hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Internet Control Message Protocol
The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is a supporting protocol in the Internet protocol suite. It is used by network devices, including routers, to send error messages and operational information indicating success or failure when communicating with another IP address. For example, an error is indicated when a requested service is not available or that a host or router could not be reached. ICMP differs from transport protocols such as TCP and UDP in that it is not typically used to exchange data between systems, nor is it regularly employed by end-user network applications (with the exception of some diagnostic tools like ping and traceroute).

A separate Internet Control Message Protocol (called ICMPv6) is used with IPv6.

Gateway (telecommunications)
A gateway is a piece of networking hardware or software used in telecommunications networks that allows data to flow from one discrete network to another. Gateways are distinct from routers or switches in that they communicate using more than one protocol to connect multiple networks and can operate at any of the seven layers of the OSI model.

The term gateway can also loosely refer to a computer or computer program configured to perform the tasks of a gateway, such as a default gateway or router, and in the case of HTTP, gateway is also often used as a synonym for reverse proxy. It can also refer to a device installed in homes that combines router and modem functionality into one device, used by ISPs, also called a residential gateway.
1991 Galway County Council election
An election to Galway County Council took place on 27 June 1991 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 30 councillors were elected from five local electoral areas (LEAs) for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). This term was extended twice, first to 1998, then to 1999.

1991 Irish local elections
The 1991 Irish local elections were held in all administrative counties and county boroughs, the top tier of local government areas in Ireland, on Thursday, 27 June 1991.

The elections were postponed from June 1990. This allowed for the enactment of the Local Government Act 1991 prior to the vote. They were the first local elections contested by the Progressive Democrats, which had been founded in December 1985, and the first since Sinn Féin registered as a political party in December 1986.

There was a second tier of boroughs, urban districts and towns with boards of commissioners. Elections in non-county boroughs and towns were postponed until 1994.
Parish of Woombup
Woombup is a remote civil parish of Yantara County in far North West New South Wales, located at 30°12′49″S 142°32′44″E.

The Geography, of the parish is mostly the flat, arid landscape of the Channel Country. The parish has a Köppen climate classification of BWh (Hot desert).

The nearest town is Tibooburra to the north west, which is on the Silver City Highway and lies south of the Sturt National Park.

Sturt National Park
The Sturt National Park is a protected national park that is located in the arid far north-western corner of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 325,329-hectare (803,910-acre) national park is situated approximately 1,060 kilometres (660 mi) northwest of Sydney and the nearest town is Tibooburra, 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) away.

Established in 1972, the park is named in honour of Charles Sturt, a colonial  explorer. The park features typical outback scenery of flat, reddish-brown landscapes. It was resumed from five pastoral properties. The Sturt National Park was featured in British documentary called Planet Earth. The Dingo Fence was built along the national park's northern boundary.
Nasty Crew
Nasty Crew (commonly stylised as N.A.S.T.Y., a backronym for Natural Artistic Sounds Touching You) was a British grime crew from East London, with its members primarily from Newham. The group was founded by DJ Marcus Nasty and MCs Sharky Major and Stormin in 1999, and its membership underwent frequent changes in the following years, with most artists forming or joining successor crews by 2006. It is regarded as a pioneering collective within grime music history and several of its former members have charted in the United Kingdom, including Kano, Ghetts, D Double E, and Jammer.

Jungle music
Jungle is a genre of electronic music that developed in the 1990s out of the UK rave scene and Jamaican sound system culture. Emerging from breakbeat hardcore, the style is characterised by rapid breakbeats, heavily syncopated percussive loops, samples and synthesised effects, combined with the deep basslines, melodies and vocal samples found in dub, reggae and dancehall, as well as hip-hop and funk. Many producers frequently sampled the "Amen break" or other breakbeats from funk and jazz recordings. Jungle was a direct precursor to the drum and bass genre which emerged in the mid-1990s.
Inverell railway line
The Inverell railway line is a closed railway line in New South Wales, Australia. The line branches from the Mungindi line at Moree and travels in an easterly direction through the town of Gravesend then Warialda Rail, gradually increasing in elevation through Delungra towards the terminus at Inverell. An initial estimate of its intended length was 96 miles 35 chains (155.2 km). The line opened in February 1900 as far as Gravesend, then more of the line in 1901 before the Gwydir River bridge was finally finished and the line completed in 1902. It was progressively closed between 1987 and 1994. Currently a 5 km (3.1 mi) section at the Moree end remains in use as a siding for the storage of railway wagons. On 8 August 2016, The NSW Government announced that a 2.8km section of the railway would be reinstated to allow grain to be sent by rail, as part of the Fixing Country Rail pilot round. Up to $2 million was allocated for the project.

