hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Floating ground
A floating ground is a reference point for electrical potential in a circuit which is galvanically isolated from actual earth ground.

Most electrical circuits have a ground which is electrically connected to the Earth, hence the name "ground". The ground is said to be floating when this connection does not exist.

Conductors are also described as having a floating voltage if they are not connected electrically to another non-floating (grounded) conductor. Without such a connection, voltages and current flows are induced by electromagnetic fields or charge accumulation within the conductor rather than being due to the usual external potential difference of a power source.

Galvanic isolation
Galvanic isolation is a principle of isolating functional sections of electrical systems to prevent current flow; no direct conduction path is permitted.

Energy or information can still be exchanged between the sections by other means, such as capacitive, inductive, radiative, optical, acoustic, or mechanical coupling.

Galvanic isolation is used where two or more electric circuits must communicate, but their grounds may be at different potentials. It is an effective method of breaking ground loops by preventing unwanted current from flowing between two units sharing a ground conductor. Galvanic isolation is also used for safety, preventing accidental electric shocks.
Lina Magull
Lina Marie Magull (born 15 August 1994) is a German professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Serie A club Inter Milan. She represented the Germany national team until 2024, scoring 22 goals in 77 caps.

2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup
The 2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup was the 6th edition of the tournament. The tournament was played in Japan from 19 August to 8 September with sixteen national football teams and marked the first hosting of a FIFA women's tournament in the country.

The host nation was to be decided on 19 March 2010 but was postponed by FIFA to give bidders more time to prepare their bids.

On 3 March 2011, FIFA initially awarded the World Cup to Uzbekistan. However, on 18 December 2011 FIFA had the tournament stripped from this country for problems with the bid and named Japan as a possible host. Japan was officially announced as host on 8 February 2012.
Yagyū Shume
Yagyū Shume was a Korean-born retainer who served the Yagyū clan. Few records discuss his activity as a samurai. However, he is known as a central figure of the feud of Yagyū clan between Yagyū domain line from Yagyū Munenori and Owari domain line from Yagyū Toshitoshi.

Yagyū Munenori
Yagyū Munenori (柳生 宗矩; 1571 – May 11, 1646) was a Japanese daimyō, swordsman, and martial arts writer. He founded the Edo branch of Yagyū Shinkage-ryū, which he learned from his father Yagyū "Sekishūsai" Munetoshi, and was one of two official sword styles patronized by the Tokugawa shogunate (the other one being Ittō-ryū).

Munenori began his career in the Tokugawa shogunate as a hatamoto, a direct retainer of the Tokugawa house, and later had his income raised to 10,000 koku, making him a minor fudai daimyō (vassal lord serving the Tokugawa), with landholdings around his ancestral village of Yagyū-zato. He also received the title of Tajima no Kami (但馬守).
Mobolla
Mobolla (Ancient Greek: Μοβωλλα) was a town of ancient Caria, in the Rhodian Peraia. The name is not attested in history, but is derived from epigraphic and other evidence.

Its site is occupied by the modern town of Muğla, Asiatic Turkey.

Caria
Caria (/ˈkɛəriə/; from Greek: Καρία, Karia; Turkish: Karya) was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The Carians were described by Herodotus as being Anatolian mainlanders and they called themselves Caria because of the name of their king. He reports the Carians themselves maintained that they were Anatolian mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians. The Carians spoke Carian, a native Anatolian language closely related to Luwian. Also closely associated with the Carians were the Leleges, which could be an earlier name for Carians.
Texas barrier islands
The Texas barrier islands are a chain of barrier islands in the Gulf of Mexico along the Texas Gulf Coast. The islands enclose a series of estuaries along the Texas coast and attract tourists for activities such as recreational fishing and dolphin watching. The seven barrier islands, listed from northeast to southwest, are Galveston Island, Follet's Island, Matagorda Island, San José Island, Mustang Island, Padre Island, and Brazos Island.

Padre Island is the world's largest barrier island, with a length of 113 miles (182 km). Since 1962 Padre Island has been divided in two by the dredging of the Port Mansfield Channel roughly 30 miles (48 km) north of the south end of the island, which separated it into portions referred to as South Padre Island and North Padre Island.

Brazos Island
Brazos Island, also known as Brazos Santiago Island, is a barrier island on the Gulf Coast of Texas in the United States, south of the town of South Padre Island and north of the city of Starbase. The island is located in Cameron County.

Brazos Santiago Pass partitions the barrier islands of Brazos Island and Padre Island in the Lower Rio Grande Valley.
Johnnie Armstrong
Johnnie Armstrong or Johnie Armstrong was a Scottish raider and folk-hero. Johnnie Armstrong of Gilnockie was captured and hanged by King James V in July 1530. He is related to the Baird family. Child ballad number 169 tells of his life.

Child Ballads
The Child Ballads are 305 traditional ballads from England and Scotland, and their American variants, anthologized by Francis James Child during the second half of the 19th century. Their lyrics and Child's studies of them were published as The English and Scottish Popular Ballads. The tunes of most of the ballads were collected and published by Bertrand Harris Bronson in and around the 1960s.
Transmission control unit
A transmission control unit (TCU), also known as a transmission control module (TCM), or a gearbox control unit (GCU), is a type of automotive ECU that is used to control electronic automatic transmissions. Similar systems are used in conjunction with various semi-automatic transmissions, purely for clutch automation and actuation. A TCU in a modern automatic transmission generally uses sensors from the vehicle, as well as data provided by the engine control unit (ECU), to calculate how and when to change gears in the vehicle for optimum performance, fuel economy and shift quality.

Electronic throttle control
Electronic throttle control (ETC) is an automotive technology that uses electronics to replace the traditional mechanical linkages between the driver's input such as a foot pedal to the vehicle's throttle mechanism which regulates speed or acceleration. This concept is often called drive by wire, and sometimes called accelerate-by-wire or throttle-by-wire.
Dermod MacCarthy
Dermod de la Chevallerie MacCarthy FRCP (15 March 1911 – 12 July 1986) was a British paediatrician, notable for establishing a paediatric unit at Stoke Mandeville Hospital and conducting research into common disturbances in childhood and growth in deprived children. He was most notable for his work to encourage mothers to be with their children when in hospitals.

James Robertson (psychoanalyst)
James Robertson (1911–1988) was a psychiatric social worker, psychoanalyst and filmmaker who based at the Tavistock Clinic and Institute, London from 1948 until 1976.

John Bowlby said of him, "(He) was a remarkable person who achieved great things. His sensitive observations and brilliant observations made history, and the courage with which he disseminated – often in the face of ignorant and prejudiced criticism – what were then very unpopular findings, was legendary.  He will always be remembered as the man who revolutionised children's hospitals, though he accomplished much else besides.  I am personally deeply grateful for all that he did."
Bruceton Mills, West Virginia
Bruceton Mills is a town in northern Preston County, West Virginia, United States, along Big Sandy Creek. The population was 64 at the 2020 census, making it the second-least populous town in West Virginia, after Thurmond.

Thurmond, West Virginia
Thurmond is a town in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States, on the New River. The population was recorded as 5 in the 2020 census. During the heyday of coal mining in the New River Gorge, Thurmond was a prosperous town with a number of businesses and facilities for the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway.

Most of Thurmond is owned by the National Park Service for the New River Gorge National Park and Preserve. The C&O passenger railway depot in town was renovated in 1995 and now functions as a  Park Service visitor center. The entire town is a designated historic district on the National Register of Historic Places.

Thurmond is the least-populous municipality in West Virginia. During the city elections on June 14, 2005, six of the city's seven residents sought elected office.
Memo posting
Memo-posting is a banking practice used in traditional batch processing systems where temporary credit or debit entries are made to an account before the final balance update occurs during end-of-day (EOD) processing. The temporary entry created during memo-posting is reversed once the actual transaction is posted during batch processing. Some modern banking systems implement real-time posting.

Examples:

When a customer receives a same-day electronic credit, the actual transaction will be processed during EOD batch posting. To provide immediate access to the funds, the bank creates a temporary memo credit that increases the available balance. Later, this entry will be removed as part of the EOD batch process.

While ATM withdrawals are officially recorded during EOD batch processing, the withdrawal amount is memo-posted immediately as a debit to prevent account overdrafts before final processing.

Bank account
A bank account is a financial account maintained by a bank or other financial institution  in which the financial transactions between the bank and a customer are recorded. Each financial institution sets the terms and conditions for each type of account it offers, which are classified in commonly understood types, such as deposit accounts, credit card accounts, current accounts, loan accounts or many other types of account. A customer may have more than one account. Once an account is opened, funds entrusted by the customer to the financial institution on deposit are recorded in the account designated by the customer. Funds can be withdrawn from the accounts in accordance with their terms and conditions.

The financial transactions which have occurred on a bank account within a given period of time are reported to the customer on a bank statement, and the balance of the accounts of a customer at any point in time represents their financial position with the institution.
Mike Grundy
Michael Grundy (born 1 March 1987) is an English professional mixed martial artist and wrestler who competed in the Featherweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). He is now signed to Global Fight League (GFL) where he competes in the Featherweight division. During his wrestling career, Grundy notably claimed a bronze medal at the 2014 Commonwealth Games.

