hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
IC 1101
IC 1101 is a class S0 supergiant (cD) lenticular galaxy at the center of the Abell 2029 galaxy cluster. It has an isophotal diameter at about 123.65 to 169.61 kiloparsecs (400,000 to 550,000 light-years). It possesses a diffuse core which is the largest core of any galaxy known to date, and contains a supermassive black hole, one of the largest discovered.

IC 1101 is located at 354.0 megaparsecs (1.15 billion light-years) from Earth. It was discovered on 19 June 1790, by the German-British astronomer William Herschel.

ESO 306-17
ESO 306-17 is a fossil group giant elliptical galaxy in the Columba constellation, about 1.07 million light-years in diameter, and roughly 517 million light-years away.

The galaxy is situated alone in a volume of space about it. It is theorized that the galaxy cannibalized its nearest companions, hence, being a fossil group. The galaxy is a giant elliptical of type cD3 (E+3), one of the largest types of galaxies.
2018 Israeli Basketball League Cup
The 2018 Israeli Basketball League Cup, for sponsorships reasons the Winner League Cup, is the 13th edition of the pre-season tournament of the Israeli Basketball Premier League.

On October 4, 2018, Maccabi Rishon LeZion won the title for the first time after a 78–66 win over Hapoel Be'er Sheva in the Final. Cameron Long was named tournament MVP.

Israeli Basketball League Cup
The Israeli Basketball League Cup is a pre-season professional basketball tournament that is contested between clubs. It has been held in Israel since 2006. It is held during the week before the start of the Israeli Premier League season.  The Israeli League Cup tournament is currently sponsored by Pais Lotto, and therefore it is officially known as the Chance Cup. Previously, the tournament was sponsored by the Toto Winner Organization, and it was known as the Winner Cup, from 2006 to 2009. In 2010, it had no sponsor, and therefore the tournament was named Basketball League Cup.
Ankaran
Ankaran (Slovene pronunciation: [aŋkaˈɾáːn]; Italian: Ancarano) is a town in the Municipality of Ankaran, located near the border with Italy, in the Littoral region of Slovenia. It is less than 5 km from the Italian town of Muggia near Trieste, about 2.5 km from the Italian-Slovenian border, 6.5 km from Koper, and 33 km from the nearest Croatian town, Buje. In the entire municipality both Slovenian and Italian are official languages.

Istria
Istria (/ˈɪstriə/ IST-ree-ə; Croatian and Slovene: Istra; Italian and Venetian: Istria; Istriot: Eîstria; Istro-Romanian: Istria; Latin: Histria; Ancient Greek: Ἱστρία) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. Located at the top of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Kvarner Gulf, the peninsula is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy, 90% of its area being part of Croatia. Most of Croatian Istria is part of Istria County.
Grimstead
Grimstead is a civil parish on the River Dun in Wiltshire, England, to the south-east of Salisbury. Its settlements are the villages of East Grimstead and West Grimstead. The 2011 census recorded a parish population of 534.

East Grimstead and West Grimstead each have an ecclesiastical parish with a parish church, dedicated to Holy Trinity and St John respectively. Today both are within the area of the Clarendon benefice, a group of nine rural parishes.

The first tier of local government is Grimstead Parish Council. The parish is in the area of Wiltshire Council unitary authority, which performs all significant local government functions. For parliamentary purposes, the parish falls within the Salisbury constituency.

Salisbury
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bər-ee, locally /ˈsɔːzbəri/ SAWZ-bər-ee) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum. A new cathedral was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum. This continued to be its official name until 2009, when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Line and the Wessex Main Line.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.
Flag of the Church in Wales
The flag used to represent the Church in Wales, known officially as the Flag of the Church in Wales consists of a blue cross on a white background with a gold celtic cross in the centre. It was adopted in 1954 by the Governing Body of the Church in Wales.

