hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Umodja Wa Massiwa
"Umodja wa Massiwa" (Comorian for "The Union of the Islands")  is the national anthem of the Comoros. Adopted in 1978, it was written by Said Hachim Sidi Abderemane, who also composed the music with Kamildine Abdallah.: 117

The spelling of the title is subject to inconsistency. In the 1978 Constitution, it was written "Ouzima wa Massiwa"; in 1992, "Udzima Wa Masiwa"; and in 2001, "Umodja Wa Masiwa". Currently, with the revisions of 2009 and 2013, it is written: "Umodja Wa Massiwa".

National anthem
A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. Some countries that are devolved into multiple constituent states have their own official musical compositions for them (such as with the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union); their constituencies' songs are sometimes referred to as national anthems even though they are not sovereign states.
Without Medication Plus MTV "Buzz Live"
Without Medication Plus MTV "Buzz Live" is the first live album by US singer-songwriter Marcella Detroit, released in 1996 exclusively in Japan. The album did not receive a full commercial release, distributed only on promotional CDs. According to Detroit, whilst in Japan she was asked to be the first artist to perform on a show titled MTV Buzz Live. The album consists of the studio version of "Without Medication", a track from her album Feeler, and the nine performances from the thirteen-piece live concert.

Feeler (Marcella Detroit album)
Feeler is the third studio album by British-based American musician Marcella Detroit. It was first released in the UK by AAA Records in September 1996, with the lead single "I Hate You Now..." coincidentally released in the same month as "I Can Drive", the lead single from Detroit's former band Shakespears Sister's third album #3.
Franz Ziegler
Franz Wilhelm Ziegler (3 February 1803 – 1 October 1876) was a lawyer, politician and writer.

In 1848 he was a member of the Prussian National Assembly that emerged as part of the democratic revolutionary movement of the time, and in 1849 he was sentenced to a prison term because of his support for a motion of refusal to pay a supplementary tax to fund military expansion. As the Prussian state moved hesitantly towards a version of parliamentary democracy, Ziegler sat as a member of parliament.   He was an early member of the Progressive Party, but differed with it in 1866 over the issue of war with Austria.

Brandenburg an der Havel
Brandenburg an der Havel (German pronunciation: [ˈbʁandn̩bʊʁk ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈhaːfl̩] ⓘ) is a town in Brandenburg, Germany, which served as the capital of the Margraviate of Brandenburg until it was replaced by Berlin in 1417.

With a population of 72,040 (as of 2020), it is located on the banks of the River Havel. The town of Brandenburg provided the name for the medieval Bishopric of Brandenburg, the Margraviate of Brandenburg and the current state of Brandenburg. Today, it is a small town compared to nearby Berlin but was the original nucleus of the former realms of Brandenburg and Prussia.
Bewell's Cross
Bewell's Cross was a large medieval stone cross and boundary marker on the northern edge of the County of Bristol. It was also the site of the city gallows from at least the fifteenth century till 1820. The surviving stump of the Cross was dug up in 1829.

Westbury-on-Trym
Westbury-on-Trym (sometimes written without hyphenation) is a suburb in the north of the City of Bristol, near the suburbs of Stoke Bishop, Westbury Park, Henleaze, Southmead and Henbury, in the southwest of England.

The place is partly named after the River Trym, which flows through it.

For elections to Bristol City Council, the area is part of Westbury-on-Trym and Henleaze electoral ward. From 1974 to 2016, Westbury-on-Trym was itself an electoral ward, initially electing 3 members to Bristol City Council and 1 member to Avon County Council, and later electing 2 members to the city council after ward boundary changes in 1999.
Dietzia psychralcaliphila
Dietzia psychralcaliphila is a facultatively psychrophilic alkaliphile that grows on hydrocarbons. It is aerobic, non-motile and gram-positive. The type strain is ILA-1T (= JCM 10987T = IAM14896T = NCIMB 13777T).

