hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Woolverstone Hall School
In the early 1950s the London County Council obtained use of Woolverstone Hall near Ipswich, Suffolk, and some 50 acres (200,000 m2) of adjoining land for the purpose of establishing a secondary grammar boarding school for London boys.  The premises were previously occupied by the LNS Woolverstone, a branch of the London Nautical School, some students of which were permitted to complete their education in the new environment, which commenced experimentally in 1950. In September 1951, the new school formally opened with mostly new teaching staff under headmaster J. S. H. Smitherman. It became comprehensive in 1977, under the auspices of the Inner London Education Authority. The school closed in 1990 and the site was sold to the Girls' Day School Trust. In 1992 it became the home of Ipswich High School.

Inner London Education Authority
The Inner London Education Authority (ILEA) was the local education authority for the City of London and the 12 Inner London boroughs from 1965 until its abolition in 1990. From 1965 to 1986 it was an ad hoc committee of the Greater London Council; on 1 April 1986 it was reconstituted as a directly elected body corporate.
Transfer-matrix method (statistical mechanics)
In statistical mechanics, the transfer-matrix method is a mathematical technique which is used to write the partition function into a simpler form. It was introduced in 1941 by Hans Kramers and Gregory Wannier. In many one dimensional lattice models, the partition function is first written as an n-fold summation over each possible microstate, and also contains an additional summation of each component's contribution to the energy of the system within each microstate.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Kuntur Wamani (Castrovirreyna)
Kuntur Wamani (Quechua kuntur condor, wamani sternum; xiphoid process; god of the Ch'anka mythology; provinces of the Inca Empire, Hispanicized spellings Condor Huamani, Condor Huamaní) is a mountain in the Chunta mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It is situated in the Huancavelica Region, Castrovirreyna Province, Santa Ana District. Kuntur Wamani lies southwest of Qarwarasu.

Chonta mountain range
The Chonta mountain range (possibly from Aymara chunta prolonged, lengthened, Quechua chunta a kind of palm,) lies in the Huancavelica Region in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 12°37' and 13°07'S and  75°00' and 75°30'W for about 50 km. It is located in the Castrovirreyna Province and in the Huancavelica Province.
Pyrrosia
Pyrrosia is a genus of about 100 fern species in the polypod family, Polypodiaceae. Like other species in Polypodiaceae, the species of Pyrrosia are generally epiphytic on trees or rocks, a few species are terrestrial. The Latin name of Pyrrosia comes from the Greek pyrrhos (red), which refers to its leaves that are red due to the sporangia.

Pyrrosia lingua
Pyrrosia lingua is a species of epiphytic fern in the family Polypodiaceae. It occurs through China and Southeast Asia and into Japan and Taiwan. Pyrrosia lingua is grown as a cultivated plant, and multiple named cultivars have been developed.
C. Mohan
Chandrasekaran Mohan is an Indian-born American computer scientist. He was born on 3 August 1955 in Tamil Nadu, India. After growing up there and finishing his undergraduate studies in Chennai, he moved to the United States in 1977 for graduate studies, naturalizing in 2007. In June 2020, he retired from being an IBM Fellow at the IBM Almaden Research Center (San Jose, California) after working at IBM Research for 38.5 years. Currently, he is a visiting professor at China's Tsinghua University. He is also an Honorary Advisor at the Tamil Nadu e-Governance Agency (TNeGA) in Chennai and an advisor at the Kerala Blockchain Academy in Kerala.

IBM Fellow
An IBM Fellow is a position at IBM appointed by the CEO. Typically only four to nine (eleven in 2014) IBM Fellows are appointed each year, in May or June. Fellow is the highest honor a scientist, engineer, or programmer at IBM can achieve.
2012 Western & Southern Open
The 2012 Western and Southern Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts.  It was the 111th edition (for the men) and the 84th (for the women) of the Cincinnati Masters, and was part of the ATP World Tour Masters 1000 of the 2012 ATP World Tour, and of the WTA Premier 5 tournaments of the 2012 WTA Tour. The tournament was held at the Lindner Family Tennis Center in Mason, Ohio, United States, from August 11 to August 19, 2012. Roger Federer and Li Na won the singles titles.

