hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amarro Fiamberti
Adamo Mario "Amarro" Fiamberti (10 September 1894 – 31 August 1970) was an Italian psychiatrist who was the first to perform a transorbital lobotomy (by accessing the frontal lobe of the brain through the orbits) in 1937. The technique was widely applied by Fiamberti in Italy and by Walter Freeman in the United States, with different tools. Fiamberti was later named Director of the Psychiatric Hospital of Varese, when it was opened in 1964.

António Egas Moniz
António Caetano de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz GCSE GCIB (29 November 1874 – 13 December 1955), known as simply Egas Moniz, was a Portuguese neurologist and the developer of cerebral angiography. He is regarded as one of the founders of modern psychosurgery, having developed the surgical procedure leucotomy—​better known today as lobotomy—​for which he became the first Portuguese national to receive a Nobel Prize in 1949 (shared with Walter Rudolf Hess).

He held academic positions, wrote many medical articles and also served in several legislative and diplomatic posts in the Portuguese government. In 1911, he became professor of neurology in Lisbon until his retirement in 1944.
Premier
Premier is a title for the head of government in  central governments, state governments and local governments of some countries.  A second in command to a premier is designated as a deputy premier.

A premier will normally be a head of government, but is not the head of state. In presidential systems, the two roles are often combined into one, whereas in parliamentary systems of government the two are usually kept separate.

Premier (Canada)
In Canada, a premier (/ˈpriːmjər/ ⓘ PREEM-yər) is the head of government of a province or territory. Though the word is merely a synonym for prime minister, it is employed for provincial prime ministers to differentiate them from the prime minister of Canada. There are ten provincial premiers and three territorial premiers. In most provinces and all territories, these persons are styled the Honourable only while in office, unless they are admitted to the King's Privy Council for Canada, in which case they retain the title even after leaving the premiership. In Nova Scotia, Saskatchewan, Alberta and Ontario, former premiers are honorary members of the provincial Executive Council and thereby retain the style the Honourable for life.

The prime minister–premier distinction does not exist in French, with both federal and provincial first ministers being styled premier ministre (masculine) or première ministre (feminine).
Paval, Iran
Paval (Persian: پاول, also Romanized as Pāval) is a village in Sangan Rural District, in the Central District of Khash County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 118, in 36 families.

Sangan Rural District
Sangan Rural District (Persian: دهستان سنگان) is in the Central District of Khash County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Sangan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Esmailabad, now a city.
KTJT-LP
KTJT-LP (103.1 FM) is a radio station licensed to Davenport, Iowa, United States, and serving the Quad Cities area. The station is owned by the Davenport Educational Association and carries programming from Relevant Radio.

Relevant Radio
Relevant Radio (corporate name Relevant Radio, Inc.) is a radio network in the United States, mainly broadcasting talk radio and religious programming involving the Catholic Church. Relevant Radio broadcasts "talk radio for Catholic life" over a network of 205 stations. Relevant Radio owns and operates 132 stations, and distributes programs to an additional 73 affiliates.

Relevant Radio is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization headquartered in Lincolnshire, Illinois, with additional studios in Green Bay, Wisconsin.

The network airs a variety of programming aimed at Catholics and others interested in the Catholic Church.
Countess of Strathmore
Countess of Strathmore is a title given to the wife of the Earl of Strathmore. Women who have held this title include:

Elizabeth Lyon, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne (1663 to 1723)

Susan Lyon, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne (c. 1709–1754)

Mary Bowes, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne (1749–1800)

Frances Bowes-Lyon, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne (1832–1922)

Cecilia Bowes-Lyon, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne (1862–1938)

Mary Bowes-Lyon, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne (1932–2025)

Elizabeth Lyon, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne
Elizabeth Lyon, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne (née Stanhope, May 1663 – 24 April 1723), was an English noblewoman and the wife of Scottish peer John Lyon, 4th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne. Born to Lady Elizabeth Butler and Philip Stanhope, 2nd Earl of Chesterfield, her paternity was in doubt. It is possible that her actual father was James, Duke of York, who would in 1685 ascend the throne as King James II of England.

She was the subject of three portraits in mezzotint published by Alexander Browne after Sir Peter Lely. These are displayed at the National Portrait Gallery, in London.
Homotopy Lie algebra
In mathematics, in particular abstract algebra and topology, a homotopy Lie algebra (or -algebra) is a generalisation of the concept of a differential graded Lie algebra. To be a little more specific, the Jacobi identity only holds up to homotopy. Therefore, a differential graded Lie algebra can be seen as a homotopy Lie algebra where the Jacobi identity holds on the nose. These homotopy algebras are useful in classifying deformation problems over characteristic 0 in deformation theory because deformation functors are classified by quasi-isomorphism classes of -algebras. This was later extended to all characteristics by Jonathan Pridham.

Homotopy Lie algebras have applications within mathematics and mathematical physics; they are linked, for instance, to the Batalin–Vilkovisky formalism much like differential graded Lie algebras are.

Jacobi identity
In mathematics, the Jacobi identity is a property of a binary operation that describes how the order of evaluation, the placement of parentheses in a multiple product, affects the result of the operation. By contrast, for operations with the associative property, any order of evaluation gives the same result (parentheses in a multiple product are not needed). The identity is named after the German mathematician Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi. He derived the Jacobi identity for Poisson brackets in his 1862 paper on differential equations.

The cross product  and the Lie bracket operation  both satisfy the Jacobi identity. In analytical mechanics, the Jacobi identity is satisfied by the Poisson brackets. In quantum mechanics, it is satisfied by operator commutators on a Hilbert space and equivalently in the phase space formulation of quantum mechanics by the Moyal bracket.
Gastes
Gastes (French pronunciation: [ɡast]; Occitan: Gastas) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. It is located in the Landes forest, between Mimizan and Biscarrosse.

Mimizan
Mimizan (French pronunciation: [mimizɑ̃]; Occitan: Mamisan) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in south-western France. There are two separate districts of the town: Mimizan-Bourg (town center) and Mimizan-Plage (resort).
Saint-Malo Cathedral
Saint-Malo Cathedral (Cathédrale Saint-Vincent-de-Saragosse de Saint-Malo) is a Catholic Cathedral located in Saint-Malo, Brittany, France. The church was founded in dedication to Saint Vincent of Saragossa and is a national monument of France. It was built in a mix of Romanesque and Gothic styles during the episcopacy of Jean de Châtillon (1146-1163) on the site of an ancient church founded in the 7th century. The cathedral suffered damage during World War II when the steeple toppled onto the Sacred Heart Chapel. An organ which had been built in 1893 by Louis Debierre was destroyed. On 21 May 1972, after 28 years of work, a ceremony was held to celebrate the completion of the restoration. It is a stop on the Tro Breizh, a Catholic pilgrimage that links the towns of the seven founding saints of Brittany.

Tro Breizh
Tro Breizh (Breton for "Tour of Brittany") is a Catholic pilgrimage that links the towns of the seven founding saints of Brittany. These seven saints were Celtic monks from Britain from around the 5th or 6th century who brought Christianity to Armorica and founded its first bishoprics.

The tour originally was a month-long 600 km (370 mi) walking tour, but when relaunched in 1994 by Les Chemins du Tro Breizh ("The Paths of the Tro Breizh" in French), it was decided to limit the tour to one week-long stage every year, still following the original path:
Uniforms of the Royal Air Force
The Royal Air Force uniform is the standardised military dress worn by members of the Royal Air Force. The predominant colours of Royal Air Force uniforms are blue-grey and Wedgwood blue. Many Commonwealth air forces' uniforms are also based on the RAF pattern, but with nationality shoulder flashes. The Royal Air Force Air Cadets wear similar uniforms.

Multi-Terrain Pattern
The Multi-Terrain Pattern (MTP) is the standard camouflage pattern of the British Armed Forces. It is a modified version of Crye’s Multicam pattern using the same colour palette but with shapes that resemble the UK’s previous DPM pattern.

