hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Happy Captivity
Happy Captivity and Reason for the Prolonged Wars of the Kingdom of Chile (Cautiverio feliz y razón individual de las guerras dilatadas del reino de Chile), better known as simply Happy Captivity (Cautiverio Feliz) is a captivity narrative written in 1673 by Chilean Spaniard Francisco Núñez de Pineda y Bascuñán, which narrates his experiences as a captive war soldier in 1629 at the hands of Mapuche warriors during the War of Arauco. This novel, which shows the contrasts between the two cultures, constitutes an important testimony in the intercultural relations and Indigenous customs of the 17th century. Originally dedicated to King Charles II of Spain, it was republished in Santiago de Chile in 1863.

Charles II of Spain
Charles II (6 November 1661 – 1 November 1700) was the king of Spain from 1665 to 1700. The last monarch from the House of Habsburg that had ruled Spain since 1516, his death without children resulted in the 1701 to 1714 War of the Spanish Succession.

For reasons still debated, Charles experienced lengthy periods of ill health throughout his life. This made the question of who would succeed him central to European diplomacy for much of his reign, with one historian writing that "from the day of his birth, they were waiting for his death".

The two candidates for the succession were Charles of Austria, from the House of Habsburg, and Philip of Anjou, the 16-year-old grandson of Louis XIV of France, from the House of Bourbon. Shortly before dying in November 1700, Charles made the latter his heir, but the acquisition of an undivided Spanish Empire by either threatened the European balance of power and resulted in war.
Micin
Micin [ˈmit͡ɕin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzyżanów, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south of Krzyżanów, 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Kutno, and 42 km (26 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Krzyżanów, Kutno County
Krzyżanów ([kʂɨˈʐanuf]) is a village in Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Krzyżanów. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-east of Kutno and 45 km (28 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.
Nyamaagiin Altankhuyag
Nyamaagiin Altankhuyag (born September 27, 1970) is a boxer from Mongolia, who competed in the bantamweight (– 54 kg) division at the 1988 Summer Olympics and the light-welterweight (– 63.5 kg) category at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He won a bronze medal in the light-welterweight category at the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing.

Bantamweight
Bantamweight is a weight class in combat sports and weightlifting. For boxing, the range is above 115 lb (52.2 kg) and up to 118 lb (53.5 kg). In kickboxing, a bantamweight fighter generally weighs between 53 and 55 kilograms (117 and 121 lb). In MMA, bantamweight is 126–135 lb (57.2–61.2 kg).

The name for the class is derived from bantam chickens. Brazilian jiu-jitsu has an equivalent Rooster weight.
Thaton kingdom
The Thaton kingdom, Suwarnabhumi, or Thuwunnabumi (Burmese: သထုံခေတ် [θətʰòʊɰ̃ kʰɪʔ] or သုဝဏ္ဏဘူမိ [θṵwəna̰ bʊ̀mḭ]) was a Mon kingdom, believed to have existed in Lower Burma from at least the 4th century BC to the middle of the 11th century AD.   One of many Mon kingdoms that existed in modern-day Lower Burma and Thailand, the kingdom was essentially a city-state centered on the city of Thaton.: 63, 77   It traded directly with South India and Sri Lanka, and became a primary center of Theravada Buddhism in South-East Asia. Thaton, like other Mon kingdoms, faced the gradual encroachment of the Khmer Empire.  But it was the Pagan kingdom from the north that conquered the fabled kingdom in 1057.

Lower Myanmar
Lower Myanmar (Burmese: အောက်မြန်မာပြည်, also called Lower Burma) is a geographic region of Myanmar and includes the low-lying Irrawaddy Delta (Ayeyarwady, Bago and Yangon Regions), as well as coastal regions of the country (Rakhine, Kayin and Mon States and Tanintharyi Region).

In the Burmese language, people originating from Upper Myanmar are typically called a-nya-tha for men and a-nya-thu for women, whereas those from Lower Myanmar are called auk tha (အောက်သား) for men and auk thu for women.

Green represents Upper Myanmar and Yellow represents Lower Myanmar
Diva Boy
Diva Boy is an unauthorized studio album released on 4 January 2019, featuring songs recorded by English singer-songwriter Sam Smith in 2008, when they were 16 years old. Smith and their first record label Venus & Mars Music parted ways in 2010 and the singer did not have creative control over his own music. The album was released without Smith's approval. It includes songs written mainly by John Conlon, Victoria Hemmings and William John Pearce. Two versions of the album were released, one with 10 tracks, and the "Film Soundtrack" version with 15 songs.

