hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chocolay Charter Township, Michigan
Chocolay Township (/ˈtʃɒkəleɪ/ CHOK-ə-lay) is a charter township in Marquette County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 5,899 at the 2020 census. The township is named for the Chocolay River and is located on the shore of Lake Superior.

Charter township
A charter township is a form of local government in the U.S. state of Michigan. While all townships in Michigan are organized governments, a charter township has been granted a charter, which allows it certain rights and responsibilities of home rule that are generally intermediate between those of a city (a semi-autonomous jurisdiction in Michigan) and a village. Unless it is a home-rule village, a village is subject to the authority of any township in which it is located.

Of Michigan's 1,240 townships, 143 are charter townships. A number of charter townships are among the most populous municipalities in Michigan. For example, Clinton Township and Canton Township, both in Metro Detroit, were respectively the 8th and 9th most populous municipalities in Michigan at the 2020 census. The most recent township to become a charter township is Brady Township in Kalamazoo County, which adopted charter status on January 3, 2024.
Sansheng Pagoda of Tianning Temple
Sansheng Pagoda of Tianning Temple (simplified Chinese: 天宁寺三圣塔; traditional Chinese: 天寧寺三聖塔) is a historic Buddhist pagoda located in Qinyang, Jiaozuo, Henan Province, China. The pagoda is parabolic in shape, has a height of 32.76 meters, and was initially constructed in 1171.

The Pagoda was initially constructed in the 11th year of the Dading era of the Jin Dynasty. It is a multi-eaved brick pagoda with corbelled eaves. The square base covers an area of over 140 square meters, with each side measuring 12.24 meters and a height of 6.5 meters. Above the base is a Sumeru pedestal with sides of 8.6 meters, supporting the thirteen layers of multi-eaved pagoda body.

In 1984, the People's Government of Qinyang City established the Qinyang Museum, with the pagoda situated at its center. On June 25, 2001, the Pagoda was announced by the State Council of the People's Republic of China as National Key Cultural Relics Protection Units.

Qinyang
Qinyang (simplified Chinese: 沁阳; traditional Chinese: 沁陽; pinyin: Qìnyáng) is a county-level city in Henan province, China, bordering Shanxi province to the north. It is administered by the prefecture-level city Jiaozuo. The current population of Qinyang is estimated at 470,000. In 1999, the population stood at 444,480.
103rd Regiment of Foot (Royal Bombay Fusiliers)
The 103rd Regiment of Foot (Royal Bombay Fusiliers) was a regiment raised in 1662. It transferred to the command of the Honourable East India Company in 1668 and to the command of the British Army in 1862. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 102nd Regiment of Foot (Royal Madras Fusiliers) to form the Royal Dublin Fusiliers in 1881.

Siege of Seringapatam (1792)
The 1792 siege of Seringapatam was a battle and siege of the Mysorean capital city of Seringapatam (Srirangapatna) at the end of the Third Anglo-Mysore War. An army led by Charles, Earl Cornwallis, consisting of British East India Company and British Army forces, along with allied forces from the Maratha Empire and the Nizam of Hyderabad, arrived at Seringapatam on 5 February 1792, and after over five weeks of battle and siege, forced Tipu Sultan to capitulate. With his agreement to the Treaty of Seringapatam on 18 March 1792, the war came to an end.
Anniston Nobles
The Anniston Nobles were a minor league baseball team based in Anniston, Alabama, United States, that operated in the Georgia–Alabama League from 1928 to 1930. Previously the Anniston Moulders had played in the league from 1913 to 1917.

Anniston, Alabama
Anniston is a city and the county seat of Calhoun County in Alabama, United States, and is one of two urban centers/principal cities of and included in the Anniston–Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Anniston had a population of 21,564. Named "The Model City" by Atlanta newspaperman Henry W. Grady for its careful planning in the late 19th century, the city is situated on the slope of Blue Mountain.
Kovanen
Kovanen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jalmari Kovanen (1877–1936), Finnish farmer and politician

Tauno Kovanen (1917–1986), Finnish wrestler

Tommi Kovanen (born 1975), Finnish ice hockey defenceman

Finnish name
In Finland, a person must have a surname and at least one given name with up to four given names permitted. Surnames are inherited either patrilineally or matrilineally, while given names are usually chosen by a person's parents. Finnish names come from a variety of dissimilar traditions that were consolidated only in the early 20th century. The first national act on names came into force in 1921, and it made surnames mandatory. Between 1930 and 1985, the Western Finnish tradition whereby a married woman took her husband's surname was mandatory. Previously in Eastern Finland, this was not necessarily the case. On 1 January 2019, the reformed Act on Forenames and Surnames came into force.