Governing Body of the Church in Wales
The Governing Body of the Church in Wales is the deliberative and legislative body of the Church in Wales, broadly speaking equivalent to the General Synod of the Church of England. The Governing Body usually meets twice each year to receive reports, discuss issues concerning the church and make decisions on matters brought before it.
Wallack's Theatre
Three New York City playhouses named Wallack's Theatre played an important part in the history of American theater as the successive homes of the stock company managed by actors James W. Wallack and his son, Lester Wallack. During its 35-year lifetime, from 1852 to 1887, that company developed and held a reputation as the best theater company in the country.

Each theater operated under other names and managers after (and in one case before) the Wallack company's tenure. All three are demolished.

Charles James Mathews
Charles James Mathews (26 December 1803 – 24 June 1878) was a British actor. He was one of the few British actors to be successful in French-speaking roles in France.  A son of the actor Charles Mathews, he achieved a greater reputation than his father in the same profession and also excelled at light comedy. He toured three times in the United States, and met and married his second wife there.
New Marske
New Marske is a village in North Yorkshire, England, a mile south-west of Marske-by-the-Sea on a hillside. It was originally a group of miners' terraced houses.

Longbeck railway station links it to Saltburn, Middlesbrough and Darlington. New Marske is near an area of woodland called Errington Woods, in which are the remains of disused mine workings.

The original mining settlement is commemorated with a series of plaques placed at various locations, depicting events and scenes of life in the 19th century.

New Marske is the birthplace of Johanna Jackson, the first British woman to win a major race walk title at the 2010 Commonwealth Games.

Darlington
Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, County Durham, England. It lies on the River Skerne, 13 miles (21 km) west of Middlesbrough and 17 miles (27 km) south of Durham. Darlington had a population of 107,800 at the 2021 Census, making it a "large town" and one of the largest settlements in North East England. The town is linked to London, Leeds, York, Newcastle and Edinburgh by the East Coast Main Line railway and the A1 road.
Mobile campaign order of battle: Confederate
The following Confederate Army units and commanders fought in the Mobile campaign of the American Civil War including the battles of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakeley. The Union order of battle is shown separately.

Battle of Fort Blakeley
The Battle of Fort Blakeley took place from April 2 to April 9, 1865, in Baldwin County, Alabama, about 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Spanish Fort, Alabama, as part of the Mobile Campaign of the American Civil War. At the time, Blakeley, Alabama, had been the county seat of Baldwin County.

The Battle of Blakeley was the final major battle of the Civil War, with surrender just hours after Grant had accepted the surrender of Lee at Appomattox in the afternoon of April 9, 1865. Mobile, Alabama, was the last major Confederate port to be captured by Union forces, on April 12, 1865. After the assassination of President Lincoln on April 15, 1865, other Confederate surrenders continued into June 1865.
Bramham, West Yorkshire
Bramham is a village in the civil parish of Bramham cum Oglethorpe in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough, West Yorkshire, England.

It sits in the Wetherby ward of Leeds City Council and Elmet and Rothwell parliamentary constituency.

City of Leeds
The City of Leeds, also known officially as Leeds, is a metropolitan borough with city status in West Yorkshire, England. It occupies the north east of the county and includes Leeds and its surrounding towns, including Wetherby, Garforth, Morley, and Otley. The borough had an estimated population of 845,189 in 2024, making it the second largest district in England by population after Birmingham.

The borough was created in 1974 as part of a reform of local government in England. It is one of five metropolitan boroughs within the metropolitan county of West Yorkshire, which was created at the same time. Local government was shared between Leeds City Council and West Yorkshire County Council until 1985, when the county council was abolished and the city council took on its responsibilities. The city council is a member of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority, a strategic body for the county.
Keratoconjunctivitis
Keratoconjunctivitis is a term used to describe inflammation of both the cornea (the clear, front part of the eye) and the conjunctiva (the thin, transparent membrane covering the white part of the eye and lining the inside of the eyelids). This condition can have various causes, and its presentation may vary depending on the underlying factors.

When only the cornea is inflamed, it is called keratitis; when only the conjunctiva is inflamed, it is called conjunctivitis.

