hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1820s
The 1820s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 1820, and ended on December 31, 1829.

It saw the rise of the First Industrial Revolution. Photography, rail transport, and the textile industry were among those that largely developed and grew prominent over the decade, as technology advanced significantly. European colonialism began gaining ground in Africa and Asia, and trade with the Qing Dynasty began to open up more towards foreign traders, particularly those from Europe. As European imperialism gained momentum, opposition from affected/exploited societies resulted, with wars such as the Java War and the Greek War of Independence. Resistance in the form of separatism and nationalism (particularly in the Spanish American wars of independence) led to the independence of many countries around the world, such as Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia.

Filiki Eteria
Filiki Eteria (Greek: Φιλικὴ Ἑταιρεία, romanized: Filikī́ Etaireía) or Society of Friends (Greek: Ἑταιρεία τῶν Φιλικῶν, romanized: Etaireía tôn Filikôn) was a secret political and revolutionary organization founded in 1814 in Odessa, whose purpose was to overthrow Ottoman rule in Greece and establish an independent Greek State. Society members were mainly young Phanariot Greeks from Constantinople and the Russian Empire, local political and military leaders from the Greek mainland and islands, as well as several Orthodox Christian leaders from other nations that were under Hellenic influence, such as Karađorđe from Serbia, and Tudor Vladimirescu from Romania. One of its leaders was the prominent Phanariote Prince Alexander Ypsilantis. The Society initiated the Greek War of Independence in the spring of 1821.
1995 International Tennis Championships
The 1995 International Tennis Championships was a men's ATP tennis tournament held in Coral Springs, Florida in the United States and played on outdoor clay courts. The event was part of the World Series of the 1995 ATP Tour. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held from May 15 to May 22, 1995. Unseeded Todd Woodbridge won the singles title.

Delray Beach Open
The Delray Beach Open is an ATP 250 professional tennis tournament held annually in Delray Beach, Florida, United States, on hardcourts.

It was previously known as America's Red Clay Championships, Citrix Tennis Championships,  and the Delray Beach International Tennis Championships (ITC). The event was held in Coral Springs from 1993 to 1998; in 1999, it was relocated to the Delray Beach Tennis Center. American Todd Martin won the tournament's first singles event in 1993. The tournament was renamed to its current name in 2014.
Khairpur Division
Khairpur Division was an administrative division in the West wing of Pakistan which existed from 1955 to 1975. It was established in 1955 after the merge of the Khairpur State into Pakistan. In 1970, after the dissolution of one unit scheme, it became a part of the Sind province. In 1971 it was renamed the Sukkur Division.

Sukkur District
Sukkur District (Sindhi: سکر ضلعو, Urdu: ضلع سکّھر) is a district in Sindh Province in Pakistan. Two districts have been split off from the territory of Sukkur: Shikarpur in 1977 and Ghotki in 1993. According to 2023 Pakistani census population of Sukkur District is 1,625,467 (1.6 million).
Nino Baragli
Nino Baragli (1 October 1925 – 29 May 2013) was an Italian film editor with more than 200 film credits. Among his films in English, The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966) and Once Upon a Time in the West (1968), both directed by Sergio Leone, are perhaps the best known.

Born in Rome as Giovanni Baragli, he was introduced in the film industry by his uncle, the renowned editor Eraldo Da Roma. He started his career in 1944 as film operator and assistant editor for Marinai senza stelle by Francesco De Robertis.

During his career he worked as editor in more than 200 productions between 1944 and 1996, including works by Federico Fellini, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Sergio Leone, Damiano Damiani, Luigi Zampa, Giuliano Montaldo, Sergio Corbucci, Mauro Bolognini, Luigi Comencini, Cristina Comencini, Florestano Vancini, Gabriele Salvatores, Alberto Lattuada, Tinto Brass, Margarethe von Trotta, Pál Sándor, Bernardo Bertolucci, Roberto Benigni, Massimo Troisi.

Luigi Comencini
Luigi Comencini (Italian: [luˈiːdʒi komenˈtʃiːni]; 8 June 1916 – 6 April 2007) was an Italian film director. Together with Dino Risi, Ettore Scola, and Mario Monicelli, he was considered among the masters of the "commedia all'italiana" genre.

