hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alvina Shpady
Alvina Andreevna Shpady (January 31, 1935 – June 22, 2019; Russian: Альвина Андреевна Шпады) was an artist and art restorer in Uzbekistan. As a longtime restorer at the Nukus Museum of Art, she worked to preserve the museum's holdings as well as to promote traditional Karakalpak textile techniques.

Conservator-restorer
A conservator-restorer is a professional responsible for the preservation of artistic and cultural artifacts, also known as cultural heritage. Conservators possess the expertise to preserve cultural heritage in a way that retains the integrity of the object, building or site, including its historical significance, context and aesthetic or visual aspects. This kind of preservation is done by analyzing and assessing the condition of cultural property, understanding processes and evidence of deterioration, planning collections care or site management strategies that prevent damage, carrying out conservation treatments, and conducting research. A conservator's job is to ensure that the objects in a museum's collection are kept in the best possible condition, as well as to serve the museum's mission to bring art before the public.
Chah-e Ahmad Rural District
Chah-e Ahmad Rural District (Persian: دهستان چاه احمد) is in Nazil District of Taftan County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chah-e Ahmad, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 377 people in 103 households.

Nazil District
Nazil District (Persian: بخش نازیل) is in Taftan County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Nazil, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 419, in 140 households.
29th National Television Awards
The 29th National Television Awards were held on 11 September 2024 at the O2 Arena and were hosted by Joel Dommett for the fourth year running. The longlist nominations were released on 21 May 2024 and the shortlist was announced on 20 August 2024.

National Television Awards
The National Television Awards (often shortened to NTAs) is a British television awards ceremony, broadcast by the ITV network and begun in 1995. The National Television Awards are the most prominent ceremony for which the results are voted on by the general public and are often branded as "television's biggest night of the year". In addition, an equivalent awards ceremony for film, called the National Movie Awards, was held in 2007 and 2008, before being revived in 2010 but has not been held since 2011.
Tiraz
Tiraz (Arabic: طراز, romanized: ṭirāz; Persian: تراز, romanized: tarāz or terāz) The Persian word for a type of embroidery and clothing textiles,  are medieval Islamic embroideries, usually in the form of armbands sewn onto robes of honour (khilat). They were bestowed upon high-ranking officials who showed loyalty to the Caliphate, and given as gifts to distinguished individuals. They were usually inscribed with the ruler's names, and were embroidered with threads of precious metal and decorated with complex patterns. Tiraz were a symbol of power; their production and export were strictly regulated, and were overseen by a government-appointed official.

They were likely influenced by the tablion, a decorated patch added to the body of the mantle as a badge of rank or position in late Roman and Byzantine dress.

Kufic
The Kufic script (Arabic: الخط الكوفي, romanized: al-khaṭṭ al-kūfī) is a style of Arabic script that gained prominence early on as a preferred script for Quran transcription and architectural decoration, and it has since become a reference and an archetype for a number of other Arabic scripts. It developed from the Arabic alphabet in the city of Kufa, from which its name is derived. Kufic is characterized by angular, rectilinear letterforms and its horizontal orientation. There are many different versions of Kufic, such as square Kufic, floriated Kufic, knotted Kufic, and others. The artistic styling of Kufic led to its use in a non-Arabic context in Europe, as decoration on architecture, known as pseudo-Kufic.
Glossary of differential geometry and topology
This is a glossary of terms specific to differential geometry and differential topology. The following three glossaries are closely related:

Glossary of general topology

Glossary of algebraic topology

Glossary of Riemannian and metric geometry.

See also:

List of differential geometry topics

Words in italics denote a self-reference to this glossary.

Atlas (topology)
In mathematics, particularly topology, an atlas is a concept used to describe a manifold. An atlas consists of individual charts that, roughly speaking, describe individual regions of the manifold. In general, the notion of atlas underlies the formal definition of a manifold and related structures such as vector bundles and other fiber bundles.
Shimotoriwata Memorial Stele
Shimotoriwata Memorial Stele (下鳥渡供養石塔, Shimotoriwata kuyō-sekitō) is a Kamakura period stele located within the grounds of the Sōtō Zen temple of Yosen-ji in the city of Fukushima, Fukushima Prefecture, in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan.  The stele was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1935 by the Japanese government.

Fukushima (city)
Fukushima (福島市, Fukushima-shi; [ɸɯ̥kɯꜜɕima]) is the capital city of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. It is located in the northern part of the Nakadōri or central region of the prefecture. As of 1 August 2023, the city had an estimated population of 275,850 in 122,130 households and a population density of 359 inhabitants per square kilometre (930/sq mi). The total area of the city is 767.72 square kilometres (296.42 sq mi).

The present-day city of Fukushima partially consists of most of the former Shinobu and Date Districts and a portion of the former Adachi District. The city is located in the Fukushima Basin's southwest area and nearby mountains.

There are many onsen on the outskirts of the city, including the resort areas of Iizaka Onsen, Takayu Onsen, and Tsuchiyu Onsen. Fukushima is also the location of the Fukushima Race Course, the only Japan Racing Association horse racing track in the Tōhoku region of Japan.
Sequals
Sequals (Friulian: Secuals) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Pordenone.

Sequals borders the following municipalities: Arba, Cavasso Nuovo, Meduno, Pinzano al Tagliamento, Spilimbergo, Travesio.

Pordenone
Pordenone (Italian: [pordeˈnoːne] ⓘ; Venetian and Friulian: Pordenon) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, the capital of the regional decentralization entity of Pordenone.

The name comes from Latin Portus Naonis, meaning "port on the Noncello River".
Sport Copter
Sport Copter Inc is an American aircraft manufacturer based in Scappoose, Oregon. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of autogyros.

The company subsidiary, Sport USA, LLC, produces rotor blades.

Scappoose, Oregon
Scappoose /skæˈpuːs/ is a city in Columbia County, Oregon,  United States. It was named for a nearby stream, which drains the southern part of the county. The name "Scappoose" is of Native American origin, and is said to mean "gravelly plain."  The population was 8,010 at the 2020 census.
Elgin and Belvidere Electric Company
The Elgin and Belvidere Electric Company was a 36-mile (58 km) interurban line that connected Belvidere, Illinois and Elgin, Illinois. It was the central link in the interurban network connecting Freeport, Rockford, Elgin, and Chicago which included the Rockford and Interurban Railway to the west and the Chicago, Aurora and Elgin Railroad to the east. The line was operational from 1907 until 1930. In 1927, the line was extended to Rockford over a line of the Rockford and Interurban.

Belvidere, Illinois
Belvidere (/ˈbɛlvɪdɪər/) is a city in and the county seat of Boone County, Illinois, United States. It is settled on the Kishwaukee River in far northern Illinois. The population was 25,339 at the 2020 census. Belvidere is part of the Rockford metropolitan area.

Known as the "City of Murals", Belvidere is home to several public art installations throughout the North and South State Street historic districts, which are on the National Register of Historic Places. These historic districts are home to the Boone County Museum of History, the Funderburg House Museum, several restaurants and bars, and antique and boutique stores. Popular festivities like Heritage Days are held yearly.
Girls Shouldn't Walk Alone at Night
Girls Shouldn't Walk Alone at Night (French: Les filles ne marchent pas seules la nuit) is a 2020 Canadian short drama film, directed by Katerine Martineau. The film stars Amaryllis Tremblay and Nahéma Ricci as Chantal and Delphine, two young women who open up about their feelings for each other while walking home from their high school graduation party.

The film premiered at the 2020 Vancouver International Film Festival. It was subsequently screened at the 2021 Canadian Film Festival, where Martineau won the award for Best Director of a Short Film and Tremblay won the award for Breakout Performance in a Short Film, and at the 2021 Saguenay International Short Film Festival, where it won the 100% Régions award.

The film won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022.

Canadian Screen Award for Best Live Action Short Drama
The Canadian Screen Award for Best Live Action Short Drama is awarded by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to the best Canadian live action short film. Formerly part of the Genie Awards, since 2012 it has been presented as part of the Canadian Screen Awards.