Photokeratitis
Photokeratitis or ultraviolet keratitis is a painful eye condition caused by exposure of insufficiently protected eyes to the ultraviolet (UV) rays from either natural (e.g. intense direct or reflected sunlight) or artificial (e.g. the electric arc during welding) sources. Photokeratitis is akin to a sunburn of the cornea and conjunctiva.

The injury may be prevented by wearing eye protection that blocks most of the ultraviolet radiation, such as welding goggles with the proper filters, a welder's helmet, sunglasses rated for sufficient UV protection, or appropriate snow goggles. The condition is usually managed by removal from the source of ultraviolet radiation, covering the corneas, and administration of pain relief. Photokeratitis is known by a number of different terms, including snow blindness, arc eye, welder's flash, sand eyes, bake eyes, corneal flash burns, flash burns, niphablepsia, or keratoconjunctivitis photoelectrica.
Doolboong language
Doolboong (also Tulpung or Duulngari) is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language formerly spoken by the Doolboong on the coast of the Cambridge Gulf in the Northern Territory.

There are no longer any speakers of Doolboong, and no written records of it exist. However, speakers of the nearby Gajirrabeng and Miriwoong languages say it was similar to Gajirrabeng. This would place it in the Jarrakan family; however, it may instead belong to the neighbouring Worrorran family.

Gajirrawoong dialect
Gajirrawoong, also written Gajirrabeng, Gadjerawang,  Gadjerong, Gadyerong and Kajirrawung, is an Australian Aboriginal language of the Kimberley region in Western Australia. It is at least endangered and possibly extinct; as of 2004 it was known by only three or four fluent speakers, and in the 2016 Australian Census, there were no recorded speakers using it at home.  It is in the Jarrakan language family, and is the language of the Gajirrawoong people.

The nearby Gurindji language is known to have borrowed from Gajirrawoong.
Peribán
Peribán is a municipality in the Mexican state of Michoacán. The municipality has an area of 331.87 square kilometres (0.56% of the surface of the state) and is bordered to the north by the municipality of Los Reyes, to the east by Uruapan, to the southeast by Tancítaro, to the south by Buenavista, and to the west by the state of Jalisco. The municipality had a population of 20,965 inhabitants according to the 2005 census.  Its municipal seat is the city of Peribán de Ramos.

In pre-Columbian times Peribán was inhabited by Cuitlatec-speaking people who knew the area as "Place Where They Sew".

Uruapan
Uruapan del Progreso, simply known as Uruapan (Spanish pronunciation: [uˈrwa.pan]), is the second largest city in the Mexican state of Michoacán. It is located at the western edge of the Purépecha highlands, just to the east of the Tierra Caliente region. Since the colonial period, it has been an important city economically due to its location. The city was conquered by the Spanish in 1522, when the last Purépecha ruler fled the Pátzcuaro area to here. The modern city was laid out in 1534 by Friar Juan de San Miguel. It played an important role in the War of Independence, and was the capital of Michoacán during the French Intervention. Today it is the center of Mexico's avocado growing region, with most of the crop distributed from here nationally and internationally.
Volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's Asian qualification
The Asian Qualification Tournament for the 2020 Men's Olympic Volleyball Tournament was a volleyball tournament for men's national teams held in Jiangmen, China from 7 to 12 January 2020. 8 teams played in the tournament and the winners Iran qualified for the 2020 Summer Olympics (postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic).

Volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's tournament in volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics  was the 15th edition of the event at the Summer Olympics, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB, in conjunction with the IOC. It was held in Tokyo, Japan from 24 July to 7 August 2021. It was originally scheduled to take place from 25 July to 8 August 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the IOC and the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee announced on 24 March 2020 that the 2020 Summer Olympics would be delayed to 2021. Because of this pandemic, all matches were played behind closed doors.

France won their first gold and overall medal with a 3–2 win over the Russian team that competed as the ROC. Argentina won the bronze medal in a narrow 3–2 victory over Brazil.

