hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Semitic languages
South Semitic is a putative branch of the Semitic languages, which form a branch of the larger Afroasiatic language family, found in (North and East) Africa and Western Asia. The grouping is controversial and several alternate classifications supplanting South Semitic have been proposed in recent decades.

Central Semitic languages
The Central Semitic languages comprise one of the two groups of West Semitic languages, alongside Modern South Arabian languages and Ethiopian Semitic languages. They are therefore of the Semitic phylum of the Afroasiatic language family. The group is spoken across much of the Arabic peninsula and north into the Levant region.

Central Semitic can itself be further divided into two groups: Arabic and Northwest Semitic. Northwest Semitic languages largely fall into the Canaanite languages (such as Ammonite, Phoenician and Hebrew) and Aramaic.
Oxyacid
An oxyacid, oxoacid, or ternary acid is an acid that contains oxygen. Specifically, it is a compound that contains hydrogen, oxygen, and at least one other element, with at least one hydrogen atom bonded to oxygen that can dissociate to produce the H+ cation and the anion of the acid.

Hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans. Hydrochloric acid is an important laboratory reagent and industrial chemical.
MyGrid
The myGrid consortium produces and uses a suite of tools design to “help e-Scientists get on with science and get on with scientists”.  The tools support the creation of e-laboratories and have been used in domains as diverse as systems biology, social science, music, astronomy, multimedia and chemistry.

The consortium is led by  Carole Goble of the Department of Computer Science at the University of Manchester, UK.

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for funding grants to undertake research and postgraduate degrees in engineering and the physical sciences, mainly to universities in the United Kingdom. EPSRC research areas include mathematics, physics, chemistry, artificial intelligence and computer science, but exclude particle physics, nuclear physics, space science and astronomy (which fall under the remit of the Science and Technology Facilities Council).
Carasobarbus
Carasobarbus, the himris, is a small genus of ray-finned fishes in the family Cyprinidae. Its species are found in rivers, streams, lakes and ponds in Western Asia and Northwest Africa. C. canis can reach 66 cm (26 in) in total length, but most other species are up to around half or one-quarter of that size.

Like many other "barbs", it was long included in Barbus. It appears to be a fairly close relative of the typical barbels and relatives – the genus Barbus proper –, but closer still to the large hexaploid species nowadays separated in Labeobarbus. Because of the improved phylogenetic knowledge which indicates Barbus was highly paraphyletic in its wide circumscription –, Carasobarbus and some other closely related "barbs" (e.g. "Barbus" reinii) may be included in Labeobarbus to avoid a profusion of very small genera. This genus is now classified in the subfamily Torinae.

Barb (fish)
A barb is one of various ray-finned fish species in a non-phylogenetic group, with members in the family Cyprinidae, and especially the genera Barbus and Puntius, but many others also. They were formerly united with the barbels in the subfamily Barbinae but that group is paraphyletic with the Cyprininae. If the Labeoninae are recognized as distinct, many small African "barbs" would probably, however, warrant recognition as a new subfamily.

The root of the word "barb" is common in cyprinid names of European languages, from the Latin barba ("beard") (COD):

barb from Catalan

barbi from Finnish

barbo from Spanish

barbeau from French

barbo from Italian

barbe from German

and many others. This is in reference to the barbels which are prominently seen around the mouth of many "barbs".
Outline of South America
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to South America.

South America is the southern continent of the two Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly (about 3/4) in the Southern Hemisphere. It lies between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. The continent is culturally, ethnically and racially diverse, home to indigenous peoples and to descendants of settlers from Europe, Africa and Asia. Due to its history of colonialism most South Americans speak Spanish or Portuguese, and its societies and states are commonly modeled after Western traditions.

Demographics of Panama
This is a demography of the population of Panama including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population.
Panama's 2020 census has been postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic but the government are currently assessing additional implications. They are evaluating the preparatory processes that can begin now, such as procurement.
Nippon Decimal Classification
The Nippon Decimal Classification (Japanese: 日本十進分類法, Hepburn: Nihonjisshinbunruihō) (NDC, also called the Nippon Decimal System) is a system of library classification developed for mainly Japanese-language books maintained and revised by the Japan Library Association since 1948. Originally developed in 1929 by Kiyoshi Mori, the 10th and latest edition of this system was published in 2014. The decimal notation system is similar to the Dewey Decimal System, and the order of main classes is inspired from the Cutter Expansive Classification. The system is based upon using a three digit number to classify subjects, where more digits can be added if necessary and a decimal point is used to separate the third and fourth digit. The first division level is called a class, the second level is called a division, and the third level is called a section. Each '1-9' digit is used to represent a specific category, with the digit '0' being used to represent general works.

