hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Phakrases
John Phakrases (Greek: Ἱωάννης Φακρασῆς, fl. early 14th century) was a Byzantine nobleman and courtier.

Little is known about his life. His father, whose name is unknown, was logothetes ton agelon, and he was possibly the grandson of a namesake 13th-century official who was a friend and correspondent of Patriarch Gregory II of Constantinople. Of his career, it is only known that Phakrases served as parakoimomenos under Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos (r. 1282–1328). Maximos Planoudes intended to teach him, and a manuscript names him as the author of a list of offices in verse. Phakrases was married and had children. Their names are unknown, as is that of his wife, on whose death Manuel Gabalas composed a funeral elegy.

Maximus Planudes
Maximus Planudes (Ancient Greek: Μάξιμος Πλανούδης, Máximos Planoúdēs; c. 1260 – c. 1305) was a Byzantine Greek monk, scholar, anthologist, translator, mathematician, grammarian and theologian at Constantinople. Through his translations from Latin into Greek and from Greek into Latin, he brought the Greek East and the Latin West into closer contact with one another. He is now best known as a compiler of the Greek Anthology.
Hyblaea xanthia
Hyblaea xanthia is a moth in the family Hyblaeidae described by George Hampson in 1910. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga), the Seychelles (Aldabra), South Africa and Zambia.

Hyblaeidae
Hyblaeidae are the "teak moths", a family of insects in the Lepidopteran order. The two genera with about 18 species make up one of the two families of the Hyblaeoidea superfamily (the other family being the monotypic Prodidactidae), which in the past has been included in the Pyraloidea. 
Recent phylogenetic studies find varying relationships of Hyblaeoidea among Ditrysian Lepidoptera: Mutanen et al. (2010) find the superfamily to group either with Pyraloidea, or – more often – with Thyridoidea or butterflies. The results of Wahlberg et al. (2013) and Heikilä et al. (2015) indicate a sister-group relationship with Pyraloidea.

Males have a specialised "hair-pencil" on the hindleg.

The genus Hyblaea is distributed throughout the Old World tropics, and Torone in the Neotropics. Caterpillar host plants are well known and comprise almost exclusively species of the families Bignoniaceae, Verbenaceae, the mangrove families Avicenniaceae and Rhizophoraceae and a few other families.
Veronica stenophylla
Veronica stenophylla is a species of hebe or veronica, endemic to New Zealand. It has three subspecies, two of which are considered as Naturally Uncommon. it can be very difficult to distinguish from other similar veronicas. It is found in both the North and South Island.

Veronica (plant)
Veronica is the largest genus in the flowering plant family Plantaginaceae, with about 500 species. It was formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae. Common names include speedwell, bird's eye, and gypsyweed.

Taxonomy for this genus was changed in the early 21st century, with the genus Hebe and the related Australasian genera Derwentia, Detzneria, Chionohebe, Heliohebe, Leonohebe and Parahebe now included. Monophyly of the genus is supported by nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cpDNA.

The taxa of the genus are herbaceous annuals or perennials, and also subshrubs, shrubs or small trees when Hebe is included. Most of the species are from the temperate Northern Hemisphere, though with some species from the Southern Hemisphere; Veronica sect. Hebe is mostly from New Zealand.
INS Shardul (2004)
INS Shardul (L16) (lit. 'Tiger') is the lead ship of the Shardul-class tank landing ship of the Indian Navy. On 3 October 2008, Shardul was affiliated to the 5 Armoured Regiment of the Indian Army in an on-board ceremony, at the Mumbai Naval Base.

Shardul-class tank landing ship
Shardul-class (lit. 'Tiger') landing ships are large amphibious warfare vessels built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers for the Indian Navy. They are an evolution of the Magar-class amphibious landing ships. Initially, the ship was classified as Landing Ship Tank (Large) or LST(L). The class has an indigenous content of over 90%. The ships also carry four landing craft vehicle personnel (LCVP) on board, which can be used for the landing of troops.
Khelo India Youth Games
Khelo India Youth Games (KIYG) are the annual national level multidisciplinary grassroot games in India held in January or February for two categories, namely under-17 years school students and under-21 college students. Every year best 1,000 kids will be given an annual scholarship of ₹5 lakh (US$5,900) for 8 years to prepare them for the international sporting events.

