hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John G. Kemeny
John George Kemeny (born Kemény János György; May 31, 1926 – December 26, 1992) was a Hungarian-born American mathematician, computer scientist, and educator best known for co-developing the BASIC programming language in 1964 with Thomas E. Kurtz. Kemeny served as the 13th President of Dartmouth College from 1970 to 1981 and pioneered the use of computers in college education. Kemeny chaired the presidential commission that investigated the Three Mile Island accident in 1979. According to György Marx he was one of "The Martians".

Citizens for Global Solutions
Citizens for Global Solutions is a grassroots-level membership organization in the United States working towards the establishment of a world government in order to avoid future atomic wars.

It has promoted a world federal government, United Nations reform, legislative resolutions, and amendments to the U.S. Constitution to favor a world federal government.
Banana production in the United States
Commercial banana production in the United States is relatively limited in scale and economic impact. While Americans eat 26 pounds (12 kg) of bananas per person per year, the vast majority of the fruit is imported from other countries, chiefly Central and South America, where the US has previously occupied areas containing banana plantations, and controlled the importation of bananas via various fruit companies, such as Dole and Chiquita.

Chiquita
Chiquita Brands International S.à.r.l. (/tʃɪˈkiːtə/), formerly known as United Fruit Company, is a Swiss company producing and distributing bananas and other produce.  The company operates under subsidiary brand names, including the flagship Chiquita brand and Fresh Express salads. Chiquita is the leading distributor of bananas in the United States.

Chiquita is the successor to the United Fruit Company. It was formerly controlled by American businessman Carl Lindner Jr., whose majority ownership of the company ended when Chiquita Brands International exited a prepackaged Chapter 11 bankruptcy on 19 March 2002.  In 2003, the company acquired the German produce distribution company, Atlanta AG. Fresh Express salads was purchased from Performance Food Group in 2005.  Chiquita's former headquarters were located in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Lapeirousia verecunda
Lapeirousia verecunda is a perennial geophyte belonging to the genus Lapeirousia and is part of the renosterveld. The species is endemic to the Northern Cape and occurs on the escarpment of Spektakelberg, west of Springbok. The plant is favored by crop cultivation, road construction and quarrying.

Renosterveld
Renosterveld is a term used for one of the major plant communities and vegetation types of the Cape Floristic Region (Cape Floral Kingdom) which is located in southwestern and southeastern South Africa, in southernmost Africa. It is an ecoregion of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.
Calingiri, Western Australia
Calingiri is a town located north-east of Perth, near New Norcia in Western Australia. It is in the Shire of Victoria Plains.

The town derives its name from Calingiri Waterhole, the name of which was first recorded by a surveyor in 1903. The settlement was first proposed in 1914. By the time the town was gazetted in 1917 it was variously spelt as Calingtry, Kalingiri, The Washpool, Kalingary, Calingarra, Calingtry, Calingiry, Kalingiry and finally Calingiri.

The main industry in town is wheat farming with the town being a Cooperative Bulk Handling grain receival site.

New Norcia, Western Australia
New Norcia (/ˈnɔːrsiə/ NOR-see-ə) is a town in Western Australia, 132 kilometres (82 mi) north of Perth, near the Great Northern Highway. It is situated next to the banks of the Moore River, in the Shire of Victoria Plains. New Norcia is the only monastic town in Australia, with its Benedictine abbey founded in 1848. The monks later founded a mission and schools for Aboriginal children. A series of Catholic colleges were created, with the school that became St Benedict's College in 1965 later gaining notoriety for being the site of sexual abuse that took place in the late 1960s and 1970s.

The town has many heritage sites and places of interest. New Norcia Station, a ground station for the European Space Agency is located 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of the town. Since a road bypass was complete in 2017, heavy traffic bypasses the town.
Transport in Belgium
Transport in Belgium is facilitated with well-developed road, air, rail and water networks. The rail network has 2,950 km (1,830 mi) of electrified tracks. There are 118,414 km (73,579 mi) of roads, among which there are 1,747 km (1,086 mi) of motorways, 13,892 km (8,632 mi) of main roads and 102,775 km (63,861 mi) of other paved roads. There is also a well-developed urban rail network in Brussels, Antwerp, Ghent and Charleroi. The ports of Antwerp and Zeebrugge are two of the biggest seaports in Europe. Brussels Airport is Belgium its biggest airport.

