hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Heaton's Crossroads
Heaton's Crossroads, also known as the Purcellville Wagon Raid, was an American Civil War skirmish that took place between Federal cavalry under Brig. Gen. Alfred N. Duffié and Confederate infantry under Maj. Gen. John C. Breckinridge on July 16, 1864, near present-day Purcellville, Virginia in Loudoun County as part of the Valley Campaigns of 1864. The action was tactically inconclusive.

Valley campaigns of 1864
The Valley campaigns of 1864 began as operations initiated by Union  Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant and resulting battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia during the American Civil War from May to October 1864. Some military historians divide this period into three separate campaigns. This article considers them together, as the campaigns interacted and built upon one another.
Pamekasan Regency
Pamekasan Regency (Madurese: Kabhupatèn Mekkasân) is a regency (kabupaten) of the province of East Java, Indonesia. It is located on Madura Island approximately 120 kilometres (75 mi) east of Surabaya, the provincial capital. The regency covers an area of 792.30 square kilometres (305.91 sq mi), and at the 2010 census it had a population of 795,918 (an increase from 689,225 at the previous census in 2000); at the 2020 census the total was 850,057 and the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 904,965 – comprising 442,986 males and 461,979 females. The administrative capital is the town of Pamekasan.

Madura
Madura is an Indonesian island off the northeastern coast of Java. The island has an area of about 4,471.05 square kilometres (1,726.28 mi2), but administratively Madura comprises an area of around 5,408.45 square kilometres (2,088.21 mi2) due to the inclusion of various smaller islands to the east, southeast and north that are part of Madura's easternmost Sumenep Regency. Madura is part of the province of East Java. It is separated from Java by the narrow Madura Strait. The administered area had a density of 773 people per km2 (2,003 per sq. mile) in mid-2024, while the main island had a somewhat higher figure of 862.3 per km2 (2,233 per sq. mile).
Saint-Louis Parish
Saint-Louis (originally Palmerston) is a geographic parish in Kent County, New Brunswick, Canada.

For governance purposes it is divided between the town of Beaurivage and the Kent rural district, both of which are members of the Kent Regional Service Commission. The rural district areas are Kouchibouguac National Park in the east and the western end of the parish.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, the parish was divided between the local service districts of Saint-Ignace and the parish of Saint-Louis, which included an area with amended services named Canisto Road.

Saint-Ignace, New Brunswick
Saint-Ignace is a settlement in Kent County, New Brunswick, Canada on the Kouchibouguacis River. It was part of the former local service district of Saint-Ignace, which also included the community of Camerons Mill.
Newcastle-under-Lyme Rural District
Newcastle-under-Lyme Rural District was a rural district in the county of Staffordshire. It was formed in 1894 with the civil parishes of Ashley, Audley Rural, Balterley, Betley, Chapel and Hill Chorlton, Clayton, Keele, Madeley, Maer, Mucklestone, Tyrley and Whitmore. It was abolished in 1974, by virtue of the Local Government Act 1972, when it was absorbed into the Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme.

Betley
Betley is a village and civil parish in the borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme in Staffordshire, England, about halfway between the town of Newcastle-under-Lyme and Nantwich. Betley forms a continual linear settlement with Wrinehill.
RMC Paladins men's ice hockey
The RMC Paladins men's ice hockey team is an ice hockey team representing the Royal Military College Paladins athletics program of Royal Military College of Canada. The team is a member of the Ontario University Athletics conference and compete in U Sports. The Paladins play their home games at the Constantine Arena in Kingston, Ontario.

Royal Military College of Canada
The Royal Military College of Canada (French: Collège militaire royal du Canada), abbreviated in English as RMC and in French as CMR, is a military academy and, since 1959, a degree-granting university of the Canadian Armed Forces. It was established in 1874 and conducted its first classes on June 1, 1876. Programs are offered at the undergraduate and graduate levels, both on campus as well as through the college's distance learning program via the Division of Continuing Studies.

Located on Point Frederick, a 41-hectare (101-acre) peninsula in Kingston, Ontario, the college is a mix of historic buildings and more modern academic, athletic, and dormitory facilities. RMC officer cadets are trained in what are known as the "four pillars": academics, officership, athletics, and bilingualism.
2015 Women's Indoor Hockey World Cup
The 2015 Women's Indoor Hockey World Cup was the fourth edition of this tournament. It was played on 4–8 February 2015 in Leipzig, Germany.

