hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Türisalu Cliff
Türisalu Cliff is a cliff in Türisalu, Estonia. The cliff is part of the Baltic Klint and has a height of up to 30 metres (100 ft).

Türisalu cliff has accumulated a negative reputation as a suicide hotspot, especially among younger people.

Baltic Klint
The Baltic Klint (Clint, Glint; Estonian: Balti klint, Swedish: Baltiska klinten, Russian: Балтийско-Ладожский уступ, Глинт) is an erosional limestone escarpment and cuesta on several islands of the Baltic Sea, in Estonia, in Leningrad Oblast of Russia and in the islands of Gotland and Öland of Sweden. It was featured on the reverse of the 50 krooni note of 1928 and on the 100 krooni note of 1992.

The Baltic Klint is active landform showing some retreat in the present. However it is not known to which degree the Baltic Klint originated in postglacial time or if it evolved from cliff-like forms sculpted by the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet. In Gotland 20th century cliff retreat rates have been estimated at 0.15 to 0.78 cm/year. Retreat of the Baltic Klint in Gotland has widened shore platforms.
Nolan Seegert
Nolan Seegert (born 11 July 1992) is a German retired pair skater. With his skating partner, Minerva Fabienne Hase, he was the 2019 Rostelecom Cup bronze medalist, 2021 CS Nebelhorn Trophy champion, and three-time German national champion (2019–20, 2022). The pair represented Germany at the 2022 Winter Olympics.

International Challenge Cup
The International Challenge Cup (formerly known as the Ennia Challenge Cup and the Aegon Cup) is an annual figure skating competition generally held in the Netherlands during the last week in February. Although the competition had been held for years in The Hague, a three-year contract was signed in 2022 with the city of Tilburg to host the competition at the IJssportcentrum Tilburg.

Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance at the senior, junior, and novice levels.
Imre Waldbauer
Imre Waldbauer (3 March 1892 – 5 December 1952) was a Hungarian violinist and music teacher.

Born in Budapest as Josef Waldbauer's son, Waldbauer was a student of Jenő Hubay. He lived in Hungary until 1945, worked as a violin and viola teacher at the Music Academy in Budapest and, together with the cellist Jenő Kerpely, founded the Waldbauer-Kerpely-Quartett ("Hungarian String Quartet") in 1910, which was active until 1945. A friend of Béla Bartók, Zoltán Kodály and Ernst von Dohnányi, he premiered many of their violin works and was an important interpreter of their chamber music with his quartet. In 1945 he moved to the US, where he taught at the University of Iowa until his death. Among his pupils were Paul Rolland, Kató Havas, Vilmos Tátrai, Robert Gerle and Dénes Zsigmondy.

Waldbauer died in Iowa City at age 60.

Jenő Hubay
Jenő Hubay de Szalatnya (Hungarian: Szalatnyai Hubay Jenő [ˈhubɒi ˈjɛnøː]; 15 September 1858 – 12 March 1937), also known by his German name Eugen Huber (pronounced [ˈɔʏɡeːn ˈhuːbɐ, ˈɔʏɡn̩ -]), was a Hungarian violinist, composer and music teacher.
Wallachian military forces
The military of Wallachia existed throughout the history of the country. Starting from its founding to 1859, when it was united with the Moldavian army into what would become the Romanian Army.

The army mainly consisted of light cavalry which was used in hit-and-run tactics, though various other units existed as well. Between the 16th and 18th centuries, the army was mostly formed from mercenary units. In 1830, following the Organic Regulation, the standing army of Wallachia was created.

The Wallachian fleet used riverboats of various sizes between the 15th and 17th centuries. In 1794, a small flotilla was created with the approval of The Porte. After the regulations of 1830, a military flotilla was created as well. The Wallachian flotilla was merged with the Moldavian one in 1860, forming the Danube Flotilla Corps, the precursor of the Romanian Naval Forces.

Pandur
Pandurs were a type of light infantry unit raised in Central Europe. The first was Trenck's Pandurs, used by the Kingdom of Hungary from 1741, fighting in the War of the Austrian Succession and the Silesian Wars. Others to follow included Vladimirescu's Pandurs, a militia established by Tudor Vladimirescu in the Wallachian uprising of 1821, Pandurs of the Croatian Military Frontier, a frontier guard infantry unit deployed in the late 18th century, Pandurs of the Kingdom of Dalmatia, a frontier guard infantry unit deployed in the 19th century. In the second half of the 18th century the Republic of Venice used pandurs as a local militia to fight bandits in the Dalmatia area.
Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance
Phosphorus-31 NMR spectroscopy is an analytical chemistry technique that uses nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to study chemical compounds that contain phosphorus. Phosphorus is commonly found in organic compounds and coordination complexes (as phosphines), making it useful to measure 31- NMR spectra routinely. Solution 31P-NMR is one of the more routine NMR techniques because 31P has an isotopic abundance of 100% and a relatively high gyromagnetic ratio. The 31P nucleus also has a spin of ⁠1/2⁠, making spectra relatively easy to interpret. The only other highly sensitive NMR-active nuclei spin ⁠1/2⁠ that are monoisotopic (or nearly so) are 1H and 19F.

Gyromagnetic ratio
In physics, the gyromagnetic ratio (also sometimes known as the magnetogyric ratio in other disciplines) of a particle or system is the ratio of its magnetic moment to its angular momentum, and it is often denoted by the symbol γ, gamma. Its SI unit is the reciprocal second per tesla (s−1⋅T−1) or, equivalently, the coulomb per kilogram (C⋅kg−1).

The g-factor of a particle is a related dimensionless value of the system, derived as the ratio of its gyromagnetic ratio to that which would be classically expected from a rigid body of which the mass and charge are distributed identically, and for which total mass and charge are the same as that of the system.
Tirumala Dhruva Bera
Tirumala Dhruva Bera is the name given to the deity of Lord Venkateswara in Tirumala Venkateswara Temple, Andhra Pradesh. Dhruva Bera is the official terminology used for the main deity of a temple with the exact translation being The Immovable image and as the name suggests, the deity is stationary and other deities are used for pujas, sevas that requires the deity's presence outside the garbha griham (sanctum sanctorum). Other terms used for Dhruva Bera include Moolavar or Moola Virat (Main Deity), Achala (Constant).

Tirumala Dhruva Bera is considered to be Swayambhu - self-manifested and not created by human. According to Sri Venkatachala Mahatyam, Lord Venkateswara came to reside in this sacred spot to provide blessings to devotees in the Kali Yuga. The deity does not conform to the agamas (rules) for making a deity, thus furthering the belief that the temple's deity is Swayambhu.

Legend of Tirumala
For one of the major Hindu denominations, the Tirumala Sri Venkateshvara Temple at Tirupati in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh is the most famous Vaishnavite temple in the world. The presiding deity of Vishnu here is referred to as Venkateshvara. There are many legends regarding this temple. The Sri Venkatachala Mahatyam is the most accepted legend among these, which provides the religious account of the history of the temple across various yugas. This place had also been mentioned in many Puranas.
Timeline for the day of the September 11 attacks
The September 11 attacks of 2001, in addition to being a unique act of terrorism, constituted a media event on a scale not seen since the advent of civilian global satellite links. Instant worldwide reaction and debate were made possible by round-the-clock television news organizations and by the internet. As a result, most of the events were known by a large portion of the world's population as they occurred.

The attacks themselves lasted less than two hours; the first hijacking commenced at approximately 8:14 am, and the final hijacked plane crashed at 10:03 am. All times given are in Eastern Daylight Time, (UTC−04:00).

2001 New York City mayoral election
The 2001 New York City mayoral election was held on November 6, 2001.

Incumbent Republican mayor Rudy Giuliani could not run again due to term limits. As Democrats outnumbered Republicans by a five-to-one margin in the city, it was widely believed that a Democrat would succeed him in City Hall. Businessman Michael Bloomberg, a lifelong Democrat, changed his party affiliation to run as a Republican. Mark Green narrowly defeated Fernando Ferrer in the Democratic primary, surviving a contest that divided the party and consumed the vast majority of the Green campaign's financial resources.

