hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spearhafoc
Spearhafoc was an eleventh-century Anglo-Saxon artist and Benedictine monk, whose artistic talent was apparently the cause of his rapid elevation to Abbot of Abingdon in 1047–48 and Bishop-Elect of London in 1051.  After his consecration as bishop was thwarted, he vanished with the gold and jewels he had been given to make into a crown for King Edward the Confessor, and was never seen again. He was also famous for a miracle which impacted his career.

His name means "sparrowhawk" in Old English (Speraver in Latin).

Abbot of Abingdon
The Abbot of Abingdon was the head (or abbot) of Anglo-Saxon and eventually Benedictine house of Abingdon Abbey at Abingdon-on-Thames in northern Berkshire (present-day Oxfordshire), England.

The following is a list of abbots of Abingdon:
Electoral district of Shellharbour
Shellharbour is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is represented by Anna Watson who won Labor preselection after the former member Lylea McMahon decided not to contest the 2011 election.

Electoral districts of New South Wales
The New South Wales Legislative Assembly is elected from single-member electorates called districts, returning 93 members since the 1999 election. Prior to 1927 some districts returned multiple members, including 1920-1927 when all districts returned three, four or five members. Parramatta is the only district to have continuously existed since the establishment of the Assembly in 1856.
Kenny George
Kenneth George Jr. (born c. 1986) is an American former college basketball player. Listed at 7 ft 7 in (2.31 m), he was the tallest basketball player in the United States during the two years he played for the UNC Asheville Bulldogs. George and Mike Lanier of the UCLA Bruins were the tallest players in the history of college basketball until they were surpassed in 2025 by Olivier Rioux of the Florida Gators at 7 ft 9 in (2.36 m).

Olivier Rioux
Olivier Rioux (born February 2, 2006) is a Canadian college basketball player for the Florida Gators of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Guinness World Records declared him as the tallest teenager in the world in 2021 when he measured 7 ft 5 in (2.26 m) at the age of 15. He currently stands 7 ft 9 in (2.36 m) tall.
Moorrege
Moorrege, located 30 kilometres (19 mi) north west of Hamburg at the small river Pinnau, close to the Elbe river, is a municipality in the district of Pinneberg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Moorrege is around 2.7 kilometres (1.7 mi) south of Uetersen.

Moorrege is the seat of the Amt ("collective municipality") Geest und Marsch Südholstein.

The municipality is known as the birthplace of purported Nazi-resister August Landmesser.

Uetersen
Uetersen (German pronunciation: [ˈyːtɐzn̩] ⓘ, formerly known as Ütersen (Holstein)) is a town in the district of Pinneberg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approximately 7 km (4.3 mi) south of Elmshorn, and 30 km (19 mi) northwest of Hamburg at the small Pinnau River, close to the Elbe river. Uetersen is home to the Rosarium Uetersen, the oldest and largest rose garden in Northern Germany, created in 1929.
Construct (philosophy)
In philosophy, a construct is an object which is ideal, that is, an object of the mind or of thought, meaning that its existence may be said to depend upon a subject's mind. This contrasts with any possibly mind-independent objects, the existence of which purportedly does not depend on the existence of a conscious observing subject. Thus, the distinction between these two terms may be compared to that between phenomenon and noumenon in other philosophical contexts and to many of the typical definitions of the terms realism and idealism also. In the correspondence theory of truth, ideas, such as constructs, are to be judged and checked according to how well they correspond with their referents, often conceived as part of a mind-independent reality.

Noumenon
In philosophy, a noumenon (/ˈnuːmənɒn/, /ˈnaʊ-/; from Ancient Greek: νοούμενoν; pl.: noumena) is knowledge posited as an object that exists independently of human sense. The term noumenon is generally used in contrast with, or in relation to, the term phenomenon, which refers to any object of the senses. Immanuel Kant first developed the notion of the noumenon as part of his transcendental idealism, suggesting that while we know the noumenal world to exist because human sensibility is merely receptive, it is not itself sensible and must therefore remain otherwise unknowable to us. In Kantian philosophy, the noumenon is often associated with the unknowable "thing-in-itself" (German: Ding an sich). However, the nature of the relationship between the two is not made explicit in Kant's work, and remains a subject of debate among Kant scholars as a result.
Enfield Village Historic District
The Enfield Village Historic District encompasses the historic 19th century village center of Enfield, New Hampshire. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010. Multiple buildings of the district were added to the New Hampshire State Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Enfield, New Hampshire
Enfield is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,465 at the 2020 census. The town includes the villages of Enfield, Enfield Center, Upper Shaker Village, Lower Shaker Village, Lockehaven, and Montcalm.

