hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
North Pacific albatross
The North Pacific albatrosses are large seabirds from the genus Phoebastria in the albatross family. They are the most tropical of the albatrosses, with two species (the Laysan and black-footed albatrosses) nesting in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, one on sub-tropical islands south of Japan (the short-tailed albatross), and one nesting on the equator (the waved albatross).

Laysan albatross
The Laysan albatross (Phoebastria immutabilis) is a large seabird that ranges across the North Pacific. The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands are home to 99.7% of the population. This small (for its family) gull-like albatross is the second-most common seabird in the Hawaiian Islands, with an estimated population of 1.18 million birds, and is currently expanding (or possibly re-expanding) its range to new islands. The Laysan albatross was first described as Diomedea immutabilis by Lionel Walter Rothschild, in 1893, on the basis of a specimen from Laysan Island.
Re-education in Communist Romania
Re-education in Romanian communist prisons was a series of processes initiated after the establishment of the communist regime at the end of World War II that targeted people who were considered hostile to the Romanian Communist Party, primarily members of the fascist Iron Guard, as well as other  political prisoners, both from  established prisons and from labor camps. The purpose of the process was the indoctrination of the hostile elements with the Marxist–Leninist ideology, that would lead to the crushing of any active or passive resistance movement. Reeducation was either non-violent – e.g., via communist propaganda – or violent, as it was done at the Pitești and Gherla prisons.

Virgil Ierunca
Virgil Ierunca (Romanian pronunciation: [virˈd͡ʒil jeˈruŋka]; born Virgil Untaru [unˈtaru]; August 16, 1920, Lădești, Vâlcea County – September 28, 2006, Paris) was a Romanian literary critic, journalist, and poet. He was married to Monica Lovinescu.

Both Ierunca and Lovinescu worked for several decades for Radio Free Europe.

In 2006 both were members of the Romanian Presidential Commission for the Study of the Communist Dictatorship in Romania; the Commission's chairman, Vladimir Tismăneanu, called them "the most honest and dignified couple in the history of Romanian culture".

In December 2023, a monumental ensemble featuring statues of Ierunca and Lovinescu united by a stainless steel mantle, next to a tree of evil (a parable of the Securitate agents that had infiltrated Radio Free Europe) was inaugurated in the Cotroceni neighborhood of Bucharest.
Hot spare
A hot spare or warm spare or hot standby is a component used as a failover mechanism to provide reliability in system configurations.  The hot spare is active and connected as part of a working system.  When a key component fails, the hot spare is switched into operation. More generally, a hot standby can be used to refer to any device or system that is held in readiness to overcome an otherwise significant start-up delay.

Failover
Failover is switching to a redundant or standby computer server, system, hardware component or network upon the failure or abnormal termination of the previously active application, server, system, hardware component, or network in a computer network. Failover and switchover are essentially the same operation, except that failover is automatic and usually operates without warning, while switchover requires human intervention.
Kurdalægon
Kurdalægon (Ossetian: Куырдалӕгон), also spelled and known as Kuịrdalägon, Kurd-Alägon, Aläugon, Kurd-Alä-Uärgon, is the heavenly deity of blacksmiths in Ossetian mythology. His epithet is "the heavenly one"; he shoes the dead man's horse, thus helping him on his journey to the other side. He is a close friend of the Narts.

Despite being associated with other blacksmith deities in different Indo-European mythologies (like Vulcan) he does not have the status of a god. Ossetian mythology is considered to be monotheistic, with only Xwytsau being considered God, and all the others (called zædtæ and dæwdžytæ) being considered deities of a lower class.

Vasily Abaev
Vasily (Vaso) Ivanovich Abaev, also Abayev or Abayti (Russian: Василий Иванович Абаев, Ossetian: Абайты Иваны фырт Васо; 15 December 1900 – 18 March 2001) was a Soviet Ossetian linguist specializing in Iranian, particularly Ossetian linguistics.
Manqabad
Manqabad also spelled Mankabad (Arabic: منقباد, from Coptic: ⲙⲁⲛⲕⲁⲡⲱⲧ, romanized: place of cup) is a town in Upper Egypt, near the city of Asyut. A military station was located in the town which was referred to as "beyond civilization", being the last vestige of the Nile River Valley before the southern desert. In the 1940s, the station had 3000 officers and soldiers, including a number of whom like Gamal Abdel Nasser, Khaled Mohieddin and Anwar Sadat who would become members of the Free Officers Movement. In 1965, an ancient Coptic site was accidentally found at Manqabad and major excavations were undertaken there in 1976, 1984, and 1995. Several churches and chapels dating from the 7th to 8th centuries were excavated.

