hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duck plague
Duck plague (also known as duck viral enteritis) is a worldwide disease caused by Duck enteritis virus (DEV) of the family Herpesviridae that causes acute disease with high mortality rates in flocks of ducks, geese, and swans.  It is spread both vertically and horizontally—through contaminated water and direct contact.  Migratory waterfowl are a major factor in the spread of this disease as they are often asymptomatic carriers of disease.  The incubation period is three to seven days. Birds as young as one week old can be infected. DEV is not zoonotic.

Anatidae
The Anatidae are the biological family of water birds that includes ducks, geese, and swans. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on all the world's continents except Antarctica. These birds are adapted for swimming, floating on the water surface, and, in some cases, diving in at least shallow water. The family contains around 174 species in 43 genera (the magpie goose is no longer considered to be part of the Anatidae and is now placed in its own family, Anseranatidae).

They are generally herbivorous and are monogamous breeders. A number of species undertake annual migrations. A few species have been domesticated for agriculture, and many others are hunted for food and recreation. Five species have become extinct since 1600, and many more are threatened with extinction.
Lewen Tugwell
Lewen Greenwood Tugwell was an Archdeacon of the Isle of Wight.

Tugwell was born in 1862 into an ecclesiastical family, the son of the Rev. L. S. Tugwell and educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained in 1895. He held curacies at St Saviour's, Battersea Park and Holy Trinity, Guildford before becoming the Anglican Chaplain at Freiburg in 1900. He was Vicar of St Mark's, Farnborough from 1904 to 1911 and Rector of Calbourne-with-Newtown from 1912. He was Rural Dean of West Wight from 1918 to 1922; and Archdeacon of the Isle of Wight from then until 1928.

He died on 1 October 1937.

Archdeacons in the Diocese of Portsmouth
The archdeacons in the Diocese of Portsmouth are senior ecclesiastical officers in the Church of England in south-east Hampshire and the Isle of Wight. They currently include: the Archdeacon of the Meon, the Archdeacon of the Isle of Wight and the Archdeacon of Portsdown. Each one has responsibility over a geographical area within the diocese, providing organisational leadership and pastoral support to clergy within their area.
Phrynobatrachus villiersi
Phrynobatrachus villiersi is a species of frog in the family Phrynobatrachidae. It is found in southeastern Liberia, southern Côte d'Ivoire, and southwestern Ghana. Its natural habitat is tropical primary forest. The eggs are deposited on dried-up puddles just before the rains. It is very common in suitable habitat, but threatened by habitat loss caused by agriculture, logging, and human settlement.

Phrynobatrachus
Phrynobatrachus is a genus of Sub-Saharan frogs that form the monogeneric family Phrynobatrachidae. Their common name is puddle frogs, dwarf puddle frogs, African puddle frogs, or African river frogs.
The common name, puddle frog, refers to the fact that many species breed in temporary waterbodies such as puddles.

Phrynobatrachus are among the most common amphibians in Africa. They are typically small (mostly less than 30 mm (1.2 in)), fast-moving frogs. They occupy a variety of habitats from dry savannas to rainforests. Most species deposit many small eggs as a surface clutch in standing or slowly moving water and have exotrophic tadpoles.
2010 North African Cup Winners Cup
The 2010 North African Cup Winners Cup was the third edition of the competition initiated in 2008 by the UNAF. The competition pits the cup winners from Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia.

Algerian club ES Sétif won the competition after beating Libyan side Nasr 6-3 on aggregate in the final.

North African Cup Winners Cup
The North African Cup Winners Cup was a competition organised by the Federation of North African Football, that contains the winners of the domestic cups around North Africa. The competition contains representatives from Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Libya and Egypt.
Dipyridamole
Dipyridamole, sold under the brand name Persantine among others, is an antiplatelet drug of the nucleoside transport inhibitor and PDE3 inhibitor class that inhibits blood clot formation when given chronically and causes blood vessel dilation when given at high doses over a short time.

Endothelium
The endothelium (pl.: endothelia) is a single layer of squamous endothelial cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. The endothelium forms an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.

Endothelial cells in direct contact with blood are called vascular endothelial cells whereas those in direct contact with lymph are known as lymphatic endothelial cells. Vascular endothelial cells line the entire circulatory system, from the heart to the smallest capillaries.

These cells have unique functions that include fluid filtration, such as in the glomerulus of the kidney, blood vessel tone, hemostasis, neutrophil recruitment, and hormone trafficking. Endothelium of the interior surfaces of the heart chambers is called endocardium. An impaired function can lead to serious health issues throughout the body.
Manuel Rodríguez Torices
Manuel Rodrí­guez Torices (full birth name Manuel Juan Robustiano de los Dolores Rodrí­guez Torices y Quiroz) (May 24, 1788 – October 5, 1816) was a Neogranadine statesman, lawyer, journalist, and Precursor of the Independence of Colombia. He was part of the Triumvirate of the United Provinces of New Granada in 1815, and served as Vice President of the United Provinces after the triumvirate. He was executed during the Reign of Terror of Pablo Morillo in 1816.

