hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 4647
NGC 4647 is an intermediate spiral galaxy estimated to be around 63 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784. NGC 4647 is listed along with Messier 60 as being part of a pair of galaxies called Arp 116; their designation in Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. The galaxy is located on the outskirts of the Virgo Cluster.

Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies
The Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies is a catalog of peculiar galaxies produced by Halton Arp in 1966. A total of 338 galaxies are presented in the atlas, which was originally published in 1966 by the California Institute of Technology. The primary goal of the catalog was to present photographs of examples of the different kinds of peculiar structures found among galaxies.
Nucetto
Nucetto is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Turin and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 451 and an area of 7.6 square kilometres (2.9 sq mi).

The municipality of Nucetto contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Villa, Nicolini, Caramelli, Livrato, Cadirei, Roatta, and Stra' veia.

Nucetto borders the following municipalities: Bagnasco, Battifollo, Ceva, and Perlo.

Cuneo
Cuneo (Italian: [ˈkuːneo] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Coni [ˈkʊni]; Occitan: Coni [ˈkuni]; French: Coni [kɔni]) is a city and comune in Piedmont, Italy, the capital of the province of Cuneo, the fourth largest of Italy's provinces by area.

It is located at an elevation of 550 metres (1,800 ft) in the south-west of Piedmont, at the confluence of the rivers Stura and Gesso.

Cuneo is bounded by the municipalities of Beinette, Borgo San Dalmazzo, Boves, Busca, Caraglio, Castelletto Stura, Centallo, Cervasca, Morozzo, Peveragno, Tarantasca and Vignolo.

It is located near six mountain passes:

Colle della Maddalena at 1,996 metres (6,549 ft)

Colle di Tenda at 1,871 metres (6,138 ft) – Tunnel of Tenda at 1,300 metres (4,300 ft), 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) long

Colle del Melogno at 1,027 metres (3,369 ft)

Colle San Bernardo at 957 metres (3,140 ft)

Colle di Nava at 934 metres (3,064 ft)

Colle di Cadibona at 459 metres (1,506 ft).
Binghamton Television
Binghamton Television is a television station that operates on the Binghamton University campus. Binghamton Television (BTV), is a student-run television station that has been broadcasting on the Binghamton University's cable network for over 30 years.

Binghamton University
The State University of New York at Binghamton (also known as Binghamton University or SUNY Binghamton) is a public research university in Greater Binghamton, New York, United States. It is one of the four university centers in the State University of New York (SUNY) system.

Since its establishment in 1946, the school has evolved from a small liberal arts college to a large research university. It is classified among R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity. Binghamton's athletic teams are the Bearcats and they compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Bearcats are members of the America East Conference.
Gaurav More
Gaurav More is an Indian actor known for his work in the Marathi language television show Maharashtrachi Hasyajatra. He appeared as supporting actor in several notable Marathi and Hindi films such as Balkadu (2015), Sanju (2018), and Vicky Velingkar (2019)

Zee Marathi
Zee Marathi is an Indian  Marathi-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises. The channel was launched on 15 August 1999 and was known as Alpha TV Marathi until 28 March 2005, when it was renamed as Zee Marathi. It is the first Marathi GEC channel. A HD version of this channel, Zee Marathi HD, was launched on 20 November 2016.
1997 Maui Invitational
The 1997 Maui Invitational Tournament was an early-season college basketball tournament that was played, for the 14th time, from November 24 to November 26, 1997. The tournament, which began in 1984, was part of the 1997-98 NCAA Division I men's basketball season.  The tournament was played at the Lahaina Civic Center in Maui, Hawaii and was won by the Duke Blue Devils. It was the second title for both the program and for its head coach Mike Krzyzewski.

Lahaina Civic Center
The Lahaina Civic Center is a sports, convention and entertainment complex located at Ka'a'ahi Street and Honoapi'ilani Highway in Lahaina, Hawaii, on the island of Maui.  It is the site of the annual Maui Invitational Basketball Tournament, held every November during Thanksgiving week and hosted by Chaminade University located in Hawaii.  Other events include the World Youth Basketball Tournament in July, concerts, trade shows, community festivals and fairs.
Tomassee (Cherokee town)
Tomassee (Cherokee: ᏔᎹᏏ, romanized Tamasi; also spelled Tamassee) was a Lower Cherokee settlement located along Tamassee Creek in the Cheohee Valley of present-day Oconee County, South Carolina. The town belonged to the Keowee group of Cherokee Lower Towns, a cluster of settlements situated in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains along the Keowee, Tugaloo, and Chattooga rivers. Tomassee appears on colonial-era maps and trade records from at least 1721. The site is recorded by the South Carolina Department of Archives and History as site No. 37001.

