hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dolní Benešov
Dolní Benešov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈdolɲiː ˈbɛnɛʃof]; formerly Benešov u Hlučína; German: Beneschau) is a town in Opava District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 3,900 inhabitants. It is part of the historical Hlučín Region.

Opava
Opava (Czech pronunciation: [ˈopava] ⓘ; German: Troppau, Polish: Opawa) is a city in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 55,000 inhabitants. It lies on the Opava River. Opava is one of the historical centres of Silesia and was a historical capital of Czech Silesia.
Hierochloe
Hierochloe is a genus of plants in the grass family known generally as sweetgrass. These are perennial rhizomatous grasses found primarily in temperate and subarctic regions of Eurasia and North America, although some species extend southwards into Australia and Latin America.

These erect green grasses are known for their sweet scent. They bear panicle inflorescences with rounded grass grain fruits.

Some authors advocate merging the two genera Hierochloe and Anthoxanthum, though others disagree.

Species

formerly included

numerous species now regarded as better suited to other genera: Anthoxanthum Centotheca Holcus

Centotheca
Centotheca is a genus of African, Asian, and Pacific Island plants in the grass family.

Species

Centotheca lappacea (L.) Desv. - tropical western + central Africa; Madagascar, China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, numerous islands of the Pacific aka หญ้า ฮี ยุ่ม hee yum grass in Thai

Centotheca philippinensis (Merr.) C.Monod - Philippines, New Guinea

Centotheca uniflora Swallen - Vietnam

formerly included

Centotheca madagascariensis - Megastachya madagascariensis

Centotheca malabarica - Diplachne fusca

Centotheca maxima - Megastachya mucronata

Centotheca mucronata - Megastachya mucronata

Centotheca owariensis - Megastachya mucronata

Centotheca urekana - Megastachya mucronata
Vishakha
Vishākhā (विशाखा), meaning "forked, having many branches", is the 16th nakshatra in Indian astronomy. It corresponds to the stars α, β, γ and ι Librae in the constellation Libra. In Hindu mythology, Vishākhā is a daughter of the king Daksha. She is one of the twenty-seven daughters of Daksha, who married the moon-god Chandra. Vishākhā is the sixteenth nakshatra of the zodiac, ruled by the planet Jupiter, Brihaspati or Guru. It is also supposed to be the birth star of the goddess Sita.

Iota Librae
The Bayer designation Iota Librae (ι Lib / ι Librae) is shared by two star systems, in the constellation Libra:

ι1 Librae (24 Librae), also known simply as ι Librae (iota Librae)

ι2 Librae (25 Librae)

The pair have an angular separation of just 17′. They can be viewed as a double star with a pair of binoculars or a small telescope.
Away with the learning of clerks, away with it!
"Away with the learning of clerks, away with it!" was a rallying cry of rebellious townspeople in Cambridge during the Peasants' Revolt of 1381. The rebels sacked university and official buildings and burnt legal documents and charters. The call is usually ascribed to Margery (sometimes Margaret) Starre.

Charter
A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.
Breithorn (Grengiols)
The Breithorn (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈbraɪthɔrn]) is a mountain of the Swiss Lepontine Alps in the Valais. It is part of the municipality Grengiols and overlooks the lower Goms on the north side and the Saflischtal on the south side, east of the Bättlihorn.

Lepontine Alps
The Lepontine Alps (German: Lepontinische Alpen, French: Alpes lépontines, Italian: Alpi Lepontine) are a mountain range in the north-western part of the Alps. They are located in Switzerland (Valais, Ticino, Uri and Graubünden) and Italy (Piedmont and Lombardy).

The Simplon rail tunnel (from Brig to Domodossola), the Gotthard rail (from Erstfeld to Bodio) and Gotthard road tunnels (from Andermatt to Airolo) and the San Bernardino road tunnel are important transport arteries.

