hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2013 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships – Division III
The 2013 World Junior Ice Hockey Championship Division III was an international ice hockey tournament organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation. It was played in Sofia, Bulgaria, between 14 and 20 January 2013. The Division III represents the sixth tier of the 2013 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.

The UAE were to have made their first appearance, but forfeited all games for not fulfilling minimum registration requirements. Their games were still played, but did not count in the standings.

2013 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships
The 2013 IIHF World U20 Championship (commonly known as the 2013 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships) was the 37th edition of the Ice Hockey World Junior Championship (WJC). It was hosted in Ufa, Russia. It began on December 26, 2012, and ended with the gold medal game played on January 5, 2013. The United States win their third title, after defeated Sweden 3–1 in the final. It's their first one since 2010. American goalie John Gibson was named MVP of the tournament.

Russia defeated Canada 6–5 in overtime to win the bronze medal, sending the Canadians home without a medal for the first time since 1998.  Latvia was relegated to Division I and Norway was promoted to the 2014 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.
Halle Tony Garnier
The Halle Tony Garnier is an arena and concert hall in Lyon, France. It was designed by Tony Garnier in 1905. Originally a slaughterhouse, the building was renovated in 1987 and opened as a concert hall in 1988. With a standing capacity of nearly 17,000, it is the third biggest venue in France after the Accor Arena and Paris La Défense Arena.

Accor Arena
Accor Arena (originally known as the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy), also known as Bercy Arena, is an indoor sports arena and concert hall in Paris, France. It lies in the neighbourhood of Bercy, on the Boulevard de Bercy, in the 12th arrondissement of Paris. The closest Paris Métro station is Bercy, which also serves the Finance Ministry.

Designed by the architectural firm Andrault-Parat, Jean Prouvé and Aydin Guvan, the pyramidal arena's sloping walls are covered with a lawn. It can seat 7,000 to 20,300 people, depending on the event.

The arena was renamed Bercy Arena after renovations on 1 January 2015, AccorHotels Arena in October 2015, and given its current name in June 2020.

Since 1985, the arena hosts the annual Festival des Arts Martiaux. The 38th Festival des Arts Martiaux was held in March 2025.
William Rougham
William Rougham (died 1393) was a Fellow of Gonville Hall, Cambridge (later Gonville and Caius College) from the 1350s. He was Bachelor of Medicine by 1366. He was also a priest with livings in the Diocese of Norwich and was a personal physician to Henry le Despenser, Bishop of Norwich.

In Susanna Gregory's 2004 book The Hand of Justice, which is set in 1350s Cambridge, there is a physician character known as "William Rougham of Gonville Hall".

Rougham's biggest contribution to the college was the completion of the chapel in 1353 which stood as he had left it for 250 years. The east window and one of the side windows contained, according to John Caius, an inscription reading:

Oct 2025 update: A History of Gonville and Caius College (Christopher Brooke, 1985; ISBN: 0 85115 423 9) does not include William Rougham as Master. It is thought more likely Richard Pulham served as Master from an earlier point. Subsequent dates have been changed in this list.

Richard Pulham
Richard Pulham,  D.D. was a priest and academic in the 14th century.

Pulham became a Fellow of Gonville Hall, Cambridge in 1353; and of Corpus Christi in 1377.  He held livings in Lincoln, Belton and Rochester. Pulham was Master of Gonville from 1393 until 1412.
Dimethyl trithiocarbonate
Dimethyl trithiocarbonate is an organic compound with the chemical formula S=C(SCH3)2. It is a methyl ester of trithiocarbonic acid. This chemical belongs to a subcategory of esters called thioesters. It is a sulfur analog of dimethyl carbonate O=C(OCH3)2, where all three oxygen atoms are replaced with sulfur atoms. Dimethyl trithiocarbonate is a yellow liquid with a strong and unpleasant odor.

Dimethyl carbonate
Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is an organic compound with the formula OC(OCH3)2.  It is a colourless, flammable liquid.  It is classified as a carbonate ester. This compound has found use as a methylating agent and as a co-solvent in lithium-ion batteries. Notably, dimethyl carbonate is a weak methylating agent, and is not considered as a carcinogen. Instead, dimethyl carbonate is often considered to be a green reagent,
and it is exempt from the restrictions placed on most volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the United States.
Iacopo IV Appiani
Iacopo IV Appiani (1459 – 10 April 1510) was an Italian condottiero and lord of Piombino of the Appiani dynasty in the Renaissance.

He was born in Piombino, the son of Iacopo III Appiani, of whom he continued the traditional alliance with the Aragonese court of Naples. He was captain of the Neapolitan Army (1479–1483), of the Este army (1483–1485) and of the army of the Republics of Siena (1495–1498) and Florence (1498–1501). Later he served the king of France and Ferdinand II of Aragon.

In 1501 his territories in southern Tuscany were occupied by Cesare Borgia, but Iacopo returned in 1503 after the death of Borgia's power protector and father, Pope Alexander VI. In this period he received Leonardo da Vinci in his court. In 1509 he was made Prince of the Holy Roman Empire.

He died at Piombino in 1510.

Cesare Borgia
Cesare Borgia (13 September 1475 – 13 March 1507) was an Italian cardinal deacon and later a condottiero, as well as a member of the Spanish House of Borgia. He was the illegitimate son of Pope Alexander VI and sibling to Lucrezia Borgia.

After initially entering the Church and becoming a cardinal on his father's election to the papacy, he resigned his diaconal profession after the death of his brother in 1498. He was employed as a condottiero for King Louis XII of France around 1500, and occupied both Milan and Naples during the Italian Wars. At the same time, he carved out a state for himself in Central Italy, but he was unable to retain power for long after his father's death. His quest for political power was a major inspiration for The Prince by the renowned Florentine historian, Niccolò Machiavelli.
2023–24 East Tennessee State Buccaneers men's basketball team
The 2023–24 East Tennessee State Buccaneers men's basketball team represented East Tennessee State University in the 2023–24 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Buccaneers, led by first-year head coach Brooks Savage, played their home games at the Freedom Hall Civic Center in Johnson City, Tennessee, as members of the Southern Conference (SoCon). They finished the season 19–16, 8–10 in SoCon play, to finish in a tie for seventh place. They defeated VMI, UNC Greensboro and Chattanooga to advance to the championship game of the SoCon tournament where they lost to Samford.

2023–24 Chattanooga Mocs men's basketball team
The 2023–24 Chattanooga Mocs men's basketball team represented the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Mocs, led by second-year head coach Dan Earl, played their home games at McKenzie Arena in Chattanooga, Tennessee, as members of the Southern Conference.
Haralds saga Sigurðarsonar
Haralds saga Sigurðarsonar is an Old Icelandic king's saga focusing on the career of King Haraldr Sigurðarson of Norway (popularly referred to in English as Harald Hardrada).

The title Haralds saga Sigurðarsonar usually refers specifically to the account of Haraldr given in the collection of kings' sagas known as Heimskringla and attributed to Snorri Sturluson (1178/79–1241), though a substantially similar account is given in one of Snorri's main sources, the collection Morkinskinna, which seems to have given the title Saga Magnús góða ok Haralds harðráða to the equivalent section.

In the estimation of Alison Finlay and Anthony Faulkes, 'while Óláfs saga helga dominates Heimskringla as a whole, Haralds saga Sigurðarsonar achieves this status over the sagas of its final third, by virtue both of its length and of the compelling character of Haraldr himself'.

Kings' sagas
Kings' sagas  (Icelandic: konungasögur, Nynorsk: kongesoger, -sogor, Bokmål: kongesagaer) are Old Norse sagas which principally tell of the lives of semi-legendary and legendary (mythological, fictional) Nordic kings, also known as saga kings. They were composed during the twelfth through the fourteenth centuries, primarily in Iceland, but with some written in Norway.

Kings' sagas frequently contain episodic stories known in scholarship as þættir, such as the Íslendingaþættir (about Icelanders), Styrbjarnar þáttr Svíakappa, Hróa þáttr heimska, and Eymundar þáttr hrings (about people from elsewhere).
Cephalotes argentatus
Cephalotes argentatus is a species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they're on. Giving their name also as gliding ants.

Cephalotes
Cephalotes is a genus of tree-dwelling ant species from the Americas, commonly known as turtle ants. All appear to be gliding ants, with the ability to "parachute" and steer their fall so as to land back on the tree trunk rather than fall to the ground, which is often flooded.
Thermostability
In materials science and molecular biology, thermostability is the ability of a substance to resist irreversible change in its chemical or physical structure, often by resisting decomposition or polymerization, at a high relative temperature.

Thermostable materials may be used industrially as fire retardants. A thermostable plastic, an uncommon and unconventional term, is likely to refer to a thermosetting plastic that cannot be reshaped when heated, than to a thermoplastic that can be remelted and recast.

Thermostability is also a property of some proteins. To be a thermostable protein means to be resistant to changes in  protein structure due to applied heat.

Disulfide
In chemistry, a disulfide (or disulphide in British English) is a compound containing a R−S−S−R′ functional group or the S2−2 anion. In inorganic chemistry, the anion appears in a few rare minerals. Compounds of the form R−S−S−H are usually called persulfides instead.

Disulfide bridges also appear as a common post-translational modification in proteins.
The Kurdish Globe
The Kurdish Globe, previously known as The Hewler Globe, is the first English-language newspaper published in Erbil, Kurdistan, northern Iraq.

Published  for the first time on March 31, 2005, its editor-in-chief and founder is Jawad Qadir. The name was changed from The Hewler Globe to The Kurdish Globe since the paper included issues of a pan-Kurdish nature, including all parts of Kurdistan in Iraq, Iran, Syria and Anatolia, and not just Hewlêr (Kurdish for Erbil).

This weekly newspaper is published every Tuesday. It focuses primarily on Kurdish issues ranging from politics to culture, as well as Middle East-related issues and politics.

Its main rival is SOMA Digest, the second English language newspaper published in the Kurdistan region. Whereas The Kurdish Globe is edited from the point of view of the Kurdistan Regional Government, SOMA Digest is closely related to the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK).

Government of the Kurdistan Region
The Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) is the official executive body of the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq.

The cabinet is selected by the majority party or list who also select the prime minister of the Iraqi Kurdish polity. The president is directly elected by the electorate of the region and is the head of the cabinet and chief of state who delegates executive powers to the cabinet. The prime minister is traditionally the head of the legislative body but also shares executive powers with the president. The President of Kurdistan Region is also the commander-in-chief of the Peshmerga.
Dudváh
The Dudváh (also: Horný Dudváh, Hungarian: Dudvág) is a lowland river in western Slovakia. Its source is located in the Čachtice Little Carpathians, and it mostly runs in parallel to the Váh river. It flows into the Váh near the village of Siladice. Its average discharge flow is 1.3 m³/s near Siladice. It is 41.7 km (25.9 mi) long and its basin size is 499 km2 (193 sq mi).: 72  Its former lower course, the Dolný Dudváh ("lower Dudváh"), branches off close to Siladice and flows towards the south. Near the town Čierna Voda, the Dolný Dudváh flows into the river Čierna voda, which in turn flows into the Little Danube.: 103  The Dolný Dudváh is 34.2 km (21.3 mi) long and its basin size is 751 km2 (290 sq mi).: 72

Little Danube
The Little Danube (Slovak: Malý Dunaj, Hungarian: Kis-Duna, German: Kleine Donau) is a branch of the river Danube in Slovakia.

It splits from the main river in Bratislava, and flows more or less parallel to the Danube until it flows into the river Váh in Kolárovo. It is 137 km (85 mi) long and its basin size is 2,977 km2 (1,149 sq mi).

