hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brain metastasis
A brain metastasis is a cancer that has metastasized (spread) to the brain from another location in the body and is therefore considered a secondary brain tumor. The metastasis typically shares a cancer cell type with the original site of the cancer. Metastasis is the most common cause of brain cancer, as primary tumors that originate in the brain are less common. The most common sites of primary cancer which metastasize to the brain are lung, breast, colon, kidney, and skin cancer. Brain metastases can occur months or even years after the original or primary cancer is treated. Brain metastases have a poor prognosis for cure, but modern treatments allow patients to live months and sometimes years after the diagnosis.

Radiosurgery
Radiosurgery is surgery using radiation, that is, the destruction of precisely selected areas of tissue using ionizing radiation rather than excision with a blade. Like other forms of radiation therapy (also called radiotherapy), it is usually used to treat cancer. Radiosurgery was originally defined by the Swedish neurosurgeon Lars Leksell as "a single high dose fraction of radiation, stereotactically directed to an intracranial region of interest".

In stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), the word "stereotactic" refers to a three-dimensional coordinate system that enables accurate correlation of a virtual target seen in the patient's diagnostic images with the actual target position in the patient. Stereotactic radiosurgery may also be called stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) or stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) when used outside the central nervous system (CNS).
La cetra (Vivaldi)
La cetra, Op. 9, is a set of twelve violin concertos by Antonio Vivaldi, published in 1727. All of them are for violin solo, strings, and basso continuo, except No. 9 in B flat, which features two solo violins. The set was named after the cetra, a lyre-like instrument, and was dedicated to Emperor Charles VI.

La cetra is also the title given to another set of twelve violin concertos by Vivaldi which was never published. This set is almost entirely different from the published set, sharing only one concerto and one concerto movement. Like the published set, it was dedicated to Emperor Charles.

Violin concerto
A violin concerto is a concerto for solo violin (occasionally, two or more violins) and instrumental ensemble (customarily orchestra). Such works have been written since the Baroque period, when the solo concerto form was first developed, up through the present day. Many major composers have contributed to the violin concerto repertoire.

Traditionally a three-movement work, the violin concerto has been structured in four movements by a number of modern composers, including Dmitri Shostakovich, Igor Stravinsky, and Alban Berg. In some violin concertos, especially from the Baroque and modern eras, the violin (or group of violins) is accompanied by a chamber ensemble rather than an orchestra—for instance, in Vivaldi's L'estro armonico, originally scored for four violins, two violas, cello, and continuo, and in Allan Pettersson's first concerto, for violin and string quartet.
Chris Floyd
Christopher Michael Floyd (born June 23, 1975) is an American former professional football player in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football as a fullback for the University of Michigan from 1994 to 1997. As a senior, he was a member of the undefeated national champion 1997 Michigan Wolverines football team. He played in the NFL, principally as a special team player, for the New England Patriots from 1998 to 2000 and briefly for the Cleveland Browns at the end of the 2000 season.

2000 Cleveland Browns season
The 2000 Cleveland Browns season was the team's 48th season with the National Football League and 52nd overall. It was the second season of the "New Browns", which returned to the NFL in 1999.

Kicker Phil Dawson was the Browns’ leading scorer with 59 points. The Browns total offense ranked 31st (last) in the league, while their total defense ranked 26th in the league. The 2000 Browns’ 161 points scored (10.06 per game) is the third-fewest ever by a team in a 16-game schedule, tied with the 1998 Eagles and behind the 1992 Seahawks and 1991 Colts. Additionally, their four games without scoring is the most in the NFL since the 1977 Buccaneers failed to score six times; by contrast the 2016 and 2017 Browns went a combined 1–31 but never failed to score a point in any game. The 1999 Browns scored 217 points, or 3.50 more per game than in 2000.
Brain as food
The brain, like most other internal organs, or offal, can serve as nourishment. Brains used for nourishment include those of pigs, squirrels, rabbits, horses, cattle, monkeys, chickens, camels, fish, lamb, and goats. In many cultures, different types of brain are considered a delicacy.

Maghaz
Maghaz (Hindi: मग़ज़, Urdu: مغز, Bengali: মগজ), also known as Bheja (Hindi: भेजा, Urdu: بھیجا), is an offal dish, originating from the Indian subcontinent, popular in Pakistani, Bangladeshi, and Indian cuisine. It is the brain of a cow, goat or sheep served with gravy.

In the Hyderabadi cuisine of India, maghaz masala (bheja fry) is a deep fried goat brain delicacy. Mogoz bhuna is a popular dish in Bangladeshi cuisine, which is cattle or sheep/goat brain sautéed in hot spices. Almonds and pistachios are often added.
Dowlatabad, Azna
Dowlatabad (Persian: دولت اباد, also Romanized as Dowlatābād and Daulatābād) is a village in Pachehlak-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Azna County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 634, in 132 families. It is located just to the southeast of Cheshmeh Soltan.

Cheshmeh Soltan
Cheshmeh Soltan (Persian: چشمه سلطان, also Romanized as Cheshmeh Solţān; also known as Cheshmeh Solţār) is a village in Pachehlak-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Azna County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 260, in 57 families.
Matsudaira Sadanobu
Matsudaira Sadanobu (松平 定信; Japanese pronunciation: [ma.tsɯ.daꜜi.ɾa | sa.daꜜ.no.bɯ, maꜜ.tsɯ.dai.ɾa-], January 15, 1759 – June 14, 1829) was a Japanese daimyō of the mid-Edo period, famous for his financial reforms which saved the Shirakawa Domain (modern: Shirakawa, Fukushima), and similar reforms he undertook during his tenure as chief senior councilor (老中首座, rōjū shuza) of the Tokugawa shogunate, from 1787 to 1793.

Iyo-Matsuyama Domain
Iyo-Matsuyama Domain (伊予松山藩, Iyo-Matsuyama-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now central Ehime Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It was centered around Matsuyama Castle, and was ruled throughout most of its history by the shinpan daimyō Hisamatsu-Matsudaira clan. Iyo-Matsuyama Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Ehime Prefecture.
2018 Open Castilla y León
The 2018 Open Castilla y León was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 33rd edition, for men, and 4th edition, for women, of the tournament and part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2018 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in El Espinar, Segovia, Spain, between 30 July – 5 August 2018.

2018 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2018 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's Circuit is a second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $100,000.
Digital encoding of APL symbols
The programming language APL uses a number of symbols, rather than words from natural language, to identify operations, similarly to mathematical symbols. Prior to the wide adoption of Unicode, a number of special-purpose EBCDIC and non-EBCDIC code pages were used to represent the symbols required for writing APL.

APL (programming language)
APL (named after the book A Programming Language) is a programming language developed in the 1960s by Kenneth E. Iverson. Its central datatype is the multidimensional array. It uses a large range of special graphic symbols to represent most functions and operators, leading to very concise code. It has been an important influence on the development of concept modeling, spreadsheets, functional programming, and computer math packages. It has also inspired several other programming languages.
Zhenping Road station
Zhenping Road (simplified Chinese: 镇坪路; traditional Chinese: 鎮坪路; pinyin: Zhènpíng Lù) is the name of an interchange station on the Shanghai Metro. It serves Lines 3, 4 and 7. The station typically handles 108,000 passengers on weekdays.

The station is located in Putuo District, Shanghai, and opened on 26 December 2000 as part of the initial section of Line 3 from Shanghai South Railway Station to Jiangwan Town, and Line 4 service began here on the final day of 2005. The interchange with Line 7 opened along with the first section of that line from Huamu Road to Shanghai University on 5 December 2009.

Shanghai South Railway Station metro station
Shanghai South Railway Station (Chinese: 上海南站; pinyin: Shànghǎi Nánzhàn) is an interchange station between Lines 1, 3 and 15 of the Shanghai Metro. It is the southern terminus of Line 3.

Both the metro station and the associated railway station were formerly named Xinlonghua (simplified Chinese: 新龙华; traditional Chinese: 新龍華; pinyin: Xīnlónghuá) when Line 1 first opened on 28 May 1993. The interchange with Line 3 opened with the opening of that line on 26 December 2000. The interchange with line 15 opened on 23 January 2021.
Leung government
The administration of Leung Chun-ying as Chief Executive of Hong Kong, officially referred to as "The 4th term Chief Executive of Hong Kong" relates to the period of governance of Hong Kong since the transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong, between 1 July 2012 and 30 June 2017.

Jeffrey Lam
Jeffrey Lam Kin-fung, GBM, GBS, JP (Chinese: 林健鋒; Cantonese Yale: Lam Gihn Fūng; born 23 October 1951) is a Hong Kong politician who served as non-official member of the Executive Council (Exco). He was previously a member of the Legislative Council (Legco), representing the Commercial (First) functional constituency, from 2004 to 2025.
2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
The 2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the nine U.S. representatives from the State of Arizona, one from all nine of the state's congressional districts. The elections will coincide with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary elections will take place on July 21, 2026.

2026 United States House of Representatives elections
The 2026 United States House of Representatives elections are scheduled to be held on Tuesday, November 3, 2026, as part of the 2026 midterm elections during President Donald Trump's second, non-consecutive term. Voters will elect representatives from all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states, and five of the six non-voting delegates from the District of Columbia and the inhabited U.S. territories.

Special elections may also be held on dates throughout 2026. Numerous other federal, state, and local elections, including elections to the Senate, will be held on this date. The winners of this election will serve in the 120th United States Congress, with seats apportioned among the states based on the 2020 United States census and revised district maps as a result of the 2025–2026 United States redistricting.
Löfven II cabinet
The second cabinet of Stefan Löfven (Swedish: regeringen Löfven II) was the government of Sweden from 21 January 2019 to 9 July 2021. It was a coalition, consisting of two parties: the Social Democrats and the Green Party. The cabinet was installed on 21 January 2019, following the 2018 general election.

In a vote of no-confidence held on 21 June 2021, the prime minister was voted out of office. The cabinet remained a caretaker government until a new cabinet was appointed.

With only 116 out of 349 seats (33%) in the Riksdag (Swedish parliament), the "red-green" coalition began as one of the smallest minority governments in Swedish history, and it relied on support from other parties in the Riksdag.

The cabinet was installed following a formal government meeting with King Carl XVI Gustaf on 21 January 2019. Stefan Löfven had previously announced his cabinet ministers at a parliament session.

Municipalities of Sweden
The municipalities of Sweden (Swedish: Sveriges kommuner) are its generally smaller but co-equal local government entities. There are 290 municipalities which are responsible for a large proportion of local services, including schools, emergency services and physical planning.
2017 Donald Trump speech to a joint session of Congress
Donald Trump, the 45th president of the United States, addressed a joint session of the United States Congress on February 28, 2017. It was his first public address before a joint session during his first term. Like a State of the Union Address, it was delivered before the 115th United States Congress in the Chamber of the House of Representatives in the United States Capitol. Presiding over this joint session was the House speaker, Paul Ryan, accompanied by Mike Pence, the vice president in his capacity as the president of the Senate.

Joint session of the United States Congress
A joint session of the United States Congress is a gathering of members of the two chambers of the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States: the Senate and the House of Representatives. Joint sessions can be held on any special occasion, but are required to be held when the president delivers a State of the Union address, when they gather to count and certify the votes of the Electoral College as the presidential election, or when they convene on the occasion of a presidential inauguration. A joint meeting is usually a ceremonial or formal occasion and does not perform any legislative function, and no resolution is proposed nor vote taken.

Joint sessions and meetings are usually held in the Chamber of the House of Representatives, and are traditionally presided over by the speaker of the House. The Constitution requires the vice president (as president of the Senate) to preside over the counting of electoral votes by Congress.
5120 Bitias
5120 Bitias /ˈbɪtiəs/ is a Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 48 kilometers (30 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 13 October 1988, by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The assumed C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 15.2 hours. It was named after Bitias, a companion of Aeneus in Virgil's Aeneid.