As part of the British Ministry of Defence's (MOD) Personal Equipment and Common Operational Clothing (PECOC) programme, three new camouflage patterns were considered for issue to British forces. These were a revised temperate Disruptive Pattern Material (DPM) using lighter colours, a new three-colour desert pattern with enhanced utility for night-time operations, and a hybrid four colour scheme using two colours from each of the previous patterns for use on webbing in all terrains.
Tuena
Tuena is a town in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, in Upper Lachlan Shire. It is located on Tuena Creek, tributary of the Abercrombie River, 269 km (167 mi) west of the state capital, Sydney.  At the 2016 census, Tuena and the surrounding area had a population of 59.

Only nine months after the first payable discovery of gold in Australia at Ophir (start of the Australian gold rushes), gold was found at Tuena.

Southern Tablelands
The Southern Tablelands is a geographic area of New South Wales, Australia, located south-west of Sydney and generally west of the Great Dividing Range.

The area is characterised by high, flat country which has generally been extensively cleared and used for grazing purposes.  The area is easily accessible to the Australian federal capital city of Canberra in the Australian Capital Territory. The area is included with the Southern Highlands and parts of the South West Slopes in the district that is known as Capital Country. In a wider sense, the term "Southern Tablelands" is also sometimes used to describe a broader region that includes the Monaro, the Southern Highlands and Australia's capital Canberra. The Southern Tablelands Temperate Grassland is a prominent vegetation community in the region.
Henrik Dedichen
Henrik Arnold Thaulow Dedichen (23 March 1863 – 3 March 1935) was a Norwegian psychiatrist. He was born in Modum. He was a great-grandson of Niels Andreas Vibe and grandson of Heinrich Arnold Thaulow and Nicoline Vibe. He was the father of children's writer Aimée Sommerfelt, and an uncle of Hans Heiberg.

He established a private psychiatric hospital at Trosterud in Østre Aker in 1911, which he managed until 1933. He started and edited the journal Tidsskrift for nordisk retsmedicin og psykiatri from 1901 to 1911, and wrote several books on psychiatric subjects. He was a member of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters from 1895, and was awarded the King's Medal of Merit in gold in 1926.

Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters
The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters (Danish: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab, DKNVS) is a Norwegian learned society based in Trondheim. It was founded in 1760 and is Norway's oldest scientific and scholarly institution. The society's Protector is King Harald V of Norway. Its membership consists of no more than 435 members elected for life among the country's most prominent scholars and scientists.

The society’s Danish name predates both written standards for Norwegian and has remained unchanged after Norway’s independence from Denmark in 1814 and the spelling reforms of the 20th century.
Golden Generation (English football)
The players of the England national football team in the 2000s have been referred to as a golden generation. Despite the talent of its players and their success at club level, the Golden Generation has been known as underachievers, being eliminated at the quarter-finals in three major tournaments and failing to qualify for UEFA Euro 2008.

The term "Golden Generation" was coined in 2001 by The Football Association chief executive Adam Crozier, and criticised as a burden by players such as Frank Lampard. Reasons offered by pundits and players for the failure of the team have included arrogance, tactical inflexibility, the incapability of Lampard and Steven Gerrard to perform together in midfield, and the lack of an assertive manager.

Golden generation
In sport, a golden generation', or golden team is an exceptionally gifted group of players of similar age, whose achievements reach or are expected to reach a level of success beyond that which their team had previously achieved. The term was first being cited by the media for Portugal's success during the FIFA Youth Championships in both 1989 and 1991. Alternatively, it can describe a group of players at a club, who typically are the same age group and often came through the club academy together. Often, a golden generation is given a nickname for example as "The Class of 92" or "The Bengan Boys".

Below is a list of teams who have been referred to by the media as golden generations, most of which played in the 21st century.
Nami Teshima
Nami Teshima (手島 奈美, Teshima Nami; born Nami Kimoto (木本 奈美, Kimoto Nami) on 31 March 1974) is a retired female Japanese judo wrestler.

