hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Agriculture in Spain
Agriculture in Spain is important to the national economy. The primary sector activities accounting for agriculture, husbandry, fishing and silviculture represented a 2.7% of the Spanish GDP in 2017, with an additional 2.5% represented by the agrofood industry.

Province of Almería
Almería (/ˌælməˈriːə/, also US: /ˌɑːl-/; Spanish: [almeˈɾi.a]) is a province of the autonomous community of Andalusia in Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Granada, Murcia, and the Mediterranean Sea. Its capital is the homonymous city of Almería.

The province has an area of 8,773.06 km2 (3,387.30 sq mi), and a population of 760,964 across its 103 municipalities.
DUAL (cognitive architecture)
DUAL is a general cognitive architecture integrating the connectionist and symbolic approaches at the micro level. DUAL is based on decentralized representation and emergent computation. It was inspired by the Society of Mind idea proposed by Marvin Minsky, but departs from the initial proposal in many ways. Computations in DUAL emerge from the interaction of many micro-agents, each of which is a hybrid symbolic/connectionist device. The agents exchange messages and activation via links that can be learned and modified, they form coalitions which collectively represent concepts, episodes, and facts.

Several models have been developed on the basis of DUAL. These include: AMBR (a model of analogy-making and memory), JUDGEMAP (a model of judgment), PEAN (a model of perception), etc.

DUAL is developed by a team at the New Bulgarian University led by Boicho Kokinov. The second version was co-authored by Alexander Petrov. The third version is co-authored by Georgi Petkov and Ivan Vankov.

Emergence
In philosophy, systems theory, science, and art, emergence occurs when a complex entity has properties or behaviors that its parts do not have on their own, and emerge only when they interact in a wider whole.

Emergence plays a central role in theories of integrative levels and of complex systems. For instance, the phenomenon of life as studied in biology is an emergent property of chemistry and physics.

In philosophy, theories that emphasize emergent properties have been called emergentism.
Love Rocks NYC
Love Rocks NYC is an annual benefit concert, first held in 2017, that benefits non-profit God's Love We Deliver. The concert is held at the Beacon Theatre in New York City and was founded by menswear designer John Varvatos, Nicole Rechter and Greg Williamson.

Benefit concert
A benefit concert or charity concert is a type of musical benefit performance (e.g., concert, show, or gala) featuring musicians, comedians, or other performers that is held for a charitable purpose, often directed at a specific and immediate humanitarian crisis.

Benefit concerts can have both subjective and concrete objectives. Subjective objectives include raising awareness about an issue such as misery in Africa (such as Live 8) and uplifting a nation after a disaster (such as America: A Tribute to Heroes). Concrete objectives include raising funds (such as Live Aid) and influencing legislation (such as Live 8 or Farm Aid). The two largest benefit concerts of all time, in size, were the Live 8 and the Live Earth events, which both attracted billions of spectators. Scholars theorize that the observed increase on concert size since the Live Aid is happening because organizers strive to make their events as big as the tragedy at hand, thus hoping to gain legitimization that way.
Francis Lockier
Francis Lockier, D.D. (b Norwich 9 May 1668 – d Peterborough 17 July 1740) was the Dean of Peterborough from 1725 until his death.

He was educated at Norwich School and Trinity College, Cambridge. He held the Yorkshire livings of Handsworth and Aston. He was also Chaplain to the King from 1717 until 17127.

Dean of Peterborough
The Dean of Peterborough is the head of the chapter at Peterborough Cathedral. On the Dissolution of Peterborough Abbey in 1539 and the abbey-church's refoundation as a cathedral for the new bishop and diocese of Peterborough, care for the abbey/cathedral church passed from an abbot to a dean. The current Dean of Peterborough is Chris Dalliston.
Sébastien Dockier
Sébastien Dockier (born 28 December 1989) is a Belgian field hockey player who plays as a forward for Braxgata.

Dockier comes from a real hockey family; not only his father and sister but even aunts and cousins have been playing field hockey.

