hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon
The men's marathon was part of the Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics program in Tokyo. It was held on 21 October 1964. 79 athletes from 41 nations entered, with 68 starting and 58 finishing. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Abebe Bikila of Ethiopia, the first man to successfully defend Olympic gold in the marathon (and, indeed, the first to win two medals of any color in Olympic marathons). Unlike in 1960, he wore shoes this time. Great Britain earned its first marathon medal since 1948 with Basil Heatley's silver; Japan took its first medal since 1936 with bronze by Kōkichi Tsuburaya.

During the medal ceremony, the national anthem of Japan was played for Bikila as the band did not know "Ethiopia, Be Happy", the country's anthem at the time.

Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics
At the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, the athletics competition included 36 events, 24 for men and 12 for women.  The women's 400 metres and women's pentathlon events were newly introduced at these Games. There were a total number of 1016 participating athletes from 82 countries.
Queen Charlotte Track
The Queen Charlotte Track is a 71 km (44 mi) long New Zealand walking track between Queen Charlotte Sound and Kenepuru Sound in the Marlborough Sounds. It extends from Meretoto / Ship Cove in the north to Anakiwa in the south.  For most parts, the track leads through native bush along the ridgeline of hills between the sounds, offering good views either side.

From early 2013 on, the Queen Charlotte Track also has become one of the New Zealand Cycle Trails, accessible for mountain bike-level riders.

Marlborough Sounds
The Marlborough Sounds (te reo Māori: Te Tauihu-o-te-Waka) are an extensive network of sea-drowned valleys at the northern end of the South Island of New Zealand. The Marlborough Sounds were created by a combination of land subsidence and rising sea levels. According to Māori mythology, the sounds are the prows of the many sunken waka of Aoraki.
Nakedbus.com
nakedbus.com was a provider of low-cost long-distance bus (coachline) transport services around New Zealand. It used concepts such as yield management and no-frills to provide low fares. The company is so-named because "we have stripped out the costs that you don’t need." It is based on British online transport models such as EasyJet and megabus.

Established in October 2006 with services out of Auckland around the North Island, nakedbus.com expanded to the South Island in February 2007.

The business was earlier owned by Hamish Nuttall and Pavlovich Services, and in May 2015 was taken over by ManaBus.com, part of Souter Holdings, owned by Brian Souter. In August 2015 both companies became part of Souter's InMotion Group of New Zealand bus and ferry companies.

ManaBus and Naked Bus ceased operation on 15 July 2018, with the bus fleets being sold to Ritchies Transport Holdings, part owner of rival coach company InterCity.

Ritchies Transport
Ritchies Transport is a New Zealand private bus operator, owned by KKR. It was established in 1972 and describes itself as "the largest privately owned bus and coach transport operator in New Zealand" with a fleet of over 1500 vehicles spread across depots nationwide. It owns a 46% stake in InterCity.
Francis B. Spinola
Francis Barretto Spinola (March 19, 1821 – April 14, 1891) was an American politician and military leader often considered to have been the first Italian American to be elected to the United States House of Representatives, serving two terms as a representative from New York from 1887 to 1891.

He also served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Society of the Cincinnati
The Society of the Cincinnati is a fraternal, hereditary society founded in 1783 to commemorate the American Revolutionary War that saw the creation of the United States. Membership is largely restricted to descendants of military officers who served in the Continental Army.

The Society has thirteen constituent societies in the United States and one in France. It was founded to perpetuate "the remembrance of this vast event" (the achievement of American Independence), "to preserve inviolate those exalted rights and liberties of human nature," and "to render permanent the cordial affection subsisting among the officers" of the Continental Army who served in the Revolutionary War.

Now in its third century, the Society promotes public interest in the Revolution through its library and museum collections, publications, and other activities. It is the oldest patriotic, hereditary society in the United States.
Pro Patrimonio
Pro Patrimonio is the national trust of Romania. It was established in 2000 with the aim of "the conservation, rescue and reactivation of cultural heritage, especially in architecture" of Romania. It has overseas branches in France, the United States, and the United Kingdom. It has a project to repair and conserve 60 wooden churches which started in 2009 with the support of the Order of Romanian Architects and Europa Nostra. The executive director of the organisation is the architect Șerban Sturdza, who developed the 60 churches project.

National trust
A national trust is an organisation dedicated to preserving the cultural heritage of a particular geographic region. Although the focus may vary by region, the principal goals are to ensure the preservation of historically significant items and conserve areas of natural beauty. They generally operate as private non-profit organisations.

The first such trust organisation, The Trustees of Reservations, originated in 1890 as a regional group serving the state of Massachusetts, USA. The first on a national level, the National Trust, was founded in England in 1895 and operates as a charitable organisation serving England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Others were later founded around the world.

