hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amy Lin
Amy Lin (born November 3, 1999) is a Taiwanese-American figure skater. She is the 2016 Toruń Cup bronze medalist, the 2016 Asian Open bronze medalist, and a four-time Taiwanese national champion (2016–2019). She has competed in the final segment at eight ISU Championships.

ISU Challenger Series
The ISU Challenger Series is a series of ten international figure skating competitions sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU) and organized by ISU member nations. The series was introduced in 2014; its stated goal is to provide consistent organization and structure within a series of international competitions, as well as opportunities for senior-level skaters to compete at the international level while also earning World Standing points. The Nebelhorn Trophy, the Nepela Memorial, and the Golden Spin of Zagreb have been regular competitions in the series since the beginning, as was the Finlandia Trophy until 2024. Skaters and teams are eligible to compete in up to three Challenger Series events each season, and their top two scores are combined to calculate their total Challenger Series scores.
Woollahra
Woollahra (/wʊˈlɑːrə/ wool-AH-rə) is a suburb in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Woollahra is located 5 km (3.1 mi) east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Municipality of Woollahra. Woollahra is located on the traditional land of the Birrabirragal and Gadigal people of the Eora Nation. The Municipality of Woollahra takes its name from the suburb but its administrative centre is located in Double Bay. Woollahra is known for its quiet, tree-lined residential streets and village-style shopping centre.

Double Bay
Double Bay is a harbourside eastern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia 4 kilometres east of the Sydney central business district. It is the administrative centre of the local government area of the Municipality of Woollahra.

Double Bay takes its name from the bay of Sydney Harbour and refers to the two geographical formations between Point Piper and Darling Point, which are interrupted by a miniature point in between. The eastern part is also known as Blackburn Cove. It has some of the most expensive real-estate in Australia and is colloquially often referred to as "Double Pay", a term coined due to the high income of people living there, and the nature of the shopping area which features high-end fashion labels.
Live Forever (Bob Marley album)
Live Forever: September 23, 1980 • Stanley Theatre • Pittsburgh, PA is a live album by Bob Marley & The Wailers released in February 2011, recorded at Pittsburgh's Stanley Theatre during the Uprising Tour to support their, then, latest album of the same name.

Rita Marley
Alfarita Constantia Marley (née Anderson; born 25 July 1946) is a Jamaican reggae singer. She is the widow of reggae musician Bob Marley. Along with Marcia Griffiths and Judy Mowatt, Rita was a member of the reggae vocal group the I Threes, and the backing vocalists for Bob Marley and the Wailers.
Mistra Bay
Mistra Bay (Maltese: Il-Bajja tal-Mistra) is a bay in northeastern Malta, near Mellieħa. The bay is surrounded by cliffs and is considered an inlet of St. Paul's Bay. To the north, lies Selmun Palace. The Mistra Battery is found on the east side of the bay. Two restaurants are also in the north side of the bay, connected via a rugged road. Several fish farms are located around 595 metres (1,952 ft) offshore. Recent clean ups have also reduced the amount of waste found on the beach. The beach present is made out of pebbles and has been cited by Roman and Phoenician authors living in Melite.

Selmun Palace
Selmun Palace (Maltese: Il-Palazz ta' Selmun), also known as Selmun Tower, is a villa on the Selmun Peninsula in Mellieħa, Malta. It was built in the 18th century by the Monte della Redenzione degli Schiavi, funded by the Monte di Pietà. The palace was located on the grounds of a hotel until it closed in 2011.
Malika Booker
Malika Booker (born 1970) is a British writer, poet and multi-disciplinary artist, who is considered "a pioneer of the present spoken word movement" in the UK. Her writing spans different genres of storytelling, including poetry, theatre, monologue, installation and education, and her work has appeared widely in journals and anthologies. Organizations for which she has worked include Arts Council England, the BBC, British Council, Wellcome Trust, National Theatre, Royal Shakespeare Company, Arvon, and Hampton Court Palace.

