hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Changyang, Beijing
Changyang Town (Chinese: 长阳镇; pinyin: Chángyáng Zhèn) is a town on eastern Fangshan District, Beijing, China. It borders Fengtai District in its north, Huangcun and Beizangcun Towns in its east, Liulihe Town in its south, Doudian and Liangxiang Towns as well as Gongchen Subdistrict in its west. In the 2020 census, its total population was 241,691.

Gongchen Subdistrict, Beijing
Gongchen Subdistrict (Chinese: 拱辰街道; pinyin: Gǒngchén Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in the eastern portion of  Fangshan District, Beijing, China. It borders Wangzuo Town in the north, Changyang Town in the east, Liangxiang Town in the south, Yancun Town and Xilu Subdistrict in the west. It contained 214,622 inhabitants in the year 2020.

The name of the subdistrict Gongchen (Chinese: 拱辰; lit. 'Surround Morning') came from the historical name of the northern city gate of Liangxiang.
The Stellas
The Stellas were a married Canadian country music duo from Whitby, Ontario. They finished in fourth place on the second season of the CMT series Can You Duet in 2009. Their self-titled debut album was released by EMI Music Canada in September 2011. The first single was a cover of the Fairground Attraction's song "Perfect". In July 2014, the duo released "Gravy", which doubles as the first single off their second album. An Irish rock and roll showband  by the same name was active in the sixties releasing a single covering Wooly Bully and "Fortune Teller".

Whitby, Ontario
Whitby is a town in Durham Region in Ontario, Canada. Whitby is located in Southern Ontario 11 km (6.8 mi) east of Ajax and 8 km (5.0 mi) west of Oshawa, on the north shore of Lake Ontario and is home to the headquarters of Durham Region. It had a population of 138,501 at the 2021 census. It is approximately 39.75 km (24.70 mi) east of Toronto, and it is known as a commuter suburb in the Durham Region, a part of the Greater Toronto Area. While the southern portion of Whitby is predominantly urban and an economic hub, the northern part of the municipality is more rural and includes the communities of Ashburn, Brooklin, Myrtle, Myrtle Station, and Macedonian Village. On the western boundary is Almond Village.
Assumption College, Changanasserry
Assumption College is an Autonomous arts and science college in Kerala, India. Established in 1949, it is situated in Changanasserry 17 km from Kottayam. It is affiliated with Mahatma Gandhi University. The college had been accredited A+ by NAAC in its fourth cycle. The college is considered to be one of the top colleges in Kerala providing various alumni especially in sports and games.

The college is named after the proclamation of Assumption of Blessed Virgin Mary. The college is a catholic minority institution under the Syro Malabar Archdiocese of Changanasserry. UGC granted autonomy to this college in 2016. The college is one among the 100 colleges in NIRF 2017. It has been also in top 100 private autonomous colleges in Education World India, 29th in national level, 11th in state. In 2000, the college won R Shankar Award instituted by Government of Kerala for Best College in State. It is the sister college of SB College Changanasserry

Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala
Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), commonly referred to as MG University, is a state owned public university headquartered in Kottayam in the state of Kerala, India. It was established on 2 October 1983 on Gandhi Jayanti day.

Mahatma Gandhi University (formerly Gandhiji University) has been approved by University Grants Commission (UGC) and accredited with the highest grade of 'A++ (CGPA - 3.61) by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council of India. The university has 31 departments of teaching and research and around 260 affiliated colleges spread over five districts in central Kerala.

In March 2025, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam has been awarded the prestigious Category 1 Grade by the University Grants Commission (UGC). This  recognition granted MGU extensive autonomy to launch new initiatives and establish institutions without prior UGC approval, making it the first university in the state to achieve this distinction.
Onomarchus uninotatus
Onomarchus uninotatus is a species of pseudophylline bush cricket from the family Tettigoniidae, native to South and Southeast Asia, and southern China. It is a fairly large leaf-like bush cricket where adults are green (often fading to brown in specimens) and on average measure about 6 cm (2.4 in) long in males and 7.5 cm (3.0 in) long in females; nymphs are smaller, have small wings and can be either green or brown. Both adults and nymphs of this common, nocturnal bush cricket are herbivorous and the species is sometimes considered a serious pest when feeding on the foliage of fruit trees, especially jackfruit.

