hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Economy and trade of pre-Islamic Arabia
The economy and trade of pre-Islamic Arabia refers to the land- and sea-trade networks used by the inhabitants of Pre-Islamic Arabia, both inter-regionally (between different regions of Arabia) and internationally.

Famously, the Arabian Peninsula, situated between the Levant, Mesopotamia, Persia, Egypt, and the Horn of Africa, is known for its role in the ancient incense trade route, which saw the movement of spices across regions as distant as India to Europe. Commodities transported through these routes included myrrh from modern-day Yemen and frankincense from Oman.

The documentation of trade in the region goes back to the 3rd millennium BC, where Dilmun, a civilization covering most of Eastern Arabia, was known in Mesopotamian traders as a legendary source of wealth and goods in the Bronze Age. South Arabia was also a major center of trade. The transition from pre-Islamic to Islamic times shifted the locus of trade to the Hejaz, the birthplace of Islam.

Sohar
Sohar (Arabic: صُحَار, romanized: Ṣuḥār) is the capital and largest city of the Al Batinah North Governorate in Oman. An ancient capital of the country that once served as an important Islamic port town on the Gulf of Oman, Sohar has also been credited as the mythical birthplace of Sinbad the Sailor. It was historically known as Mazūn (مَزُوْن).

At the 2010 census, Sohar's population was 140,006, making it Oman's fifth most-populated settlement. Described as an industrial town, the development of the Sohar Industrial Port during the 2000s has transformed it into a major Omani industrial hub.
Milton Cato
Robert Milton Cato, PC, (3 June 1915 – 10 February 1997) was a socialist Vincentian politician who served as the first Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and also held the offices Premier of Saint Vincent and Chief Minister of Saint Vincent before independence. Cato was the leader of the Saint Vincent Labour Party, and led the country through independence in 1979.

Leader of the Opposition (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)
Leader of the Opposition is a constitutionally sanctioned office in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

The Constitution indicates that there shall be a Leader of the Opposition in the House of Assembly who is appointed by the Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

The Leader of the Opposition gives advice to the Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines for the appointment of two senators in the House of Assembly.
1982–83 Galatama
The 1982–83 Galatama was the third season of Galatama that was held from 28 August 1982 to 28 May 1983. It was the first season in which the league was split into two divisions. It was also the first season which saw foreign players compete in officially sanctioned Indonesian football competition.

Galatama
Liga Sepak Bola Utama (English: Premier Football League), commonly known by its acronym Galatama, was a semi professional football league in Indonesia, established in 1979 by the Indonesian Football Association, PSSI. Prior to the establishment of the competition, an amateur football league named Perserikatan had existed since 1931. Both Perserikatan and Galatama existed and run in parallel until 1994 when they were both merged to form a new, unified league called Liga Indonesia.
Barsian mosque and minaret
The Barsian mosque and minaret comprise a Shi'ite Friday mosque, also known as the Jameh Mosque of Bersian (Persian: مناره و مسجد جامع برسیان; Arabic: المئذنة والجامع برسيان), and 34-metre-high (112 ft) minaret, located in the village of Barsian, approximately 42 kilometres (26 mi) east of Esfahan, in the province of Isfahan, Iran.

The mosque and minaret were added to the Iran National Heritage List on 3 March 1937, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran.

