hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Farid Karam
Farid Karam (Arabic: فريد كرم) served as a member of the World Scout Committee.

In 1977, he was awarded the 119th Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.

Bronze Wolf Award
The World Organization of the Scout Movement's Bronze Wolf Award is presented by it for outstanding international service by an individual to the Scout Movement.

The award consists of a bronze wolf pendant hung on a dark green ribbon bordered by two narrow stripes of yellow.

The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) has awarded just over 400 Bronze Wolf Awards since it inaugurated its award in 1935. WOSM has restricted the number of recipients in order to maintain the award's significance. Currently, the award is limited to approximately one recipient for every two million members worldwide.
Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology
The Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology (Urdu: مسلح افواج امراض دل ہسپتال, or AFIC) also known as the National Institute of Heart Diseases or NIHD is a government and military cardiac hospital located in Rawalpindi Cantonment, Punjab, Pakistan. This 800-bed cardiac health care institute is a major institute and hospital in Pakistan. The hospital delivers heart disease and health care services to people of Pakistan Armed Forces and fellow citizens of Pakistan.

Rawalpindi Cantonment
Rawalpindi Cantonment (Urdu: چھاؤنی راولپنڈی) is a large military town located in Rawalpindi, Punjab province, Pakistan. The headquarters of the Pakistan Army, which are known as the General Headquarters (GHQ), are located in the nearby Chaklala Cantonment. It covers an area of 41.16 km2 (15.89 sq mi) (10,172 acres). The population of the town is 740,483 according to the 2023 census.

Rawalpindi Cantonment is one of the three components of Rawalpindi Tehsil (sub-district) together with Rawalpindi Metropolitan Corporation and Chaklala Cantonment. The tehsil is part of the wider Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area, which has a population of more than 6 million people. It is situated on the Grand Trunk Road and on Railway Line 1, the main railway line of the country. The town has its own railway station, Rawalpindi railway station, and its own hospital, Cantonment General Hospital.
2019 Southwestern Athletic Conference baseball tournament
The 2019 Southwestern Athletic Conference baseball tournament was held at Wesley Barrow Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana, from May 15 through 19.  The winner of the tournament, Southern, earned the conference's automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

The double elimination tournament featured four teams from each division.

Southwestern Athletic Conference baseball tournament
The Southwestern Athletic Conference baseball tournament decides the conference baseball championship of the NCAA Division I Southwestern Athletic Conference. The top four finishers in each conference division participate in a two-bracket, double-elimination tournament, most recently played in Birmingham, Alabama, between May 25 and May 29, 2022. The winner of the tournament receives an automatic berth to the NCAA tournament and, since 2019, to the HBCU World Series.
Tehreek Tahafuz Ayin
The Tehreek-e-Tahafuz-e-Ayeen-e-Pakistan (TTAP; Urdu: تحریک تحفظ آئین پاکستان, lit. 'Movement for the Protection of the Constitution of Pakistan') sometimes called just Tehreek Tahafuz Ayin  is a big tent political alliance of several political parties in Pakistan led by the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), the largest party in the alliance, and is under the leadership of Mahmood Khan Achakzai. Currently, it consists of various parties that protest against alleged electoral fraud in the 2024 Pakistani general elections and to oppose the Second Shehbaz Sharif government.

Balochistan National Party (Mengal)
The Balochistan National Party (Mengal) (abbr.  BNP(M) or BNP-M) is a Pakistani political party, based in Balochistan, with a leftist political position and a Baloch nationalist ideology. It favours federalism with greater autonomy and provincial rights through peaceful and democratic means.
Les Fiançailles de M. Hire
Les Fiançailles de M. Hire (Monsieur Hire's Engagement) is a short novel by Belgian writer Georges Simenon. It is one of the author's first self-described roman durs or "hard novels" to distinguish it from his romans populaires or "popular novels," which are primarily mysteries that usually feature his famous Inspector Maigret character.

The novel is divided into eleven chapters, and is written using the third-person narrative mode.

Jules Maigret
Jules Maigret (French: [ʒyl mɛɡʁɛ]), or simply Maigret, is a fictional French police detective, a commissaire ("inspector") of the Paris Brigade Criminelle (Direction Régionale de la Police Judiciaire de Paris:36, Quai des Orfèvres), created by writer Georges Simenon. The character's full name is Jules Amédée François Maigret.