The eastern portion of the Lepontine Alps, from the St Gotthard Pass to the Splügen Pass, is named the Adula Alps, while the western part is historically referred to as the Ticino Alps.
Sogn
Sogn is a traditional district in Western Norway (Norwegian: Vestlandet). It is located in the county of Vestland, surrounding the Sognefjord, the largest/longest fjord in Norway. The district of Sogn consists of the municipalities of Aurland, Hyllestad, Høyanger, Gulen, Luster, Lærdal, Sogndal, Solund, Vik, and Årdal.

The district covers 10,675 square kilometres (4,122 sq mi). The largest urban area in Sogn is the village of Sogndalsfjøra (in Sogndal Municipality), with 4,475 residents. The second largest urban area is the village Øvre Årdal (in Årdal Municipality), with 3,094 people (this village used to be the largest, but recently it was passed by Sogndalsfjøra).

The district of Sogn comprises the southern part of the former county Sogn og Fjordane. The districts of Sunnfjord and Nordfjord are the other two districts in the county.

Høyanger (village)
Høyanger is the administrative centre of Høyanger Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The industrial village is located in a steep, narrow valley at the head of the Høyangsfjorden, a branch that flows north off the main Sognefjorden. The isolated village is connected to the rest of the country by the Norwegian County Road 55 which enters the village through tunnels which go through the steep mountains on the east and the west sides of the village. The main church for the village is Høyanger Church, which was built in 1960.

The 1.32-square-kilometre (330-acre) village has a population (2024) of 1,903 and a population density of 1,442 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,730/sq mi).
Guadalupe spiny softshell turtle
The Guadalupe spiny softshell turtle (Apalone spinifera guadalupensis) is a subspecies of soft-shelled turtle native to the United States, in the state of Texas. Their range is limited only to the Nueces and Guadalupe rivers, and their immediate tributaries.

Nueces River
The Nueces River (/njuˈeɪsɪs/ new-AY-siss; Spanish: Río Nueces, IPA: [ˈri.o ˈnweses]) is a river in the U.S. state of Texas, about 315 miles (507 km) long. It drains a region in central and southern Texas southeastward into the Gulf of Mexico. It is the southernmost major river in Texas northeast of the Rio Grande.  Nueces is Spanish for nuts, specifically pecans; early settlers named the river after the numerous pecan trees along its banks.
2009 Taça de Portugal final
The 2009 Taça de Portugal final was the final match of the 2008–09 Taça de Portugal, the 69th season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier Portuguese football cup competition organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The match was played on 31 May 2009 at the Estádio Nacional in Oeiras, and opposed two Primeira Liga sides: Paços de Ferreira and Porto. Porto defeated Paços de Ferreira 1–0 thanks to a sixth-minute goal from Argentine forward Lisandro López, which would give Porto their 14th Taça de Portugal.

In Portugal, the final was televised live in HD on TVI and Sport TV. As Porto claimed both league and cup double in the same season, cup runners-up Paços de Ferreira faced their cup final opponents in the 2009 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira at the Estádio Municipal de Aveiro.

Estádio Nacional
The Estádio Nacional (English: National Stadium), also known as Centro Desportivo Nacional do Jamor (English: Jamor National Sports Centre), is a football stadium. It is located in the civil parish of Algés, Linda-a-Velha e Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, in the municipality of Oeiras, in the southwestern part of Lisbon District.

The Portugal national team played 46 matches at the stadium from 1945 to 1987, then played additional friendlies in 1999, 2003, 2014 and 2024. The venue was used by B-SAD from 2018 to 2022 and by Casa Pia A.C. in 2022–23, both as a temporary home ground in the Primeira Liga.

The stadium hosted the first ever UEFA club game on 4 September 1955 between Primeira Divisão's third-placed team, Sporting CP, and the Yugoslav champions, Serbian side Partizan Belgrade. It ended as a 3–3 draw and was the first game to be played of the first edition of the European Cup.
1986–87 Big East Conference men's basketball season
The 1986–87 Big East Conference men's basketball season was the eighth in conference history, and involved its nine full-time member schools.

Georgetown, Pittsburgh, and Syracuse were the regular-season co-champions with identical records of (12–4). Georgetown won the Big East tournament championship. In the NCAA Tournament, Providence and Syracuse both reached the Final Four, and Syracuse was the national runner-up.

Final four
In  sports, the final four is the last four teams remaining in a playoff tournament. Usually the final four compete in the two games of a single-elimination tournament's semi-final (penultimate) round. Of these teams, the two who win in the semi-final round play another single-elimination game whose winner is the tournament champion. In some tournaments, the two teams that lose in the semi-final round compete for third place in a consolation game.
2,2'-Dipyrromethene
2,2'-Dipyrromethene, often called just dipyrromethene or dipyrrin, is a chemical compound with formula C9H8N2 whose skeleton can be described as two pyrrole rings C4N connected by a methyne bridge =CH– through their nitrogen-adjacent (position-2) carbons; the remaining bonds being satisfied by hydrogen atoms. It is an unstable compound that is readily attacked by nucleophilic compounds above −40 °C.

2,2'-Dipyrromethene and its more stable and easily prepared derivatives—formally obtained by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms by other functional groups—are important precursors for the family of BODIPY fluorescent dies.  The derivatives include salts of the dipyrrinato anion C9H7N–2 and of the cation C9H9N+2.

Pyrrole
Pyrrole is a heterocyclic, aromatic, organic compound, a five-membered ring with the formula C4H4NH. It is a colorless volatile liquid that darkens readily upon exposure to air. Substituted derivatives are also called pyrroles, e.g., N-methylpyrrole, C4H4NCH3. Porphobilinogen, a trisubstituted pyrrole, is the biosynthetic precursor to many natural products such as heme.

Pyrroles are components of more complex macrocycles, including the porphyrinogens and products derived therefrom, including porphyrins of heme, the chlorins, bacteriochlorins, and chlorophylls.
Vladimir Konkin
Vladimir Alekseyevich Konkin (Russian: Влади́мир Алексе́евич Ко́нкин, born 19 August 1951, Saratov, USSR) is a Soviet/Russian cinema and theatre actor, who appeared in 45 films. He is best known for his roles in How the Steel Was Tempered (1975, Pavel Korchagin) and The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed (1979, Vladimir Sharapov). Vladimir Konkin, a Meritorious Artist of Russia (2010), is also a published author of short stories and essays.

Merited Artist of the Russian Federation
Merited Artist of the Russian Federation (Russian: Заслуженный артист Российской Федерации, Zasluzhenny artist Rossiyskoy Federatsii), also known as Honored Artist of Russia, is an honorary title in the Russian Federation. The title is awarded to actors, directors, filmmakers, writers, dancers, and singers for exceptional achievements in the arts.

The honorary title was originally modeled after the German honorific title for distinguished opera singers. Historically, the title was bestowed by princes or kings, when it was styled Hofkammersänger(in). In Imperial Russia before 1917, several stars of stage and film were honored with the title "Imperial singer", but after the October Revolution of 1917, the new regime made changes and established the title of the Merited Artist of Russia (Russian SFSR and Soviet Union).

After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, Russian president Boris Yeltsin created a new award, first presented on 30 December 1995.
Global Resource Serialization
Global Resource Serialization (GRS) is the component within the IBM z/OS operating system responsible for enabling fair access to serially reusable computing resources, such as datasets and tape drives or virtual resources, such as lists, queues, and control blocks.  Programs can request exclusive access to a resource (which means that program and all subsequent requesting programs are blocked until that program is given access to the resource), usually requested when a program needs to update the resource or shared access (which means that multiple programs can be given access to the resource), usually requested when a program only needs to query the state of the resource.  GRS manages all requests in FIFO (first in/first out) order.