Enfield village, the primary settlement in town, where 1,571 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined as the Enfield census-designated place (CDP), centered on U.S. Route 4 and the inlet of the Mascoma River into Mascoma Lake.
4C +01.02
4C +01.02 is a blazar located in the constellation of Cetus. It has a high redshift of (z) 2.099, with its distance estimated to be 10.663 billion light-years. It was first discovered as a faint astronomical radio source by astronomers in 1965 and subsequently identified with its quasi-stellar counterpart. This object hosts a superluminal jet and has a radio spectrum that is classified as flat.

Cetus (constellation)
Cetus (/ˈsiːtəs/ SEE-təss) is a constellation, sometimes called 'the whale' in English. The Cetus was a sea monster in Greek mythology which both Perseus and Heracles needed to slay. Cetus is in the region of the sky that contains other water-related constellations: Aquarius, Pisces and Eridanus.
Curtiss XP-46
The Curtiss XP-46 was a 1940s American prototype fighter aircraft. It was a development of the Curtiss-Wright Corporation in an effort to introduce the best features found in European fighter aircraft in 1939 into a fighter aircraft which could succeed the Curtiss P-40, then in production.

Allison V-1710
The Allison V-1710 aircraft engine designed and produced by the Allison Engine Company was the most common US-developed V-12 liquid-cooled engine in service during World War II. Versions equipped with turbo-superchargers gave excellent performance at high altitude in the twin-engined Lockheed P-38 Lightning, and turbo-superchargers were also fitted to experimental single-engined fighters with similar results.

The United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) preference for turbo-superchargers early in the V-1710's development program meant that less effort was spent on developing suitable mechanically driven centrifugal superchargers for the Allison V-12 design, as other V-12 designs from friendly nations like the British Rolls-Royce Merlin were already using.

When smaller-dimensioned or lower-cost versions of the V-1710 were desired, they generally had poor performance at higher altitudes.
Dutch–Ahanta War
The Dutch–Ahanta War was a conflict between the Netherlands and the Ahanta between 1837 and 1839. Beginning with a mere economic dispute between the Ahanta and the Dutch, who were based at the Dutch Gold Coast, the conflict ended with the hanging of Ahanta king Badu Bonsu II and the reorganization of the Ahanta state, establishing a Dutch protectorate over the Ahanta.

Fort São Sebastião de Xama
Fort São Sebastião or Fort San Sebastian (Portuguese: Forte São Sebastião de Xama) located in Shama, Ghana, is the third oldest fortification in Ghana and it was built in 1523. Along with several other castles in Ghana, it was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1979 because of its testimony to the history of European trade, colonization, and exploitation in the region.
Alternative Golf Association
The Alternative Golf Association, also known as Flogton ("not golf" backwards), was formed in 2011 by a group of Silicon Valley executives. It tried to encourage golf participation by relaxing or ignoring traditional rules to reduce player frustration. According to the National Golf Foundation, there was a decline in the number of golfers and rounds played in 2011 compared to 2005. Flogton aspired to stimulate golf as snowboarding helped skiing. Patrick J. Gallagher (CEO), Scott McNealy (Commissioner) and Bob Lurie were involved with Flogton.

Flogton encouraged nonconforming equipment such as lubricant applied to club faces, wedges textured like cheese graters and Polara Golf Ultimate Straight balls.

