hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane
The Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane, also known as The Superintendents' Association, was organized in Philadelphia in October, 1844 at a meeting of 13 superintendents, making it the first professional medical specialty organization in the U.S.

The objectives of the Association were "to communicate their experiences to each other, cooperate in collecting statistical information relating to insanity, and assist each other in improving the treatment of the insane." The name of the organization was changed in 1892 to The American Medico-Psychological Association to allow assistant physicians working in mental hospitals to become members. In 1921, the name was changed to the present American Psychiatric Association.

Utica Psychiatric Center
The Utica Psychiatric Center, also known as Utica State Hospital, opened in Utica on January 16, 1843. It was New York's first state-run facility designed to care for the mentally ill, and one of the first such institutions in the United States. It was originally called the New York State Lunatic Asylum at Utica. The Greek Revival structure was designed by Captain William Clarke and its construction was funded by the state and by contributions from Utica residents.

In 1977, the last patients were transferred to other care facilities and the hospital was closed. The hospital building is now used as a records archive for the New York State Office of Mental Health. It has been a National Historic Landmark since 1989.
The building sits on the present-day campus of the Mohawk Valley Psychiatric Center along with newer buildings, some of which are still in use for psychiatric and other medical care.
Sportpark Berg & Bos
The Sportpark Berg & Bos is a football complex located in the Dutch city Apeldoorn. It is the home port of AGOVV.

AGOVV has been playing at Sportpark Berg en Bos in the neighbourhood of the same name in the west of Apeldoorn since 1921. The sports park is located in a wooded area and is adjacent to Apenheul. The complex includes four football fields and a football stadium. In the early years there was not only football, the annual hippique concours also took place here. The sports park was named the most beautiful football complex in the Netherlands in 2021 by the football magazine Voetbal International.

Apenheul Primate Park
Apenheul Primate Park is a zoo in Apeldoorn, Netherlands. It specializes in apes and monkeys. It opened in 1971 and was the first zoo in the world where monkeys could walk around freely in the forest and between the visitors. It started with just a few species, now it displays more than 30 different primates, among them are the bonobo, gorilla and orangutan.
Marshall Flowage
Marshall Flowage is a flowage in Halifax County, Nova Scotia, Canada. The flowage is near Toadfish Lakes Wilderness Area, and a rural community named Lochaber Mines. The flowage is 96.26 kilometres (59.81 mi) from Halifax, and 73.2 kilometres (45.5 mi) from Truro. It can be reached by Nova Scotia Route 374, which is nearby the flowage.

Malay Falls, Nova Scotia
Malay Falls is a small rural community on the Eastern Shore of Nova Scotia, Canada, in the Halifax Regional Municipality. The community is located along Route 374 and is about 11 km (6.8 mi) northeast of Sheet Harbour. The community is located along East River, and is adjacent to the Malay Falls Flowage, a lake along the river's course. Malay Falls was first settled in 1784. Colin Malay acquired land here in 1849, when the area was called Salmon River. The Government of Canada maintains a weather station in the community.
Vimanmek Mansion
The Vimanmek Mansion (Thai: พระที่นั่งวิมานเมฆ, RTGS: phra thi nang wimanmek) is a former royal villa in Bangkok, Thailand. It is in the Dusit Palace complex in Dusit District. As of 2019 it has been dismantled to allow for foundation repairs and will be rebuilt upon its completion.

Bureau of the Royal Household
The Bureau of the Royal Household (BRH) is a royal agency with a status equivalent to a ministry of the Royal Thai Government, directly under the authority of the monarch. It is responsible for royal affairs concerning the King and the Royal Family, as well as the management and protection of the monarch’s assets and interests. The Lord Chamberlain of the Royal Household oversees its administration.

The 2019 budget for the Bureau of the Royal Household was 6,800 million baht, up from 6,391.4 million baht in FY2018.
Confederation Square, Warsaw
Confederation Square (Polish: Plac Konfederacji) is an urban square in Warsaw, Poland. It is located in the district of Bielany, at the crossing of Płatnicza Street, Lipińska Street, Schroegera Street, and Daniłowskiego Street. The square was built in the late 1920s.

Bielany
Bielany (Polish pronunciation: [bjɛˈlanɨ] ⓘ) is a district in Warsaw located in the north-western part of the city.

Initially a part of Żoliborz, Bielany has been an independent district since 1994. Bielany borders Żoliborz to the south-east, and Bemowo to the south-west. Its north-eastern border is the Vistula River, and the northern-western border is also the limits of the city of Warsaw.

The name Bielany, which in Polish is plural, derives from the white habits of the Camaldolese monks who have an ancient priory there. It is also known for the Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, which was established 1929 when it was known as the Central Institute for Physical Education (C.I.W.F.), as well as the newly built Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University.
India International University of Legal Education and Research
India International University of Legal Education and Research at Goa, India is a private international university.

The Bar Council of India fund and run this institute. Once established, the university will also operate the International Arbitration Centre and it will be the first international Arbitration centre in India and the second in Asia after Singapore International Arbitration Centre. On December 19, 2021, the foundation stone was laid by PM Narendra Modi.

Singapore International Arbitration Centre
Singapore International Arbitration Centre (SIAC) is a not-for-profit international arbitration organisation based in Singapore, which administers arbitrations under its own rules of arbitration and the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules. It was established on 1 July 1991 and is located at Maxwell Chambers, formerly the Customs House.
SIAC arbitration awards have been enforced in many jurisdictions including Australia, China, Hong Kong SAR, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Thailand, UK, USA and Vietnam, amongst other New York Convention signatories. SIAC is a global arbitral institution providing case management services to parties from all over the world. SIAC was ranked by lists as the top arbitral institution in the world.
Raslavka
Raslavka (Ukrainian: Раславка) is a village in Ukraine, Ternopil Oblast, Kremenets Raion, Lopushne rural hromada. After the liquidation of the Kremenets Raion (1940–2020) on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Kremenets Raion.

Lopushne rural hromada
Lopushne rural territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Лопушненська територіальна громада, romanized: Lopushnenska silska terytorialna hromada) is a hromada in Ukraine, in Kremenets Raion of Ternopil Oblast. The administrative center is the village of Lopushne. Its population is 5,110 (2022 estimate) Established on 10 August 2015.
Earnings quality
Earnings quality, also known as quality of earnings (QoE), in accounting, refers to the ability of reported earnings (net profit/income) to predict a company's future cash flows.  It is an assessment criterion for how "repeatable, controllable and bankable" a firm's earnings are, amongst other factors, and has variously been defined as the degree to which earnings reflect underlying economic effects, are better estimates of cash flows, are conservative, or are predictable.

Depreciation
In accountancy, depreciation refers to two aspects of the same concept: first, an actual reduction in the fair value of an asset, such as the decrease in value of factory equipment each year as it is used and wears, and second, the allocation in accounting statements of the original cost of the assets to periods in which the assets are used (depreciation with the matching principle).

Depreciation is thus the decrease in the value of assets and the method used to reallocate, or "write down" the cost of a tangible asset (such as equipment) over its useful life span. Businesses depreciate long-term assets for both accounting and tax purposes. The decrease in value of the asset affects the balance sheet of a business or entity, and the method of depreciating the asset, accounting-wise, affects the net income, and thus the income statement that they report. Generally, the cost is allocated as depreciation expense among the periods in which the asset is expected to be used.
Scalenodon
Scalenodon is an extinct genus of traversodontid cynodonts from the Middle Triassic of Africa and possibly Russia. The type species S. angustifrons was named in 1946 and several other species were named in the following years. Most of the species from Africa are now thought to belong to different genera than Scalenodon.