HSL 1
The HSL 1 (Dutch: Hogesnelheidslijn 1, English: High-Speed Line 1) is a high-speed rail line which connects Brussels, Belgium, with the LGV Nord at the Belgium–France border. It is 88 km (55 mi) long with 71 km (44 mi) of dedicated high-speed tracks and 17 km (11 mi) of modernised lines. Service began on 14 December 1997.

The line has appreciably shortened journey times, the journey from Paris to Brussels now taking 1 hour 22 minutes. In combination with the LGV Nord, it has also impacted international journeys to other cities in France and to London, ensuring high-speed through-running by Eurostar, TGV, Thalys PBA and Thalys PBKA trainsets.

The total construction cost was €1.42 billion. The signalling system installed is the TVM-430 in-cab signalling system, the same as LGV Nord in France, and High Speed 1 in the UK.
Nelson Hayward
Nelson Hayward (1810 – April 14, 1857) was the sixth Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio. He served only one term, in 1843.

Hayward was born in Braintree, Massachusetts to William and Marjory (Thayer) Hayward. He was educated in Massachusetts and came to Cleveland with his two brothers, Joseph and John, in 1825. In 1840, Hayward became the assistant chief of the Old Volunteer Fire Department. He was elected alderman in 1841 and 1842 and served as the vice-president of the city's Temperance Society in 1842. He was elected as mayor in 1843 because of his Jacksonian Democrat political philosophy. Hayward was not re-elected because the city's political views shifted to partisan Whig and Republican. In 1844 he became a members of the Cleveland Lodge of Odd Fellows. Hayward was never married.

Mayor of Cleveland
The mayor of Cleveland is the head of the executive branch of government of the City of Cleveland, Ohio. As the chief executive in Cleveland's mayor–council (strong mayor) system, the mayor oversees all city services and is "responsible for enforcing the city charter, city ordinances, and the laws of the State of Ohio." The mayor's office is located at Cleveland City Hall at 601 Lakeside Avenue in Downtown Cleveland. Since 1836, the city has had a total of 54 mayors, including the city's current mayor, Justin Bibb, encompassing 58 mayoral administrations, as four mayors have served in non-consecutive terms.
Gulfstream American Hustler
The Gulfstream American Hustler was a 1970s American mixed-power executive/utility aircraft designed by American Jet Industries, which later changed to Gulfstream American Corporation. The aircraft had a nose-mounted turboprop and a tail-mounted turbofan.

Honeywell TPE331
The Honeywell TPE331 (military designation: T76) is a turboprop engine. It was designed in the 1950s by Garrett AiResearch, and produced since 1999 by its successor Honeywell Aerospace. The engine's power output ranges from 575 to 1,650 shaft horsepower (429 to 1,230 kW).
Italo Insolera
Italo Insolera (February 7, 1929, in Turin – August 27, 2012, in Rome) was an Italian architect, urban and land planner, and historian.

He published several books and essays dealing with the economic, social and cultural circumstances and conditions of urban development, and the use of the ancient town in the framework of metropolitan development. These issues were also the primary focus of his professional and academic work, where restoration and planning of historical towns and environmental systems prevail. He was especially interested in the relationship between archaeology and the modern city; he proposed solutions for the correct (re)use of ancient towns that included traffic restriction, pedestrianization, and restoration. Some of these have been implemented by municipal governments, particularly in Rome.

Appian Way
The Appian Way (Latin and Italian: Via Appia) is one of the earliest and strategically most important Roman roads of the ancient republic. It connected Rome to Brindisi, in southeast Italy. Its importance is indicated by its common name, recorded by Statius, of Appia longarum... regina viarum ('the Appian Way, the queen of the long roads'). The road is named after Appius Claudius Caecus, the Roman censor who, during the Samnite Wars, began and completed the first section as a military road to the south in 312 BC.

In July 2024, the Appian Way entered the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Punarvasu
Punarvasu, meaning "the twin restorers of goods", is the 7th nakshatra (lunar mansion) in Indian astronomy. It corresponds to the two brightest stars in the constellation of Gemini, Castor and Pollux, plus two fainter stars, possibly ε and ζ Geminorum.

Pollux (star)
Pollux is the brightest star in the constellation of Gemini. It has the Bayer designation β Geminorum, which is Latinised to Beta Geminorum and abbreviated Beta Gem or β Gem. This is an orange-hued, evolved red giant located at a distance of 34 light-years, making it the closest red giant (and giant star) to the Sun. Since 1943, the spectrum of this star has served as one of the stable anchor points by which other stars are classified. In 2006, an exoplanet (designated Pollux b or β Geminorum b, later named Thestias) was announced to be orbiting it.
2025 SA20 final
The 2025 SA20 final was a Twenty20 (T20) cricket match played at the Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg, on 8 February 2025 to determine the winner of the 2025 SA20.

After winning the toss, MI Cape Town elected to bat, and scored 181/8 in 20 overs against Sunrisers Eastern Cape. The MI Cape Town' ultimately win by huge margin of 76 runs, securing their first SA20 title. MICT player Trent Boult was named player of the match.

MI Cape Town
MI Cape Town is a South African professional Twenty20 franchise cricket team that competes in the SA20 tournament. The team is based in Cape Town, and was formed in 2022. They are the 2025 champions of the league. The team's home-ground is the Newlands Cricket Ground. The team is coached by Robin Peterson. MI Cape Town is owned by Indiawin Sports.
Southern Tablelands United FC
Southern Tablelands United FC is an Australian amateur association football club based in the NSW city of Goulburn. Founded in 2017, as a joint venture between the Goulburn Strikers and Goulbourn Stags, United is affiliated with Capital Football in the ACT. Southern Tablelands currently competes in the NPL2 for men's and NPLW for women's.

Soccer in the Australian Capital Territory
Soccer in the Australian Capital Territory is predominantly amateur with a local, interstate, national and international history. Soccer in the ACT is organised and administered by Capital Football and involves teams from within the ACT and surrounding NSW regions, Monaro, Southern Tablelands and Riverina.
Frank Freidel
Frank Burt Freidel Jr. (May 22, 1916 – January 25, 1993) was an American historian, the first major biographer of former President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and one of the first scholars to work on his papers stored in the Roosevelt Library in Hyde Park, New York.

Hyde Park, New York
Hyde Park is a town in Dutchess County, New York, United States, bordering the Hudson River north of Poughkeepsie. Within the town are the hamlets of Hyde Park, East Park, Staatsburg, and Haviland. Hyde Park is known as the hometown of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States.

Hyde Park is home to the main campus of the Culinary Institute of America, a four-year college for culinary and baking and pastry arts, and the Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum, the first presidential library in the United States.

Hyde Park's population was 21,021 at the 2020 United States census. U.S. Route 9 passes through the town near the Hudson River.
Navy and Marine Corps Reserve Center, Lawrence
Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Center, Lawrence is a former United States Navy and Marine Corps reserve center located in Lawrence, Massachusetts. It was closed per the recommendations of the 1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission, and consolidated to Naval Reserve Center, Quincy.

Lawrence, Massachusetts
Lawrence is a city located in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, on the Merrimack River. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 89,143. Surrounding communities include Methuen to the north, Andover to the southwest, and North Andover to the east. Lawrence and Salem were the county seats of Essex County, until the state abolished county government in 1999. Lawrence is part of the Merrimack Valley.

Manufacturing products of the city include electronic equipment, textiles, footwear, paper products, computers, and foodstuff. Lawrence was the residence of the poet Robert Frost for his early school years; his essays and poems were first published in the Lawrence High School newspaper. Lawrence is also the birthplace of composer and conductor Leonard Bernstein in 1918, and singer Robert Goulet in 1933.
Kuala Lumpur Bird Park
Kuala Lumpur Bird Park (Malay: Taman Burung Kuala Lumpur) is a 20.9-acre (8.5 ha) public aviary in the Malaysian capital of Kuala Lumpur. It is one of the world's largest covered bird parks, located adjacent to the 60-hectare (150-acre) Perdana Botanical Gardens, Kuala Lumpur Butterfly Park, the National Mosque, and the Royal Malaysian Police Museum. The park houses more than 3,000 birds, representing over 200 species in an enclosed aviary. About 90% are local birds and 10% were imported from countries such as Australia, China, the Netherlands, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Tanzania, and Thailand.

Aviary
An aviary is a large enclosure for confining birds, although bats may also be considered for display. Unlike birdcages, aviaries allow birds a larger living space where they can fly; hence, aviaries are also sometimes known as flight cages in the United Kingdom. Aviaries often contain plants and shrubbery to simulate a natural environment.
The Legends of Doo Wop
The Legends of Doo Wop is a music group of 1950s doo-wop singers. The original members included Jimmy Gallagher of the Passions, Tony Passalaqua of the Fascinators, Frank Mancuso of the Imaginations, and Steve Horn of the Five Sharks (died July 24, 2013). In 2006, Passalaqua left the group and was replaced by Tommy Mara of The Crests. Johnny Tarangelo, formerly of The Mystics and former Dion backup vocalist, Tommy Moran, are now part of the group, as of June 2016.

The Crests
The Crests are an American doo-wop group, formed by bass vocalist J.T. Carter in the mid 1950s. The group had several Top 40 hits in the late 1950s and early 1960s on Coed Records. Their most popular song, "16 Candles", rose to No. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in February 1959 selling over one million copies and earning a gold disc status. The group's other hits include "Step By Step," "The Angels Listened In," "Trouble In Paradise," "Six Nights A Week," and "A Year Ago Tonight." The Crests were one of the earliest racially mixed doo wop groups, consisting of three African American members (one female), one Puerto Rican, named Harold Torres, and one Italian American.
Paragon Space Development Corporation
Paragon Space Development Corporation is an American company headquartered in Tucson, Arizona. Paragon is a provider of environmental controls for extreme and hazardous environments. They design, build, test and operate life-support systems and leading thermal-control products for astronauts, contaminated water divers, and other extreme environment explorers, as well as for uncrewed space and terrestrial applications.

World View Enterprises
World View Enterprises, Inc., doing business as World View, is a private American near space exploration and technology company headquartered in Tucson, Arizona, founded with the goal of increasing access to and the utilization of the stratosphere for scientific, commercial, economic, and military purposes.

World View was founded and incorporated in 2012 by a team of aerospace and life support veterans and designs, manufactures and operates stratospheric balloon flight technology and services for a variety of customers and applications, most notably space tourism and stratospheric observation services.
Napoleon Diamond Necklace
The Napoleon Diamond Necklace is a diamond necklace commissioned by Napoleon I of France c. 1811–1812 from the Parisian jeweler Marie-Étienne Nitot. It is now in the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.

Diamond type
Diamond type is a method of scientifically classifying diamonds by the level and type of their chemical impurities. Diamonds are separated into five types: Type IaA, Type IaB, Type Ib, Type IIa, and Type IIb. The impurities measured are at the atomic level within the crystal lattice of carbon atoms and so, unlike inclusions, require an infrared spectrometer to detect.

Different diamond types react in different ways to diamond enhancement techniques. Different types can coexist within a single stone; natural diamonds are often mixes of Type Ia and Ib, which can be determined by their infrared absorption spectrum.
Charminster, Bournemouth
Charminster is a residential and commercial suburb of Bournemouth in Dorset, situated between the suburbs of Springbourne (to the south-east) and Winton (to the north-west). It was incorporated into the County Borough of Bournemouth in 1901.

Springbourne
Springbourne is a suburb of Bournemouth in Dorset, England (historically in Hampshire). It occupies the north-east part of the main built-up area, north of Boscombe. Its formal boundaries are Northcote Road to the west, the Wessex Way (A338) to the north, Ashley Road to the east, and the railway line to the south.

Its main road, Holdenhurst Road, was formerly the A338, the main road into Bournemouth from the north and north-east.  It has now been bypassed, but it is still one of the main shopping streets and bus routes of Bournemouth.
Second Battle of the Stronghold
The Second Battle of the Stronghold (a.k.a. Lava Beds) was a battle during the Modoc War between a band of the Native American Modoc tribe and the Army of the United States, in northeastern California. The battle began on April 15, 1873, and ended on April 17, 1873.  The Army succeeded in forcing the Modoc to abandon their fortified position at Captain Jack's Stronghold in the Lava Beds, but failed to capture the band.

Modoc people
The Modoc are an Indigenous American people who historically lived in the area which is now northeastern California and central Southern Oregon. Currently, they include two federally recognized tribes, the Klamath Tribes in Oregon and the Modoc Tribe of Oklahoma, now known as the Modoc Nation.
Rowan–Cabarrus Community College
Rowan–Cabarrus Community College (RCCC) is a public community college in Rowan County and Cabarrus County, North Carolina. It is part of the North Carolina Community College System.

RCCC offers associate degree programs in more than 40 areas of study. It also offers accredited diploma and certificate programs focused on career training, continuing education, and basic skills education. RCCC provides a foundation and transferable credits for students advancing to four-year colleges and universities and helps adults receive the additional training they need to start or change careers.

RCCC provides more than 2,000 course offerings, serving a yearly overall enrollment of more than 22,000 students. In addition, RCCC provides the education and job-training programs needed to meet many of the workforce demands of the North Carolina Research Campus being developed in Kannapolis. RCCC offers day, evening and on-line classes for adults.

North Carolina Research Campus
The North Carolina Research Campus (NCRC) is a public-private research center in Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States.  The Campus was envisioned by David H. Murdock, owner of Dole Food Company and Castle and Cooke, Inc., as a center for improving human health through research into nutrition and agriculture. The campus was formed and operates as a partnership with the State of North Carolina and the University of North Carolina system.

The scientists at the NC Research Campus are known for research that explores the health benefits of plant phytochemicals, nutrients such as choline and the impact of nutrition and exercise on human performance. Research also involves the study of nutrients and plant-based compounds to prevent chronic diseases such as cancer and diabetes.
Sargsyan
Sargsyan (Armenian: Սարգսյան, Armenian pronunciation: [sɑɾkʰəsˈjɑn]), also Sarkisian, Sarkissian (in Western Armenian Սարգիսեան, Armenian pronunciation: [sɑɾkʰisˈjɑn]) or Sarkisyan, is an Armenian surname derived from the given name Sargis (from the Latin Sergius).

People bearing this surname include:

Viper (Madame Hydra)
Ophelia Sarkissian, also known as Viper and Madame Hydra, is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer-artist Jim Steranko, the character first appeared in Captain America #110 (1969). Viper is a leader of the terrorist organization Hydra and serves as an adversary of various heroes in the Marvel Universe, most notably Captain America and Black Widow of the Avengers, and Wolverine of the X-Men.

Since her original introduction in comics, the character has been featured in various other Marvel-licensed products, including video games, animated television series, and merchandise. The character appeared in the X-Men franchise film The Wolverine, portrayed by Svetlana Khodchenkova. A version of the character, Aida "Ophelia" / Madame Hydra, appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. as the simulated identity of the Life Model Decoy, Aida, portrayed by Mallory Jansen.
Charles Murray (trade unionist)
Charles Murray (died 1889) was a British trade unionist and socialist activist.

Murray worked as a boot closer.  He became a socialist, and knew both Feargus O'Connor and Robert Owen.  He joined the National Charter Association in 1852, within which he was known as a supporter of Bronterre O'Brien.  He was also a leading figure in the Association for Promoting the Repeal of the Taxes on Knowledge.

In the 1860s, Murray was prominent in West End Boot Closers' Union, and in 1862 and 1863, he represented it on the executive of the London Trades Council.

In the 1870s, Murray was a member of the Manhood Suffrage League, and he subsequently became an early member of the Social Democratic Federation.

Feargus O'Connor
Feargus Edward O'Connor (18 July 1796 – 30 August 1855) was an Irish Chartist leader, MP and advocate of the Land Plan, which sought to provide smallholdings for the labouring classes. A highly charismatic figure, O'Connor was admired for his energy and oratory, but was criticised for alleged egotism. His newspaper Northern Star (1837–1852) was widely read among workers (and read aloud in taverns), becoming the voice of the Chartist movement.

After the failure of his Land Plan, O'Connor's behaviour became increasingly erratic, culminating in an assault on three MPs and a mental breakdown, from which he did not recover. After his death three years later at the age of 59, 40,000 people witnessed the funeral procession.