The part of the Váh between Kolárovo and its confluence with the Danube in Komárno is also called Váh Danube (Slovak: Vážsky Dunaj, Hungarian: Vág-Duna). The island between the Danube, the Little Danube and the Váh Danube rivers is Žitný ostrov.
Columbia Historic District (Columbia, Pennsylvania)
Columbia Historic District is a national historic district located at Columbia, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. The district includes 833 contributing buildings, 2 contributing sites, and 7 contributing structures in the central business district and surrounding residential areas of Columbia.  The district is primarily residential with notable examples of Late Victorian architectural styles.  Notable non-residential buildings include the Reading and Columbia Freight Station (1883), Holy Trinity Catholic Church and School (1915), American Legion Post 469, Women's Club, Columbia Lodge #1074 BPOE, Columbia Town Hall (1874, 1947), St. Paul's Episcopal Church (1888), Franklin Hotel (c. 1833), and Columbia Water Company (1849 and later). Located in the district is the separately listed Bachman and Forry Tobacco Warehouse.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Bachman and Forry Tobacco Warehouse
Bachman and Forry Tobacco Warehouse is a historic tobacco warehouse located at Columbia in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. It was built between 1893 and 1895, and is a 3 1/2-story, rectangular brick building with a gable roof. It sits on a stone foundation and measures 54 feet by 85 feet.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
2022 Cavan Intermediate Football Championship
The 2022 Cavan Intermediate Football Championship was the 58th edition of Cavan GAA's premier Gaelic football tournament for intermediate graded clubs in County Cavan, Ireland. The tournament consists of 14 teams, with the winner representing Cavan in the Ulster Intermediate Club Football Championship.

The championship starts with a league stage and then progresses to a knock out stage.

Castlerahan returned to the senior grade at the first time of asking, beating Ballyhaise by a goal in the final.

Cavan Intermediate Football Championship
The Cavan Senior Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football competition organised by Cavan GAA. It is played between the fourteen intermediate-graded clubs in County Cavan. It was first competed for in 1915, before a lapse prior to being revived in 1966. The winners are awarded the Tommy Gilroy Cup and go on to represent Cavan in the Ulster Intermediate Club Football Championship. The winners are also promoted to the Cavan Senior Football Championship for the following year.

Five different clubs—Arva, Ballinagh, Cuchulainns, Lacken, and Templeport—have won the competition four times. Cuchulainns are the current champions after beating Butlersbridge in the 2025 final.
Mšeno
Mšeno (Czech pronunciation: [ˈm̩ʃɛno]; German: Wemschen) is a town in Mělník District the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,400 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Mělník
Mělník (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmɲɛlɲiːk] ⓘ; German: Melnik) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 20,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Mělník lies in one of the most important agricultural areas of the country. The town is known for its production of wine.
Alternative (Ljungby)
The Alternative (Swedish: Alternativet) is a local political party in Ljungby Municipality, Sweden. Alternativet was founded in 1994. The party president is Roland Johansson, secretary Rune Arvidsson and treasurer Jörgen Källdalen.

In the 2002 municipal elections, Alternativet got 1,301 votes (8.0%) and four seats.

Ljungby Municipality
Ljungby Municipality (Swedish: Ljungby kommun) is a municipality in Kronoberg County, southern Sweden, where the town Ljungby is seat.

In 1971 the City of Ljungby (1936-1970) was amalgamated with the rural municipalities surrounding it, thus creating the present municipality. In 1974 a minor adjustment of the boundaries took place. There are 19 original entities within the area.
Tecticrater subcompressus
Tecticrater subcompressus is a species of very small deepwater limpet, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Lepetellidae. The species was originally described by Arthur William Baden Powell as Tectisumen subcompressa in 1937.

Lepetellidae
Lepetellidae is a taxonomic family of small deepwater sea snails or limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Lepetelloidea in the clade Vetigastropoda (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). (It was in the order Cocculiniformia before).
Sanok City Hall
The Sanok City Hall is a historic municipal building in Sanok, Poland, located at 1 Rynek Street.

Originally, the City Hall was housed in a building at 16 Rynek Street. Both structures are situated opposite each other in Sanok's Market Square.

Sanok
Sanok [ˈsanɔk] (in full the Royal Free City of Sanok — Polish: Królewskie Wolne Miasto Sanok, Rusyn: Санок, Sanok, Ukrainian: Сянок or Cянік, Sianok or Sianik, Latin: Sanocum, Yiddish: סאָניק, Sūnik or Sonik) is a town in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship of southeastern Poland with 38,397 inhabitants, as of June 2016. Located on the San River and around 52 km (32 mi) south of Przemyśl, Sanok lies directly by the Carpathian Mountains.

