hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
DNA replication stress
DNA replication stress refers to the state of a cell whose genome is exposed to various stresses. The events that contribute to replication stress occur during DNA replication, and can result in a stalled replication fork.

There are many events that contribute to replication stress, including:

Misincorporation of ribonucleotides

Unusual DNA structures

Conflicts between replication and transcription

Insufficiency of essential replication factors

Common fragile sites

Overexpression or constitutive activation of oncogenes

Chromatin inaccessibility

ATM and ATR are proteins that help to alleviate replication stress. Specifically, they are kinases that are recruited and activated by DNA damage. The stalled replication fork can collapse if these regulatory proteins fail to stabilize it. When this occurs, reassembly of the fork is initiated in order to repair the damaged DNA end.

Crosslinking of DNA
In genetics, crosslinking of DNA occurs when various exogenous or endogenous agents react with two nucleotides of DNA, forming a covalent linkage between them. This crosslink can occur within the same strand (intrastrand) or between opposite strands of double-stranded DNA (interstrand). These adducts interfere with cellular metabolism, such as DNA replication and transcription, triggering cell death. These crosslinks can, however, be repaired through excision or recombination pathways.

DNA crosslinking also has useful merit in chemotherapy and targeting cancerous cells for apoptosis, as well as in understanding how proteins interact with DNA.
Microsoft Visio
Microsoft Visio (/ˈvɪz.i.oʊ/, VIZ-ee-oh), formerly Microsoft Office Visio, is a diagramming and vector graphics application and is part of the Microsoft 365 Business. The product was first introduced in 1992 by former American software company Visio Corporation, and its latest version is Visio 2024. Microsoft acquired the assets of Visio Corporation in 2000 and thus also inherited the licensing agreements for the Visio application. A lightweight version of Visio is now included with all commercial SKU of Microsoft 365 and is known as Visio in Microsoft 365. It has two other subscription based SKUs. Visio Plan 1 includes the Visio web app whereas Visio Plan 2 provides access to both the web app and the Desktop application.

Flowchart
A flowchart is a type of diagram that represents a workflow or process. A flowchart can also be defined as a diagrammatic representation of an algorithm, a step-by-step approach to solving a task.

The flowchart shows the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting the boxes with arrows. This diagrammatic representation illustrates a solution model to a given problem. Flowcharts are used in analyzing, designing, documenting or managing a process or program in various fields.
That's Not My Name
"That's Not My Name" is a song by British musical duo the Ting Tings, released as their debut single. The song was originally issued as a double A-side with "Great DJ" by independent record label Switchflicker Records on 28 May 2007. After heavy promotion from BBC Radio 1 and the NME, the single was re-released individually on 12 May 2008 on Columbia Records. It was later included on their first studio album, We Started Nothing (2008).

Following the Columbia re-release, "That's Not My Name" debuted atop the UK Singles Chart. The song was a sleeper hit in North America, peaking within the top 40 of the charts in the United States in August 2009. The single has sold over a million digital copies.

Mickey (Toni Basil song)
"Mickey" (also titled "Hey Mickey"; originally titled as "Kitty") is a song recorded by American singer Toni Basil for her debut studio album, Word of Mouth (1981). It was first recorded by the pop group Racey, titled "Kitty". Mike Chapman and Nicky Chinn wrote the song, while production was helmed by Greg Mathieson and Trevor Veitch. Basil's version is new wave, featuring guitar, synthesizers and cheerleading chants.
Tuklęcz
Tuklęcz [ˈtuklɛnt͡ʂ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rytwiany, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-west of Rytwiany, 7 km (4 mi) south of Staszów, and 58 km (36 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Rytwiany
Rytwiany [rɨtˈfjanɨ] is a village in Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Rytwiany. It lies on the Czarna Staszowska river, approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Staszów and 58 km (36 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.
1997 Argentine Grand Prix
The 1997 Argentine Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Autódromo Oscar Alfredo Gálvez in Buenos Aires, Argentina on 13 April 1997. It was the third race of the 1997 Formula One World Championship, and the 600th World Championship Grand Prix.

