hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fenqing
Fenqing (simplified Chinese: 愤青; traditional Chinese: 憤青; pinyin: Fènqīng), or FQ (abbreviation), which is itself an abbreviation for Fennu Qingnian (simplified Chinese: 愤怒青年; traditional Chinese: 憤怒青年; pinyin: Fènnù Qīngnián), means literally "angry youth". It mainly refers to Chinese youth who display a high level of Chinese nationalism. This term first appeared in Hong Kong in the 1970s, referring to those young people who were not satisfied with Chinese society and sought reform. It has now evolved into a term used predominantly in Internet slang. Whether fenqing is derogatory or not usually depends on the person. Chinese critics often refer to them using the homophone characters "粪青" which are pronounced identically but translate to "shit-youth". This is often changed further to fènfèn (粪粪) as a derogatory nickname.

Pejorative
A pejorative word, phrase, slur, or derogatory term is a word or grammatical form expressing a negative or disrespectful connotation, a low opinion, or a lack of respect toward someone or something. It is also used to express criticism, hostility, or disregard. Sometimes, a term is regarded as pejorative in some social or ethnic groups but not in others or may be originally pejorative but later adopt a non-pejorative sense (or vice versa) in some or all contexts.
Rita Rose
Maria Rita Fernandes (née Pais; born 7 September 1947), known professionally as Rita Rose, is an Indian singer and actress known for her work in Konkani films and tiatr productions. A solo and duet singer, she first gained prominence during the mid-1960s performing in her husband Alfred Rose's tiatrs. She is also best known for her leading role in the Konkani film Boglantt (1975).

Titta Pretto
Tito Matias Estefânio Preto (born 4 January 1933), known professionally as Titta Pretto, is an Indian comedian, singer, composer, and playwright known for his work in Konkani films and tiatr productions.
Neblinaphryne
Neblinaphryne is a genus of frog in the clade Brachycephaloidea. It contains two species, Neblinaphryne mayeri and Neblinaphryne imeri, and is the only member of the family Neblinaphrynidae. It is endemic to the highest parts of the Cerro de la Neblina tepui on the border of Brazil and Venezuela.

Brachycephaloidea
Brachycephaloidea (or Terrarana) is a large monophyletic unranked clade of direct-developing frogs including more than 1,100 species, comprising about 15% of named frog species. Brachycephaloids inhabit the New World tropics, subtropics, and Andean regions. The group has undergone extensive changes in its taxonomy thanks to multiple molecular phylogenetic analyses in recent years. Until 2008, these species were placed in a single, large family (Brachycephalidae).

The diverse Brachycephaloidea contains several notable taxa. It includes the smallest known vertebrates, in the genus Brachycephalus (family Brachycephalidae): B. pulex and B. dacnis. It also holds the most specious vertebrate genus, Pristimantis (family Strabomantidae).

The cladogram below illustrates the relationships between families in the Brachycephaloidea, following Fouquet et al. (2024):
Bathymyrinae
Bathymyrinae is a subfamily of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Congridae, which includes the conger and garden eels. The eels of this subfamily are most diverse in the Indo-Pacific region but are also found in both the Eastern and Western Atlantic Oceans.

Heterocongrinae
The garden eels are infaunal ray-finned fish of the subfamily Heterocongrinae in the conger eel family Congridae. The majority of the 36 known species of garden eels live in the Indo-Pacific, but can be found in warm ocean water worldwide. These small benthic eels live in burrows on the sea floor and get their name from the behavior of poking their heads out of the burrows to feed on planktons while most of their bodies remain hidden. Since they tend to live in groups, the many eel heads "growing" out from the sea floor resemble shoots of grass in a garden. They vary in color and size depending on the species. The largest species reaches about 120 cm (47 in) in length, but most species do not surpass 60 cm (24 in). Garden eel colonies can grow as large as one acre in surface area and number up to several thousand individuals.
Hafiz Ahmad Jaunpuri
Ḥāfiẓ Aḥmad Jaunpūrī (1834 – 26 January 1899) was an Indian Muslim scholar, religious preacher and social worker. As the son and successor of Karamat Ali Jaunpuri, he led the Taiyuni reformist movement in Bengal.

