hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge
The Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge is a 35,000-acre (140 km2) national wildlife refuge (NWR) located along the Tennessee River near Decatur, Alabama. Named after Major General Joseph Wheeler, it was established to provide a habitat for wintering and migrating birds in the Eastern United States.

Of the 35,000 acres of the refuge, about 4,085 acres (16.53 km2) are located within Redstone Arsenal. Around 1,500 acres (6.1 km2) of the Redstone Arsenal land are administered by the Marshall Space Flight Center.

Wheeler NWR is charged with the administration of four other NWRs, including Fern Cave, Key Cave, Sauta Cave and Watercress Darter National Wildlife Refuges. Until recently, Wheeler NWR also administered the Cahaba River National Wildlife Refuge (now administered by the Mountain Longleaf National Wildlife Refuge).

Watercress Darter National Wildlife Refuge
Watercress Darter National Wildlife Refuge is a 25-acre (100,000 m2) National Wildlife Refuge located in Jefferson County, Alabama, within the city limits of Bessemer. Watercress Darter NWR consists of a .25-acre (1,000 m2) pond known as Thomas Spring which is essential to the survival of the endangered watercress darter. A second pond was built on the site in 1983. The facility is unstaffed, but is administered by the Mountain Longleaf National Wildlife Refuge in Anniston, Alabama.
Tel Hashash
Tel Hashash or Tell el-Hashash (Hebrew: תל חשאש) is an archaeological site in the heart of the Bavli neighborhood of Tel Aviv. It is one of the ancient sites along the Yarkon River, located 800 meters south of the river, overlooking Tell Qasile on the northern bank of the river. The site was excavated in the 1960s by Jacob Kaplan on behalf of the Old Jaffa Museum of Antiquities, and in the 1980s by Haya Ritter Kaplan of the Israel Antiquities Authority. The excavations exposed remains of the first century CE and the late Byzantine period.

Tell Qasile
Tell Qasile is an archaeological site near the Yarkon River in Tel Aviv, Israel. Over 3,000 years old, the site contains the remains of a port city founded by the Philistines in the 12th century BC.

Prior to 1948, it was on the village lands of Al-Shaykh Muwannis, which was depopulated in the 1948 war. The first excavations at the site began in 1948, while the war was still ongoing. Today it is located on the grounds of the Eretz Israel Museum, which was built in 1953.
Kerem Demirbay
Kerem Demirbay (born 3 July 1993) is a German professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Süper Lig club Kasımpaşa. He is nicknamed "Dayı" due to his resemblance of a popular Turkish TV show fictional character. A former youth international for Turkey, Demirbay switched allegiances to represent Germany at senior level.

Turkish Football Federation
The Turkish Football Federation (Turkish: Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu; TFF) is the governing body of association football in Turkey. It was formed on 23 April 1923, and joined FIFA the same year and UEFA in 1962. It organizes the Turkey national football team, the Turkish Football League and the Turkish Cup.
Hiellen River
The Hiellen River (Haida: Hl'yáalan G̱andlee) is a river on Graham Island in the Haida Gwaii of British Columbia, Canada.  It flows north into McIntyre Bay to the east of Taaw Tldáaw, and is entirely within Naikoon Provincial Park, which covers most of the peninsula of the same name.  At the mouth of the Hiellen River is Hiellen Indian Reserve No. 2, which is on the site of Hiellen, a once-large Haida village whose remaining families located to Masset during the 19th Century.

Masset
Masset (/ˈmæsɪt/; formerly Massett) is a village in the Haida Gwaii archipelago in British Columbia, Canada. It is located on Masset Sound on the northern coast of Graham Island, the largest island in the archipelago, and is approximately 50 km (31 mi) west of mainland British Columbia. It is the primary western terminus of Trans-Canada Highway 16 (the Yellowhead Highway) and is served by Masset Airport, with flights to Vancouver and Prince Rupert. During the maritime fur trade of the early 19th century, Masset was a key trading site. It was incorporated as a village municipality on May 11, 1961.
Anal valves
An anal valve is a small horizontal fold uniting the inferior ends of any two adjacent anal columns of the anal canal. An anal valve forms the inferior boundary of an anal sinus. The anal valves demarcate the level of the pectinate line.

