hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qal'ai Surkh
Kalai Surkh (Tajik: Қалъаи Сурх Qal'ai Surkh, Persian: قلعه سرخ) is a village and jamoat in Tajikistan. It is located in Rasht District, one of the Districts of Republican Subordination. The jamoat has a total population of 15,711 (2015). It consists of 21 villages, including Kalai Surkh (the seat) and Navdonak.

Jamoats of Tajikistan
The jamoats of Tajikistan (Russian: джамоаты, romanized: dzhamoaty; Tajik: ҷамоати деҳот, romanized: jamoati dehot, "village communes") are the third-level administrative divisions, similar to communes or municipalities, in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. As of January 2020, there are 368 rural jamoats, 65 towns and 18 cities in Tajikistan. Each jamoat is further subdivided into villages (or deha or qyshqol)

The jamoats and towns, and their population figures (as of January 2015) by district of each region are listed below:
(2-Hydroxyethyl) dimethylsulfoxonium chloride
(2-Hydroxyethyl) dimethylsulfoxonium chloride is an organic compound with the formula [HOCH2CH2S(O)(CH3)2]+Cl−. This sulfonium salt has been isolated from sea chervils 
(genus Alcyonidium) and a single species of sea sponge.  It can cause a disease known as Dogger Bank itch.

Sulfonium
In organic chemistry, a sulfonium ion, also known as sulphonium ion or sulfanium ion, is a positively charged ion (a "cation") featuring three organic substituents attached to sulfur.  These organosulfur compounds have the formula [SR3]+. Together with a negatively charged counterion, they give sulfonium salts.  They are typically colorless solids that are soluble in polar organic solvent.
1998 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament
The 1998 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 26th edition of the event known that year as the ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament, and was part of the ATP World Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It took place at the Rotterdam Ahoy indoor sporting arena in Rotterdam, Netherlands, from 2 March through 8 March 1998. Unseeded Jan Siemerink won the singles title.

The singles field was led by ATP No. 3, US Open champion and Grand Slam Cup finalist Patrick Rafter, US Open semifinalist and Australian Open quarterfinalist Jonas Björkman, and US Open runner-up, Split finalist, Antwerp winner Greg Rusedski. Other seeds competing were recent London titlist Yevgeny Kafelnikov, St. Petersburg winner and Rotterdam defending champion Richard Krajicek, Sergi Bruguera and Goran Ivanišević.

1998 Guardian Direct Cup
The 1998 Guardian Direct Cup was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Battersea Park in London, Great Britain, that was part of the Championship Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the 21st edition of the tournament, the first one held in London, England, and was held from 23 February until 1 March 1998. Third-seeded Yevgeny Kafelnikov won the singles title.
Frøkjær
Frøkjær is a Danish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Frøkjær Jørgensen (1898–1988), Danish gymnast

Cecilie Frøkjær (born 1968), Danish journalist and TV presenter

Kristoffer Frøkjær-Jensen (born 1973), Danish science journalist and academic

Mads Frøkjær-Jensen (born 1999), Danish footballer

Naja Frøkjær-Jensen (born 2001), Danish handball player

Scandinavian family name etymology
Heritable family names were generally adopted rather late within Scandinavia. Nobility were the first to take names that would be passed on from one generation to the next. Later, clergy, artisans and merchants in cities took heritable names. Family names (surnames) were still used together with primary patronyms (father's name plus an affix denoting relationship), which were used by all social classes. This meant that most families until modern times did not have surnames. Scandinavian patronyms were generally derived from the father's given name with the addition of a suffix meaning 'son' or 'daughter' or by occupation like Møller - ( Miller ) naming tradition remained commonly used throughout the Scandinavian countries during the time of surname formation.
Forms of the patronymic suffixes include: -son, -sen, -fen, -søn, -ler, -zen, -zon/zoon, and -sson,'datter'.
Gmina Sztutowo
Gmina Sztutowo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Dwór Gdański County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

The seat of gmina is Sztutowo,  which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Nowy Dwór Gdański and 36 km (22 mi) east of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 107.49 square kilometres (41.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,517.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Vistula Spit Landscape Park.

