hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tolkien's monsters
Tolkien's monsters are the evil beings, such as Orcs, Trolls, and giant spiders, who oppose and sometimes fight the protagonists in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium. 
Tolkien was an expert on Old English, especially Beowulf, and several of his monsters share aspects of the Beowulf monsters; his Trolls have been likened to Grendel, the Orcs' name harks back to the poem's orcneas, and the dragon Smaug has multiple attributes of the Beowulf dragon.
The European medieval tradition of monsters makes them either humanoid but distorted, or like wild beasts, but very large and malevolent; Tolkien follows both traditions, with monsters like Orcs of the first kind and Wargs of the second. Some scholars add Tolkien's immensely powerful Dark Lords Morgoth and Sauron to the list, as monstrous enemies in spirit as well as in body.
Scholars have noted that the monsters' evil nature reflects Tolkien's Roman Catholicism, a religion which has a clear conception of good and evil.

Watcher in the Water
The Watcher in the Water is a fictional creature in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth; it appears in The Fellowship of the Ring, the first volume of The Lord of the Rings. Lurking in a lake beneath the western walls of the dwarf-realm Moria, it is said to have appeared after the damming of the river Sirannon, and its presence was first recorded by Balin's dwarf company 30 or so years before the beginning of The Fellowship of the Ring.

The origins of the Watcher in the Water are not described in Tolkien's works, but critics have compared it to the legendary kraken and to Odysseus's passage between the devouring Scylla and the whirlpool Charybdis. Its presence in combination with the barrier lake and the formidable Doors of Durin have been likened to the multiple obstacles often found in Norse mythology.
2017 Michigan State Spartans football team
The 2017 Michigan State Spartans football team represented Michigan State University in the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Spartans played their home games at the Spartan Stadium in East Lansing, Michigan, and competed in the East Division of the Big Ten Conference. They were led by 11th-year head coach Mark Dantonio. The Spartans finished the season 10–3, 7–2 in Big Ten play to finish in a tie for second place in the East Division. The Spartans received an invitation to the Holiday Bowl where they defeated Washington State.

Spartan Stadium (East Lansing, Michigan)
Spartan Stadium is an outdoor stadium in East Lansing, Michigan, United States that opened in 1923. It is primarily used for football, and is the home field of the Michigan State University Spartans.  After the addition of luxury boxes and club seating in 2004–2005, the capacity of the stadium grew from 72,027 to 75,005—though it has held more than 80,000 fans—making it the Big Ten's sixth largest stadium.
JonTron
Jonathan Aryan Jafari  (born March 24, 1990), better known online as JonTron, is an American YouTuber and comedian. He created the eponymous YouTube web series JonTron, where he reviews and parodies video games, films and other media.

Jafari is the co-creator and former co-host of the Let's Play webseries Game Grumps, and co-created the video game entertainment website Normal Boots. As of July 2025, his YouTube channel JonTronShow has 6.48 million subscribers and 1.40 billion views.

Flex Seal
Flex Seal is an American brand of adhesive bonding products made by the family-owned company Swift Response in Weston, Florida. Founded on February 28, 2011, the company employs 100 people led by its pitchman and Chief Executive Officer Phil Swift. Flex Seal has become a popular internet meme due to its television advertisement demonstrations of the product in absurd and exaggerated situations, as well as Swift's enthusiasm and loud voice.
1941 Hitchin by-election
The 1941 Hitchin by-election was held on 10 March 1941. Called in consequence of the death  of the incumbent Conservative MP, Arnold Wilson, it was won (unopposed) by the Conservative Party candidate John Seymour Berry.

Hitchin (UK Parliament constituency)
Hitchin is a parliamentary constituency in Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire which returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1885 until it was abolished for the 1983 general election.

