hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Turicum (automobile)
The Turicum was a Swiss automobile manufactured from 1904 to 1906 in Zürich and from 1907 to 1912 in Uster. The car's name Turicum is the Latin name of Zürich. The first car made by Martin Fischer was a small single-seater go-kart like vehicle. The car was 140 cm (55 in) long, with pedal-operated steering and powered by a motorcycle engine. The car had a chain drive, while a second prototype had a friction drive. The friction drive consisted of a flat steel disc coupled to the engine that drove a small, leather-covered wheel running at right angles to its surface. The small wheel could be moved across the surface of the large disc, giving a variable gear ratio. The cars attracted little public interest. Swiss industrialist Jakob Heusser was involved in the venture.

Uster
Uster (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈʊstər]; Zurich German: Uschter, pronounced [uʃːtər]) is a town and the capital of the Uster District in the Swiss canton of Zürich.

The importance of the town of Uster has grown considerably with the construction of the S-Bahn network of the Zürich Transport Network. With over 36,000 inhabitants, it is the third largest town in the canton and is one of the twenty largest towns in Switzerland. Along with Wetzikon, it forms one of the two centres of the Zürcher Oberland. Uster is located next to a lake, called Greifensee.

The official language of Uster is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.

The town of Uster received the Wakker Prize in 2001.
Eat the Rich (Motörhead song)
"Eat the Rich" is a song by British heavy metal band Motörhead. It was released as a single in 1987, in 7" and 12" vinyl pressings. Both formats featured the B-side "Cradle to the Grave", and the 12" also included "Just 'Cos You Got the Power".

The title song was written for Peter Richardson's 1987 film Eat the Rich, starring the regular cast of The Comic Strip: the song also features on the Motörhead album Rock 'n' Roll

The Dutch single released by Roadrunner Records took the title track of the album as the A-side in place of "Eat the Rich", keeping "Cradle to the Grave" as the B-side. The sleeve used the artwork on the album cover, both sleeve designs were created by Joe Petagno.

Rock 'n' Roll (Motörhead album)
Rock 'n' Roll is the eighth studio album by English rock band Motörhead, released in August 1987. It is their last album with the GWR label, as more legal issues embroiled the band with yet another label. Reaching only No. 34 in the UK Albums Chart, Rock 'n' Roll was, in that respect, the worst performing of all of Motörhead's top 40 chart hits.

It would see the return of 'classic line up' drummer Phil "Philthy Animal" Taylor, albeit only for a few more years before being fired.
50th Battalion (Calgary), CEF
The 50th Battalion (Calgary), CEF, was an infantry battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the Great War. The 50th Battalion was authorized on 7 November 1914 and embarked for Britain on 27 October 1915. The battalion disembarked in France on 11 August 1916, where it fought as part of the 10th Canadian Infantry Brigade, 4th Canadian Division, in France and Flanders until the end of the war.  The battalion was disbanded on 30 August 1920.

The 50th Battalion recruited in and was mobilized at Calgary, Alberta.

Battle of Amiens (1918)
The Battle of Amiens, also known as the Third Battle of Picardy  was the opening phase of the Allied offensive which began on 8 August 1918, later known as the Hundred Days Offensive, which ultimately led to the end of World War I. Allied forces advanced over 11 kilometres (7 mi) on the first day, one of the greatest advances of the war, with Gen Henry Rawlinson's British Fourth Army, with nine of its 19 divisions supplied by the fast-moving Australian Corps of Lt General John Monash and Canadian Corps of Lt General Arthur Currie, and Gen Marie Eugène Debeney's French First Army playing a decisive role. The battle is also notable for its effects on both sides' morale and the large number of surrendering German forces. This led Erich Ludendorff to later describe the first day of the battle as "the black day of the German Army". Amiens was one of the first major battles involving armoured warfare.
Anders Nielsen (politician)
Anders Nielsen (30 May 1862 – 13 June 1914) was a Danish farmer, editor, politician, and Minister for Agriculture. He was elected for Venstre, and served as minister from 1908 to 1909 in the governments of both Niels Neergaard and Ludvig Holstein-Ledreborg, and again in the Klaus Berntsen government from 1910 to 1913.

