hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hammer retarder
The hammer retarder (also known as rate reducer) is a component of the automatic firearm that delays the hammer fall and thus reduces the rate of the fully automatic fire.

The retardation of the fall serves two purposes:

delaying the shot until the bolt is fully locked;

decreasing the speed of firing to improve the firing precision.

Hammer (firearms)
The hammer is a part of a firearm that is used to strike the percussion cap/primer, or a separate firing pin, to ignite the propellant and fire the projectile. It is so called because it resembles a hammer in both form and function. The hammer itself is a metal piece that forcefully rotates about a pivot point.

The term tumbler can refer to a part of the hammer or a part mechanically attached to the pivot-point of the hammer, depending on the particular firearm under discussion (see half-cock). According to one source the term tumbler is synonymous with hammer.
Micromatta
Micromatta is a monotypic genus of Central American araneomorph spiders in the family Tetrablemmidae found in Belize. It contains the single species, Micromatta atoma, first described by W. A. Shear in 1978. Pekka T. Lehtinen transferred it to Micromatta in 1981 because the shapes of the male embolus and conductor are quite different than those of Matta and Caraimatta. Additionally, the plesiomorphic structure of pedipalp segments prove that the three genera aren't a paraphyletic group.

Tetrablemmidae
Tetrablemmidae, sometimes called armored spiders, is a family of tropical araneomorph spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1873. It contains around 150 described species in 27 genera from southeast Asia, with a few that occur in Africa and Central and South America.

Pacullidae was incorporated into this family in 1981, but was later restored as a separate family in a 2016 phylogenetic study.

Most species have been collected from litter and soil, including that of epiphytes. Some live in caves and show typical adaptations of cave spiders, such as loss of eyes and weak sclerotization. Members of Tetrablemma only have four eyes, a trait in spiders only found in these and certain members of Caponiidae.
Staveley-in-Cartmel
Staveley-in-Cartmel is a village and civil parish in Westmorland and Furness Unitary Authority, Cumbria, England.  It lies east of Newby Bridge, near the south end of Windermere,  9 miles (14 km) northeast of Ulverston. It is sometimes known as Staveley-in-Furness. Both names distinguish it from another Staveley in Cumbria. In the 2001 census the parish had a population of 428, decreasing at the 2011 census to 405.

Windermere
Windermere (historically Winder Mere) is a ribbon lake in Cumbria, England. It is within the Lake District and is the largest lake in England by length, area, and volume, although considerably smaller than the largest Scottish lochs and Northern Irish loughs.

Windermere is about 11 miles (18 km) in length and 1 mile (1.6 km) at its widest, has a maximum depth of 64 metres (210 ft), and has an elevation of 39 metres (128 ft) above sea level. Its outflow is the River Leven, which drains into Morecambe Bay. For administrative purposes the lake is in the unitary authority area of Westmorland and Furness, and it historically formed part of the boundary between Westmorland and Lancashire.

The lake has been popular with tourists since the Kendal and Windermere Railway's branch line opened in 1847. The Freshwater Biological Association was established on the shore of Windermere in 1929 and much of the early work on lake ecology, freshwater biology and limnology was conducted here.
Reciprocating pump
A reciprocating pump is a class of positive-displacement pumps that includes the piston pump, plunger pump, and diaphragm pump. Well maintained, reciprocating pumps can last for decades. Unmaintained, however, they can succumb to wear and tear. It is often used where a relatively small quantity of liquid is to be handled and where delivery pressure is quite large. In reciprocating pumps, the chamber that traps the liquid is a stationary cylinder that contains a piston or plunger.

Plunger pump
A plunger pump is a type of positive displacement pump where the high-pressure seal is stationary and a smooth cylindrical plunger slides through the seal. This makes them different from piston pumps and allows them to be used at higher pressures. This type of pump is often used to transfer municipal and industrial sewage.
Ladislav Škorpil
Ladislav Škorpil (born 6 June 1945, in Hradec Králové) is a former Czech football player and former manager of the Czech club Slovan Liberec. Škorpil is also a member of the Civic Democratic Party in his hometown of Hradec Králové.

