hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Novello, Piedmont
Novello is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region of Piedmont. It is located approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Turin and 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 968 and covered an area of 11.6 square kilometres (4.5 sq mi). Novello shares borders with the following municipalities: Barolo, Lequio Tanaro, Monchiero, Monforte d'Alba, and Narzole.

Cuneo
Cuneo (Italian: [ˈkuːneo] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Coni [ˈkʊni]; Occitan: Coni [ˈkuni]; French: Coni [kɔni]) is a city and comune in Piedmont, Italy, the capital of the province of Cuneo, the fourth largest of Italy's provinces by area.

It is located at an elevation of 550 metres (1,800 ft) in the south-west of Piedmont, at the confluence of the rivers Stura and Gesso.

Cuneo is bounded by the municipalities of Beinette, Borgo San Dalmazzo, Boves, Busca, Caraglio, Castelletto Stura, Centallo, Cervasca, Morozzo, Peveragno, Tarantasca and Vignolo.

It is located near six mountain passes:

Colle della Maddalena at 1,996 metres (6,549 ft)

Colle di Tenda at 1,871 metres (6,138 ft) – Tunnel of Tenda at 1,300 metres (4,300 ft), 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) long

Colle del Melogno at 1,027 metres (3,369 ft)

Colle San Bernardo at 957 metres (3,140 ft)

Colle di Nava at 934 metres (3,064 ft)

Colle di Cadibona at 459 metres (1,506 ft).
Zuzim (biblical people)
According to the Hebrew Bible, the Zuzim or Zuzites (Hebrew: זוּזִים‎, Zūzīm) were a tribe who lived in Ham, a land east of the Jordan River between Bashan and Moab. The etymology of the name is unknown, but may derive from the Hebrew zīz (זִיז‎) which roughly translates to "moving things"/"things which move" (perhaps "nomad", in this context).

According to the text, the Zuzim were conquered by an invading coalition of kings led by the Elamite King Chedorlaomer (Genesis 14:5). This is the only time in the Hebrew Bible that they are mentioned; however, because they are listed alongside the Emim, which is later described in the Book of Deuteronomy as the Moabite term for rephaim, some scholars identify the Zuzim with the Zamzummim (Deuteronomy 2:20), a tribe of the Rephaim living in the same region later occupied by the Ammonites, who were also described as coterminous with the Emim.

Emite
The Emites (/ˈɛmaɪts/ or /ˈiːmaɪts/) or Emim (Hebrew: אֵמִים‎ ʾĒmīm) was the Moabite name for Repha'im. They are described in the Book of Deuteronomy, chapter 2 as having been a powerful and populous people. They were defeated by the Moabites, who occupied their land.  The Emim are also mentioned in Genesis 14:5 and according to Rashi, the name is translated as "the dreaded ones" (Hertz 1936) and the singular Ema/Emma (Hebrew: אימה) means "horror" or "terror".

The Emims dwelt therein in times past, a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakim.— Deuteronomy 2:10
Maxime Lestienne
Maxime Christophe Lestienne (French pronunciation: [maksim lɛstjɛn]; born 17 June 1992) is a Belgian professional footballer who last played as a winger for Singapore Premier League club Lion City Sailors. He was also part of the Belgium national team after being called up in 2013 and 2019.

Lestienne is widely regarded as the greatest player in Lion City Sailors history, as well as one of the greatest players in Singapore Premier League history.

2023 Singapore Premier League
The 2023 Singapore Premier League (also known as the AIA Singapore Premier League due to sponsorship reasons) was the 6th season of the Singapore Premier League, the top-flight Singaporean professional league for association football clubs, since its rebranding in 2018.
Bréguet 850
The Bréguet 850 was a proposed twin fuselage, pressurized airliner studied by Breguet Aviation between 1941 and 1945. The project never advanced beyond wind tunnel testing, and was promptly cancelled shortly after the Liberation of France.

Twin-fuselage aircraft
A twin-fuselage aircraft has two main fuselages. It is distinct from the twin-boom configuration which has a single main fuselage with two subsidiary boom structures.

