hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saladin Governorate
The Saladin, Salah ad Din, or Salah Al-Din Governorate (Arabic: محافظة صلاح الدين, Muḥāfaẓat Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn) is one of Iraq's 19 governorates, north of Baghdad. It has an area of 24,363 square kilometres (9,407 sq mi), with an estimated population of 1,042,200 people in 2003. It is made up of 8 districts, with the capital being Tikrit. Before 1976 the governorate was part of Baghdad Governorate.

The governorate is named after Saladin or Salah ad-Din. This governorate is largely Sunni Arab and is also where Saddam Hussein, former president of Iraq, was born, in the village of Al-Awja. Salah Al-Din governorate, a traditional stronghold of Saddam and his Al-Bu Nasir tribe that is located in the heart of the Sunni Triangle, has been a centre of insurgencies, tribal rivalries, and political and sectarian violence since the 2003 U.S.-led Coalition invasion of Iraq.

Al-Bu Nasir (Iraqi tribe)
Al-Bu Nasir (Arabic: ألبو ناصر) is one of the Arab tribes of Iraq. Al-Bu Nasir is a tribe of around 35,000 people who primarily inhabit the town of Tikrit and the surrounding area of northern central Iraq, as well as many other areas in south and central Iraq. The progenitor of the Al-Bu Nasir tribe is Ahmed ibn Hussein ibn Ibrahim ibn Mahmoud (ناصر بن حسين بن إبراهيم بن محمود).
Tom Beauchamp
Tom Lamar Beauchamp III (December 2, 1939 – February 19, 2025) was an American philosopher. He specialized in the work of David Hume, moral philosophy, bioethics, and animal ethics. Beauchamp was Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at Georgetown University, where he was Senior Research Scholar at the Kennedy Institute of Ethics.

Beauchamp authored or co-authored several books on ethics and on Hume, including Hume and the Problem of Causation (1981, with Alexander Rosenberg), Principles of Biomedical Ethics (1985, with James F. Childress), and The Human Use of Animals (1998, with F. Barbara Orlans et al). He was the co-editor with R. G. Frey of The Oxford Handbook of Animal Ethics (2011). He was also the co-editor of the complete works of Hume, The Critical Edition of the Works of David Hume (1999), published by Oxford University Press.

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
2019 Yukon Men's Curling Championship
The 2019 Yukon Men's Curling Championship, the territorial men's curling championship for Yukon was held February 7 to 10 at the Whitehorse Curling Club in Whitehorse, Yukon. The winning Jon Solberg team represented the Yukon at the 2019 Tim Hortons Brier, Canada's national men's curling championship.

Yukon Men's Curling Championship
The Yukon Men's Curling Championship is the men's territorial championship for men's curling in the Yukon. Beginning in 2015, the event serves as a direct qualifier to the Tim Hortons Brier, Canada's national men's curling championships. Prior to 2015, the event served as a qualifier for the Yukon/NWT Men's Curling Championship.
History of Guinea-Bissau
The region now known as Guinea-Bissau, in West Africa, has been inhabited by humans for thousands of years. During the 13th century CE, it was a province of the Mali Empire which later became independent as the empire of Kaabu. The Portuguese Empire claimed the region during the 1450s, but its control was limited to several forts along the coast during most of this period; it gained control of the mainland after a series of "pacification campaigns" from 1912 to 1915, which used military forces to violently crush local resistance. The offshore Bijagos Islands were not colonized until 1936. Guinea-Bissau gained independence from Portugal in 1974. The introduction of multi-party politics in 1991 led to the first multi-party elections in 1994. A civil war broke out in 1998, which lasted until the following year.

