hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adams–Williamson equation
The Adams–Williamson equation, named after Leason H. Adams and E. D. Williamson, is an equation used to determine density as a function of radius, more commonly used to determine the relation between the velocities of seismic waves and the density of the Earth's interior.  Given the average density of rocks at the Earth's surface and profiles of the P-wave and S-wave speeds as function of depth, it can predict how density increases with depth.  It assumes that the compression is adiabatic and that the Earth is spherically symmetric, homogeneous, and in hydrostatic equilibrium. It can also be applied to spherical shells with that property. It is an important part of models of the Earth's interior such as the Preliminary reference Earth model (PREM).

Preliminary reference Earth model
The preliminary reference Earth model (PREM) plots the average of Earth's properties by depth. It includes a table of Earth properties, including elastic properties, attenuation, density, pressure, and gravity.

PREM has been widely used as the basis for seismic tomography and related global geophysical models. It incorporates anelastic dispersion and anisotropy and therefore it is frequency-dependent and transversely isotropic for the upper mantle.

PREM was developed by Adam M. Dziewonski and Don L. Anderson in response to guidelines of a "Standard Earth Model Committee" of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) and the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI) Other Earth reference models include iasp91 and ak135.
Broadsands Chambered Tomb
The Broadsands Chambered Tomb is a Neolithic burial chamber located on a slope overlooking Broadsands Beach in Torbay in Devon, England. It is listed as a Scheduled Monument by English Heritage and was first listed in 1957.

Torbay
Torbay /tɔːrˈbeɪ/ is a unitary authority with a borough status in the ceremonial county of Devon, England. It is governed by Torbay Council, based in the town of Torquay, and also includes the towns of Paignton and Brixham. In 2021 it had a population of 139,324. The borough consists of 24.27 sq mi (62.9 km2) of land around the east-facing Tor Bay, part of Lyme Bay on the English Channel.  A popular tourist destination, Torbay's sandy beaches, mild climate and recreational and leisure attractions have given rise to its nickname of the English Riviera. The neighbouring districts are South Hams and Teignbridge.
Jordan Lynch
Jordan Lynch (born October 3, 1990) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback for the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football for the Northern Illinois Huskies, earning first-team All-American honors as an all-purpose player and finishing as a finalist for the Heisman Trophy in 2013. After going undrafted in the 2014 NFL draft, Lynch had a stint with the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL) before playing with Edmonton in the CFL.

Lynch is currently the head football coach of Mount Carmel High School in his hometown of Chicago, Illinois. He succeeded Frank Lenti, who was the coach of the program for 34 years.

Batavia High School (Illinois)
Batavia High School, or BHS, is a public four-year high school located in Batavia, Illinois, a western suburb of Chicago. 
It was created by the merger of West Batavia High School and East Batavia High School (and their separate school districts) in May 1911 and is part of Batavia Public School District 101; the East Batavia and West Batavia athletic programs merged in 1909. Since 2009, the school has added a new "D Wing" of classrooms, "E Wing" of music rooms, a fieldhouse, new athletic facilities, and an auditorium ("F Wing"), which was completed in 2011.
Wray 17-96
Wray 17-96 is a very luminous star in the Scorpius constellation, about 20,000 light-years (7 kpc) away.  It is a suspected luminous blue variable (LBV), although it has not shown the characteristic spectral variations.

Wray 17-96 has an absolute bolometric magnitude of −10.9 (1.8 million times the Sun's luminosity), making it one of the most luminous stars known.  The spectral type is peculiar, showing emission and absorption, sometimes both in the same line.  Photospheric helium lines are visible indicating that the star is at least somewhat evolved.  It is highly reddened by interstellar extinction and the visual brightness is reduced by nearly 9 magnitudes.

Wray 17-96 is also notable for its highly symmetrical ring-shaped 10 M☉ gas shell, which was originally classified as a planetary nebula.

Scorpius
Scorpius is a zodiac constellation located in the Southern celestial hemisphere, where it sits near the center of the Milky Way, between Libra to the west and Sagittarius to the east. Scorpius is an ancient constellation whose recognition predates Greek culture; it is one of the 48 constellations identified by the Greek astronomer Ptolemy in the second century.
Christodoulos of Athens
Christodoulos (17 January 1939 – 28 January 2008) (Greek: Χριστόδουλος, born Christos Paraskevaidis, Χρήστος Παρασκευαΐδης) was Archbishop of Athens and All Greece and as such the primate of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Greece, from 1998 until his death, in 2008.

Metropolitan Cathedral of Athens
The Metropolitan Cathedral of the Annunciation (Greek: Καθεδρικός Ναός Ευαγγελισμού της Θεοτόκου, romanized: Kathedrikós Naós Evangelismoú tis Theotókou), popularly known as the Metropolis or Mitropoli (Greek: Μητρόπολη, romanized: Mitrópoli), is the cathedral church of the Archbishopric of Athens and all of Greece.
Great Service (Byrd)
The so-called Great Service is a set of canticles and other items for the Matins, Communion and Evensong services of the Anglican Church, composed by William Byrd (c. 1540-1623).  It is the last and most elaborate of his four services for the English liturgy.  Byrd provides settings of seven items for the three principal rites of the liturgical day. The Great Service is composed using a procedure typical of the time, yet it quotes existing material by Thomas Tallis.

Canticle
In the context of Christian liturgy, a canticle (/ˈkæntɪkəl/; from the Latin canticulum, a diminutive of canticum, "song") is a psalm-like song with biblical lyrics taken from elsewhere than the Book of Psalms, but included in psalters and books such as the breviary. Of special importance to the Divine Office are three New Testament Canticles that are the climaxes of the Offices of Lauds, Vespers and Compline; these are respectively Benedictus (Luke 1:68-79), Magnificat (Luke 1:46-55) and Nunc dimittis (Luke  2:29-32). There are also a number of Canticles taken from the Old Testament.
The Best American Short Stories 1982
The Best American Short Stories 1982, a volume in The Best American Short Stories series, was edited by Shannon Ravenel and by guest editor John Gardner. The volume was published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Company (HMH)
(/ˈhoʊtən/,
HOH-tən)
is an American publisher of textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, and reference works. The company is based in the Boston Financial District. It was formerly known as the Houghton Mifflin Company, but it changed its name following the 2007 acquisition of Harcourt Publishing. Before March 2010, it was a subsidiary of Education Media and Publishing Group Limited, an Irish-owned holding company registered in the Cayman Islands and formerly known as Riverdeep. In 2022, it was acquired by Veritas Capital, a New York–based private-equity firm.
Mount Schmid
Mount Schmid (77°58′S 85°40′W﻿ / ﻿77.967°S 85.667°W﻿ / -77.967; -85.667) is a mountain on the south side of Embree Glacier, rising 8 km east of Mount Goldthwait in Bangey Heights in the northern portion of the Sentinel Range, Antarctica. Mapped by USGS from surveys and US Navy air photos, 1957–59. Named by the US-ACAN for Captain Ernest A. Schmid, USAF, who participated in the establishment of the IGY South Pole Station during the 1956–57 season.

Bangey Heights
The Bangey Heights (Bulgarian: Бангейски възвишения, ‘Bangeyski Vazvisheniya’ \ban-'gey-ski v&-zvi-'she-ni-ya\) are in Antarctica. They are the heights rising to 2997 m near Bezden Peak in north-central Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, extending 12 km in southwest–northeast direction and 10 km in northwest–southeast direction.  They are bounded by Patleyna Glacier to the west, Embree Glacier to the northwest and northeast, and Kopsis Glacier to the southeast, and linked to Probuda Ridge to the southwest by Chepino Saddle, and to Maglenik Heights to the south by Panicheri Gap. Their interior is drained by Marsa Glacier and Padala Glacier.

The heights are named after the settlement of Bangeytsi in northern Bulgaria.
Theodore Csanád
Theodore of the Csanád clan (Hungarian: Csanád nembéli Tódor; died c. 1234) was an influential nobleman in the Kingdom of Hungary at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries. He led a palace coup against Andrew II of Hungary and was installed as Palatine of Hungary for a brief time in 1222. He was also ispán of at least five counties in the first decades of the 13th century.

Palatine of Hungary
The Palatine of Hungary (Hungarian: nádor or nádorispán, German: Landespalatin, Latin: palatinus regni Hungariae) was the highest-ranking office in the Kingdom of Hungary from the beginning of the 11th century to 1848. Initially, Palatines were representatives of the monarchs, later (from 1723) the vice-regent (viceroy). In the early centuries of the kingdom, they were appointed by the king, and later (from 1608) were elected by the Diet of the Kingdom of Hungary. A Palatine's jurisdiction included only Hungary proper, in the Kingdom of Croatia until 1918 the ban held similar function as the highest office in the Kingdom (after the king himself), monarch's representative, commander of the royal army and viceroy (after the union of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia with Hungary in 1102).
Monumental Arch of Palmyra
The Monumental Arch, also called the Arch of Triumph (Arabic: قوس النصر) or the Arch of Septimius Severus, was an ornamental archway in Palmyra, Syria. It was built in the 3rd century during the reign of emperor Septimius Severus. Its ruins later became one of the main attractions of Palmyra until it was officially destroyed by the ISIS in 2015. Most of its stonework still survives and there are plans to rebuild it using anastylosis.

Directorate-General of Antiquities and Museums
The Directorate-General for Antiquities and Museums (DGAM); Arabic: المديرية العامة للآثار والمتاحف) is a Syrian government-owned agency that is responsible for the protection, promotion and excavation activities in all sites of national heritage in the country. The Directorate was established shortly after Syria's independence in 1946 under the central supervision of the Ministry of Culture.
Gorlepeta
Gorlepeta is a village in Srikakulam district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Ranastalam mandal, near the coast of the Bay of Bengal. It comes under Krishnapuram Gram Panchayat.

Ranastalam
Ranastalam is a village adjoining National Highway 16 in Srikakulam district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. There are nearly 55 villages in Ranastalam mandal. J.R.Puram, Kondamulagam, Kosta pydibheemavaram kammasigadam etc.
MDK (community)
MDK (also МДК) is the most popular community in social network VK.com with more than 8.3 million followers (as of June 2017). By May 2016, MDK grew into a network of communities with a total monthly audience of about 20 million people.

Most of the entries in the group are funny pictures, Internet memes and demotivators on issues of the day. The content is created by users and the community administration.

VK (service)
VK (short for its original name VKontakte; Russian: ВКонтакте, lit. 'InContact') is a Russian online social media and social networking service based in Saint Petersburg. VK is available in multiple languages but it is predominantly used by Russian speakers. VK users can message each other publicly or privately, edit messages, create groups, public pages, and events; share and tag images, audio, and video; and play browser-based games.

As of August 2018, VK had at least 500 million accounts. As of November 2022, it was the sixth most popular website in Russia. The network was also popular in Ukraine until it was banned by the Supreme Council in 2017.

According to Semrush, in 2024, VK was the 30th most visited website in the world; as YouTube is subject to blocking in Russia, VK Video overtook Google's top position in monthly web traffic for the first time in December 2024, as part of the major substitution to domestic business.
John Hawkes (horseman)
John Hawkes is an Australian Thoroughbred racehorse trainer who is notable for heading:

the national trainers' premiership ten times

the Sydney premiership nine times (1993/94, 94/95, 95/96, 97/98, 98/99, 99/2000, 2003/04, 05/06, 06/07)

leading Group One trainer six times

leading stakes-winning trainer nine times.

Hawkes started in the racing industry in Adelaide as an apprentice jockey.

From 1989 to the mid 2000s, John Hawkes managed stables in Adelaide, Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne for Bob and Jack Ingham.

In 2004 Hawkes was inducted into the Australian Racing Hall of Fame. He is also inducted into the South Australian Racing Hall of Fame.

In 2007 Hawkes left the Ingham operation and has subsequently trained in partnership with his sons Michael and Wayne.

H E Tancred Stakes
H E Tancred Stakes is an Australian Turf Club Group 1 Weight for Age Thoroughbred horse race for horses three years old and older, run over 2,400 metres at Rosehill Gardens Racecourse in Sydney, Australia. The prize money for the event is A$1,500,000.
St. Paul's Catholic Church (San Francisco)
St. Paul's Catholic Church (Spanish: Parroquia de San Pablo) is an American Catholic parish church of the Archdiocese of San Francisco. The parish is located in the city of San Francisco, California, at 221 Valley Street and the corner of Church Street in the city's Noe Valley neighborhood.

Archdiocese of San Francisco
The Archdiocese of San Francisco (Latin: Archdiœcesis Sancti Francisci; Spanish: Arquidiócesis de San Francisco) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in the northern California region of the United States. The Archdiocese of San Francisco was erected on July 29, 1853, by Pope Pius IX. Its cathedral is the Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption.
Everett Kinstler
Everett Raymond Kinstler (August 5, 1926 – May 26, 2019) was an American artist whose official portraits include Presidents Gerald Ford and Ronald Reagan, both of which hang in The White House. He was also a pulp and comic book artist, whose work appeared mainly in the 1940s and 1950s.

Atlas Comics (1950s)
Atlas Comics was the 1950s comic-book publishing label that evolved into Marvel Comics. Magazine and paperback novel publisher Martin Goodman, whose business strategy involved having a multitude of corporate entities, used Atlas as the umbrella name for his comic-book division during this time. Atlas evolved out of Goodman's 1940s comic-book division, Timely Comics, and was located on the 14th floor of the Empire State Building. This company is distinct from the 1970s comic-book company, also founded by Goodman, that is known as Atlas/Seaboard Comics.
Love in a Riddle
Love in a Riddle is a 1729 ballad opera by the British actor-manager Colley Cibber. It was part of a boom in ballad operas inspired by the enormous success of John Gay's The Beggar's Opera the previous year.

The original Drury Lane cast included John Mills as Arcas, John Harper as Aegon, Charles Williams as Amyntas, Sarah Thurmond as Iphis, Colley Cibber as Philautus, Benjamin Griffin as Corydon, James Oates as Mopsus, Joe Miller as Cimon, Jane Cibber as Ianthe and Kitty Clive as Phillida. The prologue was spoken by Robert Wilks.

Ballad opera
The ballad opera is a genre of English comic opera stage play that originated in the early 18th century, and continued to develop over the following century and later. Like the earlier comédie en vaudeville and the later Singspiel, its distinguishing characteristic is the use of tunes in a popular style (either pre-existing or newly composed) with spoken dialogue. These English plays were 'operas' mainly insofar as they satirized the conventions of the imported opera seria. Music critic Peter Gammond describes the ballad opera as "an important step in the emancipation of both the musical stage and the popular song."
Ysengrinia
Ysengrinia is an extinct genus of carnivoran in the family Amphicyonidae, that lived during the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene. Fossil remains have been discovered in Western Europe, the United States and possibly China. The European species are among the earliest known members of the Thaumastocyoninae, a group of aberrant amphicyonids showcasing hypercarnivorous adations, but are only known from fragmentary remains. The American species is much better preserved and shows a robust, black-bear sized predator. These fossils play an important role in our understanding of the biotic interchange between Eurasia and North America during the earliest Miocene. However, more recent research suggests that the genus might be polyphyletic, and that several of its species should be excluded from Ysengrinia.

Thaumastocyoninae
Thaumastocyoninae is an extinct subfamily of amphicyonids, large terrestrial carnivores, which inhabited what is now Europe during the Miocene epoch. The subfamily was erected by Hürzeler (1940), and is defined by the complete suppression of m1 metaconid, reduction of the premolars, except the p4, which is reinforced, and the oblique abrasion of the teeth, and the possession of hypercarnivorous tendencies. Thaumastocyonines are poorly known, with only about 65 dental specimens, most of those isolated teeth, being known as of 2020, although more complete remains have recently been discovered.
Brenizer Library
The Brenizer Library is a historic building in Merna, Nebraska. It was built in 1916-1917 by C.H. Empfield & Bert Elder thanks to a $6,500 donation from homesteader James G. Brenizer, and designed in the Prairie School and Classical Revival styles by architect Claude W. Way. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since July 3, 2007.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Custer County, Nebraska
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Custer County, Nebraska. It is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Custer County, Nebraska, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 14 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county. Another three sites were once listed but have since been removed.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 12, 2025.
Sørfjorden (Hardanger)
Sørfjorden is a 38-kilometre (24 mi) long fjord that is one of the innermost branches of the main Hardangerfjorden. It is located in Ullensvang Municipality in Vestland county, Norway.  It is the longest arm that branches off of the Hardangerfjord. Sørfjorden stretches from just north of the village of Kinsarvik straight south to the industrial town of Odda. The Folgefonna glacier and Folgefonna National Park are located just to the west of the fjord and the Hardangervidda mountain plateau lies to its east.

Some of the notable villages that line the sides of the fjord include (north to south): Kinsarvik, Lofthus, Vikebygd, Tyssedal, Eitrheim, and Odda. Norwegian National Road 13 follows the eastern shoreline of the fjord. All the villages along the fjord are filled with fruit farms and orchards, growing fruits like apples and cherries.

Folgefonna National Park
Folgefonna National Park (Norwegian: Folgefonna nasjonalpark) is a 545.2-square-kilometre (210.5 sq mi) national park in Vestland county, Norway. The park is located on the Folgefonna peninsula, and it spans the municipalities of Kvinnherad, Etne, and Ullensvang. The national park was opened by Queen Sonja on 14 May 2005.

Folgefonna is a collective term for three glaciers in the park (Nordre Folgefonna, Midtre Folgefonna, and Søndre Folgefonna).  At 168 square kilometres (65 sq mi), Folgefonna is the third largest ice cap in Norway. It probably reaches a maximum thickness of 300 to 400 metres (980 to 1,310 ft). Its highest point is 1,662 metres (5,453 ft) above sea level, and this is believed to be one of the wettest places in Norway, receiving an estimated annual precipitation of around 5,500 millimetres (220 in).
The Fear (1988 TV series)
The Fear is a five-part television drama produced for Thames Television by its subsidiary company Euston Films.

Transmitted on ITV between 17 February and 16 March 1988, The Fear is the story of Carl Galton (Iain Glen), the enterprising leader of a criminal gang running a protection racket in North London. Young and ambitious, Galton represents a new breed of criminal who seeks to expand his underworld empire and takes on the old East End firms.
1980's materialism clashes with old school London villainy as Galton rises to power, yet his ruthlessness carries a personal cost, especially on his wife Linda and best friend Marty.

Euston Films
Euston Films is a British film and television production company. It was originally a subsidiary of Thames Television, and operated from 1971 to 1994, producing various series for Thames, which were screened nationally on the ITV network. Euston Films productions include Van der Valk (1977), The Sweeney (1975–1978), Minder (1979–1994), Quatermass (1979), Danger UXB (1979), and Reilly, Ace of Spies (1983). The Sweeney had two feature film spin-offs, Sweeney! and Sweeney 2, which were also produced by Euston.

In 2014, Euston Films was revived as a production company by the owner of Thames, Fremantle.
Flinders, New South Wales
Flinders is a southern suburb of Shellharbour, located in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. Flinders is located approximately 111 kilometres south-southwest of New South Wales' capital city of Sydney. Flinders is close to a number of beaches and to and over 60 hectares of green open spaces including bush reserves, waterways and landscaped parks. Flinders adjoins neighbouring suburbs of Shellharbour, Shell Cove, Blackbutt and Shell Heights.

The area is served by the Shellharbour Junction railway station which replaced the previous Dunmore railway station on 22 November 2014. It was initially intended to call the new station Flinders. Premier Illawarra operates one bus route between Flinders and the railway station, namely route 52 to Shellharbour Junction railway station.

City of Shellharbour
The City of Shellharbour is a local government area in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. The city is located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) south of Sydney and covers the southern suburbs of the Wollongong urban area centred on Shellharbour. At the 2021 census, it had an estimated population of 76,271.

The area is bordered by the City of Wollongong to the north, with the boundary being the Lake Illawarra entrance (and the suburb of Lake Illawarra) and Macquarie Rivulet (Albion Park Rail).  The Municipality of Kiama is to the south of the City of Shellharbour.

The mayor of the Shellharbour City Council is Cr. Chris Homer.
West Catholic Preparatory High School
West Catholic Preparatory High School is a co-educational Catholic high school in the Archdiocese of Philadelphia. It is located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at 45th and Chestnut Streets, the University City neighborhood of West Philadelphia.

Archdiocese of Philadelphia
The Archdiocese of Philadelphia (Latin: Archidiœcesis Philadelphiensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in southeastern Pennsylvania in the United States. The seat of the archbishop is the Cathedral Basilica of Saints Peter and Paul in Philadelphia. Nelson J. Pérez is the archbishop.