hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Curtius rearrangement
The Curtius rearrangement (or Curtius reaction or Curtius degradation), first defined by Theodor Curtius in 1885, is the thermal decomposition of an acyl azide to an isocyanate with loss of nitrogen gas. The isocyanate then undergoes attack by a variety of nucleophiles such as water, alcohols and amines, to yield a primary amine, carbamate or urea derivative respectively. Several reviews have been published.

Nitrene
In chemistry, a nitrene or imene (R−:Ṅ·) is the nitrogen analogue of a carbene. The nitrogen atom is uncharged and monovalent, so it has only 6 electrons in its valence level—two covalent bonded and four non-bonded electrons. It is therefore considered an electrophile due to the unsatisfied octet. A nitrene is a reactive intermediate and is involved in many chemical reactions. The simplest nitrene, HN, is called imidogen, and that term is sometimes used as a synonym for the nitrene class.
House at 17 Cranston Street
The House at 17 Cranston Street in the Jamaica Plain neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, is an architecturally eclectic and distinctive 12-sided structure, with an unusual combination of Italianate and Gothic features.  It was built around 1874 by two Scottish immigrants, and is a distinctive landmark overlooking Hyde Square.  It was listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

Jamaica Plain
Jamaica Plain is a neighborhood of 4.4 square miles (11 km2) in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Settled by Puritans seeking farmland to the south, it was originally part of Roxbury. The community seceded from Roxbury during the formation of West Roxbury in 1851 and became part of Boston when West Roxbury was annexed in 1874. In the 19th century, Jamaica Plain became one of the first streetcar suburbs in America and home to a significant portion of Boston's Emerald Necklace of parks, designed by Frederick Law Olmsted.

In 2020, Jamaica Plain had a population of 41,012 according to the United States Census.
British Columbia Provincial Soccer Championship
The British Columbia Provincial Soccer Championship is a soccer tournament organized by the British Columbia Soccer Association. The "A" tournament winners advance to Canada Soccer's National Championships for the Challenge Trophy (men) Jubilee Trophy women. It has a history of 122 years and the men's 'A' championship competes for the 90-year-old Province Cup trophy. Teams qualify by final league standings or by winning their league cup. The number of berths and team seeding each league is awarded in each year's competition is determined annually by the Adult Competitions Committee. The cup competition brackets are created by a publicly accessible or open random draw out of a "hat". The format is a single elimination style tournament.

Jubilee Trophy
The Jubilee Trophy (French: Trophée Jubilee) is the trophy presented to Canada's women's amateur soccer champions as part of Canada Soccer's annual National Championships. The women's competition was inaugurated in 1982.

As part of the same National Championships, the Challenge Trophy is presented annually to the men's amateur soccer champions. The first men's amateur competition took place in 1913. Other amateur divisions in the National Championships are: Boys U-17 Cup; Girls U-17 Cup; Boys U-15 Cup; Girls U-15 Cup.

Eight clubs have won the National Championships women's competition two or more times. Edmonton Angels are the most successful club with nine Jubilee Trophy titles to their credit (1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1995, 1999, 2000).
Jacobaea paludosa
Jacobaea paludosa, syn. Senecio paludosus, the fen ragwort, is a species of the genus Jacobaea and the family Asteraceae that can be found in northern Italy, and everywhere in Europe (except for Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Norway, Portugal and Russia).

Jacobaea
Jacobaea is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Senecioneae and the family Asteraceae. Its members used to be placed in the genus Senecio, but have been separated into the segregate genus Jacobaea on the basis of molecular phylogenetics in order to maintain genera that are monophyletic.
Opal card rollout dates
The Opal card rolled out across New South Wales public transport services from 7 December 2012 until December 2014. Additionally, from December 2017, OpalPay was introduced and can be used as payment on selected third party services. This article contains all the dates of official Opal card and OpalPay rollouts.

Metrobus (Sydney)
Metrobus (stylised as metrobus) is a high frequency, high capacity bus network in Sydney, Australia, first introduced in 2008.  Metrobus services run every 10 minutes during peak periods, 15 minutes during off-peak weekday periods, and 20 minutes on weekends, linking key commercial suburbs and centres throughout the city, with the intention of making timetables obsolete. All buses were initially painted in a distinctive red livery but recently, the standard Transport for NSW livery of blue and white has been adopted. All Metrobus services are wheelchair accessible. All route numbers were prefixed with an "M" followed by a two-digit number.

As of September 2025, only two Metrobus routes (M90 and M91) remain in operation.
Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987
The Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987 (SI 1987/764) (the "UCO 1987") is a statutory instrument, applying in England and Wales, that specifies various "Use Classes" for which planning permission is not required for a building or other land to change from one use within that class to another use within that same class.  The UCO 1987 was made by the Secretary of State under authority granted by sections 22 and 287 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1971, which have subsequently been replaced by sections 55 and 333 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990.

These regulations were amended by the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) (Amendment) (England) Regulations 2020 (SI 2020/757), which took effect on 1 September 2020.

Statutory instrument (UK)
A statutory instrument (SI) is the principal form in which delegated legislation is made in the United Kingdom.

Statutory instruments are governed by the Statutory Instruments Act 1946. They replaced statutory rules and orders, made under the Rules Publication Act 1893, in 1948.

Most delegated legislation in Great Britain is made in the form of a statutory instrument (in Northern Ireland, delegated legislation is organised into statutory rules, rather than statutory instruments.) The advent of devolution in 1999 resulted in many powers to make statutory instruments being transferred to the Scottish and Welsh governments, and oversight to the Scottish Parliament and Senedd. Instruments made by the Scottish Government are now classed separately as Scottish statutory instruments. Instruments made by the Welsh Government are now classed separately as Welsh statutory instruments.
R688 road (Ireland)
The R688 road is a regional road in County Tipperary, Ireland. The route runs from Cashel to Clonmel via Rosegreen, passing over junction 8 of the M8 motorway. The route is approximately 25 km (16 mi) long.

M8 motorway (Ireland)
The M8 motorway (Irish: Mótarbhealach M8) is an inter-urban motorway in Ireland, which forms part of the motorway from the capital Dublin to Cork city. The 149 km (93 mi) motorway commences in the townland of Aghaboe, County Laois and runs through the counties of Kilkenny, Tipperary and Limerick, terminating at the Dunkettle interchange in Cork City.
First called for in the Road Needs Study (1998), it was later incorporated into the National Development Plan (2000–2006) and later still formed part of the Irish Government's Transport 21 plan for infrastructural development. The majority of the M8, 115 km (71 mi), was built between 2006 and 2010. On 28 May 2010, the motorway was completed and had replaced almost all of the single-carriageway N8 except for a short section of urban road in Cork City.
2015 Marburg Open
The 2015 Marburg Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Marburg, Germany between 29 June and 5 July 2015.

Marburg Open
The Marburg Open is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was held annually in Marburg, Germany. It was part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour from 2010 until 2018, and subsequently is held as a Futures event.
Bull, Cow and Calf
Bull, Cow and Calf are a cluster of islands on the south coast of the Avalon Peninsula of the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. These islands are at approximately the same latitude, and constitute the most southern islands of the province. Conversely, the most northerly island is North Star Island.

These three islands are a cluster of number of islands and rocky crags that lie 3.1 km southwest of Point Lance. The largest of these, Cow, measures 145 m by 85 m.

North Star Island
North Star Island is an island at the northern tip of Labrador in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. This island, measuring only 186 meters by 57 meters, is the most northerly island in the province. It lies approximately 1.5 kilometers off the coast of Killiniq Island south of Cape Chidley.
Watt/I-80 West station
Watt/I-80 West station is an at-grade light rail station on the Blue Line of the SacRT light rail system operated by the Sacramento Regional Transit District. The station is located in the median of Interstate 80 west of its intersection of Watt Avenue, after which the station is named, in the community of North Highlands, California, United States.