Niels Neergaard
Niels Thomasius Neergaard (27 June 1854 – 2 September 1936) was a Danish historian and political figure, a member of the Liberal Moderate Venstre and since 1910 of Venstre. He served as Council President of Denmark between 1908 and 1909 and as Prime Minister of Denmark and Finance Minister from 1920 to 1924. He was also minister of defence from 1908 to 1909, and finance minister on three more occasions: August to October 1909, 1910 to 1913 and 1926 to 1929.
Montego Bay railway station
Montego Bay railway station opened in 1894 and closed in 1992 when all passenger services in Jamaica abruptly ceased. It served the Kingston to Montego Bay main line with branches from May pen to Frankfield, Spanish Town to Ewarton, Bog Walk to Port Antonio and Linstead to New Works. It was 112.75 miles (181.45 km) from the Kingston terminus.

Kingston railway station, Jamaica
Kingston railway terminus was built in the Jamaica Georgian architectural style using brick. It was constructed on a grand scale, symbolising its importance as the main terminus of the Jamaica railways. It has prominent arcades on both levels of the east entrance end. Victorian cast iron brackets support the roof overhang on the trackside. It has sash windows on the ground and upper floors.

It was opened in 1845 and closed in 1992. It provided rail services to Montego Bay, Port Antonio, Ewarton and Frankfield. In addition to the station and its single platform there were extensive sidings, engine sheds, engine repair works, a roundhouse, a turntable, a traverser and a connection to the nearby railway piers.

One source claims it was "utterly destroyed" in the 1907 Kingston earthquake. However, in 2003 it was reported as being in "very good condition" and needing only "minor repairs".

It is on the list of designated National Heritage Sites in Jamaica.
Awa Kokubun-ji (Chiba)
The Awa Kokubun-ji (安房国分寺) is a Buddhist temple located in the Kokubun neighborhood of the city of Tateyama, Chiba, Japan. The temple belongs to the Shingon-shū Chisan-ha sect, and its main image is a statue of Yakushi Nyōrai. It is the modern successor of one of the provincial temples established by Emperor Shōmu during the Nara period (710 – 794) for the purpose of promoting Buddhism as the national religion of Japan and standardising control of imperial rule over the provinces. The foundation stones of the original temple was designated as a Tateyama city Historic Site in 1957, and a Chiba Prefectural Historic Site in 1992.

Tateyama, Chiba
Tateyama (館山市, Tateyama-shi) is a city located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 November 2020, the city had an estimated population of  44,865 in 20,558 households and a population density of 410 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 110.05 square kilometres (42.49 sq mi).
Hal Hinte
Harold Hinte (January 25, 1920 – February 3, 1996) was an American professional football player who was an end in the National Football League (NFL) for the Green Bay Packers and Pittsburgh Steelers during the 1942 NFL season. He played college football for the Pittsburgh Panthers. After his brief football career, he served in the United States Army during World War II and was a high school basketball and football coach.

1942 NFL season
The 1942 NFL season was the 23rd regular season of the National Football League. Before the season, many players left for service in World War II, thus depleting the rosters of all the teams.

The ten teams of the NFL each played a 11 game schedule during the 1942 regular season, for a league total of 55 contests.

Continuing their  Chicago Bears finished the regular season at 11–0, and faced the 10–1 Washington Redskins in the championship game. Washington, which had been embarrassed by a massive 73–0 shutout loss in the 1940 Championship Play-off, got a measure of revenge by spoiling the Bears' hope for a perfect season, winning the rematch 14–6.
Sliding window based part-of-speech tagging
Sliding window based part-of-speech tagging is used to part-of-speech tag a text.

A high percentage of words in a natural language are words which out of context can be assigned more than one part of speech. The percentage of these ambiguous words is typically around 30%, although it depends greatly on the language. Solving this problem is very important in many areas of natural language processing. For example in machine translation changing the part-of-speech of a word can dramatically change its translation.

Sliding window based part-of-speech taggers are programs which assign a single part-of-speech to a given lexical form of a word, by looking at a fixed sized "window" of words around the word to be disambiguated.

The two main advantages of this approach are:

It is possible to automatically train the tagger, getting rid of the need of manually tagging a corpus.

The tagger can be implemented as a finite state automaton (Mealy machine)

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
Sołdany Wielkie
Sołdany Wielkie [sɔu̯ˈdanɨ ˈvjɛlkʲɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Janowiec Kościelny, within Nidzica County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-east of Janowiec Kościelny, 14 km (9 mi) south-east of Nidzica, and 57 km (35 mi) south of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Janowiec Kościelny
Janowiec Kościelny [jaˈnɔvjɛt͡s kɔɕˈt͡ɕɛlnɨ] is a village in Nidzica County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Janowiec Kościelny.
Benishangul-Gumuz conflict
The Benishangul-Gumuz conflict was an armed conflict mostly in the Metekel Zone of the Benishangul-Gumuz Region in Ethiopia that started in 2019, until peace agreement signed between the rebel groups and the government of Ethiopia in October 2022.

Amhara Region coup attempt
The 2019 Amhara Region coup d'état attempt was an attempted coup d'état against the Amhara Regional government on 22 June 2019, during which factions of the Amhara Region's Peace and Security Bureau assassinated the Amhara Regional President Ambachew Mekonnen. A bodyguard siding with the nationalist factions also assassinated General Se'are Mekonnen, the Chief of General Staff of the Ethiopian National Defense Force, as well as his aide Major General Gizae Aberra.

The prime minister's office accused Brigadier General Asaminew Tsige, head of the Amhara Region's Peace and Security Bureau, of leading the plot. Asaminew was later shot dead after escaping.
UTM parameters
Urchin Tracking Module (UTM) parameters are five variants of URL parameters used by marketers to track the effectiveness of online marketing campaigns across traffic sources and publishing media. They were introduced by Google Analytics' predecessor Urchin and, consequently, are supported out of the box by Google Analytics. The UTM parameters in a URL identify the campaign that refers traffic to a specific website, and attribute the browser's website session and the sessions after that until the campaign attribution window expires to it. The parameters can be parsed by analytics tools and used to populate reports.

This example URL has four of the five UTM parameters highlighted:

https://www.example.com/page?utm_content=buffercf3b2&utm_medium=social&utm_source=snapchat.com&utm_campaign=buffer

Query string
A query string is a part of a uniform resource locator (URL) that assigns values to specified parameters. A query string commonly includes fields added to a base URL by a web browser or other client application, for example as part of an HTML document, choosing the appearance of a page, or jumping to positions in multimedia content.

A web server can handle a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) request either by reading a file from its file system based on the URL path or by handling the request using logic that is specific to the type of resource. In cases where special logic is invoked, the query string will be available to that logic for use in its processing, along with the path component of the URL.
Tacit Networks
Tacit Networks, Inc. was an American technology company based in South Plainfield, New Jersey, that developed wide area file services (WAFS) and WAN optimization products for enterprises with distributed and branch-office environments. The company’s main product line, iShared, used caching and protocol-acceleration techniques intended to improve file and application performance over wide area networks. Tacit also expanded into mobile backup and synchronization through its acquisition of Mobiliti in early 2006. It was founded in 2000.

South Plainfield, New Jersey
South Plainfield is a borough in northern Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The borough is situated on the border with Union County in the Raritan Valley region, within the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 24,338, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 953 (+4.1%) from the 23,385 recorded at the 2010 census, which in turn reflected an increase of 1,575 (+7.2%) from the 21,810 counted in the 2000 census.

South Plainfield was incorporated by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 12, 1926, from portions of Piscataway, based on the results of a referendum passed on April 6, 1926. The borough's name derives from Plainfield, which derived its name from a local estate or from its scenic location.
Combrook
Combrook (also spelt Combroke and - more rarely - Combrooke) is a small village of about 65 houses in rural Warwickshire, located near the junction of the Fosse Way (B4455 road), and the B4086 road between the villages of Wellesbourne and Kineton. The population taken at the 2011 census was 159.

Wellesbourne
Wellesbourne is a large village in the civil parish of Wellesbourne and Walton, in the county of Warwickshire, in the West Midlands region of England. In the 2021 census the parish had a population of 7,283, a significant increase from 5,849 In the 2011 census. The civil parish was renamed from Wellesbourne to Wellesbourne and Walton on 1 April 2014.

Wellesbourne sits on the A429 road, and is located around 7 miles (11 km) south of Warwick and 5 miles (8.0 km) east of Stratford-upon-Avon. Nearby villages include Loxley, Hampton Lucy, Charlecote, Walton and Kineton.
Walter Weidauer
Walter Weidauer (28 July 1899 – 13 March 1986) was a German politician.   He was the "lord mayor" (Oberbürgermeister) of Dresden during the most intensive period of the city's rebuilding, between 1946 and 1958.

Christian Democratic Union (East Germany)
The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (German: Christlich-Demokratische Union Deutschlands, CDU) was an East German political party founded in 1945.  It was part of the National Front with the Socialist Unity Party and a bloc party until 1989.

It contested the free elections in 1990 as an arm of the West German Christian Democratic Union, into which it merged after German reunification later that same year.
Aurangzeb: The Man and the Myth
Aurangzeb: The Man and the Myth is a 2017 biography of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb by historian Audrey Truschke. The book was published by Penguin Random House in India and later by Stanford University Press in the United States under the title Aurangzeb: The Life and Legacy of India's Most Controversial King. It aims to deconstruct popular myths about Aurangzeb and place his rule within a nuanced historical framework.

Stanford University Press
Stanford University Press (SUP) is the publishing house of Stanford University. It is one of the oldest academic presses in the United States and the first university press to be established on the West Coast. It is currently a member of the Association of University Presses. The press publishes 130 books per year across the humanities, social sciences, and business and has more than 3,500 titles in print.
The Teaching of Vimalakīrti
The Teaching of Vimalakīrti (Vimalakīrtinirdeśa), originally titled in French L'Enseignement de Vimalakīrti (Vimalakīrtinirdeśa), is a study and translation of the Vimalakirti Sutra (VKN) by Étienne Lamotte. The English translation by Sara Boin was published in 1976 by the Pali Text Society. The original French-language book was published in 1962 by the Catholic University of Leuven's Institut orientaliste/Instituut voor Oriëntalisme.

Lamotte used about 200 Sanskrit and Tibetan manuscripts to collate and corroborate the material for the book. The advice of Lamotte, Arnold Kunst, and other scholars was used to complete the English edition.

Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society is an academic journal which publishes articles on the history, archaeology, literature, language, religion and art of South Asia, the Middle East (together with North Africa and Ethiopia), Central Asia, East Asia and South-East Asia. It has been published by the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland since 1834. The current editor is Daud Ali.
KGMO
KGMO (100.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting from Cape Girardeau, Missouri, and reaching portions of southern Illinois, Southeast Missouri, northeast Arkansas, the Missouri Bootheel, Western Kentucky, and the northern portion of West Tennessee with its 100,000-watt signal.

Its current format is classic rock, although it has had an oldies format in the past.  At one time, KGMO had an AM sister station, KGMO (AM).  The AM station was where (politically) conservative radio & TV personality Rush Limbaugh got his first job as a disc jockey, in his hometown, but was fired after six months.  That station is now KAPE, which is affiliated with a majority of the Fox News and Fox Sports Radio programming.

Cape Girardeau, Missouri
Cape Girardeau (/dʒɪˈrɑːrdoʊ/ jirr-AR-doh, French: Cap-Girardeau [kap ʒiʁaʁdo] ⓘ; colloquially referred to as "Cape") is a city in Cape Girardeau and Scott counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. The population was 39,540 at the 2020 census, making it the 17th-largest city in the state. It is a principal city of the Cape Girardeau–Jackson metropolitan area with 97,517 residents. Cape Girardeau is the economic center of southeastern Missouri and the home of Southeast Missouri State University. It is located approximately 100 miles (160 km) southeast of St. Louis and 150 miles (240 km) north of Memphis, Tennessee.
Bink (music producer)
Roosevelt Harrell III (born February 20, 1972), known professionally as Bink, is an American hip hop producer from Norfolk, Virginia, who is noted for his work with Roc-A-Fella Records artists. His most high-profile work has been Jay-Z's critically acclaimed album The Blueprint, for which he produced three tracks. He is sometimes credited as Bink! or Bink Dog. In 2011, Bink and American-reggae artist Atiba finished a collaborative album titled Foreigner. A release date for the project has yet to be announced.

Bishop Lamont
Philip Brandon Martin (born October 31, 1978), better known as Bishop Lamont, is an American rapper from Carson, California. He was signed to Dr. Dre's Aftermath Entertainment record label and released one project under the label, eventually leaving in 2010.
Airolaf
Airolaf (Arabic: إيرولاف) is a town in the Tadjoura Region in northwestern Djibouti and in the centre of the Tadjoura Region. It is located some 115 kilometres northwest of the national capital, Djibouti City. Airolaf is known for its temperate, cool climate – the coolest area in Djibouti. The town is overlooked by Goda Mountains, the third tallest mountain in Djibouti. One of the distinctive features of Airolaf countryside is the widespread growing of vegetables.

Djibouti City
Djibouti (also called Djibouti City and Jibuti in early Western texts) is the capital city of the Republic of Djibouti. It is located in the coastal Djibouti Region on the Gulf of Tadjoura.

Djibouti has a population of around 780,000 inhabitants, which counts for 73% of the country's population. The settlement was founded in 1888 by the French, on land leased from the ruling Somali and Afar Sultans. During the ensuing period, it served as the capital of French Somaliland and its successor the French Territory of the Afars and Issas.
Okele
Okele, also known as "swallows" in pidgin Nigeria English, is a Yoruba food category for various starchy foods eaten with soups. Ingredients used to make okele include yam, fermented cassava, cassava granules with hot water, plantain, wheat flour, yam flour, potato and cocoyam.  Okele can also be made from rice, millet, sorghum and corn. Okele in Yoruba cuisine includes iyan (pounded yam), eba, fufu, amala, lafun, semo, poundo, pupuru and potato fufu.

Yam (vegetable)
Yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus Dioscorea (family Dioscoreaceae) that form edible tubers (some other species in the genus being toxic).

Yams are perennial herbaceous vines native to Africa, Asia, and the Americas and cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in many temperate and tropical regions. The tubers themselves, also called "yams", come in a variety of forms owing to numerous cultivars and related species.
Buffalo Partial Reserve
Buffalo Partial Reserve is a protected area in Angola. It lies on the western slope of the Angolan highlands in Benguela Province, east of the city of Benguela.

The partial reserve covers an area of 400 km2. It protects portions of the Angolan Miombo woodlands and Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands ecoregions.

Benguela Province
Benguela (Umbundu: Luombaka Volupale) is a province of Angola, situated in the west of the country. It lies on the Atlantic Ocean, and borders the provinces of Cuanza Sul, Namibe, Huila, and Huambo. The province has an area of 39,826 square kilometres (15,377 sq mi) and its capital is Benguela. According to the 2014 census, there were 2,231,385 inhabitants in the province. The current governor of Benguela is Isaac dos Anjos.
Inonotus obliquus
Inonotus obliquus, commonly called chaga (/ˈtʃɑːɡə/; a Latinization of the Russian word ча́га), is a fungus in the family Hymenochaetaceae. It is parasitic on birch and other trees. The sterile conk is irregularly formed and resembles burnt charcoal. It is not the fruiting body of the fungus, but a sclerotium or mass of mycelium, mostly black because of a substantial amount of melanin. It is commonly marketed as a dietary supplement for various health benefits but lacks sufficient scientific evidence for safety or effectiveness, and quality can vary due to inconsistent processing and labeling.

Oxalate
Oxalate (systematic IUPAC name: ethanedioate) is an anion with the chemical formula C2O2−4. This dianion is colorless. It occurs naturally, including in some foods. It forms a variety of salts, for example sodium oxalate (Na2C2O4), and several esters such as dimethyl oxalate ((CH3)2C2O4). It is a conjugate base of oxalic acid. At neutral pH in aqueous solution, oxalic acid converts completely to oxalate.