In 2007 the International National Trusts Organisation was established at a gathering in New Delhi, India, with a mandate to support collaboration and best practices among national trusts and similar associations, with member organisations from over 50 countries.
1997 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1997 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 107th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887. The championship began on 4 October 1997 and ended on 2 November 1997.

Boherlahan-Dualla were the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Clonoulty-Rossmore at the quarter-final stage.

On 2 November 1997, Clonoulty-Rossmore won the championship after a 0–17 to 1–12 defeat of Mullinahone in the final at Semple Stadium. It was their third championship title overall and their first title since 1989.

1996 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1996 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 106th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887. The championship began on 21 September 1996 and ended 27 October 1996.

Nenagh Éire Óg were the defending champions, however, they failed to qualify after being defeated by Lorrha-Dorrha in the first round of the North Championship.

On 27 October 1996, Boherlahan-Dualla won the championship after a 1–16 to 2–12 defeat of Toomevara in the final at Semple Stadium. It was their 11th championship title overall and their first title since 1941. It remains their last championship triumph.
Port Elizabeth Southwest (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Port Elizabeth Southwest (Afrikaans: Port Elizabeth-Suidwes) was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1924. As the name indicates, the seat covered the southern and western suburbs of Port Elizabeth (now Gqeberha). Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

Cape Provincial Council
The Cape Provincial Council was the provincial council of the Cape Province of South Africa. It was created by the South Africa Act 1909, with effect from the formation of the Union of South Africa on 31 May 1910. The first election to the provincial council took place on 15 September 1910 (also the day of the South African general election, 1910).

The provincial council continued to exist until 1986, when its functions were transferred to a strengthened executive authority appointed by the State President. The province itself was disbanded in 1994, when the provinces were reconstructed.
Drobeta-Turnu Severin Municipal Stadium
The Drobeta-Turnu Severin Municipal Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Drobeta-Turnu Severin, Romania. The stadium holds 20,054 people all on seats and is used mostly for football matches.

In 2009 it was entirely renovated, 20,054 seats were mounted, becoming an all-seater stadium. The floodlighting system was inaugurated in 2010.

Drobeta-Turnu Severin
Drobeta-Turnu Severin (Romanian pronunciation: [droˈbeta ˈturnu seveˈrin] ⓘ), colloquially Severin, is a city in Mehedinți County, Oltenia, Romania, on the northern bank of the Danube, close to the Iron Gates. It is one of six Romanian county seats lying on the river Danube. "Drobeta" is the name of the ancient Dacian and Roman towns at the site, and the modern town of Turnu Severin received the additional name of Drobeta during Nicolae Ceaușescu's national-communist dictatorship as part of his myth-making efforts.
Turner Hill
Turner Hill is a historic estate located at 315 Topsfield Road in Ipswich, Massachusetts.  It was built for Charles Goodnough Rice and Ann Proctor Rice to a design by Boston architect William Rantoul.  Begun in 1898 and completed in 1903, the estate echoed European country estates the couple had seen in their travels.  The estate house features extensive plaster molding and detailed woodwork, notably in the reception hall, whose wildlife motifs echo those of Haddonfield Hall in Scotland.  Rice died in 1943, and the estate was sold to the Missionaries of La Salette, who established a spiritual retreat on the site.  It has since been converted into a golf club, with the main mansion house providing club facilities.  In addition to a golf course, the grounds also have a large condominium complex.

The estate was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Ipswich, Massachusetts
Ipswich is a coastal town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 13,785 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. Home to Willowdale State Forest and Sandy Point State Reservation, Ipswich includes the southern part of Plum Island. A residential community with a vibrant tourism industry, the town is famous for its clams, celebrated annually at the Ipswich Chowderfest, and for Crane Beach, a barrier beach near the Crane estate. Ipswich was incorporated as a town in 1634.
Metropolitan Green Belt
The Metropolitan Green Belt is a statutory green belt around London, England. It comprises parts of Greater London, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Kent and Surrey, parts of two of the three districts of Bedfordshire and a small area in Copthorne, Sussex. As of 2017/18, Government statistics show the planning designation covered 513,860 hectares (1,269,800 acres) of land.

Buffer zone
A buffer zone, also historically known as a march, is a neutral area that lies between two or more bodies of land; usually, between countries. Depending on the type of buffer zone, it may serve to separate regions or conjoin them.
Common types of buffer zones are demilitarized zones, border zones and certain restrictive easement zones and green belts. Such zones may be comprised by a sovereign state, forming a buffer state.

