hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Magellanic subpolar forests
The Magellanic subpolar forests (Spanish: Bosque subpolar magallánico) are a terrestrial ecoregion of southernmost South America, covering parts of southern Chile and Argentina, and are part of the Neotropical realm. It is a temperate broadleaf and mixed forests ecoregion, and contains the world's southernmost forests.

Nothofagus pumilio
Nothofagus pumilio, the lenga beech (from the Mapuche language), is a deciduous tree or shrub in the Nothofagaceae family that is native to the southern Andes range, in the temperate forests of Chile and Argentina to Tierra del Fuego, from 35° to 56° South latitude. This tree is in the same genus as the coihue. It regenerates easily after fires. The wood is of good quality, moderate durability, and is easy to work with. It is used in furniture, shingles and construction and sometimes as a substitute for American black cherry in the manufacturing of cabinets.
A. D. Grover
Albert Deane Grover (February 18, 1865 Boston, Massachusetts – October 23, 1927 Manhattan, New York) was an American banjoist, composer, teacher, and prolific inventor of musical parts and accessories for stringed instruments. He was a founding member of the Boston Ideal Banjo, Mandolin and Guitar Club. Grover held over 50 patents for musical instrument parts, and founded the musical accessories company A. D. Grover & Son. His father, Stephen Grover (1820–1885), was a Boston piano maker.

In 1952, Grover Musical Products, Inc., of Cleveland, Ohio, succeeded A.D. Grover & Son.

Thompson & Odell
Thompson & Odell (ca.1874 – ca.1905) of Boston, Massachusetts, published music and repaired and manufactured musical instruments. Musicians Charles W. Thompson and Ira H. Odell ran the business. They kept a shop on Tremont Street and later on Washington Street. Towards 1900 "Carl Fischer purchased their catalogs of fretted instrument, band and orchestra music. ... About 1905 the Vega Company took over their manufacturing interests."
South-West Deeps (West)
South-West Deeps (West) MPA, along with the South West Deeps (East) MPA is an offshore Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ), approximately 230 km (140 mi) off Land's End, Cornwall, England, in the Western Channel and Celtic Sea. It was one of twenty-seven MCZs designated on 21 November 2013 by the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009 and is a predominantly sandy area of the continental shelf, supporting molluscs and crustaceans living in and on the mixed and coarse sediments.

Celtic Sea
The Celtic Sea is the area of the Atlantic Ocean off the southern coast of Ireland bounded to the north by Saint George's Channel; other limits include the Bristol Channel, the English Channel, and the Bay of Biscay, as well as adjacent portions of Wales, Cornwall, parts of Devon and Brittany. The continental shelf, which drops away sharply, delimits the southern and western boundaries. The Iroise Sea off Brittany is entirely included within it. The Isles of Scilly are an archipelago of small islands in the sea.
Scolopendra alcyona
Scolopendra alcyona, the Halcyon giant centipede, is a species of amphibious centipede found in the Ryukyu Archipelago of Japan and Taiwan. It is the third amphibious member of the genus Scolopendra discovered so far, and the largest species of centipede in Japan, as well as the first new centipede species discovered in Japan for 143 years.

Semiaquatic
In biology, being semiaquatic refers to various macro-organisms that live regularly in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. When referring to animals, the term describes those that actively spend part of their daily time in water (in which case they can also be called amphibious), or land animals that have spent at least one life stage (e.g. as eggs or larvae) in aquatic environments. When referring to plants, the term describes land plants whose roots have adapted well to tolerate regular, prolonged submersion in water, as well as emergent and (occasionally) floating-leaved aquatic plants that are only partially immersed in water.

Examples of semiaquatic animals and plants are given below.
Bembecia priesneri
Bembecia priesneri is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is found in Turkey (Cappadocia and the Taurus Mountains) and some nearby Dodecanese islands (including Rhodes).

The wingspan is 19–25 mm. Adults are on wing in late August and September.

The larvae feed on the roots of Psoralea bituminosa and Ononis species, including Ononis spinosa.

Sesiidae
The Sesiidae or clearwing moths are a diurnal moth family in the order Lepidoptera known for their Batesian mimicry in both appearance and behaviour of various Hymenoptera.