Treaty of Dewitt's Corner
The Treaty of Dewitts Corner ended the initial Overhill Cherokee targeted attacks on colonial settlements that took place at the beginning of the American Revolution.  A peace document signed by the Cherokee and South Carolina, the treaty instead laid the foundation for the decades long Cherokee–American wars fought between the European-Americans and the Chickamauga Cherokee people.
2023–24 CCHL season
The 2023–24 CCHL season was the 63rd season of the Central Canada Hockey League (CCHL). The Navan Grads won the league championship Bogart Cup for the first time in the franchise's 28-year history and went on to compete at the 2024 Centennial Cup national championship tournament in Oakville, Ontario.

2024 Centennial Cup
The 2024 Centennial Cup was the Canadian Junior Hockey League (CJHL) championship for the 2023–24 season won by the Collingwood Blues of the Ontario Junior Hockey League. It was the 52nd Canadian junior A ice hockey national championship and took place at the Sixteen Mile Sports Complex in Oakville, Ontario from May 9 to 19, 2024. The competition included all nine CJHL champions and hosts the Oakville Blades.
Ham salad
Ham salad is a traditional Anglo-American salad. Ham salad resembles chicken salad, egg salad, and tuna salad (as well as starch-based salads, like potato salad, macaroni salad, and pea salad): the primary ingredient, ham, is mixed with smaller amounts of chopped vegetables or relishes, and the whole is bound with liberal amounts of a mayonnaise, salad cream, or other similar style of salad dressing, such as Miracle Whip.

Miracle Whip
Miracle Whip is a condiment manufactured by Kraft Heinz and sold throughout the United States and Canada. It is also sold by Mondelēz International (formerly also Kraft Foods) as "Miracel Whip" throughout Germany. It was developed as a less expensive alternative to mayonnaise in 1933.
Semi-local ring
In mathematics, a semi-local ring is a ring for which R/J(R) is a semisimple ring, where J(R) is the Jacobson radical of R. (Lam 2001, p. §20)(Mikhalev & Pilz 2002, p. C.7)

The above definition is satisfied if R has a finite number of maximal right ideals (and finite number of maximal left ideals).  When R is a commutative ring, the converse implication is also true, and so the definition of semi-local for commutative rings is often taken to be "having finitely many maximal ideals".

Some literature refers to a commutative semi-local ring in general as a
quasi-semi-local ring, using semi-local ring to refer to a Noetherian ring with finitely many maximal ideals.

A semi-local ring is thus more general than a local ring, which has only one maximal (right/left/two-sided) ideal.

Commutative ring
In mathematics, a commutative ring is a ring in which the multiplication operation is commutative. The study of commutative rings is called commutative algebra. Complementarily, noncommutative algebra is the study of ring properties that are not specific to commutative rings. This distinction results from the high number of fundamental properties of commutative rings that do not extend to noncommutative rings.

Commutative rings appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ Euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
WTA Slovenia Open
The Slovenia Open was a women's tennis tournament held in Portorož, Slovenia, originally from 2005 until 2010, and returned to the tour in 2021 and 2022. The WTA Tour event was a WTA International category, and then transitioned to its most recent variant, the WTA 250 category. It was played on outdoor hardcourts.

Katarina Srebotnik finished runner-up in the singles finals of 2005 and 2007, and in the doubles final in 2005.

WTA International tournaments
The WTA International tournaments was a category for tennis tournaments of the Women's Tennis Association from the 2009 WTA Tour until 2020, which replaced the previous Tier III and Tier IV categories. As of 2021, these events have been reclassified as WTA 250 tournaments. The winner of a WTA 250 tournament adds 250 points to her WTA ranking.