Nowy Dwór Gdański
Nowy Dwór Gdański (Polish: [ˈnɔvɨ dvur ˈɡdaj̃skʲi]; Kashubian: Nowi Dwór; formerly German: Tiegenhof) is a town in Poland on the Tuja river in the Żuławy Wiślane region, capital of Nowy Dwór Gdański County, located in Pomeranian Voivodeship, with 10,171 inhabitants (2012).
Circuit 69-485
The Great Neck to Port Washington Overhead Transmission Line (also known as Circuit 69-485) was a 2014 electrical transmission line project in the Town of North Hempstead in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. It saw the construction of a new power transmission line between Great Neck and Port Washington.

North Hempstead, New York
North Hempstead (officially known as the Town of North Hempstead) is one of three towns in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 237,639 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the 7th most populous city or town in New York.
Mugimaki flycatcher
The mugimaki flycatcher (Ficedula mugimaki) is a small passerine bird of eastern Asia belonging to the genus Ficedula in the Old World flycatcher family, Muscicapidae. The name "mugimaki" comes from Japanese and means "wheat-sower". The bird is also known as the robin flycatcher.

Ficedula
The Ficedula flycatchers are a genus of Old World flycatchers. The genus is the largest in the family, containing around thirty species. They have sometimes been included in the genus Muscicapa. The genus is found in Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species are highly migratory, whereas other species are sedentary.
Community matrix
In mathematical biology, the community matrix is the linearization of a generalized Lotka–Volterra equation at an equilibrium point. The eigenvalues of the community matrix determine the stability of the equilibrium point.

For example, the Lotka–Volterra predator–prey model is

where x(t) denotes the number of prey, y(t) the number of predators, and α, β, γ and δ are constants. By the Hartman–Grobman theorem the non-linear system is topologically equivalent to a linearization of the system about an equilibrium point (x*, y*), which has the form

where u = x − x* and v = y − y*. In mathematical biology, the Jacobian matrix  evaluated at the equilibrium point (x*, y*) is called the community matrix. By the stable manifold theorem, if one or both eigenvalues of  have positive real part then the equilibrium is unstable, but if all eigenvalues have negative real part then it is stable.

Stable manifold theorem
In mathematics, especially in the study of dynamical systems and differential equations, the stable manifold theorem is an important result about the structure of the set of orbits approaching a given hyperbolic fixed point. It roughly states that the existence of a local diffeomorphism near a fixed point implies the existence of a local stable center manifold containing that fixed point. This manifold has dimension equal to the number of eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix of the fixed point that are less than 1.
Aspergillus neoglaber
Aspergillus neoglaber is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Fumigati section. Several fungi from this section produce heat-resistant ascospores, and the isolates from this section are frequently obtained from locations where natural fires have previously occurred. The species was first described in 1989. It has been reported to produce asperpentyn, avenaciolide, glabramycin A, B, C, sartoryglabrin A, B, C, and wortmannins.

Aspergillus
Aspergillus (/ˌæspərˈdʒɪləs/) is a genus consisting of several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide.

Aspergillus was first catalogued in 1729 by the Italian priest and biologist Pier Antonio Micheli. Viewing the fungi under a microscope, Micheli was reminded of the shape of an aspergillum (holy water sprinkler), from Latin spargere (to sprinkle), and named the genus accordingly. Aspergillum is an asexual spore-forming structure common to all Aspergillus species; around one-third of species are also known to have a sexual stage. While some species of Aspergillus are known to cause fungal infections, others are of commercial importance.
Ikk
Ikk is a 2021 Indian Tamil-language action adventure film written and directed by Babu Tamizh (Jiivi's writer) in his directional debut and produced by Dharmraj Films. The film stars debutant Yogesh, Guru Somasundaram and Anicka Vikhraman with a supporting cast including Y. G. Mahendran and Aadukalam Naren. The film released in theatres on 10 December 2021.

