hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joel McCormack
Joel McCormack is an American computer scientist who designed the NCR Corporation version of the p-code machine, which is a kind of stack machine popular in the 1970s as the preferred way to implement new computing architectures and languages such as Pascal and BCPL. The NCR design shares no common architecture with the Pascal MicroEngine designed by Western Digital but both were meant to execute the UCSD p-System.[1,2]

Niklaus Wirth
Niklaus Emil Wirth (IPA: /vɛrt/) (15 February 1934 – 1 January 2024) was a Swiss computer scientist. He designed several programming languages, including Pascal, and pioneered several classic topics in software engineering. In 1984, he won the Turing Award, generally recognized as the highest distinction in computer science, "for developing a sequence of innovative computer languages".
1990 Arizona House of Representatives election
The 1990 Arizona House of Representatives elections were held on November 6, 1990. Voters elected all 60 members of the Arizona House of Representatives in multi-member districts to serve a two-year term. The elections coincided with the elections for other offices, including Governor, U.S. House, and State Senate. Primary elections were held on September 11, 1990.

Prior to the elections, the Republicans held a majority of 34 seats over the Democrats' 26 seats.

Following the elections, Republicans maintained control of the chamber, though their majority was reduced to 33 Republicans to 27 Democrats, a net gain of one seat for Democrats.

The newly elected members served in the 40th Arizona State Legislature, during which Republican Jane Dee Hull was re-elected as Speaker of the Arizona House.

1990–91 Arizona gubernatorial election
The 1990–91 Arizona gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 1990, for the post of Governor of Arizona. Incumbent Democratic Governor Rose Mofford declined to run for a full term. Republican Fife Symington defeated the Democratic nominee and Mayor of Phoenix Terry Goddard.  Because no candidate received a majority of votes, a runoff election was held later on February 26, 1991, which Symington also won. This is the only election where Arizona used a runoff election.

Evan Mecham, a former governor who was removed from office in 1988 upon being convicted in his impeachment trial, unsuccessfully ran for another term in the Republican primary.
Bakeri Expressway
Bakeri Expressway (formerly known as Asia Boulevard) is a north–south highway in the west of Tehran, Iran. It begins from the Hesarak in the north and passes other major highways like Niyayesh, Hemmat and Hakim ending in Tehran–Karaj Expressway. Bakeri is one of the main Expressways of Tehran.

The length of this highway is 7 kilometers.

Hakim Expressway
Hakim Expressway starts from the junction of  Resalat Expressway and Kordestan Expressway after Resalat Tunnel and ends in Allame Jafari (Nour) Square. It is part of Resalat Expressway before renaming some parts to Hakim and Allameh Jafari.
2015 sandalwood smugglers encounter in Andhra Pradesh
On 7 April 2015, Andhra Pradesh Police shot twenty Tamil Red sandle smugglers in the Seshachalam forest in Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Red Sanders Anti-Smuggling Task Force DIG Kantha Rao said that the smugglers attacked the team with sickles, rods and axes. Asked if the attack could have been quelled without such fatalities, Rao said, "We gave them several warnings but they did not stop attacking us. There were over a hundred of them." Asked how many of his men were grievously injured, he said, "Nobody is seriously hurt from our side. Their superior training saved their lives."

Human rights activists did not believe the police version of the shootings. They say some of the bodies had burn marks and others had bullet injuries in the chest and head. Witnesses said that some of those killed were pulled off a bus by the policemen.

Chittoor district
Chittoor district (pronunciationⓘ) is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It had a population of 18,72,951 at the 2011 census of India. It is a major market centre for mangoes, grains, sugarcane, and peanuts. The district headquarters is at Chittoor City. The major cities/towns in the district are Chittoor, Nagari, Palamaner, and Kuppam.
Political messages of Dr. Seuss
The political messages of American children's author and cartoonist Theodor Seuss Geisel, best known as Dr. Seuss, are found in many of his books. Seuss was a liberal and a moralist who expressed his views in his books through the use of ridicule, satire, wordplay, nonsense words, and wild drawings to take aim at bullies, hypocrites, and demagogues.

