hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Imamate of Futa Jallon
The Imamate of Futa Jallon or Jalon (Arabic: إمامة فوتة جالون; Pular: Fuuta Jaloo or Fuuta Jalon فُوتَ جَلࣾو‎, 𞤊𞤵𞥅𞤼𞤢 𞤔𞤢𞤤𞤮𞥅), sometimes referred to as the Emirate of Timbo,: 50  was a West African Islamic state based in the Fouta Djallon highlands of modern Guinea. The state was founded in 1725 by a Fulani jihad and became part of French West Africa in 1896.

Over the course of the Imamate's existence, the region underwent a transformation from patriarchal, egalitarian animist societies to a hierarchal, segregationist, and aristocratic one, where Muslims (the rimbhè) received full rights and non-Muslims (the jiyabhe) constituted the slave class. The 19th century saw the golden age of Islam in Fouta Djallon, as the Imamate became a leading religious centre in West Africa.

French West Africa
French West Africa (French: Afrique-Occidentale française, AOF) was a federation of eight French colonial territories in West Africa: Mauritania, Senegal, French Sudan (now Mali), French Guinea (now Guinea), Ivory Coast, Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso), Dahomey (now Benin) and Niger. The federation existed from 1895 until 1958. Its capital was Saint-Louis in Senegal until 1902, and then Dakar until the federation's collapse in 1960.

With an area of 4,689,000 km2, French West Africa was eight times the size of Metropolitan France. French Equatorial Africa had an additional area of 2,500,000 km2.
North Calder Water
The North Calder Water is a river in North Lanarkshire, Scotland. It flows for 12 miles (19 km) from the Black Loch (in the Falkirk council area) via the Hillend Reservoir, Caldercruix, Plains, Airdrie, Calderbank, Carnbroe and Viewpark to the River Clyde at Daldowie, south-east of Glasgow. For the last two miles (three kilometres) of its course, it forms part of the boundary between North Lanarkshire (near to Birkenshaw) and Glasgow (near to Broomhouse). The name Calder is thought to be Brythonic and to mean 'hard cold flowing' water.

In addition to Caldercruix and Calderbank settlements, the river is referenced in man-made features near its course, including Caldervale High School in Airdrie, Calderbraes Golf Club near Birkenshaw, Calderview Community Centre in Coatbridge, and the former Calderbank House and Calderpark Zoo at Broomhouse.

Glasgow Zoo
Glasgow Zoo, or Calderpark Zoo, was a 99-acre (40 ha) zoological park in Baillieston, Glasgow, Scotland.

The zoo was established in 1947 by the Zoological Society of Glasgow and West of Scotland, which was itself established in 1936. The zoo was located on the lands of the former Calderpark Estate, and during its peak attracted about 140,000 visitors a year. At the zoo's peak it contained over 600 animals and had 24 full-time and many part-time or seasonal staff.

It closed in August 2003 after running up a debt of around £3.5 million and failing to renew its zookeeper licence, having been unable to meet new standards on animal welfare. In the last few years that it was open, Glasgow Zoo deteriorated mainly due to the lack of funding from the local council and due to many allegations of animal cruelty.
Ellisras Basin
The Ellisras Basin is a geological basin that spans the border between South Africa and Botswana, extending west from the town of Lephalale (formerly Ellisras) in Limpopo province. Basin fill consists of sedimentary rocks of the Karoo Supergroup, with maximum thickness of 1,500 metres (4,900 ft).

The principal economic resources in the basin are the Waterberg Coalfield in South African and the Mmamabula coalfields in Botswana.

Mudstone
Mudstone, a type of mudrock, is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. Mudstone is distinguished from shale by its lack of fissility.

The term mudstone is also used to describe carbonate rocks (limestone or dolomite) that are composed predominantly of carbonate mud. However, in most contexts, the term refers to siliciclastic mudstone, composed mostly of silicate minerals.

The NASA Curiosity rover has found deposits of mudstone on Mars that contain organic substances such as propane, benzene and toluene.
Borda (crater)
Borda is a lunar impact crater that lies between Santbech to the north-northwest and Reichenbach slightly further away to the south-southeast. It was named after French astronomer Jean-Charles de Borda. It has a low rim that is broken along the southeast by a smaller crater. The rim is intruded into by another small crater along the southwest side, and there is an irregular cleft along the northwest face. There is a central peak at the midpoint of the floor.

Reichenbach (crater)
Reichenbach is a crater in the rugged southeastern part of the Moon's near side. It is located to the west-northwest of the prominent crater Stevinus, and to the west of Snellius.

The rugged rim of this crater has been heavily worn by impact erosion. The rim is wider along the northern side, and has a slightly distorted appearance. A number of small craters lie along the rim, including Reichenbach F along the southern side. The nearly level interior floor is nearly featureless, with only a small craterlet near the northeastern inner wall.
VIA (music)
VIA (Russian: ВИА) is an abbreviation for Vocal and Instrumental Ensemble (Вокально-инструментальный ансамбль, Vokalno-instrumentalny ansambl). It is the general name used for popular music (pop, rock, folk, etc.) bands that were formally recognized by the Soviet government from the 1960s to the 1980s.

In Soviet times, the term VIA generally meant 'band', but it is now used in Russia to refer specifically to pop, rock, and folk groups active during the Soviet period.

With the dissolution of the Soviet Union the term gradually went out of use.

In Yugoslavia, the abbreviation VIS (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: ВИС), meaning vokalno-instrumentalni sastav (вокално-инструментални састав), was used in the same context.

Yalla (band)
Yalla (Uzbek: Ялла, Yalla) is a folk rock band from Uzbekistan. They appeared in 1970 and in the 1970s–1980s and were popular across the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact countries. The most prominent song of Yalla was "Учкуду́к, три коло́дца" (trans. Uchkuduk, tri kalodtsa; Russian for "Uchkuduk, three water wells"), released in 1981, and one of the most popular hits in the USSR in 1980s.

The band is led by Farrukh Zokirov and directed by Igor Khalikov, with additional members including Abbos Aliyev, Javlon Tokhtayev and Timur Khalikov. The members of Yalla are graduates of the Ostrovsky Theatrical Art Institute and the Ashrafi State Conservatory in Tashkent.
John Haydn
John Armour Haydn (5 March 1845 – 21 May 1920) was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the second half of the 19th Century and the first decades of the 20th.

Haydn was born in Tallow, County Waterford. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained deacon in 1868, and priest in 1869. After a curacy at St Michael, Limerick he held incumbencies at Chapelrussell and Nantenan. He was Archdeacon of Limerick from 1913 until 1918. He died in Limerick, aged 75.

Archdeacon of Limerick
The Archdeacon of Limerick was a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Limerick (and later in the Church of Ireland) from the thirteenth century to the early twentieth. An early holder was Gerald Le Marescal who went on to be Bishop of the Diocese. The position is no longer used in the post Conciliar Church but it continues to exist in the Anglican diocese.
Typographical Number Theory
Typographical Number Theory (TNT) is a formal axiomatic system describing the natural numbers that appears in Douglas Hofstadter's book Gödel, Escher, Bach.  It is an implementation of Peano arithmetic that Hofstadter uses to help explain Gödel's incompleteness theorems.

Like any system implementing the Peano axioms, TNT is capable of referring to itself (it is self-referential).

Negation
In logic, negation, also called the logical not or logical complement, is an operation that takes a proposition  to another proposition "not ", written , ,  or . It is interpreted intuitively as being true when  is false, and false when  is true. For example, if  is "The dog runs", then "not " is "The dog does not run". An operand of a negation is called a negand or negatum.

Negation is a unary logical connective. It may furthermore be applied not only to propositions, but also to notions, truth values, or semantic values more generally. In classical logic, negation is normally identified with the truth function that takes truth to falsity (and vice versa). In intuitionistic logic, according to the Brouwer–Heyting–Kolmogorov interpretation, the negation of a proposition  is the proposition whose proofs are the refutations of .
Castiello Bernueces
Castiello Bernueces is a parish of the municipality of Gijón / Xixón, in Asturias, Spain.

Its population was 740 in 2003 and 1,070 in 2012.

A traditionally rural area, nowadays mainly residential, Castiello Bernueces is located on south of the city and borders Vega, Santurio and Granda in the south, and Somió and Cabueñes in the northeastern side.

In this parish is located the local Campus of the University of Oviedo.

Somió
Somió is a parish (parroquia rural in Spanish) of the municipality of Gijón / Xixón, in Asturias, Spain.

Civil parishes are the legal subdivisions of the municipalities under the current statute of autonomy of Asturias.

Its population was 6,800 in 2001 and 7,441 in 2012.

Somió is a coastal and residential district which borders the municipality of Villaviciosa in the east.
Bosana
The Bosana is the most common cultivar of olives in Sardinia. It makes up over 50% of the olive production on the island. The etymology of the name is uncertain, but it could refer to an alleged origin in the territory of Bosa. It is maintained, however, that the cultivar is of Spanish origin. It is used primarily for oil, but can also be eaten. The Bosana is a variety well adapted to less hospitable environments.

Bosa
Bosa is a town and comune in the province of Oristano (until May 2005 it was in the province of Nuoro), part of the Sardinia region of Italy. Bosa is situated about two-thirds of the way up the west coast of Sardinia, on a small hill, about 3 kilometres (2 miles) inland on the north bank of the Temo River. It is the only town on the island of Sardinia built on the banks of a river. The town has maintained a population of around 8,000 people for a significant amount of time, but has an urban character that has differentiated it from other locations in Sardinia. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy"). Agriculture and fishing play an important part in the city economy, thanks to the river valley near the coast surrounded by hills and highland plateaus.
Brissaud's reflex
Brissaud's reflex is a clinical sign in which stroking the sole of the foot elicits contraction of tensor fasciae latae. This can occur when there is no movement of the toes, and is part of the extensor plantar response (Babinski's sign).

The sign is named after Édouard Brissaud.

Plantar reflex
The plantar reflex is a reflex elicited when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument. The reflex can take one of two forms.  In healthy adults, the plantar reflex causes a downward response of the hallux (flexion).

An upward response (extension) of the hallux is known as the Babinski response or Babinski sign, named after the neurologist Joseph Babinski. The presence of the Babinski sign can identify disease of the spinal cord and brain in adults, and also exists as a primitive reflex in infants.

While first described in the medical literature by Babinski in 1896, the reflex has been identified in art at least as early as Botticelli's Virgin and Child with an Angel, painted in the mid-15th century.
Gads Hill Train Robbery
The Gads Hill Train Robbery (also known as the Great Missouri Train Robbery) was a crime committed by the James–Younger Gang in Gads Hill, Missouri. In January 1874, five members of the James–Younger gang robbed a train and stole $12,000 (equivalent to $290,000 in 2023) in cash. All five escaped.

The robbery has since been recognized as one of the most infamous crimes committed by outlaws in the American Old West.

John Younger
John Harrison Younger (c. 1851 – March 17, 1874) was an American outlaw and, briefly, a member of the James–Younger Gang. The gang also included his brothers Cole, Jim and Bob Younger and the infamous Jesse James.
Monument of the War of Independence
The Äksi Monument of the War of Independence is a monument commemorating the Estonian War of Independence (Estonian: Vabadussõda) from 1918 to 1920. It is located in Tartu Parish in the village of Voldi, near the northern end of the village of Äksi where the road Äksi-Kukulinna joins the road Tartu-Jogeva-Aravete.

Tartu Parish
Tartu Parish (Estonian: Tartu vald) is a rural municipality in Tartu County, Estonia. It has a population of 12,725 (as of 1 December 2022) and covers an area of 742 km2 (286 sq mi). The population density is 17.150/km2 (44.42/sq mi). It has one borough (Raadi), six small boroughs (Äksi, Kõrveküla, Lähte, Tabivere, Vahi and Vasula) and 70 villages.

Since 2017, the parish mayor (vallavanem) is Jarno Laur.
Malvar station
Malvar LRT station, also known as Gen. Malvar station, is a proposed but shelved station on the Manila LRT Line 1 under the North Extension Project. The station will be located on the intersection of Epifanio de los Santos Avenue and General Malvar Street in Bagong Barrio, Caloocan. Once built, it will serve passengers to LRT Line-1 from the North Luzon Expressway along with Balintawak station.

It is the first planned infill station of Line 1.