Francisco José de Caldas
Francisco José de Caldas (October 4, 1768 – October 28, 1816) was a Neogranadine lawyer, military engineer, self-taught naturalist, mathematician, geographer and inventor (he created the first hypsometer), who was executed by orders of General Pablo Morillo during the Spanish American Reconquista for being a forerunner of the fight for the independence of New Granada (modern day Colombia). Arguably the first Colombian scientist, he is often nicknamed "El Sabio" (Spanish for "The learned," "The sage" or "The wise").
Gyrodon ripicola
Gyrodon ripicola is a bolete fungus in the family Paxillaceae. Found in Singapore, the species was first described in 1971 by E.J.H. Corner as a species of Paxillus. Pegler and Young transferred it to the genus Gyrodon in 1981.

Paxillus
Paxillus is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include Paxillus involutus and Paxillus vernalis. Two former species—Tapinella panuoides and Tapinella atrotomentosa—have now been transferred to the related genus Tapinella in the family Tapinellaceae.

Paxillus means small stake.
William Kilbourn
William Morley Kilbourn OC FRSC (18 December 1926 – 4 January 1995) was a Canadian author, historian, professor, and politician. Kilbourn wrote on various topics in Canadian history, including economics, religion, and biography. After studying at Oxford and Harvard during the 1950s, in 1962 Kilbourn joined the faculty at York University. From 1962 to 1967 he served as the chairman of its humanities division. In 1969, Kilbourn was elected to Toronto City Council and remained an alderman until 1976. Along with his academic activities, Kilbourn was an active member of the Liberal Party of Canada.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Moss lawn
Moss lawns are lawns composed of moss, which occur naturally, but can also be cultivated like grass lawns. They are a defining element in moss gardens.

Moss lawns are drought-tolerant and rarely need misting once established (the average US grass lawn uses a hundred times as much water). They do not require mowing, fertilizing, or other amendments, and grow on almost any substrate (apart from metal), and at any soil pH and light level. They can grow under conifers, swallowing the needles, but fallen broad deciduous leaves will kill them if not removed. They can be walked on but not scuffed.

Gametophyte
A gametophyte (/ɡəˈmiːtəfaɪt/) is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae. It is a haploid multicellular organism that develops from a haploid spore, that has one set of chromosomes. The gametophyte is the sexual phase in the life cycle of plants and algae. It develops sex organs that produce gametes, haploid sex cells that participate in fertilization to form a diploid zygote, which has a double set of chromosomes. Cell division of the zygote results in a new diploid multicellular organism, the second stage in the life cycle known as the sporophyte. The sporophyte can produce haploid spores by meiosis that on germination produce a new generation of gametophytes.
2022 Challenger Coquimbo II
The 2022 Challenger Coquimbo II was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Coquimbo, Chile between 17 and 23 October 2022.

2022 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2022 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2022 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 184 tournaments with prize money ranging from $37,520 up to $159,360. It was the 45th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 14th under the name of Challenger Tour.
(9948) 1990 QB2
(9948) 1990 QB2 (provisional designation 1990 QB2) is a stony Nysian asteroid from the inner region of the asteroid belt, approximately 3.4 kilometers (2.1 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 22 August 1990, by American astronomer Henry Holt at the Palomar Observatory in California. The likely elongated S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 3.53 hours. This asteroid has not been named.

Henry E. Holt
Henry E. Holt (September 27, 1929 – May 5, 2019) was an American astronomer and prolific discoverer of minor planets and comets, who has worked as a planetary geologist at the United States Geological Survey and Northern Arizona University.
INFORM
INFORM (Information Network Focus on Religious Movements) is an independent registered charity located in the Department of Theology and Religious Studies at King's College, London; from 1988-2018 it was based at the London School of Economics. It was founded by the sociologist of religion, Eileen Barker, with start-up funding from the British Home Office and Britain's mainstream churches. Its stated aims are to "prevent harm based on misinformation about minority religions and sects by bringing the insights and methods of academic research into the public domain" and to provide "information about minority religions and sects which is as accurate, up-to-date and as evidence-based as possible."

Bryan R. Wilson
Bryan Ronald Wilson (25 June 1926 – 9 October 2004) was a British sociologist. He was Reader Emeritus in Sociology at the University of Oxford and President of the International Society for the Sociology of Religion (1971–75). He became a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford in 1963.

