hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Seal Cove, Fortune Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador
Seal Cove is a town in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, located on Fortune Bay. The town had a population of 215 in the 2021 Census. The population of Seal Cove, Fortune Bay has fallen to approximately 215 largely due to outmigration for education and work-related pursuits. The town was incorporated in 1972. The town is 230 kilometres (140 mi) southwest of Grand Falls-Windsor.

Historically, residents earned a living by fishing and logging for the large pulp and paper companies located in Central and Western parts of the province. In recent years there has been a greater dependency on work in the construction industry.

Grand Falls-Windsor
Grand Falls-Windsor is a town located in the central region of the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, with a population of 13,853 at the 2021 census. The town is the largest in the central region, the sixth largest in the province, and is home to the annual Exploits Valley Salmon Festival. Grand Falls-Windsor was incorporated in 1991, when the two former towns of Grand Falls and Windsor amalgamated.

Grand Falls-Windsor is one of two major population centres in Central Newfoundland.
Nanjing City Wall Museum
The Nanjing City Wall Museum (Chinese: 南京城墙博物馆) is a museum dedicated to the history and preservation of the Nanjing City Wall. It is located in Qinhuai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China, near Zhonghua Gate and the Nanjing Old East Gate Historical and Cultural District. The museum occupies an area of 6,681.4 square meters, with a total construction area of 13,089.3 square meters. Designed by He Jingtang and the Architectural Design and Research Institute of South China University of Technology, the museum officially opened in December 2021.

City Wall of Nanjing
The City Wall of Nanjing was designed by the Hongwu Emperor (1328–1398) after he founded the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) and established Nanjing as the capital in 1368. To consolidate his sovereignty and defend the city against coastal pirates, he adopted the suggestions of advisor Zhu Sheng to build a higher city wall, to expand strategic food reserve and to postpone the coronation. The construction of the wall required the labor of 200,000 workers over twenty-one years to complete. Around 7 million cubic meters (250×10^6 cu ft) of earth were shifted to create one of the largest city walls ever constructed in China.  The enclosed Nanjing City is about 55 square kilometers.
Tam Dalyell
Sir Thomas Dalyell, 11th Baronet FRSGS (/diˈɛl/ ⓘ dee-EL; 9 August 1932 – 26 January 2017), known as Tam Dalyell, was a Scottish politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Linlithgow (formerly West Lothian) from 1962 to 2005. A member of the Labour Party, he was best known for formulating what came to be known as the "West Lothian question", on whether non-English MPs should be able to vote upon English-only matters after political devolution. He was also known for his staunch anti-war views, opposing the Falklands War, the Gulf War, the War in Afghanistan and the Iraq War.

Parliamentary private secretary
A parliamentary private secretary (PPS) is a member of Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom who acts as an unpaid assistant to a government minister or a shadow minister. They are selected from backbench MPs as the "eyes and ears" of the minister in the House of Commons.

PPSs are junior to parliamentary under-secretaries of state, a ministerial post salaried by one or more departments.
Bobby Brooks Kramer
Bobby Brooks Kramer (December 1, 1913 – January 5, 2005), was a hall of fame equestrian and rodeo performer. She was one of the earliest bronc riders who competed for money. She had a successful rodeo career. After that, she and her husband formed the Diamond A Horse Ranch. She won many awards and trophies in cutting, trail, reining, and pleasure riding. She was inducted into the National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame in 2000.

Reining
Reining is a western riding competition for horses in which the riders guide the horses through a precise pattern of circles, spins, and stops. All work is done at the lope (a version of the horse gait more commonly known worldwide as the canter), or the gallop (the fastest of the horse gaits). Originating from working cattle, reining requires the horse to be responsive and in tune with its rider, whose aids should not be easily seen, and judges the horse on its ability to perform a set pattern of movements. The horse should be willingly guided or controlled with little or no apparent resistance and dictated to completely. A horse that pins his ears, conveys a threat to his rider, refuses to go forward, runs sideways, bounces his rear, wrings his tail in irritation, or displays an overall poor attitude is not being guided willingly, and is judged accordingly. If a horse jogs or breaks gait it is a 0.The Change needs to be in the middle of the arena.
EPOC (operating system)
EPOC is a mobile operating system developed by Psion, a British company founded in 1980. It began as a 16-bit operating system (OS) for Psion's own x86-compatible devices, and was later replaced by a 32-bit system for x86 and ARM. Psion licensed the 32-bit system to other hardware makers, such as Ericsson.

