hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wu Wei (painter)
Wu Wei (traditional Chinese: 吳偉; simplified Chinese: 吴伟; pinyin: Wú Wěi; ca. 1459–1508) was a painter of Ming dynasty (1368–1644) China famous for his landscapes.

Wu was born in Wuchang in Hubei province. His style names were Shiying and Ciweng, and his sobriquets were Lufu and Xiaoxian.

Although he was born into a family of scholar-officials and might have pursued a career in the bureaucracy, Wu Wei instead chose to support himself as a painter. He worked as a professional painter in the city of Nanjing, and three emperors summoned him to work as a court painter in Beijing: the Chenghua emperor (r. 1465–87), the Hongzhi emperor (r. 1488–1505), and the Zhengde emperor (r. 1506–21).

Wu Wei is known as a landscape painter, and, at least early in his career, he was inspired by the work of Dai Jin (1388–1462). He also painted figures. Wu painted in a strong, fluent, and uninhibited style, and took on many students to teach.

Dai Jin
Dai Jin (simplified Chinese: 戴进; traditional Chinese: 戴進; pinyin: Dài Jìn; 1388–1462) was a prominent leader in the early Ming Revival of the Ma-Xia, or too the style of landscape painting of the Southern Song, which came to be known as the Zhe School.
Ogygia Island
Ogygia Island (Bulgarian: остров Огигия, romanized: ostrov Ogygia, IPA: [ˈɔstrof oˈɟiɟjɐ]) is the 420 m long in west-east direction and 70 m wide rocky island separated by a 110 m wide passage from Hall Peninsula on the east side of Snow Island in the South Shetland Islands. Surface area 2 ha. It is part of the southwest coast of Ivaylo Cove. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.

The feature is named after the mythical island Ogygia, home of the nymph Calypso.

Snow Island (South Shetland Islands)
Snow Island or Isla Nevada is a completely ice-covered island, 16 by 8 kilometres (9.9 by 5.0 mi) in size, lying 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southwest of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands. Surface area is 120.4 square kilometres (46.5 sq mi).  This island was known to both American and British sealers as early as 1820, and the name has been well established in international usage for over 100 years.
Ramanujan graph
In the mathematical field of spectral graph theory, a Ramanujan graph is a regular graph whose spectral gap is almost as large as possible (see extremal graph theory). Such graphs are excellent spectral expanders. As Murty's survey paper notes, Ramanujan graphs "fuse diverse branches of pure mathematics, namely, number theory, representation theory, and algebraic geometry". 
These graphs are indirectly named after Srinivasa Ramanujan; their name comes from the Ramanujan–Petersson conjecture, which was used in a construction of some of these graphs.

Expander mixing lemma
The expander mixing lemma intuitively states that the edges of certain -regular graphs are evenly distributed throughout the graph. In particular, the number of edges between two vertex subsets  and  is always close to the expected number of edges between them in a random -regular graph, namely .
Olympic Peninsula
The Olympic Peninsula is a large peninsula in Western Washington that lies across Puget Sound from Seattle, and contains Olympic National Park. It is bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, the north by the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the east by Hood Canal. Cape Alava, the westernmost point in the contiguous United States, and Cape Flattery, the northwesternmost point, are on the peninsula. Comprising about 3,600 square miles (9,300 km2), the Olympic Peninsula contained many of the last unexplored places in the contiguous United States. It remained largely unmapped until Arthur Dodwell and Theodore Rixon mapped most of its topography and timber resources between 1898 and 1900.

Cape Alava
Cape Alava (/ˈæləvə/) is a cape in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Located in Clallam County, Washington, the cape is situated within Olympic National Park and the Makah Indian Reservation, and is accessible via a 3-mile (5 km) boardwalk hike from a ranger station in the park.

Cape Alava Trail was designated a National Recreation Trail in 1981.
Breast binding
Breast binding, also known as chest binding, is the flattening and hiding of breasts with constrictive materials such as cloth strips or purpose-built undergarments. Binders may also be used as alternatives to bras or for reasons of propriety.

Chest reconstruction
Chest reconstruction, also known as top surgery, refers to any of various surgical procedures to reconstruct the chest by removing breast tissue or altering the nipples and areolae in order to mitigate gender dysphoria. Transgender men and non-binary people may pursue chest reconstruction as part of their transition, though it is also used to treat cases of gynecomastia in cisgender men.

