hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Utricularia micropetala
Utricularia micropetala is a small annual carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. It is endemic to western tropical Africa and is found in the Central African Republic, Guinea, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. U. micropetala grows as a terrestrial plant among wet rocks at altitudes up to 1,500 m (4,921 ft). It was originally described by James Edward Smith in 1819. It can be distinguished from all other species in section Oligocista by the large and inflated spur and very short lower corolla lip.

Utricularia sect. Oligocista
Utricularia sect. Oligocista is the largest section in the genus Utricularia. The 42 species in this section are small to medium-sized terrestrial carnivorous plants native throughout the tropics, with six species in the Americas, ten in Africa, five in Australia, and the remainder in Asia, with 17 mostly native to peninsular India. Alphonse Pyrame de Candolle originally described and published this section in 1844. Peter Taylor published his taxonomic monograph of Utricularia in 1986, in which he placed this section within subgenus Utricularia. More recent phylogenetic data and revisions have reinstated subgenus Bivalvaria and have placed this section within it.
Syntactic bootstrapping
Syntactic bootstrapping is a theory in developmental psycholinguistics and language acquisition which proposes that children learn word meanings by recognizing syntactic categories (such as nouns, adjectives, etc.) and the structure of their language. It is proposed that children have innate knowledge of the links between syntactic and semantic categories and can use these observations to make inferences about word meaning. Learning words in one's native language can be challenging because the extralinguistic context of use does not give specific enough information about word meanings. Therefore, in addition to extralinguistic cues, conclusions about syntactic categories are made  which then lead to inferences about a word's meaning. This theory aims to explain the acquisition of lexical categories such as verbs, nouns, etc. and functional categories such as case markers, determiners, etc.

Developmental linguistics
Developmental linguistics is the study of the development of linguistic ability in an individual, particularly the acquisition of language in childhood. It involves research into the different stages in language acquisition, language retention, and language loss in both first and second languages, in addition to the area of bilingualism. Before infants can speak, the neural circuits in their brains are constantly being influenced by exposure to language. Developmental linguistics supports the idea that linguistic analysis is not timeless, as claimed in other approaches, but time-sensitive, and is not autonomous  – social-communicative as well as bio-neurological aspects have to be taken into account in determining the causes of linguistic developments.
Maria Pia de Saxe-Coburgo e Bragança
Maria Pia de Saxe-Coburgo e Bragança (March 13, 1907 – May 6, 1995), also known by her literary pseudonym Hilda de Toledano, was a Portuguese writer and journalist who claimed to be the bastard daughter of King Carlos I of Portugal. From 1932 she also claimed the right to the title of Duchess of Braganza and to be the rightful heiress to the throne of Portugal.

Maria Pia of Braganza claimed that King Carlos I legitimized her through a royal decree and placed her in the line of succession, however no proof was presented to demonstrate this and the King similarly did not have the personal authority to do so. Maria Pia's paternity was never proven and her claim to the throne or of royal ancestry never widely accepted.

Amélie of Orléans
Amélie of Orléans (French: Marie Amélie Louise Hélène; 28 September 1865 – 25 October 1951) was the last Queen of Portugal as the wife of Carlos I of Portugal. She was regent of Portugal during the absence of her husband in 1895.
Bream Head
Bream Head is a promontory on the east coast of Northland in the North Island of New Zealand. Located at the end of a 30 kilometre-long peninsula, the head juts into the Pacific Ocean to the southeast of Whangārei. The Te Whara Track in the Bream Head Scenic Reserve is at least 700 years old. The Hen and Chicken Islands are located off the headland at a distance of 12 kilometres. It forms the northern extremity of Bream Bay, and guards the entrance to Whangārei Harbour, a natural inlet extending to the northwest. The Marsden Point Oil Refinery is located on the opposing shore of the harbour five kilometres to the west.

To Bream Head's immediate north is a long sandy beach called Ocean Beach.

Marsden Point Oil Refinery
Marsden Point Oil Refinery was an oil refinery located at Marsden Point, Whangārei, Northland, New Zealand, which operated from 1964 to 2022. It was the only significant oil refinery in New Zealand, and was owned and operated by the New Zealand Refining Company (later Refining NZ, then Channel Infrastructure), a consortium of oil companies. The refinery was shut down in 2022 and dismantled.

