hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dan Tan
Tan Seet Eng (Chinese: 陈薛荣; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tân Sih-êng), also known by the English name Dan Tan, is a Singaporean businessman. He has faced charges of match fixing in Italy since 2011 and Hungary since 2013 as part of the Calcio scommesse scandal. Despite Interpol considering him the "boss" of the "world's largest and most aggressive match-fixing syndicate", he was not arrested in Singapore until late 2013 since it lacks an extradition treaty with the European Union.

Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau
The Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB) is an independent agency of the Government of Singapore responsible for the investigation and prosecution of any possible serious or complex fraud and corruption in Singapore. The CPIB has the mandate to investigate into any acts or forms of corruption in the public and private sectors in Singapore, and in the course of doing so, any other offences under any written law, with the powers of arrest.

The CPIB has been credited for being one of the main contributors to the transformation of Singapore into one of the least corrupt nations in the world, additionally being the most transparent in the whole of Asia as per indexes such as the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI).
France–Niger relations
France–Niger relations are the foreign relations between France and Niger. Their relations are based on a long shared history and the more-than-sixty-year rule of Niger by the French colonial empire, beginning with the French conquest in 1898. Niger obtained independence from France in 1960, and a history of French influenced culture and French language have been a point of commonality in the creation of a distinctive Nigerien culture from the diverse pre-colonial nationalities which make up modern Niger. France benefited economically from their time as a colonial power, and still relies on imports from Niger for elements of their economy.

2023 Nigerien coup d'état
On 26 July 2023, a coup d'état occurred in Niger when the country's presidential guard detained President Mohamed Bazoum, and Presidential Guard commander General Abdourahamane Tchiani proclaimed himself the leader of a new military junta, shortly after confirming the coup a success.

This was the fifth military coup d'état since the country gained independence from France in 1960, and the first since 2010. The coup was condemned by the United States and France, and by the West African regional bloc ECOWAS, the latter of which threatened military intervention against the junta, leading to the 2023–2024 Niger crisis.
1993 Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1993 Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament was played after the conclusion of the 1992–1993 regular season at the St. Louis Arena in St. Louis, Missouri.

The Southern Illinois Salukis defeated the Illinois State Redbirds in the championship game, 70-59, and as result won their 2nd MVC Tournament title and earned an automatic bid to the 1993 NCAA tournament. Ashraf Amaya of Southern Illinois was named the tournament MVP.

Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament
The State Farm Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament, commonly called Arch Madness, is an annual basketball tournament which features the men's basketball teams of each of the Missouri Valley Conference member universities.  The tournament, held in St. Louis since 1991, determines which MVC team receives an automatic bid to the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament. Arch Madness celebrated its 30th anniversary in 2020.

The tournament is the second longest running tournament in NCAA Division I to continuously be held in one city, next to the Big East men's basketball tournament.
Walter Nausch
Walter Nausch (5 February 1907 – 11 July 1957) was an Austrian footballer, who later became a football manager. The captain of legendary Austrian "Wunderteam", Nausch was a versatile player who played in almost all positions on the pitch but was mainly a left wing half. He was known for his great physical condition, versatility, and tactical awareness.

FK Austria Wien
Fußballklub Austria Wien AG (German pronunciation: [ˈaʊstri̯aː ˈviːn]), known in English as Austria Vienna, and Austria Wien in German-speaking countries, is an Austrian professional association football club from the capital city of Vienna. It has won the most trophies of any Austrian club from the top flight, with 24 Austrian Bundesliga titles and 27 Austrian Cup titles. With 27 victories in the Austrian Cup and six in the Austrian Supercup, Austria Wien is also the most successful club in each of those tournaments. The club reached the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup final in 1978, and the semi-finals of the European Cup the season after. The club plays at the Franz Horr Stadium, known as the Generali Arena since a 2010 naming rights deal with an Italian insurance company. Along with their local rivals, they have never been relegated.
Roberto Júnior
Roberto Orlando Affonso Júnior (Chinese: 羅拔圖; born 28 May 1983), commonly known as Roberto Júnior, is a former professional footballer who played as a defender. Born in Brazil, he played for the Hong Kong national team.