Congregational mosque
A congregational mosque or Friday mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد جَامِع, romanized: masjid jāmi‘, or simply جَامِع, jāmi‘; Turkish: Cami), or sometimes great mosque or grand mosque (جامع كبير, jāmi‘ kabir; Ulu Cami), is a mosque for hosting the Friday noon prayers known as jumu'ah. It can also host the Eid prayers in situations when there is no musalla or eidgah available nearby to host the prayers. In early Islamic history, the number of congregational mosques in one city was strictly limited. As cities and populations grew over time, it became more common for many mosques to host Friday prayers in the same area. In early centuries, the congregational mosque was also a center of social and public life, hosting various other activities in addition to prayers, such as judicial and educational functions.
Dillon Hall
Dillon Hall  is one of the 33 Residence Halls on the campus of the University of Notre Dame and one of the 17 male dorms. It is located directly west of Alumni Hall, which Dillon acquired in 1988, and is directly adjacent to South Dining Hall on the west. Dillon was built in 1931 and renovated for the 2020–2021 school year and many of the first floor rooms were converted to living and study areas. It is named after Patrick Dillon, CSC, the second president of the university. The coat of arms is taken from the Dillon family. Together with other historic structures of the university, it is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Knute Rockne
Knute Kenneth Rockne (/(kə)ˈnuːt ˈrɒkni/; March 4, 1888 – March 31, 1931) was an American football player and coach at the University of Notre Dame. Leading Notre Dame for 13 seasons, Rockne accumulated over 100 wins and three national championships.

Rockne is regarded as one of the greatest coaches in college football history. His biography at the College Football Hall of Fame, where he was inducted in 1951, identifies him as "without question, American football's most-renowned coach". Rockne helped to popularize the forward pass and made the Notre Dame Fighting Irish a major factor in college football.

In 1931, at the age of 43, Rockne died in a plane crash.
Kota–Hazrat Nizamuddin Jan Shatabdi Express
The Kota–Hazrat Nizamuddin Jan Shatabdi Express is a Superfast Express train of the Jan Shatabdi Express category belonging to West Central Railway zone that runs between Kota Junction and Hazrat Nizamuddin in India.

It operates as train number 12059 from Kota Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin and as train number 12060 in the reverse direction, serving the states of Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, and Delhi.

Jan Shatabdi Express
The Jan Shatabdi Express (lit. 'People's Century Express') is a more affordable and economical version of the Shatabdi Express. The word 'Jan' refers to common people. Being an economical version of the Shatabdi Express, it provides the passenger with Air Conditioned Chair Car, Second Class Seating and Unreserved classes. Though its priority is less than that of the trains like Rajdhani Express, Shatabdi Express and Duronto Express, it enjoys a greater priority than the Mail, Express and the Superfast Express trains of Indian Railways. The maximum permissible speed of this train is 130 km/h.
2021 Sánchez-Casal Cup
The 2021 Sánchez-Casal Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Barcelona, Spain between 4 and 10 October 2021.

2021 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2021 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2021 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 147 tournaments with prize money ranging from $36,680 up to $156,240. It was the 44th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 13th under the name of Challenger Tour.

Tallon Griekspoor set a new record for winning the most Challenger titles in a season when he won his seventh title of the season at the Tenerife Challenger and immediately improved upon the record by winning the Slovak Open II the week after.
David Kaplan (philosopher)
David Benjamin Kaplan (/ˈkæplən/; born September 17, 1933) is an American philosopher. He is the Hans Reichenbach Professor of Scientific Philosophy at the UCLA Department of Philosophy. His philosophical work focuses on the philosophy of language, logic, metaphysics, epistemology and the philosophy of Frege and Russell. He is best known for his work on demonstratives, propositions, and reference in intensional contexts.  He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 1983 and a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy in 2007.

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Crowns of Egypt
The Egyptian civilization used a number of different crowns throughout its existence. Some were used to show authority, while others were used for religious ceremonies. Each crown was worn by different Pharaohs or deities, and each crown had its own significance and symbolic meaning. In early Egypt, one significant and important characteristic of the many crowns, was the color white. The color symbolized kingship or nisut in the early periods and Upper Egypt. The color blue was also an important color from the 18th Dynasty on. The crowns include the Atef, the Deshret, the Hedjet, the Khepresh, the Pschent, and the Hemhem.

Deshret
Deshret (Ancient Egyptian: 𓂧𓈙𓂋𓏏𓋔, romanized: dšrt, lit. 'Red One') was the Red Crown of Lower Egypt. It was a red bowl shaped with a protruding curlicue. When combined with the Hedjet (White Crown) of Upper Egypt, it forms the Pschent (Double Crown), in ancient Egyptian called the sekhemti.