Twin fuselages have been adopted for various reasons, and a few types have entered production.
Ferrous tungstate
Ferrous tungstate (FeWO4) is an inorganic compound, a tungstate of ferrous iron. It can be synthesized from iron(III) chloride and sodium tungstate under hydrothermal conditions with the presence of L-cysteine reduces Fe3+ to Fe2+. Ferberite is composed of this compound.

Ferrous
In chemistry, iron(II) refers to the element iron in its +2 oxidation state. The adjective ferrous or the prefix ferro- is often used to specify such compounds, as in ferrous chloride for iron(II) chloride (FeCl2). The adjective ferric is used instead for iron(III) salts, containing the cation Fe3+. The word ferrous is derived from the Latin word ferrum, meaning "iron".

In ionic compounds (salts), such an atom may occur as a separate cation (positive ion) abbreviated as Fe2+, although more precise descriptions include other ligands such as water and halides. Iron(II) centres occur in coordination complexes, such as in the anion ferrocyanide, [Fe(CN)6]4−, where six cyanide ligands are bound the metal centre; or, in organometallic compounds, such as the ferrocene [Fe(C5H5)2], where two cyclopentadienyl anions are bound to the FeII centre.
Abidjan Principles on the Right to Education
The Abidjan Principles were developed by a committee of experts following a three-year consultation process to clarify the aspects of existing international human rights law that pertain to education and provide guidance on their implementation.  Adopted in 2019, they have been recognized as an authoritative interpretive text by international and regional bodies such as the United Nations Human Rights Council, the European Committee of Social Rights, the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.  Their purpose is to offer states and other actors a reference frame for addressing tensions and questions related to the involvement in education of private and commercial entities.

European Social Charter
The European Social Charter is a Council of Europe treaty which was opened for signature on 18 October 1961 and initially became effective on 26 February 1965, after West Germany had become the fifth of the 13 signing nations to ratify it. By 1991, 20 nations had ratified it.
New Zealand Nurses Organisation
The New Zealand Nurses Organisation (NZNO), Tōpūtanga Tapuhi Kaitiaki o Aotearoa is New Zealand's largest trade union and professional organisation that represents the nursing profession, midwives, hauora and caregivers.

It is one of the oldest organisations of this type in the world, tracing its lineage back to the Wellington Private Nurses Association formed in 1905.

NZNO produces an online journal, Kaitiaki Nursing New Zealand, available at www.kaitiaki.org.nz

The NZNO is affiliated with the New Zealand Council of Trade Unions, and the International Council of Nurses.  NZNO also works closely with a number of other international organisations including the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Labour Organization (ILO), UNICEF and UNESCO.

New Zealand Council of Trade Unions
The New Zealand Council of Trade Unions (NZCTU or CTU; Māori: Te Kauae Kaimahi) is a national trade union centre in New Zealand. The NZCTU represents 360,000 workers, and is the largest democratic organisation in New Zealand.
Hygroamblystegium
Hygroamblystegium is a genus of mosses belonging to the family Amblystegiaceae.

The genus was first described by Loeske.

The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

Hygroamblystegium humile

Hygroamblystegium tenax

Hygroamblystegium varium

Amblystegiaceae
Amblystegiaceae is a family of mosses. It includes 20 to 30 genera with a total of up to 150 species. They occur nearly worldwide, growing in tropical, temperate, and subpolar regions.

These mosses are small to large in size and are yellow, green, or brown in color. Some are aquatic and some terrestrial. Most occur in wet habitat types. Many occur in substrates with a basic pH, but some grow in neutral to acidic substrates.
Audi Q5
The Audi Q5 is a series of compact luxury crossover SUVs produced by the German luxury car manufacturer Audi from 2008. The original first-generation (Typ 8R) model was the third member of the B8 family to be released after the Audi A5 and fourth-generation A4, all being based on the Audi MLB platform. The second generation Q5 (Typ 80A) debuted in 2018 and shares the Audi MLB Evo platform with the corresponding B9 versions of the A4 and A5.