His daughters Cristina and Francesca are both film directors.
Yenikənd, Siazan
Yenikənd (also, Yenikend) is a village and the most populous municipality, except for the capital Siyəzən, in the Siazan Rayon of Azerbaijan.  It has a population of 2,899.  The municipality consists of the villages of Yenikənd and Kolanı.

The Long Wall of Apzut Kawat, a 20-kilometer long Sassanid defensive wall, passes through the village.

Siyazan
41°04′34″N 49°06′50″E﻿ / ﻿41.07611°N 49.11389°E﻿ / 41.07611; 49.11389

Siyazan (Azerbaijani: Siyəzən; Tat: Siyəzən) is a city, municipality and the capital of the Siyazan District of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 24,900. The city's name is said to be derived from Persian or from the Tat language meaning "White Women", a reference to the original population of Tats. Another explanation links the name with the Persian word siyah, meaning "black".
Omaruru railway station
Omaruru railway station is a railway station serving the town of Omaruru in Namibia. It is part of the TransNamib railway network.

Omaruru is situated on the Kranzberg—Otavi line, completed in 1906 during Imperial Germany's colonial rule of German South West Africa.

Omaruru connects via Otavi to the north of Namibia via the so-called "Northern Extension", built between 2002 and 2012 to connect Tsumeb with Oshikango. All southern and central rail connections lead via the railway junction in Kranzberg.

Kranzberg railway station
Kranzberg railway station is a railway station in Namibia between the towns of Karibib and Usakos. It is part of the TransNamib Railway. At Kranzberg, the railway line from Windhoek splits; one line continues westwards to Swakopmund and Walvis Bay, the other one continues north-eastwards towards Omaruru and Tsumeb.

The Windhoek—Swakopmund line, commissioned during Imperial Germany's colonial rule of German South West Africa, reached Kranzberg in 1902. In 1914, this line was extended to Walvis Bay. In 1906, Kranzberg was connected to Otavi, a line that was later extended to Grootfontein (1908), Outjo (1921), and Oshikango (2004).

Kranzberg is connected to the south and east of Namibia via Windhoek.
Cocoon jar
Cocoon jars or Cocoon-shaped jars are Chinese funerary pottery vessels, belonging to the period of the 1st millennium BCE. The shape is similar to the Cypriot Barrel-shaped jugs, as is generally the decoration, with vertical bands across the breadth of the vessels. The earliest type of cocoon-form jar in China dates to the Western Zhou period (99-771 BCE), either in ceramic or in bronze. The Qin dynasty period has many of them, particularly in relation with the Mausoleum of the First Emperor. It has been suggested that the Chinese obtained this design from nomadic people, especially the Rong and Di cultures, through the medium of the steppes of Central Asia.

Western Han dynasty cocoon vessel  (206 BCE-8 CE).

Cocoon vessel, Han dynasty

Cocoon-shaped vessel, Han dynasty  (206 BCE–220 CE)

Eastern Han coccon jar, 1st century CE

Cocoon-Shaped Jar, Han dynasty, Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Beidi
The Di or Beidi (Northern Di) were various ethnic groups who lived north of the Chinese (Huaxia) realms during the Zhou dynasty. Although initially described as nomadic, they seem to have practiced a mixed pastoral, agricultural, and hunting economy and were distinguished from the nomads of the Eurasian steppe who lived to their north. Chinese historical accounts describe the Di inhabiting the upper Ordos Loop and gradually migrating eastward to northern Shanxi and northern Hebei, where they eventually created their own states like Zhongshan and Dai. Other groups of Di seem to have lived interspersed between the Chinese states before their eventual conquest or sinicization.
Cyllodania
Cyllodania is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1902. As of June 2019 it contains only three species, found in Venezuela, Panama, Brazil, and on Trinidad: C. bicruciata, C. trinidad, and C. zoobotanica.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
2001 Maui Invitational
The 2001 Maui Invitational Tournament was an early-season college basketball tournament that was played, for the 18th time, from November 19 to November 21, 2001. The tournament, which began in 1984, was part of the 2001–02 NCAA Division I men's basketball season.  The tournament was played at the Lahaina Civic Center in Maui, Hawaii and was won by the Duke Blue Devils. It was the third title for both the program and for its head coach Mike Krzyzewski.

