hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Per K. Enge
Per Kristian Enge (29 October 1953 – 22 April 2018) was a Norwegian-American engineer.

He earned a master's degree and doctorate in engineering from the University of Illinois. Enge then began teaching at Worcester Polytechnic Institute before joining the Stanford GPS Lab. He taught at Stanford as the Kleiner, Perkins, Caufield & Byers and Sequoia Capital Professor of Engineering, and later assumed the Vance D. and Arlene C. Coffman Professorship. Enge was named a fellow of the IEEE. The National Academy of Engineering granted Enge membership in 2005 "for leadership in the development of augmentations to marine and aviation global positioning systems that have become worldwide standards." He resided in Mountain View, California, where he died on 22 April 2018, aged 64.

Vance D. Coffman
Vance D. Coffman (born April 3, 1944) was the former chairman of the board and chief executive officer of Lockheed Martin Corporation. He has additionally served on the board of directors for 3M, John Deere, and Amgen.
Ministry of Disability Welfare (Maharashtra)
The Ministry of Disability Welfare is the ministry in the Government of Maharashtra which was carved out of the Ministry of Social Justice (Maharashtra)  and created on 9 January 2023.

The Ministry is headed by a cabinet level minister. Atul Save is current and Minister of Disability Welfare.

Ministry of Social Justice (Maharashtra)
The Ministry of Social Justice  is a ministry of the Government of Maharashtra. It is responsible for welfare, social justice and empowerment of disadvantaged and marginalized sections of society.

The Ministry is headed by a cabinet level minister. Sanjay Shirsat is current Minister of Social Justice.
Jay Dardenne
John Leigh "Jay" Dardenne, Jr. (born February 6, 1954) is an American lawyer and politician from Baton Rouge, Louisiana, who served as commissioner of administration for Democratic Governor John Bel Edwards. A Republican, Dardenne previously served as the 53rd lieutenant governor of his state from 2010 to 2016. Dardenne was Louisiana secretary of state. He was previously a member of the Louisiana State Senate for the Baton Rouge suburbs, a position he filled from 1992 until his election as secretary of state on September 30, 2006.

Secretary of State of Louisiana
The secretary of state of Louisiana (French: Secrétaire d'État de la Louisiane) is one of the elected constitutional officers of the U.S. state of Louisiana and serves as the head of the Louisiana Department of State. The position was created by Article 4, Section 7 of the Louisiana Constitution.

The current secretary of state is Nancy Landry.
King's Head Vanguard Pawn
In shogi, King's Head Vanguard Pawn or King's Side Vanguard Pawn (玉頭位取りgyoku tō kuraidori) is a Static Rook opening.

This opening utilizes a Boat castle in which the king (if played by Black) is positioned on 78 square. The pawn referred to then is the one on the seventh file that is originally at the head of the castled king (77).

The term vanguard pawn (位取り kuraidori, literally "position taking") refers to a positioning of a pawn advanced to the middle rank supported by generals as a phalanx-like attacking formation.

This pawn becomes a vanguard pawn by advancing to the middle rank 5 (75 square) supported by the left silver at the 76 square.

Shogi opening
A shogi opening (戦法 senpō) is the sequence of initial moves of a shogi game before the middle game. The more general Japanese term for the beginning of the game is joban (序盤).

A jōseki (定跡) is the especially recommended sequence of moves for a given opening that was considered balanced play at one point in time for both sides by professional players. (However, some jōsekis have become outdated when they are reevaluated to no longer give balanced play.) Jōsekis also typically include commentary about the possible reasons to deviate from the jōseki especially regarding blunders.

Note that not all openings have jōsekis. For example, trap openings like Demon Slayer, while they may have standard moves, are considered to favor one player and are not balanced play. Thus, the Demon Slayer opening is not a jōseki.
Kirkwall (Parliament of Scotland constituency)
Kirkwall in Orkney was a royal burgh that returned one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.

After the Acts of Union 1707, Kirkwall, Dingwall, Dornoch, Tain and Wick formed the Tain district of burghs, returning one member between them to the House of Commons of Great Britain.

Tain Burghs (UK Parliament constituency)
Tain Burghs was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1708 to 1801 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832, sometimes known as Northern Burghs. It was represented by one Member of Parliament (MP).
Bundesjugendorchester
The Bundesjugendorchester (National Youth Orchestra of Germany, BJO; German: [ˌbʊndɛs ˈjuːgɛnt ɔrˌkɛstər]) is the national youth orchestra of Germany, composed of pre-university students aged 14–19. It is supported by the project company of the Deutscher Musikrat and is based in Bonn. It was established in 1969, making it one of the oldest national youth orchestras in the world.

It is a member of the European Federation of National Youth Orchestras.

