hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scott and Roberts Dry Cleaning Plant, Office, and Store
Scott and Roberts Dry Cleaning Plant, Office, and Store is a historic dry cleaning plant, office, and store located at Durham, Durham County, North Carolina. It was built in 1947, and is a one-story, three bay Moderne-brick building on a partial concrete basement.  It features a projecting center bay, plate-glass storefront windows, and a centered front entrance with original glass-block entrance surround.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning is any cleaning process for clothing and textiles using a solvent other than water. Clothes are instead soaked in a water-free liquid organic solvent (usually non-polar, as opposed to water which is a polar solvent) typically inside a specialised dry-cleaning machine. The most commonly used solvent is Perchloroethylene (known as "PCE" or "perc" for short), although other solvents such as hydrocarbon mixtures and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane are also used. Historical solvents include carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, trichlorotrifluoroethane, trichloroethane and n-propyl bromide.

Most natural fibers can be washed in water but some synthetics (e.g., rayon) react poorly with water and should be dry cleaned if possible. If not, this could result in changes in texture, colour, strength, and shape. Additionally, certain specialty fabrics, including silk, acetate and rayon, may also benefit from dry cleaning to prevent damage.
Law of squares
The law of squares is a theorem concerning transmission lines.  It states that the current injected into the line by a step in voltage reaches a maximum at a time proportional to the square of the distance down the line.  The theorem is due to William Thomson, the future Lord Kelvin.  The law was of crucial importance to the first submarine telegraph cables.

Heaviside step function
The Heaviside step function, or the unit step function, usually denoted by H or θ (but sometimes u, 1 or 𝟙), is a step function named after Oliver Heaviside, the value of which is zero for negative arguments and one for positive arguments.  Different conventions concerning the value H(0) are in use. It is an example of the general class of step functions, all of which can be represented as linear combinations of translations of this one.

The function was originally developed in operational calculus for the solution of differential equations, where it represents a signal that switches on at a specified time and stays switched on indefinitely. Heaviside developed the operational calculus as a tool in the analysis of telegraphic communications and represented the function as 1.
Helgrindur
Helgrindur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈhɛlˌkrɪntʏr̥], also known as Lýsuskarð, Lysuhóll or Lysukard) is a volcanic mountain range or massif in the middle of the Snæfellsnes peninsula that provides a backdrop to the port of Grundarfjörður. The volcano can be regarded as potentially active, with a risk of lava flows and much more rarely explosive tephra eruptions. The range with its prominent peaks, of Tröllkerling at 891 m (2,923 ft) in its south-east, Böðvarskúla at 988 m (3,241 ft) and Kaldnasaborgir (Kaldnasi) in its north-west at 986 m (3,235 ft) is popular with hikers or mountaineers.

Grundarfjörður
Grundarfjörður (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkrʏntarˌfjœrðʏr̥] ⓘ) is a town in the north of the Snæfellsnes peninsula in the west of Iceland. It is situated between a mountain range and the sea. The nearby mountain Kirkjufell forms a small peninsula.
Antigonus, son of Echecrates
Antigonus (Ancient Greek: Ἀντίγονος), son of Echecrates, named after his uncle Antigonus III Doson. He revealed to Philip V of Macedon a few months before his death in 179 BCE, the false accusations of his son Perseus of Macedon against his other son Demetrius, in consequence of which Philip put the latter to death. Indignant at the conduct of Perseus, Philip appointed Antigonus his successor; but on his death, Perseus obtained possession of the throne, and had Antigonus killed.

Antigonus III Doson
Antigonus III Doson (Ancient Greek: Ἀντίγονος Δώσων, 263–221 BC) was king of Antigonid Macedon from 229 BC to 221 BC. Antigonus was a member of the Antigonid dynasty through his paternal line.  During the Cleomenean War, Antigonus revived the Hellenic League of Philip II of Macedon under the name of the "League of Leagues" and managed to incorporate most of the Greek city-states in this League.
Rugby union in Singapore
Rugby union is not a major sport in Singapore. Singapore is currently ranked 58th in the world and 6th in Asia. As of February 2015, there over 12,000 registered players, with more than 2,000 women playing the sport. There are also 15 formally organised clubs with 4 registered Women's sides.

