hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Porcupine strategy
The porcupine strategy is a proposed military doctrine for the defense of Taiwan in the event of an invasion by the People's Republic of China.  The strategy generally calls for an emphasis on fighting an asymmetric war against superior Chinese forces, in contrast with Taiwan's historical tendency to invest in large weapons platforms in the form of ships, aircraft, and tanks.  While the doctrine was broadly proposed in the early 2000s, it increased in prominence in the late 2010s when then-chief of defense Admiral Lee Hsi-ming incorporated the principle into a formal strategy he called the Overall Defense Concept, though following his retirement from the post in 2019 Taiwan did not fully embrace the principles.

Military doctrine
Military doctrine is the expression of how military forces contribute to campaigns, major operations, battles, and engagements. A military doctrine outlines what military means should be used, how forces should be structured, where forces should be deployed, and the modes of cooperation between types of forces. "Joint doctrine" refers to the doctrines shared and aligned by multinational forces or joint service operations.

There are three broad categories of military doctrines: (1) Offensive doctrines aim to punish an adversary, (2) Defensive doctrines aim to deny an adversary, and (3) Deterrent doctrines aim to disarm an adversary. Different military doctrines have different implications for world politics. For example, offensive doctrines tend to lead to arms races and conflicts.
Chilobrachys guangxiensis
Chilobrachys guangxiensis (known as the "Chinese fawn tarantula") is a species of tarantula native to China, in Hainan. Despite the name, the spider probably does not occur in Guangxi.

Note that species Chilobrachys jingzhao, identified in 2001, was found to be a synonym of Chilobrachys guangxiensis in 2008.

Tarantula
Tarantulas are a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. More than a thousand species have been identified, within almost 200 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas".  Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.
Sai Vignesh
Sai Vignesh  is an Indian Vocalist, Playback Singer, and Musician. His main training in music is in Carnatic, but he has also sung in other genres. He has released many tracks for solo projects, toured internationally, has performed with music legends like Ilaiyaraaja, SP Balasubramanyam, Shankar Mahadevan, and has been a successful playback singer for Tamil, Telugu and Kannada films. Sai Vignesh got noticed as a contestant in Airtel Super Singer 4. He made his debut in playback singing in 2018 with Eghantham, but solidified his place in the industry as a playback singer in 2022 with hits like Kurumugil from Sita Ramam and the blockbuster song Varaha Roopam from Kantara. He won a Filmfare Award at the 68th_Filmfare_Awards_South for "Varaha Roopam" (Kantara).

Shankar Mahadevan
Shankar Mahadevan (born 2 March 1967) is an Indian singer and composer who is part of the Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy trio that makes music for Indian films. In 2023, he was awarded an honorary doctorate (honoris causa degree) by Birmingham City University.
Mougins Museum of Classical Art
The MACM, the Mougins Museum of Classical Art (Musée d’Art Classique de Mougins) was a private museum inaugurated in June 2011 in the village of Mougins in the Alpes-Maritimes department, France. In August 2023, the MACAM closed to make way for a new museum, the Female Artists of Mougins Museum (FAMM), which opened in June 2024.

The museum's director was Leisa Paoli.

Yves Klein
Yves Klein (French: [iv klɛ̃]; 28 April 1928 – 6 June 1962) was a French artist and an important figure in post-war European art. He was a leading member of the French artistic movement of Nouveau réalisme, founded in 1960 by art critic Pierre Restany. Klein was a pioneer in the development of performance art, and is seen as an inspiration to and as a forerunner of minimal art, as well as pop art. He developed and used International Klein Blue.
Uruguay men's national volleyball team
The Uruguay men's national volleyball team represents Uruguay in international volleyball competitions and friendly matches. In the 1950s the squad twice won a silver medal (1951 and 1956) at the South American Championship. The dominant forces in men's volleyball on the South American continent are Brazil and Argentina.

Brazil men's national volleyball team
The Brazil men's national volleyball team is governed by the Confederação Brasileira de Voleibol (Brazilian Volleyball Confederation) and takes part in international volleyball competitions. Brazil has won three gold medals at the Olympic Games, has won the World Championship three times, and the World League nine times.

