hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Puccinellia stricta
Puccinellia stricta is a species of grass known by the common names Australian saltmarsh grass, and Marshgrass. It was first described by Joseph Dalton Hooker in 1853 as Glyceria stricta from a specimen collected at Akaroa, but was assigned to the genus, Puccinellia, in 1930 by Carl Hilding Blom.  It is native to New Zealand and Australia, where it is found in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania.

The species is very variable.

It is found  on the outer margins of inland salt lakes, and on river and estuary margins.

Puccinellia
Puccinellia is a genus of plants in the grass family, known as alkali grass or salt grass.

These grasses grow in wet environments, often in saline or alkaline conditions. They are native to temperate to Arctic regions of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Pivalamide
Pivalamide (2,2-dimethylpropanamide, or NDEPA), a simple amide substituted with a tert-butyl group having the chemical formula: tBu-CO-NH2. It is the amide of pivalic acid.

N-Pivalamide, is a functional group having the following chemical formula: tBu-CO-NH-R

Amide
In organic chemistry, an amide, also known as an organic amide or a carboxamide, is a compound with the general formula R−C(=O)−NR′R″, where R, R', and R″ represent any group, typically organyl groups or hydrogen atoms. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, as in asparagine and glutamine. It can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid (R−C(=O)−OH) with the hydroxyl group (−OH) replaced by an amino group (−NR′R″); or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group (R−C(=O)−) joined to an amino group.

Common amides are formamide (H−C(=O)−NH2), acetamide (H3C−C(=O)−NH2), benzamide (C6H5−C(=O)−NH2), and dimethylformamide (H−C(=O)−N(−CH3)2).

Amides are qualified as primary, secondary, and tertiary according to the number of acyl groups bounded to the nitrogen atom.
Firearms regulation in France
To buy a firearm in France, in line with the European Firearms Directive, a hunting license or a shooting sport license is necessary depending on the type, function and magazine capacity of the weapon.

5.56×45mm NATO
The 5.56×45mm NATO (official NATO nomenclature 5.56 NATO, commonly pronounced "five-five-six") is a rimless bottlenecked centerfire intermediate cartridge family developed in the late 1970s in Belgium by FN Herstal. It consists of the SS109, L110, and SS111 cartridges. On 28 October 1980, under STANAG 4172, it was standardized as the second standard service rifle cartridge for NATO forces as well as many non-NATO countries. Though they are not identical, the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge family was derived from the .223 Remington cartridge designed by Remington Arms in the early 1960s, which has a near-identical case. However, firing chamber dimensions differ slightly between rifles manufactured for the designated cartridges. The differences may cause unsafe chamber pressures when firing 5.56 NATO in rifles designed for .223 Remington. Therefore, this combination is not recommended.
Jangil
The Jangil (also Rutland Jarawa or Rutland Onge) were one of the Indigenous peoples of the Andaman Islands in India. They lived in the interior of Rutland Island, and were given the name Rutland Jarawa because it was supposed that they were related to the neighboring Jarawa people.

Very little information about the Jangil community is known and they are believed to have become extinct sometime in the early 1900s.

Maurice Vidal Portman
Maurice Vidal Portman (21 March 1860 – 14 February 1935) was a British naval officer, who is best known for documenting some of the Andamanese tribes between 1879 and 1901 when he was posted as a superintendent of the Andaman Island Penal Colony.
Ransingha
The ransingha or ransinga is a type of primitive trumpet made of copper or copper alloys, used in both India and Nepal. The instrument is made of two metal curves, joined to form an "S" shape. It may also be reassembled to form a crescent.

It is part of a group of curved-tube instruments that include the ransingha, the narsinga and the sringa. It may also be related to the laawaa and Tibetan dungchen, both straight tubular copper horns.

Natural horn
The natural horn is a musical instrument that is the predecessor to the modern-day (French) horn (differentiated by its lack of valves). Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the natural horn evolved as a separation from the trumpet by widening of the bell and lengthening of the tubes. It consists of a mouthpiece, long coiled tubing, and a large flared bell. This instrument was used extensively until the emergence of the valved horn in the early 19th century.
Jeonju
Jeonju (Korean: 전주, Korean pronunciation: [t͡ɕʌɲ.d͡ʑu], lit. 'Perfect region') is the capital and largest city of the state of Jeonbuk, South Korea. It is both urban and rural due to the closeness of Wanju County which almost entirely surrounds Jeonju (Wanju County has many residents who work in Jeonju). It is an important tourist center famous for South Korean cuisine, historic buildings, sports activities, and innovative festivals.

In May 2012, Jeonju was chosen as a Creative City for Gastronomy as part of UNESCO's Creative Cities Network. This honor recognizes the city's traditional home cooking handed down over thousands of years, its active public and private food research, a system of nurturing talented chefs, and its hosting of distinctive food festivals.

Jeonju is a city with over 1,300 years of history and culture. The city has produced many scholars and has a developed publishing industry.

Naengmyeon
Naengmyeon (냉면, in South Korea) or raengmyŏn (랭면, in North Korea) is a noodle dish of North Korean origin which consists of long and thin handmade noodles made from the flour and starch of various ingredients, including most commonly buckwheat (메밀, memil) but also potatoes, sweet potatoes, arrowroot starch (darker color and chewier than buckwheat noodles), and kudzu (칡, chik). Other varieties of naengmyeon are made from ingredients such as seaweed and green tea.

In modern times, the mul naengmyeon (물 냉면) variant is commonly associated with and popularly consumed during the summer; however, it was historically a dish enjoyed during winter.
Giacomo dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto
Fra' Giacomo dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto (9 December 1944 – 29 April 2020) was the Prince and 80th Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.  Born in Rome to a noble family with extensive ties to the Vatican, he completed his studies at the Sapienza University of Rome and taught at the Pontifical Urban University.  He joined the Order in 1985 and took full vows in 1993 to become a Knight of Justice. Dalla Torre served two separate stints as interim leader of the Order, from February to March 2008 and again from 2017 until 2018.  He was elected Grand Master of the Order on 2 May 2018 and served until his death. During his time in office he endeavoured to repair the Order's relations with the Vatican, which had been strained since Pope Francis ordered his predecessor to resign.

Matthew Festing
Fra' Robert Matthew Festing GCStJ OBE TD DL (30 November 1949 – 12 November 2021) was an English Roman Catholic official who was the Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta from 2008 until his resignation on 28 January 2017, following a dispute with the Vatican.
Madou Plaza Tower
The Madou Plaza Tower (French: Tour Madou Plaza; Dutch: Madou Plazatoren) is a skyscraper in Brussels, Belgium. It was built in 1965, renovated between 2002 and 2006, and taken over by the European Commission. It is located on the Small Ring (Brussels' inner ring road) in the municipality of Saint-Josse-ten-Noode, at 1, place Madou/Madouplein. It hosts the Commission's Directorate-General for Competition.

Saint-Josse-ten-Noode
Saint-Josse-ten-Noode (French, pronounced [sɛ̃ ʒɔs tœn nod] ⓘ) or Sint-Joost-ten-Node (Dutch, pronounced [sɪɲˌtɕoːstɛˈnoːdə] ⓘ), often simply called Saint-Josse in French or Sint-Joost in Dutch, is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the north-eastern part of the region, it is bordered by the City of Brussels and Schaerbeek.

As of 1 January 2022, the municipality had a total population of 26,965. The total area is 1.16 km2 (0.45 sq mi), which gives a population density of 23,234/km2 (60,180/sq mi). From a total of 581 municipalities in Belgium, Saint-Josse is both the smallest in area size and the most densely populated. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch).
Huangnaihai Township, Qinghai
Huangnaihai Township (Mandarin: 黄乃亥乡) is a township in Tongren County, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai, China. In 2010, Huangnaihai Township had a total population of 3,152 people: 1,592 males and 1,560 females: 769 under 14 years old, 2,152 aged between 15 and 64 and 231 over 65 years old.

Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (simplified Chinese: 黄南藏族自治州; traditional Chinese: 黃南藏族自治州; pinyin: Huángnán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu; Tibetan: རྨ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་, Wylie: rma lho bod rigs rang skyong khul) is an autonomous prefecture of eastern Qinghai, northwest China, bordering Gansu to the east. The prefecture has an area of 17,921 km2 (6,919 sq mi) and its seat is in Tongren County.
Annodex
Annodex is a digital media format developed by CSIRO to provide annotation and indexing of continuous media, such as audio and video.

It is based on the Ogg container format, with an XML language called CMML (Continuous Media Markup Language) providing additional metadata. It is intended to create a Continuous Media Web (CMWeb), whereby continuous media can be manipulated in a similar manner to text media on the World Wide Web, including searching and dynamic arrangement of elements.

Continuous Media Markup Language
Continuous Media Markup Language (CMML) is a markup language for audio or video, in the same way that HTML is one for text. CMML is essentially a timed text codec. It allows file creators to structure a time-continuously sampled data file by dividing it into temporal sections (also called clips), and provides these clips with some additional information. This information is HTML-like and is essentially a textual representation of the audio or video file. CMML enables textual searches on these otherwise binary files.

CMML is appropriate for use with all Ogg media formats, to provide subtitles and timed metadata.

CMML is deprecated; Xiph.Org Foundation recommends use Kate instead.
Veles, North Macedonia
Veles (Macedonian: Велес [ˈvɛlɛs] ⓘ) is a city in the central part of North Macedonia on the Vardar river. The city of Veles is the seat of Veles Municipality. Veles is the seventh largest Macedonian city with a total population of 40,664 (census 2021). The largest cities in the proximity of Veles are: Skopje – the capital and the largest city of North Macedonia – 54 km in the northwest direction, Štip 43 km to the east, Sveti Nikole 34 km to the northeast, Prilep 79 km in the southwest direction, and Kavadarci and Negotino 43 km and 40 km respectively to the southeast. Veles is on the crossroad of important international road and rail lines. For all these reasons, Veles is considered to have a good geolocation within North Macedonia.

Bylazora
Bylazora or Vilazora (Greek: Βιλαζόρα  Macedonian: Вилазора) was a Paeonian city from the period of early classic antiquity. It is located near the village of Knezhje, which is part of the municipality of Sveti Nikole in North Macedonia. In early times, the chief town and seat of the Paeonian kings was Bylazora on the Vardar; later, the seat of the kings was moved to Stobi.
2012 Washington Superintendent of Public Instruction election
The 2012 Washington Superintendent of Public Instruction election was held on November 6, 2012, to elect the superintendent of public instruction of Washington, concurrently with the 2012 U.S. presidential election, as well as elections to the U.S. Senate and various state and local elections, including for U.S. House and governor of Washington. Incumbent Superintendent of Public Instruction Randy Dorn was re-elected to a second term unopposed.

2012 Washington gubernatorial election
The 2012 Washington gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 2012. Candidates in the election were chosen in an August 7, 2012 primary election, under the state's nonpartisan blanket primary system, which allows voters to vote for any candidate running in the race, regardless of party affiliation. The two candidates who received the most votes in the primary election qualified for the general election.

Incumbent Governor Christine Gregoire decided to retire rather than seek a third term. She endorsed fellow Democrat Jay Inslee, a U.S. Congressman, as her successor. On March 20, 2012, Inslee resigned from Congress in order to focus on his gubernatorial campaign.

Inslee and Republican Rob McKenna, the Attorney General of Washington, advanced to the general election. Inslee narrowly won the election, and McKenna conceded three days later.
Time in Malaysia
Malaysian Standard Time (MST; Malay: Waktu Standard Malaysia, WSM or Malay: Waktu Piawai Malaysia, WPM), or sometimes Malaysian Time (MYT), is the standard time used in Malaysia. It is 8 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).  Malaysia does not observe daylight saving time.

105th meridian east
The meridian 105° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.  Under mean solar time represents the offset of UTC+07:00 time zone.

The 105th meridian east forms a great circle with the 75th meridian west.
Paul Shefflin
Paul Shefflin (30 June 1980 – 4 March 2022) was an Irish hurler who played at club level with Ballyhale Shamrocks and at inter-county level with the Kilkenny senior hurling team. He usually lined out at wing-back or corner-back.

2014–15 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship
The 2014–15 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship was the 45th staging of the All-Ireland championship since its establishment in 1970. The championship began on 12 October 2014 and ended on 17 March 2015.

Portumna were the defending champions.

Ballyhale Shamrocks won the title after a 1–18 to 1–6 win against Kilmallock in the final.
Nouhou Tolo
Nouhou Tolo (/ˈnuːhuː ˈtoʊloʊ/; born 23 June 1997), sometimes known mononymically as Nouhou, is a Cameroonian professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Major League Soccer club Seattle Sounders FC and captains the Cameroon national team. He represented Cameroon at the 2021 Africa Cup of Nations and the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

Tacoma Defiance
The Tacoma Defiance, formerly Seattle Sounders FC 2, are an American professional soccer team based in the Puget Sound region in Tukwila, Washington, United States. The team competes in MLS Next Pro, a league in the third tier of the United States soccer league system, as the reserve team of Seattle Sounders FC. Formerly, 20 percent of the club was fan-owned through the non-profit Sounders Community Trust.

The club was established in 2014 as Seattle Sounders FC 2 (S2) and originally played at Starfire Sports in Tukwila. The team moved to Tacoma's Cheney Stadium in 2018 and was rebranded as the Defiance the following season. The club operates out of the Sounders headquarters and training facility at Longacres in Renton, Washington.
Alba Adriatica
Alba Adriatica is a town and comune with 12,386 residents (2014) in the province of Teramo in the Abruzzo region of central eastern Italy.

It is known as one of the "seven sisters" of the northern Abruzzo coast, i.e. the seven coastal towns in the province of Teramo, the other six being (from north to south) Martinsicuro, Tortoreto, Giulianova, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Pineto and Silvi Marina.

It is also nicknamed Spiaggia d'argento (Silver Beach) because of the high quality standard of its beach, which earned the town the European Blue Flag in years from 2000 to 2013.

The comune of Alba Adriatica was created in 1956 by splitting it off from Tortoreto.

Pineto
Pineto is a town and comune in the province of Teramo, Abruzzo, in central Italy. It is a 20th-century seaside resort on the Adriatic coast, with sandy beaches shaded by pine trees that give their name to the town.
2019 NASCAR Pinty's Series
The 2019 NASCAR Pinty's Series is the thirteenth season of the Pinty's Series, the national stock car racing series in Canada sanctioned by NASCAR. It began with the Clarington 200 at Canadian Tire Motorsport Park on 19 May and concluded with the Pinty's Fall Brawl at Jukasa Motor Speedway on 28 September.

Louis-Philippe Dumoulin entered the season as the defending Drivers' champion. Andrew Ranger won the championship, eleven points ahead of Kevin Lacroix.

NASCAR Canada Series
The NASCAR Canada Series (NCS, French: Série NASCAR Canada) is a national NASCAR racing series in Canada, and is a continuation of the old CASCAR Super Series which was founded in 1981. It is the top NASCAR touring series in Canada.
2013 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships
The 2013 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 38th edition of the Hall of Fame Tennis Championships, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2013 ATP World Tour. It took place at the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island, United States, from July 8 through July 14, 2013. Unseeded Nicolas Mahut, who received a wildcard for the main draw, won the singles title.

2013 ATP World Tour
The 2013 ATP World Tour was the global elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2013 tennis season. The 2013 ATP World Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP World Tour Masters 1000, the ATP World Tour 500 series, the ATP World Tour 250 series, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF) and the ATP World Tour Finals. Also included in the 2013 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which was organized by the ITF and does not distribute ranking points.
Lucky Sambo
Lucky Sambo was a 1925 musical comedy staged on Broadway. It originally toured as Aces and Queens in 1923 and 1924. It was by Porter Grainger and Freddy Johnson. It played at the Colonial Theatre (New York City).

Time magazine described it as an imitator of Shuffle Along. A June 8, 1925 New York Times write-up  for it at the Colonial Theatre called it an amusing and "agile entertainment". A 1925 advertisement ran for it at the New Hyperion theater. The ad touted it as "The Black Streak of Lightning" and "The World's Fastest Show".

