hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Benedikt Fontana
Benedikt Fontana (c. 1450 – 22 May 1499) was a Romansh bailiff and minister who allegedly died a heroic death during the Battle of Calven in 1499, in present-day Grisons, Switzerland.

As a captain in the Three Leagues during the Swabian War, Fontana achieved fame fighting in the Battle of Calven against the Holy Roman Empire.  While troops were under the command of Dietrich Freuler from the Swiss Confederacy, Freuler hesitated during an attack and Fontana is said to have assumed control and fought valiantly while shouting "We are Grisons, today or never!".  Fontana was mortally wounded during the battle but the Swiss troops defeated the Empire's troops despite being outnumbered 2:1.

According to local legend, Fontana's sword was later thrown into the headwaters of a creek in his hometown of Salouf and has never been found.  Fontana remains a legendary figure in Romansh culture to this day, and in 1903 a statue was erected to Fontana in the cantonal capital of Chur.

Romansh people
The Romansh people (also spelled Romansch, Rumantsch, or Romanche; Romansh: rumantschs, rumàntschs, romauntschs or romontschs) are a Romance ethnic group, the speakers of the Romansh language, native to the Swiss canton of Grisons (Graubünden).

The Romansh speaking population is collectively known as Rumantschia in Romansh (alternatively rumantschadad, Vallader: rumantschità, Sursilvan: romontschadad). This term has come to replace the German official legal term of "Gemeinschaft der Bündner Romanen" introduced in 1982.

As of 2017, they make up about 45,000 inhabitants of Switzerland, or 0.85% of its population, and about 30,000 inhabitants of the canton of Grisons (14.7% of its population).
Sinotherium
Sinotherium ("Chinese Beast") is an extinct genus of single-horned elasmotheriine rhinocerotids that lived from the late Miocene (Tortonian - Messinian) to Early Pliocene. It was ancestral to Elasmotherium, demonstrating a very important evolutionary transition from nasal-horned elasmotheriines to frontal-horned elasmotheriines. Its fossils have been found in the Karabulak Formation of Kazakhstan, lower jaw and teeth have been found in Mongolia, and a partial skull is known from the upper part of the Liushu Formation of western China.
Sinotherium diverged from the ancestral genus, Iranotherium, first found in Iran, during the early Pliocene. Some experts prefer to lump Sinotherium, and Iranotherium into Elasmotherium.

Hipparion
Hipparion is an extinct genus of three-toed, medium-sized equine belonging to the extinct tribe Hipparionini, which lived about 10-5 million years ago. While the genus formerly included most hipparionines, the genus is now more narrowly defined as hipparionines from Eurasia spanning the Late Miocene. Hipparion was a mixed-feeder who ate mostly grass, and lived in the savannah biome. Hipparion evolved from Cormohipparion, and went extinct due to environmental changes like cooling climates and decreasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
Solomon Teff
Solomon Teff was a solicitor and the president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews from 1964 to 1967. He was a member of the Hove Hebrew Congregation in Brighton and Hove.

Teff became acting president of the Board of Deputies upon the death of Abraham Moss and was succeeded by Michael Fidler. In 1964, as head of the Board of Deputies he spoke before the Twenty-Sixth Zionist Congress praising British Jews who migrated to Israel.

Teff died in 1979.

Michael Fidler
Michael M. Fidler (10 February 1916 – 5 September 1989) was a British Conservative Party politician.

Educated at Salford Grammar School, Fidler was Member of Parliament (MP) for Bury and Radcliffe from 1970 until the October 1974 general election, when he lost his seat to Labour's Frank White.

In the 1974 election, Fidler was targeted by the neo-Nazi British Movement.

