hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2016 World Senior Curling Championships
The 2016 World Senior Curling Championships was from 16 to 23 April at the Karlstad Curling Arena in Karlstad, Sweden. The event was held in conjunction with the 2016 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship.

World Senior Curling Championships
The World Senior Curling Championships is an annual curling tournament featuring curlers from around the world who are at least 50 years old. Matches at the World Senior Championships are played in 8 ends played instead of the 10 played in most international events.

The tournament began in 2002 with only 7 men's teams and 4 women's teams but has since expanded.

The 2020 & 2021 event were cancelled on March 14, 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Fucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase
In enzymology, a fucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.30) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

GTP + beta-L-fucose 1-phosphate  diphosphate + GDP-L-fucose

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are GTP and beta-L-fucose 1-phosphate, whereas its two products are diphosphate and GDP-L-fucose.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing nucleotide groups (nucleotidyltransferases).  The systematic name of this enzyme class is GTP:beta-L-fucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase. Other names in common use include GDP fucose pyrophosphorylase, guanosine diphosphate L-fucose pyrophosphorylase, GDP-L-fucose pyrophosphorylase, GDP-fucose pyrophosphorylase, and GTP:L-fucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase.  This enzyme participates in fructose and mannose metabolism.

Nucleotidyltransferase
Nucleotidyltransferases are transferase enzymes of phosphorus-containing groups, e.g., substituents of nucleotidylic acids or simply nucleoside monophosphates. The general reaction of transferring a nucleoside monophosphate moiety from A to B, can be written as:

A-P-N + B  A + B-P-N

For example, in the case of polymerases, A is pyrophosphate and B is the nascent polynucleotide.
They are classified under EC number 2.7.7 and they can be categorised into:

Uridylyltransferases, which transfer uridylyl- groups

Adenylyltransferases, which transfer adenylyl- groups

Guanylyltransferases, which transfer guanylyl- groups

Cytitidylyltransferases, which transfer cytidylyl- groups

Thymidylyltransferases, which transfer thymidylyl- groups
Isolation (microbiology)
In microbiology, isolation is the technique of separating one strain from a mixed population of living microorganisms. This allows identification of microorganisms in a sample taken from the environment, such as water or soil, or from a person or animal. Laboratory techniques for isolating bacteria and parasites were developed during the 19th century, and for viruses during the 20th century.

Growth medium
A growth medium or culture medium is a solid, liquid, or semi-solid designed to support the growth of a population of microorganisms or cells via the process of cell proliferation or small plants like the moss Physcomitrella patens. Different types of media are used for growing different types of cells.

The two major types of growth media are those used for cell culture, which use specific cell types derived from plants or animals, and those used for microbiological culture, which are used for growing microorganisms such as bacteria or fungi. The most common growth media for microorganisms are nutrient broths and agar plates; specialized media are sometimes required for microorganism and cell culture growth. Some organisms, termed fastidious organisms, require specialized environments due to complex nutritional requirements. Viruses, for example, are obligate intracellular parasites and require a growth medium containing living cells.
Athletics at the 1983 Summer Universiade – Men's 10,000 metres
The men's 10,000 metres event at the 1983 Summer Universiade was held at the Commonwealth Stadium in Edmonton, Canada on 5 July 1983.

The winning margin was 0.02 seconds which as of 2024 remains the narrowest winning margin for the men's 10,000 metres at these games.

Athletics at the 1983 Summer Universiade
The Athletics Tournament at the 1983 Summer Universiade took place in the Commonwealth Stadium in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada in July 1983, shortly before the inaugural World Championships in Helsinki, Finland. There was one new event, the women's marathon.
Nanjing Trams
Nanjing Trams is the tram system of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. There are two lines which are not connected to each other.

The Nanjing trams is a wireless system, powered by lightweight Li-ion batteries. Batteries are charged via a pantograph at stations and terminals, and dynamically during acceleration. Charging time is 46 seconds at stations, and 10 minutes at terminals. 90% of the line is catenary-free.

Line 2 (Nanjing Metro)
Line 2 of the Nanjing Metro (Chinese: 南京地铁2号线; pinyin: Nánjīng Dìtiě ÈrHào Xiàn) is a subway line that runs mainly in an east-west direction on the Nanjing Metro network, running from Jingtianlu to Youfangqiao; it entered operation on May 28, 2010. It covers a length of 37.95 km (23.58 mi) with 26 stations. Of the 26 stations, 17 stations are underground, 2 stations are on the surface, and the other 7 station are either above ground or elevated stations.

The section between Maqun and Jingtianlu was originally planned as an east extension of Line 2, but it entered operation, together with the main line, on the same day.
St. Marys Saints (baseball)
The St. Marys Saints were a minor league baseball team based in St. Marys, Pennsylvania. In 1916, the Saints played as members of the eight-team Class D level Interstate League, finishing in second place before the league folded following the season. St. Marys hosted home minor league games at Memorial Park.

St. Marys, Pennsylvania
St. Marys is a city in Elk County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population is 12,738 as of the 2020 census. Originally a small town inhabited by mostly Bavarian Roman Catholics, it was founded December 8, 1842. It is home to Straub Brewery and the first Benedictine convent in the United States. In 1992, the borough of St. Marys absorbed the surrounding township of Benzinger and incorporated as a city. Despite its place as the second-largest city by area in Pennsylvania behind Philadelphia, it is one of the state's least densely populated cities.

St. Marys lies in the center of Pennsylvania's Elk country. It is one of the few places east of the Mississippi River that allows hunting of wild elk. The area is known for its access to outdoor activities, including trout streams and state hunting lands inside the city limits.
Jagdgeschwader 6
Jagdgeschwader 6 (JG 6) Horst Wessel was a Luftwaffe fighter wing during World War II. Created late in the war as one of the last Jagdgeschwader, JG 6 fought on the Western and Eastern Fronts and in the Defence of the Reich over Germany. This period of the air war was characterised by few successes and heavy losses among the German fighter arm.

Gruppenkommandeur
Gruppenkommandeur is a Luftwaffe position (not rank), that is the equivalent of a commander of a group or wing in other air forces. A Gruppenkommandeur usually has the rank of Major or Oberstleutnant (Lieutenant Colonel), and commands a Gruppe, which is a sub-unit of a Geschwader. A Gruppe usually consists of three or four Staffeln (each of which is commanded by a Staffelkapitän).
Edipo a Colono (Rossini)
Edipo a Colono is a piece of incidental music. Gioachino Rossini composed it in 1817 for bass voice, men's chorus and orchestra. The Italian libretto by Giambattista Giusti is based on the eponymous play by Sophocles.

Three excerpts were furnished with French lyrics and published in 1844: the choruses La Foi and l'Esperance, and the aria Ame innocent.

After a long absence, the 'Rossini renaissance' brought about a staged revival at the Rossini Opera Festival at Pesaro in 1982, and again in 1995, using the critical edition published by the Fondazione Rossini/Casa Ricordi edited by Lorenzo Tozzi and Piero Weiss.

Incidental music
Incidental music is music in a play, television program, radio program, video game, or some other presentation form that is not primarily musical. The term is less frequently applied to film music, with such music being referred to instead as the film score or soundtrack.

Incidental music is often background music, and is intended to add atmosphere to the action. It may take the form of something as simple as a low, ominous tone suggesting an impending startling event or to enhance the depiction of a story-advancing sequence. It may also include pieces such as overtures, music played during scene changes, or at the end of an act, immediately preceding an interlude, as was customary with several nineteenth-century plays. It may also be required in plays that have musicians performing on-stage.
Democratic Republic of Sudan
On 25 May 1969, several young officers calling themselves the Free Officers Movement (after the Egyptian officers who instigated the Egyptian revolution of 1952) seized power in Sudan in a coup d'état and started the Nimeiry era, also called the May Regime, in the history of Sudan. Gaafar Nimeiry ruled as president with the Sudanese Socialist Union (SSU). At the conspiracy's core were nine officers led by Colonel Gaafar Nimeiry, who had been implicated in plots against the Abboud regime. Nimeiry's coup preempted plots by other groups, most of which involved army factions supported by the Sudanese Communist Party (SCP), Arab nationalists, or conservative religious groups. He justified the coup on the grounds that civilian politicians had paralyzed the decision-making process, had failed to deal with the country's economic and regional problems, and had left Sudan without a permanent constitution.

