hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antarctic floristic kingdom
The Antarctic floristic kingdom, also the Holantarctic kingdom, is a floristic kingdom that includes most areas of the world south of 40°S latitude. It was first identified by botanist Ronald Good, and later by Armen Takhtajan. The Antarctic Floristic Kingdom is a classification in phytogeography, different from the Antarctic realm classification in biogeography, and from Antarctic flora genera/species classifications in botany.

Azorella
Azorella is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to South America, New Zealand, southeastern Australia, and the islands of the Southern Ocean.

They are low-growing dwarf mat-forming plants growing in high exposure on mountains and subantarctic coasts; with great age they may form rounded mounds of foliage up to 1 m high but are usually less than 10 cm high. Several species are grown as ornamental plants in rock gardens.
2022–23 Aston Villa F.C. season
The 2022-23 season was Aston Villa's 28th season in the Premier League. The 2022–23 Premier League season was Aston Villa's 148th season in English football and the club's fourth consecutive season in the Premier League. In addition to the league, they also competed in the FA Cup, being eliminated by Stevenage in the third round, and the EFL Cup, being eliminated by Manchester United in the third round. The season covers the period from 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023.

Aston Villa rescued their season by means of sacking Steven Gerrard and appointing the former Arsenal and Villarreal manager Unai Emery who took them away from the relegation area and to the UEFA Europa Conference League.

2022–23 in English football
The 2022–23 season was the 143rd competitive association football season in England. The season began in July 2022 due to the 2022 FIFA World Cup taking place from 20 November to 18 December 2022, the first time that an entire football season commenced a month earlier than normal since the 1945–46 season.
1954 France rugby union tour of Argentina and Chile
The 1954 France rugby union tour of Argentina and Chile was a series of matches of the France national team during their tour to Argentina and Chile in 1954. It was the second visit of a French side to Argentina after the 1949 tour over the country.

French touring party arrived in Buenos Aires and then moved to Hindú Club, where the team would reside during their stay in Argentina. All the games in Argentina were played at Gimnasia y Esgrima de Buenos Aires, the main venue for rugby games in those years.

Club de Rugby Los Tilos
Club de Rugby Los Tilos is an Argentine rugby union club based in the city of Tolosa in La Plata Partido, Buenos Aires Province. The team currently plays in Top 12, the first division of the URBA league system.
Rauland Church
Rauland Church (Norwegian: Rauland kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vinje Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Rauland on the shore of the lake Totak. It is one of the churches for the Rauland parish which is part of the Øvre Telemark prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in 1803 using plans drawn up by the architect Jarand Rønjom. The church seats about people.

Totak
Totak is a lake in Vinje Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The 37.26-square-kilometre (14.39 sq mi) lake is located in the Rauland area, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the north of the village of Åmot. The lake is part of the Skien river watershed (Skiensvassdraget), discharging via the river Tokke which flows into the lake Bandak to the south. At 306 metres (1,004 ft) deep, Totak is the 11th deepest lake in Norway. This tremendous overdeepening marks it as a glacially formed lake with characteristics similar to a fjord. Its volume of 2.35 cubic kilometres (1,910,000 acre⋅ft) makes it the 24th largest by volume as well. Totak is Norway's deepest lake that is not a cryptodepression. The lake's basin is well over sealevel. The lake is a reservoir that holds water for the Tokke Hydroelectric Power Station.
2022 San Luis Open Challenger
The 2022 San Luis Tennis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 34th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in San Luis Potosí, Mexico between 11 and 17 April 2022.

San Luis Open (tennis)
The Banorte Tennis Open also known as the San Luis Tennis Open is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. The event is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is the second-longest running Challenger tournament, since 1980 (behind only Tampere Open in Finland). It was part of the WTA Challenger Tour in 2023 and in 2024.
Daniel Isăilă
Daniel Ionuț Isăilă (born 29 June 1972) is a Romanian professional football manager and former player. He is the current head coach of UAE Pro League club Baniyas.

A former defender, Isăilă played 149 matches in Liga I, scoring seven goals. He played eight times in the UEFA Cup, four games each with Rapid București and FC Brașov.

