hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prix de Royallieu
The Prix de Royallieu is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbred fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 2,800 metres (about 1 mile and 6 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late September or early October.

Longchamp Racecourse
The Longchamp Racecourse (French: Hippodrome de Longchamp, pronounced [ipɔdʁom də lɔ̃ʃɑ̃]) is a 57-hectare (140-acre) horse-racing facility located on the Route des Tribunes at the Bois de Boulogne in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, France. It is used for flat racing and is noted for its variety of interlaced tracks and a famous hill that provides a real challenge to competing thoroughbreds. It has several racetracks varying from 1,000 to 4,000 metres in length, with 46 different starting posts.

The course is home to more than half of the group one races held in France, and it has a capacity of 50,000. The highlight of the calendar is the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. Held on the first weekend in October, the event attracts the best horses from around the world.

The leather fashion goods company Longchamp got its name from the facility.
Martin Hollis (philosopher)
James Martin Hollis (14 March 1938 – 27 February 1998) was an English rationalist philosopher, born in London.

Writing for The Independent, Timothy O'Hagan, an Emeritus Professor at the University of East Anglia, argued that central to Hollis's rationalism was "the epistemological unity of mankind", the view that "some beliefs are universal ... There are, because there have to be, percepts and concepts shared by all who can understand each other." This rationalism, of Hollis, was in its early formulations strongly influenced by Peter Strawson and applied to understanding and explaining the approach of the social sciences.

Timothy O'Hagan
Timothy David Brendan O'Hagan (4 January 1945 – 19 May 2025) was a British philosopher, who was a professor in the Department of Philosophy, University of East Anglia.

O'Hagan is best known for his work on Rousseau's thought (Rousseau, 1999) and philosophy of law (The End of Law?, 1984).

O'Hagan died on 19 May 2025, at the age of 80.
1951 French legislative election in Guinea
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in Guinea on 17 June 1951. The number of seats Guinea had in the Assembly had increased from two to three. Suffrage was also extended, with the number of registered voters increasing from 131,309 in the 1946 election to 393,628 in 1951, although voter turnout decreased from 73% to 57%.

The Socialist List of the Guinean Union won two seats (Yacine Diallo and Albert Liurette) with the Guinean Agreement winning the other (Mamba Sano).

November 1946 French legislative election in Guinea
Elections to the French National Assembly were held Guinea on 10 November 1946, as part of the wider French elections. The territory elected two members to the Assembly. The Socialist and Progressive Union and the Socialist Party won one seat each, taken by Yacine Diallo and Mamba Sano respectively.
Abbotsleigh, Devon
Abbotsleigh is a hamlet in the county of Devon, England. Abbotsleigh is in the civil parish of Blackawton, within the district council of South Hams in Devon. It is about 5 miles (8.0 km) south-west of Dartmouth.

Blackawton
Blackawton is a village and civil parish in the South Hams district of Devon, England.  According to the 2001 census, it had a population of 647.  Blackawton is a major part of the West Dart electoral ward. The ward's population at the 2011 census was 1,946.  The village is about six miles west of Dartmouth.

The church is 15th-century, with a Norman baptismal font and a well-preserved rood screen.

Blackawton has hosted an annual worm charming competition since 1984.

There is one pub in Blackawton, The George Inn. A second pub, The Normandy Arms, has since closed.

The village runs its own village shop and post office, all run by volunteers.

In 2010 a study of bumblebee behaviour by pupils from Blackawton Primary School was accepted for publication in the Royal Society's Biology Letters journal.
Jen Hudak
Jennifer Hudak (born September 7, 1986) is an American freestyle skier, specializing in the halfpipe event. Her professional skiing career began in 2004, when she won the US Free Skiing Open. In 2005 and 2006, Hudak won the Junior National and U.S. National Halfpipe Championship, respectively. She tore her ACL in 2012. Hudak graduated in 2017 from the University of Utah with her bachelor's degree in psychology. She is the daughter of computer scientist Paul Hudak.

Paul Hudak
Paul Raymond Hudak (July 15, 1952 – April 29, 2015) was an American musician and professor of computer science at Yale University who was best known for his involvement in the design of the programming language Haskell, and for several textbooks on Haskell and computer music. He was a chair of the department, and was also master of Saybrook College. He died on April 29, 2015, of leukemia.
Willingham by Stow
Willingham by Stow is a rural village in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish (known as Willingham) at the 2011 census was 488. It is situated on the B1241, 6 miles (10 km)  south-east from Gainsborough and 10 miles (16.1 km)  north-west from Lincoln. To the north is Kexby, to the south is Stow and to the east is Fillingham.

The name "Willingham" means "homestead/village of the people of Willa".

Gainsborough, Lincolnshire
Gainsborough (/ˈɡeɪnzbərə/) is a market town and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The population was 20,842 at the 2011 census, and estimated at 23,243 in 2019. It lies on the east bank of the River Trent, 18 miles (29 km) north-west of Lincoln, 16 miles (26 km) south-west of Scunthorpe, 20 miles south-east of Doncaster and 39 miles (63 km) east of Sheffield. It is sometimes claimed to be England's furthest-inland port.
Corporate alumni
Corporate alumni are former employees of an organization. The term "corporate" is prefaced to recognize the difference from "alumni" who are graduates or former students of universities, colleges or schools.

Corporate alumni programs are commonplace among larger organizations in niche labor fields with a primary focus on boomerang hires.

Fostering of corporate alumni was recognized as an organizational value by Reid Hoffman, founder of LinkedIn, in his book The Alliance. In 2018 Deloitte recognized in their annual business transformation report that "the employee experience doesn't end at the exit interview".

Examples of corporations with corporate alumni programs include: P&G, HSBC, Nestle, Accenture, McKinsey and Pearson, and professional services organizations such as McKinsey & Company are often cited in the news for their prominent alumni who include CEOs of organizations including Google, Morgan Stanley, Boeing and others.

P&G Alumni
The P&G Alumni Network is a nonprofit organization founded by alumni to help former P&G employees stay connected. The network includes 50,000 former P&G employees and is one of the founding corporate alumni networks that later became commonplace.

The P&G Alumni Network is not formally connected with P&G, but the company provides support, financial assistance and allows the use of the P&G name.

In November 2018, P&G Alumni entered into a formal agreement with SAP & EnterpriseAlumni for the delivery of a new enterprise platform to manage the global community.
1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak
A severe outbreak of cholera occurred in 1854 near Broad Street (now Broadwick Street) and Golden Square in Soho, London, England, during the worldwide 1846–1860 cholera pandemic. The outbreak (also known as Golden Square outbreak), which killed 616 people, is best known for the physician John Snow's study of its causes and his hypothesis that germ-contaminated water was the cause, rather than something in the air called "miasma". This discovery influenced public health and the construction of improved sanitation facilities beginning in the mid-19th century. Later, the term "focus of infection" was used to describe sites, such as the Broad Street pump, where conditions are favourable for transmission of infection. Snow unknowingly took advantage of a natural experiment during his endeavours to identify the cause of cholera transmission.

Cesspit
Cesspit, cesspool and soak pit in some contexts are terms with various meanings: they are used to describe either an underground holding tank (sealed at the bottom) or a soak pit (not sealed at the bottom). A cesspit can be used for the temporary collection and storage of feces, excreta, or fecal sludge as part of an on-site sanitation system and has some similarities with septic tanks or with soak pits. Traditionally, it was a deep cylindrical chamber dug into the ground, having approximate dimensions of 1 metre (3.3 ft) diameter and 2–3 metres (6.6–9.8 ft) depth. Its appearance was similar to that of a hand-dug water well.

The pit can be lined with bricks or concrete, covered with a slab, and needs to be emptied frequently when in use as an underground holding tank.  In other cases (if soil and groundwater conditions allow), it is not constructed watertight, to allow liquid to leach out (similar to a pit latrine or to a soak pit).
Bombyx huttoni
Bombyx huttoni, or the chocolate-tipped silk moth,  is a moth belonging to the silk moth family, Bombycidae. It is closely related to the domestic silk moth (Bombyx mori).

It was described by John O. Westwood in 1847. Westwood named the species after a Captain Thomas Hutton, FRGS of Mussoorie who forwarded the specimen to him. The type specimen was collected by Hutton in Simla in 1837 but illness of the collector and the advent of the First Anglo-Afghan War delayed its dispatch to Europe till 1842.
Bombyx huttoni is one of the moths of the superfamily Bombycoidea which have had their complete mitochondrial genome reconstructed from whole-genome Illumina sequencing data.

Bombycidae
The Bombycidae are a family of moths known as silkworm moths. The best-known species is Bombyx mori (Linnaeus), or domestic silk moth, native to northern China and domesticated for millennia. Another well-known species is Bombyx mandarina, also native to Asia.
Oscar Berger-Levrault
Oscar François George Berger-Levrault (9 May 1826 in Strasbourg – 24 September 1903 in Nancy) was a French philatelist. The invention of the stamp catalogue is attributed to him and to the Englishman, John Edward Gray.

John Edward Gray
John Edward Gray FRS (12 February 1800 – 7 March 1875) was a British zoologist. He was the elder brother of zoologist George Robert Gray and son of the pharmacologist and botanist Samuel Frederick Gray (1766–1828). The standard author abbreviation J.E.Gray is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name. The same is used for a zoological name.

Gray was keeper of zoology at the British Museum in London from 1840 until Christmas 1874, before the natural history holdings were split off to the Natural History Museum. He published several catalogues of the museum collections that included comprehensive discussions of animal groups and descriptions of new species. He improved the zoological collections to make them amongst the best in the world.
White Pass & Yukon Route 73
White Pass & Yukon Route 73 is a narrow-gauge 2-8-2 "Mikado" type steam locomotive. It was built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works for the White Pass and Yukon Route in May 1947.  After retirement on June 30, 1964, the locomotive was moved to Bennett, British Columbia, in 1968 for static display. In 1979, the locomotive was moved again to Whitehorse, Yukon, this time to be restored to operating condition. Restoration was completed in 1982, and the locomotive has been back in service since then. As of 2010 it was the larger of two operating steam locomotives on the line.

2-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and two trailing wheels on one axle, usually in a trailing truck. This configuration of steam locomotive is most often referred to as a Mikado, frequently shortened to Mike.

It was also at times referred to on some railroads in the United States as the McAdoo Mikado and, during World War II, the MacArthur.

The notation 2-8-2T indicates a tank locomotive of this wheel arrangement, the "T" suffix indicating a locomotive on which the water is carried in tanks mounted on the engine rather than in an attached tender.
Ohm Krüger
Ohm Krüger (English: Uncle Krüger) is a 1941 German biographical film directed by Hans Steinhoff and starring Emil Jannings, Lucie Höflich, and Werner Hinz. It was one of a series of major propaganda films produced in Nazi Germany attacking the United Kingdom. The film depicts the life of the South African politician Paul Kruger and his eventual defeat by the British during the Boer War.

It was the first film to be awarded the 'Film of the Nation' award. It was re-released in 1944.

Reich Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda
The Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda (Reichsministerium für Volksaufklärung und Propaganda, RMVP), also known simply as the Ministry of Propaganda (Propagandaministerium), controlled the content of the press, literature, visual arts, film, theater, music and radio in Nazi Germany.

The ministry was created as the central institution of Nazi propaganda shortly after the party's national seizure of power in January 1933. In the Hitler cabinet, it was headed by Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels, who exercised control over all German mass media and creative artists through his ministry and the Reich Chamber of Culture (Reichskulturkammer), which was established in the fall of 1933. It was abolished by the Flensburg Government on 5 May 1945.
Cornamona
Corr na Móna (anglicized as Cornamona) is a village and townland in County Galway, Ireland. It is part of the Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking region) in Joyce Country.

The village lies on the north of Lough Corrib in the middle of the Joyce Country Mountain and Lake Districts. It is a popular site among trout and salmon anglers.

The eastern edge of the area comes down to the shores of the Corrib while the western edge borders the upland area of An Mám, the Maam Valley and the Maumturk Mountains.

The local secondary school is Coláiste Naomh Feichín, Corr na Móna. The village also has a shop, pub, playground, pier and community centre.

Corr na Móna was used as the filming location for Foscadh, an Irish language film released in 2021.

Maumturks
The Maumturks or Maamturks (Irish: Sléibhte Mhám Toirc; mountains of the boar's pass) is a mountain range in Connemara, County Galway, in the west of Ireland. It is a long, broadly-straight range, consisting of weathered quartzite peaks in its central section. The Maumturks lie east of the Twelve Bens, on the other side of Lough Inagh and the Inagh Valley (a Western Way route).
Draken-class submarine (1960)
The Draken class was a submarine class built for the Swedish Navy from 1960 to 1962. A total of six submarines were delivered. Four of the boats were modernised in 1981–1982. The design was a modified version of the Hajen class with only one shaft with a larger 5-bladed propeller for improved underwater performance and reduced noise. Draken, Vargen, Nordkaparen and Springaren were ordered from Kockums.  Gripen and Delfinen were from Karlskrona. These boats were decommissioned 1988–1990 and were succeeded by the Sjöormen and Näcken-class submarines.

One submarine, HSwMS Nordkaparen, was preserved and can be seen at the Maritiman in Gothenburg.

Sjöormen-class submarine
The Sjöormen class (Sea serpent) was a class of submarines built for the Swedish Navy in the late 1960s. They had a teardrop hull shape and were capable of diving to 150 metres (490 ft). At the time of their deployment they were regarded as one of the most advanced non-nuclear submarine classes in the world, incorporating many new features including an x-rudder and anechoic tiles. Both speed and underwater endurance were at the time very high for a conventional submarine. The submarines were retired by Sweden in the early 1990s. In the late 1990s, all five submarines were acquired by the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) and four were relaunched as the Challenger class following modernisation and tropicalisation. The fifth was never relaunched as it was used for spare parts and subsequently scrapped in the 2000s. As of November 2024, the Challenger class has been decommissioned.
HMS Saracen (P247)
HMS Saracen was a third-batch S-class submarine built for the Royal Navy during the Second World War. Completed in 1942, Saracen conducted a patrol in the North Sea where she sank a German U-boat. She was then assigned to the 10th Submarine Flotilla in Malta, from where she made three patrols; on her second, she sank an Italian submarine. Saracen was then reassigned to the 8th Submarine Flotilla, based in Algiers, French North Africa.

Operating from there, she conducted six patrols, sinking seven ships and landing agents in Corsica and Sardinia. On her twelfth patrol, Saracen was heavily damaged by two depth charge attacks from Italian destroyers. On 13 August 1943, Saracen was detected by two Italian corvettes and again attacked with depth charges. With several leaks in her pressure hull, the submarine surfaced and her crewmen abandoned ship. She was then scuttled and 46 out of 48 men were rescued by the Italian ships. Saracen's wreck was discovered in 2015 off Corsica.

Acciaio-class submarine
The Acciaio-class submarine (also sometimes called Platino class) was the fifth subclass of the 600 Series of coastal submarines built by the Regia Marina. They were completed during the early 1940s and saw service in World War II.
Brackwanshagh
Brackwanshagh (Irish: Breacbháinseach) is a townland within the parish of Kilbelfad and the historic barony of Tirawley in County Mayo, Ireland. It borders Lisduvoge, Carrowgarve, Carrowvaneen, Ballyhanruck and Rinmore townlands. As of 2011, Brackwanshagh had 58 residents in 20 occupied houses.

Lisduvoge
Lisduvoge (Irish: Lios Dubhóige) is a townland in the civil parish of Kilbelfad and the barony of Tirawley in County Mayo, Ireland. The townland is approximately 1.2 square kilometres (0.5 sq mi) in area. As of 2011, there were 76 people in 21 houses in Lisduvoge. Lough Conn Airfield, a small grass airstrip, is within the townland.
National Unity Platform
The National Unity Platform (NUP, Swahili: Jukwaa la Umoja wa Kitaifa), formerly the National Unity, Reconciliation and Development Party (NURP), is a political party in Uganda led by Robert Kyagulanyi Ssentamu (also known as Bobi Wine). The NURP was led by Moses Nkonge Kibalama from December 2004 until July 2020. On 14 July 2020, Robert Kyagulanyi Ssentamu assumed leadership of the party and was declared the party flag-bearer for the 2021 presidential elections.

