hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Right to know
Right to know is a human right enshrined in law in several countries. UNESCO defines it as the right for people to  "participate in an informed way in decisions that affect them, while also holding governments and others accountable". It pursues universal access to information as essential foundation of inclusive knowledge societies. It is often defined in the context of the right for people to know about their potential exposure to environmental conditions or substances that may cause illness or injury, but it can also refer more generally to freedom of information or informed consent.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA; /ˈoʊʃə/) is a regulatory agency of the United States Department of Labor that originally had federal visitorial powers to inspect and examine workplaces.: 12, 16  The United States Congress established the agency under the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act), which President Richard M. Nixon signed into law on December 29, 1970. OSHA's mission is to "assure safe and healthy working conditions for working men and women by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education, and assistance". The agency is also charged with enforcing a variety of whistleblower statutes and regulations. OSHA's workplace safety inspections have been shown to reduce injury rates and injury costs without adverse effects on employment, sales, credit ratings, or firm survival.
Fn key
The Fn key, short form for function, is a modifier key on many keyboards, especially external keyboards, and is not available for mobile devices. For use in a compact layout, combine keys which are normally kept separate. Alt + Fn is typically found on laptops due to their keyboard size restrictions. It is also found on many full-sized "multimedia" keyboards as the F-Lock key. It is mainly for the purpose of changing display or audio settings quickly, such as brightness, contrast, or volume, and is held down in conjunction with the Caps Lock to change the settings.

Caps Lock
Caps Lock (⇪ Caps Lock) is a button on a computer keyboard that causes all letters of bicameral scripts to be generated in capital letters. It is a toggle key: each press reverses the previous action. Some keyboards also implement a light to give visual feedback about whether it is on or off. Exactly what Caps Lock does depends on the keyboard hardware, the operating system, the device driver, and the keyboard layout. Usually, the effect is limited to letter keys. Letters of non-bicameral scripts (e.g. Arabic, Hebrew, Hindi) and non-letter characters are generated normally.
Dawid Kruiper Local Municipality elections
The Dawid Kruiper Local Municipality council was formed in 2016 and consists of thirty-three members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Seventeen councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in seventeen wards, while the remaining sixteen are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 1 November 2021 the African National Congress (ANC) won a majority of eighteen seats.

Dawid Kruiper Local Municipality
Dawid Kruiper Municipality (Afrikaans: Dawid Kruiper Munisipaliteit) is a local municipality within the ZF Mgcawu District Municipality, in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It was established after the August 2016 local elections by merging the Mier and //Khara Hais local municipalities. The municipality is named after the San politician Dawid Kruiper.
Owusu-Ansa
Owusu-Ansa (1823 - November 13, 1884) was a prince of the Ashanti Empire. He was taken to the United Kingdom as adolescent, where he received a British education. After his return to West Africa in 1841, he first became a Methodist minister and, after his resignation from that position, a diplomat in the Ashanti Empire and the British Gold Coast. He played an important role in ending or preventing several Anglo-Ashanti conflicts.

Anglo-Ashanti wars
The Anglo-Ashanti wars were a series of five conflicts that took place between 1824 and 1900 between the Ashanti Empire—in the Akan interior of the Gold Coast—and the British Empire and its African allies. Despite initial Ashanti victories, the British ultimately prevailed in the conflicts, resulting in the complete annexation of the Ashanti Empire by 1900.
I (Cyrillic)
I (И и; italics: И и or И и; italics: И и) is a letter used in almost all modern Cyrillic alphabets with the exception of Belarusian, where it is replaced by І.

It commonly represents either the close front unrounded vowel /i/ (e.g., in Ukrainian), like the pronunciation of ⟨i⟩ in "machine", or the near-close near-front unrounded vowel /ɪ/, (e.g., in Russian), like the pronunciation of ⟨i⟩ in "bin".

Grave accent
The grave accent (`, ◌̀)  (/ɡreɪv/ GRAYV or /ɡrɑːv/ GRAHV) is a diacritical mark used to varying degrees in French, Dutch, Portuguese, Italian, Catalan and many other Western European languages as well as for a few unusual uses in English. It is also used in other languages using the Latin alphabet, such as Mohawk and Yoruba, and with non-Latin writing systems such as the Greek and Cyrillic alphabets and the Bopomofo or Zhuyin Fuhao semi-syllabary. It has no single meaning, but can indicate pitch, stress, or other features.

For the most commonly encountered uses of the accent in the Latin and Greek alphabets, precomposed characters are available. For less-used and compound diacritics, a combining character facility is available. A free-standing version of the symbol (`), commonly called a backtick, also exists and has acquired other uses.
Battle of Hanau
The Battle of Hanau was fought from 30 to 31 October 1813 between Karl Philipp von Wrede's Austro-Bavarian corps and Napoleon's retreating French during the War of the Sixth Coalition.

Following Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Leipzig earlier in October, Napoleon began to retreat from Germany into France and relative safety. Wrede attempted to block Napoleon's line of retreat at Hanau on 30 October. Napoleon arrived at Hanau with reinforcements and defeated Wrede's forces. On 31 October Hanau was in French control, opening Napoleon's line of retreat.

The Battle of Hanau was an important tactical victory allowing Napoleon's depleted army to retreat onto French soil to prepare to face an invasion of France.

Étienne Macdonald
Étienne Jacques-Joseph-Alexandre Macdonald, 1st duc de Tarente (French pronunciation: [etjɛn ʒak ʒozɛf alɛksɑ̃dʁ makdɔnald]; 17 November 1765 – 25 September 1840), was a Marshal of the Empire and military leader during the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars. While not as famous as the other marshals of Napoleon, he was nonetheless a first-rate and successful general.

Macdonald distinguished himself during the War of the First Coalition, with Macdonald being instrumental in the French victory during the Flanders campaign. He saw service in the Low Countries, Germany and Italy. He was one of the most successful Republican generals, playing an important role in extending French control over Europe during the French Revolutionary Wars.
Slow media
Slow media is a movement focusing on the pace of media production and consumption in the digital age. It advocates for alternative ways of making and using media that are more intentional, more enjoyable, longer lasting, better researched/written/designed, more ethical, and of higher quality overall.

Slow Media developed in response to complex media formats and instant communication methods characteristic of digital culture, in which "high volumes of information are updated in real-time and are perpetually at your fingertips." Supporters of Slow Media criticize the spheres in which media is produced, shared, and consumed for valuing immediacy and dramatic presentation, in order to attract attention and maximize audiences, over the substance and credibility of a work.

Media consumption
Media consumption or media diet is the sum of information and entertainment media taken in by an individual or group. It includes activities such as interacting with new media, reading books and magazines, watching television and film, and listening to radio. An active media consumer must have the capacity for skepticism, judgement, free thinking, questioning, and understanding. Media consumption is to maximize the interests of consumers.
Annika Creel
Annika Mae Creel (née Schmidt; born July 14, 1997) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a center back. She most recently played for USL Super League club Carolina Ascent. She played college soccer for the UConn Huskies and the Butler Bulldogs.

USL W League
The USL W League (USLW) is a women's soccer league in the United States. It began play in May 2022 and follows the USL W-League, a similar league that existed from 1995 to 2015. It is currently not sanctioned by the US Soccer Federation, meaning that it does not have a position in the US soccer pyramid. As of the 2025 season, the current champions are Utah United.
Aleppo offensive (October–December 2013)
The October–December 2013 Aleppo offensive or Operation Northern Storm was a campaign during the Syrian civil war launched by the Syrian army in the Aleppo Governorate to reopen a key supply route linking central Syria to the largest city, Aleppo. The offensive began when the Syrian Army attacked the strategic town of Khanasir.

Al-Tawhid Brigade
The al-Tawhid Brigade (Arabic: لواء التوحيد, romanized: Liwa al-Tawhid, lit. 'Brigade of monotheism'; named after Tawhid, the "oneness of God,") was an armed Islamist insurgent group involved in the Syrian Civil War.

The al-Tawhid Brigade was formed in 2012. Reportedly backed by Qatar, al-Tawhid was considered one of the biggest groups in northern Syria, dominating most of the insurgency around Aleppo.

Its leader Abdul Qader Saleh was killed in November 2013 in a Syrian Air Force airstrike.
Peter Denning (cricketer)
Peter William Denning (16 December 1949 – 17 July 2007) was an English first-class cricketer who played for Somerset County Cricket Club between 1969 and 1984. He was known to Somerset cricket fans as 'Dasher' due to his "pace over the ground", and he was also known for an unorthodox stroke called the 'Chewton carve' or 'Chewton chop', a stroke that cut the ball away between the slips and the covers. Denning was a left-handed top order (often opening) batsman and scored 1,000 runs in a season on six occasions.

Friends Provident Trophy
The Friends Provident Trophy was a one-day cricket competition in the British Isles.

It was one of the four tournaments in which the eighteen first-class counties competed each season. They were joined by teams from Scotland and Ireland. Lancashire won the title a record seven times.

The competition was previously known as the Gillette Cup (1963–1980), the NatWest Trophy (1981–2000), and the C&G Trophy (2000–2006). For a short period following the 2006 season, the competition was known as the ECB One-Day Trophy because no sponsors were forthcoming when Cheltenham and Gloucester decided to end their association with the competition after the 2006 season. The tournament, along with the Pro40 forty-overs competition, was replaced by the ECB 40 competition from the 2010 season.
Salers cheese
Salers (French pronunciation: [salɛʁ]; Auvergnat: Salèrn) is a French semi-hard cheese originating from Salers, department of Cantal, in the volcanic mountains of the Massif Central, Auvergne, central France. It is a pressed, uncooked cheese, sometimes made from Salers cow's milk (it's then called "Tradition Salers"), between 15 April and 15 November. It is circular in shape, formed in rounds weighing around 40 kilograms (88 lb). The cheese is aged in caves at temperatures ranging from 6–12 °C (43–54 °F) for a minimum of 3 months, and up to 45 months.

Salers de Buron Traditional is only made in stone huts (called burons in the Cantal) in the summer months with milk exclusively from the Salers cow. It must also be made in the traditional wooden gerle.

Massif Central
The Massif Central (French pronunciation: [masif sɑ̃tʁal]) is a highland region in south-central France consisting of mountains and plateaus. It covers about 15% of mainland France.

Subject to volcanism that has subsided in the last 10,000 years, these central mountains are separated from the Alps by a deep north–south cleft created by the Rhône river and known in French as the sillon rhodanien (literally "Rhône furrow"). The region was a barrier to transport within France until the opening of the A75 motorway, which not only made north–south travel easier but also opened access to the massif itself.
Australian Newsagents' Federation
Australian Newsagents' Federation is a trade association representing newsagents in Australia.

Newsagents have been represented by state-based industry bodies for over 100 years and in 1995 a national secretariat, The Australian Newsagents’ Federation, was established in Sydney. IT represents newsagents to government and industry, provides communication, education and training as well as an Awards Program for members. Branches exist in WA, SA, NT, Tasmania and Queensland and close ties are held with the NSW & ACT and Victorian organisations.

ANF is a major Western Union network agent for the newsagency channel, since 2003. The ANF is also developing a parcel network, CONNECT, throughout Australia. There are 4000 newsagency outlets Australia-wide.

Newsagent's shop
A newsagent's shop is a small business that sells newspapers, magazines, cigarettes, snacks and often items of local appeal. Newsagents typically operate in busy public places like city streets, railway stations and airports. Racks for newspapers and magazines can also be found within convenience stores, bookstores and supermarkets. The physical establishment can be either freestanding or part of a larger structure (e.g. a shopping mall or a railway station). In Canada and the United States, newsstands are often open stalls in public locations such as streets, or in a transit terminal or station (subway, rail, or airport).
Meta Hacker Cup
Meta Hacker Cup (formerly known as Facebook Hacker Cup) is an annual international programming competition hosted and administered by Meta Platforms. The competition began in 2011 as a means to identify top engineering talent for potential employment at Meta Platforms.  The competition consists of a set of algorithmic problems which must be solved in a fixed amount of time. Competitors may use any programming language and development environment to write their solutions.

Facebook Hacker Cup is part of a circuit of annual international programming contests that included Google Code Jam, Topcoder Open, and the ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest. It has been featured in articles from Bloomberg and Stack Overflow.

International Collegiate Programming Contest
The International Collegiate Programming Contest (ICPC) is an annual multi-tiered competitive programming competition among the universities of the world.  Directed by ICPC Executive Director and Baylor Professor William B. Poucher, the ICPC operates autonomous regional contests covering six continents culminating in a global World Finals every year. In 2018, ICPC participation included 52,709 students from 3,233 universities in 110 countries.

The ICPC operates under the auspices of the ICPC Foundation and operates under agreements with host universities and non-profits, all in accordance with the ICPC Policies and Procedures. From 1977 until 2017 ICPC was held under the auspices of ACM and was referred to as ACM-ICPC.
Lexie Liu
Lexie Liu, also known as Liu Boxin (Chinese: 刘柏辛; pinyin: Liú Bóxīn; born December 21, 1998), is a Chinese singer, rapper and songwriter. In 2015, she participated in K-pop Star 5, a South Korean reality TV competition series where her group came in fourth place. In July 2018, she participated in The Rap of China and finished fourth place, which launched her career as a solo artist. In February 2019, Liu released her debut EP 2030.
She also featured as Seraphine in the K/DA song "More". She followed her debut EP with the album Meta Ego in 2019. In 2021, she released her EP Gone Gold, and in 2022, Liu released her album The Happy Star.

Yves Saint Laurent (fashion house)
Yves Saint Laurent SAS (/ˌiːv ˌsæ̃ lɔːˈrɒ̃/, also UK: /- lɒ-/, US: /- loʊ-/; French: [iv sɛ̃ lɔʁɑ̃] ⓘ), also known as Saint Laurent and YSL, is a French luxury fashion house founded in 1961 by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Bergé. The company specializes in couture, ready-to-wear, leather accessories, and footwear. Its cosmetics line, YSL Beauty, is owned by L'Oréal. Cédric Charbit has been CEO of Yves Saint Laurent since 2024, and Anthony Vaccarello creative director since 2016. In 2024, Yves Saint Laurent reported 2.9 billion euros in sales.
Maliuc
Maliuc is a commune in Tulcea County, Northern Dobruja, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Gorgova, Ilganii de Sus, Maliuc, Partizani, and Vulturu.

The commune lies on the Sulina branch of the river Danube, in the western third of the Danube Delta. It is located about 25 km (16 mi) east of the county seat, Tulcea.

Tulcea
Tulcea (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈtult͡ʃe̯a]; also known by alternative names) is a city in Northern Dobruja, Romania. It is the administrative center of Tulcea County, and had a population of 65,624 as of 2021. One village, Tudor Vladimirescu, is administered by the city. It is one of six Romanian county seats lying on the river Danube.
Icon (Paradise Lost album)
Icon is the fourth studio album by British gothic metal band Paradise Lost, released on 28 September 1993 through Music for Nations. It is the band's final album to feature Matthew Archer on drums.

In February 2018, Icon was inducted into the Decibel Magazine Hall of Fame, becoming the second Paradise Lost album to be featured in the Decibel Hall of Fame (alongside Gothic), with the magazine naming it influential to the development of the gothic metal subgenre.

Gothic (Paradise Lost album)
Gothic is the second studio album by British gothic metal band Paradise Lost, released on 19 March 1991 through Peaceville Records. The album (which was mostly described as death-doom when it was released) is retrospectively considered style-defining and name-giving for the genre of gothic metal.

The album has been re-released and remastered twice. The 2003 re-release contains two remixes of songs from Lost Paradise (1990), bringing the total running time to 49 minutes and 30 seconds. Remixed/live versions of the songs "Eternal", "Gothic" and "The Painless" appear on the 2003 digipak re-release of Lost Paradise. In 2008, Gothic was re-released with a bonus DVD with a rare performance by the band. The album was performed in full at the 2016 Roadburn Festival and released by the band on Bandcamp.
Moritz Brosig
Moritz Brosig (15 October 1815 - 24 January 1887) was a German cathedral organist and composer. He came to be seen as a leading representative of the so-called Breslau School of church musicians. Despite his Roman Catholic faith, he wrote more than thirty chorale preludes, working in a musical genre more traditionally associated with Lutheran worship.

Kapellmeister
Kapellmeister (/kəˈpɛlmaɪstər/ kə-PEL-my-stər, US also /kɑːˈ-/ kah-, German: [kaˈpɛlˌmaɪstɐ] ⓘ), from Kapelle ('chapel') and Meister ('master'), literally 'master of the chapel choir', is a word of German origin that designates the leader of an ensemble of musicians. Originally used to refer to somebody in charge of music in a chapel, the term has evolved considerably in its meaning and is today used for denoting the leader of a musical ensemble, often smaller ones used for TV, radio, and theatre.
The Special Without Brett Davis
The Special Without Brett Davis is a public-access television show on Manhattan Neighborhood Network. The show takes the form of an ever-changing live "special" with a new format and performers, and a host portrayed by comedian Brett Davis.

The show adopted the Wednesday night 11pm timeslot previously held by The Chris Gethard Show after it moved to cable.

Public-access television
Public-access television (sometimes called community-access television) is traditionally a form of non-commercial mass media where the general public can create content television programming which is narrowcast through cable television specialty channels. Public-access television was created in the United States between 1969 and 1971 by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), under Chairman Dean Burch, based on pioneering work and advocacy of George Stoney, Red Burns (Alternate Media Center), and Sidney Dean (City Club of NY).

Public-access television is often grouped with public, educational, and government access television channels, under the acronym PEG.
James Mackay, 1st Earl of Inchcape
James Lyle Mackay, 1st Earl of Inchcape, GCSI, GCMG, KCIE, DL (11 September 1852 – 23 May 1932), known as Sir James Mackay from 1894 to 1911, was a British businessman and colonial administrator in India who became Chairman of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company ("P&O") and founded  Inchcape Retail Ltd.

Council of India
The Council of India (1858 – 1935) was an advisory body to the Secretary of State for India, established in 1858 by the Government of India Act 1858. It was based in London and initially consisted of 15 members. The Council of India was dissolved in 1935 by the Government of India Act 1935. It is different from the Viceroy's Executive Council based in India, which was the advisory body and cabinet of the Governor-General of India/Viceroy, which was originally established in 1773 as the Council of Four.
Coro (footballer)
Ferran Corominas Telechea (born 5 January 1983), known as Coro, is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a forward.

He spent the majority of his professional career with Espanyol, appearing in 200 competitive games while scoring 24 goals and winning the 2006 Copa del Rey with the club. In 2017 he signed with Goa in the Indian Super League, winning several team and individual accolades and also being at one point the competition's all-time top-scorer.

Coro won the 2002 European Under-19 Championship with Spain.

2018–19 Indian Super League
The 2018–19 Indian Super League season was the fifth season of the Indian Super League, one of the top Indian professional football leagues. It was established in 2013. The regular season began on 29 September 2018 and concluded on 17 March 2019. The league took a mid-season break for around one month from 17 December 2018 to early January 2019 due to India's participation in the 2019 AFC Asian Cup.

Chennaiyin were the defending champions, having defeated Bengaluru in the 2018 final, however they did not qualify for the playoffs having finished the last in the regular season. Bengaluru FC won their maiden title by defeating FC Goa 1–0 in the final which was held on 17 March 2019. Bengaluru FC became the first team who won the ISL trophy as well as after topped the league stage.
Euler calculus
Euler calculus is a methodology from applied algebraic topology and integral geometry that integrates constructible functions and more recently definable functions by integrating with respect to the Euler characteristic as a finitely-additive measure. In the presence of a metric, it can be extended to continuous integrands via the Gauss–Bonnet theorem. It was introduced independently by Pierre Schapira and Oleg Viro in 1988, and is useful for enumeration problems in computational geometry and sensor networks.

Integral geometry
In mathematics, integral geometry is the theory of measures on a geometrical space invariant under the symmetry group of that space.  In more recent times, the meaning has been broadened to include a view of invariant (or equivariant) transformations from the space of functions on one geometrical space to the space of functions on another geometrical space.  Such transformations often take the form of integral transforms such as the Radon transform and its generalizations.