hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rempart Mountain
Rempart Mountain is a mountain near Tamarin in the Rivière Noire District, western Mauritius. Rempart Mountain is the fourth-highest peak in Mauritius, after Le Pouce.

It is notable for its prominence, which is due to its three distinct peaks. The westernmost peak, known as Big Gorilla Peak or Fist Ridge, reaches a height of 772 metres (2,533 ft). The middle peak, Montagne Kasé, is slightly taller than the Trois Mamelles (Three Breasts), which stand at around 600 metres (2,000 ft). The easternmost peak, the original Rempart, is the shortest at 545 metres (1,788 ft).

The mountain itself is composed of weathered rock. It is considered a challenging climb. While a climbing ladder that once existed has been removed, the mountain remains on private property. Ascents require permission and are best undertaken with a guide. Despite these restrictions, trespassing for climbing purposes is not uncommon.

Rivière Noire District
Rivière Noire (Mauritian Creole pronunciation: [ʁivjɛː nwɑː]) or Black River ([blak ɹivə]) is a district on the western side of the island of Mauritius. Rivière Noire translates to Black River. This region receives less rainfall than the others. The district has an area of 259 square kilometres (100 sq mi) and the population was estimated to be 80,939 as of 31 December 2015. It is the third largest district of Mauritius in area, but the smallest in terms of population. The district is mostly rural, but it also include the western part of the city of Port Louis and western part of Quatre Bornes.
Coccus hesperidum
Coccus hesperidum is a soft scale insect in the family Coccidae with a wide host range. It is commonly known as brown soft scale. It has a cosmopolitan distribution and feeds on many different host plants. It is an agricultural pest, particularly of citrus and commercial greenhouse crops.

Coccidae
Coccidae, from Ancient Greek κόκκος (kókkos), meaning "kernel" or "Kermes", are a family of scale insects belonging to the superfamily Coccoidea. They are commonly known as soft scales, wax scales or tortoise scales. The females are flat with elongated oval bodies and a smooth integument which may be covered with wax. In some genera they possess legs but in others, they do not, and the antennae may be shortened or missing. The males may be winged or wingless.
Palm Springs AIDS Memorial
The Palm Springs AIDS Memorial is a proposed AIDS memorial sculpture, slated for installation in Palm Springs, California.

In the fall of 2021, the City of Palm Springs accepted a proposal to install an AIDS Memorial in the Downtown Park at Belardo Road and Museum Way, near the Forever Marilyn statue. Artist Phillip K. Smith III will create the memorial pro bono. As of June 2024, the memorial is being redesigned from the initial concept, which was an abstract design of a round limestone 9 ft (2.7 m) high with concentric circles and a hole in the center.

Forever Marilyn
Forever Marilyn is a giant statue of Marilyn Monroe designed by Seward Johnson. The statue is a representation of the image of Monroe taken from Billy Wilder's 1955 film The Seven Year Itch. Created in 2011, the statue has been displayed in a variety of locations in the United States, as well as in Australia.
28th Singapore International Film Festival
The 28th annual Singapore International Film Festival took place from 23 November to 3 December 2017 in Singapore. The festival opened with Vivian Qu's thriller film Angels Wear White.

Drama film Disappearance won the festival's main award Silver Screen Award for Best Asian Film. The Honorary Award was presented to the Indonesian filmmaker Garin Nugroho. Japanese actor Koji Yakusho received the Cinema Legend Award.

Singapore International Film Festival
The Singapore International Film Festival (SGIFF) (Chinese: 新加坡国际电影节) is the longest-running film festival in Singapore, founded in 1987.

The 36th Singapore International Film Festival took place from 26 November to 7 December 2025.
Nankin Bantam
The Nankin Bantam or Nankin is a British breed of bantam chicken. It is a true bantam, a naturally small breed with no large counterpart from which it was miniaturised. It is of South-east Asian origin, and is among the oldest bantam breeds. It is a yellowish buff colour, and the name is thought to derive from the colour of nankeen cotton from China.

Bantam (poultry)
A bantam is any small variety of fowl, usually of chicken or duck. Most large chicken breeds and several breeds of duck have a bantam counterpart, which is much smaller than the standard-sized fowl, but otherwise similar in most or all respects. A true bantam chicken is naturally small and has no large counterpart.
Lake Shaftsbury State Park
Lake Shaftsbury State Park is an 84-acre state park around Lake Shaftsbury in Shaftsbury, Vermont.

