hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Costanzo Preve
Costanzo Preve (14 April 1943 – 23 November 2013) was an Italian philosopher and a political theoretician.

Preve is widely considered one of the most important anti-capitalist European thinkers and a renowned expert in the history of Marxism. His thought is based on the Ancient Greek and idealistic tradition philosophy under the influence of Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Karl Marx. He is author of many essays and volumes about philosophical interpretation, communitarianism and universalism.

André Tosel
André Tosel (15 June 1941 – 14 March 2017) was a French Marxist philosopher and academic administrator. He taught Philosophy at the University of Franche-Comté and Pantheon-Sorbonne University until he became a full professor of philosophy at the University of Nice Sophia Antipolis. He served as its vice president from 1992 to 1998, and as the director of its Center for the History of Ideas from 1998 to 2003. He was the author of several books about Marxism and Marxist theorists.
R-12 Dvina
The R-12 Dvina was a theatre ballistic missile developed and deployed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Its GRAU designation was 8K63 (8K63U or 8K63У in Cyrillic for silo-launched version), and it was given the NATO reporting name of SS-4 Sandal. The R-12 rocket provided the Soviet Union with the capability to attack targets at medium ranges with a megaton-class thermonuclear warhead and constituted the bulk of the Soviet offensive missile threat to Western Europe. Deployments of the R-12 missile in Cuba caused the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. A total of 2335 missiles were produced; all were destroyed in 1993 under the START II treaty.

As well as the single-stage ballistic technology, the R-12 Dvina had a two-stage capability that allowed payloads to be placed into low Earth orbit.

The unbuilt Iranian Shahab-4 missile is likely an offshoot of the R-12 Dvina.

R-7 Semyorka
The R-7 Semyorka (Russian: Р-7 Семёрка, lit. 'number seven', GRAU index: 8K71) was a Soviet missile developed during the Cold War, and the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile. The R-7 made 28 launches between 1957 and 1961. A derivative, the R-7A, was operational from 1960 to 1968. To the West it was unknown until its launch (later it would get the NATO reporting name SS-6 Sapwood). In modified form, it launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, into orbit, and became the basis for the R-7 family which includes Sputnik, Luna, Molniya, Vostok, and Voskhod space launchers, as well as later Soyuz variants. Various modifications are still in use and it has become the world's most reliable space launcher.
Berazategui Partido
Berazategui is a partido in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. With an area of 188 km2 (73 sq mi) and a population of 320,224 (2010 census [INDEC]), it is at the southeast of the Greater Buenos Aires urban conglomerate, and its capital is Berazategui city.

It was part of the Quilmes Partido until 1960.

The majority of the population are concentrated in the city of Berazategui, which has an important commercial district with a pedestrian centre.

Berazategui is also home to Asociación Deportiva Berazategui, a football club that play in the regionalised 4th division of Argentine football.

Quilmes Partido
Quilmes is a partido of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, within the Gran Buenos Aires conurbation.

It has an area of 125 square kilometres (48 sq mi), and a population of 580,829 (2010 census [INDEC]), making it the third-most populous partido in the Gran Buenos Aires. Named after the Quilmes Tribe, its capital is the city of Quilmes. The partido is largely impoverished and low-income.
PropBank
PropBank is a corpus that is annotated with verbal propositions and their arguments—a "proposition bank". Although "PropBank" refers to a specific corpus produced by Martha Palmer et al., the term propbank is also coming to be used as a common noun referring to any corpus that has been annotated with propositions and their arguments.

The PropBank project has played a role in recent research in natural language processing, and has been used in semantic role labelling.

Text corpus
In linguistics and natural language processing, a corpus (pl.: corpora) or text corpus is a dataset, consisting of  natively digital and older, digitalized, language resources, either annotated or unannotated. Annotated, they have been used in corpus linguistics for statistical hypothesis testing, checking occurrences or validating linguistic rules within a specific language territory.
Wu Shih-yi
Wu Shih-yi (Chinese: 吳詩儀; born 27 April 1998) is a Taiwanese boxer.