FC Hradec Králové
FC Hradec Králové is a Czech professional football club based in the city of Hradec Králové. The club, which was founded in 1905, won the Czechoslovak First League in the 1959–60 season. Since 2021, the club has played in the Czech First League.

Following their domestic success, Hradec played in the 1960–61 European Cup and was eliminated by Barcelona in the quarter-finals, Barcelona eventually becoming runners-up. In 1995 Hradec won the Czech Cup and subsequently played in the Cup Winners' Cup, where it was eliminated in the round of 16 by Dynamo Moscow. In the 2002–03 season they were relegated to the Second Division. They returned to the top flight in 2009–10 only to be relegated once more in 2012–13; however they would place second in the 2. Liga signifying a return to the top division for the 2014–15 season.
Andreas Palicka
Andreas Miroslav Palicka (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈpalɪka]; Czech: Palička, Czech pronunciation: [ˈpalɪtʃka]; born 10 July 1986) is a Swedish handball player for HSG Wetzlar. He is widely regarded as one of the best goalkeepers of his generation.

2022 European Men's Handball Championship
The 2022 EHF European Men's Handball Championship was the 15th edition of the tournament and the second to feature 24 national teams. It was co-hosted in two countries – Hungary and Slovakia – from 13 to 30 January 2022. For the matches in Slovakia the spectator capacity was only 25% due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In Hungary the capacity was 100%.

Sweden won their first title in 20 years after defeating defending champions Spain in the final. Denmark captured the bronze medal after defeating France. Hosts Hungary and Slovakia finished 15th and 18th.
1952 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The 1952 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was the 31st staging of the All-Ireland Junior Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1912.

Kilkenny entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Dublin in the Leinster semi-final.

The All-Ireland final was played on 19 October 1952 at New Eltham in London, between Dublin and London, in what was their first meeting in a final in 15 years. Dublin won the match by 3–04 to 2–06 to claim their third championship title overall and a first title since 1937.

All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was a hurling competition organized by the Gaelic Athletic Association in Ireland. The competition was originally contested by the second teams of the strong counties, and the first teams of the weaker counties. In the years from 1961 to 1973 and from 1997 until now, the strong counties have competed for the All-Ireland Intermediate Hurling Championship instead. The competition was then restricted to the weaker counties. The competition was discontinued after 2004 as these counties now compete for the Nicky Rackard Cup instead.

From 1974 to 1982, the original format of the competition was abandoned, and the competition was incorporated in Division 3 of the National Hurling League. The original format, including the strong hurling counties was re-introduced in 1983.
The Voice of Ireland series 4
The Voice of Ireland is an Irish reality talent show.  The fourth series of the programme premiered on 4 January 2015 on RTÉ One and concluded on 26 April, similar to previous seasons. Kathryn Thomas returned as main host, while her colleague Eoghan McDermott remained the show's co-host. Television personalities Bressie and Kian Egan both returned as coaches, while The Saturdays singer Una Healy and S Club 7 star Rachel Stevens filled the remaining two positions. Screentime Shinawil Productions continued to produce the talent programme.

Patrick Donoghue was crowned the winner on 26 April 2015, with his version of Jessie J's Mama Knows Best, which was later released on iTunes. He was coached by The Saturdays singer Una Healy. After winning the recording contract with Universal, Donoghue decided to change his stage name to Patrick James as he found it represented him more as an artist.

Niall Breslin
Niall Breslin (born 22 October 1980), known as Bressie, is an Irish musician, former Westmeath Gaelic footballer and Leinster Rugby player. Breslin found success as the lead singer, guitarist, songwriter with pop band The Blizzards, as a co-writer and producer with XIX Entertainment and as a solo artist. 
He was the winning coach on the first, third and fifth seasons of The Voice of Ireland.
Taitema Lake
Taitema Lake (Chinese: 台特玛湖) is an endorheic lake in Ruoqiang County, Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, southeast of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. It is located in the northern part of Ruoqiang County, and is one of the three main depressions of that area, the other two being Karakoshun Lake (喀拉库顺湖) and Lop Nur.

For about 1,500 years before 1921, the Tarim River poured into Taitema Lake from north, the Qiemo River from southwest, and the lake water overflowed southward into Karakoshun Lake and then entered Lop Nur from south.