Buffer zones have various purposes, politically or otherwise. They can be set up for a multitude of reasons, such as to prevent violence, protect the environment, shield residential and commercial zones from industrial accidents or natural disasters, or even isolate prisons. Buffer zones often result in large uninhabited regions that are themselves noteworthy in many increasingly developed or crowded parts of the world that unintentionally create a de facto wildlife sanctuary.
Carrie Hiebert
Carrie Hiebert is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in the 2023 Manitoba general election. She represents the district of Morden-Winkler as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba.

Prior to being elected, Hiebert worked for Conservative MP Candice Bergen and for PC MLA Cameron Friesen.

On October 24, 2023, she was appointed as the Shadow Minister for Housing, Addictions and Homelessness.

Candice Bergen (politician)
Candice Marie Bergen Harris PC (born September 28, 1964) is a Canadian politician who served as the member of Parliament (MP) for Portage—Lisgar in Manitoba from 2008 to 2023. She served as the interim leader of the Conservative Party and the leader of the Opposition from February 2, 2022 to September 10, 2022.

Bergen was minister of State for Social Development in the Harper government and Opposition House Leader under Rona Ambrose and Andrew Scheer from 2016 until 2020. She served as deputy leader of the Conservative Party and deputy leader of the Opposition under Erin O'Toole from September 2020 to February 2022.

On September 6, 2022, she announced she would not be standing at the next federal election, and resigned her seat on February 28, 2023. The by-election to replace her in parliament was held on June 19, 2023. She was succeeded by her former campaign manager, Branden Leslie.
1992 Carolina League season
The 1992 Carolina League was a Class A-Advanced baseball season played between April 9 and September 1. Eight teams played a 140-game schedule, with the winners of each half of the season competing in the playoffs.

The Peninsula Pilots won the Carolina League championship, defeating the Lynchburg Red Sox in the final round of the playoffs.

Peninsula Pilots (minor league team)
The Peninsula Pilots was a primary name of the Minor League Baseball franchise located in Hampton, Virginia from 1963–1992. The Pilots played in the Class A Carolina League.

Today, Peninsula is home to the summer collegiate baseball team who have adopted the same Peninsula Pilots moniker and are members of the Coastal Plain League.
Goldene Peitsche
The Goldene Peitsche is a Group 3 flat horse race in Germany open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Baden-Baden over a distance of 1,200 metres (about 6 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late August or early September.

Baden-Baden
Baden-Baden (German pronunciation: [ˈbaːdn̩ ˈbaːdn̩] ⓘ) is a spa town in the state of Baden-Württemberg, south-western Germany, at the north-western border of the Black Forest mountain range on the small river Oos, ten kilometres (six miles) east of the Rhine, the border with France, and forty kilometres (twenty-five miles) north-east of Strasbourg, France.

In 2021, the town became part of the transnational UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name "Great Spa Towns of Europe", because of its famous spas and architecture that exemplifies the popularity of spa towns in Europe in the 18th through 20th centuries.
Spectral clustering
In multivariate statistics, spectral clustering techniques make use of the spectrum (eigenvalues) of the similarity matrix of the data to perform dimensionality reduction before clustering in fewer dimensions. The similarity matrix is provided as an input and consists of a quantitative assessment of the relative similarity of each pair of points in the dataset.

In application to image segmentation, spectral clustering is known as segmentation-based object categorization.

Algebraic connectivity
The algebraic connectivity (also known as Fiedler value or Fiedler eigenvalue after Miroslav Fiedler) of a graph G is the second-smallest eigenvalue (counting multiple eigenvalues separately) of the Laplacian matrix of G. This eigenvalue is greater than 0 if and only if G is a connected graph. This is a corollary to the fact that the number of times 0 appears as an eigenvalue in the Laplacian is the number of connected components in the graph. The magnitude of this value reflects how well connected the overall graph is. It has been used in analyzing the robustness and synchronizability of networks.
Education City Stadium
Education City Stadium (Arabic: إِسْتَاد المدينة التعليمية, romanized: ʾIstād al-Madīna at-Taʿlīmiyya) is a football stadium which is located in Al Rayyan, Qatar, and was built as a venue in time for the 2022 FIFA World Cup held in Qatar. The stadium is located within several university campuses at the Qatar Foundation's Education City. Following the FIFA World Cup, the stadium will retain 25,000 seats for use by university athletic teams. On 3 September 2020, the stadium hosted its first official match, played in the 2020–21 Qatar Stars League season.

The stadium is located about 7 km north-west of Doha.

Education City
Education City is an educational and research hub located in Al Rayyan Municipality in the Doha Metropolitan Area of Qatar. Developed by the Qatar Foundation, it was established by Moza bint Nasser, one of the consorts of Qatar's former ruler Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani and the current ruler's mother, to advance education, research, and innovation in the region. Spanning 12 square kilometres (4.6 sq mi), the property houses various educational facilities, including satellite campuses of eight international universities.
Splash (otter)
Splash is an Asian small-clawed otter trained in search and rescue techniques. With an otter's ability to detect scents underwater, he has been used by the Martin County's Sheriff Office to dive and find unrecovered bodies in Florida waterways. According to several news sources, Splash was the first otter in the United States trained in search and rescue.

Asian small-clawed otter
The Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus), also called oriental small-clawed otter and small-clawed otter, is an otter species native to South and Southeast Asia. It has short claws that do not extend beyond the pads of its webbed digits. With a total body length of 730 to 960 mm (28.6 to 37.6 in), and a maximum weight of 3.5 kg (7.7 lb), it is the smallest otter species.

The Asian small-clawed otter lives in riverine habitats, freshwater wetlands and mangrove swamps. It feeds on molluscs, crabs and other small aquatic animals. It lives in pairs, but also has been observed in family groups with up to 12 individuals.
It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, and is threatened by habitat loss, pollution, and in some areas also by hunting.
Chestnut-collared longspur
The chestnut-collared longspur (Calcarius ornatus) is a species of bird in the family Calcariidae. Like the other longspurs, it is a small ground-feeding bird that primarily eats seeds. It breeds in prairie habitats in Canada and the northern United States and winters to the south in the United States and Mexico.

Longspur
The longspurs, genus Calcarius, are a group of birds in the family Calcariidae. The name refers to the long claw on the hind toe of each foot. The genus formerly included the thick-billed longspur, Rhyncophanes mccownii, which is now placed in a separate genus.
Maidenhall, Luton
Maidenhall is a district of Luton, Bedfordshire, England, north of the town centre and Bury Park, centred on Maidenhall Road, according to a limited number of sources. It is referenced on bus timetables and in one newspaper article. Maidenhall is not mentioned in the final revision of The Story of Luton, which is considered to be the definitive history of the town.

The area is roughly bounded by the Midland Main Line to the north, Hatters Way to the south, Roman Road, Beechwood Road, Waller Avenue and Chaul End Lane to the west, and Highfield Road and Claremont Road to the east.

The area contains a mix of residential, industrial and commercial premises.

Bury Park
Bury Park is an area of Luton, Bedfordshire, England. It is located 1 mile north west of the town centre on the A505 road to Dunstable. The area is roughly bounded by Claremont Road and Highfield Road to the north, Telford Way to the south, Hatters Way to the west, and the Midland Main Line to the east.

Since the mid-1970s a large Muslim community have settled. Bury Park has a large commercial area specialising in fruit, vegetables, tech shops and all cultural clothing. There is a significant number of restaurants in the area, particularly serving Halal food.

Kenilworth Road, the home of Luton Town F.C. is also located here.
2006 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup squads
The 2006 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was an international beach soccer tournament held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 2 November until 12 November 2006. The 16 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 12 players; only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament.

2006 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup
The 2006 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the second edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, governed by FIFA. Overall, this was the 12th edition of a world cup in beach soccer since the establishment of the Beach Soccer World Championships which ran from 1995–2004 but was not governed by FIFA. It took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2–12 November 2006.

The winners of the tournament were hosts Brazil, who won their first FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup title and their tenth world title overall.
Signetics 2650
The Signetics 2650 was an 8-bit microprocessor introduced in July 1975. According to Adam Osborne's book An Introduction to Microprocessors Vol 2: Some Real Products, it was "the most minicomputer-like" of the microprocessors available at the time.  A combination of missing features and odd memory access limited its appeal, and the system saw little use in the market.

Addressing mode
Addressing modes are an aspect of the instruction set architecture in most central processing unit (CPU) designs. Addressing modes define how the machine language instructions in that architecture identify the operand(s) of each instruction. An addressing mode specifies how to calculate the effective memory address of an operand by using information held in registers and/or constants contained within a machine instruction or elsewhere.

In computer programming, addressing modes are primarily of interest to those who write in assembly languages and to compiler writers.  For a related concept see orthogonal instruction set which deals with the ability of any instruction to use any addressing mode.
Byas-Sheya
Byas-Sheya (Russian: Бясь-Шея; Yakut: Бэс Сиэйэ, Bes Sieye) is a rural locality (a selo) in Sheinsky Rural Okrug of Suntarsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 111 kilometers (69 mi) from Suntar, the administrative center of the district and 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) from Sheya, the administrative center of the rural okrug. As of the 2002 Census, it had no recorded population.

Suntar (rural locality)
Suntar (Russian: Сунта́р; Yakut: Сунтаар, Suntaar) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Suntarsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the Vilyuy River. Population:  10,034 (2010 Census); 8,930 (2002 Census); 6,707 (1989 Soviet census).