hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander Rosenberg
Alexander Rosenberg (who generally publishes as "Alex") is an American philosopher and novelist. He is the R. Taylor Cole Professor of Philosophy at Duke University, well known for contributions to philosophy of biology and philosophy of economics.

Rosenberg describes himself as a "naturalist".

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Dustin Jacoby
Dustin Anthony Jacoby (born April 4, 1988) is an American professional mixed martial artist and former kickboxer. He currently competes in the Light Heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). In kickboxing, he has competed for GLORY, and in MMA, he has also competed for Bellator, World Series of Fighting, and Titan FC. He has fought as both a Light Heavyweight and a Middleweight. On November 1, 2018, he was ranked as the #8 middleweight kickboxer in the world by Combat Press.

As of February 10, 2026, he is #14 in the UFC light heavyweight rankings.

Middleweight (MMA)
The middleweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's middleweight division, which groups competitors within 171 to 185 lb (77.5 to 84 kg)

The Shooto's middleweight class, which refers to competitors between 155 and 170 lb (70.3 and 77.1 kg)

The ONE Championship's middleweight division follows the Pride FC model, with an upper limit of 93 kg (205 lb)

The Road FC's  middleweight division, with an upper limit of 185 lb (84 kg)
Rossleigh Court
Rossleigh Court is a rental apartment building located on the northwest corner of 85th Street and Central Park West on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City.

Like the similarly designed and adjoining building to its north, 257 Central Park West, Rossleigh Court was designed by Mulliken and Moeller and built by Gotham Building and Construction between 1906 and 1907. Opening one year after its "twin" to the north, both buildings followed the popular "French Flat" model in a Beaux-Arts style.

Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)
Eighth Avenue is a major north–south avenue on the west side of Manhattan in New York City, carrying northbound traffic below 59th Street. It is one of the original avenues of the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 to run the length of Manhattan, though today the name changes twice: At 59th Street/Columbus Circle, it becomes Central Park West, where it forms the western boundary of Central Park, and north of 110th Street/Frederick Douglass Circle, it is known as Frederick Douglass Boulevard before merging onto Harlem River Drive north of 155th Street.
Pablo Mauricio Alvergue
Pablo Mauricio Alvergue Rovira (25 January 1930 – 6 February 2024) was a vice president of El Salvador in the cabinet of Álvaro Magaña from 1982 to 1984.

He was a member of Christian Democratic Party.

Alvergue was minister of the interior in 1980. Legislative Assembly of El Salvador elected him as third vice president of Álvaro Magaña in May 1982. Rodolfo Antonio Castillo Claramount succeeded him as vice president in June 1984. Later in the 1980s, Alvergue served as Salvadoran ambassador to Washington D.C. In 1989 he was attorney of former president José Napoleón Duarte. He was also the president of the Christian Democratic Party.

Later, Alvergue was a deputy of El Salvador in Central American Parliament.

Alvergue owned a large farm south of San Salvador.

José Napoleón Duarte
José Napoleón Duarte Fuentes (23 November 1925 – 23 February 1990) was a Salvadoran politician who served as President of El Salvador from 1984 to 1989 during the Salvadoran Civil War. He was mayor of San Salvador before running for president in 1972. He lost, but the election is widely viewed as fraudulent. Following a coup d'état in 1979, Duarte led the subsequent civil-military Junta from 1980 to 1982. He was then elected president in 1984, defeating ARENA party leader Roberto D'Aubuisson.

Supported by the American Reagan Administration and the Central Intelligence Agency, his time in office occurred during the worst years of the Salvadoran Civil War, which saw numerous abuses and massacres of the civilian population by the Salvadoran security forces and the death squads linked to them.
WRRH
WRRH (106.1 FM), branded on-air as Renacer 106.1 FM, is a radio station broadcasting a Contemporary Christian format. Licensed to Hormigueros, Puerto Rico, it serves the Puerto Rico area.  The station is currently owned by Renacer Broadcasters Corporation.