Jiivi
Jiivi (transl. Intelligent) is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language thriller film directed by V. J. Gopinath and written by Babu Tamizh. Jointly produced by M. Vellapandian, Sudalaikan Vellapandian and Subramanian Vellapandian. The film stars Vetri in the lead role, alongside an ensemble cast including Karunakaran, Monica Chinnakotla, Rohini, Ashwini Chandrashekar and Mime Gopi. The soundtrack album and background score was composed by K. S. Sundaramurthy, while art work, production controlling, executive production, line production were handled by Vairabalan, S. Nagarajan, Vivin S. R. and I. B. Karthikeyan, respectively. The film released on 28 June 2019 and was a successful venture. A sequel, Jiivi 2,  was released in 2022.
2023 Arab Basketball Championship
2023 Arab Basketball Championship for Men National Teams was the 25th edition of the Arab Basketball Championship, a men's basketball regional championship of Arab world . The tournament was hosted by Egypt for the 11th time and featured 9 teams.

Arab Basketball Championship
The Arab Basketball Championship for Men (Arabic: البطولة العربية لكرة السلة للرجال) or simply ABC is a regional basketball tournament which takes place every two years between men's national teams of the members of the Arab Basketball Confederation, representing the Arab world.
Fenway-Boylston Street District
The Fenway-Boylston Street District is a historic district encompassing a series of predominantly residential buildings lining The Fenway in the Fenway–Kenmore of Boston, Massachusetts.  Developed beginning in the 1890s, the area is emblematic of Boston's upper-class residential development of the period, with architect-designed houses built for some of the city's leading families.  The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Fenway–Kenmore
Fenway–Kenmore is an officially recognized neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. It is considered one neighborhood for administrative purposes, but it is composed of numerous distinct sections (East Fenway/Symphony, West Fenway, Audubon Circle, Kenmore Square) that are almost always referred to as "Fenway", "the Fenway", "Kenmore Square", or "Kenmore".

Fenway is named after the Fenway, the main thoroughfare laid out by Frederick Law Olmsted. Fenway–Kenmore's population was 40,898 as of the 2010 Boston Redevelopment Authority Census, while its land area was defined to be 1.24 square miles (3.2 km2).
New Hampshire Institute of Politics
The New Hampshire Institute of Politics (NHIOP) is an academic institute at Saint Anselm College in Goffstown, New Hampshire.  Founded in 2001, the institute has hosted hundreds of potential candidates for the U.S. presidency.

Goffstown, New Hampshire
Goffstown is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 18,577 at the 2020 census. The compact center of town, where 3,366 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as the Goffstown census-designated place and is located at the junctions of New Hampshire routes 114 and 13. Goffstown also includes the villages of Grasmere and Pinardville. The town is home to Saint Anselm College (and its New Hampshire Institute of Politics), the Goffstown Giant Pumpkin Regatta, and was the location of the New Hampshire State Prison for Women, prior to the prison's relocation to Concord in 2018.
Emilie Schindler
Emilie Schindler (German: [eˈmiːli̯ə ˈʃɪndlɐ] ⓘ; née Pelzl [ˈpɛltsl̩]; 22 October 1907 – 5 October 2001) was a Sudeten German-born woman who, with her husband Oskar Schindler, helped to save the lives of 1,200 Jews during World War II by employing them in his enamelware and munitions factories, providing them immunity from the Nazis. She was recognized as Righteous Among the Nations by Israel's Yad Vashem in 1994.

Thomas Keneally
Thomas Michael Keneally (born 7 October 1935) is an Australian novelist, playwright, essayist, and actor. He is best known for his historical fiction novel Schindler's Ark, the story of Oskar Schindler's rescue of Jews during the Holocaust, which won the Booker Prize in 1982. The book would later be adapted into Steven Spielberg's 1993 film Schindler's List, which won seven Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Newton Park (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Newton Park was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1966 to 1994. It covered the western suburbs of Port Elizabeth (now Gqeberha), centred on its namesake suburb of Newton Park. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

Cape Province
The Province of the Cape of Good Hope (Afrikaans: Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as "the Cape Province" (Afrikaans: Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as "The Cape" (Afrikaans: Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequently the Republic of South Africa. It encompassed the old Cape Colony, as well as Walvis Bay, and had Cape Town as its capital. In 1994, the Cape Province was divided into the new Eastern Cape, Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, along with part of the North West.
La Voz (Spanish TV series) season 8
The eighth season of La Voz premiered on 17 September 2021, on Antena 3. Alejandro Sanz is the only coach returning from the previous season. He was joined by former coaches Malú and Luis Fonsi, and first-time coach Pablo Alborán, replacing Laura Pausini, Pablo López and Antonio Orozco.

