hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sven Co-op
Sven Co-op is a co-op variation of the 1998 first-person shooter Half-Life. The game, initially released as a mod in January 1999, and created by Daniel "Sven Viking" Fearon, enables players to play together on online servers to complete levels, many of which are based on the Half-Life universe but include other genres. In addition to the cooperative gameplay, Sven Co-op includes improvements from the original Half-Life, including improved artificial intelligence for both enemy and allied non-player characters.

Since its original release, the project has been overseen by David "Sniper" McDermott. In 2013, Valve, which owns the rights to the Half-Life series, gave the development team the rights to publish the modification as a standalone title on Steam, and further allowed them to distribute the maps and assets of Half-Life to support its release. The standalone release, representing version 5.0 of the mod, was released in January 2016.

Cooperative video game
A cooperative video game, often abbreviated as co-op video game, is a video game that allows players to work together as teammates, usually against one or more non-player character opponents (PvE). Co-op games can be played locally using one or multiple input controllers or over a network via local area networks, wide area networks, or the Internet.

Co-op gameplay has gained popularity as controller and networking technology has developed. On PCs, consoles and mobile devices, cooperative games have become increasingly common, and many genres of games—including shooter games, sports games, real-time strategy games, and massively multiplayer online games—include co-op modes.

In 2025, cooperative games (specifically non-MMO games such as Lethal Company, R.E.P.O. and PEAK) gained the derogatory slang term Friendslop, coined alongside the complementary term "Friendfarming".
Software rot
Software rot (bit rot, code rot, software erosion, software decay, or software entropy) is the degradation, deterioration, or loss of the use or performance of software over time.

The Jargon File, a compendium of hacker lore, defines "bit rot" as a jocular explanation for the degradation of a software program over time even if "nothing has changed"; the idea behind this is almost as if the bits that make up the program were subject to radioactive decay.

Jargon File
The Jargon File is a glossary and usage dictionary of slang used by computer programmers. The original Jargon File was a collection of terms from technical cultures such as the MIT AI Lab, the Stanford AI Lab (SAIL) and others of the old ARPANET AI/LISP/PDP-10 communities, including Bolt, Beranek and Newman (BBN), Carnegie Mellon University, and Worcester Polytechnic Institute. It was published in paperback form in 1983 as The Hacker's Dictionary (edited by Guy Steele) and revised in 1991 as The New Hacker's Dictionary (ed. Eric S. Raymond; third edition published 1996).

The concept of the file began with the Tech Model Railroad Club (TMRC) that came out of early TX-0 and PDP-1 hackers in the 1950s, where the term hacker emerged and the ethic, philosophies and some of the nomenclature emerged.
Lindau (district)
Lindau is a Landkreis (district) in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany; its capital is the city of Lindau. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the district of Oberallgäu, Austria (federal state of Vorarlberg), Lake Constance and the state of Baden-Württemberg (districts of Bodensee and Ravensburg).

Swabia (Bavaria)
Swabia (German: Schwaben, Swabian: Schwaabe, Bavarian: Schwobm) is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany. It consists of ten districts and 340 municipalities (including four cities) with Augsburg being the administrative capital.
Robert Blyth (bishop)
Christianity portal

Robert Blyth, OSB (b Norton, Derbyshire 1470 - d Cambridge 1547) was a Bishop of Down and Connor in the first half of the sixteenth century.

Also the Abbot of Thorney Abbey, he was first appointed  on 16 April 1520; but accepted royal supremacy in 1539. He was deposed by Pope Paul III. Blyth also  acted as a suffragan bishop in the Diocese of Ely from 1539 to 1541.

Bishop of Down and Connor
Christianity portal

The Bishop of Down and Connor (Irish: Easpag an Dúin agus Chonaire) is an episcopal title which takes its name from the town of Downpatrick (located in County Down) and the village of Connor (located in County Antrim) in Northern Ireland. The title is still used by the Catholic Church for the diocese of that name, but in the Church of Ireland it has been modified into other bishoprics.
Path space fibration
In algebraic topology, the path space fibration over a pointed space  is a fibration of the form

where

is the based path space of the pointed space ;  that is,  equipped with the compact-open topology.

is the fiber of  over the base point of ; thus it is the loop space of .

The free path space of X, that is, , consists of all maps from I to X that do not necessarily begin at a base point, and the fibration  given by, say, , is called the free path space fibration.

The path space fibration can be understood to be dual to the mapping cone. The fiber of the based fibration is called the mapping fiber or, equivalently, the homotopy fiber.

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
Boxing at the 2018 Commonwealth Games – Men's middleweight
The men's middleweight boxing competitions at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast, Australia took place between 6 and 14 April at Oxenford Studios. Middleweights were limited to those boxers weighing less than 75 kilograms.

Like all Commonwealth boxing events, the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament. Both semifinal losers were awarded bronze medals, so no boxers competed again after their first loss. Bouts consisted of three rounds of three minutes each, with one-minute breaks between rounds. Beginning this year, the competition was scored using the "must-ten" scoring system.

Village Roadshow Studios
Village Roadshow Studios are a set of film studios located in Oxenford, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. The studios are owned by Village Roadshow and consist of nine sound stages as well as a range of other production facilities. The studio commenced in June 1991 and is one of three film studios in Australia, the others being Disney Studios Australia in Sydney and Docklands Studios Melbourne.

The studios have been home to many feature films, telemovies, TV series and miniseries. Some feature film productions include Aquaman, San Andreas, The Chronicles of Narnia: The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, Scooby-Doo, House of Wax, Ghost Ship, and Thor: Ragnarok. TV productions have included H2O: Just Add Water,Terra Nova, BeastMaster and the Lost World series.
Church of St. James the Less (Philadelphia)
The Church of St. James the Less is a historic Episcopal church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, that was architecturally influential.  As St. James-the-Less Episcopal Church, it was designated a National Historic Landmark for its Gothic Revival architecture, which influenced a generation of subsequent churches.

Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania
The Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania is a diocese of the Episcopal Church of the United States, encompassing the counties of Philadelphia, Montgomery, Bucks, Chester, and Delaware in the state of Pennsylvania. In March 2016, Daniel G. P. Gutierrez was elected Bishop Diocesan; he was consecrated and assumed office on July 16, 2016. Upon becoming bishop in 2016, Gutiérrez implemented a strategy of experimentation and adaptation.

The diocese reported 42,317 members in 2015 and 32,225 members in 2023; no membership statistics were reported in 2024 parochial reports. Plate and pledge income for the 133 filing congregations of the diocese in 2024 was $29,029,635. Average Sunday attendance (ASA) was 8,302 persons.
George Richmond (painter)
George Richmond RA (28 March 1809 – 19 March 1896) was an English painter and portraitist. In his youth he was a member of The Ancients, a group of followers of William Blake. Later in life he established a career as a portrait painter, which included painting the portraits of the British gentry, nobility and royalty.

He was the son of Thomas Richmond, miniature-painter, and was the father of the painter William Blake Richmond as well as the grandfather of the naval historian, Admiral Sir Herbert Richmond.

A keen follower of cricket, Richmond was noted in one obituary as having been "an habitué of Lord's since 1816".

Thomas Babington Macaulay
Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay, PC, FRS, FRSE (/ˈbæbɪŋtən məˈkɔːli/; 25 October 1800 – 28 December 1859) was a British historian, poet and Whig politician who served as the Secretary at War between 1839 and 1841, and as the Paymaster General between 1846 and 1848. He is best known for his The History of England, a seminal example of Whig history which expressed Macaulay's belief in the inevitability of sociopolitical progress and has been widely commended for its prose style. Macaulay also played a substantial role in determining India's education policy.
Taulant Seferi
Taulant Fatmir Seferi (born 15 November 1996) is a professional footballer who plays as a striker for Süper Lig club Bodrum. Born in the Macedonia, he plays for the Albania national team, having previously played for the nation of his birth.

2021–22 Kategoria Superiore
The 2021–22 Kategoria Superiore was the 83rd official season, or 86th season of top-tier football in Albania (including three unofficial championships during World War II) and the 22nd season under the name Kategoria Superiore. The season began in 10 September 2021 and ended on 26 May 2022. Tirana won the league title on 7 May 2022, with 3 matches to spare.

The winners of this season's Kategoria Superiore earned a place in the first qualifying round of the 2022–23 Champions League, with the second and third placed clubs earning a place in the first qualifying round of the 2022–23 Europa Conference League.
Boeckella nyoraensis
Boeckella nyoraensis is a species of calanoid copepod in the family Centropagidae.

The IUCN conservation status of Boeckella nyoraensis is "VU", vulnerable. The species faces a high risk of endangerment in the medium term. The IUCN status was reviewed in 1996.

Centropagidae
Centropagidae is a family of copepods in the order Calanoida. Its members are particularly known as plankton in coastal waters and in fresh water in Australia and southern South America. They are also found on subantarctic islands and in lakes in Antarctica.
Pedro Roviale
Pedro Roviale (or de Rubiales etc) (c. 1511 - 1582) was a Spanish painter of the Renaissance period, active in Naples, Italy from circa 1548 to 1556.  It is now generally accepted that he was the same person as Francesco Ruviali who is recorded working in Rome around 1544 to 1546.

There are a plethora of other names used by sources, including Roviale Spagnuolo ("Spanish Roviale") and variants, and Il Polidorino due to his attachment to the style of Polidoro da Caravaggio (d 1543).  According to Bernardo de' Dominici, the biographer of Neapolitan artists, he was a native of Spain, from Alburquerque, Badajoz, Extremadura, but brought up in Naples.

Polidoro da Caravaggio
Polidoro Caldara, usually known as Polidoro da Caravaggio (c. 1499 – 1543), was an Italian painter of the Mannerist period, "arguably the most gifted and certainly the least conventional of Raphael's pupils", who was best known for his now-vanished paintings on the facades of Roman houses. He was unrelated to the later painter Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, usually known just as Caravaggio, but both came from the town of Caravaggio.
Niccolo Zoagli
Nicolò Zoagli was a Genoese statesman who became Doge of the Republic of Genoa. He took office in May 1394 after his predecessor, Antoniotto di Montaldo, had to flee the city due to the conflict between the local nobility, in particular between the Montaldo and Adorno families. Nicolò stayed in office until 17 August, when he stepped down in favor of Antonio Guarco.

Antoniotto di Montaldo
Antoniotto di Montaldo (1368 – 25 July 1398) was the Doge of the Republic of Genoa on two occasions between 1392 and 1394.

Born in Ceranesi, the son of Leonardo Montaldo, who had also been doge, Antoniotto di Montaldo was elected doge on 16 June 1392, after his predecessor Antoniotto Adorno had resigned. However, for unknown reasons, Montaldo himself resigned on 15 July 1393 in favor of Pietro Fregoso. This occurred during a period of political chaos in the Genoese Republic, and after just one day, on 16 July, Fregoso resigned, to be replaced by Clemente Promontorio; the latter, however, was deposed after a few hours by Francesco Giustiniano di Garibaldo, who reigned for two weeks, until 30 July.

On that date, Antoniotto di Montaldo, after a struggle with Antoniotto Adorno, recovered the dogal title, which he then kept until 24 May 1394. After losing power, he took refuge in Savona. He died in 1398, perhaps in Genoa, and was buried in the church of San Bartolomeo degli Armeni.
Phaeton body
A phaeton is a style of open automobile without any fixed weather protection, which was popular from the 1900s until the 1930s. It is an automotive equivalent of the horse-drawn fast, lightweight phaeton carriage.

A popular style in the US from the mid–1920s and continuing into the first half of the 1930s was the dual cowl phaeton, with a cowl separating the rear passengers from the driver and front passenger.

