hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fu Zhensong
Fu Zhensong (Wade–Giles: Fu Chen-sung; 1872–1953), also known by his courtesy name Fu Qiankun, was a grandmaster of Wudangquan martial arts. He was best known as one of the famed "Five Northern Tigers," and a third-generation master of Baguazhang who founded Fu Style Baguazhang. He was also a soldier and a supporter of Sun Yat-sen.

Sun-style tai chi
The Sun-style tai chi (Chinese: 孙氏太极拳; pinyin: Sūn shì tàijíquán) is one of the five primary styles of tai chi. It is well known for its smooth, flowing movements which omit the more physically vigorous crouching, leaping and fa jin of some other styles.  Its gentle postures and high stances make it very suitable for martial arts therapy.
Vowchurch railway station
Vowchurch railway station was a railway station on the Golden Valley Railway line between Abergavenny and Hay-on-Wye. It served the village of Vowchurch in Herefordshire, England, from 1881.  The station closed and re-opened three times before the line's closure to passenger services in 1941.

The station comprised a single platform adjacent to the road and level crossing. To the west there was a goods yard which was particularly used for shipping timber. Construction materials for RAF Madley were brought through the yard during World War II. Goods services continued on the line until 1949.

Abergavenny railway station
Abergavenny railway station (Welsh: Y Fenni) is situated south-east of the town centre of Abergavenny, Wales. It lies on the Welsh Marches Line between Newport and Hereford, and is operated by Transport for Wales.

The town lies at the eastern edge of the Brecon Beacons National Park; the station is an access point to local services and public transport into the park. The station is Grade II listed.
Argia extranea
Argia extranea, the spine-tipped dancer, is a species of narrow-winged damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. It is found in the Americas.

The IUCN conservation status of Argia extranea is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable.

Coenagrionidae
Coenagrionidae is a family of damselflies, also known as pond damselflies, in the order Odonata and the suborder Zygoptera. The Zygoptera are the damselflies, which although less known than the dragonflies, are no less common. More than 1,300 species are in this family, making it the largest damselfly family. The family Coenagrionidae has six subfamilies: Agriocnemidinae, Argiinae, Coenagrioninae, Ischnurinae, Leptobasinae, and Pseudagrioninae.

This family is referred to as the narrow-winged damselflies or the pond damselflies. The Coenagrionidae enjoy a worldwide distribution, and are among the most common of damselfly families. This family has the smallest of damselfly species. More than 110 genera of the family Coenagrionidae are currently accepted.
Women in Lebanon
The legal status of women in Lebanon has improved since the 20th century; however, gender equality still remains problematic. Active feminist movements in Lebanon are trying to overcome the existing legal and sociopolitical discrimination.

During the 17 October Revolution in 2019, women called for a reform of the sectarian system in Lebanon and petitioned to acquire equal rights in the spheres of citizenship, inheritance and protection against domestic violence.

Syrian-Lebanese Women's Union
The Syrian-Lebanese Women's Union (al-Ittihad al-Nisa'i al-Suri al-Lubnani) was a women's organization in Lebanon and Syria, founded in the 1920s and active until 1946.

It has also been called Lebanese Women’s Union, Syro-Lebanese Feminist Union, Syrian Arab Women's Union and Arab Women’s Union. 
It has been referred to as the starting point of the active women's movement in Lebanon and Syria, which were united until the split of the Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon in 1946.
National Wrestling Alliance on television
The following is a historical overview television coverage provided the National Wrestling Alliance's territories. The NWA began in 1948 as a governing body for a group of independent professional wrestling promotions.

WWF Superstars of Wrestling
WWF Superstars of Wrestling, later shortened to WWF Superstars, is an American professional wrestling television program that was produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE). It debuted on September 6, 1986, as the flagship program of the WWF's syndicated programming, featuring original matches and storyline development taped at various arenas. This format ran until March 9, 1997, shortly after the show moved to cable network USA, after which Superstars was repackaged into a magazine-style recap show of other WWF programming.
William Buddicom
William Barber Buddicom (1 July 1816–4 August 1887) was a British mechanical and civil engineer best known for his pioneering achievements in innovating and expanding railway and locomotive transport through Europe during the mid 19th century.

