hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tom Dunn (golf course architect)
Thomas Dunn (29 December 1849 – May 1902) was a golfer, golf club maker and prolific architect of many golf courses in the early 20th century. Less celebrated than his contemporary, Old Tom Morris, Dunn created many functional layouts and helped lead the development of courses away from the coast into inland heathland locations, notably many around London. In total, Dunn had four top-10 finishes in the Open Championship.

Old Tom Morris
Thomas Mitchell Morris (16 June 1821 – 24 May 1908), otherwise known as Old Tom Morris, and The Grand Old Man of Golf, was a Scottish golfer. He was born in St Andrews, Fife, the "home of golf" and location of the St Andrews Links, and died there as well. Young Tom Morris (died 1875), also a golfer, was his son.
1991 BDO World Darts Championship
The 1991 BDO World Darts Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the 1991 Embassy World Darts Championship) was held at the Lakeside Country Club in Frimley Green, Surrey from 4 to 12 January 1991. Phil Taylor was the defending champion, having won the title for the first time at the previous year's tournament, but he lost 4–3 in the quarter-finals to Dennis Priestley. Priestly defeated Eric Bristow 6–0 in the final to win his first world title. It was Bristow's tenth and last appearance in a world final and the only one in which he failed to win a single set.

Lakeside Leisure Complex
The Lakeside Leisure Complex is a hotel, conferencing, entertainment and associated leisure complex in Frimley Green in west Surrey, England. It hosted the open/men's and women's BDO World Darts Championship every January from 1986 to 2019.
This Is Reggae Music: The Golden Era 1960–1975
This Is Reggae Music: The Golden Era 1960–1975 is a reggae retrospective anthology issued as a 4-CD box set in 2004 by Trojan Records. The anthology, which was compiled by Colin Escott and Bas Hartong, is arranged in chronological order and features tracks by various artists, starting with mento and ska from the first half of the 1960s, then progressing to the slower rhythms of rocksteady and reggae, which both emerged later in the decade, continuing into the 1970s. Several of the acts featured are Derrick Morgan, Desmond Dekker & the Aces,  Toots & the Maytals, Jimmy Cliff, and Bob Marley and the Wailers.

Greyhound (band)
Greyhound were a British reggae band.

Greyhound began as the Rudies in the late 1960s, with core members Danny Smith and Freddie Notes. They also released material as the Tillermen and Des All Stars. Under the name the Rudies, they issued covers of "Patches" by Clarence Carter and "Montego Bay" by Bobby Bloom. Billed as Freddie Notes and the Rudies, "Montego Bay" peaked at number 45 on the UK Singles Chart in October 1970.  After Notes's departure, Glenroy Oakley joined the band and they changed their name to Greyhound in 1970. Their first single was an Earl Robinson/David I. Arkin composition, "Black & White", which was a top ten hit on the UK Singles Chart. The song was also recorded by artists as diverse as the Maytones, Sammy Davis Jr and Three Dog Night. Two more singles, including a cover of Henry Mancini's "Moon River" followed, before the group's fame faded.
Half-period ratio
In mathematics, the half-period ratio τ of an elliptic function is the ratio

of the two half-periods  and  of the elliptic function, where the elliptic function is defined in such a way that

is in the upper half-plane.

Quite often in the literature, ω1 and ω2 are defined to be the periods of an elliptic function rather than its half-periods. Regardless of the choice of notation, the ratio ω2/ω1 of periods is identical to the ratio (ω2/2)/(ω1/2) of half-periods. Hence, the period ratio is the same as the "half-period ratio".

Note that the half-period ratio can be thought of as a simple number, namely, one of the parameters to elliptic functions, or it can be thought of as a function itself, because the half periods can be given in terms of the elliptic modulus or in terms of the nome.
See the pages on quarter period and elliptic integrals for additional definitions and relations on the arguments and parameters to elliptic functions.

