hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Black masculinity in American media
Masculinity, often linked to manhood, encompasses traits, behaviors, and roles traditionally associated with men. In Western societies, masculinity is often characterized by strength, leadership, and independence. For African American men, this identity intersects with broader societal and cultural norms shaped by historical subjugation and systemic oppression. In We Real Cool: Black Men and Masculinity, the author bell hooks argues that historical factors like slavery and systemic oppression shaped notions of Black masculinity, pushing some men to adopt hyper-masculine traits for survival and recognition. African American masculinity both adapts to and resists dominant narratives, such as hegemonic masculinity often tied to White culture, while facing scrutiny in various social settings. This complex identity reflects adaptation, resistance, and the influence of historical and ongoing racial dynamics.

Masculinity
Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with men and boys. Masculinity can be theoretically understood as socially constructed, and there is also evidence that some behaviors considered masculine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.
2017 Wolffkran Open
The 2017 Wolffkran Open was a professional tennis tournament played on carpet courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Ismaning, Germany between 16 and 22 October 2017.

Wolffkran Open
The Wolffkran Open was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It was held annually in Ismaning, Germany from 2017 until 2023.
Sorensenella
Sorensenella is a genus in the harvestman subfamily Sorensenellinae in the family Triaenonychidae. It is endemic to New Zealand and currently includes three species and several subspecies. Members of this genus have large pedipalps armed with strong spines. The pedipalps are larger in males.

Carl Friedrich Roewer
Carl Friedrich Roewer (12 October 1881, in Neustrelitz – 17 June 1963) was a German arachnologist. He concentrated on harvestmen, where he described almost a third (2,260) of today's known species, but also almost 700 taxa of spiders and numerous Solifugae.

After earning his D.Phil, he was appointed senior assistant to Ernst Haeckel at the Zoological Institute of Jena. Later he was appointed zoologist at the Zoological Museum, Hamburg where he worked with the arachnologist Karl Kraepelin. From 1933 on, he was the second director of the Übersee-Museum in Bremen, Germany. Under his direction the museum intensified its advocacy of scientific racism.

The Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft bought his extensive collection (including type material from other arachnologists such as L. Koch, Eugène Simon, Thorell, Philipp Bertkau and Friedrich Dahl) and his private library. Some of his specimens are also in the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin.
Palazzo Donà Brusa
The Palazzo Donà or Donà Brusa is a Venetian Gothic style palace located in Campo San Polo in the Sestiere of San Polo in Venice, Italy.

The palace was originally built by the old aristocratic Donà family, originally from Aquileia. Three members of the family, Francesco, Leonardo, and Nicolo became Doges.

The composer Giovanni Francesco Brusa, a collaborator with Carlo Goldoni, lived in the palace.

The palace is now owned by the Signum Foundation, which sponsors exhibitions from Polish and foreign contemporary artists.

There are four other Dona palaces in Venice: the Palazzo Donà della Madoneta on the Grand Canal; the Palazzo Donà-Ottobon in Fondamenta San Severo in Castello; Palazzo Donà Balbi in Santa Croce; and the Palazzo Donà dalle Rose in Cannaregio.

Palazzo Donà-Ottobon
The Palazzo Donà-Ottobon is a palace located at Calle della Madonna on the Fondamenta di San Severo, corner with Calle Larga San Lorenzo, in the Sestiere of Castello in Venice, Italy. The remains of this Venetian Gothic palace are a small corner facade, alongside a canal, with two and a half walled-up gothic arcades in the piano nobile. The portal has an equally awkward marble relief of the Virgin with St Francis, St Claire de Montefalco, and a donor of reduced size. Earlier authors do not mention this portal.
Campbell's Field
Campbell's Field was a 6,425-seat baseball park in Camden, New Jersey, United States that hosted its first regular season baseball game on May 11, 2001.  The ballpark was home to the Rutgers–Camden college baseball team, and until 2015 was home to the Camden Riversharks of the independent Atlantic League of Professional Baseball.  The naming rights were owned by the Camden-based Campbell Soup Company, which paid $3 million over ten years. Stadium demolition started in mid-December 2018.

The park, located at Delaware and Penn Avenues on the Camden Waterfront, featured a commanding view of the Benjamin Franklin Bridge connecting Camden with Philadelphia, Pennsylvania across the Delaware River.  Views of the Philadelphia skyline could be seen from the right-field grandstand and via "Campbell's Field Cam", a stationary weather camera broadcast on  KYW-TV.

Campbell's
The Campbell's Company (doing business as Campbell's and formerly known as the Campbell Soup Company) is an American company, most closely associated with its flagship canned soup products. The classic red-and-white can design used by many Campbell's branded products has become an American icon, and its use in pop art was typified by American artist Andy Warhol's series of Campbell's Soup Cans prints.

Campbell's has grown to become one of the largest processed food companies in the United States through mergers and acquisitions, with a wide variety of products under its flagship Campbell's brand as well as other brands including Pepperidge Farm, Snyder's of Hanover, V8, and Swanson. With its namesake brand Campbell's produces soups and other canned foods, baked goods, beverages, and snacks. It is headquartered in Camden, New Jersey.
Automatic callback
In telecommunications, an automatic callback is a computer telephony calling feature that permits a user, when encountering a busy condition or other condition where the called individual is unavailable, to instruct the system to retain the called number and to establish the call when there is an available line or when the called number is no longer busy. Automatic callback may be implemented in the terminal, in the telephone exchange, or shared between them. Automatic callback is not the same as camp-on.

Last-call return
Last-call return, automatic recall, or (on PBX and centrex service) camp-on, is a telecommunication feature offered by telephony service providers to subscribers to provide the subscriber with the telephone number, and sometimes the time, of the last caller. The service may also offer the facility to place a call to the calling party.

The general public tends to refer to the service by the telephone feature code, the telephone number it has in their country; for example, in North America, this is *69, while in the UK, it is called 1471. The New York Times described Call Return in 1992 as a new service. It can be paid for per-call or subscribed to monthly.
Ynes Mexia
Ynés Enriquetta Julietta Mexía (May 24 1870 – July 12 1938) was a Mexican-American botanist notable for her extensive collection of novel specimens of flora and plants originating from sites in Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. She discovered a new genus of Asteraceae, known after her as Mexianthus, and accumulated over 150,000 specimens for botanical study over the course of a career spanning 16 years enduring challenges in the field that included poisonous berries, dangerous terrain, bogs and earthquakes for the sake of her research.

Bancroft Library
The Bancroft Library is the main special collections library of the University of California, Berkeley. The original collection, acquired in 1905 from its founder Hubert Howe Bancroft, is the largest collection of materials on Californian history and Western North America in the world.
John McGahern
John McGahern (12 November 1934 – 30 March 2006) was an Irish writer and novelist.

Known for the detailed dissection of Irish life found in works such as The Barracks, The Dark and Amongst Women, he was hailed by The Observer as "the greatest living Irish novelist" and in its obituary The Guardian described him as "arguably the most important Irish novelist since Samuel Beckett".

University of Galway
The University of Galway (Irish: Ollscoil na Gaillimhe) is a public research university located in the city of Galway, Ireland. The university was founded in 1845 as Queen's College, Galway. It was known as "University College, Galway" (UCG) (Irish: Coláiste na hOllscoile, Gaillimh) from 1908 to 1997 and as "National University of Ireland Galway" (NUI Galway) (Irish: Ollscoil na hÉireann Gaillimh; OÉ Gaillimh) from 1997 to 2022. In September 2022, it changed its name to "Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway". It is also a member of the Coimbra Group, a network of 42 long-established European universities.
Erissel
Erissel (Arabic: أرسل, romanized: Irsal; alt. Irsal) is a fishing village on the main island of Socotra, Yemen. Located in the Hidaybu District its approximate population is 400.

Erissel lies next to Ras Irissel or Rhiy di-Irīsal, the easternmost point of Socotra, where the Indian Ocean meets the Arabian Sea. On the narrow spur of the cape, the bedrock of the island outcrops as amphibolitic rocks.

