hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
San Jose Mercury News West Magazine
San Jose Mercury News West Magazine, also referred to as West and West Magazine, was a Sunday magazine published by San Jose Mercury News from 1982 to c. 1997. West Magazine received numerous awards and was recognized both for its articles and investigative journalism, as well as its art design.

The San Jose Mercury News West Magazine was not related to the Los Angeles Times-operated West Magazine, which was published between 1967 and 1972, although its name paid homage to the earlier publication.

Sunday Magazine Editors Association
The Sunday Magazine Editors Association, also referred to as SUNMAG, or Sunmag, was an organization of editors of Sunday newspaper magazines. It represented a majority of the major newspaper magazines in the United States. The organization was formed in 1987 and was dissolved in 2001. Presidents of the organization included editors of newspaper magazines associated with the Boston Globe, The Philadelphia Inquirer, and The Hartford Courant.
Isidorus (crater)
Isidorus is a lunar impact crater that is located to the north of the Mare Nectaris, on the eastern half of the Moon's near side. It was named after Spanish astronomer Saint Isidore of Seville. It forms a pair with the slightly larger Capella, which is attached to the east-northeastern rim. To the west-southwest across the lunar mare are Mädler and the prominent Theophilus.

The rim of Isidorus is circular and somewhat eroded, with several tiny craterlets lying across the northern rim. The interior floor has been resurfaced by lava and is generally level, although it is marked by the small, bowl-shaped crater Isidorus A along the western rim. There is a tiny remnant of a craterlet attached to the northern rim of the latter formation.

Theophilus (crater)
Theophilus is a prominent lunar impact crater that lies between Sinus Asperitatis in the north and Mare Nectaris to the southeast. It partially intrudes into the comparably sized crater Cyrillus to the southwest. To the east is the smaller crater Mädler and further to the south-southeast is Beaumont. It was named after the 4th-century Coptic Pope Theophilus I of Alexandria.

Theophilus, Cyrillus and Catharina form a prominent group of large craters visible on the terminator 5 days after the new moon.
Luminous infrared galaxy
Luminous infrared galaxies or LIRGs are galaxies with luminosities above 1011 L☉. They are also referred to as submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) through their normal method of detection. LIRGs are more abundant than starburst galaxies, Seyfert galaxies and quasi-stellar objects at comparable luminosity. Infrared galaxies emit more energy in the infrared than at all other wavelengths combined. A LIRG's luminosity is 100 billion times that of the Sun.

Galaxies with luminosities above 1012 L☉ are known as ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). Galaxies exceeding 1013 L☉ are characterised as hyper-luminous infrared galaxies (HyLIRGs). Those exceeding 1014 L☉ are extremely luminous infrared galaxies (ELIRGs). Many of the LIRGs and ULIRGs are showing interactions and disruptions. Many of these types of galaxies spawn about 100 new stars a year as compared to the Milky Way which spawns one a year; this helps create the high level of luminosity.

Star formation
Star formation is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds in interstellar space—sometimes referred to as "stellar nurseries" or "star-forming regions"—collapse and form stars. As a branch of astronomy, star formation includes the study of the interstellar medium (ISM) and giant molecular clouds (GMC) as precursors to the star formation process, and the study of protostars and young stellar objects as its immediate products.  It is closely related to planet formation, another branch of astronomy.  Star formation theory, as well as accounting for the formation of a single star, must also account for the statistics of binary stars and the initial mass function. Most stars do not form in isolation but as part of a group of stars referred to as star clusters or stellar associations.
Wellington North (New Zealand electorate)
Wellington North was, from 1905 to 1946, a parliamentary electorate within the area encompassing New Zealand's capital, Wellington. The electorate was represented by four members of parliament; the Wellington Central electorate is being renamed Wellington North for the 2026 general election following the 2025 boundary review.