Wilson was the author of several influential books on new religious movements, including Sects and Society: A Sociological Study of the Elim Tabernacle, Christian Science, and Christadelphians (1961), Magic and the Millennium (1973), and The Social Dimensions of Sectarianism (1990).
Pinggu Town
Pinggu Town (Chinese: 平谷镇; pinyin: Pínggǔ Zhèn) is a town in the southwest of Pinggu District, Beijing, China. It borders Wangxinzhuang Town and Xinggu Subdistrict to the north, Xiagezhuang Town to the east, Donggaocun Town to the south, Machangying and Daxingzhuang Towns to the west, and surrounds Binhe Subdistrict on three sides. According to the 2020 census, its population was 62,694.

The town was named Pinggu (Chinese: 平谷; lit. 'Flat Valley') because of its location in a plain surrounded by mountains on the north, east and south. When it became an area in 2002, the name Yuyang (Chinese: 渔阳; lit. 'Fishing Sun') was given in order to distinguish it from the larger district. However, as of 2025, official sources now solely use the term Pinggu Town once more, as they have begun to move away from the "area" classification.

Pinggu, Beijing
Pinggu District (Chinese: 平谷区; pinyin: Pínggǔ Qū), formerly Pinggu County (平谷县), lies in the far east of Beijing Municipality. It has an area of 950 km2 (370 sq mi) and a population of 457,313 (2020 Census). The district is subdivided into 2 subdistricts, 14 towns, and 2 townships. It borders the Beijing districts of Miyun and Shunyi to the north and west, respectively, Tianjin's Jizhou District to the southeast, and in Hebei province, Xinglong County and Sanhe to the northeast and south, respectively.
1993 World Mountain Running Trophy
The 1993 World Mountain Running Championships was the 9th edition of the global mountain running competition, World Mountain Running Championships, organised by the World Mountain Running Association and was held in Gap, Hautes-Alpes, France on 5 September 1993.

Gap, Hautes-Alpes
Gap (French pronunciation: [ɡap], Occitan: [ˈɡap]) is the prefecture of the department of Hautes-Alpes, in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, southern France. With a population of about 41,000, it is the most populated city in Hautes-Alpes. At a height of 750 metres above sea level, to the south of the Écrins Massif, it is also France's highest prefecture.

Together with other Alpine towns, Gap engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. Gap was awarded Alpine Town of the Year in 2002. In 2013 Gap was named the sportiest city in France by the national sports newspaper L'Équipe.
Geraldine Peroni
Geraldine "Geri" Peroni (July 5, 1953 – August 3, 2004) was an American film editor who was best known for working with Robert Altman. She received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing for her work on Altman's 1992 film, The Player.

American Cinema Editors
Founded in 1950, American Cinema Editors (ACE) is an honorary society of film editors who are voted in based on the qualities of professional achievements, their education of others, and their dedication to editing. Members use the post-nominal letters "ACE". The organization's "Eddie Awards" are routinely covered in trade magazines such as The Hollywood Reporter and Variety. The society is not an industry union, such as the I.A.T.S.E. (specifically the Motion Picture Editors Guild or MPEG), to which an editor might also belong. The current president of ACE is Kevin Tent, who was elected in 2020.
Blind Alleys
Blind Alleys was a play written by David Henry Hwang and Frederic Kimball, filmed and aired as a 1985 television special produced by WCVB-TV for Metromedia. It is the story of two people once linked by an interracial marriage setting up for their daughter's wedding. The film features Pat Morita, Cloris Leachman, and co-writer Kimball.

Metromedia
Metromedia, Inc. (also often MetroMedia) was an American media company that owned radio and television stations in the United States from 1956 to 1986 and controlled Orion Pictures from 1988 to 1997. Metromedia was established in 1956 after the DuMont Television Network ceased operations and its owned-and-operated stations were spun off into a separate company. Metromedia sold its television stations to News Corporation in 1985 (which News Corporation then used to form the nucleus of Fox Television Stations), and spun off its radio stations into a separate company in 1986. Metromedia then acquired ownership stakes in various film studios, including controlling ownership in Orion. In 1997, Metromedia closed down and sold its media assets to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Arena Pruszków
The Arena Pruszków, known until 2017 as BGŻ BNP Paribas Arena for sponsorship reasons, is a velodrome in Pruszków, Poland. Opened in 2008 as Poland's first indoor velodrome, it hosted the 2009 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. It also hosted the 2008 European Track Championships at under-23 and junior level and the 2010 European Track Championships at elite level.

The track is 250 metres (820 ft) long and made of Siberian Pine. It has seats for 1800 people with the capacity to install 1500 more seats. The BGŻ Arena is also home of the Polish Cycling Federation.

