hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1885 FA Cup final
The 1885 FA Cup final was a football match between Blackburn Rovers and Queen's Park on 4 April 1885 at Kennington Oval in London. It was the fourteenth final of the world's oldest football competition, the Football Association Challenge Cup (known in the modern era as the FA Cup). Blackburn had won the Cup in the previous season while Queen's Park were competing in their second final with the previous final being previous year. Rovers won 2–0 in their second successive FA Cup Final victory, with the goals coming from Jimmy Forrest and James Brown. This would be the only final in which two clubs meet in consecutive FA Cup Finals until Manchester City and Manchester United in 2023 and 2024.

FA Cup Final
The FA Cup Final is the last match in the Football Association Challenge Cup. It has regularly been one of the most attended domestic football events in the world, with an official attendance of 89,472 at the 2017 final. The Final is the culmination of a knockout competition among clubs belonging to The Football Association in England, although Scottish and Irish teams competed in the early years and Welsh teams regularly compete, with Cardiff City winning the Cup in 1927 and reaching the final in 1925 and 2008. From 1923 until 2000 it was played mostly at the original Wembley Stadium, from 2000 to 2006 at the Millennium Stadium, Cardiff, and has been played at the current Wembley Stadium since 2007.

As of 2025, 144 FA Cup Finals have been played.

Victory in the final is one of the ways teams can qualify for the UEFA Europa League of the following season.
Jagdstaffel 12
Royal Prussian Jagdstaffel 12 was a World War I "hunting group" (i.e., fighter squadron) of the Luftstreitkräfte, the air arm of the Imperial German Army during World War I. As one of the original German fighter squadrons, the unit would score 155 aerial victories (including three wins over observation balloons) during the war, at the expense of seventeen killed in action, eight wounded in action, and one taken prisoner of war.

Fokker D.I
The Fokker D.I (company designation M.18) was a development of the D.II fighter. The D.I was also flown in Austro-Hungarian service as a fighter trainer aircraft under the designation B.III. Confusing the matter further, both the D.II and D.I arrived at the Front in German service at similar times, in July–August 1916. The main designer was Martin Kreutzer.
Deoxyinosine monophosphate
Deoxyinosine monophosphate (dIMP) is a nucleoside monophosphate and a derivative of inosinic acid. It can be formed by the deamination of the purine base in deoxyadenosine monophosphate (dAMP). The enzyme deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase, encoded by YJR069C in S. cerevisiae and containing (d)ITPase and (d)XTPase activities, hydrolyses dITP, resulting in the release of pyrophosphate and dIMP.

Purine
Purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of two rings (pyrimidine and imidazole) fused together. It is water-soluble. Purine also gives its name to the wider class of molecules, purines, which include substituted purines and their tautomers. They are the most widely occurring nitrogen-containing heterocycles in nature.
Fortúatha
Fortúath is an Old Irish word meaning "external people". It denotes a people within a kingdom that were free but neither eligible for the kingship nor involved in choosing the king.

The term can also be used to refer to the territory occupied by such peoples.

Corca Fhir Trí
The Corca Fhir Trí were an Irish people located in the kingdom of Gailenga (later the barony of Gallen, County Mayo), Luighne Connacht and Corann (baronies of Leyney and Corann, County Sligo) in Gaelic Ireland.

Two kings of the Corca, Dobhailen mac Gormghus, (died 885) and his son, Uathmarán mac Dobhailéin (died 920), were successive Kings of Luighne Connacht. Dobhailen was the eponym of the clan Dolan (surname) (Ó Dobhailen) of Connacht. Later kings of the Corca descended from him included:

M928 - Maol Da Bhonna mac Dobhailen, king of Luighne, and Muircheartach mac Eagra, king of Luighne, were slain.

M944.9 - Domhnall mac Uathmharan mac Dobhailen, lord of Corca-Firtri, died.

M993.3 - Fogartach mac Diarmaid mac Uathmharan, lord of Corca-Firtri in Connacht, was slain by the Gaileanga of Corann.

M1031.18 - Cú Sléibhe Ua Dobhailen, chief of Corca-Firtri, was treacherously slain.

M1035.5 - Cú Sléibhe mac Dobhran, lord of Corca-Firtri, died.
Untitled (Lee Kelly, 1975)
Untitled is an outdoor 1975 sculpture by Lee Kelly, installed at Louisa Boren Park in Seattle, Washington, in the United States. The abstract, welded Cor-Ten steel piece measures approximately 19 feet (5.8 m) x 14 feet (4.3 m) x 10 feet (3.0 m).

It was surveyed and deemed "treatment needed" by the Smithsonian Institution's "Save Outdoor Sculpture!" program in November 1994. The work is part of the Seattle One Percent for Art Collection and administered by the Seattle Arts Commission.

Weathering steel
Weathering steel, often called corten steel (or its trademarked name, COR-TEN) is a group of steel alloys that form a stable external layer of rust that eliminates the need for painting.

U.S. Steel (USS) holds the registered trademark on the name COR-TEN. The name COR-TEN refers to the two distinguishing properties of this type of steel: corrosion resistance and tensile strength. Although USS sold its discrete plate business to International Steel Group (now ArcelorMittal) in 2003, it makes COR-TEN branded material in strip mill plate and sheet forms.

The original COR-TEN received the standard designation A242 (COR-TEN A) from the ASTM International standards group. Newer ASTM grades are A588 (COR-TEN B) and A606 for thin sheet. All of the alloys are in common production and use.

The surface oxidation generally takes six months to develop, although surface treatments can accelerate this to as little as one hour.
Daggakraal
Daggakraal, "one of South Africa's most impoverished and isolated communities with plenty of unmined mineral resources", is a town in Gert Sibande District Municipality near Volksrust in the outskirts of Mpumalanga province, South Africa. The town had about 1,450 households in 2014. There is no means of production a number of failed state projects aimed at uplifting people.

Daggakraal area code 2492 has two clinics namely Sinqobile CHC in Daggakraal no 3 and Daggakraal CHC in Sinqobile A. There are four primary schools namely Sizenzele Primary School, Hambani Primary School, Daggakraal Primary School and Ethembeni Primary School and two high schools are Nalithuba Secondary School and Seme Secondary School named after ANC founder Dr. Pixley Ka Isaka Seme.

Volksrust
Volksrust is a town in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa near the KwaZulu-Natal provincial border, some 240 km southeast of Johannesburg, 53 km north of Newcastle and 80 km southeast of Standerton.
Quakertown, Pennsylvania
Quakertown is a borough in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of 2020, it had a population of 9,359. The borough is 13 miles (21 km) south of Allentown and Bethlehem and 35 miles (56 km) north of Philadelphia, making Quakertown a border town of both the Delaware Valley and Lehigh Valley metropolitan areas.

Quakertown is considered part of the U.S. Census Bureau's Philadelphia−Camden−Wilmington (PA−NJ−DE-MD) MSA and the Delaware Valley. Richland Township surrounds Quakertown.

Doylestown, Pennsylvania
Doylestown is a borough in and the county seat of Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the borough population was 8,300.

Doylestown is located 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Trenton, 25 miles (40 km) north of Center City Philadelphia, and 27 miles (43 km) southeast of Allentown. It is part of the Delaware Valley, and the Philadelphia metropolitan area.
Seth Brundle
Dr. Seth Brundle, also known as Brundlefly, is a fictional character and the tragic hero in David Cronenberg's 1986 remake of The Fly. He is played by Jeff Goldblum. Brundle was the third of Goldblum's "nerdy scientist" roles and is one of his most famous roles to date.

The character of Brundle was played by Daniel Okulitch in Howard Shore's 2008 opera The Fly in its premiere at the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris.

The Fly (opera)
The Fly is an opera in two acts by Canadian composer Howard Shore, with a libretto by David Henry Hwang. It was commissioned by the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris, France, where it premiered on 2 July 2008, and by Edgar Baitzel, then director of the Los Angeles Opera, where the opera was first performed on 7 September 2008. The work was broadcast by Radio France's station France Musique on 2 August 2008.

The opera is loosely based on David Cronenberg's 1986 film The Fly, which was based on the short story of the same name by George Langelaan. Shore also wrote the musically unrelated score of that film.
Abbotstone
Abbotstone is a hamlet in the United Kingdom in English county of Hampshire. It is located 2 miles from the nearest town, New Alresford, 6 miles from Winchester and 54 miles from London. It lies at an elevation of 67 metres within the district of the City of Winchester, and the closest town is New Alresford. It is now in the parish of Itchen Stoke, but was formerly its own parish. Abbotstone lies along the Ellisfield to Itchen Abbas portion of the Three Castles Path, a hiking path. Abbotstone contains an abandoned medieval village, and evidence of fortifications, as well as several abandoned quarries.

