hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mufi Hannemann
Muliufi Francis Hannemann (born July 16, 1954) is an American politician, businessman, and non-profit executive. He was elected twice as  Mayor of Honolulu in 2004 and 2008. Hannemann has served as a special assistant in Washington, D.C., with the Department of the Interior, where he was selected for a White House fellowship in the Reagan administration under Vice President George H. W. Bush. He also served as chairman of the Honolulu City Council. He is the first person of Samoan descent and the second member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to serve as Mayor of Honolulu (Neal Blaisdell was the first).

Mayor of Honolulu
The mayor of Honolulu is the chief executive officer of the City and County of Honolulu. An office established in 1900 and modified in 1907, the mayor of Honolulu is elected by universal suffrage of residents of Honolulu to no more than two four-year terms. The City and County of Honolulu's elected officials include the mayor, the prosecuting attorney, and councilmembers representing nine districts.

The mayor of Honolulu has full control over appointment and removal of administrators, is invested with absolute control over department heads, wields veto power over the Honolulu City Council and has substantial control over the budget, totaling in excess of US$1 billion.
Apolo Municipality
Apolo Municipality is the first municipal section of the Franz Tamayo Province in the  La Paz Department, Bolivia. Its seat is Apolo.

Apolo Municipality is bordered to the east by Beni Department, San Buenaventura and Palos Blancos Municipalities, to the west by Peru and Pelechuco Municipality, to the north by Ixiamas and San Buenaventura Municipalities and to the south by Teoponte, Guanay, Mapiri and Charazani Municipalities.

Ixiamas Municipality
Ixiamas Municipality is the first municipal section of the Abel Iturralde Province in the  La Paz Department, Bolivia. Its seat is Ixiamas.

In 2019, the municipality created the Área Municipal de Conservación y Manejo del Bajo Madidi (about 1,535,487 hectares (15,355 km2)); its creation received technical support from Conservation International Bolivia. Work in the area has also included support for sustainable production initiatives with Indigenous communities.
1966 Liberty Bowl
The 1966 Liberty Bowl was a post-season American college football bowl game between the Virginia Tech Gobblers and the Miami Hurricanes, both independent programs. The eighth edition of the Liberty Bowl, it was played on December 10, 1966, at Memphis Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee. The game was the final contest of the 1966 NCAA University Division football season for both teams, and ended in a 14–7 victory for Miami. A then-record 39,101 tickets were sold for the game, but due to 36 °F (2 °C) temperatures at game time, only 25,012 spectators attended.

Liberty Bowl
The Liberty Bowl is an annual American college football bowl game played in late December or early January since 1959. For its first five years, it was played at Philadelphia Municipal Stadium in Philadelphia before being held at Atlantic City Convention Hall in 1964. Since 1965, the game has been held at Simmons Bank Liberty Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee. Because of the scheduling of the bowl game near the end of the calendar year, no game was played during calendar years 2008 or 2015, while two games were played in calendar years 2010 and 2016.

Since 2004, the game has been sponsored by Memphis-based auto parts retailer AutoZone and officially known as the AutoZone Liberty Bowl. Previous sponsors include St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (1993–1996) and AXA Financial (1997–2003).
Galilee (ship)
Galilee was a brigantine, built in 1891, designed by Matthew Turner. She started on the packet line between San Francisco and Tahiti and was reckoned a very fast ship. In 1905 she was chartered by the Carnegie Institution's Department of Terrestrial Magnetism and converted into a magnetic observatory. She was used to make observations of Earth's magnetic field on three cruises over a period of three years from 1905 to 1908 in the Pacific Ocean.

Problems with magnetic materials that it had not been possible to replace on Galilee, led to the building of the Carnegie in 1909, which was constructed with virtually no magnetic materials. Galilee was later rigged as a schooner, had a diesel engine fitted and was used in the fishing industry before being beached in 1933, ending her active career. The stern and part of the bow are preserved in two different places in California.

Matthew Turner (shipbuilder)
Matthew Turner (June 17, 1825 – February 10, 1909) was an American sea captain, shipbuilder and designer. He constructed over 270 vessels, the majority of which were built in the Matthew Turner shipyard in Benicia. He built more sailing vessels than any other single shipbuilder in America, and can be considered "the 'grandaddy' of big time wooden shipbuilding on the Pacific Coast."
Gaita navarra
The gaita narvarra is a double reeded flute-like folk instrument originating from Navarra, Spain.  The gaita narvarra is very similar to the Spanish folk instrument known as the dulzaina.  Both are variants of shawms, from Spain.  The reeds of the gaita are very similar to bassoon reeds.

While the word gaita is commonly translated from Spanish as "bagpipe", many instruments which share the term in part of their name bear little resemblance to bagpipes.  The gaita navarra utilizes double reeds and most resembles an oboe, unable to be considered a true bagpipe in that it lacks a bag or drone.

This instrument is typically played for Processional Giants better known as "Gigantes" or "Erraldoiak" in Euskera.

Double reed
A double reed is a type of reed used to produce sound in various wind instruments. In contrast with a single-reed instrument, where the instrument is played by channeling air against one piece of cane which vibrates against the mouthpiece and creates a sound, a double reed features two pieces of cane vibrating against each other. This means, for instruments with the double reed fully exposed, that the air flow can be controlled by the embouchure from the top, bottom and sides of the reed. The term double reeds can also refer collectively to the class of instruments which use double reeds.
Georgetown, Delaware
Georgetown is a town in and the county seat of Sussex County, Delaware, United States. As of the 2020 census, Georgetown had a population of 7,134.

Georgetown is part of the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Salisbury metropolitan area
The Salisbury, MD Metropolitan Statistical Area is a United States Census Bureau–designated metropolitan area centered in and around Salisbury, Maryland, including two counties in Maryland: Somerset and Wicomico.  Until 2023, the Salisbury MSA also included Worcester County.

Under the previous CBSA definition, the metropolitan area had a population of 423,481 residents as of the 2020 census. In addition, under the previous Combined Statistical Area definition, the Salisbury-Cambridge, MD-DE Combined Statistical Area of the Salisbury metropolitan area with the Cambridge micropolitan statistical area had a total 2020 population of 456,012.
Cotheret Building
The Cotheret Building is an historic structure located at 536 4th Avenue in the Gaslamp Quarter, San Diego, in the U.S. state of California.

According to the Gaslamp Quarter historic building marker number 8 which is posted onto the structure's façade, the Cotheret Building was constructed in 1903 and is the only building currently standing in the Gaslamp Quarter with an original second story balcony. The upstairs of the building has operated as rented rooms under the names of the Cotheret, Ardmore, and Gaslamp Hotel. The Canary Cottage, run by San Diego's most notorious madam, Ida Bailey, was located behind this very structure. The narrow alley found to the right of the building provided Bailey's patrons access to the cottage and the Fan Tan Gambling House.

Plaque for the building, 2016

Gaslamp Quarter, San Diego
The Gaslamp Quarter is a historic neighborhood in downtown San Diego, California. It extends from Broadway to Harbor Drive and from 4th to 6th Avenue. The neighborhood is listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places as the Gaslamp Quarter Historic District. It includes over 90 historic buildings, most of which were constructed in the Victorian era; many are in use as restaurants, shops, entertainment venues, and nightclubs.

The Gaslamp Quarter is known for its nightlife. It is the site of various events and festivals, including Mardi Gras in the Gaslamp, Taste of Gaslamp, and ShamROCK, a St. Patrick's Day event. Petco Park, home of the San Diego Padres, is one block away in the East Village neighborhood.
Northern Military District (MD N)
The Northern Military District (Swedish: Norra militärdistriktet, MD N) was a military district within the Swedish Armed Forces from 2000 to 2005. Its staff was located in Boden Garrison in Boden, Sweden. The military district included Västernorrland, Jämtland, Västerbotten and Norrbotten counties.

Boden Garrison
Boden Garrison (Swedish: Bodens garnison) is a major garrison in Sweden, located in and around Boden in Norrbotten County. The garrison has during the 20th century been, and still is, the largest garrison in Sweden, consisting of several units of the Swedish Armed Forces as well as Boden Fortress.
Meghradzor
Meghradzor (Armenian: Մեղրաձոր, lit. 'valley of honey'; formerly known as Taycharukh) is a village in the Kotayk Province of Armenia, 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Hrazdan. The village is located to the south of the Pambak mountain range, along the left bank of the Marmarik River.

