hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Morgan Olson
Morgan Olson is an American company that produces aluminum walk-in step vans. It was founded in 1946 on Long Island, New York. Previously owned by Northrop Grumman and doing business as Grumman Olson for several decades, the company was then taken over by a group of senior managers. In 2003, Grumman Olson was purchased by the American company JBPCO, which also owned Morgan Corp., the then-largest manufacturer of truck bodies in the United States. Grumman Olson was renamed Morgan Olson in 2004.

Grumman LLV
The Grumman Long Life Vehicle (LLV) is an American light transport truck model designed as a mail truck for the United States Postal Service, which has been its primary user since it first entered service in 1986, 40 years ago. It was also used by Canada Post. The LLV uses a chassis built by General Motors based on its Chevrolet S-10 with an aluminum body built by Grumman.

In 2021, after a long competition, the USPS announced it had awarded a $6 billion contract to Oshkosh Defense to produce the Next Generation Delivery Vehicle, which will replace the LLV. In February 2023, the USPS announced the purchase of 9,250 each of stock Ford E-Transit vans and Stellantis gasoline-powered vans. As of May 2023, the first custom NGDVs were scheduled to enter service in June 2024, nine months after the original October 2023 target date.
Drawbar pull
In automotive engineering, drawbar pull is the amount of horizontal force available to a vehicle at the drawbar for accelerating or pulling a load.

Drawbar pull is a function of velocity, and in general decreases as the speed of the vehicle increases (due both to increasing resistance and decreasing transmission gear ratios).  Drawbar pull is the difference between tractive effort available and tractive effort required to overcome resistance at a specified speed.

Drawbar pull data for a vehicle is usually determined by measuring the amount of available tractive force using a dynamometer, and then combining that data with coastdown data to obtain the available drawbar pull force at each speed.

Automotive engineering
Automotive engineering, along with aerospace engineering and naval architecture, is a branch of vehicle engineering, incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software, and safety engineering as applied to the design, manufacture and operation of motorcycles, automobiles, and trucks and their respective engineering subsystems. It also includes modification of vehicles. Manufacturing domain deals with the creation and assembling the whole parts of automobiles is also included in it. The automotive engineering field is research intensive and involves direct application of mathematical models and formulas. The study of automotive engineering is to design, develop, fabricate, and test vehicles or vehicle components from the concept stage to production stage. Production, development, and manufacturing are the three major functions in this field.
2015 Japan Women's Open
The 2015 Japan Women's Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the seventh edition of the Japan Women's Open, and part of the WTA International tournaments of the 2015 WTA Tour. It was held at the Ariake Coliseum in Tokyo, Japan, from September 14 through September 20, 2015. The tournament was moved from Osaka to Tokyo starting this year. Unseeded Yanina Wickmayer won the singles title.

2015 WTA Tour
The 2015 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2015 tennis season. The 2015 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the WTA Finals and the WTA Elite Trophy). Also included in the 2015 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which is organized by the ITF and does not distribute ranking points.
KVNT
KVNT (1020 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Eagle River, Alaska, United States, and broadcasting to the Anchorage metropolitan area. It airs a talk radio format and is owned by CBI Media Group. Its studios are located on Business Park Boulevard in Anchorage.

KVNT's transmitter is sited on Hazel Avenue in Wasilla. Programming is also heard on three low-power FM translators: 92.5 MHz, 104.5 MHz and 105.3 MHz.

Dark (broadcasting)
In broadcasting, a dark television station or silent radio station is one that has gone off the air for an indefinite period of time. Usually unlike dead air (broadcasting only silence), a station that is dark or silent does not even transmit a carrier signal.
Chakal, Iran
Chakal (Persian: چاكل, also Romanized as Chākal; also known as Chāgal) is a village in Siyarastaq Yeylaq Rural District, Rahimabad District, Rudsar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 16, in 11 families.

