hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aqua Virgo
The Aqua Virgo was one of the eleven Roman aqueducts that supplied the city of ancient Rome.
It was completed in 19 BC by Marcus Agrippa, during the reign of the emperor Augustus: 28 : §10 (p. 350-1) : 149 : 167  and was built mainly to supply the contemporaneous Baths of Agrippa in the Campus Martius: 167 .
The aqueduct was called Virgo because a young girl led thirsty soldiers to a spring used as a source for the aqueduct : 28 : §10 (p. 350-1) , and it was capable of supplying 100,160 m3 (131,000 cu yd) of water per day.: 347

Villa Borghese gardens
Villa Borghese is a landscape garden in Rome, containing a number of buildings, museums (see Galleria Borghese) and attractions. It is the third-largest public park in Rome (80 hectares or 197.7 acres), after the ones of the Villa Doria Pamphili and Villa Ada. The gardens were developed for the Villa Borghese Pinciana ("Borghese villa on the Pincian Hill"), built by the architect Flaminio Ponzio, developing sketches by Scipione Borghese, who used it as a villa suburbana, or party villa, at the edge of Rome, and to house his art collection. The gardens as they are now were remade in the late 19th century.
Johnston Laboratories
53°24′26″N 2°58′01″W﻿ / ﻿53.4071°N 2.967°W﻿ / 53.4071; -2.967

The Johnston Laboratories at the University of Liverpool in Liverpool, England, performed a variety of pathology and medical research during the 20th century.  They are now located in the Johnston Building. The Laboratories were founded by early University benefactor and ship owner William Johnston and formally opened on 9 May 1903.  Research activities of the Laboratories were documented in the Thompson Yates and Johnston Laboratories Report by the University of Liverpool Press.  During the 1900s and 1910s the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine was partly housed in the laboratories.

Liverpool University Press
Liverpool University Press (LUP), founded in 1899, is the third oldest university press in England after Oxford University Press and Cambridge University Press. As the press of the University of Liverpool, it specialises in modern languages, literatures, history, and visual culture and currently publishes more than 160 books a year, as well as 50 academic journals. LUP's books are distributed in North America by Longleaf.
MODY 4
MODY 4 or PDX1-MODY is a form of maturity onset diabetes of the young.

MODY 4 arises from mutations of the PDX1 homeobox gene on chromosome 13. Pdx-1 is a transcription factor vital to the development of the embryonic pancreas. Even in adults it continues to play a role in the regulation and expression of genes for insulin, GLUT2, glucokinase, and somatostatin.

MODY 4 is so rare that only a single family has been well-studied. A child born with pancreatic agenesis (absence of the pancreas) was found to be homozygous for Pdx-1 mutations. A number of older relatives who were heterozygous had mild hyperglycemia or diabetes. None were severely insulin-deficient and all were controlled with either diet or oral hypoglycemic agents.

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) refers to any of several hereditary forms of diabetes mellitus caused by mutations in an autosomal dominant gene disrupting insulin production. Along with neonatal diabetes, MODY is a form of the conditions known as monogenic diabetes. While the more common types of diabetes (especially type 1 and type 2) involve more complex combinations of causes involving multiple genes and environmental factors, each form of MODY is caused by changes to a single gene (monogenic).  HNF1A-MODY (MODY 3) are the most common forms.

Robert Tattersall and Stefan Fajans initially identified the phenomenon known as maturity onset diabetes of the young in a classic study published in the journal Diabetes in 1975.
2026 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
The 2026 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana was the 77th edition of the Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana, which is part of the 2026 UCI ProSeries. It began on the 4th of February in Segorbe and finished on the 8th in Valencia.

2026 UCI ProSeries
The 2026 UCI ProSeries is the seventh season of the UCI ProSeries, the second tier road cycling tour, below the UCI World Tour, but above the various regional UCI Continental Circuits.

The calendar consists of 61 events, of which 34 are one-day races (1.Pro), and 27 are stage races (2.Pro). There are 53 events in Europe, six in Asia, and one each in the United States and Australia.