Between 1930 and 1972, 75 novels and 28 short stories about Maigret were published, starting with Pietr-le-Letton ("The Strange Case of Peter the Lett") and concluding with Maigret et Monsieur Charles ("Maigret and Monsieur Charles"). The novels and stories have been translated into more than 50 languages.

The Maigret stories have also received numerous film, television, and radio adaptations. Penguin Books published new translations of 75 books in the series over as many months from November 2013.
Wang Hao (chess player)
Wang Hao (Chinese: 王皓; pinyin: Wáng Hào; born August 4, 1989) is a Chinese chess grandmaster. In November 2009, Wang became the fourth Chinese player to break through the 2700 Elo rating mark.

In 2019, he qualified for the 2020 Candidates Tournament by winning the FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament 2019, making him the second Chinese player to qualify for a Candidates Tournament. Wang announced his retirement from professional chess at the end of the Candidates tournament in 2021, citing health issues. However, he returned to playing in 2022.

Norway Chess
Norway Chess is an annual closed chess tournament, typically taking place in the May to June time period every year. The first edition took place in the Stavanger, Norway, from 7 to 18 May 2013. The 2013 tournament had ten participants, including seven of the ten highest rated players in the world per the May 2013 FIDE World Rankings. It was won by Sergey Karjakin, with Magnus Carlsen and Hikaru Nakamura tied for second place. Norway Chess 2015 took place in mid-June 2015 and was a part of the inaugural Grand Chess Tour. The tournament has since decided to withdraw from the Grand Chess Tour.

In 2025, Norway Chess announced they were developing the Total Chess World Championship Tour, with the approval of FIDE. Total Chess World Championship 2026 will be the first Total Chess World Championship event. It will be held in Norway on 15 October 2026.

In 2026, it was announced that the upcoming Norway Chess 2026 tournament would be held in Oslo instead of Stavanger.
George McArdle
George McArdle is an Australian bass guitarist. He came from a violent and abusive background and was drawn to alcohol, fighting, theft and rock music.

McArdle joined the pop-rock group Little River Band in August 1976, replacing Roger McLachlan. McArdle played on their studio albums Diamantina Cocktail (1977)  and Sleeper Catcher (1978). In January 1979, McArdle left the band to further his Christian studies at a Bible college.

He is considered to be a member of the "classic lineup" of Little River Band. That lineup, Graeham Goble, Beeb Birtles, Derek Pellicci, Glenn Shorrock, David Briggs and McArdle, was inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame in October 2004.

McArdle's biography, The Man from Little River, written by Denise A. Austin, was published in 2009.

Derek Pellicci
Derek Allan Pellicci (born 18 February 1953) is an English-born Australian drummer. He is best known as a founding member of Little River Band. Pellicci lives in Melbourne with his wife, Anne and a son.
Negativity (quantum mechanics)
In quantum mechanics, negativity is a measure of quantum entanglement which is easy to compute. It is a measure deriving from the PPT criterion for separability. It has been shown to be an entanglement monotone and hence a proper measure of entanglement.

Separable state
In quantum mechanics, separable states are multipartite quantum states that can be written as a convex combination of product states. Product states are multipartite quantum states that can be written as a tensor product of states in each space. The physical intuition behind these definitions is that product states have no correlation between the different degrees of freedom, while separable states might have correlations, but all such correlations can be explained as due to a classical random variable, as opposed to being due to entanglement.

In the special case of pure states the definition simplifies: a pure state is separable if and only if it is a product state.

A state is said to be entangled if it is not separable. In general, determining if a state is separable is not straightforward and the problem is classed as NP-hard.
Robert Kleine
Robert J. Kleine was the 43rd State Treasurer of Michigan, serving from 2006 to 2010.  He was appointed to his position effective April 9, 2006, by Governor Jennifer M. Granholm.

He is treasurer of the Michigan League for Public Policy.

Michigan State Treasurer
The state treasurer of Michigan functions as the chief financial officer for the U.S. state of Michigan. The state treasurer oversees the collection, investment, and disbursement of all state monies, and also administers major tax laws, safeguards the credit of the state, and distributes revenue sharing monies to local units of government.  It is an unelected office within the executive branch.

