hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
EPUB
EPUB is an e-book file format that uses the ".epub" file extension. The term is short for electronic publication and is sometimes stylized as ePUB. EPUB is supported by many e-readers, and compatible software is available for most smartphones, tablets, and computers. EPUB is a technical standard published by the International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF). It became an official standard of the IDPF in September 2007, superseding the older Open eBook (OEB) standard.

The Book Industry Study Group endorses EPUB 3 as the format of choice for packaging content and has stated that the global book publishing industry should rally around a single standard. Technically, a file in the EPUB format is a ZIP archive file consisting of XHTML files carrying the content, along with images and other supporting files. EPUB is the most widely supported vendor-independent XML-based e-book format; it is supported by almost all hardware readers and many software readers and mobile apps.

XHTML
Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) is part of the family of XML markup languages which mirrors or extends versions of the widely used HyperText Markup Language (HTML), the language in which Web pages are formulated.

While HTML, prior to HTML5, was defined as an application of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), a flexible markup language framework, XHTML is an application of XML, a more restrictive subset of SGML. XHTML documents are well-formed and may therefore be parsed using standard XML parsers, unlike HTML, which requires a lenient, HTML-specific parser.

XHTML 1.0 became a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommendation on 26 January 2000. XHTML 1.1 became a W3C recommendation on 31 May 2001. XHTML is now referred to as "the XML syntax for HTML" and being developed as an XML adaptation of the HTML living standard.
Douglas McWilliams
Douglas Francis McWilliams (born 24 November 1951) is a British economic consultant, specializing in forecasting and the technology sector.

After holding senior positions with IBM and the Confederation of British Industry, in 1992 he won a Sunday Times award and founded the Centre for Economics and Business Research. He was later Gresham Professor of Commerce at Gresham College in the City of London.

Roger Bootle
Roger Bootle (born 22 June 1952) is a British economist and a weekly columnist for The Daily Telegraph. He is the chairman of Capital Economics, an independent macroeconomic research consultancy. He and Capital Economics were awarded the Wolfson Economics Prize in 2012.
1908 Richmond state by-election
The 1908 Richmond state by-election was held on 2 October 1908 to elect the member for Richmond in the Victorian Legislative Assembly, following the death of United Liberal Party (ULP) MP George Henry Bennett.

Labor candidate Ted Cotter won the seat with a swing of more than 36%, defeating ULP candidate William Wishart. Cotter was re-elected two months later at the state election on 29 December 1908, and continued to be re-elected (including unopposed between 1917 and 1932) until he lost Labor preselection and retired in 1945.

1908 Victorian state election
The 1908 Victorian state election was held in the Australian state of Victoria on 29 December 1908 to elect 40 of the 65 members of the state's Legislative Assembly. The other 25 seats were uncontested.

The election was in single-member districts, using first-past-the-post voting.
Social determinism
Social determinism is the theory that social interactions alone determine individual behavior (as opposed to biological or objective factors).

A social determinist would only consider social dynamics like customs, cultural expectations, education, and interpersonal interactions as the contributing factors to shape human behavior. Non-social influences, like biology, would be ignored in their contribution towards behavior. Thus, in line with the nature-nurture debate, social determinism is analogous to the 'nurture' side of the argument.

Heredity
Heredity, also called inheritance or biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring; either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents. Through heredity, variations between individuals can accumulate and cause species to evolve by natural selection. The study of heredity in biology is genetics.
Tension band wiring
A tension band wire is a form of orthopaedic internal fixation method used to convert distraction forces into compression forces, promoting bone healing.

Olecranon fracture

Patella fracture

Malleolar fracture

Olecranon fracture
Olecranon fracture is a fracture of the bony portion of the elbow. The injury is fairly common and often occurs following a fall or direct trauma to the elbow. The olecranon is the proximal extremity of the ulna which is articulated with the humerus bone and constitutes a part of the elbow articulation. Its location makes it vulnerable to direct trauma.
Lukavica (Istočno Novo Sarajevo)
Lukavica (Serbian Cyrillic: Лукавица) is an urban neighborhood of the city of Istočno Sarajevo, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The administrative, business, cultural and sports center of the Istočno Sarajevo. It is located in municipality of Istočno Novo Sarajevo and administratively distinguished between Lukavica-Center and Lukavica. It is urban area of the Istočno Sarajevo and suburban part of the Sarajevo.

