hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025 Rolex Shanghai Masters
The 2025 Rolex Shanghai Masters was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 14th edition of the Shanghai Masters and was classified as an ATP Masters 1000 event on the 2025 ATP Tour. It took place at Qizhong Forest Sports City Arena in Shanghai, China from 1 to 12 October 2025.

The tournament was criticized for the heat, with Holger Rune calling the temperatures of more than 30°C and humidity of over 80 percent "brutal" and Novak Djokovic saying it was "very challenging physically", vomiting and dropping to the court frequently. Spectators used fans and cool packs.

Shanghai Masters (tennis)
The Shanghai Masters (Chinese: 上海大师赛), known as the Rolex Shanghai Masters for sponsorship reasons, is an annual tennis tournament for male professional players held in Shanghai, China in the month of October. It is played on outdoor hard courts at the Qizhong Forest Sports City Arena in the Minhang District. The tournament is part of the nine ATP Masters 1000 events on the ATP Tour, and is the only one not played in Europe or North America. The tournament was not held from 2020 to 2022 due to Chinese travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Marder (submarine)
Marder (pine marten) was a German midget submarine developed from the Neger. The craft was 8.3 metres (27 ft 3 in) long and unlike the Neger included a flooding tank in the nose allowing it to dive. Another improvement was the dome through which the pilot viewed the outside world that also served as the craft's entrance and exit was made openable from the inside. Maximum diving depth was about 25 metres (82 ft).

The submarine's first operations took place on the night of 2 August 1944, when Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine's Small Battle Units made their largest effort of the war. 58 human torpedoes of the Neger-type and 22 Linse vessels were launched against Allied shipping off Normandy as part of a combined operation with Negers and explosive Linse boats.  One Royal Navy destroyer escort, HMS Quorn was sunk by a human torpedo along with one minesweeper, HMS Gairsay, and one landing craft by the German motor boats; at a cost of 41 Neger and 22 Linsen craft.

K-Verband
The K-Verband (German Kleinkampfverbände der Kriegsmarine, "small battle units") was a World War II German naval unit that operated a mixture of midget submarines and explosive speed boats. It was formed in April 1944 and operated until 26 April 1945.

The miniature submarines were a mix of one and two-man craft. The Linsen explosive motorboats were operated in units of three with two boats carrying 660-800 lb of explosives and a third tasked with remotely controlling them during their final attack run.
Radziwiłł Family Fee Tail
Radziwiłł Family Fee Tail (Polish: Ordynacja Radziwiłłów, Belarusian: Ардынацыя Радзівілаў) was a fee tail established in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and owned by the Radziwiłł family.

Three family fee tail estates were established on the basis of an agreement between the three sons of Mikołaj Czarny Radziwiłł on August 16, 1586 in Grodno. The "Nyasvizh Fee Tail" (Ordynacja Nieświeska, Нясвіжская ардынацыя), "Ołyka Fee Tail" (Ordynacja Ołycka) and "Kleck Fee Tail" (Ordynacja Klecka, Клецкая ардынацыя). It was approved by the Sejm in 1589. Ordynat was the title of the principal heir of the Ordynacja.

The family fee tail existed in partitioned Poland and the Second Republic of Poland until the end of World War II. The last ordynat was Prince Leon Władysław Radziwiłł (1888-1956).

Mikołaj Radziwiłł the Black
Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł (4 February 1515 – 28 May 1565), nicknamed the Black (Polish: Czarny, Lithuanian: Juodasis), was a Polish- Lithuanian noble who held several administrative positions within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, including the Voivode of Vilnius, Grand Lithuanian Chancellor, and the Grand Hetman of Lithuania. He was also Reichsfürst (Prince) of the Holy Roman Empire.

Alternate renditions of his name include Lithuanian: Mikalojus Radvila Juodasis, Belarusian: Мікалай Радзівіл Чорны, and Latin: Nicolaus Radvil. His first name is sometimes given in English as Nicholas.
Hôtel de la Marine (Nantes)
The Hôtel de la Marine, originally called Hôtel Massion, is a neo-classical and "neo-Louis-XV" style private mansion (hôtel particulier) built in 1874, located in Nantes, France, at 2 Place Général-Mellinet between the boulevard Paul-Langevin and rue de Belleville, in the Dervallières neighborhood (which is in the Zola district). The building was listed as a French Monument historique (historical monument) in 1988 and 2011.

