hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gižiemiai
Gižiemiai (formerly Russian: Гижемы, Polish: Giżemy) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village was uninhabited. It is located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from Pernarava, by the Josvainiai-Ariogala road.

Giežiemiai village and folwark has been mentioned at the end of the 19the century. It was an okolica (a property of the Dautartai family) at the beginning of the 20th century.

Pernarava
Pernarava (formerly Russian: Пернараво, Polish: Pernarowo) is a small town in Kėdainiai District Municipality, Kaunas County in central Lithuania. In 2011 it had a population of 232. It is located 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from Ariogala, 26 kilometres (16 mi) from Kėdainiai. There are wooden Catholic church of Crucified Jesus (built in 1815), dispensary, school, library, monument for postwar partisans of Kęstutis military district.
Mahmud Salman
Colonel Mahmud Salman (Arabic: محمود سلمان;‎ 7 January 1889 – 5 May 1942) was the Commanding Officer in the Royal Iraqi Air Force in the late 1930s and as a member of the Golden Square, was one of the four principal instigators of the 1941 Iraqi coup d'état. Following the intervention of the British and the suppression of the coup, he was court-martialed and executed for treason.

Salman was born in Baghdad in 1889 and as a young man served as an officer in the Ottoman, Syrian and Iraqi armies, the latter which he joined in 1925. In 1937, following the 1936 Iraqi coup d'état, when Bakr Sidqi became the de-facto ruler of Iraq and Commander of the Armed Forces, Salman was one of the small group of officers who planned the execution of Sidqi.

Bakr Sidqi
Bakr Sidqi al-Askari (Arabic: بكر صدقي العسكري;‎ 1890 – 11 August 1937) was an Iraqi general of Kurdish origin, Sidqi, the Chief of the Iraq General Staff of the nation's  military, was born in 1890 and assassinated on 11 August 1937, in Mosul.
Lubana bint Ali ibn al-Mahdi
Lubāna bint ʿAlī ibn al-Mahdī (Arabic: لبانة بنت علي بن المهدي) was an Abbasid princess, Arabic poet and the principal wife of caliph al-Amin. She was the daughter of Ali, a son of the third Abbasid caliph, al-Mahdi.

Al-Hadi
Abū Muḥammad Mūsā ibn al-Mahdī al-Hādī (Arabic: أبو محمد موسى بن المهدي الهادي; 26 April 764 CE  – 14 September 786 CE) better known by his laqab al-Hādī (الهادي‎) was the fourth Abbasid caliph who succeeded his father al-Mahdi and ruled from 169 AH (785 CE) until his death in 170 AH (786 CE). His short reign ended with internal chaos and power struggles with his mother.
Ittihad El Shorta SC
Ittihad El Shorta (Arabic: نادي إتحاد الشرطة), also known as Police Union, or simply  El Shorta, is an Egyptian football club based in the Egyptian capital Cairo. The club was founded in 1980 and competes in Egyptian Third Division, the third-highest league in the Egyptian football league system.

Egyptian Third Division
The Egyptian Third Division (Arabic: دوري القسم الثالث المصري) is an Egyptian professional football league that represented the third tier of the Egyptian football league system until 2023. It is administered by the Egyptian Football Association. It is below the Egyptian Second Division, and above the regional league Egyptian Fourth Division; the lowest football league in the country.

The league was reformed in 1977, and consists of multiple groups covering different parts of Egypt, with the winner of each group either gaining automatic promotion to the next level, or earning a place in the promotion play-offs, depending on the number of groups and teams participating.

Following the creation of the Second Division A and Second Division B, the Third Division will be downgraded to level 4 on the pyramid starting from the 2023–24 season.
POWER8
POWER8 is a family of superscalar multi-core microprocessors based on the Power ISA, announced in August 2013 at the Hot Chips conference. The designs are available for licensing under the OpenPOWER Foundation, which is the first time for such availability of IBM's highest-end processors.

Systems based on POWER8 became available from IBM in June 2014. Systems and POWER8 processor designs made by other OpenPOWER members were available in early 2015.

NVLink
NVLink is a wire-based serial, multi-lane, near-range, communications link developed by Nvidia. Unlike PCI Express, a device can consist of multiple NVLinks, and devices can use mesh networking to communicate instead of a central hub/switch. The protocol was first announced in March 2014 and uses a proprietary high-speed signaling interconnect (NVHS).