Club Rugby in Singapore is played in three divisions – the Premiership, the Championship, and the Conference. School Rugby is also contested over three age groups – the C division (under 14), the B division (under 17) and the A division (under 19). There are also a few schools that have a primary school-level rugby programme where they contest in the under-12 competition.

Singapore national rugby sevens team
The Singapore national rugby sevens team is a minor national sevens side. They have competed in the Hong Kong Sevens many times, and were the host team in the former Singapore Sevens.

In 2015, the team won the SEA Games' bronze medal.
Hualien Business Bank
Hualien Business Bank(Enterprise Bank of Hualien) (Chinese: 花蓮企銀) was a bank in Taiwan. A small bank with 31 branches, it ran into difficult financial times, and the government seized control of it in January 2007. In June, its assets were auctioned off to CTBC Financial Holding.

CTBC Financial Holding
CTBC Financial Holding Co., Ltd. (Former: ChinaTrust Financial Holding Company Ltd., Chinese: 中國信託金融控股) founded by Jeffrey Koo Sr., the third-generation of the Koo Family. Originally under the Koos Group, CTBC Financial Holding is a holding company  principally engaged in the finance industry through its eight major subsidiaries. As of 2024, the company reported total assets of $270 billion.

The holding company is based in CTBC Financial Park, Taipei, Taiwan. Today, the company is majority owned and chaired by Jeffrey Koo Jr. alongside the Koo Family.
Melody Millicent Danquah
Melody Millicent Danquah (6 January 1937 – 18 March 2016) was a Ghanaian pilot. She was amongst the first female pilot in Ghana and one of the earliest in Africa. She followed in the footsteps of Lotfia Elnadi who was the first Egyptian woman as well as the first woman from Africa to earn a pilot's license on 27 September 1933.

Lotfia Elnadi
Lotfia Elnadi (Arabic: لطفية النادي; October 29, 1907 – 2002) was an Egyptian aviator. She was the first Egyptian woman as well as the first woman from the Arab world and Africa to earn a pilot's license.
Out There: Oceans of Time
Out There: Oceans of Time is a 2022 adventure game developed by Mi-Clos Studio and published by Modern Wolf.  It includes elements of survival games and role-playing games.  Players attempt to survive while tracking an alien warlord in their spaceship.  It is a sequel to Out There.

Survival game
Survival games are a subgenre of action games which are often set in hostile, intense, open-world environments. Players generally start with minimal equipment and are required to survive as long as possible by finding the resources necessary to manage hunger, thirst, disease and/or mental state. Many survival games are based on randomly or procedurally generated persistent environments; more recently, survival games are often playable online, allowing players to interact in a single world. Survival games are generally open-ended with no set goals and often closely related to the survival horror genre, where the player must survive within a supernatural setting, such as a zombie apocalypse.
Index of trauma and orthopaedics articles
Orthopedic surgery is the branch of surgery concerned with conditions involving the musculoskeletal system. Orthopedic surgeons use both surgical and nonsurgical means to treat musculoskeletal injuries, sports injuries, degenerative diseases, infections, bone tumours, and congenital limb deformities.  Trauma surgery and traumatology is a sub-specialty dealing with the operative management of fractures, major trauma and the multiply-injured patient.

List excludes anatomical terminology covered in index of anatomy articles.

Galeazzi test
The Galeazzi test, also known as the Allis sign, is used to assess for hip dislocation, primarily in order to test for developmental dysplasia of the hip. It is performed by flexing an infant's knees when they are lying down so that the feet touch the surface and the ankles touch the buttocks. If the knees are not level then the test is positive, indicating a potential congenital hip malformation.
Peter Longerich
Heinz Peter Longerich (born 1955) is a German professor of history and historian. He is regarded by Ian Kershaw, Richard Evans, Timothy Snyder, Mark Roseman and Richard Overy, as one of the leading German authorities on the Holocaust.