Moments (Freddy Verano song)
"Moments" is a song by German-Colombian producer Freddy Verano featuring Sam Smith, released as a single on 8 May 2015. It was included on Smith's 2015 album, The Lost Tapes – Remixed, which features their early recordings. The original version of the song, titled "Momentarily Mine", was recorded by Smith in 2008.
Transgenic hydra
Cnidarians such as Hydra have become attractive model organisms to study the evolution of immunity. However, despite long-term efforts, stably transgenic animals could not be generated, severely limiting the functional analysis of genes. For analytical purposes, therefore, an important technical breakthrough in the field was the development of a transgenic procedure for generation of stably transgenic lines by embryo microinjection.

Genetically modified animal
Genetically modified animals are animals that have been genetically modified for a variety of purposes including producing drugs, enhancing yields, increasing resistance to disease, etc. The vast majority of genetically modified animals are at the research stage while the number close to entering the market remains small.
Projectively unique polytope
In discrete geometry, a polytope is projectively unique (or projectively stable) if it has a unique convex realization up to projective transformations.

The study of projectively unique polytopes was initiated by Geoffrey C. Shephard, Micha Perles, Peter McMullen and Branko Grünbaum. Later significant contributions are also due to Karim Adiprasito and Günter M. Ziegler.

Discrete geometry
Discrete geometry and combinatorial geometry are branches of geometry that study combinatorial properties and constructive methods of discrete geometric objects.  Most questions in discrete geometry involve finite or discrete sets of basic geometric objects, such as points, lines, planes, circles, spheres, polygons, and so forth.  The subject focuses on the combinatorial properties of these objects, such as how they intersect one another, or how they may be arranged to cover a larger object.

Discrete geometry has a large overlap with convex geometry and computational geometry, and is closely related to subjects such as finite geometry, combinatorial optimization, digital geometry, discrete differential geometry, geometric graph theory, toric geometry, and combinatorial topology.
Baykar Bayraktar Akinci
Bayraktar Akinci (Turkish pronunciation: [bairaktar akinji], Raider lit. "Akinji") is a multirole high-altitude long-endurance (HALE) unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) being manufactured by the Turkish defence company Baykar. The first three units entered service with the Turkish Armed Forces on 29 August 2021.

The aircraft has a 6 ton maximum takeoff weight (MTOW), of which over 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) is payload. Depends on variants, Akıncı is equipped with two turboprop engines of either 450 hp (460 PS; 340 kW) or 750 hp (760 PS; 560 kW) or 850 hp (860 PS; 630 kW), as well as electronic support and ECM systems, dual satellite communication systems, air-to-air radar, collision avoidance radar, and advanced synthetic-aperture radar.

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
Chione californiensis
Chione californiensis, common name the California venus, is a species of medium-sized edible saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Veneridae, the venus clams.

The species was eaten by the indigenous peoples of California.

Veneridae
The Veneridae or venerids, common name: Venus clams, are a very large family of minute to large, saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs. Over 500 living species of venerid bivalves are known, most of which are edible, and many of which are exploited as food sources.

Many of the most important edible species are commonly known (in the US) simply as "clams". Venerids make up a significant proportion of the world fishery of edible bivalves. The family includes some species that are important commercially, such as (in the US) the hard clam or quahog, Mercenaria mercenaria.
Exurb
An exurb (sometimes exurban area), sometimes called and/or associated with a semi-rural area or subrural area,  is an urbanized area outside the typically denser inner suburban areas of a city, located at the edge of a metropolitan area. It has some of the same economic and commuting connection to the metro area as a typical suburb, but with considerably lower commercial density
and relatively high population growth.
It shapes an interface between urban and rural landscapes, holding a limited urban nature for its functional, economic, and social interaction with the urban center, due to its dominant residential character. Exurbs consist of "agglomerations of housing and jobs outside the municipal boundaries of a primary city" and beyond the surrounding suburbs.

Census tract
A census tract, census area, census district, or meshblock is a geographic region defined for the purpose of taking a census. Sometimes these coincide with the limits of cities, towns or other administrative areas and several tracts commonly exist within a county. In unincorporated areas of the United States these are often arbitrary, except for coinciding with political lines.

Census tracts represent the smallest territorial entity for which population data are available in many countries. In the United States, census tracts are subdivided into block groups and census blocks. In Canada, they are divided into dissemination areas. In the U.S., census tracts are "designed to be relatively homogeneous units with respect to population characteristics, economic status, and living conditions" and "average about 4,000 inhabitants".
Henry (Martian crater)
Henry is a large crater in the Arabia quadrangle of Mars.  It is 171 kilometres (106 mi) in diameter and was named after the brothers Paul Henry and Prosper Henry, both of whom were French telescope makers and astronomers.

Arago crater is to the east of Henry, Barth crater is to the southeast, and Pasteur crater is to the north.

Arabia quadrangle
The Arabia quadrangle is one of a series of 30 quadrangle maps of Mars used by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Astrogeology Research Program. The Arabia quadrangle is also referred to as MC-12 (Mars Chart-12).

The quadrangle contains part of the classic area of Mars known as Arabia. It also contains a part of Terra Sabaea and a small part of Meridiani Planum. It lies on the boundary between the young northern plains and the old southern highlands. The quadrangle covers the area from 315° to 360° west longitude and 0° to 30° north latitude.
Malekabad, Iranshahr
Malekabad (Persian: ملك اباد, also Romanized as Malekābād) is a village in Damen Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 204, in 34 families.

Damen Rural District
Damen Rural District (Persian: دهستان دامن) is in Damen District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kuran-e Sofla. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Zehlenfan.
Fbsp wavelet
In applied mathematics, fbsp wavelets are frequency B-spline wavelets.

These frequency B-spline wavelets are complex wavelets whose spectrum are spline.

where sinc function that appears in Shannon sampling theorem.

m > 1 is the order of the spline

fb is a bandwidth parameter

fc is the wavelet center frequency

The Shannon wavelet (sinc wavelet) is then clearly a special case of fbsp.

Spline wavelet
In the mathematical theory of wavelets, a spline wavelet is a wavelet constructed using a spline function. There are different types of spline wavelets. The interpolatory spline wavelets introduced by C.K. Chui and J.Z. Wang are based on a certain spline interpolation formula. Though these wavelets are orthogonal, they do not have compact supports. There is a certain class of wavelets, unique in some sense, constructed using B-splines and having compact supports.  Even though these wavelets are not orthogonal they have some special properties that  have made them quite popular.  The terminology spline wavelet is sometimes used to refer to the wavelets in this  class of  spline wavelets. These special wavelets are  also called B-spline wavelets and cardinal B-spline wavelets. The Battle-Lemarie wavelets are also wavelets constructed using spline functions.
Performance and modelling of AC transmission
Modelling of a transmission line is done to analyse its performance and characteristics. The gathered information vis simulating the model can be used to reduce losses or to compensate these losses. Moreover, it gives more insight into the working of transmission lines and helps to find a way to improve the overall transmission efficiency with minimum cost.

Ohm
The ohm (symbol: Ω, the uppercase Greek letter omega) is the unit of electrical resistance in the International System of Units (SI). It is named after German physicist Georg Ohm (1789–1854). Various empirically derived standard units for electrical resistance were developed in connection with early telegraphy practice, and the British Association for the Advancement of Science proposed a unit derived from existing units of mass, length and time, and of a convenient scale for practical work as early as 1861.

Following the 2019 revision of the SI, in which the ampere and the kilogram were redefined in terms of fundamental constants, the ohm is now also defined as an exact value in terms of these constants.
Brachodes tristis
Brachodes tristis is a moth of the family Brachodidae. It is found in Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Greece and the Near East.

The wingspan is 20–23 mm. The forewings are orange brown with a black margin.

Brachodidae
Brachodidae is a family of day-flying moths, commonly known as little bear moths, which contains about 135 species distributed around much of the world (Edwards et al. 1999). The relationships and status of the presently included genera are not well understood.
86 Aquarii
86 Aquarii (abbreviated 86 Aqr) is a binary star system in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. 86 Aquarii is the Flamsteed designation, though it also bears the Bayer designation c1 Aquarii. It is faint but visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.47. Based upon parallax measurements, the distance to this star is about 220 light-years (67 parsecs).

The two components of this system have an angular separation of 0.25 arcseconds. The brighter component is a giant star with a spectral classification of G8 III and an apparent magnitude of 4.79. The effective temperature of its outer atmosphere is 4,900 K, giving it the yellowish glow of a G-type star. The fainter component is a star of magnitude 6.77.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Ñublense
Club Deportivo Ñublense (Spanish pronunciation: [ɲuˈβlense]) is a professional football team based in Chillán, Ñuble Region, Chile. The club was formed in 1916 under the name of Liceo Fútbol Club. They compete in Chile's Primera División.

Campeonato Nacional Primera B
The Campeonato Nacional de la Primera B del Fútbol Profesional Chileno (English: National Championship of the First B of Chilean Professional Football) is the second tier in the Chilean football league system, and is organized by the Asociación Nacional de Fútbol Profesional. It was established in 1952 as Segunda División, and later renamed in 1996 to the current name. Since 1954, automatic promotion to and relegation from the Campeonato Nacional has been granted, although Palestino and Rangers were promoted to the top flight in the first season.
Comic book collecting
Comic book collecting is a hobby that treats comic books and related items as collectibles or artwork to be sought after and preserved. Though considerably more recent than the collecting of postage stamps (philately) or books (bibliophilia), it has a major following around the world today and is partially responsible for the increased interest in comics after the temporary slump experienced during the 1980s.

