hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vikky Alexander
Vikky Alexander RCA (born January 30, 1959) is a Canadian contemporary artist who now lives in Montreal. She is a member of the Vancouver School and was a Professor of photography in the Visual Arts Department at the University of Victoria in Canada. She has retired from teaching and now holds the title professor emerita.

She has exhibited internationally since 1981 as a practitioner in the field of photo-conceptualism, and as an installation artist who uses photography, drawing, and collage. Her themes include the appropriated image, and the deceptions of nature and space. Her artworks include mirrors, photographic landscape murals, postcards, video and photography. She is part of the Pictures Generation.

Dan Cameron
Dan Cameron (born February 12, 1956, in Utica, New York) is an American contemporary art curator. He has served as senior curator for Next Wave Visual Art at Brooklyn Academy of Music (BAM), an annual exhibition of emerging Brooklyn-based artists since 2002. He is  also a member of the graduate faculty of School of Visual Arts (SVA) in New York, where he teaches the MFA symposium each spring for second-year students. Cameron may or not still be a member of the National Artist Advisory Committee for the Hermitage Artist Retreat in Florida, but does not sit on the board of Trustees for Anderson Ranch Arts Center in Colorado.
Haight Street
Haight Street (/ˈheɪt-/) is the principal street in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district, also known as the Upper Haight due to its elevation. The street stretches from Market Street, through the Lower Haight neighborhood, to Stanyan Street in the Upper Haight, at Golden Gate Park.  In most blocks it is residential, but in the Upper and Lower Haight it is also a neighborhood shopping street, with residences above the ground floor shops.  It is named after Weltha Haight, who for decades helped run the San Francisco Protestant Orphan Asylum.

Stanyan Street
Stanyan Street is a north–south street in San Francisco, California marking the eastern side of the Golden Gate Park and the western side of the Panhandle. It is named after Charles H. Stanyan, a city supervisor from 1866 to 1869 who was on the committee which sited the park.

The street is celebrated in one of Rod McKuen's poem collections Stanyan Street & Other Sorrows (1966), and in Nick Waterhouse's song "Stanyan Street", from his 2016 release Never Twice.
Fana Kočovska
Fana Petra Kočovska-Cvetković (July 27, 1927 - April 17, 2004) was a Macedonian communist, fighter and national hero. She was the youngest named National Hero of Yugoslavia.

At less than 14 years of age she became a youth activist. In 1942 she was a partisan in the Bitola detachment "Goce Delčev" and a youth leader in the troop "Stiv Naumov". She participated in the February raid.

After WWII, she performed high social and public functions. She died on April 17, 2004, in Skopje, in then Republic of Macedonia.

Order of the People's Hero
The Order of the People's Hero or the Order of the National Hero (Serbo-Croatian: Orden narodnog heroja / Oрден народног хероја; Slovene: Red narodnega heroja, Macedonian: Oрден на народен херој, romanized: Orden na naroden heroj) was a Yugoslav gallantry medal, the second highest military award, and third overall Yugoslav decoration. It was awarded to individuals, military units, political and other organisations who distinguished themselves by extraordinary heroic deeds during war and in peacetime. The recipients were thereafter known as People's Heroes of Yugoslavia or National Heroes of Yugoslavia. The vast majority was awarded to partisans for actions during the Second World War. A total of 1,322 awards were awarded in Yugoslavia, and 19 were awarded to foreigners.

In 1998, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia decided to award the Order of the People's Hero again and decorated several military units, but no individuals.
Bruce Driscoll
Bruce Driscoll is an American record producer, songwriter, guitarist, film composer, and vocalist.

He is one-half of French & American indie pop, folk duo Freedom Fry and co-founder of Alternative rock band Blondfire. His other writing or production credits include Avicii, Arty, Fredrika Stahl, Ivy, Sleepy Rebels, Stroik, Westrin and Mowry, and the Voyces.