Upper half-plane
In mathematics, the upper half-plane, ⁠⁠ is the set of points ⁠⁠ in the Cartesian plane with ⁠⁠ The lower half-plane is the set of points ⁠⁠ with ⁠⁠ instead. Arbitrarily oriented half-planes can be obtained via a planar rotation. Half-planes are an example of two-dimensional half-space. A half-plane can be split in two quadrants.
Switchboard of Miami
Switchboard of Miami, Inc., commonly referred to as Switchboard, was a private, nonprofit and registered 501(c)(3) organization located in Miami, Florida, United States that provided Miami-Dade County with comprehensive telephone counseling and referral services to thousands of social service programs beginning in 1968. The organization also offered counseling services and prevention programs, such as initiatives aimed at assisting high-risk youth and their families through partnerships with local schools. Since 1968, these services have been offered to the community at no charge. Callers can seek advice confidentially, as no information is needed by the company in order to receive the services. Switchboard shut down in 2016 following a "major financial emergency".

211 (telephone number)
211 is an abbreviated dialing code that is reserved in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) as an easily recognizable code (ERC) and excluded from use as an area code. It is intended to reach local information and referral services to health, human, and social service organizations.

Like the emergency telephone number 911, 211 is one of the eight N11 prefixes of the North American Numbering Plan.
Piers Wardle
Christopher Piers Arthur Wardle (20 April 1960 – 22 December 2009) was a British artist, musician and art factotum. Born in Beckenham, he lived in Southwark, London, UK and died in Clyst Hydon, Devon, UK.

Courtauld Institute of Art
The Courtauld Institute of Art (/ˈkɔːrtəʊld/) is a self-governing college of the University of London specialising in the study of the history of art and conservation.

The art collection is known particularly for its French Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings, and is housed in the Courtauld Gallery. The Courtauld is based in Somerset House, in the Strand in London. In 2019, the Courtauld's teaching and research activities temporarily relocated to Vernon Square, London, while its Somerset House site underwent a major regeneration project.
Loretta Sanchez
Loretta Lorna Sanchez (born January 7, 1960) is an American politician who served in the United States House of Representatives from 1997 to 2017, representing parts of central Orange County, California. A member of the Democratic Party, she was first elected in 1996, when she defeated long-serving Republican U.S. Representative Bob Dornan by fewer than 1,000 votes. During her time in the House of Representatives, Sanchez was a member of the Blue Dog Coalition of moderate-to-conservative Democrats.

Sanchez chose not to run for re-election to the House in 2016, instead opting to run in the state's U.S. Senate race. She was defeated in the general election by fellow Democrat, California Attorney General and future U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris, 61.6% to 38.4%.

She is the sister of Linda Sánchez, who currently represents California's 38th congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives.

United States House Committee on Homeland Security
The U.S. House Committee on Homeland Security is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives. Its responsibilities include U.S. security legislation and oversight of the Department of Homeland Security.
Büsching (crater)
Büsching is a lunar impact crater that is located in the crater-covered southern highlands of the Moon. It was named after German geographer Anton F. Büsching. The similar-sized crater Buch is located adjacent to its southwestern rim, and further to the southwest lies Maurolycus.

This crater has been eroded by a long history of subsequent impacts, so that the rim has been worn down and the edge rounded. Several small craterlets lie along the edge of the rim, and there is a tiny crater on the interior floor near the east-southeastern rim. The interior floor is somewhat irregular and lacks a central peak at the midpoint.

Maurolycus (crater)
Maurolycus is one of the more prominent lunar impact craters in the southern highland region of the Moon that is covered in overlapping crater impacts. It was named after 16th century Italian mathematician Francesco Maurolico. It is joined at the southeast rim by the smaller crater Barocius. Due west lie the overlapping pair of Stöfler and Faraday. To the northeast is the faint crater Buch, and further to the north lies Gemma Frisius.