Mungindi railway line
The Mungindi railway line is a railway line in northern New South Wales, Australia. It branches from the Main North line at Werris Creek station and heads north-west through the towns of Gunnedah and Narrabri before reaching Moree which for many years was the railhead before the extension to Mungindi was constructed. The line is currently truncated to Weemelah between Moree and Mungindi. Passenger trains still operate to Moree, and goods trains (mainly wheat) operate to Camurra. As of 1 September 2009, services have been suspended between Camurra and Weemelah. The line between Werris Creek and Moree is also known as the North-West line.
Nahrawan Canal
The Nahrawan Canal (Persian: کانال نهروان) was a major irrigation system of the Sasanian and early Islamic periods in central Iraq, along the eastern banks of the Tigris and the lower course of the Diyala River. Created in the 6th century, it reached its peak under the Abbasid Caliphate, when it served the main water supply for the Abbasid capital of Baghdad, while the regions irrigated by it served as the city's main breadbasket. Its destruction and progressive abandonment from the mid-10th century onwards mirror the Abbasid Caliphate's decline.

Hugh N. Kennedy
Hugh Nigel Kennedy (born 22 October 1947) is a British medievalist and academic. He specialises in the history of the early Islamic Middle East, Muslim Iberia and the Crusades. From 1997 to 2007, he was Professor of Middle Eastern History at the University of St Andrews. Since 2007, he has been Professor of Arabic at SOAS, University of London.
Tin Fu stop
Tin Fu (Chinese: 天富) is an MTR Light Rail stop. It is located at the ground of Tin Shui Road, next to Tin Fu Court, in Tin Shui Wai, Yuen Long District. The distance between it and Chung Fu stop is the shortest in the current Light Rail system. It began service on 7 December 2003 and belongs to Zone 5A.

Tin Shui Wai
Tin Shui Wai New Town is a satellite town in the northwestern New Territories of Hong Kong. Originally a gei wai (基圍) fish pond area, it was developed in the 1980s as the second new town in Yuen Long District and the eighth in Hong Kong. It is 25 kilometres (16 mi) due northwest of Central, the main business area in the territory, on land reclaimed from low-lying areas south of Deep Bay, next to Ping Shan. The population was 283,595 as of 2021.
Castle Fortress of Almeida
The Castle/Fortress of Almeida (Portuguese: Castelo e Fortaleza de Almeida) is a castle situated in the civil parish of Almeida, in the municipality of Almeida in the Portuguese district of Guarda, in the former-northwestern province of Beira Alta. It was constructed in this region due to its significant strategic importance, due to its close proximity to the border between Portugal and Spain.  It is classified as a National Monument.
The 1810 explosion: the magazine which was the seat of the explosion was in the cathedral adjacent to the castle, not the castle itself as reported in the text.

Jean-Andoche Junot
Jean-Andoche Junot, Duke of Abrantès (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃.n‿ɑ̃dɔʃ ʒyno]; 25 September 1771 – 29 July 1813) was a French military officer who served in the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He is best known for leading the French invasion of Portugal in 1807.
Ciudad Deportiva de Buñol
The Ciutat Esportiva de Bunyol, is the training ground of the Primera Division club Levante UD. Located in the municipality of Bunyol 40 km west of València, it was opened in 2003.

The construction of the training centre started on 27 September 2002 by the efforts of the club president Antonio Blasco. Almost a year later on 26 June 2003, the Ciutat Esportiva was officially opened.

It occupies an area of 95,000 m2.