2008 UEC European Track Championships
The 2008 European Track Championships took place in Pruszków, Poland from 3 September to 7 September 2008. They were the annual European championship for track cycling for junior and under 23 riders. Events were also held at elite level in the women's omnium discipline. A men's omnium European Championship was held in Alkmaar, the Netherlands at 18 October 2008.
Ola Kamara
Ola Williams Kamara (born 15 October 1989) is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a striker and is currently a free agent. He has previously played for Stabæk, Hønefoss, Strømsgodset, Molde, Austria Wien, TSV 1860 Munich, Columbus Crew SC, LA Galaxy, Shenzhen FC, D.C. United, Häcken and Vålerenga. Kamara represented Norway both at youth and senior international levels.

Norwegian Second Division
The Norwegian Second Division, also called 2. divisjon is the third-highest level of the Norwegian football league system.

There are 28 teams divided into two groups, and at the end of the season the winner of each group earns promotion to the second-highest division, 1. divisjon. The teams finishing in second place in their respective group will qualify for the promotion play-offs, where they will face each other. The winner will play against the 14th placed team in 1. divisjon for promotion. The bottom three teams in each group are relegated to 3. divisjon.

2. divisjon is the highest league a reserve team can participate in, and only reserve teams from the Eliteserien clubs (first tier) are allowed to enter. The participation of reserve teams stirs debate from time to time.
Ribe
Ribe (Danish pronunciation: [ˈʁiːpə]) is a town in south-west Jutland, Denmark, with a population of 8,367 (2025). It is the seat of the Diocese of Ribe. Until 1 January 2007, Ribe was the seat of both a surrounding municipality and county. It is now part of the enlarged Esbjerg Municipality in the Region of Southern Denmark. It is the oldest town in Denmark.

Ancient Diocese of Ribe
The former Diocese of Ribe (Danish: Ribe Stift) was a Roman Catholic diocese in Southern Jutland, Denmark. The diocese was established in 948, and dissolved in 1536 during the Protestant Reformation. Within the newly established protestant Church of Denmark, the Diocese of Ribe effectively replaced its Roman Catholic precursor.

The diocese contained 29 deaneries and 278 parishes. Its bishop also oversaw a number of monasteries and friaries, in addition to a hospital.
Alice micropolitan area
The Alice micropolitan statistical area is in Jim Wells County, Texas. It principal city is Alice, 44 miles from Corpus Christi, Texas, the closest metropolitan statistical area. The closest Micropolitan Statistical Area is 39 miles in Beeville.

Beeville, Texas
Beeville is a city in Bee County, Texas, United States. Its population of 13,543 at the 2020 census  makes it the 207th-largest city in Texas. It is the county seat of Bee County and home to the main campus of Coastal Bend College. The area around the city contains three prisons operated by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice.

Many of the stately homes, commercial buildings, and schools in the area, including the Bee County Courthouse, were designed by architect William Charles Stephenson, who came to Beeville in 1908 from Buffalo, New York. Beeville is a national Main Street city. Gutzon Borglum, the sculptor of Mount Rushmore, and his son Lincoln, lived in the city during the time Rushmore was being sculpted.
Technology governance
Technology governance means the governance, i.e., the steering between the different sectors—state, business, and NGOs—, of the development of technology. It is the idea of governance within technology and its use, as well as the practices behind them. The concept is based on the notion of innovation and of techno-economic paradigm shifts according to the theories by scholars such as Joseph A. Schumpeter, Christopher Freeman, and Carlota Perez.

Collingridge dilemma
The Collingridge dilemma is a methodological quandary in which efforts to influence or control the further development of technology face a double-bind problem:

An information problem: impacts cannot be easily predicted until the technology is extensively developed and widely used.

A power problem: control or change is difficult when the technology has become entrenched.

The idea was coined by David Collingridge at the University of Aston Technology Policy Unit in his 1980 book The Social Control of Technology. The dilemma is a basic point of reference in technology assessment debates.
2019 American Athletic Conference men's soccer season
The 2019 American Athletic Conference men's soccer season was the 7th season of men's varsity soccer in the conference. The season began on August 30, 2019, and concluded on November 5, 2019. The regular season culminated with the 2019 American Athletic Conference Men's Soccer Tournament, which was held from November 9 to November 16.

The defending regular season and tournament champions, UCF and SMU, respectively, successfully defended their title. Both UCF, SMU, as well as South Florida were selected by the NCAA Selection Committee to the 2019 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Tournament. SMU reached the quarterfinals before losing to eventual national runners-up, Virginia. UCF lost to SMU in the Sweet Sixteen, and South Florida lost to Louisville in the first round.

UCF Knights men's soccer
The UCF Knights men's soccer team represents the University of Central Florida in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I. As of the next NCAA men's soccer season in 2023, the Knights compete in the Sun Belt Conference (SBC). This coincides with UCF's July 2023 move from the American Athletic Conference (American; now known as the American Conference), a league in which it had been a member since 2013, to the Big 12 Conference, which sponsors soccer only for women. They play their home games on UCF's main campus east of Orlando, Florida at the UCF Soccer and Track Stadium. The Knights are currently led by head coach Scott Calabrese.