The Netherlands defeated Germany after penalties in the final to win their second title.

Women's FIH Indoor Hockey World Cup
The Women's Indoor Hockey World Cup is an international indoor field hockey competition organised by the International Hockey Federation (FIH). The tournament was first held in 2003 and it is held every four years.
Human Rights Accountability Global Initiative
The Human Rights Accountability Global Initiative Foundation (HRAGI or HRAGIF) is a Washington, D.C.–based lobby group, nominally focused on restoring American adoption of Russian children. It is being investigated as part of the 2017 Special Counsel investigation. It is reportedly defunct.

Magnitsky Act
The Magnitsky Act, formally the Russia and Moldova Jackson–Vanik Repeal and Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act of 2012, is a bipartisan U.S. federal law enacted in 2012. It imposes sanctions on Russian officials deemed responsible for the death of Russian tax lawyer Sergei Magnitsky in a Moscow prison in 2009. The act also repealed the Jackson–Vanik amendment, granting permanent normal trade relations status to Russia and Moldova. It was signed into law by President Barack Obama on December 14, 2012.

The Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act, enacted in 2016 as part of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, extends the original act's framework to sanction foreign officials worldwide for human rights violations or significant corruption, authorizing asset freezes and U.S. entry bans.
Central West Senior Hockey League
The Central West Senior Hockey League (CWSHL) is a senior ice hockey league in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.  The league competed for the Herder Memorial Trophy and its teams declared themselves eligible for the Allan Cup.

Allan Cup
The Allan Cup is the trophy awarded annually to the senior ice hockey champions of Canada. It was donated by Sir Montagu Allan of Ravenscrag, Montreal, and has been competed for since 1909. It was most recently won by the Wentworth Gryphins in 2025.
1965 California League season
The 1965 California League was a Class A baseball season played between April 18 and September 6. Six teams played a 140-game schedule, as the winner of each half of the season qualified for the California League championship round.

The Stockton Ports won the California League championship, as they defeated the San Jose Bees in the final round of the playoffs.

San Jose Giants
The San Jose Giants are a Minor League Baseball team of the California League and the Single-A affiliate of the San Francisco Giants. Located in San Jose, California, the Giants play their home games at Excite Ballpark.
9th Canadian Film Awards
The 9th Canadian Film Awards were held on June 15, 1957 to honour achievements in Canadian film. The ceremony was hosted by Leonard Brockington, the founding Chairman of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.

For some time, members of the filmmaking community had been dissatisfied with the administration and structure of the awards. While its management had taken steps to resolve some of the issues, the poor technical quality of the ceremony itself led to media criticism which, many felt, was harming the industry. It was therefore decided that no awards would be presented in the traditional film categories; instead, two amateur awards were presented, and special awards were given to individuals and organizations who had been chosen through a nomination process.

F. R. Crawley
Frank Radford "Budge" Crawley, OC (November 14, 1911 – May 13, 1987) was a Canadian film producer, cinematographer and director. Along with his wife Judith Crawley, he co-founded the production company Crawley Films in 1939.

Crawley is best known for producing the Academy Award-winning documentary The Man Who Skied Down Everest. During his 40-year career, he produced hundreds of films. Film historian Peter Morris described Crawley as "the Godfather of Canadian film and Canada's answer to Sam Goldwyn."
2024–25 Florida A&M Rattlers basketball team
The 2024–25 Florida A&M Rattlers basketball team represented Florida A&M University during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Rattlers, led by first-year head coach Patrick Crarey II, played their home games at the Al Lawson Center in Tallahassee, Florida as members of the Southwestern Athletic Conference.

Patrick Crarey II
Patrick E. Crarey II (born October 8, 1983) is an American basketball coach who is the current head coach of the Grambling State Tigers men's basketball team. He previously coached for the La Sierra Golden Eagles, at Takoma Academy, for the Washington Adventist Shock, St. Thomas Bobcats and for Florida A&M
Glogova (Bratunac)
Glogova (Serbian Cyrillic: Глогова) is a village in the municipality of Bratunac, Bosnia and Herzegovina, where on 9 May 1992, in the early days of the Bosnian War (1992–95), 65 Bosnian Muslim civilians were killed in a Glogova massacre ordered by Miroslav Deronjić, President of the Bratunac Municipal Board of the Serbian Democratic Party (SDS) of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Bratunac
Bratunac (Serbian Cyrillic: Братунац) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013 census, the municipality has a population of 20,340 inhabitants, while the town of Bratunac has a population of 8,359 inhabitants.
Giulio Quaglio the Elder
Giulio Quaglio the Elder (1610–1658 or after) was an Italian painter of frescoes.
He was a follower of Tintoretto. He is known to have worked in Vienna, Salzburg, and Ljubljana.

