hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Piotr Zak
Piotr (or Pjotr) Zak is the name of a fictional Polish composer whose alleged composition Mobile for Tape and Percussion was broadcast twice on the BBC Third Programme on 5 June 1961 in a performance supposedly played by "Claude Tessier" and "Anton Schmidt".  In fact, the composer and the performers were pseudonyms of BBC producers Hans Keller and Susan Bradshaw, who concocted the deliberately unmusical percussive piece as a hoax.  According to Bradshaw, "It was a serious hoax to set people thinking that fake music can be indistinguishable from the genuine." The success of the hoax, however, is open to question.  While Mobile for Tape and Percussion was reviewed seriously by several critics, all of the reviews were roundly negative, with the piece being almost instantly identified as a "non-musical" studio prank.

Donald Mitchell (writer)
Donald Charles Peter Mitchell CBE (6 February 1925 – 28 September 2017) was a British writer on music, particularly known for his books on Gustav Mahler and Benjamin Britten and for the book The Language of Modern Music, published in 1963.
Hadriana in All My Dreams
Hadriana in All My Dreams (French: Hadriana dans tous mes rêves) is a 1988 novel by Haitian author René Depestre. Set in Jacmel, Haiti, and spanning a period of 40 years, the plot follows a young French woman, Hadriana Siloé, who is turned into a zombie on her wedding day. The novel explores themes of colonialism, exile, and sexuality.

The novel was published by French publishing house Gallimard in 1988; it was met with acclaim. It won the Prix Renaudot that same year, becoming the first novel by a Haitian writer to do so, won multiple other literary awards, and sold close to 200,000 copies within five years. The novel has been praised for its writing style, atmosphere, and treatment of social issues; conversely, it has been criticized for its depiction of Haiti and treatment of gender-related issues and sexuality. An English translation by Kaiama L. Glover was published by Akashic Books in 2017.

Ben Fountain
Ben Fountain (born 1958) is an American writer currently living in New Bern, North Carolina. He has won many awards including a PEN/Hemingway Award for Brief Encounters with Che Guevara: Stories (2007) and the National Book Critics Circle Award for fiction for his debut novel Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk (2012).
Ikh Nartiin Chuluu Nature Reserve
The Ikh Nartiin Chuluu Nature Reserve, commonly shortened to Ikh Nart Nature Reserve is a protected area in Dornogovi Province, Mongolia. It occupies part of two counties, Dalanjargalan and Airag. The nature reserve has an area of about 66,000 hectares (160,000 acres) and was established in 1996. It consists of rocky outcrops surrounded by dry grassland and semi-desert steppe and is one of the places in which the rare argali wild sheep can be found.

Dornogovi Province
Dornogovi (Mongolian: Дорноговь, East Gobi) is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia, located in the southeast of the country, bordering China's autonomous region of Inner Mongolia.

Dornogovi is located in the Gobi Desert, and frequent sand- and snow storms amplify the hard weather conditions of Mongolia. Temperatures can range from −40 °C (−40 °F) to 40 °C (104 °F) with ground temperatures as high as 60 °C or 140 °F.

Dornogovi has ample reserves of groundwater, but no lakes or rivers.
Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Hoa
Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Hoa (born November 10, 1987, in Long An) is a Vietnamese coach and former volleyball player. She is a former captain of the Vietnam women's national volleyball team. She is now the head coach of the VTV Bình Điền Long An team and one of the assistant coaches of the Vietnam national team.

VTV International Women's Volleyball Cup
The VTV International Women's Volleyball Cup is an international volleyball tournament for women organised by the Volleyball Federation of Vietnam (VFV), and sponsored by Vietnam Television (VTV). The cup was established in 2004 and held every year. From 2020 to 2022, the tournament was cancelled due to worldwide COVID-19 pandemic and the reschedule of 2021 Southeast Asian Games.
Ferdinando Stanley, 5th Earl of Derby
Ferdinando Stanley, 5th Earl of Derby (1559 – 16 April 1594), was an English nobleman and politician. He was the son of Henry Stanley, 4th Earl of Derby, and Lady Margaret Clifford. Ferdinando had a place in the line of succession to Elizabeth I according to the will of Henry VIII, after his mother, whom he predeceased. His sudden death led to suspicions of poisoning amid fears of Catholic plots to overthrow Elizabeth.

