hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Two-way analysis of variance
In statistics, the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to study how two categorical independent variables affect one continuous dependent variable. It extends the One-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) by allowing both factors to be analyzed at the same time. A two-way ANOVA evaluates the main effect of each independent variable and if there is any interaction between them.

Researchers use this test to see if two factors act independent or combined to influence a Dependent variable. It is used in the fields of Psychology, Agriculture, Education, and Biomedical research. For example, it can be used to study how fertilizer type and water level together affect plant growth. The analysis produces F-statistics that indicate whether observed differences between groups are statistically significant.

SAS (software)
SAS (previously Statistical Analysis System) is data and artificial intelligence software developed by SAS Institute for  data management, advanced analytics, multivariate analysis, business intelligence, and predictive analytics.

SAS was developed at North Carolina State University from 1966 until 1976, when SAS Institute was incorporated. SAS was further developed in the 1980s and 1990s with the addition of new statistical procedures, additional components and the introduction of JMP. A point-and-click interface was added in version 9 in 2004. A social media analytics product was added in 2010. SAS Viya, a suite of analytics and artificial intelligence software, was introduced in 2016.
Greater Natal International Airport
Rio Grande do Norte/São Gonçalo do Amarante–Governador Aluízio Alves International Airport (IATA: NAT, ICAO: SBSG) is an international airport serving Natal, located in the municipality of São Gonçalo do Amarante, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte.

The airport is operated by Zurich Airport Brasil.

National Civil Aviation Agency of Brazil
The National Civil Aviation Agency (Portuguese: Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil, ANAC) is the Brazilian civil aviation authority, created in 2005. It is headquartered in the Edifício Parque Cidade Corporate in Brasília. A part of the Brazilian Secretariat of Civil Aviation, the agency raised from the former Department of Civil Aviation (DAC) and the Civil Aviation Certification Division (Aeronautical Technical Center - CTA), the Brazilian aircraft certification authority. ANAC is responsible for regulating and overseeing civil aviation activities, aeronautics and aerodromes infrastructure.
Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions
This is the
Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions (Irish National Liberation Army actions, INLA), an Irish republican socialist paramilitary group. Most of these actions took place as part of its 1975–1998 campaign during "the Troubles" in Northern Ireland. The INLA did not start claiming responsibility for its actions under the INLA name until January 1976 at which point they had already killed 12 people, before then they used the names People's Liberation Army (PLA) and People's Republican Army (PRA) to claim its attacks.

Irish Republican Socialist Party
The Irish Republican Socialist Party or IRSP (Irish: Páirtí Poblachtach Sóisialach na hÉireann) is a small communist and Irish republican party in Ireland. It is associated with the Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) paramilitary group. The party's youth wing is the Republican Socialist Youth Movement (RSYM). It was founded by former members of 'Official' Sinn Féin in 1974 during the Troubles. Initially it described itself as a socialist Irish republican party, but in 1984 it adopted Marxism–Leninism. The party opposes the Good Friday Agreement and the European Union. It has no elected representatives.
Great Tree
Great Tree is a hamlet in southeast Cornwall, England, UK. It is situated one mile north of East Looe on the B3253 road.

Looe Bay Holiday Park, a large holiday park and campsite, is located at Great Tree.

Looe
Looe (/ˈluː/; Cornish: Logh, lit. 'deep water inlet') is a coastal town and civil parish in south-east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It lies 20 miles (32 km) west of Plymouth and 7 miles (11 km) south of Liskeard. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 5,311.

Looe developed as the two separate towns of East Looe (Cornish: Logh) and West Looe (Cornish: Porthbyghan, lit. "little cove") on opposite sides of the River Looe. The two towns were linked by Looe Bridge from the 15th century, but remained separate boroughs until the 19th century. They were administratively united in 1898.