Sadiq al-Mahdi
Sadiq al-Mahdi (Arabic: الصادق المهدي, romanized: aṣ-Ṣādiq al-Mahdī; 25 December 1935 – 26 November 2020), also known as Sadiq as-Siddiq, was a Sudanese political and religious figure who was Prime Minister of Sudan from 1966 to 1967 and again from 1986 to 1989. He was head of the National Umma Party and Imam of the Ansar, a Sufi order that pledges allegiance to Muhammad Ahmad (1844–1885), who claimed to be the Mahdi, the messianic saviour of Islam.
Neckarbischofsheim
Neckarbischofsheim (German pronunciation: [ˌnɛkaʁˈbɪʃɔfshaɪm] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, in Baden-Württemberg,  Germany. It is situated 8 km northeast of Sinsheim, and 24 km southeast of Heidelberg.

Rhein-Neckar-Kreis
The Rhein-Neckar-Kreis is a district in the northwest of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The administrative headquarters are based in the city Heidelberg, which is a district-free city. As of 2019, the district is the most populous in Baden-Württemberg.
Castle Douglas
Castle Douglas (Scottish Gaelic: Caisteal Dhùghlais) is a town in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. It lies in the lieutenancy area of Kirkcudbrightshire, in the eastern part of Galloway, between the towns of Dalbeattie and Gatehouse of Fleet. It is in the ecclesiastical parish of Kelton.

Gatehouse of Fleet
Gatehouse of Fleet (Scots: Gatehoose o Fleet Scottish Gaelic: Taigh an Rathaid) is a town, half in the civil parish of Girthon, and half in the parish of Anwoth, divided by the river Fleet, Kirkcudbrightshire, within the council administrative area of Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland.
Jean Laurent Ravera
Jean Laurent Ravera (born August 29, 1979) is a Monegasque former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Ravera qualified for the men's 100 m freestyle at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by receiving a Universality place from FINA, in an entry time of 56.86. He challenged seven other swimmers in heat two, including three-time Olympian Aleksandr Agafonov of Uzbekistan. He rounded out the field to last place by five hundredths of a second (0.05) behind Iran's Babak Farhoudi in a lifetime best of 56.47. Ravera failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed sixty-second overall out of 71 swimmers in the preliminaries.

Babak Farhoudi
Babak Farhoudi (Persian: بابک فرهودی; born September 9, 1985) is an Iranian former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Farhoudi qualified for the men's 100 m freestyle at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by receiving a Universality place from FINA, in an entry time of 53.76. He challenged seven other swimmers in heat two, including three-time Olympian Aleksandr Agafonov of Uzbekistan. He edged out Monaco's Jean Laurent Ravera to save a seventh spot by five hundredths of a second (0.05) in 56.42. Farhoudi failed to advance to the semifinals, as he placed sixty-first overall out of 71 swimmers in the preliminaries.
Stroke Index
The stroke index is a numbering system used in handicap golf competitions. The rules of golf require that the committee in charge of a competition publish a Handicap Stroke Table indicating the order of holes at which handicap strokes are to be given. Normally the table is included on the scorecard and lists the stroke index of each hole, a number from 1 to 18. Handicap strokes are given at holes where the stroke index of the hole is less than or equal to the number of strokes given. The table can be used in both match play and stroke play competitions.

Match play
Match play is a scoring system for golf in which a player, or team, earns a point for each hole in which they have bested their opponents; as opposed to stroke play, in which the total number of strokes is counted over one or more rounds of 18 holes. In match play the winner is the player, or team, with the most points at the end of play.

Although most professional tournaments are played using the stroke play scoring system, there are, or have been, some exceptions, for example the now defunct WGC Match Play and the Volvo World Match Play Championship, and most team events, for example the Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup, all of which are in match play format.
2013 Copa Argentina Final
The 2013 Copa Argentina Final was the 223rd and final match of the 2012–13 Copa Argentina. It was played on October 16, 2013 at the Estadio del Bicentenario de Catamarca between San Lorenzo and Arsenal. Arsenal won the match 3–0.

As champion, Arsenal qualified for the 2013 Supercopa Argentina and the 2014 Copa Libertadores.

