hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jean-Baptiste Olivier
Jean-Baptiste Olivier (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist ɔlivje]; 25 December 1765 – 27 September 1813) enlisted in the French Royal Army as foot soldier in 1781. During the French Revolutionary Wars he was promoted general of brigade, fighting at Kaiserslautern, Fleurus, and Neuwied. He famously observed the action at Fleurus from a hot air balloon. In 1799 he transferred to the Army of Naples as a general of division. He fought at the Trebbia where he was severely wounded, losing a leg. During the Napoleonic Wars he held military commands in the interior and was appointed Baron of the Empire and Grand Officer of the Légion d'honneur. He died in 1813. Olivier is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe.

Names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe
The following is a list of the 660 names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. Most of them represent generals who served during the French First Republic (1792–1804) and the First French Empire (1804–1815). Underlined names signify those killed in action. Additionally, the names of specific armies are listed, grouped together by the four compass facades of the arch: North (northern France, lower Rhine, Netherlands), East (Central Europe, Switzerland, Italy), South (Mediterranean Europe, Egypt, southern France) and West (Pyrenees, western France, notable units).

Related list: Battles inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe.

Northern pillar  Armies of northern France, the lower Rhine and the Netherlands.

Eastern pillar  Armies of Central Europe, Switzerland and Italy.

Southern pillar  Armies of Mediterranean Europe, Egypt and southern France.

Western pillar  Armies of the Pyrenees, western France and notable units.
Croatian World Games
The Croatian World Games (Croatian: Hrvatske svjetske igre, Spanish: Juegos Croatas Mundiales, Juegos Mundiales Croatas) are an Olympics-style amateur multi-sport competition pitting autochthonous Croat communities in Croatia and neighbouring nations against each other and Croatian diaspora communities, representing countries they live in. The event is organized by the Croatian Olympic Committee and the Croatian World Congress. It is also known under the unofficial name Crolympics (Croatian: Crolimpijada), with the motto "Olympic games with Croatian sign".

The goal of the Games is connecting young Croats from all over the world through sports and cultural gatherings, and to encourage them to cultivate their Croatian identity.

Krashovani
The Krashovani (Romanian: Carașoveni, Croatian: Krašovani) are a Croat community inhabiting Carașova and Lupac in the Caraș-Severin County within Romanian Banat. They are Catholic by faith and speak a Torlakian dialect.
Usdibad
Usdibad (Latin: Usdibadus, Uzdibaldus;[a] fl. 566–567) was a Gepid military commander (dux) and fugitive that received refuge by Byzantine Emperor Justin II (r. 565–574) during the Lombard–Gepid War (567).

In 566, Lombard king Alboin concluded a treaty with the Pannonian Avars, to whom he promised the Gepids' land in case they won over them. The Gepids were destroyed by the Avars and Lombards in 567. Gepid king Cunimund was killed by Alboin himself. The Avars now occupied "Gepidia", forming the Avar Khaganate. The Byzantine Emperor intervened and took control of Sirmium (now Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia), also giving refuge to Gepid leader Usdibad, but the rest of Gepidia was taken by the Avars. According to István Bóna, Usdibad was probably a secret rival of Cunimund, and crossed the Sava to the Byzantines after the defeat.

Justin II
Justin II (Latin: Iustinus; Ancient Greek: Ἰουστῖνος, romanized: Ioustînos; died 5 October 578) was Eastern Roman emperor from 565 until 578. He was the nephew of Justinian I and the husband of Sophia, the niece of Justinian's wife Theodora.

Justin II inherited a greatly enlarged but overextended empire, with far fewer resources at his disposal compared to Justinian I. He ended the payment of tributes and adopted a hardline stance against the empire's neighbours, which resulted in rekindling of war with the Sassanid Empire, and in a Lombard invasion which cost the Romans much of their territory in Italy. His war against the Persians were generally unsuccessful, and his later reign was marked by severe mental illness.
Hing Man Estate
Hing Man Estate (Chinese: 興民邨) is a public housing estate in Chai Wan, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong located at the north of Hing Wah Estate and near Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital. It consists of three Cruciform-typed residential blocks completed in 1982.

Shan Tsui Court (Chinese: 山翠苑) is a Home Ownership Scheme court in Chai Wan, next to Hing Man Estate. It has four residential blocks completed in 1981.

