hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Harold Alexander Abramson
Harold Alexander Abramson (November 27, 1899 – September 29, 1980) was an American physician (clinical allergist), remembered as a proponent of therapeutic LSD. He played a significant role in the CIA's MKULTRA program to investigate the possible applications for LSD.

Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation
The Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, or Macy Foundation, is a private, philanthropic grantmaking organization founded in 1930 by Kate Macy Ladd (1863–1945) in honor of her father, Josiah W. Macy Jr. It is the only national foundation dedicated solely to improving the education of health professionals.
Barajally
Barajally   is a small village in central Gambia. It is located in Niani District in the Central River Division.  As of 2008, it has an estimated population of 878.

It is the birthplace of President Dawda Jawara.

Central River Division
Central River is the largest of the five regions of the Gambia. Its capital is Janjanbureh (formerly Georgetown), on MacCarthy Island. The largest settlement is Bansang, with an estimated population in 2008 of 8,381.

Until 1995 the division was known as MacCarthy Island Division, which had been established as one of five administrative areas of Gambia Protectorate in the early 20th century. It is located on both sides of the Gambia River, and its total population according to the 2013 census is 226,018. The total number of households is 17,399 as of 2003. As of 2003, the total area of the region is 2894.3 km2.
Vernon Richards
Vernon Richards (born Vero Benvenuto Costantino Recchioni, 19 July 1915 – 10 December 2001) was an Anglo-Italian anarchist, editor, author, engineer, photographer and the companion of Marie-Louise Berneri.

Richards' founding of the paper Spain and the World in 1936 lead to the revival of the British anarchist publisher Freedom Press and the subsequent publishing of the newspaper War Commentary, followed in 1945 by the relaunch of Freedom newspaper.

Richards and Berneri were joined in Freedom Press by a group of regular contributors, including John Hewetson, Tony Gibson, Philip Sansom, George Woodcock and Colin Ward. Freedom remained under Richards' editorship until 1968 and he retained a strong influence over Freedom Press until his retirement. He also authored and translated a number of books including Lessons of the Spanish Revolution (1953) and Errico Malatesta: His Life & Ideas (1965).

George Woodcock
George Woodcock (May 8, 1912 – January 28, 1995) was a Canadian writer of political biography and history, an anarchist thinker, a philosopher, an essayist and literary critic. He was also a poet and published several volumes of travel writing. In 1959 he was the founding editor of the journal Canadian Literature which was the first academic journal specifically dedicated to Canadian writing. He is most commonly known outside Canada for his book Anarchism: A History of Libertarian Ideas and Movements (1962).
Yeniseysk constituency
The Yeniseysk constituency (No.56) is a Russian legislative constituency in Krasnoyarsk Krai. The constituency covers mostly northern sparsely populated Krasnoyarsk Krai and the city of Norilsk, which accounts for more than 3/4 territory of the region, making Yeniseysk constituency the second-largest constituency in Russia by area (after Yakutsk constituency).

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Aleksey Veller, a two-term State Duma member and former Murmansk constituency representative, who switched to this open seat after prior United Russia incumbent Raisa Karmazina decided to successfully seek re-election only by party-list representation.

Yakutsk constituency
The Yakutsk constituency (No.24) is a Russian legislative constituency in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The constituency encompasses the entire territory of Yakutia. Yakutsk constituency is the largest single-mandate territorial constituency in the world (roughly the size of India).

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by Communist deputy Petr Ammosov, a party activist, who narrowly defeated three-term A Just Russia – For Truth incumbent Fedot Tumusov (Tumusov was simultaneously elected by party list representation).
R/T
R/T is the performance marker used on Dodge/Chrysler automobiles since the 1960s (similar to Chevrolet's Super Sport; or SS). R/T stands for Road/Track. R/T models usually come with R/T badging and a combination of upgraded suspension, tires, brakes, and often more powerful engines. Many models have also come with monotone paint and stripes as well as aggressive body kits.

In 2004, the Chrysler SRT (Street and Racing Technology) division replaced R/T as the high performance auto group for Dodge vehicles, though the trim level is still in use on many current models with more powerful engines and cosmetic changes such as different rims and bumpers and grills and the R/T badge.