French Revolution of 1848
The French Revolution of 1848 (French: Révolution française de 1848), also known as the February Revolution (Révolution de février), was a period of civil unrest in France, in February 1848, that led to the collapse of the July Monarchy and the foundation of the French Second Republic. It sparked the wave of revolutions of 1848.

The revolution took place in Paris, and was preceded by the French government's crackdown on the campagne des banquets. Starting on 22 February as a large-scale protest against the government of François Guizot, it later developed into a violent uprising against the monarchy. After intense urban fighting, large crowds managed to take control of the capital, leading to the abdication of King Louis Philippe I on 24 February and the subsequent proclamation of the Second Republic.
Poliany, Ternopil Oblast
Poliany (Ukrainian: Поляни) is a village in the Vyshnivets settlement hromada of the Kremenets Raion of Ternopil Oblast in Ukraine. After the liquidation of the Zbarazh Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Kremenets Raion.

Vyshnivets settlement hromada
Vyshnivets settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Вишнівецька селищна територіальна громада, romanized: Vyshnivetska selyshchna terytorialna hromada is a hromada in Ukraine, in Kremenets Raion of Ternopil Oblast. The administrative center is the urban-type settlement of Vyshnivets. Its population is 17,267 (2022 estimate) Established on 13 September 2016.
Golden Threads FC
Golden Threads Football Club is an Indian professional football club based in Kochi, Kerala, that plays in the Kerala Premier League, the top   league of football in Kerala. They have also played in the I-League Second Division.

2021–22 Kerala Premier League
The 2021–22 Kerala Premier League was the ninth season of the Kerala Premier League. The season featured 24 teams and was played in multiple venues. This season Kerala Football Association decided to add 12 more participants into the league.
2023 North Texas Mean Green football team
The 2023 North Texas Mean Green football team represented the University of North Texas as a member of American Athletic Conference (AAC) during the 2023 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by first-year head coach Eric Morris, the Mean Green compiled an overall record of 5–7 with a mark of 3–5 in conference play, placing in a three-way tie for eighth in the AAC. The team played home games at DATCU Stadium in Denton, Texas.

Eric Morris (American football)
Eric Morris (born October 26, 1985) is an American football coach and former player. He is currently the head football coach at  Oklahoma State University. He was introduced as the head coach on December 8th, 2025. He was previously the head football coach at the University of the Incarnate Word , offensive coordinator at Washington State University and head coach of the University of North Texas.
Kesuj
Kesuj (Persian: كسوج) is a village in, and the capital of, Hombarat Rural District of Mahabad District, Ardestan County, Isfahan province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kachu Sang.

Mahabad District
Mahabad District (Persian: بخش مهاباد) is in Ardestan County, Isfahan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Mahabad, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 3,727 people in 1,158 households.
Zond 3MV-1 No.2
Zond 3MV-1 No.2 (or No. 4A ), also known as Venera 1964A in the West, was a Soviet spacecraft, which was launched in 1964 as part of the Zond program. Due to a problem with its carrier rocket third stage, it failed to reach low Earth orbit.

Zond program
Zond (Russian: Зонд, lit. 'probe') was the name given to two distinct series of Soviet robotic spacecraft launched between 1964 and 1970. The first series, based on the 3MV planetary probe, was intended to gather information about nearby planets.

The second series of test spacecraft was intended as a precursor to remote-controlled robotic circumlunar loop flights, using a stripped-down variant of Soyuz spacecraft, consisting of the service and descent modules, but lacking the orbital module.

Two tortoises and other lifeforms aboard Zond 5 were the first terrestrial organisms to travel around the Moon and return to Earth.
HMS Grampus (N56)
HMS Grampus (N56) was the lead ship of her class of mine-laying submarine of the Royal Navy. She was built at Chatham Dockyard and launched on 25 February 1936. She served in World War II off China before moving to the Mediterranean Sea.

On 16 June 1940, under the command of Lieutenant Commander C. A. Rowe, Grampus laid mines in the Syracuse and Augusta, Sicily area. She was seen by the Italian torpedo boat Circe, which was on anti-submarine patrol with Clio, Calliope, and Polluce. Within a very short time, Grampus was destroyed. Wreckage came to the surface along with air bubbles and oil. Polluce was credited with the kill. There were no survivors. Some sources give the date of this action as 24 June 1940.

