hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sardinian–Catalan war
The Sardinian–Catalan war or Sardinian–Aragonese war was a late medieval conflict lasting from 1353 to 1420. The fight was over supremacy of the land and took place between the Judicate of Arborea, allied with the Sardinian branch of the Doria family and Genoa, and the Kingdom of Sardinia, the latter of which had been part of the Crown of Aragon since 1324. The conflict also included a systematic policy of persecution, mass murder and forced denationalization and assimilation, examples of which being the destruction of the villages of Aryagono and Rebeccu and the Alghero Massacre, perpetrated against the Sardinian population at the hands of King James I of Aragon, which according to the internationally recognized definition can be qualified as a genocide.

Judicate of Cagliari
The Judicate of Cagliari (Sardinian: Judicadu de Càralis / Càlaris, Italian: Giudicato di Cagliari) was one of the four kingdoms or judicates (iudicati, literally "judgeship") into which Sardinia was divided during the Middle Ages.

The Judicate of Cagliari occupied the entire southern portion of the island and was composed of thirteen subdivisions called curatoriae. It bordered the judicates of Arborea to the northwest and Logudoro and Gallura to the northeast.
The Spear (painting)
The Spear is a 2010 painting by Cape Town-based South African artist Brett Murray.  Put on public display in 2012, it depicts the then South African President Jacob Zuma, his genitals revealed, in a standing pose reminiscent of Russian revolutionary Vladimir Lenin. The painting triggered a defamation lawsuit by Zuma's party, the African National Congress (ANC).

The ANC's public condemnation of the painting and vandalism upon it brought widespread local and international attention to the painting, where otherwise it may have remained a relatively obscure piece of work.

Films and Publications Act, 1996
The Films and Publications Act, 1996 is an act of the South African Parliament.

The act repealed a number of acts of prior legislation which censored literary and media works under that country's previous apartheid government.

It established a Film and Publication Board and Review Board. The Board's function would be to receive complaints, or applications to evaluate, a film or publication, to classify it according to its suitability for different audiences.
19 Cephei
19 Cephei is a supergiant star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Cepheus. It has a spectral class of O9 and is a member of Cep OB2, an OB association of massive stars located about 615 parsecs (2,010 ly) from the Sun.

The spectrum of 19 Cephei shows line profile variability on an hourly and daily timescale.  This is thought to be due to the changes in the stellar wind.

Double star catalogues list several companions for 19 Cephei.  The Washington Double Star Catalog describes four companions: 11th magnitude stars 20" and 56" away, and two 15th magnitude stars 4-5" away.  The Catalog of Components of Double and Multiple Stars gives only the two 11th magnitude stars.

A scattered cluster of faint stars has been detected associated with 19 Cephei.  The brightest likely members apart from 19 Cep itself are 10th magnitude stars.

Cepheus (constellation)
Cepheus is a constellation in the deep northern sky, named after Cepheus, a king of Aethiopia in Greek mythology.  It is one of the 48 constellations listed by the second century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 constellations in the modern times.

The constellation's brightest star is Alderamin (Alpha Cephei), with an apparent magnitude of 2.5. Delta Cephei is the prototype of an important class of star known as a Cepheid variable. RW Cephei, an orange hypergiant, together with the red supergiants Mu Cephei, MY Cephei, VV Cephei, V381 Cephei, and V354 Cephei are among the largest stars known. In addition, Cepheus also has the hyperluminous quasar S5 0014+81, which hosts an ultramassive black hole in its core, reported at 40 billion solar masses, about 10,000 times more massive than the central black hole of the Milky Way, making this among the most massive black holes currently known.
Monolith (Space Odyssey)
In Arthur C. Clarke's Space Odyssey series, Monoliths are machines in black cuboids whose sides extend in the precise ratio of 1 : 4 : 9 (12 : 22 : 32) built by an unseen extraterrestrial species whom Clarke dubbed the Firstborn and who he suggests are the earliest highly intelligent species to evolve in the Milky Way.  In the series of novels (and the films based on these), three Monoliths are discovered in the Solar System by australopithecines and their human descendants. The characters' responses to their discoveries drive the plot of the series and influence its fictional history, particularly by encouraging humanity to progress with technological development.