For the 2025 season, there were 21 WTA 250, all knock-out tournaments with a prize money for every event at $275,094.
Prehistoric Central Africa
The prehistory of Central Africa spans from the earliest human presence in the region until the emergence of the Iron Age in Central Africa. By at least 2,000,000 BP, Central Africa (e.g., Ishango, Democratic Republic of Congo) was occupied by early hominins. West African hunter-gatherers occupied western Central Africa (e.g., Shum Laka) earlier than 32,000 BP, dwelled throughout coastal West Africa by 12,000 BP, and migrated northward between 12,000 BP and 8000 BP as far as Mali, Burkina Faso, and Mauritania. Prehistoric West Africans may have diverged into distinct ancestral groups of modern West Africans and Bantu-speaking peoples in Cameroon, and, subsequently, around 5000 BP, the Bantu-speaking peoples migrated into other parts of Sub-Saharan Africa (e.g., Central African Republic, African Great Lakes, South Africa).

Nobatia
Nobatia /noʊˈbeɪʃə/ or Nobadia (/noʊˈbeɪdiə/; Greek: Νοβαδία, Nobadia; Old Nubian: ⲙⲓⲅⲛ̅ Migin or ⲙⲓⲅⲓⲧⲛ︦ ⲅⲟⲩⲗ, Migitin Goul lit. "of Nobadia's land") was a late antique kingdom in Lower Nubia, modern day southern Egypt. Together with the two other Coptic-Nubian kingdoms, Makuria and Alodia, it succeeded the kingdom of Kush. After its establishment in around 400, Nobadia gradually expanded by defeating the Blemmyes in the north and incorporating the territory between the second and third Nile cataract in the south. In 543, it converted to Coptic Christianity. It would then be annexed by Makuria, under unknown circumstances, during the 7th century.
Common Core implementation by state
Forty-six states initially adopted the Common Core State Standards, although implementation has not been uniform. At least 12 states have introduced legislation to repeal the standards outright, and 5 have since withdrawn from the standards.

Among the territories of the United States, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the American Samoa Islands have adopted the standards while Puerto Rico has not adopted the standards.

Common Core
The Common Core State Standards Initiative, also known as simply Common Core, is an American, multi-state educational initiative which began in 2010 with the goal of increasing consistency across state standards, or what K–12 students throughout the United States should know in English language arts and mathematics at the conclusion of each school grade. The initiative was sponsored by the National Governors Association and the Council of Chief State School Officers.

The initiative also sought to provide states and schools with articulated expectations around the skills students graduating from high school needed in order to be prepared to enter credit-bearing courses at two- or four-year college programs or to enter the workforce.
Building and Construction Improvement Program
The Building and Construction Improvement Program (BACIP) is a program of the Aga Khan Planning and Building Service, Pakistan (AKPBS,P) that is engaged in developing and promoting solutions to housing and built environment-related issues of rural communities living in Gilgit-Baltistan and the province of Sindh.

Since 1997, BACIP has benefited over 150,000 people from the installation of over 36,000 smokeless stoves, water-warming facilities, and other energy-efficient products. The program has trained over 6,400 construction craftsmen and entrepreneurs.

Aga Khan Development Network
The Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) is a network of private, non-denominational development agencies founded by the Aga Khan, with the primary focus of improving the quality of life in different regions of Asia and Africa.

The network focuses on health, education, culture, rural development, institution building, and economic development. AKDN's mission includes improving living conditions and opportunities for the poor without regard to faith, origin, or gender. While the agencies are secular, they follow Islamic values.
Whim Creek copper mine
The Whim Creek Copper Mine is a copper oxide mine, located  in the City of Karratha in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.

In 2019, the mine was found to have caused pollution of the Balla Balla River with heavy metals.

City of Karratha
The City of Karratha is one of the four local government areas in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. It covers an area of 15,882 square kilometres (6,132 sq mi) and had a population of about 21,500 as at the 2016 Census, most of which is located in its seat of government, the city of Karratha, and the major towns. It was formerly known as the Shire of Roebourne but was renamed and granted city status on 1 July 2014.
2003 Ontario Nokia Cup
The 2003 Ontario Nokia Cup, Southern Ontario's men's provincial curling championship, was held January 25-February 2 at the Hershey Centre in Mississauga.

Ottawa's Bryan Cochrane won his lone provincial championship of his career. His rink of Bill Gamble, Ian MacAulay, and John Steski would represent Ontario at the 2003 Nokia Brier.

The event was boycotted by the Wayne Middaugh and Glenn Howard rinks, who were still in a dispute with the Canadian Curling Association over receiving a share of Brier revenues.

