hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fudge
Fudge is a confection made by mixing sugar, butter, and milk. Modern fudge has its origins in the 19th century United States, and became popular in American women's colleges late in the century. Fudge can come in a variety of flavorings depending on the region or country it was made; popular flavors include fruit, nut, chocolate, and caramel. Fudge is often bought as a gift from a gift shop in tourist areas and attractions.

Stella Parks
Stella Parks is an American pastry chef and food writer based in Kentucky. She has worked in various Lexington-area restaurants, notably Table 310, and was a longtime contributor to Serious Eats. Parks received a James Beard Foundation Award in 2018 for her bestselling cookbook BraveTart: Iconic American Desserts.
Kunbi Jakki Part II
Kunbi Jakki and his Celebrated Cause, also known simply as Kunbi Jakki Part II, is a three-act Konkani play written by João Agostinho Fernandes. It is a sequel to the 1941 play of the same title. The play was first composed in Bombay on 3 September 1941, and later revised in Margão on 27 March 1945, with the final three scenes translated into Portuguese. The only documented performance of the work was staged at Shri Chitra Mandir in Comba, Margão on 14 May 1946. Critical reception of the sequel was less enthusiastic compared to its predecessor.

Vassal
A vassal or liege subject is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe and elsewhere. While the subordinate party is called a vassal, the dominant party is called a suzerain. The rights and obligations of a vassal are called vassalage, while the rights and obligations of a suzerain are called suzerainty.
The obligations of a vassal often included military support by knights in exchange for certain privileges, usually including land held as a tenant or fief.

In contrast, fealty (fidelitas) is sworn, unconditional loyalty to a monarch.
TOI-1117
TOI-1117 is a single G-type star in the constellation of Pavo. It has approximately 0.97 times the mass and 1.05 times the radius of the Sun, with a surface temperature of 5,635±62 K and a spectral type of G7. TOI-1117 is too faint to be visible to the naked eye. Based upon parallax measurements, it is located 544 light-years (166.8 parsecs) from the Sun. The object is drifting towards the Sun with a radial velocity of −24.73 km/s.

G-type main-sequence star
A G-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence star of spectral type G. The spectral luminosity class is V.  Such a star has about 0.9 to 1.1 solar masses and an effective temperature between about 5,300 and 6,000 K (5,000 and 5,700 °C; 9,100 and 10,000 °F).  Like other main-sequence stars, a G-type main-sequence star converts the element hydrogen to helium in its core by means of nuclear fusion.

The Sun is an example of a G-type main-sequence star (more specifically a G2V star). Each second, the Sun fuses approximately 600 million tons of hydrogen into helium in a process known as the proton–proton chain (4 hydrogens form 1 helium), converting about 4 million tons of matter to energy. Besides the Sun, other well-known examples of G-type main-sequence stars include Alpha Centauri, Tau Ceti, and 51 Pegasi.
Miss Chinese International Pageant 2002
The 14th Miss Chinese International Pageant, Miss Chinese International 2002 was held in Guangzhou, China. This marked the second time the pageant was held outside Hong Kong. China would not host the pageant again, until 2007. For the first time in history, Vancouver won the title again, for the second consecutive year.

Miss Chinese International Pageant
Miss Chinese International Pageant (Chinese: 國際中華小姐競選, formerly 國際華裔小姐競選), or MCI (Chinese: 華姐) for short, is an annual international beauty pageant, organized and broadcast by TVB, a network television station in Hong Kong. It was established in 1988 and the Chinese name of the pageant was rebranded in 2007.

The current Miss Chinese International is Miss Hong Kong 2018 winner Hera Chan, who was crowned at the Miss Chinese International Pageant 2019.

The 31st Miss Chinese International Pageant of 2020, originally scheduled to take place February 2020, was postponed to 2021 due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
2012 Beijing International Challenger
The 2012 Beijing International Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2012 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Beijing, China between 28 July and 5 August 2012.

2012 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2012 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 15 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and a total of 148 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
Kin Kin Sawmill
Kin Kin Sawmill is a heritage-listed sawmill at 1 Sister Tree Creek Road, Kin Kin, Shire of Noosa, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1940s. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 27 November 2008.

