hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scottish fiddling
Scottish fiddling may be distinguished from other folk fiddling styles by its particular precision of execution and energy in the delivery, for example, the rendering of the dotted-quaver/semi-quaver rhythmic patterns, commonly used in the Strathspey. Christine Martin, in her Traditional Scottish Fiddling players guide, discusses the techniques of "hack bowing", "the Scotch snap", and "snap bowing". These techniques contrast quite sharply with the most common bowing patterns of Irish fiddling. The style has a very large repertoire consisting of a great variation of rhythms and key signatures. There is also a strong link to the playing of traditional Scottish bagpipes which is better known throughout the world.

Aly Bain
Aly Bain MBE (born 15 May 1946) is a Scottish fiddler who learned his instrument from the old-time master Tom Anderson. The former First Minister of Scotland Jack McConnell called Bain a "Scottish icon." He is also recognized as a fiddle-singing pioneer.
CR Atlético Portuense
Club de Rugby Atlético Portuense is a Spanish rugby union club.

The club began as the rugby section of the Club Atlético Portuense in 1971, joining the junior and senior leagues in 1972. In 1982 the rugby section became an independent club and has been known as Club de Rugby Atlético Portuense since.  Currently the 1st team competes in the 1ª División Regional competition, the third-highest level of Spanish club rugby.

The club is based in the town of El Puerto de Santa Maria in Andalucia, Spain. CR Atlético Portuense play in yellow and green colours.

Home games are played at the municipal sports centre "Polideportivo La Puntilla" and the club also has its own private clubhouse called La Bodeguita del Club de Rugby, which is inside a restored sherry bodega and situated at Calle La Palma, 23.

El Puerto de Santa María
El Puerto de Santa María (Spanish pronunciation: [el ˈpweɾto ðe ˈsanta maˈɾi.a]), locally known as El Puerto and historically in English as Port Saint Mary, is a municipality of Spain located on the banks of the Guadalete River in the province of Cádiz, Andalusia. As of 2016, the city has a population of c. 88,184, of which some 50,000 live in the urban center, and the remainder in the surrounding areas.

The town of El Puerto de Santa María is located 10 km (6 mi) northeast of Cádiz, across the bay of Cádiz.
Semiochemical
A semiochemical, from the Greek σημεῖον (semeion), meaning "signal", is a chemical substance or mixture released by an organism that affects the behaviors of other individuals. Semiochemical communication can be divided into two broad classes: communication between individuals of the same species (intraspecific) or communication between different species (interspecific).

It is usually used in the field of chemical ecology to encompass pheromones, allomones, kairomones, attractants and repellents.

Many insects, including parasitic insects, use semiochemicals. Pheromones are intraspecific signals that aid in finding mates, food and habitat resources, warning of enemies, and avoiding competition. Interspecific signals known as allomones and kairomones have similar functions.

Pheromone
A pheromone (from Ancient Greek  φέρω (phérō) 'to bear' and  hormone) is a chemical that is secreted or excreted by an organism, which triggers a social response in members of the same species. There are alarm pheromones, food trail pheromones, sex pheromones, and many others that affect behavior or physiology. Pheromones are used by many organisms, from basic unicellular prokaryotes to complex multicellular eukaryotes. Their use among insects has been particularly well documented. In addition, some vertebrates, plants and ciliates communicate by using pheromones. The ecological functions and evolution of pheromones are a major topic of research in the field of chemical ecology.
Neuroanatomy
Neuroanatomy is a branch of anatomy and neuroscience that studies the structure and organization of the nervous system. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems. Their neuroanatomy is therefore better understood. In vertebrates, the nervous system is segregated into the central nervous system (CNS) comprising the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) comprising the connecting nerves between them. Much of what has informed neuroscientists has come from observing how lesions (damage) to specific brain areas affects behavior or other neural functions.

For information about the composition of non-human animal nervous systems, see nervous system. For information about the typical structure of the human nervous system, see human brain, and peripheral nervous system.