Teshima was born in Hōfu, Yamaguchi, and began judo from 4th grade in elementary school. She entered the Sumitomo Marine & Fire Insurance after graduating from high school in 1993. She excelled at Osotogari, and also coached former world champion Gella Vandecaveye.

In 1997, Teshima participated in the World Judo Championships in Paris but was defeated by Cho Min-Sun in the first round. In 1998, she also participated in the Asian Games in Bangkok and won a silver medal. After then, she was regarded as one of the candidates of representative at Olympic Games in 2000 but was unable due to an anterior cruciate ligament injury. She retired in 2001, after the All-Japan Businessman Championships.

As of 2010, Teshima coaches judo at the Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Group judo club, which she formerly belonged to.

Cho Min-sun
Cho Min-sun (born 21 March 1972) is a South Korean judoka.

Cho won a gold medal in the middleweight division at the 1996 Summer Olympics and a bronze medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics, and also won two gold medals at the 1993 and 1995 World Championships.

Cho also won a bronze medal in the -48 kg division at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, where women's judo was held as a demonstration sport.

Cho is the only South Korean judoka to win national championships in five different judo divisions: from 48 to 66 kg.

She is currently a full professor at Korea National Sport University in Seoul.
Pleuron (insect anatomy)
The pleuron (pl. pleura, from Greek side, rib) is a lateral sclerite of thoracic segment of an insect between the tergum and the sternum. While the tergum is positioned on the top (dorsal), and the sternum on the bottom (ventral), the pleuron is positioned to the side (lateral). The terms pro-, meso- and metapleuron are used respectively for the pleura of the first, second and third thoracic segments.

A pleuron usually consists of a epimeron and an episternum. An epimeron is the posterior (back) sclerite of the pleuron, and an episternum is the anterior (front) sclerite.

Prothorax
The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the pronotum (dorsal), the prosternum (ventral), and the propleuron (lateral) on each side. The prothorax never bears wings in extant insects (except in some cases of atavism), though some fossil groups possessed wing-like projections. All adult insects possess legs on the prothorax, though in a few groups (e.g., the butterfly family Nymphalidae) the forelegs are greatly reduced. In many groups of insects, the pronotum is reduced in size, but in a few it is hypertrophied, such as in all beetles (Coleoptera). In most treehoppers (family Membracidae, order Hemiptera), the pronotum is expanded into often fantastic shapes that enhance their camouflage or mimicry. Similarly, in the Tetrigidae, the pronotum is extended backward to cover the flight wings, supplanting the function of the tegmina.
Buenos Aires 1859 1p "In Ps" tête-bêche pair
The Buenos Aires 1859 1p "In Ps" tête-bêche pair, also known as the “In Peso” tête-bêche Pair, is the only known specimen of an inverted error on Barquitos postage stamp issued by the sovereign state of Buenos Aires.

The original plates were constructed of 48 stereotype clichés. At one point, clichés were removed and reaffirmed to the wood base. During this process, one of the clichés was reaffixed upside-down, resulting in the tête-bêche error in position 33 (row 5, stamp 1), which is paired with the correct orientation stamp from position 41 (row 6, stamp 1). This error is different from tête-bêche printing varieties caused by a work-and-turn printing method because cliché errors are true mistakes, while tête-bêche printing varieties are the products of the method.

Postage and revenue stamp
A postage and revenue stamp, sometimes also called a dual-purpose stamp or a compound stamp, is a stamp which is equally valid for use for postage or revenue purposes. They often but not always bore an inscription such as "Postage and Revenue". Dual-purpose stamps were common in the United Kingdom and the British Empire during the 19th and 20th centuries, and they are still used in some countries as of the early 21st century.