Chai Wan
22°16′N 114°14′E﻿ / ﻿22.27°N 114.24°E﻿ / 22.27; 114.24

Chai Wan (/ˌtʃaɪ ˈwɑːn/; Chinese: 柴灣), formerly known as Sai Wan (西灣), lies at the east end of the urban area of Hong Kong Island next to Shau Kei Wan. The area is administratively part of the Eastern District, and is a mosaic of industrial and residential areas. The population was 186,505 in 2001.
Ficus ampelos
Ficus ampelos is a species of fig in the family Moraceae, native to Bangladesh, the Nicobar Islands, Malesia, Papuasia, Taiwan, and the Ryukyu Islands. A small evergreen tree, it is usually found in broad-leafed evergreen forests at around 600 m (2,000 ft) in elevation.

Ficus
Ficus (/ˈfaɪkəs/ or /ˈfiːkəs/) is a genus of about 850 species of woody trees, shrubs, vines, epiphytes and hemiepiphytes in the family Moraceae. Collectively known as fig trees or figs, they are native throughout the tropics with a few species extending into the semi-warm temperate zone. Many Ficus species are grown for their fruits, though only two species, the common fig (F. carica) and sycamore fig (F. sycomorus), are cultivated to any extent, with common fig being the type species and by far the most important. The fruit of most other species are also edible though they are usually of only local economic importance or eaten as bushfood. However, they are extremely important food resources for wildlife. Figs are also of considerable cultural importance throughout the tropics, both as objects of worship and for their many practical uses.
Denis Grachev (fighter)
Denis Alexandrovich Grachev (Russian: Денис Александрович Грачев) (born August 3, 1982) is a Russian boxer, kickboxer, and mixed martial artist residing in the United States. Grachev was the IKF Muay Thai world light cruiserweight champion.

World Association of Kickboxing Organizations
The World Association of Kickboxing Organizations (W.A.K.O or WAKO) is an international kickboxing organization counting over 120 affiliated countries representing all five continents. WAKO is a major governing body of amateur kickboxing and is responsible for the development of kickboxing worldwide. The organization was officially recognized as an official kickboxing governing body by Sport Accord. WAKO is recognized by the Global Association of International Sports Federations (GAISF) and the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
Keith Kloor
Keith Kloor is an American freelance writer and journalism professor. He teaches magazine article writing as an adjunct lecturer for the Arthur L. Carter journalism institute at New York University, as well as Urban Environmental Reporting at the CUNY Graduate School of Journalism and is a former fellow of the Center for Environmental Journalism. He lives in Brooklyn, New York.

Cosmos (Australian magazine)
Cosmos (subtitled The Science of Everything) is a science magazine published in Adelaide, South Australia, by CSIRO Publishing that covers science globally. It appears four times a year in print as Cosmos Magazine, and the online edition is updated daily with news as well as long features and multi-media content, and includes the print magazine content. Cosmos Weekly is a subscription-based weekly online edition published on Fridays, and a podcast was launched in April 2022. The print version ended in the summer of 2025.
Alex Shapiro
Alex Shapiro (born January 11, 1962, in New York City, NY) is an American composer and creator advocate. Her acoustic and electroacoustic music concert works are characterized by their genre eclecticism incorporating influences including minimalism, 12-tone serialism, pop, jazz, electronic dance music, and cinematically inspired sound worlds.

National Association for Music Education
The National Association for Music Education (NAfME) is an organization of American music educators dedicated to advancing and preserving music education as part of the core curriculum of schools in the United States.  Founded in 1907 as the Music Supervisors National Conference (MSNC), the organization was known from 1934 to 1998 as the Music Educators National Conference (origin of the MENC acronym).  From 1998 to 2011 it was known as "MENC: The National Association for Music Education."  On September 1, 2011, the organization changed its acronym from MENC to NAfME. On March 8, 2012, the organization's name legally became National Association for Music Education, using the acronym "NAfME". It has approximately 58,000 members, and NAfME's headquarters are located in Herndon, Virginia

As of January 2025, Deb Confredo is the current president of NAfME, and the interim executive director is Christopher Woodside.
FC Chita
FC Chita is a Russian football club based in Chita. The club was founded in 1984 as a result of reorganization of FC Lokomotiv Chita which was excluded from the First Division. FC Chita was admitted to the Second Division.

