hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Population ecology
Population ecology is a field of ecology that deals with the dynamics of species populations and how these populations interact with the environment, such as birth and death rates, and by immigration and emigration.

The discipline is important in conservation biology, especially in the development of population viability analysis which makes it possible to predict the long-term probability of a species persisting in a given patch of habitat. Although population ecology is a subfield of biology, it provides interesting problems for mathematicians and statisticians who work in population dynamics.

Population viability analysis
Population viability analysis (PVA) is a species-specific method of risk assessment frequently used in conservation biology.
It is traditionally defined as the process that determines the probability that a population will go extinct within a given number of years.
More recently, PVA has been described as a marriage of ecology and statistics that brings together species characteristics and environmental variability to forecast population health and extinction risk.  Each PVA is individually developed for a target population or species, and consequently, each PVA is unique. The larger goal in mind when conducting a PVA is to ensure that the population of a species is self-sustaining over the long term.
Pacific Bell (bull)
Pacific Bell #14 (April 1, 1981 – 1993) was an American bucking bull. He was the only three-time consecutive Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) Bucking Bull of the Year (1988 – 1990). In his career, he was successfully ridden only six times in over 150 attempts.

Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association
The Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) is the largest rodeo organization in the world. It sanctions events in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, with members from said countries, as well as others. Its championship event is the National Finals Rodeo (NFR). The PRCA is headquartered in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States.
Derek Lilliquist
Derek Jansen Lilliquist (born February 20, 1966) is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher and pitching coach. He played for the Atlanta Braves (1989–1990), San Diego Padres (1990–1991), Cleveland Indians (1992–1994), Boston Red Sox (1995) and Cincinnati Reds (1996), and has coached for the St. Louis Cardinals and Washington Nationals.

While playing for the University of Georgia (UGA), Lilliquist was selected as Baseball America's Pitcher of the Year and was an All-American in 1987.  In the major leagues, he functioned primarily as a relief pitcher.  With Cleveland in 1992, he posted career lows in earned run average (2.25), hits per nine innings (5.7), and walks plus hits per inning pitched (0.924) while appearing in a career-high 71 games.

Vero Beach, Florida
Vero Beach is a city in and the county seat of Indian River County, Florida, United States. According to the 2020 census, the city had a population of 16,354. Nicknamed "The Hibiscus City", Vero is situated about 85 miles (137 km) southeast of Orlando along the Indian River Lagoon and the Atlantic Ocean on Florida's Treasure Coast. Because it is located about 65 miles (105 km) north of West Palm Beach at the northern end of the South Florida region, the city has adopted two similar mottos "The Gateway to the Tropics" and "Where the Tropics Begin".

Vero Beach was named the 7th Best Small Beach Town in Florida by Southern Living Magazine in 2023. The main roadways in the city are U.S. Route 1, Florida State Road A1A, and Florida State Road 60 (20th Street), which has its eastern terminus at Sexton Plaza in the city.
SV Borussia-Preußen Stettin
SV Borussia Preußen Stettin was a German association football club from the city of Stettin, Pomerania Province (today Szczecin, Poland).

The club was established in 1937 after a merger of 1. Stettiner Borussia-Poseidon and SC Preußen Stettin.

After two seasons in the Gauliga Pommern (I) the team was demoted to the Bezirksliga, but returned to the top flight after one season, only to again be immediately sent down. They also played in the final Gauliga season (1944–45) which was cancelled after just three matches as World War II was drawing to a close. After the conflict all German teams in Stettin disappeared as the territory became part of Poland.

Gauliga Pommern
The Gauliga Pommern was the highest football league in the Prussian province of Pomerania (German:Pommern) from 1933 to 1945. Shortly after the formation of the league, the Nazis reorganised the administrative regions in Germany, and the Gau Pomerania replaced the province of Pomerania.
50th (Queen's Own) Regiment of Foot
The 50th (Queen's Own) Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1755. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 97th (The Earl of Ulster's) Regiment of Foot to form the Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment in 1881.

Battle of the Nive
The Battles of the Nive (9–13 December 1813) were fought towards the end of the Peninsular War. Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Wellington's Anglo-Portuguese and Spanish army defeated Marshal Nicolas Soult's French army on French soil in a series of battles near the city of Bayonne.

Unusually, for most of the battle, Wellington remained with the Reserve delegating command to his senior Lieutenant-Generals Rowland Hill and John Hope.
Poggiardo
Poggiardo (Salentino: Pusciardu) is a town and comune in the Italian province of Lecce in the Apulia region of south-east Italy. An old Messapian town, Vaste, is located in its territory as a frazione.

Lecce
Lecce (/ˈlɛtʃeɪ/ LETCH-ay, Italian: [ˈlettʃe] ⓘ) is a comune and a city in the southern italian region of Apulia, and capital of the province of Lecce. It is on the Salentine Peninsula, at the heel of the Italian Peninsula.

Because of its rich Baroque architecture, Lecce is nicknamed "The Florence of the South". "Lecce stone", a particular kind of limestone, is one of the main exports of the city. It is very soft and workable, thus suitable for sculptures. As well as being an industrial centre specializing in ceramics, Lecce is also an important agricultural centre, chiefly for its olive oil and wine production.

Lecce is home to the University of Salento.
2006 Colorado Holiday Blizzards
The Holiday Blizzards were major storms occurring in two segments during the last two weeks of December 2006 in the Denver, Colorado area. The blizzards occurred within a week of each other. A subsequent storm, narrower in scope, struck the area less than a week after the second blizzard, further hampering removal efforts and travel in the region. The blizzard covered homes.

Fort Collins, Colorado
Fort Collins is a home rule city in Larimer County, Colorado, United States, and serves as the county seat and most populous municipality of the county. It is the fourth-most populous city in Colorado with a population of 169,810 at the 2020 census, while the Fort Collins, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area has an estimated 375,000 residents.

Situated on the Cache La Poudre River along the Colorado Front Range, Fort Collins is located 60 mi (97 km) north of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver and is a major city of the Front Range Urban Corridor. It is a prominent college town, home to Colorado State University, a public research university and the second-largest university by enrollment in Colorado.
Milsons Point railway station
Milsons Point railway station is a heritage-listed suburban railway station located on the North Shore line, serving the Sydney suburb of Milsons Point. It is served by Sydney Trains T1 North Shore line services. The station is elevated and is accessible via both stairs and a lift. It was designed and built by the Sydney Harbour Bridge Branch of the NSW Department of Public Works. The property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Awning
An awning or overhang is a secondary covering attached to the exterior wall of a building. It is typically composed of canvas woven of acrylic, cotton or polyester yarn, or vinyl laminated to polyester fabric that is stretched tightly over a light structure of aluminium, iron or steel, possibly wood or transparent material (used to cover solar thermal panels in the summer, but that must allow as much light as possible in the winter). The configuration of this structure is something of a truss, space frame or planar frame. Awnings are also often constructed of aluminium understructure with aluminium sheeting. These aluminium awnings are often used when a fabric awning is not a practical application where snow load as well as wind loads may be a factor.
STOBAR
STOBAR (acronym for short take-off but arrested recovery or short take-off, barrier-arrested recovery) is a naval aviation system used for the takeoff and landing of fixed-wing aircraft from the flight deck of an aircraft carrier, where aircraft take off under their own engine power like a conventionally launched aircraft, often via a bow ski-jump to assist takeoff, but use arresting gears at the aft-deck to decelerate the aircraft upon landing. The STOBAR system can launch and recover ordinary fixed-wing navalised aircraft unlike the more specialized short take-off and vertical landing (STOVL) systems, and is simpler and less expensive to build than the more sophisticated catapult-assisted takeoff but arrested recovery (CATOBAR) systems, which use catapults to help accelerate aircraft, but cannot launch heavier aircraft like the latter. As of 2018, STOBAR aircraft carriers have been used widely on Russian, Chinese and Indian Navy aircraft carriers.

Landing
Landing is the last part of a flight, where a flying animal, aircraft, or spacecraft returns to the ground. When the flying object returns to water, the process is called alighting, although it is commonly called "landing", "touchdown"a or "splashdown" as well. A normal aircraft flight would include several parts of flight including taxi, takeoff, climb, cruise, descent and landing.
Amara War Cemetery
The Amara War Cemetery is a First World War British military cemetery in Amara, now known as Amarah, southern Iraq, that is the responsibility of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC). It contains more than 4,600 graves including three recipients of the Victoria Cross but is now in poor condition as the CWGC have not been able to work in Iraq since 1991.

Amarah
Amarah (Arabic: ٱلْعَمَارَة, romanized: al-ʿAmārah), also spelled Amara, is a city in south-eastern Iraq, located on a low ridge next to the Tigris River waterway south of Baghdad about 50 km (31 mi) from the border with Iran. It lies at the northern tip of the marshlands between the Tigris and Euphrates.

It had a population of about 340,000 in 2002, 420,000 in 2005, and 1,100,000 in 2020. Amarah is the seat of the Maysan Province. A major trading center for the surrounding agricultural area, the city is known for woven goods and silverware. The staple economic goods produced in northern Amarah are winter cereals such as wheat and barley, as well as animals such as sheep and horses.
KKPN
KKPN (102.3 FM), known as "Planet 102.3", is a contemporary hit radio station serving the Corpus Christi Metropolitan Area in the state of Texas. The station's musical format includes a balance of hip hop, rock music, and pop music in rotation.  Its studios are located along South Padre Island Drive in Corpus Christi, and the transmitter is in Ingleside, Texas.

Planet 102.3 also airs The Kidd Kraddick Morning Show from iHeartMedia's 106.1 KHKS in Dallas, Texas.

KHKS
KHKS (106.1 FM) is a contemporary hit radio station licensed to Denton, Texas. Branded "KISS-FM" the station serves the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, and is owned by iHeartMedia. The station is flagship of the nationally syndicated The Kidd Kraddick Morning Show. Its studios are on Dallas Parkway in Farmers Branch.

KHKS has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most U.S. FM stations. Its transmitter site is on West Belt Line Road in Cedar Hill.
BRP Antonio Luna
BRP Antonio Luna (FF-151) is the second ship of the Jose Rizal class of guided missile frigates in service with the Philippine Navy. She is able to conduct multi-role operations such anti-surface warfare (ASUW), anti-submarine warfare (ASW), and limited anti-air warfare (AAW). She is one of the service's primary warships until the introduction of new and more powerful contemporaries.

Jose Rizal-class frigate
The Jose Rizal class of multi-role general purpose frigates, currently in service with the Philippine Navy, are a heavily modified variant of the Republic of Korea Navy's Incheon-class frigates. The ships, which were built by Hyundai Heavy Industries (HHI), are specifically accommodated to fit the requirements of the Philippine Navy. The introduction of the frigates improved the capabilities of the Philippine Navy's Offshore Combat Force.
East Brisbane Ward
East Brisbane Ward was a Brisbane City Council ward covering East Brisbane and surrounding suburbs. It was abolished as part of the 2007 redistribution – taking effect at the 2008 election – with its area divided into existing Holland Park Ward and newly created The Gabba Ward.

The Gabba Ward
The Gabba Ward is a Brisbane City Council ward covering Woolloongabba, Dutton Park, East Brisbane, Highgate Hill, Kangaroo Point, South Brisbane and West End.

This was the first ward ever won by the Queensland Greens. It is currently held by Trina Massey, who succeeded Jonathan Sriranganathan in 2023 and was elected in her own right in 2024.
Casanova Lonati
Casanova Lonati is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 km south of Milan and about 11 km southeast of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 455 and an area of 4.6 km2.