Sylhet Division
Sylhet Division (Bengali: সিলেট বিভাগ, pronounced [sileʈ bibʱaɡ] ⓘ) is the northeastern division of Bangladesh. It covers an area of approximately 12,298 km2 (4,748 sq mi), and shares international borders with the Indian states of Meghalaya, Assam and Tripura to the north, east and south respectively—while domestically it adjoins the divisions of Chattogram to the southwest and Dhaka and Mymensingh to the west. Renowned for its lush tea gardens, rolling hills and vibrant cultural heritage—Sylhet's capital is its namesake, and the fifth-largest urban agglomeration in Bangladesh.

Prior to Partition in 1947, it included Karimganj subdivision (presently in Barak Valley, Assam, India). However, Karimganj (including the thanas of Badarpur, Patharkandi and Ratabari) was inexplicably severed from Sylhet by the Radcliffe Boundary Commission. According to Niharranjan Ray, it was partly due to a plea from a delegation led by Abdul Matlib Mazumdar.
Reading Prong
The Reading Prong is a physiographic subprovince of the New England Uplands section of the New England province of the Appalachian Highlands.  The prong consists of mountains made up of crystalline metamorphic rock.

Pohatcong Mountain
Pohatcong Mountain is a ridge, approximately 6 mi (10 km) long, in the Appalachian Mountains of northwestern New Jersey in the United States. It extends from west Phillipsburg northeast approximately to Allamuchy Township, New Jersey.

The ridge continues on north past Washington as Upper Pohatcong Mountain. It is located in eastern Warren County, and extends northeast of Washington approximately 6 mi (10 km) to the vicinity of Hackettstown. The ridge has an average height of approximately 800 ft (240 m) and reaches a maximum summit of 1235 ft (374 m).

The term "Pohatcong Mountain" is sometimes taken to include both Pohatcong and Upper Pohatcong Mountain. The ridge is approximately 800 ft (244 m) high along much of its length. The mountain divides the watersheds of Pohatcong Creek on its northwestern flank and the Musconetcong River on its southeastern flank.
Frank McElhone
Francis Patrick McElhone  (5 April 1929 – 22 September 1982) was a Scottish Labour Party politician.

McElhone was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow Gorbals in a 1969 by-election. He served until the constituency was abolished in boundary changes for the February 1974 general election.

He was then elected as MP for Glasgow Queen's Park, and held that seat until his death from a heart attack on 22 September 1982, aged 53, shortly after participating in a march and demonstration in support of National Health Service workers in Glasgow. He served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Scotland from 1975 to 1979.

After his death, his widow, Helen McElhone, was elected to represent Glasgow Queen's Park. She only served for a few months before the seat was abolished by boundary changes. Their son is the musician Johnny McElhone.

Glasgow Queen's Park
Glasgow Queen's Park was a short-lived burgh constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1974 until 1983. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) using the first-past-the-post voting system
Porkkanalaatikko
Porkkanalaatikko (or, in Swedish, morotslåda, both meaning 'carrot casserole') is a traditional Finnish dish mostly eaten during Christmas.

The main ingredients are mashed carrots, mixed with boiled rice or barley, and liquid (usually milk or cream). Butter and eggs may be mixed into the mash, which may also be flavoured with sugar, salt, white pepper and grated nutmeg. The mash is put in a casserole dish and baked in the oven. The carrots need not necessarily be boiled before baking: they can be grated and mixed raw with the other ingredients. Readymade porkkanalaatikko is also sold in Finnish food stores around the Christmas season, as well as in parts of Sweden with a large ethnically Finnish population.

The dish seems to have originated in the nineteenth century.

Finnish cuisine
Finnish cuisine is notable for generally combining traditional country fare and haute cuisine with contemporary continental-style cooking. Fish and meat (usually pork, beef or reindeer) play a prominent role in traditional Finnish dishes in some parts of the country, while the dishes elsewhere have traditionally included various vegetables and mushrooms. Evacuees from Karelia contributed to foods in other parts of Finland in the aftermath of the Continuation War.

