hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Greater Iqbal Park
Greater Iqbal Park (Punjabi/Urdu: گریٹر اقبال پارک), formerly Iqbal Park and Minto Park, is an urban park located on the outskirts of the Walled City in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

Noted as the home of Minar-e-Pakistan, the 329-acre park includes an artificial lake which spreads over four acres which includes an 800-feet-long musical fountain. Other attractions includes a two-kilometre-long soft rail, a library, an open-air gym and a food court. The tombs of Iqbal and Hafeez Jalandhari are also located in the park.

Badshahi Mosque
The Badshahi Mosque (Punjabi: شاہی مسیت, romanised: śāhī masīt; Urdu: بادشاہی مسجد, romanised: bādśāhī masjid) is a Mughal-era imperial mosque located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. It was constructed between 1671 and 1673 by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, opposite to the Lahore Fort in the northern outskirts of the historic Walled City. It is widely considered to be one of the most iconic landmarks of Pakistan.

The mosque is an important example of the Mughal architecture, with an exterior that is decorated with carved red sandstone with marble inlay. It was the largest mosque built during the Mughal era, and is currently the second largest mosque in Pakistan.
Rural Municipality of Willowdale No. 153
The Rural Municipality of Willowdale No. 153 (2016 population: 299) is a rural municipality (RM) in the southeast portion of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 5 and SARM Division No. 1.

Whitewood, Saskatchewan
Whitewood is a town in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is approximately 175 kilometres (109 mi) east of Regina on  Highway 1, the Trans-Canada Highway. It is situated at the crossroads of two major highways systems — the Trans-Canada, which runs east and west, and Highway 9, which runs north and south from the US border to Hudson Bay, Saskatchewan. It is located midway between Brandon, Manitoba and Regina.

It is administrative headquarters of the First Nations band governments of the Ochapowace and the Chachacas Cree.
2005 Boys' Youth European Volleyball Championship
The 2005 Boys' Youth European Volleyball Championship was the 6th edition of the Boys' Youth European Volleyball Championship, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the CEV. It was held in Riga, Latvia from March 29 to April 3, 2005.

Poland won their 1st title in the tournament by defeating France. Jakub Jarosz was elected the Most Valuable Player.

CEV U18 Volleyball European Championship
The Boys' Youth European Volleyball Championship is a volleyball competition for men's national teams with players under the age of 18 years, currently held biannually and organized by the European Volleyball Confederation, the volleyball federation for Europe. Originally the age limit was 19; as of the 2018 edition, the competition age limit was changed from 19 to 18 and the name to U18 European Championship.
2017 Internazionali Femminili di Brescia
The 2017 Internazionali Femminili di Brescia was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the tenth edition of the tournament and part of the 2017 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $60,000 in prize money. It took place in Brescia, Italy, from 5–11 June 2017.

2017 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2017 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's Circuit is a second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $100,000.
United States v. Hooe
United States v. Hooe, 5 U.S. (Cranch 1) 318 (1803), is a case of the Supreme Court of the United States. It was a case that hinged mainly on procedural issues relating to the documents that must accompany an appeal from courts within the District of Columbia.

Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States
The reporter of decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States is the official charged with editing and publishing the opinions of the Supreme Court of the United States, both when announced and when they are published in permanent bound volumes of the United States Reports. The reporter is responsible for only the contents of the United States Reports issued by the Government Publishing Office, first in preliminary prints and later in the final bound volumes. The reporter is not responsible for the editorial content of unofficial reports of the court's decisions, such as the privately published Supreme Court Reporter and Lawyers' Edition.

By federal statute, the reporter is appointed by the Supreme Court. The current reporter is Rebecca Anne Womeldorf.
Ellen Gallagher
Ellen Gallagher (born December 16, 1965) is an American artist. Her work has been shown in numerous solo and group exhibitions and is held in the permanent collections of many major museums. Her media include painting, works on paper, film and video. Some of her pieces refer to issues of race, and may combine formality with racial stereotypes and depict "ordering principles" society imposes.

Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture
The Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture is an artists residency located in Madison, Maine, United States. Every year, the program accepts online applications from emerging artists from November through January, and selects 65 to participate in the nine-week intensive summer program. Admissions decisions are announced in April. The school provides participants with housing, food, and studio space, and the campus offers a library, media lab, and sculpture shop, among other amenities. The tuition for the program is $6,000, however, aid is available.

While on campus, the participants interact with five or six resident faculty artists for the duration of the program, as well as five to seven visiting faculty artists, both of whom are selected by Skowhegan’s Board of Governors. Participants are not allowed to bring family or friends with them to Skowhegan, nor are visitors allowed on campus. Lectures by faculty artists, which are generally held on Fridays, are open to the public.
Myrocarpus
Myrocarpus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It includes five species of trees native to tropical South America, ranging from Venezuela to northern Argentina. Typical habitats include wet to seasonally-dry tropical lowland forest and woodland.

