hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Quassia amara
Quassia amara, also known as amargo, bitter-ash, bitterwood, or hombre grande (spanish for big man) is a species in the genus Quassia, with some botanists treating it as the sole species in the genus. The genus was named by Carl Linnaeus who named it after the first botanist to describe it: the Surinamese freedman Graman Quassi.
Q. amara is used as insecticide, in traditional medicine and as additive in the food industry.

Colorado potato beetle
The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata; also known as the Colorado beetle, the ten-striped spearman, the ten-lined potato beetle, and the potato bug) is a beetle known for being a major pest of potato crops. It is about 10 mm (3⁄8 in) long, with a bright yellow/orange body and five bold brown stripes along the length of each of its wings. Native to the Rocky Mountains, it spread rapidly in potato crops across the United States and then Europe from 1859 onwards.

The Colorado potato beetle was first observed in 1811 by Thomas Nuttall and was formally described in 1824 by American entomologist Thomas Say. The beetles were collected in the Rocky Mountains, where they were feeding on the buffalo bur, Solanum rostratum.
Frigate navy
Frigate navy is a term describing a nation state's navy that is made of mostly frigates or destroyers as a major combat force.  This navy would thus be lacking large vessels such as cruisers, a significant number of effective submarines, or aircraft carriers, but it would also be more effective and deployable than a navy that just maintains corvettes or gunboats. An example of a "gunboat navy" was the United States Navy in the administration of Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809), who wanted to avoid getting involved in the Anglo-French wars by creating a frigate navy.

A frigate navy can be a green water navy or a brown water navy, depending on how logistics are structured.  The Royal Netherlands Navy is an example of a frigate navy, as was the U.S. Navy in the War of 1812.

Brown-water navy
A brown-water navy or riverine navy, in the broadest sense, is a naval force capable of military operations in inland waters (rivers, lakes and inland seas) and nearshores. The term originated in the United States Navy during the American Civil War, when it referred to Union forces patrolling the muddy Mississippi River, and has since been used to describe the small gunboats and patrol boats commonly used in rivers, along with the larger "mother ships" that supported them.

Brown-water navies are typically only used for patrolling and enforcing internal waters, in contrast to blue-water navies, which can independently conduct operations in the open oceans and project power far offshore. Green-water navies, which operate mainly in brackish estuaries, bays and shallow seas not too far off coasts (typically within the bounds of exclusive economic zones), fill the operational gap between brown-water and blue-water navies.
2008 Miami Hurricanes baseball team
The 2008 Miami Hurricanes baseball team represented the University of Miami in the 2008 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Hurricanes played their home games at Mark Light Field. The team was coached by Jim Morris in his fifteenth season at Miami.  Playing in the Atlantic Coast Conference's Coastal Division, they finished in first place in their division with a record of 23–5, 53–11 overall.

The Hurricanes reached the College World Series, where they finished tied for fifth after dropping an opening round game against eventual runner-up Georgia, defeating Florida State, and being eliminated by semifinalist Stanford.

2008 Stanford Cardinal baseball team
The 2008 Stanford Cardinal baseball team represented Stanford University in the 2008 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Cardinal played their home games at Sunken Diamond. The team was coached by Mark Marquess in his 32nd year at Stanford.

The Cardinal won the Palo Alto Regional and the Fullerton Super Regional to advanced to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the Georgia Bulldogs.
HMS Snipe (U20)
HMS Snipe was a modified Black Swan-class sloop of the Royal Navy. She was laid down by William Denny and Brothers, Dumbarton on 21 September 1944, launched on 20 December 1945 and commissioned on 9 September 1946, with the pennant number U20.

Black Swan-class sloop
The Black Swan class and Modified Black Swan class were two classes of sloop of the Royal Navy and Royal Indian Navy.  Twelve Black Swans were launched between 1939 and 1943, including four for the Royal Indian Navy; twenty-five Modified Black Swans were launched between 1942 and 1945, including two for the Royal Indian Navy; several other ships were cancelled.
Queensland Rugby League Northern Division
The Northern Division of the Queensland Rugby League is responsible for administering the game of rugby league in North Queensland, specifically in the area from Sarina in the south to Cape York and the Torres Strait Islands in the north and west to Mount Isa as well as into the Gulf Communities. There are over 8000 registered players across 36 senior clubs and 39 junior clubs in this division. 
The Northern Division is responsible for the historic Foley Shield competition that is held each year. Mid West and Mount Isa play in the Toyota Outback Carnival.