Finnish foods often use wholemeal products (rye, barley, oats) and berries (such as bilberries, lingonberries, cloudberries, and sea buckthorn). Milk and its derivatives like buttermilk are commonly used as food, drink or in various recipes. Various turnips were common in traditional cooking, but were replaced with the potato after its introduction in the 18th century.
Thomas Cole National Historic Site
The Thomas Cole National Historic Site, also known as Cedar Grove, is a National Historic Landmark that includes the home and the studio of painter Thomas Cole, founder of the Hudson River School of American painting. It is located at 218 Spring Street, Catskill, NY, United States. The site provided Thomas Cole with a residence and studio from 1833 through his death in 1848.

The property was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1965.  It was designated a National Historic Site in 1999 and is an affiliated area of the National Park Service.

Catskill (village), New York
Catskill is a village and county seat of Greene County, New York, United States. The population was 3,745 at the 2020 census, down from 4,081 at the 2010 census, down from 4,392 in 2000. The village is in the northeastern part of the town of Catskill.
Xinyi Road
Xinyi Road (Chinese: 信義路; pinyin: Xìnyì Lù) is an arterial road in Taipei, Taiwan, connecting Zhongzheng District with Xinyi District in Taipei, Taiwan. Its western terminus is at the East Gate of Taipei's former city wall, at the intersection of Zhongshan Road, Ketagalan Boulevard, and Renai Road.  Near the eastern terminus, there is an interchange with the Xinyi Expressway, which connects Xinyi Road with National Freeway 3 in Wenshan District.

Xinyi Road forms a one-way couplet with the nearby Renai Road, where Xinyi Road traffic travels eastbound, while Renai Road traffic travels westbound. As with Renai Road, Xinyi Road has a contraflow bus-only lane in the middle of the roadway.

Along Xinyi Road is the location of the original Din Tai Fung restaurant, which is famous for its Taiwanese dumplings, as well as the Taipei 101 skyscraper. The Xinyi Line of Taipei Metro runs underneath Xinyi Road.

Ketagalan Boulevard
Ketagalan Boulevard (Chinese: 凱達格蘭大道; pinyin: Kǎidágélán Dàdào) is an arterial road in Zhongzheng District in Taipei, Taiwan, between the Presidential Office Building and the East Gate (東門). It is 400 meters (1,300 ft) long and has five lanes in each direction with no median.
2021–22 Air Force Falcons men's ice hockey season
The 2021–22 Air Force Falcons men's ice hockey season is the 54th season of play for the program and the 16th season in the Atlantic Hockey conference. The Falcons represented the United States Air Force Academy and were coached by Frank Serratore, in his 25th season.

Frank Serratore
Frank Serratore (born August 24, 1957) is an American ice hockey coach, currently with the Air Force Falcons men's ice hockey team.  He formerly coached professional hockey  in the International Hockey League with the Minnesota Moose from 1994 to 1996.
Battle of Xiangguo (350–351)
The Battle of Xiangguo (simplified Chinese: 襄国之战; traditional Chinese: 襄國之戰; pinyin: Xiāngguó zhī zhàn) was fought between the state of Ran Wei and the allied forces of Later Zhao and Former Yan from roughly November 350 to May 351 AD during the Sixteen Kingdoms period of China. The battle concluded in victory for the alliance, but the Prince of Zhao, Shi Zhi, was soon assassinated, ending 32 years of Later Zhao rule in northern China.

Ran Wei
Wei (Chinese: 魏; 350–352), known as Ran Wei (冉魏) in Chinese historiography, was a short-lived dynastic state of China established by Ran Min. In 350, Ran Wei usurped the throne of the Later Zhao dynasty in the city of Ye and declared himself Emperor of Wei. In 352, Ran Wei was conquered by the Former Yan dynasty shortly after the Battle of Liantai.
Scadoxus puniceus
Scadoxus puniceus, commonly known as the paintbrush lily, is a species of bulbous plant. It is native to much of southern and eastern Africa: Ethiopia, Sudan, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Eswatini (Swaziland), and South Africa (the Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal, the Free State and the Northern Provinces). Scadoxus puniceus can be found in cool, shady habitat such as ravines and forests, where it is often found in moist leaf litter. Other common names include snake lily, royal paintbrush, King-of-Candida, African blood lily (English), rooikwas (Afrikaans), isisphompho, and umgola (Zulu). There are nine species of Scadoxus of which three, S. puniceus, S. multiflorus (with 2 subspecies) and S.membranaceus, occur in South Africa.