Cincinnati Open
The Cincinnati Open is an annual professional tennis event held in Cincinnati, United States. It is played on outdoor hard courts at the Lindner Family Tennis Center in Mason, Ohio, and is held in August. The event started on September 18, 1899, and is the oldest tennis tournament in the United States still played in (or near) its original city. It also is the third largest tennis event in the United States, after the US Open and the Indian Wells Open. It is one of the ATP Masters 1000 tournaments on the ATP Tour, and one of the WTA 1000 tournaments on the WTA Tour.
2015 São Paulo Challenger de Tênis
The 2015 São Paulo Challenger de Tênis was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in São Paulo, Brazil between 27 April and 2 May 2015.

2015 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2015 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2015 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 166 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 38th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 7th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Hill Top, New South Wales
Hill Top is a Northern Village of the Southern Highlands  of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. Previous names of the village include Hilltop and Jellore. It is a 17 km drive to Mittagong and around 10 km drive to the Hume Highway via Colo Vale. It is roughly 6–8 km to Yerrinbool as the crow flies.

Mittagong
Mittagong (/mɪtəɡɒŋ/, mit-ə-GONG) is a town located in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. The town acts as the gateway to the Southern Highlands when coming from Sydney. Mittagong is situated at an elevation of 635 metres (2,083 ft). The town is close to Bowral, Berrima, Moss Vale and the Northern Villages such as Yerrinbool and Colo Vale. Moreover, Mittagong is home to many wineries of the Southern Highlands which has been a recent growing wine and cellar door region.
Graham John Hills
Sir Graham Hills FRSE (9 April 1926 – 9 February 2014) was a physical chemist,  principal of the University of Strathclyde, and a governor of the BBC. He was born in Southend-on-Sea, Essex and educated at Westcliff High School for Boys and Birkbeck College, London (BSc 1946, PhD 1950). He was knighted in 1988 for his services to education.

Scottish Enterprise
Scottish Enterprise (Scottish Gaelic: Iomairt na h-Alba) is a non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government which encourages economic development, enterprise, innovation, international and investment in business. The body covers the eastern and central parts of Scotland whilst similar bodies, Highlands and Islands Enterprise and South of Scotland Enterprise, operate in north-western and southern Scotland, respectively.
Sallıca, Ergani
Sallıca (Kurdish: Tayan) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Ergani, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds of the Cemaldini tribe and had a population of 240 in 2022.

Ergani
Ergani (Ottoman Turkish: عثمانيه, romanized: Osmaniye, Kurdish: Erxenî), formerly known as Arghni or Arghana, is a municipality and district of Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,510 km2, and its population is 136,099 (2022). Ergani District is located in the administrative as the Southeastern Anatolia Region, but as a geographical region it is located in Eastern Anatolia. The mayor is Ahmet Kaya (HDP) since 2019. Ahmet Karaaslan was appointed as the District Governor.
Columbia Area Career Center
The Columbia Area Career Center is a vocational school in Columbia, Missouri operated by Columbia Public Schools providing career and technical education. Students are mainly from Columbia's four public high schools: Hickman High School, Douglass High School, Rock Bridge High School, and Battle High School. The Career Center also serves students from Columbia Independent School, Christian Fellowship School, Heritage Academy, Tolton High School, and Centralia High School. The school also offers professional and community education for adults. It is located just north of Rock Bridge High School in South Columbia.

Battle High School
Muriel Williams Battle High School (commonly known as Battle) is a public high school in Columbia, Missouri, United States. It opened for summer school on June 3, 2013, and began its first school year in August 2013. The school serves students in grades 9–12 and has a preschool classroom., although seniors did not attend the first year of operation. It is one of four public high schools in the Columbia Public Schools district. It is also the high school with the most fights in said district.
Ylvingen Chapel
Ylvingen Chapel (Norwegian: Ylvingen kapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Vega Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located on the island of Ylvingen. It is an annex chapel in the Vega parish which is part of the Sør-Helgeland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland. The white, wooden chapel was built in a long church style in 1967 using plans drawn up by the architect Arne Reppen. The chapel seats about 80 people. The chapel was consecrated on 15 June 1967 by the Bishop Hans Edvard Wisløff.

