hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Three Witnesses
The Three Witnesses is the collective name for three men—Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris—in the early Latter Day Saint movement who stated that an angel showed them the golden plates from which Joseph Smith translated the Book of Mormon. They also stated that they heard God's voice, informing them that the book had been translated by divine power.

Their joint statement, along with the Eight Witnesses statement, has appeared in every edition of the Book of Mormon since its publication in 1830. They are collectively known as the Book of Mormon witnesses.

All three men eventually broke with Smith’s church, although Harris and Cowdery were later rebaptized into the church after Smith's death. Whitmer founded his own Church of Christ. All three men upheld their testimony of the Book of Mormon at their deaths.

Kirtland, Ohio
Kirtland is a city in Lake County, Ohio, United States. The population was 6,937 at the 2020 census. Kirtland is known for being the early headquarters of the Latter Day Saint movement from 1831 to 1837 and the site of the movement's first temple, the Kirtland Temple, completed in 1836. The Kirtland Temple and nearby Historic Kirtland Village are maintained as historic sites highlighting that era. The city is also the location for multiple parks in the Lake Metroparks system, as well as the Holden Arboretum.
Kalabagh Dam
The Kalabagh Dam  (Urdu: کالا باغ ڈيم) is a proposed hydroelectric dam on the Indus River at Kalabagh in the Mianwali District of Punjab, Pakistan. The dam, first proposed in 1950s, has been intensely debated along ethnic and regional lines for several decades.

If constructed, the dam could generate 3,600 megawatts(MW) of electricity. It is also suggested and promoted as a potential solution to the chronic flooding problem and the related water crises in the country. Over the decades, the understanding of the environmental impacts of mega dam projects have grown, and Pakistan Economy Watch has demanded a national debate on the KBD issue.

Environmental impact of reservoirs
The environmental impact of reservoirs comes under ever-increasing scrutiny as the global demand for water and energy increases and the number and size of reservoirs increases.

Dams and reservoirs can be used to supply drinking water, generate hydroelectric power, increase the water supply for irrigation, provide recreational opportunities, and flood control. In 1960 the construction of Llyn Celyn and the flooding of Capel Celyn provoked political uproar which continues to this day. More recently, the construction of Three Gorges Dam and other similar projects throughout Asia, Africa and Latin America have generated considerable environmental and political debate. Currently, 48 percent of rivers and their hydro-ecological systems are affected by reservoirs and dams.
Mount Tegge
Mount Tegge is an isolated mountain mass (1,570 m) located at the mouth of Embree Glacier, on the east side of the Sentinel Range in the Ellsworth Mountains. It is located 6.37 km northeast of Mount Hleven in Bangey Heights and 6.65 km east-southeast of Mount McKeown in Sostra Heights.

The mountain was first mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos from 1957 to 1959. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for 1st Lieutenant Richard C. Tegge of the United States Air Force (USAF), who participated in establishing the South Pole Station in the 1956–57 season.

Sostra Heights
Sostra Heights (Bulgarian: Состренски възвишения, ‘Sostrenski Vazvisheniya’ \'so-stren-ski v&-zvi-'she-ni-ya\) are the heights rising ro 2352 m at Mount Malone on the east side of northern Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  They extend 22 km in northwest–southeast direction and 16.5 km in northeast–southwest direction.  The heights are bounded by Embree Glacier to the south, Sabazios Glacier to the west, Newcomer Glacier to the north and Rutford Ice Stream to the east, and separated by Robinson Pass to the southwest from the side ridge that trends 9.15 km east-northeastwards from Mount Dalrymple on the main crest of Sentinel Range. Their interior is drained by Anchialus Glacier and Vit Ice Piedmont.

The heights are named after the ancient Roman fortress of Sostra in Northern Bulgaria.
2022 Idaho gubernatorial election
The 2022 Idaho gubernatorial election was held on November 8 to elect the next governor of Idaho. Incumbent Brad Little, first elected in 2018, was elected to a second term, the eighth consecutive win by a Republican.

The statewide primary was held on May 17; Little defeated incumbent lieutenant governor Janice McGeachin in the Republican primary, while Stephen Heidt won the Democratic primary. Little convincingly won the general election, but there was a relatively strong performance by far-right independent candidate Ammon Bundy, who finished roughly three points behind Heidt, and ahead of Heidt in 34 of Idaho's 44 counties.

Bundy's share of the vote was the best non-major party performance or the best outside both major parties performance since 1926. This was the worst Democratic performance since 1924, and one of only three times since then in which the Democratic candidate failed to achieve 30% of the vote.

Idaho's 1st congressional district
Idaho's 1st congressional district is one of two congressional districts in the U.S. state of Idaho. It comprises the western portion of the state. The 1st district is currently represented by Russ Fulcher, a Republican from Meridian, who was first elected in 2018, and re-elected in 2020 and 2022.
William Mills (New Zealand cricketer)
William Mills (19 March 1875 – 8 April 1962) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Auckland and Taranaki between 1894 and 1904.

On his first-class debut Mills took 6 for 35 and 6 for 55 for Taranaki against Fiji in the last match of Fiji's tour of New Zealand in 1894–95.

Auckland cricket team
The Auckland cricket team represent the Auckland region and are one of six New Zealand domestic first class cricket teams. Governed by the Auckland Cricket Association they are the most successful team having won 28 Plunket Shield titles, ten wins in The Ford Trophy and the Super Smash four times. The team currently play their home games at Eden Park Outer Oval.

The limited overs team, known as the Auckland Aces, have a predominantly light blue kit with a navy and white trim. Their One Day Championship shirt sponsors are Ford whilst their major T20 sponsor is Mondiale.

They won the Men's Super Smash competition in the 2015–16 season, their 4th domestic Twenty20 title overall, making them become the most successful team in New Zealand.
Gregorio della Suburra
Gregorio della Suburra (died 1162/63) was an Italian cardinal, created by Pope Innocent II in 1140 as priest of the title of S. Maria in Trastevere. He was nephew of Pope Anastasius IV, who promoted him to suburbicarian see of Sabina in September 1154. After the double papal election in September 1159 he supported the obedience of Pope Alexander III. He became Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals in 1159, after the deposition of Cardinal Icmar of Tusculum, who had consecrated Antipope Victor IV (1159-1164) and joined his obedience. He was papal vicar at Rome in 1160. His name appears for the last time in the papal bull dated 20 September 1162.

Antipope Victor IV (1159–1164)
Victor IV (born Octavian or Octavianus: Ottaviano dei Crescenzi Ottaviani di Monticelli) (1095 – 20 April 1164) was elected as a Ghibelline antipope in 1159, following the death of Pope Adrian IV and the election of Alexander III. His election was supported by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. He took the name Victor IV, not acknowledging Antipope Victor IV of 1138, whose holding of the papal office was deemed illegitimate.
Flaminio Innocenzo Minozzi
Flaminio Innocenzo Minozzi (3 October 1735 – 1817) was an Italian painter, mainly of quadratura. He was a pupil of his father Bernardo Minozzi, a landscape painter in Bologna. He won the Marsili-Aldrovandi Award (Premio Marsili-Aldrovandi) at the Accademia Clementina and worked with Carlo Galli Bibiena. He later moved to work in Lisbon.

His works are held in many museums worldwide, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Minneapolis Institute of Art, the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, the Princeton University Art Museum, and the University of Michigan Museum of Art.

Illusionistic ceiling painting
Illusionistic ceiling painting, which includes the techniques of perspective di sotto in sù and quadratura, is the tradition in Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo art in which trompe-l'œil, perspective tools such as foreshortening, and other spatial effects are used to create the illusion of three-dimensional space on an otherwise two-dimensional or mostly flat ceiling surface above the viewer. It is frequently used to create the illusion of an open sky, such as with the oculus in Andrea Mantegna's Camera degli Sposi, or the illusion of an architectural space such as the cupola, one of Andrea Pozzo's frescoes in Sant'Ignazio, Rome. Illusionistic ceiling painting belongs to the general class of illusionism in art, designed to create accurate representations of reality, as well as the general class of painted ceilings.
Parvis de Saint-Gilles premetro station
Parvis de Saint-Gilles (French) or Sint-Gillisvoorplein (Dutch) is a premetro (underground tram) station located in the Saint-Gilles municipality of Brussels, Belgium. The main entrance is from the Parvis de Saint-Gilles/Sint-Gillisvoorplein, after which it is named. It opened on 3 December 1993.

The station forms part of a southerly extension to the North–South Axis, a tram tunnel crossing the city centre between Brussels-North railway station and Albert premetro station. The underground station serves the 4, 10 and 51 trams and there is also a surface connection to the 48 bus route.

The walls of the station are covered with blue tiles inscribed with the text of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, in French and Dutch. This work, entitled Dyad, was undertaken by the artist Françoise Schein.

Brussels tram route 51
The tram route 51 in Brussels, Belgium, is operated by STIB/MIVB, and connects Heysel/Heizel metro station in Laeken in the City of Brussels to the Van Haelen stop in the southern municipality of Uccle. The route runs north–south, crossing the City of Brussels, Jette, Molenbeek-Saint-Jean, the City of Brussels again, Saint-Gilles, Forest and Uccle. Currently, service is interrupted between Brussels-South railway station and Altitude Cent/Hoogte Honderd due to construction work at Albert premetro station.
M-104 (Michigan highway)
M-104 is a state trunkline highway in the US state of Michigan in the Western Michigan region of the state. It runs from Ferrysburg to Nunica in Ottawa County, passing through Spring Lake. The highway serves as a connector between Interstate 96 (I-96) and US Highway 31 (US 31), helping connect Grand Haven with the Grand Rapids metro area. A related Connector 104 runs between M-104 and US 31 in Ferrysburg. During the 1920s and 1930s, a different highway bore the M-104 designation. The current highway was previously a section of US 16 until 1940 when that designation was shifted to a road going from Nunica to Muskegon; the orphaned highway was redesignated M-104 at the same time. Since then, two routing changes have caused short segments to be transferred to local control and removed from the highway.

Annual average daily traffic
Annual average daily traffic (AADT) is a measure used primarily in transportation planning, transportation engineering and retail location selection. Traditionally, it is the total volume of vehicle traffic of a highway or road for a year divided by 365 days. AADT is a simple, but useful, measurement of how busy the road is.

AADT is the standard measurement for vehicle traffic load on a section of road, and the basis for some decisions regarding transport planning, or the environmental hazards of pollution related to road transport.
Burbank High School (Burbank, California)
Burbank High School is a public high school in Burbank, California. It was established in 1908 and opened on September 14, 1914, and its inaugural class had 334 students. It is a part of the Burbank Unified School District. The area had previously been served by the Glendale Union High School District.

Burbank High began an extensive facility update in 2003, and its first phase of reconstruction was a building housing new classrooms for the entire school. By 2005, the campus also had a new gym, pool, visual and performing arts center, parking structure, athletic field, and tennis courts.

In addition to a core curriculum that satisfies the University of California A-G requirements, Burbank High offers 17 Honors and Advanced Placement classes, a wide variety of visual arts classes, career technical classes and nationally recognized performing arts.

National Speech and Debate Association
The National Speech & Debate Association (NSDA) is the largest interscholastic speech and debate organization serving middle school and high school students in the United States. It was formed as the National Forensic League in 1925 by Bruno Ernst Jacob.
Ray Abeyta
Ray Martìn Abeyta (November 13, 1956 – December 1, 2014) was an American painter. His paintings are a hybrid of historical and contemporary Latino subject matter in the Cuzco School style of Madonna painting, lowrider culture, New Mexican traditional retablo painting, and representations of the colonialist encounters between Europeans and Mesoamericans.

Museum of New Mexico
The Museum of New Mexico is a collection of museums, historic sites, and archaeological services governed by the State of New Mexico. It currently consists of six divisions: the Palace of the Governors state history museum, the New Mexico Museum of Art, the Museum of Indian Arts and Culture, the Museum of International Folk Art, the archaeology division, and the state historic sites. Each division within the Museum of New Mexico adheres to policies decided by the Museum of New Mexico Board of Regents, a group of New Mexico residents appointed by the governor with consent of the Senate.
Bromine compounds
Bromine compounds are compounds containing the element bromine (Br). These compounds usually form the −1, +1, +3 and +5 oxidation states. Bromine is intermediate in reactivity between chlorine and iodine, and is one of the most reactive elements. Bond energies to bromine tend to be lower than those to chlorine but higher than those to iodine, and bromine is a weaker oxidising agent than chlorine but a stronger one than iodine. This can be seen from the standard electrode potentials of the X2/X− couples (F, +2.866 V; Cl, +1.395 V; Br, +1.087 V; I, +0.615 V; At, approximately +0.3 V). Bromination often leads to higher oxidation states than iodination but lower or equal oxidation states to chlorination. Bromine tends to react with compounds including M–M, M–H, or M–C bonds to form M–Br bonds.

Organobromine chemistry
Organobromine chemistry is the study of the synthesis and properties of organobromine compounds, also called organobromides, which are organic compounds that contain carbon bonded to bromine. The most pervasive is the naturally produced bromomethane.

One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.

A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact.
2021 Newcastle Knights season
The 2021 Newcastle Knights season was the 34th in the club's history. Coached by Adam O'Brien and co-captained by Jayden Brailey, Kalyn Ponga and Daniel Saifiti, they competed in the NRL's 2021 Telstra Premiership. In July, the NRL relocated the competition to Queensland to avoid an outbreak of the Deltra variant COVID-19 virus in New South Wales. The Knights finished the regular season in 7th place (out of 16), thus reaching the finals but were knocked out after losing to the Parramatta Eels in week 1.

Daniel Saifiti
Daniel Saifiti (born 1 May 1996) is a Fiji international rugby league footballer who plays as a prop for the Dolphins in the National Rugby League.

He previously played for the Newcastle Knights in the NRL. Saifiti has also played for New South Wales in the State of Origin series.
Canonesses Regular of the Holy Sepulchre
The Canonesses Regular of the Holy Sepulchre (CRSS), or Sepulchrine Canonesses, are a Catholic female religious order first documented in 1300. They were originally the female branch of the ancient religious order of that name, the Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre. The canonesses follow the Rule of St. Augustine.

The traditional habit was black and, when in church, over the tunic the choir sisters would wear a white, sleeveless, linen rochet, on the left side of which was embroidered a red, double-barred cross. Where still used, a black veil is worn by the professed, and a white one by novices and lay sisters; the later category, however, was abolished among religious orders by order of the Holy See in the 20th century.

Religious order
A religious order is a subgroup within a larger confessional community that has members who lead a contemplative lifestyle devoted to prayer and service. Religious orders often trace their lineage from their founders and have a text describing their lifestyle called a rule of life. Such orders exist in a number of the world's religions and their denominations.
Natalie Zemon Davis
Natalie Zemon Davis, CC (November 8, 1928 – October 21, 2023) was an American-Canadian historian of the early modern period. She was the Henry Charles Lea Professor of History at Princeton University. Her work originally focused on France, but it later broadened to include other parts of Europe, North America, and the Caribbean. For example, her book, Trickster Travels (2006), views Italy, Spain, Morocco and other parts of North Africa and West Africa through the lens of Leo Africanus's pioneering geography. (By 2023, the text had appeared in six translations.) Davis' books have all been translated into other languages: twenty-two for The Return of Martin Guerre. She was the second female president of the American Historical Association (the first, Nellie Neilson, was in 1943).

Davis was awarded the Holberg International Memorial Prize and National Humanities Medal and was named Companion of the Order of Canada.