With a tally total of 69 titles, Brazil is the national volleyball team that has won the most titles overall in the main FIVB sanctioned competitions, and also the national team that has won the most international titles outside their regional competition. The team is sometimes referred to as volleyball's "Dream Team" in reference to its remarkable winning streak period under coach Bernardo Rezende. Currently Brazil is ranked third in the FIVB World Rankings.
Brzeziny, Wieruszów County
Brzeziny [bʐɛˈʑinɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Galewice, within Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) north of Galewice, 16 km (10 mi) north of Wieruszów, and 96 km (60 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Galewice
Galewice [ɡalɛˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in central Poland in Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, established in the 15th century. It was first mentioned in 1458 in Judicial Chronicles. The origin of the name Galewice is ambiguous. It either comes from a word Gal, which means 'to serve' or it belonged to the first owners of the village, an aristocratic family of Galewski (coat of arms Wierusz). It is the seat of the administrative district of Gmina Galewice. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) north-east of Wieruszów and 97 km (60 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
Speedway World Cup Classification
The table below is a medal classified table of every motorcycle speedway rider to have finished in the top three of a Speedway World Cup competition. In total, 86 different riders from 6 national teams have a SWC medal(s). Updated after the 2023 Speedway World Cup Final.

Speedway World Cup
The Speedway World Cup is a motorcycle speedway event for national teams held in different countries. The first edition of the competition in the current format was held in 2001 and replaced the old World Team Cup which ran from 1960 until 2000. The competition was held annually until 2017 when it was replaced by the Speedway of Nations pairs event. The Speedway World Cup returned in 2023 and will be held every three years.
Lê Lợi
Lê Lợi (Vietnamese: [le lə̂ːjˀ], chữ Hán: 黎利; 10 September 1385 – 5 October 1433), also known by his temple name as Lê Thái Tổ (黎太祖) and by his royal title Bình Định vương (平定王; "King of Pacification"), was a Vietnamese rebel leader who founded the Later Lê dynasty and became the first emperor of the restored Dynasty of Đại Việt following the conquest of Đại Ngu by the Ming dynasty. In 1418, Lê Lợi and his followers rose up against Ming rule. He was known for his effective guerrilla tactics, including constantly moving his camps and using small bands of irregulars to ambush the larger Ming forces. In 1427, Lợi’s resistance movement successfully drove the Ming armies out of Vietnam and restored Vietnamese independence. Lê Lợi is among the most famous figures of Vietnamese history and often considered one of its greatest national heroes.

Thanh Hóa province
Thanh Hóa is the northernmost coastal province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam. It borders Sơn La, Hòa Bình, and Ninh Bình to the north, Nghệ An to the south, Laos to the west with a boundary of over 192 kilometres (119 mi) long, and the South China Sea (Gulf of Tonkin) to the east.
Our Time Is Up
Our Time Is Up is a 2004 live action short film, written and directed by Rob Pearlstein.

On January 31, 2006 it was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film at the 78th Academy Awards. The designated nominees were Pearlstein and producer Pia Clemente. The film did not win; the Oscar instead went to Six Shooter.

Six Shooter (film)
Six Shooter is a 2004 short film written and directed by Martin McDonagh and starring Brendan Gleeson and Rúaidhrí Conroy. A co-production between the United Kingdom and Ireland, it earned several accolades, including the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film as well as the BAFTA Award for Best Short Film nomination.
Gravitation water vortex power plant
The gravitation water vortex power plant is a type of micro-hydro-vortex turbine system which converts energy in a moving fluid to rotational energy using a low hydraulic head of 0.7–3 metres (2 ft 4 in – 9 ft 10 in). This technology is based on a round basin with a central drain. Above the drain, the water forms a stable line vortex which drives a water turbine.

Precourse designs were patented in 1877 and 1967.

The specific design described here, the Kouris Centri Turbine, was first patented by Greek-Australian lawyer and inventor Paul Kouris in 1996, who was searching for a way to harness the power inherent in a vortex.