2018 Men's Hockey World Cup
The 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup was the 14th edition of the Hockey World Cup, the quadrennial world championship for men's national field hockey teams organized by the FIH. It was held from 28 November to 16 December 2018, at the Kalinga Hockey Stadium in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. The inauguration ceremony which was held on 27 November 2018, witnessed the biggest ever drone flying show in India.

Belgium won the tournament for the first time after defeating the Netherlands 3–2 in the final on a penalty shoot-out after a 0–0 draw. Defending champions Australia won the third place match by defeating England 8–1 in the third place playoff of the Odisha men's hockey world cup 2018.
Prince Hall
Prince Hall (c. 1735/38 – December 7, 1807) was an American abolitionist and leader in the free Black community in Boston. He founded Prince Hall Freemasonry and lobbied for education rights for African-American children. He was also active in the Back-to-Africa movement.

Hall tried to gain a place for New York's enslaved and free Blacks in Freemasonry, education, and the military, some of the most crucial spheres of society in his time. Hall is considered the founder of "Black Freemasonry" in the United States, known today as Prince Hall Freemasonry. He formed the African Grand Lodge of North America, and was unanimously elected its Grand Master and served until he died in 1807. Steve Gladstone, author of Freedom Trail Boston, states that Hall was "one of the most influential free black leaders in the late 1700s".

There is confusion about his birth year, place of birth, parents, and marriages, partly because there were numerous "Prince Halls" during this period.

David L. Gray
David L. Gray (born 1972 in Warren, Ohio) is an American Catholic theologian, author, speaker, and media host. He is the president and publisher of Saint Dominic's Media and is a Catholic convert from Agnosticism/Deism. Prior to his conversion to Catholicism, he was a Freemason and an author and speaker on the history of Prince Hall Freemasonry.
Greek ship Psara
Five ships of the Hellenic Navy have borne the name Psara (Ψαρά), named after the island of Psara, which played a major role in the Greek War of Independence:

Psara (1830–1833), a sail corvette, renamed to Prinkips Maximilianos in 1833

Greek auxiliary ship Psara (1880–1889), a former British freighter, used as a torpedo boat tender, renamed to Kanaris

Greek ironclad Psara (1890–1932), a French-built ironclad warship

Greek destroyer Psara (1933–1941), Dardo-class destroyer

Greek frigate Psara (1998–present), a Hydra-class (MEKO 200 type) frigate

Greek ship Kanaris
The following ships of the Hellenic Navy have borne the name Kanaris (Greek: Κανάρης) after the Greek admiral and statesman Konstantinos Kanaris:

Greek gunboat Kanaris, launched in 1835.

Greek auxiliary ship Kanaris, a former British freighter launched in 1880 as Psara, used as a torpedo boat tender.

Greek destroyer Kanaris (L53), a Hunt-class destroyer launched in 1941 as HMS Hatherleigh but transferred to Greece and renamed before completion. She was returned to the Royal Navy in 1959 and scrapped in 1960.

Greek destroyer Kanaris (D212), a Gearing-class destroyer launched in 1945 as USS Stickell. She was renamed on transfer to Greece in 1972 and scrapped in 2002.

Greek frigate Kanaris (F-464), an Elli-class frigate launched in 1981 as HNLMS Jan van Brakel. She was transferred to Greece in 2002 and renamed.
2027 UEFA Nations League Finals
The 2027 UEFA Nations League Finals will be the final tournament of the 2026–27 edition of the UEFA Nations League, the fifth season of the international football competition involving the men's national teams of the member associations of UEFA. The tournament will be held from 9 to 13 June 2027, and will be contested by the four quarter-final winners from Nations League A. The tournament will consist of two semi-finals, a third place play-off and final to determine the champions of the UEFA Nations League.

Portugal are the defending champions, having won the 2025 finals.

