hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abell 2744 Y1
Abell 2744 Y1 is a galaxy located in the Abell 2744 galaxy cluster, 13 billion light years away in the Sculptor constellation. It is 2,300 light years in diameter, 50 times smaller than the Milky Way galaxy, but producing 10 times more stars. The galaxy was discovered in July 2014 by an international team led by astronomers from the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) and La Laguna University (ULL) as part of the Frontier Fields program with the help of NASA’s Spitzer and Hubble Space Telescopes.

Sculptor (constellation)
Sculptor is a faint constellation in the southern sky. It represents a sculptor. It was introduced by Nicolas Louis de Lacaille in the 18th century. He originally named it Apparatus Sculptoris (the sculptor's studio), but the name was later shortened.
2023 Rugby World Cup – Europe qualification
The European qualification tournament for the 2023 Rugby World Cup was contested between March 2021 and March 2022. Six teams not already qualified via their performance at the 2019 Rugby World Cup competed for two direct qualification spots in the final tournament and for a place in the Final Qualification Tournament.

2023 Rugby World Cup qualifying
The qualification process for the 2023 Rugby World Cup in France began during the pool stages of the 2019 tournament in Japan, at which the top three teams from each of the four pools qualified automatically for the 2023 event. A further eight teams qualified through regional, cross-regional play-offs and the repechage process.

The qualifying matches began on 5 June 2021, when Burkina Faso defeated Burundi 52–3 in the first round of the African Qualification. The qualification process concluded in November 2022 with the Final Qualification Tournament.
Wadi Bana
The Wadi Bana is a major wadi of southwestern Yemen. It flows from the mountains through the Abyan Governorate and eventually enters the Gulf of Aden in between the towns of Al Kawd (to the west) and the regional capital of Zinjibar (to the east). The wadi reportedly receives the most rainfall in the entire country, which accounts for the agricultural lands which have grown up near its mouth in an otherwise barren country. Its mouth is located at 13°03′52″N 45°23′10″E﻿ / ﻿13.06444°N 45.38611°E﻿ / 13.06444; 45.38611.

Abyan Governorate
Abyan (Arabic: أَبْيَنْ ʾAbyan) is a governorate of Yemen.  The Abyan region was historically part of the Fadhli Sultanate.  It was a base to the Aden-Abyan Islamic Army militant group. Its capital is the city of Zinjibar.  This governorate is noted for its agriculture, in particular the cultivation of date palms and animal husbandry.
London South and Surrey East (European Parliament constituency)
Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency of London South and Surrey East was one of them. It was merged from the London South and Surrey constituencies.

When it was created in England in 1984, it consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies of Carshalton and Wallington, Croydon Central, Croydon North East, Croydon North West, Croydon South, East Surrey, Reigate and Sutton and Cheam. In 1989, the Surrey Mirror reported that the total electorate was around 454,000.

In boundary changes which took effect at the 1994 European Election, it lost the Reigate constituency but gained Epsom and Ewell.

East Surrey (UK Parliament constituency)
East Surrey is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2019 by Claire Coutinho, a Conservative who formerly served as Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero. The seat covers an affluent area in the English county of Surrey.

Since its creation in 1918, East Surrey has elected a Conservative MP at every general election. Before the 2024 general election, this Conservative victory took the form of an absolute majority (over 50% of the vote) at every general election, one of few seats that can make this claim, and is therefore regarded as a Conservative safe seat. Its greatest share of the vote for any opposition candidate was 33.75% in February 1974.
Esmail Farivar
Esmail Farivar (Persian: اسماعیل فریور) was an Iranian pan-Iranist politician who served as a member of parliament from 1967 to 1971, representing Rezaiyeh. Farivar was a graduate of political science from University of Tehran, and for some time worked as an attaché at the Iranian embassy in Paris.

Urmia (electoral district)
Urmia (electoral district) is a biggest electoral district in the West Azerbaijan Province of Iran. This electoral district has a population of 936,738 and elects 3 members of parliament. Urmia elections on the basis of ethnicity and religion.
Hyper-finite field
In mathematics, a hyper-finite field is an uncountable field similar in many ways to finite fields. More precisely a field F is called hyper-finite if it is uncountable and quasi-finite, and for every subfield E, every absolutely entire E-algebra (regular field extension of E)  of smaller cardinality than F can be embedded in F. They were introduced by Ax (1968). Every hyper-finite field is a pseudo-finite field, and is in particular a model for the first-order theory of finite fields.

