hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Banja Luka Challenger
The Banja Luka Challenger was a tennis tournament held in Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina since 2002. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on outdoor clay courts. The 2024 edition was cancelled on the 2024 Challenger Tour.

2024 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2024 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2024 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 207 tournaments with prize money ranging from $41,000 up to $225,500. It was the 47th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 16th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary
Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary situated on the northern boundary of Mandsaur and Neemuch districts in Madhya Pradesh, India. It is spread over an area of 368.62 km2 (142.32 sq mi) adjoining Rajasthan state in India. It was notified in 1974 and more area was added in 1983. The Chambal River passes through the sanctuary dividing it into two parts. The western part is in Neemuch district and eastern part is in Mandsaur district. It is in the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion.

Hinglajgarh
Hinglajgarh is an ancient fortress in Navali, Mandsaur District, Madhya Pradesh, India. The fortress has been controlled by multiple rulers, and has been rebuilt and revamped throughout the ages. The name Hinglajgarh comes from the Goddess Hinglaj Devi: a temple dedicated to her is located on the southern portion of the fortress. The site has also been described as a fortress city.
Henry II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels
Henry II of Münsterberg-Oels (also known as:Henry II of Poděbrady, German: Heinrich II. von Münsterberg-Oels or Heinrich II. von Podiebrad, Czech: Jindřich II. Minstrbersko-Olešnický; 29 March 1507 – 2 August 1548, Bierutów) was from 1536 to 1542 Duke of Münsterberg and of Oels (Oleśnica) and from 1542 to 1548 Duke of Bernstadt (Bierutów). He also held the title of Count of Glatz (Kladsko), though he never actually ruled the County itself.

County of Kladsko
The County of Kladsko (Czech: Kladské hrabství, German: Grafschaft Glatz, Polish: Hrabstwo kłodzkie) was a historical administrative unit within Bohemia as a part of the Kingdom of Bohemia and later in the Kingdom of Prussia with its capital at Kłodzko (Kladsko) on the Nysa river. The territory comprises the Kłodzko Land with the Kłodzko Valley in center within the Sudetes mountain range and roughly corresponds with the present-day Kłodzko County in the Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship.
Power Tower
Power Tower is a thrill ride located at two Six Flags parks in the US, Cedar Point and Valleyfair. The attractions are powered by air in large cylinders in which an aircraft steel cable, connected to the internal piston, travels and is also connected to the external rider car. Hydraulic cylinders at the base of the tower provide an extra measure of safety in case of a ride malfunction. Both rides were designed and manufactured by S&S Power of Logan, Utah. As of the 2020 season from their respective websites, both changed their height requirements from 52 inches (130 cm) to 48 inches (120 cm).

Space Shot (ride)
Space Shot is a type of amusement ride manufactured by S&S - Sansei Technologies.

The ride is a drop tower type attraction that uses compressed air to rapidly propel riders up the tower then gently lower them with a series of air-cushioned bounces back to the loading platform.

The first space shot to be built in the United States was the Spaceshot at D&D Adventure, a now defunct family entertainment center. The former was the prototype with the first model going to Action Park in Vernon, New Jersey. Built in early 1995 and opening for the 1995 season.

The tallest space shot in the world is the La Venganza del Enigma in Parque Warner Madrid at 115 m (377 ft)
Education and Learning Wales
ELWa was an Assembly Sponsored Public Body responsible for post-16 learning in Wales, active from 2000 to 2006. ELWa's functions are now exercised by the Assembly Government's Department for Children, Education, Lifelong Learning and Skills.

Higher Education Funding Council for Wales
The Higher Education Funding Council for Wales (HEFCW) was the Welsh Government Sponsored Body responsible for funding the higher education sector. It was replaced by Medr, the Commission for Tertiary Education and Research from August 2024.
GOV.UK Verify
GOV.UK Verify was an identity assurance system developed by the British Government Digital Service (GDS) which was in operation between May 2016 and April 2023. The system was intended to provide a single trusted login across all British government digital services, verifying the user's identity in 15 minutes. It allowed users to choose one of several companies to verify their identity to a standard level of assurance before accessing 22 central government online services.

