hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phacoemulsification
Phacoemulsification is a cataract surgery method in which the internal lens of the eye which has developed a cataract is emulsified with the tip of an ultrasonic handpiece and aspirated from the eye. Aspirated fluids are replaced with irrigation of balanced salt solution to maintain the volume of the anterior chamber during the procedure. This procedure minimises the incision size and reduces the recovery time and risk of surgery-induced astigmatism.

It is best suited to relatively soft cataracts, where the ultrasonic energy required is moderate, and insertion of foldable intraocular prosthetic lenses, which take advantage of the small incision possible. It is the most common procedure for cataract removal in the developed world, with an excellent prognosis in uncomplicated cases.

Macular edema
Macular edema occurs when fluid and protein deposits collect on or under the macula of the eye (a yellow central area of the retina) and causes it to thicken and swell (edema). The swelling may distort a person's central vision, because the macula holds tightly packed cones that provide sharp, clear, central vision to enable a person to see detail, form, and color that is directly in the centre of the field of view.
Swapnote
Swapnote, known as Nintendo Letter Box in Europe and Australia, and Suddenly Exchange Diary in Japanese, is a messaging application exclusive to the Nintendo 3DS. It was released in December 2011 on the Nintendo eShop. Swapnote was the successor to PictoChat for the Nintendo DS.

SpotPass and StreetPass
SpotPass and StreetPass are communication systems first introduced in the Nintendo 3DS, with the former later being incorporated into the Wii U home video game console. SpotPass delivered content over the Internet while StreetPass uses local Wi-Fi functionality to exchange data between 3DS systems.
2024 Action Gatineau leadership election
The 2024 Action Gatineau leadership election was to take place on April 15, 2024, to elect a leader to replace Maude Marquis-Bissonnette, who resigned on December 22, 2021, after the 2021 Gatineau municipal election, which, despite the party gaining a seat on city council by winning the newly created district of Mitigomijokan, saw Marquis-Bissonnette lose the mayoralty to France Bélisle.

Marquis-Bissonnette won the election on April 10 after no other candidate registered to run.

Hull–Wright District
45°25′55″N 75°43′37″W﻿ / ﻿45.432°N 75.727°W﻿ / 45.432; -75.727

Hull–Wright District (District 7) is a municipal electoral division in the city of Gatineau, Quebec. From 2001 to 2009 it was known as Hull District and from 2009 to 2013 as Hull–Val-Tétreau. It is represented on Gatineau City Council by Steve Moran of Action Gatineau.

The district is located in the Hull sector of the city. It includes all of Downtown Hull plus part of the neighbourhood of Wrightville.

From 2009 to 2013, it also included Val-Tétreau, Jardins Mackenzie-King and Jardins Alexandre-Taché.

Prior to the 2009 election, the district did not include Val-Tétreau, or Jardins Alexandre-Taché, and only the eastern half of Jardins Mackenzie-King. The district also included the southern end of Wrightville, south of Rue St-Jean-Bosco. The added parts came from Val-Tétreau District, which was abolished. Despite the name being added, only a small part of Val-Tétreau joined Hull.
Allan Shivers Library and Museum
The Allan Shivers Library and Museum is located at 302 N. Charlton, in the city of Woodville, in the county of Tyler, in the U.S. state of Texas. The structure is a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark. The museum serves as a repository of historical records and memorabilia of the 37th Governor of Texas. It also houses Woodville's public library.

Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Recorded Texas Historic Landmark (RTHL) is a designation awarded by the Texas Historical Commission for historically and architecturally significant properties in the U.S. state of Texas. RTHL is a legal designation and the highest honor the state can bestow on a historic structure. Purchase and display of a historical marker is a required component of the RTHL designation process. Because it is a legal designation, owners of RTHL-designated structures must give 60 days' notice before any alterations are made to the exterior of the structure. Changes that are unsympathetic may result in removal of the designation and historical marker. More than 3,600 RTHL structures are spread throughout the state.
Carrefour Laval
Carrefour Laval (corporately styled as "CF Carrefour Laval") is a superregional shopping mall in Laval, Quebec, Canada. It is located in the Chomedey neighbourhood of the city at the intersection of Laurentian Autoroute (A-15) and Autoroute Jean-Noël-Lavoie (A-440).

