hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paphiopedilum
Paphiopedilum, often called the Venus slipper, is a genus of the lady slipper orchid subfamily Cypripedioideae of the flowering plant family Orchidaceae. The genus comprises some 80 accepted taxa including several natural hybrids. The genus is native to Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, southern China, New Guinea and the Solomon and Bismarck Islands. The type species of this genus is Paphiopedilum insigne.

The species and their hybrids are extensively cultivated, and are known as either paphiopedilums, or by the abbreviation paphs  in horticulture.

Due to their popularity, Paphiopedilums have been ruthlessly gathered and poached from the wild, making them very rare or extinct there. As soon as a new species or population is discovered, poachers will take the plants for orchid collectors who pay large sums of money. Habitat destruction is an additional factor contributing to their rarity.

Paphiopedilum malipoense
Paphiopedilum malipoense is a species of orchid commonly known as the jade slipper orchid. This hemicryptophyte plant starts blooming in the spring time and has one flower per inflorescence.  The plant grows in intermediate to cool conditions. Its flowers have a raspberry fragrance.
Period 3 element
A period 3 element is one of the chemical elements in the third row (or period) of the periodic table of the chemical elements. The periodic table is laid out in rows to illustrate recurring (periodic) trends in the chemical behavior of the elements as their atomic number increases: a new row is begun when chemical behavior begins to repeat, meaning that elements with similar behavior fall into the same vertical columns. The third period contains eight elements: sodium, magnesium, aluminium, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine and argon. The first two, sodium and magnesium, are members of the s-block of the periodic table, while the others are members of the p-block. All of the period 3 elements occur in nature and have at least one stable isotope.

Valence (chemistry)
In chemistry, the valence (US spelling) or valency (British spelling) of an atom is a measure of its combining capacity with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules. Valence is generally understood to be the number of chemical bonds that each atom of a given chemical element typically forms. Double bonds are considered to be two bonds, triple bonds to be three, quadruple bonds to be four, quintuple bonds to be five and sextuple bonds to be six. In most compounds, the valence of hydrogen is 1, of oxygen is 2, of nitrogen is 3, and of carbon is 4. Valence is not to be confused with the related concepts of the coordination number, the oxidation state, or the number of valence electrons for a given atom.
Coridius ianus
Coridius ianus, sometimes known as the red pumpkin bug, is a species of bug in the family Dinidoridae. It feeds by sucking on the sap on soft parts of plants, especially in the cucurbit family, and causes damage to crops.

Dinidoridae
Dinidoridae is a small family of hemipteran "true bugs" comprising about sixteen genera and a hundred species the Hemiptera suborder Heteroptera. As a group the family does not have any common name. Until the late 19th century they were generally regarded as a subfamily of Pentatomidae.
Puerto Rico Highway 162
Puerto Rico Highway 162 (PR-162) is a road that travels from Aibonito, Puerto Rico to Barranquitas. This highway begins at its intersection with PR-1 in Cuyón and ends at its junction with PR-156 in downtown Barranquitas.

Puerto Rico Highway 162 by municipality

Northbound sign in Aibonito

Southbound sign in Helechal, Barranquitas

Puerto Rico Highway 156
Puerto Rico Highway 156 (PR-156) is a long east–west highway which connects Caguas to Orocovis, passing through Aguas Buenas, Comerío and Barranquitas. This route extends from its junction with PR-1 in downtown Caguas to PR-5155 in downtown Orocovis.

Comerío to Barranquitas Road (currently PR-156)

Calle Betances (PR-156) in Caguas barrio-pueblo
L. M. Narducci
Lorenzo M. Narducci (25 May 1942 – 21 July 2006) was an Italian-American physicist known for his contributions to quantum optics and the study of laser instabilities, in particular. He was the author of more than 200 scientific papers and several books including Laser Physics and Laser Instabilities.  In addition to his research on the theory of laser instabilities he also contributed to the physics of emission and absorption in three-level systems, and frequency locking.

Narducci received his PhD from the University of Milan for research on optical coherence in quantum electrodynamics.  He served as editor of Optics Communications (1987-2006) and was member of the editorial board at Physical Review A.

Narducci was a Fellow of the Optical Society and among various awards, he received the 1991 Einstein Prize for Laser Science and the 1999  Willis E. Lamb Award for Laser Science and Quantum Optics.

Optica Fellow
The Optica Fellow is a membership designation of Optica (formerly known as The Optical Society (OSA)) that denotes distinguished scientific accomplishment. The bylaws of this society only allow 10% of its membership to be designated as an Optica Fellow. The Optica Fellow requires peer group nomination.
Transportes Aéreos da Índia Portuguesa
Transportes Aéreos da Índia Portuguesa (Air Transport of Portuguese India) or TAIP was an airline which operated from Portuguese India from 1955 to 1961. During this period, it functioned as the state airline of Portuguese India, which comprised Goa, Daman and Diu.

TAIP was created in 1955 as a public company linked to the General Government of the Portuguese India, initially named STAIP - Serviços de Transportes Aéreos da Índia Portuguesa (Air Transport Services of Portuguese India). The airline was commonly referred to by the acronym TAIP.

The main objective of the creation of TAIP was to counteract the blockade that India had imposed upon Portugal's territories next to India, as part of Nehru's efforts to annex them. The creation of TAIP was accompanied by the development of airport facilities of Goa, Daman and Diu to allow the operation of large aircraft, allowing air links with these territories without any use of Indian infrastructure.(MONTEIRO, 2008).

Douglas DC-6
The Douglas DC-6 is a piston-powered airliner and cargo aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company from 1946 to 1958. Originally intended as a military transport near the end of World War II, Douglas reworked it after the war to compete with the Lockheed Constellation in the long-range commercial transport market. Douglas built over 700, and many still fly in cargo, military, and wildfire control roles.

The DC-6 was known as the C-118 Liftmaster in United States Air Force service and as the R6D in United States Navy service before 1962, after which all U.S. Navy variants were also designated as the C-118.
Spark Foundry
Spark Foundry, established in 2017, is an advertising agency that provides media selection services. It is based in Chicago, with offices also in Detroit, New York City, Seattle, Los Angeles, San Francisco as well as other locations world wide. The agency currently has over 2,000 employees.

Spark Foundry, part of the Publicis Media operating system, is a subsidiary of Publicis Groupe, a Paris-based holding company which is the world's third largest communications group, the world's second largest media counsel and media buying group, and active in digital and healthcare communications.  Spark Foundry's sister agencies include Digitas, Starcom, Performics, and Zenith.

Digitas
Digitas Inc. is a global marketing and technology agency. Founded in 1980, the company specializes in digital and direct marketing services. Digitas is a subsidiary of the French multinational advertising and public relations company Publicis Groupe.
Fernie Alpine Resort
Fernie Alpine Resort is a ski resort, located on Lizard Range, near the town of Fernie, British Columbia in Canada. The resort also operates a mountain bike park, hiking, guided hikes, and sightseeing in the summer months.

The resort has 10 lifts servicing 142 named runs, 5 alpine bowls, and tree skiing with a vertical drop of 1,082 meters (3,550 ft). The resort has over 10.1 square kilometres (2,500 acres) of skiable terrain. The average annual snowfall is 875 centimetres (28.71 ft).

Fernie Alpine Resort is owned by the Resorts of the Canadian Rockies, which also owns ski areas Kimberley Alpine Resort, Kicking Horse Resort, Nakiska, Mont Sainte-Anne, and Stoneham.

Kimberley Alpine Resort
Kimberley Alpine Resort is a ski resort in southwestern Canada, located in Kimberley, British Columbia.

In the Purcell Mountains on the northeast face of North Star Hill, Kimberley's vertical drop is 751 m (2,464 ft) with a summit elevation of 1,982 m (6,503 ft) above sea level. The ski season commonly starts in mid-December and runs until early April.

The resort maintains 80 runs (with 20% beginner, 42% intermediate, and 38% advanced trails) and five lifts: a high-speed quad chairlift (the North Star Express), a triple chair (the Easter), a double chair (the Tamarack), a T-bar (the Owl) and a magic carpet, leading to an hourly lift capacity of 6,452.

The ski area opened in 1948 as North Star with a 245-metre-long (800 ft) rope tow; a T-bar installed a decade later was over 1.8 km (1.1 mi) in length, vertically climbing 460 m (1,500 ft) in eleven minutes.

The ski resort is operated by Resorts of the Canadian Rockies
African Union Mission in Burundi
The African Union Mission in Burundi (AMIB) was a regional peacekeeping mission deployed by the African Union to Burundi in 2003 during the latter stages of the Burundian Civil War. The mission, consisting of 2,870 troops from South Africa, Mozambique and Ethiopia, remained in the country for one year, when it was replaced by the United Nations Operation in Burundi (ONUB) under the United Nations. The official transfer of authority from AMIB to ONUB took place on 1 June 2004. The South African component of the force remained and was formed into the African Union Special Task Force (AU STF).

United Nations Operation in Burundi
The United Nations Operation in Burundi (ONUB) was established by United Nations Security Council in May 2004 to ensure the continuation of the Arusha Peace and Reconciliation Agreement signed on 28 August 2000.

Furthermore, by the terms of Resolution 1545 which established the mission, it was authorized to use "all necessary means" to ensure the respect of ceasefire agreements, carry out disarmament and protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence.

Initially, ONUB consisted of 5,650 military personnel, 120 civilian police, and support personnel in the form of 200 military observers and 125 military staff officers.

The mission ended 1 January 2007 when many of its functions were transferred to the United Nations Integrated Office in Burundi (BINUB).
Miss USA 2018
Miss USA 2018 was the 67th Miss USA pageant. It was held on May 21, 2018 at the Hirsch Memorial Coliseum in Shreveport, Louisiana. The pageant was held at the same venue that was used for Miss USA 1997.

Kára McCullough of District of Columbia crowned her successor Sarah Rose Summers of Nebraska at the end of the event, becoming the first woman from her state to win the title. Summers represented the United States at the Miss Universe 2018 pageant on December 17, 2018 in Bangkok, and placed in the Top 20.

Nick Lachey and Vanessa Lachey hosted for the first time, while Carson Kressley and Lu Sierra served as commentators and was broadcast on Fox for the third consecutive year. Additionally, it featured performances by 98 Degrees and Lee Brice.

For the first time, the Miss Teen USA 2018 pageant was held concurrently, with the finals of the Teen competition being held just prior to the Miss USA competition.

Miss Universe 2018
Miss Universe 2018 was the 67th Miss Universe pageant, held at the Impact Arena in Pak Kret, Nonthaburi, Thailand, on 17 December 2018.

At the conclusion of the event, Demi-Leigh Nel-Peters of South Africa crowned Catriona Gray of the Philippines as Miss Universe 2018. This was the Philippines' fourth victory after their recent victory in 2015.

Contestants from ninety-four countries and territories competed in this year's pageant, surpassing the previous record of ninety-two in 2017. The pageant was hosted by Steve Harvey in his fourth consecutive year, along with supermodel Ashley Graham. Television personality Carson Kressley and runway coach Lu Sierra provided commentary and analysis throughout the event. American singer-songwriter Ne-Yo performed in this year's pageant.
757 Naval Air Squadron
757 Naval Air Squadron (757 NAS) was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy (RN). It was first formed as a Telegraphist Air Gunner Training Squadron in 1939, operating out of RNAS Worthy Down (HMS Kestrel), but after three months it went into abeyance, only to reform again in the same role, at the same location, in 1941 and operating until 1942. It then reformed as a Fighter Pool Squadron & Operational Training Unit at RNAS Puttalam (HMS Rajaliya), in Sri Lanka, in 1943. After a brief spell at RNAMY Tambaram (HMS Valluru), in India, the squadron finally disbanded at RNAS Katukurunda (HMS Ukussa), in Sri Lanka,  at the beginning of 1946.

Katukurunda Airport
Katukurunda Airport (Sinhala: කටුකුරුන්ද ගුවන්තොටුපළ Katukurunda Guwanthotupala, IATA: KTY, ICAO: VCCN) is a domestic airport located near the town of Kalutara in Sri Lanka. It is also a military airbase known as Sri Lanka Air Force Katukurunda or SLAF Katukurunda.

The airport is located 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km) southeast of the town of Kalutara. It is at an elevation of 3 metres (10 ft) and has one runway designated 11/29 with a bitumen surface measuring 1,006 by 46 metres (3,301 ft × 151 ft).
Houses of Parliament, Cape Town
The Houses of Parliament in Cape Town serve as the seat of South Africa's national legislature. As the country's legislative capital, Cape Town hosts this historically significant complex consisting of three main sections: the original 1884 building housing the National Council of Provinces (originally the Senate), the 1920s extension containing committee rooms and offices, and the 1980s expansion accommodating the National Assembly.

The building has been designated a National Heritage Site by the South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA), receiving Grade 1 heritage status, the highest level of recognition.

After sustaining substantial structural damage during a January 2022 fire, the Houses of Parliament underwent major renovations. The 4-year, R4.6 billion project sought to balance modernization with retaining the site's heritage. Around 500 offices were rebuilt, along with the old and new assembly buildings. The project is slated for completion in December 2026.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.
Chestnut-capped brushfinch
The  chestnut-capped brushfinch (Arremon brunneinucha) is a Neotropical passerine bird in the New World sparrow family, Passerellidae.

Until recently, it was generally placed in the genus Buarremon, while it occasionally has been placed in Atlapetes.

Arremon
Arremon is a genus of neotropical birds in the family Passerellidae.  With the exception of the green-striped brushfinch  which is endemic to Mexico, all species are found in South America, with a few reaching Central America.

These sparrows are found in lowland woodlands and forests where they usually forage on the ground. They have olive or grey upperparts with a black head. Many have a white line above the eye and some have a black band across the breast.
Danny Rimer
Danny Rimer OBE (born 1970) is a partner at Index Ventures, a global venture capital firm founded in Geneva in 1992. Rimer opened the firm's London office in 2002 and its San Francisco office in 2012. He has become a leading voice on venture capital in Silicon Valley and Europe, and has been actively involved in various philanthropic and cultural activities.

Midas List
The Forbes Midas list is the annual ranking by Forbes magazine of the most influential and best-performing venture capital investors. Described by Kara Swisher as the "Oscars for venture capitalists in tech," the Midas List uses parameters that include the first-day market capitalization of IPOs and the opinions of a panel of experts.

The name alludes to the mythological King Midas, renowned for his ability to turn anything he touched into gold. Forbes partnered with venture capital fund TrueBridge Capital Partners to create the list from 2011 to 2016.
1973 U.S. Women's Open
The 1973 U.S. Women's Open was the 28th U.S. Women's Open, held July 19–22 at the Country Club of Rochester in Rochester, New York.

Defending champion Susie Berning won the third of her three U.S. Women's Open titles, five strokes ahead of runners-up Gloria Ehret and Shelley Hamlin. After a three-under 69 in the third round, Berning was the co-leader with Pam Higgins, two strokes ahead of 36-hole leader Sharon Miller.

Berning was the third of seven to successfully defend the championship, following Mickey Wright in 1959 and Donna Caponi in 1970; it was the last of her four major titles.

The championship was held at the course twenty years earlier in 1953, the first Women's Open conducted by the United States Golf Association (USGA). It was the second consecutive Women's Open played in the state of New York; the 1972 edition was at Winged Foot in Mamaroneck.

1970 U.S. Women's Open
The 1970 U.S. Women's Open was the 25th U.S. Women's Open, held July 2–5 at Muskogee Country Club in Muskogee, Oklahoma.

Defending champion Donna Caponi won the second of her four major titles, one stroke ahead of runners-up Sandra Haynie and Sandra Spuzich. Caponi's four-foot (1.3 m) putt for a double bogey on the final hole hung on the lip before falling to avoid a Monday playoff. She was the second of seven to successfully defend the championship, following Mickey Wright in 1959. Caponi entered the final round with a four-stroke lead and shot a 77 (+6).
2004 Metro Manila Film Festival
The 30th Metro Manila Film Festival was held in Manila, Philippines, from December 25, 2004, to January 5, 2005.

Vilma Santos, Christopher de Leon and their movie, Mano Po III: My Love topped the 2004 Metro Manila Film Festival. Santos and de Leon won the Best Actress and Best Actor awards respectively for their roles in Mano Po III: My Love, which was also awarded the Festival's Best Picture. The Best Supporting Actor and Actress awards went to Dennis Trillo for Aishite Imasu 1941: Mahal Kita and Rebecca Lusterio for Panaghoy sa Suba.

Cesar Montano's Panaghoy sa Suba also received six other awards including the prestigious Gatpuno Antonio J. Villegas Cultural Awards, Best Director for Montano, and the Second Best Picture among others.

Mano Po III: My Love
Mano Po III: My Love (simplified Chinese: 我的爱; traditional Chinese: 我的愛; pinyin: Wǒ de ài) is a 2004 Filipino romantic drama film directed by Joel Lamangan and the third installment of the Mano Po film series, following the success of Mano Po and Mano Po 2: My Home. Produced by Regal Entertainment and MAQ Productions, Mano Po III stars Vilma Santos in the leading role.
2010 İstanbul Cup
The 2010 İstanbul Cup was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the sixth edition of the İstanbul Cup, and was part of the WTA International tournaments of the 2010 WTA Tour. It took place in Istanbul, Turkey, from 26 July through 1 August  2010. Third-seeded Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova won the singles title.

İstanbul Cup
The İstanbul Cup (also known as the TEB BNP Paribas Tennis Championship İstanbul for sponsorship reasons) was a WTA tennis tournament held in Istanbul, Turkey, organised for professional female tennis players. It was classified as an International-level tournament on the WTA Tour. Held annually since May 2005, it was played on outdoor clay courts until 2009, after which the organisers decided to switch the surface to outdoor hard courts. It was not held in between 2011–2013, due to the WTA Tour Championships moving to Istanbul for those years. It resumed for the 2014 WTA season. In 2016, the tournament surface was changed back to clay. It was played at the TTF Istanbul Tennis Center, located in the İstinye neighborhood.
Lee Roberts (basketball)
Lee Roberts (born February 10, 1987) is an American professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the Findlay Oilers between 2005 and 2009, where he won an NCAA Division II national championship as a senior. Since 2011, Roberts has had consistent yearly stints in the NBL1 West in Australia. He has also consistently played seasons in South America since 2012.

University of Findlay
The University of Findlay is a private liberal arts university in Findlay, Ohio, United States. It was established in 1882 through a joint partnership between the Churches of God General Conference and the city of Findlay. The University of Findlay has nearly 80 undergraduate programs of study leading to baccalaureate degrees and offers 11 master's degrees and five doctorate-level degree programs. Nearly 4,200 students from approximately 35 countries are enrolled at Findlay with an international student population of approximately 500. Approximately 1,250 students live on campus in university housing. The University of Findlay has a 76-acre (31 ha) main campus and five off-campus facilities.
Astley v Verdun
Astley v Verdun, 2011 ONSC 3651, is a leading defamation decision released by Ontario Superior Court of Justice. The case was publicized for the amount of damages awarded to the plaintiff, and the permanent  injunction ordered against the defendant.

Torstar
Torstar Corporation is a Canadian mass media company which primarily publishes news. It is known for publishing the Toronto Star, its flagship and namesake. Torstar was purchased by NordStar Capital LP, which is owned by Jordan Bitove. They also publish daily newspapers in Hamilton, Peterborough, Niagara Region, and Waterloo Region, in addition to their ownership of the Metroland Media Group and a 33.33% ownership of the Canadian Press.

The corporation was established in 1958 to take over operations of the Star from the Atkinson Foundation after a provincial law banned charitable organizations from owning for-profit entities. From 1958 to 2020, the class A shares of Torstar were held by the families of the original Atkinson Foundation trustees. The private investment firm NordStar Capital LP, formed by Paul Rivett and Jordan Bitove, acquired the company in 2020.  In 2022, Rivett left NordStar due to disputes with Bitove.