The town is centred on a small harbour and extends along the steep-sided valley of the River Looe, which flows between East and West Looe to the sea beside a sandy beach. Offshore to the west, opposite the stonier Hannafore Beach, lies Looe Island.
Coombs Covered Bridge
The Coombs Covered Bridge is a wooden covered bridge which carries Coombs Bridge Road over the Ashuelot River in northern Winchester, New Hampshire.  It was built in 1843, and is one of the state's small number of surviving 19th-century covered bridges.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Winchester, New Hampshire
Winchester is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,150 at the 2020 census. The primary community in the town, where 1,606 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as the Winchester census-designated place (CDP). The town also includes the village of Ashuelot and part of Pisgah State Park.
TWG Tea
TWG Tea is a Singaporean luxury teahouse chain and a namesake brand of artisanal tea. The brand was established in 2008 as a subsidiary of the Singaporean lifestyle company, The Wellbeing Group - from which the acronym, TWG, was derived. In 2014, Osim International, itself a subsidiary of the V3 Group, acquired a majority stake in TWG Tea. The company sells over 1,000 blends of tea in its more than 70 boutiques and salons in Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and North America. It also distributes its tea to international retailers.

TWG Tea has expanded rapidly in the 2000s, with salons and boutiques in many countries like UAE, UK, USA, China and more.

Osim International
OSIM International Pte Ltd (Chinese: 傲胜国际企业; pinyin: Àoshèng guójì qǐyè) is a Singapore-based company that manufactures wellness technology and lifestyle products such as well being chairs, massage chairs and sofas, slimming belts, and pulse massagers. The company also recently ventured to manufacturing gaming chairs and electronic products related to gaming, virtual reality and beauty and fitness.
Roshven
Roshven (Scottish Gaelic: Roisbheinn) is a township located on the eastern shoreline of Loch Ailort, in Lochaber, in the council area of Highland, Scotland. Towering above it is Rois-bheinn, the highest hill in the area.

Lochaber
Lochaber (/lɒxˈɑːbər/ lokh-AH-bər; Scottish Gaelic: Loch Abar) is a name applied to a part of the Scottish Highlands. Historically, it was a provincial lordship consisting of the parishes of Kilmallie and Kilmonivaig. Lochaber once extended from the Northern shore of Loch Leven, a district called Nether Lochaber, to beyond Spean Bridge and Roybridge, which area is known as Brae Lochaber or Braigh Loch Abar in Gaelic. For local government purposes, the name was used for one of the landward districts of Inverness-shire from 1930 to 1975, and then for one of the districts of the Highland region from 1975 to 1996. Since 1996 the Highland Council has had a Lochaber area committee.

The main town of Lochaber is Fort William. Other moderate sized settlements in Lochaber include Mallaig, Ballachulish and Glencoe.
1964 Birthday Honours
The Queen's Birthday Honours 1964 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries.

The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The Queen. They were announced on 13 June 1964 for the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Sierra Leone, and Jamaica.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Hawker Siddeley
Hawker Siddeley was a group of British manufacturing companies engaged in aircraft production. Hawker Siddeley combined the legacies of several British aircraft manufacturers, emerging through a series of mergers and acquisitions as one of only two such major British companies in the 1960s. In 1977, Hawker Siddeley became a founding component of the nationalised British Aerospace (BAe). Hawker Siddeley also operated in other industrial markets, such as locomotive building (through its ownership of Brush Traction) and diesel engine manufacture (through its ownership of Lister Petter). The company was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.
Højmark
Højmark is a small village, with a population of 277 (1 January 2025), in Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark. It is located 4 km north of Lem, 12 km east of Ringkøbing and 41 km west of Herning.

Højmark is a part of Sønder Lem Parish and the parish church Sønder Lem Church is located on the eastern outskirts of the village.

Herning
Herning (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhɛɐ̯ne̝ŋ]) is a Danish town in the Central Denmark Region of the Jutland peninsula. It is the main town and the administrative seat of Herning Municipality. Herning has a population of 51,782 (1 January 2025) including the suburbs of Tjørring, Snejbjerg, Lind, Birk, Hammerum, and Gjellerup, making Herning the 12th most populous urban area in Denmark.
Border languages (New Guinea)
The Border or Upper Tami languages are an independent family of Papuan languages in Malcolm Ross's version of the Trans–New Guinea proposal.