Balintawak station
Balintawak station is an elevated Light Rail Transit (LRT) station located on the LRT Line 1 (LRT-1) system located along EDSA at the boundary of barangays Balingasa, Unang Sigaw, and Apolonio Samson in Quezon City, Philippines. It opened on March 22, 2010 as part of the LRT-1 North Extension Project. The station serves passengers going to and from the northern parts of Luzon using the North Luzon Expressway.

Balintawak is one of two LRT-1 stations serving Quezon City, with the other being Fernando Poe Jr. It is the second station for trains headed to Dr. Santos and the twenty-fourth station for trains headed to Fernando Poe Jr.

The station is situated in front of the Balintawak Market, near the Quezon City–Caloocan boundary and the Balintawak Cloverleaf.
Gmina Maciejowice
Gmina Maciejowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Garwolin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Maciejowice, which lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) south of Garwolin and 70 km (43 mi) south-east of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 172.67 square kilometres (66.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,287.

Garwolin
Garwolin [ɡarˈvɔlʲin] ⓘ is a town on the Wilga river in eastern Poland, capital of Garwolin County, situated in the southeast part of the Garwolin plateau in Masovian Voivodeship, 62 km (39 mi) southeast of Warsaw, 100 km (62 mi) northwest of Lublin. As of December 2021, the town has 17,566 inhabitants.
Pat Fox
Patrick Fox (born 8 July 1961)  is an Irish former hurling manager and player. At club level he played with Éire Óg Annacarty and at inter-county level was a member of the Tipperary senior hurling team.

West Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The West Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Tipperary Co-Op West Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship) is an annual hurling competition organised by the West Tipperary Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association since 1930 for senior hurling teams in West Tipperary, Ireland.

The championship has always been played using a knock-out format.

The West Tipperary Championship was, until recent times, an integral part of the wider Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship. The winners and runners-up of the West Tipperary Championship joined their counterparts from the other three divisions to contest the county championship quarter-finals.

Four teams currently participate in the West Tipperary Championship. The title has been won at least once by 13 different teams. The all-time record-holders are Clonoulty-Rossmore, who have won a total of 20 titles.
Earl Patrick Freeman
Earl Patrick Freeman (August 23, 1932 – December 28, 1989) was a Canadian professional wrestler, best known by his ring name Paddy Ryan, who competed in North American and international promotions during the 1950s and 60s.

While competing in western Canada and the Pacific Northwest, Freeman was involved in memorable feuds with Lumberjack Luke, Ripper Collins and "Crippler" Ray Stevens as a mainstay of NWA All-Star Wrestling, Pacific Northwest Wrestling and Stampede Wrestling during the late 1970s.

Ripper Collins (wrestler)
Roy Lee Albern (October 10, 1933 – November 12, 1991), known by the ring name Ripper Collins, was an American professional wrestler, who primarily wrestled for 50th State Big Time Wrestling, also known as NWA Hawaii.
Cynghordy railway station
Cynghordy railway station (Welsh pronunciationⓘ) serves the rural community of Cynghordy near Llandovery, Carmarthenshire, Wales. The station is on the Heart of Wales Line 46+3⁄4 miles (75 km) north east of Swansea and is located at street level at the end of a gravel track off a lane that is just off the main A483 road.

After departing this station heading northbound, the train crosses the Cynghordy Viaduct where panoramic views of the surrounding countryside can be seen. The grade II* listed 18-arch viaduct carries the route across the Afon Bran valley on a gentle curve - it is 102 feet (31 m) high and 850 feet (260 m) long and was built from sandstone and brick between 1867 and 1868. The viaduct is visible, using good binoculars, from the highest Black Mountain ridges.

Swansea railway station
Swansea railway station serves the city of Swansea, Wales. It is sited 216 miles 7 chains (348 km) from London Paddington, via Stroud, on the National Rail network, although most services use a shorter route via Bristol Parkway. In 2023/24, it was the third-busiest station in Wales, after Cardiff Central and Newport.
2010–11 Cardiff City F.C. season
The 2010–11 season was Cardiff City F.C.'s 84th in the Football League since joining in 1920. The season has been nicknamed "I'll be there", which is to promote the celebration of 100 years as a club under its current name. They will play their eighth consecutive year in the second tier of English football, the Football League Championship, after being beaten by Blackpool in the play-off final last season. Malaysian businessman Datuk Chan Tien Ghee became the successor of Peter Ridsdale as Cardiff City chairman. The £6m deal was confirmed on 27 May 2010.