The removal of breast tissue in chest reconstruction is a type of mastectomy called a subcutaneous (under the skin) mastectomy. This type of mastectomy removes tissue from inside the breast (subcutaneous tissue), as well as excess skin. The surgeon then contours the chest, altering the size and position of the areolae and nipples as needed or as indicated by the patient.

Those undergoing chest reconstruction may opt to forgo nipple grafts, with the intent of having a completely blank, flat chest, or, to have them tattooed on at a later date.
Ambrolauri Municipality
The Ambrolauri Municipality (Georgian: ამბროლაურის მუნიციპალიტეტი, romanized: ambrolauris munitsip'alit'et'i) is a self-governing subdivision in western Georgia. Its governing bodies are based in the city of Ambrolauri. Together with the neighboring municipalities Lentekhi, Oni, and Tsageri, the Ambrolauri Municipality forms the region of Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti. The municipality has an area of is 1142 km2, and population of 10,405 (2021).

Tsageri Municipality
Tsageri (Georgian: ცაგერის მუნიციპალიტეტი [t̪͡s̪ʰäge̞ɾis mun̪it̪͡s̪ʰip'älit'e̞t'i], Cageris municiṗaliṫeṫi) is a district of Georgia, in the region of Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti. Its main town is Tsageri.
William Corbett (poet)
William Corbett (October 11, 1942 – August 10, 2018) was an American poet, essayist, editor, educator, and publisher.

Corbett's work and public readings acknowledge the influence on him of jazz, modernist and imagist poetry (especially William Carlos Williams and Ezra Pound in his later work), the group of poets in Donald Allen's seminal anthology The New American Poetry 1945–1960, many of them from the Black Mountain College community (most notably Allen Ginsberg, Frank O'Hara, James Schuyler, his friends Robert Creeley and John Wieners, and his mentor, Charles Olson), classical Chinese poets (mainly Li Po), and French poetry of the mid-19th to early 20th centuries (especially Guillaume Apollinaire).

Donald Allen
Donald Merriam Allen (Muscatine, Iowa, March 26, 1912 – San Francisco, California, August 29, 2004) was an American editor, publisher and translator of literary works. He is best known for editing the popular anthology of post-WWII avant-garde American poems, The New American Poetry 1945-1960.
1996 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – Pool A
Group A of the 1996 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II was one of two pools in the Asia/Oceania Zone Group II of the 1996 Fed Cup. Four teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top two teams advancing to the play-offs.

1996 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – play-offs
The play-offs of the 1996 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II were the final stages of the Group II Zonal Competition involving teams from Asia and Oceania. Those that qualified for this stage placed first and second in their respective pools.

The four teams were then paired up the team from a different placing of the other group for a play-off tie, with the winners being promoted to Group I in 1997.
Richard Turley (graphic designer)
Richard Turley is an English creative director and graphic designer. He is the editorial director of Interview and the co-founder of Civilization magazine. Turley became well known for his work redesigning the visual strategies of Bloomberg Businessweek and MTV.

Design and Art Direction
Design and Art Direction (D&AD), formerly known as British Design and Art Direction, is a British educational organisation that was created in 1962 to promote excellence in design and advertising. Its main offices are in Spitalfields in London. It is most famous for its annual awards, the D&AD Pencils. The highest award given by D&AD, the Black Pencil, is not necessarily awarded every year.
Russo's New York Pizzeria
Russo's New York Pizzeria is based in Houston, Texas and was established in 1992 by Anthony Russo. The chain serves New York–style pizza as well as several different types of Italian cuisine to include: soups, salads, pastas, calzones and dessert.

Calzone
Calzone is an Italian oven-baked folded pizza. A typical calzone is made from salted bread dough, baked in an oven and stuffed with prosciutto or salami, mozzarella or ricotta, and Parmesan or pecorino, as well as an egg. Different regional variations in or on a calzone can often include other ingredients that are normally associated with pizza toppings. The term usually applies to an oven-baked folded pizza rather than a fried folded pizza (i.e. panzerotti), although calzones and panzerotti are often mistaken for each other.

Stromboli, an Italian-American rolled pizza, is similar to calzone, and the two are sometimes confused. Unlike strombolis, which are generally rolled into a cylindrical or rectangular shape, calzones are always folded into a crescent shape, and typically do not have tomato sauce inside.
Moonlight Programme
The Moonlight programme or the Moonlight Lunar Communications and Navigation Services (LCNS) is an initiative by the European Space Agency (ESA) with the goal of creating uninterrupted telecommunications satellite coverage between Earth and the Moon, as well as lunar satellite navigation, facilitating future lunar projects. LCNS is a partnership between ESA and an industry consortium led by Telespazio, with support from the UK Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. Moonlight is managed by ESA Connectivity and Secure Communications (CSC) directorate, alongside the ARTES and IRIS2 programmes.

Timekeeping on the Moon
Timekeeping on the Moon is an issue of synchronized human activity on the Moon and contact with such. The two main differences to timekeeping on Earth are the length of a day on the Moon, being the lunar day or lunar month, observable from Earth as the lunar phases, and the rate at which time progresses, with 24 hours on the Moon being 58.7 microseconds (0.0000587 seconds) faster, resulting from gravitational time dilation due to the different masses of the Moon and Earth.
1988–89 Stoke City F.C. season
The 1988–89 season was Stoke City's 82nd season in the Football League and 29th in the Second Division.

With the sale of both Lee Dixon and Steve Bould to Arsenal manager Mick Mills was able to enter the transfer market where he bought Peter Beagrie and Chris Kamara. The hope now would be that Stoke could mount a serious promotion challenge but again results were far too inconsistent and Stoke ended the season in mid-table for a third straight season.

Steve Bould
Stephen Andrew Bould (born 16 November 1962) is an English football coach and former professional footballer who is currently first team coach of EFL Championship club Queens Park Rangers.

As a player, he was a defender from 1980 until 2000. Bould began his football career with his hometown club Stoke City where he gained a reputation as an impressive young defender. After spending seven seasons with the Potters, and becoming one of English football's most coveted centre backs, he moved to Arsenal in 1988. At Highbury, he formed a formidable back line with Tony Adams, Nigel Winterburn and his former Stoke teammate Lee Dixon. He left the Gunners in 1999 and ended his playing career with Sunderland.

Since his playing career ended, Bould has worked at the successful Arsenal Academy as Head Youth Team Coach at Arsenal. He was promoted to assistant manager at the start of the 2012–13 season, replacing the long serving Pat Rice. He later had a spells as head coach of U23s side.
Waterton Biosphere Reserve
Waterton Biosphere Region (established 1979) is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve encompassing Waterton Lakes National Park in the extreme southwest of the province of Alberta, Canada. The region includes a section of the east slopes of the Rocky Mountains extending from the Continental Divide to the edge of the Canadian Great Plains to the east, including the Municipality of Pincher Creek and Cardston County. The Glacier Biosphere Reserve and National Park in Montana, USA is located to the south of the area.

The region is administered by Waterton Lakes National Park and the Waterton Biosphere Reserve Association.

Waterton Lakes National Park
Waterton Lakes National Park is in the southwest corner of Alberta, Canada. The national park borders Glacier National Park in Montana, United States. Waterton was the fourth Canadian national park, formed in 1895 as Kootenay Lakes Forest Reserve. It is named after Waterton Lake, in turn after the Victorian naturalist and conservationist Charles Waterton. Its range is between the Rocky Mountains and the Prairies. This park contains 505 km2 (195 sq mi) of rugged mountains and wilderness. It has a diverse ecosystem.

Operated by Parks Canada, Waterton is open all year, but the main tourist season is during July and August. The only commercial facilities available within the park are located at the Waterton Park townsite. This park ranges in elevation from 1,290 metres (4,232 ft) at the townsite to 2,910 m (9,547 ft) at Mount Blakiston. It offers many scenic trails, including Crypt Lake trail. In 2012/2013, Waterton Lakes National Park had 402,542 visitors.
Browder–Minty theorem
In mathematics, the Browder–Minty theorem (sometimes called the Minty–Browder theorem) states that a bounded, continuous, coercive and monotone function T from a real, separable reflexive Banach space X into its continuous dual space X∗ is automatically surjective. That is, for each continuous linear functional g ∈ X∗, there exists a solution u ∈ X of the equation T(u) = g. (Note that T itself is not required to be a linear map.)

