hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steve Furber
Stephen Byram Furber (born 21 March 1953) is an English computer scientist, mathematician and hardware engineer, and Emeritus ICL Professor of Computer Engineering in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Manchester, UK. After completing his education at the University of Cambridge (BA, MMath, PhD), he spent the 1980s at Acorn Computers, where he was a principal designer of the BBC Micro and the ARM 32-bit RISC microprocessor. As of 2023, over 250 billion ARM chips have been manufactured, powering much of the world's mobile computing and embedded systems, everything from sensors to smartphones to servers.

In 1990, he moved to Manchester to lead research into asynchronous circuits, low-power electronics and neural engineering, where the Spiking Neural Network Architecture (SpiNNaker) project is delivering a computer incorporating a million ARM processors optimised for computational neuroscience.

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for funding grants to undertake research and postgraduate degrees in engineering and the physical sciences, mainly to universities in the United Kingdom. EPSRC research areas include mathematics, physics, chemistry, artificial intelligence and computer science, but exclude particle physics, nuclear physics, space science and astronomy (which fall under the remit of the Science and Technology Facilities Council).
1983 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1983 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 83rd staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.

Ballyduff Upper were the defending champions.

On 9 October 1983, Mount Sion won the championship after a 5–11 to 2–06 defeat of Ballyduff Upper in the final. This was their 26th championship title overall and their first title since 1981.

1897 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1897 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board.

Ballytruckle won the championship.
Shadow (2013 film)
Shadow is a 2013 Indian Telugu language action thriller film directed by Meher Ramesh and produced by Paruchuri Kireeti on United Movies banner. The film stars Venkatesh, Srikanth, Taapsee, and Nyra Banerjee. The music was composed by S. Thaman  with cinematography by Prasad Murella and editing by Marthand K. Venkatesh.

The film released on 26 April 2013. It was later dubbed into Tamil under the same title and in Hindi as Meri Jung: One Man Army by Sumeet Arts in 2013.

Suresh Productions
Suresh Productions (also known as Suresh Movies, Vijaya Suresh Combines) is an Indian film production and distribution company known for its works in Telugu cinema. It is established in 1964 by D. Ramanaidu. It is one of India's largest film production companies with over 50 years of experience. The production house is located in Ramanaidu Studios, Hyderabad.

Suresh Productions has produced more than 150 films in 13 Indian languages, majority of them in the Telugu language. The first film produced by the company was Ramudu Bheemudu with N. T. Rama Rao in 1964. Suresh Productions launched the careers of directors such as B. Gopal, Jayanth C. Paranjee, Muppalaneni Shiva, Tirupathi Swamy, and Uday Shankar and four music directors.
Metapodial
Metapodials are long bones of the hand (metacarpals) and feet (metatarsals) which connect the digits to the lower leg bones.  In humans, five are present in each hand and foot. In quadrupeds, these form the lower limb, rather than being part of the extremity, thus what looks to be the elbow of a sheep is actually the wrist.

Metacarpal bones
In human anatomy, the metacarpal  bones or metacarpus, also known as the "palm bones", are the appendicular bones that form the intermediate part of the hand between the phalanges (fingers) and the carpal bones (wrist bones), which articulate with the forearm. The metacarpal bones are homologous to the metatarsal bones in the foot.
Avaldsnes
Avaldsnes is a village in Karmøy municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  The village is located on the northeastern part of the island of Karmøy, along the Karmsundet strait, just south of the town of Haugesund.  The village was an ancient centre of power on the west coast of Norway and is the site of one of Norway's more important areas of cultural history. The trading port of Notow and the Avaldsnes Church are two notable historic sites in Avaldsnes.

The village was the administrative centre of the old municipality of Avaldsnes which existed from 1838 until 1965. The 3.13-square-kilometre (770-acre) village has a population (2019) of 2,890 and a population density of 923 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,390/sq mi).

Avaldsnes has been described as "Norway's oldest capital" because it was the primary residency of Harald Fairhair who unified Norway into one kingdom.