The village was founded by immigrants from Aratsap in 1830 and is well known for its famous honey; hence, the name Meghradzor literally translates to valley of honey. The community has a secondary school, kindergarten, first aid station, house of culture, and library. The local economy is heavily dependent on agriculture, based predominantly on beekeeping, cattle-breeding, and farming (potatoes, cabbages, and grains). There is also a disused gold mine north of Meghradzor that has been in use since the 19th century. In the foothills nearby, to the south, is the 12th-century walled Chalcedonian Armenian Tejharuyk Monastery. The nearby village of Gorgoch is also included in the community of Meghradzor.

Hrazdan
Hrazdan (Armenian: Հրազդան [həɾɑzˈdɑn]) is a town and urban municipal community in Armenia serving as the administrative centre of Kotayk Province, located 45 kilometres (28 miles) northeast of the capital Yerevan. As of the 2011 census, the population of the town is 44,231.

During the Soviet period, Hrazdan was one of the industrialized centres of the Armenian SSR.

The prelacy of the Diocese of Kotayk of the Armenian Apostolic Church is headquartered in Hrazdan.
Petro-Slavyanka
59°48′N 30°30′E﻿ / ﻿59.800°N 30.500°E﻿ / 59.800; 30.500

Petro-Slavyanka (Russian: Пе́тро-Славя́нка) is a municipal settlement in Kolpinsky District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia. Population:  1,085 (2010 census); 1,337 (2002 census); 1,312 (1989 Soviet census).

It consists mostly of single-family houses. It is a place to have a dacha and many people live permanently as well.

It is on the same rail line that goes from St. Petersburg to Kolpino. The rail stop name is Slavyanka. The Slavyanka River also runs through it.

Kolpinsky District
Kolpinsky District  (Russian: Колпинский район) is an administrative and municipal district in Russia. It is one of the 18 raions in Saint Petersburg. Spread over an area of 102.9 km2 (39.7 sq mi), the district had a population of 175,396 in 2022. The city of Kolpino is the seat of the district. The Neva and Izhora rivers confluence near Ust-Izhora in the district.
Miss America 1982
Miss America 1982, the 55th Miss America pageant, was held at the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey on September 12, 1981, on NBC Network. Elizabeth Ward of Arkansas was crowned by Miss America 1981 Susan Powell. She was the second Miss Arkansas to win the title after Donna Axum in 1964.

Miss America
Miss America is an annual competition that is open to women from the United States between the ages of 18 and 28. Originating in 1921 as a "bathing beauty revue", the contest is judged on competition segments with scoring percentages: Private Interview (30%) – a 10-minute press conference-style interview with a panel of judges, On Stage Question (10%) – answering a judge's question onstage, Talent or HER Story (20%) – a performance talent or 90 second speech, Health and Fitness (20%) – demonstrated physical fitness onstage dressed in athletic wear, and Evening Gown (20%) – modeling evening-wear onstage.

The previous year's titleholder crowns the winner. Miss America 2026 is Cassie Donegan of New York, who was crowned on September 7, 2025, at the Dr Phillips Center for the Performing Arts in Orlando, Florida.
December 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
December 7 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - December 9

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on December 21 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For December 8th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on November 25.

Patapios
Patapios of Thebes (fl. 4th century AD) is the patron saint of dropsy. Saint Patapios’ memory is celebrated on 8 December (main celebration) and also at the Tuesday 2 days after the Sunday of Easter (in memory of the day that his relic was discovered). His relic is kept at the female monastery of Saint Patapios at Loutraki, a spa town near Athens, Greece.
Benvenuto Tisi
Benvenuto Tisi (Italian: [beɱveˈnuːto ˈtiːzi]; 1481 – September 6, 1559), also known as Il Garofalo (Italian: [il ɡaˈrɔːfalo]), was a Late-Renaissance-Mannerist Italian painter of the School of Ferrara. Garofalo's career began attached to the court of the Duke d'Este. His early works have been described as "idyllic", but they often conform to the elaborate conceits favored by the artistically refined Ferrarese court. His nickname, Garofalo, may derive from his habit of signing some works with a picture of a carnation (in Italian, garofano, with a few dated variants).