The theorem is named in honor of Felix Browder and George J. Minty, who independently proved it.

Banach space
In mathematics, more specifically in functional analysis, a Banach space (/ˈbɑː.nʌx/, Polish pronunciation: [ˈba.nax]) is a complete normed vector space. Thus, a Banach space is a vector space with a metric that allows the computation of vector length and distance between vectors and is complete in the sense that a Cauchy sequence of vectors always converges to a well-defined limit that is within the space.

Banach spaces are named after the Polish mathematician Stefan Banach, who introduced this concept and studied it systematically in 1920–1922 along with Hans Hahn and Eduard Helly.
Maurice René Fréchet was the first to use the term "Banach space" and Banach in turn then coined the term "Fréchet space".
Banach spaces originally grew out of the study of function spaces by Hilbert, Fréchet, and Riesz earlier in the century. Banach spaces play a central role in functional analysis. In other areas of analysis, the spaces under study are often Banach spaces.
Alexander Graham Bell honors and tributes
Alexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was an inventor, scientist, and engineer who received numerous honors and tributes during his life, and new awards were subsequently named for him posthumously.

Brantford
Brantford is a city in Ontario, Canada, founded on the Grand River in Southwestern Ontario. It is surrounded by Brant County but is politically separate with a municipal government of its own that is fully independent of the county's municipal government.

Brantford is situated on the Haldimand Tract, and is named after Joseph Brant, a Mohawk leader, soldier, farmer and slave owner. Brant was an important Loyalist leader during the American Revolutionary War and later, after the Haudenosaunee moved to the Brantford area in Upper Canada. Many of his descendants and other First Nations people live on the nearby Six Nations of the Grand River reserve south of Brantford; it is the most populous reserve in Canada.

Brantford is known as the "Telephone City" because resident Alexander Graham Bell invented the first telephone at his father's homestead, Melville House, now the Bell Homestead National Historic Site, located in Tutela Heights south of the city.
Guashize Township, Qinghai
Guashize Township (Mandarin: 瓜什则乡) is a township in Tongren County, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai, China. In 2010, Guashize Township had a total population of 4,355: 2,165 males and 2,190 females: 1,114 aged under 14, 2,960 aged between 15 and 65 and 281 aged over 65.

Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (simplified Chinese: 黄南藏族自治州; traditional Chinese: 黃南藏族自治州; pinyin: Huángnán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu; Tibetan: རྨ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་, Wylie: rma lho bod rigs rang skyong khul) is an autonomous prefecture of eastern Qinghai, northwest China, bordering Gansu to the east. The prefecture has an area of 17,921 km2 (6,919 sq mi) and its seat is in Tongren County.
Polish–Ottoman alliance
A Polish–Ottoman alliance, based on several treaties, occurred during the 16th century between the kingdom of Poland-Lithuania and the Ottoman Empire, as the Ottomans were expanding into Central Europe.

Polish–Lithuanian union
The Polish–Lithuanian union was a relationship created by a series of acts and alliances between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania that lasted for prolonged periods of time from 1385 and led to the creation of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, or the "Republic of the Two Nations", in 1569, which ended in 1795 with the Third Partition.
Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system
The Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system signifies a practitioner's increasing level of technical knowledge and practical skill within the art. Colored belts worn as part of the uniform are awarded to the practitioner. The ranking system shares its origins with the judo belt-rank system, but the Brazilian system incorporates some minor differences from Judo such as a division between youths and adults and the issuance of stripes and degrees. Some differences have become synonymous with the art, such as a marked informality in promotional criteria, a focus on competitive demonstration of skill, and conservative promotion.

Hélio Gracie
Hélio Gracie (October 1, 1913 – January 29, 2009) was a Brazilian martial artist who together with his brothers Oswaldo, Gastao Jr, George and Carlos Gracie founded and developed the self-defense martial art system of Gracie jiu-jitsu, also known as Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ).