The Poetry Review
The Poetry Review is the magazine of The Poetry Society, edited by the poet Wayne Holloway-Smith. Founded in 1912, shortly after the establishment of the Society, previous editors have included poets Muriel Spark, Adrian Henri, Andrew Motion and Maurice Riordan.
Kirata kingdom
Kirata kingdom in Sanskrit literature and Hindu mythology refers to any kingdom of the Kiratas, who were dwellers mostly in the Himalayas (mostly eastern Himalaya). They took part in the Kurukshetra War along with Parvatas (mountaineers) and other Himalayan tribes.

Daradas
Daradas were an ancient people who lived north and north-west to the Kashmir Valley. This kingdom is identified to be the Gilgit region, in the Gilgit-Baltistan region (part of ancient kamboja kingdom and  Baloristan) along the river Sindhu or Indus. They are often spoken along with the Kambojas. The Pandava hero Arjuna had visited this country of Daradas during his northern military campaign to collect tribute for Yudhishthira's Rajasuya sacrifice. The country of Darada has also been mentioned in the Rasa Ratna Samucchaya, a book dealing about Rasasastra
Sigma1 Gruis
Sigma1 Gruis, a Latinization of σ1 Gruis, is a star in the constellation Grus. It is a dim, white-hued star near the lower limit for visibility to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 6.26. This object is located 229 light-years (70.1 pc) distant from the Sun based on parallax. The radial velocity of this star is poorly constrained, but it appears to be drifting further away at the rate of +7 km/s.

This is an A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A2 Vn; a star that is currently fusing its core hydrogen. It has a relatively high rate of spin as indicated by the 'n' suffix, showing a projected rotational velocity of 163 km/s. This object is 194 million years old with double the mass and radius of the Sun. The star is radiating 12 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 9,230 K. It is a source of X-ray emission, which may indicate it has an unseen stellar companion.

A-type main-sequence star
An A-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen burning) star of spectral type A. The spectral luminosity class is V. These stars have spectra defined by strong hydrogen Balmer absorption lines. They measure between 1.7 and 2.1 solar masses (M☉), have surface temperatures between 7,600 and 10,000 K, and live for about a quarter of the lifetime of the Sun. Bright and nearby examples are Altair (A7), Sirius A (A1), and Vega (A0). A-type stars do not have convective zones and thus are not expected to harbor magnetic dynamos. As a consequence, because they do not have strong stellar winds; they lack a means to generate X-ray emission.
Grey noise
Grey noise is random noise whose frequency spectrum follows an equal-loudness contour (such as an inverted A-weighting curve).

The result is that grey noise contains all frequencies with equal loudness, as opposed to white noise, which contains all frequencies with equal energy. The difference between the two is the result of psychoacoustics, more specifically the fact that the human hearing is more sensitive to some frequencies than others.

Since equal-loudness curves depend not only on the individual but also on the volume at which the noise is played back, there is no one true grey noise. A mathematically simpler and clearly defined approximation of an equal-loudness noise is pink noise which creates an equal amount of energy per octave, not per hertz (i.e. a logarithmic instead of a linear behavior), so pink noise is closer to "equally loud at all frequencies" than white noise is.

Pink noise
Pink noise, 1⁄f noise, fractional noise or fractal noise is a signal or process with a frequency spectrum such that the power spectral density (power per frequency interval) is inversely proportional to the frequency of the signal. In pink noise, each octave interval (halving or doubling in frequency) carries an equal amount of noise energy.

Pink noise sounds like a waterfall. It is often used to tune loudspeaker systems in professional audio. Pink noise is one of the most commonly observed signals in biological systems.

The name arises from the pink appearance of visible light with this power spectrum. This is in contrast with white noise which has equal intensity per frequency interval.
Proton affinity
The proton affinity (PA, Epa) of an anion or of a neutral atom or molecule is the negative of the enthalpy change in the reaction between the chemical species concerned and a proton in the gas phase:

These reactions are always exothermic in the gas phase, i.e. energy is released (enthalpy is negative) when the reaction advances in the direction shown above, while the proton affinity is positive. This is the same sign convention used for electron affinity. The property related to the proton affinity is the gas-phase basicity, which is the negative of the Gibbs energy for above reactions, i.e. the gas-phase basicity includes entropic terms in contrast to the proton affinity.