His son, Giulio Quaglio the Younger, was born in Laino and established himself in the Friuli about the end of the 17th century.

Giulio the Younger, who died in 1720, is best known for his frescoes at the chapel of the Monte di Pietà, in Udine.

They are both part of a large family of artists and architects from the town of Laino, between Lake Lugano and Lake Como, and which included Giuseppe Quaglio and his sons Lorenzo the Younger, Simon, and Domenico; Lorenzo Quaglio the Elder; and Giovanni Maria Quaglio the Elder and his son.

Simon Quaglio
Simon Quaglio (1795–1878) was a German stage designer.  He worked mainly in Munich, and was among the first designers to use built scenery instead of painted flats.  He designed over 100 productions during his career.

He was part of the Quaglio family originally from the town of Laino, between Lake Como and Lake Lugano. His father, Giuseppe Quaglio (1747–1828), practiced scene painting in Mannheim, Frankfurt, and Ludwigsburg. His brother, Angelo Quaglio (1778–1810), was an architect and painter. Simon designed and painted landscapes and architectural pictures for Boisserée's work on Cologne Cathedral. He was also a lithographer.
The Baltic Flood of 1888
The Baltic Flood of 1888 was a flood event that affected a large part of the Elbing, Marienburg and Stuhm counties in Poland. As a result, almost all of Sumpfland Weichsel and part of Danziger Werder were flooded.

Nogat
The Nogat is a 62 kilometres (39 mi) long delta branch of the Vistula River in northern Poland. Unlike the main river, it does not empty into Gdańsk Bay, but rather into the Vistula Lagoon.

The Nogat has its origin near the village of Biała Góra as a distributary of the Vistula River. Shortly afterwards, the river Liwa flows into the Nogat. The river then passes Malbork and flows north-east towards Elbląg (but does not reach the city). North-west of Elbląg, the Nogat flows into the south-western part of the Vistula Lagoon.

The river was located within the Kingdom of Poland until the First Partition of Poland in 1772, when it was annexed by Prussia, and from 1871 it was also part of Germany. During the interwar period, the Nogat formed the boundary between Germany and the Free City of Danzig (Gdańsk). It again became part of Poland in 1945, following Germany's defeat in World War II.
Umma (damselfly)
Umma is a genus of damselflies belonging to the family Calopterygidae.

Species include:

Umma cincta (Hagen in Selys, 1853) – Broad-winged Sparklewing

Umma declivium Förster, 1906 – Green-banded Sparklewing

Umma electa Longfield, 1933 – Metallic Sparklewing

Umma femina Longfield, 1947 – Angola Sparklewing

Umma gumma Dijkstra, Mézière & Kipping, 2015

Umma infumosa Fraser, 1951 (syn. Sapho infumosa)

Umma longistigma (Selys, 1869) – Bare-bellied Sparklewing

Umma mesostigma (Selys, 1879) – Hairy-bellied Sparklewing

Umma mesumbei Vick, 1996 – Cameroon Sparklewing

Umma purpurea Pinhey, 1961 – Purple Sparklewing

Umma saphirina Förster, 1916 – Sapphire Sparklewing

Umma gumma
Umma gumma is a species of damselfly in the family Calopterygidae. The genus name was established in 1890 and this species described in 2015 from Africa was found to belong to the genus. The species was named after the Pink Floyd album Ummagumma.
Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 1957
Belgium was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1957 with the song "Straatdeuntje", composed by Harry Frekin, with lyrics by Eric Franssen, and performed by Bobbejaan Schoepen. The Dutch-speaking department of the Belgian participating broadcaster, the National Broadcasting Institute (NIR/INR), selected its entry through a national final, after having previously selected the performer internally.

