hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qarqin District
Qarqin (Persian: قرقین) is a small boundary district in the northern part of Jowzjan province, Afghanistan. It borders Turkmenistan to the north along the Amu Darya River, Khamyab District to the west, Mingajik and Mardyan districts to the south, and Balkh province to the east. In 2021, the population was 47,000. The district center is the town of Qarqin, which is situated on the bank of the Amu Darya River.

Amu Darya
The Amu Darya, historically known as the Oxus, is a major river in Central Asia which flows through Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Rising in the Pamir Mountains, north of the Hindu Kush, the Amu Darya is formed by the confluence of the Vakhsh and Panj rivers, in the Tigrovaya Balka Nature Reserve on the border between Afghanistan and Tajikistan, and flows from there north-westwards into the southern remnants of the Aral Sea. However, today the Amu Darya does not reach the Aral Sea, and its mouth is in a dried-up area, of what was once the Aral Sea. In its upper course, the river forms part of Afghanistan's northern border with Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. In ancient history, the river was regarded as the boundary of Greater Iran with Turan, which roughly corresponded to present-day Central Asia. The Amu Darya has a flow of about 70 cubic kilometres per year on average.
Dindori, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency
Dindori Assembly constituency is one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It is part of Dindori District, and a segment of Mandla (Lok Sabha constituency).

Mandla Lok Sabha constituency
Mandla is one of the 29 Lok Sabha constituencies in Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes, it became a reserved constituency in 1957. It presently covers the entire Dindori and Mandla districts and parts of Seoni and Narsinghpur districts.
India at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
India competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 to 18 September 2016. The nation made its official debut at the 1968 Summer Paralympics and has appeared in every edition of the Summer Paralympics since 1984. This is India's 11th appearance at the Summer Paralympics.

India sent its largest ever delegation for the Summer Paralympic Games consisting of 19 athletes competing across five sports. Devendra Jhajharia was the flag bearer during the opening ceremony and Mariyappan Thangavelu carried the Indian flag during the closing ceremony. The Games also marked India's best ever performance at the Paralympics till then with four medals including one gold, one silver and two bronze medals.

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Athletics events at the 2016 Summer Paralympics were held in the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 8 to 18 September 2016. 177 events were held across both genders where 1,100 athletes competed. The athletics programme was the largest element of the Games programme in terms of entrants and medals awarded.
Lucas Sirkar
Lucas Sirkar, SDB (24 September 1936 – 18 April 2021) was an Indian Roman Catholic archbishop, He served as the archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Calcutta. He was succeeded by Thomas D'Souza, the current serving Archbishop of Calcutta.

He was ordained as a priest on 20 April 1968 and was a member of the religious institute, the Salesians of Don Bosco.

On 22 June 1984 he was appointed and on 22 September 1984 was consecrated as a Diocesan Bishop of Krishnagar. On 14 April 2000, he was appointed Coadjutor Archbishop of Calcutta. After the retirement of Henry Sebastian D'Souza, he succeeded him on 2 April 2002 as Archbishop of Calcutta. On 23 February 2012, Pope Benedict XVI accepted the resignation request made by Lucas Sirkar citing advanced age.

Sirkar died on 18 April 2021.

Henry Sebastian D'Souza
Henry Sebastian D'Souza (20 January 1926 – 27 June 2016) was an Indian Roman Catholic bishop.

Born in Igatpuri, D'Souza was ordained a priest in 1948. He became Bishop of Cuttack-Bhubaneswar in 1974 and was named coadjutor Archbishop of Calcutta in 1985. D'Souza retired in 2002 as Archbishop of Calcutta and started the Life Ascending- a monthly newsletter for the elderly. He died at the age of 90 in 2016 at Vianney Home, Kolkata. He was the Archbishop of Calcutta (Kolkata) when Saint Mother Teresa was in her later years and upon her death in the year 1997, helped initiate and support her sainthood.
Yakutian horse
The Yakutian (Yakut: Саха ата, romanized: Sakha ata) or Yakut is a native horse breed from Sakha (Yakutia) in the region of Siberia in Russia. It is large compared to the otherwise similar Mongolian horse and Przewalski's horse.: 340  It is noted for its adaptation to the extreme cold climate of Yakutia, including the ability to locate and graze on vegetation that is under deep snow cover, and to survive without shelter in temperatures that reach −70 °C (−94 °F).

The horses appear to have evolved from domesticated horses brought with the Yakuts when they migrated to the area beginning in the 13th century, and are not descended from wild horses known to inhabit the area in Neolithic times.

Hand (unit)
The hand is a non-SI unit of measurement of length standardized to 4 in (101.6 mm). It is used to measure the height of horses in many English-speaking countries, including Australia, Canada, Ireland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It was originally based on the breadth of a human hand.  The adoption of the international inch in 1959 allowed for a standardized imperial form and a metric conversion. It may be abbreviated to "h" or "hh".  Although measurements between whole hands are usually expressed in what appears to be decimal format, the subdivision of the hand is not decimal but is in base 4, so subdivisions after the radix point are in quarters of a hand, which are inches. Thus, 62 inches is fifteen and a half hands, or 15.2 hh (normally said as "fifteen-two", or occasionally in full as "fifteen hands two inches").
Moslem Rahal
Moslem Rahal (Arabic: مسلم رحال) is a Syrian musician and composer known for his play of the ney, the end-blown reed flute prominent in Middle Eastern music.

Rahal has notably been a member of various ensembles by Spanish-Catalan musician Jordi Savall since 2013. He has performed internationally in Europe and the Middle East as soloist and ensemble musician in concert halls and festivals in France, Germany and Spain.

Arabic music
Arabic music (Arabic: الموسيقى العربية, romanized: al-mūsīqā l-ʿarabiyyah) is the music of the Arab world with all its diverse music styles and genres. Arabic countries have many rich and varied styles of music and also many linguistic dialects, with each country and region having their own traditional music.

Arabic music has a long history of interaction with many other regional musical styles and genres. It represents the music of all the peoples that make up the Arab world today.
Teófilo Cid
Teófilo Cid (September 27, 1914 – June 15, 1964) was a Chilean poet. He was a member of the Chilean Generación del 38 or Generation of 1938, but was a member of the small Surrealist group in the generation, known as La Mandrágora. Other poets of this elite group were Braulio Arenas and Enrique Gómez Correa. After living an unrestrained life, he died before reaching 50 years of age. He was awarded a number of prizes.

He published a number of books including Bouldroud (1942), El tiempo de la sospecha, lit. Time of the Suspect (1952) which was about critical views of the dictator Carlos Ibáñez del Campo who ran from 1927 until 1931, Camino del Ñielol (1954) which contains a long poem of a thousand verses.  He also wrote articles in the seminary Pro-Arte and the La Hora newspaper.

In 1976, Alfonso Calderón made his works in several newspapers and reviews including Pro-Arte and Alerce under the title ¡Hasta Mapocho no más!

Alfonso Calderón (poet)
Alfonso Calderón Squadritto (November 21, 1930 – August 8, 2009) was a Chilean poet and writer. He won the Chilean National Prize for Literature in 1998. He had been a member of the Academia Chilena de la Lengua (Chilean Academy of Language) since 1981. He died on August 8, 2009, having suffered a heart attack.
Loanwords in Nigerian Pidgin
Loanwords in Nigerian Pidgin are the various words borrowed from other languages in order to enrich the Nigerian Pidgin lexicon. The English-based creole language has developed a distinctive lexicon through extensive lexical borrowing from Nigeria's diverse linguistic landscape. While maintaining English as its primary lexifier, the language incorporates substantial loanwords from three major indigenous languages: Yoruba, Hausa, and Igbo, with Yoruba being the most influential contributor. These borrowings reflect centuries of cultural exchange and socioeconomic interaction among Nigeria's ethnic groups.

Hausa language
Hausa (/ˈhaʊsə/; in Hausa: Harshen/Halshen Hausa listenⓘ /hawˈsa/; Ajami: هَرْشٜىٰن هَوْسَا‎) is a Chadic language spoken primarily by the Hausa people in Niger (where it is the sole official language, having replaced French in 2025) and in the northern parts of Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin and Togo and the southern parts of Chad. It is also spoken by a significant minority in Ivory Coast and a small number of speakers in Sudan.