Activities includes swimming, non-motorized boating, fishing, picnicking, hiking, wildlife watching, camping and winter sports.

Facilities include non-motorized boat rentals, a snack bar, beach, restroom, play area and picnic area. There is a large open pavilion with electricity, grills, tables and chairs. Camping facilities include a fully furnished waterfront cottage that sleeps six, with deck and grill, and a group camping area with clusters of lean-tos. Port-a-let facilities are available. The park is located in Arlington State Forest.

Arlington State Forest
Arlington State Forest covers 225 acres (0.91 km2)  in Arlington, Vermont in Bennington County. The forest is managed by the Vermont Department of Forests, Parks, and Recreation for timber resources and wildlife habitat.
Phonological history of Catalan
As a member of the dialect continuum of Romance languages, Catalan (including Valencian) displays linguistic features similar to those of its closest neighbors (Occitan, Aragonese). The following features represent in some cases unique changes in the evolution of Catalan from Vulgar Latin; other features are common in other Romance-speaking areas.

Consonant voicing and devoicing
In phonology, voicing (or sonorization) is a sound change where a voiceless consonant becomes voiced due to the influence of its phonological environment; shift in the opposite direction is referred to as devoicing or surdization. Most commonly, the change is a result of sound assimilation with an adjacent sound of opposite voicing, but it can also occur word-finally or in contact with a specific vowel.

For example, the English suffix -s is pronounced [s] when it follows a voiceless phoneme (cats), and [z] when it follows a voiced phoneme (dogs). This type of assimilation is called progressive, where the second consonant assimilates to the first; regressive assimilation goes in the opposite direction, as can be seen in have to [hæftə].
Australian cyclists at the Tour de France
Australian cyclists have ridden in the Tour de France since 1914. In the 1980s, Phil Anderson became the first Australian cyclist to win a stage and wear the yellow jersey. Cadel Evans has been the only Australian cyclist to win the yellow jersey by winning the 2011 Tour de France.

Neil Stephens
Neil Stephens OAM ASM (born 1 October 1963 in Canberra) is an Australian former road bicycle racer. He won the Australian national road race title in 1991 and 1994. As of 2024 he is a sports director at Team Bahrain Victorious.

He is a Tour de France stage winner and is one of the relatively few riders to have completed the three Grand Tours (Giro d'Italia, Tour de France and Vuelta a España) in a calendar year, as well as being the first Australian to complete the feat. He was involved in the Festina doping scandal in 1998 Tour de France. He claimed that he took EPO but believed he was taking vitamin supplements intravenously. In late 2007, Caisse d'Epargne announced that Neil Stephens would be the team's new sport director.

Stephens was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) in the 1996 Australia Day Honours for his service to cycling and the Australian Sports Medal in September 2000 in recognition of his Tour de France stage win.
Jonah (2019 miniseries)
Jonah is a 2019 biographical two-part miniseries that chronicles the life, career and death of former All Blacks winger, Jonah Lomu, especially revolving around 1994-1996, the rapid rise and fall of his rugby career. It is directed by Danny Mulherson, and stars Tongan-Kiwi actor Mosese Veaila as the protagonist, Craig Hall as former All Blacks team doctor, Dr. John Mayhew, and Kelson Henderson as Phil Kingsley Jones, Lomu's former manager. It aired on TV Three on August 18 and 19, 2019, and is also available On Demand for one year. It is the first feature-film-length miniseries to feature Tongan dialogues.

Sean Fitzpatrick
Sean Brian Thomas Fitzpatrick (born 4 June 1963) is a New Zealand former rugby union player.

He played for the dominant Auckland team in the late 1980s and 1990s, and won the first two Super 12 titles with the Auckland Blues in 1996 and 1997.

He made his debut for the New Zealand national team (the All Blacks) in 1986, and went on to win 92 international caps. He was part of the New Zealand side that won the first Rugby World Cup in 1987. He captained New Zealand from 1992 until his retirement in 1997, winning a grim test series against the British Lions in 1993, reaching and losing the 1995 World Cup final, and winning a series in South Africa in 1996.
2024 Challenger Temuco
The 2024 Challenger Temuco was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Temuco, Chile between 25 November and 1 December 2024.

2024 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2024 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2024 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 207 tournaments with prize money ranging from $41,000 up to $225,500. It was the 47th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 16th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Boston Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge
The Boston Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (est. 1829) in Boston, Massachusetts, was founded "to promote and direct popular education by lectures and other means." Modelled after the recently formed Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge in London, the Boston group's officers included Daniel Webster, Nathan Hale, Jacob Bigelow, William Ellery Channing, Edward Everett, Nathaniel L. Frothingham, and Abbott Lawrence. The society published the American Library of Useful Knowledge, a series of scholarly works by British and American authors. Public lectures on a variety of topics were held at Boston's Masonic Temple, and other venues.

William Ellery Channing
William Ellery Channing (April 7, 1780 – October 2, 1842) was the foremost Unitarian preacher in the United States in the early nineteenth century and, along with Andrews Norton (1786–1853), one of Unitarianism's leading theologians. Channing was known for his articulate and impassioned sermons and public speeches, and as a prominent thinker in the liberal theology of the day. His religion and thought were among the chief influences on the New England Transcendentalists although he never countenanced their views, which he saw as extreme. His espousal of the developing philosophy and theology of Unitarianism was displayed especially in his "Baltimore Sermon" of May 5, 1819, given at the ordination of the theologian and educator Jared Sparks (1789–1866) as the first minister of the newly organized First Independent Church of Baltimore.
Penco
Penco (Mapudungun: See (Pen), Water (Ko)), is a Chilean city and commune in Concepción Province, Bío Bío Region on the Bay of Concepción. Founded as the city of Concepción del Nuevo Extremo (lit. 'Beginning of the New Extreme') on February 12, 1550, by Pedro de Valdivia, it is the third oldest city in Chile, after capital Santiago founded first in 1541 and La Serena second in 1544.

As there may be confusion between the demonyms of the inhabitants of Concepción and Penco, due to the previous location of Concepción, inhabitants of that city are called penquistas while inhabitants of Penco are known as pencones.

La Serena, Chile
La Serena (Spanish pronunciation: [la seˈɾena]) is a city and commune in northern Chile, capital of the Coquimbo Region. Founded in 1544, it is the country's second oldest city after the national capital, Santiago. As of 2012, it had a communal population of roughly 200,000, and was one of the fastest-growing areas of Chile.

The city is an important tourist destination for Chileans and Argentines, especially during the summer, where people go to visit the beaches. It is the headquarters of the University of La Serena and also is home to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of La Serena, one of five Catholic Archdioceses of the Catholic Church in Chile.
1950 Netherlands Antilles general election
General elections were held in the Netherlands Antilles on 21 December 1950. These snap elections were necessary because in the 'Interimregeling' the number of seats and the divisions of the seats in the Estates of the Netherlands Antilles was changed.

The 22 seats in the Estates of the Netherlands Antilles consisted of twelve for Curaçao, eight for Aruba, one for Bonaire and one for the SSS Islands. At the previous elections (1949) the 21 seats consisted of eight for Curaçao, eight for Aruba, two for Bonaire and one for each of the three SSS Islands.

1949 Netherlands Antilles general election
General elections were held in the Netherlands Antilles on 17 March 1949. This was the first parliamentary election in the Netherlands Antilles after the introduction of universal suffrage. At previous elections ten of the fifteen seats in the Estates of Curaçao were elected, with the remaining five appointed by the governor. This time the elections were about 21 seats in the Estates of the Netherlands Antilles and no seats were appointed by the governor. The 21 elected seats consisted of eight for Curaçao, eight for Aruba, two for Bonaire and one for each of the three SSS Islands.
Lister Hospital, Stevenage
The Lister Hospital is an NHS hospital based on the outskirts of Stevenage in Hertfordshire. It is operated by the East and North Hertfordshire Teaching NHS Trust along with the New QEII Hospital in Welwyn Garden City.