After a campaign largely overshadowed by the 9/11 terrorist attacks, Bloomberg won the general election with 50.3% of the vote to Green's 47.9%. Democrats flipped the boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn from the previous election. This is one of two mayoral elections where the winning candidate carried a minority of the boroughs, the other being the 1969 election.
Pack burro racing
Pack burro racing is a sport in Colorado, Arizona, California, and New Mexico that is rooted in the various western states' mining histories. In the early days of the mining industry in Colorado, miners would take donkeys (burros in Spanish) through the mountains of Colorado while prospecting. Because the burros were carrying supplies, the miners could not ride the animals and so they would walk, leading the donkey. Burro races are held throughout small towns in Colorado, Arizona, California, and New Mexico to commemorate the miners and their burros. In 2012, pack burro racing was recognized as the official "summer heritage sport" in Colorado.

Donkey
The donkey or ass is a domesticated equine. It derives from the African wild ass, Equus africanus, and may be classified either as a subspecies thereof, Equus africanus asinus, or as a separate species, Equus asinus.: 1  It was domesticated in Africa some 5000–7000 years ago,: 2 : 3715  and has been used mainly as a working animal since that time.

There are more than 40 million donkeys in the world, mostly in underdeveloped countries, where they are used principally as draught or pack animals. While working donkeys are often associated with those living at or below subsistence, small numbers of donkeys or asses are kept for breeding, as pets, and for livestock protection in developed countries.

An adult male donkey is a jack or jackass, an adult female is a jenny or jennet, and an immature donkey of either sex is a foal. Jacks are often mated with female horses (mares) to produce mules; the less common hybrid of a male horse (stallion) and jenny is a hinny.
The Real Matilda
The Real Matilda is a 1976 non-fiction book of feminist history by Miriam Dixson. The book argues that Australian women have a significantly lower social standing than women in other Western nations, and attributes this to Australia's early colonial history. Dixson argues that the lower-class men who made up Australia's early convict population had a particularly low regard for women, and that their subjugation of women in the colony's early years has "imprinted" itself on contemporary Australian culture.

While the book received critical reviews from some feminists upon its release, it has since come to be regarded as a landmark work in Australian feminist history. New editions of the book were published in 1984, 1994, and 1999. The Real Matilda has been described as one of the catalysts for a new wave of feminist historiographies of Australia released in the years that followed its publication.

Jill Ker Conway
Jill Ker Conway AC (9 October 1934 – 1 June 2018) was an Australian-American scholar and author. Well known for her autobiographies, in particular her first memoir, The Road from Coorain, she also was Smith College's first woman president (1975–1985) and most recently served as a visiting professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 2004 she was designated a Women's History Month Honoree by the National Women's History Project. She was a recipient of the National Humanities Medal.
Service à la française
Service à la française (French: [sɛʁvis a la fʁɑ̃sɛːz], lit. 'service in the French style') is the practice of serving various dishes of a meal at the same time, with the diners helping themselves from the serving dishes. That contrasts to service à la russe ("service in the Russian style") in which dishes are brought to the table sequentially and served individually, portioned by servants.

Formal dinners were served à la française from the Middle Ages to the 19th century, but in the modern era it has been largely supplanted by service à la russe in restaurants. Service à la française still exists today in the form of the buffet, and remains popular for small and large gatherings in homes, companies, hotels, and other group settings.  It is also similar to the Chinese style of serving large groups in many Chinese restaurants.

Roasting
Roasting is a cooking method that uses dry heat where hot air covers the food, cooking it evenly on all sides with temperatures of at least 150 °C (300 °F) from an open flame, oven, or other heat source. Roasting can enhance the flavor through caramelization and Maillard browning on the surface of the food. Roasting uses indirect, diffused heat (as in an oven), and is suitable for slower cooking of meat in a larger, whole piece. Meats and most root and bulb vegetables can be roasted. Any piece of meat, especially red meat, that has been cooked in this fashion is called a roast. Meats and vegetables prepared in this way are described as "roasted", e.g., roasted chicken or roasted squash.
Wolfe Manor
The Wolfe Manor (originally known as the Andrews Estate, later as the Clovis Avenue Sanitarium and the Andleberry Estate) was a turn of the century mansion located in Clovis, California.