The call letter "WRRH" also refer to the radio station of the Ramapo-Indian Hills School District in Franklin Lakes-Oakland-Wyckoff, New Jersey until 1989.  It was a part-time, student-run radio station at 88.7 FM.

Hormigueros, Puerto Rico
Hormigueros (Spanish pronunciation: [oɾmiˈɣeɾos], locally [oɭmiˈɣeɾoʔ]) is a town and municipality of Puerto Rico located in the western region of the island, northeast of Cabo Rojo; northwest of San Germán; and south of Mayagüez. Hormigueros is spread over 5 barrios and Hormigueros Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center). It is part of the Mayagüez Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Rite Now
Rite Now is the eighteenth solo album by Julian Cope, released in 2002. It is also the third album in the Rite series following the earlier albums Rite (1992) and Rite² (1997).

Mostly instrumental, the album features four "meditational funk-a-thons", as Cope's website describes them, combining funky grooves and krautrock rhythms with wah-wah guitars and "cosmic" synthesizers.

Rite (album)
Rite is an ambient album by Julian Cope and Donald Ross Skinner, released in February 1993 on Cope's own Ma-Gog label. It is the first album in the Rite series and has been described as "a series of lengthy, mostly instrumental jamming freakouts influenced by both Krautrock and psychedelic funk." The album was available as mail-order only.
Gmina Okonek
Gmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) north-west of Złotów and 126 km (78 mi) north of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 325.88 square kilometres (125.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082).

Złotów County
Złotów County (Polish: powiat złotowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. Its administrative seat and largest town is Złotów, which lies 107 kilometres (66 mi) north of the regional capital Poznań. The county contains three other towns: Jastrowie, 17 km (11 mi) northwest of Złotów, Okonek, 23 km (14 mi) northwest of Złotów, and Krajenka, 7 km (4 mi) southwest of Złotów.

The county covers an area of 1,661 square kilometres (641.3 sq mi). As of 2011, its total population is 68,791, out of which the population of Złotów is 18,303, that of Jastrowie is 8,485, that of Okonek is 3,855, that of Krajenka is 3,659, and the rural population is 34,489.
1915 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1915 Indiana Hoosiers football team was an American football team that represented Indiana University Bloomington during the 1915 college football season. In their second season under head coach Clarence Childs, the Hoosiers compiled a 3–3–1 record and finished in eighth place in the Western Conference. They won games against DePauw (7–0), Miami (OH) (41–0), and Northwestern (14–6), tied with Washington and Lee (7–7), and lost to Chicago (13–7), Ohio State (10–9), and Purdue (7–0).

1915 Purdue Boilermakers football team
The 1915 Purdue Boilermakers football team was an American football team that represented Purdue University during the 1915 college football season. In their third season under head coach “fighting” Andy Smith, the Boilermakers compiled a 3–3–1 record, finished in a tie for fifth place in the Western Conference with a 2–2 record against conference opponents, allowing the same number of points, 62. “Indestructible” Frank B. Blocker was the team captain.
Stress and vowel reduction in English
Stress is a prominent feature of the English language, both at the level of the word (lexical stress) and at the level of the phrase or sentence (prosodic stress). Absence of stress on a syllable, or on a word in some cases, is frequently associated in English with vowel reduction – many such syllables are pronounced with a centralized vowel (schwa) or with certain other vowels that are described as being "reduced" (or sometimes with a syllabic consonant as the syllable nucleus rather than a vowel). Various contradictory phonological analyses exist for these phenomena.

For example, in the following sentence, a speaker would typically pronounce have with a schwa, as /həv/ or /əv/:

Alice and Bob have arrived.

But in other contexts where the word carries stress, it would be pronounced in its "strong" (unreduced) form as /hæv/. For example:

Have Alice and Bob arrived?

[In response to the question "Have Alice and Bob arrived?"] They have.

Phoneme
A phoneme (/ˈfoʊniːm/) is a set of similar speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word from another. All languages contain phonemes (or the spatial–gestural equivalent in sign languages), and all spoken languages include both consonant and vowel phonemes. Phonemes are studied under phonology, a branch of linguistics (a discipline encompassing language, writing, speech and related matters).

