hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Psorodendron
Psorodendron is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It includes five species native to the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico.

Psorodendron arborescens (Torr. ex A.Gray) Rydb. – Mojave indigo bush

Psorodendron fremontii (Torr. ex A.Gray) Rydb. – Fremont's indigo bush

Psorodendron kingii (S.Watson) Rydb. – Lahontan indigo bush, King's dalea

Psorodendron schottii (Torr.) Rydb. – Schott's dalea

Psorodendron spinosum (A.Gray) Rydb. – smoketree, smokethorn

Psorodendron spinosum
Psorodendron spinosum (synonyms Psorothamnus spinosus and Dalea spinosa) is a perennial legume tree of the deserts in North America. Common names include smokethorn, smoketree, smoke tree, smokethorn dalea, and corona de Cristo.
Paris buns
Paris buns are a sweetened breadlike cake similar to scones. They are typically decorated with currants or pearl sugar nibs. A recipe from an 1881 cookbook refers to Paris buns as "Scotch" and says that three of the buns cost a penny. They used to be popular in Belfast, Northern Ireland as well as in western Scotland, or in poorer regions.

Scone
A scone (/skɒn/ SKON or /skoʊn/ SKOHN) is a traditional British and Irish baked good, popular in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. In the US, scones are a different baked product from the rest of the world, usually sweeter, triangular in shape and served on their own. Scones are usually made of either wheat flour or oatmeal, with baking powder as a leavening agent, and baked on sheet pans, or fried in a frying pan. A scone can be either lightly sweetened or savoury, and can be occasionally glazed with egg wash. The sweetened scone is a basic component of the cream tea, and the afternoon tea. It differs from teacakes and other types of sweet breads that are made with yeast. Scones were chosen as Ireland's representative for Café Europe during the Austrian presidency of the European Union in 2006.
Hovsvatnet
Hovsvatnet is a lake in the municipality of Lund in Rogaland county, Norway.  The lake lies between the villages of Eik (in the north) and Moi in the south.  The European route E39 highway runs along the whole southern shore of the V-shaped lake.  Most of the sides of the lake have high mountains on the shoreline, preventing habitation along most of the lake.

Moi, Norway
Moi is the administrative centre of Lund municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  The village is located at the northern end of the lake Lundevatnet, one of the deepest lakes in Norway.  The European route E39 highway passes through Moi. The Sørlandet Line also runs through Moi, stopping at Moi Station.

The 1.6-square-kilometre (400-acre) village has a population (2019) of 1,926 and a population density of 1,204 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,120/sq mi).
Zwieselbacher Rosskogel
The Zwieselbacher Rosskogel (3,081 m (AA) or 3,082 m (AA)) is a double peak in the northern Stubai Alps in the Austrian state of Tyrol. Its summit offers a sweeping panorama to the north because no other higher mountains impede the view. To the south, by contrast, the view is restricted by higher summits in the  Stubai Alps. The first well known ascent took place on 23 August 1881 by Ludwig Purtscheller accompanied by chamois hunter Franz Schnaiter from Zirl.

Stubai Alps
The Stubai Alps (German: Stubaier Alpen, pronounced [ˈʃtuːbaɪɐ ˈalpn̩]) is a mountain range in the Central Eastern Alps of Europe. It derives its name from the Stubaital valley to its east and is located southwest of Innsbruck, Austria. Several peaks form the border between Austria and Italy. The range is bounded by the Inn River valley to the north; the Sill River valley (Wipptal) and the Brenner Pass to the east (separating it from the Zillertal Alps); the Ötztal and Timmelsjoch to the west (separating it from the Ötztal Alps), and to the south by tributaries of the Passer River and Eisack.
Roseanne Barr
Roseanne Cherrie Barr (born November 3, 1952), also known mononymously as Roseanne, is an American actress, comedian, writer, and producer. She began her career in stand-up comedy, going on to achieve widespread recognition for her work as the eponymous lead character on the ABC sitcom Roseanne (1988–1997; 2018), for which she received an Emmy and a Golden Globe.

Having been revived in 2018 to strong ratings, plans for further seasons of Roseanne were dropped after Barr made a tweet condemned as racist by many commentators, with Barr later referring to the tweet as a "bad joke." Her comeback comedy special, Cancel This!, was released on Fox Nation in 2023.

American Comedy Awards
The American Comedy Awards were a group of awards presented annually in the United States recognizing performances and performers in the field of comedy, with an emphasis on television comedy and comedy films. They were first presented in May 1987, billed as the "first awards show to honor all forms of comedy." In 1989, after the death of Lucille Ball, the statue was named "the Lucy" to honor her.

The awards ceased after 2001. NBC revived the awards for a single year in May 2014.
Cervicoaxillary canal
The cervicoaxillary canal is the passageway that extends between the neck and the upper extremities through which the long thoracic nerve and other structures pass.

Its structure is defined by being posteriorly bordered by the scapula, anteriorly by the clavicle, and medially by the first rib. The long thoracic nerve traverses this passageway in addition to axillary blood vessels and the brachial plexus. This complex nerve network arises in the neck from the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth cervical roots, C5, C6, C7 and C8, together with the first thoracic root, T1. It then enters the canal in the axilla.

Scapula
The scapula (pl.: scapulae or scapulas), also known as the shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone). Like their connected bones, the scapulae are paired, with each scapula on either side of the body being roughly a mirror image of the other. The name derives from the Classical Latin word for trowel or small shovel, which it was thought to resemble.

In compound terms, the prefix omo- is used for the shoulder blade in medical terminology. This prefix is derived from ὦμος (ōmos), the Ancient Greek word for shoulder, and is cognate with the Latin (h)umerus, which in Latin signifies either the shoulder or the upper arm bone.

The scapula forms the back of the shoulder girdle. In humans, it is a flat bone, roughly triangular in shape, placed on a posterolateral aspect of the thoracic cage.
BET Awards 2025
The 25th BET Awards took place on June 9, 2025, at the Peacock Theater in Los Angeles, California, to celebrate achievements in entertainment and honors music, sports, television, and movies. Actor and comedian Kevin Hart hosted for the second time since 2011.

On May 7, 2025, a 25th-anniversary celebration of 106 & Park was announced,  featuring a reunion of its hosts and performances by several popular guests.

The nominations were announced on May 8, 2025, with Kendrick Lamar leading with ten, and Doechii, Drake, Future and GloRilla following with six each. Lamar was the most awarded of the night, taking home five awards.

On May 28, 2025, Mariah Carey, Jamie Foxx, Snoop Dogg and Kirk Franklin were announced as honorees of the Ultimate Icon Award.

The BET Awards 2025 Red Carpet Live pre-show featured a performance of the viral hit "Boots on the Ground" by 803fresh.

BET Awards 2011
The 11th BET Awards took place at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California on June 26, 2011. The awards recognized Americans in music, acting, sports, and other fields of entertainment over the past year. Comedian and actor Kevin Hart hosted the event for the first time.  The show had an audience of 7.7 million.
M. Jayachandran
Madhusoodanan Jayachandran Nair (born 14 June 1971) is an Indian composer, singer, and musician. He has won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Music Director a record number of nine times. In 2005, he also won the state award for best male singer. In 2015, he won the National Film Award for Best Music Direction for the film Ennu Ninte Moideen. He has composed music for 126 films.

Asianet Film Awards
The Asianet Film Awards is an award ceremony for  films presented annually by Asianet, a Malayalam-language television network from the south-Indian state of Kerala. According to Asianet, the awards ceremony has been instituted to honour artistic and technical excellence in the Malayalam film industry. The most recent award was the 22nd Asianet Film Awards held on 6 February 2020 at Angamaly.
Cartazzi axle
A Cartazzi axle is a design of leading or trailing wheel support used worldwide. The design was used extensively on the former LNER's Pacific steam locomotives and named after its inventor F.J. Cartazzi, formerly of the Great Northern Railway.  It should not be confused with a pony truck as it does not pivot at all.  The axle does, however, have sideways play built in to accommodate tight curves.  Cartazzi's design causes the weight of the locomotive to exert a self-centring action on the trailing wheels.