2020–21 Hong Kong Premier League
The 2020–21 Hong Kong Premier League (also known as the BOC Life Hong Kong Premier League for sponsorship reasons) was the 7th season of the Hong Kong Premier League, the top division of Hong Kong football.
Sir John Wentworth, 1st Baronet
Sir John Wentworth, 1st Baronet (9 August 1737 – 8 April 1820) was the British colonial governor of New Hampshire at the time of the American Revolution.  He was later also Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia. He is buried in the crypt of St. Paul's Church in Halifax.

Frederick North, Lord North
Frederick North, 2nd Earl of Guilford (13 April 1732 – 5 August 1792), better known by his courtesy title Lord North, which he used from 1752 to 1790, was Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1770 to 1782. He led the Kingdom of Great Britain through most of the American Revolutionary War. He also held a number of other cabinet posts, including Home Secretary and Chancellor of the Exchequer.

North's reputation among historians has varied wildly, reaching its lowest point in the late 19th century, when he was depicted as a creature of King George III and an incompetent who lost the American colonies. In the early 20th century a revised view emerged which emphasised his strengths in administering the Treasury, handling the House of Commons, and in defending the Church of England. The historian Herbert Butterfield, however, argued that his indolence was a barrier to efficient crisis management; he neglected his role in supervising the entire war effort.
Juno Awards of 2023
The Juno Awards of 2023 was a music awards ceremony that was held on 13 March 2023 at Rogers Place in Edmonton, Alberta. It recognized the best recordings, compositions, and artists of the eligibility year determined by the members of the Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. It returned to its usual March schedule for the first time since 2019 after COVID-19 pandemic had the last three events took place in June 2020, May 2021, and May 2022, respectively. Canadian actor Simu Liu, who hosted the 2022 ceremony, returned to host again.

The Weeknd received the most nominations (six) and had the most wins (five), followed by Avril Lavigne and Tate McRae with five nominations each, and Reklaws, Shawn Mendes, Preston Pablo and Banx & Ranx with three nominations each. With the six nominations, The Weeknd matched his personal records for both 2016 and 2021.

During the televised show, a topless protester crashed Avril Lavigne's introduction of AP Dhillon.

Juno Awards of 2019
The Juno Awards of 2019, honouring Canadian music achievements, were presented in London, Ontario during the weekend of 16–17 March 2019. The primary telecast ceremonies were held at Budweiser Gardens, preceded by numerous Juno Week events from 11 March. This was the first time the Juno Awards were hosted in London.

The award ceremony was hosted by Sarah McLachlan.

Shawn Mendes won five awards, the most at the ceremonies, including Artist of the Year, Album of the Year, and Single of the Year.
Gmina Lisewo
Gmina Lisewo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Chełmno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Lisewo, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) south-east of Chełmno and 30 km (19 mi) north of Toruń.

The gmina covers an area of 86.2 square kilometres (33.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,259.

Chełmno County
Chełmno County (Polish: powiat chełmiński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Chełmno, which lies 40 km (25 mi) north of Toruń and 40 km (25 mi) north-east of Bydgoszcz.

The county covers an area of 527.62 square kilometres (203.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 52,018, out of which the population of Chełmno is 19,605 and the rural population is 32,413.

The county includes the protected area called Chełmno Landscape Park, which stretches along the right bank of the Vistula river.
Schwamendingen Mitte
Schwamendingen Mitte (Schwamendingen centre) is a quarter in the district 12 in Zürich, located in the Glatt Valley (German: Glattal).

Schwamendingen and Oerlikon became independent municipalities in 1872. These were incorporated into the city of Zürich in 1934, together with Seebach, Affoltern, Witikon, Höngg, Altstetten and Albisrieden. After 1934 Schwamendingen was divided into the quarters Schwamendingen Mitte, Saatlen and Hirzenbach. As of 2025, the quarter has a population of 11,314 distributed over an area of 2.79 km2 (1.08 sq mi).