Inés Manzano was announced the winner of the eighth season, marking Pablo Alborán's first win as a coach.

La Voz (Spanish TV series) season 7
The seventh season of La Voz started airing on 11 September 2020 on Antena 3. Antonio Orozco and Pablo López returned for their fourth and third season as coaches, respectively. Laura Pausini and Alejandro Sanz, who lasted coached in season three and four, respectively, returned to replace Paulina Rubio and Luis Fonsi.

Isaiah Kelly was announced as the winner of this season, making Laura Pausini's first win. Also, for the first time in The Voice Spanish history, an artist who was chosen for the Comeback Stage went on to win the entire Spanish season
Kato Zachlorou
Kato Zachlorou (Greek: Κάτω Ζαχλωρού) is a village and a community in eastern Achaea, Greece. It is built on a mountain slope on the left bank of the river Vouraikos, which forms a narrow gorge. The community consists of the villages Kato Zachlorou and Ano Zachlorou, and the Mega Spilaio monastery. It is 11 km (7 miles) south of Diakopto, and 9 km (6 miles) northeast of Kalavryta. The narrow gauge Diakofto–Kalavryta Railway runs through the village.

Diakopto
Diakopto (Greek: Διακοπτό) is a coastal town in Achaea, West Greece, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reforms it is a municipal unit of the Aigialeia municipality. The municipal unit has an area of 103.932 km2. The town of Diakopto is situated on the Gulf of Corinth, near the mouth of the Vouraikos river and at the lower end of the Vouraikos Gorge.  The 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) gauge Diakofto–Kalavryta Railway built in 1885 leads up to the town of Kalavryta passing the Mega Spilaio Monastery at about halfway. Diakopto is on the old Greek National Road 8 (Athens - Corinth - Patras); the new  Greek National Road 8A (also Athens - Corinth - Patras) passes 1 km to the south. Diakopto is located about 40 km east of Patras, and 15 km southeast of Aigio.
MV Maid of Skelmorlie
MV Maid of Skelmorlie was a passenger ferry operated by Caledonian Steam Packet Company from 1953. Rendered redundant by the car ferry revolution, she was sold to Italian owners in 1973. After conversion to stern-loading, she operated, as Ala in the Bay of Naples for 20 years.

Caledonian Steam Packet Company
L

The Caledonian Steam Packet Company provided a scheduled shipping service, carrying freight and passengers, on the west coast of Scotland. Formed in 1889 to complement the services of the Caledonian Railway, the company expanded by taking over rival ferry companies. In 1973, they were merged with MacBraynes as Caledonian MacBrayne.
Outline of Edinburgh
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Edinburgh:

Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas. It is located in southeast Scotland and is bounded to the north by the Firth of Forth and to the south by the Pentland Hills. Edinburgh had a population of
506,520 in 2020, making it the second-most-populous city in Scotland and the seventh-most-populous in the United Kingdom. The wider metropolitan area had a population of 912,490 in the same year.

St Mary's Cathedral, Edinburgh (Catholic)
The Metropolitan Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption, also known as St Mary's Metropolitan Cathedral, is a Roman Catholic church in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh and is the mother church of the Archdiocese of St Andrews and Edinburgh. The cathedral church is located in the section of Broughton Street between York Place and Leith Street in the East End of the New Town in the city centre.
Carlo Scognamiglio
Carlo Scognamiglio Pasini (born 27 November 1944) is an Italian economist and politician. He is a university professor in applied economics, and was Chancellor of the LUISS University of Rome (1984–1992). He was President of the Italian Senate from 1994 to 1996 and Minister of Defence from 1998 to 2000.