State Investigation and Protection Agency
The State Investigation and Protection Agency (SIPA; Serbo-Croatian: Državna agencija za istrage i zaštitu / Државна агенција за истраге и заштиту) is the national police intelligence and protective security agency of the Bosnia and Herzegovina responsible for clandestine and covert operations, countering hybrid threats, counterintelligence, counter-revolutionary, counterterrorism, executive protection (especially the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina and visiting foreign leaders), intelligence gathering and assessment on threats to national security that are under the responsibility of the police authority, investigation and interrogation serious crimes, protects police operations classified information, and public security.

SIPA is under the direct administration of the Ministry of Security of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Sofie Kibsgaard Nielsen
Sofie Kibsgaard Nielsen (born 5 May 1999) is a Danish professional golfer and  Ladies European Tour. In 2023, she won three times on the LET Access Series and secured the Order of Merit title. As an amateur, she won the European Nations Cup – Copa Sotogrande and played in the final of the 2022 NCAA Division I Women's Golf Championships.

2022 Espirito Santo Trophy
The 2022 Espirito Santo Trophy took place 24–27 August at Le Golf National and Golf de Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche south-west of Paris, France.

It was the 29th women's golf World Amateur Team Championship for the Espirito Santo Trophy.
HMS Colchester (1746)
HMS Colchester was a 50-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Southampton according to the dimensions laid down in the 1741 proposals of the 1719 Establishment, and launched on 20 September 1745. She was ordered as a replacement for the previous HMS Colchester, which had been wrecked just two months after being launched.

Colchester served until 1762, when she was found to be unfit for service. She was eventually broken up in 1773.

HMS Colchester (1744)
HMS Colchester was a 50-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at King's Yard in Harwich by John Barnard according to the dimensions specified in the 1741 proposals of the 1719 Establishment, and launched on 14 August 1744.
José Rodríguez (infielder, born 1894)
José Rodríguez (February 23, 1894 – January 21, 1953), nicknamed "Joseíto" or "El Hombre Goma" in Spanish and "Joe" in English, was a Cuban infielder who played in Major League Baseball from 1916 to 1918 and in the Cuban League from 1914 to 1939. In the majors, he played for the New York Giants and was primarily a second baseman, while in the Cuban League and the U.S. minor leagues he mostly played first base. A defensive specialist, according to Roberto González Echevarría, Rodríguez "was considered the best defensive first baseman in Cuba" of his time. He was also a long-time manager in the Cuban League and managed for one season in the minors. He was inducted into the Cuban Baseball Hall of Fame in 1951.

Habana (Cuban League)
The Habana B.B.C. also known as the Habana Reds or, later, the Leones del Habana  was one of the oldest and most distinguished baseball teams in the old Cuban League, which existed from 1878 to 1961.  Habana, representing the city of Havana, was the only team to play in the league every season of its existence and was one of its most successful franchises.  In their early history they were known by their colors as the Reds; later they adopted the names of Leones or Lions.  Throughout their existence they had a famous rivalry with Almendares.

Habana won 30 Cuban League championships (more than any other club) and one Caribbean Series (in 1952).
Murder of Jackie Vandagriff
The murder of Jackie Vandagriff occurred on the night of September 13, 2016, in Grapevine, Texas. Jackie Vandagriff, a 24-year-old student from Texas Woman's University, was brutally killed by Charles Dean Bryant, a 30-year-old fitness trainer. This case drew widespread attention due to the shocking nature of the crime and the subsequent trial.

Grapevine, Texas
Grapevine is a city located in northeast Tarrant County, Texas, United States, with minor portions extending into Dallas and Denton counties. Its population was 50,631 in the 2020 census, up from 46,334 in the 2010 census. The city is located in the Mid-Cities suburban region between Dallas and Fort Worth and includes a larger portion of Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport than other cities.

The city is adjacent to Grapevine Lake, a large reservoir impounded by the Army Corps of Engineers in 1952 that serves as a source of water and a recreational area.
Kladovo
Kladovo (Serbian Cyrillic: Кладово, pronounced [klâdɔʋɔ]; Romanian: Cladova or Claudia) is a town and municipality located in the Bor District of eastern Serbia. It is situated on the right bank of the Danube river.

Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station
The Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station (Romanian: Porțile de Fier I, Serbian: Ђердап I/Đerdap I) is the largest dam on the Danube river and one of the largest hydro power plants in Europe. It is located on the Iron Gate gorge, between Romania and Serbia.

The Romanian side of the power station produces approximately 5.24 TWh annually, while the Serbian side of the power station produces 5.65 TWh.
Princes Gardens, Aldershot
The Princes Gardens is an urban park in the town of Aldershot in Hampshire. A short walk from the town centre on a site bordered by the town's High Street, Wellington Avenue and Princes Way (formerly Barrack Road) and opposite the Princes Hall theatre, it has been a public park since 1930. Today the park is managed by Rushmoor Borough Council.

Princes Hall
The Princes Hall in Aldershot, England is a 600-seat theatre / receiving house which presents a varied programme of music, ballet, comedy, pantomime.

An additional three function rooms named the Princes Suite, the Edinburgh Suite and the Tichborne Suite (after the prominent Aldershot family) are available for hire for conference, parties and weddings. The Theatre is owned and managed by Rushmoor Borough Council.

The Princes Hall also hosted a vaccination centre during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The Princes Hall was awarded the Devereux Cup in 2008 for its contribution to the arts.

The Princes Hall website www.princeshall.com won Best Recreation or Tourism Website at the 2008 Hantsweb Awards
Conference for Friendship of Overseas Chinese Associations
The Conference for Friendship of Overseas Chinese Associations (Chinese: 世界华侨华人社团联谊大会), hosted by the All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese and United Front Work Department’s Overseas Chinese Affairs Office, is a global platform for leaders of major overseas Chinese community organizations.

United Front Work Department
The United Front Work Department (UFWD) is an organ of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) responsible for conducting "united front work." It manages relations with, gathers intelligence on, and attempts to gain influence over elite individuals and organizations inside and outside mainland China, including in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and in other countries.

The UFWD focuses its work on people or entities that are outside the CCP, especially in the overseas Chinese diaspora, who hold political, commercial, religious, or academic influence, or who represent interest groups. Through its efforts, the UFWD seeks to ensure that these individuals and groups are supportive of or useful to CCP interests and that potential critics remain divided.
Our Lady of Lourdes (Kāpiti Coast)
Our Lady of Lourdes is an outdoor statue of the Virgin Mary, located in Paraparaumu, New Zealand. It was built by Dutch artist Martin Roestenberg in 1958 after being commissioned by Catholic parish priest Father J.S. Dunn to mark the 100th anniversary of the apparition of the Virgin Mary at Lourdes. It is 14 metres tall, and was designed to last only three months.

The statue has a crown of 17 lights that give the appearance of a halo at night, which is visible for kilometres. It is hollow, made of wood, plaster and fibreglass.

There is a parish and a school named after the statue, both called Our Lady of Kapiti.

Archdiocese of Wellington
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wellington is the metropolitan archdiocese of New Zealand. Catholics number about 83,214 (2006 census). Parishes number 22 and the archdiocese extends over central New Zealand between Levin and Masterton in the north to Kaikoura to Westport in the south.

The suffragan sees are:

Auckland

Christchurch

Dunedin

Hamilton, New Zealand

Palmerston North
Lieshout
Lieshout is a village located in the province of North Brabant in the south of the Netherlands, about 15 kilometres northeast of Eindhoven. There are 4,300 inhabitants, and the village is known for its brewing company Swinkels Family Brewers.
The spoken language is Peellands (an East Brabantian dialect, which is very similar to Standard Dutch).

Helmond
Helmond (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦɛlmɔnt] ⓘ; called Hèllemond in the local dialect) is a city and municipality in the Metropoolregio Eindhoven of the province of North Brabant in the Southern Netherlands.

Helmond is home to several textile and metal companies. The Vlisco factory is located next to the Zuid-Willemsvaart canal, which runs through the city.

The spoken language is Helmonds (an East Brabantian dialect).
BMW B37 engine
The BMW B37 is a 1.5-litre (1,496 cc), diesel, straight-three engine with a single, mono-scroll and variable-geometry turbocharger. The compression ratio is 16.5:1. It is the second engine from BMW's modular engine plan, sharing most of its components with the BMW B38 petrol engine. Power output is either 70 or 85 kW (94 or 114 hp).

BMW 2 Series Active Tourer
The BMW 2 Series Active Tourer (F45/U06 model code) is a two-row subcompact executive MPV produced by BMW since August 2014. The closely related BMW 2 Series Gran Tourer (F46 model code) is a longer three-row version which began production in 2015 and discontinued in 2021, now sold exclusively as a hatchback. Marketed as part of the 2 Series range, the F45/F46 are based on the front-wheel-drive UKL2 platform. The design is based on the BMW Concept Active Tourer, and is mechanically related to the Mini Countryman, also built by BMW. Just like the BMW 1 Series hatchback, the BMW 2 Series Active Tourer and Gran Tourer models were never available in the United States.

The F45/F46 a
vehicles sold under the BMW marque, designed to compete directly with the Mercedes-Benz B-Class. Sales commenced in November 2014. An all-wheel-drive xDrive system is offered as an option.
Ministry of Defence (Estonia)
The Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariigi Kaitseministeerium) and its head, the Minister of Defence, are responsible for organizing national defence. It is Estonia's ministry of defence. The mission of the Ministry of Defence is to deter attacks against Estonia and ensure that the country is capable of defending itself against external threats. Estonian national defence is based on initial self-defence capability as well as membership in NATO.

Headquarters of the Estonian Defence Forces
The Headquarters of the Estonian Defence Forces is the working body of the Commander of the Estonian Defence Forces and joint staff of the Estonian Defence Forces. Its main tasks include supporting the activities of the Commander and Deputy Commander of the Defence Forces; planning the activities of the Defence Forces; advising, supervising, coordinating and controlling the activities of the Defence Forces units.
Humberto Aguirre Doolan
Humberto Aguirre Doolan (1 August 1908 – 25 February 1983) was a Chilean agronomist and politician, member of the Radical Party. He served as deputy (1949–1953), senator (1953–1973), and minister of state in the governments of Gabriel González Videla and Alfredo Duhalde Vásquez.

Pedro Aguirre Cerda
Pedro Abelino Aguirre Cerda (Latin American Spanish: [ˈpeðɾo aˈɣire ˈseɾða]; February 6, 1879 – November 25, 1941) was a Chilean political figure, educator, and lawyer who served as the 23rd president of Chile from 1938 until his death in 1941. He was a center left moderate.

A member of the Radical Party since 1906, he was chosen by the left-wing Popular Front coalition as its candidate for the 1938 presidential election and won. He had previously served as deputy for San Felipe, Putaendo and Los Andes from 1915 to 1918, Minister of the Interior from January to September 1918 under president Juan Luis Sanfuentes, deputy for Santiago from 1918 to 1921, Minister of Justice and Public Instruction from 1920 to 1921 under president Arturo Alessandri, and senator for Concepción from 1921 to 1927.

He died two years and eleven months into his presidency on November 25, 1941, at the age of 62, from tuberculosis.
Roberto Gagliardi
Roberto Gagliardi is an Italian furniture importer and art dealer. He has an art gallery in London and through it organised a temporary exhibition, the "London Art Biennale", in Chelsea Old Town Hall in 2013. His art collection is housed in the Museo d'Arte di Chianciano Terme in Chianciano Terme, in Tuscany in central Italy; which since 2009 has organised the Biennale di Chianciano in the town.

Chianciano Terme
Chianciano Terme is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Florence and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Siena. It is located between the Valdichiana and the Val d'Orcia.

