hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Muirchertach Ua Carmacáin
Muirchertach Ua Carmacáin, Bishop of Clonfert, 1195-1203.

Ó Cormacáin was a member of an ecclesiastical family based in Síol Anmchadha, in what is now south-east County Galway. Later members of the family were bishops of Clonfert and Archbishop of Tuam, as well as Abbots of the abbey of Abbeygormican in that county.

Bishop of Clonfert
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The Bishop of Clonfert (Irish: Easpag Chluain Fearta) is an episcopal title which takes its name after the village of Clonfert in County Galway, Ireland. In the Roman Catholic Church it remains as a separate title; but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with other bishoprics.
IMES-1 RNA motif
The IMES-1 RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was identified in marine environmental sequences by two studies based on metagenomics and bioinformatics, the first analyzing metatranscriptome (RNA) data and the second using metagenome (DNA) data.  These RNAs are present in environmental sequences, and as of 2009 are not known to be present in any cultivated species.  However, the species that use these RNAs are most closely related to known alphaproteobacteria and gammaproteobacteria.  IMES-1 RNAs make up  a significant portion of marine RNA transcripts and are exceptionally abundant in that over five times as many IMES-1 RNAs were found as ribosomes in RNAs sampled from the Pacific Ocean.  Only two bacterial RNAs are known (6S RNA and transfer RNA) to be more highly transcribed than ribosomes.  IMES-1 RNAs were also detected in abundance in Block Island Sound in the Atlantic Ocean.

6S / SsrS RNA
In the field of molecular biology, the 6S RNA is a non-coding RNA that was one of the first to be identified and sequenced. What it does in the bacterial cell was unknown until recently. In the early 2000s, scientists found out the function of 6S RNA to be as a regulator of sigma 70-dependent gene transcription. All bacterial RNA polymerases have a subunit called a sigma factor. The sigma factors are important because they control how DNA promoter binding and RNA transcription start sites. Sigma 70 was the first one to be discovered in Escherichia coli.
Anachemmis
Anachemmis is a genus of North American false wolf spiders that was first described by Ralph Vary Chamberlin in 1919. It was briefly synonymized with Titiotus, but was reconfirmed as its own distinct genus in 1999.

Zoropsidae
Zoropsidae, also known as false wolf spiders for their physical similarity to wolf spiders, is a family of cribellate araneomorph spiders first described by Philipp Bertkau in 1882. They can be distinguished from wolf spiders by their two rows of eyes that are more equal in size than those of Lycosidae.

The families Tengellidae and Zorocratidae are now included in Zoropsidae.
Eriocraniella xanthocara
Eriocraniella xanthocara is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae. It was described by Donald R. Davis in 1978. It is found in California from Shasta County south at least to Santa Clara County and Santa Cruz Island.

Eriocraniidae
Eriocraniidae is a family of moths restricted to the Holarctic region, with six extant genera. These small, metallic moths are usually day-flying, emerging fairly early in the northern temperate spring. They have a proboscis with which they drink water or sap. The larvae are leaf miners on Fagales, principally the trees birch (Betula) and oak (Quercus), but a few on Salicales and Rosales.
Ralph Brecken
Ralph Brecken (1770 – July 1, 1813) was a merchant and political figure in Prince Edward Island. He represented Queens County in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island

He was born in England, the son of John Brecken, an early member of the provincial assembly. Brecken served as speaker for the provincial assembly from 1812 to 1813, was also lieutenant in the county militia and served as a justice of the peace. Brecken married Matilda, the daughter of Joseph Robinson.

His son John also served in the provincial assembly and his grandson Frederick de St Croix Brecken was a member of the assembly and also served in the Canadian House of Commons.

Several of his daughters married members of the Legislative Council:

Jane Rebecca married Thomas Heath Haviland

Anna Matilda married Donald McDonald

Barbara Leila Alice married James Ellis Peake

Joseph Robinson (loyalist)
Joseph Robinson (ca. 1742 – August 24, 1807) was an American-born lawyer, judge and political figure on Prince Edward Island. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1790 to 1794.
Secretary of State of Wisconsin
The secretary of state of Wisconsin is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of Wisconsin, and is second (behind the lieutenant governor) in the line of succession to the office of governor of Wisconsin. Twenty-nine individuals have held the office of secretary of state, two of whom have held non-consecutive terms. The incumbent is Sarah Godlewski, who was appointed by Governor Tony Evers on March 17, 2023, to replace long-time Secretary of State Doug La Follette.

Slip law
In the United States, a slip law is an individual Act of Congress which is either a public law (Pub.L.) or a private law (Pvt.L.). Slip laws are published as softcover unbound pamphlets, each with its own individual pagination.  They are part of a three-part model for publication of federal statutes consisting of slip laws, session laws, and codification. Session laws are compiled into the Statutes at Large (Stat.), and codification results in the United States Code (U.S.C.).

Public and private laws are prepared and published by the Office of the Federal Register (OFR) of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). At the end of a Congressional session, slip laws are compiled into the Statutes at Large, which are called "session laws", published by the Government Printing Office (GPO). Today, most of the public laws, but not private laws, are drafted as amendments to the United States Code.
Ruth Peck
Ruth Peck (December 11, 1901-February 26, 1996) was a state legislator in Arizona. She served in the Arizona House of Representatives from 1959-1976. She was a Republican.

She was born in Denton, Texas. Ruth Thomason married Vernon McKinley Peck.

Arizona House of Representatives
The Arizona House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Arizona. The upper house is the Senate. The House convenes in the legislative chambers at the Arizona State Capitol in Phoenix. Its members are elected to two-year terms, with a term limit of four consecutive terms (eight years). Each of the state's 30 legislative districts elects two state house representatives and one state senator, with each district having a population of at least 203,000.

The last election occurred on November 5, 2024, with the Republican Party securing a majority in the House.
1996 Coca-Cola 600
The 1996 Coca-Cola 600 was the 11th stock car race of the 1996 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the 37th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, May 26, 1996, in Concord, North Carolina, at Charlotte Motor Speedway, a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) permanent quad-oval. The race took the scheduled 400 laps to complete. At race's end, Robert Yates Racing driver Dale Jarrett would manage to dominate the late stages of the race to take his sixth career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his second victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Richard Childress Racing driver Dale Earnhardt and Hendrick Motorsports driver Terry Labonte would finish second and third, respectively.

1996 NASCAR Winston Cup Series
The 1996 NASCAR Winston Cup Series was the 48th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 25th modern-era NASCAR Cup series. The season had been started on February 18 at Daytona International Speedway, and ended on November 10 at Atlanta Motor Speedway. The season would be remembered for Terry Labonte pulling off a massive upset and winning his second Winston Cup Championship over teammate Jeff Gordon.

Pontiac’s struggles in 1995 carried over to 1996, scoring just one win in the Dura Lube 500 with Bobby Hamilton. Hamilton was also the only Pontiac driver to finish in the top ten in points standings, placing ninth.
Radical clock
In chemistry, a radical clock is a chemical compound that assists in the indirect methodology to determine the kinetics of a free-radical reaction. The radical-clock compound itself reacts at a known rate, which provides a calibration for determining the rate of another reaction.

Many organic mechanisms involve intermediates that cannot be identified directly but which are inferred from trapping reactions. When such intermediates are radicals, their lifetimes can be deduced from radical clocks.  An alternative, perhaps more direct approach involves generation and isolation of the intermediates by flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis, but such methods are time-consuming and require expensive equipment. With an indirect approach of radical clocks, one can still obtain relative or absolute rate constants without the need for instruments or equipment beyond those normally needed for the reaction being studied.

Chemical kinetics
Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate. Chemical kinetics includes investigations of how experimental conditions influence the speed of a chemical reaction and yield information about the reaction's mechanism and transition states, as well as the construction of mathematical models that also can describe the characteristics of a chemical reaction.
Navajo Braille
Navajo Braille is the braille alphabet of the Navajo language. It uses a subset of the letters of Unified English Braille, along with the punctuation and formatting of that standard. There are no contractions.