Unlike the neighboring Sepik languages and many other Papuan language families of northern New Guinea, Border languages do not have grammatical gender or number (dual and plural forms).

Sepik languages
The Sepik or Sepik River languages are a family of some 50 Papuan languages spoken in the Sepik river basin of northern Papua New Guinea, proposed by Donald Laycock in 1965 in a somewhat more limited form than presented here. They tend to have simple phonologies, with few consonants or vowels and usually no tones.

The best-studied Sepik language is Iatmul. The most populous are Iatmul's fellow Ndu languages Abelam and Boiken, with about 35,000 speakers each.

The Sepik languages, like their Ramu neighbors, appear to have three-vowel systems, /ɨ ə a/, that distinguish only vowel height in a vertical vowel system. Phonetic [i e o u] are a result of palatal and labial assimilation to adjacent consonants. It is suspected that the Ndu languages may reduce this to a two-vowel system, with /ɨ/ epenthetic (Foley 1986).
Spartanburg station
Spartanburg station is an Amtrak train station in Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States. It is located at 290 Magnolia Street, within walking distance of Wofford College, the Spartanburg County government administration building and the Donald S. Russell Federal Building, which includes the federal courthouse for the U.S. District Court for the District of South Carolina.

Wofford College
Wofford College is a private liberal arts college in Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States. Founded in 1854, it is one of the few four-year institutions in the southeastern United States founded before the American Civil War that still operates on its original campus. The 175-acre (71 ha) campus is a national arboretum.

Wofford was founded with a bequest of $100,000 from Benjamin Wofford, a Methodist minister and Spartanburg native who sought to create a college for "literary, classical, and scientific education in my native district of Spartanburg." The college's Main Building is the oldest structure on campus and was designed by the noted Charleston architect Edward C. Jones. In 1941, the college was awarded a chapter of the honor society Phi Beta Kappa, and the Beta of South Carolina chapter was the first at a private college in South Carolina.
Elga Edmonds
Elga Speed Edmonds (June 22, 1909 – August 26, 1966), sometimes mistakenly credited as Elgin Evans in early record discographies although he never used that name himself, was an American blues drummer.  He was the drummer in Muddy Waters' band during its most successful period, and played with other leading blues musicians in the 1940s and 1950s.

He was born in Urbana, Illinois, and played washboard in local blues bands before moving in the 1930s to Chicago, where he performed in clubs.   Muddy Waters had used various drummers including Baby Face Leroy in his bands, but in 1950 established a permanent band with Edmonds as drummer. Edmonds made early recordings with Jimmy Rogers, Leroy Foster, Floyd Jones and others, and beginning on July 11, 1951, appeared on most of Muddy Waters' recordings until being replaced by Fred Below in c. early 1955.

Edmonds died in 1966 aged 57. His final recording session was made in December 1965, backing guitarist/mandolinist Johnny "Man" Young.

Fred Below
Frederick Below Jr. (September 6, 1926 – August 13, 1988) was an American blues drummer who worked with Little Walter and Chess Records in the 1950s. According to Tony Russell, Below was a creator of much of the rhythmic structure of Chicago blues, especially its backbeat.
He was the drummer on Chuck Berry's song "Johnny B. Goode". He also recorded with J. B. Lenoir.
Good Hope School
Good Hope School (GHS; Chinese: 德望學校) is a girls' school in Hong Kong with primary and secondary sections, founded in 1954. It is conducted by Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Conception (M.I.C.). It is located at the junction of Ngau Chi Wan Street and Clear Water Bay Road, on the hill in the eastern outskirt of Ngau Chi Wan.

Clear Water Bay Road
Clear Water Bay Road (Chinese: 清水灣道) is a major road from Choi Hung Interchange in Ngau Chi Wan to Clear Water Bay, Sai Kung District. It also is a route to Sai Kung Town and Tseung Kwan O via Hiram's Highway and Hang Hau Road / Ying Yip Road respectively. An expressway deviation, New Clear Water Bay Road (新清水灣道), bypasses a steep, winding, 1 in 6 alignment of Clear Water Bay Road near Shun Lee and Fei Ngo Shan.