Cutter Expansive Classification
The Cutter Expansive Classification system is a library classification system devised by Charles Ammi Cutter. The system was the basis for the top categories of the Library of Congress Classification.: 226
Amino acid synthesis
Amino acid biosynthesis is the set of biochemical processes (metabolic pathways) by which the amino acids are produced. The substrates for these processes are various compounds in the organism's diet or growth media. Not all organisms are able to synthesize all amino acids. For example, humans can synthesize 11 of the 20 standard amino acids. These 11 are called the non-essential amino acids.

Transaminase
Transaminases or aminotransferases are enzymes that catalyze a transamination reaction between an amino acid and an α-keto acid. They are important in the synthesis of amino acids, which form proteins.

Two important transaminase enzymes, aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT), are commonly used as indicators of liver and cardiac health.
LGBTQ rights in North Carolina
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people in the U.S. state of North Carolina may face some legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents.

Same-sex sexual activity was decriminalized in North Carolina as a result of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Lawrence v. Texas, although the state legislature has not repealed its sodomy law. The state has recognized same-sex marriage since October 10, 2014. However, an amendment to a bill prohibiting discrimination against LGBT persons in charter schools has not been signed into law.

North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Carolina Senate. Representatives serve two-year terms.

The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution: "Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election." Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that qualified voters that are 21 are eligible for candidacy except if otherwise disqualified by the constitution, and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although the latter provision is no longer enforced.

Prior to the Constitution of 1868, the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature was known as the North Carolina House of Commons.
2007 Meineke Car Care Bowl
The 2007 Meineke Car Care Bowl, one of 27 non-BCS bowl games played after the 2007 NCAA football regular season, took place on Saturday, December 29, 2007, with a 1:00 p.m. EST kickoff at Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina. Wake Forest won the game, 24-10.

The Connecticut Huskies, making just their second bowl appearance in four seasons since joining the Big East entered the game as co-Big East champions after securing a 9-3 overall record. They faced the Wake Forest Demon Deacons, representing the Atlantic Coast Conference, a school located just 80 miles from Charlotte in Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

Duke's Mayo Bowl
The Duke's Mayo Bowl is an annual college football bowl game that has been played at Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina, since 2002. Originally commissioned as the Queen City Bowl, it has undergone many name changes due to sponsorship rights. The bowl has tie-ins with the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC), Southeastern Conference (SEC), and Big Ten Conference.
ITU Region
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU), in its International Radio Regulations, divides the world into three ITU regions for the purposes of managing the global radio spectrum. Each region has its own set of frequency allocations, the main reason for defining the regions.

ITU Radio Regulations
The ITU Radio Regulations (RR) is a basic document of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) that regulates on law of nations scale radiocommunication services and the utilisation of radio frequencies. It is the supplementation to the ITU Constitution and Convention and in line with the ITU International Telecommunication Regulations (ITR). The ITU RR comprise and regulate the part of the allocated electromagnetic spectrum (also: radio frequency spectrum) from 9 kHz to 300 GHz.
2007 WABA Champions Cup
The WABA Champions Cup 2007 was the 10th staging of the WABA Champions Cup, the basketball club tournament of West Asia Basketball Association. The tournament was held in Aleppo, Syria between April 1 and April 9. The top four teams from different countries qualify for the FIBA Asia Champions Cup 2007.

WABA Champions Cup
The WABA Champions Cup, between 2011 and 2012 known as the West Asian Basketball League (WABL), was the West Asian club championship for basketball organized by West Asia Basketball Association, and took place every year, It also served as a qualifying tournament for the FIBA Asia Champions Cup.
Dolná Blava
The Dolná Blava is a right tributary of the Dolný Dudváh in Trnava District, Western Slovakia. It flows into the Dolný Dudváh near Križovany nad Dudváhom. It is 9.8 km (6.1 mi) long and its basin size is 143 km2 (55 sq mi).

Dudváh
The Dudváh (also: Horný Dudváh, Hungarian: Dudvág) is a lowland river in western Slovakia. Its source is located in the Čachtice Little Carpathians, and it mostly runs in parallel to the Váh river. It flows into the Váh near the village of Siladice. Its average discharge flow is 1.3 m³/s near Siladice. It is 41.7 km (25.9 mi) long and its basin size is 499 km2 (193 sq mi).: 72  Its former lower course, the Dolný Dudváh ("lower Dudváh"), branches off close to Siladice and flows towards the south. Near the town Čierna Voda, the Dolný Dudváh flows into the river Čierna voda, which in turn flows into the Little Danube.: 103  The Dolný Dudváh is 34.2 km (21.3 mi) long and its basin size is 751 km2 (290 sq mi).: 72
Kite square
A kite square is a device used to measure the "out-of-squareness" of a machining center or coordinate measuring machine.

“Square-ness” or “Out-of-Square” is one of the critical measurement in machine tool metrology. For rectangular measurements, it refers to angular deviation of working axes between one carriages to another. The value of Monarch VMC was previously found as 4 arc sec.

The Kite Square Technique, together with a displacement sensing instrument, can measure the alignment of any points on a line of interest. Its main components are two perpendicular bars and three calibrated artifacts (Balls). The general principle of measuring with a kite square is once one of the diagonal is aligned to working axis, the displacement deviation on artifacts in other diagonal will appear (if any) as the kite square arms are perpendicular to each other.

Coordinate-measuring machine
A coordinate-measuring machine (CMM) is a device that measures the geometry of physical objects by sensing discrete points on the surface of the object with a probe. Various types of probes are used in CMMs, the most common being mechanical and laser sensors, though optical and white light sensors do exist. Depending on the machine, the probe position may be manually controlled by an operator, or it may be computer controlled. CMMs specify a probe's position in terms of its displacement from a reference position in a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system (i.e., with XYZ axes). In addition to moving the probe along the X, Y, and Z axes, many machines also allow the probe angle to be controlled to allow measurement of surfaces that would otherwise be unreachable.
Dmitry Muserskiy
Dmitry Aleksandrovich Muserskiy (Russian: Дмитрий Александрович Мусэрский) (born 29 October 1988) is a Russian volleyball player of Ukrainian descent, member of the Russian national team and Japanese club, Suntory Sunbirds. 2012 Olympic Champion, 2011 World Cup winner, 2013 European Champion, and multiple World League medallist. Muserskiy is among the world's tallest athletes.

2022 Asian Men's Club Volleyball Championship
The 2022 Asian Men's Club Volleyball Championship  was the 22nd edition of the Asian Men's Club Volleyball Championship, an annual international men's volleyball club tournament organized by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) with Islamic Republic of Iran Volleyball Federation (I.R.I.V.F.).

The tournament was held in Tehran, Iran, from 14 to 20 May 2022. The champions qualified for the 2022 FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship.
Mehandi Laga Ke Rakhna 2
Mehandi Laga Ke Rakhna 2 is a 2018 Indian Bhojpuri language romance drama film directed by Manjul Thakur and produced by Ananjay Raghuraj with co-produced by "Kumkum Films" under "Ananya Craft And Visions" and presented by "Aadi Shakti Entertainment" With "Trimurti Entertainment Media". This film is a remake of the 1995 Kannada Film Anuraga Sangama which was already remade in Hindi as Humko Tumse Pyaar Hai. The film is a sequel of 2017 film Mehandi Laga Ke Rakhna. The stars Pradeep Pandey akka "Chintu" and Richa Dixit in lead role. While Yash Kumarr, Maya Yadav, Ranjish Jhanjhi, Upashna Vaishnav, Rajbeer Tiwari, Usha Vishwakarma, Dikeshwar Verma and Manoj Tiger appear in supporting roles. Anjana Singh and Poonam Dubey make a special appearance.

Producer Ananjay Raghuraj announced "Mehandi Laga Ke Rakhna 2" film would not be published on YouTube. He says "Me make film for theatre released not for YouTube".

Humko Tumse Pyaar Hai
Humko Tumse Pyaar Hai (transl. I Love You) is a 2006 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film directed by Bunty Soorma (Later completed by Vikram Bhatt) starring Bobby Deol, Arjun Rampal, and Ameesha Patel. It is a remake of the 1995 Kannada film Anuraga Sangama. The film's premise revolves around a blind woman who struggles to come to terms with her first love, who has been killed, and a new love who wants to help her move on with her life.
1908 South Atlantic League season
The 1908 South Atlantic League was a Class C baseball season played between April 6 and August 22. Six teams played a 120-game schedule, with the top team winning the pennant.

The Jacksonville Jays won the South Atlantic League championship, as they finished the regular season in first place.

Jacksonville Tarpons
The Jacksonville Tarpons were a minor league baseball team based in Jacksonville, Florida. They played in the Class-C South Atlantic League from 1904 through 1917. They were originally named the Jacksonville Jays from 1904 to 1910, then were the Tarpons through 1916 before being the Jacksonville Roses  their last season in 1917.
Varronia curassavica
Varronia curassavica, synonym Cordia curassavica, commonly known as black sage or wild sage, is a species of flowering plant in the family Cordiaceae. It is sometimes called tropical black sage to distinguish it from another unrelated species named black sage, Salvia mellifera. It is native to tropical America but has also been widely introduced to Southeast Asia and the tropical Pacific region, where it is an invasive weed. The specific epithet is a Latinised form of Curaçao, an island in the southern Caribbean Sea region and the locality of the type collection.

Cordiaceae
Cordiaceae is a family in the flowering plant order Boraginales. It has also been treated as the subfamily Cordioideae of a broadly circumscribed family Boraginaceae s.l., but in 2016 the Boraginales Working Group recommended treating it as the separate family Cordiaceae. This treatment is accepted by World Flora Online as of December 2025, but not by Plants of the World Online which places its genera in Boraginaceae.
16 Delphini
16 Delphini is a star in the northern constellation of Delphinus. It has an apparent magnitude of 5.54, making it faintly visible to the naked eye. The star is relatively close at a distance of 198 light years but is receding with a poorly constrained radial velocity of 2 km/s.

16 Delphini is a chemically peculiar A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A5 V. It has twice the Sun's mass, 1.9 times its radius, and shines at 18.7 L☉. This yields an effective temperature of 9,039 K, giving it a white glow. 16 Del is 400 million years old – 56.5% through its main sequence lifetime – and spins rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 159 km/s.

16 Del has a companion that was first discovered by John Herschel and was even noted to be a spectroscopic binary. It is now considered to be a single star.

Delphinus
Delphinus is a small constellation in the Northern Celestial Hemisphere, close to the celestial equator. Its name  is the Latin version for the Greek word for dolphin (δελφίς). It is one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and remains one of the 88 modern constellations recognized by the International Astronomical Union. It is one of the smaller constellations, ranked 69th in size. Delphinus' five brightest stars form a distinctive asterism symbolizing a dolphin with four stars representing the body and one the tail. It is bordered (clockwise from north) by Vulpecula, Sagitta, Aquila, Aquarius, Equuleus and Pegasus.

Delphinus is a faint constellation with only two stars brighter than an apparent magnitude of 4, Beta Delphini (Rotanev) at magnitude 3.6 and Alpha Delphini (Sualocin) at magnitude 3.8.
Crotonylidene diurea
Crotonylidene diurea (CDU) is an organic compound formed by the condensation of crotonaldehyde with two equivalents of urea. It is a white, water-soluble solid. CDU is a component of some controlled-release fertilizers.

Controlled-release fertiliser
A controlled-release fertiliser (CRF) is a granulated fertiliser that releases nutrients gradually into the soil (i.e., with a controlled release period). Controlled-release fertilizer is also known as controlled-availability fertilizer, delayed-release fertilizer, metered-release fertilizer, or slow-acting fertilizer. Usually CRF refers to nitrogen-based fertilizers.  Slow- and controlled-release involve only 0.15% (562,000 tons) of the fertilizer market (1995).
Nima (politician)
Nima (Dzongkha: ཉི་མ།) is a Bhutanese politician who has been a member of the National Council of Bhutan, since May 2018. Previously, he was a member of the National Council of Bhutan from 2013 to 2018.

National Council (Bhutan)
The National Council is the upper house of Bhutan's bicameral Parliament, which also comprises the Druk Gyalpo (Dragon King) and the National Assembly.

While sharing similarities to the Rajya Sabha of neighbouring India and the upper houses of other bicameral Westminster-style parliaments, it cannot author monetary or budget-related bills, differing from others, its twenty Members are elected by the people of the twenty districts in a multi-layered election process with each block electing a nominee for the final district level elections. Besides creating and reviewing Bhutanese legislation, the National Council acts as the house of review on matters affecting the security, sovereignty, or interests of Bhutan that need to be brought to the notice of the Druk Gyalpo, the Prime Minister and the National Assembly. Twenty members of the first Council were elected in the first ever elections for the Council held on December 31, 2007 and January 29, 2008.
Robert Aldrich (bishop)
Robert Aldrich or Aldridge (died March 1555) was Bishop of Carlisle in the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary.

Richard Aldrich was born at Burnham, Buckinghamshire, and educated at Eton and Cambridge.

In 1534 he was appointed Canon of the tenth stall at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, a position he held until 1537.

He was consecrated bishop of Carlisle on 18 July 1537. He became in 1534 register of the order of the Garter, in the room of Dr. Richard Sydnor, archdeacon of Totnes. He was praised by Erasmus, while he was a fellow of King's College, as a young man of eloquence; and Leland, the antiquary, who was his friend, has celebrated him in a copy of Latin verses. He was both master and provost of Eton; but in 1529 he retired to Oxford and was incorporated B.D. and afterwards proceeded D.D. in that university. He died in 1555 at Horncastle in Lincolnshire.

Bishop of Carlisle
The Bishop of Carlisle is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Carlisle in the Province of York.

The diocese covers the county of Cumbria except for Alston Moor and the former Sedbergh Rural District.  The see is in the city of Carlisle where the seat is located at the Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity which was a collegiate church until elevated to cathedral status in 1133.

The diocese was created in 1133 by Henry I out of part of the Diocese of Durham. It was extended in 1856 taking over part of the Diocese of Chester. The residence of the bishop was Rose Castle, Dalston, until 2009. The bishop now resides at Bishop's House, Keswick.

The current bishop is Rob Saner-Haigh, who was translated from Penrith on 1 September 2025 — the confirmation of his election.