Chianciano Terme borders the following municipalities: Chiusi, Montepulciano, Pienza, Sarteano.
Mauritian Militant Socialist Movement
The Mauritian Militant Socialist Movement (French: Mouvement Militant Socialiste Mauricien) was a political party in Mauritius headed by Madan Dulloo. At the legislative elections of 3 July 2005, the party was part of the Alliance Sociale that won 42 out of 70 seats, where the MMSM won 2 seats by Madan Dulloo in constituency no. 6 and Sutyadeo Moutia in constituency no. 11. Dr Parmanund Brizmohun, who stood in constituency no. 17 for the party was not elected.

On March 16, 2008, Dulloo said at a public meeting held by his party that the party was unhappy with Ramgoolam and the government's performance. The Prime Minister, Navinchandra Ramgoolam, responded by revoking Dulloo from his position as Foreign Minister on March 17, 2008. The Mauritian Militant Socialist Movement was dissolved a few days later and Dulloo joined the Mauritian Militant Movement, the party where Dulloo started his political career. However, Sutyadeo Moutia remained with the government.

Mauritian Militant Movement
The Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM; French: Mouvement Militant Mauricien; Morisyen: Mouvman Militan Morisien) is a left-wing socialist political party in Mauritius. The party was founded by a group of students in the late 1960s. The MMM advocates a fairer society, without discrimination on the basis of social class, race, community, caste, religion, gender or sexual orientation.

In the general election of 2024, the MMM became the second largest party in the National Assembly of Mauritius with 19 Members of Parliament.
Roberts Cove, County Cork
Roberts Cove (Irish: Cuainín Riobaird) is a small village in County Cork, Ireland. The village consists of a number of houses, Roberts Cove Holiday Park and two pubs, The Harbour Bar and Roberts Cove Inn.   On summer days, the beach in the village is popular with day-trippers from nearby Cork City. Since 2018 there has been a dive centre based near Roberts Cove called 'Oceans of Discovery'. A majority of the land adjacent to the cove is private property where entry is prohibited.

The village is situated 5 km from Minane Bridge, 12 km from Carrigaline and 25 km from Cork.

Minane Bridge
Minane Bridge (Irish: Droichead an Mhionnáin) is a village in County Cork, Ireland. It is in the townland of Minane, 20 km south of Cork city and 5 km south of Carrigaline. The local church is Sacred Heart Church of Tracton Abbey Parish. Minane Bridge is part of the Dáil constituency of Cork South-Central.
Björnlandet National Park
Björnlandet is a national park in Västerbotten County, northern Sweden. It was established in 1991 and covers an area of 11 km2 (4.2 mi2).

Geographically it lies in southernmost Lappland, about 30 km (19 mi) southwest of the hamlet (locality) of Fredrika, in Åsele Municipality.

The park is notable for its large primeval forest and a geography that is distinguished by steep ravines and precipices. The fauna is comparatively of lower interest, due to the harsh climate and environment.

Västerbotten County
Västerbotten County (Swedish: Västerbottens län), sometimes called Westrobothnia, is a county or län in the north of Sweden. It shares the borders with the counties of Västernorrland, Jämtland, and Norrbotten, as well as the Norwegian county of Nordland and the Gulf of Bothnia. Its capital is Umeå which is also the largest city in Northern Sweden, and the second-largest city is Skellefteå. These two municipalities, both of which are located in the eastern coastal region, make up more than two thirds of Västerbotten's population. The interior of Västerbotten County is sparsely populated, and has vast wilderness areas. The land area of Västerbotten is larger than that of either Denmark, the Netherlands or Switzerland.
Notah Begay III
Notah Ryan Begay III (born September 14, 1972) is an American professional golfer. He is one of the few Native American golfers to have played in the PGA Tour. Since 2013, Begay has served as an analyst with the Golf Channel and NBC Sports.

Lowest rounds of golf
This article lists the lowest recorded rounds in golf. In professional competition, a round of 59 or less is regarded as a significant achievement. In men's major championships the lowest rounds are 62 by Branden Grace at the 2017 Open Championship, by Rickie Fowler and Xander Schauffele at the 2023 U.S. Open, and by Xander Schauffele and Shane Lowry at the 2024 PGA Championship. The lowest officially recorded round is 55 by Rhein Gibson in 2012. In women's major championships the lowest round is 61, held jointly by Leona Maguire, Lee Jeong-eun and Kim Hyo-joo, all at the Evian Championship.