hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Enrique Dussel
Enrique Domingo Dussel Ambrosini (24 December 1934 – 5 November 2023) was an Argentine-Mexican academic, philosopher, historian and theologian. He served as the interim rector of the Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México from 2013 to 2014.

Emmanuel Levinas
Emmanuel Levinas (born Emanuelis Levinas /ˈlɛvɪnɑːs/; French: [ɛmanɥɛl levinas]; 12 January 1906 – 25 December 1995) was a French philosopher of Lithuanian Jewish ancestry who is known for his work within Jewish philosophy, existentialism, and phenomenology, focusing on the relationship of ethics to metaphysics and ontology.
Lilienfeld radiation
Lilienfeld radiation, named after Julius Edgar Lilienfeld, is electromagnetic radiation produced when electrons hit a metal surface.

The Smith–Purcell effect is believed to be a variant of Lilienfeld radiation.

Lilienfeld radiation is shown as Transition radiation by Vitaly Ginzburg and Ilya Frank in 1945

Transition radiation
Transition radiation (TR) is a form of electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle passes through inhomogeneous media, such as a boundary between two different media. This is in contrast to Cherenkov radiation, which occurs when a charged particle passes through a homogeneous dielectric medium at a speed greater than the phase velocity of electromagnetic waves in that medium.
TR DL class
The TR DL class, later known as the EAR 23 class, was a class of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge 4-8-0 steam locomotives derived from the Nigerian Railways Emir class.  The six members of the DL/23 class were built by Beyer, Peacock & Co. in Gorton, Manchester, England, for the Tanganyika Railway (TR).  They entered service on the TR in 1923, and were later operated by the TR's successor, the East African Railways (EAR).

4-8-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-8-0 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, usually in a leading truck or bogie, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and no trailing wheels. In North America and in some other countries the type was usually known as the Twelve-wheeler.
Gary Goodridge
Gary Goodridge (born January 17, 1966) is a Trinidadian-Canadian former heavyweight kickboxer and mixed martial artist fighting out of Barrie, Ontario. Prior to kickboxing and MMA, he was also one of the top ranked contenders in the world of professional arm wrestling. In early 2012, Goodridge was diagnosed with early onset of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).

2000 in Pride FC
The year 2000 was the 4th year in the history of the Pride Fighting Championships, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Japan. 2000 had 6 events beginning with, Pride FC - Grand Prix 2000: Opening Round.
1875 AAC Championships
The 1875 AAC Championships was an outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Club (AAC). The championships were held on 22 March 1875, at the Lillie Bridge Grounds in London.

AAC Championships
The AAC Championships was an annual track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Club (the de facto governing body for amateur athletics in the United Kingdom). It was the foremost domestic athletics event in the United Kingdom during its lifetime and was the predecessor of the prestigious AAA Championships.
Kedang language
Kédang (Kdang, Dang, Kedangese) is a language spoken in the Kedang region on the north coast of Lembata Island, east of Flores, in Indonesia. The language belongs to the Austronesian family and its sub-family, Malayo-Polynesian. More specifically, the language is within the Flores-Lembata sub-group. There are approximately 30,000 speakers of the language.

Adjective
An adjective (abbreviated ADJ) is a word that describes or defines a noun or noun phrase. Its semantic role is to change information given by the noun.
The adjective is considered one of the main parts of speech of the English language, although historically they were classed together with nouns. Nowadays, certain words that usually had been classified as adjectives, including the, this, my, etc., typically are classed separately, as determiners.

Examples:

That used to be an immensely funny idea. (Prepositive attributive)

That idea is funny. (Predicative)

Tell me something funny. (Postpositive attributive)

The good, the bad, and the funny. (Substantive)

Clara Oswald, completely funny, died three times. (Appositive)
The Lost (video game)
The Lost is a third-person shooter survival horror game developed by Irrational Games. Set to be released in 2002 for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox game consoles, The Lost went through a rocky development period until it was completed, and cancelled. In 2008 the rights and assets to the game were bought by FXLabs and the game saw a release on Windows in 2009 in India, Russia, Poland and the US under different names.

Third-person shooter
Third-person shooter (TPS) is a subgenre of 3D shooter games in which the gameplay consists primarily of shooting. It is closely related to first-person shooters, but with the player character visible on-screen during play. While 2D shoot 'em up games also employ a third-person perspective, the TPS genre is distinguished by having the game presented with the player's avatar as a primary focus of the camera's view.
Ryanair UK
Ryanair UK is a British low-cost airline and is the UK subsidiary of the low-cost Irish airline group Ryanair Holdings, operating alongside Ryanair, Buzz and Malta Air. It commenced operations in March 2019. It operates Boeing 737-800 and Boeing 737 MAX 8-200 aircraft.

Malta Air
Malta Air is a low-cost airline that operates from Malta. It originally started as a joint venture between Ryanair and the Government of Malta, however, Ryanair bought out the whole company in 2025.

The new airline initially operated six former Ryanair aircraft. Ryanair planned to assign 66 routes it operates to and from Malta to this new airline and there were plans to grow the network beyond that. However, these plans were revised in May 2020, when redundancy for one third of the full complement of 179 pilots and cabin crew was announced in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Tazobactam
Tazobactam is a pharmaceutical drug that inhibits the action of bacterial β-lactamases, especially those belonging to the SHV-1 and TEM groups. It is commonly used as its sodium salt, tazobactam sodium.

Tazobactam is combined with the extended spectrum β-lactam antibiotic piperacillin in the drug piperacillin/tazobactam, used in infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Tazobactam broadens the spectrum of piperacillin by making it effective against organisms that express β-lactamase and would normally degrade piperacillin.

Tazobactam was patented in 1982 and came into medical use in 1992.

Β-Lactam antibiotic
β-Lactam antibiotics (beta-lactam antibiotics) are antibiotics that contain a β-lactam ring in their chemical
structure. This includes penicillin derivatives (penams), cephalosporins and cephamycins (cephems), monobactams, carbapenems and carbacephems. Most β-lactam antibiotics work by inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis in the bacterial organism and are the most widely used group of antibiotics. Until 2003, when measured by sales, more than half of all commercially available antibiotics in use were β-lactam compounds. The first β-lactam antibiotic discovered, penicillin, was isolated from a strain of Penicillium rubens (named as Penicillium notatum at the time).

Bacteria often develop resistance to β-lactam antibiotics by synthesizing a β-lactamase, an enzyme that attacks the β-lactam ring. To overcome this resistance, β-lactam antibiotics can be given with β-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid.
John George MacKay
John George MacKay (November 6, 1893 – October 21, 1974) was a farmer and political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented 4th Prince in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1949 to 1966 as a Liberal. MacKay was the 20th Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island, serving from October 6, 1969, to October 24, 1974.

Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island
The lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island (/lɛfˈtɛnənt/) is the representative in Prince Edward Island of the monarch, who operates distinctly within the province but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions of Canada. The lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island is appointed in the same manner as the other provincial viceroys in Canada and is similarly tasked with carrying out most of the monarch's constitutional and ceremonial duties.

The present lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island is Wassim Salamoun, who assumed the role on 17 October 2024. He is the first lieutenant governor in the history of the province who is immigrant born and not of European ancestry .
USS Apache (ATF-67)
USS Apache (AT-67/ATF-67) was a Navajo-class fleet tug, later fleet ocean tug, in commission in the United States Navy from 1942 to 1946 and from 1951 to 1974. She saw service in World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War.

Invasion of Lingayen Gulf
The Invasion of Lingayen Gulf (Pangasinan: Inlusob ed Golfo na Lingayen; Ilocano: Iraraut iti Golfo ti Lingayen; Tagalog: Paglusob sa Golfo ng Lingayen; Spanish: Invasión del Golfo de Lingayén), 3–13 January 1945, was an Allied amphibious operation in the Philippines during World War II. In the early morning of 6 January 1945, a large Allied force commanded by Admiral Jesse B. Oldendorf began approaching the shores of Lingayen from Lingayen Gulf, on the island of Luzon. U.S. Navy and Royal Australian Navy warships began bombarding suspected Japanese positions along the coast of Lingayen from their position in Lingayen Gulf for three days. On "S-Day", 9 January, the U.S. 6th Army landed on a roughly 25 mi (40 km) beachhead at the base of the Gulf between the towns of Lingayen and San Fabian.
Housekeeping provision
In Canada, statutes are one of the primary sources of law. A statute ends with housekeeping provisions, which are sections covering the details of the statute, such as the date of coming into force and the right of officials who administer the statute to make regulations under the statute.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
A Song of Joy
"A Song of Joy" ("Himno a la alegría") is the title of a popular rock song by the Spanish singer and actor Miguel Ríos. It is set to the tune of the Ninth Symphony by Ludwig van Beethoven, as arranged by Waldo de los Ríos, who specialized in arranging classical music to contemporary rhythms. 
The same melody is used in the well-known Christian hymn, "Joyful, Joyful We Adore Thee."

The single was enormously popular in many countries in 1970 (see 1970 in music), reaching number 1 on music charts in Australia, Canada, Germany, Switzerland, and the Easy Listening chart in the United States. On the U.S. pop chart, the song peaked at number 14 and was the only Top 40 hit for Ríos. In the United Kingdom, it reached number 16 on the British pop chart. In Germany, the song is the most successful pop hymn ever.
The single sold over four million copies worldwide.

The song was used for hymns and anthems.  It is most popularly used for the anthem of Teleton (Chile) and its other telethons.

The Hymn of Joy
"The Hymn of Joy" (often called "Joyful, Joyful We Adore Thee" after the first line) is a poem written by Henry van Dyke in 1907 in being a Vocal Version of the famous "Ode to Joy" melody of the final movement of Ludwig van Beethoven's final symphony, Symphony No. 9.
Ben Doherty
Ben Doherty (born 24 March 1997) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a left back for League of Ireland Premier Division club Derry City. He previously played for NIFL Premiership clubs Institute, Glenavon, Coleraine and Larne.

2021–22 County Antrim Shield
The 2021–22 County Antrim Shield was the 133rd edition of the County Antrim Shield, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

Larne won the tournament for the 2nd time and 2nd consecutive season, defeating Linfield 1–0 in the final.
Andrea Corsini (cardinal)
Andrea Corsini (11 June 1735, Florence – 18 January 1795, Rome) was an Italian cardinal. A great-nephew of pope Clement XII and a nephew of cardinal Neri Maria Corsini. Pope Clement XIII made him a cardinal in the consistory of 24 September 1759. He was camerlengo of the college of cardinals in 1771.

He was made prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura and member of the commission for the Suppression of the Jesuits in 1773. He was also economic prefect of the Collegio Romano and of the Roman seminary and vicar general for the city of Rome and its district.

Pope Clement XII
Pope Clement XII (Latin: Clemens XII; Italian: Clemente XII; 7 April 1652 – 6 February 1740), born Lorenzo Corsini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 July 1730 to his death in February 1740.

Clement presided over the growth of a surplus in the papal finances. He thus became known for building the new façade of the Basilica of Saint John Lateran, beginning construction of the Trevi Fountain, and the purchase of Cardinal Alessandro Albani's collection of antiquities for the papal gallery. In his 1738 bull In eminenti apostolatus, he provides the first public papal condemnation of Freemasonry.
Kibwezi–Kitui–Kandwia–Usueni Road
The Kibwezi–Kitui–Kandwia–Usueni Road, also B7 Road (Kenya) is a road in Kenya, the largest economy in the East African Community. The road connects the town of Kibwezi in Makueni County to the community of Usueni in Kitui County. Since its upgrading, the road has opened up many villages and rural-urban settings to business and agricultural activities.

Kitui County
Kitui County is one of the 47 counties of Kenya in the former Eastern Province of Kenya. Its capital and largest town is Kitui.  Mwingi is also another major urban centre. The county has a population of about 1.2 million people (as of 2024): 8  and an area of 30,496 km2. It lies between latitudes 0°10 South and 3°0 South and longitudes 37°50 East and 39°0 East.

Kitui County shares its borders with seven counties; Tharaka-Nithi and Meru to the north, Embu to the northwest, Machakos and Makueni to the west, Tana River to the east and southeast, and Taita-Taveta to the south.

Kitui County is "representative" of the fragile Arid and Semi-arid lands of Kenya that account for 80 percent of the land mass. These lands are characterized by high poverty levels, agro-pastoral livelihoods, high vulnerability to climate shocks, underdeveloped social infrastructure, low access to social services, and in extreme cases conflict over natural resources, especially during droughts".: 8
Abbas Araghchi
Abbas Araghchi (Persian: عباس عراقچی, pronounced [ʔæbˌbɒːse æɾɒːˈɢtʃi] ⓘ; also spelled Araqchi, born 5 December 1962) is an Iranian diplomat and politician, who has served as the foreign minister of Iran since August 2024. He previously served as the spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and as the Iranian ambassador to Finland and to Japan.

Spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran
Spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Persian: سخنگوی وزارت امور خارجه) is an official whose primary responsibility is to serve as the spokesperson for Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Until 2011, responsibility for media relations was one of the duties of an independent department of the ministry, the General Directorate of Information and Press, but there was no established position in the ministry for spokespersons, and the spokesperson was appointed as an adviser to the minister or a special assistant to the minister. In September 2011, the responsibility of the spokesperson was defined and the legal status of the head of the Center for Public Diplomacy and Media of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was appointed as the spokesperson.
Brentwood Union School District
Brentwood Union School District is a public school district based in Contra Costa County, California. The district serves approximately 9700 students from grades K–8.

It includes almost all of Brentwood and portions of Antioch and Oakley.

It feeds into Liberty Union High School District.

Liberty Union High School District
Liberty Union High School District is a public school district based in northeastern Contra Costa County, California. The district serves approximately 8200 students from grades 9-12.

The communities it serves include Brentwood, the majority of Oakley, a section of Antioch, the CDPs of Byron, Discovery Bay and Knightsen and Bethel Island.

On November 8, 2016, Liberty Union High School District voters passed Measure U, a $122 million dollar bond issue.

The current superintendent is Eric Volta, who worked as a principal at Freedom High School from 2000 to 2011. Notable superintendents include B.J. Callaghan until 1960, Wayne Boulding from the 1960s, Phil White until 1994, Dan Smith from 1994 to 2009, and Jerry Glenn from 2009 to 2011.
1892 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles
Mabel Cahill won the singles tennis title by defeating challenger Elisabeth Moore, a 16-year old player from the Hohokus Valley Tennis Club, 5–7, 6–3, 6–4, 4–6, 6–2 in the Challenge Round of the 1892 U.S. Women's National Singles Championship. Moore had won the right to challenge Cahill by defeating Helen Day Harris 5–7, 6–1, 6–1 in the final of the All Comers' competition. The event was played on outdoor grass courts and held at the Philadelphia Cricket Club in Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia from June 21 through June 25, 1892.

Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia
Chestnut Hill is a neighborhood in the Northwest Philadelphia section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.  It is known for the high incomes of its residents and high real estate values, as well as its private schools.
Shaken, not stirred
"Shaken, not stirred" is how Ian Fleming's fictional British Secret Service agent James Bond prefers his martini cocktail.

The catchphrase first appears in the novel Diamonds Are Forever (1956), though Bond himself does not actually say it until Dr. No (1958), where his exact words are "shaken and not stirred." In the film adaptations of Fleming's novels, the phrase is first uttered by the villain, Dr. Julius No (Joseph Wiseman), when he offers the drink in Dr. No (1962). It is not uttered by Bond himself (played by Sean Connery) until Goldfinger (1964). It is used in numerous Bond films thereafter with the notable exceptions of You Only Live Twice (1967), in which the drink is wrongly offered as "stirred, not shaken", to Bond's response "Perfect", and Casino Royale (2006) in which Bond (Daniel Craig), after losing millions of dollars in a game of poker, is asked if he wants his martini shaken or stirred and snaps, "Do I look like I give a damn?"

Catchphrase
A catchphrase (alternatively spelled catch phrase) is a phrase or expression recognized by its repeated utterance. Such phrases often originate in popular culture and in the arts, and typically spread through word of mouth and a variety of mass media (such as films, internet, literature and publishing, television, and radio). Some become the de facto or literal "trademark" or "signature" of the person or character with whom they originated, and can be instrumental in the typecasting of a particular actor. Catchphrases are often humorous, can be (or become) the punch line of a joke, or a callback reminder of a previous joke.
Individual wheel drive
Individual-wheel drive (IWD) is an automobile design in which the vehicle has an all-wheel drive powertrain that consists of multiple independent traction motors each supplying torque to a single drive wheel. The term was coined to identify electric vehicles with a four-motor layout, where each wheel is driven by an individual electric motor, as opposed to the differential drivetrain seen in conventional four wheel drive (4WD) ICE vehicles and the dual-motor 4WD design seen in many plug-in electric vehicles.

Drive wheel
A drive wheel is a wheel of a motor vehicle that transmits force, transforming torque into tractive force from the tires to the road, causing the vehicle to move. The powertrain delivers enough torque to the wheel to overcome stationary forces, resulting in the vehicle moving forwards or backwards.

A two-wheel drive vehicle has two driven wheels, typically both at the front or back, while a four-wheel drive has four.

A steering wheel is a wheel that turns to change the direction of a vehicle.  A trailer wheel is one that is neither a drive wheel, nor a steer wheel. Front-wheel drive vehicles typically have the rear wheels as trailer wheels.
Salwah
Salwah (Arabic: صلوة) is a village in Syria, administratively part of Idlib Governorate. It is located just west of the Dead Cities. Nearby localities include Jalmah to the north, Darat Izza to the southeast, Talaadah to the southeast, al-Dana to the south, and Atme and Qah to the west. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Salwah had a population of 3,244 in 2004.

Qah
Qah (Arabic: قاح, also spelled Kah) is a village in northern Syria, administratively part of the Idlib Governorate, located north of Idlib and just east of the Syria–Turkey border. Nearby localities include Atme to the west, Jindires to the north, Deir Samaan to the northeast, Darat Izza to the east, Turmanin to the southeast and al-Dana to the south. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Qah had a population of 2,262 in the 2004 census.
Novo Selo, Danilovgrad
Novo Selo (Serbian Cyrillic: Ново Село) is a village in the municipality of Danilovgrad, Montenegro. It is located along the road from Podgorica to Danilovgrad.  etymology of the village comes from Slavic languages meaning new village, Novo Selo.

Danilovgrad
Danilovgrad (Cyrillic: Даниловград) is a town in central Montenegro. It has a population of 6,852, according to the 2011 census. It is situated in the Danilovgrad Municipality which lies along the main route between Montenegro's two largest cities, Podgorica and Nikšić. Via villages, Danilovgrad forms part of a conurbation with Podgorica.

The town of Danilovgrad is located in the Bjelopavlići plain, a fertile valley of the Zeta River. It is the centre of the Danilovgrad municipality, which has a population of 18,472.