Sarina, Queensland
Sarina /səˈriːnə/ is a rural town and coastal locality in the Mackay Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Sarina had a population of 5,619. Before being renamed Sarina in 1907, the early township had been called Plane Creek. It is situated on land that was traditionally occupied by the Yuwi people, who spoke Yuwibara language.
Żuków, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Żuków [ˈʐukuf] (German: Suckow an der Plöne) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przelewice, within Pyrzyce County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north of Przelewice, 15 km (9 mi) east of Pyrzyce, and 46 km (29 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Przelewice, Pyrzyce County
Przelewice [pʂɛlɛˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in Pyrzyce County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Przelewice. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) east of Pyrzyce and 48 km (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The village has a population of 770.

Landmarks of Przelewice are the Dendrological Garden in Przelewice with the palace and the medieval Regina Mundi church.
Oregon's 10th House district
District 10 of the Oregon House of Representatives is one of 60 House legislative districts in the state of Oregon. As of 2021, the boundary for the district includes the entirety of Lincoln County and portions of Polk and Lane counties and is centered around Newport and Lincoln City on the central Oregon Coast. The current representative for the district is Democrat David Gomberg of Neotsu.

Lincoln County, Oregon
Lincoln County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, its population was 50,395. The county seat is Newport. The county is named for Abraham Lincoln, 16th president of the United States.

Lincoln County includes the Newport, Oregon Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Outline of Uttar Pradesh
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Uttar Pradesh:

Uttar Pradesh – most populous state in the Republic of India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was created on 1 April 1937 as the United Provinces during British rule, and was renamed Uttar Pradesh in 1950. Lucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh. Ghaziabad, Meerut, Muzaffarnagar, Kanpur, Gorakhpur, Allahabad, Raebareli, Moradabad, Bareilly, Aligarh, Sonbhadra, and Varanasi are known for their industrial importance in the state. On 9 November 2000, a new state, Uttarakhand, was carved out from the Himalayan hill region of Uttar Pradesh. The state in the northern region of the Indian subcontinent has over 200 million inhabitants.

Education in Uttar Pradesh
Education in Uttar Pradesh comprises the primary, secondary, and higher education systems serving the residents of India's most populous state, home to over 240 million people, and the enrollment in the elementary education rate at of 95%. Uttar Pradesh hosts premier institutions such as the Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) in Kanpur and Varanasi (BHU), Banaras Hindu University, and Aligarh Muslim University, which contribute significantly to technical and higher education.
Naval Battle of Hakodate
The Naval Battle of Hakodate (函館湾海戦, Hakodatewan Kaisen) was fought from 4 to 10 May 1869, between the remnants of the Tokugawa shogunate navy, consolidated into the armed forces of the rebel Ezo Republic, and the newly formed Imperial Japanese Navy. It was one of the last stages of Battle of Hakodate during the Boshin War, and occurred near Hakodate in the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido.

Republic of Ezo
The Republic of Ezo (蝦夷共和國, Ezo Kyōwakoku) was a short-lived separatist state established in 1869 on the island of Ezo, now Hokkaido, by a part of the former military of the Tokugawa shogunate at the end of the Bakumatsu period in Japan. It was the first government to attempt to institute democracy in Japan, though voting was allowed only to the samurai caste. The Republic of Ezo existed for five months before being annexed by the newly established Empire of Japan.
1988 Winston 500
The 1988 Winston 500 was the ninth stock car race of the 1988 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 19th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, May 1, 1988, before an audience of 135,000 in Lincoln, Alabama at Talladega Superspeedway, a 2.66 miles (4.28 km) permanent triangle-shaped superspeedway. The race took the scheduled 188 laps to complete. In the closing laps of the race, Jackson Brothers Motorsports driver Phil Parsons would fiercely defend the field en route to his first and only career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his only victory of the season. To fill out the podium, Stavola Brothers Racing driver Bobby Allison and Hendrick Motorsports driver Geoff Bodine would finish second and third, respectively.

