hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1980 Texas Senate election
The 1980 Texas Senate elections took place as part of the biennial United States elections. Texas voters elected state senators 16 of the 31 State Senate districts. The winners of this election served in the 67th Texas Legislature for two-year terms, with all senators up for election in 1982.

Quorum
A quorum is the minimum number of members of a group necessary to constitute the group at a meeting. In a deliberative assembly (a body that uses parliamentary procedure, such as a legislature), a quorum is necessary to conduct the business of that group.  In contrast, a plenum is a meeting of the full (or rarely nearly full) body. A body, or a meeting or vote of it, is quorate if a quorum is present (or casts valid votes).

The term quorum is from a Middle English wording of the commission formerly issued to justices of the peace, derived from Latin quorum, "of whom", genitive plural of qui, "who". As a result, quora as plural of quorum is not a grammatically well-formed Latin-language construction. In modern times, a quorum might be defined as the minimum number of voters needed for a valid election. Quorums are often part of parliamentary procedure.
1993 Supercopa Libertadores
The 1993 Supercopa Libertadores was the sixth season of the Supercopa Libertadores, a club football tournament for past Copa Libertadores winners. The tournament was won by São Paulo, who beat Flamengo 5–4 in a penalty shootout after a 4–4 aggregate draw in the final.

Supercopa Libertadores
The Supercopa Libertadores (English: Libertadores Supercup), also known as the Supercopa Sudamericana, Supercopa Libertadores João Havelange, Supercopa João Havelange or simply Supercopa, was a football club competition contested annually between 1988 and 1997 by the past winners of the Copa Libertadores. The tournament is one of the many South American club competitions that have been organized by CONMEBOL.
Borate sulfide
Borate sulfides are chemical mixed anion compounds that contain any kind of borate and sulfide ions. They are distinct from thioborates in which sulfur atoms replace oxygen in borates. There are also analogous borate selenides, with selenium ions instead of sulfur.

Boron sulfides
In chemistry, boron sulfides refer to a large family of compounds characterized by boron-sulfur bonds. These compounds are colorless solids prone to hydrolysis, a process that reflects their tendency to form boron oxides. In terms of structure, boron typically exhibits an oxidation state of +3, while sulfur exhibits an oxidation state of -2. Sulfide is typically two-coordinate and boron is three coordinate.
Miguel Abadía Méndez
Miguel Abadía Méndez (July 5, 1867 – May 9, 1947) was the 12th President of Colombia (1926–1930). A Conservative party politician, Abadía was the last president of the period known as the Conservative Hegemony, running unopposed and forming a one party Cabinet.

Colombian Liberal Party
The Colombian Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal Colombiano; PLC) is a  centre-left political party in Colombia. It was founded as a classical liberal party but later developed a more social-democratic tradition, joining the Socialist International in 1999.

The Liberal Party along with the Colombian Conservative Party dominated the Colombian political scene from the end of the 19th century until 2002, in bipartisan political hegemony. The two parties were in direct military conflict between 1948 and 1958, during the civil war period known as La Violencia, after which they established the "National Front", agreeing to rotate power, intercalating for a period of four presidential terms. The election victory of independent candidate Álvaro Uribe in 2002 put an end to dominance of two party politics in Colombia.

Currently, the Liberal Party is the largest party in Congress and supported the left-wing presidency of Gustavo Petro until leaving Petro's coalition on 28 November 2023.
Wales national badminton team
The Wales national badminton team (Welsh: Tîm badminton cenedlaethol Cymru) represents Wales in international badminton team competitions. It is controlled by Badminton Wales, the national organization for badminton in the country. Wales have never participated in the Thomas Cup and the Uber Cup. The team's last appearance in the international stage was at the 2007 Sudirman Cup.

The Welsh team had participated in the 2020 European Men's and Women's Team Badminton Championships but were defeated in the group stage.