Liga II
The Liga 2, most commonly spelled as Liga II, is the second level of the Romanian football league system. The league changed its name from Divizia B just before the start of the 2006–07 football season. It is currently sponsored by Casa Pariurilor, a betting company under the official name Liga 2 Casa Pariurilor.
Torcuato Benjumeda
Torcuato José Benjumeda y Laguada (1757, El Puerto de Santa María – 1836, Cádiz) was a Spanish architect. A disciple of Torcuato Cayón, he was one of the most important Neoclassical architects in Andalusia, designing several of the most prominent buildings in Cádiz. These include the Royal Prison, the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul and the Ayuntamiento (town hall).

Iglesia de San Juan Bautista (Chiclana de la Frontera)
Iglesia de San Juan Bautista (Church of St. John the Baptist) is a Neoclassical church in Chiclana de la Frontera, in the Province of Cádiz, Andalusia, southern Spain.

Construction on an earlier building began around 1510, in a slow building process, and was still not completed by 1576. The original church was demolished in the eighteenth century because it was impossible to undertake its expansion, due to its state of ruin. A bas-relief of the altarpiece dated to 1552 by the sculptor Roque Balduque and the  painter Andrés Ramírez was salvaged.

The architect Torcuato Cayón, then in charge of the works of the new Cádiz Cathedral, and a key figure in the transition from Baroque to neoclassical architecture in this area, was responsible for designing the new church, built from 1776 under his direction until his death in 1783. It was eventually fully completed in 1814.
Semra railway station
Semra railway station is a railway station on Muzaffarpur–Gorakhpur main line under the Samastipur railway division of East Central Railway zone. It is situated at Chhapra Bahas, Bagaha Dhala in the East Champaran district of the Indian state of Bihar.

Samastipur railway division
Samastipur railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the East Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. The division was established in 1969 and is headquartered at Samastipur, Bihar. The current Divisional Railway Manager (DRM) is Shri Jyoti Prakash Mishra.

Other divisions under the East Central Railway Zone include Danapur railway division, Mughalsarai railway division, Dhanbad railway division, and Sonpur railway division, all headquartered at Hajipur.
Grand Chess Tour 2025
The Grand Chess Tour 2025 was a series of chess tournaments, which was the tenth edition of the Grand Chess Tour.
It consisted of six tournaments with a total prize pool of US$1.6 million, including two tournaments with classical time control and three tournaments with faster time controls, as well as the GCT Finals in São Paulo, which was held for the first time since 2019.

2025 FIDE Circuit
The 2025 FIDE Circuit was a system comprising the top chess tournaments in 2025, which served as a qualification path for the Candidates Tournament 2026. Players received points based on their performance and the strength of the tournament. A player's final Circuit score was the sum of their seven best results of the year. R Praggnanandhaa scored the most points, and as winner of the 2025 Circuit qualified for the Candidates Tournament 2026.
Xylenol orange
Xylenol orange is an organic reagent, most commonly used as a tetrasodium salt as an indicator for metal titrations. When used for metal titrations, it will appear red in the titrand and become yellow once it reaches its endpoint.  Historically, commercial preparations of it have been notoriously impure, sometimes consisting of as little as 20% xylenol orange, and containing large amounts of semi-xylenol orange and iminodiacetic acid.  Purities as high as 90% are now available.

It is fluorescent, and has excitation maximums of 440 & 570 nm and an emission maximum of 610 nm.

Titration
Titration (also known as titrimetry and volumetric analysis) is a common laboratory method of quantitative chemical analysis to determine the concentration of an identified analyte (a substance to be analyzed). A reagent, termed the titrant or titrator, is prepared as a standard solution of known concentration and volume. The titrant reacts with a solution of analyte (which may also be termed the titrand) to determine the analyte's concentration. The volume of titrant that reacted with the analyte is termed the titration volume.
Mudgee wine region
Mudgee is a wine region and Australian Geographical Indication in the Central Ranges zone in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is named for the town of Mudgee.

Grapes were first grown around Mudgee from 1858, reaching a peak of 55 vineyards in 1893. Large wineries started planting again from 1974. Mudgee grows predominantly red wine varieties, especially Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot.