Pseudophyllinae
The subfamily Pseudophyllinae contains numerous species in the family Tettigoniidae, the katydids or bush crickets. Sometimes called "true katydids", together with the crickets of suborder Ensifera, they form part of the insect order Orthoptera which also contains grasshoppers.

Members of the group are noted for their remarkable camouflage. Many species closely resemble fresh or dried leaves, including veins, various blotches and even bite marks.
V381 Cephei
V381 Cephei (HR 8164) is a triple star system in the northern constellation of Cepheus.  Its apparent magnitude is slightly variable between 5.5 and 5.7. It is faintly visible to the naked eye under good observing conditions.

The star was discovered to be a variable star in 1991, by Elaine M. Halbedel. It was given its variable star designation, V381 Cephei, in 1995.

Variable-star designation
In astronomy, a variable-star designation is a unique identifier given to variable stars.  It extends the Bayer designation format, with an identifying label (as described below) preceding the Latin genitive of the name of the constellation in which the star lies. The identifying label can be one or two Latin letters or a V plus a number (e.g. V399). Examples are R Coronae Borealis, YZ Ceti, V603 Aquilae. (See List of constellations for a list of constellations and the genitive forms of their names.)
2008–09 Kent Football League
The 2008–09 Kent Football League season (known as the Bulmers Cider Kent League reflecting the sponsorship by Bulmers) was the 43rd in the history of Kent Football League a football competition in England.

The League structure comprised three divisions: a Premier Division, and Divisions One and Two. The latter two were known as the Reserves Section, which included reserves teams not permitted in the Premier Division. Additionally, there were two league cup competitions, the Challenge Cup for the Premier Division clubs, and another for the teams in the two divisions of the Reserves Section.

Welling United F.C.
Welling United Football Club is a semi-professional association football club, based in Welling in the London Borough of Bexley, England. The most prominent aspect of the club is its men's first team, who play in the Isthmian League Premier Division, the seventh level of the English football league system.
Marcus Vigellius
Marcus Vigellius (fl. 125 BC) was a Stoic philosopher. He was a friend and pupil of Panaetius, whom he also lived with. He is noted by Cicero in De Oratore to have also been a friend of Lucius Licinius Crassus, the greatest Roman orator prior to Cicero. All other information has been lost.

Panaetius
Panaetius (/pəˈniːʃiəs/; Ancient Greek: Παναίτιος, romanized: Panaítios; c. 185 – c. 110/109 BC) of Rhodes was an ancient Greek Stoic philosopher. He was a pupil of Diogenes of Babylon and Antipater of Tarsus in Athens, before moving to Rome where he did much to introduce Stoic doctrines to the city, thanks to the patronage of Scipio Aemilianus. After the death of Scipio in 129 BC, he returned to the Stoic school in Athens, and was its last undisputed scholarch. With Panaetius, Stoicism became much more eclectic. His most famous work was his On Duties, the principal source used by Cicero in his own work of the same name.
Fragneto Monforte
Fragneto Monforte is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Benevento in the Italian region Campania.

Fragneto is a green mountainous area whose history dates back from 500 BC.
It is 10 km from Benevento, 65 km from Naples, and 200 km from Rome.

Fragneto Monforte borders the following municipalities: Benevento, Campolattaro, Casalduni, Fragneto l'Abate, Pesco Sannita, Ponte, Pontelandolfo, Torrecuso.

Campolattaro
Campolattaro (Campanian: Campulattàrë) is a comune in the Province of Benevento in the Italian region of Campania, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Naples and about 20 kilometers north of Benevento.
Valarie Kaur
Valarie Kaur (born February 14, 1981) is an American activist, documentary filmmaker, lawyer, educator, and faith leader. She is the founder of the Revolutionary Love Project. Kaur's debut book, See No Stranger: A Memoir and Manifesto of Revolutionary Love, was published in June 2020. The book expands upon Kaur's TED Talk.

