hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Susan Gottesman
Susan Gottesman is a microbiologist at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), which is part of the National Institutes of Health. 
Gottesman has been the editor of the Annual Review of Microbiology since 2008.

She is a pioneer in the area of biological regulation in which enzymes that destroy specific other proteins, called proteases, play a central role inside the cell. She discovered and elucidated the central features of a new family of proteases that require energy for their function in the form of ATP-hydrolysis. She has also played a major role in the discovery and characterization of bacterial small RNAs.

American Society for Microbiology
The American Society for Microbiology (ASM), originally the Society of American Bacteriologists, is a professional organization for scientists who study viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa as well as other aspects of microbiology. It was founded in 1899. The Society publishes a variety of scientific journals, textbooks, and other educational materials related to microbiology and infectious diseases. ASM organizes annual meetings, as well as workshops and professional development opportunities for its members.
23rd (Service) Battalion, Manchester Regiment (8th City)
The 23rd (Service) Battalion, Manchester Regiment (8th City) was a Bantam battalion recruited in 1914 as part of 'Kitchener's Army' from men who were below the normal minimum height required by the British Army. It served in 35th Division, which was entirely composed of bantam battalions, and first saw action at the Battle of the Somme. The Bantam concept did not survive the losses of the Somme, and had to be abandoned when the battalions became filled with reinforcements who were not simply undersized but actually unfit for service. In 1917 the 23rd Manchesters became a conventional infantry battalion and saw further action during the German retreat to the Hindenburg Line and at the Battle of Passchendaele before being broken up early in 1918 to provide reinforcements to other units.

Saint-Quentin Canal
The Canal de Saint-Quentin (French pronunciation: [kanal də sɛ̃ kɑ̃tɛ̃]) is a canal in northern France connecting the canalised river Escaut in Cambrai to the Canal latéral à l'Oise and Canal de l'Oise à l'Aisne in Chauny.
Isaac Steinberg
Isaac Nachman Steinberg (Russian: Исаак Нахман Штейнберг; 13 July 1888 – 2 January 1957) was a lawyer, a Left Socialist-Revolutionary, politician, People's Commissar under Lenin, and a leader of the Jewish Territorialist movement and writer in Soviet Russia and in exile.

People's Commissariat
A People's Commissariat (Russian: народный комиссариат, romanized: narodnyy komissariat; narkomat) was a structure in the Soviet state from 1917–1946 which functioned as the central executive body in charge of managing a particular field of state activity or a separate sector of the national economy; analogue of the ministry. As a rule, a People's Commissariat was headed by a People's Commissar (Russian: народный комиссар; narkom), which was part of the government – the Council of People's Commissars of the appropriate level.

Commissariats were created as central organs of state administration when the Soviet Union was established in the territory of the former Russian Empire.

The number of People's Commissariats changed in accordance with the requirements of the current moment; overall it increased due to the separation of existing ones and the formation of new ones.
Hildah Magaia
Hildah Tholakele Magaia (born 16 December 1994) is a South African professional soccer player who plays as a forward for Liga F club Deportivo de La Coruña and the South Africa national team.

Magaia scored the brace that gave South Africa their first Women's Africa Cup of Nations (WAFCON) title in a 2-1 win over Morocco in 2022.

In 2020 she was named the player of the season for the inaugural SAFA Women's League and was joint top scorer.

She was added to the class of 2024 for the Forbes Africa 30 under 30 list featuring uncovering some of the most influential and iconic young people on the continent.

COSAFA Women's Championship
The COSAFA Women's Championship is an association football tournament for teams from Southern Africa organized by Council of Southern Africa Football Associations (COSAFA). South Africa have won the most titles with seven wins. Zambia are the current champions. Next COSAFA Women's Championship has been moved to 2026  in South Africa from February 18 - March 1.
Gnashing of Teeth
Gnashing of Teeth, originally Enslaved, was an American technical metal band that originated in Dayton, Ohio in 1999. The band has played with bands such as Abated Mass of Flesh, Every Knee Shall Bow, Extol, A Plea for Purging, Wolves at the Gate and Corpus Christi. The band played Cornerstone Festival in 2011.

