hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic freedom
In quantum field theory, asymptotic freedom is a property of some gauge theories that causes interactions between particles to become asymptotically weaker as the energy scale increases and the corresponding length scale decreases. (Alternatively, and perhaps contrarily, in applying an S-matrix, asymptotically free refers to free particles states in the distant past or the distant future.)

Asymptotic freedom is a feature of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the quantum field theory of the strong interaction between quarks and gluons, the fundamental constituents of nuclear matter.  Quarks interact weakly at high energies, allowing perturbative calculations.  At low energies, the interaction becomes strong, leading to the confinement of quarks and gluons within composite hadrons.

The asymptotic freedom of QCD was discovered in 1973 by David Gross and Frank Wilczek,  
and independently by David Politzer in the same year. 
For this work all three shared the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Quantum triviality
It is well-known, that the physical vacuum is not the empty space due to permanent
creation and annihilation of virtual particles. As an usual continuous media, the physical vacuum possesses the ability of charge screening, which makes the effective charge being a function of the length (or momentum) scale. Quantum triviality is referred to a possible situation in quantum field theories, when the effective charge tends to zero in the limit of large length scales. In this case, the theory is said to be "trivial" or non-interacting.
Maeil sinbo
The Maeil sinbo (Korean: 매일신보; Hanja: 每日申報 (1910–1938), 每日新報 (1938–1945)) was a Korean-language newspaper that was published from 1910 to 1945 from Keijō (Seoul), Korea, Empire of Japan. The newspaper was the successor to The Korea Daily News, which was first published in 1904. It continued publication, largely as an organ of the Japanese colonial government, until the liberation of Korea in 1945. Afterwards, it was taken over by the United States Army Military Government in Korea and reorganized into the Seoul Shinmun by November 23, 1945.

Governor-General of Chōsen
The Governor-General of Chōsen (Japanese: 朝鮮総督, romanized: Chōsen Sōtoku; Korean: 조선총독, romanized: Joseon Chongdok) was the chief administrator of the Government-General of Chōsen, a part of an administrative organ established by the Imperial government of Japan. The position existed from 1910 to 1945.

The governor-general of Chōsen was established shortly after the Korean Empire was formally annexed by the Empire of Japan in the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910 to replace the title of Resident-General. The governor-general of Chōsen was appointed from Tokyo and accountable to the emperor of Japan. The governor-general of Chōsen was responsible for the administrate ministry of the Chōsen regionin, including infrastructure, culture, justice, censorship, and the suppression of the Korean independence movement.

The governor-general of Chōsen was seated in the General Government Building in Keijō after its completion in 1926. Pending its completion, the governor-general resided at Namsan.
Free energy principle
The free energy principle is a mathematical principle of information physics. Its application to fMRI brain imaging data as a theoretical framework suggests that the brain reduces surprise or uncertainty by making predictions based on internal models and uses sensory input to update its models so as to improve the accuracy of its predictions. This principle approximates an integration of Bayesian inference with active inference, where actions are guided by predictions and sensory feedback refines them. From it, wide-ranging inferences have been made about brain function, perception, and action. Its applicability to living systems has been questioned.

Synergetics (Haken)
Synergetics is an interdisciplinary science explaining the formation and self-organization of patterns and structures in open systems far from thermodynamic equilibrium. It is founded by Hermann Haken, inspired by the laser theory. Haken's interpretation of the laser principles as self-organization of non-equilibrium systems paved the way at the end of the 1960s to the development of synergetics. One of his successful popular books is Erfolgsgeheimnisse der Natur, translated into English as The Science of Structure: Synergetics.

Self-organization requires a 'macroscopic' system, consisting of many nonlinearly interacting subsystems. Depending on the external control parameters (environment, energy fluxes) self-organization takes place.
Evpaty Kolovrat
Evpaty Kolovrat (Russian: Евпатий Коловрат, romanized: Yevpaty Kolovrat, IPA: [jɪfˈpatʲɪj kəlɐˈvrat]; c. 1200 – 1238), a Russian bogatyr, appears in The Tale of the Destruction of Ryazan. According to the text, he tried to avenge the destruction of Ryazan a few weeks earlier in December 1237, and died while fighting the vastly more numerous army of the Mongol Golden Horde ruler Batu Khan.

Batu Khan
Batu Khan (c. 1205–1255) was a Mongol ruler and founder of the Golden Horde, a constituent of the Mongol Empire established after Genghis Khan's demise. Batu was a son of Jochi, thus a grandson of Genghis Khan.  His ulus ruled over the Kievan Rus', Volga Bulgaria, Cumania, and the Caucasus for around 250 years.
Estádio Francisco José Rodrigues
Estádio Francisco José Rodrigues is a multi-use stadium in Mosteiros on the island of Fogo, Cape Verde, as the island size is small, it is the only sports venue on the island. It is used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Cutelinho and Nô Pintcha dos Mosteiros, clubs based from other parts of the municipality also plays at the stadium including Grito Povo. The stadium holds 1,000 people and its ground is artificial grass with its size being 100 by 64 meters and the longest going nearly east–west with a 20-degree angle towards the north.. The stadium is one of four operated by the Fogo Regional Football Association (ARFF), of which two are of the Premier Division.

Cutelinho FC
Cutelinho Futebol Clube is a professional football club that currently plays in the Fogo Island League in Cape Verde. It is based in the village of Mosteiros in the northeastern part of the island and plays in the stadium with a capacity of 1000.  Its current manager is Amarildo Baessa.  Its nickname is leoninhos which means little lions in Portuguese.
On September 2, 1996, the team faced Desportivo de Cova Figueira for the first time and defeated that club 3–1 in the opening tournament.
Jeremiah Dashiell House
The Jeremiah Dashiell House is located in the Bexar County city of San Antonio in the U.S. state of Texas.  Also known as Casa Villita, it was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark under that name in 1962. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Bexar County, Texas  as a contributing structure of the La Villita Historic District.

Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Recorded Texas Historic Landmark (RTHL) is a designation awarded by the Texas Historical Commission for historically and architecturally significant properties in the U.S. state of Texas. RTHL is a legal designation and the highest honor the state can bestow on a historic structure. Purchase and display of a historical marker is a required component of the RTHL designation process. Because it is a legal designation, owners of RTHL-designated structures must give 60 days' notice before any alterations are made to the exterior of the structure. Changes that are unsympathetic may result in removal of the designation and historical marker. More than 3,600 RTHL structures are spread throughout the state.
2014 Sparkassen Open
The 2014 Sparkassen Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 21st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Braunschweig, Germany between 30 June and 5 July 2014.

Brawo Open
The Brawo Open (formerly known as the Nord/LB Open until 2010 and the Sparkassen Open until 2021) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Braunschweiger Tennis und Hockey Club in Braunschweig, Germany, since 1994 and it is the longest-running German Challenger and the ninth longest-running event on the Challenger Tour.

In 2005, 2014, 2015, and 2016 the tournament received the ATP Challenger of the Year award from the ATP.
Horrungen
Horrungen is a mountain on the border of Skjåk Municipality and Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,832-metre (6,010 ft) tall mountain is located inside the Reinheimen National Park, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of the village of Bismo. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Skardtind to the northeast, Trihøene to the north, Leirungshøe to the northeast, and Finndalshorungen to the east. The lake Aursjoen lies about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the west of the mountain.

Lom Municipality (Norway)
Lom is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Fossbergom. Another village area in Lom is Elvesæter.

The 1,969-square-kilometre (760 sq mi) municipality is the 38th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Lom Municipality is the 271st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,215. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 6.3% over the previous 10-year period.

Lom Municipality is famous for its extensive history. Lom Stave Church, one of the few remaining stave churches in Norway, is located here. It's also notable for being located in the midst of several of the highest mountains in Northern Europe.
Sleep of the Angels
Sleep of the Angels is the fifth full-length album by Greek extreme metal band Rotting Christ.
Like previous releases A Dead Poem and Triarchy of the Lost Lovers, the band refined their direction to a slower style with more emphasis on atmosphere and melodicism than brutality. Despite mixed critical consensus of the album, it would be supported during the band's first-ever tour in the United States.

A Dead Poem
A Dead Poem is the fourth full-length album by Greek extreme metal band Rotting Christ.

The band slowed down their tempos significantly and added occasional usage of acoustic guitars and regional music, making this particular record one of their more mainstream of releases, and the furthest removed from black metal music styles.

Moonspell's Fernando Ribeiro contributed backing vocals to the track "Among Two Storms".

It was produced at Woodhouse Studios in Hagen, Germany by Xy, programmer/percussionist for Samael, who also contributed keyboards to some tracks.
Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region
The Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region (Spanish: Federación de Trabajadores de la Región Española, FTRE) was a Spanish anarchist organization founded in the Barcelona Workers' Congress of 1881 by the initiative of a group of Catalan anarcho-syndicalists headed Josep Llunas i Pujals, Rafael Farga Pellicer and Antoni Pellicer, after the dissolution of the Spanish Regional Federation of the International Workingmen's Association founded in the Barcelona Workers' Congress of 1870. It only had seven years of life since it was dissolved in 1888. Its failure, in which the episode of La Mano Negra was key, opened a new stage in the history of anarchism in Spain dominated by propaganda of the deed.

Anarchist communism
Anarchist communism is a far-left political ideology and anarchist school of thought that advocates a form of communism. It calls for the abolition of hierarchies, as well as private property but retention of personal property and collectively owned items, goods, and services. It supports social ownership of property and the distribution of resources (i.e. from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs).

Anarchist communism was first formulated as such in the Italian section of the International Workingmen's Association. The theoretical work of Peter Kropotkin took importance later as it expanded and developed pro-organizationalist and insurrectionary anti-organizationalist section. Examples of anarchist communist societies are the anarchist territories of the Makhnovshchina during the Russian Revolution, and those of the Spanish Revolution, most notably revolutionary Catalonia.
Heywood House Gardens
Heywood House Gardens, generally Heywood Gardens, form the grounds of a now-vanished house in County Laois, Ireland. The estate was developed in the late 18th century by Michael Frederick Trench, a politician, landowner and architect. He built a substantial house and laid out an extensive park, under the direction of James Gandon. In the early 20th century, Heywood was owned by Sir Hutcheson Poë who commissioned Edwin Lutyens to develop the gardens immediately surrounding the house. Lutyens engaged his long-time collaborator Gertrude Jekyll to undertake the planting. The house was demolished after a fire in 1950 and the gardens are now in the care of the Office of Public Works.

Hermann Muthesius
Adam Gottlieb Hermann Muthesius (20 April 1861 – 29 October 1927), known as Hermann Muthesius, was a German architect, author and diplomat, perhaps best known for promoting many of the ideas of the English Arts and Crafts movement within Germany and for his subsequent influence on early pioneers of German architectural modernism such as the Bauhaus.
Edward J. McGoldrick
Edward J. McGoldrick (June 9, 1871 – 1951) was a New York Supreme Court judge. he was a member of the state supreme court for 23 years. He also served as a New York State Supreme Court Justice for New York City and The Bronx and did legal work for  four New York City mayoral administration. He was appointed to the Supreme Court by governor Al Smith. His high-profile cases included Helen Kane's suit against the creators of Betty Boop.

He was nominated in 1920 to fill Philip Henry Dugro's seat on the New York Supreme Court. In 1922, he succeeded Judge Bartow S. Weeks on the Supreme Court of the State of New York.

McGoldrick was born in Albany. He served as private secretary to Lieutenant Governor 
William F. Sheehan.

A Democrat, he was affiliated with Tammany Hall.

P. Henry Dugro
Philip Henry Dugro (October 3, 1855 – March 1, 1920) was an American lawyer, judge, and U.S. Representative from New York, serving from 1881 to 1883. He is best known for a 1909 ruling in which he argued that the reputations of African Americans had less legal value than those of whites.
Martinci railway station
Martinci Railway station (Serbian: Железничка станица Мартинци) is a railway station on Belgrade–Šid railway. Located in Martinci, Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia. Railroad continued to Kukujevci-Erdevik on one end. On the other end railroad went to Laćarak following with Sremska Mitrovica. Martinci railway station consists of 5 railway track.

