hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Pitt Peckham
William Pitt Peckham (October 28, 1836– after 1879 ) was an American businessman from Neenah, Wisconsin who served a single one-year term as a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from Winnebago County.

Administrative divisions of Wisconsin
The administrative divisions of Wisconsin include counties, cities, villages and towns. In Wisconsin, all of these are units of general-purpose local government. There are also a number of special-purpose districts formed to handle regional concerns, such as school districts.

Whether a community is a city, village or town is not strictly dependent on the community's population or area, but on the form of government selected by the residents and approved by the Wisconsin State Legislature. Cities and villages can overlap county boundaries; for example, the city of Whitewater is located in Walworth and Jefferson counties.
Vesiloo
Vesiloo is a small, uninhabited Estonian island in the Baltic Sea. Its coordinates are 58°23′45″N 21°50′35″E﻿ / ﻿58.39583°N 21.84306°E﻿ / 58.39583; 21.84306.

Vesiloo lies just off the northern coast of the island of Vilsandi. The water between the two islands is shallow enough to enable access to each by wading through the sea. It is administered by Saaremaa Municipality, Saare County and is part of the Vilsandi National Park.

Vilsandi
The island of Vilsandi in Saaremaa Parish of Estonia's Saare County is located in the Baltic Sea. It covers an area of some 9 square km and is the westernmost populated island in Estonia. The surrounding waters are shallow and rocky and many ships travelling the Baltic have perished nearby. The island of Vilsandi can be reached by boat, by truck having suitable clearance or on foot by wading from Saaremaa, which is Estonia's largest island. Much of the island is now part of Vilsandi National Park, which grew from a bird reserve founded in 1910.  It is a highly sensitive ecosystem due to the use of the area by many migratory birds as a breeding and nesting ground.  Hunting is absolutely prohibited.  This park is a popular tourist destination not only for local Estonians, but also people of Finland who are visiting Estonia in greater and greater numbers.
100 Greatest of All Time
100 Greatest of All Time was a sports television series of five one-hour episodes, produced and first aired by the Tennis Channel in March 2012. It presented a list of 100 tennis players to be considered the greatest of all time, both men and women. The series was hosted by Jack Nicklaus, Jerry Rice, Wayne Gretzky, Lisa Leslie and Carl Lewis. Many retired tennis luminaries provided commentary, including Rod Laver, Billie Jean King, Chris Evert, Björn Borg, John McEnroe, Martina Navratilova, Pete Sampras, and Andre Agassi.

Wembley Championships
The Wembley Championships was a men's professional tennis tournament held from 1934–1990 with some periods of inactivity in between and is often considered to be one of the three major professional tennis tournaments from 1927–1967 until the advent of the open era. Ken Rosewall's and Rod Laver's six singles titles are the record for this event. The tournament only had a men's draw.

It was first held in 1934 at the Empire Pool at Wembley Park, Wembley, north-west London. In 1968, it was titled the Jack Kramer Tournament of Champions. In 1970 it was the penultimate event on the Grand Prix Tennis Tour.
Pretzel Logic
Pretzel Logic is the third studio album by American rock band Steely Dan, released on February 20, 1974, by ABC Records. It was recorded at the Village Recorder in West Los Angeles, California, with producer Gary Katz. The album was the last to be made and released by the group while it was still an active touring band, as well as the last to feature the band's full quintet lineup of Becker, Fagen, Denny Dias, Jim Hodder, and Jeff "Skunk" Baxter (who subsequently left to join the Doobie Brothers), though it also features significant contributions from many prominent Los Angeles-based studio musicians.

A commercial and critical success, the album's hit single, "Rikki Don't Lose That Number", helped restore Steely Dan's radio presence after the disappointing performance of its previous album. Pretzel Logic was reissued on CD in 1987, and remastered in 1999, to retrospective critical acclaim.

Rob Sheffield
Robert James Sheffield (born February 2, 1966) is an American music journalist and author.