Abbotstone is home to 32 residents.

Itchen Abbas
Itchen Abbas is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Itchen Valley, in the Winchester district, in the county of Hampshire, England. The village is on the River Itchen about 4 miles (6.4 km) north-east of Winchester.
Oncorhynchus masou formosanus
Oncorhynchus masou formosanus, commonly known as the Formosan landlocked salmon, cherry salmon, Taiwanese trout (Japanese: タイワンマス, romanized: taiwan masu), Tsugitaka trout (次高鱒, tsugitaka masu), Lishan trout (Chinese: 梨山鱒, after its native Lishan area in Heping District, Taichung) or Slamaw trout (from Slamaw, the indigenous Tayal name for Lishan), is an endangered freshwater fish endemic to the mountain stream valleys between the Xueshan and Central Ranges of Taiwan. It is the southernmost subspecies of masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou), and one of the most tropically distributed salmonids along with the Mexican golden trout and Mexican rainbow trout.

Mexican golden trout
The Mexican golden trout (Oncorhynchus chrysogaster) is a species of fish in the family Salmonidae. The species is  endemic to high-elevation headwaters of the Fuerte River, Sinaloa River, and Culiacán River drainages in the Sierra Madre Occidental in Mexico.
Mullaghmore, County Sligo
Mullaghmore (Irish: An Mullach Mór, meaning 'the great summit') is a village on the Mullaghmore Peninsula in County Sligo, Ireland. It is a holiday destination with a skyline dominated by Benbulben mountain. It is in the barony of Carbury and parish of Ahamlish.

Sligo
Sligo (/ˈslaɪɡoʊ/; Irish: Sligeach [ˈʃl̠ʲɪɟəx]; lit. 'abounding in shells') is a coastal seaport and the county town of County Sligo, Ireland, within the western province of Connacht. With a population of 20,608 in 2022, it is the county's largest urban centre (constituting 29.5% of the county's population) and the 24th largest in the Republic of Ireland.

Sligo is a commercial and cultural centre situated on the west coast of Ireland. Its surrounding coast and countryside, as well as its connections to the poet W. B. Yeats, have made it a tourist destination.
Northumberland Bestiary
The Northumberland Bestiary (MS 100) is an illuminated manuscript and bestiary dating from 1250-1260.  It was originally known as the Alnwick Bestiary (MS 447) as it resided in Alnwick Castle from the eighteenth century until 1990 when it was sold to a private collection. In 2007 it was acquired by the Getty Museum and still resides there today.

Sources for the Northumberland Bestiary include the Greek Physiologus and Hexaemeral literature. Bestiaries traditionally fall into four families however the Northumberland Bestiary is a transitional manuscript which draws upon the first and second families of manuscripts. It is a small Quarto measuring around 21 x 15 cm.

The bestiary contains chapters regarding the creation of man, naming the animals, beasts, birds, fish, serpents, the condition of man, and trees. In modern scholarship, the Northumberland Bestiary and other bestiaries entries on Hyenas has been an area of research for Jewish histories.

Bestiary
A bestiary (Latin: bestiarium vocabulum) is a compendium of beasts. Originating in the ancient world, bestiaries were made popular in the Middle Ages in illustrated volumes that described various animals and even rocks. The natural history and illustration of each beast was usually accompanied by a moral lesson. This reflected the belief that the world itself was the Word of God and that every living thing had its own special meaning. For example, the pelican, which was believed to tear open its breast to bring its young to life with its own blood, was a living representation of Jesus. Thus the bestiary is also a reference to the symbolic language of animals in Western Christian art and literature.
Mechel
Mechel (Russian: ПАО «Мечел») is one of Russia's mining and metals companies, comprising producers of coal, iron ore in concentrate, steel, rolled steel products.  Headquartered in Moscow, it sells its products in Russia and overseas, and is formally known as Public Joint Stock Company Mechel.

Elga coal mine
The Elga Coal Mine (Russian: Эльгинское угольное месторождение) is a coal mine located in Sakha Republic. The mine has coal reserves amounting to 2.1 billion tonnes of coking coal, one of the largest coal reserves in Asia and the world. The mine has an annual production capacity of 9 million tonnes of coal.
The Roald Dahl Treasury
The Roald Dahl Treasury is an anthology of works of the children's author Roald Dahl. It was first published in the United Kingdom in 1997 by Jonathan Cape.

Included amongst excerpts from all of Dahl's children's books and some previously unpublished material, are unexpurgated colour reprints of The Enormous Crocodile, The Giraffe and the Pelly and Me, Esio Trot and The Minpins.

The book includes a large volume of illustrations by Quentin Blake, with some specially commissioned for the project and some appearing for the first time in colour. A selection of guest illustrators including Raymond Briggs and Ralph Steadman add visual variety to the extracts. The book also includes an excerpt from an interview given by Dahl and many letters exchanged between Dahl and family members, including Ophelia Dahl.

The Minpins
The Minpins is a novel by Roald Dahl with illustrations by Patrick Benson. It was published in 1991, shortly after Dahl's death in November 1990, and is the author's final work of literature. The book was republished in 2017 under the title Billy and the Minpins with new illustrations by Dahl's primary illustrator, Quentin Blake.
Johnson Mountain (Washington)
Johnson Mountain is a 6,721-foot (2,049-metre) mountain summit located in the Glacier Peak Wilderness of the North Cascades in Washington state. The mountain is situated in eastern Snohomish County, in the Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. The nearest higher peak is White Mountain, 3.3 mi (5.3 km) to the northeast, along with Indian Head Peak 3.38 mi (5.44 km) to the east. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Sauk River. The mountain's name honors Mackinaw Johnson, a prospector who had a cabin in the vicinity.

Glacier Peak Wilderness
Glacier Peak Wilderness is a 566,057-acre (229,075 ha), 35-mile-long (56 km), 20-mile-wide (32 km) wilderness area  located within portions of Chelan, Snohomish, and Skagit counties in the North Cascades of Washington. The area lies within parts of Wenatchee National Forest and Mount Baker National Forest and is characterized by heavily forested stream courses, steep-sided valleys, and dramatic glacier-crowned peaks. The dominant geologic feature of the area is 10,541-foot (3,213 m) Glacier Peak. It is the most remote major volcanic peak in the Cascade Range and is the third most heavily glaciated volcano in the lower forty-eight states behind Mount Rainier and Mount Baker. Glacier Peak is a volcanic cone of basalt, pumice, and ash which erupted during periods of heavy glaciation.
Klein-Ulsda
Klein-Ulsda (Dutch pronunciation: [klɛin ˈʏlzdaː]; English: Small Ulsda) is a hamlet near Oudeschans in the municipality of Westerwolde in the Netherlands.

The hamlet was first mentioned between 1851 and 1855 Kl. Ulsda, and means little Ulsda after the nearby village. It was sometimes refer to as Hutte(n), because of the tiny houses. The postal authorities have placed it under Oudeschans. Klein-Ulsda has place name signs. It was home to 64 people in 1840.

Westerwolde (municipality)
Westerwolde (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌʋɛstərˈʋɔldə]; Gronings: Westerwoolde) is a municipality in the province of Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands.

The municipalities of Bellingwedde and Vlagtwedde have merged into the new municipality of Westerwolde on 1 January 2018. The municipality continues to use both municipal halls in Sellingen and Wedde.
Rajapaksa Central College
Rajapaksa Central College (Sinhala: රාජපක්ෂ මධ්‍ය විද්‍යාලය), located in the Hambantota district, Southern Province of Sri Lanka, was established in 1940 as one of the first central colleges by C. W. W. Kannangara. It is a mixed school  with a current student population of over 4000. It is one of first five Central Colleges in Sri Lanka. It is named in honour of D. M. Rajapaksa, who was a Sri Lankan politician and Member of Parliament who represented the Beliatta electorate in Hambantota district from 1947 to 1965. Today, this institution has established itself as one of the top 50 schools on the island.

Hambantota
Hambantota (Sinhala: හම්බන්තොට, Tamil: அம்பாந்தோட்டை) is the main city in Hambantota District, Southern Province, Sri Lanka.