At 115,478 m2 or 1,242,990 sq ft, it is both the largest enclosed shopping centre in the Greater Montreal area and the largest mall operating on a single floor in all of Quebec. Virtually untouched by the ongoing decline of indoor malls, it typically ranks among the top shopping centres in Quebec for its number of visitors as well as sales per 1 sq ft (0.093 m2) and has been home to many retail firsts in the province.

Eaton's
The T. Eaton Company Limited, later known as Eaton's, was a Canadian department store chain that was once the largest in the country. It was founded in 1869 in Toronto by Timothy Eaton, an immigrant from what is now Northern Ireland. Eaton's grew to become a retail and social institution in Canada, with stores across the country, buying-offices around the globe, and a mail-order catalog that was found in the homes of most Canadians. A changing economic and retail environment in the late twentieth century, along with mismanagement, culminated in the chain's bankruptcy in 1999.

Eaton's pioneered several retail innovations. In an era when haggling for goods was the norm, the chain proclaimed "We propose to sell our goods for CASH ONLY – In selling goods, to have only one price." In addition, it had the long-standing slogan "Goods Satisfactory or Money Refunded."
Buildings and sites of Salt Lake City
Salt Lake City, Utah has many historic and notable sites within its immediate borders. Although the entire Salt Lake City metropolitan area is often referred to as "Salt Lake City", this article is concerned only with the buildings and sites within the official city limits of Salt Lake City.

Downtown Salt Lake City
Downtown (also called City Center) is the oldest district in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The grid from which the entire city is laid out originates at Temple Square, the location of the Salt Lake Temple.
Clause (logic)
In logic, a clause is a propositional formula formed from a finite collection of literals (atoms or their negations) and logical connectives. A clause is true either whenever at least one of the literals that form it is true (a disjunctive clause, the most common use of the term), or when all of the literals that form it are true (a conjunctive clause, a less common use of the term). That is, it is a finite disjunction or conjunction of literals, depending on the context.  Clauses are usually written as follows, where the symbols  are literals:

Propositional formula
In propositional logic, a propositional formula is a type of syntactic formula which is well formed. If the values of all variables in a propositional formula are given, it determines a unique truth value. A propositional formula may also be called a propositional expression, a sentence, or a sentential formula.

A propositional formula is constructed from simple propositions, such as "five is greater than three" or propositional variables such as p and q, using connectives or logical operators such as NOT, AND, OR, or IMPLIES; for example:

(p AND NOT q) IMPLIES (p OR q).

In mathematics, a propositional formula is often more briefly referred to as a "proposition", but, more precisely, a propositional formula is not a proposition but a formal expression that denotes a proposition, a formal object under discussion, just like an expression such as "x + y" is not a value, but denotes a value. In some contexts, maintaining the distinction may be of importance.
Henderson, Colorado
Henderson, formerly known as Henderson Island, is an unincorporated community and a U.S. Post Office in Adams County, Colorado, United States. Henderson has the ZIP Code 80640. Portions of the Henderson area have been annexed by  Commerce City, Brighton, and Thornton.

A post office called Henderson has been in operation since 1894.  The community was named after John D. "Colonel Jack" Henderson.

Thornton, Colorado
Thornton is a home rule city located in Adams and Weld counties, Colorado, United States. The city population was 141,867, all in Adams County, at the 2020 United States census, an increase of 19.44% since the 2010 United States census. Thornton is the sixth-most-populous city in Colorado and the 191st-most-populous city in the United States. Thornton is 10 miles (16 km) north of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver and is a part of the Denver-Aurora-Greeley, CO Combined Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor.
Church of the Holy Trinity, Kraljevo
The Church of the Holy Trinity (Serbian: Саборна црква Свете Тројице) in Kraljevo is Serbian Orthodox cathedral in Serbia, serving as the seat of the Eparchy of Žiča. The church built between 1822 and 1824, was founded by Prince Miloš Obrenović as one of his notable endowments. He selected a location for the church in Karanovac, now Kraljevo, near the location where the Second Serbian Uprising was initiated.