For small numbers of GPUs, the NVLink lanes on a single device are sufficient for an all-to-all mesh connectivity. To accommodate higher GPU counts, NVLink since 2018 use a packet-switched architecture, where a central switch can serve up to 32 two-lane ports. The NVSwitch for NVLink 4.0 can produce some simple computation of its own (e.g., sum, broadcast) to reduce the need for communication thanks to the "SHARP" accelerator.
Lamantin Island
Lamantin Island (Bulgarian: остров Ламантин, romanized: ostrov Lamantin, IPA: [ˈɔstrof lɐmɐnˈtin]) is the partly ice-free island 812 m long in southwest–northeast direction and 318 m wide in the Dannebrog Islands group of Wilhelm Archipelago in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Its surface area is 15.8 ha.

The feature is so named because of its shape supposedly resembling a manatee ('lamantin' in Bulgarian), and in association with other descriptive names of islands in the area.

Dannebrog Islands
The Dannebrog Islands are a group of islands and rocks lying between the Wauwermans Islands and the Vedel Islands in the Wilhelm Archipelago.

The Wilhelm Archipelago was first sighted and named by a German expedition under Eduard Dallmann, 1873–74, and was resighted and the whole archipelago named the Dannebrog Islands by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Gerlache, in appreciation of support given to Gerlache by Denmark. Dallmann's original naming has been retained for the archipelago, and the name Dannebrog restricted to the smaller group here described.
Calle Real, Iloilo
Calle Real (lit. 'Royal Street' in Spanish), officially named as J.M. Basa Street, is a historic street located in the old downtown district of Iloilo City Proper in Iloilo City, Philippines. It is home to several fine examples of luxury American-era neoclassical, beaux-arts, and art deco buildings. The street has been famous since the Spanish era and once served as the city's main shopping center for more than a century.

The street's heritage designation by the local government has been expanded into a zone known as the Calle Real Heritage Zone, which covers the long stretch of J.M. Basa and the streets and thoroughfares of Aldeguer, Mapa, Ortiz, Muelle Loney (Loney Wharf), Solis, Rizal, and Iznart (from Plazoleta Gay to Iloilo Central Market). The area is also commonly referred to as the old downtown of Iloilo.

J.M. Basa was named in honor of José María Basa, a Filipino businessman, propagandist, and close associate of José Rizal.

Iloilo Central Market
Iloilo Central Public Market, also known as Central Market or Tienda Mayor, is a public market located in Iloilo City, Philippines. It is one of the two largest public markets (palengkes) in the Iloilo City Proper district, the other being the Iloilo Terminal Market, (commonly referred to as "Super"). Opened in 1912, it is considered one of the oldest public markets in the Philippines and is noted for its Art Deco façade.

In 2022, along with the Iloilo Terminal Market, it underwent redevelopment through a public-private partnership (PPP) between the Iloilo City Government and SM Prime Holdings, Inc. (SMPHI). The market was officially reopened in late 2025. The redevelopment, aside from the public market itself, also features a mall wing known as SM at Iloilo Central Market.
Francis Gibbons Tatnall
Francis Gibbons Tatnall (8 March 1896 – December 1981) was an American engineer and entrepreneur. He went by Frank and was born to William Francis Tatnall and Lillian Harriett Tatnall (born Runcie). Tatnall worked at Vishay Intertechnology and has been referred to as the spiritual father of strain gages.

Society for Experimental Mechanics
Society for Experimental Mechanics (SEM) is a professional organization for engineers and scientists studying the design and implementation of experiments to characterize materials, structures, and systems. Formed in 1943 as the Society for Experimental Stress Analysis (SESA), early work focused on methods such as photoelasticity and strain gages.  Society historical records refer to the society as SESA through the 1984 Fall SESA meeting in Milwaukee, WI and start referring the society as SEM with the 1985 Spring SEM meeting in Las Vegas, NV.  The society has expanded to include topics including modal analysis, digital image correlation, Split Hopkinson pressure bar, Residual stress, and biomaterials.
Swain–Lupton equation
In physical organic chemistry, the Swain–Lupton equation is a linear free energy relationship (LFER) that is used in the study of reaction mechanisms and in  the development of quantitative structure activity relationships for organic compounds.  It was developed by C. Gardner Swain and Elmer C. Lupton Jr. in 1968 as a refinement of the Hammett equation to include both field effects and resonance effects.