2025 UEFA Nations League Finals
The 2025 UEFA Nations League Finals was the final tournament of the 2024–25 edition of the UEFA Nations League, the fourth season of the international football competition involving the men's national teams of the 55 member associations of UEFA. The tournament was held from 4 to 8 June 2025 in Germany, and was contested by the four quarter-final winners from Nations League A. The tournament consisted of two semi-finals, a third place play-off and final to determine the champions of the UEFA Nations League.

Spain were the defending champions, having won the 2023 finals. Portugal won the final against Spain on penalties, following a 2–2 draw after extra time, for their second Nations League title.
1985–86 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup
The 1985/86 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup was the third World Cup season, a combination of ski jumping and cross-country skiing organized by International Ski Federation. It started on 21 Dec 1985 in Tarvisio, Italy and ended on 22 March 1986 in Štrbské Pleso, Czechoslovakia.

FIS Nordic Combined World Cup
The FIS Nordic Combined World Cup is a Nordic combined competition organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS), representing the highest level of international competition for men and women in the sport. It was first introduced in the 1983–84 season, while the team event made its debut in the 1999–00 season.

The current FIS race director is Lasse Ottesen, a former Norwegian ski jumper and world record holder.
Albrecht von Thaer
Albrecht Georg Otto von Thaer (2 June 1868 – 23 June 1957) was a German General Staff Officer and representative ("Generalbevollmächtigter") of Frederick Augustus III of Saxony the last (King of Saxony). He came to prominence in connection with his participation in the controversial long-distance cavalry exercise between Berlin and Vienna in 1892 and, later, on account of his First World War diaries, when these were published posthumously.

Helmuth von Moltke the Younger
Graf Helmuth Johannes Ludwig von Moltke (German: [ˈhɛlmuːt fɔn ˈmɔltkə]; 25 May 1848 – 18 June 1916), also known as Moltke the Younger, was a German general and Chief of the Great German General Staff, a member of the House of Moltke. He was also the nephew of Generalfeldmarschall Graf Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, who is commonly called "Moltke the Elder" to differentiate the two.

Upon becoming the head of the General Staff, Moltke led the German Army from 1 January 1906 to 14 September 1914 during the opening months of World War I. His legacy remains a matter of controversy, due to his involvement in Germany's decision to go to war and in the execution of the invasion of France and Belgium that culminated in the First Battle of the Marne.
Parliamentarians' League for Japan's Anime, Manga, and Games
Parliamentarians' League for Japan's Anime, Manga, and Games (Japanese: マンガ・アニメ・ゲームに関する議員連盟, romanized: Manga-anime-gēmu-ni-kansuru-giinrenmei) is an organization made up of members of the Japanese National Diet whose purpose is to promote manga, anime, and video games. The organization aims to support Japanese manga artists, animators, and game developers, and to archive their works. It is a bipartisan organization. Tarō Asō, a member of the House of Representatives from the Liberal Democratic Party, serves as its chief advisor.

Bipartisanship
Bipartisanship is a political situation, sometimes referred to as nonpartisanship and usually in the context of a two-party system (especially those of the United States and some other Western countries), in which opposing political parties find common ground through compromise. In multi-partisan electoral systems or in situations where multiple parties work together, it is called multipartisanship. Partisanship is the antonym, where an individual or political party adheres only to its interests without compromise.
Graham Peck (author)
Graham Peck (1914-1968) was an American travel writer, illustrator, and official in the wartime United States Office of War Information in China. He is best known for his book Two Kinds of Time, published by Houghton Mifflin in 1950.

Two Kinds of Time is sometimes compared in its point of view and influence with Edgar Snow's Red Star Over China, Theodore White and Annalee Jacoby's Thunder Out of China, and Jack Belden's China Shakes the World. Peck never visited the communist areas, however, and does not write favorably about them. The original publication of the book sold so poorly that it was remaindered.

Lucien Bianco
Lucien André Bianco (born 19 April 1930 in Ugine) is a French historian and sinologist specializing in the history of the Chinese peasantry in the twentieth century. He is the author of a reference book on the origins of the Chinese Communist Revolution and has co-edited the book China in the twentieth century. His Peasants without the Party was awarded the  Association for Asian Studies Joseph Levenson Book Prize in 2003.

O. E. Westad of Yale University described Blanco as influential outside of his home country and "the doyen of French historians of China."

Jean-Philippe Béja, in The China Quarterly, described Bianco as a "great historian of the Chinese revolution".
Leimon (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Leimon (Ancient Greek: Λειμὼν means 'meadow') was an Arcadian prince as the son of King Tegeates of Tegea and Maera, daughter of the Titan Atlas. He was the brother of Scephrus, Archedius, Gortys and Cydon.

Tegea
Tegea (/ˈtiːdʒiə/; Greek: Τεγέα) was a settlement in ancient Arcadia, and it is also a former municipality in Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the  Tripoli municipality, of which it is a municipal unit with an area of 118.350 km2. It is near the modern villages of Alea and Episkopi.

The legendary founder of Tegea was Tegeates, a son of Lycaon.
Erica conspicua
Erica conspicua is a plant belonging to the genus Erica and forming part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape.

The plant has a subspecies: Erica conspicua subsp. roseoflora E.G.H.Oliv. & I.M.Oliv.

Erica (plant)
Erica is a genus of roughly 857 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. The English common names heath and heather are shared by some closely related genera of similar appearance. The genus Calluna was formerly included in Erica; it differs in having even smaller scale-leaves (less than 2–3 millimetres long), and the flower corolla consisting of separate petals. Erica is sometimes referred to as "winter (or spring) heather" to distinguish it from Calluna "summer (or autumn) heather".
Heather Kerr
Heather Catharine Kerr (born 3 September 1991) is an English rugby union player. She debuted for England at the 2015 Women's Six Nations Championship against Ireland. She was named in the 2017 Women's Rugby World Cup squad for England.

Whiile attending Durham University Kerr was persuaded to try rugby out, before 2012 she had never played rugby but made her international debut less than three years later. She holds a BSc degree in Geography and MSc in Risk and Environmental Hazards from Durham (St Mary's College) and completed a Doctorate in Civil Engineering at the same institution in 2019.

England women's national rugby union team
The England women's national rugby union team, commonly known as the Red Roses, represents England in women's international rugby union. They compete in the annual Women's Six Nations Championship with France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales. England have won the championship on a total of 21 out of 30 occasions  – winning the Grand Slam 19 times and the Triple Crown 25 times – making them the most successful side in the tournament's history. They have won the Women's Rugby World Cup on three occasions (1994, 2014, and 2025), and have been runners-up on six other occasions. Their current permanent head coach, as of October 2023, is John Mitchell. They currently hold the longest ever winning streak in rugby, of 33 consecutive games as of the 2025 World Cup final.
Apollonius's theorem
In geometry, Apollonius's theorem is a theorem relating the length of a median of a triangle to the lengths of its sides. It states that the sum of the squares of any two sides of any triangle equals twice the square on half the third side plus twice the square on the median bisecting the third side.

The theorem is found as proposition VII.122 of Pappus of Alexandria's Collection (c. 340 AD). It may have been in Apollonius of Perga's lost treatise Plane Loci (c. 200 BC), and was included in Robert Simson's 1749 reconstruction of that work.

Parallelogram law
In mathematics, the simplest form of the parallelogram law (also called the parallelogram identity) belongs to elementary geometry.  It states that the sum of the squares of the lengths of the four sides of a parallelogram equals the sum of the squares of the lengths of the two diagonals. We use these notations for the sides: AB, BC, CD, DA.  But since in Euclidean geometry a parallelogram necessarily has opposite sides equal, that is, AB = CD and BC = DA, the law can be stated as