Fidler was also the first Jewish mayor in Prestwich.
Active in the Jewish community for many years, he was president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews from 1967 until 1973. He founded the lobby group Conservative Friends of Israel.
Benhur Abalos
Benjamin "Benhur" de Castro Abalos Jr. (born July 19, 1962) is a Filipino politician, lawyer and racehorse breeder who served as Secretary of the Interior and Local Government from 2022 to 2024 in the Cabinet of President Bongbong Marcos. He served as chairman of the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) in the Duterte administration from 2021 to 2022. In his hometown of Mandaluyong, he previously served as mayor (1998–2004 and 2007–2016), representative (2004–2007), and councilor (1995–1998). His father and namesake, Benjamin Abalos, is a former Commission on Elections (COMELEC) chairman, and like Benhur, also served as mayor of Mandaluyong and MMDA chairman.

Chairperson of the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
The chairperson of the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority is the chief executive officer of the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) and the presiding officer of the Metro Manila Council.
Chiquimula Department
Chiquimula is one of the 22 departments of Guatemala, in Central America. The departmental capital is also called Chiquimula. The department was established by decree in 1871, and forms a part of the southeastern region of Guatemala. Physically, it is mountainous, with a climate that varies between tropical and temperate, depending on the location.

Departments of Guatemala
The Republic of Guatemala is divided into 22 departments (Spanish: departamentos)
which in turn are divided into 340 municipalities. The departments are governed by a departmental governor, appointed by the President.

In addition, Guatemala has claimed that all or part of the nation of Belize is a department of Guatemala, and this claim is sometimes reflected in maps of the region. Guatemala formally recognized Belize in 1991, but the border disputes between the two nations have not been resolved.
Legio I Iovia
Legio I Iovia (lit. First Legion "Jovian", "devoted to Jupiter") was a Roman legion, levied by Emperor Diocletian (284–305), possibly together with II Herculia, to guard the newly created province of Scythia Minor. The cognomen of this legion came from Diocletian's attribute Iovianus, "similar to Jupiter". It was based at Noviodunum ad Istrum. According to Notitia Dignitatum, at the beginning of the 5th century I Iovia was still in its camp on the Danube. The legion may have even survived the fall of Rome and continued to serve the Byzantine empire.

Roman legion
The Roman legion (Latin: legiō, Latin: [ˈɫɛɡioː]) was the largest military unit of the Roman army, composed of Roman citizens serving as legionaries. During the Roman Republic the manipular legion comprised 4,200 infantry and 300 cavalry. In late Republican times the legions were formed of 5,200 men and were restructured around 10 cohorts, the first cohort being double strength. This structure persisted throughout the Principate and middle Empire, before further changes in the fourth century resulted in new formations of around 1,000 men.
Colin de Verdière graph invariant
Colin de Verdière's invariant is a graph parameter  for any graph G, introduced by Yves Colin de Verdière in 1990. It was motivated by the study of the maximum multiplicity of the second eigenvalue of certain Schrödinger operators.

Robin Thomas (mathematician)
Robin Thomas (August 22, 1962 – March 26, 2020) was a mathematician working in graph theory at the Georgia Institute of Technology.

Thomas received his doctorate in 1985 from Charles University in Prague, Czechoslovakia (now the Czech Republic), under the supervision of Jaroslav Nešetřil. He joined the faculty at Georgia Tech in 1989, and became a Regents' Professor there,
briefly serving as the department Chair.
Cofinal (mathematics)
In mathematics, a subset  of a preordered set  is said to be cofinal or frequent in  if for every  it is possible to find an element  in  that dominates  (formally, ).

Cofinal subsets are very important in the theory of directed sets and nets, where “cofinal subnet” is the appropriate generalization of "subsequence".  They are also important in order theory, including the theory of cardinal numbers, where the minimum possible cardinality of a cofinal subset of  is referred to as the cofinality of

Order theory
Order theory is a branch of mathematics that investigates the intuitive notion of order using binary relations. It provides a formal framework for describing statements such as "this is less than that" or "this precedes that".
24th Independent Mixed Brigade (Imperial Japanese Army)
The Imperial Japanese Army 24th Independent Mixed Brigade was an Independent Mixed Brigade formed in 1942. It was assigned to the Japanese Eighth Area Army, but stayed in reserve and did not participated in the New Guinea Campaign. The brigade was transferred to Japanese Burma Area Army in 1944. The unit was staying in Western Burma and engaged in the Siege of Myitkyina during the Burma Campaign 1944–45.