In 1932, Clear Water Bay Road began from Kowloon City. In 1963, part of the road was renamed Choi Hung Road and Prince Edward Road East.
Haeju
Haeju (Korean pronunciation: [hɛ.dzu]) is a city located in South Hwanghae Province near Haeju Bay in North Korea. It is the administrative centre of South Hwanghae Province. As of 2008, the population of the city is estimated to be 273,300. At the beginning of the 20th century, it became a strategic port in Sino-Korean trade. Haeju has chemical-related enterprises and a cement factory.

Yi I
Yi I (Korean: 이이; Hanja: 李珥; 1536–1584) was a Korean philosopher, writer, and Confucian scholar of the Joseon period. Yi is often referred to by his art name Yulgok ("Chestnut valley"). He was also a politician and was the academical successor of Cho Kwangjo.
Beta Tucanae
Beta Tucanae, Latinized from β Tucanae, is a group of six stars which appear to be at least loosely bound into a system in the constellation Tucana. Three of the stars are luminous and distinct enough to have been given their own Bayer designations, β1 Tucanae through β3 Tucanae. The system is approximately 140 light years from Earth.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Arjan Drayton Chana
Arjan Drayton Chana (born 2 March 1994) is an English U-21 international field hockey player, who plays as a forward for England and Great Britain U-21's.

He plays club hockey in the Men's England Hockey League Premier Division for Surbiton.

Drayton Chana previously played for Cannock.

He was educated at Repton School and has represented England at U-16, U-18 and U-21 levels. He made his GB U-21 debut v Australia, in Sydney in January 2013.

Repton School
Repton School is a 13–18 co-educational, private, boarding and day school in the public school tradition, in Repton, Derbyshire, England.

Sir John Port of Etwall, on his death in 1557, left funds to create a grammar school which was then established at the Repton Priory. For its first 400 years, the school accepted only boys; girls were admitted from the 1970s, and the school was fully co-educational by the 1990s.

Notable alumni, also known as "Old Reptonians", include C. B. Fry, Harold Abrahams, Christopher Isherwood, Jeremy Clarkson, Andy Wilman, Roald Dahl, Adrian Newey and Archbishop Lord Ramsey of Canterbury.
Quassel IRC
Quassel IRC, or simply Quassel, is a graphical, distributed, cross-platform IRC client, introduced in 2008. It is released under the GNU General Public License version 2 and version 3, for GNU and Unix-like operating systems, macOS, and Microsoft Windows. It has also been ported to OS/2 Warp due to its cross-platform nature. Since the release of Kubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope) Quassel is Kubuntu's default IRC client. Quassel uses the Qt application framework.

Quassel's key feature is in storing chat history on a user's server and providing it to the user, including chat history of when the user's computer was offline.

Kubuntu
Kubuntu (/kʊˈbʊntuː/ kuu-BUUN-too) is an official flavor of Ubuntu, a Linux distribution that uses the KDE Plasma Desktop Environment instead of the GNOME desktop environment. As part of the Ubuntu project, Kubuntu uses the same underlying systems. Kubuntu shares the same repositories as Ubuntu and is released regularly on the same schedule as Ubuntu.

Kubuntu was sponsored by Canonical Ltd. until 2012, and then directly by Blue Systems. Now, employees of Blue Systems contribute upstream to KDE and Debian, and Kubuntu development is led by community contributors. During the changeover, Kubuntu retained the use of Ubuntu project servers and existing developers.
Gmina Moskorzew
Gmina Moskorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Moskorzew, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) south of Włoszczowa and 54 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 71.29 square kilometres (27.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 2,930.

Włoszczowa County
Włoszczowa County (Polish: powiat włoszczowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Włoszczowa, which lies 46 kilometres (29 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

The county covers an area of 906.38 square kilometres (350.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 45,137, out of which the population of Włoszczowa is 9,985, and the rural population is 35,152.
1986 Puerto Rico Open
The 1986 Puerto Rico Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the San Juan Central Park in San Juan in Puerto Rico and was part of the 1986 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from November 11 through November 16, 1986. Third-seeded Raffaella Reggi won the singles title.
.

