hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Apis nigrocincta
Apis nigrocincta is a species of honey bee that inhabits the Philippine island of Mindanao as well as the Indonesian islands of Sangihe and Sulawesi. The species is known to have queens with the highest mating frequencies of any species of the tribe Apini.

It is a middle-sized species of the tribe Apini, compared to the larger A. dorsata or smaller A. florea.

Queen bee
A queen bee is typically an adult, mated female (gyne) that lives in a colony or hive of honey bees. With fully developed reproductive organs, the queen is usually the mother of most, if not all, of the bees in the beehive. Queens are developed from larvae selected by worker bees and specially fed in order to become sexually mature. There is normally only one adult, mated queen in a hive, in which case the bees will usually follow and fiercely protect her.

The term "queen bee" can be more generally applied to any dominant reproductive female in a colony of a eusocial bee species other than honey bees. However, as in the Brazilian stingless bee (Schwarziana quadripunctata), a single nest may have multiple queens or even dwarf queens, ready to replace a dominant queen in case of a sudden death.
Tudi, Iran
Tudi (Persian: تودی, also Romanized as Tūdī and Ţūdī) is a village in Sangan Rural District, in the Central District of Khash County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 70, in 20 families.

Sangan Rural District
Sangan Rural District (Persian: دهستان سنگان) is in the Central District of Khash County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Sangan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Esmailabad, now a city.
Critical international relations theory
Critical international relations theory is a diverse set of schools of thought in international relations (IR) that have criticized the theoretical, meta-theoretical and/or political status quo, both in IR theory and in international politics more broadly – from positivist as well as postpositivist positions.  Positivist critiques include Marxist and neo-Marxist approaches and certain ("conventional") strands of social constructivism.  Postpositivist critiques include poststructuralist, postcolonial, "critical" constructivist, critical theory (in the strict sense used by the Frankfurt School), neo-Gramscian, most feminist, and some English School approaches, as well as non-Weberian historical sociology, "international political sociology", "critical geopolitics", and the so-called "new materialism" (partly inspired by actor–network theory).  All of these latter approaches differ from both realism and liberalism in their epistemological and ontological premises.

Critical geopolitics
In the humanities discipline of critical theory, critical geopolitics is an academic school of thought centered on the idea that intellectuals of statecraft construct ideas about places, that these ideas have influence and reinforce their political behaviors and policy choices, and that these ideas affect how people process their own notions of places and politics.

Critical geopolitics sees the geopolitical as comprising four linked facets: popular geopolitics, formal geopolitics, structural geopolitics, and practical geopolitics. Critical geopolitical scholarship continues to engage critically with questions surrounding geopolitical discourses, geopolitical practice (i.e. foreign policy), and the history of geopolitics.
Charlie Rich
Charles Allan Rich (December 14, 1932 – July 25, 1995) was an American country singer. His eclectic style of music also blended influences from rockabilly, jazz, blues, soul, and gospel.

In the later part of his life, Rich acquired the nickname the Silver Fox. He is perhaps best remembered for a pair of 1973 hits, "Behind Closed Doors" and "The Most Beautiful Girl", which topped the U.S. country singles charts as well as the Billboard Hot 100 pop singles charts and earned him two Grammy Awards. Rich was inducted into the Memphis Music Hall of Fame in 2015. In 2023, Rolling Stone ranked Rich at number 120 on its list of the 200 Greatest Singers of All Time.

American Music Award for Favorite Country Single
The American Music Award for Favorite Country Single is a major music industry award that was created in 1974. However, the award was discontinued after 1995.

Years reflect the year in which the American Music Awards were presented, for works released in the previous year.

The all-time winner of awards in this category was Kenny Rogers. Rogers won a total of 5 AMA Favorite Country Single trophies, two of which were shared as part of a duet with Dolly Parton.
Laxminarayan College, Jharsuguda
Laxminarayan College, Jharsuguda, also called L. N. College, is a full-fledged aided College of the Government of Odisha located in Jharsuguda district of Odisha. It was founded on 18 August 1969. This college comes under Sambalpur University. It imparts teaching in Arts, Science and Commerce both in +2 or senior secondary education and +3(three year) Degree Course stage with honours teaching facilities.

