hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kluski, Wieluń County
Kluski [ˈkluski] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pątnów, within Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) south of Pątnów, 18 km (11 mi) south of Wieluń, and 97 km (60 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Pątnów, Łódź Voivodeship
Pątnów [ˈpɔntnuf] is a village in Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Pątnów. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south of Wieluń and 92 km (57 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
P. K. Venukuttan Nair
P. K. Venukuttan Nair (1931 – 26 November 2012) was an Indian theatre personality and Malayalam film actor. He was the vice-president of the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi and member of the Kendra Sangeet Natak Academy. He received the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award in 1995 and the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Fellowship in 1998. He won many awards at state-level competitions for professional theatre, including the P. J. Antony Award in March 2002.

Nair died on 26 November 2012 following a brief illness in Thiruvananthapuram at the age of 81.

Oolkatal
Oolkatal or Ulkadal (transl. Bay) is a 1979 Malayalam-language musical-romantic drama film directed by K. G. George and starring Venu Nagavally and Sobha. The film, considered to be the first campus film in Malayalam cinema, was adapted from the novel of the same name by George Onakkoor. It was shot mainly at Mar Ivanios College, Trivandrum.
Shea Stadium (Peoria, Illinois)
Shea Stadium is a soccer stadium in Peoria, Illinois, less than a mile north of Bradley University and just to the west of the USDA National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research.  Converted from a baseball stadium to soccer in 2003, it is owned and operated by Bradley University as home of the Bradley Braves men's and women's soccer teams.

Bradley Braves men's soccer
The Bradley Braves men's soccer team represents Bradley University, located in Peoria, Illinois, United States, in NCAA Division I soccer competition. They compete in the Missouri Valley Conference. The team last played in the NCAA tournament in 2013, when they advanced to the second round, defeating Northwestern before losing at California. The Braves are currently coached by Tim Regan.
Aintab plateau
Aintab plateau or Gaziantep plateau (Arabic: هضبة عنتاب Levantine pronunciation: [ˈhɑdˤɑbet ʕɪnˈtaːb]) is the westernmost part of Turkey's Southeastern Anatolia Region. It forms the northwestern end of the Arabian plate where it meets the Anatolian sub-plate at the East Anatolian Fault. The plateau lies in the Turkish provinces of Gaziantep, Kilis, and Adıyaman. It is a low, gently undulating plateau. In antiquity, this was the region of Commagene. Gaziantep (Aintab) is located nearly in the south-center of the plateau.

Southeastern Anatolia region
The Southeastern Anatolia region (Turkish: Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey. The most populous city in the region is Gaziantep. Other big cities are Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır, Mardin and Adıyaman.

It is bordered by the Mediterranean region to the west, the Eastern Anatolia region to the north, Syria (Rojava) to the south, and Iraq (Southern Kurdistan) to the southeast.
Archduke Franz Salvator of Austria
Archduke Franz Salvator of Austria (21 August 1866 – 20 April 1939) was the son of Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria and Princess Maria Immacolata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. He married Archduchess Marie Valerie in 1890, though, due to Marie Valerie's death in 1924, remarried in 1934 to Baroness Melanie von Riesenfels.

During World War I, Franz Salvator received a doctorate in medicine for his work with the Red Cross.

Waldburg-Zeil
Waldburg-Zeil was a County and later Principality within Holy Roman Empire, ruled by the House of Waldburg, located in southeastern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located around Schloss Zeil, near Leutkirch im Allgäu.
René Couzinet
René Couzinet (20 July 1904 – 16 December 1956) was a French aeronautics engineer and aircraft manufacturer, inventor with 91 patented registered inventions. The Société des Avions René Couzinet manufactured a range of Couzinet aircraft during the 1920s and 1930s.

ANF Les Mureaux
ANF Les Mureaux (full name: Les Ateliers de Construction du Nord de la France et des Mureaux) was a French aircraft manufacturer founded in Les Mureaux in 1918 as Les Ateliers des Mureaux building aircraft under license. Significant products included Vickers Vimys and Breguet 14s during the 1920s. Under head designer André Brunet, it also produced a few original parasol-winged monoplanes that eventually led to the firm's greatest success, the 113 military reconnaissance aircraft of 1931 and its derivatives.

In 1928, it purchased French seaplane manufacturer Besson and in 1930 amalgamated with Ateliers de Construction du Nord de la France, a railway firm. In 1937, it was nationalized and made part of SNCAN.
2019 BNP Paribas Primrose Bordeaux
The 2019 BNP Paribas Primrose Bordeaux is a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It is the twelfth edition of the tournament and part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour. It takes place in Bordeaux, France between 29 April and 5 May 2019.

2019 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2019 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2019 ATP Challenger Tour calendar had 158 tournaments scheduled, with prize money ranging from $54,160 up to $162,480. It was the 42nd edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 11th under the name of Challenger Tour.
2002 Green Bay Packers season
The 2002 season was the Green Bay Packers' 82nd in the National Football League (NFL) and their 84th overall.

For the first time since 1989, LeRoy Butler was not on the opening day roster. This would be the last time until 2025 the Packers drafted a wide receiver in the first round of the NFL Draft.

This was the first of three consecutive NFC North titles for the Packers. They achieved a 12–4 record in the regular season, before losing in the NFC Wild Card playoffs round to quarterback Brett Favre's former team, the Atlanta Falcons, at Lambeau Field. This marked the first time in franchise history that the Packers had lost at home in the playoffs. They have done so six more times since: in 2004, 2007, 2011, 2013, 2020, and 2021.

After the season, Jeff Blackshear decided he had played his final NFL game.

2004 Green Bay Packers season
The 2004 season was the Green Bay Packers' 84th in the National Football League (NFL) and their 86th overall. The team started the season by losing four of their first five games, before winning their next six in a row, followed by victories over their three divisional opponents in their last five to finish with a 10–6 record and qualify for the playoffs for the fourth year in a row. As the number three seed in the NFC, they hosted their divisional rivals, the Minnesota Vikings in the Wild Card round, but lost 31–17; it was the second time the Packers had lost a playoff game at Lambeau Field.
Statute of Marlborough
The Statute of Marlborough (52 Hen. 3.) is a set of laws passed by the Parliament of England during the reign of Henry III in 1267. The laws comprised 29 chapters, of which four are still in force. Those four chapters constitute the oldest piece of statute law in the United Kingdom still in force as of 2026.

Freehold (law)
A freehold, in common law jurisdictions or Commonwealth countries such as England and Wales, Australia, Canada, Ireland, India and the United States, is the common mode of ownership of real property, or land, and all immovable structures attached to such land.

It is in contrast to a leasehold, in which the property reverts to the owner of the land after the lease period expires or otherwise lawfully terminates. For an estate to be a freehold, it must possess two qualities: immobility (property must be land or some interest issuing out of or annexed to land) and ownership of it must be forever ("of an indeterminate duration"). If the time of ownership can be fixed and determined, it cannot be a freehold. It is "An estate in land held in fee simple, fee tail or for term of life."

The default position subset is the perpetual freehold, which is "an estate given to a grantee for life, and then successively to the grantee's heirs for life."
Yazdi coffee
Yazdi Coffee (Persian: قهوه یزدی), also known as Qahveh-ye Rouze’i (قهوه روضه‌ای) or Qahveh-ye Azadari (قهوه عزاداری) in Yazd, Iran, is a traditional coffee associated with mourning ceremonies, particularly during the Islamic month of Muharram. Historical evidence suggests that this coffee has been prepared and served to mourners in Yazd since at least the Qajar era.

Cardamom
Cardamom (/ˈkɑːrdəməm/), sometimes cardamon or cardamum, is a spice made from the seeds of several plants in the genera Elettaria and Amomum in the family Zingiberaceae. Both genera are native to the Indian subcontinent and Indonesia. They are recognized by their small seed pods: triangular in cross-section and spindle-shaped, with a thin, papery outer shell and small, black seeds; Elettaria pods are light green and smaller, while Amomum pods are dark brown and larger.

Species used for cardamom are native throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. The first references to cardamom are found in Sumer, and in Ayurveda. In the 21st century, it is cultivated mainly in India, Indonesia, and Guatemala.
North Mersey Branch
The North Mersey Branch (NMB) is a railway line that was constructed by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway to connect its mainline (the former Liverpool and Bury Railway)  with the northern Mersey dock system.