There are races from 2025 demoted to UCI Continental Circuits such as Tour of Taihu Lake and Dwars door het Hageland, while some races such as AlUla Tour, Surf Coast Classic and CRO Race were upgraded from 2025 UCI Continental Circuits.
2018 Maldives political crisis
A political crisis in the Maldives intensified on after President Abdulla Yameen decided to disobey the Supreme Court order to release 9 political prisoners and reinstating 12 parliament members which would give the opposition (MDP) control of the chamber and potentially paving the way for Yameen's impeachment.

On 5 February 2018 president Abdulla Yameen declared a state of emergency and ordered the arrest of two judges of the Supreme Court of the Maldives, including Chief Justice of the Maldives Abdulla Saeed and Justice Ali Hameed Mohamed and former President (also his half-brother) Maumoon Abdul Gayoom.

Ahmed Faris Maumoon
Ahmed Faris Maumoon (Dhivehi: އަޙްމަދު ފާރިސް މައުމޫން; born 31 March 1971), commonly known as Faris, is a Maldivian politician who previously served as the President of the Maldives Reform Movement (MRM), a political party established in 2019 by his father and former president, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom. He has served as Minister of State for Economic Development from November 2013 to June 2015. He was also elected as a Member of Parliament (People's Majlis) from June 2015 to May 2019 for Dhiggaru constituency.
Bandaranaike Airport attack
The Bandaranaike International Airport attack was a commando raid on 24 July 2001 by Black Tigers of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) targeting the Sri Lanka Air Force base SLAF Katunayake and the adjoining Bandaranaike International Airport in Katunayake, Sri Lanka. The attack was one of the boldest the LTTE mounted during its war with the Sri Lankan government, and had a profound impact on the country's military, economy, and airline industry.

IAI Kfir
The Israel Aircraft Industries Kfir (Hebrew: כְּפִיר, "Lion Cub") is an Israeli all-weather multirole combat aircraft based on the French Dassault Mirage 5, with Israeli avionics and an Israeli-built version of the General Electric J79 turbojet engine.
RydB RNA
The RydB RNA is a non-coding RNA  originally identified in E. coli in an RNA screen. This gene is only 67 nucleotides in length and is composed of a hairpin like structure.  RydB lies between the ydiC and ydiH in E. coli.  Homologous RNA genes have been found in other species such as Shigella flexneri and Salmonella  species.  The molecular function of this RNA is unknown.

Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as small RNAs such as microRNAs, siRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, scaRNAs and the long ncRNAs such as Xist and HOTAIR.

The number of non-coding RNAs within the human genome is unknown; however, recent transcriptomic and bioinformatic studies suggest that there are thousands of non-coding transcripts. 
Many of the newly identified ncRNAs have unknown functions, if any. 
There is no consensus on how much of non-coding transcription is functional: some believe most ncRNAs to be non-functional "junk RNA", spurious transcriptions, while others expect that many non-coding transcripts have functions to be discovered.
Nandom Municipal District
Nandom Municipal is one of the eleven districts in Upper West Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Lawra/Nandom District in 1988; until the northern part of the district was later split off to create Nandom District on 28 June 2012; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Lawra District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 15 March 2018 to become Lawra Municipal District). However on 27 January 2020, it was elevated to municipal assembly status to become Nandom Municipal Assembly. The municipality is located in the northwest part of Upper West Region and has Nandom as its capital town.

Upper West Region
The Upper West Region is a region of Ghana located in the northwestern corner of the country. It is bordered by the Upper East Region to the east, the Northern Region to the south, and the Centre-Ouest and Sud-Ouest regions of Burkina Faso to the west and north. The Upper West regional capital and largest settlement is Wa.
GJ 3323
GJ 3323, also known as LHS 1723, is a nearby star. It is located in the equatorial constellation Eridanus, about 0.4° to the northwest of the naked eye star Psi Eridani. It is invisible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude 12.20. Parallax measurements give a distance of 17.5 light-years (5.4 parsecs). It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +42.3 km/s. Roughly 104,000 years ago, the star is believed to have come to within 7.34 ± 0.16 light-years of the Solar System.

The stellar classification of GJ 3323 is M4.0Ve, indicating that it is a red dwarf, with emission lines appearing in its spectrum. It is fully convective and a source of X-ray emission. The star has 17% of the Sun's mass, 19% of the radius of the Sun, and just 0.4% of the Sun's luminosity.