Hausa is a member of the Afroasiatic language family and is the most widely spoken language within the Chadic branch of that family. Hausa is tonal, using relative pitch both to distinguish words, and mark grammatical categories. Ethnologue estimated that it was spoken as a first language by some 58 million people and as a second language by another 36 million, bringing the total number of Hausa speakers to an estimated 94 million.

In Nigeria, the Hausa film industry is known as Kannywood.
2007 UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Men's keirin
The Men's keirin was one of the 10 men's events held at the 2007 UCI Track World Championship, held in Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

29 cyclists from 18 countries participated in the contest. After the 4 qualifying heats, the fastest 2 riders in each heat advance to the second round. The remaining ones face a first round repechage.

The riders that did not advance to the second round race in 4 repechage heats. The first rider in each heat advance to the second round along with the 8 that qualified before.

The first 3 riders from each of the 2 Second Round heats advance to the Final and the remaining will race a consolation 7–12 final.

The whole event took place on March 30. The First Round and Repechage on the morning session and the Second Round and Finals on the evening session. The Final started at 20:40.

2007 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 2007 UCI Track Cycling World Championships is the World Championship for track cycling. It took place in Palma de Mallorca, Spain from March 29, 2007 to April 1, 2007. The event was dominated by the Great Britain team who topped the medals table, winning seven of the seventeen gold medals on offer.

The 2007 programme comprised 17 events, including the 10 Olympic events, and was also the first time that the multi-disciplinary Omnium – a cycling equivalent to the athletics pentathlon consisting of 5 events – was contested.
Teen Titans (2006 video game)
Teen Titans is a 2006 action beat 'em up video game released for the GameCube, PlayStation 2, and Xbox. A game under the same name was released for the Game Boy Advance on October 16, 2005. They were developed by Artificial Mind and Movement and published by THQ in conjunction with Majesco Entertainment. The game is themed after the 2003 Cartoon Network TV series Teen Titans, and most of the original voice actors reprise their respective roles.

The game was met with mixed reception from critics. While reviewers generally praised the game for being true to the show, many found its gameplay boring and repetitive.

Havok (software)
Havok is a middleware software suite developed by the Irish company Havok. Havok provides physics engine, navigation, and cloth simulation components that can be integrated into video game engines.

In 2007, Intel acquired Havok Inc. In 2008, Havok was honored at the 59th Annual Technology & Engineering Emmy Awards for advancing the development of physics engines in electronic entertainment. In 2015, Microsoft acquired Havok.
Carnot group
In mathematics, a Carnot group is a simply connected nilpotent Lie group, together with a derivation of its Lie algebra such that the subspace with eigenvalue 1 generates the Lie algebra. The subbundle of the tangent bundle associated to this eigenspace is called horizontal. On a Carnot group, any norm on the horizontal subbundle gives rise to a Carnot–Carathéodory metric. Carnot–Carathéodory metrics have metric dilations; they are asymptotic cones (see Ultralimit) of finitely-generated nilpotent groups, and of nilpotent Lie groups, as well as tangent cones of sub-Riemannian manifolds.

Pierre Pansu
Pierre Pansu (born 13 July 1959) is a French mathematician and a member of the Arthur Besse group and a close collaborator of Mikhail Gromov. He is a professor at the Université Paris-Sud 11 and the École Normale Supérieure in Paris. His main research field is geometry. His contribution to mathematics was celebrated by a double event (a conference and a workshop) co-organized for his 60th birthday by the Clay Mathematics Institute.

Pierre Pansu is the grandson of French physician Félix Esclangon, and the great grand-nephew of mathematician and astronomer Ernest Esclangon, inventor of the talking clock, and brother of Robert Pansu, chemist and research director at CNRS.
206 Hersilia
206 Hersilia is a fairly large Main belt asteroid. It was discovered by C. H. F. Peters on October 13, 1879, in Clinton, New York. The asteroid was named after Hersilia, Roman wife of Romulus. It is classified as a primitive, dark carbon-rich C-type asteroid.

Measurements made with the IRAS observatory give a diameter of 101.72 ± 5.18 km and a geometric albedo of 0.06 ± 0.01. By comparison, the MIPS photometer on the Spitzer Space Telescope gives a diameter of 97.99 ± 7.40 km and a geometric albedo of 0.06 ± 0.02.