Finnish given names are often of Christian origin (e.g., Jukka from Greek Johannes), but Finnish and Swedish origins are also common.
Åfarnes
Åfarnes (historically, Aafarnes) is a village in Rauma Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located at the confluence of the three fjords: Romsdal Fjord, Langfjorden, and Rødvenfjorden. The local Church of Norway parish is based at Holm Church, located about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of the village.

The Norwegian County Road 64 runs through the village on its way from the town of Åndalsnes (to the south) and the town of Molde (to the north). There is a ferry quay in Åfarnes with regular ferries across the Langfjorden to the village of Sølsnes in Molde Municipality to the north. The proposed Langfjord Tunnel would connect Åfarnes and Sølsnes as part of County Road 64.

Langfjorden (Møre og Romsdal)
Langfjorden is a fjord in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 35-kilometre (22 mi) long fjord is an arm of the large Romsdalsfjorden which begins between the most easterly point on the island of Sekken in Molde Municipality and Okseneset in Rauma Municipality. The fjord then continues to the east to the village of Eidsvåg in Molde Municipality.

The fjord's two arms, Eresfjorden at east end and Rødvenfjorden at the west end are oriented to the south. The fjord is crossed by the Åfarnes–Sølsnes Ferry, as part of County Road 64. The Langfjord Tunnel is a proposed undersea tunnel that would replace the ferry. The village of Mittet in Rauma Municipality lies on the south shore of the fjord.
1990 SkyDome World Tennis Tournament
The 1990 SkyDome World Tennis Tournament was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 3rd edition of the event known that year as the SkyDome World Tennis Tournament (previously held twice in 1985 and 1986), and was part of the ATP Championship Series, double-week events of the 1990 ATP Tour, running concurrently with the 1990 Belgian Indoor Championships. It took place at the SkyDome in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, from February 12 to February 18, 1990. First-seeded Ivan Lendl won the singles title.

Toronto Indoor
The Toronto Indoor (also known as Toronto Molson Light Challenge from 1981 to 1985, Corel North American Indoor in 1986 and Skydome World Tennis in 1990) was a professional men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts, held at Maple Leaf Gardens. It was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit and later, for one year, the ATP Championship Series of the ATP Tour.
Rhopalophorini
Rhopalophorini is a tribe of beetles in the subfamily Cerambycinae, containing the following genera:

Aguassay

Argyrodines

Brachylophora

Closteropus

Coremia

Cosmisoma

Cycnoderus

Dihammaphora

Dihammaphoroides

Dirocoremia

Disaulax

Gurubira

Haenkea

Ischionodonta

Lathusia

Listroptera

Meringodes

Merocoremia

Muxbalia

Neozodes

Parozodes

Potiapua

Rhopaliella

Rhopalophora

Rhopalophorella

Thalusia

Timabiara

Closteropus
Closteropus is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

Closteropus argentatus Bates, 1879

Closteropus blandus Guérin-Méneville, 1844

Closteropus herteli Tippmann, 1960

Closteropus speciosus (Klug, 1825)
Filippo Alongi
Filippo Alongi (born 27 April 2000) is an Italian rugby union player.
His usual position is as a Prop and he currently plays for Petrarca Padova in Serie A Elite.

Selected for F.I.R. Academy squad, in 2018–19 Pro14 season, Alongi was named like Additional Player for Zebre. Under contract with Mogliano in Top10, from 2019 to 2022, he was also named as Permit Player for Benetton.
In spring 2024 he signed for Béziers in Pro D2 as Joker Medical, untile the end of the season.

In 2019 and 2020, Alongi was named in the Italy Under 20 squad.  On 14 October 2021, he was selected by Alessandro Troncon to be part of an Italy A 28-man squad for the 2021 end-of-year rugby union internationals and on 8 December he was named in Emerging Italy 27-man squad also for the 2021 end-of-year rugby union internationals.
On 14 March 2022, he was selected by Kieran Crowley to be part of an Italy squad for the 2022 Six Nations Championship. He made his debut against Wales.