Bissau
Bissau (/bɪˈsaʊ/; Portuguese pronunciation: [biˈsaw]) is the capital and largest city of Guinea-Bissau. As of 2015, it had a population of 492,004. Bissau is located on the Geba River estuary, off the Atlantic Ocean, and is Guinea-Bissau's largest city, major port, its administrative and military center.
Chuzhou
Chuzhou (Chinese: 滁州; pinyin: Chúzhōu) is a prefecture-level city in eastern Anhui Province, China. It borders the provincial capital of Hefei to the south and southwest, Huainan to the west, Bengbu to the northwest, and the province of Jiangsu to the east. According to the 2010 Chinese census, the city of Chuzhou has a registered population of 3,987,054 inhabitants, of whom 1,198,719 live in the built-up (or metro) area made of two urban districts, with Lai'an County now largely being urbanized. Nevertheless, 7,260,240 persons declared to be permanent residents.

Administrative divisions of China
The administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since 1412, due to mainland China's large population and geographical area. In the People's Republic of China, the constitution provides for three levels of government. However in practice, there are five levels of local government; the provincial (province, autonomous region, municipality, and special administrative region), prefecture, county, township, and village.

Since the 17th century, provincial boundaries in mainland China have remained largely static. Major changes since then have been the reorganization of provinces in the northeast after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and the formation of autonomous regions, based on Soviet ethnic policies. The provinces serve an important cultural role in China, as people tend to identify with their native province.
Saint-Doulchard
Saint-Doulchard (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ dulʃaʁ]) is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France along the banks of the Yèvre and the canal de Berry, immediately west of Bourges.

Bourges
Bourges (/bʊərʒ/ BOORZH; French: [buʁʒ] ⓘ; Borges in Berrichon) is a commune in central France on the river Yèvre. It is the capital of the department of Cher, and also was the capital city of the former province of Berry. It is part of the Centre-Val de Loire region of France.
Maxwell (footballer, born 1981)
Maxwell Scherrer Cabelino Andrade (born 27 August 1981), known as Maxwell, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a left-back. He is currently employed by Paris Saint-Germain as assistant sporting director.

Maxwell came through the ranks at Cruzeiro and played for Ajax, Inter Milan, Barcelona and Paris Saint-Germain, winning trophies for each of these clubs. He was the most decorated active footballer in Europe at the time of his retirement, with 31 official titles. He made his international debut with Brazil in 2013 and appeared at the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

Dutch Footballer of the Year
The title Dutch Footballer of the Year (Dutch: Voetballer van het Jaar) has been awarded in the Netherlands since 1984. The award is determined by a poll of Dutch professional footballers playing in the First (Eredivisie) and Second (Eerste Divisie) leagues.

Until 1997, it was an annual award, afterwards the prize was rewarded at the end of the football season. In 2006, the award merged with the annual prize named Golden Boot (Gouden Schoen), awarded since 1982 by the Dutch daily De Telegraaf and the Dutch football magazine Voetbal International.
Eden train wreck
The Eden train wreck of August 7, 1904, occurred when the No. 11 Missouri Pacific Flyer from Denver, Colorado, to St Louis, Missouri, crossed the Dry Creek arroyo bridge near Eden Station, 8 miles (13 km) north of Pueblo, Colorado. As the engine crossed the bridge, a flash flood wave passed over the trestle shearing off the front half of the train and dragging 97 people to their deaths with 22 missing and another dying later of injuries.

Missouri Pacific Railroad
The Missouri Pacific Railroad (reporting mark MP), commonly abbreviated as MoPac, was one of the first railroads in the United States west of the Mississippi River. MoPac was a Class I railroad growing from dozens of predecessors and mergers. In 1967, the railroad operated 9,041 miles of road and 13,318 miles of track, not including DK&S, NO&LC, T&P, and its subsidiaries C&EI and Missouri-Illinois.

Union Pacific Corporation, the parent company of the Union Pacific Railroad, agreed to buy the Missouri Pacific Railroad on January 8, 1980. Lawsuits filed by competing railroads delayed approval of the merger until September 13, 1982. After the Supreme Court denied a trial to the Southern Pacific, the merger took effect on December 22, 1982. However, due to outstanding bonds of the Missouri Pacific, its full merger into the Union Pacific Railroad did not become official until January 1, 1997.
1934 Grand National
The 1934 Grand National was the 93rd renewal of the Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England, on 23 March 1934.

It was won by 8/1 shot Golden Miller in 9:20.4, breaking The Huntsman's 72-year-old record, and also becoming the first horse to win both the Grand National and the Cheltenham Gold Cup in the same year. The seven-year-old was ridden by jockey Gerry Wilson and trained by Basil Briscoe for owner Dorothy Paget.

Delaneige finished in second place, Thomond II was third and 1932 winner Forbra was fourth.

Thirty horses ran and all returned safely to the stables.

Aintree Racecourse
Aintree Racecourse is a racecourse in Aintree, Merseyside, England, near to Liverpool. The racecourse is the venue for the Grand National steeplechase, which takes place annually in April over three days. Aintree also holds meetings in May, October (Sunday), November and December (both Saturdays).

The Aintree Racecourse had suffered three major disruptions in post-war history, starting with the 1993 Grand National due to a series of false starts and no winner was announced, followed by the 1997 Grand National, postponed to Monday because of an IRA bomb threat and the 2023 Grand National was delayed due to Animal Rights protesters.
Horace Stoneham
Horace Charles Stoneham (/ˈstoʊnəm/ STOW-nəm; April 27, 1903 – January 7, 1990) was the owner of the New York / San Francisco Giants from 1936 to 1976. During his ownership, the Giants won the 1954 World Series and four National League pennants in 1936, 1937, 1951, and 1962, and moved from Manhattan to San Francisco.

Bill Terry
William Harold Terry (October 30, 1898 – January 9, 1989) was an American professional baseball first baseman and manager. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Giants from 1923 to 1936 and managed the Giants from 1932 to 1941. Terry was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1954. In 1999, he ranked number 59 on The Sporting News list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was a nominee for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team. The Giants retired Terry's uniform number 3 in 1984; it is posted on the facade of the upper deck in the left field corner of Oracle Park. Nicknamed "Memphis Bill", he is most remembered for being the last National League player to hit .400, a feat he accomplished by batting .401 in 1930.
Perry Ng
Perry Tian Hee Ng (/ˈɛnˈdʒiː/) (born 24 June 1996) is an English professional footballer who plays either as a full-back or centre-back for EFL League One club Cardiff City.

Ng made his professional debut for Crewe Alexandra in 2015, after a loan at Hyde United, and made 182 appearances for Crewe before joining Cardiff City in January 2021 where he won two consecutive 'Player of the season' awards, in the 2022–23 and 2023–24 campaigns.

2023–24 Cardiff City F.C. season
The 2023–24 season was the 125th season in the history of Cardiff City and their fifth consecutive season in the Championship. The club were participating in the Championship, the FA Cup, and the EFL Cup.
Frogmore, Hertfordshire
Frogmore is a village 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Radlett in Hertfordshire, and 2 miles (3.2 km) south of St Albans city centre (though in said city's contiguous built-up area). It is located in St Stephen civil parish, within the City and District of St Albans, and the county of Hertfordshire.

It includes the 19th century Holy Trinity church designed by Sir George Gilbert Scott, and Moor Mill featuring two water wheels, (not to be confused with Henry Fourdrinier's Frogmore Paper Mill in Apsley, Hemel Hempstead).

Radlett
Radlett is a large village in Hertfordshire, England, between Elstree and St Albans on Watling Street, with a population of 10,060. It is in the council district of Hertsmere in the south of the county, and forms part of the civil parish of Aldenham. Radlett is located just inside the M25 motorway between Watford and Borehamwood.
1999 World Badminton Grand Prix Finals
The 1999 World Badminton Grand Prix Finals was the 17th edition of the World Badminton Grand Prix Finals. It was held in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei from December 1 to December 5, 1999. The prize money was USD300,000.

World Badminton Grand Prix Finals
The World Badminton Grand Prix Finals was an annual badminton tournament organized by the International Badminton Federation (IBF) to crown the best badminton player of the year. The tournament only invited the top eight players in the year-end world rankings. The tournament started in 1983, with the last tournament held in 2001 (delayed from 2000).
Rebel (wrestler)
Tanea Brooks (born September 8, 1978), better known by the ring name Rebel, is an American professional wrestler, professional wrestling manager, model, actress, dancer, and cosmetologist. As of 2019, she is signed to All Elite Wrestling. She is also known for her work in Impact Wrestling.

Manager (professional wrestling)
In professional wrestling, a manager is a supporting character paired with a wrestler (or wrestlers) for a variety of reasons. A woman accompanying, or "seconding", a male wrestler to a match is sometimes referred to as a valet.

Performers who assume this role may be non-wrestlers, occasional wrestlers, older wrestlers who have retired or are nearing retirement, the tag team partner of the wrestler they are managing, or new wrestlers who are breaking into the business (or a specific company) and need experience in front of the crowds. The wrestler who is paired with a manager may be referred to as their charge, client, or ward. A professional wrestling manager's portrayal as a wrestler's decision-maker is usually fictional and has nothing to do with a wrestler or promotion's real-world counterpart or road agent.
Laufersweiler
Laufersweiler is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kirchberg, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Electorate of Trier
The Electorate of Trier (German: Kurfürstentum Trier or Kurtrier; French: Trèves) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that existed from the end of the 9th to the early 19th century. It was the temporal possession of the prince-archbishop of Trier (Erzbistum Trier) who was, ex officio, a prince-elector of the empire. The other ecclesiastical electors were the archbishops (in the secular context called simply electors) of Cologne and Mainz.

The capital of the electorate was Trier; from the 16th century onward, the main residence of the Elector was in Koblenz. The electorate was secularized in 1803 in the course of the German mediatisation.

The Elector of Trier, in his capacity as archbishop, also administered the Archdiocese of Trier, whose territory did not correspond to the electorate (see map below).
Water polo at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's water polo tournament at the 2004 Summer Olympics was contested between August 16 and August 26 at the Olympic Aquatic Centre in the Athens Olympic Sports Complex. Eight teams qualified for the Games, with Italy defeating the host nation Greece for the gold medal.  The United States won the bronze medal.

Greece women's national water polo team
The Greece women's national water polo team represents Greece in international women's water polo competitions. Since the mid-1990s, Greece have emerged as one of the leading powers in the world, becoming World Champions after their gold medal win at the 2011 World Championship. 14 years later again in Asia, in Singapore this time they repeated their triumph by beating Hungary in the final of the 2025 World Championship. Greece women's national water polo team is the only team in the nation's sport history to have won gold medals (at least once) in world championships competitions at any olympic team sport.

They have also won the silver medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics, the gold medal at the 2005 World League, 4 silver medals at the 2010, 2012, 2018 European Championships and 2022 European Championships and the gold medal at the 2018 Europa Cup.
Dyrkorn
Dyrkorn is a small village in Fjord Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located in a small valley on the eastern coast of the Storfjorden. The village is in a small valley that is surrounded by large mountains. In the innermost parts of the valley, there are some high plateaus where there are small summer mountain farms (see Seter) that were used by farmers for summer grazing of their cattle. The only road access to the village is by tunnels. The Dyrkorn Tunnel connects it to the village of Sjøholt to the north and the Stordal Tunnel connects it to the village of Stordal to the southeast. Across the fjord on the steep mountainside is Ytste Skotet, a preserved historical farm that is now a living museum.

Fjord Municipality
Fjord is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sunnmøre. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Stordal. Other villages in the municipality include Valldal, Eidsdal, Norddal, Tafjord, Fjørå/Selboskarbygda, Sylte. The name Fjord is a common word and name part in Norway and was chosen for the new municipality established in 2020 for reasons of search engine optimization, despite not having any historical tradition in the municipality.

The 1,191-square-kilometre (460 sq mi) municipality is the 92nd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Fjord Municipality is the 255th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,492. The municipality's population density is 2.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (5.4/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 8.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Mohamed Ali Hafez
Mohamed Ali Hafiz (Arabic: محمد علي حافظ) of the  Federation for Scouts and Girl Guides served on the World Scout Committee of the World Organization of the Scout Movement from 1957 to 1963 and again from 1965 to 1971.

In 1957, an Arab Scout Bureau was established, with Hafiz as first Secretary-General.

In 1963, Hafez was awarded the Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.

Bronze Wolf Award
The World Organization of the Scout Movement's Bronze Wolf Award is presented by it for outstanding international service by an individual to the Scout Movement.

The award consists of a bronze wolf pendant hung on a dark green ribbon bordered by two narrow stripes of yellow.

The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) has awarded just over 400 Bronze Wolf Awards since it inaugurated its award in 1935. WOSM has restricted the number of recipients in order to maintain the award's significance. Currently, the award is limited to approximately one recipient for every two million members worldwide.
Thumb
The thumb is the first digit of the hand, next to the index finger. When a person is standing in the medical anatomical position (where the palm is facing to the front), the thumb is the outermost digit. The Medical Latin English noun for thumb is pollex (compare hallux for big toe), and the corresponding adjective for thumb is pollical.

Sesamoid bone
In anatomy, a sesamoid bone (/ˈsɛsəmɔɪd/) is a bone embedded within a tendon or a muscle. Its name is derived from the Greek word for 'sesame seed', indicating the small size of most sesamoids. Often, these bones form in response to strain, or can be present as a normal variant. The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. Sesamoids act like pulleys, providing a smooth surface for tendons to slide over, increasing the tendon's ability to transmit muscular forces.
Pedro Riesco
Pedro Riesco Herrera (born 25 October 1969) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a forward. After retirement, he worked as a youth coach and an agent, as well as having success in amateur seven-a-side football.

He amassed La Liga totals of 93 games and 12 goals during four seasons with Rayo Vallecano, Deportivo La Coruña, Real Valladolid and Albacete Balompié. He also played in the second and third tiers of Spanish football in the course of a 14-year professional career.

1995–96 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup
The 1995–96 season of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup was won by Paris Saint-Germain 1–0 in the final against Austrian entrants Rapid Wien in Brussels on 8 May 1996.

The 1995–96 season also saw the return of Yugoslav clubs on the international scene after a three-year ban due to a UN embargo. However, the finalist of Yugoslav national cup, FK Obilić, was eliminated in the qualifying round.
Jahaj Kothi Zonal Museum
The Jahaj Kothi Museum in Hisar, Haryana, India, originally an 18th-century Jain temple which was also the residence of George Thomas (c. 1756 – 22 August 1802) and James Skinner (c. 1778 – 1841), is located inside the Firoz Shah Palace Complex which lies in front of Hisar Bus Stand.

St. James' Church, Delhi
St. James' Church (also known as Skinner's Church) is a colonial-era church located in Old Delhi, India. It was once the official church of the British Viceroy of India. The building, which was built in 1836 for James Skinner, is one of the oldest churches in the city. It remains part of the Church of North India Diocese of Delhi.

During the period of British India, the Viceroy of India attended services at the church until the Cathedral Church of the Redemption was built near the Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib in 1931. St. James' Church is situated near Kashmiri Gate, at the intersection of Church Road and Lothian Road. The only other church from this era is St. Stephen's Church, near Fatehpuri Market in Old Delhi, which was built in 1867. A bungalow belonging to the influential British India civil servant, William Fraser is behind the church; his remains are also buried in the church's graveyard.
Abbot's Chair
The Abbot's Chair is the common name of a former monastic cross, the Charlesworth Cross. Only the socket remains of this boundary cross, built by the monks of Basingwerk Abbey in North Wales. Henry II of England gave the manor of Glossop to the monks, and they gained a market charter for Glossop in 1290, and one for Charlesworth in 1328. In 1433 the monks leased all of Glossopdale to the Talbot family, later Earls of Shrewsbury.

It is close to the town of Glossop in the High Peak borough of the English county of Derbyshire, on the so-called Monks Road, near the entrance track to Taiga Farm. The monks used this route in order to reach Hayfield, Simmondley and other villages.

Glossopdale
Glossopdale is the area around Glossop, Derbyshire, England, the valley of the Glossop Brook.

It includes Glossop, Hadfield, Charlesworth, Dinting, Dinting Vale, Higher Dinting, Padfield, Old Glossop, Whitfield and Gamesley