This railway station has been closed for may years and the station itself is more of a attraction or place to visit when in Martinci.

Sremska Mitrovica
Sremska Mitrovica (Serbian pronunciation: [srêːmskaː mîtroʋitsa]; Serbian Cyrillic: Сремска Митровица, Latin: Sirmium) is a city in Serbia. It is situated on the left bank of the Sava river. As of 2022, the city has a total population of 36,764 inhabitants, while its administrative area has a population of 72,580 inhabitants.

As Sirmium, it was a capital of the Roman Empire during the Tetrarchy of 4th century CE. Ten Roman emperors were born in or near this city, Emperors Herennius Etruscus (251), Hostilian (251), Decius Traian (249–251), Claudius Gothicus (268–270), Quintillus (270), Aurelian (270–275), Probus (276–282), Maximian (285–310), Constantius II (337–361) and Gratian (367–383).
Geography of Port Phillip
Port Phillip, sometimes referred to as Port Phillip Bay, is a large bay in southern Victoria, Australia, 1,930 km2 (476,900 acres) in area, with a coastline length of 264 km (164 mi). The bay is extremely shallow for its size, but mostly navigable. The deepest portion is only 24 m (80 ft), and half the region is shallower than 8 m. Its volume is around 25 km3. The city of Melbourne is located at its northern end, near the mouth of the Yarra River.

Port Phillip is home to a vast array of geographic features typically found in bays, such as beaches, points, islands and smaller bays, as well as being the drainage point of many major rivers and creeks in Central Victoria. All features here are listed clockwise from the mouth of the Yarra River.

Mount Eliza, Victoria
Mount Eliza is a seaside suburb on the Mornington Peninsula in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 42 km (26 mi) south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Shire of Mornington Peninsula local government area. Mount Eliza recorded a population of 18,734 at the 2021 census.
Going Blind (The Go-Betweens song)
"Going Blind" is a song by the Australian indie rock band The Go-Betweens that was released as the lead single from their seventh album The Friends of Rachel Worth. It was released as a CD single by W. Minc Records (the label of their former manager, Steve Miller) in Australia, on the Circus Records label in the United Kingdom and Jetset Records (for whom former band member, Robert Vickers, was the label's publicist) in the United States in September 2000. "Going Blind" was The Go-Betweens' first single since "Love Goes On" in 1989.

Grant McLennan
Grant William McLennan (12 February 1958 – 6 May 2006) was an Australian alternative rock singer-songwriter-guitarist. He co-founded the Go-Betweens (1977–89, 2000–06) with Robert Forster in Brisbane in 1977 and issued four solo albums: Watershed (1991), Fireboy (1992), Horsebreaker Star (1994) and In Your Bright Ray (1997). He collaborated with other artists on side projects. In May 2001, the Australasian Performing Right Association called his "Cattle and Cane" (1983) one of its top 30 Australian songs of all time.
Paul Schommer
Paul Schommer (born June 6, 1992) is an American biathlete who represented the United States at the 2022 Winter Olympics. His first IBU cup podium finish was a silver finish in 2019 for the men's 10 km sprint competition at Obertilliach.

International Biathlon Union
The International Biathlon Union (IBU; German: Internationale Biathlon-Union) is the IOC (International Olympic Committee) authorized  international governing body of biathlon. Its headquarters were in Salzburg, Austria, until May 2020, when the Federation moved to Anif, on the outskirts of the city. It was rocked by a corruption scandal that broke in 2018, concerning the Russians bribing its top two officials. In 2022 Russia and Belarus were suspended from all international biathlon competitions until further notice.
Seonyudo, Gunsan
Seonyudo (Korean: 선유도; Hanja: 仙遊島; lit. island where the immortals play) is an island in Okdo-myeon, Gunsan, North Jeolla Province, South Korea. The island has an area of 2.12 km2, which is only about a quarter of Yeouido in Seoul. The island's coast is about 12.8 km long.

