hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neoceratodontidae
Neoceratodontidae is a family of lungfish containing Neoceratodus (represented by the extant Australian lungfish) and the extinct Mioceratodus. It, Lepidosirenidae, and Protopteridae represent the only lungfish families still extant.

Fossils from Triassic-aged sediments in Kyrgyzstan were previously assigned to this family, but phylogenetic evidence indicates that it diverged from the common ancestors of the African and South American lungfish during the Late Jurassic.

Lungfish
Lungfish, also known as dipnoans, are freshwater vertebrates belonging to the class Dipnoi. Lungfish are best known for their innovative respiratory system, including the ability to breathe air, and derived structures within Sarcopterygii, including the presence of lobed fins with a well-developed internal skeleton. Lungfish represent the closest living relatives of the tetrapods (which includes living amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals). The mouths of lungfish typically bear tooth plates, which are used to crush hard shelled organisms.

Today there are only six known species of lungfish, living in Africa, South America, and Australia, though they were formerly globally distributed. The fossil record of the group extends into the Early Devonian, over 410 million years ago. The earliest known members of the group were marine, while almost all post-Carboniferous representatives inhabit freshwater environments.
2025 World Para Archery Championships – Women's doubles compound open
The women's doubles compound open competition at the 2025 World Para Archery Championships, which will take place from 23 to 27 September 2025 in Gwangju, South Korea. Phoebe Paterson Pine and Jodie Grinham of Great Britain are the defending champion.

2025 World Para Archery Championships
The 2025 World Para Archery Championships was the 15th edition of the World Para Archery Championships. It took place from 22 to 28 September 2025 in Gwangju, South Korea. 239 athletes from 47 countries competed across seventeen events at the championships.
Matrix representation
Matrix representation is a method used by a computer language to store column-vector matrices of more than one dimension in memory.
Fortran and C use different schemes for their native arrays. Fortran uses "Column Major", in which all the elements for a given column are stored contiguously in memory. C uses "Row Major", which stores all the elements for a given row contiguously in memory.
LAPACK defines various matrix representations in memory. There is also Sparse matrix representation  and Morton-order matrix representation.
According to the documentation, in LAPACK the unitary matrix representation is optimized.  Some languages such as Java store matrices using Iliffe vectors. These are particularly useful for storing irregular matrices. Matrices are of primary importance in linear algebra.

Unitary matrix
In linear algebra, an invertible complex square matrix U is unitary if its matrix inverse U−1 equals its conjugate transpose U*, that is, if

where I is the identity matrix.

In physics, especially in quantum mechanics, the conjugate transpose is referred to as the Hermitian adjoint of a matrix and is denoted by a dagger (⁠⁠), so the equation above is written

A complex matrix U is special unitary if it is unitary and its matrix determinant equals 1.

For real numbers, the analogue of a unitary matrix is an orthogonal matrix. Unitary matrices have significant importance in quantum mechanics because they preserve norms, and thus, probability amplitudes.
George Clapp House
The George Clapp House is a historic house at 44 North Street in Grafton, Massachusetts. Built about 1835, it is the town's only significant example of high-style Greek Revival architecture, with temple treatment on both the front and one side. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 21, 1997.

Grafton, Massachusetts
Grafton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 19,664 at the 2020 census. The town consists of the North Grafton, Grafton, and South Grafton geographic areas, each with a separate ZIP Code. Incorporated in 1735, the town is home to a Nipmuc village known as Hassanamisco Reservation, the Willard House and Clock Museum, Community Harvest Project, and the Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine.
Harold Pinter and academia
Harold Pinter and academia concerns academic recognition of and scholarship pertaining to Harold Pinter, CH, CBE (1930–2008), English playwright, screenwriter, actor, director, poet, author, political activist, and the 2005 Nobel Laureate in Literature, at the time of his death considered by many "the most influential and imitated dramatist of his generation."

Melvyn Bragg
Melvyn Bragg, Baron Bragg (born 6 October 1939), is an English broadcaster, author, and parliamentarian. Earlier in his career, Bragg worked for the BBC in various roles including presenter, a connection that resumed in 1988 when he began to host Start the Week on BBC Radio 4. He was also the editor and presenter of The South Bank Show (1978–2010, 2012–2023), and served as Chancellor of the University of Leeds from 1999 until 2017.

After his ennoblement in 1998, he switched to presenting the new BBC Radio 4 documentary series In Our Time, an academic discussion radio programme, which has run to more than one thousand broadcast editions and is also a podcast. In September 2025, Bragg announced that he would step down from hosting the show after 27 years.
Nallapadu railway station
Nallapadu railway station (station code: NLPD), is an Indian Railways station in Guntur of Andhra Pradesh. It is located at Nallapadu, a suburb of the city on the Nallapadu–Nandyal section. It is administered under Guntur railway division of South Central Railway zone.

Guntur railway division
Guntur railway division is one of the six divisions of the South Coast Railway zone of Indian Railways. The division was sanctioned in 1995–96 and was fully operational on 1 April 2003, with its headquarters at Guntur. The Rail Vikas Bhavan in Pattabhipuram area of Guntur, serves as the office of Divisional Railway Manager. The present divisional manager is M. Ramakrishna.
Matías Kranevitter
Claudio Matías Kranevitter (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈti.as kɾaneˈβiteɾ]; born 21 May 1993) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Süper Lig club Fatih Karagümrük.

2015 FIFA Club World Cup
The 2015 FIFA Club World Cup (officially known as the FIFA Club World Cup Japan 2015 presented by Alibaba E-Auto for sponsorship reasons) was the 12th edition of the FIFA Club World Cup, a FIFA-organised international club football tournament between the winners of the six continental confederations, as well as the host nation's league champions. The tournament was hosted by Japan between 10 and 20 December 2015.

Defending champions Real Madrid did not qualify as they were eliminated in the semi-finals of the 2014–15 UEFA Champions League. The eventual winners of that competition, Barcelona, went on to win a record third Club World Cup title, beating Guangzhou Evergrande 3–0 in the semi-finals before beating River Plate by the same margin in the final.
Line engraving
Line engraving is a term for engraved images printed on paper to be used as prints or illustrations. The term is mainly used in connection with 18th- or 19th-century commercial illustrations for magazines and books or reproductions of paintings. It is not a technical term in printmaking, and can cover a variety of techniques, giving similar results.

Steel engraving is an overlapping term, for images that in fact are often mainly in etching, mostly used for banknotes, illustrations for books, magazines and decorative prints, often reproductive, from about 1820 to the early 20th century, when the technique became less used.  Copperplate engraving is another somewhat outdated term for engravings. With photography long established, engravings made today are nearly all artistic ones in printmaking, but the technique is not as common as it used to be; more than other printmaking techniques, engraving requires great skill and much practice, even for an experienced artist.

Shading
Shading refers to the depiction of depth perception in 3D models (within the field of 3D computer graphics) or illustrations (in visual art) by varying the level of darkness. Shading tries to approximate local behavior of light on the object's surface and is not to be confused with techniques of adding shadows, such as shadow mapping or shadow volumes, which fall under global behavior of light.
Joseph Pulitzer Jr.
Joseph Pulitzer III (May 13, 1913 – May 26, 1993)  was an American newspaperman and publisher of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch for 38 years. A grandson of the famous newsman Joseph Pulitzer, for 31 years he chaired the board which was responsible for awarding the Pulitzer Prize, and from 1955 to 1993 was chairman of the Pulitzer Publishing Company.

St. Louis Post-Dispatch
The St. Louis Post-Dispatch is a regional newspaper serving the St. Louis metropolitan area. Based in St. Louis, Missouri, it is the largest daily newspaper in the metropolitan area by circulation, surpassing the Belleville News-Democrat, Alton Telegraph, and Edwardsville Intelligencer. The publication has received 19 Pulitzer Prizes.

The paper is owned by Lee Enterprises of Davenport, Iowa, which purchased Pulitzer, Inc. in 2005 in a cash deal valued at $1.46 billion.
St. Rose of Lima Catholic Church (Gaithersburg, Maryland)
Saint Rose of Lima Catholic Church in Gaithersburg is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church in Maryland in the United States. It falls under the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of Washington and its archbishop. It is named after Saint Rose of Lima of Peru. Mass is held in both English and Spanish.

Archdiocese of Washington
The Archdiocese of Washington (Latin: Archidiœcesis Metropolitae Vashingtonensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or archdiocese, of the Catholic Church for the District of Columbia and several Maryland counties in the United States.

The Archdiocese of Washington is home to the Catholic University of America and Georgetown University. The archdiocese is also home to the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception. The only suffragan diocese of the archdiocese is the Diocese of Saint Thomas.

The mother church of the archdiocese is the Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle in downtown Washington. Robert McElroy was installed as the eighth Archbishop of Washington on March 11, 2025.
Gurtork
Gurtork (Persian: گورترك) is a village in Sar Asiab-e Yusefi Rural District, Bahmai-ye Garmsiri District, Bahmai County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 25, in 5 families.

Sar Asiab-e Yusefi Rural District
Sar Asiab-e Yusefi Rural District (Persian: دهستان سرآسياب يوسفي) is in Sar Asiab-e Yusefi District of Bahmai County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Deh-e Bonar-e Yusefi. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Sar Asiab-e Yusefi, now a city.
Farm Fresh Food & Pharmacy
Farm Fresh Food & Pharmacy is a supermarket chain with four independently owned stores, all of which are in Virginia. At its peak, Farm Fresh called itself "Virginia's Grocery Store" because it had stores spanning the state. Its headquarters were located in Virginia Beach and its largest presence was in the surrounding Norfolk/Virginia Beach (Hampton Roads) metropolitan area. The company was a wholly owned subsidiary of Eden Prairie, Minnesota-based SuperValu. On March 14, 2018, it was revealed that parent company, SuperValu, would be selling 21 stores to Kroger (under Kroger Mid-Atlantic and Harris Teeter) and Ahold Delhaize (under Food Lion). Currently, three Farm Fresh stores remain in operation under different ownership.

Harris Teeter
Harris Teeter Supermarkets, LLC., also known as Harris Teeter Neighborhood Food & Pharmacy, is an American supermarket chain based in Matthews, North Carolina, a suburb of Charlotte. As of January 2025, the chain operates 262 stores in seven states (North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Georgia, Florida, Delaware, Maryland) and Washington, D.C. Supermarket News ranked Harris Teeter No. 34 in the 2012 "Top 75 Retailers & Wholesalers" based on 2011 fiscal year sales of $4.3 billion.

On July 9, 2013, Harris Teeter Supermarkets announced that it was being acquired by The Kroger Company for $2.5 billion. The sale closed on January 28, 2014, though the company retained its name, brand, and headquarters in Matthews. On February 1, 2022, Harris Teeter named Tammy DeBoer as the company's president.
Peritaxia hispida
Peritaxia hispida is a species of broad-nosed weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America.

The species was first described in 1876 by George H. Horn in Leconte's The Rhynchoptera  of America, North of Mexico.

Entiminae
The Entiminae are a large subfamily in the weevil family Curculionidae, containing most of the short-nosed weevils, including such genera as Entimus, Otiorhynchus, Phyllobius, Sitona, and Pachyrrhynchus. In comparison with their stunning diversity, only a few of these weevils are notorious pests of major economic importance. Entimines are commonly encountered in the field, including urban environments, and abundant in entomological collections.
Navoi (crater)
Navoi is a crater on Mercury. It contains uncommon reddish material that indicates a different rock composition from its surroundings. Navoi also appears to have an irregularly shaped depression in its center. Such depressions have been seen elsewhere on Mercury, including within Praxiteles crater, and may indicate past volcanic activity.

Navoi was named after Uzbek poet Ali-Shir Nava'i in 2008.

The large crater Oskison is west of Navoi.

Exaggerated color image by MESSENGER

Detail of the northwestern end of the pit within the crater.  Image is about 8.8 km wide.

A view of the northeastern part of the pit.

Praxiteles (crater)
Praxiteles is a crater on Mercury.  It is one of 110 peak ring basins on Mercury.

MESSENGER's high-resolution images obtained during the mission's second Mercury flyby have revealed a number of irregularly shaped depressions on the floor of Praxiteles crater, making it a pit-floor crater. The colors near these depressions in wide angle camera (WAC) images are similar to those near volcanoes discovered during the mission's first Mercury flyby along the inner edge of the Caloris basin. The similar colors and the association with the irregular depressions (possible volcanic vents) are suggestive of past volcanic activity on the floor of Praxiteles.

The light coloration associated with the peak ring is now known as Orm Facula.

Praxiteles crater, first observed by Mariner 10, was named in 1979 by the IAU after the ancient Greek sculptor Praxiteles.
Tarkieb
Tarkieb is a 2000 Indian crime drama film directed by Esmayeel Shroff and produced by Jay Mehta. It stars Nana Patekar, Tabu, Shilpa Shetty, Aditya Pancholi, Milind Soman and Ashutosh Rana. The film was shot in Dubai.

Army Medical Corps (India)
The Army Medical Corps is a specialist corps in the Indian Army, which primarily provides medical services to all Army personnel, serving and veterans, along with their families. Along with the branches in the Indian Navy and Indian Air Force, it forms part of the Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS).
The AFMS consists of more than 70,000 personnel.

The Indian AMC is not to be confused with the Pakistani AMC. Nevertheless, both have common roots tracing back to British raj, as they were preceded by the former British Indian Army's Medical Corps until 1947.
Axigen
Axigen is a Linux, Windows, and Docker mail server with groupware and collaboration functionalities. It supports SMTP, IMAP, POP3, and webmail services, and includes features such as an integrated mailing list server, Antivirus and Antispam integration options, and various mobile capabilities including mobile-friendly webmail and Exchange ActiveSync support. Axigen can be hosted in data centers, on bare-metal or Private or Public Clouds of choice.

A free mail server version is available, along with the business mail server and the MSP mail server for Managed Service Providers, including features like a personal organizer and advanced security policies. The carrier-class ISP mail server solution completes the Axigen product range, with clustering support and delegated administration.

The latest version, Axigen 10.5.0, introduces new security tools and the possibility to recall or schedule emails.

Message transfer agent
Within the Internet email system, a message transfer agent (MTA), mail transfer agent, or mail relay is software that transfers electronic mail messages from one computer to another using the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. In some contexts, the alternative names mail server, mail exchanger, or MX host are used to describe an MTA.

Messages exchanged across networks are passed between mail servers, including any attached data files (such as images, multimedia, or documents). These servers often keep mailboxes for email. Access to this email by end users is typically either by webmail or an email client.
Vadapalani
Vadapalani is a neighbourhood in the city of Chennai in Tamil Nadu, India. It is known for its film studios, the Vadapalani Andavar Temple, and Vengeeswarar Temples which are important pilgrimage centres for Hindus. Situated in the western part of Chennai, Vadapalani is an important bus terminus on Arcot Road. Vadapalani is one of the busiest and densely populated areas in Chennai.

Virugambakkam
Virugambakkam is a residential neighbourhood of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is an important residential area of and is famous for its schools, market, residential colonies and residences of film artists. Virugambakkam had some of Chennai's oldest film studios.

Virugambakkam is one of the important localities of Chennai and owes its growth to the expansion of the city in the post-independence period. Prior to the establishment of residential colonies, Virugambakkam was a village covered by paddy fields, mango orchards and casuarina trees. Virugambakkam was first included within the Chennai city limits in 1977 along with other villages like Saligramam.

Virugambakkam is well-connected with the heart of Chennai city through roads. Buses running through Arcot Road link Virugambakkam with the more inner suburbs of Chennai city.
Chioma Toplis
Chioma Elizabeth Toplis // ⓘ  (Born 14 November 1972) is a Nigerian born actress in Nigeria's movie industry (popularly called Nollywood). She made her career debut in 2004 in the movie Stolen Bible alongside Kate Henshaw but gained prominence when she appeared in a lead role in a 2005 movie Trinity with several other prominent Nigerian actors She was remanded in prison due to a post she made.

Kate Henshaw
Kate Henshaw, also known as Kate Henshaw-Nuttall (born 19 July 1971), is a Nigerian actress. In 2008, she won the Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her performance in Stronger than Pain.
European Universities Football Championships
European Universities Football Championships were first organised in 2003, they have been organised annually since.

The European Universities Football Championships are coordinated by the European University Sports Association along with the 18 other sports on the program of the European universities championships.

European Universities Championships
European Universities Championships (EUC) are university sports competitions governed by the European University Sports Association (EUSA) since 2001. There are currently 23 sports in which the championships are organised. Participants in these events are European university teams and individuals.

In 2019 new Championships were created for kickboxing, orienteering, beach handball and water polo.
Southwest Alaska Municipal Conference
The Southwest Alaska Municipal Conference (SWAMC) is a non-profit regional economic development organization for Southwest Alaska. SWAMC serves three subregions of Southwest Alaska: the Aleutian/Pribilofs, Bristol Bay, and Kodiak.

SWAMC was formed out of the common interests of the region encompassing the Aleutians East Borough, Alaska, the Aleutians West Census Area, the Bristol Bay Borough, the Dillingham Census Area, the Kodiak Island Borough, and the Lake & Peninsula Borough. In 1988, municipal leaders from the region forged a partnership to advocate for the needs of rural communities and the responsible development of the region's core economic sector - commercial seafood harvesting and processing.

SWAMC is a member of the State of Alaska's ARDOR Program.

Dillingham Census Area, Alaska
Dillingham Census Area is a census area located in the state of Alaska, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 4,857, slightly up from 4,847 in 2010. It is part of the unorganized borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest community by far is the city of Dillingham, on a small arm of Bristol Bay on the Bering Sea.
Gliese 86 b
Gliese 86 b, sometimes referred to as Gliese 86 A b (so as to distinguish the planet from companion star "B") and/or shortened to Gl 86 b, is an extrasolar planet approximately 35 light-years away in the constellation of Eridanus. The planet was discovered orbiting a K-type main-sequence star (Gliese 86 A) by French scientists in November 1998. The planet orbits very close to the star, completing an orbit in 15.78 days.

Preliminary astrometric measurements made with the Hipparcos space probe suggested the planet has an orbital inclination of 164.0° and a mass 15 times that of Jupiter, which would make the object a brown dwarf. However, further analysis suggests the Hipparcos measurements are not precise enough to reliably determine astrometric orbits of substellar companions, thus the orbital inclination and true mass of the candidate planet remain unknown.

Eridanus (constellation)
Eridanus is a constellation which stretches along the southern celestial hemisphere. It is represented as a river. One of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century AD astronomer Ptolemy, it remains one of the 88 modern constellations. It is the sixth largest of the modern constellations.  The same name was later taken as a Latin name for the real Po River and also for the name of a minor river in Athens.
Bechenheim
Bechenheim (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛçn̩haɪm]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Alzey-Land, whose seat is in Alzey.

Alzey-Worms
Alzey-Worms (German pronunciation: [ˈaltsaɪˈvɔʁms]) is a district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the district Groß-Gerau (Hesse), the city of Worms and the districts of Bad Dürkheim, Donnersbergkreis, Bad Kreuznach and Mainz-Bingen.
Maishashan–Silchar Passenger
Maishashan Silchar Passenger is a passenger train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone of Indian Railways that connects the border town and the second largest city of Assam, that is, Maishashan and Silchar. The train runs two times each from Maishashan and Silchar, every day. The train makes its main halt at Karimganj Junction for 10 mins. The train runs with WDP-4

Northeast Frontier Railway zone
The Northeast Frontier Railway (abbreviated NFR) is one of the 19 railway zones of the Indian Railways. It is headquartered in Maligaon, Guwahati in the state of Assam, and responsible for operation and expansion of rail network all across Northeastern states and some districts of eastern Bihar and northern West Bengal.