Chrysler Hemi engine
The Chrysler Hemi engine, known by the trademark Hemi or HEMI, is a series of high-performance American overhead valve V8 engines built by Chrysler with hemispherical combustion chambers. Three generations have been produced: the FirePower series (with displacements from 241 to 392 cu in (3.9 to 6.4 L) from 1951 until 1958; a 426 cu in (7.0 L) race and street engine from 1964 through 1971; and family of advanced Hemis (displacing between 5.7 and 6.4 L (348 and 391 cu in) since 2003.

Although Chrysler is most identified with "Hemi" as a marketing term, many other auto manufacturers have incorporated Hemispherical cylinder head designs.

During the 1970s and 1980s, Chrysler also applied the term Hemi to their Australian-made Hemi-6 Engine, and a 4-cylinder Mitsubishi 2.6 L engine installed in various North American market vehicles.
1910 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1910 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the German writer Paul Heyse (1830–1914) "as a tribute to the consummate artistry, permeated with idealism, which he has demonstrated during his long productive career as a lyric poet, dramatist, novelist and writer of world-renowned short stories." He is the third German recipient of the prize after Rudolf Christoph Eucken in 1908.

1908 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 1908 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the German philosopher Rudolf Christoph Eucken (1846–1926) "in recognition of his earnest search for truth, his penetrating power of thought, his wide range of vision, and the warmth and strength in presentation with which in his numerous works he has vindicated and developed an idealistic philosophy of life." He is the second German to be awarded the prize and the first philosopher to be a recipient.
Come All You Warriors
"Come All You Warriors" (also known as "Father Murphy") is a ballad concerning the 1798 Rising. The narrative focuses on the predominant figure in the Wexford Rising, Father John Murphy of the parish of Boulavogue.

The song was written within a couple of years of the Rising, and is one of the bases for "Boulavogue", written by P.J. McCall 100 years later for the centenary commemorations.

The song is referenced in the Memoirs of Joseph Holt, general of the Irish rebels in 1798, where he states:

'The fragments of a popular song of this period, which I picked up last summer (1836) in a tour through the county of Wexford asserts that
At the Windmill hills, and at Enniscorthy,
The British fencibles they ran like deers,
But our ranks were scattered and sorely battered,
For the want of Kyan and his Shelmaliers.'

Frank Harte
Frank Harte (14 May 1933 – 27 June 2005) was a traditional Irish singer, song collector, architect and lecturer. He was born in Chapelizod, County Dublin, and raised in Dublin. His father, Peter Harte, who had moved from a farming background in Sligo, owned 'The Tap' pub in Chapelizod.

Harte emigrated to the United States for a short period, but returned to Ireland where he worked as an architect, lecturer at the Dublin Institute of Technology in Rathmines, Dublin before concentrating fully on singing and collecting songs.
Interstate 182 Bridge
The Interstate 182 (I-182) Bridge, officially the Lee–Volpentest Bridges, is the collective name for a pair of bridges carrying Interstate 182 over the Columbia River between Pasco and Richland in the U.S. state of Washington. They are named after Glenn C. Lee, publisher of the Tri-City Herald, and Sam Volpentest, a prominent local businessman. It is one of three bridges connecting Pasco to the other members of the Tri-Cities of Washington (Kennewick and Richland), along with the Cable Bridge and the Blue Bridge.

Richland, Washington
Richland (/ˈrɪtʃlənd/) is a city in Benton County, Washington, United States. It is located in southeastern Washington at the confluence of the Yakima and the Columbia Rivers. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 60,560. Along with the nearby cities of Pasco and Kennewick, Richland forms the Tri-Cities metropolitan area.

The townsite was established in 1905 and incorporated as Richland in 1910. The U.S. Army acquired the city and surrounding areas in 1943 for the establishment of the Hanford nuclear site, part of the Manhattan Project during World War II. Richland was transformed into a bedroom community for Hanford workers and grew to 25,000 residents by the end of the war. The city remained under control of Hanford contractors until it was re-incorporated as a city in 1958.
Flora and fauna of Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh, often called the "Heart of India", is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal. Madhya Pradesh was the largest state in India until 1 November 2000 when the state of Chhattisgarh was carved out. It borders the states of Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan.

Bandhavgarh National Park
Bandhavgarh National Park is a national park of India, located in the Umaria district of Madhya Pradesh. It spreads over an area of 105 km2 (41 sq mi) and was declared a national park in 1968. It became Tiger Reserve in 1993 with a core area of 716 km2 (276 sq mi).

Bandhavgarh  was part of the princely state of Rewa, and it was a hunting destination for kings. It is known for the abundance of forest and wild animals, especially tigers.
Josef Svoboda (scientist)
Josef Svoboda CM (16 July 1929 – 21 November 2022) was a Canadian Arctic tundra scientist and botanist, who was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada (2019) for his pioneering scientific contributions regarding the Arctic tundra ecosystems, and his lifelong mentorship of scientists.

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research
Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (University of Colorado Boulder). It covers research on all aspects of Arctic, Antarctic, and alpine environments, including subarctic, subantarctic, subalpine, and paleoenvironments. Jack D. Ives founded the journal in 1969   as Arctic and Alpine Research and the name was expanded to include the Antarctic in 1999. The co-editors are Anne E. Jennings and Diane McKnight (University of Colorado Boulder).
One Night Stand (American TV series)
One Night Stand is an HBO stand-up series that first aired on February 15, 1989. The half-hour series aired weekly and featured stand-up comedy specials from some of the top performing comedians. The series originally comprised 55 specials over the course of its four years on HBO.

D. L. Hughley
Darryl Lynn Hughley (/ˈhjuːɡliː/; born March 6, 1963) is an American actor and stand-up comedian. Hughley is best known as the original host of BET's ComicView from 1992 to 1993, the eponymous character on the ABC/UPN sitcom The Hughleys, and as one of the "Big Four" comedians in The Original Kings of Comedy. Additionally, he has been the host of CNN's D. L. Hughley Breaks the News, a correspondent for The Jay Leno Show on NBC, and a local radio personality and interviewer in New York City. In early 2013, D. L. Hughley landed in ninth place on Dancing with the Stars.
Aircraft Industries L 410 NG
Aircraft Industries L 410 NG ("New Generation") is a twin-engine 19-seat aircraft manufactured by the Czech company, Aircraft Industries (formerly Let Kunovice). The aircraft is an upgraded version of the Let L 410 UVP-E20. The first flight took place on 29 July 2015. Serial production of the L 410 NG began in March 2018.

General Electric H-Series
The General Electric H-Series is a family of turboprop aircraft engines produced by GE BGA Turboprops. The initial H80 is an updated derivative of the Walter M601, while the H75 and H85 are later derivatives.
Shicheng, Beijing
Shicheng Town (simplified Chinese: 石城镇; traditional Chinese: 石城鎮; pinyin: Shíchéng Zhèn) is a town located in the Miyun District of Beijing, China. It shares border with Changshaoying Manchu Ethnic Township and Fengjiayu Town to its north, Bulaotun and Xiwengzhuang Towns to its east, Xitiangezhuang and Huaibei Towns to its south, as well as Liulimiao and Tanghekou Towns to its west. As of 2020, its population was 4,014.

The town was named after Shicheng Village, which hosts the town's government. Its name literally means "Stone City".

Tanghekou
Tanghekou Town (simplified Chinese: 汤河口镇; traditional Chinese: 湯河口鎮; pinyin: Tānghékǒu Zhèn), is a town in the northern side of Huairou District, Beijing, China. It shares border with Labagoumen and Changshaoying Manchu Ethnic Townships to the northeast, Shicheng and Liulimiao Towns to the south, and Baoshan Town to the southwest. In 2020 it had a total population of 5,445. Its name Tanghekou literally means "North House".

The town is situated inside a river valley, around the confluence of Bai River and Tang River. For this reason it receives its name Tanghekou (Chinese: 汤河口; lit. 'Mouth of Tang River').
Fena Massacre
The Fena Massacre, also known as the Fena Cave Massacre, was an event where more than 30 Chamorro people were killed by Japanese soldiers during World War II. Dozens of Chamorro women were also raped. The site is located at present-day Naval Base Guam’s Ordnance Annex in Sånta Rita-Sumai.

Liberation Day (Guam)
Liberation Day on the U.S. territory of Guam is an annual commemoration of the  invasion by U.S. military forces on July 21, 1944, which ended the Japanese occupation that had begun in 1941. Begun in 1945, it is Guam's largest celebration. Festivities include a queen contest, summer carnival, fireworks display, and mile-long parade on Marine Corps Drive  in Hagåtña from Adelup to Paseo de Susana, as well as solemn memorials and visits to massacre sites. It is organized by the Guam Island Fair Committee.
Sveti Jurij, Rogatec
Sveti Jurij (pronounced [ˈsʋeːti ˈjuːɾii̯]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Rogatec in eastern Slovenia. It lies northeast of the town of Rogatec, east of Donačka Gora, and south of Mount Saint Donatus. It is sometimes known as Sveti Jurij pri Donački Gori (literally, Sveti Jurij near Donačka Gora) to differentiate it from other settlements with the same name.  The entire Rogatec area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

The local church, from which the settlement gets its name, is dedicated to Saint George (Slovene: sveti Jurij) and belongs to the Parish of Rogatec. It was originally a Late Gothic church, extensively rebuilt in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries.

Donačka Gora
Donačka Gora (pronounced [dɔˈnaːtʃka ˈɡɔːɾa]; German: Donatiberg) is a settlement east of the town of Rogatec in eastern Slovenia. It lies south of a hill with the same name. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria and is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

The local church, from which the hill and the settlement get their name, is dedicated to Saint Donatus and belongs to the Parish of Rogatec. It was built between 1720 and 1730 and vaulted in 1843.
Tire manufacturing
Pneumatic tires are manufactured according to relatively standardized processes and machinery, in around 455 tire factories in the world. With over 1 billion tires manufactured worldwide annually, the tire industry is a major consumer of natural rubber. Tire factories start with bulk raw materials such as synthetic rubber (60% -70% of total rubber in the tire industry), carbon black, and chemicals and produce numerous specialized components that are assembled and cured.

The tire is an assembly of numerous components that are built up on a drum and then cured in a press under heat and pressure. Heat facilitates a polymerization reaction that crosslinks rubber monomers to create long elastic molecules.

Calender
A calender is a series of hard pressure rollers used to finish a sheet of material such as paper, textiles, rubber, or plastics. Calender rolls are also used to form some types of plastic films and to apply coatings. Some calender rolls are heated or cooled as needed. Calenders are sometimes misspelled calendars.
Amitesh Grover
Amitesh Grover (born 1980) is an Indian theatre director and Professor of theatre direction at the National School of Drama. He is known for his experimental theatre, performances, and installations. In 2008, Sangeet Natak Akademi awarded him Ustad Bismillah Khan Yuva Puraskar for his contribution to the field of theatre direction.

Prix Ars Electronica
The Prix Ars Electronica is one of the best known and longest running yearly prizes in the field of electronic and interactive art, computer animation, digital culture and music. It has been awarded since 1987 by Ars Electronica (Linz, Austria).

In 2005, the Golden Nica, the highest prize, was awarded in six categories: "Computer Animation/Visual Effects," "Digital Musics," "Interactive Art," "Net Vision," "Digital Communities" and the "u19" award for "freestyle computing." Each Golden Nica came with a prize of €10,000, apart from the u19 category, where the prize was €5,000. In each category, there are also Awards of Distinction and Honorary Mentions.

The Golden Nica trophy is a replica of the Greek Nike of Samothrace. It is a handmade gold-plated wooden statuette that is approximately 35 cm high with a wingspan of about 20 cm.

"Prix Ars Electronica" is a phrase composed of French, Latin and Spanish words, loosely translated as "Electronic Arts Prize."
Warm air intake
A warm air intake (WAI) also known as a hot air intake (HAI), is a system to decrease the amount of the air going into a car for the purpose of increasing the fuel economy of the internal-combustion engine.

This term is sometimes used erroneously to refer to a short ram air intake, which is another engine modification that aims to improve power output by increasing the static air pressure inside the intake manifold.

Ram-air intake
A ram-air intake is an intake design which uses the dynamic air pressure created by vehicle motion, or ram pressure, to increase the static air pressure inside of the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. The greater massflow through the engine allows an increase in engine power.
Vårberg metro station
Vårberg (lit. 'Spring Hill') is a station on Line 13 of the Red line of the Stockholm Metro, located in the Vårberg neighbourhood in Söderort, Stockholm Municipality. The station opened on 2 December 1967 as the southern terminus of an extension from Skärholmen. On 1 October 1972, the line was extended to Fittja. It is 12.6 km (7.8 mi) from Slussen.

As part of Art in the Stockholm Metro project, the station features ceramic wall works titled In Our Hands, created by Maria Ängquist Klyvare in 1996.

Red line (Stockholm Metro)
The Red line (Swedish: Röda linjen; officially Metro 2, but called Tub 2 ("Tube 2") internally) is one of the three Stockholm Metro lines. It has a total of 36 stations, of which four are cut and cover, 16 are tunneled, and 15 are on the surface. The line is a total of 41.238 kilometres (25.624 mi) long. It consists of four branches with terminals in Fruängen and Norsborg in the southwest and Mörby centrum and Ropsten in the northeast.

The "Red line" designation began in the late-1970s, and officially only since the 1990s, and comes from the fact that the route has been marked in red on Storstockholms Lokaltrafik's maps at least since the 1970s. Previously, the Red line had been coloured orange on the system map, but as new maps were printed with changes, the colour became increasingly redder in the 1980s.
Minami-Hiragishi Station
Minami-Hiragishi Station (南平岸駅, Minami-Hiragishi-eki) is a Sapporo Municipal Subway station in Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. The station is numbered "N13". It is one of the four Sapporo Municipal Subway stations located above-ground (all of them are at the south terminus of the Namboku Line).

Namboku Line (Sapporo)
The Namboku Line (南北線, Nanboku-sen) is a rubber-tyred metro line in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. It is part of the Sapporo Municipal Subway system. Its name literally means South-North Line, and it runs from Asabu Station in Kita-ku to Makomanai Station in Minami-ku. The Namboku Line's color on maps is green, and its stations carry the letter "N" followed by a number.
2001 Somaliland constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Somaliland on 31 May 2001. The referendum was held on a draft constitution that affirmed Somaliland's independence from Somalia. 99.9% of eligible voters took part in the referendum and 97.1% of them voted in favour of the constitution.

The ratification of the constitution confirmed Somaliland's independence, strengthened the executive branch and confirmed Islam as the "national faith". Most importantly, it endorsed multiparty elections at all levels of government through universal suffrage paving way for democratic rule.

However the referendum was opposed by the Government of Somalia and did not lead to any international recognition.

Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal
Mohamed Haji Ibrahim Egal (Somali: Maxamed Xaaji Ibraahim Cigaal; 15 August 1928 – 3 May 2002) was a Somaliland politician who served as the 2nd President of Somaliland from 1993 until his death in 2002, guiding the state through a period of stabilization and institution-building. Before the formation of the Somali Republic, Egal served briefly as the Prime Minister of State of Somaliland. He also served twice as the Prime Minister of the Somali Republic briefly in 1960 and again from 1967 to 1969.
Guodian Beilun Power Station
The Guodian Beilun Power Station (Chinese: 国电北仑发电厂; pinyin: Guódiàn Běilún Fādiànchǎng) is a coal-fired power station in Beilun District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China. With an installed capacity of 5,000 MW, it is the 7th largest coal-fired power station in the world. (It shares this title with the Jiaxing, Guohua Taishan, and Waigaoqiao power stations). The station generates energy by five 600 MW and two 1,000 MW units, which is fuelled by coal.

Guodian Beilun Power Station is also the first power generation enterprise in China to use World Bank loans for construction.

Guohua Taishan Power Station
Guohua Taishan Power Station (simplified Chinese: 国华台山发电厂; traditional Chinese: 國華台山發電廠; pinyin: Guóhuá Táishān Fādiànchǎng) is a coal-fired power station in Taishan, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China. With an installed capacity of 5,000 MW, it is the 9th largest coal-fired power station in the world. (It shares this title with the Jiaxing Power Station.)