hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Electrostatics
Electrostatics is a branch of physics that studies slow-moving or stationary electric charges on macroscopic objects where quantum effects can be neglected. Under these circumstances, the electric field, electric potential, and the charge density are related without complications from magnetic effects.

Since classical antiquity, it has been known that some materials, such as amber, attract lightweight particles after rubbing. The Greek word ḗlektron (ἤλεκτρον), meaning 'amber', was thus the root of the word electricity. Electrostatic phenomena arise from the forces that electric charges exert on each other. Such forces are described by Coulomb's law.

There are many examples of electrostatic phenomena, from those as simple as the attraction of plastic wrap to one's hand after it is removed from a package, to the apparently spontaneous explosion of grain silos, the damage of electronic components during manufacturing, and photocopier and laser printer operation.

Test particle
In physical theories, a test particle, or test charge, is an idealized model of an object whose physical properties (usually mass, charge, or size) are assumed to be negligible except for the property being studied, which is considered to be insufficient to alter the behaviour of the rest of the system. The concept of a test particle often simplifies  problems, and can provide a good approximation for physical phenomena. In addition to its uses in the simplification of the dynamics of a system in particular limits, it is also used as a diagnostic in computer simulations of physical processes.
Hasargundgi
Hasargundgi is a village and Grampanchayat headquarter  of Hasargundgi grampanchayat, in the southern state of Karnataka, India It is located in Chincholi taluk of Kalburgi district. The nearest village is Chimmanchod.

Chimmanchod
Chimmanchod  also spelled       chimmanchoda  is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India It is located in the Chincholi taluk of Kalaburagi district in Karnataka It's Famous For Many Historical Places And Dam
Jani Simulambo
Jani Liabwa Simulambo (born 9 November 1953) is a former Zambian footballer and coach. Nicknamed Be Good, Simulambo had an outstanding career and played at the heart of Zambia’s midfield for close to ten years, representing the country at the 1974 and 1978 African Cup of Nations and was named Zambian captain in 1980.

Football cup competitions in Zambia
According to records from the RSSSF, there were many association football cup competitions organized in Zambia since 1962, some of which are the Independence Cup, the Zambian Challenge Cup (both organized in 1961), the Champion of Champions Cup (organized in 1974) and Zambian Coca-Cola Cup, the latter which began in 2001. These competitions are either inactive or were played no more as of 2009.
Kinuso
Kinuso (Cree: ᑭᓄᓭᐤ, kinosêw) is a hamlet in northern Alberta, Canada within Big Lakes County, and surrounded by the Swan River First Nation reserve. It is located approximately 48 kilometres (30 mi) west of Slave Lake and 71 km east of High Prairie along Highway 2, south of the southern shore of Lesser Slave Lake.

The name Kinuso comes from the Cree word kinosêw 'fish'.

Kinuso was incorporated as a village until it dissolved on September 1, 2009.

Lesser Slave Lake
Lesser Slave Lake is located in northern Alberta, Canada, northwest of Edmonton.  It is the second largest lake entirely within Alberta boundaries (and the largest easily accessible by vehicle), covering 1,160 km2 (450 sq mi) and measuring over 100 km (62 mi) long and 15 km (9.3 mi) at its widest point. Lesser Slave Lake averages 11.4 m (37 ft) in depth and is 20.5 m (67 ft) at its deepest. It drains eastwards into the Athabasca River by way of the Lesser Slave River.

The town of Slave Lake is located at the eastern tip of the lake, around the outflow of Lesser Slave River.
14 de Julho
14 de Julho is a partially collapsed hydroelectric dam, formerly with around 100 MW of power, that is located in the Das Antas River between the municipalities of Cotiporã and Bento Gonçalves in Brazil. The dam had an estimated capacity of 55.18 million cubic meters before its collapse. Its construction project started in 2004 and subsequently entered into commercial operation in 2008.

Taquari River (Rio Grande do Sul)
The Taquari River (Portuguese: Rio Taquari) is a river of Rio Grande do Sul state in southern Brazil. It is a left tributary of the Jacuí River, into which it flows at Triunfo. In its upper course, it is called Rio das Antas.
WNYO (FM)
WNYO is a college radio station broadcasting from the State University of New York at Oswego in the City of Oswego, New York. It is a 24/7 radio station operated and managed by the students of SUNY Oswego. Broadcasting from the SUNY Oswego Marano Campus Center, WNYO broadcasts primarily alternative and hip-hop music throughout the day, as well as a fair amount of talk and sports-oriented programming.

WNYO also runs news segments, conducts interviews with artists, and plays syndicated NPR programs when students do not have shows. It broadcasts Oswego State Lakers sporting events live for the City of Oswego and on the internet.

State University of New York at Oswego
State University of New York at Oswego (SUNY Oswego or Oswego State) is a public university in Oswego, New York, United States. It has a total student population of 6,756 and the campus size is 700 acres (280 ha). SUNY Oswego offers more than 120 undergraduate, graduate and professional programs in four colleges: School of Business, School of Communication, Media and the Arts, School of Education, and the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences.
Koldbrann
Koldbrann is a Norwegian black metal band, formed in 2001.

Musically, Koldbrann play black metal in the classic Norwegian mould and have received favorable comparisons to bands like Darkthrone, Dødheimsgard and Gorgoroth.

Marduk (band)
Marduk (/ˈmɑːrdʊk/) is a Swedish black metal band formed in Norrköping in 1990. The band released their debut full-length album, Dark Endless, in 1992 on No Fashion Records. Their name is taken from the Ancient Babylonian deity, Marduk.
Alhambra (card game)
Alhambra is a patience or card solitaire game played using two packs of playing cards. Its unusual feature is akin to that of Crazy Quilt: the cards in the reserve are built either on the foundations or onto a waste pile.

Solitaire
Solitaire, patience, or card solitaire refer to a genre of card games whose common feature is that the aim is to arrange the cards in some systematic order or, in a few cases, to pair them off in order to discard them. Most are intended for play by a single player, but there are varieties for two or more players.
Jelenino, Drawsko County
Jelenino [jɛlɛˈninɔ] (formerly German Annaberg) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ostrowice, within Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-west of Ostrowice, 17 km (11 mi) north-east of Drawsko Pomorskie, and 95 km (59 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has an approximate population of 170.

Ostrowice
Ostrowice [ɔstrɔˈvit͡sɛ] (formerly German Wusterwitz) is a village in Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Until January 1, 2019, it was the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Ostrowice that was created after the Second World War but divided on January 1, 2019, between the administrative districts of Zlocieniec and Drawsko Pomorskie because of high debts. It lies approximately 17 km (11 mi) north-east of Drawsko Pomorskie and 96 km (60 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 540.
RQOPS
Reliable Quantum Operations Per Second (rQOPS) is a metric that measures the capabilities and error rates of a quantum computer. It combines several key factors to measure how many reliable operations a computer can execute in a single second: logical error rates, clock speed, and number of reliable qubits.

The quantities included in rQOPS can be measured in all quantum computer architectures, allowing different architectures to be compared with one standard metric. A larger rQOPS measurement indicates a faster and more accurate device capable of solving more complex problems.

Microsoft suggest that a machine with 1 million rQOPS qualifies as a quantum supercomputer.

Alternative benchmarks include quantum volume, cross-entropy benchmarking, Circuit Layer Operations Per Second (CLOPS) proposed by IBM and IonQ's Algorithmic Qubits. However, as opposed to considering qubit performance alone, rQOPS measures how capable a quantum system is at solving tangible problems.

Qubit
In quantum computing, a qubit (/ˈkjuːbɪt/) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information; a binary qudit – the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device. A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system, one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics. Examples include the spin of the electron in which the two levels can be taken as spin up and spin down; or the polarization of a single photon in which the two spin states (left-handed and the right-handed circular polarization) can also be measured as horizontal and vertical linear polarization. In a classical system, a bit would have to be in one state or the other. However, quantum mechanics allows the qubit to be in a coherent superposition of multiple states simultaneously, a property that is fundamental to quantum mechanics and quantum computing.
Outline of Vatican City
The following outline is provided as an overview of and introduction to Vatican City:

Vatican City – an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state, being the sovereign territory of the Holy See and ruled by the Bishop of Rome—the Pope, the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church. The territory of this landlocked sovereign city-state consists of a walled enclave within the city of Rome, Italy. It has an area of approximately 49 hectares (121 acres) and a population of about 825. This makes Vatican City the smallest independent state in the world by both area and population.