Psychrophile
Psychrophiles /ˈsaɪkroʊˌfaɪl/ or cryophiles (adj. psychrophilic or cryophilic) are extremophilic organisms that are capable of growth and reproduction in low temperatures, ranging from −20 °C (−4 °F) to 20 °C (68 °F). They are found in places that are permanently cold, such as the polar regions and the deep sea. They can be contrasted with thermophiles, which are organisms that thrive at unusually high temperatures, and mesophiles at intermediate temperatures. Psychrophile is Greek for 'cold-loving', from Ancient Greek  ψυχρός (psukhrós) 'cold, frozen'.

Many such organisms are bacteria or archaea, but some eukaryotes such as lichens, snow algae, phytoplankton, fungi, and wingless midges, are also classified as psychrophiles.
2026 SGB Premiership
The 2026 SGB Premiership will be the 91st season of the top tier of British speedway and the 9th known as the SGB Premiership. Only five teams will compete, the lowest in the 91-year history of the top division.

Ipswich Witches were the defending champions, while Leicester Lions were the defending Knockout Cup champions.

SGB Premiership
The Speedway Great Britain (SGB) Premiership (sponsored by Sports Insure) is the top division of speedway league competition in the United Kingdom, governed by the Speedway Control Bureau (SCB) in conjunction with the British Speedway Promoters' Association (BSPA).  It was introduced for 2017 following a restructuring of British speedway.
Chełmianka Chełm
Chełmianka Chełm is a Polish football club from Chełm, Lublin Voivodeship. They currently compete in group IV of the III liga, the fourth tier of the Polish football league system. The club has traditional colors of Chełm Land white and green.

Chełm Land
Chełm Land was a region of  the Kingdom of Poland and later of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795). Today, the region is situated in the modern states of Poland, Ukraine, and Belarus. As an exclave of the Ruthenian Voivodeship, it was separated from the main part of the voivodeship by the voivodeship of Bełz. The region's most important town was Chełm. In the Commonwealth, Chełm Land enjoyed a special status; some documents described it as a separate entity - Chełm Voivodeship (Latin: Palatinatus Chelmensis).
Brantas River
The Brantas is the longest river in  East Java, Indonesia. It has a length of 320 km, and drains an area of over 11,000 km2 from the southern slope of Mount Kawi-Kelud-Butak, Mount Wilis, and the northern slopes of Mount Liman-Limas, Mount Welirang, and Mount Anjasmoro.  Its course is semi-circular or spiral in shape: at its source, the river heads southeast, but gradually curves south, then southwest, west, then north, and finally it flows generally eastward at the point where it branches off to become the Kalimas and Porong River.

Mount Wilis
Mount Wilis is a dormant solitary stratovolcano surrounded by low-elevation plains. It is located in East Java, Java island, Indonesia. Like most volcanoes along the Java trench, Mount Wilis is the result of subduction as the Indo-Australian plate subducts under the Sunda plate at around 6.7 cm/yr.
Regional State Archives in Oslo
The Regional State Archives in Oslo (Norwegian: Statsarkivet i Oslo) is a regional state archives situated at Sognsvann in Oslo, Norway. Part of the National Archival Services of Norway, it is responsible for archiving documents from state institutions in the counties of Akershus, Oslo and Østfold. The facility is jointly located with the National Archives of Norway. The collection includes 19.2 shelf-kilometers of material.

The agency was created in 1914 as the Regional State Archives in Kristiania, and initially covered all of Eastern Norway and Agder. From 13 July 1917 the newly created Regional State Archives in Hamar took over documents from Oppland and Hedmark. The current name was adopted in 1924. With the opening of the Regional State Archives in Kristiansand in 1934, documents from Agder was moved there. The final demerger took place in 1994, when the Regional State Archives in Kongsberg took over documents from Buskerud, Telemark and Vestfold.

National Archives of Norway
The National Archives of Norway (Riksarkivet) is the institution responsible for preserving archive material from Norwegian state institutions, as well as contributing to the preservation of private archives. It does this work in cooperation with the regional state archives, together with which it forms the National Archival Services of Norway (Arkivverket).

The National Archives was founded in 1817. Henrik Wergeland was appointed as the first national archivist in 1841.
Mitch Duke
Mitchell Thomas Duke (born 18 January 1991) is an Australian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Macarthur FC in the A-League Men and the Australia national team.