Glia
Glia, also called glial cells (gliocytes) or neuroglia, are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (the brain and the spinal cord) and in the peripheral nervous system that do not produce electrical impulses. The neuroglia make up more than one half the volume of neural tissue in the human body. They contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis, help form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons. In the central nervous system, glial cells include oligodendrocytes (that produce myelin), astrocytes, ependymal cells and microglia, and in the peripheral nervous system they include Schwann cells (that produce myelin), and satellite cells.
Wiguleus Fröschl of Marzoll
Wiguleus Fröschl of Marzoll (4 April 1445, in Marzoll (today part of Bad Reichenhall) – 6 November 1517, in Passau) was a German nobleman.  From 1500 until his death, he was Prince-archbishop of Passau.

Diocese of Passau
The Diocese of Passau (Latin: Diœcesis Passaviensis; German: Bistum Passau) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Germany that is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising. The Prince-Bishopric of Passau was an ecclesiastical principality that existed for centuries until it was secularized in 1803. The diocese covers an area of 5,442 km².
Biathlon at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Men's pursuit
The Men's pursuit competition of the Beijing 2022 Olympics was held on 13 February, at the National Biathlon Centre, in the Zhangjiakou cluster of competition venues, 180 kilometres (110 mi) north of Beijing, at an elevation of 1,665 metres (5,463 ft). Quentin Fillon Maillet of France won the event. Tarjei Bø of Norway won the silver medal, and Eduard Latypov, representing the Russian Olympic Committee, won bronze, his first individual Olympic medal.

Biathlon at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Biathlon at the 2022 Winter Olympics was held at the National Biathlon Centre, in the Zhangjiakou cluster of competition venues, 180 kilometres (110 mi) north of Beijing, at an elevation of 1,665 metres (5,463 ft), from 5 to 18 February 2022.

A total of 210 quota spots (105 per gender) were distributed to the sport, a decline of 20 from the 2018 Winter Olympics. A total of 11 events were contested, five for men, five for women and one mixed.
Javi Martínez
Javier "Javi" Martínez Aginaga (Spanish pronunciation: [xaˈβjeɾ ˈxaβi maɾˈtineθ aɣiˈnaɣa]; born 2 September 1988) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or centre-back for Qatari Second Division club Al Bidda.

He arrived at Athletic Bilbao in 2006, before his 18th birthday, quickly imposing himself as a starter and going on to make 251 appearances over the course of six La Liga seasons, scoring 26 goals. In 2012, he signed for Bayern Munich for €40 million, going on to win nine consecutive Bundesliga titles as well as the UEFA Champions League in 2013 and 2020.

A Spanish international, Martínez was a member of the squads that won the 2010 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2012, and also played at the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

2016 DFL-Supercup
The 2016 DFL-Supercup was the seventh edition of the German Super Cup under the name DFL-Supercup, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal competitions. The match was played on 14 August 2016 at the Signal Iduna Park in Dortmund.

It featured Bayern Munich, the winners of the 2015–16 Bundesliga (and the 2015–16 DFB-Pokal), who had lost the three previous super cups and last won in 2012, and 2015–16 Bundesliga runners-up Borussia Dortmund, who last won in 2014. Dortmund qualified as league runners-up by virtue of Bayern winning the league and cup double.

Bayern Munich won the DFL-Supercup 2–0 for their fifth title.
Peterodendron
Peterodendron is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Achariaceae. The only species is Peterodendron ovatum.

It is native to Tanzania.

The genus name of Peterodendron is in honour of Gustav Albert Peter (1853–1937), a German botanist. The Latin specific epithet of ovatum means egg, it is derived from ovum.
It was first described and published in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem Vol.13 on page 357 in 1936.

Achariaceae
Achariaceae is a family of flowering plants consisting of 31 genera and about 155 species of tropical herbs, shrubs, and trees. The APG IV system has greatly expanded the scope of the family by including many genera previously classified in Flacourtiaceae. Molecular data strongly support the inclusion of this family in the order Malpighiales.