Polara Golf
Polara Golf is a brand of golf equipment, focused on balls and clubs, launched in 1977. Polara-branded products, such as intentionally-asymmetrical balls not approved for official tournaments, have been manufactured by several companies including Aero X-Golf Inc., which filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in 2017.
Georgian (Unicode block)
Georgian is a Unicode block containing the Mkhedruli and Asomtavruli Georgian characters used to write Modern Georgian, Svan, and Mingrelian languages. Another lower case, Nuskhuri, is encoded in a separate Georgian Supplement block, which is used with the Asomtavruli to write the ecclesiastical Khutsuri Georgian script.

Mtavruli, large versions of Mkhedruli used in all-caps text, are found in the Georgian Extended block, although Georgian is generally unicameral and both upper cases are nonstandard.

Unicode block
A Unicode block is one of several contiguous ranges of numeric character codes (code points) of the Unicode character set that are defined by the Unicode Consortium for administrative and documentation purposes.  Typically, proposals such as the addition of new glyphs are discussed and evaluated by considering the relevant block or blocks as a whole.

Each block is generally, but not always, meant to supply glyphs used by one or more specific languages, or in some general application area such as mathematics, surveying, decorative typesetting, social forums, etc.
Valley View High School (Arkansas)
Valley View High School is comprehensive public high school for students in grades 10 through 12 located in southwestern area of Jonesboro, Arkansas, United States. Established in 1925, the northeastern Arkansas school is administered by the Valley View School District and is accredited by AdvancED and the Arkansas Department of Education (ADE).

Jonesboro, Arkansas
Jonesboro (/ˈdʒoʊnzbʌrə/) is a city in the U.S. state of Arkansas. Located on Crowley's Ridge in the northeastern part of the state, it is one of two county seats of Craighead County. The population was 78,579 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 84,155 in 2026, making it the fifth-most populous city in Arkansas. In 2024, the Jonesboro metropolitan area had a population of 138,152, and the greater Jonesboro-Paragould combined statistical area had a population of 184,749. Jonesboro is the home of Arkansas State University and is the cultural and economic center of Northeast Arkansas.
Dornoch, Ontario
The village of Dornoch is located less than 11 kilometers north of the town of Durham on Highway 6 in Grey County, Ontario, Canada. It is part of the municipality of West Grey.

Dornoch was settled by Bartholomew Griffin in 1841.  The area was originally called "Griffin's Corners"; it acquired its present name in 1880, when Philip McIntosh renamed it for his father's birthplace in Scotland. Griffin started the first general store. The community centre was built in 1952. Dornoch is situated 11 kilometers south of Williamsford and 33 kilometers south of Owen Sound.

The village is primarily a small farming community on the outskirts of Durham, but does have a convenience store that is known for its photography and ice cream, a community hall that is used for small events as well as the recently rebuilt Dawg House Inn. The community hall was sold to private owners.

Williamsford, Ontario
Williamsford is a village on the North Saugeen River in Grey County, Ontario, Canada (Chatsworth Township). It has a general store, Pie Company, post office, bookstore  and restaurant housed in a historic grain mill. A small dam controls the North Saugeen River. It has several churches, and a community cemetery.  It is located on Highway 6 between Durham and Owen Sound.

The village of Williamsford was first surveyed in 1858 comprising 400 acres in preparation for a railway which was to run from Toronto to Owen Sound.  Each township was to contribute $40,000 to its construction.  The post office was built in 1847 and the general store was built in the late 1800s.
Transition metal fullerene complex
A transition metal fullerene complex is a coordination complex wherein fullerene serves as a ligand. Fullerenes are typically spheroidal carbon compounds, the most prevalent being buckminsterfullerene, C60.

One year after it was prepared in milligram quantities in 1990, C60 was shown to function as a ligand in the complex [Ph3P]2Pt(η2-C60).

Since this report, a variety of transition metals and binding modes were demonstrated. Most transition metal fullerene complex are derived from C60, although other fullerenes also coordinate to metals as seen with C70Rh(H)(CO)(PPh3)2.

Buckminsterfullerene
Buckminsterfullerene is a type of fullerene with the formula C60. It has a cage-like fused-ring structure (truncated icosahedron) made of twenty hexagons and twelve pentagons, and resembles a football. Each of its 60 carbon atoms is bonded to its three neighbors.

Buckminsterfullerene is a black solid that dissolves in hydrocarbon solvents to produce a purple solution. The substance was discovered in 1985 and has received intense study, although few real world applications have been found.

Molecules of buckminsterfullerene (or of fullerenes in general) are commonly nicknamed buckyballs.
Trelawny Parish
Trelawny (Jamaican Patois: Trilaani or Chrilaani) is a parish in the county of Cornwall in northwest Jamaica. Its capital is Falmouth. It is bordered by the parishes of Saint Ann in the east, Saint James in the west, and Saint Elizabeth and Manchester in the south. Trelawny is known for producing several Olympic sprinters.

Parishes of Jamaica
The parishes of Jamaica are the main units of local government in Jamaica. They were created following the English settlement of Jamaica in 1655. This administrative structure for the Colony of Jamaica developed slowly. However, since 1 May 1867, Jamaica has been divided into the current fourteen parishes. These were retained after independence in 1962. They are grouped into three historic counties, which no longer have any administrative relevance. Every parish has a coast; none are landlocked.
1944 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1944 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 47th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Birr entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 8 October 1944 at O'Connor Park in Tullamore, between Birr and Tullamore, in what was their second consecutive meeting in the final. Birr won the match by 4–04 to 4–00 to claim their 12th championship title overall and a second championship title in succession.

Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The Offaly Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Molloy Environmental Senior Hurling Championship) is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Offaly GAA clubs. The Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1896.

Kilcormac–Killoughey are the title-holders, defeating shinrone by 1–24 to 2–14 in the 2025 final.
2022 Tour des Alpes-Maritimes et du Var
The 2022 Tour des Alpes-Maritimes et du Var was a road cycling stage race that took place between 18 and 20 February 2022 in the departments of Alpes-Maritimes and Var in southeastern France. The race was rated as a category 2.1 event on the 2022 UCI Europe Tour calendar, and was the 54th edition of the Tour des Alpes-Maritimes et du Var.

Tour des Alpes-Maritimes
The Tour des Alpes-Maritimes, formerly known as the Tour du Haut Var, (English: Tour of the Haut Var) is an early-season two-day road bicycle race in the Var department region in the south of France. Until 2008 it was run as a one-day race, part of the UCI Europe Tour. In 2009, the race transformed to a 2.1 event, raced over two days. Dutchman Joop Zoetemelk and France's Arthur Vichot hold the record with three wins.

The Tour des Alpes-Maritimes is one of several stage races held in the hilly Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in February, alongside the Étoile de Bessèges, La Méditerranéenne and the Tour La Provence. These early-season races are competed mainly by French teams and are considered preparations for Paris–Nice, the first European World Tour event in March.
1955 Centre Colonels football team
The 1955 Centre Colonels football team was an American football team that represented Centre College as an independent during the 1955 college football season. In their fourth year under head coach T. Briscoe Inman, the Colonels compiled a perfect 8–0 record and outscored opponents by a total of 245 to 53. It was Centre's first perfect season since the 1919 team went 9–0. No Centre team has compiled a perfect season since 1955.

1919 Centre Praying Colonels football team
The 1919 Centre Praying Colonels football team represented Centre College in the 1919 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The Praying Colonels scored 485 points, leading the nation, while allowing 23 points and finishing their season with a perfect record of 9–0. The team was retroactively selected by Jeff Sagarin as national champion for the 1919 season.

Quarterback Bo McMillin and center James "Red" Weaver were named to Walter Camp's first-team 1919 College Football All-America Team. Just the year before, Georgia's Bum Day had been the first player from the South ever selected to Camp's first team– and Centre thus became the first Southern school with two. Fullback and end James "Red" Roberts was named to Camp's third team.

The highlight of the season was the win over West Virginia. McMillin had the team pray before it, forever giving the Centre College Colonels its alternate moniker of "Praying Colonels."
Berck-Plage - Paris-Plage line
The Berck-Plage - Paris-Plage line (subsequently designated Le Touquet-Paris-Plage) constituted a narrow-gauge local railway that connected two coastal resorts on the Opal Coast of the English Channel in France. This line served the administrative Pas-de-Calais department and was operational from the early 20th century. The route opened in stages between 1909 and 1912 and operated until it ceased in 1929.

Spanning approximately 17 kilometers (11 mi), the line was owned by a company independent of the major railway networks serving Berck-Plage and Le Touquet-Paris-Plage. It faced significant challenges due to irregular seasonal traffic and the inexperience of its operator in railway management. Nevertheless, this railway is illustrative of the communication modes utilized from the late 19th century until World War II, with the specific intention of serving vacation spots on the northern coasts of France.

Chemins de fer d'Aire à Fruges et de Rimeux-Gournay à Berck
The Aire–Fruges and Rimeux-Gournay–Berck railway (French: Chemins de fer d'Aire à Fruges et de Rimeux-Gournay à Berck, pronounced [ʃəmɛ̃ də fɛʁ dɛʁ a fʁyʒ e də ʁimø ɡuʁnɛ a bɛʁk]; CF du ARB) was a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge railway from Aire-sur-la-Lys to Berck, in the Pas-de-Calais department of France. It opened in 1891 and closed in 1955.
Original jurisdiction
In common law legal systems, original jurisdiction of a court is the power to hear a case for the first time, as opposed to appellate jurisdiction, when a higher court has the power to review a lower court's decision.

Federal judiciary of the United States
The federal judiciary of the United States is one of the three branches of the  U.S. federal government organized under the U.S. Constitution and laws of the federal government. The U.S. federal judiciary does not include any state court (which includes local courts), which are completely independent from the federal government. The U.S. federal judiciary consists primarily of the U.S. Supreme Court, the U.S. courts of appeals, and the U.S. district courts. It also includes a variety of other lesser federal tribunals.

Article III of the Constitution requires the establishment of a Supreme Court and permits the Congress to create other federal courts and place limitations on their jurisdiction. Article III states that federal judges are appointed by the president with the consent of the Senate to serve until they resign, are impeached and convicted, or die.
Siege of Nara
The siege of Nara (南都焼討, Nantō Yakiuchi) alternatively known as the Nanto Arson Campaign in Japan is an event which took place on January 15th 1181 (December 28th 1180 in the Jishō calendar), following Prince Mochihito and Minamoto no Yorimasa's defeat and subsequent death to the Taira clan, after which the Taira forces burnt down the Miidera temple (which had sheltered the anti-Taira forces), before moving on to Nara, where they "set fire to the monastic complexes of Kōfuku-ji and Tōdai-ji."

Jishō
Jishō (治承) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after Angen and before Yōwa.  This period spanned the years from August 1177 through July 1181.  The reigning emperors were Takakura-tennō (高倉天皇) and Antoku-tennō (安徳天皇).
Vladimir Vovk
Vladimir Vovk is a British computer scientist and professor at Royal Holloway University of London. He is the co-inventor of conformal prediction and is known for his contributions to the concept of e-values. He is the co-director of the Centre for Machine Learning at Royal Holloway University of London, and a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society.

Royal Statistical Society
The Royal Statistical Society (RSS) is an established statistical society. It has three main roles: a British learned society for statistics, a professional body for statisticians and a charity which promotes statistics for the public good.
TrES-2A
GSC 03549-02811 (sometimes referred to as Kepler-1, or either TrES-2A or TrES-2 parent star in reference to its exoplanet TrES-2b) is a binary star system containing a G-type main-sequence star similar to the Sun. This star is located approximately 704 light-years away in the constellation of Draco. The apparent magnitude of this star is 11.41, which means it is not visible to the naked eye but can be seen with a medium-sized amateur telescope on a clear dark night. The age of this star is about 5 billion years.

Draco (constellation)
Draco is a constellation in the far northern sky. Its name is Latin for dragon. It was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century Greek astronomer Ptolemy, and remains one of the 88 modern constellations today. The north pole of the ecliptic is in Draco. Draco is circumpolar from northern latitudes, meaning that it never sets and can be seen at any time of year.