The outer walls of Maurolycus are tall, wide, and terraced, most notably in the eastern part. To the southeast the rim is lower and the crater is joined to what has the appearance of an overlain crater rim. The crater Maurolycus F lies across the northwest rim, and that part of the crater floor is more rugged than the remainder. The other sections of the floor are relatively level, with a complex of central peaks and a pair of craterlets. The small crater Maurolycus A is biting into the southern part of the rim.
ST staple
The ST staple is a common four- or five-amino acid residue motif in proteins and polypeptides with serine or threonine as the C-terminal residue. It is characterized by a single hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group of the serine or threonine (at residue i + 3 or i + 4) and the main chain carbonyl group of residue i. Motifs are of two types, depending whether the motif has 4 or 5 residues. Most ST staples occur in conjunction with an alpha helix, and are usually associated with a slight bend in the helix. Two websites are available for finding and examining ST staples in proteins:  Motivated Proteins and PDBeMotif.

Serine
Serine
/ˈsɪəriːn/
(symbol Ser or S) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+3 form under biological conditions), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form under biological conditions), and a side chain consisting of a hydroxymethyl group, classifying it as a polar amino acid. It can be synthesized in the human body under normal physiological circumstances, making it a nonessential amino acid. It is encoded by the codons UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU and AGC.
Wilkatana Station
32°11′50″S 137°52′28″E﻿ / ﻿32.197336°S 137.874510°E﻿ / -32.197336; 137.874510

Wilkatana Station is a sheep and cattle station in the Australian state of South Australia located north of the regional city of Port Augusta and south of Lake Torrens.  It covers an area of 458 square kilometres (177 sq mi) which is located  within the gazetted localities of Wilkatana Station in the west and Yarrah in the east.

The station consists of an arid plain between the Flinders Ranges and Lake Torrens, and exhibits some salt flats.

The traditional owners of the area are the Barngarla people.

In April 2013, the land occupying the appropriate western half of the Wilkatana Station was gazetted by the Government of South Australia as a locality under the name Wilkatana Station.

Port Augusta
Port Augusta (Goordnada in the revived indigenous Barngarla language) is a coastal city in South Australia about 310 kilometres (190 mi) by road from the state capital, Adelaide. Most of the city is on the eastern shores of Spencer Gulf, immediately south of the gulf's head, comprising the city's centre and surrounding suburbs, Stirling North, and seaside homes at Commissariat Point, Blanche Harbor and Miranda. The suburb of Port Augusta West is on the western side of the gulf on the Eyre Peninsula. Together, these localities had a population of 13,515 in the 2021 census.

Formerly a seaport, the city supports regional agriculture and services many mines in the South Australian interior to its north. A significant industry was electricity generation until 2019, when its coal-burning power stations were shut down. A solar farm opened in 2020.
Christian Gueintz
Christian Gueintz (13 October 1592 – 3 April 1650) was a teacher and writer-grammarian. He was qualified and taught in several mainstream subjects of the time, notably philosophy, theology, and law.

He lived during the first half of the seventeenth century, a period characterised by Baroque architecture and, in northern Germany, repeatedly disrupted by destructive war, which at various points had a dislocating impact on his career, and through which he demonstrated impressive qualities of persistence.

Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen
Louis I of Anhalt-Köthen (German: Ludwig I., Fürst von Anhalt-Köthen; 17 June 1579 in Dessau – 7 January 1650 in Köthen), was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the unified principality of Anhalt. From 1603, he was ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Köthen. He was also a founder of the first German Society (the Fruitbearing Society).

Louis was the seventh son of Joachim Ernest, Prince of Anhalt, but fifth-born son of his second wife Eleonore, daughter of Christoph, Duke of Württemberg.
Nigerian Army Day
The Nigerian Army Day is a holiday and annual event typically held on 6 July in honor of members of the Nigerian Army, especially those that took part in the World War I and World War II as well as those that lost their lives during the Nigerian Civil War and the current serving members of the Nigerian Army.