Hôtel particulier
Hôtel particulier (French: [otɛl paʁtikylje] ⓘ) is the French term for a grand urban mansion, comparable to a British townhouse. Whereas an ordinary maison (house) was built as part of a row, sharing party walls with the houses on either side and directly fronting on a street, an hôtel particulier was often free-standing and, by the 18th century, would always be located entre cour et jardin – between the cour d'honneur (an entrance court) and the garden behind. There are hôtels particuliers in many large cities in France.
This Mournable Body
This Mournable Body is a novel by Tsitsi Dangarembga which was published by Graywolf Press on 7 August 2018. It is the third book in a trilogy, following Nervous Conditions (1988) and The Book of Not (2006).

The Book of Not
The Book of Not is a novel by Zimbabwean author Tsitsi Dangarembga, published in 2006. The novel is semi-autobiographical, set in colonial Rhodesia. The story is told from the perspective of Tambudzai as she attends a convent boarding school in Rhodesia. In The Book of Not,  Tambu's story continues from when it previously left off in the prequel, Nervous Conditions (1988). In May 2018, the BBC named Nervous Conditions as one of the top 100 books that have shaped the world, listing the novel at number 66.
Mudazumo Naki Kaikaku
Mudazumo Naki Kaikaku (ムダヅモ無き改革, Reform with No Wasted Draws; also known in English by its initial subtitle The Legend of Koizumi) is a Japanese satirical mahjong manga series by Hideki Ohwada. It was initially irregularly serialized in the Kindai Mahjong Original manga magazine published by Takeshobo, then switched to bimonthly serialization on Takeshobo's other mahjong manga magazine Kindai Mahjong in April 2009. An anime adaptation was released on February 26, 2010, as an original video anime.

The premise of the manga is that international diplomacy is settled on the mahjong table, with real-life politicians depicted as masters of mahjong. The Japanese title is a parody of Junichiro Koizumi's slogan, "Reform with No Sanctuary" (聖域無き改革, Seiiki Naki Kaikaku).

In June 2025, Mahjong Pros opened a publishing imprint and announced that they had licensed the series for English publication beginning in Q4 2025.

Yaku (Japanese mahjong)
In Japanese mahjong, yaku (Japanese: 役) is the primary source of doubling points (han) for a winning player's hand. A one yaku minimum is set for all winning hands, making it essential to know the yaku for basic play. Each yaku is a set of requirements on the shapes of a winning hand that awards an amount of han if the conditions are met. Multiple yaku conditions may be combined to produce hands of greater value. Dora are also crucial to high scoring hands, awarding han instead of fu, but they do not count as yaku. Altogether, a hand's points value increases exponentially with every han up to the mangan and counted yakuman limits.
HMS Unbroken
HMS Unbroken (P42) was a Royal Navy U-class submarine built by Vickers-Armstrongs at Barrow-in-Furness; it was part of the third group of that class and has been the only vessel of the Royal Navy to bear the name. She entered service as P42 and was renamed Unbroken on 1 February 1943.

British U-class submarine
The British U-class submarines (officially "War Emergency 1940 and 1941 programmes, short hull") were a class of 49 small submarines built just before and during the Second World War. The class is sometimes known as the Undine class, after the first submarine built. A further development was the British V-class submarine of 1942.

At the start of the Second World War the U class was, with the British S and T-class submarines, the Dutch O 21 class and German Type VII one of the most advanced submarine classes in service.
Konstantin Menshov
Konstantin Alexandrovich Menshov (Russian: Константин Александрович Меньшов; born 23 February 1983) is a Russian former competitive figure skater. He is the 2014 European bronze medalist, the 2015 Finlandia Trophy champion, a two-time (2010, 2012) Nebelhorn Trophy silver medalist, a two-time (2007, 2012) NRW Trophy champion, and the 2011 Russian national champion. Menshov is one of the skaters to have landed two quad jumps in a short program and three quad jumps in a free program.