Stevenage
Stevenage (/ˈstiːvənɪdʒ/ STEE-vən-ij) is a town and borough in Hertfordshire, England, about 28 miles (45 km) north of London. Stevenage is east of junctions 7 and 8 of the A1(M), between Letchworth Garden City to the north and Welwyn Garden City to the south. In 1946, Stevenage was designated the United Kingdom's first New Town under the New Towns Act. In 2021 it had a population of 94,456.
Private investment in public equity
A private investment in public equity, commonly known as a PIPE deal, involves selling of publicly traded common shares or some form of preferred stock or convertible security to private investors. It is an allocation of shares in a public company not through a public offering in a stock exchange. PIPE deals are part of the primary market. In the U.S., a PIPE offering may be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission on a registration statement or may be completed as an unregistered private placement.

Securities offering
A securities offering (or funding round or investment round) is a discrete round of investment, by which a business or other  raises money to fund operations, expansion, a capital project, an acquisition, or some other business purpose.
Interleukin-4 receptor
The interleukin 4 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor. It is a heterodimer, that is, composed of two subunits. IL4R is the human gene coding for IL-4Rα, the subunit which combines with either common gamma chain (γc, forming the type I IL4 receptor) or with IL-13Rα1 (forming the type II IL4 receptor).

Helper T cell
The T helper cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells, are a type of T cell that play an important role in the adaptive immune system. They aid the activity of other immune cells by releasing cytokines. They are considered essential in B cell antibody class switching, breaking cross-tolerance in dendritic cells, in the activation and growth of cytotoxic T cells, and in maximizing bactericidal activity of phagocytes such as macrophages and neutrophils. CD4+ cells are mature Th cells that express the surface protein CD4. Genetic variation in regulatory elements expressed by CD4+ cells determines susceptibility to a broad class of autoimmune diseases.
Master Series
Master Series is the title of a line of greatest hits albums, released in European countries primarily by PolyGram International, as well as A&M Records, Deram Records, FFRR Records, Mercury Records, and Polydor Records. In addition, some albums were reissued by Universal Music Group under the Universal Masters Collection and Millennium Edition titles.

Mort Shuman
Mortimer Shuman (November 12, 1938 – November 2, 1991) was an American singer, pianist and songwriter, best known as co-writer of many 1960s rock and roll hits, including "Viva Las Vegas". He also wrote and sang many songs in French, such as "Le Lac Majeur", "Papa-Tango-Charly", "Sha Mi Sha", "Un Été de Porcelaine", and "Brooklyn by the Sea" which became hits in France and several other European countries. Shuman wrote over 500 songs, including those for Ben E. King, Elvis Presley, Ray Charles, Andy Williams, and Janis Joplin. He was also responsible for the English-language production of Jacques Brel is Alive and Well and Living in Paris. Shuman was posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1992 and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2010.
AJK Jaguars
The AJK Jaguars (Urdu: آزاد جموں و کشمیر زگوار ) was a Pakistani men's professional Twenty20 cricket team that competed in the Haier T20 League and based in Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. The Jaguars played at the Mirpur Cricket Stadium and was owned by the AJK Regional Cricket Association.

Quaid-e-Azam Stadium
The Quaid-e-Azam Stadium (Urdu: قائدِ اعظم سٹیڈیم; also known as Mirpur Cricket Stadium) is a cricket stadium in sector F/2 Mirpur, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is the home of Azad Jammu and Kashmir cricket team. The stadium has a seating capacity of 16,000, making it the largest stadium in Azad Kashmir.

On 11 July 2008, the Azad Jammu & Kashmir government handed over the Quaid-e-Azam Cricket Stadium to Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) for holding national and international cricket matches. The PCB announced it would install an electrical scoreboard, floodlights and other required facilities for holding international and national one-day matches.
Lady Jewelpet
Lady Jewelpet (Japanese: レディ ジュエルペット, Hepburn: Redi Juerupetto) is a Japanese anime television series animated by Gallop and Zexcs. It is the 6th installment in the Jewelpet anime franchise based on the characters jointly created by Sanrio and Sega Toys. It was written by Natsuko Takahashi (07-Ghost) and directed by Itsuro Kawasaki (Listen to Me, Girls. I Am Your Father!, Rental Magica). Original character designs were done by Arco Wada (Fate/Extra), while the designs for the Jewelpets, like the previous five seasons before it, are done by Tomoko Miyakawa. It aired on all TXN stations in Japan from April 5, 2014, to March 28, 2015, replacing Jewelpet Happiness in its initial time slot. Lady Jewelpet aired as part of the franchise's 5th anniversary on television and is also the only installment to be officially handled by Zexcs.

Gallop (studio)
Gallop Co., Ltd. (株式会社ぎゃろっぷ, Kabushiki Kaisha Gyaroppu), sometimes credited as Studio Gallop (スタジオぎゃろっぷ, Sutajio Gyaroppu), is a Japanese animation studio founded on December 13, 1978, by former Mushi Pro members.
Chase Oliver 2024 presidential campaign
The 2024 presidential campaign of Chase Oliver formally began on April 4, 2023, following the formation of an exploratory committee in December 2022. He officially received the presidential nomination of the Libertarian Party on May 26, 2024. Oliver is a libertarian political activist, as well as a sales account executive, and HR representative. He was the Libertarian nominee in the 2022 United States Senate election in Georgia and the 2020 Georgia's 5th congressional district special election.

Libertarian Party of Colorado
The Libertarian Party of Colorado (LPCO) is the Colorado affiliate of the national Libertarian Party (LP). As of April 2023, elected Libertarians in Colorado include Keenesburg mayor Aron Lam and Craig city councilman Paul James.
Dianthera angusta
Dianthera angusta, the pineland waterwillow, is a flowering plant. It grows in parts of Florida and a few areas of Georgia in habitats near lakes and pond as well as wet pineland and prairie areas. It is in the Acanthaceae family.

It has been placed in both the genus Justicia, and the genus Dianthera. In Georgia, this dicot perennial herb has been located growing in roadside ditches and with Hartwrightia in shallow sloughs and wet savannas.

Justicia (plant)
Justicia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae. It is the largest genus within the family, with over 900 accepted species. They are native to tropical to warm temperate regions of the Americas, India, and Africa. The genus serves as host to many butterfly species, such as Anartia fatima.  Common names include water-willow and shrimp plant, the latter from the inflorescences, which resemble a shrimp in some species. The generic name honours Scottish horticulturist James Justice (1698–1763). They are closely related to Pachystachys.
Pete 'n' Tillie
Pete 'n' Tillie is a 1972 American comedy-drama film directed by Martin Ritt and starring Walter Matthau and Carol Burnett. Its advertising tagline was: "Honeymoon's over. It's time to get married."

At the 45th Academy Awards, screenwriter Julius J. Epstein was nominated for an Oscar for adapting the story from the 1968 novella Witch's Milk by Peter De Vries.  Epstein later adapted another De Vries novel for the film Reuben, Reuben.

Geraldine Page was also nominated (her 5th out of 8 Oscar nominations) for Best Supporting Actress.  The award that year went to Eileen Heckart for Butterflies are Free.

Reuben, Reuben
Reuben, Reuben is a 1983 comedy-drama film directed by Robert Ellis Miller and starring Tom Conti, Kelly McGillis (in her film debut), Roberts Blossom, Cynthia Harris, and Joel Fabiani.

The film was adapted by Julius J. Epstein from the 1967 play Spofford by Herman Shumlin, which in turn was adapted from the 1964 novel Reuben, Reuben by Peter De Vries.

The main character in DeVries's novel was based largely on the Welsh poet Dylan Thomas, who was a compulsive womanizer and lifelong alcoholic, finally succumbing to the effects of alcohol poisoning in November 1953, while on a speaking tour in America.
Timeline of the Joe Biden presidency (2024 Q4–January 2025)
The following is a timeline of the presidency of Joe Biden during the fourth and last quarter of 2024 from October 1 to December 31, 2024 and the first 20 days of 2025 from January 1 to 20, 2025, when Biden left office and was succeeded by Donald Trump. For a complete itinerary of his travels, see List of presidential trips made by Joe Biden (2024–25). To navigate between quarters, see timeline of the Joe Biden presidency.

Timeline of the Joe Biden presidency
Joe Biden, a Democrat from Delaware, was elected President of the United States on November 3, 2020. He was inaugurated on January 20, 2021, as the nation's 46th president, and his presidency ended on January 20, 2025, with the second inauguration of Donald Trump.

The following articles cover the timeline of Joe Biden, and the time leading up to it: