hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Citrullus colocynthis
Citrullus colocynthis, with many common names including colocynth, bitter apple, bitter cucumber, vine of Sodom, or wild gourd, is a poisonous desert viny plant native to the Mediterranean Basin and West Asia, especially the Levant, Turkey (especially in regions such as İzmir), and Nubia.

It resembles a common watermelon vine but bears small, hard fruits with a bitter pulp. The plant contains cytotoxic cucurbitacins and is thus unsafe to use as an herbal medicine. It originally bore the scientific name Colocynthis citrullus.

Oleic acid
Oleic acid is a fatty acid that occurs naturally in various animal and vegetable fats and oils. It is an odorless, colorless oil, although commercial samples may be yellowish due to the presence of impurities. In chemical terms, oleic acid is classified as a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid, abbreviated with a lipid number of 18:1 cis-9, and a main product of Δ9-desaturase. It has the formula CH3−(CH2)7−CH=CH−(CH2)7−COOH. The name derives from the Latin word oleum, which means oil. It is the most common fatty acid in nature. The salts and esters of oleic acid are called oleates. It is a common component of oils, and thus occurs in many types of food, as well as in soap.
Nadalj
Nadalj (Serbian Cyrillic: Надаљ) is a village located in the Srbobran municipality, in the South Bačka District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 2,202 people (2002 census).

South Bačka District
The South Bačka District (Serbian: Јужнобачки округ, romanized: Južnobački okrug, pronounced [jûʒnobâːtʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the southern part of Bačka and northern part of Syrmia. According to the 2022 census, the South Bačka District has a population of 607,178 inhabitants. The administrative center of the district is the city of Novi Sad, which is also the administrative center and the largest city of the Vojvodina.
Leinebergland (Samtgemeinde)
Leinebergland is a Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Hildesheim, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the town Gronau. It was formed on 1 November 2016 by the merger of the former Samtgemeinden Gronau and Duingen. It takes its name from the Leine Uplands.

The Samtgemeinde Leinebergland consists of the following municipalities:

Duingen

Eime

Gronau

52°04′N 9°47′E﻿ / ﻿52.07°N 9.78°E﻿ / 52.07; 9.78

Samtgemeinde
A Samtgemeinde (German pronunciation: ['zamtgəˌmaɪndə] ⓘ, lit. 'collective municipality'; plural: Samtgemeinden) is a type of administrative division in Lower Saxony, Germany. Samtgemeinden are local government associations of municipalities, equivalent to the Ämter in Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, and Brandenburg, and the Verbandsgemeinden in Rhineland-Palatinate.
John Thornhill (hurler)
St John Thornhill (1929 – 9 May 2003) was an Irish hurler who played at club level with Oldcastletown and at inter-county level with the Cork senior hurling team. He usually lined out as a corner-back.

All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was a hurling competition organized by the Gaelic Athletic Association in Ireland. The competition was originally contested by the second teams of the strong counties, and the first teams of the weaker counties. In the years from 1961 to 1973 and from 1997 until now, the strong counties have competed for the All-Ireland Intermediate Hurling Championship instead. The competition was then restricted to the weaker counties. The competition was discontinued after 2004 as these counties now compete for the Nicky Rackard Cup instead.

From 1974 to 1982, the original format of the competition was abandoned, and the competition was incorporated in Division 3 of the National Hurling League. The original format, including the strong hurling counties was re-introduced in 1983.
Gramophone Hall of Fame
Launched by Gramophone magazine in late 2011, the Gramophone Hall of Fame is an annual listing of the people (artists, producers, engineers, A&R directors and label founders) who have contributed to the classical music record industry. Fifty individuals and ensembles entered the Hall of Fame in its first year. A special edition of the magazine (May 2012 issue)  celebrated this new initiative, and the list was first published online on 6 April 2012.

Jussi Björling
Johan Jonatan "Jussi" Björling (/ˈjuːsi ˈbjɔːrlɪŋ/ YOO-see BYOR-ling, Swedish: [ˈjɵ̌sːɪ ˈbjœ̂ːɭɪŋ]; 5 February 1911 – 9 September 1960) was a Swedish tenor. One of the leading operatic singers of the 20th century, Björling appeared for many years at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City and less frequently at the major European opera houses, including the Royal Opera House in London and La Scala in Milan. He sang the Italian, French and Russian opera repertory with taste.

