hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hazell v Hammersmith and Fulham LBC
Hazell v Hammersmith and Fulham LBC [1992] 2 AC 1 is an English administrative law case, which declared that local authorities had no power to engage in interest rate swap agreements because they were beyond the council's borrowing powers, and that all the contracts were void. Their actions were held to contravene the Local Government Act 1972.

Prior to the judgment, a large number of local authorities had entered into such swap transactions.  Accordingly, the decision of the House of Lords declaring such practices to be unlawful set off a torrent of collateral litigation unwinding such swaps.  Although this clearly caused difficulties for the banks and local authorities engaged in such swap transactions, it has been noted that the "swap litigation" was instrumental in developing the modern law of restitution under English law.

Ewan McKendrick
Ewan Gordon McKendrick (born 1960) is Professor of English Private Law at the University of Oxford. He is known for his academic work on the law of contract, as well as publications in the law of unjust enrichment and commercial law.
HD 73389
HD 73389 is a binary star system in the constellation Carina. It has the Bayer designation e2 Carinae; HD 73389 is the identifier from the Henry Draper Catalogue. This system is visible to the naked eye as a point of light with a combined apparent visual magnitude of +4.84. Based on parallax measurements, it is located at a distance of approximately 225 light years from the Sun. The system is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +25.6 km/s.

The visual magnitude 5.08 primary, component A, is an aging K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K0III. With the supply of hydrogen at its core exhausted, it has cooled and expanded to 11 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 64 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,903 K. The secondary companion, component B, has a visual magnitude of 8.02 and is located at an angular separation of 0.30″ along a position angle of 207° from the primary, as of 2015.

Carina (constellation)
Carina (/kəˈraɪnə, kəˈriːnə/ kə-RY-nə, -⁠REE-) is a constellation in the southern sky. Its name is Latin for the keel of a ship, and it was the southern foundation of the larger constellation of Argo Navis (the ship Argo) until it was divided into three pieces, the other two being Puppis (the poop deck), and Vela (the sails of the ship).
Theodoret
Theodoret of Cyrus or Cyrrhus (Ancient Greek: Θεοδώρητος Κύρρου; c. 393 – c. 458) was a notable theologian of the School of Antioch, biblical commentator, and bishop of Cyrrhus (423–457). He participated in several 5th-century Christological controversies within the Eastern Roman Church that resulted in various ecumenical acts and schisms. Theodoret wrote against Cyril of Alexandria's Twelve Anathemas, which were sent to Nestorius, and did not condemn Nestorius until the Council of Chalcedon. Selected writings by Theodoret directed against Cyril formed part of the subject matter of the Three Chapters Controversy and were condemned posthumously at the Second Council of Constantinople (553). He is accorded the epithet "Blessed" in the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Macedonius of Syria
Macedonius the Hermit, sometimes known as Macedonius Kritophagus, lived at the turn of the fourth to fifth century in Byzantine Syria. He is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, with a feast day of January 24.

Macedonius began his ascetic life as a pilgrim wandering from city to city in Syria, Phoenicia, and Cilicia, living entirely on barley moistened with water (hence Kritophagus, "barley-eater"). Eventually he settled in the wilderness, far from human contact, taking shelter in a pit. He considered food a form of medicine that could be taken to stave off death because it is not lawful to "shorten one's life to shun labors and conflicts".

Macedonius became well known to people far and wide for his holiness and gifts of healing and exorcism. Gradually, multitudes of people came to seek his direction and intercession.  Only at a very advanced age did he agree to live in a cell provided for him. He died circa 420 at seventy years of age.
Indonesian Aerospace
Indonesian Aerospace (IAe; Indonesian: PT Dirgantara Indonesia), is an Indonesian aerospace company involved in aircraft design and the development and manufacture of civilian and military regional commuter aircraft, and a subsidiary of state-owned electronics manufacturer Len Industri. The company was formerly known as PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara (Persero) (IPTN; lit. 'Nusantara Aircraft Industry (State-owned) Limited'). It was expanded from a research and industrial facility under the auspices of the Indonesian Air Force, namely Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio (LIPNUR) or Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institute.