Lahaina Civic Center
The Lahaina Civic Center is a sports, convention and entertainment complex located at Ka'a'ahi Street and Honoapi'ilani Highway in Lahaina, Hawaii, on the island of Maui.  It is the site of the annual Maui Invitational Basketball Tournament, held every November during Thanksgiving week and hosted by Chaminade University located in Hawaii.  Other events include the World Youth Basketball Tournament in July, concerts, trade shows, community festivals and fairs.
Everode
Everode (German pronunciation: [eːfəˈʁoːdə]) is a village and a former municipality in the district of Hildesheim in Lower Saxony, Germany. Since 1 November 2016, it is part of the municipality Freden.

The town was first mentioned in the ownership deed of Bishop Bernward of Avenigeroth in the year 996. In July 1965, the town voluntarily joined a joint community (Leine) alongside Freden, Winzenburg, Eyershausen, Ohlenrode and Wetteborn. On the 1st of March 1974, Meimerhausen was also added.

On the 1st of November 2016, this joint community was dissolved and Everode became a part of the Freden (Leine) municipality.

The village hosts a yearly tomato festival. Festivities include tomato flavoured ice-cream and a fresh tomato market.

Hildesheim (district)
Hildesheim is a district (Landkreis)  in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Hanover, Peine, Wolfenbüttel, Goslar, Northeim, Holzminden and Hameln-Pyrmont.
Al Darah, Ras Al Khaimah
Al Darah is the main border crossing between Ras Al Khaimah in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Musandam, an exclave of Oman. Although occasionally referred to as Ras Al Darah, it is a land crossing.

Ras Al Khaimah
Ras Al Khaimah (Arabic: رَأْس ٱلْخَيْمَة; /raʔs͜ ɪlˈxajma/, Emirati Arabic : [räːs͜ ɪlχe̞ːmɛ] ), often referred to its initials RAK, is an industrial port city and the largest city and capital of the Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah in the U.A.E. The city had a population of 191,753 people in 2025, and is the sixth-most populous city in UAE after Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Al Ain and Ajman. The city is divided by a creek into two parts: old town in the west and Al Nakheel in the east. The town is the successor to the Islamic era port and trading hub of Julfar.
Trypanorhyncha
Trypanorhyncha is an order of cestodes, a type of flatworm.

Some species infect gamefish, such as sciaenids, during the parasitic worm's plerocercoid stage, and are commonly called spaghetti worm because of their appearance, approximating cooked spaghetti.  Such species include Poecilancistrium caryophyllum and Pseudogrillotia pleistacantha.

Their scolex, or head region, has 2 to 4 bothria, or sucking grooves that cling onto the host. They have four retractable tentacles.

Bothrium
Bothria (from Greek bothrion = small pit, diminutive of bothros = pit, trench) are elongate, dorsal or ventral longitudinal grooves on the scolex of cestoda. They have weak muscles but are capable of some sucking action. Bothria occur as a single or two pair and are typical of the order Pseudophyllidea (e.g., Diphyllobothrium).

Bothria are muscular grooves that provide attachment by pinching host tissue between them.
Indiana Territorial Capitol
The Indiana Territorial Capitol, also known as the Indiana Territory State Memorial and Legislative Hall, is part of a state historical site in Vincennes, Indiana. Part of a row of buildings located across from Vincennes University, the building was the center of government for the Indiana Territory from 1800 to 1813.  It was built between 1800 and 1805, and is a simple two-story frame building.  It was moved to its present site in 1949.: 2

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. It is located in the Vincennes Historic District.

Vincennes University
Vincennes University (VU) is a public college with its main campus in Vincennes, Indiana, United States. Founded in 1801 as Jefferson Academy, VU is the oldest public institution of higher learning in Indiana. It was chartered in 1806 as the Indiana Territory's four-year university and remained the state of Indiana's sole public university until the establishment of Indiana University in 1820. VU was rechartered as a two-year university in 1889 and began offering bachelor's degrees in 2005.

Vincennes University's campus is a residential campus on the banks of the Wabash River. Other VU sites include a campus in Jasper, Indiana, the Center for Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics in Fort Branch, Indiana, along with centers for Aviation, Logistics, Advanced Manufacturing, and American Sign Language, in the Indianapolis area.
Capital (fortification)
In fortification, the capital of a bastion is a line drawn either from the angle of the polygon to the point of the bastion, or from the point of the bastion to the middle of the gorge. The capitals are from 35 to 40 fathoms long, from the point of the bastion to the point where the two demigorges meet.

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chambers, Ephraim, ed. (1728). "Capital". Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences (1st ed.). James and John Knapton, et al.

Bastion
A bastion is a structure projecting outward from the curtain wall of a fortification, most commonly angular in shape and positioned at the corners of the fort. The fully developed bastion consists of two faces and two flanks, with fire from the flanks being able to protect the curtain wall and the adjacent bastions. Compared with the medieval fortified towers they replaced, bastion fortifications offered a greater degree of passive resistance and more scope for ranged defence in the age of gunpowder artillery. As military architecture, the bastion is one element in the style of fortification dominant from the mid 16th to mid 19th centuries.
The Satellite (Antarctica)
The Satellite (67°51′S 61°7′E﻿ / ﻿67.850°S 61.117°E﻿ / -67.850; 61.117) is a small rock peak rising to 1,100 m, protruding slightly above the ice sheet 3 nautical miles (6 km) southwest of Pearce Peak and 8 nautical miles (15 km) east of Baillieu Peak. Discovered and named in February 1931 by the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) under Mawson. The approximate position of this peak was verified in aerial photographs taken by the U.S. Navy Operation Highjump on February 26, 1947.

This article incorporates public domain material from "The Satellite (Antarctica)". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Baillieu Peak
Baillieu Peak (67°51′S 60°46′E﻿ / ﻿67.850°S 60.767°E﻿ / -67.850; 60.767) is a peak, 1,380 metres (4,530 ft) high, that rises above the ice sheet 25 nautical miles (46 km) south of Cape Bruce and 10 nautical miles (19 km) west-southwest of Pearce Peak. It was discovered in February 1931 by the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition  under Mawson, and named for Clive Latham Baillieu (later Baron Baillieu), a patron of the expedition.
Magane Ichirizuka
The Magane Ichirizuka  (真金一里塚) is a historic Japanese distance marker akin to a milestone, comprising a pair of earthen mounds located in what is now part of the Kibitsu neighborhood of Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama Prefecture in the San'yō region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1928.

Kaidō
Kaidō (街道, 'road') were roads in Japan dating from the Edo period. They played important roles in transportation like the Appian Way of ancient Roman roads.  Major examples include the Edo Five Routes, all of which started at Edo (modern-day Tokyo). Minor examples include sub-routes such as the Hokuriku Kaidō and the Nagasaki Kaidō.

Kaidō, however, do not include San'yōdō, San'indō, Nankaidō and Saikaidō, which were part of the even more ancient system of Yamato government called Gokishichidō. These names were used for administrative units, and the roads within these units.

Many highways and railway lines in modern Japan follow the ancient routes and carry the same names. The early roads radiated from the capital at Nara or Kyoto. Later, Edo was the reference, and even today Japan reckons directions and measures distances along its highways from Nihonbashi in Chūō, Tokyo.
1983 German Supercup
The 1983 German Supercup was an unofficial edition of the German Supercup, a football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal competitions.

The match was played at the Olympiastadion in Munich, and contested by cup winners Bayern Munich and league champions Hamburger SV. Bayern won the match 4–2 on penalties, following a 1–1 draw (with no extra time played), to claim the unofficial title.

Franz Beckenbauer Supercup
The Franz Beckenbauer Supercup or German Super Cup is an annual football match in Germany that features the winners of the Bundesliga championship and the DFB-Pokal. The competition is run by the Deutsche Fußball Liga (English: German Football League).
Colombia's Next Top Model season 1
Colombia's Next Top Model, Cycle 1 was the first cycle of Colombia's Next Top Model.