In 1959, the area of Taitema Lake was 183 square kilometers.  However, Lake Taitma completely dried up by 1974.

Since 2010, a large amount of water from the Qiemo River, which originates from the Kunlun Mountains, created Taitema Lake of about 300 square kilometers. The current water source of Taitema Lake is mainly from the Qiemo.

Ruoqiang County
Ruoqiang County (Chinese: 若羌县) as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Qakilik County (Uyghur: چاقىلىق ناھىيىسى; Chinese: 卡克里克县), is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China under the administration of the Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. It covers an area of 198,318 square kilometres (76,571 sq mi) (about twice the size of Zhejiang province and similar to Kyrgyzstan or Senegal), making it the largest county-level division in the country.

The county seat is in Ruoqiang Town. This is the location which less-detailed maps will label as "Ruoqiang". It lies at an altitude of 848 metres (2,782 ft).
Hermann Zimmer
Hermann Zimmer was an early pioneer of the Baháʼí Faith in Germany. Zimmer is one of a few Baháʼís who revived the efforts of Ruth White to oppose Shoghi Effendi, claiming that the Will and Testament of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá was forged.

Ahmad Sohrab
Mírzá Aḥmad Sohráb (March 21, 1890 – April 20, 1958) was a Persian-American author and Baháʼí who served as 'Abdu'l-Bahá's secretary and interpreter from 1912 to 1919. He co-founded the New History Society and the Caravan of East and West in New York and was excommunicated from the Baháʼí Faith in 1939 by Shoghi Effendi.
1993 Indonesian Women's Open Tennis Championships
The 1993 Indonesian Women's Open Tennis Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Gelora Senayan Stadium in Jakarta, Indonesia and was part of Tier IV of the 1993 WTA Tour. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from 26 April through 2 May 1993. First-seeded Yayuk Basuki won the singles title and earned $18,000 first-prize money.

1993 WTA Tour
The 1993 WTA Tour, also known by its sponsored name Kraft General Foods World Tour, was the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The WTA Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events.  ITF tournaments are not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
Lake Luzerne-Hadley, New York
Lake Luzerne-Hadley was a census-designated place (CDP) in Saratoga and Warren counties in the U.S. state of New York. The portion in Warren County is part of the Glens Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. The CDP consisted of the centers of population in the towns of Hadley (Saratoga County) and Lake Luzerne (Warren County).

The population was 2,240 at the 2000 census. For the 2010 census, the area was redelineated as two separate CDPs, Lake Luzerne (pop. 1,227) and Hadley (pop. 1,009). The CDPs are located at the confluence of the Sacandaga and Hudson rivers.

Warren County, New York
Warren County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,737. The county seat is Queensbury. The county was established in 1813 and is named in honor of General Joseph Warren, an American Revolutionary War hero of the Battle of Bunker Hill. The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.
Navobod, Hisor
Navobod (Tajik: Навобод, Russian: Навобод) is a village and jamoat in Tajikistan. It is part of the city of Hisor in Districts of Republican Subordination. The jamoat has a total population of 26,321 (2015).

Hisar (Tajikistan)
Hisor (Tajik: Ҳисор) or Hisar (Russian: Гиссар, Gissar) is a city in western Tajikistan, about 15 km west of Dushanbe. The city was the seat of the former Hisar District, and is part of the Districts of Republican Subordination. It lies at an altitude of 799–824 m, surrounded by high mountains (Gissar Range to the north, Babatag and Aktau ranges to the south). The river Khanaka, a tributary to the Kofarnihon, flows through the town. Its population is estimated at 29,100 for the city proper and 308,100 for the city with the outlying communities (2020). As of 2002, its population was composed 81.6% of Tajiks, 12.3% Uzbeks, 3.6% Russians, and 2.5% others.
Internet censorship in the Republic of Ireland
Internet censorship in Ireland is a controversial issue with the introduction of a graduated response policy in 2008 followed by an effort to block certain file sharing sites starting in February 2009. Beyond these issues there are no government restrictions on access to the Internet or credible reports that the government monitored e-mail or Internet chat rooms. Individuals and groups could engage in the expression of views via the Internet, including by e-mail. Irish law provides for freedom of speech including for members of the press, and the government generally respects these rights in practice. An independent press, an effective judiciary, and a functioning democratic political system act jointly to ensure freedom of speech and of the press.

Irish Recorded Music Association
The Irish Recorded Music Association (IRMA) is a non-profit association set up in 1999 to promote certain interests of the music industry in Ireland. It is particularly active in addressing copyright issues, and it compiles the official music charts for Ireland.
Jærbladet
Jærbladet is a Norwegian local newspaper published in Bryne, at Jæren in county Rogaland. It covers the three municipalities: Time, Hå and Klepp. It is issued three days a week, Monday, Wednesday and Friday. It started in 1949. The newspaper tends to use  the written form of nynorsk (modernized Norwegian), typical for the western counties, but bokmål (modernized Dano-Norwegian) as well.

Jærbladet is published by Jærbladet AS, which is owned by Amedia.

Jæren
Jæren is a traditional district in Rogaland county, Norway. The other districts in Rogaland are Dalane, Ryfylke, and Haugalandet. Jæren is one of the 15 districts that comprise Western Norway.

At about 700 square kilometres (270 sq mi), Jæren is the largest flat lowland area in Norway, stretching from the municipality of Randaberg in the north to Hå in the south. It includes the whole Stavanger Peninsula and the mainland area at its base. The coast is flat compared to the rest of the  mountainous Norwegian coast, and it has sandy beaches along most of the coastline. The largest urban area in Jæren is the adjoining cities of Stavanger/Sandnes (pop. 210,874 in 2015).
Otryt
Otryt is a mountain range in the Bieszczady Mountains  of south-eastern Poland. It is located north of the San river. Its highest point is Trohaniec (939 m). Otryt is a long, straight ridge, approx. 18 km long, covered with fir and beech forests.

Bieszczady Mountains
The Bieszczady Mountains (Polish: Bieszczady; Slovak: Beščady; Ukrainian: Бещади, romanized: Beshchady) are a mountain range found in the extreme southeast of Poland and northeast of Slovakia, as well as southwest of Ukraine. They are a part of the Eastern Beskids. Their highest peak is Pikui, situated in Ukraine, at 1,405 metres (4,610 ft), and the highest within the borders of Poland is Tarnica, at 1,346 metres (4,416 ft).
Ray Cooper (fighter)
Raynald "Ray" Cooper Jr. is an American former fighter. During his career, he holds notable upset victories over Jake Shields, Antonio McKee, and Hermes Franca. A professional competitor for promotions in his native Hawaii and Shooto from 1997 until 2008. His son, Ray Cooper III, is also a professional fighter.

Hermes França
Hermes França Barros (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈeʁmis ˈfɾɐ̃sɐ]; born August 26, 1974) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist. He has competed for the UFC, WEC, MFC, and Israel FC. He is a former WEC Lightweight Champion, and former UFC Lightweight Championship contender.
Maria Kuryluk
Maria (Mia) Kuryluk (24 December 1917 – 1 January 2001) was a poet, writer, translator and amateur pianist. She was first married to Teddy Gleich (1912–1946), then to Karol Kuryluk (1910–1967). She was the mother of Ewa Kuryluk and Piotr Kuryluk (1950–2004).

Heinrich von Kleist
Bernd Heinrich Wilhelm von Kleist (German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç fɔn ˈklaɪst] ⓘ; 18 October 1777 – 21 November 1811) was a German poet, dramatist, novelist, short story writer and journalist. His best known works are the theatre plays The Prince of Homburg, Das Käthchen von Heilbronn, The Broken Jug, Amphitryon and Penthesilea, and the novellas Michael Kohlhaas and The Marquise of O. Kleist ended his life in a suicide pact by shooting himself together with a close female friend who was terminally ill.

The Kleist Prize, a prestigious prize for German literature, is named after him, as was the Kleist Theater in his birthplace Frankfurt an der Oder.
Stan Brookshire
Stanford Raynold Brookshire (July 22, 1905 – October 10, 1990) was a mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina.

Brookshire served as mayor from 1961 to 1969. He was the longest-serving mayor until 1975, when his immediate successor, John M. Belk, tied him by winning his fourth re-election, though Belk's fourth term would be extended another six months thanks to a change in state law.