Russian Second League
The Russian Second League (Russian: Первенство России II дивизиона ФНЛ), formerly the Russian Professional Football League, are both the third (Division A) and fourth level (Division B) of Russian professional football.
North American monsoon
The North American monsoon, variously known as the Southwest monsoon, the Mexican monsoon, the New Mexican monsoon, or the Arizona monsoon is a pattern of pronounced seasonal increase in thunderstorms and rainfall over large areas of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico.

Geographically, the weather pattern is centered over the Sierra Madre Occidental in the Mexican states of Sinaloa, Durango, Sonora and Chihuahua, and typically occurs between June and mid-September. Thunderstorms are fueled by daytime heating and build up during the late afternoon and early evening. Typically, these storms dissipate by late night, and the next day starts out fair, with the cycle repeating daily. The cycle typically loses its energy by mid-September when much drier conditions are reestablished over the region.

Whether the North American monsoon is a true monsoon remains controversial.

Gulf of California
The Gulf of California (Spanish: Golfo de California), also known as the Sea of Cortés (Mar de Cortés) or Sea of Cortez, or less commonly as the Vermilion Sea (Mar Vermejo), is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean that separates the Baja California peninsula from the Mexican mainland. It is bordered by the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, and Sinaloa with a coastline of approximately 4,000 km (2,500 mi). Rivers that flow into the Gulf of California include the Colorado, Fuerte, Mayo, Sinaloa, Sonora, and the Yaqui. The surface of the gulf is about 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi). Maximum depths exceed 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) because of the complex geology, linked to plate tectonics.

The gulf is thought to be one of the most diverse seas on Earth and is home to more than 5,000 species of micro-invertebrates. Parts of the Gulf of California are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene
Tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene (TDAE) is an organic compound with the formula ((CH3)2N)2C=C(N(CH3)2)2,  It is a colorless liquid. It is classified as an enamine. Primary and secondary enamines tend to isomerize, but tertiary enamines are kinetically stable. One unusual feature of TDAE is that it is a tetra-enamine. The pi-donating tendency of the amine groups strongly enhances the basicity of the molecule, which does exhibit properties of a typical alkene.

Enamine
An enamine is a functional group with the formula R2N−C(R′)=CR″2. Enamines are reagents used in organic synthesis and are intermediates in some enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

The word "enamine" is derived from the affix en-, used as the suffix of alkene, and the root amine. This can be compared with enol, which is a functional group containing both alkene (en-) and alcohol (-ol). Enamines are nitrogen analogs of enols.

Enamines are both good nucleophiles and good bases.  Their behavior as carbon-based nucleophiles is explained with reference to the following resonance structures.

Resonance structures for an enamine
Ōmachi, Nagano
Ōmachi (大町市, Ōmachi-shi) is a city located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 March 2019, the city had an estimated population of 27,559 in 11861 households, and a population density of 49 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 565.15 square kilometres (218.21 sq mi).

Kitaazumi District, Nagano
Kitaazumi (北安曇郡, Kitaazumi-gun) is a district located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2023, the district has an estimated population of 29,918 with a density of 54.9 persons per km2. The total area is 544.5 km2.
Curry Without Worry
Curry Without Worry is a San Francisco, California-based soup kitchen known for its menu of Nepalese cuisine. The charity serves free dinner to mostly impoverished persons on Tuesday afternoons from kiosks that simultaneously operate in San Francisco and Kathmandu. Curry Without Worry also encourages "successful people" to eat at its kiosks as a way to emphasize similarities between persons of different economic strata. Meals are vegan and typically include rice, kwati, curried vegetables, spicy achar, timur chutney and flatbread.

South Asian pickle
South Asian pickles, known as achar among other names, are pickled and often highly-spiced condiments made from a variety of vegetables and fruits preserved in brine, vinegar, edible oils, and South Asian spices. The pickles are popular across South Asia, with many regional variants. They accompany many main dishes. Since the Columbian exchange, which brought chili peppers to India, pickles have often been hotly-spiced.
1999 South Dublin County Council election
An election to South Dublin County Council took place on 10 June 1999 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 26 councillors were elected from five local electoral areas  for a five-year term of office on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

1999 Irish local elections
The 1999 Irish local elections were held in all the counties, cities and towns of Ireland on Friday, 11 June 1999, on the same day as the European elections.