Geography of Vatican City
41°54′10″N 12°27′9″E﻿ / ﻿41.90278°N 12.45250°E﻿ / 41.90278; 12.45250

The Vatican City is unique due to the country's position as an urban, landlocked enclave of Rome, Italy. With an area of 49 hectares (120 acres; 0.49 square kilometres), and a border with Italy of 3.5 km (2.2 mi), it is the world's smallest independent state. Outside the Vatican City, thirteen buildings in Rome and Castel Gandolfo (the pope's summer residence) enjoy extraterritorial rights (one building, the Paul VI Audience Hall, straddles the border, but its Italian portion has extraterritorial rights). The country contains no major natural resources, and no known natural hazards other than those that affect Rome in general, such as earthquakes.
Marzieh Vahid-Dastjerdi
Marzieh Vahid-Dastjerdi (Persian: مرضیه وحید دستجردی; born 11 February 1959) is an Iranian university professor and former parliamentarian, who was Iran's minister of health and medical education. She was part of President Mahmoud Ahmedinejad's inner circle.

Vahid-Dastjerdi was the first female government minister in Iran since the 1979 Revolution. She is the third female government minister in Iranian history, after Farrokhroo Parsa and Mahnaz Afkhami.

Farrokhroo Parsa
Farrokhroo Parsa (Persian: فرخرو پارسا; 24 March 1922 – 8 May 1980) was an Iranian physician, educator, and parliamentarian.

She served as minister of education under Amir Abbas Hoveida and was the first female cabinet minister. Parsa was an outspoken supporter of women's rights in Iran.

During the outset of the Islamic Cultural Revolution, Parsa was executed by firing squad on 8 May 1980 in Tehran due to her feminist beliefs.
2018 FIVB Men's Volleyball World Championship qualification
The 2018 FIVB Men's Volleyball World Championship featured 24 teams. Three places were allocated to the hosts, Italy and Bulgaria and the titleholder, Poland. The remaining 21 places were determined by a qualification process, in which entrants from among the other teams from the five FIVB confederations competed.

Serbia men's national volleyball team
The Serbia men's national volleyball team represents Serbia in international men's volleyball. FIVB and the CEV consider Serbia the inheritor of the records of SFR Yugoslavia (1948–1991) and Serbia and Montenegro (1992–2006). Serbia won gold at the Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia and bronze at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.

The Yugoslav Olympic Committee declared the national volleyball team to be the best male team of the year in 2000, and the Olympic Committee of Serbia did the same in 2010 and 2013.
It's About Time (Kenny Loggins album)
It's About Time is the twelfth studio album released by American singer-songwriter Kenny Loggins. Released in 2003, it was his first non-Christmas, non-children's album since 1997's The Unimaginable Life as well as his first following termination from Columbia Records while working on the album. Besides Loggins, several other noteworthy musicians co-wrote and performed on the album. These include frequent Loggins cohort Michael McDonald, as well as fellow soft-rocker Richard Marx and country singer Clint Black.

The Unimaginable Life
The Unimaginable Life is the ninth studio album by American singer-songwriter Kenny Loggins, released on July 8, 1997, to coincide with his book of the same name that he co-wrote with his second wife, Julia. The liner notes include excerpts from the book.
Bert (comics)
Bert is a Belgian comic strip, written and drawn by Kamagurka, which appeared exclusively in the Flemish magazine HUMO since 1977. The cartoons have also been published in the Dutch magazine Vrij Nederland, the French magazine Charlie Hebdo and the US magazine RAW. The series' protagonist, Bert, is Kamagurka's most recognizable character.