The Cartazzi design was also sometimes applied to driving wheel axles on longer wheelbase locomotives.

Driving wheel
On a steam locomotive, a driving wheel is a powered wheel which is driven by the locomotive's pistons (or turbine, in the case of a steam turbine locomotive). On a conventional, non-articulated locomotive, the driving wheels are all coupled together with side rods (also known as coupling rods); normally one pair is directly driven by the main rod, or connecting rod, which is connected to the end of the piston rod; power is transmitted to the others through the side rods.

On diesel and electric locomotives, the driving wheels may be directly driven by the traction motors. Coupling rods are not usually used, and it is quite common for each axle to have its own motor.  Jackshaft drive and coupling rods were used in the past (e.g. in the Swiss Crocodile locomotive) but their use is now confined to shunter locomotives.

On an articulated locomotive or a duplex locomotive, driving wheels are grouped into sets with wheels within each set linked together.
34th New York State Legislature
The 34th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 29 to April 9, 1811, during the fourth year of Daniel D. Tompkins's governorship, in Albany.

Morgan Lewis (governor)
Morgan Lewis (October 16, 1754 – April 7, 1844) was an American lawyer, politician, and military commander.  The second son of Francis Lewis, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, Lewis fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812.  He served in the New York State Assembly (1789, 1792) and the New York State Senate (1811–1814) and was New York State Attorney General (1791–1801) and the third governor of New York (1804–1807).
Phemeranthus
Phemeranthus (fameflower) is a genus of flowering plants in the miner's lettuce family, Montiaceae, native to the Americas. It was formerly placed in Portulacaceae. The name is derived from the Greek words εφήμερος (ephemeros), meaning "living for one day," and ἄνθος (anthos), meaning "flower." Common names for the various species are often fame flower, rock rose, rock pink, and sand pink.

Portulacaceae
The Portulacaceae are a family of flowering plants, comprising 115 species in a single genus Portulaca. Formerly some 20 genera with about 500 species, were placed there, but it is now restricted to encompass only one genus. It is also known as the purslane family. It has a cosmopolitan distribution, with the highest diversity in semiarid regions of the Southern Hemisphere in Africa, Australia, and South America, but with a few species also extending north into Arctic regions. The family is very similar to the Caryophyllaceae, differing in the calyx, which has only two sepals.

The APG II system (2003; unchanged from the APG system of 1998) assigns it to the order Caryophyllales in the clade core eudicots. In the APG III system, several genera were moved to the Montiaceae, Didiereaceae, Anacampserotaceae and Talinaceae, thus making the family monotypic and only containing the genus Portulaca.
Alexander Anne
Alexander Anne or Aune (died 1439) was an English lawyer and politician.

Alexander Anne (also Aune, de Aune, or de Anne) was originally from Frickley in Yorkshire and served as a Justice of the Peace of that county as well as Middlesex.
A Citizen-Draper of London, he held numerous offices, including undersheriff for London in 1423 and escheator for Middlesex in 1432. He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Middlesex in 1430/31, 1432, and 1436/37. Anne was also Recorder of London from 1435 to his death in 1439.

Recorder of London
The recorder of London is an ancient legal office in the City of London. The recorder of London is the senior circuit judge at the Central Criminal Court (the Old Bailey), hearing trials of criminal offences. The recorder is appointed by the Crown on the recommendation of the City of London Corporation with the concurrence of the Lord Chancellor. The recorder's deputy is the Common Serjeant of London, appointed by the Crown on the recommendation of the Lord Chancellor. The recorder of London is, since 14 April 2020, Mark Lucraft.
British blues
British blues is a form of music derived from the American blues style, a form that originated in the UK in the late 1950s, and reached its height of mainstream popularity in the 1960s. In Britain, blues developed a distinctive and influential style dominated by electric guitar, and made international stars of several proponents of the genre, including the Rolling Stones, the Animals, the Yardbirds, John Mayall, Eric Clapton, Fleetwood Mac and Led Zeppelin.