Shire of Noosa
The Shire of Noosa (/ˈnuːsə/) is a local government area about 130 kilometres (81 mi) north of Brisbane in the Sunshine Coast district of South East Queensland, Australia. The shire covers an area of 870 square kilometres (335.9 sq mi). It existed as a local government entity from 1910 until 2008, when it was amalgamated with the Shire of Maroochy and City of Caloundra to form the Sunshine Coast Region. The shire was re-established on 1 January 2014. In the 2021 census, the shire had a population of 56,298 people.
Missa brevis
Missa brevis (Latin for 'short Mass'; plural: Missae breves) usually refers to a Mass composition that is short because part of the text of the Mass ordinary that is usually set to music in a full Mass is left out, or because its execution time is relatively short.

Gloria in excelsis Deo
"Gloria in excelsis Deo" (Latin for 'Glory to God in the highest') is a Christian hymn known also as the Greater Doxology (as distinguished from the "Minor Doxology" or Gloria Patri) and the Angelic Hymn or Hymn of the Angels. The name is often abbreviated to Gloria in Excelsis or simply Gloria.

The hymn begins with the words that the angels sang in the annunciation to the shepherds of the birth of Jesus according to the nativity story in the Christian Bible, in Latin in the Douay-Rheims Bible. Other verses were added very early, forming a doxology.

An article by David Flusser links the text of the verse in Luke with ancient Jewish liturgy.
Nine Garrisons of the Ming dynasty
The Nine Garrisons, or Nine Defense Areas (Chinese: 九边; pinyin: Jiǔbiān, also known as Chinese: 九镇; pinyin: Jiǔzhèn), was a system implemented during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) to protect the northern border and the Great Wall. Originally consisting of nine garrisons, the system was later expanded to eleven. Each garrison was controlled from a fortified garrison town, strategically located at important passages and reinforced militarily. The leadership of the garrisons was divided among three supreme commanders: Jiliao, Xuanda, and Shaanxi sanbian. Each garrison had a military commander, as well as a civilian administration. In total, approximately 300,000 soldiers and officers were deployed in the garrisons.

Juyong Pass
Juyong Pass (Chinese: 居庸关; pinyin: Jūyōng guān) is a mountain pass located in the Changping District of Beijing Municipality, over 50 kilometers (31 mi) from central Beijing. The Great Wall of China passes through, and the Cloud Platform was built here in the year 1342.
White Stars F.C.
White Stars F.C., also known as White Star or Newtown White Stars, was an association football club from Newtown, Powys, active in the 1870s, and (indirectly) a progenitor club of the current Newtown club.

Newtown, Powys
Newtown (Welsh: Y Drenewydd) is a town in Powys, Wales. It lies on the River Severn in the community of Newtown and Llanllwchaiarn, within the historic boundaries of Montgomeryshire. It was designated a new town in 1967 and saw population growth as firms settled, changing its market town character. Its 2001 population of 10,780 rose to 11,357 in the 2011 census, and rose again to 11,362 in the 2021 census.

Newtown was the birthplace of Robert Owen in 1771, whose house stood on the present site of the HSBC Bank. The town has a theatre, Theatr Hafren, and a public gallery, Oriel Davies, displaying contemporary arts and crafts. It is the largest town in Powys and Mid Wales.
Pablo Alfaro
Pablo Alfaro Armengot (born 26 April 1969) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a central defender, currently a manager.

In his career, in which he represented six teams – most notably Sevilla – he amassed La Liga totals of 418 matches and seven goals over 15 seasons, receiving a total of 18 red cards and being sent off nearly 30 times.

Alfaro embarked on a managerial career in the late 2000s.

2000–01 Segunda División
The 2000–01 Segunda División season saw 22 teams participate in the second flight Spanish league.

The teams that promoted to La Liga (top division) were Sevilla FC, Real Betis and CD Tenerife. The teams that relegated to Segunda División B were SD Compostela, Universidad de Las Palmas CF, Getafe CF and UE Lleida.
Earl of Darlington
Earl of Darlington is a title that has been created twice, each time in the Peerage of Great Britain. Baroness von Kielmansegg, half-sister of King George I, was made countess of Darlington in 1722. This creation was for life only, and so the title expired on her death in 1725.

The second creation came in 1754 in favour of Henry Vane, 3rd Baron Barnard, who became the first Earl of Darlington.