The family is almost exclusively tropical and is best known as the source of chaulmoogra oil, formerly used to treat leprosy. Unlike other members of the former Flacourtiaceae now placed in the family Salicaceae, the genera of Achariaceae typically have cyanogenic glycosides.
Marco Silva
Marco Alexandre Saraiva da Silva (European Portuguese: [ˈmaɾku ˈsilvɐ]; born 12 July 1977) is a Portuguese football manager and former player who played as a right-back. He is the manager of Premier League club Fulham.

He played for a variety of Portuguese clubs, finishing his career with a six-year spell at Estoril. He managed them for three years before spending a season as coach of Sporting CP, during which the team won the 2014–15 Taça de Portugal.

Silva then worked abroad, first with Olympiacos where he won the Super League Greece in 2015–16. He went on to spent several years in the English Premier League, as head coach of Hull City, Watford, Everton and Fulham.

2021–22 EFL Championship
The 2021–22 EFL Championship (referred to as the Sky Bet Championship for sponsorship reasons) was the 6th season of the EFL Championship under its current title and the 30th season under its current league division format.
Boyagin Rock
Boyagin Rock is located 10 km (6.2 mi) south west of Brookton and 26 km (16 mi) north west of Pingelly in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, which is approximately 175 km (109 mi) south east of Perth. The Boyagin Rock outcrop rises 50 m (160 ft) above the surrounding land and is an crestal area of a granite inselberg within the geological Yilgarn craton framework.

It was a location that had been looked at for a water reserve, but the proposal was not proceeded with.  It had also been viewed as a mining location. The Boyagin Nature Reserve contains Boyagin Rock, and is widely recognised as one of the few areas of intact original fauna and flora in the Avon Wheatbelt bioregion. It provides refuge for a variety of fauna including numbats, goannas, echidnas and tammar wallabies. The reserve was established in 1978, and covers an area of 1.21 km2 (0.47 sq mi).

Wheatbelt (Western Australia)
The Wheatbelt is one of nine regions of Western Australia defined as administrative areas for the state's regional development, and a vernacular term for the area converted to agriculture during colonisation. It partially surrounds the Perth metropolitan area, extending north from Perth to the Mid West region, and east to the Goldfields–Esperance region.  It is bordered to the south by the South West and Great Southern regions, and to the west by the Indian Ocean, the Perth metropolitan area, and the Peel region.  Altogether, it has an area of 154,862 square kilometres (59,793 sq mi) (including islands).

The region has 42 local government authorities, with an estimated population of 75,000 residents. The Wheatbelt accounts for approximately three per cent of Western Australia's population.
Eigevannskollen
Eigevannskollen is a neighbourhood in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the borough of Grim and in the district of Tinnheia. It is located south of the lake Eigevann in Tinnheia and next to Hellemyr. Eigevann is north of the European route E39 highway and the neighbourhood is west of Hannevikåsen.

Tinnheia
Tinnheia is a district in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. The population is around 3,660 (2014). It is part of the borough of Grim, and it is generally populated with mostly apartment homes, with a high percentage of immigrants. West of Tinnheia is the district of Hellemyr, to the east is the district of Grim (centrum), and to the south is the district of Slettheia.

The district of Tinnheia includes an industrial area called Hannevika. Tinnheia has one elementary school, "Karl Johan Minneskole" (Karl Johan memory school). Public transport is available by Agder Kollektivtrafikk, stops at Tinnheia are located along Line 15 which goes from Kvadraturen-Tinnheia-Kvadraturen 4 times every hour. All the streets in Tinnheia is named after metal, "Tin"-Heia. Tinnheia has the second-most apartment buildings in Kristiansand after Kvadraturen (the city centrum). Tinnheia is the smallest district in area and the 10th largest in population.
Kharasch addition
The Kharasch addition is an organic reaction and a metal-catalysed free radical addition of CXCl3 compounds (X = Cl, Br, H) to alkenes.  The reaction is used to append trichloromethyl or dichloromethyl groups to terminal alkenes.  The method has attracted considerable interest, but it is of limited value because of narrow substrate scope and demanding conditions.