The current state treasurer is Rachael A. Eubanks, who was appointed by Governor Gretchen Whitmer in January 2019.
Ismailia
Ismailia (Egyptian Arabic: الإسماعيلية el-Ismāʻīlīyah, Egyptian Arabic: [lesmæʕiˈlejjæ]) is a city in north-eastern Egypt. Situated on the west bank of the Suez Canal, it is the capital of the Ismailia Governorate. The city had an estimated population of 450,388 in 2023. It is located approximately halfway between Port Said to the north and Suez to the south. The Canal widens at that point to include Lake Timsah, one of the Bitter Lakes linked by the Canal.

Great Bitter Lake
The Great Bitter Lake (Arabic: البحيرة المرة الكبرى; transliterated: al-Buḥayrah al-Murra al-Kubrā) is a large saltwater lake in Egypt which is part of the  Suez Canal.  Before the canal was built in 1869, the Great Bitter Lake was a dry salt valley or basin. References are made to the Great Bitter Lake in the ancient Pyramid Texts.

The canal connects the Great Bitter Lake to the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. The canal also connects it to the Small Bitter Lake (Arabic: البحيرة المرة الصغرى; transliterated: al-Buhayrah al-Murra as-Sughra).

Ships traveling through the Suez Canal use the Great Bitter Lake as a "passing lane", where they can pass other ships or turn around.
Gruffudd ap Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd
Gruffudd ap Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd was the grandson of Owain Gwynedd, a famous king of Gwynedd and ruler of most of Wales in the 12th century. The longer patronymic form of his name is usually used to distinguish him from the earlier and better-known Gruffudd ap Cynan, king of Gwynedd.

He was born c.1150 and died at Aberconwy Abbey in 1200. He is known to have fought alongside his brother Maredudd against his uncle Hywel in 1170 and later fought on the side of his cousin Llywelyn ab Iorwerth between 1194-1197 in a campaign to depose another uncle, Dafydd. Gruffudd is known to have had only one son, Hywel ap Gruffudd ap Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd, who is not known to have had any children of his own and died in 1216.

Gruffudd ap Cynan
Gruffudd ap Cynan (c. 1055–1137) was King of Gwynedd from 1081 until his death in 1137. In the course of a long and eventful life, he became a key figure in Welsh resistance to Norman rule.

As a descendant of Rhodri Mawr (Rhodri the Great), Gruffudd ap Cynan was a senior member of the princely House of Aberffraw. Through his mother, Gruffudd had close family connections with the Norse settlement around Dublin and he frequently used Ireland as a refuge and as a source of troops. He three times gained the throne of Gwynedd and then lost it again, before regaining it once more in 1099 and this time keeping power until his death. Gruffudd laid the foundations which were built upon by his son Owain Gwynedd and his great-grandson Llywelyn ab Iorwerth (Llywelyn the Great).
Edward Hewlett Hogben
Architecture portal

Edward Hewlett Hogben (6 March 1875 – 1 March 1936) was an Australian architect who had a prominent role in modernising the Carrington Hotel, Katoomba in 1911 when he designed the new facade for Sir James Joynton Smith. In partnership with the estate agent Alfred Craig, and then with the Goyder brothers, he played an influential role in the architectural development of both Katoomba and Leura between the wars. An early commission in 1905 was the design of the Kanowna guesthouses for John Connely in Wascoe Street, Leura. His most distinguished private home was the second Leuralla, built for Harry Andreas.

Hogben was born to Edward Hogben (1835–1891) and Jemima Henrietta (née Hewlett 1847–1918). His father was Mayor of Kogarah  Council (1887–1888). In 1889 Hogben commenced at Newington College under the presidency of the Rev Dr William Kelynack and the Headmastership of William Henry Williams.

Harry Andreas
Harry Andreas (born Ehenriech Phillip Andreas; 1879–1955) was an Australian businessman and company director. As a big-game fisherman he pioneered the sport in New Zealand. He was the inventor of the Andreas Fortuna Game Fish Reel and is described in the 1935 edition of Who's Who in Australia as being of "Independent Means".
Utskarpen
Utskarpen is a village in Rana Municipality in Nordland county, Norway, about 37 kilometres (23 mi) west of the town of Mo i Rana. The village is located at the end of the Utskarpen fjord, an arm of the main Ranfjorden. On the western side of Utskarpen is the intersection with Norwegian County Road 17 and Norwegian County Road 12. The neighboring villages are Sjonbotn to the north and Myklebustad to the west.

Utskarpen has a kindergarten, a primary and secondary school, and a nursing home. The Utskarpen Museum was opened on 23 October 1999.  The village has been in the three municipalities. Starting in 1839 it was part of Hemnes Municipality, then in 1929 it became a part of Sør-Rana Municipality, and then in 1964 it was merged into Rana Municipality.

Sør-Rana Municipality
Sør-Rana is a former municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 777-square-kilometre (300 sq mi) municipality existed from 1929 until its dissolution in 1964. The areais now part of Hemnes Municipality. (Hemnes Municipality was also named Sør-Rana from 1838 until 1844). Sør-Rana encompassed an area on both sides of the middle section of the Ranfjorden around where the Sørfjorden and Elsfjorden branch off the main fjord.

Prior to its dissolution in 1964, the 777-square-kilometre (300 sq mi) municipality was the 118th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Sør-Rana Municipality was the 519th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,608. The municipality's population density was 2.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (5.4/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 13.1% over the previous 10-year period.
Manifesto Blanco
The Manifiesto Blanco, or White Manifesto, was written in 1946 by artists and students in Buenos Aires, Argentina, under the direction of Lucio Fontana.

The manifesto emphasized the importance of new technologies as they pertained to the arts and the pursuit of integrating art and science.

"This idea of synthesis is grounded in the concept that certain scientific and philosophical developments have transformed the human psyche to such an extent that traditional 'static' art forms and the differentiation of artistic disciplines have become obsolete.  A new, synthetic art is advocated that will involve the dynamic principle of movement through time and space."

Manifesto
A manifesto is a written declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of the issuer, be it an individual, group, political party, or government. A manifesto can accept a previously published opinion or public consensus, but many prominent manifestos—such as those of various artistic movements—reject accepted knowledge in favor of a new idea. Manifestos relating to religious belief are generally referred to as creeds or confessions of faith.
Xanthoconium stramineum
Xanthoconium stramineum is a species of bolete fungus and the type species of the genus Xanthoconium. First described as a species of Gyroporus by William Alphonso Murrill in 1940, it was placed in its current genus by Rolf Singer in 1944.

Xanthoconium
Xanthoconium is a genus of bolete fungi in the family Boletaceae. It was circumscribed by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1944, who included Boletus affinis and what was then known as Gyroporus stramineus as the type species. These two species were part of the "strange group of species described by Murrill and Snell as white-spored Gyropori, and separated by the latter under the new generic name Leucogyroporus." C.B. Wolfe described three species from the United States in 1987: X. chattoogaense, Xanthoconium montaltoense, and X. montanum. As of February 2015, the nomenclatural database Index Fungorum  list seven species in Xanthoconium.

The concept of Xanthoconium has been not fully described using molecular phylogenetic analysis, but it is clearly a distinct genus, apart from Boletus. However, Xanthoconium separans was found to be more closely related to Boletus Sensu stricto than to Xanthoconium.
Niels Egelund
Niels Egelund (born July 4, 1946) is a Danish diplomat. From 1999 to 2003, he served as Denmark's Permanent Representative to NATO and from 2009 to 2009 as Ambassador to France. He was appointed as Under-Secretary and Political Director at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs with the personal rank of Ambassador in 1992, and was Chief Adviser on foreign and defence policy to Prime Minister Poul Nyrup Rasmussen from 1993 to 1999. He is a graduate of the University of Copenhagen and the College of Europe (1970-1971 promotion) in Bruges. He joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1972. He was awarded a Commander of the Order of the Dannebrog in 1998.

Poul Nyrup Rasmussen
Poul Oluf Nyrup Rasmussen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈpʰʌwl ˈnyˀɔp ˈʁɑsmusn̩], informally Poul Nyrup, born 15 June 1943) is a retired Danish politician, who served as Prime Minister of Denmark from 25 January 1993 to 27 November 2001 and President of the Party of European Socialists (PES) from 2004 to 2011. He was the leader of the governing Social Democrats from 1992 to 2002 and was also a member of the European Parliament from 2004 to 2009.