Karmøy (island)
Karmøy is an island in the northwestern part of Rogaland county, Norway. The island covers an area of 176.8 square kilometers (68.3 sq mi), is approximately 30 kilometers (18.6 mi) long, and up to 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) wide. It constitutes the main part of Karmøy Municipality, together with several smaller surrounding islands and a portion of the mainland south of Haugesund. Karmøy is the largest island in Rogaland, the most populous island in South Norway and the second most populous island in Norway.

The island is separated from the mainland by the Karmsund strait, with the Boknafjord located to the south and southeast, while the Sirafjord to the west separates Karmøy from Utsira and Feøy.
China Merchants Shekou Industrial Zone Holdings
China Merchants Shekou Industrial Zone Holdings Co., Ltd (SZSE: 001979; CMSK; Chinese: 招商局蛇口工业区控股股份有限公司 or 招商蛇口) is a Chinese public company based in Shenzhen. The company itself is a subsidiary of China Merchants Group. It was founded in 1978.

The company privatized China Merchants Property, a blue chip of Shenzhen Stock Exchange, in turn floated itself to the same exchange. Shekou Industrial Zone Holdings also owned Shenzhen Nanyou Holdings.

China Merchants Property
China Merchants Property Development Co., Ltd. was established in Shenzhen, China in 1984 and it is the real estate flagship of China Merchants. It offers residential properties in Chinese cities, including Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Zhangzhou, Foshan, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Suzhou, Nanjing, Beijing, Tianjin and Chongqing.

In 2015 it was privatized. However, its direct parent company became a listed company instead.
Foil (fluid mechanics)
A foil is a solid object with a shape such that when placed in a moving fluid at a suitable angle of attack the lift (force generated perpendicular to the fluid flow) is substantially larger than the drag (force generated parallel to the fluid flow).  If the fluid is a gas, the foil is called an airfoil or aerofoil, and if the fluid is water the foil is called a hydrofoil.

Fluid
In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force. They have zero shear modulus, or, in simpler terms, are substances which cannot resist any shear force applied to them.
1932 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 21
The 1932 Tour de France was the 26th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Paris with a flat stage on 6 July, and Stage 12 occurred on 22 July with a mountainous stage from Gap. The race finished in Paris on 31 July.

1932 Tour de France
The 1932 Tour de France was the 26th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 6 to 31 July. It consisted of 21 stages over 4,479 km (2,783 mi).

André Leducq, who also won six stages, won the race, thanks to the bonification system; had the bonification system not existed, the margin between Leducq and Kurt Stöpel would only have been three seconds.
Candamo
Candamo (Asturian: Candamu) is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It is bordered on the east by Las Regueras, on the south by Grado, on the north by Illas, Castrillón and Soto del Barco, and on the west by Pravia and Salas.

Soto del Barco
Soto del Barco (Asturian: Sotu'l Barcu) is a small, coastal municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It is located on the banks of the mouth of the Nalón and along the Cantabrian coast. As of 2023, the municipality is home to 3,818 people who reside in five parishes: Soto del Barco, L'Arena, Ranón, Riberas, and La Corrada.

After the Roman occupation of Iberia, a fort, which had been constructed in the area in order to defend the mouth of the Nalón, was either restored or reconstructed by Alfonso III; this fort is still standing and is known as the Castillo de San Martín. Until 1836, Soto del Barco fell under the municipality of Pravia; it became independent on 29 December. Its population reached its peak at over 6,000 in the 1960s; due to the weakening of the local fishing and canning industries, the population has fallen markedly since that decade. The service and tourism industries are now the largest in the municipality.
2003 Generali Ladies Linz
The 2003 Generali Ladies Linz is the 2003 Tier II WTA Tour tournament of the annually-held Generali Ladies Linz tennis tournament. It was the 17th edition of the tournament and was held from 20 October until 26 October 2003 at the TipsArena Linz. Second-seeded Ai Sugiyama won the singles title.

2003 WTA Tour
The 2003 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2003 tennis season. The 2003 WTA Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III, Tier IV and Tier V events. ITF tournaments were not part of the 2003 WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
Philip Corbin
Philip Corbin (born 1957) is a Barbadian FIDE Master chess player.

Corbin is a seven-time champion of Barbados and has represented Barbados in eleven Chess Olympiads from 1986 through 2008, playing first board in 1986, 1990, 1998, and 2000.

He is known for using the Elephant Gambit when playing with the black pieces, most notably in his 2006 simultaneous exhibition win over English GM Nigel Short.
He also plays the Budapest Gambit and the Scandinavian Defense as black.
 In a television interview Corbin said that he attempts to play chess in an innovative and entertaining style and referred to his playing style as "Calypso Chess."

Nigel Short
Nigel David Short MBE (born 1 June 1965) is an English chess grandmaster, columnist, coach and commentator who has been the FIDE Director for Chess Development since September 2022. Short earned the title of grandmaster at the age of 19 and was ranked third in the world by FIDE from July 1988 to July 1989. In 1993, he became the first English player to play a World Chess Championship match, when he qualified to play Garry Kasparov in the PCA world championship in London, where Kasparov won 12½ to 7½.

He was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 1999 Birthday Honours for services to chess.
Pesme bratstva, detinjstva & potomstva: Antologija ex YU rok poezije 1967 - 2007
Pesme bratstva, detinjstva & potomstva: Antologija ex YU rok poezije 1967–2007 (trans. Songs of Brotherhood, Childhood & Offspring: Anthology of Ex YU Rock Poetry 1967–2007) is a book by Serbian author, journalist and music critic Petar Janjatović. Published in 2008, the book is the second, expanded edition of Janjatović's 1993 book Pesme bratstva & detinjstva: Antologija rok poezije SFR Jugoslavije 1967–1991 (Songs of Brotherhood & Childhood: Anthology of Rock Poetry in SFR Yugoslavia 1967–1991). The book features lyrics by acts from the former Yugoslav rock scene and the scenes of the successor states.

Popular music in Yugoslavia
Popular music in Yugoslavia includes the pop and rock music of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, including all their genres and subgenres. The scene included the constituent republics: SR Slovenia, SR Croatia, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SR Montenegro, SR Macedonia and SR Serbia and its subunits: SAP Vojvodina and SAP Kosovo. The pop and rock scene was a part of the general Music of Yugoslavia, which also included folk, classical music, jazz etc. Within Yugoslavia and internationally, the phrases ex-YU or ex-Yugoslav Pop and Rock both formally and informally generally to the SFRY period, though, in some cases, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is included, along with Serbia and Montenegro, which existed until 2006 (such as the book title Ex YU rock enciklopedija 1960 - 2006).
Tonelada
The tonelada (Spanish and Portuguese for "a tunful") was a conventional Spanish and Portuguese unit of mass, volume, and capacity roughly equivalent to the English "ton" in its various senses. In English following Spain and Portugal's adoption of the metric system, the toneladas are most often used to specify the capacity of Spanish and Portuguese ships during the Age of Exploration with greater care than simply using the misleadingly vague calque "ton". However, as with the ton, the specific size of the units varied with time and location.

Unit of volume
A unit of volume is a unit of measurement for measuring volume or capacity, the extent of an object or space in three dimensions. Units of capacity may be used to specify the volume of fluids or bulk goods, for example water, rice, sugar, grain or flour.
Bessie Starkman
Bessie Starkman (born Besha Starkman; June 21, 1890 – August 13, 1930) was an organized crime figure in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, in the early 20th century. She and her common-law husband, Italian-born Rocco Perri, established a business in bootlegging after the sale and distribution of alcohol was prohibited in both Canada and the United States. Starkman dealt mainly with the finances of the business.

Gooderham and Worts
Gooderham and Worts, also known as Gooderham & Worts Limited, was a Canadian distiller of alcoholic beverages. It was once one of the largest distillers in Canada. The company was merged in 1926 with Hiram Walker & Sons Ltd., and the merged firm was eventually sold to Allied Lyons in 1987.

The company's distillery facility was named one of the National Historic Sites of Canada in 1988. The company's on site operations ceased in the 1990s and the facility on the Toronto waterfront was closed. The buildings, dating to the 1860s, were preserved and repurposed as an arts and entertainment district called the Distillery District.
Zébala
Zébala is a small town and rural commune in the Cercle of Koutiala in the Sikasso Region of southern Mali. The commune covers an area of 312 square kilometers and includes 8 settlements. In the 2009 census it had a population of 17,278. The town of Zébala, the administrative centre (chef-lieu) of the commune, is 35 km east-southeast of Koutiala.

Koutiala
Koutiala (Bambara: ߞߎߕߌߊߟߊ tr. Kutiala) is a city in Mali in the administrative region of Sikasso, and is located 140 km north of the city of Sikasso.  Koutiala serves as the capital of its administrative Cercle, home to 575,253 people in 2009.  As of the 2009 Census, Koutiala has 137,919 residents.
El Diente Peak
El Diente Peak is a high summit in the San Juan Mountains range of the Rocky Mountains of North America.  The 14,165-foot (4,317 m) peak is located in the Lizard Head Wilderness of San Juan National Forest, 10.5 miles (16.9 km) north by east (bearing 8°) of the Town of Rico in Dolores County, Colorado, United States.  "El Diente" is Spanish for "The Tooth", a reference to the shape of the peak.

Yosemite Decimal System
The Yosemite Decimal System (YDS) is a five-part grading system used for rating the difficulty of rock climbing routes in the United States and Canada. It was first devised by members of the Sierra Club in Southern California in the 1950s as a refinement of earlier systems from the 1930s, and quickly spread throughout North America.
Westminster Cathedral Choir School
Westminster Cathedral Choir School is a boarding and day preparatory school for about 270 boys in the area of Victoria in the City of Westminster. It is one of two Roman Catholic cathedral schools in the United Kingdom, the other being St John's in Cardiff, Wales.

St John's College, Cardiff
St John's College is a private co-educational day school in the village of Old St Mellons in Cardiff, Wales. It is the choir school of Wales' national Catholic cathedral, Cardiff Metropolitan Cathedral.
Acido-Lenti-1 RNA motif
The Acido-Lenti-1 RNA motif describes a predicted non-coding RNA that is found in bacteria within the phyla acidobacteriota and lentisphaerota.  It is sometimes found nearby to group II introns, but the reason for this apparent association is unknown.

Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, scaRNAs and the long ncRNAs such as Xist and HOTAIR.

The number of non-coding RNAs within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest that there are thousands of non-coding transcripts. 
Many of the newly identified ncRNAs have unknown functions, if any. 
There is no consensus on how much of non-coding transcription is functional: some believe most ncRNAs to be non-functional "junk RNA", spurious transcriptions, while others expect that many non-coding transcripts have functions to be discovered.
Najmuddin Akmal
Muhammad Najmuddin Akmal bin Kamal Akmal (born 11 January 2003) simply known as Najmuddin Akmal, is a Malaysian professional footballer who currently plays as a defender for Malaysia A1 Semi-Pro League club Johor Darul Ta'zim II and the Malaysia national team. Mainly a defender, he is also capable of playing occasionally as a right-midfielder and right-winger.

2024–25 MFL Cup
The 2024–25 MFL Cup, a reserve football tournament in Malaysia, is organized by the Malaysian Football League (MFL). The tournament was established following the restructuring of the Malaysia Premier League. A total of 13 teams have been confirmed to participate in the competition. This is the last edition of the MFL Cup competition before it is abolished.
Tsoilaunung Island
Tsoilaunung Island is an island of Papua New Guinea, located to the east of New Hanover Island, to the north of New Ireland. The island is also known as Tsoi. Senta Pass separates it from Patio Island to its south.

