hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paschimbhag copperplate inscription
The Pahcimbhag copperplate inscription, Srichandra Paschimbhag copperplate inscription or simply Chandrapur inscription is a copperplate inscription issued in 935 by Srichandra, the second king of the Chandra Dynasty of south-east Bengal. The inscription was discovered in the village of Paschimbhag, Moulvibazar district (then a Mahakuma). It is one of 12 known copperplate inscriptions by Chandra Dynasty kings. The inscription is mainly a deed of donation, in which Srichandra grants lands for many Brahmins and for nine monasteries in the Sylhet region, which formed Chandrapur University, named after Srichandra. It includes a detailed description of the Chandra kingdom and the Palas and Kamboja Pala rulers of Bengal and refers to the society of pre-medieval Bengal.

Sylhet Division
Sylhet Division (Bengali: সিলেট বিভাগ, pronounced [sileʈ bibʱaɡ] ⓘ) is the northeastern division of Bangladesh. It covers an area of approximately 12,298 km2 (4,748 sq mi), and shares international borders with the Indian states of Meghalaya, Assam and Tripura to the north, east and south respectively—while domestically it adjoins the divisions of Chattogram to the southwest and Dhaka and Mymensingh to the west. Renowned for its lush tea gardens, rolling hills and vibrant cultural heritage—Sylhet's capital is its namesake, and the fifth-largest urban agglomeration in Bangladesh.

Prior to Partition in 1947, it included Karimganj subdivision (presently in Barak Valley, Assam, India). However, Karimganj (including the thanas of Badarpur, Patharkandi and Ratabari) was inexplicably severed from Sylhet by the Radcliffe Boundary Commission. According to Niharranjan Ray, it was partly due to a plea from a delegation led by Abdul Matlib Mazumdar.
2,3,6-Trimethoxyamphetamine
2,3,6-Trimethoxyamphetamine (2,3,6-TMA), also known as TMA-5, is a psychedelic drug and mild stimulant of the phenethylamine and amphetamine families. It is one of the possible positional isomers of trimethoxyamphetamine and is a positional isomer of 3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA or TMA-1).

PiHKAL
PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story, also known as Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved, is a book by Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin published in 1991. The subject of the work is psychoactive phenethylamine chemical derivatives, notably those that act as psychedelics and/or entactogens. The book has two halves, with the second part containing detailed entries on 179 phenethylamines. PiHKAL was followed by TiHKAL: The Continuation (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved) (1997).
1975 Amco Cup
The 1975 Amco Cup was the 2nd edition of the NSWRFL Midweek Cup, a NSWRFL-organised national Rugby League tournament between the leading clubs and representative teams from the NSWRFL, the BRL, the CRL, the QRL and the NZRL.

A total of 28 teams from across Australia and New Zealand played 27 matches in a straight knock-out format, with the matches being held midweek during the premiership season.

Amco Cup
The Amco Cup (subsequently known by various other sponsors' names including the Tooth Cup, KB Cup, National Panasonic Cup and Panasonic Cup) was a mid-week rugby league competition held in Australia between 1974 and 1989. The format was usually a straight knock-out, but various group formats were used between 1979 and 1982. It aired on Channel Ten with Ray Warren and Keith Barnes the commentators for many years. The concept was created by Colin McLennan.
Friedland, Brandenburg
Friedland (German pronunciation: [ˈfʁiːtˌlant] ⓘ; Lower Sorbian: Bryland) is a town in the Oder-Spree district, in Brandenburg, Germany. It is situated in the historic Lower Lusatia region, about 8 km (5.0 mi) south of Beeskow, and 39 km (24 mi) north of Cottbus.

Province of Brandenburg
The Province of Brandenburg (German: Provinz Brandenburg) was a province of Prussia from 1815 to 1947. Brandenburg was established in 1815 from the Kingdom of Prussia's core territory, comprised the bulk of the historic Margraviate of Brandenburg (excluding Altmark) and the Lower Lusatia region, and became part of the German Empire in 1871. From 1918, Brandenburg was a province of the Free State of Prussia until Prussia was dissolved in 1945 after World War II, and replaced with reduced territory as the State of Brandenburg in East Germany, which was later dissolved in 1952. Following the reunification of Germany in 1990, Brandenburg was re-established as a federal state of Germany, becoming one of the new states.