Edmund Spenser
Edmund Spenser (/ˈspɛnsər/; c. 1552 – 13 January 1599 O.S.) was an English poet best known for The Faerie Queene, an epic poem and fantastical allegory celebrating the Tudor dynasty and Elizabeth I. He is recognized as one of the premier craftsmen of nascent Modern English verse, and he is considered one of the great poets in the English language.
Rozka Korczak
Rozka or Ruzka Korczak (1921, Płock – 1988) was a Jewish partisan leader during World War II. A Polish Jew, she served in the Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye and, alongside Vitka Kempner and founder Abba Kovner, assumed a leadership role in its successor group, the Avengers (Nakam).

Jewish partisans
Jewish partisans were fighters in irregular military groups participating in the Jewish resistance movement against Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II.

A number of Jewish partisan groups operated across Nazi-occupied Europe, some made up of a few escapees from the Jewish ghettos or concentration camps, while others, such as Bielski partisans, numbered in the hundreds and included women and children. They were most numerous in Eastern Europe, but groups also existed in occupied France and Belgium, where they worked with the local resistance. Many individual Jewish fighters took part in the other partisan movements in other occupied countries. In total, the Jewish partisans numbered between 20,000 and 30,000.
Zabdin
Zabdin (Arabic: زبدين; also spelled Zabadayn) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Markaz Rif Dimashq District of the Rif Dimashq Governorate, located just east of Damascus. Nearby localities include al-Malihah to the west, Shabaa to the south, Deir al-Asafir to the southeast, Harasta al-Qantarah and Marj al-Sultan to the east, Beit Nayim to the northeast and Jisrin and Saqba to the northwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Zabdin had a population of 7,003 in the 2004 census.

Jisrin
Jisrin (Arabic: جسرين; also spelled Jisrein) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Markaz Rif Dimashq District of the Rif Dimashq Governorate, located just east of Damascus. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Jisrin had a population of 9,442 in the 2004 census.
2016 Volta a Portugal
The 2016 Volta a Portugal is a men's road bicycle race held from 27 July to 7 August 2016. It is the 78th edition of the men's stage race to be held, which was established in 1927. As part of the 2016 UCI Europe Tour, it is rated as a 2.1 event.

2016 UCI Europe Tour
The 2016 UCI Europe Tour was the twelfth season of the UCI Europe Tour. The 2016 season began on 28 January 2016 with the Trofeo Santanyí-Ses Salines-Campos and ended on 23 October 2016 with the Chrono des Nations.

French rider Nacer Bouhanni (Cofidis), who scored 721 points in the 2015 edition, was the defending champion of the 2015 UCI Europe Tour.

Throughout the season, points were awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determined how many points were awarded to the top finishers; the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points were awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest were as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2
Harrison, Idaho
Harrison is a city in Kootenai County, Idaho, United States. The population was 233 at the 2020 census. Harrison is located on the eastern shore of Lake Coeur d'Alene, immediately south of where the Coeur d'Alene River flows into the lake.

Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company
The Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company (OR&N) was a rail and steamboat transport company that operated a rail network of 1,143 miles (1,839 km) running east from Portland, Oregon, United States, to northeastern Oregon, northeastern Washington, and northern Idaho. It operated from 1896 as a consolidation of several smaller railroads.

OR&N was initially operated as an independent carrier, but Union Pacific (UP) purchased a majority stake in the line in 1898. It became a subsidiary of UP titled the Oregon–Washington Railroad and Navigation Company in 1910. In 1936, Union Pacific formally absorbed the system, which became UP's gateway to the Pacific Northwest.
Driving Park
Driving Park is an urban residential area on the Near East Side of Columbus, Ohio, United States, just south of Interstate 70. Mainly a middle-class, predominantly African American neighborhood, Driving Park and its surrounding neighborhoods consist of an area of 17,730 residents. Driving Park received its name from its historic past as a large racing complex, first for horses and later for automobiles.

German Village
German Village is a historic neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio, just south of the city's downtown. It was settled in the early-to-mid-19th century by a large number of German immigrants, who at one time comprised as much as a third of the city's entire population. It became a city historic district in 1960 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974, becoming the list's largest privately funded preservation district.  Its boundaries increased in 1980, and in 2007, it was designated a Preserve America Community by the federal government.  Today it is one of the world's premier historic restorations.
Safran Electronics & Defense
Safran Electronics & Defense, formerly known as Sagem Défense Sécurité, is a French company specializing in optronics, avionics and electronic systems, as well as software for civil and military applications in the naval, aeronautical and space sectors. It is one of the ten entities that make up the Safran Group.

SAGEM Sperwer
The SAGEM Sperwer (Pronounced Spehr-wuhr, Dutch for Sparrowhawk) is an unmanned aerial vehicle manufactured by the French firm SAGEM. The aircraft is piloted remotely and can cruise at altitudes of over 16,000 feet for as long as five hours. It can send back images of targets up to 150 kilometers away from its ground control station.
Lier Station
Lier Station (Norwegian: Lier holdeplass) is located at the village of Lier, Norway on the railway Drammen Line. The station is served by the Oslo Commuter Rail L13, service with half-hour headway by Vy. The station is served by line L1, with one departure at 01:54 to Drammen.

Lier, Norway
Lier is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Lierbyen.  The municipality of Lier was established on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The area Åssiden was transferred from Lier to the neighboring municipality of Drammen on 1 July 1951.

Norway's longest indoor shopping center, Liertoppen, is located in Lierskogen. The newspaper Lierposten is published in Lier.
Wan'an, Santai County
Wan'an (simplified Chinese: 万安; traditional Chinese: 萬安; pinyin: Wàn'ān) is a town under the administration of Santai County, Sichuan, China. As of 2018, it has one residential community and six villages under its administration.

Santai County
Santai County (simplified Chinese: 三台县; traditional Chinese: 三台縣; pinyin: Sāntái Xiàn; Wade–Giles: San1-t῾ai2 Hsien4; Sichuanese romanization: San1-t῾ai2 Shien4; formerly known as Tungchwanfu, Sichuanese romanization: Tongchuanfu) is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Mianyang, in the northeast of Sichuan Province of China. It has an area of 2,660.58 km2 (1,027.26 sq mi). According to the 2020 census, its population stands at 955,800. At the end of 2024 and the beginning of 2025, the resident population is 944,000, the urbanization rate is 34.14%, the urban population is 322,300, and the registered population is 1,334,500.
2018 Oracle Challenger Series – Newport Beach
The 2018 Oracle Challenger Series – Newport Beach was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament, which was part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2018 WTA 125K series. It took place January 22 through 28, 2018 in Newport Beach, United States.

2018 WTA 125K series
The WTA 125K series is the secondary professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association. The 2018 WTA 125K series calendar consisted of ten tournaments, each with a total prize fund of $125,000 each except the Oracle Challenger Series that offer $150,000 in prize money. After 2017, Dalian Women's Tennis Open and Hawaii Tennis Open were scrapped while Hua Hin Championships was replaced by Thailand Open, an international WTA event to take place at the same venue, beginning February 2019. 5 new tournaments were introduced in Newport Beach, Indian Wells, Chicago, Houston and Anning which was earlier an ITF event.
Fort Vancouver Regional Libraries
Fort Vancouver Regional Libraries (FVRL) is a public library system in southwestern Washington state. It serves a four-county area centered around the city of Vancouver, where the system is headquartered. FVRL has 15 library branches, two bookmobiles, and online services for its 147,000 patrons. The service area includes Clark, Klickitat, and Skamania counties, and portions of Cowlitz County.

The library district was established in 1950 as the first inter-county rural library district in Washington. The collection for the district includes 705,000 items, including books and eBooks, magazines and eMagazines, DVDs, audio book CDs and eAudio, and streaming video.