The town's history goes back almost a thousand years to when it was part of a medieval trade route. The Museum of Folk Architecture as well as the refurbished Sanok Castle and Old Town are popular points of interest. The region also features a 70 km (43 mi) trail for hikers and cyclists.
Hungarian Rhapsody No. 10
Hungarian Rhapsody No. 10 in E major, S.244/10, is a composition for solo piano by Franz Liszt. It is tenth in the set of his Hungarian Rhapsodies, and is subtitled Preludio, although this name is not commonly used. It, along with the rest of the first fifteen rhapsodies, were published in 1853.

E major
E major is a major scale based on E, consisting of the pitches E, F♯, G♯, A, B, C♯, and D♯. Its key signature has four sharps. Its relative minor is C-sharp minor and its parallel minor is E minor. Its enharmonic equivalent, F-flat major, has six flats and the double-flat B, which makes that key less convenient to use.

The E major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The E harmonic major and melodic major scales are:
Shanghai Library station
Shanghai Library (simplified Chinese: 上海图书馆; traditional Chinese: 上海圖書館; pinyin: Shànghǎi Túshūguǎn) is a station on Line 10 of the Shanghai Metro. It began operation on 10 April 2010. It is named after the nearby Shanghai Library.

From 2013 to January 2018, the station was home to a branch of Jifeng Bookstore.

Line 10 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 10 is a southwest–northeast line of the Shanghai Metro network that opened for service on April 10, 2010. The line runs from Jilong Road to Hongqiao Railway Station, with a branch line from Longxi Road to Hangzhong Road. It has been given the unofficial nickname “Golden Line” as it links many of the city's tourist attractions like Yuyuan and Xintiandi. It connects the Hongqiao International Airport with the downtown core of Shanghai, and also the dense residential districts of Yangpu and Hongkou. It is the only line in the system with numbered station codes. It is the first high-density and high-volume fully automatic subway line in mainland China, operating with GoA4 unattended train operation. The line is colored lilac on system maps.
Eldrevatnet
Eldrevatnet is a lake in Lærdal Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 3.48-square-kilometre (1.34 sq mi) lake lies at an elevation of 1,116 metres (3,661 ft) above sea level. It is located about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) southeast of the village of Borgund, not far from the European route E16 highway and the Filefjell Kongevegen road. The lake Øljusjøane lies 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south of the lake. The lake Juklevatnet and the mountain Høgeloft both lie about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the northeast of the lake.

The lake Eldrevatnet is regulated by a hydroelectric dam and supplies water for a nearby power station.

Borgund, Lærdal
Borgund is a small village in Lærdal Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It lies along the European route E16 highway, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of the village of Lærdalsøyri. It is the site of the Borgund Church and the historic Borgund Stave Church.
2009 BMW Ljubljana Open
The 2009 BMW Ljubljana Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was the eighteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2009 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Ljubljana, Slovenia between 21 and 27 September 2009.

BMW Ljubljana Open
The BMW Ljubljana Open is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It is currently part of the WTA 125 series of the WTA Tour. In the past, the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) organized an ATP Challenger which was last held in 2011. The tournament was first held in 1990 in Domžale, Slovenia (former Yugoslavia), before moving to Ljubljana from 2002.
Fichtel Mountain Nature Park
The Fichtel Mountain Nature Park (German: Naturpark Fichtelgebirge) lies in the tri-border area of Saxony, the Czech Republic and Bavaria and has an area of 1,020 km2 (390 sq mi). It is maintained by the Naturpark Fichtelgebirge e. V. in Wunsiedel.

Wunsiedel
Wunsiedel (German pronunciation: [ˈvʊnˌziːdl̩] ⓘ; Northern Bavarian: Wåuṉsieḏl or Wousigl) is the seat of the Upper Franconian district of Wunsiedel in northeast Bavaria, Germany.  The town is the birthplace of poet Jean Paul. It also became known for its annual Luisenburg Festival and the Rudolf Hess Memorial March held there by Neo-Nazis until 2005.