hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Air Warning Squadron 4
Air Warning Squadron 4 (AWS-4) was a United States Marine Corps aviation command and control squadron during World War II. The squadron's primary mission was to provide aerial surveillance and early warning of approaching enemy aircraft during amphibious assaults.  The squadron participated in the Philippines campaign (1944–1945) in support of the Eighth Army on Mindanao.  AWS-4 was decommissioned shortly after the war in October 1945.  To date, no other Marine Corps squadron has carried the lineage and honors of AWS-4 to include Marine Air Control Squadron 4 (MACS-4).

Marine Air Control Squadron 4
Marine Air Control Squadron 4 (MACS-4) is a United States Marine Corps aviation command and control squadron that provides aerial surveillance, Ground-controlled interception, and air traffic control for the III Marine Expeditionary Force. Originally formed in World War II, the squadron's most notable combat operations occurred during the Vietnam War when it was the first unit to ever use the Marine Tactical Data System.  They are currently based at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma and fall under the command of Marine Air Control Group 18 and the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing.
Searchlight on Japan
Searchlight on Japan is an Australian documentary about the Allied occupation of Japan after World War II directed by Ken G. Hall. It typically played as a support feature in cinemas.

The film was sold to American television.

National Film and Sound Archive
The National Film and Sound Archive of Australia (NFSA), based in Canberra and known as ScreenSound Australia from 1999 to 2004, is Australia's audiovisual archive, responsible for developing, preserving, maintaining, promoting, and providing access to a national collection of film, television, sound, radio, video games, new media, and related documents and artefacts. The collection ranges from works created in the late nineteenth century when the recorded sound and film industries were in their infancy, to those made in the present day.

The NFSA collection first started as the National Historical Film and Speaking Record Library (within the then Commonwealth National Library) in 1935, becoming an independent cultural organisation in 1984. On 3 October, Prime Minister Bob Hawke officially opened the NFSA's headquarters in Canberra.
Alton Towers railway station
Alton is a former railway station in Staffordshire, England, which served the village of Alton and the country estate at Alton Towers. Opened in 1849 by the North Staffordshire Railway, the station was a stop on the Churnet Valley line. In 1954, the station was renamed Alton Towers. After its closure in 1965, the station site was purchased by Staffordshire County Council in 1969 to curtail persistent vandalism of the station building. In 1979, it was sold to the Landmark Trust, which reverted the site's name back to Alton and converted the former station buildings into holiday accommodation.

Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 19th Earl of Shrewsbury
Charles John Chetwynd-Talbot, 19th Earl of Shrewsbury, 19th Earl of Waterford, 4th Earl Talbot, PC (13 April 1830 – 11 May 1877), styled Viscount Ingestre between 1849 and 1868, was a British Conservative politician. He served as Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms under Benjamin Disraeli between 1875 and 1877.
Land's End (electoral division)
Land's End is an electoral division of Cornwall in the United Kingdom which returns one member to sit on Cornwall Council. It was created at the 2021 local elections, being created from the former divisions of St Buryan, and St Just in Penwith. The current councillor is Brian Clemens, an Independent.

Sancreed
Sancreed (Cornish: Eglossankres) is a village and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, approximately three miles (5 km) west of Penzance.

Sancreed civil parish encompasses the settlements of Bejouans, Bosvennen, Botreah, Drift, Sancreed Churchtown, Trenuggo, and Tregonnebris. It is bounded by St Just parish to the west, Madron parish to the northeast, and St Buryan and Paul parishes to the south. The parish comprises 4,608 acres (18.65 km2) of land including Drift Reservoir, which provides drinking water for the area.
Jacob A. Frenkel
Jacob Aharon Frenkel (Hebrew: יעקב אהרן פרנקל; born 8 February 1943) is an Israeli economist and, until the end of 2019, was the chairman of JPMorgan Chase International. He served as governor of the Bank of Israel between 1991 and 2000.

National Bureau of Economic Research
The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is an American private nonprofit research organization "committed to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic community." The NBER is known for proposing start and end dates for recessions in the United States.

Many chairpersons of the Council of Economic Advisers were previously NBER research associates, including the former NBER president and Harvard professor Martin Feldstein. The NBER's current president and CEO is James M. Poterba of MIT.
Körslaget 2010
Körslaget 2010 is the fourth season of TV4's entertainment show Körslaget. It premiered on 20 March 2010.  A feature of this season was Gabriel Forss's comment on each performance, and a choir was led by two contestants, Team Rongedal. It was also the first season to be aired on TV4 HD.

Ralf Gyllenhammar
Ralf Rafael Gyllenhammar (born Rafael Wolfgang Sebek; 1 July 1966) is a Swedish musician. He is the frontman of the rock/metal band Mustasch and was also the frontman of B-Thong with whom he released one album, From Strength to Strength in 1997, shortly before the band's breakup.

In 2007, his work with Klipptoppen earned him an award as the best "Alternative Presenter of the Year". Gyllenhammar was also one of several guest artists on the double disc soundtrack for the Swedish drama series Upp Till Kamp. Currently Gyllenhammar is endorsed by Schecter guitars which he tunes to drop C tuning and Blackstar Amplification.
Pablo Larios
Pablo Larios Iwasaki (Japanese: パブロ・ラリオス・イワサキ, July 31, 1960 – January 31, 2019) was a Mexican professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He was nicknamed "El Arquero de la Selva" (The Goalkeeper of the Jungle), both for being from Zacatepec, a town in the Mexican state of Morelos known for his humid and warm climate, and for starting his career with his hometown's football club.

Japanese Mexicans
Japanese Mexicans are Mexican citizens of Japanese descent. Organized Japanese immigration to Mexico occurred in the 1890s with the foundation of a coffee-growing colony in the state of Chiapas. Although this initiative failed, it was followed by greater immigration from 1900 to the beginning of World War II. However, it never reached the levels of Japanese immigration to the Americas such as Brazil or the United States.

Immigration halted during World War II and many Japanese nationals and even some naturalized Mexican citizens of Japanese origin were forced to relocate from communities in Baja California, Sinaloa, and Chiapas to Mexico City and other areas in the interior until the war was over. After the war, immigration began again, mostly due to Japanese companies investing in Mexico and sending over skilled employees.
Sexuality in Japan
Sexuality in Japan developed separately from that of mainland Asia, as Japan did not adopt the Confucian view of marriage, in which chastity is highly valued. Monogamy in marriage is often thought to be less important in Japan, and sometimes married men may seek pleasure from courtesans. Prostitution in Japan has a long history, and became especially popular during the Japanese economic miracle, as evening entertainments were tax-deductible. Decreased sex drive in the 21st century has been blamed for the low Japanese birth rate and declining growth of the Japanese population.

Hentai
Hentai (ヘンタイ, deviation/abnormality; 変態) is a style of Japanese pornographic anime and manga. In addition to anime and manga, hentai works exist in a variety of media, including artwork and video games (commonly known as eroge).

The development of hentai has been influenced by Japanese cultural and historical attitudes toward sexuality. Hentai works, which are often self-published, form a significant portion of the market for doujin works, including doujinshi. Numerous subgenres exist depicting a variety of sexual acts and relationships, as well as novel fetishes.
Boğazkale
Boğazkale ("Gorge Fortress") is a town of Çorum Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey, located 87 kilometres (54 mi) from the city of Çorum. It is the seat of Boğazkale District. Its population is 1,203 (2022). Formerly known as Boğazköy ("Gorge Village"), Boghaz Keui or Boghazköy, this small town (basically one street of shops) sits in a rural area on the road from Çorum to Yozgat. The town consists of 4 quarters: Yekbas, Çarşı, Hattusas and Hisar.

Boğazkale is the site of the ancient Hittite city Hattusa and its sanctuary Yazılıkaya. Because of its rich historic and architectural heritage, the town is a member of the Norwich-based European Association of Historic Towns and Regions (EAHTR).

