hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nesterovsky District
Nesterovsky District (Russian: Не́стеровский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the fifteen in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Nesterovsky Municipal District. It is located in the southeast of the oblast and borders with Krasnoznamensky District in the north, Marijampolė County to the east in Lithuania, Warmia-Masuria in the south in Poland and with Gusevsky and Ozyorsky Districts in the west. The area of the district is 1,062 square kilometers (410 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Nesterov. Population: 16,213 (2010 Census); 17,250 (2002 Census); 15,181 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Nesterov accounts for 28.3% of the district's total population.

Krasnoznamensky District
Krasnoznamensky District (Russian: Краснозна́менский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the fifteen in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,280.47 square kilometers (494.39 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Krasnoznamensk. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 12,905, with the population of Krasnoznamensk accounting for 27.3% of that number.
Cornelis Speelman
Cornelis Janszoon Speelman (2 March 1628 – 11 January 1684) was Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1681 to 1684.

Cornelis Janszoon Speelman was the son of a Rotterdam merchant. He was born on 2 March 1628. In his 16th year, he left aboard the Hillegersberg for the Indies. He was employed as an assistant (assistent) in the service of the Dutch East India Company (VOC).

Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies
The governor-general of the Dutch East Indies (Dutch: Gouverneur-generaal van Nederlands Indië, Indonesian: Gubernur Jenderal Hindia Belanda) represented Dutch rule in the Dutch East Indies between 1610 and Dutch recognition of the independence of Indonesia in 1949.
New unionism
New unionism is a term used to describe moves to broaden the trade union agenda. It has been used twice in the history of the labor movement. Ben Tillett was a prominent leader of the London Dock strike of 1889. He formed the Dock, Wharf, Riverside and General Laborers' Union in 1889, which had support from skilled workers. Its 30,000 members won an advance in wages and working conditions.

GMB (trade union)
The GMB is a general trade union in the United Kingdom which has more than 560,000 members. Its members work in nearly all industrial sectors, in retail, security, schools, distribution, the utilities, social care, the National Health Service (NHS), ambulance service and local government.
1974 South Pacific Touring Series
The 1974 South Pacific Touring Car Series was an Australian motor racing competition for Group C Touring Cars.
It was contested over four rounds, each staged as a support race to an Australian round of the 1974 International Tasman Championship.
The series, which was the fourth South Pacific Touring Series, was won by Peter Brock and his entrant, the Holden Dealer Team.

1974 Tasman Series
The 1974 Tasman Series (formally the Tasman Championship for Drivers) was an international motor racing competition which commenced on 5 January and ended on 23 February 1974 after eight races. The championship, which was the eleventh Tasman Championship, was open to Racing cars complying with the Tasman Formula. The winner was awarded the Tasman Cup.

The championship was won by Peter Gethin of the United Kingdom, driving a Chevron B24 Chevrolet.
Coupvent Point
Coupvent Point (63°16′S 57°36′W﻿ / ﻿63.267°S 57.600°W﻿ / -63.267; -57.600﻿ (Coupvent Point)) is a point, with several off-lying rocks, projecting north from Trinity Peninsula, 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) southwest of Lafarge Rocks.

Duroch Islands
The Duroch Islands (63°18′S 57°54′W﻿ / ﻿63.300°S 57.900°W﻿ / -63.300; -57.900﻿ (Duroch Islands)) are a group of islands and rocks which extend over an area of about 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi), centred about 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) off Cape Legoupil on the north coast of Trinity Peninsula, Antarctica.
The islands are close to Chile's Base General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme at Cape Legoupil.
2014 World Club Challenge
The 2014 World Club Challenge was the 15th consecutive annual (and 22nd overall) World Club Challenge and was contested by Super League XVIII champions, Wigan Warriors and 2013 NRL Premiers, the Sydney Roosters. The 2014 World Club Challenge marked a return to Australia, 20 years after the last Australian based game. It was played on 22 February 2014 at Allianz Stadium in Sydney. The Roosters won the match 36–14.