2021 end-of-year rugby union internationals
The 2021 end of year rugby union tests, also referred to as the Autumn internationals in the Northern Hemisphere, were rugby union test matches during October and November 2021, mainly involving countries from the Northern Hemisphere hosting those from the Southern Hemisphere. These international games counted towards World Rugby's ranking system, with teams typically playing from two to four matches in this period.

Matches hosted by teams from the Six Nations Championship were branded the Autumn Nations Series for marketing purposes.
Dromochorus
Dromochorus is a genus of beetles in the family Cicindelidae, containing the following species:

Dromochorus belfragei Salle, 1877

Dromochorus chaparralensis Duran et al., 2019

Dromochorus knisleyi Duran et al., 2019

Dromochorus minimus Duran et al., 2019

Dromochorus pilatei Guerin-Meneville, 1845

Dromochorus pruininus Casey, 1897

Dromochorus velutinigrens Johnson, 1992

Dromochorus welderensis Duran et al., 2019

Tiger beetle
Tiger beetles or the Cicindelidae are a family of beetles known for their aggressive predatory habits and running speed. The fastest known species of tiger beetle, Rivacindela hudsoni, can run at a speed of 9 km/h (5.6 mph; 2.5 m/s), or about 125 body lengths per second. As of 2005, about 2,600 species and subspecies were known, with the richest diversity in the Oriental (Indo-Malayan) region, followed by the Neotropics. While historically treated as a subfamily of ground beetles (Carabidae) under the name Cicindelinae, several studies since 2020 indicated that they should be treated as a family, the Cicindelidae, a sister group to Carabidae, within the Adephaga.
Gédéon-Mélasippe Prévost
Gédéon-Mélasippe Prévost (April 4, 1817 – February 2, 1887) was a Quebec notary and political figure.

He was born in Sainte-Anne-des-Plaines, Lower Canada in 1817 and studied at the Petit Séminaire de Sainte-Thérèse. He articled as a notary, received his commission in 1838 and set up practice at Terrebonne. Prévost served on the village council from 1854 to 1857 and was mayor from 1860 to 1869. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada for Terrebonne in 1854, defeating Augustin-Norbert Morin, but resigned in 1857 to allow Louis-Siméon Morin to be elected in his place.

He died at Terrebonne in 1887.

His brother Wilfrid and his nephew, Jules-Édouard Prévost, were members of the Canadian House of Commons.

Augustin-Norbert Morin
Augustin-Norbert Morin (French pronunciation: [oɡystɛ̃ nɔʁbɛʁ mɔʁɛ̃]; October 13, 1803 – July 27, 1865) was a Canadien journalist, lawyer, politician, and rebel in Lower Canada. He was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada in the 1830s, as a leading member of the Parti patriote.  Although he participated in the Lower Canada Rebellion, the British authorities concluded his conduct did not warrant a charge of high treason.  After the Rebellion, he entered politics in the Province of Canada, eventually becoming joint premier of the Province.  Retiring from politics due to health concerns, Morin was appointed to the bench.  He was one of the commissioners who codified the law of Lower Canada, producing the Civil Code of Lower Canada which stayed in force for over a century.
Terra Boa, Paraná
Terra Boa is a municipality in the micro-region of Campo Mourão in the Brazilian state of Paraná. The population is 17,200 (2020 est.) in an area of 320.85 km². The elevation is 825 m.  The neighbouring municipalities are Cianorte, Engenheiro Beltrão, Jussara and Peabiru.

Engenheiro Beltrão
Engenheiro Beltrão  is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Paraná. 
It is about 64 kilometres (40 mi) southwest of the city of Maringá. It was founded in 1954
It has an area of 467.470 square kilometres (180.491 sq mi).
It has a Humid subtropical climate.
As of 2020 the estimated population was 13,981.
Micael (footballer, born 2000)
Micael dos Santos Silva (born 12 August 2000), simply known as Micael, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Major League Soccer club Inter Miami, on loan from Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Palmeiras.

2021 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A
The 2021 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A (officially the Brasileirão Assaí 2021 for sponsorship reasons) was the 65th season of the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, the top level of professional football in Brazil, and the 19th edition in a double round-robin since its establishment in 2003. The competition began on 29 May and ended on 9 December 2021. Flamengo were the defending champions.

The top six teams as well as the 2021 Copa do Brasil champions qualified for the Copa Libertadores. The next six best-placed teams not qualified for Copa Libertadores qualified for the Copa Sudamericana and the last four were relegated to Série B for 2022.

Atlético Mineiro were the champions, winning their third Série A title on 2 December 2021 with two matches to spare after they defeated Bahia by a 3–2 score.
FC Barcelona 2–8 FC Bayern Munich
FC Barcelona 2 – 8 FC Bayern Munich was the 2019–20 UEFA Champions League quarter-final match between Barcelona and Bayern Munich was played on 14 August 2020 at the Estádio da Luz in Lisbon, Portugal. Bayern, who later went on to win the competition, defeated Barcelona 8–2. It marked the first time the club had conceded eight goals in a game since 1946, when they lost 8–0 to Sevilla in the 1946 Copa del Generalísimo. This was also only the second occasion in history that Barcelona conceded more than 4 goals in one game in European competitions since their 5–4 loss to Levski Sofia in the 1975–76 UEFA Cup quarter-final.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe, the match was played behind closed doors.

1998–99 UEFA Champions League group stage
The group stage of the 1998–99 UEFA Champions League began on 16 September 1998 and ended on 9 December 1998. Eight teams qualified automatically for the group stage, while 16 more qualified via a preliminary round. The 24 teams were divided into six groups of four, and the teams in each group played against each other on a home-and-away basis, meaning that each team played a total of six group matches. For each win, teams were awarded three points, with one point awarded for each draw.
Golestan, Firuzeh
Golestan (Persian: گلستان, also Romanized as Golestān) is a village in Takht-e Jolgeh Rural District, in the Central District of Firuzeh County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 156, in 35 families.

Takht-e Jolgeh Rural District
Takht-e Jolgeh Rural District (Persian: دهستان تخت جلگه) is in the Central District of Firuzeh County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Bozquchan. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Firuzeh.
Medline Industries
Medline Inc. (formerly Medline Industries, LP) is an American public healthcare company headquartered in Northfield, Illinois. In June 2021 it was acquired by a consortium of private equity firms Blackstone, Carlyle and Hellman & Friedman valuing the company at $34 billion in one of the largest leveraged buyouts of all time. It was the nation's largest privately held manufacturer and distributor of medical supplies providing products, education, clinical programs and services across the continuum of care with operations in over 125 countries and territories.

In 2022, Medline had sales of $21.2 billion. Medline was ranked at #15 on the Forbes 2022 list of largest privately held companies in America and employs over 35,000 people.

The Carlyle Group
The Carlyle Group Inc. is an American multinational company with operations in private equity, alternative asset management and financial services. As of 2023, the company had $426 billion of assets under management.

Carlyle specializes in private equity, real assets, and private credit. One of the world's largest investment firms, it ranked first among private equity firms by capital raised from 2010-2015, according to the PEI 300 index. In June 2024, it ranked sixth in Private Equity International's PEI 300 ranking among the world's largest private equity firms.

Founded in 1987 in Washington, D.C., the company has nearly 2,200 employees in 28 offices on four continents as of December 2023. On May 3, 2012, Carlyle completed a US$700 million initial public offering and began trading on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
O Brook
The O Brook is a short right-bank tributary of the West Dart River on Dartmoor in Devon, England. It lies near the village of Hexworthy, and the lower part of the stream forms the boundary between the parishes of Holne and Dartmoor Forest (formerly Lydford). An earlier form of the name was Ocbroke, and it may mean "Oak Brook", although oaks are rare in the area.

The area around the stream is notable for its historic tin mines.

A rock formation on the stream bank, known as the Dragon's Den, gave rise to the legend of the Dragon of the O Brook.

Lydford
Lydford, sometimes spelled Lidford, is a village and civil parish, in Devon, seven miles (11 km) north of Tavistock on the western fringe of Dartmoor in the West Devon district. The parish covers an area of 50,000 acres (200 km2), and at the 2021 census had a population of 370.

The village is on the small River Lyd, which traverses a deep narrow chasm, crossed by a bridge of single span. Running south-west from the village is Lydford Gorge, a 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) wooded gorge which has been cut through the slate rock by the river, and is noted for its 30-metre (98 ft) waterfall. The gorge area is owned by the National Trust.

Once an important town, Lydford is noted for its history and surrounding countryside, and has been described as a tourism honeypot.
Laser warning receiver
A laser warning receiver is a warning system used as a passive military defence. It detects, analyzes, and locates directions of laser emissions from laser guidance systems and laser rangefinders. Then it alerts the crew and can start various countermeasures, like smoke screen, aerosol screen (e.g. Shtora), active laser self-defence weapon with laser dazzler (LSDW, used on the Chinese Type 99 main battle tank), laser jammer, etc.

Detectors used in LWR are usually based on a semiconductor photodetector array, which is typically cryogenically or thermal-electric cooled. Sometimes avalanche photodiodes (APD), photoconductivity, photoelectromagnetic, or photodiffusion devices are used even without cooling. Some devices detect only the main beam of foreign lasers while others detect even scattered rays.

Warning system
A warning system is any system of biological or technical nature deployed by an individual or group to inform of a future danger. Its purpose is to enable the deployer of the warning system to prepare for the danger and act accordingly to mitigate or avoid it.

Warnings cannot be effective unless people react to them. People are more likely to ignore a system that regularly produces false warnings (the cry-wolf effect), but reducing the number of false warnings generally also increases the risk of not giving a warning when it is needed. Some warnings are non-specific: for instance, the probability of an earthquake of a certain magnitude in a certain area over the next decade. Such warnings cannot be used to guide short-term precautions such as evacuation. Opportunities to take long-term precautions, such as better building codes and disaster preparedness, may be ignored.
2019 Tasmania SuperSprint
The 2019 Tyrepower Tasmania SuperSprint was a motor racing event for the Supercars Championship, held on the weekend of 5 to 7 April 2019. The event was held at Symmons Plains Raceway in Launceston, Tasmania, and was scheduled to consist of one race of 120 kilometres and one race of 200 kilometres in length. It was the third event of fifteen in the 2019 Supercars Championship and hosted Races 7 and 8 of the season. The event was the 47th running of the Tasmania SuperSprint.

Scott McLaughlin won Race 7 while Shane van Gisbergen won Race 8.

2019 Supercars Championship
The 2019 Supercars Championship (known for commercial reasons as the 2019 Virgin Australia Supercars Championship) was the twenty-first running of the Supercars Championship and the twenty-third series in which Supercars have contested the Australian Touring Car Championship, the premier title in Australian motorsport. The 2019 championship also included the running of the 1,000th Australian Touring Car Championship race, which was contested at the Melbourne 400.

Scott McLaughlin contested the series as the defending driver's champion. McLaughlin successfully defended his championship title, and in doing so, he broke Craig Lowndes' 1996 record for the most wins in a championship year when he recorded his seventeenth win at Pukekohe Park. His team, DJR Team Penske, won their second teams' championship. Ford secured the manufacturers' title at the Ipswich SuperSprint.
Weinböhla
Weinböhla is a municipality in the district of Meißen, in Saxony, Germany. It is situated 7 km east of Meißen, and 17 km northwest of Dresden.

The municipality can be reached from Dresden by Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe tram route 4.

Meissen
Meissen (German: Meißen [ˈmaɪsn̩] ⓘ; Upper Sorbian: Mišno; Latin: Misnia, Misenacode: lat promoted to code: la ) is a town of approximately 30,000 inhabitants, situated about 25 km (16 mi) north‑west of Dresden and 75 km (47 mi) west of Bautzen, on both banks of the River Elbe in the Free State of Saxony, in eastern Germany. Meissen is renowned as the home of Meissen porcelain, the Albrechtsburg castle, the Gothic Meissen Cathedral, and the Meissen Church of Our Lady. The town of Meissen, designated as a Große Kreisstadt, serves as the administrative seat of the Meissen district.

In Germany, the name Meissen is the legally registered trademark of the State Porcelain Manufactory (Staatliche Porzellan-Manufaktur Meissen GmbH), while Meißen refers specifically to the city and municipality.
Africa to America: The Journey of the Drum
Africa to America: The Journey of the Drum is an album by vocal and instrumental ensemble Sounds of Blackness, released in 1994. It includes the singles "I'm Going All the Way", "I Believe", "Everything Is Gonna Be Alright" and "Black Butterfly".

Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis
James Samuel "Jimmy Jam" Harris III (born June 6, 1959) and Terry Steven Lewis (born November 24, 1956) are an American R&B/pop songwriting and record production team. Their productions have received commercial success since the 1980s with various artists, most extensively Janet Jackson. They have written 31 top ten hits in the UK and 41 in the US. In 2022, the duo were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the Musical Excellence category.