The manor was once a private residence, sanitarium, and eventually a haunted attraction. The property and home, which is now owned by Todd Wolfe, was forced by the city to stop operating as a haunted attraction, due to it being an "eye-sore" and the cause of neighboring property values to decline. For many years, Wolfe tried to turn the manor into a bed and breakfast, but after not being able to fulfill his plans, the city decided in 2014 to have it demolished. Wolfe Manor was rumored to be haunted and has been featured on various TV shows including My Ghost Story, Ghost Hunters, Ghost Adventures, The Dead Files,  and MysteryQuest.

Clovis, California
Clovis is a city in Fresno County, California, United States. It was established in 1890 as a freight stop for the San Joaquin Valley Railroad by a group of Fresno businessmen and Michigan railroad speculator Marcus Pollasky. The railroad bought the land from two farmers and named the station after one of them, Clovis Cole. Pollasky then developed a town on the site, also named Clovis.

The completion of the lumber flume in 1894 led to the growth of the area around Clovis Station where a lumberyard and sawmill were built. Clovis was officially incorporated as a city in 1912. Today, Clovis celebrates its heritage as an American frontier town, known for its rodeo, Old Town Clovis historic district, and its motto "Clovis – A Way of Life."

In the 2020 census, the population was 120,124. Clovis is located 6.5 miles (10.5 km) northeast of downtown Fresno, at an elevation of 361 feet (110 m).
Sporolithaceae
The Sporolithaceae is the only known family of algae in the Sporolithales order.

Sporolithaceae was originally placed within the Corallinales order, until the creation of the Sporolithales order in 2017.

They are differentiated from the Corallinaceae, by their formation of conceptacles with one or many pores.

Species in the Sporolithales (and also the Sporolithaceae), have the characteristics of the Corallinophycidae, but differs from other orders (Corallinales, Rhodogorgonales) in producing tetrasporangia within calcified sporangial compartments and in having tetrasporocytes that undergo cruciate cleavage.

The Graticulaceae (fossil family) are structurally similar to the Sporolithaceae, but are Paleozoic and date back to the Wenlock (Silurian).

Rhodogorgonales
The Rhodogorgonales are an order of red algae, a sister group to the corallines. They are always thalloid and calcified; their calcification is very different from the corallines, as individual calcite crystals are deposited in the cell wall of specialised cells; this suggests that the evolution of calcification may have been independent from the corallines. They have no fossil record.

Unlike the corallinales and sporolithales, their closest relatives, these thalli are loose aggregations of hair-like cells, with the middle portion formed of rhizoid-like filaments.  Spores are borne on the end of hair-like cells (cortical fascicles).

Images can be seen in "Rhodogorgon ramosissima J. N. Norris & Bucher (Rhodogorgonales, Rhodogorgonaceae, Rhodophyta), registro nuevo para la Costa Venezolana". Acta Bot. Venez. 29 (2). 2006.
Feron pattersonae
Feron pattersonae, also known as the plate gall wasp, is a species of oak gall wasp in the genus Feron. Their hosts are among the white oaks grouping of oaks, with blue oak being common.

Like most oak gall wasps, the plate gall wasp has two alternating generations a year: a parthenogenic all-female generation, and a bisexual generation. The all-female generation produces galls in summer that are flat and circular with scalloped edges. Attached to the underside of leaves, these galls are initially green, then yellow, and fade to brown. They are 7–9 mm in diameter and have a single larval chamber.

The bisexual generation's galls were thought by scientist Alfred Kinsey in 1922 to belong to a new species, Andricus pedicellatus. These galls consist of a pointed capsule at the end of a hair-like stem.

Cynipini
Cynipini is a tribe of gall wasps. These insects induce galls in plants of the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. They are known commonly as the oak gall wasps.
It is the largest cynipid tribe, with about 936 to 1000 recognized species, most of which are associated with oaks. The tribe is mainly native to the Holarctic.

Cynipini wasps can act as ecosystem engineers. Their galls can become hosts of inquilines, and the wasps themselves are hosts to parasitoids.

Most of these wasps undergo cyclical parthenogenesis, sometimes reproducing sexually, and sometimes producing young without fertilization.
Steeton, North Yorkshire
Steeton is a civil parish about 6 miles (10 km) from York, in North Yorkshire, England. In 2001 the parish had a population of 27. The parish touches Appleton Roebuck, Bilbrough, Bolton Percy, Catterton, Colton, Oxton and Tadcaster.

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Selby, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Tadcaster
Tadcaster is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, 15 miles (24 km) north-east of Leeds and 10 miles (16 km) south-west of York.

Its historical importance from Roman times onward was largely as the lowest road crossing-point on the River Wharfe until the construction of the A64 Tadcaster by-pass some 660 yards (600 m) to the south, in 1978. There are two rail crossings downstream of the town before the Wharfe joins the River Ouse near Cawood. Thanks to its position on the banks of the River Wharfe parts of the town adjacent to the bridge are prone to flooding.

The town was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1974, but is now part of North Yorkshire. Tadcaster is twinned with Saint-Chély-d'Apcher in France.
A41 autoroute
The A41 autoroute, also known as l'autoroute alpine, is a French motorway. The road passes through the French Alps connecting the city of Grenoble with the A40 near Geneva. It is made of two sections separated by the N201 and A43 autoroute at Chambéry.

A40 autoroute
The Autoroute A40 is a motorway in France that extends from Mâcon on the west to Passy on the east, terminating not far from Chamonix and the Mont Blanc Tunnel. The road runs 208 kilometres (129 mi) through Bresse, the high southern Jura Mountains, northern Prealps and French Alps. It was fully completed in 1990, and includes 12 viaducts and 3 tunnels. The road is maintained by Autoroutes Paris-Rhin-Rhône (APRR and ATMB), comprising part of European routes E25 and E62.
Ebb Tide (The Wire)
"Ebb Tide" is the 14th episode of the American police drama series The Wire, also the first episode of the second season. It was written by David Simon, from a story by Simon and Ed Burns, and was directed by Ed Bianchi. The episode shows Jimmy McNulty adjusting to a new role with the Baltimore Police marine unit and introduces a group of dockworkers who turn to crime due to a lack of legitimate work opportunities. In the United States, the episode premiered June 1, 2003, on HBO.

The episode had over four million viewers on its debut. Critical reception was positive, especially regarding the character development and frank depiction of the American working class.

Ziggy Sobotka
Chester Karol "Ziggy" Sobotka is a fictional character on the HBO drama The Wire, played by actor James Ransone.  Though his father Frank Sobotka was a well-respected stevedore union leader, Ziggy's thoughtless and immature behavior gained him little respect among other members of the union and The Greek's crime organization.
Kurdasht-e Olya
Kurdasht-e Olya (Persian: کوردشت عليا, also Romanized as Kūrdasht-e ‘Olyā and Kūreh Dasht-e ‘Olyā; also known as Kūrdasht and Kanī Sardeh) is a village in Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Kuhdasht County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 74, in 14 families.

Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District
Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District (Persian: دهستان کوهدشت شمالی) is in the Central District of Kuhdasht County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Namju. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Horin Khalifeh.
St. Stephen's School, Chandigarh
St. Stephen's School is a Roman Catholic school located in Chandigarh, India.

The school was founded by an Anglo-Indian Catholic Principal Harold Anthony Patrick Carver in 1982. The school is affiliated to the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) board.

Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations
The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) is a non-governmental privately held national-level board of school education in India that conducts the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) Examination for Class X and the Indian School Certificate (ISC) for Class XII. G. Immanuel is the current Chairman of CISCE.
Micropterix cornuella
Micropterix cornuella is a species of moth belonging to the family Micropterigidae. It was described by Lees, Rougerie, Zeller & Kristensen in 2010. It is only known from the type locality in Mishmi Hills, Arunachal Pradesh north-eastern India.

Micropterigidae
Micropterigoidea is the superfamily of "mandibulate archaic moths", all placed in the single family Micropterigidae, containing currently about twenty living genera. They are considered the most primitive extant lineage of lepidoptera (Kristensen, 1999), and the sole superfamily in the suborder Zeugloptera. The name comes from the Greek for mikros, little and pterux, a wing. Unique among the Lepidoptera, these moths have chewing mouthparts rather than a proboscis, and are seen feeding, often in large aggregations, on the pollen of the flowers of many herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees. The fossil record of the group goes back to the middle-late Jurassic with the earliest known species being Auliepterix from the Karabastau Formation in Kazakhstan.

Micropterigid larvae possess a uniquely specialised trunk cuticle, in which the exo- and endocuticle are separated by fluid-filled chambers arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each chamber corresponding to an individual epidermal cell.