By winning the World Club Challenge, the Roosters were the only team to win on Australian soil, but are the only team to have won twice. In 1976, Eastern Suburbs, the 1975 NSWRFL Premiers, defeated the 1975–76 English champions St. Helens 25–2 in front of 26,865 at the Sydney Cricket Ground.

World Club Challenge
The World Club Challenge is an annual rugby league competition between the winners of the Australian National Rugby League and the British Super League, for the de facto club world championship of the sport.

Super League sides have won the competition 16 times with National Rugby League sides having 14 wins.

The first such match was played in 1976, although this was not an official competitive game. The first official World Club Challenge saw Widnes Vikings beat Canberra Raiders 30–18 at Old Trafford on 4 October 1989, after which it became a semi-regular fixture, though was paused in the 1990s due to the Super League war. The competition has been held almost every year since 2000.

Sydney Roosters and Wigan Warriors have both won the competition 5 times, the joint highest in all formats since the competition began.

Hull KR are the most recent champions after winning the 2026 event, defeating the Brisbane Broncos 30–24 at the MKM Stadium.
Ranuli Ice Piedmont
Ranuli Ice Piedmont (Bulgarian: ледник Ранули, romanized: lednik Ranuli, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik rɐˈnuli]) is the glacier extending 7 nautical miles (13 km; 8.1 mi) in south-southeast to north-northwest direction and 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) in west-southwest to east-northeast direction on the east side of Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  It is draining the east slopes of Barnes Ridge to flow into Rutford Ice Stream to the east-northeast, Young Glacier to the north, and Ellen Glacier to the south.

The feature is named after the ancient town of Ranuli in southeastern Bulgaria.

Young Glacier
Young Glacier (78°4′S 84°49′W﻿ / ﻿78.067°S 84.817°W﻿ / -78.067; -84.817) is a glacier which flows from Mount Gozur and Ichera Peak in Maglenik Heights eastwards for 8 miles (13 km) and terminates at the north end of Barnes Ridge on the east side of Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica. It was first mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos from 1957–59. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for First Lieutenant Dale L. Young of the United States Air Force (USAF), who participated in establishing the South Pole Station in the 1956–57 season.
Criticism of United States foreign policy
Criticism of United States foreign policy encompasses a wide range of opinions and views on the perceived failures and shortcomings of American foreign policy and actions. Some Americans view the country as qualitatively different from other nations and believe it cannot be judged by the same standards as other countries; this belief is sometimes termed American exceptionalism. This belief was particularly prevalent in the 20th century. It became less dominant in the 21st century as the country has become more divided politically and has made highly controversial foreign policy decisions such as the Iraq War. Nevertheless, the United States is a very powerful country and is still generally considered a world superpower from an economic, military, and political point-of-view, and it has, in an unspecified number, disregarded international norms, rules, and laws in its foreign policy.

Jessica Mathews
Jessica Tuchman Mathews (née Tuchman; born July 4, 1946) is an American international affairs expert with a focus on climate and energy, defense and security, nuclear weapons, and conflict and governance. She was president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, an international affairs think tank headquartered in Washington, D.C., with offices in five other countries, from 1997 to 2015. She has also held jobs in the Executive and Legislative branches of government, management and research in nonprofits, and journalism.
United States Constabulary
The United States Constabulary was a United States Army military gendarmerie force. From 1946 to 1952, in the aftermath of World War II, it acted as an occupation and security force in the U.S. Occupation Zone of West Germany and Austria.

United States Army Central
The United States Army Central, formerly the Third United States Army, commonly referred to as the Third Army and as ARCENT, is a military formation of the United States Army that saw service in World War I and World War II, in the 1991 Gulf War, and in the coalition occupation of Iraq. It is best known for its campaigns in World War II under the command of General George S. Patton.

The Third Army is headquartered at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina with a forward element at Camp Arifjan, Kuwait. It serves as the echelon above corps for the Army component of CENTCOM, whose area of responsibility (AOR) includes Southwest Asia, around 20 countries of the world, in Africa, Asia, and the Persian Gulf.
Goitrogen
Goitrogens are substances that disrupt the production of thyroid hormones. This triggers the pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which then promotes  the growth of thyroid tissue, eventually leading to goiter.