Secret Wars
Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars, commonly known as Secret Wars, is a 12-issue American comic book crossover limited series published from May 1984 to April 1985 by Marvel Comics. The series was written by Jim Shooter, with art by Mike Zeck, Bob Layton, and John Beatty. It was tied in with a similarly named toy line from Mattel and a role-playing game of the same name from TSR, Inc.
Cuneopalpus
Cuneopalpus is a genus of damp barklice in the family Elipsocidae. There is one described species in the genus, Cuneopalpus cyanops. C. cyanops is found in Benelux, Croatia,  Greece, Italy, Ireland, Scandinavia, the United Kingdom, Central Europe, northern Asia, and North America. They are orange in color. It feeds on hemlock, oak and sea buckthorn.

It was first formally described as Eclipsocus cyanops in 1876, but moved to the newly erected genus Cuneopalpus in 1943 by French entomologist André Badonnel in his Faune de France: 42, Pscocoptères (Fauna of France: 42, Psocoptera).

Elipsocidae
Elipsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the infraorder Homilopsocidea. Members of the family have a free areola postica. Many species are apterous (without wings). The family includes about 130 species in more than 30 genera.
Miss Alaska
The Miss Alaska competition is a scholarship pageant that selects the representative for the state of Alaska in the Miss America pageant. Unlike most state-level pageants in the Miss America system, Alaska allows any eligible woman to enter the Miss Alaska pageant without first having to win a local qualifying pageant. Emma Broyles was crowned Miss America 2022 on December 16, 2021. She is the first woman from Alaska to win the title, and only the third woman from Alaska to place at Miss America.

Suparat Prasannet of Anchorage was crowned Miss Alaska 2025 on June 12, 2025, at Bartlett High School in Anchorage. She competed for the title of Miss America 2026 in September 2025, in Orlando, Florida.

Miss America
Miss America is an annual competition that is open to women from the United States between the ages of 18 and 28. Originating in 1921 as a "bathing beauty revue", the contest is judged on competition segments with scoring percentages: Private Interview (30%) – a 10-minute press conference-style interview with a panel of judges, On Stage Question (10%) – answering a judge's question onstage, Talent or HER Story (20%) – a performance talent or 90 second speech, Health and Fitness (20%) – demonstrated physical fitness onstage dressed in athletic wear, and Evening Gown (20%) – modeling evening-wear onstage.

The previous year's titleholder crowns the winner. Miss America 2026 is Cassie Donegan of New York, who was crowned on September 7, 2025, at the Dr Phillips Center for the Performing Arts in Orlando, Florida.
1947 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The 1947 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was the 26th staging of the All-Ireland Junior Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1912.

Kilkenny entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten in the Leinster Championship.

The All-Ireland final was played on 14 September 1947 at Enniscorthy Sportsfield, between Cork and London, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Cork won the match by 3–10 to 2–03 to claim their fifth championship title overall and a first title since 1940.

1940 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The 1940 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was the 23rd staging of the All-Ireland Junior Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1912.

Galway entered the championship as the defending champions.

The All-Ireland final was played on 25 August 1940 at the Gaelic Grounds in Limerick, between Cork and Galway, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Cork won the match by 3–03 to 2–01 to claim their fourth championship title overall and a first title since 1925.
St John's Abbey, Colchester
St John's Abbey, also called Colchester Abbey, was a Benedictine monastic institution in Colchester, Essex, founded in 1095. It was dissolved in 1539. Most of the abbey buildings were subsequently demolished to construct a large private house on the site, which was itself destroyed in fighting during the 1648 siege of Colchester. The only substantial remnant is the elaborate gatehouse, while the foundations of the abbey church were only rediscovered in 2010.

Siege of Colchester
The siege of Colchester occurred in the summer of 1648 when the Second English Civil War reignited in several areas of Britain. Colchester found itself in the thick of the unrest when a Royalist army on its way through East Anglia to raise support for the King, was attacked by Lord-General Thomas Fairfax at the head of a Parliamentary force. The Parliamentarians' initial attack forced the Royalist army to retreat behind the town's walls, but they were unable to bring about victory, so they settled down to a siege. Despite the horrors of the siege, the Royalists resisted for eleven weeks and only surrendered following the defeat of the Royalist army in Northern England at the Battle of Preston (1648).