Asyut
Asyut (Asyūṭ  pronounced [ʔɑsˈjuːtˤ]) is a city in Upper Egypt and the capital of the modern Asyut Governorate in Egypt. It was built close to the ancient city of the same name, which is situated nearby. The modern city is located at 27°11′00″N 31°10′00″E﻿ / ﻿27.18333°N 31.16667°E﻿ / 27.18333; 31.16667, while the ancient city is located at 27°10′00″N 31°08′00″E﻿ / ﻿27.16667°N 31.13333°E﻿ / 27.16667; 31.13333. The city is home to one of the largest Coptic Christian communities in the country.
Zerok District
Zerok District (Pashto: زېړوک ولسوالۍ), also spelled Zirok, is a district of Paktika Province that once was a part of Paktia, Afghanistan. The main town is Zerok located on the main Khost-Urgun road.

Zerok is a remote district of Paktika province bordered to the east by Spera District of Khost province, to the southwest by Nika District, to the west by Urgun District and to the north by Waziristan. The district has a population of roughly 43,190.

The district is within the heartland of the Zadran tribe of Pashtuns. The people speak Pashto with Zadran accent.

Nika District
Nika District (Pashto: نکه ولسوالۍ, Persian: ولسوالی نکه), also known as Naka, is one of the most remote districts in Paktika Province, Afghanistan.  It lies in a bowl-shaped valley and is only accessible by a few rocky river beds and a single dirt road, the latter of which is not passable in winter.  The valley's economy is rudimentary and relies on wood cutting and subsistence farming. The district is within the heartland of the Zadran tribe of Pashtuns. The population in 2019 was estimated at 16,747. It was, until the US invasion 2001, a bastion for the Taliban, with mid-level and a few senior Taliban commanders spending time there, including Jalaluddin Haqqani, who has since taken up a prominent role in Al Queda and is rumored to have been one of Osama bin Laden's senior advisors.
Trams in Ulm
The Ulm tramway network (German: Straßenbahnnetz Ulm) is a network of tramways forming part of the public transport system in Ulm, a city in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

Opened in 1897, the network is currently operated by Stadtwerke Ulm/Neu-Ulm GmbH (SWU), and integrated in the Donau-Iller-Nahverkehrsverbund (DING).

Donau-Iller-Nahverkehrsverbund
The Donau-Iller-Nahverkehrsverbund (German for Danube-Iller Local Transport Association, abbreviated DING, the German word for thing) is a regional transport cooperative that coordinates tickets and fares among all transport operators in the area of the city of Ulm and the districts of Alb-Donau, Biberach and Neu-Ulm. It was founded in 1998 and is a public funding body.
Marlon Blackwell
Marlon Blackwell (born November 7, 1956) is an American architect and university professor in Arkansas. He is a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects.

He is founder and principal at Marlon Blackwell Architects, a design firm established in 1992 in Fayetteville.

Blackwell is the E. Fay Jones Chair in Architecture and a Distinguished Professor in the Fay Jones School of Architecture and Design at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville.

Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art
The Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art is an art museum located in Bentonville, Arkansas, which opened to the public on November 11, 2011, and was founded by Alice Walton.

The museum is situated on a site of approximately 120 to 134 acres of native Ozark forest and consists of eight interconnected pavilions designed by architect Moshe Safdie. Its collection focuses on American art across multiple periods and media, and is displayed in buildings integrated into the surrounding landscape. The institution operates with a permanent endowment, allowing it to offer free general admission to the public.
Timeline of the Tigray war (January–June 2021)
This Timeline of the Tigray War (January to June 2021) is part of a chronology of the military engagements of the Tigray War, a civil war that began in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia in early November 2020.

Shire, Ethiopia
Shire (Tigrinya: ሽረ, Shuh-ruh; Amharic: ሽሬ, Shuh-ré), also known as Shire Inda Selassie (Tigrinya: ሽረ እንዳ ሥላሴ, meaning "House of the Trinity"), is a city and separate woreda in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. The city is the administrative center of the Shire Awraja, Mi erabawi Zoba and now Semien Mi'irabawi Zone. It was part of Tahtay Koraro district.
2006 Virginia Question 1
2006 Virginia Question 1, the Marshall-Newman Amendment (also referred to as the Virginia Marriage Amendment) is an amendment to the Constitution of Virginia that defines marriage as solely between one man and one woman and bans recognition of any legal status "approximat[ing] the design, qualities, significance, or effects of marriage". The amendment was ratified by 57% of the voters on November 7, 2006. It became part of the state Constitution as Section 15-A of Article 1. In 2014, the amendment was ruled unconstitutional in Bostic v. Schaefer. Voters will decide whether to repeal the amendment in 2026.

Bostic v. Schaefer
Bostic v. Schaefer (formerly Bostic v. McDonnell and Bostic v. Rainey) is a lawsuit filed in federal court in July 2013 that challenged Virginia's refusal to sanction same-sex marriages. The plaintiffs won in U.S. district court in February 2014, and the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld that ruling in July 2014. On August 20, 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court stayed enforcement of the Fourth Circuit's ruling pending the outcome of further litigation. State officials refused to defend the state's constitutional and statutory bans on same-sex marriage.

On October 6, 2014, the Supreme Court denied a writ of certiorari to the case, letting the circuit court decision stand.
Fulk Al Salamah (2016 yacht)
Fulk Al Salamah ('Ship of Peace') is a superyacht in service with the Oman Royal Yacht Squadron since her completion in 2016. She was first announced in 2014 as project Saffron. She joined the Lürssen superyacht Al Said in the capital Muscat as part of the royal fleet. At 164 metres (538 ft 1 in), Fulk Al Salamah is the second longest yacht in the world as of 2022. She replaced a previous ship called Fulk Al Salamah which was renamed Al Dhaferah.

Al Said (yacht)
Al Said is a luxury yacht owned by the Sultan of Oman. The yacht was ordered to be made in 2006, by Lürssen.
The ship was code named Project Sunflower during its construction. Al Said was launched by the Lürssen Shipyard in September 2007 and at the time of her launch she was the world's second longest yacht. The yacht was completed in the following months and delivered to her owners in 2008.
Rajauri, Punjab
Rajauri is a village in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 10 km from Nagar, 17.6 km from Phillaur, 60.8 km from district headquarter Jalandhar and 114 km from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Nagar, Punjab
Nagar is a village in the Phillaur tehsil of Jalandhar District of the Indian state of Punjab. It is located on Phillaur-Nawanshahr Road, 6.7 kilometres (4.2 mi) from the head postal office in Phillaur, 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from Apra, 50 kilometres (31 mi) from Jalandhar, and 117 kilometres (73 mi) from the state capital of Chandigarh. The village is administered by the Sarpanch, an elected representative.
Thomas P. Bryan
Thomas Pinckney Bryan Jr. (October 10, 1918 – March 28, 1983) was an American lawyer and politician who served in the Virginia House of Delegates. Elected in 1967 to represent Richmond in the House, he was defeated in 1969 by pharmacist Carl E. Bain. He served on the Richmond City Council from 1952 to 1958, including 2 years as the city's mayor.

Carl E. Bain
Carl Edgar Bain (January 23, 1927 – May 16, 1983) was an American pharmacist and politician who served in the Virginia House of Delegates. The only Republican elected to represent Richmond in the House in 1969 and 1971, he was defeated in 1973 by attorney Walter H. Emroch.
1921 VPI Gobblers football team
The 1921 VPI Gobblers football team represented Virginia Polytechnic Institute in the 1921 college football season.  The team was led by their head coach B. C. Cubbage and finished with a record of seven wins and three losses (7–3).

B. C. Cubbage
Benjamin Cook Cubbage (October 1, 1895 – May 7, 1961) was an American football player and coach of football and basketball.  He served as the head football coach Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI)—now known as Virginia Tech—from 1921 to 1925, compiled a record  of 30–12–6.  Cubbage was also the head basketball coach at VPI for one season, in 1923–24, tallying a mark of 5–13.

After graduating from Central High School in Philadelphia, Cubbage played college football at Pennsylvania State University as an end and tackle.  He played professionally as a guard for the Massillon Tigers of the "Ohio League" during the team's 1919 season.
Flosta
Flosta is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The 22.8-square-kilometre (8.8 sq mi) municipality existed from 1902 until its dissolution in 1962. It is currently part of the municipality of Arendal in Agder county.  The administrative center of Flosta was at Staubø in the village of Kilsund. The municipality primarily encompassed the two islands of Flostaøya and Tverrdalsøya and about 9 square kilometres (3.5 sq mi) on the mainland just north of the islands including the villages of Eikeland, Borås, and Vatnebu.

Kilsund
Kilsund is a village in Arendal municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the island of Tverrdalsøya, although the village has grown over the bridge onto the nearby island of Flostaøya a short distance to the south. The village lies about 6.5 kilometres (4.0 mi) northeast of the village of Strengereid, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of the village of Eydehavn, about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) northeast of the town of Arendal, and about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) south of the town of Tvedestrand. Kilsund has two small villages located just to the north and east: Staubø and Holmsund.

The 0.93-square-kilometre (230-acre) village has a population (2016) of 717 which gives the village a population density of 771 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,000/sq mi).
Cuxham
Cuxham is a village in the civil parish of Cuxham with Easington, in the South Oxfordshire district of Oxfordshire, England. It is about 5.5 miles (9 km) north of Wallingford and about 6 miles (10 km) south of Thame.

Thame
Thame /teɪm/ is a market town and civil parish in South Oxfordshire, England, about 13 miles (21 km) east of the city of Oxford, 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Aylesbury and 40 miles (64 km) northwest of London. It derives its name from the River Thame which flows along the north side of the town and forms part of the county border with Buckinghamshire. The parish includes the hamlet of Moreton south of the town. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 11,561.  Thame was founded in the Anglo-Saxon era and was in the kingdom of Wessex.
Dream Deceiver
Dream Deceiver is the second album by Dutch thrash metal band Dead Head, released in 1993. It was the follow-up to The Feast Begins at Dawn, and features slower tempos, melodic guitar harmonies, and more death metal influence than the debut. Dream Deceiver was produced by Gert Stegeman at Westerhuis Audio. It is the only album by Dead Head not to feature Hans Spijker on drums, instead featuring Marco Kleinnibbelink.

The Feast Begins at Dawn
The Feast Begins At Dawn is the debut album of Dutch thrash metal band Dead Head. It was recorded at Franky's Recording Kitchen, Nieuwleusen, the Netherlands from March 6 through July 1991 and released by Bad Taste Recordings.
Bayes correlated equilibrium
In game theory, a Bayes correlated equilibrium is a solution concept for static games of incomplete information. It is both a generalization of the correlated equilibrium perfect-information solution concept to bayesian games, and also a broader solution concept than the usual Bayesian Nash equilibrium thereof. Additionally, it can be seen as a generalized multi-player solution of the Bayesian persuasion information design problem.

Intuitively, a Bayes correlated equilibrium allows for players to correlate their actions in such a way that no player has an incentive to deviate for every possible type they may have. It was first proposed by Dirk Bergemann and Stephen Morris.

Solution concept
In game theory, a solution concept is a formal rule for predicting how a game will be played. These predictions are called "solutions", and describe which strategies will be adopted by players and, therefore, the result of the game. The most commonly used solution concepts are equilibrium concepts, most famously Nash equilibrium.

Many solution concepts, for many games, will result in more than one solution. This puts any one of the solutions in doubt, so a game theorist may apply a refinement to narrow down the solutions. Each successive solution concept presented in the following improves on its predecessor by eliminating implausible equilibria in richer games.
Industrieverband Fahrzeugbau
Industrieverband Fahrzeugbau (lit. 'Industrial Association for Vehicle Construction'), usually abbreviated as IFA, was a conglomerate and a union of companies for vehicle construction in the former East Germany.

IFA produced bicycles, motorcycles, light commercial vehicles, automobiles, tractors, vans and heavy trucks. All East German vehicle manufacturers were part of the IFA, including Barkas, EMW (which made Wartburg cars), IWL, MZ, Multicar, Robur, Sachsenring (which made Trabant cars) and Simson.

HQM Sachsenring GmbH
HQM Sachsenring GmbH is a Zwickau-based company that supplies chassis and body parts to the automotive industry. The company was named after the Sachsenring race track. Founded as VEB Sachsenring after the end of World War II, and operating out of the former Auto Union factory in Zwickau, Sachsenring was one of the few manufacturers of vehicles in East Germany, its best known product being the Trabant, produced between 1957 and 1991. Following the reunification of Germany in 1990, Sachsenring transitioned from a government-owned company under a centrally planned economy to a private corporation in a free market economy.

After three years in bankruptcy, Sachsenring AG  was purchased in February 2006, by Härterei und Qualitätsmanagement GmbH (HQM) of Leipzig. Formerly the dominant major automaker in East Germany, Sachsenring has since departed from making motor vehicles. Today, it supplies, among other things, the Volkswagen factory with parts for the Golf and Passat models.
Good Wife's Guide
The "Good Wife's Guide" is a magazine article rumored to have been published in the May 13, 1955 issue of Housekeeping Monthly, describing how a good wife should act, containing material that reflects a very different role assignment from contemporary American society. The text and supposed scan of the article have been widely circulated via email. Lack of confirming evidence has cast significant doubt on its origins.  The list is very similar to the advice written in the book, 'Fascinating Womanhood' by Helen B. Andelin, published in 1963.

Snopes
Snopes (/ˈsnoʊps/), formerly known as the Urban Legends Reference Pages, is a fact-checking website. It has been described as a "well-regarded reference for sorting out myths and rumors" on the Internet. The site has also been seen as a source for both validating and debunking urban legends and similar stories in American popular culture.
Boima Kamara
Boima Kamara is a Liberian politician. He was appointed as minister of finance in January 2024 by President Joseph Boakai. He resigned in July 2024.-

Kamara previously served as minister of finance from April 2016 to 2018. He was appointed by Ellen Johnson Sirleaf.

Kamara was born in Bomi County, Western Liberia. He is an economist and graduated from University of Liberia. Before 2016, he served as the deputy governor of the Central Bank of Liberia.

Joseph Boakai
Joseph Nyuma Boakai (born 30 November 1944) is a Liberian politician who has served as the 26th president of Liberia since 2024. He previously served as the 29th vice president of Liberia from 2006 to 2018, under President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf and as the minister of agriculture from 1983 to 1985. Boakai ran for president in 2017, losing the election to George Weah. He went on to defeat Weah in the 2023 election.
Paul Reid (footballer, born 1982)
Paul Mark Reid (born 18 February 1982) is an English former professional footballer who was previously Head of Youth Development and Academy Director at Sunderland before leaving the role on 30 June 2020.

He started his career with Carlisle United, where his performances in the 1999–2000 season won him a £1,000,000 move to Rangers. He never played a first-team game for Rangers, and instead spent time on loan at Preston North End and Northampton Town, before he was signed by Northampton for a £150,000 fee in June 2003. He was sold on to Barnsley for a fee of £200,000 in July 2004, and captained the club to promotion out of League One via the play-offs in 2006. He was frozen out of the first-team picture in the 2007–08 season, and was loaned out to Carlisle United before he signed with Colchester United in July 2008. In January 2011, he was sold to Scunthorpe United for a fee of around £150,000.

Martin Wilkinson
Martin Wilkinson is an English football manager.

He has managed the following clubs:

Peterborough United: 29 June 1982 – 1 February 1983

Íþróttabandalag Ísafjarðar: 1983

Carlisle United: 25 June 1999 – 10 May 2000

Northampton Town: 24 February 2003 – 29 September 2003
Shandarreh
Shandarreh (Persian: شندره; also known as Shandār) is a village in Gavork-e Sardasht Rural District, in the Central District of Sardasht County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 87, in 16 families.

Gavork-e Sardasht Rural District
Gavork-e Sardasht Rural District (Persian: دهستان گورك سردشت) is in Rabat District of Sardasht County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Si Sar. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Rabat.