hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Megaphone desktop tool
The Megaphone desktop tool was a Windows "action alert" tool developed by Give Israel Your United Support (GIYUS) and distributed by World Union of Jewish Students, World Jewish Congress, The Jewish Agency for Israel, World Zionist Organization, StandWithUs, Hasbara fellowships, HonestReporting, and other pro-Israel public relations organizations. The tool was released in July during the 2006 Lebanon War. By June 2011, the tool was no longer available through the GIYUS website. An RSS newsfeed is available.

StandWithUs
StandWithUs (SWU) (also known as Israel Emergency Alliance) is a nonprofit pro-Israel advocacy organization founded in Los Angeles in 2001 by Roz Rothstein, Jerry Rothstein, and Esther Renzer.

StandWithUs has gained prominence as a leading pro-Israel advocacy group. It maintains a significant presence on university campuses throughout the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, South Africa, Australia and Brazil. The organization aims to combat what it perceives as antisemitism and misinformation related to Israel while promoting a positive image of the country. It trains students in pro-Israel advocacy, organizes protests, runs billboard and ad campaigns, and files complaints on the behalf of students. StandWithUs actively works to counter Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) campaigns on campuses and beyond. It has also engaged in collaborations with the Israeli government on various initiatives.
Grange Hill series 15
The fifteenth series of the British television drama series Grange Hill began broadcasting on 7 January 1992, before ending on 13 March 1992 on BBC One. The series follows the lives of the staff and pupils of the eponymous school, an inner-city London comprehensive school. It consists of twenty episodes.

Grange Hill
Grange Hill is a British children's television drama series, originally produced by the BBC and portraying life in a typical comprehensive school. The show began its run on 8 February 1978 on BBC1, and was one of the longest-running programmes on British television when it ended on 15 September 2008 after 31 series. It was created by Phil Redmond, who is also responsible for the Channel 4 dramas Brookside and Hollyoaks; other notable production team members down the years have included producer Colin Cant and script editor Anthony Minghella.

The show was cancelled in 2008, having run every year for 30 years. It was felt by the BBC that the series had run its course.
Daniel Coughlin
Daniel P. Coughlin (born November 8, 1934) is an American Catholic priest who served as the 59th Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives from 2000, to 2011. He was the first Catholic to serve in the position, and the process that led to his selection included some controversy.

John Boehner
John Andrew Boehner (/ˈbeɪnər/ BAY-nər; born November 17, 1949) is a retired American politician and lobbyist who served as the 53rd speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 2011 to 2015. A member of the Republican Party, he served 13 terms as the U.S. representative for Ohio's 8th congressional district from 1991 to 2015. The district included several rural and suburban areas near Cincinnati and Dayton.

Boehner previously served as the House minority leader from 2007 until 2011, and House majority leader from 2006 until 2007. In January 2011, he was first elected Speaker and then re-elected twice. Boehner resigned from the House of Representatives in October 2015 due to opposition from within the Republican conference.

In September 2016, Squire Patton Boggs, the third-largest lobbying firm in the U.S., announced that Boehner would join their firm. It was also announced that he would become a board member of Reynolds American.
Battle of Samana
The Battle of Samana was fought between the Khalsa under the leadership of Banda Singh Bahadur and the Mughal Government of Samana in 1709. Following the battle, Banda Singh Bahadur shook the administration of Delhi.

Fateh Singh (Sikhism)
Fateh Singh (Punjabi: ਫ਼ਤਿਹ ਸਿੰਘ, pronunciation: [pʰat̪ɪɦ sɪ́ŋgᵊ]; 25 February 1699 – 26 December 1704 or 26 December 1705), commonly referred to with honorifics as Baba Fateh Singh or Sahibzada Baba Fateh Singh, was the fourth and youngest son of Guru Gobind Singh.
Roth station
Roth station is a railway station in the municipality of Roth, located in the Roth district in Middle Franconia, Germany. The station is located at the junction of the Nuremberg–Roth, Nuremberg–Augsburg, and Roth–Greding lines.

Nuremberg–Roth railway
The Nuremberg–Roth railway is a 25.5-kilometre (15.8 mi) long main line railway in the German state of Bavaria, running from Nuremberg via Schwabach to Roth. It was built parallel with the Nuremberg–Augsburg railway during the first construction phase of the Nuremberg S-Bahn and opened on 9 June 2001.
Sankyo Warehouses
The Sankyo Warehouses (山居倉庫, Sankyo sōko) is a group of early Meiji period rice warehouses in the city of Sakata,  Yamagata Prefecture, Japan The buildings were designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2021.

Sakata, Yamagata
Sakata (酒田市, Sakata-shi) is a city located in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2023, the city had an estimated population of 96,777 in 42,600 households, and a population density of 180 people per km2. The total area of the city is 602.97 km2 (232.81 sq mi).
Anna Massey
Anna Raymond Massey (11 August 1937 – 3 July 2011) was an English actress. She won a BAFTA Best Actress Award for the role of Edith Hope in the 1986 TV adaptation of Anita Brookner's novel Hotel du Lac, a role that one of her co-stars, Julia McKenzie, has said "could have been written for her". Massey is also well known for her role in Alfred Hitchcock's Frenzy (1972) as a barmaid who becomes involved with a suspected killer. She performed over one hundred character roles in British film and television. On the stage, in 1982, Massey won the Laurence Olivier Award for Actress of the Year in a Supporting Role for The Importance of Being Earnest and was nominated for the Award for Actress of the Year in a New Play for Summer.

Anita Brookner
Anita Brookner CBE (16 July 1928 – 10 March 2016) was an English novelist and art historian. She was Slade Professor of Fine Art at the University of Cambridge from 1967 to 1968 and was the first woman to hold this visiting professorship. She was awarded the 1984 Booker–McConnell Prize for her novel Hotel du Lac.
Yoshii Isamu Memorial Museum
The Yoshii Isamu Memorial Museum (香美市立吉井勇記念館, Kami Shiritsu Yoshii Isamu Kinenkan) opened in then Kahoku, now Kami, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan in 2003. It is dedicated to the life and works of poet Yoshii Isamu. In the grounds lies the Keiki-sō, his retreat of 1934, restored in 1964 and relocated to this site in 2006, a registered Tangible Cultural Property.

Kahoku, Kōchi
Kahoku (香北町, Kahoku-chō) was a town located in Kami District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 5,507 and a density of 42.24 persons per km2. The total area was 130.37 km2.

On March 1, 2006, Kahoku, along with the town of Tosayamada, and the village of Monobe (all from Kami District), was merged to create the city of Kami and no longer exists as an independent municipality.
Beatmania IIDX 6th Style
Beatmania IIDX 6th Style is the sixth game in the beatmania IIDX series of music video games released in arcades by Konami in 2001 and features 40 new songs. 6th Style introduced new features such as letter grades (ranging from F to AAA) and the new hard mode (which removes the usual 80% lifebar requirement but makes the lifebar itself stricter).

The interface used by 6th Style is more modern looking than previous styles. The arcade version also switched the background movies to use a DVD instead of a VCD. 6th Style also introduced the current font design for the judgement labels.

Beatmania IIDX
Beatmania IIDX (Japanese: ビートマニア ツーディーエックス, Hepburn: Bītomania Tsū Di Ekkusu) (IIDX) is a series of rhythm video games, that was first released by Konami in Japan on 26 February 1999. Beatmania IIDX has since spawned 33 arcade releases and 14 console releases on the Sony PlayStation 2. It is the sequel to the beatmania game series, and is part of the Bemani line of music games.

Initially conceived and developed as a sequel to Beatmania, Konami released Beatmania IIDX in Japan in 1999. The development team designed the game to simulate the experience of a DJ performing at a real venue, and gave the cabinet a "club Visual Jockey style." While its predecessor used five keys, IIDX had seven of them, increasing the games complexity and skill ceiling. The larger controller was integrated into the cabinet alongside a larger 40-inch widescreen monitor, dual speakers, and spotlights to replicate the feeling of performing at a live venue.
FC Shakhtar Konotop
FC Shakhtar Konotop is a Ukrainian amateur football club from Konotop, Sumy Oblast.

The club was formed back in 1953 and competed mostly at regional competitions. The team originally represented the Konotop Engineering Factory "Chervonyi Metalist" that manufactured the mining equipment, hence the name for the club "Shakhtar" - Miner. In 1968 they became the champion of Sumy Oblast for the first time. In 1965 and 1969 Shakhtar were winners of the Sumy Oblast cup competitions (single elimination tournament). On couple of occasions Shakhtar appeared in the Ukrainian Amateur Football Championship in 1965 and 1969 and earlier in the Football Championship of the Ukrainian SSR in 1958 and 1959. In 1977 they were dissolved.

In 2000 the team was revived back again and became the regional champion in 2001. In 2012 Shakhtar became regional champions for the 7th time.

It continues to play in the Sumy Oblast Championship.

Konotop
Konotop (Ukrainian: Конотоп [konoˈtɔp] ⓘ; Russian: Конотоп [kənɐˈtop] ⓘ) is a city in Sumy Oblast, northeastern Ukraine. Konotop serves as the administrative center of Konotop Raion within the oblast. Konotop is located about 129 kilometres (80 mi) from Sumy, the administrative center of the oblast. It is host to Konotop Air Base. The population is 83,543 (2022 estimate).
Villa Alta District
Villa Alta District is located in the center of the Sierra Norte Region of the State of Oaxaca, Mexico.
It has an area of 1,156 km2 of mountainous country, divided into 25 municipalities.

As of 2007 there were 99 settlements of which 72 had electricity and 38 had a supply of potable water in 2007.
As of 2020 the total population was 30,568.
The main food crops are maize and beans.
Coffee is the most important cash crop, and there is some sugar cane production.

San Bartolomé Zoogocho

From left to right: Tanetze de Zaragoza, San Isidro Reforma, Juquila Vijanos, Santo Domingo Cacalotepec

Sierra Norte de Oaxaca
La Sierra Norte de Oaxaca is a heavily wooded region in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. 
It is 62 km from the city of Oaxaca on Federal highway 175, heading east towards Tuxtepec.  
The region is divided into three districts: Ixtlán, which has 26 municipalities, Villa Alta, which has 25 municipalities and Mixe, which has 17 municipalities.
Mohan No Masalo
Mohan No Masalo (English: Mohan's Recipe) is a 2015 biographical one-man play about Mahatma Gandhi, starring Pratik Gandhi. Written by Ishan Doshi and directed by Manoj Shah, it depicts the early life of Mohandas Gandhi. First performed in Gujarati, the play later staged in English and Hindi. It was included in the Limca Book of Records for its performances in three languages (English, Hindi and Gujarati) in a single day.

Solo performance
A solo performance, sometimes referred to as a one-man show, one-woman show, or one-person show, features a single person telling a story for an audience, typically for the purpose of entertainment. This type of performance comes in many varieties, including autobiographical creations, comedy acts, novel adaptations, vaudeville, poetry, music and dance. In 1996, Rob Becker's Defending the Caveman became the longest-running one-person play in the history of Broadway theatre.
Deamination
Deamination is the removal of an amino group from a molecule. Enzymes that catalyse this reaction are called deaminases.

In the human body, deamination takes place primarily in the liver; however, it can also occur in the kidney. In situations of excess protein intake, deamination is used to break down amino acids for energy. The amino group is removed from the amino acid and converted to ammonia. The rest of the amino acid is made up of mostly carbon and hydrogen, and is recycled or oxidized for energy. Ammonia is toxic to the human system, and enzymes convert it to urea or uric acid by addition of carbon dioxide molecules (which is not considered a deamination process) in the urea cycle, which also takes place in the liver. Urea and uric acid can safely diffuse into the blood and then be excreted in urine.

Urea cycle
The urea cycle (also known as the ornithine cycle) is a cycle of biochemical reactions that produces urea (NH2)2CO from ammonia (NH3). Animals that use this cycle, mainly amphibians and mammals, are called ureotelic.

The urea cycle converts highly toxic ammonia to urea for excretion. This cycle was the first metabolic cycle to be discovered by Hans Krebs and Kurt Henseleit in 1932, five years before the discovery of the TCA cycle. The urea cycle was described in more detail later on by Ratner and Cohen. The urea cycle takes place primarily in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the kidneys.
Threshold braking
Threshold braking or limit braking is a driving technique most commonly used in motor racing, and in road vehicles to slow a vehicle at the maximum rate using the brakes. The technique involves the driver controlling the brake pedal (or lever) pressure to maximize the braking force developed by the tires. The optimal amount of braking force is applied at the point when the wheel just begins to slip.

Slip (vehicle dynamics)
In (automotive) vehicle dynamics, slip describes the relative motion between a tire and the road surface it is moving on. This slip can be generated either by the tire's angular velocity being greater or less than the free-rolling speed (referred to as slip ratio), or by the tire's front facing direction being at an angle to its direction of motion (referred to as slip angle). When both of these measurements do not equal zero, the tire enters a state called combined slip.
George C. Baldwin
George Curriden Baldwin (May 5, 1917 – January 23, 2010) was an American theoretical and experimental physicist.  He was a professor of nuclear engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and a scientist working at the General Electric Research Laboratory and at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.  He wrote a book on Nonlinear Optics and authored or co-authored over 130 technical papers.

Gamma-ray laser
A gamma-ray laser, or graser, is a hypothetical device that would produce coherent gamma rays, just as an ordinary laser produces coherent rays of visible light.  Potential applications for gamma-ray lasers include medical imaging, spacecraft propulsion, and cancer treatment.

In his 2003 Nobel lecture, Vitaly Ginzburg cited the gamma-ray laser as one of the 30 most important problems in physics.

The effort to construct a practical gamma-ray laser is interdisciplinary, encompassing quantum mechanics, nuclear and optical spectroscopy, chemistry, solid-state physics, and metallurgy—as well as the generation, moderation, and interaction of neutrons—and involves specialized knowledge and research in all these fields. The subject involves both basic science and engineering technology.
Ange Kouamé
Ange Samuel Kouamé (born 22 December 1996), also known as An Yi-en (Chinese: 安以恩), is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for China League One club Liaoning Tieren. Born in the Ivory Coast, he represents the Chinese Taipei national football team.

2022 Taiwan Football Premier League
The 2022 season of the  Taiwan Football Premier League  is the sixth season of the top-flight  association football  competition in  Taiwan  under its current format. The season began on 17 April 2022.
Coalition of Islamic Parties
The Great Islamic Coalition or the Coalition of Islamic Parties was an electoral alliance of organizations led by Islamic Republican Party, competing in 1979 Iranian Constitutional Convention election. It was the largest coalition in the elections, and used its influence on media, Islamic Revolution Committees and the mosques to oust their opponents, most importantly the Quintuple Coalition of radical Islamic groups.

Islamic Revolutionary Committees
Islamic Revolutionary Committees (Persian: کمیته‌های انقلاب اسلامی, romanized: Komitehāye Enqelābe Eslāmi), simply known as the Committee, was a revolutionary organization turned law enforcement agency in Iran. Founded in 1979, it merged with Shahrbani and Iranian Gendarmerie to form the Police Command in 1991.
Gary Caldwell
Gary Caldwell (born 12 April 1982) is a Scottish former professional footballer and coach who is the current manager of EFL League One club Wigan Athletic. Caldwell played for Newcastle United, Darlington, Coventry City, Derby County, Hibernian, Celtic, Wigan Athletic and won 55 international caps for Scotland.

Primarily considered a centre back, Caldwell was a versatile player; he was also deployed as a right back and defensive midfielder at various spells in his career. His elder brother, Steven, was also a footballer and they were at Wigan concurrently. As an international, he earned a place in the Scottish FA International Roll of Honour after gaining over 50 caps.

After retirement he went into coaching, and has managed Wigan Athletic, Chesterfield, Partick Thistle and Exeter City.

2008–09 Scottish League Cup
The 2008–09 Scottish League Cup was the 63rd season of the Scotland's second most prestigious football knockout competition, also known for sponsorship reasons as the Co-operative Insurance Cup. Celtic won the cup beating Rangers 2–0 after extra time thanks to a goal from Darren O'Dea and an Aiden McGeady penalty.
King of Fools (album)
King of Fools is a studio album by British Christian rock band Delirious?, initially released in June 1997. The full-length project showcased a new mainstream sound, whilst retaining many of the core themes found in their Cutting Edge EPs. Stylistically, the album epitomises the band's similarity to U2, an influence which was highlighted by several critics on its release. King of Fools reached No. 13 on the UK album chart, a career-high for the band, and produced four singles. The second, "Deeper", peaked at No. 20 on the UK singles chart on 11 May 1997. It also includes what is possibly the best known Delirious? song, "History Maker", which the band regularly played live throughout their whole career. The album was listed at No. 85 in the 2001 book, CCM Presents: The 100 Greatest Albums in Christian Music. The album was nominated for a Grammy.

Cutting Edge (recordings)
Cutting Edge is a series of recordings made by the British rock band Delirious?. The songs were originally written for a regular youth event, Cutting Edge, in the band's home town of Littlehampton. Through this, the band gained its first name, The Cutting Edge Band, which was later changed to Delirious? when the band went full-time in 1996.

Reviewing the 1998 United States release, CCM magazine found that the band had created "a modern hymnody for generations raised on rock 'n 'roll." One major lyrical break from older styles of hymns.
Hørsholm 79ers
Hørsholm 79'ers Basketball Klub is a Danish basketball club from Hørsholm founded in 1979, playing both in the male and female Danish championships. The women's team is one of the most successful teams in Danish history, having won 9 national championships between 1996 and 2018, including five titles in a row from 2004 to 2008.

Hørsholm
Hørsholm (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhɶɐ̯sˌhʌlˀm]) is an urban area on the Øresund coast approximately 25 km (15.53 mi) north of Copenhagen, Denmark. It covers most of Hørsholm Municipality and straddles the borders neighbouring Fredensborg Municipality and Rudersdal Municipality.

Hørsholm proper is developed around Hirschholm Palace, which was constructed in the 1730s, but the town has later absorbed several of the nearby communities that are of much older origins.
WFM (motorcycle)
Warszawska Fabryka Motocykli (English: Warsaw Motorcycle Factory), commonly known by its initials WFM, is a defunct Polish motorcycle manufacturer. The motorcycles were manufactured in a  factory located at 25 Ulica Mińska in the Warsaw district of Grochów.

Praga-Południe
52°14′30″N 21°05′02″E﻿ / ﻿52.241729°N 21.083867°E﻿ / 52.241729; 21.083867

Praga-Południe (Polish pronunciation: [ˈpraɡa pɔˈwudɲɛ]), also known by its anglicized names Praga-South, Praga South, and South Praga, is a district of the city of Warsaw, Poland located on the east bank of the Vistula River. It consists of Grochów, Gocław, Kamionek and Saska Kępa.
Möng Pawn State
Möng Pawn, also known as Maingpun (Burmese: မိုင်းပွန်), was a Shan state in what is today Burma. The state was part of the Eastern Division of the Southern Shan States and was located south of Laihka State in the valley of the Nam Pawn river.

Laihka State
Laihka State (Shan: လၢႆးၶႃႈ), also spelt Legya or Lecha (Burmese: လဲချား), was a state in the central division of the Southern Shan States of Burma, with an area of 3,711 square kilometres (1,433 sq mi).

The general character of the state was hilly and broken, with a mean altitude of a little under 3,000 feet (910 m). The main rivers were the Nam Teng, an important tributary of the Salween, and the Nam Pawn. Laihka, located in the plain of the Nam Teng, was the capital where the saopha had his palace (haw). The town of Panglong, where the Panglong Agreement took place, is located close to Laihka.
Ahmadiyya and other faiths
The Ahmadiyya branch in Islam has relationships with a number of other religions.
Ahmadiyya consider themselves to be Muslim, but are not regarded as Muslim by mainstream Islam. Mainstream Muslim branches refer to the Ahmadiyya branch by the religious slur Qadiani, and to their beliefs as Qadianism a name based on Qadian, the small town in India's Punjab region where the founder of Ahmadiyya, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was born.

Al-Masih ad-Dajjal
Al-Masih ad-Dajjal (Arabic: الْمَسِيحُ الدَّجَّالُ, romanized: Al-Masih ad-Dajjal, lit. 'the deceitful Messiah'), otherwise referred to simply as the Dajjal, is an antagonistic figure in Islamic apocalyptism who will pretend to be the promised Messiah and later claim to be God, appearing before the Day of Judgment according to the Islamic eschatological narrative.
The Dajjal is not mentioned in the Quran, but he is mentioned and described in the Hadith. Corresponding to the Antichrist in Christianity, the Dajjal is said to emerge out in the East, although the specific location varies among the various sources.

The Dajjal will imitate the miracles performed by Jesus, such as healing the sick and raising the dead, the latter done with the aid of demons. He will deceive many people, such as weavers, magicians, and children of fornication.
Purnagad
Purnagad Fort is a fort located 25 km from Ratnagiri, in Ratnagiri district, of Maharashtra. This fort is very small but an important fort in Ratnagiri district for Kanhoji Angre's Navy that evolved as the modern Indian Navy. The Fort is spread over 22 acres and located on a northern hill on Muchkundi River.

Ratnagiri
Ratnagiri (IAST:Ratnāgirī ; [ɾət̪n̪aːɡiɾiː]) is a port city on the Arabian Sea coast in Ratnagiri District in southwestern Maharashtra, India. The district is part of the Konkan division of Maharashtra. The city is known for the Hapus or Alphonso mangoes and is colloquially referred to as the Mango City. Ratnagiri is the birthplace of Indian independence activist Lokmanya Tilak. Thibaw, the last king of Burma, alongside his consort Supayalat and two infant daughters were exiled to a two-storied brick mansion in Ratnagiri. The building is now known as Thibaw Palace.