson (4,892 meters (16,050 ft)) constituting the highest point on the continent. The mountains are located within the Chilean Antarctic territorial claim but outside of the Argentinian and British ones.