Richard J. Evans
Sir Richard John Evans FRSL FRHistS FBA FLSW (born 29 September 1947) is a British historian of 19th- and 20th-century Europe with a focus on Germany. He is the author of eighteen books, including his three-volume The Third Reich Trilogy (2003–2008). Evans was Regius Professor of History at the University of Cambridge from 2008 until he retired in 2014, and President of Cambridge's Wolfson College from 2010 to 2017. He has been Provost of Gresham College in London since 2014.
Evans was appointed Knight Bachelor for services to scholarship in the 2012 Birthday Honours.
1994 Washington State Cougars football team
The 1994 Washington State Cougars football team was an American football team that represented Washington State University in the Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) during the 1994 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their sixth season under head coach Mike Price, the Cougars compiled an 7–4 regular season record (5–3 in Pac-10, fourth), and outscored their opponents 192 to 136.  The preseason media poll had picked WSU to finish last in the conference.

The team's statistical leaders included Chad Davis with 2,299 passing yards, Frank Madu with 494 rushing yards, and Albert Kennedy with 551 receiving yards.

Home games were played on campus at Martin Stadium in Pullman. The Cougars hosted and won the Apple Cup, (their second straight victory over the Huskies on the Palouse), and went to the second Alamo Bowl; they defeated Baylor for their eighth win, and were 21st in the final AP poll.

Martin Stadium
Martin Stadium is an outdoor athletic stadium in the Northwestern United States, on the campus of Washington State University in Pullman, Washington. It is the home field of the Washington State Cougars of the Pac-12 Conference.

Its full name is Gesa Field at Martin Stadium due to Richland-based Gesa Credit Union signing a 10-year sponsorship deal in 2021 for the playing surface; it has used artificial turf since its inception in 1972, with infilled FieldTurf used since 2000.
Noel McGrath (hurler)
Noel McGrath (born 17 December 1990) is an Irish hurler who plays for Tipperary Senior Championship club Loughmore-Castleiney and at inter-county level with the Tipperary senior hurling team. He usually lines out as at midfield.

Tipperary Senior Football Championship
The Tipperary Senior Football Championship is an annual Gaelic Athletic Association club competition between the top Gaelic football clubs in Tipperary. The winners of the Tipperary Championship qualify to represent their county in the Munster Senior Club Football Championship, the winners of which advance to the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship.
2019 Zamboanga del Norte local elections
Local elections were held in the province of Zamboanga del Norte of the Philippines, on May 13, 2019 as part of the 2019 general election. Voters selected candidates for all local positions: a municipal and city mayor, vice mayor and councilors, as well as members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, the governor, vice governor and representatives for the three districts of Zamboanga del Norte.

2019 Philippine general election
The 2019 Philippine general election was conducted on May 13, 2019. A midterm election, those elected therein took office on June 30, 2019, midway through the term of President Rodrigo Duterte.

The following positions were contested:

12 seats in the Senate of the Philippines

All seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines

All governors, vice governors and regular members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (Provincial Councils) in the provinces of the Philippines

All mayors, vice mayors and regular members of the Sangguniang Panlungsod (City Councils) or Sangguniang Bayan (Municipal Councils) in the cities or municipalities of the Philippines

Under the Local Government Code and the 1987 constitution, all terms start on June 30, 2019, and end on June 30, 2022, except for elected senators, whose terms shall end on June 30, 2025. The Commission on Elections administered the election.
Sue Ellen Wooldridge
Sue Ellen Wooldridge (born February 15, 1961) is an American attorney and former government official. She was the United States Assistant Attorney General in charge of environment and natural resources, a division of the United States Department of Justice, from 2005 until her resignation in 2007. As such, she was the top environmental prosecutor in the country.

United States Department of Justice Environment and Natural Resources Division
The United States Department of Justice Environment and Natural Resources Division (ENRD) is one of seven litigating components of the U.S. Department of Justice. ENRD's mandate is to enforce civil and criminal environmental laws and programs protecting the health and environment of the United States, and to defend suits challenging those laws and programs.
2010 BWF World Championships – Mixed doubles
The 2010 BWF World Championships was the 18th tournament of the World Badminton Championships. It was held at Stade Pierre de Coubertin in Paris, France, from August 23 to August 29, 2010. Following the results of the mixed doubles.

