hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
C43 road (Namibia)
The C43 is a secondary route in Namibia that begins in Bergsig, running for 457 kilometres (284 mi) to the Angolan-Namibian border where it terminates at the Epupa Falls.

The C43 starts at Epupa close to the Epupa Falls and leads due south to Okangwati, then south-east to Opuwo, where it crosses the C41. It then leads south again across Joubert Pass, descending from an elevation of 1,436 metres (4,711 ft). While the rest of the C43 has a gravel surface, at the pass there are some paved sections. From there the road passes Sesfontein and the veterinary fence at Palmwag before it terminates at the junction with the C39 from Torra Bay to Khorixas.

The C43 is used by tourists but deteriorates regularly during raining season. Since 2016 there are plans to tar its surface.

Palmwag
Palmwag is a veterinary control point, an oasis and a tourism concession area on communal land in northern Namibia. It is located in the Kunene region on the Uniab River, in northwestern Damaraland, halfway between Swakopmund and the Etosha National Park. It covers an area of 400,000 hectares and has populations of Hyphaena petersiana. Palmwag is situated on the Red Line, a veterinary cordon fence separating northern Namibia from the rest of the country.

Wildlife in Palmwag includes leopards, lions, cheetahs, mountain zebras, Angolan giraffes, springboks, kudu, and African bush elephants. The reserve has the largest population of south-western black rhinos in Africa; a local organization called Save the Rhino Trust protects them.

Palmwag is also a tourist attraction. The tourism concession was granted in 1986 and Palmwag Lodge opened in the same  year.
Jennerex
Jennerex Biotherapeutics, Inc. (now owned by SillaJen) was an American private biopharmaceutical company that developed the oncolytic viruses JX-594 and JX-929 among others. By creating oncolytic viruses that can (1) kill tumor cells directly through lysis, (2) activate the immune system by delivering genes that encode immunostimulants and by overcoming tumor cell-induced immunological tolerance, and (3) reduce tumor nutrient supply through the destruction of blood vessels, Jennerex aimed to create a novel approach to treating and possibly curing cancer.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), also known as colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), is a monomeric glycoprotein secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, natural killer cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts that functions as a cytokine. The pharmaceutical analogs of naturally occurring GM-CSF are called sargramostim and molgramostim.

Unlike granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which specifically promotes neutrophil proliferation and maturation, GM-CSF affects more cell types, especially macrophages and eosinophils.
Master of the Bigallo Crucifix
The Master of the Bigallo Crucifix or Bigallo Master (fl. 1215/20-1265) was an Italian painter active around Florence in the first half of the 13th century.  He ran one of the first fully organized workshops before Cimabue, specializing in large painted crucifixes for churches, one of the main formats for panel paintings at the time. His notname comes from one of these in the Museo del Bigallo in Florence.  A similar work is in the Palazzo Barberini site of the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica museum, Rome.

Notname
In art history, a Notname (German: [ˈnoːtˌnaːmə] ⓘ, "name of necessity" or "contingency name") is an invented name given to an artist whose identity has been lost. The practice arose from the need to give such artists and their typically untitled or generically titled works an acceptable if unsatisfactory grouping to avoid confusion when cataloging.

The phrases provisional name, name of convenience, and emergency names are sometimes used to describe anonymous masters. Nonce name was at one time used.
DreamWorks All-Star Kart Racing
DreamWorks All-Star Kart Racing is a crossover kart-racing game developed by Bamtang Games and published by GameMill Entertainment. The game was released on November 3, 2023, for Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X/S.

Kart racing game
A kart racing game, also known as cart racing game or go-kart racing game, is a subgenre of racing games. Kart racing games have simplified driving mechanics while including unusual racetrack designs, obstacles, and vehicular combat. Though the genre has its roots in the 1980s, Super Mario Kart (1992) popularized the genre, with its subsequent series still being considered the foremost kart racing franchise.
Marion Reimers
Marion Renate Reimers Tusche (born 2 August 1985) is a Mexican sports journalist, analyst, and television host. She is currently signed to TNT Sports Mexico. She is best known for her tenure with Fox Sports Mexico and Fox Deportes, where she anchored the nightly sports news program Central Fox from 2008 to 2021. She is also the co-founder and president of the non-profit, non-government organization Versus.