Buñol
Buñol is a town and municipality in the province of Valencia, Spain. The municipality has an area of some 112 km2, and is situated approximately 38 km west of the provincial and autonomous community capital city, Valencia. It lies along the Buñol River and is surrounded by the mountain ranges La Sierra de Las Cabrillas, la Sierra de Dos Aguas and la Sierra de Malacara y Martés.

The local economic base is a mixture of the industrial and the agricultural (carob trees, almond trees, fruit trees, olive trees and grapes).

Buñol's population is about 9,000.

Buñol has regional rail passenger service to Valencia via the Renfe system.

Every year upwards of 40,000 people gather in the town to throw over 115,000 kilograms of tomatoes at each other in the yearly La Tomatina festival. The festival is a popular sight, and many European tourists visit the town to participate in it.

Near the town are the training grounds and facilities of football club Levante UD.
Siege of Azov (1696)
The siege of Azov was a military campaign organized by the Russian Tsar Peter I (Peter the Great) against the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700). The siege was aimed at capturing the strategically important Azov Fortress as part of Russia's aim to reach the Black Sea.

In 1695, the first siege attempt failed because the Russian army lacked sufficient naval support. Learning from this experience, Peter I had a navy built on the Don River and laid siege to the Azov Fortress from both land and sea in 1696. The Ottoman garrison in the fortress surrendered on August 6, 1696, unable to resist the intense Russian bombardment and blockade.

The capture of Azov Fortress by Russia posed a serious threat to the Ottoman Empire in the Black Sea. This situation led the Ottoman Empire to efforts to create a defense line in the Black Sea and accelerated the fortification of the fortresses in the region.

Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700)
The Russo-Turkish War of 1686–1700 was part of the joint European effort to confront the Ottoman Empire. The larger European conflict was known as the Great Turkish War.

The Russo-Turkish War began after the Tsardom of Russia joined the European anti-Turkish coalition (Habsburg monarchy, Poland–Lithuania, Venice) in 1686, after Poland-Lithuania agreed to recognize Russian incorporation of Kiev and the left bank of Ukraine.
Queen's South Africa Medal
The Queen's South Africa Medal is a British campaign medal awarded to British and Colonial military personnel, and to civilians employed in an official capacity, who served in the Second Boer War in South Africa. Altogether twenty-six clasps were awarded, to indicate participation in particular actions and campaigns.

Battle of the Tugela Heights
The Battle of Tugela (or Thukela) Heights, also known as the Battle of Pieters Hill, Battle of the Pieters, or the Battle of the Tugela River, consisted of a series of military actions lasting from 14 February through to 27 February 1900 in which General Sir Redvers Buller's British army forced Louis Botha's Boer army to lift the Siege of Ladysmith during the Second Boer War.
Nemcha Kipgen
Nemcha Kipgen (born 1 November 1965) is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party serving as Deputy Chief Minister of Manipur alongside Losii Dikho since 2026. Kipgen has been a member of the Manipur Legislative Assembly from the Kangpokpi constituency since 2017. She was the Minister for Social Welfare and Cooperation during 2017–2020 in First Biren Singh ministry. She was the Cabinet Minister for Textile, Commerce and Industry in Second Biren Singh ministry. On February 4 2026 Nemcha Kipgen as Deputy Chief Minister of Manipur along with Losii Dikho the Legislative Party Leader of Naga People's Front  who was also appointed as Deputy Chief Minister of Manipur .

Kuki people
The Kuki people, or Kuki-Zo people, are an ethnic group in the Northeastern Indian states of Manipur, Nagaland, Assam,  Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram, as well as the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh and Myanmar. The Kukis form one of the largest hill tribe communities in this region. In Northeast India, they are present in all states except Arunachal Pradesh. The Chin people of Myanmar and the Mizo people of Mizoram are kindred tribes of the Kukis. Collectively, they are termed the Zo people.

Some fifty tribes of Kuki peoples in India are recognised as scheduled tribes in India, based on the dialect spoken by that particular Kuki community as well as their region of origin.
John Leland Center for Theological Studies
The John Leland Center for Theological Studies, known as Leland Seminary, is an American nondenominational theological institute in the Baptist tradition based in Arlington County, Virginia, with several satellite locations elsewhere in Virginia. Leland is partnered with the Baptist General Association of Virginia and the District of Columbia Baptist Convention, though the center has ties with a range of denominations and churches. Leland is a member of the Washington Theological Consortium.

The center's namesake, John Leland, was an 18th- and 19th-century Baptist minister in the United States who was a proponent of the separation of church and state and an opponent of theological seminaries.: 235

Baptist General Association of Virginia
The Baptist General Association of Virginia (BGAV), founded in 1823, is an umbrella organization of Baptist churches in Virginia. It is affiliated with the Southern Baptist Convention and the Baptist World Alliance.
2014 NCAA Division III men's ice hockey tournament
The 2014 NCAA Division III Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the culmination of the 2013–14 season, the 31st such tournament in NCAA history. It concluded with St. Norbert defeating Wisconsin–Stevens Point in the championship game 3-1. All first round and quarterfinal matchups were held at home team venues, while all succeeding games were played at the Androscoggin Bank Colisée in Lewiston, Maine.

For the first time since its inception in 1984, no team from ECAC West made the tournament.

The Colisée
The Colisée, formerly Androscoggin Bank Colisée, Central Maine Youth Center, Central Maine Civic Center, and Lewiston Colisee, is a 4,000 capacity (3,677 seated) multi-purpose arena, in Lewiston, Maine, United States that was built from 1956 to 1958 and opened in the latter year to replace the Dominics Regional High School Arena and was initially constructed and operated by the Catholic parish of SS. Peter and Paul. Notably, it was used as a replacement venue for the boxing match between Muhammad Ali and Sonny Liston in 1965.

Currently, it is the home of the Maine Nordiques of the North American Hockey League. The Colisée is also used for concerts, conventions and trade shows. There is 17,000 square feet (1600 m2) of exhibit space. For conventions, it can accommodate up to 4,800 patrons.
Mike Michalson
Gordon E. "Mike" Michalson Jr. is a past president of New College of Florida. He was appointed on January 7, 2003, selected by the board of trustees in a 13-month national search. Michalson, Professor of Humanities at New College, served as Acting President from July 14, 2001, to Sept. 29, 2001 and as president from Sept. 30, 2001 to June 30, 2012. He served as Dean and Warden of the school from 1992 to 1997 (when it was known as New College of the University of South Florida). Prior to that, he taught at Oberlin College for 15 years, where he chaired the Department of Religion. He continues to teach at New College.

Michalson is an Immanuel Kant scholar, producing two secondary works on Kant's religious thought: Fallen Freedom:  Kant on Radical Evil and Moral Regeneration and Kant and the Problem of God.

Michalson counts Jeffrey Stout and Cornel West among his friends. The three attended Princeton together.

Jeffrey Stout
Jeffrey Lee Stout (born September 11, 1950) is an American religious studies scholar who is Professor Emeritus of Religion at Princeton University. He is a member of the Department of Religion, and is associated with the departments of Philosophy and Politics, the Center for the Study of Religion, and the Center for Human Values.  His works focus on the possibility of ethical discourse in a religiously pluralistic society. He served as president of the American Academy of Religion in 2007.
Czech Junior Mixed Doubles Curling Championship
The Czech Junior Mixed Doubles Curling Championship (Czech: MČR mixed doubles juniorů) is the national championship of mixed doubles curling (one man and one woman) in the Czech Republic. Junior level curlers must be under the age of 21. It has been held annually since the 2024–2025 season and organised by the Czech Curling Association.

Doubles curling
Doubles curling (most commonly seen as mixed doubles) is a variation of the sport of curling with only two players on each team.  Mixed doubles is the most common format of doubles curling, where the term 'mixed' specifies that each team is composed of one man and one woman. The term mixed is also used to describe a specific format of 4-person team curling where the team consists of two men and two women and the throwing order alternates genders, see mixed team.

With its smaller teams and quicker games, doubles curling has provided an opportunity for more countries to participate in international competition. At the 2019 World Mixed Doubles Championship 48 of the 61 World Curling member countries were represented, including the first international curling competition for Kosovo, Ukraine, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, and Mexico.
1990 French Open – Mixed doubles
The mixed doubles tournament at the 1990 French Open was held from 28 May until 10 June 1990 on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. Jorge Lozano and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario won the title, defeating Danie Visser and Nicole Provis in the final.

1990 French Open
The 1990 French Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The tournament was held from 28 May until 10 June. It was the 89th staging of the French Open, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1990.
Salters Steamers
Salters Steamers, formerly known as Salter Bros, is a family  boating firm on the River Thames, founded in Oxford in 1858. Prior to that the family operated a riverside tavern in Wandsworth, having moved there around 1836. The company runs passenger services in summer along the length of the River Thames between Oxford and Staines.  They also hire boats from Oxford (at Folly Bridge), Reading, Henley-on-Thames and Windsor. In Oxford in particular, punts are available.

Punt (boat)
A punt is a flat-bottomed boat with a square-cut bow, designed for use in small rivers and shallow water. Punting is boating in a punt; the punter propels the punt by pushing against the river bed with a pole. Punts were originally built as cargo boats and as platforms for fowling and for fishing, such as angling; whereas now punting is boating for pleasure.

The term punt also refers to smaller versions of regional types of long shore work boats, such as the Deal galley punt, a square-sterned, lapstrake open-boat rigged with a single dipping lugsail, used for salvage and rescue work off a beach. In coastal communities, punt refers to any small clinker-built, open-stem, general-purpose boat. In Canada, the term punt refers to any small, flat-bottomed boat with a square-cut bow, regardless of navigational purpose, building material, or means of propulsion. In Australia, the term punt is used to refer to cable ferries. In Maine, Punt can be used interchangeably with dinghy.
Ana Bagration-Gruzinsky
Princess Ana Bagration-Gruzinsky (Georgian: ანა ბაგრატიონ-გრუზინსკი; born 1 November 1976) is a royal princess and senior heir of the Gruzinsky branch of the Bagrationi dynasty, which is one of the two branches that claim the right to the crown of Georgia. The other claimant is her former husband David Bagration of Mukhrani, with whom she had a son Giorgi, who is their common heir apparent.

Batonishvili
Batonishvili (Georgian: ბატონიშვილი, lit. 'a child of a lord or sovereign') is a title for royal princes and princesses who descend from the Kings of Georgia from the Bagrationi dynasty.

Batonishvili is suffixed after or before the given names e.g. David Batonishvili or Batonishvili Ioane, etc.
Villa Literno
Villa Literno is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Naples and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Caserta.

Villa Literno borders the following municipalities: Cancello e Arnone, Casal di Principe, Castel Volturno, Giugliano in Campania, San Cipriano d'Aversa.

Casal di Principe
Casal di Principe (Campanian: Casale 'i Princepe or simply Casale) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region of Campania, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Naples and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Caserta. It has a population of approximately 21,000 people. The town is located on the territory of Agro aversano - a rural area with 19 comunes spread on its land, and is directly linked to the comune of San Cipriano d'Aversa.

Casal di Principe is also known for the export of buffalo mozzarella and organised crime.
Girdle Ness Lighthouse
Girdle Ness Lighthouse (or Girdleness Lighthouse) is situated near Torry Battery on the Girdle Ness peninsula just south of the entrance to Aberdeen's harbour, in Scotland. It is an active light, managed by the Northern Lighthouse Board.

Torry Battery
The Torry Battery (formerly referred to as Torry Point Battery) is an artillery battery near Torry in Aberdeen, Scotland, which has overlooked the city's harbour since 1860. It was originally constructed for nine guns with a defensible barracks at the rear. In 1881 the battery mounted three 10-inch Smooth bore guns and five 68-Pounder Smooth bore guns.

The battery was adapted for two 6-inch Breech Loading (BL) guns which were mounted by 1906. These were used for practise by the local artillery volunteer unit, the 1st Aberdeenshire Royal Garrison Artillery (Volunteers).

Both guns were operational during the First World War.

During the First and Second World Wars it was used to defend the city and was finally decommissioned in 1956. It is now a scheduled monument.