hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012 Football League play-offs
The Football League play-offs for the 2011–12 season (referred to as the npower Football League Play-Offs for sponsorship reasons) were held in May 2012. All finals took place at Wembley Stadium in London.

The play-off semi-finals were played over two legs, contested by the teams who finished in 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th place in the Football League Championship and League One and the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th-placed teams in the League Two table. The winners of the semi-finals went through to the finals, with the winner of the final gaining promotion for the following season.

The semi-final matches were played from 3 to 17 May 2012. The finals were held between 19 and 27 May 2012.

2011–12 Football League One
The 2011–12 Football League One (referred to as the Npower Football League One for sponsorship reasons) was the eighth season of the league under its current title and nineteenth season under its current league division format.
Copper Peak (Washington)
Copper Peak is an 8,965-foot (2,733-metre) mountain summit located in the Entiat Mountains, a sub-range of the North Cascades, in Chelan County of Washington state. Copper Peak is situated 80 miles northeast of Seattle in the Glacier Peak Wilderness, on land managed by the Wenatchee National Forest. Copper Peak ranks 21st-highest on Washington's highest 100 peaks, and 19th on the "Bulger List." The nearest higher neighbor is Mount Fernow, 0.88 miles (1.42 km) to the south. Precipitation runoff from the mountain and meltwater from the glacier on the southeast slope drains into nearby Lake Chelan via Railroad Creek. The first ascent of the peak was made in August 1937 by Franklin Bennet, Edgar Courtwright, and Toivo Hagman. The peak's toponym refers to an abandoned copper mine that once operated at the northeast base of the peak.

Chelan County, Washington
Chelan County (/ʃəˈlæn/, shə-LAN) is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 79,074. The county seat and largest city is Wenatchee. The county was created out of Okanogan and Kittitas Counties on March 13, 1899. It derives its name from a Chelan Indian word meaning "deep water," likely a reference to 55-mile (89 km)-long Lake Chelan, which reaches a maximum depth of 1,486 feet (453 m).

Chelan County is part of the Wenatchee, Washington, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Baltupis
The Baltupis is a river of  Kėdainiai district municipality, Kaunas County, central Lithuania. It flows for 4.8 kilometres and has a basin area of 2.7 km². It is a tributary of the Nevėžis River. The Baltupis goes on the edge between Sirutiškis village and the northern limit of Kėdainiai (Babėnai).

The name Baltupis means 'white river' in Lithuainian.

Nevėžis
The Nevėžis (/nɪˈvɛʒɪs, nɛ-/; Lithuanian: [nʲɛˈvʲěːʑɪs] ⓘ) is the sixth longest river in Lithuania and one of the main tributaries of the Nemunas. The 209 km (130 mi) long Nevėžis flows entirely within Lithuania. Among the rivers that flow exclusively within Lithuania's borders, the Nevėžis is the second longest, after the Šventoji. Its source is in the Anykščiai District Municipality. The river first flows in a northwesterly direction, but at Panevėžys it turns southwest, and passing Kėdainiai, flows into the Neman just west of Kaunas near Raudondvaris.
Elm-Asse
Elm-Asse is a Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Wolfenbüttel, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It was named after the hill ranges Elm and Asse. Its seat is in the town Schöppenstedt. It was formed on 1 January 2015 by the merger of the former Samtgemeinden Asse and Schöppenstedt.

The Samtgemeinde Elm-Asse consists of the following municipalities:

52°8′N 10°47′E﻿ / ﻿52.133°N 10.783°E﻿ / 52.133; 10.783

Samtgemeinde
A Samtgemeinde (German pronunciation: ['zamtgəˌmaɪndə] ⓘ, lit. 'collective municipality'; plural: Samtgemeinden) is a type of administrative division in Lower Saxony, Germany. Samtgemeinden are local government associations of municipalities, equivalent to the Ämter in Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, and Brandenburg, and the Verbandsgemeinden in Rhineland-Palatinate.
Bharat Ka Veer Putra – Maharana Pratap
Bharat Ka Veer Putra – Maharana Pratap (transl.  Brave Son of India – Maharana Pratap) is an Indian historical fiction series produced by Contiloe Entertainment. It is based on the life of Maharana Pratap, a sixteenth century ruler of Mewar kingdom. It starred Sharad Malhotra, Rachana Parulkar, Faisal Khan and Roshni Walia.

The series premiered on 27 May 2013. Amitabh Bachchan narrated the introductory part of the series in the first episode tracing the background of the Mewar family and their resistance to Foreign Invasions.

The series received positive reviews and won numerous awards and nominations. The final episode of the series aired on 10 December 2015.

Chundawat
Chundawat is a clan and were powerful chiefs in the Mewar region during the 1700s. They are the descendants of the 15th-century Mewari prince Chunda Sisodia, the eldest son of Rana Lakha. Having surrendered his right to the throne to his younger brother Mokal Singh, Chunda gained for his descendants the right to advise the reigning Rana on matters of State as well as an exalted position on the royal council.
Backcountry Super Cubs Supercruiser
The Backcountry Super Cubs Supercruiser is an American amateur-built aircraft, designed and produced by Backcountry Super Cubs of Douglas, Wyoming. The aircraft is based upon the design of the Piper PA-12 Super Cruiser and is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Backcountry Super Cubs
Backcountry Super Cubs LLC is an American aircraft manufacturer based in Douglas, Wyoming. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of bush aircraft in the form of kits for amateur construction.
Al Día (Costa Rica)
Al Día was a sport newspaper published in Costa Rica. The paper was part of La Nación Media Group, which also owns La Nacion. Al Día was a national newspaper and had several regional editions. The paper ceased publication on 30 November 2014.

La Nación (Costa Rica)
La Nación is a Costa Rican newspaper. It is published in San José, Costa Rica. The newspaper is a general purpose newspaper, and circulates daily all year long, except on three Costa Rican holidays, Good Friday and the following Saturday, and the day after the New Year's Day.
Run (cards)
A run, straight or sequence is a combination of playing cards where cards have consecutive rank values. The cards do not normally need to be in one type of suit. However, if they are, this is referred to as a suit sequence. Some games, such as cribbage, specify that an ace counts as one ("ace low"); others, such as spades, specify that an ace counts above a King ("ace high"); yet others, such as poker, allow an ace to count either high or low.

Runs are one of the two types of meld that may be used in games where melding is part of the play; the other being a set or group, such as a pair or triplet.

A natural sequence, as opposed to one that is wild, is one that consists purely of 'natural cards', without any wild cards such as jokers or deuces.

Joker (playing card)
The Joker is a playing card found in most modern French-suited card decks, as an addition to the standard four suits (Clubs, Diamonds, Hearts, and Spades). Since the second half of the 20th century, they have also been found in Spanish- and Italian-suited decks, excluding stripped decks.

The Joker originated in the United States during the Civil War, and was created as a trump card for the game of Euchre. It has since been adopted into many other card games, where it often acts as a wild card, but may have other functions such as the top trump, a skip card (forcing another player to miss a turn), the lowest-ranking card, the highest-value card, or a card of a different value from the rest of the pack (see e.g. Zwicker which has six Jokers with this function).

By contrast, a wild card is any card that may be used to represent another card or cards – it does not need to be a Joker.
HD 224018
HD 224018 is a high-proper-motion G5 V type star. It has surface temperature of 5,784±60 K. HD 224018 has a yellow hue and is not visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 9.715±0.005. Based upon parallax measurements, it is located 347 light-years (106 parsecs) in distance from the Sun. The object is drifting towards the Sun with a radial velocity of −62.75±0.17 km/s.

G-type main-sequence star
A G-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence star of spectral type G. The spectral luminosity class is V.  Such a star has about 0.9 to 1.1 solar masses and an effective temperature between about 5,300 and 6,000 K (5,000 and 5,700 °C; 9,100 and 10,000 °F).  Like other main-sequence stars, a G-type main-sequence star converts the element hydrogen to helium in its core by means of nuclear fusion.

The Sun is an example of a G-type main-sequence star (more specifically a G2V star). Each second, the Sun fuses approximately 600 million tons of hydrogen into helium in a process known as the proton–proton chain (4 hydrogens form 1 helium), converting about 4 million tons of matter to energy. Besides the Sun, other well-known examples of G-type main-sequence stars include Alpha Centauri, Tau Ceti, and 51 Pegasi.
1991 Tour of Britain
The 1991 Tour of Britain was the fifth edition of the Kellogg's Tour of Britain cycle race and was held from 6 August to 10 August 1991. The race started in Windsor and finished in Leeds. The race was won by Phil Anderson of the Motorola team.

Tour of Britain
The Tour of Britain is a multi-stage cycling race, conducted on British roads, in which participants race across Great Britain to complete the race in the fastest time.

The event dates back to the first British stage races held just after the Second World War. Since then, various different events have been described as the Tour of Britain, including the Milk Race, the Kellogg's Tour of Britain and the PruTour.

The most recent version of the Tour of Britain began in 2004 as part of the UCI Europe Tour. From 2014, the race was rated 2.HC by the UCI. The race became part of the new UCI ProSeries in 2020.
Karonga War
The name Karonga War  is given to a number of armed clashes that took place between mid-1887 and mid-1889 near Karonga at the northern end of Lake Malawi in what is now Malawi between a Scottish trading concern called the African Lakes Company Limited and elements of the Ngonde people on one side and Swahili traders and their Henga allies on the other. In the 19th century, it was referred to as the “Arab War”, despite few actual Arabs being involved. Although these conflicts predate formal endorsement of a British Central Africa Protectorate west of Lake Malawi in 1891, European involvement, both by the African Lakes Company and by Germans attempting to prevent Swahili slave trading around Lake Tanganyika in German East Africa, had upset the previous balance between the Ngonde and their neighbours and created the conditions for this conflict. It was between the Tumbuka and Nyakyusa-Ngonde ethnic groups.

Lake Malawi
Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, (Swahili: Ziwa Nyasa) is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African Rift system, located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.

It is the fourth largest freshwater lake in the world by volume, the ninth largest lake in the world by area and the third largest and second deepest lake in Africa. Lake Malawi is home to more species of fish than any other lake in the world, including at least 700 species of cichlids. The Mozambique portion of the lake was officially declared a reserve by the Government of Mozambique on June 10, 2011, while in Malawi a portion of the lake is included in Lake Malawi National Park.

Lake Malawi is a meromictic lake, meaning that its water layers do not mix. The permanent stratification of Lake Malawi's water and the oxic-anoxic boundary are maintained by moderately small chemical and thermal gradients.
Section 17 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 17 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is one of the provisions of the Charter that addresses rights relating to Canada's two official languages, English and French.  While the section 17 right to use either language within the Parliament of Canada repeats a right already anchored in section 133 of the Constitution Act, 1867, section 17 also guarantees the right to use both languages in the legislature of New Brunswick, the only officially bilingual province under section 16 of the Charter.

Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
The Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick (French: Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the deliberative assembly of the New Brunswick Legislature, in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The assembly's seat is located in Fredericton. It was established in Saint John de jure when the colony was created in 1784 but came into session only in 1786, following the first elections in late 1785. The legislative assembly was originally the lower house in a bicameral legislature. Its upper house counterpart, the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, was abolished in 1891.  Its members are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly", commonly referred to as "MLAs".
9,10-Dihydro-LSD
9,10-Dihydro-LSD, or 9,10-DH-LSD, also known simply as dihydro-LSD (DH-LSD) or as 9,10-dihydrolysergic acid diethylamide, is a non-hallucinogenic serotonin receptor modulator of the lysergamide family related to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It is the analogue of LSD in which the 9,10- double bond in the D ring of the ergoline ring system has been hydrogenated.

Potency (pharmacology)
In pharmacology, potency or biological potency is a measure of a drug's biological activity expressed in terms of the dose required to produce a pharmacological effect of given intensity. A highly potent drug (e.g., fentanyl, clonazepam, risperidone, benperidol, bumetanide) evokes a given response at low concentrations, while a drug of lower potency (e.g. morphine, diazepam, ziprasidone, haloperidol, furosemide) evokes the same response only at higher concentrations. Higher potency does not necessarily mean greater effectiveness nor more side effects nor less side effects.
1999 Texas Rangers season
The 1999 Texas Rangers season was the 39th of the Texas Rangers franchise overall, their 28th in Arlington as the Rangers, and their 6th season at The Ballpark in Arlington. The Rangers finished first in the American League West with a record of 95 wins and 67 losses, registering the best winning percentage (.586) in franchise history until 2011.

