hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pam Burridge
Pam Burridge (born 26 July 1965) is an Australian surfer and one of the pioneers of women’s surfing in Australia.

Born in Sydney, she entered her first surfing competition in 1977, proceeding to win various regional and national titles in the following years. Burridge began competing internationally in 1981, and went on to win the women's ASP World Tour in 1990. She was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 1995, and given a place on Huntington Beach's Surfing Walk of Fame in 2017. After a hiatus from 1993 to 1996, Burridge continued surfing competitively until 1999 and now runs a surf school on the south coast of New South Wales.

In 1984, Burridge released a single in collaboration with then-love interest Damien Lovelock under the name Pam and the Pashions, titled Summertime All 'Round the World.

Sydney Ferries named a HarbourCat Pam Burridge in her honour.

Sport Australia Hall of Fame Awards
The Sport Australia Hall of Fame was established on 10 December 1985 to recognise the achievements of Australian sportsmen and sportswomen.  The inaugural induction included 120 members with Sir Don Bradman as the first inductee and Dawn Fraser the first female inductee. In 1989, the Hall of Fame was expanded to include associate members who have assisted in the development of sport in Australia. In 2012, there were 518 members. Each year the Hall of Fame inducts notable retired athletes, associate members and upgrades one member to 'legend' status.

The main award each year is the 'Don' Award but other awards include Team Sport Australia Award, Spirit of Sport Award and Hall of Fame Moments.

The National Sports Museum located at the Melbourne Cricket Ground houses the Sport Australia Hall of Fame.
2022 San Benedetto Tennis Cup
The 2022 San Benedetto Tennis Cup was a professional tennis tournaments played on clay courts. It was the 16th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. The event took place in San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy, from 25 to 31 July 2022.

San Benedetto Tennis Cup
The San Benedetto Tennis Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It was held annually at the Circolo Tennis Maggioni in San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy, from 2001 until 2023.
Interscript
Interscript was a rich text document markup language designed by Xerox to act as a common interchange format between disparate document formats. It was part of a system that included the Xerox Character Code Standard (XCCS) and the InterPress page description representation.

Formatted text
In computing, formatted text, styled text, or rich text, as opposed to plain text, is digital text which has styling information beyond the minimum of semantic elements: colours, styles (boldface, italic), sizes, and special features in HTML (such as hyperlinks).
1905 Penn Quakers football team
The 1905 Penn Quakers football team represented the University of Pennsylvania as an independent during the 1905 college football season. The Quakers finished with an undefeated 12–0–1 record in their fourth year under head coach Carl S. Williams. Significant games included a 6 to 0 victory over the Carlisle Indians, a 12 to 6 victory over Harvard, a 23 to 0 victory over Columbia, a 6 to 5 victory over Cornell, and a 6–6 tie with Lafayette. The 1905 Penn team outscored its opponents by a combined total of 259 to 33.

Six Penn players received recognition on the 1905 College Football All-America Team. They are: end Izzy Levene (WC-3; NYW; NYG); tackle Otis Lamson (WC-1; CW-1; NYEP; NYW; NYG; NYEP; NYT; NYG); guard F. Hobson (NYEP; NYG); center Robert Torrey (WC-1; CW-1; NYEP; NYT; NYW; NYG); quarterback Vince Stevenson (NYW); and halfback H.W. Sheble (WC-2).

1905 Lafayette football team
The 1905 Lafayette football team was an American football team that represented Lafayette College as an independent during the 1905 college football season. In its third season under head coach Alfred E. Bull, the team compiled a 7–2–1 record, shut out seven opponents, and outscored all opponents by a total of 313 to 55. Frank Newberry was the team captain. The team played its home games at March Field in Easton, Pennsylvania.
Forud
Forud (Persian: فرود, also Romanized as Forūd) is a village in Kavar Rural District, in the Central District of Kavar County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,201, in 417 families.