Later, Austrian Inventor Franz Zotlöterer created a similar turbine while attempting to find a way to aerate water without an external power source.

Water turbine
A water turbine is a rotary machine that converts kinetic energy and potential energy of water into mechanical work.

Water turbines were developed in the 19th century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids.  Now, they are mostly used for electric power generation.
Water turbines are mostly found in dams to generate electric power from water potential energy.
North Battleford Civic Centre
The North Battleford Access Communications Centre, formerly known as the Civic Centre, is a 2,500-seat multi-purpose arena in North Battleford, Saskatchewan built in 1962. It is home to the Battlefords North Stars ice hockey team. It is also home to the North Battleford Kinsmen Indoor Rodeo, held annually every April.

Battlefords North Stars
The Battlefords North Stars are a Junior "A" ice hockey team based in North Battleford, Saskatchewan, Canada, that plays in the Saskatchewan Junior Hockey League.  The team was founded in 1973 as the Battlefords Barons and has been known as the North Stars since 1983. They have won four SJHL Championships, most recently in 2023.
Donne (crater)
Donne is a crater on Mercury. It has a diameter of 86 kilometers. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1976. Donne is named for the English poet John Donne, who lived from 1572 to 1631.

To the southwest of Donne are the three craters Lu Hsun, Al-Jāhiz, and Hun Kal.  To the southeast is Warhol.

Mariner 10 image, with Donne at top

Oblique view

Lu Hsun (crater)
Lu Hsun is a crater on Mercury. It has a diameter of 98 kilometers. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1976. Lu Hsun is named for the Chinese writer Lu Hsun, who lived from 1881 to 1936.

Hollows are present on and around the central peak complex.

Al-Jāhiz crater is northeast of Lu Hsun.

Oblique view of Lu Hsun crater (lower right), with bright hollows at the central peak

MESSENGER NAC image of central Lu Hsun
Sailing at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece). With the exception of 1904 and possibly the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. sailing was always a part of the Olympic program. The Sailing program of 1984 consisted of a total of seven sailing classes (disciplines). For each class seven races were scheduled from 31 July 1984 to 8 August 1984 of the coast of Long Beach, Los Angeles County, California at the Pacific Ocean. Los Angeles hosted the Olympic sailing competitions for the second time, having previously done so during the 1932 Summer Olympics. The sailing was done on the triangular type Olympic courses.

Sailing at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens Greece). With the exception of 1904 and the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. The Sailing program of 1932 consisted of a total of four sailing classes (disciplines). For each class races were scheduled from 5–12 August directly off the Los Angeles Harbor on the Pacific Ocean.
Ficus caulocarpa
Ficus caulocarpa is a flowering plant in the genus Ficus in the family Moraceae. It is native to southeastern Asia, from India and Sri Lanka easy to Taiwan and the Philippines, and also New Guinea. It is an often shrubby, multistemmed tree growing to 20 m tall. The leaves, of which three complete sets are produced each year (triannually deciduous), are entire and glabrous, and up to 22 cm long by 8.5 cm broad.

Ficus
Ficus (/ˈfaɪkəs/ or /ˈfiːkəs/) is a genus of about 850 species of woody trees, shrubs, vines, epiphytes and hemiepiphytes in the family Moraceae. Collectively known as fig trees or figs, they are native throughout the tropics with a few species extending into the semi-warm temperate zone. Many Ficus species are grown for their fruits, though only two species, the common fig (F. carica) and sycamore fig (F. sycomorus), are cultivated to any extent, with common fig being the type species and by far the most important. The fruit of most other species are also edible though they are usually of only local economic importance or eaten as bushfood. However, they are extremely important food resources for wildlife. Figs are also of considerable cultural importance throughout the tropics, both as objects of worship and for their many practical uses.
The Hits (Will Young album)
The Hits is a greatest hits compilation album by British singer-songwriter Will Young. It was released on 16 November 2009. It contains twelve songs from Young's first four studio albums, From Now On (2002), Friday's Child (2003), Keep On (2005) and Let It Go (2008), plus two bonus tracks. The first is new single "Hopes & Fears", and the second is a ballad called "If It Hadn't Been for Love".