Featherweight (MMA)
The featherweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's featherweight division, which groups competitors within 136–145 lb (61.7-65.8 kg)

The Shooto's featherweight division, which limits competitors to 135 lb (61.2 kg)

The ONE Championship's featherweight division, with upper limit at 70.3 kg (155.0 lb)

The Road FC's featherweight division, with upper limit at 145 lb (65.5 kg)
UFO conspiracy theories
Some conspiracy theories argue that various governments and politicians globally, in particular the United States government, are suppressing evidence that unidentified flying objects (UFO) are controlled by an extraterrestrial or "non-human" intelligence, or built using alien technology. Since the 1980s, such conspiracy theories often argue that world governments are in communication or cooperation with extraterrestrials, and some claim that the governments are explicitly allowing cattle mutilation and alien abduction.

According to the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry, little or no evidence exists to support them despite significant research on the subject by non-governmental scientific agencies.

Michigan "swamp gas" UFO reports
The Michigan "swamp gas" UFO reports were two mass sightings of unidentified flying objects during the nights of March 20 and 21, 1966, in Michigan, United States. The first occurred around marshland near Dexter, while the second mass-sighting took place near the campus arboretum of Hillsdale College, about 50 miles away. The sightings took place amid a wave (or 'flap') of UFO reports throughout southern Michigan. After the reports were attributed to swamp gas by Air Force civilian investigator J. Allen Hynek, the explanation was widely derided. US congressman Gerald Ford called for a formal Congressional investigation into the sightings.
Ngarango Otainui Island
Ngarango Otainui Island is an island that was last privately owned by Arzan Hajee and Arif Hajee. It is situated in the Manukau Harbour in Auckland, New Zealand. The Island is 5 km from the Auckland Airport and 10 km from Auckland CBD (as the crow flies). It can be visible from One Tree Hill. The land area is approximately 3288 square meters when it was last surveyed and sold off in the 1960s but is profoundly smaller than this in the 21st century due to storm surge and erosion. This was one of the smallest privately owned Islands in New Zealand. The New Zealand Transport Agency bought the island in 2017 as part of the now scrapped plans for the controversial East-West Motorway link

The island, traditionally known as Ngā Rango e Rua o Tainui, is known as the final resting place of the skids which were used to transport the Tainui migratory canoe across Te Tō Waka, the Ōtāhuhu portage.

Ōtāhuhu
Ōtāhuhu is a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand – 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) to the southeast of the CBD, on a narrow isthmus between an arm of the Manukau Harbour to the west and the Tāmaki River estuary to the east. The Auckland isthmus is the narrowest connection between the North Auckland Peninsula and the rest of the North Island, being only some 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) wide at its narrowest point, between the Ōtāhuhu Creek and the Māngere Inlet. As the southernmost suburb of the former Auckland City, it is considered part of South Auckland.

The suburb's name is taken from the Māori-language name of the volcanic cone known as Ōtāhuhu / Mount Richmond. The name refers to "the place of Tāhuhu" — the eponymous ancestor, Tāhuhu-nui-a-Rangi, of Ngāi Tāhuhu.
Kalkaman
Kalkaman (Kazakh: Қалқаман) is a village in the Aksu City Administration, Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan. It is the center of Kalkaman Rural District (KATO code - 551655100). Population: 3,145 (2009 census results); 4,286 (1999 census results).

Aksu City Administration
Aksu City Administration (Kazakh: Ақсу қалалық әкімдігі) is an administrative division of Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the division is the city of Aksu. It borders with the Ekibastuz City Administration in the West.
Nylon-eating bacteria
Paenarthrobacter ureafaciens KI72, popularly known as nylon-eating bacteria, is a strain of Paenarthrobacter ureafaciens that can digest certain by-products of nylon 6 manufacture. It uses a set of enzymes to digest nylon, popularly known as nylonase.

Aminocaproic acid
Aminocaproic acid (also known as ε-aminocaproic acid, ε-Ahx, or 6-aminohexanoic acid) is a derivative and analogue of the amino acid lysine, which makes it an effective inhibitor for enzymes that bind that particular residue. Such enzymes include proteolytic enzymes like plasmin, the enzyme responsible for fibrinolysis. For this reason it is effective in treatment of certain bleeding disorders, and it is sold under the brand name Amicar. Aminocaproic acid is also an intermediate in the polymerization of Nylon-6, where it is formed by ring-opening hydrolysis of caprolactam. The crystal structure determination showed that the 6-aminohexanoic acid is present as a salt, at least in the solid state.
Intermediate-mass black hole
An intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) is a class of black hole with mass in the range of one hundred to one hundred thousand (102–105) solar masses: significantly higher than stellar black holes but lower than the hundred thousand to more than one billion (105–109) solar mass supermassive black holes. Several IMBH candidate objects have been discovered in the Milky Way galaxy and others nearby, based on indirect gas cloud velocity and accretion disk spectra observations of various evidentiary strength.

Accretion (astrophysics)
In astrophysics, accretion is the accumulation of particles into a massive object by gravitationally attracting more matter, typically gaseous matter, into an accretion disk. Most astronomical objects, such as galaxies, stars, and planets, are formed by accretion processes.
Seven collegiate churches of Liège
The seven collegiate churches of Liège (French: sept collégiales de Liège) were a group of 10th- and early-11th-century foundations in the city of Liège. Each of these collegiate churches was a privileged corporation within the city, with its own precincts and rights, while until the Liège Revolution of 1789 the canons collectively had a key corporate status in the First Estate of the prince-bishopric of Liège as the "secondary clergy", alongside the "primary clergy" belonging to the chapter of Saint Lambert's Cathedral.

By the 18th century, each of the collegiate chapters had 30 canons, all of whom were required to be graduates in Theology or Canon Law. Each chapter had its own provost, dean, cantor, scholaster and treasurer.

The seven churches were:

Saint Lambert's Cathedral, Liège
St. Lambert's Cathedral (or in full, the Cathedral of Our Lady and St. Lambert; French: Cathédrale Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Lambert) was the Roman Catholic cathedral of Liège, modern-day Belgium, until 1794, when its destruction began. This enormous Gothic cathedral, dedicated to Saint Lambert of Maastricht, occupied the site of the present Place Saint-Lambert in the centre of Liège.
Spinellus fusiger
Spinellus fusiger, commonly known as bonnet mold, is a species of fungus in the phylum Mucoromycota. It is a pin mold that is characterized by erect sporangiophores (specialized hyphae that bear a sporangium) that are simple in structure, brown or yellowish-brown in color, and with branched aerial filaments that bear the zygospores. It grows as a parasitic mold on mushrooms, including several species from the genera Mycena, including M. haematopus, M. pura, M. epipterygia, M. leptocephala, and various Collybia species, such as C. alkalivirens, C. luteifolia, C. dryophila, and C. butyracea. It has also been found growing on agaric species in Amanita, Gymnopus, and Hygrophorus.

Mucoromycotina
Mucoromycotina is a subphylum of uncertain placement in Fungi. It was considered part of the phylum Zygomycota, but recent phylogenetic studies have shown that it was polyphyletic and thus split into several groups, it is now thought to be a paraphyletic grouping. Mucoromycotina is currently composed of 3 orders, 61 genera, and 325 species. Some common characteristics seen throughout the species include: development of coenocytic mycelium, saprotrophic lifestyles, and filamentous.

With the treatment of Tedersoo et al. 2018, Mucoromycotina is the only subphylum under Mucoromycota. It includes a diverse group of various molds, including the common bread molds Mucor and Rhizopus. The other treatment of Mucoromycota is equivalent to current Mucoromyceta.
Pratápolis
Pratápolis is a Brazilian municipality located in the southwest of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2020 was 8,566 people living in a total area of 214 km2 (83 sq mi). The city belongs to the meso-region of Sul e Sudoeste de Minas and to the micro-region of Passos.  It became a municipality in 1943.

Poços de Caldas
Poços de Caldas is a municipality in the south of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, in the microregion of the same name. Its estimated population in 2020 was 168,641 inhabitants. The city is known for its hot springs.
Sabur-e Bozorg
Sabur-e Bozorg (Persian: صبوربزرگ, also Romanized as Şabūr-e Bozorg) is a village in Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District, Charusa District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 200, in 34 families.

Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District
Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Sharqi Rural District (Persian: دهستان طيبي سرحدئ شرقي) is in Charusa District of Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Javardeh.
2006 NCAA Division II football season
The 2006 NCAA Division II football season, part of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association at the Division II level, began on September 2, 2006, and concluded with the NCAA Division II Football Championship on December 16, 2006, at Braly Municipal Stadium in Florence, Alabama, hosted by the University of North Alabama.

Grand Valley State defeated Northwest Missouri State in the championship game, 17–14, to win their fourth Division II national title.

The Harlon Hill Trophy was awarded to Danny Woodhead, running back from Chadron State.

Chadron State Eagles
The Chadron State Eagles are the athletic teams that represent Chadron State College, located in Chadron, Nebraska, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Eagles compete as members of the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference for all 14 varsity sports.
Lego Loco
Lego Loco is a Lego-branded simulation game for Microsoft Windows, released in November 1998. It is a simple open-ended construction game with an emphasis on rail transport. The aim of the game is to construct a town in which Lego minifigures can live. This was the first game released by Lego Media, the publishing division of The Lego Group that was founded after the commercial success of Mindscape's Lego Island.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.