Phonemes are often represented, when written, as a glyph (a character) enclosed within two forward-sloping slashes /. For example, /k/ represents the phoneme or sound used at the beginning of the English-language word cat (as opposed to, say, the /b/ of bat).
Valdés family
The Valdés family is Spanish descent consisting of a number of famous comedians and singers.

Some notable members are:

Germán Valdés, a comedian (a.k.a. "Tin Tán").
Rosalía Valdés, an actress and singer daughter of Germán.

Manuel Valdés, a comedian brother of Germán (a.k.a. "el loco Valdés").
Cristian Castro, a famous singer son of Manuel and Verónica Castro (He has never used the name Valdés).
Marcos Valdés, an actor and singer son of Manuel.

Antonio Valdés, a comedian brother of Germán, Ramón and Manuel (a.k.a. "el ratón  Valdés").

Ramón Valdés, a comedian brother of Germán, Antonio and Manuel (a.k.a. "Moncho" or "Monchito").

Rosalía Valdés
Rosalía Valdés Julián (born 1958) is a Mexican former singer and actress. She is the daughter of Mexican comedian Germán Valdés and former singer Rosalía Julián. Her performance in the movie El Vuelo de la cigüeña (1979) earned her a Heraldo prize. She is now retired from the entertainment industry.
2014–15 Euro Hockey Tour
The 2014–15 Euro Hockey Tour was the 19th season of Euro Hockey Tour. It started on 6 November 2014 and ended on 25 April 2015. A total of 24 games were played, with each team playing 12 games. The season consisted of the Karjala Tournament, the Channel One Cup, and three rounds of double headers. An interrupted game between Sweden and Finland on 6 February 2015 did not count towards the final standings and was not replayed. Sweden won the tournament.

Euro Hockey Tour
The Euro Hockey Tour (EHT) is an annual ice hockey tournament open to national teams of the Czech Republic, Finland, Switzerland and Sweden. The competition is regarded as a preparation for the upcoming World Championships or Olympics, allowing less experienced players to collect valuable ice time in their national colours.
Dmitri Sychev
Dmitri Yevgenyevich Sychev (Russian: Дми́трий Евге́ньевич Сычёв, romanized: Dmitriy Yevgen’yevich Sychyov, IPA: [ˈdmʲitrʲɪj jɪvˈɡʲenʲjɪvʲɪtɕ sɨˈtɕɵf] ⓘ; born 26 October 1983) is a Russian professional football official and a former player who played as a forward or as a midfielder. He is the president of Irtysh Omsk. He was hailed by the international press as "The Russian Michael Owen", because of his pace, and was dubbed "the most sensational young Russian forward since Vladimir Beschastnykh". He was well known for his blinding pace and agility.

2004 Russian Premier League
Following are the results of the 2004 Russian Premier League, the top division of Russian association football. Lokomotiv won their second Premier League title, while Krylya Sovetov finished in the top three for the first time, winning bronze. Kuban were relegated after just one season in the Premier League. They were joined by Rotor who played at the top level since the beginning of the Russian league.
Vernolepin
Vernolepin is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the dried fruit of Vernonia amygdalina. It shows platelet anti-aggregating properties and is also an irreversible DNA polymerase inhibitor, hence may have antitumor properties.

Sesquiterpene lactone
Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are a class of sesquiterpenoids that contain a lactone ring.  They are most often found in plants of the family Asteraceae (daisies, asters).  Other plant families with SLs are Umbelliferae (celery, parsley, carrots) and Magnoliaceae (magnolias). A collection of colorless, lipophilic solids, SLs are a rich source of drugs.  They can be allergenic and toxic in grazing livestock causing severe neurological problems in horses.  Some are also found in corals of the order Octocorallia.
2025 Baptist Health 200
The 2025 Baptist Health 200 was the 4th stock car race of the 2025 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, and the 29th iteration of the event. The race was held on Friday, March 21, 2025, at Homestead–Miami Speedway in Homestead, Florida, a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) permanent oval shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 134 laps to complete.