Northern Provinces
The Northern Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "TVL". It includes the South African provinces of Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Limpopo (Northern Province) and North West, together making up an area slightly larger than the former Transvaal Province.
1988 United States Senate election in Wyoming
The 1988 United States Senate election in Wyoming was held on November 8, 1988. Incumbent Republican Senator Malcolm Wallop ran for re-election to a third term. He was opposed by Democratic State Senator John Vinich in the general election. Despite Wallop's past strong performances in 1976 and 1982, and the overwhelming Republican majority in Wyoming in the presidential election, Wallop faced a surprisingly competitive race. He ended up defeating Vinich by less than 1%, by a margin of just 1,322 votes. To date, this remains the strongest performance by a Democratic U.S. Senate nominee in Wyoming since 1970, the last time a Democrat won a Senate election in the state. This is also the closest U.S. Senate race in Wyoming history.

1982 United States Senate election in Wyoming
The 1982 United States Senate election in Wyoming took place on November 2, 1982. Incumbent Republican Senator Malcolm Wallop ran for his second term. He was challenged in the general election by former State Senator Rodger McDaniel, the Democratic nominee. Despite the strong national environment for Democratic candidates that year, Democratic Governor Edgar Herschler's landslide re-election, and the closeness of Wallop's campaign with former Democratic Senator Gale W. McGee in 1976, the contest between Wallop and McDaniel was largely non-competitive. Wallop won re-election by a wide margin, winning 57% of the vote to McDaniel's 43%. This was the first time since 1911 that an incumbent Republican Senator was re-elected to this seat.
History of Hangul
The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul internationally, Hangeul in South Korea, and Choson'gŭl in North Korea, is the native alphabet used to write the Korean language.

Before Hangul's creation, Korea had been using Hanja (Chinese characters) since antiquity. As Hanja was poorly suited for representing the Korean language, and because its difficulty contributed to high illiteracy, Joseon king Sejong the Great (r. 1418–1450) moved to create Hangul. The script was announced around late 1443 to early 1444 and officially published in 1446 via the text Hunminjeongeum and its companion commentary Hunminjeongeum Haerye. While Hangul saw gradual adoption among both the elite and commoners, it was looked down upon by the elite for centuries. It was only widely adopted in the late 19th century. It is now the predominant script for Korean in both Koreas and among the Korean diaspora. It is also used to write the Jeju language, and to a limited degree, the Cia-Cia language of Indonesia.

Cia-Cia language
Cia-Cia, also known as (South) Buton or Butonese, is an Austronesian language spoken principally around the city of Baubau on the southern tip of Buton island, off the southeast coast of Sulawesi, in Indonesia. It is written using the Latin and Hangul scripts.
Camassia quamash
Camassia quamash, commonly known as camas, kwetlal, small camas, common camas, common camash or quamash, is a perennial herb. It is native to western North America in large areas of southern Canada and the northwestern United States.

Bulb
In botany, a bulb is a short underground stem with fleshy leaves or leaf bases that function as food storage organs during dormancy. In gardening, plants with other kinds of storage organ are also called ornamental bulbous plants or just bulbs.
Croatia national under-21 football team results
For lists of Croatia national under-21 football team results see:

Croatia national under-21 football team results (1942–1999)

Croatia national under-21 football team results (2000–2009)

Croatia national under-21 football team results (2010–2019)

Croatia national under-21 football team results (2020–present)

Croatia national under-21 football team results (2020–present)
This is a list of the Croatia national under-21 football team results from 2020 to the present.

Croatia entered its fourth 2021 Euro, where it was eliminated in the quarter-finals, its greatest accomplishment in the tournament so far. The team also qualified the 2023 Euro that is scheduled to be played in Romania and Georgia in June and July 2023.
Schottengymnasium
Schottengymnasium (officially the Öffentliches Schottengymnasium der Benediktiner in Wien) is an independent Catholic gymnasium with public status in the First District of Vienna. The school was founded in 1807 by imperial decree, and is considered one of the most prestigious schools in Austria. Alumni of the school include three Nobel laureates, several notable politicians, monarchs, artists and scientists.

ORF (broadcaster)
Österreichischer Rundfunk (ORF [oːɛʁˈɛf] ⓘ; German pronunciation: [ˌøːstəʁaɪçɪʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk], lit. 'Austrian broadcasting') is the national public broadcaster and news website of Austria. Funded from a combination of television licence fee revenue and limited on-air advertising, ORF is the dominant player in the Austrian broadcast media. Austria was the last country in continental Europe after Albania to allow nationwide private television broadcasting, although commercial TV channels from neighbouring Germany have been present in Austria on pay-TV and via terrestrial overspill since the 1980s.
Mission: Space
Mission: Space (stylized as Mission: SPACE) is a space exploration-themed pavilion and attached centrifugal motion simulator attraction located in the World Discovery section of Epcot at Walt Disney World in Bay Lake, Florida. The attraction replaced Horizons, and simulates what an astronaut might experience aboard a spacecraft on a mission to Mars, from the higher g-force of liftoff, to the speculative hypersleep. The pavilion also includes the Mission Space: Cargo Bay gift shop, the Advanced Training Lab interactive play area and Space 220 Restaurant.

Motion simulator
A motion simulator or motion platform is a mechanism that creates the feelings of being in a real motion environment.  In a simulator, the movement is synchronised with a visual display of the outside world (OTW) scene.  Motion platforms can provide movement in all of the six degrees of freedom (DOF) that can be experienced by an object that is free to move, such as an aircraft or spacecraft:.  These are the three rotational degrees of freedom (roll, pitch, yaw) and three translational or linear degrees of freedom (surge, heave, sway).
Bill Scanlon
William Neil Scanlon (November 13, 1956 – June 2, 2021) was a tennis player from the United States, who won seven singles and two doubles titles during his 13-year professional career. The right-hander reached his career-high ATP singles ranking of World No. 9 in January 1984.  He is also known for having upset top-seeded John McEnroe in the fourth round at the 1983 US Open.

Jimmy Connors
James Scott Connors (born September 2, 1952) is an American former professional tennis player as well as an author, a tennis commentator, and a coach. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 268 weeks (fifth-most of all time), and finished as the year-end No. 1 five times. Known for his fiery competitiveness, Connors holds three prominent Open Era men's singles records: 109 titles, 1,557 matches played, and 1,274 match wins. His titles include eight singles majors (an Open Era joint-record five US Opens, two Wimbledons, one Australian Open) and three year-end championships. In 1974, he became the second man in the Open Era to win three major titles in a calendar year; he was not permitted to participate in the fourth, the French Open. His playing career ended in 1996.
Lê Tấn Tài
Lê Tấn Tài (born 4 January 1984) is a Vietnamese retired footballer, and was captain of the Vietnam national football team, where he played as a central midfielder. He last played for Khánh Hòa in the V.League 2.

Tấn Tài currently holds the record for the all-time most appearance in V.League 1 history with 434 appearances.

2008 AFF Championship
The 2008 AFF Championship was the seventh edition of the tournament. It was primarily sponsored by Suzuki and therefore officially known as the 2008 AFF Suzuki Cup. The group stage was held in Indonesia and Thailand from 5 to 10 December 2008. Two-legged home-and-away semi-finals and finals were held between 16 and 28 December 2008 in Singapore and Vietnam.

Singapore were the two-time defending champions, but were eliminated by Vietnam in the semi-finals. Vietnam, managed by Portuguese Henrique Calisto, won the tournament by a 3–2 victory in the two-legged final against Thailand to win their first title. In 2008, this was rank 7th of the top ten greatest football events in Asia by Goal.com.
Winston Hills
Winston Hills is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Winston Hills is located 28 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district in the local government areas of the City of Parramatta and The Hills Shire. Winston Hills is part of the Hills District region of Greater Western Sydney.

The Hills Shire
The Hills Shire (known until 2008 as Baulkham Hills Shire) is a local government area in the Greater Sydney region of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The area is north-west of the Sydney central business district, and encompasses 401 square kilometres (155 sq mi) stretching from the M2 Hills Motorway in the south to Wisemans Ferry on the Hawkesbury River in the north. The Hills Shire had a population of 191,876 as of the 2021 census.

The current mayor of The Hills Shire is Dr Michelle Byrne (Liberal), who was elected on 14 September 2024.

The Hills Shire is a member council of the Hawkesbury River County Council.