hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nitraria
Nitraria, known as the nitre bushes, is a genus  of flowering plants in the family Nitrariaceae, native to Africa, Europe, Asia, Russia and Australia.

There are about 9 species including:

Nitraria billardierei DC., known as nitre bush or dillon bush

Nitraria retusa (Forssk.) Asch.

Nitraria schoberi L.

Nitraria sibirica Pall.

Nitraria retusa
Nitraria retusa, commonly known as Nitre bush, is a salt-tolerant and drought-resistant shrub in the family Nitrariaceae. It can grow to heights of 2.5 metres (8 ft 2 in), although it rarely exceeds more than 1 m in height. It produces white/green coloured flowers and small red fruit.

The plant is native to desert areas of northern Africa, where it grows in primary succession on barren sand dunes. It also grows in areas with high salinity such as salt marshes.
The Lover & the Beloved
The Lover & the Beloved is the fifth studio album by American singer and songwriter Donna de Lory, released on January 31, 2004 by Ajna Music. The project contains six mantras composed by De Lory and producer Dave Dale. De Lory's interpretation of "Govinda Jaya Jaya" originally appeared on her fourth studio album, In the Glow (2003).

In the Glow
In the Glow is the fourth studio album by American singer and songwriter Donna de Lory, independently released on November 26, 2003. It serves as her first album of completely original material since 2000's Bliss.
Fouad Siniora
Fouad Siniora (Arabic: فؤاد السنيورة, romanized: Fu'ād as-Sanyūrah; born 19 July 1943) is a Lebanese politician. He served as the 46th prime minister of Lebanon from 2005 to 2009. He served as minister of Finance from 2000 to 2004.

Prime Minister of Lebanon
The prime minister of Lebanon (French: Premier ministre; Arabic: رئيس الحكومة, romanized: Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma) is the head of government.

By convention, the office holder is always a Sunni Muslim.

The current prime minister is Nawaf Salam. He was tasked by President Joseph Aoun to form the new government after mandatory parliamentary consultations on 13 January 2025, having received 84 out of 128 votes. The prime minister designate does not assume office until both he and the president sign an official decree forming the government as per article 64 of the Lebanese constitution. On 8 February 2025, the new government was formed and Nawaf Salam officially assumed his duties as prime minister of Lebanon.

The prime minister is assisted by the deputy prime minister of Lebanon, currently Tarek Mitri as of 8 February 2025.
Arey Tatush
The Arey Tatush is a Russian paramotor that was designed and produced by Arey of Krasnoyarsk for powered paragliding. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Powered paragliding
Powered paragliding, also known as paramotoring or PPG, is a form of ultralight aviation where the pilot wears a back-pack motor (a paramotor) which provides enough thrust to take off using a paraglider. It can be launched in still air, and on level ground, by the pilot alone—no assistance is required.
West Siberian rebellion
The West Siberian rebellion was the largest of the Russian peasant uprisings against the nascent Bolshevik state. It began in early 1921 and was defeated at the end of 1922, due in part to the brutal repression of the militarily superior Red Army, and the famine that the region suffered.

Prodrazverstka
Prodrazverstka, also transliterated prodrazvyorstka (Russian: продразвёрстка [prədrɐˈzvʲɵrstkə], short for продовольственная развёрстка, lit. 'food apportionment'), alternatively referred to in English as grain requisitioning, was a policy and campaign of confiscation of grain and other agricultural products from peasants at nominal fixed prices according to specified quotas (the noun razverstka, Russian: развёрстка, and the verb razverstat, refer to the partition of the requested total amount as obligations from the suppliers).

The term is commonly associated with war communism during the Russian Civil War when it was introduced by the Bolshevik government. However, the Bolsheviks borrowed the idea from the grain razverstka introduced in the Russian Empire in 1916 during World War I.
Åkre, Innlandet
Åkre is a village in Rendalen Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located just north of Åkrestrømmen, near the southern end of the lake Lomnessjøen. The road leads to the village of Koppang and if you drive the other way it leads to the town of Tynset via the villages of Otnes and Bergset.