The point was named after Samuel Marsden. The regional survey map shows it was called Marsden Point in 1907.
Montezuma (Sessions opera)
Montezuma is an opera in three acts by the American composer Roger Sessions, with an English libretto by Giuseppe Antonio Borgese that incorporates bits of the Aztec language, Nahuatl, as well as Spanish, Latin, and French.

Though Sessions did not receive Borgese's libretto (in first draft) until 1941, and work on the opera proceeded in an irregular fashion after ("Sessions thought that the end of his labor was in sight in the summer of 1952. He was mistaken, and the work on Montezuma was suspended"), the opera incorporates, essentially unchanged, sketches (from Sessions' notebooks) dating from the late 1930s, and was completed on October 15, 1963.

Michael Steinberg (music critic)
Carl Michael Alfred Steinberg (4 October 1928 – 26 July 2009) was an American music critic and author who specialized in classical music. He was best known, according to San Francisco Chronicle music critic Joshua Kosman, for "the illuminating, witty and often deeply personal notes he wrote for the San Francisco Symphony's program booklets, beginning in 1979." He contributed several entries to the New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, wrote articles for music journals and magazine, notes for CDs, and published a number of books on music, both collected published annotations and new writings.
Česko Slovenská SuperStar season 1
Česko Slovenská SuperStar (English: Czech&Slovak SuperStar) is the joint Czech-Slovak version of Idol series' Pop Idol merged from Česko hledá SuperStar and Slovensko hľadá SuperStar which previous to that had three individual seasons each.
The first season premiered in September 2009 with castings held in Prague, Brno, Bratislava and Košice. It is broadcast on two channels: TV Nova (Czech Republic) and Markíza (Slovakia) which have also been the broadcast stations for the individual seasons. Also both hosts have been their hosts countries before as have been three out of the four judges.
To legitimate a fair chance for each country's contestants to reach the final, twelve of the contestants will compete split into genders and nationalities in the semifinals, guaranteeing a 50% share for each country in the top 12.

SuperStar (Czech and Slovak TV series)
SuperStar (previously known as Česko Slovenská SuperStar) is a joint Czech-Slovak version Česko hledá SuperStar and SuperStar Search Slovakia based on the Idol franchise. Three seasons of this competition were broadcast separately in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, but in 2009, they were merged to reduce costs and increase attractiveness for viewers.

The first season premiered in September 2009 with castings held in Prague, Brno, Bratislava, and Košice. It aired on two channels, TV Nova (Czech Republic) and Markíza (Slovakia), which have also been the broadcast stations for the individual seasons.

Determining to legitimate a fair chance for each country's contestants to reach the final, twelve contestants split into genders and nationalities in the semifinals, assuming a 50% share for each country in the top 12.
2019 Zhengzhou Open – Doubles
Duan Yingying and Wang Yafan were the defending champions, but Wang chose to compete in Nanchang instead. Duan played alongside Zheng Saisai, but lost in the first round to Lesley Pattinama Kerkhove and Bibiane Schoofs.

Nicole Melichar and Květa Peschke won the title, defeating Yanina Wickmayer and Tamara Zidanšek in the final, 6–1, 7–6(7–2).

2019 Jiangxi International Women's Tennis Open
The 2019 Jiangxi International Women's Tennis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 6th edition of the event, and part of the International category of the 2019 WTA Tour. It took place in Nanchang, China, from September 9 – 15, 2019.
Medial inguinal fossa
The medial inguinal fossa is a depression located within the inguinal triangle on the peritoneal surface of the anterior abdominal wall between the ridges formed by the lateral umbilical fold and the medial umbilical ligament, corresponding to the superficial inguinal ring.

Lateral umbilical fold
The lateral umbilical fold is an elevation (on either side of the body) of the peritoneum lining the inner/posterior surface of the lower anterior abdominal wall formed by the underlying inferior epigastric artery and inferior epigastric vein which the peritoneum covers. Superiorly, the lateral umbilical fold ends where the vessels reach and enter the rectus sheath at the arcuate line of rectus sheath; in spite of the name, the lateral umbilical folds do not extend as far superiorly as the umbilicus. Inferiorly, it extends to just medial to the deep inguinal ring.