Z/OS
z/OS is a 64-bit operating system for IBM z/Architecture mainframes, introduced by IBM in October 2000. It derives from and is the successor to OS/390, which in turn was preceded by a string of MVS versions. Like OS/390, z/OS combines a number of formerly separate, related products, some of which are still optional. z/OS has the attributes of modern operating systems but also retains much of the older functionality that originated in the 1960s and is still in regular use—z/OS is designed for backward compatibility.
1989 European Weightlifting Championships
The 1989 European Weightlifting Championships were held in Athens, Greece from September 16 to September 23, 1989. This was the 68th edition of the event. There were 136 men in action from 23 nations. This tournament was a part of 1989 World Weightlifting Championships. The women competition were held in Manchester, United Kingdom. It was the 2nd event for the women.

European Weightlifting Championships
European Weightlifting Championships is an annual event organised by the European Weightlifting Federation (EWF). It has been held since 1896. A separate event for women was held from 1988 to 1997, after which both championships have been held as one event.
Imants Kalniņš
Imants Kalniņš (born 26 May 1941) is a Latvian composer, musician and politician. Having studied classical and choral music, he has written seven symphonies, several operas (including the first rock opera in the USSR, Ei, jūs tur!), oratorios, cantatas, choir songs, a lot of movie and theater music. However, he is generally best known for his rock songs. In 2021, Kalniņš received the Grand Music Award for lifetime achievement.

Furthermore, he served as a member of the 5th, 7th, 8th, and 9th sitting of the Saeima, the parliament of Latvia, from 1993 to 1995 and again from 1998 through 2010, representing the For Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK party.

Deputies of the 9th Saeima
The Deputies of the 9th Saeima are the 100 deputies or members of the parliament of Latvia, the Saeima. Ninety-nine of those elected to 9th Saeima began their term on 7 November 2006, and ended their term on 2 November 2010. However in total including deputies with mandates and others, the 9th Saeima had 116 working members.
Zahid Hasan Ameli
Zahid Hasan Ameli (Bengali: জাহিদ হাসান এমিলি; born 25 December 1987) is a retired Bangladeshi footballer who played as a striker for the Bangladesh national team from 2005 to 2014. He is the current second highest goalscorer Bangladesh in international football and also has the third highest caps.

Federation Cup (Bangladesh)
The Federation Cup, also known as the Bangladesh Federation Cup, is Bangladesh's premier cup competition in men's association football. The competition started in 1980 and is run by the Bangladesh Football Federation which is responsible for all types of competitive matches in the country. The teams from the country's premier league and other permitted clubs compete in the tournament while occasionally Indian sides were invited in the past. Usually games are played in the neutral venues.
Drasteria walshi
Drasteria walshi is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is endemic to the Pinaleño Mountains and Chiricahua Mountains in southern Arizona. The length of the forewings is 19–23 mm. Adults are on wing from May to June.

Chiricahua Mountains
The Chiricahua Mountains are a mountain range in southeastern Arizona and part of the Basin and Range province of the western and southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. The range lies primarily within the Coronado National Forest. Chiricahua Peak, the highest point in the range, rises 9,759 feet (2,975 m) above sea level, about 6,000 feet (1,800 m) above the surrounding valleys. The mountains are named for the Chiricahua Apache, who historically lived in the region.
Dedekind–MacNeille completion
In mathematics, specifically order theory, the Dedekind–MacNeille completion of a partially ordered set is the smallest complete lattice that contains it. It is named after Holbrook Mann MacNeille whose 1937 paper first defined and constructed it, and after Richard Dedekind because its construction generalizes the Dedekind cuts used by Dedekind to construct the real numbers from the rational numbers. It is also called the completion by cuts or normal completion.

Distributive lattice
In mathematics,  a distributive lattice is a lattice in which the operations of join and meet distribute over each other. The prototypical examples of such structures are collections of sets for which the lattice operations can be given by set union and intersection. Indeed, these lattices of sets describe the scenery completely: every distributive lattice is—up to isomorphism—given as such a lattice of sets.
Giuseppe Antonio Petrini
Giuseppe Antonio Petrini (23 October 1677 - c. 1755–9) was a painter of the late-Baroque, active mainly in Lugano, present-day Switzerland.

While born in Carona in Canton Ticino and died in Lugano, both in Switzerland, Petrini belongs to the Northern Italian or Lombard heritage of baroque painting. He possibly apprenticed with Bartolomeo Guidobono after 1700. While some works can be found in Como and Bergamo, most are located in Lugano and the surrounding area. He is also listed between 1711 and 1753 as fabbriciere of the church of Madonna d’Onegro in Carona. He often painted "portraits" of historical figures including saints, philosophers, and scientists for patrons. One of his more prominent examples is his depiction of an auster St. Peter emerging from the shadows to pinpoint some lines in the gospel. He painted another St. Peter for the parish church of Dubino. Pietro Ligari classified him among the speculative painters, since these portraits, by nature, were imagined.

Giovanni Pietro Ligario
Giovanni Pietro Ligario (1686–1748) was an Italian painter and architect of the late-Baroque.

He was born at Ardenno province of Sondrio in the Valtelline valley, and after early training there, moved to Rome, where he frequented the studio of  Lazzaro Baldi, and afterwards visited Venice. On his return to his native town in 1727, he was employed in painting historical pictures for churches and private collections. He died at Sondrio. He has left a  ‘‘St. Benedict’’ in the church of the convent at Sondrio, and a ‘‘Descent of the Holy Spirit’‘ in the church of San Giovanni Battista, Morbegno.

His children, Angelo, Cesare, and Vittoria were also painters.
Random Fibonacci sequence
In mathematics, the random Fibonacci sequence is a stochastic analogue of the Fibonacci sequence defined by the recurrence relation , where the signs + or − are chosen at random with equal probability , independently for different . By a theorem of Harry Kesten and Hillel Furstenberg, random recurrent sequences of this kind grow at a certain exponential rate, but it is difficult to compute the rate explicitly. In 1999, Divakar Viswanath showed that the growth rate of the random Fibonacci sequence is equal to 1.1319882487943... (sequence A078416 in the OEIS), a mathematical constant that was later named Viswanath's constant.

Stochastic
Stochastic (/stəˈkæstɪk/; from Ancient Greek  στόχος (stókhos) 'aim, guess') is the property of being well-described by a random probability distribution. Stochasticity and randomness are technically distinct concepts. Stochasticity refers to a modeling approach, while randomness describes phenomena. These terms are often used interchangeably. In probability theory, the formal concept of a stochastic process is also referred to as a random process.

Stochasticity is used in many different fields, including actuarial science, image processing, signal processing, computer science, information theory, telecommunications, chemistry, ecology, neuroscience, physics, and cryptography. It is also used in finance, medicine, linguistics,  music, media, colour theory,  botany, manufacturing and geomorphology.
Stsviha
The Stsviha (Belarusian: Сцвіга) or Stvyha (Ukrainian: Ствига) is a river of Ukraine and Belarus. It is a tributary of the Pripyat River in the Dnieper basin. A notable marsh wetland known as the Polesia, home to about 265 different species of bird, lies between the Pripyat, Stsviha and Ubort Rivers.

Ubort
The Ubort (Ukrainian: Уборть; Belarusian: Убарць, Ubarć) is a river in Zhytomyr Oblast (Ukraine) and Gomel Region (Belarus), a right tributary to the Pripyat in the Dnieper river basin. It is 292 kilometres (181 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 5,820 square kilometres (2,250 sq mi).

The Ubort is fed mostly by melting snow (~70%) and peaks during the spring run-off, usually mid-March to early May, and maintains an even, albeit lower, flow during the summer months. It can freeze as early as mid-November or as late as January, and the ice breaks up as early as mid-February or as late as mid-April.
7th New York State Legislature
The 7th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 21 to May 12, 1784, during the seventh year of George Clinton's governorship, at New York City.

Cumberland County, New York
Cumberland County, New York, was a county in the Province of New York that became part of the Vermont Republic. It was divided out of  Albany County in 1766, and abandoned by the new State of New York in 1777 (defacto ceded to the Vermont Republic).

It became part of  Cumberland County, Vermont Republic,  on 17 March 1778, established by combining lands from Cumberland County, Province of New York, and  Gloucester County, Province of New York, previously ceded to the Republic.