hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mount Wilcox (Antarctica)
Mount Wilcox (67°57′S 66°56′W﻿ / ﻿67.950°S 66.933°W﻿ / -67.950; -66.933) is a mountain with a sharp, rocky, triangular peak surmounting the southeast corner of Square Bay, 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Camp Point on the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. The mountain was apparently first seen and roughly charted in 1909 by the French Antarctic Expedition under Charcot. It was surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under John Rymill and was photographed from the air in 1940 by the United States Antarctic Service (USAS). The name, proposed by Colonel Lawrence Martin, is for Phineas Wilcox, mate on the Hero, in which Captain Nathaniel Palmer explored the Antarctic mainland south of Deception Island in 1820.

Square Bay
Square Bay is a bay, roughly square in outline and 10 nautical miles (18 km) wide, indenting the west coast of Graham Land between Nicholl Head and Camp Point. Most of the entrance to the bay is occupied by Horseshoe Island, which limits access to a narrow southern strait opening onto Marguerite Bay and a narrower northwestern strait opening onto the mouth of Bourgeois Fjord. Mapped and named by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE), 1934–37, under Rymill.

Broken Island and Centre Island lie in the north part of the bay.
Tony Wall (hurler)
Anthony Wall (born 9 May 1934) is an Irish former hurler and manager who played as a centre-back at senior level for the Tipperary county team.

Wall joined the team during the 1953–54 National League and was a regular member of the starting fifteen until his retirement after the 1967 championship. During that time he won five All-Ireland medals, six Munster medals and six National Hurling League medals. Wall captained the team to the All-Ireland title in 1958.

At club level Wall was a ten-time county club championship medalist with Thurles Sarsfields.

Manager (Gaelic games)
In Gaelic games, a manager or (in Irish) bainisteoir is involved in the direction and instruction of the on-field operations of a team. The role entails the application of sport tactics and strategies during the game itself, and usually entails substitution of players and other such actions as needed. At games, the manager may sometimes wear a bib with the word "manager" or "bainisteoir" adorning it. Many managers were former players themselves, and are assisted in coaching the team by a group of selectors (in Irish roghnóirí).
Dog tag
Military identification tag, also informally known as dog tag, is a common term for a specific type of identification tag worn by military personnel. The tags' primary use is for the identification of casualties; they have information about the individual written on them, including identification and essential basic medical information such as blood type and history of inoculations. They may indicate a religious preference as well. The term most likely originates from newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst in 1936. He used it in an article written to criticize Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposed New Deal which allegedly included worker identification tags. Hearst referred to them as "dog tags", comparing them to those worn in the military. Another proposed origin is from WWII draftees who referred to them as dog tags, either because of their poor treatment, or because of their resemblance to animal identification tags.

Service number (United States Army)
Service numbers were used by the United States Army from 1918 until 1969. Prior to this, the Army relied on muster rolls as a means of indexing enlisted service members while officers were usually listed on yearly rolls maintained by the United States War Department. In the nineteenth century, the Army also used pay records as a primary means of identifying service members after discharge.
2018 Corrigan Oil 200
The 2018 Corrigan Oil 200 was the 15th stock car race of the 2018 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series season and the 19th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, August 11, 2018, in Brooklyn, Michigan at Michigan International Speedway, a two-mile (3.2 km) permanent moderate-banked D-shaped speedway. The race took the scheduled 100 laps to complete. In a photo finish, Hattori Racing Enterprises driver Brett Moffitt would edge out eventual second-place finisher Johnny Sauter of GMS Racing by 0.025 seconds to win his fifth career NASCAR Camping World Truck Series win and his fourth win of the season. To fill out the podium, John Hunter Nemechek of NEMCO Motorsports finished third.

NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series at Michigan International Speedway
Pickup truck racing events in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series have been held at the Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan since 1999. The race is currently known as the DQS Solutions & Staffing 250 Powered by Precision Vehicle Logistics. In 2025, the event was lengthened from 200 to 250 miles due to the Xfinity race not being on their schedule.
Alec Peterson
Alexander Duncan Campbell Peterson OBE (13 September 1908 – 17 October 1988) was a British teacher and headmaster, greatly responsible for the birth of the International Baccalaureate educational system. He was instrumental in the formation of the International Baccalaureate Organisation in 1968, and served as the organisation's first director-general until 1977. He was also the first honorary member of the organisation's Council of Foundation from 1983 until his death in 1988.