2003 Nokia Brier
The 2003 Nokia Brier, the Canadian men's curling championship, was held from March 1 to 9 at the Halifax Metro Centre in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The defending champion, Randy Ferbey and his team from Alberta were the winners, winning their third Brier in a row. At the Worlds they went on to represent Canada and win the gold medal.

The event was the second and final Brier to be boycotted by many of the top teams in the country, such as Kevin Martin, Glenn Howard, Wayne Middaugh and Jeff Stoughton, who were protesting a lack of prize money. The boycott ended in September.
VQ-2
Fleet Air Reconnaissance Squadron VQ-2, also known as "Batmen" and later "Sandeman," was an air reconnaissance squadron of the United States Navy, established on 1 September 1955 and based at NAS Whidbey Island, previously at NAVSTA Rota, Spain, flying both Douglas EA-3B Skywarrior and Lockheed EP-3E Aries aircraft until 1991 and then strictly EP-3E aircraft until 2012. The squadron was disestablished on 22 May 2012.

Lucius D. Clay Kaserne
The Lucius D. Clay Kaserne (German: Flugplatz Wiesbaden-Erbenheim) (IATA: WIE, ICAO: ETOU), commonly known as Clay Kaserne, formerly known as Wiesbaden Air Base and later as Wiesbaden Army Airfield, is an installation of the United States Army in Hesse, Germany. The kaserne is located within the boroughs Wiesbaden-Erbenheim and Wiesbaden-Delkenheim. Named for General Lucius D. Clay, it is the home of the Army's 2d Theater Signal Brigade, 66th Military Intelligence Brigade and is the headquarters of the U.S. Army Europe and Africa (USAREUR-AF).

USAREUR-AF oversees V Corps, Security Assistance Group-Ukraine, the 7th Army Training Command, 10th Army Air & Missile Defense Command and 21st Theater Sustainment Command. Clay Kaserne also maintains an airfield, facilitated by 1-214th Aviation.
Japanese Cemetery Park
The Japanese Cemetery Park (Japanese: 日本人墓地公園; rōmaji: Nihonjin bochi kōen) is a cemetery and memorial park in Hougang, Singapore. Covering an area of 29,359 square metres, it is the largest Japanese cemetery in Southeast Asia and contains 910 tombstones. The cemetery servers as the final resting place for members of the Japanese community in Singapore, including civilians, soldiers, and individuals who were executed as war criminals at Changi Prison, as well as others who were involved in the wartime sex trade. The site was gazetted as a memorial park by the Singapore government in 1987.

Hougang
Hougang (locally /ˌ(h)aʊˈkɑːŋ, -ʌŋ/ (h)ow-KUNG), archaically spelt Aukang, is a planning area and mature residential town located in the North-East Region of Singapore. It is the largest housing estate in Singapore based on land area, and is home to 247,528 residents as of 2018. Hougang planning area is bordered by Sengkang to the north, Geylang to the south, Bedok to the southeast, Toa Payoh to the southwest, Serangoon to the west and Paya Lebar to the east.
Albert Szabo
Albert Szabo (1925-2003) was an American architect, educator and artist. He was born in Brooklyn, New York on November 7, 1925, to Benjamin Szabo of Felso Viso, Hungary (1885–1964) and Jeanette Szabo (née Margolies) of New York, New York (1895–1980). Szabo was a tenured professor of architecture at the Harvard Graduate School of Design (GSD) and at the Department of Visual and Environmental Studies (VES), Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts. He co-founded the latter, together with Eduard Sekler in 1968. He was author, with his wife, architect Brenda Dyer Szabo (1926–2017), of “Preliminary Notes on the Indigenous Architecture of Afghanistan” (Harvard Graduate School of Design, 1978) and, with anthropologist, Thomas Barfield, of, “Afghanistan: An Atlas of Indigenous Domestic Architecture” (University of Texas Press, 1991). He died in Cambridge, MA on December 17, 2003.