Brandenburg's provincial capital alternated between Potsdam, Berlin, and Charlottenburg during its existence.
2010 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II – Pool A
Group A of the 2010 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II was one of two pools in the Europe/Africa Zone Group II of the 2010 Fed Cup. Four teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom two teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top teams played for advancement to Group I, while the bottom teams faced potential relegation to Group III.

2010 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2010 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II were the final stages of the Group I Zonal Competition involving teams from Europe and Africa. Using the positions determined in their pools, the sixteen teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2005 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II. The top two teams advanced to Group I, and the bottom two teams were relegated down to the Group III for the next year.
J. B. Tyrrell Historical Medal
The J. B. Tyrrell Historical Medal is an award of the Royal Society of Canada "for outstanding work in the history of Canada." It was established in 1927, endowed by the Canadian geologist and amateur historian Joseph Burr Tyrrell. The medal is awarded every two years if there is a suitable candidate. The award consists of a gold plated silver medal.

Royal Society of Canada
The Royal Society of Canada (RSC; French: Société royale du Canada, SRC), also known as the Academies of Arts, Humanities, and Sciences of Canada (French: Académies des arts, des lettres et des sciences du Canada), is the senior national, bilingual council of distinguished Canadian scholars, humanists, scientists, and artists in Canada.

As Canada's national academy, the RSC exists to promote Canadian research and scholarly accomplishment in both of Canada's official languages; advise governments, non-governmental organizations, and Canadians generally on matters of public interest; recognize academic and artistic excellence; and mentor young scholars and artists.
2008 Caribbean Cup
The 2008 Caribbean Cup (known as the Digicel Caribbean Cup for sponsorship reasons) is the 2008 edition of the Caribbean Championship, an international football championship for national teams affiliated with the Caribbean Football Union (CFU) of the CONCACAF region. The finals were held in Jamaica from 3–14 December 2008. The four semifinalists – Jamaica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, and Cuba – all qualified for the 2009 edition of the CONCACAF Gold Cup, although Cuba later withdrew and was replaced by Haiti.

Qualifying began in July 2008. The qualifying rounds were used to qualify a total of six teams to the final round of the tournament to join the hosts, Jamaica, and the reigning champions, Haiti, who were given direct entry to the final group stage. The name was changed this year from Digicel Caribbean Cup to Digicel Caribbean Championship.

Caribbean Cup
The Caribbean Cup was an association football competition organized by CFU as its top regional tournament for men's senior national teams from the Caribbean. The tournament was held from 1989 to 2017, as the direct successor competition of the CFU Championship and also served as a qualification method for the CONCACAF Gold Cup.

Trinidad and Tobago, eight-time champions, and Jamaica, six-time champions, were the most successful teams, winning a combined 14 titles of 18 editions. Martinique, Haiti, Cuba and Curaçao also won the tournament.

In 1990 on the day of the final, an insurrection in Trinidad and Tobago, the host nation, by the Jamaat al Muslimeen forced an abandonment of the tournament with only the final and 3rd place play-off game remaining. Also, the tournament was not held in 2000, 2002 and 2003.

The 2017 edition of the tournament was the 19th and final. The tournament was discontinued in favour of participation in the CONCACAF Nations League.
Craesus
Craesus is a genus of insects belonging to the family Tenthredinidae.

The species of this genus are found in Europe and Northern America.

Species:

Craesus alniastri

Craesus latipes

Craesus septentrionalis

Craesus septentrionalis
Craesus septentrionalis, the flat-legged tenthred or birch sawfly, is a species of insect in the order Hymenoptera, the suborder Symphyta and the family Tenthredinidae. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The adult sawflies are black and brown with transparent wings and the larvae are yellowish-green and resemble caterpillars. The larvae feed on the leaves of various species of deciduous tree.
Jarosław Hampel
Jarosław "Jarek" Hampel (pronounced [ˈjarɔswaf ˈxampɛl] ⓘ; born 17 April 1982 in Łódź, Poland) is a motorcycle speedway rider from Poland. He is a six times World Cup winner and earned 24 caps for the Poland national speedway team.

