hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Regius Professor of Engineering (Edinburgh)
The Regius Chair of Engineering is a royal professorship in engineering, established since 1868 in the University of Edinburgh, Scotland. The chair is attached to the University's College of Science and Engineering, based in the King's Buildings in Edinburgh. Appointment to the Regius Chair is by Royal Warrant from the British monarch, on the recommendation of Scotland's First Minister.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) is one of the most prestigious awards conferred by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in the United Kingdom. Existing Fellows include award winning scientists and Nobel prize winners.
Ole Kristian Grimnes
Ole Kristian Grimnes (born 4 January 1937, in Tromsø) is a Norwegian historian.

He was a professor in modern history at the University of Oslo, and is currently professor emeritus at the same university.

In particular he has worked with the periods 1890–1905 and 1940–1945 in Norwegian history.

He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.

Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (Norwegian: Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi, DNVA) is a learned society based in Oslo, Norway. Its purpose is to support the advancement of science and scholarship in Norway.
Urbano Santos da Costa Araújo
Urbano Santos da Costa Araújo (February 3, 1859 – May 7, 1922) was a Brazilian politician who was the vice president of Brazil from November 15, 1914, to November 15, 1918, under Venceslau Brás. As the vice president of Brazil, he also served as the president of the Senate.

President of the Federal Senate (Brazil)
The President of the Federal Senate (Portuguese: Presidente do Senado Federal), sometimes referred to as the President of the Senate (Portuguese: Presidente do Senado), is the presiding officer of the Federal Senate of Brazil.

In addition to chairing the chamber's debates and ordering its business, the President of the Federal Senate stands third in the order of presidential succession, after the Vice President of the Republic and the President of the Chamber of Deputies, but before the President of the Supreme Federal Court. The Federal Senate president is also a member of the Council of the Republic, and presides over joint sessions of the Legislative branch, in his capacity as ex officio President of the National Congress. Until 25 August 1961, this position was held ex officio by the Vice President of the Republic.

The current President of the Federal Senate is Davi Alcolumbre, of Brazil Union, elected on 1 February 2025.
Stigmatomma pluto
Stigmatomma pluto is a species of ant in the subfamily Amblyoponinae.
The species was first described as Amblyopone pluto by Gotwald and Levieux in 1972 and moved to the genus Stigmatomma in 2012.

Stigmatomma pluto is endemic to the unburned savannas of central Ivory Coast.

Stigmatomma
Stigmatomma is a genus of ants in the subfamily Amblyoponinae. The genus has a worldwide distribution, and like most other amblyoponines, Stigmatomma species are specialized predators. First described by Roger (1859), it was for a long time considered to be a synonym of Amblyopone until it was revived as an independent genus by Yoshimura & Fisher (2012) based on worker mandible morphology.
Jonathan Clements
Jonathan Michael Clements (born 9 July 1971) is a British author and scriptwriter. His non-fiction works include biographies of Confucius, Koxinga and Qin Shi Huang, as well as monthly opinion columns for Neo magazine. He is also the co-author of encyclopedias of anime and Japanese television dramas.

Doctor Who Unbound
Doctor Who Unbound is a series of audio plays produced by Big Finish Productions.  Free from the constraints of continuity, the Doctor Who Unbound audios present a series of "What if...?" scenarios, and cast new actors in the role of the Doctor.
Ahmadiyya in Kyrgyzstan
Ahmadiyya is an Islamic community in Kyrgyzstan, whose teachings were first brought into the country by foreign Pakistani missionaries in the early 1990s. Although the Community was first registered in the country in 2002, its registration was struck off with the country's State Commission on Religious Affairs refusing to re-register it in 2011. Today, the Community which faces religious persecution,  represents up to 1000 members spread across the capital Bishkek and three other regions of the country.

Osh Region
Osh is a region of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Osh, which is not part of the region. It is bounded (clockwise) by Jalal-Abad Region, Naryn Region, China (Xinjiang), Tajikistan (Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction and Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region), Batken Region, and Uzbekistan (Andijan and Fergana Regions). Its total area is 28,934 km2 (11,171 sq mi). The resident population of the region was 1,391,649 as of January 2021. According to the 2009 census, 28% of the total population are ethnic Uzbeks.
Naval Air Station Wildwood
Naval Air Station Wildwood was a United States Navy airport located in Lower Township, Cape May County, New Jersey, United States, about 4 miles (6.4 km) northwest of the central business district of Wildwood, a city in the same county. Former Hangar #1 now contains the Naval Air Station Wildwood Aviation Museum, whose collection focuses on World War II.