Quasi-finite field
In mathematics, a quasi-finite field is a generalisation of a finite field. Standard local class field theory usually deals with complete valued fields whose residue field is finite (i.e., non-archimedean local fields), but the theory applies equally well when the residue field is only assumed quasi-finite.
Newport (steamboat)
Newport was an American steamboat built in 1908 at Yaquina City, Oregon.  Now a ghost town, Yaquina City was then the terminus of the Corvallis & Eastern Railroad.  For many years Newport transported excursionists in the summer months across a short water route between Yaquina City and the town of Newport, Oregon.

Newport was originally built as a steam-powered vessel, and used some of the components, including the boiler, from an earlier steamer, the T.M. Richardson.

Although only a small wooden vessel, Newport, with the aid of an unpowered barge lashed alongside, transported as many as 500 passengers at a time on the short trip across Yaquina Bay.  In 1914, to accommodate anticipated greater patronage of the rail line, Newport was converted to gasoline engine power.

Newport, Oregon
Newport is a city in and the county seat of Lincoln County, Oregon, United States. It was incorporated in 1882 with the name dating back to the establishment of a post office in 1868. Newport was named for Newport, Rhode Island. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 10,256.

It is also home of the Oregon Coast Aquarium, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Nye Beach, Yaquina Head Light, Yaquina Bay Light, Newport Sea Lion Docks, Pacific Maritime Heritage Center, and the former Rogue Ales. The city is the western terminus of U.S. Route 20, a cross-country highway that originates in Boston and is the longest road in the United States.
1996 Japan Open Tennis Championships – Women's doubles
The 1996 Japan Open Tennis Championships included this tournament in women's doubles.  Miho Saeki and Yuka Yoshida were the defending champions but lost in the first round to Sung-Hee Park and Shi-Ting Wang.

Kimiko Date and Ai Sugiyama won in the final 7–6, 6–7, 6–3 against Amy Frazier and Kimberly Po.

1996 Japan Open Tennis Championships
The 1996 Japan Open Tennis Championships was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Ariake Coliseum in Tokyo in Japan that was part of the Championship Series of the 1996 ATP Tour and of Tier III of the 1996 WTA Tour. The tournament ran from April 15 through April 21, 1996. Pete Sampras and Kimiko Date won the singles titles.
Branchinella ornata
Branchinella ornata is a species within the family Thamnocephalidae. This fairy shrimp species is found in parts of Southern Africa, notably the Sua and Nwetwe Pans of the Makgadikgadi Pans in Botswana.

Thamnocephalidae
Thamnocephalidae is a family of anostracan branchiopod crustaceans with wide distribution including Western Australia, Southern Africa and South America. It was originally described as a subfamily of Branchipodidae by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1883, and elevated to the rank of family by Simon in 1886. Six genera are recognised, in two subfamilies:

Branchinellinae

Branchinella Sayce, 1903

Dendrocephalus Daday, 1908

Phallocryptus Birabén, 1951

Spiralifrons Dixon, 2010

Thamnocephalinae

Carinophallus Rogers, 2006

Thamnocephalus Packard, 1879
Mizoram Premier League
The Mizoram Premier League (also known as GIG MOTORS Mizoram Premier League for sponsorship reasons) is the highest state-level football league in Mizoram, India. On a national scale, it is the 5th tier of Indian football league system. The competition is conducted by the Mizoram Football Association, the official football body of Mizoram, with Tetea Hmar as its secretary and key promoter. The league started on 24 October 2012 for the first time.

Indian State Leagues
State football leagues in India represent the premier-state and 5th-10th overall men's and 3rd women's tier of the Indian football league system. There are currently 36 state associations affiliated with the national governing body, the All India Football Federation (AIFF).

