hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linda Preiss Rothschild
Linda Preiss Rothschild (née Preiss; born February 28, 1945) is a professor emeritus of mathematics at the University of California, San Diego. Her thesis research concerned Lie groups, but subsequently her interests broadened to include also polynomial factorization, partial differential equations, harmonic analysis, and the theory of several complex variables.

Association for Women in Mathematics
The Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM) is a professional society whose mission is to encourage women and girls to study and to have active careers in the mathematical sciences, and to promote equal opportunity for and the equal treatment of women and girls in the mathematical sciences. The AWM was founded in 1971 and incorporated in the state of Massachusetts.  AWM has approximately 5200 members, including over 250 institutional members, such as colleges, universities, institutes, and mathematical societies.  It offers numerous programs and workshops to mentor women and girls in the mathematical sciences.  Much of AWM's work is supported through federal grants.
Merry Christmas One and All!
Merry Christmas One and All! was the thirteenth concert tour by American singer Mariah Carey. Spanning 16 dates in the United States and in Canada, it began on November 15, 2023, in Highland, California, and concluded on December 17, 2023, in New York City. It followed Merry Christmas to All!, a December 2022 concert series that consisted of four arena shows and marked Carey's return to touring following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town
"Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town" is a Christmas song written by J. Fred Coots and Haven Gillespie, and first recorded by Harry Reser and His Orchestra. When it was covered by Eddie Cantor on his radio show in November 1934 it became a hit; within 24 hours, 500,000 copies of sheet music and more than 30,000 records were sold. The version for Bluebird Records by George Hall and His Orchestra (vocal by Sonny Schuyler) was very popular in 1934 and reached the various charts of the day. The song has been recorded by over 200 artists including Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters, Frank Sinatra, the Crystals, Neil Diamond, Fred Astaire, Bruce Springsteen, the Temptations, The Pointer Sisters, Mariah Carey,  Kylie Minogue, the Carpenters, the Jackson 5, Michael Bublé, Luis Miguel, Michael Bolton, Justin Bieber, Dolly Parton, Lady Gaga and Laufey.
Kleiner Solstein
The Kleiner Solstein is a mountain, 2,637 m (AA) high, in the  Nordkette in the  Karwendel Alps in the Austrian state of Tyrol. Despite its name ("Small Solstein") it towers above its western neighbour, the Großer Solstein ("Great Solstein") (2,541 m (AA)) by almost 100 m (330 ft) and is thus the highest summit in the Nordkette. The southern side of the Kleiner Solstein facing the Inn valley is characterised by schrofen and steep-sided cirques. To the north it plummets in a rock face up to 600 m (2,000 ft) high towards the valley of Großkristental, which runs from the Gleirsch valley in a southwesterly direction to the Erl Saddle.

Karwendel
The Karwendel is the largest mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps. It is located on the Austria–Germany border. The major part belongs to the Austrian federal state of Tyrol, while the adjacent area in the north is part of Bavaria, Germany. Four chains stretch from west to east; in addition, there are a number of fringe ranges and an extensive promontory (Vorkarwendel) in the north.
Ocean View, Cape Town
Ocean View, Cape Town, was established between 1960 and 1970, as a township for coloured people who had been forcibly removed from the neighbouring so called "white areas",  such as Simon's Town, Noordhoek, Fish Hoek, and Glencairn, by the apartheid government under the Group Areas Act of 1950. Originally called "Slangkop", the area was later renamed Ocean View by the unwilling residents who recalled their seized seaside residences.

Ocean View is located between the community of Kommetjie to the west, and Immhof's Gift and Masiphumelele to the east of the town

The residents of Ocean View make up a diverse and historical community, with many of the families tracing their roots back to the indentured labourers and slaves brought to the Cape by the Dutch in the early days of colonialism in the Cape.