The first monolith appears at the beginning of the story, four million years before the present era. It is discovered by a group of australopithecines and triggers a shift in evolution, starting with the ability to use tools and weaponry. It is later revealed that thousands of other Monoliths exist elsewhere in the galaxy.

2061: Odyssey Three
2061: Odyssey Three is a science fiction novel by the British writer Arthur C. Clarke, published in 1987. It is the third book in Clarke's Space Odyssey series. It returns to one of the lead characters of the previous novels, Heywood Floyd, and his adventures from the 2061 return of Halley's Comet to Jupiter's moon Europa.

Clarke had originally intended to write the third book after NASA's Galileo mission to Jupiter had returned its findings in the late 1980s. The probe had been initially scheduled for launch in 1984 but this was delayed, first to 1985 and then to 1986. It was delayed further in wake of the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster. Deciding not to wait, Clarke took inspiration for his sequel from the return of Halley's Comet. Galileo was eventually launched by Space Shuttle Atlantis on the STS-34 mission in October 1989. It arrived in Jovian orbit almost eight years after the publication of 2061: Odyssey Three.
Culture of Cornwall
The culture of Cornwall forms part of the culture of the United Kingdom, but has distinct customs, traditions and peculiarities. Cornwall has many strong local traditions. After many years of decline, Cornish culture has undergone a strong revival, and many groups exist to promote Cornwall's culture and language today.

Glasney College
50°09′58″N 5°06′07″W﻿ / ﻿50.1662°N 5.10193°W﻿ / 50.1662; -5.10193

Glasney College (Cornish: Kolji Glasnedh) was a centre of ecclesiastical power in medieval Cornwall and probably the best known and most important of Cornwall's religious institutions. It was founded in 1265 at Penryn, Cornwall, by Bishop Bronescombe.
Grunge speak
Grunge speak was a hoax series of slang words purportedly connected to the subculture of grunge in Seattle, reported as fact in The New York Times in 1992. The collection of alleged slang words were coined by a record label worker in response to a journalist asking if grunge musicians and enthusiasts had their own slang terms, seeking to write a piece on the subject. They were essentially made up on the spot; there was no such vernacular among members of the grunge scene, and the terms that were published were merely a prank on the news industry's tendencies to seize upon trends.

Slang
Slang is a vocabulary (words, phrases, and linguistic usages) of an informal register, common in everyday conversation but avoided in formal writing and speech. It also often refers to the language exclusively used by the members of particular in-groups in order to establish group identity, exclude outsiders, or both. The word itself came about in the 18th century and has been defined in multiple ways since its conception, with no single technical usage in linguistics.
Architecture of Zimbabwe
The architecture of Zimbabwe is composed of three architectural types: the Hill Complex, the Valley Complex, and the Great Enclosure. Both traditional and colonial architectures have influenced the history and culture of the country. However, post-1954 buildings are mainly inspired by pre-colonial, traditional architecture, especially Great Zimbabwe–inspired structures such as the Kingdom Hotel, Harare international airport, and the National Heroes' Acre.

Zimbabwe Bird
The stone-carved Zimbabwe Bird is the national emblem of Zimbabwe, appearing on the national flags and coats of arms of both Zimbabwe and former Rhodesia, as well as on banknotes and coins (first on the Rhodesian pound and then on the Rhodesian dollar). It probably represents the bateleur eagle (Terathopius ecaudatus) or the African fish eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer). The bird's design is derived from a number of soapstone sculptures found in the ruins of the medieval city of Great Zimbabwe.

It is now the definitive icon of independent Zimbabwe, with archaeologist Edward Matenga listing over 100 organizations which now incorporate the bird in their logo.
West Florida Electric Cooperative
West Florida Electric Cooperative, Inc. (WFEC) is a not-for-profit rural electric utility cooperative headquartered in Graceville, Florida. It is a member of the Florida Electric Cooperatives Association, the National Rural Electric Association, PowerSouth Energy Cooperative and the Touchstone Energy Cooperatives alliance.

Automatic meter reading
Automatic meter reading (AMR) is the technology of automatically collecting consumption, diagnostic, and status data from water meter or energy metering devices (gas, electric) and transferring that data to a central database for billing, troubleshooting, and analyzing.
This technology mainly saves utility providers the expense of periodic trips to each physical location to read a meter. Another advantage is that billing can be based on near real-time consumption rather than on estimates based on past or predicted consumption. This timely information coupled with analysis can help both utility providers and customers better control the use and production of electric energy, gas usage, or water consumption.

AMR technologies include handheld, mobile and network technologies based on telephony platforms (wired and wireless), radio frequency (RF), or powerline transmission.
2025–26 National League Cup
The 2025–26 National League Cup, is the 27th season in the history of the competition, and the second since its revival in 2024–25. It is a knock-out tournament between clubs in the National League, the fifth tier of the English football league system, and 16 professional under-21 teams playing in Premier League 2.

A prize fund of £1 million is distributed to non-league clubs in the fifth and sixth tiers, with the intention to provide younger players from the PL2 with senior experience. The relaunch of the competition has otherwise been controversial, with criticism and negativity from non-league clubs and their supporters.

National League Cup (football)
The National League Cup is an annual association football competition in England. The National League Cup is open to clubs playing in the National League and, since its revival in 2024, professional under-21 teams playing in the Premier League 2.
Franco Columbu
Francesco Maria Columbu (August 7, 1941 – August 30, 2019) was an Italian-American bodybuilder and actor.

Originally a boxer, Columbu won the Mr. Olympia in 1976 and 1981, and competed in the inaugural edition of the World's Strongest Man in 1977, where he placed fifth. He also had an acting career and authored numerous books on bodybuilding and nutrition. Columbu was inducted into the IFBB Hall of Fame in 2001, International Sports Hall of Fame in 2013 and received the Arnold Classic Lifetime Achievement Award in 2009.

1975 Mr. Olympia
The 1975 Mr. Olympia contest was an IFBB professional bodybuilding competition held November 8, 1975 in Pretoria, South Africa. It was the 11th Mr. Olympia competition and the feature event of the 1975 IFBB International Congress.

The event was filmed for the 1977 docudrama Pumping Iron which featured the rivalry between competitors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Lou Ferrigno as they trained for the contest.  Although not released until three years after the event, the success of the film made Arnold Schwarzenegger an international celebrity, contributed to his success as Hollywood actor, and helped establish bodybuilding as a professional sport. The final decision between over-200 winner Schwarzenegger and under-200 winner Columbu was very close: 4 judges voted for Schwarzenegger, 3 for Columbu.
Liberty Institute (Brazil)
Instituto Liberdade do Rio Grande do Sul is a Brazilian independent think tank, formed by intellectual entrepreneurs, based in Porto Alegre.
Instituto Liberdade is not endowed and does not accept government funding. All of its programs depend upon the generosity of foundations, individuals, and corporations that share belief in the importance of independent research.

Instituto Liberdade is among the Top 40 think tanks in Latin America and the Caribbean, from the 2009 Global Go To Think Tanks Index, research conducted by the University of Pennsylvania – Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program.

Three members of its board of directors are also members of the Mont Pelerin Society.

Instituto de Estudos Empresariais
Instituto de Estudos Empresariais (IEE) (Institute for Entrepreneurial Studies) is a Brazilian non-profit organization that promotes a neoliberalism agenda and states that it is without any politically partisan commitments. It is funded through contributions by its members and companies that support its mission to build a freer and more prosperous society.
Give a Reason
"Give a Reason" is a song  by Japanese voice actress and recording artist Megumi Hayashibara. It was used as opening theme for the anime series Slayers Next, and on April 24, 1996 it was released as a single along with Masami Okui's song "Jama wa Sasenai" (邪魔はさせない), which was used as ending theme for the same series. The single charted at number 9 on the Oricon charts, becoming Hayashibara's highest peak at the time and her first top 10 single in the Japanese charts.

In 2009 the song was again used as an insert song in Slayers Evolution-R, nine years after its original release. "Give a Reason" is considered her trademark song. It is also her best-selling single (with 232,850 copies sales) according to Oricon. It was also certified gold by the RIAJ.

Slayers
Slayers (Japanese: スレイヤーズ, Hepburn: Sureiyāzu) is a Japanese light novel series written by Hajime Kanzaka and illustrated by Rui Araizumi. The novels have been serialized in Dragon Magazine since 1989, before being published into individual volumes. They follow the adventures of teenage sorceress Lina Inverse and her companions as they journey through their world. Using powerful magic and swordsmanship they battle overreaching wizards, demons seeking to destroy the world, and an occasional hapless gang of bandits.

Slayers inspired several spin-off novel series and has been adapted into numerous manga titles, anime television series, anime films, OVA series, role-playing video games, and other media. Including the spin-off series and digital copies, the novels have sold over 22 million copies. The anime series is considered to be one of the most popular of the 1990s.
Audacy
Audacy, previously known as Radio.com, is an American free broadcast and Internet radio platform developed by its parent company Audacy, Inc. (formerly known as Entercom). The Audacy platform functions as a music recommender system and is the national umbrella brand for the company's radio network aggregating its over 235 local radio stations across the United States. In addition, the service includes thousands of podcasts created for the platform, hosted elsewhere or station programming on demand. It was initially developed by CBS Radio and was acquired by the former Entercom as part of the company's takeover of CBS Radio. The service's main competitors are rival station groups iHeartMedia's iHeartRadio and TuneIn. Audacy is available online via mobile devices and devices such as Chromecast and Amazon Fire TV.

Smart speaker
A smart speaker is a type of loudspeaker and voice command device with an integrated virtual assistant that offers interactive actions and hands-free activation with the help of one "wake word" (or several "wake words"). Some smart speakers also act as smart home hubs by using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Thread, and other protocol standards to extend usage beyond audio playback and control home automation devices connected through a local area network.
Bell XP-77
The Bell XP-77 development was initiated by the United States Army Air Forces during World War II to produce a simplified "lightweight" fighter aircraft using non-strategic materials. Despite being innovative, the diminutive prototype proved tricky to handle and the project was canceled when the XP-77 did not deliver its projected performance.

Wilbur Wright Field
Wilbur Wright Field was a military installation and an airfield used as a World War I pilot, mechanic, and armorer training facility, and under different designations, conducted United States Army Air Corps and Air Forces flight testing.  Located near Riverside, Ohio, the site is officially "Area B" of Wright-Patterson Air Force Base and includes the National Museum of the United States Air Force built on the airfield.
Jason Denayer
Jason Grégory Denayer (born 28 June 1995) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Saudi Pro League club Al Fateh and the Belgium national team.

Denayer made his professional debut while on loan at Celtic, being named the PFA Scotland Young Player of the Year after helping them win the Scottish Premiership and Scottish League Cup. He then spent the following season on loan at Galatasaray, helping them win the Turkish Cup.

He played several times for Belgium at Under-19 and Under-21 levels, before making his full senior debut in March 2015. He was named in Belgium's 23-man squad for UEFA Euro 2016 and made one appearance, playing in their quarter-final tie against Wales. He also featured at UEFA Euro 2020 and in the 2021 UEFA Nations League Finals where he took fourth place.

2017–18 Süper Lig
The 2017–18 Süper Lig, officially called the Spor Toto Süper Lig İlhan Cavcav season, was the 60th season of the Süper Lig, the highest tier football league of Turkey. The season was named after İlhan Cavcav, the longtime chairman of Gençlerbirliği S.K.
Steve Olson (skateboarder and artist)
Steve Olson is a 1970s-1980s era American professional skateboarder and contemporary artist originally from Orange County, California.