Each lateral umbilical fold is situated lateral to the ipsilateral medial umbilical fold. Unlike the median and medial umbilical folds, the contents of the lateral umbilical fold remain functional after birth.
Fat-finger error
A fat-finger error is a keyboard input error or mouse misclick that occurs from a simple input mistake, causing unwanted secondary behavior. In common parlance, it simply refers to a common typographical error made on a touchscreen or physical keyboard that occurs when the wrong selection is made, or multiple selections are made due to options or keyboard keys being too close together.

In the context of financial markets, a fat finger error is specifically an instance where the details of a buy or sell order are mistakenly entered by a trader.

Order (exchange)
An order is an instruction to buy or sell on a trading venue such as a stock market, bond market, commodity market, financial derivative market or cryptocurrency exchange. These instructions can be simple or complicated, and can be sent to either a broker or directly to a trading venue via direct market access. There are some standard instructions for such orders.
Tectonic phase
In structural geology and petrology, a tectonic phase or deformation phase is an episode of rock deformation caused by tectonic forces. Geologists recognize these phases by observing changes in the direction of forces acting within the Earth and by identifying patterns formed in the rocks, such as folds, faults, or  mineral grain alignments. These phases can be extensional or compressional in nature.

When a sequence of tectonic phases occurs within the same geodynamic setting, they together record the development of an orogeny, or mountain-building event. In many Phanerozoic orogenies, multiple deformation phases can be distinguished through structural evidence, and these phases may be accompanied by metamorphism.

Petrology
Petrology (from Ancient Greek  πέτρος (pétros) 'rock' and  -λογία (-logía) 'study of') is the branch of geology that studies rocks, their mineralogy, composition, texture, structure and the conditions under which they form. Petrology has three subdivisions: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary petrology. Igneous and metamorphic petrology are commonly taught together because both make heavy use of chemistry, chemical methods, and phase diagrams. Sedimentary petrology is commonly taught together with stratigraphy because it deals with the processes that form sedimentary rock. Modern sedimentary petrology is making increasing use of chemistry.
Suomen huippumalli haussa season 6
Suomen huippumalli haussa, Cycle 6 is the sixth season of the Suomen huippumalli haussa series that began to air on 15 March 2017. The judging panel was revamped with Maryam Razavi as the host, and Juri Silvennoinen and Marica Rosengård as co-judges. Additionally, male hopefuls were allowed to apply introducing a co-ed cycle.

The winner of the competition was 20 year old Jerry Koivisto from Hämeenkyrö. He won a modeling contract with Paparazzi Model Management, appeared on the cover of Cosmopolitan, a trip to New York City for castings and a diamond jewelry box from Alexander Tillander.

Suomen huippumalli haussa
Suomen huippumalli haussa (English: Search for Finland's top model) is a Finnish reality show based on America's Next Top Model. The series premiered on 6 April 2008, on the Finnish channel Nelonen. The show is produced by FremantleMedia.

The winner of cycle one, Ani Alitalo, was awarded a €25,000 contract with Paparazzi Model Management, the front cover of Finnish Cosmopolitan and became a spokesperson for Max Factor. The winners of cycles two (Nanna Grundfeldt) and three (Jenna Kuokkanen) also won the same awards, however, there was no announced cash prize for the modeling contract, and there were two additional casting trips to Milan for Grundfeldt, and a trip to New York for Kuokkanen as part of the prize.
Karczów, Łódź Voivodeship
Karczów [ˈkart͡ʂuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wielgomłyny, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Wielgomłyny, 19 km (12 mi) east of Radomsko, and 85 km (53 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Wielgomłyny
Wielgomłyny [vjɛlɡɔmˈwɨnɨ] is a village in Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wielgomłyny. It lies approximately 23 km (14 mi) east of Radomsko and 88 km (55 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
Braunweiler
Braunweiler is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Rüdesheim, whose seat is in the municipality of Rüdesheim an der Nahe. Braunweiler is a winegrowing village.

Kreisstraße
A Kreisstraße (German pronunciation: [ˈkʁaɪsˌʃtʁaːsə], lit. 'district road' or 'county road') is a class of road in Germany. It carries traffic between the towns and villages within a Kreis or district or between two neighbouring districts. In importance, the Kreisstraße ranks below a Landesstraße (or, in Bavaria and Saxony, a Staatstraße, i.e. a state road), but above a Gemeindestraße or "local road". Kreisstraßen are usually the responsibility of the respective rural district (Landkreis) or urban district (Kreisfreie Stadt), with the exception of high streets through larger towns and villages. Kreisstraßen are usually dual-lane roads but, in a few cases, can be built as limited-access dual carriageways in densely populated areas.
1991 Athens Open
The 1991 Athens Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Athens, Greece that was part of the World Series of the 1991 ATP Tour. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and was held from 30 September until 7 October 1991. First-seeded Sergi Bruguera won the singles title.

1991 ATP Tour
The 1991 IBM ATP Tour was the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the ATP Tour. The IBM ATP Tour included the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series and the ATP Tour World Championships. The World Team Cup, Davis Cup (organized by the ITF) and Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF) are included in this calendar but did not count towards the Tour.
Cherax preissii
Cherax preissii, the common koonac, is a Western Australian freshwater crustacean in the Parastacidae family.

Its common name of "koonac" is also applied to another Western Australian Cherax species of crustacean C. glaber, the "glossy koonac", which is restricted to a much smaller region of WA.

Koonacs can grow up to 20 cm and may be coloured black and red, dark brown, or bluish black. They have broad, serrated claws and four keels on the head, two of which are prominent.

Parastacidae
The Parastacidae are the family of freshwater crayfish found in the Southern Hemisphere. The family is a classic Gondwana-distributed taxon, with extant members in South America, Madagascar, Australia, New Zealand, and New Guinea, and extinct taxa also in Antarctica.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Cranston, Rhode Island
This is a list of Registered Historic Places in Cranston, Rhode Island.

‹ The template below (NRHP date for lists) is being considered for deletion. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus. ›          This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted June 20, 2025.

Cranston, Rhode Island
Cranston, formerly known as Pawtuxet, is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The official population of the city in the 2020 United States Census was 82,934, making it the second-largest city in the state. The center of population of Rhode Island is located in Cranston. Cranston is a part of the Providence metropolitan area.

The Town of Cranston was created in 1754 from a portion of Providence north of the Pawtuxet River. After losing much of its territory to neighboring towns and the city of Providence, Cranston itself became a city on March 10, 1910.
Wrong way risk
In the field of finance, a wrong way risk (WWR) occurs when credit exposure to a counterparty is negatively correlated with the credit quality of that counterparty. In other words, the more a party gains on a trade, the more likely it is for the counterparty to default. It is a source of concerns for banks and regulators, as it increases the overall counterparty credit risk.

It is opposed to right way risk (RWR), which occurs when one party's payment obligations are positively correlated to the same party's credit worthiness and thus reduces the overall counterparty credit risk.

Exposure at default
Exposure at default (EAD) is a parameter used in the calculation of economic capital or regulatory capital under Basel II for a banking institution. It can be defined as the gross exposure under a facility upon default of an obligor.

Outside of Basel II, the concept is sometimes known as credit exposure (CE). It represents the immediate loss that the lender would suffer if the borrower (counterparty) fully defaults on its debt.

The EAD is closely linked to the expected loss, which is defined as the product of the EAD, the probability of default (PD) and the loss given default (LGD).
Art Briles
Arthur Ray Briles (born December 3, 1955) is an American football coach who is currently the head football coach at Eastern New Mexico University. Briles was the head coach of the Houston Cougars from 2002 to 2007 and the Baylor Bears from 2008 to 2015. He is the author of Beating Goliath: My Story of Football and Faith (2014). He is the subject of a biography written by Nick Eatman titled Looking Up: My Journey from Tragedy to Triumph (2013).

Italian Football League
Italian Football League (IFL; the name is in English) is the top level American football league in Italy first established in 1978. The first recognized league champion was crowned in 1980.