Eshkevar-e Olya and Siyarastaq Yeylaq Rural District
Eshkevar-e Olya and Siyarastaq Yeylaq Rural District (Persian: دهستان اشکور عليا و سيارستاق ييلاقي) is in Rahimabad District of Rudsar County, Gilan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Sarem.
Nawfel Zerhouni
Nawfel Zerhouni (Arabic: نوفل الزرهوني; born 14 September 1995) is a Moroccan professional footballer who plays as a right winger or attacking midfielder for Libyan Premier League club Al Ittihad, and the Morocco A' national team.

He began his football career by joining Raja Club Athletic training center at the Oasis Complex when he was 10 years old. In 2015, he joined the first team but did not establish himself and went on loan to Youssoufia Berrechid. The following year, he signed for RC Oued Zem where he won the 2016–17 Botola 2. He was then signed by Fath Union Sports where he played for four and a half years. In 2022, flies to Saudi Arabia to sign with Al-Hazm. In January 2023, he finally returned to Raja CA.

2023–24 Botola Pro
The 2023–24 Botola Pro, also known as Botola Pro Inwi for sponsorship reasons, is the 67th season of the Premier League and the 13th under its current format of Moroccan Pro League, the top Moroccan professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1956. AS FAR came into the season as defending champions of the 2022–23 season. RCA Zemamra and Youssoufia Berrechid entered as the two promoted teams from the 2022–23 Botola 2.

On 14 June 2024, Raja CA won the last match 0–3 against MC Oujda and secured their thirteenth Botola title. They won their last 9 league games, finishing on 72 points without a single defeat, both all-time records.
Diplectria
Diplectria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Melastomataceae, erected by Ludwig Reichenbach in 1841. Some species, including the type D. divaricata, have also been placed previously in Melastoma and Dissochaeta; they are native to Indochina, Hainan, Malesia, and New Guinea.

Melastoma
Melastoma is a genus in the family Melastomataceae. It has over 100 species distributed around Southeast Asia, India, north to Japan, south to Australia and the Pacific Islands. The number of species should probably be reduced according to some sources. Many species have been planted around the world for the aesthetic value of their bright purple flowers.

Species in this genus are native to temperate and tropical Asia, Seychelles, Pacific and Australasia. Several have the capacity to become invasive species, in Hawaii and other areas.
2013 Campeonato Internacional de Tenis de Santos
The 2013 Campeonato Internacional de Tenis de Santos was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Santos, Brazil between 15 and 21 April 2013.

2013 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The 2013 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 149 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $220,000.
2021 Abu Dhabi Women's Tennis Open
The 2021 Abu Dhabi Women's Tennis Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the inaugural professional edition of the tournament and a WTA 500 tournament on the 2021 WTA Tour. It took place at the Zayed Sports City International Tennis Centre in Abu Dhabi, from 6 January to 13 January 2021. Fourth-seeded Aryna Sabalenka won the singles title.

2021 WTA Tour
The 2021 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2021 tennis season. The 2021 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA 1000 tournaments, the WTA 500 tournaments, the WTA 250 tournaments, the Billie Jean King Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the WTA Finals and the WTA Elite Trophy). Also included in the 2021 calendar are the Summer Olympic Games, which were rescheduled from 2020.
Christiaan Bezuidenhout
Christiaan Bezuidenhout (pronounced [ˈkrəstijɑːn bəˈzœydənˌɦœut]; born 18 May 1994) is a South African professional golfer who is a three-time winner on the European Tour. He won the 2019 Estrella Damm N.A. Andalucía Masters and, in consecutive weeks, the 2020 Alfred Dunhill Championship and 2020 South African Open.

2022 Presidents Cup
The 2022 Presidents Cup was the 14th edition of the Presidents Cup golf competition, held at Quail Hollow Club in Charlotte, North Carolina, from September 22–25, 2022. This was Quail Hollow's first time hosting the Presidents Cup. The matches were originally scheduled for fall 2021, but the Presidents Cup, the Ryder Cup, and other team golf events were delayed by a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The USA won the competition and retained the cup.
St Mary's Church, Chastleton
The Church of St Mary the Virgin is the Church of England parish church of Chastleton, Oxfordshire, England. It is a parish church in the parish of Little Compton, along with those of Cornwell, Daylesford and Little Rollright. The parish is part of the Team Benefice of Chipping Norton, along with the parishes of Chipping Norton with Over Norton, Churchill and Kingham. The Benefice of Chipping Norton is part of the Diocese of Oxford.