Koppang
Koppangⓘ is the administrative centre of Stor-Elvdal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located along the river Glomma in the Østerdalen valley. The Rørosbanen railway and the Norwegian National Road 3 both run through the village. The railway stops at Koppang Station. The village has several schools, shops, and a cultural center as well as a movie theater, library, bookstore, bank, and Koppang Church. The newspaper Østerdølen has been published in Koppang since 1999.

The settlement has a large modern sawmill that employs many residents. There are many opportunities for fitness trips in the area whether by skiing, riding or on foot. The 2.02-square-kilometre (500-acre) village has a population (2024) of 1,006 and a population density of 498 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,290/sq mi).
Swimming at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metre breaststroke
The men's 400 metre breaststroke was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1920 Summer Olympics programme. It was the third and last appearance of the event.

A total of 20 swimmers from ten nations competed in the event, which was held from Sunday, August 22 to Wednesday, August 25, 1920.

Swimming at the 1920 Summer Olympics
At the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, ten swimming events were contested. The women's 300 metre freestyle event was new since the previous Games in 1912. The competitions were held from Sunday August 22, 1920, to Sunday August 29, 1920. There was a total of 116 participants from 19 countries competing.
Muconic acid
Muconic acid is a dicarboxylic acid.  There are three isomeric forms designated trans,trans-muconic acid, cis,trans-muconic acid, and cis,cis-muconic acid which differ by the geometry around the double bonds.  Its name is derived from mucic acid.

trans,trans-Muconic acid is a metabolite of benzene in humans.  The determination of its concentration in urine is therefore used as a biomarker of occupational or environmental exposure to benzene.  Synthetically, trans,trans-muconic acid can be prepared from adipic acid.

cis,cis-Muconic acid is produced by some bacteria by the enzymatic degradation of various aromatic chemical compounds.

The bioproduction of muconic acid is of interest because of its potential use as a platform chemical for the production of several valuable consumer bioplastics including nylon-6,6, polyurethane, and polyethylene terephthalate.

Adipic acid
Adipic acid or hexanedioic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H10O4. It is a white crystalline powder at standard temperature and pressure. From an industrial perspective, it is the most important dicarboxylic acid at about 2.5 billion kilograms produced annually, mainly as a precursor for the production of nylon. Adipic acid otherwise rarely occurs in nature, but it is known as manufactured E number food additive E355. Salts and esters of adipic acid are known as adipates.
Wintrange Castle
Wintrange Castle (Luxembourgish: Schlass Wëntreng; French: Château de Wintrange; German: Schloss Wintringen), located in the centre of  Wintrange near Schengen in south-eastern Luxembourg,  is a privately owned Renaissance style castle built in 1610 and can be rented for weddings, events, film, and photo location.

Schengen, Luxembourg
Schengen (Luxembourgish: [ˈʃæŋən] ⓘ, French: [ʃɛŋɡɛn] ⓘ, German: [ˈʃɛŋən]) is a wine-making village and commune in far south-eastern Luxembourg, on the western bank of the river Moselle. The commune border includes the tripoint where the borders of Germany, France, and Luxembourg meet.

After the mergers with Burmerange and Wellenstein in 2011, the commune has a population of 4,224 with an area of 31.42 square kilometres (12.13 sq mi).

The largest settlement within the commune of Schengen is Remerschen after which the commune used to be named. The name of the commune was changed in 2006 to take advantage of Schengen's name recognition after the signing of the Schengen Agreement there in 1985. The town of Schengen itself had a population of 704 as of 2025.

Schengen Castle dates from 1390 but was almost completely rebuilt in the 19th century.
KT66
KT66 is the designator for a beam power tube introduced by Marconi-Osram Valve Co. Ltd. (M-OV) of Britain in 1937 and marketed for application as a power amplifier for audio frequencies and driver for radio frequencies.
The KT66 is a beam tetrode that utilizes partially collimated electron beams to form a low potential space charge region between the anode and screen grid to return anode secondary emission electrons to the anode and offers significant performance improvements over comparable power pentodes. In the 21st century, the KT66 is manufactured and used in some high fidelity audio amplifiers and musical instrument amplifiers.