Electoral Commission of Uganda
The Electoral Commission of Uganda, also Uganda Electoral Commission, is a constitutionally established organ of the Government of Uganda, whose mandate is to "organise and conduct regular, free and fair elections" in the country, in an efficient, professional and impartial manner.
Chaetodon mertensii
Chaetodon mertensii, the atoll butterflyfish, yellowback butterflyfish or Merten's butterflyfish,  is a species of marine ray finned fish, a butterflyfish belonging to the family Chaetodontidae. It is found in the western Pacific Ocean.

Chaetodon argentatus
Chaetodon argentatus, the Asian butterflyfish, three band butterflyfish or black pearlscaled butterflyfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish a butterflyfish belonging to the family Chaetodontidae. It is native to the western Pacific Ocean.
Speculative philosophy
Speculative philosophy is philosophy that seeks to reflect on all aspects of human experience to construct a comprehensive view of reality. Its aim is to integrate the insights from various domains into a unified understanding of existence.

Historically, speculative philosophy has been central to the work of philosophers like Plato, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, and Alfred North Whitehead, who all developed large-scale theories about reality, existence, and knowledge. The term was coined by C. D. Broad as a distinction from critical philosophy.

Reality
Reality is the state of everything that exists, not how they might be imagined. Different cultures and academic disciplines conceptualize it in various ways.

Philosophical questions about the nature of reality, existence, or being are considered under the rubric of ontology, a major branch of metaphysics in the Western intellectual tradition. Ontological questions also feature in diverse branches of philosophy, including the philosophy of science, religion, mathematics, and logic. These include questions about whether only physical objects are real (e.g., physicalism), whether reality is fundamentally immaterial (e.g., idealism), whether hypothetical unobservable entities posited by scientific theories exist (e.g., scientific realism), whether God exists, whether numbers and other abstract objects exist, and whether possible worlds exist. Skeptics question whether any of those claims is true, and suggest more extreme postulates.
Pico da Cruz (village)
Pico da Cruz is a settlement in the northeastern part of the island of Santo Antão, Cape Verde. In 2010 its population was 138. It is situated 6 km southwest of Pombas and 10 km northeast of the island capital Porto Novo. Its elevation is about 1,400 meters. The village is named after the nearby mountain Pico da Cruz. It lies in the Cova-Paul-Ribeira da Torre Natural Park.

Pombas, Cape Verde
Pombas is a city in the northeastern part of the island of Santo Antão, Cape Verde. It is the seat of the municipality Paul. It is situated on the coast, at the mouth of the Ribeira do Paul, 7 km (4.3 mi) southeast of Ribeira Grande and 15 km (9.3 mi) north of the island capital Porto Novo. The national roads EN1-SA02 and EN1-SA03 connect Pombas with Ribeira Grande and Porto Novo, respectively. Pombas was elevated from town to city in 2010.
1503 Kuopio
1503 Kuopio (provisional designation 1938 XD) is a stony Eunomian asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 19 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 December 1938, by astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at the Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland. The asteroid was named for the Finnish town of Kuopio.

Yrjö Väisälä
Yrjö Väisälä (Finnish: [ˈyrjø ˈʋæi̯sælæ] ⓘ; 6 September 1891 – 21 July 1971) was a Finnish astronomer and physicist.

His main contributions were in the field of optics. He was also active in geodetics, astronomy and optical metrology. He had an affectionate nickname of Wizard of Tuorla (Observatory/Optics laboratory), and a book with the same title in Finnish describes his works. His discoveries include 128 asteroids and 3 comets.

His brothers were mathematician Kalle Väisälä (1893–1968) and meteorologist Vilho Väisälä (1889–1969). His daughter Marja Väisälä (1916–2011) was an astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.

Väisälä was a fervent supporter of Esperanto, presiding over the Internacia Scienca Asocio Esperantista ("International Association of Esperanto Scientists") in 1968.