hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michael Franciscus Buttigieg
Michael Franciscus Buttigieg (3 November 1793 – 12 July 1866) was a Maltese prelate who became the first Bishop of Gozo in 1864.

Buttigieg was born on November 3, 1793, in Qala, Gozo, Malta and baptized in St Peter and St Paul parish church of Nadur (Qala was at the time part of the Nadur parish). He was ordained priest on December 21, 1816. Some years later, in 1863, he was appointed as the Auxiliary Bishop of Malta. He was consecrated by Cardinal Niccola Paracciani Clarelli on May 3, 1863, in the church of Santissima Trinità Montecitorio in Rome. Buttigieg was assigned the titular see of Lete.

A year later, in 1864, Pope Pius IX created the Diocese of Gozo and Buttigieg was appointed as its first bishop. He took charge of the diocese on October 23, 1864. Two years later Bishop Buttigieg died in Victoria, Gozo on July 12, 1866, at the age of 72. He is buried in the Cathedral of the Assumption in Victoria, Gozo.

Victoria, Malta
Victoria (Maltese: Il-Belt Victoria, meaning "the city Victoria"), also known among the native Maltese as Rabat (which is the name of the old town centre) or by its title Città Victoria, is an administrative unit of Malta, and the main town on Gozo. Victoria has a total population of 6,901 (as of March 2014), and is the most populous settlement in Gozo.

The area around the town, situated on a hill near the centre of the island, has been settled since Neolithic times. Victoria is the name given on 10 June 1887 by the British government on the occasion of the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria, at the request of Pietro Monsignor Pace, Bishop of Gozo. Many Gozitans, mainly older ones, still often refer to it by the name Rabat.  It is usually known as Rabat, Gozo to distinguish it from the town of Rabat on the main island of Malta.
448th Supply Chain Management Wing
The 448th Supply Chain Management Wing, a wing of the Air Force Sustainment Center of Air Force Materiel Command serves as the Air Force's supply chain manager headquartered at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma.

The wing was first activated in the reserve as the 448th Bombardment Wing in 1949 when Continental Air Command converted its reserve flying organizations under the wing base organization system.  It was called to active duty in 1951 for the Korean War, but inactivated a few days when its personnel were transferred to other units.

It was activated again as the 448th Fighter-Bomber Wing in 1955, when it replaced a flying training wing at Hensley Field, Texas.  It was inactivated two years later when the Air Force converted its reserve flying units to troop carrier units.

North American T-28 Trojan
The North American Aviation T-28 Trojan is a radial-engine military trainer aircraft manufactured by North American Aviation and used by the United States Air Force and United States Navy beginning in the 1950s. Besides its use as a trainer, the T-28 was successfully employed as a counter-insurgency aircraft, primarily during the Vietnam War. It has continued in civilian use as an aerobatics and warbird performer.
Sierpiński's constant
Sierpiński's constant is a mathematical constant usually denoted as K. One way of defining it is as the following limit:

where r2(k) is a number of representations of k as a sum of the form a2 + b2 for integer a and b.

It can be given in closed form as:

where  is the lemniscate constant and  is the Euler-Mascheroni constant.

Another way to define/understand Sierpiński's constant is,

Let r(n) denote the number of representations of  by  squares, then the Summatory Function of  has the Asymptotic expansion

,

where  is the Sierpiński constant. The above plot shows

,

with the value of  indicated as the solid horizontal line.

Lemniscate constant
In mathematics, the lemniscate constant ϖ is a transcendental mathematical constant that is the ratio of the perimeter of Bernoulli's lemniscate to its diameter, analogous to the definition of π for the circle. Equivalently, the perimeter of the lemniscate  is . The lemniscate constant is closely related to the lemniscate elliptic functions and is approximately equal to 2.62205755. It also appears in evaluation of the gamma and beta function at certain rational values. The symbol ϖ is a cursive variant of π known as variant pi represented in Unicode by the character U+03D6 ϖ GREEK PI SYMBOL.

Sometimes the quantities 2ϖ or ϖ/2 are referred to as the lemniscate constant.
1962–63 Colchester United F.C. season
The 1962–63 season was Colchester United's 21st season in their history and their first season back in the third tier of English football following promotion from the Fourth Division the previous season. Alongside competing in the Third Division, the club also participated in the FA Cup and the League Cup. Colchester consolidated their Third Division return by finishing mid-table. In the cups, they bowed out in the first round of the FA Cup to Isthmian League side Wimbledon, while they overcame Watford in the first round of the League Cup only to crash out to Northampton Town in the second.

Isthmian League
The Isthmian League (/ˈɪs(θ)miən/) is a regional football league covering Greater London, East and South East England, featuring mostly semi-professional clubs. Together with the Southern Football League and the Northern Premier League it forms levels seven and eight of the English football league system.