Rasmussen is a member of the Club of Madrid. In 2007 he published the book I grådighedens tid (In a Time of Greed), which contains harsh criticism of the role hedge and venture capital funds play in the global economy.
The First Measured Century
The First Measured Century: The Other Way of Looking at American History is a three-hour PBS documentary film hosted by Ben J. Wattenberg. The film was produced for PBS by BJW, Inc. and New River Media, Inc. and was first broadcast in December 2000. The film traces American history during the 20th century through a sequence of vignettes of pioneering social scientists who used numerical tools to examine America. The film mixes archival footage, archival still photography and artwork, interviews with contemporary experts, graphical animations of statistical trends, and on-camera narrative appearances by the host. Information from Middletown IV, a 1999 replication of Middletown studies of Muncie, Indiana, first begun by Robert and Helen Lynd in 1924, is included in the film and companion volume.

Theodore Caplow
Theodore "Ted" Caplow (born 1969) is an American social entrepreneur, environmental engineer, and inventor.  He is the founder of greenhouse science lab provider New York Sun Works and the co-founder of AgTech supply-chain disruptor BrightFarms. Caplow's pioneering work in urban agriculture and vertical farming began with the Science Barge in Yonkers, New York (NY). Caplow has also patented a Vertically Integrated Greenhouse.  Caplow subsequently co-founded Caplow|Manzano in 2017 with Nathalie Manzano to pursue innovations in resilient housing design and sustainable building technology. As an academic, Caplow holds a Ph.D. in engineering from Columbia University and has published a series of peer-reviewed articles on water contaminant dynamics in the Hudson River Estuary, in addition to articles on Building-integrated agriculture.
Nal Stop metro station
Nal Stop is an elevated metro station on the East-West corridor of the Aqua Line of Pune Metro in Pune, India. The station was opened on 6 March 2022 as an inauguration of Pune Metro and was the first to be completed. From March 2022 to August 2023, the Aqua Line was operational between Vanaz and Garware College. The extended section between Garware College to Ruby Hall Clinic was inaugurated on 1 August 2023. So the metro operated from Vanaz to Ruby Hall Clinic. Later the remaining stretch was completed and the line operates till Ramwadi from 6 March 2024.

Ramwadi metro station
Ramwadi is the elevated eastern terminal metro station on the East - West corridor of the Aqua Line of Pune Metro in Pune, India. It is connected to Rainbow Bus Rapid Transit System. The station was opened on 6 March 2024 as an extension of Pune Metro Phase I. Aqua Line operates between Vanaz and Ramwadi stations.

Along with the opening of this station, the Pune Mahanagar Parivahan Mahamandal Limited had inaugurated AC bus feeder service from Ramwadi to Pune Airport. The bus no. 19 ran on two routes at an interval of 25 minutes, the fare for which was ₹5 to ₹10 depending upon the distance. However, the operations of this shuttle bus were shifted to Yerwada metro station, after the latter was inaugurated on 21 August 2024. Another AC bus feeder service connecting Ramwadi to Kharadi was launched in June 2024. This bus travels a distance of 7km and runs at an interval of 30 minutes, covering around 20 stops on the route.
With a Little Help from My Friends (Joe Cocker album)
With a Little Help from My Friends is the debut album by singer-songwriter Joe Cocker, released in late April 1969. It was certified gold in the US by the RIAA and peaked at number 35 on the Billboard 200. In the UK, the album charted in May 1972 at number 29 on the UK Albums Chart when it was re-released as a double pack with Cocker's second LP Joe Cocker!.

The title track was written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and originally performed by the Beatles on the 1967 album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band; it has been inducted into the Grammy Award Hall of Fame. Cocker's version was the theme song to the television series The Wonder Years from 1988 to 1993.

In 2015, the Audio Fidelity Company released a limited reissue of the album in hybrid SACD format as a tribute to Cocker.

Denny Cordell
Dennis Cordell-Lavarack (1 August 1943 – 18 February 1995), known as Denny Cordell, was an English record producer. He is notable for his mid-1960s and early 1970s productions of hit singles for The Moody Blues, Leon Russell, The Move, Procol Harum, Joe Cocker and Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers. He later became a racehorse trainer.