hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nääs Castle
Nääs Castle is a 17th-century mansion near Gothenburg, Sweden. It is situated by Sävelången Lake in Västergötland.

In the latter half of the 19th century, Nääs became known for its craft college, and for more than 50 years it was regarded as 'Sweden's window to the world'.

Nääs Castle is located on the Nääs Estate by Sävelången Lake in Västergötland, Sweden, east of Floda, Lerum Municipality, Skallsjö parish. Nääs Estate is widely renowned for its craft education during the late 19th century and the early 20th century.

The official spelling for geographical map productions is Näs (KML 1 kap. 4 §).

Lerum Municipality
Lerum Municipality (Swedish: Lerums kommun) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in western Sweden, situated just east of Gothenburg. Its seat is located in the town of Lerum.

In 1969 the municipality got its present size when "old" Lerum was amalgamated with Skallsjö and Stora Lundby.

In 2007, Lerum Municipality launched a new logotype to be used instead of its official municipal coat of arms which features the head of an ox and three oak leaves. Municipal officials and PR staff felt the coat "outdated". Although no longer used, the coat of arms still has official status. The new logotype features a multi-coloured weaving pattern.
Kuldeep Rai Sharma
Kuldeep Rai Sharma (born 10 September 1967) is an Indian politician belonging to INC, who served as a member of Parliament from 2019 to 2024. He also served as President of Andaman and Nicobar Territorial Congress Committee until 2021. Later on, he was promoted by Congress President Sonia Gandhi as All India Congress Committee (AICC) secretary incharge for Indian National Congress in Karnataka.

Kuldeep Rai Sharma won the Lok Sabha election 2019 as an Indian National Congress candidate and became Member of Parliament of Andaman & Nicobar Islands constituency, defeating the BJP candidate by a nominal margin of 1,407 votes in his fourth attempt to reach the Parliament. However, in 2024 he again lost to BJP candidate Bishnu Pada Ray by a margin of 23,996 votes.

Bishnu Pada Ray
Bishnu Pada Ray (born 19 June 1950) is an Indian politician and a leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He is elected to the  elected to 18th Lok Sabha from  Andaman and Nicobar Islands constituency since 2024. Previously, he was elected to 13th Lok Sabha from Andaman and Nicobar Islands constituency from 1999 to 2004 and again from 2009 to 2019.
Islam in Malaysia
Islam in Malaysia is represented by the Shafi‘i school of Sunni jurisprudence. Islam was introduced to Malaysia by traders arriving from Persia, Arabia, China and the Indian subcontinent. It became firmly established in the 15th century. In the Constitution of Malaysia, Islam is granted the status of "religion of the Federation" to symbolize its importance to Malaysian society, while defining Malaysia constitutionally as a secular state. Therefore, other religions can be practiced legally, though freedom of religion is still limited in Malaysia.

Malaysia is a country whose most professed religion is Islam. As of 2024, there were approximately 22.4 million Muslim adherents, or 65% of the population.

Various Islamic holidays such as Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and Mawlid have been declared national holidays alongside Christmas, Chinese New Year, and Deepavali.

Nik Elin v Kelantan
Nik Elin Zurina bt Nik Abdul Rashid & Anor v. Kerajaan Negeri Kelantan, [2024] 2 MLJ 140 is a landmark decision of the Federal Court of Malaysia in which the court in a 8-1 judgement held that the Kelantan State Legislative Assembly did not have the power to enact 16 Sharia laws pertaining to criminal matters, which were deemed null, void and unconstitutional. The Federal Court followed its decision in Iki Putra Mubarrak v. Kerajaan Negeri Selangor & Anor, [2021] 2 MLJ 323, another case which laid out the emphasis of federalism and the division between state and federal powers, that the State Legislative Assembly can only make laws on matters enumerated in the State List (List II) of the Federal Constitution of Malaysia (following the doctrine of ultra vires).
Heinrich Alexander Stoll
Heinrich Alexander Stoll was the pen name used by the German writer Heinrich Joachim Friedrich Karl Hans Stoll (8 December 1910 - 4 March 1977). During the 1950s and 1960s he emerged in East Germany as a prolific author of adventure novels, historical novels and reworkings of ancient legends, along with short stories and science fiction works. There are nevertheless suggestions that the reality of his own experiences as a young man, during twelve years under Hitler followed by six years under Soviet military administration and the early years of the  Ulbricht  dictatorship, were a match for almost any novel.

