hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Merionethshire Railway
The Merionethshire Railway (MR) was a proposed 1 ft 11+3⁄4 in (603 mm) and 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) dual gauge railway in south Caernarfonshire (now part of Gwynedd), North Wales, United Kingdom. It was incorporated by an act of Parliament, the Merionethshire Railway Act 1871 (34 & 35 Vict. c. lxxii) on 29 June 1871. Work to build the line never started, though parliamentary extensions of time to do so were obtained by the Merionethshire Railway (Extension of Time) Act 1876 (39 & 40 Vict. c. lxxvii) and the Merionethshire Railway (Extension of Time) Act 1879 (42 & 43 Vict. c. liii), and the Merionethshire Railway (Extension of Time) Act 1882 (45 & 46 Vict. c. xvi).  Powers to build the line lapsed in 1885 and were abandoned by the passing of the Merionethshire Railway (Abandonment) Act 1887 (50 & 51 Vict. c.cviii) on 12 July 1887.

Festiniog railway station
Festiniog railway station served the village of Llan Ffestiniog, Gwynedd, Wales. This station was one of many 19th century institutions in Wales to be given an anglicised name. Over the years, and especially since the Second World War, most have been rendered into Welsh or given both Welsh and English names, but Festiniog station closed before this happened. The village of Llan Ffestiniog – known locally simply as "Llan" – lies over 3 km south of the larger and more recent Blaenau Ffestiniog, and over three miles south by rail.
9×23mm Largo
The 9×23mm Largo  (9mm Largo, 9mm Bergmann–Bayard, 9mm Bayard Long) centerfire pistol cartridge was developed in 1903 for the Bergmann–Bayard pistol. It was adopted by the Spanish and Danish militaries, with the former using it until the 1980s, when it was replaced by the 9×19mm Parabellum.

Anciens Etablissements Pieper
Anciens Etablissements Pieper was a Belgian arms manufacturer established under the name Henri Pieper in Herstal, Belgium in 1884 (some sources, 1866), by Henri Pieper. In 1898, it was renamed to Nicolas Pieper, and it became the Anciens Etablissements Pieper in 1905. It stayed in business until approximately 1950. The company used the Bayard trade name (after the legendary horse of Renaud de Montauban) and manufactured the 1888 Henri-Pieper rifle, the Pieper M1893 carbine, the Bergmann–Bayard pistol and the Bayard 1908 pistol. The company also produced a small pistol with a tip-up barrel ("basculant") to facilitate loading.
Pisharnath Mahadev Mandir
The Pisharnath Mahadev Mandir is a Shiva temple located in the hill-station of Matheran in Maharashtra, India. This temple is the oldest in Matheran and the deity Piśarnāth is the grama devata (village deity). The lingam here is swayambhū and appears in an extraordinary titled ‘L’ shape and is covered with sindoor. This ancient temple is located on the banks of a lake now known as "Charlotte". The surroundings of the temple are extremely beautiful and secluded. The place is at an altitude of about 2516 feet above sea level. Matheran itself is a very famous hill-station and is an attractive tourist spot.

Matheran
Matheran is a partially automobile free hill station and a municipal council in the Karjat taluka of the Raigad district located in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Matheran is part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, and one of the smallest hill stations in India. It is located in the Western Ghats, at an elevation of around 800 m (2,625 feet) above sea level. It is about 90 km from Mumbai, and 120 km from Pune. This proximity to these urban areas makes it a weekend getaway for many. Matheran, which means "forest on the forehead" (of the mountains) in Marathi, is an eco-sensitive region as declared by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India.

There are many hotels and Parsi bungalows in the area. British colonial architecture is preserved in Matheran. The roads are made of red laterite earth.
Proclus of Laodicea
Proclus (Greek: Πρόκλος) or Proculeius, son of the physician Themison, was a hierophant at Laodiceia in Syria. He wrote, according to the Suda, the following works:

On the gods (θεολογία)

On the myth of Pandora in Hesiod (εἰς τὴν παρ' Ἡσιόδῳ τῆς Πανδώρας μῦθον)

On golden words (εἰς τὰ χρυσᾶ ἔπη)

On Nicomachus' introduction to number theory (εἰς τὴν Νικομάχου εἰσαγωγὴν τῆς ἀριθμητικῆς)

some geometrical treatises

He is also mentioned by Damascius in a commentary on Plato.

