hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flagg Bros., Inc. v. Brooks
Flagg Bros., Inc. v. Brooks, 436 U.S. 149 (1978), was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States wherein the constitutionality of New York's Uniform Commercial Code provision, which allows a warehouse to enforce a lien upon repossessed goods by selling said goods, was challenged under the Fourteenth Amendment.  The Court held that the state-allowed re-sale provision did not constitute state action, and thus, the plaintiff did not possess a colorable federal due process claim.

Associate justice
An associate justice or associate judge  (or simply associate) is a judge of a court other than the chief justice in some jurisdictions. The title "Associate Justice" is used for members of the Supreme Court of the United States and some state supreme courts, and for some other courts in Commonwealth of Nations countries, as well as for members of the Supreme Court of the Federated States of Micronesia, a former United States Trust Territory. In other common law jurisdictions, the equivalent position is called "Puisne Justice".

In several Canadian courts, the term "associate judge" has the same meaning as a Master (judiciary).
Bremen-Hemelingen station
Bremen-Hemelingen (German: Bahnhof Bremen-Hemelingen) is a railway station located in Bremen, Germany. The station is located in Hemelingen on the Wanne-Eickel–Hamburg railway and the train services are operated by NordWestBahn. The station has been part of the Bremen S-Bahn since December 2010.

Bremen Regional S-Bahn
The Bremen S-Bahn (German: Regio-S-Bahn Bremen/Niedersachsen) is an S-Bahn network in Germany, covering the Bremen/Oldenburg Metropolitan Region, from Bremerhaven in the north to Twistringen in the south and Bad Zwischenahn and Oldenburg in the west. It has been in operation since 2010. This network unified existing regional transport in Bremen as well as surrounding cities, including Bremerhaven, Delmenhorst, Twistringen, Nordenham, Oldenburg, and Verden an der Aller. The network lies completely within the area of the Verkehrsverbund Bremen/Niedersachsen (VBN; Bremen/Lower Saxony Transport Association), whose tariff structure applies.
The World Below
The World Below is a  science fiction novel by British writer S. Fowler Wright.  It was first published in 1929 by Collins.  The novel was originally intended as a trilogy, but the third part was never written.  The first part was originally published separately as The Amphibians by Merton Press in 1924.  The second part was published separately by Galaxy Science Fiction Novels in 1951 and was also titled The World Below.

William Collins, Sons
William Collins, Sons & Co., often referred to as Collins, was a Scottish printing and publishing company founded by a Presbyterian schoolmaster, William Collins, in Glasgow in 1819, in partnership with Charles Chalmers, the younger brother of Thomas Chalmers, the minister of Tron Church in Glasgow.

Collins merged with Harper & Row in 1990, forming a new publisher named HarperCollins.
Etlingera facifera
Etlingera facifera is a monocotyledonous plant species described by Axel Dalberg Poulsen. Etlingera facifera is part of the genus Etlingera and the family Zingiberaceae. No subspecies are listed in the Catalog of Life.

Etlingera
Etlingera is a genus of Indo-Pacific herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the ginger family, Zingiberaceae, consisting of more than 100 species found in tropical regions of Afro-Eurasia.

Some of the larger species have leafy shoots reaching almost 10 metres high, and the bases of these shoots are so stout as to seem almost woody.  Others of the species grow as clumps of leafy shoots; while others have such long creeping rhizomes that each of their leafy shoots can be more than a metre apart.

Unique and distinctive to all Etlingera is a tube forming above the point where the base of the flowers petals joins onto the plant (i.e. above the  insertion of the  corolla lobes).
Furzefield Wood and Lower Halfpenny Bottom
Furzefield Wood and Lower Halfpenny is a 7.4 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Potters Bar in Hertfordshire. It is owned and managed by Hertsmere Borough Council.

The site is part of a parcel of land purchased in 1935 by Potters Bar Urban District Council. The southern area became the King George V Playing Fields, which are used for recreation, while the wood and meadow are managed for wildlife. Furze is an ancient name for gorse, and the wood has been managed for coppicing for over 300 years. It now provides a habitat for birds, and fallen branches are important for invertebrates. Lower Halfpenny Bottom is a meadow which was once the route of an old drovers' track.

There is access from Cranbourne Avenue.