Additional letters, beyond those of English braille, are ⠹ for ł, ⠄ for ' (glottal stop and ejective consonants), the French vowels with grave accents for the Navajo vowels with acute accents (high tone), and ⠨ for ogonek on the following vowel (nasal vowels, e.g. ⠨⠁ for ą, ⠨⠷ for ą́). ⠋ is only used for the digit 6, as the letter 'f' does not exist in the Navajo alphabet.

In numerical order by decade, the letters are:

The alphabet was created by Carol Begay Green and adopted by the Navajo Nation in 2015.

Ł
Ł or ł,  described in English as L with stroke, is a letter of the Polish, Kashubian, Sorbian, Silesian, Belarusian Latin, Ukrainian Latin, Kurdish (some dialects), Wymysorys, Navajo, Dëne Sųłıné, Iñupiaq, Zuni, Hupa, Sm'algya̱x, Nisga'a, and Dogrib alphabets, several proposed alphabets for the Venetian language, and the ISO 11940 romanization of the Thai script. In some Slavic languages, it represents the continuation of the Proto-Slavic non-palatal ⟨L⟩ (dark L), which evolved further into /w/ in Polish, Kashubian, Sorbian, and Silesian. In most non-European languages, it represents a voiceless alveolar lateral fricative or similar sound.
Messent Peak
Messent Peak (69°24′S 66°13′W﻿ / ﻿69.400°S 66.217°W﻿ / -69.400; -66.217) is one of the Bristly Peaks, rising to about 1,100 metres (3,600 ft) just west of Brodie Peak and 5 nautical miles (9 km) southwest of Mount Castro in the central Antarctic Peninsula. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 1977 for David R. Messent, a geodesist at the U.S. Army Topographic Command (later the Defense Mapping Agency, Hydrographic/Topographic Center), Palmer Station, winter party 1969.

Brodie Peak
Brodie Peak (69°25′S 66°5′W﻿ / ﻿69.417°S 66.083°W﻿ / -69.417; -66.083) is one of the Bristly Peaks, rising to 1,410 metres (4,630 ft) 5 nautical miles (9 km) south-southeast of Mount Castro, in the central Antarctic Peninsula. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 1977 after Earl E. Brodie, a United States Antarctic Research Program engineer in the Palmer Station winter party, 1969.
Palayesh Naft Abadan BC
Palayesh Naft Abadan Basketball Club is an Iranian professional basketball club based in Abadan, Iran. They compete in the Iranian Basketball Super League.

Sanat Naft made the final of the Iranian Super League in 2016, but were swept 4–0 by rivals Petrochimi.

Sana Naft wins his first title of the Iranian Super League in 2019, after beating 3-1 Shahrdari Gorgan BC.

Abadan, Iran
Abadan (Persian: آبادان; pronounced [ʔɒːbɒːˈdɒːn]) is a city in the Central District of Abadan County, Khuzestan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. The city is in the southwest of the county. It lies on Abadan Island (68 km or 42 mi long, 3–19 km or 2–12 miles wide). The island is bounded in the west by the Arvand waterway and to the east by the Bahmanshir outlet of the Karun River (the Arvand Rood), 53 kilometres (33 mi) from the Persian Gulf, near the Iran–Iraq border. Abadan is 140 km from the provincial capital city of Ahvaz.
Electoral district of Port Melbourne
Port Melbourne was an  electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It was created in 1889, replacing the previous electorate of Sandridge, which was the former name for Port Melbourne.

Port Melbourne was defined by the Electoral Act Amendment Act 1888 (taking effect at 1889 elections) as:

Commencing on the shore of Hobson's Bay opposite the end of Pickles-street; thence northerly by that street to Boundary-road; north-westerly by that road and a line in continuation thereof to the Yarra River; down the Yarra River through the new channel to the shore of Hobson's Bay, and easterly by that shore to the commencing point.

It was initially won by then-Sandridge MLA Frederick Derham.

It was abolished in 1958 and merged into the electorate of Albert Park. The last MLA for Port Melbourne, Archie Todd went on to contest and win the Victorian Legislative Council seat of Melbourne West Province.