Polish Individual Speedway Championship
The Individual Speedway Polish Championship (Polish: Indywidualne Mistrzostwa Polski, IMP) is an annual speedway event held each year organized by the Polish Motor Union (PZM) since 1932.

Tomasz Gollob is the most successful rider in the history of the competition, having won it a record eight times.
Indiralohathil Na Azhagappan
Indralohathil Na Azhagappan (transl. Na. Azhagappan in heaven) is a 2008 Indian Tamil-language fantasy comedy film directed by Thambi Ramaiah, who directs his second feature film after Manu Needhi. After the success of Vadivelu's debut film as the protagonist in Imsai Arasan 23m Pulikesi, Ramaiah signed him up for the project.  It is based on the film Rambaiyin Kaadhal (1956).

Apart from Vadivelu, the rest of the cast had been announced after the launch. Despite several indications that two prominent actress, would portray the lead female roles; a debutant, Yamini Sharma and Suja were selected. Nassar, Sumithra and the director himself, play supporting roles, while prominent heroine, Shriya Saran, was recruited to act as a ghost buster and dance in a single song. The film released on 1 February 2008 to largely negative reviews.

Rambaiyin Kaadhal (1956 film)
Rambaiyin Kaadhal (transl. Rambha's Love) is a 1956 Indian Tamil-language Hindu mythological film starring P. Bhanumathi, K. A. Thangavelu and M. N. Rajam. A remake of the 1939 film of the same name, it was released on 28 September 1956.
Porthill, Staffordshire
Porthill is a suburb of Newcastle-under-Lyme and a ward in the Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme in Staffordshire, England. Porthill Bank is the main backbone with streets such as Vale View, First Avenue, and Inglewood Drive leading from it. Clare avenue is the west boundary, with anything before it forming part of the porthill area, including minor streets like Garnett road West and Dain place.  It is a major transport link as the A500 can be easily accessed from the bottom of the bank.

Porthill, along with Bradwell and Wolstanton, is represented on the Staffordshire County Council by Graham Hutton (Conservative), as of 2021.

Newcastle-under-Lyme
Newcastle-under-Lyme is a market town and the administrative centre of the Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme in Staffordshire, England. It is adjacent to the city of Stoke-on-Trent. At the 2021 census, the population was 75,082.

Newcastle grew up in the twelfth century around the castle which gave the town its name, and received its first charter in 1173. The town's early industries included millinery, silk weaving, and coal mining, but despite its proximity to the Potteries it did not develop a ceramics trade.
National Socialist Liberation Front
The National Socialist Liberation Front (NSLF) was an American neo-Nazi organization. The first NSLF was established in 1969 as a youth wing of the National Socialist White People's Party. In 1974, Joseph Tommasi founded another group of the same name, though it was almost entirely unrelated to the original NSLF barring his involvement. The new NSLF was known for its explicitly terroristic approach and actions. After Tommasi was murdered in 1975, he was succeeded successively by several different leaders. The NSLF was shuttered by its final leader, Karl Hand, in 1986.

Spencer Sunshine
Spencer Sunshine is an American independent scholar and political analyst, primarily known for his writings on right-wing extremism. He was an associate fellow at Political Research Associates from 2013 to 2019. In 2024 he published a positively-reviewed academic book on the history and reception of the neo-Nazi book Siege.
Kafr Burayshah
Kafr Burayshah (Arabic: كفر بارجة), also referred to as Kafr Barja or Kefer Parcha, is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. It is located on the Queiq Plain, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of Azaz, 45 km (28 mi) north of the city of Aleppo, and 3 km (1.9 mi) south of the border with the Turkish province of Kilis.

The village administratively belongs to Nahiya Sawran in Azaz District. Nearby localities include Nayarah 4 km (2.5 mi) to the southwest and Shamarikh 3 km (1.9 mi) to the northwest.

Shamarikh
Shamarikh (Arabic: شمارخ; Turkish: Şımarık) is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. It is located on the Queiq Plain, 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) northeast of Azaz, 45 km (28 mi) north of the city of Aleppo, and 2.5 km (1.6 mi) south of the border with the Turkish province of Kilis.