2010 BWF World Championships
The 2010 BWF World Championships was the 18th tournament of the World Badminton Championships, a global tournament in the sport of badminton. It was held at Stade Pierre de Coubertin in Paris, France, from August 23 to August 29, 2010. Originally the competition is to be held at Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy but it was moved to Stade Pierre de Coubertin due to financial issues.
Culebra Formation
The Culebra Formation (Tcb) is a geologic formation in Panama. It preserves fossils dating back to the Miocene period; Early Miocene epoch, Aquitanian to Burdigalian stages (Late Arikareean to Hemingfordian in the NALMA classification). Fossils of Culebrasuchus have been found in and named after the formation. The thickness of the formation is at least 250 metres (820 ft) thick, and the age has been estimated as from 23 to 19 Ma.

Hemingfordian
The Hemingfordian on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 20,600,000 to 16,300,000 years BP. It is usually considered to overlap the latest Aquitanian and Burdigalian of the Early Miocene. The Hemingfordian is preceded by the Arikareean and followed by the Barstovian NALMA stages.

The Hemingfordian can be further divided into the substages of:

Late/Upper Hemingfordian: Lower boundary source: base of Burdigalian (approximate).

Early/Lower Hemingfordian (shares lower boundary)
Haplogroup A-L1085
Haplogroup A-L1085, also known as haplogroup A0-T is a human Y-DNA haplogroup. It is part of the paternal lineage of almost all humans alive today. The SNP L1085 has played two roles in population genetics: firstly, most Y-DNA haplogroups have diverged from it and; secondly, it defines the undiverged basal clade A-L1085*.

A0-T has two primary branches: A-V148 (also known as haplogroup A0) and haplogroup A-P305 (haplogroup A1).

Haplogroup A (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup A is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup, which includes all living human Y chromosomes. Bearers of extant sub-clades of haplogroup A are almost exclusively found in Africa (or among the African diaspora), in contrast with haplogroup BT, bearers of which participated in the Out of Africa migration of early modern humans. The known branches of haplogroup A are A00, A0, A1a, and A1b1; these branches are only very distantly related, and are not more closely related to each other than they are to haplogroup BT.
Timm Klose
Timm Klose (born 9 May 1988) is a Swiss former professional footballer who played as a centre-back.

Born in Frankfurt to a German father and Swiss mother, he was raised in Switzerland from the age of five. After playing in the youth teams of BSC Old Boys and FC Basel, he moved to FC Thun in 2009, and two years later joined German club 1. FC Nürnberg. He played for VfL Wolfsburg from 2013 until he joined Norwich City in 2016, where he made over 100 appearances. In 2022, Klose signed for EFL Championship side Bristol City. After departing the club, he retired from playing and began coaching Basel's under-21 side.

Klose made his full international debut for Switzerland in 2011 and was capped 17 times. He also played for the Switzerland Olympic team at London 2012.

2008–09 in Swiss football
The following is a summary of the 2009–10 season of competitive football in Switzerland.

Statistics of the Swiss Super League for the 2008–09 football season.

Statistics of the Swiss Challenge League for the 2008–09 football season.

Statistics of the Swiss 1. Liga for the 2008–09 football season.

Statistics of the 2. Liga Interregional for the 2008–09 football season.

Statistics of the Swiss Cup for the 2008–09 football season.
Big Baby Tape
Egor Olegovich Rakitin (Russian: Егор Олегович Раки́тин; born 5 January 2000), better known by his stage name Big Baby Tape, is a Russian rapper, singer and record producer. He is the unofficial leader of the group Benzo Gang. He also performs under the pseudonym DJ Tape ("Ди́джей Тейп") and alter ego Tape LaFlare ("Тейп Лафлэ́р"). He is also a singer signed with the label Warner Music Russia.

VK (service)
VK (short for its original name VKontakte; Russian: ВКонтакте, lit. 'InContact') is a Russian online social media and social networking service based in Saint Petersburg. VK is available in multiple languages but it is predominantly used by Russian speakers. VK users can message each other publicly or privately, edit messages, create groups, public pages, and events; share and tag images, audio, and video; and play browser-based games.