The 72-lap race was won from pole position by Jacques Villeneuve, driving a Williams-Renault. Eddie Irvine finished second in a Ferrari, while Ralf Schumacher, in only his third F1 race, finished third in a Jordan-Peugeot.

Autódromo Oscar y Juan Gálvez
The Autódromo de Buenos Aires Oscar y Juan Gálvez is a 45,000 capacity motor racing circuit in Buenos Aires, Argentina built in 1952 under president Juan Perón, named Autódromo 17 de Octubre after the date of Loyalty Day until Perón's overthrow. It was later renamed after Argentinian racing driver brothers, Juan Gálvez (1916–1963) and Oscar Alfredo Gálvez (1913–1989).
Operation Save America
Operation Save America (formerly Operation Rescue National) is a fundamentalist Christian conservative organization based in Concord, North Carolina, a suburb of Charlotte, that opposes human induced abortion and its legality, Islam, and homosexuality. In 1994, Flip Benham became the director of the organization, then called Operation Rescue National. Benham replaced Keith Tucci, who had replaced Randall Terry.  Terry, Tucci and Benham have all been convicted of crimes related to their protest activities.  Rusty Thomas became the national director after Flip Benham stepped down.

Jason Storms is the national director as of 2025.

Concord, North Carolina
Concord (/ˌkɒnˈkɔːrd/ kon-KORD) is the most populous city in Cabarrus County, North Carolina, United States, and its county seat. The city had a population of 105,240 at the 2020 census. Concord is the second-most populous city in the Charlotte metropolitan area, tenth-most populous city in North Carolina and 287th-most populous city in the U.S.

The city was a winner of the All-America City Award in 2004. Located near the center of Cabarrus County in the Piedmont region, it is 20 miles (32 km) northeast of Uptown Charlotte. Concord is the home to some of North Carolina's top tourist destinations, including NASCAR's Charlotte Motor Speedway and Concord Mills.
Maxim Rudometkin
Maxim Gavrilovich Rudometkin (also Rudomyotkin; Russian: Максим Гаврилович Рудомёткин; c. 1818 – last seen in 1877) was the leader of the Spiritual Christian Molokan Jumpers Pryguny (Russian: Прыгуны : Jumpers, Leapers) in Erivan Governorate, Imperial Russia. Later his followers were called Maksimisty.

In 1928, in Los Angeles, his writings were collectively published with four other Spiritual Christians from Russia as a Russian religious text titled Kniga solntse, dukh i zhizn (Book of the Sun, Spirit and Life), placed next to the Russian Synodal Bible on the altar table of the majority of all Molokan Jumper congregations.

South Caucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia, or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia.
54 Air-Sea Rescue Marine Craft Unit RAF
54 Air-Sea Rescue Marine Craft Unit was a Royal Air Force Air-Sea Rescue Unit based on the Isle of Man which operated watercraft in support of RAF operations. The unit was active from the outbreak of the Second World War until the 1960s and consisted of RAF rescue launches being based around the Island at its principle ports; Douglas, Castletown, Peel and Ramsey.

Royal Air Force Marine Branch
The Marine Branch (1918–1986) was a branch of the Royal Air Force (RAF) which operated watercraft in support of RAF operations. Just days after the creation of the RAF itself, the Marine Craft Section (MCS) was created with the transfer of Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) vessels and personnel to the new service. Originally tasked with the support of RNAS, and later RAF, seaplanes, Marine Craft Section was to achieve its greatest size during the Second World War, and achieved fame for its role in air-sea rescue operations. After the war MCS was granted full branch status on 11 December 1947;  however, post-war the role of the new branch became greatly reduced with the end of the British Empire, the withdrawal of flying boats from service, and the increasing use of helicopters in air-sea rescue. The branch was disestablished on 8 January 1986.
Aedui
The Aedui or Haedui (Gaulish: *Aiduoi, 'the Ardent'; Ancient Greek: Aἴδουοι) were a Gallic tribe dwelling in what is now the region of Burgundy during the Iron Age and the Roman period.