Jack Link's 500
The Jack Link's 500 is a NASCAR Cup Series stock car race held at the Talladega Superspeedway in Lincoln, Alabama. The race is usually held in April or May. The 1997 event stands as the fastest NASCAR race to date ever run with an average speed of 188.354 miles per hour (303.126 km/h) and was the first race at Talladega Superspeedway that was not interrupted by a caution period.

The race was known as the second leg of the sport's Grand Slam races from 1970 until the result of Ferko lawsuit in 2004. The race was also previously part of the Winston Million. Austin Cindric is the defending winner of the race, having won it in 2025.
Alfred Hauptmann
Alfred Hauptmann (August 29, 1881, in Gleiwitz, Upper Silesia – April 5, 1948, in Boston, Massachusetts) was a German-Jewish psychiatrist and neurologist.

His most important contribution remained the article written in 1912 on the effectiveness of the phenobarbital as an anti-epileptic. After his emigration, he and the internist Siegfried Thannhauser, who had also emigrated, described an autosomal dominant inherited myopathy for the first time in 1941, which is now known as Hauptmann-Thannhauser muscular dystrophy.

JAMA Neurology
JAMA Neurology is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by the American Medical Association. It was established in 1960 as Archives of Neurology and obtained its current name in 2013. The journal publishes research on the nervous system as well as the various mechanisms of neurological disease. Its editor-in-chief is S. Andrew Josephson.
The Inalienable Dreamless
The Inalienable Dreamless is the third and final studio album by grindcore band Discordance Axis, released on May 23, 2000, through Hydra Head Records. It has since become one of the most acclaimed grindcore albums of all time. The album, along with its production history, was made the subject of the 2012 book Compiling Autumn: The Making of Discordance Axis' "The Inalienable Dreamless", a limited edition paperback that was released to aid the Japanese Red Cross Society. The album was repressed on black and blue vinyl for Record Store Day in 2011.

Many of the tracks refer to elements from the anime/manga franchise Neon Genesis Evangelion, including "Angel Present", "Pattern Blue", "The End of Rebirth", and "The Third Children".

Decibel (magazine)
Decibel is a monthly heavy metal magazine published by the Philadelphia-based Red Flag Media since September 2004. It is currently the only monthly metal music magazine published in North America. Its sections include Upfront, Features, Reviews, Guest Columns and the Decibel Hall of Fame. The magazine's tag-line is currently "Extremely Extreme" (previously "The New Noise"); the editor-in-chief is Albert Mudrian.
Wang Yizhu
Wang Yizhu (simplified Chinese: 王以铸; traditional Chinese: 王以鑄; pinyin: Wāng Yǐzhù;  1925 – 18 June 2019) was a Chinese translator and scholar. Wang masters Chinese, classical Greek, Latin, English, French, German, Japanese, Russian, Spanish and Hebrew. In the Chinese academic society, he was accounted as the only scholar who has the ability to talk with Qian Zhongshu in different languages.

Qian Zhongshu
Qian Zhongshu (November 21, 1910 – December 19, 1998), also transliterated as Ch'ien Chung-shu  or Dzien Tsoong-su, was a Chinese literary scholar and writer. He was known for his satirical novel Fortress Besieged; his erudite, rarefied nonfiction, distinguished by extensive, polyglot references to Chinese and Western history and literature; and his role in translating Mao Zedong’s writings into English.
2005 Time Warner Cable Road Runner 225
The 2005 Time Warner Cable Road Runner 225 was the third round of the 2005 Bridgestone Presents the Champ Car World Series Powered by Ford season, held on June 4, 2005 at the Milwaukee Mile in West Allis, Wisconsin.  Jimmy Vasser was the pole sitter while Paul Tracy won the race.  Vasser's pole position was the ninth and final of his career.

IndyCar Series at the Milwaukee Mile
The Milwaukee Mile in West Allis, Wisconsin has hosted American open-wheel car racing events dating back to 1937. The AAA Contest Board, USAC, CART, Champ Car World Series, and the IndyCar Series have all sanctioned races at the facility. The Milwaukee Mile has a long history of Championship/Indy car racing, and for many years, traditionally held a race the weekend after the Indianapolis 500.