Login
In computer security, logging in (or logging on, signing in, or signing on) is the process by which an individual gains access to a computer system or program by identifying and authenticating themselves.

Typically, user credentials consist of a username and a password. These credentials themselves are sometimes referred to as a login. Modern secure systems often require a second factor, such as email or SMS confirmation for extra security. Social login allows a user to use an existing cell phone number or user credentials from another email or social networking service to sign in or create an account on a new website.

When access is no longer needed, the user can log out, log off, sign out or sign off.
Baito keigo
Baito keigo (Japanese: バイト敬語), is a controversial form of honorifics (keigo) in the Japanese language taught via  employee training manuals, especially to young part-timers (バイト) at fast-food restaurants and convenience stores. Baito keigo  incorporates nonstandard formulas for servers and cashiers to use when addressing customers, commonly longer and vaguer than the standard expression in an attempt to increase the level of politeness and avoid offense. Baito keigo is opposed by language purists on the grounds that their use frequently leads to grammatically incorrect or illogical constructions.

Alternate terms  include "manual  keigo," "convenience-store keigo," and "family-restaurant keigo."

Honorific speech in Japanese
The Japanese language has a system of honorific speech, referred to as keigo (Japanese: 敬（けい）語（ご）; literally "respectful language"), parts of speech one function of which is to show that the speaker wants to convey respect for either the listener or someone mentioned in the utterance.  Their use is widely seen in a variety of business or formal social situations.  Honorifics in Japanese can also be used to show unfamiliarity (social distance), or they can be used to show that the speaker is cultured and sophisticated enough to have mastered the ins and outs of the system. Japanese honorific titles, often simply called honorifics, consist of suffixes and prefixes when referring to others in a conversation.

The system is very extensive, having its own special vocabulary and grammatical forms to express various levels of respectful, humble, and polite speech. It closely resembles other honorifics systems found in the East Asian cultural sphere, such as honorifics in Korean.
Danzig denar
The Danzig denar was a currency used in the city of Danzig (currently Gdańsk) issued at various times in the 16th century, including, most notably, in 1573, during the reign of Henry of Valois as King of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In works published starting in the late 20th century, it is considered to be among the coins of the interregnum of 1572–1573.

In 1573, the second year of the first interregnum of the Commonwealth, Danzig minted two variants of the coin, the denarius (denar) and shilling (szeląg). These were the first coins minted in Danzig since the closure of the local mint in 1558.

Denarius
The denarius (Latin: [deːˈnaːriʊs]; pl.: dēnāriī, Latin: [deːˈnaːriiː]) was the standard Roman silver coin from its introduction in the Second Punic War c. 211 BC to the reign of Gordian III (AD 238–244), when it was gradually replaced by the antoninianus. It continued to be minted in very small quantities, likely for ceremonial purposes, until and through the Tetrarchy (293–313).: 87

The word dēnārius is derived from the Latin dēnī "containing ten", as its value was originally of 10 assēs. The word for "money" descends from it in Italian (denaro), Slovene (denar), Portuguese (dinheiro), and Spanish (dinero). Its name also survives in the dinar currency.

Its symbol is represented in Unicode as 𐆖 (U+10196), a numeral monogram that appeared on the obverse in the Republican period, denoting the 10 asses ("X") to 1 denarius ("I") conversion rate.
Gmina Granowo
Gmina Granowo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Grodzisk Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Granowo, which lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) east of Grodzisk Wielkopolski and 33 km (21 mi) south-west of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 68.42 square kilometres (26.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,921 (5,042 in 2011).

Grodzisk Wielkopolski
Grodzisk Wielkopolski [ˈɡrɔd͡ʑizɡ‿vʲɛlkɔˈpɔlskʲi] is a town in western Poland, in Greater Poland Voivodeship (Wielkopolskie), with a population of 13,703 (2006). It is the seat of Grodzisk Wielkopolski County, and also of the smaller administrative district called Gmina Grodzisk Wielkopolski. It is situated on the Letnica River. The suffix "Wielkopolski" distinguishes it from the town of Grodzisk Mazowiecki in east-central Poland.