Founded in 1905 by amateur clubs in the London area, the league now consists of 88 teams in four divisions: the Premier Division above its three feeder divisions, the North, South Central and South East divisions.
Together with the Southern League and the Northern Premier League, it forms the seventh and eighth levels of the English football league system. It has various regional feeder leagues and the league as a whole is a feeder league mainly to the National League South.
Dyewoods
A dyewood is any of a number of varieties of wood which provide dyes for textiles and other purposes.  Among the more important are:

Brazilwood or Brazil from Brazil, producing a red dye.

Catechu or cutch from Acacia wood, producing a dark brown dye.

Old Fustic from India and Africa, producing a yellow dye.

Logwood from Belize, producing a red or purple dye.

Haematoxylum campechianum
Haematoxylum campechianum (blackwood, bloodwood tree, bluewood, campeachy tree, campeachy wood, campeche logwood, campeche wood, Jamaica wood, logwood or logwood tree) is a species of flowering tree in the legume family, Fabaceae, that is native to southern Mexico, and introduced to the Caribbean, northern Central America, and other localities around the world.

The tree was of great economic importance from the 17th century to the 19th century, when it was commonly logged and exported to Europe for use in dyeing fabrics. The modern nation of Belize developed from 17th- and 18th-century logging camps established by the English. The tree's scientific name means "bloodwood" (haima being Greek for blood and xylon for wood).
Rina Yamashita
Rina Yamashita (山下リナ, Yamashita Rina)  is a Japanese professional wrestler currently working as a freelancer and is best known for her time in Pro Wrestling Wave. She is also seen in World Wonder Ring Stardom, where she is a part of Mi Vida Loca. She is also the current ChocoPro Super Asia Champion in her first reign.

Japan Indie Awards
The Japan Indie Awards (Japanese: 日本インディー大賞, Hepburn: Nihon Indī Taishō) were Japanese professional wrestling, or puroresu, awards that were handed out annually between 2007 and 2023 by the program Indie no Oshigoto, broadcast on the Fighting TV Samurai TV channel. Unlike the more widely publicized and recognized Tokyo Sports Puroresu Awards that are awarded to all Japanese promotions, the Japan Indie Awards focused on the independent circuit and the smaller promotions.

The awards were voted by fans who could vote online on the Samurai TV website. The winners were announced before the start of the New Year's Pro-Wrestling event in Korakuen Hall.
Balsamorhiza macrolepis
Balsamorhiza macrolepis is a species of flowering plant in the tribe Heliantheae of the family Asteraceae, known by the common name California balsamroot. It is found only in California, where it grows in dry, open habitat, mostly in mountainous areas, mostly in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada and in the eastern Coast Ranges near San Francisco Bay. It is now becoming rare in the Coast Ranges.

California Coast Ranges
The Coast Ranges of California span 400 miles (644 km) from Del Norte or Humboldt County, California, south to Santa Barbara County. The other three coastal California mountain ranges are the Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges and the Klamath Mountains.

Physiographically, they are a section of the larger Pacific Border province, which in turn is part of the larger Pacific Mountain System physiographic division. UNESCO has included the "California Coast Ranges Biosphere Reserve" in its Man and the Biosphere Programme of World Network of Biosphere Reserves since 1983.
2019 Tezgam train fire
On 31 October 2019, Pakistan Railways' Tezgam passenger train caught fire while traveling from Karachi to Rawalpindi, resulting in at least 75 passenger deaths. The train accident was the deadliest in Pakistan since 2005, when the Ghotki rail crash killed more than 100 people. Preliminary evidence suggested the explosion of a portable stove occurred because some passengers illegally cooked food aboard the train. Such use of gas stoves is common on Pakistan's railways; train authorities often turn a blind eye to the dangerous practice. However, an inquiry report revealed in January 2020 that the incident occurred due a short-circuit in the electric wiring of the train, negating earlier reports of a cylinder blast.

