hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vacuum exercise
The vacuum exercise is an exercise which involves contracting some internal abdominal muscles, primarily the transverse abdominal muscle, and not as much the diaphragm.

Repetitions of the exercise may be used as a form of aerobic exercise, and light strength training. There is difficulty building strength in the muscle, as it is not easy to apply resistance training to the deeper internal muscles.

Exercise
Exercise or working out is physical activity that enhances or maintains fitness and overall health. It is performed for various reasons, including weight loss or maintenance, to aid growth and improve strength, develop muscles and the cardiovascular system, hone athletic skills, improve health, or simply for enjoyment. Many people choose to exercise outdoors where they can congregate in groups, socialize, and improve well-being as well as mental health.

In terms of health benefits, usually, 150 minutes (2 hours and 30 minutes) of moderate-intensity exercise per week is recommended for reducing the risk of health problems. At the same time, even doing a small amount of exercise is healthier than doing none. For people who currently get the smallest amount of physical activity, adding just two or three minutes per day of moderate physical activity could reduce the risk of premature death by 10%.
1991 IX ACB International Tournament "VIII Memorial Héctor Quiroga"
The 1991 ACB International Tournament (9th Edition)- "8th Memorial Héctor Quiroga" was the 9th semi-official edition of the European Basketball Club Super Cup. It took place at Pabellón Municipal de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, Spain, on 6, 7 and 8 September 1991 with the participation of Slobodna Dalmacija (champions of the 1990–91 FIBA European Champions Cup), FC Barcelona Banca Catalana (runners-up of the 1990–91 FIBA European Champions Cup), Montigalà Joventut (champions of the 1990–91 Liga ACB) and Maccabi Elite Tel Aviv (champions of the 1990–91 Premier League).

European Basketball Club Super Cup
The European Super Cup was a semi-official professional men's basketball club tournament that was held by ACB, and FIBA on one occasion. It took place between 1983 and 1991. It was played between the winners of the European-wide top-tier level league, the FIBA European Champions Cup (now called EuroLeague), and the winners of the European-wide secondary level league, the FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup (later called FIBA Saporta Cup) and various guests, usually the Spanish champions. The only official tournaments organised by FIBA were in 1986 and 1989.
Steinemann Island
Steinemann Island (66°52′S 67°55′W﻿ / ﻿66.867°S 67.917°W﻿ / -66.867; -67.917) is an island off the northeast coast of Adelaide Island, about 10 nautical miles (18 km) southwest of Mount Velain. Mapped from air photos taken by Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE) (1947–48) and Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) (1956–57). Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Samuel Steinemann, Swiss physicist who has made laboratory investigations on the flow of single and polycrystalline ice.

Adelaide Island
Adelaide Island is a large, mainly ice-covered island, 139 kilometres (75 nmi) long and 37 kilometres (20 nmi) wide, lying at the north side of Marguerite Bay off the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. The Ginger Islands lie off the southern end. Mount Bodys is the easternmost mountain on Adelaide Island, rising to over 1,220 m. The island lies within the Argentine, British and Chilean Antarctic claims.
2016 UK Open
The 2016 Coral UK Open was a darts tournament staged by the Professional Darts Corporation. It was the fourteenth year of the tournament where, following numerous regional qualifying heats throughout Britain, players competing in a single elimination tournament to be crowned champion. The tournament was held for the third time at the Butlin's Resort in Minehead, England, between 4–6 March 2016, and has the nickname, "the FA Cup of darts" as a random draw will be staged after each round until the final.

In a repeat of last year's final, Michael van Gerwen beat Peter Wright to retain his title. During the tournament, he also hit a nine-dart finish against the then-unknown Rob Cross in the fourth round. Either side of that leg, he hit a 170 checkout, which also included a run of 19 perfect darts (treble 19, 2x treble 20, treble 19, 170 checkout (2x treble 20, bull), 9-dart leg (7x treble 20, treble 19, double 12), 2x treble 20, treble 19).

Butlin's Minehead
Butlins Resort Minehead is a holiday camp operated by Butlins, located in Minehead in Somerset, England. It opened in 1962 and remains in use today. It was known as Butlin's Minehead until 1987, and as Somerwest World from then until 1999, when it reopened as Butlins Minehead Resort.
N with oblique stroke
Ꞥ (lowercase ꞥ) is a letter derived from the combination of the Latin letter N and a stroke diacritic. Until 1921, it was used in Latvian orthography to represent the hard palatal nasal /ɲ/. It was replaced by Ņ (N with a cedilla).

Latvian orthography
The modern Latvian orthography is based on Latin script adapted to phonetic principles, following the pronunciation of the language. The standard alphabet consists of 33 letters – 22 unmodified Latin letters and 11 modified by diacritics. It was developed by the Knowledge Commission of the Riga Latvian Association in 1908, and was approved the same year by the orthography commission under the leadership of Kārlis Mīlenbahs and Jānis Endzelīns. It was introduced by law from 1920 to 1922 in the Republic of Latvia.

Latvian orthography historically used a system based upon German phonetic principles, while the Latgalian dialect was written using Polish orthographic principles.
Giustino (Handel)
Giustino ("Justin", HWV 37) is an opera seria in three acts by George Frideric Handel. The opera was first given at the Covent Garden Theatre in London on 16 February 1737. The Italian-language libretto was adapted from Charles VI's court poet Pietro Pariati's libretto for Giustino (1711), after the much older original libretto of Nicolò Beregan (1682). The libretto had already been adapted by many composers including Vivaldi's Giustino of 1724 and Tomaso Albinoni's lost opera of 1711.

Giustino (Vivaldi)
Il Giustino RV 717 is a 1724 opera by Vivaldi set to a libretto by Nicolò Beregan, originally used for the 1683 opera of the same name by Giovanni Legrenzi, and also later set by Albinoni and Handel. The opera was composed for the 1724 carnival season in Rome and premiered at the Teatro Capranica.
Vegetation-induced sedimentary structures
Vegetation-induced sedimentary structures (VISS) are primary sedimentary structures formed by the interaction of detrital sediment with in situ plants.  VISS provide physical evidence of vegetation's fundamental role in mediating sediment accumulation and erosion in clastic depositional environments. VISS can be broken into seven types, five being hydrodynamic and two being decay-related. The simple hydrodynamic VISS are categorized by centroclinal cross strata, scratch semicircles and upturned beds. The complex hydrodynamic VISS are categorized by coalesced scour fills and scour-and-mound beds.  The decay-related VISS are categorized by mudstone-filled hollows and downturned beds.

Stratum
In geology and related fields, a stratum (pl.: strata) is a layer of rock or sediment characterized by certain lithologic properties or attributes that distinguish it from adjacent layers from which it is separated by visible surfaces known as either bedding surfaces or bedding planes. Prior to the publication of the International Stratigraphic Guide, older publications have defined a stratum as being either equivalent to a single bed or composed of a number of beds; as a layer greater than 1 cm in thickness and constituting a part of a bed; or a general term that includes both bed and lamina. Related terms are substrate and substratum (pl.substrata), a stratum underlying another stratum.
Dot (command)
In a Unix shell, the full stop called the dot command (.) is a command that evaluates commands in a computer file in the current execution context. In the C shell, a similar functionality is provided as the source command, and this name is seen in "extended" POSIX shells as well.

The dot command is not to be confused with a dot file, which is a dot-prefixed hidden file or hidden directory. Nor is it to be confused with the ./scriptfile notation for running commands, which is simply a relative path pointing to the current directory (notated in Unix as a '.' character, and typically outside of the Path variable).

Environment variable
An environment variable is a user-definable value that can affect the way running processes will behave on a computer. Environment variables are part of the environment in which a process runs. For example, a running process can query the value of the TEMP environment variable to discover a suitable location to store temporary files, or the HOME or USERPROFILE variable to find the directory structure owned by the user running the process.

They were introduced in their modern form in 1979 with Version 7 Unix, so are included in all Unix operating system flavors and variants from that point onward including Linux and macOS. From PC DOS 2.0 in 1982, all succeeding Microsoft operating systems, including Microsoft Windows, and OS/2 also have included them as a feature, although with somewhat different syntax, usage and standard variable names.
Jacobus Johannes Venter
Jacobus Johannes Venter (1814–1889) was a South African (Boer) statesman. He was a member of the Volksraad of the Orange Free State, chairman of the Joint Commission for Administering the Government in 1855 and served as Acting State President in 1859 – 1860 and again in 1863 – 1864.