European Federation of National Youth Orchestras
The European Federation of National Youth Orchestras (EFNYO) is the association of the national youth orchestras of Europe. Its mission statement is to "provide a unique platform for the exchange of experience in orchestra training". It is co-funded by the Creative Europe Programme of the European Union.

EFNYO is a member of the European Music Council, International Music Council, Jeunesses Musicales International and Culture Action Europe.
Heinrich Boie
Heinrich Boie (4 May 1794, Meldorf, Holstein – 4 September 1827, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia) was a German zoologist. He was the brother of Friedrich Boie. In the field of herpetology they described 49 new species of reptiles and several new species of amphibians.

Heinrich Boie studied law at Kiel and Göttingen. At university he became interested in natural history through the lectures of Johann Friedrich Blumenbach and Friedrich Tiedemann. He was appointed Coenraad Jacob Temminck's assistant at Leiden. In 1825, he travelled to Java with Salomon Müller in order to collect specimens for the museum. He died there of gall fever.

A species of Indian gecko, Cnemaspis boiei, is named in honor of Heinrich Boie or his brother Friedrich Boie.

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach
Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (11 May 1752 – 22 January 1840) was a German physician, naturalist, physiologist, and anthropologist. He is considered to be a main founder of zoology and anthropology as comparative, scientific disciplines. He has been called the "founder of racial classifications".

He was one of the first to explore the study of the human being as an aspect of natural history. His teachings in comparative anatomy were applied to his classification of human races, of which he claimed there were five: Caucasian, Mongolian, Malayan, Ethiopian, and American. He was a member of what modern historians call the Göttingen school of history.

He is considered a pivotal figure in the development of physical anthropology. Blumenbach's peers considered him one of the great theorists of his day, and he was a mentor or influence on many of the next generation of German biologists, including Alexander von Humboldt.
Battle of Cochin
The Battle of Cochin, sometimes referred as the second siege of Cochin, was a series of confrontations, between March and July 1504, fought on land and sea, principally between the Portuguese garrison at Cochin, allied to the Trimumpara Raja, and the armies of the Zamorin of Calicut and vassal Malabari states.

The celebrated heroics of the tiny Portuguese garrison, led by Duarte Pacheco Pereira, fended off an invading army several hundred times bigger. It proved a humiliating defeat for the Zamorin of Calicut. He not only failed to conquer Cochin, but his inability to crush the tiny opposition undermined the faith of his vassals and allies. The Zamorin lost much of his traditional authority over the Malabar states of India in the aftermath. The preservation of Cochin secured the continued presence of the Portuguese in India.

Ford (crossing)
A ford is a shallow section of a river or stream where it may be crossed by wading, on horseback, or inside a vehicle. A ford may occur naturally or be constructed. Fords may be impassable during high water. A low-water crossing is a low bridge that allows crossing over a river or stream when water is low but may be treated as a ford when the river is high and water covers the crossing.

The word ford is both a noun (describing the water crossing itself) and a verb (describing the act of crossing a ford).
2015–16 KTFF Süper Lig
The 2015–16 KTFF Süper Lig season was the 56th season of the Süper Lig in Northern Cyprus. Yenicami Ağdelen was the defending champion.

Mağusa Türk Gücü achieved their eighth title, ten years after the last one.

KTFF Süper Lig
The KTFF Süper Lig (English: CTFA Super League), officially the AKSA Süper Lig for sponsorship reasons, formerly known as the Birinci Lig (literally First League), is the top football league in Northern Cyprus. The league was founded in 1955 and is currently contested by 16 teams.

At the end of the season, the bottom two clubs are relegated to the KTFF 1. Lig, and the next four from the bottom play play-out matches to determine the third team to be relegated.
Petticoat Creek, Victoria
Petticoat Creek is a small coastal locality in the Shire of Colac Otway, Victoria, Australia. In the 2011 census, the population of Petticoat Creek was too low to report separately; however in November 2014 the Victorian Electoral Commission recorded two enrolled voters in Petticoat Creek, living in two properties.

The locality reportedly derives its name from the family of a settler, Henry Mutlow Biddle, who had eight daughters who used to hang their petticoats to dry out by the creek that ran past their house.

The Great Ocean Road runs through the locality, and is the only road in the area. The beach at Petticoat Creek is dominated by a rock platform, but with enough sand behind it for sunbathing and picnicking. Surf Life Saving Australia states that the area is "a very hazardous section of coast" for swimming. They also state that the rock platforms can only be safely used for fishing at low tide.

The Kookaburra Cottages tourist accommodation is based at Petticoat Creek.

Great Ocean Road
The Great Ocean Road is an Australian National Heritage-listed 240-kilometre (150 mi) stretch of road along the south-eastern coast of Australia, between the Victorian towns of Torquay and Allansford. Built by returned soldiers between 1919 and 1932, and dedicated to soldiers killed during World War I, the road is the world's largest war memorial. Winding through varying terrain along the coast, and providing access to several prominent landmarks, including the Twelve Apostles limestone stack formations, the road is an important tourist attraction.