Brookville (band)
Brookville was the solo project of Andy Chase from Ivy. They released three albums, all on his own label, Unfiltered Records: Wonderfully Nothing (2003), Life in the Shade (2006) and Broken Lights (2009). Brookville toured with Goldfrapp in support of Wonderfully Nothing, and with Tahiti 80 in November 2006.

In November 2012, Brookville changed their name to Camera2, releasing the "Just About Made It" single, followed by EP releases in 2013 and 2014.
The Altamont Enterprise
The Altamont Enterprise & Albany County Post is a weekly newspaper in Albany County, New York, founded in 1884. It covers the towns of Guilderland, New Scotland, Berne, Knox, Westerlo, and Rensselaerville, as well as the villages of Altamont and Voorheesville.  It is the newspaper of record for the towns and villages it covers. The Altamont Enterprise has won numerous awards from the New York Press Association, along with consistently ranking as one of the top 10 newspapers in New York State. It has a circulation of 6,679. It is owned by former reporter and current editor Melissa Hale-Spencer and Marcello Iaia.

Altamont, New York
Altamont is a village in the town of Guilderland in Albany County, New York, United States. The village is in the western part of the town. The population was 1,675 at the 2020 census. The name means "high mountain."
Sabina Mattfeldt, Baltimore
Sabina Mattfeldt is a neighborhood in the North District of Baltimore, located beside the Jones Falls, between the neighborhoods of Mount Washington (west) and Poplar Hill (east). Its name comes from the two streets, Sabina Avenue and Mattfeldt Avenue, where most of the neighborhood's homes are located.

Falls Road and Jones Falls Expressway mark the neighborhood's east and west boundaries. The back yards of homes on the north side of Appleby Avenue touch the community's north boundary at the Baltimore County line. Its southern limit is Northern Parkway.

Northern Parkway (Baltimore)
Northern Parkway is a major road that runs west–east across the northern part of the city Baltimore. For most of the way, it is at least six lanes wide, and it is used by motorists for crosstown travel. It is designated E. Northern Pkwy and W. Northern Pkwy with Charles Street being the dividing line. It was constructed in the 1950s through several neighborhoods and several homes were razed in the process from right-of-way. The section of E. Northern Pkwy from Harford Road to Fleetwood Ave was originally called German Lane.
Mochokidae
The Mochokidae are a family of catfishes (order Siluriformes) that are known as the squeakers or upside-down catfish (although not all species swim upside-down). Nine genera and about 200 species of mochokids ae described. All the mochokids are freshwater species originating from Africa.

They have three pairs of barbels, with the nasal barbels absent; sometimes, the mandibular barbels may be branched. The lips are modified into a suckermouth in Atopochilus, Chiloglanis, and Euchilichthys. The adipose fin is usually very long. The dorsal and pectoral fins have spines that are usually strong and with a locking mechanism. They range in size up to 72 cm (28 in) standard length. This group contains many popular species among aquarists, such as Synodontis nigriventris, Synodontis angelicus, and Synodontis multipunctatus.

Synodontis multipunctatus
Synodontis multipunctatus, also known as the cuckoo catfish, cuckoo squeaker, or multipunk, is a small catfish from Lake Tanganyika, one of the lakes in the Great Rift Valley system in Africa. It is a brood parasite upon mouthbrooding cichlids.  This species grows to a length of 27.5 centimetres (10.8 in) TL.  This species is a minor component of local commercial fisheries.
Ioan-Iovitz Popescu
Ioan-Iovitz "Iovitzu" Popescu (October 1, 1932 – 22 December, 2023) was a Romanian physicist and linguist, emeritus professor at University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, and member of the Romanian Academy. In the field of physics, he is best known for his work on gas discharges and plasma physics, as well as his collaborations with Denisa Popescu in laser spectroscopy. He also had pioneering contributions in the field of gamma-ray lasers with Carl B. Collins and Silviu Olariu.

As of 2006, the focus of Iovitzu Popescu's work had shifted towards the field of linguistics, in cooperation with leading linguist Gabriel Altmann.