It contains the following species:

Myrocarpus emarginatus A.L.B.Sartori & A.M.G.Azevedo

Myrocarpus fastigiatus Allemão

Myrocarpus frondosus Allemão

Myrocarpus leprosus Pickel

Myrocarpus venezuelensis Rudd

Members of this genus produce hydroxypipecolic acids in their leaves.

Myrocarpus frondosus
Myrocarpus frondosus, the ibirá-payé, incienso, cabreúva or qu, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Nedosiran
Nedosiran, sold under the brand name Rivfloza, is a medication used for the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria. It is an LDHA-directed small interfering RNA developed by Dicerna Pharmaceuticals.

The most common side effects include injection site reactions.

Nedosiran was approved for medical use in the United States in September 2023. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

Small interfering RNA
Small interfering RNA (siRNA), sometimes known as short interfering RNA or silencing RNA, is a class of double-stranded non-coding RNA molecules, typically 20–24 base pairs in length, similar to microRNA (miRNA), and operating within the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. It interferes with the expression of specific genes with complementary nucleotide sequences by degrading messenger RNA (mRNA) after transcription, preventing translation. It was discovered in 1998 by Andrew Fire at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, D.C. and Craig Mello at the University of Massachusetts in Worcester.
Thyroid's secretory capacity
Thyroid's secretory capacity (GT, also referred to as thyroid's incretory capacity, maximum thyroid hormone output, T4 output or, if calculated from serum levels of thyrotropin and thyroxine, as SPINA-GT) is the maximum stimulated amount of thyroxine that the thyroid can produce in a given time-unit (e.g. one second).

GT is both a theoretical concept that is used in physiological theories of thyroid function and (as a calculated parameter) a biomarker for advanced diagnosis of thyroid disorders.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body. It is a glycoprotein hormone produced by thyrotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland, which regulates the endocrine function of the thyroid.
Rule-based machine translation
Rule-based machine translation (RBMT) is a classical approach of machine translation systems based on linguistic information about source and target languages. Such information is retrieved from (unilingual, bilingual or multilingual) dictionaries and grammars covering the main semantic, morphological, and syntactic regularities of each language. Having input sentences, an RBMT system generates output sentences on the basis of analysis of both the source and the target languages involved. RBMT has been progressively superseded by more efficient methods, particularly neural machine translation.

Neural machine translation
Neural machine translation (NMT) is an approach to machine translation that uses an artificial neural network to predict the likelihood of a sequence of words, typically modeling entire sentences in a single integrated model.

It is the dominant approach today: 293 : 1  and can produce translations that rival human translations when translating between high-resource languages under specific conditions. However, there still remain challenges, especially with languages that have less high-quality data available,: 293  and with domain shift between the data a system was trained on and the texts it is supposed to translate.: 293  NMT systems also tend to produce fairly literal translations.
Glaser coupling
The Glaser coupling is a type of coupling reaction. It is by far one of the oldest coupling reactions and is based on copper compounds like copper(I) chloride or copper(I) bromide and an additional oxidant like air. The base used in the original research paper is ammonia and the solvent is water or an alcohol.
The reaction was first reported by Carl Andreas Glaser in 1869.  He suggested the following process on his way to diphenylbutadiyne:

CuCl + PhC2H + NH3 → PhC2Cu + NH4Cl

4 PhC2Cu + O2 → 2PhC2C2Ph + 2Cu2O

Coupling reaction
In organic chemistry, a coupling reaction is a type of reaction in which two reactant molecules are bonded together. Such reactions often require the aid of a metal catalyst. In one important reaction type, a main group organometallic compound of the type R-M (where R = organic group, M = main group centre metal atom) reacts with an organic halide of the type R'-X with formation of a new carbon–carbon bond in the product R-R'. The most common type of coupling reaction is the cross coupling reaction.

Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, and Akira Suzuki were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions.

Broadly speaking, two types of coupling reactions are recognized:

Homocouplings joining two identical partners. The product is symmetrical R−R

Heterocouplings joining two different partners. These reactions are also called cross-coupling reactions. The product is unsymmetrical, R−R'.
1994 Volvo PGA Championship
The 1994 Volvo PGA Championship was the 40th edition of the Volvo PGA Championship, an annual professional golf tournament on the European Tour. It was held 27–30 May at the West Course of Wentworth Club in Virginia Water, Surrey, England, a suburb southwest of London.

José María Olazábal won his first Volvo PGA Championship with a one stroke victory over Ernie Els.