Considered as the Godfather of BJJ, according to his son Rorion, Gracie is one of the first sports heroes in Brazilian history; he was named Man of the Year in 1997 by the American martial arts publication Black Belt magazine. A patriarch of the Gracie family, multiple members of his family have gone on to have successful careers in combat sport competition, including mixed martial arts (MMA). In 2001, he was inducted into the Martial Arts History Museum Hall of Fame.
Gaie France
Gaie France, or Gaie France Magazine, was a French monthly magazine for gay readers founded in 1986 by Michel Caignet. It frequently published naked photographs of adolescent boys and was linked closely to the French far-right.

Guillaume Faye
Guillaume Faye (French: [ɡijom faj]; 7 November 1949 – 6 March 2019) was a French political theorist, journalist, writer, and leading member of the French New Right.

Continuing the tradition of Giorgio Locchi, his various articles and books sought to posit Islam as a nemesis necessary to unite the white non-Muslim peoples of Europe and the former Soviet Union into an entity named "Eurosiberia". Faye considered regional and national grievances to be counterproductive to this goal and was supportive of European integration.

Scholar Stéphane François describes Faye as "pan-European revolutionary-conservative thinker who is at the origin of the renewal of the doctrinal corpus of the French Identitarian Right, and more broadly of the Euro-American Right, with the concept of 'archeofuturism'."
1994–95 FA Women's Cup
The 1994–95 FA Women's Cup was an association football knockout tournament for women's teams, held between 18 September 1994 and 30 April 1995. It was the 25th season of the FA Women's Cup and was won by Arsenal, who defeated Liverpool in the final.

The tournament consisted eight rounds of competition proper.

All match results and dates from the Women's FA Cup Website.

1995 FA Women's Cup final
The 1995 FA Women's Cup Final was the 26th final of the FA Women's Cup, England's primary cup competition for women's football teams. It was the 26th final to be held under the direct control of the Football Association (FA). The final was contested between Arsenal and Liverpool on 30 April 1995 at Prenton Park, the home stadium of Tranmere Rovers. Arsenal defeated Liverpool 3–2.
Edmundo Novoa
Edmundo Basilio Novoa de María (14 June 1887 – 6 July 1981) was a Uruguayan-born Spanish diplomat and footballer who played as a defender for Real Madrid in Spain and Nacional in Uruguay. In 1911, he played one match as a midfielder for the Uruguayan national team. He later worked as a consular agent of Uruguay in Spain, using this position to save thousands of people from Franco's repression.

1908 Copa del Rey
The Copa del Rey 1908 was the 6th staging of the Copa del Rey, the Spanish football cup competition. It started and ended on 12 April.

Athletic Bilbao refused to enter to protest the behaviour of Madrid supporters at some games of the previous tournament. Other teams invited, like the Catalan champion X Sporting Club, declined the invitation for economic reasons. Ultimately, only two teams were entered: Madrid FC and Real Vigo Sporting.

The tournament was won by Madrid FC, who claimed their fourth Cup title in a row. They beat Vigo Sporting 2–1 in the final thanks to goals from Antonio Neyra and Federico Revuelto.
USS Hansford
USS Hansford (APA-106) was a Bayfield-class attack transport that served with the US Navy during World War II.

Originally christened Sea Adder, the vessel was launched 25 April 1944 as Gladwin by Western Pipe & Steel of San Francisco, under Maritime Commission contract. She was transferred to the Navy and renamed Hansford (after Hansford County, Texas) on 25 August, and commissioned on 12 October 1944.

Hansford County, Texas
Hansford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 5,285. Its county seat is Spearman. The county was created in 1876 and organized in 1889. It is named for John M. Hansford, a Texas state congressman and judge.
Battle of Dombås
The Battle of Dombås was fought between Norwegian Army infantry forces and German Fallschirmjäger paratroops in mid-April 1940. As part of their conquest of Norway south of Trondheim, and as a countermeasure against reported Allied landings in the Romsdal area of south-western Norway, the Germans dropped a company of paratroopers near the vital railroad junction of Dombås on 14 April 1940. For the next five days, the German force blocked the Dovre Line railroad line between Oslo and Trondheim, as well as the main road between the two cities.

Military ranks and insignia of Norway
Military ranks and rank insignia of Norway were changed June 1, 2016, with the reintroduction of the Non-Commissioned Officer Corps, and the abolishment of the one-tier officer system in place since 1975.