Electoral district of Albert Park
The electoral district of Albert Park is one of the electoral districts of Victoria, Australia, for the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It covers an area of 21 square kilometres (8.1 sq mi) in inner suburban Melbourne, and includes the suburbs of Albert Park, Middle Park, Port Melbourne, St Kilda West, Southbank, South Melbourne, South Wharf, and parts of St Kilda. It lies within the Southern Metropolitan Region of the upper house, the Legislative Council.

It was first proclaimed in 1889, and has been held by the Labor Party without interruption since the 1950 election.

John Thwaites was the member from 1992 to 2007, serving as deputy leader of Victorian Labor from 1996 to 2007 and as Deputy Premier of Victoria from 1999 to 2007. He and Premier Steve Bracks, the member for neighbouring Williamstown, both resigned on 30 July 2007.  A by-election was held on 15 September 2007, which resulted in Martin Foley retaining the seat for Labor.
Itzik Zohar
Itzik Zohar (Hebrew: איציק זוהר; born October 31, 1970) is an Israeli former international footballer and television sports personality. Born in Bat Yam, Israel to a family of North African extraction, he holds the distinction of scoring the first two goals for Israel in its first World Cup qualifier in the UEFA confederation on October 28, 1992. He is widely regarded as having been one of the best free kick takers in Israeli football.

Israel State Cup
The Israel State Cup (Hebrew: גביע המדינה, Gvia HaMedina), is a knockout cup competition in Israeli football, run by the Israel Football Association (IFA).

The State Cup was first held in 1928 as the People's Cup. Because it involves clubs of all standards playing against each other, there is the possibility for "minnows" from the lower divisions to become "giant-killers" by eliminating top clubs from the tournament, although lower division teams rarely reach the final.

The last below the top-flight club to make the final was Maccabi Netanya in 2014, they have since been promoted to the Israeli Premier League.

Hapoel Be'er Sheva are the current Israel State Cup holders, having beaten Beitar Jerusalem 2–0 in the final for their fourth title.

Maccabi Tel Aviv have 24 titles, holding the record for most titles won. Hapoel Tel Aviv in 1937–1939 and 2010–2012 are the only club to have retained the State Cup for three consecutive seasons.
Overpopulation
Overpopulation or overabundance is a state in which the population of a species is larger than the carrying capacity of its environment. This may be caused by increased birth rates, lowered mortality rates, reduced predation or large scale migration, leading to an overabundant species and other animals in the ecosystem competing for food, space, and resources. The animals in an overpopulated area may then be forced to migrate to areas not typically inhabited, or die off without access to necessary resources.

Judgements regarding overpopulation always involve both facts and values. Animals are often judged overpopulated when their numbers cause impacts that people find dangerous, damaging, expensive, or otherwise harmful. Societies may be judged overpopulated when their human numbers cause impacts that degrade ecosystem services, decrease human health and well-being, or crowd other species out of existence.

Goose egg addling
Goose egg addling is a wildlife management method of population control for Canada geese and other bird species. The process of addling involves temporarily removing fertilized eggs from the nest, testing for embryo development, killing the embryo, and placing the egg back in the nest. Returning the egg to the nest misleads the goose into believing the egg is still developing. Otherwise, the goose would begin laying again.

In order to work effectively, addling must be conducted in a manner that does not arouse the suspicion of the goose, and must not change the odor, appearance or texture of the egg. Effective addling techniques are disseminated by Humane World for Animals and Internet Center for Wildlife Damage Management. The most popular addling method is egg oiling, which entails coating the egg in vegetable oil, thereby depriving the embryo of oxygen and killing it.
Rare disaster
In economics, a rare disaster is a collapse that is infrequent and large in magnitude, having a negative effect on an economy. Rare disasters are important because they provide an explanation of the equity premium puzzle, the behavior of interest rates, and other economic phenomena.

The parameters for a rare disaster are a substantial drop in GDP and at least a 10% decrease in consumption. Examples include financial disasters: the Great Depression and the 1997 Asian financial crisis; wars: World War I, World War II, and regional conflicts; epidemics: influenza outbreaks and the Asian Flu; weather events; and earthquakes and tsunamis; however, any event that has a substantial impact on GDP and consumption could be considered a rare disaster.

The idea was first proposed by Rietz in 1988, as a way to explain the equity premium puzzle. Since then, other economists have added to and strengthened the idea with evidence, but many economists are still skeptical of the theory.

Economic collapse
Economic collapse, also called economic meltdown, is any of a broad range of poor economic conditions, ranging from a severe, prolonged depression with high bankruptcy rates and high unemployment (such as the Great Depression of the 1930s), to a breakdown in normal commerce caused by hyperinflation (such as in Weimar Germany in the 1920s), or even an economically caused sharp rise in the death rate and perhaps even a decline in population (such as in countries of the former USSR in the 1990s). Often economic collapse is accompanied by social chaos, civil unrest and a breakdown of law and order.
Nano-suction technology
Nano-suction is a technology that uses vacuum, negative fluid pressure and millions of nano-sized suction cups to securely adhere any object to a flat non-porous surface. When the nano-suction object is pressed against a flat surface, millions of miniature suction cups create a large vacuum, generating a strong suction force that can hold a tremendous amount of weight. The nature of the technology allows easy removal without residue, and makes it reusable.

Suction
Suction is the day-to-day term for the movement of gases or liquids along a pressure gradient with the implication that the movement occurs because the lower pressure pulls the gas or liquid. However, the forces acting in this case do not originate from just the lower pressure side, but instead from the side of the higher pressure, as a reaction to the pressure difference.

When the pressure in one part of a physical system is reduced relative to another, the fluid or gas in the higher pressure region will exert a force relative to the region of lowered pressure, referred to as pressure-gradient force. If all gas or fluid is removed the result is a perfect vacuum in which the pressure is zero. Hence, no negative pressure forces can be generated. Accordingly, from a physics point of view, the objects are not  pulled but pushed.
Gender of God
The gender of God can be viewed as a literal or as an allegorical aspect of a deity.

In polytheistic religions, gods often have genders which would enable them to sexually interact with each other, and even with humans.

Abrahamic religions worship a single God, which in most interpretations of Yahweh, God the Father, and Allah, is not believed to have a physical body. In Christian traditions with the concept of the Trinity, Jesus, who is male, is believed to be the physical manifestation of the pre-existent God the Son.

Holy Spirit
The Holy Spirit, otherwise known as the Holy Ghost, is a concept within the Abrahamic religions. In Judaism, the Holy Spirit is understood as the divine quality or force of God manifesting in the world, particularly in acts of prophecy, creation and guidance. In Nicene Christianity, this conception expanded in meaning to represent the third person of the Trinity, co-equal and co-eternal with God the Father and God the Son. In Islam, the Holy Spirit acts as an agent of divine action or communication. In the Baha’i Faith, the Holy Spirit is seen as the intermediary between God and man and "the outpouring grace of God and the effulgent rays that emanate from His Manifestation".
Shanghai Stock Exchange STAR Market
The Shanghai Stock Exchange STAR Market, officially known as the Shanghai Stock Exchange Science and Technology Innovation Board, is a Chinese science and technology focused equities market established on July 22, 2019.

STAR has been touted as Shanghai's equivalent to America's Nasdaq, with state media alluding to its goal as giving Chinese science and technology companies greater access to capital markets. As of July 2020, it is valued at more than US $400 billion.

Shanghai Stock Exchange
The Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) is a stock exchange based in the city of Shanghai, China. It is one of the three stock exchanges operating independently in mainland China, the others being the Beijing Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. The Shanghai Stock Exchange is the world's third-largest stock market by market capitalization, exceeding $6 trillion in July 2024. It is also Asia's biggest stock exchange. Unlike the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, the Shanghai Stock Exchange is still not entirely open to foreign investors and is often affected by the decisions of the central government due to capital account controls exercised by the Chinese authorities.

In 1891, Shanghai founded China's first exchange system. The current stock exchange was re-established on November 26, 1990, and was in operation on December 19 of the same year. It is a non-profit organization directly administered by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC).