hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grave candle
A grave candle, grave lantern, death candle or death lantern is a type of candle or lantern, which is lit in memory of the dead or to commemorate solemn events. The form of a lantern is commonly used in Christianity, whereas candles are more common in Judaism (where they are known as the Yahrzeit candle).

The tradition has been adopted by Christianity from the earlier pagan tradition.

The grave lanterns, known as znicz, are a common tradition in Poland.

Lantern
A lantern is a source of lighting, often portable. It typically features a protective enclosure for the light source – historically usually a candle, a wick in oil, or a heated mesh, and often a battery-powered light in modern times – to make it easier to carry and hang up, and make it more reliable outdoors or in drafty interiors. Lanterns may also be used for signaling, as torches, or as general light-sources outdoors.
1985 Brussels NATO summit
The 1985 Brussels summit was the 7th NATO summit bringing the leaders of member nations together at the same time.  The formal sessions and informal meetings in Brussels, Belgium took place on 21 November 1985. This event was only the eighth meeting of the NATO heads of state following the ceremonial signing of the North Atlantic Treaty on 4 April 1949. Lord Carrington was Secretary General of NATO at the time, and he chaired the meeting.

NATO summit
A NATO summit  is a summit meeting that is regarded as a periodic opportunity for heads of state and heads of government of NATO member countries to evaluate and provide strategic direction for Alliance activities.

NATO summits are not regular meetings like the more frequent NATO ministerial meetings, but rather are important junctures in the alliance's decision-making process on the highest level. Summits are often used to introduce new policy, invite new members into the alliance, launch major new initiatives, and build partnerships with non-NATO countries.
Junction box
An electrical junction box (also known as a "jbox") is an enclosure housing electrical connections. Junction boxes protect the electrical connections from the weather, also playing a crucial role in protecting people from accidental electric shocks.

Circuit integrity
Circuit integrity describes the extent of a fire's effect on an electrical circuit's operation. It is a form of fire-resistance rating. Circuit integrity is achieved via passive fire protection means, which are subject to listing and approval use and compliance. Alternatively, cable construction and materials can achieve fire-resistance ratings on their own such as mineral-insulated copper-clad cable, or MI cable.
Fifth government of Francisco Franco
The fifth government of Francisco Franco was formed on 25 February 1957. It succeeded the fourth Franco government and was the government of Spain from 25 February 1957 to 11 July 1962, a total of 1,962 days, or 5 years, 4 months and 16 days.

Franco's fifth cabinet was made up of members from the different factions or "families" within the National Movement: mainly the FET y de las JONS party—the only legal political party during the Francoist regime—the military, the National Catholic Association of Propagandists (ACNP) and a number of aligned-nonpartisan figures from the civil service; however for the first time, the cabinet would see the incorporation of several technocratic ministers from the Opus Dei. The new government saw the establishment for the first time of a Ministry of Housing.

Movimiento Nacional
The Movimiento Nacional (English: National Movement), or simply the Movimiento (English: Movement), was the self-designation of the FET y de las JONS (Falange), the ruling party of Francoist Spain, the bureaucratic structures of the Falange, and in the general sense of the whole Francoist regime. It was an ambigious term which in essence denoted a nominal "body to which one had to adhere" in order to participate in the official politics of the regime. It followed a doctrine of corporatism in which only so-called "natural entities" could express themselves. It was abolished in 1977.
Paul Green (rugby league)
Paul Gregory Green (12 September 1972 – 11 August 2022) was an Australian professional rugby league football coach, best known for taking the North Queensland Cowboys to the NRL premiership in 2015, and a professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s.

He played for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks, North Queensland Cowboys, Sydney Roosters, Parramatta Eels and the Brisbane Broncos, winning the Rothmans Medal in 1995. He was a Queensland State of Origin and Australian international representative halfback. As a coach, Green guided the North Queensland club to their first premiership in 2015 and to another grand final two years later.

NRL Nines
The NRL Nines  is a rugby league nines competition, normally held during the NRL preseason each year. It was initially held in Auckland, New Zealand, between 2014 and 2017 before going on hiatus.

Returning in 2020, hosting duties moved to Perth, Western Australia, before being cancelled in 2021. The series has not returned since.
Fourth Allied Tactical Air Force
Fourth Allied Tactical Air Force (4 ATAF) was a NATO military formation under Allied Air Forces Central Europe tasked with providing air support to NATO's Central Army Group (CENTAG) in the southern portion of West Germany. 4 ATAF commanded all flying units based within its sector and all reinforcements flying into its sector, as well as ground-based radar systems and stations, air defense units and the airfields in its sector.

Büchel Air Base
Büchel Air Base is a military air base of the Luftwaffe in Büchel (Germany), near the city of Cochem and at about 70 km from Spangdahlem Air Base. It is home to the Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 33 (Tactical Air Force Wing 33; abbreviated as: TaktLwG 33) (formerly Jagdbombergeschwader 33 or Fighter Bomber Wing 33) of the German Air Force (Luftwaffe) and the 702 Munitions Support Squadron (702 MUNSS) of the United States Air Force (USAF). Since 1985, tactical Air Force Wing 33 has been operating German Panavia Tornado airplanes, which can deliver twenty B61 nuclear bombs, the only remaining nuclear weapons in Germany.
As of 2023, Büchel was one of six active air bases in five European countries with B61 nuclear bombs in underground WS3 Weapon Storage and Security System inside aircraft shelters, per nuclear sharing.
Since 1996 there have been annual protests and over one hundred activists have been sentenced for nonviolent protest.
Dassault Falcon 6X
The Dassault Falcon 6X is a large, long-range business jet developed by Dassault Aviation in France.
Its precursor, the Falcon 5X twinjet, was launched in 2013, rolled-out in 2015 and made its first flight on July 5, 2017, but its development was frozen as its Safran Silvercrest engine failed to meet performance objectives.
In December 2017, the Falcon 6X was launched as a stretched version with PW812D turbofans, made its first flight on 10 March 2021, and entered service on 30 November 2023.

It has the widest purpose-built business jet cabin at 2.58 m (102 in). Its 70.7 m2 (761 ft2) wing allows a 35,135 kg (77,459 lb) maximum weight with 59.9 kN (13,460 lbf) engines, for a 5,500 nmi (10,200 km) range and a Mach 0.90 top speed.

Type certificate
A type certificate signifies the airworthiness of a particular category of aircraft, according to its manufacturing design (type design). Certification confirms that the aircraft of a new type intended for serial production is in compliance with applicable airworthiness requirements established by the national air law.

For up to three seats, primary category aircraft certification costs around US$1 million, US$25 million for a general aviation aircraft and hundreds of millions of dollars for a commercial aircraft; certification delays can cost millions of dollars and can decide a program's profitability.
Modiúit
Modiúit (fl. 6th century) was an early successor of Saint Kerrill, Bishop of the kingdom of Soghain in what is now County Galway.

Modiúit established a church at what is now Killamude, in the parish of Ballymacward. Killamude derives from Cill Modiúit ('the church of Modiúit'). Its foundations can still be seen in the townland of Killamude West. His feast day was celebrated on  February 12, and is listed as such in the Martyrology of Tallaght and the Félire Óengusso. His diocese is thought to have been the extent of the Soghain kingdom.

Kerrill
Saint Kerrill aka Caireall mac Curnain was a Christian missionary in what is now east County Galway, alive in the mid-to-late 5th century.

His feast day is June 13th. To celebrate the parishioners walk four miles from St Michael’s Church, Gurteen to St Kerrill’s holy well, stopping five times to plant crosses and pray, as Kerrill himself did. The water from the well is said to protect homes from lightning. This tradition was televised by RTÉ in 2004.
Karisi
Karisi is the name given by the Nyanga people (of the African Great Lakes) to oral poems of epic length. It is one of a number of oral genres recognized by the Nyanga; the best known karisi is the Mwindo epic, sometimes called the national epic of the Nyanga.

Like similar genres from nearby cultures, the karisi has an anthropomorphic hero at the center, and the performance is intricate and complex, involving many characters interacting with the central character, and involves "dancing, singing, chanting, costuming ..., playing musical instruments, mimicry, screaming, praise giving, gift giving, and food and beverage distributions". The origins of the genre may lie among a religious rite linked to the Pygmy peoples.

Mwindo epic
The Mwindo epic is an oral tale from the Congo told by the Nyanga people. The origins and creation of the Mwindo epic are mostly unknown since the story is only passed down orally. A version of the story was recorded by Kahombo Mateene and Daniel Biebuyck and published in 1969.
Diana Ivanova
Diana Ivanova (Bulgarian Диана Иванова; born in Montana, Bulgaria) is a Bulgarian journalist, author and documentary filmmaker. In her professional work she is interested in intercultural dialogue between people in Bulgaria and other countries, preferably Germany. As cultural manager and curator, she is committed to international understanding and cultural exchange and organizes every year in northwestern Bulgaria an international cultural festival. As a group analyst in Sofia and Bonn she deals with traumas that have been suffered due to the political situation in both countries in the time before the political change in Europe - in Germany primarily by citizens of the GDR.

Committee for State Security (Bulgaria)
State Security (Държавна сигурност, Darzhavna sigurnost; abbreviated ДС, DS) was the name of the Bulgarian secret service under the People's Republic of Bulgaria during the Cold War, until 1989. State Security was closely allied with its Soviet counterpart, the KGB.
Samaikyandhra Movement
Samaikya Andhra Movement (United Andhra Movement) was a movement organized to keep the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh united, and to prevent the division of the state - separating the Telangana districts of the state into a separate Telangana state. 
The movement was supported by government employees, advocates in Coastal Andhra & Rayalaseema regions along with students from 14 universities, various occupational, caste & religious groups of Coastal Andhra & Rayalaseema regions. The last set of protests were triggered after the Congress Working Committee decision to divide the state came to an end after President of India gave nod to Telangana Bill which would make the latter to come into existence from 2 June 2014.

Digvijaya Singh
Digvijaya Singh (born 28 February 1947) is an Indian politician and a  Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha since 2014. He is a senior leader of the Indian National Congress and ex-general secretary of the Indian National Congress's All India Congress Committee. Previously, he had served as the 14th and 15th Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh, a central Indian state, in two terms from 1993 to 1998 and from 1998 to 2003. Prior to that he was a minister in Chief Minister Arjun Singh's cabinet between 1980 and 1984. In the 2019 Indian general election he was defeated by Pragya Singh Thakur for the Bhopal Lok Sabha seat.

Singh was appointed as a member of Empowered Action Group of Leaders and Experts (EAGLE) which was constituted by Indian National Congress on 2 February 2025 to monitor the conduct of free and fair elections by the Election Commission of India.
Cundinup, Western Australia
Cundinup is a rural locality of the Shire of Nannup in the South West region of Western Australia. A small section in the far east of the locality is located in the Shire of Donnybrook–Balingup. The western boundary of the locality is formed by the Vasse Highway while, in the east, the border runs along the Blackwood River in places. Much of the locality is covered by state forest.

It is located on the traditional land of the Noongar nation.

Shire of Nannup
The Shire of Nannup is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia, approximately 280 kilometres (174 mi) south of the state capital, Perth and 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of the coastal resort town of Busselton. Its seat of government is the town of Nannup, where about half of the Shire's population reside.

The Shire has a land area of 2,935 square kilometres (1,133 sq mi), about 85% of which is covered in hardwood jarrah, karri and marri forests, while the southern coastline is mostly within the D'Entrecasteaux National Park.
23131 Debenedictis
23131 Debenedictis (provisional designation 2000 AS128) is a bright background asteroid from the inner region of the asteroid belt, approximately 4 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 January 2000, by astronomers of the LINEAR program at the Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site near Socorro, New Mexico, United States. The asteroid was named for 2007-ISEF awardee Erika Alden DeBenedictis.

Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research
The Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) project is a collaboration of the United States Air Force, NASA, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory for the systematic detection and tracking of near-Earth objects. LINEAR was responsible for the majority of asteroid discoveries from 1998 until it was overtaken by the Catalina Sky Survey in 2005. As of 15 September 2011, LINEAR had detected 231,082 new small Solar System bodies, of which at least 2,423 were near-Earth asteroids and 279 were comets. The instruments used by the LINEAR program are located at Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site (ETS) on the White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) near Socorro, New Mexico.
Elizeus Burgess
Elizeus Burgess (1595–1652) was an English Anglican priest.

Burgess was educated at the St John's College, Oxford. He was Rector appointed of Cuxton in 1625; Archdeacon of Rochester in 1621; Canon of Ely in 1630; Vicar of St. Nicholas, Rochester in 1628; and Rector of Southfleet the same year.

Archdeacon of Rochester
The archdeacon of Rochester is a senior office-holder in the Diocese of Rochester, a division of the Church of England Province of Canterbury. Like other archdeacons, they are administrators in the diocese at large (having oversight of parishes in roughly one-third of the diocese).
Nesheim Church
Nesheim Church (Norwegian: Nesheim kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vaksdal Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Nesheim. It is the church for the Nesheim parish which is part of the Hardanger og Voss prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1908 using plans drawn up by the architect Adolf Schirmer (one source credits Hartvig Sverdrup Eckhoff). The church seats about 120 people.

Vaksdal Municipality
Vaksdalⓘ is a municipality in the county of Vestland, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Nordhordland. The administrative centre is the village of Dalekvam. Other villages in the municipality include Dalegarden, Flatkvål, Helle, Nesheim, Stamneshella, Stanghelle, and Vaksdal.

The 715.37-square-kilometre (276.21 sq mi) municipality is the 160th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vaksdal Municipality is the 209th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,875. The municipality's population density is 5.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (14/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 7% over the previous 10-year period.
Meyer Wolfe
Meyer R. Wolfe (September 10, 1897– 1985), also known as Mike Wolfe, was an American painter, lithographer and sculptor. His best work is representative of a school of regional realism that arose in the 1930s as a response to European Modernism.

Wolfe was born in Louisville, Kentucky, and grew up in Nashville, Tennessee. After studies in Chicago at the Academy of Fine Arts and at the Art Students League of New York under John French Sloan, he went to Paris to train under Pierre Lauren at the Académie Julian.