1994 European Tour
The 1994 European Tour, titled as the 1994 Volvo Tour for sponsorship reasons, was the 23rd season of the European Tour, the main professional golf tour in Europe since its inaugural season in 1972.

It was the seventh season of the tour under a title sponsorship agreement with Volvo, that was announced in May 1987.
Burning Palms, New South Wales
Burning Palms is an unbounded neighbourhood within the locality of Lilyvale and a beach in the Royal National Park, Wollongong, south of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

It is accessed via a very steep, moderately difficult walk down (and up) the mountain through forest and grass plains. It is located in the area known as the Garawarra.

Together with Little Garie and Era, the neighbourhood was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 27 April 2012 as part of the Royal National Park Coastal Cabin Communities.

Lilyvale, New South Wales
Lilyvale is a locality in New South Wales on the northern periphery of the Wollongong local government area, south of Sydney. Most of the locality is now in the Royal National Park and Garawarra State Conservation Area. The former Lilyvale village centre, which at one stage had a population of about 200 people, was at Lilyvale railway station (1890 to 1989) on the South Coast railway between Helensburgh and Otford.
Khayan
Khayan (Persian: خايان) is a village in, and the capital of, Shirvan-e Sharqi Rural District of Shirvan District, Borujerd County, Lorestan province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Sharkat Zarayi Shirvan Chafa.

Shirvan District (Borujerd County)
Shirvan District (Persian: بخش شیروان) is in Borujerd County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Shirvan, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 1,051 people in 326 households.
Rubus rolfei
Rubus rolfei, known as creeping raspberry, crinkle-leaf creeper, or Taiwanese creeping bramble, is a low-growing member of the genus Rubus and is related to the blackberry and raspberry. It is common in the horticultural trade. The species is originally from Taiwan where it grows at high elevations.

Blackberry
The blackberry is an edible fruit produced by many species in the genus Rubus in the family Rosaceae, hybrids among these species within the subgenus Rubus, and hybrids between the subgenera Rubus and Idaeobatus. The taxonomy of blackberries has historically been confused because of hybridization and apomixis so that species have often been grouped together and called species aggregates.

Blackberry fruit production is abundant with annual volumes of 20,000 pounds (9,100 kg) per 1 acre (0.40 ha) possible, making this plant commercially attractive.

Rubus armeniacus (Himalayan or Armenian blackberry) is considered a noxious weed and invasive species in many regions of the Pacific Northwest of Canada and the United States, where it grows out of control in urban and suburban parks and woodlands.
AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Buddy Picture
The AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Buddy Picture is one of the AARP Movies for Grownups Awards presented annually by the AARP. The award honors the best film from a given year that is about friendship between people over the age of 50. The award for Best Buddy Picture was first given at the 7th AARP Movies for Grownups Awards. Other new awards that year were Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress.

No award for Best Buddy Picture was given for movies premiering in 2011, 2017, or 2018. In 2020, AARP listed five nominees for Best Buddy Picture from 2019, but did not award any of them.

AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Supporting Actress
The AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Supporting Actress is one of the AARP Movies for Grownups Awards presented annually by the AARP. The award honors an actress over the age of 50 who has given an outstanding supporting performance in a film in a given year. The awards for Supporting Actress and Supporting Actor were first given at the 7th AARP Movies for Grownups Awards in 2008. Prior to that, the only individual acting awards were for Best Actor and Best Actress.
Michael Maze
Michael Maze (born 1 September 1981) is a professional table tennis player from Faxe, Denmark, in men's singles and doubles. In 2005 he was one of the top five left-handed players in the world. His strength was in his strong forehand loop and lobbing. He was one of the best defensive lobbers in the world. His strong forehand loop, his forehand pendulum serve, and his confident defensive play away from the table made him a solid all-around player. He competed at four Olympic Games.

European Table Tennis Championships
The European Table Tennis Championships is an international table tennis competition for the national teams of the member associations of the European Table Tennis Union (ETTU). First held in 1958, the ETTU organised the European Championships every two years in even-numbered years until 2002, when they changed to odd-numbered years. Since 2007, the competition has been contested annually.
2022 Tartus migrant shipwreck
On 22 September, 2022, a ship carrying migrants escaping Lebanon sank off the coast of Tartus, Syria. The victims, intending to escape the Lebanese liquidity crisis, are estimated to number around 150 people, hailing from Syria, Lebanon, and Palestine. It is possibly one of the deadliest shipwrecks in the eastern Mediterranean in recent years.

Tartus
Tartus (Arabic: طَرْطُوس / ALA-LC: Ṭarṭūs; officially known as Tartous and also historically known in the County of Tripoli as Tortosa) is a major port city on the Mediterranean coast of Syria. It is the second largest port city in Syria (after Latakia), and the largest city in Tartus Governorate. Tartus was under the governance of Latakia Governorate until the 1970s, when it became a separate governorate. The population is 458,327 (2023 estimate). In the summer it is a vacation spot for many Syrians.
James Marcia
James E. Marcia (born February 10, 1937) is a clinical and developmental psychologist. He taught at Simon Fraser University in British Columbia, Canada and the State University of New York at Buffalo in Upstate New York.

He is also active in clinical private practice, clinical psychology supervision, community consultation, and international clinical-developmental research and teaching.

Erik Erikson
Erik Homburger Erikson (born Erik Salomonsen; 15 June 1902 – 12 May 1994) was a German-American child psychoanalyst and visual artist known for his theory on psychosocial development of human beings. He coined the phrase identity crisis.

Despite lacking a university degree, Erikson served as a professor at prominent institutions, including Harvard, University of California, Berkeley, and Yale. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Erikson as the 12th most eminent psychologist of the 20th century.
Farm Cove Intermediate
Farm Cove Intermediate School is an intermediate school located in Pakuranga, Auckland. It opened in 1979. In October 2025 it had a roll of 498 students.

The current principal is Dr Tamara Jones. The previous principals were Linda Harvie and Madeleine East. Madeleine East served for 17 years and was named an associate member of the New Zealand Principals’ Federation in May 2007 and a member of the New Zealand Order of Merit on 1 June 2009.

The school has been awarded the MultiServe/Telecom Information Award and twice won the Goodman Fielder School of the Year Award in the large Primary/Intermediate category.

Pakuranga
Pakuranga is an eastern suburb of Auckland, in northern New Zealand. Pakuranga covers a series of low ridges and previously swampy flats, now drained, that lie between the Pakuranga Creek and Tamaki River, two estuarial arms of the Hauraki Gulf. It is located to the north of Manukau and 15 kilometres southeast of the Auckland CBD.
Brazil at the United Cup
Brazil has appeared at the United Cup from the 1st staging of the event that was held from December 2022 into January 2023. Brazil has appeared in every United Cup edition, except from the one in the  2026 season. It never passed through the group stage.

2026 United Cup
The 2026 United Cup was the fourth edition of the United Cup, an international outdoor hard court mixed-gender team tennis tournament that was held by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). Serving as the opener for the  2026 ATP Tour and the 2026 WTA Tour, it happened from 2 to 11 January 2026 at two venues in the Australian cities of Perth and Sydney. It was offering both ATP rankings and WTA rankings points to its players: a player was able to win a maximum of 500 points.

Team Poland won the title after beating team Switzerland in the final. It was their third United Cup final and first title.

Team United States were the defending champions but were defeated in the semifinal by team Poland.

Belinda Bencic of Team Switzerland was named the MVP of the tournament.
Ameer Abul Ula
Sayyid Ameer Abul Ula (1583 – 1651 CE) was an Indian Sufi shaykh of the Naqshbandi order and the eponymous founder of the Naqshbandi Abul Ulai lineage, one of the largest Naqshbandi branches in the Indian subcontinent. He is regarded as a descendant of the Ahl al-Bayt and is widely known in Sufi literature for his spiritual connection with the Chishtiyya through the saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti. His synthesis of Naqshbandi and Chishti influences led to his silsila being described as Majmaʿ al-Baḥrayn (“the Meeting of the Two Seas”).

Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri
Sharfuddin Ahmed Yahya Maneri, popularly known as Makhdoom-ul-Mulk Bihari and Makhdoom-e-Jahan (1263–1381), was a 13th-century Sufi mystic and saint active in medieval Bihar.

He was a maternal grandson of Pir Jagjot(Sayyid Shihab Ad-Din Suhrawardi) who was the first Suhrawardi saint to come into India as well as the direct student of the famous Shihab Ad-Din Abu Hafs 'Umar Suhrawardi and of Najm Ad-Din Kubra, the founder of the Kubrawiyya Order.
Johnstons Creek (New South Wales)
Johnstons Creek, formerly Johnston's Creek, is an urban gully, located in Sydney, Australia and situated in the  Inner West and Sydney local government areas. The creek flows from Petersham, past Annandale, Camperdown, Forest Lodge and Harold Park, before spilling into Rozelle Bay, within Sydney Harbour.

Camperdown, New South Wales
Camperdown is an inner western suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Camperdown is located 4 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district and is part of the Inner West region. Camperdown lies across the local government areas of the City of Sydney and Inner West Council.

Camperdown is a heavily populated suburb and is home to the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, the University of Sydney and the historic Camperdown Cemetery.  It was also once home to the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, which was relocated to be next to Westmead Hospital in Sydney's west.  The hospital buildings and grounds have been redeveloped into apartment complexes.