Further to the completion of the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was re-established for the 2024 general election, since when it has been held by Alistair Strathern of the Labour Party.
Timeline of Pakistani history
This is a timeline of Pakistani history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the region of modern-day Pakistan. To read about the background of these events, see History of Pakistan and History of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

Second Balochistan conflict
The Second Balochistan Conflict refers to a rebellion by Nawab Nauroz Khan who took up arms in resistance to the One Unit policy, which decreased government representation for tribal leaders, from 1958 to 1959. He and his followers started a guerrilla war against Pakistan, and were arrested, charged with treason, and imprisoned in Hyderabad. Five of his family members, sons and nephews, were subsequently hanged on charges of treason and aiding in the murder of Pakistani troops. Nawab Nauroz Khan later died in captivity.
4-Bekat
4-bekat, which literally means "Station 4", was a provisional name of two different stations of Tashkent Metro:

Yangihayot, on Chilonzor Line;

Olmos, on Circle Line/30th anniversary of the independence of Uzbekistan Line.

Yangihayot (Tashkent Metro)
Yangihayot is a station of the Tashkent Metro on Chilonzor Line. It was put into operation on December 26, 2020, as part of the third section of the Chilanzar line, between Olmazor and Chinor. The station is located between Sirgʻali and Chinor.

The planned name for the station was Afrosiyob, however, the station was opened as 4-Bekat, which simply means Station-4. At the same time, there was another 4-Bekat station in Tashkent, which later became Olmos. In August 2023, this station was given the official name Yangihayot.
Analanampotsy
Analampotsy is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Ambatosoa, Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Mananara Nord. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 16,987 in 2018.

It is located north of Fenoarivo Atsinanana (Fenerive Est) on the  National Road 5 between Maroantsetra and Toamasina just after the Maningory River bridge. Analampotsy is west of Mananara Nord proper.

Mananara Nord
Mananara Nord or Mananara Avaratra is a municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Mananara Nord, which is part of the region of Ambatosoa. The population of the commune was  35,148 in 2018.

It is situated at the Route Nationale No.5 between Maroantsetra and Toamasina.

Mananara Nord is served by a local airport and maritime harbour. It also has riverine harbour at the North Mananara River that is located west of the town center.

In addition to primary schooling the town offers secondary education at both junior and senior levels. The town provides access to hospital services to its citizens.

A majority (50%) of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crop is cloves, while other important products are coffee and vanilla.  Services provide employment for 40% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 10% of the population.
Eurotium
Eurotium is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Aspergillaceae.

The genus was circumscribed by Heinrich Friedrich Link in 1809.

Because of nomenclatural changes brought about by one fungus one name, most of the species formerly placed in Eurotium have been transferred to Aspergillus. It mainly contained teleomorphs of subgenus Aspergillus.

As of April 2025, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts four species of Eurotium:

Eurotium acutum Blaser (1976)

Eurotium carnoyi Malloch & Cain (1972)
Re-assigned to Aspergillus neocarnoyi Kozak (1989) in Houbracken et al. (2020)

Eurotium lateritium Mont. (1849)

Eurotium microsporum Massee & E.S.Salmon (1901)

Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link
Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link (2 February 1767 – 1 January 1851) was a German naturalist and botanist. The standard author abbreviation Link is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Gjaerumia
The Gjaerumiaceae are a family of smut fungi in the Basidiomycota, class Exobasidiomycetes. The family is monotypic, and contains the single genus Gjaerumia. Species in the family are distributed in northern Europe, where they grow biotrophically in leaves of the bog asphodel.

Smut (fungus)
The smuts are multicellular fungi characterized by their large numbers of teliospores. The smuts get their name from a Germanic word for 'dirt' because of their dark, thick-walled, and dust-like teliospores. They are mostly Ustilaginomycetes (phylum Basidiomycota) and comprise seven of the 15 orders of the subphylum. Most described smuts belong to two orders, Ustilaginales and Tilletiales. The smuts are normally grouped with the other basidiomycetes because of their commonalities concerning sexual reproduction.
2013–14 Bangladesh Cricket League
The 2013–14 Bangladesh Cricket League was the 2nd edition of the Bangladesh Cricket League (BCL), a first-class cricket competition that was held in Bangladesh from 12 January 2014 to 13 May 2014. Central Zone were champion of the previous season, having beaten North Zone by 31 runs in the final.

South Zone became the champion of the 2013–14 season, by defeating North Zone by 213 runs in the final.

2012–13 Bangladesh Cricket League
The 2012–13 Bangladesh Cricket League is inaugural edition of the Bangladesh Cricket League (BCL), a first-class cricket competition that is being held in Bangladesh from 27 December 2012 to 25 February 2013.

