hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tobias Menzies
Tobias Simpson Menzies (born 7 March 1974) is an English actor. He is known for playing Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, in the third and fourth seasons of the series The Crown, for which he won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series and received Golden Globe and British Academy Television Award nominations. Menzies also played Frank and Jonathan "Black Jack" Randall in Starz's Outlander, for which he received a Golden Globe Award nomination, in addition to his roles as Brutus in Rome and Edmure Tully in Game of Thrones.

Young Vic
The Young Vic Theatre is a performing-arts venue located on The Cut, near the South Bank, in the London Borough of Lambeth, United Kingdom.

The Young Vic was established by Frank Dunlop in 1970. Nadia Fall has been artistic director since 2025, succeeding Kwame Kwei-Armah, and David Lan before him.
Museum Nord
68°30′14″N 14°47′59″E﻿ / ﻿68.50389°N 14.79972°E﻿ / 68.50389; 14.79972
Museum Nord is a Norwegian museum consortium for the northern part of Nordland county, including the districts of Lofoten, Vesterålen, and Ofoten. The museum is set up as a foundation and was established on December 13, 2002. It opened in 2004 and it is one of three museum consortia in Nordland; the other two are the Helgeland Museum and the Nordland Museum.

The museum unit has about 53 permanent employees and 13 full-time-equivalent positions through the company Lofotr Næringsdrift AS, which is wholly owned by Museum Nord. Museum Nord's administration is located at Melbu in Hadsel Municipality (staff and archives) and Borg in Vestvågøy Municipality (business and marketing). The director of the museum unit, with offices in Melbu, is Geir Are Johansen.

The museums included in Museum Nord receive 60% operating support from the state, 20% from the county, and 20% from their municipality.

Helgeland Museum
The Helgeland Museum is a group of 18 museums and collections of buildings in 18 municipalities in Helgeland, Norway. The concept of the museum is to distribute the museum's expertise across Helgeland. This allows people with special professional skills to work for all of the museums in this collaboration. The Helgeland Museum has about 49 permanent employees. Its administrative office is on Sjøgata (Sea Street) in Mosjøen.
Lucky Number (album)
Lucky Number is the fourth studio album by Taiwanese singer Jolin Tsai, released on July 7, 2001, by Universal. The album was produced by David Wu, Peter Lee, Paul Lee, Chen Wei, and Kay Huang, blending elements of pop, R&B, disco, and hip-hop.

Due to contractual disputes between Tsai and her management company, D Sound, promotional activities for the album were limited. Nevertheless, it sold over 150,000 copies in Taiwan and ranked among the top 20 best-selling albums in the region in 2001.

Where the Dream Takes You / If Don't Want
"Where the Dream Takes You" (Chinese: 情不自禁; pinyin: Qíng bù zì jìn; lit. 'Can't help it') and "If Don't Want" (Chinese: 如果不想要; pinyin: Rú guǒ bù xiǎng yào) are songs recorded by Taiwanese singer Jolin Tsai. Both songs were released together as a single on June 28, 2001, by Universal.

"Where the Dream Takes You" is a Mandarin adaptation of American singer Mya's song of the same name, originally composed by James Newton Howard and Diane Warren. The Chinese lyrics were written by Hsieh Meng-chuan, and the track was produced by David Wu. It served as the Mandarin theme song for Disney's animated film Atlantis: The Lost Empire (2001).

"If Don't Want" was written by Hsieh Meng-chuan, Low Shao Ying, and Chervun Liew, and produced by Peter Lee and Paul Lee.
Kathryn Kennedy
Kathryn Kennedy (July 28, 1927 – August 23, 2009) was a California wine grower, establishing her vineyard during the growth phase in the California wine history known as "The Wine Boom of the early 1970s". While not the first woman winemaker (Zelma Long and others), Kennedy was one of the first owners of a brand to bear a woman's name in California, and one who came to the scene independent of the young women graduates of the University of California-Davis.

Zelma Long
Zelma R. Long (born c. 1945) is an American enologist and vintner. She is considered to be one of the female pioneers in California wine, and was the first woman to assume senior management of a Californian winery, Simi Winery, of which she was president from 1989 to 1996. Long founded and was the first president of the American Vineyard Foundation to help finance research in enology and viticulture and also founded the American Viticulture and Enology Research Network (AVERN). She is the co-owner of Long Vineyards in St. Helena, California, and the Vilafonte Wine Estate in South Africa. Long has particularly been active in research into viticulture in Washington state.
Réunion harrier
The Réunion harrier (Circus maillardi), also known as Réunion marsh harrier, is a species of bird of prey belonging to the marsh harrier group of harriers. It is now found only on the Indian Ocean island of Réunion, although fossil material from Mauritius has been referred to this species. It is known locally as the papangue or pied jaune. The Malagasy harrier (C. macrosceles) of Madagascar and the Comoro Islands was previously treated as a subspecies of this bird but is increasingly regarded as a separate species. The Réunion harrier appears to be declining in numbers and it is classed as an endangered species.

Harrier (bird)
A harrier is a member of the genus Circus in Accipitridae, a family of birds of prey. Harriers characteristically hunt by flying low over open ground, feeding on small mammals, reptiles, or birds. The young of the species are sometimes referred to as ring-tail harriers. They are distinctive with long wings, a long narrow tail, the slow and low flight over grasslands and skull peculiarities. The harriers are thought to have diversified with the expansion of grasslands and the emergence of C4 grasses about 6 to 8 million years ago during the Late Miocene and Pliocene.
Union-closed sets conjecture
The union-closed sets conjecture, also known as Frankl’s conjecture, is an open problem in combinatorics posed by Péter Frankl in 1979. A family of sets is said to be union-closed if the union of any two sets from the family belongs to the family. The conjecture states:

For every finite union-closed family of sets, other than the empty family, there exists an element that belongs to at least half of the sets in the family.

Professor Timothy Gowers has called this "one of the best known open problems in combinatorics" and has said that the conjecture "feels as though it ought to be easy (and as a result has attracted a lot of false proofs over the years). A good way to understand why it isn't easy is to spend an afternoon trying to prove it. That clever averaging argument you had in mind doesn't work ..."

Family of sets
In set theory and related branches of mathematics, family or collection is used to mean set, indexed set, multiset, tuple, or class. It is usually used in phrases like "family of sets" because if one instead uses "set of sets" then the subsequent use of "set" can be confusing as to whether it is the containing set or one of the member sets. A common use is "family of subsets of some set S". A family of sets is also called a set family or a set system. A finite family of subsets of a finite set  is also called a hypergraph. The subject of extremal set theory concerns the largest and smallest examples of families of sets satisfying certain restrictions.
23rd Division (United Kingdom)
The 23rd Division was an infantry division of the British Army raised in 1914 in the Great War as part of Kitchener's Army. The division was sent to France in August 1915 under the command of Major-General Sir James Melville Babington C.B. C.M.G. During the war the division fought on the Western Front until October 1917 when it moved to the Italian Front. It remained in Italy and was disbanded by March 1919.

Green Howards
The Green Howards (Alexandra, Princess of Wales's Own Yorkshire Regiment), frequently known as the Yorkshire Regiment until the 1920s, was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, in the King's Division. Raised in 1688, it served under various titles until it was amalgamated with the Prince of Wales's Own Regiment of Yorkshire and the Duke of Wellington's Regiment (West Riding), all Yorkshire-based regiments in the King's Division, to form the Yorkshire Regiment (14th/15th, 19th and 33rd/76th Foot) on 6 June 2006.
HMS Royal Anne Galley
HMS Royal Anne Galley was a 42-gun fifth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy. She ran aground and was wrecked during a gale off Lizard Point, Cornwall, while she was travelling to the West Indies. The wreck is a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England.

Fifth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a fifth-rate was the second-smallest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.
Hohe Wurzel (Taunus)
Hohe Wurzel, at 618 m, is the highest peak in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis mountain range and the 2nd highest mountain near Wiesbaden, Hesse, Germany. A 133 m reinforced concrete telecommunications tower is located on the peak, which supplies the Rhine Main area and other locations with digital television service as well as DAB and FM sound broadcasts.

In 1883, the Gustav Vietor Tower was built on the peak. It was last used for amateur radio purposes. The tower was demolished in March 2006.