The church was built in about AD 1100 and enlarged in 1320. The present bell-tower was added in 1689. The church was restored in 1878–80 to designs by CE Powell and is a Grade II* listed building.

Diocese of Oxford
The Diocese of Oxford is a Church of England diocese that forms part of the Province of Canterbury. The diocese is led by the Bishop of Oxford (currently Steven Croft), and the bishop's seat is at Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. It contains more church buildings than any other diocese and has more paid clergy than any other except London.

The diocese now covers the counties of Berkshire (118 churches), Buckinghamshire (152 churches), Oxfordshire (227 churches) and five churches in the nearby counties. Their 284 schools educate more than 68,000 students.
Hamsanadam
Hamsanadam (pronounced hamsanādam) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a pentatonic scale (audava rāgam, which means "of 5"), as it is sung in current days. It is a derived scale (janya rāgam), as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes), from the 60th Melakarta rāgam Neetimati.

Janya
Janya is a term meaning "derive". In Carnatic (South Indian) music a janya raga is one derived from one of the 72 melakarta ragas (fundamental melodic structures). Janya ragas are classified into various types based on a variety of features.
Indre By
55°41′N 12°35′E﻿ / ﻿55.68°N 12.58°E﻿ / 55.68; 12.58

Indre By (English: lit. 'Inner City'), also known as Copenhagen Center or K or Downtown Copenhagen, is an administrative district (bydel) in central Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark. It covers an area of 4.65 square kilometres (1.80 sq mi), has a population of 26,223, and a population density of 5,638 per km2.

Neighboring city districts are as follows:

to the east and south east is Christianshavn, separated from the Inner City by the Inner Harbour (Inderhavnen) and Copenhagen Harbour (Københavns Havn)

to the north is Indre Østerbro

to the west is Indre Nørrebro and Frederiksberg municipality, which is not a part of Copenhagen municipality but rather an enclave surrounded by the municipality, with both being separated from the Indre By along the "lakes" (Skt. Jørgens Lake, Peblinge Lake, and Sortedams Lake)

to the southwest is Vesterbro

to the south is Vestamager, separated from the Inner City by the South Harbour (Sydhavnen)

Vestamager
Vestamager most often refers to Kalvebod Fælled, but is also the name of one of the 15 administrative, statistical, and tax city districts (bydele) comprising the municipality of Copenhagen, Denmark.  It lies on the south border of the municipality on the island of Amager.  It covers an area of 13.99 km2, has a population of 7,799 and a population density of 558 per km2, making it both the largest district in area and the least densely populated district in Copenhagen.

Neighboring city districts are as follows:

to the east is Sundbyvester

to the north is Christianshavn, separated from Sundbyvester by Stadsgraven

to the south is the part of Kalvebod Fælled that lies in Tårnby municipality
Gayadhara
Gayadhara (d. 1103 CE) was an 11th century Indian Buddhist master and scholar and one of teachers who spread the Lamdre doctrine in Tibet from which he was instructed by the teacher, Virupa. He was also the teacher of the Tibetan monk, Drogmi.

He is considered to be one of the more eccentric figures in Indian Buddhist history.

Virūpa
Virupa (Sanskrit: Virūpa; Tib. bi ru pa or bir wa pa, lit. 'ugly one'), also known as Virupaksa and Tutop Wangchuk, was an 8th–9th century Indian mahasiddha and yogi, and the source of important cycles of teachings in Vajrayana Buddhism.
Restriction point
The restriction point (R), also known as the Start or G1/S checkpoint, is a cell cycle checkpoint in the G1 phase of the animal cell cycle at which the cell becomes "committed" to the cell cycle, and after which extracellular signals are no longer required to stimulate proliferation. The defining biochemical feature of the restriction point is the activation of G1/S- and S-phase cyclin-CDK complexes, which in turn phosphorylate proteins that initiate DNA replication, centrosome duplication, and other early cell cycle events. It is one of three main cell cycle checkpoints, the other two being the G2-M DNA damage checkpoint and the spindle checkpoint.

