hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Injective sheaf
In mathematics, injective sheaves of abelian groups are used to construct the resolutions needed to define sheaf cohomology (and other derived functors, such as sheaf Ext).

There is a further group of related concepts applied to sheaves: flabby (flasque in French), fine, soft (mou in French), acyclic. In the history of the subject they were introduced before the 1957 "Tohoku paper" of Alexander Grothendieck, which showed that the abelian category notion of injective object sufficed to found the theory. The other classes of sheaves are historically older notions. The abstract framework for defining cohomology and derived functors does not need them. However, in most concrete situations, resolutions by acyclic sheaves are often easier to construct. Acyclic sheaves therefore serve for computational purposes, for example the Leray spectral sequence.

Grothendieck's Tôhoku paper
The article "Sur quelques points d'algèbre homologique" by Alexander Grothendieck, now often referred to as the Tôhoku paper, was published in 1957 in the Tôhoku Mathematical Journal. It revolutionized the subject of homological algebra, a purely algebraic aspect of algebraic topology. It removed the need to distinguish the cases of modules over a ring and sheaves of abelian groups over a topological space.
Bloordale Village
Bloordale Village is a Business Improvement Area (BIA) located along Bloor Street from Dufferin Street to Lansdowne Avenue, west of downtown in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It sits on the southern border of the Wallace Emerson neighbourhood and the northern border of the Brockton Village neighbourhood. The district is home to various and unique shops including restaurants, bars, vintage and thrift stores.

Bloordale Village should not be confused to a similarly named neighbourhood Bloordale Garden, located in the former city of Etobicoke, Ontario, west of Highway 427, and bounded roughly by Rathburn Road, the Elmcrest Creek, and Dundas St.

Brockton Village
Brockton is a former village, and now a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The neighbourhood comprises part of the historic village of Brockton, which was annexed by the City of Toronto in 1884.

The Village of Brockton was incorporated in 1880 and organized in 1881, with its boundaries extending from Bloor Street in the north to the railway tracks and a line between Wright Avenue and Fern Avenue to the south. The village stretched from Dufferin Street in the east to Sunnyside Avenue in the west. However not all the area became identified as Brockton neighbourhood. The section to the west of Lansdowne has become better known as Roncesvalles.
GAZ Volga
The GAZ Volga (Russian: Волга) is an executive car that originated in the Soviet Union to replace the GAZ Pobeda in 1956. Their role in serving the Soviet nomenklatura made them a contemporary cultural icon. Several generations of the car have been produced.

Despite the continuous modernisations, GAZ found it increasingly difficult to keep the ageing design competitive in a market economy. GAZ CEO Bo Andersson decided to discontinue the Volga range in 2010.

Executive car
Executive car is a British term for a large car, and is considered equivalent to the European E-segment and American full-size classifications. Executive cars are larger than compact executive cars (and the non-luxury equivalent mid-size cars), but smaller than luxury saloons / full-size luxury sedans.

The term has also been adopted by Euro NCAP, a European organization founded to test car safety.
João Goulart
João Belchior Marques Goulart (/ˈʒwaʊn/ ZHWOWN; Brazilian Portuguese: [ʒuˈɐ̃w bewkiˈɔʁ ˈmaʁkiz ɡuˈlaʁ]; 1 March 1919 – 6 December 1976), commonly known as Jango, was a Brazilian politician who served as the president of Brazil from 1961 until a military coup d'état deposed him in 1964. He was considered the last left-wing president of Brazil until Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva took office in 2003.

President of Brazil
The president of Brazil (Portuguese: presidente do Brasil), officially the president of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: presidente da República Federativa do Brasil) or simply the President of the Republic, is the head of state and head of government of Brazil.

The presidential system was established in 1889, upon the proclamation of the republic in a military coup d'état against Emperor Pedro II. Since then, Brazil has had six constitutions, three dictatorships, and three democratic periods. The Constitution of Brazil, along with several constitutional amendments, establishes the requirements, powers, and responsibilities of the president, their term of office and the method of election.

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is the 39th and current president. He was sworn in on 1 January 2023.
Use of child suicide bombers by Palestinian militant groups
As part of the Arab–Israeli conflict, especially during the Second Intifada from 2000 to 2005, Palestinian militant groups used children for suicide bombings. Minors were sometimes used as messengers and couriers, and according to Israeli sources as fighters. The involvement of children in armed conflict was condemned by international human rights organizations. Amnesty International noted, "Palestinian armed groups have repeatedly shown total disregard for... the right to life, by deliberately targeting Israeli civilians and by using Palestinian children in armed attacks," and that, "Children are susceptible to recruitment by manipulation... including a desire to avenge relatives or friends killed by the Israeli army."

Shin Bet
The Israel Security Agency, better known by the acronyms Shabak or Shin Bet, is Israel's internal security and counterintelligence service. Its motto is "Magen v'lo Yera'eh" (Hebrew: מָגֵן וְלֹא יֵרָאֶה, lit. 'the unseen shield'). The Shin Bet's headquarters are located in northwest Tel Aviv, north of Yarkon Park.

It is one of three principal organizations of the Israeli Intelligence Community, alongside Aman (military intelligence) and Mossad (foreign intelligence service).
2011 Edinburgh Sevens
The 2011 Edinburgh Sevens was a rugby union sevens tournament, part of the 2010–11 IRB Sevens World Series. The competition was held from May 28–29 at Murrayfield Stadium in Scotland and featured 16 teams.

2010–11 IRB Sevens World Series
The 2010–11 IRB Sevens World Series was the 12th annual IRB Sevens World Series of rugby union sevens tournaments for full national sides run by the International Rugby Board since 1999–2000.

Sevens is traditionally played in a two-day tournament format. However, the most famous event, the Hong Kong Sevens, was played over three days, largely because it involved 24 teams instead of the normal 16.
Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies
Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies is a manufacturer of hydrogen fuel cells based in Singapore. Founded in 2003, the company manufactures micro-size to multi-kilowatt scale (PEM) proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Additionally, it uses hydrogen storage and production methods, including hydrolysis, electrolysis and steam reforming.

Stationary fuel-cell applications
Stationary fuel-cell applications (or stationary fuel-cell power systems) are applications for fuel cells that are either connected to the electric grid (distributed generation) to provide supplemental power and as emergency power system for critical areas, or installed as a grid-independent generator for on-site service.
Tuhobići
Tuhobići (Cyrillic: Тухобићи) is a village in the municipality of Konjic, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Tuhobići has an estimated terrain elevation above sea level is 1011 metres. Variant forms of spelling for Tuhobići or in other languages: Tuhobić, Tuhobići, Tuhobic, Tuhobici, Tuhobić, Tuhobići.

Konjic
Konjic is a city located in the Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, one of two entities that make up Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in northern Herzegovina, around 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Sarajevo, in a mountainous, heavily wooded area, and is 268 m (879 ft) above sea level. The municipality extends on both sides of the Neretva River. According to the 2013 census, the city of Konjic has a population of 10,732 inhabitants, whereas the municipality has 25,148.

The city is one of the oldest permanent settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina, dating back almost 4,000 years; it arose in its current incarnation in the late 14th century.
Axel Bassani
Axel Bassani (born 24 July 1999) is an Italian motorcycle racer who will compete in the Superbike World Championship aboard a Bimota KB998 with Bimota by Kawasaki Racing Team for the 2025 season.

In 2022 and 2023, Bassani won the trophy for Best Independent rider. He was the FIM Europe Supersport Cup winner in 2016.

Bassani previously raced in the Supersport World Championship and in Moto2.

2015 European Superstock 600 Championship
The 2015 European Superstock 600 Championship was the eleventh season of the European Superstock 600 Championship, a support class to the Superbike World Championship at its European rounds. The championship used 600 cc production motorcycles and was reserved for riders between 15 and 24 years of age. The 2015 season was contested over eight races at seven meetings, beginning at Motorland Aragón on 11 April and ending at Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours on 3 October.

With five victories and a third place in the first six races, Toprak Razgatlıoğlu of Turkey secured the championship title with two races to spare. He led the season's only other winners, Italy's Michael Ruben Rinaldi, by 59 points, Federico Caricasulo – also from Italy – a further 12 points behind in third, and Augusto Fernández from Spain, a further 6 points behind in fourth.
Shahril Alias
Muhammad Shahril bin Mohamad Alias (born 14 May 1984) is a professional football player who plays for the Woodlands Wellington in the S.League.

He is a natural centre-back, though he can also play as a defensive midfielder or a right back.

Hougang United FC
Hougang United Football Club is a professional football club based in Hougang, Singapore. The club competes in the Singapore Premier League, the top tier of Singaporean football. Founded in 1998 as Marine Castle United, the club changed its name to Hougang United in 2011. Nicknamed the Cheetahs, Hougang United has played its home games at Jalan Besar Stadium since its formation.

Currently, the club is playing its home games at the Bishan Stadium, as the Hougang Stadium is undergoing renovation.
Austria–NATO relations
Austria and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) have a close relationship. Austria, Ireland, Cyprus and Malta are the only members of the European Union that are not members of NATO. Austria has had formal relations with NATO since 1995, when it joined the Partnership for Peace programme.

1995 enlargement of the European Union
The 1995 enlargement of the European Union saw Austria, Finland, and Sweden accede to the European Union (EU). This was the EU's fourth enlargement and came into effect on 1 January of that year. It is also known as the EFTA Enlargement round. All these states were previous members of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and had traditionally been less interested in joining the EU than other European countries. Norway had negotiated to join alongside the other three, but following the signing of the treaty, membership was turned down by the Norwegian electorate in the 1994 national referendum. Switzerland also applied for membership on 26 May 1992, but withdrew it after a negative referendum result on 6 December 1992 (and that was not changed after a second negative referendum result on 4 March 2001).
Wilfred (American TV series) season 3
The third season of Wilfred premiered on FX on June 20, 2013. The third season consisted of 13 episodes. The series is based on the original Australian series, Wilfred, and stars Elijah Wood, Jason Gann, Fiona Gubelmann and Dorian Brown.

Wilfred (American TV series)
Wilfred is an American sitcom that aired from June 23, 2011, to August 13, 2014, for a total of four seasons. Based on the Australian SBS One series of the same name, it stars Elijah Wood and series co-creator Jason Gann, reprising his role of the eponymous dog. The series was adapted for the American television channel FX by Family Guy veteran David Zuckerman, and moved to FXX for its fourth and final season.
Magnolia Beach, Texas
Magnolia Beach is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Calhoun County, Texas, United States. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 217. It is located along the waterfront of Lavaca Bay, southeast of Alamo Beach. The community is part of the Victoria, Texas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Victoria, Texas
Victoria is a city in and the county seat of Victoria County, Texas, United States. The population was 65,534 as of the 2020 census. The three counties of the Victoria Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 111,163 as of the 2000 census. Its elevation is 95 ft (29 m).

Victoria is located 30 miles inland from the Gulf of Mexico. It is a two-hour drive from Corpus Christi, Houston, San Antonio, and Austin.

The city is named for General Guadalupe Victoria, who became the first president of independent Mexico.  It is the cathedral city of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Victoria in Texas.
Huarmaripayoc
Huarmaripayoc (possibly from Quechua wamanripa Senecio, -yuq a suffix) is a mountain in the Urubamba mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 m (16,404 ft) high. It is located in the Cusco Region, Urubamba Province, Ollantaytambo District. It lies southwest of Patacancha and northwest of Salcayoc.

Salcayoc
Salcayoc (possibly from Quechua sallqa wild, -yuq a suffix) is a 4,838-metre-high (15,873 ft) mountain in the Urubamba mountain range in the Andes of Peru. It is located in the Cusco Region, Urubamba Province, Ollantaytambo District.
Principle of least privilege
In information security, computer science, and other fields, the Principle of Least Privilege (PoLP), also known as the Principle of Minimal Privilege (PoMP) or the Principle of Least Authority (PoLA), requires that in a particular abstraction layer of a computing environment, every module (such as a process, a user, or a program, depending on the subject) must be able to access only the information and resources that are necessary for its legitimate purpose.

Setuid
In Unix-like systems, the access rights flags setuid and setgid (short for set user identity and set group identity) allow users to run an executable with the file system permissions of the executable's owner or group respectively and to change behaviour in directories. They are often used to allow users on a computer system to run programs with temporarily elevated privileges to perform a specific task. While the assumed user id or group id privileges provided are not always elevated, at a minimum they are specific.

The flags setuid and setgid are needed for tasks that require different privileges than what the user is normally granted, such as the ability to alter system files or databases to change their login password. Some of the tasks that require additional privileges may not immediately be obvious, though, such as the ping command, which must send and listen for control packets on a network interface.
1995–96 Azadegan League
The 1995–96 Azadegan League was the fifth season of the Azadegan League, the top-level league of professional football in Iran at the time, that was won by Persepolis.

Mohammad Momeni (Poli Ekril Isfahan) was the top scorer with 19 goals.

Sanat Naft Abadan F.C.
Sanat Naft Abadan Football Club (Persian: مؤسسه فرهنگى ورزشى صنعت نفت آبادان, Bāshgāh-e Futbāl-e San'at Naft-e Ābādān) is an Iranian football club based in Abadan, Iran. They currently play in the Azadegan League after being relegated from the Persian Gulf Pro League in the 2023–2024 season. The team is sponsored by Iran's national petroleum industry and is part of the sports club Sanat Naft Athletic Club. Sanat Naft has a reserve team, Sanat Naft Novin who currently compete in the 2nd Division.

Despite their lack of success in past years, they are supported by the people of Abadan.
Style of the French sovereign
The precise style of French sovereigns varied over the years. Currently, there is no French sovereign; three distinct traditions (the Legitimist, the Orleanist, and the Bonapartist) exist, each claiming different forms of title.

The three styles laid claim to by pretenders to the French throne are:

Legitimist: "Most high, most potent and most excellent Prince, X, by the Grace of God, King of France and of Navarre, Most Christian Majesty." (Très haut, très puissant et très excellent Prince, X, par la grâce de Dieu, Roi de France et de Navarre, Roi Très-chrétien)

Orleanist: "X, by the Grace of God and by the constitutional law of the State, King of the French." (X, par la grâce de Dieu et par la loi constitutionnelle de l'État, Roi des Français)

Bonapartist: "X, By the Grace of God and the Constitutions of the Republic, Emperor of the French." (X, par la grâce de Dieu et les Constitutions de la République, Empereur des Français.)

Claude of France
Claude of France (13 October 1499 – 26 July 1524) was Queen of France from 1 January 1515 as the wife of King Francis I and Duchess of Brittany in her own right from 9 January 1514 until her death in 1524. She was the eldest daughter of King Louis XII of France and Duchess Anne of Brittany.
Caprettia lichexanthotricha
Caprettia lichexanthotricha is a species of lichen in the family Monoblastiaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2021 by lichenologists André Aptroot and Maria Fernanda de Souza. The type specimen was collected by the authors from Tagaçaba (Guaraqueçaba, Paraná); here the lichen was found growing on tree bark. It has a dull, pale greenish-grey thallus that covers an area up to 10 cm (4 in). The photobiont partner of the lichen is trentepohloid, and in some parts of the thallus the resident algae partly escape and become filamentous. The thallus fluoresces a patchy yellow when shone with a UV light, due to the presence of lichexanthone, a secondary chemical for which the lichen is named. Caprettia lichexanthotricha is the only species in genus Caprettia that has lichexanthone.

Monoblastiaceae
The Monoblastiaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the monotypic order Monoblastiales. It contains six genera. These lichens typically form inconspicuous thin crusts or films on bark, rock, or leaves, often appearing as little more than a whitish or greyish discolouration of the surface. They reproduce through tiny black flask-shaped structures embedded in the crust that release spores through small pores at their tips. The family includes about 120 species distributed worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions where they grow in humid environments.
Naoya Hatakeyama
Naoya Hatakeyama (畠山 直哉, Hatakeyama Naoya, born 1958) is a Japanese photographer. His work explores human intervention with the landscape and natural materials, including the life of cities and the built environment.

Rencontres d'Arles
The Rencontres d'Arles (formerly called Rencontres internationales de la photographie d'Arles) is an annual summer photography festival founded in 1970 by the Arles photographer Lucien Clergue, the writer Michel Tournier and the historian Jean-Maurice Rouquette.

In 2015, the festival welcomed 93,000 visitors. In 2016, the 100,000 visitor mark was reached. In recent years the Rencontres d'Arles has invited many guest curators and entrusted some of its programming to figures such as Martin Parr in 2004, Raymond Depardon in 2006, the Arles-born fashion designer Christian Lacroix in 2008 and Nan Goldin in 2009.
Nanhai Experimental High School
Nanhai Experimental High School, the Affiliated High School of South China Normal University (simplified Chinese: 华南师范大学附属中学南海实验高级中学; traditional Chinese: 華南師範大學附屬中學南海實驗高級中學; pinyin: huánán shīfàn dàxué fùshǔ zhōngxué nánhǎi shíyàn gāojí zhōngxué; French: Lycée Expérimental de Nanhai, École secondaire affiliée à l'Université Normale de la Chine du Sud) is a campus in Nanhai District of the Affiliated High School of South China Normal University. It is a Chinese public School located in the Nanhai District of Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China. There is some evidence that there has been a school founded by Andrew Patton Happer on the site since 1888, but the Affiliated High School of South China Normal University of today was officially founded by the Chinese government in 1952.

Affiliated High School of South China Normal University
The Affiliated High School of South China Normal University, or Hua Shi Fu Zhong (HSFZ; simplified Chinese: 华南师范大学附属中学; traditional Chinese: 華南師范大學附屬中學; pinyin: Huánán shīfàn dàxué Fùshǔ Zhōngxué) is a high school in Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. It is a key provincial high school directly under the Department of Education of Guangdong Province and SCNU. The school is among the first schools designated as "the A-Class School" by the Provincial Education Bureau. In a 2016 ranking of Chinese high schools that send students to study in American universities, it ranked number 21 in mainland China in terms of the number of students entering top American universities.

If unspecified, HSFZ refers to its main campus in Gangding, Tianhe District, Guangzhou. It also has three other campuses, including two in Guangzhou, one in Foshan and one in Shanwei. The main campus is a provincial public school, while the other campuses are private schools.
Hesters Store, North Carolina
Hesters Store is an unincorporated community in Person County, North Carolina,  United States. It lies at the intersection of Gordonton Road(State Road 1102) with Hesters Store Road (State Road 1162) and Wilson Road (State Road 1162). The community derives its name from a country store that stood near the intersection for more than a century.  In 1994, the most recent country store structure was converted into a fire station, the Hesters Store station of the Hurdle Mills Volunteer Fire Department.

Neighboring North Carolina communities and municipalities include: Bushy Fork, Hurdle Mills, Gordonton, Roxboro, Leasburg, Yanceyville, Prospect Hill.

Leasburg, North Carolina
Leasburg is an unincorporated community in and the former county seat of Caswell County, North Carolina,  United States. The community has a partial presence in Person County. It was named in honor of longtime resident William Lea and is located along US 158 and NC 119 near Hyco Lake.

Leasburg is also the name of a Caswell County township. The township's population was 1,168 at the 2020 census.
Campylocarpon
Campylocarpon is a genus of ascomycete fungi in the family Nectriaceae. The genus was described in 2004. The two species in the genus, C. fasciculare and C. pseudofasciculare, are associated with black foot disease of grapevines, in which the roots develop black, sunken, necrotic lesions.

Campylocarpon pseudofasciculare
Campylocarpon pseudofasciculare is a species of parasitic fungus in the family Nectriaceae. Described as new to science in 2004, it is one of several pathogens associated with black foot disease in grape.