Secondary emission
In particle physics, secondary emission is a phenomenon where primary incident particles of sufficient energy, when hitting a surface or passing through some material, induce the emission of secondary particles.  The term often refers to the emission of electrons when charged particles like electrons or ions in a vacuum tube strike a metal surface; these are called secondary electrons. In this case, the number of secondary electrons emitted per incident particle is called secondary emission yield. If the secondary particles are ions, the effect is termed secondary ion emission.  Secondary electron emission is used in photomultiplier tubes and image intensifier tubes to amplify the small number of photoelectrons produced by photoemission, making the tube more sensitive.  It also occurs as an undesirable side effect in electronic vacuum tubes when electrons from the cathode strike the anode, and can cause parasitic oscillation.
Janus Island
Janus Island is a rocky island 370 m (0.2 nmi) long, lying 1 km (0.5 nmi) south of Litchfield Island, off the southwest coast of Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago. Janus Island is the southernmost of the islands on the west side of the entrance to Arthur Harbor. Janus Island was named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-names Committee (UK-APC) following a survey by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1955. The name Janus Island, for the ancient Roman deity Janus who was guardian of gates, arose because of the position of the island at the entrance to Arthur Harbor.

Arthur Harbour
Arthur Harbour (64°46′S 64°04′W﻿ / ﻿64.767°S 64.067°W﻿ / -64.767; -64.067)  is a small harbour entered between Bonaparte Point and Amsler Island on the south-west coast of Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica.
Central Siberian Yupik language
Central Siberian Yupik (also known as Akuzipik, Yupigestun, and St. Lawrence Island Yupik, is an endangered Yupik language spoken by the Indigenous Siberian Yupik people along the coast of Chukotka in the Russian Far East and in the villages of Savoonga and Gambell on St. Lawrence Island. The language is part of the Eskimo–Aleut language family.

In the United States, the Alaska Native Language Center identified about 400–750 Yupigestun speakers, considering "dormant speakers" who understand but cannot converse. In Russia in 2021, 172 people indicated that they speak the language, while only 92 of them use it in everyday life. Thus, the total number of speakers is no more than 550–900 people.

Locative case
In grammar, the locative case (/ˈlɒkətɪv/ LOK-ə-tiv; abbreviated LOC) is a grammatical case which indicates a location. In languages using it, the locative case may perform a function which in English would be expressed with such prepositions as "in", "on", "at", and "by". The locative case belongs to the general local cases, together with the lative and ablative case.

The locative case exists in many language groups.
Samseongsan (Gyeonggi/Seoul)
Samseongsan (Korean: 삼성산) is a mountain in South Korea. It extends across the districts of Gwanak District and Geumcheon District, Seoul and Anyang, in Gyeonggi Province. It has an elevation of 481 m (1,578 ft).

Gwanak District
Gwanak District (Korean: 관악구; RR: Gwanak-gu) is one of the 25 districts (gu) of Seoul, South Korea. It lies on the southern skirt of Seoul, bordering Anyang, Gyeonggi Province. The southern border of Gwanak District, bordering Anyang, consists of the craggy ridgeline of Gwanaksan (Mt. Gwanak), which dominates the local geography.

Originally a part of Siheung, Gyeonggi Province, it was transferred to Seoul with the rapid expansion of the National Capital Area and its population growth in 1960s. Partitioned from Yeongdeungpo District and established as a district in 1973, it now neighbours the Seocho, Dongjak, Guro, and Geumcheon Districts, and exercises jurisdiction over 21 neighborhoods (dong), with a population of 500,000.
Norfolk Terminal Station
Norfolk Terminal Station was a railroad union station located in Norfolk, Virginia, which served passenger trains and provided offices for the Norfolk and Western Railway, the original Norfolk Southern Railway (a regional carrier in Virginia and North Carolina which became part of and later lent its name to the much larger company known as Norfolk Southern in the 1980s) and the Virginian Railway. The N&W, Norfolk Southern, and Virginian's Norfolk terminal location stood in contrast to competitor railroads, such as the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway, Southern Railway, Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, Pennsylvania Railroad and Seaboard Air Line Railroad which operated out of Cape Charles (Virginia), Newport News and Portsmouth, terminals outside of Norfolk. Customers took ferries or, later in the 20th century, buses from Norfolk to reach those other terminals. The terminal was located at 1200 East Main Street in Norfolk, near today's Harbor Park baseball stadium.