Oerlikon (Zurich)
Oerlikon is a quarter in the northern part of the city of Zurich, Switzerland. A formerly independent municipality, Oerlikon was merged with Zürich in 1934 and forms today, together with Affoltern and Seebach, the city district 11.
Hadès
The Hadès system was a short-range ballistic pre-strategic nuclear weapon system designed by France as a last warning before the use of strategic nuclear weapons in a prospective Soviet invasion of Western Europe. It was designed from July 1984 as a replacement for the tactical road-mobile Pluton missile. Initially 120 missiles were planned to be deployed.

A wheeled trailer and launcher, each carrying two missiles in containers, was planned for deploying the Hadès. The original design had a range of 350 km, which was later increased to 450 km. The guidance system was an inertial platform which could be programmed to execute evasive maneuvers before hitting the target. A version designed to hit hardened underground targets also had a final guidance system which used a GPS-based digital system, resulting in a Circular Error Probable of only 5 m, compared to a CEP of 100 m for the standard version.

Short-range ballistic missile
A short-range ballistic missile (SRBM) is a ballistic missile with a range of 300 km (190 mi) to 1,000 km (620 mi). In past and potential regional conflicts, these missiles have been and would be used because of the short distances between some countries and their relative low cost and ease of configuration. In modern terminology, SRBMs are part of the wider grouping of theatre ballistic missiles, which includes any ballistic missile with a range of less than 3,500 km.
Futalognkosaurus
Futalognkosaurus (/ˌfuːtəˌlɒŋkoʊˈsɔːrəs/ FOO-tə-long-ko-SAW-rəs; meaning "giant chief lizard") is a genus of titanosaurian dinosaur. The herbivorous Futalognkosaurus lived approximately 93.5 to 85.8 million years ago in the Portezuelo Formation, in what is now Argentina, of the Coniacian stage of the late Cretaceous Period. The fish and fossilized leaf debris on the site, together with other dinosaur remains, suggest a warm tropical climate in Patagonia during this period.

Portezuelo Formation
The Portezuelo Formation is a geologic formation of Late Cretaceous (Late Turonian to Early Coniacian) age, outcropping in the Mendoza, Río Negro and Neuquén provinces of Argentina. It is the fourth-oldest formation in the Neuquén Group and the older of the two formations in the Río Neuquén Subgroup. Formerly, that subgroup was treated as a formation, and the Portezuelo Formation was known as the Portezuelo Member.
Maria Frica Pangelinan
Maria "Frica" Tudela Pangelinan (born December 5, 1948) is a Northern Mariana Islander politician. She is the first female senator to serve in the Northern Mariana Islands Senate.

She graduated from the University of Guam in 1981 with a BBA. While attending college, she served as acting director of finance. She was elected as a delegate to the CNMI's second constitutional convention.

Pangelinan is a member of the Democratic Party of the Northern Mariana Islands. In the 2018 Northern Mariana Islands gubernatorial election, Pangelinan endorsed Republican incumbent Ralph Torres.

Ralph Torres
Ralph Deleon Guerrero Torres (born August 6, 1979) is a Northern Marianan politician, who served as the ninth governor of the Northern Mariana Islands, from December 29, 2015, to January 9, 2023. He is a Republican from Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). The third longest-serving governor in CNMI history, Torres took office upon the death of Governor Eloy Inos on December 29, 2015, before being reelected as governor in his own right in 2018. He previously served as the tenth lieutenant governor, having been elected to that post in 2014.
Arabesque (company)
Arabesque is a Romanian company which distributes building materials and operates hardware stores with headquarters in Galați.

The company consists of seven Mathaus DIY stores and 22 Arabesque warehouses in Romania. It also operates six warehouses in Moldova, Bulgaria and Ukraine.