Physical organic chemistry
Physical organic chemistry, a term coined by Louis Hammett in 1940, refers to a discipline of organic chemistry that focuses on the relationship between chemical structures and reactivity, in particular, applying experimental tools of physical chemistry to the study of organic molecules. Specific focal points of study include the rates of organic reactions, the relative chemical stabilities of the starting materials, reactive intermediates, transition states, and products of chemical reactions, and non-covalent aspects of solvation and molecular interactions that influence chemical reactivity. Such studies provide theoretical and practical frameworks to understand how changes in structure in solution or solid-state contexts impact reaction mechanism and rate for each organic reaction of interest.
College of Air Warfare
College of Air Warfare (CAW) is a defence service training institution of the Indian Air Force. The college conducts courses and programmes in the art of Joint Warfare, with special emphasis on employment of Air Power.
The functional and the administrative control of the college is with the Training Command of the IAF. The current Commandant of the college is Air Vice Marshal Manish Khanna AVSM, VM

Vayu Sena Medal
The Vayu Sena Medal (lit. 'Air Force Medal') is a military decoration, usually awarded in peacetime for a job well done in the Indian Air Force. However, it has been granted during times of conflict for acts of gallantry in the face of enemy, though not in the same numbers as the Vir Chakra.

Posthumous awards may be made and a bar is authorized for subsequent awards of the Vayu Sena Medal.

The VM was established on 17 June 1960 by the President of India and awards have been made from 1961 onwards. Awards over the past decade or more have been classified into two categories. One is Vayu Sena Medal (Gallantry) and the other for Vayu Sena Medal (Devotion to Duty).
Libby Heaney
Libby Heaney is a British artist and quantum physicist known for her pioneering work on AI and quantum computing. She works on the impact of future technologies and is widely known to be the first artist to use quantum computing as a functioning artistic medium. Her work has been featured internationally, including in the Victoria and Albert Museum, Tate Modern and the Science Gallery.

LAS Art Foundation
LAS Art Foundation is a non-profit arts organisation in Berlin, Germany. It was launched in 2019 by Jan Fischer and Bettina Kames, focussing on exploring the intersection of art, science and technology.

The foundation's primary objective is to develop groundbreaking projects and experiences that envision the future and investigate topics ranging from artificial intelligence and quantum computing to ecology and biotechnology.

LAS Art Foundation collaborates with visionary artists, thinkers and institutions to develop innovative projects and experiences. Through its diverse programme, which includes newly commissioned and existing exhibitions and performances, educational programming, publications, and research projects, the foundation seeks to illuminate the connections between art, science and technology.
Molala
The Molala are a Native American people of Oregon that originally resided in the Western Cascades. There are few recorded sources about the Molala, the majority being unpublished manuscripts. This assortment includes the works of Albert S. Gatschet, Franz Boas, Leo J. Frachtenberg, Philip Drucker, Melville Jacobs, and Leslie Spier.

Descendants of the Molala reside on the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon, Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians, and the Klamath Tribes. In the 1950s 141 of the 882 Grand Ronde Reservation members claimed Molala descent.

Statesman Journal
The Statesman Journal is the major daily newspaper published in Salem, Oregon, United States. Founded in 1851 as the Oregon Statesman, it later merged with the Capital Journal to form the current newspaper, the second-oldest in Oregon. The Statesman Journal is distributed in Salem, Keizer, and portions of the mid-Willamette Valley. The average weekday circulation was 27,859, with Sunday's readership listed at 36,323, in 2012. It is owned, along with the neighboring Stayton Mail and Silverton Appeal Tribune, by the national USA Today Co.
Brian Hennessy
Brian Hennessy (born 29 August 1969) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a right corner-back for the Offaly senior team.

Born in Birr, County Offaly, Hennessy first played competitive hurling in his youth. He first came to prominence on the inter-county scene when he first linked up with the Offaly minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut during the 1990-91 National League and immediately became a regular member of the team. During his career he won a National Hurling League medal on the field of play.

At club level Hennessy is a one-time All-Ireland medallist with Birr. In addition to this he also won four Leinster medals and five championship medals.