Burma Area Army
The Burma Area Army (緬甸方面軍, Biruma hōmen gun) was one of fifteen area armies (equivalent to field armies in western militaries) of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) during World War II that specialized in banzai charge, combined arms, jungle warfare, and maneuver warfare.
Fossalto
Fossalto is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Campobasso.

Fossalto borders the following municipalities: Castropignano, Limosano, Pietracupa, Salcito, Sant'Angelo Limosano, Torella del Sannio.

Castropignano
Castropignano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) northwest of Campobasso.

It is home to a medieval castle, the Castello d'Evoli, built in the mid-fourteenth century, perhaps over the remains of a Samnite fortress.
Energy and Utilities Board
The Energy and Utilities Board (EUB) was the governing body of the energy industry in the province of Alberta, Canada. Previously known as the Alberta Energy and Utilities Board (AEUB), the EUB was reorganized on 1 January 2008 into two separate regulatory bodies: the Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB), which regulates the oil and gas industry (later reorganized as Alberta Energy Regulator), and the Alberta Utilities Commission (AUC), which regulates the utilities industry.

Alberta Energy Regulator
The Alberta Energy Regulator (AER) is a quasi-judicial, independent agency regulating the development of energy resources in Alberta. Headquartered in Calgary, the AER's mandate under the Responsible Energy Development Act (REDA) is "to provide for the efficient, safe, orderly and environmentally responsible development of energy resources and mineral resources in Alberta.”

Responsible for all projects from application to reclamation, the AER administers the Public Lands Act, the Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act and the Water Act.

The AER operates at arm's length from the Government of Alberta, under an appointed board of directors.
2023 Tour de Romandie
The 2023 Tour de Romandie was a road cycling stage race held between 25 and 30 April 2023 in Romandy, the French-speaking part of western Switzerland. It was the 76th edition of the Tour de Romandie and the 20th race of the 2023 UCI World Tour.

2023 UCI World Tour
The 2023 UCI World Tour was a series of races that include thirty-five road cycling events throughout the 2023 cycling season. The tour started with the Tour Down Under on 17 January, and concluded with the Tour of Guangxi on 17 October.
The Return of Casey Jones
The Return of Casey Jones is a 1933 American Pre-Code action adventure film directed by John P. McCarthy, written by Harry L. Fraser and starring Charles Starrett and Ruth Hall. The film is based on the story of the same name by John Johns, published in the April 1933 issue of Railroad Stories magazine (reprinted in 2019 by Bold Venture Press in their Railroad Stories reprint collection). The film was a Monogram Pictures Corporation production.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Small Veblen ordinal
In mathematics,  the small Veblen ordinal is a certain large countable ordinal, named after Oswald Veblen. It is occasionally called the Ackermann ordinal, though the Ackermann ordinal described by Ackermann (1951) is somewhat smaller than the small Veblen ordinal.

There is no standard notation for ordinals beyond the Feferman–Schütte ordinal . Most systems of notation use symbols such as , , , some of which are modifications of the Veblen functions to produce countable ordinals even for uncountable arguments, and some of which are "collapsing functions".

The small Veblen ordinal  or  is the limit of ordinals that can be described using a version of Veblen functions with finitely many arguments.   It is the ordinal that measures the strength of Kruskal's theorem.  It is also the ordinal type of a certain ordering of rooted trees (Jervell 2005).

Feferman–Schütte ordinal
In mathematics, the Feferman–Schütte ordinal (Γ0) is a large countable ordinal.
It is the proof-theoretic ordinal of several mathematical theories, such as arithmetical transfinite recursion.
It is named after Solomon Feferman and Kurt Schütte, the former of whom suggested the name Γ0.

There is no standard notation for ordinals beyond the Feferman–Schütte ordinal. There are several ways of representing the Feferman–Schütte ordinal, some of which use ordinal collapsing functions: , , , or .
SV Dalfsen Handbal
SV Dalfsen is a handball club from Dalfsen, Netherlands. From the season 2007–08 up till the season 2017–18 they competed in the eredivisie. In this period they became national champions 6 times. Just before the start of season  2018–19 they withdrew from the eredivisie They currently compete in the hoofdklasse.

Dalfsen
Dalfsen (Dutch: [ˈdɑl(ə)fsə(n)] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Dalsen) is a municipality and a town in the Salland region of the Dutch province of Overijssel. On 1 January 2001, the municipalities of Nieuwleusen and Dalfsen were merged. A variety of Sallands is spoken here by segment of the population.
Die Ärzte (2002 album)
Die Ärzte (also stylized die ärzte; Japanese: ディ・エルツテ) is a best-of compilation by German rock band Die Ärzte, released exclusively in Japan in 2002. The band also had previously released a studio album titled Die Ärzte in 1986.

Le Frisur
Le Frisur ("Le hairdo", using the female German noun with the male French article) is a concept album by German rock band Die Ärzte. It was released on 24 May 1996, and is entirely about hair. Originally intended as an EP, Le Frisur developed into a full-length album within the 14 days of its recording process.
East Devon National Landscape
East Devon National Landscape covers over 100 square miles (260 km2) of the East Devon countryside (England).

This countryside includes eighteen miles (29 km) of Heritage coastline. The designated area covers: twenty-nine parishes and borders the coastal towns of Exmouth, Seaton and Sidmouth but includes the entire resort of Budleigh Salterton.

East Devon has two AONBs within its catchment area which includes the Blackdown Hills (designated 1991) and East Devon AONB (designated 1963), both AONBs make up over 66% of the district.

East Devon AONB Partnership is a joint initiative funded by Defra (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), East Devon District Council and Devon County Council. Through ventures such as community projects and project grants East Devon AONB Partnership helps to conserve and manage the East Devon AONB.

Budleigh Salterton
Budleigh Salterton is a seaside town on the coast in East Devon, England, 15 miles (24 km) south-east of Exeter. It lies within the East Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and forms much of the electoral ward of Budleigh, whose ward population at the 2021 census was 7,671.
Rick Sloan
Rick Sloan (born November 10, 1946) is an American decathlete and coach. He competed in the men's decathlon at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. There, he placed first in the individual high jump and pole vault events and ultimately finished seventh.

Prior competing in the Olympics, Sloan was an All-American athlete for the UCLA Bruins track and field team, finishing sixth in the high jump at the 1967 NCAA University Division outdoor track and field championships and fourth in the pole vault at the 1967 NCAA University Division outdoor track and field championships.

Following his competitive career, Sloan entered coaching, serving as head coach of track and field at Washington State University from 1994 to 2014. Since 2016, he has served as the MPSF Indoor Track & Field Head of Officials. Sloan also served as the longtime personal coach for Olympic gold medalist Dan O'Brien.

1967 NCAA University Division outdoor track and field championships
The 1967 NCAA University Division Outdoor Track and Field Championships were contested June 15−17 at the 45th annual NCAA-sanctioned track meet to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate University Division outdoor track and field events in the United States.

This year's outdoor meet was hosted by Brigham Young University at Cougar Stadium in Provo, Utah. The approximate  elevation of the track was 4,660 feet (1,420 m) above sea level. The championships returned eight years later in 1975; the track was removed from the stadium in 1982.

The USC Trojans of the AAWU (Pacific-8 Conference) finished first in the team standings, capturing their twenty-fourth national title, followed by conference rivals Oregon and UCLA.
John Irving (Royal Navy officer)
John Irving (8 February 1815 – c. 1848) was a British officer in the Royal Navy and polar explorer. He served under Francis Crozier as Third Lieutenant on the ship HMS Terror during the 1845 Franklin Expedition which sought to discover and chart as-yet unexplored parts of the Canadian Arctic, including the Northwest Passage, and make scientific observations. All personnel of the expedition, including Irving, perished in and around King William Island in what is now Nunavut, Canada. Irving is one of the few men whose remains have been supposedly identified and re-interred in Britain.

HMS Terror (1813)
HMS Terror was a specialised warship and a newly developed bomb vessel constructed for the Royal Navy in 1813. She participated in several battles of the War of 1812, including the Battle of Baltimore with the bombardment of Fort McHenry. She was converted into a polar exploration ship two decades later, and participated in George Back's Arctic expedition of 1836–1837, the successful Ross expedition to the Antarctic of 1839 to 1843, and Sir John Franklin's ill-fated attempt to force the Northwest Passage in 1845, during which she was lost with all hands along with HMS Erebus.

On 12 September 2016, the Arctic Research Foundation announced that the wreck of Terror had been found in Nunavut's Terror Bay, off the southwest coast of King William Island. The wreck was discovered 92 km (57 mi) south of the location where the ship was reported abandoned, and some 50 km (31 mi) from the wreck of HMS Erebus, discovered in September 2014.
Poush Maser Pirit
Poush Maser Pirit (Love of Winter) is a Bengali romantic drama film directed by Nargis Akhter based on Narendranath Mitra's short story Rosh. This film was released on 2 September 2016 under the banner of Femcom Bangladesh in Bangladesh. In 1973, a Bollywood film Saudagar was made by Sudhendu Roy, based on the same story.

Saudagar (1973 film)
Saudagar (transl. Trader) is a 1973 Bollywood drama film, directed by Sudhendu Roy and based on the Bengali story, Ras, by Narendranath Mitra. It stars Nutan as Mahzubeen and Amitabh Bachchan as Moti, in the leading roles. It also featured Trilok Kapoor, and Padma Khanna as Phoolbanu. Murad, Leela Mishra as (Badi Bhi), Dev Kishan, Jugnu and V. Gopal are also featured in the film. Though the film didn't do well commercially, it was selected as the Indian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 46th Academy Awards, but didn't receive a nomination.
Baurutitan
Baurutitan is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous in what is now Brazil. The type species, Baurutitan britoi, was described in 2005 by Kellner and colleagues, although the fossil remains had already been discovered in 1957. Baurutitan is classified as a lithostrotian titanosaur, and is distinguished from related genera based on its distinctive caudal vertebrae. This South American dinosaur was found in the Serra da Galga Formation near Uberaba, in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais.

Titanosauria
Titanosaurs (or titanosaurians; members of the group Titanosauria) were a diverse group of sauropod dinosaurs, including genera from every continent. The titanosaurs were the last surviving group of long-necked sauropods, with taxa still thriving at the time of the extinction event at the end of the Cretaceous. This group includes some of the largest land animals known to have ever existed, such as Patagotitan, estimated at 37 m (121 ft) long with a mass of 69 tonnes (76 tons), and the comparably-sized Argentinosaurus and Puertasaurus from the same region.

The group's name alludes to the mythological Titans of ancient Greek mythology, via the type genus (now considered a nomen dubium) Titanosaurus. Together with the brachiosaurids and relatives, titanosaurs make up the larger sauropod clade Titanosauriformes. Titanosaurs have long been a poorly-known group, and the relationships between titanosaur species are still not well-understood.
Circassian nationalism
Circassian nationalism is the desire among Circassians worldwide to preserve their heritage and culture, save their language from extinction, raise awareness about the Circassian genocide, return to Circassia and establish a completely autonomous or independent Circassian state in its pre-Russian invasion borders.

In almost every community of Circassians around the world, a local advisory council called the "Adyghe Khase" can be found. The goal of such councils are to provide Circassians with a comfortable place where they can speak Circassian, engage in Circassian cultural activities, learn about the laws of Adyghe Xabze or seek advice. These advisory councils are coordinated on a local and regional basis, and communicate internationally through the International Circassian Association (ICA).

Abkhazians
The Abkhaz people, sometimes referred to as the Abkhazians, are a Northwest Caucasian ethnic group native to Abkhazia—a disputed region on the northeastern coast of the Black Sea. A large Abkhaz diaspora population resides in Turkey, the origins of which lie in the Caucasian War in the late 19th century. Many Abkhaz also live in other parts of the former Soviet Union, particularly in Russia and Ukraine.