hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tilok Chand Mehroom
Tilok Chand Mehroom (1 July 1887 – 6 January 1966), was an Indian Urdu poet who was admired not only for his writings but also for his simple lifestyle and evident deep dislike of religious discrimination.

Nazm
Nazm (Urdu: نظم) is a major part of Urdu and Sindhi poetry that is normally written in rhymed verse and also in modern prose-style poems. Nazm is a significant genre of Urdu and Sindhi poetry; the other one is known as ghazal.

Nazm is significantly written by controlling one’s thoughts and feelings, which are constructively discussed as well as developed and finally, concluded, according to the poetic laws. The title of the nazm itself holds the central theme as a whole. While writing nazm, it is not important to follow any rules as it depends on the writer. A nazm can be long or short and there are no restrictions on size or rhyme scheme. All the verses written in a nazm are interlinked.
Arnold Adams
Arnold Adams (born July 9, 1985) is an American mixed martial artist and bare-knuckle boxer. He currently competes in the Bare Knuckle Fighting Championship, where he is the inaugural and a two-time BKFC Heavyweight Champion. As of April 4, 2025, he is tied at #4 in the BKFC men's pound-for-pound rankings.

2018 in Bare Knuckle Fighting Championship
The year 2018 is the first year in the history of the Bare Knuckle Fighting Championship, a bare-knuckle fighting promotion based in Philadelphia. The season started with Bare Knuckle Fighting Championship 1: The Beginning. BKFC is available on PPV all over the world and on FITE TV.
2020 Western & Southern Open
The 2020 Western & Southern Open was a men's and women's tennis tournament being played on outdoor hard courts from August 22–29, 2020. It was the first Masters 1000 tournament on the 2020 ATP Tour and the second WTA Premier 5 tournament on the 2020 WTA Tour. This was the first ATP tournament since the Tour was suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The 2020 tournament was the 119th men's edition and the 92nd women's edition of the Cincinnati Open. This event normally took place in Cincinnati, Ohio, but was held at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in New York City, United States, in order to reduce unnecessary player travel by centralizing the tournament and the subsequent US Open in the same venue.

2020 WTA Tour
The 2020 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2020 tennis season. The 2020 WTA Tour calendar originally comprised the Grand Slam tournaments supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Elite Trophy).

Many tournaments were cancelled or postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, including the Tokyo Summer Olympics and the Wimbledon Championships.
Andrew Watson Armour III
Andrew Watson "Butch" Armour III (October 22, 1908 – December 27, 1991) was a member of the prominent Armour family of meatpacking fame (Armour and Company), a company president, and notable philanthropist who, together with his wife Sarah Wood Armour, gave millions of dollars to Princeton University, St. Mark's School, Chicago's Field Museum of Natural History, and other charitable causes.

Armour and Company
Armour & Company was an American company and was one of the five leading firms in the meat packing industry. It was founded in Chicago, in 1863, by the Armour brothers led by Philip Danforth Armour. By 1880, the company had become Chicago's most important business and had helped make Chicago and its Union Stock Yards the center of America's meatpacking industry. During the same period, its facility in Omaha, Nebraska, boomed, making the city's meatpacking industry the largest in the nation by 1959. In connection with its meatpacking operations, the company also ventured into pharmaceuticals (Armour Pharmaceuticals) and soap manufacturing, introducing Dial soap in 1948.

Presently, the Armour food brands are split between Smithfield Foods (for refrigerated meat, Armour Meats) and ConAgra Brands (for canned shelf-stable meat products, Armour Star). The Armour pharmaceutical brand is owned by Forest Laboratories.  Dial soap is now owned by Henkel.
Nikolai Dobronravov
Nikolai Nikolayevich Dobronravov (Russian: Николай Николаевич Добронравов; 22 November 1928 – 16 September 2023) was a Soviet and Russian poet and lyricist. He collaborated with his wife Aleksandra Pakhmutova.