Casanova Lonati borders the following municipalities: Albaredo Arnaboldi, Barbianello, Mezzanino, Pinarolo Po, Verrua Po.

Verrua Po
Verrua Po is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 45 km south of Milan and about 11 km south of Pavia. It is on the right side of the Po River; before the 1710s it was on the left side.
British Academy Television Craft Award for Best Make-Up & Hair Design
The British Academy Television Craft Award for Best Make-Up & Hair Design is one of the categories presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) within the British Academy Television Craft Awards, the craft awards were established in 2000 with their own, separate ceremony as a way to spotlight technical achievements, without being overshadowed by the main production categories. According to the BAFTA website, the eligibility of this category is "limited to artists directly responsible for the make up and hair design in the programme."

It was awarded as Best Make-Up in 1978 and kept the name until 1999, since 2000 the category is presented as Best Make-Up & Hair Design.

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Hairstyling
This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Contemporary Hairstyling and Outstanding Period and/or Character Hairstyling. Prior to 2020, awards were split between miniseries or movies and ongoing series.

Beginning in 2024, the Outstanding Period and/or Character Hairstyling category will be renamed Outstanding Period or Fantasy/Sci-Fi Hairstyling.

In the following list, the first titles listed in gold are the winners; those not in gold are nominees, which are listed in alphabetical order. The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place:
Essay on the Life of Seneca
Essay on the Life of Seneca (French: Essai sur Sénèque) was one of the final works of Denis Diderot. It contains an analysis of the life and works of Seneca, criticism of La Mettrie and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, autobiographical notes, and a tribute to modern America. It was published in 1779. In 1782 a revised and expanded version of this essay titled Essay on the Reigns of Claudius and Nero (French: Essai sur les règnes de Claude et de Néron) was published.

Otis Fellows
Otis Edward Fellows (1909 – May 15, 1993) was an American scholar of 18th-century French literature. He taught in the humanities for almost forty years at Columbia University.

Born in Hanover, Connecticut, Fellows died on May 15, 1993, in Portland, Oregon, at the age of 84, but lived for most of his scholarly career in Morningside Heights in New York City. He earned his Ph.D. in Romance languages in 1936 at Brown University.  Fellows began teaching at Columbia University in 1939, attaining the rank of professor in 1958.  From 1970 to 1977 held an endowed chair, the Avalon Foundation Professorship.
Governor of Zhejiang
The governor of Zhejiang, officially the Governor of the Zhejiang Provincial People's Government, is the head of Zhejiang Province and leader of the Zhejiang Provincial People's Government.

The governor is elected by the Zhejiang Provincial People's Congress, and responsible to it and its Standing Committee. The governor is a provincial level official and is responsible for the overall decision-making of the provincial government. The governor is assisted by an executive vice governor as well as several vice governors. The governor generally serves as the deputy secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and as a member of the CCP Central Committee. The governor is the second highest-ranking official in the province after the secretary of the CCP Zhejiang Committee. The current governor is Liu Jie, who took office on 18 December 2024.

Zhejiang Provincial People's Government
The Zhejiang Provincial People's Government is the provincial administrative agency of Zhejiang. It is officially elected by the Zhejiang Provincial People's Congress and is formally responsible to the ZPPC and its Standing Committee. The provincial government is headed by a governor, currently Wang Hao. Under the country's one-party system, the governor is subordinate to the secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.
David Bailey (rugby league)
David Bailey is a New Zealand former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s, as a centre, and also as a five-eighth. He is the son of New Zealand international rugby league footballer; Roger Bailey.

Ponsonby Ponies
The Ponsonby Ponies are a rugby league club based in Ponsonby, New Zealand. The club was founded in 1908 and was originally named Ponsonby United. The Ponies compete in the Auckland Rugby League competition and are the oldest rugby league club in NZ.
Ben Jonson folios
Ben Jonson (c. 11 June 1572 – c. 16 August 1637) collected his plays and other writings into a book he titled The Workes of Benjamin Jonson. In 1616 it was printed in London in the form of a folio. Second and third editions of his works were published posthumously in 1640 and 1692.

These editions of Ben Jonson's works were a crucial development in the publication of English Renaissance drama. The first folio collection, The Workes of Benjamin Jonson, treated stage plays as serious works of literature and stood as a precedent for other play collections that followed—notably the First Folio of Shakespeare's plays in 1623, the first Beaumont and Fletcher folio in 1647, and other collections that were important in preserving the dramatic literature of the age.

The Masque of Queens
The Masque of Queens, Celebrated From the House of Fame is one of the earlier works in the series of masques that Ben Jonson composed for the House of Stuart in the early 17th century. Performed at Whitehall Palace on 2 February 1609, it marks a notable development in the masque form, in that Jonson defines and elaborates the anti-masque for the first time in its pages.
Crawfords State Forest
Crawfords State Forest is a 258-acre (104 ha) state forest in New Kent County, Virginia. It is covered in mixed hardwoods, including bald cypress, tupelo, and loblolly pine.

Crawfords State Forest is owned and maintained by the Virginia Department of Forestry. The forest is open to the public for horseback riding and hiking. Hunting, camping, and motorized vehicles are prohibited. Some uses may require visitors to possess a valid State Forest Use Permit.

Virginia Department of Forestry
The Virginia Department of Forestry (VDOF) was established in 1914 to prevent and suppress forest fires and reforest bare lands. Since its inception, the agency has grown and evolved to encompass other protection and management duties:

Protecting Virginia's Forests from Wildfire

Managing the Forest Resource

Protecting Virginia's Waters

Conservation of Virginia's Forests

Manage the State Lands and Nurseries

Regulated Incentive Programs for Forest landowners.
Lanouaille
Lanouaille (French pronunciation: [lanwaj]; Limousin: La Noalha) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. The departmental road D704 (Sarlat-Limoges) passes through the town.

Sarlat-la-Canéda
Sarlat-la-Canéda (French pronunciation: [saʁla la kaneda] ⓘ; Occitan: Sarlat e La Canedat), commonly known as Sarlat, is a commune in the southwestern French department of Dordogne, a part of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Sarlat and La Canéda were distinct towns until merged into one commune in March 1965.
Prime-counting function
In mathematics, the prime-counting function is the function counting the number of prime numbers less than or equal to some real number x. It is denoted by π(x) (unrelated to the number π).

A symmetric variant seen sometimes is π0(x), which is equal to π(x) − 1⁄2 if x is exactly a prime number, and equal to π(x) otherwise.  That is, the number of prime numbers less than x, plus half if x equals a prime.

Conjecture
In mathematics, a conjecture is a proposition that is proffered on a tentative basis without proof. Some conjectures, such as the Riemann hypothesis or Fermat's conjecture (now a theorem, proven in 1995 by Andrew Wiles), have shaped much of mathematical history as new areas of mathematics are developed in order to prove them.
Frutal
Frutal is a municipality in the west of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. The population, estimated in 2022 by the IBGE, is of 58.588 inhabitants. The city has an area of 2,426.965 km2. Frutal is located in the region known as the "Triângulo Mineiro".

Uberaba
Uberaba (Portuguese pronunciation: [ubeˈɾabɐ]) is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is located in the Brazilian Highlands at an elevation of 823 metres (2,700 ft) above sea level on the Uberaba River, and is situated 418 kilometres (260 mi) from the state capital, Belo Horizonte. The city was granted its status in 1856 and derives its name from the Tupi language, meaning "bright water". As of 2022, the population was 337,836 inhabitants, making it the 7th-most populous city in Minas Gerais.