The family consists of 165 genera spread over two subfamilies, containing in total 1525 species and 49 subspecies, most of which occur in the tropics, though there are many species in the Holarctic region as well, including over a hundred species known to occur in Europe.: Backcover, 6
Fleeming Jenkin
Henry Charles Fleeming Jenkin FRS FRSE (/ˈflɛmɪŋ/; 25 March 1833 – 12 June 1885) was a British engineer, inventor, economist, linguist, actor and dramatist known as the inventor of the cable car or telpherage. He was Regius Professor of Engineering at the University of Edinburgh. His descendants include the engineer Charles Frewen Jenkin and through him the Conservative MPs Patrick, Lord Jenkin of Roding and Bernard Jenkin.

Enderby's Wharf
Enderby's Wharf is a wharf and industrial site on the south bank of the Thames in Greenwich, London, associated with Telcon and other companies. It has a history of more than 150 years of production of submarine communication cables and associated equipment, and is one of the most important sites in the history of submarine communications.
Adrián Calello
Adrián Daniel Calello (locally [kaˈleʎo], Italian: [kaˈlɛllo]; born May 14, 1987) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Quilmes Atlético Club.

He started his professional career at Independiente, debuting for the first team on February 24, 2007. In the winter transfer window of the 2008–09 season he joined reigning Croatian champions Dinamo Zagreb. With the Croatian club, Calello has won two domestic league titles, one Croatian Cup and one Croatian Supercup.

2010–11 Croatian First Football League
The 2010–11 Croatian First Football League season (officially known as T-Com Prva HNL for sponsorship reasons) was the 20th edition of the Croatian First Football League, the national championship for men's association football teams in Croatia, since its establishment in 1992. It began on 23 July 2010 and ended on 21 May 2011.

Dinamo Zagreb successfully defended its 2010 title earning their 12th successive championship title in 2011 (and fifth consecutive title).
John MacLellan, 7th Lord Kirkcudbright
John MacLellan (10 January 1729 – 14 December 1801) was 7th Lord Kirkcudbright, from 1767 to 1801. He was the son of William MacLellan, 6th Lord Kirkcudbright, and Margaret Murray, born in Edinburgh Parish, Edinburgh, Scotland.

30th (Cambridgeshire) Regiment of Foot
The 30th (Cambridgeshire) Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1702. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 59th (2nd Nottinghamshire) Regiment of Foot to form the East Lancashire Regiment in 1881.
Péter Eötvös
Péter Eötvös (Hungarian: Eötvös Péter, pronounced [ˈøtvøʃ ˈpeːtɛr]; 2 January 1944 – 24 March 2024) was a Hungarian composer, conductor and academic teacher.

After studies of composition in Budapest and Cologne, Eötvös composed film music in Hungary from 1962. He played with the Stockhausen Ensemble between 1968 and 1976. He was a founding member of the Oeldorf Group in 1973, continuing his association until the late 1970s. From 1979 to 1991, he was musical director and conductor of the Ensemble InterContemporain, and from 1985 to 1988 he was principal guest conductor of the BBC Symphony Orchestra, after which he conducted several other orchestras.

As a composer, Eötvös was known for the operas Love and Other Demons and Three Sisters, both of which were performed outside Hungary. He was open to influences from different cultures.

Luciano Berio
Luciano Berio OMRI (24 October 1925 – 27 May 2003) was an Italian composer noted for his experimental work (in particular his 1968 composition Sinfonia and Sequenza, a series of solo pieces for instruments using extended techniques), and for his pioneering work in electronic music. His early work was influenced by Igor Stravinsky and experiments with serial and electronic techniques, while his later works explore indeterminacy and the use of spoken texts as the basic material for composition.
Highcombe House
Highcombe House (historically spelled as "High Combe") is a Grade II listed Regency villa located at 145 Charlton Road in Charlton, London, built around 1825. The building was added to Historic England's Heritage at Risk Register in 2025 due to concerns about its condition and future. It stands as one of only two surviving structures (the other is Woodlands House) from the historic Westcombe and Eastcombe estates that once stood between Greenwich and Charlton Village. Adjacent to Our Lady of Grace Church, Highcombe House is now used as a presbytery and community centre.

