hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Portuguese Renaissance
The Portuguese Renaissance was the cultural and artistic movement in Portugal during the 15th and 16th centuries. Though the movement coincided with the Spanish and Italian Renaissances, the Portuguese Renaissance was largely separate from other European Renaissances and instead was extremely important in opening Europe to the unknown and bringing a more worldly view to those European Renaissances, as at the time the Portuguese Empire spanned the globe.

As the pioneer of the Age of Discoveries, Portugal flourished in the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries, with voyages to India, the Orient, the Americas, and Africa. This immense trade network would create an extremely wealthy Portuguese nobility and monarchy, that would become patrons for an immense flourishing of culture, arts, and technology in Portugal and all over the world.

Henry, King of Portugal
Henry (Portuguese: Henrique [ẽˈʁikɨ]; 31 January 1512 – 31 January 1580), dubbed the Chaste (Portuguese: o Casto) and the Cardinal-King (Portuguese: o Cardeal-Rei), was King of Portugal and an inquisitor and cardinal of the Catholic Church, who ruled Portugal between 1578 and 1580. As a clergyman, he was bound to celibacy, and as such, had no children to succeed him, and thus put an end to the reigning House of Aviz. His death led to the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580 and ultimately to the 60-year Iberian Union that saw Portugal share a monarch with Habsburg Spain. The next independent monarch of Portugal would be John IV, who restored the throne after 60 years of Spanish rule. He was the only cardinal to have served as a monarch.
Snip-snap-snorum
Snip-snap-snorum, or snip-snap-snorem (sometimes unhyphenated), is a matching-type card game, mostly played by children, and has several variants.  The game dates to at least the 17th century in Franconia, and probably derives from a more ancient drinking and gambling game. References to "snip, snap, snorum", which seems to be the original English spelling, go back to at least 1755.

Eliza Leslie
Eliza Leslie (1787 – 1858), frequently referred to as Miss Leslie, was an American author of popular cookbooks during the nineteenth century. She also wrote household management books, etiquette books, novels, short stories and articles for magazines and newspapers.
Former Yamauchi Residence
The Former Yamauchi Residence (旧山内家下屋敷長屋, Kyū Yamauchike shimoyashiki nagaya) in Kōchi, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan belonged to the Yamauchi daimyō of Tosa Domain. The nagaya of 1864, 33.4m x 5.7m, twin storey, with a hip-and-gable tiled roof, is an Important Cultural Property.

Nagaya (architecture)
A nagaya (長屋, lit. 'longhouse') is a type of Japanese rowhouse that was typical during the Edo period (1603–1868).

A nagaya was a long housing complex under the same ridge, one or two stories high, divided into small compartments for rent. The well, toilet and waste facilities were shared. Except for a bedroom, each household only had a kitchen. Historically, similar houses were built around a rich manor or castle for low-ranking samurai. Later, they accommodated both samurai and commoners. At the ends of the building shops were located, typically, their owners living in adjacent rooms.
The wealthier tenants lived in the rooms facing the street. Usually, the tenants of a nagaya didn't have a family. The rooms had an earthen floor, with a size of 8–10 square meters.

Nagaya were also known as yakeya (焼け家, burning house), due to their tendency to catch fire.

If a gateway was located in one section, that structure was called a nagayamon (長屋門, longhouse-gate).
Honda X11
The Honda X11 (also called CB1100SF)  is a  standard motorcycle produced by Honda with a 1,137 cc (69.4 cu in) liquid-cooled, inline-four engine and downforce inducing radiator shroud that increased cooling capacity and stability at high speed. It is based on the CBR1100XX Super Blackbird.

Honda CBR1100XX
The Honda CBR1100XX Super Blackbird (model code SC35) is a sport bike, part of the CBR series made by Honda from 1996 to 2007. The bike was developed to challenge the Kawasaki Ninja ZX-11 as the world's fastest production motorcycle, and Honda succeeded with a top speed of 177 mph (285 km/h). Two years later the title passed to the Suzuki Hayabusa, which reached 193 mph (311 km/h). The Blackbird is named after the Lockheed SR-71, also a speed record holder.

It has the largest-displacement engine in Honda's CBR range of motorcycles.
Grant McQuoid
Grant Antony McQuoid (born 30 July 1979) is a New Zealand former professional rugby union player.

A Matamata College product, McQuoid was a NZ Colts representative player, featuring in the same backline as future All Blacks Rico Gear, Doug Howlett and Nathan Mauger.

McQuoid debuted for Waikato at the age of 19 in their successful 1998 Ranfurly Shield defence against the Bay of Plenty, before crossing over to the Steamers in 2002. He scored four tries during the Bay of Plenty's historic 2004 Ranfurly Shield-winning season. After two seasons with the Chiefs in 2004 and 2005, McQuoid plied his trade in Japanese professional rugby, competing with Yamaha Júbilo. He had one more campaign at the Bay of Plenty on his return to New Zealand and brought up 50 provincial appearances.

Doug Howlett
Douglas Charles Howlett (born 21 September 1978) is a retired New Zealand professional rugby union player. He was primarily a wing, but he also sometimes played as a fullback.

He played for Auckland, and the Highlanders, Hurricanes and Blues in Super Rugby. He finished his career with Munster in Ireland.

With 49 tries in 62 tests, Howlett is currently the seventh-highest try scorer in rugby union history and the top try scorer for New Zealand.
Speed Walton
Speed Walton is an American hip hop artist based in Cincinnati, Ohio. Speed gained recognition while using his previous stage name Buggs Tha Rocka. During that time, he released various underground  mix-tapes and projects.

Talib Kweli
Talib Kweli Greene (/tæˈlɪb kwɑːˈliː/; born October 3, 1975) is an American rapper. He is one half of the hip-hop duo Black Star, which he formed in 1997 with fellow Brooklyn rapper Mos Def. Their 1998 single, "Definition", entered the Billboard Hot 100 and preceded their eponymous debut album (1998), which entered the Billboard 200. The duo then began pursuing solo careers, although one further Black Star album — No Fear of Time (2022) — has been released.

In 2011, Kweli founded his own record label, Javotti Media.
Woodrow Chambliss
Lewis Woodrow Chambliss (October 14, 1914 – January 8, 1981) was an American character actor who appeared in both feature films and television. He is perhaps best known for his appearances as several characters in the TV hit Gunsmoke, where he eventually settled into the recurring role of storekeeper Mr. Lathrop.

Repertory theatre
A repertory theatre, also called repertory, rep, true rep or stock, which are also called producing theatres, is a theatre in which a resident company presents works from a specified repertoire, usually in alternation or rotation.
Queen's Own Oxfordshire Hussars
The Queen's Own Oxfordshire Hussars (QOOH) was a Yeomanry Cavalry regiment of the British Army's auxiliary forces, formed in 1798. It saw service in the Second Boer War with 40 and 59 Companies of the Imperial Yeomanry and was the first Yeomanry regiment to serve in Belgium and France during the Great War. After almost four years of Trench warfare on the Western Front, where cavalry had been superfluous, the QOOH led the advance during the Allies' victorious Hundred Days Offensive in 1918. In 1922, the QOOHt became part of the Royal Artillery and during World War II it served as anti-tank gunners at Singapore and in North West Europe. After a series of postwar mergers and changes of role, the regiment's lineage is maintained by 142 (Queen's Own Oxfordshire Hussars) Vehicle Squadron, 165 Port and Maritime Regiment RLC.

Battle of the Lys (1918)
The Battle of the Lys, also known as the Fourth Battle of Ypres, was fought from 7 to 29 April 1918 and was part of the German spring offensive in Flanders during the First World War. It was originally planned by General Erich Ludendorff as Operation George but was reduced to Operation Georgette, with the objective of capturing Ypres, forcing the British forces back to the Channel ports and out of the war. In planning, execution and effects, Georgette was similar to (although smaller than) Operation Michael, earlier in the Spring Offensive.
Ali Shafiei
Ali Shafiei (Persian: علی شفیعی, born September 21, 1991, in Amol) is an Iranian volleyball player who plays as a middle blocker for the Iranian national team and Labaniat Haraz.

He was named Breakout Star Of The 2014/15 Iranian Volleyball Super league. He made his debut for Iran against France in the 2018 Nations League. He has become a fixed member of Iran's national squad since.