Björling was ranked the greatest singer of the 20th century by a poll of music critics in Classic CD magazine (UK) in July 1999.
2012 Trofeul Popeci
The 2012 Trofeul Popeci was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was part of the 2012 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Craiova, Romania between 11 and 17 June 2012. This 6th edition of the Popeci Trophy saw its prize money rise from US$25,000 to US$50,000+H.

2012 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2012 ITF Women's Circuit was the 2012 edition of the second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. The ITF Women's Circuit is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The 2012 season consisted of 484 events in 63 countries with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres
The men's 100 metres sprint event at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, United States, were held at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum on July 31 and August 1. Thirty-three runners from 17 nations competed. The 1930 Olympic Congress in Berlin had reduced the limit from 4 athletes per NOC to 3 athletes.

The photo finish final was won by American Eddie Tolan in a world record-equalling time of 10.38 seconds. Teammate Ralph Metcalfe won the silver and was credited with the same time as Tolan. It was the first American victory since 1920, after the United States was kept off the podium entirely in 1928. Germany won its second consecutive bronze medal in the event. Defending Olympic champion and world record holder Percy Williams of Canada did not advance past the semifinals. Takayoshi Yoshioka was the first Asian to make the final.

Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres
The men's 100 metres sprint event at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, Netherlands, were held at the Olympic Stadium on Sunday, 29 July and Monday, 30 July. Eighty-one runners entered, though ultimately seventy-six runners from 32 nations competed. NOCs were limited to 4 competitors each. The event was won by Percy Williams of Canada, taking the nation's first men's 100 metres gold medal. Jack London of Great Britain took silver, marking the third consecutive Games that Great Britain had a medalist in the event. Georg Lammers won bronze, Germany's first medal in the event since 1896. For the first time in modern Olympic history, the United States won no medals in the event.
Alata, Mali
Alata  is a rural commune in the cercle of Tidermène in Ménaka Region of southeastern Mali. The administrative centre (chef-lieu) is at Tedjerit. The commune was created in 2001 by dividing the large rural commune of Tidermène. The implementation of Ménaka Region in 2016 led to the promotion of Tidermène to a cercle, and Alata was reincorporated into it. As of 2017 the mayor is Frataye Ag Etaw.

Ménaka Region
Ménaka (Bambara: ߡߋߣߊߞߊ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ tr. Menaka Dineja) is a region of Mali legislatively created in 2012 from the cercle of the same name previously part of Gao Region. Actual implementation of the region began on 19 January 2016 with the appointment of Daouda Maïga as the region's governor. Members of the region's transitional council were appointed on 14 October 2016. The region is divided into four cercles: Andéramboukane, Inékar, Tidermène, and Ménaka, the location of the capital, also called Ménaka.
Nicole Cooke
Nicole Denise Cooke, MBE (born 13 April 1983) is a Welsh former professional road bicycle racer and Commonwealth, Olympic and World road race champion. At Beijing in 2008 she became the first British woman to win a Gold Olympic medal in any cycling discipline.  Cooke announced her retirement from the sport on 14 January 2013 at the age of 29.

La Flèche Wallonne Femmes
La Flèche Wallonne Femmes is a professional women's bicycle road race held each year in Wallonia, Belgium, in April. It is part of the UCI Women's World Tour, cycling's season-long competition of top-tier races, in which it is the second-oldest single-day event after the Trofeo Alfredo Binda in Italy. The event is raced on the same day as La Flèche Wallonne for men.

La Flèche Wallonne Féminine was inaugurated by Tour de France organizers Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO) in 1998 and quickly became a road race classic. From 1999 onwards, the women's Flèche Wallonne was a UCI Women's Road Cycling World Cup event. In 2016, the race became part of the new UCI Women's World Tour. In the late 2010s, the race was rebranded as La Flèche Wallonne Femmes – making it consistent with other women's events run by ASO.

