hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leinong language
Lainong Naga, or Htang Ngan, is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Burma. Lainong Naga is spoken in about 32 villages of Lahe Township and northwestern Hkamti Township, Naga Self-Administered Zone (formerly administered as part of Hkamti District), Sagaing Division, Myanmar (Ethnologue). Dialects are Zëūdiāng.

The Lainong Naga dialects share 89%–100% lexical similarity. Lainong Naga is 69%–75% lexically similar with Ponyo-Gongwang Naga, 62%–67% with Khiamniungan Naga, and 37%–41% with Lao variety of Konyak Naga.

Konyak language
Konyak is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken by the Konyak people in the state of Nagaland, north-eastern India. It is written using the Latin script.

The language has 244,000 speakers in the state (as of the 2011 census); most of these (237,000) are in Mon district, with smaller populations in the districts of Dimapur (2,900), Kohima (2,000), Mokokchung (1,100), and Longleng (900). There are also an estimated 2,000 speakers in neighbouring Myanmar, specifically in Hkamti District and in Lahe township.
German Clothing Workers' Union
The German Clothing Workers' Union (German: Deutscher Bekleidungsarbeiter-Verband, DBAV) was a trade union representing people involved in making clothing in Germany.

The union was founded in 1888 as the German Union of Tailors.  It changed its name frequently until 1894, when it became the Union of Tailors, Dressmakers and Kindred Trades.  In 1907, the Union of Lingerie and Tie Workers in Germany merged in, and it renamed itself as the Union of Tailors and Dressmakers in Germany.

After World War I, the union was a founding constituent of the General German Trade Union Confederation.  In 1924, it was joined by the German Furriers' Union, and by 1928, it had 77,884 members.  In 1933, it was banned by the Nazi government.  After World War II, the Textile and Clothing Union was formed to represent clothing workers.

General German Trade Union Federation
The General German Trade Union Federation (German: Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, ADGB) was a confederation of trade unions in Germany founded during the Weimar Republic. It was founded in 1919 and was initially powerful enough to organize a general strike in 1920 against a right-wing coup d'état. After the 1929 Wall Street crash, the ensuing Great Depression caused widespread unemployment. The ADGB suffered a dramatic loss of membership, both from unemployment and political squabbles. By the time the Nazis seized control of the government, the ADGB's leadership had distanced itself from the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and was openly cooperating with Nazis in an attempt to keep the organization alive. Nonetheless, on 2 May 1933 the SA and SS stormed the offices of the ADGB and its member trade unions, seized their assets and arrested their leaders, crushing the organization.
John S. Marmaduke
John Sappington Marmaduke (March 14, 1833 – December 28, 1887) was an American politician and soldier. He was the 25th governor of Missouri from 1885 until his death in 1887. During the American Civil War, he was a senior officer of the Confederate States Army who commanded cavalry in the Trans-Mississippi Theater.

On September 6, 1863, Marmaduke killed a Confederate brigadier general, Lucius M. Walker, in a duel. Confederate Major General Sterling Price ordered Marmaduke's arrest but suspended the order because of the impending U.S. advance on Little Rock, Arkansas. Marmaduke never faced a court martial for the duel.

Albert Sidney Johnston
General Albert Sidney Johnston (February 2, 1803 – April 6, 1862) was an American military officer who served as a general officer in three different armies: the Texian Army, the United States Army, and the Confederate States Army. He saw extensive combat during his 34-year military career, fighting actions in the Black Hawk War, the Texas-Indian Wars, the Mexican–American War, the Utah War, and the American Civil War, where he died on the battlefield.

Considered by Confederate States President Jefferson Davis to be the finest general officer in the Confederacy before the later emergence of Robert E. Lee, he was killed early in the Civil War at the Battle of Shiloh on April 6, 1862. Johnston was the highest-ranking officer on either side killed during the war. Davis believed the loss of General Johnston "was the turning point of our fate."

Johnston was unrelated to Confederate general Joseph E. Johnston.
Franckeite
Franckeite, chemical formula Pb5Sn3Sb2S14, belongs to a family of complex sulfide minerals. Franckeite is a sulfosalt. It is closely related to cylindrite.

It was first described in 1893 for an occurrence in Chocaya, Potosí Department, Bolivia. It is named after the mining engineers, Carl and Ernest Francke. It can be found in Bolivia at Poopó in Oruro and at Las Aminas, southeast of Chocaya, in Potosi.  Franckeite has an average density of 5.7 and can be both grayish black, blackish gray in color.

It occurs in hydrothermal silver-tin deposits in Bolivia and in contact metamorphosed limestone deposit in the Kalkar quarry in California. It occurs with cylindrite, teallite, plagionite, zinkenite, cassiterite, wurtzite, pyrrhotite,
marcasite, arsenopyrite, galena, pyrite, sphalerite, siderite and stannite.

Cassiterite
Cassiterite is a tin oxide mineral, SnO2.  It is generally opaque, but it is translucent in thin crystals. Its luster and multiple crystal faces produce a desirable gem. Cassiterite was the chief tin ore throughout ancient history and remains the most important source of tin today.
Armstrong and Miller (TV series)
Armstrong and Miller – later retitled The Armstrong and Miller Show – is a comedy sketch television show that aired between 1997 and 2001 featuring Alexander Armstrong and Ben Miller, known together as Armstrong and Miller. Following a series on the Paramount Comedy Channel in 1997, a further three were made for Channel 4.

The duo moved to BBC One in 2007 with The Armstrong & Miller Show.

Armstrong and Miller
Armstrong and Miller are an English comedy double act consisting of the actor-comedians Alexander Armstrong and Ben Miller. They have performed in two eponymous television sketch shows, the satirical Timeghost podcast, and many individual television appearances.
Enterprise Architecture Body of Knowledge
The Enterprise Architecture Body of Knowledge (EABOK) is a guide to Enterprise Architecture produced by MITRE's Center for Innovative Computing and Informatics, and is substantially funded by US government agencies.  It provides a critical review of enterprise architecture issues in the context of the needs of an organization.  Because it provides a "big picture" view of needs and methods, some enterprise architecture practitioners recommend it as starting point for a business establishing an enterprise architecture unit.

Mitre Corporation
The Mitre Corporation (stylized as The MITRE Corporation and MITRE) is an American not-for-profit organization with dual headquarters in Bedford, Massachusetts, and McLean, Virginia. It manages federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs) supporting various U.S. government agencies in the aviation, defense, healthcare, homeland security, and cybersecurity fields, among others.

MITRE formed in 1958 as a military think tank, spun out from the radar and computer research at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory. Over the years, MITRE's field of study had greatly diversified. In the 1990s, with the winding down of the Cold War, private companies complained that MITRE had an unfair advantage competing for civilian contracts; in 1996 this led to the civilian projects being spun off to a new company, Mitretek. Mitretek was renamed Noblis in 2007.
Helladia humeralis
Helladia humeralis is a species of longhorn beetle in the subfamily Lamiinae found in Iran, Turkey and the Near East. The length of the species is 5–12 millimetres (0.20–0.47 in). It is black in colour with orange legs and antennae. Adults are on the wing from April to June. It feeds on Centaurea hyalolepis, which is also its host plant.

Lamiinae
Lamiinae, commonly called flat-faced longhorns, are a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae). The subfamily includes over 750 genera, rivaled in diversity within the family only by the subfamily Cerambycinae.
Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria
Ferdinand Maria (31 October 1636 – 26 May 1679) was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 1651 to 1679. The Elector modernized the army and introduced Bavaria's first government code. Besides encouraging agriculture and industry, he also improved building and restoration works on churches and monasteries since the damage caused during the Thirty Years' War.

Louis, Grand Dauphin
Louis, Dauphin of France (1 November 1661 – 14 April 1711), commonly known as le Grand Dauphin, was the eldest son of King Louis XIV and his spouse, Maria Theresa of Spain and heir apparent to the French throne. He became known as the Grand Dauphin after the birth of his own son, Louis, Duke of Burgundy, the Petit (little) Dauphin. Both of them died before King Louis XIV and thus never became king. Instead, the Grand Dauphin's grandson became King Louis XV at the death of Louis XIV, and his second son inherited the Spanish throne as Philip V through his grandmother, founding the Spanish Bourbon line.
800 Series Shinkansen
The 800 series (800系, Happyaku-kei) is a Japanese Shinkansen high-speed train type operated by Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu) on the Kyushu Shinkansen high-speed rail line. Built by Hitachi, the trains were introduced on the all-stops Tsubame services from March 2004.

The 800 series has a maximum speed of 260 km/h (162 mph) in service, although its maximum design speed is 285 km/h (177 mph). It was one of the two recipients of the 45th Laurel Prize awarded by the Japan Railfan Club in 2005.

It abandoned the 700's "duckbill" nose in favor of a sharper nose. The livery is white, with a red stripe.

Following the opening of the entire Kyushu Shinkansen route on 12 March 2011, 800 series trains were primarily used on all-stations Tsubame services operating mostly between Hakata and Kumamoto. They also operate some Sakura services within the Kyushu Shinkansen.

Kyushu Railway Company
The Kyushu Railway Company, also referred to as JR Kyushu (JR九州, Jeiāru Kyūshū), is one of the seven constituent companies of Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It operates intercity rail services within Kyushu, Japan. It formerly operated the Beetle hydrofoil service across the Tsushima Strait between Fukuoka and Busan, South Korea, before its discontinuation in 2024. It also operates hotels, restaurants, and drugstores across its service region. JR Kyushu's headquarters are in Hakata-ku, Fukuoka.
53rd New York State Legislature
The 53rd New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 5 to April 20, 1830, during the second year of Enos T. Throop's governorship, in Albany.

Schenectady County, New York
Schenectady County (/skəˈnɛktədi/) is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 158,061. The county seat is Schenectady. The name is from a Mohawk language word meaning "on the other side of the pine lands," a term that originally applied to Albany. The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.

Schenectady County is part of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is west of the confluence of the Mohawk with the Hudson River. It includes territory on the north and the south sides of the Mohawk River.
1909 Cork Junior Hurling Championship
The 1909 Cork Junior Hurling Championship was the 15th staging of the Cork Junior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1895.

The final was played on 31 October 1909 at the Athletic Grounds in Ballincollig, between Redmonds and Aghabullogue, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Redmonds won the match by 4-12 to 1-03 to claim their fifth championship title overall and a first championship title in nine years.

1895 Cork Junior Hurling Championship
The 1895 Cork Junior Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Junior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.

The final was played on 11 August 1895 at the Park in Cork, between Blackrock and Evergreen. Blackrock won the match by 1–04 to 1–01 to claim their first ever championship title in the grade.
2013 Venezuelan municipal elections
Municipal elections were held in Venezuela to elect 337 mayors and 2,455 local councillors for their respective 2013-2017 terms. Originally planned for 14 April 2013, due to the death of President Hugo Chávez and the announcement of a new presidential election to be held on that date, the municipal elections were rescheduled for 8 December 2013. That date, 8 December 2013, was later announced by the president of the National Electoral Council, Tibisay Lucena.

Death and state funeral of Hugo Chávez
The death of Hugo Chávez, president of Venezuela, was announced by government officials to have been on 5 March 2013 at 16:25 VET (20:55 UTC) in Caracas, Venezuela, from cancer at the age of 58.

Chávez was first elected as president in 1998 and was re-elected in 2000, 2006 and 2012. However, Chávez was unable to be sworn in for a fourth term after the 2012 election due to his illness. Under the terms of the constitution, his death triggered an early presidential election, which was won by his vice president Nicolás Maduro.
Vasily Shandybin
Vasily Ivanovich Shandybin (Russian: Василий Иванович Шандыбин; 25 July 1941 – 30 December 2009) was a Russian politician. He was a member of State Duma representing the Communist Party of the Russian Federation until 2003. He failed to get re-elected and subsequently joined the Agrarian Party of Russia, intending to run at the next elections.

Shandybin was a former metalworker and was well known for his bald head and his frank manners. Shandybin was involved in many charitable activities in favour of orphans asylum, poor people, schools and pensioners.

Yury Lodkin
Yury Yevgenyevich Lodkin (Russian: Юрий Евгеньевич Лодкин; born 26 March 1938), is a Russian politician who served two terms as governor of Bryansk Oblast, the first in 1993, and the second from 1996 to 2004.

Lodkin was also a member of the State Duma's second convocation, from 1995 to 1996, as a member of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation.
Nobuhisa Yamada
Nobuhisa Yamada (山田 暢久, Yamada Nobuhisa; born 10 September 1975) is a former Japanese football player. He played for Japan national team.

Yamada mainly played on the right as a defender or midfielder. He spent his entire professional career at Urawa Reds of J1 League with more than 500 league appearances. He earned 15 caps playing for Japan.

2003 J.League Cup
The J.League Cup 2003, officially the 2003 J.League Yamazaki Nabisco Cup, was the first edition of Japan soccer league cup tournament and the 11th edition under the current J.League Cup format. The competition started on March 8, and finished on November 3, 2003.

Teams from the J1 took part in the tournament. Kashima Antlers and Shimizu S-Pulse were given a bye to the quarter-final due to their qualification for the AFC Champions League. The rest of 14 teams started from the group stage, where they're divided into four groups. The group winners of each group qualifies for the quarter-final along with the runners-up of group A and B, and the two teams which qualified for the AFC Champions League.
Antrorbis breweri
Antrorbis breweri, common name Manitou cavesnail, is a species of freshwater snail with gills and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Lithoglyphidae.

The specific name breweri is in honor of Dr. Stephen Brewer, the owner of Manitou Cave.

Lithoglyphidae
Lithoglyphidae is a family of small freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks.

This family is in the superfamily Truncatelloidea and in the clade Littorinimorpha (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Hunter Valley Steamfest
The Hunter Valley Steamfest is one of the major events in the New South Wales steam locomotive season and also one of the major events held in Maitland, in the Hunter Region. Held over two days in April, it is usually attended by steam locomotives from the Canberra Railway Museum, NSW Rail Museum and East Coast Heritage Rail and railmotors from the Rail Motor Society.

South Maitland Railway
The South Maitland Railway was an extensive network of privately owned colliery and passenger railway lines which served the South Maitland coalfields in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia and were the second last system in Australia to use steam haulage, having used steam locomotives until 1983.

The last section was mothballed in March 2020 after operations at the Austar coal mine in Pelton were suspended. On 2 March 2022, remaining assets were sold to Aurizon; these included the sidings at East Greta and the remaining line from East Greta Junction to the former site of Bellbird Junction.
Alec Beck
Alec Beck is an American professional skateboarder, public space advocate, skatepark designer, and Olympic coach.

As of 2024, Beck works as the Associate Director of Advocacy & Public Engagement at The Skatepark Project (formerly The Tony Hawk Foundation).

Tony Hawk
Anthony Frank Hawk (born May 12, 1968), nicknamed Birdman, is an American professional skateboarder, entrepreneur, and the owner of the skateboard company Birdhouse. A pioneer of modern vertical skateboarding, Hawk completed the first documented "900" skateboarding trick in 1999. He also licensed a skateboarding video game series named after him, published by Activision that same year. Hawk, who retired from competing professionally in 2003, is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential skateboarders of all time.

Among Hawk's philanthropic activities is the Skatepark Project, which helps to build skateparks in underprivileged areas around the world.
Formula One drivers from Canada
There have been 15 Formula One drivers from Canada, four of whom have scored points. Gilles Villeneuve, six-time Grand Prix winner, died while qualifying for his 68th race. His son, Jacques Villeneuve won the World Drivers' Championship in 1997. Canadian drivers were absent from Formula One from Jacques Villeneuve's departure in 2006 until the arrival of Lance Stroll in 2017.

Al Pease
Alan "Al" Victor Pease (15 October 1921 – 4 May 2014) was a British-Canadian motor racing driver, who was born in Darlington, England. He holds the unusual accolade of being the only driver to be disqualified from a Formula One World Championship race due to being too slow.
2011 Kazan Kremlin Cup
The 2011 Kazan Kremlin Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ATP Challenger Tour and the Tretorn SERIE+ series. It took place in Kazan, Russia between 31 January and 6 February 2011.

2011 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The 2011 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 15 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and approximately 150 regular series tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
Archaeoacoustics
Archaeoacoustics is a sub-field of archaeology and acoustics which studies the relationship between people and sound throughout history. It is an interdisciplinary field with methodological contributions from room acoustics, archaeology,  and computer simulation, and is broadly related to topics within cultural anthropology such as experimental archaeology and ethnomusicology. Since many cultures have sonic components, applying acoustical methods to the study of archaeological sites and artifacts may reveal new information on the civilizations examined.
This is especially relevant for public gatherings like rituals or ceremonies, where understanding how sound traveled was essential. Different acoustic methods have been applied to archaeological sites, revealing details about architectural features and the spatial organization of past civilizations.

Music archaeology
Music archaeology is an interdisciplinary field of study that combines musicology and archaeology. As it includes the study of music from various cultures, it is often considered to be a subfield of ethnomusicology.
Bucerdea Grânoasă
Bucerdea Grânoasă (German: Burhardsdorf; Hungarian: Búzásbocsárd) is a commune located in Alba County, Transylvania, Romania. It has a population of 2,169 (as of 2021). It is composed of four villages: Bucerdea Grânoasă, Cornu (Kornujalja), Pădure (Székelyhegytanya), and Pânca. These were part of Crăciunelu de Jos Commune until 2006, when they were split off.

The commune is located in the southeastern corner of the Transylvanian Plateau, about 3 km (1.9 mi) north of the Târnava River and 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Blaj.

The Bucerdea Grânoasă train station serves Line 300 of the CFR network, which runs from Bucharest to Blaj to Teiuș and then towards the Hungarian border. A rail crash occurred here in the morning of October 7, 1968: due to a signalman's error, a fast passenger train collided head-on with a local train; 22 people were killed, and 72 seriously injured. This was Romania's second railway accident in number of victims after the Ciurea rail disaster of 1917.

Blaj
Blaj (Romanian pronunciation: [blaʒ]; archaically spelled as Blaș; Hungarian: Balázsfalva; German: Blasendorf; Transylvanian Saxon: Blußendref) is a city in Alba County, Transylvania, Romania. It has a population of 17,816 inhabitants as of 2021.

The city administers eight villages: Deleni-Obârșie (Obursatanya), Flitești, Izvoarele (until 1960 Ciufud; Csufud), Mănărade (Monora), Petrisat (Magyarpéterfalva), Spătac (Szászpatak), Tiur (Tűr), and Veza (Véza).

The city was the principal religious and cultural center of the Romanian Greek-Catholic Church in Transylvania.
Magwagwa
Magwagwa is a small town in Nyamusi division, Nyamira County in Kenya.

The town is inhabited by the Gusii people. It lies between Chabera — off the Kisii-Kisumu road at Sondu — and Ikonge off The Kisii-Chemosit road.

The area is densely populated with its main source of income coming from small scale farming. The main cash crops are tea, coffee and pyrethrum in some places. There are no major economic projects in the area except the Sondu Miriu hydroelectric power station.

Sondu
Sondu is a small town border town in Kenya's Kisumu County and Kericho County.The boundary  between Kisumu and Kericho counties has been contentious for years with original boundary posed to have been behind Sondu Police station which was in Kisumu County until 1992 when it was taken back to Kericho County. It borders Homabay County to the south with river Sondu-Miriu acting as a boundary to the south. It also acts as a transport hub between Kericho, Kisumu and Kisii towns as the Kisumu-Kisii highway passing through it.

Sondu is a pocket of political intolerance and prone to post-election violence in periods of five years when elections are held; with the worst one happening in 1992.

Cattle rustling between the Luos and Kipsigis is almost accepted as a norm with the Government curtailing the same by building Antistock theft Police Station at the border.However talks have been held from both tribes and resolutions are yet to found.