hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Murder of Melanie Hall
Melanie Hall (20 August 1970 – disappeared 9 June 1996; declared legally dead 17 November 2004) was a British hospital clerical officer from Bradford-on-Avon, Wiltshire, who disappeared following a night out at Cadillacs nightclub in Bath. She was declared dead in absentia in 2004.

On 5 October 2009, her partial remains were discovered, after a rubbish bag containing human bones was found by a workman on the M5 motorway near Thornbury, South Gloucestershire. On 7 October 2009, the bones, which included a pelvis, thigh bone and a skull, were analysed and identified as belonging to Melanie Hall. It was determined that Hall had suffered severe fractures to her skull and face, and had been tied up with rope, although a definitive cause of death could not be established. Over the years, various people have been arrested in connection with the murder, but subsequently released.

Avon and Somerset Police
Avon and Somerset Police is the territorial police force responsible for law enforcement in the five unitary authority areas of Bristol, Bath and North East Somerset, North Somerset, Somerset, and South Gloucestershire, all in South West England.

As of September 2020, the force had 2,965 police officers, 299 special constables, and 330 police community support officers. The force serves 1.72 million people over an area of 1,847 square miles (4,780 km2).

According to a House of Commons Library report, as of March 2023, Avon and Somerset Police had 3,330 Police Constables and 235 Special Constables.
Pilczyca, Końskie County
Pilczyca [pilˈt͡ʂɨt͡sa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Słupia Konecka, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Słupia, 30 km (19 mi) south-west of Końskie, and 41 km (25 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Słupia, Końskie County
Słupia [ˈswupja] is a village in Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Słupia Konecka. It lies approximately 29 km (18 mi) south-west of Końskie and 37 km (23 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.
Biamble, New South Wales
Biamble is a civil parish of Napier County, New South Wales, that is located at 31°43′54″S 149°19′04″E. The civil parish is roughly equivalent to the rural locality of Neilrex in Warrumbungle Shire Council.

Biamble is on the Castlereagh River between Binnaway, New South Wales and Mendooran, New South Wales.

The Dubbo to Werris Creek railway line runs through the parish of Biamble and the former Neilrex station has now been removed, meaning the nearest freight station is now nearby Merrygoen and the nearest passenger service is Dubbo. Although the station has closed, the railway line remains part of the Intrastate Network managed by the Australian Rail Track Corporation.

Binnaway, New South Wales
Binnaway is a small town located on the Castlereagh River in central western New South Wales near the larger centre of Coonabarabran, which is about 35 kilometres to the north. Binnaway is located on lands of the Kamilaroi people. In 2021, the town had a population of 399 people.

The road linking Binnaway with Connabarabran closely follows the meandering Castlereagh River. There are many pleasant areas to stop beside the road and on the river banks to have a picnic. Binnaway is also located near the similarly sized small town of Mendooran.

Following local government amalgamation, the town is now located in the Warrumbungle Shire Council area which is headquartered at Coonabarabran.
VisLab Intercontinental Autonomous Challenge
VIAC, the VisLab Intercontinental Autonomous Challenge, is the challenge conceived by VisLab as an extreme test of autonomous vehicles.  It ran from July 20, 2010 to October 28, 2010, involving four driverless vehicles driving with 
virtually no human intervention on an almost 16,000 kilometres (9,900 mi) trip from Parma, Italy to Shanghai, China.

DARPA Grand Challenge (2007)
The third driverless car competition of the DARPA Grand Challenge was commonly known as the DARPA Urban Challenge. It took place on November 3, 2007 at the site of the now-closed George Air Force Base (currently used as Southern California Logistics Airport), in Victorville, California (Google map), in the West of the United States. Discovery's Science channel followed a few of the teams and covered the Urban Challenge in its Robocars Archived 2008-07-30 at the Wayback Machine series.
Radical 77
Radical 77 or radical stop (止部) meaning "stop" is one of the 34 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals in total) composed of 4 strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 99 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

止 is also the 73rd indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China.

Chinese character radicals
A radical (Chinese: 部首; pinyin: bùshǒu; lit. 'section header'), or indexing component, is a visually prominent component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. The radical for a character is typically a semantic component, but it can also be another structural component or an artificially extracted portion of the character. In some cases, the original semantic or phonological connection has become obscure, owing to changes in the meaning or pronunciation of the character over time.

The use of the English term radical is based on an analogy between the structure of Chinese characters and the inflection of words in European languages. Radicals are also sometimes called classifiers, but this name is more commonly applied to the grammatical measure words in Chinese.
William II of Bures
William II of Bures (died 1158) was a Crusader lord of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. He was Prince of Galilee from 1148 to his death as successor of his brother Elinand. In late 1157, William was sent with Humphrey of Toron and Joscelin Pisellus, a knight, by Baldwin III in a delegation to Emperor Manuel in Constantinople to arrange Baldwin's marriage.

William is a poorly known figure. It is known that he was a nephew of William I of Bures and as this William is only known to have one brother, Godfrey, it is presumed that William and his three known brothers and one sister were children of his.

William was succeeded in Galilee by his sister Eschiva.

Eschiva of Bures
Eschiva of Bures, also known as Eschiva II or Eschiva I, was the princess of Galilee in the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1158 to 1187. She inherited the principality and in 1159 married Walter of Saint-Omer, who became prince and the father of her children. In 1174, within months of being widowed, she married Count Raymond III of Tripoli. She governed the principality from the town of Tiberias during Raymond's absence from 1180 to 1182. In the aftermath of the battle of Hattin, she surrendered Tiberias to the Egyptian ruler Saladin.
Meandrina meandrites
Meandrina meandrites, commonly known as maze coral, is a species of colonial stony coral in the family Meandrinidae. It is found primarily on outer coral reef slopes in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico.

Meandrinidae
The Meandrinidae are a family of stony corals. The name comes from the Greek, maiandros meaning "meandering", referring to the miniature, winding valleys found between the corallites. Fossil corals in this family have been found dating back to the Cretaceous.
Argentina women's national under-23 volleyball team
The Argentina women's national under-23 volleyball team represents Argentina in women's under-23 volleyball events, it is controlled and managed by the Argentine Volleyball Federation that is a member of South American volleyball body Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) and the international volleyball body government the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB).

Argentine Volleyball Federation
The Argentine Volleyball Federation (Spanish: Federación del Voleibol Argentino, mostly known for its acronym FeVA) is the body which governs the sport of volleyball in Argentina. The Federation controls and organises national championships at senior and youth levels, and is responsible for the men's and women's national teams

The FeVA also controls the practise of similar disciplines such as beach volley.
WIRO (FM)
WIRO (106.7 FM) is a station covering the Huntington, West Virginia area. The station broadcasts at 106.7 MHz with an ERP of 3.1 kW, is licensed to Ironton, Ohio and carries a conservative talk format, branded as "106.7 The Eagle". The station is owned by Total Media Group, Inc. of Jackson, Ohio.

Ironton, Ohio
Ironton is a city in Lawrence County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. Its population was 10,571 at the 2020 census. Located in southernmost Ohio along the Ohio River, it is 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Huntington, West Virginia, within the Huntington–Ashland metropolitan area. The city's name is a contraction of "iron town", stemming from its long ties to the iron industry. It also had one of the first professional football teams, the Ironton Tanks.
Eucleian Society
The Eucleian Society is a student literary society begun at New York University in 1832. According to New York University records, it ceased to exist around the 1940s; however, it was revived in 2017.

The society was dedicated to furthering the literary arts. Members held hour-long debates, preceded by readings of essays, orations, and poems. The Eucleian Society published orations and poems delivered by guest speakers at annual or anniversary meetings. In the 20th century, the Eucleians published three literary magazines: The Knickerbocker, The Medley, and The Geyser.