Traversodontidae
Traversodontidae is an extinct family of herbivorous cynodonts. Traversodonts were primarily Gondwanan, with many species known from Africa and South America. Recently, traversodonts have also been found from Europe and North America. Traversodonts first appeared in the Middle Triassic and diversified in the Late Triassic before going extinct at the end of the epoch. The family Traversodontidae was erected by Friedrich von Huene in 1936 for cynodonts first found in São Pedro do Sul in Paleorrota, Brazil.
Inkersall
Inkersall and Inkersall Green (informally referred to by local residents as Inky) are areas of settlement in Derbyshire, England. They are located south of the A619 road, 4 miles (6 km) east of  Chesterfield and  close to Junction 29a of the M1 Motorway.

Inkersall is a town just outside Staveley, which has seen fast development over the last few years. Recent developments include the creation of a small children's park along with the building of an additional convenience shop. Inkersall has two public houses, the Hop Flower and the Double Top.

The village is served by a regular bus service, allowing residents to travel to Staveley, Chesterfield and elsewhere. The Trans Pennine Trail passes alongside the village.

Chesterfield, Derbyshire
Chesterfield is a market and industrial town in the county of Derbyshire, England. It is 24 miles (39 km) north of Derby and 11 miles (18 km) south of Sheffield at the confluence of the Rivers Rother and Hipper. In 2011, the built-up-area subdivision had a population of 88,483, making it the second-largest settlement in Derbyshire, after Derby. The wider Borough of Chesterfield had a population of 103,569 in the 2021 Census. In 2021, the town itself had a population of 76,402.

It has been traced to a transitory Roman fort dated to approximately AD 80-100. The name of the later Anglo-Saxon village comes from the Old English ceaster (Roman fort) and feld (pasture). It has a sizeable street market three days a week. The town sits on an old coalfield, but little visual evidence of mining remains since the closure of the final town centre mine nicknamed “The Green Room”. The main landmark is the crooked spire of the Church of St Mary and All Saints.
Grijota
Grijota is a municipality located in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2019 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 2,319 inhabitants.

It is 7 km away from the capital of the province, Palencia, and 57 km from the city of Valladolid, capital of the region of Castile and León. The municipality has a village and then groups of houses, some of the containing 100 or more neighbours. Thus, despite being located in an area affected by depopulation, it is in constant urban growth since the late 1990s. The first of them started to be built in 1999 and they have been building new ones since. Thanks to them Grijota is the ninth most populated municipality of the Province of Palencia.

Palencia
Palencia (Spanish pronunciation: [paˈlenθja] ⓘ) is a city of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the province of Palencia. As of 2024, it has a population of 76,578.

Located in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, in the northern half of the Inner Plateau, the city lies on the left bank of the Carrión river.

At the regional level, Palencia forms part of an economic axis together with the cities of Valladolid and Burgos.
Children's World (charity)
Children's World is a charity based in the UK.  It is known internationally (as Children's World International). It was set up by Arabella Churchill in 1981 after the success of the Children's World area at the Glastonbury Festival. It is registered charity Number 282743.

Children's World was created to provide drama participation and creative play and to work creatively in educational settings, providing social and emotional benefits for all children, particularly those with special needs.

Children's World International (Charity Reg. No. 1079546) is the sister charity of Children's World and was started in 1999 to work with children in the Balkans, in conjunction with Balkan Sunflowers and Save the Children.

Children's World changed to a Charitable Incorporated Organisation (CIO) and has a new number: 1172322. Children's World International was closed and the projects taken on by Children's World.

Save the Children
The Save the Children Fund, commonly known as Save the Children, is an international non-governmental organization. It was founded in the UK in 1919; its goal is to improve the lives of children worldwide.

The organization raises money to improve children's lives by creating better educational opportunities, better health care, and improved economic opportunities. It achieves this through several methods, including health, education, and protection programs.

The organization has general consultative status in the United Nations Economic and Social Council.
Special Order 191
Special Order 191 (series 1862), also known as the "Lost Dispatch" and the "Lost Order", was a general movement order issued by Confederate Army General Robert E. Lee in September 1862, during the Maryland Campaign of the American Civil War. A discarded copy of this order was recovered several days later by Union Army troops in Frederick County, Maryland; it was passed to General George B. McClellan, who subsequently altered his own forces' movement and defeated Lee at the Battle of Antietam. Historians differ on how much the discovery contributed to McClellan's victory.

Frederick County, Maryland
Frederick County is located in Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 271,717. The county seat is Frederick. The county is part of the Capital region of the state.

Like other outlying sections of the Washington metropolitan area, Frederick County has experienced a rapid population increase since the 1980s. It borders the southern border of Pennsylvania and the northeastern border of Virginia.

Catoctin Mountain Park in the county is the location of Camp David, a U.S. presidential retreat, and Fort Detrick, a U.S. Army base.
15th Operational Brigade (Ukraine)
The 15th Operational Assignment Kara Dag Brigade "Hero of Ukraine Lieutenant Bohdan Zavada" is a brigade of the National Guard of Ukraine. It is a part of the Ukrainian Offensive Guard and was established as the 9th Special Purpose Regiment in 1994 at the village of Shiroky in Zaporizhzhia Oblast. It has taken part in multiple engagements throughout the Russo-Ukrainian war and is currently deployed on the frontlines in Pokrovsk. It is currently headquartered in  Zaporizhzhia City.

Armoured personnel carrier
An armoured personnel carrier (APC) is a broad type of armoured military vehicle designed to transport personnel and equipment in combat zones. Since World War I, APCs have become a very common piece of military equipment around the world.

According to the definition in the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, an APC is "an armoured combat vehicle which is designed and equipped to transport a combat infantry squad and which, as a rule, is armed with an integral or organic weapon of less than 20 millimetres calibre." Compared to infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs), which are also used to carry infantry into battle, APCs have less armament and are not designed to provide direct fire support in battle. Infantry units that travel in APCs are known as mechanized infantry. Some militaries also make a distinction between infantry units that use APCs and infantry units that use IFVs, with the latter being known as armoured infantry.
2008 Illinois Democratic presidential primary
The 2008 Illinois Democratic presidential primary took place on Super Tuesday, February 5, 2008, with 153 delegates at stake. Each of Illinois's 19 congressional districts was proportionally allocated to candidates who had received 15% or more of the vote in that district, totaling 100. Another 53 delegates were also proportionally allocated to candidates who had received 15% or more of the vote statewide. The 153 delegates represented Illinois at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado. Thirty-two other unpledged delegates, known as superdelegates, also attended the convention and cast their votes as well.

Super Tuesday, 2008
Super Tuesday 2008, Super Duper Tuesday, Mega Tuesday, Giga Tuesday, Tsunami Tuesday, and The Tuesday of Destiny are names for February 5, 2008, the day on which the largest simultaneous number of state U.S. presidential primary elections in the history of U.S. primaries were held. Twenty-four states and American Samoa held either caucuses or primary elections for one or both parties on this date. Furthermore, the week-long Democrats Abroad Global Primary began on this day.

The large number of states that held elections on February 5 could have shortened the period between the first caucus in Iowa, on January 3, 2008, and the de facto selection of a party's nominee to just a few weeks. Super Tuesday 2008 saw 52% of the Democratic and 41% of the Republican delegates awarded by early February 2008. By comparison, only about 1% of nominating convention delegates had been selected by that point in the 2000 election cycle.  It was held approximately one month before Super Tuesday II.
Winnipeg Warriors
The Winnipeg Warriors were a junior ice hockey team that played in the Western Hockey League. They were founded as an expansion team in 1980, but suffered from attendance problems competing with the Winnipeg Jets of the National Hockey League and ultimately moved to Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan in 1984, becoming the Moose Jaw Warriors. During their time in Winnipeg, the team played at Winnipeg Arena. Winnipeg's struggles at the gate were matched by the Warriors' futility on the ice, as the franchise qualified for the playoffs only once in their four years in Winnipeg: a three-game sweep at the hands of the Lethbridge Broncos in 1983.  The Warriors 1983–84 record of 9–63–0 is the second-worst 72 game mark in league history. Only the Victoria Cougars' record of 5–65–2 in 1989–90 was worse.

Lethbridge Broncos
The Lethbridge Broncos were a junior ice hockey team in the Western Hockey League from 1974 until 1986. They played at the Lethbridge Sportsplex.

Division titles won: 1977–78, 1981–82

Regular season titles won: 1981–82

WHL Championships won: 1982–83

Memorial Cup Titles: None
Jacquizz Rodgers
Jacquizz "Quizz" Rodgers (born February 6, 1990) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Oregon State Beavers, and was selected by the Atlanta Falcons in the fifth round of the 2011 NFL draft.

Pac-12 Conference football individual awards
Coaches of the Pac-12 Conference bestow the following awards at the end of each football season. The conference was founded in its current form as the Athletic Association of Western Universities in 1959, but traces its roots to the Pacific Coast Conference, founded in 1915. The conference name  changed to Pacific-8 Conference (Pac-8) in 1968 and  Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) in 1978. The conference's 2011 expansion to 12 members saw the conference formally renamed as the Pac-12 Conference.

After the 2023 season, the Pac-12 lost 10 members to other power conferences, with Oregon State and Washington State as the only remaining members. The conference operated with only those teams in the 2024 and 2025 seasons. The Pac-12 will resume full operation in 2026 with eight football members.
The Weight (The Sopranos)
"The Weight" is the 43rd episode of the HBO original series The Sopranos and the fourth episode of the show's fourth season. It is a stand-alone episode written by Terence Winter. Directed by Jack Bender, it originally aired on October 6, 2002.

Meadow Soprano
Meadow Mariangela Soprano, portrayed by Jamie-Lynn Sigler, is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos. In the early seasons, Meadow is introduced as a smart but spoiled partygoer, whose over-dramatic personality and tendency of living in a state of denial reveal a somewhat troubled upbringing. In the later seasons, her character developed with her understanding of the realities of life, money, politics, and relationships. Meadow's academic achievement and status as the source of pride for her parents forms a stark contrast to her brother A.J. Soprano.

In 1997, Sigler was cast as Meadow Soprano. When her manager first told her about the audition for The Sopranos, Sigler thought she would have to sing as a soprano.
Willa Amai
Willa Amai (born in April 2004) is an American folk musician from Los Angeles, California. Amai has been releasing music since she was a pre-teen. She started writing songs at age 9, and signed with Linda Perry at age 12. Amai released her debut album in 2021 titled I Can Go To Bed Whenever. Amai has been profiled in Rolling Stone, People, and American Songwriter.

Linda Perry
Linda Perry (born April 15, 1965) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, and record producer. She is the lead singer and primary songwriter and guitarist of 4 Non Blondes, including their 1993 hit "What's Up?". She has since founded two record labels and composed and produced songs for other artists, which include: "Beautiful" by Christina Aguilera; "What You Waiting For?" by Gwen Stefani; and "Get the Party Started" by Pink. Perry also contributed to albums by Adele, Alicia Keys, and Courtney Love, as well as signing and distributing James Blunt in the United States. Perry was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2015.
Generation Party
The Generation Party (Norwegian: Generasjonspartiet, GP) is a political party in Norway founded in 2020 and registered in the official Party Register in January 2025. It is led by Gyda Oddekalv. The party's stated main objective is to expand the use of direct democracy in Norway, including binding referendums and digital participation tools.

E-democracy
E-democracy (a blend of the terms electronic and democracy), also known as digital democracy or Internet democracy, uses information and communication technology (ICT) in political and governance processes. While offering new tools for transparency and participation, e-democracy also faces growing challenges such as misinformation, bias in algorithms, and the concentration of power in private platforms. The term is commonly attributed to digital activist Steven Clift. By using 21st-century ICT, e-democracy seeks to enhance democracy, including aspects like civic technology and E-government.