hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gus Monsanto
Gustavo Monsanto (born 5 November 1974) is a Brazilian singer who is the former lead vocalist of the French progressive metal band Adagio, and former lead singer of Finnish band Revolution Renaissance formed by Timo Tolkki after he left Stratovarius. He is the brother of journalist Eduardo Monsanto of ESPN Brazil.

In 2009, he released an album as frontman of the band The Lightseekers.

Monsanto is lead vocalist for the German metal band Human Fortress and appeared on their albums Raided Land and Reign of Gold. He released his first solo debut album called Karma Café in 2016.

In 2022, Gus joins French heavy metal band Krysaor.

Timo Tolkki
Timo Tapio Tolkki (born 3 March 1966) is a Finnish musician best known as the former guitarist, singer, songwriter and producer of the power metal band Stratovarius. With his tenure lasting for more than twenty years, he was the longest standing member of the band before his departure in 2008. After leaving Stratovarius he formed two supergroups named Revolution Renaissance and Symfonia, both of which have since disbanded. In a 2011 article by Guitar World magazine, Tolkki was included in the all-time top 50 list of the world's fastest guitarists.
New Threat Upgrade
New Threat Upgrade (NTU) was a United States Navy program to improve and modernize the capability of existing cruisers and destroyers equipped with Terrier and Tartar anti-aircraft systems, keeping them in service longer.

USS Mahan (DDG-42)
USS Mahan (DLG-11/DDG-42), was a Farragut-class guided missile destroyer in the United States Navy.  She was named for Rear Admiral Alfred Thayer Mahan USN (1840–1914). The ship was laid down as DLG-11 by the San Francisco Naval Shipyard on 31 July 1957 and launched on 7 October 1959. Mahan was sponsored by Mrs. H. P. Smith, wife of Vice Adm. Harold Page Smith, and commissioned on 25 December 1960. Mahan was reclassified as a guided missile destroyer on 30 June 1975 and designated DDG-42. USS Mahan was decommissioned on 15 June 1993 and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on the same day.
BMW 6 Series (E63)
The second generation of the BMW 6 Series consists of the BMW E63 (coupe version) and BMW E64 (convertible version) grand tourers. The E63/E64 generation was produced by BMW from 2003 to 2010 and is often collectively referred to as the E63.

The E63 uses a shortened version of the E60 5 Series chassis and subsequently shares many features. The car initially drew criticism, due to its controversial styling and complicated iDrive system.

The M6 model was introduced in 2005 in coupé and convertible body styles. It is powered by the S85 V10 engine shared with the E60 M5, and most M6s were produced with a 7-speed automated manual transmission ("SMG III").

In March 2011, the BMW 6 Series (F06/F12/F13) began production as the successor to the E63.

Anti-roll bar
An anti-roll bar (roll bar, anti-sway bar, sway bar, stabilizer bar) is an automobile suspension part that helps reduce the body roll of a vehicle during fast cornering or over road irregularities. It links opposite front or rear wheels to a torsion spring using short lever arms for anchors. This increases the suspension's roll stiffness—its resistance to roll in turns.

The first stabilizer bar patent was awarded to Canadian inventor Stephen Coleman of Fredericton, New Brunswick on April 22, 1919.

Anti-roll bars were unusual on pre-WW2 cars due to the generally much stiffer suspension and acceptance of body roll. From the 1950s on, however, production cars were more commonly fitted with anti-roll bars, especially those vehicles with softer coil spring suspension.
Denbighshire Hussars
The Denbighshire Hussars was a Welsh Yeomanry regiment of the British Army formed in 1794. It saw service in the First World War before being converted into a unit of the Royal Artillery. The lineage has been continued by 398 (Flint & Denbighshire Yeomanry) Squadron, Royal Logistic Corps.