Northern line (Merseyrail)
The Northern line is one of two commuter rail routes operated by Merseyrail  and centred on Merseyside, England, the other being the Wirral line. The cross-city route runs from Hunts Cross in south Liverpool then (by way of an underground section through Liverpool's city centre) branches in the north to terminate at Southport, Headbolt Lane (both Merseyside) and Ormskirk (Lancashire).

Passenger interchange to the Wirral line is available at Moorfields and Liverpool Central, and to the separately-owned City line at Hunts Cross and Liverpool South Parkway. Liverpool South Parkway also allows interchange with regional and long-distance services, while connections to services operated by Northern Trains are possible at Headbolt Lane, Ormskirk and Southport.
Wyville
Wyville is a village in the civil parish of Wyville cum Hungerton, in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England, and situated approximately 5 miles (8 km) south-west from Grantham The whole parish covers about 1,670 acres (6.8 km2). The population is included in the civil parish of Little Ponton and Stroxton.

The village is an ecclesiastical parish of the Harlaxton Group of the Grantham Deanery in the Diocese of Lincoln. The incumbent is Rev Keith Hanson.

South Kesteven
South Kesteven is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England, forming part of the traditional Kesteven division of the county. Its council is based in Grantham. The district also includes the towns of Bourne, Market Deeping and Stamford, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

South Kesteven borders North Kesteven to the north, South Holland to the east, the City of Peterborough and North Northamptonshire to the south, Rutland to the south-west, the Melton district of Leicestershire to the west, and the Newark and Sherwood district of Nottinghamshire to the north-west.
2013 FIBA Asia Championship Group C
Group C of the 2013 FIBA Asia Championship took place from 1 to 3 August 2011. This is the preliminary round of the 2013 FIBA Asia Championship, with the three teams with the best record (Iran, Korea, China) advancing to 2013 FIBA Asia Championship Group F. Malaysia, the last placed team, was relegated to the 13th–15th classification round.

All games were played at the Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay, Philippines.

2013 FIBA Asia Championship
The 2013 FIBA Asia Championship for Men was the intercontinental championship for basketball organized by FIBA Asia that served as the qualifying tournament for the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup in Spain. The tournament was held from August 1–11 in Metro Manila, Philippines. Beirut, Lebanon was supposed to host the tournament but the hosting rights was given to the Philippines citing the Syrian Civil War and security concerns in the Middle East in general. This was also the last Asian Championships that served as the qualifying round for the FIBA Basketball World Cup, as a qualifying window was used starting 2019.
Tales of Ephidrina
Tales of Ephidrina is an ambient/techno album by electronica duo Amorphous Androgynous, better known as The Future Sound of London (FSOL). It was released on 5 July 1993 through Quigley Records, a subsidiary label of Virgin. It was created from material the pair had been working on around the same time as their ambient FSOL title Lifeforms, while still containing some of the techno feel of Accelerator.

In 1996, Mixmag ranked the album at number 27 in its list of the "Best Dance Albums of All Time".

Tales of Ephidrina was remastered in 2023 and reissued as a 30th Anniversary Edition on both vinyl and CD for Record Store Day 2023. Both formats included four previously unreleased bonus tracks.

Accelerator (The Future Sound of London album)
Accelerator is the debut studio album by the British electronic music group the Future Sound of London. It was released in April 1992 by the record label Jumpin' & Pumpin'. It includes the hit single "Papua New Guinea".
Forge Pond (Plymouth, Massachusetts)
Forge Pond is a 14-acre (57,000 m2) pond in the Chiltonville section of Plymouth, Massachusetts, within the Eel River watershed. The pond's inflow and outflow is Shingle Brook, a tributary of the Eel River.

Eel River (Massachusetts)
The Eel River is a 3.9-mile (6.3 km) river mostly in the village of Chiltonville in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Its headwaters are springs and small ponds above Russell Millpond. Its watershed encompasses approximately 15 square miles (39 km2). It flows along Plimoth Patuxet and Plymouth Beach for about ½ mile before emptying into Plymouth Harbor between the beach and Manters Point.
2018 Copa Venezuela
The 2018 Copa Venezuela was the 49th edition of the competition. It began with the first stage on 11 July 2018 and concluded with the second leg of the final on 31 October 2018. Primera División side Mineros were the defending champions, but they were disqualified from the competition in the second stage.

Zulia were the champions after beating Aragua 3–1 on aggregate in the final, and qualified to the 2019 Copa Sudamericana.

Copa Venezuela
The Copa Venezuela (English: Venezuela Cup) is the national cup football competition of Venezuela. Organized by the Venezuelan Football Federation, it is contested in the second half of the season by the teams in the Primera División and Segunda División, excluding reserve teams competing in the lower tier.

Over the years, the competition has had several names. Under its current format, the competition was revived by the FVF in 2007. Its format is similar to the one used for the Spanish Copa del Rey. Until 2019, the champion qualified for the Copa Sudamericana.
Parnassius clodius
Parnassius clodius is a species of white butterfly which is found in the United States and Canada. It is a member of the snow Apollo genus (Parnassius) of the swallowtail family (Papilionidae). Its elevation range is 0–7,000 ft (0–2,134 m).

Parnassius
Parnassius is a genus of northern circumpolar and montane (alpine and Himalayan) butterflies usually known as Apollos or snow Apollos. They can vary in colour and form significantly based on their altitude. They also exhibit altitudinal melananism, a high-altitude adaptation. They have dark bodies and darker coloring at the base of their wings, which allows them to absorb solar energy more quickly.

Although classified under the swallowtail butterfly family, none of the Parnassius species possesses tails.

The larvae feed on species of plants belonging to the Papaveraceae and Crassulaceae families, and like the other swallowtail butterfly larvae, possess an osmeterium. Unlike most butterflies that have exposed pupae, they pupate inside a loose silken cocoon.
Isfahan Seminary
The Isfahan Seminary (Persian: حوزه علمیه اصفهان) is one of the oldest seminaries in Isfahan, Iran. Currently, more than 40 schools in Isfahan province are under the supervision of the Management Center of Isfahan Seminary and the leadership of the supreme authority of Grand Ayatollah Hossein Mazaheri.

Mir Damad
Mīr Dāmād (Persian: ميرداماد) (c. 1561 – 1631/1632), known also as Seyyed Mir Mohammad Baqer Esterabadi, or Asterabadi, was an Iranian Twelver Shia philosopher in the Neoplatonizing Islamic Peripatetic traditions of Avicenna. He was a scholar of the traditional Islamic sciences, and foremost figure (together with his student Mulla Sadra) of the cultural renaissance of Iran undertaken under the Safavid dynasty. He was also the central founder of the School of Isfahan, noted by his students and admirers as the Third Teacher (mu'alim al-thalith) after Aristotle and al-Farabi.
Temenuga Island
Temenuga Island (Bulgarian: остров Теменуга, romanized: ostrov Temenuga, IPA: [ˈɔstrof tɛmɛˈnuɡɐ]) is a rocky island lying 660 m northeast of Quinton Point, Goten Peninsula on the northwest coast of Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. Temenuga is 620 m long by 450 m wide, and is separated from Kalotina Island to the west by a 140 m wide passage.

The island is named after the settlements of Temenuga in Northern and Southern Bulgaria.

Anvers Island
Anvers Island or Antwerp Island or Antwerpen Island or Isla Amberes is a high, mountainous island 61 km (38 miles) long, the largest in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. It was discovered by John Biscoe in 1832 and named in 1898 by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Adrien de Gerlache after the province of Antwerp in Belgium. It lies south-west of Brabant Island at the south-western end of the group. The south-western coastline of the island forms part of the Southwest Anvers Island and Palmer Basin Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA 7). Cormorant Island, an Important Bird Area, lies 1 km off the south coast.

There is a small science outpost called Palmer Station on the south end of Anvers island since the late 1960s; it is the smallest and farthest north of three the U.S. has on the continent. It is staffed by a few dozen people mostly doing marine and biology research, and is usually resupplied by ship as it has no regular airport.
Neo-revelationism
Neo-revelationism is a term for the beliefs of religious groups, especially Christian or Christianity-derived who claim direct revelation beyond claims of divine inspiration associated with the Christian Bible proper, but the term is also applicable relative to the Baháʼí Faith, and Ahmadiyya movement relative to mainstream Islam, and to Messiah claimants in a context of Judaism.
The English term is a translation of the German Neuoffenbarung.

