hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Puerto Rico Highway 114
Puerto Rico Highway 114 (PR-114) is a rural road that travels from Mayagüez to San Germán. PR-114 begins at the intersection of PR-2 and Avenida los Corazones in Mayagüez and ends at the intersection with PR-102 at the entrance to the center of San Germán. This road passes through the municipalities of Hormigueros and Cabo Rojo before coming to San Germán.

It is a fairly straight road, but is often flooded during periods of heavy rain due to poor drainage and its location near the Guanajibo River.

Silva Bridge is at kilometer 4 on Highway 114 (photographed c. 1898 during the Spanish-American War)

Puerto Rico Highway 102
Puerto Rico Highway 102 (PR-102) is a main highway in the southwestern portion of the Porta del Sol region of Puerto Rico. It begins at Puerto Rico Highway 2 north of central Mayagüez and runs through the municipalities of Cabo Rojo and San Germán, coming to an end in downtown Sabana Grande.
Michael Lieber
Michael Lieber (born 6 May 1988) is a British novelist, essayist and short story writer. Lieber's novels include The War Hero, The Boy and the Goldlock, and Helga Dune.

He has also appeared in films, his first being the 2013 biopic Ramanujan, a period drama set in 1914 about the life of mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan. Lieber played mathematician John Edensor Littlewood, starring alongside Kevin McGowan, Cloudia Swann, and Richard Walsh. When preparing to play the part, Lieber spoke to professor Béla Bollobás who had worked with Littlewood.

In 2010, Lieber starred as the over-the-hill footballer Ray Keane in the play Transfer Deadline Day at the Courtyard Theatre in London.
In 2017, he played the lead role of Mark Crowe in the psychological thriller A Room to Die For alongside Vas Blackwood.

Vas Blackwood
Vasta Roy "Vas" Blackwood (born 19 October 1962) is a British actor.

Blackwood played Lenny Henry's sidekick Winston Churchill in The Lenny Henry Show (1987) and David Sinclair in Casualty (1996–97). Since playing Rory Breaker in the hit film Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels (1998) he has had a number of film roles, including Mean Machine (2001), 9 Dead Gay Guys (2002) and Creep (2004).  In 2005 he appeared in A Bear's Tail, a spin-off of Bo' Selecta!. He also made an appearance as Lennox Gilbey in Only Fools and Horses. He also played main character Dexter in Spatz.

In 2008 he did voiceover work on the video game Fable II.

Blackwood was founder of virtual online blog Vastaman.com, which is now defunct. His cousin is the media personality Richard Blackwood.
Peyer's patch
Peyer's patches or aggregated lymphoid nodules are organized lymphoid follicles, named after the 17th-century Swiss anatomist Johann Conrad Peyer.  They are an important part of gut associated lymphoid tissue usually found in humans in the lowest portion of the small intestine, mainly in the distal jejunum and the ileum, but also could be detected in the duodenum.

Duodenum
The duodenum is the first section of the small intestine in most vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In mammals, it may be the principal site for iron absorption.
The duodenum precedes the jejunum and ileum and is the shortest part of the small intestine.

In humans, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 25–38 centimetres (10–15 inches) long connecting the stomach to the jejunum, the middle part of the small intestine. It begins with the duodenal bulb, and ends at the duodenojejunal flexure marked by the  suspensory muscle of duodenum. The duodenum can be divided into four parts: the first (superior), the second (descending), the third (transverse) and the fourth (ascending) parts.
Jean-Marius Raapoto
Jean-Marius Raapoto (1 January 1943 – 23 March 2025) was a French Polynesian educator, academic and politician who served as a Cabinet Minister. He was a major advocate for the Tahitian language, and served as Minister of Education in various governments between 2004 and 2009.

Raapoto was the son of religious leader Samuel Raapoto and the brother of linguist Turo Raapoto and journalist Etienne Raapoto.

