hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
JP Nagar 4th Phase metro station
JP Nagar 4th Phase is an upcoming elevated interchange metro station on the North-South corridor of the Pink Line and the ORR-West corridor of the Orange Line of Namma Metro in Bengaluru, India. This station is located near the popular Vega City Mall and serves the residential areas of BTM Layout and JP Nagar 3rd & 4th Phase. This metro station will also act as the terminal station of the proposed Orange Line under Namma Metro Phase 3.

As per the latest updates, this metro station, under the first phase of Pink Line, covering a total distance of 7.5 km elevated stretch (Kalena Agrahara - Tavarekere), is expected to be operational around May 2026  instead of December 2025.

Kalena Agrahara metro station
Kalena Agrahara (formerly known as Gottigere) is an upcoming elevated southern terminal metro station on the North-South corridor of the Pink Line of Namma Metro in Bengaluru, India. This metro station serves residential properties and a few other locations including Prestige Elysian, Holy Spirit School (ICSE), Doddakammanahalli suburban area and Decathlon (Bannerghatta Road).

As per the latest updates, this metro station, under the first phase, covering a total distance of 7.5 km elevated stretch (Kalena Agrahara - Tavarekere), is expected to be operational around May 2026  instead of December 2025.
2018 Oregon wildfires
Wildfires in the U.S. state of Oregon in 2018 include the Boxcar Fire, Graham Fire, and Jack Knife Fire.

In July, one person was killed by the Substation Fire, which also destroyed the Charles E. Nelson House.

Boxcar Fire
The Boxcar Fire was a wildfire one mile southeast of Maupin, Oregon in the United States. The fire started on June 21, 2018 due to a lightning strike and subsequently burned 100,207 acres (406 km2) due to dry, windy conditions in Central Oregon. The fire was one of 70 wildfires started in Oregon due to lightning strikes over a two-day period. The Boxcar Fire was the largest out of three major fires burning in the region, which included the Jack Knife Fire and South Junction Fire. The fire was contained in late June.
Permission Impossible: Britain's Planners
Permission Impossible: Britain's Planners is a British fly-on-the-wall television documentary series broadcast on BBC Two, which follows local council planning officers as they deal with applications for planning permission. It is the successor to The Planners.

Permission Impossible: Britain's Planners follows the work of council planning officers in the United Kingdom, including planners from Broxbourne Borough Council, Denbighshire County Council, Cheshire West and Chester Council, Stroud District Council and Torfaen County Borough Council.

The series, which consists of eight episodes, began on 25 February 2014 and was broadcast each week-night from Tuesday to Friday on BBC Two at 7pm, over a two-week period.

Town and country planning in the United Kingdom
Town and country planning in the United Kingdom is the part of UK land law which concerns land-use planning. Its goal is to ensure sustainable economic development and a better environment. Each country of the United Kingdom has its own planning system that is responsible for town and country planning, which outside of England is devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Scottish Parliament and the Senedd.

In England and Wales, the principal piece of legislation is the Town and Country Planning Act 1990; its counterparts in Northern Ireland and Scotland are the Planning Act (Northern Ireland) 2011 and the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997 respectively. The planning system in England is under the overall control of the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government.
Saint-Saturnin-lès-Apt
Saint-Saturnin-lès-Apt (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ satyʁnɛ̃ lɛ.z‿apt], lit. "St Saturnin near Apt"; Provençal Occitan: Sant Savornin d'Ate, before 1987: Saint-Saturnin d'Apt) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France.

Apt, Vaucluse
Apt (French pronunciation: [apt]; Provençal Occitan: At / Ate in both classical and Mistralian norms) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

It lies on the left bank of the Calavon, 41 miles (66 km) east of Avignon. It is the principal town of the Luberon mountains.

The town is known for defining the Aptian age of the Early Cretaceous.
Leonardo Jardim
José Leonardo Nunes Alves Sousa Jardim (European Portuguese: [liuˈnaɾðu ʒɐɾˈðĩ]; born 1 August 1974) is a Portuguese football manager.

He started working at the professional level at the age of 35, initially with Camacha and Chaves, before winning promotion to the Primeira Liga with Beira-Mar in 2009–10. He later managed Braga, Olympiacos and Sporting CP.