Nigerian Army
The Nigerian Army (NA) is the land force of the Nigerian Armed Forces. It is the largest component of the Nigerian Armed Forces. The President of Nigeria is the Commander-in-Chief of the Nigerian Army, and its professional head is the Chief of Army Staff, who is the highest ranking military officer of the Nigerian Army.  It is governed by the Nigerian Army Council (NAC). The Nigerian Army is operationally and geographically divided into ten divisions, the basic field formation. The army has been involved in operations throughout the country, most especially during the Nigerian Civil War, and has undertaken major operations abroad. Nigerian Army officers have served as chiefs of defence in other countries, with Brigadier General Maxwell Khobe serving as Sierra Leone chief of staff in 1998–1999, and Nigerian officers acting as Command Officer-in-Charge of the Armed Forces of Liberia from at least 2007.
Atiyah–Jones conjecture
In mathematics, the Atiyah–Jones conjecture is a conjecture about the homology of the moduli spaces of instantons. The original form of the conjecture considered instantons over a 4-dimensional sphere. It was introduced by Michael Francis Atiyah and John D. S. Jones (1978) and proved by Charles P. Boyer, Jacques C. Hurtubise, and Benjamin M. Mann et al. (1992, 1993). The more general version of the Atiyah–Jones conjecture is a question about the homology of the moduli spaces of instantons on any 4-dimensional real manifold, or on a complex surface. The Atiyah–Jones conjecture has been proved for ruled surfaces by R. J. Milgram and J. Hurtubise, and for rational surfaces by Elizabeth Gasparim. The conjecture remains unproved for other types of 4 manifolds.

Moduli space
In mathematics, in particular algebraic geometry, a moduli space  is a geometric space (usually a scheme or an algebraic stack) whose points represent algebro-geometric objects of some fixed kind, or isomorphism classes of such objects.  Such spaces frequently arise as solutions to classification problems:  If one can show that a collection of interesting objects (e.g., the smooth algebraic curves of a fixed genus) can be given the structure of a geometric space, then one can parametrize such objects by introducing coordinates on the resulting space.  In this context, the term "modulus" is used synonymously with "parameter"; moduli spaces were first understood as spaces of parameters rather than as spaces of objects. A variant of moduli spaces is formal moduli. Bernhard Riemann first used the term "moduli" in 1857.
Virginia school of political economy
The Virginia School of political economy is a school of economic thought originating at the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy of the University of Virginia in the 1950s and 1960s. Some of its proponents established the Center for Study of Public Choice at Virginia Tech in 1969, moving it to George Mason University in 1983. The school focuses primarily on public choice theory, constitutional economics, and law and economics.

Law and economics
Law and economics, or economic analysis of law, is the application of microeconomic theory to the analysis of law. The field emerged in the United States during the early 1960s, primarily from the work of scholars from the Chicago school of economics such as Aaron Director, George Stigler, and Ronald Coase. The field uses economics concepts to explain the effects of laws, assess which legal rules are economically efficient, and predict which legal rules will be promulgated. There are two major branches of law and economics. One is based on the application of the methods and theories of neoclassical economics to the positive and normative analysis of the law. The second branch focuses on an institutional analysis of law and legal institutions, with a broader focus on economic, political, and social outcomes, and overlapping with analyses of the institutions of politics and governance.
Fencing at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's singlestick
The men's singlestick was an event held as part of the fencing programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics. It was the only time the event was held at the Olympics. Three fencers competed. The competition was held on Thursday, September 8, 1904. Van Zo Post was credited as Cuban in the IOC's database despite the fact that he was an American, this was corrected in 2021.

Fencing at the 1904 Summer Olympics
At the 1904 Summer Olympics, five fencing events were contested. The third edition of the Olympic fencing program included a team event (in men's foil) for the first time, as well as the only Olympic singlestick competition. Events for fencing professionals were eliminated. The competitions were held on September 7, 1904 and September 8, 1904.
Port of Oakland
The Port of Oakland is the port authority for the city of Oakland, California, United States. Its primary responsibilities are the operation of the Oakland Seaport and Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport. It also operates a commercial real estate business as the owner of Jack London Square, Airport Business Park, and more than 875 acres (354 ha) of waterfront property. It operates a municipal electric utility that serves port-owned properties.