The medals for the competition were presented by Bernard Rajzman, IOC Member, Olympian, and Silver Medalist, Brazil; and the medalists' bouquets were presented by Ary Graça, FIVB President; Brazil.
Federated Amalgamated Government Railway & Tramway Service Association v NSW Rail Traffic Employees Association
Federated Amalgamated Government Railway & Tramway Service Association v NSW Rail Traffic Employees Association, known as the Railway Servants Case, is an early High Court of Australia case that held that employees of State railways could not be part of an interstate industrial dispute under the conciliation and arbitration power, applying the doctrine of "implied inter-governmental immunities". The doctrine was emphatically rejected by the High Court in the 1920 Engineers' Case, and in 1930 the High Court upheld the validity of an award binding on state railway authorities.

Section 51 of the Constitution of Australia
Section 51 of the Constitution of Australia enumerates the legislative powers granted to the Parliament of Australia by the Australian States at Federation. Each subsection, or 'head of power', provides a topic under which the parliament is empowered to make laws. There are other sections in the constitution that enable the parliament to enact laws, although the scope of those other sections are generally limited in comparison with section 51.
Forgery, Abolition of Punishment of Death Act 1832
The Forgery, Abolition of Punishment of Death Act 1832 (2 & 3 Will. 4. c. 123) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that for the United Kingdom the death penalty for all offences of forgery, except for forging wills and certain powers of attorney.

English property law
English property law is the law of acquisition, sharing and protection of valuable assets in England and Wales. While part of the United Kingdom, many elements of Scots property law are different. In England, property law encompasses four main topics:

English land law, or the law of "real property"

English trusts law

English personal property law

United Kingdom intellectual property law

Property in land is the domain of the law of real property. The law of personal property is particularly important for commercial law and insolvency. Trusts affect everything in English property law. Intellectual property is also an important branch of the law of property. For unregistered land see Unregistered land in English law.
Land of the Minotaurs
Land of the Minotaurs is a fantasy novel by American writer Richard A. Knaak, set in the world of Dragonlance, and based on the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game. It is the fourth novel in the "Lost Histories" series. It was published in paperback in January 1996. It continues the story of Kaz the Minotaur from The Legend of Huma, Kaz the Minotaur, and the short story "Kaz and the Dragon's Children" from The Dragons of Krynn.

The Legend of Huma
The Legend of Huma is a fantasy novel by American writer Richard A. Knaak, the first in the Heroes Sextet of Dragonlance novels.  It was based on characters and settings from Margaret Weis and Tracy Hickman's Dragonlance Chronicles series.  Published in 1988, it was the first Dragonlance book not dealing with the original companions.
BusinessTech
BusinessTech is South Africa's largest business news website which was started in 2008 by the media company, Broad Media. The publication's Editor is Quinton Bronkhorst. It features articles on finance, technology, industry, investing, and marketing topics. Its headquarters is located in Centurion, Gauteng, South Africa. Competitors in the business news segment include TimesLIVE, MoneyWeb, and News24.

BusinessTech is the top business news website in South Africa, with a monthly readership of over 6 million.

News24 (website)
News24 is an English-language South African news website created in October 1998 by the multinational media company, Naspers. Its team of approximately 100 journalists, led by editor-in-chief Adriaan Basson, is based in Cape Town, Johannesburg, Pretoria, Durban and Gqeberha. Its brands include Fin24, Sport24, Channel24, Health24, Arts24, Parent24, Wheels24, W24, Ride24 and Business Insider SA. News24 is owned by Media24, a South African media company, with interests in digital media and services, newspapers, magazines, e-commerce, book publishing, print and distribution. In August 2021, News24 launched a digital subscription service that offers premium investigative journalism, opinion, analysis and more to paying subscribers at R109 per month. It reached 100,000 subscribers in February 2024, becoming the largest subscription-led news website in Africa.
2024 Porsche Tennis Grand Prix
The 2024 Porsche Tennis Grand Prix was a women's professional tennis tournament played on indoor clay courts at the Porsche Arena in Stuttgart, Germany, from 15 April until 21 April 2024. It was the 46th edition of the Porsche Tennis Grand Prix and was classified as a WTA 500 tournament on the 2024 WTA Tour.

