hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Italian cruiser Aquila
Aquila was an Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) scout cruiser in commission from 1917 to 1937. She was laid down for the Royal Romanian Navy as the destroyer Vifor but the Kingdom of Italy requisitioned her while she was under construction. She served in the Regia Marina during World War I, seeing action in the later stages of the Adriatic campaign. In 1928, she took part in rescue operations in the Adriatic Sea for the sunken Italian submarine F 14.

In 1937, Italy transferred her to Nationalist Spain. Reclassified as a destroyer and renamed Melilla, she served in the Spanish Nationalist Navy during the Spanish Civil War and subsequently in the Spanish Navy. She was stricken in 1950 and scrapped.

SMS Helgoland (1912)
SMS Helgoland was a Novara-class scout cruiser built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy right before World War I. Helgoland participated in several raids on the ships defending the Strait of Otranto, including the Battle of the Strait of Otranto in May 1917. She was transferred to Italy in 1920 in accordance with the peace treaties ending World War I and renamed Brindisi. After modifications, the ship was assigned to the squadron responsible for the Eastern Mediterranean until 1924. She spent the next five years based in Libya and Italy before Brindisi was disarmed and turned into a depot ship in 1929. The ship was stricken from the Navy List in 1937 and later broken up.
Peter Easton
Peter Easton (c. 1570 – 1620 or after) was an English privateer and later pirate in the early 17th century. Conflicting accounts exist regarding his early life. By 1602, Easton had become a highly successful privateer, commissioned to protect English interests in Newfoundland. The 'most famous English pirate of the day', his piracies ranged from Ireland and Guinea to Newfoundland. He is best known today for his involvement in the early English settlement of Newfoundland, including the settlements at Harbour Grace and Ferryland from 1611 to 1614. One of the most successful of all pirates, he controlled such seapower that no sovereign or state could afford to ignore him, and he was never overtaken or captured by any fleet commissioned to hunt him down. However, he is not as well known as some of the pirates from the late 17th and early 18th centuries.

Duchy of Savoy
The Duchy of Savoy was a territorial entity of the Savoyard state that existed from 1416 until 1847 and was a possession of the House of Savoy.
It was created when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy for Amadeus VIII. The duchy was an Imperial fief, subject of the Holy Roman Empire, until 1792, with a vote in the Imperial Diet. From the 16th century, Savoy belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle.

Its territory included the current French departments of Savoie, Haute-Savoie, and the Alpes-Maritimes, the current Italian region of Aosta Valley, a large part of Piedmont and the County of Geneva in Switzerland, which was then lost to the Old Swiss Confederacy. The main Vulgar languages that were spoken within the Duchy of Savoy were Arpitan and Piedmontese.
Holger Hammerich
Holger Aagaard Hammerich (20 November 1845 – 4 October 1915) was a Danish engineer and politician for the party Højre. He played a significant role in the foundation of the Freeport of Copenhagen in the 1890s as well as in the planning of rail lines and stations in Copenhagen. He was a member of the Danish Parliament from 1890 until his death in 1915 and represented his party in the negotiations leading up to the amendment of the Danish Constitution in 1915.

Langelinie
Langelinie (English: Long Line) is a pier, promenade and park in central Copenhagen, Denmark, and home of The Little Mermaid statue. The area has for centuries been a popular destination for excursions and strolls in Copenhagen. Most cruise ships arriving in Copenhagen also berth at Langelinie Pier.
Sulgrave Manor
Sulgrave Manor is a mid-16th century Tudor hall house in Sulgrave, Northamptonshire, UK, built by Lawrence Washington, the 3rd great-grandfather of George Washington, first President of the United States.

The manor passed out of the hands of the Washington family in the 17th century and by the 19th had descended to the status of a farmhouse. In 1911, Theodore Roosevelt, a former US president, suggested a memorial to commemorate 100 years of peace between the United Kingdom and the United States, and the manor was bought for this purpose in 1914. Between 1920 and 1930 the manor was restored, and a garden was created by Reginald Blomfield. Sulgrave Manor is now administered by a trust and is a Grade I listed building.

Bridget Cherry
Bridget Cherry OBE FSA Hon. FRIBA (born 17 May 1941) is a British architectural historian who was series editor of the Pevsner Architectural Guides from 1971 until 2002, and is the author or co-author of several volumes in the series.
Party of the Angolan Communist Community
Party of the Angolan Communist Community (Portuguese: Partido da Comunidade Comunista Angolana) was a political party in Angola. Baptista André José Simão was the chairman of the party.

The party was registered at the Supreme Court in 1994. Ahead of the 2008 parliamentary election, the party was not allowed to participate as it failed to obtain the necessary 5 000 voters signatures. The party presented 4,573 signatures, out of which 1,846 were deemed correct according to the Constitutional Court. The party forms part of the 'Group of Seven', a grouping of parties which either had their candidacies rejected or never attempted to put candidates in the election. The grouping supported the ruling People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) in the 2008 election.

MPLA
The People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (Portuguese: Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola, abbr. MPLA), from 1977 to 1990 called the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola – Labour Party (Portuguese: Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola – Partido do Trabalho), is an Angolan social democratic political party. The MPLA fought against the Portuguese Army in the Angolan War of Independence from 1961 to 1974, and defeated the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) and the National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA) in the Angolan Civil War, which has been described as "one of the longest, most brutal and deadliest wars of the last century." The party has ruled Angola since the country's independence from Portugal in 1975, being the de facto government throughout the civil war and continuing to rule afterwards.
Tom Kubis
Tom Kubis is an American jazz musician and arranger.

A native of Los Angeles, Kubis started a big band to play his arrangements. He has also written arrangements for Bill Watrous and the BBC Radio Big Band.

He studied 20th century composition at Long Beach State University and worked in television with Steve Allen, Helen Reddy, Jackie Gleason, and Bob Newhart. During the 1960s, he played flute and saxophone with Louie Bellson, Pete Christlieb, Frank Rosolino, Arturo Sandoval, Jack Sheldon, and Bill Watrous.

His arrangements were featured at the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C., in a presentation written by Cy Coleman and Alan and Marilyn Bergman. In 1993, Kubis conducted his arrangements with Jack Sheldon at Carnegie Hall. His arrangements have been performed at the Playboy Jazz Festival, the Montreux Jazz Festival, and the Berkeley Jazz Festival. His big band performed at the Orange County Performing Arts Center with the Pacific Symphony Orchestra.

Bill Watrous
William Russell Watrous III (June 8, 1939 – July 2, 2018) was an American jazz trombonist. He is perhaps best known for his rendition of Sammy Nestico's arrangement of the Johnny Mandel ballad "A Time for Love", which he recorded on a 1993 album of the same name.  A self-described "bop-oriented" player, he was well known among trombonists as a master technician and for his mellifluous sound.
Q (number format)
The Q notation is a way to specify the parameters of a binary fixed point number format. Specifically, how many bits are allocated for the integer portion, how many for the fractional portion, and whether there is a sign-bit.

For example, in Q notation, Q7.8 means that the signed fixed point numbers in this format have 7 bits for the integer part and 8 bits for the fraction part. One extra bit is implicitly added for signed numbers. Therefore, Q7.8 is a 16-bit word, with the most significant bit representing the two's complement sign bit.

There is an ARM variation of the Q notation that explicitly adds the sign bit to the integer part. In ARM Q notation, the above format would be called Q8.8.

A number of other notations have been used for the same purpose.

Sign bit
In computer science, the sign bit is a bit in a signed number representation that indicates the sign of a number.  Although only signed numeric data types have a sign bit, it is invariably located in the most significant bit position, so the term may be used interchangeably with "most significant bit" in some contexts.

Almost always, if the sign bit is 0, the number is non-negative (positive or zero).  If the sign bit is 1 then the number is negative. Formats other than two's complement integers allow a signed zero: distinct "positive zero" and "negative zero" representations, the latter of which does not correspond to the mathematical concept of a negative number.

When using a complement representation, to convert a signed number to a wider format the additional bits must be filled with copies of the sign bit in order to preserve its numerical value,: 61–62  a process called sign extension or sign propagation.
Dharmajuddha
Dharmajuddha (transl. Crusade) is a 2022 Indian Bengali-language political drama film co-written and directed by Raj Chakraborty. The film is jointly produced by Raj Chakraborty and Shyam Agarwal under their banners of Raj Chakraborty Entertainment and Srijan Arts respectively. The film is set at the backdrop of a communal riot between Hindus and Muslims. The film stars Swatilekha Sengupta, Ritwick Chakraborty, Subhashree Ganguly, Soham Chakraborty and Parno Mittra in lead roles. This film was OTT released 19 July 2024 on hoichoi.

Raj Chakraborty
Raj Chakraborty (born 21 February 1975) is an Indian film director, actor, producer and politician. He is one of the most commercially successful film-makers in Tollywood. Before directing his debut film, he was busy in Bengali TV. Raj Chakraborty was associated with Zee Bangla's laughter show Mirakkel, hosted by Mir, and the dance competition Dance Bangla Dance, judged by Mithun Chakraborty, during their initial days. He also directed Star Jalsha's laughter programme I Laugh You. He has been a Member of Legislative Assembly of West Bengal from Barrackpore since 2021.
Pritchard, British Columbia
Pritchard is an unincorporated community straddling the South Thompson River in the Thompson region of south central British Columbia. Northeast of the BC Highway 97 intersection on BC Highway 1, the locality is by road about 19 kilometres (12 mi) west of Chase and 39 kilometres (24 mi) east of Kamloops.

Chase, British Columbia
Chase is a village located in the Interior of British Columbia, Canada. It has a population of 2,399, and its main industries are forestry and tourism. It is located at the outlet of Little Shuswap Lake, which is the source of the South Thompson River. Chase Creek, which drops over three small waterfalls before flowing through the town, enters the South Thompson just below the lake's outlet.
Thatta Ghulamka
Thatta Ghulamka Dhiroka (Urdu ٹھٹھہ غلام کا دھیروکا), known as Doll village of Pakistan, is a village in Okara District of Pakistani Punjab. It is situated 27 km from Okara city on the Faisalabad-Okara Road, and 7 km from Bangala Gogera stop on Faisalabad-Okara Road. It is 91 km from Faisalabad International Airport, 190 km from the province capital Lahore and 400 km from Pakistan's capital Islamabad.

Gogera
Gogera  (Urdu: گوگيره), is a town and union council of Okara District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is located at 30°58'4N 73°18'24E at an altitude of 166 metres (547 feet) and lies 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the north-west of the district capital Okara.
English pronouns
The English pronouns form a relatively small category of words in Modern English whose primary semantic function is that of a pro-form for a noun phrase. Traditional grammars consider them to be a distinct part of speech, while most modern grammars see them as a subcategory of noun, contrasting with common and proper nouns.: 22  Still others see them as a subcategory of determiner (see the DP hypothesis). In this article, they are treated as a subtype of the noun category.

They clearly include personal pronouns, relative pronouns, interrogative pronouns, and reciprocal pronouns. Other types that are included by some grammars but excluded by others are demonstrative pronouns and indefinite pronouns. Other members are disputed (see below).

Tag question
A tag question is a construction in which an interrogative element is added to a declarative or an imperative clause. The resulting speech act comprises an assertion paired with a request for confirmation. For instance, the English tag question "You're John, aren't you?" consists of the declarative clause "You're John" and the interrogative tag "aren't you?"
Avgorou
Avgorou (Greek: Αυγόρου, also spelled Αβγόρου, [locally [afˈkoɾu]]) is a municipal district of the Municipality of Ayia Napa in southwestern Famagusta District, Cyprus. It is located near Frenaros, Sotira, Liopetri and Ormidia .

Avgorou is one of the bigger suburbs in Famagusta area. Approximately 40 meters above sea level, near the district of Larnaka – Famagusta, and about 6 km north from Xylofagou village. Avgorou is still connected with the old road to Nicosia and  borders with Dasaki Axnas, Xylofagou, Ormidia and Liopetri.

The colour of the soil in Augorou is dark red and very fertile, making Avgorou one of the main agriculture and animal farming areas in Famagusta. Most citizens of Avgorou cultivate a variety of potatoes, breadstuffs like barley, carrots, vegetables, locust trees, olive trees and some fruit trees.

The population of Avgorou is circa 5000

Frenaros
Frenaros (Greek: Φρέναρος; locally [ˈfrenːaɾos]) is a village in the Famagusta District of Cyprus, located 4 miles west of Paralimni and 9 miles northwest of Ayia Napa. In 2011, it had a population of 4,298.
Wisconsin's 21st Senate district
The 21st Senate district of Wisconsin is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate.  Located in southeastern Wisconsin, the district comprises northeast Racine County and southwest Milwaukee County.  It includes the city of Franklin, the northern half of the city of Racine, the western half of the city of Greenfield, and part of southwest Milwaukee, as well as the villages of Greendale, Hales Corners, Caledonia, Wind Point, and North Bay.

Wisconsin's 1st congressional district
Wisconsin's 1st congressional district is a congressional district of the United States House of Representatives in southeastern Wisconsin, covering Kenosha County, Racine County, and most of Walworth County, as well as portions of Rock County and Milwaukee County. The district's current Representative is Republican Bryan Steil.

Among the district's previous representatives are U.S. Secretary of Defense Les Aspin and Speaker of the House and 2012 Vice Presidential-nominee Paul Ryan.

A slightly Republican-leaning district, it was carried by George W. Bush in 2004 with 53%; the district voted for Barack Obama over John McCain in 2008, 51.40–47.45% and the district voted for Mitt Romney over Barack Obama in 2012, 52.12%–47.88%. It stayed Republican in 2016, with a plurality of voters polling for Donald Trump.
Glinnik, Tomaszów Mazowiecki County
Glinnik [ˈɡlinnik] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubochnia, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Lubochnia, 9 km (6 mi) north-east of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 51 km (32 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

In 2005 the village had a population of 570.

Lubochnia, Łódź Voivodeship
Lubochnia [luˈbɔxɲa] is a village in Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina, the principal unit of administrative division in Poland, called Gmina Lubochnia. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) north of Tomaszów Mazowiecki and 45 km (28 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
Shinnosuke Ogasawara
Shinnosuke Ogasawara (小笠原 慎之介, Ogasawara Shinnosuke; born October 8, 1997) is a Japanese professional baseball pitcher in the Washington Nationals organization. He has previously played in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Chunichi Dragons.

Ogasawara was the winning pitcher at the 2015 Summer Koshien tournament and was regarded as the second best high school pitching prospect in the 2015 NPB draft behind Gifu Commercial High School's Jumpei Takahashi. He holds the record for the worst start to a rookie season in the Japanese Central League going 0–5 in decisions before registering his first professional win.

He has represented Japan on the international stage at under-15 and under-18 level helping his country to a runner-up position in the 2015 U-18 Baseball World Cup.

Secondary education in Japan
Secondary education in Japan is split into junior high schools (中学校, chūgakkō), which cover the seventh through ninth grade, and senior high schools (高等学校, kōtōgakkō), abbreviated to 高校 (kōkō), which mostly cover grades ten through twelve.
Hourglass model
In computer networking, the hourglass model—also called the narrow (or thin) waist—is a way of describing layered system design in which a single, widely adopted spanning layer sits at the narrow “waist” of the stack and serves as the sole common interface between many heterogeneous lower-layer technologies and many diverse higher-layer applications. In the context of the Internet, the spanning layer is commonly identified with the Internet Protocol (IP). Constraining the waist to be simple and general makes it easier for new link technologies to be deployed below and new applications to be deployed above, while preserving interoperability across the whole system.

Middlebox
A middlebox is a computer networking device that transforms, inspects, filters, and manipulates traffic for purposes other than packet forwarding. Examples of middleboxes include firewalls, network address translators (NATs), load balancers, and deep packet inspection (DPI) devices.

The term middlebox was coined in 1999 by UCLA computer science professor Lixia Zhang.
Norfolk Newspaper Company
Norfolk Newspaper Company, based in Mansfield, Massachusetts, United States, founded three weekly newspapers in the suburbs south of Boston before being bought by Fidelity Investments in 1990 and dissolved into Community Newspaper Company six years later.

The company's weeklies are still published by CNC, which is now owned by GateHouse Media and is the largest publisher of weeklies in Massachusetts.

Norfolk was one of Fidelity's first acquisitions as it built CNC in the 1990s. It was dissolved in early 1996, when CNC realigned its operating units by geography, assigning the papers to its new West Unit.

GateHouse Media
GateHouse Media Inc. was an American publisher of locally based print and digital media. It published 144 daily newspapers, 684 community publications, and over 569 local-market websites in 38 states. Its parent company, New Media Investment Group, acquired Gannett (now USA Today Co.) in 2019, with the combined company using the Gannett name and maintaining its headquarters in Virginia.
Weenzen
Weenzen is a village and a former municipality in the district of Hildesheim in Lower Saxony, Germany. Since 1 November 2016, it is part of the municipality Duingen. As of 2025, it has approximately 380 residents.

Long-standing businesses based in Weenzen include an international haulage company and a funeral company. There are both active and inactive farmsteads.

Notable landmarks in Weenzen include the St. Maternus Chapel built in 1887 and an old school built from limestone. The southwestern part of the village was mined from the Middle Ages onward. Lignite was mined through 1966, after which was the area was recultivated. Today the Weenzer Bruch is a geologic educational and recreational area.

As of February 2023, Weenzen has its own volunteer fire brigade.

Hildesheim (district)
Hildesheim is a district (Landkreis)  in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Hanover, Peine, Wolfenbüttel, Goslar, Northeim, Holzminden and Hameln-Pyrmont.
IBM 7302
The IBM 7302 Core Storage unit was designed in 1957–1958 for the IBM 7030 (Stretch). The IBM 7030 could use from one to sixteen IBM 7302s (typically six); either individually or in interleaved groups of two or four. The IBM 7090 also used one IBM 7302. The IBM 7094 used one IBM 7302A. The IBM 7094 II used one IBM 7302, but it was a new model unique to the IBM 7094 II. The IBM 7080 also used one decimal model IBM 7302 with a different core stack than used in the binary models.

The core memory in the IBM 7302 was heated/cooled to stabilize its operating characteristics. Early units immersed the core stack in heated/cooled oil. Later units, called the IBM 7302A, blew heated/cooled air through the core stack. The use of smaller cores in the IBM 7302A allowed the cycle time to be reduced to 2.0μs for the IBM 7094. The use of even smaller cores in the IBM 7302 Model 3 allowed the cycle time to be reduced to 1.4μs for the IBM 7094 II.

IBM 7080
The IBM 7080 was a variable word length BCD transistor computer in the IBM 700/7000 series commercial architecture line, introduced in August 1961, that provided an upgrade path from the vacuum-tube IBM 705 computer.

The 7080 weighed about 19,700 pounds (9.9 short tons; 8.9 t).

After the introduction of the IBM 7070, in June 1960, as an upgrade path for both the IBM 650 and IBM 705 computers, IBM realized that it was so incompatible with the 705 that few users of that system wanted to upgrade to the 7070. That prompted the development of the 7080, which was fully compatible with all models of the 705 and added many improvements.
Brighouse Rangers RFC
Brighouse Rangers was a rugby league club in Brighouse, West Yorkshire, England.

The club was involved in the meeting at the George Hotel, Huddersfield in 1895, and after the schism became founder members of the Northern Rugby Football Union (now Rugby Football League), playing for eleven seasons from 1895–96 to 1905–06.

After a break, a new club, also called Brighouse Rangers, appeared in 1915 and played in the Emergency War Leagues in 1915–16, 1916–17, 1917–18 and 1918–19.

1916–17 Northern Rugby Football Union Wartime Emergency League season
The 1916–17 Northern Rugby Football Union season was the second  season of Rugby league's Wartime Emergency League football. Each club played a differing number of fixtures, depending upon the closeness of neighbours, ease of travel etc., with Brighouse Rangers and Barrow playing 17 games each while Broughton Rangers played 35 and several other clubs 32.
The Farmer Takes a Wife
The Farmer Takes a Wife is a 1934 play by Frank B. Elser and Marc Connelly based on the 1929 novel Rome Haul by Walter D. Edmonds. It was well-received upon its opening night on Broadway on October 30, 1934, at the 46th Street Theatre. The production was directed by Marc Connelly, used set designs by Donald Oenslager, and starred Henry Fonda as Dan Harrow and June Walker as Molly Larkins. It ran for 104 performances, closing on January 16, 1935.

Marc Connelly
Marcus Cook Connelly (December 13, 1890 – December 21, 1980) was an American playwright, director, producer, performer, and lyricist. He was a key member of the Algonquin Round Table, and received the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1930.