As an independent city department, the port authority is led by seven port commissioners who are nominated by the mayor of Oakland and appointed by the Oakland City Council. It is self-funded, with an annual operating revenue of $409 million as of 2023.

Oakland City Council
The Oakland City Council is an elected governing body representing the City of Oakland, California.

Since 1998, Oakland has had a mayor-council government. The mayor is elected for a four-year term. The Oakland City Council has eight council members representing seven districts in Oakland with one member elected at-large; council members serve staggered four-year terms, and are all elected using instant-runoff voting. The mayor appoints a city administrator, subject to the confirmation by the city council, who is the chief administrative officer of the city. Other city officers include: city attorney (elected), city auditor (elected), and city clerk (appointed by city administrator).  Oakland's mayor is subject to a tenure limited to two terms.  There are no term limits for the city council.
Enamine
An enamine is a functional group with the formula R2N−C(R′)=CR″2. Enamines are reagents used in organic synthesis and are intermediates in some enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

The word "enamine" is derived from the affix en-, used as the suffix of alkene, and the root amine. This can be compared with enol, which is a functional group containing both alkene (en-) and alcohol (-ol). Enamines are nitrogen analogs of enols.

Enamines are both good nucleophiles and good bases.  Their behavior as carbon-based nucleophiles is explained with reference to the following resonance structures.

Resonance structures for an enamine

Alcohol (chemistry)
In chemistry, an alcohol (from Arabic  al-kuḥl 'the kohl') is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl (−OH) functional group bound to a saturated carbon atom. Alcohols range from the simple, like methanol and ethanol, to complex, like sugar alcohols and cholesterol. The presence of an OH group strongly modifies the properties of hydrocarbons, conferring hydrophilic (water-attracted) properties.  The OH group provides a site at which many reactions can occur.
Abbreviated dialing
Abbreviated dialing is the use of a very short digit sequence to reach specific telephone numbers, such as those of public services. The purpose of such numbers is to be universal, short, and easy to remember. Typically they are two or three digits.

Carriers refer to the shortened number sequences as abbreviated dialing codes (ADCs). Unlike SMS short codes, they are generally not automatically synchronized across carriers.  ADCs are provisioned separately for mobile networks versus landline networks.

Emergency telephone number
An emergency telephone number is a number that allows a caller to contact local emergency services for assistance. The emergency number differs from country to country; it is typically a three-digit number so that it can be easily remembered and dialed quickly. Some countries have a different emergency number for each of the different emergency services; these often differ only by the last digit.

First introduced in the London area on 30 June 1937, the UK's 999 number is the world's oldest emergency call telephone service.

In many countries, dialing either 112 (used in Europe and parts of Asia, Africa and South America) or 911 (used mostly in the Americas) will connect callers to emergency services. For individual countries, see the list of emergency telephone numbers.
Rohrbach Ro V Rocco
The Rohrbach Ro V Rocco was a twin-engined seaplane that was designed and manufactured by the German aircraft manufacturer Rohrbach Metall-Flugzeugbau.

The Rocco was designed during the mid 1920s and only a single seaplane was produced, performing its maiden flight in 1927. It was delivered to Severa GmbH, where the Rocco undertook comparison flights against the Dornier Do J "Superwal" and as a seaplane trainer. During 1928, the Rocco was used on commercial flights by the German flag carrier Deutsche Luft Hansa, specifically the Travemünde to Oslo route.

V12 engine
A V12 engine is a twelve-cylinder piston engine where two banks of six cylinders are arranged in a V configuration around a common crankshaft. V12 engines are more common than V10 engines. However, they are less common than V8 engines.

The first V12 engine was built in 1904 for use in racing boats. Due to the balanced nature of the engine and the smooth delivery of power, V12 engines were found in early luxury automobiles, boats, aircraft, and tanks. Aircraft V12 engines reached their apogee during World War II, after which they were mostly replaced by jet engines. In Formula One racing, V12 engines were common during the late 1960s and early 1990s.

Applications of V12 engines in the 21st century have been as marine engines, in railway locomotives, as large stationary power as well as in some European sports and luxury cars.