Anna van der Breggen from the Netherlands holds the record for the most wins, with 7 wins in succession from 2015 to 2021.
Downtown Halifax
Downtown Halifax is the primary central business district of the Municipality of Halifax. Located on the central-eastern portion of the Halifax Peninsula, on Halifax Harbour. Along with Downtown Dartmouth, and other de facto central business districts within the Municipality (e.g. Cole Harbour, Lower Sackville, Spryfield), Downtown Halifax serves as the business, entertainment, and tourism hub of the region.

Atlantic Canada
Atlantic Canada, also called the Atlantic provinces (French: provinces de l'Atlantique), is the region of Eastern Canada comprising four provinces: New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. As of 2021, the landmass of the four Atlantic provinces was approximately 488,000 km2 (188,000 sq mi), and had a population of over 2.4 million people. The term Atlantic Canada was popularized following the admission of Newfoundland as a Canadian province in 1949. The province of Newfoundland and Labrador is not included in the Maritimes, another significant regional term, but is included in Atlantic Canada.
Kommerzijl
Kommerzijl (Dutch: [ˈkɔmərˌzɛil]; Gronings: Kommerziel), until the end of the 17th century called Opslachterzijl, is a linear village in the municipality of Westerkwartier in the province of Groningen in the Netherlands, located on the Kommerzijlsterdiep, which continues after the village as Kommerzijlsterriet and flows into the Reitdiep. To the west of the village lies the Ruigewaard and to the east the Humsterland. As of 2021, Kommerzijl had a population of 505.

Westerkwartier (municipality)
Westerkwartier (West Frisian: Westerkertier) is a municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of Groningen.

The municipality was formed on 1 January 2019, by the merger of the municipalities of Grootegast, Leek, Marum, Zuidhorn and partly Winsum.

Map of the municipality of Westerkwartier
Pyrmont Bridge
The Pyrmont Bridge, a heritage-listed swing bridge across Cockle Bay, is located in Darling Harbour, part of Port Jackson, west of the central business district in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. Opened in 1902, the bridge initially carried motor vehicle traffic via the Pyrmont Bridge Road between the central business district and Pyrmont. Since 1981 the bridge has carried pedestrian and bicycle traffic only, as motor vehicles were diverted to adjacent freeway overpasses. The bridge was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 28 June 2002, the centenary of its opening.

The Jimmy Barnes' 1985 song "I'd Die to be with You Tonight" was filmed on the Bridge, with it in the swing-out configuration.

John Bradfield (engineer)
John Job Crew Bradfield CMG (26 December 1867 – 23 September 1943) was an Australian engineer best known as the chief proponent of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, of which he oversaw both the design and construction. He worked for the New South Wales Department of Public Works from 1891 to 1933. He was the first recipient of an engineering doctorate from the University of Sydney, in 1924. Other notable projects with which he was associated include the Cataract Dam (completed 1907), the Burrinjuck Dam (completed 1928), and Brisbane's Story Bridge (completed 1940). The Harbour Bridge formed only one component of the City Circle, Bradfield's grand scheme for the railways of central Sydney, a modified version of which was completed after his death. He was also the designer of an unbuilt irrigation project known as the Bradfield Scheme, which proposed that remote areas of western Queensland and north-eastern South Australia could be made fertile by the diversion of rivers from North Queensland.
Malaya Sol
The Malaya Sol (Russian: Малая Соль) is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a left tributary of the Chyornaya, which in turn is a tributary of the Veslyana. The Malaya Sol is 19 kilometres (12 mi) long.

The source of the river is near the border with the Komi Republic, 195 metres (640 ft) above sea level. Its mouth is located in the settlement of Chernorechensky, 163 metres (535 ft) above sea level.

Veslyana
The Veslyana (Russian: Весляна) – is a river in Perm Krai and Komi Republic, Russia, a left tributary of the Kama, which in turn is a tributary of the Volga. 
It starts in the southeastern portion of Ust-Kulomsky District of the Komi Republic, about 7 kilometres (4 mi) from the border with Perm Krai. It flows through the Gaynsky District of Perm Krai and into the Kama River 1,193 kilometres (741 mi) from its mouth, 145 metres (476 ft) above sea level, near the rural locality of Ust-Veslyana.
The river is 266 kilometres (165 mi) long, and the area of its drainage basin is 7,490 square kilometres (2,890 mi2).
Adlam (Unicode block)
Adlam is a Unicode block containing characters from the Adlam script, an alphabetic script devised during the late 1980s for writing the Fula language.

In June 2016, Adlam was added to the Unicode Standard with the release of version 9.0.

In October 2017, Google released a Noto font that supports the block, Noto Sans Adlam, although it does not handle prenasalized consonants properly.

On 3 October 2018, Microsoft released an updated Ebrima font to support Adlam alphabet to Windows Insiders as part of the Windows 10 version 1903 feature update, starting from build 18252. Again, it does not handle prenasalized consonants properly.

Adlam script
The Adlam script is a script used to write Fulani. The name Adlam is an acronym derived from the first four letters of the alphabet (A, D, L, M), standing for Alkule Dandayɗe Leñol Mulugol (𞤀𞤤𞤳𞤵𞤤𞤫 𞤁𞤢𞤲𞤣𞤢𞤴𞤯𞤫 𞤂𞤫𞤻𞤮𞤤 𞤃𞤵𞤤𞤵𞤺𞤮𞤤), which means "the alphabet that protects the peoples from vanishing". It is one of many indigenous scripts developed for specific languages in West Africa.

Adlam is supported in Google's Android and Chrome operating systems. There are also Android apps to send SMS in Adlam and to learn the alphabet. On computers running Microsoft Windows, the Adlam script received native support beginning with Windows 10 version 1903, which was released in May 2019. On macOS, the Adlam script received support beginning with Ventura in 2022.
2023–24 Japan Figure Skating Championships
The 2023–24 Japan Figure Skating Championships were held in Nagano, Nagano on December 20–24, 2023. It was the 92nd edition of the event. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pairs, and ice dance. The results were part of the Japanese selection criteria for the 2024 Four Continents Championships and the 2024 World Championships.

Figure skating at the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics
Figure skating at the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics took place at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea, from 27 January to 1 February 2024.

Unlike previous Winter Youth Olympic figure skating events, which all included a mixed National Olympic Committee (NOC) team trophy, the 2024 event featured a team event between NOCs.
2025 Challenger Banque Nationale de Drummondville
The 2025 Challenger Banque Nationale de Drummondville was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 18th edition of the tournament and part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Drummondville, Canada between November 10 and 16, 2025.

2025 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2025 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2025 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 217 tournaments with prize money ranging from $60,000 up to $250,000. It was the 48th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 17th under the name of Challenger Tour.
1998 UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
The men's road race at the 1998 UCI Road World Championships was held on Sunday October 11, 1998, in Valkenburg, Netherlands, over a total distance of 258 kilometres (15 laps). There were a total number of 153 starters, with 66 cyclists finishing the race.

Lance Armstrong's fourth-place finish was stripped by USADA in 2012 due to doping.

UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
The UCI Road World Championships Elite Men's Road Race is a one-day event for professional cyclists that takes place annually. The winner is considered the World Cycling Champion (or World Road Cycling Champion) and earns the right to wear the Rainbow Jersey for a full year in road race or stage events. The event is a single mass start road race with the winner being the first across the line at the completion of the full race distance. The road race is contested by riders organized by national cycling teams as opposed to commercially sponsored trade teams, which is the standard in professional cycling.
Hauptschulabschluss
The Hauptschulabschluss (German: [ˈhaʊptʃuːlˌʔapʃlʊs]), Berufsreife or Berufsbildungsreife (German: [bəˈʁuːfsˌbɪldʊŋsˌʁaɪfə]) is a school leaving certificate in Germany. The Hauptschulabschluss may be awarded to students who graduate from a Hauptschule or Abendhauptschule. It may also be awarded to students who leave the Realschule, Gymnasium or the Gesamtschule after having successfully completed 9th or 10th grade (depending on the State of Germany).

Those who receive the Hauptschulabschluss may start an apprenticeship (Ausbildung) and enroll in a vocational school (Berufsschule) or they may also enroll in another school in order to receive other school leaving certificates such as the Mittlere Reife.