Earlier in his career, Seuss created political cartoons. Seuss's political ideas can also be found in books such as: The Lorax, Marvin K. Mooney Will You Please Go Now!, The Cat in the Hat, Horton Hears a Who!, Yertle the Turtle, The Sneetches, and The Butter Battle Book. Although his books commonly contain anti-fascist and anti-racist themes, they also commonly utilize racial stereotypes when depicting non-white individuals.

Anti-Japanese sentiment in the United States
Anti-Japanese sentiment in the United States has existed since the late 19th century, especially during the Yellow Peril, which had also extended to other Asian immigrants.

Anti-Japanese sentiment against American citizens of Japanese descent in the United States would peak during World War II, when the Empire of Japan became involved in the Pacific War theater. After the war, the rise of Japan as a major economic power in the 1970s was seen as a widespread economic threat to the United States and also led to a renewal of anti-Japanese sentiment, known as Japan bashing.
French tariff of 1887
The French tariff of 1887 was a protectionist law passed by the National Assembly of the French Third Republic that imposed tariffs. It became law on 29 March 1885.

The 1885 tariff had increased the wheat duty to 3 francs per 100 kg. The farmers had requested a duty of 5 francs and as soon as the 1885 law was passed they agitated for an increase. They claimed that home-grown produce could not cover its costs at the current price.

French tariff of 1885
The French tariff of 1885 was a protectionist law passed by the National Assembly of the French Third Republic that imposed tariffs. It became law on 28 March 1885.

Under the 1881 tariff, wheat was subject to a duty of 0.60 francs per 100kg. A combination of foreign competition and bad harvests had caused a growth in grain imports since 1879. Grain prices declined from 22 francs per hectoliter in 1881 to 16 francs in 1885. The Société des agriculteurs de France and the Association de l'industrie française combined to pressure the government into increasing tariffs. The agriculturists held a series of national agricultural conventions to rally farmers to protection, beginning in November 1884. The farmers requested a duty of 5 francs. The Minister of Agriculture, Jules Méline, was supportive but the Chamber of Deputies voted for a duty of 3 francs.
Evans Johnson
Ven. John Evans Johnson, D.D. (1802 – 23 March 1879) was an Irish Anglican priest.

Johnson was from Ballyroan, Dublin and educated at Trinity College, Dublin, the son of Hon. Justice Robert Johnson. He was appointed Archdeacon of Ferns from 1848 to 1870.

He married Harriet Trench, great niece of Baron Ashtown, in 1831 in Sussex.

Archdeacon of Ferns
The Archdeacon of Ferns is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Church of Ireland. The Archdeacon is responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the Ferns Diocese, now part of the Diocese of Cashel and Ossory.

The archdeaconry can trace its history from Reginald, the first known incumbent, who held the office between 1223 and 1230, to the current incumbent Bob Gray who was appointed in 2015.
Great Musi Flood of 1908
The Great Musi Flood was a devastating flood that occurred on 28 September 1908 in Hyderabad on the banks of the Musi River, in British India. The city of Hyderabad was the capital of the Hyderabad State, ruled by the Nizam, Mir Mahbub Ali Khan.

The flood, locally known as Thughyani Sitambar, shattered the life of the people living in Hyderabad, killing 50,000 people  It washed away three bridges — the Afzal, Mussallam Jung and Chaderghat, such that the Puranapul became the only link between the two parts of the city.

Afzal Gunj
Afzal Gunj is one of the neighbourhoods located on the border of central Hyderabad and the Old City, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, close to river Musi. Afzal Gunj is the hub of local transportation due to the presence of Central Bus Station in the region. The bus station provides services to most parts of the city.

The famous Osmania General Hospital, Telangana State Central Library and Telangana High Court are located here. Other landmarks such as the Charminar and nearby monuments, Purani Haveli, and the Salar Jung Museum are located nearby.
Hope Fault
The Hope Fault is an active dextral (right lateral) strike-slip fault in the northeastern part of South Island, New Zealand. It forms part of the Marlborough fault system, which accommodates the transfer of displacement along the oblique convergent boundary between the Indo-Australian plate and Pacific plate, from the transform Alpine Fault to the Hikurangi Trough subduction zone.

Active fault
An active fault is a fault that is likely to become the source of another earthquake sometime in the future. Geologists commonly consider faults to be active if there has been movement observed or evidence of seismic activity during the last 10,000 years.

Active faulting is considered to be a geologic hazard – one related to earthquakes as a cause. Effects of movement on an active fault include strong ground motion, surface faulting, tectonic deformation, landslides and rockfalls, liquefaction, tsunamis, and seiches.

Quaternary faults are those active faults that have been recognized at the surface and which have evidence of movement during the Quaternary Period.

Related geological disciplines for active-fault studies include geomorphology, seismology, reflection seismology, plate tectonics, geodetics and remote sensing, risk analysis, and others.
Castelbellino
Castelbellino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ancona in the Italian region Marche, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Ancona.

Castelbellino borders the following municipalities: Jesi, Maiolati Spontini, Monte Roberto.

Ancona
Ancona (/æŋˈkoʊnə/, also US: /ænˈ-, ɑːnˈ-/; Italian: [aŋˈkoːna] ⓘ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region of central Italy. The city of Ancona has an estimated population of around 99,469 as of 2025. Ancona is the capital of the homonymous province and of the region. The city is located 280 km (170 mi) northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic Sea, between the slopes of the two extremities of the promontory of Monte Conero, Monte Astagno and Monte Guasco. The hilly nature around Ancona is a strong contrast to the flatter coastline in areas further north.

Ancona is one of the main ports on the Adriatic Sea, especially for passenger traffic, and is the main economic and demographic centre of the region.

As a result of Ancona's unique elbow shape facing the sea, Ancona is one of the few cities in the world and the only city in Italy where it is possible to see both sunrise and sunset over the sea.
Mitropa
Mitropa (stylised in all caps) was a catering company best known for having managed sleeping and dining cars of different German railways for most of the 20th century. Founded in 1916, the name "Mitropa" is an abbreviation of Mitteleuropäische Schlafwagen- und Speisewagen-Aktien-Gesellschaft. The railway carriages displayed a distinct burgundy-red livery with the Mitropa logo.

Since a 2002 reorganization, when the onboard catering branch was taken over by DB Fernverkehr, the company only provided stationary food services for rail and road customers. The remaining business was sold to Compass Group in 2004 and merged into the Select Service Partner (SSP) subsidiary in 2006.

Dining car
A dining car (American English) or a restaurant car (British English), also a diner, is a passenger railroad car that serves meals in the manner of a full-service, sit-down restaurant.

These cars provide the highest level of service of any railroad food service car, typically employing multiple servers and kitchen staff members. Consequently, they are the most expensive to operate. It is distinct from other railroad food service cars that do not duplicate the full-service restaurant experience, such as buffet cars, cars in which one purchases food from a walk-up counter to be consumed either within the car or elsewhere in the train. Grill cars, in which customers sit on stools at a counter and purchase and consume food cooked on a grill behind the counter are generally considered to be an "intermediate" type of dining car.
Xenias of Arcadia
Xenias of Arcadia (Ancient Greek: Ξενίας) was a Parrhasian (he was also called Xenias of Parrhasia) general who commanded mercenaries in the service of Cyrus the Younger.  In 405 BC, he accompanied Cyrus to court along with 300 men, after he had been summoned there by his father, Darius Nothus. After the return of Cyrus to western Asia, Xenias commanded several garrisons for him in Ionia, and with the greater portion of these troops,  4,000 hoplites, he joined the prince in his expedition against Artaxerxes II, leaving behind only a sufficient number of men to guard the citadels. At Tarsus a large body of his soldiers and of those of Pasion of Megara deserted and joined Clearchus of Sparta. Cyrus having afterwards allowed the latter to retain them, Xenias and Pasion abandoned the army at Myriandus, and sailed away to Greece.

Parrhasia (Arcadia)
Parrhasia (Greek: Παρρασία) was a region in south Arcadia, Greece. Parrhasius, son of Lycaon gave it his name.

Today, the area corresponds to modern southwestern Arcadia, west of Megalopoli, and southeastern Elis.   The nymph of Artemis named Callisto, whom the goddess Hera made into a bear and Zeus later made into the constellation Ursa Major, was said to come from Parrhasia.  Athenaios mentions a famous beauty contest there.
Mohmand marble mine landslide
The Mohmand marble mine landslide happened on 7 September 2020. At least 18 people were killed and more than 20 people injured by a landslide at a marble mine in Mohmand District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Mohmand District
Mohmand District (Pashto: مومندو ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع مہمند) is a district in Peshawar Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. Until 2018, it was an agency of Federally Administered Tribal Areas, with merger of FATA with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it became a district. It was created as an agency in 1951. Mohmand is bordered by Bajaur District to the north, Khyber District to the south, Malakand and Charsadda districts to the east and Peshawar District to the southeast.

Mr. Muhammad Yasir Hassan is the current Deputy Commissioner of Mohmand District.
Talent Identification Program
The Duke University Talent Identification Program (commonly referred to as "Duke TIP") was a gifted education program based at Duke University. Founded in 1980 as one of the first pre-collegiate studies programs offered by an American university, the program aimed to identify gifted students in grades four through twelve and provide advanced educational opportunities, as well as social and emotional support.  The Duke TIP program permanently ended in 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Gifted education
Gifted education (also known as gifted and talented education (GATE), talented and gifted programs (TAG), or G&T education) is a type of education used for children who have been identified as gifted or talented.

The main approaches to gifted education are enrichment and acceleration. An enrichment program teaches additional, deeper material, but keeps the student progressing through the curriculum at the same rate as their peers. For example, after gifted students have completed the standard curriculum, an enrichment program might provide them with additional information about a subject. An acceleration program advances the student through the standard curriculum faster than normal. This is normally done by having the students skip one to two grades.

Being gifted and talented usually means being able to score in the top percentile on IQ exams. The percentage of students selected varies, generally with 10% or fewer being selected for gifted education programs.
Ansbach (electoral district)
Ansbach is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 240. It is located in western Bavaria, comprising the city of Ansbach and the districts of Landkreis Ansbach and Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen.

Ansbach was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2017, it has been represented by Artur Auernhammer of the Christian Social Union (CSU).

Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen
Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen (German pronunciation: [ˈvaɪsn̩ˌbʊʁk ɡʊntsn̩ˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in the west of Bavaria, Germany with a population of 95,000. Neighbouring districts are (from the north clockwise) Ansbach, Roth, Eichstätt and Donau-Ries. It is located in the south of Middle Franconia, 50 kilometres south of Nuremberg. Largest city and the administrative center is Weißenburg in Bayern.
1980 Wimbledon Championships – Men's singles final
The 1980 Wimbledon Championships Men's Singles final was the championship tennis match of the gentlemen's singles tournament at the 1980 Wimbledon Championships. After 3 hours and 53 minutes of play, the four-time defending champion Björn Borg defeated John McEnroe 1–6, 7–5, 6–3, 6–7(16–18), 8–6 to win the match. McEnroe saved seven championship points during the match but ultimately lost to Borg in what was regarded at the time as the greatest tennis match ever played (it would later be compared to the 2008 men's singles final between Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal).

1980 Wimbledon Championships
The 1980 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament ran from 23 June until 5 July. It was the 94th staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1980.
1987 Purdue Boilermakers football team
The 1987 Purdue Boilermakers football team represented Purdue University as a member of the Big Ten Conference during the 1987 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by first-year head coach Fred Akers, the Boilermakers compiled an overall record of 3–7–1 with a mark of 3–5 in conference play, tying for sixth place in the Big Ten. Purdue played home games at Ross–Ade Stadium in West Lafayette, Indiana.

Fred Akers
Frederick Sanford Akers (March 17, 1938 – December 7, 2020) was an American football player and coach. He served as head football coach at the University of Wyoming (1975–1976), the University of Texas at Austin (1977–1986), and Purdue University (1987–1990), compiling a career college football record of 108–75–3.
L. Welch Pogue Award for Lifetime Achievement in Aviation
The L. Welch Pogue Award for Lifetime Achievement in Aviation is an award created by Aviation Week & Space Technology that is annually presented to an individual who is "considered a visionary and a preeminent leader of contemporary aviation."

In 2011, the International Aviation Club of Washington, D.C., and the Jones Day law firm partnered with Aviation Week to present the award. (The IAC was co-sponsor again in 2016 and 2017.)

United States Secretary of Transportation
The United States secretary of transportation is the head of the United States Department of Transportation. The secretary serves as the principal advisor to the president of the United States on all matters relating to transportation. The secretary is a statutory member of the Cabinet of the United States, and is fourteenth in the presidential line of succession.

The secretary of transportation oversees the U.S. Department of Transportation, which has over 55,000 employees and thirteen agencies, including the Federal Aviation Administration, the Federal Highway Administration, the Federal Railroad Administration, and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. As of January 2021, the secretary receives an annual salary of $221,400.

Sean Duffy has served as the 20th secretary of transportation since January 28, 2025. He was appointed by President Donald Trump to serve this position, and was confirmed by the Senate in a 77-22 vote.
Kril Island
Kril Island (Bulgarian: остров Крил, romanized: ostrov Kril, IPA: [ˈɔstrof ˈkriɫ]) is the mostly ice-covered island 1.2 km long in southwest–northeast direction and 310 m wide in the Wauwermans Islands group of Wilhelm Archipelago in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Its surface area is 24.92 ha.

The feature is so named because of its shape supposedly resembling a specimen of krill ('kril' in Bulgarian), and in association with other descriptive names of islands in the area.

Wauwermans Islands
Wauwermans Islands is a group of small, low, snow-covered islands forming the northernmost group in the Wilhelm Archipelago. Discovered by a German expedition 1873–74, under Dallmann. Sighted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Gerlache, and named for Lieutenant General Wauwermans, president of the Société Royale Belge de Géographie, a supporter of the expedition.
Love Forever Shines
Love Forever Shines is the eighth studio album by American singer Regina Belle. It was released by Pendulum Records on May 13, 2008, in the United States. The album became Belle's highest-charting album since Reachin' Back (1995), peaking at number three on the US Top Gospel Albums and number 15 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. The album's first single "God Is Good" peaked at number 34 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

Reachin' Back
Reachin' Back is the fourth studio album by American singer Regina Belle. It was released by Columbia Records on September 5, 1995, in the United States. A cover album of classic songs, it is dedicated to Philadelphia soul music. The album peaked at number 115 on the ZS Billboard 200 and number 18 on the Top R&B Albums chart. Its first and only single, "Love T.K.O.", peaked at number 29 on the Hot R&B Singles chart.
Vesna (Russia)
The Youth Democratic Movement "Vesna" (Russian: Молодёжное демократическое движение «Весна», romanized: Molodozhnoye demokraticheskoye dvizheniye "Vesna", lit. 'Spring') is a Russian liberal democratic youth movement based in Saint Petersburg.

The movement has full membership in the International Federation of Liberal Youth and European Liberal Youth.

Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg
The Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg (Russian: Законода́тельное собра́ние Санкт-Петербу́рга, ЗакС, romanized: Zakonodátel'noe sobránie Sankt-Peterbúrga, ZakS) is the regional parliament of Saint Petersburg, a federal subject (federal city) of Russia. It was established in 1994, succeeding the Leningrad Council of People's Deputies (Lensovet).

It is a permanent body, and the supreme and only governing body in St Petersburg. It is located in the Mariinsky Palace. Its powers and duties are defined in the Charter of Saint Petersburg.
Wessam Abou Ali
Wessam Haitham Mohammed Abou Ali (Arabic: وسام هيثم محمد أبو علي; born 4 January 1999) is a professional footballer who plays as a striker for Major League Soccer club Columbus Crew. Born in Denmark, he plays for the Palestine national team.

2024–25 Egyptian Premier League
The 2024–25 Egyptian Premier League season is the 66th edition of the Egyptian Premier League, the top professional league for association football clubs in the Egyptian football league system, since its establishment in 1948. Fixtures for the 2024–25 season were announced on 19 October 2024. Al Ahly are the defending champions.

The season started on 30 October 2024, and is scheduled to conclude on 31 May 2025.