hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nowa Huta
Nowa Huta (pronounced [ˈnɔva ˈxuta], literally "The New Ironworks") is the easternmost district of Kraków, Poland. With more than 200,000 inhabitants, it is one of the most populous areas of the city. Until 1990, the neighbouring districts were considered expansions of the original Nowa Huta district, and were linked by the same tramway system. Today, the district formally known as Nowa Huta has been divided into several smaller districts.

Nowa Huta is one of the largest planned socialist realist settlements or districts ever built (another being Magnitogorsk in Russia) in the entire world.

Built as a utopian ideal city, its street hierarchy, layout and certain grandeur of buildings often resemble Paris or London. The high abundance of parks and green areas in Nowa Huta make it the greenest corner of Kraków.

Postmodern architecture
Postmodern architecture is a style or movement which emerged in the 1960s as a reaction against the austerity, formality, and lack of variety of modern architecture, particularly in the international style championed by Philip Johnson and Henry-Russell Hitchcock. The movement was formally introduced by the architect and urban planner Denise Scott Brown and architectural theorist Robert Venturi in their 1972 book Learning from Las Vegas, building upon Venturi's "gentle manifesto" Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture, published by the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1966.

The style flourished from the 1980s through the 1990s, particularly in the work of Scott Brown & Venturi, Philip Johnson, Charles Moore and Michael Graves. In the late 1990s, it divided into a multitude of new tendencies, including high-tech architecture, neo-futurism, new classical architecture, and deconstructivism. However, some buildings built after this period are still considered postmodern.
David G. Mandelbaum
David Goodman Mandelbaum (August 22, 1911, in Chicago – April 19, 1987) was an American anthropologist.

He majored in anthropology at Northwestern University, studying with Melville J. Herskovits. His major published work dealt with the Plains Cree people of Saskatchewan, Canada and he was well regarded for his study of society in India. He earned his doctorate at Yale University in 1936.

He taught at University of Minnesota (1941–1946), University of California (1946–1978), and was an active professor emeritus at the latter until his death in 1987 from cancer.

Melville J. Herskovits
Melville Jean Herskovits (September 10, 1895 – February 25, 1963) was an American anthropologist who helped to first establish African and African Diaspora studies in American academia. He is known for exploring the cultural continuity from African cultures as expressed in African-American communities. He worked with his wife Frances (Shapiro) Herskovits, also an anthropologist, in the field in South America, the Caribbean and Africa. They jointly wrote several books and monographs.
Sandeidet Moraine
Sandeidet Moraine (71°39′S 12°15′E﻿ / ﻿71.650°S 12.250°E﻿ / -71.650; 12.250) is a moraine covering the surface between Grakammen Ridge and a small rock spur just northwest, in Westliche Petermann Range, Wohlthat Mountains. First plotted from air photos by German Antarctic Expedition, 1938–39. Replotted from air photos and surveys by Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956–60, and named Sandeidet (the sand isthmus).

Westliche Petermann Range
Westliche Petermann Range (German: Westliche Petermannkette, "Western Petermann Range", 71°35′S 12°10′E﻿ / ﻿71.583°S 12.167°E﻿ / -71.583; 12.167) is one of the Petermann Ranges, extending north–south for 16 nautical miles (30 km) from Mount Hansen to Aurdalen Valley, in the Wohlthat Mountains, Queen Maud Land. Discovered and plotted from air photos by German Antarctic Expedition, 1938–39, and so named by them for its western position in the northern part of the Petermann Ranges.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Westliche Petermann Range". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
1989 Virginia Slims of Washington – Singles
Martina Navratilova was the defending champion of the singles title at the Virginia Slims of Washington tennis tournament but did not compete that year.

Graf won in the final 6–1, 7–5 against Zina Garrison.

Virginia Slims of Washington
The Virginia Slims of Washington, now defunct, was a Grand Prix and WTA Tour affiliated tennis tournament played from 1972 to 1991. It was held in Washington, D.C. in the United States and played on indoor carpet courts from 1972 to 1975 and again from 1978 to 1990. From 1976 to 1977, it was played on indoor hard courts and in the final year it was played on outdoor hard courts.

The event was known by several different names. For most of its run, the tournament was called the Virginia Slims of Washington due to sponsorship by Virginia Slims. It was also known as the Colgate Championships of Washington and the Avon Championships of Washington.