Dual-purpose stamps used for postal purposes usually bear a postmark, while those which are used as revenues bear some form of fiscal cancel (such as a pen cancel, a handstamp or a commercial overprint).
Lisbunny, County Londonderry
Lisbunny (from Irish Lios Buinighe, meaning 'fort of the flood') is a townland of 849 acres in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland, about 3 miles Claudy, near the County Tyrone/Londonderry border. It is situated within Derry and Strabane district as well as the civil parish of Cumber Upper and the historic barony of Tirkeeran.

It is a rural farming area with few amenities, although it does contain a stone quarry.

Derry City and Strabane
Derry City and Strabane is a local government district that was created on 1 April 2015 by merging the City of Derry District and Strabane District. It covers most of the northwest of Northern Ireland. The local authority is Derry City and Strabane District Council.
William Douglas, 2nd Earl of Angus
William Douglas, 2nd Earl of Angus (24 February 1398 – October 1437) was a Scottish nobleman and soldier. The son of George Douglas, 1st Earl of Angus and Mary Stewart, he was a grandson of King Robert III.

The story of Angus' life is interwoven with that of his uncle and King, James I of Scotland.

Angus was born about 1398 at Tantallon Castle in East Lothian. He inherited the Earldom of Angus in 1402, following his father's death of the plague whilst in English captivity, following the Battle of Homildon Hill.

Battle of Homildon Hill
The Battle of Holmedon Hill or Battle of Homildon Hill was a conflict between English and Scottish armies on 14 September 1402 in Northumberland, England. The battle was recounted in William Shakespeare's Henry IV, Part 1. Although Humbleton Hill is the modern name of the site, over the centuries it has been variously named Homildon, Hameldun, Holmedon, and Homilheugh.
Archaeology Museum of Catalonia (Girona)
41°59′19″N 2°49′35″E﻿ / ﻿41.9887°N 2.8265°E﻿ / 41.9887; 2.8265

The Archaeology Museum of Catalonia in Girona (Catalan: Museu d'Arqueologia de Catalunya a Girona, MAC Girona) is one of the five venues of the Archaeology Museum of Catalonia, located in the Sant Pere de Galligants Benedictine abbey of Girona since its foundation in 1857. It contains materials found during archaeological excavations at various sites in the province of Girona, dating from prehistory to the Middle Ages.

The museum was founded as the Provincial Museum of Antiquities and Fine Arts in 1846 by the Provincial Monument Commission, and is therefore one of the oldest museums in Catalonia. Between 1846 and 1857 the Museum had several different locations, until Sant Pere de Galligants monastery in 1857, where it has remained until today, and where it was given the name by which it is popularly known.

Archaeology Museum of Catalonia
The Archaeology Museum of Catalonia (Catalan: Museu d'Arqueologia de Catalunya, MAC) is an archaeological museum with five venues that exposes the most important archaeological collection of Catalonia, focusing on prehistoric times and ancient history. The museum was originally founded in 1932 by the Republican Government of Catalonia. The modern institution was created under the Museums of Catalonia Act in 1990 by the Ministry of Culture of the same Government.

The head office is located in the former Palace of Graphic Arts, which was built on the Montjuïc hill for the 1929 Barcelona International Exposition. The pavilion was initially to be dismantled once the event was over, but it was conserved and refitted by the architect Josep Gudiol before the museum opened its doors in 1932.
Billboard Music Award for Top Social Artist
The Billboard Music Award for Top Social Artist is one of three fan-voted categories in the award show. It is awarded based on major fan interactions with music including streaming and social engagement, together with the global online voting results.

The award was first won in 2011 by Justin Bieber, who is the most nominated artist in the category with eight nominations, followed by Ariana Grande with seven, BTS with five, while Rihanna and Taylor Swift each have four. Bieber is also the most awarded nominee with six consecutive wins. His winning streak was broken as of the 2017 ceremony by BTS, who were the first K-pop group ever to be nominated for and win a Billboard Music Award. They have won the award for five consecutive years.

2017 Billboard Music Awards
The 2017 Billboard Music Awards ceremony was held at the T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas, Nevada on May 21, 2017. The list of nominees was announced on April 10, 2017. Non-televised awards were announced on Billboard website the same day as the main ceremony.