Peter Ridsdale
Peter Ridsdale (born 11 March 1952) is an English businessman who is a director at Preston North End. He was until December 2011 the Chairman of Football Operations at Plymouth Argyle. Ridsdale was previously the chairman of Leeds United, Barnsley and Cardiff City.
Guaiene
Guaienes are a series of closely related natural chemical compounds that have been isolated from a variety of plant sources.  The guaienes are sesquiterpenes with the molecular formula C15H24.  α-Guaiene is the most common and was first isolated from guaiac wood oil from Bulnesia sarmientoi.  The guaienes are used in the fragrance and flavoring industries to impart earthy, spicy aromas and tastes.

Sesquiterpene
Sesquiterpenes are a class of terpenes that consist of three isoprene units and often have the molecular formula C15H24. Like monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes may be cyclic or contain rings, including many combinations. Biochemical modifications such as oxidation or rearrangement produce the related sesquiterpenoids.  It is estimated (2006) that 3000 sesquiterpenes have been identified.
Dolnji Vrh
Dolnji Vrh (pronounced [ˈdoːlnji ˈʋəɾx]; in older sources also Dolenji Vrh, German: Unterwerch) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

The local church is dedicated to John the Baptist and belongs to the Parish of Primskovo. It dates to the 16th century.

Gradišče, Šmartno pri Litiji
Gradišče (pronounced [ɡɾaˈdiːʃtʃɛ]; German: Gradische),  officially Gradišče - K. o. Grad. in Polj. (Gradišče in the Cadastral Districts of Gradišče and Poljane), is a small settlement in the Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. It includes the hamlets of Kremenjek and Primskova Gora (German: Primskauberg).
Edirne Province
Edirne Province (Turkish: Edirne ili) is a Turkish province located in East Thrace. Part of European Turkey, it is one of only three provinces located entirely within continental Europe. Its area is 6,145 km2, and its population is 414,714 (2022). Edirne Province is bordered by Tekirdağ Province and Kırklareli Province to the east, and the Gallipoli peninsula of Çanakkale Province to the south-east. It shares international borders with Bulgaria (Haskovo and Yambol Provinces) to the north and Greece (Eastern Macedonia and Thrace) to the west. Edirne is the capital of the province, and the largest city. It is the only province of Turkey that borders Greece.

Provinces of Turkey
Turkey is divided into 81 provinces (Turkish: il). Each province is divided into a number of districts (ilçe). Each provincial government is seated in the central district (merkez ilçe). For non-metropolitan municipality designated provinces, the central district bears the name of the province (e.g. the city/district of Rize is the central district of Rize Province). In the Ottoman Empire, the corresponding unit was the vilayet.

Each province is administered by an appointed governor (vali) from the Ministry of the Interior.
Ronald A. Rasband
Ronald A. Rasband (born February 6, 1951) is a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). He has been a general authority of the church since 2000. Currently, he is the eighth most senior apostle in the church.

Seventy (LDS Church)
Seventy is a priesthood office in the Melchizedek priesthood of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Traditionally, a church member holding this priesthood office is a "traveling minister" and an "especial witness" of Jesus Christ, charged with the mission of preaching the gospel to the entire world under the direction of the Twelve Apostles. The church teaches that the office of seventy was anciently conferred upon the seventy disciples mentioned in the Gospel of Luke  10:1-2. Multiple individuals holding the office of seventy are referred to collectively as seventies.
Timeline of the Argentine War of Independence
The Argentine War of Independence was fought from 1810 to 1818 by Argentine patriotic forces under Manuel Belgrano, Juan José Castelli and José de San Martín against royalist forces loyal to the Spanish crown. On July 9, 1816, an assembly met in San Miguel de Tucumán, declared full independence with provisions for a national constitution.

Argentine Declaration of Independence
The Independence of the Argentine Republic (or La Independencia de Argentina in Spanish) was declared on July 9, 1816, by the Congress of Tucumán. In reality, the congressmen who were assembled in Tucumán declared the independence of the United Provinces of South America, which is one of the official names of the Argentine Republic. The Federal League Provinces, at war with the United Provinces, were not allowed into the Congress. At the same time, several provinces from the Upper Peru that would later become part of present-day Bolivia, were represented at the Congress.