Lower Township, New Jersey
Lower Township is a township in Cape May County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township, and all of Cape May County, is part of the Ocean City metropolitan statistical area, and is part of the Philadelphia-Wilmington-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD combined statistical area, also known as the Delaware Valley or Philadelphia metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 22,057, a decrease of 809 (−3.5%) from the 2010 census count of 22,866, which in turn reflected a decrease of 79 (−0.3%) from the 22,945 counted in the 2000 census.

New Jersey Monthly magazine ranked Lower Township as its 34th best place to live in its 2008 rankings of the "Best Places To Live" in New Jersey. The township is part of the state's South Jersey region and the larger Delaware Valley or Philadelphia metropolitan area.
2018 Ecuador Open Quito – Doubles
James Cerretani and Philipp Oswald were the defending champions, but Cerretani chose to compete in Sofia instead. Oswald played alongside Treat Huey, but lost in the first round to Alessandro Motti and Stefano Travaglia.

Nicolás Jarry and Hans Podlipnik-Castillo won the title, defeating Austin Krajicek and Jackson Withrow in the final, 7–6(8–6), 6–3.

2018 Diema Xtra Sofia Open – Doubles
Viktor Troicki and Nenad Zimonjić were the defending champions, but lost in the first round to Robin Haase and Matwé Middelkoop.

Haase and Middelkoop went on to win the title, defeating Nikola Mektić and Alexander Peya in the final, 5–7, 6–4, [10–4].
Devil's Dykes
The Devil's Dykes (Hungarian: Ördög árok), also known as the Csörsz árka ("Csörsz Ditch") or the Limes Sarmatiae (Latin for "Sarmatian border"), are several lines of Roman fortifications built mostly during the reign of Constantine the Great (306–337), stretching between today's Hungary, Romania and Serbia.

Limes (Roman Empire)
Limes (Latin; sg., pl.: limites) is a term used primarily for the Germanic border defence or delimiting system of ancient Rome marking the borders of the Roman Empire. The term has been extended in modern times to refer to the frontier defences in other parts of the empire, such as in the east and in Africa.
Gyroelongated pyramid
In geometry, the gyroelongated pyramids (also called augmented antiprisms) are an infinite set of polyhedra, constructed by adjoining an n-gonal pyramid to an n-gonal antiprism.

There are two gyroelongated pyramids that are Johnson solids made from regular triangles, square, and pentagons. A triangular and hexagonal form can be constructed with coplanar faces. Others can be constructed allowing for isosceles triangles.

Pyramid (geometry)
A pyramid is a polyhedron (a geometric figure) formed by connecting a polygonal base and a point, called the apex. Each base edge and apex form a triangle, called a lateral face. A pyramid is a conic solid with a polygonal base. Many types of pyramids can be found by determining the shape of bases, either by based on a regular polygon (regular pyramids) or by cutting off the apex (truncated pyramid). It can be generalized into higher dimensions, known as hyperpyramid. All pyramids are self-dual.
Ames City Hall
The Ames City Hall is the official seat of government for the city of Ames, Iowa, United States.  The building was originally built for Ames High School.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Ames High School
Ames High School is the sole public high school in Ames, Iowa, United States. It is in the Ames Community School District.

Residents of the United Community School District, which covers Luther, a small section of Boone, and other areas, may select the Ames district for secondary schooling.
Pierre de Murat de Cros
Pierre de Murat de Cros, O.S.B., (c. 1320 – 1388) was a French monk of aristocratic origins who became a  cardinal of the Avignon Obedience during the Great Schism, as well as the Archbishop of Arles and the Chamberlain of the Apostolic Camera (Latin: Camerarius Apostolicus). Refusing from the day of his election to support Bartolomeo Prignano (Pope Urban VI, the former head of the rival Apostolic Chancellery) after the Papal Conclave of 1378, de Cros played a critical role in delivering a considerable portion of the Roman Curia to the rival claimant Robert of Geneva, who took the name Clement VII. Historian Daniel Williman calls Murat de Cros's actions a "counter-coup".