Electron affinity
The electron affinity (Eea) of an atom or molecule is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron attaches to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form an anion.

X(g) + e− →  X−(g) + energy

This differs by sign from the energy change of electron capture ionization. The electron affinity is positive when energy is released on electron capture.

In solid state physics, the electron affinity for a surface is defined somewhat differently.
1984 Swiss Open
The 1984 Swiss Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Gstaad, Switzerland that was part of the  1984 Volvo Grand Prix tennis circuit. It was the 38th edition of the tournament and was held from 9 July through 15 July 1984. Unseeded Joakim Nyström won the singles title.

Swiss Open (tennis)
The EFG Swiss Open Gstaad (currently sponsored by EFG International) is a tennis tournament held in Gstaad, Switzerland. The tournament is played on outdoor clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Tour schedule as an ATP Tour 250 series event. It is the eighth oldest tennis tournament in the world. Between 1971 and 1989 it was an event of the Grand Prix tennis circuit.
Sweetwater, Nebraska
Sweetwater is an unincorporated community in Beaver Township, Buffalo County, Nebraska, United States.  It lies along Nebraska Highway 2, halfway between Ravenna and Hazard.   It is a part of the Kearney, Nebraska Micropolitan Statistical Area.  Sweetwater is located on Mud Creek, a tributary of the South Loup River.

Kearney micropolitan area, Nebraska
The Kearney Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in Nebraska, anchored by the city of Kearney.

As of the 2010 census, the area had a population of 52,591 (though a July 1, 2011 estimate placed the population at 53,278).
Crash-Landing (Die Toten Hosen album)
Crash-Landing or Crash Landing (subtitled Perfect Tunes for the Final Ride or ...perfekt tunes for the final ride [it is unknown whether "perfekt" is a misprint or intentional]) is the second English language studio album by the German punk band Die Toten Hosen, intended for the Australian market. As on Love, Peace & Money, most of the songs are translated DTH German language songs. Some songs were originally b-sides to various singles.

T. V. Smith
Timothy "T. V." Smith (born 5 April 1956) is an English singer-songwriter who was part of punk band The Adverts in the late 1970s. Since then he has fronted other bands, as well as pursuing a solo career.
Pauline Clément
Pauline Clément (born November 8, 1986) is a French actress. After a period of academic failure linked to dyslexia, she pursued several lines of employment including carpentry, cabinetmaking and aesthetics before discovering her passion for theater and improvisation.

Clément is known for performing across a range of registers and platforms, including the Comédie-Française, satirical sketches and the mini series Abonne-toi of Yes vous aime on YouTube. Explaining her choice of an atypical and offbeat career, she stated: "It's true that it sometimes gives me the impression of leading a double life [...] but I find my balance there. At the Comédie-Française, they choose the roles for me, it is oriented towards what I can play, even if they are pieces that are very different from each other, and sometimes very modern. In Yes, I am freer, I can create characters."

Jean-Paul Rouve
Jean-Paul Rouve (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃pɔl
ʁuv(ə)]; born 26 January 1967) is a French actor, screenwriter, film producer and director. He is a founding member of the Les Robins des Bois comedy troupe, active from 1996 onwards.

He has appeared in over 70 film and television productions since 1993, having held roles in comedy films such as Asterix & Obelix: Mission Cleopatra (2002), RRRrrrr!!! (2004), Those Happy Days (2006) and Les Tuche (2011).
Germ (mathematics)
In mathematics, the notion of a germ of an object in/on a topological space is an equivalence class of that object and others of the same kind that captures their shared local properties. In particular, the objects in question are mostly functions (or maps) and subsets. In specific implementations of this idea, the functions or subsets in question will have some property, such as being analytic or smooth, but in general this is not needed (the functions in question need not even be continuous); it is however necessary that the space on/in which the object is defined is a topological space, in order that the word local has some meaning.