Wu began boxing at the age of thirteen. Wu completed in boxing at the 2018 Asian Games in the women's 60 kg, losing to eventual silver medalist Sudaporn Seesondee. At the 2018 AIBA Women's World Boxing Championships, Wu contested as a lightweight, losing to Karina Ibragimova. Wu earned a silver medal at the 2019 Asian Amateur Boxing Championships in April, then lost to Wang Cong in the October 2019 AIBA Women's World Boxing Championships, which she contested as a lightweight. In March 2020, Wu qualified to represent Chinese Taipei in the 2020 Summer Olympics. Three years later, she qualified for the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Wang Cong
Wang Cong (Chinese: 王聪; pinyin: Wáng Cōng; born 15 May 1992) is a Chinese mixed martial artist, boxer and Sanda kickboxer currently competing in the women's Flyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). She was the Kunlun Fight Women's Lightweight Champion as well as the Kunlun Fight 2018 Legend of Mulan Tournament winner. As of February 10, 2026, she is #11 in the UFC women's flyweight rankings.

With regards to her amateur credentials, she won a gold medal in Sanda at the 2013 World Wushu Championships and another gold medal at the 2014 Asian Games. She won a silver medal in amateur boxing at the 2019 World Championships.
California National University for Advanced Studies
California National University for Advanced Studies was an online university headquartered in Torrance, California. The college is accredited by the Distance Education and Training Council.

The California National University closed on January 19, 2018 and reopened in January 24, 2019.

Distance Education Accrediting Commission
The Distance Education Accrediting Commission (DEAC; formerly the National Home Study Council and then the Distance Education and Training Council) is a private and non-profit national educational accreditation agency in the United States specializing in the accreditation of (51 percent or more of) distance education programs of study and institutions. The DEAC is recognized as a U.S. institutional accreditor by both the United States Department of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation.
Mazubaghsar
Mazubaghsar (Persian: مازوباغسر, also Romanized as Māzūbāghsar) is a village in Chehel Shahid Rural District, in the Central District of Ramsar County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 184, in 57 families.

Chehel Shahid Rural District
Chehel Shahid Rural District (Persian: دهستان چهل شهيد) is in Dalkhani District of Ramsar County, Mazandaran province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chalakrud. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Galesh Mahalleh, now the city of Dalkhani.
Klein Furkahorn
The Klein Furkahorn (3,026 m) is a mountain of the Urner Alps, overlooking the Furka Pass on the border between the Swiss cantons of Valais and Uri. It lies near the southern end of the Galenstock-Gross Furkahorn chain, east of the Rhone Glacier.

From the Furka Pass a trail leads to its summit.

Furka Pass
Furka Pass (German: Furkapass; French: Col de la Furka) is a 2,429 m (7,969 ft) high mountain pass in the southern Swiss Alps connecting Gletsch, Valais with Realp, Uri via the seasonal Furkapassroute. The Furka Oberalp Bahn bypasses the pass through the 1,390 m (4,560 ft) high Furka Base Tunnel, which opened in 1982 to replace the seasonal Furka Summit Tunnel at 2,160 metres (7,090 ft).

The Furka Pass was used as a location in the James Bond film Goldfinger, a curve of which is marked as "James Bond Strasse", complete with lookout point and small parking area. Near the western summit of the pass is the Hotel Belvédère; a short walk from it leads to the Rhône Glacier Ice Grotto. The glacier moves 30–40 metres a year, and the 100 metre long tunnel and ice chamber are due to climate disruption closed for ever.
2014 IPC Swimming European Championships
The 2014 IPC Swimming European Championships was an international swimming competition held in Eindhoven, the Netherlands, from the 4th to the 10th of August. Around 375 athletes from 35 different countries attended. The venue, the Pieter van den Hoogenband Swimming Stadium, also held the 2010 IPC Swimming World Championships.

2013 IPC Swimming World Championships
The 2013 IPC Swimming World Championships was the seventh IPC Swimming World Championships, an international swimming competition, the biggest meet for athletes with a disability since the 2012 Summer Paralympics. It was held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada and lasted from 12 to 18 August. Around 530 athletes competed from 57 different countries. The event was held in the Parc Jean Drapeau Aquatic Complex located at the Parc Jean-Drapeau in Montreal. 172 events were contested with 43 new world records set.
Edwin O. Keeler
Edwin Olmstead Keeler (January 12, 1846 in Ridgefield – December 4, 1923) was an American banker and Republican Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut from 1901 to 1903.

He had previously served as the first mayor of Norwalk, Connecticut from 1893 to 1894. He was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from 1893 to 1896, and was a member of the Connecticut Senate representing the 12th District from 1897 to 1900. He served as President pro tempore of the Connecticut Senate. He served as a delegate to the Republican National Convention from Connecticut in 1896.

Presidents pro tempore of the Connecticut Senate
The Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut serves as the President of the Connecticut Senate, but only casts a vote if required to break a tie. In his or her absence, the President Pro Tempore of the Connecticut Senate presides. The President pro tempore is elected by the majority party caucus followed by confirmation of the entire Senate through a Senate Resolution. The President pro tempore is the chief leadership position in the Senate. The Senate majority and minority leaders are elected by their respective party caucuses.

The current President pro tempore of the Connecticut Senate is Martin M. Looney, a Democrat who has served since 2015.
Mianwal Araian
Mianwal Araian is a village in Shahkot in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from Shahkot, 22 kilometres (14 mi) from Nakodar, 46 kilometres (29 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 177 kilometres (110 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of the village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Shahkot, India
Shahkot is a small city and one of the five tehsils of Jalandhar district in Punjab, India. Shahkot is situated on Jalandhar-Moga-Barnala-Sirsa National Highway 703 (Old NH 71). Shahkot is administered by the Municipal Committee. About 176 villages belong to Shahkot tehsil.
1903 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team
The 1903 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team represented the University of Nebraska as an independent during the 1903 college football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Walter C. Booth, the Cornhuskers compiled a record of 10–0, excluding one exhibition game. Nebraska played home games at Antelope Field in Lincoln, Nebraska.

Nebraska went undefeated for the second straight season, setting a new program record with 22 consecutive victories. One newspaper of the time wrote "Nebraska occupies a unique position in western football. Too strong to find fearful competitors, the Cornhuskers can almost weep with Alexander the Great because they have no more teams to conquer."

Antelope Field
Antelope Field was a multi-sport stadium on the campus of the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, Nebraska. It was the home venue for the Nebraska Cornhuskers football, baseball, and track and field teams from 1897 until it was demolished to make room for academic facilities in 1907. Following its closure, Nebraska played the 1908 football season at M Street Park before moving to Nebraska Field in 1909.

The contemporary name of the venue is unclear. It is now typically called Antelope Field but while in use it was most often referred to as simply the "athletic field," "campus field," or "Nebraska Field" (the name that would be officially applied to its successor).
Philippine Arena
The Philippine Arena is a multipurpose indoor arena located within the Ciudad de Victoria tourism enterprise zone in the towns of Bocaue and Santa Maria, Bulacan, Philippines. It is located about 30 kilometers (19 mi) north of Manila. With a maximum seating capacity of 55,000, it is the world's largest indoor arena, and one of the centerpieces of the many centennial projects built by the Iglesia ni Cristo (INC) for their centennial celebration on July 27, 2014. The arena is legally owned by the New Era University, an educational institution of the INC. The arena was officially recognized by the Guinness World Records as the largest mixed-use indoor theater in the world on July 27, 2014.

2014–15 PBA Philippine Cup
The 2014–15 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) Philippine Cup was the first conference of the 2014–15 PBA season. The tournament began on October 19, 2014, and ended on January 21, 2015. The tournament does not allow teams to hire foreign players or imports.
Alipur Khalsa
Alipur Khalsa is a village in Harchandpur block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 5 km from Raebareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, its population is 570, in 114 households. It has no schools and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Alipur Khalsa as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 281 people (144 male and 137 female), in 148 households and 141 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 165 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Alipur Khalsa as having a population of 340 people, in 70 households, and having an area of 70.01 hectares. The main staple foods were given as wheat and rice.

Harchandpur
Harchandpur is a village and corresponding community development block in Raebareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on the Baiti river, which is a tributary of the Sai, and it is northeast from the district headquarters on the road to Lucknow. Particularly since the coming of the railway in the 1800s, Harchandpur serves as one of the main commercial centres for the surrounding region; it is also a major exporter of local goods. As of 2011, its population is 4,348 people, in 833 households.

Harchandpur is also a constituency of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, under the district of Raebareli. The Pin Code of the town is 229303 and there are 47 Gram panchayats under Harchandpur.
Nerother Kopf
The Nerother Kopf is the conical hill of an extinct volcano (a cinder cone) near Neroth in the Eifel mountains. It is 651.7 m above sea level (NHN) and situated in the county of Vulkaneifel in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

Neroth
Neroth is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Gerolstein, whose seat is in the like-named town.
1068 Nofretete
1068 Nofretete (/nɒfrəˈtiːtə/), provisional designation 1926 RK, is a stony asteroid from the background population in the outer asteroid belt, approximately 23 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 13 September 1926, by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle. The asteroid was named after the Ancient Egyptian Queen Nefertiti by its German name "Nofretete". The near-Earth asteroid 3199 Nefertiti is also named after her.

Eugène Joseph Delporte
Eugène Joseph Delporte (10 January 1882 – 19 October 1955) was a Belgian astronomer born in Genappe.

He discovered a total of sixty-six asteroids. Notable discoveries include 1221 Amor (which lent its name to the Amor asteroids) and the Apollo asteroid 2101 Adonis. He discovered or co-discovered some comets as well, including periodic comet 57P/du Toit-Neujmin-Delporte. He worked in the Observatoire Royal de Belgique (Belgian Royal Observatory), situated in the town of Uccle (after which the asteroid 1276 Ucclia is named). He started there in 1903 after receiving his doctorate that year from the Free University of Brussels.

In 1930 he published, on behalf of the IAU, a work delineating the modern boundaries between all of the 88 official constellations in the sky, along lines of constant right ascension and declination for the epoch B1875.0.

The Florian asteroid 1274 Delportia (discovered by himself) and the lunar impact crater Delporte were named after him.
Kenny Tate
Kenny Tate (born May 15, 1990) is a former professional gridiron football defensive end. He signed as undrafted free agent by the Winnipeg Blue Bombers in 2014. He played college football at the University of Maryland as a safety, wide receiver, defensive end, defensive tackle, and linebacker. He was a highly touted college prospect and considered one of the best interscholastic players in the nation.

Punt (gridiron football)
In gridiron football, a punt is a kick performed by dropping the ball from the hands and then kicking the ball before it hits the ground. The most common use of this tactic is to punt the ball downfield to the opposing team, usually on the final down, with the hope of maximizing the distance the opposing team must advance in order to score. The result of a typical punt, barring any penalties or extraordinary circumstances, is a first down for the receiving team. A punt is not to be confused with a drop kick, a kick after the ball hits the ground, now rare in both American and Canadian football.

The type of punt leads to different motion of the football. Alex Moffat invented the now-common spiral punt, as opposed to end-over-end.
Trey Mancini
Joseph Anthony "Trey" Mancini III (born March 18, 1992) is an American professional baseball first baseman, outfielder, and designated hitter in the Los Angeles Angels organization. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles, Houston Astros, and Chicago Cubs. His nickname "Boomer", originally "Boom Boom" after Ray Mancini, morphed into its current form when he enrolled at the University of Notre Dame. The Orioles selected Mancini in the eighth round of the 2013 MLB draft. He made his MLB debut in 2016 with the Orioles.

Mancini was diagnosed with colon cancer in early 2020, consequently missing the entire shortened season. Upon his recovery, Mancini returned to baseball in 2021 and was subsequently awarded the AL Comeback Player of the Year. In 2022, he was traded mid-season to the Astros, with whom he won the 2022 World Series.

