hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Locally nilpotent
In the mathematical field of commutative algebra, an ideal I in a commutative ring A is locally nilpotent at a prime ideal p if Ip, the localization of I at p, is a nilpotent ideal in Ap.

In non-commutative algebra and group theory, an algebra or group is locally nilpotent if and only if every finitely generated subalgebra or subgroup is nilpotent.  The subgroup generated by the normal locally nilpotent subgroups is called the Hirsch–Plotkin radical and is the generalization of the Fitting subgroup to groups without the ascending chain condition on normal subgroups.

A locally nilpotent ring is one in which every finitely generated subring is nilpotent: locally nilpotent rings form a radical class, giving rise to the Levitzki radical.

Commutative ring
In mathematics, a commutative ring is a ring in which the multiplication operation is commutative. The study of commutative rings is called commutative algebra. Complementarily, noncommutative algebra is the study of ring properties that are not specific to commutative rings. This distinction results from the high number of fundamental properties of commutative rings that do not extend to noncommutative rings.

Commutative rings appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ Euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
Voicebox Productions
Voicebox Productions is a Canadian audio production company located in Vancouver, British Columbia. It specializes in animation voice over by handling the logistics of casting, directing, payroll and working with local recording studios. Lana Carson opened the company in March 1999. Voicebox is best known for its work on the Barbie film series and television shows like Ed, Edd n Eddy, Johnny Test and My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic.

Barbie: Fairytopia
Barbie: Fairytopia is a 2005 animated fantasy film directed by Walter P. Martishius and William Lau and written by Elise Allen and Diane Duane. The film first premiered on 6 March 2005, before releasing direct-to-video on VHS and DVD. It was distributed internationally through Universal Pictures Video and Entertainment Rights.

The fifth installment in the Barbie film series and the first to have an original storyline, it is based on the Fairytopia Mattel toy line introduced in 2003. The film follows Elina, a wingless flower fairy who goes on a journey to save the enchanted land of Fairytopia from the evil fairy Laverna.

The film is followed by two sequels; Barbie: Mermaidia and Barbie Fairytopia: Magic of the Rainbow and two spin-offs; Barbie: Mariposa and Barbie: Mariposa & the Fairy Princess.
Jama Mosque, Mathura
The Jama Mosque (Masjid) is a historical 17th-century congregational mosque in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was built by Abd-al-Nabi Khan, governor of Mathura during the reign of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.

Congregational mosque
A congregational mosque or Friday mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد جَامِع, romanized: masjid jāmi‘, or simply جَامِع, jāmi‘; Turkish: Cami), or sometimes great mosque or grand mosque (جامع كبير, jāmi‘ kabir; Ulu Cami), is a mosque for hosting the Friday noon prayers known as jumu'ah. It can also host the Eid prayers in situations when there is no musalla or eidgah available nearby to host the prayers. In early Islamic history, the number of congregational mosques in one city was strictly limited. As cities and populations grew over time, it became more common for many mosques to host Friday prayers in the same area. In early centuries, the congregational mosque was also a center of social and public life, hosting various other activities in addition to prayers, such as judicial and educational functions.
Kangri Karpo
Kangri Karpo (Tibetan: གངས་རི་དཀར་པོ), also spelt Gangri Garbo (Chinese: 岗日嘎布; pinyin: Gǎngrì Gābù), is a mountain range in eastern Tibet, located primarily in Nyingchi Prefecture as well as a portion of Qamdo Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China.  The mountain range lies to the east of the Himalayas and to the west of the Hengduan Mountains.  The mountains are geographically a southern extension of the eastern Transhimalayas.

Transhimalaya
The Transhimalaya (also spelled Trans-Himalaya), or Gangdise – Nyenchen Tanglha range (Chinese: 冈底斯-念青唐古拉山脉; pinyin: Gāngdǐsī-Niànqīngtánggǔlā Shānmài), is a 1,600-kilometre-long (990 mi) mountain range in China, India and Nepal, extending in a west–east direction parallel to the main Himalayan range. Located north of Yarlung Tsangpo river on the southern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, the Transhimalaya is composed of the Gangdise range to the west and the Nyenchen Tanglha range to the east.

The name Transhimalaya was introduced by the Swedish geographer Sven Hedin in the early 20th century. The Transhimalaya was described by the Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer in 1952 as an "ill-defined mountain area" with "no marked crest line or central alignment and no division by rivers." On more-modern maps the Kailas Range (Gangdise or Kang-to-sé Shan) in the west is shown as distinct from the Nyenchen Tanglha range in the east.
Pentax X-5
The Pentax X-5 is a digital "bridge" and superzoom camera from Japanese camera maker Pentax, featuring a 16 megapixel sensor and 26 times zoom for a final 35mm focal length equivalent of 580mm, as well as 1080p video capability. It was announced in August 2012 and became available in September 2012. The previous X-designated camera in Pentax' line-up was the Pentax X90.

The Pentax X-5 furthermore includes a tiltable LCD, uses standard AA batteries (four at a time for an estimated 330 images per battery charge) and shoots continuous images at up to 10 frames per second.

Superzoom
A superzoom or ultrazoom lens is a type of photographic zoom lens with unconventionally large focal length factors, typically ranging from wide angle to extreme long lens focal lengths in one lens. There is no clear definition of a superzoom lens, but the name generally covers lenses that have a range well above the 3× or 4× (e.g., 28-85 mm or 70-210 mm) of a standard zoom lens, with lenses being 10×, 12×, 18×, or above considered superzoom.

Advantages of a superzoom lens include compositional flexibility, reduced need to swap lenses, and enhanced portability by consolidating the functionality of multiple lenses into one. Due to trade-offs in the optical design, superzoom lenses are noted for having poorer optical quality at the extreme ends of their zoom ranges, often due to distortion. The longer focal lengths are usually accompanied by optical image stabilization in order to be usable handheld.
Indo-Sasanian coinage
Indo-Sasanian coinage was major type of coinage of the post-Gupta Empire period, in the areas of Gujarat and Rajasthan in western India and in the Gangetic region, from the 6th century to the 12th century CE. These coins were derived from the Sasanian coinage design, probably transmitted to the subcontinent by the Alchon Huns as they invaded northern India circa 500 CE. They are an important component of Indian coinage.

Mihira Bhoja
Mihira Bhoja (r. c. 836 – c. 885 CE) or Bhoja I was the Pratiharan  Emperor from 836 to 885 CE. He inherited a weakened realm in an adverse situation from his father, Ramabhadra. However, his capable reign transformed it into a large and prosperous empire. Bhoja was a devotee of Vishnu and adopted the title of Ādivarāha, which is inscribed on some of his coins.. One of the outstanding political figures of India in the ninth century, he ranks with Dhruva Dharavarsha and Dharmapala as a great general and empire builder.

At its height, Bhoja's empire extended to the Narmada River in the south, the Sutlej River in the northwest, and up to Bengal in the east. It extended over a large area from the foot of the Himalayas up to the river Narmada and included the present district of Etawah in Uttar Pradesh.
1970 Pau Grand Prix
The 1970 Pau Grand Prix was a Formula Two motor race held on 5 April 1970 at the Pau circuit, in Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France. The Grand Prix was won by Jochen Rindt, driving the Lotus 69. Henri Pescarolo finished second and Tim Schenken third.

Pau Grand Prix
The Pau Grand Prix (French: Grand Prix de Pau) is a motor race held in Pau, in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department of southwestern France. The French Grand Prix was held at Pau in 1930, leading to the annual Pau Grand Prix being inaugurated in 1933. It was not run during World War II and in 2020–2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The race takes place around the centre of the city, where public roads are closed to form a street circuit, and over the years the event has variously conformed to the rules of Grand Prix racing, Formula One, Formula Two, Formula 3000, Formula Three, Formula Libre, sports car racing, and touring car racing.

In 2021, Autocar included the Pau Grand Prix in its list of "The 10 best street circuits in the world".
Superscripts and Subscripts
Superscripts and Subscripts is a Unicode block containing superscript and subscript numerals, mathematical operators, and letters used in mathematics and phonetics. The use of subscripts and superscripts in Unicode allows any polynomial, chemical and certain other equations to be represented in plain text without using any form of markup like HTML or TeX. Other superscript letters can be found in the Spacing Modifier Letters, Phonetic Extensions and Phonetic Extensions Supplement blocks, while the superscript 1, 2, and 3, inherited from ISO 8859-1, were included in the Latin-1 Supplement block.

Spacing Modifier Letters
Spacing Modifier Letters is a Unicode block containing characters for the IPA, UPA, and other phonetic transcriptions. Included are the IPA tone marks, and modifiers for aspiration and palatalization. The word spacing indicates that these characters occupy their own horizontal space within a line of text. Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was simply Modifier Letters.
Micronaut (framework)
Micronaut is an open source JVM-based framework for building lightweight microservices.

It is designed to avoid reflection, thus reducing memory consumption and improving start times. Features which would typically be implemented at run-time are instead pre-computed at compile time.

It was created by Graeme Rocher, who also created the Grails framework. In June 2020, Rocher co-founded the Micronaut Foundation, which aims to "advance innovation and adoption of Micronaut". Micronaut is continually developed and maintained by Object Computing Inc.

Java virtual machine
A Java virtual machine (JVM) is a virtual machine that enables a computer to run Java programs as well as programs written in other languages, other languages referred to as JVM languages that are also compiled to Java bytecode. The JVM is detailed by a specification that formally describes what is required in a JVM implementation. Having a specification ensures interoperability of Java programs across different implementations so that program authors using the Java Development Kit (JDK) need not worry about idiosyncrasies of the underlying hardware platform.

The JVM reference implementation is developed by the OpenJDK project as open source code and includes a JIT compiler called HotSpot. The commercially supported Java releases available from Oracle are based on the OpenJDK runtime. Eclipse OpenJ9 is another open source JVM for OpenJDK.
William F. Heimlich
William F. "Bill" Heimlich (September 28, 1911 – June 1, 1996) was an American intelligence officer and director of the RIAS (Rundfunk im amerikanischen Sektor, "Radio in the American Sector") after World War II.

Richard J. Evans
Sir Richard John Evans FRSL FRHistS FBA FLSW (born 29 September 1947) is a British historian of 19th- and 20th-century Europe with a focus on Germany. He is the author of eighteen books, including his three-volume The Third Reich Trilogy (2003–2008). Evans was Regius Professor of History at the University of Cambridge from 2008 until he retired in 2014, and President of Cambridge's Wolfson College from 2010 to 2017. He has been Provost of Gresham College in London since 2014.
Evans was appointed Knight Bachelor for services to scholarship in the 2012 Birthday Honours.
WIMA (AM)
WIMA (1150 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station in Lima, Ohio, owned and operated by iHeartMedia, Inc. Its studio's and office are located on West Market Street, and its transmitter is located on McClain Road in Fort Shawnee. It is Lima's first and oldest commercial radio station. The call sign, when spoken like a word rhymes with the city of Lima, which is pronounced with a long "i" sound, unlike the capital city of Peru.

Lima, Ohio
Lima (/ˈlaɪmə/ LY-mə) is a city in Allen County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It had a population of 35,579 at the 2020 census. The city is located in northwest Ohio along Interstate 75, approximately 72 miles (116 km) north of Dayton, 78 miles (126 km) southwest of Toledo, and 63 mi (101 km) southeast of Fort Wayne, Indiana.

Lima was founded in 1831. It is the principal city of the Lima metropolitan area, which had 102,000 residents in 2020 and is included in the Lima–Van Wert–Wapakoneta combined statistical area. The Lima Army Tank Plant, officially called the Joint Systems Manufacturing Center, was built in 1941 and is the sole producer of the M1 Abrams tank.
John Arthur Gibson
John Arthur Gibson (1850–1912) was a chief of the Seneca nation of the North American Iroquois confederation. Part Onondaga and part Seneca, he resided within the reserve of the Six Nations of the Grand River in Ontario, Canada. Knowledgeable about Iroquois (Haudosaunee) culture, he is best known for the versions he provided of the Iroquois oral constitution, the Great Law of Peace. He acted as an advisor to the Canadian Department of Indian Affairs in matters relating both to Iroquois and non-Iroquois indigenous people. He was a well-respected player of the traditional Iroquois sport of lacrosse until he was blinded during a game when he was 31.

Great Peacemaker
The Great Peacemaker (Mohawk: Skén:nen rahá:wi [ˈskʌ̃ː.nʌ̃ ɾa.ˈhaː.wi]), sometimes referred to as Deganawida or Tekanawí:ta [de.ga.na.ˈwiː.da] in Mohawk (as a mark of respect, some Iroquois avoid using his personal name except in special circumstances) was by tradition, along with Jigonhsasee and Hiawatha, the founder of the Haudenosaunee, commonly called the Iroquois Confederacy. This is a political and cultural union of six Iroquoian-speaking Native American tribes governing parts of the present-day state of New York, northern Pennsylvania, and the eastern portion of the provinces of Ontario, and Quebec Canada, recognized as sovereign by both the US and Canada.
Doe-Anderson Inc.
Doe-Anderson is one of the oldest continuously operating advertising agencies in the United States; and it is the oldest independent agency in the US. The agency has served some of its clients for more than 50 years, including Maker's Mark bourbon and Hillerich & Bradsby, makers of Louisville Slugger bats and equipment. In business since 1915, Doe-Anderson currently has 130+ employees and offers communication services including brand positioning, strategic planning, creative execution, media buying and planning, digital services, print and broadcast production and public relations. The agency is a member of the Advertising and Marketing International Network (AMIN), and of the American Association of Advertising Agencies (4A's).

In 2024, the agency earned B Corp certification joining a global network of businesses who have met high standards for social and environmental impact. Doe-Anderson also official updated their registration to a Public Benefits Corporation (PBC).

AMIN Worldwide
AMIN Worldwide (Advertising and Marketing Independent Network) is a global alliance of independently owned advertising agencies. Its member agencies are located across Americas, Europe/Africa/Middle East, and the Pacific Rim.
Bhairabkunda
Bhairabkunda is a popular picnic spot in Udalguri district in the State of Assam, India. It is situated on the border of Bhutan.

The Jampani River, originating in Bhutan, and Bhairabi River merge here to form Dhanshiri River. Dhanshiri river is a major tributary of Brahmaputra river. An irrigation project was constructed on Dhanshiri river at Bhairabkunda. A guide dam was constructed inside Bhutan for this project. The Project is situated in Udalguri District within jurisdiction of Bodoland Territorial Region (B.T.R.) aimed to provide assured irrigation to an area of 41.683 hectares (103.00 acres) in five development blocks viz. Udalguri, Rowta, Kalaigaon, Mazbat and Bechimari under Udalguri Civil Sub-Division.

Along with the irrigation project, a hydro-electric project was also planned to generate 20 MW of electricity out of 5 No. falls per 9 metres (30 ft) drop, but it did not materialise.

Rowta
Rowta Chariali is a town located in Udalguri district of Assam, one of the North Eastern States of India, South East Asia connected to NH-15. Rowta is located in Udalguri district under the jurisdiction of Bodoland Territorial Council which controls the Bodoland Territorial Region. Rowta is located along the bank of the River Dhansiri.
Kingston Interchange
42°58′13.91″S 147°18′34.78″E﻿ / ﻿42.9705306°S 147.3096611°E﻿ / -42.9705306; 147.3096611
The Kingston Interchange is a hybrid four way interchange incorporating a roundabout and elements of a trumpet interchange. It connects the Southern Outlet with the Huon Highway and the Channel Highway at Kingston, within the greater area of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

In 2006, the Kingston Interchange was upgraded to address safety problems associated with right-turn movements at the interchange. The interchange modifications included:

Replacement of the existing T junction of the Southern Outlet south bound off ramp and the Huon Highway with a roundabout

Provide a new on ramp for Kingston to Hobart traffic

Provide a new on ramp for Kingston to Margate traffic

The Department of Infrastructure, Energy & Resources also upgraded the interchange with the intention of providing a dual carriage highway south of the interchange some time in the future as part of the Kingston Bypass.

Channel Highway
The Channel Highway is a regional highway that travels south from Hobart To Huonville, Tasmania, Australia. The Channel Highway starts from the end of Sandy Bay Road and travels south toward Huonville via Taroona, Kingston, Huntingfield, Margate, Kettering, Woodbridge and Cygnet. The shortest way from Hobart to Huonville is via the Huon Highway. Prior to the construction of the Southern Outlet the Channel Highway was the main route used to get to Kingston and other southern towns.
Biographies of Exemplary Women
The Biographies of Exemplary Women (Chinese: 列女傳) is a book compiled by the Han dynasty scholar Liu Xiang c. 18 BCE.  It includes 125 biographical accounts of exemplary women in ancient China, taken from early Chinese histories including Chunqiu, Zuozhuan, and the Records of the Grand Historian.  The book served as a standard Confucianist textbook for the moral education of women in traditional China for two millennia.

Duke Mu of Qin
Duke Mu of Qin (died 621 BC), born Ying Renhao, was a duke of the state of Qin. Sometimes considered one of the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn period, Duke Mu greatly expanded the territory of Qin during the reign of King Xiang of Zhou. He was also known for his many talented advisors, such as Baili Xi, Jian Shu (蹇叔), Pi Bao (丕豹), and Gong Sun (公孫).
Cervical plexus
The cervical plexus is a nerve plexus of the anterior rami of the first (i.e. upper-most) four cervical spinal nerves C1-C4. The cervical plexus provides motor innervation to some muscles of the neck, and the diaphragm; it provides sensory innervation to parts of the head, neck, and chest.

Scalene muscles
The scalene muscles are a group of three muscles on each side of the  neck, identified as the anterior, the middle, and the posterior.  They are innervated by the third to the eighth cervical spinal nerves (C3-C8).

The anterior and middle scalene muscles lift the first rib and bend the neck to the side they are on. The posterior scalene lifts the second rib and tilts the neck to the same side.

The muscles are named from the Ancient Greek σκαληνός (skalēnós), meaning 'uneven'.
Acacia-ant symbiosis
Acacia-ant symbiosis is the interaction between myrmecophilous Vachellia trees (ant acacias) and ants that nest on them (acacia ants). Obligate acacia ants dwell in the gall-like domatia within the swollen stipular spines of African or Central American ant acacia species, and they also take the food (nectar or Beltian bodies) offered by the tree. Some of them protect ant acacias from herbivores in return, hence mutualism; the others provide inadequate protection or none at all, hence weaker or non-mutualism. Facultative (non-obligate) acacia ants often nest on stems instead of in gall-like domatia, and tend to be non-mutualistic.

Beltian body
A Beltian body is a detachable tip found on the pinnules of some species of Acacia and closely related genera. Beltian bodies, named after Thomas Belt, are rich in lipids, sugars and proteins and often red in colour. They are believed to have evolved in a symbiotic relationship with ants. The ants live inside special plant structures (domatia) or near the plant and keep away herbivores.

Other ant-mutualism related plant structures include Beccarian, Mullerian and pearl bodies.

Unique among spiders for its predominantly herbivorous diet, Bagheera kiplingi feeds almost exclusively on Beltian bodies.
Hou Ji
Hou Ji (or Houji; Chinese: 后稷; pinyin: Hòu Jì; Wade–Giles: Hou Chi) was a legendary Chinese culture hero credited with introducing millet to humanity during the time of the Xia dynasty. Millet was the original staple grain of northern China, prior to the introduction of wheat. His name translates as Lord of Millet and was a title granted to him by Emperor Shun, according to Records of the Grand Historian. Houji was credited with developing the philosophy of Agriculturalism and with service during the Great Flood in the reign of Yao; he was also claimed as an ancestor of the Ji clan that became the ruling family of the Zhou dynasty or a founder of the Zhou.

After the Zhou dynasty, ancient Chinese historians, folklorists, and religious practitioners had a variety of opinions on Hou Ji, including the opinion that he became deified as the god Shennong after his death.

Classic of Poetry
The Classic of Poetry, also Shijing or Shih-ching, translated variously as the Book of Songs, Book of Odes, or simply known as the Odes or Poetry (詩; Shī), is the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry, comprising 305 works dating from the 11th to 7th centuries BC. It is one of the "Five Classics" traditionally said to have been edited by Confucius, and has been studied and memorized by scholars in China and neighboring countries over two millennia. It is also a rich source of chengyu (four-character classical idioms) that are still a part of learned discourse and even everyday language in modern Chinese. Since the Qing dynasty, its rhyme patterns have also been analysed in the study of Old Chinese phonology.