Established in 1976 as a state owned company, it has developed its capability as an aircraft manufacturer and diversified into other areas, such as telecommunication, automotive, maritime, information technology, oil & gas, control & automation, military, simulation technology, industrial turbine, and engineering services.

LIPNUR Kunang
The LIPNUR Kunang was a single-seat sports aircraft built in Indonesia that first flew in 1958 in the hope that it would inspire interest in aviation amongst Indonesian youth. The only example that was built was subsequently grounded. It was a single-seat monoplane of conventional layout with fixed tailwheel undercarriage.
WXER
WXER (104.5 FM) is a Hot AC radio station in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, which is owned by Midwest Communications. The station is licensed to the city of Plymouth and broadcasts from a tower southwest of the city.

The station also has a translator station with the calls W241AG broadcasting at 96.1 FM from the tower site behind the Midwest studios in Sheboygan, which was launched in June 2006 due to ongoing interference problems with WBFM and WHBZ within the city on the 104.5 frequency, along with summer co-channel interference with Muskegon, Michigan's WSNX-FM across Lake Michigan. The stations are marketed together as 104-5 & 96-1, The Point, with the call letters completely de-emphasized beyond station identification purposes.

WSNX-FM
WSNX-FM (104.5 MHz "104-5 SNX") is a top 40 (CHR) radio station located in Muskegon, in Western Michigan with the station serving the Grand Rapids metropolitan area and the rural areas to the north and west. It is one of two top 40/CHR stations in Grand Rapids along with WHTS. The studios are located at 77 Monroe Center in Downtown Grand Rapids while its transmitter is located near Sherman Blvd and Ensley Rd outside of Muskegon.
Henry Bentley (cricketer)
Henry Bentley (19 February 1782 – 18 September 1857) was an English cricketer who played for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), Middlesex and Hampshire in 67 matches from 1801 to 1822.

A professional player on the MCC staff, he was a right-handed batsman and an occasional wicketkeeper. He played for the Players in the inaugural Gentlemen v Players match in 1806.

When he retired from playing, he became an umpire and a cricket writer. He produced the comprehensively titled A Correct Account of all the Cricket Matches which have been played by the Mary-le-bone Club, and all other principal matches, from the Year 1786 to 1822 inclusive (1823), a facsimile edition of which was published in 1997, incorporating additional material by David Rayvern Allen.

David Rayvern Allen
David Leonard Rayvern Allen (5 February 1938 – 9 October 2014) was a cricket writer and historian, as well as a radio producer and presenter, a speaker and a musician. His radio productions won awards including the 1991 Prix Italia for Who Pays the Piper, a collaboration with Richard Stilgoe. He died aged 76 in 2014.
Bogdan Ridge
Bogdan Ridge (Rid Bogdan \'rid 'bog-dan\) is a conspicuous rocky ridge of elevation 440 m forming the northeast extremity of Breznik Heights, Greenwich Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  The ridge extends 1.3 km westwards from Santa Cruz Point and surmounts Gruev Cove to the south.

The feature is named after Bogdan Peak, the summit of Sredna Gora Mountain in Central Bulgaria.

Greenwich Island
Greenwich Island (variant historical names Sartorius Island, Berezina Island) is an island 24 km (15 mi) long and from 0.80 to 9.66 km (0.5 to 6 mi) (average 5.23 km or 3.25 mi) wide, lying between Robert Island and Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The island's surface area is 142.7 square kilometres (55.1 sq mi).  The name Greenwich Island dates back to at least 1821 and is now established in international usage.

The Chilean base Arturo Prat and the Ecuadorian base Pedro Vicente Maldonado are situated on the northeast and north coast of the island, respectively.

Chilean scientists have claimed that Amerinds visited the area, due to stone artifacts recovered from bottom-sampling operations off the island; however, the artefacts — two arrowheads  — were later found to have been planted.
Arvida, Quebec
Arvida (/ɑːrˈvaɪdə/ ar-VY-də) is a settlement of 12,000 people (2010) in Quebec, Canada, that is part of the City of Saguenay. Its name is derived from the name of its founder, Arthur Vining Davis, president of the Alcoa aluminum company.