1378 conclave
The 1378 papal conclave, held from 7–9 April 1378, was the papal conclave which was the immediate cause of the Western Schism in the Catholic Church. The conclave was one of the shortest in the history of the Catholic Church. The conclave was also the first held in the Vatican and in Old St. Peter's Basilica since 1159 (the elections and conclaves in Rome prior to the Avignon Papacy having been held mostly in the Basilica of St. John Lateran).

Pope Gregory XI died on 26 March 1378, in Rome, having returned from Avignon to pursue his territorial interests in the Papal States during the War of the Eight Saints. Although the French cardinals constituted a majority of the College of Cardinals due to the preceding Avignon Papacy, they succumbed to the will of the Roman mob, which demanded the election of an Italian pontiff. They elected Bishop Bartolommeo Prignano, who took the name Pope Urban VI. This is the most recent time a non-cardinal has been elected pope.
.308 Marlin Express
The .308 Marlin Express is a cartridge developed in 2007 by Marlin Firearms and Hornady.  It is based on the .307 Winchester with a goal to duplicate .308 Winchester performance. The cartridge uses a slightly shorter, semi-rimmed case similar to that of the .220 Swift to function in lever-action rifles.  As introduced in Hornady's LEVERevolution line of cartridges, it is the highest velocity production cartridge designed for lever action rifles with tubular magazines. It is chambered in Marlin's Model 308MX and 308MXLR rifles using the Marlin Model 336 action.

.220 Swift
The .220 Swift (5.56×56mmSR) is a semi-rimmed rifle cartridge developed by Winchester and introduced in 1935 for small game and varmint hunting.  It was the first factory-loaded rifle cartridge with a muzzle velocity of over 1,200 m/s (4,000 ft/s).
El Dorado mine
El Dorado is an open-pit iron mine near the city of Ovalle in north-central Chile, located 98 km southeast from the port of Coquimbo. A 1946 economic geology study by Carlos Ruiz Fuller and co-workers estimated the ore grade in El Dorado at 68% Fe, one of the highest in the Chilean Iron Belt. The mine had its main period of activity from 1952 to 1966 under the ownership of Compañía Minera Santa Fe but mining continued sporadically until 1971. The opening and successful operation of the mine in the 1950s –producing 45,000 tons of ore per month for much of that decade– is considered to have paved the way for the rise of the medium-scale iron mining in Chile in the 1960s and 1970s.

In the 2020s the mine have been operated and owned by Sociedad de Inversiones Tierra del Fuego Limitada with permits limited to extracting material from old waste rock dumps. In connection to this activity the mining company has been accused to engage in non-authorized mining of fresh ore.

Open-pit mining
Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, is a surface mining technique that extracts rock or minerals from the earth.

Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface where the overburden is relatively thin. In contrast, deeper mineral deposits can be reached using underground mining.

This form of mining carries several risks to the health and safety of miners, and can have a significant negative impact on the environment.
Mighty Sparrow
Slinger Francisco ORTT CM OBE (born 9 July 1935), better known as Mighty Sparrow, is a Grenadian born, Trinidadian calypso vocalist, songwriter, and guitarist.  Known as the "Calypso King of the World", he is one of the best-known and most successful calypsonians. He has won Trinidad's Carnival Road March competition eight times, Calypso King/Monarch eight times, and has twice won the Calypso King of Kings title.

Trojan Records
Trojan Records is a British record label founded by Jamaican Duke Reid, Lee Gopthal and Chris Blackwell in 1968. It specialises in ska, rocksteady, reggae and dub music. The label currently operates under the Sanctuary Records Group. The name Trojan comes from the Croydon-built Trojan truck that was used as Duke Reid's sound system in Jamaica. The truck had "Duke Reid - The Trojan King of Sounds" painted on the sides, and the music played by Reid became known as the Trojan Sound.

The label had almost 30 hit singles in the UK singles chart between 1969 and 1976.
Kalochori, Kastoria
Kalochori (Greek: Καλοχώρι, before 1926: Δοβρόλιτσα – Dovrolitsa; Macedonian: Добролишта Dobrolišta; Bulgarian: Добролища Dobrolishta,  Добролишча Dobrolishcha in the Kostur dialect), is a small rural village, part of the municipal unit of Kastoria, Kastoria regional unit, Greece. Kalochori is also located 14 kilometers away from the city of Kastoria and 14 kilometers away from the village of Nestorio. It was a part of the former municipal unit of Mesopotamia. The village has an elevation of 721 meters above sea level.

Nestorio
Nestorio (Greek: Νεστόριο, Nestório; Macedonian: Нестрам and Bulgarian: Нестрам, Nestram or Нѐсрам, Nésram) is a village and a municipality in the Kastoria regional unit of Western Macedonia, Greece. Nestorio is approximately 28 km (17 mi) southwest of Kastoria, at the banks of the river Aliakmon.
Tuzla Infantry School Command
The Tuzla Infantry School Command (Turkish: Piyade Okulu Komutanlığı) is located in Tuzla district of Istanbul. A military school that trains officers, non-commissioned officers and specialist sergeants belonging to the infantry class under the Turkish Land Forces Education and Doctrine Command (EDOK). It is Turkey's first and only infantry school.

Tuzla, Istanbul
Tuzla is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. It has a population of 288,878 (2022) and a land area of 138 km2 . It is on the Asian side of the city next to the municipality of Pendik. Tuzla is on a headland on the coast of Marmara Sea, at the eastern limit of the city. The mayor is Eren Ali Bingöl (CHP).
Bundesautobahn 252
Bundesautobahn 252 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 252, short form Autobahn 252, abbreviated as BAB 252 or A 252) is a planned short motorway in Hamburg in northern Germany.

The A 252 is called Hafenquerspange (port link road) and planned to connect the A 1 and A 7. It is planned to be finished in 2013. Following the rerouting of Wilhelm Reichsstraße, the A252 was downgraded to B 75 on 6 October 2019.

Bundesstraße 75
The Bundesstraße 75 (or B 75) is a German federal highway running in a northeast to southwest direction from the Lübeck borough of Travemünde to Delmenhorst near Bremen.

The highway goes through the Herren Tunnel under the Trave river just shy of its northeastern terminus. It formerly crossed a drawbridge that the tunnel replaced.
Shamu (Meitei culture)
In Meitei civilization, elephants, known as Shamu or Samu in Meitei language, play important roles, in different aspects of the cultural heritage of the Meitei people (also known as Manipuris) in Manipur, and other Meitei populated places in Assam, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Tripura, among others.

Elephants are often treated as royal animals, besides horses. In Meitei language and literature, elephants and horses are collectively known as yaisa or langgoi.

Meitei culture
The culture of Meitei civilization evolved over thousands of years in what is now northeastern India and surrounding regions, beginning in Ancient Kangleipak, continuing most notably into Medieval Kangleipak, while influencing the neighboring states and kingdoms, till present times.
Son en Breugel
Son en Breugel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsɔn ɛm ˈbrøːɣəl] ⓘ) is a municipality in the southern Netherlands just outside Eindhoven. The municipality covers an area of 26.51 km2 (10.24 sq mi) of which 0.56 km2 (0.22 sq mi) is water. It had a population of 17,552 in 2021. Son en Breugel used to be two different villages: 'Son' and 'Breugel', with the stream of the Dommel separating the two villages. Son en Breugel also borders the following larger municipalities: Eindhoven, Meierijstad, Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten, and Best.
The spoken language is North Meierijs (an East Brabantian dialect, which is very similar to colloquial Dutch).

Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten
Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten (pronounced [ˈnynə(ŋ) ˈɣɛrʋən ɛ ˌneːdərˈʋɛtə(n)] ⓘ, or [-ʋə ʔɛ -]) is a municipality consisting of the larger village of Nuenen and two adjacent smaller ones. It is located in the province of North Brabant, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of Eindhoven, the fifth largest city in the Netherlands. From being a small farmers town of less than 1000 inhabitants around 1950 Nuenen grew steadily as ever more new employees of Philips and the Eindhoven University (TUE) chose Nuenen as their new home.
Albert Lee Ueltschi
Albert Lee Ueltschi (May 15, 1917 – October 18, 2012) is considered the father of modern flight training and was the founder of FlightSafety International. Ueltschi was once personal pilot to Juan Trippe and an associate to Charles Lindbergh. On July 21, 2001, he was enshrined at Dayton, Ohio in the National Aviation Hall of Fame, along with test pilot Joe Engle, United States Marine Corps flying ace Marion Carl, and USAF ace Robin Olds. In 2013, Flying magazine ranked Ueltschi number 13 on its list of the "51 Heroes of Aviation".