Nellie Neilson
Nellie Neilson (April 5, 1873 – May 26, 1947) was an American historian. She was the first female president of the American Historical Association and the first woman to have an article published in the American Historical Review.
Mission to Mars: My Vision for Space Exploration
Mission to Mars: My Vision for Space Exploration is a 2013 book written by retired NASA astronaut Buzz Aldrin and Leonard David. The book was released on May 7, 2013 by National Geographic Books. In the book, Aldrin outlines his plan for humans to be able to colonize Mars by the year 2035. The books goes over a number of past and then current space concepts, policy, and future mission concepts. He encouraged future missions to not focus on strictly on Mars exploration, but also on Mars settlement.

The books goes beyond just Mars missions to review the overall space exploration vision-scape, such as considering the viability of Lunar missions and international cooperation in space.

National Geographic released a video trailer for the book.

Exploration of Mars
The planet Mars has been explored remotely by spacecraft. Probes sent from Earth, beginning in the late 20th century, have yielded a large increase in knowledge about the Martian system, focused primarily on understanding its geology and habitability potential. Engineering interplanetary journeys is complicated and the exploration of Mars has experienced a high failure rate, especially the early attempts. Roughly sixty percent of all spacecraft destined for Mars failed before completing their missions, with some failing before their observations could begin. Some missions have been met with unexpected success, such as the twin Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, which operated for years beyond their specification.
Paul Davidoff
Paul Davidoff (February 14, 1930 – December 27, 1984) was an American planner, planning educator, and planning theoretician who conceptualized "advocacy planning" with his wife, Linda Stone Davidoff. In legal scholarship, he is known as the primary litigant in the Mount Laurel decision, which established a state-constitutional basis for inclusionary zoning in New Jersey, a doctrine which has been accepted in other United States jurisdictions. Davidoff founded the Suburban Action Institute and the urban planning department at Hunter College, and also taught at the University of Pennsylvania and Princeton University during his career.

Douglas Massey
Douglas Steven Massey (born October 5, 1952) is an American sociologist. Massey is currently a professor of sociology at the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University and is an adjunct professor of sociology at the University of Pennsylvania.

Massey specializes in the sociology of immigration, and has written on the effect of residential segregation on the black underclass in the United States.
He has been president of the Population Association of America, the American Sociological Association and the American Academy of Political and Social Science. He is a co-editor of the Annual Review of Sociology.
Pegz
Tirren Staaf, otherwise known as Pegz (or Pegasus), is an Australian hip hop artist and producer hailing from Melbourne, Victoria.  He was the CEO of Obese Records —the record label responsible for artists such as Hilltop Hoods, Downsyde, and Bias B.

Downsyde
Downsyde is an Australian hip-hop group from Perth, Western Australia. The group is composed of three members, Optamus, Dazastah and Dyna-Mikes.

The group has performed alongside groups including Jurassic 5, Cypress Hill, Grandmaster Flash, The Black Eyed Peas, and The Roots. They also performed with Australian acts like Hilltop Hoods, Resin Dogs, and Koolism. The band has also performed at a number of festivals, including Big Day Out, Splendour in the Grass, Rock-It, Falls Festival, Homebake, Good Vibrations and the Southbound Festival.
Mount Bursik
Mount Bursik (79°43′S 84°23′W﻿ / ﻿79.717°S 84.383°W﻿ / -79.717; -84.383) is the central peak, 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) high, of the Soholt Peaks, in the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from ground surveys and from U.S. Navy air photos, 1961–66, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Captain Vlada D. Bursik, U.S. Navy, Deputy Commander, U.S. Navy Support Force, Antarctica, during Operation Deep Freeze 1966.

Ellsworth Mountains
The Ellsworth Mountains are the highest mountain ranges in Antarctica, forming a 350 km (217 mi) long and 48 km (30 mi) wide chain of mountains in a north to south configuration on the western margin of the Ronne Ice Shelf in Marie Byrd Land. They are bisected by Minnesota Glacier to form the Sentinel Range to the north and the Heritage Range to the south. The former is by far the higher and more spectacular with Mount Vinson (4,892 meters (16,050 ft)) constituting the highest point on the continent. The mountains are located within the Chilean Antarctic territorial claim but outside of the Argentinian and British ones.