hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Life Studies
Life Studies is the fourth book of poems by Robert Lowell. Most critics (including Helen Vendler, Steven Gould Axelrod, Adam Kirsch, and others) consider it one of Lowell's most important books, and the Academy of American Poets named it one of their Groundbreaking Books. Helen Vendler called Life Studies Lowell's "most original book."
It won the National Book Award for Poetry in 1960.

Helen Vendler
Helen Vendler (née Hennessy; April 30, 1933 – April 23, 2024) was an American academic, writer and literary critic. She was a professor of English language and history at Boston University, Cornell, Harvard, and other universities.

Her academic focus was critical analysis of poetry and she studied poets from Shakespeare and George Herbert to modern poets such as Wallace Stevens and Seamus Heaney. Her technique was close reading, which she described as "reading from the point of view of a writer".

Vendler reviewed poetry regularly for periodicals including The New Yorker and The New York Review of Books. She was also a regular judge for the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize and so was influential in determining writers' reputation and success.
Matty Blythe
Matty Blythe (born 20 November 1988) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s. He played at club level in the Super League for the Warrington Wolves (two spells) and the Bradford Bulls, and in the Championship for the Leigh Centurions (loan), the Bradford Bulls, and the Rochdale Hornets (dual registration), as a wing, centre, second-row or loose forward.

Batley Bulldogs
The Batley Bulldogs are an English professional rugby league club in Batley, West Yorkshire, who play in the Championship. Batley were one of the original twenty-two rugby football clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895. They were League Champions in 1924 and have won three Challenge Cups.
Workplace exposure monitoring
Workplace exposure monitoring is the monitoring of substances in a workplace that are chemical or biological hazards.  It is performed in the context of workplace exposure assessment and risk assessment.  Exposure monitoring analyzes hazardous substances in the air or on surfaces of a workplace, and is complementary to biomonitoring, which instead analyzes toxicants or their effects within workers.

A wide array of methods and instrumentation are used in workplace exposure monitoring.  Direct-read instruments give immediate data, and include colorimetric indicators such as gas detector tubes, and electronic devices such as gas monitors and aerosol particle counters.  In addition, samples may be collected and sent to a laboratory for slower but often more thorough analysis.

Particle counter
A particle counter is used for monitoring and diagnosing particle contamination within specific clean media, including air, water, and chemicals. Particle counters are used to support clean manufacturing practices in a variety of industrial applications. Clean manufacturing is required for the production of many electronic components and assemblies, pharmaceutical drug products and medical devices, and industrial technologies such as oil and gas.
Big 12 Network
The Big 12 Network (stylized as the Big XII Network) was a syndicated package featuring live broadcasts of College basketball events from the Big 12 Conference that was broadcast under that branding from 2008 until 2014. It was owned and operated by ESPN Plus, the syndication arm of ESPN, Inc., and was mainly shown in areas in the Big 12’s geographical footprint, along with other areas of the United States. Games were shown locally on broadcast stations, regional sports networks, as well as on ESPN Full Court, and WatchESPN.

ESPN Full Court
ESPN Full Court was an out-of-market sports package in the United States that carried college basketball games. The package consisted of about 150 games annually, from the season tipoff in November to the first two rounds of the NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship in mid- to late-March. The suggested retail price was $109 for the entire season, $75 for a half-season (only available in late January), and $19.95 for a single day.  The season package was renewable.  Full-season packages were not available for the online version.

On August 28, 2015, the channel was replaced by ESPN College Extra and the package was much less promoted or available than it has been in the past with the drawing down of pay-per-view to select special events; all of Full Court's events are available through WatchESPN via various ESPN3 streams without cost through TV Everywhere authentication.
Paku Alam VIII
Prince Paku Alam VIII, 8th Duke of Pakualaman (10 April 1910 – 11 September 1998) was Duke of Pakualaman serving as the second Governor of Yogyakarta. He was the son of Paku Alam VII and Gusti Bendara Raden Ayu Retno Poewoso. His child's name was Gusti Raden Mas Harya Sularso Kunto Suratno and his adult name was Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Arya Prabu.

He acceded to the throne of the Duchy of Pakualaman (Kadipaten Pakualaman) on 12 April 1937 with the official name Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Arya Paku Alam VIII. The Pakualaman dates from 1812 and is an enclave within the Yogyakarta Sultanate.

He died in office in 1998 and was buried in the family graveyard at Girigondo.

Paku Alam VIII was a major figure in the independence struggle. His contribution, together with that of Hamengkubuwono IX, led to Yogyakarta gaining status as a Special Region where the Sultan and the Prince serve respectively as governor and vice-governor for life.

Star of Mahaputera
Star of Mahaputera (Indonesian: Bintang Mahaputera) is the second highest honorary award awarded by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia, one level below the Star of the Republic of Indonesia. This honorary award was officially established in 1959.

The star is given to those who extraordinarily maintain the integrity, continuity and glory of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. The President of the Republic of Indonesia bestows the star, and subsequently he or she, as well as the Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia, are automatically awarded the highest star, the "Bintang Mahaputera Adipurna".
2013 Asian Junior Badminton Championships – Mixed doubles
The Mixed Doubles tournament of the 2013 Asian Junior Badminton Championships was held from July 10–14 in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. The defending champion of in this event were Choi Sol-kyu and Chae Yoo-jung of South Korea. Choi and Chae successfully claim the title back to back after beating Chinese pair, the second seeded Liu Yuchen and Huang Dongping in the finals with the score 21–11, 19–21, 21–13.

2013 Asian Junior Badminton Championships
The 2013 Asian Junior Badminton Championships is an Asia continental junior championships to crown the best U-19 badminton players across Asia. It was held in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia from 7–14 July 2013.
Miketz
Miketz or Mikeitz (מִקֵּץ‎—Hebrew for "at the end," the second word and first distinctive word of the parashah) is the tenth weekly Torah portion (פָּרָשָׁה‎, parashah) in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. It constitutes Genesis 41:1–44:17. The parashah tells of Joseph's interpretation of Pharaoh's dreams, Joseph's rise to power in Egypt, and Joseph's testing of his brothers.

The parashah has the most letters (although not the most words or verses) of any of the weekly Torah portions in the Book of Genesis. It is made up of 7,914 Hebrew letters, 2,022 Hebrew words, 146 verses, and 255 lines in a Torah Scroll (סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה‎, Sefer Torah). (In the Book of Genesis, Parashat Vayeira has the most words, and Parashiyot Noach and Vayishlach have the most verses.) Jews read Parashat Miketz on the tenth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in December, or rarely in late November or early January, usually during Chanukah.

Hiyya the Great
Hiyya, or Hiyya the Great, (ca. 180–230 CE; Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: חייא, romanized: Ḥiyyā) was one of the Chazal or Rabbinical Jewish sages in the Land of Israel during the transitional generation between the Tannaic and Amoraic eras. Active in Tiberias, Hiyya was the primary compiler of the Tosefta. His full name was Hiyya bar Abba, also the name of the third generation amora Hiyya bar Abba. He was a student of Judah ha-Nasi and the uncle and teacher of Abba Arikha.
UFC Fight Night: Ankalaev vs. Walker 2
UFC Fight Night: Ankalaev vs. Walker 2 (also known as UFC Fight Night 234, UFC on ESPN+ 92 and UFC Vegas 84) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on January 13, 2024, at the UFC Apex facility, in Enterprise, Nevada, part of the Las Vegas Metropolitan Area, United States.

Legacy Fighting Alliance
The Legacy Fighting Alliance (LFA) is an American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion company based in Houston, Texas. It was created as a result of the Legacy Fighting Championship and Resurrection Fighting Alliance merger in 2016.
Wakasa Line
The Wakasa Line (若桜線, Wakasa-sen) is a Japanese railway line in Tottori Prefecture operated by the third-sector operating company Wakasa Railway (若桜鉄道, Wakasa Tetsudō). The line connects Kōge Station in Yazu with Wakasa Station in Wakasa. It is the only railway line operated by Wakasa Railway. The third-sector company took over operations of the former West Japan Railway Company (JR West) line in 1987.