The village administratively belongs to Nahiya Azaz in Azaz District. Nearby localities include Shamarin 1.5 km (0.93 mi) to the north and Tulayl ash-Sham 1.5 km (0.93 mi) to the west. In the 2004 census, Shamarikh had a population of 226.  The village is inhabited by Turkmens. In late 19th century, traveler Martin Hartmann noted Shimmarik as a mixed village of Turks and Bedouins, then located in the Ottoman nahiyah of Azaz-i Turkman.
Cyclophellitol
Cyclophellitol is a potent irreversible inhibitor of beta-glucosidases. It is a cyclitol mimic of beta-glucose with an epoxide group in place of the acetal group found in glucosides. When recognized, cyclophellitol undergoes an acid-catalyzed ring-opening addition reaction with the catalytic nucleophile of a retaining glycoside hydrolase. The resulting ester linkage cannot be hydrolyzed by the normal catalytic machinery of the enzyme, resulting in irreversible inhibition.

Cyclophellitol was originally isolated from a species of Phellinus mushroom found in Japan. The first total chemical synthesis of cyclophellitol was demonstrated by Tatsuta et al. Synthetic derivatives of cyclophellitol have been used for the detection of enzymes such as glucocerebrosidase, deficiency of which results in Gaucher's disease.

Cyclitol
In organic chemistry, a cyclitol is a cycloalkane containing at least three hydroxyl, each attached to a different ring carbon atom.  Most commonly, cyclitol refers to cyclic sugar alcohol. Cyclitols and their derivatives are some of the compatible solutes that are formed in a plant as a response to salt or water stress. Cyclitols are minor components of trees. Some cyclitols (e.g. quinic or shikimic acid) are parts of hydrolysable tannins.

Even simple cyclitols can be complicated by different isomeric possibilies. For example, there are three different constitutional isomers of cyclohexanetriol: 1,2,3-, 1,2,4-, and 1,3,5-. And even though there is only one reasonably stable constitutional isomer of cyclohexanehexol (inositol), there are nine stereoisomers possible.
Nomakhaya Mdaka
Nomakhaya Mavis Mdaka is a South African politician who served in the National Assembly from 2004 to 2014, representing variously the United Democratic Movement (UDM), the United Independent Front (UIF), and the African National Congress (ANC). She defected from the UDM to the UIF during the floor-crossing period of 2005 and then from the UIF to the ANC during the floor-crossing period of 2007. After she resigned from the National Assembly in November 2014, Mdaka joined the African Transformation Movement (ATM).

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
Diocese of Ubon Ratchathani
The Diocese of Ubon Ratchathani (Dioecesis Ubonratchathaniensis, Thai: สังฆมณฑลอุบลราชธานี) is a Latin Catholic ecclesiastical jurisdiction located in north-east Thailand. It is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Thare and Nonseng.

The diocese covers an area of 53,917 square kilometres (20,817 sq mi), covering seven provinces of Thailand - Amnat Charoen, Maha Sarakham, Roi Et, Sisaket, Surin, Ubon Ratchathani and Yasothon. In 2001, of the 7.7 million citizens, 24,760 were members of the Catholic Church. It is divided into 55 parishes, with 42 priests altogether.

Maha Sarakham province
Maha Sarakham province, also written Maha Sarakham or Mahasarakham (Thai: มหาสารคาม, pronounced [mā.hǎː sǎː.rā.kʰāːm]; Northeastern Thai: มหาสารคาม, pronounced [mā.hǎː sǎː.lāː.kʰâːm]), known locally and simply as Sarakham (Thai: สารคาม, pronounced [sǎː.rā.kʰāːm]; Northeastern Thai: สารคาม, pronounced [sǎː.lā.kʰâːm]), is one of the 76 provinces (changwat) of Thailand. It lies in central northeastern Thailand, also called Isan. Its neighbouring provinces are (from north clockwise): Kalasin, Roi Et, Surin, Buriram, and Khon Kaen.

The town of Maha Sarakham is the provincial capital. It is the home of Mahasarakham University, one of the largest universities in northeast Thailand with 41,000 students (2017),  and Rajabhat Mahasarakham University.
Hamdi Salihi
Hamdi Abdullah Salihi (born 19 January 1984) is an Albanian retired professional footballer who played as a forward. He is the assistant manager of the Albanian men's national football team. Nicknamed 'The Bomber' by his former international coach Otto Barić who would compare him to Gerd Müller, Salihi is known for being a prolific goalscorer both in Albania and Austria, the two countries where he has spent the majority of his career. He earned 50 international caps for Albania and was a regular starter from 2009 to 2013.

SV Ried
SV Ried, commonly known as SV Oberbank Ried for sponsorship reasons, is an Austrian association football club based in Ried im Innkreis, Upper Austria. The team plays its home matches at Josko Arena, a stadium with a capacity of 7,680. The team will play in the Austrian Football Bundesliga, the top tier of the Austrian football league system, following promotion in the 2024–25 Austrian 2. Liga season.
Bill C-45
Bill C-45 is the name of various legislation introduced into the House of Commons of Canada, including:

Jobs and Growth Act, an omnibus bill introduced in 2012 to the first session of the 41st Parliament

Cannabis Act, introduced in 2017 to the only session of the 42nd Parliament

Jobs and Growth Act
The Jobs and Growth Act, 2012 (French: Loi de 2012 sur l’emploi et la croissance, informally referred to as Bill C-45) is an Act of the Parliament of Canada. It was passed in December 2012 from the second omnibus bill introduced by the Conservative government to implement its 2012 budget, following the passage of the Jobs, Growth and Long-term Prosperity Act in June 2012. Both bills attracted controversy both for their size (>450 pages each) and for the breadth of provisions contained that were not fiscally related.
Caraffa del Bianco
Caraffa del Bianco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of Reggio Calabria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 605 and an area of 12.3 square kilometres (4.7 sq mi).

Caraffa del Bianco borders the following municipalities: Bianco, Casignana, Ferruzzano, Sant'Agata del Bianco.

The revolutionary Rocco Verduci (1824-1847) was born at Caraffa del Bianco.

Casignana
Casignana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in region of Calabria, Italy and located about 35 km (22 mi) east of Reggio Calabria.

It is best known for the monumental ancient Roman villa at Palazzi di Casignana which can be visited.
MTV Video Music Award for Best K-Pop
The MTV Video Music Award for Best K-Pop award was first introduced at the MTV Video Music Awards in 2019. It was criticized by K-pop fans for segregating their artists from major categories such as Video of the Year and Artist of the Year.

BTS and Lisa are the most-awarded artists in this category, having won the award three times. BTS, Tomorrow X Together, and Stray Kids are the most-nominated acts with four nominations each.

MTV Video Music Award for Artist of the Year
The MTV Video Music Award for Artist of the Year is given at the annual MTV Video Music Awards. It was first introduced at the 2017 MTV Video Music Awards, replacing both the MTV Video Music Award for Best Male Video and Best Female Video as MTV wanted to eliminate gender-specific awards.

Ed Sheeran was the first recipient of the award in 2017. Ariana Grande has the most nominations in the category with five, winning the award in 2019. The Jonas Brothers is the only group that has been nominated for this award, receiving a nomination in 2019.
2018 Liège–Bastogne–Liège Femmes
The second edition of Liège–Bastogne–Liège Femmes, a road cycling one-day race in Belgium, was held on 22 April 2018. It was the ninth event of the 2018 UCI Women's World Tour. The race started in Bastogne and finished in Ans, containing four categorized climbs, covering a total distance of 135.5 km.

Anna van der Breggen won the race after she broke clear from Amanda Spratt on the uphill run-up towards the finish. Annemiek van Vleuten was third. It was van der Breggen's second Ardennes classics win of the week after she won Flèche Wallonne, and her fourth World Tour one-day victory of 2018.

Côte de Saint-Nicolas
50°38′26″N 5°32′19″E﻿ / ﻿50.64056°N 5.53861°E﻿ / 50.64056; 5.53861

The Côte de Saint-Nicolas is a climb of Wallonia in the municipality of Saint-Nicolas in Belgium. It is often included in the Liège–Bastogne–Liège cycling classic, where it comes as one of the last difficulties, at approximately 6 km from the finish in the neighbouring municipality of Ans. With a length of 1.4 km at an average gradient of 7.6%, it is often a decisive site of the race.

The climb is nicknamed The Italian Hill, because of the composition of its immigrant population and their descendants – often from Sicily and the South of Italy. Their presence is particularly expressed by the many Italian flags hanging outside the windows, especially during race day of Liège–Bastogne–Liège.