2013 Supercopa Argentina
The 2013 Supercopa Argentina Final was the 2nd edition of the Supercopa Argentina, an annual football match contested by the winners of the Primera División and Copa Argentina competitions. Vélez Sarsfield beat Arsenal 1–0 in San Luis and won the cup.
Garden River, Alberta
Garden River, also known as Garden Creek (Cree: ᓂᐦᑖᐏᑭᐦᒋᑫᐤ ᓰᐲᓯᐢ, nihtâwikihcikêw sîpîsis), is an unincorporated community in northern Alberta, Canada, within Wood Buffalo National Park. It is on the north shore of the Peace River at the terminus of Garden River Road, an extension of Highway 58, approximately 190 kilometres (120 mi) east of the town of High Level. It is a First Nations community of the Little Red River Cree Nation.

Cree language
Cree (/kriː/ KREE; also known as Cree–Montagnais–Naskapi) is a dialect continuum of Algonquian languages spoken by approximately 86,475 people across Canada in 2021, from the Northwest Territories to Alberta to Labrador. If considered one language, it is the aboriginal language with the highest number of speakers in Canada. The only region where Cree has any official status is in the Northwest Territories, alongside eight other aboriginal languages. There, Cree is spoken mainly in Fort Smith and Hay River.
Business nationalism
Business nationalism is an economic nationalist ideology primarily held by a sector of the political right in the United States.

Business nationalists are conservative business and industrial leaders who favor a protectionist trade policy and an isolationist foreign policy. They are often locked in a power struggle with corporate international interests. To build a broader base of support in the middle class and working class, business nationalists frequently employ populist rhetoric and anti-elitist rhetoric.

Historically, this movement has been a primary source in the U.S. for the emergence of radical anti-communism and union busting. In a broader context, certain sectors of business nationalism, most notably the leadership of the Nazi Party in Germany and Fascism in general, have promoted the Red Scares, nativism, and allegations of Jewish banking conspiracies.

1996 Reform Party presidential primaries
The Reform Party of the United States of America (RPUSA) was founded in 1995 by Ross Perot. Because the party had just recently been formed, the traditional system of presidential primaries in use by the Republican and Democratic parties was not considered practical for the Reform Party to use for its presidential primary in 1996. Instead, a national primary was held through the mail in which Reform Party supporters voted for a number of candidates, while ballot efforts were concentrated entirely towards the general election.
Ernst Reiss
Ernst Reiss (24 February 1920 – 3 August 2010) was a Swiss mountaineer who made the first ascent of Lhotse, the world's 4th-highest mountain, in 1956.

On 18 May 1956, Reiss and Fritz Luchsinger successfully climbed the Lhotse, the 4th highest mountain on earth at 8,516-metre (27,940 ft). Lhotse is connected to Mount Everest via the South Col on the border of Tibet and Nepal, which Reiss and Jürg Marmet made the second ever ascent five days later (after the 1953 British Expedition).

Reiss was a member of the 1956 Swiss Everest–Lhotse expedition. At the end of April and start of May, the expedition erected some high camps. From the last high camp at the "Geneva Spur" on 18 May, Luchsinger and Reiss climbed the summit of Lhotse. Their colleagues Ernst Schmied and Jürg Marmet were successful on 23 May and one day later Dölf Reist and Hansruedi von Gunten made the second and third climb on Mount Everest.

Reiss died in Basel, Switzerland, on 3 August 2010, aged 90.

Ernst Schmied
Ernst Schmied (1924 in Bern, Switzerland - 22 March 2002) was a Swiss Mountaineer. He is best known for achieving the second successful summit of Mount Everest, on 23 May 1956, as part of the 1956 Swiss Expedition to Everest and Lhotse.

Prior to the 1956 expedition, Schmied had built a reputation for being capable on both "stiff rock climbs" and "great ice ascents".
CBS Studio Building
The CBS Studio Building is a seven-story office building at 49 East 52nd Street in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It has had various uses at different times, including serving as a Vanderbilt family guest house, the first graduate school of the Juilliard School, CBS Radio studios, and Columbia Records studio.

It is currently owned by the Fisher Brothers, who converted it to an office building in conjunction with construction of the 45-story Park Avenue Plaza to its east.