It starred Billy Higgins and Joe Byrd. They were also together in Midnight Steppers in 1927.

Ernest Whitman appeared in a touring version of the show.

Shuffle Along
Shuffle Along is a musical composed by Eubie Blake, with lyrics by Noble Sissle and a book written by the comedy duo Flournoy Miller and Aubrey Lyles. One of the most notable all-Black hit Broadway shows, it was a landmark in African-American musical theater, credited with inspiring the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s and '30s.

The show premiered at the 63rd Street Music Hall in 1921, running for 504 performances, a remarkably successful span for that decade. It launched the careers of Josephine Baker, Adelaide Hall, Florence Mills, Fredi Washington and Paul Robeson, and was so popular it caused "curtain time traffic jams" on West 63rd Street.

A 2016 adaptation, Shuffle Along, or, the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed, focused on the challenges of mounting the original production as well as its lasting effects on Broadway and race relations.
Power loom
A power loom is a mechanized loom that automates the weaving of cloth through leveraging mechanical power. It interlaces warp and weft threads via mechanisms like cams, gears, levers, and pulleys, replicating motions previously done manually. The mechanization of weaving dramatically increased production efficiency, contributing to the rise of large-scale textile factories during the Industrial Revolution.

Though the idea is older and experimentation predates him, Edmund Cartwright is credited with initiating power loom development with his 1785 patent. His initial versions were rudimentary but they pioneered automated weaving and laid the groundwork for factory-based production. By the early 19th century, improvements had made power looms reliable and widely adopted across Europe and North America, ushering in a new era of textile manufacturing. Cartwright’s invention marked the beginning of mechanized weaving, drastically reducing reliance on skilled handweavers.

Shuttle (weaving)
A shuttle is a tool designed to neatly and compactly store a holder that carries the thread of the weft yarn while weaving with a loom. Shuttles are thrown or passed back and forth through the shed, between the yarn threads of the warp in order to weave in the weft.

The simplest shuttles, known as "stick shuttles", are made from a flat, narrow piece of wood with notches on the ends to hold the weft yarn. More complicated shuttles incorporate bobbins or pirns.

In the United States, shuttles are often made of wood from the flowering dogwood, because it is hard, resists splintering, and can be polished to a very smooth finish. In the United Kingdom shuttles were usually made of boxwood, cornel, or persimmon.
Oplenac
The St. George's Church in Oplenac (Serbian Cyrillic: Црква Светог Ђорђа на Опленцу, romanized: Crkva Svetog Đorđa na Oplencu), also known as Oplenac (Опленац), is the mausoleum of the Serbian and Yugoslav royal house of Karađorđević located on top of the Oplenac Hill in the town of Topola, Serbia. The church of Oplenac was founded by King Peter I of Serbia. Many members of the royal house are buried in the church, in the crypt beneath the church, or in the church yard.

Nacre
Nacre (/ˈneɪkər/ NAY-kər, also /ˈnækrə/ NAK-rə), also known as mother-of-pearl, is an organic–inorganic composite material produced by some molluscs as an inner shell layer. It is also the material of which pearls are composed. It is strong, resilient, and iridescent.

Nacre is found in some of the most ancient lineages of bivalves, gastropods, and cephalopods. However, the inner layer in the great majority of mollusc shells is porcellaneous, not nacreous, and this usually results in a non-iridescent shine, or more rarely in non-nacreous iridescence such as flame structure as is found in conch pearls.

The outer layer of cultured pearls and the inside layer of pearl oyster and freshwater pearl mussel shells are made of nacre. Other mollusc families that have a nacreous inner shell layer include marine gastropods such as the Haliotidae, the Trochidae and the Turbinidae.
Cornoncillo
Cornoncillo is a hamlet in the municipality of Congosto de Valdavia. This municipality belongs to the province of Palencia and the autonomous community (first level division of Spain) of Castile and León. Its population consisted in 9 inhabitants in the year 2017.

Province of Palencia
Palencia is a province of northern Spain, in the northern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. It is bordered by the provinces of León, Cantabria, Burgos, and Valladolid.