Minister of Defence (Italy)
The minister of defence (Italian: ministro della difesa) is a senior member of the Italian Cabinet who leads the Ministry of Defence. The minister is responsible for military and civil defence matters and managing the Italian Armed Forces.

The first minister of war was Manfredo Fanti, a general of the Royal Italian Army, while the first minister of defence was Luigi Gasparotto, member of the Labour Democratic Party; the current office holder is Guido Crosetto, of the Brothers of Italy party, who has been acting as defence minister since 22 October 2022.
Tax deferral
Tax deferral refers to instances where a taxpayer can delay paying taxes to some future period. In theory, the net taxes paid should be the same. Taxes can sometimes be deferred indefinitely, or may be taxed at a lower rate in the future, particularly for deferral of income taxes.

Individual retirement account
An individual retirement account (IRA) in the United States is a type of retirement savings plan offered by many financial institutions that provides tax advantages for retirement savings. It is a trust that holds investment assets purchased with a taxpayer's earned income for the taxpayer's eventual benefit in old age. An individual retirement account is a type of individual retirement arrangement as described in IRS Publication 590, Individual Retirement Arrangements (IRAs). Other arrangements include individual retirement annuities and employer-established benefit trusts.
Takifugu snyderi
Takifugu snyderi, known as shōsai-fugu in Japanese, is a species of pufferfish in the family Tetraodontidae. It is a marine species native to Japan, the Yellow Sea, and the South China Sea. It is demersal and reaches 30 cm (11.8 inches) SL. While the ovaries, skin, liver, and intestines of the species are extremely toxic, the testes and flesh are thought to be less hazardous, and species of the genus Takifugu are frequently consumed as fugu.

Takifugu
Takifugu, also known by the Japanese name fugu (河豚, lit. "river pig"), is a genus of pufferfish with 25 species, most of which are native to salt and brackish waters of the northwest Pacific, but a few species are found in freshwater in Asia or more widely in the Indo-Pacific region. Their diet consists mostly of algae, molluscs, invertebrates and sometimes crustaceans.

The fish contains lethal amounts of the poison tetrodotoxin in the internal organs, especially the liver and the ovaries, but also in the skin and the testes. The poison paralyzes the muscles while the victim stays fully conscious, and eventually dies from asphyxiation. There is currently no antidote, and the standard medical approach is to try to support the respiratory and circulatory system until the effect of the poison wears off.
2006 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Women's 200 metre backstroke
The women's 200 metre backstroke competition at the 2006 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 19 at the Saanich Commonwealth Place.  The last champion was Margaret Hoelzer of US.

This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, all in backstroke.

2002 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Women's 200 metre backstroke
The women's 200 metre backstroke competition at the 2002 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 28–29 at the Yokohama International Swimming Pool.  The last champion was Tomoko Hagiwara of Japan.

This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, all in backstroke.
Dave Cockrum
David Emmett Cockrum (/ˈkɒkrəm/; November 11, 1943 – November 26, 2006) was an American comics artist known for his co-creation of the new X-Men characters Nightcrawler, Storm, Colossus, and Mystique, as well as the antiheroine Black Cat. Cockrum was a prolific and inventive costume designer who updated the uniforms of the Legion of Super-Heroes and the X-Men in the 1970s and early 1980s.

Marvel Preview
Marvel Preview is a black-and-white comics magazine published by Magazine Management for fourteen issues and the affiliated Marvel Comics Group for ten issues. The final issue additionally carried the imprint Marvel Magazines Group.
Jake A. Merrick
Jake A. Merrick (born 1981/1982) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Oklahoma who served in the Oklahoma Senate representing the 22nd district from 2021 to 2022. A member of the Republican party, he won the special election to finish the term of Stephanie Bice. He lost his re-election campaign to a primary challenge from  Kristen Thompson.

Edmond, Oklahoma
Edmond is a city in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, United States. It is a part of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area, in Central Oklahoma. Its population was 94,428 at the 2020 United States census, a 16% increase from 2010, making it the 5th most populous city in Oklahoma.

The city borders the northern boundary of Oklahoma City. Public transportation is provided by Citylink Edmond bus service.