The reaction mechanism involves free radicals of the general formula CXCl2 (X = Cl, H). For the precursors carbon tetrachloride and chloroform, the requisite radicals can arise by abstraction of a halogen atom by a electropositive metal. The addition proceeds in an anti-Markovnikov fashion. Early work linked the addition to olefin polymerization.  This addition is a step in a protocol known as atom transfer radical polymerization.

An example of Kharasch addition is the synthesis of 1,1,3-trichloro-n-nonane from 1-octene and chloroform using an iron-based catalyst:

CH3(CH2)5CH=CH2  +  HCCl3   →   CH3(CH2)5CH(Cl)−CH2CHCl2

Organic reaction
Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. The basic organic chemistry reaction types are addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions, photochemical reactions and redox reactions. In organic synthesis, organic reactions are used in the construction of new organic molecules. The production of many man-made chemicals such as drugs, plastics, food additives, fabrics depend on organic reactions.

The oldest organic reactions are combustion of organic fuels and saponification of fats to make soap. Modern organic chemistry starts with the Wöhler synthesis in 1828. In the history of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry awards have been given for the invention of specific organic reactions such as the Grignard reaction in 1912, the Diels–Alder reaction in 1950, the Wittig reaction in 1979 and olefin metathesis in 2005.
Port Union, Toronto
Port Union, also known as Centennial Scarborough is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located in the south-east corner of Toronto, within the former suburb of Scarborough.  The neighbourhood is bounded by Kingston Road to the north, Port Union Road to the east, the Lake Ontario shoreline to the south, and Highland Creek to the west.

The neighbourhood originated as the small lakefront town of Port Union in the 19th century, within the area now known as West Rouge, until 1974 part of the Township of Pickering. It was later developed as a suburban bedroom community after the Second World War. Since the 1990s, the industrial lands along the waterfront have been transformed into new subdivisions, along with a paved walkway and bike path along the shore of Lake Ontario. The neighbourhood has many mature trees, parkland and waterfront.  It is an affluent neighbourhood with 93% home ownership.

Highland Creek (Toronto)
Highland Creek is a river in the Scarborough district of Toronto, Ontario, emptying into Lake Ontario at the eastern end of the Scarborough Bluffs. It is home to several species of fish including trout, carp, bass and salmon. It is a meandering river which, like most rivers in Toronto (including the Don and Humber), travels through a glacial ravine formed after the last Ice Age. The Highland Creek watershed, including tributaries, is almost entirely contained within Scarborough.
1985–86 WHL season
The 1985–86 WHL season was the 20th season of the Western Hockey League (WHL). It featured fourteen teams and a 72-game regular season. The Medicine Hat Tigers captured their first Scotty Munro Memorial Trophy for the best regular season record, while the Kamloops Blazers won their second President's Cup as playoff champions.

The season was the first for the Spokane Chiefs, with the Kelowna Wings relocating to Spokane, Washington prior to the season. The Chiefs became the third American-based WHL team. In addition, the Seattle Breakers were renamed the Thunderbirds.

Kelowna Wings
The Kelowna Wings were a junior ice hockey team based in Kelowna, British Columbia that played in the Western Hockey League from 1982 to 1985. The Wings were abysmal in their three-year tenure, winning just 56 out of 216 games played. The franchise relocated to Spokane, Washington following the 1984–85 season and became the Spokane Chiefs.

The City of Kelowna would wait ten years for the WHL to return as the Tacoma Rockets relocated to the city and became a perennial contender.
Benson K. Buffham
Benson Kirk Buffham (November 26, 1919 – April 24, 2019) was an American intelligence official who served as the Deputy Director of the National Security Agency from 1978 to 1980, during which time he was the highest- ranking civilian in the agency.

Deputy Director of the National Security Agency
The deputy director of the National Security Agency (DDIRNSA) is the highest-ranking civilian within the National Security Agency. As the senior civilian at NSA, the deputy director acts as the agency's chief operating officer, guiding and directing strategies and policy, and serves as the principal advisor to the director of the NSA. The deputy director reports to the NSA director and is required to be a technically experienced civilian.
Aphanotorulus gomesi
Aphanotorulus gomesi is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Jaguaribe River basin. The species reaches 14.3 cm (5.6 in) SL. It is thought to be a facultative air-breather.

A. gomesi was originally described as Plecostomus iheringi by Henry Weed Fowler in 1941, although Fowler later invalidated this name in 1942, replacing it with Plecostomus gomesi to avoid confusion with Plecostomus iheringii (a species which is currently known as Hypostomus iheringii). It was transferred to the genus Squaliforma (now considered invalid) after the genus' designation by I. J. H. Isbrücker, I. Seidel, J. Michels, E. Schraml, and A. Werner in 2001. In 2004, Jonathan W. Armbruster classified the species within Hypostomus instead of Squaliforma. In 2016, following a review of Isorineloricaria and Aphanotorulus by C. Keith Ray and Armbruster (both of Auburn University), the species was reclassified as a member of Aphanotorulus.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Willie's Lady
"Willie's Lady" (Roud 220, Child 6), in some versions "Simon's Lady", is an English-language folk song. The earliest known copy of the ballad is from a recitation transcribed in 1783.

A variant of this ballad was one of 25 traditional works included in Ballads Weird and Wonderful (1912) and illustrated by Vernon Hill.

Child Ballads
The Child Ballads are 305 traditional ballads from England and Scotland, and their American variants, anthologized by Francis James Child during the second half of the 19th century. Their lyrics and Child's studies of them were published as The English and Scottish Popular Ballads. The tunes of most of the ballads were collected and published by Bertrand Harris Bronson in and around the 1960s.
Matthew Cottrill House
The Matthew Cottrill House is a historic house at 60 Main Street in Damariscotta, Maine.  Built in 1801, it is a well-preserved example of Federal period architecture.  It is historically significant for its association with Matthew Cottrill, an Irish immigrant who was, along with business partner James Kavanagh, a major economic force in Damariscotta, and also a key force in establishing the Roman Catholic church in Maine. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 2, 1974.

Damariscotta, Maine
Damariscotta (/dæmrɪˈskɒtə/ DAM-rih-SKOT-ə) is a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,297 at the 2020 census. A popular tourist destination known for its oysters, the towns of Damariscotta and Newcastle are linked by the Main Street bridge over the Damariscotta River, forming the "Twin Villages". The name Damariscotta derives from an Algonquian word 'Madamescontee' which means place of abundance of small fish (alewives), and is shared with a census-designated place located within the town.
Kalab-e Ahmad
Kalab-e Ahmad (Persian: كلاب احمد, also Romanized as Kalāb-e Aḩmad; also known as Kalāb) is a village in Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District, Charusa District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 123, in 24 families.

Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District
Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District (Persian: دهستان طيبي سرحدئ غربي) is in Charusa District of Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, in southwestern Iran. It is administered from the city of Qaleh Raisi.
Gilbert–Varshamov bound for linear codes
The Gilbert–Varshamov bound for linear codes is related to the general Gilbert–Varshamov bound, which gives a lower bound on the maximal number of elements in an error-correcting code of a given block length and minimum Hamming weight over a field . This may be translated into a statement about the maximum rate of a code with given length and minimum distance. The Gilbert–Varshamov bound for linear codes asserts the existence of q-ary linear codes for any relative minimum distance less than the given bound that simultaneously have high rate. The existence proof uses the probabilistic method, and thus is not constructive.
The Gilbert–Varshamov bound is the best known in terms of relative distance for codes over alphabets of size less than 49.  For larger alphabets, algebraic geometry codes sometimes achieve an asymptotically better rate vs. distance tradeoff than is given by the Gilbert–Varshamov bound.

Hamming weight
The Hamming weight of a string is the number of symbols that are different from the zero-symbol of the alphabet used. It is thus equivalent to the Hamming distance from the all-zero string of the same length. For the most typical case, a given set of bits, this is the number of bits set to 1, or the digit sum of the binary representation of a given number and the ℓ₁ norm of a bit vector. In this binary case, it is also called the population count, popcount, sideways sum, or bit summation.