Merano Cup
The Merano Cup (Italian: Coppa di Merano) was an annual international figure skating competition which is generally held in November in Merano, Italy. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, and pair skating at the senior, junior, and novice levels. The competition was last held in 2017.
Marshall B. Clinard
Marshall Barron Clinard (November 12, 1911 – May 30, 2010) was an American sociologist who specialized in criminology. Criminological studies spanned across his entire career, from an examination of the Black Market during World War II to much more general treatments of white collar crime. His 1957 textbook Sociology of Deviant Behavior (co-authored with Robert F. Meier starting in 1979 with the 5th edition) is now in its 15th edition. In addition to studies within the United States, Clinard did research in Sweden, India, Uganda and Switzerland: supported, respectively, by the Fulbright Program, the Ford Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation and the U. S. National Science Foundation.

Free Press (publisher)
Free Press was an American independent book publisher that later became an imprint of Simon & Schuster. It was one of the best-known publishers specializing in serious nonfiction, including path-breaking sociology books of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. After a period under new ownership in the 1980s of publishing neoconservative books, it was purchased by Simon & Schuster in 1994. By 2012, the imprint ceased to exist as a distinct entity; however, some books were still being published using the Free Press imprint.
S. B. Nawinne
R. M. Seneviratne Bandara Nawinne (born 24 February 1946) is a member of United National Party and a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka. He was long time member of Sri Lanka Freedom Party but cross to the United National Party in 2015 General elections. He was appointed as a cabinet minister under the National Government led by Prime Minister Ranil Wickramasinghe.

Nawinne held key ministerial positions of the United People's Freedom Alliance and Peoples Alliance governments from 1994. Later in 2000 he was appointed as the Chief Minister of North Western Province

United National Party
The United National Party (UNP; Sinhala: එක්සත් ජාතික පක්ෂය, romanized: Eksath Jāthika Pakshaya, Tamil: ஐக்கிய தேசியக் கட்சி, romanized: Aikkiya Tēciyak Kaṭci) is a centre-right political party in Sri Lanka. Founded in 1946, the party was one of Sri Lanka's two main parties for several decades, serving as either the country's ruling party or as part of its governing coalition for several periods of the country's independent history. After suffering a major split in the lead-up to the 2020 parliamentary elections, the UNP saw a collapse in parliament, with the party only winning one national list seat and losing all its votes to the new Samagi Jana Balawegaya alliance. Currently, the UNP is a notable third party in Sri Lankan politics.

The UNP has been led by former president Ranil Wickremesinghe since 1994. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union.
2022–23 Women's EHF Champions League knockout stage
The 2022–23 Women's EHF Champions League knockout stage began on 18 March with the playoffs and ended on 4 June 2023 with the final at the MVM Dome in Budapest, Hungary, to decide the winners of the 2022–23 Women's EHF Champions League. A total of twelve teams competed in the knockout phase.

2022–23 Women's EHF Champions League
The 2022–23 Women's EHF Champions League was the 30th edition of Europe's premier club handball tournament, running from 10 September 2022 to 4 June 2023.

Vipers Kristiansand won their third title in a row by defeating FTC-Rail Cargo Hungaria in the final.
2021 Challenger Biel/Bienne
The 2021 FlowBank Challenger Biel/Bienne was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 1st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Biel/Bienne, Switzerland between 20 and 26 September 2021.

2021 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2021 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2021 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 147 tournaments with prize money ranging from $36,680 up to $156,240. It was the 44th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 13th under the name of Challenger Tour.

Tallon Griekspoor set a new record for winning the most Challenger titles in a season when he won his seventh title of the season at the Tenerife Challenger and immediately improved upon the record by winning the Slovak Open II the week after.
Pichaqani (Puno)
Pichaqani (Aymara pichaqa, phichaqa, piqacha a big needle, -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with a big needle", Hispanicized spelling Pichacane) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It is situated in the Puno Region, Lampa Province, Ocuviri District. Pichaqani lies north of the lakes Ananta and Suyt'uqucha and west of the mountains Qillqa and Machu Kunturi.