Mudgee
Mudgee (/mʌdʒi/) is a town in the Central West of New South Wales, Australia. It is in the broad fertile Cudgegong River valley 261 km (162 mi) north-west of Sydney and is the largest town in the Mid-Western Regional Council local government area as well as being the council seat. At the 2021 Census, its population was 11,457. The district lies across the edge of the geological structure known as the Sydney Basin.
Thomas Kelso
Thomas Kelso (1784 – July 26, 1878) was an Irish-American philanthropist and businessman, who was born in Clones, a market town in the north of Ireland, August 28, 1784.  He died on the morning of July 26, 1878 at his home of many years on East Baltimore Street in Baltimore, Maryland, at the age of 94.

St. Paul and Calvert streets
St. Paul Street and Calvert Street are a one-way pair of streets in Downtown Baltimore and areas north. The streets, which are part of Maryland Route 2, are two of Baltimore's best-known streets in the downtown area.
Faleria
Faleria is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Viterbo in the Italian region of Latium, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Rome and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Viterbo.

Faleria borders the following municipalities: Calcata, Castel Sant'Elia, Civita Castellana, Mazzano Romano, Rignano Flaminio, Sant'Oreste.

Sant'Oreste
Sant'Oreste is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Lazio, located about 35 kilometres (22 miles) north of Rome. It faces the Monte Soratte, that latter has a natural preserve with the same name.
HAT-P-25
HAT-P-25 is a G-type main-sequence star about 985 light-years away. It has a very low flare activity. The star is enriched in heavy elements, having about twice amount of metals compared to solar abundance.

G-type main-sequence star
A G-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence star of spectral type G. The spectral luminosity class is V.  Such a star has about 0.9 to 1.1 solar masses and an effective temperature between about 5,300 and 6,000 K (5,000 and 5,700 °C; 9,100 and 10,000 °F).  Like other main-sequence stars, a G-type main-sequence star converts the element hydrogen to helium in its core by means of nuclear fusion.

The Sun is an example of a G-type main-sequence star (more specifically a G2V star). Each second, the Sun fuses approximately 600 million tons of hydrogen into helium in a process known as the proton–proton chain (4 hydrogens form 1 helium), converting about 4 million tons of matter to energy. Besides the Sun, other well-known examples of G-type main-sequence stars include Alpha Centauri, Tau Ceti, and 51 Pegasi.
Eriophyllum staechadifolium
Eriophyllum staechadifolium is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae which is known by the common name seaside woolly sunflower. It is native to the coastline of Oregon and California including the Channel Islands. This is a plant of the beaches, dunes, and coastal scrub.

Eriophyllum staechadifolium is variable in size, its height depending in part on its exposure to harsh coastal wind and saline spray. It may reach anywhere from 30 centimeters to 150 centimeters (1–5 feet) tall, and may be small and clumpy or quite sprawling. The leaves are up to seven centimeters (2.8 inches) long and are sometimes lobed. Each inflorescence holds several tightly packed flower heads in shades of golden yellow with centers full of 30-40 disc florets and usually a fringe of 6-6 small ray florets each a few millimeters long.

Coastal sage scrub
Coastal sage scrub (CSS), also called coastal scrub or soft chaparral, is a low scrubland plant community of the California coastal sage and chaparral subecoregion, found in coastal California and northwestern coastal Baja California. It is within the California chaparral and woodlands ecoregion, of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.
Apache War
There are several events involving the Apache known as Apache War, the Apache Wars, or Apache Campaign:

Apache–Mexico Wars (1600s–1915)

Apache Wars (1849–1924)

Jicarilla War (1849–1855)

Chiricahua Wars (1851–1886)

Chiricahua War (1860–1873)

Yavapai War (1871–1875)

Apache Campaign (1873)

Renegade Period (1879–1924)

Victorio's War (1879–1881)

Geronimo's War (1881–1886)

Apache Campaign (1889–1890)

Apache Campaign (1896)

Victorio's War
Victorio's War, or the Victorio Campaign, was an armed conflict between the Apache followers of Chief Victorio, the United States, and Mexico beginning in September 1879. Faced with arrest and forcible relocation from his homeland in New Mexico to San Carlos Indian Reservation in southeastern Arizona, Victorio led a guerrilla war across southern New Mexico, west Texas and northern Mexico. Victorio fought many battles and skirmishes with the United States Army and raided several settlements until the Mexican Army killed him and most of his warriors in October 1880 in the Battle of Tres Castillos. After Victorio's death, his lieutenant Nana led a raid in 1881.

Scholar Dan Thrapp wrote of Victorio's War that "never again were [Apache] fighters in such numbers to roam and ravage that country, nor were they again to be so ably led and managed."  Victorio, according to scholar Robert N. Watt, "is widely acknowledged as being one of the best guerrilla leaders of the Apache Wars."
Zafar, Yemen
Ẓafār (Arabic: ظفار), also Romanized Dhafar or Dhofar, is an ancient Himyarite site situated in Yemen, some 130 km south-south-east of today's capital, Sana'a, and c. 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south-east of Yarim. Given mention in several ancient texts, there is little doubt about the pronunciation of the name. This site in Yemen is far older than its namesake in Oman. It lies in the Yemeni highlands at some 2800 m. Zafar was the capital of the Himyarites  (110 BCE – 525 CE), which at its peak ruled most of the Arabian Peninsula. For 250 years the tribal confederacy and allies' combined territory extended past Riyadh to the north and the Euphrates to the north-east.

Axum
Axum, also spelled Aksum (/ˈɑːksuːm/ ⓘ), is a town in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia with a population of 66,900 residents (as of 2015). It is the site of the historic capital of the Aksumite Empire.

Axum is located in the Central Zone of the Tigray Region, near the base of the Adwa mountains. It has an elevation of 2,131 metres (6,991 feet) and is surrounded by La'ilay Maychew, a separately administered woreda of the Tigray region.

In 1980, UNESCO added Axum's archaeological sites to its list of World Heritage Sites due to their historic value. Prior to the beginning of the Tigray War in 2020, Axum was a leading tourist destination for foreign visitors.
2019 Giants Live World Tour Finals
The 2019 Giants Live World Tour Finals was a strongman competition that took place in Manchester, England on 7 September 2019 at the Manchester Arena. This event was the finale of the 2019 Giants live tour.

Giants Live
Giants Live is a professional strongman tour which was originated in the United Kingdom. It hosts several prominent competitions each year, including national competitions such as Britain's Strongest Man, international competitions such as Europe's Strongest Man and single-lift competitions such as The World Deadlift Championships and The World Log Lift Championships. Since its beginning in 2009, each Giants Live show has served as a qualifier for the next year's World's Strongest Man, with the podium finishers from each show earning a spot in the competition.

With 10 wins, Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson holds the most Giants Live wins in history. Evan Singleton and Žydrūnas Savickas share second place with 6 wins each.
2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Rhode Island
The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Rhode Island were held on November 3, 2020, to elect the two U.S. representatives from the state of Rhode Island, one from each of the state's two congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections.

James Langevin
James R. Langevin (/ˈlændʒəˌvɪn/ LANN-jə-vinn; born April 22, 1964) is an American politician who served as the U.S. representative for Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district from 2001 to 2023. A member of the Democratic Party, he is the first quadriplegic to serve in Congress; Langevin was appointed to be the first quadriplegic speaker pro tempore of the U.S. House of Representatives in 2019. Langevin did not seek reelection in 2022.
Charlton Heights, West Virginia
Charlton Heights is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States. Charlton Heights is located on the north bank of the Kanawha River, 4 miles (6.4 km) southwest of Gauley Bridge. Charlton Heights has a post office with ZIP code 25040. As of the 2020 census, its population was 307 (down from 406 at the 2010 census).

Gauley Bridge, West Virginia
Gauley Bridge is a town in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 553 at the 2020 census. The Kanawha River is formed at Gauley Bridge by the confluence of the New and Gauley Rivers. Two miles to the southwest of Gauley Bridge, in Glen Ferris, is Kanawha Falls, a popular stopping point on Midland Trail Scenic Highway.

The community was named after a bridge over the Gauley River near the original town site. Gauley Bridge was close to the site of the Hawks Nest Tunnel disaster, in which hundreds of people died in the 1920s and 1930s.
Mitmita
Mitmita (Amharic: ሚጥሚጣ, IPA: [mitʼmitʼa]) is a powdered seasoning mix used in Ethiopia. It is orange-red in color and contains ground African bird's eye chili peppers, Ethiopian cardamom (korerima), cloves, and salt. It occasionally has other spices including cinnamon, cumin, and ginger.

The mixture is used to season the raw beef dish kitfo and may also be sprinkled on ful medames (fava beans). In addition, mitmita may be presented as a condiment and sprinkled on other dishes or spooned onto a piece of injera, so that morsels may be lightly dipped into it. It is generally made from hot peppers that are stronger than those used in berbere, the other main spice in Ethiopian cuisine.

Ful medames
Ful medames (Arabic: فول مدمس, romanized: fūl midammis IPA: [fuːl meˈdammes]; other spellings include ful mudammas and  foule mudammes), or simply fūl, is a stew of cooked fava beans served with olive oil, cumin, and optionally with chopped parsley, garlic, onion, lemon juice, chili pepper and other vegetables, herbs, and spices. Ful medames is traditionally made in and served out of a large metal jug. It is notably a staple food in Sudan and Egypt and is considered a national dish, especially in the northern cities of Cairo and Gizah. Fava beans can also sometimes be found in other cuisines in the Middle East, and Africa, though cooked differently.
Quintano
Quintano (Cremasco: Quintà) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 35 km (22 mi) east of Milan and about 45 km (28 mi) northwest of Cremona.

Quintano borders the following municipalities: Capralba, Casaletto Vaprio, Pieranica, Torlino Vimercati, Trescore Cremasco.

Pieranica
Pieranica (Cremasco: Pieràniga) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of Milan and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Cremona.
New York Athletic Club men's basketball team
New York Athletic Club Men's Basketball Team is an independent basketball club representing the basketball department of The New York Athletic Club. Founded in 1952, the teams most recent accomplishment is winning back-to-back NACAD Championships, a tournament held for basketball teams part of large sporting clubs around the United States.

New York Athletic Club
The New York Athletic Club is a private social club and athletic club in New York state.  Founded in 1868, the club has approximately 8,600 members and two facilities: the City House, located at 180 Central Park South in Manhattan, and Travers Island, located in Westchester County. Membership in the club is by invitation only.

The club offers many sports, including rowing, wrestling, boxing, judo, fencing, swimming, basketball, rugby union, soccer, tennis, handball, squash, snooker, lacrosse and water polo.

The NYAC has tax status 501(c)(7) for Social and Recreation Clubs; in 2024 it claimed total revenue of $70,874,472, total giving of $659,245, and total assets of $92,426,900.
Rodion Cantacuzino
Prince Rodion (Radukan) Matveyevich Cantacuzino (Romanian: Radu or Răducanu Cantacuzino; 1725 – 1774) was a Wallachian colonel, a participant of the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774. The founder of the Russian branch of the Wallachian Cantacuzino family.

The brother of the Wallachian Spatharios Pârvu Cantacuzino, who was killed in a skirmish with the Turks in 1769, Radukan Cantacuzino joined the volunteers' detachment of Count Rumyantsev's army, acting against the Turks, and participated in the Battle of Kagul. Later he was admitted to the Russian service together with the regiment, which he formed from the natives of Wallachia.

From the marriage with Catherine Mavrocordatos (died in 1811) he had sons Ivan (1756–1828) and Nicholas (1761–1841). His niece Roxana Mikhailovna was the wife of the military general Aleksey Melissino.

Cantacuzino family
The House of Cantacuzino (French: Cantacuzène; Russian: Кантакузен, romanized: Kantakuzen) is a Romanian aristocratic family of Greek origin. The family gave a number of princes to Wallachia and Moldavia, and it claimed descent from a branch of the Byzantine Kantakouzenos family, specifically from Byzantine Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos (reigned 1347–1354). After the Russo-Ottoman War of 1710–11, a lateral branch of the family settled in Russia, receiving the princely (Knyaz, as opposed to Velikij Knyaz) status. In 1944, Prince Ștefan Cantacuzino settled in Sweden, where his descendants form part of the unintroduced nobility of that country.