hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Term of patent in the United States
Under United States patent law, the term of patent, provided that maintenance fees are paid on time, is 20 years from the filing date of the earliest U.S. or international application (that is to say, an application under the PCT system) to which priority is claimed (excluding provisional applications).

The patent term in the United States was changed in 1995 to bring U.S. patent law into conformity with the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) as negotiated in the Uruguay Round. As a side effect, it is no longer possible to maintain submarine patents in the U.S., since the patent term now depends on the filing date, not the issue date.

Design patents have a shorter term than utility patents. Design patents filed on or after May 13, 2015, have a term of 15 years from issuance. Design patents filed prior to May 13, 2015, have a term of 14 years from issuance.

Uruguay Round Agreements Act
The Uruguay Round Agreements Act (URAA; Pub. L. 103–465, 108 Stat. 4809, enacted December 8, 1994) is an Act of Congress in the United States that implemented in U.S. law the Marrakesh Agreement of 1994. The Marrakesh Agreement was part of the Uruguay Round of negotiations which transformed the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) into the World Trade Organization (WTO).  One of its effects is to give United States copyright protection to foreign works that had previously been in the public domain in the United States.
That's Them
That's Them is the second studio album by American hip hop duo Artifacts. It was released on April 15, 1997, via Big Beat/Atlantic Records. The recording sessions took place at Platinum Island Studios, Unique Recording and Master Cutting Room in New York. The album was produced by Shawn J Period, Baby Paul, V.I.C., Gruff Rhino, Lord Finesse, Mr. Walt, and Rob "Reef" Tewlow, with co-producer Tame One and additional producer Showbiz. It features guest appearances from Lord Finesse and Lord Jamar.

The album debuted at number 134 on the Billboard 200, number 25 on the Top R&B Albums and number 3 on the Heatseekers Albums in the United States. It was supported with two singles: "Art of Facts" and "The Ultimate".

Unique Recording Studios
40°45′33″N 73°59′03″W﻿ / ﻿40.7592°N 73.9843°W﻿ / 40.7592; -73.9843

Unique Recording Studios was a five-room recording studio operating near Times Square in New York City from 1978 until 2004. Founders and co-owners Bobby Nathan and Joanne Georgio-Nathan installed the first Otari 24-track tape deck in New York. The studio was known for its extensive collection of synthesizers, which attracted Steve Winwood, who jammed for many hours in the process of creating his multi-Grammy winning album Back in the High Life (1986) at Unique.
2006 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey
The 2006 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey were held on November 4, 2006, to determine who will represent the state of New Jersey in the United States House of Representatives. New Jersey has thirteen seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms.

Frank LoBiondo
Frank Alo LoBiondo (/ˌloʊbiˈɒndoʊ/: born May 12, 1946) is an American businessman and politician who served as the U.S. representative for New Jersey's 2nd congressional district from 1995 to 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party. He represented all of Atlantic, Cape May, Cumberland and Salem Counties and parts of Camden, Gloucester, Burlington, and Ocean Counties.
In November 2017, LoBiondo announced that he would retire from Congress at the end of his term, and did not seek re-election in 2018.
Juan Viedma (athlete)
Juan Viedma is a paralympic athlete from Spain competing mainly in category F11 long and triple jump events.

Juan has competed in four paralympics starting with his home games in Spain in 1992.  He competed in the pentathlon and 100m before winning a silver in the long jump and gold in the triple jump.  The following games in 1996 he defended his triple jump gold medal but could only manage bronze in the long jump.  2000 saw him fail to medal in either of the jumps but he was part of the bronze medal-winning 4 × 100 m relay team for Spain.  He returned for a fourth games in 1996  where he competed in the long and triple jump but was unable to add any further medals.

1996 Summer Paralympics
The 1996 Summer Paralympic in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, were held from August 15 to 25. It was the first Paralympics to get mass media sponsorship, and had a budget of USD $81 million.

It was the first Paralympic Games where International Sports Federation for Persons with an Intellectual Disability athletes were given full medal status.
Cook Island, Tierra del Fuego
Cook Island, also known as London Island, is an island located in the Tierra del Fuego archipelago. It lies west of Gordon Island, south of O'Brien Island and east of Londonderry Island at the head of Cook Bay, within the Alberto de Agostini National Park.

Cook Island is the location of the Fueguino volcanic cones.

The island was named after Captain James Cook. Cook did not visit the island, but passed the mouth of Cook Bay on 19 December 1774. The bay was named in 1828 by Captain Henry Foster.

Gordon Island
Gordon Island (Spanish: Isla Gordon) is an island in the Tierra del Fuego archipelago located between the Tierra del Fuego (Isla Grande) and the Hoste Island. It divides the Beagle Channel in two arms, the Northwest arm or Pomar Channel and the Southwest arm.

At the east end of the island is located the lighthouse Punta Divide.
Wynne Paris
Wynne Paris (born June 22, 1964, in Redstone Arsenal, Alabama) was a new-age and world beat musician/producer with a special focus on yoga music and kirtan, the call-and-response singing of Bhakti yoga. His live performance combines Kirtan chanting, American music (jazz, gospel music, blues and rock music), world beat rhythms and raga scales. He sings in both English and Sanskrit. Paris plays a variety of musical instruments which include the guitar, sarod (a 26 stringed, sitar-like instrument from India), harmonium, saz (a stringed instrument in the lute family) and percussion. Wynne Paris died suddenly of a heart attack on March 22, 2021.

Sarod
The sarod is a stringed instrument, used in Hindustani music on the Indian subcontinent. Along with the sitar, it is among the most popular and prominent instruments. It is known for a deep, weighty, introspective sound, in contrast with the sweet, overtone-rich timbre of the sitar, with sympathetic strings that give it a resonant, reverberant quality. A fretless instrument, it can produce the continuous slides between notes known as meend (glissandi), which are important in Indian music.
Gloydius liupanensis
Gloydius liupanensis is a species of Asian moccasin from China, named after the Liupan Mountains where it was originally found. As with all pit vipers, it is venomous. The validity of the species is debated, but recent studies declare it as a valid species.

Gloydius
Gloydius is a genus of pit vipers endemic to Asia, also known as Asian moccasins or Asian ground pit vipers. Named after American herpetologist Howard K. Gloyd, this genus is very similar to the North American genus Agkistrodon. 24 species are currently recognized.
2003 Tour de France, Stage 10 to Stage 20
The 2003 Tour de France was the 90th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Paris with a prologue individual time trial on 5 July. The Stage 10 occurred on 15 July with a flat stage from Gap. The race finished on the Champs-Élysées, back in Paris, on 27 July.

Ax 3 Domaines
Ax 3 Domaines is a winter sports resort situated in the commune of Ax-les-Thermes, the department of Ariège and the Occitania region of France. Since 2001, the climb to the ski station has been used as a stage finish in the Tour de France cycle race.

On 6 July 2013, the eighth stage of the Tour de France finished in the resort at an altitude of 1,375 m (4,511 ft).
Dick Rockwell Field
Dick Rockwell Field is a ballpark located on the campus of Le Moyne College in Syracuse, New York. It is home to the Le Moyne Dolphins baseball team of the NCAA Division I Northeast Conference, and previously had hosted both the Syracuse Salt Cats and Syracuse Spartans of the New York Collegiate Baseball League. It is named after former Le Moyne head baseball coach and athletic director Dick Rockwell.

Le Moyne Dolphins baseball
The Le Moyne Dolphins baseball team is the varsity intercollegiate athletic team of the Le Moyne College in DeWitt, New York, United States. The team competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I, and has been a member of the Northeast Conference since 2024. They will become full members in the 2027 season, after finishing the four-year NCAA Division I reclassification period. Previously, the Dolphins had played in NCAA Division II in two separate stints. They were members of the Northeast-10 Conference from 1996 to 2023.