Country blues
Country blues (also folk blues, rural blues, backwoods blues, or downhome blues) is one of the earliest forms of blues music, but also refers to a blend of country music and blues. The mainly solo vocal with acoustic fingerstyle guitar accompaniment developed in the rural Southern United States in the early 20th century.  It stands in contrast primarily to the urban blues style, especially in the pre-war era.
Chroniosaurus
Chroniosaurus is an extinct genus of chroniosuchid stegocephalian, often considered a reptiliomorph but possibly a stem-tetrapod, from upper Permian (upper Tatarian age) deposits of Novgorod, Orenburg and Vologda Regions, Russia. It was first named by Tverdokhlebova in 1972 and the type species is Chroniosaurus dongusensis.

Chroniosuchidae
Chroniosuchidae is a family of semi-aquatic tetrapods found in sediments from the upper Permian and the upper Triassic periods, most in Russia. They were generally rather large animals, with long jaws similar to those found in modern crocodiles, and probably lived a similar lifestyle as riverside piscivores and ambush predators. Like all chroniosuchians, they bore extensive osteoderm armour on their backs, possibly as protection against terrestrial predators such as the Permian therapsids and the Triassic rauisuchians.
Ceres (East Indiaman)
Three ships named Ceres, for Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture, served the British East India Company (EIC) as East Indiamen:

Ceres (1773 EIC ship) was launched in 1773 and made four voyages before she was sold in 1784 as a hulk.

Ceres (1787 EIC ship) was launched in 1787 and made three voyages before the British Royal Navy purchased her and renamed her HMS Grampus. Grampus stranded in 1799 in the Thames and had to be burnt.

Ceres (1797 EIC ship) was launched in 1797 and made nine voyages for the EIC before she was sold in 1816 as a hulk.

In addition, one vessel named Ceres performed two voyages for the EIC under charter.

Ceres (1794 ship)
Ceres was launched at Whitby, North Yorkshire, England, in 1794. She made two voyages for the British East India Company (EIC). Thereafter she remained a London-based transport. She was last listed in 1816.
Simple file verification
Simple file verification (SFV) is a file format for storing CRC-32 checksums of files to verify the integrity of files. SFV is used to verify that a file has not been corrupted, but it does not otherwise verify the file's authenticity. The .sfv file extension is usually used for SFV files.

Filename extension
A filename extension, file name extension or file extension is a suffix to the name of a computer file (for example, .txt, .mp3, .exe) that indicates a characteristic of the file contents or its intended use. A filename extension is typically delimited from the rest of the filename with a full stop (period), but in some systems it is separated with spaces.

Some file systems, such as the FAT file system used in DOS, implement filename extensions as a feature of the file system itself and may limit the length and format of the extension, while others, such as Unix file systems, the VFAT file system, and NTFS, treat filename extensions as part of the filename without special distinction.
1988 Virginia Slims of New Orleans – Singles
The 1988 Virginia Slims of New Orleans was the final edition of the Virginia Slims of New Orleans tennis tournament. Chris Evert was the defending champion and won in the final 6–4, 6–1 against Anne Smith.

Virginia Slims of New Orleans
The Virginia Slims of New Orleans is a defunct WTA Tour affiliated women's tennis tournament played from 1984 to 1988. It was held in New Orleans, Louisiana in the United States and was played on indoor carpet courts in the Lakefront Arena from 1984 to 1987 and on outdoor hard courts in 1988.
Abd al-Qadir al-Maraghi
Abd al-Qadir al-Maraghi ibn Ghaybi (Persian: عبدالقادر مراغی; d. 1435) was a music theorist, composer and performer of the Timurid Empire. A renowned writer on music and musician, his theories had a profound influence on subsequent Persian, Arab, and Turkish music.