A native of Troutman, North Carolina, Brookshire graduated from Duke University and came to Charlotte as a newspaper reporter. He led the Charlotte Chamber of Commerce (as would Belk) prior to becoming mayor.

The Brookshire Freeway, as well as Brookshire Boulevard (both parts of North Carolina Highway 16; the former is shared with Interstate 277), are named in honor of him, and he, along with Belk, is the subject of a book by Alex Coffin, entitled Brookshire & Belk: Businessmen in City Hall.

Mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina
The office of the Mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina is currently held by Democrat Vi Lyles, who took office in December 2017 after defeating Republican Kenny Smith in the November election.

The office was established in 1853, when William F. Davidson was elected to serve as intendant. In 1861, the title was changed from intendant to mayor. Below is a list of people who have served as the mayor of Charlotte.

Charlotte mayors serve two-year terms and elections take place in off-years. The longest-serving mayor is Pat McCrory, who served from 1995 to 2009.
Ricardo Rodriguez (wrestler)
Jesús Ricardo Rodríguez (born February 17, 1986) is an American professional wrestler and commentator, primarily performing for Major League Wrestling (MLW). He is best known for his time in WWE under the ring name Ricardo Rodriguez. He returned to the independent circuit in 2014 as Chimaera. He also worked as an announcer for Combate Americas and as a manager for Alberto del Rio wrestling promotion Nación Lucha Libre before its closure in January 2020. He has also worked as a Spanish language commentator for AEW.

WWC Puerto Rico Championship
The WWC Puerto Rico Championship is the secondary professional wrestling championship that is defended by the World Wrestling Council based in Puerto Rico. The title was created in January 1974 and, as its name suggests, is defended exclusively within Puerto Rico. Overall, the title has been possessed by seventy-five different wrestlers throughout the title's existence. The first champion was José Miguel Pérez, who was billed as champion upon the title's creation. He also holds the longest reign, at 426 days. Invader I holds the record for most reigns at 12.
1956 Torneo Godó
The 1956 Torneo Godó was the fourth edition of the Torneo Godó annual tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Barcelona, Spain and it took place from 28 May to 3 June 1956. Third-seeded Herbert Flam won the singles title.

Barcelona Open (tennis)
The Barcelona Open (currently sponsored by Banc Sabadell) is an annual tennis tournament for male professional players. The event was founded in 1953 as a combined men's and women's tournament until 1980. It is played at the Real Club de Tenis Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain on clay courts. The event is commonly known as Trofeo Conde de Godó (English: Count of Godó Trophy).
Avison Scott
Reverend Avison Terry Scott (18 July 1848 – 18 June 1925) was an English first-class cricketer active from 1867 to 1871, and who played for Cambridge Town Club (aka Cambridgeshire) and Cambridge University. He was born in Cambridge and died in Marylebone aged 76y and 335 days. He later became an Anglican priest.

George Gilbert Scott
Sir George Gilbert Scott RA (13 July 1811 – 27 March 1878), largely known as Sir Gilbert Scott, was a prolific English Gothic Revival architect, chiefly associated with the design, building and renovation of churches and cathedrals, although he started his career as a leading designer of workhouses. Over 800 buildings were designed or altered by him.

Scott was the architect of many notable buildings, including the Midland Grand Hotel at St Pancras Station, the Albert Memorial, and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, all in London, St Mary's Cathedral, Glasgow, the main building of the University of Glasgow, St Mary's Cathedral in Edinburgh and King's College Chapel, London.
Torsion of a curve
In geometry and kinematics, the torsion of a curve measures how sharply it is twisting out of the osculating plane.  Taken together, the curvature and the torsion of a space curve are analogous to the curvature of a plane curve. For example, they are coefficients in the system of differential equations for the Frenet frame given by the Frenet–Serret formulas.

Osculating plane
In mathematics, particularly in differential geometry, an osculating plane is a plane in a Euclidean space or affine space which meets a submanifold at a point in such a way as to have a second order of contact at the point.  The word osculate is from Latin  osculari 'to kiss'; an osculating plane is thus a plane which "kisses" a submanifold.

The osculating plane in the geometry of Euclidean space curves can be described in terms of the Frenet-Serret formulas as the linear span of the tangent and normal vectors.