In the 1980s and 1990s, the award was not always presented at every Genie Award ceremony. In years when the award was not presented, a single award was instead presented for Best Theatrical Short Film, inclusive of both animated and live-action shorts. Under current Academy regulations, the awards for live action and animated shorts can be collapsed into a single award if either category receives two or fewer eligible submissions, but remain separate if both categories surpass two submissions.
Loopspruit
Loopspruit is a small town situated 55 km north east of Pretoria in Mpumalanga, South Africa.

Located on the R568 road towards KwaMhlanga, the village is renowned for Loopspruit Wine Estate, Loopspruit Wine Estate owes its origins to a retired policeman, Eric Olivier. Loopspruit Wine Estate is the most northerly wine estate in South Africa, on the banks of the Loopspruit River. The town also hosts Kgodwana (Loopspruit), a traditional Ndebele village.

KwaMhlanga
KwaMhlanga is a town in the Nkangala district municipality of the Mpumalanga province in South Africa. It is the spiritual home of the Ndebele tribe that settled here in the early 18th century.

KwaMhlanga is 73 km or an hour's drive from the country’s capital, Pretoria on the R573 road.

This town developed into the administrative centre for the local government, and now houses the government administration for the North Western Region of the Mpumalanga Province.

To the north of KwaMhlanga, on the R568 road near the village of Klipfontein, is located the Manala Royal Kraal; the Ndzundza Mabhoko Royal Kraal is situated further north at Weltevreden. By special arrangement, both of these kraals can be visited by small groups.
Caryl Phillips
Caryl Phillips (born 13 March 1958) is a Kittitian-British novelist, playwright and essayist. Best known for his novels (for which he has won multiple awards), Phillips is often described as a Black Atlantic writer, since much of his fictional output is defined by its interest in, and searching exploration of, the experiences of peoples of the African diaspora in England, the Caribbean and the United States. As well as writing, Phillips has worked as an academic at numerous institutions including Amherst College, Barnard College, and Yale University, where he has held the position of Professor of English since 2005.

The Queen's College, Oxford
The Queen's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford, England. The college was founded in 1341 by Robert de Eglesfield in honour of Philippa of Hainault, queen of England. It is distinguished by its predominantly neoclassical architecture, primarily dating from the 18th century.

As of 2022, the college had an endowment of £327.8 million making it the fifth-wealthiest Oxford college (after Christ Church, Magdalen, St. John's, and All Souls).
Perineal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
The perineal branches of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve are distributed to the skin at the upper and medial side of the thigh.

One long perineal branch, inferior pudendal (long scrotal nerve), curves forward below and in front of the ischial tuberosity, pierces the fascia lata, and runs forward beneath the superficial fascia of the perineum to the skin of the scrotum in the male, and of the labium majus in the female.

It communicates with the inferior anal nerves and the posterior scrotal nerves.

Scrotum
In most terrestrial mammals, the scrotum (pl.: scrotums or scrota; possibly from Latin scortum, meaning "hide" or "skin") or scrotal sac is a part of the external male genitalia located at the base of the penis. It consists of a sac of skin containing the external spermatic fascia, testicles, epididymides, and vasa deferentia. The scrotum will usually tighten when exposed to cold temperatures.

The scrotum is homologous to the labia majora in females.
Vladimir Belyayev (ice hockey)
Vladimir Nikolaevich Belyayev (Russian: Владимир Николаевич Беляев, born 20 October 1958) is a Kazakhstani professional ice hockey coach. He is honored coach of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Belyaev was the head coach of HC Astana from 2011 until 2013. His son Maksim Belyayev is an ice hockey player and playing for Yugra Khanty-Mansiysk at the Kontinental Hockey League.

Maksim Belyayev (ice hockey)
Maksim Vladimirovich Belyayev (Russian: Максим Владимирович Беляев; born 24 August 1979) is a Kazakhstani professional ice hockey player currently playing for Kazzinc-Torpedo of the Higher Hockey League.
154th Infantry
The 154th Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army.  It was formed in Mesopotamia in May 1918, saw service in the First World War and the Third Anglo-Afghan War, and was disbanded in May 1921.