College literary societies
College literary societies in American higher education are a particular kind of social organization, distinct from literary societies generally, and they were often the precursors of college fraternities and sororities. In the period from the late 18th century to the Civil War, collegiate literary societies were an important part of campus social life. These societies are often called Latin literary societies because they typically have compound Latinate names.
Jimmy McDougall
Jimmy McDougall was Procurator Fiscal in Dumfries when Pan Am Flight 103 crashed at Lockerbie, Scotland, on 21 December 1988 killing all 243 passengers and 16 crew on board, as well as 11 people in the town of Lockerbie .

Lockerbie
Lockerbie (/ˈlɒkərbi/, Scottish Gaelic: Locarbaidh) is a town in Dumfries and Galloway, south-western Scotland. The 2001 Census recorded its population as 4,009; it was estimated to have risen to 
4,190 in 2020. The town came to international attention in December 1988, when the wreckage of Pan Am Flight 103 crashed there following a terrorist bomb attack aboard the flight.
1st Battalion, 26th Marines
The 1st Battalion, 26th Marines (1/26) is an inactive infantry battalion of the United States Marine Corps. They were part of the 26th Marine Regiment and 5th Marine Division and fought during the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II.  They were activated again for the Vietnam War but were deactivated after the war and remain inactive today.

26th Marine Regiment (United States)
The 26th Marine Regiment (26th Marines) is an inactivated infantry regiment of the United States Marine Corps.  The 26th Marines were activated in 1944 and fought in the Battle of Iwo Jima during World War II and were activated again on 1 March 1966, and fought in the Battle of Khe Sanh during the Vietnam War.
1961 Tour de Suisse
The 1961 Tour de Suisse was the 25th edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 15 June to 21 June 1961. The race started in Zürich and finished in Lucerne. The race was won by Attilio Moresi of the Carpano team.

Tour de Suisse
The Tour de Suisse (English: Tour of Switzerland) is an annual road cycling stage race. Raced over eight days, the event covers two weekends in June, and along with the Critérium du Dauphiné, it is considered a proving ground for the Tour de France, which is on the calendar approximately two weeks after the end of the Tour de Suisse. Since 2011 the event is part of the UCI World Tour, cycling's highest level of professional races.

From 2021, a women's race has been held at the same time, with the event joining the UCI Women's World Tour from 2023.
Volleyball at the 2025 Junior Pan American Games – Men's tournament
The men's volleyball tournament at the 2025 Junior Pan American Games was the 2nd edition of the volleyball event for men at the Junior Pan American Games. It was held from 17 to 22 August 2025. All games were played at the COP Arena in Luque, Paraguay.

Volleyball at the 2025 Junior Pan American Games
The volleyball events at the 2025 Junior Pan American Games were held at the COP Arena in Luque, in the Greater Asuncion area. The events were contested between August 10 and 22, 2025.

Two tournaments were contested, one for men and one for women. The winner of each event qualified for the 2027 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru.
Sanahcat Municipality
Sanahcat Municipality is a municipality in the Mexican state of Yucatán. It contains 54.93 square kilometres (21.21 sq mi) of land and is located roughly 52 kilometres (32 mi) southeast of the city of Mérida. It is bounded on the north by Hocabá – Xocchel, on the south by Huhí, on the east Kantunil, and the west by Homún. In the Yucatec Maya language, its name means "legume of Tzalam."

Homún Municipality
Homún Municipality (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈmun], in the Yucatec Maya language: “Five unripened”) is a municipality in the Mexican state of Yucatán containing  192.89 km2 of land and located roughly 50 km southeast of the city of Mérida.
Live at Madison Square Garden (Shawn Mendes album)
Live at Madison Square Garden is the first live album by Canadian singer-songwriter Shawn Mendes. The album features the hit singles "Mercy", "Treat You Better", Stitches" and "Life of the Party" alongside special medleys of other songs. The album was released worldwide, digitally on December 19, 2016.

Illuminate (Shawn Mendes album)
Illuminate is the second studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Shawn Mendes. It was released on September 23, 2016, through Island Records. It is a follow-up to his debut album Handwritten (2015). Musically, the album contains music genres pop, rock and blues. The album debuted atop the US Billboard 200 and the Canadian Albums Chart. It was preceded by the lead single "Treat You Better", which reached the top 10 on the Billboard Hot 100. This album was supported by the Illuminate World Tour, which began in March 2017.
Oprișor
Oprișor is a commune in Mehedinți County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Oprișor and Prisăceaua.

The commune lies in the western reaches of the Wallachian Plain. It is located in the southeastern part of Mehedinți County, 63 km (39 mi) from the county seat, Drobeta-Turnu Severin, on the border with Dolj County.

Drobeta-Turnu Severin
Drobeta-Turnu Severin (Romanian pronunciation: [droˈbeta ˈturnu seveˈrin] ⓘ), colloquially Severin, is a city in Mehedinți County, Oltenia, Romania, on the northern bank of the Danube, close to the Iron Gates. It is one of six Romanian county seats lying on the river Danube. "Drobeta" is the name of the ancient Dacian and Roman towns at the site, and the modern town of Turnu Severin received the additional name of Drobeta during Nicolae Ceaușescu's national-communist dictatorship as part of his myth-making efforts.
Castel Colonna
Castel Colonna was a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ancona in the Italian region Marche, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Ancona. It was called Tomba di Senigallia until 1921.

The municipality of Castel Colonna was disbanded 1 January 2014 and united to Ripe and Monterado in the new municipality of Trecastelli.

Town hall of the new administration was set in former Ripe's offices in Piazza Castello.

Ancona
Ancona (/æŋˈkoʊnə/, also US: /ænˈ-, ɑːnˈ-/; Italian: [aŋˈkoːna] ⓘ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region of central Italy. The city of Ancona has an estimated population of around 99,469 as of 2025. Ancona is the capital of the homonymous province and of the region. The city is located 280 km (170 mi) northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic Sea, between the slopes of the two extremities of the promontory of Monte Conero, Monte Astagno and Monte Guasco. The hilly nature around Ancona is a strong contrast to the flatter coastline in areas further north.

Ancona is one of the main ports on the Adriatic Sea, especially for passenger traffic, and is the main economic and demographic centre of the region.

As a result of Ancona's unique elbow shape facing the sea, Ancona is one of the few cities in the world and the only city in Italy where it is possible to see both sunrise and sunset over the sea.
23rd Mississippi Infantry Regiment
The 23rd Mississippi Infantry Regiment was a unit of the Confederate States Army from Mississippi during the American Civil War. After being captured in its entirety following the Battle of Fort Donelson, the 23rd Mississippi was reorganized and fought in several campaigns of the Western Theater before surrendering in April 1865.

James L. Alcorn
James Lusk Alcorn (November 4, 1816 – December 19, 1894) was a governor, and U.S. senator during the Reconstruction era in Mississippi. A Moderate Republican and Whiggish "scalawag", he engaged in a bitter rivalry with Radical Republican Adelbert Ames, who defeated him in the 1873 gubernatorial race. Alcorn was the first elected Republican governor of Mississippi.

Although a Unionist, Alcorn briefly served as a Confederate brigadier-general of the Mississippi Militia. Among former Confederates who joined the postbellum Republican Party, only James Longstreet had been of higher rank than Alcorn.
2009 Southern 100 Races
The 2009 Southern 100 Races were held between Monday 13 July and Thursday 16 July on the 4.25-mile Billown Circuit near Castletown, Isle of Man.

The main event was won by Guy Martin claiming victory in the 2009 Southern 100 Solo Championship race. Sixteen races were held, with Ryan Farquhar taking the most wins with four victories. Roy Richardson and William Dunlop took double victories with, Jamie O'Brien, Dennis Booth, Dave Madsen-Mygdal and Stephen McIlvenna all achieving solo victories. Steven Coombes and Paul Knapton, Ian and Carl Bell, and Glyn Jones and Jason Slous all tasted sidecar success during the meeting.

Southern 100
The Southern 100 is a motorcycle road racing event held on the Isle of Man in July of each year. The event was first held in 1955, with three races for different classes of solo motorcycles; the 2015 calendar included twelve races for various classes. The participants compete on the Billown Circuit in the south of the island, starting and finishing at Castletown.
Outline of Sweden
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Sweden:

Sweden – Scandinavian country in Northern Europe, situated between Norway and Finland.  Sweden maintained a policy of neutrality in armed conflicts from 1814 until 2009, when it entered into various mutual defence treaties. Sweden joined NATO in 2024. It is a member of the European Union, but retains its own currency (the krona). Swedish icons include Sweden's quality of life, its neutrality, public health care, cars (Volvo, Saab), furniture (IKEA), blonds and pop music performers (ABBA, Roxette, and Avicii).

History of the Jews in Sweden
The history of Jews in Sweden can be traced from the 17th century, when their presence is verified in the baptism records of the Stockholm Cathedral. Several Jewish families were baptised into the Lutheran Church, a requirement for permission to settle in Sweden. In 1681, for example, 28 members of the families of Israel Mandel and Moses Jacob were baptised in the Stockholm German Church in the presence of King Charles XI of Sweden, the dowager queen Hedvig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, and several other high state officials.

King Charles XII (1697–1718) spent five years with an encampment in the Turkish town of Bender and accumulated a large number of debts there for his entourage. Jewish and Muslim creditors followed him to Sweden, and the Swedish law was altered so that they could hold religious services and circumcise their male children.
Kraszew Wielki
Kraszew Wielki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkraʂɛv ˈvjɛlkʲi]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dmosin, within Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Dmosin, 14 km (9 mi) north of Brzeziny, and 28 km (17 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Dmosin
Dmosin [ˈdmɔɕin] is a village in Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Dmosin. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) north of Brzeziny and 26 km (16 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź. It consists of three sołectwos: Dmosin, Dmosin Pierwszy ("first Dmosin") and Dmosin Drugi ("second Dmosin").

The village has an approximate population of 1,500.
Blaisdell Slow Sand Filter Washing Machine
The Blaisdell Slow Sand Filter Washing Machine at Yuma, Arizona is a device invented by Hiram W. Blaisdell to wash sand filters used in the treatment of drinking water. The machine was built in 1902 at Blaisdell's privately operated waterworks, which treated the muddy water of the Colorado River for local consumption. Blaisdell patented the device and marketed it throughout the United States. The Yuma filter is now on City of Yuma property, and has been preserved as the first of its kind.

Sand filter
Sand filters are used as a step in the water treatment process of water purification.

There are three main types; rapid (gravity) sand filters, upward flow sand filters and slow sand filters. All three methods are used extensively in the water industry throughout the world. The first two require the use of flocculant chemicals to work effectively while slow sand filters can produce very high quality water with pathogens removal from 90% to >99% (depending on the strains), taste and odour without the need for chemical aids. Sand filters can, apart from being used in water treatment plants, be used for water purification in singular households as they use materials which are available for most people.
ASTER (spacecraft)
ASTER is a planned space mission under development by the Brazilian Space Agency that will launch a spacecraft to orbit a near-Earth object known as (153591) 2001 SN263, a triple asteroid system. The launch is scheduled for 2025, with a rendezvous in 2024/2027.

According to de Brum et al. 2021, the launch was planned for June 2022 (asteroid arrival in December 2024) or June 2025 (arrival September 2027). As of December 2025, it has not launched, the previous dates having passed.

The mission is not on the list of projects considered by the AEB for the 2022-2031 period, nor was the list of projects from 2005-2014 or 2012-2021.

Solar electric propulsion
Solar electric propulsion (SEP) is the combination of solar cells and electric thrusters to propel a spacecraft through outer space. This technology has been exploited in a variety of spacecraft designs by the European Space Agency (ESA), the JAXA (Japanese Space Agency), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and NASA. SEP has a significantly higher specific impulse than chemical rocket propulsion, thus requiring less propellant mass to be launched with a spacecraft. The technology has been evaluated for missions to Mars.