Cultural Association of the GDR
The Cultural Association of the GDR (German: Kulturbund der DDR, KB) was a federation of local clubs in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). It formed part of the Socialist Unity Party-led National Front, and sent representatives to the Volkskammer. The association had numerous writers as its member, including Willi Bredel, Fritz Erpenbeck, Bernhard Kellermann, Victor Klemperer, Anna Seghers, Bodo Uhse, Arnold Zweig. Its first chairman was Johannes Robert Becher.

Wilfried Maaß was the Secretary of Kulturbund 1984–1990. As of 1987, membership stood at 273,000.
Back examination
A back examination is a portion of a physical examination used to identify potential pathology involving the back.

A spinal assessment is a way to examine the back for potential pathology. Medical inclinometers can be used to assess range of motion. This kind of assessment can help diagnosis scoliosis, kyphosis and degenerative disc disease.

In addition to the general examinations performed on any joint (inspection, palpation, range of motion, and distal pulse, strength, sensation, and reflexes), there are several specialized maneuvers specific to the back examination. These components include:

Gait

Straight leg raise

Waddell's signs

Schober's test

Evidence from the back examination indicating possible spinal damage may prompt a rectal examination to identify intact tone.

Waddell's signs
Waddell's signs are a group of physical signs, first described in a 1980 article in Spine, and named for the article's principal author, Professor Gordon Waddell (1943–2017), a Scottish Orthopedic Surgeon. Waddell's signs may indicate non-organic or psychological component to chronic low back pain. Historically they have also been used to detect malingering in patients with back pain. While testing takes less than one minute, it has been described as time-consuming and alternatives have been proposed.
2022 Japanese Super Cup
The 2022 Japanese Super Cup (known as FUJIFILM Super Cup 2022 for sponsorship reasons) was the 29th Japanese Super Cup since its reestablishment, and the 37th overall. It was held on 12 February 2022 between the 2021 J1 League champions Kawasaki Frontale, whom also the Super Cup holders, and the 2021 Emperor's Cup winners Urawa Red Diamonds at the Nissan Stadium, Yokohama, Kanagawa.

This was Frontale's fourth Super Cup appearance overall, all in the previous five years; they only failed to qualify in 2020 and won twice in 2019 and 2021. At the other hand, this was Urawa's tenth Super Cup appearance and their first since 2019; they previously had won four times (in 1979, 1980, 1983, and 2006).

Ataru Esaka scored in each half to won Urawa their fifth Super Cup ever, second as Urawa Red Diamonds, and the first in 16 years. Frontale lost the Super Cup match for the first time since their maiden appearance in 2018.

Japanese Super Cup
The Japanese Super Cup (Japanese: スーパーカップ, Hepburn: Sūpā Kappu), a.k.a. the Fujifilm Super Cup (Japanese: 富士フイルム スーパーカップ, Hepburn: Fuji Fuirumu Sūpā Kappu) for sponsorship reasons, is an annual one-match association football competition in Japan organised by J.League and the Japan Football Association. This competition serves as the season opener and is played between the reigning J1 League champions and the Emperor's Cup winners. Fuji Xerox has sponsored the competition since its inception in 1994 (rebranded as Fujifilm Business Innovation from April 2021). The match is usually played annually every February.
English Pouter
The English Pouter is a breed of fancy pigeon developed over many years of selective breeding. English Pouters, along with other varieties of domesticated pigeons, are all descendants from the rock pigeon. A breed with an enlarged crop, their distinctiveness was described by Charles Darwin in The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication (1868).

Pigeon keeping
Pigeon keeping or pigeon fancying is the art and science of breeding domestic pigeons.  People have practiced pigeon keeping for at least 5,000 years and in almost every part of the world. In that time, humans have substantially altered the morphology and the behaviour of the domesticated descendants of the rock dove to suit their needs for food, aesthetic satisfaction and entertainment.

People who breed pigeons are commonly referred to as pigeon fanciers. The hobby is gaining in popularity in the United States, after having waned within the last 50 years. Both the hobby and commercial aspects of keeping pigeons are thriving in other parts of the world.
June 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
June 19 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - June 21

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on July 3 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For June 20th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on June 7.

Saint Alban
Saint Alban (/ˈɔːlbən, ˈæl-/; Latin: Albanus) is venerated as the first-recorded British Christian martyr, for which reason he is considered to be the protomartyr of Britain. Along with fellow Saints Julius and Aaron, Alban is one of three named martyrs recorded at an early date from Roman Britain (Amphibalus was the name given much later to the priest he was said to have been protecting). He is traditionally believed to have been beheaded in Verulamium (modern-day St Albans) sometime during the 3rd or 4th century, and has been celebrated there since ancient times.
2009–10 Saudi Crown Prince Cup
The 2009–10 Crown Prince Cup was the 35th season of the Saudi Crown Prince Cup since its establishment in 1957. This season's competition featured a total of 16 teams, 12 teams from the Pro League, and 4 teams from the qualifying rounds.

Al-Hilal were the two-time defending champions, having retained the trophy in 2009, and won their third consecutive title, defeating Al-Ahli in the final on 19 February 2010. Al-Hilal won their record-extending 9th title and their third title in a row.

2008–09 Saudi Crown Prince Cup
The 2008–09 Saudi Crown Prince Cup was the 34th season of the Saudi Crown Prince Cup since its establishment in 1957. This season's competition featured a total of 16 teams, 12 teams from the Pro League, and 4 teams from the qualifying rounds.

Pro League side Al-Hilal were the defending champions and successfully defended their title after a 1–0 win against Al-Shabab in the final. Al-Hilal won their eighth title to become the most successful team in the competition.
Shirley (2020 film)
Shirley is a 2020 American biographical drama film directed by Josephine Decker from a screenplay by Sarah Gubbins, based on the 2014 novel by Susan Scarf Merrell, which formed a "largely fictional story" around novelist Shirley Jackson during the time period she was writing her 1951 novel Hangsaman. The film stars Elisabeth Moss as Jackson, with Michael Stuhlbarg, Odessa Young, and Logan Lerman in supporting roles. Martin Scorsese serves as an executive producer.

Shirley had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 25, 2020, where Decker won the Special Jury Award for Auteur Filmmaking. The film was released in the United States on June 5, 2020, to positive reviews, with praise for Moss's performance.

Stanley Edgar Hyman
Stanley Edgar Hyman (June 11, 1919 – July 29, 1970) was an American literary critic who wrote primarily about critical methods: the distinct strategies critics use in approaching literary texts. He was the husband of writer Shirley Jackson.
Sondernheim station
Sondernheim station is a station in the Germersheim suburb of Sondernheim, in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Deutsche Bahn classifies it as a category 6 station and it has two platform tracks. The station is located in the network of the Karlsruher Verkehrsverbund (Karlsruhe Transport Association, KVV) and belongs to fare zone 575. Since 2001, the station has also been part of the area where the fares of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (Rhine-Neckar Transport Association, VRN) are accepted at a transitional rate. The address of the station is Germersheimer Straße 14. Its former entrance building is under heritage protection.

It is located on the Schifferstadt–Wörth railway and was opened on 25 July 1876 with the commissioning of the Germersheim–Wörth section of that railway. It is now classified as a Haltepunkt (halt). Since late 2010 it has been part of the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn.

Schifferstadt–Wörth railway
The Schifferstadt–Wörth railway or Speyer line is a uniformly double track and electrified main line in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Between Schifferstadt and Germersheim it is part of the network of the Rhine-Neckar S-Bahn. Between Germersheim and Wörth am Rhein it is part of the network of the Stadtbahn Karlsruhe.

The first section between Schifferstadt and Speyer was opened on 11 June 1847 and it was extended to Germersheim in 1864. The opening of the last section to Wörth am Rhein was opened in 1876. From 1906 to 1914, it was served by long-distance services, which ended after the First World War and the subsequent reincorporation of Alsace-Lorraine into France. Electrification was begun in 2006 and completed in 2010.
Upper Palatine Hills
The Upper Palatine Hills (German: Oberpfälzisches Hügelland, also Oberpfälzisches Hügel- und Bergland or Oberpfälzer Bruchschollenland) is a Hercynian range of rolling hills (Hügelland) and valleys running from the Upper Palatine-Bavarian Forest in the (north-)east and the Franconian Jura in the (south-)west. It lies mostly within the Bavarian province of Upper Palatinate, hence the name. The range, which is oriented northwest to southeast, is about 100 kilometres long, but only between 7 and 35 kilometres wide and covers and area of 2,000 km2. The best known settlements are (from northwest to southeast) Weiden (Ostrand), Amberg and Schwandorf.

Upper Palatinate
The Upper Palatinate (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Oberpfalz, pronounced [ˈoːbɐˌpfalts] ⓘ, Bavarian: Obapfoiz, Owerpfolz) is an administrative district in the east of Bavaria, Germany. It consists of seven districts and 226 municipalities, including three cities.
Evesham Township, New Jersey
Evesham Township is a township in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is a suburb of Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-most populous city. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 46,826, an increase of 1,288 (+2.8%) from the 2010 census count of 45,538, which in turn reflected an increase of 3,263 (+7.7%) from the 42,275 counted in the 2000 census. Colloquially, the area is referred to as Marlton, the name of a community within the township.

The township is part of the South Jersey region of the state and, along with all of Burlington County, is a part of the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden combined statistical area and the Delaware Valley.

Board of County Commissioners (New Jersey)
In New Jersey, a Board of County Commissioners (until 2020 named the Board of Chosen Freeholders) is the elected county-wide government board in each of the state's 21 counties. In the five counties that have an elected county executive, the board of county commissioners serves as the county legislature. In the remaining counties, the board of county commissioners exercises both executive and legislative functions, often with an appointed county administrator or manager overseeing the day-to-day operations of county government.

As of 2025, 18 of the 21 county commissions are held exclusively by one party; Atlantic, Gloucester, and Cumberland counties are the only ones with both parties represented. Since 2000, 12 counties have only elected members from a single party; Camden, Essex, Hudson, Mercer, Middlesex, and Union counties have chosen only Democrats, and Cape May, Hunterdon, Morris, Ocean, Sussex, and Warren counties have chosen only Republicans.
Daniel Anthony (actor)
Daniel Anthony is an English actor. He is known for his regular roles as Clyde Langer in the Doctor Who spin-off series The Sarah Jane Adventures (2007–2011) as Jamie Collier in the medical drama Casualty (2013–2014) and as the voice of Horace the frog in Guess with Jess (2009–2010).

British Soap Award for Best Newcomer
The British Soap Award for Best Newcomer is an award presented annually by the British Soap Awards. The award is voted for by a panel. EastEnders is the most awarded soap in the category, with nine wins. Emmerdale is the only current soap not to have won a Best Newcomer award; defunct soaps that did not win are Family Affairs and Night and Day. The award is currently held by Hollyoaks actress Isabelle Smith, for her role as Frankie Osborne.
Warwick Crescent
Warwick Crescent is a street in Little Venice, London. It connects Harrow Road with Westbourne Terrace Road, running along the southern edge of the Grand Union Canal.

The street began to be built up around 1852 when William Buddle purchased 12 plots of land for development. The poet Robert Browning lived at No. 19 between 1861 and 1887, where he wrote The Ring and the Book. Beauchamp Lodge at No. 2 Warwick Crescent was used as a hostel for musicians for many years. Katherine Mansfield stayed at the Lodge in 1908.

At the turn of the 20th century, the area around the street went into gradual decline and suffered overcrowding. By the 1950s it had become one of the worst slums in London. In 1966, the street was cleared of properties by the Greater London Council and rebuilt.

Harrow Road
Harrow Road is an ancient route in north west London which runs from Paddington in a northwesterly direction towards Harrow. It is also the name given to the immediate surrounding area of Queens Park and Kensal Green, straddling the NW10, W10, W2 and W9 postcodes. With minor deviations in the 19th and 20th centuries, the route remains otherwise unaltered.

Harrow Road is a ward of the City of Westminster. The population of this ward at the 2021 Census was 11,381.
Blue Line (RTA Rapid Transit)
The Blue Line (formerly known as the Moreland Line and the Van Aken Line, and internally as Route 67) is a light rail line of the RTA Rapid Transit system in Cleveland and Shaker Heights, Ohio, running from Tower City Center downtown, then east and southeast to Warrensville Center Blvd near Chagrin Blvd. 2.6 miles (4.2 km) of track, including two stations (Tri-C–Campus District and East 55th), are shared with the rapid transit Red Line, the stations have low platforms for the Blue Line and high platforms for the Red Line. The Blue Line shares the right-of-way with the Green Line in Cleveland, and splits off after passing through Shaker Square. All RTA light rail lines use overhead lines and pantographs to draw power.

Tower City Center
Tower City Center is a large mixed-use facility in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, in its Public Square. The facility is composed of a number of interconnected office buildings, including Terminal Tower, the Landmark Office Towers, a shopping center, Jack Cleveland Casino, Hotel Cleveland, Chase Financial Plaza, and Tower City station, the main hub of Cleveland's RTA Rapid Transit lines.

The structure was built in 1929 as Cleveland Union Terminal. On March 17, 1976, the complex was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Precentral sulcus
The precentral sulcus is a part of the human brain that lies parallel to, and in front of, the central sulcus. A sulcus is one of the prominent grooves on the surface of the human brain.

The precentral sulcus divides the inferior, middle and superior frontal gyri from the precentral gyrus. In most brains, the precentral sulcus is divided into two parts: the inferior precentral sulcus and the superior precentral sulcus. However, the precentral sulcus may sometimes be divided into three parts or form one continuous sulcus.

Central sulcus
In neuroanatomy, the central sulcus (also central fissure, fissure of Rolando, or Rolandic fissure, after Luigi Rolando) is a sulcus, or groove, in the cerebral cortex in the brains of vertebrates. It is sometimes confused with the longitudinal fissure.

The central sulcus is a prominent landmark of the brain, separating the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe and the primary motor cortex from the primary somatosensory cortex.
Shanag
Shanag  is a genus of paravian theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Period of Mongolia. It may be a dromaeosaurid, but some researchers are skeptical of this classification. The type species is S. ashile.

Öösh Formation
The Öösh Formation, also known as the Tevsh Formation is a geological formation of Lower Cretaceous strata in Övörkhangai Province, Mongolia. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. It overlies folded and metamorphosed basement strata of the Gobi region, and is capped by basalt. The succession is around 600 metres thick and consists of red claystones and sandstones, along with black thinly laminated shales. The claystones and sandstones were deposited as part of an alluvial fan system, while the shales were deposited in lakes present in the foot of the fan. Many of the fossils come from the "Cannonball beds", which comprise the lowest 60 metres of the unit and consist of green siltstone.
2010–11 Herrehåndboldligaen
The 2010–11 Danish Handball League season, officially known as Jack & Jones Ligaen for sponsorship reasons was the 75th edition of the Danish Handball League. AaB Håndbold were the defending champions.

AG København won the title, when they beat Bjerringbro-Silkeborg in the final 2–0 in matches. This was the first national championship for AG København. Frederiksberg IF were relegated when they finished last in the regular season. Fredericia HK were later relegated, when they finished 9th in the regular season and lost the relegation play-off.

Herreligaen
The Herreligaen (men's league), formerly known as Herrehåndboldligaen (men's handball league), is the men's top Danish professional handball league. The winners of the Herreligaen are recognised as the Danish men's handball champions. The current champions are Aalborg Håndbold.
Barguzin (river)
The Barguzin (Russian: Баргузи́н; Buryat: Баргажан, romanized: Bargajan) is a river in Buryatia, Russia, 480 km (300 mi) long, flowing into the Barguzin Bay of Lake Baikal, the largest and deepest bay of Baikal. Barguzin is the third (by the flow amount) inflow of Baikal, after the rivers Selenga and Upper Angara. Its watershed area is 21,100 km2 (8,100 mi2). It is navigable for 204 km (127 mi) upwards from its estuary. Its main tributaries are the Gagra, Argada and Ina from the left, and the Ulyun from the right. In 1648, Ivan Galkin founded an ostrog on the Barguzin.

Upper Angara
The Upper Angara (Russian: Верхняя Ангара, Verkhnyaya Angara; Buryat: Дээдэ Ангар, Deede Angar) is a river in Buryatia, Siberia to the northeast of Lake Baikal. the third longest river in the Baikal basin. It is 438 kilometres (272 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 21,400 square kilometres (8,300 sq mi).

The Baikal–Amur Mainline runs along the north side of the river northeast up its valley, crossing between Anamakit and Novy Uoyan and crossing the river a second time upstream before heading into the mountains.