hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rosablanche
The Rosablanche is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, overlooking the Lac des Dix in the canton of Valais. It lies on the range between the valleys of Bagnes (west) and Hérémence (east), north of Le Pleureur.

Bagnes
Bagnes (French pronunciation: [baɲ] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the district of Entremont in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021 the former municipalities of Bagnes and Vollèges merged to form the new municipality of Val de Bagnes.

With an area of 282 km2 (108.88 sq mi), Bagnes used to be the largest municipality of Switzerland until the formation of Glarus Süd in 2011.
Jeremy Caniglia
Jeremy Caniglia (born July 13, 1970) is an American figurative painter and illustrator, primarily in fantasy and horror genres. He has done book and magazine illustration, conceptual artwork, book and album covers, and comic books, and his work is in several important public collections including the Joslyn Art Museum and Iowa State University. His art has also been shown at the Society of Illustrators' Museum of Illustration.

Edward Lee (writer)
Edward Lee (born May 25, 1957) is an American horror novelist who has written 40 books, more than half of which have been published by mass-market New York City paperback companies such as Leisure/Dorchester, Berkley, and Zebra/Kensington. He is a Bram Stoker award nominee for his story “Mr. Torso”, and his short stories have appeared in over a dozen mass-market anthologies, including the award-winning “999”. Several of his novels have sold translation rights to Germany, Greece, Romania, and Poland. He also publishes quite actively in the small-press/limited-edition hardcover market; many of his books in this category have become collector's items.
Showa/Nakajima L2D
The Shōwa L2D and Nakajima L2D, given the designations Shōwa Navy Type 0 Transport and Nakajima Navy Type 0 Transport(零式輸送機), were license-built versions of the Douglas DC-3. The L2D series, numerically, was the most important Japanese transport in World War II. The L2D was given the Allied code name Tabby.

China National Aviation Corporation
The China National Aviation Corporation (Chinese: 中國航空公司) was a Chinese airline which was nationalized after the Chinese Communist Party took control in 1949, and merged into the People's Aviation Company of China (中國人民航空公司) in 1952. It was a major airline under the Nationalist government of China until the 90s.

It was headquartered in Shanghai as of 1938.
Edward Echols
Edward Echols (September 2, 1849 – December 19, 1914) was a U.S. political figure from the Commonwealth of Virginia.  Echols held office as the 18th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia from 1898 to 1902.

Edward Echols was born in Monroe County (now in West Virginia). There is some confusion over his birth year, but he is listed in the 1850 census as being one year old in September 1850. He and his family moved to Staunton, Virginia, after the Civil War.  He also served for six years in the Virginia House of Delegates and for a total of twelve years in the Senate of Virginia.  His father, John Echols, was a brigadier general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Echols served as the National Valley Bank's third president from 1905 to 1915.

His house at Staunton, known as Oakdene, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Lieutenant Governor of Virginia
The lieutenant governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia is a constitutional officer of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The lieutenant governor is elected every four years along with the governor and attorney general.

The office is currently held by Ghazala Hashmi, who was elected in 2025 and is the second woman and fourth person of color to hold this position. The governor and lieutenant governor are elected separately and thus may be of different political parties. The lieutenant governor serves as the president of the Senate of Virginia and is first in the line of succession to the governorship; if the governor dies, resigns, or otherwise leaves office, the lieutenant governor becomes governor. In Virginia, the governor is not permitted to serve consecutive terms, but the lieutenant governor may do so, and has no term limit.
Angelina Michshuk
Angelina Michshuk (Kazakh: Ангелина Мищук; born May 1, 1988) is a Kazakhstani sport shooter. She won a bronze medal in the women's skeet at the 2012 Asian Shooting Championships in Doha, Qatar, with a total score of 91 targets, earning her a spot on the Kazakhstan team for the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Competing in the women's skeet at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Michshuk placed ninth in the qualifying rounds of her event, one point ahead of French shooter and two-time Olympian Veronique Girardet, with a total score of 66 targets.

Véronique Girardet
Véronique Girardet (born September 10, 1965 in Besançon) is a French sport shooter. She set a world record of 96 targets by winning the gold medal for women's skeet shooting at the 2005 ISSF World Championships in Lonato, Italy.

At age forty-two, Girardet made her official debut for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she competed in women's skeet shooting. She placed sixteenth out of nineteen shooters in the qualifying rounds of the event, with a total score of 63 points.

At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Girardet improved her performance from the previous games by hitting a total of 66 targets in women's skeet, finishing only in tenth place, behind Kazakhstan's Angelina Mishchuk.

Girardet is also a member of ST Castillonnaise for the shooting class, and is coached and trained by Bruno Rossetti and Antony Szewc.
Monte Porzio
Monte Porzio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pesaro e Urbino in the Italian region Marche, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of Ancona and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Pesaro.

Monte Porzio borders the following municipalities: Corinaldo, Mondavio,   San Costanzo, Terre Roveresche, and Trecastelli. It is an agricultural and industrial center on the hills of the left bank of the lower Val Cesano. In the 19th century it was renowned for the production of scissors.

Ancona
Ancona (/æŋˈkoʊnə/, also US: /ænˈ-, ɑːnˈ-/; Italian: [aŋˈkoːna] ⓘ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region of central Italy. The city of Ancona has an estimated population of around 99,469 as of 2025. Ancona is the capital of the homonymous province and of the region. The city is located 280 km (170 mi) northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic Sea, between the slopes of the two extremities of the promontory of Monte Conero, Monte Astagno and Monte Guasco. The hilly nature around Ancona is a strong contrast to the flatter coastline in areas further north.

Ancona is one of the main ports on the Adriatic Sea, especially for passenger traffic, and is the main economic and demographic centre of the region.

As a result of Ancona's unique elbow shape facing the sea, Ancona is one of the few cities in the world and the only city in Italy where it is possible to see both sunrise and sunset over the sea.
Coromandel Volcanic Zone
The Coromandel Volcanic Zone (CVZ) is an extinct intraplate volcanic arc stretching from Great Barrier Island in the north, through the Coromandel Peninsula, to the Kaimai Range in the south. The area of transition between it and the newer and still active Taupō Volcanic Zone is now usually separated and is called the Tauranga Volcanic Centre. Its volcanic activity was associated with the formation and most active period of the Hauraki Rift.

Whitianga
Whitianga is a town on the Coromandel Peninsula, in the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. The town is located on Mercury Bay, on the northeastern coast of the peninsula. The town has a permanent population of 6,140 as of June 2025, making it the second-largest town on the Coromandel Peninsula behind Thames.
1985 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1985 were appointments by most of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries, and honorary ones to citizens of other countries. They were announced on 31 December 1984 to celebrate the year passed and mark the beginning of 1985 in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Barbados, Mauritius, Fiji, the Bahamas, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Antigua and Barbuda, and Saint Christopher and Nevis.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Inland Revenue
The Inland Revenue was, until April 2005, a department of the British Government responsible for the collection of direct taxation, including income tax, national insurance contributions, capital gains tax, inheritance tax, corporation tax, petroleum revenue tax and stamp duty. More recently, the Inland Revenue also administered the Tax Credits schemes, whereby monies, such as Working Tax Credit (WTC) and Child Tax Credit (CTC), are paid by the government into a recipient's bank account or as part of their wages. The Inland Revenue was also responsible for the payment of child benefit (from 1999).

The Inland Revenue was merged with HM Customs and Excise to form HM Revenue and Customs which came into existence on 18 April 2005. The current name was promoted by the use of the expression "from Revenue and Customs" in a series of annual radio, and to a lesser extent, television public information broadcasts in the 2000s and 2010s.
Fruit by the Foot
Fruit by the Foot is a fruit snack made by General Mills and distributed under the Betty Crocker brand. It was introduced in 1991 in North America. It is still in production. A similar product, Fruit Winders (previously Real Fruit Winders and Screamin' Fruit Winders), was released by Kellanova in the United Kingdom and Ireland. In August 2023, Fruit by the Foot had a rebrand, which included new packaging and logo.

Fruit snack
A fruit snack is a type of gummy candy made with fruit flavoring and gelatin. They were first made by confectioner Louis Shalhoub in the 1970s as a high energy candy for backpackers. Although they are often marketed as a healthier alternative to regular gummy candies, the veracity of these claims is disputed, as they typically contain fruit flavoring instead of actual fruit.
International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness
The International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPB) is a global alliance of eye health organisations working for the prevention of blindness and vision impairment. IAPB was established in 1975 to work as an umbrella body for global blindness prevention activities. This agency is a partner of World Health Organization.

In 1999, IAPB and the World Health Organization launched Vision 2020: The Right to Sight, a global initiative to eliminate avoidable blindness, which has achieved some success, though it did not meet all its goals.

Also known as: Agenzia internazionale per la prevenzione della cecità, Organisation mondiale contre la cécité,
Organismo Internacional de Prevención de la Ceguera, and உலக கண்ணொளி தினம்.

Sightsavers
Sightsavers is an international non-governmental organisation that works with partners in developing countries to treat and prevent avoidable blindness, and promote equality for people with visual impairments and other disabilities. It is based in Haywards Heath in the United Kingdom, with branches in Sweden, Norway, India, Italy, Republic of Ireland, the United Arab Emirates, and the US.

The charity was founded in 1950 by Sir John Wilson and was originally called the British Empire Society for the Blind, then the Royal Commonwealth Society for the Blind. Its patron is Princess Alexandra. Between 1950 and 2024, Sightsavers distributed over 1.85 billion treatments to prevent potentially debilitating diseases, supported 9.7 million sight-restoring cataract operations and trained over 381,000 people with disabilities to help them earn a living.
1946 Southern Rhodesian general election
General elections were held in Southern Rhodesia on 25 April 1946, seven years after the previous elections in 1939, the term of the Southern Rhodesian Legislative Assembly having been extended so that there would be no general elections during World War II. The elections showed a strong shift to the right, as the United Party government led by Prime Minister Godfrey Huggins lost its overall majority; however, Huggins could count on the support of one of the factions of the Rhodesia Labour Party in any vote of confidence and therefore remained in office.

1939 Southern Rhodesian general election
General elections were held in Southern Rhodesia on 14 April 1939, the fifth elections since the colony of Southern Rhodesia was granted internal self-government. Prime Minister Godfrey Huggins' United Party government were re-elected in a landslide. The elections were called slightly earlier than the deadline as Huggins feared the German invasion of Czechoslovakia would lead to European War.
Electoral district of West Maitland
West Maitland was an electoral district for the Legislative Assembly in the Australian State of New South Wales from 1859 to 1904, including the town of Maitland. It was abolished in 1904 due to the re-distribution of electorates following the 1903 New South Wales referendum, which required the number of members of the Legislative Assembly to be reduced from 125 to 90. It was largely replaced by the new district of Maitland and the balance absorbed by Northumberland.

Electoral districts of New South Wales
The New South Wales Legislative Assembly is elected from single-member electorates called districts, returning 93 members since the 1999 election. Prior to 1927 some districts returned multiple members, including 1920-1927 when all districts returned three, four or five members. Parramatta is the only district to have continuously existed since the establishment of the Assembly in 1856.
Mahler polynomial
In mathematics, the Mahler polynomials gn(x) are polynomials introduced by Mahler in his work on the zeros of the incomplete gamma function.

Mahler polynomials are given by the generating function

Which is close to the generating function of the Touchard polynomials.

The first few examples are (sequence A008299 in the OEIS)

Touchard polynomials
The Touchard polynomials, studied by Jacques Touchard (1956), also called the exponential polynomials or Bell polynomials, comprise a polynomial sequence of binomial type defined by

where  is a Stirling number of the second kind, i.e., the number of partitions of a set of size n into k disjoint non-empty subsets.

The first few Touchard polynomials are
Distal spinal muscular atrophy type 1
Distal spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (DSMA1), also known as spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1), is a rare neuromuscular disorder involving death of motor neurons in the spinal cord which leads to a generalised progressive atrophy of body muscles.

The condition is caused by a genetic mutation in the IGHMBP2 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. There is no known cure to DSMA1, and research of the disorder is still in early stages due to low incidence and high mortality rates.

Distal hereditary motor neuronopathies
Distal hereditary motor neuronopathies (distal HMNs, DHMNs, or dHMNs; sometimes also called distal hereditary motor neuropathies) are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of motor neuron diseases that result from genetic mutations in various genes and are characterized by degeneration and loss of motor neuron cells in the anterior horn of the spinal cord and subsequent muscle atrophy.

Although they can hardly be distinguished from hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies on the clinical level, dHMNs are considered a separate class of disorders.

Another common system of classification groups many of DHMNs under the heading of spinal muscular atrophies.
Battle of Wilmington
The Battle of Wilmington or the Wilmington Campaign was a series of battles and skirmishes fought February 11–22, 1865, during the American Civil War, mostly outside the city of Wilmington, North Carolina, between the opposing Union and Confederate Departments of North Carolina. The Union victory in January in the Second Battle of Fort Fisher meant that Wilmington, 30 miles upriver, could no longer be used by the Confederacy as a port. It fell to Union troops after they overcame Confederate defenses along the Cape Fear River south of the city. The Confederate General Braxton Bragg burned stores of tobacco and cotton, among other supplies and equipment, before leaving the city, to prevent the Union from seizing them.

Robert Hoke
Robert Frederick Hoke (May 27, 1837 – July 3, 1912) was a Confederate major general during the American Civil War. He was present at one of the earliest battles, the Battle of Big Bethel, where he was commended for coolness and judgment. Wounded at Chancellorsville, he recovered in time for the defense of Petersburg and Richmond. His brigade distinguished itself at Cold Harbor (June 1864), acknowledged by Grant as his most costly defeat. Hoke was later a businessman and railroad executive.
Vigaña (Belmonte)
Vigaña is one of 15 parishes in Belmonte de Miranda, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

It is 6.36 km2 (2.46 sq mi) in size with a population of 32 (INE 2011).

Belmonte de Miranda
Belmonte de Miranda (Asturian: Miranda) is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It is bordered on the north by Salas, on the east by Grado, to the south by Somiedo and Teverga, and on the west by Tineo.
Stone Rural District
Stone Rural District was a rural district in Staffordshire, England. It was created in 1894 and abolished by virtue of the Local Government Act 1972 in 1974. It was originally formed of the civil parishes of Barlaston, Chebsey, Cold Norton, Eccleshall, Milwich, Sandon, Standon, Stone Rural, Swynnerton and Trentham. In 1897 two new civil parishes were added, Fulford and Hilderstone.

In 1922, Hanford and most of Trentham were transferred to Stoke-on-Trent County Borough. In 1932 Cold Norton was abolished with two changes to the district whereby parts of Swynnerton and Trentham were transferred to Newcastle-under-Lyme Rural District and parts of Stone Rural moved into Stone Urban District. In 1956 more of Stone Rural was transferred into Stone Urban District. Finally, in 1965 parts of Barlaston, Fulford and Swynnerton transferred into Stoke-on-Trent. On abolition the remaining areas became part of the Borough of Stafford.

Chebsey
Chebsey is a small village in Staffordshire 2.5 miles southeast of Eccleshall on a confluence of Eccleshall water and the River Sow some 5 miles northwest of Stafford. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 566. It comprises a number of houses and cottages and a village church dedicated to All Saints.
Cyperus koyaliensis
Cyperus koyaliensis is a species of sedge found in Africa, having been registered in Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Nigeria and the Central African Republic.

The species was first formally described by the botanist Henri Chermezon in 1936.

Cyperus
Cyperus is a large genus of about 700 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions.

