hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shankaragaurishvara Temple
The Shankaragaurishvara Temple is a 9th century Hindu temple attributed to the Utpala dynasty. The temple is dedicated to the Hindu god, Shiva and located in Pattan, in the Baramulla district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The temple was built by king Shankaravarman of the Utpala dynasty of Kashmir, who ruled between 883 and 902 AD.

The temple is in a dilapidated condition and worship is no longer conducted. It is built in a style similar to the Shankaracharya Temple. It is listed as one of the more than 15 important temples for promotion of tourism in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.

Shankaracharya Temple
Shankaracharya Temple or Jyeshteshwara Temple is a Hindu temple situated on top of the Zabarwan Range in Srinagar in the Kashmir Valley of the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is dedicated to Shiva. The temple is at a height of 1,000 feet (300 m) above the valley floor and overlooks the city of Srinagar. The temple is accessible via a road that emerges off Boulevard road near Gagribal.

On festivals such as Herath, as Maha Shivaratri is known as in the region, the temple is visited by Kashmiri Hindus.

The temple and adjacent land is a Monument of National Importance, centrally protected under the Archaeological Survey of India. Dharmarth Trust has managed the temple since the 19th century, along with others in the region. Karan Singh is the sole chairperson trustee.
2021 İstanbul Cup
The 2021 İstanbul Cup (also known as the TEB BNP Paribas Tennis Championship İstanbul for sponsorship reasons) is a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It is the 14th edition of the İstanbul Cup, and part of the WTA International tournaments of the 2021 WTA Tour. It took place in Istanbul, Turkey, from 19 through 25 April 2021.

2021 WTA Tour
The 2021 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2021 tennis season. The 2021 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA 1000 tournaments, the WTA 500 tournaments, the WTA 250 tournaments, the Billie Jean King Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the WTA Finals and the WTA Elite Trophy). Also included in the 2021 calendar are the Summer Olympic Games, which were rescheduled from 2020.
Movistar Team (women's team)
Movistar Team is a Spanish professional road bicycle racing women's team which participates in elite women's races. The title sponsor is the Spanish mobile telephone company Telefónica, with the team riding under the name of the company's brand Movistar.

Telefónica
Telefónica, S.A. (Spanish pronunciation: [teleˈfonika]) is a Spanish multinational telecommunications company. It has headquarters as well as a registered office in Madrid, Spain. It is one of the largest telephone operators and mobile network providers in the world. It provides fixed and mobile telephony, broadband, and subscription television, operating in Europe and the Americas.

Along with its Telefónica brand, it also trades as Movistar, O2, and Vivo. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. On 15 April 2012, Telefónica shut down TVA and Ajacto, which unified the brand into Vivo.
Western German football championship
The Western German football championship (German: Westdeutsche Fußball Meisterschaft) was the highest association football competition in western Germany, in the Prussian Province of Westphalia, the Rhine Province, the northern parts of the province of Hesse-Nassau as well as the Principality of Lippe, later to become the Free State of Lippe. The competition was disbanded in 1933 with the rise of the Nazis to power.

It is not to be confused with the German championship in what was commonly referred to as West Germany from 1949 to 1990.

Oberliga Südwest (1945–1963)
The Oberliga Südwest (English: Premier league Southwest) was the highest level of the German football league system in the southwest of Germany from 1945 until the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963. It covered the two states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland.
Butterfly network
A butterfly network is a technique to link multiple computers into a high-speed network. This form of multistage interconnection network topology can be used to connect different nodes in a multiprocessor system.

Network science
Network science is an academic field which studies complex networks such as telecommunication networks, computer networks, biological networks, cognitive and semantic networks, and social networks, considering distinct elements or actors represented by nodes (or vertices) and the connections between the elements or actors as links (or edges).  The field draws on theories and methods including graph theory from mathematics, statistical mechanics from physics, data mining and information visualization from computer science, inferential modeling from statistics, and social structure from sociology. The United States National Research Council defines network science as "the study of network representations of physical, biological, and social phenomena leading to predictive models of these phenomena."
Matthew (bishop of Aberdeen)
Matthew (died 1199) was a 12th-century churchman residing in Scotland. He is the first man known to have held the position of Archdeacon of St Andrews, his first known ecclesiastical post. He occurs in this office in a document which can be dated to some point between August 1147 and June 1152. Bishop Edward, Bishop of Aberdeen, died in 1172 and Archdeacon Matthew was elected as the successor. He was consecrated on 2 April 1172.

Matthew was the principal prelate in charge of the consecration of John the Scot at Holyrood Abbey on 15 June 1180. Matthew maintained his links with Fife, appearing in numerous charters relating to that province. He had a brother named Odo who was the dapifer ("steward") of Ernald, Bishop of St Andrews (1160–63). His family may have been the one that eventually took the locative surname "de Kininmund" (or variants). He died on 20 August 1199 and was succeeded by John, the prior of Kelso Abbey.

John of Kelso
John (died 1207) was a late 12th century and early 13th century Tironensian monk and bishop. By the time he first appears in the records, as Bishop-elect of Aberdeen in December 1199, he was the prior of Kelso Abbey, that is, deputy to the Abbot of Kelso. He achieved consecration as Bishop of Aberdeen by 20 June 1200, though the date on which this took place is unknown.

John's episcopate, like many from this era, is badly documented, and little is known about his activities. He assisted at the Provincial Council held by the Papal legate, John of Salerno, at Perth in December 1200. His name occurs as a witness to three charters of David of Huntingdon, Lord of Garioch and Earl of Huntingdon, charters preserved in the cartulary of Lindores Abbey. Ratifications of grants made by Gille Críst, Earl of Mar are recorded. He died on 13 October 1207.
Robotix (toyline)
Robotix was a line of toy motorized modular construction sets used for constructing robotics creatures, vehicles and machines, often including action figures. Robotix toys were first marketed by the Milton Bradley Company (MB) from 1984 until 1986.

The 1985 cartoon series Robotix was based on these toys. During the 1990s and early 2000s, Robotix toys were sold by RC2 Corporation under its Learning Curve brand. Learning Curve changed the colors of the original MB toys from mostly black and white to bright colors, introduced new parts, and expanded the range of playsets.

By 2014, Robotix toys were sold by Robotics and Things, based in Simi Valley, California, which also offered STEM enrichment programs for children.

Construction set
A construction set is a standardized piece assortment allowing for the construction of various different models. Construction sets are most often marketed as toys. Popular construction toy brands include Lincoln Logs and LEGO.
National Trade Union Bloc
The National Trade Union Bloc (Romanian: Blocul Național Sindical, BNS) is the second largest national trade union center in Romania. It was founded in 1991 and has a membership of 375,000.

Plans for a BNS merger with CNSLR-Fratia were announced in 1994, however this has not taken place.

BNS is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation, and the European Trade Union Confederation.

European Trade Union Confederation
The European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) is the major trade union organisation representing workers at the European level. In its role as a European social partner, the ETUC works both in a consulting role with the European Commission and negotiates agreements and work programmes with European employers. It coordinates the national and sectoral policies of its affiliates on social and economic matters, particularly in the framework of the EU institutional processes, including European economic governance and the European Semester.
Erwin und Elmire (André)
Erwin und Elmire is a singspiel, described as a Schauspiel mit Gesang, in two acts by the German composer Johann André, with a libretto by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, after Oliver Goldsmith's ballad of Angelica and Edwin, The Hermit, in chapter 8 of his sentimental novel The Vicar of Wakefield.

André was the first to set Goethe's text in 1775, but he was closely followed by Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel whose own Erwin und Elmire was performed in 1776. Versions followed by  Carl David Stegmann (Hamburg, 1776), Ernst Wilhelm Wolf (Weimar, 1785) and Karl Christian Agthe (Ballenstedt, 1785), also Johann Friedrich Reichardt (concert performance, Berlin, 1793) who based his work on a later revised text by Goethe. Othmar Schoeck's songs and incidental music to the play premiered in 1916.

Singspiel
A Singspiel (German pronunciation: [ˈzɪŋʃpiːl] ⓘ; plural: Singspiele; lit. 'sing-play') is a form of German-language music drama, now regarded as a genre of opera. It is characterized by spoken dialogue, which is alternated with ensembles, songs, ballads, and arias which were often strophic, or folk-like. Singspiel plots are generally comic or romantic in nature, and frequently include elements of magic, fantastical creatures, and comically exaggerated characterizations of good and evil.
31st Singapore International Film Festival
The 31st annual Singapore International Film Festival took place from 26 November to 6 December 2020 in Singapore. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the festival was held hybrid, combining physical and virtual screenings. The festival opened with satirical comedy film Tiong Bahru Social Club by Tan Bee Thiam.