A Plea for Purging
A Plea for Purging is an American Christian metalcore band based out of Nashville, Tennessee. During their time active, they released four full-length albums on Facedown Records and two EPs. Their final release, The Life & Death of A Plea for Purging, reached No. 24 on the US Billboard Rock Albums chart and No. 11 on the Heatseekers chart. Guitarist Blake Martin played on Project 86's record, Wait for the Siren and was a touring member for Haste the Day. Drummer Aaron Eckermann was a touring musician for Corpus Christi. Vocalist Andy Atkins was featured on The Crimson Armada's song "Composed of Stone", from their album Conviction.
Chandi Mandir railway station
Chandi Mandir (Panchkula) Railway Station is a small railway station in Panchkula district, Haryana. Its code is CNDM. It serves Chandimandir Cantonment area of Panchkula city. The station consists of three platforms. The platforms are not well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation. Chandigarh railway station as well as Chandigarh Airport are the usual air and rail transport hubs for this Chandimandir Cantonment.

Chandigarh Junction railway station
Chandigarh Junction railway station (station code: CDG), serves the union territory city of Chandigarh. The station is at an elevation of 330.77 metres (1,085.2 ft). It is 8 Kms from the City Centre of Chandigarh i.e. Sector 17.
Bezovje pri Šentjurju
Bezovje pri Šentjurju (pronounced [bɛˈzoːu̯jɛ pɾi ʃɛnˈtjuːɾju] or [bɛˈzoːu̯jɛ pɾi ʃənˈtjuːɾju];) is a settlement in the Municipality of Šentjur, in Eastern Slovenia. It lies just outside the town of Šentjur, north of the regional road leading east to Šmarje pri Jelšah. The settlement, and the entire municipality, are included in the Savinja Statistical Region, which is in the Slovenian portion of the historical Duchy of Styria.

Šentjur
Šentjur (pronounced [ʃɛntˈjùːɾ] ⓘ or [ʃəntˈjùːɾ]; in older sources Sveti Jurij ob Južni Železnici, German: Sankt Georgen an der Südbahn) is a town in eastern Slovenia. It is the seat, and largest settlement, of the Municipality of Šentjur. The town lies on the Voglajna River east southeast of Celje. The settlement, and the entire municipality, are included in the Savinja Statistical Region, which is in the Slovenian portion of the historical Duchy of Styria.
Jaime Vélaz de Medrano y Barros, III Marquess of Tabuérniga
Jaime José Ignacio Vélaz de Medrano y Barros, 3rd Marquess of Tabuérniga (Santa Eulalia de Gorgullos, Tordoia, 6 February 1693 – Pinto, December 1753) was an aristocrat and nobleman from the House of Medrano. He served as Lieutenant of the Spanish Royal Guards and a respected courtier, later labeled a 'conspirator' by royal authorities for his role in a political movement critical of Queen Isabel de Farnesio's influence during the reign of Philip V. He married Petronila de Bracamonte y Villalón, the daughter of the 4th Marquess of Fuente el Sol. He played a pivotal role in secret peace negotiations between Spain and Britain during the War of Jenkins’ Ear, where he delivered British terms to First Secretary of State, Sebastián de la Cuadra y Llarena.

Ferdinand VI
Ferdinand VI (Spanish: Fernando; 23 September 1713 – 10 August 1759), called the Learned (el Prudente) and the Just (el Justo), was King of Spain from 9 July 1746 until his death in 1759. He was the third ruler of the Spanish Bourbon dynasty. He was the son of King Philip V and Queen Maria Luisa.