Dobronravov had two higher educations: in 1950 he graduated from the Moscow Art Theatre School, in 1952 the Moscow City Pedagogical Institute named after Vladimir Potemkin. He died in Moscow on 16 September 2023, at the age of 94.

Vladimir Potemkin
Vladimir Petrovich Potemkin (Russian: Владимир Петрович Потёмкин; 19 October [O.S. 7 October] 1874 – 23 February 1946) was a Soviet statesman, historian, educator, diplomat, academic and scholar who served as the People's Commissar of Education of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1940 to 1946.
2014 Maserati Challenger
The 2014 Maserati Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took taking place in Meerbusch, Germany, between 11 and 17 August 2014.

2014 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2014 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2014 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 150 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000, which represented an increase of the minimum prize money from $35,000. It was the 37th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 6th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Telecommunications in Bangladesh
The telecom sector in Bangladesh is rapidly emerging. Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) is the regulatory authority for this sector, overseeing licensing, policy, etc.

The calling code of Bangladesh is +880. There are also several SubCodes.

Telephone numbers in Bangladesh
The country calling code of Bangladesh is +880.

The dial plan type in Bangladesh is closed, and "0" is the Trunk prefix.

When dialling a Bangladesh number from inside Bangladesh, the format is:
"0 – Area/operator code (X) – subscriber number (N)"

When dialling a Bangladesh number from abroad, the format is:
"+880 – Area/operator code (X) – subscriber number (N)"

The subscriber number is the number unique to each individual telephone/mobile following the area/operator code. The Area/operator codes in Bangladesh are listed below, with a typical number format, where "X" denotes the Area/Operator code and "N" denotes the individual subscriber's telephone/mobile number.
Nanguneri Assembly constituency
Nanguneri is an assembly constituency located in Tirunelveli district in Tamil Nadu. It falls under Tirunelveli Lok Sabha constituency. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.

Tirunelveli district
Tirunelveli district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in India. It is the largest district in terms of area with Tirunelveli as its headquarters. The district was formed on 1 September 1790 by the British East India Company (on behalf of the British government) and comprised the present Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi, Tenkasi and parts of Virudhunagar and Ramanathapuram district. As of 2011, the undivided district (along with Tenkasi) had a population of 30,77,233.
Bahrain–India relations
Political, socio-economic, military and cultural ties exist between India and Bahrain. Bahrain is a close ally of India. As per Indian officials, the Kingdom along with its GCC partners are amongst the world's most prominent supporters of India's candidacy for a permanent seat on the UN Security Council, and Bahraini officials have urged India to play a greater role in international affairs. For instance, over concerns about Iran's nuclear programme, Bahrain's Crown Prince requested India to play an active role in resolving the crisis.

Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
Hamad bin Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa (born 28 January 1950) has been the ruler of Bahrain since 1999. A member of the ruling Al Khalifa dynasty, he has reigned as King of Bahrain since 2002, having previously reigned as emir.
Brice Marden
Nicholas Brice Marden Jr. (October 15, 1938 – August 9, 2023) was an American artist generally described as minimalist, although his work has roots in abstract expressionism, color field painting, and lyrical abstraction. He lived and worked in New York City; Tivoli, New York; Hydra, Greece; and Eagles Mere, Pennsylvania.

Helen Marden
Helen Marden (born 1941) is an American artist. Marden, née Helen Harrington, was born in Pittsburgh and studied at Pennsylvania State University. Her work is included in the collections of the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Princeton University Art Museum.
1990 Internationaux de Strasbourg
The 1990 Internationaux de Strasbourg was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the  Ligue d'Alsace de Tenis in Strasbourg, France that was part of the Tier IV category of the 1990 WTA Tour. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from 21 May until 27 May 1990. Unseeded Mercedes Paz won the singles title.

1990 WTA Tour
The 1990 WTA Tour (officially titled 1990 Kraft General Foods World Tour after its sponsor) was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 1990 tennis season. The 1990 WTA Tour calendar comprised the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III, Tier IV and Tier V events. ITF tournaments were not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
Winsford and Over branch line
The Winsford and Over branch line was a railway line serving the town of Winsford,  in Cheshire, England. It was operated by the Cheshire Lines Committee (CLC) from 1870 until the railways were nationalised under the Transport Act 1947, which took effect on 1 January 1948. Thereafter, the branch was operated by British Railways' London Midland Region until the line's closure in 1967 (1967).

Sentinel Waggon Works
Sentinel Waggon Works Ltd was a British company based in Shrewsbury, Shropshire that made steam-powered lorries (steam wagons), railway locomotives, and later, diesel engined lorries, buses and locomotives.
Humphrey Truman
Humphrey Truman (born 5 August 1935) is a British former tennis player.

Raised in Essex, Truman is the elder brother of tennis players Christine Truman and Nell Truman.

During the 1950s and 1960s he competed at Wimbledon, mostly as a doubles player. He made the mixed doubles quarter-finals of the 1959 Wimbledon Championships with sister Christine and featured in the singles main draw twice.

Truman, who was a pilot in the RAF, also played the sport of squash and appeared at the British Open.

Nell Truman
Frances Ellen 'Nell' Truman Robinson (12 December 1945 – 8 April 2012), was a female tennis player from the United Kingdom active in the 1960s and early 1970s. She was mainly known for her performance as a doubles player.
Harry Potter fandom
The Harry Potter fandom is the community of fans of the Harry Potter books and films who participate in entertainment activities that revolve around the series, such as reading and writing fan fiction, creating and soliciting fan art, engaging in role-playing games, socialising on Harry Potter-based forums, and more. The fandom interacts online as well as offline through activities such as fan conventions, participating in cosplay, tours of iconic landmarks relevant to the books and production of the films, and parties held for the midnight release of each book and film.

By the fourth Harry Potter book, the legions of fans had grown so large that considerable security measures were taken to ensure that no copy of the book was leaked before the official release date. Harry Potter is considered one of the few four-quadrant, multi-generation spanning franchises that exist today, despite Rowling's original marketing of the books to tweens and teens.

Order of the Phoenix (fictional organisation)
The Order of the Phoenix is a fictional organisation in the Harry Potter series of novels by J. K. Rowling. Founded by Albus Dumbledore to fight Lord Voldemort and his Death Eaters, the Order lends its name to the fifth book of the series, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. The original members of the Order of the Phoenix include: Albus Dumbledore, Minerva McGonagall, Alastor Moody, Kingsley Shacklebolt, James Potter, Lily Potter (née Evans), Sirius Black, Remus Lupin, Peter Pettigrew, Emmeline Vance, Marlene McKinnon, Frank Longbottom, Alice Longbottom, Benjy Fenwick, Edgar Bones, Sturgis Podmore, Caradoc Dearborn, Hestia Jones, Rubeus Hagrid, Fabian Prewett, Gideon Prewett, Dorcas Meadowes, Severus Snape, Aberforth Dumbledore, Elphias Doge, Arabella Figg, Mundungus Fletcher, and Dedalus Diggle.
2005 National Games of China
The 10th National Games of the People's Republic of China was a multi-sport event that was held in Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, from 12–23 October 2005. This was the first time the National Games was hosted by a province outside of Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangdong, which had hosted the games on a rotational basis.

As a premier national sporting event, the 10th National Games of the People's Republic of China aimed to identify and nurture athlete talents and build up the national teams for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing.

National Games of China
The National Games of the People's Republic of China is the highest-level comprehensive multi-sport event of China. It is hosted by the General Administration of Sport of China. The games is held every four years, usually in the summer or autumn of the year after the Summer Olympics.

The National Games was first held in 1959 in Beijing at the Workers' Stadium, when 10,658 athletes competed across 384 events in 42 sports.
Between 1&2
Between 1&2 (stylized as BETW9EN 1&2) is the eleventh extended play (EP) by South Korean girl group Twice. It was released on August 26, 2022, by JYP Entertainment and Republic Records and consists of seven tracks, including the lead single "Talk That Talk", which reached the top 20 of the Circle Digital Chart and the Billboard Global 200.

The album was a commercial success, exceeding 1 million pre-orders, making Twice the third female K-pop group to do so at the time after Blackpink and Aespa. In South Korea, the album debuted at number two on the Circle Album Chart with nearly 1 million physical copies sold. In the United States, it debuted at number three on the Billboard 200 with 100,000 equivalent album units and became the sixth best-selling album of 2022 in CD album sales. The album also reached the top ten in Japan, Finland, Poland, Sweden, Uruguay, and Croatia.

Formula of Love: O+T=＜3
Formula of Love: O+T=<3 is the third Korean studio album (sixth overall) by South Korean girl group Twice. It was released on November 12, 2021, by JYP Entertainment and Republic Records. It consists of sixteen tracks, including the group's first English single, "The Feels", and lead single "Scientist". The album is primarily a disco-pop and synth-pop record that also incorporates other genres such as Latin pop, hip hop, and R&B.

Formula of Love: O+T=<3 received universal acclaim and was a commercial success. The album sold over 700,000 units during its pre-order period and became Twice's best-selling album to date, surpassing a record previously held by More & More (2020).  It debuted at number three on the Billboard 200 with 66,000 album-equivalent units, becoming the group's fourth and highest entry on the chart.
Bouley Bay Hill Climb
Bouley Bay Hill Climb is a hillclimbing event held in Trinity, Jersey, and organised by The Jersey Motor Cycle and Light Car Club. The course on Les Charrières du Boulay was "first used for competition in 1921" and since 1947 has hosted a round (latterly two rounds) of the British Hill Climb Championship. Bouley Bay and Val des Terres hill climb in Guernsey are normally held in July and provide a two-stop tour for UK drivers contesting the series.

Of the 1947 event Raymond Mays said: "My E.R.A.'s time counted as a record because, although it was slower than the figure set the previous year by Bainbridge's 1½-litre E.R.A., the 1947 climb was run for the first time from a standing start."

The 2008 meeting included rounds 17 and 18 of the British Hill Climb Championship, both being won by Scott Moran.

Hillclimbing
Hillclimbing, also known as hill climbing, speed hillclimbing, or speed hill climbing, is a branch of motorsport in which drivers compete against the clock to complete an uphill course. It is one of the oldest forms of motorsport, since the first known hillclimb at La Turbie near Nice, France, took place as long ago as 31 January 1897. The hillclimb held at Shelsley Walsh, in Worcestershire, England, is the world's oldest continuously staged motorsport event still staged on its original course, having been first run in 1905.
Nina Pigulevskaya
Nina Viktorovna Pigulevskaya (Russian: Ни́на Ви́кторовна Пигуле́вская; 13 January 1894, Saint Petersburg – 17 February 1970, Leningrad) was a Soviet and Russian historian and orientalist. A graduate of the Saint Petersburg State University, she began working at the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in 1934, and by 1937 was working at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, later teaching at the Saint Petersburg State University from 1944 to 1951. She was made vice president of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society in 1952, and was a member of the Société Asiatique since 1960. She was received an Order of the Red Banner of Labour and two Orders of the Badge of Honour by the Soviet Union.

Order of the Badge of Honour
The Order of the Badge of Honour (Russian: орден «Знак Почёта», romanized: orden "Znak Pochyota") was a civilian award of the Soviet Union.

It was established on 25 November 1935, and was conferred on citizens of the USSR for outstanding achievements in sports, production, scientific research and social, cultural and other forms of social activity; for promotion of economic, scientific, technological, cultural and other ties between the USSR and other countries; and also for significant contribution to basic and applied research.

The order was awarded 1,574,368 times.

The "Order of the Badge of Honour" was replaced by the "Order of Honour" (Russian: Орден Почёта) by a Decree of the Presidium of the USSR on 28 December 1988. Following the USSR dissolution, it was replaced by the "Order of Honour" of Russia, established by Presidential Decree no. 442 of 2 March 1994.
Saint Patrick Street
45°27′30″N 73°36′38″W﻿ / ﻿45.458325°N 73.610458°W﻿ / 45.458325; -73.610458

Saint Patrick Street (officially in French: Rue Saint-Patrick) is a street in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

It runs for 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) on an east-west course (according to Montreal street directions) along the entire southern edge of the Lachine Canal. It begins at the Chemin du Musée, an extension of LaSalle Boulevard, at the canal's western entrance in the borough of Lachine, west of which it becomes the Chemin du Canal and runs along the spit of land that forms René Lévesque Park. Proceeding eastward from here, it traverses the boroughs of Lachine and LaSalle, then the neighbourhoods of Ville-Émard, Côte-Saint-Paul, and Pointe-Saint-Charles in Le Sud-Ouest, ending at Wellington Street beside the Wellington and Peel Basins on the Saint Lawrence River.

LaSalle, Quebec
LaSalle (French pronunciation: [lasal] ⓘ) is the most southerly borough (arrondissement) of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located in the south-west portion of the Island of Montreal, along the Saint Lawrence River. Prior to 2002, it was a separate municipality that had been incorporated in 1912.
Jem Spectar
Jem Spectar is the president of the University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown as of January 2007. Previously, he had been provost/vice president for academic affairs and professor at Western Oregon University; associate provost and professor at the University of Scranton; director of studies and lecturer at Princeton University; and assistant dean and associate professor of law at the University of La Verne College of Law. Spectar earned his Bachelor of Arts in international studies at the University of La Verne, an MBA from Frostburg State University, a Master of Arts from The George Washington University, the Juris Doctor from the University of Maryland Law School, and the Master of Arts in politics and the Doctor of Philosophy in political science from the Claremont Graduate University.

He was born in Cameroon and immigrated to the United States after college.

University of La Verne
The University of La Verne (ULV) is a private university in La Verne, California, United States. Founded in 1891, the university is composed of the College of Arts & Sciences, College of Business & Public Management, the LaFetra College of Education, College of Law, College of Health and Community Well-Being, an online adult school, two military centers, and a Regional Campus Administration that oversees six regional campuses. It awards undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral degrees. Many of their classes are taught at smaller campuses throughout the greater Los Angeles area and Kern County.
Barytonesis
In phonology, barytonesis, or  recessive accent, is the shift of accent from the last or following syllable to any non-final or preceding syllable of the stem, as in John Donne's poetic line: but éxtreme sense hath made them desperate, the Balto-Slavic Pedersen's law and Aeolic Greek barytonesis. In Biblical Hebrew grammar, barytonesis is called נסוג אחור (nasog akhor, lit. "receding backwards").

The opposite, the accent shift to the last syllable is called oxytonesis.

Phonology
Phonology (formerly also phonemics or phonematics) is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages systematically organize their phonemes or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs. The term can also refer specifically to the sound or sign system of a particular language variety. At one time, the study of phonology related only to the study of the systems of phonemes in spoken languages, but now it may relate to any linguistic analysis either:

Sign languages have a phonological system equivalent to the system of sounds in spoken languages. The building blocks of signs are specifications for movement, location, and handshape. At first, a separate terminology was used for the study of sign phonology ("chereme" instead of "phoneme", etc.), but the concepts are now considered to apply universally to all human languages.
Patan, Baitadi
Patan is a municipality in Baitadi District in the Mahakali Zone in Sudurpaschim Province of Far-western Nepal. The new municipality was formed by merging six existing villages Sakar, Silanga, Bhumeswor Gujar Basantapur and Patan on 2 December 2014. The office of the municipality is that of the former Patan village development committee. There are 10 wards in Patan

Gujar, Nepal
Gujar  is a village development committee in Baitadi District in the Mahakali Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,567 and had 475 houses in the town. It's on a countryside surrounded by dense forest and hills.