The NTT IndyCar Series first held events at Milwaukee from 2004 to 2009, and again from 2011 to 2015. After an eight-year hiatus, the IndyCar Series returned for a doubleheader in 2024. The race is currently known as the Snap-on Milwaukee Mile 250.
Elvy Olsson
Elvy Olsson (1923-2022) was a Swedish politician of the Centre Party.

She was MP of the Parliament of Sweden in 1964–1980.

She served as Minister for Housing in 1976–1979.

She served as County Governor of Örebro County in 1980-1989.

Minister for Housing (Sweden)
The Minister for Housing (Swedish: Bostadsminister) is a cabinet minister within the Swedish Government and appointed by the Prime Minister of Sweden.

The minister is responsible for issues regarding housing and constructing new houses and apartments. The current minister for housing is Andreas Carlson, appointed on 18 October 2022.

Between 1974 and 1991, there was a ministry called the Ministry of Housing. The minister for housing was the head of the Ministry of Housing. In 1991, the ministry was dissolved and the position was abolished. In 1994, the position was reinstated and a cabinet minister was given the responsibility for housing issues. Since 1994, there has always been a cabinet minister with responsibility for housing issues. Ministers for housing have all worked in different ministries. ”Statsråd med ansvar över bostadsfrågor” means Councillor of State with responsibility for issues regarding housing'.
P-adic cohomology
In mathematics, p-adic cohomology means a cohomology theory for varieties of characteristic p whose values are modules over a ring of p-adic integers. Examples (in roughly historical order) include:

Serre's Witt vector cohomology

Monsky–Washnitzer cohomology

Infinitesimal cohomology

Crystalline cohomology

Rigid cohomology

Prismatic cohomology

Habiro cohomology

Infinitesimal cohomology
In mathematics, infinitesimal cohomology is a cohomology theory for algebraic varieties introduced by Grothendieck (1966). In characteristic 0 it is essentially the same as crystalline cohomology. In nonzero characteristic p Ogus (1975) showed that it is closely related to etale cohomology with mod p coefficients, a theory known to have undesirable properties.
Axel F
"Axel F" is an electronic instrumental track by German musician Harold Faltermeyer. The track served as the theme tune for the film Beverly Hills Cop, its eponymous character, and the film franchise it is based on, and became an international number one hit in 1985. The single was released in 1984 by MCA Records and reached number one in Ireland as well as on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart. Additionally, it was a number-two hit in Belgium, Canada, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and West Germany.

In addition to the Beverly Hills Cop soundtrack, the track also appears on Faltermeyer's own album Harold F. as a bonus track. Its music video was directed by Faltermeyer himself.

Jamba!
Jamba (formerly Jamba!) is a German company that created and marketed ringtones for mobile phones. It operated under the name Jamster in Australia, New Zealand, China, Armenia, Georgia, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Oman, France, Kuwait, Turkey, Switzerland, Kazakhstan, Austria, Brazil, Israel, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, the United States, Puerto Rico, Canada, Sweden, Iraq, Poland, Malaysia, Indonesia and Russia. They are very well known for their many ringtone characters including Crazy Frog, Gummibär, Holly Dolly, René la Taupe, Schnuffel Bunny, and Psycho Teddy.
Salibacterium lacus
Salibacterium lacus is a Gram-positive, strictly aerobic, halophilic, non-spore-former and motile bacterium from the genus of Salibacterium which has been isolated from sediments from the Lake Yuncheng in China.

Salibacterium
Salibacterium is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria from the family Bacillaceae. The type species is Salibacterium halotolerans.

Salibacterium aidingense and Salibacterium salarium were previously species belonging to Bacillus, a genus that has been recognized as displaying extensive polyphyly and has been restricted by recent phylogenetic studies to only include species closely related to Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus.

The name Salibacterium is derived from the prefix "-sali" (from the Latin noun  sal/salis, which translates to "salt"), and the suffix "-bacterium" (from the Latin noun bacterium, referring to a rod). Together, Salibacterium translates to a rod from salt.
Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is used in imaging to characterize image quality.  The sensitivity of a (digital or film) imaging system is typically described in the terms of the signal level that yields a threshold level of SNR.

Industry standards define sensitivity in terms of the ISO film speed equivalent, using SNR thresholds (at average scene luminance) of 40:1 for "excellent" image quality and 10:1 for "acceptable" image quality.

SNR is sometimes quantified in decibels (dB) of signal power relative to noise power, though in the imaging field the concept of "power" is sometimes taken to be the power of a voltage signal proportional to optical power; so a 20 dB SNR may mean either 10:1 or 100:1 optical power, depending on which definition is in use.

Power (physics)
Power is the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time. In the International System of Units, the unit of power is the watt (symbol W), equal to one joule per second (J/s). Power is a scalar quantity.

The output power of a motor is the product of the torque that the motor generates and the angular velocity of its output shaft.  Likewise, the power dissipated in an electrical element of a circuit is the product of the current flowing through the element and of the voltage across the element.
Al Hoceima National Park
Al Hoceima National Park (Arabic: المنتزه الوطني للحسيمة, Tarifit: Afrag Anamur n Lhusima) is a national park located outside the town of Al Hoceima in Morocco. It covers an area of 480 km2 (185 sq mi), including 196 km2 (76 sq mi) of sea. The park was created in 2004 and is managed by the Haut-Commissariat des eaux et forêts et de la lutte contre la désertification.

Al Hoceima
Al Hoceima (Arabic: الحسيمة, romanized: al-Ḥusayma) is a city in the north of Morocco, on the northern edge of the Rif Mountains and on the Mediterranean coast. It is the capital city of the Al Hoceima Province. The city is a known tourist destination despite its small size. It has a population of about 50,225 (2024 census).

Al Hoceima is distinguished by its pristine sandy beaches such as Cala Iris, Bades, Quemado, and Tala Youssef, as well as its mountainous rocky terrain.
Pars plicata
The pars plicata (also known as corona ciliaris ) (Latin: folded portion) is the folded and most anterior portion of the ciliary body of an eye.  The ciliary body is a part of the uvea, one of the three layers that comprise the eye.  The pars plicata is located anterior to the pars plana portion of the ciliary body, and posterior to the iris.  The lens zonules that are used to control accommodation are attached to the pars plana.

The pars plicata is the portion of the ciliary body that is responsible for producing aqueous humor, the fluid of the anterior chamber.  The production of too much aqueous humor, or reabsorption that occurs too slowly, can lead to increases in the pressure within the eye.

Anterior chamber of eyeball
The anterior chamber (AC) is the aqueous humor-filled space inside the eye between the iris and the cornea's innermost surface, the endothelium. Hyphema, anterior uveitis and glaucoma are three main pathologies in this area. In hyphema, blood fills the anterior chamber as a result of a hemorrhage, most commonly after a blunt eye injury. Anterior uveitis is an inflammatory process affecting the iris and ciliary body, with resulting inflammatory signs in the anterior chamber. In glaucoma, blockage of the trabecular meshwork prevents the normal outflow of aqueous humour, resulting in increased intraocular pressure, progressive damage to the optic nerve head, and eventually blindness.

The depth of the anterior chamber of the eye varies between 1.5 and 4.0 mm, averaging 3.0 mm. It tends to become shallower at older age and in eyes with hypermetropia (far sightedness). As depth decreases below 2.5 mm, the risk for angle closure glaucoma increases.
South Boulevard station
South Boulevard, (shortened to South Blvd) is a station on the Chicago Transit Authority's 'L' system, on the Purple Line at 602 South Boulevard in Evanston, Illinois (directional coordinates 525 north, 500 west).

In 1931, the old Calvary station was replaced by South Boulevard and it was opened on July 1, 1931. Designed by Arthur Gerber, South Boulevard consists of a winding central platform to the shape of the street that overlooks. It is now very similar to the original station, only catenary maintained by steel arches disappeared in 1973 during the installation of an electric rail to the ground while the lighting was renewed in 1998. For the rest, except for renovation from 2004 to 2005, the structure has not changed.

Chicago Transit Authority bus services
Chicago Transit Authority bus services are provided throughout Chicago, Illinois and the surrounding suburbs, operated by the Chicago Transit Authority (CTA). As of January 2025, the CTA has 1,966 buses that operate 127 routes. In 2024, the CTA bus system had a ridership of 181,733,800, or about 594,700 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.