Gaston Flosse
Gaston Flosse (born 24 June 1931) is a French Polynesian politician who has been President of French Polynesia on five separate occasions. He is currently a member of the Senate of France and has been a French junior minister under Jacques Chirac. He received sentences for corruption, which are under appeal.
Echt, Netherlands
Echt (Dutch: [ɛxt] ⓘ; Limburgish: Ech [ˈæx]) is a city in the Dutch municipality of Echt-Susteren in the province of Limburg, Netherlands. It was a municipality itself until it merged with the municipality of Susteren on 1 January 2003.

The municipality of Echt had about 19,300 inhabitants and an area of about 75,13 square km.

Juliana Canal
The Juliana Canal (Dutch: Julianakanaal [jyliˈjaːnaːkaːˌnaːl]; Limburgish: Julianakanaal [jyliˈjaːnɑkəˌnaːl]), named after Queen Juliana of the Netherlands, is a 36 km (22 mi) long canal in the southern Netherlands, providing a bypass of an unnavigable section of the river Meuse between Maastricht and Maasbracht. It is an important transport connection between the ports of the Rhine delta and the industrial areas of southern Limburg and southern Belgium.
John Carmichael (VC)
Sergeant John Carmichael VC MM (1 April 1893 – 20 December 1977) was a British Army soldier and a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Carmichael was 24 years old, and a sergeant in the 9th Battalion, The North Staffordshire Regiment (The Prince of Wales's), during the First World War when he shielded others from a grenade which he saw had been initiated. He was seriously injured by the explosion and could not walk for three years afterwards.

Military Medal
The Military Medal (MM) was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other arms of the armed forces, and to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land. The award was established in 1916, with retrospective application to 1914, and was awarded to other ranks for "acts of gallantry and devotion to duty under fire". The award was discontinued in 1993, when it was replaced by the Military Cross, which was extended to all ranks, while other Commonwealth nations instituted their own award systems in the post war period.
Laurentides Wildlife Reserve
Réserve faunique des Laurentides (transl. Laurentides Wildlife Reserve), also known by its former name of parc des Laurentides, is a wildlife reserve in Quebec, Canada, located between Quebec City and the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region. This reserve is part of the network of wildlife reserves of Quebec (Canada) managed by the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (Quebec) and the Société des établissements de plein air du Québec. It is located halfway between Saguenay and Quebec.

The territory of the reserve (7,861 square kilometres (3,035 sq mi)) has over 2000 lakes and many summits of over 1000 meters. The reserve is known by outdoor enthusiasts for hunting and fishing.

Jacques-Cartier National Park
Jacques-Cartier National Park (French: Parc national de la Jacques-Cartier, pronounced [paʁk nɑsjɔnal də la ʒak kaʁtje]) is a provincial park located 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Quebec City. The park aims to protect wildlife in the Laurentian massif. It lies within the Eastern forest-boreal transition ecoregion.
NGC 797
NGC 797 (also known as NGC 797 NED02) is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Andromeda. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 5,414±17 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 260.4 ± 18.3 Mly (79.85 ± 5.60 Mpc). However, three non-redshift measurements give a much farther mean distance of 369.64 ± 4.35 Mly (113.333 ± 1.333 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 21 September 1786.

In 1971, Fritz Zwicky and his daughter, Margrit A. Zwicky, published Catalogue of Selected Compact Galaxies and of Post-Eruptive Galaxies, which showed that NGC 797 has an elliptical compact companion galaxy at the tip of its southwest spiral arm, and catalogued the galaxy pair as CGPG 0200.4+3753. The companion galaxy is catalogued as NGC 0797 NED01 and PGC 212899, among other designations.

NGC 797 and NGC 801 form a galaxy pair, and the distance between the two is about 150 kiloparsecs.

Interacting galaxy
Interacting galaxies, also known as colliding galaxies, are two or more galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another. There are several types of galactic interactions, including major interactions, minor interactions, and galaxy harassment. Major interactions occur between galaxies with similar amounts of mass, whereas minor interactions involve galaxies with masses that vary significantly. An example of a minor interaction is a satellite galaxy disturbing the primary galaxy's spiral arms. An example of a major interaction is a galactic collision, such as the one that  astronomers estimate will happen in the future between the Milky Way and Andromeda. Collisions may lead to galaxy mergers and may also lead to other phenomena such as star formation and black hole activity.
Coast and Geodetic Survey Defense Service Medal
The Coast and Geodetic Survey Defense Service Medal is a decoration of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey presented to personnel of the Coast and Geodetic Survey for service during the national emergency prior to the entry of the United States into World War II.

Awards and decorations of the United States government
Awards and decorations of the United States government are civilian awards of the U.S. federal government which are typically issued for sustained meritorious service, in a civilian capacity, while serving in the U.S. federal government.  Certain U.S. government awards may also be issued to military personnel of the United States Armed Forces and be worn in conjunction with awards and decorations of the United States military. In order of precedence, those U.S. non-military awards and decorations authorized for wear are worn after U.S. military personal decorations and unit awards and before U.S. military campaign and service awards.

The following is a selection of civilian awards which are presently issued by the U.S. government.
Diane Middlebrook
Diane Helen Middlebrook (née Wood; April 16, 1939 – December 15, 2007) was an American biographer, poet, and teacher. She taught feminist studies for many years at Stanford University. She wrote critically acclaimed biographies of poets Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath (along with Plath's husband Ted Hughes), and jazz musician Billy Tipton.

Ted Hughes
Edward James Hughes OM OBE FRSL (17 August 1930 – 28 October 1998) was an English poet, translator, and children's writer. Critics frequently rank him as one of the best poets of his generation and one of the twentieth century's greatest writers. He was appointed Poet Laureate in 1984 and held the office until his death. In 2008, The Times ranked Hughes fourth on its list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945".

Hughes married fellow poet, American Sylvia Plath, in 1956. They lived together in the United States and then in England, in a tumultuous relationship. They had two children before separating in 1962. Plath ended her life in 1963.
Political communication
Political communication is the practice or study of political messaging, e.g. in political campaigns, speeches and political advertising, often within the mass media. As an interdisciplinary subfield it is located between communication studies and political science. Political communication is concerned with ideas such as information flow, political influence, policy making, news, and public opinion. The subfield also focuses on the study of political social media, propaganda, political economy of communication and non-profit organisations that communicate to affect political processes. Modern societal changes that have affected the subfield include the digitization of media, polarization and a movement towards a post-truth media environment.

Political economy of communications
The Political Economy of Communications is a branch of communication studies or media studies which studies the power relations that shape the communication of information from the mass media to its public. PEC (Political Economy of Communications) analyzes the power relations between the mass media system, information and communications technologies (ICTs) and the wider socioeconomic structure in which these operate, with a focus on understanding the historical and current state of technological developments. PEC has proliferated in the 2000s with the modernization of technology. The advancement of media has created conversation about the effects of colonialism and PEC.
Dawley
Dawley (/dɔːli/ DAW-lee) is a former mining town and civil parish in the borough of Telford and Wrekin, Shropshire, England. It was originally proposed to be the main centre of the 'Dawley New Town' plan in 1963, however it was decided in 1968 to name the new town as 'Telford', after the engineer and road-builder Thomas Telford. Dawley is one of the older settlements in Shropshire, being mentioned in the Domesday Book (1086). It is divided into Dawley Magna ("Great Dawley") and Little Dawley (also shown as Dawley Parva ("Little Dawley") on older maps).

Telford Steam Railway
The Telford Steam Railway (TSR) is a heritage railway located at Horsehay, Telford in Shropshire, England, formed in 1976.

The railway is operated by volunteers on Sundays and Bank Holidays from Easter to the end of September, and at Christmas. Its official business name is the Telford Horsehay Steam Trust (THST), and it is a registered charity.
Phaendin Thong railway station
Phaendin Thong railway station is a railway station located in Nong Yai To Subdistrict, Chai Badan District, Lopburi Province. It is a class 3 railway station located 226.45 km (140.7 mi) from Bangkok railway station.

Lopburi province
Lopburi (Thai: ลพบุรี, RTGS: Lop Buri, pronounced [lóp bū.rīː]) is a province in the central region of Thailand. The province is divided into 11 administrative districts, and Mueang Lopburi district is the capital. With over 720,000 people, the province is Thailand's 31st largest area and 35th most populous. There are eight neighboring provinces, Phetchabun, Chaiyaphum, Nakhon Ratchasima, Saraburi, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Ang Thong, Sing Buri, and Nakhon Sawan.

Lopburi is a significant province historically, where many historical structures, artifacts, and prehistoric settlements have been discovered. In the past, Lopburi was called by the name Lavo.The kingdom had been ruled by an absolute monarch.
Gabbioneta-Binanuova
Gabbioneta-Binanuova (Cremunés: Gabiunéeda-Binanóva) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Cremona.

Gabbioneta-Binanuova borders the following municipalities: Grontardo, Ostiano, Pescarolo ed Uniti, Pessina Cremonese, Scandolara Ripa d'Oglio, Seniga.

The parish church, Santi Martino e Nicola is dedicated to the two saints. The church of Sant'Ambrogio was patronized by the Pallavicini family.

Seniga
Seniga (Brescian: Siniga) is a comune in the province of Brescia, located in Lombardy.  It is bounded by other communes of Pralboino, Milzano, Alfianello. It is located on the Oglio river, that forms the border between Brescia and Cremona provinces. As of 2011, Seniga had a population of 1,624.
Thimbleby, North Yorkshire
Thimbleby is a small village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England, it is in the North York Moors and close to the village of Osmotherley and the Cleveland Way, 6 miles (9.7 km) east of Northallerton. The population of the civil parish as of the 2011 census was 258.

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Hambleton, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Northallerton
Northallerton (/nɔːrˈθælərtən/ nor-THAL-ər-tən) is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It is near the River Wiske in the Vale of Mowbray and had a population of 16,832 in 2011. Northallerton is an administrative centre for York and North Yorkshire Combined Authority and North Yorkshire Council.

There has been a settlement at Northallerton since Roman times. That grew in importance from the 11th century when King William II gifted land there to the Bishop of Durham, and it became an important religious centre. The Battle of the Standard fought nearby in 1138 involved the death of up to 12,000 Scots.

Northallerton was an important stopping point for coaches on the road between Edinburgh and London until the arrival of the railway.
2024 Women's Decathlon World Championships
The inaugural edition of the Women's Decathlon World Championships was held in Geneva, Ohio, on 3 and 4 August 2024. Allison Halverson of Armenia was the first world champion, with Roseva Bidois of France and American Jordyn Bruce winning the silver and bronze medals. Halverson set the world decathlon best in the 100 metres.

Geneva, Ohio
Geneva is a city in northwestern Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States. The population was 5,924 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area, 44 miles (71 km) northeast of Cleveland. The area which would become Geneva was originally settled in 1805, and was incorporated as a city in 1958. It is named after Geneva, New York.
Heijing (Khamba Thoibi)
Heijing (ꯍꯩꯖꯤꯡ) is an event described in the Khamba Thoibi classical epic, a major work of the Moirang Kangleirol genre of Meitei mythology and folklore. It is a marriage proposal ceremony for Princess Thoibi of Moirang kingdom, where two suitors, Angom Nongban Kongyamba and Khuman Khamba, competed for her hand on the same day.

Meitei folklore
Meitei folklore is the folklore and mythology of the Meitei people of Manipur, India.

Such folklore is traditionally passed from generation to generation. Currently, the government of Manipur is planning to preserve the folklore of the Meitei people through primary education in government institutions.
2nd Glamorganshire Artillery Volunteers
The 2nd Glamorganshire Artillery Volunteers was a part-time unit of the British Army that defended the coast of South Wales from 1890 to 1942. Although it never saw action in its coastal defence role, it formed several siege batteries of heavy howitzers for service on the Western Front and Italian Front in World War I.

Volunteer Force
The Volunteer Force was a citizen army of part-time rifle, artillery and engineer corps, created as a popular movement throughout the British Empire in 1859. Originally highly autonomous, the units of volunteers became increasingly integrated with the British Army after the Childers Reforms in 1881, before forming part of the Territorial Force in 1908. Most of the regiments of the present Army Reserves  Infantry, Artillery, Engineers and Signals units are directly descended from Volunteer Force units.
W. Haydon Burns
William Haydon Burns (March 17, 1912 – November 22, 1987) was an American businessman, segregationist politician, and World War II veteran who served as the 35th Governor of Florida from 1965 to 1967. A member of the Democratic Party, he was Mayor of Jacksonville, Florida from 1949 to 1965.

In October 1965, Burns was the first person to publicly announce the planned opening of Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida, calling the new theme park "the greatest attraction in the history of Florida".

Wolfson Park
Samuel W. Wolfson Baseball Park (originally Jacksonville Baseball Park) was a baseball park in Jacksonville, Florida. It stood from 1954 until 2002, when it was demolished and replaced by the new Baseball Grounds of Jacksonville. During that time it was home to all of Jacksonville's minor league baseball teams, including the Jacksonville Braves (1955–1960), the Jacksonville Jets (1961), and the Jacksonville Suns (1962–1968 and 1970–2002). It had a seating capacity of 8,200 and was named for local baseball owner Samuel W. Wolfson.
Pola Buckley
Pola Buckley is an American accountant and the 20th Maine State Auditor. A Democrat, she was elected by the Maine Legislature to her position on January 7, 2013 serving until January, 2021, when she was succeeded by Matthew Dunlap and then Jacob Norton shortly after.

Buckley earned a Bachelor of Science degree in accounting from Boston College, and a master's degree in Business Administration from Thomas College.

Maine State Auditor
The Maine state auditor is a statutory state executive position in the government of the U.S. state of Maine. According to the Office of the State Auditor's webpage, the primary purpose of the position is "to audit the financial statements of the State of Maine and expenditures of federal programs".

The Office of State Auditor was created in 1883 to examine the accounts held by the Maine State Treasurer. Originally a three-member committee, the single state auditor position was created in 1907. State Auditors are elected by the Maine Legislature for a term of four years and each Auditor is limited to two four-year terms.
Publishers Weekly list of bestselling novels in the United States in the 2010s
This is a list of bestselling novels in the United States in the 2010s, as determined by Publishers Weekly. The list features the most popular novels of each year from 2010 through to 2019.

The standards set for inclusion in the lists – which, for example, led to the exclusion of the novels in the Harry Potter series from the lists for the 1990s and 2000s – are currently unknown.  After 2012, Publishers Weekly used the lists from Nielsen BookScan for print, supplemented by the Amazon.com lists for Kindle and print. Some of the lists of print bestsellers have combined the different formats of books into one list. Books that are not novels will be excluded when possible, especially nonfiction books.

According to Nielsen BookScan data, the Fifty Shades series is the top three best selling books of the decade, with the first novel selling 15.2 million copies from 2010 to 2019.  The Hunger Games (2008) was fourth (8.7 million copies) followed by The Help (2009) (8.7 million).

Publishers Weekly list of bestselling novels in the United States in the 1990s
This is a list of bestselling novels in the United States in the 1990s, as determined by Publishers Weekly. The list features the most popular novels of each year from 1990 through 1999.

The standards set for inclusion in the lists – which, for example, led to the exclusion of the novels in the Harry Potter series from the lists for the 1990s and 2000s – are currently unknown.
Religion and health
Scholarly studies have investigated the effects of religion. The World Health Organization (WHO) discerns four dimensions of health, namely physical, social, mental, and spiritual health. While there is no precise correlation between religion and spirituality, the two concepts have a deep association. Having a religious belief may have both positive and negative impacts on health and morbidity.

Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis is a method of synthesis of quantitative data from multiple independent studies addressing a common research question. An important part of this method involves computing a combined effect size across all of the studies. As such, this statistical approach involves extracting effect sizes and variance measures from various studies. By combining these effect sizes the statistical power is improved and can resolve uncertainties or discrepancies found in individual studies. Meta-analyses are integral in supporting research grant proposals, shaping treatment guidelines, and influencing health policies. They are also pivotal in summarizing existing research to guide future studies, thereby cementing their role as a fundamental methodology in metascience. Meta-analyses are often, but not always, important components of a systematic review.