Vancouver Mall
Vancouver Mall is a shopping mall owned by Cenntenial Real Estate, and located in the city of Vancouver, Washington, U.S., which is within the Portland (Oregon) metropolitan area.  It is anchored by Gold's Gym, H&M, JCPenney, Macy's, AMC, Hobby Lobby, Round One, and Old Navy. Longtime past anchor stores included Meier & Frank, Sears, Nordstrom and Mervyn's.  Opened in August 1977, Vancouver Mall is located near an interchange between Interstate 205 and State Route 500.
Angela Lanfranchi
Angela Lanfranchi (born June 12, 1950) is an American breast cancer surgeon and anti-abortion activist. In 1999, she co-founded the Breast Cancer Prevention Institute with Joel Brind, John T. Bruchalski, and William L. Toffler. Lanfranchi is the president of the institute. She is known for advocating for a link between abortion and breast cancer, as well as for claiming that the pill has serious adverse health effects, such as causing women who take it to prefer partners more genetically similar to themselves. In 2014, she was the keynote speaker at the World Congress of Families in Melbourne, Australia.

Joel Brind
Joel Lewis Brind is a professor of human biology and endocrinology at Baruch College, City University of New York and a leading advocate of the abortion-breast cancer hypothesis, which posits that abortion increases the risk of breast cancer.  This idea is rejected by mainstream medical professional organizations and there is overwhelming evidence in the peer-reviewed medical literature debunking it.  Brind is openly contemptuous of mainstream medical professional organizations and journals, accusing them of conducting a deliberate cover-up with the goal of "protecting the abortion industry."
Ethnic minorities in Georgia (country)
The main ethnic minorities in Georgia are Azerbaijanis, Armenians, Ukrainians, Russians, Greeks, Abkhazians, Ossetians, Kists, Assyrians and Yazidi.

There is also a small Jewish community.

Georgia is the only country in the region, along with Turkey, to have Roma, Dom and Lom communities living there.

Kist people
The Kists (Georgian: ქისტები, kist'ebi; Chechen: P'ängazxuoj) are a Chechen sub-ethnic group in Georgia. They primarily live in the Pankisi Gorge, in the eastern Georgian region of Kakheti, where there are approximately 5,700 Kist people. The modern Kists are not to be confused with the historical term Kists, an ethnonym of Georgian origin, which was used to refer to the Nakh peoples in the Middle Ages.
Mares Peak
Mares Peak (1,653.5 m MSL) is a mountain belonging to the Graian Alps (and, more specifically, to the Lanzo and High Moorish Alps). It is located in the province of Turin between the municipalities of Sparone, Alpette, and Canischio, whose territories converge on its summit.

Canavese
Canavese (French: Canavais; Piedmontese: Canavèis) is a subalpine geographical and historical area of North-West Italy which lies today within the Metropolitan City of Turin in Piedmont. Its main town is Ivrea and it is famous for its castles.
Baramita
Baramita, is a community in the Barima-Waini region of northern Guyana,  standing about 20 miles west of Matthew's Ridge, at an altitude of 99 metres (328 feet).

It is one of the largest Amerindian settlements in the country. It is inhabited by the Kalina people. and the village council is responsible for 22 satellite villages as well. The total population of the indigenous area is 3,500 people. Baramita could only be easily reached only by air, however a road has been built to link it with Matthew's Ridge. The main economic activity in the village is mining and subsistence farming.

Kalina people
The Kalina (Caliña), also known as the Caribs or mainland Caribs and by several other names, are an Indigenous people native to the northern coastal areas of South America. Today, the Kalina live largely in villages on the rivers and coasts of Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Brazil. They speak a Cariban language known as Carib. They may be related to the Island Caribs of the Caribbean, though their languages are unrelated.
Stipshausen
Stipshausen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Herrstein-Rhaunen, whose seat is in Herrstein.

Herrstein
Herrstein (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛʁʃtaɪn]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Herrstein-Rhaunen.
Kendrapara district
Kendrapara district is an administrative district of Odisha state in eastern India. The town of Kendrapara is the district headquarters. Kendrapara District is situated in the eastern portion of the state, and is bounded on the north by Bhadrak district, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, on the south by Jagatsinghpur District, on the west by Cuttack District and on the northwest by Jajpur District.

Jagatsinghpur district
Jagatsinghpur district is one of the thirty districts of Odisha in the eastern coast of India. It became a new district on 1 April 1993 being separated from Cuttack district with its own headquarter in Jagatsinghpur town. Deltaic and partly littoral; the district of Jagatsinghpur is triangular in shape and small in geographical proportions. It is the smallest district in the state and covers a landmass of 1759 km2. It has a history of its own dating back to the 6th century AD, having contemporaneity with the Prachi valley civilization.
Bradford Hill criteria
The Bradford Hill criteria, otherwise known as Hill's criteria for causation, are a group of nine principles that can be useful in evaluating epidemiologic evidence of a causal relationship between a presumed cause and an observed effect and have been widely used in public health research. They were proposed in 1965 by the English epidemiologist Sir Austin Bradford Hill, although Hill did not use the term "criteria" himself and instead described nine "viewpoints from all of which we should study association before we cry causation." Modern interpretations of Hill's viewpoints focus on this more nuanced framing, in line with Hill's original assertion that "none of my nine viewpoints can bring indisputable evidence for or against the cause-and-effect hypothesis and none can be required as a sine qua non."

In 1996, David Fredricks and David Relman remarked on Hill's criteria in their pivotal paper on microbial pathogenesis.

Microbial pathogenesis
Microbial pathogenesis is a field of microbiology that started at least as early as 1988, with the identification of the triune Falkow's criteria, aka molecular Koch's postulates. In 1996, Fredricks and Relman proposed a seven-point list of "Molecular Guidelines for Establishing Microbial Disease Causation," because of "the discovery of nucleic acids" by Watson and Crick "as the source of genetic information and as the basis for precise characterization of an organism." The subsequent development of the "ability to detect and manipulate these nucleic acid molecules in microorganisms has created a powerful means for identifying previously unknown microbial pathogens and for studying the host-parasite relationship."
Joel Erhardt
Joel Benedict Erhardt (February 21, 1838 – September 8, 1909) was an American politician, civil servant, lawyer and businessman. He served as the police commissioner for the New York Police Department, U.S. Marshal for the Eastern District of New York, the Collector of the Port of New York and was the Republican candidate who ran against Hugh J. Grant for the Mayor of New York in 1888.

Collector of the Port of New York
The Collector of Customs at the Port of New York, most often referred to as Collector of the Port of New York, was a federal officer who was in charge of the collection of import duties on foreign goods that entered the United States by ship at the Port of New York.

In addition to its control of import duties, the office controlled and distributed a large number of lucrative federal jobs, making it among the most important political patronage positions in the United States government. Disputes over control of the office, particularly between the President and United States Senators from New York, who traditionally advised on political appointments within the state, were a key aspect of the national debate over civil service reform in the nineteenth century.

The best-known individual to hold the position was Chester A. Arthur, who served as collector from 1871 to 1878 and who later served as the 21st president of the United States.
Shahelmey Yahya
Shahelmey bin Yahya (born 20 February 1973) is a Malaysian politician who has served as the Deputy Chief Minister III and State Minister of Works of Sabah in the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) state administration under Chief Minister Hajiji Noor since January 2023, Member of Parliament (MP) for Putatan since November 2022 and Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Tanjung Keramat since September 2020. He served as the State Minister of Community Development and People's Wellbeing in GRS administration under Hajiji from October 2020 to his promotion to deputy chief ministership and switch of ministerial portfolio in January 2023. He is a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.

Hajiji Noor
Hajiji bin Noor (Jawi: عزيزي بن نور; born 10 May 1955) is a Malaysian politician who served as the 16th Chief Minister of Sabah since 2020. The President of the GAGASAN Party, he represented Sulaman in the Sabah State Legislative Assembly since 1990.

Born in Tuaran, Sabah, he was appointed Chief Minister in late September 2020 after his coalition, Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS), won 38 out of the 73 seats, in which 37 seats needed for a simple majority in the 2020 state election. His administration was further strengthened after three independent members of state legislative assembly (MLAs) pledged their support for the state government.