hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Disc galaxy
A disc galaxy (or disk galaxy) is a galaxy characterized by a galactic disc. This is a flattened circular volume of stars that are mainly orbiting the galactic core in the same plane. These galaxies may or may not include a central non-disc-like region (a galactic bulge). They will typically have an orbiting mass of gas and dust in the same plane as the stars. Interactions with other nearby galaxies can perturb and stretch the galactic disk.

Disc galaxy types include:

Spiral galaxies:
Unbarred spiral galaxies: (types S, SA)
Barred spiral galaxies: (type SB)
Intermediate spiral galaxies: (type SAB)

Lenticular galaxies: (types E8, S0, SA0, SB0, SAB0)

Galaxies that are not disc types include:

Elliptical galaxies: (type dE)

Irregular galaxies: (type dI)

Intermediate spiral galaxy
An intermediate spiral galaxy is a galaxy that is in between the classifications of a barred spiral galaxy and an unbarred spiral galaxy. It is designated as SAB in the galaxy morphological classification system devised by Gerard de Vaucouleurs, and is also known as a weakly barred spiral galaxy. Subtypes are labeled as SAB0, SABa, SABb, or SABc, following a sequence analogous to the Hubble sequence for barred and unbarred spirals. The subtype (0, a, b, or c) is based on the relative prominence of the central bulge and how tightly wound the spiral arms are.
Hoboken Volunteer Ambulance Corps
The Hoboken Volunteer Ambulance Corps (HVAC or Hoboken EMS) is the primary 911 EMS provider in Hoboken, New Jersey. The corps responds to nearly 5000 calls for service yearly in Hoboken and, as needed, in neighboring areas.

Hoboken University Medical Center
Hoboken University Medical Center is a community hospital located in Hoboken, New Jersey with 190 beds. It was founded in 1863 as St. Mary Hospital and operated under that name until 2007. The hospital is owned by Hudson Hospital Opco, known as CarePoint Health, an organization that also owns Bayonne Medical Center and Christ Hospital. The hospital is an academic affiliate of New York Medical College and was previously an academic affiliate of New Jersey Medical School.
Gmina Olszewo-Borki
Gmina Olszewo-Borki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrołęka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszewo-Borki, which lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Ostrołęka and 99 km (61 mi) north-east of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 195.75 square kilometres (75.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 9,505 (10,098 in 2011).

Ostrołęka County
Ostrołęka County (Polish: powiat ostrołęcki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Ostrołęka, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only town in Ostrołęka County is Myszyniec, which lies 38 km (24 mi) north of Ostrołęka.

The county covers an area of 2,099.32 square kilometres (810.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 88,717, out of which the population of Myszyniec is 3,408 and the rural population is 85,309.
2024 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina
The 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina was held on November 5, 2024, to elect the seven U.S. representatives from the State of South Carolina, one from each of the state's congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2024 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary elections occurred on June 11, 2024.

2018 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina
The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina were held on November 6, 2018, to elect the seven U.S. representatives from the state of South Carolina, one from each of the state's seven congressional districts. The elections coincided with a gubernatorial election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections.

This was the first time that the Democrats picked up a seat in South Carolina since 1986. The state congressional delegation changed from 6–1 for Republicans to 5–2 for Republicans. This is the only time since 2008 that Democrats had won more than one U.S. House seat in South Carolina.
Ontario Highway 28
King's Highway 28, commonly referred to as Highway 28, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The southwest–northeast route extends from Highway 7 east of Peterborough, to Highway 41 in Denbigh. The route passes over undulating hills before entering the Canadian Shield near Burleigh Falls, and gradually turns eastward.

Highway 28 was assigned in 1928, incorporating Highway 12A, one of the original provincial highways. It was extended in the following decade, first to Apsley and then to a new Department of Roads and Northern Development centre in Bancroft. In the early 1980s, Highway 500 was added as an extension, reaching Denbigh. Portions of the highway were decommissioned or transferred in the 1990s, and in 2003 Highway 134 was added, extending the southern terminus to Highway 7.