Liga MX Femenil
Liga MX Femenil, officially named as Liga BBVA MX Femenil for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league and the highest level of women's football in Mexico. Supervised by the Federación Mexicana de Fútbol, it has 18 participating teams, each coinciding with a Liga MX club.

Following the same schedule as the men's league, each season consist of two tournaments: an Apertura tournament, which takes place from July to December, and a Clausura tournament, which takes place from January to May.

Tigres UANL is the most successful team with 7 titles, followed by Monterrey with 4 titles, Guadalajara and América with two titles each, and Pachuca with one title. In all, only these five clubs have won the Liga MX Femenil at least once.

The current champions are Tigres UANL who defeated Club America with a 4–3 aggregate score in the Apertura 2025 final in November 2025.
2024 Eastbourne International
The 2024 Eastbourne International (also known as the Rothesay International Eastbourne for sponsorship reasons) was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 49th edition of the event for the women and the 13th edition for the men. The tournament is classified as a WTA 500 tournament on the 2024 WTA Tour and as an ATP 250 tournament on the 2024 ATP Tour. The tournament took place at the Devonshire Park Lawn Tennis Club in Eastbourne, United Kingdom between 24 June and 29 June 2024.

Eastbourne International
The Eastbourne Open (also known as Eastbourne International, formerly Rothesay) is a tennis tournament on the WTA Tour and the ATP Tour held at the Devonshire Park Lawn Tennis Club, Eastbourne, United Kingdom. Held since 1974, it is classified as an ATP Tour 250 series on the ATP Tour and a WTA 250 series on the WTA Tour (downgraded from WTA 500 in 2025). The tournament is played on outdoor grass courts, and is generally considered a "warm-up" for the Wimbledon Championships, a major tournament, which begins the following week. It was originally just part of the WTA Tour, but from 2009 it was combined as an ATP Tour event. It replaced the Nottingham Open grass court tournament from 2009–2014. Nottingham returned for 2015–2016 with no men's event in Eastbourne, however Eastbourne replaced the Nottingham event again from 2017 onwards. From 2022 until 2024, it was sponsored by Rothesay, with past sponsors including Viking Cruises, Nature Valley and AEGON.
Sēja Manor
Sēja Manor (Latvian: Sējas muiža; German: Zögenhof) is a knight's manor in Saulkrasti Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. It was formerly situated in Kreis Riga in the Governorate of Livonia.

Riga county
Riga county (Latvian: Rīgas apriņķis, German: Kreis Riga, Russian: Рижскій уѣздъ, romanized: Rizhskiy uyezd) was a historic county of the Duchy of Livonia, the Governorate of Livonia, and the Republic of Latvia which was dissolved during the administrative territorial reform of the Latvian SSR in 1949.
Pastoral Pursuits
Pastoral Pursuits (24 April 2000 – 23 February 2021) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was bred in Newmarket and sold for 24,000 guineas as a yearling. As a two-year-old he finished second on his debut but won his three remaining races including the Group Three Sirenia Stakes. His three-year-old campaign was abbreviated by injury but he added two major wins in the Hackwood Stakes and the Park Stakes. In 2005 he made only two appearances but recorded his most important victory when winning the Group One July Cup at Newmarket Racecourse. His racing career was ended by injury shortly afterwards and he was retired to stud. He had some success as a sire of winners.

The National Stud
The National Stud is a Thoroughbred stud farm in Newmarket which is owned by the Jockey Club. As well as commercial breeding services, it undertakes education and training activities and allows the public to visit the working stud on organised tours.
106th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 106th Division (第106師団, Dai-hyakuroku Shidan) was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. It has no call sign, similar to 101st division. It was formed 15 May 1938 in Kumamoto as a C-class square division. The nucleus for the formation was the 6th division headquarters. The division was originally subordinated to the Central China Expeditionary Army. Its first division commander was Lieutenant General Matsuura Junrokuro, a graduate from Japanese Army War College.