A town that developed from an early medieval fortified stronghold, Grodzisk is a historic center for brewing and meat production. It has become known as the place of origin of the Grodziskie beer style, and in modern times as the home of the Dyskobolia Grodzisk Wielkopolski football club, which competed in European competitions in the 2000s, achieving victories against much higher ranked and more acclaimed European clubs.
Murg, Baden-Württemberg
Murg (German pronunciation: [mʊʁk] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district of Waldshut in Baden-Württemberg in southwestern Germany, on the right (north) bank of the High Rhine. The small river Murg flows into the Rhine in the municipality.

Waldshut (district)
Waldshut (German pronunciation: [ˌvalt͡sˈhuːt]) is a Landkreis (district) in the south of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighbouring districts are (clockwise from the west) Lörrach, Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald and Schwarzwald-Baar; followed in the south by the Swiss cantons of Schaffhausen, Zürich and Aargau.
TOT S.C.
TOT Sport Club (Thai: ทีโอที สปอร์ต คลับ) is a Thai defunct football club based in Lak Si district in northern Bangkok which represents the national telecommunications company, TOT Public Company Limited. TOT originally stands for the Telephone Organization of Thailand, the former name of the company at the time before their privatization. TOT's football team is a member of Football Association of Thailand (FAT) and a co-founder of the Thai Premier League. TOT S.C. was dissolved in 2016.

Thai FA Cup
The Thai FA Cup (Thai: ไทยเอฟเอคัพ), known officially as The Football Association of Thailand Cup, is a football cup competition in Thailand. Thai FA Cup is an annual knockout association football competition in men's domestic football. It was held between 1974 and 1999 and relaunched in 2009. Raj Vithi won the first two editions.

In 2009 it was announced that the Thai FA Cup would return to the Thai football calendar. All the teams from the Thai League 1 and Division 1 League were automatically entered and teams from the Division 2 League as well as university and schools teams could apply to enter. The qualifying round took place from 27–30 June. The first round proper will see sixteen qualifiers progress to the second round where they will each meet a Division 1 side. The sixteen TPL teams enter at the third round stage. The final will be played at National Stadium with the winning team receiving 1,000,000 Thai baht. The runners-up will receive 500,000 Thai baht.
Peter C. Gøtzsche
Peter Christian Gøtzsche  (born 26 November 1949) is a Danish physician, medical researcher, and former leader of the Nordic Cochrane Center at Rigshospitalet in Copenhagen, Denmark.
He is a co-founder of the Cochrane Collaboration and has written numerous reviews for the organization. His membership in Cochrane was terminated by its Governing Board of Trustees on 25 September 2018. The British Medical Journal (BMJ) extensively covered Peter Gøtzsche's expulsion from the Cochrane Collaboration, framing it as a major crisis involving governance, transparency, and conflicts of interest.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a vocal vaccine advocate David Gorski, surgical oncologist and Professor of Surgery and Oncology, and critic of the anti-vaccine movement published on Science-Based Medicine (SBM) on March 21, 2023 the article, where he critiques a preprint systematic review "Serious Harms of the Covid-19 Vaccine"  by Peter Gøtzsche and Maryanne Demasi.

Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis is a method of synthesis of quantitative data from multiple independent studies addressing a common research question. An important part of this method involves computing a combined effect size across all of the studies. As such, this statistical approach involves extracting effect sizes and variance measures from various studies. By combining these effect sizes the statistical power is improved and can resolve uncertainties or discrepancies found in individual studies. Meta-analyses are integral in supporting research grant proposals, shaping treatment guidelines, and influencing health policies. They are also pivotal in summarizing existing research to guide future studies, thereby cementing their role as a fundamental methodology in metascience. Meta-analyses are often, but not always, important components of a systematic review.
Dispersion stabilized molecules
Dispersion stabilized molecules are molecules where the London dispersion force (LDF), a non-covalent attractive force between atoms and molecules, plays a significant role in promoting the molecule's stability. Distinct from steric hindrance, dispersion stabilization has only recently been considered in depth by organic and inorganic chemists after earlier gaining prominence in protein science and supramolecular chemistry. Although usually weaker than covalent bonding and other forms of non-covalent interactions like hydrogen bonding, dispersion forces are known to be a significant if not dominating stabilizing force in certain organic, inorganic, and main group molecules, stabilizing otherwise reactive moieties and exotic bonding.