His 1934 lithograph Red Eye's Hall is featured at the Library of Congress. His works Mooney's Place,  Women Bathing, and Brother Matthew Preaching are held at the Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Wolfe was the husband of the photographer Louise Dahl-Wolfe. He assisted Dahl-Wolfe in her photographic career, painting backgrounds for her sittings and helping when business problems arose.

John Sloan
John French Sloan (August 2, 1871 – September 7, 1951) was an American painter and etcher.  He is considered to be one of the founders of the Ashcan school of American art. He was also a member of the group known as The Eight. He is best known for his urban genre scenes and ability to capture the essence of neighborhood life in New York City, often observed through his Chelsea studio window. Sloan has been called the premier artist of the Ashcan School, and also a realist painter who embraced the principles of Socialism, though he himself disassociated his art from his politics.
Rank 3 permutation group
In mathematical finite group theory, a rank 3 permutation group acts transitively on a set such that the stabilizer of a point has 3 orbits. The study of these groups was started by Higman (1964, 1971). Several of the sporadic simple groups were discovered as rank 3 permutation groups.

Finite group
In abstract algebra, a finite group is a group whose underlying set is finite.  Finite groups often arise when considering symmetry of mathematical or physical objects, when those objects admit just a finite number of structure-preserving transformations.  Important examples of finite groups include cyclic groups and permutation groups.

The study of finite groups has been an integral part of group theory since it arose in the 19th century.  One major area of study has been classification: the classification of finite simple groups (those with no nontrivial normal subgroup) was completed in 2004.
Victorian Railways No.100 (1872)
The Victorian Railways No. 100 was the first government built steam locomotive on Victorian Railways. It was a 2-4-0 passenger locomotive operated by the Victorian Railways between 1872 and 1916, built by Williamstown Workshops.

2-4-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-4-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles and no trailing wheels. In most of North America it became known as a Porter.

The notation 2-4-0T indicates a tank locomotive of this wheel arrangement, on which its water and fuel is carried on board the engine itself, rather than in an attached tender. A subset is 2-4-0WT, a configuration in which the water is under the bolier in a well tank.
Heptapleurum
Heptapleurum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araliaceae, the ivy or ginseng family.  These plants are native to Southeast Asia: Malesia, Papuasia, southern China, Vietnam, the Indian Subcontinent, Tibet, Hainan, Taiwan, Japan, and Australia. The genus was phylogenetically resurrected from the genus Schefflera in 2020. It is the largest genus of Araliaceae with 321 accepted species as of November 2025.

Heptapleurum includes species commonly grown as houseplants or garden ornamentals (such as Heptapleurum arboricola).  Some species are threatened, endangered, or critically endangered by deforestative habitat loss and extreme endemism, such as Heptapleurum acuminatissimum, which is known only from a single location with an estimated extent of occurrence of only 4 km2 (1.5 sq mi).

They are commonly scrambling subshrubs to small trees, with many epiphytic and vining members.

Heptapleurum acuminatissimum
Heptapleurum acuminatissimum is a flowering plant in the family Araliaceae. It is endemic to the Philippines, where it is known only from Bataan Province on the island of Luzon. It is a small scandent tree which grows in lowland rain forest at 700 meters elevation. It is known from a single location, and has an estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO) of only 4 km2.
Daaden
Daaden (German pronunciation: [ˈdaːdn̩]) is a town in the district of Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated in the Westerwald, approx. 15 km south-west of Siegen.

Daaden is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Daaden-Herdorf.

Altenkirchen (district)
Altenkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˌaltn̩ˈkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ) is a district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the North Rhine-Westphalian districts Rhein-Sieg, Oberbergischer Kreis, Olpe and Siegen-Wittgenstein, and the districts of Westerwaldkreis and Neuwied.
Richard Anthony Salisbury
Richard Anthony Salisbury FRS (born Richard Anthony Markham; 2 May 1761 – 23 March 1829) was a British botanist. While he carried out valuable work in horticultural and botanical sciences, several bitter disputes caused him to be ostracised by his contemporaries.

Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature collections, and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology. The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes.

A product of the 18th-century enlightenment, the society is the oldest extant biological society in the world and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution by natural selection on 1 July 1858.

The patron of the society is Anne, Princess Royal. Vice-patrons include: Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (both have active interests in natural history), and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.
Gmina Sienno
Gmina Sienno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Lipsko County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Sienno, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south-west of Lipsko and 130 km (81 mi) south of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 147.15 square kilometres (56.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,377.

Lipsko County
Lipsko County (Polish: powiat lipski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is Lipsko, which lies 127 kilometres (79 mi) south of Warsaw. The only other town in this county is Solec nad Wisłą.

The county covers an area of 747.58 square kilometres (288.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 34,028, out of which the population of Lipsko is 5,501 and the rural population is 28,527.