The Aedui had an ambiguous relationship with the Roman Republic, as well as other Gallic tribes. In 121 BC, they appealed to Rome against the Arverni and Allobroges. During the Gallic Wars (58–50 BC), they gave valuable though not whole-hearted support to Caesar, before eventually giving lukewarm support to Vercingetorix in 52. Although they were involved in the revolts of Iulius Sacrovir in 21 AD and Vindex in 68 AD, their aristocracy became highly Romanized under the Empire.

Oppidum
An oppidum (pl.: oppida) is a large fortified Iron Age settlement or town. Oppida are primarily associated with the Celtic late La Tène culture, emerging during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, spread across Europe, stretching from Britain and Iberia in the west to the edge of the Hungarian Plain in the east. These settlements continued to be used until the Romans conquered Southern and Western Europe. Many subsequently became Roman-era towns and cities, whilst others were abandoned. In regions north of the rivers Danube and Rhine, such as most of Germania, where the populations remained independent from Rome, oppida continued to be used into the 1st century AD.
Taenioptynx
Taenioptynx is a genus of typical owls, or true owls, in the family Strigidae, that inhabits Asia.

The collared owlet and the Sunda owlet were formerly included in the genus Glaucidium. They were moved to the resurrected genus Taenioptynx based on a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2019. The genus Taenioptynx had been introduced by the German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1848 with the collared owlet as the type species. The genus name combines the Ancient Greek tainia meaning "band" or "stripe" with ptunx meaning "owl".

Its members are:

Sunda owlet
The Sunda owlet (Taenioptynx sylvaticus) is a small owl from Borneo and Sumatra.

This species was formerly treated as a subspecies of the collared owlet (Taenioptynx brodiei). It was promoted to a separate species based largely on the basis of a difference in vocalisation.

There are two subspecies:

T. s. sylvaticus (Bonaparte, 1850) - montane Sumatra

T. s. borneensis (Sharpe, 1893) - montane Borneo
Burkholderiaceae
The Burkholderiaceae are a family of bacteria included in the order Burkholderiales. It includes some pathogenic species, such as Burkholderia mallei (glanders) and Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis). This family was found to be enriched in scale-eating pupfish (Cyprinodon desquamator) guts, even after being fed a common laboratory diet, suggesting it may aid in scale-digestion (Heras and Martin 2022).

Burkholderia mallei
Burkholderia mallei is a Gram-negative, bipolar or variable Gram staining, , aerobic bacterium, a human and animal pathogen of genus Burkholderia causing glanders; the Latin name of this disease (malleus) gave its name to the species causing it. It is closely related to B. pseudomallei, and by multilocus sequence typing it is a subspecies of B. pseudomallei. B. mallei evolved from B. pseudomallei by selective reduction and deletions from the B. pseudomallei genome.  Unlike B. pseudomallei and other genus members, B. mallei is nonmotile; its shape is coccobacillary measuring some 1.5–3.0 μm in length and 0.5–1.0 μm in diameter with rounded ends.
Warren Coats
Warren L. Coats Jr. (born May 19, 1942), is an economist specializing in monetary policy. He retired from the International Monetary Fund in May 2003 to join the board of directors of the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority. He is president of Economic Consulting, providing technical assistance to central banks, and until recently was adviser to the central banks of Afghanistan (for the IMF) and Kazakhstan (for the government of Kazakhstan).

Mont Pelerin Society
The Mont Pelerin Society (MPS), founded in 1947, is an international academic society of economists, political philosophers, and other intellectuals who share a classical liberal outlook. It is headquartered at Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Texas, United States. The society advocates freedom of expression, free market economic policies, and an open society. Further, the society seeks to discover ways in which the private sector can replace many functions currently provided by government entities.
Mickey Finn's T-Rex
Mickey Finn's T-Rex are a band formed in 1997 by former T. Rex members Mickey Finn, Jack Green, and drummer Paul Fenton. They have been regularly touring worldwide since their formation, despite Finn's death in 2003.

Smokie (band)
Smokie (originally spelt Smokey) are an English rock band from Bradford, Yorkshire. The band found success at home and abroad after teaming up with Mike Chapman and Nicky Chinn. They have had a number of lineup changes and were still actively touring in 2024. Their most popular hit single, "Living Next Door to Alice", peaked at No. 3 on the UK Singles Chart and, in March 1977, reached No. 25 on the Billboard Hot 100, as well as going to No. 1 on the Australian singles chart. Other hit singles include "If You Think You Know How to Love Me", "Oh Carol", "Lay Back in the Arms of Someone", and "I'll Meet You at Midnight".
Kouspades
Kouspades (Greek: Κουσπάδες) is a village and a community in the southern part of the island of Corfu, Greece.  It is part of the municipal unit of Korissia. The community includes the beach village Boukaris. Kouspades is located south of the city of Corfu. It is situated in low hills near the coast.

Corfu (city)
Corfu (/kɔːrˈf(j)uː/, also US: /ˈkɔːrf(j)uː/) or Kerkyra (Greek: Κέρκυρα, romanized: Kérkyra, pronounced [ˈcercira] ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Κόρκυρα, romanized: Kórkyra, pronounced [kórkyra]; Medieval Greek: Κορυφώ, romanized: Koryfó; Italian: Corfù; Latin: Corcyra) is a city and a former municipality on the island of Corfu, Ionian Islands, Greece. Since the 2019 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Central Corfu and Diapontian Islands. It is the capital of the municipality and of the Corfu regional unit. The city also serves as a capital for the region of the Ionian Islands. The city (with a population of 23,541 residents, while the whole island has a population of 101,600 residents) is a major tourist attraction and Greek regional centre and has played an important role in Greek history since antiquity.
Bourdeau
Bourdeau (French pronunciation: [buʁdo]; Arpitan: Bordyô) is a commune situated in the Savoie department and in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, in south-eastern France. It is part of the urban area of Chambéry.

Chambéry
Chambéry (UK: /ˈʃɒ̃bəri/, US: /ˌʃɒ̃beɪˈriː/, French: [ʃɑ̃beʁi]; Arpitan: Chambèri; Italian: Ciamberì) is the prefecture and largest city of the Savoie department in the southeastern Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France.

The population of the commune of Chambéry was 60,251 as of 2022, while the population of the Chambéry metropolitan area was 263,919. The city is located at the foot of the French Alps between Bauges and Chartreuse mountains, and is a railway and highway crossroads.

It has been the historical capital of the Savoy region since the 13th century, when Amadeus V, Count of Savoy, made the city his seat of power. The annexation of Savoy merged the city to France in 1860. Together with other alpine towns Chambéry engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. Chambéry was awarded Alpine Town of the Year 2006.
Parliamentary constituencies in Somerset
The county of Somerset is currently divided into 7 parliamentary constituencies,
which are all county constituencies. Three seats cross the county boundary - two are shared with Avon and one with Devon.

Tiverton and Minehead
Tiverton and Minehead is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, it was first contested at the 2024 general election. Its first MP is Liberal Democrat Rachel Gilmour, who defeated Ian Liddell-Grainger, the Conservative MP for Bridgwater then Bridgwater and West Somerset from 2001 to 2024.

The constituency is named after the Devon town of Tiverton and the Somerset town of Minehead.
Smolne, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Smolne [ˈsmɔlnɛ] (German: Schmollenhagen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Będzino, within Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south-west of Będzino, 19 km (12 mi) west of Koszalin, and 120 km (75 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Będzino
Będzino [bɛnˈd͡ʑinɔ] is a village in Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Będzino. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) west of Koszalin and 128 km (80 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The area became part of the emerging Polish state under its first historic ruler Mieszko I around 967. Following the fragmentation of Poland, it formed part of the Duchy of Pomerania. From the 18th century, it formed part of Prussia. From 1871, it was part of Germany until the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II. In 1945 the area was reintegrated back into Poland.
Imidoyl chloride
Imidoyl chlorides are organic compounds that contain the functional group RC(NR')Cl.  A double bond exist between the R'N and the carbon centre.  These compounds are analogues of acyl chloride. Imidoyl chlorides tend to be highly reactive and are more commonly found as intermediates in a wide variety of synthetic procedures. Such procedures include Gattermann aldehyde synthesis, Houben-Hoesch ketone synthesis, and the Beckmann rearrangement. Their chemistry is related to that of enamines and their tautomers when the α hydrogen is next to the C=N bond.  Many chlorinated N-heterocycles are formally imidoyl chlorides, e.g. 2-chloropyridine, 2, 4, and 6-chloropyrimidines.