National Aviation Hall of Fame
The National Aviation Hall of Fame (NAHF) is a museum, annual awards ceremony and learning and research center that was founded in 1962 as an Ohio non-profit corporation in Dayton, Ohio, United States, known as the "Birthplace of Aviation" with its connection to the Wright brothers. In 2017, the annual induction was held in Fort Worth, Texas, as the organization began rotating the ceremony among various cities.
Levanger (town)
Levangerⓘ (Norwegian) or Levangke. (Southern Sami) is a town and the administrative center of Levanger Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The university town is located along the eastern shore of the Trondheimsfjorden, at the mouth of the river Levangselva. The town is located about half-way between the towns of Steinkjer and Stjørdalshalsen. Prior to 1962, Levanger Municipality was coterminous with the town of Levanger and its immediate vicinity, but since 1962, the town has just been once small area within a much larger municipality. The town houses a campus of the Nord University.

The 5.32-square-kilometre (1,310-acre) town has a population (2024) of 10,813 and a population density of 2,033 inhabitants per square kilometre (5,270/sq mi).

Kjøpstad
A kjøpstad (historically kjøbstad, kjöbstad, or kaupstad, from Old Norse: kaupstaðr) is an old Scandinavian term for a "market town" in Denmark–Norway for several hundred years. Kjøpstads were places of trade and exporting materials (e.g. timber, flour, iron and other common goods). Towns were given the "dignity" or rank of being referred to as a kjøpstad when they reached a certain population. They had an established means of industry and other notable items, such as dockyards, steam mills, forges, churches, and grammar schools. The citizens of a kjøpstad could buy and sell goods and conduct other economic activities.
Royal Stables (Denmark)
The Royal Stables (Danish: De Kongelige Stalde) is the mews (i.e., combined stables and carriage house) of the Danish monarchy which provides the ceremonial transport for the Danish royal family during state events and festive occasions. The Royal Stables are located at Christiansborg Palace on the island of Slotsholmen in central Copenhagen, Denmark. In 1789, the number of horses reached a peak with 270 horses stabled. Nowadays, there are about 20 horses in the Royal Stables.

The Royal Stables are regularly open to the public and include a small museum. The state coaches and other carriages are kept there, along with about 20 horses.

Mews
A mews is a row or courtyard of stables and carriage houses with living quarters above them, built behind large city houses before motor vehicles replaced horses in the early twentieth century. Mews are usually located in desirable residential areas, having been built to cater for the horses, coachmen and stable-servants of prosperous residents.

The word mews comes from the Royal Mews in London, England, a set of royal stables built 500 years ago on a former royal hawk mews. The term is now commonly used in English-speaking countries for city housing of a similar design.

After the Second World War, mews were replaced by alleys and the carriage houses by garages for automobiles.
The Courage to Be Ourselves
The Courage to Be Ourselves is a Christmas 1970 pastoral letter of Melkite Catholic Archbishop Joseph Tawil of the Eparchy of Newton. The address defines the raison d'être for the existence of diasporate Eastern Catholic Churches and their traditions.

Tawil was assigned archbishop of the Meklite Greek Catholic Church in the United States in 1969. Latin practices, particularly the liturgical latinisation of Eastern Catholic liturgies, had led many Melkite Catholics to abandon their religion. Tawil wrote the pastoral letter to address these concerns.

Melkite Greek Catholic Eparchy of Newton
Melkite Greek Catholic Eparchy of Newton (Latin: Eparchia Neotoniensis Graecorum Melkitarum) is a Melkite Greek Catholic Church ecclesiastical territory of the Catholic Church. The eparchy is named for Newton, Massachusetts, and encompasses the entire United States.  There are currently about fifty Melkite parishes, missions, and "outreaches" in about two dozen states.