hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al-Hebbariyah
Al-Hebbariyah, Hebbariyeh, Hebbariya or Hebariya  (Arabic: الهبّارية)  is a municipality situated in the Hasbaya District of the Nabatieh Governorate in Lebanon. It is located on the southwestern slopes of Mount Hermon near the Lebanon–Syria border, northeast of Rachaya Al Foukhar and is positioned amongst orchards of apricot trees. There it is a roman temple.

The village sits c. 750 metres (2,460 ft) above sea level and the small population is predominantly support the Lebanese Communist party

Rashaya al-Foukhar
Rashaya al-Foukhar, (Arabic: راشيا الفخار) is a municipality in the district of Hasbaya in the Nabatiye Governorate in southern Lebanon. It is located on the western slopes of Mount Hermon at an altitude starting at 750 m with the highest summit being at 1,250 m. The population is Greek Orthodox.
Commemoration of Tadeusz Kościuszko
Tadeusz Kościuszko is one of the most honored people in Polish history, in terms of places and events named in his honor.

As a national hero of Poland, Lithuania, Belarus, and the United States, Kościuszko has given his name to many places and monuments around the world.

ORP Generał Tadeusz Kościuszko
ORP Generał Tadeusz Kościuszko, formerly USS Wadsworth (FFG-9), is one of two Oliver Hazard Perry-class guided-missile frigates in the Polish Navy. She is the 2nd "short-hull" ship to be built and 3rd overall.

She is named after Tadeusz Kościuszko, an American Revolutionary War hero as well as a hero of Poland's struggle for independence. In US Navy service she was named after Commodore Alexander S. Wadsworth.

Originally commissioned in 1980, she served in the US Navy until 2002, when she was decommissioned and immediately turned over to the Polish Navy.

Generał Tadeusz Kościuszko has participated in numerous NATO exercises in the Baltic Sea.
Bifurca
Bifurca is a monotypic moth genus in the subfamily Lymantriinae. Its only species, Bifurca longinasus, is found in Vietnam. Both the genus and the species were first described by Joseph de Joannis in 1929.

Lymantriinae
The Lymantriinae (formerly called the Lymantriidae) are a subfamily of moths of the family Erebidae. The taxon was erected by George Hampson in 1893.

Many of its component species are referred to as "tussock moths" of one sort or another. The caterpillar, or larval, stage of these species often has a distinctive appearance of alternating bristles and haired projections. Many tussock moth caterpillars have urticating hairs (often hidden among longer, softer hairs), which can cause painful reactions if they come into contact with skin.

The subfamily Lymantriinae includes about 350 known genera and over 2,500 known species found in every continent except Antarctica. They are particularly concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and South America. One estimate lists 258 species in Madagascar alone. Apart from oceanic islands, notable places that do not host lymantriines include the Antilles and New Caledonia.
13th federal electoral district of Guanajuato
The 13th federal electoral district of Guanajuato (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 13 de Guanajuato) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 15 such districts in the state of Guanajuato.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the second region.

Suspended in 1930,
Guanajuato's 13th was re-established as part of the 1977 political reforms. The restored district returned its first deputy in the 1979 mid-term election.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Lucero Higareda Segura of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).

Electoral regions of Mexico
The electoral regions (Spanish: circunscripciones electorales) of Mexico are geographic areas composed of various states used for the election of the 200 proportional representation legislators to the Chamber of Deputies.

The country is split into five separate regions. Each of the five regions elects 40 deputies, who are selected according to party lists in the regions. To distinguish them from those elected in the 300 single-member constituencies, they are often referred to as 
"plurinominal deputies".

In contrast, the 32 senators-at-large elected to the Senate by the principle of proportional representation are drawn from party lists covering the entire country; the electoral regions therefore play no role in Senate elections.
1986–87 North Carolina A&T Aggies men's basketball team
The 1986–87 North Carolina A&T Aggies men's basketball team represented North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University during the 1986–87 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Aggies, led by 8th-year head coach Don Corbett, played their home games at the Corbett Sports Center as members of the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference. They finished the season 24–6, 12–2 in MEAC play to finish in first place. They were champions of the MEAC tournament, winning the championship game over Howard, to earn an automatic bid to the 1987 NCAA tournament where they were defeated by No. 2 seed Alabama, 88–71, in the opening round.

1987 MEAC men's basketball tournament
The 1987 Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament took place March 5–7, 1987, at Greensboro Coliseum in Greensboro, North Carolina. North Carolina A&T defeated Howard, 79–58 in the championship game, to win its sixth consecutive MEAC Tournament title – all against Howard in the championship game.

The Aggies earned an automatic bid to the 1987 NCAA tournament as a No. 15 seed in the Southeast region.
November 2005 Bangladesh court bombing
The November 2005 Bangladesh court bombing was a simultaneous suicide bombing of courts in Chittagong and Gazipur in Bangladesh carried out by Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh on 29 November 2005 that killed 8 people and injured over 100.

Gazipur
Gazipur (Bengali: গাজীপুর) is a city in central Bangladesh. Located in Gazipur District in Dhaka Division, it is a major industrial city 25 km (16 mi) north of Dhaka. It is a hub for the textile industry in Bangladesh, with 75% of all garment industries situated there. It is also part of Greater Dhaka.

Since 2013, Gazipur has been governed by the Gazipur City Corporation, making it one of eleven cities of Bangladesh that are administered by a city corporation.
1993 Ivy League Baseball Championship Series
The 1993 Ivy League Baseball Championship Series was a postseason baseball tournament for the Ivy League in the 1993 NCAA Division I baseball season. The inaugural Baseball Championship Series took place on May 8, 1993 and was held at Palmer Field in Middletown, Connecticut.  It was the first season that the Ivy League sponsored baseball after Army and Navy departed the Eastern Intercollegiate Baseball League. The series matched the regular season champions of each of the league's two divisions.  Yale, the winner of the series, claimed their first title and the Ivy League's automatic berth in the 1993 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

1993 NCAA Division I baseball tournament
The 1993 NCAA Division I baseball tournament was played at the end of the 1993 NCAA Division I baseball season to determine the national champion of college baseball.  The tournament concluded with eight teams competing in the College World Series, a double-elimination tournament in its forty seventh year.  Eight regional competitions were held to determine the participants in the final event.  Each region was composed of six teams, resulting in 48 teams participating in the tournament at the conclusion of their regular season, and in some cases, after a conference tournament.  The forty-seventh tournament's champion was LSU, coached by Skip Bertman.  The Most Outstanding Player was Todd Walker of LSU.
Vinay Mittal
Vinay Mittal (born 20 June 1953) is an Indian Civil servant who worked for the Indian Railway Traffic Service. He served as Chairman of the Union Public Service Commission from January 2018 to June 2018 and Chairman of Railway Board from July 2011 to June 2013.

Ministry of Railways (India)
The Ministry of Railways is a ministry in the Government of India, responsible for the country's rail transport. The Indian Railways is the rail network operated and administered by the Railway Board constituted by the ministry. The ministry along with the Railway Board is housed inside Rail Bhawan in New Delhi. It is headed by the Minister of Railways. With more than 1.2 million employees, it is one of the world's largest employers.
Kodansha USA
Kodansha USA Publishing, LLC is a publishing company based in New York, US, and a subsidiary of Japan's largest publishing company Kodansha. Established in July 1st 2008, Kodansha USA publishes books relating to Japan, Japanese culture, and manga, the latter under their Kodansha Manga imprint (formerly Kodansha Comics).

In 2020, Kodansha announced that it had consolidated Kodansha Advanced Media and Vertical into Kodansha USA Publishing, with Kodansha Advanced Media general manager Alvin Lu becoming the president and CEO of Kodansha USA Publishing.

On March 9, 2021, Kodansha USA Publishing announced it had rebranded and relaunched its website, and unified Kodansha Comics, Kodansha USA International, and Vertical under the Kodansha name, and Kodansha Comics being renamed Kodansha Manga.

Shūzō Oshimi
Shūzō Oshimi (押見 修造, Oshimi Shūzō; born 1981) is a Japanese manga artist and writer based in Tokyo who publishes works primarily for Kodansha. He made his debut with Superfly in Kodansha's Monthly Shōnen Magazine. He is best known for his manga Drifting Net Cafe (2009–2011), The Flowers of Evil (2009–2014), Happiness  (2015–2019), and Blood on the Tracks (2017–2023). His works have been adapted into many different media including television drama, anime, and live action film. In 2001, he won the Tetsuya Chiba Award.

Oshimi is particularly known to write stories to his manga that reflect his own experiences, often centered around gender, puberty or psychosexual development, and other coming-of-age themes that reflect adolescence.
Markwet language
Markwet (Markweeta) is a Kalenjin language of Kenya. The regional terms Endo and Sambirir (or the clan name Talai) have been used for northern and southern Markweta, but they are not distinct dialects. The unmarked word order is Verb–subject–object.

Nandi–Markweta languages
The Elgeyo language, or Kalenjin proper, are a dialect cluster of the Kalenjin branch of the Nilotic language family.

In Kenya, where speakers make up 18% of the population, the name Kalenjin, an Elgeyo expression meaning "I say (to you)", gained prominence in the late 1940s and early 1950s, when several Kalenjin-speaking peoples united under it. This ethnic consolidation created a major ethnic group in Kenya, and also involved a standardization of the Kenyan Kalenjin dialects. However, since outside Kenya the name Kalenjin has been extended to related languages such as Okiek of Tanzania and Elgon languages of Uganda, it is common in linguistic literature to refer to the languages of the Kenyan Kalenjin peoples as Elgeyo, after the principal variety.
Spirit (supernatural entity)
In folklore and ethnography, a spirit is an "immaterial being", "supernatural agent", the "soul of a  person", an "invisible entity", or the "soul of a seriously suffering person". Often spirits have an intermediate status between gods and humans, sharing some properties with gods (Incorporeality, greater powers) and some with humans (finite, not omniscience).

Thus, a spirit would have a form of existing and thinking; it would exist without being generally visible; often popular traditions endow it with miraculous powers and more or less occult influences on the physical world.

Elemental
An elemental is a mythic supernatural being that is described in occult and alchemical works from around the time of the European Renaissance, and particularly elaborated in the 16th century works of Paracelsus. According to Paracelsus and his subsequent followers, there are four categories of elementals, which are gnomes, undines, sylphs, and salamanders. These correspond to the four Empedoclean elements of antiquity: earth, water, air, and fire, respectively. Terms employed for beings associated with alchemical elements vary by source and gloss.
1941 Bay of Plenty by-election
The Bay of Plenty by-election of 1941 was a by-election for the electorate of Bay of Plenty held on 13 December 1941 during the 26th New Zealand Parliament. The by-election resulted from the death of the previous member Gordon Hultquist of the Labour Party who was killed in World War II.

The by-election was won by Bill Sullivan of the National Party; Labour lost a seat.

Bay of Plenty (electorate)
Bay of Plenty is a New Zealand electoral division returning one member to the New Zealand House of Representatives. The current representative is Tom Rutherford of the National Party, first elected at the 2023 election.
Dynkin index
In mathematics, the Dynkin index  of finite-dimensional highest-weight representations of a compact simple Lie algebra  relates their trace forms via

In the particular case where  is the highest root, so that  is the adjoint representation, the Dynkin index  is equal to the dual Coxeter number.

The notation  is the trace form on the representation . By Schur's lemma, since the trace forms are all invariant forms, they are related by constants, so the index is well-defined.

Since the trace forms are bilinear forms, we can take traces to obtain

where the Weyl vector

is equal to half of the sum of all the positive roots of .  The expression  is the value of the quadratic Casimir in the representation .

Weight (representation theory)
In the mathematical field of representation theory, the concept of weights of an algebra A over a field F is a generalisation of that of eigenvalues. They are algebra homomorphisms from A to F, or equivalently, one-dimensional representations of A over F. It is the algebra analogue of a multiplicative character of a group. The importance of the concept, however, stems from its application to representations of Lie algebras and hence also to representations of algebraic and Lie groups. In this context, a weight of a representation is a generalization of the notion of an eigenvalue, and the corresponding eigenspace is called a weight space.
Arteriolosclerosis
Arteriolosclerosis is a form of cardiovascular disease involving hardening and loss of elasticity of arterioles or small arteries and is most often associated with hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
Types include hyaline arteriolosclerosis and hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis, both involved with vessel wall thickening and luminal narrowing that may cause downstream ischemic injury.
The following two terms whilst similar, are distinct in both spelling and meaning and may easily be confused with arteriolosclerosis.

Arteriosclerosis is any hardening (and loss of elasticity) of medium or large arteries (from the Greek arteria, meaning artery, and sclerosis, meaning hardening)

Atherosclerosis is a hardening of an artery specifically due to an atheromatous plaque. The term atherogenic is used for substances or processes that cause atherosclerosis.

Atheroma
An atheroma, or atheromatous plaque, is an abnormal accumulation of material in the inner layer of an arterial wall.

The material consists of mostly macrophage cells, or debris, containing lipids, calcium and a variable amount of fibrous connective tissue. The accumulated material forms a swelling in the artery wall, which may intrude into the lumen of the artery, narrowing it and restricting blood flow. Atheroma is the pathological basis for the disease entity atherosclerosis, a subtype of arteriosclerosis.
Getting the wind knocked out of you
Getting the wind knocked out of you is an idiom that refers to the difficulty of breathing and temporary paralysis of the diaphragm caused by phrenospasm, the reflexive diaphragmatic spasm that occurs when sudden force is applied to the upper central region of the abdomen and the solar plexus. This often happens in contact sports, from a forceful blow to the abdomen, or by falling on the back.

The sensation of being unable to breathe can lead to anxiety and there may be residual pain from the original blow, but the condition typically clears spontaneously in a minute or two. Victims of such a "winding" episode often groan in a strained manner until normal breathing resumes. Loosening restrictive garments and flexing the hips and knees can help relieve the symptoms.

Paralysis
Paralysis (pl.: paralyses; also known as plegia) is a loss of motor function in one or more muscles. Paralysis can also be accompanied by a loss of feeling (sensory loss) in the affected area if there is sensory damage. In the United States, roughly 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed with some form of permanent or transient paralysis. The word "paralysis" derives from the Greek παράλυσις, meaning "disabling of the nerves" from παρά (para) meaning "beside, by" and λύσις (lysis) meaning "making loose". A paralysis accompanied by involuntary tremors is usually called "palsy".
Wildlife of Israel
The wildlife of Israel includes the flora and fauna of Israel, which is extremely diverse due to the country's location between the temperate and the tropical zones, bordering the Mediterranean Sea in the west and the desert in the east. Species such as the Syrian brown bear and the Arabian ostrich have become extinct in Israel because of their loss of habitat. As of May 2007, 190 nature reserves have been established in Israel.

Fire salamander
The fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra) is a common species of salamander found in Europe.

It is black with yellow spots or stripes to a varying degree; some specimens can be nearly completely black while on others the yellow is dominant. Shades of red and orange may sometimes appear, either replacing or mixing with the yellow according to subspecies. This bright coloration is highly conspicuous and acts to deter predators by honest signalling of its toxicity (aposematism). Fire salamanders can have a very long lifespan; one specimen lived for more than 50 years in Museum Koenig, a German natural history museum.

Despite its wide distribution and abundance, it is classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List due to its susceptibility to infection by the introduced fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, which has caused severe declines in fire salamanders in parts of its range.
Buddhism and the Roman world
Several instances of interaction between Buddhism and the Roman world are documented by Classical and early Christian writers. 
Textual sources in the Tamil language, moreover, suggest the presence of Buddhism among some Roman citizens in the 2nd century AD.

Charles Eliot (diplomat)
Sir Charles Norton Edgcumbe Eliot GCMG CB PC (8 January 1862 – 16 March 1931) was a British diplomat, colonial administrator and botanist. He served as Commissioner of British East Africa in 1900–1904. He was British ambassador to Japan in 1919–1925.

He was also known as a malacologist and marine biologist. He described a number of sea slug species, including Chelidonura varians.
American Toad (card game)
American Toad is a patience or card solitaire game played using two standard packs of playing cards. It is similar to Canfield except that the tableau builds down in suit, and a partial tableau stack cannot be moved, only the top card or entire stack. The object is to move all cards to the foundations.

Solitaire
Solitaire, patience, or card solitaire refer to a genre of card games whose common feature is that the aim is to arrange the cards in some systematic order or, in a few cases, to pair them off in order to discard them. Most are intended for play by a single player, but there are varieties for two or more players.
1979 NCAA Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 1979 NCAA Indoor Track and Field Championships were contested March 9−10, 1979 at Cobo Arena in Detroit, Michigan at the 15th annual NCAA-sanctioned track meet to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate indoor track and field events in the United States.

Villanova took the top spot in the team standings, finishing just 1 point ahead of defending champions and perennial track power UTEP. The Wildcats claimed their second indoor team title and first since 1968.

1968 NCAA indoor track and field championships
The 1968 NCAA Indoor Track and Field Championships were contested March 16, 1968, at the Cobo Arena in Detroit, Michigan at the fourth annual NCAA-sanctioned track meet to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate indoor track and field events in the United States.

Villanova topped the team standings, finishing ten-and-a-third points ahead of defending champions USC. It was the Wildcats' first indoor team title.
Sepulana
Sepulana (also sePulane) is the language of the Mapulana people, a low-veld ethnic group primarily located in the Bushbuckridge area, which spans the northeastern Mpumalanga and southeastern Limpopo provinces of South Africa. The language is spoken by an estimated 800,000 people.

Sepulana is classified within the Bantu language family, specifically as part of the Sotho-Tswana group, and is considered an Eastern Sotho language, alongside Pai and Kutswe. Historically, Sepulana has been incorrectly regarded as a dialect of Northern Sotho (Sesotho sa Leboa) or Sepedi, a perception stemming from its geographical proximity to the Bapedi people, despite clear linguistic distinctions. This historical miscategorisation has implications for its current status. Sepulana exists predominantly in an unwritten form and is not formally taught in schools. Despite its non-official status, significant community-led efforts are underway for its documentation, revitalisation, and official recognition.

Tsonga language
Tsonga (/ˈ(t)sɒŋɡə/ ⓘ (T)SONG-gə) or Xitsonga (/ʃiˈtsɒŋ.ɡə/ shee-TSONG-gə) as an endonym (also known as Changana in Mozambique), is a Bantu language spoken by the Tsonga people of South Africa and Mozambique. It is mutually intelligible with Tswa and Ronga and the name "Tsonga" is often used as a cover term for all three, also sometimes referred to as Tswa-Ronga. The Xitsonga language has been standardised as a written language.

Tsonga is an official language of the Republic of South Africa, and under the name Shangani it is recognised as an official language in the Constitution of Zimbabwe. All Tswa-Ronga languages are recognised in Mozambique. It is not official in Eswatini (formerly known as Swaziland).
Henan Mongol Autonomous County
Henan Mongol Autonomous County is an autonomous county in the south of Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the province of Qinghai, China, bordering Gansu Province to the south and east. Its administrative seat ("capital") is the town of Yêgainnyin (Youganning). Henan has an area of 6,250 km2 (2,410 sq mi) and approximately 30,000 inhabitants (2004). The Mongols or Upper Mongols (Sogwo Arig), the overwhelming majority of the inhabitants of the county, do not speak Mongolian (with relatively few exceptions) and speak primarily Standard Chinese and Tibetan.

Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (simplified Chinese: 黄南藏族自治州; traditional Chinese: 黃南藏族自治州; pinyin: Huángnán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu; Tibetan: རྨ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་, Wylie: rma lho bod rigs rang skyong khul) is an autonomous prefecture of eastern Qinghai, northwest China, bordering Gansu to the east. The prefecture has an area of 17,921 km2 (6,919 sq mi) and its seat is in Tongren County.