Peter J. Gomes
Peter John Gomes (May 22, 1942 – February 28, 2011) was an American preacher and theologian, the Plummer Professor of Christian Morals at Harvard Divinity School and Pusey Minister at Harvard's Memorial Church — in the words of Harvard's president "one of the great preachers of our generation, and a living symbol of courage and conviction."
Washington/Wells station
Washington/Wells is a station on the Chicago "L" system, located in downtown Chicago, Illinois on The Loop.  The station opened on July 17, 1995.  Washington/Wells is located a few blocks from several major attractions and business centers, such as Chicago City Hall, the Civic Opera House, and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. The station is also three blocks east of Ogilvie Transportation Center, terminal for the Union Pacific North, Northwest, and West line Metra trains. The station is located between Washington and Madison on Wells Street in downtown Chicago.

Chicago Transit Authority bus services
Chicago Transit Authority bus services are provided throughout Chicago, Illinois and the surrounding suburbs, operated by the Chicago Transit Authority (CTA). As of January 2025, the CTA has 1,966 buses that operate 127 routes. In 2024, the CTA bus system had a ridership of 181,733,800, or about 594,700 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.
A. J. Slaughter
Anthony Darrell "A. J." Slaughter (born August 3, 1987) is an American-born naturalized Polish professional basketball player for Anwil Włocławek of the Polish Basketball League (PLK). He played college basketball for Western Kentucky.

LNB Élite
The LNB Élite, currently known for sponsorship reasons as Betclic Élite, is a professional basketball league in France and is the highest level of the French basketball system. The competition has existed since 1921. Since 1987, the Ligue Nationale de Basket (LNB) has governed the league.

Formerly known as the LNB Pro A, each season consists of 16 teams. The bottom two placed teams from each season are relegated to the second tier level Élite 2. The winner of the play-offs of the league are crowned the French national champions.
Camden Expedition order of battle: Confederate
The following Confederate Army units and commanders fought in the Camden Expedition of the American Civil War. Order of battle compiled from the army organization during the campaign. The Union order of battle is listed separately.

Camden Expedition
The Camden Expedition (March 23 – May 3, 1864) was the final campaign conducted by the Union Army in south Arkansas during the Civil War. The offensive was designed to cooperate with Major-General Nathaniel P. Banks' movement against Shreveport.
AN/FPS-5 Radar
The AN/FPS-5 was a nodding height-finding radar used by the United States Air Force Air Defense Command. It was unique in that it used a fixed reflector and a moving feed in order to steer the beam. It was produced in the early 1950s by Hazeltine, and deployment was limited. It was normally used with the AN/FPS-3 search radar.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/FPS-5" designation represents the 5th design of an Army-Navy electronic device for fixed ground search radar. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense electronic systems.

Joint Electronics Type Designation System
The Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), which was previously known as the Joint Army-Navy Nomenclature System (AN System. JAN) and the Joint Communications-Electronics Nomenclature System, is a method developed by the U.S. War Department during World War II for assigning an unclassified designator to electronic equipment. In 1957, the JETDS was formalized in MIL-STD-196.

Computer software and commercial unmodified electronics for which the manufacturer maintains design control are not covered.
Concord Peak
Concord Peak or Pik Soglasiya is a mountain of the Pamirs, on the Afghan-Tajik border, about 15 km (9 mi) south of Lake Zorkul. The mountain is located in the Wakhan District in Badakhshan Province of Afghanistan and the Gorno-Badakhshan autonomous region of Tajikistan.

Pamir Mountains
The Pamir Mountains are a range of mountains between Central Asia and South Asia. They are located at a junction with other notable mountains, namely the Tian Shan, the Karakoram, the Kunlun, the Hindu Kush, and the Himalayas. They are among the world's highest mountains.

Much of the range lies in the Gorno-Badakhshan region of Tajikistan. Spanning the border parts of four countries, to the south, they border the Hindu Kush mountains along Afghanistan's Wakhan Corridor in Badakhshan Province, Chitral and Gilgit-Baltistan regions of Pakistan. To the north, they join the Tian Shan mountains along the Alay Valley of Kyrgyzstan. To the east, they extend to the range that includes China's Kongur Tagh, in the "Eastern Pamirs", separated by the Yarkand valley from the Kunlun Mountains.

Since the Victorian era, they have been known as the "Roof of the World", presumably a translation from Persian.
2019 AFC Asian Cup qualification
The 2019 AFC Asian Cup qualification was the qualification process organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) to determine the participating teams for the 2019 AFC Asian Cup, the 17th edition of the international men's football championship of Asia. For the first time, the Asian Cup final tournament was contested by 24 teams, having been expanded from the 16-team format that was used from 2004 to 2015.

The qualification process involved four rounds, where the first two doubled as the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification for Asian teams.

Time in Malaysia
Malaysian Standard Time (MST; Malay: Waktu Standard Malaysia, WSM or Malay: Waktu Piawai Malaysia, WPM), or sometimes Malaysian Time (MYT), is the standard time used in Malaysia. It is 8 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).  Malaysia does not observe daylight saving time.
Paso Robles Carnegie Library
The Paso Robles Carnegie Library is a Carnegie library located in Paso Robles City Park in Paso Robles, California. The library was built from 1907 to 1908 through a $10,000 grant from the Carnegie Foundation. Architect William H. Weeks, who designed several other buildings in the city, designed the library in the Classical Revival style. The projecting front entrance of the building has an ornamented pediment supported by two columns and two wide brick pilasters. The building has a decorative cornice, and an ornamental frieze is located beneath the pediment and cornice at the entrance. The Works Progress Administration expanded the back of the library in 1939. The library operated until 1995, when it was replaced by a new building and purchased by the city's historical society.

The library was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 26, 1998.

W. H. Weeks
William Henry Weeks (1864–1936) was an early 20th-century architect who designed hundreds of buildings including many schools, banks, and libraries. He was best known for the monumental neoclassical style of his public buildings, although he had employed other architectural styles earlier in his career. His first office was in Watsonville, California, but later offices were in various parts of the San Francisco Bay area. Weeks' firm designed structures in over 161 California cities, as well as several buildings in Nevada and Oregon. Weeks was a pioneer in earthquake-resistant construction and, as a result, many of his buildings are still in use.
Cleveland State University
Cleveland State University (CSU) is a public research university in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It was established in 1964 and opened for classes in 1965 after acquiring the entirety of Fenn College, a private school that had been in operation since 1923. CSU absorbed the Cleveland-Marshall School of Law in 1969. Today it is part of the University System of Ohio, has more than 120,000 alumni, and offers over 200 academic programs amongst eight colleges. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

Glenn Research Center
NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field is a NASA center within the cities of Brook Park and Cleveland between Cleveland Hopkins International Airport and the Rocky River Reservation of Cleveland Metroparks, with a subsidiary facility in Sandusky, Ohio. Its director is James A. Kenyon. Glenn Research Center is one of ten major NASA facilities, whose primary mission is to develop science and technology for use in aeronautics and space. As of May 2012, it employed about 1,650 civil servants and 1,850 support contractors on or near its site.

In 2010, the formerly on-site NASA Visitors Center moved to the Great Lakes Science Center in the North Coast Harbor area of downtown Cleveland.
Khwasak
Khwasak (Parthian: 𐭇𐭅𐭎𐭊‎) was at the beginning of the 3rd century AD, the Satrap of Susa under the Parthian king Artabanus IV.

Khwasak is known from a stela found at Susa. The function of the stela is unknown but it might have been a tomb stone. The stela shows Khwasak and the king, who is handing over the ring of power to Khwasak. The Parthian text informs us that the stela was set up in the year AD 215. Susa was most likely in the 2nd century more or less an independent state. The inscription on the stela demonstrates that the city became at the beginning of the 3rd century again part of the Parthian empire with Khwasak as governor under king Artabanus IV.

Satrap
A satrap (/ˈsætrəp/) was a governor of the provinces of the ancient Median and Persian (Achaemenid) Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires. A satrapy is the territory governed by a satrap.