The album is noted for omitting certain single releases: "Anything Is Possible", which was a number-one hit as a double A-side with "Evergreen", the number-one duet with Gareth Gates, "The Long and Winding Road" and the single "Don't Let Me Down". Four tracks were written or co-written by Will Young.

Keep On
Keep On is the third studio album by the English singer Will Young. It was released on 21 November 2005, debuting at number 2 on the albums chart in the United Kingdom, as the album sold 107,318 copies in its first week. However, its biggest sales were 132,109, in its fifth week when the album placed at number 13. This is also his first album not to go number 1. It is, however, his second best-selling album, with sales of 1,010,000.
1978 National League Championship Series
The 1978 National League Championship Series was a best-of-five matchup in Major League Baseball’s 1978 postseason between the West Division champion Los Angeles Dodgers and the East Division champion Philadelphia Phillies. It was the tenth ever NLCS and a rematch of the 1977 series between the same teams. The Dodgers beat the Phillies three games to one before they lost the World Series to the New York Yankees.

This was the last time the Dodgers defeated the Phillies in the postseason until 2025.

Ron Cey
Ronald Charles Cey (/ˈseɪ/; born February 15, 1948), nicknamed "the Penguin," is an American former professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as a third baseman from 1971 through 1987, most notably as an integral member of the Los Angeles Dodgers teams that won four National League pennants and one World Series championship. A six-time All-Star, Cey was named the World Series MVP after leading the Dodgers to victory during the 1981 World Series. He ended his career playing for the Chicago Cubs and the Oakland Athletics. Cey was nicknamed "The Penguin" for his slow waddling running gait by his college coach, Chuck "Bobo" Brayton.
Kim Jung-sook
Kim Jung-sook (Korean: 김정숙; born 15 November 1954) is a South Korean classical singer who served as the first lady of South Korea from 2017 to 2022, as the wife of Moon Jae-in, the 12th president of South Korea.

First Lady of South Korea
The first lady of the Republic of Korea (Korean: 대한민국 대통령 배우자), commonly known as the first lady of South Korea, is the title held by the hostess of the presidential residence, usually the wife of the president of South Korea.

The position of first lady is currently held by Kim Hea Kyung, as president Lee Jae-myung's wife.
Utricularia spinomarginata
Utricularia spinomarginata is a terrestrial lithophytic carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. It is endemic to the northern Thailand province of Phitsanulok on Phu Soi Dao, where it is only known from the type locality. It grows on wet cliffs at altitudes around 2,000 m (6,562 ft). Utricularia spinomarginata is easily distinguished from other members of section Phyllaria by its deeply dissected yellow-white to pink-white 5-lobed corollas and the marginal spine-like hairs on the obovoid seeds. It has been found growing in the presence of U. phusoidaoensis. It was first formally described by Piyakaset Suksathan (of the Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden) and John Adrian Naicker Parnell (of Trinity College, Dublin) in 2010 from collections made by Suksathan in 2007.

Utricularia sect. Phyllaria
Utricularia sect. Phyllaria is a section in the genus Utricularia. The sixteen species in this section are small or very small lithophytic or epiphytic carnivorous plants native to the mountains of Asia, ranging from India to China and New Guinea. One species, Utricularia striatula, is an exception and is widespread in much of the Old World tropics. Wilhelm Sulpiz Kurz originally described and published this section as Utricularia subg. Phyllaria in 1874. Franciszek Kamieński reviewed the genus in 1891 and reduced Kunz's subgenus to a section. Later botanists, including Peter Taylor, agreed with Kamieński's assessment. In Taylor's 1986 revision of the genus, he placed this section in subgenus Utricularia. Later molecular data resulted in the revision of Taylor's treatment, reinstating subgenus Bivalvaria and placing this section within it.
Kinkdom
Kinkdom is a studio album by the English rock band the Kinks. Released in the United States and Canada on 24 November 1965, it was their fourth album issued on Reprise Records. It peaked at number 47 on the Billboard album chart.