Qillqa (Lampa)
Qillqa (Quechua for writing (the act and art of writing),  Hispanicized spelling Quilca) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 5,350 metres (17,552 ft) high. It is located in the Puno Region, Lampa Province, on the border of the districts Palca and Paratía. Qillqa lies northwest of the mountains Yanawara, Waykira and Hatun Pastu.
Jordi Cervelló
Jordi Cervelló i Garriga (18 October 1935 – 2 September 2022) was a Catalan composer.

Cervelló was born in Barcelona on 18 October 1935. He studied violin with Joan Massià and composition with Josep M. Roma. Later he went to Rome, Milan, Siena and Salzburg. He has done important work as a professor at Badalona Conservatory from 1982 to 1996 and as author of the Treatise on the Fundamental Principles of Violin Technique. He was a critic at El País newspaper. In 2006 he received the Cross of St. George and in 2010 the National Music Prize from the Catalan Government. He died from pneumonia on 2 September 2022, at the age of 86.

The personal papers of Jordi Cervelló are preserved in the Biblioteca de Catalunya.

Joan Massià
Joan Massià i Prats (Barcelona, 22 February 1890 – 11 June 1969) was a Catalan composer and violinist.

His first wife was the pianist and student of d'Indy, Blanche Selva (1884–1942), with whom Massià recorded the Franck violin sonata and other works. After her death he remarried; his second wife was the Spanish pianist María Carbonell (1911–1988). His students included the violinist Gonçal Comellas.
Człuchów
Człuchów [ˈt͡ʂwuxuf] ⓘ (Kashubian: Człuchòwò, Człochòwo, or Człëchòwò; German: Schlochauⓘ) is a town in the region of Gdańsk Pomerania, northern Poland, with 13,350 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the capital of Człuchów County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Chojnice
Chojnice (Polish: [xɔjˈɲit͡sɛ] ⓘ; Kashubian: Chònice or Chòjnice; German: Konitz or Conitz) is a town in northern Poland with a population of 38,789 (as of June 2023), near the Tuchola Forest. It is the capital of Chojnice County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Founded in c. 1205, Chojnice is a former royal city of Poland and was an important center of cloth production. It is home to one of the oldest high schools in Poland, and played a significant role in Polish youth resistance against the Germanisation policies of Prussia following the Partitions of Poland. The town was also the site of several significant battles, and during World War II, German occupiers massacred approximately 2,000 Poles on its outskirts.

Chojnice is a railroad junction with connections to Brodnica, Kościerzyna, Piła, Szczecinek, and Tczew. It contains several Gothic and Baroque heritage sights, and is the largest town near the Tuchola Forest, a large forest complex in north-central Poland.
Adobe Technical Communication Suite
Adobe Technical Communication Suite is a collection of applications made by Adobe for technical communicators, help authors, instructional designers, and eLearning and training design professionals. It includes Adobe FrameMaker, Adobe RoboHelp, Adobe Acrobat, Adobe Captivate, and Adobe Presenter.

The suite allows users to author, manage, and publish interactive instructional information from technical documents and books to online help systems, knowledge bases, interactive training, and eLearning contents.

Adobe Acrobat
Adobe Acrobat is a family of application software and web services developed by Adobe Inc. to view, create, manipulate, print and manage Portable Document Format (PDF) files.

The family comprises Acrobat Reader (formerly Reader), Acrobat (formerly Exchange) and Acrobat.com. The basic Acrobat Reader, available for several desktop and mobile platforms, is freeware; it supports viewing, printing, scaling or resizing and annotating of PDF files. Additional, "Premium", services are available on paid subscription. The commercial proprietary Acrobat, available for Microsoft Windows, macOS,  and mobile, can also create, edit, convert, digitally sign, encrypt, export and publish PDF files. Acrobat.com complements the family with a variety of enterprise content management and file hosting services.
Parshurampur, Parsa
Parshurampur  is a village in the Pokhariya municipality of the Parsa District in the Narayani Zone, southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 1898 people living in 292 individual households.

Formerly, Parshurampur  was a village development committee (VDC). In 2017, the local levels of Nepalese government administration were reformed to abolish VDCs, creating village councils or rural municipalities in their place. Parshurampur, in its entirety, was added to the neighbouring Pokhariya municipality.