In an action-packed race, Kyle Larson, driving for Spire Motorsports, would make a remarkable comeback, spinning out in the late stages and gaining 22 positions in the final 38 laps to earn his fourth career NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series win, and his first of the season. Corey Heim started on the pole and dominated the majority of the race, winning both stages and leading a race-high 78 laps, before being plagued by power issues late in the event, finishing 3rd. To fill out the podium, Layne Riggs, driving for Front Row Motorsports, would finish in 2nd, respectively.

NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series at Homestead–Miami Speedway
Stock car races in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series have been held at the Homestead–Miami Speedway in Homestead, Florida, since 1996.
The 200-mile race, originally a 250-mile race between 1996 and 2002, is currently known as Baptist Health 200 for sponsorship reasons.

Kyle Larson is the race's defending winner.
Venetian Crusade
The Venetian Crusade of 1122–1124 was an expedition to the Holy Land launched by the Republic of Venice that succeeded in capturing Tyre. It was an important victory at the start of a period when the Kingdom of Jerusalem would expand to its greatest extent under Baldwin II of Jerusalem. The Venetians gained valuable trading concessions in Tyre. Through raids on Byzantine territory both on the way to the Holy Land and on the return journey, the Venetians forced the Byzantines to confirm, as well as extend, their trading privileges with the empire.

Artuqids
The Artuqid dynasty (alternatively Artukid, Ortoqid, or Ortokid; Old Anatolian Turkish: أرتقي بيليك, Turkish: Artuklu Beyliği, Artuklular, pl. Artukoğulları) was established in 1102 as a Turkish principality of the Seljuk Empire. It formed a Turkoman dynasty rooted in the Oghuz Döğer tribe, and followed the Sunni Muslim faith. It ruled in Northern Syria and Upper Mesopotamia in the eleventh through thirteenth centuries. The Artuqid dynasty took its name from its founder, Artuk Bey, who was a member of Döger branch of the Oghuz Turks and ruled one of the Turkmen principalities of the Seljuk Empire. Artuk's sons and descendants ruled the three branches in the region: Sökmen's descendants ruled the region around Hasankeyf between 1102 and 1231; Ilghazi's branch ruled from Mardin and Mayyafariqin between 1106 and 1186 (until 1409 as vassals) and Aleppo from 1117–1128; and the Harput line starting in 1112 under the Sökmen branch, and was independent between 1185 and 1233.
Lewis and Clark Lake
Lewis and Clark Lake is a 31,400 acre (130 km2) reservoir located on the border of the U.S. states of Nebraska and South Dakota on the Missouri River. The lake is approximately 25 miles (40 km) in length with over 90 miles (140 km) of shoreline and a maximum water depth of 45 feet (14 m). The lake is impounded by Gavins Point Dam and is managed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District.

South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks
The South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks (GFP) is the U.S. State of South Dakota's state agency charged with the management of the state's public recreational and outdoor resources. The GFP manages the 13 state parks and 43 state recreation areas within the state parks system, totaling over 96,000 acres of public lands. The agency manages the hunting of game and the state's fisheries, manages several wildlife management areas and game production areas to restore or establish habitat for a variety of species. The agency conducts public outdoor education programs, typically focusing on hunting and boating safety. The department issues hunting and fishing licenses along with issuance of boat registrations. The agency is also charged with enforcement of fish and game laws, including invasive species regulations. The agency is headquartered in Pierre, South Dakota.
Nakagawa Jun'an
Nakagawa Jun'an (中川 淳庵, 1739 – 2 July 1786) was a Japanese medical doctor, botanist, and scholar of rangaku (Western learning). He was a junior colleague of Sugita Genpaku, with whom he studied and worked in Obama Domain, Wakasa Province, a center for Western medicine in Edo period Japan. Along with Sugita and Maeno Ryōtaku　(前野 良沢), Nakagawa prepared Kaitai Shinsho, a translation of the Dutch "New Book of Anatomy." Nakagawa was very active in circles of rangaku scholars, and is said to have played an important role in the field's progression and advancement.

Rangaku
Rangaku (Kyūjitai: 蘭學, English: Dutch learning), and by extension Yōgaku (Japanese: 洋学; "Western learning"), is a body of knowledge developed by Japan through its contacts with the Dutch enclave of Dejima, which allowed Japan to keep abreast of Western technology and medicine in the period when the country was closed to foreigners from 1641 to 1853 because of the Tokugawa shogunate's policy of national isolation (sa'koku).

Through Rangaku, some people in Japan learned many aspects of the scientific and technological revolution occurring in Europe at that time, helping the country build up the beginnings of a theoretical and technological scientific base, which helps to explain Japan's success in its radical and speedy modernization following the forced American opening of the country to foreign trade in 1854.
Rádio Disney Brasil
Radio Disney Brasil is a radio network that is mostly owned by Rádio Holding, but The Walt Disney Company also has a 30% share. São Paulo is the only city in Brazil that has this format being carried on a radio station. The station broadcasts on 91.3 MHz and online. All programming is produced and broadcast live from World Trade Center de São Paulo (in short WTCSP), whilst the transmitter is located at the top of São Luís Gonzaga building in Espigão da Paulista.

The music programming is aimed primarily at youth and adolescents, similar to the American version, and it's the ninth one of its kind in Latin America. It is currently São Paulo's fifth most popular youth-oriented radio station (behind Jovem Pan FM, 89 FM a Rádio Rock, Metropolitana FM and Kiss FM, but ahead of Mix FM, Transamérica, Energia 97 and Dumont FM).

Jovem Pan FM
Jovem Pan FM is a large Brazilian Radio Network, with 25 million listeners and 87 broadcasters, it is the largest FM radio network in Brazil, Latin America and the Southern Hemisphere, and is also one of the largest radio stations on the planet.

The name is derived from the word jovem, which means "young", and Pan-american. The latter comes from the name of Radio Panamerican, which began broadcasting from São Paulo on May 3, 1944 and was purchased in November of the same year by entrepreneur and sports executive Paulo Machado de Carvalho.
558 BC
The year 558 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 196 Ab urbe condita. The denomination 558 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Jin (Chinese state)
Jin (traditional Chinese: 晉; simplified Chinese: 晋, Old Chinese: *tsi[n]-s), originally known as Tang (唐), was a major state during the middle part of the Zhou dynasty, based near the centre of what was then China, on the lands attributed to the legendary Xia dynasty: the southern part of modern Shanxi. Although it grew in power during the Spring and Autumn period, its aristocratic structure saw it break apart when the duke lost power to his nobles. In 403 BC, the Zhou court recognized Jin's three successor states: Han, Zhao, and Wei. The Partition of Jin marks the end of the Spring and Autumn period and the beginning of the Warring States period.
Teodor Janković-Mirijevski
Teodor Janković Mirijevski (also written F. I. Mirievskii, Fedor Ivanovich Yankovich de Mirievo; Sremska Kamenica, 17 April 1741 – Saint Petersburg, 22 May 1814) was a Serbian and Russian educational reformer, academic, scholar and pedagogical writer. For his accomplishments in educational reforms he was twice ennobled, by Maria Theresa in 1774 and by Catherine the Great in 1791. Among the great 18th century education reformers of Europe and Russia, Teodor Janković stands alone in that limelight. He became a member of the Russian Academy in 1783. He also held the rank of Brigadier in the Imperial Russian Army.

His son Ivan Yankovich de Mirievo held the rank of Lieutenant General in the Imperial Russian Army.

Péter Petrovics
Péter Petrovics (Hungarian: Petrovics Péter; Serbian: Петар Петровић/Petar Petrović; c. 1486 – October 1557) was a Hungarian noble of Serb ethnicity from Banat, who was active in the 16th-century Transylvania. He was a major supporter of the Protestant Reformation.