Aether theories
In the history of physics, aether theories (or ether theories) proposed the existence of a medium, a space-filling substance or field as a transmission medium for the propagation of electromagnetic or gravitational forces. Using a substantial aether fell out of use in modern physics after experiments like the Michelson–Morley experiment of July 1887 which failed to detect an aether. The development of special relativity theories made aether theory unnecessary.

This early modern aether has little in common with the aether of classical elements from which the name was borrowed. The assorted theories embody the various conceptions of this medium and substance.
Deacon Andrew Hetfield House
Deacon Andrew Hetfield House, also known as the Hetfield House or the Dutch Oven House, is a historical house in Mountainside, Union County, New Jersey, United States. It was built around 1763 by Deacon Andrew Hetfield, who was a Presbyterian deacon in Westfield. The Hetfield House was nicknamed "the Dutch Oven House" during its stint as an antique store during the 1930s-1980s.

The house has been moved twice: once to shift it 50 feet back when they were widening the nearby highway, and a second relocation in 1985 to save it from bulldozing. Reportedly, the house suffered minimal structural damage from the second move (one windowpane was lost).

The Hetfield House has been expanded over the years; as of 1830, the simple colonial farmhouse had been transformed “into a center-hall Georgian residence” (New Jersey Historical Commission, p. 24).

Mountainside, New Jersey
Mountainside is a borough in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The borough is located on a ridge in northern-central New Jersey, within the Raritan Valley and Rahway Valley regions in the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 7,020, an increase of 335 (+5.0%) from the 2010 census count of 6,685, which in turn reflected an increase of 83 (+1.3%) from the 6,602 counted in the 2000 census.

Mountainside was incorporated as a borough on September 25, 1895, from portions of Westfield Township, based on the results of a referendum held the previous day.

New Jersey Monthly magazine ranked Mountainside as its 16th best place to live in its 2008 rankings of the "Best Places To Live" in New Jersey, as well as eighth in the 2010 list.
Sol Plaatje Local Municipality elections
The Sol Plaatje Local Municipality council consists of sixty-five members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Thirty-three councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in thirty-three wards, while the remaining thirty-two are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 1 November 2021 the African National Congress (ANC) won a majority of thirty-three seats

Sol Plaatje Local Municipality
Sol Plaatje Municipality (Afrikaans: Sol Plaatje Munisipaliteit; Tswana: Mmasepala wa Sol Plaatje) is a local municipality within the Frances Baard District Municipality, in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is named after Sol T. Plaatje. It includes the diamond mining city of Kimberley.
WENN (AM)
WENN (1320 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Birmingham, Alabama.  It airs a classic hits format and is owned by SummitMedia, which also owns six other Birmingham stations, and all share studios and offices in the Cahaba neighborhood in southeast Birmingham, but is not related to the fictional radio WENN in the American Movie Classics sitcom Remember WENN, which ran from 1996 to 1998.

By day, WENN broadcasts at 5,000 watts.  To avoid interfering with other stations on 1320 AM, it reduces power to 111 watts at night.  The transmitter is in Hopper City on the city's northside.

Urban adult contemporary
Urban adult contemporary, often abbreviated as urban AC or UAC, (also known as adult R&B,) is the name for a format of radio music, similar to an urban contemporary format. Radio stations using this format usually would not have hip hop music on their playlists, and generally include some mix of contemporary R&B and traditional R&B (while urban oldies stations emphasize only the latter). Urban adult contemporary playlists generally consist of many different genres that originated amongst Black Americans including R&B, soul, funk, disco, jazz, pop, hip-hop, electro, quiet storm, gospel, new jack swing, and hip-hop soul.
History of the Far North of Scotland Railway Line
The Far North Line was built in several stages through sparsely populated and undulating terrain within the Highland area of Scotland. Extending to 161 miles (259 km), it runs north from Inverness to Wick and Thurso in Caithness, and currently carries a regular passenger train service.

It was completed in 1874, running round the western margin of the firths north of Inverness and then keeping to the coast as far as Helmsdale. From that point it turns inland through Forsinard, returning to the far north-east coast at Wick and Thurso.