1986 Virginia Slims World Championship Series
The 1986 Virginia Slims World Championship Series  was the 14th season since the foundation of the Women's Tennis Association. It commenced on March 24, 1986, and concluded in December, 1986 after 41 events. The season was abbreviated in order to return the tour to a calendar year basis.

The Virginia Slims World Championship Series was the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). It was held in place of the WTA Tour from 1983 until 1987 and featured tournaments that had previously been part of the Toyota Series and the Avon Series. It included the four Grand Slam tournaments and a series of other events. ITF tournaments were not part of the tour, although they awarded points for the WTA World Ranking. No Australian Open was held during 1986 due to the tournament start date being moved from November to January.
Euterpe catinga
Euterpe catinga is a palm species in the genus Euterpe. It is found in forests of a dry, sandy soil and very peculiar vegetation, known as catinga forests or Campinarana in northern South America (Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil).

Two varieties are recognized:

Euterpe catinga var. catinga - Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, northern Brazil

Euterpe catinga var. roraimae (Dammer) A.J.Hend. & Galeano - Guyana, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil

Euterpe (plant)
Euterpe is a genus of palm trees, containing eight species that are native to Central America and the Yucatan, the West Indies, and South America, from Belize and the Windward Islands southward to Brazil, Peru and Argentina. These palms grow mainly in swamps and floodplains.

The genus is named after the muse Euterpe of Greek mythology. Euterpe are tall, slender palms growing to 15–30 metres (49–98 ft), with pinnate leaves up to 3 metres (9.8 ft) long, and a stem only about 100 millimetres (3.9 in) in diameter. Many of the palms that were once in the genus Euterpe have been reclassified into the genus Prestoea.

The fruit is small, but is produced in great quantity upon branched spadices, which are thrown out horizontally beneath the crown of leaves. It consists of a hard seed, with a very thin covering of a firm pulp or flesh.

The name açaí palm usually refers to Euterpe oleracea, but various other species of Euterpe are cultivated commercially under that name.
KLCE
KLCE (97.3 FM) is a radio station broadcasting an adult contemporary format. Licensed to Blackfoot, Idaho, the station serves the East Idaho area. The station is owned by Riverbend Communications, LLC.

Blackfoot, Idaho
Blackfoot is a city in and the county seat of Bingham County, Idaho, United States. The population was 12,346 at the 2020 census. Blackfoot is the principal city of the Blackfoot, Idaho, Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Bingham County.
Yamta ra Walla
Yamta-ra-Walla (died c. 1580), also known as Yamta the Great, was the founder of the Biu Kingdom in what is now northeastern Nigeria. Regarded in Biu and Babur tradition as a culture hero, he is credited with uniting the dispersed Bura and Babur settlements into a centralised kingdom. Several groups in the Biu–Marghi complex, including the Babur (Pabir), Marghi, Kamwe, and Kilba peoples, claim descent from him.

Ngazargamu
Birni NgazargamuListenⓘ , also calledListenⓘ Gazargamu, Gazargamo, Ngazargamo, and N'gazargamu, was the capital of the Kanem–Bornu Empire from the city's foundation in the 15th century to its destruction and abandonment in the Fula jihads in the early 19th century. Ngazargamu was situated in the fork of the Komadugu Gana River and the Komadugu Yobe, near present-day Geidam, 150 km (93 mi) west of Lake Chad in the Yobe State of modern Nigeria.

Ideally positioned alongside important trans-Saharan trade routes, Ngazargamu was the focal point of the central Sudan region for three centuries. At the height of its power, Ngazargamu covered about 1500 hectares. The former population size of Ngazargamu is unknown, with estimates ranging between 60,000 and 250,000 at the city's height. The great rampart on which the city once stood is still visible at the site, alongside sparse remnants of former structures. The site is noted for the presence of red bricks, otherwise rare in pre-modern Africa.