Çorum
Çorum (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈtʃoɾum]) is a northern Anatolian city in Turkey. Çorum is located inland in the central Black Sea Region of Turkey and is approximately 244 km (152 mi) from Ankara and 608 km (378 mi) from Istanbul. It is the seat of Çorum Province and of Çorum District. Its population is 269,595 (2022). The city has an elevation of 801 m (2,628 ft) above sea level.

Çorum is primarily known for its Phrygian and Hittite archaeological sites, its thermal springs, and its native roasted chickpea snacks known nationally as leblebi.
San Carlos Yautepec
San Carlos Yautepec is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in southeastern Mexico and is the second largest municipality in Oaxaca, only being smaller than Santa María Chimalapa. 
It is part of the Yautepec District in the east of the Sierra Sur Region.
The name "Yautepec" means "hill of black corn".

Santa María Chimalapa
Santa María Chimalapa is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in southeastern Mexico and the easternmost and largest municipality in Oaxaca, but is also the least densely populated municipality in Oaxaca.   
It is part of the Juchitán District in the west of the Istmo de Tehuantepec region.
Forkston Mountain
Forkston Mountain is a mountain located in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania. This mountain is located in the region of Pennsylvania known as the Endless Mountains. Forkston Mountain is a part of the Allegheny Plateau and rises over the Susquehanna River. Forkston Mountain has a fire tower located at the summit.

Endless Mountains
The Endless Mountains is a geographical, geological, and cultural region in Northeastern Pennsylvania. The Endless Mountains region includes Bradford, Sullivan, Susquehanna, and Wyoming counties. The highest peak in the region is the North Knob of Elk Mountain at 2,693 feet (821 meters). The dissected plateau is a subrange of the Appalachian Mountains.
2017 CS Ondrej Nepela Trophy
The 2017 CS Ondrej Nepela Trophy was held in September 2017. It is an annual senior international figure skating competition held in Bratislava, Slovakia. It was part of the 2017–18 ISU Challenger Series. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance.

2017–18 ISU Challenger Series
The 2017–18 ISU Challenger Series was held from September to December 2017. It was the fourth season that the ISU Challenger Series, a group of senior-level international figure skating competitions, was held.
Amazing Crowns
The Amazing Crowns (formerly Amazing Royal Crowns) is a rock band that began in Providence, Rhode Island in 1993. The lineup of the Crowns consists of vocalist Jason "King" Kendall, bassist Jack "the Swinger" Hanlon, guitarist J.D. Burgess, and drummer Judd Williams. The band's music has been described as "a hot & fast concotion of punked-up rockabilly".

The Reverend Horton Heat
The Reverend Horton Heat is the stage name of American musician James C. Heath (born 1959) as well as the name of his psychobilly trio from Dallas. Heath is a singer, songwriter, and guitarist. A reviewer for the magazine Prick called Heath the "godfather of modern rockabilly and psychobilly".

The group formed in 1986, playing its first gigs in Dallas' Deep Ellum neighborhood. The core members are Jim "Reverend Horton" Heath on guitars and lead vocals, and Jimbo Wallace on the upright bass. The band signed to Victory Records in 2012, and released its 12th studio album, Whole New Life, on November 30, 2018.

The band plays rock and roll with influences from 1950s country music, surf music, punk, big band, swing, and rockabilly standards.
Zero element
In mathematics, a zero element is one of several generalizations of the number zero to other algebraic structures. These alternate meanings may or may not reduce to the same thing, depending on the context.

Empty set
In mathematics, the empty set or void set is the unique set having no elements; its size or cardinality (count of elements in a set) is zero. Some axiomatic set theories ensure that the empty set exists by including an axiom of empty set, while in other theories, its existence can be deduced. Many possible properties of sets are vacuously true for the empty set.

Any set other than the empty set is called non-empty.

In some textbooks and popularizations, the empty set is referred to as the "null set".  However, null set is a distinct notion within the context of measure theory, in which it describes a set of measure zero (which is not necessarily empty).
Hitler and Mannerheim recording
The Hitler and Mannerheim recording is a 1942 recording of a private conversation between German dictator Adolf Hitler and Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, Commander-in-Chief of the Finnish Defence Forces. It took place on a secret visit made to Finland by Hitler to honour Mannerheim's 75th birthday on 4 June 1942, during the Continuation War, a sub-theatre of World War II. Thor Damen, a sound engineer for the Finnish broadcaster Yleisradio (YLE) who had been assigned to record the official birthday proceedings, recorded the first eleven minutes of Hitler and Mannerheim's private conversation without Hitler's knowledge. It is the only known recording of Hitler speaking in an unofficial tone.

Hitler's Stalingrad speech
Hitler's Stalingrad speech was an address made by Nazi leader Adolf Hitler to senior members of the Nazi Party on 8 November 1942. The speech took place at the Löwenbräukeller in Stiglmaierplatz in Munich during the height of the Battle of Stalingrad.
Expo 58 (novel)
Expo 58 is the tenth novel by Jonathan Coe. First published by Viking in 2013, much of the novel's action centres around the British pavilion at the Brussels World's Fair. The work was nominated to the 2015 longlist for the International Dublin Literary Award.

Expo 58
Expo 58, also known as the 1958 Brussels World's Fair (French: Exposition universelle et internationale de Bruxelles; Dutch: Wereldtentoonstelling van Brussel), was a world's fair held on the Heysel/Heizel Plateau in Brussels, Belgium, from 17 April to 19 October 1958. It was the first major world's fair registered under the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE) after World War II and the fifth in Brussels overall.

Expo 58 left a deep impression on Belgium. It was also the pretext for major upheavals and works in Brussels, whose boulevards were transformed into urban motorways. The Atomium, built for the occasion, has become one of the city's must-see landmarks.
Voivodeship road 102
Voivodeship Road 102 (Polish: Droga wojewódzka nr 102, abbreviated DW 102) is a route in the Polish voivodeship roads network. It runs through the north of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship leading from Misdroy, and into Kołobrzeg where it meets the National Road 11 and Voivodeship Road 163.

Voivodeship road
According to classes and categories of public roads in Poland, a voivodeship road (Polish: droga wojewódzka) is a category of roads one step below national roads in importance. The roads are numbered from 100 to 993. Total length of voivodeship roads in Poland is 28,536 km (17,730 mi) of which 61.4 km (38 mi) are unpaved (2008).
Passport Software
Passport Software, Inc. is a privately held company located in Northfield, Illinois that manufactures and markets accounting software, manufacturing software, and business software to small to mid-sized companies under the brand name Passport Business Solutions.

Passport Software, Inc. released their latest version of software in 2020 with annual updates.  Passport Business Solutions is available in
Windows, UNIX and Linux versions. PBS is the next generation of RealWorld software.

Accounting software
Accounting software is a computer program that maintains account books on computers, including recording transactions and account balances. It may depend on virtual thinking. Depending on the purpose, the software can manage budgets, perform accounting tasks for multiple currencies, perform payroll and customer relationship management, and prepare financial reporting. Work to have accounting functions be implemented on computers goes back to the earliest days of electronic data processing. Over time, accounting software has revolutionized from supporting basic accounting operations to performing real-time accounting and supporting financial processing and reporting. Cloud accounting software was first introduced in 2011, and it allowed the performance of all accounting functions through the internet.
Otoyol
The Otoyol (Plural: Otoyollar) is the national network of controlled-access highways in Turkey. The term Otoyol translates to motorway while the literal meaning is auto-route. The Otoyol was first opened in 1973.

As of December 2024, there are 3,796 km of otoyol in service, the network passes through 28 provinces out of 81 in Turkey.

The system previously consisted of three separate networks; the Edirne-Istanbul-Ankara corridor, the Aegean network centred on İzmir and the Southeastern network centred on Adana. With the completion of the O-5 in 2019 and the extension of the O-21 in 2020, these three networks have since been connected. The network is expected to expand to 8,325 kilometres (5,173 mi) by 2053. The minimum speed limit on the Turkish otoyols is 40 km/h (25 mph) while the maximum speed is 140 km/h (87 mph).