VRT 1
VRT 1 is a public Dutch-language TV station in Belgium, owned by the VRT, which also owns Ketnet, VRT Canvas and several radio stations. Although the channel is commercial-free, short sponsorship messages are broadcast in between some programmes.

VRT 1 focuses on drama, entertainment, news and current affairs in a similar vein to BBC One in the United Kingdom. The station was formerly known as TV1 until 21 January 2005, when the Eén (English: "one") branding was launched as part of a major station revamp, with a look created by BBC Broadcast. The channel got its current branding in 2023.

VRT 1 is the equivalent of its French-language counterpart, La Une, the first channel of the Belgian Francophone broadcaster, RTBF.
2005–06 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team
The 2005–06 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team represented the University of Virginia during the 2005–06 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by first-year head coach Dave Leitao, and played their home games at University Hall in Charlottesville, Virginia as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference.

This was the final season Virginia played at University Hall, as the John Paul Jones Arena opened for the 2006–07 season.

Dave Leitao
David Antonio Leitao Jr. (born May 18, 1960) is an American professional basketball coach who is the head coach for City Reapers of Overtime Elite (OTE). He has previously been the head coach of the Maine Red Claws of the NBA Development League, DePaul University, the University of Virginia, and his alma mater; Northeastern University. He was named the 2006–07 Atlantic Coast Conference Coach of the Year by the Associated Press, but finished at 10th and 11th place in the conference during his final two years with the Virginia Cavaliers. He resigned as the Virginia basketball coach on March 18, 2009.  Leitao is Cape Verdean American. He was the first coach of African descent to coach any varsity sport in University of Virginia history.
Hélder Barbosa
Hélder Jorge Leal Rodrigues Barbosa (born 25 May 1987) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a left winger.

He amassed Primeira Liga totals of 148 matches and 19 goals, mainly for Braga (three seasons) and Académica (two). He also played for teams in Spain, Greece, the United Arab Emirates and Turkey.

All youth levels comprised, Barbosa won 77 caps for Portugal. He made his senior debut in 2012.

2009–10 Primeira Liga
The 2009–10 Primeira Liga (also known as the Liga Sagres for sponsorship reasons) was the 76th season of the Primeira Liga, the top professional league for Portuguese association football clubs. It began on 16 August 2009 and ended on 9 May 2010.

Benfica won their 32nd league title after a 2–1 home victory over Rio Ave on the last matchday. Benfica striker Óscar Cardozo was the top scorer with 26 goals.
Cheng Siu-keung
Cheng Siu-keung (simplified Chinese: 郑兆强; traditional Chinese: 鄭兆強, born July 21, 1952), also credited as Alan Cheng or Milo Cheng, is a Hong Kong cinematographer, screenwriter, and director. He is known for frequently collaborating with directors Johnnie To and Wai Ka-Fai as a cinematographer for their independent film production company, Milkyway Image.

Johnnie To
Johnnie To Kei-fung (born 22 April 1955) is a Hong Kong filmmaker. A prolific and versatile filmmaker, To is best known for his action and crime movies, including The Mission (1999), PTU (2003), Breaking News (2004), Election (2005), Election 2 and Exiled (both 2006), and Drug War (2012).

His films, often made in collaboration with the same group of actors, screenwriters and cinematographers, frequently explore themes of friendship, fate and the changing face of Hong Kong society. To co-founded the production company Milkyway Image with his frequent co-director Wai Ka-fai.
Dominique Rocheteau
Dominique Claude Rocheteau (born 14 January 1955) is a French former professional footballer who played as a winger. A French international, he played in three FIFA World Cups, scoring at least one goal in each of them, and was part of the team that won UEFA Euro 1984. At club level, he won four Division 1 titles, three Coupes de France and played in the 1976 European Cup Final.

Onze d'Or
The Onze d'Or (alternative name: Onze Mondial European Footballer of the Year) is an association football award given by French magazine Onze Mondial since 1976. The award honors the best player in Europe, with any player in a European league eligible. Since 1991, there has also been a vote for the best coach of the year.

Onze Mondial's readers select their ideal team of the season, Onze de Onze ("Onze's eleven"), and among those players they choose the top three, who receive the Onze d'Or ("Golden Onze"), Onze d'Argent ("Silver Onze"), and Onze de Bronze ("Bronze Onze"), respectively. The awards were based on the previous calendar year until 2009, but moved to a seasonal format beginning with the 2010–11 season.