Jharsuguda
Jharsuguda (Odia pronunciation: [dʒʰaɾɔsuɡuɽa]) is a town and district headquarters of Jharsuguda district of Odisha, India. It is an industrial hub, consisting mainly of metallurgical industries. It is well connected to major cities of India through rail and air. It has an airport Veer Surendra Sai Airport. It is popularly known as the "Powerhouse of Odisha" due to its Mega Steel, Aluminium & Power Projects. Jharsuguda has often been referred as "Little India" as well because of its diverse demography, language and culture.
American Wedding (song)
"American Wedding" is a song by American alternative R&B singer Frank Ocean, originally included on his 2011 mixtape Nostalgia, Ultra. The song, an alternative R&B and alternative rock track, was written by Ocean himself, alongside James Fauntleroy, who also produced the song. It would eventually be removed from streaming platforms after the Eagles threatened legal action for its unauthorized use of the 1977 song "Hotel California".

Alternative R&B
Alternative R&B (also referred to as alt-R&B, indie R&B, and originally known as PBR&B, hipster R&B, emo R&B, or R-Neg-B) is a term used by music journalists to describe a stylistic alternative to contemporary R&B that began in the mid 2000s and came to prominence with musical artists such as Frank Ocean, Khalid, SZA, Summer Walker, Jhené Aiko, Brent Faiyaz, Zayn Malik, Tyler, the Creator, Steve Lacy, Childish Gambino, Miguel, Drake, The Weeknd, Kehlani, Tinashe, Bryson Tiller, PartyNextDoor, Tory Lanez, 6lack, and others. It is considered to be "more progressive and diverse" than its mainstream counterpart.
All American Bluegrass Girl
All American Bluegrass Girl is the 11th album released by bluegrass musician Rhonda Vincent. The album was released on May 23, 2006, via Rounder Records. The album features 12 songs, three which Vincent wrote or co-wrote. There are also two duets. Dolly Parton sings on "Heartbreaker's Alibi", and a Vincent has a duet with Bobby Osborne on "Midnight Angel".

"Heartbreaker's Albi" and the title track were both released as singles to radio. Although neither one charted, the album reached #1 on the Top Bluegrass Albums, #43 on the Top Country Albums, and #14 on the Top Heatseekers.

Kentucky Thunder
Kentucky Thunder, or Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder, is the band that plays with American country and bluegrass singer Ricky Skaggs.  Many members of the band have won numerous awards.  Bandleader Ricky Skaggs plays mandolin and is the lead vocalist. The group has won the Instrumental Group of the Year award from the International Bluegrass Music Association multiple times, as well as seven Grammy Awards.
Grace Y. Sam
Grace Y. Sam is a Palauan politician who served as a member of the Koror State Legislature.

Sam was born on November 2, 1949, to a Protestant family. She was educated in the Philippines and Palau, where she graduated from the Bethania Girls High School and then taught there for one year. She received legal training at the district attorney's office for the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands in Palau and Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, and attended the University of Hawaii. In 1978, she became an assistant district attorney.

In 1981, Sam worked for the Palau Constitutional Convention as a staff translator. She was elected as a delegate to the Koror State Constitutional Convention in 1983, and then to the Koror State Legislature that same year. The Palauan president Haruo Remeliik appointed her to the National Reapportionment Commission in 1984. She also served as an assistant clerk of court for the Supreme Court of Palau and the Court of Common Pleas.

Haruo Remeliik
Haruo Ignacio Remeliik (1 June 1931 – 30 June 1985) was the first President of Palau from 2 March 1981 until his assassination on 30 June 1985. He is buried at Kloulklubed in his home state of Peleliu. Remeliik was of mixed Japanese and Palauan descent.
McComb station
McComb station is a train station in McComb, Mississippi, United States, serving Amtrak's City of New Orleans passenger train. This is a flag stop and the trains only stop if passengers have tickets to and from the station. On May 30, 2021, the station building fell victim to arson and was believed to be a total loss. However, after the structure was inspected by an architectural firm, as well as two construction contractors experienced in rehabilitating burned structures, it was determined in November, 2021, that most of the depot's walls could be saved in the central area and southern ends of the building.  On January 3, 2022, Pike Construction of Mississippi began the rebuilding process, which is expected to take 9–12 months to complete.

McComb, Mississippi
McComb is a city in Pike County, Mississippi, United States. The city is approximately 80 miles (130 km) south of Jackson. As of the 2020 census, McComb had a population of 12,413. It is the principal city of the McComb, Mississippi Micropolitan Statistical Area.
NGC 6027b
NGC 6027b is an interacting lenticular galaxy that is part of Seyfert's Sextet, a compact group of galaxies currently in the process of colliding and merging, which is located in the constellation Serpens.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Victor, Duke of Münsterberg
Victor, Duke of Münsterberg also: Victor, Duke of Münsterberg and Opava; Czech: Viktorin z Minsterberka; (29 May 1443 in Cieszyn – 30 August 1500 in Cieszyn) was an Imperial Count from 1459 and Count of Kladsko. From 1462 until his death, he was Duke of Münsterberg, and from 1465 to 1485 Duke of Opava.

Cieszyn
Cieszyn (/ˈtʃɛʃɪn/ CHESH-in, Polish: [ˈt͡ɕɛʂɨn] ⓘ; Czech: Těšín [ˈcɛʃiːn] ⓘ; German: Teschen [ˈteːʃn̩]) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitants (as of December 2021), and lies opposite Český Těšín in the Czech Republic. Both towns belong to the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, and formerly constituted the capital of the Duchy of Cieszyn as a single town.
Mudall, New South Wales
Mudall Parish (Oxley County), New South Wales is a rural locality of Bogan Shire and a civil parish of Oxley County, New South Wales, a Cadastral divisions of New South Wales.

The  parish is on the Bogan River south of Nyngan.

The topography is flat with a Köppen climate classification of BsK (Hot semi arid).

The economy in the parish is  based on broad acre agriculture, based on Wheat, sheep and cattle.

The traditional owners of the area are the Wiradjuri people.

Nyngan
Nyngan (/ˈnɪŋɡən/) is a town in the centre of New South Wales, Australia, in the Bogan Shire local government area within the Orana Region of central New South Wales. At the 2016 census, Nyngan had a population of 1,988 people. Nyngan is situated on the Bogan River between Narromine and Bourke, on the junction of the Mitchell Highway and Barrier Highway, 656 km (408 mi) south of Charleville and 576 km (358 mi) north-west of Sydney by road. The Barrier Highway starts at Nyngan, and runs west to Cobar and on through Wilcannia and Broken Hill into South Australia.

Nyngan Airport is a small airport just north of the town centre. Nyngan also lies on the Main Western railway line of New South Wales but is no longer served by passenger trains. The line remains open to freight traffic.

About 70 km (43 mi) south of the town, a cairn was erected in 1988 marking the centre of NSW.
Rockhampton Railway Workshops
Rockhampton Railway Workshops is a heritage-listed railway workshop at 380 Bolsover Street, Depot Hill, Rockhampton Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1915 to 1953. It is also known as Rockhampton Roundhouse. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 August 1992.

Queensland Rail
Queensland Rail (QR) is a railway operator in Queensland, Australia. Queensland Rail is owned by the Queensland Government, and operates both suburban and interurban rail services in South East Queensland, as well as long-distance passenger train services connecting Brisbane to regional Queensland. Queensland Rail also owns and maintains rolling stock, in addition to approximately 6,600 kilometres (4,101 mi) of track and related infrastructure.
St. John Henry Newman Catholic Church (Toronto)
St. John Henry Newman Catholic Church, or Newman Chapel (formerly St. Thomas Aquinas Church), is a Roman Catholic church within the St. George campus of the University of Toronto in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was built in 1926-1927 as a chapel for the Newman Centre next door. In 1995, it became a quasi-parish church. It is situated on the corner of Hoskin Avenue and St. George Street in Toronto, next to Massey College.

Pauline Vanier
Pauline Vanier, PC, CC, DStJ (née Archer; March 28, 1898 – March 23, 1991) was a Canadian humanitarian who was married to Georges Vanier. Her husband was one of Canada's first professional diplomats, Canada's first ambassador to France, and the first French-Canadian Governor General of Canada from 1959 until his death in 1967. She was the first woman Chancellor of the University of Ottawa as well as the first non-Roman Catholic Bishop to hold the role following the University's reorganization into a public university.
2023 Poznań Open
The 2023 Enea Poznań Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 19th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place at the Park Tenisowy Olimpia in Poznań, Poland from 19 to 24 June 2023.

Poznań Open
The Enea Poznań Open is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It has been held annually at the Park Tenisowy Olimpia in Poznań, Poland, since 2004.
The tournament is regarded as a continuation of the Polish Open, which was relocated from Warsaw to Poznań and held for nine consecutive years between 1992 and 2000. In 2023 it was a Challenger 100. In 2025 it was upgraded again to a Challenger 100.
Tourism in Gilgit-Baltistan
Tourism in Gilgit-Baltistan, an administered territory of Pakistan, focuses on its access to various mountain ranges and alpine terrain. Various tourist destinations attract millions of travelers from within Pakistan. On the other hand, tourists from other countries also routinely visit GB. An estimated 1.72 million tourists visited the region in 2017 according to the Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation (PTDC). Travelers had contributed Rs.300 million to the local economy in 2017. The authorities were expecting 2.5 million tourists in 2018 which would have meant an additional Rs.450 million to the economy.

Pakistan Tourism Development Corp
Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation (PTDC; Urdu: ادارہ برائے فروغِ سیاحت پاکستان) is an organization of the Government of Pakistan. The PTDC is governed by a board of directors and for promoting and developing tourism provides transportation to various areas and owns and runs several motels across the country. It was incorporated on 30 March 1970.
Asahi Net International
Asahi Net International was a subsidiary company of ASAHI Net, Inc.  ASAHI Net, Inc. transferred its 100% stake in Asahi Net International, Inc. to LMS Development Holdings, Inc.  on April 28, 2015. The company subsequently changed its name to Scriba Corporation.

Sakai (software)
Sakai is a free, community-driven, open source educational software platform designed to support teaching, research and collaboration. Systems of this type are also known as learning management systems (LMS), course management systems (CMS), or virtual learning environments (VLE). Sakai is developed by a community of academic institutions, commercial organizations and individuals. It is distributed under the Educational Community License, a type of open source license.

Sakai is used by hundreds of institutions, mainly in the US, but also in Canada, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. Sakai was designed to be scalable, reliable, interoperable and extensible.
Its largest installations handle over 100,000 users.
900 (number)
900 (nine hundred) is the natural number following 899 and preceding 901. It is the square of 30 and the sum of Euler's totient function for the first 54 positive integers. In base 10, it is a Harshad number. It is also the first number to be the square of a sphenic number.

800 (number)
800 (eight hundred) is the natural number following 799 and preceding 801.

It is the sum of four consecutive primes (193 + 197 + 199 + 211). It is a Harshad number, an Achilles number and the area of a square with diagonal 40.
Catholic Church and politics
The Catholic Church and politics concerns the interplay of Catholicism with religious, and later secular, politics.

The Catholic Church's views and teachings have evolved over its history and have at times been significant political influences within nations.

Anti-clericalism
Anti-clericalism is opposition to religious authority, typically in social or political matters. Historically, anti-clericalism in Christian traditions has been opposed to the influence of Catholicism.

Some have opposed clergy on the basis of moral corruption, institutional issues and/or disagreements in religious interpretation, such as during the Protestant Reformation. Anti-clericalism became extremely violent during the French Revolution, because revolutionaries claimed the church played a pivotal role in the systems of oppression which led to it. Many clerics were killed, and French revolutionary governments tried to put priests under the control of the state by making them employees.

Anti-clericalism appeared in Catholic Europe throughout the 19th century, in various forms, and later in Canada, Cuba, and Latin America.
J. J. R. Randall
Jean Jacques Rousseau Randall, usually known as J. J. R. Randall, was an architect, civil engineer and politician from Rutland, Vermont. He was one of the first professional architects to practice in the state, after Ammi B. Young (1830-1838) and his brother, Gurdon P. Randall (1845-1850).

Ammi B. Young
Ammi Burnham Young (June 19, 1798 – March 14, 1874) was a 19th-century American architect whose commissions transitioned from the Greek Revival to the Neo-Renaissance styles. His design of the second Vermont State House brought him fame and success, which eventually led him to become the first Supervising Architect of the U.S. Treasury Department. As  federal architect, he was responsible for creating across the United States numerous custom houses, post offices, courthouses and hospitals, many of which are today on the National Register. His traditional architectural forms lent a sense of grandeur and permanence to the new country's institutions and communities. Young pioneered the use of iron in construction.
2013 Falkland Islands sovereignty referendum
A referendum on political status was held in the Falkland Islands on 10–11 March 2013. The Falkland Islanders were asked whether or not they supported the continuation of their status as an Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom in view of Argentina's call for negotiations on the islands' sovereignty.

On a turnout of 92%, 99.8% voted to remain a British territory, with only three votes against. Had the islanders rejected the continuation of their current status, a second referendum on possible alternatives would have been held. Brad Smith, the leader of the international observer group, announced that the referendum was free and fair and executed in accordance with international standards and international laws.

Legislative Assembly of the Falkland Islands
The Legislative Assembly of the Falkland Islands is the unicameral legislature of the British Overseas Territory of the Falkland Islands. The Legislative Assembly replaced the Legislative Council (which had existed since 1845) when the new Constitution of the Falklands came into force in 2009 and laid out the composition, powers and procedures of the islands' legislature.

The Legislative Assembly consists of eight elected members, three ex officio members (the Chief Executive, the Director of Finance and the Attorney General), and the Speaker. Although they take part in proceedings, the ex officio members do not have the right to vote in the Legislative Assembly. The Commander British Forces also has the right to take part in the proceedings of the Legislative Assembly, though again they may not vote.
Dave Woods (commentator)
Dave Woods is a British sports commentator. He covers rugby league and football for the BBC and BT Sport as well as occasional freelance work for Five in their Champions League and Europa League coverage.

He commentated on the Europa League 2012 Final alongside Stan Collymore. Woods is the main man on the Super League Show. He has attended every Challenge Cup Final since 1974. In 2009, he commentated on his first Challenge Cup Final, succeeding Ray French.

Dave Woods used to lecture in radio at the University of Huddersfield, but left in July 2008.

Dave Woods commentated for HBS during the 2006 FIFA World Cup, 2010 FIFA World Cup, 2014 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 2008 and 
UEFA Euro 2012 in addition to the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup.

Dave Woods commentates for Premier Sports on their coverage of the Rugby League Northern Rail Cup and Championship

Ray French
Raymond James French (23 December 1939 – 26 July 2025) was an English rugby league and rugby union player who played in the 1950s and 1960s, and a rugby league commentator. French played at international level in both codes. He won four caps for England in rugby union in 1961 as a second row forward, then moved to rugby league as a second-row and played for his home town club, St. Helens, and for Widnes.

French was a commentator for the BBC on rugby league on television and radio, beginning his television career in 1981 following the retirement of Eddie Waring. He was regularly heard on the rugby league show Try Time each Thursday on BBC Radio Merseyside. He retired in 2019.

In 2010, French received the Mike Gregory Spirit of Rugby League Award to mark his contribution to the game. He was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2011 New Year Honours for services to rugby league.