Grampus-class submarine
The Grampus-class submarines were a group of minelaying submarines built for the Royal Navy  in the late 1930s. These boats are sometimes referred to as the Porpoise class from the single prototype, HMS Porpoise built in 1932. Five boats to a modified design were built between 1936 and 1938. The ships were all named after marine mammals.
Askia Muhammad Gao
Askia Muhammad Gao was the last ruler of the Songhai Empire. A son of Askia Daoud, he assumed power in the last months of 1591 after the defeat of Askia Ishaq II by Moroccan forces at the Battle of Tondibi and the subsequent Battle of Bamba. About forty days after taking power he was lured into a trap by Moroccans, captured, and later executed.

Askia Daoud
Askia Daoud (also Askia Dāwūd, Askiya Dawud) was the ruler of the Songhai Empire from 1549 to 1582. His rule saw the empire rise to a peak of peace and prosperity  following a series of succession disputes and short reigns.
Elijah ben Solomon Abraham ha-Kohen
Rabbi Eliyahu ben Solomon Abraham ha-Kohen ha-Itamari (1640–1729) was a Dayan, almoner and preacher. He was born in Smyrna, where he was educated by R. Benjamin Melamed (he records the eulogy in Midrash Eliyahu), a leading Rabbi of İzmir (Smyrna), and became a homiletic preacher. R. Eliyahu's opposition to Sabbatai Zevi and his associates earned him much grief at home. He apparently cared for orphans as his writings display an extremely detailed knowledge of the physical and psychological suffering of the poor. A prolific writer, he is best remembered for his ethical work Shevet Mussar (Rod of Admonition), which has seen numerous editions and been translated into many languages. The first edition of Shevet Mussar was issued in Constantinople in 1712.

Max Seligsohn
Max Seligsohn (April 13, 1865 – April 11, 1923 Manhattan) was an American Orientalist, born in Imperial Russia.

Having received his rabbinical training at Slutsk, government (guberniya) of Minsk, he went in 1888 to New York City, where he studied modern languages till 1894, in which year he went to Paris to study Oriental languages, especially Semitic studies ("élève diplômé" of the École des Langues Orientales, 1897, and of the École des Hautes Études, 1900). In 1898 he was sent by the Alliance Israélite Universelle to Abyssinia to inquire into the conditions of the Falashas; but, certain difficulties arising, he was able to proceed no farther than Cairo, where he taught for eighteen months. Returning to Paris, he was invited in 1902 to go to New York to become a member of the staff of office editors of The Jewish Encyclopedia.
Shalimar Paints
Shalimar Paints BSE: 509874 is an Indian paints manufacturing company. The company engages in the manufacturing and marketing of decorative paints and industrial coatings. Some of India's buildings and structures such as the Howrah Bridge, Rashtrapati Bhawan, Salt Lake Stadium, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, and many others, continue to be painted with Shalimar Paints.

Bombay Stock Exchange
BSE Limited, also known as the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), is an Indian stock exchange based in Mumbai. Established in 1875, it is the oldest stock exchange in Asia, and also the tenth oldest in the world. It is the 6th largest stock exchange in the world by total market capitalisation, exceeding $5 trillion in May 2024.
Al-Aḥzāb
Al-Ahzab (Arabic: الأحزاب, al-aḥzāb; meaning: the confederates, or "the clans", "the coalition", or "the combined forces") is the 33rd chapter (sūrah) of the Quran (Q33) with 73 verses (āyāt). The sūrah takes its name from the mention of the parties (al-aḥzāb), or confederates (an alliance among the Quraysh and other tribes), who fought the Muslims at the Battle of the Trench (5/627), also known as the Battle of the Parties and as the siege of Madinah.