231st Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 231st Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army that saw active service in both the First and the Second World Wars. In each case it was formed by redesignation of existing formations. In the First World War, it fought in Palestine and on the Western Front, while during the Second World War it served in the Allied invasion of Sicily, Italy and the Normandy landings of 6 June 1944.
John Muse
John Roger Muse (born August 1, 1988) is a goaltending coach with the China National Hockey Team.   Muse was an American ice hockey goaltender who played professionally for a number of teams, including Rødovre Mighty Bulls in the Danish Metal Ligaen, the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins of the American Hockey League and the Worcester Railers of the ECHL.

Worcester Railers
The Worcester Railers (also called Worcester Railers HC) are a professional ice hockey team based in Worcester, Massachusetts. The team began play in the 2017–18 ECHL season, and is a member of the North Division of the Eastern Conference of the ECHL. The team plays their home games at the DCU Center and are the ECHL affiliate of the New York Islanders. The team filled the void left by the AHL's Worcester Sharks, who relocated to San Jose, California, in 2015 to become the San Jose Barracuda.
History of California Golden Bears football
The history of California Golden Bears football began in 1886, the team has won five NCAA recognized national titles - 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, and 1937 and 15 conference championships, the last one in 2006.

Jimmie Schaeffer
James Garfield Schaeffer (February 1, 1885 – August 8, 1972) was a rugby union, American football and baseball coach. He served as the University of California rugby coach from 1909 to 1914, and football coach in 1915. In total he amassed a 73–16–8 record. From 1909 to 1914, California played rugby instead of American football, switching back to football rugby code, rather than the American code. He also coached the Cal baseball team from 1911 to 1915 and amassed a 39–21–2 record. Schaeffer resigned from both posts in November 1915. The executive committee of the student body denied that his resignation was forced, but there were rumors of "dissatisfaction with his services" after California was routed by Washington, 72–0. Schaeffer was involved in the recruitment process for his permanent replacement as California's football coach, offering the position to then Purdue coach Andy Smith.

Schaeffer was born in Ohio in 1885 and died in California in 1972.
2019 World Men's Handball Championship – European qualification
The European qualification for the 2019 World Men's Handball Championship, in Denmark and Germany, was contested in two rounds among the teams that did not qualify for the 2018 European Men's Handball Championship and the 12 teams that did play this tournament but was not already qualified and failed to qualify through it.

In the first round of qualification, 23 teams not participating at the European Championship were split into six groups; the group winners advanced to the second round, joining the 12 European finalists not already qualified for the 2019 World Championships (Denmark and Germany has qualified as hosts, France has qualified as defending champions and Spain has qualified as the European Champion). These 18 teams then were paired to play a two-legged playoff tie to determine the nine remaining World Championship qualifiers from Europe.

2018 European Men's Handball Championship
The 2018 EHF European Men's Handball Championship was the 14th edition of the tournament, hosted for the second time in Croatia from 12 to 28 January 2018. Croatia was awarded hosting the tournament during the EHF congress in Dublin on 20 September 2014. This was the last edition to feature 16 teams, with the 2020 edition expanding to 24 teams and six preliminary groups format.

Spain won their first title after defeating Sweden 29–23 in the final. France captured the bronze medal after defeating Denmark 32–29. Defending champions Germany finished 9th while the hosts Croatia broke the streak of playing 7 semifinals in a row by finishing 5th.
Life imprisonment in Turkey
Life imprisonment in Turkey is a legal form of punishment and the most severe form of punishment. In most cases life imprisonment replaced capital punishment. Law 4771 of 3 August 2002 abolished the death penalty for peace time and replaced capital punishment with life imprisonment for 17 provisions of the Turkish Penal Code. Law 5218 of 14 July 2004 abolished the death penalty completely. This law provided that in some 40 provisions of the Turkish Penal Code and other laws such as the Law on Forests the death penalty was replaced by aggravated life imprisonment (tr: ağırlaştırılmış müebbet hapis cezası or müebbet ağır hapis cezası).

Capital punishment in Turkey
Capital punishment was abolished in Turkey in 2004, and no prisoners have been executed since October 1984. Before that, over 500 convicts sentenced to death were executed. The method of execution was hanging. Following the Turkish coup attempt in July 2016, the European Union and the Council of Europe warned Turkey that its EU membership accession negotiations and membership in the Council of Europe would be terminated if it reinstated the death penalty.
Methyldopa
Methyldopa, also known as α-methyl-L-DOPA and sold under the brand name Aldomet among others, is a medication used for high blood pressure. It is one of the preferred treatments for high blood pressure in pregnancy. For other types of high blood pressure including very high blood pressure resulting in symptoms other medications are typically preferred. It can be given by mouth or injection into a vein. Onset of effects is around 5 hours and they last about a day.

Common side effects include sleepiness. More severe side effects include red blood cell breakdown, liver problems, and allergic reactions. Methyldopa is in the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist family of medication. It works by stimulating the brain to decrease the activity of the sympathetic nervous system.

Methyldopa was discovered in 1960. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Therapy
A therapy or medical treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis. Both words, treatment and therapy, are often abbreviated tx, Tx, or Tx.

As a rule, each therapy has indications and contraindications.  There are many different types of therapy.  Not all therapies are effective.  Many therapies can produce unwanted adverse effects.

Treatment and therapy are often synonymous, especially in the usage of health professionals. However,  in the context of mental health, the term therapy may refer specifically to psychotherapy.

A therapist is a person who offers any modality of therapy. Therapist refers to trained professionals engaged in providing services any kind of treatment or rehabilitation.
The Masked Singer Austria season 2
The second season of the Austrian singing competition The Masked Singer Austria premiered on 15 February 2021 on Puls 4. Elke Winkens and Sasa Schwarzjirg, returned as the panelists. Rainer Schönfelder was the new panelist, replacing Nathan Trent. Mirjam Weichselbraun was the new host, replacing Arabella Kiesbauer.

On 22 March 2021, the Babyelefant (singer Sandra Pires) was declared the winner and the Donaunymphe (singer Madita) was the runner-up.

The Masked Singer Austria
The Masked Singer Austria is an Austrian reality singing competition television series adapted from the South Korean format King of Mask Singer. The first season premiered on Puls 4 on 14 March 2020, and is hosted by Arabella Kiesbauer. The show features celebrities singing in head-to-toe costumes and face masks which conceal their identities from other contestants, panelists, and an audience.

On 19 March 2020, Puls 4 announced that the production would be interrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria. The program continued on 15 September 2020.
Tanba-Kameyama Domain
Tanba-Kameyama Domain (丹波亀山藩, Tanba-Kameyama-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Tanba Province in what is now the west-central portion of modern-day Kyoto Prefecture. It was centered initially around Kameyama Castle in what is now the city of Kameoka, Kyoto. It is referred to as "Tanba-Kameyama Domain" to disambiguate it from Ise-Kameyama Domain.

Abolition of the han system
The abolition of the han system (廃藩置県, haihan-chiken) in the Empire of Japan and its replacement by a system of prefectures in 1871 was the culmination of the Meiji Restoration begun in 1868, the starting year of the Meiji period. Under the reform, all daimyos (大名, daimyō, feudal lords) were required to return their authority to the Emperor Meiji and his house. The process was accomplished in several stages, resulting in a new centralized government of Meiji Japan and the replacement of the old feudal system with a new oligarchy.
Subaru Legacy (first generation)
The first generation Subaru Legacy is a mid-size family car / wagon developed by Fuji Heavy Industries. The Legacy was an all new model, and was considered a notable departure from Subaru products in the past.

Limited-slip differential
A limited-slip differential (LSD) is a type of differential gear train that for on-road use still allows its two output shafts to rotate at different speeds, but limits the maximum difference between the two shafts to enforce a minimum of traction, unlike the common open differential, that allows one wheel to stand still while all power is wasted at the other wheel spinning at double speed, or a locking differential that simply locks them together, mostly temporarily in off-road use.

Limited-slip differentials are often known by the generic trademark Positraction, a brand name owned by General Motors and originally used for its Chevrolet branded vehicles.

In automobiles, such limited-slip differentials are used in place of a standard open differential, where they convey certain dynamic advantages, at the expense of greater complexity.
Soundproofing
Soundproofing is any means of impeding sound propagation. There are several methods employed including increasing the distance between the source and receiver, decoupling, using noise barriers to reflect or absorb the energy of the sound waves, using damping structures such as sound baffles for absorption, or using active anti-noise sound generators.

Acoustic quieting and noise control can be used to limit unwanted noise. Soundproofing can reduce the transmission of unwanted direct sound waves from the source to an involuntary listener through the use of distance and intervening objects in the sound path (see sound transmission class and sound reduction index).

Soundproofing can suppress unwanted indirect sound waves such as reflections that cause echoes and resonances that cause reverberation.

Sound baffle
A sound baffle is a construction or device which reduces the strength (level)  of airborne sound. Sound baffles are a fundamental tool of noise mitigation, the practice of minimizing noise pollution or reverberation. An important type of sound baffle is the noise barrier constructed along highways to reduce sound levels in the vicinity of properties. Sound baffles are also applied to walls and ceilings in building interiors to absorb sound energy and thus lessen reverberation.
Bathurst studentship
The Bathurst studentship was a fund for graduates of the natural science tripos at the women's colleges at the University of Cambridge to continue their scientific research.

It was established in 1879 by The Hon. Lady Evelyn Selina Bathurst (often called Selina Bathurst, d. 1946). She was the daughter of Allen Bathurst, 6th Earl Bathurst and his second wife Evelyn, née Hankey. She contributed money and equipment for the establishment of the Balfour Biological Laboratory for Women. On 18 June 1898, she married Major George Coryton Lister. They had two children. She died on 16 April 1946.

The Bathurst Studentship, awarded 'from time to time,' was taken up by dozens of women scientists in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Students would work independently, supported by academic supervisors, and were granted bench space in the Balfour Biological Laboratory for Women for their experiments.

Balfour Biological Laboratory for Women
The Balfour Biological Laboratory for Women was a laboratory attached to the University of Cambridge from 1884 to 1914. Established to expand the laboratory capacity and provide a separate space for women's practical work, it served as an important source of academic posts and opportunities for networking and discussion for women at Cambridge until laboratories began being shared by men and women in 1914.
Zulfiqar Ali Bukhari
Zulfiqar Ali Bukhari, commonly known by his initials  Z. A. Bukhari (Urdu: ذوالفقار علی بخاری, romanized: Zulfiqāra alī bukhārī) (6 July 1904 – 12 July 1975), was a broadcaster of British India and later of  Pakistan. He was the first director-general of Radio Pakistan.

All India Radio
All India Radio (AIR), also known as Akashvani (lit. 'Voice from the sky'  or 'Oracle'), is India's state-owned public radio broadcaster. Founded in 1936, it operates under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and is one of the two divisions of Prasar Bharati. Headquartered at the Akashvani Bhavan in New Delhi, it houses the Drama Section, FM Section, and National Service. It also serves as the home of the Indian television station Doordarshan Kendra.

All India Radio is one the largest radio network in the world in terms of the number of languages broadcast, the socioeconomic diversity it serves, and the scale of its broadcasting organisation. AIR's domestic service includes 420 stations nationwide, covering nearly 92% of India's geographic area and 99.19% of its population, with programming available in 23 languages and 179 dialects.
Cersosimo
Cersosimo is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It constitutes the Sarmento Valley together with Noepoli, San Costantino Albanese, San Paolo Albanese and Terranova di Pollino, located on the slopes of the Pollino massif, in the heart of the National Park.

Noepoli
Noepoli is a comune in the province of Potenza, in the southern Italian region of Basilicata. This ancient Lucanian village is situated in the Sarmento Valley, at the heart of the Pollino National Park.
Shigar
Shigar (Urdu: شگر) is the headquarter of its namesake district and tehsil in the Baltistan division of Gilgit-Baltistan region in northern Pakistan. It is located on the bank of the Shigar River in the most remote part of the region. It is a popular site for tourists and trekkers and contains many historical buildings of architectural significance associated with several different communities.

The town is inhabited almost exclusively by the Balti people of Tibetan descent. Almost 65% of the population belongs to the Shia sect of Islam, 26% to the Norbakhshi sect and the remaining to the Sunni sect. Via the Shigar Valley, it is the gateway to the Karakoram mountain range, which has five eight-thousanders, including K2.

Shigar River
Shigar River (Urdu: دریائے شگر) is located in the mountainous Shigar Valley, Baltistan region of northern Pakistan.

The Shigar River is formed from the melted water of the Baltoro Glacier and Biafo Glacier. It flows through the Shigar Valley. The river is a tributary to the Indus River at its mouth and meets the Indus in Skardu Valley.

The Shigar River is the main right-bank tributary of the Indus River in the Skardu Valley.
Curry fish ball
A curry fish ball is a dish consisting of fish balls immersed in curry sauce. The dish is commonly seen in Hong Kong and an important part of Hong Kong street food culture. The dish originates from the 1950s.  In addition, it is also served in cha chaan teng, school cafes and as a nostalgia dish for Hong Kong and Chinese diaspora worldwide.

Hong Kong street food
Hong Kong street food is characterised as the ready-to-eat snacks and drinks sold by hawkers or vendors at food stalls, including egg tarts, fish balls, egg waffles and stinky tofu, according to the definition provided by the Food and Agriculture Organization. They can be found throughout the city, especially in the areas of Mong Kok, Causeway Bay, Yuen Long, Tsuen Wan, and Kwun Tong.
Energy efficiency in British housing
Domestic housing in the United Kingdom presents a possible opportunity for achieving the 20% overall cut in UK greenhouse gas emissions targeted by the Government for 2010. However, the process of achieving that drop is proving problematic given the very wide range of age and condition of the UK housing stock.

Energy Saving Trust
Energy Saving Trust is a British organization devoted to promoting energy efficiency, energy conservation, and the sustainable use of energy, thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions and helping to prevent man-made climate change. It was founded in the United Kingdom as a government-sponsored initiative in 1992, following the global Earth Summit.

Energy Saving Trust is a private company limited by guarantee. All profits are invested back into the business in pursuit of its mission to address the climate emergency.  Energy Saving Trust has regional offices in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and Scotland and runs numerous energy advice services in the UK. It maintains a comprehensive website, and customer advice service.
Konoe Tadafusa
Konoe Tadafusa (近衛 忠房; 24 September 1838 – 16 July 1873), son of regent Tadahiro  with his wife Shimazu Kyoko, was a kugyō or Japanese court noble of the late Edo period (1603–1868). He did not hold any regent position kampaku or sesshō. His consort was Shimazu Mitsuko, an adopted daughter of Shimazu Nariakira, eleventh head of Satsuma Domain. The couple had a daughter, Konoe Hiroko, who later married Tokugawa Iesato, the sixteenth head of Tokugawa family and bore him Tokugawa Iemasa, the seventeenth head of the Tokugawa clan. He adopted a son of Konoe Tadahiro as their son Atsumaro. He predeceased his father at the age of 36. His son Hidemaru was adopted by Tsugaru Tsuguakira, the last daimyō of the Hirosaki Domain.

Konoe held several positions within the Shinto hierarchy, including head priest of the Ise Jingū shrine.

Konoe Atsumaro
Prince Konoe Atsumaro (近衛 篤麿; 10 August 1863 – 1 January 1904) was a Japanese politician and journalist of the Meiji era.  He served as the 3rd President of the House of Peers and 7th President of the Gakushūin Peer's School in Meiji period Japan. He was the father of Prime Minister Fumimaro Konoe and the great-grandfather of Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa.
2013–14 Luxembourg National Division
The 2013–14 Luxembourg National Division was the centennial season of top-tier football in Luxembourg. It began on 3 August 2013 and ended on 18 May 2014. Fola Esch were the defending champions having won their sixth league championship in the previous season.

2012–13 Luxembourg National Division
The 2012–13 Luxembourg National Division was the 99th season of top-tier football in Luxembourg. It began on 5 August 2012 and ended on 25 May 2013. F91 Dudelange were the defending champions having won their tenth league championship in the previous season.