Eleanor Eden
Eleanor Agnes Hobart, Countess of Buckinghamshire (née Eden; 1777 – October 1851) was the eldest child of Lord Auckland. As a young woman, she was rumoured to have been engaged to William Pitt the Younger, the Prime Minister, but he disavowed the connection and never married.
Oliver Cromwell's House
Oliver Cromwell's House in Ely, Cambridgeshire, England was the family home of Oliver Cromwell. The kitchen dates from around 1215, other parts being built later. The house was the vicarage of St Mary's Church (which is adjacent to it) until 1986. In 1988 it was bought by the City of Ely Council and was opened as a tourist attraction in 1990, and has been refurbished to show how it may have looked during Cromwell's lifetime.

Following a 2019 refurbishment, the house featured a Civil War exhibition with interactive displays and interpretations.

City of Ely Council
The City of Ely Council is the parish council responsible for local government within the civil parish of the city of Ely, Cambridgeshire, England.

The parish council was formed on 1 April 1974 as a successor authority of the City of Ely Urban District Council. The parish council derives its powers and functions from the Local Government Act 1972 and subsequent legislation.

The civil parish of Ely is divided into four wards called Ely North, Ely South, Ely East and Ely West for the purpose of electing the fourteen councillors to the parish council.

It is a precepting authority, with tax collected on its behalf by East Cambridgeshire District Council.
Hussain Killer
Muhammad Hussain, commonly known as Hussain Killer, and sometimes misspelled as Hassan Killer, was a Pakistani footballer who played as a midfielder. He represented the Pakistan national football team and is regarded as one of the most prominent Pakistani footballers of the 1950s and 1960s. Hussain also played for East Bengal in India.

1956–57 Durand Cup final
The 1956–57 Durand Cup final was the 53rd final of the Durand Cup, the oldest football competition in India. It was contested between Kolkata giants East Bengal and Hyderabad City Police on 5 January 1957 at the Delhi Gate Stadium in New Delhi.

East Bengal won the final 2–0 to claim their 3rd Durand Cup title. Balasubramanium and Moosa Ghazi scored the goals for East Bengal in the final as East Bengal lifted their third Durand Cup title.
Alabama State Route 184
State Route 184 (SR 184) is a 14.891-mile (23.965 km) state highway that serves as an east-west connection between Sheffield and SR 101. SR 184 intersects US 43/US 72 at its western terminus and SR 101 at its eastern terminus in Lawrence County.

U.S. Route 72
U.S. Route 72 (US 72) is an east–west United States highway that travels for 317.811 miles (511.467 km) from southwestern Tennessee, throughout North Mississippi, North Alabama, and southeastern Tennessee. The highway's western terminus is in Memphis, Tennessee and its eastern terminus is in Chattanooga. It is the only U.S. Highway to begin and end in the same state, yet pass through other states in between. Prior to the U.S. Highway system signage being posted in 1926, the section eastward from Corinth, Mississippi (covering nearly three quarters of the route) was part of the Lee Highway.
Trako
Trako (officially Trako International Railway Fair) is the largest railway trade fair in Poland and the second largest in Europe.

The exhibition was held in Gdynia in 1996, 1998, and 1999, and since 2001, it has taken place in Gdańsk every two years as part of the Gdańsk International Fair. Since 2013, the event has been hosted at the AmberExpo exhibition and office complex, located at 11 Żaglowa Street in Gdańsk.

The project director is Dorota Daszkowska-Kosewska.

Newag
Newag S.A. (pronounced "nevag") is a Polish company, based in Nowy Sącz, specialising in the production, maintenance, and modernisation of railway rolling stock. The company's products include the 14WE, 19WE, 35WE types electric multiple units. The company has also developed the Nevelo prototype tram and formed a consortium with Siemens Mobility for final assembly of Siemens Inspiro metro trains for the Warsaw Metro and Sofia Metro.
Kevin Brown (punter)
Kevin Brown (born January 11, 1963) is an American former professional football player who was a punter in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the West Texas A&M Buffaloes.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Synthetic jet
In fluid dynamics, a synthetic jet flow—is a type of jet flow, which is made up of the surrounding  fluid. Synthetic jets are produced by periodic ejection and suction of fluid from an opening. This oscillatory motion may be driven by a piston or diaphragm inside a cavity among other ways.

