hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vezneciler (Istanbul Metro)
Vezneciler is a station on the M2 line of the Istanbul Metro. The station is located under Şehzadebaşı Street and 16 Mart Şehitleri Street in the historical Fatih district of Istanbul. Opened on 16 March 2014, Vezneciler is the most recently opened station on the M2 line. During the inauguration the station was dedicated to Ottoman police officers who were killed during a conflict with British forces during the Occupation of Constantinople in 1920. Istanbul University's main campus, Beyazıt Square and the Şehzade Mosque are a few landmarks in the vicinity of the station. On 7 June 2016, a bomb reportedly targeting a police bus struck around this station.

Beyazıt Square
Beyazıt Square (Turkish: Beyazıt Meydanı) lies to the north of Ordu Caddesi in the district of Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey. Officially named Freedom Square (Hürriyet Meydanı), it is more generally known as Beyazıt Square after the early Ottoman Bayezid II Mosque on one side. The square is the former site of the Forum of Theodosius (AKA Forum Tauri) built by Constantine the Great. In 1960 with the proposal of Turgut Cansever, Beyazıt Square was given a new form but the project was not completed. In 2022 Beyazit Square was entirely re-organised according to the urban design project prepared by Ali Kural and Deniz Çalış Kural.
Varaal (film)
Varaal is a 2022 Indian Malayalam-language political drama film written by Anoop Menon and directed by Kannan Thamarakulam. The film stars an ensemble cast including Anoop Menon, Prakash Raj, Sunny Wayne, Madhuri Braganza, Priyanka Nair, Sai Kumar, Jayakrishnan, Suresh Krishna, Shankar Ramakrishnan, Hareesh Peradi, Gowri Nandha, Kollam Tulasi, Renji Panicker, Senthil Krishna, Nandu and Sohan Seenulal. It is produced by PA Sebastian under the banner of Time Ads Entertainment.

Anoop Menon
Anoop Menon (born 3 August 1976) is an Indian actor, director, screenwriter and lyricist. He worked in television before acting in Malayalam films and has acted in more than 75 films.

Menon won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Supporting Actor and also the Filmfare Award for his performance as the fictional movie star Ajayachandran  in Thirakkatha. He wrote the screenplay and dialogue for films such as  Pakal Nakshatrangal (2008), Cocktail (2010), Beautiful (2011), Trivandrum Lodge (2012), and Hotel California (2013). He became a director with his debut  King Fish Malayalam movie in 2021. He directed a film named Padma released in 2022.
Cadaveria
Cadaveria, real name Raffaella Rivarolo (born 31 May 1972), is an Italian musician famous for being one of the first women to enter the extreme metal scene in the early 1990s, as former vocalist and keyboard player of the symphonic black metal band Opera IX.

Split album
A split album (or split) is a music album that includes tracks by two or more separate artists. Split albums differ from "various artists" compilation albums in that they generally include several tracks of each artist, or few artists with one or two tracks each, instead of multiple artists with only one or two tracks each. There are also singles and EPs of the same variety, which are often called "split singles" and "split EPs" respectively.
Polymetme thaeocoryla
Polymetme thaeocoryla is a species of fish in the family Phosichthyidae (lightfish).

Its specific name is an anagram of the similar species, Polymetme corythaeola. It has no common name in English, but in Spanish is called luciérnaga musculosa ("muscular lightfish") and in French luisant grand feu ("gleaming [fish of] great fire").

Phosichthyidae
Lightfishes are small stomiiform fishes in the family Phosichthyidae They are bioluminescent fishes, possessing rows of photophores along their sides, with which they hunt planktonic invertebrates, especially krill, copepods, and planktonic amphipods.

In the past, a number of morphologically similar genera were classified in this family. However, a 2025 phylogenetic study found the latter family to be paraphyletic as previously described, comprising a number of distantly related genera from across the Stomiiformes. Due to this, the family was redefined as containing just three species in two genera.

The following genera are placed in this family:

Phosichthys Hutton, 1872

Woodsia Grey, 1959

The earliest fossils of lightfishes are of the genus †Solterichthys Calzoni, Giusberti & Carnevale, 2025 from the Early Eocene of Italy.

They are very small fishes found in oceans throughout the world: most species grow no longer than 10 cm.
Charleston Union Station Company
The Charleston Union Station Company was a railroad company based in Charleston, South Carolina, that operated throughout much of the 20th century.

The Charleston Union Station Company was chartered by the South Carolina General Assembly in 1902 to acquire and operate terminal facilities in Charleston. Construction was begun in 1905 and the company was open for operation in November 1907.

The Charleston Union Station Company owned and operated a passenger station in Charleston. It also owned and used nearly one-third of a mile of track and a little more than two miles of yard tracks and sidings.

The Charleston Union Station Company was controlled by the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad and the Southern Railway.

The station was on the corner of East Bay and Columbus Streets and burned in early 1947. Some time later the site area was sold to the South Carolina State Ports Authority, which continues to use it.

The company continued for many years after the loss of the station.

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad
The Atlantic Coast Line Railroad (reporting mark ACL) was a United States Class I railroad formed in 1900, though predecessor railroads had used the ACL brand since 1871. In 1967, it merged with long-time rival Seaboard Air Line Railroad to form the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad. Much of the original ACL network has been part of CSX Transportation since 1986.

The Atlantic Coast Line served the Southeast, with a concentration of lines in Florida. Numerous named passenger trains were operated by the railroad for Florida-bound tourists, with the Atlantic Coast Line contributing significantly to Florida's economic development in the first half of the 20th century.

At the end of 1925, ACL operated 4,924 miles of road, not including its flock of subsidiaries; after some merging, mileage at the end of 1960 was 5,570 not including A&WP, CN&L, East Carolina, Georgia, Rockingham, and V&CS. In 1960, ACL reported 10,623 million net ton-miles of revenue freight and 490 million passenger-miles.
Gemma Davies
Gemma Davies (born 1 July 1991) is an English football manager who is an assistant coach for Bay FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She has previously managed Women's Super League club Aston Villa.

2019–20 FA Women's Championship
The 2019–20 FA Women's Championship was the second season of the rebranded FA Women's Championship, the second tier of women's football in England.  It was renamed from the FA WSL 2 which was founded in 2014. The season began on 18 August 2019.

On 13 March 2020, in line with the FA's response to the coronavirus pandemic, it was announced the season was temporarily suspended until at least 3 April 2020. Following further postponements, the season was ultimately ended prematurely on 25 May 2020 with immediate effect.

On 5 June 2020, Aston Villa, who sat six points clear and had gone unbeaten in the season so far, were awarded the league title and promoted to the WSL on sporting merit after The FA Board's decision to award places on a points-per-game basis. Despite finishing last, Charlton Athletic were spared relegation after the seasons from tier three and below were null and voided  and results had been expunged.
Battle of Shiromoni
The Battle of Shiromoni (Bengali: শিরোমণির যুদ্ধ) (13–17 December 1971) was a battle fought during the Bangladesh War of Independence and the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 between the Pakistan Army and the joint forces of Bangladesh and India. This was one of the last battles of the Bangladesh War of Independence which continued until 17 December 1971, even though the A.A.K. Niazi had already surrendered on 16 December 1971.

Muhammed Abul Manzur
Muhammed Abul Manzur (24 February 1940 – 1 June 1981) was a Bangladeshi military officer who commanded the Bangladesh Forces operations in Sector 8 during the Bangladesh Liberation War against Pakistan in 1971. He was allegedly involved in the assassination of the then-president of Bangladesh, Ziaur Rahman. Former Prime Minister Khaleda Zia (President Ziaur’s widow) accused Hussain Muhammad Ershad of orchestrating President Ziaur’s assassination as well as Manzur's murder. In 1995, Manzur's older brother filed a case to investigate Manzur's murder, with Ershad named as the prime suspect in the case.
He had been awarded the Bir Uttam by the Bangladeshi government for his actions in the Bangladesh Liberation War. At the time of his death, he was the general officer commanding (GOC) of the 24th Infantry Division headquartered at Chittagong.
Cleveland Johnson
Cleveland Thomas Johnson (born November 3, 1955) is an American academic, administrator, music historian, and early-music performer. He retired as President/CEO of the Morris Museum (Morristown, New Jersey) in 2022. Previously, he was Director of the National Music Museum (2012-2017, Vermillion, South Dakota), Executive Director of the Thomas J. Watson Fellowship (2008-2012, New York, New York), Dean of the School of Music at DePauw University (2006-2008, Greencastle, Indiana), Professor of Music at DePauw University (1985-2012), and Music Librarian at Old Dominion University (1983-1985; Norfolk, Virginia). DePauw University awarded him the title, Professor Emeritus of Music, in 2012.

Groningse Bachvereniging
The Groningse Bachvereniging was a Dutch semi-professional mixed choir, which existed from 1945 to 1989 and was known for its performances of Baroque music in historically informed performance. It was founded by Johan van der Meer and conducted by him until 1982.
Murgleys
Murglais, Murgleis or Murgleys, (possibly "Death brand") is the sword of Ganelon, a traitorous French (Frankish) count and nemesis to the titular hero of the epic La chanson de Roland (The Song of Roland).

According to the French version, its "golden pommel (l'orie punt)" held some kind of a holy "relic".

In the Middle High German adaptation (Konrad der Pfaffe's Rolandslied) the sword is called Mulagir, touted to be the "best short sword in all of France", described as having a carbuncle on its pommel that shone bright by night, forged by a smith named Madelger in Regensburg. It had belonged to Naimes who brought it out of his fiefdom of Bavaria and presented it to Karl(Charlemagne), but unfortunately Ganelon took possession of it and carried it to the Saracen side.

Song of Roland
The Song of Roland (French: La Chanson de Roland) is an 11th-century chanson de geste based on the deeds of the Frankish military leader Roland at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass in AD 778, during the reign of Charlemagne. It is the oldest surviving major work of French literature. It exists in various manuscript versions, which testify to its enormous and enduring popularity in Medieval and Renaissance literature from the 12th to the 16th centuries.

It is an epic poem written in Old French and is the first example of the chanson de geste, a literary form that flourished between the 11th and 16th centuries in Medieval Europe and celebrated legendary deeds. An early version was composed around AD 1040, with additions and alterations made up to about AD 1115. The final poem contains about 4,000 lines.
1988 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira
The 1988 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was the 10th edition of the Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira, the annual Portuguese football season-opening match contested by the winners of the previous season's top league and cup competitions (or cup runner-up in case the league- and cup-winning club is the same). The 1988 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira was contested over two legs, and opposed Porto and Vitória de Guimarães of the Primeira Liga. Porto qualified for the SuperCup by winning the 1987–88 Primeira Divisão and the 1987–88 Taça de Portugal, whilst Vitória de Guimarães qualified for the Supertaça by being the cup-runner.

The first leg which took place at the Estádio D. Afonso Henriques, saw Vitória de Guimarães defeat Porto 2–0. The second leg which took place at the Estádio das Antas saw a 0–0 scoreline (2–0 on aggregate), which claimed the Vimaranenses a first Supertaça.

Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira
The Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsupɛɾ ˈtasɐ ˈkɐ̃diðu ðɨ ɔliˈvɐjɾɐ]; English: Cândido de Oliveira Super Cup, or simply Portuguese Super Cup) is an annual Portuguese football match played since 1979 between the winners of the top-tier league (Primeira Liga) and cup (Taça de Portugal) competitions.a The match and trophy are named after former Portuguese player, coach and sports journalist Cândido de Oliveira. Recognised and organised by the Portuguese Football Federation since 1981, the Supertaça is usually played in August, before the start of the league season.
Flag of Oman
The national flag of Oman (Arabic: علم عُمان) consists of two horizontal stripes of upper white and lower green, separated by a red horizontal "T" shape in the centre that contains the national emblem of Oman (crossed swords over a khanjar, a traditional curved dagger).

White has been associated historically with the Imam, the religious leader of Oman, and at times the political rival to the ruling Sultan. It also symbolizes peace. Green is traditionally associated with the Jabal al-Akdar, or "Green Mountains," which lie toward the north of the country. Red is a common color in Gulf state flags. The national emblem is said to date back to the 18th century. A curved dagger is fastened over a pair of crossed swords. An ornate horsebit links the weapons and culture.

Muscat and Oman
The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (Arabic: سلطنة مسقط وعمان, romanized: Salṭanat Masqaṭ wa-‘Umān), also known briefly as the State of Muscat and Oman (Arabic: دولة مسقط وعمان, romanized: Dawlat Masqaṭ wa-‘Umān) during the rule of Taimur bin Faisal, was a sovereign state that encompassed the present-day Sultanate of Oman and parts of present-day United Arab Emirates and Pakistan, in the second half of the 19th century and 20th century.

In 1856, upon the death of the last ruler of the Omani Empire, Said bin Sultan, the empire split into two separate political entities: the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman and the Sultanate of Zanzibar. The former continued to be led by the Al Busaid dynasty, but transitioned into a new form of government after the palace coup of 23 July 1970 in which the sultan Said bin Taimur was immediately deposed in favour of his son Qaboos bin Said. The current Sultanate of Oman is the direct successor to the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman.
Even code
A binary linear code is called an even code if the Hamming weight of each of its codewords is even. An even code should have a generator polynomial that includes the (x+1) minimal polynomial as a product. Furthermore, a binary code is called doubly even if the Hamming weight of all its codewords is divisible by 4. An even code which is not doubly even is said to be strictly even.

Examples of doubly even codes are the extended binary Hamming code of block length 8 and the extended binary Golay code of block length 24. These two codes are, in addition, self-dual.

This article incorporates material from even code on PlanetMath, which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

Hamming weight
The Hamming weight of a string is the number of symbols that are different from the zero-symbol of the alphabet used. It is thus equivalent to the Hamming distance from the all-zero string of the same length. For the most typical case, a given set of bits, this is the number of bits set to 1, or the digit sum of the binary representation of a given number and the ℓ₁ norm of a bit vector. In this binary case, it is also called the population count, popcount, sideways sum, or bit summation.
Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland
The Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland, established in 1672, is an official register of Scottish coats of arms maintained by the Lyon Clerk and Keeper of the Records. As a public register, it can be seen by anyone on application, and on payment of a statutory fee.

Lord Lyon King of Arms
The Right Honourable the Lord Lyon King of Arms, the head of Lyon Court, is the most junior of the Great Officers of State in Scotland and is the Scottish official with responsibility for regulating heraldry in that country, issuing new grants of arms, and serving as the judge of the Court of the Lord Lyon, the oldest heraldic court in the world that is still in daily operation.

The historic title of the post was the High Sennachie, and he was given the title of Lord Lyon from the lion in the coat of arms of Scotland.

The post was in the early nineteenth century held by an important nobleman, the Earl of Kinnoull, whose functions were in practice carried out by the Lyon-Depute. The practice of appointing Lyon-Deputes, however, ceased in 1866.
Eros (cat)
Eros (2018 – 1 January 2024) was a stray cat, who lived in a housing complex in Başakşehir, Istanbul, Turkey. Eros was subjected to torture and killed by an individual named İbrahim Keloğlan, who also resided in the same complex. The subsequent legal proceedings, including a reduction in the sentence with good behavior and a deferred sentence, sparked public outrage and led to protest demonstrations across various cities in Turkey.

Başakşehir
Başakşehir is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 107 km2, and its population is 514,900 (2022). It is in the European part of Istanbul. The district is home to İstanbul Başakşehir F.K., a football team competing in the Süper Lig. It also includes Ibn Haldun University and Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital. Additionally, the district features Bahçeşehir, one of Turkey's early suburban residential development projects. Notable sports venues in the district include Atatürk Olympic Stadium and Başakşehir Fatih Terim Stadium. BBC News has referred to Başakşehir as a primary hub for the middle and upper-class conservative demographic in Turkey. This description is based on the concept of the WASP model, emphasizing the district's representation of a particular sociocultural identity and lifestyle associated with conservative values in urban spaces.
British NVC community M22
NVC community M22 is one of the mire communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system, characterised by a sward of blunt-flowered rush with other rushes, grasses, sedges and wetland plants, in calcareous wet meadows. It is a form of pasture found around springs, flushes and in river valley wetlands, and it is one of three rush pasture communities in the NVC. It was once quite widespread in the English lowlands but is now rare and localised.

Briza media
Briza media is a perennial grass in the family Poaceae and is a species of the genus Briza.

Common name includes quaking-grass, common quaking grass, cow-quake, didder, dithering-grass, dodder-grass, doddering dillies, doddle-grass, earthquakes, jiggle-joggles, jockey-grass, lady's-hair, maidenhair-grass, pearl grass, quakers, quakers-and-shakers, shaking-grass, tottergrass, and wag-wantons.
Alex Vermeulen
SOH Alex Vermeulen, SOHQ, formerly known under the name Alex Vermeulen, is a Dutch artist known for his multimedia projects, films. film books and music.

SOH Alex Vermeulen is a contemporary Dutch multi-media artist who has worked under his own name as well as SOH-States of Humanity and Syndicaat Alex Vermeulen. Since 2015, he has worked exclusively under the name SOH Alex Vermeulen.

His work includes film books, films, performances, sculptures, installations, and contemporary music. A longtime resident of Amsterdam, in recent years, Vermeulen has divided his time between Amsterdam, the island of Bali, and Brooklyn, New York.

Eindhoven University of Technology
The Eindhoven University of Technology (Dutch: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven; TU/e) is a public technical university in the Netherlands, situated in Eindhoven. In 2020–21, around 14,000 students were enrolled in its BSc and MSc programs and around 1350 students were enrolled in its PhD and EngD programs. In 2021, the TU/e employed around 3900 people.

TU/e is the Dutch member of the EuroTech Universities Alliance, a partnership of European universities of science & technology. The other members are Technical University of Denmark (DTU), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), École Polytechnique (L’X), The Technion, and Technical University of Munich (TUM).
Sharp Peak
Sharp Peak (Chinese: 蚺蛇尖), or Nam She Tsim, is a hill inside Sai Kung East Country Park, north of Tai Long Wan, in the Sai Kung Peninsula in Hong Kong. It is particularly well known for its well-defined sharp peak, which rises to a height of 468 metres (1,535 ft) above sea level. The hill is reasonably hard for hikers because of its steep rocky terrain and should only be attempted in good weather with correct equipment.

Tai Long Wan, Sai Kung
Tai Long Wan (Chinese: 大浪灣; lit. 'Big Wave Bay') is a 3 kilometer-wide bay on the east coast of the Sai Kung Peninsula in Sai Kung District, Hong Kong. Considered one of the most beautiful places in Hong Kong, it is a popular surf destination.
Albin Countergambit, Lasker Trap
The Lasker Trap is a chess opening trap in the Albin Countergambit. It is named after Emanuel Lasker, although it was first noted by Serafino Dubois. It is unusual in that it features an underpromotion as early as the seventh move.

Chess annotation symbols
When annotating chess games, commentators frequently use widely recognized annotation symbols. Question marks and exclamation points that denote a move as bad or good are ubiquitous in chess literature. Some publications intended for an international audience, such as the Chess Informant, have a wide range of additional symbols that transcend language barriers.

The common symbols for evaluating the merits of a move are "??", "?", "?!", "!?", "!", and "!!". The chosen symbol is appended to the text describing the move (e.g. Re7? or Kh1!?); see Algebraic chess notation.

Use of these annotation symbols is subjective, as different annotators use the same symbols differently or for a different reason.
Chryseobacterium frigidisoli
Chryseobacterium frigidisoli  is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, psychrotolerant and aerobic bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium which has been isolated from the permafrost of a glacier from the Larsemann Hills in Antarctica.

Chryseobacterium
Chryseobacterium is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. Chryseobacterium species are chemoorganotrophic, rod shape gram-negative bacteria. Chryseobacterium form typical yellow-orange color colonies due to flexirubin-type pigment. The genus contains more than 100 described species from diverse habitats, including freshwater sources, soil, marine fish, and human hosts.
Gliophorus reginae
Gliophorus reginae is a species of agaric (gilled mushroom) in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of jubilee waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Waxcap grassland
Waxcap grassland is a type of short-sward, nutrient-poor grassland that supports a diverse range of larger fungi, particularly waxcaps (species of Hygrocybe and related genera), which are characteristic of such habitats.  Waxcap grasslands are principally found in Europe, where they are declining due to agricultural practices. Consequently, the fungal species are of conservation concern, and efforts have been made in the United Kingdom and elsewhere to protect both the grasslands and their characteristic fungi. Thirty European species of waxcap grassland fungi are currently assessed as globally "vulnerable" or "endangered" on the IUCN Red List of threatened species.