52nd Street (Manhattan)
52nd Street is a 1.9-mile-long (3.1 km) one-way street traveling west to east across Midtown Manhattan, New York City, United States. A short section of it was known as the city's center of jazz performance from the 1930s to the 1950s.
1966 Wyoming gubernatorial election
The 1966 Wyoming gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 1966. Incumbent Republican Governor Clifford Hansen declined to seek a second term, instead opting to run for the U.S. Senate. Stanley Hathaway, the former Goshen County Prosecuting Attorney, won the Republican primary, and faced attorney Ernest Wilkerson, the Democratic nominee, in the general election. Despite the unfavorable national environment for Democratic candidates, Wilkerson was able to improve on Democrats' performance from the 1962 election, but not enough to defeat Hathaway, who won the election by a decisive margin.

1962 Wyoming gubernatorial election
The 1962 Wyoming gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1962. Incumbent Democratic Governor Jack R. Gage, who ascended to the governorship after his predecessor, John J. Hickey, appointed himself to the U.S. Senate in 1961, ran for re-election. After beating back a strong challenge from former Secretary of State William M. Jack in the Democratic primary, he then faced Republican nominee Clifford Hansen, the President of the University of Wyoming Board of Trustees and a former Teton County Commissioner.

1962 proved poor for Wyoming Democrats, as Hansen handily defeated Gage and as incumbent John Hickey lost in the concurrent U.S. Senate special election by former Governor Milward Simpson. This is the last Wyoming gubernatorial election where the incumbent was defeated.
Varanasi South Assembly constituency
Varanasi South is a constituency of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly covering the city of Varanasi South in the Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh, India.

Varanasi South is one of five assembly constituencies in the Varanasi Lok Sabha constituency. Since 2008, this assembly constituency is numbered 389 amongst 403 constituencies.

2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
The election to the 17th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly was held from 11 February to 8 March 2017 in 7 phases. This election saw a voter turnout of 61.11% compared to 59.40% in the previous election. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won a landslide victory of 325 seats despite not projecting a chief ministerial candidate before the election. As part of its election strategy, BJP contested under a collective leadership and capitalised mostly on the political clout and 'brand' of its leader Narendra Modi.

On 18 March 2017, Yogi Adityanath was appointed as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh. Then Uttar Pradesh BJP chief Keshav Prasad Maurya and Dinesh Sharma were appointed as Deputy Chief Ministers.
Italian Expeditionary Corps in China
The Italian Expeditionary Corps in China (Italian: Corpo di spedizione italiano in Cina) was an expeditionary force the Kingdom of Italy sent to China in the summer of 1900 to assist in the efforts of the Eight-Nation Alliance to put down the Boxer Rebellion. It began to return to Italy in 1901, but some of its elements operated in China until 1905. The Italian participation in the campaign against the Boxers allowed Italy to obtain the Italian concession of Tientsin in 1901.

San Marco Marine Brigade
The "San Marco" Marine Brigade (Italian: Brigata Marina "San Marco") is an amphibious formation of the Italian Navy, has been brigade since 2013 but the amphibious corps existed since 1915, reorganizing the Navy Landing Force. It has its command in Brindisi. They are the marines of the Italian Navy.

It is a joint formation, framed within the amphibious projection force, whose commander is the same admiral who serves as commander of the San Marco Brigade.
Eusebio Rodríguez Salas
Eusebio Rodríguez Salas was a Spaniard known for being the Commissar-General of the police forces of Catalonia (aka PSUC Councilor for Public Order in the Generalitat) who played a central role in the ignition of the Barcelona May Days.

Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
The Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT; lit. 'National Confederation of Labor') is a Spanish anarcho-syndicalist trade union confederation.

Founded in 1910 in Barcelona from groups brought together by the trade union Solidaridad Obrera, it significantly expanded the role of anarchism in Spain, which can be traced to the creation of the Spanish chapter of the IWA in 1870 and its successor organization, the Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region. Despite several decades when the organization was illegal in Spain, the CNT continues to participate in the Spanish worker's movement, focusing its efforts on the principles of workers' self-management, federalism, and mutual aid.

Historically affiliated with the International Workers' Association (AIT), in 2018, the CNT and other unions founded the International Confederation of Labour (ICL-CIT).