A satrap served as a viceroy to the king, though with considerable autonomy. The word came to suggest tyranny or ostentatious splendour, and its modern usage is a pejorative and refers to any subordinate or local ruler, usually with unfavourable connotations of corruption.
Commandant
Commandant (/ˌkɒmənˈdɑːnt/ or /ˌkɒmənˈdænt/; French: [kɔmɑ̃dɑ̃]) is a title often given to the officer in charge of a military (or other uniformed service) training establishment or academy. This usage is common in English-speaking nations. In some countries it may be a military or police rank. It is also often used to refer to the commander of a military prison or prison camp (including concentration camps and prisoner of war camps).

Commandant (rank)
Commandant (/ˌkɒmənˈdɑːnt/, /ˌkɒmənˈdænt/, /ˈkʌmədənt/; French: [kɔmɑ̃dɑ̃]) is a military rank used in many - typically Francophone  or Hispanophone - countries, where it is usually equivalent to the rank of major.
2003 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 2003 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Augsburg, Germany under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the record-tying third time. It was the 28th edition. Augsburg hosted the championships previously in 1957 and 1985 when the city was part of West Germany, and matches the times hosted by Spittal, Austria (1963, 1965, 1977), Meran, Italy (1953, 1971, 1983), and Bourg St.-Maurice, France (1969, 1987, 2002).

Competitions were held at the Augsburg Eiskanal facility which was built for the 1972 Summer Olympics.

2002 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 2002 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Bourg St.-Maurice, France under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the record-tying third time. It was the 27th edition. Bourg St.-Maurice hosted the championships previously in 1969 and 1987, and matches the times hosted by Spittal, Austria (1963, 1965, 1977) and Meran, Italy (1953, 1971, 1983). Beginning at these championships, this event would be held on an annual basis in non-Summer Olympic years. The 2001 championships were scheduled to take place in Ducktown, Tennessee (East of Chattanooga) in September that year on the canoe slalom course used for the 1996 Summer Olympics in neighboring Atlanta, but were cancelled in the wake of the September 11 attacks.
1998 Esso Longford fire
On 25 September 1998 a catastrophic fire occurred at the Esso natural gas plant in Longford, Victoria, Australia. A pressure vessel ruptured resulting in a serious jet fire, which escalated to a conflagration extending to a large part of the plant. Fires lasted two days before they were finally extinguished.

Two workers were killed and eight others injured. Natural gas supply to the state of Victoria was severely disrupted and was not fully restored until 14 October. Total estimated property costs amounted to US$443 million (US$987 million in 2021), while financial losses to the companies affected by the gas shortage were estimated at around A$1.3 billion.

The Victorian state government established the Longford Royal Commission to publicly investigate the causes of the accident.

Daryl Dawson
Sir Daryl Michael Dawson (born 12 December 1933) is an Australian former judge who served as a justice of the High Court of Australia from 1982 to 1997. Before being appointed to the High Court, he served for periods as a legal officer in the Royal Australian Navy and as Solicitor-General of Victoria.
Calentao
Calentao', sometimes spelled calenta'o  (Colombian Spanish creole folk slang for "heated," derived from the Standard Spanish word calentado) is a Colombian cuisine dish made from reheated leftovers including rice, egg, pasta, beans, potatoes and other foods such as arepa, chorizo, and ground beef. It is generally eaten for breakfast and is often accompanied by aguapanela, arepa, coffee, juice or hot chocolate.  Depending on the region it can also be served with hogao. It is sometimes referred to as Fríjoles Trasnochaos. A fried egg is usually served on top of the dish and it is called Calentao' "A Caballo" . It is usually eaten for breakfast using some of the night before's leftovers.

Aguapanela
Aguapanela, agua de panela or agüepanela is a drink commonly found throughout South America and a few parts of Central America and Caribbean. Its literal translation means 'panela water', as it is an infusion made from panela, which is derived from hardened sugar cane juice.

Though recipe variations exist throughout South America, it is best known in Colombia. In Colombia, it is commonly drunk with a hint of lemon, much the way tea is consumed.