Phaetons fell from favour when closed cars and convertible body styles became widely available during the 1930s. Eventually, the term "phaeton" became so widely and loosely applied that almost any vehicle with two axles and a row or rows of seats across the body could be called a phaeton. Convertibles and pillarless hardtops were sometimes marketed as "phaetons" after actual phaetons were phased out.

Mercury Montclair
The Mercury Montclair is a series of full-size sedans that were manufactured and marketed over five generations by the Mercury division of Ford.  The nameplate was used by the division twice, from the 1955 to the 1960 model years and from the 1964 to the 1968 model years.  The model was offered as two-door and four-door hardtops, four-door pillared sedan, and a two-door convertible.

Through its production, the Montclair typically served as the mid-range Mercury sedan offering; always slotted above the Monterey, at various times, the Montclair was slotted below the Turnpike Cruiser and Park Lane in the Mercury line.  While the true origins of the nameplate are unknown by Ford historians, the consensus is that is derived from Montclair, New Jersey, an affluent community located near its then-new Mahwah Assembly facility.

For 1969, Mercury discontinued the Montclair, repackaging the vehicle as the Mercury Monterey Custom, which was marketed through 1974.
WSIP (AM)
WSIP (1490 AM) is a classic country radio station licensed to Paintsville, Kentucky, United States.  The station is currently owned by Forcht Broadcasting and features programming from CBS News Radio. The station first aired on April 4, 1949. The station also broadcasts online via Official Stream Page, on Apple and Android mobile devices, and has an Alexa skill.

The station flipped to classic country on February 1, 2026, after airing a sports format from 2018 until January 31, 2026.  Prior to 2018, the station aired a Classic Hits format, which was moved to sister station WKYH.

Paintsville, Kentucky
Paintsville (locally /ˈpeɪntsvəl/) is a home rule-class city in Johnson County, Kentucky, United States. Located along Paint Creek, it is the county seat of Johnson County. The population was 4,312 at the 2020 census.
Joseph Deiss
Joseph Deiss (born 18 January 1946) is a Swiss economist and politician who served as a Member of the Swiss Federal Council from 1999 to 2006. A member of the Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP/PDC), he first headed the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (1999–2002) before transferring to the Federal Department of Economic Affairs (2003–2006). Deiss was elected President of the United Nations General Assembly for its 65th session in 2010.

President of the United Nations General Assembly
The president of the United Nations General Assembly is a position voted by representatives in the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) on a yearly basis. The president is the chair and presiding officer of the General Assembly.
Pura Beji Sangsit
Pura Beji Sangsit is a Balinese temple or pura located in Sangsit, Buleleng, on the island of Bali, Indonesia. The village of Sangsit is located around 8 kilometres (5.0 miles) east of Singaraja. Pura Beji is dedicated to the rice goddess Dewi Sri, and is revered especially by the farmers around the area. Pura Beji is an example of a stereotypical northern Balinese architecture with its relatively heavier decorations than it is southern Balinese counterpart, and its typical foliage-like carvings.

Candi bentar
Candi bentar, or split gateway, is a classical Javanese and Balinese gateway entrance commonly found at the entrance of religious compounds, palaces, or cemeteries in Indonesia. It is a candi-like structure split perfectly in two to create a passage in the center for people to walk through. In contrast to the very ornate shape and decoration of the main faces, the sides of the passage are left completely plain.  The passage is usually elevated with a flight of stairs to reach it. A candi bentar is commonly found in Java, Bali, and Lombok.
CKXC-FM
CKXC-FM (93.5 MHz) is a Canadian radio station in Kingston, Ontario owned by Rogers Radio, a division of Rogers Sports & Media. The station currently broadcasts a country format branded as Country 93.5.

Rogers Radio
Rogers Radio is a division of Rogers Sports & Media (a subsidiary of Rogers Communications) that specializes in the radio broadcasting industry. Rogers Radio is Canada's fourth-largest commercial radio broadcaster after Stingray Radio, Vista Radio and Bell Media Radio, the fifth being Corus, and the largest based in Ontario.

As of January 2015, the company owns and operates 52 radio stations (44 FM and 8 AM) in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia and Ontario. They had previously owned two stations in New Brunswick; however, they were sold to other companies in 2015.

Rogers Radio currently operates stations under the Jack FM, KiSS FM, Sportsnet Radio, NewsRadio, Country and SONiC RADiO brands as well as several local branding.
Grade (ring theory)
In commutative and homological algebra, the grade of a finitely generated module  over a Noetherian ring  is a cohomological invariant defined by vanishing of Ext-modules

For an ideal  the grade is defined via the quotient ring viewed as a module over

The grade is used to define perfect ideals. In general we have the inequality

where the projective dimension is another cohomological invariant.

The grade is tightly related to the depth, since

Under the same conditions on  and  as above, one also defines the -grade of  as

This notion is tied to the existence of maximal -sequences contained in  of length .

Commutative algebra
Commutative algebra, first known as ideal theory, is the branch of algebra that studies commutative rings, their ideals, and modules over such rings. Both algebraic geometry and algebraic number theory build on commutative algebra. Prominent examples of commutative rings include polynomial rings; rings of algebraic integers, including the ordinary integers ; and p-adic integers.

Commutative algebra is the main technical tool of algebraic geometry, and many results and concepts of commutative algebra are strongly related with geometrical concepts.

The study of rings that are not necessarily commutative is known as noncommutative algebra; it includes ring theory, representation theory, and the theory of Banach algebras.
Josephine Johnson
Josephine Winslow Johnson (June 20, 1910 – February 27, 1990) was an American novelist, poet, and essayist. She won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1935 at age 24 for her first novel, Now in November.   She is the youngest person to win the Pulitzer for Fiction.  Shortly thereafter, she published Winter Orchard, a collection of short stories that had previously appeared in The Atlantic Monthly, Vanity Fair, The St. Louis Review, and Hound & Horn.  Of these stories, "Dark" won an O. Henry Award in 1934, and "John the Six" won an O. Henry Award third prize the following year.  Johnson continued writing short stories and won three more O. Henry Awards: for "Alexander to the Park" (1942), "The Glass Pigeon" (1943), and "Night Flight" (1944).

O. Henry Award
The O. Henry Award is an annual American award given to short stories of exceptional merit. The award is named after the American short-story writer O. Henry.

The PEN/O. Henry Prize Stories is an annual collection of the year's twenty best stories published in U.S. and Canadian magazines. Along with The Best American Short Stories, the O. Henry Prize Stories is one of the two "best-known annual anthologies of short fiction."

Until 2002 there were first, second, and third prize winners and from 2003 to 2019 there were three jurors who each selected a short story of special interest or merit; the collection is called The PEN/O. Henry Prize Stories, and the original collection was called Prize Stories 1919: The O. Henry Memorial Awards.
Vampire folklore by region
Legends of vampires have existed for millennia; cultures such as the Mesopotamians, Hebrews, ancient Greeks, and Romans had tales of demonic entities and blood-drinking spirits which are considered precursors to modern vampires. Despite the occurrence of vampire-like creatures in these ancient civilizations, the folklore for the entity known today as the vampire originates almost exclusively from early 18th-century Central Europe, particularly Transylvania as verbal traditions of many ethnic groups of the region were recorded and published. In most cases, vampires are revenants of evil beings, suicide victims, or witches, but can also be created by a malevolent spirit possessing a corpse or a living person being bitten by a vampire themselves. Belief in such legends became so rife that in some areas it caused mass hysteria and even public executions of people believed to be vampires.

Ghoul
In folklore, a ghoul (from Arabic: غول, ghūl) is a demon-like being or monstrous humanoid, often associated with graveyards and the consumption of human flesh. The concept of the ghoul originated in pre-Islamic Arabian religion. Modern fiction often uses the term to label a specific kind of monster.

By extension, the word "ghoul" is also used in a derogatory sense to refer to a person who delights in the macabre or whose occupation directly involves death, such as a gravedigger or graverobber.