1986 Thomas & Uber Cup
The 1986 Thomas Cup & Uber Cup was the 14th tournament of Thomas Cup and the 11th tournament of Uber Cup, the most important badminton team competitions in the world. The tournament took place in Jakarta, Indonesia from 22 April to 4 May 1986. China won its second title in the Thomas Cup and in the Uber Cup, both after beating Indonesia in the final round.
100 gecs
100 gecs (/ˌwʌn ˌhʌndrəd ˈɡɛks/) is an American musical duo formed in 2015 that consists of Dylan Brady and Laura Les. They self-released their debut album, 1000 gecs, in 2019 to positive reviews, followed by a companion remix album, 1000 gecs and the Tree of Clues, in 2020. They released their second studio album, 10,000 gecs, in 2023. Their music has been noted for its often chaotic yet catchy mixture of various styles, and has been described as helping to define the hyperpop genre.

Machine Girl
Machine Girl (sometimes stylized as machin3gir1) is an American electronic music project created in 2012 by Matt Stephenson (also known as DJ Chaotic Ugly) on Long Island, New York. In 2015, the project became a duo, with Stephenson recruiting percussionist Sean Kelly to play live drums. Lucy Caputi joined in 2024 as a live guitarist and official member of the band.

In 2022, Machine Girl composed the original soundtrack for the video game Neon White, coming in two parts—"The Wicked Heart" and "The Burn That Cures"—in link with the scenario of the game.
Upper Street
Upper Street is the main street of the Islington district of inner north London, and carries the A1 road. It begins at the junction of the A1 and Liverpool Road, continuing on from Islington High Street which runs from the crossroads at Pentonville Road and City Road and runs roughly northwards from outside the main entrance to Angel Underground station, then past the Business Design Centre, then splits at Islington Green (where Essex Road, formerly named Lower Street, branches off), then past The Screen On The Green cinema, past Islington Town Hall, ending at Highbury & Islington tube station on Highbury Corner, where the A1 carries on as Holloway Road, part of the Great North Road.

Upper Street contains many fashionable shops, pubs, restaurants and theatres, concentrated on the west side of the street, while the east side has several notable churches and chapels.

Angel tube station
Angel is a London Underground station located in the Angel area of the London Borough of Islington. The station is on the Bank branch of the Northern line, between King's Cross St. Pancras and Old Street stations. It is in London fare zone 1. The station was originally built by the City & South London Railway (C&SLR) and opened on 17 November 1901. It served as a terminus until the line was extended to Euston on 12 May 1907.

The station was rebuilt between 1989 and 1992 to accommodate the large number of passengers using the station. As a result, it has an extra-wide southbound platform, surfaced over the original island platform which served both north- and south-bound trains. The station has the longest escalators on the Underground network.
Cluj-Napoca companies
This is a list of notable companies based in the city of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Astral

Banca Transilvania (together with BT Asigurări, BT Asset Management, BT Leasing, BT Securities and BT Direct)

Dico și Țigănaș

Jolidon

Napolact

Sanex

Terapia

Ursus

Terapia Ranbaxy
Terapia S.A. is a Romanian pharmaceutical company founded in 1921. The company is headquartered in Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania and has regional centers in Moscow City, Russian Federation and Kyiv, Ukraine. The company is part of the multinational corporation Daiichi Sankyo.

Terapia Ranbaxy produces a wide range of medicines and drugs, mostly from the field of cardiovascular, antibiotics, cholesterol-lowering, beta-blockers and pain relief medicine.
R&J Records
R&J Records is an American independent record label specializing in country music. It was founded in May 2011 by James Stroud and Rick Carter. Stroud is a record producer and former president of Giant Records and DreamWorks Records. In 2008, Stroud launched Stroudavarious Records and signed many artists to that label. Most Stroudavarious artists' contracts were moved to the new label, whereas some other previous artists signed with Stroudavarious have moved to other record labels.