Although a commentary on the Pythagorean Golden Verses, known through a translation into Arabic (in the El Escorial library as manuscript 888) has sometimes been attributed to this Proclus (following a theory promoted by Leendert Gerrit Westerink), this is disputed, and a more widely accepted theory is that the commentary is instead by Proclus Diadochus.

Proclus
Proclus Lycius (/ˈprɒkləs laɪˈsiːəs/; 8 February 412 – 17 April 485), called Proclus the Successor (Ancient Greek: Πρόκλος ὁ Διάδοχος, Próklos ho Diádokhos), was a Greek Neoplatonist philosopher, one of the last major classical philosophers of late antiquity. He set forth one of the most elaborate and fully developed systems of Neoplatonism and, through later interpreters and translators, exerted an influence on Byzantine philosophy, early Islamic philosophy, scholastic philosophy, and German idealism, especially G. W. F. Hegel, who called Proclus's Platonic Theology "the true turning point or transition from ancient to modern times, from ancient philosophy to Christianity."
John Knox Walkup
John Knox Walkup is a former American politician who served as the Tennessee Attorney General from 1997 to 1999.  He also served as the Solicitor General for Tennesse from 1985 to 1989 and a lecturer at the Vanderbilt University Law School.

Tennessee Attorney General
The Tennessee attorney general (officially, attorney general and reporter) is the chief law enforcement officer and lawyer for the U.S. state of Tennessee. The office of the attorney general is located at the state capitol in Nashville, Tennessee. The current office holder is Jonathan Skrmetti, who was appointed in 2022 by the Tennessee Supreme Court for an eight-year term. His service officially began when he was sworn in by the current governor of Tennessee, Bill Lee, on September 1, 2022.
Elliptic operator
In the theory of partial differential equations,  elliptic operators are  differential operators that generalize the Laplace operator. They are defined by the condition that the coefficients of the highest-order derivatives be positive, which implies the key property that the principal symbol is invertible, or equivalently that there are no real characteristic directions.

Elliptic operators are typical of potential theory, and they appear frequently in electrostatics and continuum mechanics. Elliptic regularity implies that their solutions tend to be smooth functions (if the coefficients in the operator are smooth).  Steady-state solutions to hyperbolic and parabolic equations generally solve elliptic equations.

Weak formulation
Weak formulations are tools for the analysis of mathematical equations that permit the transfer of concepts of linear algebra to solve problems in other fields such as partial differential equations. In a weak formulation, equations or conditions are no longer required to hold absolutely (and this is not even well defined) and has instead weak solutions only with respect to certain "test vectors" or "test functions".  In a strong formulation, the solution space is constructed such that these equations or conditions are already fulfilled.

The Lax–Milgram theorem, named after Peter Lax and Arthur Milgram who proved it in 1954, provides weak formulations for certain systems on Hilbert spaces.
Grant Hill, San Diego
Grant Hill is a neighborhood in central San Diego, California, bordered by Golden Hill to the north, Stockton to the east, Sherman Heights to the west, and Logan Heights to the south. 28th Street connects Grant Hill to the neighborhood of Golden Hill and Logan Heights running north to south.  Grant Hill is part of the Southeastern Planning Area.

Logan Heights, San Diego
Logan Heights is an urban neighborhood in central San Diego, California.  It is bordered by Interstate 5 on the south and west, Interstate 15 on the east, and Imperial Avenue on the north. It is part of the Southeastern Planning Area.
Maloianysol
Maloianysol (Ukrainian: Малоянисоль; Russian: Малоянисоль, romanized: Maloyanisol), known from 1956 to 1995 as Kuibysheve (Ukrainian: Куйбишеве) is a village in Kalchyk rural hromada, Mariupol Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine.

Kalchyk rural hromada
Kalchyk rural hromada (Ukrainian: Кальчицька сільська громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Mariupol Raion, Donetsk Oblast. Its administrative center is the village of Kalchyk.

It has an area of 440.1 square kilometres (169.9 mi2) and a population of 9,894, as of 2020.