Hardware store
Hardware stores (in a number of countries, "shops"), sometimes known as DIY stores, sell household hardware for home improvement including: fasteners, building materials, hand tools, power tools, keys, locks, hinges, chains, plumbing supplies, electrical supplies, cleaning products, housewares, tools, utensils, paint, and lawn and garden products directly to consumers for use at home or for business. Many hardware stores have specialty departments unique to its region or its owner's interests. These departments include hunting and fishing supplies, plants and nursery products, marine and boating supplies, pet food and supplies, farm and ranch supplies including animal feed, swimming pool chemicals, homebrewing supplies and canning supplies.
Pherotrichis
Pherotrichis is a plant genus in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1838. It is native to Mexico and Arizona.

Species

Pherotrichis leptogenia B.L.Rob. - Jalisco

Pherotrichis mixtecana Brandegee - Oaxaca

Pherotrichis schaffneri A.Gray - San Luis Potosí, Cochise County in Arizona

formerly included

moved to Matelea

Pherotrichis villosa (Schult.) Meisn, synonym of  Matelea balbisii (Decne.) Woodson.

Matelea
Matelea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. It contains about 200 species, which are commonly known as milkvines. Some people consider Chthamalia to be a synonym to or a subgenus of Matelea.
Confederate Monument of Mt. Sterling
The Confederate Monument in Mt. Sterling overlooking Mt. Sterling, Kentucky in Montgomery County, Kentucky, commemorates those who fought for the Confederate States of America.  It is inscribed by passages from the Bivouac of the Dead.

On July 17, 1997, the Confederate Monument in Mt. Sterling was one of sixty-one different monuments related to the Civil War in Kentucky placed on the National Register of Historic Places, as part of the Civil War Monuments of Kentucky Multiple Property Submission.

Mount Sterling, Kentucky
Mount Sterling, often written as Mt. Sterling, is a home rule-class city in Montgomery County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 7,558 as of the 2020 census, up from 6,895 in 2010. It is the county seat of Montgomery County and the principal city of the Mount Sterling micropolitan area.
2014 Busan Open Challenger Tour
The 2014 Busan Open Challenger Tour was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the thirteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Busan, South Korea between 12 and 18 May 2014.

2014 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2014 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2014 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 150 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000, which represented an increase of the minimum prize money from $35,000. It was the 37th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 6th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Birori
Birori (Sardinian: Bìroro) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 142 kilometres (88 mi) north of Cagliari and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Nuoro. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 586 and an area of 17.4 square kilometres (6.7 sq mi).

Birori borders the following municipalities: Borore, Bortigali, Dualchi, Macomer.

Nuoro
Nuoro (Italian pronunciation: [ˈnuːoro] ⓘ or less correctly [ˈnwɔːro]; Sardinian: Nùgoro [ˈnuɣɔɾɔ]) is a city and municipality in central-eastern Sardinia in Italy, situated on the slopes of Mount Ortobene. It is the capital and largest city of the province of Nuoro. As of 2025, with a population of 33,106, it is the sixth-largest city in Sardinia. Its frazione (borough) of Lollove is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

As the birthplace of several renowned artists, including writers, poets, painters and sculptors, Nuoro hosts some of the most important museums in Sardinia. It is considered an important cultural center of the region and it has been referred to as the "Sardinian Athens". Nuoro is the hometown of Grazia Deledda, the only Italian woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Common Monetary Area
The Common Monetary Area (CMA) links South Africa, Namibia, Lesotho and Eswatini into a monetary union. The Southern African Customs Union (SACU) includes all CMA members in addition to Botswana, which replaced the rand with the pula in 1976 as a means of establishing an independent monetary policy. The CMA facilitates trade and promotes economic development between its member states.

Although the South African rand is legal tender across the CMA, the other member states issue their own currencies exchanged at par with it: the Lesotho loti, Namibian dollar and Swazi lilangeni. Foreign exchange regulations and monetary policy throughout the CMA continue to reflect the influence of the South African Reserve Bank.