Henry Vane, 1st Earl of Darlington (c. 1705–1758)

Henry Vane, 2nd Earl of Darlington (1726–1792)

William Harry Vane, 3rd Earl of Darlington (1766–1842)

In 1827 Lord Darlington was created Marquess of Cleveland and in 1833 Duke of Cleveland.

William Harry Vane, 1st Duke of Cleveland (1766–1842)

Henry Vane, 2nd Duke of Cleveland (1788–1864)

William John Frederick Vane, 3rd Duke of Cleveland (1792–1864)

Harry George Powlett, 4th Duke of Cleveland (1803–1891)

Baron Barnard
Baron Barnard, of Barnard Castle in the Bishopric of Durham, is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1698 for Christopher Vane, who had previously served as a member of parliament for County Durham and Boroughbridge. Vane was the son of Sir Henry Vane the Younger and grandson of Sir Henry Vane the Elder. His grandson, the third Baron, notably served as Paymaster of the Forces and as Lord Lieutenant of County Durham. In 1754 he was created Viscount Barnard (of Barnard Castle) and Earl of Darlington, both in the County Palatine of Durham. Lord Darlington was the husband of Lady Grace FitzRoy, daughter of Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Cleveland, the illegitimate son of King Charles II by his mistress Barbara Villiers, 1st Duchess of Cleveland.
Centennial Broadcasting
Centennial Broadcasting is a small market radio broadcasting company based in Clemmons, North Carolina. The company is led by President and CEO Allen B. Shaw. Shaw began his career in 1959, at the age of 15, at radio station WRWB in Kissimmee, Florida.

WINC-FM
WINC-FM (105.5 MHz) is a hot adult contemporary-formatted commercial radio station licensed to Berryville, Virginia, serving the Winchester metropolitan area. WINC-FM is owned by Darrin Jones, through Euclid Avenue Properties, LLC.
Camp Grant massacre
32°50′54″N 110°42′17″W﻿ / ﻿32.848305°N 110.704654°W﻿ / 32.848305; -110.704654

The Camp Grant massacre, on April 30, 1871, was an attack on Pinal and Aravaipa Apaches who surrendered to the United States Army at Camp Grant, Arizona, along the San Pedro River. The massacre led to a series of battles and campaigns fought between the Americans, the Apache, and their Yavapai allies, which continued into 1875, the most notable being General George Crook's Tonto Basin Campaign of 1872 and 1873.

Journal of the Southwest
The Journal of the Southwest is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published quarterly by the Southwest Center, at the University of Arizona, with a focus on the American Southwest and adjacent northwestern Mexico. The journal publishes scholarly research papers and reviews from across a range of academic fields in the humanities, including anthropology, folklore, literary studies, historiography, socio-political studies and aspects of the region's natural history.

As an area studies journal, the Journal of the Southwest is intended as an interdisciplinary research resource in the study of the region's peoples and cultures.
Ivan Samoylovych
Ivan Samoylovych (Old Ukrainian: Іванъ Самуйлович / Иванъ (Іоан(н)ъ) Самойловичъ; Ukrainian: Іван Самойлович, Russian: Ива́н Самойло́вич, Polish: Iwan Samojłowicz; died 1690) was the Hetman of Left-bank Ukraine from 1672 to 1687. His term in office was marked by further incorporation of the Cossack Hetmanate into the Tsardom of Russia and by attempts to win Right-bank Ukraine from Poland–Lithuania.

Truce of Andrusovo
The Truce of Andrusovo (Polish: Rozejm w Andruszowie, Russian: Андрусовское перемирие Andrusovskoye Pieriemiriye, also sometimes known as Treaty of Andrusovo) established a thirteen-and-a-half year truce, signed on 9 February [O.S. 30 January] 1667 between the Tsardom of Russia and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, which had fought the Russo-Polish War since 1654.

Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin (for Russia) and Jerzy Chlebowicz (for the Commonwealth) signed the truce in the village of Andrusovo not far from Smolensk. Representatives of the Cossack Hetmanate were not allowed.
Osborne, New South Wales
Osborne is a village community in the central east part of the Riverina.  It is situated by road, about 15 kilometres south from Lockhart and 19 kilometres (12 mi) west from Woodend.

Gumholes Post Office opened on 1 September 1900, was renamed Osborne in 1902 and closed in 1951.

Central Riverina Football League
The Central Riverina Football League was a minor Australian rules football competition which ran from 1949 until 1981 in the Riverina region of New South Wales. The league contained a number of historic clubs, many of which no longer exist.
Quintus Antonius Merenda
Quintus Antonius Merenda was a consular tribune of the early Roman Republic in 422 BC.

Antonius belonged to the Antonia gens. Antonius was the son of Titus Antonius Merenda, one of the decemviri who were forced into exile in 449 BC after the overthrow of the second decemvirate.

Decemviri
The decemviri or decemvirs (Latin for "ten men") refer to official ten-man commissions established by the Roman Republic.

The most important were those of the two decemvirates, formally the decemvirate with consular power for writing laws (Latin: decemviri consulari imperio legibus scribundis) who reformed and codified Roman law during the Conflict of the Orders between ancient Rome's patrician aristocracy and plebeian commoners. Other decemviri include the decemviri for adjudging litigation (decemviri stlitibus judicandis), the decemviri for making sacrifices (decemviri sacris faciundis), and the decemviri for the assignment and giving of arable lands (decemviri agris dandis adsignandis).
Kitsu Peak
Kitsu Peak is the highest summit of the Spectrum Range at the southern end of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. It is bounded on the west by Nagha Creek valley, on the northwest by the Kitsu Plateau, on the northeast by Obsidian Ridge, on the east by Stewbomb Creek valley and on the southwest by Nagha Glacier and Yagi Ridge. It has an elevation of 2,430 metres (7,970 feet) and lies at the northern end of the Spectrum Range.

Kitsu Peak is at the southern end of Mount Edziza Provincial Park and was likely named in association with Kitsu Creek and the Kitsu Plateau; Kitsu means Northern Lights in the Tahltan language. The name of the peak became official on January 2, 1980, after being submitted to the BC Geographical Names office by the Geological Survey of Canada.

Obsidian Ridge
Obsidian Ridge is a volcanic mountain ridge in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, located on the south side of Artifact Creek at the southeast end of Mount Edziza Provincial Park. It was named on January 2, 1980 by the Geological Survey of Canada for its high quality obsidian. Because of its high obsidian content, it was a source for tool making by the local Tahltan people.
Setchūyō
Setchūyō (折衷様, lit. eclectic style) is an architectural style born in Japan during the Muromachi period from the fusion of elements from three different antecedent styles: wayō,  daibutsuyō, and zenshūyō. It is exemplified by the main hall at Kakurin-ji.  The combination of wayō and daibutsuyō in particular became so frequent that sometimes it is classed separately by scholars under the name Shin-wayō (新和様, new wayō).

Main Hall (Japanese Buddhism)
Main hall or Main Temple is the building within a Japanese Buddhist monastery compound (garan) which enshrines the main object of veneration. Because the various denominations deliberately use different terms, this single English term translates several Japanese words, among them butsuden, butsu-dō, kondō, konpon-chūdō, and hondō. Hondō is its exact Japanese equivalent, while the others are more specialized words used by particular sects or for edifices having a particular structure.
Service Availability Forum
The Service Availability Forum (SAF or SA Forum) is a consortium that develops, publishes, educates on and promotes open specifications for carrier-grade and mission-critical systems. Formed in 2001, it promotes development and deployment of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technology.

SCOPE Alliance
The SCOPE Alliance was a non-profit and influential Network Equipment provider (NEP) industry group aimed at standardizing "carrier-grade" systems for telecom in the Information Age. The SCOPE Alliance was founded in January 2006 by a group of NEP's, including Alcatel, Ericsson, Motorola, NEC, Nokia, and Siemens. In 2007, it added significantly to its membership.
Horton–Suiter House
The Horton–Suiter House is a historic building located in Le Claire, Iowa, United States. The residence has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1979. The property is part of the Houses of Mississippi River Men Thematic Resource, which covers the homes of men from LeClaire who worked on the Mississippi River as riverboat captains, pilots, builders and owners.

Houses of Mississippi River Men Thematic Resource
The Houses of Mississippi River Men Thematic Resource (TR) is a multiple property submission to the National Register of Historic Places which was approved on April 13, 1979.  The structures are all located in the town of  LeClaire in Scott County, Iowa, United States.
Oreste Sindici
Oreste Sindici (May 31, 1828 – January 12, 1904) was an Italian-born Colombian musician and composer. He composed the music for the Colombian national anthem in 1887.

He was born in Ceccano (Province of Frosinone) and studied in the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia at Rome.

He arrived in Bogotá in 1863 as a singer with an opera company and lived and worked as a musician in Colombia until his death. In 1887 he was asked to compose the music to a poem written by Rafael Núñez. The song was released on November 11, 1887, in commemoration of the Independence of Cartagena de Indias. In 1920 this song officially became the Colombian national anthem.

Oreste Sindici died in Bogotá on January 12, 1904, due to severe arteriosclerosis. In 1937 the Colombian government honored his memory.

Rafael Núñez
Rafael Wenceslao Núñez Moledo (September 28, 1825 – September 18, 1894) was a Colombian author, lawyer, journalist and politician, who was elected president of Colombia in 1880 and in 1884. Núñez was the leader of the so-called "Regeneration" process which produced the Colombian Constitution of 1886 which was to remain until 1991.
Råsunda (district)
Råsunda is a district in Solna Municipality, and a suburb in the Stockholm metropolitan area with around 17,500 inhabitants. The movie industry set up in the area Filmstaden, formerly an ostrich farm, in 1919–1969 (nowadays the area has homes, offices) in western Råsunda. A large football stadium (Råsunda Stadium) stood in central Råsunda 1937–2003, on the grounds of a sports field that existed from 1910. Råsunda can be reached by the Näckrosen metro station (west part), Solna centrum metro and light rail station (south edge), the commuter train and light rail Solna station (east edge) and the major road Frösundaleden (south edge). The district neighbours Storskogen and Central Sundbyberg (both in Sundbyberg Municipality) to the west, Skytteholm to the south, Hagalund to the east and Järva the north. The lake Råstasjön is located to the north.

Råsunda Stadium
Råsunda Stadium (Swedish: [ˈrôːˌsɵnːda] ⓘ; also known as Råsunda Fotbollsstadion, Råsundastadion, Råsunda Football Stadium or just Råsunda) was the Swedish national football stadium. It was located in Solna Municipality in Stockholm and named after the district in Solna where it was located. The stadium was demolished in 2013 after being replaced by Nationalarenan.
Hanasaari, Helsinki
Hanasaari (Swedish: Hanaholmen) is a neighbourhood in the district of Sörnäinen in Helsinki, Finland, between the neighbourhoods of Vilhonvuori, Kalasatama and Sompasaari near Merihaka. The name comes from an island that was lost under reclaimed land. Hanasaari has primarily been a power plant area, although the plant has already been shut down. The first power plant was built next to Hanasaari in Suvilahti.

Sörnäinen
Sörnäinen (Swedish: Sörnäs; Sörkkä or Sörkka in Helsinki slang) is a neighbourhood in the city of Helsinki, Finland.

Sörnäinen is located a little more than one kilometre north from the coastal centre of Helsinki, near the district of Hakaniemi. The east side of Sörnäinen borders the sea.

Sörnäinen used to be primarily an industrial district with many shipping companies and warehouses, however, nowadays it is a thriving urban area divided into four districts: Vilhonvuori, Kalasatama, Sompasaari and Hanasaari. It also has two metro stations: Sörnäinen metro station and Kalasatama metro station in the Kalasatama quarter.

The headquarters of Senate Properties (Senaatti-kiinteistöt) is located in Sörnäinen. Also the Helsinki Prison is located there.
1991 Galway Senior Hurling Championship
The 1991 Galway Senior Hurling Championship was the 94th completed staging of the Galway Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Galway County Board in 1887.

Kiltormer entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 27 October 1991 at St Brendan's Park in Loughrea, between Kiltormer and Athenry, in what was their second meeting in the final. Kiltormer won the match by 3–09 to 0–15 to claim their fifth championship title overall and a second consecutive title.

1990 Galway Senior Hurling Championship
The 1990 Galway Senior Hurling Championship was the 93rd completed staging of the Galway Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Galway County Board in 1887.

Sarsfields entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 4 November 1990 at Kenny Park in Athenry, between Kiltormer and Turloughmore, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Kiltormer won the match by 0–18 to 2–07 to claim their fourth championship title overall and a first title in eight years.