Fish Hoek
Fish Hoek (Afrikaans: Vishoek, meaning either Fish Corner or Fish Glen) is a coastal suburb of Cape Town at the eastern end of the Fish Hoek Valley on the False Bay side of the Cape Peninsula in the Western Cape, South Africa. Previously a separate municipality, Fish Hoek is now part of the City of Cape Town.
Korsh Theatre
The Russian Drama Korsh Theatre (Russian: Русский драматический театр Корша), commonly known as the Korsh Theatre, was a theatre which functioned in Moscow, Imperial Russia from 1882 until 1917. It was named after its founder, entrepreneur Fyodor Korsh.

After the 1917 Revolution it carried on for several years under different guises, known variously as the Union of Artists, The Third RSFSR Theatre, The Comedy Theatre (Former Korsh), and finally the Moscow Drama Theatre, before being finally shut down in 1933. The building, situated on Petrovsky Lane, is now occupied by the Theatre of Nations.

Moscow Art Theatre
The Moscow Art Theatre (or MAT; Russian: Московский Художественный академический театр (МХАТ), Moskovskiy Hudojestvenny Akademicheskiy Teatr (MHAT)) was a theatre company in Moscow. It was founded in 1898 (1898) by the seminal Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski, together with the playwright and director Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. It was conceived as a venue for naturalistic theatre, in contrast to the melodramas that were Russia's dominant form of theatre at the time. The theatre, the first to regularly put on shows implementing Stanislavski's system, proved hugely influential in the acting world and in the development of modern American theatre and drama.

It was officially renamed the Gorky Moscow Art Theatre in 1932. In 1987, the theatre split into two troupes, the Moscow Gorky Academic Art Theatre and the Moscow Chekhov Art Theatre.
2015 Fukuoka International Women's Cup
The 2015 Fukuoka International Women's Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the fifteenth edition of the tournament and part of the 2015 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money. It took place in Fukuoka, Japan, on 4–10 May 2015.

2015 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2015 ITF Women's Circuit is the 2015 edition of the second tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
New St Leonard's Church, Langho
New St Leonard's Church is in Whalley New Road, between the villages of Langho and Billington in Lancashire, England.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Whalley, the archdeaconry of Blackburn, and the diocese of Blackburn.

Diocese of Blackburn
The diocese of Blackburn is diocese of the Church of England in North West England. Its boundaries correspond to northern Lancashire. The diocese contains 211 parishes and 280 churches. Blackburn Cathedral is the seat of the bishop of Blackburn, currently Philip North, and the diocesan offices are also located in Blackburn.

What is now the diocese of Blackburn was historically part of the diocese of York. It became part of the newly created diocese of Chester in 1541, and part of the diocese of Manchester when it was created in 1847. The diocese of Blackburn was in turn established on 12 November 1926 from the northern part of Manchester.
Kampong Java
Kampong Java is a subzone within the planning area of Kallang, Singapore, as defined by the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA). It is bounded by the Central Expressway (CTE) in the west; Balestier Road in the north; Tessensohn Road, Race Course Road, Gloucester Road, Northumberland Road and Tekka Lane in the east; and Bukit Timah Road in the south.

Central Expressway, Singapore
The Central Expressway (CTE) in Singapore is the major highway connecting the city centre of Singapore with the northern residential parts of the island, including Toa Payoh, Bishan and Ang Mo Kio and further onwards to the Seletar Expressway and the Tampines Expressway.

As of 29 December 2013, SLE and CTE are one of the two pairs of expressways in Singapore which are linked together, the other being the KPE and MCE.
Williams Pond
Williams Pond (77°32′S 160°58′E﻿ / ﻿77.533°S 160.967°E﻿ / -77.533; 160.967) is a pond 0.4 miles (0.64 km) north of the east end of Hoffman Ledge, within the Labyrinth of Wright Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys. The basin is named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2004) after M.W. (Max) Williams of Hamilton, New Zealand, a driller and supervisor with the New Zealand drilling team which was on site for the Murdo Dry Valleys Drilling Project from 1973 through 1976.