Currency union
A currency union (also known as monetary union) is an intergovernmental agreement that involves two or more states sharing the same currency. These states may not necessarily have any further integration (such as an economic and monetary union, which would have, in addition, a customs union and a single market).

There are three types of currency unions:

Informal – unilateral adoption of a foreign currency.

Formal – adoption of foreign currency by virtue of bilateral or multilateral agreement with the monetary authority, sometimes supplemented by issue of local currency in currency peg regime.

Formal with common policy – establishment by multiple countries of a common monetary policy and monetary authority for their common currency.

The theory of the optimal currency area addresses the question of how to determine what geographical regions should share a currency in order to maximize economic efficiency.
Carl-Gustaf Rossby
Carl-Gustaf Arvid Rossby (Swedish pronunciation: [kɑːɭ ˈɡɵ̂sːtav ˈǎrːvɪd ˈrɔ̌sːbʏ] 28 December 1898 – 19 August 1957) was a Swedish-born American meteorologist who first explained the large-scale motions of the atmosphere in terms of fluid mechanics. He identified and characterized both the jet stream and the long waves in the westerlies that were later named Rossby waves.

Rossby-gravity waves
Rossby-gravity waves are equatorially trapped waves (much like Kelvin waves), meaning that they rapidly decay as their distance increases away from the equator (so long as the Brunt–Vaisala frequency does not remain constant).  These waves have the same trapping scale as Kelvin waves, more commonly known as the equatorial Rossby deformation radius.  They always carry energy eastward, but their 'crests' and 'troughs' may propagate westward if their periods are long enough.
Cerro Gorra Blanca
The Cerro Gorra Blanca is a glaciated mountain in the Andes of Patagonia, located southwest of Laguna del Desierto on the eastern edge of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, on the border between Chile and Argentina. On the Chilean side, it is part of the O'Higgins commune in the Capitán Prat Province, Aysén Region, while on the Argentine side, it belongs to the Lago Argentino Department in the Province of Santa Cruz. It stands at an altitude of 2,920 m (9,580 ft).

South of the mountain, a nunatak houses the Eduardo García Soto Chilean shelter, installed in 2004 near the Marconi Pass by the Chilean Institute of Ice Fields.

On the Chilean side, it is located within the Bernardo O'Higgins National Park, while on the Argentine side, it is part of the Lago del Desierto Provincial Reserve.

Southern Patagonian Ice Field
The Southern Patagonian Ice Field (Spanish: Campo de Hielo Patagónico Sur), located at the Southern Patagonic Andes between Chile and Argentina, is the world's second largest contiguous extrapolar ice field. It is the bigger of two remnant parts of the Patagonian Ice Sheet, which covered all of southern Chile during the last glacial period, locally called the Llanquihue glaciation.
Gmina Wadowice Górne
Gmina Wadowice Górne is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Mielec County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Wadowice Górne, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of Mielec and 58 km (36 mi) north-west of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The gmina covers an area of 87.16 square kilometres (33.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population was 7,269.

Mielec
Mielec [ˈmʲɛlɛt͡s] ⓘ (Yiddish: מעליץ-Melitz) is the largest city and seat of Mielec County, located within the Subcarpathian Voivodeship in south-eastern Poland. The population of Mielec in December 2021 was 59,509.

Mielec is an industrial center, with technical and IT schools, craft schools and colleges (providing bachelor's degree and master's degree in several fields of study. Postgraduate studies are also available - e.g. MBA). The city lies within the Special Economic Zone Euro-Park Mielec with access to Mielec Airport and railway. About 15 km (9 mi) north of Mielec runs LHS railway - The transshipment terminal in Wola Baranowska enables the exchange of cargo between the broad gauge and standard gauge railways and trucks. About 20 km (12 mi) south of Mielec runs the A4 motorway. Moreover, the city of Mielec supports a recognizable soccer team - Stal Mielec.

The motto of the city is Here wings spread! in reference to many successful domestic and foreign investments.