hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Direct reduction
In the iron and steel industry, direct reduction is a set of processes for obtaining iron from iron ore, by reducing iron oxides without melting the metal. The resulting product is pre-reduced iron ore.

Historically, direct reduction was used to obtain a mix of iron and slag called a bloom in a bloomery. At the beginning of the 20th century, this process was abandoned in favor of the blast furnace, which produces iron in two stages (reduction-melting to produce cast iron, followed by refining in a converter).

However, various processes were developed in the course of the 20th century and, since the 1970s, the production of pre-reduced iron ore has undergone remarkable industrial development, notably with the rise of the Midrex process. Designed to replace the blast furnace, these processes have so far only proved profitable in certain economic contexts, which still limits this sector to less than 5% of world steel production.

Refining (metallurgy)
In metallurgy, refining consists of purifying an impure metal.  It is to be distinguished from other processes such as smelting and calcining in that those two involve a chemical change to the raw material, whereas in refining the final material is chemically identical to the raw material. Refining thus increases the purity of the raw material via processing. There are many processes including pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical techniques.
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS or SRU) is a chronic disorder of the rectal mucosa (the lining of the rectum). Symptoms are variable. There may be bleeding, obstructed defecation, or no symptoms at all. Very often but not always SRUS occurs in association with varying degrees of rectal prolapse. The condition may be caused by different factors, such as long term constipation, straining during defecation, and dyssynergic defecation (anismus). Treatment is by normalization of bowel habits, biofeedback, and other non-surgical measures. In more severe cases, various surgical procedures may be indicated. The condition is relatively rare, affecting approximately 1 in 100,000 people per year. It affects mainly adults aged 30–50. Females are affected slightly more often than males. The disorder can be confused clinically with rectal cancer or other conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, even when a biopsy is done.

Endoanal ultrasound
Endoanal ultrasound is a type of medical investigation which uses ultrasonography to show images of the structures of the anal canal. It is used in the investigation of some anorectal symptoms, e.g. fecal incontinence or obstructed defecation.

Endorectal ultrasound is a similar investigation but the ultrasound probe is used to image the rectum and surrounding tissues. It is used to image lesions in the rectum, for example a tumor caused by colorectal cancer and to assess local lymph node involvement.
Mungar railway station
Mungar railway station (also known as Mungar Junction railway station) is a closed railway station on the North Coast railway line, Queensland, Australia. It was the station at which the now closed Mungar Junction to Monto railway line branched from the North Coast line, giving it the name Mungar Junction.

North Coast railway line, Queensland
The North Coast railway line (NCL) is a 1,681-kilometre (1,045 mi) 1067 mm gauge railway line in Queensland, Australia. It commences at Roma Street station, Brisbane, and largely parallels the Queensland coast to Cairns in Far North Queensland. The line is electrified between Brisbane and Rockhampton. Along the way, the 1,680-kilometre (1,040 mi) railway passes through the numerous towns and cities of eastern Queensland including Nambour, Bundaberg, Gladstone, Rockhampton, Mackay and Townsville. The line through the centre of Rockhampton runs down the middle of Denison Street.
Eedu Gold Ehe
Eedu Gold Ehe is a 2016 Telugu comedy thriller film directed by Veeru Potla starring Sunil, Sushma Raj, and Richa Panai in lead roles. It was produced by Ramabrahmam Sunkara, under AK Entertainments, while Mahati Swara Sagar scored the music. The movie was based on Jewel Thief.

Jewel Thief (1967 film)
Jewel Thief is a 1967 Indian Hindi-language spy thriller heist film directed by Vijay Anand. The film stars Ashok Kumar, Dev Anand, Vyjayantimala and features four bond girl-like actresses portrayed by Tanuja, Helen, Faryal and Anju Mahendru, with Nazir Hussain and Sapru appearing in supporting roles. It was produced by Dev Anand's production house, Navketan Films. The film revolves around a jewellery expert (Anand), as he and the police attempt to capture a notorious jewel thief, but in the process, their true identities get thoroughly muddled.

The film became a box office hit. J M Barot received the Filmfare Best Sound Award, while Tanuja received a nomination for Best Supporting Actress.
Meitoku
Meitoku (明徳) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Kōō and before Ōei. This period spanned the years from March 1390 to July 1394. After October 1392, Meitoku replaced the Southern Court's nengō (Genchū).

The emperor in Kyoto was Emperor Go-Komatsu (後小松天皇, Go-Komatsu-tennō) The Southern Court rival in Yoshino until 1392 was Emperor Go-Kameyama (後亀山天皇, Go-Kameyama-tennō).

Imperial Regalia of Japan
The Three Sacred Treasures (三種の神器, Sanshu no Jingi/Mikusa no Kamudakara) are the imperial regalia of Japan and consist of the sword Kusanagi no Tsurugi (草薙劍), the mirror Yata no Kagami (八咫鏡), and the jewel Yasakani no Magatama (八尺瓊勾玉). They represent the three primary virtues: valour (the sword), wisdom (the mirror), and benevolence (the jewel). The actual historical status of these legendary treasures is unknown as they are intentionally kept from public view to symbolize authority.

Representations of the regalia are used in masakaki in many Shinto rituals.
Larzac
Larzac (French pronunciation: [laʁzak], Occitan: [laɾˈzak]), also known as the Causse of Larzac (French: Causse du Larzac; Occitan: Causa de Larzac), is a limestone karst plateau in the south of the Massif Central, France, situated between Millau (in the department of Aveyron) and Lodève (in the department of Hérault). It is an agricultural area, where traditionally sheep produce milk for Roquefort cheese. Since the early 2010s, agricultural production has diversified.

Hérault
Hérault (French pronunciation: [eʁo]; Occitan: Erau, [eˈɾaw]) is a department of the region of Occitania, Southern France. Named after the Hérault River, its prefecture is Montpellier. It had a population of 1,175,623 in 2019.
Txorierri
Txorierri is a valley of Biscay, Basque Country, separated from Bilbao by low mountains Monte Artxanda and Monte Abril. It includes the municipalities of Erandio, Loiu, Sondika, Derio, Zamudio, Lezama and Larrabetzu. It holds the international airport of Bilbao. It includes industrial and residential areas.

Derio
Derio is a town and municipality located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, northern Spain. It is part of Greater Bilbao and was part of the municipality of Bilbao until 1983 and hosts Bilbao's biggest municipal cemetery. It has a population of 5,107 (2006).
2016 Tajik Super Cup
The 2016 Tajik Supercup was the 7th Tajik Supercup, an annual Tajik football match played between the winners of the previous season's Tajik League and Tajik Cup. The match was contested by 2015 Tajik League and 2015 Tajik Cup champions, Istiklol, and the 2015 Tajik League Runners-up, Khujand. It was held at Stadium Metallurg 1st District in Tursunzoda four days before the first game of the 2016 Tajik League. Istiklol won the match 3–2 thanks to an 82nd-minute winner from Oleksandr Kablash, his second of the match. After Istiklol took the lead through Kablash, Khujand equalised through Farkhod Tokhirov from the penalty spot, before Davron Ergashev restored Istiklol's lead shortly after. Dilshodzhon Karimov squared the game up midway through the second half, before Kablash's second gave Istiklol their sixth Supercup title.

2016 Tajik League
The 2016 Tajik League is the 25th season of Tajik League, the Tajikistan Football Federation's top division of association football. FC Istiklol are the defending champions, having won the previous season.
Mission—Port Moody
Mission—Port Moody was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1979 to 1988. This riding was created in 1976 from parts of Fraser Valley East and Fraser Valley West ridings.

It was abolished in 1987 when it was redistributed into Mission—Coquitlam and Port Moody—Coquitlam ridings.

It consisted of:

the Dewdney-Alouette Regional District;

the northwestern part of the Greater Vancouver Regional District.

Fraser Valley West
Fraser Valley West was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1968 to 1997. This riding was created in 1966 from parts of Burnaby—Coquitlam, Fraser Valley, New Westminster and Coast—Capilano ridings.

It was abolished in 1996 when it was merged into Langley—Matsqui riding.

It consisted initially of the western part of Matsqui District Municipality and including Crescent Island in the Central Fraser Valley Regional District and part of Surrey District Municipality.

In 1987, it was redefined to consist of:

the City of Langley;

the northeastern part of Langley District Municipality, lying north and east of the City of Langley, the Fraser Highway and 240th Street; and

the northwestern part of Matsqui District Municipality, lying north and west of Matsqui Power Railway right-of-way, and the south boundary of Matsqui District Municipality.
Saw Khin Htut of Pagan
Saw Khin Htut (Burmese: စောခင်ထွတ်, pronounced [sɔ́ kʰɪ̀ɴ tʰʊʔ]) was a princess of the Pagan Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). She was a daughter of King Kyaswa, and the mother of Queen Saw Soe. Her husband was Yazathingyan who served as the chief minister of her father, and his two successors. She had at least two children Saw San and Saw Soe with Yazathingyan. She may also be the mother of Yazathingyan's two other children Ananda Pyissi and Yanda Pyissi, who were generals in the Pagan army, although chronicles do not explicitly identify her as the mother.

Saw Soe of Pagan
Saw Soe (Burmese: စောစိုး, pronounced [sɔ́ só]) was a principal queen consort of King Kyawswa of the Pagan Dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). The royal chronicles identify her as the chief queen of Kyawswa but historians identify Saw Thitmahti as the chief queen.

The queen was the mother of Viceroy of Pagan Saw Hnit, Governor of Thayet Min Shin Saw, Queen Saw Min Ya of Pinya, Queen Saw Hnaung of Sagaing and Queen Mway Medaw of Pinya. She was also the paternal grandmother of King Swa Saw Ke of Ava.
Charles Hare (priest)
Charles Hare was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the 19th century.

Peacocke was born in Cashel, and educated at Portora Royal School and Trinity College, Dublin. He was  Archdeacon of Limerick from 1871 until 1881.

Archdeacon of Limerick
The Archdeacon of Limerick was a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Limerick (and later in the Church of Ireland) from the thirteenth century to the early twentieth. An early holder was Gerald Le Marescal who went on to be Bishop of the Diocese. The position is no longer used in the post Conciliar Church but it continues to exist in the Anglican diocese.
Siren (bronze sculpture)
This Roman bronze sculpture ca. 1571–1590 depicts a siren from Greek mythology, believed to be an emblem of the Colonna family, and first recorded in the collection of the Cardinal Francesco Maria del Monte before passing into the Barberini family. A female figure, nude from the waist up, boasts a crown and a multi-tentacled mermadic lower body. With her chin up and her arms outstretched, she grasps a scaly tentacle with each hand.

Colonna family
The House of Colonna is a prominent Italian family, forming part of the papal nobility. It played a pivotal role in medieval and Renaissance Rome, supplying one pope (Martin V), 23 cardinals and many other church and political leaders. Other notable family members are Vittoria Colonna, close friend of Michelangelo, Marcantonio II Colonna (Marcantonio Colonna), leader of the papal fleet in the Battle of Lepanto (1571) and Costanza Colonna, patron and protector of Caravaggio. The family was notable for its bitter feud with the Orsini family over their influence in Rome, which was eventually settled by the issuing of the papal bull Pax Romana by Pope Julius II in 1511. In 1571, the heads of both families married nieces of Pope Sixtus V. Thereafter, historians recorded that "no peace had been concluded between the princes of Christendom, in which they had not been included by name". Today, the family is led by Don Prospero Colonna (b.1956).
Ab Aeterno
"Ab Aeterno" is the ninth television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's sixth season of the serial drama television series Lost and 112th episode overall. The episode aired on March 23, 2010.

In an extended flashback, after the death of his wife, Richard Alpert (Nestor Carbonell) arrives on the island as a slave on the Black Rock in the 19th century. He then encounters the Man in Black (Titus Welliver) and Jacob (Mark Pellegrino), both of whom offer him different deals in exchange for his allegiance.