Islamic adoptional jurisprudence
Islamic views on adoption are generally distinct from practices and customs of adoption in other non-Muslim parts of the world like Western or East Asian societies. Adoption in the western sense of the word is not recognized in Islam.
Goshute
The Goshutes are a tribe of Western Shoshone Native Americans. There are two federally recognized Goshute tribes today:

Confederated Tribes of the Goshute Reservation, located in Nevada and Utah

Skull Valley Band of Goshute Indians of Utah of the Skull Valley Indian Reservation, located in Utah

Benson Grist Mill
Benson Grist Mill is a restoration-replica museum located in Tooele County, Utah in the western United States, which allows visitors to see the inner workings of a latter-nineteenth-century pioneer gristmill. It has four other historic (nineteenth-century) buildings which have been moved onto the site, as well as four ancillary structures, including an open-air pavilion. It covers 6.98 acres (2.82 hectare) along State Highway 138, 0.8 mile southwest of the intersection of the Road with State Highway 36 (known as Mills Junction). The museum is owned and operated by a division of Tooele County.
Cross-fostering
Cross-fostering is a technique used in animal husbandry, animal science, genetic and nature versus nurture studies, and conservation, whereby offspring are removed from their biological parents at birth and raised by surrogates, typically of a different species, hence 'cross.' This can also occasionally occur in nature.

Offspring
In biology, offspring are the young creation of living organisms, produced either by sexual or asexual reproduction. Collective offspring may be known as a brood or progeny. This can refer to a set of simultaneous offspring, such as the chicks hatched from one clutch of eggs, or to all offspring produced over time, as with the honeybee.  Offspring can occur after mating, artificial insemination, or as a result of cloning.

Human offspring (descendants) are referred to as children; male children are sons and female children are daughters (see Kinship).
Radio Exitosa
Radio Exitosa is a Peruvian radio network headquartered in Lima, owned by Corporación Universal, which also operates Radio Karibeña and Radio Zeta Rock & Pop. Its main station in Lima broadcasts on 95.5 MHz, and the network is present in over 60 cities.

Radio Karibeña
Radio Karibeña (better known as La Karibeña) is a Peruvian radio station. Its programming consists of tropical genres such as cumbia and salsa.

Its main station is OCZ-4T FM, which transmits on the frequency 94.9 MHz of the FM band in Lima. The station has several repeater stations nationwide and also broadcasts via the Internet. Its owner is Corporación Universal.
Vortex lift
Vortex lift is that portion of lift due to the action of leading edge vortices. It is generated by wings with highly sweptback, sharp, leading edges (beyond 50 degrees of sweep) or highly-swept wing-root extensions added to a wing of moderate sweep. It is sometimes known as non-linear lift due to its rapid increase with angle of attack and controlled separation lift, to distinguish it from conventional lift which occurs with attached flow.

Lift (force)
When a fluid flows around an object, the fluid exerts a force on the object. Lift is the component of this force that is perpendicular to the oncoming flow direction. It contrasts with the drag force, which is the component of the force parallel to the flow direction. Lift conventionally acts in an upward direction in order to counter the force of gravity, but it may act in any direction perpendicular to the flow.

If the surrounding fluid is air, the force is called an aerodynamic force. In water or any other liquid, it is called a hydrodynamic force.

Dynamic lift is distinguished from other kinds of lift in fluids. Aerostatic lift or buoyancy, in which an internal fluid is lighter than the surrounding fluid, does not require movement and is used by balloons, blimps, dirigibles, boats, and submarines. Planing lift, in which only the lower portion of the body is immersed in a liquid flow, is used by motorboats, surfboards, windsurfers, sailboats, and water-skis.
9th Corps (Yugoslav Partisans)
The Partisan 9th Corps (Slovene: IX Korpus), was a formation of the Yugoslav Partisans during World War II. It consisted of division and brigade-size units, and operated in the Italian-annexed Province of Ljubljana, in Yugoslav territories under German civil administration, the Independent State of Croatia and northeastern Italy during World War II.

The corps took part in many operations against Germans and Italians forces prior to the surrender of Italy on 8 September 1943. One of the most significant was the German Operation Adler.

After a decision of Palmiro Togliatti, all communist units (named Garibaldini after Giuseppe Garibaldi) operating in territories reclaimed by the Yugoslavs were to be incorporated into the Yugoslav Partisans, and wrote personally the content of the order of the day to be adopted by communist partisans.