Indicator function
In mathematics, an indicator function or a characteristic function of a subset of a set is a function that maps elements of the subset to one, and all other elements to zero. That is, if A is a subset of some set X, then the indicator function of A is the function  defined by  if  and  otherwise. Other common notations are 𝟙A and

The indicator function of A is the Iverson bracket of the property of belonging to A; that is,

For example, the Dirichlet function is the indicator function of the rational numbers as a subset of the real numbers.
Vortex Bladeless
Vortex Bladeless Ltd. is a Spanish technology startup company that is developing a specific type of wind power generator without rotating blades or lubricants. Power is produced from resonant vibrations when wind passes through the turbine and is deflected into vortices in a process called vortex shedding.

This technology might replace previous solar electricity installations, such as low-power systems, off-grid generation, autonomous systems, and distributed generation of electricity.

Linear alternator
A linear alternator is an electromechanical type of alternator that is essentially a linear motor used as an electrical generator.

An alternator generates alternating current (AC) electricity. It converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, unlike a motor, which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Although similar to other electric generators, an alternator typically uses rotary motion, while a linear alternator uses motion in a straight line, operating via electromagnetic induction. Moving-magnet linear alternators power thermoacoustic converters.
George Finlay (priest)
George Finlay  was an Irish Anglican priest in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries: he was Archdeacon of Clogher from 1886 until 1903.

Finlay was educated at Trinity College, Dublin  and ordained in 1853. He served curacies at Fahan, Templeport, Lower Langfield and Collon. He was the incumbent at Drumcar from 1861 until 1873;"Clogher clergy and parishes : being an account of the clergy of the Church of Ireland in the Diocese of Clogher, from the earliest period, with historical notices of the several parishes, churches, etc" Leslie, J.B. p49: Enniskille; R. H. Ritchie; 1929 and Aghabog from 1873 to 1886.

In 1903 Finlay was put forward to be the next Bishop of Clogher, but was not elected.

Archdeacon of Clogher
The Archdeacon of Clogher is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Anglican Diocese of Clogher. The Archdeacon is responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the diocese. The archdeaconry can trace its history back to Reginald MacGilla Finin who held the office in 1268. The incumbent is Canon Paul Thompson.
Architecture of the Bulgarian Revival
The architecture of the Bulgarian Revival is an Ottoman style architecture developed between 1770 and 1900.

Plovdiv's Old Town is a living museum of the type of National Revival architecture that developed there (there were regional differences) in the early to mid-1800.

The roots of the houses of Bulgarian Revival follows a tradition of buildings from the architecture of the Second Bulgarian Empire. There are cities in Bulgaria with preserved Revival architecture are:the old town of Plovdiv, the mountain towns of Tryavna, Kotel, Sopot, Koprivshtitsa, Elena, the old Bulgarian capital - Veliko Tarnovo and others.

Bulgarian Revival
The Bulgarian Revival (Bulgarian: Българско възраждане, romanized: Balgarsko vazrazhdane, Turkish: Bulgar ulus canlanması), also called the Bulgarian National Revival, was a period of socio-economic development and national integration among Bulgarian people under Ottoman rule. It is commonly accepted to have started with the historical book, Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya, written in 1762 by Paisius, a Bulgarian monk of the Hilandar monastery at Mount Athos, leading to the National awakening of Bulgaria and the modern Bulgarian nationalism, and lasting until the creation of autonomous status for Bulgaria with the formation of the Principality of Bulgaria in 1878 as a result of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878.
Cheerio (drink)
Cheerio (チェリオ, Cherio) is a Japanese carbonated soft drink manufactured by the Cheerio Corporation. The drink comes in multiple flavors, and was introduced in 1963. The drinks used to be sold in glass bottles, similar to those used for Ramune. In recent years, with the proliferation of steel and aluminum cans and PET bottles, Cheerio (grape and orange only) in glass bottles is only available in the Chūbu region southwest of Tokyo, as well as three vending units in Kanagawa Prefecture.