Arvida was founded as an industrial city by Alcoa in 1927, when the first aluminum smelter was constructed. Located 240 kilometres (150 mi) north of Quebec City, south of the Saguenay River between Chicoutimi and Jonquière, the town was planned from the first day and was developed as a company town, to have a population of about 14,000 inhabitants, four Catholic parishes, and many other denominations, parishes and schools. It was known as "the City Built in 135 Days" and described by The New York Times as a "model town for working families" on "a North Canada steppe".

The smelter complex at Arvida was the largest aluminum plant in the world from 1943 to 1975 and they produced two-thirds of the aluminum used by the World War II Allied forces.

Chicoutimi
Chicoutimi (/ʃɪˈkuːtɪmi/ shih-KOO-tim-ee, French: [ʃikutimi]) is the most populous borough (arrondissement) of the city of Saguenay in Quebec, Canada.

It is situated at the confluence of the Saguenay and Chicoutimi rivers. During the 20th century, it became the main administrative and commercial centre of the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region. In 2002 it merged into the new city of Saguenay and forms the heart of the 5th-largest urban area of the province of Quebec. At the 2021 census, its population was 69,004.
Takht (music)
Takht (alternatively spelled Takhat) is the representative musical ensemble, the orchestra, of Middle Eastern music. In Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, and Jordan, the ensemble consists of the oud, the qanun, the kamanjah (or now alternatively violin), the ney, the riq, and the darabukkah .

The melody instruments may play heterophonically in octaves or perform solos. Instrumental forms include bashraf, sama'i, tahmilah, and dulab. The ensemble may be joined by a male or female vocalist and a group of four to six singers who provide the refrain sections. Vocal genres performed include dawr, muwashshah, layali, ma'luf, qasidah, and mawwal.

While the takht typically comprises between two and five musicians, a similar, but larger ensemble (numbering eight or more) is called a firqa in Arabic.

Layali
Layālī (ليالي) is a style of unmetered modal improvisation, based on a maqam, performed by a singing voice in Arabic music. It is similar to the taqsim, which is performed by a solo instrument.

The layali generally serves as an introduction to a mawwāl. In the layali, the singer most often improvises using the common Arabic phrase "Yā ‘ayn yā layl" (يا عين يا ليل), which means "O eye, O night."

The term layālī is the plural form of the word layl (ليل, meaning "night").
Flood Mythology of China
The Flood Mythology of China, or Great Flood of China (Chinese: 大洪水; pinyin: Dà Hóngshuǐ; also known as Chinese: 洪水; pinyin: Hóngshuǐ) is a deluge theme which happened in China. Derk Bodde (1961) stated that "from all mythological themes in ancient Chinese, the earliest and so far most pervasive is about flood." The mythology also has shared characteristics with other Great Floods all over the world, although it also has unique characteristics or different focuses. Lu Yilu (2002) groups all versions of great flood into three themes: "the heroes controls the flood; "brother-sister marriage to repopulate the world"; and "the flood which is drowning the whole city along with its citizens".

Emperor Yao
Emperor Yao (simplified Chinese: 尧; traditional Chinese: 堯; pinyin: Yáo; Wade–Giles: Yao2; traditionally c. 2356 – 2255 BCE) was a legendary Chinese ruler. He is considered by some sources as one of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors.
Bharatayuddha
Bharatayuddha (Sanskrit: भारतयुद्ध;, Bhāratayuddha) or Bharat Yudha (or similar) is a term used in Indonesia for the Kurukshetra War, and to describe the Javanese translation and interpretation of the Mahabharata. The Mahabharata was translated into Old Javanese under the reign of king Dharmawangsa of Medang (r. 990-1006). The current version was started by Sedah in 1157, and finished by mpu Panuluh.  Mpu Panuluh also wrote the Kakawin Hariwangsa.: 168

According to the Javanese tradition, the war between descendants of emperor Bharata was already destined by the gods long before the Pandavas and Kauravas were born.