Duke was born in Liverpool, New South Wales and played youth soccer with Parramatta Eagles before starting his professional career with Central Coast Mariners. He joined J-League side Shimizu S-Pulse and Fagiano Okayama in 2015 and 2021 respectively.

He represented Australia at the 2023 AFC Asian Cup, 2022 FIFA World Cup, and Australia Olympic at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

2023 J2 League
The 2023 J2 League, also known as the 2023 Meiji Yasuda J2 League (Japanese: 2023 明治安田生命J2リーグ, Hepburn: 2023 Meiji Yasuda Seimei J2 Rīgu) for sponsorship reasons, was the 25th season of the J2 League, the second-tier Japanese professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1999.
Sweden–United Kingdom relations
United Kingdom–Sweden relations (also known as Anglo-Swedish relations or British-Swedish relations) (Swedish: Relationer mellan Storbritannien och Sverige or svensk-brittiska relationer) are relations between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Kingdom of Sweden.

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention, a Mutual Defence Agreement, and a Strategic Partnership. Additionally, the United Kingdom holds Observer status of the BEAC, CBSS and AC.

Louise Mountbatten
Louise Alexandra Marie Irene Mountbatten (born Princess Louise of Battenberg; later Lady Louise Mountbatten; 13 July 1889 – 7 March 1965) was Queen of Sweden from 29 October 1950 until her death in 1965 as the wife of King Gustaf VI Adolf. Born a princess of the German House of Battenberg, Louise was closely related to the ruling families of Britain, as a great-granddaughter of Queen Victoria and of Russia, as a niece of Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia. She was also an older sister to Lord Mountbatten and aunt to Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. During the First World War, Louise served as a nurse in the Red Cross. She married the widowed Gustaf Adolf in 1923 and assumed the role of Sweden's first lady but did not become queen until his accession in 1950. Louise was noted for her eccentricity and progressive views.
Sultan Mehmood Chaudhry
Sultan Mehmood Chaudhry (Urdu: سلطان محمود چوہدری; 1955 – 31 January 2026) was an Azad Kashmiri politician who hailed from Mirpur. He served as Prime Minister of Azad Kashmir between July 1996 to July 2001 and served as the President of Azad Kashmir from 25 August 2021 until his death on 31 January 2026.

President of Azad Kashmir
The president of Azad Kashmir (Urdu: صدرِ آزاد کشمیر, romanized: s̤adr-i Azād Kaṣhmīr lit. 'President of Azad Kashmir', Urdu pronunciation: [s̤ə'dr-e: a:'za:d kə'ʂmi:r]), officially the president of the State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, is the constitutional and ceremonial head of state of Azad Kashmir.

The president is elected by the Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly for a term of five years, under the provisions of the Azad Jammu & Kashmir (Interim Constitution) Act, 1974.
Gamma ray cross section
A gamma ray cross section is a measure of the probability that a gamma ray interacts with matter. The total cross section of gamma ray interactions is composed of several independent processes: photoelectric effect, Compton (incoherent) scattering, electron–positron pair production in the nucleus field and electron–positron pair production in the electron field (triplet production). The cross section for single process listed above is a part of the total gamma ray cross section.

Other effects, like the photonuclear absorption, Thomson or Rayleigh (coherent) scattering can be omitted because of their nonsignificant contribution in the gamma ray range of energies.

The detailed equations for cross sections (barn/atom) of all mentioned effects connected with gamma ray interaction with matter are listed below.

Electronvolt
In physics, an electronvolt (symbol eV), also written as electron-volt and electron volt, is a unit of measurement equivalent to the amount of kinetic energy gained by a single electron accelerating through an electric potential difference of one volt in a vacuum. When used as a unit of energy, the numerical value of 1 eV expressed in unit of joules (symbol J) is equal to the numerical value of the charge of an electron in coulombs (symbol C). Under the 2019 revision of the SI, this sets 1 eV equal to the exact value 1.602176634×10−19 J.
Historically, the electronvolt was devised as a standard unit of measure through its usefulness in electrostatic particle accelerator sciences, because a particle with electric charge q gains an energy E = qV after passing through a voltage of V.
Delaware Handicap (Saratoga)
The Delaware Handicap was an American Thoroughbred horse race held between 1901 and 1937 at Saratoga Race Course in Saratoga Springs, New York. An event for horses of either sex age three and older, it was contested on dirt over a distance of one mile. While fillies accounted for just under a third of the winners, their victories were marked by a number of dominating performances.

Saratoga Race Course
Saratoga Race Course is a Thoroughbred horse racing track located on Union Avenue in Saratoga Springs, New York, United States. Opened in 1863, it is often considered to be the oldest major sporting venue of any kind in the U.S. It is the fourth oldest racetrack after Pleasanton Fairgrounds Racetrack (1858), Freehold Raceway (1854) and Fair Grounds Race Course (1852).

The racetrack is operated by the New York Racing Association.

The Saratoga meet originally lasted only four days. The meet has been lengthened gradually since that time. From 1962 to 1990, the meet lasted four weeks and began in late July or early August. In 2010, the meet expanded to 40 racing days, with races held five days per week. It lasts from mid-July through Labor Day in early September.
Pierre Rameau
Pierre Rameau (1674 – 26 January 1748), was the French dancing master to Elisabetta Farnese, and the author of two books that now provide us with valuable information about Baroque dance.

Rameau's first book, Le Maître à Danser (1725, Paris), was a dance manual giving instruction on formal ballroom dancing in the French style. The first part covers posture, reverences, steps, and the ballroom minuet, while the second part is concerned entirely with the use of the arms.  His second book, Abbregé de la Nouvelle Methode (c1725, Paris), described a modified version of Beauchamp–Feuillet notation and included several choreographies by Pécour in the new notation.  While Rameau's notation was not generally adopted, his information about the shortcomings of Beauchamp–Feuillet notation provides dance historians with clarifications about the execution of the steps.

Minuet
A minuet (/ˌmɪnjuˈɛt/; also spelled menuet) is a social dance of French origin for two people, usually written in 34 time. The English word was adapted from the Italian minuetto and the French menuet.

The term also describes the musical form that accompanies the dance, which subsequently developed more fully, often with a longer musical form called the minuet and trio, and was much used as a movement in the early classical symphony. While often stylized in instrumental forms, composers of the period would have been familiar with the popular dance.
Sewage Pumping Station 38
Sewage Pumping Station 38 is a heritage-listed sewerage pumping station located on General Holmes Drive, in the Sydney suburb of Mascot, in the Bayside Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed and built by the Metropolitan Water Sewerage and Drainage Board. It is also known as SPS 38, Mascot Sewage Pumping Station and SP0038. The pumping station is owned by Sydney Water, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 18 November 1999.

Australian non-residential architectural styles
Australian non-residential architectural styles are a set of Australian architectural styles that apply to buildings used for purposes other than residence and have been around only since the first colonial government buildings of early European settlement of Australia in 1788.

Their distribution follows closely the establishment and growth of the different colonies of Australia, in that the earliest colonial buildings can be found in New South Wales and Tasmania.

The classifications set out below are derived from a leading Australian text.
Name of Lithuania
The first known record of the name of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuva) was recorded in the Annals of Quedlinburg (Latin: Annales Quedlinburgenses, written between 1008 and 1030) in a story recording events of 9 March 1009 concerning Saint Bruno. The Chronicle recorded in the form Litua  (in the phrase "in confinio Rusciæ et Lituæ a paganis capite plexus"). Although it is clear the name originated from a Baltic language, scholars still debate the meaning of the word.

Hydronym
A hydronym (from Greek: ὕδρω, hydrō, "water" and ὄνομα, onoma, "name") is a type of toponym that designates a proper name of a body of water. Hydronyms include the proper names of rivers and streams, lakes and ponds, swamps and marshes, seas and oceans. As a subset of toponymy, a distinctive discipline of hydronymy (or hydronomastics) studies the proper names of all bodies of water, the origins and meanings of those names, and their development and transmission through history.
The First Film
The First Film is a 2015 British documentary film about cinema pioneer Louis Le Prince, made by David Nicholas Wilkinson. It argues the case that Le Prince, rather than the Lumière brothers, was the true inventor of moving pictures, making Roundhay Garden Scene in Leeds in 1888. Le Prince mysteriously disappeared in 1890.

Mark Kermode, film critic of The Guardian, described the documentary as "a flickering story that blends intrigue, industrial espionage, and possibly even murder".

The world premiere of The First Film was at the 2015 Edinburgh International Film Festival. It went on general release in the United States in September 2016.

Auguste and Louis Lumière
The Lumière brothers (UK: /ˈluːmiɛər/, US: /ˌluːmiˈɛər/; French: [lymjɛːʁ]), Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean Lumière (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were French manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their Cinématographe motion picture system and the short films they produced between 1895 and 1905, which places them among the earliest filmmakers.

Their screening of a single film on 22 March 1895, for around 200 members of the Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale (Society for the Development of the National Industry) in Paris was probably the first presentation of projected film. Their first commercial public screening on 28 December 1895, for around 40 paying visitors and invited relations has traditionally been regarded as the birth of cinema.
Diddlebury
Diddlebury is a small village and large civil parish in Shropshire, England. It is situated in the Corvedale on the B4368 road about 5 miles (8 km) north east of Craven Arms. As of 2011, the population of the Civil Ward was 670.

Craven Arms
Craven Arms is a market town and civil parish in Shropshire, England. It is sited on the A49 road and the Welsh Marches railway line, which link it north and south to the larger towns of Shrewsbury and Ludlow respectively. The town is enclosed to the north by the Shropshire Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and to the south is the fortified manor house of Stokesay Castle.

Economically, the town serves the surrounding rural area, with a number of shops, estate agents, a supermarket, an abattoir and many commercial/light industrial businesses. It is also a visitor destination, being home or nearby to a number of attractions, and is a centre for visitors to the area of outstanding natural beauty. It describes itself as the Gateway to the Marches.
Novus Entertainment
Novus Entertainment (commonly known simply as Novus) is a Canadian telecommunications company providing television, digital phone, and high-speed Internet services via a fiber-optic network. The company is licensed by the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission (the CRTC) as a Class 1 Broadcast Distribution Undertaking for both Metro Vancouver. Novus presently provides services to apartments, condominiums, and businesses in Metro Vancouver. Novus is one of the few broadband Internet carriers in Canada to offer a Fibre-to-the-Building (FTTB) network. The company continues to expand its service in Metro Vancouver.

Novus is also in the business of leasing dark fibre to other communications service providers and to businesses.

Dark fibre
A dark fibre or unlit fibre is an unused optical fibre, available for use in fibre-optic communication. Dark fibre may be leased from a network service provider.

Dark fibre originally referred to the potential network capacity of telecommunication infrastructure. Because the marginal cost of installing additional fibre optic cables is very low once a trench has been dug or conduit laid, a great excess of fibre was installed in the US during the telecom boom of the late 1990s and early 2000s. This excess capacity was later referred to as dark fibre following the dot-com crash of the early 2000s that briefly reduced demand for high-speed data transmission.

These unused fibre optic cables later created a new market for unique private services that could not be accommodated on lit fibre cables (i.e., cables used in traditional long-distance communication).
Lotta Fountain
Lotta Fountain is a 1939 fountain and sculpture by artist Katharine Lane Weems and architects J. W. Ames and E. S. Dodge. It is installed along Boston's Charles River Esplanade in the U.S. state of Massachusetts.

Charles River Esplanade
The Charles River Esplanade is a park in the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Owned by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, it is located on the south bank of the Charles River Basin and comprises part of the Charles River Reservation. The park was dedicated in 1910 as the Boston Embankment. The Esplanade went through a major expansion from 1928 to 1936.
Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis
The Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪnɪʃ ˈbɛʁɡɪʃɐ ˈkʁaɪs], lit. 'Rhine-Berg district') is a Kreis (district) in the Cologne Bonn Region of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts  are Kreis Mettman, Oberbergischer Kreis and Rhein-Sieg, and the district-free cities Cologne, Leverkusen, Solingen and Remscheid.

Grand Duchy of Berg
The Grand Duchy of Berg (German: Großherzogtum Berg), also known as the Grand Duchy of Berg and Cleves, was a territorial grand duchy established in 1806 by Napoleon after his victory at the Battle of Austerlitz (1805) on territories between the French Empire at the Rhine river and the German Kingdom of Westphalia.