Ivan Ayr's Milestone won the festival's main award Silver Screen Award for Best Asian Film.

Singapore International Film Festival
The Singapore International Film Festival (SGIFF) (Chinese: 新加坡国际电影节) is the longest-running film festival in Singapore, founded in 1987.

The 36th Singapore International Film Festival took place from 26 November to 7 December 2025.
Alice Nkom
Alice Nkom (born January 14, 1945) is a Cameroonian lawyer, politician, and human rights activist known for her advocacy in defending the rights of LGBTQ+ individuals in Cameroon. She is the first woman in Central Africa to become a lawyer and is noted for her efforts in advocating for the decriminalization of  homosexuality in the region.

Nkom began studying law at the Toulouse School of Law at the Toulouse Capitole University, France. She completed her studies at the University of Yaoundé and practices law in Douala, Cameroon, since 1969. At the age of 24, she became the first Black French-speaking woman admitted to the bar in Cameroon. She currently serves as the president of the Central African Human Rights Defenders Network (French: Réseau des défenseurs des droits humains en Afrique centrale, Redhac).

In recognition of her work, particularly during an "anti-gay crackdown," she was ranked second on The New Yorker's list of "The Eight Most Fascinating Africans of 2012."

PFLAG
PFLAG is an LGBTQ advocacy organization founded and led by friends and family of LGBTQ people. PFLAG is a national organization presiding over decentralized local and regional chapters. PFLAG has over 360 chapters across the United States, with more than 550,000 members and supporters.

PFLAG (pronounced /ˈpiːflæɡ/ PEE-flag) was originally an acronym, standing for Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays (later broadened to Parents, Families and Friends of Lesbians and Gays). Until 1993, the name was hyphenated as P-FLAG. In 2014, the organization's members voted to make PFLAG the group's only official name and drop the phrase for which it previously stood, citing wider advocacy for groups beyond homosexual people.
Liam O'Gallagher
Liam O'Gallagher (October 2, 1917 – December 4, 2007) was an avant-garde sound artist, painter and teacher whose San Francisco studio became an early gathering place for Beat writers and poets in the 1950s. He was integral to the creation of foundations and centers for human growth, including Feathered Pipe Ranch, The Ojai Foundation and the Beatrice Wood Center for the Arts.

Beatrice Wood
Beatrice Wood (March 3, 1893 – March 12, 1998) was an American artist and studio potter involved in the Dada movement in the United States; she founded and edited The Blind Man and Rongwrong magazines in New York City with French artist Marcel Duchamp and writer Henri-Pierre Roché in 1917. She had earlier studied art and theater in Paris, and was working in New York as an actress. She later worked at sculpture and pottery. Wood was characterized as the "Mama of Dada".

Wood partially inspired the character of Rose DeWitt Bukater in the 1998 film Titanic. She died nine days after her 105th birthday in Ojai, California.
Rachel Albeck-Gidron
Rachel Albeck-Gidron (Hebrew: רחל אלבק-גדרון) is a literature scholar and associate Professor in the Faculty of Jewish Studies at Bar-Ilan University. She has explored three chief subjects: 1. Interdisciplinary research integrating comparative literature, visual arts, and philosophy based on Leibniz’s Monadology theory; 2. Modern Hebrew literature starting in 1900 and; 3. Comparative probing of the Far East vis the Occident culture in literature, aesthetics, and philosophy, mainly in Yoel Hoffmann's works. 4. Textology; Theory of literary text’s genealogy; 5. Modern aspects of Ashkenazi pronunciation and rhythm in Modern Hebrew Literature.

Western philosophy
Western philosophy refers to the philosophical thought, traditions, and works of the Western world. Historically, the term refers to the philosophical thinking of Western culture, beginning with the ancient Greek philosophy of the pre-Socratics. The word philosophy itself originated from the Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophía), literally, 'the love of wisdom', from Ancient Greek: φιλεῖν (phileîn), 'to love', and σοφία (sophía), 'wisdom'.