The Red Crown in Egyptian language hieroglyphs eventually was used as the vertical letter "n". The original "n" hieroglyph from the Predynastic Period and the Old Kingdom was the sign depicting ripples of water.

The word Deshret also referred to the desert Red Land on either side of Kemet (Black Land), the fertile Nile river basin.
Dmitry Gudkov
Dmitry Gennadyevich Gudkov (Russian: Дмитрий Геннадьевич Гудков; born 19 January 1980) is a Russian politician and opposition leader. He was elected as a member of the State Duma in 2011–2016. His father, Gennady Gudkov, was also a Duma deputy in 2001–2012. Both father and son were members of the party Fair Russia. Gudkov was expelled from the party on 13 March 2013 after it accused him of "calling on the American authorities to interfere in Russia’s internal affairs". While Gudkov ran as candidate of Yabloko party and worked with the non-systemic opposition, he lost in the 18 September 2016 election for the Russian Parliament. In 2018, he and Ksenia Sobchak decided to align together, which lead to the creation of an opposition political party which is called the Party of Changes.

In 2024, he became a co-founder and expert at the "European Center for Analysis and Strategies" (CASE).[117]

TV Rain
TV Rain (Russian: Дождь, romanized: Dozhd, IPA: [ˈdoʂtʲ] ⓘ; stylized as ДО///ДЬ) is an independent Russian-language television channel. Launched in Russia in 2010, it has been based in the Netherlands since 2022. It focuses on news, discussions, culture, politics, business reports, and documentaries. TV Rain is owned by journalist Natalya Sindeyeva. Its slogan is "Optimistic Channel."

In March 2022, Russian authorities blocked access to TV Rain in response to its coverage of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The channel relaunched from studios in Latvia in July, but after multiple alleged violations had its license cancelled in December. TV Rain continued to broadcast via YouTube and received a Dutch broadcast license in December 2022.
Connacht GAA
Connacht GAA (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Chonnacht) or formally the Connacht Provincial Council of the Gaelic Athletic Association is the governing body for Gaelic games that are played in the province of Connacht, Ireland. It performs a supervisory and appeal role for the five County Boards within the province (listed below). Anomalously, it also exercises its functions for an additional two county boards that are not located in the province: London and New York. Teams from these administrative areas play in the Connacht Senior Football Championship.

Gael Linn Cup
The Gael Linn Cup is a biennial tournament, representative competition for elite level participants in the women's team field sport of camogie, contested by Ireland's four provincial teams with competitions at senior and junior level on alternate years. The tournament has existed in various guides since 1956, currently the senior tournament is played in even years and the junior tournament in odd years. An inter-provincial colleges competition is also played at secondary school/high school level.
Interleukin-1 receptor family
Members of the very wide interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) family are characterized by extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains and intracellular Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor/Resistance protein (TIR) domain. It is a group of structurally homologous proteins, conserved throughout the species as it was identified from plants to mammals. Proteins of this family play important role in host defence, injury and stress. There are four main groups of TIR domain-containing proteins in animals; Toll-like receptors, Interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R), cytosolic adaptor proteins (such as MyD88 adaptor protein) and insect and nematode Toll. Each of these groups is involved mainly in host defence; Toll receptors are also involved in embryogenesis.

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist
The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1RN gene.

IL-1RA was initially called the IL-1 inhibitor and was discovered separately in 1984 by two independent laboratories. IL-1RA is an agent that binds non-productively to the cell surface interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R), the same receptor that binds interleukin 1 family (IL-1), preventing IL-1's from sending a signal to that cell.
2000 CFU Club Championship
The 2000 Caribbean Football Union Club Championship was an international club football competition held in the Caribbean to determine the region's qualifiers to the CONCACAF Champions' Cup.
The winners Joe Public F.C. advanced to CONCACAF Champions' Cup 2000.