The word comes from the ancient Greek κύπερος (kúperos), which meant one or several species of this genus. Common names include papyrus sedges, flatsedges, nutsedges, umbrella-sedges, galingales, and zozoro (from Malagasy).
Wundersmith: The Calling of Morrigan Crow
Wundersmith: The Calling of Morrigan Crow is an Australian fantasy novel written by Jessica Townsend as the second book in The Nevermoor series. The novel was published by Lothian Books on October 30, 2018, in Australia, Orion Books in the United Kingdom and Little, Brown on November 13, 2018, in the United States. Wundersmith follows Morrigan Crow as she undergoes Nevermoorian schooling, learns and challenges her place within the prestigious Wundrous Society, and manages being a Wundersmith, a type of magician who can control the mysterious energy of Wunder.

Orion Publishing Group
Orion Publishing Group Ltd is a British book publisher. It was founded in 1991 and acquired Weidenfeld & Nicolson the following year. The group has published numerous bestselling books by notable authors including Ian Rankin, Michael Connelly, Nemir Kirdar, and Quentin Tarantino.
Sanković noble family
The Sanković family was a powerful Bosnian noble family active in the 14th and start of the 15th century in Hum, serving the Serbian and Bosnian monarchies. Their seat was in Glavatičevo, where the family burial place is also located (hamlet Biskupi), and their estates included Nevesinje and Popovo Polje in what is today Herzegovina and Konavle in southern Dalmatia.

Glavatičevo
Glavatičevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Главатичево) is a small village in Konjic Municipality, Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is a central village to a group of villages of a wider Glavatičevo, positioned 30 km southeast of Konjic, within a wide Župa Valley straddling the Neretva river. The village and its wider areal, with surrounding villages and the valley, is also referred to as Župa Glavatičevo, or Komska Župa, or simply Župa (transl. parish).
Indians in the United Arab Emirates
Indians in the United Arab Emirates constitute the largest part of the population of the country. Over 4.3 million Indian expats are estimated to be living in the United Arab Emirates, with over 35% of the country's total population and the second highest number of overseas Indians in the world after the United States, ahead of Saudi Arabia and Malaysia. Indian contact with the emirates that now constitute the UAE dates back several centuries, as a result of trade and commerce between the emirates and India. The UAE has experienced a tremendous increase in the population of resident Indians who initially migrated to the country as a result of opportunities in petroleum. Now, Indians are key to the UAE's construction, retail, financial services, healthcare, manufacturing and transport sectors. A sizeable minority of Indian migrants are involved in professional services and entrepreneurship. Relations between India and the UAE have traditionally been very friendly.

Sunny Varkey
Sunny Varkey (born 9 April 1957) is an Indian education entrepreneur and philanthropist based in Dubai. He is the founder and executive chairman of the global advisory and educational management firm GEMS Education, which is the largest operator of private kindergarten-to-grade-12 schools in the world, with a network of over 80 schools in over a dozen countries.

He is also the chairman of the umbrella business organisation the Varkey Group, and the founder and trustee of the philanthropic Varkey Foundation. As of 2012, Varkey is also a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador. And in June 2015, Varkey committed to The Giving Pledge, vowing to donate at least half of his money to philanthropic causes over his lifetime. He is the first education entrepreneur to join the pledge.

According to Forbes, Varkey is one of India's richest billionaires with a net worth of $3.5 billion.
Miguel Ángel Rodríguez (squash player)
Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Forero (born December 20, 1985, in Bogotá), known as Miguel Rodríguez, is a professional male squash player who represents Colombia. He reached a career-high world ranking of World No. 4 in June 2015.

Professional Squash Association
The Professional Squash Association, or simply the PSA, is the governing body for the men's and women's professional squash circuit. The body operates in a similar fashion to the ATP and the WTA for tennis. The PSA's highest professional level, the PSA Squash Tour involves over 250 tournaments annually around the world. Over 1,200 players from five continents and more than 60 countries are registered with the PSA. Rankings are updated weekly based on performances.