Tetrahedrane
Tetrahedrane is a hypothetical platonic hydrocarbon with chemical formula C4H4 and a tetrahedral structure. The molecule would be subject to considerable angle strain and has not been synthesized as of 2023.  However, a number of derivatives have been prepared.  In a more general sense, the term tetrahedranes is used to describe a class of molecules and ions with related structure, e.g. white phosphorus.
Alejandro Silva (footballer, born 1989)
Alejandro Daniel Silva González (born 4 September 1989) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a right midfielder for Paraguayan Primera División club Libertad.

He is a two-footed player with the ability to defend, run with the ball, set up goals and score as well.

Centro Atlético Fénix
Centro Atlético Fénix is a Uruguayan sports club from Montevideo. The football team currently plays in Uruguayan Segunda División. Fénix is one of the most popular and traditional teams of Uruguay's 2nd Division, along with Racing Club de Montevideo, which is its all-time rival.
Ministry of Railways (Turkmenistan)
The Turkmenistan Ministry of Railways (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň Demir ýol ulaglary ministrligi is a government agency in Turkmenistan responsible for oversight of the state rail corporation "Demirýollary" AGPJ. It was reconstituted out of the Turkmenistan railway agency on 11 July 2025.

Türkmenbaşy, Turkmenistan
Türkmenbaşy, previously known as Shagadam (Turkmen: Şagadam), Krasnovodsk (Russian: Красноводск) and Kyzyl-Su, is a major port city in Balkan Province in western Turkmenistan, on the Türkmenbaşy Gulf of the Caspian Sea. It sits at an elevation of 27 metres (89 feet). The population (est 2004) was 86,800, consisting of mostly ethnic Turkmens, with the addition of Russian, Armenian and Azeri minorities. As the terminus of the Trans-Caspian Railway and site of a major seaport on the Caspian, it is an important transportation center. The city is also the site of Turkmenistan's largest oil refining complex.

This city should not be confused with the similarly named town of Türkmenbaşy (Turkmen: Türkmenbaşy şäherçesi), formerly called Janga (Russian: Джанга, Cyrillic Turkmen: Җанга), also in Balkan Province, or the city of Saparmyrat Türkmenbaşy adyndaky in Daşoguz Province.
Horton Kirby and South Darenth
Horton Kirby and South Darenth, formerly just Horton Kirby is a civil parish in the Sevenoaks district of Kent, England. The parish is located in the River Darent valley between Sevenoaks town and Dartford: it consists of the two villages of Horton Kirby and South Darenth. On 1 April 1979 the parish was renamed from "Horton Kirby" to "Horton Kirby & South Darenth".

Horton Kirby Paper Mills in South Darenth were founded by Henry Hall at the beginning of the 19th century. Since June 2003, the mills have ceased processing paper.

Sevenoaks District
Sevenoaks is a local government district in west Kent, England. Its council is based in the town of Sevenoaks.

The district was formed on 1 April 1974 by the merger of Sevenoaks Urban District, Sevenoaks Rural District and part of Dartford Rural District.
Rollbase
Infinite Blue Platform, (previously Rollbase) is a platform as a service (PaaS) software solution. It was founded by the eponymous software vendor based in Saratoga, California and previously owned by Progress Software (Nasdaq: PRGS) in June 2013. In May 2019, Rollbase was acquired by BC in the Cloud, a business continuity and disaster recovery application company, who then formed the new company Infinite Blue, as they expanded their offerings.

Founded in 2007, the Rollbase platform allows users to create Software as a Service (SaaS) business applications using point and click, drag and drop tools in a standard web browser with minimal programming.

Platform as a service
Platform as a service (PaaS) or application platform as a service (aPaaS) or platform-based service is a cloud computing service model where users provision, instantiate, run and manage a modular bundle of a computing platform and applications, without the complexity of building and maintaining the infrastructure associated with developing and launching application(s), and to allow developers to create, develop, and package such software bundles.
Austin Post (photographer)
Austin S. Post (16 March 1922 – 12 November 2012) was a photographer, glaciologist, and mountaineer known for his aerial photography of the mountains and glaciers of North America, particularly the North Cascades of Washington and Glacier Bay, Alaska.

Post worked for many years as a research scientist for the United States Geological Survey and was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Alaska-Fairbanks in 2004, despite not having graduated from high school. Many of his photographs were used in the Cascade Alpine Guide series by Fred Beckey. Post named Bradford Washburn as a photographic influence. He lived on Vashon Island, Washington.

North Cascades
The North Cascades are a section of the Cascade Range of western North America. They span the border between the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. state of Washington and are officially named in the U.S. and Canada as the Cascade Mountains.  The portion in Canada is known to Americans as the Canadian Cascades, a designation that also includes the mountains above the east bank of the Fraser Canyon as far north as the town of Lytton, at the confluence of the Thompson and Fraser Rivers.

They are predominantly non-volcanic, but include the stratovolcanoes Mount Baker, Glacier Peak and Coquihalla Mountain, which are part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc.
X-Men Gold
X-Men: Gold is a comic book series published by Marvel Comics and initially created by writer Marc Guggenheim and artist Ardian Syaf. This series builds off of plot points established in X-Men Prime. The first issue was released April 5, 2017, with the last issue released on September 19, 2018.

Inhumans vs. X-Men
Inhumans vs. X-Men, also stylized IvX or IVX, is a 2016 American comic book limited series published by Marvel Comics. The series ran for seven issues, beginning with a prologue issue #0 in November 2016 before officially beginning in December 2016 and ending in March 2017. The series was written by Charles Soule and Jeff Lemire with art by Leinil Francis Yu, Kenneth Rocafort, and Javi Garron. The series features a battle over the Terrigen Mist, a substance which the Inhumans need to gain superpowers but is deadly to the mutant X-Men and other mutant individuals.
Rumelihisarı, Sarıyer
Rumelihisarı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Sarıyer, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 10,073 (2022). It is on the European side of Istanbul. The neighborhood is famous for and named after its medieval fortress, Rumelihisarı, built by Mehmed the Conqueror between 1451 and 1452 CE.

Looking at its administrative borders, to the north is Baltalimanı, to the northwest is Fatih Sultan Mehmet, to the west is Etiler, a district of Beşiktaş district, to the south is Bebek of Beşiktaş again, and to the east is the Bosphorus Strait.

Fatih Sultan Mehmet, Sarıyer
Fatih Sultan Mehmet is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Sarıyer, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 15,725 as of 2022. It lies next to the TEM highway.

The parts of the neighbourhood close to the TEM are called Büyük Armutlu, and the parts further away are called Küçük Armutlu. A significant Alevi population settled in Küçük Armutlu from the Anatolian cities of Tokat, Sivas, Amasya, Kahramanmaraş and Tunceli. Büyük Armutlu is connected to Etiler by Narin Bridge. According to data from 2004, the literacy rate of women living in the neighbourhood is 80% and only 10% of this population is working. Most houses in the neighbourhood have a view of the Bosphorus Strait.
Maidenbower (electoral division)
51°06′34″N 0°09′11″W﻿ / ﻿51.10934°N 0.15312°W﻿ / 51.10934; -0.15312

Maidenbower is an electoral division of West Sussex in the United Kingdom, and returns one member to sit on West Sussex County Council. The current County Councillor, is Robert Lanzer who won the seat in a by-election after the resignation of the former Leader of West Sussex County Council Henry Smith upon being elected as Member of Parliament for Crawley.

West Sussex County Council
West Sussex County Council is the upper tier local authority for the non-metropolitan county of West Sussex in England.

The county also contains seven district and borough councils, and 158 town, parish and neighbourhood councils. The county council has 70 elected councillors. The chief executive and directors are responsible for the day-to-day running of the council.

Since 1997, West Sussex County Council has been controlled by the Conservative Party.