Lionel Messi is the only player to have won the award on four occasions (2009–2012, 2018). Only two other players have won the Onze d'Or three times: Michel Platini (1983–1985) and Zinedine Zidane (1998, 2000–2001).
Groups Rally
In international rallying, the Groups Rally are the collective name given to formulae of rally car as defined by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile for use in the World Rally Championship and the FIA's regional championships. The names were approved in June 2018 and began being used in 2019 in conjunction with promotion of the Rally Pyramid, a reorganisation of rallying nomenclature, car specifications and championships.  As of 2020, the groups' names are officially defined as replacing Group R in the FIA's competitions. The numbering used in the names of the new groups align with the FIA sporting classification, Rally1 is in RC1, Rally2 in RC2, and so on. From 2022 the championships will also align to these numbers, WRC2 shall use Rally2 cars whereas ERC3 for example, will Rally3 cars.

Group Rally1
Group Rally1 is a technical specification of rally car for use at the highest level of international rallying in the World Rally Championship (WRC) as determined by the FIA. Despite the use of the word 'Group' in the name, there are not multiple classes or subclasses of car and so 'Rally1' may be used alone with the same definition. Rally1 cars were used for the first time in the 2022 WRC season and replaced the outgoing World Rally Car used in the manufacturer's championship. Though they may run on any individual rally as permitted by the organiser, they are not to be used in any other championship.

The calls for new cars were made by the existing WRC competing manufacturers to reflect both changes in consumer marketing preferences, such as advancements in technology, and the need to reduce costs to make competing sustainable. The move to a new formula of car was approved in June 2018 along with a complete overhaul of cars and championships in the Rally Pyramid.
Donald Barnhouse
Donald Grey Barnhouse (March 28, 1895 – November 5, 1960), was an American Christian preacher, pastor, theologian, radio pioneer, and writer. He was pastor of the Tenth Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia from 1927 to his death in 1960. The Bible Study Hour, his pioneering radio program continues, now known as Dr. Barnhouse & the Bible.

Baker Publishing Group
Baker Publishing Group is a Christian publisher that produces books on theology, Christian living, historical topics, and fiction, primarily for an evangelical readership. It is based in Ada, Michigan and has six subdivisions: Bethany House, Revell, Baker Books, Baker Academic, Chosen, and Brazos Press.
Sarat Ubaida Governorate
18°05′05″N 43°08′19″E﻿ / ﻿18.084764°N 43.138569°E﻿ / 18.084764; 43.138569

Sarat Abidah Governorate (Arabic: محافظة سراة عبيدة), located in the southwestern part of Saudi Arabia, is one of twelve governorates of the Asir Province.

Asir
Asir, officially the Aseer Province, is a province of Saudi Arabia in southern Arabia. It has an area of 76,693 square kilometres (29,611 sq mi), and an estimated population of 2,024,285 (in 2022). Abha is its seat and second-largest city, after Khamis Mushait. Asir is bounded by the Mecca Province to the north and west, Al-Baha Province to the northwest, Riyadh Province to the northeast, Najran Province to the southeast, and Jazan Province and the Saada Governorate of Yemen to the south.
Jineiry Martínez
Jineiry Martínez (born December 3, 1997, in Santo Domingo) is a Dominican volleyball player who played the 2015 FIVB World Cup with the Dominican Republic national team. She won the bronze medal in the 2015 Pan American Games. With her under ages national teams, she won the gold medal in the 2015 FIVB U20 World Championship, silver in the 2013 FIVB U23 World Championship and bronze in the 2015 FIVB U23 World Championship.

In club competitions, she played the 2015 FIVB Club World Championship with the Dominican club Mirador and the 2015–16 CEV Champions League with the French Rocheville Le Cannet.

2014 Women's U23 Pan-American Volleyball Cup
The 2014 Women's U23 Pan-American Volleyball Cup was the second edition of the bi-annual women's volleyball tournament, played by eight countries from September 7–13, 2013 in Ica and Chincha Alta, Peru. At the end of the tournament, the top two teams from NORCECA and the best placed of the CSV qualified for 2015 FIVB Volleyball Women's U23 World Championship, to be held in Ankara, Turkey. Colombia (CSV), Cuba and Dominican Republic (NORCECA) qualified for the World Championship.