Hohe Wurzel is located in the Rhine-Taunus Nature Park.

Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis
Rheingau-Taunus is a Kreis (district) in the west of Hesse, Germany. Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis is part of the Darmstadt region; its main administrative seat is Bad Schwalbach. Outposted sections of the local administration are located in Idstein and Rüdesheim am Rhein.

Neighbouring districts are the Hessian districts of Limburg-Weilburg, Hochtaunuskreis, Main-Taunus-Kreis, district-free Wiesbaden and Mainz-Bingen and Rhein-Lahn which are located in Rhineland-Palatinate.
Binhai railway station
Binhai railway station (Chinese: 滨海站; pinyin: Bīnhǎi Zhàn), formerly Yujiapu railway station, is an underground railway station located in Binhai, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. It is the southern terminus of the Beijing–Tianjin intercity railway and serves the Yujiapu Financial District, an area with many new skyscrapers. It is considered one of the four main rail transportation hubs for Tianjin with Tianjin, Tianjin West and Binhai West railway station. It is to be served by the Tianjin Metro lines B1 and Z4.

Tianjin West railway station
The Tianjinxi (West) Railway Station (Chinese: 天津西站; pinyin: Tiānjīnxī zhàn) is a high-speed railway station in Tianjin. It is served by the Beijing–Shanghai railway and Jinbao Intercity Railway and by the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway.
Trummenäs Ladies Open
The Trummenäs Ladies Open was a women's professional golf tournament on the Swedish Golf Tour, played between 1999 and 2003. It was always held at Trummenäs Golf Club near Karlskrona, Sweden.

The event was introduced in 1999 as one of the season's four new tournaments, alongside the Telia Grand Opening, Gefle Ladies Open and Albatross Ladies Open.

Gefle Ladies Open
The Gefle Ladies Open was a women's professional golf tournament on the Swedish Golf Tour played from 1999 until 2007. It was always held at the Gävle Golf Club in Gävle, Sweden.

Gävle Golf Club had hosted the Gefle Open on the men's Swedish Golf Tour since the tour's inception in 1984, but switched to hosting the women's event starting in 1999. In 2005 the club hosted the Gävle Energi Open on the men's tour instead.

Several installments of the tournament doubled as the women's Swedish International.
Rowy, Łódź Voivodeship
Rowy [ˈrɔvɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wróblew, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south of Wróblew, 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Sieradz, and 67 km (42 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wróblew, Sieradz County
Wróblew [ˈvrublɛf] is a village in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wróblew. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) west of Sieradz and 62 km (39 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.
Saša Vučinić (Serbian politician)
Saša Vučinić (Serbian Cyrillic: Саша Вучинић; born 7 October 1973) is a politician in Serbia. He was a member of the Assembly of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 2000 to 2003, a member of the Assembly of Serbia and Montenegro from 2003 to 2004, and the mayor of Subotica from 2008 to 2012. Vučinić is a member of the Democratic Party (Demokratska stranka, DS).

Choice for a Better Life
Choice for a Better Life (Serbian: Избор за бољи живот, romanized: Izbor za bolji život) was a political coalition in Serbia, headed by Boris Tadić and his Democratic Party. They competed in the 2012 parliamentary election and won 22.07% of the popular vote. In the presidential election of the same year, Tadić won a plurality of votes in the first round, but narrowly lost to Tomislav Nikolić and the Let's Get Serbia Moving coalition in the second round.
Rocklands Station
19°51′49″S 138°5′12″E﻿ / ﻿19.86361°S 138.08667°E﻿ / -19.86361; 138.08667﻿ (Rocklands)

Rocklands Station is a pastoral lease that operates as a cattle station along the border of the Northern Territory and Queensland in the Barkly Tableland region. The station was established in 1865 by brothers James and George Sutherland.

It is situated about 10 kilometres (6 mi) north of Camooweal and 120 kilometres (75 mi) north east of Alpurrurulam. The property shares a boundary with Adder and Avon Downs Station to the west, Alexandria Station to the north and Austral Downs to the south. The Herbert River flows through the middle of the property. The Barkly Highway runs through the southern end of the property.

Austral Downs
20°30′07″S 137°46′26″E﻿ / ﻿20.502°S 137.774°E﻿ / -20.502; 137.774﻿ (Austral Downs)

Austral Downs Station, most commonly known as Austral Downs, is a cattle station on the Barkly Tableland in the Northern Territory, Australia. It is situated approximately 70 kilometres (43 mi) west of Camooweal and 250 kilometres (155 mi) north west of Mount Isa.
Aldoth
Aldoth is a hamlet in the civil parish of Holme Abbey in Cumberland, Cumbria, England. It is situated approximately two-and-a-half miles south-west of Abbeytown, one-and-a-quarter miles south of Highlaws, and two-and-a-quarter miles north-east of the hamlet of Holme St. Cuthbert. Other nearby settlements include Pelutho, a mile-and-a-half to the north-west, Mawbray, four miles to the south-west, and Westnewton, three-and-three-quarter miles to the south. Cumbria's county town, Carlisle, is located twenty-and-a-half miles to the north-east.

Westnewton, Cumbria
Westnewton is a small village and civil parish in Cumberland, Cumbria, England. The 2011 census had a population of 265. The village of Westnewton is situated to the north-west of the Lake District, on the relatively flat plain halfway between the Lake District hills and the Solway Firth. It is a small village located two miles north of Aspatria, on the B5301 Aspatria and Silloth road. The small hamlet of New Cowper is located one-and-a-half miles to the north-west. The landscape generally in this area is one of gently undulating fields, relatively devoid of features other than the thorn field-hedges, with shallow valleys carrying small streams, such as the Black Dub beck. Westnewton has a school called St Matthew's Church of England School, a church called St Matthew's Church, and a cemetery.  There used to be a public house called the Swan Inn but this has closed.
Tourism in Nicaragua
Tourism in Nicaragua has grown considerably recently, and it is now the second largest industry in the nation. Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega has stated his intention to use tourism to combat poverty throughout the country.

The growth in tourism has positively affected the agricultural, commercial, and finance industries, as well as the construction industry. The results for Nicaragua's tourism-driven economy have been significant, with the nation welcoming one million tourists in a calendar year for the first time in its history in 2010.

In mid-2018, tourism in Nicaragua came to a virtual standstill due to the 2018–2021 Nicaraguan protests.

León, Nicaragua
León (Spanish pronunciation: [leˈon]) is the second largest city in Nicaragua, after Managua. Founded by the Spanish as Santiago de los Caballeros de León, it is the capital and largest city of León Department. As of 2022, the municipality of León has an estimated population of 213,718.

León is located along the Río Chiquito (Chiquito River), some 90 kilometres (56 miles) northwest of Managua, and some 18 km (11 miles) east of the Pacific Ocean coast. León has long been the political and intellectual center of the nation and its National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN) was founded in 1813, making it the second oldest university in Central America. León is also an important industrial, agricultural, and commercial center for Nicaragua, exporting sugar cane, cattle, peanut, plantain, and sorghum. The city has been home to many of Nicaragua's most noteworthy poets including Rubén Darío, Alfonso Cortés and Salomón de la Selva.
James Andrew Corcoran
James Andrew Corcoran (March 31, 1820 in Charleston, South Carolina – July 16, 1889 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) was the editor of the United States Catholic Miscellany, the first distinctively Catholic literary periodical published in the United States and the theologian for the bishops of the United States in the First Vatican Council.  He authored "the Spalding formula", an attempted compromise during the First Vatican Council on the doctrine of papal infallibility. At the age of 14 he was sent to the College of Propaganda, Rome, where was ordained a priest on 21 December 1842. He was the first person native to the Carolinas who received priestly orders. He remained a year longer in Rome to complete his studies and was made doctor in sacred theology.

John Lancaster Spalding
John Lancaster Spalding (June 2, 1840 – August 25, 1916) was an American Catholic author, poet, advocate for higher education, the first bishop of Peoria in Illinois from 1877 to 1908. He was also a co-founder of the Catholic University of America in Washington D.C. and a co-creator of the Baltimore Catechism. Spalding was also a prolific writer on religion and education.
Sodium adipate
Sodium adipate is a chemical organic compound with formula Na2C6H8O4. It is the sodium salt of adipic acid.

As a food additive, it has the E number E356 as is used as a buffering agent and as an acidity regulator.

Acidity regulator
Acidity regulators, or pH control agents, are natural or synthesized substances used to change or maintain pH (acidity or basicity). They can be organic or mineral acids, bases, neutralizing agents, or buffering agents. Although many acid regulators are safely used as a food additive, they also have applications in drilling fluids, aquariums, and any environment where a stable pH is necessary.

Both acidity regulator and pH control agent can be used interchangeably. In the context of food-safe substances, however, acidity regulator is typically used over pH control agent.
Boulder Japan Cup 2022
The 2022 Boulder Japan Cup (Japanese: ボルダージャパンカップ2022, Hepburn: Borudā Japan Kappu 2022; or BJC 2022) was the 17th edition of the annual competition bouldering event organised by the Japan Mountaineering and Sport Climbing Association (JMSCA), held in Yokkaichi Dome, Mie.

BJC is the sole selection event for Japan's national bouldering team. Athletes who place highly at the BJC are eligible to compete in the Boulder World Cups, subject to JMSCA's prevailing selection criteria. BJC 2022 was the first domestic competition of the 2022 season. 53 men and 43 women competed. Tomoa Narasaki and Nanako Kura claimed the men's and women's titles respectively, with both athletes securing their first BJC titles.

Climbing Japan Cup
Climbing Japan Cup or Japan Climbing Cup is a series of climbing competitions held annually and organized by the JMSCA (Japan Mountaineering and Sport Climbing Association). The athletes compete in three disciplines: lead, bouldering and speed. The first Lead Japan Cup was held in 1987. The first Bouldering Japan Cup was held in 2005. The first Combined Japan Cup was held in 2018. The first Speed Japan Cup was held in 2019.
Sault Ste. Marie Historic Commercial District
The Sault Ste. Marie Historic Commercial District is a primarily commercial historic district located in Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2020. The district includes the Old Federal Building, Chippewa County Courthouse, Central Methodist Episcopal Church, the Adams Building, and the Gowan Block, all of which are listed separately on the National Register.

Central Methodist Episcopal Church (Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan)
Central Methodist Episcopal Church (now the Central United Methodist Church) is a United States historic church at 111 E. Spruce Street in Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984 and designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1993.
Kommen
Kommen (German pronunciation: [ˈkɔmən] ⓘ) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Bernkastel-Wittlich
Bernkastel-Wittlich (German: Landkreis Bernkastel-Wittlich) is a district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Vulkaneifel, Cochem-Zell, Rhein-Hunsrück, Birkenfeld, Trier-Saarburg and Bitburg-Prüm.
Neil Brown (Canadian politician)
Roderick Neil Brown, Q.C. is a lawyer, biologist, Canadian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, representing the constituency of Calgary-Nose Hill as a Progressive Conservative.

Raj Pannu
Rajinder Singh Pannu (January 12, 1934 – January 30, 2025) was a Canadian politician and educator, who served as the leader of the Alberta New Democratic Party from 2000 to 2004, and served a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta (MLA) representing the riding of Edmonton-Strathcona from 1997 to 2008.
Olsalazine
Olsalazine is an anti-inflammatory medication used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. It is sold under the brand name Dipentum.

Olsalazine itself is a prodrug of mesalazine (5-aminosalicyclic acid or 5-ASA) and is not absorbed in the small intestine. Instead it continues through to the colon where it is cleaved into two molecules of 5-ASA by azoreductases produced by colonic bacteria. Olsalazine thus exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by its colonic breakdown into 5-ASA which inhibits cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase thereby reducing prostaglandin and leukotriene production.

Prodrug
A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug. Instead of administering a drug directly, a corresponding prodrug can be used to improve how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME).

Prodrugs are often designed to improve bioavailability when a drug itself is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. A prodrug may be used to improve how selectively the drug interacts with cells or processes that are not its intended target.  This reduces adverse or unintended effects of a drug, especially important in treatments like chemotherapy, which can have severe unintended and undesirable side effects.