This area was hit hard by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and underwent a number of major development projects including the construction of a new sea port and international airport finished in 2013. These projects and others such as Hambantota Cricket Stadium are said to form part of the government's plan to transform Hambantota into the second major urban hub of Sri Lanka, away from Colombo.
11-Dehydrocorticosterone
11-Dehydrocorticosterone (11-DHC), also known as 11-oxocorticosterone or 17-deoxycortisone, as well as 21-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,11,20-trione, is a naturally occurring, endogenous corticosteroid related to cortisone and corticosterone. It is a potent mineralocorticoid, with generally greater such activity than that of corticosterone.

Corticosterone
Corticosterone, also known as 17-deoxycortisol and 11β,21-dihydroxyprogesterone, is a 21-carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands.  In the very rare case of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17α-hydroxylase deficiency cortisol production is blocked.
2002 National League Division Series
The 2002 National League Division Series (NLDS), the opening round on the National League side of Major League Baseball’s 2002 postseason, began on Tuesday, October 1, and ended on Monday, October 7, with the champions of the three NL divisions—along with a "wild card" team—participating in two best-of-five series. The teams were:

(1) Atlanta Braves (Eastern Division champion, 101–59) vs. (4) San Francisco Giants (Wild Card, 95–66); Giants win series, 3–2.

(2) Arizona Diamondbacks (Western Division champion, 98–64) vs. (3) St. Louis Cardinals (Central Division champion, 97–65); Cardinals win series, 3–0.

The Cardinals and Giants went on to meet in the NL Championship Series (NLCS). The Giants became the National League champion, and lost to the American League champion Anaheim Angels in the 2002 World Series.

National League Division Series
In Major League Baseball, the National League Division Series (NLDS) determines which two teams from the National League will advance to the National League Championship Series. The Division Series consists of two best-of-five series, featuring each of the two division winners with the best records and the winners of the wild-card playoffs.
Landau–de Gennes theory
In physics, Landau–de Gennes theory describes the NI transition, i.e., phase transition between nematic liquid crystals and isotropic liquids, which is based on the classical Landau's theory and was developed by Pierre-Gilles de Gennes in 1969. The phenomenological theory uses the  tensor as an order parameter in expanding the free energy density.

Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.
Chaetopappa ericoides
Chaetopappa ericoides is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names rose heath and heath-leaved chaetopappa. It is native to the southwestern and western Great Plains regions of the United States, plus northern Mexico.  It is found in California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sonora, Durango, Zacatecas, San Luis Potosí, and Nuevo León.

Chaetopappa ericoides is a petite perennial herb reaching heights between 5 and 15 centimeters (2–6 inches). The hairy, glandular stem grows from a woody caudex and branches several times. The green leaves are up to about a centimeter long and are glandular and bristly. The tiny flower head is 1 or 2 centimeters wide with white or pinkish ray florets around a center of yellow disc florets. Each head has a base of pointed purple-tipped greenish phyllaries. The fruit is a hairy, round achene with a bristly white pappus.

Gland (botany)
In plants, a gland is defined functionally as a plant structure which secretes one or more products.  This may be located on or near the plant surface and secrete externally, or be internal to the plant and secrete into a canal or reservoir.  Examples include glandular hairs, nectaries, hydathodes, and the resin canals in Pinus.
Prostaglandin inhibitors
Prostaglandin inhibitors are drugs that inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandin in human body. There are various types of prostaglandins responsible for different physiological reactions such as maintaining the blood flow in stomach and kidney, regulating the contraction of involuntary muscles and blood vessels, and act as a mediator of inflammation and pain. Cyclooxygenase (COX) and Phospholipase A2 are the major enzymes involved in prostaglandin production, and they are the drug targets for prostaglandin inhibitors. There are mainly 2 classes of prostaglandin inhibitors, namely non- steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and glucocorticoids. In the following sections, the medical uses, side effects, contraindications, toxicity and the pharmacology of these prostaglandin inhibitors will be discussed.

Thromboxane
Thromboxane A2

Thromboxane B2

Thromboxane is a member of the family of lipids known as eicosanoids. The two major thromboxanes are thromboxane A2 and thromboxane B2. The distinguishing feature of thromboxanes is a 6-membered ether-containing ring.

Thromboxane is named for its role in blood clot formation (thrombosis).