G2-M DNA damage checkpoint
The G2-M DNA damage checkpoint is an important cell cycle checkpoint in eukaryotic organisms that ensures that cells don't initiate mitosis until damaged or incompletely replicated DNA is sufficiently repaired. Cells with a defective G2-M checkpoint will undergo apoptosis or death after cell division if they enter the M phase before repairing their DNA. The defining biochemical feature of this checkpoint is the activation of M-phase cyclin-CDK complexes, which phosphorylate proteins that promote spindle assembly and bring the cell to metaphase.
Zahid Ur Rashdi
Mawlānā Zahid Ur Rashdi (born 28 October 1948) (Urdu: مولانا زاہد الراشدی) is a Pakistani Islamic scholar, writer, editor, columnist and founding director of Al-Sharia Academy, Gujranwala. He has served in various positions in different political and educational institutions.

Institute of Policy Studies (Pakistan)
The Institute of Policy Studies  (Urdu: ادارہ امور دانش و کار ہائے حکمت) is a Pakistani think tank founded by economist, political thinker and former senator Khurshid Ahmad in 1979, who continues as its chairman. IPS declares itself to be an autonomous, not-for-profit, civil society organization, dedicated to promoting policy-oriented research. It claims to provide a forum for informed discussion and dialogue on national and international issues.

Research matters are overseen by the IPS National Academic Council composed of diplomats, academics, educationists, military and industry experts.
Zaitseve, Bakhmut urban hromada, Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast
Zaitseve (Ukrainian: Зайцеве; Russian: Зайцево) is a village in Bakhmut Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at about 60.3 kilometres (37.5 mi) northeast by north (NEbN) from of the centre of Donetsk city, about 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) southwards from the southern border of Bakhmut. It belongs to Bakhmut urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Bakhmut urban hromada
Bakhmut urban hromada (Ukrainian: Бахмутська міська громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast. Its administrative center is the city Bakhmut.

It was founded on 26 June 2019, from the merger of local village councils in Bakhmut Raion. The hromada has an international partnership with Saldus Municipality in Latvia.
USS Allegheny (1847)
USS Allegheny – the first United States Navy ship to be so named – was a large (989 long tons (1,005 t)) iron-hulled steamer that served as an American gunboat in the South Atlantic Ocean as well as in the European area. When the American Civil War occurred, Allegheny served the Union cause honorably, doing her part by supporting the Union Navy – because of her large size and operational condition – as a receiving ship.

Allegheny was somewhat different from other gunboats of the time as she was propelled by two eight-bladed horizontal wheels invented by Lieutenant William W. Hunter. Eventually this design proved impractical, and Allegheny was rebuilt as a conventional screw steamer.

USS Pennsylvania (1837)
USS Pennsylvania was a three-decked ship of the line of the United States Navy, rated at 130 guns, and named for the state of Pennsylvania.  She was the largest United States sailing warship ever built, the equivalent of a first-rate of the British Royal Navy.  Authorized in 1816 and launched in 1837, her only cruise was a single trip from Delaware Bay through Chesapeake Bay to the Norfolk Navy Yard.  The ship became a receiving ship, and, during the American Civil War, was destroyed.
Thomas de Maizière
Karl Ernst Thomas de Maizière (German pronunciation: [də mɛˈzi̯ɛːɐ̯]; born 21 January 1954) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as Federal Minister of the Interior from 2009 to 2011 and 2013 to 2018, as well as Federal Minister of Defence from 2011 to 2013. He previously served as Head of the Chancellery and Federal Minister for Special Affairs in the First Merkel cabinet from 2005 to 2009. Since 2009, he has been a member of the Bundestag for Meißen.

Along with Ursula von der Leyen and Wolfgang Schäuble, De Maizière was one of only three ministers to have continuously served in Chancellor Angela Merkel's cabinets from 2005 until 2018. Together with von der Leyen, he was widely looked on as a possible future successor to Merkel. Before his appointment to the federal cabinet, he served as a minister in the state government of Saxony, including as chief of staff to the Minister-President, State Minister of Finance and State Minister of Justice.