Star catalogue
A star catalogue is an astronomical catalogue that lists stars. In astronomy, many stars are referred to simply by catalogue numbers. There are a great many different star catalogues which have been produced for different purposes over the years, and this article covers only some of the more frequently quoted ones. Star catalogues were compiled by many different ancient people, including the Babylonians, Greeks, Chinese, Persians, and Arabs. They were sometimes accompanied by a star chart for illustration. Most modern catalogues are available in electronic format and can be freely downloaded from space agencies' data centres. The largest is being compiled from the spacecraft Gaia and thus far has over a billion stars.

Completeness and accuracy are described by the faintest limiting magnitude V (largest number) and the accuracy of the positions.
Bardkandeh
Bardkandeh (Persian: بركنده; also known as Bardkandi) is a village in Bahmai-ye Garmsiri-ye Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Bahmai County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 172, in 34 families.

Bahmai-ye Garmsiri-ye Jonubi Rural District
Bahmai-ye Garmsiri-ye Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان بهمئي گرمسيرئ جنوبي) is in the Central District of Bahmai County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kat. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Likak.
Ike Hilliard
Isaac Jason Hilliard (born April 5, 1976) is an American football coach and former wide receiver who is currently the Co-offensive coordinator/Wide receivers coach for California. He played primarily with the New York Giants.

Hilliard played college football for the Florida Gators, earning consensus All-American honors in 1996. He was a first-round pick (seventh overall) by the New York Giants in the 1997 NFL draft. Hilliard also played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers before retiring in 2008.

Jay Gruden
Jay Michael Gruden (born March 4, 1967) is an American football coach and former quarterback. He previously served as the head coach of the Washington Redskins from 2014 to 2019 and as offensive coordinator for the Cincinnati Bengals and Jacksonville Jaguars. During his time in the Arena Football League (AFL), he won four ArenaBowls as a player and two more as a head coach. Gruden is the younger brother of former NFL head coach Jon Gruden and was an assistant coach of the 2002 Buccaneers team that won Super Bowl XXXVII.
Hispaniolan spindalis
The Hispaniolan spindalis (Spindalis dominicensis) is one of four species of bird in family Spindalidae. It is endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola which is shared by Haiti and the Dominican Republic.

Spindalis
Spindalis is a genus consisting of four non-migratory species of bird. It is the only genus in the family Spindalidae.  The species are mostly endemic to the West Indies; exceptions include populations of western spindalises on Cozumel Island, off the Yucatán Peninsula's east coast, and in extreme southeastern Florida. The species were traditionally considered aberrant members of the tanager family Thraupidae. Taxonomic studies recover them as a sister group to the Puerto Rican tanager (family Nesospingidae), and some group Spindalidae and Nesospingidae within the Phaenicophilidae.

Males are characterized by bright plumage while females are duller and have a different coloration. The nests are cup-shaped.
Fendt
Fendt is a German agricultural machinery manufacturer founded in 1930 by Xaver Fendt in Marktoberdorf in the Allgäu region of Bavaria, Germany. Fendt manufactures tractors, combine harvesters, forage harvesters, balers, telescopic handlers and row crop planters. It was purchased by AGCO Corporation in 1997.

Continuously variable transmission
A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is an automatic transmission that can change through a continuous range of gear ratios, typically resulting in better fuel economy in gasoline applications. This contrasts with other transmissions that provide a limited number of gear ratios in fixed steps. The flexibility of a CVT with suitable control may allow the engine to operate at a constant angular velocity while the vehicle moves at varying speeds.
Thus, CVT has a simpler structure, longer internal component lifespan in theory, and potentially greater durability. Compared to traditional or standard  automatic transmissions, it offers lower fuel consumption and greater environmental friendliness.

CVTs are used in cars, tractors, side-by-sides, motor scooters, snowmobiles, bicycles, and heavy equipment. The most common type of CVT uses two pulleys connected by a belt or chain; however, several other designs have also been used at times.
Kombe people
Kombe people are an African ethnic group, members of the Bantu group, who are indigenous to Equatorial Guinea. They are native speakers of the Kombe language.