Most of the state associations organise and have own affiliated football competitions in their respective states. The state leagues operate as a system of promotion and relegation with I-League 3 (men's), Indian Women's League 2 (women's), and lower regional leagues. Clubs of top national leagues (Indian Super League and I-League) also participate in their respective state leagues, most often with youth or reserve teams.
2023 KW Fall Classic
The 2023 KW Fall Classic was held from September 14 to 17 at the KW Granite Club in Waterloo, Ontario. The men's event was held in a triple knockout while the women's event was held in a round robin. The purse was $12,500 for the men and $11,800 for the women.

The event featured the Quebec rink of Félix Asselin, Laurie St-Georges, Émile Asselin and Emily Riley that won the 2022 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship as part of their training for the 2023 World Mixed Curling Championship in October.

KW Fall Classic
The KW Fall Classic is an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament, that takes place at the KW Granite Club in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. The tournament has been held as part of the men's and women's Ontario Curling Tour, and both the men's and women's events were included in the World Curling Tour starting in 2013. It is considered a "development tour" event.
Night Walk (TV series)
Night Walk was the first in a short but frequently-repeated series of late-night television programs aired on Global in Ontario from 1986 to 1993. It would later be supplemented by similar programs such as Night Ride and Night Moves. Despite having a seven-year run on Global, only two episodes of Night Walk and one episode each of Night Ride and Night Moves were originally produced, and were repeated nightly during late-night hours.

The programs are now considered one of the early forays into the concept of slow television.

Slow television
Slow television, or slow TV (Norwegian: sakte-TV), is a genre of "marathon" television coverage of an ordinary event in its complete length. Its name is derived both from the long endurance of the broadcast as well as from the natural slow pace of the television programme's progress. It was popularised in the 2000s by the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK), beginning with the broadcast of a seven-hour train journey in 2009.
Fire-control system
A fire-control system (FCS) is an integrated system of components that assists a gunner in executing tasks needed to achieve accurate firing by means of full or semi automation. It performs the same task as a human gunner firing a weapon, but attempts to do so faster and more accurately.

Gun turret
A gun turret (or simply turret) is a mounting platform from which weapons can be fired that affords protection, visibility and ability to turn and aim. A modern gun turret is generally a rotatable weapon mount that houses the crew or mechanism of a projectile-firing weapon and at the same time lets the weapon be aimed and fired in some degree of azimuth and elevation (cone of fire).
Netherlands Maritime Special Operations Forces
The Netherlands Maritime Special Operations Forces (NLMARSOF, also simply referred to as MARSOF) is the special forces unit of the Marine Corps of the Royal Netherlands Navy. It is one of the three principal units tasked with special operations in the Netherlands (the other being the Korps Commandotroepen and 300SQN). The unit can be deployed worldwide to conduct  special operations, including counter-terrorism both overseas and domestically, with a maritime focus. Its operations are planned and coordinated by the Netherlands Special Operations Command (NLD SOCOM).

The unit was created in 2013 with the merger of the Unit Interventie Mariniers (UIM) and the Maritime Special Operations (MSO)-company.

Special operations
Special operations or special ops are military activities conducted, according to NATO, by "specially designated, organized, selected, trained, and equipped forces using unconventional techniques and modes of employment." Special operations may include reconnaissance, unconventional warfare, and counterterrorism, and are typically conducted by small groups of highly trained personnel, emphasizing sufficiency, stealth, speed, and tactical coordination, commonly known as special forces (SF) or special operations forces (SOF).
David Hoeschel
David Hoeschel (also Höschel) (Latin: Hoeschelius) (8 April 1556, Augsburg – 19 October 1617, Augsburg) was a German librarian, editor and scholar.

He was a pupil of Hieronymus Wolf. While he was rector of the St. Anna Gymnasium in Augsburg, he founded in 1594 with Marcus Welser the press "Ad insigne pinus". Up to 1617 it produced about 70 works, among them being the editio princeps (i.e. first edition) of the Bibliotheca of Photius I of Constantinople.

Hieronymus Wolf
Hieronymus Wolf (13 August 1516 – 8 October 1580) was a sixteenth-century German historian and humanist, most famous for introducing a system of Roman historiography that eventually became the standard in works of medieval Byzantine history.
Swimming Association of Maldives
The Swimming Association of Maldives (SAM) is the governing body of swimming in the Maldives. Founded in 1983, it was founded as the ‘Maldives Swimming and Watersports Association’ before in 2007, it was changed to the 'Swimming Association of Maldives.' The association is governed by the National Sports Council. SAM is a member of FINA, AASF, and the Maldives Olympic Committee.

Maldives Olympic Committee
The Maldives Olympic Committee (IOC code: MDV) is the National Olympic Committee representing Maldives. It is also the body responsible for the Maldives' representation at the Commonwealth Games.

The Maldives was taking part in the 2012 Summer Olympics, and the Maldives Olympic Committee had chosen Bedford as the UK base for its competing athletes.

The Maldives was taking part in the 2020 Summer Olympics, and the Maldives Olympics Committee had chosen Odawara as the Japanese base for its competing athletes.
Lycopodiella
Lycopodiella is a genus in the clubmoss family Lycopodiaceae. The genus members are commonly called bog clubmosses, describing their wetland habitat. In the past, the genus was often incorporated within the related genus Lycopodium, but was segregated in 1964. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), Lycopodiella is placed in the subfamily Lycopodielloideae, along with three other genera. In this circumscription, the genus has about 15 species. Other sources use a wider circumscription, in which the genus is equivalent to the Lycopodielloideae of PPG I, in which case about 40 species and hybrids are accepted. Narrowly circumscribed, the genus has a circumboreal distribution, extending south in the Americas throughout tropical South America.

Josef Ludwig Holub
Josef Ludwig Holub (5 February 1930 – 23 July 1999) was a Czech botanist. He described a number of new species, worked on systematic reorganization of botanical groups, and contributed greatly to the study of European flora.
Barbarita Nieves
Barbarita Nieves (1803–14 December 1847) was the mistress of José Antonio Páez, during his time as Commandant General of the Gran Colombia Department of Venezuela and then his first two periods as President of Venezuela. Their life together began in 1821, the year he separated from his wife, Dominga Ortiz.

Dominga Ortiz Orzúa
Dominga Ortiz Orzúa (November 1, 1792 - December 31, 1875) was three-time First Lady of Venezuela. She was born in Canaguá, Barinas, Captaincy General of Venezuela in 1792 and died in Caracas, Venezuela in 1875.
2025 Tour of Britain
The 2025 Tour of Britain was a men's professional road cycling stage race. It was the 84th British tour and the 21st edition of the modern version of the Tour of Britain. The race was part of the 2025 UCI ProSeries.

2025 UCI ProSeries
The 2025 UCI ProSeries was the sixth season of the UCI ProSeries, the second tier road cycling tour, below the UCI World Tour, but above the various regional UCI Continental Circuits.

The calendar consists of 58 events, of which 35 are one-day races (1.Pro), and 23 are stage races (2.Pro). There are 51 events in Europe, five in Asia, and one in the United States.
Mike Del Rio
Michael Francis Gonzalez (born March 8, 1988), also known by his stage name Mike Del Rio, is a musical artist, producer, and songwriter from New York, NY now based in Los Angeles, CA. He is the co creator and lead member of the alternative group POWERS along with songwriter, vocalist and instrumentalist Crista Ru signed to Republic Records. As a record producer, Del Rio's eclectic style and musicality has led him to work with an array of artist such as Kylie Minogue, Selena Gomez, Eminem, Christina Aguilera, CeeLo Green, Cheryl Cole, The Knocks, Skylar Grey, Jamie N Commons, Mylene Farmer and X Ambassadors. Most recently Del Rio executive produced recording artist LP latest album Lost on You containing the global hit title track "Lost on You". He is signed to Alex Da Kid's publishing company KidinaKorner distributed through Universal Music Group.

The Knocks
The Knocks is an American electronic music duo consisting of Ben "B-Roc" Ruttner and James "JPatt" Patterson. They have released 4 full length albums (HISTORY, New York Narcotic, 55, Revelation) and 5 EPs (Melody & Silence, Summer Series: 2019, TESTIFY, So Classic, Magic) on record labels Big Beat Records, Neon Gold, Atlantic Records, and their labels Black Clay HeavyRoc Music. They are known for their singles "Classic" ft. Powers, "Ride or Die" ft. Foster the People, and "Bodies" ft. MUNA; along with their collaborations with Sofi Tukker ("Best Friend"), Purple Disco Machine ("Fireworks"), and ODESZA ("Love Letter"); and their remixes. They have been nominated for 2 GRAMMYS for Best Dance/Electronic Album Of The Year for their writing/production feature on the song "Love Letter" and for Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical.
Bobo Forro
Bobo Forro is a village in the north-eastern part of São Tomé Island in São Tomé and Príncipe, part of Mé-Zóchi District. Its population is 715 (2012 census). It lies 3 km southwest of the city centre of the capital São Tomé, and 4 km northeast of Trindade. The adjacent village in the Água Grande District is also called Bobo Forro.

Trindade (São Tomé and Príncipe)
Trindade (Portuguese for the Trinity) is a town located on São Tomé Island, which is part of the island nation of São Tomé and Príncipe. Its population is 16,140 (2012 census). It is the seat of Mé-Zóchi District. It lies 7 km southwest of the capital São Tomé. Nearby places include Diogo Simão to the northeast, Lemos to the east, Cruzeiro to the south and Piedade to the west. There is a secondary school in Trindade, opened in 2011, with a capacity of 720 students.

During the Batepá massacre, a brutally crushed rebellion in February 1953, hundreds of inhabitants of Trindade and nearby Batepá were killed.
Prostration (Buddhism)
A prostration (Pali: panipāta, Sanskrit: namas-kara, Chinese: 禮拜, lǐbài, Japanese: raihai) is a gesture used in Buddhist practice to show reverence to the Triple Gem (comprising the Buddha, his teachings, and the spiritual community) and other objects of veneration.

Among Buddhists prostration is believed to be beneficial for practitioners for several reasons, including:

an experience of giving or veneration

an act to purify defilements, especially conceit

a preparatory act for meditation

an act that accumulates merit (see karma)

In contemporary Western Buddhism, some teachers use prostrations as a practice unto itself, while other teachers relegate prostrations to customary liturgical ritual, ancillary to meditation.

Philip Kapleau
Philip Kapleau (August 20, 1912 – May 6, 2004) was an American Zen Buddhist teacher. He trained in the Harada–Yasutani tradition, which is rooted in Japanese Sōtō and incorporates Rinzai-school koan study. He established Rochester Zen Center, which grew to become one of the most influential Zen communities in the West. His independent lineage includes teachers active in the USA, Canada, Costa Rica, Mexico, Sweden, Finland, Germany, the UK and New Zealand.
Stephen Brendan McMahon
Stephen "Mac" McMahon (21 December 1954 – 9 October 2021) was the Sherrington Professor of Physiology in the Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases at King's College London, and Director of the Wellcome Trust.

McMahon was also an editor of the 5th and 6th editions of Wall and Melzack’s Textbook of Pain, and published more than 300 research articles.

Nerve growth factor
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophic factor and neuropeptide primarily involved in the regulation of growth, maintenance, proliferation, and survival of certain target neurons. It is perhaps the prototypical growth factor, in that it was one of the first to be described. Since it was first isolated by Nobel laureates Rita Levi-Montalcini and Stanley Cohen in 1954, numerous biological processes involving NGF have been identified, two of them being the survival of pancreatic beta cells and the regulation of the immune system.
Klara Svensson
Klara Svensson (born 15 October 1987) is a Swedish professional boxer. She held the WBC interim light-welterweight title from 2014 to 2015, the WBC interim welterweight title from September 2016 to February 2017, and challenged for the undisputed welterweight title in the same month. As an amateur she is a five-time Swedish national champion, a two-time medallist at the European Championships and a three-time medallist at the World Championships, all in the light-welterweight division.

Welterweight
Welterweight is a weight class in combat sports. Originally the term welterweight was used only in boxing, but other combat sports like muay Thai, taekwondo, and mixed martial arts also use it for their own weight division system to classify the opponents. If used, welterweight is typically between lightweight and middleweight.