His retirement came following the conclusion of the 1995 championship.

1994–95 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship
The 1994–95 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship was the 25th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county club hurling tournament. The championship ran from 14 August 1994 to 17 March 1995.

Sarsfields of Galway were the defending champions, however, they failed to qualify after being beaten by Athenry in the final of the 1994 Galway SHC. Naas of Kildare, St. Dominic's of Roscommon, Tullaroan of Kilkenny and Oulart-the Ballagh of Wexford made their first appearances in the championship.

The All-Ireland final, a replay, was played at Croke Park in Dublin on 2 April 1995, between Birr of Offaly and Dunloy of Antrim, in what was a first championship meeting between the teams. Birr won the match by 3–13 to 2–03 to claim a first title.

Kilmallock's Paddy Kelly was the championship's top scorer with 1–26.
Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid
Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid is an organic compound with the formula C5H9CO2H.  It is a colorless nonvolatile oil.  It can be produced by the palladium-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of  cyclopentene:

C5H8  +  CO  +  H2O   →   C5H9CO2H

An alternative route involves the Favorskii rearrangement, which is a base-induced ring contraction of 2-chlorocyclohexanone to give the ester  methyl cyclopentanecarboxylate, which can be hydrolyzed to the carboxylic acid.

Carboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO2H, sometimes as R−C(O)OH with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely. Important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids. Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid gives a carboxylate anion.
Kendrick Dean
Kendrick Jevon Dean (also known as Wyldcard) is an American record producer, songwriter and entrepreneur. He has produced or written for 7 GRAMMY Nominated albums to date. Some of his hits include Chris Brown's "Say Goodbye" (Billboard #1), Mariah Carey's "I Stay In Love" and Trey Songz "Last Time".

Dean is often incorrectly credited for compositions from Swizz Beatz,  both of whom are credited as "K. Dean".

Day26
Day26 is an American male R&B music group formed in August 2007 by Sean "Diddy" Combs in a handpicked selection at the end of MTV's Making the Band 4. The group consists of Robert Curry, Brian Angel, Willie Taylor, Qwanell Mosley and Michael McCluney.  The moniker is a tribute to the day when Angel, McCluney, Mosely, Curry, and Taylor went from unknowns to stars.  The group released their first album, Day26, on March 25, 2008, one week after their then labelmates and Making the Band 3 winners Danity Kane released Welcome to the Dollhouse. The album's first single, "Got Me Going", was released on the finale of Making the Band 4. The album went on to debut at number one on the billboard charts. Subsequent seasons of Making the Band 4 featured the group on tour and making their second album Forever in a Day which also topped the Billboard charts.
2019 Arizona Bowl
The 2019 Arizona Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 31, 2019, with kickoff at 4:30 p.m. EST (2:30 p.m. local MST) on CBS Sports Network. It was the 5th edition of the Arizona Bowl, and one of the 2019–20 bowl games concluding the 2019 FBS football season. Sponsored by the Nova Home Loans mortgage broker company, the game was officially known as the Nova Home Loans Arizona Bowl.

Arizona Bowl
The Arizona Bowl is a postseason college football bowl game certified by the NCAA that began play in the 2015 season. The game is held at Casino Del Sol Stadium in Tucson, and starting in 2020 has tie-ins with the Mountain West Conference and Mid-American Conference (MAC). Since 2024, the game has been sponsored by Gin & Juice by Dre and Snoop, the gin-based cocktail brand co-founded by Dr. Dre and Snoop Dogg; it was previously sponsored by the mortgage broker company Nova Home Loans (2015–2019), the real estate agency Offerpad (2020) and Barstool Sports (2021–2023).
Marc Gascoigne
Marc Gascoigne is a British author and editor. He is the editor, author or co-author of more than fifty books and gaming related titles, including Fighting Fantasy books, Shadowrun novels and adventures, Earthdawn novels and adventures, the original Games Workshop Judge Dredd roleplaying game, and material for Paranoia, Call of Cthulhu and many others listed below.

Advanced Fighting Fantasy
Advanced Fighting Fantasy (AFF) is a British roleplaying game based on the Fighting Fantasy and Sorcery! gamebooks, first published in 1989. Just as the gamebooks, AFF is set in the world of Titan. A second edition of AFF was published in 2011.