Pinacoteca di Brera
The Pinacoteca di Brera ("Brera Art Gallery") is the main public gallery for paintings in Milan, Italy. It contains one of the foremost collections of Italian paintings from the 13th to the 20th century, an outgrowth of the cultural program of the Brera Academy, which shares the site in the Palazzo Brera.
Swarajati
Swarajati is a form in Carnatic music, which is helpful before learning a varnam. It has pallavi, sometimes an anupallavi, and at least one charanam. The themes of swarajathis are usually either bhakti, love or courage. It is a composition which usually has a pleasing melody and are suitable for singing in early lessons, musical concerts and dance concerts. The most popular and the oldest known Swarajathi is in Huseni raga, E Mayaladira in Telugu by Melattur Venkatarama Sastry. Swarajatis have been composed in numerous raagas - Bilahari, Hamsadhwani, Kalyani, Janjuti, Kamas, etc.

Anupallavi (music)
In Carnatic music, the anupallavi comes after the pallavi and is usually the second section of any composition. It is then followed by one or more charanams. The anupallavi is optional. In compositions that do not have an anupallavi, there often exists a Samrashti Charanam that combines both the anupallavi and charanam of the composition which directly follows the pallavi. It is usually sung at a higher pitch and adds more beauty to the music. Usually the Anupallavi is shorter than the Charanam . In Sanskrit 'anu' means 'next'.  It literally means 'next to pallavi'.
Großer Weißer See
Großer Weißer See is a lake in Mecklenburgische Seenplatte, Mecklenburgische Seenplatte, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. At an elevation of 59.8 metres (196 ft), its surface area is 0.27 square kilometres (0.10 sq mi).

Mecklenburg Lake Plateau
The Mecklenburg Lake Plateau or Mecklenburg Lakeland (German: Mecklenburger / Mecklenburgische Seenplatte or Seenland) is the largest coherent lake and canal region in Germany and is sometimes called "the land of a thousand lakes". There are several nature parks and well-known lakes with unique flora and fauna in the region, such as the Müritz, the biggest German lake lying entirely within Germany, the Plauer See, the Fleesensee, the Tollensesee, the Schmaler Luzin and the Kölpinsee.

Important towns of the region are Neubrandenburg, Neustrelitz, Waren, Röbel, Teterow, Malchow, Mirow and Plau am See.
Teuthowenia megalops
Teuthowenia megalops, sometimes known as the Atlantic cranch squid, is a species of glass squid from the subarctic and temperate waters of the northern Atlantic Ocean. They are moderately sized squid with a maximum mantle length of 40 cm (16 in). Their very large eyes are the source for the specific name megalops (Greek for "large eyes"). Like other members of the genus Teuthowenia, they are easily recognizable by the presence of three bioluminescent organs (photophores) on their eyeballs.

Cephalopod limb
All cephalopods possess flexible limbs extending from their heads and surrounding their beaks. These appendages, which function as muscular hydrostats, have been variously termed arms, legs or tentacles.
Betsey Wright
Betsey Ross Wright (born July 4, 1943) is an American lobbyist, activist, and political consultant who worked more than a decade for Bill Clinton in Arkansas.  She served as chief of staff to Governor Clinton for seven years.  As deputy chair of the 1992 Clinton presidential campaign, Wright established the rapid response system that was responsible for defending Clinton's record in Arkansas and promptly answering all personal attacks on the candidate.  During the 1992 campaign, Wright coined the term "bimbo eruptions" to describe rumors alleging extramarital affairs by Clinton.  In the 1990s, Wright was an executive for the Wexler Group, a lobbying firm in Washington, D.C.  She currently resides in Rogers, Arkansas.

Joe Klein
Joe Klein (born September 7, 1946) is an American political commentator and author. He is best known for his work as a columnist for Time magazine and his novel Primary Colors, an anonymously written roman à clef portraying Bill Clinton's 1992 presidential campaign. Klein was a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and is a former Guggenheim Fellow. In April 2006 he published Politics Lost, a book on what he calls the "pollster–consultant industrial complex." He has also written articles and book reviews for The New Republic, The New York Times, The Washington Post, Life, and Rolling Stone.
Citrine canary-flycatcher
The citrine canary-flycatcher (Culicicapa helianthea) is a species of bird in the family Stenostiridae. The term citrine refers to its yellowish colouration.  It is found in Sulawesi and the Philippines. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

It has been observed gathering in mixed-species flocks, with species including Everett's white-eyes, black-naped monarchs, orange-bellied flowerpeckers, elegant tits, crimson sunbirds, garden sunbirds, and Negros striped babblers.