The hromada contains 16 settlements: 1 rural settlement (Aslanove) and 15 villages:
Babá Ken Okulolo
Babá Ken Okulolo (born September 12, 1950) is a Nigerian bassist and bandleader who was first seen in the U.S. in 1985 with King Sunny Ade's world-touring band. He has played with renowned Afrobeat creator Fela Anikulapo Kuti, highlife master Victor Olaiya, and was a founder of the Afro-rock group MonoMono in the 1970s. Now based in the San Francisco Bay Area, he leads four bands that represent his various musical specialties: Kotoja (an international Afro-funk band); the Nigerian Brothers (traditional folk music); the West African Highlife Band (highlife hits of yesteryear); and the Afro-Beat Connexion (modern Afrobeat collaboration with other African and American musicians). Babá Ken has also headlined such venues as Lincoln Center, The Fillmore, The Warfield, LACMA, the Oakland Coliseum, Yoshi's, The Greek Theater, and the Great American Music Hall.

Victor Olaiya
Victor Abimbola Olaiya OON, (31 December 1930 – 12 February 2020), also known as Dr Victor Olaiya, was a Nigerian trumpeter who played in the highlife style. Though famous in Nigeria during the 1950s and early 1960s, Olaiya received little recognition outside his native country.  Alhaji Alade Odunewu of the Daily Times called him "The Evil Genius of Highlife."
Testicles as food
The testicles of calves, lambs, roosters, turkeys, and other animals are eaten in many parts of the world, often under euphemistic culinary names. Testicles are a by-product of the castration of young animals raised for meat, so they were originally a late-spring seasonal specialty, though nowadays they are generally available year-round.

Testicle
A testicle, also called testis (pl. testes) is the male gonad in all gonochoric animals, including humans, and is homologous to the ovary, which is the female gonad.  Its primary functions are the production of sperm and the secretion of androgens, primarily testosterone.

The release of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. Sperm production is controlled by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland and by testosterone produced within the gonads.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 131
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 131 (P. Oxy. 131 or P. Oxy. I 131) is a letter concerning a disputed inheritance, written in Greek and discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. The document was written in the 6th or 7th century. Currently it is housed in the Egyptian Museum (10063) in Cairo.

Egyptian Museum
The Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, commonly known as the Egyptian Museum (Egyptian Arabic: المتحف المصرى, romanized: al-Matḥaf al-Miṣrī, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [elˈmætħæf elˈmɑsˤɾi]) and also called the Cairo Museum or the Egyptian Museum in Cairo (EMC), is a national history museum in Cairo, Egypt.

An Egyptological museum, it houses the largest collection of Egyptian antiquities in the world, including over 170,000 items. The Egyptian Museum occupies a building constructed in 1901 on Tahrir Square in Cairo, Egypt, and is one of the largest museums in Africa as well as the first national museum of the Middle East.
Machines (Biffy Clyro song)
"Machines" is a song by Scottish band Biffy Clyro, from their 2007 album, Puzzle. It was due to be released as the fourth physical single from Puzzle on 1 October 2007 but was pushed back one week and released on 8 October 2007.

The "Alternate Mix" was released on iTunes on 30 September, 1 day earlier than expected.

The "Rock Version" can only be bought at Recordstore.co.uk and also has alternate lyrics to the album version.

Puzzle (Biffy Clyro album)
Puzzle is the fourth studio album by Scottish rock band Biffy Clyro, released 4 June 2007 – the album was later released in America in August. It is the band's first album since leaving Beggars Banquet (though the sleeve artwork still features the Beggars Banquet logo).

The album reached No. 2 in the UK Albums Chart to widespread critical acclaim, receiving several perfect ratings and was voted the best album of 2007 by Kerrang! and Rock Sound. The album also reached No. 17 in Ireland, and No. 39 in the overall world charts. The album is certified Platinum in the UK, having sold over 300,000 copies. As of July 2016, it has sold 342,042 copies in the UK.

This album is notable for having somewhat more straightforward song structures and a more melodic overall sound than their previous work, while still retaining some more unusual elements.
Daisy W. Okocha
Daisy Wotube OkochaListenⓘ (born 15 January 1951) is a Nigerian judge who served as the 7th Chief Judge of Rivers State, and is in charge of the state's High Court of Justice, and Judicial Service Commission. She was appointed to the office by Governor Ezenwo Wike on 4 January 2016, and held it until her retirement on 15 January 2016. She had also served as Chief Judge in an acting capacity before attaining the substantive appointment.