To distinguish it from the 16-bit OS, the 32-bit version was sometimes called EPOC32. Technologically, it was a major departure from the 16-bit version (which came to be called EPOC16 or SIBO). In 1998, the 32-bit version was renamed Symbian OS. After Nokia acquired the rights to Symbian in 2010, they published Symbian's source code under the Eclipse Public License. In 2011, Nokia rescinded the open-source license for subsequent releases of the software.

Preemption (computing)
In computing, preemption is the act performed by an external scheduler — without assistance or cooperation from the task — of temporarily interrupting an executing task, with the intention of resuming it at a later time.: 153  This preemptive scheduler usually runs in the most privileged protection ring, meaning that interruption and then  resumption are considered highly secure actions. Such changes to the currently executing task of a processor are known as context switching.
Rengam railway station
The Rengam railway station is a Malaysian train station located at and named after the town of Renggam in the Kluang District of the state of Johor, Malaysia.

Similar to Kluang, passenger operations shifted to the Rengam Temporary Railway Station which is constructed on a viaduct some miles away from future Rengam Station to facilitate the Gemas-Johor Bahru electrification and double-tracking project (EDTP). This left the old Rengam Station open only for passenger facilities. It is still unknown whether the tracks within old Rengam Station have been removed.

Since 12 December 2025, Rengam station has been served by several KTM ETS services to Padang Besar, KL Sentral and JB Sentral, replaced the former KTM Intercity Ekspres Selatan service which was terminated on 1 January 2026.

Kuala Lumpur Sentral station
Kuala Lumpur Sentral Station (KL Sentral) is a transit-oriented development that houses the main railway station of Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia. Opened on 16 April 2001, KL Sentral replaced the old Kuala Lumpur railway station as the city's main inter-city railway station. KL Sentral is the largest railway station in Malaysia, and also in Southeast Asia from 2001 to 2021, before Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal in Bangkok, Thailand was completed.

KL Sentral is designed as an intermodal transport hub. All of the Klang Valley's urban rail lines serve KL Sentral except the Ampang Line, Sri Petaling Line, Shah Alam Line and Putrajaya Line. Passengers can catch intercity trains serving many locations across Peninsular Malaysia to places such as Johor Bahru, Ipoh, and Butterworth, as well as special monthly excursion trains towards Thailand. It was also designed to be a new business and financial hub for Kuala Lumpur.
The Lance Krall Show
The Lance Krall Show is a 30-minute comedy television show featuring sketches and on-the-street interaction starring Lance Krall, who gained recognition through his character Kip on The Joe Schmo Show. The Lance Krall Show aired on Spike TV Mondays at 11:05 pm, with encores Thursdays at 11:05 pm. The cast included Annie Humphrey, Phil Cater, Sarah Baker, Anna Vocino, Loren Tarquinio, Rob Poynter, and Michael Sweeney. All performed together with Krall at The Whole World Theatre in Atlanta, Georgia.

Krall is also credited as creator, director, executive producer, and editor on the show.

The Joe Schmo Show
The Joe Schmo Show is an American reality television hoax show created by Paul Wernick and Rhett Reese. The series was originally broadcast in the United States on the cable network Spike for two seasons in 2003 and 2004, then revived for a third season in 2013. The series was again revived for a fourth season premiering on TBS in January 2025.
Medieval warfare
Medieval warfare is the warfare of the Middle Ages. Technological, cultural, and social advancements had forced a severe transformation in the character of warfare from antiquity, changing military tactics and the role of cavalry and artillery (see military history). In terms of fortification, the Middle Ages saw the emergence of the castle in Europe, which then spread to the Holy Land (modern day Israel and Palestine).

Javelin
A javelin is a light spear designed primarily to be thrown, historically as a ranged weapon. Today, the javelin is predominantly used for sporting purposes such as the javelin throw. The javelin is nearly always thrown by hand, unlike the sling, bow, and crossbow, which launch projectiles with the aid of a hand-held mechanism. However, devices do exist to assist the javelin thrower in achieving greater distances, such as spear-throwers or the amentum.

A warrior or soldier armed primarily with one or more javelins is a javelineer.

The word javelin comes from Middle English and it derives from Old French javelin, a diminutive of javelot, which meant spear. The word javelot probably originated from one of the Celtic languages.
1976 Ontario Liberal Party leadership election
The Ontario Liberal Party held a leadership election in 1976 on January 24–25 to replace Robert Nixon. Nixon had announced his retirement after the 1975 election in which the Liberal Party was reduced from Official Opposition status in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario to being the third party. Stuart Smith was elected as the party's new leader.

Robert Nixon (politician)
Robert Fletcher Nixon OOnt ECO (born July 17, 1928) is a retired Canadian politician in the province of Ontario, Canada. The son of former Premier of Ontario Harry Nixon, he was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in a 1962 by-election following his father's death. The younger Nixon was elected leader of the Ontario Liberal Party in 1967 and led them through three provincial elections, the first two where the Liberals retained their standing as the second-largest party and official opposition in the legislature.

Nixon resigned as party leader in 1976 and was succeeded by Stuart Smith after a leadership convention. Nixon remained a prominent member of the Liberal caucus after standing down from the party leadership, including two stints as interim opposition leader, and served as Provincial Treasurer and Deputy Premier in the government of David Peterson from 1985 to 1990.
Concept image and concept definition
In mathematics education, concept image and concept definition are two ways of understanding a mathematical concept.

The terms were introduced by Tall & Vinner (1981). They define a concept image as such:

"We shall use the term concept image to describe the total cognitive structure that is associated with the concept, which includes all the mental pictures and associated properties and processes. It is built up over the years through experiences of all kinds, changing as the individual meets new stimuli and matures."

A concept definition is similar to the usual notion of a definition in mathematics, with the distinction that it is personal to an individual:

"a personal concept definition can differ from a formal concept definition, the latter being a concept definition which is accepted by the mathematical community at large."

Mathematics education
In contemporary education, mathematics education (known in Europe as the didactics or pedagogy of mathematics) is the practice of teaching, learning, and carrying out scholarly research into the transfer of mathematical knowledge.

Although research into mathematics education is primarily concerned with the tools, methods, and approaches that facilitate practice or the study of practice, it also covers an extensive field of study encompassing a variety of different concepts, theories and methods. National and international organisations regularly hold conferences and publish literature in order to improve mathematics education.
Alice Dixson
Jessie Alice Celones Dixson (Tagalog: [ˈalis ˈdiksɔn]; born July 28, 1969) or often misspelled Alice Dixon, is a Filipino actress, commercial model and beauty queen who was crowned Binibining Pilipinas International 1986 and represented the Philippines at the Miss International 1986 competition in Nagasaki, Japan where she finished in the top 15.

Binibining Pilipinas
Binibining Pilipinas (abbreviated as Bb. Pilipinas or BBP; transl. Miss Philippines) is the oldest active national beauty pageant in the Philippines. Founded in 1964, it currently selects Filipina representatives to compete in one of the Big Four international beauty pageants—Miss International, as well as representatives to other international pageants, such as The Miss Globe.
1768 Appenzella
1768 Appenzella (prov. designation: 1965 SA) is a rare-type Nysian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 23 September 1965, by Swiss astronomer Paul Wild at Zimmerwald Observatory near Bern, Switzerland. It was later named after the Swiss canton of Appenzell.

Paul Wild (Swiss astronomer)
Paul Wild (German: [ˈvɪlt]; 5 October 1925 – 2 July 2014) was a Swiss astronomer and director of the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern, who discovered numerous comets, asteroids and supernovae.
Electoral district of Burnie
The electoral district of Burnie was a single-member electoral district of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. It centred on the town of Burnie on Tasmania's northern coast.

The seat was created in a redistribution ahead of the 1903 state election from parts of Waratah and West Devon, and was abolished when the Tasmanian parliament adopted the Hare-Clark electoral model in 1909. It had a single member during its existence, Herbert Payne.

Electoral district of West Devon
The electoral district of West Devon was a single-member electoral district of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. It was based in the region surrounding the northern coastal town of Devonport.

The seat was created in a redistribution ahead of the 1871 election from part of the Devon electorate, and was abolished when the Tasmanian parliament adopted the Hare-Clark electoral model in 1909.
Compagnie des omnibus électriques Fribourg–Farvagny
The Compagnie des omnibus électriques Fribourg–Farvagny SA (sometimes abbreviated as F–F, and occasionally also described as Compagnie des omnibus électriques Fribourg–Posieux–Farvagny SA) was a joint-stock company based in Bulle, Switzerland.

Bulle
Bulle (French: [byl] ⓘ; Arpitan: Bulo [ˈbylo] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district of Gruyère in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. In January 2006 Bulle incorporated the formerly independent municipality of La Tour-de-Trême.
Schneibstein
The Schneibstein is a mountain, 2,276 m (7,467 ft) above sea level, in the Hagen Mountains range of the Berchtesgaden Alps. Located on the border between Germany (Bavaria) and Austria (Salzburg), it is popular with tourists and day-trippers due to its ease of access and panoramic views.

Hagen Mountains
The Hagen Mountains (German: Hagengebirge) are a subrange of the Berchtesgaden Alps. They lie mainly in the Austrian state of Salzburg, the western quarter is in the Bavarian county of Berchtesgadener Land.
The steep western flanks of the Hagen lie in Bavaria and drop 1,700 metres (5,580 ft) in height to the basin of the Berchtesgadener Königssee.
Espagnole sauce
Espagnole sauce (French pronunciation: [ɛspaɲɔl] ⓘ) is a basic brown sauce, and is one of the mother sauces of classic French cuisine. It is a strong-flavoured brown sauce, made from a dark brown roux and brown stock—usually beef or veal stock—and tomatoes or tomato paste.

In the early 19th century the chef Antonin Carême included it in his list of the basic sauces of French cooking. In the early 20th century Auguste Escoffier named it as one of the five sauces at the core of France's cuisine.

Vincent La Chapelle
Vincent La Chapelle (French pronunciation: [vɛ̃sɑ̃ la ʃapɛl]; 1690 or 1703 – 14 July 1745) was a French master cook who is known to have worked for Phillip Dormer Stanhope (4th Earl of Chesterfield) and William IV, Prince of Orange.
KIM-1
The KIM-1, short for Keyboard Input Monitor, is a small 6502-based single-board computer developed and produced by MOS Technology, Inc. and launched in 1976. It was very successful in that period, due to its low price (thanks to the inexpensive 6502 microprocessor) and easy-access expandability.

Punched tape
Punched tape or perforated paper tape is a form of data storage that consists of a long strip of paper through which small holes are punched. It was developed from and was subsequently used alongside punched cards, the difference being that the tape is continuous.

Punched cards, and chains of punched cards, were used for control of looms in the 18th century. Use for telegraphy systems started in 1842. Punched tapes were used throughout the 19th and for much of the 20th centuries for programmable looms, teleprinter communication, for input to computers of the 1950s and 1960s, and later as a storage medium for minicomputers and CNC machine tools. During the Second World War, high-speed punched tape systems using optical readout methods were used in code breaking systems. Punched tape was used to transmit data for manufacture of read-only memory chips.
2013 Zippo 200 at The Glen
The 2013 Zippo 200 at The Glen was the 21st stock car race of the 2013 NASCAR Nationwide Series and the 19th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, August 10, 2013, in Watkins Glen, New York at Watkins Glen International, a 2.45-mile (3.94 km) permanent road course. The race took the scheduled 82 laps to complete. At race's end, Brad Keselowski, driving for Penske Racing, would dominate the race to win his 24th career NASCAR Nationwide Series win and his fourth of the season. To fill out the podium, Sam Hornish Jr. of Penske Racing and Brian Vickers of Joe Gibbs Racing would finish second and third, respectively.

2013 NASCAR Nationwide Series
The 2013 NASCAR Nationwide Series was the 32nd season of the NASCAR Nationwide Series, the second national professional stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR in the United States. The season was contested over thirty-three races and started on February 23, 2013 at Daytona International Speedway, with the DRIVE4COPD 300, and ended on November 16 with the Ford EcoBoost 300 at Homestead–Miami Speedway. Austin Dillon of Richard Childress Racing won the Drivers' Championship, becoming the first driver in the three major NASCAR series to do so without recording a win. The No. 22 entry of Penske Racing won the Owners' Championship, while Ford won the Manufacturers' Championship.
Metropolitan Turnpike Trust
The Metropolitan Turnpike Trust (officially the Commissioners of the Turnpike Roads in the Neighbourhood of the Metropolis North of the River Thames) was the body responsible for maintaining the main roads in the north of the conurbation of London from 1827 to 1872. The commissioners took over from fourteen existing turnpike trusts, and were empowered to levy tolls to meet the costs of road maintenance.

Kilburn, London
Kilburn is an area in North West London, in the London Boroughs of Camden, Brent and the City of Westminster. Kilburn High Road railway station lies 3.5 miles (5.6 km) north-west of Charing Cross.

Kilburn developed from a linear hamlet that grew up on ancient Watling Street (the modern A5 Road). The hamlet took its name from Kilburn Priory, which was built on the banks of Kilburn Brook. Watling Street forms the contemporary boundary between the boroughs of Brent and Camden.

The area has London's highest Irish population, as well as a sizable Afro-Caribbean population, and was once home to the black civil rights leader Billy Strachan.
Drop Nineteens
Drop Nineteens is an American shoegaze band from Boston, Massachusetts, formed in 1990. The band was formed by Boston University classmates Greg Ackell (vocals, guitar) and Chris Roof (drums), who recruited Paula Kelley (vocals, guitar), Motohiro Yasue (guitar) and Steve Zimmerman (bass). Ackell noted that the band was "the American outlier in a largely British scene."

Originally active from 1990 to 1995, the band underwent significant lineup changes following the release of their debut album Delaware in 1992. The band split in 1995 after releasing two albums. In 2022, Ackell announced Drop Nineteens' reformation, and the following year saw the band release their first new material in 30 years with their third album Hard Light.

Caroline Records
Caroline Records is a record label that was founded in 1973, in the United Kingdom to showcase British progressive rock groups.  The label ceased releasing titles in 1976, and then re-emerged in the United States in 1986. The label released the work of American punk rock, thrash metal and new wave music bands. Caroline had a number of subsidiary labels, including Astralwerks, Gyroscope, Caroline Blue Plate, Beat the World, Scamp and Passenger. In 2013, the brand was relaunched by Universal Music via the Capitol Music Group.
Borya
Borya is a genus of  flowering plants in the family Boryaceae, endemic to Australia.

As of July 2013, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families accepted 11 species: The Western Australia Flora lists nine current taxa.

Borya constricta Churchill - Western Australia

Borya laciniata Churchill - Western Australia

Borya longiscapa Churchill - Western Australia

Borya nitida Labill. - Recherche Archipelago, Western Australia

Borya scirpoidea Lindl. - Western Australia

Borya sp. Wheatbelt (A.S. George 16470)

Borya sphaerocephala R.Br. - Western Australia

Borya stenophylla M.D.Barrett  - Western Australia

Borya subulata G.A.Gardner - Western Australia

Borya jabirabela Churchill - Northern Territory

Borya septentrionalis F.Muell. - Queensland

Borya inopinata P.I.Forst. & E.J.Thomps. - Queensland

Borya mirabilis Churchill - Victoria

Borya sphaerocephala
Borya sphaerocephala is a perennial herbaceous plant found in southwest Australia. A common name for the species is pincushions. The height is 20–200 millimetres, White flowers appear between August and October. The species is associated with the region's granite outcrops, occurring in depressions and seasonally wet areas, growing in crevices and at the edge of moss mats. As a resurrection plant it is able to withstand seasonal dehydration of its environ. The species was first described by Robert Brown, published in his 1810 work on Australian plants. A combination Baumgartenia sphaerocephala, currently regarded as synonym, was published by Kurt Sprengel several years after Brown.