Notre Dame SC
Notre Dame SC is a Barbados professional football club based on the southside of Bridgetown in the community of Bayville in the parish of Saint Michael.

Notre Dame is the second most successful club in Barbados football history, winning 9 league titles and 6 domestic cups.
They play their home games in Bayville on the Bay Pasture, in Barbados' second division, the Barbados Division One.
Niederwörresbach
Niederwörresbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Herrstein-Rhaunen, whose seat is in Herrstein.

Niederwörresbach was shaped by the agate grinders' trade and the quarrying business. The local sport club's artistic gymnastics squad has earned international recognition.

Birkenfeld (district)
Birkenfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪʁkŋ̍fɛlt]) is a district (Landkreis) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Its seat is the town of Birkenfeld. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Sankt Wendel (Saarland), Trier-Saarburg, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Rhein-Hunsrück, Bad Kreuznach and Kusel.
Sean Gannon (footballer)
Sean Gannon (born 11 July 1991) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a defender for  Shelbourne in the League of Ireland Premier Division. He previously played for Shamrock Rovers (over 2 spells), St Patrick's Athletic, and Dundalk. He has won a record 11 League of Ireland Premier Division winners medals. Gannon has featured in European competition group stage/league phase for Dundalk, Shamrock Rovers, and Shelbourne. He has made 64 appearances in European competition – a record for a League of Ireland player.

2013 League of Ireland Premier Division
The 2013 League of Ireland Premier Division was the 29th season of the League of Ireland Premier Division. The division featured 12 teams. St. Patrick's Athletic were champions, winning their eighth top level League of Ireland title. Dundalk finished as runners-up.
Wayside Celtic F.C.
Wayside Celtic F.C. is an Irish association football club based in Kilternan, Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown. They have 3 senior men's teams competing in the Leinster Senior League. They also have over 20 School Boy teams competing in the Dublin and District Schoolboys/Girls League. Since the club's formation in 1948 it has prided itself on being fully amateur.

Wayside's first team play at the highest level of amateur football in Leinster, the Senior Division, and have won the division on five occasions. The club has qualified for the FAI Cup on several occasions, reaching the quarterfinals in the 1995–96 and 2008 seasons.

Wicklow & District Football League
The Wicklow & District Football League (WDFL) is an association football league featuring amateur and junior clubs from County Wicklow. The WDFL is a winter league running from September to May. Its top division, the Andy McEvoy Premier 1, is a seventh level division in the Republic of Ireland football league system.

The WDFL organise an Over 35s cup competition, known as the Harry Griffith Cup, with support from the Amateur Football League (AFL) as all participants are members of the AFL. The Wicklow Cup is a knockout competition contested by all teams across the WDFL's divisions.
Enteropsidae
Enteropsidae is a family of copepods belonging to the order Cyclopoida.

Genera:

Enterocola van Beneden, 1860

Enterocolides Chatton & Harant, 1922

Enteropsis Aurivillius, 1885

Lequerrea Chatton & Harant, 1924

Mychophilus Hesse, 1865

Mycophilus Hesse, 1865

Copepod
Copepods (/ˈkoʊpəpɒd/; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthic (living on the sediments), several species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses of plants (phytotelmata) such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as biodiversity indicators.
Flag of Winnipeg
The city flag of Winnipeg was adopted in October 1975. Today, the flag with its crest is used as the official representation of the city for ceremonial and official purposes, while the logo flag (adopted in 2001) is used for promotional purposes.

In the centre of the flag lies the city's coat of arms, with blue to the upper left, and yellow to the lower right. The blue represents Winnipeg's clear blue sky, and the gold a field of wheat, the city's original primary economic activity; the colours and symbolism are thus similar to those of the flag of Ukraine.

While official colours have never formally been designated by the city, the blue and yellow design was adopted as the official colours for Winnipeg's centennial celebrations in 1973. The logo flag also incorporates the two colours, along with red and white.

The official flag itself was adopted upon a vote by the City Council on October 1, 1975, and was registered as a trademark April 7 the following year.

Winnipeg City Council
The Winnipeg City Council (French: Conseil municipal de Winnipeg) is the governing body of the city of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The Council is seated in the Council Building of Winnipeg City Hall.

The composition of the Council consists of fifteen city councillors and a mayor. Each councillor represents an individual ward throughout the city. The mayor is elected every four years by a vote of the entire city.
Deutscher Computerspielpreis
The Deutscher Computerspielpreis (transl. German Computer Game Award, also DPC) is a prize mainly aimed at the German games industry and has been awarded since 2009. The DCP is awarded by the Cabinet of Germany and the German Games Industry Association game. In addition to awards, chosen categories receive various amounts of prize money donated by supporters of the award ceremony.

Drakensang: The Dark Eye
Drakensang: The Dark Eye (German title: Das Schwarze Auge: Drakensang) is a 2008 role-playing video game developed by Radon Labs and published by dtp. It is the first video game in The Dark Eye universe since Attic's Northlands Trilogy (Realms of Arkania: Blade of Destiny, Realms of Arkania: Star Trail and Realms of Arkania: Shadows over Riva) from the 1990s. it was followed by the prequel River of Time, which also received an expansion Phileasson's Secret. All of them were put in a collection that is referred as the Drakensang Saga.
Andromache (play)
Andromache (Ancient Greek: Ἀνδρομάχη) is an Athenian tragedy by Euripides. It dramatises Andromache's life as a slave, years after the events of the Trojan War, and her conflict with her master's new wife, Hermione. The date of its first performance is unknown. Some scholars place the date sometime between 428 and 425 BC. Müller places it between 420 and 417 BC. A Byzantine scholion to the play suggests that its first production was staged outside Athens, though modern scholarship regards this claim as dubious.

Molossus (son of Neoptolemus)
In Greek mythology, Molossus (Ancient Greek: Μολοσσός, romanized: Molossós) was the son of Neoptolemus and Andromache. He was the eponymous founder of the Molossians, an ancient Greek tribe that inhabited the region of Epirus located in northwestern Greece. Molossus had two brothers, Pielus and Pergamus (the latter named after the citadel of Troy), who were also sons of Neoptolemus and Andromache.
Bedhead (band)
Bedhead was an American indie rock band, active from 1988 to 1998, based in Dallas, Texas. Members consisted of Matt and Bubba Kadane (vocals and guitar), Tench Coxe (guitar), Kris Wheat (bass), and Trini Martinez (drums). The band released several EPs and three LPs on Trance Syndicate, touring intermittently.  Bedhead's music was generally subdued, with three electric guitars and one electric bass guitar over sung or spoken vocals. Allmusic dubbed the group "the quintessential indie rock band," and Tiny Mix Tapes gave their final album Transaction de Novo a perfect 5/5 score.

In 1999, a year after the breakup of Bedhead, Matt and Bubba Kadane went on to form The New Year, a band with a style similar to Bedhead's.

Overseas (band)
Overseas is an American indie rock supergroup that includes David Bazan, Will Johnson, and Bubba & Matt Kadane.

Their debut, self-titled album was released on June 11, 2013. A second record was announced as pending in 2018 on the band's website, but as of 2026, no release has followed.
1981 Big East men's basketball tournament
The 1981 Big East men's basketball tournament took place at the Carrier Dome in Syracuse, NY.  It was a single-elimination tournament with three rounds.  Boston College had the best regular season conference record and received the #1 seed.

Syracuse defeated Villanova in the championship game by a score of 83–80 in triple overtime.

Big East men's basketball tournament
The Big East Men's Basketball Tournament is the championship tournament of the Big East Conference in men's basketball. The winner receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament.

As part of the 2013 deal in which seven schools left the original Big East Conference of 1979–2013 to form a new Big East Conference and the original conference became the American Athletic Conference, the new Big East received the rights to the conference tournament.