Judiciary of Rivers State
The Judiciary of Rivers State is a branch of the Government of Rivers State that has sole authority and responsibility for the interpretation and application of the state's laws as well as the adjudication of disputes or controversies.
British support for Iraq during the Iran–Iraq War
The United Kingdom supported Ba'athist Iraq as early as 1981 during the Iran–Iraq War by covertly providing military equipment and arms. Although officially neutral in the conflict, the United Kingdom made direct sales to both Iraq and Iran. With an embargo in effect various companies also supplied Iraq and Iran by shipping materials through third-party countries and from those countries to the belligerents. While some of this exporting was legal, permitted or tolerated by parliament, Iraqi clandestine procurement operations were especially active in Britain.

End-user certificate
An end-user certificate, or EUC, is a document used in international transfers, including sales and arms provided as aid, of weapons and ammunition to certify that the buyer is the final recipient of the materials and does not plan on transferring the materials to another. EUCs are required by many governments to restrict the movement of military materials to undesired destinations, such as non-state actors under an international or domestic embargo, governments with bad human rights records or states that are considered to be threats by the original supplier of the arms.
Daula (month)
Daula (Classical Mandaic: ࡃࡀࡅࡋࡀ), alternatively known as Šabaṭ (Classical Mandaic: ࡔࡀࡁࡀࡈ), is the first month of the Mandaean calendar. The month begins with Dehwa Rabba, or New Year's Day. The Feast of the Great Shishlam is celebrated on the sixth day of the month.

It is the Mandaic name for the constellation Aquarius. It currently corresponds to July / August in the Gregorian calendar due to a lack of a leap year in the Mandaean calendar.

Aquarius (astrology)
Aquarius (♒︎; Greek: Ὑδροχόος, romanized: Hydrokhóos, Latin for "water-bearer") is the eleventh astrological sign in the zodiac, originating from the constellation Aquarius. Under the tropical zodiac, the Sun is in the Aquarius sign between about January 20 and February 19. Aquarius is one of the three air signs, alongside Gemini and Libra. The ruling planets of Aquarius are Saturn (in traditional astrology alongside Capricorn), and Uranus (in modern astrology). It is the fixed air sign. The opposite sign of Aquarius is Leo.
Pablo Lorenzini
Pablo Lorenzini Basso (25 October 1949 – 29 June 2025) was a Chilean politician who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies, representing District 38 of the Maule Region and as President of the Chamber of Deputies. He died on 29 June 2025, at the age of 75.

President of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile
The president of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile (Spanish: Presidente de la Cámara de Diputadas y Diputados de la República de Chile) is the highest authority of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile. The office was established in 1811 by the First National Congress of Chile.

In the presidential line of succession, It is ranked after the ministers of State and the president of the Senate of Chile (Constitution, Art. 29).

The office is currently held by José Miguel Castro of the National Renwal (RN). He is president 7 April 2025 after Karol Cariola's resignation.
Toscaig
Toscaig (Scottish Gaelic: Toghsgaig) is a small, remote village, at the southern end of the Applecross peninsula, in Wester Ross in the Highlands of Scotland. Toscaig is in the Highland council area, and lies at the head of the south facing sea loch, Loch Toscaig, which in turn links with the Inner Sound.

The village of Applecross lies 5 miles to the north of Toscaig, along the coastal road via the hamlets of Camusterrach and Camusteel.

Toscaig once had a ferry service, linking to Kyle of Lochalsh. This service operated between 1955 and 1978, and was the only route into Applecross when the road over the Bealach na Bà was closed.

Camusteel
Camusteel (Scottish Gaelic: Camas Teile) is a remote crofting and former fishing village in the Applecross peninsula, located less than 1 mile directly south of Applecross village, on the west coast of Strathcarron, Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
Patrixbourne
Patrixbourne is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bekesbourne-with-Patrixbourne, in the Canterbury district in Kent, England. It is 3 miles (5 km) south-east of Canterbury. It is mostly taken up by agricultural hills and along with almost contiguous Bekesbourne. In 1931 the parish had a population of 245.