Ray Mancini
Ray Mancini (born Raymond Michael Mancino; March 4, 1961), better known as "Boom Boom" Mancini, is an American former professional boxer who competed professionally from 1979 to 1992 and who has since worked as an actor and sports commentator. He held the WBA lightweight title from 1982 to 1984. Mancini inherited his nickname from his father, boxer Lenny Mancini. In 2015, Mancini was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame.
Lyudmila Sorokina
Lyudmila Andreevna Sorokina  (Russian: Людми́ла Андре́евна Соро́кина; 19 August 1944 – 22 September 1998) was a Soviet Russian teacher, museum worker, and the first chief of the Museum of the Air Forces of the Northern Fleet.

Murmansk Oblast
Murmansk Oblast is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia, located in the northwestern part of the country, with a total land area of 144,900 square kilometres (55,900 sq mi). Its only internal border is the Republic of Karelia to the south, and it is bordered internationally by Finland to the west and Norway to the northwest and the Barents Sea lies to the north and White Sea lies to the south and east. Its administrative center is the city of Murmansk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 795,409; however, at the 2021 Census, the population had declined to 667,744.
Mirshad Majedi
Seyed Mirshad Majedi (Persian: میرشاد ماجدی سید born 14 December 1968) is a retired Iranian football player and administrator who is acting president of Football Federation Islamic Republic of Iran from February to August 2022. He was team manager of Esteghlal and Police Tero F.C  and Iran national team.

1990–91 Asian Club Championship
The 1990–91 Asian Club Championship was the 10th edition of the annual Asian club football competition hosted by Asian Football Confederation.
Representative clubs of 30 Asian countries played games in this tournament.
Esteghlal FC from Iran won the final and became Asian champions for the second time. They are championed in 1970 as Taj.
1977 Men's European Volleyball Championship
The 1977 Men's European Volleyball Championship was the tenth edition of the event, organized by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in Helsinki, Finland, Tampere, Turku and Oulu from September 25 to October 2, 1977, with the final round held in Helsinki.

Men's European Volleyball Championship
The Men's European Volleyball Championship (EuroVolley) is the official competition for senior men's national volleyball teams of Europe, organized by the European Volleyball Confederation (CEV). The initial gap between championships was variable, but since 1975 they have been awarded every two years. The current champion is Poland, which won its second title at the 2023 tournament.
Kookne
Kookne is a prehistoric ornithuran genus from the Late Cretaceous. Known from a coracoid, the remains of the only known species Kookne yeutensis were found in rocks from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Chorrillo Formation of Santa Cruz, Argentina.

Ornithurae
Ornithurae (meaning "bird tails" in Greek) is a natural group that includes modern birds and their very close relatives such as the ichthyornithines and the hesperornithines. This clade is defined in the PhyloCode by Juan Benito and colleagues in 2022 as "the smallest clade containing Ichthyornis dispar, Hesperornis regalis, and Vultur gryphus".
Terry Friedman
Terence Frederick Friedman (1940-2013) was an American-born art and architectural historian and museum curator. After his death in Leeds, UK, The Sculpture Journal, in their tribute, defined him as ‘a rare being - a scholar curator working in a regional museum, and an outstanding art historian, educator and collector’. He was also a highly acclaimed author and respected as a leading authority on 18th century ecclesiastical architecture. His book, The Eighteenth-Century Church in Britain, the first substantial study of the subject to appear in over half a century, won the William MB Berger Prize for British Art History in 2012.

Leeds Art Gallery
Leeds Art Gallery in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, is a gallery, part of the Leeds Museums & Galleries group, whose collection of 20th-century British Art was designated by the British government in 1997 as a collection "of national importance". Its collection also includes 19th-century and earlier art works. It is a grade II listed building owned and administered by Leeds City Council, linked on the West to Leeds Central Library and on the East via a bridge to the Henry Moore Institute with which it shares some sculptures. A Henry Moore sculpture, Reclining Woman: Elbow (1981), stands in front of the entrance. The entrance hall contains Leeds' oldest civic sculpture, a 1712 marble statue of Queen Anne.

In front of the gallery is Victoria Square, at the eastern end of which is the city's war memorial. This square is often used for rallies and demonstrations because of the speakers' dais provided by the raised entrance to the gallery.