Reform Party (New Zealand)
The Reform Party, formally the New Zealand Political Reform League, was New Zealand's second major political party, having been founded as a conservative response to the original Liberal Party. It was in government between 1912 and 1928, and later formed a coalition with the United Party (a remnant of the Liberals), and then merged with United to form the modern National Party.
Miracle in Seville
Miracle in Seville (1995) is a novel by James A. Michener, the last to be released during his lifetime. (Recessional, however, was the last to be completed.)

In addition to his output of large, multigenerational novels, Michener was also a prolific journalist, traveling around the world and reporting on a variety of issues for peer-reviewed journals and sometimes for individual publication as novels, as was the case with The Bridge at Andau and Iberia. Miracle in Seville is just such a book.

The tale is narrated by Shenstone, an American sports writer who is in Spain to research an article about a disgraced breeder of fighting bulls. He witnesses a miraculous intervention, and a conflict between the Virgin Mary and the fortune teller sister of a matador who may have cursed the rancher's herd.

Iberia (book)
Iberia, by James A. Michener (original title: Iberia: Spanish Travels and Reflections, subtitled Photographs by Robert Vavra), is an illustrated travel book published in April 1968 that details the author's exploration of Spain as it was in the decades leading up to the mid-1960s. In researching the book, Michener visited Spain numerous times over a period of 40 years, also referring to it as his "second home".
Punta Arenas, Peru
Punta Arenas, also known as Punta Arenas Condominium, is a planned community for workers in the oil industry, northern Peru. It is situated on the coastal outskirts of the city of Talara in Piura region, adjoining the south edge of the Talara refinery. Originally built for workers from the US, today it is the property of state-owned Petroperú.

Planned community
A planned community, planned city, planned town, or planned settlement is any community that was carefully planned from its inception and is typically constructed on previously undeveloped land. This contrasts with settlements that evolve organically.

The term new town refers to planned communities of the new towns movement in particular, mainly in the United Kingdom. It was also common in the European colonization of the Americas to build according to a plan either on fresh ground or on the ruins of earlier Native American villages.

A model city is a type of planned city designed to a high standard and intended as a model for others to imitate. The term was first used in 1854.
2021 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 2021 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 2021, to elect the next lieutenant governor of Virginia. Incumbent Democratic Lieutenant Governor Justin Fairfax was eligible to run for a second term, but instead unsuccessfully ran for the Democratic gubernatorial nomination. On November 3, Hala Ayala conceded the race, making Republican Winsome Earle-Sears the first black woman to be elected to the lieutenant governorship of Virginia or any statewide office, as well as the first woman elected lieutenant governor in Virginia's history.

Virginia's 28th House of Delegates district
Virginia's 28th House of Delegates district elects one of 100 seats in the Virginia House of Delegates, the lower house of the state's bicameral legislature. District 28 contains parts of Loudoun County. The seat is currently held by David A. Reid.
Gmina Stoszowice
Gmina Stoszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Ząbkowice Śląskie County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Stoszowice, which lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) west of Ząbkowice Śląskie, and 63 kilometres (39 mi) south of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 109.82 square kilometres (42.4 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 5,383.

Ząbkowice County
Ząbkowice County (Polish: powiat ząbkowicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The county covers an area of 801.75 square kilometres (309.6 sq mi). Its administrative seat is Ząbkowice Śląskie, and it also contains the towns of Ziębice, Złoty Stok and Bardo.

As of 2019 the total population of the county is 65,104. The most populated towns are Ząbkowice Śląskie with 15,004 inhabitants and Ziębice with 8,708 inhabitants.
Columbia (motor vessel)
MV Columbia was a passenger motor vessel that was operated on the Arrow Lakes in British Columbia, Canada from 1948 to 1954. She was the Canadian Pacific Railway Company's last vessel in a long line of ships on the Arrow Lakes and was sold after the retirement of SS Minto to Ivan Horie, who continued a freight service for a few years.

Minto (sternwheeler)
Minto was a sternwheel steamboat that ran on the Arrow Lakes in British Columbia from 1898 to 1954.  In those years of service, Minto had steamed over 3.2 million kilometers serving the small communities on Arrow Lakes.  Minto and her sister Moyie (which ran on Kootenay Lake) were the last sternwheelers to run in regularly scheduled passenger service in the Pacific Northwest.  The "Minto" class of sailing dinghies is named after this vessel.
CBC News 2000 Today
CBC 2000 Today was a CBC News' special programming covering the new millennium celebrations  around the world from December 31, 1999, into January 1, 2000, as part of the 2000 Today programming in Canada. Peter Mansbridge anchored the 25 and a half hours of broadcast from the Canadian Broadcasting Centre in Toronto. CBC temporarily converted the atrium into a type of "Millennium time studios" that included a desk, where a standing Mansbridge spent most of his time, a news studio, where Mansbridge would interview guests, and a makeshift Canadian Broadcasting Centre where CBC News staffers would follow the latest developments.

CBC News
CBC News is the division of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation responsible for the news gathering and production of news programs on the corporation's English-language operations, including CBC Television, CBC Radio, CBC News Network, and CBC.ca. Founded in 1941 by the public broadcaster, CBC News is the largest news broadcaster in Canada and has local, regional, and national broadcasts and stations. It frequently collaborates with its organizationally separate French-language counterpart, Radio-Canada Info.
Rolando de' Rossi
Rolando de' Rossi (c. 1285 – May 1345) was an Italian nobleman and statesman. He was the dominant force in the politics of the commune of Parma from 1322 until 1335, effectively as signore between 1328 and 1331. Under him and his brother, the city accepted the lordship of the King of Bohemia between 1331 and 1333. Ultimately, the failure of his family's political project brought an end Parmesan autonomy. In his later years he was a condottiero for Venice and Florence.

Guelphs and Ghibellines
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (/ˈɡwɛlfs ... ˈɡɪbɪlaɪnz/ GWELFS ... GHIB-il-ynze, US also /-liːnz, -lɪnz/ -⁠eenz, -⁠inz; Italian: guelfi e ghibellini [ˈɡwɛlfi e ɡibelˈliːni, -fj e -]) were factions supporting the pope (Guelphs) and the Holy Roman emperor (Ghibellines) in the Italian city-states of Central and Northern Italy during the Middle Ages. During the 12th and 13th centuries, rivalry between these two parties dominated political life across Italy. The struggle for power between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire arose with the Investiture Controversy, which began in 1075 and ended with the Concordat of Worms in 1122.
Tsarist officers in the Red Army
During the Russian Civil War of 1917–1923, a number of former Tsarist officers joined the Red Army, either voluntarily or as a result of coercion. This list includes officers of the Imperial Russian Army commissioned before 1917 who joined the Bolsheviks as commanders or as military specialists. For former Tsarist NCOs promoted under the Soviets, see Mustang.

Order of Saint Vladimir
The Imperial Order of Saint Prince Vladimir (Russian: орден Святого Владимира) was an Imperial Russian order established on 3 October [O.S. 22 September] 1782 by Empress Catherine II in memory of the deeds of Saint Vladimir, the Grand Prince and the Baptizer of the Kievan Rus'.
Antrim Short
Mark Antrim Short (July 11, 1900 – November 24, 1972) was an American stage and film actor, casting director and talent agent. As a juvenile he enjoyed some success on the Broadway stage, notably appearing as a boy with Mrs. Fiske and Holbrook Blinn in Salvation Nell by Edward Sheldon in 1908. While in his teens he appeared in silent films playing the kind of roles that were made popular by Jack Pickford.

Short was born to two actors, Lew and Estella Short, and his sister was silent actresses Gertrude Short. They were cousins of Blanche Sweet. Short was married to Frances Morris, who is best remembered by TV fans as George Reeves's Earth mother Sarah Kent in The Adventures of Superman.

Short died in Los Angeles November 24, 1972.

George Reeves
George Reeves (born George Keefer Brewer; January 5, 1914 – June 16, 1959) was an American actor. He was best known for portraying Clark Kent/Superman in the television series Adventures of Superman (1952–1958).

