hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Benzole
In the United Kingdom, benzole or benzol is a coal-tar product consisting mainly of benzene and toluene. It was originally used as a "motor spirit", as were petroleum spirits. Benzole was also blended with petrol and sold as a motor fuel under trade names including "National Benzole Mixture" and "Regent Benzole Mixture".

Coal tar
Coal tar (also creosote) is a thick dark liquid that is a by-product of deriving coke and coal gas from coal. Coal tar has both medical and industrial uses. Medicinally, it is a topical medication applied to skin to treat psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis (dandruff).  It may be used in combination with ultraviolet light therapy in a treatment called Goeckerman therapy, which is rarely used clinically, as of 2024.

Industrially, it is a preservative for railroad ties and used in the surfacing of roads. Coal tar was listed as a known human carcinogen in the first Report on Carcinogens from the U.S. Federal Government, issued in 1980, and remains a cancer concern due to the presence of benzene in coal tar skincare products, such as shampoos.
1990 NCAA Division II women's soccer tournament
The 1990 NCAA Division II women's soccer tournament was the third annual NCAA-sponsored tournament to determine the team national champion of Division II women's college soccer in the United States.

The championship was hosted at Barry University in Miami Shores, Florida.

Sonoma State defeated defending champions Barry in the final, 2–0, to claim their first national title.

NCAA Division II women's soccer tournament
The NCAA Division II women's soccer tournament is an annual event organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the national champions of women's collegiate soccer among its Division II members in the United States and Canada. It has been held every year since 1988, except for 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This was the third of the NCAA-sponsored women's soccer tournaments to be established; the NCAA Division I Women's Soccer Championship began in 1981 and the NCAA Division III Women's Soccer Championship in 1986.

Florida Tech is the current champion, winning their first national title in 2025.

Grand Valley State is the most successful program, with seven national titles.
Viktor Goltsev
Viktor Alexandrovich Goltsev (Russian: Ви́ктор Алекса́ндрович Го́льцев; 23 August [O.S. 11 August] 1850 – 1 December [O.S. 18 November] 1906) was a Russian writer, lawyer, journalist, literary critic, publisher, and editor. He was an editor of "Russian Courrier", Russkiye Vedomosti, and Russkaya Mysl.

A Moscow University alumnus, Goltsev authored numerous articles and essays on law and jurisprudence, as well as critical reviews and feuilletons, published in Russkiye Vedomosti, Russkaya Pravda, Golos, Vestnik Evropy, Russkoye Bogatstvo, and Delo. In his much-publicized polemics with Ivan Aksakov and Mikhail Katkov he came across as a staunch proponent of the constitutional rule in Russia.

Ivan Aksakov
Ivan Sergeyevich Aksakov (Russian: Ива́н Серге́евич Акса́ков; October 8 [O.S. September 26] 1823, village Nadezhdino, Belebeyevsky Uyezd, Orenburg Governorate – February 8 [O.S. January 27] 1886, Moscow) was a Russian littérateur and notable Slavophile.
Magnesium citrate
Magnesium citrates are metal-organic compounds formed from citrate and magnesium ions.  They are salts.  One form is the 1:1 magnesium preparation in salt form with citric acid in a 1:1 ratio (1 magnesium atom per citrate molecule). It contains 11.33% magnesium by weight.  Magnesium citrate (sensu lato) is used medicinally as a saline laxative and to empty the bowel before major surgery or a colonoscopy. It is available without a prescription, both as a generic and under various brand names. It is also used in the pill form as a magnesium dietary supplement. As a food additive, magnesium citrate is used to regulate acidity and is known as E number E345.

Food additive
Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance taste, appearance, or other sensory qualities. Some additives, such as vinegar (pickling), salt (salting), smoke (smoking) and sugar (crystallization), have been used for centuries to preserve food. This allows for longer-lasting foods, such as bacon, sweets, and wines.

With the advent of ultra-processed foods in the late 20th century, many additives having both natural and artificial origin were introduced. Food additives also include substances that may be introduced to food indirectly (called "indirect additives") in the manufacturing process through packaging, storage or transport.