Acyl chloride
In organic chemistry, an acyl chloride (or acid chloride) is an organic compound with the functional group −C(=O)Cl. Their formula is usually written R−COCl, where R is a side chain.  They are reactive derivatives of carboxylic acids (R−C(=O)OH).  A specific example of an acyl chloride is acetyl chloride, CH3COCl. Acyl chlorides are the most important subset of acyl halides.
Brilliance V5
The Brilliance V5 is a compact CUV produced by Brilliance Auto under the Zhonghua brand. The Brilliance V5 was unveiled on the 2011 Guangzhou Auto Show in China with prices ranging from 109,800 to 165,800 yuan.

The vehicle gained notoriety in Western car enthusiast circles for its decidedly Shanzhai exterior design, which is heavily, if not directly, copied off BMW X1 (E84), despite Brilliance also produced genuine X1 E84 (from 2016, F49) for Chinese markets through BMW Brilliance joint venture.

BMW X1 (E84)
The E84 BMW X1 is a subcompact crossover SUV/C-segment model was produced from 2009 to 2015. It is the first generation model of the BMW X1 range, and was replaced by the F48 BMW X1 in mid-2015. When launched, it was the smallest SUV in the BMW lineup.
All Hell (Los Campesinos! album)
All Hell is the seventh studio album by Welsh indie rock band Los Campesinos!, released on 19 July 2024 via Heart Swells. It is their first album in seven years, following Sick Scenes (2017), as well as their first to not be issued by their longtime label Wichita. All Hell is promoted by four singles, "Feast of Tongues", "A Psychic Wound", "0898 Heartache", and "Kms", a US tour in June 2024, and a UK tour in September.

Sick Scenes
Sick Scenes is the sixth studio album by Welsh indie rock band Los Campesinos!. The album was released on 24 February 2017 by Wichita Recordings. The album was produced by John Goodmanson and the band's guitarist Tom Bromley at a studio in the Fridão parish of Amarante, Portugal. It is the band's first album to feature bassist Matt Fidler, who joined the group in 2014, and their final release on Wichita.
Collar (finance)
In finance, a collar is an option strategy that limits the range of possible positive or negative returns on an underlying to a specific range.  A collar strategy is used as one of the ways to hedge against possible losses and it represents long put options financed with short call options. The collar combines the strategies of the protective put and the covered call.

Covered option
A covered option is a financial transaction in which the holder of securities sells (or "writes") a type of financial options contract known as a "call" or a "put" against stock that they own or are shorting. The seller of a covered option receives compensation, or "premium", for this transaction, which can limit losses; however, the act of selling a covered option also limits their profit potential to the upside. One covered option is sold for every hundred shares the seller wishes to cover.

A covered option constructed with a call is called a "covered call", while one constructed with a put is a "covered put". This strategy is generally considered conservative because the seller of a covered option reduces both their risk and their return.
USS Cortland
USS Cortland (APA-75) was a Gilliam-class attack transport that served with the US Navy during World War II. Commissioned late in the war, she was initially assigned to transport duties and consequently did not participate in combat operations.

Cortland was named after Cortland County, New York. She was launched 18 October 1944 by Consolidated Steel at Wilmington, California, under a Maritime Commission contract; acquired by the Navy 31 December; and commissioned 1 January 1945.

Cortland County, New York
Cortland County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population of Cortland County was 46,809. The county seat is Cortland. The county is named after Pierre Van Cortlandt, president of the convention at Kingston that wrote the first New York State Constitution in 1777, and first lieutenant governor of the state. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Cortland County comprises the Cortland, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Ithaca–Cortland, NY Combined Statistical Area.

The Cortland apple is named for the county.