The last close earth transit was in November and December 2002.

Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters
Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters (September 19, 1813 – July 18, 1890) was a German–American astronomer and professor at Hamilton College, New York, and a pioneer in the study and visual discovery of asteroids. His name is often given as C. H. F. Peters.
Svetlana!
"Svetlana!" (Russian: Светлана!) (stylized in uppercase) is a song by Russian rapper Nextime. It was released through Russian label VHQ Music on November 21, 2025. It peaked at number six at Russian Streaming Chart. Outside of Russia, it peaked at number two at Latvian Streaming Chart and within top sixty of the streaming charts in Czech Republic and Slovakia, and in a combined chart in Lithuania.

International Federation of the Phonographic Industry
The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) is the organisation that represents the interests of the recording industry worldwide. It is a non-profit members' organisation registered in Switzerland. It operates a secretariat based in London, with regional offices in Brussels, Hong Kong, Miami, Abu Dhabi, Singapore and Nairobi.
2009 Samsung Securities Cup
The 2009 Samsung Securities Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the tenth edition of the tournament which was part of the Tretorn SERIE+ of the 2009 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Seoul, South Korea between 26 October and 1 November 2009.

2009 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2009 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 20 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and 142 regular series tournaments, with prize money ranging from $25,000 up to $150,000.
Heydar Aliyev's cult of personality
Heydar Aliyev's cult of personality, also known as Heydarism (Azerbaijani: heydərizm), became a significant part of Azerbaijani politics and society after Heydar Aliyev came to power as President of Azerbaijan in 1993 and continued after his death in 2003, when his son Ilham Aliyev succeeded him. Aliyev previously served as a former Soviet politburo member and the leader of Soviet Azerbaijan from 1969 to 1987. After becoming president, he then began to carefully design an autocratic system, with heavy reliance on family and clan members, oil revenues and patronage.

In Azerbaijan, Heydar Aliyev is presented as the "national leader of the Azeri nation".

Death and state funeral of Heydar Aliyev
Heydar Aliyev, the third President of Azerbaijan, died on 12 December 2003 in the Cleveland Clinic (United States) at 10 am local time from heart failure at the age of 80. On 14 December, his coffin was taken to Baku.
Coat of arms of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast
The coat of arms of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast is the official coat of arms of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast in Russia. It consists of a Siberian tiger standing on four legs with the tail and the head turned upwards, of which the latter is facing the observer. This specific position and occurrence of the tiger symbolizes the history and development of the Oblast. The emblem is a heraldic French shield (the ratio of width to height is 8:9) and the background represents the color of the geographical characteristics of the Russian Far East, which includes taigas, hills, and meadows.

History of the Jews in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast
The history of the Jews in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast (JAO), Russia, began with the early settlements of 1928.

Yiddish and Russian are the two official languages of the JAO. According to Peter Matthiessen in The Birds of Heaven, p20-21, “According to local memory, thousands of Jews from Ukraine and elsewhere were transported here during the vast purges and organized famines of the mid-1930s… most of the displaced were city dwellers… a large number of Jews died…”
Iron–sulfur world hypothesis
The iron–sulfur world hypothesis is a set of proposals for the origin of life and the early evolution of life advanced in a series of articles between 1988 and 1992 by Günter Wächtershäuser, a Munich patent lawyer with a degree in chemistry, who had been encouraged and supported by philosopher Karl R. Popper to publish his ideas. The hypothesis proposes that early life may have formed on the surface of iron sulfide minerals, hence the name. It was developed by retrodiction (making a "prediction" about the past) from extant biochemistry (non-extinct, surviving biochemistry) in conjunction with chemical experiments.

Nickel sulfide
Nickel sulfide  is any inorganic compound with the formula NixSy.  These compounds range in color from bronze (Ni3S2) to black (NiS2).  The nickel sulfide with simplest stoichiometry is NiS, also known as the mineral millerite.  From the economic perspective, Ni9S8, the mineral pentlandite, is the chief source of mined nickel.  Other minerals include heazlewoodite (Ni3S2), polydymite (Ni3S4), and vaesite (NiS2). Some nickel sulfides are used commercially as catalysts.
Keld Kristensen
Keld Kristensen (born 16 January 1952) is a Danish football manager and former player who works as a scout. During his playing career, he featured as a right-back for B 1903 and B93. He most notably managed F.C. Copenhagen.