If the parallelogram is a rectangle, the two diagonals are of equal lengths AC = BD, so

and the statement reduces to the Pythagorean theorem. For the general quadrilateral (with four sides not necessarily equal) Euler's quadrilateral theorem states

where  is the length of the line segment joining the midpoints of the diagonals.  It can be seen from the diagram that  for a parallelogram, and so the general formula simplifies to the parallelogram law.
Fordsburg (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Fordsburg was a constituency in the Transvaal Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1948. It covered parts of the inner western suburbs of Johannesburg, centred on the suburb of Fordsburg. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Transvaal Provincial Council.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.
Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
August Victor Louis of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German: August Viktor Ludwig; 13 June 1818 – 26 July 1881), was a German prince of the Catholic House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry. He was a General Major in the Royal Saxon Army and the owner of Čábráď and Štiavnica, both in modern-day Slovakia.

Military Order of the Tower and Sword
The Military Order of the Tower and of the Sword, of Valour, Loyalty and Merit (Portuguese: Ordem Militar da Torre e Espada, do Valor, Lealdade e Mérito), before 1917 the ancient and most noble order of the Tower and of the Sword, of valour, loyalty and merit (A antiga e muito nobre ordem da Torre e Espada, do valor, lealdade e mérito), is one of the four former ancient Portuguese military orders and the pinnacle of the Portuguese honours system. It was created by King Afonso V in 1459. The order may be bestowed on people or on Portuguese municipalities.
Wildlife of Togo
The wildlife of Togo is composed of the flora and fauna of Togo, a country in West Africa. Despite its small size the country has a diversity of habitats; there are only remnants of the once more extensive rain forests in the south, there is Sudanian savanna in the north-western part of the country and larger areas of Guinean forest–savanna mosaic in the centre and north-east. The climate is tropical with distinct wet and dry seasons. There are estimated to be over 3000 species of vascular plants in the country, and 196 species of mammals and 676 species of birds have been recorded there.

Kob
The kob (Kobus kob) is an antelope found across Central Africa and parts of West Africa and East Africa. Together with the closely related reedbucks, waterbucks, lechwe, Nile lechwe, and puku, it forms the Reduncinae tribe. Found along the northern savanna, it is often seen in Murchison Falls and Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda; Garamba and Virunga National Park, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as grassy floodplains of South Sudan.
Kob are found in wet areas (such as floodplains), where they eat grasses. Kob are diurnal, but inactive during the heat of the day. They live in groups of either females and calves or just males. These groups generally range from five to forty animals.

Among the kobs of eastern Africa, the Ugandan kob (Kobus kob thomasi) appears on the coat of arms of Uganda, and white-eared kob (Kobus kob leucotis), found in South Sudan, southwest Ethiopia, and extreme northeast Uganda, participate in large-scale migrations.
Onalaska, Texas
Onalaska is a city in Polk County, Texas, United States. Situated on a peninsula between the main channel and one arm of Lake Livingston, the population was 3,020 at the 2020 census. First settled in the 1840s, Onalaska became a prominent company town in the early 20th century as the site of the Carlisle Lumber Company’s East Texas operations. After the sawmill closed in 1925, the town declined until the construction of Lake Livingston in the late 1960s spurred new growth through tourism, retirement development, and real estate. Today, Onalaska is known for its recreational access to Lake Livingston and its historic roots as a planned industrial settlement.

Trinity River (Texas)
The Trinity River is a 710-mile (1,140 km) river. It rises in extreme northern Texas, a few miles south of the Red River. The headwaters are separated by the high bluffs on the southern side of the Red River.

The Trinity River was previously identified as the stream that the Caddo called Arkikosa in Central Texas and Daycoa nearer the coast. However, in 2022, language preservationists from the Caddo Nation determined their ancestral language lacked the letter “R” sound. Arkikosa was likely a corruption or misspelling of the word Akokisa. In the vernacular of another tribe, the Atakapa who settled in the Gulf Coast woodlands, Akokisa means “river people.” French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle, in 1687, named the river, Riviere des canoës ("River of Canoes"). In 1690 Spanish explorer Alonso de León named it, "La Santísima Trinidad" ("the Most Holy Trinity").