Saipa Tehran VC
Saipa Tehran Volleyball Club (Persian: باشگاه والیبال سایپا تهران, Bâshgâh-e Vâlibâl-e Sâipâ-ye Tehrân) (formerly known as Saipa Alborz) is an Iranian professional volleyball team based in Tehran, Iran. They compete in the Iranian Volleyball Super League. The team is owned by SAIPA, an Iranian automobile manufacturer. Saipa VC is the volleyball club of the multisport Saipa Cultural and Athletic Corporation.
Bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride
Bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride is the chemical compound with the formula [((C6H5)3P)2N]Cl, often abbreviated [(Ph3P)2N]Cl, where Ph is phenyl C6H5, or even abbreviated [PPN]Cl or [PNP]Cl or PPNCl or PNPCl, where PPN or PNP stands for (Ph3P)2N. This colorless salt is a source of the [(Ph3P)2N]+ cation (abbreviated PPN+ or PNP+), which is used as an unreactive and weakly coordinating cation to isolate reactive anions. [(Ph3P)2N]+ is a phosphazene.

Phenyl group
In organic chemistry, the phenyl group, or phenyl ring, is a cyclic group of atoms with the formula C6H5−, and is often represented by the pseudoelement symbol Ph (archaically φ) or Ø. The phenyl group is closely related to benzene and can be viewed as a benzene ring, minus a hydrogen atom, which may be replaced by some other element or compound to serve as a functional group. A phenyl group has six carbon atoms bonded together in a hexagonal planar ring, five of which are bonded to individual hydrogen atoms, with the remaining carbon bonded to a substituent. Phenyl groups are commonplace in organic chemistry. Although often depicted with alternating double and single bonds, the phenyl group is chemically aromatic and has equal bond lengths between carbon atoms in the ring.
MS Orazio
MS Orazio was an Italian ocean liner of the interwar period, owned by Navigazione Generale Italiana and later the Italian Line. She was destroyed by a fire off Toulon in January 1940, with the loss of 108 lives; in terms of loss of life this is the fourth greatest peacetime maritime disaster in Italian history, after those of Principessa Mafalda, Sirio, and Moby Prince. It was however quickly forgotten due to Italy entering World War II a few months later.

Moby Prince disaster
The Moby Prince disaster was a major maritime accident resulting in 140 deaths. It occurred in the late evening of Wednesday 10 April 1991, in the harbour of Livorno, Italy. It is the worst disaster in the Italian merchant navy since World War II. It is also considered one of the two worst environmental disasters in Italian history, along with the explosion and loss of the tanker Amoco Milford Haven on the following day in an unrelated accident near Voltri.

MV Moby Prince, a ferry owned by Navigazione Arcipelago Maddalenino (NAVARMA) Lines, collided with the oil tanker Agip Abruzzo, sparking an extensive fire that ravaged the ship. The only survivor of the crew and passengers of the ferry was a young ship's boy, Alessio Bertrand from Naples. The other 140 on board were killed by the fire or toxic fumes.

On 28 May 1998 the ship's hull sank while impounded in a dock in Leghorn Harbour; it was later refloated and sent to be scrapped in Turkey.
1968 European Cup Winners' Cup final
The 1968 European Cup Winners' Cup Final was the final football match of the 1967–68 European Cup Winners' Cup and the eighth European Cup Winners' Cup final. It was contested between Milan of Italy and Hamburg of West Germany, and was held at Feijenoord Stadion in Rotterdam, Netherlands. Milan won the match 2–0 thanks to two goals by Kurt Hamrin.

1967–68 European Cup Winners' Cup
The 1967–68 season of the European Cup Winners' Cup club football tournament was won by A.C. Milan following their final victory against Hamburger SV, the fourth West German finalist in four years. Milan beat defending champions Bayern Munich en route to the final.
Radium dial
Radium dials are watch, clock and other instrument dials painted with luminous paint containing radium-226 to produce radioluminescence. Radium dials were produced throughout most of the 20th century before being replaced by safer tritium-based luminous material in the 1970s and finally by non-toxic, non-radioactive strontium aluminate–based photoluminescent material from the middle 1990s. The gruesome and often fatal radium jaw injuries suffered by early dial painters in the United States became a cause célèbre for occupational safety and labor law in the opening decades of the 20th century.

Strontium aluminate
Strontium aluminate is an aluminate compound with the chemical formula SrAl2O4 (sometimes written as SrO·Al2O3). It is a pale yellow, monoclinic crystalline powder that is odourless and non-flammable. When activated with a suitable dopant (e.g. europium, written as Eu:SrAl2O4), it acts as a photoluminescent phosphor with long persistence of phosphorescence.

Strontium aluminates exist in a variety of other compositions including SrAl4O7 (monoclinic), Sr3Al2O6 (cubic), SrAl12O19 (hexagonal), and Sr4Al14O25 (orthorhombic). The different compositions cause different colours of light to be emitted.
Bhumjaithai Party
Bhumjaithai Party (BJT; Thai: พรรคภูมิใจไทย; RTGS: Phak Phumchaithai, lit. 'Thai Proud Party') is a major conservative populist political party in Thailand. It was founded on 5 November 2008, in anticipation of the 2 December 2008 Constitutional Court ruling that dissolved its de facto predecessor, the Neutral Democratic Party (PMT), along with the People's Power Party (PPP) and the Thai Nation Party. After those dissolutions, former members of the PMT and the Friends of Newin Group (KPW) faction of the PPP switched to this party. It currently heads a minority government.

Bhumjaithai has a populist platform, with some policies drawn from Thaksin Shinawatra's populist Thai Rak Thai party and its second incarnation, the PPP. The party has a strong base in Buriram Province.

Thai Nation Party
Thai Nation Party, or Chart Thai Party (Thai: พรรคชาติไทย, RTGS: Phak Chat Thai) was a conservative political party in Thailand. It was dissolved by the Constitutional Court of Thailand on December 2, 2008, along with the People's Power Party and the Neutral Democratic Party, for having violated electoral laws in the 2007 Thai general election. Thereafter, most MPs founded the Chartthaipattana Party (Thai Nation Development Party), which became the Thai Nation Party's successor.
Gabriel Bozan
Gabriel Bozan (born 15 January 1993) is a Romanian professional kickboxer. He currently competes in the Welterweight division in the Colosseum Tournament. Bozan is a former ISKA World Middleweight Champion. A professional competitor since 2011, he formerly competed for Superkombat Fighting Championship, Vendetta and Golden Fighter Championship. Bozan is also a former national junior Karate champion and junior European champion. He holds the black belt.

Welterweight
Welterweight is a weight class in combat sports. Originally the term welterweight was used only in boxing, but other combat sports like muay Thai, taekwondo, and mixed martial arts also use it for their own weight division system to classify the opponents. If used, welterweight is typically between lightweight and middleweight.
Second Special Stakes
The Second Special Stakes was a Thoroughbred horse race run between 1886 and 1907 at Gravesend Race Track in Gravesend, on Coney Island, New York. The race was run on dirt at a distance of one and one half miles in its last nine runnings and was open to horses of either sex age three and older since inception.

Eclipse Award
The Eclipse Award is an American Thoroughbred horse racing award named after the 18th-century British racehorse and sire, Eclipse.

An Eclipse Award Trophy is presented to the winner in each division. The trophy is made by a few small selected American foundries with expertise in studio bronze casting. It is then mounted on the hand-crafted native Kentucky walnut base to comprise the Eclipse Award on which a brass plate recites the award winner.

The equivalent award in Australia is the Australian Thoroughbred racing awards, in Canada the Sovereign Awards, and in Europe, the Cartier Racing Awards.
Christian Kluttig
Christian Kluttig (born 17 August 1943) is a German conductor, pianist and Hochschullehrer. From 1979 to 1990, he was chief conductor of the  Orchester des Opernhauses Halle. Appointed General Music Director in 1983, he worked as such at the theatres in Halle (Saale) and Theater Koblenz. The Handel interpreter rendered special services to the implementation of Historically informed performance in the Saale city, which made him one of the most important protagonists in this field in the GDR. He also devoted himself to Neue Musik, premiering Reiner Bredemeyer's opera Candide.

MDR Leipzig Radio Symphony Orchestra
The MDR-Sinfonieorchester (MDR Leipzig Radio Symphony Orchestra) is a German radio orchestra based in Leipzig.  It is the radio orchestra of Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk, the public broadcaster for the German states of Thuringia, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt. It is one of the oldest Radio orchestras in the world and the oldest in Germany. It was founded in Leipzig, Germany in 1923 (9 months earlier than the Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra), with 115 musicians. Apart from a short interruption during World War II, it has been the main orchestra of the Central German Broadcasting Company (MDR) since 1924. The orchestra performs concerts in Leipzig at the Gewandhaus.
Levi Rigters
Levi Rigters (born July 12, 1995) is a Dutch kickboxer currently signed with Glory, where he competes in the heavyweight division. He is a former Enfusion Heavyweight Champion and 2020 Glory 76 Heavyweight Tournament winner.

He is ranked as the tenth best heavyweight by Combat Press as of September 2022, and seventh best by Beyond Kickboxing as of October 2022.

2025 in Glory
The year 2025 is the 14th year in the history of Glory, an international kickboxing promotion.

The numbered Glory events are broadcast on various services such as DAZN, Viaplay, Go3 and Pro Arena. Glory Underground events are streamed for free on youtube.
Peremyshlsky Uyezd
Peremyshlsky Uyezd (Перемы́шльский уе́зд) was one of the subdivisions of the Kaluga Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the eastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Peremyshl.

Peremyshl, Russia
Peremyshl (Russian: Перемы́шль) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Peremyshlsky District of Kaluga Oblast, Russia. It has a population of 3,603 (2021 census); 3,279 (2010 census); 3,235 (2002 census); 3,168 (1989 Soviet census)..
Bridgeport Harbor
Bridgeport Harbor is an inlet on the north side of Long Island Sound in Bridgeport, Connecticut. It was carved by the retreat of the glaciers during the last ice age approximately 13,000 years ago.

Bridgeport Harbor is a federal shipping port and a terminus of the Bridgeport & Port Jefferson Steamboat Company, one of the oldest ferry companies in the nation.  It is due east of the smaller Black Rock Harbor which is also in the city of Bridgeport.

A section of the harbor is planned to be reconstructed as an offshore wind port, serving the Vineyard Wind and Park City Wind projects.

Long Island Sound
Long Island Sound is a marine sound and tidal estuary of the Atlantic Ocean. It lies predominantly between the U.S. state of Connecticut to the north and Long Island in New York state to the south. From west to east, the sound stretches 110 mi (180 km) from the East River and the Throgs Neck Bridge in New York City, along the North Shore of Long Island, to Block Island Sound. The sound forms part of the Intracoastal Waterway.

A mix of freshwater from tributaries, and saltwater from the Atlantic Ocean, Long Island Sound is 21 miles (34 km) at its widest point and varies in depth from 65 to 230 feet (20 to 70 m).
1969 Anguillian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Anguilla on 6 February 1969. Following the 1967 uprising on the island, which had seen the local police force expelled, a referendum on separation was held. On 8 January 1969 Ronald Webster declared independence. A republican constitution was put forward and approved by 99.71% of voters. After the referendum, British troops occupied the island on 19 March.

Webster later proposed a referendum with three options; independence, association with the UK or remaining in the Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla federation. Option two was later introduced without a vote, and Anguilla was administered separately from 1971, before being officially separated from Saint Kitts and Nevis in 1980.

Operation Sheepskin
Operation Sheepskin was a British military operation in the Caribbean, aimed at restoring British rule to the island of Anguilla, after the island had declared itself as an independent Republic. The British government dispatched two Royal Navy ships and 300 soldiers of the 2nd Battalion, Parachute Regiment and 9 Independent Parachute Squadron RE alongside 22 officers of the London Metropolitan Police to restore order to the island. The operation was a success and British troops were met with limited resistance by the islanders, as they had wanted direct association with Great Britain, separate from Saint Kitts and Nevis, of which they were then a part.
Transport in Pune
Pune is a city in the state of Maharashtra in India. It is situated in western Maharashtra on the Deccan Plateau. Pune's public transport consists primarily of a bus service, a suburban rail service, metro, public taxis and auto rickshaws. In 2020 it was awarded the Sustainable Transport Award.

Central Railway zone
The Central Railway (abbreviated CR) is one of the 17 zones of Indian Railways. Its headquarters are located at Mumbai. It has the distinction of operating the first passenger railway line in India, which opened from Mumbai to Thane on 16 April 1853 (1853-04-16).
Black-headed gull
The black-headed gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) is a small gull that breeds in much of the Palearctic in Europe and Asia, and also locally in smaller numbers in coastal eastern Canada. Most of the population is migratory and winters further south, but many also remain in the milder areas of northwestern Europe. It was formerly sometimes cited as "common black-headed gull" to distinguish it from "great black-headed gull" (an old name for Pallas's gull).

The genus name Chroicocephalus is from the Ancient Greek words khroizo, "to colour", and kephale, "head". The specific name ridibundus is Latin for "laughing".

Pallas's gull
Pallas's gull (Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus), also known as the great black-headed gull, is a large bird species. As is the case with many gulls, it has traditionally been placed in the genus Larus. The scientific name is from Ancient Greek. Ichthyaetus is from ikhthus, "fish", and aetos, "eagle".