Central Zone won the tournament, after they beat North Zone by 31 runs in the Final.
2022–23 New York Knicks season
The 2022–23 New York Knicks season was the 77th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). On April 2, 2023, the Knicks clinched a playoff spot after missing the playoffs in the previous season. In the first round of the 2023 NBA playoffs, they faced the Cleveland Cavaliers, winning the series in five games. The Knicks were eliminated from the playoffs in the conference semifinals by the Miami Heat in six games.

2020–21 New York Knicks season
The 2020–21 New York Knicks season was the 75th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). On July 30, 2020, the Knicks hired Tom Thibodeau as their new head coach.

Fan attendance in home games was prohibited until February 23, 2021, per an executive order from then-Governor of New York Andrew Cuomo. The Knicks reopened Madison Square Garden to spectators on February 23.

On May 3, with a 118–104 win over the Memphis Grizzlies, the Knicks clinched their first winning season since the 2012–13 season, and on May 12, clinched their first playoff appearance since 2013, ending their eight-year playoff drought.

The Knicks faced the Atlanta Hawks in the first round of the 2021 NBA playoffs, losing in five games.

After the regular season, Julius Randle was named NBA Most Improved Player, while head coach Tom Thibodeau was named the NBA Coach of the Year, becoming the first Knicks head coach since Pat Riley in 1992–93 to receive the award.
Zvonimir Janko
Zvonimir Janko (26 July 1932 – 12 April 2022) was a Croatian mathematician who was the eponym of the Janko groups, sporadic simple groups in group theory. The first few sporadic simple groups were discovered by Émile Léonard Mathieu, which were then called the Mathieu groups. It was after 90 years of the discovery of the last Mathieu group that Zvonimir Janko constructed a new sporadic simple group in 1964. In his honour, this group is now called J1. This discovery launched the modern theory of sporadic groups and it was an important milestone in the classification of finite simple groups.

Émile Léonard Mathieu
Émile Léonard Mathieu (French: [matjø]; 15 May 1835, in Metz – 19 October 1890, in Nancy) was a French mathematician. He is known for his work in group theory and mathematical physics. He has given his name to the Mathieu functions, Mathieu groups and Mathieu transformation. He authored a treatise of mathematical physics in 6 volumes.
Volume 1 is an exposition of the techniques to solve the differential equations of mathematical physics,
and contains an account of the applications of Mathieu functions to electrostatics.
Volume 2 deals with capillarity. Volumes 3 and 4 deal with electrostatics and magnetostatics.
Volume 5 deals with electrodynamics, and volume 6 with elasticity. The asteroid 27947 Emilemathieu was named in his honour.
Saula Blue Springs
The Saula Blue Springs (Estonian: Saula Siniallikad) are freshwater springs located in Saula Village, Kose Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia. There are three major springs that produce a flow of 20 to 30 litres (5.3 to 7.9 US gal) per second.  The springs are differentiated by their color: Blue Spring (Siniallikas) is blue-green; Black Spring (Mustallikas) is brownish black; and White Spring (Valgeallikas) is blue-gray. The water from the springs flows into the Pirita River.

The springs are protected as a natural monument, as well as a cultural heritage site.

Pirita (river)
The Pirita (Estonian: Pirita jõgi) is a 105 km (65 mi) long river in northern Estonia that drains into the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea in the Pirita district of the capital city Tallinn. The basin area of the river is 799 km2.

As part of the Tallinn water supply system, the Pirita is impounded into the Paunküla and Vaskjala reservoirs. The reservoir in Vaskjala is connected over a canal to the Lake Ülemiste in Tallinn, where the Ülemiste Water Treatment Plant is situated. Additional water is directed to the Pirita from the Jägala, Soodla, and Pärnu rivers through a canal network that joins the Pirita in Veskitaguse.

During the 1980 Summer Olympics, the estuary of the Pirita River and adjacent Tallinn Bay hosted the sailing events.

Spring flooding on the headwaters in Kose

Pedestrian bridge in Kose

Aerial view of the Pirita near Jüri

Arch bridge over the frozen Pirita in winter in Kose
Richie Adubato
Richard Adam Adubato (November 23, 1937 – November 6, 2025) was an American basketball coach in the National Basketball Association and the Women's National Basketball Association. He served as head coach for three NBA teams, the Detroit Pistons, the Dallas Mavericks, and the Orlando Magic, and two WNBA teams, the New York Liberty and Washington Mystics.

Upsala College
Upsala College (UC) was a private college affiliated with the Swedish-American Augustana Synod (later the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America) and located in East Orange in Essex County, New Jersey, United States, with an additional campus in Wantage Township in Sussex County. Upsala was founded in 1893 in Brooklyn, New York City, and moved to Kenilworth, and finally to East Orange in 1924. Despite a turnaround strategy that involved recruiting minority and international students, declining enrollment and financial difficulties forced the school to close in 1995.
Jack Rochon
Jack Sheppard Rochon is a Canadian producer, songwriter and classically trained multi-instrumentalist, best known for work with Sean Leon, Daniel Caesar, Charlotte Day Wilson, and his various contributions to 2024 Beyoncé album Cowboy Carter. He is now based in Los Angeles.

Sean Leon
Matthew Sean Leon (born May 23, 1991) is a Canadian rapper, singer, and record producer from Toronto, Ontario. He founded the record label IXXI Initiative in 2012, which fostered the career of fellow Toronto native Daniel Caesar. Leon is perhaps best known for co-writing Justin Bieber's 2021 single "Peaches", which peaked atop both the Canadian Hot 100 and Billboard Hot 100 and received four Grammy Award nominations. Leon has also co-written tracks on the albums Jesus is King (2019), Donda (2021), Vultures 1 (2024) and Donda 2 (2025) by American rapper Kanye West.
Attorney General of Rivers State
The Attorney General of Rivers State is an appointed official in the executive branch of the Government of Rivers State. The Attorney General is appointed by the Governor, with the consent of the Rivers State House of Assembly. The Attorney General serves as the Commissioner of Justice and chief law officer of the state. Some of the duties assigned to this official include supervising the law, administering the state's legal system and advising the government on legal matters.

Governor of Rivers State
The governor of Rivers State is the chief executive of the Rivers State government and is one of the governors of the thirty-six states of Nigeria. The governor is supported by the deputy governor, both popularly elected for a term of four years (maximum of two terms). The governor, as head of the executive branch, has the power to appoint and remove commissioners responsible for each of the state's ministries, the heads of parastatals and the state-owned bodies with specific regulatory or administrative duties. He appoints judicial officers based on the recommendation of the state judicial service commission. The Governor cannot be a member of the state's House of Assembly.
German People's Congress
The German People's Congress (German: Deutscher Volkskongress) were a series of congresses held in Allied-occupied Germany by the Socialist Unity Party (SED) and the Democratic Bloc from 1947 to 1949. Delegates from all over Germany gathered to establish a German government, and the German People's Council served as a constitutional convention. The People's Congresses were dominated by members of the SED, and the success of the London Six-Power Conference limited their influence to the Soviet Occupation Zone. They resulted in the founding of the German Democratic Republic in October 1949.

Jakob Kaiser
Jakob Kaiser (8 February 1888 – 7 May 1961) was a German politician and resistance leader during World War II. He served in the Reichstag before the war and the Bundestag after. He was also the first Federal Minister of All-German Affairs, serving from 1949 until 1957.
MS Color Magic
MS Color Magic is a cruiseferry owned and operated by the Norway-based shipping company Color Line on its route connecting Oslo, Norway, with Kiel, Germany. She was built at Aker Finnyards Rauma Shipyard, Finland in 2007 and has been the largest ferry in the world ever since.

Color Magic is a sister vessel of MS Color Fantasy, delivered to Color Line in 2004. The ship has over 1000 cabins and 54 suites. Unlike her sister, Color Fantasy was built in Turku. Color Magic has 89 more cabins than Color Fantasy, as well as larger conference facilities, making her slightly larger in terms of gross tonnage.

Cruiseferry
A cruiseferry or cruise ferry is a ship that combines the features of a cruise ship and a Ro-Pax (roll-on/roll-off passenger) ferry. Many passengers travel with the ships for the cruise experience, staying only a few hours at the destination port or not leaving the ship at all, while others use the ships as means of transportation. Some operators prefer to refer to them as "cruise ships with car decks."

Cruiseferries are most common in the seas of Northern Europe, especially the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. However, similar ships traffic across the English Channel as well as the Irish Sea, Mediterranean and even on the North Atlantic. Cruiseferries also operate from India, China and Australia.
Initiative 83
Initiative 83 was a voter-approved ballot initiative in Washington, D.C., that would permit ranked-choice voting and open the primary elections to independent voters. It allows voters registered as “unaffiliated” to participate in primaries, which were closed to these voters prior to the passage of the initiative. As of October 2024, D.C. had more than 80,000 unaffiliated voters. The initiative was passed with 73% of the vote.

District of Columbia Democratic State Committee
The District of Columbia Democratic State Committee (DC Dems) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the District of Columbia.

As of March 31, 2016, Democrats make up 76 percent of the registered voters in the District of Columbia, while 6 percent are registered with the Republican Party (represented by the District of Columbia Republican Committee), 1 percent with the D.C. Statehood Green Party, less than 1 percent with the Libertarian Party (represented by the Libertarian Party of the District of Columbia), and 17 percent with no party or other.
Gymnastics at the 2023 Pan American Games – Women's rhythmic group all-around
The women's rhythmic group all-around competition of the rhythmic gymnastics events at the 2023 Pan American Games was held on November 2, at the Training Center for Collective Sport in the National Stadium cluster in Santiago, Chile.

Gymnastics at the 2023 Pan American Games
Gymnastics competitions at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile, took place between October 21 and November 4, 2023, at the Training Center for Collective Sport in the National Stadium Cluster.

The artistic competitions took place between October 21 and 25. The rhythmic competition took place between November 1 and 4. The trampoline competition took place between November 3 and 4.

26 medal events were contested; 14 in artistic gymnastics (eight for men, six for women), eight in rhythmic (all for women), and four in trampoline (two per gender). Synchronized trampoline was contested for the first time. A total of 197 gymnasts competed: 118 in artistic (59 per gender), 53 in rhythmic, and 26 in trampoline (13 per gender).
Codex Beratinus
Codex Purpureus Beratinus (Albanian: Kodiku i Beratit, Kodiku i Purpurt i Beratit) designated by Φ or 043 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 17 (von Soden), is an uncial illuminated manuscript Gospel book written in Greek. Dated palaeographically to the 6th-century, the manuscript is written in an uncial hand on purple vellum with silver ink. The codex is preserved at the Albanian National Archives (Nr. 1) in Tirana, Albania. It was formerly possessed by the St. George Church in the town of Berat, Albania, hence the 'Beratinus' appellation.

Uncial script
Uncial is a majuscule script (written entirely in capital letters) commonly used from the 4th to 8th centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes. Uncial letters were used to write Greek and Latin, as well as Gothic, and are the current style for Coptic and Nobiin.
Free Your Mind 33
Free Your Mind #33 is the first LP recording by Japanese group Dragon Ash, released in 1998.

Dragon Ash chose to release an LP format record because after the release of Buzz Songs in 1998, their new hip hop sound was escalating and there was a high demand for analogue versions of "陽はまたのぼりくりかえす" (Hi wa Mata Noborikuri Kaesu), which sampled drums from "We Will Rock You" by Queen, and "Under Age's Song (Album Mix)". In addition to these two tracks, they also updated "Fever" and "Baby Girl Was Born" from their 1997 album Mustang! with a more hip hop sound. Their collaboration with MIHO on this LP also set the groundwork for the production duo of Kj and BOTS collaborating with and producing future albums for other artists such as Sugar Soul, Wyolica, and Kaori Hifumi. This eventually led to the creation of the production team and hip hop group Steady & Co.

Mustang! (Dragon Ash album)
Mustang! is the first full-length studio album by Dragon Ash, released on November 21, 1997. Even though chronologically it was already their third commercial release—preceded by two mini-albums (The Day Dragged On and Public Garden) earlier in the year—nevertheless, due to its full-length nature Mustang! is considered as the group's debut album, also marking their first major commercial release into the Japanese music market.