hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025 Vietnamese administrative reform
As part of broader institutional reforms in 2024 and 2025, the Communist Party and Government of Vietnam announced the Plan to Arrange and Merge Administrative Units (Vietnamese: Phương án sắp xếp và sáp nhập đơn vị hành chính, lit. 'Project for [re]organising and merging administrative units'). As part of the re-organisation, the district level of units is to be eliminated and the number of local government units at the provincial and communal levels are to be reduced by around 50%. A constitutional amendment will be required to eliminate the district level of local authorities. It is also considered a transition period to revise the Vietnamese constitution and legal system. On 1 July 2025, Vietnam implemented its most extensive administrative reform in decades, merging 63 provinces and cities down to 34 first-level subdivisions and eliminating the district level entirely.

Constitution of Vietnam
The Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Hiến pháp nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam) is the communist state constitution of Vietnam. It functions as the fundamental and supreme law of the state. The current constitution, commonly known as the 2013 Constitution (Hiến pháp năm 2013), was adopted on November 28, 2013, by the 13th National Assembly of Vietnam and took effect on January 1, 2014, being the third constitution adopted by the Vietnamese state since the political reunification of the country in 1976. It was amended in 2025.
Chain Moraines
The Chain Moraines (77°11′S 160°32′E﻿ / ﻿77.183°S 160.533°E﻿ / -77.183; 160.533) are drifting moraines located 5 kilometres (3 mi) northwest of Skew Peak at the confluent flow of ice from Rim Glacier, Sprocket Glacier, and Mackay Glacier, including the moraines at the west side of Rim Glacier, in Victoria Land. Approved by the New Zealand Geographic Board in 1995, the name alludes to the use of a bicycle as a practical means of transportation by a New Zealand glacial mapping party led by Trevor Chinn, summer season 1992–93, and is part of a theme of cycling names in the area.

Mackay Glacier
Mackay Glacier (76°58′S 162°0′E﻿ / ﻿76.967°S 162.000°E﻿ / -76.967; 162.000) is a large glacier in Victoria Land, descending eastward from the Antarctic Plateau, between the Convoy Range and Clare Range, into the southern part of Granite Harbour. It was discovered by the South magnetic pole party of the British Antarctic Expedition, 1907–09, and named for Alistair Mackay, a member of the party. The glacier's tongue is called Mackay Glacier Tongue. First mapped by the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910–13 and named for Alistair F.
Mackay, a member of the party.
Its mouth is south of the Evans Piedmont Glacier and the Mawson Glacier.
It is north of the Wilson Piedmont Glacier and the Ferrar Glacier.
Patrick Newbigging
Patrick Small Keir Newbigging FRSE FRSSA FRCSE (1813–1864) was a Scottish surgeon and general practitioner. He was President of the Royal Medical Society and of the Royal Scottish Society of Arts. Together with his father, Sir William Newbigging he formed one of the few father-son pairs of former Presidents of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. His observations on the origin of the heart sounds and of the apex beat of the heart made a significant contribution to the debate.

New Town, Edinburgh
The New Town is a central area of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It was built in stages between 1767 and around 1850, and retains much of its original neo-classical and Georgian architecture. Its best-known street is Princes Street, facing Edinburgh Castle and the Old Town across the geological depression of the former Nor Loch. The area's New Town Gardens received a heritage designation in 2001. The combined New Town, Old Town, and West End were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995.
Norse mythology in popular culture
The Norse mythology, preserved ancient Icelandic texts such as the Poetic Edda, the Prose Edda, and other lays and sagas, was little known outside Scandinavia until the 19th century. With the widespread publication of Norse myths and legends at this time, references to the Norse gods and heroes spread into European literary culture, especially in Scandinavia, Germany, and Britain. In the later 20th century, references to Norse mythology became common in science fiction and fantasy literature, role-playing games, and eventually other cultural products such as Japanese animation. Storytelling was an important aspect of Norse mythology and centuries later, with the rediscovery of the myth, Norse mythology once again relies on the impacts of storytelling to spread its agenda.