Sheffield is a long-time contributing editor at Rolling Stone, writing about music, TV, and pop culture. Previously, he was a contributing editor at Blender, Spin and Details magazines.
Kingsland Homestead
Kingsland Homestead is an 18th-century house located in Flushing, Queens, New York City. It is the home of the remains of The Weeping Beech, a landmark weeping beech tree, believed to have been planted in 1847. The homestead is also close to the 17th-century Bowne House, the location of the first Quaker meeting place in New Amsterdam. The homestead is operated by the Queens Historical Society, whose quarters are inside; the homestead is open to the public as a museum. The Kingsland Homestead is a member of the Historic House Trust, and is both a New York City designated landmark and a National Register of Historic Places listing.

Historic House Trust
The Historic House Trust of New York City was formed in 1989 as a public-private partnership with the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation to preserve the historic houses located within New York City parks, although most of the houses were not originally city-owned. The Trust works with the individual houses to restore and promote the houses as a means of educating residents and visitors about the social, economic and political history of New York City and cast urban history in a new light. The Trust includes 23 historic sites, with 18 operating as museums and attracting 729,000 annual visitors.
Jawai Bandh Leopard Conservation Reserve
Jawai Bandh Leopard Conservation Reserve is a protected conservation reserve located in the Sumerpur tehsil of Pali district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Covering an area of 19.79 km2 (7.64 sq mi), it was formally notified on 23 February 2010 to safeguard the region’s unique cave-dwelling leopard population.

Pali district
Pali district is a district in Rajasthan, India. The city of Pali is its administrative headquarters.
Pali is also known as the Industrial/Textile City and has been a hub for merchant activities for centuries. It has a rich heritage and culture, including beautiful Jain temples and other elaborate monuments.
NGC 4981
NGC 4981 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Virgo. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 2,002±23 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 96.3 ± 6.8 Mly (29.54 ± 2.09 Mpc). However, 20 non-redshift measurements give a closer distance of 72.99 ± 2.10 Mly (22.380 ± 0.645 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 17 April 1784.

NGC 4981 is a LINER galaxy, i.e. a galaxy whose nucleus has an emission spectrum characterized by broad lines of weakly ionized atoms.

Low-ionization nuclear emission-line region
A low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER) is a type of galactic nucleus that is defined by its spectral line emission.  The spectra typically include line emission from weakly ionized or neutral atoms, such as O, O+, N+, and S+.  Conversely, the spectral line emission from strongly ionized atoms, such as O++, Ne++, and He+, is relatively weak.  The class of galactic nuclei was first identified by Timothy Heckman in the third of a series of papers on the spectra of galactic nuclei that were published in 1980.
Naj Tunich
Naj Tunich (Mopan Maya: [nah tunit͡ʃ] "stone house, cave") is a series of pre-Columbian era natural caves outside the village of La Compuerta, roughly 35 km east of Poptún in Guatemala. The site was a Maya ritual pilgrimage site during the Classic period.  Artifacts show that the cave was accessed primarily during the Early Classic period. Deposits become rarer during the Late Classic period. The fame of the cave, however, rests on its long Late Classic (c. AD 600 – c. 900) hieroglyphic texts as well as on a considerable number painted scenes and figures.

In 2012, the caves were added to the Tentative Lists as a potential UNESCO World Heritage Site. By that time, they were already a National Monument of Guatemala.

Mopan language
Mopan (or Mopan Maya) is a language that belongs to the Yucatecan branch of the Mayan languages. It is spoken by the Mopan people who live in the Petén Department of Guatemala and in the Maya Mountains region of Belize. There are between three and four thousand Mopan speakers in Guatemala and six to eight thousand in Belize.

The other Yucatecan languages are Yucatec, Lacandon, and Itzaʼ. Mopan began to diverge from the other Yucatecan languages at least one thousand years ago.
2017 Rugby League World Cup inter-group matches
The 2017 Rugby League World Cup inter-group matches were three matches played between teams in Group C and Group D of the 2017 Rugby League World Cup. Both groups C and D have only 3 teams in comparison to Group A and Group B, so in order for all teams to play 3 matches, teams across the two groups played each other.

2017 Rugby League World Cup Group C
2017 Rugby League World Cup Group C was one of four groups in the 2017 Rugby League World Cup. The group comprised Papua New Guinea, Wales and Ireland. Papua New Guinea topped the group and therefore qualified for the 2017 Rugby League World Cup knockout stage.
Muneshine
Rob Bakker, better known by his stage name Muneshine, is a Canadian recording artist, record producer, DJ and mix engineer and performer. Since 2005, Muneshine has released three major label projects in Japan, and contributed production and vocal appearances on more. His sales in this territory exceed 40,000 units His first release (Phocus – A Vision and a Plan) debuted on HMV Japan's hip hop charts at No. 8. Since then, Muneshine has collaborated with a number of popular American hip hop musicians, including Pete Rock, Sean Price, DJ Spinna, Buckwild, Guilty Simpson, Nature, and Rob Swift.

Sean Price
Sean Duval Price (March 17, 1972 – August 8, 2015) was an American rapper and member of the hip hop collective Boot Camp Clik. He was one half of the duo Heltah Skeltah, performing under the name Ruck, along with partner Rock.
United States Post Office (Iowa Falls, Iowa)
The United States Post Office is a historic building located in downtown Iowa Falls, Iowa, United States. Built in 1914, the structure was designed in the Neoclassical style, with Oscar Wenderoth as the supervising architect. The 1893 Colombian Exposition in Chicago was a major influence in the building's design. The foundation is composed of North Carolina granite, while the walls are dark red brick that is laid in an English cross bond. The main entrance is framed by a portico that is held up by four columns of the Doric order. The interior features woodwork of white oak, a marble-terrazo floor, and a vaulted ceiling. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Iowa Falls, Iowa
Iowa Falls is a city in Hardin County, Iowa, United States. Iowa Falls is the home of Ellsworth Community College. It is also a regional transportation center, located along U.S. Routes 20 and 65 and the Canadian National and Union Pacific Railroads. The population was 5,106 at the time of the 2020 census.
Chichawatni Tehsil
Chichawatni Tehsil (Punjabi: تحصیل چیچا وطنی, Urdu: تحصیل چِیچہ وطنى) is a tehsil of Sahiwal District in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

The tehsil has an area of 1,602 km2 and Chichawatni is its capital city. It is subdivided into 37 Union Councils, three of which form the capital city.

The tehsil contains five towns, these are: Chichawatni, Kassowal, Ghaziabad, Iqbal Nagar, Chak:34/12-L, Chak 42/12.L, Chak:168/9-L, Chak:49/12-L, Chak 114/12L, Chak:43/12_L, Chak 44/12_L(Almaa Waali), Chak 17/11-L.

Sahiwal District
Sahiwal District (Punjabi and Urdu: ضِلع ساہِيوال), formerly known as Montgomery District, is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

In 1998, it had a population of 1,843,194 people, of which 16.27% resided in urban areas. Since 2008, Sahiwal District, Okara District, and Pakpattan District have comprised the Sahiwal Division. The city of Sahiwal is the administrative headquarter of the district and the division.
Chiloglanis voltae
Chiloglanis voltae  is a species of upside-down catfish native to Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Nigeria and Togo, where it occurs in the Volta and Bénoué River systems.  This species grows to a length of 2.7 centimetres (1.1 in) TL.

Mochokidae
The Mochokidae are a family of catfishes (order Siluriformes) that are known as the squeakers or upside-down catfish (although not all species swim upside-down). Nine genera and about 200 species of mochokids ae described. All the mochokids are freshwater species originating from Africa.

They have three pairs of barbels, with the nasal barbels absent; sometimes, the mandibular barbels may be branched. The lips are modified into a suckermouth in Atopochilus, Chiloglanis, and Euchilichthys. The adipose fin is usually very long. The dorsal and pectoral fins have spines that are usually strong and with a locking mechanism. They range in size up to 72 cm (28 in) standard length. This group contains many popular species among aquarists, such as Synodontis nigriventris, Synodontis angelicus, and Synodontis multipunctatus.
Phthalein dye
Phthalein dyes are a class of dyes mainly used as pH indicators, due to their ability to change colors depending on pH.  They are formed by the reaction of phthalic anhydride with various phenols. They are a subclass of triarylmethane dyes.

Common phthalein dyes include:

Bromothymol blue

Bromocresol green

Bromocresol purple

Cresol Red

o-Cresolphthalein

Chlorophenol red

Dixylenolphthalein

Guaiacolphthalein

α-Naphtholphthalein

Phenolphthalein

Phenolsulfonphthalein

Tetrabromophenolphthalein

Thymol blue

Thymolphthalein

Xylenolphthalein

Bromocresol purple
Bromocresol purple (BCP) or 5′,5″-dibromo-o-cresolsulfophthalein, is a dye of the triphenylmethane family (triarylmethane dyes) and a pH indicator. It is colored yellow below pH 5.2, and violet above pH 6.8. In its cyclic sulfonate ester form, it has a pKa value of 6.3, and is usually prepared as a 0.04% aqueous solution.
New Zealand falcon
The New Zealand falcon (Māori: kārearea, kārewarewa, or kāiaia; Falco novaeseelandiae) is New Zealand's only falcon, and one of only four living native and two endemic birds of prey. It is frequently mistaken for the larger and more common swamp harrier. It is the country's most threatened bird of prey, with only around 5000–15000 individuals remaining. Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System the falcon is stable at Threatened, with conservation research needed. The kārearea was voted Bird of the Year winner in the annual Forest & Bird competition in 2012 and again in 2025.

Styphelia nesophila
Styphelia nesophila, commonly known as sharp beard-heath, is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae and is native to south-eastern Australia and New Zealand, where it is known as pātōtara, or dwarf mingimingi. It is a prickly, prostrate to trailing or low-growing shrub with egg-shaped leaves, and erect, tube-shaped white flowers usually arranged singly in leaf axils.
Baripada
Baripada (bāripadā) is a city and a municipality in Mayurbhanj district in the state of Odisha, India. Located along the east bank of the Budhabalanga river, Baripada is the cultural centre of north Odisha.

In recent years, it has emerged as an educational hub with the opening of numerous professional colleges.

The city is the headquarters of Mayurbhanj district, Odisha's largest district by area. It houses the office of the District collector, the Superintendent of Police and the Court of the District and Sessions Judge.

Simlipal National Park
Simlipal National Park (ISO: Śimiḷipāḷa Jātīya Udyāna) is a national park and tiger reserve in the Mayurbhanj district in the Indian state of Odisha covering 2,750 km2 (1,060 sq mi). It is part of the Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve, which includes three protected areas, Simlipal Tiger Reserve, Hadgarh Wildlife Sanctuary with 191.06 km2 (73.77 sq mi) and Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary with 272.75 km2 (105.31 sq mi). Simlipal National Park derives its name from the abundance of red silk cotton trees growing in the area.

The park is home to Bengal tiger, Asian elephant, gaur, and chausingha. Its tiger population has a notably high occurrence of pseudo-melanism as a result of inbreeding, making it the subject of genetic study and conservation efforts.

This protected area is part of the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves since 2009.
Shoal Bay, British Columbia
Shoal Bay was a cannery town in the Discovery Islands region of the South Coast of British Columbia in Canada, located on the northeast side of East Thurlow Island, at the bay of the same name.

Once the largest town (1895-1900) on the western coast of Canada, Shoal Bay was a hub for mining and forestry. Gold was mined in the hillsides above the town and the surrounding areas. When mining slowed in the early 20th century there was a shift towards timber and fishing. Shoal bay survived as a small town supporting a school and market until the 1950s when the school closed and families moved to more developed communities such as Campbell River.

Today, Shoal Bay exists only as a small resort, offering moorage at the government wharf, a small pub/cafe, and accommodation.

Discovery Islands
The Discovery Islands are a group of islands located at the northern end of the Salish Sea and the eastern end of Johnstone Strait, between Vancouver Island and the mainland coast of British Columbia, Canada.

Most of these islands have very few residents. Only Quadra Island and Cortes Island have ferry service. The remainder are served by private boat or float plane.
John J. Phelan
John Joseph Phelan (June 24, 1851 – November 6, 1936) was an American politician who served Secretary of the State of Connecticut, coroner of Fairfield County, Connecticut, and was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives. He was also the second Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus
The Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus (more simply referred to as the Supreme Knight) is the title of the chairman of the board and chief executive officer of the Knights of Columbus. The organization comprises approximately 1.9 million members in more than 15,000 councils and operates an insurance company with over $109 billion of life insurance in force, as of 2020.

Since its founding in 1882, there have been 14 Supreme Knights. Patrick E. Kelly is the Supreme Knight incumbent, holding this position since March 1, 2021.
Alternativity
In abstract algebra, alternativity is a property of a binary operation.  A magma G is said to be left alternative if  for all  and right alternative if  for all . A magma that is both left and right alternative is said to be alternative.

Any associative magma (that is, a semigroup) is alternative. More generally, a magma in which every pair of elements generates an associative submagma must be alternative. The converse, however, is not true, in contrast to the situation in alternative algebras.

Octonion
In mathematics, the octonions are a normed division algebra over the real numbers, a kind of hypercomplex number system. The octonions are usually represented by the capital letter O, using boldface O or blackboard bold . Octonions have eight dimensions; twice the number of dimensions of the quaternions, of which they are an extension. They are noncommutative and nonassociative, but satisfy a weaker form of associativity; namely, they are alternative. They are also power associative.

Octonions are not as well known as the quaternions and complex numbers, which are much more widely studied and used. Octonions are related to exceptional structures in mathematics, among them the exceptional Lie groups. Octonions have applications in fields such as string theory, special relativity and quantum logic. Applying the Cayley–Dickson construction to the octonions produces the sedenions.
2014 Campeonato Amazonense
The 2014 Campeonato Amazonense de Futebol was the 98th season of Amazonas' top professional football league. The competition began on February 1, and ended on May 24. Nacional won the championship by the 42nd time, while Holanda and Sul América were relegated.

Campeonato Amazonense
The Campeonato Amazonense de Futebol, also commonly known as the Barezão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of Amazonas. It is run by the Amazonas Football Federation (FAF).
HP Spectre
HP Spectre is a discontinued line of premium portable computers from HP Inc. (formerly Hewlett-Packard). Beginning as a high-end version of the HP Envy line in 2012, it became HP's flagship line of laptop products for consumers as of 2015.

As of 2024, the Spectre line has been phased out in favor of the AI-powered OmniBook series (a consumer-oriented revival of an old Hewlett-Packard brand of the same name that was originally defunct after the 2002 merger with Compaq) due to a corporate brand streamlining that happened that year. All remaining Spectre models were sold up until July 2025, when they were replaced by the OmniBook Ultra series.

HP Inc.
HP Inc. is an American multinational information technology company with its headquarters in Palo Alto, California, that develops personal computers (PCs), printers and related supplies, as well as 3D printing services. It is the world's second-largest personal computer vendor by unit sales after Lenovo and ahead of Dell as of 2024.

HP Inc. was founded in 2015 when the original Hewlett-Packard Company split into two companies. The old company's enterprise product and business services divisions were spun-off into a new publicly traded company, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, while Hewlett-Packard itself was renamed as HP Inc. and retained the personal computer and printer services divisions of its predecessor, serving as the legal successor of the original company that was founded in 1939. HP is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the S&P 500 Index. In the 2023 Fortune 500 list, HP is ranked 63rd-largest United States corporation by total revenue.
Princess Augusta of Schleswig-Holstein
Princess Marie Karoline Auguste Ida Luise of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (1844-1932) was a German princess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. Augusta was the oldest child and daughter of Friedrich, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Princess Adelheid of Schaumburg-Lippe; a niece of Christian IX of Denmark and a cousin of Queen Alexandra of United Kingdom, Frederik VIII of Denmark and George I of Greece.

She married Prince William of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld in 1884, becoming his fourth wife.

House of Glücksburg
The House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, also known by its short name as the House of Glücksburg, is the senior surviving branch of the German House of Oldenburg, one of Europe's oldest royal houses. Oldenburg house members have reigned at various times in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland, Greece, several northern German states, and Russia. It takes its name from the family seat in Glücksburg, a small town in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

Current monarchs King Charles III and King Harald V, former monarch Queen Margrethe II and former consorts Queen Anne-Marie of Greece and Queen Sofia of Spain are patrilineal members of cadet branches of the House of Glücksburg.

The present senior member of the House of Oldenburg and the House of Glücksburg and traditional heir to the family's ancestral lands, including Glücksburg itself, is Friedrich Ferdinand, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein (born 1985), who heads the foundation that owns the family's ancestral seat, Glücksburg Castle.