World War II in the Slovene Lands
World War II in the Slovene Lands started in April 1941 and lasted until May 1945. The Slovene Lands were in a unique situation during World War II in Europe. In addition to being trisected, a fate which also befell Greece, Drava Banovina (roughly today's Slovenia) was the only region that experienced a further step—absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. The Slovene-settled territory was divided largely between Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, with smaller territories occupied and annexed by Hungary and the Independent State of Croatia.
John Stead (mayor)
John Stead (21 April 1854 – 26 August 1922) was a Scottish-born New Zealand politician. He was a losing candidate in the 1894 Invercargill mayoral election and 1896 Invercargill mayoral election. He was deputy mayor of Invercargill from 1915 to 1916 and mayor of Invercargill twice (1898–1899 and 1917–1921). He was the father of All Blacks rugby player Billy Stead.

Billy Stead
Billy Stead, born John William Stead, (18 September 1877 – 21 July 1958) was a rugby union player born in Invercargill who played for New Zealand, the All Blacks, on their 1905–06 tour. Stead also played provincially for Southland, and later coached various teams, including Southland and the New Zealand Māori. A bootmaker by trade, he also co-authored The Complete Rugby Footballer with Dave Gallaher, and was a columnist for the Southland Times, and New Zealand Truth.
Loch Druidibeg
Loch Druidibeag is a freshwater loch situated on the island of South Uist, in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. The loch is near the northern end of the island, to the north-east of Howmore and to the east of the A865 road and south of the B890.

The loch is a Site of Special Scientific Interest and a Ramsar site, and forms part of the South Uist Machair Special Area of Conservation and the South Uist Machair and Lochs Special Protection Area. Loch Druidibeg was designated as a National Nature Reserve (NNR), but was de-declared in 2012. The loch was also formerly a biosphere reserve, being so-designated in 1976, but this status was withdrawn in 2013. The local planning authority is Comhairle nan Eilean Siar.

South Uist
South Uist (Scottish Gaelic: Uibhist a Deas, [ˈɯ.ɪʃtʲ ə ˈtʲes̪] ⓘ; Scots: Sooth Uist) is the second-largest island of the Outer Hebrides in Scotland. At the 2022 census it had a usually resident population of 1,650, a decrease of 104 since 2011. The island, in common with the rest of the Hebrides, is one of the last remaining strongholds of the Gaelic language in Scotland. South Uist's inhabitants are known in Gaelic as Deasaich (Southerners). The population is about 90% Roman Catholic.

The island is home to a nature reserve and a number of sites of archaeological interest, including the only location in the British Isles where prehistoric mummies have been found. In the northwest, there is a missile testing range. In 2006 South Uist, together with neighbouring Benbecula and Eriskay, was involved in Scotland's biggest-ever community land buyout by Stòras Uibhist. The group also owns the "biggest community wind farm in Scotland", Lochcarnan, on South Uist which opened in 2013.
Integral linear operator
In mathematical analysis, an integral linear operator is a linear operator T given by integration; i.e.,

where  is called an integration kernel.

More generally, an integral bilinear form is a bilinear functional that belongs to the continuous dual space of , the injective tensor product of the locally convex topological vector spaces (TVSs) X and Y. An integral linear operator is a continuous linear operator that arises in a canonical way from an integral bilinear form.

These maps play an important role in the theory of nuclear spaces and nuclear maps.

Projective tensor product
In functional analysis, an area of mathematics, the projective tensor product of two locally convex topological vector spaces is a natural topological vector space structure on their tensor product. Namely, given locally convex topological vector spaces  and , the projective topology, or π-topology, on  is the strongest topology which makes  a locally convex topological vector space such that the canonical map  (from  to ) is continuous. When equipped with this topology,  is denoted  and called the projective tensor product of  and . It is a particular instance of a topological tensor product.
Piano Sonata No. 12 (Beethoven)
Ludwig van Beethoven composed his Piano Sonata No. 12 in A♭ major, Op. 26, in 1800–01, around the same time as he completed his First Symphony. He dedicated the sonata to Prince Karl von Lichnowsky, who had been his patron since 1792.

Consisting of four movements, the sonata takes around 20–22 minutes to perform.

The autograph manuscript of the sonata is preserved in the Jagiellonian Library.

Symphony No. 1 (Beethoven)
Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 1 in C major, Op. 21, was dedicated to Baron Gottfried van Swieten, an early patron of the composer. The piece was published in 1801 by Hoffmeister & Kühnel of Leipzig. It is not known exactly when Beethoven finished writing this work, but sketches of the finale were found to be from 1795.