hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vladimir Semichastny
Vladimir Yefimovich Semichastny (Russian: Влади́мир Ефи́мович Семича́стный; Ukrainian: Володимир Юхимович Семичастний; 15 January 1924 – 12 January 2001) was a Soviet politician, who served as Chairman of the KGB from November 1961 to May 1967. A protégé of Alexander Shelepin, he rose through the ranks of the Communist Youth League (Komsomol).

Doctor Zhivago (novel)
Doctor Zhivago (/ʒɪˈvɑːɡoʊ/ zhiv-AH-goh; Russian: До́ктор Жива́го [doktər ʐɨˈvaɡə]) is a novel by Russian poet, author and composer Boris Pasternak, first published in 1957 in Italy. The novel is named after its protagonist, Yuri Zhivago, a physician and poet, and takes place between the Russian Revolution of 1905 and World War II.

Owing to the author's critical stance on the October Revolution, Doctor Zhivago was refused publication in the USSR. At the instigation of Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, the manuscript was smuggled to Milan and published in 1957. Pasternak was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature the following year, an event that embarrassed and enraged the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

The novel was made into a film by David Lean in 1965, and since then has twice been adapted for television, most recently as a miniseries for Russian TV in 2006. The novel Doctor Zhivago has been part of the Russian school curriculum since 2003, where it is read in 11th grade.
Barbados Bar Association
The Barbados Bar Association is a voluntary association of attorneys in Barbados who practise at the independent bar as barristers and Queen's Counsel. It was created by the Barbados Bar Association Act of 1940.

Bar association
A bar association is a professional association of lawyers as generally organized in countries following the Anglo-American types of jurisprudence. The word bar is derived from the old English/European custom of using a physical railing (bar) to separate the area in which court or legal profession business is done from the viewing area for the general public or students of the law.

Some bar associations are responsible for the regulation of the legal profession in their jurisdiction; others are professional organizations dedicated to serving their members; in many cases, they are both. In many Commonwealth jurisdictions, the bar association comprises lawyers who are qualified as barristers or advocates in particular, versus solicitors (see bar council). Membership in bar associations may be mandatory (necessary to practice law) or optional (voluntary) for practicing attorneys, depending on jurisdiction.
Gastrointestinal disease
Gastrointestinal diseases (abbrev. GI diseases or GI illnesses) refer to diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract, namely the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum; and the accessory organs of digestion, the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Biliary tract
The biliary tract (also biliary tree or biliary system) refers to the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts, and how they work together to make, store and secrete bile. Bile consists of water, electrolytes, bile acids, cholesterol, phospholipids and conjugated bilirubin. Some components are synthesized by hepatocytes (liver cells); the rest are extracted from the blood by the liver.

Bile is secreted by the liver into small ducts that join to form the common hepatic duct. Between meals, secreted bile is stored in the gallbladder. During a meal, the bile is secreted into the duodenum (part of the small intestine) to rid the body of waste stored in the bile as well as aid in the absorption of dietary fats and oils.
PortalPlayer
PortalPlayer, Inc., founded in 1999, was a fabless semiconductor company that supplied system-on-a-chip semiconductors, firmware and software for personal media players. The company handled semiconductor design and firmware development, while subcontracting the actual semiconductor manufacturing to merchant foundries.

It gained recognition as the company with which Apple contracted for development of the original iPod.  The company went public with an IPO in November 2004 and traded on the NASDAQ under ticker symbol PLAY.  Sales to Apple grew to 90% of the company's gross revenue, which ultimately hurt the company when Apple switched media processor chip vendors in its iPod lines.

On January 5, 2007, Nvidia Corporation announced that it had acquired PortalPlayer, Inc. for about $357 million.