His death by gunshot at age 45 remains controversial. The official finding was suicide, but some believe that he was murdered or the victim of an accidental shooting.
2013 European Touring Car Cup
The 2013 FIA European Touring Car Cup was the ninth running of the FIA European Touring Car Cup. It consisted of five events in Italy, Slovakia, Austria and the Czech Republic. The championship was split into three categories: Super 2000, Super 1600, and the Single-Make Trophy for cars such as the SEAT León Supercopa. The Super Production category was abolished for this season. The 2013 season saw the introduction of the Lady Trophy Cup, with the best-placed female driver in either of the categories at each event receiving €10,000 in prize money. Diesel engines were banned from the championship.

European Touring Car Cup
The FIA European Touring Car Cup was an annual touring car racing event, which had been held at various locations across Europe from 2005 to 2017. Unlike in previous years where it was a one-off event, in 2010 the series was a three-round event.
St. Croix River (Maine–New Brunswick)
The St. Croix River (French: Fleuve Sainte-Croix; Maliseet-Passamaquoddy: Skutik) is a river in northeastern North America, 71 miles (114 km) in length, that forms part of the Canada–United States border between Maine (U.S.) and New Brunswick (Canada). The river rises in the Chiputneticook Lakes and flows south and southeast, between Calais and St. Stephen. It discharges into Passamaquoddy Bay, in the Bay of Fundy.

Bay of Fundy
The Bay of Fundy (French: Baie de Fundy) is a bay between the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, with a small portion touching the U.S. state of Maine. It is an arm of the Gulf of Maine and part of the Atlantic Ocean. It has the highest tidal range in the world, averaging about 16 metres (52 ft) due to tidal resonance in its funnel-shaped basin. In one half-day tidal cycle, around 100 billion tonnes (110 billion short tons) of water flows in and out, twice the combined flow of all the world's rivers.
Hickson 44
Hickson Compact Group 44 (HCG 44) is a group of galaxies in the constellation Leo It is situated around 80 million light years from Earth. Also a part of this galaxy group is a galaxy group in Halton Arp's book called Atlas of peculiar galaxies, and this galaxy group is designated as Arp 316.

Leo (constellation)
Leo /ˈliːoʊ/ is one of the constellations of the zodiac, between Cancer, the Crab, to the west and Virgo, the Maiden, to the east. It is located in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for lion, and to the ancient Greeks represented the Nemean Lion killed by the mythical Greek hero Heracles as one of his twelve labors. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♌︎). One of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, Leo remains one of the 88 modern constellations today, and one of the most easily recognizable due to its many bright stars and a distinctive shape that is reminiscent of the crouching lion it depicts.
Gechi
Gechi is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Buno Bedele Zone, Gechi is bordered on the south by Didessa, on the east by the Jimma Zone, on the north by Bedele, and on the east by the Didessa River which separates it from the Jimma Zone. Gechi town is the administrative center of Gechi woreda. Borecha woreda was part of Gechi.

Coffee is an important cash crop of this woreda. Between 20 and 50 square kilometers are planted with this crop.

This woreda was selected by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in 2004 as one of several areas for voluntary resettlement for farmers from overpopulated areas. Gechi became the new home for a total of 17,395 heads of households and 2048 total family members.

Islam in Ethiopia
Islam is the second largest religion in Ethiopia behind Christianity. In 2024, 31.5% of the population was Muslim.

Islam in Ethiopia dates back to the time of Prophet Muhammad; in 615, when a group of Muslims were counseled by Muhammad to escape persecution in Mecca and migrate to the Kingdom of Aksum which was based in Ethiopia and which was ruled by Najashi, a pious Christian king. It is agreed by Islamic scholars that Najashi gave shelter to the Muslim refugees around 615–616 at Axum. Bilal ibn Ribah, the first Muezzin, the person chosen to call the faithful to prayer, and one of the foremost companions of Muhammad, was born in Mecca to an Abyssinian (Ethiopian) mother.
USA Gymnastics National Championships
The USA Gymnastics National Championships is the annual artistic gymnastics national competition held in the United States for elite-level competition. It is currently organized by USA Gymnastics, the governing body for gymnastics in the United States. The national championships have been held since 1963.

Jake Dalton
Jacob William Dalton (born August 19, 1991) is a retired American gymnast who was a member of the Oklahoma Sooners men's gymnastics team and the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team. He represented the United States at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London and 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.
Committee on Alleged German Outrages
The Committee on Alleged German Outrages, often called the Bryce Report after its chair, Viscount James Bryce (1838–1922), is best known for producing the "Report of the Committee on Alleged German Outrages," published on 12 May 1915. The report is seen as a major propaganda form that Britain used in order to influence international public opinion regarding the behaviour of Germany, which had invaded Belgium the year before. It was the first significant publication from the War Propaganda Bureau at Wellington House.

The report was translated by the end of 1915 into every major European language and had a profound impact on public opinion in Allied and neutral countries, particularly in the United States. The eyewitness testimony published in its 320-page Appendix A included sensationalist accounts of mutilations and rapes for which there is no other evidence. These invented atrocities tainted the report and have made it an often cited example of propaganda and psychological warfare.

H. A. L. Fisher
Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher OM PC FRS FBA (21 March 1865 – 18 April 1940) was an English historian, educator, and Liberal politician. He served as President of the Board of Education in David Lloyd George's 1916 to 1922 coalition government.
Sydenham Damerel
Sydenham Damerel, previously South Sydenham, is a village, civil parish and former manor in the West Devon district, in Devon, England, situated 4 miles north-west of Tavistock. In 2021 the parish had a population of 244.

The village lies 1 mile east of the River Tamar which forms the border of Devon with Cornwall, and which also forms the parish boundary. The river is crossed by the listed medieval Horse Bridge, near the hamlet of Horsebridge. The parish church is dedicated to St. Mary.

Sydenham Damerel was in the Lifton hundred. In 1894 Sydenham Damerel became part of Tavistock Rural District. In 1974 Sydenham Damerel became part of West Devon non-metropolitan district in the non-metropolitan county of Devon. On 1 April 2025 the parish council was abolished meaning Sydenham Damerel is now only represented by a parish meeting.

Tavistock
Tavistock (/ˈtævɪstɒk/ TAV-iss-tok) is an ancient stannary and market town and civil parish in the West Devon district, in the county of Devon, England. It is situated on the River Tavy, from which its name derives. At the 2011 census, the three electoral wards (North, South and South West) had a population of 13,028. The town traces its recorded history back to at least 961 when Tavistock Abbey, whose ruins lie in the centre of the town, was founded. Its most famous son is Sir Francis Drake.
Bozyazı Island
Bozyazı Island is a small Mediterranean island in Turkey.

The island faces Bozyazı ilçe (district) of Mersin Province at 36°05′45″N 32°58′33″E﻿ / ﻿36.09583°N 32.97583°E﻿ / 36.09583; 32.97583. Its distance to shore is only 200 metres (660 ft) and in 1982 a road was constructed between the main land and the island by embankment. But in 2009 the artificial connection was abandoned.

Although it is currently uninhabited there are ruins on the island. The island was once a part of the Nagidos ancient city. However, during the Cilician pirates age the city lost its former importance and the population mostly concentrated in the island then called "Nagidudos" or "Tagiduda".

The total area of the island is about 11,500 square metres (124,000 sq ft). According to the Ministry of Forestry the island is declared an archaeological site .

Nagidos
Nagidos (Ancient Greek: Νάγιδος; Latin: Nagidus) was an ancient city of Cilicia. In ancient times it was located between Anemurion to the west and Arsinoe to the east. Today its ruins are found on the hill named Paşabeleni at the mouth of the Sini Cay (Bozyazı Dere) near Bozyazı in Mersin Province, Turkey. It lies at a distance of ca. 20 km to the east of Anamur. Like its eastern neighbor Kelenderis, it was a colony of Samos. The small island of Nagidoussa is opposite Nagidos; on it are the ruins of an Ottoman fortress.