Institute of Design at the Illinois Institute of Technology
The Institute of Design (ID) is a graduate school of the Illinois Institute of Technology, a private university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The Institute of Design was founded in 1937 as "The New Bauhaus" by László Moholy-Nagy, a Bauhaus teacher (taught: 1923–1928). This school is a direct American descendant of the German Bauhaus. The school focuses on systemic and human-centered design with the following graduate-level degree programs:

Master of Design (MDes)

Master of Design + MBA (MDes + MBA)

Master of Design & Master of Public Administration (MDes + MPA)

Master of Science in Strategic Design Leadership (MS-SDL), formerly Master of Design Methods (MDM)

PhD in Design
Junior Tennis Champions Center
The Junior Tennis Champions Center (JTCC) is a tennis training center and preparatory school in College Park, Maryland. Founded in 1999, JTCC trains junior, collegiate and professional tennis players.

The center hosts United States Tennis Association (USTA) and International Tennis Federation (ITF) Junior World Tour events, and serves as the training center for the University of Maryland's women's tennis team.

The center has 17 outdoor courts and 15 indoor courts, including hardcourts, Har-Tru courts, and red clay courts.

WTA rankings
The WTA rankings are the ratings defined by the Women's Tennis Association, introduced in November 1975. The computer that calculates the ranking is nicknamed "Medusa".

Aryna Sabalenka is the current world No. 1 in women's singles.
CS Chimia Brazi
Club Sportiv Chimia Brazi, commonly known as Chimia Brazi, was a Romanian football club based in Brazi, Prahova County. Established in 1968, the club was dissolved in the summer of 2012 after the merge with Prahova Tomșani to form Fortuna Brazi.

Chimia played on two occasion in the Romanian Second Division and managed to reach the Round of 16 of Cupa României in the 1978–79 season, as well the Round of 32 in the 1982–83, 2009–10 and 2010–11 seasons.

Liga IV Prahova
Liga IV Prahova, officially known as Liga A Prahova, is the county football division of Liga IV for clubs based in Prahova County, Romania. The competition is ranked as the fourth tier of the Romanian football league system and is organized by AJF Prahova – Asociația Județeană de Fotbal (lit. 'County Football Association').

It is contested by a variable number of teams, depending on the number of teams relegated from Liga III, the number of teams promoted from Liga V Prahova, and the teams that withdraw or enter the competition. The winner may or may not be promoted to Liga III, depending on the result of a promotion play-off contested against the winner of a neighboring county series.
Eissee
The Upper and Lower Eissee are two lakes in the Dachstein Mountains in the Austrian state of Upper Austria. They lie north of a 2,794 metres (9,167 ft) high mountain, the Gjaidstein, at an elevation of around 2,000 metres (6,600 ft).

Dachstein Mountains
The Dachstein Mountains (German: Dachsteingebirge) are a mountain range in the Northern Limestone Alps.

The term is used by the Austrian Alpine Club in its classification of the Eastern Alps as one of the 24 sub-ranges of the Northern Limestone Alps (AVE No. 14).

The Dachstein range includes:

The Dachstein Massif proper with its highest peak, the Hoher Dachstein (2,995 m (AA))

Grimming (2,351 m above sea level (AA)) in the east to the upper Styrian Enns valley

Sarstein (1,975 m above sea level (AA)) in the north at the other bank of the River Traun
Workingman's Institute and Memorial Hall
The Workingman's Institute and Memorial Hall (The Institute and Memo) is an historical miners' institute, working men's club and multi-purpose community centre in Newbridge in South Wales which includes a memorial to those from the town who died in the World War I and World War II. It also houses a library, reading rooms, an art deco cinema, a Sprung floor dance floor and a theatre. The Hall was built in 1908 and in 1924 the Memorial Hall was added. The whole project was paid for from small contributions from the local miners.

Working men's club
Working men's clubs are British private social clubs first created in the 19th century in industrial areas, particularly the North of England,  Midlands, Scotland, Northern Ireland and South Wales Valleys, to provide recreation and education for working-class men and their families.
Mellrichstadt
Mellrichstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈmɛlʁɪçˌʃtat] ⓘ) is a town in the district Rhön-Grabfeld, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated 17 km southwest of Meiningen, and 13 km northeast of Bad Neustadt. It includes the following villages: Bahra, Eußenhausen, Frickenhausen, Mühlfeld, Sondheim im Grabfeld und Roßrieth.

Rhön-Grabfeld
Rhön-Grabfeld is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the southeast and clockwise) the districts of Hassberge, Schweinfurt and Bad Kissingen, and the states of Hesse (district Fulda) and Thuringia (districts Schmalkalden-Meiningen and Hildburghausen).