The cape is a place where ships have been colliding with rocks for centuries.

Socotra
Socotra, locally known as Saqatri, is a Yemeni island in the Indian Ocean. It is situated between the Gulf of Aden, the Guardafui Channel and the Arabian Sea, and lies near major shipping routes. The largest of the six islands in the Socotra archipelago, it comprises around 95% of the landmass of the archipelago. It lies 380 kilometres (205 nautical miles) south of the Arabian Peninsula and 232 km (125 nmi) east of the Horn of Africa. The inhabitants of the island are called Socotrans, and they speak Arabic and Soqotri.

Socotra is home to a high number of unique species that are endemic. Up to a third of its plant life is unique. Due to the island's unusual geography, it has been described as "the most alien-looking place on Earth". The island measures 132 km (82 mi) in length and 42 km (26 mi) across at its widest. In 2008, Socotra was recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2010 Riviera di Rimini Challenger
The 2010 Riviera di Rimini Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Rimini, Italy between 12 July and 18 July 2010.

2010 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2010 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprises 13 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and approximately 150 regular series tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
2025 Figueira Champions Classic
The 2025 Figueira Champions Classic is the 3rd edition of the Figueira Champions Classic single-day cycling race. It was held on 16 February 2025 over a distance of 192.7 km, starting and ending in Figueira da Foz.

Figueira Champions Classic
The Figueira Champions Classic is a one-day road cycling race held in Portugal annually since 2023. It is held as a category 1.Pro event on the UCI ProSeries, having upgraded from the UCI Europe Tour in 2024.
2013 Rugby League World Cup knockout stage
The 2013 Rugby League World Cup knockout stage took place after the group stage of the 2013 Rugby League World Cup and culminated in the 2013 Rugby League World Cup final.

The quarter-finals consisted of eight teams; 1st, 2nd and 3rd from Group A and Group B, and the remaining two places being taken up by the winners of Group C and Group D.

2013 Rugby League World Cup final
The 2013 Rugby League World Cup final was the conclusive game of the 2013 Rugby League World Cup tournament and was played between New Zealand and Australia on 30 November 2013 at Old Trafford, Manchester, England. Australia won the final by 34 points to 2 in front of a sell-out crowd, finishing the tournament undefeated. They reclaimed the cup from New Zealand, who had defeated them in the 2008 final. The Kangaroos won the Rugby League World Cup for the tenth time, and the first time since 2000. Their five-eighth, Johnathan Thurston was named man-of-the-match.

The sellout crowd of 74,468 at Old Trafford set a new international rugby league attendance record, eclipsing the previous record of  73,361 established at the 1992 Rugby League World Cup final where Australia defeated Great Britain 10-6 at the old Wembley Stadium.
Umm Kalkha
Umm Kalkha was a small Palestinian village in the Ramle Subdistrict of Mandatory Palestine.  It was depopulated during the 1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on April 7, 1948, during Operation Nachshon. It was located 12.5 km south of Ramla, situated on the northern banks of Wadi al-Sarar.

Ramle Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Ramle Subdistrict was  one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was part of Lydda District of the British Mandate of Palestine. The sub-district's main city was Ramle. Its total population in 1944 was estimated at 123,490, of which 88,560 were Muslims; 29,420 were Jews; and 5,500 were Christians. A number of Palestinian Arab villages in the subdistrict were ethnically cleansed during the Nakba, both by Zionist forces prior to the Israeli declaration of independence and after by Israeli forces. Following the war the area that had made up Ramla Subdistrict became a part of Israel's Central District, being mostly subdivided between a newly created Ramla Subdistrict and Rehovot Subdistrict.
2005 Canada Cup of Curling
The 2005 Strauss Canada Cup of Curling was held March 15–20, 2005, at Sport Mart Place in Kamloops, British Columbia. The winning teams received berths into the 2005 Canadian Olympic Curling Trials.

Future Olympic champion Kevin Martin won the men's event, while 2006 Olympic bronze medalist Shannon Kleibrink won the women's event, which aided her path to reach the Olympics. She had already qualified for the Trials, so the runner-up Jan Betker rink earned a berth.

The total purse for the event was $180,000. Martin's team won $37,750, while Team Kleibrink took home $37,250.

While it was the third edition of the Canada Cup, the 2005 event was the first to be a part of Curling Canada's Season of Champions programme.

Canada Cup (curling)
The Canada Cup (branded as the Home Hardware Canada Cup for sponsorship reasons, and also referred to as the Canada Cup of Curling) was a major men's and women's curling championship in Canada, held from 2003 to 2019. It was organized by Curling Canada and was one of its major events on its "Season of Champions". The event was frequently used as a qualifier for various other events, such as the Canadian Olympic Curling Trials, Pre-Trials and Continental Cup. The Canada Cup was not held in 2013 and 2017 to avoid conflict with the Winter Olympic Games.
Nové Mesto, Bratislava
Nové Mesto (meaning New Town) is a borough of Bratislava, in the Bratislava III district. It is located north and north-east of the Old Town. The borough also borders Rača, Vajnory, Ružinov, Lamač and Záhorská Bystrica boroughs.

Záhorská Bystrica
Záhorská Bystrica (German: Bisternitz, Hungarian: Pozsonybeszterce) is a city borough of Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia. It is located in the northern part of the city, lying on the foothills of the Pezinok Carpathians, part of the Little Carpathians mountain range. It is part of the Bratislava IV administrative district. The city borough covers 32 kilometres squared and is home to approximately 7,386 inhabitants (April 2023). Záhorská Bystrica is a small borough at the outskirts of the city with preserved peasants' houses and more recent modern villas and estates.

Záhorská Bystrica features a baroque parish building, Roman Catholic Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul from 1834, Chapel of Saint John of Nepomuk from 1896, Chapel of Saints Cosmas and Damian from 1839, Chapel of Virgin Mary of Lourdes from 1913 and Chapel of Saint Vendelin. The borough is home to Slovakia's major TV station, TV Markíza.
Interleukin 15
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL15 gene. IL-15 is an inflammatory cytokine with structural similarity to Interleukin-2 (IL-2). Like IL-2, IL-15 binds to and signals through a complex composed of IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta chain (CD122) and the common gamma chain (gamma-C, CD132).  IL-15 is secreted by mononuclear phagocytes (and some other cells) following infection by virus(es).  This cytokine induces the proliferation of natural killer cells, i.e. cells of the innate immune system whose principal role is to kill virally infected cells.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), also known as colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), is a monomeric glycoprotein secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, natural killer cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts that functions as a cytokine. The pharmaceutical analogs of naturally occurring GM-CSF are called sargramostim and molgramostim.

Unlike granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which specifically promotes neutrophil proliferation and maturation, GM-CSF affects more cell types, especially macrophages and eosinophils.
Thom Åhlund
Thom Alvar Ålund (born 17 February 1953) is a Swedish former football player and manager, best known for representing Hammarby IF. In 1979, he won four caps for the Sweden men's national football team.

Division 3 (Swedish football)
Division 3 is the fifth level in the league system of Swedish football and comprises 144 Swedish football teams. Division 3 had status as the official third level from 1928 to 1986, but was replaced by Division 2 in 1987. It then had status as the official fourth level until 2005, but was replaced once again as Division 1 was recreated in 2006.
1988–89 IHF Women's Cup Winners' Cup
The 1988–89 IHF Women's Cup Winners' Cup was the 13th edition of IHF's competition for European women's handball national cup champions.

1986 European Cup runner-up Ştiinţa Bacău defeated defending champion Kuban Krasnodar in the final, becoming the first Romanian team to win the competition.

EHF Women's Cup Winners' Cup
The Women's EHF Cup Winners' Cup was the official competition for women's handball clubs of Europe that won their national cup, and took place every year from 1976 to 2016 (until 1993 organized by IHF instead of EHF). From the 2016–17 season, the competition will be merged with the EHF Cup.
Betyuntsy
Betyuntsy (Russian: Бетюнцы; Yakut: Бөтүҥ, Bötüŋ) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Betyunsky Rural Okrug of Amginsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) from Amga, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 1,216; down from 1,255 recorded in the 2002 Census.

