hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jacques-Louis Comte de Noyelles
Jacques-Louis, Comte de Noyelles (c. 1655 –  Barcelona,11 April 1708) was a Walloon military officer in the service of the Dutch Republic between 1672 and 1708. He was also named an Austrian Field Marshal. He served in the Franco-Dutch War, the Glorious Revolution, the Nine Years' War, and the War of the Spanish Succession in both the northern and the Iberian theatres of that war.

Francisco Antonio de Agurto, 1st Marquess of Gastañaga
Francisco Antonio de Agurto y Salcedo Medrano Zúñiga, 1st Marquess of Gastañaga (1640 – 2 November 1702) was a Spanish nobleman, Knight of the Order of Alcantara, of His Majesty's Supreme War Council, General Field Marshal of the Netherlands, Governor and Captain General of the Spanish Netherlands and Viceroy of Catalonia, of Basque origin. Francisco Antonio was the son of Don Antonio de Agurto y Alava and Catalina de Salcedo y Medrano, daughter of Iñigo López de Salcedo Camargo and María Melchora de Medrano Zúñiga y Vallejo.

He was born in Vitoria. He became the I Marquess de Gastañaga and was Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands between 1685 and 1692. He led the Spanish troops in the Battle of Fleurus (1690) and unsuccessfully defended Mons against the French.
1938 NCAA gymnastics championships
The 1938 NCAA gymnastics championships were contested at the first annual National Collegiate Athletic Association-sanctioned men's gymnastics championships to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate gymnastics among its member programs in the United States.

These championships were hosted by the University of Chicago at Bartlett Gymnasium in Chicago, Illinois.

Hosts Chicago, led by coach Dan Hoffer, topped the team standings and claimed the inaugural team title.

The individual all-around championship went to Joe Giallombardo from Illinois.

NCAA men's gymnastics championships
The NCAA men's gymnastics championships are contested at an annual competition sponsored by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate gymnastics among its member programs in the United States.

Unlike most other NCAA-sponsored sports, the men's gymnastics championship is not separated into divisions and uses a single National Collegiate tournament instead. Currently, only 15 schools sponsor NCAA men's gymnastics teams, with three of them outside of Division I: Greenville University, Simpson College, Springfield College (Division III).
Germanic substrate hypothesis
The Germanic substrate hypothesis attempts to explain the purportedly distinctive nature of the Germanic languages within the context of the Indo-European languages. Based on the elements of Common Germanic vocabulary and syntax which do not seem to have cognates in other Indo-European languages, it claims that Proto-Germanic may have been either a creole or a contact language that subsumed a non-Indo-European substrate language, or a hybrid of two quite different Indo-European languages, mixing the centum and satem types. Which culture or cultures may have contributed the substrate material is an ongoing subject of academic debate and study.

Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics, also known as diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of how languages change over time. It seeks to understand the nature and causes of linguistic change and to trace the evolution of languages. Historical linguistics involves several key areas of study, including the reconstruction of ancestral languages, the classification of languages into families, (comparative linguistics) and the analysis of the cultural and social influences on language development.

This field is grounded in the uniformitarian principle, which posits that the processes of language change observed today were also at work in the past, unless there is clear evidence to suggest otherwise. Historical linguists aim to describe and explain changes in individual languages, explore the history of speech communities, and study the origins and meanings of words (etymology).
Teberda
43°26′38″N 41°44′43″E﻿ / ﻿43.44389°N 41.74528°E﻿ / 43.44389; 41.74528

Teberda (Russian: Теберда́, Karachay-Balkar: Теберди, Teberdi) is a town under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Karachayevsk in the Karachay–Cherkess Republic, Russia, located in the Caucasus Mountains 105 kilometers (65 mi) south of Cherkessk at the elevation of about 1,280 meters (4,200 ft). Population:  9,058 (2010 Census); 7,827 (2002 Census); 8,840 (1989 Soviet census).  The Teberda River flows through the town. It is the gateway to the Teberda Nature Reserve, an area is known for its natural environment and hiking trails.

Karachays
The Karachays or Karachais  (Karachay-Balkar: къарачайлыла, romanized: qaraçaylıla or таулула, tawlula, 'mountaineers') are a North Caucasian-Turkic ethnic group primarily located in their ancestral lands in Karachay–Cherkess Republic, a republic of Russia in the North Caucasus. They and the Balkars share a common origin, culture, and language.
Rhaunen
Rhaunen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It was the seat of the former Verbandsgemeinde Rhaunen.

Birkenfeld (district)
Birkenfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪʁkŋ̍fɛlt]) is a district (Landkreis) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Its seat is the town of Birkenfeld. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Sankt Wendel (Saarland), Trier-Saarburg, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Rhein-Hunsrück, Bad Kreuznach and Kusel.
Leonards Pond (Rochester, Massachusetts)
Leonards Pond, also known as Leonard's Pond, is a 54-acre (220,000 m2) pond in Rochester, Massachusetts. The pond is located west of Mary's Pond. The confluence of the west and east branches of the Sippican River is at this pond, and the Sippican River continues as the outflow.

Sippican River
The Sippican River ("long river") is a short river in Massachusetts, United States.

The Sippican River is 6.2 miles (10.0 km) long, arising from east and west branches in the towns of Mattapoisett, Marion (once known as Sippican), and Rochester, Massachusetts. Each branch flows through a complex system of cranberry bogs and reservoirs, and empties a short distance away through Wareham into Buzzards Bay near the Weweantic River mouth.

As of 2006, efforts are underway to restore the native alewife population to the river.
Mardan
Mardān is a city in the Mardan District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Located in the Valley of Peshawar, Mardan is the second-largest city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (after Peshawar). It is a fast-growing city that experienced a population boom in the latter half of the 20th century.

Around 1800 BCE, the area around Mardan was part of the homeland of the Gandhara grave culture. Rock edicts of the ancient Indian King Ashoka in the nearby Shahbaz Garhi, written in the right-to-left Kharosthi script, dates from the Mauryan period (mid-200s BCE) and represent the earliest irrefutable evidence of writing in South Asia. The nearby Takht-i-Bahi which has remains of an ancient Buddhist monastery was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.

2023 Pakistani census
The 2023 Census of Pakistan was the seventh national census and detailed enumeration of the Pakistani population. It was conducted by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. It was also the first ever digital census to be held in Pakistan, and the first in South Asian history. It is the most recent census in Pakistan.

The census was initially held from 1 March 2023 to 1 April 2023. However, enumeration was later extended several times until 30 May 2023, because of incomplete enumeration in large cities such as Karachi, Lahore, and Faisalabad, where people are more mobile and therefore harder to count, and in remote and rural Balochistan. The extension was also used by PBS officials and census takers for quality reviews, to check if all households and people were properly counted in each area. The 2023 census recorded a total population throughout the country of 241,499,431 (excluding Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir).
Hypoptopoma machadoi
Hypoptopoma machadoi is a species of catfish of the family Loricariidae.

This catfish reaches a maximum length of 7.0 centimetres (2.8 in) SL. It is demersal, being found in fresh water in the tropics.

Hypoptopoma machadoi is native to South America, and is known to occur in the Rio Orinoco basin in Venezuela, including the Rio Meta drainage in Colombia.

The fish is named in honor of Antonio Machado-Allison (b. 1945) of the Universidad Central de Venezuela, because of his lifelong dedication and contributions to neotropical ichthyology.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Old England (department store)
The Old England department store was a large retailer in central Brussels, Belgium, partially housed in a notable Art Nouveau building constructed in 1899 by Paul Saintenoy out of girded steel and glass. Nowadays, its former buildings house the Musical Instruments Museum (MIM), founded in 1877, which forms part of the group of Royal Museums for Art and History (RMAH).

Located at 2, rue Montagne de la Cour/Hofberg on the Mont des Arts/Kunstberg, the building stands next to the Place Royale/Koningsplein and across the street from the Magritte Museum. It is served by Brussels-Central railway station and Parc/Park metro station on lines 1 and 5 of the Brussels Metro.

Brussels-Central railway station
Brussels-Central railway station (French: Gare de Bruxelles-Central; Dutch: Station Brussel-Centraal) is a railway and metro station in central Brussels, Belgium. It is the second busiest railway station in Belgium and one of three principal railway stations in Brussels, together with Brussels-South and Brussels-North. First completed in 1952 after protracted delays caused by economic difficulties and World War II, it is the newest of Brussels' main rail hubs. The train services are operated by the National Railway Company of Belgium (SNCB/NMBS).

Brussels-Central is connected to the rapid transit Gare Centrale/Centraal Station station on lines 1 and 5 of the Brussels Metro system, and serves as an important node of the Brussels Intercommunal Transport Company (STIB/MIVB).
Ceplenița
Ceplenița is a commune in Iași County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Buhalnița, Ceplenița, Poiana Mărului, and Zlodica.

The commune is located in the northwestern part of the county, 9.3 km (5.8 mi) from Hârlău town.

Hârlău
Hârlău (formerly spelled Hîrlău, Romanian pronunciation: [hɨrˈləw]; Hebrew: חרלאו; Hungarian: Harló; German: Hirlau or Crolow) is a town in Iași County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It was one of the princely court cities of Moldavia, in the 15th century. One village, Pârcovaci, is administered by the town.
Bimal Patel (attorney)
Bimal V. Patel is an American attorney who served as the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Institutions and Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for the Financial Stability Oversight Council. He was one of the “architects” of the emergency $660 billion Paycheck Protection Program in 2020.  He joined PayPal as the company's General Counsel following his departure from the Treasury Department.

Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Institutions
The assistant secretary of the treasury for financial institutions is an official in the United States Department of the Treasury who is the head of the Office of Financial Institutions (OFI). The office "helps formulate policy on financial institutions and government-sponsored enterprises, cybersecurity and critical infrastructure protection."

The post was most recently held by Graham Steele, who was nominated to the position by President Joe Biden on July 19, 2021. Steele resigned from the position in January 2024.
Cooperative eye hypothesis
The cooperative eye hypothesis is a proposed explanation for the appearance of the human eye. It suggests that the eye's distinctive visible characteristics evolved to make it easier for humans to follow another's gaze while communicating or while working together on tasks.

Gaze (physiology)
The term gaze is frequently used in physiology to describe coordinated motion of the eyes and neck. The lateral gaze is controlled by the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF). The vertical gaze is controlled by the rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus and the interstitial nucleus of Cajal.
N,N-Dimethylsphingosine
N,N-Dimethylsphingosine (also known as DMS) is an inhibitor of sphingosine kinase.

In rats with neuropathic pain, the natural metabolite DMS is unregulated in the dorsal horn.  Furthermore, DMS induces mechanical hypersensitivity when injected into rats.

Sphingosine kinase
Sphingosine kinase (SphK) is a conserved lipid kinase that catalyzes formation sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) from the precursor sphingolipid sphingosine. Sphingolipid metabolites, such as ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate, are lipid second messengers involved in diverse cellular processes.  There are two forms of SphK, SphK1 and SphK2.  SphK1 is found in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells, and migrates to the plasma membrane upon activation.  SphK2 is localized to the nucleus.
2000 United States House of Representatives elections in New Hampshire
The 2000 congressional elections in New Hampshire were held on November 7, 2000, to determine who will represent the state of New Hampshire in the United States House of Representatives.  It coincided with the state's gubernatorial elections. Representatives are elected for two-year terms; those elected served in the 107th Congress from January 2001 until January 2003.  New Hampshire has two seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census.

2000 New Hampshire gubernatorial election
The 2000 New Hampshire gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 2000. Incumbent Democratic governor Jeanne Shaheen won re-election, defeating former United States senator Gordon Humphrey 49% to 44%.
Bill Tytla
Vladimir Peter "Bill" Tytla (October 25, 1904 – December 30, 1968) was a Ukrainian-American animator known for his work during the Golden Age of American animation, in the Walt Disney Productions animation unit, Paramount's Famous Studios, and Terrytoons. In his Disney career, Tytla is particularly noted for the animation in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Pinocchio, Fantasia (The Sorcerer's Apprentice and Night on Bald Mountain/Ave Maria segments) and Dumbo. He was inducted as a Disney Legend in 1998.

Tytla was also known for co-creating Little Audrey for Paramount Pictures alongside Seymour Kneitel.

John Canemaker
John Cannizzaro Jr. (born 1943), better known as John Canemaker, is an American independent animator, animation historian, author, teacher and lecturer. In 1980, he began teaching and developing the animation program at New York University, Tisch School of the Arts', Kanbar Institute of Film and Television Department. Since 1988 he has directed the program and is currently a tenured full professor. From 2001-2002 he was Acting Chair of the NYU Undergraduate Film and Television Department. In 2006, his film The Moon and the Son: An Imagined Conversation, a 28-minute animated piece about Canemaker's relationship with his father, won the Academy Award for best animated short.  In 2007 the same piece picked up an Emmy award for  its graphic and artistic design.
Bike boom
The bike boom or bicycle craze is any of several specific historic periods marked by increased bicycle enthusiasm, popularity, and sales.

Prominent examples include 1819 and 1868, as well as the decades of the 1890s and 1970s – the latter especially in North America – and the 2010s in the United Kingdom.

Derailleur
A derailleur (/dɪˈreɪlər/ di-RAYL-ər; /dɪˈreɪljər/ di-RAYL-yər) is specifically a device that moves a bicycle chain from one sprocket to another, and more generally the entire gearset on a multiple-speed bicycle with such a mechanism.

Modern front and rear derailleurs typically consist of a moveable chain-guide that is operated remotely by a Bowden cable attached to a shifter mounted on the down tube, handlebar stem, or handlebar. When a rider operates the lever while pedalling, the change in cable tension moves the chain-guide from side to side, "derailing" the chain onto different sprockets.
Íñigo Manuel Vélez Ladrón de Guevara
Íñigo Manuel Velez Ladrón de Guevara y Tassis, (1642 – 5 November 1699) was a Spanish nobleman, 10th count of Oñate, 4th count of Villamediana,  a Grandee of Spain, (title bestowed to his family in 1640 by King Philip IV of Spain in 1640), and many other lesser or more recent titles, was a  Head of the Imperial Spain Couriers and Post Offices, and a Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1687.

Philip IV of Spain
Philip IV (Spanish: Felipe Domingo Victor de la Cruz de Austria y Austria, Portuguese: Filipe III; 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: Rey Planeta), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the arts, including such artists as Diego Velázquez, and his rule over Spain during the Thirty Years' War.

By the time of his death, the Spanish Empire had reached approximately 12.2 million square kilometres (4.7 million square miles) in area, the largest empire in the world, but in other aspects was in decline, a process to which Philip contributed with his inability to achieve successful domestic and military reform. He was succeeded on his death by his young son Charles II as King of Spain and in 1640 (with the collapse of the Iberian Union) by John IV as King of Portugal.
John Griffin (hurler)
John Griffin (born 1983) is an Irish hurling manager and former player who has been manager of the Kerry senior hurling team since 2024. He played for club sides Lixnaw, Finuge and Blarney and was also a member of the Kerry senior hurling team.

All-Ireland Vocational Schools Championship
The All-Ireland Vocational Schools Championship was a Gaelic Athletic Association football and hurling competition. There are two levels of competition. Individual schools compete for county, provincial and All-Ireland competitions. County teams selected from schools within each county also competed for provincial and All-Ireland competitions. The final intercounty championships in both codes were played in 2012, while the last schools championships were played in 2013.
Lu Yin (Eastern Wu)
Lu Yin (fl. third century), courtesy name Jingzong, was a Chinese military general and politician of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was the younger brother of Lu Kai and a relative of Lu Xun, who respectively served as the eighth and third Imperial Chancellors of Eastern Wu.

Sun He
Sun He (224 – c.December 253), courtesy name Zixiao, was an imperial prince of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was the third son of Sun Quan, the founding emperor of Wu. In 242, he became the crown prince after the death of his brother Sun Deng, the eldest son and first heir apparent of Sun Quan. In the 240s, a power struggle broke out between Sun He and his fourth brother, Sun Ba, over the succession to their father's throne. The conflict ended in 250 when Sun Quan forced Sun Ba to commit suicide, deposed Sun He and replaced him with Sun Liang. In 253, during Sun Liang's reign, the regent Sun Jun reduced Sun He to commoner status and forced him to commit suicide. In 264, one of Sun He's sons, Sun Hao, became the fourth emperor of Eastern Wu. After his coronation, Sun Hao honoured his father with the posthumous title Emperor Wen.
Domunli Gas Processing Project
Domunli Gas Processing Project is the company that oversees the activities of gas processing in Domunli in the Western Region of Ghana. It is a Government of Ghana company under the Ministry of Energy of Ghana. The project is to enable natural gas to flow from the Jubilee oil field to generate 500 megawatts of electricity.

Western Region (Ghana)
The Western region, located in south Ghana, spreads from the Ivory Coast (Comoé District) in the west to the Central region in the east, includes the capital and large twin city of Sekondi-Takoradi on the coast, coastal Axim, and a hilly inland area including Elubo. It includes Ghana's southernmost location, Cape Three Points, where crude oil was discovered in commercial quantities in June 2007. The region covers an area of 13,842 km2, and had a population of 2,060,585 at the 2021 Census. It has a coastline that stretches from South Ghana's border with the Ivory Coast to the boundary with the Central region on the east.
P. K. Banerjee
Pradip Kumar Banerjee FIFAOM (Bengali: প্রদীপ কুমার ব্যানার্জি; 23 June 1936 – 20 March 2020) was an Indian professional footballer who played as a striker for the India national football team. He also captained the national team and later on became the coach of the national team. He represented India in 52 official matches and scored 16 official goals for the country. He was one of the first recipients of Arjuna Award, when the awards were instituted in 1961. He was awarded the prestigious Padma Shri in 1990 and was named Indian Footballer of the 20th century by IFFHS. In 2004, he was awarded the FIFA Order of Merit, the highest honour awarded by FIFA.

Banerjee died on 20 March 2020 at 12:40 p.m. after suffering from age-related issues, having been on life support at a Kolkata hospital since 2 March. He also had an underlying history of Parkinson's disease, dementia and heart problems.

1970 Asian Games
The 6th Asian Games also known as Bangkok 1970, were held from 9 to 20 December 1970 in Bangkok, Thailand. Seoul, South Korea, had been selected to host the 6th Games but it declined due to both financial reasons and security threats from neighboring North Korea (the city eventually hosted in 1986). The previous host, Thailand, stepped in to save the Asiad. 2,400 athletes from 18 countries competed in this Asiad, where yachting made its debut.
Solomon Berewa
Solomon Ekuma Dominic Berewa (6 August 1938 – 5 March 2020) was Vice-president of Sierra Leone from May 2002 to September 2007. Standing as the candidate of the Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP), he was defeated in the second round of the 2007 presidential election by Ernest Bai Koroma of the All People's Congress (APC).

Vice President of Sierra Leone
The vice president of Sierra Leone is the  second most senior government official in the executive branch of the Republic of Sierra Leone government after the president. The vice president's only constitutional power is to be the immediate successor to the president of Sierra Leone if the president resigned or is removed from office by the parliament. Other than that the power of the vice president depends on the role delegated to the office by the president.

The vice president of Sierra Leone is the second most influential position in the government of Sierra Leone, after the president. The current vice president of Sierra Leone is Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh, a member of the ruling Sierra Leone People's Party; he was sworn in as vice president on April 4, 2018, after the victory of Jalloh's and Julius Maada Bio's presidential ticket in the 2018 presidential election.