hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Feodor Chaliapin
Feodor Ivanovich Chaliapin (Russian: Фёдор Ива́нович Шаля́пин, romanized: Fyodor Ivanovich Shalyapin, IPA: [ˈfʲɵdər ɨˈvanəvʲɪtɕ ʂɐˈlʲapʲɪn]; 13 February [O.S. 1 February] 1873 – 12 April 1938) was a Russian opera singer. Possessing a deep and expressive bass voice, he enjoyed an important international career at major opera houses and is often credited with establishing the tradition of naturalistic acting in his chosen art form.

Faust (opera)
Faust is a grand opera in five acts by Charles Gounod to a French libretto by Jules Barbier and Michel Carré from Carré's play Faust et Marguerite, in turn loosely based on Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust, Part One. It debuted at the Théâtre Lyrique on the Boulevard du Temple in Paris on 19 March 1859, with influential sets designed by Charles-Antoine Cambon and Joseph Thierry, Jean Émile Daran, Édouard Desplechin, and Philippe Chaperon.
Parrish, Florida
Parrish is an unincorporated community in northwestern Manatee County, Florida, United States.

The community is located near the intersection of U.S. 301 and State Road 62 and is part of the North Port–Sarasota–Bradenton Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Parrish contains the Florida Railroad Museum, which operates weekend passenger rides round trip from Parrish about 6 miles (9.7 km) northeast to Willow.

Bradenton, Florida
Bradenton (/ˈbreɪdəntən/ ⓘ BRAY-dən-tən) is a city in and the county seat of Manatee County, Florida, United States. Its population was 55,698 at the 2020 census. It is a principal city in the Sarasota metropolitan area.

Downtown Bradenton is along the Manatee River and includes the Bradenton Riverwalk and Bishop Museum of Science and Nature. To the south of Bradenton is Sarasota; beach communities on Anna Maria Island are to its west, and the Manatee River and Palmetto are to its north.
2012 Tashkent Challenger
The 2012 Tashkent Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tashkent, Uzbekistan between 8 and 14 October 2012.

Tashkent Challenger
The Tashkent Challenger was a tennis tournament held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan from 2008 until 2018. It was part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour and was played on outdoor hardcourts.

Between 1997 and 2002, there was a tournament at a level equivalent to what today is the ATP 250 series, played in Tashkent, the Tashkent Open.
Stauning, Ringkøbing-Skjern
Stauning is a village with a population of 334 (1 January 2025). It is situated in Western Jutland, Denmark, at the eastern shore of Ringkøbing Fjord, 8 km west of the town of Skjern.

Stauning Church is located in the village.

The whisky distillery Stauning Whisky is located just south of the village.

Stauning Vestjylland Airport is located 4 km northwest of Stauning.

Skjern, Denmark
Skjern is a railway town just north of the Skjern river in western Jutland, Denmark with a population of 7,737 (1 January 2025). The town was the seat of the former Skjern Municipality, though since 2007 it has been the joint administrative seat of Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality.

The town's expansion in the 19th century was the result of the newly created Skjern railway station. Today, it is connected to the Esbjerg–Struer line and the Skanderborg–Skjern line. It is also served by the Stauning Vestjylland Airport, which also contains Danmarks Flymuseum, displaying historic aircraft.
National road 69 (Poland)
National road 69 (Polish: Droga krajowa nr 69, abbreviated as DK69) was a route belonging to the Polish national road network. The highway connected Bielsko-Biała with Poland–Slovakia border in Zwardoń.

From 1986 to 2000 the route was signed as:

national road 94 from Bielsko-Biała to Żywiec

national road 944 from Żywiec via Milówka and Zwardoń to country border.

On August 4, 2016, the entire route has been decommissioned and included in the course of national road 1, therefore the number 69 has been removed from the national roads network. Before 2016, national road 1 followed what is now national road 52 via Cieszyn to the state border.

National roads in Poland
According to classes and categories of public roads in Poland, a national road (Polish: Droga krajowa) is a public trunk road controlled by the Polish central government authority, the General Directorship of National Roads and Motorways (Polish: Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad). All motorways and expressways in Poland are classified as part of the national roads network.

Other types of roads in Poland are under the control of entities at voivodeship, powiat and gmina levels: voivodeship roads, powiat roads and gmina roads.
Macairog Alberto
Macairog Sabiniano Alberto is a Filipino retired general and diplomat who served as the former Commanding General of the Philippine Army. He is a graduate of the Philippine Military Academy "Sinagtala" Class of 1986.

Alberto's previous commands include the Intelligence Service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (ISAFP), as well as the 2nd and 3rd Scout Ranger Battalions.

On March 2, 2020, President Rodrigo Duterte appointed Alberto as the new Ambassador to Israel.

PMA Sinagtala Class of 1986
The Sinagtala Class of 1986 (English: light from above, lit. Starlight) was the first to graduate from the Philippine Military Academy (PMA) after the 1986 People Power revolution, and the first batch of new military officers to serve the administration of the late President Corazon Aquino.
Lake Lillian (Washington)
Lake Lillian is a freshwater lake located within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness in a valley on the southern slope of Rampart Ridge in Kittitas County, Washington, United States. Because of its close proximity to Snoqualmie Pass, Interstate 90 and several cirque on both sides of Rampart Ridge, the lake is a common area for hiking, swimming, and fishing rainbow trout. Rocky Run Creek outflows from Lake Lillian into neighboring Lake Laura and continues toward NF road 136 on Rampart Ridge Backdoor. Lake Lillian is between Keechelus Lake on the West and Kachess Lake further East.

Alpine Lakes Wilderness
The Alpine Lakes Wilderness is a large wilderness area spanning the Central Cascades of Washington state in the United States. The wilderness is located in parts of Wenatchee National Forest and Snoqualmie National Forest, and is approximately bounded by Interstate 90 and Snoqualmie Pass to the south and U.S. Route 2 and Stevens Pass to the north. The Alpine Lakes is the largest wilderness area near the population centers of Puget Sound, counted at 414,161 acres (167,605 ha) following the 2014 expansion.
Baran, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Baran [ˈbaran] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mniów, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Mniów and 21 km (13 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Mniów
Mniów [mɲuf] is a village in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Mniów. It lies approximately 17 km (11 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.
Caucanthus
Caucanthus is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Malpighiaceae.

Its native range is Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula.

Species:

Caucanthus albidus (Nied.) Nied.

Caucanthus auriculatus (Radlk.) Nied.

Caucanthus edulis Forssk.

Malpighiaceae
Malpighiaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. It comprises about 71 genera and 1315 species, all of which are native to the tropics and subtropics. About 80% of the genera and 90% of the species occur in the New World (the Caribbean and the southernmost United States to Argentina) and the rest in the Old World (Africa, Madagascar, and Indomalaya to New Caledonia and the Philippines).

One useful species in the family is Malpighia emarginata, often called acerola. The fruit is consumed in areas where the plant is native. The plant is cultivated elsewhere for the fruit, which is rich in vitamin C.

Another member of the family, caapi or yagé (Banisteriopsis caapi), is used in the entheogenic brew known as ayahuasca.

One feature found in several members of this family, and rarely in others, is providing pollinators with rewards other than pollen or nectar; this is commonly in the form of nutrient oils (resins are offered by Clusiaceae).
Siemionki, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Siemionki [ɕɛˈmjɔnki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wydminy, within Giżycko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) south of Wydminy, 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Giżycko, and 103 km (64 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Wydminy
Wydminy [vɨdˈminɨ] is a village in Giżycko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wydminy. It lies approximately 20 km (12 mi) east of Giżycko and 104 km (65 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn. It is situated on the southern shore of Wydmińskie Lake in Masuria.
Brian Graham (footballer)
Brian Graham (born 23 November 1987) is a Scottish football striker who plays for Scottish Premiership club Falkirk.

A striker, Graham spent five years at Greenock Morton after joining the club from Hillington. Whilst at Morton he spent a season on loan at East Stirlingshire in the Third Division. He then played for Raith Rovers, moving from there to Dundee United in 2013. After spending most of the 2014–15 season on loan to St Johnstone, he joined Ross County in June 2015, signed for Hibernian in August 2016 – helping them win the 2016–17 Scottish Championship – then moved to English club Cheltenham Town in August 2017. Graham returned to Ross County in August 2018 and subsequently joined Partick Thistle in 2020, going on to become team captain and one of the club's most prolific goal-scorers, netting exactly 100 goals in 207 appearances. He signed for Falkirk in June 2025.

Scottish League One
The Scottish League One, known as William Hill League One for sponsorship reasons, is the third tier of the Scottish Professional Football League, the league competition for men's professional football clubs in Scotland. The Scottish League One was established in July 2013, after the Scottish Professional Football League was formed by a merger of the Scottish Premier League and Scottish Football League.
Piston ring
A piston ring is a metallic split ring that is attached to the outside of a piston in an internal combustion engine or steam engine.

The main functions of piston rings in engines are:

Sealing the combustion chamber so that there is minimal loss of gases to the crank case.

Improving heat transfer from the piston to the cylinder wall.

Maintaining the proper quantity of the oil between the piston and the cylinder wall

Regulating engine oil consumption by scraping oil from the cylinder walls back to the sump.

Most piston rings are made from cast iron or steel.

Combustion chamber
A combustion chamber is part of an internal combustion engine in which the fuel/air mix is burned. For steam engines, the term has also been used for an extension of the firebox which is used to allow a more complete combustion process.
Gibson ES-335
The Gibson ES-335 is a semi-hollow body semi-acoustic guitar introduced by the Gibson Guitar Corporation as part of its ES (Electric Spanish) series in 1958. It has a solid maple wood block running through the center of its body with hollow upper bouts and two violin-style f-holes cut into the top over the hollow chambers. Gibson has released numerous variations and models based on the ES-335.

The ES-335 is manufactured at the Gibson Nashville facility, as of 2024. It was also produced at Gibson Memphis from 2000 until the facility closed in 2019.

Humbucker
A humbucker, humbucking pickup, or double coil, is a guitar pickup that uses two wire coils to cancel out noisy interference from coil pickups. Humbucking coils are also used in dynamic microphones to cancel electromagnetic hum. Humbuckers are one of two main types of guitar pickups. The other is called a single coil.
ULAS J1342+0928
ULAS J1342+0928 is the third-most distant known quasar detected and contains the second-most distant and oldest known supermassive black hole, at a reported redshift of z = 7.54. The ULAS J1342+0928 quasar is located in the Boötes constellation. The related supermassive black hole is reported to be "780 million times the mass of the Sun". At its discovery, it was the most distant known quasar. In 2021 it was eclipsed by QSO J0313-1806 as the most distant quasar.

Reionization
In the fields of Big Bang theory and cosmology, reionization is the process that caused electrically neutral atoms in the primordial universe to reionize after the lapse of the "dark ages". 
Detecting and studying the reionization process is challenging but multiple avenues have been pursued. 
This reionization was driven by the formation of the first stars and galaxies.
Kinthup
Kinthup, a Lepcha man from Sikkim, was an explorer in the area of Tibet in the 1880s. He is best known for his impressive devotion to duty in surveying a previously unknown area of Tibet.

Laurence Waddell, who met Kinthup in 1892, described him as follows:

[Kinthup] is a thick-set active man of medium height and middle age, with a look of dogged determination in his rugged, weather-beaten features ... His complexion is no darker brown than a swarthy Italian. His face is hairless save for one or two straggling bristles on his upper lip ... His deep-chested voice I have often heard calling clearly from a hill-top some miles away.

Laurence Waddell
Lieutenant Colonel Laurence Austine Waddell, CB, CIE, F.L.S., L.L.D, M.Ch., I.M.S. RAI, F.R.A.S (29 May 1854 – 19 September 1938) was a Scottish explorer, Professor of Tibetan, Professor of Chemistry and Pathology, Indian Army surgeon, collector in Tibet, and amateur archaeologist. Waddell also studied Sumerian and Sanskrit; he made various translations of seals and other inscriptions. His reputation as an Assyriologist gained little to no academic recognition and his books on the history of civilization have caused controversy. Some of his book publications however were popular with the public, and he is regarded by some today to have been a real-life precursor of the fictional character Indiana Jones.
Crypthonia corticorygmoides
Crypthonia corticorygmoides is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. This lichen was discovered growing on tree bark in the primary rainforest of Brazil's Amapá National Forest, and described as a new species in 2016. It is distinctive for having unusually large, white, stroma-like ascospore-producing areas that develop deep cracks when dry, giving it a unique appearance among related species.

Arthoniaceae
The Arthoniaceae are a family of lichenized, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi in the order Arthoniales. The Arthoniaceae is the largest family of Arthoniales, with around 800 species. Most species in Arthoniaceae belong in Arthonia which is the largest genus with 500 species. The second and third largest genus is Arthothelium with 80 species, and Cryptothecia with 60 species.
2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin
The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin were held on November 3, 2020, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the state of Wisconsin, one from each of the state's eight congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections. Primaries were held on August 11, 2020.

2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin
The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin were held on November 6, 2018, to elect the eight U.S. representatives from the state of Wisconsin, one from each of the state's eight congressional districts. The elections coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The Wisconsin partisan primary was held on August 14, 2018, with the governor, U.S. senator, U.S. representative, odd-numbered Wisconsin State Senate seats, and all Wisconsin Assembly seats on the ballot.

Wisconsin was notable for being the only state in which the party that won the popular vote still held a minority of congressional seats in 2018. The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel attributed this to the impact of gerrymandering imposed by the Republican-controlled Wisconsin Legislature in 2011.
2014 BDO World Darts Championship
The 2014 BDO World Darts Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2014 Lakeside World Professional Darts Championship) was the 37th World Championship organised by the British Darts Organisation, and the 29th staging at the Lakeside Country Club at Frimley Green.

Scott Waites was the defending men's champion, having won the title for the first time in the 2013 championship, but he was defeated 0–3 in the first round by eventual runner-up Alan Norris, who in turn lost to first seed Stephen Bunting in the final.
The defending women's champion was Anastasia Dobromyslova, who won her third title in 2013. She lost to the eventual champion Lisa Ashton in the semi-finals.

This tournament saw the biggest field ever for a BDO World Championship. 56 players – 40 men, up from 32 in 2013, and 16 women – up from 8 in 2013 – competed for the world titles.

Players competed to reach the BBC televised finals, which ran from 4–12 January 2014.

Frimley Green
Frimley Green is a large village and ward of 580 acres (2.3 km2) in the borough of Surrey Heath, in Surrey, England. It lies 1 mi (1.6 km) south of the town of Frimley and 30 mi (48 km) south-west of central London. Lakeside Country Club was the national venue for the BDO international darts competition. It was played annually in the village between 1986 and 2019.
Battle of Grozny (1994–1995)
The First Battle of Grozny was the Russian Army's invasion and subsequent conquest of the Chechen capital, Grozny, during the early months of the First Chechen War. The attack would last from December 1994 to March 1995, which resulted in the military occupation of the city by the Russian Army and rallied most of the Chechen nation around the government of Dzhokhar Dudayev.

The initial assault resulted in considerable Russian casualties and demoralization in the Russian forces. It took another two months of heavy fighting, and a change in tactics, before the Russian Army was able to capture Grozny. The battle caused enormous destruction and casualties amongst the civilian population and saw the heaviest bombing campaign in Europe since the end of World War II.

2K22 Tunguska
The 2K22 Tunguska (Russian: 2К22 "Тунгуска") is a Soviet tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft gun armed with a surface-to-air gun and missile system. It is designed to provide day and night protection for infantry and tank regiments against low-flying aircraft, helicopters, and cruise missiles in all weather conditions. The NATO reporting name for the missile used by the weapon system is SA-19 "Grison".
Carnacon
Carnacon or Carrownacon (Irish: Ceathrú na Con, meaning 'hound's quarter') is a village, townland and area in central County Mayo, Ireland. It is situated about 12 miles (19 km) from Castlebar, and is about 8 miles (13 km) from Claremorris and Ballinrobe.

Castlebar
Castlebar (Irish: Caisleán an Bharraigh, meaning 'Barry's Castle') is the county town of County Mayo, Ireland. Developing around a 13th-century castle of the de Barry family, from which the town got its name, Castlebar is now a social and economic focal point for the surrounding hinterland. With a population of 13,054 in the 2022 census (up from 7,648 in the 1991 census), Castlebar was one of Ireland's fastest-growing towns in the early 21st century.

A campus of Atlantic Technological University and the Country Life section of the National Museum are two important facilities in the area. The town is linked by railway to Dublin, Westport and Ballina. The main route by road is the N5.
Arthur Rock
Arthur Rock (born August 19, 1926) is an American businessman and investor. Based in Silicon Valley, California, he was an early investor in major firms including Intel, Apple, Scientific Data Systems and Teledyne.

Fairchild Semiconductor
Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc. was an American semiconductor company based in San Jose, California. It was founded in 1957 as a division of Fairchild Camera and Instrument by the "traitorous eight" who defected from Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory. It became a pioneer in the manufacturing of transistors and of integrated circuits. Schlumberger bought the firm in 1979 and sold it to National Semiconductor in 1987; Fairchild was spun off as an independent company again in 1997. In September 2016, Fairchild was acquired by ON Semiconductor.

The company had locations in the United States in San Jose, California; San Rafael, California; South Portland, Maine; West Jordan, Utah; Puyallup, Washington; and Mountaintop, Pennsylvania. Outside the US, it operated locations in Australia; Singapore; Bucheon, South Korea; Penang, Malaysia; Suzhou, China; and Cebu, Philippines, among others.
KOLI
KOLI is a radio station in Electra, Texas, serving Wichita Falls and vicinity. Until going silent in March 2025, it programmed a country music format, based in Texas country to distinguish it from sister KLUR which plays mainstream country. It operates on FM frequency 94.9 MHz and is under ownership of Cumulus Media. It was the radio flagship station for the Wichita Falls Wildcats hockey team.

Originally proposed in 1995 as a non-commercial educational station, KOLI went on the air in 1998 as a commercial oldies station programmed by, and subsequently sold to, Cumulus Media. It switched to classic country in 2001, and Texas and red dirt country in 2006. Cumulus took the station off the air in 2025.

Cumulus Media
Cumulus Media, Inc. is a broadcasting company of the United States and is the second largest owner and operator of AM and FM radio stations in the United States ahead of Audacy and behind iHeartMedia. As of June 2019, Cumulus lists ownership of 428 stations in 87 media markets. It also owns and operates Westwood One. Its headquarters are located in Atlanta, Georgia. Its subsidiaries include Cumulus Broadcasting LLC, Cumulus Licensing LLC and Broadcast Software International Inc.
Bogi Takács
Bogi Takács (born 25 December 1983) is a Hungarian poet, writer, psycholinguist, editor, and translator. Takács is an intersex, agender, trans, Jewish writer who has written Torah-inspired Jewish-themed work, and uses e/em/eir/emself or they/them pronouns.

Clarkesworld Magazine
Clarkesworld Magazine is an American online fantasy and science fiction magazine edited by Neil Clarke. It released its first issue October 1, 2006, and has maintained a regular monthly schedule since, publishing fiction by authors such as Elizabeth Bear, Kij Johnson, Caitlín R. Kiernan, Sarah Monette, Catherynne M. Valente, Jeff VanderMeer and Peter Watts.
The European Conservative
The European Conservative is a pan-European English-language publication registered in Budapest, Hungary, with an editorial office in Vienna, Austria, and news offices in Brussels, Belgium. It publishes articles, essays, interviews, and reviews about different kinds of conservative, traditionalist, reactionary, and right-wing thought in Europe and across the world.

Alberto Fernandez (diplomat)
Alberto Miguel Fernandez (born 1958) is a Cuban-American former diplomat and journalist. He was the head of the Middle East Broadcasting Networks (MBN), which includes Alhurra. Fernandez is currently vice president of the Middle East Media Research Institute, a position he held 2015–2017. He is also a contributor to EWTN News. He is a member of the Madrid Forum, an international group of individuals organized by Vox.