The station along with a 248 space park and ride lot, reused a partially built, but later abandoned freeway project.

SacRT light rail
The SacRT light rail system serves the Sacramento, California area. It is operated by the Sacramento Regional Transit District (SacRT) and has 42.9 miles (69.0 km) of network comprising three main lines on standard gauge tracks, 53 stations, and a fleet of 121 vehicles. With an average of 22,100 weekday daily boardings as of the fourth quarter of 2025, the SacRT light rail system is the fifteenth busiest in the United States.
Wynton Rufer
Wynton Alan Whai Rufer CNZM (born 29 December 1962) is a New Zealand retired professional footballer who played as a striker. He spent more than a decade of his professional career in Switzerland and Germany, achieving his greatest success at Werder Bremen, where he won a total of four major titles and finished the top scorer in the 1993–94 UEFA Champions League. He was also a member of the New Zealand national team in its first FIFA World Cup appearance in 1982. He was named the Oceania Footballer of the Century by the Oceania Football Confederation.

Swiss Cup
The Swiss Cup (German: Schweizer Cup; French: Coupe de Suisse; Italian: Coppa Svizzera; Romansh: Cuppa Svizra)  is a football cup competition that has been organised annually since 1925–26 season by the Swiss Football Association.

The Swiss Cup final is usually the most important game of the year with a high attendance. The competition is also shaped by games in the first rounds when villages celebrate the tie of their club with a professional team leading to infrastructure improvements and often thousands of spectators at the local football pitch. Since 1999 the cup winners earns the chance to qualify for the UEFA Europa League or the UEFA Conference League in accordance with the rankings of Switzerland in the UEFA coefficient.
Massilia albidiflava
Massilia albidiflava is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, oxidase and catalase positive, non-spore-forming motile bacterium from the genus Massilia and the family Oxalobacteraceae which was isolated with Massilia dura, Massilia plicata, and Massilia lutea from soil samples in southeast China.

Massilia (bacterium)
The genus Massilia is an outdated genus name of bacteria within the family Oxalobacteriaceae. All Massilia species were reclassified in 2023 into one of the following genera: Duganella, Pseudoduganella, Janthinobacterium, Telluria, Rugamonas, Mokoshia, or Zemynaea.

They may contain either peritrichous or polar flagella. This genus was first described in 1998, after the type species, Massilia timonae, was isolated from the blood of an immunocompromised patient. The genus was named after the old Greek and Roman name for the city of Marseille, France, where the organism was first isolated. However, 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic trees in 2023 determined that many Massilia species actually belong within the Telluria genus, which was validly published first, having nomenclatural priority.

Massilia are a diverse group that reside in many different environments, have many heterotrophic means of gathering energy, and are commonly found in association with plants.
Peadar Tóibín
Peadar Tóibín (Irish: [ˈpʲad̪ˠəɾˠ t̪ˠoːˈbʲiːnʲ]; born 19 June 1974) is an Irish politician who has served as leader of Aontú since January 2019. He has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Meath West constituency since 2011. He previously served as Chair of the Committee on Arts, Heritage, Regional, Rural and Gaeltacht Affairs from 2016 to 2018. He founded Aontú in January 2019.

He was elected as a Sinn Féin candidate in 2011, but resigned from the party on 15 November 2018, primarily due to his opposition to the party's stance on abortion.

32nd Dáil
The 32nd Dáil was elected at the 2016 general election on 26 February and first met at 10.30 a.m. on 10 March 2016. The members of Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas (legislature) of Ireland, are known as TDs. It sat with the 25th Seanad as the two Houses of the Oireachtas.

The 32nd Dáil was dissolved by President Michael D. Higgins on 14 January 2020, at the request of the Taoiseach Leo Varadkar. The 32nd Dáil lasted 3 years, 310 days.
Lothians (Scottish Parliament electoral region)
The Lothians was one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood) from 1999 to 2011. Nine of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies were sub-divisions of the region and it elected seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elected a total of 16 MSPs.

The Lothians region shared boundaries with the South of Scotland and Central Scotland regions, and was connected with the Mid Scotland and Fife region by bridges over the Firth of Forth.

As a result of the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries it is largely replaced by the Lothian region.

Central Scotland (Scottish Parliament electoral region)
Central Scotland (Meadhan-Alba in Gaelic) is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament which were created in 1999. Nine of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies are sub-divisions of the region and it elects seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elects a total of 16 MSPs.

As a result of the Second Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries the region will be replaced by Central Scotland and Lothians West for the 2026 Scottish Parliament election.
Szczęsne, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Szczęsne [ˈʂt͡ʂɛ̃snɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Purda, within Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) west of Purda and 8 km (5 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. It is located within the historic region of Warmia.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, from 1772 of Prussia, after 1871 of Germany (East Prussia), and after 1945 of Poland.

Four historic wayside shrines, typical for Warmia, are located within the village.

Purda, Poland
Purda [ˈpurda] is a village in Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Purda. It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. It is located within the historic region of Warmia.

The historic sights of Purda include the Gothic Saint Michael Archangel church, a typical Warmian old wayside shrine and a Catholic cemetery.

The village was founded in 1384. Polish poet and bishop Ignacy Krasicki visited Purda in 1779.
Susan Zolla-Pazner
Susan Zolla-Pazner is an American research scientist who is a Professor of Medicine in the Division of Infectious Diseases and the Department of Microbiology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and a guest investigator in the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology at The Rockefeller University, both in New York City. Zolla-Pazner's work has focused on how the immune system responds to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and, in particular, how antibodies against the viral envelope develop in the course of infection.

In 1981, Zolla-Pazner and other researchers initially described the immunologic abnormalities afflicting homosexual men in New York City who were dying from an unknown sickness. In the years since, she has examined the body's immune response to the virus. She is the co-inventor on 23 patents and the author of more than 325 scientific publications.

United States Military HIV Research Program
The United States Military HIV Research Program (USMHRP or MHRP) was initiated by the United States Congress in 1986, in reaction to the threat of lost effectiveness of U.S./Allied troops due to HIV infection. The mission of MHRP is to develop an HIV-1 vaccine, provide prevention, care, and treatment, and conduct meaningful HIV/AIDS research for the global community through the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). It is centered at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), and has established five international research sites in Africa and Asia (Tanzania, Kenya, Nigeria, Uganda, and Thailand). MHRP also partners with the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS) in Thailand. MHRP works closely with The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (HJF), most notably in the development of the RV144 HIV vaccine in Thailand. MHRP is the largest research program supported by the HJF.
InSpectres
InSpectres is a humorous paranormal investigation-themed role-playing game created by Jared Sorensen and independently published in 2002 by Memento Mori Theatricks. The game's story line follows the player's work in a supernatural investigation and elimination company.

Indie role-playing game
An indie role-playing game is a role-playing game published by individuals or small press publishers, in contrast to games published by large corporations. Indie tabletop role-playing game designers participate in various game distribution networks, development communities, and gaming conventions, both in person and online. Indie game designer committees grant annual awards for excellence.

In the early 2000s, indie role-playing discussion forums such as The Forge developed innovative design patterns and theories. In 2010, the game Apocalypse World established the popular design framework Powered by the Apocalypse, inspiring hundreds of similar games. Starting in the early 2010s, indie game publishing provided new opportunities for LGBTQ writers to share underrepresented stories.

Common examples of indie role-playing games include Apocalypse World and the Powered by the Apocalypse framework, The Quiet Year, Fiasco, Fall of Magic, Blades in the Dark, and Dialect.
Total Performance
Total Performance was a global promotional advertising campaign conducted by the Ford Motor Company during the 1960s.  It aimed to succeed in a variety of motorsport venues, and then emphasize performance in their mainstream vehicles with the interest generated.

Ford Galaxie
The Ford Galaxie is a full-size automobile that was sold by the Ford Motor Company in North America from the 1959 to 1974 model years. Deriving its nameplate from a marketing tie-in with the excitement surrounding the Space Race, the Galaxie was offered as a sedan within the full-size Ford range throughout its production run. In the full-size segment, the model line competed against the Chevrolet Impala and Plymouth Fury.

The model line was assembled by Ford in multiple sites across the United States; four generations of the model line were produced. The Galaxie was also produced locally by Ford Australia and Ford Brasil, adopting commonality from the third-generation 1965 design.
Southern Comfort
Southern Comfort (often abbreviated SoCo) is an American naturally fruit-flavored whiskey liqueur with fruit and spice accents. The brand was created by bartender Martin Wilkes Heron in New Orleans in 1874, using whiskey as the base spirit. Whiskey was replaced by a neutral spirit under the ownership of Brown–Forman. On March 1, 2016, the Sazerac Company purchased it, and reintroduced whiskey as its base spirit.

Whisky
Whisky or whiskey is a type of liquor made from fermented grain mash. Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn, rye, and wheat. Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, commonly of charred white oak. Uncharred white oak casks previously used for the aging of port, rum, or sherry may be employed during storage to impart a unique flavour and colour.

Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types. The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.
The Men Who Built America: Frontiersmen
The Men Who Built America: Frontiersmen is a six-hour, four-part miniseries docudrama which premiered on March 7, 2018 on the History Channel. It is a complement to the 2012 docudrama The Men Who Built America. The series follows the lives of Daniel Boone, Lewis and Clark, Davy Crockett, Andrew Jackson, and others who blazed new trails across America's wilderness. The series is narrated by Campbell Scott, directed by John Ealer and executive produced by Leonardo DiCaprio.

It is the third installment of the That Built franchise.

The Men Who Built America
The Men Who Built America (also known as The Innovators: The Men Who Built America in some international markets) is an eight-hour, four-part miniseries docudrama by the History Channel. It is the first installment of the That Built franchise.
Khvalynsk culture
52°44′29″N 49°33′05″E﻿ / ﻿52.741254°N 49.551376°E﻿ / 52.741254; 49.551376

The Khvalynsk culture is a Middle Copper Age Eneolithic culture (c. 4900 – 3500 BCE) of the middle Volga region. It takes its name from Khvalynsk in Saratov Oblast. It was preceded by the Early Eneolithic Samara culture.

David W. Anthony
David W. Anthony is an American anthropologist who is Professor Emeritus of Anthropology at Hartwick College. He specializes in Indo-European migrations, and is a proponent of the Kurgan hypothesis. Anthony is well known for his award-winning book The Horse, the Wheel, and Language (2007).
Lăpușata
Lăpușata is a commune located in Vâlcea County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Berești, Broșteni, Mijați, Sărulești (the commune centre), Scorușu, Șerbănești, and Zărnești.

The commune is situated in the Wallachian Plain, at an altitude of 291 m (955 ft), on the banks of the river Cerna. It is located in the central part of the county, about 50 km (31 mi) southwest of the county seat, Râmnicu Vâlcea. It borders the following communes: Copăceni to the north, Lădești to the south, Roșiile to the west, and Roești to the east.

Râmnicu Vâlcea
Râmnicu Vâlcea (formerly Râmnic, Romanian pronunciation: [ˈrɨmniku ˈvɨlt͡ʃe̯a]) is a city in Romania. Located in the south-central part of the country, in the historical province of Oltenia, it is the seat of Vâlcea County and its main urban settlement. According to the 2021 Romanian census, it has a population of 93,151.