Some intermediate stations were closed in 1960 but despite the construction of major road bridges across the firths significantly shortening the route by road, the line has seen some revival at the southern end due to housing development, and it has a secure future. The original through route of 1874 remains in use.

Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway
The Inverness and Aberdeen Junction Railway (I&AJR) was a railway company in Scotland, created to connect other railways and complete the route between Inverness and Aberdeen. The Inverness and Nairn Railway had opened to the public on 7 November 1855 and the Great North of Scotland Railway (GNoSR) was building from Aberdeen to Keith. The I&AJR opened, closing the gap, on 18 August 1856.

It found the GNoSR a difficult partner and passenger journeys from Inverness to the south via Aberdeen were inconvenient and circuitous.
Network socket
A network socket is a software structure within a network node of a computer network that serves as an endpoint for sending and receiving data across the network. The structure and properties of a socket are defined by an application programming interface (API) for the networking architecture. Sockets are created only during the lifetime of a process of an application running in the node.

Because of the standardization of the TCP/IP protocols in the development of the Internet, the term network socket is most commonly used in the context of the Internet protocol suite, and is therefore often also referred to as Internet socket. In this context, a socket is externally identified to other hosts by its socket address, which is the triad of transport protocol, IP address, and port number.

The term socket is also used for the software endpoint of node-internal inter-process communication (IPC), which often uses the same API as a network socket.

Winsock
In computing, the Windows Sockets API (WSA), later shortened to Winsock, is an application programming interface (API) that defines how Windows network application software should access network services, especially TCP/IP. It defines a standard interface between a Windows TCP/IP client application (such as an FTP client or a web browser) and the underlying TCP/IP protocol stack. The nomenclature is based on the Berkeley sockets API used in BSD for communications between programs.
Bhauma-Kara dynasty
The Bhauma dynasty, also known as Kara dynasty, ruled in eastern India between 8th and 10th centuries. Their kingdom, called Toshala (IAST: Toṣala), included parts of present-day Odisha.

By the last quarter of the 8th century, the Bhauma-Karas had gained control of the former Shailodbhava territory. The early rulers of the dynasties followed Buddhism, and its later rulers followed Shaivism and Vaishnavism. The dynasty, whose rulers included seven women, was supplanted by the Bhanjas and the Somavamshis in the 10th century.

Odra kingdom
Odra was a kingdom located in the northern Odisha in Eastern India. This kingdom was mentioned in the epic Mahabharata. Odras were neighbours to the Vangas. It is believed that the Odia language and the state Odisha got their names derived from the name "Odra".
Potential applications of graphene
Potential graphene applications include lightweight, thin, and flexible electric/photonics circuits, solar cells, and various medical, chemical and industrial processes enhanced or enabled by the use of new graphene materials, and favoured by massive cost decreases in graphene production.

Graphene nanoribbon
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs, also called nano-graphene ribbons or nano-graphite ribbons) are strips of graphene with width less than 100 nm. Graphene ribbons were introduced as a theoretical model by Mitsutaka Fujita and coauthors to examine the edge and nanoscale size effect in graphene. Some earlier studies of graphitic ribbons within the area of conductive polymers in the field of synthetic metals include works by Kazuyoshi Tanaka, Tokio Yamabe and co-authors, Steven Kivelson and Douglas J. Klein. While Tanaka, Yamabe and Kivelson studied so-called zigzag and armchair edges of graphite, Klein introduced a different edge geometry that is frequently referred to as a bearded edge.
Icebreakers of Russia
There is a disagreement as to whether the Russia first "true" icebreaker was Pilot (manufactured in Great Britain in 1862, whose ice-breaking capabilities were enhanced in Russia in 1864) or genuinely first 1898 Arctic ice-faring icebreaker Yermak.

Project 21900 icebreaker
Project 21900 icebreakers and their derivative designs are a series of Russian diesel-electric icebreakers built in the 2000s. They are also sometimes referred to using the type size series designation LK-16.

The two Project 21900 icebreakers built by Baltic Shipyard, Moskva and Sankt-Peterburg, were the first non-nuclear icebreakers built by a Russian shipyard in over three decades and the first new icebreakers ordered following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Few years later, three additional icebreakers of a slightly improved design referred to as Project 21900M were ordered from Vyborg Shipyard: two vessels (Vladivostok and Novorossiysk) were built in Russia and the third (Murmansk) was subcontracted to the Finnish shipbuilder Arctech Helsinki Shipyard. One icebreaker of a revised Project 21900M2 design was ordered from Pella Sietas in 2019 and another from Vyborg Shipyard in 2021; the latter (Vyborg) is under construction as of as of 2026.
Norman Tindale
Norman Barnett Tindale AO (12 October 1900 – 19 November 1993) was an Australian anthropologist, archaeologist, entomologist and ethnologist. He is best remembered for his work mapping the various tribal groupings of Aboriginal Australians at the time of European settlement, shown in his map published in 1940. This map provided the basis of a map published by David Horton in 1996 and widely used in its online form today. Tindale's major work was Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits and Proper Names (1974).

Margaret Sharpe
Margaret Clare Sharpe is a linguist of Australian Aboriginal languages, specializing in Yugambeh-Bundjalung languages, with particular regard to Yugambir, She has also done important salvage fieldwork on the Northern Territory Alawa language.
Flag of Åland
The flag of Åland (Swedish: Ålands flagga; Finnish: Ahvenanmaan lippu) is a Nordic cross featuring a red cross fimbriated in yellow on a blue field, with the vertical arm shifted toward the hoist. In vexillological terms, it resembles the Swedish flag modified by the addition of a red cross symbolising Finland.

The flag was officially adopted in 1954 and was first hoisted in Mariehamn on 3 April of that year. Prior to autonomy, an unofficial horizontal blue–yellow–blue triband was in use until it was prohibited in 1935. The last Sunday of April is observed in Åland as an official flag day dedicated to the regional flag.

Flag of Sweden
The national flag of Sweden (Sveriges flagga) consists of a yellow or gold Nordic cross (i.e. a horizontal cross extending to the edges, with the crossbar closer to the hoist than the fly) on a field of light blue. The Nordic cross design traditionally represents Christianity. The design and colours of the Swedish flag are believed to have been inspired by the present coat of arms of Sweden of 1442, which is blue divided quarterly by a cross pattée of gold. Blue and yellow have been used as Swedish colours at least since Magnus III's royal coat of arms of 1275.
Premotor cortex
The premotor cortex is an area of the motor cortex lying within the frontal lobe of the brain just anterior to the primary motor cortex. It occupies part of Brodmann area 6. It has been studied mainly in primates, including monkeys and humans.

The functions of the premotor cortex are diverse and not fully understood. It projects directly to the spinal cord and therefore may play a role in the direct control of behavior, with a relative emphasis on the trunk muscles of the body. It may also play a role in planning movement, in the spatial guidance of movement, in the sensory guidance of movement, in understanding the actions of others, and in using abstract rules to perform specific tasks. Different subregions of the premotor cortex have different properties and presumably emphasize different functions. Nerve signals generated in the premotor cortex cause much more complex patterns of movement than the discrete patterns generated in the primary motor cortex.

Supplementary motor area
The supplementary motor area (SMA) is a part of the motor cortex of primates that contributes to the control of movement. It is located on the midline surface of the hemisphere just in front of (anterior to) the primary motor cortex leg representation. In monkeys, the SMA contains a rough map of the body. In humans, the body map is not apparent. Neurons in the SMA project directly to the spinal cord and may play a role in the direct control of movement. Possible functions attributed to the SMA include the postural stabilization of the body, the coordination of both sides of the body such as during bimanual action, the control of movements that are internally generated rather than triggered by sensory events, and the control of sequences of movements. All of these proposed functions remain hypotheses. The precise role or roles of the SMA is not yet known.

For the discovery of the SMA and its relationship to other motor cortical areas, see the main article on the motor cortex.