Central China Expeditionary Army
Central China Expeditionary Army (中支那派遣軍, Nakashina Hakengun) was a field army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War.

On November 7, 1937 Japanese Central China Area Army (CCAA) was organized as a reinforcement expeditionary army by combining the  Shanghai Expeditionary Army (SEF) and the IJA Tenth Army.  General Iwane Matsui was appointed as its commander-in-chief, concurrent with his assignment as commander-in-chief of the SEF.  Matsui reported directly to Imperial General Headquarters.  After the Battle of Nanjing, the CCAA was disbanded on February 14, 1938 and its component units were reassigned to the Central China Expeditionary Army.

On September 12, 1939 by Army Order 362, the China Expeditionary Army was formed with the merger of the Central China Expeditionary Army with the Northern China Area Army.
Bulbine alooides
Bulbine alooides ("Rooistorm") is a species of geophytic plant in the genus Bulbine. It is endemic to South Africa, where it grows in the Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal, and Northern Provinces. It is widespread in rocky areas in the southern Cape Region.

Cape Floristic Region
The Cape Floral Region is a floristic region located near the southern tip of South Africa. It is the only floristic region of the Cape Floristic Kingdom, and includes only one floristic province, known as the Cape Floristic Province.

The Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, is an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, and is home to over 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.

Much of this diversity is associated with the fynbos biome, a Mediterranean-type, fire-prone shrubland. The economical worth of fynbos biodiversity, based on harvests of fynbos products (e.g. wildflowers) and eco-tourism, is estimated to be in the region of R77 million (~US$5 million) a year.
Berkovich tip
A Berkovich tip is a type of nanoindenter tip used for testing the indentation hardness of a material. It is a three-sided pyramid which is geometrically self-similar. The popular Berkovich now has a very flat profile, with a total included angle of 142.3° and a half angle of 65.27°, measured from the axis to one of the pyramid flats. This Berkovich tip has the same projected area-to-depth ratio as a Vickers indenter. The original tip shape was invented by Russian scientist E. S. Berkovich in the USSR around 1950, which has a half angle of 65.03°.

As it is three-sided, it is easier to grind these tips to a sharp point and so is more readily employed for nanoindentation tests. It is typically used to measure bulk materials and films greater than 100 nanometres (3.9×10−6 in) thick.

Nanoindenter
A nanoindenter is the main component for indentation hardness tests used in nanoindentation. Since the mid-1970s nanoindentation has become the primary method for measuring and testing very small volumes of mechanical properties. Nanoindentation, also called depth sensing indentation or instrumented indentation, gained popularity with the development of machines that could record small load and displacement with high accuracy and precision. The load displacement data can be used to determine modulus of elasticity, hardness, yield strength, fracture toughness, scratch hardness and wear properties.
Pandora mine
The Pandora mine is a large open pit mine located in the north-eastern part of South Africa in Rustenburg, North West. Pandora represents one of the largest platinum reserves in South Africa having estimated reserves of 28.4 million oz of platinum. The mine produces around 39,000 oz of platinum/year.

Rustenburg
Rustenburg (/ˈrʌstənbɜːrɡ/; Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈrœstənbœrχ], Afrikaans and Dutch: City of Rest) is a city at the foot of the Magaliesberg mountain range. Rustenburg is the most populous city in North West province, South Africa (549,575 in 2011 and 626,522 in the 2016 census). In 2017, the city's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reached ZAR 63.8 billion, accounting for 21.1% of the GDP of the North West Province, and 1.28% of the GDP of South Africa.  Rustenburg was one of the official host cities of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, being in close proximity to Phokeng, the capital of the Royal Bafokeng Nation, where the Royal Bafokeng Stadium is located. The England national football team also used this as their base camp for the tournament.
The Cartesian Semantics of the Port Royal Logic
The Cartesian Semantics of the Port-Royal Logic is a scholarly work by John N. Martin, first published in 2019 by Routledge. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the semantics of the Port-Royal Logic (La Logique ou l’Art de penser), a key 17th-century text written by Antoine Arnauld and Pierre Nicole, which significantly influenced the development of logic and philosophy in the 17th and 18th centuries.

Term logic
In logic and formal semantics, term logic, also known as traditional logic, syllogistic logic or Aristotelian logic, is a loose name for an approach to formal logic that began with Aristotle and was developed further in ancient history mostly by his followers, the Peripatetics. It was revived after the third century CE by Porphyry's Isagoge.

Term logic revived in medieval times, first in Islamic logic by Alpharabius in the tenth century, and later in Christian Europe in the twelfth century with the advent of new logic, remaining dominant until the advent of predicate logic in the late nineteenth century.

However, even if eclipsed by newer logical systems, term logic still plays a significant role in the study of logic. Rather than radically breaking with term logic, modern logics typically expand it.
Brush Hill Historic District
The Brush Hill Historic District is a residential historic district along Brush Hill Road in Milton, Massachusetts.  First developed in the 1660s, the district now encompasses a diversity of rural-suburban residential architecture from the late-17th to mid-29th centuries, encapsulating the development of the town's predominantly residential character. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Milton, Massachusetts
Milton is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States and an immediate southern suburb of Boston. The population was 28,630 at the 2020 census.

Milton is located in the relatively hilly area between the Neponset River and Blue Hills, bounded by Brush Hill to the west, Milton Hill to the east, Blue Hills to the south and the Neponset River to the north. It is also bordered by Boston's Dorchester and Mattapan district to the north and its Hyde Park district to the west, with the neighboring Massachusetts city of Quincy to the east and the towns of Randolph to the south, and Canton to the west.
Taichung Basin
The Taichung Basin (Chinese: 臺中盆地; pinyin: Táizhōng Péndì), located in the central region of western Taiwan, is the third largest metropolitan area in Taiwan. It occupies parts of Taichung City, Nantou County and Changhua County. The basin borders the Choshui River in the south; the hill lands of Nantou in the east; the Tatu Plateau in the northwest; and the Pakua Plateau in the southwest. A notch connecting the Taichung Basin to the seacoast of Taichung City stretches between the two plateaus.

Zhuoshui River
The Zhuoshui River (Chinese: 濁水溪), also spelled Choshui or Jhuoshuei River,  is the longest river in Taiwan, with a total length of 203 km (126 mi). It flows from its source in Nantou County up to the western border of the county, subsequently forming the border between Yunlin County and Changhua County. The river serves as an unofficial boundary between the north and south of Taiwan.

The river is dammed in its upper reaches by the Wushe and Wujie Dams, and further downstream by the Jiji Weir. In recent years, the environment surrounding the river has been seriously degraded both by the construction of a dam across the river at Jiji and by the ongoing activities of the concrete industry.
Christianity in Nagaland
The majority religion in Nagaland state of India is Christianity. According to the 2011 census, the state's population was 1,978,502, out of which 87.93% are Christians. Along with Meghalaya and Mizoram, Nagaland is one of the three Christian-majority states in the country.

British rule in Assam
British rule in Assam started after the Treaty of Yandabo, in which Burma relinquished control over the Ahom kingdom, and the British took it under their protectorate. The kingdom ended in 1833 with British annexation. Other annexed areas in the region were integrated into an Assam province and governed by a British governor, until the Independence of India in 1947.
Callas, Var
Callas (French pronunciation: [kalas]; Occitan: Calàs) is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

On a hill top very close to some of France's best wine growers' vineyards this ancient town looms over the valley below. It's a 45-minute drive from more famous coastal resort towns such as Fréjus and Saint-Raphaël and is only 75 minutes by car away from Nice.

Fréjus
Fréjus (French: [fʁeʒys] ⓘ; Occitan: Frejús [fɾeˈdʒys]) is a commune and resort town in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France.

It neighbours Saint-Raphaël, effectively forming one urban agglomeration. The north of the commune forms part of the Massif de l'Esterel. On 2 December 1959, the Malpasset Dam, on the Reyran River above the city of Fréjus, ruptured, killing over 400 people.
Isdalen Valley
Isdalen Valley is an ice-filled valley between Aurdalsegga Ridge and Isdalsegga Ridge in the Südliche Petermann Range of the Wohlthat Mountains in Antarctica. It was discovered and plotted from air photos by the Third German Antarctic Expedition in 1938–39. It was replotted from air photos and surveys by the Sixth Norwegian Antarctic Expedition in 1956–60 and named "Isdalen" (the ice valley).

Südliche Petermann Range
Südliche Petermann Range (German: Südliche Petermannkette, also known as Söre Petermannkjeda, and Gory Otto Grotevolya) is one of the Petermann Ranges, trending NE-SW for 35 km (22 mi) from Svarthausane Crags to Gneiskopf Peak, in the Wohlthat Mountains, Queen Maud Land. Mount Neustruyev (also known as Gora Neustruyeva) is a 2,900 meter peak standing 8 km (5.0 mi) NNE of Gneiskopf Peak.
Toll-like receptor 8
Toll-like receptor 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR8 gene. TLR8 has also been designated as CD288 (cluster of differentiation 288). It is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family.

Cluster of differentiation
The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophenotyping of cells. In terms of physiology, CD molecules can act in numerous ways, often acting as receptors or ligands important to the cell. A signal cascade is usually initiated, altering the behavior of the cell (see cell signaling). Some CD proteins do not play a role in cell signaling, but have other functions, such as cell adhesion. CD for humans is numbered up to 371 (as of 21 April 2016).
St Peter's Church, Wrecclesham
St Peter's Church is an active Anglican Parish church in Wrecclesham, a village outside Farnham in Surrey. It is in the deanery of Farnham, the archdeaconry of Surrey and the Diocese of Guildford. The church was consecrated in 1840 and is a Grade II listed building.

Diocese of Guildford
The Diocese of Guildford is a Church of England diocese covering eight and half of the eleven districts in Surrey, much of north-east Hampshire and a parish in Greater London. The cathedral is Guildford Cathedral and the bishop is the Bishop of Guildford. Of the two provinces of the church, it is in the Province of Canterbury.
Tanheli
Tanheli (Chinese: 炭河里; pinyin: Tànhélǐ) is an archaeological site in Ningxiang, Hunan, one of major national historical and cultural sites in Hunan.

Situated in the upper reaches of the Wei River in Tanheli village, Huangcai town, Ningxiang, it is renowned as a Bronze Age cultural center in South China. Tanheli is famous as the location where the Four-goat Square Zun and the Da He ding were excavated along with 300 other bronze relics. It was identified as a site of the Western Zhou dynasty (ca. 11th century–771 BC). The core covers an area of 888,600 square metres (9,565,000 sq ft).

National priority protected site
A national priority protected site is the highest-level national protection for immovable cultural relics in China. The designation was first created under the 1961 Provisional Regulations on the Protection and Management of Cultural Relics, which evolved into the Law on the Protection of Cultural Relics.

According to the 2002 Cultural Relics Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, the National Cultural Heritage Administration of the State Council selects those with significant historical, artistic, and scientific value as national key cultural relics protection units. National key cultural relics protection units shall not be demolished; if they need to be relocated, they must be reported to the State Council for approval by applications from the people's government of the provincial administrative region.
Access 31
Access 31 (call sign ATW-31) was a free-to-air community television station based in Perth, Western Australia which operated between 1999 and 2008 before closing due to insolvency. The station had broadcast on UHF 31 from NEW's television mast at Carmel in the Perth Hills. It was also available at certain times on the Westlink Network, which at the time was broadcast via the Optus Aurora satellite service and some analogue terrestrial repeaters which included the city of Albany.

NEW (TV station)
NEW-10 is a television station broadcasting in Perth, Western Australia, and is a member of Network 10.

NEW10 broadcasts in digital television on VHF Channel 11 from Carmel, located in the Perth Hills. Its studios are located in Subiaco. NEW broadcasts good quality 1080i high definition digital programming sourced from Sydney. The callsign NEW10 was chosen for promotional purposes when the station first launched.

The station's former studios in Dianella were formerly host to the facilities of the regional Western Australian television station WIN Television WA (from 1999 to 2007) until WIN Corporation bought out competitor STW-9 in June 2007 and moved all WA operations to their studios.