Winning their third division title in four years, the Rangers repeated their 1998 postseason performance, again being swept by the New York Yankees in three games.  This was the Rangers' last postseason appearance until 2010.

1998 Texas Rangers season
The 1998 Texas Rangers season involved the Rangers finishing first in the American League West with a record of 88 wins and 74 losses. It was the team's second post-season appearance, the first having been in 1996, but the team was eliminated in a three-game sweep by the New York Yankees in the Division Series.
Promontorium Agassiz
Promontorium Agassiz is a mountainous cape situated on the northeast margin of Mare Imbrium on the near side of the Moon.  Its selenographic coordinates are 42.4° N, 1.77° E.  It is located south of Promontorium Deville and Mons Blanc, northeast of Mons Piton, and northwest of Cassini crater.

Promontorium Agassiz is named after Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz, a Swiss zoologist and geologist. The name of the feature was approved by the IAU in 1935.

Mont Blanc (Moon)
Mont Blanc is a mountain in the Montes Alpes range on the Moon. It is located on the western edge of the range, near the shore of Mare Imbrium, at 45°29′N 0°25′E﻿ / ﻿45.48°N 0.42°E﻿ / 45.48; 0.42. Its width is about 25 kilometers; the height is 3.7–3.8 km above adjacent plains of Mare Imbrium and 1.12 km above lunar level of zero elevation (a sphere with radius 1737.4 km).

The name of Mont Blanc, the highest mountain of terrestrial Alps, was proposed for this mountain by Johann Hieronymus Schröter. It was approved by International Astronomical Union in 1935. It is the only summit of Montes Alpes with proper name and the only extraterrestrial mountain, whose international name contains French word "Mont" instead of Latin "Mons".

Despite statements that lunar Mont Blanc, like terrestrial one, is a highest mountain of its Alps, measurements of Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter show that it is only third, being 600 meters lower than the highest one and about 100 m lower than the second.
XML Events
In computer science and web development, XML Events is a W3C standard for handling events that occur in an XML document. These events are typically caused by users interacting with the web page using a device, such as a web browser on a personal computer or mobile phone.

XForms
XForms is an XML format used for collecting inputs from web forms. XForms was designed to be the next generation of HTML / XHTML forms, but is generic enough that it can also be used in a standalone manner or with presentation languages other than XHTML to describe a user interface and a set of common data manipulation tasks.

XForms 1.0 (Third Edition) was published on 29 October 2007. The original XForms specification became an official W3C Recommendation on 14 October 2003, while XForms 1.1, which introduced a number of improvements, reached the same status on 20 October 2009.
Exonuclease VII
The enzyme exodeoxyribonuclease VII (EC 3.1.11.6, Escherichia coli exonuclease VII, E. coli exonuclease VII, endodeoxyribonuclease VII, exodeoxyribonuclease VII) is a bacterial exonuclease enzyme. It is composed of two nonidentical subunits; one large subunit and 4 small ones. that catalyses exonucleolytic cleavage in either 5′- to 3′- or 3′- to 5′-direction to yield nucleoside 5′-phosphates. The large subunit also contains an N-terminal OB-fold domain that binds to nucleic acids.

The widely used quinolone antibiotics induce DNA damage in bacterial cells by trapping DNA gyrase (an essential type II topoisomerase), leading to blocked gyrase cleavage complexes.  Exonuclease VII participates in repairing such DNA damage by resolving the trapped cleavage complexes.

When Escherichia coli bacteria recA mutants are UV-irradiated,  “reckless” DNA degradation occurs that involves exonuclease VII.