Third-sector railway
In Japan, third-sector railways (第三セクター鉄道, dai-san sekutā tetsudō), sometimes translated as semi-public sector railways, are railways operated by a joint corporation that has been invested in by both the public and private sectors, which maintain a public–private partnership. These lines are most often operated by small companies owned by both a prefectural or municipal government and smaller private interests, who both invest in and manage the line. Third-sector lines are generally former lines of the JR Group – or, before 1987, Japanese National Railways (JNR) – that have been divested from the companies.

Examples of lines that were proposed for abolishment or transfer to third-sector companies throughout the 20th century include the Deficit 83 Lines and specified local lines.
Charlotte Guillard
Charlotte Guillard (c. 1485 – 1557) was an early printer who directed the Soleil d'Or printing house in Paris. Annie Parent described her as a "notability of the Rue Saint-Jacques", the street in the Latin Quarter where the shop was located. Twice married and twice widowed, Guillard operated her own publishing imprint for theological books during her two periods of widowhood, that is to say from 1519 to 1520, and 1537 to 1557. While she was not the first woman printer, succeeding both Anna Rugerin of Augsburg (1484) and Anna Fabri of Stockholm (1496), she was the first woman printer with a significantly known career.

Anna Fabri
Anna Fabri, née Ghotan (floruit 1496), was a Swedish publisher and printer. She was the first female book printer in Sweden.

She was likely the sister of book printer Bartholomeus Ghotan from Lübeck, who alongside Johann Snell became the first secular book printers in Sweden in 1483. She married printer Johann Fabri, who took over the business of Snell in 1487; she later took over his business as a widow in 1496. Among her work was Brevianse Strengenense, Breviens Upsalea and some magistri impressorie artis are known.
1941 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1941 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 44th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Birr entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 31 August 1941 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Drumcullen and Birr, in what was their second meeting in the final overall. Drumcullen won the match by 2–05 to 0–07 to claim their 10th championship title overall and a first championship title in eight years.

Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The Offaly Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Molloy Environmental Senior Hurling Championship) is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Offaly GAA clubs. The Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1896.

Kilcormac–Killoughey are the title-holders, defeating shinrone by 1–24 to 2–14 in the 2025 final.
Gari Melchers Home and Studio
Gari Melchers Home and Studio, also known as Belmont, is a National Historic Landmark and historic house museum at 224 Washington Street in Falmouth, Virginia.  This much-altered 18th-century house was the home and studio of the popular American artist Gari Melchers (1860–1932) from 1916 until his death.  It was given to the state of Virginia by his widow, and is now administered by the University of Mary Washington.  It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1965, commemorating Melchers' influential role in bringing American art to European attention.

University of Mary Washington
University of Mary Washington (UMW) is a public liberal arts university in Fredericksburg, Virginia. Established in 1908 as the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Fredericksburg, the institution later became known as Fredericksburg Teachers College, and was named Mary Washington College in 1938 after Mary Ball Washington, mother of the first president of the United States, George Washington. The General Assembly of Virginia changed the college's name to University of Mary Washington in 2004 to reflect the addition of graduate and professional programs to the central undergraduate curriculum, as well as the establishment of more than one campus. The university offers more than 60 graduate and undergraduate degree programs in three colleges: Arts and Sciences, Business, and Education.
Muhammad II of Khwarazm
'Alā' al-Din Muhammad II (Persian: علاءالدین محمد خوارزمشاه; full name: Ala ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Abul-Fath Muhammad Sanjar ibn Tekish) was the Shah of the Khwarazmian Empire from 3 August 1200 to 11 January 1221. His ancestor was Anushtegin Gharchai, a Turkic Ghulam who eventually became a viceroy of a small province in Central Asia named Khwarazm. He was subjected to the Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire, which resulted in the utter destruction of his empire.

Syr Darya
The Syr Darya, historically known as the Jaxartes (/dʒækˈsɑːrtiːz/ jak-SAR-teez; Ancient Greek: Ἰαξάρτης), is a river in Central Asia. The name, which is Persian, literally means Syr Sea or Syr River. It originates in the Tian Shan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and eastern Uzbekistan, and flows for 2,256.25 kilometres (1,401.97 mi) west and north-west through Uzbekistan, Sughd province of Tajikistan, and southern Kazakhstan to the northern remnants of the Aral Sea. It is the northern and eastern of the two main rivers in the endorheic basin of the Aral Sea, the other being the Amu Darya.

During the Soviet era, extensive irrigation projects were constructed around both rivers, diverting their water into farmland and causing, during the post-Soviet era, the virtual disappearance of the Aral Sea, once the world's fourth-largest lake. The point at which the river flows from Tajikistan into Uzbekistan is, at 300 m (980 ft) above sea level, the lowest elevation in Tajikistan.
Sony Channel (Russia)
Sony Channel Russia or Sony Pictures Television Russia was the Russian branch of international pay television Sony Channel, broadcasting TV shows and movies on air in Russia. Sony Channel provides television content from Sony Pictures as well as third-party distributors. Sony channel also provides a special original content commissioned by locals and global parties. It is a division of Sony Pictures Television Inc. (SPT), a Sony Pictures Entertainment company. The portfolio of SPT Networks reaches over 2 billion viewers around the world broadcasting in 178 countries worldwide and includes over 150 entertainment channels.

Specifically, Sony Channel Russia broadcasts regionally to Russia and neighboring countries: The Republic of Belarus, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Moldova.

Sony Channel
Sony Channel is a brand of general entertainment television channels, owned by Sony Pictures Television. It was previously known as Sony Entertainment Television (SET), but many of the channels, except the Indian television channel Sony Entertainment Television, were rebranded as Sony Channel.
2023 SA20 final
The 2023 SA20 final was played on 12 February 2023 at the Wanderers Stadium in Johannesburg. It was a Day/Night Twenty20 match that would decide the winner of the 2023 season of the SA20, an annual Twenty20 tournament in South Africa.

The match was originally scheduled to be played on 11 February, but was postponed to 12 February due to rain—marking the first time the SA20 final had been postponed due to weather conditions. After winning the toss, Sunrisers Eastern Cape elected to field, with Pretoria Capitals scoring 135 runs for 10 wickets. The Eastern Cape' ultimately win by four wickets, securing their first SA20 title. SEC player Roelof van der Merwe was named player of the match.

Pretoria Capitals
Pretoria Capitals is a South African professional Twenty20 franchise cricket team that competes in the SA20 tournament. The team is based in Pretoria, and was formed in 2023. The team's home-ground is Centurion Park. The team is coached by Sourav Ganguly. Pretoria Capitals were the runners-up of the first season of SA20

The franchise is owned by JSW Sports.
1982 Donnay Indoor Championships
The 1982 Donnay Indoor Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Brussels in Belgium the event was part of the 1982 Volvo Grand Prix. It was the second edition of the tournament and was held from 8 March through 14 March 1982. Third-seeded Vitas Gerulaitis won the singles title.

1982 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1982 Volvo Grand Prix was a professional tennis circuit held that year. It incorporated the four grand slam tournaments, the Grand Prix tournaments. The circuit was administered by the Men's International Professional Tennis Council (MIPTC). On 30 April 1981 World Championship Tennis (WCT) announced its withdrawal from the Grand Prix circuit, which it had been incorporated into since 1978, and the re-establishment of its own tour calendar for the 1982 season. To counter the threat of player leaving the Grand Prix tour for the WCT the MIPTC introduced a mandatory commitment to play at least 10 Grand Prix Super Series tournaments.
Japan as Number One: Lessons for America
Japan as Number One: Lessons for America is a book by Ezra F. Vogel published in 1979 by Harvard University Press arguing that Americans should understand the Japanese experience and be willing to learn from it. The Japanese translation sold nearly half a million copies in the year after it was published, making it the all-time best-seller in Japan of non-fiction by a Western author.

John W. Dower
John W. Dower (born June 21, 1938, in Providence, Rhode Island) is an American author and historian. His 1999 book Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II won the U.S. National Book Award for Nonfiction, the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, the Bancroft Prize, the Los Angeles Times Book Prize, the Mark Lynton History Prize, and the John K. Fairbank Prize of the American Historical Association.
Great Lakes Patrol
The Great Lakes Patrol was carried out by American naval forces, beginning in 1844, mainly to suppress criminal activity and to protect the maritime border with Canada. A small force of United States Navy, Coast Guard, and Revenue Service ships served in the Great Lakes throughout these operations. Through the decades, they were involved in several incidents with pirates and rebels.

The patrol was ended in 1920 when the US Coast Guard assumed full command of the operations as part of the Rum Patrol. This was initiated during the Prohibition era to try to reduce or end liquor smuggling from Canada across the rivers and lakes, a difficult task: the Canada–United States border is 8,891 kilometers (5,525 mi) long.

Rum Patrol
The Rum Patrol was an operation of the United States Coast Guard to interdict liquor smuggling vessels, known as "rum runners" in order to enforce prohibition in American waters. On 18 December 1917, the 18th Amendment to the Constitution was submitted to the states by Congress. On 16 January 1919, the amendment was ratified and the Liquor Prohibition Amendment, which prohibited the manufacture, sale, transportation, importation, or exportation of intoxicating liquors, came into effect on 16 January 1920.
Gotzon Mantuliz
Gotzon Mantuliz Dudagoitia (born August 10, 1988) is a designer, model, TV commentator/presenter and winner of the 5th edition of the well-known Spanish television show “El Conquistador del Fin del Mundo.” Tambien ganador de la Temporada 5 de "El Desafio" emitido en antena 3 mientras que el "Conquistador del mundo" The show is broadcast on ETB2, the second television channel of Euskal Telebista (ETB), the Basque public television channel. Following his success, Dudagoitia started working as a commentator in the debate of “El Conquistador del Fin del Mundo”, called “El Conquis: La Aventura” and directed by Patxi Alonso, a Basque journalist. In 2015 he was premiered as a TV presenter with the program “Safari Wazungu”. He has also published a book called “Gotzon Mantuliz. Diario de un conquistador.”

EITB
Euskal Irrati Telebista (Basque: [eus̺kal irat̪i t̪elebis̺t̪a]; transl. Basque Radio Television; acronym EITB, branded eitb) is the Basque Autonomous Community's public broadcast service, which broadcasts throughout the Basque Country. Its main brand is Euskal Telebista (ETB, Basque Television).

EITB is the leading media group in the Basque Autonomous Community of Spain with five domestic television channels and six radio stations. Their channels are also broadcast in the whole Basque Country, and people in nearby territories such as Burgos (in Castile and León), Cantabria, Huesca and Saragossa (in Aragon), La Rioja, and the non-Basque-speaking region of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in France) can also get the signal. It has been running since 1982 and during this period it has established itself as a major media organisation, connecting with more than a million people every day. The majority of EITB's broadcasts deal with local news and entertainment.
Toni Sender
Toni Sender (or Tony Sender) (29 November 1888 – 26 June 1964) was a German socialist, feminist, journalist, trade unionist and politician who served as a member of the Reichstag from 1920 to 1933. She was active in left-wing German politics in the World War I and Interwar periods before fleeing Germany once the Nazis took power. In exile, she campaigned against the Nazis and for aiding refugees, going on to work for the Office of Strategic Services, the United Nations, and several labor unions.

Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
The Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (German: Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, USPD) was a short-lived political party in Germany during the German Empire and the Weimar Republic. The organization was established in 1917 as the result of a split of anti-war members of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), from the left of the party as well as the centre and the right. The organization attempted to chart a course between electorally oriented reformism on the one hand and Bolshevik revolutionism on the other. After several splits and mergers, the last part of the organization was terminated in 1931 through merger with the Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (SAPD).