Pokhariya, Nepal
Pokhariya  is a municipality in Parsa District in the Narayani Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 6,995 people living in 1,015 individual households.

The normal temperature is 29 to 35 degree Celsius in summer where as in winter it falls down 14 to 25 degree Celsius which indicates that the climatic condition of summer is extremely hot where as in winter its extremely cold. The month of June is considered as the days having hottest climatic condition where as January has coldest climatic condition.
148th Artillery Brigade (Ukraine)
The 148th Artillery Brigade "Zhytomyr" formerly called as the 148th Howitzer Self-propelled Artillery Division is an artillery brigade of the Ukrainian Air Assault Forces and till 2023, it was subordinated to the 81st Airmobile Brigade. Based at the city of Zhytomyr, it bears its honorary name from the namesake city.

M777 howitzer
The M777 howitzer is a British towed 155 mm artillery piece in the howitzer class. It is used by the ground forces of Australia, Canada, Colombia, India, Saudi Arabia, Ukraine, and the United States. It was first used in combat during the War in Afghanistan.

The M777 is manufactured by BAE Systems' Global Combat Systems division. Prime contract management is based in Barrow-in-Furness in Cumbria, England, as well as manufacture and assembly of the titanium structures and associated recoil components. Final integration and testing of the weapon is undertaken at BAE's facility in Hattiesburg, Mississippi, US. Depending on the year, contract and systems package, the M777 has been exported with individual unit costs from US$2.025 million (in 2008) to $3.738 million (in 2017).
2018 TT Pro League
The 2018 TT Pro League season is the 20th season of the TT Pro League, the Trinidad and Tobago professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1999. A total of ten teams are contesting the league, with North East Stars the defending champions from the 2017 season.

The 2018 football season kicked off with the Charity Shield between defending TT Pro League champions North East Stars and defending Trinidad and Tobago FA Trophy champions W Connection. League play officially started on 10 August 2018, and ended on the 7 December with the crowning of W Connection by one point over their Couva rivals Central. It was their first title since the 2013–14 season

W Connection F.C.
W. Connection Football Club is a professional football club from Trinidad and Tobago, which currently plays in the TT Pro League. The club plays its home games at the Manny Ramjohn Stadium in Marabella. The club's offices are based at the Point Lisas Industrial Estate.
Ann Wynia
Ann Wynia (née Jobe, born September 29, 1943) is an American politician who served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1977 to 1989. A member of the Democratic Farmer-Labor Party, Wynia represented portions of the city of St. Paul and served as Majority Leader from 1987 to 1989. In 1989 Governor Rudy Perpich appointed her Commissioner of Minnesota's Department of Human Services until 1990. She was the Democratic Party's nominee for United States Senate in the 1994 election. After a defeat by U.S. Congressman Rod Grams, Wynia served as the President of North Hennepin Community College in Brooklyn Park, Minnesota from 1997 until her retirement in 2010.

Rudy Perpich
Rudolph George Perpich Sr. (born Rudolph George Prpić; June 27, 1928 –  September 21, 1995) was an American politician who served as the governor of Minnesota from 1976 to 1979 and again from 1983 to 1991. A member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party, he served as Minnesota's 34th and 36th governor. To date, he is the only governor elected to serve non-consecutive terms in the history of Minnesota.
Czech Golf Federation
The Czech Golf Federation (Czech: Česká golfová federace) is the National Sporting Organisation for the Sport of Golf in the Czech Republic and is affiliated with both the IGF (International Golf Federation) which oversees the international governance and development of Table Tennis and the EGA (European Golf Association) which oversees the sport development at a regional level.

Czech Golf Federation is member of the Czech Olympic Committee.

European Golf Association
The European Golf Association (EGA) is a non-profit organisation based in Epalinges, Switzerland, which was founded in 1937 in Luxembourg.

The EGA's main activity consists of coordinating and co-organizing European amateur golf championships. It functions in coordination with its 49 member federations. It also is the body responsible for the implementation of the World Handicap System in Europe.

In reaction to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, in March 2022 the European Golf Association announced that it would not allow teams, individuals, and officials from Russia and Belarus to participate in EGA events in 2022, and that no EGA events were planned to take place in Russia or Belarus.