hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ray Perez
Ray Perez (January 25, 1939 – March 12, 2013) was an American professional boxer who competed from 1958 to 1970. As an amateur, he competed in the men's flyweight event at the 1956 Summer Olympics. He was also the National AAU flyweight champion in 1958.
Perez turned professional in 1958. During his 12 year career he fought several boxers who became world champions namely Fighting Harada, Hiroyuki Ebihara, Walter McGowan, and Lionel Rose. Perez defeated Rose in 1966.

Fighting Harada
Masahiko Harada (born April 5, 1943), better known as Fighting Harada, is a Japanese former professional boxer. He is a world champion in two weight classes, having held the NYSAC, WBA, and The Ring undisputed flyweight titles from 1962 to 1963 and the WBA, WBC, and The Ring undisputed bantamweight titles from 1965 and 1968. He is currently the president of the Japanese boxing association.

Harada was arguably one of Japan's most popular boxers; his fame reached international status, and Puerto Rico's Wilfredo Gómez declared that Harada was his idol as a child. Harada was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1995. In 2002, he was ranked as the 32nd greatest boxer of the past 80 years by Ring magazine.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 578
United Nations Security Council resolution 578, adopted unanimously on 12 December 1985, noted a report of the secretary-general that due to the existing circumstances, the presence of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) would continue to be essential for a peaceful settlement. The council expressed its desire for all parties to support the ten-point agreement for the resumption of intercommunal talks and asked the secretary-general to report back again before 31 May 1986 to follow the implementation of the resolution.

The council reaffirmed its previous resolutions including Resolution 365 (1974) and expressed its concern over the situation. The Council urged the involved parties to work together toward peace and once more extended the stationing of the Force in Cyprus, established in Resolution 186 (1964), until 15 June 1986.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 186
United Nations Security Council Resolution 186, adopted unanimously on 4 March 1964 during the Cyprus crisis of 1963–64, calling on all member states to conform to their obligations under the Charter, asked the Government of Cyprus to take all additional measures necessary to stop violence and bloodshed and called on communities in Cyprus and their leaders to act with restraint.  The resolution then recommended the creation of a peace-keeping force in the interest of preserving international peace and to prevent a recurrence of fighting and that, in agreement with the Governments of Greece, Turkey and the United Kingdom, a mediator would be appointed to try to promote a peaceful solution to the problem confronting Cyprus.
Kurdish Mastiff
The Kurdish Mastiff, Assyrian Shepherd, or Pişder dog (Kurdish: سەگی پشدەری, romanized: Segî Pişderî) is a dog landrace native to the mountainous Kurdistan Region in Iraq, especially the Pişder region in Sulaymaniyah Governorate. This dog is often used as a livestock guardian against predators and number around a few thousand heads. They have been compared to the Kangal Dog and the Akbash.

Livestock guardian dog
The livestock guardian or flock guardian dog is a type of dog bred to protect livestock from predators.

Livestock guardian dogs stay with the group of animals they protect as a full-time member of the flock or herd. Their ability to guard their herd is mainly instinctive, as the dog is bonded to the herd from an early age. Unlike herding dogs which control the movement of livestock, they blend in with them, watching for intruders within the flock. They confront predators with vocal intimidation, barking and displaying aggression. This is often enough to ward off predators; dogs may attack or fight with those that cannot be driven away.
Tufton, Pembrokeshire
Tufton is a crossroads hamlet in the parish of Henry's Moat in Pembrokeshire, Wales, on the B4329, a road between Eglwyswrw and Haverfordwest across the Preseli Hills. It is in the community of Puncheston.

Eglwyswrw
Eglwyswrw ([ɛɡlʊɨˈsuːrʊ] ⓘ) is a village, community and parish in the former Cantref of Cemais, Pembrokeshire, Wales. The village lies between Newport and Cardigan at the junction of the A487 road and the B4332 at an altitude of 130 metres (430 ft).

The village is in the heart of the Welsh-speaking area of Pembrokeshire; its history goes back at least to Norman times and there are 19 listed buildings in the community.
2019 Allan Cup
The 2019 Allan Cup was the Canadian championship of senior ice hockey and the 111th year the Allan Cup was awarded.  The tournament played in Lacombe, Alberta from April 8–13, 2019.  The Lacombe Generals defeated the Innisfail Eagles 5–2 in the final to win the national championship.

Allan Cup
The Allan Cup is the trophy awarded annually to the senior ice hockey champions of Canada. It was donated by Sir Montagu Allan of Ravenscrag, Montreal, and has been competed for since 1909. It was most recently won by the Wentworth Gryphins in 2025.
Danio margaritatus
Danio margaritatus, the celestial pearl danio, often referred to in the aquarium trade as galaxy rasbora or Microrasbora sp. 'Galaxy', is a small freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Danionidae. This fish is from Myanmar and Northern Thailand (in Salween basin). It has so far been found only in a very small area near Hopong east of Inle Lake, at an elevation of over 1,000 m (3,400 ft). Its habitat is part of the Salween basin, namely the Nam Lang and Nam Pawn Rivers. Discovered in 2006, the species quickly appeared in the aquarium trade, where its small size and bright colours made it an instant hit.

Red dwarf rasbora
The red dwarf rasbora (Microrasbora rubescens) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to family Danionidae. It is the only species in the genus Microrasbora. The generic name means "small Rasbora", however these are more closely related to the danios than rasboras. They inhabit freshwater in Myanmar Inle Lake and possibly the Salween River.
Denison River
Denison River is a river in South West Tasmania, Australia. It is within the South West Wilderness, and drains into the Gordon River below the Gordon Splits. Its catchment starts in the south of the King William Range.

It lies to the east of the Prince of Wales Range, north west of Gordon Dam and Lake Gordon, and west of The Spires.

The river was travelled and photographed by Peter Dombrovskis.

In 1989 a survey of the river valley was undertaken to check for Aboriginal sites. Seven archaeological sites were identified.

King William Range
The King William Range is a mountain range in the South West Wilderness, Tasmania, Australia.
It is situated south of the Lyell Highway and Derwent Bridge.  It is the source of the Gordon River catchment.

Despite older designations of a single peak, it has three peaks named Mount King William, designated I, II and III.

The mountains that are over 1100m high in the range include:

Loddon Bluff (1220m)

Mt King William I (1324m)

Slatters Peak (1300m)

Mt King William II (1363m)

Mt Hobhouse (1222m)

Wentworth Hills (1244m)

In some mapping of Tasmania it is included in the Central Highlands region, and it is also in proximity to Hydro Tasmania impoundments in the highlands.
Hunter Corbett
Hunter Corbett D.D. (Chinese: 郭显德; pinyin: Guō Xiǎndé; December 8, 1835 – January 7, 1920) was a pioneer American missionary to Chefoo (Zhifu 芝罘区, in Yantai), Shandong China, he served with the American Presbyterian Mission. He was a fervent advocate of the missionary enterprise.

He founded the Yi Wen School at Tengchow (also known as Boys' Academy / Hunter Corbett Academy Tengchow) afterward converted into an institution of higher education as Cheeloo University in 1928. It was the first university in China.

Washington & Jefferson College
Washington & Jefferson College (W&J College or W&J) is a private liberal arts college in Washington, Pennsylvania, United States. It traces its origin to three Presbyterian missionaries of the 1780s, John McMillan, Thaddeus Dod, and Joseph Smith, whose early schools evolved into two rival institutions: Washington College in Washington, and Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The two colleges merged in 1865 to form Washington & Jefferson College.

The 60-acre (24 ha) Washington & Jefferson College campus has more than 40 buildings, with the oldest dating to 1793. The college enrolled over 1,100 students as of fall 2022. It has a longstanding tradition of literary societies, dating back before the union of the two colleges. Nearly all of the college's students live on campus, and roughly one-third are members of fraternities or sororities. The W&J athletic program competes in NCAA Division III.
Dimitrios Mavrogenidis
Dimitrios Mavrogenidis (Greek: Δημήτριος Μαυρογενίδης; born 23 December 1976) is a retired Greek football right-back.

Mavrogenidis is best known as Olympiacos' first-choice right-back for a long stretch of the club's dominance of Greek football in the late 1990s and early 2000s.

1997–98 Alpha Ethniki
The 1997–98 Alpha Ethniki was the 62nd season of the highest football league of Greece. The season began on 30 August 1997 and ended on 18 May 1998. Olympiacos won their second consecutive and 27th Greek title.
Nanjimen Yangtze River bridge
Nanjimen Yangtze River Bridge (Chinese: 南纪门长江大桥) is a rapid transit cable-stayed bridge that crosses the Yangtze to connect Yuzhong and Nan'an Districts in Chongqing. The bridge carries Chongqing Rail Transit Line 10 trains. It opened on 18 January 2023.

Nanjimen Yangtze River Bridge is located between Houbao and Qixinggang Stations of Line 10 Phase II of Chongqing Rail Transit. The total length of the bridge is 1,225 m (4,019 ft). With a main span of 480 m (1,575 ft) it is the longest metro-only cable-stayed bridge by main span in the world.

Yuzhong, Chongqing
Yuzhong District (渝中区) is the central district and heart of Chongqing municipality. It is the capital of the municipality and is also the political, economical, and entertainment center of the city of Chongqing. Located in the central portion of Yuzhong is the Jiefangbei CBD, a leading business and financial center of western China.

Surrounded on three sides by water, Yuzhong is effectively a peninsula between the Jialing and Yangtze Rivers. Due to the limited space, its hilly nature, and the fact that it is the main central business district for Chongqing, Yuzhong contains some of the tallest skyscrapers in China and is the most densely populated district in the municipality.

During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the relocated headquarters of the Nationalist Government were located in Yuzhong.
Lubbertus Götzen
Lubbertus Götzen (10 October 1894 – 13 July 1979) was a Dutch accountant and politician. He embarked upon a civil service career in the Dutch East Indies. He was a minister of the Department of Finance. In Indonesia he was politically active in the Christian political party.

He was a Minister without Portfolio in the Drees–Van Schaik cabinet and First Beel cabinet. He was also a State Secretary for overseas territories in the First Drees cabinet.

Minister without portfolio (Netherlands)
In the Netherlands, a minister without portfolio (Dutch: minister zonder portefeuille) is a Government minister that does not head a specific ministry, but assumes the same power and responsibilities as a minister that does. The minister is responsible for a specific part of another minister's policy field. In that sense, a minister without portfolio is comparable to a state secretary (staatssecretaris), a junior minister in Dutch politics, who also falls under another ministry and is responsible for a specific part of that minister's policy field. However, one distinct difference is that a minister without portfolio is a member of the Council of Ministers and can vote in it, whereas a state secretary is not. The minister for development cooperation has always been a minister without portfolio.
John Vassos
John Vassos (born John Plato Vassacopoulos; 23 October 1898 – 6 December 1985) whose career as an American industrial designer and artist helped define the shape of radio, television, broadcasting equipment, and computers for the Radio Corporation of America for almost four decades. He is best known for both his art deco illustrated books and iconic turnstile for the Perey company, as well as modern radios, broadcast equipment, and televisions for RCA. He was a founder of the Industrial Designers Society of America, in 1965, serving as its first chairman simultaneously with Henry Dreyfuss as its president. Vassos' design philosophy was to make products that were functional for the user.

A decorated veteran of World War II, Vassos was chief of the OSS "Spy School" in Cairo, Egypt from 1942 to 1945.

Remington Arms
Remington Arms Company, LLC, was an American manufacturer of firearms and ammunition. It was formerly owned by the Remington Outdoor Company, which went bankrupt in 2020 with its lines of business sold to several purchasers. Two resulting companies each bear the Remington name—the firearms manufacturer is Remington Firearms owned by RemArms, LLC., and the ammunition business is Remington Ammunition owned by The Kinetic Group (Czechoslovak Group).

Founded in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington as E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York, it was one of the oldest gun makers in the United States and claimed to be the oldest factory in the country that still made its original product. The company was the largest rifle manufacturer in North America according to 2015 ATF statistics. The company developed or adopted more cartridges than any other gun maker or ammunition manufacturer in the world.
Montrose Wolf
Montrose Madison Wolf (May 29, 1935 – March 19, 2004) was an American psychologist. He developed the technique of "time-out" as a learning tool to shape behavior in children in the 1960s. He was a leader in creating the discipline of problem-solving, real-world psychological research known as applied behavior analysis. He created the Teaching Family Model as an intervention program for dealing with juvenile delinquents. He helped replicate this model almost 800 times. In the field of applied behavior analysis he introduced and named the concept of social validity.

Donald Baer, Sidney W. Bijou, Todd Risley, James Sherman, and Wolf established the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, in 1968 as a peer-reviewed journal publishing research about experimental analysis of behavior and its practical applications.

Todd Risley
Todd Robert Risley (September 8, 1937 – November 2, 2007) was an American psychologist. He is credited with helping to create the field of applied behavior analysis, and has been described as a "pioneer" in this field. He is known for the study he conducted with Betty Hart, who was his graduate student at the University of Kansas at the time, on the word gap between rich and poor children. He was also a co-founder and editor-in-chief of the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis.
2010 Women's Hockey World Cup
The 2010 Women's Hockey World Cup was the 12th edition of the Women's Hockey World Cup field hockey tournament. It was held from 29 August to 11 September 2010 in Rosario, Argentina.

Argentina won the tournament for the second time after defeating defending champions the Netherlands 3–1 in the final. The final took place in front of a capacity crowd of 12,000. England won the third place match by defeating Germany 2–0 to claim their first ever World Cup medal.

European Hockey Federation
EuroHockey is a European sports federation for field hockey, based in Brussels. It is the umbrella organisation for all European national federations, and organises the Euro Hockey League. The president of the league is Marcos Hofmann. In reaction to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Hockey Federation banned the participation of all Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials from all events sanctioned by the Federation.
President Elect (video game)
President Elect is a turn-based, political simulation game released by Strategic Simulations for the Apple II in 1981. A Commodore 64 port followed in 1984. The sequel, President Elect: 1988 Edition, was published in 1987.

Strategic Simulations
Strategic Simulations, Inc. (SSI) was a video game developer and publisher of over 100 games from its founding in 1979 to its dissolution in 1994 (though the brand was in use until around 2002). The company focused on computer wargames then later added role-playing video games. SSI published the Panzer General series and the official video game adaptations of Dungeons & Dragons.
Fractional Importance
Fractional Importance is a modern rock band from Los Angeles, California formed in 1998, consisting of Doug Gledhill (lead vocals and guitar), Nate Perry (bass and backing vocals) and Kevin Fessler (drums). Their sound has been described as ranging from alternative metal and post-hardcore to modern rock. Although the band never enjoyed mainstream success, they were one of the few independent rock bands to emerge from the saturated late 1990s Hollywood club scene who, through largely self-funded touring and relentless promotion, were able to amass a sizable fan base and influence younger L.A. based bands coming up on the same scene.

Smile Empty Soul
Smile Empty Soul is an American rock band, originally from Santa Clarita, California. It was started in 1998 by Sean Danielsen (vocals and guitar), Ryan Martin (bass), and Derek Gledhill (drums). After the departure of Gledhill and Martin from the band in 2005 and 2017, respectively, Danielsen remains the only founding member active as the band's primary songwriter, frontman, and its leader.
Rasm E Duniya
Rasm E Duniya (Urdu: رسمِ دنیا, lit. 'The Way of the World') is a 2017 Pakistani romantic drama serial which aired on ARY Digital. It was produced by Abdullah Seja. It was a new drama on Idream Entertainment and was directed by Roomi Insha. It starred Armeena Khan and Sami Khan. The drama serial premiered in 2017.

Pakistani dramas
Pakistani dramas, or Pakistani serials, are televised serials produced in Pakistan. Although most of the serials are produced in Urdu, an increasing number are produced in other Pakistani languages such as Sindhi, Pashto, Punjabi and Balochi. One of Pakistan's oldest television dramas is the Urdu serial Khuda Ki Basti, which aired in 1969. Pakistani dramas, like serials elsewhere, reflect the country's culture. According to critics, the decades of 1970s and 1980s are considered to be the golden age of Pakistani serials.

In 2016, a Dawn News report estimated that the five major entertainment channels combined produce around 80 dramas every year, with an average of 16 dramas per channel.

They have helped to attract viewers nationwide to television. The serials are widely popular in South Asian countries, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal.
Telescoping Markov chain
In probability theory, a telescoping Markov chain (TMC) is a vector-valued stochastic process that satisfies a Markov property and admits a hierarchical format through a network of transition matrices with cascading dependence.

For any  consider the set of spaces . The hierarchical process  defined in the product-space

is said to be a TMC if there is a set of transition probability kernels  such that

is a Markov chain with transition probability matrix

there is a cascading dependence in every level of the hierarchy,
      for all

satisfies a Markov property with a transition kernel that can be written in terms of the 's,

where  and

Markov property
In probability theory and statistics, the term Markov property refers to the memoryless property of a stochastic process, which means that its future evolution is independent of its history. It is named after the Russian mathematician Andrey Markov. The term strong Markov property is similar to the Markov property, except that the meaning of "present" is defined in terms of a random variable known as a stopping time.

The term Markov assumption is used to describe a model where the Markov property is assumed to hold, such as a hidden Markov model.

A Markov random field extends this property to two or more dimensions or to random variables defined for an interconnected network of items. An example of a model for such a field is the Ising model.

A discrete-time stochastic process satisfying the Markov property is known as a Markov chain.
Boyce Ridge
Boyce Ridge is a 4.4-mile (7-km) ridge that extends westward from Taylor Ledge to the head of Nimitz Glacier in Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica. The ridge adjoins the north flank of lower Branscomb Glacier.

The feature was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in 2006 after Joseph Boyce, a retired NASA manager who was instrumental in facilitating the U.S. meteorite program in partnership with NSF and the Smithsonian Institution; a member of the ANSMET teams in the 2004–05, 2008–09, and 2012–13 field seasons.

In 1997, French mountaineer, Jean-Marc Gryzka, was killed in a climbing accident on Boyce Ridge. While descending Boyce Ridge, the sleds used by Gryzka and his climbing partner Bernard Virelaude unexpectedly slipped and dragged them down the slope.  They plummeted over a steep drop on the ridge where at its bottom, Gryzka hit his head on a rock, killing him instantly.  Virelaude landed in snow and was uninjured (1) .

Ellsworth Mountains
The Ellsworth Mountains are the highest mountain ranges in Antarctica, forming a 350 km (217 mi) long and 48 km (30 mi) wide chain of mountains in a north to south configuration on the western margin of the Ronne Ice Shelf in Marie Byrd Land. They are bisected by Minnesota Glacier to form the Sentinel Range to the north and the Heritage Range to the south. The former is by far the higher and more spectacular with Mount Vinson (4,892 meters (16,050 ft)) constituting the highest point on the continent. The mountains are located within the Chilean Antarctic territorial claim but outside of the Argentinian and British ones.
Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society
The Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (AMOS) is an independent learned society that supports and fosters interest in Meteorology, Oceanography and other related sciences. AMOS was founded in April 1987 as a successor to the Australian Branch of the Royal Meteorological Society which at the time had existed for 15 years.

Royal Meteorological Society
The Royal Meteorological Society is an organization that promotes academic and public engagement in weather and climate science. Fellows of the Society must possess relevant qualifications, but Members can be lay enthusiasts. It publishes various journals, including the Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. The chief executive officer is Liz Bentley.
Francisco Antônio de Almeida Júnior
Francisco Antônio de Almeida Júnior (May 4, 1851 – September 12, 1928) was a Brazilian astronomer, engineer and university professor during the latter half of the 19th century. Almeida was part of a commission tasked with calculating the stellar parallax of the Sun during the 1874 transit of Venus. Almeida was an important figure in the development of cinematography and he was the first known Brazilian to visit Japan and publish a book about his sojourn in China and Japan.

Escola Politécnica da UFRJ
The Polytechnic School of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (Portuguese: Escola Politécnica da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), also called "Poli", founded in 1792, is the third oldest engineering school in the world and oldest in the Americas, with the Military Institute of Engineering (Instituto Militar de Engenharia - IME) being one of the first institutions of higher education in Brazil. It is considered one of the best institutions of Latin America in engineering education. It is located in the UFRJ Center of Technology (CT), in the Cidade Universitária ("University City"), Rio de Janeiro.