Labyrinth (Antarctica)
The Labyrinth (77°33′S 160°48′E﻿ / ﻿77.550°S 160.800°E﻿ / -77.550; 160.800﻿ (Labyrinth)) is an extensive flat upland area which has been deeply eroded, at the west end of Wright Valley, in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was so named by the Victoria University of Wellington Antarctic Expedition (VUWAE) (1958–59) because the eroded dolerite of which it is formed gives an appearance of a labyrinth.
Stein River
The Stein River is a tributary of the Fraser River in the Canadian province of British Columbia.

The name is derived from the Nlaka'pamux word Stagyn, meaning "hidden place", referring to the fact that the size and extent of the Stein River valley is not very noticeable from the river's confluence with the Fraser.

It is one of only 2 unlogged watersheds with an area greater than 50 km south of Prince George, BC.

Fraser River
The Fraser River (/ˈfreɪzər/) is the longest river within British Columbia, Canada, rising at Fraser Pass near Blackrock Mountain in the Rocky Mountains and flowing for 1,375 kilometres (854 mi), into the Strait of Georgia just south of the City of Vancouver. The river's annual discharge at its mouth is 112 cubic kilometres (27 mi3) or 3,550 cubic metres per second (125,000 cu ft/s), and each year, it discharges about 20 million tons of sediment into the ocean.
Liberty Township, Howard County, Indiana
Liberty Township is one of eleven townships in Howard County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 4,737, down from 4,862 in 2010. Liberty Township hosts the Howard County fair each year in July in Greentown, which is the second biggest town in Howard County, and third biggest in the Kokomo Metropolitan Area after only Kokomo, and Tipton.

Kokomo metropolitan area, Indiana
The Kokomo Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of Howard County in Indiana. Howard County had a population estimate of 83,831 in 2023. Kokomo is also the principal city of the area known as North Central Indiana, the area around Kokomo with economic ties.  The six county area including Cass, Clinton, Fulton, Howard, Miami, and Tipton counties had population of 228,331 people in 2010.
Fluorescence image-guided surgery
Fluorescence guided surgery (FGS), also called fluorescence image-guided surgery, or in the specific case of tumor resection, fluorescence guided resection, is a medical imaging technique used to detect fluorescently labelled structures during surgery. Similarly to standard image-guided surgery, FGS has the purpose of guiding the surgical procedure and providing the surgeon of real time visualization of the operating field. When compared to other medical imaging modalities, FGS is cheaper and superior in terms of resolution and number of molecules detectable. As a drawback, penetration depth is usually very poor (100 μm) in the visible wavelengths, but it can reach up to 1–2 cm when excitation wavelengths in the near infrared are used.

Endoscopy
An endoscopy is a procedure used in medicine to look inside the body. The endoscopy procedure uses an endoscope to examine the interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body. Unlike many other medical imaging techniques, endoscopes are inserted directly into the organ.

There are many types of endoscopies. Depending on the site in the body and type of procedure, an endoscopy may be performed by a doctor or a surgeon. During the procedure, a patient may be fully conscious or anaesthetised. Most often, the term endoscopy is used to refer to an examination of the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract, known as an esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Similar instruments are called borescopes for nonmedical use.
Petrary
Petrary (from Greek petra "stone") is a generic term for medieval stone-throwing siege engines such as mangonels and trebuchets,  used to hurl large rocks against the walls of the besieged city, in an attempt to break down the wall and create an entry point. Catapult, trebuchet, and mangonel are all types of petrary, but ballista-style armaments, which shoot bolts or arrows, would not fit into this category.

Petraries are sometimes considered smaller versions of mangonels. In 1159, Frederick Barbarossa, the Holy Roman Emperor, distinguished between petraries, which were small artillery, and mangonels, which were large artillery. The opposite is also true and sometimes the petrary is considered the more powerful weapon, whereas mangonels were the smaller artillery, as was the case in 1185 when the French set up light "Turkish mangonels" and heavy petraries and 1195 when Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut laid siege to Huy.

Mangonel
The mangonel, also called the traction trebuchet, was a type of trebuchet used in Ancient China starting from the Warring States period, and later across Eurasia by the 6th century AD. Unlike the later counterweight trebuchet, the mangonel was operated by people pulling ropes attached to one end of a lever, the other end of which had a sling to launch projectiles.

Although the mangonel required more men to function, it was also less complex and faster to reload than the torsion-powered onager which it replaced in early Medieval Europe. It was replaced as the primary siege weapon in the 12th and 13th centuries by the counterweight trebuchet. A common misconception about the mangonel is that it was a torsion siege engine.
ISO 3166-2:SY
ISO 3166-2:SY is the entry for Syria in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Syria, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for 14 provinces.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is SY, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Syria. The second part is two letters.

ISO 3166-1 alpha-2
ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are two-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), to represent countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. They are the most widely used of the country codes published by ISO (the others being alpha-3 and numeric), and are used most prominently for the Internet's country code top-level domains (with a few exceptions). They were first included as part of the ISO 3166 standard in its first edition in 1974.
Sikorsky S-70
The Sikorsky S-70 is an American medium transport/utility helicopter family manufactured by Sikorsky Aircraft. It was developed for the United States Army in the 1970s, winning a competition to be designated the UH-60 Black Hawk and spawning a large family in U.S. military service.  New and improved versions of the UH-60 have been developed since.  Civilian versions, and some military versions, are produced under various S-70 model designations.

Marine One
Marine One is the call sign of any United States Marine Corps aircraft carrying the president of the United States. As of 2024, it is most frequently applied to a presidential transport helicopter operated by Marine Helicopter Squadron One (HMX-1) "Nighthawks", most commonly as the VH-3D Sea King, or less frequently as the newer VH-92A Patriot and smaller VH-60N "White Hawk". Both helicopters are called "White Tops" because of their livery. Any Marine Corps aircraft carrying the vice president of the United States without the president has the call sign Marine Two.
2013 European Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships
The 2013 European Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships took place in Bourg-Saint-Maurice, France from 31 July to 4 August 2013 under the auspices of the European Canoe Association (ECA). It was the 15th edition of the competition for Juniors (U18) and the 11th edition for the Under 23 category. A total of 19 medal events took place. No medals were awarded for the junior women's C1 team event due to low number of participating countries.

European Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships
The European Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships is an annual international canoeing and kayaking event organized by the European Canoe Association (ECA). The Junior Championships were first held in 1995 and then every two years until 2003. The Under-23 Championships were first held in 2002 as part of the senior championships that year. Since 2004 the junior and U23 age categories are held annually together as part of the same event. Athletes under the age of 18 are eligible for the junior category.
Nagasaki Tunnel
Nagasaki Tunnel (長崎トンネル, Nagasaki tonneru) is a tunnel on JR Nagasaki Main Line that runs from Genkawa Station to Urakami Station in Nagasaki city, Nagasaki prefecture with total length of 6.173 km. It was built and completed in 1972.

Urakami Station
Urakami Station (浦上駅, Urakami-eki) is a railway station in Kawaguchi-chō, Nagasaki, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu and is on the Nagasaki Main Line. It is the station where the old line and new line sections of the Nagasaki Line intersect. In front of the station is the Urakami Ekimae stop on the Nagasaki Electric Tramway.
Zykaite
Zykaite or zýkaite is a grey-white mineral consisting of arsenic, hydrogen, iron, sulfur and oxygen with formula: Fe3+4(AsO4)3(SO4)(OH)·15(H2O). This dull mineral is very soft with a Mohs hardness of only 2 and a specific gravity of 2.5. It is translucent and crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system.

It is in the Sanjuanite-Destinezite mineral group, containing group members Destinezite, Sanjuanite, and Sarmientite.

Its common associates include limonite, gypsum, scorodite, quartz and arsenopyrite. It is found in the Czech Republic, New Zealand, Poland and Germany.

Zykaite was first described in 1978 for an occurrence in the Safary mine, Kutná Hora, Bohemia, Czech Republic and named in honour of Vaclav Zyka (born 1926), a Czech geochemist.