City of Canterbury
Canterbury (/ˈkæntərbəri/), also known as the City of Canterbury, is a local government district with city status in Kent, England. It is named after its largest settlement, Canterbury, where the council is based. The district also includes the towns of Fordwich, Herne Bay and Whitstable, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Parts of the district lie within the designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty of the Kent Downs.

The neighbouring districts (clockwise from east) are Thanet, Dover, Folkestone and Hythe, Ashford and Swale, all of which are also in Kent. To the north the district has a coast onto the North Sea.
Tecniche Perfette
Tecniche Perfette is an event linked to Italian hip hop, and in particular to freestyle rap.

The declared intent of the event, conceived by DJ Double S and Mastafive, leading exponents of the Piedmontese scene, is to promote hip hop culture avoiding media exploitation. The Tecniche Perfette takes its name from a song by Gatekeepaz, a Turin crew, and is a nationwide competition that focuses on the ability of competitors in the art of free rhyme.

Italian hip-hop
Italian hip hop is hip hop music rapped in the Italian language and/or made by Italian artists. One of the first hip hop crews to catch the attention of the Italian mainstream was Bologna's Isola Posse All Star, then and still today produced by Sandro Orru, who had written the soundtrack to the animated Signor Rossi TV series Signor Rossi in the 1970s.
SCSI Enclosure Services
SCSI Enclosure Services (SES) is a protocol for more modern SCSI enclosure products. An initiator can communicate with the enclosure using a specialized set of SCSI commands to access power, cooling, and other non-data characteristics.

Serial Storage Architecture
Serial Storage Architecture (SSA) was a serial transport protocol used to attach disk drives to server computers. It was developed by IBM employee Ian Judd in 1990 to provide data redundancy for critical applications. SSA was deployed in server RAID environments, where it was capable of providing for up to 80 MB/s of data throughput, with sustained data rates as high as 60 MB/s in non-RAID mode and 35 MB/s in RAID mode.

SSA was promoted as an open standard by the SSA Industry Association, unlike its predecessor, the first generation Serial Disk Subsystem. A number of vendors including IBM, Pathlight Technology and Vicom Systems produced products based on SSA. It was also adopted as an American National Standards Institute (ANSI) X3T10.1 standard. SSA devices are logically SCSI devices and conform to all of the SCSI command protocols.
Burlington, North Dakota
Burlington is a city in Ward County, North Dakota, United States. It was founded in 1883, the third in a series that included two earlier settlements. Despite this, Burlington is still the oldest city in Ward County, as well as north-western and north central North Dakota. On February 28, 1884, as it was the only city in the then-newly formed Imperial Ward County (now split into Ward, Renville, Mountrail, and Burke counties), it was made the county seat, a position it held until 1888. The population was 1,291 at the 2020 census.  Burlington is part of the Minot Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Renville County, North Dakota
Renville County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,282, and was estimated to be 2,376 in 2024. The county seat and the largest city is Mohall.

Renville County is part of the Minot, ND Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located south of the Canada–United States border with Saskatchewan.
Ciénegas del Lerma
The Ciénegas del Lerma is a wetland in central Mexico. It consists of three lakes in the Toluca Valley, the upper basin of the Lerma River, near the city of Toluca. The wetlands cover 3,023 hectares.

The three lakes are the what remains of a much larger wetland, which covered 27,000 ha at the end of the 19th century.

The wetlands include open-water lakes more than 5 meters deep, marshes with floating and bottom-rooted vegetation, and riparian forests. The lakes are home to many aquatic animals and plants, including endemic and threatened species. The wetlands are an important stopover for migratory waterbirds.

Lerma River
The Lerma River (Spanish: Río Lerma) is Mexico's seventh longest river.

It is a 750 km-long (470 mi) river in west-central Mexico that begins in Mexican Plateau at an altitude over 3,000 metres (9,843 ft) above sea level, and ends where it empties into Lake Chapala, Mexico's largest lake, near Guadalajara, Jalisco. Lake Chapala is also the starting point of Río Grande de Santiago, which some treat as a continuation of the Lerma River. In combination, the two are often called the Lerma Santiago River (Spanish: Río Lerma Santiago).

The Lerma River is notorious for its pollution, but the water quality has demonstrated considerable improvement in recent years due mostly to government environmental programs and through a vast program of upgrading local sanitation infrastructure.