Amga (rural locality)
Amga (Russian: Амга́; Yakut: Амма, Amma) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Amginsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia. It also the only inhabited locality and the administrative center of Amginsky Rural Okrug within Amginsky District. Population:  6,533 (2010 Census); 6,359 (2002 Census); 5,191 (1989 Soviet census).
The Prisoner in the Opal
The Prisoner in the Opal is a British detective novel by A.E.W. Mason, serialised in The Pall Mall Magazine and published in book form in 1928. It is the third full-length novel in Mason's Inspector Hanaud series, and the only one to feature the occult as a significant plot point.

Roger Lancelyn Green
Roger Gilbert Lancelyn Green (2 November 1918 – 8 October 1987) was a British biographer and children's writer. He was an Oxford academic. He had a positive influence on his friend, C. S. Lewis, by encouraging him to publish The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe.
Vierverlaten sugar factory
The Vierverlaten sugar factory is one of the 2 remaining beet sugar factories of the Netherlands. It is located in the hamlet Vierverlaten near Hoogkerk, in the municipality and province of Groningen, Netherlands. It mainly processes sugar beets to produce white sugar. The factory used to be part of the independent company Noord-Nederlandsche Beetwortelsuikerfabriek. Later it became part of the Centrale Suiker Maatschappij (CSM), and it is now part of the cooperative Cosun Beet Company.

Wester Suikerraffinaderij
The Wester Suikerraffinaderij or Wester Sugar Refinery, was a major sugar refinery in Amsterdam founded by the company Wester Suiker-Raffinaderij N.V. The sugar refinery became part of the Centrale Suiker Maatschappij (CSM) in 1919 and was closed down in 1965. The public company Wester Suikerraffinaderij N.V., which held shares in CSM, survived into the 1990s.
Eunice Cole
Eunice Cole (c. 1590, England – October 1680, Hampton, New Hampshire, United States), maiden name unknown, was a woman from the coast of New Hampshire. Better known as "Goody Cole", she is the only woman convicted of witchcraft in New Hampshire.

Exeter, New Hampshire
Exeter is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. Its population was 16,049 at the 2020 census, up from 14,306 at the 2010 census. Exeter was the county seat until 1997, when county offices were moved to neighboring Brentwood. Home to Phillips Exeter Academy, a private university-preparatory school, Exeter is situated where the Exeter River becomes the tidal Squamscott River.

The urban center of town, where 10,109 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as the Exeter census-designated place.
Darcs
Darcs is a distributed version control system created by David Roundy. Key features include the ability to choose which changes to accept from other repositories, interaction with either other local (on-disk) repositories or remote repositories via SSH, HTTP, or email, and an unusually interactive interface. The developers also emphasize the use of advanced software tools for verifying correctness: the expressive type system of the functional programming language Haskell enforces some properties, and randomized testing via QuickCheck verifies many others.  The name is a recursive acronym for Darcs Advanced Revision Control System.

QuickCheck
QuickCheck is a software library, a combinator library, originally written in the programming language Haskell, designed to assist in software testing by generating test cases for test suites – an approach known as property testing.
Sleepyboy
Sleepyboy.com is a male escort and sex worker directory service for men who have sex with men in the United Kingdom. It is the most popular male escort website in the UK.

Between 2014 and 2015, the website was one of those used by the serial killer Stephen Port as a means of initially contacting his victims.

As of 2016, the most searched term on the website was "Brazilian".

Male prostitution
Male prostitution is a form of sex work consisting of the act or practice of men providing sexual services in return for payment. Although clients can be of any gender, the vast majority are older males looking to fulfill their sexual needs. Male prostitutes have been far less studied than female prostitutes by researchers. Even so, male prostitution has an extensive history, including regulation through homosexuality, conceptual developments on sexuality, and the HIV/AIDS epidemic impact. In the last century, male sex work has seen various advancements such as popularizing new sexual acts, methods of exchange, and carving out a spot in cinema.