Vega Municipality
Vega is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland traditional region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Gladstad. Other villages include Holand and Ylvingen.

The municipality comprises about 6,500 islands in the Vega Archipelago. The main island of the municipality is the island of Vega, and it is also the largest at 163 square kilometres (63 sq mi). Bremstein Lighthouse is located in the southwestern part of the municipality.

The 165-square-kilometre (64 sq mi) municipality is the 315th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vega Municipality is the 321st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,208. The municipality's population density is 7.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (19/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1.2% over the previous 10-year period.
Mamudo
Mamudo is a ward and constituency located under Potiskum (LGA) of Yobe State in the Northeastern part of Nigeria. It serves as one of the political and administrative divisions of the Potiskum Local Government, and it is represented in the Yobe State House of Assembly as the Mamudo Constituency. Yobe's capital (Damaturu) is approximately 85 km / 53 mi away from Mamudo (as the crow flies). The distance from Mamudo to Nigeria's capital (Abuja) is approximately 498 km / 309 mi (as the crow flies).

Potiskum
Potiskum (also Pataskum) is a local government area and city in Yobe State northeastern part of Nigeria. It's the largest, most populous and fastest growing city in Yobe State. Of the native languages in Yobe State, Potiskum is home to several major groups which include the Karai-Karai, Ngizim and Hausa-Fulani. It is on the A3 highway at 11°43′N 11°04′E﻿ / ﻿11.717°N 11.067°E﻿ / 11.717; 11.067. It has an area of 559 square kilometres (216 sq mi).

Potiskum was organized by the Ngizim people, who had subjugated the Karakare people.[1] The state was formed in 1809 by a Chief of the Ngizim named Mai Bauya
Adhika-masa
Adhika-māsa (Sanskrit: अधिकमास, romanized: Adhikamāsa), also called the Adhik-mas, Mala-māsa, and the Purushottama-māsa, is an intercalated month in the Hindu calendar that is inserted to keep the lunar calendar aligned with the months of the year. The adhika-masa is an extra lunar month added to the solar calendar every three years so that the lunar and the solar years are synchronised, along with the agricultural cycle and seasons.

Vrata
Vrata is a Sanskrit word that means "vow, resolve, devotion", and refers to pious observances such as fasting and pilgrimage (Tirtha) found in Indian religions such as Hinduism and Jainism. It is typically accompanied with prayers seeking health and happiness for their loved ones.
Choctaw Beach, Florida
Choctaw Beach, Florida, is a community located west of Freeport, Florida, and Portland, Florida, and east of Niceville, Florida. It is located along the shores of the Choctawhatchee Bay.

The Walton County Fire Station 10 is located in Choctaw Beach. The fire station is usually staffed by only two firefighters at a time.

Freeport, Florida
Freeport is a city in Walton County, Florida, United States. It is part of the Crestview–Fort Walton Beach–Destin, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Freeport had a population of 5,861, up from 1,787 at the 2010 census. Freeport is one of the fastest growing cities in Florida. After the construction of the massive group of neighborhoods, Hammock Bay, the population grew by about two thousand.
NGC 4211
NGC 4211 is a pair of interacting lenticular galaxies located 300 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered on April 30, 1881, by astronomer Édouard Stephan. NGC 4211 is a field galaxy and is part of the Coma Supercluster.

NGC 4211 is a LINER galaxy, and is host to a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of  8.3 × 108 M☉.

Field galaxy
A field galaxy is a galaxy that does not belong to a larger galaxy group or cluster and hence is gravitationally alone.

Roughly 80% of all galaxies located within 5 Mpc (16 Mly) of the Milky Way are in groups or clusters of galaxies. Most low-surface-brightness galaxies are field galaxies. The median Hubble-type of field galaxies is Sb, a type of spiral galaxy.
Anarchism and Esperanto
Anarchism and Esperanto have been closely linked since the early days of the Esperanto movement, as anarchists were mobilised by the idea of an international auxiliary language. Several Esperanto anarchist publications were established throughout the early 20th century, and some anarchists have remained active within Esperanto circles into the contemporary period.

Esperanto movement
The Esperanto movement, less commonly referred to as Esperantism (Esperanto: Esperantismo), is a movement to disseminate the use of the planned international language Esperanto. The movement does not aim to supplant national languages but merely to supplement them. The movement is sometimes used to describe all speakers of Esperanto including their culture.
Stapar
Stapar (Serbian Cyrillic: Стапар) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Sombor municipality, in the West Bačka District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 3,720 people (2002 census).

West Bačka District
The West Bačka District (Serbian: Западнобачки округ, romanized: Zapadnobački okrug, pronounced [zâːpadnobâːtʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the geographical region of Bačka. According to the 2022 census, West Bačka District has a population of 154,491 inhabitants. The administrative center of the district is the city of Sombor.
20-Solagii Istiqloliyati Tojikiston
20-Solagii Istiqloliyati Tojikiston (Russian: 20-летия Независимости Республики Таджикистан; Tajik: Ҷамоати 20-солагии Истиқлолияти Тоҷикистон, literal translation: "20 years independence of Tajikistan", formerly: Komsomolobod) is a jamoat in Tajikistan. It is located in Farkhor District in Khatlon Region. The jamoat has a total population of 14,736 (2015).

Jamoats of Tajikistan
The jamoats of Tajikistan (Russian: джамоаты, romanized: dzhamoaty; Tajik: ҷамоати деҳот, romanized: jamoati dehot, "village communes") are the third-level administrative divisions, similar to communes or municipalities, in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. As of January 2020, there are 368 rural jamoats, 65 towns and 18 cities in Tajikistan. Each jamoat is further subdivided into villages (or deha or qyshqol)

The jamoats and towns, and their population figures (as of January 2015) by district of each region are listed below:
Wagner's disease
Wagner's disease is a familial disease of the eye that can cause reduced visual acuity. Wagner's disease was originally described in 1938. This disorder was frequently confused with Stickler syndrome, but lacks the systemic features and high incidence of retinal detachments. Inheritance is autosomal dominant, and affects less than 1,000 people in the United States.

Stickler syndrome
Stickler syndrome (hereditary progressive arthro-ophthalmodystrophy) is a group of rare genetic disorders affecting connective tissue, specifically collagen. Stickler syndrome is a subtype of collagenopathy, types II and XI. Stickler syndrome is characterized by distinctive facial abnormalities, ocular problems, hearing loss, and joint and skeletal problems. It was first studied and characterized by Gunnar B. Stickler in 1965.
History of R.S.C. Anderlecht
The history of R.S.C. Anderlecht started with the foundation of the association football club Sporting Club Anderlechtois on 27 May 1908 by a dozen of football lovers gathered by Charles Roos at the Concordia café (located on Rue d'Aumale in the Brussels municipality of Anderlecht).

R.W.D. Molenbeek (1909)
R.W.D. Molenbeek, short for Racing White Daring Molenbeek, was a Belgian football club founded in 1909 as White Star Club de Bruxelles.  It then became a member of the Belgian Football Association later the same year as White Star Athletic Club and received the registration number 47.
Avirak
Avirak (Persian: اويرك, also romanized as Avīrak) is a village in Rudbar-e Mohammad-e Zamani Rural District, Alamut-e Gharbi District, Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 292, living in 95 families.

Rudbar-e Mohammad-e Zamani Rural District
Rudbar-e Mohammad-e Zamani Rural District (Persian: دهستان رودبار محمد زماني) is in Rudbar-e Alamut-e Gharbi District of Qazvin County, Qazvin province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Rajai Dasht.
Eureka and Palisade Railroad 4 Eureka
The Eureka is a privately owned 3 ft (914 mm) gauge steam locomotive based in Las Vegas, Nevada. It is one of three preserved Baldwin class 8-18 C 4-4-0 locomotives in the United States, of which it is the only operable example. It is listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places.

4-4-0
4-4-0, in the Whyte notation, denotes a steam locomotive with a wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles (usually in a leading bogie), four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and no trailing wheels.

First built in the 1830s, locomotives with this wheel arrangement were known as "standard" or "Eight-Wheeler" type. In the first half of the 19th century, almost every major railroad in North America owned and operated locomotives of this type, and many rebuilt their 4-2-0 and 2-4-0 locomotives as 4-4-0s.

In April 1872, Railroad Gazette used "American" as the name of the type. The type subsequently also became popular in the United Kingdom, where large numbers were produced.

The vast majority of 4-4-0 locomotives had tenders, though some tank locomotives (designated 4-4-0T) were built.
Harold J. Brubaker
Harold J. Brubaker is a Republican politician who served in the North Carolina General Assembly. He represented the state's seventy-eighth House district, including constituents in Randolph County, for 35 years. He resigned in 2012 with plans to become a lobbyist. At the time he was the longest-serving sitting member of the House.

He was born and grew up in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.

Brubaker was Speaker of the House for two terms (1995–1998). He was the only Republican Speaker in North Carolina in the twentieth century, the first Republican speaker since Zeb V. Walser (1895) and the first non-Democrat to be speaker since Populist A. F. Hileman (1897).

A real estate appraiser and cattle breeder from Asheboro, North Carolina, Brubaker was first elected to the House in 1976 and in 2011 became chairman of the House Appropriations Committee.

He is a board member and chairman emeritus of the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC).

Zeb V. Walser
Zeb Vance Walser (June 17, 1866 – February 17, 1940) was a North Carolina attorney and politician. Named for Governor Zebulon B. Vance, Walser nevertheless became active in the Republican Party rather than Vance's Democrats. He served in the North Carolina House of Representatives including as Speaker of the North Carolina House of Representatives. He also served as Attorney General of North Carolina.
Holopaw, Florida
Holopaw is an unincorporated community in Osceola County, Florida, United States. It is located at the eastern end of the multiplex of highways US 192 and US 441. It has a population of fewer than 5,000 people and is part of the Orlando-Kissimmee Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Holopaw, a Creek Indian word meaning "Walkway" or "Pavement", was a stop along the Kissimmee Valley extension of the Florida East Coast Railway.

Greater Orlando
The Orlando metropolitan area (officially, for U.S. census purposes, the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford, Florida metropolitan statistical area, MSA) is an inland metropolitan area in the central region of the U.S. state of Florida. Its principal cities are Orlando, Kissimmee, and Sanford. The U.S. Office of Management and Budget defines it as consisting of the counties of Lake, Orange (including Orlando), Osceola, and Seminole.

According to the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Greater Orlando is 2,673,376, an increase of nearly 540,000 new residents between 2010 and 2020.

By population, it is the third-largest metropolitan area in Florida, the seventh-largest in the Southeastern United States, and the 22nd-largest in the United States. The MSA encompasses 4,012 square miles (10,400 km2) of total area (both land and water areas).
Radio Brockley
Radio Brockley was founded in 1966 to provide a hospital radio station for the patients of the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital in Stanmore, North West London.

The station was named Radio Brockley after the hill on which the hospital is situated.  The 4 founder members were Mike Alinek, Barry Cobden, Ian Downs and Mike Solomons who were assisted by 2 others.  All 6 had previously volunteered at Radio Edgware, another hospital radio based at the nearby Edgware General Hospital.

The station was opened by the local Member of Parliament Roy Roebuck in October 1966.

Radio Brockley is London's longest continually running hospital radio service and has won many awards, including the Hospital Broadcasting Association "Station Of The Year" in 2016, 2018 and 2020.  It is a member of the Hospital Broadcasting Association, is registered as a Charity in England and Wales and is run entirely by volunteers.

Hospital radio
Hospital radio is a form of audio broadcasting produced specifically for the in-patients of hospitals, primarily in the United Kingdom.  Hospital radio has been found to be beneficial to patients, lifting their mood and aiding recovery.

There are hundreds of hospital radio stations in the UK, almost all are members of the Hospital Broadcasting Association (HBA), which was set up by stations for their mutual benefit and does not govern or run them. Hospital radio stations are staffed and managed by volunteers.