It has long been famed for its beauty; its name means "island where the immortals play", which implicitly assumes its beauty was fit for the gods. It is a popular tourist attraction, and is known for its white sandy beaches, waterfall, and scenic mountains.

Seonyudo was the capital of the Gogunsan Islands. It also served as a naval command post during the Joseon Dynasty. Admiral Yi Sun-shin played an important role during the Imjin War, spending days on the islands to prepare for his next battle after winning the Battle of Myeongnyang.

Gunsan
Gunsan (Korean: 군산; [kun.sʰan]), also romanized as Kunsan, is a city in North Jeolla Province, South Korea. It is on the south bank of the Geum River just upstream from its exit into the Yellow Sea. It has emerged as a high-tech manufacturing industrial city and an international trade seaport that is approximately 200 km (120 mi) southwest of Seoul on the midwest coast of the Korean Peninsula.

Kunsan Air Base operated by the United States Air Force is in the city. To encourage investment, a free trade zone has been declared.
Piazzolla (crater)
Piazzolla is a crater on Mercury.  Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) on August 13, 2024, for the Argentine tango composer and bandoneon player Astor Piazzolla, who lived from 1921 to 1992.

Piazzolla lies within Borealis Planitia.  It is north of Canova and Kyōsai craters and south of Sousa.

Borealis Planitia
Borealis Planitia /bɒriːˈeɪɪs pləˈnɪʃiə/ is a large plain on Mercury with a smooth floor, thought to be similar to a lunar mare. It is centered at 73.4° N, 79.5° W. The name is Latin for Northern Plain.
Yaek Lam Sali MRT station
Yaek Lam Sali station (Thai: สถานีแยกลำสาลี) is a Bangkok MRT station on the Yellow Line. The station is located on Srinagarindra Road in Bang Kapi District, Bangkok and is named after Lam Sali Intersection where the Srinagarindra and Ramkhamhaeng roads intersect adjacent to the station. The station has four entrances. It opened on 12 June 2023 as part of trial operations on the line between Hua Mak and Phawana.

In the future, it will become an interchange station to the Orange Line, which is currently under construction, and the Brown Line which is under planning.

The station also interchanges to piers in Khlong Saen Saep boat service.

Hua Mak station
Hua Mak station (Thai: สถานีหัวหมาก, pronounced [sā.tʰǎː.nīː hǔa màːk]) is a station on the Eastern Line of the State Railway of Thailand, an Airport Rail Link station and an MRT station on the Yellow Line, located on Srinagarindra Road in Phatthanakan Subdistrict, Suan Luang District, Bangkok. Three rail operators run the station complex separately at their respective stations, with no paid area integration between the three stations.
Harlingen, New Jersey
Harlingen is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Montgomery Township, in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2010 United States census, the CDP's population was 297.

It is adjacent to the historical areas of Dutchtown and Bridgepoint. Harlingen Road and U.S. Route 206 intersect in the center of Harlingen. The Harlingen Dutch Reformed Church on Route 206 is extant and had an associated cemetery. The town was a stop on the short-lived Mercer and Somerset Railway.

Dutchtown, Somerset County, New Jersey
Dutchtown is an unincorporated community located within Montgomery Township in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The area consists mainly of forested land with some houses grouped around the intersection of Dutchtown-Zion Road and Belle Mead-Blawenberg Road (County Route 601) in the northern portion of the township. Also nearby are the Unionville Cemetery and a rock quarry. The Dirck Gulick House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.
Yusuke Kubo
Yusuke Kubo (久保 佑允, Kubo Yūsuke, born February 15, 1987) is a Japanese professional wrestler currently working for the Japanese promotion Pro-Wrestling Basara under the ring name Kubito (stylized in all caps). He is also known for his tenure with DDT Pro-Wrestling.

Battle royal (professional wrestling)
In professional wrestling, a battle royal (sometimes battle royale), is a multi-competitor match type in which wrestlers are eliminated until one is left and declared the winner. Typical battle royals begin with a number of participants in the ring, who are then eliminated by going over the top rope and having both feet touch the venue floor.