hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mikrogeophagus
Mikrogeophagus is a genus of cichlids native to the Llanos wetlands (Orinoco basin) and Guaporé–Mamoré river system (southern Amazon basin) in tropical South America. They are dwarf cichlids that reach up to 6 cm (2.4 in) in standard length.

They are popular with aquarists, especially M. ramirezi. These species spawn on flat rocks or leaves and not in small caves like the closely related cichlid genus Apistogramma.

Apistogramma
Apistogramma is a large genus of freshwater fish in the family Cichlidae native to South America, but also commonly kept in aquariums. They are dwarf cichlids that mostly feed on tiny animals and have breeding behaviors that vary depending on the exact species.
Drosera nidiformis
Drosera nidiformis is a tropical African sundew. This plant is indigenous to KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. Its classification is ambiguous; some sources refer to it as a synonym of Drosera dielsiana whereas others treat it as a separate species.  This plant was previously known as Drosera "maglisburg".

Drosera
Drosera, which is  commonly known as the sundews, is one of the largest genera of carnivorous plants, with at least 194 species. These members of the family Droseraceae lure, capture, and digest insects using stalked mucilaginous glands covering their leaf surfaces. The insects are used to supplement the poor mineral nutrition of the soil in which the plants grow. Various species, which vary greatly in size and form, are native to every continent except Antarctica.

Charles Darwin performed much of the early research into Drosera, engaging in a long series of experiments with Drosera rotundifolia, which were the first to confirm carnivory in plants.  In an 1860 letter, Darwin wrote, "...at the present moment, I care more about Drosera than the origin of all the species in the world".
Jack Dennis
Jack Bonnell Dennis (born October 13, 1931) is an American computer scientist and Emeritus Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

The work of Dennis in computer systems and computer languages is recognized to have played a key role in hacker culture. As a Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty member he sponsored easier access to computer facilities at MIT during the early development of the subculture.  Much of what would later become Unix came from his early collaboration with Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson. This collaborative and open philosophy lives on today.

Dennis was also a member of the Tech Model Railroad Club, which incubated much of the early slang and traditions of hacking.

John McCarthy (computer scientist)
John McCarthy (September 4, 1927 – October 24, 2011) was an American computer scientist and cognitive scientist. He was one of the founders of the discipline of artificial intelligence, and part of just a small group of artificial intelligence researchers in the 1950s and 1960s. He co-authored the proposal for the Dartmouth workshop which coined the term "artificial intelligence" (AI), led the development of the symbolic programming language family Lisp and had a large influence in the language ALGOL, popularized time-sharing, and created garbage collection.

McCarthy spent most of his career at Stanford University. He received many accolades and honors, such as the 1971 Turing Award for his contributions to the topic of AI, the United States National Medal of Science, and the Kyoto Prize.
Not Alone (Linkin Park song)
"Not Alone" is a song written and recorded by American rock band Linkin Park from the compilation album, Download to Donate for Haiti. It was released as a charity single on January 19, 2010; accompanied by a music video released on February 19, 2010.

Dave Farrell
David Michael Farrell (born February 8, 1977), also known by his stage name Phoenix, is an American musician, best known as the bassist of the rock band Linkin Park. He was also a member of Tasty Snax, a ska punk band.
Alcohol in Iran
Alcohol has been illegal for Muslim Iranian citizens since the formation of the modern Iranian state in 1925 under the semi-secular  Imperial State, and has been upheld by the current Islamic Republic government after taking power in 1979.

In 2011, 5.7% of the adult population self-reported consuming alcohol in the previous year.

Rudi Matthee
Rudolph P. Matthee, best known as Rudi Matthee (born 1953), is John and Dorothy Munroe Distinguished Professor of History in the History Department at the University of Delaware, teaching Middle Eastern history and specializing in the history of early modern Iran. He received his PhD in 1991 from the University of California. Matthee is a member of the Association for the Study of Persianate Societies, for which he also functioned as president twice in 2003–2005 and 2009–2011. He is the author of numerous books and articles on Safavid and Qajar Iran.
Noah Legacy Rise 2026
NOAH Legacy Rise 2026 was a professional wrestling event promoted by CyberFight's sub-brand Pro Wrestling Noah and took place on January 1, 2026, in Tokyo, Japan, at the Korakuen Hall. It was broadcast on CyberAgent's AbemaTV online linear television service and CyberFight's streaming service Wrestle Universe.

Abema
Abema (アベマ; often stylized as all caps) is a Japanese streaming service that launched on April 11, 2016, under the name AbemaTV. It is majority-owned by CyberAgent, with a 55.2% stake, and TV Asahi, with a 36.8% stake, while the remaining ownership belongs to various other companies, mostly in the media and entertainment industry.

Abema primarily functions as an online television network, featuring multiple FAST channels that offer news, sports, entertainment programming, with the option to become a premium member to view past programs on demand.
Queenstown-Lakes District
Queenstown-Lakes District, a local government district, is in the Otago Region of New Zealand that was formed in 1986. It is surrounded by the districts of Central Otago, Southland, Westland and Waitaki.

Much of the area is often referred to as Queenstown because of the popularity of the resort town, but the district covers a much wider area, including the towns of Wānaka to the north-east, Glenorchy to the north-west and Kingston to the south.

The district is sometimes called the Southern Lakes, as it contains Lake Wakatipu, Lake Wānaka and Lake Hāwea.

Glenorchy, New Zealand
Glenorchy is a small settlement at the northern end of Lake Wakatipu in the South Island region of Otago, New Zealand. It is approximately 45 km (28 mi) by road or boat from Queenstown, the nearest large town. There are two pubs, a café and a range of small shops in the town catering mainly to tourists but also to the small resident population. There is also a small airstrip which caters to small planes.

The locality of Paradise is nearby.

The Dart River / Te Awa Whakatipu and Rees River flow into the head of Lake Wakatipu at Glenorchy, and Blanket Bay, an indentation in the coast of Lake Wakatipu, is just to the south of the settlement.
Dateline Diamonds
Dateline Diamonds is a 1966 black and white British music film directed by Jeremy Summers and starring William Lucas, Kenneth Cope and the Small Faces.

It is an example of the "pop and cop" genre of film, which was popular in the UK during the early 1960s and was intended to present young musical talents to the teenage market. The film was a low-budget B movie and was released as a supporting feature to Doctor in Clover (1966).

Doctor in Clover
Doctor in Clover (U.S. title: Carnaby, M.D.) is a 1966 British comedy film directed by Ralph Thomas and starring Leslie Phillips, James Robertson Justice, Shirley Anne Field, John Fraser, Joan Sims, and Arthur Haynes. The film is based on the 1960 novel of the same title by Richard Gordon. It is the sixth of the seven films in the Doctor series.

British singer Kiki Dee sang the film's title track.
Thawi Watthana Samut Sakhon United F.C.
Thawi Watthana Samut Sakhon United Football Club (Thai: ทวีวัฒนา สมุทรสาคร ยูไนเต็ด) is a Thai association football club based in Samut Sakhon Province. The club plays their home matches at IPE Samut Sakhon Stadium. It is currently playing in the Thai League 3 Western region.

Prior to 2016, the club was called IPE Samut Sakhon FC. After it was promoted to the Regional League Division 2, the club changed its name to IPE Samut Sakhon United.

Samut Sakhon province
Samut Sakhon (Thai: สมุทรสาคร, pronounced [sā.mùt sǎː.kʰɔ̄ːn]) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, located along the coast of the Gulf of Thailand. In 2024, it had a population of 590,867, and an area of 866 km2 (334 sq mi), making it the 43rd most populated province whilst being the 4th smallest.
Faryd Mondragón
Faryd Camilo Mondragón Alí (born 21 June 1971) is a Colombian retired professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

In a club career that started and ended at his hometown club Deportivo Cali, Mondragón also had two spells at Argentine club Independiente. In European football, he had brief spells with Zaragoza in La Liga and Metz in Ligue 1, as well as a full decade split between Galatasaray in the Turkish Süper Lig and 1. FC Köln in the Bundesliga.

In a 21-year international career that started in 1993, he played 51 times for the Colombia national team. He was named in the Colombia squads for the 1992 Olympics, two Copa América tournaments, two CONCACAF Gold Cups, and the World Cups of 1994, 1998 and 2014. On 24 June 2014, Mondragón became the oldest player to play a FIFA World Cup match at the age of 43 years and 3 days, a record that was broken four years later by 45-year-old Egyptian goalkeeper Essam El Hadary.

1995 Supercopa Libertadores
The 1995 Supercopa Libertadores was the eighth season of the Supercopa Libertadores, a club football tournament for past Copa Libertadores winners. Independiente, who beat Flamengo 2–1 on aggregate in the final, won the competition for the second consecutive year.

1994 Copa Libertadores winners Vélez Sársfield took part in the Supercopa Sudamericana for the first time, taking the number of participants to 17.
2006–07 PBA Philippine Cup finals
The 2006–07 PBA Philippine Cup finals was the championship series of the 2006-07 PBA season's 2006-07 PBA Philippine Cup of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). The series was a best of seven affair and was the 92nd championship disputed in the league. The teams competing are first-seed Barangay Ginebra Kings and the second-seed San Miguel Beermen, two of the four San Miguel Corporation-owned teams.

San Miguel won the first two games of the series, with Game 2 going down to the wire; Ginebra then won the next two games with 30-point leads. In the pivotal fifth game, the Beermen faltered in the end game as the Kings lead the series for the first time. San Miguel led by a large margin in Game 6 but the Kings cut the lead and eventually came from behind to win the game, and their seventh championship, with Ginebra point guard Jayjay Helterbrand winning finals MVP honors.

2006–07 PBA Philippine Cup
The 2006–07 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) Philippine Cup or known as the 2006–07 Talk 'N Text PBA Philippine Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the first conference of the 2006–07 PBA season. It started on September 28, 2006, in Guam and ended on February 7, 2007.
Doha bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics
Doha, the capital city of Qatar, bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics. It was one of two cities in the Arab World, along with Cairo, Egypt to mount a serious bid.

Doha's bid was eliminated from consideration when it failed to make the Candidate city shortlist on June 4, 2008.

Had Doha been chosen to host the games, they would have been held from 14 to 30 October. The Paralympics would have been held from 9 to 21 November.

Transport network analysis
A transport network, or transportation network, is a network or graph in geographic space, describing an infrastructure that permits and constrains movement or flow.
Examples include but are not limited to road networks, railways, air routes, pipelines, aqueducts, and power lines. The digital representation of these networks, and the methods for their analysis, is a core part of spatial analysis, geographic information systems, public utilities, and transport engineering. Network analysis is an application of the theories and algorithms of graph theory and is a form of proximity analysis.
A Bad Day for Sorry
A Bad Day for Sorry is a novel written by Sophie Littlefield and published by Minotaur Books (an imprint on St. Martin's Press owned by Macmillan Publishers) on 4 August 2009, which later went on to win the Anthony Award for Best First Novel in 2010.

Anthony Awards
The Anthony Awards are literary awards for mystery writers presented at the Bouchercon World Mystery Convention since 1986. The awards are named for Anthony Boucher (1911–1968), one of the founders of the Mystery Writers of America.
Vice Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom)
Vice Chief of the General Staff (VCGS) was the title of the deputy to the Chief of the General Staff, the  professional head of the British Army. From 1940 until 1985 the Vice Chief was the second-ranking member of the General Staff and was a member of the Army Board.

Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom)
Chief of the General Staff (CGS) has been the title of the professional head of the British Army since 1964. The CGS is a member of both the Chiefs of Staff Committee and the Army Board; he is also the Chair of the Executive Committee of the Army Board. Prior to 1964, the title was Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS). Since 1959, the post has been immediately subordinate to the Chief of the Defence Staff, the post held by the professional head of the British Armed Forces.

The current Chief of the General Staff is General Sir Roland Walker, who succeeded General Sir Patrick Sanders in the role on 15 June 2024.
Amber Ward
Amber Ward (born 12 October 2001) is an Australian rules footballer playing for Adelaide. She was selected by the West Coast Eagles as an undrafted free agent following the 2020 AFL Women's draft, and made her AFL Women's debut in round 1 of the 2021 AFL Women's season.

2021 AFL Women's season
The 2021 AFL Women's season was the fifth season of the AFL Women's (AFLW) competition, the highest-level senior women's Australian rules football competition in Australia. The season featured 14 clubs and ran from 28 January to 17 April, comprising a nine-round home-and-away season followed by a three-week finals series featuring the top six clubs.

Brisbane won the premiership, defeating Adelaide by 18 points in the 2021 AFL Women's Grand Final. Adelaide won the minor premiership by finishing atop the home-and-away ladder with a 7–2 win–loss record. Fremantle's Kiara Bowers and Collingwood's Brianna Davey tied for the AFL Women's best and fairest award as the league's best and fairest players, and Carlton's Darcy Vescio won her second AFL Women's leading goalkicker award as the league's leading goalkicker.
Newmark Knight Frank Frederick Ross
Newmark Knight Frank Frederick Ross is a locally owned commercial real estate and property service firm founded in 1888 in Denver, Colorado. It is the region's oldest full-service commercial real estate organization.

Originally named Frederick Ross Company, the business joined forces with New York-based Newmark Knight Frank, who partners with London-based Knight Frank in October 2010.

Newmark Group
Newmark Group Inc. is a global commercial real estate advisory and services firm headquartered in New York City. It operates as Newmark, and is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "NMRK".

According to MSCI, Newmark was the third-largest investment broker in the Americas in 2023. In its ‘Top CRE Brokerage Firms of 2023, Commercial Property Executive ranked Newmark 3rd.

In 2011, the company was acquired by Cantor Fitzgerald, headed by Howard Lutnick. In 2025, Lutnick became commerce secretary in the second Donald Trump administration.
Republic of Noli
The Republic of Noli (Italian: Repubblica di Noli; Ligurian: Repubbrica de Nöi) was an Italian maritime republic in Western Europe that was centred on the city of Noli, in Liguria, and existed from 1192 to 1797. The area is now in the province of Savona, Italy. To protect itself from possible attacks and invasions by Savona and Marquisate of Finale, Noli allied in 1202 with the Republic of Genoa in a sort of protectorate, in fact, documents of the time show that the relationship was equal and not one of submission. The alliance allowed the Republic of Noli to have such growing importance that in 1239, a diocese was established there by Pope Gregory IX.

Marquisate of Finale
The Marquisate of Finale was an Italian state of the Holy Roman Empire in what is now Liguria, part of the former medieval Aleramici March. It was ruled for some six centuries by the Aleramici branch known as marquesses del Vasto (when they also held the March of Savona) and later Del Carretto, when Savona became a free commune. In 1598 the marquisate was sold by its last marquis, Sforza Andrea to Philip II of Spain and in 1713 it was finally ceded to the Republic of Genoa, where it remained so until 1797, when it was invaded by Napoleon, ceasing its existence.
Second Abdullah cabinet
Abdullah Ahmad Badawi formed the second Abdullah cabinet after being invited by Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin to begin a new government following the 21 March 2004 general election in Malaysia. Prior to the election, Abdullah led (as Prime Minister) the first Abdullah cabinet, a coalition government that consisted of members of the component parties of Barisan Nasional. It was the 16th cabinet of Malaysia formed since independence.

This is a list of the members of the second cabinet of the fifth Prime Minister of Malaysia, Abdullah Ahmad Badawi.

First Abdullah cabinet
Abdullah Ahmad Badawi formed the First Abdullah Cabinet after being invited by Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin to form a new government, following the resignation of the previous prime minister of Malaysia, Mahathir Mohamad. Prior to the election, Mahathir led (as prime minister) the sixth Mahathir cabinet, a coalition government that consisted of members of the component parties of Barisan Nasional. It was the 15th cabinet of Malaysia formed since independence.

This is a list of the members of the first cabinet of the fifth prime minister of Malaysia, Abdullah Ahmad Badawi.
Handicapping in Go
In the game of Go, a handicap can be given when two players of different strengths play each other to offset the difference and make a close, exciting game more likely.  Handicapping is much more common in Go than in other board games, as the system adapts comparatively well to handicaps; perhaps half of all Go games are played with handicaps.  Handicaps are given by means of stones and compensation points (komi).  A small handicap such as might be given with a difference of one rank is that the weaker player plays as Black and gets the first move, but offers no komi for the advantage.  Larger handicaps give free stones placed at the start of the game for the Black player.

Go equipment
The equipment required to play the game of Go consists of the board, stones (playing pieces) and containers for the stones. The quality and materials used in making Go equipment varies considerably, and the cost varies accordingly.
Miss Universe 2007
Miss Universe 2007 was the 56th Miss Universe pageant, held at the Auditorio Nacional in Mexico City, Mexico, on 28 May 2007.

At the end of the event, Zuleyka Rivera of Puerto Rico crowned Riyo Mori of Japan as Miss Universe 2007. It was Japan's first victory in forty-eight years, and the second victory of the country in the pageant's history.

Contestants from seventy-seven countries and territories competed in this year's pageant. The competition was hosted by Mario Lopez and Vanessa Minnillo, Miss Teen USA 1998. Mexican Latin pop group RBD performed in this year's pageant.

Miss Universe 2005
Miss Universe 2005 was the 54th Miss Universe pageant, held at the Impact Arena in Nonthaburi Province, Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand, on 31 May 2005.

At the end of the event, Jennifer Hawkins of Australia crowned Natalie Glebova of Canada as Miss Universe 2005. It is Canada's first victory in twenty-three years, and the second victory in the pageant's history.

Contestants from eighty-one countries and territories competed in this year's pageant. The competition was hosted by Billy Bush and Nancy O'Dell.
Ourproject.org
Ourproject.org is a web-based collaborative free content repository. It acts as a central location for the construction and maintenance of social/cultural/artistic projects, providing web space and tools, and focusing in free knowledge.  It claims to extend the ideas and methodology of free software to social areas and free culture in general. Since September 2009, Ourproject is under the Comunes Association umbrella, and gave birth to the Kune collaborative social network for groups.

Gratis versus libre
The adjective free in English is commonly used in one of two meanings: "at no monetary cost" (gratis) or "with little or no restriction" (libre). This ambiguity can cause issues where the distinction is important, as it often is when dealing with laws concerning the use of information, such as copyright and patents.

The terms gratis and libre may be used to categorise intellectual property like computer programs, according to the licenses and legal restrictions that cover them, especially in the free software and open source communities, as well as the broader free culture movement. For example, they are used to distinguish "freeware" (software gratis) from free software (software libre).

Free software advocate and GNU founder Richard Stallman advocates usage of the slogan: "Think free as in free speech, not free beer." This basically means: "Think free as in libre, not gratis."
Vanderbilt University Graduate School
The Graduate School manages many of the advanced degree programs of Vanderbilt University, a major research university located in Nashville, Tennessee.  While the Graduate School exists as a standalone institution within Vanderbilt, it awards degrees in conjunction with Vanderbilt's other constituent colleges (e.g., the College of Arts and Science or the School of Engineering).

Vanderbilt University School of Engineering
The School of Engineering provides undergraduate and graduate education in engineering and the engineering sciences at Vanderbilt University, a major research university located in Nashville, Tennessee.  Founded in 1879, the Vanderbilt School of Engineering is the oldest private school of engineering in the American South. The school has an exceptionally high percentage of female engineers, 41.6%, compared to a national average of 22.5%.
Platanaceae
Platanaceae, the plane family, is a family of flowering plants in the order Proteales. The family consists of only a single extant genus Platanus, with twelve known species. The plants are tall trees, native to temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The hybrid London plane is widely planted in cities worldwide.

Otto von Münchhausen
Otto II. Freiherr von Münchhausen (11 June 1716 – 13 July 1774) was a German botanist.  He was Chancellor of University of Göttingen and a correspondent of Linnaeus.  He named several species of oaks by the Linnean system, as well as other plants.

The standard botanical author abbreviation Münchh. is applied to species he described.