Western philosophy stands in contrast to other cultural and regional traditions like Eastern philosophy.
Nandi Awards of 1975
The Nandi Awards were presented annually by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema. The first awards were presented in 1964. The following won the best films awards in 1975.

Nandi Awards
The Nandi Awards were annual awards presented by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television, as well as lifetime achievements in Indian cinema. The awards were named after the monolithic sculpture of the sacred bull in Hinduism, Nandi, at Lepakshi, a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu people.

The Nandi Awards were categorised into four levels: Swarnam (Gold), Rajatam (Silver), Kamsyam (Bronze), and Raagi (Copper). In addition to film and television awards, the government also presented the Nandi Natakotsavam Awards to honour outstanding contributions in social, mythological, and poetic dramas in Telugu theatre.
The Malay Chronicles: Bloodlines
The Malay Chronicles: Bloodlines (also called Clash of Empires: The Battle for Asia in the United Kingdom) is a 2011 Malaysian Malay-language epic action adventure film loosely based on the late 18th or 19th century document Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa (Kedah Annals), which is also its title as released in Malaysia (Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa). The film is directed, co-written, and co-produced by Yusry Abdul Halim. The film stars Stephen Rahman-Hughes as Merong Mahawangsa, who escorts Prince Marcus Carprenius of the Roman Empire to Langkasuka to marry Princess Meng Li Hua from the Han Dynasty of China, thus uniting the two powers of East and West. The film was produced and distributed by KRU Studios.

The film was released to Malaysian cinemas nationwide beginning on 10 March 2011. The film won eight out of its 13 nominations in the 24th Malaysia Film Festival in the same year, including the category for Best Film.

Yaśodharā
Yaśodharā or Yashodhara, originally known as Bhaddakaccānā (Pāli) or Bhadrakātyāyani (Sanskrit), was an Indian princess and the wife of Prince Siddhartha prior to his renunciation to become a śramaṇa (ascetic). She was the mother of Rāhula, and the niece of Mahaprajapati Gautami. Later, she became a Bhikkhunī and is considered an arahatā.
SU-12
The SU-12 (Russian: СУ-12) self-propelled gun battery (gun truck) was created in 1934 by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics by mounting a 76 mm regimental gun M1927 onto a modified GAZ-AAA truck, and was in production from 1933 to 1935. The cannon's barrel and recoil system were modified to reduce recoil. It was the Soviet Union's first self-propelled gun. It had a four-man crew, including the driver, and the gun could rotate 270 degrees.

The SU-12 had no armor protection. This was corrected in the SU-1-12 model which added a front shield and roof armor of 4mm thickness. As time went by more armor, in the form of a 2mm rear window and a 4mm rear shield, were added to the SU-1-12 models. Most SU-12 units were decommissioned by 1938, but the Su-1-12 models served in the Battle of Lake Khasan, the Battles of Khalkhin Gol, and in the Winter War against Finland. By 1941 only 3 were left in service and had been supplanted by tracked SPGs.

GAZ-AAA
The GAZ-AAA was a Soviet truck produced by GAZ. From 1936 to 1943, 37,373 units were built. Like the GAZ-AA and GAZ-MM, it was largely based on the Ford Model AA truck.: 48

The Red Army commonly used these trucks as anti-aircraft units, mounting either 4 7.62mm Maxim guns (as seen on the 4M variant), one 12.7mm DShK heavy machine gun, or a single 25mm 72-K autocannon.

The GAZ-AAA, being a development of the GAZ-AA, involved several modifications, the most noticeable, of which, was a 6-wheeled base rather than the 4-wheeled original.
Tom Konchalski
Thomas Coman Konchalski (January 8, 1947 – February 8, 2021) was an American high school basketball scout. Konchalski published a well-known newsletter called High School Basketball Illustrated. In 2023, he was elected to the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame as a contributor to the game.

Official (tennis)
In tennis, an official is a person who ensures that a match or tournament is conducted according to the International Tennis Federation Rules of Tennis and other competition regulations.

At the highest levels of the sport, a team of up to eleven officials may be on court at any given time. These officials are broken up into categories based on their responsibility during the match. Contrastingly, many tennis matches are conducted with no officials present directly on court.
Brychta
Brychta (feminine: Brychtová) is a Czech surname, derived from the given name Brikcius (Czech form of Bricius). A similar surname with the same origin is Brichta. Notable people with the surname include:

Alex Brychta (born 1956), British illustrator

Edita Brychta (born 1961), Czech-born British actress

Jaroslava Brychtová (1924–2020), Czech artist

Czech name
Czech names are composed of a given name and a family name (surname). Czechs typically get one given name – additional names may be chosen by themselves upon baptism but they generally use one. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname.
2015 in the Philippines
2015 in the Philippines details events of note that happened in the Philippines in 2015. International events that are connected, or concerned with the Philippines are also included in this significant and important article.

The year was designated by the Department of Tourism as Visit the Philippines Year.

Supreme Court of the Philippines
The Supreme Court (Filipino: Kataas-taasang Hukuman), colloquially referred to as the Korte Suprema (also used in formal writing), is the highest court in the Philippines. It was established by the Taft Commission in June 11, 1901, through the enactment of Act No. 136, which abolished the Real Audiencia of Manila, the predecessor of the Supreme Court.

The Supreme Court compound is located in what was formerly a part of the University of the Philippines Manila campus. It occupies the corner of Padre Faura Street and Taft Avenue in Ermita, Manila, with the main building sited directly in front of Philippine General Hospital's cancer institute.
PGC 3092152
PGC 3092152 or known as 2MASX J09442693+0429569, is a type S0 lenticular galaxy located in the constellation of Sextans. It is located 655 million light-years from the Solar System and has an approximate diameter of 75,000 light-years.

Sextans
Sextans is a faint, minor constellation on the celestial equator which was introduced in 1687 by Polish astronomer Johannes Hevelius. Its name is Latin for the astronomical sextant, an instrument that Hevelius made frequent use of in his observations.
Ao Manao
Ao Manao (Thai: อ่าวมะนาว, pronounced [ʔàːw mā.nāːw]), meaning "Lime Bay", is a bay in the west side of the Gulf of Thailand. It is five kilometres to the south of Prachuap Khiri Khan in Prachuap Khiri Khan Province.

Gulf of Thailand
The Gulf of Thailand, historically known as the Gulf of Siam, is a shallow inlet adjacent to the southwestern South China Sea, bounded between the southwestern shores of Mainland Southeast Asia and the northern half of the Malay Peninsula. It is around 800 km (500 mi) in length and up to 560 km (350 mi) in width, and has a surface area of 320,000 km2 (120,000 sq mi). The gulf is surrounded on the north, west and southwest by the coastlines of Thailand; on the northeast by Cambodia; and the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. It opens to the South China Sea in the southeast.
Pete Fox
Ervin "Pete" Fox (March 8, 1909 – July 5, 1966) was an American professional baseball player from 1930 to 1946. He played 13 seasons in Major League Baseball, principally as a right fielder, for the Detroit Tigers from 1933 to 1940 and the Boston Red Sox from 1941 to 1945. Though his given name was Ervin, Fox became known as "Pete" in 1932 when fans in Beaumont, Texas, dubbed him "Rabbit" in reference to his speed, with the nickname reportedly evolving into "Peter Rabbit" and then simply "Pete".

Fox compiled a .298 career batting average and finished among the American League leaders in batting average four times—8th in 1935 (.321), 10th in 1937 (.331), 9th in 1943 (.288), and 6th in 1944 (.315). His .321 average in 1935 was third highest on the Tigers team that defeated the Chicago Cubs in the 1935 World Series. Fox also ranked among the American League leaders in stolen bases on seven occasions between 1934 and 1944.

1935 Chicago Cubs season
The 1935 Chicago Cubs season was the 64th season for the Chicago Cubs franchise, the 60th in the National League and the 20th at Wrigley Field. The season saw the Cubs finish with 100 wins for the first time in 25 years; they would not win 100 games in another season until 2016. The Cubs won their 14th National League pennant in team history and faced the Detroit Tigers in the World Series, but lost in six games.

The 1935 season is largely remembered for the Cubs' 21-game winning streak. The streak began on September 4 with the Cubs 2.5 games out of first place. They would not lose again until September 28. The streak propelled the Cubs to the National League pennant. The 21-game winning streak tied the franchise and major league record set in 1880 when they were known as the Chicago White Stockings.