Five towns in South Africa were named after the Venter clan: Ventersdorp, Venterstad, Venterspos, Ventersburg and Ventershoop.

State President of the Orange Free State
The state president of the Orange Free State had the executive authority in the Orange Free State. By the constitution of 1854, the president was elected by the Burghers, from a list of candidates nominated by the Volksraad for a term of five years. There was no limit on the number of re-elections.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1612
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1612, adopted unanimously on 26 July 2005, after recalling resolutions 1261 (1999), 1308 (2000), 1314 (2000), 1325 (2000), 1379 (2001), 1460 (2003) and 1539 (2004), the council established a monitoring and reporting mechanism on the use of child soldiers.

More than 50 governments and rebel groups would be monitored after the passing of the resolution.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1379
United Nations Security Council resolution 1379, adopted unanimously on 20 November 2001, after recalling resolutions 1261 (1999), 1265 (1999), 1296 (2000), 1306 (2000), 1308 (2000), 1314 (2000) and 1325 (2000), the Council considered provisions to protect children during peacekeeping operations and requested the Secretary-General to identify parties to conflict that used or recruited child soldiers.

Prior to the adoption of Resolution 1379, the first child to speak at the Security Council, a former soldier in Sierra Leone, urged the body to do everything possible to assist young people forced to fight in situations of armed conflict around the world.
Autumn Royal
Autumn Royal is a seedless table grape variety first produced in California, and released in 1996. Its parentage includes many types of grapes, including Black rose, Calmeria, Flame Seedless and Ribier.

Flame Seedless
The Flame Seedless (Vitis vinifera) is a vigorous, heavy-bearing table grape cultivar that keeps well in storage. It is a hybrid of Thompson Seedless, Cardinal, and several other Vitis vinifera cultivars. It produces large clusters of medium-large red grapes with a sweet flavor.

Flame Seedless requires a long growing season. Thus, the plants fare poorly in cool, damp zones. However, its good qualities, especially seedlessness, sweetness, and long shelf life, make it one of the most heavily farmed table grapes.

The Flame Seedless was brought to the United States by John J. Kovacevich of Arvin, California, in 1973. For a Flame Seedless to be called good-quality, it must be plump, well-colored, and firmly attached to the stem. The grapes are usually picked ripe, as they do not ripen after harvest.
National Route 106 (Costa Rica)
National Secondary Route 106, or just Route 106 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional Secundaria 106, or Ruta 106) is a National Road Route of Costa Rica, located in the Heredia province. Is a parallel road north to a segment of Route 1.

National Route 1 (Costa Rica)
National Primary Route 1, formally known as Carretera Interamericana Norte (North Interamerican Road), is the northern segment of the Pan-American Highway (locally in Central America known as the Inter-American Highway) that traverses Costa Rica.
Omai (deity)
Omai is a creator deity (god) mentioned by Davi Kopenawa Yanomami, a shaman and Portuguese-speaking spokesperson of the Yanomami índios of Brazil.

In his own words translated from Portuguese:

I want to speak giving the message from Omai. Omai is the creator of the Yanomami who also has created all the shaboris that are the shamans. The shaboris are the ones that have the knowledge, and they sent two of us to deliver their message.

As Davi Kopenawa learned Portuguese from a Christian mission run by New Tribes Mission, an American evangelical organization specializing in the proselytization of isolated peoples, it may be that Omai is regarded as synonymous with God the Father as revered in Christian belief via syncretism.

God the Father
God the Father is a title given to God in Christianity. In mainstream trinitarian Christianity, God the Father is regarded as the First Person of the Trinity, followed by the Second Person, Jesus Christ the Son, and the Third Person, the Holy Spirit. Since the second century, Christian creeds included affirmation of belief in "God the Father (Almighty)", primarily in his capacity as "Father and creator of the universe".

Christians take the concept of God as the father of Jesus Christ metaphysically further than the concept of God as the creator and father of all people, as indicated in the Apostles' Creed where the expression of belief in the "Father almighty, creator of heaven and earth" is immediately, but separately, followed by "and in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord", thus expressing both senses of fatherhood.
Régua Dam
Régua Dam (Portuguese: Barragem da Régua) is a concrete gravity dam on the Douro, where the river forms the border line between the districts of Vila Real and Viseu. It is located in the municipality Peso da Régua, in Vila Real District, Portugal.

Construction of the dam began in 1965. The dam was completed in 1973. It is owned by Companhia Portuguesa de Produção de Electricidade (CPPE).

Gravity dam
A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and designed to hold back water by using only the weight of the material and its resistance against the foundation. Gravity dams are designed so that each section of the dam is stable and independent of any other dam section. (In contrast, sections of an arch dam are not independently stable, and instead rely on transmitting force through neighboring sections to the abutments, often anchored into canyon walls.)
Nodo (drum)
Nodo (Korean: 노도; Hanja: 路鼗) is an instrument in Korean traditional music. It is a set of two small drums on a pole. To play the nodo, the pole is twisted, which causes the leather strap attached to the ring of the drum to hit the drum and make a sound. It is used in Korean ritual and court music. The nogo, which is similar to the Nodo, has two larger drums and is used in the same ceremonies.

It is effectively a four-sided drum and is used for ancestral rites.

Traditional music of Korea
Korea has produced music (Korean: 음악; Hanja: 音樂; RR: eumak; MR: ŭmak) for thousands of years, into the modern day. After the division of Korea in 1945, both North and South Korea have produced their own styles of music.

Traditional music (국악; 國樂; gugak; lit. national music) produced by Korea includes court music, folk music, poetic songs, and religious music used in shamanistic and Buddhist traditions.

Modern music includes K-pop (케이팝; keipap), the popular music of South Korea. North Korea also produces its own popular music, as well as music that's inspired by traditional music.
Drino Valley
The Drino valley (Albanian: Lugina e Drinos, Greek: Κοιλάδα Δρίνου) is a valley in southern Albania and northwestern Greece along the Drino river.

Drino valley contains several monasteries, the most important of which dedicated to Saints Quiricus and Julietta.

Drino
The Drino or Drinos (Albanian: Drino, Greek: Δρίνος) is a river in southern Albania and northwestern Greece, and a tributary of the Vjosë. Its source is in the northwestern part of the Ioannina regional unit, near the village Delvinaki. The 84.6 km (52.6 mi) long Drino flows initially southwest, then northwest and crosses the Albanian border near Ktismata. It continues northwest through Gjirokastër and flows into the Vjosë near Tepelenë.
Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet
The Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet is a school of classical ballet in St Petersburg, Russia. Established in 1738 during the reign of Empress Anna, the academy was known as the Imperial Ballet School until the Soviet era, when, after a brief hiatus, the school was re-established as the Leningrad State Choreographic Institute. In 1957, the school was renamed in honor of the pedagogue Agrippina Vaganova, who cultivated the method of classical ballet training that has been taught there since the late 1920s. Many of the world's leading ballet schools have adopted elements of the Vaganova method into their own training.

The Vaganova Academy is the associate school of the Mariinsky Ballet, one of the world's leading ballet companies. Students of the school have found employment with ballet and contemporary companies worldwide, such as the Bolshoi Ballet, The Royal Ballet, American Ballet Theatre and the Mikhailovsky Ballet.

Mikhailovsky Theatre
The Mikhailovsky Theatre (Russian: Миха́йловский теа́тр) is one of Russia's oldest opera and ballet houses. It was founded in 1833 and occupies a Brulleau-designed building on 1, Arts Square in Saint Petersburg. It is named after Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of Russia. Since 1989, it has borne the Modest Mussorgsky name. Since 1991 it has officially been named The St Petersburg Mussorgsky State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre—Mikhailovsky Theatre.
Metabetaeus lapillicola
Metabetaeus lapillicola is a species of alpheid shrimp native to Japan. It is one of four known species within the genus Metabetaeus. The species has been recorded living on beaches within Shizuoka and Mie Prefectures in Honshu, Japan.

Metabetaeus
Metabetaeus is a genus of shrimp in the family Alpheidae, comprising four species:

Metabetaeus lapillicola Yamashita, Komai & Kon, 2023

Metabetaeus lohena Banner & Banner, 1960

Metabetaeus mcphersonae Anker, 2010

Metabetaeus minutus (Whitelegge, 1897)
2017 Drivin' for Linemen 200
The 2017 Drivin' for Linemen 200 was the eighth stock car race of the 2017 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series and the fourth iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, June 17, 2017, in Madison, Illinois at Gateway Motorsports Park, a 1.25 miles (2.01 km) permanent oval-shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 160 laps to complete. At race's end, John Hunter Nemechek, driving for NEMCO Motorsports, would hold off the field on the final restart with four to go to win his fourth career NASCAR Camping World Truck Series win and his first of the season. To fill out the podium, Chase Briscoe of Brad Keselowski Racing and Johnny Sauter of GMS Racing would finish second and third, respectively.

NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series at Gateway Motorsports Park
The Toyota 200 was a NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series race at World Wide Technology Raceway at Gateway (formerly Gateway Motorsports Park). The race has been held each year since 1998 except for 2011, 2012 and 2013. The track closed after the 2010 race, reopened in 2012 under new ownership, and the race returned to the schedule in 2014.
Sūkōdō
The Sūkōdō (崇広堂) was a Han school of Tsu Domain under the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate. It was located in the Marunouchi neighborhood of the city of Iga in the Kansai region of Japan. The school was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1930, with the area under protection expanded in 1994.

Iga, Mie
Iga (伊賀市, Iga-shi) is a city located in Mie Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 August 2021, the city had an estimated population of 88,895 in 40,620 households and a population density of 160 persons per km². The total area of the city is 558.23 square kilometres (215.53 sq mi).
Talang 2019
Talang 2019 was the ninth season of Swedish Talang and was broadcast on TV4 between 11 January 2019 and 15 March 2019. Presenters for this season are Pär Lernström along with Samir Badran, the jury consists of Alexander Bard, David Batra, Bianca Ingrosso and LaGaylia Frazier. Winner of this season what singer Micke Holm.

Talang (Swedish TV series)
Talang, formerly named Talang Sverige (pronounced [taˈlaŋː ˈsvæ̌rjɛ]; lit. 'Talent Sweden') in 2014, is the Swedish version of the Got Talent series show where singers, dancers, comedians, variety acts and other performers compete against each other for audience support and the prize money (1 million SEK in 2007 and 2014; 500,000 SEK between 2008 and 2011 and since 2017).
6-APA
6-APA ((+)-6-aminopenicillanic acid) is an organic compound that is used in the synthesis of β–lactam antibiotics including amoxicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, and carbenicillin. The major commercial source of 6-APA is natural penicillin G, which contains an N-phenylacetyl substituent.

The semi-synthetic penicillins derived from 6-APA are also referred to as penicillins and are considered part of the penicillin family of antibiotics.

Β-Lactam antibiotic
β-Lactam antibiotics (beta-lactam antibiotics) are antibiotics that contain a β-lactam ring in their chemical
structure. This includes penicillin derivatives (penams), cephalosporins and cephamycins (cephems), monobactams, carbapenems and carbacephems. Most β-lactam antibiotics work by inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis in the bacterial organism and are the most widely used group of antibiotics. Until 2003, when measured by sales, more than half of all commercially available antibiotics in use were β-lactam compounds. The first β-lactam antibiotic discovered, penicillin, was isolated from a strain of Penicillium rubens (named as Penicillium notatum at the time).

Bacteria often develop resistance to β-lactam antibiotics by synthesizing a β-lactamase, an enzyme that attacks the β-lactam ring. To overcome this resistance, β-lactam antibiotics can be given with β-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid.
Drug nomenclature
Drug nomenclature is the systematic naming of drugs, especially pharmaceutical drugs. In most circumstances, drugs have 3 types of names: chemical names, the most important of which is the IUPAC name; generic or nonproprietary names, the most important of which are international nonproprietary names (INNs); and trade names, which are brand names. Under the INN system, generic names for drugs are constructed out of affixes and stems that classify the drugs into useful categories while keeping related names distinguishable. A marketed drug might also have a company code or compound code.

British Approved Name
A British Approved Name (BAN) is the official, non-proprietary, or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as defined in the British Pharmacopoeia (BP). The BAN is also the official name used in some countries around the world, because starting in 1953, proposed new names were evaluated by a panel of experts from WHO in conjunction with the BP commission  to ensure naming consistency worldwide (an effort leading to the International Nonproprietary Name system). There is also a British Approved Name (Modified) (BANM).