Kraljevo
Kraljevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Краљево, pronounced [krǎːʎɛʋɔ] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of the Raška District in central Serbia. It is situated on the confluence of West Morava and Ibar, in the geographical region of Šumadija, between the mountains of Kotlenik in the north, and Stolovi in the south.

In 2022, the city urban area has a population of 57,432 inhabitants, while the city administrative area has 110,196 inhabitants. With an area of 1530 km2, it is the largest municipality (after Belgrade) in Serbia by area.
Supreme Court of Nepal
The Supreme Court of Nepal (Nepali: नेपालको सर्वोच्च अदालत, romanized: Nēpālakō sarvōcca adālata) is the highest court in Nepal. It is designated as the court of record by the Constitution of Nepal. It has appellate jurisdiction over decisions of the seven High Courts (including eleven Benches of the High Courts) and extraordinary original jurisdiction. The court consists of twenty judges and a chief justice.

Judiciary
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
Relli Veedhi
Relli Veedhi is a neighborhood situated on the central part of Visakhapatnam City, India. The area, which falls under the local administrative limits of Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation, is about 4 km from the Dwaraka Nagar which is city centre. Relli veedhi is located very near to Jagadamba Centre which is primary shopping area to city and this area popularly known for smuggled goods in the city. and Relli Veedhi comes under 23 Ward in Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation.

Dwaraka Nagar
Dwaraka Nagar is a locality in Visakhapatnam of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is one of the main commercial areas in the city. It is a hub for many shopping malls, educational institutes, hotels, lodges, food courts, restaurants, coaching centers etc.
Foreign relations of Bolivia
Bolivia traditionally has maintained normal diplomatic relations with all hemispheric states except Chile. Foreign relations are handled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, headed by the Chancellor of Bolivia, Rogelio Mayta.

Foreign Minister of Bolivia
The Foreign Minister of Bolivia (Spanish: Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores; informally Canciller) is the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The current minister is Fernando Aramayo since 9 November 2025 , whose predecessor  Celinda Sosa Lunda was appointed by then- president Luis Arce in November 2023.
Innaba
'Innaba (Arabic: عنابة), also spelled 'Annaba, was a Palestinian village in the Ramle Subdistrict of Mandatory Palestine. It was depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War on July 10, 1948 by the Yiftach and Eighth Brigades of Operation Dani. It was located 7 km east of Ramla.

Ramle Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Ramle Subdistrict was  one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was part of Lydda District of the British Mandate of Palestine. The sub-district's main city was Ramle. Its total population in 1944 was estimated at 123,490, of which 88,560 were Muslims; 29,420 were Jews; and 5,500 were Christians. A number of Palestinian Arab villages in the subdistrict were ethnically cleansed during the Nakba, both by Zionist forces prior to the Israeli declaration of independence and after by Israeli forces. Following the war the area that had made up Ramla Subdistrict became a part of Israel's Central District, being mostly subdivided between a newly created Ramla Subdistrict and Rehovot Subdistrict.
1935 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1935 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 35th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897.

Erin's Own were the defending champions.

Erin's Own won the championship after a 4–07 to 2–04 defeat of Tallow in the final. This was their 9th championship title overall and their 9th title in succession.

1897 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1897 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board.

Ballytruckle won the championship.
2-Pyrone
2-Pyrone (α-pyrone or pyran-2-one) is an unsaturated cyclic chemical compound with the molecular formula C5H4O2. It is isomeric with 4-pyrone.

2-Pyrone is used in organic synthesis as a building block for more complex chemical structures because it may participate in a variety of cycloaddition reactions to form bicyclic lactones.  For example, it readily undergoes Diels-Alder reactions with alkynes producing, upon loss of carbon dioxide, substituted benzenes. The Gogte Synthesis (1938) is a method for the alkylation of certain pyrones with acid chlorides.

The parent 2-pyrone can be produced from decarboxylation of coumalic acid.

Coumalic acid
Coumalic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H4O4.  Its melting point is around 210 °C.

In laboratory coumalic acid may be obtained by self-condensation of malic acid in fuming sulfuric acid:
Drøyli Tunnel
The Drøyli Tunnel is 1,181-meter (3,875 ft) railway tunnel in Holtålen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The tunnel goes through the mountain Drøyliene, just east of the river Gaula. The tunnel carries a single, non-electrified track of the Røros Line. It is located about half-way between the villages of Haltdalen and Renbygda.

The line past Drøyliene was originally planned with several viaducts. During construction it was decided to instead build the line as a series of cuttings and six tunnels. Tamlaget Tunnel was the longest, at 204 meters (669 ft). This section opened on 16 January 1877. The original right-of-way through Drøyliene was plagued with rock slides and would fill with snow during winter. Proposals for replacing it with a tunnel were first made in 1924, but work did not start until 1937, in conjunction with the gauge conversion of the railway. The break-through took place in 1943 and the tunnel opened on 7 July 1945.

Holtålen Municipality
Holtålen is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Gauldalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is located in the Ålen area of the village of Renbygda. Other villages in the municipality include Hessdalen, Aunegrenda, and Haltdalen.

The 1,210-square-kilometre (470 sq mi) municipality is the 89th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Holtålen Municipality is the 280th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,035. The municipality's population density is 1.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.4/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Nikon Coolpix 8400
The Nikon Coolpix 8400 is a digital camera announced September 16, 2004, succeeding the Nikon Coolpix 5400. It is a high-end model among the brand's range of bridge cameras with eight megapixels, only below the Nikon Coolpix 8800 equipped with a more powerful zoom lens. Besides its pixel count, its main selling point is the very wide angle lens, equivalent to a 24 mm in 135 film format. Its only competitor at a comparable price is the Kodak EasyShare P880, which has longer telephoto lens but is bigger and lacks a swivelling screen.

Kodak EasyShare P880
The EasyShare P880 is a bridge digital camera from Kodak introduced on August 2, 2005, as part of Performance series. Its siblings are the P850 and the P712. The P880 possesses the largest optical sensor of all three models, with a size of 1/1.8 inches. Distinguishing features include wide-angle coverage of 24 mm (35 mm equivalent), an on screen histogram display, and manual focus-by-wire. In terms of the Kodak product line and price the Performance series are the most sophisticated EasyShare cameras, just below the considerably more expensive Kodak professional DCS pro SLR digital cameras that were discontinued in May 2005.
2024 Morelos Open
The 2024 Morelos Open, known as Morelos Open presentado por Metaxchange, was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the tenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Cuernavaca, Mexico, between 8 and 14 April 2024.

Morelos Open
The Morelos Open is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is held annually in Cuernavaca, Mexico since 2014. It was part of the International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's Circuit in 2015 and in 2016.
Mastigiidae
Mastigiidae is a family of true jellyfish. The family is native to the Indo-Pacific, but a species of Mastigias has been introduced to the West Atlantic, and Phyllorhiza punctata has been introduced to the West Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea.

Versuriga
Versuriga is a monotypic genus of jellyfishes belonging to the monotypic family Versurigidae. The only species is Versuriga anadyomene. This species is rare, only having been sighted in a limited region. However, it can be identified by its gradient-like coloration, as well as its umbrella shaped bell, which is common amongst other members of the class Scyphozoa. This species is important for many reasons, ranging from ecological interactions to socioeconomic benefits. Notably, Versuriga is able to form commensalistic relationships with other organisms, impacting biodiversity, as well as being a food source for humans and other predators.
Kolibri Choir
RTS Children's Choir "Kolibri" (Serbian: Дечји хор РТС "Колибри" / Dečji Hor RTS „Kolibri”), known simply as the "Kolibri Choir" (Hor Kolibri / Хор Колибри) is a children's choir of the Radio Television of Serbia (RTS).