Head of the Federal Chancellery of Germany
The Head of the Chancellery (German: Chef des Bundeskanzleramtes, abbreviated ChefBK) is the highest ranking official of the German Chancellery and the principal assistant of the Chancellor of Germany. The Chief of Staff is in charge of the running of the German Chancellery as well as with coordinating the federal government's work. The Chief of Staff is either a member of the federal cabinet with the rank of Federal Minister for Special Affairs or holds the rank of Secretary of State. All Chiefs of Staff since 2005 have been members of the federal cabinet.
Elefantenrunde
Elefantenrunde, literally "Elephants' round-table", is a German language term for a television debate in which the leaders of parties with representation in parliament participate. The term originates in Germany and derives from the "weightiness" of the debates' participants and the significance of the event. The word was subsequently adopted in Austria and Switzerland and is currently in use there, but has no uniformly agreed meaning.

Franz Josef Strauss
Franz Josef Strauss (German: Strauß [fʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈʃtʁaʊs]; 6 September 1915 – 3 October 1988) was a German politician. He was the long-time chairman of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU) from 1961 until 1988, member of the federal cabinet in different positions between 1953 and 1969 and minister-president of Bavaria from 1978 until 1988. Strauss is also credited as a co-founder of European aerospace conglomerate Airbus.

After the 1969 federal elections, West Germany's CDU/CSU alliance found itself out of power for the first time since the founding of the Federal Republic. At this time, Strauss became more identified with the regional politics of Bavaria. While he ran for the chancellorship as the candidate of the CDU/CSU in 1980, for the rest of his life Strauss never again held federal office. From 1978 until his death in 1988, he was the head of the Bavarian government. His last two decades were marked by a fierce rivalry with CDU chairman Helmut Kohl.
Chernetsov's Partisans
Chernetsov's Partisans was an irregular military unit of the Don Army, commissioned under the act of ataman Alexey Kaledin on November 7, 1917, in the opening stages of Russian Civil War. The 600-man regiment-size unit was formed of Don Cossack officers and students of Novocherkassk. However, many Bolsheviks considered Vasily Chernetsov and his men brutal counter-revolutionaries, who were not entitled to protection when captured, as was the case with other prisoners of war. Colonel Chernetsov's death at the hands of the Bolsheviks was explored in Mikhail Sholokhov's novel And Quiet Flows the Don.

After Chernetsov's death the surviving members joined the Volunteer Army's Ice March at the end of February 1918.

Don Army
The Don Army (Russian: Донская армия, Donskaya Armiya) was the military of the short lived Don Republic and a part of the White movement in the Russian Civil War. It operated from 1918 to 1920, in the Don region and centered in the town of Novocherkassk.
Dasineura investita
Dasineura investita, the wood nettle gall midge, forms a gall that grows on the wood nettle plant Laportea canadensis. It was described in 2016 and is caused by a midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. The galls form on the petiole, upper leaf, leaf midrib, on leaf veins, between leaf veins, flower, stem. They are oval globose 4-5 mm by 8-12 mm pale, red, white, to green translucent. There are two generations a year, the full grown larva from the autumn generation overwinters in the central chamber of the gall. The genus Dasineura is a vary large one with many gall forming species.

Dasineura
Dasineura is a genus of midges in the family Cecidomyiidae, some of which cause galls on plants such as Dasineura crataegi on hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) and Dasineura fraxinea on ash (Fraxinus excelsior).
El Salvador Caucus
The Congressional El Salvador Caucus is a bi-partisan congressional caucus of the United States Congress that supports strengthening relations with the country of El Salvador. The caucus was founded by former Republican representative Matt Gaetz in July 2024 and is co-chaired by Republican congresswoman Anna Paulina Luna and Democratic congressman Vicente Gonzalez.

Congressional caucus
A congressional caucus is a group of members of the United States Congress that meet to pursue common legislative objectives. Formally, caucuses are formed as congressional member organizations (CMOs) through the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate and governed under the rules of these chambers. In addition to the term "caucus", they are sometimes called conferences (especially Republican ones), coalitions, study groups, task forces, or working groups. Many other countries use the term parliamentary group; the Parliament of the United Kingdom has many all-party parliamentary groups.