Carolyn S. Shoemaker
Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (June 24, 1929 – August 13, 2021) was an American astronomer and a co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9. She discovered 32 comets (then a record for the most by an individual) and more than 500 asteroids.

Having earned degrees in history, political science, and English literature, she had little interest in planetary science until she met and married geologist Eugene Merle Shoemaker. Her career in astronomy began when she demonstrated good stereoscopic vision, a particularly valuable quality for looking for objects in near-Earth space. Despite the fact that her degrees were not in science, having that visual ability motivated the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to hire her as a research assistant on a team led by her husband. She went on to making record-setting discoveries in the field of astronomy, as well as being awarded honorary degrees and many professional awards.
Sockerdricka
Sockerdricka (Swedish for 'sugar drink') is a soft drink dating from the 19th century. Originally it was brewed and also contained ginger, but nowadays it consists of carbonated water, sugar, citric acid, and flavorants. It is quite similar to Fruktsoda. It is still sold, despite strong competition from more modern soft drinks such as 7 Up and Sprite. Sockerdricka is a popular base for many cocktails.

Sprite (drink)
Sprite is a clear, lemon-lime flavored soft drink created by the Coca-Cola Company. Sprite comes in additional flavors, including cranberry, cherry, grape, orange, tropical, ginger, pineapple, and vanilla. Ice, peach, Berryclear remix, and newer versions of the drinks are artificially sweetened. Sprite was created primarily to compete against PepsiCo and Keurig Dr Pepper's 7 Up.
Yanyuan County
Yanyuan County (Chinese: 盐源县; pinyin: Yányuán Xiàn; Yi: ꑸꑼꑤ yiep yuop xiep, also ꋂꂿꑤ ce mo xiep) is a county in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China, bordering Yunnan province to the west. The county is located in Sichuan's rugged Hengduan Mountains in southwest Sichuan, but the county seat of Yanjing (盐井) is situated in an unusually flat basin with a 30 km (19 mi) diameter.  Yanjing, as the county seat, is usually referred to as Yanyuan.

Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture
Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (Northern Yi: /nɛ˨˩ʂa˧/) is an autonomous prefecture occupying much of the southern extremity of Sichuan province, People's Republic of China. Its seat is Xichang. Liangshan covers an area of 60,261 km2 (23,267 sq mi) and has over 4.8 million inhabitants as of 2020. It has the largest population of ethnic Yi (or Nosu) among China's prefectures. Liangshan contains a number of isolated villages high up on its cliffs, often known as "cliff villages".

Xichang has the Xichang Qingshan Airport and the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. The prefecture also features a substantial network of railways for both passengers and freight.
2003 Vuelta a España, Stage 1 to Stage 11
The 2003 Vuelta a España was the 58th edition of the Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in Gijón, with a team time trial on 6 September, and Stage 11 occurred on 17 September with a stage to Cuenca. The race finished in Madrid on 28 September.

2003 Vuelta a España
The 58th edition of the Vuelta a España (Tour of Spain), a long-distance bicycle stage race and one of the three grand tours, was held from 6 September to 28 September 2003. It consisted of 21 stages covering a total of 2,957 km (1,837 mi), and was won by Roberto Heras of the U.S. Postal cycling team.

Isidro Nozal lead the general classification for much of the race until succumbing to the pressure posed by Roberto Heras who closed the gap to Nozal over the final days and took the jersey in the final time trial. The points classification was won by Erik Zabel from Germany, the mountains classification was won by Félix Cárdenas from Colombia and the combination classification was won by Alejandro Valverde. iBanesto.com was the winner of the team ranking. Alessandro Petacchi, an Italian sprinter won five stages.
Caucasian Albanian (Unicode block)
Caucasian Albanian is a Unicode block containing characters used by the Caucasian Albanian peoples of Azerbaijan and Dagestan for writing Northeast Caucasian languages.

Typefaces supporting this script include such as Arian AMU[hy], Noto Sans Caucasian Albanian and Unifont Upper. Recent versions of Windows also support Calibri and Microsoft Sans Serif.

Northeast Caucasian languages
The Northeast Caucasian languages, also called East Caucasian, Nakh-Daghestani or Vainakh-Daghestani, or sometimes Caspian languages (from the Caspian Sea, in contrast to Pontic languages for the Northwest Caucasian languages), is a family of languages spoken in the Russian republics of Dagestan, Chechnya and Ingushetia and in Northern Azerbaijan as well as in Georgia and diaspora populations in Western Europe and the Middle East. According to Glottolog, there are currently 36 Nakh-Dagestanian languages.
Rahe (crater)
Rahe is a crater on the planet Mars in the Tharsis quadrangle, positioned at 25.05° north latitude and 262.52° east longitude, between the volcanoes Ceraunius Tholus and Uranius Tholus. It measures approximately 34 kilometers in diameter and was named after Jürgen Rahe, a German-American astronomer and NASA science program director.

Uranius Tholus
Uranius Tholus is a volcano on Mars located in the Tharsis quadrangle at 26.52° north latitude and 262.43° east longitude. It is 61.4 kilometres (38 mi) across with an elevation of 4,290 metres (14,075 ft) and was named after a classical albedo feature name.

Uranius Tholus is part of the Uranius group of volcanoes and lies north of the larger Ceraunius Tholus.
Miss Brazil 2005
Miss Brazil 2005 (Portuguese: Miss Brasil 2005) was the 51st edition of the Miss Brazil pageant. It was held on 14 April 2005 at Copacabana Palace in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil and was hosted by Nayla Micherif with Roger Gobeth, Juliana Silveira, Igor Cotrim, and Maria Carolina Ribeiro all as commentators. The Pre-Show was hosted by Astrid Fontenelle. Fabiane Niclotti of Rio Grande do Sul crowned her successor Carina Beduschi of Santa Catarina at the end of the event. Beduschi represented Brazil at the Miss Universe 2005 pageant. 1st Runner-Up, Patrícia Reginato of Paraná, represented Brazil at Miss World 2005 and 2nd Runner-Up, Ariane Colombo of Espírito Santo, represented the country at Miss International 2005.

Miss International 2005
Miss International 2005 was the 45th Miss International pageant, held at the Koseinenkin Hall in Tokyo, Japan, on September 26, 2005.

Jeymmy Vargas of Colombia crowned Lara Quigaman of the Philippines as her successor at the end of the event. She became the fourth Filipino to win the pageant.
2018 New York State Comptroller election
The 2018 New York Comptroller election was held on November 6, 2018, alongside other New York elections for Governor, State Senate, State Assembly, and Attorney General. Incumbent Democrat Thomas DiNapoli easily won a third term, defeating Republican nominee Jonathan Trichter and minor party candidates.

2018 New York State Assembly election
Elections to the New York State Assembly were held on November 6, 2018, along with elections for the state senate, governor, and U.S. senator, among others. The Democrats retained their majority with no net change in seats from 2016. Eight seats changed hands, four from Republican to Democrat and four from Democrat to Republican.
1996 Mosconi Cup
The 1996 Dr Martens Mosconi Cup, the third edition of the annual nine-ball pool competition between teams representing Europe and the United States, took place 19–22 December 1996 at the Goresbrook Leisure Centre in Dagenham, London, England.

Team USA won the Mosconi Cup by defeating Team Europe 15–13.

Mosconi Cup
The Mosconi Cup is an annual nine-ball pool tournament contested since 1994 between teams representing Europe and the United States. Named after American pool player Willie Mosconi, the event is comparable to the Ryder Cup in golf and the Weber Cup in bowling.

Team composition and formats have varied over the years. As of 2024, each team has five playing members. Each team also has a captain and vice captain, who may be among the players, or may be non-playing additional members of the team. The teams compete over one team match, several doubles matches and singles matches, with the first team to win 11 matches claiming victory.

On 3 December 2024, Team Europe beat Team USA 11–6, kept the title and took an overall series lead of 17–13, with one tie.