Multi Media Interface
The Multi Media Interface (MMI) system is an in-car user interface media system developed by Audi, and was launched at the 2001 Frankfurt Motor Show on the Audi-Avantissimo concept car. Production MMI was introduced in the second generation Audi A8 D3 in late 2002 and implemented in majority of its latest series of automobiles.
Hydrology in Practice
Hydrology in Practice is a hydrology textbook by British hydrologist Elizabeth M. Shaw. The book was originally published in 1983 by Van Nostrand Reinhold (UK) Co. Ltd. and the most recent fourth edition was published in July 2010 by CRC Press, a division of Taylor & Francis. The book has been described as both an introductory text and a resource for professionals.

Textbook
A textbook is a book containing a comprehensive compilation of content in a branch of study serving to explain the subject. Textbooks are produced to meet the needs of educators, usually at educational institutions, as well as learners (who could be independent learners outside of formal education). Schoolbooks are textbooks and other books used in schools. Today, many textbooks are published in both print and digital formats.
Maria New
Maria Iandolo New (December 11, 1928 - July 26, 2024) was a professor of Pediatrics, Genomics and Genetics at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City. She was an expert in congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), a genetic condition affecting the adrenal gland that can affect sexual development.

NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
The NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital (abbreviated as NYP) is a nonprofit academic medical center in New York City. It is the primary teaching hospital for Weill Cornell Medicine and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. The hospital includes nine campuses located throughout the New York metropolitan area. The hospital's two flagship medical centers, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Weill Cornell Medical Center, are located on opposite sides of Upper Manhattan.

As of 2022, the hospital is ranked the seventh-best hospital in the United States and second-best in the New York City metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report. The hospital has more than 6,500 affiliated physicians, 20,000 employees and operates 4,000+ beds in total. It is one of the largest hospitals in the world. NYPH annually treats about 310,000 patients in its emergency department and delivers about 15,000 babies.
Protected areas of Eswatini
Protected areas of Eswatini include any geographical area protected for a specific use inside the landlocked country of Eswatini, in southern Africa.

Within Eswatini there is a mix of national, private and community-owned protected areas. They include national parks, nature reserves, wildlife sanctuaries and game reserves.

Mlawula Nature Reserve
The Mlawula Nature Reserve is a nature reserve situated in north-eastern Eswatini. It covers approximately 165 km2 (64 sq mi) and is adjacent to Mbuluzi Game Reserve, Simunye Nature Reserve, and Hlane Royal National Park.

The Mlawula area was first proclaimed as a protected area in 1914 but was subsequently deproclaimed and subdivided into cattle ranches. The first part of Mlawula to be proclaimed as a conservation area was donated in 1978, to become Ndzindza Nature Reserve. Mlawula Estates were purchased soon after followed by the donation of Nyala Ranch.

Mlawula has a high bird diversity and over 350 species have been recorded.
Cazelle de Saint Affrique
Cazelle de Saint Affrique (Occitan: Cazelle de Sant Afric) is a soft-ripened, pungent cheese, made from pasteurized sheep's milk in the Midi-Pyrénées region of France.  It is an artisan cheese, hand-fashioned in small rounds.

The cheese derives its name from the cazelle, a stone building common in Aveyron, the area where the cheese originates.  Cazelles are used to house hay, and to shelter the local shepherds and their sheep.  The Saint Affrique portion of the name references the commune of Saint Affrique, where the cheese is processed.

The cheese is made in a manner similar to Crottin de Chavignol. At six weeks old it has a smooth, dense and slightly gummy texture. The flavor is mildly nutty, with a very clean finish. The edible rind is supple, with a slightly bitter flavor.

Crottin de Chavignol
Crottin de Chavignol (French pronunciation: [kʁɔtɛ̃ d(ə) ʃaviɲɔl] ⓘ) is a goat cheese produced in the Loire Valley. This cheese is the claim to fame for the village of Chavignol, France, which has only two hundred inhabitants.
Belmont Hill School
Belmont Hill School is an all-boys day and optional five-day boarding school in Belmont, Massachusetts, a suburb of Boston. The school enrolls approximately 470 boys in grades 7–12, separated into the Middle School (Forms I-III, or grades 7–9) and the Upper School (Forms IV-VI, or grades 10–12).

The school's rowing team has won five national championships, and its ice hockey team has produced two Olympic gold medalists and three Hobey Baker Award winners.