Harbor Park
Harbor Park is a stadium, used primarily for baseball, on the Elizabeth River, in downtown Norfolk, Virginia. Once rated the best minor league stadium by Baseball America, it is home to the Norfolk Tides Minor League Baseball team. The Tides are the Baltimore Orioles' Triple-A farm team and compete in the International League. Harbor Park opened on April 14, 1993, and can seat 12,067 people.
Awhad al-Din Kermani
Awḥad al-Dīn Ḥāmid ibn Abi ʾl-Fakhr Kirmānī (Persian: اوحدالدین حامد بن ابی الفخر; died 21 March 1238) was a Persian poet and Ṣūfī mystic.

Kirmānī studied under Rukn al-Dīn al-Sijāsī and joined the ṭarāʾiq (orders) of Quṭb al-Dīn al-Abharī and Abū Najīb al-Suhrawardī. He traveled from Kirmān through Azerbaijan, Iraq and Syria and met many leading mystics and philosophers of the day, including Shams al-Dīn Tabrīzī, Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī, ʿUthmān Rūmī, Saḍr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī and Fakhr al-Dīn al-ʿIrāqī. In Damascus, he met Ibn ʿArabī, who exercised a great influence on his ideas. He ended his life a teacher in Baghdad, where he was rewarded by the caliph al-Mustanṣir in 1234/1235. He probably died on 21 March 1238.

Kirmānī's writings belong to the tradition of Shāhidbāzī, seeing divine beauty in earthly things. He was criticized for the homoerotic nature of some of his writings.

Shams Tabrizi
Shams Tabrīzī  (1185–1248) was a Persian dervish and poet,  best known for his companionship with Rumi.

He is referenced with great reverence and grief in Rumi's poetic collection, in particular Divan-i Shams-i Tabrīzī. Tradition holds that Shams taught Rumi in seclusion in Konya for a period of forty days, before fleeing for Damascus. The tomb of Shams-i Tabrīzī was recently nominated to be a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
FIBA EuroBasket 2007 Division B
FIBA EuroBasket Division B was the lower tier of the EuroBasket Tournament. At the same time that Division A had the European Championship, division B had a championship to determine which teams would get promoted into division A for the following year.

FIBA EuroBasket Division B
The EuroBasket Division B was the second-ranked tier of the bi-annual EuroBasket competition. In this division the teams played off in order to get a promotion into Division A. Conversely, the two worst-performing teams of Division A were relegated into Division B. Also, the winner of the Division C tournament would be invited to promote to Division B.

EuroBasket Division B was played until 2011, when FIBA Europe decided to abolish the divisional system.
Panforte
Panforte is a chewy Italian dessert containing fruit and nuts. It is similar to a Florentine but is much thicker. Known throughout Italy, it is an Italian Christmas tradition associated especially with the province of Siena.

Florentine biscuit
Florentine biscuit (or simply, Florentine) is a sweet biscuit of nuts and fruit.

It was most likely invented in France in the 17th century and not in Italy (despite their name).

Florentines are made of nuts (typically hazelnuts and almonds) and candied cherries mixed with sugar melted together with butter and honey, cooked in an oven. They are often coated on the bottom with chocolate, which is traditionally scored in a wave pattern with the tines of a fork for decoration. Other types of candied fruit are used as well. They typically contain neither flour nor eggs.
Jinqiao station
Jinqiao (simplified Chinese: 金桥; traditional Chinese: 金橋; pinyin: Jīnqiáo) is a station on Line 9 of the Shanghai Metro. The station is located in the town of Jinqiao in Shanghai's Pudong New Area, at the intersection of Jinhai Road at Donglu Highway, between Taierzhuang Road and Jinji Road. It began passenger trial operation with the rest of phase 3 of Line 9, an easterly extension with 9 new stations, on December 30, 2017.

Line 9 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 9 is a southwest-northeast line of the Shanghai Metro network. The line runs from Shanghai Songjiang Railway Station in Songjiang District to Caolu in Pudong. The line is colored light blue on system maps.
2016 African Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 2016 African Artistic Gymnastics Championships was the 13th iteration of the event and took place on March 23–26 in Algiers, Algeria.

Both senior and junior level titles were contested at this event.

African Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The African Artistic Gymnastics Championship (French: Championnats d'Afrique de gymnastique Artistique) is the top artistic gymnastics African tournament.  Initially it was held roughly every two years but starting in 2021 it became a yearly event. It is governed by the African Gymnastics Union.
Tribeca Dog Run
The Tribeca Dog Run is a 4,000-square-foot (370 m2) public park located in the New York City borough of Manhattan. It is located on Warren Street between Greenwich Street and West Street in the Tribeca neighborhood.

Greenwich Street
Greenwich Street is a north–south street in the New York City borough of Manhattan. It extends from the intersection of Ninth Avenue and Gansevoort Street in the Meatpacking District at its northernmost end to its southern end at Battery Park. Greenwich Street runs through the Meatpacking District, the West Village, Hudson Square, and Tribeca.

Main east–west streets crossed include, from north to south, Christopher Street, Houston Street, Canal Street, and Chambers Street. North of Canal Street, traffic travels northbound on Greenwich Street; south of Canal Street, it travels southbound.
Tapinoma panamense
Tapinoma panamense is a species of ant in the genus Tapinoma. Described by William Morton Wheeler in 1934, the species is endemic to Panama. These are known to be very small, at lengths of just 1-1.5 millimetres

Tapinoma
Tapinoma (from Greek ταπείνωμα 'low position') is a genus of ants that belongs to the subfamily Dolichoderinae. The genus currently comprises 74 described species distributed worldwide in tropical and temperate regions. Species in the genus are generalized foragers, nesting in a wide variety of habitats, ranging from grasslands, open fields, woodlands, to inside buildings. The majority of species nest in the ground under objects such as stones or tree logs, other species build nests under bark of logs and stumps, in plant cavities, insect galls or refuse piles.
Nopparat Rajathanee Hospital
Nopparat Rajathanee Hospital (Thai: โรงพยาบาลนพรัตนราชธานี) is a hospital located in Khan Na Yao District, Bangkok, Thailand. It is a main teaching hospital for the College of Medicine, Rangsit University. It is also an affiliated teaching hospital of the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, the Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University and Phramongkutklao College of Medicine.

Khan Na Yao district
Khan Na Yao (Thai: คันนายาว, pronounced [kʰān nāː jāːw]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. It is bounded by other Bangkok districts (from north clockwise): Bang Khen, Khlong Sam Wa, Min Buri, Saphan Sung, and Bueng Kum. The district is most notable for Fashion Island & The Promenade shopping malls (served by Outer Ring Road - Ram Inthra MRT station on the Pink Line) and Siam Amazing Park amusement park.
Human rights in Rwanda
Human rights in Rwanda have been violated on a grand scale. The greatest violation is the Rwandan genocide of Tutsi in 1994. The post-genocide government is also responsible for grave violations of human rights.

Massacres of Hutus in the First Congo War
During the First Congo War, Rwandan, Congolese, and Burundian Hutu men, women, and children in villages and refugee camps were hunted down and became victims of mass killings in eastern Zaire (now named the Democratic Republic of the Congo).
Donegan
Donegan (Irish: Ó Donnagáin), most commonly refers to a Gaelic Irish clan from Munster. The name is diminutive of Donn which means, "the Dark One", or in modern Irish, "brown", referring to hair colour. The most prominent dynasty were an Érainn people of the Múscraige and provided a King of Munster in the 10th century in the form of Flaithbertach mac Inmainén. Much later, the family provided the Dungan Baronets and two Earls of Limerick, the most notable of which Thomas Dongan, 2nd Earl of Limerick was a Governor of New York.

Iverni
The Iverni (Ἰούερνοι, Iouernoi) were a people of early Ireland, first mentioned in Ptolemy's 2nd century Geography as living in the far south-west of the island. He also names a "city" called Ivernis (Ἰουερνίς, Iouernis) in their territory, and observes that this settlement has the same name as the island as a whole, Ivernia (Ἰουερνία, Iouernia). These Iverni are identified with the Érainn (Érnai, Érna), a people attested in Munster and elsewhere in the early Middle Ages. They included the Corcu Loígde, Corcu Duibne, Corcu Baiscind, Múscraige and Déisi, as well as the Dál Fiatach and Dál Riata. Their royal dynasties are sometimes referred to as the Dáirine.