Timurid dynasty
The Timurid dynasty, self-designated as Gurkani, was the ruling dynasty of the Timurid Empire (1370–1507). It was a Sunni Muslim dynasty or Barlās clan of Turco-Mongol origin descended from the warlord Timur (also known as Tamerlane). The word "Gurkani" derives from Gurkân (گورکان)—a Persianized form of the Mongolian word kürgen, meaning 'son-in-law'. This was an honorific title used by the dynasty as the Timurids were in-laws of the line of Genghis Khan, founder of the Mongol Empire, as Timur had married Saray Mulk Khanum, a direct descendant of Genghis Khan. Members of the Timurid dynasty signaled the Timurid Renaissance, and they were strongly influenced by Persian culture and established two significant empires in history, the Timurid Empire (1370–1507) based in Persia and Central Asia, and the Mughal Empire (1526–1857) based in the Indian subcontinent.
2018 Tevlin Women's Challenger
The 2018 Tevlin Women's Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the fourteenth edition of the tournament and was part of the 2018 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Toronto, Canada, on 29 October–4 November 2018.

2018 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2018 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's Circuit is a second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $100,000.
Innovation and business in upstate New York
Upstate New York has been the setting for inventions and businesses of international significance.  The abundance of water power and the advent of canal and rail transportation provided nineteenth century upstate New York entrepreneurs with the means to power factories and send their products to market.  In the twentieth century, hydroelectric power and the New York State Thruway served the same roles. In April 2021, GlobalFoundries, a company specializing in the semiconductor industry, moved its headquarters from Silicon Valley, California to its most advanced semiconductor-chip manufacturing facility in Saratoga County, New York near a section of the Adirondack Northway, in Malta, New York.

Ralph Peo
Ralph Frederick Peo (May 3, 1897 – November 29, 1966) was an American inventor, engineer, business executive in the automobile industry, and the holder of 150 patents. He was founder of Frontier Industries in Buffalo, New York and was CEO of Houdaille Industries from 1955 to 1962 and chairman of the board from 1956 to 1964. A pioneer in the development of the automobile shock absorber, Peo invented the first thermostatically controlled shock absorber.  He also invented one of the earliest air conditioners for use in automobiles.
Minneriya Garrison
The Minneriya Garrison is a common name used for collection of military bases of the Sri Lanka Army located in and around the Minneriya in the North Central Province. It is home to the several training centers of the army, including the Infantry Training Centre and the School of Artillery of the Sri Lanka Artillery. SLAF Hingurakgoda is situated in close proximity.

The garrison was established in the 1980s and expanded with the rapid growth of the army in the 1980s and 1990s with escalation of the Sri Lankan Civil War. Apart from serving as training grounds for infantry and artillery, the garrison served as command headquarters and forward staging area for military operations.

Hingurakgoda Airport
Hingurakgoda Airport (Sinhala: හිඟුරක්ගොඩ ගුවන්තොටුපළ Hingurakgoda Guwanthotupala, IATA: HIM, ICAO: VCCH), also known as Minneriya Airport, is a domestic airport in Hingurakgoda, Sri Lanka. It is also a military airbase known as Sri Lanka Air Force Base Hingurakgoda.

The facility is located 6.4 nautical miles (11.9 km) north of the town of Polonnaruwa at an elevation of 46 metres (151 ft) and has one runway designated 07/25 with a bitumen surface measuring 2,287 by 46 metres (7,503 ft × 151 ft).
The Duck Who Never Was
"The Duck Who Never Was" is a 1994 Disney comics story written and drawn by Don Rosa. It was written to celebrate Donald Duck's sixtieth anniversary. The story was first published in the Danish Anders And & Co. #1994-23; the first American publication was in Donald Duck #286, in September 1994.

Duck family (Disney)
The Duck family is a fictional family of cartoon ducks related to Disney character Donald Duck. The family is also related to the Coot, Goose, and Gander families, as well as the Scottish Clan McDuck. Besides Donald, the best-known members of the Duck family are Huey, Dewey, and Louie, Donald's triplet nephews.

Members of the Duck family appear most extensively in Donald Duck comics (although some have made animated appearances). In 1993, American comics author Don Rosa published a Duck Family Tree that established the characters' relationships in his stories. He also created a fictional timeline for when certain characters were born (All birth/death dates given below are Rosa's). Other comics authors both before and after have shown variations in the family.