2005 Ghotki rail crash
The Ghotki rail crash occurred on 13 July 2005, at around 3:40am local time (2240 July 12 UTC) near Ghotki, Pakistan. No. 24 Dn train (Quetta Express) stopped at the station of Sarhad was hit from behind by the following Karachi Express (No. 16 Dn) train, causing several cars to derail; these were then hit by a third train running in the opposite direction (Tezgam). A total of seventeen train cars, carrying over 3000 passengers, were wrecked. Estimates of the death toll ranged as high as over 130. It was the worst train accident in Pakistan in fifteen years.
Conizonia
Conizonia is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:

subgenus Conizonia

Conizonia allardi Fairmaire, 1866

Conizonia aresteni Pic, 1951

Conizonia detrita (Fabricius, 1793)

Conizonia guerinii (Breme, 1840)

Conizonia kubani Holzschuh, 1991

Conizonia mounai Sama, 2005

Conizonia simia Sama, 2005

Conizonia warnieri (Lucas, 1849)

subgenus Conizonioides

Conizonia kalashiani Danilevsky, 1992

subgenus Eurycoptosia

Conizonia bodoani (Pic, 1912)

subgenus Iranocoptosia

Conizonia fausti (Ganglbauer, 1885)

subgenus Pteromallosia

Conizonia albolineata (Hampe, 1852)

Conizonia anularis Holzschuh, 1984

Conizonia detrita
Conizonia detrita is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1793, originally under the genus Saperda. It is known from Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. It feeds on Scolymus hispanicus. It contains the varietas Conizonia detrita var. maculosa.
Superhero fiction
Superhero fiction is a subgenre of speculative fiction showcasing the adventures of costumed crime-fighters known as superheroes, who often possess superhuman powers and battle similarly powered criminals known as supervillains. The genre primarily falls between hard fantasy and soft science fiction in the spectrum of scientific realism, often merging into science fantasy. It is most commonly associated with comic books, though it has expanded into other media through adaptations and original works.

Reboot (fiction)
In serial fiction, a reboot is a new start to an established fictional universe, work, or series. A reboot usually discards continuity to re-create its characters, plotlines and backstory from the beginning. It has been described as a way to "rebrand" or "restart an entertainment universe that has already been established".

Another definition of a reboot is a remake which is part of an established film series or other media franchise. The term has been criticized for being a vague and "confusing" "buzzword", and a neologism for remake, a concept which has been losing popularity since the 2010s. William Proctor proposes that there is a distinction between reboots, remakes and retcons.
Brandon Fields
Brandon David Fields (born May 21, 1984) is an American former professional football player who was a punter for nine seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Michigan State Spartans, earning consensus All-American honors. He was selected by the Miami Dolphins in the seventh round of the 2007 NFL draft. He also played for the New Orleans Saints.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
2019 Cassis Open Provence
The 2019 Cassis Open Provence was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 2nd edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Cassis, France between 2 and 8 September 2019.

2019 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2019 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2019 ATP Challenger Tour calendar had 158 tournaments scheduled, with prize money ranging from $54,160 up to $162,480. It was the 42nd edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 11th under the name of Challenger Tour.
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA; /ˈpiːtə/ PEE-tə; styled PeTA) is an American animal rights nonprofit organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and originally led by Ingrid Newkirk, its co-founder.

Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first gained attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case. The organization opposes factory farming, fur farming, animal testing, and other activities it considers to be exploitation of animals.

The organization's controversial campaigns have been credited with drawing media attention to animal rights issues, but have also been widely criticized for their disruptive nature. Its use of euthanasia has resulted in legal action and a response from Virginia lawmakers.

No-kill shelter
A no-kill shelter is an animal shelter that does not kill healthy or treatable animals based on time limits or capacity, reserving euthanasia for terminally ill animals, animals suffering poor quality of life, or those considered dangerous to public safety. Some no-kill shelters will commit to not killing any animals at all, under any circumstance, except as required by law. A no-kill shelter uses many strategies to promote shelter animals; to expand its resources using volunteers, housing and medical protocols; and to work actively to lower the number of homeless animals entering the shelter system. Up to ten percent of animals could be killed in a no-kill shelter and still be considered a no-kill shelter.
Azimganj Junction railway station
Azimganj Junction is a railway station on the Barharwa–Azimganj–Katwa loop and is located in Azimganj of Murshidabad district lying west of Bhagirathi, a part of the Hooghly river in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is classified as an NSG-5 category station under the jurisdiction of the Howrah Division in Eastern Railway. It serves a small portion of the Jiaganj-Azimganj municipal town, which falls under the administrative jurisdiction of the Lalbag subdivision in Murshidabad district.The nearest railway station is Jiaganj, located on the Sealdah–Lalgola line, situated across the Bhagirathi river within the same municipal town.

Howrah railway division
Howrah Division is the oldest operational railway division under the Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. Serving as a major rail hub for Eastern India, its headquarters based in Howrah, West Bengal, and has historical and strategic importance for passenger and freight transport. It is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway zone. In 2025, the Howrah Division marked its 100th anniversary since it was officially established as a division. It covers the area more than 400 km which includes parts of Bihar and Jharkhand also. The division manages nearly 200 stations ranging from major terminals to smaller halts.

Asansol railway division, Sealdah railway division and Malda railway division are the other railway divisions under ER Zone headquartered at Kolkata.
2018 Pan American Women's Junior Handball Championship
The 2018 Pan American Women's Junior Handball Championship was the 12th edition of the tournament, Took place in the city of Goiânia, Brazil at the Goiânia Arena from 21 to 25 March 2018. It acts as the American qualifying tournament for the 2018 Women's Junior World Handball Championship.

2018 Women's Junior World Handball Championship
The 2018 IHF Women's Junior World Championship was the 21st edition of the IHF Women's Junior World Championship that took place in Debrecen, Hungary from 1 to 14 July 2018.

Hungary won their first ever title by defeating Norway 28–22 in the final.
Sumampattus quinqueradiatus
Sumampattus quinqueradiatus is a species of jumping spider of the genus Sumampattus. It is found in Peru, Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina.

The species name meaning "five-banded" refers to the five white bands seen from the front in the female.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Deutsche Bundespost Berlin
The Deutsche Bundespost Berlin (German Federal Post of Berlin) was the name used on the stamps of West Berlin. It sounds similar to the name of the Western German postal services Deutsche Bundespost and was de facto a dependency of it. De jure, it was independent and was called Landespostdirektion Berlin. The governmental agency to provide mail and telecommunication services for West Berlin. This civil service agency was in operation from 1949 until 1990.

Michel catalog
The Michel catalog (MICHEL-Briefmarken-Katalog) is the largest and best-known stamp catalog in the German-speaking world. First published in 1910, it has become an important reference work for philately, with information not available in the English-language Scott catalogue.
L17 ribosomal protein leader
An L17 ribosomal protein leader is  a  ribosomal protein leader involved in ribosome biogenesis. It is used as an autoregulatory mechanism to control the concentration of the ribosomal protein L17. Known Examples were predicted in Actinomycetota and Pseudomonadota with bioinformatic approaches. The structure is located in the 5′ untranslated regions of mRNAs encoding ribosomal protein L17 (rplQ).

Ribosomal protein
A ribosomal protein (r-protein or rProtein) is any of the proteins that, in conjunction with rRNA, make up the ribosomal subunits involved in the cellular process of translation. Bacteria and archaea have a small ribosomal subunit (30S) and a large ribosomal subunit (50S).
Eukaryotes have a 
small ribosomal subunit (40S), and a large ribosomal subunit (60S).
 Equivalent subunits are frequently numbered differently between bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes.

A large part of the knowledge about these organic molecules has come from the study of E. coli ribosomes. All ribosomal proteins have been isolated and many specific antibodies have been produced. These, together with electronic microscopy and the use of certain reactives, have allowed for the determination of the topography of the proteins in the ribosome.  More recently, a near-complete (near)atomic picture of the ribosomal proteins is emerging from the latest high-resolution cryo-EM data (including PDB: 5AFI​).
Swanson School of Engineering
The Swanson School of Engineering is the engineering school of the University of Pittsburgh in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1846, the Swanson School of Engineering is the second or third oldest in the United States.

Ansys
Ansys, Inc. is an American multinational company with its headquarters based in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. It develops and markets CAE/multiphysics engineering simulation software for product design, testing and operation and offers its products and services to customers worldwide. On July 17, 2025, the company became a subsidiary of Synopsys.
Positive Money
Positive Money UK is a not-for-profit advocacy group based in London and Brussels that campaigns for monetary reform. Founded in 2010, the organization promotes central bank reforms and alternative monetary policy, with a focus on what it terms "sovereign money" systems.

Monetary reform
Monetary reform refers to proposals to change a country's monetary system, including how money is created, regulated, and distributed. Such reforms seek to address perceived problems with current monetary schemes, like financial instability, wealth inequality, or inflation. Monetary reform movements grow during economic crises, proposing alternatives to prevailing systems.

Reforms range widely from a return to commodity-backed currencies like the gold standard to more radical changes like full reserve banking or government-issued debt-free money. Some reforms seek technical adjustments to existing systems, while others propose to fundamentally restructure money's economic functions.
Creußen
Creußen (German pronunciation: [ˈkʁɔʏsn̩] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the Red Main river, 13 km southeast of Bayreuth.

Creußen is famous for its stoneware beer steins.

Creußen is the starting point of the Red Main branch of the Main-Radweg bicycle path which stretches about 600 km along the Main until the mouth into the Rhine.

Bayreuth (district)
Bayreuth (German pronunciation: [baɪˈʁɔʏt] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It surrounds, but does not include the city of Bayreuth. The district is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Kulmbach, Hof, Wunsiedel, Tirschenreuth, Neustadt an der Waldnaab, Amberg-Sulzbach, Nürnberger Land, Forchheim and Bamberg.