At the beginning of the twentieth century some of the women intermarried with the Benga people on the Isle of Corisco.

From 1964 to 1969 they were located in Punta Mbonda (North of Bata). They later settled in Cameroon, south of Bata, and south of Rio Benito.  They are sometimes referred to as Ndowe or "Playeros" (beach people in Spanish), one of several peoples on the Rio Muni coast.

Benga people
The Benga people are an African ethnic group, members of the Bantu peoples, who are indigenous to Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. Their indigenous language is Benga.  They are referred to as Ndowe or Playeros (Beach People), one of several peoples on the Río Muni coast. Bengas inhabit a small coastal portion of the Cabo de San Juan, suburban enclaves in the coastal municipalities of Mbini and Bata, and the islands of Corisco, Elobey Grande and Elobey Chico.
Air Moana
Air Moana is a French airline in French Polynesia. Its main hub is at Faa'a International Airport. It operates domestic flights within French Polynesia using three ATR-72 aircraft.

The airline was established in January 2022 by Christian Vernaudon, a former head of Air Tahiti, with plans to use ATR aircraft to fly domestic flights to the Society islands and Tuamotus. it secured its domestic operating licence in December 2022, with its first aircraft arriving later that month. In December 2022, Sofidep, the French Polynesian development finance company, took a stake in the airline.

It secured its air operators certificate in February 2023. It made its inaugural flight to Bora Bora on 8 February 2023.

The airline took delivery of its second ATR 72–600 in March 2023.

Air Tahiti
Air Tahiti is a French regional airline which operates in French Polynesia. Its main hub is Faaʼa International Airport. With 48 destinations, the airline is the largest private employer in French Polynesia.: 22
William Moore (steamship captain)
William Moore (5 June 1825 – 29 March 1909) was a steamship captain, businessman, miner and explorer in British Columbia and Alaska. During most of British Columbia's gold rushes (from the Queen Charlottes in 1852 until the Cassiar Gold Rush in 1872) Moore could be found at the center of activity, either providing transportation to the miners, working claims or delivering mail and supplies.

In 1887, guided by First Nation's explorer Skookum Jim (who later co-discovered the Klondike Goldfields), Moore was guided through the White Pass route that would become a famous route to the Klondike Gold Rush and purchased the land that later became the famous gold rush town of Skagway. Throughout his 83 years, he would father five sons and four daughters and make and lose at least three separate fortunes. His friends and rivals would give him many nicknames, among them, "Buddy" and "The Flying Dutchman".

Keish
Keish (c. 1855 – July 11, 1916), also known as James Mason and by the nickname Skookum Jim Mason, was a member of the Tagish First Nation in what became the Yukon Territory of Canada. He was born near Bennett Lake, on what is now the Yukon–British Columbia border. He lived in Caribou Crossing, now Carcross, Yukon.
Fun in a Chinese Laundry
Fun in a Chinese Laundry is an autobiography by Austrian-American filmmaker Josef von Sternberg first published in 1965 by Macmillan Publishers. The book was reissued in 1988 by Mercury House with a foreword by Gary Cooper.

Von Sternberg provides details from his childhood in Vienna and youth in America, as well every stage of his film career. The memoir provides numerous character sketches and critiques of film personnel, especially the actors he worked with, among them Marlene Dietrich.

The eponymous title of the autobiography is a reference to a 1894 Kinetoscope film by American inventor and film pioneer Thomas Edison

Science & Society
Science & Society: A Journal of Marxist Thought and Analysis is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal of Marxist scholarship. Founded in 1936 and appearing quarterly ever since, it is called "the oldest continuing Marxist publication in the English language." It covers economics, philosophy of science, theoretical foundations in the natural sciences, historiography, women's studies, literature, the arts, and other social science disciplines from a Marxist point of view. In addition to its emphasis on social and political theory, Science & Society also features first-order historical research.
Kisai Domain
Kisai Domain (騎西藩, Kisai-han) was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Musashi Province (modern-day Kisai, Saitama). The domain existed until 1632, when the last lord, Ōkubo Tadamoto, was moved to the Kanō Domain, and the Kisai holdings were then merged into the territory of the Kawagoe Domain.