Ferdinand succeeded his father upon the latter's death in 1746. In 1749, he authorized a general imprisonment of the Roma (Gypsy) population, resulting in the imprisonment of 9,000. Otherwise, his reign proved peaceful as he successfully avoided involving Spain in any European conflicts. Moderate changes to Spain were initiated under the king, including reforms of taxation, advance commerce, and the Spanish navy, as well as a ban on freemasonry. However, the last years of Ferdinand's reign were marked by mental instability, much like his direct predecessor Philip V. Upon his death, Ferdinand was succeeded by his younger half-brother, Charles III.
D-Rad
D-Rad, short for Deutsches Motorrad, was a motorcycle factory in Berlin (Spandau), Germany. The brand was founded in 1896 as a daughter company of Deutsche Industriewerke AG. From 1920 it produced motorcycles under the brands Star and Derad. In 1923 Deutsche Industrie-Werke took it over and changed the name to D-Rad. NSU merged with Deutsche Industrie-Werke in 1932 and terminated D-Rad production in 1933.

NSU Motorenwerke
NSU Motorenwerke AG, or NSU, was a German manufacturer of automobiles, motorcycles and pedal cycles, founded in 1873. Acquired by Volkswagen Group in 1969, VW merged NSU with Auto Union, creating Audi NSU Auto Union AG, ultimately Audi. The NSU is an abbreviation of the name Neckarsulm.
Ofori Amponsah
Samuel Ofori Amponsah (born March 2, 1974), also known by the name Mr. All 4 Real, is a Ghanaian singer-songwriter from Agogo, Ashanti Region, Ghana. Throughout his career, he has released fourteen solo albums, the most recent being "Million Dollar," which was released in 2020. He is regarded as one of Ghana's best 21st-century highlife musicians.

He won seven awards in one night at the 2006 VGMA awards, including 2005 Artist of the Year, and has a combined total of 17 Ghana Music Awards nominations, making him one of the highest nominated artists. Samuel Ofori Amponsah performed internationally in London, New York, Chicago, and Sierra Leone. His music has a heavy R&B influence. He has collaborated with the likes of Kofi Nti, Barosky, K. K. Fosu and Daddy Lumba. Some of his most popular songs are "Asew", “Lady,” “Emmanuella,” "Odwo", and “Otoolege.”

Sarkodie (rapper)
Michael Owusu Addo (born 10 July 1985), known professionally as Sarkodie (/sɑːrˈkɔːdiɛ/), is a Ghanaian rapper, songwriter, and entrepreneur from Tema. His contributions to the Ghanaian music industry have earned him numerous accolades, including the Ghana Music Award for Artiste of the Decade. He won Best International Flow Artist at the 2019 BET Hip Hop Awards. Sarkodie is considered one of the major proponents of the Azonto genre and dance. He has been labeled a "multifaceted rapper" and frequently raps in Twi.
54 Hydrae
54 Hydrae, also known by its Bayer designation m Hydrae, is a binary star 99 light-years from Earth, easily divisible in small amateur telescopes. The primary is a yellow star of magnitude 5.2 and the secondary is a purple star of magnitude 7.4. They are separated by 8.4 arcseconds.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Main-Kinzig – Wetterau II – Schotten
Main-Kinzig – Wetterau II – Schotten is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 174. It is located in eastern Hesse, comprising eastern and central parts of Main-Kinzig-Kreis, the eastern part of Wetteraukreis district, and the municipality of Schotten from Vogelsbergkreis.

Main-Kinzig – Wetterau II – Schotten was created for the 2013 federal election. From 2021 to 2025, it has been represented by Bettina Müller of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). Since 2025 it is been represented by Johannes Wiegelmann of the CDU.

Main-Kinzig-Kreis
Main-Kinzig-Kreis is a Kreis (district) in the east of Hesse, Germany. Neighboring districts are Wetteraukreis, Vogelsbergkreis, Fulda, Bad Kissingen in Hesse and Main-Spessart and Aschaffenburg in Bavaria. The district-free cities of Offenbach, Frankfurt, and Hanau (since 2026) also border the district.
Logan Township, Blair County, Pennsylvania
Logan Township is a township in Blair County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Altoona, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is the most populous township in Blair County, with a population of 12,413 at the 2020 census. Logan Township is home to Horseshoe Curve, a National Historic Landmark.