In 1979, he was sponsored by Santa Cruz Skateboards, turning professional alongside of teammates Duane Peters and Steve Alba. Later the same year Olson would receive the Skateboarder Of The Year award.

Among his contributions to the culture, Olson is credited with first introducing the skateboarding world to Punk rock music.

In 2014, Olson was inducted into the Skateboarding Hall of Fame. Filmmaker and former professional skateboarder Stacy Peralta said of Olson's induction, “He was the first Vert skateboarding champion. He would show up to contests with the least amount of practice. But then he’d get this intense focus and would go out there and be flawless. And he never did the same thing twice.”

Stacy Peralta
Stacy Douglas Peralta (born October 15, 1957) is an American film director and entrepreneur. He was previously a professional skateboarder and surfer with the Zephyr Competition Team, also known as the Z-Boys, from Venice, California.
Airport policing in the United Kingdom
Airport policing in the United Kingdom has taken many forms since the rise of scheduled airline services in the post-war period. Policing at major civilian airports was the responsibility of specialist constabularies operated by three central government departments until 1974, when the rise in international terrorism saw armed police from territorial police forces deployed to major airports under the provisions of the Policing of Airports Act. As more minor airports grew in size, they too switched to armed police provided by local police forces. However, the funding agreements for the provision of such services varied wildly from airport to airport, leading to disagreements between airport operators and chief constables. A new regime, the Airport Security Planning Framework, came into force in January 2010, and brought airport operators, airlines and police forces together to develop joint security and policing plans for all passenger airports.

Teesside International Airport
Teesside International Airport (IATA: MME, ICAO: EGNV), formerly Durham Tees Valley Airport, is a small international airport in the Borough of Darlington, County Durham, England. It primarily serves Teesside (including Middlesbrough and Stockton-on-Tees), County Durham (including Darlington) and North Yorkshire.

The airport has a Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) Public Use Aerodrome Licence that allows flights for the public transport of passengers and for flight instruction. Tees Valley Combined Authority owns three-quarters of the airport and Teesside Airport Foundation owns the remainder.
Electoral district of Morwell
The electoral district of Morwell is an electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly. It covers the regional centres of Moe, Morwell and Traralgon, as well as the surrounding rural areas in the middle of Gippsland.

Created in 1955, it was held by the Liberals until the 1970 election, when it was won by Labor. They held the seat until the 2006 election, when the Nationals gained the seat. In 2017, Nationals MP Russell Northe resigned from the party, becoming an independent. At the 2022 election, the Nationals regained the seat with Martin Cameron being elected.

Victorian National Party
The Victorian National Party, officially known as the National Party of Australia – Victoria, is an Australian political party that serves as the state branch of the federal National Party in Victoria. It represents graziers, farmers, miners and rural voters.

It began as a political activity of the Victorian Farmer's Union, which became involved in state politics in 1916. It was then known as the Country Party for many years, until becoming "The Nationals" in 1975.

In state parliament it is presently the junior partner in a centre-right Coalition with the Liberal Party, forming a joint Opposition bench. The party's leader Danny O'Brien serves as deputy opposition leader, while in government the party's leader serves as Deputy Premier of Victoria.
Basketball at the 2009 Mediterranean Games
The basketball tournament at the 2009 Mediterranean Games was held in the Elettra Sports Hall, Ortona Sports Hall, Teramo Sports Hall and the Roseto Sports Hall from June 27 to July 4, 2009 in Pescara, Italy.

Basketball at the Mediterranean Games
Basketball at the Mediterranean Games has been played consistently since 1951 for men, and 1987 for women. The Yugoslavia national team, which disbanded in 1992, was the most successful men's team, while the Croatia women's national team has been the most successful in the women's competition. Since 2018, the Mediterranean Games has exclusively featured 3x3 basketball.