AFF is chiefly meant to facilitate the games master to write their own adventures inspired by Fighting Fantasy. The few adventures published for the game are brand new adventures specifically written for the system as opposed to converting existing gamebook stories for multiplayer RPG usage.

AFF is unrelated to both the Myriador d20 conversions of several gamebooks by Jamie Wallis, and the electronic conversions of the Sorcery! series by inkle. Both of these feature unique rules not seen elsewhere in the Fighting Fantasy brand.
Moonlight Maze
Moonlight Maze was a data breach of classified U.S. government information lasting from 1996 to 1998. It represents one of the first widely known cyber espionage campaigns in world history. It was even classified as an Advanced Persistent Threat after two years of constant assault.

The investigators claimed that if all the information stolen was printed out and stacked, it would be three times the height of the Washington Monument, which is 555 ft (169 m) tall.

Threat actor
In cybersecurity, a threat actor, bad actor or malicious actor is either a person or a group of people that take part in malicious acts in the cyber realm, including computers, devices, systems, or networks. Threat actors engage in cyber related offenses to exploit open vulnerabilities and disrupt operations. Threat actors have different educational backgrounds, skills, and resources.  The frequency and classification of cyber attacks changes rapidly. The background of threat actors helps dictate who they target, how they attack, and what information they seek. There are a number of threat actors including: cyber criminals, nation-state actors, ideologues, thrill seekers/trolls, insiders, and competitors. These threat actors all have distinct motivations, techniques, targets, and uses of stolen data.
Gibbon: Beyond the Trees
Gibbon: Beyond the Trees is a 2022 adventure game developed and published by Broken Rules. It was released for Apple Arcade on iOS, macOS, and tvOS on February 25, 2022, and for the Nintendo Switch and on Windows in May the same year. The game was released for PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5 on June 1, 2023.

The game features 2D hand-drawn visuals and is described as an ecological adventure. It follows a lost gibbon as they embark on a dangerous journey into unknown lands, searching for home. It is heavily informed by and based on real-world ecological issues, and was made in collaboration with Southeast Asian locals and experts.

Endless runner
Endless runner (also infinite runner or auto run) is a subgenre of platform game in which the player character potentially runs for an infinite amount of time while avoiding obstacles. The player's objective is to reach a high score by surviving for as long as possible. The method by which the game level or environment appears to continuously spawn before the player is an example of procedural generation. The genre exploded on mobile platforms following the success of Temple Run, Canabalt, and Doodle Jump. Its popularity is attributed to its simple gameplay that works well on touchscreen devices.
The Awful Dr. Orloff
The Awful Dr. Orloff (Spanish: Gritos en la noche, lit. 'Screams in the Night'; French: L'Horrible Docteur Orloff) is a 1962 horror film written and directed by Jesús Franco. It stars Howard Vernon as the mad Dr. Orloff (sometimes spelled Orlof) who wants to repair his disfigured daughter's face with skin grafts from other women with the aid of a slavish, blind henchman named Morpho. A co-production between Spain and France, filmed in Madrid, the film is considered to be the earliest Spanish horror film.

The Awful Dr. Orloff was the first horror film directed by cult filmmaker Franco, and the first of many subsequent collaborations with Howard Vernon. Franco would reuse the Orloff and Morpho characters in many of his later horror films, such as Vampyros Lesbos, Revenge in the House of Usher, and Faceless.

Vampyros Lesbos
Vampyros Lesbos (Spanish: Las Vampiras) is a 1971 erotic horror film written and directed by Jesús Franco (credited as Franco Manera). The film stars Ewa Strömberg as Linda Westinghouse, an American who works in a Turkish legal firm. Westinghouse has a series of erotic dreams that involve a mysterious vampire woman (played by Soledad Miranda, credited as Susann Korda) who seduces her before feeding on her blood. When she travels to an island to settle an inheritance, Linda recognizes a woman as the vampire from her dreams.

The film was shot in 1970 in Turkey. It was a popular success in theaters in Europe on its release and was the first film to have a more psychedelic score for a Franco film and the first to have a prominent lesbian theme. The film's score became popular in the mid-1990s when it was included on the compilation album Vampyros Lesbos: Sexadelic Dance Party, which reached the top ten on the British Alternative charts.