In Europe and internationally, many additives are designated with E numbers, while in the United States, additives in amounts deemed safe for human consumption are designated as GRAS.
Outline of semiotics
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to semiotics:

Semiotics – study of meaning-making, signs and sign processes (semiosis), indication, designation, likeness, analogy, metaphor, symbolism, signification, and communication. Semiotics is closely related to the field of linguistics, which, for its part, studies the structure and meaning of language more specifically. Also called semiotic studies, or semiology (in the Saussurean tradition).

Computational semiotics
Computational semiotics is an interdisciplinary field that applies, conducts, and draws on research in logic, mathematics, the theory and practice of computation, formal and natural language studies, the cognitive sciences generally, and semiotics proper. The term encompasses both the application of semiotics to user interface design in software and, conversely, the use of formal methods for performing semiotic analysis. The former focuses on what semiotics can bring to computation; the latter on what computation can bring to semiotics.
2021 12 Hours of Hungary
The 2021 Hankook 12 Hours of Hungary was an endurance sports car race which took place on 2 and 3 October 2021. This was the 7th edition of the 12 Hours of Hungary. It was the sixth round of the 2021 24H GT and TCE Series. The event replaced the 2021 edition of the Coppa Florio on the 24H Series calendar.

2021 24H TCE Series
The 2021 24H Touring Car Endurance Series powered by Hankook was the sixth season of the Touring Car Endurance Series (TCES). Creventic was the organiser and promoter of the series. The races were contested with TCR Touring Cars, TCX cars and TC cars.
Icelandic State Park
Icelandic State Park is a public recreation area on the north shore of Lake Renwick, six miles (9.7 km) west of Cavalier in Akra Township, Pembina County, North Dakota. The state park encompasses more than 900 acres (360 ha), two hundred of which are wooded. The park features a beach, museum, historic buildings, the Pioneer Heritage Center, and the Gunlogson State Nature Preserve.

Tilia americana
Tilia americana is a species of tree in the family Malvaceae, native to eastern North America, from southeast Manitoba east to New Brunswick, southwest to northeast Oklahoma, southeast to South Carolina, and west along the Niobrara River to Cherry County, Nebraska. It is the sole representative of its genus in the Western Hemisphere, assuming T. caroliniana is treated as a subspecies or local ecotype of T. americana. Common names include American basswood and American linden.
Thomas Fane (died 1589)
Thomas Fane (c. 1538–1589) of Badsell Manor in the parish of Tudeley in Kent, and of Mereworth Castle, Kent, was Sheriff of Kent. He is not to be confused with his younger brother, Thomas Fane (died 1607), of Burston, Hunton, Kent, a Member of Parliament for Dover.

Earl of Westmorland
Earl of Westmorland is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of England. The title was first created in 1397 for Ralph Neville. It was forfeited in 1571 by Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland, for leading the Rising of the North. It was revived in 1624 in favour of Sir Francis Fane, whose mother, Mary Neville, was a descendant of a younger son of the first Earl. The first Earl of the first creation had already become Baron Neville de Raby, and that was a subsidiary title for his successors. The current Earl holds the subsidiary title  Baron Burghersh (1624).
1990 Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1990 Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament was played after the conclusion of the 1989–1990 regular season at Redbird Arena on the campus of Illinois State University in Normal, Illinois.

The Illinois State Redbirds defeated the Southern Illinois Salukis in the championship game, 81-78, and as a result won their 2nd MVC Tournament title and earned an automatic bid to the 1990 NCAA tournament.

It was also the final MVC tournament played on a campus site, before moving the entire event to St. Louis the following season.

1991 Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1991 Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament was played after the conclusion of the 1990–1991 regular season at Kiel Auditorium in St. Louis, Missouri.

The Creighton Bluejays defeated the Southwest Missouri State Bears in the championship game, 68-52, and as a result won their 4th MVC Tournament title and earned an automatic bid to the 1991 NCAA tournament.
1958 Cork Junior Football Championship
The 1958 Cork Junior Football Championship was the 60th staging of the Cork Junior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1895.

The final was played on 7 December 1958 at Fitzgerald Park in Fermoy, between Glanmire and Mitchelstown, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Glanmire won the match by 2–07 to 2–05 to claim their third championship title overall and a first championship title in seven years.

1951 Cork Junior Football Championship
The 1951 Cork Junior Football Championship was the 53rd staging of the Cork Junior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1895.

The final, a replay, was played on 25 November 1951 at the Athletic Grounds in Cork, between Glanmire and Delaney Rovers, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Glanmire won the match by 3–02 to 1–05 to claim their third championship title overall and a first championship title in 1937 Cork Junior Football Championship|14 years.
Austria–Switzerland relations
Foreign relations exist between the alpine nations of Austria and Switzerland. Both countries have had diplomatic relations since the Middle Ages.  The Habsburgs, who ruled Austria for more than six centuries, are originally from Aargau, Switzerland. The two countries are predominantly German-speaking. Austria has an embassy in Bern, a general consulate in Zürich and seven honorary consulates (in Basel, Chur, Geneva, Lausanne, Lugano, Lucerne and St. Gallen). Switzerland has an embassy in Vienna and six honorary consulates (in Bregenz, Graz, Innsbruck, Klagenfurt, Linz, and Salzburg). Together, both countries organized the Euro 2008.

Canton of Zurich
The canton of Zurich is an administrative unit (canton) of Switzerland, situated in the northeastern part of the country. With a population of 1,553,423 (as of 31 December 2020), it is the most populous canton of Switzerland. Zurich is the de facto capital of the canton, but is not specifically mentioned in the constitution. The official language is German. The local Swiss German dialect, called Züritüütsch, is commonly spoken.

The canton has the highest Human Development Index score (0.993) out of 1,790 subnational regions as of 2022. It is also a global financial center and has the fourth-highest GRP in Switzerland behind Basel-Stadt, Zug and Geneva by GDP per capita.
Zulumoke Oyibo
Zulumoke Oyibo is a Nigerian film producer, director, media executive and co-founder of Inkblot Productions, a film and television production company based in Nigeria. Since 2015, she has produced and executive-produced numerous commercially successful and critically acclaimed Nollywood films. In 2024, she made her directorial debut with The Betrayed, a psychological thriller. Oyibo was featured in Variety's Women's Impact Report in 2022.

The Wedding Party (2016 film)
The Wedding Party is a 2016 Nigerian romantic comedy drama directed by Kemi Adetiba. It premiered on 8 September 2016 at the Toronto International Film Festival in Canada and on 26 November 2016 at Eko Hotel and Suites in Lagos. The film was released worldwide on 16 December 2016, and became the highest grossing Nigerian film; a record which was broken in 2021 by Omo Ghetto: The Saga.
Northern Railway (Russia)
The Severnaya Railway (Северная железная дорога; "Northern Railway") is a railway network linking Moscow with Arkhangelsk on the coast of the Arctic Ocean. It runs through Arkhangelsk, Komi, Vologda, Kostroma, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, and Vladimir regions of the Russian Federation.

Northern Railway counts its age from 15 September 1868 when its first part, Shuya-Ivanovo Railway connecting Ivanovo, Shuya and Novki, was opened.

The Yaroslavl Railway, owned by Savva Mamontov, was one of the first railways in Russia. The Alexandrov–Yaroslavl–Vologda line was opened in 1872. There are several monuments to Savva Mamontov along the road. The original Moscow–Yaroslavl Mainline is no longer operated from Yaroslavl; it was transferred to the Moscow Railway in 1959.

Moscow Railway
Moscow Railway (Russian: Московская железная дорога) is a subsidiary of Russian Railways that handles half of Russia's suburban railway operations and a quarter of the country's passenger traffic. As of 2009 the railway, which has its headquarters near Komsomolskaya Square in Moscow, employed 73,600 people. It manages railway services in much of Central Russia, including Moscow and Moscow Oblast (all railways except the railroad to Saint Petersburg, which is managed by October Railway), Smolensk, Vladimir, Ryazan, Tula, Kaluga, Bryansk, Oryol, Lipetsk, and Kursk Oblasts.
Tide dial
A tide dial, also known as a mass dial or a scratch dial, is a sundial marked with the canonical hours rather than or in addition to the standard hours of daylight. Such sundials were particularly common between the 7th and 14th centuries in Europe, at which point they began to be replaced by mechanical clocks. There are more than 3,000 surviving tide dials in England and at least 1,500 in France.

Gnomon
A gnomon (/ˈnoʊˌmɒn, -mən/; from Ancient Greek  γνώμων (gnṓmōn) 'one that knows or examines') is the part of a sundial that casts a shadow. The term is used for a variety of purposes in mathematics and other fields, typically to measure directions, position, or time.
2026 United Cup
The 2026 United Cup was the fourth edition of the United Cup, an international outdoor hard court mixed-gender team tennis tournament that was held by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). Serving as the opener for the  2026 ATP Tour and the 2026 WTA Tour, it happened from 2 to 11 January 2026 at two venues in the Australian cities of Perth and Sydney. It was offering both ATP rankings and WTA rankings points to its players: a player was able to win a maximum of 500 points.

Team Poland won the title after beating team Switzerland in the final. It was their third United Cup final and first title.

Team United States were the defending champions but were defeated in the semifinal by team Poland.

Belinda Bencic of Team Switzerland was named the MVP of the tournament.

United Cup
The United Cup is an international hard court tennis competition featuring mixed-gender teams from 18 countries. The first event was held in December 2022 into January 2023. The event is played across multiple Australian cities over 11 days in the leadup to the Australian Open.
Monroe Township School District
The Monroe Township School District is a comprehensive community public school district that serves students in kindergarten through twelfth grade from Monroe Township, in Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the district, comprised of eight schools, had an enrollment of 6,906 students and 546.3 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.6:1.

Students from Jamesburg attend Monroe Township High School as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Jamesburg Public Schools established in 1980.

New Jersey Department of Education
The New Jersey Department of Education (NJ DOE) administers state and federal aid programs affecting more than 1.4 million public and non-public elementary and secondary school children in the state of New Jersey. The department is headquartered in the Judge Robert L. Carter Building in Trenton.
Double Take (Petra album)
Double Take is the Grammy Award winning, eighteenth studio album of the Christian rock band Petra. It was released on February 29, 2000.

The album features 10 new acoustic rearrangements of classic Petra songs. It also features two new songs ("Breathe In" and "The Longing"). The song "Breathe In" is sung by guitarist Pete Orta. It was written completely by him.

This is the only album to feature Trent Thomason on keyboards.

PFR (band)
PFR is a Christian rock group from Minneapolis, Minnesota. Although the group initially disbanded in 1997, they  periodically reunited from 2001 to 2013 and recorded two albums in that time. They reunited again in 2022. Their name was originally "Pray for Rain", but was changed to "PFR" to avoid a conflict with another musical group.
Wake Up to Find Out
Wake Up to Find Out is a three-CD live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead.  It contains the complete concert recorded on March 29, 1990, at Nassau Coliseum in Uniondale, New York.  It was released by Rhino Records on September 9, 2014.

At this concert, jazz saxophonist Branford Marsalis sat in for one song in the first set, and then for the entire second set.  The same show was also released on the same day as part of the box set Spring 1990 (The Other One).  One of the songs from this performance, "Eyes of the World", was previously released on the album Without a Net.

Wake Up to Find Out was released as a five-disc vinyl LP on April 18, 2015, as part of Record Store Day.

Without a Net
Without a Net is the eighth live album by the Grateful Dead (their twenty-first overall). It compiles performances from October 1989 to April 1990, and was released in September 1990. The album simulates the progression of an actual Grateful Dead concert and was certified Gold by the RIAA in November 1990. It is the final contemporary live album that was released in their career.
Víctor Scarabino
Víctor Scarabino (1945 – Montevideo, September 2, 2020) was a Uruguayan marine biologist and malacologist. He served as the director of the National Museum of Natural History of Uruguay from 2009 to 2011 and was an honorary researcher at the institution from the late 1960s until his death.

University of the Republic (Uruguay)
The University of the Republic (Spanish: Universidad de la República, sometimes UdelaR) is a public research university in Montevideo, Uruguay. It is the country's oldest and largest university, as well as one of the largest public universities in South America in terms of enrollment. Established in 1849, it has educated the vast majority of Uruguay's professionals throughout history and has maintained a leading role in advancing academic research and higher education.

The University of the Republic enrolls more than 140,000 students and is organized into 16 independent faculties. It administers 7 university schools and scientific institutes, the Hospital Clinic Manuel Quintela, as well as three regional university centers that serve different parts of the country.
10th Naval Aviation Brigade (Ukraine)
The 10th Naval Aviation Brigade (also called the Colonel Ihor Volodymyrovych Bedzai brigade) is the sole Brigade of the Ukrainian Naval Aviation established in 2004 by the merger of 9th Mixed Marine Aircraft Squadron, 316th Separate Marine Aviation Squadron and the 555th Naval Helicopter Regiment. It operates a small number of fixed-wing, rotatory and unmanned aircraft. It was previously garrisoned at Novofedorivka but is currently based at Mykolaiv.

Kulbakine Air Base
Kulbakine (ICAO: UKOR) is an air base of the Ukrainian Air Force located near Mykolaiv, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine.

The base is home to the 299th Tactical Aviation Brigade, which flies Sukhoi Su-25, Aero L-39C &M Albatros aircraft.

Kulbakine's runway and fuel and ammunition depots were bombarded by Russian jets at approximately 05:00 on 24 February 2022, as part of the initial Russian strikes on Ukrainian military bases in the early hours of the invasion. The bombing caused a large fire.

On 4 March 2022, Russian forces entered the airbase, but by 17:30, Ukrainian forces had recaptured it, according to Vitalii Kim, governor of Mykolaiv Oblast.
SMPTE 356M
SMPTE 356M is a SMPTE specification for a professional video format, it is composed of MPEG-2 video composed of only I-frames and using 4:2:2 chroma subsampling. 8 channel AES3 audio streams are also included. These AES3 audio usually contain 24 bit PCM audio samples. SMPTE 356M requires up to 50 Mbit/s of bandwidth.

This format is described in the document SMPTE 356M-2001, "Type D-10 Stream Specifications — MPEG-2 4:2:2P @ ML for 525/60 and 625/50".

The technology specified in SMPTE 356M is also known as D10 or D-10 and also called IMX by Sony.

Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) (/ˈsɪmptiː/, rarely /ˈsʌmptiː/), founded by Charles Francis Jenkins in 1916 as the Society of Motion Picture Engineers or SMPE, is a global professional association of engineers, technologists, and executives working in the media and entertainment industry. As an internationally recognized standards organization, SMPTE has published more than 800 technical standards and related documents for broadcast, filmmaking, digital cinema, audio recording, information technology (IT), and medical imaging.

SMPTE also publishes the SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal, provides networking opportunities for its members, produces academic conferences and exhibitions, and performs other industry-related functions. SMPTE membership is open to any individual or organization with an interest in the subject matter. In the US, SMPTE is a 501(c)3 non-profit charitable organization.
Ólafur Daníelsson
Ólafur Dan Daníelsson (31 October 1877 – 10 December 1957) was an Icelandic mathematician. He was the first Icelandic mathematician to complete a doctoral degree. He was also the founder of the Icelandic Mathematical Society.

Mathematische Annalen
Mathematische Annalen (abbreviated as Math. Ann. or, formerly, Math. Annal.) is a German mathematical research journal founded in 1868 by Alfred Clebsch and Carl Neumann. Subsequent managing editors were Felix Klein, David Hilbert, Otto Blumenthal, Erich Hecke, Heinrich Behnke, Hans Grauert, Heinz Bauer, Herbert Amann, Jean-Pierre Bourguignon, Wolfgang Lück, Nigel Hitchin, and Thomas Schick. Currently, the managing editor of Mathematische Annalen is Yoshikazu Giga (University of Tokyo).

Volumes 1–80 (1869–1919) were published by Teubner. Since 1920 (vol. 81), the journal has been published by Springer. In the late 1920s, under the editorship of Hilbert, the journal became embroiled in controversy over the participation of L. E. J. Brouwer on its editorial board, a spillover from the foundational Brouwer–Hilbert controversy. Between 1945 and 1947, the journal briefly ceased publication.