hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hagar
According to the Book of Genesis, Hagar is an Egyptian slave, a handmaiden of Sarah (then known as Sarai), whom Sarah gave to her own husband Abram (later renamed Abraham) as a wife to bear him a child. Abraham's firstborn son through Hagar, Ishmael, became the progenitor of the Ishmaelites, generally taken to be the Arabs. Various commentators have connected her to the Hagrites (sons of Agar), perhaps claiming her as their eponymous ancestor. Hagar is alluded to, although not named, in the Quran, and Islam considers her Abraham's second wife.

Ishmael in Islam
Ishmael (Arabic: إسماعيل ʾIsmāʿīl) is regarded by Muslims as an Islamic prophet. Born to Abraham and Hagar, he is the namesake of the Ishmaelites, who were descended from him. In Islam, he is associated with Mecca and the construction of the Kaaba within today's Masjid al-Haram, which is the holiest Islamic site. Muslims also consider him to be a direct ancestor to Muhammad. His paternal half-brother was Isaac, the forefather of the Israelites.

Islam's conception of Ishmael is similar to that of Judaism and Christianity. Sources for this narrative include the Quran and tafsir (i.e., Quranic exegesis); Muhammad's ahadith; historiographic collections by al-Tabari and other Muslim scholars; and Israʼiliyyat, which collectively refers to information and religious literature sourced primarily from the Jews for details about early prophets and messengers.: 13
Leymeriellidae
Leymeriellidae is an extinct family of Lower Cretaceous ammonites comprising rather small forms distinguished from Hoplitidae by their flattened and grooved ribs and virtual absence of umbilical tubercles. The family is derived from the Desmoceratidae. Leymeriella schrammeni anterior has evolved from Desmoceras keilhacki keilhacki.

Desmoceratidae
Desmoceratidae is a family belonging to the ammonite superfamily Desmoceratoidea.  They are an extinct group of ammonoids, shelled cephalopods related to squid, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids, that lived between the  Lower Cretaceous (Upper Valanginian) and Upper
Cretaceous (Upper Maastrichtian).
Sarku Sara
Sarku Sara (Persian: سركوسرا, also Romanized as Sarkū Sarā; also known as Sūrgūsarā) is a small village in Chehel Shahid Rural District, in the Central District of Ramsar County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 61, in 15 families.

Chehel Shahid Rural District
Chehel Shahid Rural District (Persian: دهستان چهل شهيد) is in Dalkhani District of Ramsar County, Mazandaran province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chalakrud. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Galesh Mahalleh, now the city of Dalkhani.
EuroBasket Women 2007
The 2007 European Women Basketball Championship, commonly called EuroBasket Women 2007, was the 31st regional championship held by FIBA Europe. The competition was held in Italy and took place from September 24, 2007 to October 7, 2007. Russia won the gold medal and Spain the silver medal while Belarus won the bronze. Amaya Valdemoro from Spain was named the tournament MVP.

EuroBasket Women
EuroBasket Women is a biennial international women's basketball competition held between the nations of FIBA Europe for women's national teams. EuroBasket Women is also used as a qualifying tournament for the FIBA Women's World Cup and also the Olympic Games.
Catholic Church in Pakistan
The Catholic Church in Pakistan is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the pope in Rome.

In 2018, there were 1,333,450 Catholics in Pakistan, which represents less than 1% of the total population. There are seven ecclesiastical units in Pakistan comprising two archdioceses, four dioceses, and one apostolic vicariate, all Latin Rite.

Civil awards and decorations of Pakistan
Civil awards and decorations of Pakistan are awards and decorations which are bestowed by the Government of Pakistan for acts of accomplishment benefiting the nation as a whole. It was established after the constitution of Pakistan was passed in 1973. The announcement of civil awards is generally made once a year on Independence Day, August 14, and their investiture takes place on the following Pakistan Day, March 23. According to Article 259 of the Constitution of Pakistan 1973, along with the Decorations Act, 1975, the President of Pakistan confers civil awards on Pakistani citizens in recognition of gallantry. Awards for Pride of Performance are conferred for outstanding achievements in the fields of art, literature, science, sports and nursing.
Cerro Quemado
27°31′03″S 66°37′46″W﻿ / ﻿27.51749°S 66.62932°W﻿ / -27.51749; -66.62932

Cerro Quemado (Burned Mountain) is a mountain in the Andes Mountains of Argentina. Found in the Atacama Plateau along with about 12 others (such as Cerro Solo, Antofalla, Pular), it has a height of 6,184 metres (20,289 ft).

Pular (volcano)
Pular is a volcanic massif in the northern Chilean Andes, in the Antofagasta Region north of Socompa volcano. It consists of the individual mountains Pajonales and Pular, which are among the highest mountains in the region and of great cultural importance to the neighbouring towns of Socaire and Peine. Pular and Pajonales have multiple volcanic craters and have produced lava domes. The mountains were active during the last three million years; whether there was any activity in historical times is unclear. The mountains are largely unglaciated in the present, owing to the dry climate, although groundwater originates on them. During the Last Glacial Maximum, glacial advances left a girdle of moraines around the massif.
Legarda station
Legarda station is an elevated Light Rail Transit (LRT) station located on the LRT Line 2 (LRT-2) system in Sampaloc, Manila. It is named after Legarda Street, where the station sits above it. The street in turn is named after Benito Legarda, a Filipino legislator.

The station is the second station for trains headed to Antipolo and the twelfth station for trains headed to Recto. It first commenced operations on April 5, 2004 and served as the western terminus of the line until Recto station opened on October 29, 2004.

It is regarded as one of the busiest stations of the line.

Antipolo station
Antipolo station, formerly known as Masinag station, is the current eastern terminus of the Light Rail Transit Line 2 (LRT-2) system. It opened on July 5, 2021 and is the line's easternmost station, situated on the stretch of Marikina–Infanta Highway near the intersection of Sumulong Highway in Antipolo, Rizal. It is the first LRT station outside Metro Manila to be operational.
Greenfaulds High School
Greenfaulds High School is a mixed, non-denominational six-year comprehensive secondary school. The original building was opened in 1971, while the new building was first opened to the public on 29 September 2016, and the old building has now been demolished. Greenfaulds is situated in the west of Cumbernauld and provides a service to the Greenfaulds, Ravenswood, Condorrat, Westfield, Eastfield, Balloch, Craigmarloch areas and parts of Seafar. The Head Teacher is James Vaugh-Sharp. The current school building has a maximum capacity of 1,450 pupils, making it the largest school in the Lanarskhire area and one of the largest in Scotland. Greenfaulds has six associated primary schools, which are Baird Memorial, Condorrat, Eastfield, Ravenswood, Westfield, and Woodlands.

Condorrat
Condorrat is a former village in North Lanarkshire, Scotland. Like Luggiebank, Castlecary and Dullatur, it predates the new town of Cumbernauld, but unlike those Condorrat was officially included in the designated new town area. Since then it has officially been part of Cumbernauld although it retains some of its own distinctive character. Dalshannon Farm and cottages were located in the area west of the original town and farm, and north of the Luggie. So also was a corn mill called Wood Mill. Road signs show they are is now in the western part of Condorrat towards Mollinsburn.

Condorrat now has many of its own facilities, including a health centre, three primary schools and a library.
Arthur Braverman
Arthur Braverman is an American author and translator, primarily translating from Japanese to English. A Zen Buddhist practitioner, Braverman lived in Japan for seven years and studied at Antai-ji temple in 1969 training under Kosho Uchiyama. In 1978 he returned to the United States and studied classical Japanese at Columbia University. He lives in Ojai, CA with his wife.

Kōshō Uchiyama
Kosho Uchiyama (内山 興正, Uchiyama Kōshō; 1912 – March 13, 1998) was a Sōtō Zen monk, origami master, and abbot of Antai-ji near Kyoto, Japan.

Uchiyama was author of more than twenty books on Zen Buddhism and origami,  of which the best known in the Western World are Opening the Hand of Thought: Foundations of Zen Buddhist Practice and How to Cook Your Life: From the Zen Kitchen to Enlightenment.
1955 Pan American Games medal table
The 1955 Pan American Games, officially known as the II Pan American Games, were a continental multi-sport event held in Mexico City, Mexico, from March 12 to March 26, 1955. At the Games, 2,583 athletes selected from 21 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in events in 17 sports. Seventeen nations earned medals during the competition, and twelve won at least one gold medal.

1955 Pan American Games
The 1955 Pan American Games, officially known as II Pan American Games (Spanish: II Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mexico 1955 (Spanish: México 1955), opened on March 12, 1955, at University Stadium in Mexico City, Mexico, in front of a capacity crowd of 100,000 spectators.

A total of 2,583 athletes from 22 nations marched in review and formed ranks upon the infield. The nations paraded into the stadium in Spanish alphabetical order:  Argentina, Bahamas, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chile, El Salvador, United States, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Paraguay, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Mexico. The hot sun, combined with the high altitude, caused two members of the U.S. team to collapse. Both quickly recovered.
Acid catalysis
In acid catalysis and base catalysis, a chemical reaction is catalyzed by an acid or a base. By Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, the acid is the proton (hydrogen ion, H+) donor and the base is the proton acceptor. Typical reactions catalyzed by proton transfer are esterifications and aldol reactions. In these reactions, the conjugate acid of the carbonyl group is a better electrophile than the neutral carbonyl group itself. Depending on the chemical species that act as the acid or base, catalytic mechanisms can be classified as either specific catalysis and general catalysis. Many enzymes operate by general catalysis.

Alkylation
Alkylation is a chemical reaction that entails transfer of an alkyl group. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion, or a carbene (or their equivalents). Alkylating agents are reagents for effecting alkylation.  Alkyl groups can also be removed in a process known as dealkylation.  Alkylating agents are often classified according to their nucleophilic or electrophilic character. In oil refining contexts, alkylation refers to a particular alkylation of isobutane with olefins. For upgrading of petroleum, alkylation produces a premium blending stock for gasoline. In medicine, alkylation of DNA is used in chemotherapy to damage the DNA of cancer cells. Alkylation is accomplished with the class of drugs called alkylating antineoplastic agents.
Carlsberg, Hillerød
Carlsberg (also spelled Karlsberg), formerly known as the Fishing Master's House (Danish: Fiskemesterhuset),   is a house and former estate located on Københavnsvej at the southeastern entrance to Hillerød, Denmark. The property traces its history back to the first half of the 18th century but the current two residential units building was constructed in the 1750s. A number of artists have resided in the building in the late 19th and early 20th century, including Viggo Pedersen and Niels Skovgaard. It was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1949. The nearby road Carlsbergvej is named after the property.

Hillerød
Hillerød (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhiləˌʁœðˀ]) is a Danish town with a population of 36,604 (1 January 2025) located in the centre of North Zealand approximately 30 km to the northwest of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hillerød is the administrative centre of Hillerød Municipality and also the administrative seat of Region Hovedstaden (Capital Region of Denmark), one of the five regions in Denmark. It is most known for its large Renaissance castle, Frederiksborg Castle, now home to the Museum of National History. The town is surrounded by the former royal forests of Gribskov to the north and Store Dyrehave to the south.
Sahender Singh
Sahender Singh Ramala is an Indian politician and was a member of 17th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. He represented the Chhaprauli constituency as a member of the Rashtriya Lok Dal. Singh was expelled from party in 2018, after which he joined Bharatiya Janta Party.

17th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Seventeenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (Seventeenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 19 March 2017 as a result of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 2017 held from 11 February to 8 March 2017. The Legislative Assembly had total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member, Dr. Denzil J. Godin).

The term of the 17th assembly was from 19 March 2017 to 12 March 2022.
Hemswell Cliff
Hemswell Cliff is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the A631 road between Caenby Corner and Gainsborough and on the Lincoln Cliff escarpment. The civil parish also includes the western part of the hamlet of Spital-in-the-Street on the A15 road (Ermine Street).  According to the 2001 Census the parish had a population of 683.

Hemswell Cliff Primary School is in the village.

A15 road (England)
The A15 is a major road in England. It runs north from Peterborough via Market Deeping, Bourne, Sleaford and Lincoln along a variety of ancient, Roman, and Turnpike alignments before it is interrupted at its junction with the M180 near Scawby. The road restarts 10 miles (16 km) east, and then continues north past Barton-upon-Humber, crossing the Humber on the Humber Bridge before terminating at Hessle near Kingston upon Hull.
Frankfurter Ring
The Frankfurter Ring is an approximately 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) long street in the districts Milbertshofen and Freimann of Munich, Germany.

It is connected to Moosacher Straße (west) and Föhringer Ring (east).
The subway station of the same name Frankfurter Ring is next to it.

The street is named after the city of Frankfurt.

Milbertshofen-Am Hart
Milbertshofen (German pronunciation: [ˈmɪlbɐtsˌhoːfn̩] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Muibatshofa), Am Riesenfeld and Am Hart (German pronunciation: [am ˈhaʁt] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Am Hoart) are three boroughs situated in the north of Munich in Germany. Jointly, they form the city district 11 Milbertshofen-Am Hart. As of December 2016, the three boroughs had 76,255 inhabitants.
Digital photo frame
A digital photo frame (also called a digital media frame) is a picture frame that displays digital photos without the need of a computer or printer. The introduction of digital photo frames predates tablet computers, which can serve the same purpose in some situations; however, digital photo frames are generally designed specifically for the stationary, aesthetic display of photographs and therefore usually provide a nicer-looking frame and a power system designed for continuous use.

Digital photo frames come in a variety of different shapes and sizes with a range of features. Some may even play videos as well as display photographs. Owners can choose a digital photo frame that utilizes a WiFi connection or not, comes with cloud storage, and/or USB and SD card hub.

Picture frame
A picture frame is a protective and decorative edging for a picture, such as a painting or photograph. It makes displaying the work safer and easier and both sets the picture apart from its surroundings and aesthetically integrates it with them.
Dorado Needle
Dorado Needle is an 8,440+ ft (2,570+ m) mountain summit located in North Cascades National Park in Skagit County of Washington state. The peak lies 0.73 miles north of Eldorado Peak and 1.33 mi (2.14 km) southeast of Perdition Peak. It can be seen from  the North Cascades Highway west of Marblemount at a road pullout along the Skagit River. The first ascent of the peak was made in July 1940 by Lloyd Anderson, Karl Boyer, and Tom Gorton via the Northwest Ridge. Precipitation runoff and glacier meltwater from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Skagit River.

Skagit County, Washington
Skagit County /ˈskædʒɪt/ is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 129,523. The county seat and largest city is Mount Vernon. The county was formed in 1883 from the southern part of Whatcom County and is named for the Upper and Lower Skagit Indian tribes, which have been indigenous to the area prior to European-American settlement.

Skagit County comprises the Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is included in the Seattle-Tacoma, WA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Puget Sound region, and it is known for its strong agricultural sector and annual tulip festival.
Bill Richardson Transport World
Bill Richardson Transport World is a transport museum in Invercargill in Southland, New Zealand. The museum is a 15,000 square metres (160,000 sq ft) complex of vehicles and transport-related objects.  A highlight of the display is a rare 1940 Dodge Airflow truck. Bill Richardson Transport World also displays wearable arts and social history objects. It also has a construction zone for children, a library with a focus on transport and manuals, and an events and conference centre.  The facility includes a restaurant, The Grille Café. The museum is operated as a tourism venture by Transport World, an Invercargill-based business.

HWR Group
H. W. Richardson Group (HWR Group) is a New Zealand company that provides fuel distribution and retailing through its Allied Petroleum brand in New Zealand and its Petrogas brand in Victoria, Australia. It also owns companies in the concrete, transport, contracting, aggregate quarrying, and waste disposal sectors, operating predominantly in the South Island.

HWR Group is co-owned by Shona Richardson, Jocelyn O'Donnell and Scott O'Donnell, members of the Richardson family who founded it. It is one of the largest family-owned businesses in New Zealand. The family regularly features in the New Zealand Rich List, being valued at $250 million in 2011, $295 million in 2017, and $320 million in 2018.

The company's flagship brand, Allied, is used for fuel distribution, fuel retailing, transport, aggregate, concrete and waste disposal operations. It distributes 20% of New Zealand's fuel. It turns over $3 billion annually and employs 2700 staff.
MasterChef Junior (American TV series) season 4
The fourth season of the American competitive reality television series MasterChef Junior premiered on Fox on November 6, 2015, and concluded on January 29, 2016. Gordon Ramsay and Graham Elliot returned as judges. Christina Tosi replaced Joe Bastianich as the third judge.

The winner was Addison Osta Smith, a 9-year-old from River Forest, Illinois, with Avery Kyle from Baton Rouge, Louisiana being the runner-up.

MasterChef Junior (American TV series)
MasterChef Junior is an American cooking competition involving children from the ages of 8–13 that aired on Fox from September 27, 2013 to May 20, 2024. It is based on the format of the British series Junior MasterChef.

A ninth season was aired March–May 2024, with Gordon Ramsay, Aarón Sánchez, and Daphne Oz as returning judges, along with new judge Tilly Ramsay.
Parastichy
Parastichy, in phyllotaxy, is the spiral pattern of particular plant organs on some plants, such as areoles on cacti stems, florets in sunflower heads and scales in pine cones.  These spirals involve the insertion of a single primordium.

Primordium
A primordium (/praɪˈmɔːrdiəm/; pl.: primordia; synonym: anlage), in embryology, is an organ or tissue in its earliest recognizable stage of development. Cells of the primordium are called primordial cells. A primordium is the simplest set of cells capable of triggering growth of the would-be organ and the initial foundation from which an organ is able to grow. In flowering plants, a floral primordium gives rise to a flower.

Although it is a frequently used term in plant biology, the word is used in describing the biology of all multicellular organisms (for example: a tooth primordium in animals, a leaf primordium in plants or a sporophore primordium in fungi.)
Texas Department of Rural Affairs
The Texas Department of Rural Affairs (TDRA) was a state agency of Texas. Its headquarters were in Suite 220 in the Stephen F. Austin State Office Building in Austin. The department began as the Office of Community Rule Affairs (ORCA) in 2001 to assist rural communities, and was renamed in 2009.

In 2011, the agency was closed and absorbed by the Texas Department of Agriculture.

Texas Department of Agriculture
The Texas Department of Agriculture (TDA) is a state agency within the state of Texas, which is responsible for matters pertaining to agriculture, rural community affairs, and related matters. It is currently headed by Agriculture Commissioner Sid Miller, a Republican, who was reelected to a 3rd term in 2022. There are multiple divisions in the Texas Department of Agriculture.
Financial technology
Financial technology (abbreviated as fintech) refers to the application of innovative technologies to products and services in the financial industry. This broad term encompasses a wide array of technological advances in financial services, including mobile banking, online lending platforms, digital payment systems, robo-advisors, and blockchain-based applications such as cryptocurrencies. Financial technology companies include both startups and established technology and financial firms that aim to improve, complement, or replace traditional financial services.

Automated clearing house
An automated clearing house (ACH) is a computer-based electronic network for processing transactions, usually domestic low value payments, between participating financial institutions. It may support both credit transfers and direct debits. The ACH system is designed to process batches of payments containing numerous transactions, and it charges fees low enough to encourage its use for low-value payments.
Aulus Vicirius Martialis
Aulus Vicirius Martialis was a Roman senator active during the reign of Trajan. He was suffect consul for the nundinium July-August 98 with Lucius Maecius Postumus as his colleague. Martialis is known only through surviving inscriptions.

Ronald Syme speculated that his gentilicium indicated an origin in either Erutria or Campania, noting a number of Vicirii attested in inscriptions from those parts of Italy. Martialis was the son of an Aulus Vicirius A.f. Proculus, attested as a military tribune of Legio IV Scythica and flamen Augusti during the reign of Claudius, and interred at Siena. Martialis is known to have had a brother, Aulus Vicirius Proculus, suffect consul in the year 89.

Martialis is known to have held only one office, as proconsular governor of Asia in 113/114. It had been thought at one time his brother Proculus instead had been proconsul, but R. Merkelbach has clearly shown Martialis was the governor.

Nundinium
Nundinium was a Latin word derived from the word nundinum, which referred to the cycle of days observed by the Romans. During the Roman Empire, nundinium came to mean the duration of a single consulship among several in a calendar year.