Otoyol 1
Otoyol 1 (English: Motorway 1), abbreviated as O-1 and locally referred to as The First Beltway (Turkish: 1. Çevreyolu), is a controlled access highway in Istanbul, Turkey. The O-1 serves as the inner beltway and is one of three intercontinental motorways in the city, the others being the O-2, and O-7, as well as connecting the European and Asian parts of the city via the Bosphorus Bridge.

It starts Osmaniye neighborhood in Bakırköy district on the European part, runs through the city over the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, and terminates in Söğütlüçeşme neighborhood of Kadıköy district on the Asian part. Otoyol 1 is toll-free, however the Bosporus Bridge is a toll bridge in both directions, having its toll plaza at the Asian side. The O-1 is connected via three feeder highways to The Second Beltway.
Ben Bishop
Benjamin Manning Bishop III (born November 21, 1986) is an American former professional ice hockey player. As a goaltender, he played for the St. Louis Blues, Ottawa Senators, Tampa Bay Lightning, Los Angeles Kings, and Dallas Stars of the NHL. Nicknamed "Big Ben", Bishop is the tallest goaltender ever to play in the NHL, along with Mikko Koskinen, Mads Søgaard, Ivan Fedotov, and Dennis Hildeby at a height of 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m). He was a three-time Vezina Trophy finalist as the NHL's top goaltender.

Mads Søgaard
Mads Søgaard (born 13 December 2000) is a Danish professional ice hockey player who is a goaltender for the Belleville Senators of the American Hockey League (AHL) while under contract to the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected by the Senators in the second round, 37th overall, in the 2019 NHL entry draft. After two seasons in the AHL, Søgaard made his NHL debut with the Senators in 2022. Internationally, he has played for the Danish national team at the junior level in several tournaments.
Nindub
Nindub or Ninduba was a Mesopotamian god associated with exorcisms. He is attested chiefly in sources from the state of Lagash, including Early Dynastic offering lists and the cylinders of Gudea. He continued to be worshiped in this area in the Ur III period. However, in the Old Babylonian period he appears only in a small number of god lists presumed to reflect archaic tradition.

Dietz Otto Edzard
Dietz Otto Edzard (28 August 1930 in Bremen – 2 June 2004 in Munich) was a German scholar of the Ancient Near East and grammarian of the Sumerian language.

He was elected a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1976 and an International member of the American Philosophical Society in 1996.
Kansas City Southern de México
Kansas City Southern de México, S.A. de C.V. (reporting mark KCSM) is a Mexican railroad and operating subsidiary of Canadian Pacific Kansas City Limited (CPKC). The company was founded in 1996 as Transportación Ferroviaria Mexicana (reporting mark TFM), a joint venture between KCS and Transportación Maritima Mexicana after the companies won a concession from the Mexican government to operate the 5,335-kilometer (3,315 mi) Northeast Railroad connecting Monterrey and Mexico City with a US port of entry at Laredo, Texas and seaports at Lázaro Cárdenas and Veracruz. In 2005, KCS bought out its partner's shares in the railroad, giving it full control.

Canadian Pacific Railway purchased KCSM in December 2021 for US$31 billion. On April 14, 2023, KCS and KCSM became subsidiaries of CPR, and began conducting business under the name of their new parent, CPKC.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Mass action law (electronics)
In electronics and semiconductor physics, the law of mass action relates the concentrations of free electrons and electron holes under thermal equilibrium.  It states that, under thermal equilibrium, the product of the free electron concentration  and the free hole concentration  is equal to a constant square of intrinsic carrier concentration . The intrinsic carrier concentration is a function of temperature.

The equation for the mass action law for semiconductors is:

Thermal equilibrium
Two physical systems are in thermal equilibrium if there is no net flow of thermal energy between them when they are connected by a path permeable to heat. Thermal equilibrium obeys the zeroth law of thermodynamics. A system is said to be in thermal equilibrium with itself if the temperature within the system is spatially uniform and temporally constant.

Systems in thermodynamic equilibrium are always in thermal equilibrium, but the converse is not always true. If the connection between the systems allows transfer of energy as 'change in internal energy' but does not allow transfer of matter or transfer of energy as work, the two systems may reach thermal equilibrium without reaching thermodynamic equilibrium.