hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calcichordate hypothesis
The calcichordate hypothesis, formulated by British Museum paleontologist Richard Jefferies, holds that each separate lineage of chordate (Cephalochordates, Urochordates, Craniates) evolved from its own lineage of mitrate, and thus the echinoderms and the chordates are sister groups, with the hemichordates as an out-group.  It has been disproven by the discovery that the "tail" of Stylophorans contains a water vascular system, ambulacrum, and tube feet.  However, the clade Olfactores was first proposed as part of the calcichordate theory, and has since been validated through genetic sequencing, albeit without the involvement of mitrates.

Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor.

In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology.

Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals, such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals.
1996 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship
The 1996 Unitel Canadian Mixed Curling Championship was held January 6-14 at the Charlottetown Curling Club in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island.

Saskatchewan, skipped by Randy Bryden defeated Ontario, skipped by Rich Moffatt in the final. The game went into an extra end, where Moffatt was heavy with his final shot, giving Saskatchewan the win. The Saskatchewan rink also consisted of Cathy Trowell, Bryden's brother Russ and Trowell's sister, Karen Inglis. It was the province's first championship since 1984, and eighth in total.

Canadian Mixed Curling Championship
The Canadian Mixed Curling Championship is the national curling championship for mixed curling in Canada. The winners of the tournament represent Canada at the World Mixed Curling Championship.

In mixed curling, the positions on a team must alternate between men and women. If a man throws last rocks, which is usually the case, the women must throw lead rocks and third rocks, while the other male member of the team throws second rocks. In 2004, Shannon Kleibrink became the only woman to skip a team and win a Canadian Mixed championship.
2021 Birmingham Bowl
The 2021 Birmingham Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 28, 2021, with kickoff at 12:00 p.m. EST (11:00 a.m. local CST) and televised on ESPN. It was the 15th edition of the Birmingham Bowl (after the 2020 edition was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic), and was one of the 2021–22 bowl games concluding the 2021 FBS football season. Sponsored by the TicketSmarter ticket sales company, the game was officially known as the TicketSmarter Birmingham Bowl. This was the first edition of the bowl played at Protective Stadium.

2021–22 NCAA football bowl games
The 2021–22 NCAA football bowl games were a series of college football games scheduled to complete the 2021 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The main games concluded with the 2022 College Football Playoff National Championship played on January 10, 2022, while the all-star portion of the schedule concluded February 19, 2022.
Dominikonų Street, Vilnius
Dominikonų Street (literally, "Dominican Street"; Lithuanian: Dominikonų gatvė) is one of the oldest and central streets in the Vilnius Old Town, connecting Trakų Street and Šv. Jono Street.

Notable landmarks are situated in once one of the most ornate Vilnius' streets, including Dominican Church of the Holy Spirit, Sanctuary of the Divine Mercy and historical palaces of Lithuanian nobility.

Dominican Church of the Holy Spirit
Dominican Church of the Holy Spirit, Vilnius  (Dominikonų St. 8) is a church in Vilnius, Lithuania, a monument of high and late Baroque. Crowned with a cupola, it stands out in the panorama of the old town and can be seen from surrounding streets.
Tsimanava rural council
Tsimanava rural council  (Belarusian: Ціманаўскі сельсавет, Russian: Тимоновский сельсовет) is a lower-level subdivision (selsoviet) of Klimavichy district, Mogilev region, Belarus. According to the 2019 Belarus census, its population was 2,065.

Klimavichy district
Klimavichy district or Klimavičy district (Belarusian: Клімавіцкі раён; Russian: Климовичский район, romanized: Klimovichsky rayon) is a district (raion) of Mogilev region in Belarus. The administrative center is the town of Klimavichy. As of 2009, its population was 28,523. The population of Klimavichy accounts for 59.8% of the district's population.
The Arzner
The Arzner is a dedicated LGBT-friendly independent cinema and bar in Bermondsey Square, London. It was founded by Simon Burke and Piers Greenlees in 2025 with the aim of creating a cinema dedicated to queer cinema. It occupies the premises of the former Kino Bermondsey.

The seventh London Fetish Film Festival is scheduled to be shown at The Arzner in February 2026.

New queer cinema
"New queer cinema" is a term first coined by the academic B. Ruby Rich in Sight & Sound magazine in 1992 to define and describe a movement in queer-themed independent filmmaking in the early 1990s.

It is also referred to as the "queer new wave".
Veterans Memorial Park (Bay City, Michigan)
Veterans Memorial Park is the central park of Bay County, Michigan. The park, approximately 97 acres (39 ha), is located along the west bank of the Saginaw River in Bay City, Michigan, United States. Across the river is another city park, Wenonah Park.

Saginaw River
The Saginaw River is a 22.4-mile-long (36.0 km) river in the U.S. state of Michigan.  It is formed by the confluence of the Tittabawassee and Shiawassee rivers southwest of Saginaw. It flows northward into the Saginaw Bay of Lake Huron, passing through the cities of Saginaw and Bay City, both of which developed around it in the 19th century. The watershed area is 8,595 square miles (22,260 km2). At its mouth, the river's estimated average discharge is 4,827 cubic feet per second (136.7 m3/s).

The river is an important shipping route for Mid-Michigan, passing through the cities of Saginaw and Bay City. It is one of Michigan's few inland navigable rivers. The Saginaw River Rear Range Light, one of a pair of lighthouses built in 1876 to improve navigation, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. Since the turn of the 21st century, it is being renovated.
La casa de los famosos México season 2
The second season of the Mexican reality television series La casa de los famosos México premiered on 21 July 2024, with a live move-in on Las Estrellas. The show follows a group of celebrities who live together in a house while being constantly filmed with no communication with the outside world as they compete to win the cash grand prize.

The season was announced on 18 October 2023. Galilea Montijo, Diego de Erice and Odalys Ramírez returned as co-hosts of the series. The panelists for Sunday episodes were season one housemate Sofia Rivera Torres, alongside Cynthia Urías, René Franco and Juan Carlos Nava.

The season concluded on 29 September 2024, after 71 days of competition with Mario Bezares being crowned the winner, and Karime Pindter the runner-up.

La casa de los famosos México season 1
The first season of the Mexican reality television series La casa de los famosos México premiered on 4 June 2023, with a live move-in on Las Estrellas. The show follows a group of celebrities who live together in a house while being constantly filmed with no communication with the outside world as they compete to win the grand prize of $4,000,000. The season is hosted by Galilea Montijo, Diego de Erice and Odalys Ramírez.

The season concluded on 13 August 2023, after 71 days of competition with Wendy Guevara being crowned the winner, and Nicola Porcella the runner-up.
2014 Euroleague Final Four
The 2014 Euroleague Final Four was the concluding EuroLeague Final Four tournament of the 2013–14 Euroleague basketball season. It was held from 16 to 18 May 2014. All of the games were played at the Mediolanum Forum, in Milan.  Maccabi Electra Tel Aviv upset CSKA Moscow, 68–67, in the first semifinal, while Real Madrid dominated FC Barcelona, 100–62, in the second semifinal.  In the final, Maccabi upset highly favored Real, by a score of 98–86, in the tournament's first overtime final since 1969.  The win gave Maccabi their sixth EuroLeague title.

EuroLeague Championship Game
The EuroLeague Championship Game is the championship basketball final of the EuroLeague competition. The EuroLeague is the highest level tier, and most important professional competition of club basketball in Europe. Over the years, the EuroLeague's Championship Game, has also previously been known as the EuroLeague Final, the EuroLeague Finals, the EuroLeague Grand Final, and the EuroLeague Grand Finale.

Real Madrid have won the EuroLeague championship on 11 occasions, more than any other club, with its most recent victory coming in 2023. Fenerbahçe of Istanbul, is the current holder of the EuroLeague championship, as of 2025.
Ceredigion League
The Ceredigion League (known as The Costcutter Ceredigion League for sponsorship purposes) is a Welsh football league for the county of Ceredigion.  It is at the fifth to seventh levels of the Welsh football league system.  It was founded in 1921 as the Cardiganshire League in Lampeter. The eleven founding teams were Aberaeron, Aberystwyth Battery, Conservative FC, College Reserves, Drefach, Lampeter, Llandysul, Llanybydder, Newcastle Emlyn, Padarn United and Parish Hall United.  Newcastle Emlyn withdrew from the league without playing games.

Aberystwyth University F.C.
Aberystwyth University Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed Prifysgol Aberystwyth) is a football club based in Aberystwyth, Wales. They last played in the  Central Wales Football League but withdrew ahead of the 2025–26 season.

The club represent the Students Union of Aberystwyth University – the Aberystwyth Guild of Students.

The club's crest are those of the university. The home colours are Red shirts with black shorts and red socks.

The club enjoys friendly rivalries with fellow town-dwellers Penparcau F.C., Bow Street F.C. of Rhydypennau, and Aberystwyth Town who play in the Welsh Premier League.
2018–19 Pakistan Premier League
The 2018–19 Pakistan Premier League was the 61st season of Pakistan domestic football and the 12th season of the Pakistan Premier League. It was the first edition of the league to be played since the 2014–15 season.

The league was reportedly not recognised by FIFA and AFC, as it was organised by two different federations. Faisal Saleh Hayat controversially-led Pakistan Football Federation, which was internationally recognised, started the league and non-FIFA recognised Ashfaq Hussain Shah group, who was elected PFF president in an election ordered by the Supreme Court a month before the termination of the season completed the event.

SSGC FC
Sui Southern Gas Company Football Club, commonly known as SSGC or Sui Southern Gas, served as the football section of Sui Southern Gas Company. The club used to compete in the Pakistan Premier League.

Based in Karachi, they played their home games at the Korangi Baloch Stadium.
HMS Greenwich (1666)
HMS Greenwich was a 54-gun fourth-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Christopher Pett at Woolwich Dockyard and launched in 1666.

Greenwich was rebuilt at Portsmouth Dockyard in 1699 as a fourth-rate of 46-54 guns. She fought at the action of August 1702 as part of a squadron under Admiral John Benbow, but hung back from the engagement. As a result, her Captain Cooper Wade was tried and convicted of cowardice and shot. On 16 April 1724 she was ordered to be taken to pieces at Chatham, and rebuilt as a 50-gun fourth-rate to the dimensions of the 1719 Establishment, relaunching on 15 February 1730.

On 20 October 1744, whilst preparing to come alongside the hulk HMS Lark, they were struck by hurricane-force winds which caused severe damage to both vessels, which subsequently sank. From Greenwich, Captain Allen and 85 others were drowned. His Majesty's ships St Albans, Bonetta and Thunder were also lost in this incident.

HMS St Albans (1706)
HMS St Albans was a 50-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Rotherhithe and launched on 10 December 1706.

St Albans underwent her first rebuild at Plymouth Dockyard, where she was reconstructed to the dimensions laid out in the 1706 Establishment, and relaunched on 6 March 1718. On 10 September 1734 orders were issued for her to be taken to pieces and rebuilt for a second time at Plymouth, though on this occasion according to the 1733 proposals of the 1719 Establishment. She was relaunched on 30 August 1737.

St Albans was wrecked in 1744.
National Anti-Poverty Commission
The National Anti-Poverty Commission (NAPC) is a government agency of the Republic of the Philippines. It coordinates poverty reduction programs by national and local governments and ensures that marginalized sectors participate in government decision-making processes.

NAPC was created by virtue of Republic Act 8425, otherwise known as the "Social Reform and Poverty Alleviation Act," which took effect on June 30, 1998.

NAPC is one of the 12 agencies, formerly from the Office of the President which was placed under the supervision of the Cabinet Secretary, based on Executive Order No. 1 issued by President Rodrigo Duterte on July 4, 2016.

On October 31, 2018, through Executive Order No. 67, the Commission along with the Presidential Commission for the Urban Poor and the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples were transferred from the supervision of the Office of the Cabinet Secretary to the Department of Social Welfare and Development.

National Commission on Indigenous Peoples
The National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) is the agency of the national government of the Philippines that is responsible for protecting the rights of the indigenous peoples of the Philippines. The commission is composed of seven commissioners. It is attached to the Department of Social Welfare and Development.

The NCIP is tasked with accrediting indigenous people's organizations and with the processing and issuing of Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title and Certificate of Ancestral Land Title.
Marie-Jeanne Lamartinière
Marie-Jeanne Lamartinière (fl. 1802) was a Haitian revolutionary, soldier, and nurse. Described as a Mulatto, she was raised on a plantation in Port-au-Prince. Marie-Jeanne received formal education before marrying Louis Daure Lamartinière, an officer of the Armée Indigène. In 1802, she fought alongside him and his army against French forces in the Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot. Her attire and weaponry were noted, and she was described as courageous. After a bombardment by the French, Marie-Jeanne retreated with Louis and his army, and after his death, she had relationships with two other army officers. Though little is known about Lamartinière, she is popular across Haiti and was printed on a postage stamp and coin.

Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau
Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau (July 5, 1905 –1970) was a pioneering Haitian sociologist and educator. In 1934, she was one of the principal founders of the Ligue Féminine d'Action Sociale (Women's Social Action League), the first feminist organization registered in Haiti.
Brunswick Cathedral
Brunswick Cathedral (German: Dom St. Blasii (et Johannis), lit. in English: Collegiate Church of Ss. Blaise and John the Baptist) is a large Lutheran church in the City of Braunschweig (Brunswick), Germany.

The church is termed Dom, in German a synecdoche - pars pro toto - used for cathedrals and collegiate churches alike, and much like the Italian duomo. It is currently owned and used by a congregation of the Lutheran Church in Brunswick.

Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Otto IV (1175 – 19 May 1218) was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1209 until his death in 1218.

Otto spent most of his early life in England and France. He was a follower of his uncle Richard the Lionheart, who made him Count of Poitou in 1196. With Richard's support, he was elected King of Germany by one faction in a disputed election in 1198, sparking ten years of civil war. The death of his rival, Philip of Swabia, in 1208 left him sole king of Germany.

In 1209, Otto marched to Italy to be crowned emperor by Pope Innocent III. In 1210, he sought to unite the Kingdom of Sicily with the Empire, breaking with Innocent, who excommunicated him. He allied with England against France and participated in the alliance's defeat at Bouvines in 1214. He was abandoned by most of his supporters in 1215 and lived the rest of his life in retirement on his estates near Brunswick. He was the only German king of the Welf dynasty.
Samaná Province
Samaná (Spanish pronunciation: [samaˈna]) is a province of the Dominican Republic in the Samaná Peninsula located in the eastern region. Its capital is Santa Bárbara de Samaná, usually known as Samaná.

The province is on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean in the northeastern part of the Dominican Republic. It is known for the mountains of which it is almost entirely formed. Samaná has numerous beaches.

Samaná was originally larger covering the area of what is now the María Trinidad Sánchez province, before being divided during the Trujillo era.

Samaná was also once known as the Samana Bay Company of Santo Domingo.

Provinces of the Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic is divided into 31 provinces (provincias), while the national capital, Santo Domingo, is contained within its own district.

The division of the country into provinces is laid down in the constitution (Title I, Section II, Article 5) and enacted by law. The latter is currently Law 5220 on the Territorial Division of the Dominican Republic (Ley No. 5220 sobre División Territorial de la República Dominicana), issued 1959 and frequently amended to create new provinces and lower-level administrative units.
Puniša Račić
Puniša Račić (Serbian Cyrillic: Пуниша Рачић; 12 July 1886 – 16 October 1944) was a Serb leader and People's Radical Party (NRS) politician. He assassinated Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) representatives Pavle Radić and Đuro Basariček and mortally wounded HSS leader Stjepan Radić in a shooting which took place on the floor of the Yugoslav parliament on 20 June 1928. He was tried and handed a 60-year sentence, which was immediately reduced to twenty years. He served most of his sentence under house arrest and was killed by the Yugoslav Partisans in October 1944.

Serbs of Montenegro
Serbs of Montenegro or Montenegrin Serbs, are a recognized ethnic minority in Montenegro. According to data from the 2023 census, the population of ethnic Serbs in Montenegro is 205,370, constituting 32.9% of the total population; they are the second-largest ethnic group in the country after Montenegrins.
Coinage of Luceria
Coinage of Luceria concerns the coins issued in Luceria, a city in Daunia (today's Lucera), after the Romans established a colony.

The city minted coins in the period between about 275 B.C. and the Second Punic War.

Roman coins were later minted in the city in two periods: 214-212 BC and in 211-208 BC.

Luceria's coins are part of the set of those issued by colonies and allies of Rome in ancient Apulia; after the Second Punic War Luceria, like most centers in now Roman Italy, no longer minted its own coins and adopted Roman coinage, centered on the denarius.

Traditionally numismatists treat the coins of Luceria as part of Greek coinage. Roman coins minted in Luceria, however, are considered Roman coins.

Denarius
The denarius (Latin: [deːˈnaːriʊs]; pl.: dēnāriī, Latin: [deːˈnaːriiː]) was the standard Roman silver coin from its introduction in the Second Punic War c. 211 BC to the reign of Gordian III (AD 238–244), when it was gradually replaced by the antoninianus. It continued to be minted in very small quantities, likely for ceremonial purposes, until and through the Tetrarchy (293–313).: 87

The word dēnārius is derived from the Latin dēnī "containing ten", as its value was originally of 10 assēs. The word for "money" descends from it in Italian (denaro), Slovene (denar), Portuguese (dinheiro), and Spanish (dinero). Its name also survives in the dinar currency.

Its symbol is represented in Unicode as 𐆖 (U+10196), a numeral monogram that appeared on the obverse in the Republican period, denoting the 10 asses ("X") to 1 denarius ("I") conversion rate.
Or So the Story Goes
Or So the Story Goes is a web series created by Melissa Malone. As a horror anthology, each season brings to life a classic children's tale with a dark, modern twist; including Little Red Riding Hood, Peter Pan, Hansel and Gretel, Rumplestiltskin, and Jack and the Beanstalk.

Young Artist Award
The Young Artist Award (originally known as the Youth in Film Award) is an accolade presented by the Young Artist Foundation, an American nonprofit organization founded in 1978 to honor excellence of youth performers, and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically disabled or financially unstable.

First presented in 1979, the Young Artist Awards was the first organization established to specifically recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 18 in the fields of film, television, theater, and music.

The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979, at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season.
Zoey Stark
Theresa Serrano (born January 25, 1994) is an American professional wrestler. She is signed to WWE, where she performs on the Raw brand under the ring name Zoey Stark. She is a former NXT Women's Tag Team Champion.

UCW-Zero Ultra-X Championship
The UCW-Zero Ultra-X Championship is the secondary singles title in Ultra Championship Wrestling-Zero. It was first won by Tristan Gallo in 2004 and has been defended throughout the state of Utah, most often in Salt Lake City, but also in the Rocky Mountains and the Southwest United States. The title was formerly recognized by AWA Superstars from 2005 to 2007, and then by the National Wrestling Alliance when the promotion became an NWA territory that same year.
Siemens Venture
Siemens Venture is a type of locomotive-hauled passenger railroad car built by Siemens Mobility for the North American market. The cars are derived from the Siemens Viaggio Comfort cars used in Europe, with adaptations for North American operations. The cars entered service with Brightline in 2018 and with Amtrak Midwest (services funded by Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, and Wisconsin) in 2022. They have also been ordered by Amtrak for national and other state-supported routes (including those in California, Washington, Oregon, New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Maine, Virginia, North Carolina, and Vermont), Via Rail, and Ontario Northland. The Venture cars will also be used on Amtrak’s Airo trainsets.

Quebec City–Windsor Corridor (Via Rail)
The Quebec City–Windsor Corridor (French: Ligne de Québec à Windsor), also known as Ontario-Québec or the Corridor, is a Via Rail passenger train service in the Canadian provinces of Quebec and Ontario. The Corridor service area has the heaviest passenger train frequency in Canada and contributes 81% of Via's revenue and 95% of Via ridership.