Ireland was divided into local government areas of administrative counties and county boroughs, in which the local authorities had last been elected at the 1991 local elections, and a second tier in certain areas of boroughs, urban districts and towns, in which the local authorities had last been elected at the 1994 local elections. The elections had been scheduled for 1998, but were postponed.

Each local government area was divided into local electoral areas (LEAs) in which councillors were elected for a five-year term on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). During the period of office of these councils, local government throughout the state was restructured under the Local Government Act 2001.
Koblenz-Ehrenbreitstein station
Koblenz-Ehrenbreitstein station is the only station on the right (eastern) bank in the city  of Koblenz in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is on the East Rhine railway (German: Rechte Rheinstrecke, Right Rhine line) at the foot of the Ehrenbreitstein hill in the Ehrenbreitstein district, next to the Rhine.

Koblenz Hauptbahnhof
Koblenz Hauptbahnhof is a railway station in the city of Koblenz in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is the focal point of rail transport in the Rhine-Moselle-Lahn area. It is a through station in southern Koblenz built below Fort Großfürst Konstantin and opened in 1902 in the Neustadt (new city), which was built after the demolition of the city walls in 1890. The station replaced two former stations on the Left Rhine railway, which were only 900 m (3,000 ft) apart, and the former Moselle line station. Koblenz-Stadtmitte station opened in April 2011 in the old centre of Koblenz. Koblenz Hauptbahnhof is on the West Rhine Railway and connects to the Moselle line, the East Rhine Railway and to the Lahntal railway. It is used daily by about 40,000 travelers and visitors.  In the station forecourt are a bus station and a pavilion.

Since 2002, the station has been part of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley UNESCO World Heritage site.
Stad Bergen
Stad Bergen was a Dutch 18th-century one-masted galiot. The ship weighed 50 BRT and had a depth of 5 metres. Its home port was Terschelling. The ship was owned by Arnold Hooghart, a merchant from Amsterdam. The captain of the ship was Cornelis Wopkes Vos from Terschelling.

Galiot
A galiot, galliot or galiote, was a small galley boat propelled by sail or oars. There are three different types of naval galiots that sailed on different seas.

A galiote was a type of French flat-bottom river boat or barge and also a flat-bottomed boat with a simple sail for transporting wine.
Kačupys
The Kačupys is a river of Kėdainiai district municipality, Kaunas County, central Lithuania. It is the right tributary of the Dotnuvėlė river. It starts from the Krakės-Dotnuva forest, then goes through Siponiai and meets the Dotnuvėlė nearby Vainotiškiai village.

The name Kačupys means 'Cat River' (i. e. is could mean 'petty, inferior river').

Krakės–Dotnuva Forest
The Krakės–Dotnuva Forest (Lithuanian: Krakių-Dotnuvos miškai) is a forest in Kėdainiai District Municipality, central Lithuania, located 1.5 km from Krakės and 4 km from Dotnuva. It covers 32.8 km2 area. The rivers Jaugila, Smilgaitis, Tranys, Girotakis drain the forest.

As of 2005, 38% of the area was covered by birch, 25% by spruce, 13% by aspen, 8% by ash, 7% by oak tree groups. The fauna of the forest consists of moose, wild boar, roe deer, red deer, also there are beavers, black storks, middle spotted woodpeckers. The forest is included into Dotnuva-Josvainiai Biosphere Polygon.
Duchesneodus
Duchesneodus is a large brontothere endemic to North America. It lived during the Late Eocene 40.4—37.2 mya, existing for approximately 3 million years. The skeletal characteristic of the mammal was defined by the dome size that was sexually in two distinct forms. The females had a lower but prominent dome while the males had larger domes. Several species of Duchesneodus have been named historically, though only one is recognized as valid today, D. uintensis.

Brontotheriidae
Brontotheriidae is a family of extinct mammals belonging to the order Perissodactyla, the order that includes horses, rhinoceroses, and tapirs. Superficially, they looked rather like rhinos with some developing bony nose horns, and were some of the earliest mammals to have evolved large body sizes of several tonnes. They lived around 56–34 million years ago, until the very close of the Eocene. Brontotheres had a Holarctic distribution, with the exception of Western Europe: they occupied North America, Asia, and Eastern Europe. They were the first fossilized mammals to be discovered west of the Mississippi, and were first discovered in South Dakota.
Jhansi Fort
Jhansi Fort or Jhansi ka Qila is a fortress situated on a large hilltop called Bangira, in Uttar Pradesh. It served as a stronghold of the Karhade Brahmin Kings in Balwant Nagar (old name of Jhansi) from the 11th through the 17th century.

There was another British fortress called the Star Fort which was located south of the main fortress of the town, at Jhansi Cantt. It was a primary British settlement in the town and had been constructed in accordance to a treaty of the British with the Newalkar Maharaja of Jhansi in 1804, through which Jhansi became subordinate to the British. The Star Fort was stormed by a Bengal infantry in June 1857, during the rebellion.

Gangadhar Rao
Maharaj Gangadhar Rao Newalkar (4 April 1797– 21 November 1853) was the 5th Raja of Jhansi situated in northern India (formerly a vassal kingdom of Maratha Empire however, the British East India Company became its overlord in 1804 during the Second Anglo Maratha War). During his lifetime Jhasi was considered to be part of the larger region of Bundelkhand. He was a Marathi Karhade bhatt Brahmin. He was the son of Shiv Rao Bhau and a descendant of Raghunath Hari Newalkar, the first governor of Jhansi under Maratha rule. He was the husband of Rani Lakshmibai, who became a symbol of resistance to the Company's rule during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Jazz Standard (jazz club)
Jazz Standard was a jazz club located at 116 East 27th Street in the Rose Hill neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It frequently hosted well-known bands and musicians. The club was owned by restaurateur Danny Meyer and was located in the basement of one of his Blue Smoke restaurants.

The magazine New York listed the club as a "top 5 jazz joint". The New York City Jazz Record named Jazz Standard the "venue of the year" 2017.

Rose Hill, Manhattan
40°44′31″N 73°58′59″W﻿ / ﻿40.742°N 73.983°W﻿ / 40.742; -73.983

Rose Hill is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan, between the neighborhoods of Murray Hill to the north and Gramercy Park to the south, Kips Bay to the east, the Flatiron District to the southwest, and NoMad to the northwest. The formerly unnamed area is sometimes considered to be a part of NoMad, because the name "Rose Hill" was chiefly used for the area in the 18th and 19th centuries, and is not very commonly used to refer to the area in the modern day.

The AIA Guide to New York City defines Rose Hill as the area bounded by 23rd Street to the south, 32nd Street to the north, Madison Avenue to the west, and Third Avenue to the east. The president of the Rose Hill Neighborhood Association considers the eastern boundary to be the East River. The Rose Hill neighborhood straddles Manhattan Community Districts 5 and 6.
Sar Bisheh-ye Olya
Sar Bisheh-ye Olya (Persian: سربيشه عليا, also Romanized as Sar Bīsheh-ye ‘Olyā) is a village in Bahmayi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District, Dishmok District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 304, in 61 families.

Bahmayi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District
Bahmayi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District (Persian: دهستان بهمئي سرحدئ شرقي) is in Dishmuk District of Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Dishmuk.
454 Mathesis
454 Mathesis is a main-belt asteroid that was discovered by German astronomer Friedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann on March 28, 1900.  Its provisional name was 1900 FC.

Photometric observations of this asteroid at the Altimira Observatory in 2004 gave a light curve with a period of 8.37784 ± 0.00003 hours and a brightness variation of 0.32 in magnitude. This differs from periods of 7.075 hours reported in 1994 and 7.745 hours in 1998.

Friedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann
Friedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann (25 March 1870 – 19 January 1964) was a German astronomer and a discoverer of 22 minor planets and 4 comets, who worked at AOP in Potsdam and at Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg.

He was co-discoverer with Arno Arthur Wachmann of the periodic comets 29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann, 31P/Schwassmann–Wachmann and 73P/Schwassmann–Wachmann, and with Arno Arthur Wachmann and Leslie Peltier of the non-periodic comet C/1930 D1 (Peltier–Schwassmann–Wachmann). The main-belt asteroid 989 Schwassmannia, discovered by himself in 1922, was later named in his honor (H 94).