Ministry of Transportation (Ontario)
The Ministry of Transportation (MTO) is a provincial ministry of the Government of Ontario responsible for the planning, management and maintenance of transportation infrastructure in the Canadian province of Ontario. The MTO is headquartered in Toronto.

Founded in 1916 as the Department of Public Highways of Ontario, the MTO oversees the province's 16,900 km (10,500 mi) network of highways. This includes the 400-series highways, with the section of Highway 401 that passes through Toronto being the busiest in North America. Metrolinx, a crown agency that oversees GO Transit and the Presto fare card system, reports to the MTO. The ministry is also responsible for vehicle registration and issuing drivers licences.
8th federal electoral district of Guerrero
The 8th federal electoral district of Guerrero (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 08 de Guerrero) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of eight such districts in the state of Guerrero.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative period by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fourth region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Marco Antonio de la Mora Torreblanca of the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM).

Electoral regions of Mexico
The electoral regions (Spanish: circunscripciones electorales) of Mexico are geographic areas composed of various states used for the election of the 200 proportional representation legislators to the Chamber of Deputies.

The country is split into five separate regions. Each of the five regions elects 40 deputies, who are selected according to party lists in the regions. To distinguish them from those elected in the 300 single-member constituencies, they are often referred to as 
"plurinominal deputies".

In contrast, the 32 senators-at-large elected to the Senate by the principle of proportional representation are drawn from party lists covering the entire country; the electoral regions therefore play no role in Senate elections.
1960 United States Senate election in Montana
The 1960 United States Senate election in Montana took place on November 8, 1960. Incumbent United States Senator James E. Murray, who was first elected to the Senate in a special election in 1934 and was re-elected in 1936, 1942, and 1948, and 1954, declined to seek re-election, creating an open seat. United States Congressman Lee Metcalf won out in a crowded Democratic primary and faced off against former United States Congressman Orvin B. Fjare, who won in a similarly crowded Republican primary. Following a close general election, Metcalf narrowly defeated Fjare to win his first term in the Senate.

1942 United States Senate election in Montana
The 1942 United States Senate election in Montana took place on November 3, 1942. Incumbent United States Senator James E. Murray, who was first elected to the Senate in a special election in 1934 and was re-elected in 1936, ran for re-election. Following his victory in a competitive Democratic primary, Murray advanced to the general election, where he was opposed by former United States Attorney for the District of Montana Wellington D. Rankin, the Republican nominee and brother of representative Jeannette Rankin. In a closely fought election, Murray narrowly defeated Rankin to win re-election to his third term and his second full term in the Senate.
Panther Creek High School (North Carolina)
Panther Creek High School is a public high school located at 6770 McCrimmon Parkway in Cary, North Carolina, United States. As part of the Wake County Public School System, the school operates on a 4x4 block schedule like other public high schools in the region.

Wake County Public School System
The Wake County Public School System (WCPSS) is a public school district located in Wake County, North Carolina. With 159,995 students in average daily membership and 198 schools as of the 2023–24 school year, it is the largest public school district in North Carolina and 14th-largest in the United States as of 2016.

To see the list of schools and their statistics, see List of schools in the Wake County Public School System.
David Starr (wrestler)
Charles Max Barsky (born February 19, 1991), best known by his ring name David Starr, is an American bodybuilder and former professional wrestler.

He held championships and won tournaments for companies based in Australia, North America, France, Germany, Ireland and the United Kingdom. He was known for his charismatic demeanor and witty nicknames, which included "Your Favorite Wrestler's Favorite Wrestler", "The Physical Embodiment of Charisma", "The Jewish Cannon", and, most notably, "The Product".

Following sexual abuse allegations in 2020, Barsky denied the claims but announced he was immediately leaving the wrestling industry. He now works as a bodybuilder, and coach and judge for competitors.

ROH Top Prospect Tournament
The Top Prospect Tournament was a professional wrestling tournament held by Ring of Honor since 2011. The inaugural tournament took place in 2011 and had occurred every year since except for 2012 and 2018. The tournament was last held in 2019 and was discontinued after that.
Georgefischeriaceae
The Georgefischeriaceae are a family of smut fungi in the Basidiomycota, class Exobasidiomycetes. Species in the family have a widespread distribution in both warm temperate areas and Old World tropical regions.

The genus name of Georgefischeria is in honour of George William Fischer (1906 - 1995), an American botanist and phytopathologist, who wrote 'Manual of the North American smut fungi'.

Exobasidiomycetes
The Exobasidiomycetes are a class of fungi sometimes associated with the abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues known as galls. The class includes Exobasidium camelliae Shirai, the camellia leaf gall and Exobasidium vaccinii Erikss, the leaf and flower gall.

There are seven orders in the Exobasidiomycetes, including the Ceraceosorales, Doassansiales, Entylomatales, Exobasidiales, Georgefischeriales, Microstromatales and the Tilletiales. Four of the eight orders include smut fungi. The family Ceraceosoraceae was formally validated in 2009 for the order Ceraceosorales. Malasseziales was once considered to be a part of the Exobasidiomycetes class but is now considered to be a part of its own class.
Warradale railway station
Warradale railway station is located on the Seaford line. Situated in the south-western Adelaide suburb of Warradale, it is 13.7 kilometres from Adelaide station. It was gutted by fire and subsequently rebuilt.

Adelaide railway station
Adelaide railway station is the central terminus of the Adelaide Metro railway system. All lines approach the station from the west, and it is a terminal station with no through lines, with most of the traffic on the metropolitan network either departing or terminating here. It has nine below-ground platforms, all using broad gauge track. The station is located on the north side of North Terrace, west of Parliament House.

The Adelaide Casino occupies the majority of the station building, which no longer houses railway administrators. Adelaide station was also the terminus for regional and interstate passenger trains until their relocation to Keswick Terminal, now Adelaide Parklands Terminal, in 1984.
Red Raven (Marvel Comics)
Red Raven is the name of three separate fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. These characters are the original Red Raven, a flying superhero, who appeared in print once in 1940, then not again until 1968, and occasionally since then; the second Red Raven, named Dania, who is a flying superhero and daughter of the original Red Raven, who first appeared in print in 1992, and occasionally since then; and Redford Raven, a Wild West villain who owned a set of medicine-enchanted wings, was also called Red Raven, and has appeared in print three times, in 1964, 1985, and 1987.

Rawhide Kid
The Rawhide Kid (real name: Johnny Bart, originally given as Johnny Clay) is a fictional Old West cowboy appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. A heroic gunfighter of the 19th-century American West who was unjustly wanted as an outlaw, he is one of Marvel's most prolific Western characters.  He and other Marvel western heroes have on rare occasions guest-starred through time travel in such contemporary titles as The Avengers and West Coast Avengers.
João Moutinho
João Filipe Iria Santos Moutinho ComM (European Portuguese: [ʒuˈɐ̃w fɨˈlipiˈɾi.ɐ ˈsɐ̃tuʒ moˈtĩɲu, ˈʒwɐ̃w -]; born 8 September 1986) is a Portuguese footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Primeira Liga club Braga.

Moutinho began his professional career with Sporting CP, moving in 2010 to Porto and winning twelve major titles between the two clubs combined. Three years later, he transferred to Monaco for €25 million, conquering the Ligue 1 championship in the 2016–17 season; in 2018, he joined Wolverhampton Wanderers, playing 212 total games before being released in 2023 and joining Braga.

Moutinho represented the Portugal national team at four European Championships, one UEFA Nations League finals and two FIFA World Cups, winning the 2016 and 2019 editions of each of the former two tournaments.

2010–11 Taça de Portugal
The 2010–11 Taça de Portugal, also known as Taça de Portugal Millennium for sponsorship reasons, was the 71st season of the Taça de Portugal. A total of 172 clubs from all four tiers of Portuguese football took part in this tournament. In the final (played at the Estádio Nacional, in Oeiras), Porto beat Vitória de Guimarães by 6–2, in a reedition of the 1988 final.
Hu Hetao
Hu Hetao (simplified Chinese: 胡荷韬; traditional Chinese: 胡荷韜; pinyin: Hú Hétāo; born 5 October 2003) is a Chinese professional footballer who plays as a left wing-back for Chinese Super League club Chengdu Rongcheng and the China national team.

China national under-23 football team
The China national under-23 football team, also known as the China Olympic team (国奥队), represents the People's Republic of China in international football competitions in the Olympic Games, Asian Games, as well as any other under-23 international football tournaments. It is governed by the Chinese Football Association (CFA). It combines two teams: China U-23 national team and China U-21 selection team.
Homes England
Homes England is the non-departmental public body that funds new affordable housing in England. It was launched on 1 January 2018 as the operating name of the Homes and Communities Agency (HCA) alongside the removal of the Agency's regulatory role (by The Legislative Reform (Regulator of Social Housing) (England) Order 2018).
HCA was established by the Housing and Regeneration Act 2008 as one of the successor bodies to the Housing Corporation, and became operational on 1 December 2008.

Non-departmental public body
In the United Kingdom, non-departmental public body (NDPB) is a classification applied by the Cabinet Office, Treasury, the Scottish Government, and the Northern Ireland Executive to public sector organisations that have a role in the process of national government but are not part of a government department. NDPBs carry out their work largely independently from ministers and are accountable to the public through Parliament; however, ministers are responsible for the independence, effectiveness, and efficiency of non-departmental public bodies in their portfolio.

The term includes the four types of NDPB (executive, advisory, tribunal, and independent monitoring boards) but excludes public corporations and public broadcasters (BBC, Channel 4, and S4C).
Tropojë District
Tropojë District (Albanian: Rrethi i Tropojës, pronunciation: /tropɔɪə/) was one of the 36 districts of Albania, which were dissolved in July 2000 and replaced by 12 newly created counties. It had a population of 28,154 in 2001, and an area of 1,043 km2 (403 sq mi). It was in the north of the country, and its capital was the town of Bajram Curri. The area of the former district is coextensive with the present municipality of Tropojë, which is part of Kukës County. The area is known for its massive chestnuts forests and the river Valbonë, as well a rich folk culture.

Valbona (river)
The Valbona (Albanian indefinite form: Valbonë) is a river in northern Albania. It is still relatively untouched. Its source is in the Accursed Mountains, near the border with Montenegro.

The Valbonë flows generally east through the municipality Margegaj (mountain villages Valbonë, Dragobi and Shoshan), then turns south along Bajram Curri, and continues southwest until its outflow into the river Drin, near Fierzë. It is one of the cleanest rivers in the country. The river begins in and flows through the Valbonë valley.
Algoma West
Algoma West was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1904 to 1968. It was created in 1903 from parts of Algoma riding.

The west riding of Algoma was defined to consist of the portion of the territorial district of Algoma lying west of Algoma East riding.

The electoral district was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed between Algoma, Cochrane,
Sault Ste. Marie and Timmins—Chapleau ridings.
Algoma West was created in 1903 from Algoma, and was abolished in 1966 into Algoma and Sault Ste. Marie.

Timmins—Chapleau
Timmins—Chapleau was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1979 to 1997. It was located in the northeast part of the province of Ontario. This riding was created in 1976 from parts of Cochrane, Nipissing, Timiskaming and Timmins ridings.

It initially consisted of the northern part of the Territorial District of Sudbury, the eastern part of the Territorial District of Algoma, the Township of Teefy, the City of Timmins and the Town of Iroquois Falls in the Territorial District of Cochrane, and the western part of the Territorial District of Timiskaming.

After 1987, it consisted of parts of the Territorial Districts of Algoma, Cochrane, Sudbury and Timiskaming.

The electoral district was abolished in 1996 when it was redistributed between Algoma, Nickel Belt, Timiskaming—Cochrane, and Timmins-James Bay ridings.
National Cooperative Bank
The National Cooperative Bank is a congressionally chartered cooperative bank in the United States created by the National Consumer Cooperative Bank Act of 1978 (Pub.L. 95-351).  National Cooperative offers banking products and services to cooperatives, their members and social organizations nationwide.

The bank was created to address the financial needs of an underserved market. NCB is an advocate for America's cooperatives and their members, placing special emphasis on serving the needs of communities that are economically challenged.

NCB has focused on community revitalization. The employment of the cooperative model in the development of business contains access to affordable health care and affordable housing.

Capital Impact Partners was the non-profit community development financial institution subsidiary of the NCB.  It became a stand-alone organization in 2014.

Congressional charter
A congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress has issued corporate charters since 1791 and the laws that issue them are codified in Title 36 of the United States Code. The first charter issued by Congress was for the First Bank of the United States.

The relationship between Congress and an organization so recognized is largely symbolic, and is intended to lend the organization the legitimacy of being officially sanctioned by the U.S. government. Congress does not oversee or supervise organizations it has so chartered, aside from receiving a yearly financial statement.
Ad Genius Lee Tae-baek
Ad Genius Lee Tae-baek (Korean: 광고천재 이태백) is a 2013 South Korean television series starring Jin Goo, Park Ha-sun, Jo Hyun-jae and Han Chae-young. Set in the cutthroat field of advertising where creativity and competition coexist, the drama is the success story of underdog Lee Tae-baek who fights his way to becoming the best ad man in the business. It aired on KBS2 from February 4 to March 26, 2013, on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 (KST) for 16 episodes.

The protagonist is loosely based on internationally renowned advertising designer and social activist Jeseok Yi (a.k.a. Jeski), who wrote the 2010 book Ad Genius Lee Je-seok.

The drama reunites Han Chae-young and Jo Hyun-jae who previously worked together in the 2005 TV series Only You.

Only You (2005 TV series)
Only You is a 2005 South Korean television series starring Han Chae-young, Jo Hyun-jae, Lee Chun-hee and Hong Soo-hyun. It is produced and broadcast by SBS from 4 June to 24 July 2005 for 16 episodes.

It is the only Korean drama shot in Italy. The city in which has been shot the drama in Italy was Vicenza, which is located in the north East part, between Venice and Verona (about 50 km distant from Venice).
Nurra
The Nurra is a geographical  region in the northwest of Sardinia, Italy. It is the second-largest plain of the island, located between the towns of Sassari, Porto Torres and Alghero. It covers a surface of  700 km2 and is bounded  by the Sardinian Sea on the west and by the Gulf of Asinara on the north.

Nurra was once an important mining center, with Argentiera being the principal village, though today it is a ghost town. The Nurra, before the works of land reclamation initiated under Fascism (which were also continued in after World War II by the ETFAS, Ente Trasformazione Fondiaria Agricola Sarda), and despite being next to one of the most populated areas of Sardinia, has one of the lowest population densities in Italy, with 5 inhabitants per km2, primarily, due to the drought and to the presence of malaria, eliminated only in the 20th century.

Gulf of Asinara
The Gulf of Asinara is a sea sector included between the Asinara Island, Cape Falcone and the town of Castelsardo, in northern Sardinia, Italy. The communes facing its coast include also Stintino, Porto Torres, Sassari, Sorso, Valledoria and Badesi.

The littoral features several beaches, some kilometers long, such as La Pelosa, le Saline Ezzi Mannu and Fiume Santo, those near Porto Torres, Platamona, the beaches of Castelsardo, Valledoria, Badesi, Trinità d'Agultu, Vignola and Isola Rossa.

40°56′0.55″N 8°27′41.52″E﻿ / ﻿40.9334861°N 8.4615333°E﻿ / 40.9334861; 8.4615333