53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division
The 53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division was an infantry division of the British Army that fought in both the First and Second World Wars. Originally raised in 1908 as the Welsh Division, part of the Territorial Force (TF), the division saw service in First World War, being designated 53rd (Welsh) Division in mid-1915, and fought in the Gallipoli Campaign and in the Middle East. Remaining active in the Territorial Army (TA) during the interwar period as a peacetime formation, the division again saw action in Second World War, fighting in North-western Europe from June 1944 until May 1945.

The 53rd Division was temporarily disbanded at the end of the war, but was reactivated in 1947 when the Territorial Army was reformed and reorganised. In 1968 the division was finally deactivated, but its 160th Brigade remains in service today. As the name suggests, the division recruited mainly in Wales, but also in Herefordshire, Shropshire and Cheshire.
2005 AP Tourism Hyderabad Open
The 2005 Hyderabad Open was a WTA women's tennis tournament held in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India from 7 February until 12 February 2005. It was the third edition of the tournament and was part of the Tier IV category of the 2005 WTA Tour. Hometown favourite Sania Mirza, a resident of Hyderabad, become the first Indian woman to win a WTA singles title. She was unseeded and had entered the main draw on a wildcard.

2005 WTA Tour
The 2005 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2005 tennis season. The 2005 WTA Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III, Tier IV and Tier V events. ITF tournaments were not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
Karel Styblo
Karel Styblo (26 November 1921, Vilémov – 13 March 1998, The Hague) was a Czech-Dutch physician. Internationally recognized for his work with tuberculosis (TB), he was a medical advisor to the Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association, and was named director of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) in 1979. He is known as the "father of modern TB epidemiology" and the "father of modern TB control".

John Crofton
Sir John Wenman Crofton (27 March 1912 – 3 November 2009) was a pioneer in the treatment of tuberculosis, who also spent the better part of his life raising awareness about the harmful effects of tobacco.
Punks (poetry collection)
Punks: New & Selected Poems is a 2021 poetry collection by John Keene, published by The Song Cave. It won the 2022 National Book Award for Poetry, the 2022 Lambda Literary Award for Gay Poetry, and the 2022 Thom Gunn Award.

Lambda Literary Award for Gay Poetry
The Lambda Literary Award for Gay Poetry is an annual literary award presented by the Lambda Literary Foundation to a gay-themed book of poetry by a male writer.

At the first two Lambda Literary Awards in 1989 and 1990, a single award for LGBT Poetry, irrespective of gender, was presented. Beginning with the 3rd Lambda Literary Awards in 1991, the poetry award was split into two separate awards for Gay Poetry and Lesbian Poetry. These separate awards have been presented continuously since then, with exception of the 20th Lambda Literary Awards in 2008, when a merged LGBTQ poetry award was again presented for that year only.
Asola, Lombardy
Asola (Upper Mantovano: Àsula) is a comune in the province of Mantua, Lombardy (northern Italy). It received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree of October 23, 1951.

In 1516, when it was part of the Republic of Venice, it was unsuccessfully besieged by the troops of the Austrian Maximilian I. The event is portrayed in a painting by Tintoretto, The Siege of Asola.

The local civic museum is titled Museo Civico Goffredo Bellini.

Cremona
Cremona (/krɪˈmoʊnə/ krim-OH-nə, UK also /krɛˈ-/ krem-, Italian: [kreˈmoːna]; Cremunés: Cremùna; Emilian: Carmona) is a city and comune (municipality) in northern Italy, situated in Lombardy, on the left bank of the Po river in the middle of the Po Valley. It is the capital of the province of Cremona and the seat of the local city and province governments. The city of Cremona is especially noted for its musical history and traditions, including some of the earliest and most renowned luthiers, such as Giuseppe Guarneri, Antonio Stradivari, Francesco Rugeri, Vincenzo Rugeri, and several members of the Amati family.
Louis D. Nimschke
Louis Daniel Nimschke (July 4, 1832 – April 29, 1904) was a master firearms engraver of the 19th century who engraved over 5,000 firearms between 1850 and 1904 for Colt's Patent Fire Arms Co., Winchester, Remington, Sharps, Smith & Wesson, Henry, Marlin Firearms and Stevens Arms.

Gunsmith
A gunsmith is a person who repairs, modifies, designs, or builds guns. The occupation differs from an armorer, who usually replaces only worn parts in standard firearms. Gunsmiths do modifications and changes to a firearm that may require a very high level of craftsmanship, requiring the skills of a top-level machinist, a very skilled woodworker, and even an engineer. Gunsmiths perform factory-level repairs and renovations to restore well-used or deteriorated firearms to new condition. They may make alterations to adapt sporting guns to better fit the individual shooter that may require extensive modifications to the firearm's stocks and metal parts. Repairs and redesigns may require fabrication and fitting of unavailable parts and assemblies constructed by smiths themselves. Gunsmiths may also renew metal finishes or apply decorative carvings or engravings to guns. Many gun shops offer gunsmithing services on the premises.
Penang secessionist movement
The Penang secessionist movement was a separatist movement whose objective was to achieve the independence of Penang from the Federation of Malaya (now Malaysia). Between 1948 and 1957, the movement was driven by commercial elites, predominantly from non-Malay ethnic backgrounds. It stemmed from concerns that Penang's non-Malay majority would be marginalised under the Ketuanan Melayu agenda and that Penang's economic prospects would be undermined by the new Malayan government. Ultimately, the movement was defeated in Penang's legislature and attempts to garner support from the British government were unsuccessful.

Chief Minister of Penang
The chief minister of Penang is the head of government in the Malaysian state of Penang. According to convention, the chief minister is the leader of the majority party or largest coalition party of the Penang State Legislative Assembly. The chief minister's official residence is Seri Teratai in the capital city of George Town.

The 5th and incumbent chief minister is Chow Kon Yeow, who assumed office on 14 May 2018. Chow succeeds his party colleague, Lim Guan Eng, who had served as the chief minister between 2008 and 2018.
AR Cephei
AR Cephei (AR Cep) is a variable star in the constellation Cepheus. It is classified as a semiregular star with a spectral type of M4III.

Aernout de Sitter discovered the star in 1933. It was given its variable star designation, AR Cephei, in 1939.

AR Cephei is located approximately 1,010 light-years (309 parsecs) from the Solar System, and has a radial velocity of -16 km/s, meaning that it is moving toward the Sun at ~16 kilometers every second.

Variable-star designation
In astronomy, a variable-star designation is a unique identifier given to variable stars.  It extends the Bayer designation format, with an identifying label (as described below) preceding the Latin genitive of the name of the constellation in which the star lies. The identifying label can be one or two Latin letters or a V plus a number (e.g. V399). Examples are R Coronae Borealis, YZ Ceti, V603 Aquilae. (See List of constellations for a list of constellations and the genitive forms of their names.)
KGEB
KGEB (channel 53) is a religious television station in Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States, owned by Oral Roberts University. Its studios are contained within the Mabee Center arena on the ORU campus in south Tulsa, and its transmitter is atop the central tower of the CityPlex Towers complex directly south of the campus. Despite its ownership by a non-profit university, the station holds a commercial license, allowing it to carry several advertising-supported subchannel networks.

KGEB's programming is distributed throughout the United States as GEB Network on satellite provider DirecTV, select cable systems, several other American television stations in major markets, and an online live stream.

Oral Roberts University
Oral Roberts University (ORU) is a private evangelical university in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Founded in 1963, the university is named after its founder, Charismatic Christian preacher Oral Roberts.

Sitting on a 385-acre (156-hectare) campus, ORU offers over 70 undergraduate degree programs along with 20 graduate programs across six colleges. ORU is classified among "Master's Colleges & Universities: Medium Programs". The university enrolls approximately 5,000 students.