New Hanover Island
New Hanover Island, (German: Neuhannover), also called Lavongai or Lovongai, is a large volcanic island in the New Ireland Province of Papua New Guinea (PNG). This region is part of the Bismarck Archipelago and lies at 2°30′S 150°15′E﻿ / ﻿2.5°S 150.25°E﻿ / -2.5; 150.25. Measuring some 460 square miles (1,200 km2), it had a population of 5,000 in 1960, which increased to approximately 17,160 by 2000. It is part of the Lovongai Rural LLG local government area.
Sulechowo
Sulechowo [sulɛˈxɔvɔ] (German: Soltikow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Malechowo, within Sławno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south of Malechowo, 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Sławno, and 160 km (99 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Malechowo, Sławno County
Malechowo [malɛˈxɔvɔ] (German: Malchow) is a village in Sławno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Malechowo. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Sławno and 161 km (100 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 589.
Biosynthesis of cocaine
The biosynthesis of cocaine is the natural metabolic process by which the coca plant (Erythroxylum species) produces cocaine, a tropane alkaloid, through a multi-step enzymatically catalyzed pathway beginning with ornithine or arginine and culminating in the formation of the cocaine metabolite benzoylecgonine.

The biosynthesis of cocaine has long attracted the attention of biochemists and organic chemists.  This interest is partly motivated by the strong physiological effects of cocaine, but a further incentive was the unusual bicyclic structure of the molecule.  The biosynthesis can be viewed as occurring in two phases, one phase leading to the N-methylpyrrolinium ring, which is preserved in the final product.  The second phase incorporates a C4 unit with formation of the bicyclic tropane core.

Robert Robinson (chemist)
Sir Robert Robinson OM FRS FRSE (13 September 1886 – 8 February 1975) was a British organic chemist and Nobel laureate recognised in 1947 for his research on plant dyestuffs (anthocyanins) and alkaloids. In 1947, he also received the Medal of Freedom with Silver Palm.
Tanzania Ports Authority
Tanzania Ports Authority (TPA) is a parastatal public corporation acting under the aegis of the Ministry of Infrastructure Development, that has the responsibility "to manage and operate" the ocean ports and lake ports of the country of Tanzania. The Tanzania Ports Authority headquarters are located in Mchafukoge ward of Ilala District in Dar es Salaam Region.  It is a member of the Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa.

Ilala District, Dar es Salaam
Ilala District, officially the Ilala Municipal Council (Halimashauri ya Manispaaa ya Ilala, in Swahili) is one of five districts of the Dar es Salaam Region of Tanzania. The district is bordered to the north and northeast by Kinondoni District and Ubungo District, to the east by the Zanzibar Channel, the west by Pwani Region, and to the south by the Temeke District. It covers an area of 364.9 km2 (140.9 sq mi).  The district is comparable in size to the land area of U.S Virgin Islands.  The administrative seat is Mchafukoge. The 2022 National Tanzania Census states the population for Ilala as 1,649,912.
Sales process engineering
Sales process engineering is the systematic design of sales processes done in order to make sales more effective and efficient.

It can be applied in functions including sales, marketing, and customer service.

Total quality management
Total quality management (TQM) is an organization-wide effort to "install and make a permanent climate where employees continuously improve their ability to provide on-demand products and services that customers will find of particular value."

Total quality management (TQM) emphasizes that all departments, not just production (such as sales, marketing, accounting, finance, engineering, and design), are responsible for improving their operations. Management, in this context, highlights the obligation of executives to actively oversee quality through adequate funding, training, staffing, and goal setting.

Although there isn't a universally agreed-upon methodology, TQM initiatives typically leverage established tools and techniques from quality control. TQM gained significant prominence in the late 1980s and early 1990s before being largely superseded by other quality management frameworks, such as ISO 9000, Lean manufacturing, and Six Sigma.