Fabless manufacturing
Fabless manufacturing is the design and sale of hardware devices and semiconductor chips while outsourcing their fabrication (or fab) to a specialized manufacturer called a semiconductor foundry. These foundries are typically, but not exclusively, located in mainland China and Taiwan. Fabless companies can benefit from lower capital costs while concentrating their research and development resources on the end market. Some fabless companies and pure play foundries (like TSMC) may offer integrated-circuit design services to third parties.
Edinburgh Central Mosque
The Edinburgh Central Mosque (officially known as the King Fahd Mosque and Islamic Centre of Edinburgh) is located on Potterrow near the University of Edinburgh central area and the National Museum of Scotland. The mosque and Islamic centre was designed by Dr. Basil Al Bayati, and took more than six years to complete at a cost of £3.5M. The main hall can hold over one thousand worshippers, with women praying on a balcony overlooking the hall. The mosque holds chandeliers and a vast carpet, with very little furniture.

The architecture combines traditional Islamic features with a Modernist Scots baronial style. Geza Fehervari, Professor of Islamic Art & Archaeology at London University, said "The architectural elements and decorative details, while basically relying on Islamic, mainly Turkish traditions, successfully interact with the architectural and decorative age-old customs of Scotland."

Friday prayer
Friday prayer, or congregational prayer (Arabic: صلاة الجمعة, romanized: ṣalāt al-jumuʿa), is the meeting together of Muslims for communal prayer and a service at midday every Friday. In Islam, the day itself is called Yawm al-Jum'ah (shortened to Jum'ah), which translated from Arabic means "Day of Meeting", "Day of Assembly" or "Day of Congregation".

On this day, all Muslim men are expected to meet and participate at the designated place of meeting and prostration (mosque), with certain exceptions due to distance and situation. Women and children can also participate, but do not fall under the same obligation that men do.

In many Muslim countries, the weekend includes Fridays, and in others, Fridays are half-days for schools and some workplaces. It is one of the most exalted Islamic rituals and one of its confirmed obligatory acts.
SWEEPS-11
SWEEPS-11 is an extrasolar planet orbiting SWEEPS J175902.67−291153.5 in the constellation Sagittarius, approximately 27,710 light years away from the Solar System (based on a distance modulus of 14.1), making it (along with SWEEPS-04) the most distant exoplanet(s) known. This planet was found in 2006 by the Sagittarius Window Eclipsing Extrasolar Planet Search (SWEEPS) program that uses the transit method.

This hot Jupiter has a mass 9.7 times that of Jupiter and a radius of 1.13 times that of Jupiter, but the uncertainty in this value is large, around 21%. The planet orbits at about 1.75 times closer to the star than 51 Pegasi b is to 51 Pegasi, taking only 1.8 days or 43 hours to orbit the star. It is also the most distant planet yet discovered.

Sagittarius (constellation)
Sagittarius is one of the constellations of the zodiac and is located in the Southern celestial hemisphere.   It is one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy and remains one of the 88 modern constellations. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♐︎). Its name is Latin for "archer". Sagittarius is commonly represented as a centaur drawing a bow.  It lies between Scorpius and Ophiuchus to the west and Capricornus and Microscopium to the east.

The center of the Milky Way lies in the westernmost part of Sagittarius (see Sagittarius A).
Symphony No. 24 (Haydn)
Joseph Haydn wrote Symphony No. 24 in D major, Hoboken I/24, in 1764. The symphony is scored for flute, two oboes, bassoon, two horns, and strings with continuo.

The work is in four movements:

The second movement very likely derives from the Adagio movement of a now lost Flute Concerto in D major, listed in Haydn's Entwurfkatalog. While there is no extant manuscript evidence for this, the movement is consistent with Haydn's lyrical and less formalist approach to slow movement writing in the concerto genre, including, most obviously, the elision of the opening ritornello and the inclusion of an obvious cadential point at the end of the movement. (This is also true of the slow movement of Haydn's Symphony No 13.)

In the final movement, Haydn again incorporates the same figure as seen in his Symphony No. 13 and Mozart's Jupiter Symphony.

D major
D major is a major scale based on D, consisting of the pitches D, E, F♯, G, A, B, and C♯. Its key signature has two sharps. Its relative minor is B minor and its parallel minor is D minor.

The D major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The D harmonic major and melodic major scales are:
Battleground State Forest
The Battleground State Forest is a state forest located near Gould Township in Cass County, Minnesota. It is managed by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. It lies entirely within the boundaries of the Chippewa National Forest, additionally, and a portion of the forest falls within the borders of the Leech Lake Indian Reservation.

Outdoor recreation activities include hiking and mountain biking on provided trails, as well as backcountry camping. Swimming  and fishing are an option on bordering Leech Lake, boating is possible due to the forest's two public access boat launches.

Chippewa National Forest
Chippewa National Forest is a national forest located in north central Minnesota, United States, in the counties of Itasca, Cass and Beltrami. Forest headquarters are located in Cass Lake, Minnesota. There are local ranger district offices in Blackduck, Deer River and Walker.
Dasymutilla foxi
Dasymutilla foxi is a species of velvet ant found in Mexico and the southwestern United States. Dasymutilla foxi is locally common, and "setal coloration is highly variable; each of the body segments varies from whitish to reddish, and most eastern populations (Colorado, Kansas, Texas) have a black setal patch on the mesosoma."

This species was first described by entomologist Theodore D. A. Cockerell and is named for William J. Fox. Dasymutilla phoenix and Dasymutilla dugesii have been synonymized with this species. According to C. E. Mickel in 1928, "The females vary in size from 5 to 11 mm...A note on two of the specimens collected by Cockerell states that this species is parasitic in the nests of Diadasia species."

Velvet ant
Velvet ants (Mutillidae) are a family of more than 7,000 species of wasps whose wingless females resemble large, hairy ants. Their common name velvet ant refers to their resemblance to an ant, and their dense pile of hair, which most often is bright scarlet or orange, but may also be black, white, silver, or gold. Their bright colors serve as aposematic signals. They are known for their extremely painful stings, (the sting of the species Dasymutilla klugii rated a 3 on the Schmidt pain index and lasts up to 30 minutes), and has resulted in the common name "cow killer" or "cow ant" being applied to the species Dasymutilla occidentalis. However, mutillids are not aggressive and sting only in defense. In addition, the actual toxicity of their venom is much lower than that of honey bees or harvester ants. Unlike true ants, they are solitary, and lack complex social systems.
Atrazine
Atrazine (/ˈætrəziːn/ A-trə-zeen) is a chlorinated herbicide of the triazine class. It is used to prevent pre-emergence broadleaf weeds in crops such as maize (corn), soybean and sugarcane, and also in turf landscaping, such as golf courses and residential lawns. Its use significantly increases crop yields. Atrazine is one of the most widely used herbicides in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Brazil, but has been banned in other countries including in the European Union and the Gulf Cooperation Council. Its use is controversial and highly regulated.

As of 2001, atrazine was the most common pesticide found in drinking water in the U.S.: 44

Cyanuric acid
Cyanuric acid or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol is a chemical compound with the formula (CNOH)3. Like many industrially useful chemicals, this triazine has many synonyms. This white, odorless solid finds use as a precursor or a component of bleaches, disinfectants, and herbicides. In 1997, worldwide production was 160,000 tonnes (180,000 short tons; 350,000,000 lb).
Second-order logic
In logic and mathematics, second-order logic is an extension of first-order logic, which itself is an extension of propositional logic. Second-order logic is in turn extended by higher-order logic and type theory.

First-order logic quantifies only variables that range over individuals (elements of the domain of discourse); second-order logic, in addition, quantifies over relations. For example, the second-order sentence  says that for every formula P, and every individual x, either Px is true or not(Px) is true (this is the law of excluded middle). Second-order logic also includes quantification over sets, functions, and other variables (see section below). Both first-order and second-order logic use the idea of a domain of discourse (often called simply the "domain" or the "universe"). The domain is a set over which individual elements may be quantified.

Domain of discourse
In the formal sciences, the domain of discourse or universe of discourse (borrowing from the mathematical concept of universe) is the set of entities over which certain variables of interest in some formal treatment may range.

It is also defined as the collection of objects being discussed in a specific discourse.
In model-theoretical semantics, a universe of discourse is the set of entities that a model is based on.

The domain of discourse is usually identified in the preliminaries, so that there is no need in the further treatment to specify each time the range of the relevant variables. Many logicians distinguish, sometimes only tacitly, between the domain of a science and the universe of discourse of a formalization of the science.

In mathematics, the concept is distinguished from a universe, which is some set internal to a set theory, whereas a domain of discourse is metamathematical, allowing one to speak of the universe of sets or collection of all classes in a formal way.
1987 Down Senior Hurling Championship
The 1987 Down Senior Hurling Championship was the 79th staging of the Down Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Down County Board in 1903.

Ballycran entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 13 September 1987 at St Patrick's Park, between Ballycran and Ballygalget, in what was their first meeting in the final in three years. Ballycran won the match by 0–17 to 1–08 to claim their 17th championship title overall and a record fourth consecutive title.

1986 Down Senior Hurling Championship
The 1986 Down Senior Hurling Championship was the 78th staging of the Down Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Down County Board in 1903.

Ballycran entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 14 September 1986 at St Patrick's Park, between Ballycran and Portaferry, in what was their second consecutive meeting in the final. Ballycran won the match by 3–06 to 1–11 to claim their 16th championship title overall and a third consecutive title.
Tibor Molnar (footballer, born 1952)
Tibor Molnar (born June 6, 1952) is a Hungarian former footballer who played as a midfielder in the North American Soccer League, the Canadian National Soccer League, and the Major Indoor Soccer League in the 1970s and early 1980s.

1971 NASL Professional Hoc-Soc Tournament
The 1971 NASL Professional Hoc-Soc Tournament was the first indoor variant of soccer sanctioned by the North American Soccer League. It was held in St. Louis, Missouri on the evening of March 19, 1971 and involved four of the league's eight franchises.
1961 Northwest Conference football season
The 1961 Northwest Conference football season was the season of college football played by the six member schools of the Northwest Conference (NWC) as part of the 1961 college football season. The 1961 Linfield Wildcats football team won the conference championship with an undefeated 9–0 record in the regular season. They advanced to the NAIA playoffs where they defeated Whittier in the semifinals and lost to Pittsburg State in the Camellia Bowl, the NAIA national championship game.

Camellia Bowl (1961–1980)
The Camellia Bowl was an annual college football postseason game in Sacramento, California, which is nicknamed the Camellia City.  It was held sixteen times at Hughes Stadium, from 1961 through 1975, and once more in 1980.
Productida
Productida is an extinct order of brachiopods in the extinct class Strophomenata. Members of Productida first appeared during the Silurian. They represented the most abundant group of brachiopods during the Permian period, accounting for 45-70% of all species. The vast majority of species went extinct during the Permian-Triassic extinction event, though a handful survived into the Early Triassic. Many productids are covered in hollow tubular spines, which are characteristic of the group. A number of functions for the spines have been proposed, including as a defensive mechanism against predators.

Strophomenata
Strophomenata is an extinct class of brachiopods in the subphylum Rhynchonelliformea.

They originated in the Cambrian period, hugely diversified during the Ordovician, and faced near extinction from the Permian-Triassic extinction. Only a few lingered around in the Triassic until eventually going extinct. They were an exceptionally diverse group of brachiopods, and within the group the Strophomenids of the early Paleozoic and Productids of the late Paleozoic hugely contributed to the immense diversity.
Lynching at Włodowo
The lynching at Włodowo (Polish: Samosąd we Włodowie, Lincz we Włodowie) took place in a village of Włodowo in North-Eastern Poland on 1 July 2005. Local men killed a criminal Józef "Ciechanek" Ciechanowicz who was terrorizing the community.

Dobre Miasto
Dobre Miasto (Polish: [ˈdɔbrɛ ˈmjastɔ]; German: Guttstadt [ˈɡʊt.ʃtat] ⓘ; literally Good Town) is a town in northern Poland, in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship with 9,857 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is situated in the northwestern part of the Masurian Lake District in the heart of the historical region of Warmia. It is also the seat of Dobre Miasto Commune which consists of the main town and 21 village administrative divisions, with a total population of 16,014.
Mignon G. Eberhart
Mignon Good Eberhart (July 6, 1899, Lincoln, Nebraska – October 8, 1996, Greenwich, Connecticut) was an American author of mystery novels. She had one of the longest careers (from the 1920s to the 1980s) among major American mystery writers.

Mystery Writers of America
The Mystery Writers of America (MWA) is a professional organization of mystery and crime writers, based in New York City.

The organization was founded in 1945 by Clayton Rawson, Anthony Boucher, Lawrence Treat, and Brett Halliday.

It presents the Edgar Award, a small bust of Edgar Allan Poe, to mystery or crime writers every year.  It presents the Raven Award to non-writers who contribute to the mystery genre. The category of Best Juvenile Mystery is also part of the Edgar Award, with such notable recipients as Barbara Brooks Wallace having won the honor twice for The Twin in the Tavern in 1994 and Sparrows in the Scullery in 1998, and Tony Abbott for his novel The Postcard in 2009.

John Dickson Carr, who also served as president of the MWA, won a Grand Master Award in 1949 and 1962.
The Yellow Handkerchief (1977 film)
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The Yellow Handkerchief (幸福の黄色いハンカチ, Shiawase no kiiroi hankachi; lit. The Yellow Handkerchief of Happiness) is a 1977 Japanese film directed by Yoji Yamada. It was the winner of the first Best Picture award at the Japan Academy Prize. The film was inspired by the American song "Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree," itself based on a column series written by journalist Pete Hamill for the New York Post in 1971.

Koinobori
Koinobori (鯉のぼり), meaning 'carp streamer' in Japanese, are carp-shaped windsocks traditionally flown in Japan to celebrate Tango no sekku (端午の節句), a traditional calendrical event which is now designated as Children's Day (子供の日, Kodomo no hi), a national holiday in Japan. Koinobori are made by drawing carp patterns on paper, cloth, or other nonwoven fabric. They are then allowed to flutter in the wind. They are also known as satsuki-nobori (皐のぼり).

Children's Day takes place on May 5, the last day of Golden Week, the largest break for workers and also a week in which many businesses, state schools, and some private schools close for up to 9–10 days for the designated national holidays. Landscapes across Japan are decorated with koinobori from April to early May, in honor of children for a good future and in the hope that they will grow up healthy and strong.

The koinobori is included in Unicode as U+1F38F 🎏 CARP STREAMER.
Teal Park
Teal Park is a public greenspace in Horseheads, New York. The park was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983< and is contained within the Horseheads 1855 Extension Historic District.

Horseheads 1855 Extension Historic District
Horseheads 1855 Extension Historic District is a national historic district located at Horseheads in Chemung County, New York.  The residential district includes a rich variety of exceptionally well preserved examples of the vernacular architectural styles once popular in such communities. The included structures reflect the diversity of architectural styles popular between 1860 and 1920.

It is adjacent to Hanover Square and Horseheads High School.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
Arkel railway station
Arkel is a railway station, located in Arkel in the Netherlands. The station is located on the Qbuzz line between Dordrecht and Geldermalsen. It was opened on 1 December 1883, was closed on 15 May 1938 and was reopened on 10 June 1940. Originally, Arkel had two tracks, in the 1980s this was reduced to a single track. Train services are operated by Qbuzz. The station building is now in use as an office.

Qbuzz
Qbuzz is a public transport company in the Netherlands that operates services in Friesland, South Holland, Drenthe and Groningen. Founded in 2008, it was a subsidiary of Nederlandse Spoorwegen  from 2013 until 2017. It is currently owned by Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane.