hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Arena (Studio One)
"The Arena" is an American television play broadcast live on April 9, 1956, as part of the CBS television series, Studio One. Written by Rod Serling and directed by Franklin Schaffner, the story concerns a young U.S. Senator who seeks to avenge his father's political downfall by destroying his father's rival. He threatens to reveal the rival's membership 25 years earlier in "The Vindicators", an organization that the government has now classified as subversive.

Studio One (American TV series)
Studio One is an American anthology drama television series that was adapted from a radio series. It was created in 1947 by Canadian director Fletcher Markle, who came to CBS from the CBC. It premiered on November 7, 1948, and ended on September 29, 1958, with a total of 467 episodes over the course of 10 seasons.
Marton, Lincolnshire
Marton is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated at the junction between the A156 and the A1500. It is 5 miles (8 km) south of Gainsborough, and 11 miles (18 km) north-west of Lincoln. The population of the civil parish (including Gate Burton) was 747 at the 2011 census.  
The parish borders Brampton, Gate Burton, Sturton by Stow, North Leverton with Habblesthorpe, Cottam, Sturton-le-Steeple and Willingham.

West Lindsey
West Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Gainsborough, the district's largest town. The district also includes the towns of Caistor and Market Rasen, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. The east of the district includes part of the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are North Lincolnshire, North East Lincolnshire, East Lindsey, North Kesteven, Lincoln, Newark and Sherwood and Bassetlaw.
Quercus pentacycla
Quercus pentacycla is an uncommon Asian species of tree in the beech family Fagaceae. It has been found only in the Province of Yunnan in southwestern China. It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.

Quercus pentacycla is a tree up to 15 meters tall. Twigs are grayish brown. Leaves can be as much as 14 cm long.

Quercus subg. Cerris
Quercus subgenus Cerris is one of the two subgenera into which the genus Quercus was divided in a 2017 classification (the other being subgenus Quercus). It contains about 140 species divided among three sections. It may be called the Old World clade or the mid-latitude clade; all species are native to Eurasia and North Africa.
Resnova humifusa
Resnova humifusa is a species of flowering plant in the Asparagaceae family. It is a bulbous perennial plant, native to the Northern Provinces and KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa.

The homoisoflavanone 5,6-dimethoxy-7-hydroxy-3-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-4-chromanone can be found in the bulbs of R. humifusa.

Northern Provinces
The Northern Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "TVL". It includes the South African provinces of Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Limpopo (Northern Province) and North West, together making up an area slightly larger than the former Transvaal Province.
2022 Siquijor local elections
Local elections in Siquijor were held on May 9, 2022 as part of the 2022 Philippine general election. Voters elected all local posts in the province: town mayors, vice mayors, town councilors, as well as members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan - three in each of the province's two administrative districts, the governor, vice governor, and one representative for lone district of Siquijor.

The province's election turnout is 88.08%, (162 election returns) equivalent to 69,103 out of 78,458 total registered voters.

2022 Philippine general election
The 2022 Philippine general election took place on May 9, 2022, for the executive and legislative branches of government at every level – national, provincial, and local – except for the barangay officials.

At the top of the ballot is the election for the successors to President Rodrigo Duterte and Vice President Leni Robredo. There were also elections for:

12 seats of the Senate

All 316 seats of the House of Representatives

All 81 governors and vice governors, and 782 seats of the provincial boards in all provinces

All 146 city mayors and vice mayors, and 1,650 seats of the city councils in all cities

All 1,488 municipal mayors and vice mayors, and 11,908 seats of the municipal councils in all municipalities

The first election of the Bangsamoro Parliament was scheduled to be held on the same date, but was rescheduled to 2025.

This is the first election in Davao de Oro under that name, as it was renamed from Compostela Valley in December 2019 after a successful plebiscite.
2024–25 Western Football League
The 2024–25 Western Football League season (known as the 2024–25 Jewson Western Football League for sponsorship reasons) was the 123rd in the history of the Western Football League, a football competition in England. Teams were divided into two divisions: the Premier and the First.

The constitution was announced on 17 May 2024.

The Premier Division (step 5) promoted two clubs; one as champions and one via a four-team play-off.

2023–24 South West Peninsula League
The 2023–24 South West Peninsula League season was the 17th in the history of the South West Peninsula League, a football competition in England, that feeds the Premier Division of the Western Football League. The league was formed in 2007 from the merger of the Devon County League and the South Western League and, with the exceptions of Bishops Lydeard in Somerset and Bridport in Dorset, features clubs based in Cornwall and Devon. The two divisions of the South West Peninsula League are on the same level of the National League System as the Western League Division One (Step 6).

The constitution was announced on 15 May 2023.
Verina
Aelia Verina (Greek: Βερίνα; died 484) was the Eastern Roman empress as the wife of Leo I. She was a sister of Emperor Basiliscus. Her daughter Ariadne also became empress. Verina was the maternal grandmother of Leo II.

Isauria
Isauria (/aɪˈzɔːriə/ or /aɪˈsɔːriə/; Ancient Greek: Ἰσαυρία), in ancient geography, is a rugged, isolated district in the interior of Asia Minor, of very different extent at different periods, but generally covering what is now the district of Bozkır and its surroundings in the Konya Province of Turkey, or the core of the Taurus Mountains. In its coastal extension it bordered on Cilicia.

It derives its name from the warlike Isaurian tribe and the twin settlements Isaura Palaea (Ἰσαυρα Παλαιά, Latin: Isaura Vetus 'Old Isaura') and Isaura Nea (Ἰσαυρα Νέα, Latin: Isaura Nova 'New Isaura').

The Isaurians were fiercely independent mountain people who marauded and created havoc in neighboring districts under Macedonian and Roman occupations.
Mrgashen
40°17′06″N 44°32′32″E﻿ / ﻿40.28500°N 44.54222°E﻿ / 40.28500; 44.54222

Mrgashen (Armenian: Մրգաշեն; until 1964, "the village attached to Sovkhoz No. 36") is a village in the Kotayk Province of Armenia. It is located along the left bank of the Arzni-Shamiram aqueduct. Mrgashen was officially founded in March 1960 around the state-owned collective farm, or Sovkhoz No. 6. The local economy is highly dependent on agriculture, based primarily on orchard cultivation and pig or cattle breeding. The community currently has a school, kindergarten, house of culture (seating for 300), medical station (with six employees), and a library. Sixty percent of households receive natural gas, and drinking water for the village comes from the Arzakan-Yerevan network, while water for irrigation comes from the Arzni-Shamiram aqueduct.

Arzakan
40°26′58″N 44°36′23″E﻿ / ﻿40.44944°N 44.60639°E﻿ / 40.44944; 44.60639

Arzakan (Armenian: Արզական, previously known as Arzakyand), is a village in the Kotayk Province of Armenia. The Aghveran resort is located in Arzakan. There are the large ruins of the 10th- or 11th-century Neghutsi Vank, located along a ravine to the northwest of the village.  There are also the 13th-century monastic ruins of Ghuki Vank and 13th-century ruins of Surb Gevorg in the vicinity.
Strain (chemistry)
In chemistry, a molecule experiences strain when its chemical structure undergoes some stress which raises its internal energy in comparison to a strain-free reference compound.  The internal energy of a molecule consists of all the energy stored within it.  A strained molecule has an additional amount of internal energy which an unstrained molecule does not.  This extra internal energy, or strain energy, can be likened to a compressed spring.  Much like a compressed spring must be held in place to prevent release of its potential energy, a molecule can be held in an energetically unfavorable conformation by the bonds within that molecule.  Without the bonds holding the conformation in place, the strain energy would be released.

Cyclopentane
Cyclopentane (also called C pentane) is a highly flammable alicyclic hydrocarbon with chemical formula C5H10 and CAS number 287-92-3, consisting of a ring of five carbon atoms each bonded with two hydrogen atoms above and below the plane. It is a colorless liquid with a petrol-like odor. Its freezing point is −94 °C and its boiling point is 49 °C. Cyclopentane is in the class of cycloalkanes, being alkanes that have one or more carbon rings. It is formed by cracking cyclohexane in the presence of alumina at a high temperature and pressure.

It was first prepared in 1893 by the German chemist Johannes Wislicenus.
LigaSP
The Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba de  São Paulo - Independent League of the Samba Schools of São Paulo - or LigaSP is an entity that administrates the Special and  Access Groups of the Carnival of São Paulo.

In 1986 directors of the principal samba schools of São Paulo and a group of samba composers and dancers gathered in an assembly decided to create an association that would administrate the Paulista carnival.

Nowadays the LigaSP manages the parades, repassing the lucres to the samba schools of the Special and Access Groups, creating a group of sporting samba schools. in 2018 changes take control of all the groups in Anhembi, with the inclusion of Group 1, until then UESP. so we have the Access Groups 1 and 2.

Carnival of São Paulo
The Carnival of São Paulo (Portuguese: Carnaval de São Paulo) is a major Brazilian Carnival.  It features a parade of Samba schools and takes place in the Anhembi Sambadrome of São Paulo on the Friday and Saturday night of the week of Carnival.
It is currently considered one of Brazil's biggest and most important popular events.
Maarjamäe
Maarjamäe (Estonian for 'Maria's Hill') is a subdistrict (Estonian: asum) in the district of Pirita, Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. It is bordered by Pirita and Kose to the north, Lasnamäe to the south, Kadriorg to the southwest and the Bay of Tallinn to the west. As of 2022, it has a population of 2,412.

Maarjamäe's known history dates back to 1689, with the area back then known as Ristimäe/Streitberg. The end of the 17th century saw the construction of a summer manor, with the area becoming a popular resort for the burghers. The construction of a sugar factory in 1811 saw the area become known as Suhkrumäe, with its current name only coming into existence in 1873. Suburbia construction ensued in the 1940s and 1950s, transforming the area into its modern form.

Kadriorg
Kadriorg (Estonian for 'Catherine's Valley') is a subdistrict in the district of Kesklinn ("Midtown"), Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. It has a population of 4,561 (As of 1 January 2015). The subdistrict name derives from the Catherinethal, a Baroque palace of Catherine I of Russia. It is one of the wealthiest neighbourhoods in Estonia.

Kadriorg is known for Kadriorg Palace and surrounding Kadriorg Park, commissioned by the Russian Czar Peter the Great. Nowadays, the park is a location of several museums including the Kadriorg Art Museum (a branch of the Art Museum of Estonia in Kadriorg palace), Kumu Art Museum, Mikkel, Peter the Great Museum and Eduard Vilde Museum. Nearby, close to the sea, is the Russalka Memorial which commemorates the loss of a Russian warship in 1893.

The official residence of the President of Estonia is situated next to Kadriorg Palace in the park.
George Square
George Square (Scottish Gaelic: Ceàrnag Sheòrais) is the principal civic square in the city of Glasgow, Scotland. It is one of six squares in the city centre, the others being Cathedral Square, St Andrew's Square, St Enoch Square, Royal Exchange Square, and Blythswood Square on Blythswood Hill.

Named after King George III and initially laid out in 1781 but not developed for another twenty years, George Square is surrounded by architecturally important buildings including on the east side the palatial City Chambers, whose foundation stone was laid in 1883, and on the west side by the Merchants' House. Built by Glasgow Corporation, the Chambers are the headquarters of Glasgow City Council. Joseph Swan's panoramic engraving of 1829 shows the early development of the square and its surrounding buildings.

The square boasts an important collection of statues and monuments, including those dedicated to Robert Burns, James Watt, Sir Robert Peel and Sir Walter Scott.

Blythswood Square
Blythswood Square is the Georgian square on Blythswood Hill in the heart of the City of Glasgow, Scotland. The square is part of the 'Magnificent New Town of Blythswood' built in the 1800s on the rising empty ground west of a very new Buchanan Street. 
These open grounds were part of the vast Lands of Blythswood stretching to the River Kelvin acquired by the Douglas-Campbell family in the 17th century. The Blythswood  district, and its grid of streets, became a Conservation Area in 1970, because of its important architectural and historic buildings.

The square is one of the largest residential developments on Blythswood Hill on over 35 acres (14 ha) of ground.
Pierre Sané
Pierre Sané (born 1949) is the founder president of the Africa Institute. He was UNESCO's Assistant Director-General for Social and Human Sciences from May 2001 to June 2010. He was Secretary General of Amnesty International from October 1992 to April 2001. Sané is one of Progressive International's global cabinet.

International Development Research Centre
The International Development Research Centre (IDRC; French: Centre de recherches pour le développement international, CRDI) is a Canadian federal Crown corporation. As part of Canada's foreign affairs and development efforts, IDRC champions and funds research and innovation within and alongside developing regions to drive global change. IDRC invests in high-quality research in developing countries, shares knowledge with researchers and policymakers for greater uptake and use, and mobilizes global alliances to build a more sustainable and inclusive world.

According its 2021-22 Annual Report, IDRC's parliamentary appropriation reflects 3% of Canada's international assistance envelope.
2016 UCLA shooting
On June 1, 2016, two men were killed in a murder-suicide at a School of Engineering building on the campus of University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). The gunman was identified as Mainak Sarkar, an Indian-born 38-year-old former UCLA Ph.D student. The victim was William Scott Klug, a professor who was Sarkar's thesis advisor while Sarkar was a student at UCLA. A woman, later identified as Sarkar's estranged wife, was found dead in Minnesota during the subsequent investigation into the shooting, and is suspected to have been killed by Sarkar several days before the UCLA shooting.

Culver City, California
Culver City is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,779. It is mostly surrounded by Los Angeles, but also shares a border with the unincorporated area of Ladera Heights to the east. The city was named after Harry Culver who incorporated it in 1917.

In the 1920s, Culver City became a center for film and later television production. It was best known as the home of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios from 1924 to 1986. From 1932 to 1986, it was the headquarters for the Hughes Aircraft Company. National Public Radio West and Sony Pictures Entertainment have headquarters in the city. It has been described as a "largely idyllic...peaceful, semi-suburban community with a relatively low crime rate and high quality of life" best known for its "parks, studio lots, and breakfast burritos".
Any Trouble
Any Trouble are a British rock band, originating from Crewe, England, best known for their early 1980s recordings.

In 1980, Melody Maker stated that Any Trouble were "the most exciting new rock 'n' roll group since the Pretenders".

The Pretenders
The Pretenders are a British-American rock band formed in March 1978. The original band consisted of founder and main songwriter Chrissie Hynde (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), James Honeyman-Scott (lead guitar, backing vocals, keyboards), Pete Farndon (bass guitar, backing vocals) and Martin Chambers (drums, backing vocals, percussion). Following the deaths of Honeyman-Scott in 1982 and Farndon in 1983, the band experienced numerous personnel changes; American-born Hynde has been the band's only continuous member.

The band's hit songs include "Kid" (1979), "Brass in Pocket" (1979), "Talk of the Town" (1980), "Message of Love" (1981), "My City Was Gone" (1982), "Back on the Chain Gang" (1982), "Middle of the Road" (1983), "2000 Miles" (1983), "Don't Get Me Wrong" (1986), "My Baby" (1986) and "I'll Stand by You" (1994). The Pretenders were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2005.
SMS V28
SMS V28 was a V25-class torpedo boat of the Imperial German Navy that served during the First World War. The ship was built by AG Vulcan at Stettin in Prussia (now Szczecin in Poland), and was completed in September 1914. The ship took part in the Battle of Dogger Bank, the Battle of the Gulf of Riga in 1915, and the Battle of Jutland on 31 May 1916.

V28 survived the war after which she was surrendered under the Treaty of Versailles and scrapped in 1922.

V25-class torpedo boat
The V25 class (also known as the Type 1913) was a class of torpedo boat built for the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine). It was numerically the largest class ever built for the High Seas Fleet, consisting of 71 ships. Of the class, 32 were sunk during World War I, several to mines in the North Sea and Baltic Sea.
Of those that survived the war 29 were scuttled with the German fleet at Scapa Flow, one was destroyed by a mine on the way there, four were given to Britain and were not scuttled while one was given to Italy and France.
Isa Ashiru Kudan
Isa Ashiru Kudan Listenⓘ(born 23 October 1962) is a Nigerian politician from Kudan, Nigeria. He is a business man and holds the traditional title of Sarkin Bai of Zazzau Emirate. He is the governorship candidate of Peoples Democratic Party for 2023 in Kaduna State, Nigeria.  He was previously the House of Representatives of Nigeria representing Kudan/Makarfi Federal Constituency from 2007 to 2015, and Member representing Kudan Constituency at Kaduna State House of Assembly.

Nasir El-Rufai
Nasir Ahmad el-Rufai CON (Listenⓘ; born 16 February 1960) is a Nigerian politician who served as the governor of Kaduna State from 2015 to 2023. A member of the African Democratic Congress (ADC) since November 2025 after his defection from the All Progressives Congress (APC) which he was one of the founding member, and served as the minister of the Federal Capital Territory from 2003 to 2007 under the presidency of Olusegun Obasanjo.
Hughes Aerospace Corporation
Hughes Aerospace Corporation is an American air navigation service provider that specializes in the design, validation, and maintenance of instrument flight procedures. The company is noted for work in Performance-based navigation (PBN) and rotorcraft operations.

Naples Airport (Florida)
Naples Airport (IATA: APF, ICAO: KAPF, FAA LID: APF), formerly known as Naples Municipal Airport, is a public use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) northeast of the central business district of Naples. It's the most populous city and county seat of Collier County, Florida. It is owned by the Naples Airport Authority. The airport is home to flight schools, air charter operators, car rental agencies, and corporate aviation and non-aviation businesses. The airport is also a central location for public services, including fire/rescue services, mosquito control, the Collier County Sheriff's Aviation Unit and other community services.

During fiscal year 2021–2022, the airport serviced 113,137 operations. The airport is used almost exclusively for general aviation, with one airline, JSX, offering scheduled passenger service as of 2025.
Zastler Hut
The Zastler Hut (German: Zastler Hütte) is a managed mountain hut situated at a height of 1,256 m above NHN in the Black Forest in Germany. It is located in the Zastler Loch northwest of the Feldberg summit, the highest peak in the Black Forest and state of Baden-Württemberg.

Black Forest
The Black Forest (German: Schwarzwald [ˈʃvaʁtsvalt] ⓘ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is the source of the Danube and Neckar rivers.

Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft) above sea level. Roughly oblong in shape, with a length of 160 kilometres (100 miles) and breadth of up to 50 km (30 mi), it has an area of about 6,009 km2 (2,320 sq mi).

Historically, the area was known for forestry and the mining of ore deposits, but tourism has now become the primary industry, accounting for around 300,000 jobs. There are several ruined military fortifications dating back to the 17th century.
Populism in Latin America
Populism refers to a range of political stances that emphasise the idea of "the people" and often juxtapose this group against "the elite". This article focuses on populism in Latin America.

Latin America has been claimed to have the world's "most enduring and prevalent populist tradition" with both left-wing populists and right-wing populists achieving historical and current-day electoral success in many Latin American nations. This has been argued to be because Latin America is a region with a long tradition of democratic governance and free elections, but with high rates of socio-economic inequality, generating widespread resentments that politicians can articulate through populism.

Petrobras
Petróleo Brasileiro S.A., better known by and trading as the portmanteau Petrobras (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˌpɛtɾoˈbɾas, pet-]), is a Brazilian majority state-owned multinational corporation in the petroleum industry, which is headquartered in Rio de Janeiro. The company's name translates to Brazilian Petroleum Corporation.

The company was ranked #71 in the 2023 Fortune Global 500 list. In the 2023 Forbes Global 2000, Petrobras was ranked as the 58th-largest public company in the world.
Gałki, Łódź Voivodeship
Gałki [ˈɡau̯ki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brąszewice, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Brąszewice, 24 km (15 mi) west of Sieradz, and 77 km (48 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Brąszewice
Brąszewice [brɔ̃ʂɛˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Brąszewice. It lies approximately 24 km (15 mi) south-west of Sieradz and 78 km (48 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.