Danish Superliga
The Danish Superliga (Danish: Superligaen, pronounced [ˈsuˀpɐliːˌkɛˀn̩]) is a professional association football league in Denmark and the highest level of the Danish football league system. The league is currently contested by 12 teams each year, with 2 teams relegated. It is the current Danish football championship tournament, and administered by the Divisionsforeningen.
Zairul Fitree Ishak
Zairul Fitree bin Ishak (born 4 February 1985) is a Malaysian former professional footballer who played as a left back. Born and raised in Kota Bharu, Zairul began his career with Kelantan youth team. His senior debut came in 2005. He later was assistant coach of Kelantan The Real Warriors.

Malaysia Super League
The Malaysia Super League (Malay: Liga Super Malaysia), known simply as the Super League (Malay: Liga Super), is the men's top professional football division of the Malaysian football league system. Administered by the Football Malaysia Limited Liability Partnership (FMLLP), now known as the Malaysian Football League (MFL), the Malaysia Super League is contested by 13 clubs. Until 2022, it operated on a system of promotion and relegation with the Malaysia Premier League, with the two lowest-placed teams relegated and replaced by the promoted top two teams in that division. It has replaced the former top-tier league, Liga Perdana 1, which ran from 1998 to 2003.

37 clubs have competed since the inception of the Malaysia Super League in 2004, with eight winning the title (Selangor, Kedah Darul Aman, Kelantan, Sri Pahang, Perlis, Negeri Sembilan, LionsXII and Johor Darul Ta'zim). The current champions are Johor Darul Ta'zim, which won their eleventh title in the 2024–25 edition.
Carlos Cano (footballer)
Carlos David Cano Marín (born 17 December 1969), is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a goalkeeper, and is currently the goalkeeping coach of Albacete Balompié. He made 18 appearances in La Liga in the 1990s for Celta Vigo and Real Oviedo.

Province of Almería
Almería (/ˌælməˈriːə/, also US: /ˌɑːl-/; Spanish: [almeˈɾi.a]) is a province of the autonomous community of Andalusia in Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Granada, Murcia, and the Mediterranean Sea. Its capital is the homonymous city of Almería.

The province has an area of 8,773.06 km2 (3,387.30 sq mi), and a population of 760,964 across its 103 municipalities.
Nord-Est (department)
Nord-Est (French, pronounced [nɔʁɛst] ⓘ) or Nodès (Haitian Creole; both meaning "North East") is one of the ten departments of Haiti, located in northern Haiti. It has an area of 1,623 km2 (627 sq mi), making it the smallest of all the departments. It had an estimated population of 393,967 as of 2015. Its capital is Fort-Liberté. It was a part of the Nord department.

Departments of Haiti
In the administrative divisions of Haiti, the department (French: département d'Haïti, pronounced [depaʁtəmɑ̃ d‿aiti]; Haitian Creole: depatman Ayiti) is the first of four levels of government. Haiti is divided administratively into ten departments, which are further subdivided into 42 arrondissements, 145 communes, and 571 communal sections.

In 2014, there was a proposal by the Chamber of Deputies to increase the number of departments from 10 to 14 —perhaps as high as 16.
2009 National Games of China
The 11th National Games of China were held in various cities in Shandong from October 16 to October 28, 2009. Represented were 33 sports, 43 disciplines and 362 events, including 4 winter sports which were held in Shenyang, Changchun and Qingdao between January and April 2009.

In all, a total of 1241 medals were awarded. The host province of Shandong came first on the medals table with 63 gold, 40 silver and 43 bronze. The games saw the triumphant return from injury for Olympic 110m hurdles champion Liu Xiang. Swimmer Liu Zige also broke the world record in the women's 200 metres butterfly, taking 2 seconds off from the previous record.

The 11th National Games was labelled by some as "China's Olympics", which is reflective of growing significance of the National Games in China.

Politics of Shandong
The politics of Shandong in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China.

The Governor of Shandong is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Shandong. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the Party Secretary of Shandong, colloquially termed the "Shandong CCP Party Chief".