Han system
Han (Japanese: 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Han or Bakufu-han (daimyo domain) served as a system of de facto administrative divisions of Japan alongside the de jure provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s.
1994 Montreal Expos season
The 1994 Montreal Expos season was the 26th season of the franchise. They had the best record in Major League Baseball (74–40), when the 1994–95 Major League Baseball strike ended the season and the team's postseason aspirations.  From June 1 forward, Montreal transformed into the dominant club in the league, going 46−18 until the strike.  In turn, they also produced the most successful season in franchise history in terms of winning percentage (.649, which would have been 105–57 in a full season). Five Expos represented the National League at the All-Star Game held in Pittsburgh, including Moisés Alou, who had the game-winning hit for the National League.

The team was covered in-depth in the 2025 Netflix documentary Who Killed the Montreal Expos?

1994 Los Angeles Dodgers season
The 1994 Los Angeles Dodgers season was the 105th for the franchise in Major League Baseball and their 37th season in Los Angeles, California.

The Dodgers were leading the National League West  when the players strike halted the season in August.
Mount Shackleton
Mount Shackleton (65°13′S 63°56′W﻿ / ﻿65.217°S 63.933°W﻿ / -65.217; -63.933) is a mountain, 1,465 m, with perpendicular cliffs facing west, standing 2.5 miles (4.0 km) east of Chaigneau Peak between Leay and Wiggins Glaciers on Kyiv Peninsula, the west side of Graham Land in Antarctica. It was discovered by the 1908–10 French Antarctic Expedition under Charcot and named by him for Sir Ernest Shackleton.

Chaigneau Peak
Chaigneau Peak (65°13′S 64°1′W﻿ / ﻿65.217°S 64.017°W﻿ / -65.217; -64.017) is a sharp peak, 760 metres (2,500 ft) high, standing immediately southeast of Blanchard Ridge on the west coast of Graham Land. It was probably first sighted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition of 1897–1899. It was charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–1910, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, who named it for Chaigneau, then Governor of Provincia de Magallanes, Chile.
Vegetable chips
Vegetable chips (also referred to as veggie chips) are chips (crisps) that are prepared using vegetables other than potatoes. Vegetable chips may be fried, deep-fried, dehydrated, dried, or baked. Many different root vegetables or leaf vegetables may be used. Vegetable chips may be eaten as a snack food and may accompany other foods such as dips, or be used as a topping on dishes. In the United States, vegetable chips are often mass-produced, with many brands marketed to consumers.

While potato chips are technically considered "vegetable chips", since they are the most common form of chips, any other kind of vegetable-based chip is grouped in a separate category.

Food drying
Food drying is a method of food preservation in which food is dried (dehydrated or desiccated). Drying inhibits the growth of bacteria, yeasts, and mold through the removal of water. Dehydration has been used widely for this purpose since ancient times; the earliest known practice is 12,000 B.C. by inhabitants of the modern Asian and Middle Eastern regions. Water is traditionally removed through evaporation by using methods such as air drying, sun drying, smoking or wind drying, although today electric food dehydrators or freeze-drying can be used to speed the drying process and ensure more consistent results.
Mottled swift
The mottled swift (Tachymarptis aequatorialis) is a species of bird in the swift family, Apodidae. It is very sparsely distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa, although more so throughout East Africa.

Jali Makawa noted that the Alomwe people hunted these swifts by swirling long bamboo poles above them to swat the swifts down. Makawa and C.W. Benson tasted these birds and found them palatable.

Swift (bird)
The Apodidae, or swifts, form a family of highly aerial birds. They are superficially similar to swallows, but are not closely related to any passerine species. Swifts are placed in the order Apodiformes along with hummingbirds. The treeswifts are closely related to the true swifts, but form a separate family, the Hemiprocnidae.

Resemblances between swifts and swallows are due to convergent evolution, reflecting similar life styles based on catching insects in flight.

The family name, Apodidae, is derived from the Greek ἄπους (ápous), meaning "footless", a reference to the small, weak legs of these most aerial of birds. The tradition of depicting swifts without feet continued into the Middle Ages, as seen in the heraldic martlet.