Raw (comics magazine)
Raw was a comics anthology edited by Art Spiegelman and Françoise Mouly and published in the United States by Mouly from 1980 to 1991. It was a flagship publication of the 1980s alternative comics movement, serving as a more intellectual counterpoint to Robert Crumb's visceral Weirdo, which followed squarely in the underground tradition of Zap and Arcade. Along with the more genre-oriented Heavy Metal, it was also one of the main venues for European comics in the United States in its day.
Gambierol
Gambierol is a marine polycyclic ether toxin which is produced by the dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus. Gambierol is collected from the sea at the Rangiroa Peninsula in French Polynesia. The toxins are accumulated in fish through the food chain and can therefore cause human intoxication. The symptoms of the toxicity resemble those of ciguatoxins, which are extremely potent neurotoxins that bind to voltage-sensitive sodium channels and alter their function. These ciguatoxins cause ciguatera fish poisoning. Because of the resemblance, there is a possibility that gambierol is also responsible for ciguatera fish poisoning. Because the natural source of gambierol is limited, biological studies are hampered. Therefore, chemical synthesis is required.

Calcium signaling
Calcium signaling is the use of calcium ions (Ca2+) to communicate and drive intracellular processes, often as a step in signal transduction. Ca2+ is important for a wide variety of cellular signaling pathways. Once Ca2+ enters the cytosol of the cytoplasm it exerts allosteric regulatory effects on many enzymes and proteins. Ca2+ signaling can activate certain ion channels for short term changes (like changes to electrochemical gradients) in the cell. For longer-term changes (like changes in gene transcription), Ca2+ can act as a second messenger through indirect signal transduction pathways, such as in G protein-coupled receptor pathways.
A86 road
The A86 is a major road in Scotland. It runs from the Great Glen at Spean Bridge to Kingussie and the Cairngorms National Park via Loch Laggan. It is a primary route for its entire length.

The road was built as a parliamentary road by Thomas Telford in 1817 to link Kingussie to Fort William.

The road has a poor safety record, and has been assessed as medium to high risk of a serious or fatal accident by EuroRAP.

Kingussie
Kingussie (/kɪŋˈjuːsi/ ⓘ king-YOO-see; Scottish Gaelic: Ceann a' Ghiùthsaich pronounced [ˈkʲʰaun̪ˠə ˈʝuːs̪ɪç]) is a small town in the Badenoch and Strathspey ward of the Highland council area of Scotland. Historically in Inverness-shire, it lies beside the A9 road, although the old route of the A9 serves as the town's main street which has been bypassed since 1979. Kingussie is 42 miles (68 kilometres) south of Inverness, 12 mi (19 km) south of Aviemore, and 3 mi (5 km) north of Newtonmore.
Kiuchi Brewery
Kiuchi Brewery (木内酒造) is a brewery in Naka, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. It was established in 1823 by village headman Kiuchi Gihei as a sake and shochu producer.

Craft beer production began in 1996 after a change in Japanese law governing micro brewing. A number of Kiuchi's products seek to combine European beer-making technology with traditional Japanese brewing techniques; for example, its XH Hitachino Nest Beer is matured in shochu casks.

Wheat beer
Wheat beer is a top-fermented beer which is brewed with a large proportion of wheat relative to the amount of malted barley. The two main varieties are German Weizenbier and Belgian witbier; other types include Lambic (made with wild yeast), Berliner Weisse (a cloudy, sour beer), and Gose (a sour, salty beer).
Nikki Bedi
Nikki Bedi (/ˈbeɪdi/ BAY-dee; née Moolgaoker; 9 September 1966) is a British television and radio presenter, born to an Indian father of Maharashtrian origin and an English mother. She was married to food stylist Sunil Vijayakar before her second marriage to Kabir Bedi from 1992 to 2005; she retained her married name after their divorce. She describes herself as "Indo-Anglian".

She writes and presents The Arts Hour and The Arts Hour on Tour for the BBC World Service, and co-hosted BBC Radio 4's Saturday Live.

BBC Radio London
BBC Radio London is the BBC's local radio station serving Greater London.

It broadcasts on FM, DAB, digital TV and via BBC Sounds from studios at Broadcasting House in Langham Place, London.

According to RAJAR, the station has a weekly audience of 548,000 listeners and a 0.9% share as of December 2023.
Trabant X03
The Trabant X03 was a prototype car developed in the late 1980s as a potential successor to the Trabant 601, which had been in production since 1963. This initiative emerged from a collaboration between East Germany's IFA-Kombinat and West Germany's Volkswagen AG, aiming to modernize the Trabant lineup by incorporating contemporary design and technology.

Trabant 601
The Trabant 601 (or Trabant P601 series) is a Trabant model produced by VEB Sachsenring in Zwickau, Saxony. It was the third generation of the model, built for the longest production time, from 1964 to 1990. As a result, it is the best-known Trabant model and often referred to simply as the "Trabant" or "Trabi". During this long production run, 2,818,547 Trabant 601 units were produced overall, and it was the most common vehicle in East Germany.
Fighting Spirit Unleashed (2023)
Fighting Spirit Unleashed (2023) was a professional wrestling event promoted by New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). It took place at the Sam's Town Live venue in Las Vegas, Nevada on October 28, 2023. It was the sixth event held under the Fighting Spirit Unleashed name. Besides wrestlers from NJPW, the show featured talent from Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL).

Strong Women's Championship
The Strong Women's Championship (Japanese: STRONG女子王座, Hepburn: STRONG Joshi Ōza) is a women's professional wrestling championship owned by the New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) promotion. The creation of the championship was announced by NJPW on April 27, 2023. The title is exclusively featured on NJPW's  Strong brand and is usually defended at NJPW Strong branded shows in America. The inaugural champion was Willow Nightingale. Syuri is the reigning champion in her first reign. She won the title by defeating Saya Kamitani in a Winner Takes All match, in which Syuri's IWGP Women's Championship was also on the line, at Wrestle Kingdom 20 in Tokyo, Japan on January 4, 2026.
Chris Perrins
Christopher Miles Perrins, LVO FRS (born 11 May 1935) is Emeritus Fellow of the Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology at the University of Oxford, Emeritus Fellow at Wolfson College, Oxford and His Majesty's Warden of the Swans since 1993.

Avian clutch size
Clutch size refers to the number of eggs laid in a single brood by a nesting pair of birds. The numbers laid by a particular species in a given location are usually well defined by evolutionary trade-offs with many factors involved, including resource availability and energetic constraints. Several patterns of variation have been noted and the relationship between latitude and clutch size has been a topic of interest in avian reproduction and evolution. David Lack and R.E. Moreau were among the first to investigate the effect of latitude on the number of eggs per nest. Since Lack's first paper in the mid-1940s there has been extensive research on the pattern of increasing clutch size with increasing latitude. The proximate and ultimate causes for this pattern have been a subject of intense debate involving the development of ideas on group, individual, and gene-centric views of selection.
PBA season 48 draft
The PBA season 48 draft was the 38th edition of the PBA draft. It was held at Market! Market! in Taguig on September 17, 2023. It was an event that allowed teams to take turns selecting amateur basketball players and other eligible players, including half-Filipino foreign players. The league determined the drafting order based on the performance of the member teams from the 2022–23 season, with the worst team, the Terrafirma Dyip, picking first. For the first time since 2010, the draft was held at Market! Market!.

2010 PBA draft
The 2010 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) rookie draft was an event held at Market! Market! in Taguig on August 29, 2010 that allowed PBA teams to draft players from the amateur ranks. Players who applied for the draft went through a rookie camp that lasted a week. The San Miguel Beermen were the only team that did not have a single pick in the draft.
Reverberation (record label)
Reverberation is  an Australian independent record label distributor. It helps distribute records from independent overseas records labels such as Alternative Tentacles and Eyeball Records, and also for small record labels such as Love Police Records and their own label Reverberation.

Reverberation was started in 2003 by Russell Hopkinson (You Am I) and Ian Underwood (The Kryptonics).

Alternative Tentacles
Alternative Tentacles is an independent record label established in 1979 by Dead Kennedys vocalist Jello Biafra and guitarist East Bay Ray in San Francisco, California, with the intention to release the Dead Kennedys' self-produced single "California Über Alles".  After realizing the potential for an independent label, they released records for other bands as well. They would go on to release albums by artists such as Dead Kennedys, NoMeansNo, D.O.A., Alice Donut, Lard, the Dicks, Butthole Surfers, 7 Seconds, Neurosis, Wesley Willis, Half Japanese, Blowfly, Subhumans (Canada), the Crucifucks, Victims Family, Pansy Division, Zolar X, Culture Shock, World/Inferno Friendship Society, Itchy-O, ArnoCorps, the Darts, Tsunami Bomb, and many more.
In the mid-1980s Jello Biafra became the sole owner of Alternative Tentacles.