2024 WTA Tour
The 2024 WTA Tour (branded as the 2024 Hologic WTA Tour for sponsorship reasons) was the global elite women's professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2024 tennis season. The 2024 WTA Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA 1000 tournaments, the WTA 500 tournaments, the WTA 250 tournaments, the Billie Jean King Cup (organized by the ITF), the year-end championships (the WTA Finals), the team events United Cup (combined event with ATP) and the Summer Olympic Games.
Valldaura station
Valldaura is a Barcelona Metro station, in the Horta-Guinardó district of Barcelona. The station is served by line L3.

The station is located underneath the Passeig de Valldaura, between Carrer Canigó and Carrer Hedilla in the north-east of the city. The island-platform station has a single access at Carrer Canigó. The station is wheelchair-accessible via elevators.

The station was opened in 2001, when the section of line L3 from Montbau station to Canyelles station was inaugurated. It was designed by Manel Sánchez.

Montbau station
Montbau is a Barcelona Metro station, in the Horta-Guinardó district of Barcelona, and named after the nearby Montbau neighbourhood. The station is served by line L3.

The station is located underneath the Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron and the Ronda de Dalt expressway, between Carrer de l'Arquitectura and Carrer Pare Mariana. The station has a single ticket hall with two entrances; as the station is on a mountainside, one of the entrances is actually below the ticket hall level, requiring passengers to climb stairs up, but in August 2009 a new entrance has been open with no stairs to climb. There are two 91-metre (299 ft) long side platforms.

The station was opened in 1985, when the section of line L3 from Lesseps station was inaugurated. It remained the terminus of the line until the extension to Canyelles station opened in 2001.
PathGuide Technologies
PathGuide Technologies is a privately held software company based in Washington State that develops, markets and implements real time warehouse management systems (WMS). It’s largely known as the company that Dr. David Allais, an expert and inventor in the fields of bar coding and automatic identification and data capture (AIDC), founded. PathGuide’s main product, Latitude Warehouse Management System, makes use of bar code scanning and RF data communications. The company integrates its products with Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Automatic Identification and Data Capture companies like Microsoft, Oracle and Intermec. PathGuide primarily markets to wholesale/industrial distributors.

Oracle Corporation
Oracle Corporation is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Austin, Texas. Co-founded in Santa Clara, California by Bob Miner, Ed Oates, and current chairman of the board and chief technology officer, Larry Ellison in 1977, Oracle is among the 20 largest companies in the world by market cap, and ranked 66th on the Forbes Global 2000 as of 2025.

The company sells database software (particularly the Oracle Database), enterprise applications, and cloud infrastructure and hardware. Oracle's core application software is a suite of enterprise software products, including enterprise resource planning (ERP), human capital management (HCM), customer relationship management (CRM), enterprise performance management (EPM), Customer Experience Commerce (CX Commerce) and supply chain management (SCM) software.
Potassium dichromate
Potassium dichromate is the inorganic compound with the formula K2Cr2O7.  An orange solid, it is used in diverse laboratory and industrial applications. As with all hexavalent chromium compounds, it is chronically harmful to health. It is a crystalline ionic solid with a very bright, red-orange color.  The salt is popular in laboratories because it is not deliquescent, in contrast to the more industrially relevant salt sodium dichromate.

Tanning (leather)
Tanning, or hide tanning, is the process of treating skins and hides of animals to produce leather. A tannery is the place where the skins are processed.

Historically, vegetable based tanning used tannin, an acidic chemical compound derived from the bark of certain trees, in the production of leather. An alternative method, developed in the 1800s, is chrome tanning, where chromium salts are used instead of natural tannins.