Anal columns
Anal columns (Columns of Morgagni or less commonly Morgagni's columns) are a number of vertical folds, produced by an infolding of the mucous membrane and some of the muscular tissue in the upper half of the lumen of the anal canal. They are named after Giovanni Battista Morgagni, who has several other eponyms named after him.
City Hall, Lagos
The Lagos City Hall, established in 1900, is the secretariat of the oldest local government in Nigeria. It is located within the Brazilian quarters, right in the center of the Lagos business district. It is also adjacent to King's College, Lagos, St. Nicholas Hospital, Lagos and Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Lagos.

The City Hall used to be the local government headquarters with other area offices serving the entire local governments in colonial Lagos and after Nigeria's independence. The City hall was the fountain of local government administration in Nigeria and the secretariat of the Lagos Island local government, the doyen of Nigeria's native or grassroots administration since 1900. The hall is a historical, political and cultural landmark for metropolitan Lagos.

Lagos Island
Lagos IslandListenⓘ (Yoruba: Ìsàlẹ̀ Èkó) is the principal and central Local Government Area (LGA) in Lagos, Nigeria. It was the capital of Lagos State until 1957. It is part of the Lagos Division. As of the preliminary 2006 Nigerian census, the LGA had a population of 209,437 within an area of just 8.7 km2.  The LGA only covers the western half of Lagos Island; the eastern half is simply referred to as Lagos Island East LCDA.
Early texts of Shakespeare's works
The earliest texts of William Shakespeare's works were published during the 16th and 17th centuries in quarto or folio format. Folios are large, tall volumes; quartos are smaller, roughly half the size. The publications of the latter are usually abbreviated to Q1, Q2, etc., where the letter stands for "quarto" and the number for the first, second, or third edition published.

Alfred W. Pollard
Alfred William Pollard CB FBA (14 August 1859 – 8 March 1944) was an English bibliographer and scholar of English literature. He is widely credited with bringing a higher level of scholarly rigour to the study of Shakespearean texts.
Welch's t-test
Welch's t-test, or unequal variances t-test in statistics is a two-sample location test which is used to test the (null) hypothesis that two populations have equal means. It is named for its creator, Bernard Lewis Welch, and is an adaptation of Student's t-test, and is more reliable when the two samples have unequal variances and possibly unequal sample sizes. These tests are often referred to as "unpaired" or "independent samples" t-tests, as they are typically applied when the statistical units underlying the two samples being compared are non-overlapping. Given that Welch's t-test has been less popular than Student's t-test and may be less familiar to readers, a more informative name is "Welch's unequal variances t-test" — or "unequal variances t-test" for brevity. Sometimes, it is referred as Satterthwaite or Welch–Satterthwaite test.

Location test
A location test is a statistical hypothesis test that compares the location parameter of a statistical population to a given constant, or that compares the location parameters of two statistical populations to each other.  Most commonly, the location parameter (or parameters) of interest are expected values, but location tests based on medians or other measures of location are also used.
Midnight Radio (Bohren & der Club of Gore album)
Midnight Radio is the second full-length album from ambient/jazz band Bohren & der Club of Gore, released in 1995. It is also the last Bohren album to feature Reiner Henseleit, who was replaced on the band's next album, Sunset Mission, by saxophone player Christoph Clöser.

Sunset Mission
Sunset Mission is the third full-length record from Bohren & der Club of Gore. It is their first album to feature sax player Christoph Clöser, more explicitly exploring jazz than earlier recordings.

The liner notes include a quote from Matt Wagner's Grendel comic book, which reads: "Alone in the comforting darkness the creature waits. As confusion reigns on this hellish stage, the deafening grind of machinery, the odious clot of chemical waste. Still, the trail of his ultimate prey leads through this steely maze to these, the addled offspring of the modern world."
DXKM (General Santos)
DXKM (106.3 FM) was a radio station owned and operated by Advanced Media Broadcasting System in General Santos, Philippines.

The station was formerly known as Killerbee 106.3 from August 1991 to April 2013. Along with the other Killerbee stations, it was relaunched under the Magic moniker (adopted from its parent station) by April 29, 2013. It went off the air in early 2023.

DWTM
DWTM (89.9 FM), broadcasting as Magic 89.9, is a radio station owned and operated by Quest Broadcasting Inc. It serves as the flagship station of Magic Nationwide and the flagship partner station of Tiger 22 Media. The station's studios and transmitter are located at Unit 907, 9th floor, Paragon Plaza, EDSA cor. Reliance St., Mandaluyong.
Samuel Wilberforce
Samuel Wilberforce FRS (7 September 1805 – 19 July 1873) was an English bishop in the Church of England, and the third son of William Wilberforce.

Wilberforce combined a religious vocation with significant influence in the theological, political, and scientific circles of Victorian Britain. He is regarded as one of the greatest public speakers of his day. A high church cleric, he served successively as Bishop of Oxford (1845–1869) and Bishop of Winchester (1869–1873). He is now best remembered for his opposition to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution at a debate in 1860.

Abolitionism in the United Kingdom
Abolitionism in the United Kingdom was the movement in the late 18th and early 19th centuries to end the practice of slavery, whether formal or informal, in the United Kingdom, the British Empire and the world, including ending the Atlantic slave trade. It was part of a wider abolitionism movement in Western Europe and the Americas. It spanned over a century and involved a wide range of activists, politicians, religious groups, and former slaves.

The trade of slaves was abolished throughout the British Empire by 1937, with Nigeria and Bahrain being the last British territories to abolish slavery.
Laredo Kid
Laredo Kid (born December 30, 1986) is a Mexican luchador enmascarado, or masked professional wrestler. He is signed to WWE, under Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide, where in AAA, he is a two-time and current AAA World Cruiserweight Champion. He is best known for tenure Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, where he is a former TNA Digital Media Champion.

Laredo Kid's real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where private lives are kept a secret from wrestling fans. Laredo Kid originally used the ring name The Exterminador but changed it to "Laredo Kid" after a year. He signed with AAA in 2005 and worked for them for several years before leaving the promotion to work on the Mexican Independent circuit.

Wrestling mask
A wrestling mask is a fabric-based mask that some professional wrestlers wear as part of their in-ring persona or gimmick. Professional wrestlers have been using masks as far back as 1915 and they are still widely used today, especially in Mexican lucha libre.
Duliaby
Duliaby (Ukrainian: Дуляби) is a village in Ternopil Raion of Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Naraiv rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Duliaby belonged to Berezhany Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Berezhany Raion was merged into Ternopil Raion.

Naraiv rural hromada
Naraiv rural territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Нараївська територіальна громада, romanized: Naraivska silska terytorialna hromada) is a hromada in Ukraine, in Ternopil Raion of Ternopil Oblast. The administrative center is the village of Naraiv. Its population is 6,656 (2022 estimate) Established on 5 April 2019.
Watuppa Branch
The Watuppa Branch (also called the North Dartmouth Industrial Track, and formerly the Fall River Branch) is a roughly six-mile freight railroad line in southeastern Massachusetts. The track originates at Mount Pleasant Junction, where it diverges from the New Bedford Secondary, and runs through Dartmouth before terminating in north Westport. The line is owned by the Massachusetts Department of Transportation and is operated by Massachusetts Coastal Railroad, which purchased operating rights from the previous operator, Bay Colony Railroad, in late 2023. The abandoned western portion of the right-of-way is used by the Quequechan River Rail Trail.

New Bedford Main Line
The New Bedford Main Line, also known as the New Bedford Subdivision, is a passenger and freight railroad line in the U.S. state of Massachusetts owned by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, with freight operations handled by the Massachusetts Coastal Railroad. The line runs from Cotley Junction where it meets the Middleboro Secondary near Weir Village (in Taunton) south to New Bedford along a former New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad line. The Fall River Secondary branches off at Myricks Junction.
Valley Railroad 40
Valley Railroad 40 is a preserved 101 class 2-8-2 "Mikado" type steam locomotive, built in August 1920 by American Locomotive Company's (ALCO) Brooks Works for the Minarets and Western Railway (M&W). It was initially built as No. 101 for the Portland, Astoria and Pacific Railroad as part of their small order of locomotives. However, the order was cancelled, and the locomotive was subsequently sold to the Minarets and Western Railway (M&W) to haul logging trains. No. 101 subsequently went through several ownerships during revenue service, until it was retired in 1950, and by that time, it was renumbered to No. 40. After spending several years in storage, No. 40 made its way to the Valley Railroad (VALE) in Essex in 1977. As of 2026, No. 40 is being used to haul tourist trains between Essex and Deep River, Connecticut, alongside 2-8-0 No. 97 and 2-8-2 No. 3025.

2-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and two trailing wheels on one axle, usually in a trailing truck. This configuration of steam locomotive is most often referred to as a Mikado, frequently shortened to Mike.

It was also at times referred to on some railroads in the United States as the McAdoo Mikado and, during World War II, the MacArthur.

The notation 2-8-2T indicates a tank locomotive of this wheel arrangement, the "T" suffix indicating a locomotive on which the water is carried in tanks mounted on the engine rather than in an attached tender.
Odessa Group
The Odessa Group of exiled and dissident artists take their name from the Ukrainian city of Odesa.

They are:

Andrey Antoniuk  (1943 – 2013)

Alexander Anufriev  (1940-2024)

Valery Basanietz

Valentin Khrushch (1943 – 2005)

Michail Kowalski

Ruslan Makoev

Viktor Mariniuk

Volodymyr Naumez

Nikolay Novikov (1936 – 199?)

Evgeni Rakhmanin

Sergey Savchenko

Vitaly Sazonov (1947 – 1986)

Valentin Shapavlenko

Oleg Sokolov (1919 – 1990)

Nikolai Stepanov (1937 – 2003)

Alexander Stovbur (1943 – 2019)

Vladimir Strelnikov

Stanislav Sychov (1937 – 2003)

Vladimir Tzupko

Alexander Voloshinov

Ludmilla Yastreb (1945 – 1980)

Yuri Yegorov (1926 – 2008)

Vasiliy Sad

Viktor Marynyuk
Viktor Vasyliovych Marynyuk (Ukrainian: Ві́ктор Васи́льович Мариню́к; 10 April 1939 – 6 November 2025) was a Ukrainian artist known for his painting, graphics, and sculpture. An Honored Artist of Ukraine, he was one of the central figures of Odesa unofficial art.
Arrondissements of the Hautes-Pyrénées department
The 3 arrondissements of the Hautes-Pyrénées department are:

Arrondissement of Argelès-Gazost, (subprefecture: Argelès-Gazost) with 87 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 37,801 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Bagnères-de-Bigorre, (subprefecture: Bagnères-de-Bigorre) with 170 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 48,213 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Tarbes, (prefecture of the Hautes-Pyrénées department: Tarbes) with 212 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 144,942 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Bagnères-de-Bigorre
The arrondissement of Bagnères-de-Bigorre is an arrondissement of France in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in the Occitanie region. It has 170 communes. Its population is 48,213 (2021), and its area is 1,783.5 km2 (688.6 sq mi).
Valenzuela atricornis
Valenzuela atricornis is a species of Psocoptera from Stenopsocidae family that can be found in United Kingdom and Ireland. They are also common in Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. The species are  yellowish-orange.

Stenopsocidae
Stenopsocidae is a family of Psocoptera belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha, in the infraorder Caeciliusetae. Member of this family have an areola postica connected to the M vein by a crossvein. The family is composed of about 100 species.
Bibliography of encyclopedias: film, radio, television and mass communications
This is a list of reference works involves encyclopedias and encyclopedic dictionaries of any language published on the subject of film/cinema, radio, television, and mass communications, including related biographical dictionaries of actors, directors, etc.

Entries are in the English language except where noted.

Leslie Halliwell
Robert James Leslie Halliwell (23 February 1929 – 21 January 1989) was a British film critic, encyclopaedist and television rights buyer for ITV, the British commercial network, and Channel 4. He is best known for his reference guides, Filmgoer's Companion (1965), a single volume film-related encyclopaedia featuring biographies (with credits) and technical terms, and Halliwell's Film Guide (1977), which is dedicated to individual films.

Anthony Quinton wrote in The Times Literary Supplement: "Immersed in the enjoyment of these fine books, one should look up for a moment to admire the quite astonishing combination of industry and authority in one man which has brought them into existence."

Halliwell's promotion of the cinema through his books and seasons of "golden oldies'"on Channel 4 won him awards from the London Film Critics' Circle, the British Film Institute and a posthumous BAFTA.
Bhawanipur Bihar railway station
Bhawanipur Bihar railway station is a railway station on the Howrah–New Jalpaiguri line of Katihar railway division of Northeast Frontier Railway zone. It is situated at Bhawanipur of Katihar district in the Indian state of Bihar. Number of passengers trains stop at Bhawanipur Bihar railway station.

Katihar railway division
Katihar railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Northeast Frontier Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 15 January 1958 and its headquarter is located at Katihar in the state of Bihar.

Alipurduar railway division, Lumding railway division, Tinsukia railway division and Rangiya railway division are the other four railway divisions under the NFR Zone headquartered at Maligaon, Guwahati.
Wyndcliffe Court
Wyndcliffe Court, 0.5 miles (0.8 km) north of the village of St. Arvans, Monmouthshire, Wales, is a Grade II* listed country house and gardens in the Arts and Crafts style, completed in 1922.  The client was Charles Leigh Clay and the architect Eric Francis. The gardens were designed by Henry Avray Tipping and are included on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.

John Newman (architectural historian)
John Arthur Newman FSA (14 December 1936 – 19 April 2023) was an English architectural historian. He was the author of several of the Pevsner Architectural Guides and was the advisory editor to the series.
Harry Brook
Harry Cherrington Brook (born 22 February 1999) is an English international cricketer who plays for England in all three formats of the game and is the Test vice-captain, ODI and T20I captain. Brook plays domestic cricket for Yorkshire. Primarily a right-handed batsman, he also bowls right-arm medium pace. He made his international debut for England in January 2022.

He made an extraordinary start to his test career by amassing 809 runs in his first six test appearances having batted ten times with a career average of 80.90 and with a strike rate of almost 100. Brook was part of the England cricket team that won the 2022 T20 World Cup. In December 2024, he topped the ICC rankings for Test batsmen during England's tour of New Zealand.

Harry Brook was named as ICC Men's Player of the Month award twice in December 2022 and February 2023.

England under-19 cricket team
The England Under-19 cricket team represents England and Wales in international cricket,  have been playing official Under-19 Test matches since 1974. Prior to 1991/92 they were known as England Young Cricketers.

Former captains include Mike Atherton, Michael Vaughan, Alastair Cook and Andrew Flintoff, who have all gone on to captain the senior national team in Test matches after playing for this team.
Gopinath (Krishna)
Gopinath (Sanskrit: गोपीनाथ, romanized: Gopīnātha) or Gopinatha is a form of the Hindu god Krishna. It is also one of the primary names of Krishna, meaning, "the lord of the cowherdesses".

Gopinath is associated with the gopis (milkmaids) of the Braj (Vraja) region. The gopis are regarded to symbolise selfless devotion (bhakti) to the deity, flocking around him in love and worship. The relationship between the gopis and Krishna is described in texts such as the Harivamsa, Bhagavata Purana, and the Gita Govinda.

Gita Govinda
The Gita Govinda (Sanskrit: गीतगोविन्दम्; IAST: gītagovindam) is a work composed by the 12th-century Hindu poet, Jayadeva. It describes the relationship between Krishna, Radha and gopis (female cow herders) of Vrindavan.

The Gita Govinda is organized into twelve chapters. Each chapter is further sub-divided into one or more divisions called prabandhas, totalling twenty-four in all. The prabandhas contain couplets grouped into eights, called ashtapadis. The text also elaborates the eight moods of Heroine, the Ashta Nayika, which has been an inspiration for many compositions and choreographic works in Indian classical dances. Every night in the Jagannatha temple, the Gitagovinda of Jayadeva is sung in the style of Odissi music, a tradition that has continued unbroken since the time of Jayadeva himself. Musicians of Kerala have adapted the ashtapadis into a musical form performed in temples called sopana sangeetham. Jayadeva's hymns are also included in the Guru Granth Sahib.