The annual final playoff game to determine the league champion is called the Italian Bowl, that awards, for American football, the title of "champion of Italy" and the scudetto.
Phraya Manavaratsevi
Phraya Manavaratsevi or Manawaratchasewi (Thai: พระยามานวราชเสวี), born as Plot Wichian Na Songkhla (Thai: ปลอด วิเชียร ณ สงขลา), was regent to Rama IX of Thailand for 15 years and was a secretary-general of the Office of the Council of State, a director-general of the Attorney General, a secretary of the Thai Bar, a Speaker of the House of Representatives, a President of the National Assembly of Thailand, a member and president of the Privy Council, and an Extraordinary Professor of the University of Moral and Political Sciences.

Regent of Thailand
A regent of Thailand (Thai: ผู้สำเร็จราชการแทนพระองค์) is a person who exercises the official functions of a monarch of Thailand when the monarch is incapable of functioning or during a period of interregnum.
Jarod Grant
Jarod Grant (born April 1998) is an American bare-knuckle boxer and mixed martial artist. He fights bare knuckle and currently competes in BYB Extreme Fighting Series.

He is a former interim BKFC Bantamweight Champion. As a mixed martial artist, he has competed in the featherweight division.

2021 in Bare Knuckle Fighting Championship
The year 2021 was the fourth year in the history of the Bare Knuckle Fighting Championship, a bare-knuckle fighting promotion based in Philadelphia. The year consisted of 13 events, including an inaugural Fight Night event alongside nine title fights. The promotion also saw the inception of the new Cruiserweight division and its inaugural title fight at BKFC 18.
Isidro Vamenta
Isidro Vamenta y Abrogar was a Filipino politician. He served the Mayor of Cagayan de Misamis from 1908 to 1909. He later represented the second district of the then-undivided province of Misamis from 1928 to 1931 and the lone district of Misamis Oriental from 1931 to 1934, from 1939 to 1941, and from 1943 to 1944. He studied law at the Escuela de Derecho.

Mayor of Cagayan de Oro
The mayor of Cagayan de Oro (Filipino: Punong lungsod ng Cagayan de Oro) is the head of the local government of the city who elected to three year terms. The Mayor is also the executive head and leads the city's departments in executing the city ordinances and improving public services. The city mayor is restricted to three consecutive terms, totaling nine years, although a mayor can be elected again after an interruption of one term.
Point Weyland
Point Weyland is a headland located on the west coast of Eyre Peninsula in South Australia about 4 kilometres (2.5 miles) west south-west of the town of Venus Bay and about 51 kilometres (32 miles) north north-west of the town of Elliston.  The point which is located within Anxious Bay is the southern extremity of the opening to Venus Bay.  The point is described by one source as being "a conspicuous cliffy point, 89 m (292 ft) high, stands close S[outh] W[est] of the entrance of Venus Bay" and "rises to a height of 96 m (315 ft),  close N[orth] and slopes inland toward Venus Bay".  It was named by Matthew Flinders on 10 February 1802.  The point has been within the boundary of the Venus Bay Conservation Park since 1977 while the waters adjoining its shoreline have been within a habitat protection zone in the West Coast Bays Marine Park since 2012.

Eyre Peninsula
The Eyre Peninsula is a triangular peninsula in South Australia. It is bounded by the Spencer Gulf on the east, the Great Australian Bight on the west, and the Gawler Ranges to the north.

Earlier called Eyre's Peninsula, it was named after explorer Edward John Eyre, who explored parts of the peninsula in 1839–41. The coastline was first charted by the expeditions of Matthew Flinders in 1801–02 and French explorer Nicolas Baudin around the same time. Flinders also named the nearby Yorke's Peninsula and Spencer's Gulph on the same voyage.

The peninsula's economy is primarily agricultural, with growing aquaculture, mining, and tourism sectors. The main towns are Port Lincoln in the south, Whyalla and Port Augusta in the northeast, and Ceduna in the northwest. Port Lincoln (Galinyala in Barngarla), Whyalla and Port Augusta (Goordnada) are part of the Barngarla Aboriginal country.: 230  Ceduna is within Wirangu country.