As of August 2018, VK had at least 500 million accounts. As of November 2022, it was the sixth most popular website in Russia. The network was also popular in Ukraine until it was banned by the Supreme Council in 2017.

According to Semrush, in 2024, VK was the 30th most visited website in the world; as YouTube is subject to blocking in Russia, VK Video overtook Google's top position in monthly web traffic for the first time in December 2024, as part of the major substitution to domestic business.
Cigliè
Cigliè (Italian: [tʃiʎˈʎɛ]; Piedmontese: Sijé) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) south of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 185, and an area of 6.0 square kilometres (2.3 sq mi).

Cigliè borders the following municipalities: Bastia Mondovì, Clavesana, Mondovì, Niella Tanaro, and Rocca Cigliè.

Cuneo
Cuneo (Italian: [ˈkuːneo] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Coni [ˈkʊni]; Occitan: Coni [ˈkuni]; French: Coni [kɔni]) is a city and comune in Piedmont, Italy, the capital of the province of Cuneo, the fourth largest of Italy's provinces by area.

It is located at an elevation of 550 metres (1,800 ft) in the south-west of Piedmont, at the confluence of the rivers Stura and Gesso.

Cuneo is bounded by the municipalities of Beinette, Borgo San Dalmazzo, Boves, Busca, Caraglio, Castelletto Stura, Centallo, Cervasca, Morozzo, Peveragno, Tarantasca and Vignolo.

It is located near six mountain passes:

Colle della Maddalena at 1,996 metres (6,549 ft)

Colle di Tenda at 1,871 metres (6,138 ft) – Tunnel of Tenda at 1,300 metres (4,300 ft), 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) long

Colle del Melogno at 1,027 metres (3,369 ft)

Colle San Bernardo at 957 metres (3,140 ft)

Colle di Nava at 934 metres (3,064 ft)

Colle di Cadibona at 459 metres (1,506 ft).
Llaviana, Gozón
Llaviana is one of thirteen parishes (administrative divisions) in the Gozón municipality, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population is 530 (INE 2008).

Gozón
Gozón is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. Its capital is the town of Luanco (also called Lluanco). The Cantabrian Sea lies on its northern edge, and it is bordered to the south by Corvera de Asturias, to the west by Avilés, and to the east by Carreño.

The municipality is a fishing port, and the location of the Cabo de Peñas (Cape of Boulders).
Long Island Rail Road shooting
On December 7, 1993, a mass shooting occurred aboard a Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) train in Garden City Park, New York, United States. As the train arrived at the Merillon Avenue station, passenger Colin Ferguson began firing at other passengers with a semi-automatic pistol. Six of the victims were killed and 19 others were wounded before Ferguson was tackled and held down by other passengers on the train.

Ferguson's trial was noted for some unusual developments, including him dismissing his defense counsel, insisting on representing himself and questioning his victims on the stand. He was convicted in February 1995 on six counts of murder and 19 counts of attempted murder, and sentenced to life imprisonment. He is currently incarcerated at Mid-State Correctional Facility, with an earliest possible release date of August 6, 2309.

Asian people
"Asian people" (sometimes "Asiatic people") is an umbrella term for people who belong to any ethnic, racial, or national group with origins in Asia. It is most often used in contexts concerning the Asian diaspora, which consists of Asian people and their descendants living outside of the continent. The exact definition of the term may vary by country; some classifications of "Asian" may only refer to certain Asian-origin groups, as opposed to the population of the entire continent.
Hung Shing Temple, Tai Kok Tsui
The Hung Shing Temple, Tai Kok Tsui (Chinese: 大角咀洪聖殿) or Hung Shing Temple, Fuk Tsun Street (福全街洪圣庙) is a Hung Shing Temple located at No. 58 Fuk Tsun Street (福全街), in the Tai Kok Tsui area of Hong Kong. It is the only Hung Shing temple in urban Kowloon.

Hung Shing Temple
Hung Shing Temples or Tai Wong Temples are temples dedicated to Hung Shing Tai Wong (Chinese: 洪聖大王). Hung Shing temples have been widely built in southern China, especially Guangdong province and in Hong Kong.