Old Javanese
Old Javanese or Kawi is an Austronesian language and the oldest attested phase of the Javanese language. It was natively spoken in the central and eastern part of Java Island, what is now Central Java, Yogyakarta and East Java Provinces, Indonesia. 
As a literary language, Kawi was used across Java and on the islands of Madura, Bali, and Lombok.
Croydon North West (electoral division)
Croydon North West was an electoral division for the purposes of elections to the Greater London Council. The constituency elected one councillor for a four-year term in 1973, 1977 and 1981, with the final term extended for an extra year ahead of the abolition of the Greater London Council.

Greater London Council
The Greater London Council (GLC) was the top-tier local government administrative body for Greater London from 1965 to 1986. It replaced the earlier London County Council (LCC) which had covered a much smaller area. The GLC was dissolved in 1986 by the Local Government Act 1985 and its powers were devolved to the London boroughs and other entities. A new administrative body, known as the Greater London Authority (GLA), was established in 2000.
Magnolia, Massachusetts
Magnolia is a small village in Gloucester, located in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, on the Manchester-by-the-Sea town line in the southwestern part of the city. Straddling the town line between the two communities is Surf Park, a two-acre swath of land that has scenic views of Kettle Cove.

Magnolia has its own library, restaurants, and shops. Another feature of Magnolia is its beach, which goes by the official name Gray Beach and is a part of Coolidge Reservation. Union Congregational Church is located in Magnolia, as is Hammond Castle. The village has its own Women's Community Club, which has been in existence for over 60 years.

Manchester-by-the-Sea, Massachusetts
Manchester-by-the-Sea (also known simply as Manchester, its name prior to 1990) is a coastal town on Cape Ann, in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The town is known for scenic beaches and vista points. According to the 2020 population census, the population is 5,395.

The town lies on the southern side of Cape Ann, at the point where the peninsula meets the mainland.  The North Shore was populated by the Agawam people prior to European settlement, which began in 1629, about a decade after an epidemic killed much of the native people.  Fishing was the major industry in the town almost from its incorporation in 1645, but in the mid-19th century it began to grow as a popular seaside resort community.  The town has appeared, either by name or as a filming location, in a number of films and TV shows, notably the eponymous 2016 film Manchester by the Sea.
Bodybuilding supplement
Bodybuilding supplements are dietary supplements commonly used by those involved in bodybuilding, weightlifting, mixed martial arts, and athletics for the purpose of facilitating an increase in lean body mass. Bodybuilding supplements may contain ingredients that are advertised to increase a person's muscle, body weight, athletic performance, and decrease a person's percent body fat for desired muscle definition. Among the most widely used are high protein drinks, pre-workout blends and caffeinated energy drinks, branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), glutamine, arginine, essential fatty acids, creatine, HMB, whey protein, ZMA, and weight loss products. Supplements are sold either as single ingredient preparations or in the form of "stacks" – proprietary blends of various supplements marketed as offering synergistic advantages.

ZMA (supplement)
ZMA (zinc monomethionine aspartate, magnesium aspartate and vitamin B6) is a supplement marketed towards athletes, gymnasts, and bodybuilders. It was developed by Victor Conte (founder of BALCO Laboratories in Burlingame, California).
The Aftermath (Da Youngsta's album)
The Aftermath is the second studio album by the American hip hop group Da Youngsta's. It was released on April 20, 1993 via EastWest Records America. Recording sessions took place at Sigma Sound Studios in Philadelphia, Platinum Island Studio, Greene Street Studio, Unique Recording Studios, Another House Of Hits Joint, East Hill Studios and D&D Studios in New York City. Production was handled by Q Ball, The Beatnuts, 118th Street Productions, Marley Marl, Pete Rock, DJ Premier and L.G. The Teacher. It features guest appearances from CL Smooth, Lt. Stitchie, Pete Rock and Treach.

In the United States, the album peaked at number 126 on the Billboard 200, number 25 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 4 on the Heatseekers Albums charts. It was supported with three singles: "Crewz Pop", "Iz U wit Me" and "Wild Child". The album also has a notably more aggressive and edgy tone compared to their first effort.