The Training of Trainers Programme was held in December 2018–January 2019 in the first phase. A total of 160 young athletes were trained in 4 batches of 40 each in the December to January period. It will continue semi-annually or quarterly to include all the interested teachers, principals, vice-principals and physical education trainers.

Indira Gandhi Arena
The Indira Gandhi Arena (officially Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium), formerly known as the Indraprashtha Stadium, is located at the Indraprastha Estate in the eastern part of New Delhi. It is the largest indoor sports arena in India and among the largest in Asia. The multi-purpose arena is regularly used by tennis club Indian Aces and DSA Senior Division Futsal League.
Kim Mi-yong
Kim Mi-Yong (Korean: 김미영; born 6 May 1983) is a North Korean table tennis player. He was born in Nampo, South Pyongan Province. She won a gold medal, as a member of the North Korea table tennis team, at the 2002 Asian Games in Busan, South Korea, and silver at the 2001 World Table Tennis Championships in Osaka, Japan. As of January 2010, Kim is ranked no. 84 in the world by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF). Kim is a member of the table tennis team for Abrokkang Sports Club, and is coached and trained by Ri To Yong. She is also left-handed, and uses the offensive, classic grip.

Kim qualified for the women's singles tournament, along with her teammate Kim Jong at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, by receiving a place as one of the top 7 seeded players from the Asian Qualification Tournament in Hong Kong. She received a single bye for the first round match, before losing out to Lithuania's Rūta Paškauskienė, with a set score of 3–4.

Rūta Paškauskienė
Rūta Paškauskienė (born 29 March 1977) is a Lithuanian table tennis player. Since 1994, she won several medals in singles, and doubles events in the Table Tennis European Championships.

She competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics, reaching the second round of the singles competition.

She was born in Kaunas, and resides there.
Drunken shrimp
Drunken shrimp (simplified Chinese: 醉虾; traditional Chinese: 醉蝦; pinyin: zuìxiā), also known as drunken prawns, is a popular dish in parts of China based on freshwater shrimp eaten cooked or raw. The shrimp are immersed in liquor to make consumption easier, thus the name "drunken". Different parts of China have different recipes for the dish. For example, the shrimp are sometimes soaked in alcohol and then cooked in boiling water rather than served live, and in other recipes cooked shrimp are marinated in alcohol after they are boiled. Another version is based on shrimp that are submerged in a bowl of rice wine. The rice wine forces the shrimp to expel their wastes; the shrimp are then eaten, generally after their movement has ceased.

Consuming uncooked freshwater shrimps may be a serious health hazard due to the risk of paragonimiasis.

Eating live seafood
The practice of eating live seafood, such as fish, crab, oysters, baby shrimp, or baby octopus, is widespread. 
Oysters are typically eaten live. The view that oysters are acceptable to eat, even by strict ethical criteria, was propounded in the seminal 1975 text Animal Liberation, by philosopher Peter Singer. However, subsequent editions have reversed this position (advocating against eating oysters). Singer has stated that he has "gone back and forth on this over the years", and as of 2010 states that "while you could give them the benefit of the doubt, you could also say that unless some new evidence of a capacity for pain emerges, the doubt is so slight that there is no good reason for avoiding eating sustainably produced oysters".
Fredholm alternative
In mathematics, the Fredholm alternative, named after Ivar Fredholm, is one of Fredholm's theorems and is a result in Fredholm theory. It may be expressed in several ways, as a theorem of linear algebra, a theorem of integral equations, or as a theorem on Fredholm operators. Part of the result states that a non-zero complex number in the spectrum of a compact operator is an eigenvalue.

Spectral theory of compact operators
In functional analysis, compact operators are linear operators on Banach spaces that map bounded sets to relatively compact sets. In the case of a Hilbert space H, the compact operators are the closure of the finite rank operators in the uniform operator topology. In general, operators on infinite-dimensional spaces feature properties that do not appear in the finite-dimensional case, i.e. for matrices. The compact operators are notable in that they share as much similarity with matrices as one can expect from a general operator. In particular, the spectral properties of compact operators resemble those of square matrices.

This article first summarizes the corresponding results from the matrix case before discussing the spectral properties of compact operators. The reader will see that most statements transfer verbatim from the matrix case.

The spectral theory of compact operators was first developed by F. Riesz.
Life... But How to Live It?
Life... But How to Live It? was a Norwegian band, formed in Oslo in 1988. They played their first show at UFFA, Trondheim October 22, 1988, and their final show at Kampen Verksted, Oslo, April 2, 1994.

German punk
German punk includes a body of music and a subculture that have evolved since punk rock became popular in Germany in the 1970s. Within the subculture of punk in Germany, a style of music called Deutschpunk was developed; this style of music has developed distinctly from hardcore punk, and includes lyrics in German as well as a fast tempo. In the punk scene in Germany, some bands play music in the Deutschpunk style, while other German punk bands pursue various other styles of punk music.
The Rights Workshop
The Rights Workshop is a music supervision group based in the Presidio Film Center in San Francisco,  California. Formed in 2002 by Billboard Award-winning producer, author and former ESPN Music Director Brooke Wentz, The Rights Workshop programs music and negotiates clearances and licensing rights for producers and directors of independent film, television, advertising, new media, games, apps, as well as services for corporate marketing.

In 2009, The Rights Workshop began representing composers under the label Salty Sounds.

Other ventures include Synklynk, a tool to track music downloads.

Music licensing
Music licensing is the licensed use of copyrighted music. Music licensing is intended to ensure that the owners of copyrights on musical works are compensated for certain uses of their work. A purchaser has limited rights to use the work without a separate agreement.
Glamorganshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Glamorganshire was a parliamentary constituency in Wales, returning two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the English and later British House of Commons. The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 divided it into five new constituencies: East Glamorganshire, South Glamorganshire, Mid Glamorganshire, Gower and Rhondda.

Mid Glamorganshire (UK Parliament constituency)
Mid Glamorganshire was a county constituency in Glamorganshire, Wales.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.
Bryant Range
The Bryant Range is a range of low mountains in the northern South Island of New Zealand. They form part of the boundary of the Nelson and Tasman Districts with Marlborough Region, as well as forming the western boundary of Mount Richmond Forest Park The range is traversed by State Highway 6 at the Rai Saddle close to its northern end.

The Bryant Range runs roughly northeast to southwest for some 35 kilometres, starting south of Delaware Bay and extending to its junction with the larger Richmond Range south of the town of Richmond. It is bounded in the east by the valleys of the Pelorus, Rai, and Ronga Rivers, and in the west by the Whangamoa River, Roding, and Teal Rivers. The range has several peaks over 1000 metres in height, notably Saddle Hill (1215m) and Mount Duppa (1133m).

Delaware Bay (New Zealand)
Delaware Bay is an indentation in the New Zealand South Island coast east of Pepin Island, to the north of Nelson. It is part of the larger Tasman Bay / Te Tai-o-Aorere. The bay is named after the Delaware, a newly built brig which sank here on its maiden voyage from Nelson to Napier in 1863, an incident best remembered for the dramatic rescue attempts by a group of local Māori.
Kanchipuram in the pre-Pallava period
The Kanchipuram district is in North Tamil Nadu  Kanchipuram  is believed to have been mentioned in the Tamil epic Manimekhalai.

In the 4th century AD, Kanchipuram emerged from an obscure past to become the capital of the Pallava Empire. The city was at the height of its power during the 7th century AD when it was visited by the Chinese traveller Hiuen Tsang.

Kanchipuram district
Kanchipuram district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The area comprising the present day Kancheepuram district was earlier a part of Chingleput district. The original Chingleput district was split in 1997 into form the present day Kanchipuram and Tiruvallur districts.

On 18 July 2019, Chengalpattu district was carved out of Kanchipuram district, with suburbs from Chengalpet towards Chennai under the district headquarters in Chengalpet. The separation came into effect from 29 November which was done by former Chief Minister Mr. Edappadi K Palaniswami.
Midnight Mood (George Howard album)
Midnight Mood is the thirteenth studio album by jazz saxophonist George Howard, released in 1998 on GRP Records. The album reached No. 5 on the Billboard Contemporary Jazz Albums chart and No. 7 on the Billboard Jazz Albums chart.

GRP Records
GRP® Records (Grusin-Rosen Productions) is a jazz record label founded by Dave Grusin and Larry Rosen in 1978. Distributed by Verve Records, GRP® was originally known for its digital recordings that focuses on its jazz genre.
Soreng district
Soreng district is a district in the Indian state of Sikkim, administered from Soreng. Soreng District was officially created from Gyalshing District (then West Sikkim) in December 2021 by The Sikkim (re-Organization of District) Act, 2021, hence becoming the sixth district of Sikkim. Its shares borders with Nepal on its west, Gyalshing district to north, Namchi district to east and Darjeeling district of West Bengal to the south.

Gyalshing district
Gyalshing district or Geyzing district is a district of the Indian state of Sikkim. Its headquarter is Geyzing, also known as Gyalshing. The district is a favourite among trekkers due to the high elevations. Other important towns include Pelling and Yuksom. Local people also call it as Pallo-Sikkim and Sano-Sikkim commonly.
NGC 7648
NGC 7648 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Pegasus. It was discovered on October 18, 1784 by the astronomer William Herschel but also observed by astronomers Heinrich d'Arrest and Édouard Stephan. The redshift of the galaxy is estimated to be (z) 0.011. This galaxy has also been designated as IC 1486 when it was observed again by the French astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan.

The nucleus of the galaxy has been described to shine brightly in ultraviolet rays, thus being listed in the Markarian catalogue as MRK 531.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Joshua Zeitz
Joshua Michael Zeitz (born 1974) is an American historian and former Democratic politician. He is the author of several books on American political and social history and has written for the New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, The New Republic, The Atlantic, Dissent, and American Heritage. Zeitz appeared as a commentator on two PBS documentaries – Boomer Century, and Ken Burns' Prohibition — and has commented on public policy matters on CNBC and CNN International. He has held faculty positions at Harvard, Cambridge and Princeton and is the author of four books.

Viking Press
Viking Press (formally Viking Penguin, also listed as Viking Books) is an American publishing company owned by Penguin Random House. It was founded in New York City on March 1, 1925, by Harold K. Guinzburg and George S. Oppenheimer and then acquired by the Penguin Group in 1975.

The publisher's name and logo, a Viking ship drawn by Rockwell Kent, were chosen as symbols of enterprise, adventure, and exploration in publishing.

Viking Press was sold to Penguin Books in 1975 for $12 million due to the publishing house's monetary difficulties. These were speculated to have been caused by the shrinkage in the juvenile market and Viking Press' lack of a textbook division.
Wisconsin Highway 312
State Trunk Highway 312 (often called Highway 312, STH-312 or WIS 312) is a 7.9-mile (12.7 km) long Wisconsin state highway running along the north side of Eau Claire, from the Town of Union in the west to the Town of Seymour in the east. The entire length of WIS 312 is an expressway with a few grade crossings.

The highway is a major transit route, bypassing the north side of Eau Claire by connecting Interstate 94 (I-94) with U.S. Highway 53 (US 53).  The route number is derived as a spur route of US 12. WIS 312 is called the North Crossing in the Chippewa Valley.

Wisconsin State Trunk Highway System
The Wisconsin State Trunk Highway System is the state highway system of the U.S. state of Wisconsin, including Wisconsin's segments of the Interstate Highway System and the United States Numbered Highway System, in addition to its other state trunk highways. These separate types of highways are respectively designated with an I-, US, or STH- (or WIS) prefix. The system also includes minor roads designated as Scenic Byways, four routes intended to promote tourism to scenic and historic areas of the state; and as Rustic Roads, lightly traveled and often unpaved local roads which the state has deemed worthy of preservation and protection. The state highway system, altogether totaling 11,753 miles (18,915 km) across all of Wisconsin's 72 counties, is maintained by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT).
Cassette Kids
Cassette Kids are a Sydney-based band formed in 2007. They won the Unearthed Sydney 2008 Big Day Out competition and were nominated for a 2008 Unearthed J Award. Their song "You Take It" was a Triple J's Ausmusic Month featured track and had a video made for it which has appeared on Channel V, MTV and rage. Another song, "Acrobat", was on high rotation on Triple J. In October 2008 they released their debut mini album We Are. The band have toured nationally with The Presets, as well as British pop singer Lily Allen, The Fratellis, Ben Lee, Bluejuice, The Music and New Young Pony Club. In October 2009, Cassette Kids released the single "Lying Around", which appears on their debut album Nothing on TV, released on 16 April 2010.

Bluejuice
Bluejuice was an Australian band based in Sydney, active between 2000 and 2014. The group's final line-up consisted of co-lead vocalists Jake Stone and Stavros Yiannoukas, bassist Jamie Cibej, and drummer James Hauptmann. The band released three studio albums Problems, Head of the Hawk, and Company, as well as a greatest hits album in 2014.
Ivančena
Ivančena is a stone cairn erected as a memorial for five Scouts, members of the Silesian Scout Resistance, who were executed in April 1945 in Cieszyn, modern-day Poland, for their part in the Czech resistance to Nazi occupation during World War II. The monument is located on Lysá hora, a mountain in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids in the Czech Republic. Annually near Saint George's Day (23 April), Czech Scouts make a pilgrimage to the site.

Moravian-Silesian Beskids
The Moravian-Silesian Beskids (Czech: Moravskoslezské Beskydyⓘ, Slovak: Moravsko-sliezske Beskydy) is a mountain range in the Czech Republic with a small part reaching to Slovakia. It lies on the historical division between Moravia and Silesia, hence the name. It is part of the Western Beskids within the Outer Western Carpathians.
Chic Young
Murat Bernard "Chic" Young (January 9, 1901 – March 14, 1973) was an American cartoonist who created the comic strip Blondie. His 1919 William McKinley High School Yearbook cites his nickname as Chicken, source of his familiar pen name and signature. According to King Features Syndicate, Young had a daily readership of 52 million. Stan Drake, who drew Blondie in the 1980s and 1990s, stated that Young "has to go down in history as one of the geniuses of the industry."

Stan Drake
Stanley Albert Drake (November 9, 1921 – March 10, 1997) was an American cartoonist best known as the founding artist of the comic strip The Heart of Juliet Jones.

Born in Brooklyn, Drake worked in the back of a Dugan's Donut truck for a dollar-a-day salary while he was in high school. At  the age of 17, he contributed art to Popular Detective, Popular Sports and other pulps. Entering the comic book field as artist, letterer and writer, he became friends with cartoonist Bob Lubbers, who later suggested he draw newspaper comics.

He studied for two years at New York's Art Students League. In the Pacific theater during World War II, he did public relations work for Stars and Stripes. Returning to civilian life, he went into advertising, eventually heading a studio of 12 illustrators.
Haverinen
Haverinen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna Haverinen (1884–1959), Finnish office worker and politician

Joni Haverinen (born 1987), Finnish ice hockey player

Teuvo Haverinen,  Finnish professional darts player

Finnish name
In Finland, a person must have a surname and at least one given name with up to four given names permitted. Surnames are inherited either patrilineally or matrilineally, while given names are usually chosen by a person's parents. Finnish names come from a variety of dissimilar traditions that were consolidated only in the early 20th century. The first national act on names came into force in 1921, and it made surnames mandatory. Between 1930 and 1985, the Western Finnish tradition whereby a married woman took her husband's surname was mandatory. Previously in Eastern Finland, this was not necessarily the case. On 1 January 2019, the reformed Act on Forenames and Surnames came into force.

Finnish given names are often of Christian origin (e.g., Jukka from Greek Johannes), but Finnish and Swedish origins are also common.