Jardim joined Monaco in 2014, and led the club to its eighth Ligue 1 championship in 2016–17. After being dismissed in October 2018, he was replaced by Thierry Henry and reappointed in January 2019, before being sacked once again in December.

2012–13 Super League Greece
The 2012–13 Super League Greece was the 77th season of the highest football league of Greece and the seventh under the name Super League. The season started on 25 August 2012 and ended on 2 June 2013 with the last matches of the play-off round. Olympiacos were the defending champions, having won their 39th Greek championship in the 2011–12 season. They successfully defended their crown, finishing 15 points ahead of second-placed PAOK.

The league comprised 13 teams from the 2011–12 season and three promoted teams from the 2011–12 Football League.
Sidhwan Branch
The Sidhwan Branch is a branch of the Sirhind Canal that irrigates an area of 4.63 lakh acres in Punjab, India.: 36  It is 88.01 km long and has a discharge of 1,751 cusecs. It is a link channel under the Bhakra canals, linking the old inundation canals of Daultwah and Kingwah. The Sidhwan Branch emerges from the Sirhind canal system with a 1,727 cusec capacity. The branch was constructed in 1954 and takes from the Manpur Head to use discharge saved from the area served by Bhakra Canal and the Sirhind Feeder System for the purposes of irrigating the bet (floodplains) along the Sutlej River in Ludhiana, Moga, and Firozpur districts and passes through the city of Ludhiana.: 262  The branch was later converted from a non-perennial (from April to October) to a perennial branch.: 36  The branch suffers from pollution due to discharge of sullage water from Gill Road near Punjab Agriculture University in Ludhiana.: 264–265

Sirhind Canal
The Sirhind Canal is a large irrigation canal that carries water from the Sutlej River in Punjab state, India. It is one of the oldest and biggest irrigation works in the Indus River system, and was inaugurated in 1882 CE. The canal begins at Ropar headworks near Ropar city in Rupnagar district of Punjab.
1893 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles
Aline Terry won the singles tennis title by defeating Augusta Schultz 6–1, 6–3 in the final of the All Comers' tournament of the 1893 U.S. Women's National Singles Championship. Reigning champion Mabel Cahill did not participate and could therefore not defend her title in the challenge round. The tournament was played on outdoor grass courts and held at the Philadelphia Cricket Club in Wissahickon Heights, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia from June 20 through June 23, 1893.

Philadelphia Cricket Club
The Philadelphia Cricket Club is a country club in Pennsylvania, United States, being the oldest of its kind in the country.

The club was established in 1854 in southeastern Pennsylvania, and has two locations, one in Chestnut Hill and the other in Flourtown, north-northwest of downtown Philadelphia.

Sports practised at the club include cricket, golf, squash, swimming, tennis, platform tennis, pickleball, and padel.
Kawasaki Railcar Manufacturing
The Kawasaki Railcar Manufacturing Company (川崎車両, Kawasaki Sharyō) is the Japanese rolling stock manufacturing subsidiary of Kawasaki Heavy Industries. Since beginning operations in 1906, the company has produced more than 90,000 railroad cars.

MARC Train
The Maryland Area Rail Commuter (MARC) is a commuter rail system in the Washington–Baltimore area. MARC (reporting mark MARC) is administered by the Maryland Transit Administration (MTA) and operated under contract by Alstom and Amtrak on track owned by CSX Transportation (CSXT) and Amtrak. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 4,187,100, or about 19,300 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025, less than pre-COVID-19 pandemic weekday ridership of 40,000.

With trains on the Penn Line reaching a maximum speed of 125 miles per hour (201 km/h), MARC has the highest top speed of any commuter railroad in the United States.
December 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
December 29 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - December 31

All fixed commemorations below are observed on January 12 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For December 30th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on December 17.

Macarius, Metropolitan of Moscow
Macarius (Russian: Мака́рий, romanized: Makary; 1482 – 12 January 1563) was Metropolitan of Moscow and all Rus', the primate of the Russian Orthodox Church, from 1542 to 1563. He was the tenth metropolitan in Moscow to be appointed without the approval of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople as had been the norm.
HMS Wrentham
HMS Wrentham was one of 93 ships of the Ham-class of inshore minesweepers.

Their names were all chosen from villages ending in -ham. The minesweeper was named after Wrentham in Suffolk. In 1966 it was sold to Divecon International for conversion as North Sea Diving Service Vessel.

Ham-class minesweeper
The Ham class was a class of inshore minesweepers (IMS), known as the Type 1, of the British Royal Navy. The class was designed to operate in the shallow water of rivers and estuaries. All of the ships in the class are named for British place names that end with -"ham". The parent firm that was responsible for supervising construction was Samuel White of Cowes, Isle of Wight.
Commander-in-Chief of North Korea
The Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Democratic People's Republic of Korea (Korean: 조선민주주의인민공화국무력 총사령관) is the commander-in-chief of the Korean People's Army, the military of North Korea. The office was established on 4 July 1950 and abolished with the passing of a new constitution in 1972. Since then, the office of President of North Korea, the Chairman of the National Defence Commission and the President of the State Affairs Commission have been referred to as supreme commanders in accordance with the constitution.

As such, the only officeholder is Kim Il Sung. But the title has been bestowed on both Kim Jong Il and Kim Jong Un, and legally enforced through the offices of Chairman of the National Defense Commission and President of the State Affairs Commission respectively. All officeholders are also the General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea and Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea.

National Defense Commission (North Korea)
The National Defense Commission of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (NDC) was the highest state institution for military and national defense leadership in North Korea, which also served as the highest governing institution of the country from 1998 until 2016 when it was replaced by the State Affairs Commission.
Oreocarya crassipes
Oreocarya crassipes is a rare species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name Terlingua Creek cat's-eye. It is endemic to Brewster County, Texas, where it is known from only ten populations totaling about 5000 plants. All of the occurrences are within a ten-kilometer radius. This is a federally listed endangered species.

Brewster County, Texas
Brewster County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. It is in West Texas and its county seat (and only city) is Alpine. It is one of the nine counties that comprise the Trans-Pecos region, and borders Mexico. Brewster County is the largest county by area in the state - at 6,192 square miles (16,040 km2) it is over three times the size of the state of Delaware, and more than 500 square miles (1,300 km2) bigger than Connecticut.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,546.

The county is named for Colonel Henry Percy Brewster, a Secretary of War for the Republic of Texas.
Expedition 14
Expedition 14 was the 14th expedition to the International Space Station (ISS). Commander Michael López-Alegría, and flight engineer Mikhail Tyurin launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome on 18 September 2006, 04:09 UTC, aboard Soyuz TMA-9. They joined Thomas Reiter, who had arrived at the ISS on 6 July 2006 aboard Space Shuttle Discovery during mission STS-121.  In December 2006, Discovery mission STS-116 brought Sunita Williams to replace Reiter as the third member of Expedition 14. On 21 April 2007, López-Alegría and Tyurin returned to Earth aboard TMA-9. Landing occurred at 12:31:30 UTC.

Zvezda (ISS module)
Zvezda, also known as the Zvezda Service Module, is a module of the International Space Station (ISS). It was the third module launched to the station, and provided all of the station's life support systems, some of which are supplemented in the US Orbital Segment (USOS), as well as living quarters for two crew members. It is the structural and functional center of the Russian Orbital Segment (ROS), which is the Russian part of the ISS. Crew assemble here to deal with emergencies on the station.

The module was manufactured in the USSR by Energia, with major sub-contracting work by GKNPTs Khrunichev. Zvezda was launched on a Proton launch vehicle on 12 July 2000, and docked with the Zarya module on 26 July 2000 at 01:45 UTC. It is a descendant of the Salyut programme's.
Dark batis
The dark batis (Batis crypta) is a small passerine bird belonging to the genus Batis in the wattle-eye family, Platysteiridae. It is found in highland forest in south-west Tanzania, northern Malawi, and northern Mozambique. These birds were formerly thought to be forest batises (B. mixta) but in 2006 were described as a new species based on differences in morphology and mitochondrial DNA from those birds in northern Tanzania and Kenya.

Batis (bird)
Batis (pronounced BAT-iss) is a genus of passerine birds in the wattle-eye family. Its species are resident in Africa south of the Sahara. They were previously classed as a subfamily of the Old World flycatcher family, Muscicapidae.

They are small stout insect-eating birds, usually found in open forests or bush. The nest is a small neat cup low in a tree or bush. They hunt by flycatching, or by taking prey from the ground like a shrike.

Batis species are strikingly patterned, typically with a grey crown, black eye mask, dark back, and paler underparts, often with a coloured or black breast band and white on the throat which contrasts strongly with the black eye stripe. Male and female plumages usually differ.

The song is typically a descending triple whistle.
Laser diode rate equations
The laser diode rate equations model the electrical and optical performance of a laser diode. This system of ordinary differential equations relates the number or density of photons and charge carriers (electrons) in the device to the injection current and to device and material parameters such as carrier lifetime, photon lifetime, and the optical gain.

The rate equations may be solved by numerical integration to obtain a time-domain solution, or used to derive a set of steady state or small signal equations to help in further understanding the static and dynamic characteristics of semiconductor lasers.

The laser diode rate equations can be formulated with more or less complexity to model different aspects of laser diode behavior with varying accuracy.

Ordinary differential equation
In mathematics, an ordinary differential equation (ODE) is a differential equation (DE) dependent on only a single independent variable. As with any other DE, its unknown(s) consists of one (or more) function(s) and involves the derivatives of those functions. The term "ordinary" is used in contrast with partial differential equations (PDEs) which may be with respect to more than one independent variable, and, less commonly, in contrast with stochastic differential equations (SDEs) where the progression is random.
People with Significant Control
People with Significant Control (PSC) is a business and corporate term used in the United Kingdom to identify key people within a company. The term was introduced on 6 April 2016 as part of the Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Act 2015. Schedule 3 to the Act covers the details about maintenance of the PSC register.

Under UK law it is a legal obligation to register the names, date of birth, home and work addresses, manner of control and other details of PSC with the government via Companies House. Once the PSC's identity has been verified they will then be added to the public list, available on the Companies House website.

On 26 June 2017, the law was amended to remove an exemption for companies listed on markets such as the Alternative Investment Market, and to bring Scottish limited partnerships and Scottish general partnerships into scope.

Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Act 2015
The Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Act 2015 (c. 26), also referred to as SBEE, received royal assent in March 2015. Its contents include regulatory reform (part 2), public sector procurement (part 3) and company director disqualification issues (part 9). Its passage reflected a commitment in the Queen's Speech on 4 June 2014 to introduce legislation which would

help [to] make the United Kingdom the most attractive place to start, finance and grow a business. The bill will support small businesses by cutting bureaucracy and enabling them to access finance.
Rohingya Solidarity Organisation
The Rohingya Solidarity Organisation (RSO / 𐴀𐴝𐴌 𐴀𐴠𐴥𐴏 𐴖𐴡) is a Rohingya insurgent group and political organisation. It was founded in 1982 following a large scale military operation by the Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces). The group discontinued its armed rebellion in 1998 but rearmed shortly after the 2021 coup d'etat and is active in the ongoing Myanmar civil war where it cooperates with the Tatmadaw.

Naf River
The Naf River (Bengali: নাফ নদী Naf Nodi IPA: [naf nod̪i]; Burmese: နတ်မြစ် [naʔ mjɪʔ]; Rakhine: နတ်မြစ် [nɛ́ mràɪʔ]) is an international river marking part of the border of southeastern Bangladesh and northwestern Myanmar.
Tiger Balm Garden (Hong Kong)
Haw Par Mansion, better known for its public gardens known as Tiger Balm Garden or Aw Boon Haw Garden, was a mansion and gardens located at 15, Tai Hang Road, Tai Hang, Wan Chai District, Hong Kong. The Tiger Balm Garden was demolished for redevelopment in 2004. The Haw Par Mansion and its private garden have been preserved.

The Hong Kong Haw Par Mansion and its formerly adjoining Tiger Balm Garden were one of three Tiger Balm mansions and gardens. The others are located in Singapore (now the Haw Par Villa) and in Fujian province, where the gardens remain.

Aw Boon Haw
Aw Boon-Haw (Chinese: 胡文虎; pinyin: Hú Wénhǔ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ô͘ Bûn-hó͘; 1882–1954), OBE, was a Burmese-Chinese entrepreneur and philanthropist best known as founder of Tiger Balm. He was a son of Hakka herbalist Aw Chu-Kin, with his ancestral home in Yongding County, Fujian, China.
Manuel José
Manuel José de Jesus Silva ComM (born 9 April 1946), simply known as Manuel José (Portuguese pronunciation: [mɐnuˈɛl ʒuˈzɛ]), is a Portuguese football manager.

Some of the teams he has coached include Vitória de Guimarães, Sporting CP, Sporting de Braga, Boavista, Benfica, Al Ahly, Belenenses, and the Angola national team. He is the living coach with most games in the Primeira Liga.

He is regarded as one of the most successful club coaches in CAF competitions, having won the main African club tournament, the CAF Champions League, a record of four times and guiding his team to four consecutive CAF Champions League finals between 2005 and 2008, winning three of those finals. He has also won the CAF Super Cup in 2002, 2006, 2007 and 2009 and was the first manager to take an African team to the medal positions in the FIFA Club World Cup in 2006.

2001 CAF Champions League
The 2001 CAF Champions League was the 37th awarding of Africa's premier club football tournament prize organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), and the 5th prize under the CAF Champions League format.

In the knockout stage, was added the semifinal rounds so that the runners up as well as the winners from the group stage would progress. In the final, Al Ahly of Egypt defeated Mamelodi Sundowns of South Africa to win their third title.
Lord Loss
Lord Loss is the first novel in the Demonata series written by best-selling teenage horror author Darren Shan. It was originally published in the UK on 6 June 2005. Soon after, it appeared in Japan and America, where Shan's previous series, The Saga of Darren Shan, had sold millions. The novel is set in Ireland and is told in present tense first person through Grubbs Grady, a child whose family are all chess players.

The Saga of Darren Shan
The Saga of Darren Shan (known as Cirque Du Freak: The Saga of Darren Shan in the United States) is a young adult 12-part book series written by Darren O'Shaughnessy about the struggle of Darren Shan, a boy who has become involved in the world of vampires. As of October 2008, the book has been published in 33 countries around the world, in 30 different languages. A film based on the first three books in the series was released in theatres on 23 October 2009. Blackstone Audio has also released CD recordings of all 12 books in the series, read by Ralph Lïster. Between 2011 and 2012, a four part prequel series titled The Saga Of Larten Crepsley depicts the life of Larten Crepsley from his tale of becoming a vampire, up until to where the events of Cirque Du Freak begin.
NKX-homeodomain factor
NKX-homeodomain factors are a family of homeodomain transcription factors that are critical regulators of organ development.

Human genes that encode NKX-homeodomain factors include:

NKX1-1, NKX1-2

NKX2-1, NKX2-2, NKX2-4, NKX2-8

NKX3-1, NKX3-2

NKX6-1, NKX6-2, NKX6-3

NKX3-1
Homeobox protein Nkx-3.1, also known as NKX3-1, NKX3, BAPX2, NKX3A and NKX3.1  is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NKX3-1 gene  located on chromosome 8p. NKX3-1 is a prostatic tumor suppressor gene.

NKX3-1 is an androgen-regulated, prostate-specific homeobox gene whose expression is predominantly localized to prostate epithelium. It acts as a transcription factor that has critical function in prostate development and tumor suppression. It is a negative regulator of epithelial cell growth in prostate tissue. The NKX3-1 homeobox protein is encoded by the NKX3-1 gene.
56th Grand Bell Awards
The 56th Grand Bell Awards (Korean: 대종상 영화제; RR: Daejongsang Yeonghwajae), also known as Daejong Film Awards, is determined and presented annually by The Motion Pictures Association of Korea for excellence in film in South Korea. The Grand Bell Awards were first presented in 1962 and have gained prestige as the Korean equivalent of the American Academy Awards. The ceremony was originally scheduled to be held on February 25, 2020, but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The ceremony was held on June 3, 2020.

Grand Bell Awards
The Grand Bell Awards (Korean: 대종상 영화제; RR: Daejongsang yeonghwaje), also known as the Daejong Film Awards, are annual awards presented for excellence in film in South Korea. The Grand Bell Awards retains prestige as the oldest continuous film awards held in South Korea, and has been called the Korean equivalent of the American Academy Awards.

Since 2025, the trademark of the Grand Bell Awards officially belong to the Korea Film Planning Producers Association.