Student financial aid in the United States
Student financial aid in the United States is funding that is available exclusively to students attending a post-secondary educational institution in the United States. This funding is used to assist in covering the many costs incurred in pursuing post-secondary education. Financial aid is available from federal and state governments, educational institutions, and private organizations. It can be awarded through grants, loans, work-study, and scholarships. To apply for federal financial aid, students must first complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA).

The financial aid process has been criticized for its part in enrollment management, whereby students are awarded money not based on merit or need, but on the maximum the student families will pay.
Stand density index
Stand density index (SDI; also known as Reineke's Stand Density Index after its founder) is a measure of the stocking of a stand of trees based on the number of trees per unit area and diameter at breast height (DBH) of the tree of average basal area, also known as the quadratic mean diameter. It may also be defined as the degree of crowding within stocked areas, using various growing space ratios based on crown length or diameter, tree height or diameter, and spacing. Stand density index is usually well correlated with stand volume and growth, and several variable-density yield tables have been created using it. Basal area, however, is usually satisfactory as a measure of stand density index and because it is easier to calculate it is usually preferred over SDI. Stand density index is also the basis for Stand density management diagrams.

Quadratic mean diameter
In forestry, quadratic mean diameter or QMD is a measure of central tendency which is considered more appropriate than arithmetic mean for characterizing the group of trees which have been measured. For n trees, QMD is calculated using the quadratic mean formula:

where  is the diameter at breast height of the ith tree. Compared to the arithmetic mean, QMD assigns greater weight to larger trees – QMD is always greater than or equal to arithmetic mean for a given set of trees.  QMD can be used in timber cruises to estimate the standing volume of timber in a forest, because it has the practical advantage of being directly related to basal area, which in turn is directly related to volume.
QMD can also be calculated as:

where BA is stand basal area, n is the number of trees, and k is a constant based on measurement units - for BA in ft2 and QMD in inches, k=0.005454; for BA in m2 and QMD in cm, k=0.00007854.
The Santror
The Santror are the seven boys who were brought to life by using the seven seeds from seven upper worlds, by Thirumal, to the Seven Virgins through their instrumentality, according to Ayyavazhi mythology. It also represents their descendants. According to Akilathirattu Ammanai, it additionally represents one who lives with Dignity.

Santror Makkal is an alternative name for The Santror, frequently used in Akilathirattu Ammanai.

Kali Yuga
Kali Yuga (Devanagari: कलियुग), in Hinduism, is the fourth, shortest, and worst of the four yugas (world ages) in a Yuga cycle, preceded by Dvapara Yuga and followed by the next cycle's Krita (Satya) Yuga. It is believed to be the present age, which is full of conflict and sin.

According to Puranic sources, Krishna's death marked the end of Dvapara Yuga and the start of Kali Yuga, which is dated to 17/18 February 3102 BCE. Lasting for 432,000 years (1,200 divine years), Kali Yuga began 5,127 years ago and has 426,873 years left as of 2026 CE. Kali Yuga will end in the year 428,899 CE.

Near the end of Kali Yuga, when virtues are at their worst, a cataclysm and a re-establishment of dharma occur to usher in the next cycle's Krita (Satya) Yuga, prophesied to occur by Kalki.
Sallie Chisum Robert House
The Sallie Chisum Robert House is a historic house in Artesia, New Mexico. It was built with cast stone in 1908 for Sallie Chisum Robert, one of Artesia's co-founders whose uncle was the cattle baron John Chisum. Born in Texas, she married a German immigrant, William Robert, only to divorce him and become a homesteader in Artesia; she later moved to Roswell, New Mexico. The house was designed in the Dutch Colonial Revival architectural style, with a gambrel roof. It was added to New Mexico's State Register of Cultural Properties in 1977. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 2, 1984.

Dutch Colonial Revival architecture
Dutch Colonial Revival is a style of domestic architecture, primarily characterized by gambrel roofs having curved eaves along the length of the house.  Modern versions built in the early 20th century are more accurately referred to as "Dutch Colonial Revival", a subtype of the Colonial Revival style.
Admesturius
Admesturius is a genus of South American jumping spiders that was first described by María Elena Galiano in 1988. As of June 2019 it contains only three species, found only in Argentina and Chile: A. bitaeniatus, A. mariaeugeniae, and A. schajovskoyi.