PGP-RTS
PGP-RTS (Serbian Cyrillic: Продукција грамофонских плоча Радио телевизије Србије, romanized: Produkcija gramofonskih ploča Radio televizije Srbije lit. 'Production of gramophone records of Radio Television of Serbia'[а]) is a major record label based in Belgrade, Serbia. It is a successor of PGP-RTB which was established in 1959 in Belgrade, then capital of Socialist Republic of Serbia and Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

After the breakup of Yugoslavia, in 1993, the company changed its name to PGP-RTS, which is the music production branch of the Radio Television of Serbia.
Larry Owens (actor)
Larry Owens is an American comedian, actor, writer, and singer. He received a Lucille Lortel Award and a Drama Desk Award for his leading performance in the off-Broadway musical A Strange Loop. He has acted on television shows including Search Party, High Maintenance, Modern Love and Abbott Elementary.

Michael R. Jackson
Michael R. Jackson (born 1981) is an American playwright, composer, and lyricist, best known for his musical A Strange Loop, which won the 2020 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and the 2022 Tony Award for Best Musical. He is originally from Detroit.
Carle M. Pieters
Carle McGetchin Pieters (born 1943) is an American planetary scientist. Pieters has published more than 150 research articles in peer-reviewed journals and was co-author of the book Remote Geochemical Analyses: Elemental and Mineralogical Composition along with Peter Englert. Her general research efforts include planetary exploration and evolution of planetary surfaces with an emphasis on remote compositional analyses.

American Astronomical Society
The American Astronomical Society (AAS, sometimes spoken as "double-A-S") is an American society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC. The primary objective of the AAS is to promote the advancement of astronomy and closely related branches of science, while the secondary purpose includes enhancing astronomy education and providing a political voice for its members through lobbying and grassroots activities. Its current mission is to enhance and share humanity's scientific understanding of the universe as a diverse and inclusive astronomical community.
Christian Nationalist Crusade
Christian Nationalist Crusade was an American political advocacy organization founded by Gerald L. K. Smith in 1947.  It nominated Smith for President in 1948 and Douglas MacArthur in 1952.

The Christian Nationalist Crusade promoted antisemitic and racist causes, including the sale and distribution of The International Jew. It subscribed to the antisemitic views embodied in The Protocols of the Elders of Zion which it also published. According to details published by the Library of Congress, Smith "prepared" The International Jew for publication, date possibly in the 1950s.

As much as the CNC was focused on political causes, it also served as a platform for promoting Christian Identity doctrine.

The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is an antisemitic hoax and forgery purporting to detail a Jewish plot for global domination. Largely plagiarized from several earlier sources, it was first published in Imperial Russia in 1903, translated into multiple languages, and disseminated internationally in the early part of the 20th century. It played a key part in popularizing belief in an international Jewish conspiracy.

The text was exposed as a work of black propaganda by the British newspaper The Times in 1921 and by the German newspaper Frankfurter Zeitung in 1924. Beginning in 1933, distillations of the work were assigned by some German teachers, as if they were factual, to be read by German schoolchildren throughout Nazi Germany. It remains widely available in numerous languages, in print and on the Internet, and continues to be presented by antisemitic groups as a genuine document. It has been described as "probably the most influential work of antisemitism ever written".
Weston, Devon
Weston is a small hamlet near Sidmouth in East Devon, England. It is near the Donkey Sanctuary and less than a mile from the beach at Branscombe; footpaths also give access to the beach at Weston Mouth.

Branscombe
Branscombe is a village in the East Devon district of the English County of Devon.

The parish covers 3,440 acres (1,390 ha). Its permanent population in 2009 was estimated at 513 by the Family Health Services Authority, reducing to 507 at the 2011 Census. It is located within the East Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, overlooking Lyme Bay.

Branscombe has one of the South West's most scenic bus routes. AVMT Buses run service 899 from Seaton to Sidmouth via Beer and Branscombe.