Garden sunbird
The garden sunbird (Cinnyris jugularis), previously known as the olive-backed sunbird, is a species of passerine bird in the family Nectariniidae that is found in the Philippines except on the Palawan island group. It was formerly considered to be conspecific with seven other species: the ornate sunbird, Palawan sunbird, Sahul sunbird, Tukangbesi sunbird, Flores Sea sunbird, South Moluccan sunbird and the Mamberamo sunbird. 
It is a small, brightly coloured bird with olive-green plumage on the wings and back with a bright yellow chest. It has a long downward-curved bill it uses for taking nectar and capturing insects. It is primarily nectarivorous, but will take insects and spiders, particularly when feeding chicks.
2018 Guamanian legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Guam on Tuesday, November 6, 2018, along with the election for the Guam delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives. Before the election, the Democratic Party held nine of the fifteen seats in the Legislature while the Republican Party held six seats.
The election resulted in a gain of one seat for the Democrats and a loss of one seat for Republicans. Democrats also won the race for Guam's US House Delegate.

Michael San Nicolas
Michael Franklin Quitugua San Nicolas (born January 30, 1981) is a Guamanian Democratic Party politician, who served as the delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives for Guam's at-large congressional district from 2019 to 2023. San Nicolas was elected by his colleagues in the 116th United States Congress to serve as vice chair of the United States House Committee on Financial Services. Rather than run for reelection in 2022, San Nicolas ran and lost in the Democratic primary of the 2022 Guamanian gubernatorial election. From 2013 to 2019, San Nicolas served as senator in the 32nd, 33rd, and 34th Guam legislatures.
Camden Water Battery
The Camden Water Battery is a series of defenses established along the banks of the Ouachita River in Camden, Arkansas, during the American Civil War.  These defenses, little more than a series of rifle pits, were built during the fall of 1864, and were designed to address a weakness in Camden's defense that had been observed by both Confederate and Union forces during the failed Camden Expedition, an effort by Union forces to reach Shreveport, Louisiana, from Little Rock.  The defenses are believed to have been built by Texas troops stationed there after the withdrawal of Union forces.

The defenses were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

Ouachita River
The Ouachita River (/ˈwɑːʃɪtɑː/ WAH-shi-tah) is a 605-mile-long (974 km) river that runs south and east through the U.S. states of Arkansas and Louisiana, joining the Tensas River to form the Black River near Jonesville, Louisiana. It is the 25th-longest river in the United States (by main stem).
The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861
The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861 is a 1976 nonfiction book by American historian David M. Potter, who had died in 1971. The book was completed by fellow Stanford University professor Don E. Fehrenbacher and published in 1977 by Harper & Row. It was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for History.

Pulitzer Prize for History
The Pulitzer Prize for History, administered by Columbia University, is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It has been presented since 1917 for a distinguished book about the history of the United States. Thus it is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year. The Pulitzer Prize program has also recognized some historical work with its Biography prize, from 1917, and its General Nonfiction prize, from 1962.

Finalists have been announced since 1980, ordinarily two others beside the winner.
Simraungadh (medieval city)
Simraungadh, (also referred to as Simramapura, Simraongarh or Simroungarh) (/ˈsiːmraʊnɡɜːr/) was a fortified city and the main capital of the Karnats of Mithila, founded by its first ruler, Nanyadeva in 1097. At the present time, the excavations show that the city is located on the India-Nepal border. There is also a municipality by the same name in Nepal.
The archaeological site is currently split between Bara district in Nepal in the north and East Champaran in Bihar, India in the south, both falling within the Mithila cultural region.

Tughlaq dynasty
The Tughlaq dynasty (also known as the Tughluq or Tughluk dynasty; Persian: تغلق شاهیان) was the third dynasty to rule over the Delhi Sultanate in medieval India. Its reign started in 1320 in Delhi when Ghazi Malik assumed the throne under the title of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq and ended in 1413.

The Indo-Turkic dynasty expanded its territorial reach through a military campaign led by Muhammad bin Tughluq, and reached its zenith between 1330 and 1335. It ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for this brief period.