DreamWorks Records
DreamWorks Records (often referred in copyright notices as SKG Music, LLC) was an American record label founded in 1996 by David Geffen, Mo Ostin, his son Michael Ostin and Lenny Waronker as a subsidiary of DreamWorks Pictures. The label operated until January 9, 2005, when it was sold to Universal Music Group. The label itself also featured a Nashville, Tennessee-based subsidiary, DreamWorks Nashville, which specialized in country music and was shut down in 2005 then moved to MCA Nashville. The company's logo was designed by Roy Lichtenstein and was his last commission before his death on September 29, 1997. DreamWorks Pictures's DreamWorks Records catalogue is managed by Music Corporation of America, while its DreamWorks Nashville catalogue is managed by MCA Nashville.
Vojislav Petrović
Vojislav M. Petrović (1925–2007), was a distinguished Serbian biologist, professor and academician, member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences. Petrović is remembered as a professor of the Institute for Biological Research Department of Endocrinology and Faculty of Sciences-Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry at the University of Belgrade as well as vice-rector and rector of the same institution. But most of all, he is associated with the pioneering work of Ivan Đaja and the next generation of scientists who continued the research in the same field, namely Stefan Gelineo, Radoslav K. Andjus and Vojislav Petrović.

He also wrote books and papers in international scientific publications.

Vojislav Petrović died in Belgrade in 2007.

Ivan Đaja
Ivan Đaja (Serbian Cyrillic: Иван Ђаја, French: Jean Giaja; 21 July 1884 – 1 October 1957) was a Serbian biologist, physiologist, author and philosopher.

He was founder of the Chair for physiology at the Serbian Institute for Physiology, rector of the University of Belgrade, and member of the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts. Đaja was a popularizer of biology, performed research in the role of the adrenal glands in thermoregulation, as well as pioneering work in hypothermia.

He has been described as the "restless researcher of the secret of life", who left a valuable creative and human mark in Serbian society, which was mostly pushed aside in the previous decades.
Athletics at the 2015 Pan American Games – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase
The Women's 3000 metres steeplechase sprint competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Pan American Games took place on July 24 at the CIBC Pan Am and Parapan Am Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Sara Hall of the United States.

Athletics at the 2011 Pan American Games – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase
The women's 3000 metres steeplechase competition of the athletics events at the 2011 Pan American Games took place on the 28th October at the Telmex Athletics Stadium.  The defending Pan American Games champion was Sabine Heitling of Brazil.
Semantic memory
Semantic memory refers to general world knowledge that humans have accumulated throughout their lives. This general knowledge (word meanings, concepts, facts, and ideas) is intertwined in experience and dependent on culture. New concepts are learned by applying knowledge learned from things in the past.

Semantic memory is distinct from episodic memory—the memory of experiences and specific events that occur in one's life that can be recreated at any given point. For instance, semantic memory might contain information about what a cat is, whereas episodic memory might contain a specific memory of stroking a particular cat.

Semantic memory and episodic memory are both types of explicit memory (or declarative memory), or memory of facts or events that can be consciously recalled and "declared". The counterpart to declarative or explicit memory is implicit memory (also known as nondeclarative memory).

Neural network
A neural network is a group of interconnected units called neurons that send signals to one another. Neurons can be either biological cells or mathematical models. While individual neurons are simple, many of them together in a network can perform complex tasks. There are two main types of neural networks.

In neuroscience, a biological neural network is a physical structure found in brains and complex nervous systems – a population of nerve cells connected by synapses.

In machine learning, an artificial neural network is a mathematical model used to approximate nonlinear functions. Artificial neural networks are used to solve artificial intelligence problems.
James Mill
James Mill (born James Milne; 6 April 1773 – 23 June 1836) was a Scottish historian, economist, political theorist and philosopher. He is counted among the founders of the Ricardian school of economics. He also wrote The History of British India (1817) and was one of the prominent historians to take a colonial approach.  He was the first writer to divide Indian history into three parts: Hindu, Muslim and British, a classification which has proved surpassingly influential in the field of Indian historical studies.

Mill was the father of John Stuart Mill, a noted philosopher of liberalism and utilitarianism, and a colonial administrator at the East India Company.

Edinburgh Review
The Edinburgh Review is the title of five distinct intellectual and cultural magazines. The best known, longest-lasting, and most influential of the four was the third, which was published regularly from 1802 to 1929.
Black Sea hostage crisis
The Black Sea hostage crisis took place January 16–19, 1996 on the Black Sea during the First Chechen War. The Panamanian-registered ferry Avrasaya  with 177 passengers and 55 crew members on board was hijacked in the Turkish port of Trabzon by an international armed group, which threatened to kill the more than 100 Russian passengers unless the Russian forces ceased its attack against the Chechen separatists in the Kizlyar-Pervomayskoye hostage crisis.

The crisis ended without bloodshed after three days with the safe release of more than 219 unharmed captives; 13 people were hospitalized because of illness and injuries.

Kizlyar–Pervomayskoye hostage crisis
The Kizlyar–Pervomayskoye hostage crisis, also known in Russia as the terrorist act in Kizlyar (Russian: Теракт в Кизляре), occurred in January 1996 during the First Chechen War. What began as a raid by Chechen separatist forces led by Salman Raduyev against a federal military airbase near Kizlyar, Dagestan, became a hostage crisis involving thousands of civilians, most of whom were quickly released. It culminated in a battle between the Chechens and Russian special forces in the village of Pervomayskoye, which was destroyed by Russian artillery fire. Although the Chechens escaped from the siege with some of their hostages, at least 26 hostages and more than 200 combatants on both sides died. One third of the homes in Pervomayskoye were destroyed.
Phitiwat Sukjitthammakul
Phitiwat Sukjitthammakul (Thai: พิธิวัตต์ สุขจิตธรรมกุล, born 1 February 1995) is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or a left-back for Thai League 1 club Buriram United and the Thailand national team.

2019 Thai League 1
The 2019 Thai League 1 is the 23rd season of the Thai League 1, the top Thai professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1996, also known as Toyota Thai League due to the sponsorship deal with Toyota Motor Thailand. A total of 16 teams will compete in the league. The season began on 22 February 2019 and is scheduled to conclude on 27 October 2019.

Buriram United are the defending champions, while PTT Rayong, Trat and Chiangmai have entered as the promoted teams from the 2018 Thai League 2.

The 1st transfer window is from 26 November 2018 to 19 February 2019 while the 2nd transfer window is from 24 June 2019 to 19 July 2019.

Chiangrai United won the league for the first time in history, this is the first time since 2007 that neither Muangthong United nor Buriram United were not crowned champions.
Cannibal squeeze
Cannibal squeeze or suicide squeeze is a type of squeeze in bridge or whist, in which a defender is squeezed by a card played by his partner. Normally, this occurs with less-than-perfect defense, but there are also legitimate positions where the defense could not have prevailed.

Squeeze play (bridge)
A squeeze play (or squeeze) is a technique used in contract bridge and other trick-taking games in which the play of a card (the squeeze card) forces an opponent to discard a winner or the guard of a potential winner. The situation typically occurs in the end game, with only a few cards remaining. Although numerous types of squeezes have been analyzed and catalogued in contract bridge, they were first discovered and described in whist.

Most squeezes operate on the principle that declarer's and dummy's hands can, between them, hold more cards with the potential to take extra tricks than a single defender's hand can protect or guard. Infrequently, due to the difficulty of coordinating their holdings, two defenders can cooperate to squeeze declarer or dummy on the same principle.
Touriga Francesa
Touriga Francesa (or Touriga Franca) is one of the major grape varieties used to produce port wine. Touriga Francesa is lighter and more perfumed than Touriga Nacional, adding finesse to the wine. Touriga Francesa has been described by Jancis Robinson as playing "Cabernet Franc to Touriga Nacional’s Cabernet Sauvignon". It is a cross of two other indigenous Portuguese wine grape varieties Mourisco tinto and Touriga Nacional. Touriga Francesa is quite similar to Touriga Nacional, needing harsh conditions to keep vigor down as it gets on the steep arid slopes of the Douro. It is usually trained low to the ground under one of the Royat systems. Yields are medium (1.5 kilograms (3.3 lb) per vine), not as low as Touriga Nacional .

Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Sauvignon (French: [kabɛʁnɛ soviɲɔ̃]) is one of the world's most widely recognized red wine grape varieties. It is grown in nearly every major wine producing country among a diverse spectrum of climates from Australia and  British Columbia, Canada to Lebanon's Beqaa Valley.

This grape variety appeared in France in the 17th century as a result of natural crossbreeding. Its popularity is often attributed to its ease of cultivation—the grapes have thick skins and the vines are hardy and naturally low yielding, budding late to avoid frost and resistant to viticulture hazards.

The classic profile of Cabernet Sauvignon tends to be full-bodied wines with high tannins and noticeable acidity that contributes to the wine's aging potential. In cool areas, it has flavors of blackcurrant and green pepper; in warmer places, it may taste like black cherry and olive; in very hot climates, it can have a jammy flavor.
OAO 1657-415
OAO 1657-415 is a high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) located in the constellation of Scorpius, over 20,000 light years away. It is believed to be composed of a compact object (likely a neutron star) and a highly evolved massive slash star, with Wolf–Rayet and O-type features in its spectrum, with a spectral type of Ofpe/WN9. OAO 1657-415 is special as it has the largest eccentricity and orbital period of any HMXB, and also because its donor star is much more evolved than many other HMXB donor stars.

Scorpius
Scorpius is a zodiac constellation located in the Southern celestial hemisphere, where it sits near the center of the Milky Way, between Libra to the west and Sagittarius to the east. Scorpius is an ancient constellation whose recognition predates Greek culture; it is one of the 48 constellations identified by the Greek astronomer Ptolemy in the second century.
Brazilian yellow-toothed cavy
The Brazilian yellow-toothed cavy (Galea flavidens) is a cavy species from South America. It is found in Brazil.

Galea flavidens is a yellow-toothed-cavy. G. flavidens lives in Brazil. This species is listed by the IUCN as Least Concern, in spite of the fact that there have been only few observations. Its habitat is widespread and the animal highly migratory, therefore there is no immediate threat to the population as a whole. As nearly with any other species, human expansion may become a problem in the near future. G. flavidens seem to be highly promiscuous, females mate regularly mate with multiple partners. In more than 90 percent of litters with more than one the littermates have more than one father.

Caviidae
Caviidae, the cavy family, is composed of rodents native to South America and includes the domestic guinea pig, wild cavies, and the largest living rodent, the capybara. They are found across South America in open areas from moist savanna to thorn forests or scrub desert. This family of rodents has fewer members than most other rodent families, with 19 species in seven genera in three subfamilies.
Marius Nizolius
Marius Nizolius (Italian: Mario Nizolio; 1498–1576) was an Italian humanist scholar, known as a proponent of Cicero. He considered rhetoric to be the central intellectual discipline, slighting other aspects of the philosophical tradition. He is described by Michael R. Allen as the heir to the oratorical vision of Lorenzo Valla, and a better nominalist.

Lorenzo Valla
Lorenzo Valla (Italian: [loˈrɛntso ˈvalla]; also latinized as Laurentius; c. 1407 – 1 August 1457) was an Italian Renaissance humanist scholar, rhetorician, educator, and Catholic priest. He is best known for his historical-critical textual analysis that proved that the Donation of Constantine was a forgery, therefore attacking and undermining the presumption of temporal power claimed by the papacy. Lorenzo is sometimes seen as a precursor of the Reformation.
Russian disinformation
Russian disinformation campaigns have occurred in many countries. For example, disinformation campaigns led by Yevgeny Prigozhin, a Russian oligarch, have been reported in several African countries. Russia denies that it uses disinformation to influence public opinion. Often Russian campaigns aim to disrupt domestic politics within Europe and the United States in an attempt to weaken the West due to its long-standing commitment to fight back against "Western imperialism" and shift the balance of world power to Russia and her allies (the Second World during the Cold War era). According to the Voice of America, Russia seeks to promote American isolationism, border security concerns and racial tensions within the United States through its disinformation campaigns.

Active measures
Active measures (Russian: активные мероприятия, romanized: aktivnye meropriyatiya, designated "executive action" by the U.S. Government) is a term used to describe political warfare conducted by the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. The term, which dates back to the 1920s, includes operations such as espionage, propaganda, sabotage and assassination, based on foreign policy objectives of the Soviet and Russian governments. Active measures have continued to be used by the administration of Vladimir Putin.