Sigma Sound Studios
Sigma Sound Studios was an American independent recording studio in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, founded in 1968 by recording engineer Joseph Tarsia. Located at 212 North 12th Street in Philadelphia, Sigma Sound is closely associated with Philadelphia soul, and was the location of numerous recordings of Gamble and Huff's Philadelphia International Records, the group of session musicians known as MFSB, and producer Thom Bell.

Sigma Sound is credited with well over 200 gold and platinum awards with an extensive client list that includes Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes, The O'Jays, The Spinners, MFSB, David Bowie, Teddy Pendergrass, Patti LaBelle, The Jacksons, The Roots and others.

From 1977 through 1988, the studios also operated a New York City location in the Ed Sullivan Theater building, which hosted recording projects by artists including Talking Heads, Madonna, the Ramones, Aretha Franklin, and the B-52s.
Hadwiger–Nelson problem
In geometric graph theory, the Hadwiger–Nelson problem, named after Hugo Hadwiger and Edward Nelson, asks for the minimum number of colors required to color the plane such that no two points at distance 1 from each other have the same color. The answer is unknown, but has been narrowed down to one of the numbers 5, 6 or 7. The correct value may depend on the choice of axioms for set theory.

Gil Kalai
Gil Kalai (Hebrew: גיל קלעי; born 1955) is an Israeli mathematician and computer scientist. He is the Henry and Manya Noskwith Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, professor of computer science at the Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, and adjunct professor of mathematics and of computer science at Yale University, United States.
Coker Ice Rise
Coker Ice Rise (69°4′S 67°8′W﻿ / ﻿69.067°S 67.133°W﻿ / -69.067; -67.133) is a small ice rise in Wordie Ice Shelf, 6 nautical miles (11 km) west-northwest of the Triune Peaks, Fallières Coast. It was photographed from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, and surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, 1958. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Walter B. Coker, U.S. Navy, radioman, Palmer Station winter party, 1969.

Wordie Ice Shelf
The Wordie Ice Shelf (69°15′S 67°45′W﻿ / ﻿69.250°S 67.750°W﻿ / -69.250; -67.750) was a confluent glacier projecting as an ice shelf into the SE part of Marguerite Bay between Cape Berteaux and Mount Edgell, along the western coast of Antarctic Peninsula.

In March 2008, the British Antarctic Survey reported that it appeared ready to break away from the Antarctic Peninsula. By April 2009 it had done so, vanishing completely.

Discovered by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill, 1934–37, who named this feature for Sir James Wordie, Honorary Secretary (later President) of the Royal Geographical Society, member of the Discovery Committee, and chairman of the Scott Polar Research Institute. He also had been geologist and Chief of the Scientific Staff of the British expedition, 1914–16, under Ernest Shackleton.
Hershel W. Williams
Hershel Woodrow "Woody" Williams (October 2, 1923 – June 29, 2022) was a United States Marine Corps Reserve warrant officer and United States Department of Veterans Affairs veterans service representative who received the Medal of Honor, the United States military's highest decoration for valor, for heroism above and beyond the call of duty during the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II. Williams was the last living Medal of Honor recipient from World War II.

Pillbox (military)
A pillbox is a type of blockhouse, or concrete dug-in guard-post, often camouflaged, normally equipped with  loopholes through which defenders can fire weapons. It is in effect a  trench firing step, hardened to protect against small-arms fire and grenades, and raised to improve the field of fire.

The modern concrete pillbox originated on the  Western Front of World War I, in the  German Army
in 1916.
Gautham Vasudev Menon's unrealized projects
During his career, Indian film director Gautham Vasudev Menon has worked on a number of projects which never progressed beyond the production stage under his direction. Some of these projects fell in development hell, were officially canceled, or would see life under a different production team.

Ishari K. Ganesh
Ishari K. Ganesh (pronounced as Ai-sari) is the founder, chairman and chancellor of Vels University in Chennai, India. He founded the Vel's Educational Trust in 1992 in the memory of his late father Isari Velan, a former Member of Legislative Assembly in the state government of M. G. Ramachandran.

He was the President of the Pachaiyappa's Trust board (2011-2014). He was the Secretary of the consortium of Colleges affiliated to Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University (2007-2009).

Ganesh is also the founder and chairman of Vels Film International, which produces films in Tamil cinema.