Martina Navratilova was the most successful player, winning nine titles overall.

The tournament was abolished after the 1991 edition when its owners, Pro-Serv, sold it abroad.
Meteor Rain
Meteor Rain (Chinese: 流星雨; pinyin: Liú Xīng Yǔ) is a 2001 Taiwanese drama starring Jerry Yan, Vanness Wu and Ken Chu of F4 and Rainie Yang. It is a supplementary miniseries of Meteor Garden which is based on the Japanese manga series Boys Over Flowers, written and illustrated by Yoko Kamio. It was produced by Comic Ritz International Production with Angie Chai being producer. It consists of three stand alone episodes that happened at different times before, during and after Meteor Garden itself. They are referred to as chapters focusing on each F4 members, except for Hua Ze Lei (Vic Chou).

The series was broadcast on free-to-air Chinese Television System (CTS) from September 2001 to January 2002 following the main series Meteor Garden, which was broadcast in April 2001. It was followed by the sequel Meteor Garden II, which was broadcast from 11 November to 25 December 2002.

Taiwanese television drama
Taiwanese drama (Chinese: 台灣電視劇; pinyin: Táiwān Diànshìjù, also known as T.W. drama) refer to dramatic programming of television programming extended stories usually dramatizing relationships through the general range of ten to forty one-hour episodes. They are produced in Taiwan and have gained increasing popularity in the Mandarin-speaking community internationally. The term "Taiwanese drama" is applied to Taiwanese miniseries in general, even including those with greater elements of comedy than of drama.
Tennis at the 1906 Intercalated Games – Men's singles
The men's singles was one of four lawn tennis events on the Tennis at the 1906 Intercalated Games programme. The tournament was played on clay courts at the Athens Lawn Tennis Club.

Frenchman Max Decugis won the gold medal by defeating his compatriot Maurice Germot in four sets.

The silver and bronze medals were awarded on the basis of the best performances against the winner or runner-up instead of the usual losing finalist or winner of a play-off between the losing semi-finalists. Therefore, the bronze medal was awarded to Zdeněk Žemla, who had won a set against silver medalist Maurice Germot in the second round.

Tennis at the 1906 Intercalated Games
At the 1906 Intercalated Games, four events in tennis were contested. Though now termed the Intercalated Games, the 1906 Games were at the time regarded as an official Olympics event. This status was retroactively revoked by the International Olympic Committee. The events were played on outdoor clay courts at the Athens Lawn Tennis Club and were held from 23 April until the 28 April 1906.
Bailiff of Jersey
The Bailiff of Jersey (French: Le Bailli de Jersey) has several roles:

Chief judge

President of the States Assembly, carrying out functions of a presiding officer

Civic head of the Bailiwick of Jersey

Guardian of the constitution

President of the Licensing Assembly, regulating alcohol sales

Must give permission for certain types of public entertainment to take place.

The position of Bailiff was created shortly after the Treaty of Paris 1259 in which the king of England, Henry III, gave up claim to all of the Duchy of Normandy but the Channel Islands. In 1290, separate bailiffs for Jersey and Guernsey were appointed.

Corn Riots
The Corn Riots, also known as the Jersey Revolution, was an uprising which took place in Jersey on 28 September 1771. Angered by the administration of Lieutenant Bailiff Charles Lemprière, hundreds of Jerseymen marched from the north of the island to the south and occupied the Royal Court. The uprising was a significant point in Jersey political history, as the powers of legislation were removed from the Royal Court and placed in the States Assembly.

The causes of the uprising were centred around the balance of power between the island's parliament, the States, and the Royal Court, both of which had powers to create legislation. An anti-Seigneurial sentiment – opposition to the feudal economic system – also contributed to the uprising. The spark for the uprising was a corn shortage, in part caused by decisions of the ruling classes, which turned the urban population against the States.
Allah Beygi
Allah Beygi (Persian: لله بيگي, also Romanized as Allah Beygī) is a village in Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District, Kakavand District, Delfan County, Lorestan Province, Iran. As of the 2006 census, its population was 59, in 12 families.

Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District
Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان ایتیوند جنوبی) is in Itivand District of Delfan County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qomesh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kahriz-e Varvasht.
De Agostini Fjord
54°26′S 70°26′W﻿ / ﻿54.433°S 70.433°W﻿ / -54.433; -70.433

De Agostini Fjord, also known as De Agostini Sound (Spanish: Seno De Agostini), is a fjord in Tierra del Fuego that separates two branches of the Cordillera Darwin, the Cordón Navarro in the southwest and the mountain range that includes Monte Buckland in the northeast. It is named after the Italian explorer Alberto María de Agostini.
The latter range contains some of the most rugged peaks in southern Chile and the former is a mostly ice-covered range. It connected to Magdalena Channel via Keats Sound.

Magdalena Channel
Magdalena Channel (Spanish: Canal Magdalena) is a Chilean channel joining the Strait of Magellan with the Cockburn Channel and is part of a major navigation route which ultimately connects with the Beagle Channel. It separates Capitán Aracena Island from the westernmost portion of Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, and crosses Alberto de Agostini National Park. It is flanked by mountains, the chief of which is Monte Sarmiento. Like the Abra Channel and the Bárbara Channel farther west, it joins the western part of the Strait of Magellan directly to the Pacific Ocean.

It is located at 54°15′S 70°55′W﻿ / ﻿54.250°S 70.917°W﻿ / -54.250; -70.917.
Shaktinagar Terminal–Tanakpur Express
The 15075 / 15076 Shaktinagar Terminal-Tanakpur Triveni Express is an Express train belonging to North Eastern Railway zone that runs between Shaktinagar Terminal and Tanakpur in India. It is currently being operated with 15075/15076 train numbers on a four-day-a-week basis.

The name Triveni signifies the Triveni Sangam or the meeting pointing of three riv:eof the Ganges, the Yam,una and the Saraswati at Prayag in Prayag,raj which is a station on the train's route.

Bareilly Junction railway station
Bareilly Junction railway station (station code:- BE, BRY) is a railway station serving Bareilly city in Uttar Pradesh. It is an important station as well as the headquarters of Izzatnagar railway division of the North Eastern Railway zone & Moradabad railway division of the Northern Railway zone. It lies on Lucknow–Moradabad line and Lucknow-Sitapur-Lakhimpur-Pilibhit-Bareilly-Kasganj Line provides a stop for most trains passing through. Bareilly Junction used to serve both broad and metre gauge, Bareilly Junction was connected to Lucknow by both Broad Gauge and Meter Gauge, Broad Gauge was connected to Lucknow via Tilhar, Shahjahanpur, Hardoi. On the other hand Meter Gauge was connected to Lucknow via Pilibhit-Mailani-Lakhimpur-Sitapur, but now the metre gauge is converted into broad gauge.
Barons of Crime
Barons of Crime (Russian: Воры в законе, romanized: Vory v zakone) is a 1988 Soviet crime thriller film directed by Yuri Kara based on the stories of Fazil Iskander.

The film tells about the confrontation between two leaders of criminal gangs from one coastal city.

Zinovy Gerdt
Zalman Afroimovich Khrapinovich (21 September 1916 – 18 November 1996), known by the pseudonym Zinovy Yefimovich Gerdt, was a Soviet and Russian actor. He was awarded the People's Artist of the USSR in 1990.
National Immigration Agency
The National Immigration Agency of the Ministry of the Interior (NIA; Chinese: 內政部移民署) is the statutory agency under the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of China (Taiwan) which is responsible for immigration, entry and exit security, border services and registration of foreigners. The agency is headed by the Director General. The current Director-General is Jeff Jia-Jun Yang.

The agency does not manage customs, which is managed by the Customs Administration, Ministry of Finance.

Customs Administration, Ministry of Finance
25°03′04″N 121°30′38″E﻿ / ﻿25.051235°N 121.510614°E﻿ / 25.051235; 121.510614

The Customs Administration, Ministry of Finance (CA; Chinese: 財政部關務署; pinyin: Cáizhèngbù Guānwushǔ), headquartered in Taipei, is the agency of the Ministry of Finance of Taiwan (ROC) dealing with customs policies and regulations in Taiwan. Republic of China is not a Member of World Customs Organization but ROC has signed reciprocal customs agreements with ten Customs authorities in the world as of 2022.
2012 Guamanian legislative election
Elections for the Legislature of Guam were held on November 6, 2012, alongside a referendum on a for-profit bingo initiative. The Democratic Party won nine of the fifteen seats in the Legislature, whilst the referendum was rejected by 64.8% of voters.

Tina Rose Muña Barnes
Tina Rose Muña Barnes (born August 24, 1962) is a Guamanian politician, currently serving as her 7th term as a senator in the Guam Legislature. She formerly served as the Speaker of the 35th Guam Legislature from 2019 to 2021.
Crook Hall, Durham
Crook Hall is a Grade I listed house built in the 13th or 14th to 18th centuries, located in the Framwelgate area of the City of Durham.

The oldest part is an open hall house dating from the 13th or 14th century, built in sandstone with a Welsh slate roof.  It is the only known domestic open hall in County Durham. In the 17th century the hall was extended to form a Jacobean manor house; then in the 18th century a large brick Georgian house was appended to the 17th-century wing, making up a house of 11 bays in all. It is surrounded by English country style gardens, seen as among the best in the north of England.

Hall house
The hall house is a type of vernacular house traditional in many parts of England, Wales, Ireland and lowland Scotland, as well as northern Europe, during the Middle Ages, centring on a hall. Usually timber-framed, some high status examples were built in stone.

Unaltered hall houses are almost unknown. Where they have survived, they have almost always been significantly changed and extended by successive owners over the generations.
UCL Main Building
The Main Building of University College London, facing onto Gower Street, Bloomsbury, includes the Octagon, Quad, Cloisters, Main Library, Flaxman Gallery and the Wilkins Building. The North Wing, South Wing, Chadwick Building and Pearson Building are also considered part of the main UCL building.

Gower Street, London
Gower Street (/ˈɡaʊər/) is a street in Bloomsbury, central London, running from Euston Road at the north to Montague Place in the south.  The street continues as North Gower Street north of Euston Road, while to the south it becomes Bloomsbury Street.

University College London (UCL) and the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) are located along Gower Street as is part of University College Hospital. UCL maintains two student residences along the street: the Arthur Tattersall and John Tovell Houses. Of the many UCL buildings along Gower Street, the Cruciform Building is especially notable, both for its striking red exterior and its obvious form, even when viewed from the road. Old boys of University College School are known as "Old Gowers" after the street where it was founded and co-located with UCL. SOAS, University of London and Birkbeck College are also in proximity.

Euston Square Underground station is located at the north end of Gower Street, at the corner of Euston Road.
Rating system
A rating system can be any kind of rating applied to a certain application domain. They are often created using a rating scale.

Examples include:

Motion picture content rating system
Motion Picture Association film rating system
Canadian motion picture rating system

Television content rating system

Video game content rating system

DC Comics rating system

Marvel Comics rating system

Elo rating system

Glicko rating system

Chess rating system

Rating system of the Royal Navy

Star rating

Sports rating system

Wine rating

Texas Education Agency accountability ratings system

Star (classification)
Star ratings are a type of rating scale using a star symbol or similar typographical mark. It is used by reviewers for ranking things such as films, TV shows, restaurants, and hotels. For example, a system of one to five stars is commonly used in hotel ratings, with five stars being the highest rating.

Similar systems have been proposed for electing politicians in the form of score voting and STAR voting.
Raguhn
Raguhn (German pronunciation: [ʁaˈɡuːn] ⓘ) is a town and a former municipality in the district of Anhalt-Bitterfeld, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated on the left bank of the Mulde, approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northwest of Bitterfeld and 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) south of Dessau. Since 1 January 2010, it has been part of the town Raguhn-Jeßnitz.

Dessau
Dessau is a district of the independent city of Dessau-Roßlau in Saxony-Anhalt at the confluence of the rivers Mulde and Elbe, in the Bundesland (Federal State) of Saxony-Anhalt. Until 1 July 2007, it was an independent city. The population of Dessau is 67,747 (Dec. 2020).
Constructive logic
Constructive logic is a family of logics where proofs must be constructive (i.e., proving something means one must build or exhibit it, not just argue it “must exist” abstractly). No “non-constructive” proofs are allowed (like the classic proof by contradiction without a witness).

The main constructive logics are the following:

Andrey Kolmogorov
Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov (Russian: Андре́й Никола́евич Колмого́ров, IPA: [ɐnˈdrʲej nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ kəlmɐˈɡorəf] ⓘ, 25 April 1903 – 20 October 1987) was a Soviet mathematician who played a central role in the creation of modern probability theory. He also gave fundamental contributions to the mathematics of topology, intuitionistic logic, turbulence, classical mechanics, functional analysis, algorithmic information theory and computational complexity.
Glanosuchus
Glanosuchus is a genus of scylacosaurid therocephalian from the Late Permian of South Africa. The type species G. macrops was named by Robert Broom in 1904. Glanosuchus had a middle ear structure that was intermediate between that of early therapsids and mammals. Ridges in the nasal cavity of Glanosuchus suggest it had an at least partially endothermic metabolism similar to modern mammals.