Kavar Rural District
Kavar Rural District (Persian: دهستان كوار) is in the Central District of Kavar County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Nowruzan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Akbarabad, now a city.
2000 Stevenage Borough Council election
Elections to Stevenage Council in Hertfordshire, England were held on 4 May 2000. One third of the council was up for election; the seats of the candidates who finished third in each ward in the all-out election of 1999. The Labour Party stayed in overall control of the council, which it had held continuously since its creation in 1973.

After the election, the composition of the council was:

Labour 33

Liberal Democrat 3

Conservative 3

1999 Stevenage Borough Council election
Elections to Stevenage Council were held on 6 May 1999.  The whole council was up for election with boundary changes since the last election in 1998. The Labour Party stayed in overall control of the council.
2015 Rally de Portugal
The 2015 Rally de Portugal was the fifth round of the 2015 World Rally Championship season. For the first time since 2001, the Rally de Portugal returned to the north of Portugal, returning to the stage sections that earned the rally the world's best award 6 times, and large crowds lined the stages.

Jari-Matti Latvala won the Rally de Portugal for the first time, taking his first victory of the 2015 season.

2015 World Rally Championship
The 2015 FIA World Rally Championship was the 43rd season of the World Rally Championship, a rallying championship recognised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile as the highest class of international rallying. Teams and drivers contest thirteen rallies across four continents, competing for the FIA World Rally Championships for Drivers and Manufacturers. The WRC-2, WRC-3 and Junior WRC championships are run in support of the premier championship.

Sébastien Ogier started the season as the defending drivers' champion.  His team, Volkswagen Motorsport, were the defending manufacturers' champions.
Both Ogier and Volkswagen Motorsport claimed their third consecutive drivers' and manufacturers' championships with 3 rounds to spare by winning in Rally Australia.
Hoo Stack
Hoo Stack is a small island off Nesting in Shetland. It is one and a half miles from the North Isle of Gletness. It is 34 metres (112 ft) at its highest point, and is home to a lighthouse, which was built in 1986.

North Isle of Gletness
The North Isle of Gletness is one of the Shetland Islands. It is east of the Shetland Mainland, near Gletness in Nesting parish, and is so called in contradistinction to the South Isle of Gletness. It is 33m at its highest point.

There are several small skerries surrounding it.
Fibered manifold
In differential geometry, in the category of differentiable manifolds, a fibered manifold is a surjective submersion

that is, a surjective differentiable mapping such that at each point  the tangent mapping

is surjective, or, equivalently, its rank equals

Fibration
The notion of a fibration generalizes the notion of a fiber bundle and plays an important role in algebraic topology, a branch of mathematics.

Fibrations are used, for example, in Postnikov systems or obstruction theory.

In this article, all mappings are continuous mappings between topological spaces.
Thomas Goodwin (Australian politician)
Thomas Henry Hall Goodwin (11 December 1848 – 1 July 1921) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Scone to medical practitioner John Goodwin and Elizabeth Russell. He worked as a pastoralist and surveyor, and was involved in the discovery and settlement of Broken Hill. In 1887 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Protectionist member for Gunnedah, but he resigned in 1888. He returned to the Assembly in 1895, winning re-election in 1898 before retiring for good in 1901. He died in Sydney in 1921.

Protectionist Party
The Protectionist Party, also known as the Protectionist Liberal Party or Liberal Protectionist Party, was an Australian political party, formally organised from 1887 until 1909, with policies centred on protectionism. The party advocated protective tariffs, arguing it would allow Australian industry to grow and provide employment. It had its greatest strength in Victoria and in the rural areas of New South Wales. Its most prominent leaders were Sir Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin, who were the first and second prime ministers of Australia.
7th Heaven season 9
The ninth season of 7th Heaven—an American family-drama television series, created and produced by Brenda Hampton—premiered on September 13, 2004, on The WB, and concluded on May 23, 2005 (22 episodes).

7th Heaven (TV series)
7th Heaven is an American family drama television series created and produced by Brenda Hampton. The series debuted on August 26, 1996, on The WB, where it aired for ten seasons through May 8, 2006, making it the longest-running series in the history of The WB. Following the shutdown of The WB and its merger with UPN to form The CW, the series aired on The CW on September 25, 2006, for its eleventh and final season, airing its final episode on May 13, 2007. 7th Heaven was one of the network's first major successful shows and, alongside Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Dawson's Creek, helped in the early success of the WB during the mid to late 1990s. It was also the last series produced by Spelling Television (CBS Paramount Television produced the eleventh and final season) to end its run, as the company was shut down a month after Spelling's death and became an in-name-only unit of CBS Paramount Television.
Alleged plot to kidnap Pope Pius XII
Several authors have alleged that there was a plot to kidnap Pope Pius XII by the Nazis when they occupied Rome during World War II. Karl Wolff, a general in the Schutzstaffel, stated that he had been ordered on 13 September 1943 to kidnap the Pope.

Owen Chadwick
William Owen Chadwick OM KBE FRSE FBA (20 May 1916 – 17 July 2015) was a British Anglican priest, academic, rugby international, writer and prominent historian of Christianity. As a leading academic, Chadwick became Dixie Professor of Ecclesiastical History in 1958, serving until 1968, and from 1968 to 1983 was Regius Professor of History. Chadwick was elected master of Selwyn College, Cambridge, and served from 1956 to 1983.

In his obituaries, Chadwick was described as "one of the great religious historians of our time" by The Independent, and as "one of the most remarkable men of letters of the 20th century" by The Guardian.
Resort
A resort (North American English) is a self-contained commercial establishment that aims to provide most of a vacationer's needs. This includes food, drink, accommodation, sports, entertainment and shopping, on the premises. A hotel is frequently a central feature of a resort and the term resort may be used for a hotel that provides an array of entertainment and recreational activities.

Some resorts are also condominium complexes that offer timeshares or fractional ownership, in addition to wholly owned condominiums. A resort is not always a commercial establishment operated by a single company, but in the late 20th century, this type became more common.

In British English, "resort" means a town which people visit for holidays and day trips, typically containing hotels where holidaymakers stay. Blackpool and Brighton in UK and Ayia Napa in Cyprus are examples of such places.

Vacation rental
A vacation rental is the renting out of a furnished apartment, house, or professionally managed resort-condominium complex on a temporary basis to tourists as an alternative to a hotel.  The term vacation rental is mainly used in the US. Other terms used are self-catering rental, holiday home, holiday let (in the United Kingdom), cottage holiday (for a rental of smaller accommodation in rural locations) and gite (in rural locations in France).

Vacation rentals have long been a popular travel option in Europe (especially in the United Kingdom) as well as in Canada and are becoming increasingly popular around the world.
Republicans for the Rule of Law
Republicans for the Rule of Law is the principal initiative of the conservative, anti-Donald Trump political group Defending Democracy Together, founded by Bill Kristol, Mona Charen, Linda Chavez, Sarah Longwell, and Andy Zwick in 2019. The project, a 501(c)(4) (social welfare) group, created an advertising campaign to pressure Republican members of Congress to "demand the facts" about the Trump-Ukraine scandal during the impeachment inquiry against Donald Trump.

Mona Charen
Mona Charen Parker (née Charen /ˈʃɛərən/ SHAIR-ən; born February 25, 1957) is an American conservative columnist, journalist, and political commentator. Charen has written four books, and is an outspoken critic of the Trump administration.
NOAAS Whiting
NOAAS Whiting (S 329), was an American survey ship that was in commission in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) from 1970 to 2003. Previously, she had been in commission in the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey from 1963 to 1970 as USC&GS Whiting (CSS 29).

In 2005 the ship was transferred to Mexico, and she was commissioned in the Mexican Navy as ARM Río Tuxpan (BI-12), Mexico's first dedicated hydrographic survey ship, and then renamed ARM Amealco (BI-07) in 2023.

Side-scan sonar
Side-scan sonar (also sometimes called side scan sonar, sidescan sonar, side  imaging sonar, side-imaging sonar and bottom classification sonar) is a category of sonar system that is used to efficiently create an image of large areas of the sea floor.
That Roundhouse
That Roundhouse is a roundhouse sited in woods within the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park near the town of Newport in Wales. It was constructed without planning permission during the winter of 1997/1998 by Tony Wrench and Jane Faith and helpers as part of the then secret Brithdir Mawr intentional community. The structure was discovered in 1998, challenged by the authorities, and threatened with demolition; it was granted retrospective planning permission in September 2008, with a review in three years. The “radical experiment” has attracted considerable media attention in relation to issues surrounding green building, affordable housing, low-carbon building, low-impact development and sustainable living.

Newport, Pembrokeshire
Newport (Welsh: Trefdraeth, meaning: "town by the beach") is a town, community, electoral ward and ancient port of Parrog, on the Pembrokeshire coast in West Wales at the mouth of the River Nevern (Welsh: Afon Nyfer) in the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park. The town gives its name to Newport Bay.

A popular tourist destination, Newport town straddles the  Fishguard to Cardigan (A487) road, while the old port area hosts beach, water and other activities.
Wild Justice (TV series)
Wild Justice is a reality television series which followed the activities and exploits of the California Department of Fish and Wildlife game wardens, from 2010 to 2013, as they investigate crimes ranging from poaching to illicit marijuana cultivation. The series was produced by the National Geographic Channel and aired for a total of four seasons.

The premier of Wild Justice was the highest rated show in National Geographic's history, according to executive producer Phil Segal. The series premiere of Wild Justice set a National Geographic record with 3.2 million viewers.

The show was criticized for exaggerating and embellishing investigations that resulted in citations to look good for television. One informant, who gave the Game Wardens information about poachers in Glenn County, was assaulted by masked poachers after his identity was revealed in an episode of the show.

Wild Justice has spurred two spinoff series: Kentucky Justice and Southern Justice.

Southern Justice
Southern Justice is a reality television series that follows the activities and exploits of two southern Sheriff's departments in the Appalachian Mountains of the southern United States. These departments are the Sullivan County Sheriff's Office in Northeast Tennessee and the Ashe County Sheriff's Office in North Carolina. The series was first aired in 2014 under production from the National Geographic Channel and has aired for three seasons. The show was produced by the Weinstein Company and Electus.
AS-90
The AS-90 ("Artillery System for the 1990s"), known officially as Gun Equipment 155 mm L131, is an armoured self-propelled howitzer formerly used by the British Army and subsequently donated for use by the Ukrainian Army.

It can fire standard charges up to 24.7 km (15.3 mi) using 39-calibre long barrel and 30 km (19 mi) with 52-calibre long barrel. The maximum rate of fire is 3 rounds in 10 seconds (burst); 6 per minute for 3 minutes (intense); and 2 per minute for 60 minutes (sustained).

Oryx (website)
Oryx, or Oryxspioenkop, is a Dutch open-source intelligence defence analysis website and warfare research group. According to Oryx, the term spionkop (Afrikaans for "spy hill") "refers to a place from where one can watch events unfold around the world".

Oryx was created by Stijn Mitzer and Joost Oliemans, who have also written two books on the Korean People's Army. Both have previously worked for Netherlands-based Bellingcat. Oliemans also worked for Janes Information Services, a British open-source military intelligence company. After Stijn Mitzer and Joost Oliemans retired from the Oryx Blog, long-time contributor Jakub Janovsky took over as the site administrator.
Tanks in the British Army
This article on military tanks deals with the history and development of tanks of the British Army from their first use in the First World War, the interwar period, during the Second World War, the Cold War and modern era.

Battle of Amiens (1918)
The Battle of Amiens, also known as the Third Battle of Picardy  was the opening phase of the Allied offensive which began on 8 August 1918, later known as the Hundred Days Offensive, which ultimately led to the end of World War I. Allied forces advanced over 11 kilometres (7 mi) on the first day, one of the greatest advances of the war, with Gen Henry Rawlinson's British Fourth Army, with nine of its 19 divisions supplied by the fast-moving Australian Corps of Lt General John Monash and Canadian Corps of Lt General Arthur Currie, and Gen Marie Eugène Debeney's French First Army playing a decisive role. The battle is also notable for its effects on both sides' morale and the large number of surrendering German forces. This led Erich Ludendorff to later describe the first day of the battle as "the black day of the German Army". Amiens was one of the first major battles involving armoured warfare.
Heilbut, Symons & Co v Buckleton
Heilbut, Symons & Co v Buckleton [1912] UKHL 2 is an English contract law case, given by the House of Lords on misrepresentation and contractual terms. It held that a non-fraudulent misrepresentation gave no right to damages. This was decided decades before Hedley Byrne v Heller, where damages for negligent misrepresentation were introduced in English law, and, thus, it would today be regarded as wrongly decided under the tort of negligent misrepresentation.

Hedley Byrne & Co Ltd v Heller & Partners Ltd
Hedley Byrne & Co Ltd v Heller & Partners Ltd is an English tort law case on economic loss in English tort law resulting from a negligent misstatement. Prior to the decision, the notion that a party may owe another a duty of care for statements made in reliance had been rejected, with the only remedy for such losses being in contract law. The House of Lords overruled the previous position, in recognising liability for pure economic loss not arising from a contractual relationship, applying to commercial negligence the principle of "assumption of responsibility".
1962 AAA Championships
The 1962 AAA Championships was the 1962 edition of the annual outdoor track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Association (AAA). It was held from 13 to 14 July 1962 at White City Stadium in London, England.

White City Stadium
White City Stadium in London, England, was built for the 1908 Summer Olympics. It hosted the finish of the first modern marathon and swimming, speedway, boxing, show jumping, athletics, stock car racing, concerts and a match at the 1966 World Cup.

From 1927, it was a venue for greyhound racing, hosting the English Greyhound Derby until its closure in 1984. The stadium was demolished in 1985 and the site is now occupied by White City Place.

White City was also used for stock car racing in the early seventies when Spedeworth promoted racing on Friday nights usually alternate Fridays to their Walthamstow promotions.
Leskovec, Ivančna Gorica
Leskovec (pronounced [lɛˈskɔːʋəts] or [lɛˈskoːʋəts]; German: Leskouz) is a small village in the hills north of Višnja Gora in the Municipality of Ivančna Gorica in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Višnja Gora
Višnja Gora (pronounced [ˈʋìːʃnja ˈɡɔ̀ːɾa] ⓘ; German: Weixelburg, also Weichselburg, Weichselberg) is a town in the Municipality of Ivančna Gorica in central Slovenia. It is one of the best-preserved medieval towns in Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. It includes the hamlets of Žabjek, Na Štacjonu, and Grintavec, as well as the former hamlet of Suhi Malen (German: Weixelbach).
Holotrichius innesi
Holotrichius innesi (known as the afrur in part of its range) is an assassin bug found in some Middle Eastern countries. When touched, this insect emits a varying number of stridulating noises in double pulses.

In the deserts of Israel the afrur ("dirt" in colloquial Hebrew, from its habit of covering itself with dirt) is believed to have a powerful venom, and that it is possibly to blame for deaths attributed to snake and scorpion envenomation. However, no deaths have been formally attributed to it.

Reduviidae
The Reduviidae is a large cosmopolitan family of the suborder Heteroptera of the order Hemiptera (true bugs). Among the Hemiptera and together with the Nabidae almost all species are terrestrial ambush predators; most other predatory Hemiptera are aquatic. The main examples of non-predatory Reduviidae are some blood-sucking ectoparasites in the subfamily Triatominae, with a few species from South America noted for their ability to transmit Chagas disease. Though spectacular exceptions are known, most members of the family are fairly easily recognizable: they have a relatively narrow neck, sturdy build, and formidable curved proboscis (sometimes called a rostrum). Large specimens should be handled with caution, if at all, because they sometimes defend themselves with a very painful stab from the proboscis.