The city of Geelong, close to Torquay, experiences great benefit from Australian and international visitors to the road, with Geelong Otway Tourism affirming it as an invaluable asset. In 2008, the Royal Automobile Club of Victoria (RACV) listed the road as the state's top tourism experience in its Victoria 101 survey, based on places that members of the public would recommend to visitors.
Engineer Mountain
Engineer Mountain is a 12,968-foot-elevation (3,953-meter) mountain summit located in San Juan County, Colorado, United States. It is part of the San Juan Mountains range which is a subset of the Rocky Mountains, and is west of the Continental Divide. Engineer Mountain is a prominent landmark set 1.5 mile immediately west of Coal Bank Pass, and is visible from multiple viewpoints along Highway 550, making it one of the most photographed mountains in the San Juans. It is situated 11 miles southwest of the community of Silverton, on land managed by San Juan National Forest. Topographic relief is significant as the southwest aspect rises 3,800 feet (1,200 meters) above Cascade Creek in approximately two miles. Neighbors include Snowdon Peak seven miles to the east, and Twilight Peak, five miles to the southeast.

San Juan National Forest
The San Juan National Forest is a U.S. national forest covering over 1,878,846 acres (2,935.7 sq mi, or 7,603.42 km²) in western Colorado. The forest occupies land in Archuleta, Conejos, Dolores, Hinsdale, La Plata, Mineral, Montezuma, Rio Grande, San Miguel and San Juan Counties. It borders the Uncompahgre National Forest to the north and the Rio Grande National Forest to the east.  The forest covers most of the southern portion of the San Juan Mountains west of the Continental Divide. The forest contains two alpine wilderness areas; the Weminuche and South San Juan, as well as the Piedra Area.
The Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad passes through the National Forest.

The name of the forest comes from the San Juan River, which was originally called the Rio San Juan, after Saint John the Baptist (San Juan Bautista in Spanish).
LXV Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXV Legislature of the Congress of the Union (65th Congress) was a meeting of the legislative branch of Mexico, composed of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. It convened on 1 September 2021, and ended on 31 August 2024, during the final three years of President Andrés Manuel López Obrador's presidency.

The Chamber of Deputies was elected in the 2021 legislative election, in which Juntos Hacemos Historia, consisting of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena), the Labor Party (PT), and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM), kept their majority but did not reach the two-thirds supermajority required to pass López Obrador's proposed constitutional reforms. This legislature was notable for being the first where deputies were eligible for reelection, with 129 out of the 500 seats being filled by returning deputies.

Presidency of Andrés Manuel López Obrador
Andrés Manuel López Obrador's tenure as the President of Mexico began with his inauguration on 1 December 2018, and ended on 30 September 2024. López Obrador, a member of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena) and former Head of Government of the Federal District, had previously run for president in the 2006 and 2012 elections. He assumed office following a landslide victory in the 2018 presidential election. Upon his inauguration, he became the oldest person to hold the office since the change to a six-year term of office.
Mike Blouin
Michael Thomas Blouin (born November 7, 1945) is an American politician who served as a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 1979, representing Iowa's 2nd congressional district.  He was a candidate in the 2006 race for Governor of Iowa but lost in the primary to Chet Culver.

Party divisions of United States Congresses
Party divisions of United States Congresses have played a central role on the organization and operations of both chambers of the United States Congress—the Senate and the House of Representatives—since its establishment as the bicameral legislature of the Federal government of the United States in 1789. Political parties had not been anticipated when the U.S. Constitution was drafted in 1787, nor did they exist at the time the first Senate elections and House elections occurred in 1788 and 1789. Organized political parties developed in the U.S. in the 1790s, but political factions—from which organized parties evolved—began to appear almost immediately after the 1st Congress convened. Those who supported the Washington administration were referred to as "pro-administration" and would eventually form the Federalist Party, while those in opposition joined the emerging Democratic-Republican Party.
John XXIII: The Pope of Peace
John XXIII: The Pope of Peace (Italian: Papa Giovanni - Ioannes XXIII, also known as John XXIII, Pope John XXIII and Pope John XXIII: The Pope Of Peace) is a 2002 Italian television movie directed by Giorgio Capitani. The film is based on real life events of Roman Catholic Pope John XXIII.

Alfredo Ottaviani
Alfredo Ottaviani (29 October 1890 – 3 August 1979) was an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church. Pope Pius XII named him cardinal in 1953. He served as secretary of the Holy Office in the Roman Curia from 1959 to 1966 when that dicastery was reorganised as the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, of which he was pro-prefect until 1968.

Ottaviani was a prominent figure in the Catholic Church during his time, and was the leading defender of Traditionalist Catholicism during the Second Vatican Council.
Metyaki
Metyaki (Russian: Метяки; Yakut: Мэтэки, Meteki) is a rural locality (a selo) in Arylakhsky Rural Okrug of Verkhoyansky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 212 kilometers (132 mi) from Batagay, the administrative center of the district, and 70 kilometers (43 mi) from Bala, the administrative center of the rural okrug. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 16; down from 32 recorded in the 2002 Census.

Bala, Russia
Bala (Russian: Бала; Yakut: Бала) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Arylakhsky Rural Okrug of Verkhoyansky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 142 kilometers (88 mi) from Batagay, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 543; down from 579 recorded in the 2002 Census.
Iktaba
Iktaba (Arabic: إكتابا) is a Palestinian town located four kilometers Northeast of the city of Tulkarm in the Tulkarm Governorate in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the town had a population of 2,665 inhabitants in 2007 and 2,997 by 2017. Refugees make-up 33% of the entire population in 1997.

Tulkarm Governorate
32°19′11.5″N 35°5′38.5″E﻿ / ﻿32.319861°N 35.094028°E﻿ / 32.319861; 35.094028

The Tulkarm Governorate (Arabic: محافظة طولكرم, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ṭūlkarm) is an administrative district and one of the 16 Governorates of Palestine, located in the north-western West Bank. The governorate's land area is 268 square kilometres. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the governorate had a population of 172,800 inhabitants. The muhafaza or district capital is the city of Tulkarm.
Electronic tagging
Electronic tagging is a form of surveillance that uses an electronic device affixed to a person to monitor their location or physiological state. It is a specific application of asset tracking technology where the "asset" being monitored is a person.

In some jurisdictions, an electronic tag fitted above the ankle is used for individuals as part of their bail or probation conditions. It is also used in healthcare settings and in immigration contexts. Electronic tagging can be used in combination with a GPS tracking unit for wide-area monitoring, but for short-range monitoring of a person, radio frequency technology is often used.

Asset tracking
Asset tracking is a specific application of telematics using a tracking system to monitor the location and status of physical assets. It involves using location data to know where an asset is, where it has been, and when it is expected to arrive at its destination. While the underlying technology is the same as automatic vehicle location technology used for a vehicle tracking system or in fleet management, asset tracking typically refers to the monitoring of non-vehicular assets, such as shipping containers, tools, medical equipment, and high-value inventory.
1977 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1977 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 80th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

St Rynagh's entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 18 September 1977 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Coolderry and Kinnitty, in what was their fourth meeting in the final overall. Coolderry won the match by 1–07 to 1–06 to claim their 24th championship title overall and a first championship title in 14 years.

1976 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1976 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 79th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

St Rynagh's entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 19 September 1976 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between St Rynagh's and Kinnitty, in what was their fourth meeting in the final overall. St Rynagh's won the match by 3–11 to 0–05 to claim their 10th championship title overall and a record fifth championship title in succession.
1991 Cork Junior A Football Championship
The 1991 Cork Junior A Football Championship was the 93rd staging of the Cork Junior A Football Championship since its establishment by Cork County Board in 1895. The championship ran from 29 September to 10 November 1991.

The final was played on 10 November 1991 at the Kanturk Grounds, between Knocknagree and Deel Rovers, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Knocknagree won the match by 2–07 to 1–08 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in seven years.

1895 Cork Junior Football Championship
The 1895 Cork Junior Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Junior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.

The final was played on 13 October 1895 at the Town Park in Mallow, between William O'Briens and Dromtarriffe. William O'Briens won the match by 0–04 to 0–01 to claim their first ever championship title in the grade.
Grange Hill series 16
The sixteenth series of the British television drama series Grange Hill began broadcasting on 5 January 1993, before ending on 12 March 1993 on BBC One. The series follows the lives of the staff and pupils of the eponymous school, an inner-city London comprehensive school. It consists of twenty episodes.

Grange Hill
Grange Hill is a British children's television drama series, originally produced by the BBC and portraying life in a typical comprehensive school. The show began its run on 8 February 1978 on BBC1, and was one of the longest-running programmes on British television when it ended on 15 September 2008 after 31 series. It was created by Phil Redmond, who is also responsible for the Channel 4 dramas Brookside and Hollyoaks; other notable production team members down the years have included producer Colin Cant and script editor Anthony Minghella.

The show was cancelled in 2008, having run every year for 30 years. It was felt by the BBC that the series had run its course.
Djougou I
Djougou I is an arrondissement in the Donga department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Djougou. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 27,334.

Djougou
Djougou [dʒu.gu] is the largest city in northwestern Benin. It is an important market town. The commune covers an area of 3,966 square kilometres and as of 2002 had a population of 237.040 people.

Djougou is home to a constituent monarchy.