Biblical inspiration
Biblical inspiration is the doctrine in Christian theology that the human writers and canonizers of the Bible were led by God with the result that their writings may be designated in some sense the word of God. This belief is traditionally associated with concepts of the biblical infallibility and the internal consistency of the Bible.
Antithyroid agent
An antithyroid agent is a hormone inhibitor acting upon thyroid hormones.

The main antithyroid drugs are carbimazole (in the UK), methimazole (in the US), and propylthiouracil (PTU). A less common antithyroid agent is potassium perchlorate.

Carbimazole
Carbimazole (brand names Neo-Mercazole, Anti-Thyrox, etc.) is used to treat hyperthyroidism. Carbimazole is a pro-drug as after absorption it is converted to the active form, methimazole. Methimazole prevents thyroid peroxidase enzyme from iodinating and coupling the tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin, hence reducing the production of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4 (thyroxine).

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Taiwan Strait Crises
The Taiwan Strait Crises refers to conflicts involving the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China, following the end of the Chinese Civil War.

The First Taiwan Strait Crisis (1954–1955), caused by the People's Liberation Army (PLA) shelling of Kinmen and later also the Matsu and Dachen Islands

The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis (1958), caused by another large-scale PLA shelling of Kinmen and Matsu

The Third Taiwan Strait Crisis (1995–1996), in the lead-up to Lee Teng-hui's re-election in the 1996 Taiwanese presidential election

The Fourth Taiwan Strait Crisis (2022–present), a series of large-scale encroaching Chinese military drills around Taiwan, the first of which was triggered by the former speaker of the United States House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi's visit to Taiwan

Second Taiwan Strait Crisis
The Second Taiwan Strait Crisis, also known as the 1958 Taiwan Strait Crisis, was a conflict between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC). The PRC shelled the islands of Kinmen (Quemoy) and the Matsu Islands along the east coast of mainland China in an attempt to take them from the ROC, governed by the Kuomintang (KMT),  and to probe the extent of American commitment to defend the Republic of China. The conflict also involved air, naval, and amphibious operations. Then U.S. secretary of state Christian Herter reportedly described it as the "first serious nuclear crisis".
Serpil Hamdi Tüzün
Serpil Hamdi Tüzün is a Turkish football coach who coached the Beşiktaş J.K. senior team for the 1979–80 season. Primarily a youth coach, he worked with the youth of Beşiktaş representing some of the finest names to the football stage. He also worked as a youth coach for the Turkey national youth football team, collecting a European under-18 championship gold medal in 1992. Tüzün came second in the same tournament in 1993. Tüzün worked as a youth coach in Azerbaijan as well. He worked in Ajax as an intern with Ștefan Kovács. He developed many football players in the Beşiktaş youth team, such as Sergen Yalcin, Feyyaz Ucar, Ali Gultiken, and Metin Tekin.

Ali Gültiken
Ali Kurtuluş Gültiken (born 27 June 1965) is a former professional football player, manager, and scout. He is a part of the most famous trio of the Turkish football team Beşiktaş history alongside Metin Tekin and Feyyaz Uçar in the early 1990s.
El Hadj Ag Gamou
El Hadj Ag Gamou (born December 31, 1964) is an Imghad Tuareg Malian division general. Gamou is currently the governor of Kidal Region since November 22, 2023, and has also been the head of his faction of Imghad Tuareg Self-Defense Group and Allies since the group's foundation. Prior to his governorship, Gamou served in the Malian army, commanding Malian troops against Ansar Dine and the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) in the early stages of the Mali War.

Kidal Region
Kidal Region (Bambara: ߞߌߘߊߟ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ tr. Kidal Dineja) the eighth administrative region of Mali, covering 151,450 square kilometres or 58,480 square miles. This area was formerly part of Gao Region, but was created as a separate region in 1991. It is located in the north of the country, within the territory which the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad proclaimed to be the independent nation-state of Azawad on 6 April 2012. This independence has not been recognized by any country or international organization. It was under the control of different armed movements such as the Ansar Dine and MNLA until January 2013, when French forces liberated the region. The Region's administrative capital is the town of Kidal.