Real school
Real school (German: Realschule, pronounced [ʁeˈaːlʃuːlə] ⓘ) is a type of secondary school in Germany, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia (realna gimnazija), the Austrian Empire, the German Empire, Denmark and Norway (realskole), Sweden (realskola), Estonia (reaalkool), Finland (reaalikoulu), Hungary (reáliskola), Latvia (reālskola), Slovenia (realka), Serbia (realna gimnazija/realka), and the Russian Empire (реальное училище), including partitioned Poland (szkoła realna).
Raillardella
Raillardella is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Madieae within the family Asteraceae.

The genus is native to the western United States (Oregon, California, and Nevada).

Species

Raillardella argentea -  California, Oregon, western Nevada

Raillardella pringlei -  California (Trinity + Siskiyou Cos)

Raillardella scaposa - California, Oregon, western Nevada

Formerly included

See Anisocarpus, Arnica, Carlquistia.

Raillardella muirii - Carlquistia muirii

Raillardella paniculata - Arnica viscosa

Raillardella scabrida - Anisocarpus scabridus

Raillardella scaposa
Raillardella scaposa is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name stem raillardella. It is native to the Sierra Nevada of California and western Nevada and parts of the southern Cascade Range in Oregon, where it grows in varying habitat types, from wet to dry and exposed to shaded. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing in a clump of rosetted basal leaves. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped, up to 16 centimeters long, and glandular. The plant produces an inflorescence just a few centimeters to half a meter tall consisting of flower heads which are cylindrical to hemispheric in shape. Each head contains many yellow to orange disc florets and sometimes a few ray florets. The fruit is a long, narrow achene 1 to 2 centimeters in length including its pappus of plumelike bristles.
Captive import
Captive import is a marketing term and a strategy for a vehicle that is foreign-built and sold under the name of an importer or by a domestic automaker through its own dealer distribution system.

The foreign vehicle may be produced by a subsidiary of the same company, be a joint venture with another firm, or be acquired under license from a completely separate entity. The brand name used may be that of the domestic company, the foreign builder, or an unrelated marque entirely (this is one type of "badge engineering").

Geo (automobile)
Geo was a brand of small cars marketed by General Motors (GM) as a subdivision of its Chevrolet division from 1989 to 1997.

Geo was a joint venture between GM and Japanese automakers to compete with the growing small import market in the United States during the mid-1980s. Subcompact cars and SUVs, either badge engineered or based on Japanese models, were produced by GM at its facilities in North America or imported from Japan. Geo was discontinued after the 1997 model year and merged into Chevrolet. The Geo Metro, Prizm, and Tracker were sold as Chevrolets from the 1998 model year until their discontinuances in 2001, 2002, and 2004, respectively. In this sense, Geo existed until 2004, even with the Geo nameplate being dropped in mid-1997.

Asüna, a counterpart marque to Geo in Canada, was introduced by GM in 1992 to provide Pontiac-Buick-GMC dealers access to a similar range of import vehicles.
Supercard of Honor
Supercard of Honor was a professional wrestling event produced by Ring of Honor (ROH). It was the first Supercard of Honor and took place on March 31, 2006 at Frontier Fieldhouse in Chicago Ridge, Illinois. As with other Supercard of Honor events, it took place in the same weekend and same metropolitan area as WrestleMania 22.

Ten matches were contested as part of the event. In the main event, Bryan Danielson defeated Roderick Strong to retain the ROH World Championship. In other prominent matches, Do Fixer (Dragon Kid, Genki Horiguchi and Ryo Saito) defeated Blood Generation (Cima, Naruki Doi and Masato Yoshino), and AJ Styles and Matt Sydal defeated Generation Next (Austin Aries and Jack Evans).

ROH Supercard of Honor
ROH Supercard of Honor is a pay-per-view professional wrestling event annually presented by the U.S. based promotion Ring of Honor (ROH). First held in 2006, Supercard of Honor typically took place during the weekend of, and in the same metropolitan area as, WrestleMania, the flagship event of WWE and considered to be the biggest wrestling event of the year.

In 2025, Supercard of Honor was moved, so as to take place during the weekend of All In, the biggest show of the year for sister promotion All Elite Wrestling (AEW).

After annually running from 2006 to 2019 (with the exception of 2012), the event took a two-year hiatus due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The event returned in 2022 with Supercard of Honor XV, which was the first Ring of Honor pay-per-view produced under the creative direction of AEW president Tony Khan, who formally purchased ROH later that year.