Baldr
Baldr (Old Norse  also Balder, Baldur) is a god in Germanic mythology. In Norse mythology, he is a son of the god Odin and the goddess Frigg, and has numerous brothers, such as Thor and Váli. In wider Germanic mythology, the god was known in Old English as Bældæġ, and in Old High German as Balder, all ultimately stemming from the Proto-Germanic theonym *Balðraz ('hero' or 'prince').

During the 12th century, Danish accounts by Saxo Grammaticus and other Danish Latin chroniclers recorded a euhemerized account of his story. Compiled in Iceland during the 13th century, but based on older Old Norse poetry, the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda contain numerous references to the death of Baldr as both a great tragedy to the Æsir and a harbinger of Ragnarök.

According to Gylfaginning, a book of Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda, Baldr's wife is Nanna and their son is Forseti. Baldr had the greatest ship ever built, Hringhorni, and there is no place more beautiful than his hall, Breidablik.
Ethnobiology
Ethnobiology is the multidisciplinary field of study of relationships among peoples, biota, and environments integrating  many perspectives, from the social, biological, and medical sciences; along with application to conservation and sustainable development. The diversity of perspectives in ethnobiology allows for examining complex, dynamic interactions between human and natural systems.

Conservation biology
Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and social sciences, and the practice of natural resource management.

The conservation ethic is based on the findings of conservation biology.
969 Leocadia
969 Leocadia (prov. designation: A921 VC or 1921 KZ) is a very dark background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 19 kilometers (12 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 5 November 1921, by Russian astronomer Sergey Belyavsky at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The uncommon F-type asteroid (FX) has a rotation period of 6.9 hours and is likely regular in shape. Any reference of the asteroid's name to a person is unknown.

Sergey Belyavsky
Sergey Ivanovich Belyavsky (Russian: Серге́й Ива́нович Беля́вский; December 7, 1883 (Julian calendar: November 25) – October 13, 1953) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer and a discoverer of 36 numbered minor planets.

His last name is also alternatively spelled Beljavskij (name under which the Minor Planet Center credits him) or Beljawskij. His first name is occasionally given as "Sergius". He was born in St. Petersburg and was a member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. His field of work included astrophotometry, astrometry, and the study of variable stars. He died in Leningrad.

He discovered the bright naked-eye comet C/1911 S3 (Beljawsky), also known according to the nomenclature of the time as "Comet 1911 IV" or "Comet 1911g". Belyavsky observed at Simeiz Observatory (Симеиз) in Crimea. Between 1937 and 1944, Belyavsky was the seventh director of the Pulkovo Observatory, where he succeeded Boris Gerasimovich.
Schwaub, California
Schwaub (also, Schwab)  is a former settlement in Inyo County, California. It was located in the Funeral Mountains of Death Valley 12 miles (19 km) north of Ryan.

In 1905, gold was discovered nearby, and the town was built. The Schwab post office opened and closed in 1907.

The town was named for Charles M. Schwab, and had several saloons, a blacksmith, a boarding house, and a general store. However, the town was taken over by three women who drove out the town's saloons, and as a result, most of Schwab's men, leading to the eventual decline of the town. The Stray Horse mine, which served the workers who lived in Schwab, still stands today, along with several buildings of the town, and items such as cans and shattered glass.

Funeral Mountains
The Funeral Mountains is a short, arid mountain range in the United States along the California-Nevada border approximately 100 mi (160 km) west of Las Vegas. The mountains are considered a subrange of the Amargosa Range that form the eastern wall of Death Valley.

The crest of the range is within Death Valley National Park. The range is separated from the Grapevine Mountains to the northwest by the narrow Boundary Canyon and is separated from the Black Mountains by Furnace Creek Wash on the southwest and from the Greenwater Range at the narrow Travertine Point on the south. The broad flats of the Amargosa Desert lie across the border to the northeast in Nevada. The highest point in the range is Pyramid Peak, at 6703 ft (2043 m).

The first movement of Ferde Grofé's Death Valley Suite is a symphonic musical portrayal of pioneer settlers trudging through the dry craggy peaks of the Funeral Mountains.
Karelia Suite
Karelia Suite, Op. 11 is a subset of pieces from the longer Karelia Music (named after the region of Karelia) written by Jean Sibelius in 1893 for the Viipuri Students' Association and premiered, with Sibelius conducting, at the Imperial Alexander University in Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland, on 23 November of that year. Sibelius first conducted the shorter Suite ten days later; it remains one of his most popular works.