The title is Latin for "from eternity", a phrase used to mean "since the beginning" or "for long ages" (very loosely translated as "your life now will be either heaven or hell throughout eternity"); this references the agelessness granted to Richard by Jacob as a reward for his service. "Ab Aeterno" was watched by 9 million American viewers and received critical acclaim by critics and audiences alike.

Ilana Verdansky
Ilana Verdansky is a fictional character on the ABC television series Lost played by Zuleikha Robinson. Ilana is introduced in the sixth episode of the fifth season of Lost as an officer boarding Ajira Airways Flight 316, with Sayid in her custody. However, as her storyline progresses, it is revealed that she is someone deeply connected to the Island and to Jacob, the Island's highest authority figure. Ilana is killed when a bag of dynamite she is carrying explodes when she sets it on the ground too roughly.
Schloßböckelheim
Schloßböckelheim (or Schlossböckelheim) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Rüdesheim, whose seat is in the municipality of Rüdesheim an der Nahe. Schloßböckelheim is a winegrowing village.

Rüdesheim an der Nahe
Rüdesheim an der Nahe, or simply Rüdesheim (German pronunciation: [ˈʁyːdəshaɪm] ⓘ), is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Rüdesheim, and is also its seat. Rüdesheim customarily takes the tag “an der Nahe” to distinguish itself from nearby Rüdesheim am Rhein. Rüdesheim is laid out in state planning as a lower centre. Rüdesheim is a winegrowing village.
.33-40 Pope
The .33-40 Pope is a wildcat cartridge designed around 1900 by Harry Pope, a noted rifleman. The cartridge is a necked up .32-40 Ballard. It was Pope's favorite wildcat, and was often used with great success by him.

Wildcat cartridge
A wildcat cartridge, often shortened to wildcat, is a custom-made cartridge for which ammunition and/or firearms are not mass-produced. These cartridges are often created as experimental variants to optimize a certain ballistic performance characteristic (such as the power, size, or efficiency) of an existing commercial cartridge, or may merely be intended as novelty items.

Developing and using wildcat cartridges does not generally serve a purpose in military or law enforcement; it is more a hobby for serious sport shooting, hunting, gunsmithing and handloading enthusiasts, particularly in the United States. There are potentially endless varieties of wildcat cartridge: one source of gunsmithing equipment has a library of over 6,000 different wildcat cartridges for which they produce equipment such as chamber reamers.
Gmina Klonowa
Gmina Klonowa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Klonowa, which lies approximately 31 kilometres (19 mi) south-west of Sieradz and 84 km (52 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 95.37 square kilometres (36.8 sq mi), and as of 2006, its total population is 3,059.

Sieradz
Sieradz [ˈɕɛrat͡s] ⓘ (Latin: Siradia) is a city on the Warta river in central Poland with 40,891 inhabitants (2021). It is the seat of the Sieradz County, situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. Sieradz is a capital of the historical Sieradz Land.

Sieradz is one of the oldest cities in Poland. It was an important city of medieval Poland, thrice being a location for the election of the Polish monarchs. Polish Kings chaired six assemblies from here. Historically, it was the capital of the Duchy of Sieradz (1263-1339), Sieradz Voivodeship (1339–1793), and Sieradz Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located on the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok.
USCGC Nathan Bruckenthal
USCGC Nathan Bruckenthal (WPC-1128) is a United States Coast Guard Fast Response Cutter (FRC) of the Sentinel class.

Commissioned July 25, 2018 and is the 28th of the series. USCGC Nathan Bruckenthal is stationed in Atlantic Beach, North Carolina, in the Coast Guard's Fifth District. From South Carolina to New Jersey, the ship's patrol area will encompass 156,000 square miles (400,000 km2) of ocean, including several major mid-Atlantic ports and Washington, D. C.

Sentinel-class cutter
The Sentinel-class cutter, also known as the Fast Response Cutter or FRC due to its program name, is part of the United States Coast Guard's Deepwater program. At 154 feet (46.8 m), it is similar to, but larger than, the 123-foot (37 m) lengthened 1980s-era Island-class patrol boats that it replaces. At least 77 vessels are to be built by the Louisiana-based firm Bollinger Shipyards, using a design from the Netherlands-based Damen Group, with the Sentinel design based on the company's Damen Stan 4708 patrol vessel.  The Department of Homeland Security's budget proposal to Congress, for the Coast Guard, for 2021, stated that, in addition to 58 vessels to serve the Continental US, they requested an additional six vessels for its portion of Patrol Forces Southwest Asia.
Animals in Science Committee
The Animals in Science Committee is an advisory non-departmental public body created by the British government in 2013 under the auspices of the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 as part of its obligation under European Directive 2010/63/EU. It replaces the previous Animal Procedures Committee.

Non-departmental public body
In the United Kingdom, non-departmental public body (NDPB) is a classification applied by the Cabinet Office, Treasury, the Scottish Government, and the Northern Ireland Executive to public sector organisations that have a role in the process of national government but are not part of a government department. NDPBs carry out their work largely independently from ministers and are accountable to the public through Parliament; however, ministers are responsible for the independence, effectiveness, and efficiency of non-departmental public bodies in their portfolio.

The term includes the four types of NDPB (executive, advisory, tribunal, and independent monitoring boards) but excludes public corporations and public broadcasters (BBC, Channel 4, and S4C).
Fen Edge
52°17′31″N 0°09′04″E﻿ / ﻿52.292°N 0.151°E﻿ / 52.292; 0.151
Fen Edge is an area and collection of villages in the South Cambridgeshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. The five villages in Fen Edge are Cottenham, Landbeach, Rampton, Waterbeach and Willingham. They are twinned with Avrillé in the Maine-et-Loire region of France. Fen Edge can also refer to any settlement in general on the edge of the Fens, including Peterborough, Soham and Burwell amongst others.

Willingham, Cambridgeshire
Willingham is a village in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located in the South Cambridgeshire district and sits just outside the border of the Fens, just south of the River Great Ouse.

Located approximately 12 miles (19 km) northwest of Cambridge, on the B1050 road, Willingham Parish occupies 4,641 acres (1,878 ha), and had a population in 2007 of 3,900 people, increasing to 4,015 at the Census 2011.   The highest point in the village is only approximately 23 feet (7 m) above sea level and Willingham has become increasingly at risk from flooding.
Sports in Erie, Pennsylvania
Numerous minor league sports teams are based in Erie, Pennsylvania, alongside a range of college and high school programs. The region hosts Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic Association (PIAA) District 10 competition, noted for parity and close results. Erie has also supported multiple semi-professional and professional clubs over time. The city stages the nationally recognized Burger King Classic—formerly the McDonald’s Classic—an annual invitational that draws elite high school basketball teams from across the country.

Hagerty Family Events Center
The Hagerty Family Events Center is an indoor/outdoor muilti-purpose athletic center in Erie, Pennsylvania. Dollinger Field, the name of the football field, has an official seating capacity of 1,800. The Joann Mullen Gymnasium has a capacity of 1,800 seats, while the a 400-seat David M. Hallman III Aquatics Center boasts an aquatic complex consisting of an all-deep eight-lane short course competition pool as well as a shallow three-lane 25 yard warmup pool.
John Henry Hammond (lawyer)
John Henry Hammond (April 15, 1871 – June 28, 1949) was an American lawyer, financier, and legal author active in New York during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He practiced corporate law, served in banking and advisory roles, and authored early twentieth-century works on the taxation of business corporations in New York State.

He was the husband of Emily Vanderbilt Sloane, the son of John Henry Hammond (Union Army officer), the brother of Ogden Hammond and the father of record producer John Henry Hammond Jr.

Emily Vanderbilt Sloane
Emily Vanderbilt Sloane Hammond (September 17, 1874 – February 22, 1970) was an author, philanthropist, and socialite. She was a member of the Vanderbilt family, and mother of music producer John Hammond. She was a keen musician and was president of numerous charitable societies.