Scorodite
Scorodite is a common hydrated iron arsenate mineral, with the chemical formula FeAsO4·2H2O. It is found in hydrothermal deposits and as a secondary mineral in gossans worldwide. Scorodite weathers to limonite.

Scorodite was discovered in Schwarzenberg, Saxony, Germany. Named from the Greek Scorodion, "garlicky". When heated it smells of garlic, which gives it the name.
George Joye
George Joye (also Joy and Jaye) (c. 1495 – 1553) was a 16th-century Bible translator who produced the first printed translation of several books of the Old Testament into English (1530–1534), as well as the first English Primer (1529).

Stephen Gardiner
Stephen Gardiner (27 July 1483 – 12 November 1555) was an English Catholic bishop and politician during the English Reformation period who served as Lord Chancellor during the reign of Queen Mary I.

Skilled in canon law, he had a significant career as a civil servant and diplomat, being brought to King Henry VIII's attention when working for Cardinal Wolsey, then serving as the king's Secretary.  As a bishop, he was the most important religious conservative to retain his diocese during the later reign of Henry, supporting the king's claim as Supreme Governor of the Church of England.  He spent most of the reign of Edward VI in prison, but was restored by Mary I of England, in whose reign he died.
Bruška massacre
The Bruška massacre took place on 21 December 1991 in Bruška, a small village near the Croatian town of Benkovac when Serbian paramilitaries executed 10 civilians in the hamlet of Marinovići. Nine were members of the Marinović family and one was a Serb neighbor. They were led out of the house after playing cards and shot on the spot by members of a paramilitary group called "Knindže". The paramilitary group was commanded by Dragan Vasiljković, who was indicted by the Croatian Ministry of Justice. Vasiljković was arrested in Australia in 2006 and extradited to Croatia in 2015.

Dragan Vasiljković
Dragan Vasiljković (Serbian Cyrillic: Драган Васиљковић; born 12 December 1954), nicknamed Captain Dragan (Serbian: Капетан Драган, romanized: Kapetan Dragan) is a convicted war criminal and former commander of a Serb paramilitary unit called the Kninjas during the Yugoslav Wars. In 2005, prosecutors in Croatia accused him of committing alleged war crimes during the wars. A warrant for his arrest was subsequently issued by Interpol.

He was arrested in Australia in January 2006, and ordered to prison by the High Court of Australia in anticipation for extradition to Croatia to face prosecution for his alleged crimes. He was extradited to Croatia on 8 July 2015 after losing his thirteenth appeal and sentenced to 15 years in prison on 26 September 2017 by the County Court in the city of Split. Dragan was released from prison in March 2020 after serving his sentence.
Peter Nahlin
Jan Erik Peter Nahlin (born 1 May 1968 in Eskilstuna) is a Swedish former Motorcycle speedway rider who became the 1988 World Under-21 Champion. He earned 32 caps for the Sweden national speedway team.

1991 Speedway World Team Cup
The 1991 Speedway World Team Cup was the 32nd edition of the FIM Speedway World Team Cup to determine the team world champions.

The final was staged at Vojens Speedway Center, Denmark and the host nation Denmark won a ninth title, once again drawing level with England's record. It was also Hans Nielsen's ninth gold medal having taken part in all of Denmark's title wins from 1978 until 1991.
Arogyavani
Arogyavani is an initiative first conceptualized and implemented by the Government of Karnataka. It is a toll-free health helpline number (Dial to 104) functioning 24/7 hrs for the convenience of general public. Arogyavani Health Information Helpline provides  medical advice, health related schemes launched by various governments, and health counseling services.

Government of Karnataka
The Government of Karnataka, abbreviated as GoK or GoKA, formerly known as  Government of Mysore (1956–1974), is a democratically elected state body with the governor as the ceremonial head to govern the Southwest Indian state of Karnataka. The governor who is appointed for five years appoints the chief minister and on the advice of the chief minister appoints their council of ministers. Even though the governor remains the ceremonial head of the state, the day-to-day running of the government is taken care of by the chief minister and their council of ministers in whom a great amount of legislative powers are vested.