A synthetic jet flow was so named by Ari Glezer since  the flow is "synthesized" from the surrounding or ambient fluid.  Producing a convectional jet requires an external source of fluid, such as piped-in compressed air or plumbing for water.

Fluid
In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force. They have zero shear modulus, or, in simpler terms, are substances which cannot resist any shear force applied to them.
Cover version
In popular music, a cover version, cover song, remake, revival, or simply cover is a new performance or recording by a musician other than the original performer or composer of the song. Originally, it referred to a version of a song released around the same time as the original in order to compete with it. Now, it refers to any subsequent version performed after the original.

Hit parade
A hit parade is a ranked list of the most popular recordings at a given point in time, usually determined either by sales or airplay. The term originated in the 1930s; Billboard magazine published its first music hit parade on January 4, 1936.  It has also been used by broadcast programs which featured hit (sheet music and record) tunes such as Your Hit Parade, which aired on radio and television in the United States from 1935 through the 1950s.
Sanne Cant
Sanne Cant (born 8 October 1990) is a Belgian former racing cyclist, who last competed in cyclo-cross for UCI Cyclo-cross Crelan–Corendon, and in road cycling for UCI Women's Continental Team Fenix–Deceuninck. Cant's cousin Loes Sels is also a professional cyclist.

Cant won the World Championship cyclo cross in the elite category in 2017, 2018, 2019, and won the European Cyclo-cross Championship in 2014, 2015 and 2017.

Belgian National Cyclo-cross Championships
The Belgian National Cyclo-cross Championships were first held in 1910, and have been held annually since 1921 (with a break in 1940 due to World War II) by the Royal Belgian Cycling Federation (KBWB/RLVB). Races are run for elite men, elite women, under 23 men, junior (under 18) men, juvenile men, various masters (amateur over 30) categories and by other organisations catering for veteran riders.
Beicang
Beicang Town (simplified Chinese: 北仓镇; traditional Chinese: 北倉鎮; pinyin: Běicāng Zhèn) is one of the nine towns of Beichen District, Tianjin, China. It shares border with Shuangjie and Dazhangzhuang Towns in its north, Xiaodian Town in its east, Guoyuanxincun and Jixianli Subdistricts in its southeast, Ruijing Subdistrict and Tianmu Town in its south, Qingyuan and Guangyuan Subdistricts in its southwest, as well as Qingguang and Shuangkou Towns in its west. In the year 2010, it is home to 46,921 residents.

The town got its name Beicang (Chinese: 北仓; lit. 'North Granary') during the Yuan Dynasty for storing food transported through the Grand Canal.

Ruijing Subdistrict
Ruijing Subdistrict (Chinese: 瑞景街道; pinyin: Ruìjǐng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict located on the southern portion of Beichen District, Tianjin, China. It is situated to the south of Beicang Town, west of Tianmu Town, north of Jiarongli and Shuanghuancun Subdistricts, and east of Qingguang Town. As of 2010, its population is 72,842.

In 2005, some territories from Tianmu, Qingguang and Beicang Towns were combined to from Jiarongli Subdistrict. Two years later, It was renamed to Ruijing Subdistrict. In 2012, southern part of Ruijing Subdistrict was separated and formed the current Jiarongli Subdistrict.
Emirate of Trarza
The Emirate of Trarza (arabic: إمارة ترارزة) was a pre-colonial state in what is today southwest Mauritania. It has survived as a traditional confederation of semi-nomadic people to the present day. Its name is shared with the modern Region of Trarza.  The population are Arab tribes.

Europeans later called these people Moors/Maures, and thus have titled this group "the Trarza Moors".

Ma al-'Aynayn
Muḥammad al-Muṣṭafā al-Qalqamī (Arabic: محمد المصطفى القلقمي; c. 10 February 1830 – 1910) also known as Māʾ al-ʿAynayn (Arabic: ماء العينين, lit. 'water of two eyes') was a Saharan Moorish religious and political leader who fought French and Spanish colonization in North Africa. He was the son of Mohammed Fadil Mamin (founder of the Fadiliyya, a Qadiriyya Sufi brotherhood), and the elder brother of Shaykh Saad Bouh, a prominent marabout (religious leader) in Mauritania.
2016 in archosaur paleontology
This archosaur paleontology list records new  fossil archosauriform taxa that were described during the year 2016, as well as notes other significant Archosaur paleontology discoveries and events which occurred during the year.

Coelurosauria
Coelurosauria from Greek κοῖλος (koîlos, "hollow") + οὐρά (ourá, "tail") + σαύρα (saúra, "lizard") +‎ -ia, meaning "hollow-tailed lizards", is the clade containing all theropod dinosaurs more closely related to birds than to carnosaurs.

Coelurosauria is a subgroup of theropod dinosaurs that includes compsognathids, tyrannosauroids, ornithomimosaurs, maniraptorans, and over the recent years, megaraptorans (although their position within the clade is unclear). Maniraptora includes birds, the only known dinosaur group alive today. In the past, Coelurosauria was used to refer to all small theropods, but this classification has since been amended.

Most feathered dinosaurs discovered so far have been coelurosaurs. Philip J. Currie had considered it likely and probable that all coelurosaurs were feathered. However, several skin impressions found for some members of this group show pebbly, scaly skin, indicating that feathers did not completely replace scales in all taxa.
Zeynab Jalalian
Zeynab Jalalian (Persian: زينب جلاليان; born March 10, 1982, in Dim Qeshlaq, Maku County) is a Kurdish Iranian who has been convicted a mohareb and sentenced to death by an Islamic Revolutionary Court for allegedly being a member of the Kurdish militant group PJAK, which she denies. Jalalian's sentence was later reduced to life imprisonment. Human rights organizations have condemned Jalalian's verdict, torture, conditions of incarceration and the inattention to her medical care.

Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)
The Ministry of Intelligence of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: وزارت اطّلاعات جمهوری اسلامی ایران, romanized: Vezarat-e Ettela'at Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran), also known as Ministry of Intelligence and Security is the primary intelligence agency of Iran and a member of the Iran Intelligence Community. It was initially known as SAVAMA, after it took over the Shah's intelligence apparatus SAVAK. The ministry is one of the three "sovereign" ministerial bodies of Iran due to nature of its work at home and abroad.
Kortgene
Kortgene is a small city in the southwest Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Noord-Beveland, Zeeland, about 15 km northeast of Middelburg. It received city rights in 1431, but was flooded in 1530 and 1532. The new settlement received city rights in 1684.

The town was first mentioned in 1247 as Cortkeen, and means "short creek". Kortgene received city rights in 1431, but disappeared in the floods of 1530 and 1532. In 1670, the area was given Willem Adriaan van Nassau who poldered the land. A village developed after the Stadspolder was enclosed by a dike in 1682. In 1684, the city rights were renewed.

Middelburg, Zeeland
Middelburg (Dutch: [ˈmɪdəlbʏr(ə)x] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the south-western Netherlands serving as the capital of the province of Zeeland. Situated on the central peninsula of the Zeeland province, Midden-Zeeland (consisting of former islands Walcheren, Noord-Beveland and Zuid-Beveland), it has a population of about 48,000.

In terms of technology, Middelburg played a role in the Scientific Revolution at the early modern period. The town was historically a center of lens crafting in the Golden Age of Dutch science and technology. The invention of the microscope and telescope is often credited to Middelburg spectacle-makers (including Zacharias Janssen and Hans Lipperhey) in the late 16th century and early 17th century.
Friends of Qalipu
The Friends of Qalipu Advocacy Association ('Qalipu' Pronounced: ha-lee-boo, meaning: Caribou), is a non-profit Newfoundland and Labrador group that are representing rejected applicants to the Qalipu Mi'kmaq First Nation.

Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador
The Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador is the superior court for the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.  The Supreme Court has jurisdiction to hear appeals in both criminal and civil matters from the Provincial Court and designated boards and administrative tribunals. The court also hear serious criminal cases in the first instances, matters of probate, and family law matters.

The Supreme Court consists of 29 judicial seats including the position of Chief Justice. Of the current justices, 4 sit with supernumerary status.