Theory of knowledge (IB course)
Theory of Knowledge (TOK) is a compulsory core subject of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme covering, for example, epistemological topics. It is marked on a letter scale (A-E) and aims to "provide an opportunity for students to reflect on the nature of knowledge, and on how we know what we claim to know." Students who attain an E will not be able to receive their final IB Diploma.
Zhang Zhidong
Zhang Zhidong (Chinese: 張之洞) (2 September 1837 – 4 October 1909)  was a Chinese politician who lived during the late Qing dynasty. Along with Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang and Zuo Zongtang, Zhang Zhidong was one of the four most famous officials of the late Qing dynasty. Known for advocating controlled reform and modernization of Chinese troops, he served as the governor of Shanxi Province and viceroy of Huguang, Liangguang and Liangjiang, and also as a member of the Grand Council. He took a leading role in the abolition of the Imperial examination system in 1905. The Red Guards destroyed his tomb in 1966 during the Cultural Revolution. His remains were rediscovered in 2007 and reburied.

Posthumous name
A posthumous name is an honorary name given mainly to revered dead people in East Asian culture. It is predominantly used in Asian countries such as China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan,  Malaysia and Thailand. Reflecting on the person's accomplishments or reputation, the title is assigned after death and essentially replaces the name used during life. Although most posthumous names are given to royalty, some posthumous names are given to honor significant people without hereditary titles, such as courtiers or military generals.

To create a posthumous name, one or more adjectives are inserted before the deceased's title. The name of the state or domain of the owner may be added to avoid ambiguity.
2020 South Korean Figure Skating Championships
The 2020 South Korean Figure Skating Championships were held from January 3–5, 2020 at the Uijeongbu Indoor Ice Rink in Uijeongbu. It was the 74th edition of the event. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, and ice dance on the senior and junior levels. The results were part of the Korean selection criteria for the 2020 World Junior Championships and the 2020 World Championships.

Seoul was originally announced as the host, before the location was changed to Uijeongbu in November 2019.

South Korean Figure Skating Championships
The South Korean Figure Skating Championships (Korean: 한국 피겨스케이팅 선수권 대회) are an annual figure skating competition organized by the Korea Skating Union to crown the national champions of South Korea. Medals are awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance at the senior, junior, and novice levels, although not every discipline is held every year due to a lack of participants.
Hamada Emam
Mohamed Yehia el-Horria Mohamed Emam (Arabic: محمد يحيى الحرية محمد إمام‎; 28 November 1943 – 9 January 2016), known as Hamada Emam (Arabic: حمادة إمام), was the Vice President of the Egyptian Football Association (EFA) and a former Egyptian football player. A prolific goal scorer, he scored 74 goals for Zamalek in the Egyptian Premier League. He was nicknamed "The Fox" by Egyptian fans. Emam spent his entire career with Zamalek, and scored 84 goals for the team in all competitions.

After retirement, Emam worked in sports management. He also worked as a football pundit. He became Zamalek's vice president for more than a period. As a player, Emam is considered as one of the best Egyptian players of all time.

1963–64 Egyptian Premier League
The 1963–64 Egyptian Premier League, was the 14th season of the Egyptian Premier League, the top Egyptian professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1948.The league consisted of 2 groups each of 12 clubs. The season started on 4 October 1963 and concluded on 16 June 1964.
Zamalek won the league for the second time in the club's history.
Heim Municipality (1911–1964)
Heim is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county in Norway. The 277-square-kilometre (107 sq mi) municipality existed from 1911 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality encompassed the northern part of what is now Heim Municipality and Orkland Municipality and the southeastern part of Hitra Municipality in Trøndelag county. The administrative centre was the village of Heim where Heim Church is located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1963, the 276.6-square-kilometre (106.8 sq mi) municipality was the 298th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Heim Municipality was the 541st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,466. The municipality's population density was 5.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (14/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 6.3% over the previous 10-year period.

Heim Municipality
Heim is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It was established on 1 January 2020 upon the merger of three other municipalities. It is located in the traditional district of Fosen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Kyrksæterøra. Other villages in Heim include Betna, Engan, Halsa, Heim, Hellandsjøen, Hennset, Hjellnes, Holla, Klevset, Liabøen, Todalen, Valsøyfjord, Valsøybotn, Vinjeøra, and Ytre Snillfjord.

The 1,025-square-kilometre (396 sq mi) municipality is the 113th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Heim Municipality is the 161st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,093. The municipality's population density is 5.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (15/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5% over the previous 10-year period.
EIF-2 kinase
eIF-2-alpha kinase is a kinase enzyme that phosphorylates eIF2α. There are four forms in mammals:

EIF2AK1: heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI)

EIF2AK2: the double-stranded RNA-dependent kinase (protein kinase R, PKR)

EIF2AK3: also known as "PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase" (PEK/PERK)

EIF2AK4: also known as GCN2

These are all responsible for the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF-2 at serine 51, one of the best-characterized mechanisms for down-regulating protein synthesis in eukaryotes as a part of cellular stress response.

Protein kinase R
Protein kinase RNA-activated also known as protein kinase R (PKR), interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase, or eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2 (EIF2AK2) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the EIF2AK2 gene on chromosome 2. PKR is a serine/tyrosine kinase that is 551 amino acids long.

PKR is inducible by various mechanisms of stress and protects against viral infections. It also has a role in several signaling pathways.
Tom Chilton
Thomas James Chilton (born 15 March 1985) is a British racing driver who currently drives for Team VERTU in the British Touring Car Championship. He has spent most of his career competing in touring car racing, and his younger brother, Max, is also a racing driver.

2005 British Touring Car Championship
The 2005 Dunlop MSA British Touring Car Championship season was the 48th British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) season. As in 2004, there were ten racing weekends at nine different circuits; each round comprising three races, making a thirty round competition in total.
2019 Malaysia M4 League
The 2019 Malaysia M4 League (Malay: 2019 Liga M4 Malaysia) was the inaugural season of the League competition since its establishment in 2019. It is in the fourth tier of the Malaysia football league system.

Malaysia A2 Amateur League
The Malaysia A2 Amateur League (Malay: Liga A2 Amatur Malaysia), previously known as the Malaysia M4 League and the Al-Ikhsan Cup due to sponsorship reasons, is the third tier football league in the Malaysian football league system. It was created in 2018 as part of the Malaysian Football League's plan to reform the competition structure.
Maria Ilieva
Maria Ilieva (Bulgarian: Мария Илиева, born 1 December 1977) is a Bulgarian singer, songwriter and producer. She is recognized as one of the most successful female vocal artists of the contemporary Bulgarian music scene. In the last over 20 years of active solo career, she has released over 30 hit singles, two award-winning studio albums, a maxi single and a greatest hits album. She has received over 40 awards for music and style.

Alongside her music career, Ilieva has been a judge on the first, second and third seasons of X Factor Bulgaria, The Masked Singer Bulgaria season 1, and The Voice of Bulgaria seasons 10 and 11. In 2019 she finished second in the 8th season of the Bulgarian version of Your Face Sounds Familiar. She has appeared in a number of Bulgarian and international films and TV series.

Maria has taken part in a vast number of social and philanthropy activities supporting regional and national causes.

X Factor (Bulgarian TV series)
X Factor is the Bulgarian version of The X Factor, a show originating from the United Kingdom. It is a television music talent show contested by aspiring pop singers drawn from public auditions. The show's inaugural season aired in 2011 on Nova Television.
2010 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 2010 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 112th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 13 December 2009. The championship began on 5 April 2010 and ended on 24 October 2010.

Clonakilty entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Nemo Rangers at the semi-final stage.

On 24 October 2010, Nemo Rangers won the championship following a 2–10 to 1–08 defeat of St. Finbarr's in the final. This was their 18th championship title overall and their first title since 2008.

Duhallow's Donncha O'Connor was the championship's top scorer with 0-30.

1887 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1887 Cork Senior Football Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 30 January 1887. The championship began on 6 March 1887 and ended on 10 July 1887.

On 10 July 1887, Lees won the championship following a 0–04 to 0–01 defeat of Lisgoold in the final at Cork Park. The club subsequently represented Cork in the 1887 All-Ireland Championship.
Pioneers of Alaska
The Pioneers of Alaska is a fraternal organization based out of Nome, Alaska, focused on preserving the history of early non-Native settlers in the territory. The organization operates through local chapters called Igloos and historically provided mutual aid, civic engagement, and historical preservation support. Today, the Pioneers have approximately 3,100 members, who must be residents of Alaska for at least 20 years to be eligible to join.

The purpose of the Pioneers is stated as “to preserve the names of all Alaska’s pioneers on its rolls; to collect and preserve the literature and incidents of our history; and to promote the best interests of Alaska.”

Ku Klux Klan titles and vocabulary
Ku Klux Klan (KKK) nomenclature has evolved over the order's nearly 160 years of existence. The titles and designations were first laid out in the 1920s Kloran, setting out KKK terms and traditions. Like many KKK terms, this is a portmanteau term, formed from Klan and Koran.
California Township, Madison County, Arkansas
California Township is one of 21 inactive townships in Madison County, Arkansas, USA. As of the 2010 census, its population was 1,303.

California Township was established between the years 1850 and 1860, but the exact date is unknown since early county records were lost.

Madison County, Arkansas
Madison County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,521. The county seat is Huntsville. The county was formed on September 30, 1836, and named for Madison County, Alabama, the home of some early settlers. They also named the county seat after Madison County in Alabama's county seat, Huntsville. Madison County is part of the Northwest Arkansas region.
Abbots Oak
Abbots Oak is a hamlet near Coalville, Leicestershire, comprising a cluster of dwellings near Warren Hills, either side of the road between Whitwick and Copt Oak.

The Bull's Head public house, claims the distinction of being the highest public house in Leicestershire, at 787 feet (240 m) above sea level.

The hamlet also contains the Abbots Oak Country House, which is a Grade II listed building. The house is built of Charnwood granite and has an imposing tower with a fine wooden staircase; its listing description ascribes a mid-nineteenth century origin.

Coalville
Coalville is a town in the district of North West Leicestershire in Leicestershire in the East Midlands of England. In 2011, it had a population of 34,575. It lies on the A511 between Leicester and Burton upon Trent, close to junction 22 of the M1 motorway where the A511 meets the A50 between Ashby-de-la-Zouch and Leicester.

Coalville is twinned with Romans-sur-Isère in southeastern France.
Carex nemoralis
Carex nemoralis is a plant species in the Cyperaceae (sedge) family. It was first described in 1994 as Uncinia nemoralis by the Australian botanist Karen Wilson, and was transferred to the genus, Carex, in 2015 by the Global Carex Group.

It is endemic to Australia where it is found in Victoria and New South Wales, in rainforested mountainous areas, and often along creeks.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
Yana Urqu (Castrovirreyna)
Yana Urqu (Quechua yana black, urqu mountain, "black mountain", Hispanicized spelling Yana Orjo) is a mountain in the Chunta mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is located in the Huancavelica Region, Castrovirreyna Province, Santa Ana District. Yana Urqu lies south of Wayra Q'asa.

Chonta mountain range
The Chonta mountain range (possibly from Aymara chunta prolonged, lengthened, Quechua chunta a kind of palm,) lies in the Huancavelica Region in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 12°37' and 13°07'S and  75°00' and 75°30'W for about 50 km. It is located in the Castrovirreyna Province and in the Huancavelica Province.
Fencing at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's foil
The men's foil was a fencing event held as part of the fencing programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics. It was the third time the event was held at the Olympics. The competition was held on September 7, 1904. Nine fencers from three nations competed. The medals were swept by "Cuban" fencers; only Fonst was actually Cuban, but the other two men (Albertson Van Zo Post and Charles Tatham) were marked as Cuban by the IOC despite being American. The mistake was corrected after more than 100 years in the early 2020s.

Fencing at the 1904 Summer Olympics
At the 1904 Summer Olympics, five fencing events were contested. The third edition of the Olympic fencing program included a team event (in men's foil) for the first time, as well as the only Olympic singlestick competition. Events for fencing professionals were eliminated. The competitions were held on September 7, 1904 and September 8, 1904.
Perivale Halt railway station
Perivale Halt railway station was a station on the New North Main Line of the Great Western Railway. It served the London suburb of Perivale from 1904 to 1947, when it was replaced by Perivale station on the Central line of the London Underground.

Perivale
Perivale (/ˈpɛrɪˌveɪl/) is a mainly residential suburban town of Greater London, 9.5 miles (15.3 km) west of Charing Cross. It is the smallest of the seven towns which make up the London Borough of Ealing.

Perivale is predominately residential, with a library, community centre, a number of parks and open spaces, as well as a large industrial estate. Landmarks include the grade II* listed Art Deco Hoover Building, as well as St Mary's Church (c. 12th century), Horsenden Hill park and Perivale Wood Local Nature Reserve run by the Selborne Society. Perivale forms part of the UB6 postcode area, along with Greenford.
Aan het Volk van Nederland
Aan het Volk van Nederland (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈaːn ət ˈfɔl(ə)k fɑˈneːdərlɑnt]; English: To the People of the Netherlands) was a pamphlet distributed by window-covered carriages across all major cities of the Dutch Republic in the night of 25 to 26 September 1781. It claimed the entire political system, dominated by the Orange hereditary stadtholderate, was corrupt and had to be overthrown in favour of a democratic republic. The pamphlet became the creed of the Patriots.

The Provincial and Confederal authorities took heavy punitive measures against the pamphlet, and tried to find out who wrote it. It was not until 1891, over a century after the pamphlet appeared, that it could be proven without doubt that the author had been prominent Patriot leader Joan Derk van der Capellen tot den Pol (1741–1784).

Court Lambertus van Beyma
Coert or Court Lambertus van Beyma (Harlingen, 5 February 1753 – Dronrijp, 7 September 1820), son of Julius Matthijs van Beyma and Fokel Helena van Burmania, was a public notary and auctioneer, delegate and representative of the Frisian States, and the radical leader of the Frisian patriots. He was the initiator of a Frisian coup and spent seven years in exile in north-western France.  On his return to the Netherlands in 1795, he became a delegate to the National Assembly of the newly established Batavian Republic.