Admesturius schajovskoyi
Admesturius schajovskoyi is a species of spider classified as a family of the jumping spider. The scientific name of this species was first published in 1988 by Galianol. These spiders are commonly found in Argentina and Chile.
Steynsburg Provincial Hospital
Steynsburg Hospital is a Provincial government funded hospital for the Joe Gqabi District Municipality area in Steynsburg, Eastern Cape in South Africa.

The hospital departments include Emergency department, Maternity ward, Out Patients Department, Surgical Services, Medical Services, Pharmacy, Anti-Retroviral (ARV) treatment for HIV/AIDS, Oral Health Care Provides, Physiotherapy, Laundry Services, Kitchen Services and Mortuary.

Joe Gqabi District Municipality
The Joe Gqabi District Municipality (Xhosa: uMasipala weSithili sase Joe Gqabi; Sotho: Masepala wa Setereke wa Joe Gqabi) is one of the seven districts of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The seat is Barkly East. As of 2011, the majority of its 349,768 inhabitants spoke isiXhosa.

Before 1 February 2010, it was known as the Ukhahlamba District Municipality; its name was changed in recognition of Joe Gqabi (1929–1981), an African National Congress member who was a journalist for the New Age, a member of the Umkhonto we Sizwe, and one of the Pretoria Twelve.
John Diederich Haseman
John Diederich Haseman (September 14, 1882 – May 1969) was an American zoologist, geologist, and explorer for the Carnegie Museum. He is credited with naming at least seven taxa and has at least twenty species named in his honor. The genus Hasemania is also named after him. He later became a businessman and farmer.

Franz Steindachner
Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner described hundreds of new species of fish and dozens of new amphibians and reptiles. At least seven species of reptile have been named after him.
Wifebeater (wrestler)
Matthew Prince (born July 13, 1973) is an American former professional wrestler, better known by his ring name Wifebeater. He is best known for his tenure in Combat Zone Wrestling from 1999 to 2004. He is known for his ring attire (a wifebeater and jeans) and a weed whacker that he brought to the ring with him, and sometimes used on his opponents.

CZW Tournament of Death
The Tournament of Death is an annual professional wrestling tournament organized by Combat Zone Wrestling since 2002, during which a number of wrestlers compete in various deathmatches in what are mostly single-elimination tournaments similar to World Wrestling Entertainment's King of the Ring tournament. These tournaments include the typical hardcore weapons used in deathmatch wrestling such as barbed wire, nails, thumbtacks, fire, tables, ladders, and light tubes, and are known for all their large amounts of blood loss.

Notable entrants in the Tournament of Death have included Jon Moxley, Nick Gage, Eddie Kingston, Sami Callihan, Nick Mondo, Jimmy Havoc, Ian Rotten, Ruckus, Drake Younger and Mickie Knuckles (the only female entrant to date). Many of the cards have also included non-tournament matches featuring top independent wrestlers such as Drew Gulak, Sonjay Dutt, James Ellsworth, Trent Acid, and B-Boy.
Gmina Dłutów
Gmina Dłutów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pabianice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Dłutów, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Pabianice and 26 km (16 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 100.47 square kilometres (38.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,167.

Pabianice County
Pabianice County (Polish: powiat pabianicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Pabianice, which lies 16 kilometres (10 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Konstantynów Łódzki, lying 12 km (7 mi) north of Pabianice.

The county covers an area of 490.77 square kilometres (189.5 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 119,008, out of which the population of Pabianice was 70,445, that of Konstantynów Łódzki 17,564, and the rural population was 30,999.
Sennar offensive
The paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has waged a major offensive against the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) in Sennar State, resulting in widespread violence and displacement, as part of the ongoing Sudanese civil war.

On 5 March, SAF launched a counteroffensive on the rest of RSF controlled territory in Sennar, and on the same day recaptured remaining RSF controlled areas located in the state, including Mazmoum and Al-Dali, leading to RSF withdrawal across the South Sudan border.

Sennar
Sennar (Arabic: سنار Sannār) is a city on the Blue Nile in Sudan and possibly the capital of the state of Sennar. For several centuries it was the capital of the Funj Kingdom of Sennar and until at least 2011, Sennar was the capital of Sennar State.