The cycle featured fifteen contestants and was hosted by Carolina Guerra. Episodes aired daily, unlike with most version of the Top Model franchise, where episodes air weekly. The prizes for this season included $50,000 in cash, a brand-new automobile, a cover of Cromos magazine, and a contract with Chica Águila.

The winner of the competition was 23-year-old Mónica Castaño.

Carolina Guerra
Carolina Guerra (born Carolina Liliana Guerra Molina; 30 July 1987) is a Colombian model, actress and television presenter chosen in 2005 to represent Colombia's capital as Miss Bogotá.

She presented the MTV programme Rock Dinner and appeared in the telenovelas Montecristo, broadcast in Colombia on Caracol TV, and La Diosa Coronada, broadcast in the United States on Telemundo. She played the Inca high priestess Ima in season two of Da Vinci's Demons. In her modelling work she is represented professionally by Stock Models International Model Management. She hosted Colombia's Next Top Model. Guerra, alongside Olga Segura, starred in the 2015 lesbian romance drama The Firefly directed by Ana Maria Hermida.
Genséric Kusunga
Genséric Kusunga (born 12 March 1988) is a former professional footballer. He played for Servette, FC Basel, Oldham Athletic, União de Madeira, Dundee and Cova da Piedade. Born in Switzerland, he represented Angola at international level.

Swiss Super League
The Super League (also known as the Brack Super League for sponsorship reasons) is a professional association football league in Switzerland and the highest level of the Swiss football league system. It has been played in its current format since the 2003–04 season. The Swiss Super League is ranked 16th in Europe according to UEFA's ranking of league coefficients, which is based upon Swiss team performances in European competitions. The 2025–26 season is the 129th season of the Swiss top-flight, making it the longest continuously running top-flight national league.
Derk Pereboom
Derk Pereboom (born 1957) is the Susan Linn Sage Professor in Philosophy and Ethics at Cornell University. He specializes in free will and moral responsibility, philosophy of mind, philosophy of religion, and the work of Immanuel Kant.

Robert Merrihew Adams
Robert Merrihew Adams FBA (September 8, 1937 – April 16, 2024) was an American analytic philosopher. He specialized in metaphysics, philosophy of religion, ethics, and the history of early modern philosophy.
Jio-bp
Reliance BP Mobility Limited (d/b/a Jio-bp), is an Indian oil and gas company, a joint venture between Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) and BP. It is based in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. It is vertically integrated and is involved in hydrocarbon exploration, production, refining and also has interests in the downstream business and operates over 1700 Retail Fuel Outlets in India. It also operates the largest oil refinery in the world, situated in Jamnagar.

It owns/have long term chartered two oil rigs – DD KG-1 and DD KG-2 (DD standing for Dhirubhai Deepwater). They are both drilling ships registered in Marshall Islands and owned by Deepwater Pacific Inc., a subsidiary of Transocean.

Jamnagar refinery
The Jamnagar Refinery (also known as RIL Jamnagar or RPL Jamnagar) is a private sector crude oil refinery owned by Reliance Industries in Motikhavdi, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India. The refinery was commissioned on 14 July 1999 with an initial installed capacity of 668,000 barrels per day (106,200 m3/d). Its current installed capacity after expansion is 1,240,000 barrels per day (197,000 m3/d). It is currently the largest oil refinery in the world.
Fact-Check Ghana
Fact-Check Ghana is a non-profit fact-checking project under the Media Foundation for West Africa (MFWA). The first fact-checking project in Ghana was set up to promote fact-based public discourse, especially in the media landscape that has seen a significant increase in internet access. Fact-Check Ghana is headquartered in Accra and operates in the same newsroom with MFWA's investigative journalism project, The Fourth Estate. Fact-Check Ghana is a signatory to International Fact-Checking Network (IFCN) principles

Poynter Institute
The Poynter Institute for Media Studies is a nonprofit journalism school and research organization in St. Petersburg, Florida, United States. The school is the owner of the Tampa Bay Times newspaper and the International Fact-Checking Network. It also operates the fact-checking website PolitiFact.