Scylacosauridae
Scylacosauridae is an extinct family of therocephalian therapsids. Scylacosaurids lived during the Permian period and were among the most basal therocephalians. The family was named by South African paleontologist Robert Broom in 1903. Scylacosaurids have long snouts and unusual saber-like canine teeth.
1978 US Indoor Championships
The 1978 US Indoor Championships was a women's singles tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Met Center in Bloomington, Minnesota in the United States. The event was part of the AAAA category of the 1978 Colgate Series. It was the 70th edition of the tournament and was held from October 9 through October 15, 1978. Second-seeded Chris Evert won the singles title and earned $20,000 first-prize money.

1978 WTA Tour
The 1978 WTA Tour consisted of a number of tennis tournaments for female tennis players. It was composed of two subsidiary circuits, the streamlined winter version of the Virginia Slims Circuit (which was now an 11-week tour of the United States) and the world wide Colgate International Series. The tour was administered by the Women's International Professional Tennis Council.
Keisei Tominaga
Keisei Tominaga (富永 啓生, Tominaga Keisei; born February 1, 2001) is a Japanese professional basketball player for the Levanga Hokkaido of the B.League. He played college basketball for the Nebraska Cornhuskers, after having previously played for Ranger College. Tominaga has been a member of the Japan men's national basketball team and the national 3x3 team.

3x3 basketball
3x3 basketball (stylized as ƐX3, pronounced three-ex-three) is a variation of basketball played three-a-side, with one backboard and in a half-court setup. This basketball game format is currently being promoted and structured by FIBA, the sport's governing body. Its primary competition is an annual FIBA 3X3 World Tour, comprising a series of Masters and one Final tournament, and awarding six-figure prize money in US dollars. The FIBA 3x3 World Cups for men and women are the highest tournaments for national 3x3 teams. The 3x3 format has been adopted for both the Olympics and the Commonwealth Games.
Matale District
Matale District (Sinhala: මාතලේ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය, Tamil: மாத்தளை மாவட்டம்) is a district in the Central Province of Sri Lanka. It is one of 25 districts of Sri Lanka. The administrative capital and largest city of the district is Matale.

The district is considered to be the centremost region of the island and has a total area of 1,993 km2 (770 sq mi). It is in the northern part of the Central Province. Sharing borders with 6 other districts, the Matale district is bordered by Anuradhapura to the north, Polonnaruwa to the northeast, Badulla and Ampara to the east, Kurunegala to the west and Kandy to the south.

Polonnaruwa District
Polonnaruwa District (Sinhala: පොළොන්නරුව දිස්ත්‍රික්කය; Tamil: பொலன்னறுவை மாவட்டம்) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. It is also one of the two districts of North Central Province and has an area of 3,293 km2.

The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Polonnaruwa.
2025 Suncorp Super Netball season
The 2025 Suncorp Super Netball season was the ninth season of the premier netball league in Australia. The season commenced on Saturday 5 April and concluded with the Grand Final on Saturday 2 August at Rod Laver Arena in Melbourne. The defending premiers were the Adelaide Thunderbirds.

The Melbourne Vixens won their second Super Netball title, defeating the minor premiers West Coast Fever by a single point in the Grand Final.

Adelaide Thunderbirds
Adelaide Thunderbirds are an Australian professional netball team based in Adelaide, South Australia. Since 2017 they have played in Super Netball. Between 2008 and 2016, they played in the ANZ Championship and between 1997 and 2007, they played in the Commonwealth Bank Trophy league. Thunderbirds have won five premierships. They won their first two premierships in 1998 and 1999 during the Commonwealth Bank Trophy era, their third and fourth in 2010 and 2013 during ANZ Championship era, and their sixth in 2023, 2024 during the Super Netball era. Historically, Thunderbirds are one of Australia's most successful netball teams. Between 1997 and 2010 they finished in the top three of every regular season, and are the first and only team to win a Trophy at all 3 eras.