Potters Bar Urban District
51°41′N 0°12′W﻿ / ﻿51.683°N 0.200°W﻿ / 51.683; -0.200

Potters Bar Urban District was a local government district in England from 1894 to 1974, covering the town of Potters Bar and the village of South Mimms. The district was initially called the South Mimms Rural District, being renamed in 1934.

Potters Bar Urban District was transferred from Middlesex to Hertfordshire in 1965, and abolished in 1974 to become part of Hertsmere.
Virginia State Route 225
State Route 225 (SR 225) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia. Known as Independence Boulevard, the state highway runs 5.40 miles (8.69 km) from South Boulevard north to U.S. Route 60 (US 60) within the independent city of Virginia Beach. SR 225 connects Interstate 264 (I-264) with US 58 in the Pembroke Manor area of the city and with US 13 near Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek and the Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel. The unnumbered portion of Independence Boulevard to the south connects those areas with the Princess Anne section of the city.

U.S. Route 58
U.S. Route 58 (US 58) is an east–west U.S. Highway that runs for 508 miles (818 km) from U.S. Route 25E just northwest of Harrogate, Tennessee, to U.S. Route 60 in Virginia Beach, Virginia. Until 1996, when the Cumberland Gap Tunnel opened, US 58 ran only inside the commonwealth of Virginia (and it now runs only about 1 mile outside of Virginia into Tennessee before terminating). It was then extended southwest along a short piece of former US 25E, which no longer enters Virginia, to end at the new alignment in Tennessee.  For most of its alignment, it closely parallels Virginia's southern border with North Carolina.

State Route 383  (SR 383) is overlaid on U.S. Route 58 in Tennessee.

U.S. Route 58 is the longest numbered route in Virginia.
The Bridge (1969 film)
The Bridge (Serbian with diacritic Cyrillic letters: Мо̑ст, transliteration: Mȏst) is a 1969 Yugoslav partisan film directed by Hajrudin Krvavac about the Đurđevića Tara Bridge. It stars Velimir "Bata" Živojinović, Slobodan Perović, Boris Dvornik and Igor Galo.

Similarly to Walter Defends Sarajevo, this film was also popular in the People's Republic of China.

Partisan film
Partisan film (Serbo-Croatian: partizanski film / партизански филм) is the name for a subgenre of war films made in Yugoslavia during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. In the broadest sense, main characteristics of Partisan films are that they are set in Yugoslavia during World War II and have Yugoslav Partisans as protagonists, while the antagonists are Axis forces and their collaborators. According to Croatian film historian Ivo Škrabalo, Partisan film is "one of the most authentic genres that emerged from the Yugoslav cinema".
Trogloctenus
Trogloctenus is a genus of wandering spiders first described by R. de Lessert in 1935. As of April 2019 it contains only two species: T. briali and T. fagei. Originally placed as a subgenus of Ctenus, it was raised to genus status in 1967.

Wandering spider
Wandering spiders (Ctenidae) are a family of spiders that includes the Brazilian wandering spiders. These spiders have a distinctive longitudinal groove on the top-rear of their oval carapace similar to those of the Amaurobiidae.

They are highly defensive and venomous nocturnal hunters. Wandering spiders are known to hunt large prey, for example hylid species Dendropsophus branneri. Despite their notoriety for being dangerous, only a few members of Phoneutria have venom known to be hazardous to humans, but the venoms of this family are poorly known, so all larger ctenids should be treated with caution.
Keel effect
In aeronautics, the keel effect (also known as the pendulum effect or pendulum stability) is the result of the sideforce-generating surfaces being above or below the center of gravity of the aircraft. Along with dihedral, sweepback, and weight distribution, keel effect is one of the four main design considerations in aircraft lateral stability.

Center of gravity of an aircraft
The center of gravity (CG) of an aircraft is the point over which the aircraft would balance. Its position is calculated after supporting the aircraft on at least two sets of weighing scales or load cells and noting the weight shown on each set of scales or load cells.  The center of gravity affects the stability of the aircraft. To ensure the aircraft is safe to fly, the center of gravity must fall within specified limits established by the aircraft manufacturer.
1993 Asian Baseball Championship
The 1993 Asian Baseball Championship was the seventeenth continental tournament held by the Baseball Federation of Asia. The tournament was held in Perth, Australia for the second and likely last time; Australia has not participated in the tournament since joining the Baseball Confederation of Oceania. The tournament was won by defending champions Japan; their eleventh Asian Championship and their third consecutive title, equalling the record they set in two separate sequences previously: 1955-1959-1962 and 1965-1967-1967.

North Korea made their first, and through 2009, their only appearance at the tournament—finishing 6th—and became the ninth team to contest the championship. South Korea (2nd), Chinese Taipei (3rd), Australia (4th) China (5th) and Philippines (7th) were the other participants.

1969 Asian Baseball Championship
The 1969 Asian Baseball Championship was the eighth continental tournament held by the Baseball Federation of Asia. The tournament was held in Taipei, Taiwan for the second time. Won by Japan for the sixth time, it was the third consecutive Asian Championship for the team; the second such sequence for Japan. It was only the second time in the tournament's history that the Philippines team medalled, winning the bronze medal. Taiwan (2nd) and South Korea (4th) were the other participants.
Royal Rock Beagles
The Royal Rock Beagles was a pack of beagles founded at Rock Ferry in 1845.  The pack was used to hunt hare in the Wirral and subsequently in Wales as the character of the Cheshire countryside changed.  It was for a long time the oldest beagle pack in the UK but ceased to hunt in 2015.

Beagle
The Beagle is a breed of scent hound, similar in appearance to the much larger foxhound. The beagle was developed primarily for hunting rabbit or hare, known as beagling. Possessing a great sense of smell and superior tracking instincts, the beagle is the primary breed used as a detection dog for prohibited agricultural imports and foodstuffs in quarantine around the world. The beagle is a popular pet due to its size and amiable temperament.

The modern breed was developed in Great Britain around the 1830s from several breeds, including the Talbot Hound, the North Country Beagle, the Southern Hound, and possibly the Harrier. Beagles have been depicted in popular culture since Elizabethan times in literature and paintings and more recently in film, television, and comic books.
Haughton, Staffordshire
Haughton is a village in Staffordshire, England, approximately 4 miles outside and to the west of the county town of Stafford.  It lies on the A518 between Stafford and Gnosall. The name derives from a combination of the Mercian word halh meaning 'nook' and the Old English word tun meaning 'settlement', 'enclosure' or 'village.'

Saint Giles
Saint Giles (/dʒaɪlz/, Latin: Aegidius, French: Gilles, Italian: Egidio, Spanish: Gil; c. 650 - c. 710), also known as Giles the Hermit, was a hermit or monk active in the lower Rhône most likely in the 7th century. Revered as a saint, his cult became widely diffused but his hagiography is mostly legendary. A town that bears his name grew up around the monastery he purportedly founded, which became a pilgrimage centre and a stop on the Way of Saint James.
Interface Message Processor
The Interface Message Processor (IMP) was the packet switching node used to interconnect participant networks to the ARPANET from the late 1960s to 1989. It was the first generation of gateways, which are known today as routers. An IMP was a ruggedized Honeywell DDP-516 minicomputer with special-purpose interfaces and software.  In later years the IMPs were made from the non-ruggedized Honeywell 316 which could handle two-thirds of the communication traffic at approximately one-half the cost. An IMP requires the connection to a host computer via a special bit-serial interface, defined in BBN Report 1822. The IMP software and the ARPA network communications protocol running on the IMPs was discussed in RFC 1, the first of a series of standardization documents published by what later became the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).

Gateway (telecommunications)
A gateway is a piece of networking hardware or software used in telecommunications networks that allows data to flow from one discrete network to another. Gateways are distinct from routers or switches in that they communicate using more than one protocol to connect multiple networks and can operate at any of the seven layers of the OSI model.

The term gateway can also loosely refer to a computer or computer program configured to perform the tasks of a gateway, such as a default gateway or router, and in the case of HTTP, gateway is also often used as a synonym for reverse proxy. It can also refer to a device installed in homes that combines router and modem functionality into one device, used by ISPs, also called a residential gateway.
Kangsu Town
Kangsu Town (simplified Chinese: 康苏镇; traditional Chinese: 康蘇鎮; pinyin: Kāngsū Zhèn) is a town of Wuqia County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Located in the middle of the county, 23 km away west of Wuqia Town. The town covers an area of 22 square kilometers with a population of 5,831 (as of 2017) and 4 communities under itsjurisdiction. The town of Kangsu is the main industrial mining area in Kizilsu Prefecture, mainly coal mining, cement, power generation, mining machinery and building materials.

Ulugqat Town
Ulugqat Town (Kyrgyz: ۇلۇۇچات شاارچاسى, Улуу-Чат шаарчасы; Uyghur: ئۇلۇغچات بازىرى) or Wuqia Town (simplified Chinese: 乌恰镇; traditional Chinese: 烏恰鎮; pinyin: Wūqià Zhèn) is a town and the county seat of Ulugqat County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Located in the middle east of the county, the town covers an area of 288 square kilometers with a population of 13,898 (as of 2017). It has five communities, its seat is at Tianhe Road (天合路).
Lucanus capreolus
Lucanus capreolus, the reddish-brown stag beetle or pinching beetle, is a beetle of the family Lucanidae. The specific name capreolus is derived from Latin, meaning "roe deer" (capreolus literally means "little goat"). The name refers to the resemblance of the mandibles to deer antlers.

Roe deer
The roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), also known as the roe, western roe deer, or European roe, is a species of deer. The male of the species is sometimes referred to as a roebuck. The roe is a small deer, reddish and grey-brown, and well-adapted to cold environments. The species is widespread in Europe, from the Mediterranean to Scandinavia, from Scotland to the Caucasus, and east as far as northern Iran.
Wrestling at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 97 kg
The men's freestyle 97 kilograms at the 2000 Summer Olympics as part of the wrestling program was held at the Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre from September 28 to 30. The competition held with an elimination system of three or four wrestlers in each pool, with the winners qualify for the quarterfinals, semifinals and final by way of direct elimination.

Wrestling at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Wrestling at the 2000 Summer Olympics took place in the Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre and was split into two disciplines, Freestyle and Greco-Roman which are further divided into different weight categories. The freestyle competitions were held from 28 September to 1 October, and the Greco-Roman events were held from 24 to 27 September. In the freestyle 76 kg Alexander Leipold of Germany originally placed first, but was disqualified after he tested positive for Nandrolone.
2022 Super Formula Championship
The 2022 Japanese Super Formula Championship was the fiftieth season of premier Japanese open-wheel motor racing, and the tenth under the moniker of Super Formula. It started in April 2022 and was contested over ten rounds across seven race meetings.

Tomoki Nojiri defended his championship title at the penultimate race, the first back-to-back series champion since Tsugio Matsuda in 2007 and 2008. His team, Team Mugen, was also crowned teams' champion after the same race, for the first time in its competition history.

Mobility Resort Motegi
Mobility Resort Motegi (モビリティリゾートもてぎ) is a motorsport venue located in Motegi, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Originally Twin Ring Motegi (ツインリンクもてぎ), the venue's name came from the facility having two race tracks: a 2.493 km (1.549 mi) oval track and a 4.801 km (2.983 mi) road course. It was built in 1997 by Honda Motor Co., Ltd., as part of the company's effort to bring the Championship Auto Racing Teams series to Japan, helping to increase their knowledge of American open-wheel racing. The oval was last raced on in 2010 by the Indycar Series. On 1 March 2022, the name of the track was changed to Mobility Resort Motegi, coinciding with the 25th anniversary of the facility. The road course's most notable event is the Japanese motorcycle Grand Prix which is currently held every year. The track also currently hosts rounds in the domestic Super Formula Championship and Super GT series each year.
B. Babusivan
B. Babusivan (4 November 1964 - 16 September 2020) was an Indian film director and screenwriter of Tamil films. He initially began his career as an assistant director to film director Dharani. In 2009, Babusivan became independent director in Vettaikaaran (2009).
After a long interval in 2019, B. Babusivan made his re-entry in Tamil serials taking over Rasaathi, a Sun TV serial.

Babusivan died on September 16, 2020 due to kidney and liver failure.

Dharani (director)
Dharani (born V. C. Ramani) is a former Indian film director and screenwriter who primarily worked in Tamil cinema as well as directing one Telugu film. He is best known for directing the hat-trick action films, Dhill (2001), Dhool (2003), and Ghilli (2004).
2012 Japan Super Series
The 2012 Japan Super Series was the eighth super series tournament of the 2012 BWF Super Series in badminton. The tournament was held in Tokyo, Japan, from 18 to 23 September 2012 and had a total purse of $200,000. Draw was released on 4 September 2012. China withdrew all its players from this tournament because of safety fears.

2012 BWF Super Series
The 2012 BWF Super Series was the sixth season of the BWF Super Series. The season started with a Super Series Premier event in Korea and ended in Hong Kong. The season-ending Masters Finals were held in Shenzhen, China from December 12–16, 2012.
Agononida variabilis
Agononida variabilis is a species of squat lobster in the family Munididae. The males range in size from 9.7 to 19.0 millimetres (0.38 to 0.75 in) and the females from 5.8 to 19.8 millimetres (0.23 to 0.78 in). It is found both south and southwest coast of Luzon, south of Mindoro, and north of Panay, at depths ranging from about 445 to 925 metres (1,460 to 3,035 ft).

Squat lobster
Squat lobsters are dorsoventrally flattened crustaceans with long tails held curled beneath the cephalothorax. They are found in the two superfamilies Galatheoidea and Chirostyloidea, which form part of the decapod infraorder Anomura, alongside groups including the hermit crabs and mole crabs. They are distributed worldwide in the oceans, and occur from near the surface to deep sea hydrothermal vents, with one species occupying caves above sea level. More than 900 species have been described, in around 60 genera. If one considers the members of the family Aeglidae as squat lobsters, then those numbers rise to more than 1000 species in 61 genera, and they occur at an altitude up to 3600 meters above sea level. Some species form dense aggregations, either on the sea floor or in the water column, and a small number are commercially fished.
Celtic rainforests in Wales
There are various areas of temperate rainforests in Wales, also termed a "Celtic rainforest". They are located largely in river valleys, adjacent to the sea, on Wales' western coasts, particularly in Snowdonia (Eryri), Powys and Ceredigion.

Various organisations have been making efforts to maintain the existing rainforests, or even to extend them or keep them protected from invasive species. It has been estimated that up to 50% of Wales' land area could become/have been areas of temperate rainforest.

Cwm Doethie – Mynydd Mallaen
Cwm Doethie – Mynydd Mallaen is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in Ceredigion and Carmarthenshire,  mid Wales.
Contained within it is the Allt Rhyd y Groes national nature reserve designated principally because of its sessile oak woodland clinging to near vertical cliffs of the River Doethie gorge.

In 2026, Welsh charity Tir Natur purchased over 480 hectares (1,200 acres) of land in the area for £2.2 million to establish a rewilding project. The land was considered poor for grazing and commercial forestry was not possible because it is within the SSSI.
Stabiliser (food)
A stabiliser or stabilizer is an additive to food which helps to preserve its structure.  Typical uses include preventing oil-water emulsions from separating in products such as salad dressing; preventing ice crystals from forming in frozen food such as ice cream; and preventing fruit from settling in products such as jam, yogurt and jellies. Some of these food additives may promote the growth of specific microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract that can ferment them. 
The following hydrocolloids are the most common ones used as stabilisers:

alginate

agar

carrageenan

cellulose and cellulose derivatives

gelatin

guar gum

gum Arabic

locust bean gum

pectin

starch

xanthan gum

Pectin
Pectin (Ancient Greek: πηκτικός pēktikós: 'congealed' and 'curdled') is a heteropolysaccharide, a structural polymer contained in the cell walls and middle lamellae of terrestrial plants. The principal chemical component of pectin is galacturonic acid (a sugar acid derived from galactose) which was isolated and described by Henri Braconnot in 1825. Commercially produced pectin is a white-to-light-brown powder, produced from citrus fruits for use as an edible gelling agent, especially in jams and jellies, dessert fillings, medications, and sweets; as a food stabiliser in fruit juices and milk drinks; and as a source of dietary fiber.
Business routes of Interstate 49
Four business routes of Interstate 49 (I-49) exist, all of them within the state of Missouri. All four were once business routes of U.S. Route 71 (US 71) and were converted to business routes of I-49 on December 12, 2012, when that highway was designated in Missouri.

Interstate 44 in Missouri
Interstate 44 (I-44) in the US state of Missouri runs northeast from the Oklahoma state line near Joplin to I-70 in Downtown St. Louis. It runs for about 293 miles (472 km) in the state, and is the longest Interstate Highway in the state.