The album had no direct analogue outside of the North American market, but instead collected songs from the Kwyet Kinks UK EP, both sides of the "See My Friends" single, the B-sides of several of the band's other singles, a track left off of the US edition of the 1965 album Kinda Kinks and a previously released track. All of its songs were recorded at Pye and IBC Studios in London, between July 1964 and August 1965. Kinkdom was the last US-only studio album released by the Kinks; beginning with The Kink Kontroversy in March 1966, Reprise issued albums identical to the UK versions.

The Kink Kontroversy
The Kink Kontroversy is the third studio album by the English rock band the Kinks. It was released in the United Kingdom on 26 November 1965 by Pye Records. Issued in the United States on 30 March 1966 by Reprise Records, it was the Kinks' first American album to feature an identical track listing to its British counterpart. It is a transitional album, with elements of both the earlier Kinks' styles (heavily blues-influenced songs such as "Milk Cow Blues" and variations on the band's power chord-driven hits from 1964 to 1965 such as "Till the End of the Day") and early indications of the future direction of Ray Davies' songwriting styles ("The World Keeps Going Round" and "I'm on an Island").  The liner notes were written by Michael Aldred.
2016 Individual Speedway Junior European Championship
The 2016 European Individual Speedway Junior Championship (also known as the 2016 Speedway European Under 21 Championship) was the 19th edition of the Championship.

The final was staged at the Piste de Speedway de Lamothe Landerron, in France and was won by Dimitri Bergé,

European Under-21 Individual Speedway Championship
The European Under-21 Individual Speedway Championship was an annual speedway event organised by FIM Europe (formerly the European Motorcycle Union (UEM)) from 1977 to 1988 and again from 2013 to 2020.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Fulton County, New York
List of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Fulton County, New York

This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Fulton County, New York.  The locations of National Register properties and districts (at least for all showing latitude and longitude coordinates below) may be seen in a map by clicking on "Map of all coordinates".  Two listings, Johnson Hall and Adirondack Park, are further designated National Historic Landmarks of the United States.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 5, 2025.

Johnson Hall State Historic Site
Johnson Hall State Historic Site was the home of Sir William Johnson (1715–1774) an Irish pioneer who became the influential British Superintendent of Indian Affairs in the Province of New York, known for his strong relationship especially with the Mohawk and other Iroquois League nations.

Johnson Hall is located at Hall Avenue, West State Street and Johnson Avenue, in Johnstown, New York.
Pavelló de l'Ateneu de Sant Sadurní
The Pavelló de l'Ateneu de Sant Sadurní is an indoor arena located in Sant Sadurní d'Anoia, Catalonia. Opened in 1981, the venue was one of the hosts for the demonstration roller hockey competitions at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

Sant Sadurní d'Anoia
Sant Sadurní d'Anoia (Catalan pronunciation: [ˌsan səðuɾˈni ðəˈnɔjə]) is a municipality in the comarca of the Alt Penedès in Catalonia; and the centre of production of a sparkling wine known as cava. It is situated in the north-east of the Penedès Depression at the confluence of the Avernó river and the Anoia river. It is accessible by the AP-7 autopis and the Renfe railway line (R4) that connect Barcelona with Manresa and El Vendrell.

The noucentista buildings of the Codorníu cava house on the edge of the town were designed by Josep Puig i Cadafalch.
Hertha BSC II
Hertha BSC II is the reserve team of Hertha BSC that is based in Berlin, Germany. Historically, during the time the senior team played in professional football the team has played as Hertha BSC Amateure. Since 2005 it has played under its current name.

The team currently plays in the tier four Regionalliga Nordost. The team's greatest achievement is reaching the final of the DFB-Pokal in 1993 – the only reserve team to have achieved this.

Amateur-Oberliga Berlin
The Amateur-Oberliga Berlin was the second tier of the German football league system in the city of West Berlin in Germany from 1947 until the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963, operating under the name of Amateurliga Berlin. After 1963, it was the third tier until 1991, when the league was disbanded. In 1974, the league changed its name from Amateurliga Berlin to Amateur-Oberliga Berlin.