Protein domain
In molecular biology, a protein domain is a region of a protein's polypeptide chain that is self-stabilizing and that folds independently from the rest. Each domain forms a compact folded three-dimensional structure. Many proteins consist of several domains, and a domain may appear in a variety of different proteins. Molecular evolution uses domains as building blocks and these may be recombined in different arrangements to create proteins with different functions. In general, domains vary in length from between about 50 amino acids up to 250 amino acids in length. The shortest domains, such as zinc fingers, are stabilized by metal ions or disulfide bridges. Domains often form functional units, such as the calcium-binding EF hand domain of calmodulin. Because they are independently stable, domains can be "swapped" by genetic engineering between one protein and another to make chimeric proteins.
Bahrain–Portugal relations
Foreign relations were established between Bahrain and Portugal on 10 June 1976. Portugal maintains an honorary consulate in Mahazza, Bahrain.

Portugal has a non-resident Ambassador in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) accredited to Bahrain.

Qal'at al-Bahrain
The Qal'at al-Bahrain (Arabic: قلعة البحرين; Portuguese: Forte de Barém), also known as the Bahrain Fort or Portuguese Fort, is an archaeological site located in Bahrain. Archaeological excavations carried out since 1954 have unearthed antiquities from an artificial mound of 12 m (39 ft) height containing seven stratified layers, created by various occupants from 2300 BC up to the 18th century, including Kassites, Greeks, Portuguese and Persians, making it the oldest fortification in the Persian Gulf region. It was once the capital of the Dilmun civilization and was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005.
Münchwald
Münchwald is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Rüdesheim, whose seat is in the municipality of Rüdesheim an der Nahe. Münchwald is a state-recognized tourism community (Fremdenverkehrsort), and with a founding date going back only as far as the time around 1700, it is also one of the district's newest municipalities.

Gebroth
Gebroth is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Rüdesheim, whose seat is in the municipality of Rüdesheim an der Nahe. Gebroth is a state-recognized tourism community and a member of the Soonwald-Nahe Nature Park sponsorship association.
Military ranks of Tajikistan
The Military ranks of Tajikistan are the military insignia used by the Armed Forces of the Republic of Tajikistan. Being a former member of Soviet Union, Tajikistan shares a rank structure similar to that of Russia. Tajikistan is a landlocked country, and does therefore not possess a navy.

Tajikistani Armed Forces
The Tajikistani Armed Forces, officially known as the Republic of Tajikistan Armed Forces, is the national military of the Republic of Tajikistan. It consists of Ground Forces, Mobile Forces, and the Air Force, with closely affiliated forces including the national guard, border and internal troops.
I (Meshuggah EP)
I is the fifth EP by Swedish extreme metal band Meshuggah. It was released on 13 July 2004 via Fractured Transmitter Recording Company. A remastered reissue was released on 30 September 2014.

The "Special Edition" adds "Bleed" and "Dancers to a Discordant System" live from The Ophidian Trek and Pitch Black.

The Ophidian Trek
The Ophidian Trek is the second live album by Swedish extreme metal band Meshuggah and directed by Anthony Dubois. Recordings were compiled from various locations in Europe and the US in 2013 and Wacken Open Air 2013.
Corsewall Lighthouse
Corsewall Lighthouse is a lighthouse at Corsewall Point, Kirkcolm near Stranraer in the region of Dumfries and Galloway in Scotland. First lit in 1817, it overlooks the North Channel of the Irish Sea.

Corsewall is defined as the place or well of the Cross.

Corsewall Point
Corsewall Point, or Corsill Point, is the headland at the northwestern end of the Rhins of Galloway, in Dumfries and Galloway, west of  Scotland.

Corsewall Point is the southeasterly boundary point between the Firth of Clyde and the North Channel, with the southerly tip of the Kintyre Peninsula the northwest point. The North Channel is customarily  considered as part of the Irish Sea.
Slavery during the American Civil War
Slavery played the central role during the American Civil War. The primary catalyst for secession was slavery, especially Southern political leaders' resistance to attempts by Northern antislavery political forces to block the expansion of slavery into the western territories. Slave life went through great changes, as the Southern United States saw Union Armies take control of broad areas of land. During and before the war, enslaved people played an active role in their own emancipation, and thousands of enslaved people escaped from bondage during the war.

Confiscation Act of 1862
The Confiscation Act of 1862, or Second Confiscation Act, was a law passed by the United States Congress during the American Civil War. This statute was followed by the Emancipation Proclamation, which President Abraham Lincoln issued "in his joint capacity as President and Commander-in-Chief".