Karelia Music was written in the beginning of Sibelius's compositional career, and the complete Music consists of an Overture, 8 Tableaux, and 2 Intermezzi; it runs for about 44 minutes, whereas the Suite lasts about 12 minutes.

The rough-hewn character of the Music was deliberate – the aesthetic intention was not to dazzle with technique but to capture the quality of naive, folk-based authenticity. Historical comments have noted the nationalistic character of the music.

Vyborg Castle
Vyborg Castle (Russian: Выборгский замок, romanized: Vyborgskiy zamok; Finnish: Viipurin linna; Swedish: Viborgs slott) is a fortress in Vyborg, Russia. It was built by the Swedes during the Middle Ages around which the town of Vyborg evolved. The castle became the stronghold of the Swedish realm in the Karelian region. Throughout the centuries, it was the first defense of the kingdom against the Russians. Its military and strategic status in the late Middle Ages was second only to the fortified capital Stockholm. Currently it serves as the site of Vyborg Regional Museum.
Samoan whistler
The Samoan whistler (Pachycephala flavifrons), also known as the yellow-fronted whistler, is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is endemic to Samoa, where it is found in forest, plantations and gardens.

Australian golden whistler
The Australian golden whistler (Pachycephala pectoralis) or golden whistler, is a species of passerine bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is found in forest, woodland, mallee, mangrove and scrub in Australia (except the interior and most of the north). Most populations are resident, but some in south-eastern Australia migrate north during the winter. Its taxonomy is highly complex and remains a matter of dispute, with some authorities including as many as 59 subspecies of the golden whistler (one of the highest numbers of subspecies in any bird), while others treat several of these as separate species.
Madisonville Town Hall
The Madisonville Town Hall,  at 203 Cedar in Madisonville, Louisiana, was built in 1911. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

It is a vernacular (no style) two-story brick and stone building.  Its concrete first floor has jail cells.  The main (second) floor is reached by an exterior double stairway which is the main architectural feature of the building.  It served as the town hall until 1976.  In 1990 it was serving as the town's police station.

In 2021 it is a museum, the Madisonville Historic Museum, displaying "local Native American history, Civil War history, and history of the families that founded Madisonville."

Madisonville, Louisiana
Madisonville is a town in St. Tammany Parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The population was 748 at the 2010 U.S. census, and 850 at the 2020 U.S. census. It is part of the New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner metropolitan statistical area. The ZIP code is 70447.
Estonian Air Force
The Estonian Air Force (Estonian: Eesti Õhuvägi, [ˈeˑstʲi] ⓘ[ˈɤhuvæki] ⓘ) is the aviation branch of the Estonian Defence Forces. The air force traces its history to 1918, and was re-established in its current form in 1991.

As of 2024, the Estonian Air Force has a strength of ~400 personnel. It operates unarmed aircraft and several radar systems and IRIS-T SLM Air Defence systems. Its main tasks are to provide surveillance of Estonian air space and support the country's ground forces. In addition, the air force hosts units from other NATO countries at its single operational air base.

Air Defence Battalion (Estonia)
The 16th Air Defence Battalion (Estonian: Õhutõrjepataljon; formerly known as the Air Defence Division, Õhutõrjedivisjon) is the Estonian Defence Forces air-defence artillery force which has a supportive military formation role among the Estonian Land Forces. Other units might have an anti-aircraft missile component, but the Air Defence Battalion is a unit dedicated to air-defence and relying on other units for infantry support, especially when defending. The main task of this formation is to provide air-defence protection and light gun support for the infantry brigades operating on the battlefield.
Politics of Ethiopia
The politics of Ethiopia are the activities associated with the governance of Ethiopia. The government is structured as a federal parliamentary republic with both a President and Prime Minister. The legislature is multicameral, with a house of representatives and a council. The term politics of Ethiopia mainly relates to the political activities in Ethiopia after the late 20th century when democratization took place in the nation. The current political structure of Ethiopia was formed after the Tigrayan People's Liberation Front (TPLF) overthrew dictator President Mengistu Haile Mariam in 1991. A general election was held in June 1994 and Ethiopia has maintained a multiparty political environment until today.

Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF; Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ሕዝቦች አብዮታዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ግንባር, romanized: Ye’Ītiyop’iya Ḥizibochi Ābiyotawī Dīmokirasīyawī Ginibari) was an ethnic federalist political coalition in Ethiopia that existed from 1988 to 2019. It consisted of four political parties: Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), Amhara Democratic Party (ADP), Oromo Democratic Party (ODP) and Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (SEPDM). After leading the overthrow of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it dominated Ethiopian politics from 1991 to 2019. In November 2019, the EPRDF was dissolved, and Prime Minister and EPDRF chairman Abiy Ahmed merged three of the constituent parties (not including the TPLF) into his new Prosperity Party, which was officially founded on 1 December 2019.
Juma Mosque of Derbent
The Juma Mosque of Derbent is a Shi'ite Friday mosque and madrasa in the center of Old Derbent in the Republic of Dagestan in present-day Russia. The mosque was constructed by Iranians before the separation of Derbent from Iran as result of Treaty of Gulistan after the Russo-Persian War (Russian: Дербентская Джума-мечеть). Completed c. 734 CE, it is the oldest mosque in Russia and the CIS. Despite its age, the mosque is well-preserved and part of the cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation. The Juma Mosque is part of the Old Derbent UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Congregational mosque
A congregational mosque or Friday mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد جَامِع, romanized: masjid jāmi‘, or simply جَامِع, jāmi‘; Turkish: Cami), or sometimes great mosque or grand mosque (جامع كبير, jāmi‘ kabir; Ulu Cami), is a mosque for hosting the Friday noon prayers known as jumu'ah. It can also host the Eid prayers in situations when there is no musalla or eidgah available nearby to host the prayers. In early Islamic history, the number of congregational mosques in one city was strictly limited. As cities and populations grew over time, it became more common for many mosques to host Friday prayers in the same area. In early centuries, the congregational mosque was also a center of social and public life, hosting various other activities in addition to prayers, such as judicial and educational functions.
Rylstone Shire
Rylstone Shire was a local government area in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia.

Rylstone Shire was proclaimed on 7 March 1906, one of 134 shires created after the passing of the Local Government (Shires) Act 1905.

The shire offices were based in Rylstone. Other urban areas in the shire included Kandos and Charbon.

Rylstone Shire was abolished and its area split on 26 May 2004 with part merged with parts of Coolah Shire, Mudgee Shire and Merriwa Shire to form Mid-Western Regional Council and the balance absorbed by the City of Lithgow.

Coolah Shire
Coolah Shire was a local government area in New South Wales, Australia from 1906 to 1994.

It was established under the Local Government (Shires) Act 1905 with effect from 7 March 1906.

The shire offices were based in the small town of Coolah. The shire also included the towns of Dunedoo, Mendooran and Leadville, as well as the smaller settlements of Cobbora, Merrygoen, Neilrex and Uarbry.

It absorbed part of the abolished Gulgong Shire on 1 January 1957.

It amalgamated with the adjoining Coonabarabran Shire to form Warrumbungle Shire on 25 August 2004.
Tanyuromys
Tanyuromys is a genus of oryzomyine rodents distributed in mountainous areas from Central America to the western part of South America. The species in this genus have historically been placed in Sigmodontomys, but according to cladistic research, this genus is either sister to the clade containing Sigmodontomys and Melanomys or sister to the extinct Caribbean giant rice rat Megalomys. Along with members of Aegialomys and Melanomys, it occurs at some of the highest elevations known for oryzomines.

Two species are known from the genus: T. aphrastus (distributed from Costa Rica to Ecuador) and the recently described T. thomasleei (endemic to Ecuador).

Melanomys
Melanomys is a genus of rodent in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae, which is distributed in northern South America and adjacent Central America. It contains three species, two of which—Melanomys robustulus and Melanomys zunigae—have limited distributions. The third, Melanomys caliginosus, is more widely distributed, but may be a species complex.
Netscape Browser
Netscape Browser (or Netscape 8) is the eighth major release of the Netscape series of web browsers, now all discontinued. It was published by AOL, but developed by Mercurial Communications, and originally released for Windows on May 19, 2005.

Netscape Browser was the first browser of the Netscape series to be based on Mozilla Firefox, as opposed to Netscape versions 6 and 7, which were based on Mozilla Application Suite. Also, Netscape 6 and 7 were Internet suites whereas Netscape Browser (version 8) was solely a web browser.

As with other recent versions, it incorporates support for AOL Instant Messenger and other AOL-related features.

Netscape Browser was succeeded by Netscape Navigator 9, which reverted to the Navigator name.

Tab (interface)
In interface design, a tab is a graphical user interface object that allows multiple documents or panels to be contained within a single window, using tabs as a navigational widget for switching between sets of documents. It is an interface style most commonly associated with web browsers, web applications, text editors, and preference panels, with window managers and tiling window managers.

Tabs are modeled after traditional card tabs inserted in paper files or card indexes (in keeping with the desktop metaphor). They are usually graphically displayed on webpages or apps as they look on paper.

Tabs may appear in a horizontal bar or as a vertical list. Horizontal tabs may have multiple rows. In some cases, tabs may be reordered or organized into multiple rows through drag and drop interactions. Implementations may support opening an existing tab in a separate window or range-selecting multiple tabs for moving, closing, or separating them.
1 33 honeycomb
In 7-dimensional geometry, 133 is a uniform honeycomb, also given by Schläfli symbol {3,33,3}, and is composed of 132 facets. It is also named pentacontahexa-hecatonicosihexa-exic heptacomb and Jonathan Bowers gives it acronym linoh

Coxeter–Dynkin diagram
In geometry, a Coxeter–Dynkin diagram (or Coxeter diagram, Coxeter graph) is a graph with numerically labeled edges (called branches) representing a Coxeter group or sometimes a uniform polytope or uniform tiling constructed from the group.

A class of closely related objects is the Dynkin diagrams, which differ from Coxeter diagrams in two respects: firstly, branches labeled "4" or greater are directed, while Coxeter diagrams are undirected; secondly, Dynkin diagrams must satisfy an additional (crystallographic) restriction, namely that the only allowed branch labels are 2, 3, 4, and 6. Dynkin diagrams correspond to and are used to classify root systems and therefore semisimple Lie algebras.
Symphony No. 17 (Mozart)
Symphony No. 17 in G major, K. 129, is the second of three symphonies completed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in May 1772, when he was 16 years old, but some of its sections may have been written earlier.

G major
G major is a major scale based on G, with the pitches G, A, B, C, D, E, and F♯. Its key signature has one sharp.  Its relative minor is E minor and its parallel minor is G minor.

The G major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The G harmonic major and melodic major scales are:
Federal courts of Brazil
The federal court system of Brazil has all its organs and competences listed and defined in the Brazilian 1988 Constitution. The National Justice Council is an exclusively administrative organ of the federal court system.

National Council of Justice
The National Council of Justice (CNJ) is an administrative and oversight organ of the Brazilian Judiciary created by constitutional amendment in 2004 as a part of judicial reform. Among its responsibilities are ensuring that the judicial system remains autonomous, conducting disciplinary proceedings against members of the Judiciary, and compiling and publishing statistics on the Brazilian court system.  The Council has nationwide jurisdiction over all courts except the Supreme Federal Court, but makes no rulings on cases and does not review judgements of other courts. Its fifteen members are chosen by the Supreme Federal Court for two-year terms.
Conan Byrne
Conan Byrne (born 10 July 1985) is an Irish retired footballer.

Byrne began his career with UCD, with whom he played three seasons. He later spent six seasons with St Patrick's Athletic, three seasons with Sporting Fingal, three seasons with Shelbourne, before ending his career with NIFL Premiership club Glenavon.

2013 League of Ireland Premier Division
The 2013 League of Ireland Premier Division was the 29th season of the League of Ireland Premier Division. The division featured 12 teams. St. Patrick's Athletic were champions, winning their eighth top level League of Ireland title. Dundalk finished as runners-up.