Goitre
A goitre (British English), or goiter (American English), is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. A goitre can be associated with a thyroid that is not functioning properly.

Worldwide, over 90% of goitre cases are caused by iodine deficiency. The term is from the Latin gutturia, meaning throat. Most goitres are not cancerous (i.e., benign), though they may be potentially harmful.
Henry L. Pierce
Henry Lillie Pierce (August 23, 1825 – December 17, 1896) was a United States representative from Massachusetts. He was born in Stoughton. He attended the State normal school at Bridgewater, and was engaged in manufacturing. He served as mayor of Boston and as a Republican in the Forty-third and Forty-fourth Congresses of the United States. He declined to be a candidate for renomination, was elected again as mayor of Boston in 1877, and died in that city on December 17, 1896. His interment was in Dorchester South Burying Ground.

Mayor of Boston
The mayor of Boston is the head of the municipal government in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Boston has a mayor–council government. Boston's mayoral elections are nonpartisan (as are all municipal elections in Boston), and elect a mayor to a four-year term; there are no term limits. The mayor's office is in Boston City Hall, in Government Center.

The current mayor of Boston is Michelle Wu.
Chauncey B. Seaton
Chauncey B. Seaton (March 14, 1848 – December 2, 1896) was an architect in the United States. He was born near Bucyrus, Ohio, studied at Wooster University and then at a technical school in Chicago.

He worked as an architect in Selma, Alabama, before returning to Chicago and working in Saint Paul, Minnesota. He ventured out to what was then known as Spokane Falls after the Great Spokane Fire and designed the Spokesman-Review building in Spokane, Washington, in 1890. Some sources credit him with the Northwest Industrial Exposition Building constructed in 1890, but others credit Richard H. Martin, Jr.

C. Ferris White worked with him.

C. Ferris White
Clarence Ferris White (August 22, 1867 – August 28, 1932) was a prolific architect in the Pacific Northwest.  He designed more than 1,100 buildings, including 63 schools, in the State of Washington.  His largest project was the design of the company town of Potlatch, Idaho in 1905.  Several of his works are listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places.
Model of masculinity under fascist Italy
The model of masculinity under fascist Italy was an idealized version of masculinity prescribed by dictator Benito Mussolini during his reign as fascist dictator of Italy from 1925—1945. This model of masculinity, grounded in anti-modernism and traditional gender roles, was intended to help create a New Italian citizen in a budding New Italy.
The model represents a mix between purported Roman ideal, comprising both mental and physical qualities. As such, it was later superimposed onto the political persona portrayed by Mussolini himself as he rallied to gather popular support for his fascist state.

Masculinity
Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with men and boys. Masculinity can be theoretically understood as socially constructed, and there is also evidence that some behaviors considered masculine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.
Mike Whiddett
Michael Brandon Whiddett, (born 10 January 1981) nicknamed "Mad Mike", is a New Zealand drifting racer. He is sponsored by Red Bull. Whiddett has also raced motocross from the age of six and placed second at the New Zealand 1997 Pro junior 85cc Motocross Champs.

Road Atlanta
Road Atlanta (known for sponsorship reasons as Michelin Raceway Road Atlanta) is a 2.540 mi (4.088 km) road course located just north of Braselton, Georgia, United States. The facility is utilized for a wide variety of events, including professional and amateur sports car and motorcycle races, racing and driving schools, corporate programs and testing for motorsports teams. The track has 12 turns, including the famous "esses" between turns three and five; and Turn 12, a downhill, diving turn. The track is owned by IMSA Holdings, LLC through its subsidiary Road Atlanta, LLC, and is the home to the Petit Le Mans, as well as AMA motorcycle racing, and smaller events throughout the year. Michelin acquired naming rights to the facility in 2018.
Girl Next Door (Girl Next Door album)
Girl Next Door is the first album from Girl Next Door released on December 24, 2008. It was released in two versions, a Normal Edition and an Album+DVD version. Both versions had a first press which included a slipcase and one of two photobooks.  For the first time in the world of music, all the songs included in this album are tie-up to the media such as drama series, television shows, or commercials.

The album is certified platinum by RIAJ for shipment of 250,000 copies.

Drive Away/Shiawase no Jōken
"Drive Away/Shiawase no Jōken" is the second single by the band Girl Next Door and it was released on October 8, 2008. "Drive away" was used as the commercial song for Toyota Technical Development Corp. while "Shiawase no Jōken" was used as the ending theme for Osama no Branch.
Timothy Maloney
Timothy Ian Maloney, OAM (born 6 October 1967)  is an Australian wheelchair basketball player.  He was born in Adelaide, South Australia. He was part of the Australia men's national wheelchair basketball team at the 1992 Barcelona and 1996 Atlanta Paralympics; in 1996 he won a gold medal as part of the winning team, for which he received a Medal of the Order of Australia. In 2000, he received an Australian Sports Medal.

Australian Sports Medal
The Australian Sports Medal is an award given to recognise achievements in Australian sport to commemorate Australian participation in major sporting events. Original recipients of the award included competitors, coaches, sports scientists, office holders, and people who maintained sporting facilities and services. During the original period of its award in 2000–2001, over 18,000 medals were awarded. The award was permanently reactivated in 2020 to commemorate Australian contributions and participation in major multi-sport events.
Thermal Oxide Reprocessing Plant
The Thermal Oxide Reprocessing Plant, or THORP, is a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant at Sellafield in Cumbria, England. THORP is owned by the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority and operated by Sellafield Ltd, the site licensee.

Spent nuclear fuel from nuclear reactors was reprocessed to separate the 96% uranium and the 1% plutonium from the 3% radioactive wastes, which are treated and stored at the plant. The uranium is then made available for customers to be manufactured into new fuel, and the plutonium incorporated into mixed oxide fuel.

On 14 November 2018 it was announced that reprocessing operations had ended at THORP after earning £9bn in revenue. The receipt and storage facility (which makes up nearly half of THORP's physical footprint), will operate through to the 2070s to receive and store spent nuclear fuel from the UK's PWR and AGR fleet. The decommissioning is expected to start around 2075.

Great British Energy – Nuclear
Great British Energy – Nuclear (GBE-N) is a nuclear energy and fuels company owned by the UK Government. It is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero.

From its creation as British Nuclear Fuels Limited (BNFL) in 1971 to 2010, it functioned as a manufacturer of nuclear fuel (notably MOX), ran reactors, generated and sold electricity, reprocessed and managed spent fuel (mainly at Sellafield), and decommissioned nuclear plants and other similar facilities.

It was resurrected in July 2023 under the trading name Great British Nuclear, to coordinate the UK nuclear industry to help achieve government net-zero targets. The company formally changed its name to Great British Energy – Nuclear on 20 March 2024.
Music of Belgium
The music of Belgium is a cultural mix where Flemish Dutch-speaking and Walloon French-speaking traditions mix with those of German minorities and of immigrant communities from Democratic Republic of the Congo or other distant countries.

Soulwax
Soulwax are a Belgian electronic band and DJ/production collective from Ghent, who formed in 1995. Centred around brothers David and Stephen Dewaele, other current members include Igor and Laima Cavalera, and Stefaan Van Leuven. The group first rose to prominence following the release of their album Much Against Everyone's Advice, and have released five studio albums to date. Outside of Soulwax, the Dewaeles also perform DJ sets under the moniker 2manydjs (first known as The Fucking Dewaele Brothers/The Flying Dewaele Brothers).

The group are also known for their project Radio Soulwax. Their 2002 compilation, As Heard on Radio Soulwax Pt. 2, was named the best popular music album of 2002 by The New York Times. The brothers have also hosted a show on Belgian television, titled Alter8.
Dumbarton Central railway station
Dumbarton Central railway station serves the town of Dumbarton in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland. This station is on the West Highland Line and the North Clyde Line, 15+3⁄4 miles (25.3 km) northwest of Glasgow Queen Street.

Oban railway station
Oban railway station is a railway station serving Oban in Scotland. It is the terminus of one branch of the highly scenic West Highland Line, sited 71 miles 44 chains (115.1 km) from Callander, via Glen Ogle. It was originally the terminus of the Callander and Oban Railway. All services are operated by ScotRail, who also manage the station.

Oban station provides interchange with the adjacent ferry terminal, offering connections to a number of destinations in the Inner and Outer Hebrides via ferry services operated by Caledonian MacBrayne (CalMac). Oban is CalMac's busiest ferry terminal.
2024 Hama offensive
The 2024 Hama offensive was a military operation launched by forces of the Syrian Salvation Government (SSG) and Turkish-backed rebel groups of the Syrian Interim Government (SIG) during the 2024 Syrian opposition offensive, a phase of the Syrian civil war. The operation, which was launched by the Military Operations Command, took place in the Hama Governorate.

On 5 December 2024, opposition forces captured Hama.

Ministry of Defense (Syria)
The Ministry of Defense (Arabic: وزارة الدفاع, romanized: Wizārat al-Difāʿ) is a cabinet ministry of Syria, responsible for defense affairs and national security. Murhaf Abu Qasra, Minister of Defense holds the position of Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Armed Forces.
Holly Bluff site
The Holly Bluff Site (22 YZ 557), sometimes known as the Lake George Site, and locally as "The Mound Place," is an archaeological site that is a type site for the Lake George phase of the prehistoric Plaquemine culture period of the area. The site is on the southern margin of the Mississippian cultural advance down the Mississippi River and on the northern edge of that of the Cole's Creek and Plaquemine cultures of the South." The site was first excavated by Clarence Bloomfield Moore in 1908 and tested by Philip Phillips, Paul Gebhard and Nick Zeigler in 1949.

It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964. The mounds are listed on the Mississippi Mound Trail.

Mississippi Mound Trail
The Mississippi Mound Trail is a driving tour of 33 sites adjoining U.S. Route 61 where indigenous peoples of the Mississippi Delta built earthworks. The mounds were primarily built between 500 and 1500 AD, but are representative of a variety of cultures known as the Mound Builders. Each site has a historical marker and is accessible by road.

Opened in 2016, the trail was a joint venture between the Mississippi Department of Archives and History, the Mississippi Department of Transportation and various other stakeholders.
Wombat Island
Wombat Island is a small island just off the east end of McKinnon Island, off the coast of Enderby Land. Plotted from air photos taken from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) aircraft in 1956. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) after the wombat, a native animal of Australia. Since 2016 home to a small German team researching wombat wildlife.

McKinnon Island
McKinnon Island is a large island, mostly ice-covered, in the Hannan Ice Shelf along the coast of Enderby Land, Antarctica. It was plotted from air photos taken by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions in 1956, and was named for Graeme W. McKinnon, Geographical Officer of the Antarctic Division, Melbourne, and Secretary of the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia.
Yonagusuku Chōki
Yonagusuku Wōji Chōki (与那城 王子 朝紀; ? – ?) also known by Nakazato Aji Chōki (仲里 按司 朝紀) and his Chinese style name Shō Injō (尚 允譲), was a prince of Ryukyu Kingdom.

He was born to a royal family called Yonagusuku Udun (与那城御殿). He was an adopted son of Namihira Chōbu (波平 朝武). Later, Chōki became the seventh head of Yonagusuku Udun.

Makishi Chōchū, Onga Chōkō, Oroku Ryōchū and Prince Tamagawa Chōtatsu were involved in illegal matter in 1859, Chōki was appointed as judge together with Prince Ie Chōchoku, Mabuni Kenyu (摩文仁 賢由), Uza Chōshin (宇座 朝真) to interrogate them. This incident was known as Makishi Onga Incident (牧志恩河事件).

Chōki served as sessei from 1861 to 1872.

Makishi Chōchū
Makishi Pekumi Chōchū (牧志 親雲上 朝忠; August 16, 1818 – August 14, 1862) was a scholar-bureaucrat and diplomat of Ryūkyū Kingdom. He was also known as Itarashiki Chōchū (板良敷 朝忠), and his Chinese style name, Shō Eikō (向 永功).