Ramune
Ramune (ラムネ) (Japanese pronunciation: [ɾamɯne]) is a carbonated soft drink served in a Codd-neck bottle. It was introduced in 1884 in Kobe as a carbonated lemonade by the Scottish pharmacist Alexander Cameron Sim. The name ramune is derived from the English word lemonade.
Levin Center for Oversight and Democracy
The Carl Levin Center for Oversight and Democracy is a nonpartisan organization within Wayne State University Law School in Detroit, Michigan, working to improve the ability of "legislative bodies at all levels – federal, state, and abroad – to expose public and private sector abuses, ensure effective governance, and bring critical facts to light for the benefit of all." The Levin Center was founded by former U.S. Senator Carl Levin to promote bipartisan, fact-based oversight investigative techniques.

Jocelyn Benson
Jocelyn Michelle Benson (born October 22, 1977) is an American politician and attorney who has served as the 43rd Secretary of State of Michigan since 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, she served as dean of Wayne State University Law School from 2012 to 2016.

In 2018, Benson was elected as the Secretary of State in Michigan, securing the position with an 8.9 percentage point margin over Republican Mary Treder Lang. This victory made her the first Democrat to hold the office since 1995. She was reelected in 2022, defeating Republican Kristina Karamo by a margin of 14 percentage points, setting a record for the largest margin and vote share among statewide candidates that year.

Benson is a candidate for governor of Michigan in the 2026 election, having announced her campaign in January 2025.
New Alipurduar railway station
New Alipurduar is one of the four railway stations that serve Alipurduar city in Alipurduar district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Its station code is NOQ. The other three adjacent railway stations are Alipurduar Junction (station code APDJ), Alipurduar Court (station code APDC) and Alipurduar (station code APD).

Kamrup Express
Kamrup Express is a daily Express train which connects Kolkata, the capital of the state of West Bengal with Dibrugarh, a major tea manufacturing town in upper Assam. The name Kamrup is derived from the Kamrup district, one of the 35 administrative regions of the State of Assam. The train is operated by the North East Frontier Railway zone of Indian Railways and has two dedicated services, namely 15959 / 15960 via Guwahati and 15961 / 15962 via Rangapara North.
Grande-Rivière Ecological Reserve
Grande-Rivière Ecological Reserve (French: Réserve écologique de la Grande-Rivière, pronounced [ʁezɛʁv ekɔlɔʒik də la ɡʁɑ̃d ʁivjɛʁ]) is an ecological reserve of Quebec, Canada. It was established on February 14, 2001.

Ecological reserves of Quebec
Ecological reserves of Quebec are protected areas devoted to conservation, education and research.
They are generally closed to the public, with the exception of Serpentine-de-Coleraine, Forêt-la-Blanche des Tourbières-de-Lanoraie and Île-Brion. 
They are managed by the Ministry of Sustainable Development, Environment, Wildlife and Parks. 
According to the protected area classification of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Quebec's ecological reserves fall into IUCN category 1a, which is the highest level of protection in the world. 
Thus, there is no exploration or exploitation of natural resources, no roads can pass through the reserve, no energy equipment is allowed and hunting, trapping and fishing activities are prohibited.
Alkannin
Alkannin is a natural dye that is obtained from the extracts of the plant dyer's alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria) which is found in the Mediterranean region. The dye is used as a food coloring and in cosmetics; within the European E number schedule, it is numbered E103. It is used as a red-brown food additive in regions such as Australia. Alkannin is deep red in an acid and blue in an alkaline environment. The chemical structure as a naphthoquinone derivative was first determined by Hans Brockmann in 1936. The (R)-enantiomer of alkannin is known as shikonin, and the racemic mixture of the two is known as shikalkin.

Food coloring
Food coloring, color additive or colorant is any dye, pigment, or substance that imparts color when it is added to food or beverages. Colorants can be supplied as liquids, powders, gels, or pastes. Food coloring is commonly used in commercial products and in domestic cooking.

Food colorants are also used in various non-food applications, including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, home craft projects, and medical devices. Some colorings may be natural, such as with carotenoids and anthocyanins extracted from plants or cochineal from insects, or may be synthesized, such as tartrazine yellow.

In the manufacturing of foods, beverages and cosmetics, the safety of colorants is under constant scientific review and certification by national regulatory agencies, such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and by international reviewers, such as the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.