Township (Pennsylvania)
A township, under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities, boroughs, and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions.

In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities, and tend to be located in suburban, exurban, or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government.
Religion in Kerala
Religion in Kerala is diverse. According to 2011 census of India figures, 54.73% of Kerala's population follows Hinduism, 26.56% are followers of Islam, 18.38% follow Christianity, and the remaining 0.33% follow other religions or have no religion.

The historical legends regarding the origin of Kerala are Hindu in nature. Kerala produced several saints and movements. Adi Shankara was a religious philosopher who contributed to Hinduism and propagated the philosophy of Advaita. Hindus represent the biggest religious group in all districts except Malappuram, where they are outnumbered by Muslims. Various tribal people in Kerala have retained the religious beliefs of their ancestors.

Jacobite Syrian Christian Church
The Jacobite Syrian Christian Church,  also known as the Malankara Syriac Orthodox Church, Malankara Jacobite Syrian Church, or the Syriac Orthodox Church in India is an autonomous maphrianate of the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch based in Kerala, India and a part of the Oriental Orthodox Churches. It is headed by the Catholicos of India, Mor Baselios Joseph, within the hierarchy of Syriac Orthodox Church.

According to tradition, it was founded by Saint Thomas the Apostle. It is currently the only church in Malankara that maintains the hierarchy of the Syriac Orthodox Church under the Holy See of Antioch. The church employs the West Syriac Rite's Liturgy of Saint James.
2019 WRC2 Pro Championship
The 2019 FIA WRC2 Pro Championship was the first and only season of WRC2 Pro, a rallying championship organised and governed by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile as the second-highest tier of international rallying. The category was open to cars entered by manufacturers and complying with Group R5 regulations, while WRC2 was open to privately entered cars.

Rally Chile
Rally Chile is a rally competition based in Concepción and held throughout the Biobío region of Chile. It was first held in 2018 when it was run as a candidate event as part of a bid to join the World Rally Championship schedule. The candidate event was deemed successful and the rally was added to the 2019 calendar. The rally made Chile the thirty-second country to host the WRC since the championship was launched in 1973.
Micritisation
Micritisation (or Micritization) is the activity of certain organisms in the clasts of carbonate sediments, whereby the organisms retract nutrients from the carbonate.  Micritisation is a process that falls under diagenesis of a sediment.

The organisms can be algae, fungi or bacteria.  These organisms bore small "tunnels" in the original crystals that the clasts were built from.  When the micritisation goes on long enough the process can form micritisation envelopes around the clast, especially with larger clast (such as shell fragments).

Micritisation disrupts the original crystal structure, chemical composition and structure of the clasts in the sediment.

Clastic rock
Clastic rocks are composed of fragments, or clasts, of pre-existing minerals and rock. A clast is a fragment of geological detritus, chunks, and smaller grains of rock broken off other rocks by physical weathering. Geologists use the term clastic to refer to sedimentary rocks and particles in sediment transport, whether in suspension or as bed load, and in sediment deposits.
OFFSystem
The Owner-Free File System (OFF System, or OFFS for short) is a peer-to-peer distributed file system in which all shared files are represented by randomized multi-used data blocks. Instead of anonymizing the network, the data blocks are anonymized and therefore, only data garbage is ever exchanged and stored and no forwarding via intermediate nodes is required. OFFS claims to have been created with the expressed intention "to cut off some gangrene-infested bits of the copyright industry."

Clustered file system
A clustered file system (CFS) is a file system which is shared by being simultaneously mounted on multiple servers.  There are several approaches to clustering, most of which do not employ a clustered file system (only direct attached storage for each node).  Clustered file systems can provide features like location-independent addressing and redundancy which improve reliability or reduce the complexity of the other parts of the cluster.  Parallel file systems are a type of clustered file system that spread data across multiple storage nodes, usually for redundancy or performance.
A Conspiracy So Immense
A Conspiracy So Immense: The World of Joe McCarthy is a Hardeman Prize-winning book by David Oshinsky first published in 1983 by Free Press and later reprinted by Oxford University Press. The book covers the life of Joseph McCarthy from his birth to his death.

Free Press (publisher)
Free Press was an American independent book publisher that later became an imprint of Simon & Schuster. It was one of the best-known publishers specializing in serious nonfiction, including path-breaking sociology books of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. After a period under new ownership in the 1980s of publishing neoconservative books, it was purchased by Simon & Schuster in 1994. By 2012, the imprint ceased to exist as a distinct entity; however, some books were still being published using the Free Press imprint.
Maekawaea
Maekawaea is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family (Fabaceae). It includes three species native to New Guinea, New Caledonia, and Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, and Queensland).

It includes three accepted species, which were previously placed in genus Desmodium:

Maekawaea macrocarpa (Domin) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi – Queensland

Maekawaea rhytidophylla (F.Muell. ex Benth.) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi – New Guinea, New Caledonia, and Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, and Queensland)

Maekawaea tenax (Schindl.) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi – New Guinea and Queensland

Desmodium
Desmodium is a genus of plants in the legume family Fabaceae, sometimes called tick-trefoil, tick clover, hitch hikers or beggar lice. There are dozens of species and the delimitation of the genus has shifted much over time. Species are distributed widely – from Quebec to northern Argentina in the Americas, across northern and southern tropical Africa, in the southern Arabian Peninsula, in Myanmar and Thailand, New Guinea, and northern and eastern Australia.
The Law of Sacrifice
"The Law of Sacrifice" is the 18th episode of season 3 of the supernatural drama television series Grimm  and the 62nd episode overall, which premiered on April 11, 2014, on the cable network NBC. The episode was written by Michael Duggan from a story by Duggan and Michael Golamco, and was directed by Terrence O'Hara.

Grimm season 3
The third season of the NBC American supernatural drama series Grimm was announced on April 26, 2013. It consisted of 22 episodes. The series, created by David Greenwalt, Jim Kouf and Stephen Carpenter, follows a descendant of the Grimm line, Nick Burkhardt, as he deals with being a cop, and trying not to expose his secret as a Grimm.
Călan steel works
45°44′30″N 22°59′43.2″E﻿ / ﻿45.74167°N 22.995333°E﻿ / 45.74167; 22.995333

The Călan steel works, formerly the Victoria Steel Works Călan (Romanian: Combinatul Siderurgic "Victoria" Călan), were a steel mill in the Transylvanian town of Călan, Romania. Begun around 1870, when the area was part of Austria-Hungary, the works underwent a powerful expansion following nationalization in 1948 by the nascent Communist regime, making a vital contribution to the growth of the town. Privatization in the late 1990s proved unsuccessful, and the works were largely abandoned within a decade, leading to economic hardship for Călan.

Steel mill
A steel mill or steelworks is an industrial plant for the manufacture of steel. It may be an integrated steel works carrying out all steps of steelmaking from smelting iron ore to rolled product, but may also be a plant where steel semi-finished casting products are made from molten pig iron or from scrap.
Milonia gens
The gens Milonia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome. The first member of this gens mentioned in history was Gaius Milonius, a Roman senator, and one of Cinna's allies. The empress Milonia Caesonia was presumably descended from this family. A few Milonii are known from inscriptions.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Jonathan K. Miller
Jonathan Kieser "Poss" Miller (December 26, 1899 – August 22, 1971) was an American football player and coach. He played college football at the University of Pennsylvania as a quarterback, captaining the 1922 Penn Quakers football team. Miller served as the head football coach at Franklin & Marshall College from 1928 to 1930, compiling a record of 15–11–1.

1922 Penn Quakers football team
The 1922 Penn Quakers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Pennsylvania as an independent during the 1922 college football season. In their third and final season under head coach John Heisman, the Quakers compiled a 6–3 record and outscored all opponents by a total of 100 to 44. The team played its home games at Franklin Field in Philadelphia.