The 1989 team is best known for their play in an NCAA tournament game, in which they rallied from a 14-0 deficit to defeat Penn 18-16. Their subsequent victory the same night over Arizona State had them one win away from the College World Series. While they lost to Arkansas the next day, the 1989 team was honored with induction into the Athletics Hall of Fame.
Georgi Kostov
Georgi Georgiev Kostov (Bulgarian: Георги Георгиев Костов; 21 January 1941 – 19 January 2024) was a Bulgarian composer and politician. A member of the Bulgarian Socialist Party, he served in the National Assembly from 1995 to 1997 and was Minister of Culture from 1995 to 1996.

Kostov died in Sofia on 19 January 2024, at the age of 82.

Ministry of Culture (Bulgaria)
The Ministry of Culture (Bulgarian: Министерство на културата, Ministerstvo na kulturata) of the Republic of Bulgaria is the ministry charged with overseeing and stimulating the cultural work in the country and preserving its cultural heritage.
2023–24 Princeton Tigers men's ice hockey season
The 2023–24 Princeton Tigers Men's ice hockey season was the 121st season of play for the program and the 62nd in ECAC Hockey. The Tigers represented Princeton University, played their home games at the Hobey Baker Memorial Rink and were coached by Ron Fogarty in his 9th season.

Ron Fogarty
Ron Fogarty is a Canadian ice hockey coach and former player who is currently the head coach of the Omaha Lancers in the USHL. Fogarty was previously head coach of the men's program at Princeton University from 2014 through 2024.
Khvorjal-e Bala
Khvorjal-e Bala (Persian: خورجل بالا, also Romanized as Khvorjāl-e Bālā) is a village in Fin Rural District, Fin District, Bandar Abbas County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 13, in 4 families.

Fin Rural District
Fin Rural District (Persian: دهستان فین) is in Fin District of Bandar Abbas County, Hormozgan province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Fin. The rural district is home to the centuries-old Fin Castle.
Visual effects
Visual effects (sometimes abbreviated as VFX) is the process by which imagery is created or manipulated outside the context of a live-action shot in filmmaking and video production.
The integration of live-action footage and other live-action footage or computer-generated imagery (CGI) elements to create realistic imagery is called VFX.

VFX involves the integration of live-action footage (which may include in-camera special effects) and generated-imagery (digital or optics, animals or creatures) which look realistic, but would be dangerous, expensive, impractical, time-consuming or impossible to capture on film. Visual effects using CGI have more recently become accessible to the independent filmmaker with the introduction of affordable and relatively easy-to-use animation and compositing software.

Character animation
Character animation is a specialized area of the animation process, which involves bringing animated characters to life. The role of a character animator is analogous to that of a film or stage actor and character animators are often said to be "actors with a pencil" (or a mouse). Character animators breathe life in their characters, creating the illusion of thought, emotion and personality. Character animation is often distinguished from creature animation, which involves bringing photorealistic animals and creatures to life.
Barossa zone (wine)
Barossa zone is a wine zone located in central South Australia west of the Murray River and which occupies the Barossa Valley,  the Eden Valley and some adjoining land.  The zone which is enclosed by the Mount Lofty Ranges zone on three sides and by the Lower Murray zone to its east, contains two wine regions which have received appellation as Australian Geographical Indications (AGI). These are the Barossa Valley and Eden Valley regions. The Barossa zone also includes a broader area around these two defined regions.  The zone received AGI in 1996.

Lower Murray zone (wine)
Lower Murray zone is a wine zone located in the state of South Australia which covers the portion of the state south of a line of latitude approximately in line with Crystal Brook, east of a line of longitude approximately in line with Truro and north of a line of latitude approximately in line with Cape Willoughby at the east end of Kangaroo Island.  The zone is bounded by the following wine zones: Far North to its north, the Mount Lofty Ranges, Barossa and Fleurieu (from north to south) to its west and the Limestone Coast to its south.  The term ‘Lower Murray’ was registered as an Australian Geographical Indication under the Wine Australia Corporation Act 1980 on 7 December 1996.  As of 1998, the zone only contains one region - the Riverland.
Eden, Utah
Eden is a census-designated place in Weber County, Utah, United States. It is home to Powder Mountain ski resort. It lies between the North and Middle Fork of the Ogden River, north of Pineview Reservoir, in the Ogden Valley. The population was 690 at the 2020 census. It has a post office with the ZIP code 84310. Eden is part of the Ogden–Clearfield, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area, as well as the Ogden Valley census county division

Clearfield, Utah
Clearfield is a city in Davis County, Utah, United States. The population was 31,909 at the 2020 census. The city grew rapidly during the 1940s, with the formation of Hill Air Force Base, and in the 1950s with the nationwide increase in suburb and "bedroom" community populations and has been steadily growing since then.

Clearfield is a principal city of the Ogden-Clearfield metropolitan area, which includes all of Davis, Morgan, and Weber counties.
Aisin AF33 transmission
The Aisin AW AF33 is a 5-speed automatic transaxle developed and manufactured in Anjo, Japan by Aisin AW, a division of Aisin. It is designed to be used in transverse engine configurations in both FWD and AWD configurations.

The actual model codes are AW55-50SN and AW55-51SN. Manufactures have sometimes chosen own designations such as AF23, AF33 or AF33-5 (GM), RE5F22A (Nissan and Infiniti) or SU1 (Renault). Other manufacturers use the original designation(s) or minor variations of it such as AW55-50 LE (Volvo), AW 55-51 LE  (Opel)FA57 (Saab), and U150E/U151F/U250E (Toyota).

Volvo S40
The Volvo S40 is a series of subcompact executive cars marketed and produced by the Swedish manufacturer Volvo Cars from 1995 to 2012, offered as a more mainstream alternative to the compact executive Volvo 850 and later the Volvo S60 to compete in a lower pricing bracket. The S40 was more or less positioned against premium-leaning small family cars like the Volkswagen Jetta, as well as some mass-market large family cars.

The first generation (1995–2004) was introduced in 1995 with the S40 (S from saloon) and V40 (V from versatility, estate) cars.

The second generation was released in 2003, and the estate variant became differentiated from the sedan, having its name changed to V50.

The range was replaced by the Volvo V40 five door hatchback in 2012.
Thomas L. Monahan III
Thomas L. Monahan III is an American businessman and chief executive officer (CEO) of global leadership advisory firm Heidrick & Struggles.
Monahan also serves as managing partner of Norton Street Holdings and was previously president and CEO of DeVry University. He currently serves on the boards of Johns Hopkins Health System, the Boys & Girls Clubs of America, and The Nature Conservancy of MD and DC.

DeVry University
DeVry University (/dəˈvraɪ/) is a private for-profit university in the United States. It offers both onsite (campus-based) and online programs. The university was founded in 1931 by Herman A. DeVry and is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. It has been the subject of several government investigations and lawsuits alleging false or deceptive claims.
Intel740
The Intel740, or i740 (codenamed Auburn), is a 350 nm graphics processing unit using the Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) interface, released by Intel on February 12, 1998. Intel was hoping to use the i740 to popularize AGP while most graphics vendors were still using PCI. Released to enormous fanfare, the i740 proved to have disappointing real-world performance, and sank from view after only a few months on the market. Some of its technology lived on in the form of Intel Extreme Graphics, and the concept of an Intel produced graphics processor lives on in the form of Intel Graphics Technology and Intel Arc.

Texture mapping
Texture mapping is a term used in computer graphics to describe how 2D images are projected onto 3D models. The most common variant is the UV unwrap, which can be described as an inverse paper cutout, where the surfaces of a 3D model are cut apart so that it can be unfolded into a 2D coordinate space (UV space).
Magazine (Heart album)
Magazine is the second studio album by American rock band Heart. It was originally released on April 19, 1977, by Mushroom Records in unfinished form, without the band's permission. A second, authorized version of the album was released on April 22, 1978. The album has been certified platinum in both the United States and Canada.

Ann Wilson
Ann Dustin Wilson (born June 19, 1950) is an American singer best known as the lead singer of the rock band Heart.

Wilson has been a member of Heart since the early 1970s; her younger sister, Nancy Wilson, is also a member of the band. One of the first hard rock bands fronted by women, Heart released numerous albums between 1975 and 2016; the early Heart albums Dreamboat Annie (1975) and Little Queen (1977) generated classic hard rock singles such as "Magic Man", "Crazy on You", and "Barracuda". Heart has sold over 35 million records worldwide, placed 29 singles on the Billboard Hot 100, and has scored top 10 albums on the Billboard 200 in the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, and 2010s.

Wilson was ranked no. 78 in Hit Parader's 2006 list of "Greatest rock Vocalists of All Time". In 2013, she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Heart. She is known for her operatic abilities.
Sulfuryl
In inorganic chemistry, the sulfuryl group is a functional group consisting of a sulfur atom covalently bound to two oxygen atoms (S(=O)2X2).

It occurs in compounds such as sulfuryl chloride, SO2Cl2 and sulfuryl fluoride, SO2F2.

In organic chemistry, this group is found in sulfones (RSO2R′) and sulfonyl halides (RSO2X), where it is called the sulfonyl group.

Sulfuryl fluoride
Sulfuryl fluoride (also spelled sulphuryl fluoride) is an inorganic compound with the formula SO2F2. It is an easily condensed gas and has properties more similar to sulfur hexafluoride than sulfuryl chloride, being resistant to hydrolysis even up to 150 °C. It is neurotoxic and a potent greenhouse gas, but is widely used as a fumigant insecticide to control termites.
Cheyenne High School (Cheyenne, Wyoming)
The Cheyenne High School at 2810 House Avenue in Cheyenne, Wyoming is a Late Gothic Revival-style building which was built in 1921.  It has also been known as Central High School and as Laramie County School District No.1 Administration Building and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

It is a three-story Collegiate Gothic style building which is 250 by 220 feet (76 m × 67 m) in plan.  Its walls are reinforced concrete with brick faces.  It was designed by architect William Dubois and built by contractor John W. Howard.

The school district served was eventually split up.  See Cheyenne Central High School, Cheyenne East High School, and Cheyenne South High School.

Cheyenne East High School
Cheyenne East High School is a public high school located in Cheyenne, Wyoming with approximately 1,500 students enrolled in grades nine through twelve. It serves Laramie County School District #1. Students from East Triad schools attend East High School. These schools include: Carey JHS, Alta Vista ES, Anderson ES, Baggs ES, Buffalo Ridge ES, Dildine ES, Henderson ES, Meadowlark ES, and Saddle Ridge ES. The current principal is Marc Kerschner, with his associate principals, Evan Helenbolt, Gina Huges, and David Haggerty.

As of the 2022-23 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,513 students and 98 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 15.4:1. There was 318 students (21% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 143 (9.45% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.
Kua Ruins
Kua or Ruins of Kua (Swahili: Magofu ya mji wa kale wa Kua) is a Medieval Swahili, National Historic Site located  in Jibondo ward of Mafia District in Pwani Region of Tanzania. The site is located on Juani Island of the Mafia Archipelago.  As of 2016, the  site is currently on the list of 50 at-risk cultural heritage sites in 36 countries.

Muhammad al-Idrisi
Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Idrisi al-Qurtubi al-Hasani as-Sabti, or simply al-Idrisi /ælɪˈdriːsiː/ (Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد الإدريسي القرطبي الحسني السبتي; Latin: Dreses; 1100–1165), was an Arab Muslim geographer and cartographer who served in the court of King Roger II at Palermo, Sicily. Muhammad al-Idrisi was born in Ceuta, then belonging to the Almoravid dynasty. He created the Tabula Rogeriana, one of the most advanced medieval world maps. al-Idrisi stands as one of the most celebrated cartographers and geographical scholars from the Islamic world, exemplifying the intellectual figures who preserved and advanced the Arabic culture and traditions during the Era of the Normans in medieval Sicily.