hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Beach Soccer League
The National Beach Soccer League (NBSL) is an American organization dedicated to the development and promotion of beach soccer for men, women, and youth across the United States. The NBSL organizes tournaments, clinics, camps, and training programs to foster talent and grow the sport’s popularity.

United States men's national beach soccer team
The United States men's national beach soccer team represents the United States in international beach soccer competitions and is controlled by the USSF, the governing body for soccer in the United States. The national team competes in multiple events, including the Acapulco Beach Soccer Cup, the El Salvador Beach Soccer Cup, the Mundialito, the CONCACAF Beach Soccer Championship, which also serves as the qualifying tournament for the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup. USA has been fairly successful, commonly falling in the top 3 positions of the CONCACAF championship, and is also ranked first in the CONCACAF Beach Soccer Championship Ranking.

The U.S. Men's National Beach Soccer Team has been around since the sport was officially considered a professional international sport, having the first event hosted in Miami.

The national team also is very active in the sport, playing in many competitions and tournaments very often.
Hashemite–Umayyad rivalry
The Hashemite–Umayyad rivalry was a feud between the clans of Banu Hashim and Umayyad dynasty, both belonging to the Meccan Arab tribe of Quraysh, in the 7th and 8th centuries. The rivalry is important as it influenced key events in the course of early Islamic history.

Abd Manaf ibn Qusai
Abd Manaf al-Mughirah ibn Qusai (Arabic: عبد مناف ٱلمغيرة بن قصي, ʿAbd Manāf al-Mughīrah ibn Quṣayy) was a Qurayshi and great-great-grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. His father was Quṣai ibn Kilāb.

Abd Manaf's name, meaning slave of Manaf, relates to the pre-Islamic deity Manaf.
Cat training
Cat training is the process of modifying a domestic cat's behavior for entertainment or companionship purposes. Training is commonly used to reduce unwanted or problematic behaviors in domestic cats, to enhance interactions between humans and pet cats, and to allow them to coexist comfortably. There are various methods for training cats which employ different balances between reward and punishment.

Cat behaviorist
Cat behaviorists are individuals who specialize in working in close environments with not only the cats, but their owners, and dealing with managing the behavior of the cat. A cat behaviorist can be certified or certificated after years of academic study and practical case experience. However, it is also possible for a behaviorist to work locally without completing extensive training.
Ivar Antonsen
Ivar Antonsen (born April 16, 1946, in Fauske Municipality, Norway) is a Norwegian jazz pianist and composer and had his debut at the Oslo jazz scene in 1967 together with Jan Garbarek, Palle Mikkelborg, Arild Andersen, and Espen Rud.

Jan Garbarek
Jan Garbarek (Norwegian pronunciation: [jɑːn ɡɑɾˈbɑ̀ːɾək]) (born 4 March 1947) is a Norwegian jazz saxophonist, who is also active in classical music and world music.

Garbarek was born in Mysen, Østfold, southeastern Norway, the only child of a former Polish prisoner of war, Czesław Garbarek, and a Norwegian woman, Kari Nordbø. He grew up in Oslo, stateless until the age of seven, as there was no automatic grant of citizenship in Norway at the time. When he was 21, he married the author Vigdis Garbarek. He is the father of musician and composer Anja Garbarek.
1986 Norwegian Second Division
The 1986 2. divisjon was a Norway's second-tier football league season.

The league was contested by 24 teams, divided into two groups; A and B. The winners of group A and B were promoted to the 1987 1. divisjon. The second placed teams met the 10th position finisher in the 1. divisjon in a qualification round where the winner was promoted to 1. divisjon. The bottom three teams inn both groups were relegated to the 3. divisjon.

Moss won group A with 35 points and Brann won group B with 35 points. Both teams promoted to the 1987 1. divisjon. The second-placed teams, Drøbak/Frogn and Vidar met Tromsø  in the promotion play-offs. Tromsø won the qualification and remained in the 1. divisjon.

1986 Norwegian First Division
The 1986 1. divisjon was the 42nd completed season of top division football in Norway. The season began on 27 April 1986 and ended on 19 October 1986.

22 games were played with 2 points given for wins and 1 for draws. Number eleven and twelve were relegated. The winners of the two groups of the 2. divisjon were promoted, as well as the winner of a series of play-off matches between the two second-placed teams in the two groups of the 2. divisjon and number ten in the 1. divisjon.

Lillestrøm SK won the league, after a slow start but later 11 consecutive wins. It was Lillestrøm's fourth title. Viking and Strømmen were relegated to the 2. divisjon. The league had low attendances this year.
August Derleth Award
The August Derleth Award is one of the British Fantasy Awards bestowed annually by the British Fantasy Society.  The award is named after the American writer and editor August Derleth. It was inaugurated in 1972 for the best novel of the year, was not awarded in 2011, and was resumed in 2012 for the best horror novel of the year.

Paul Tremblay
Paul Gaetan Tremblay (born June 30, 1971) is an American author and editor of horror, dark fantasy, and science fiction. His most widely known novels include A Head Full of Ghosts, The Cabin at the End of the World, and Survivor Song. He has won multiple Bram Stoker Awards and is a juror for the Shirley Jackson Awards.
Metre sea water
The metre (or meter) sea water (msw) is a metric unit of pressure used in underwater diving. It is defined as one tenth of a bar. or as 1 msw = 10.0381 kPa according to EN 13319.

The unit used in the US is the foot sea water (fsw), based on standard gravity and a sea-water density of 64 lb/ft3. According to the US Navy Diving Manual, one fsw equals 0.30643 msw, 0.030643 bar, or 0.44444 psi, though elsewhere it states that 33 fsw is 14.7 psi (one atmosphere), which gives one fsw equal to about 0.445 psi.

The msw and fsw are the conventional units for measurement of diver pressure exposure used in decompression tables and the unit of calibration for pneumofathometers and hyperbaric chamber pressure gauges.

Torr
The torr (symbol: Torr) is a unit of pressure based on an absolute scale, defined as exactly ⁠1/760⁠ of a standard atmosphere (101325 Pa).  Thus one torr is exactly ⁠101325/760⁠ pascals (≈ 133.32 Pa).

Historically, one torr was intended to be the same as one "millimetre of mercury", but subsequent redefinitions of the two units made the torr marginally lower (by less than 0.000015%).

The torr is not part of the International System of Units (SI). Even so, it is often combined with the metric prefix milli to name one millitorr (mTorr), equal to 0.001 Torr.

The unit was named after Evangelista Torricelli, an Italian physicist and mathematician who discovered the principle of the barometer in 1644.
Astore (city)
Astore (Urdu: استور) is the main city of Astore District in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The city is situated at an altitude of 2,546 metres (8,353 ft).

The major Astore–Burzul Road, which linked Gilgit (in Pakistani-administered Kashmir) to Srinagar (in Indian-administered Kashmir) was indefinitely closed in 1978 following the development of the China–Pakistan Karakoram Highway.

Astore District
Astore District (Urdu: ضلع استور) is a district of Pakistan-administered Gilgit-Baltistan in the disputed Kashmir region. It is one of the 14 districts of the Pakistani-administered territory of Gilgit−Baltistan. Its administrative headquarters are located at Eidgah in the Astore Valley.

Astore District is bounded by Gilgit District to the north, Roundu District to the northeast, Skardu District to the east, Kharmang District to the southeast, Diamer District to the west, the Neelum District of Azad Jammu and Kashmir to the southwest, and the Bandipore District of Indian-administered disputed Kashmir region to the south.
John Linn (Royal Engineer)
John Linn was a British Royal Engineer. He was born in Corstorphine and joined the Army in 1846. Two years later he moved to Halifax, Nova Scotia where he was stationed for 9 years. He later settled in British Columbia in 1859. He died on 18 April 1876 from a paralytic stroke. North Vancouver's Lynn Valley is named after him.

North Vancouver (district municipality)
The District of North Vancouver is a district municipality in British Columbia, Canada, situated north of the city of Vancouver across the Burrard Inlet. It surrounds the respective City of North Vancouver on three sides, and the remaining fellow North Shore municipality of West Vancouver on the other, and is part of the Metro Vancouver Regional District.

It is largely characterized as a relatively quiet, affluent suburban hub home to many middle and upper-middle-class families. Homes in the District of North Vancouver generally range from mid-sized family bungalows to very large luxury houses. A number of dense multi-family and mixed-use developments have popped up across the district in recent years; however, the district remains a primarily suburban municipality. It is served by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, British Columbia Ambulance Service, and the District of North Vancouver Fire Department.
Karl Maria Kertbeny
Karl Maria Kertbeny, born German: Karl Maria Benkert, German: [ˈbɛŋkɐt]; also Hungarian: Kertbeny Károly, Kertbeny Károly Mária, (eredetileg) Benkert Károly Mária; 28 February 1824 – 23 January 1882) was an Austrian-born Hungarian journalist, translator, memoirist and human rights campaigner. Kertbeny coined the words heterosexual and homosexual as the German nouns Heterosexualität and Homosexualität.

He translated works by Hungarian poets and writers Sándor Petőfi, János Arany and Mór Jókai into German. Among his acquaintances were Heinrich Heine, George Sand, Alfred de Musset, Hans Christian Andersen, Karl Marx, and the Brothers Grimm.

Sándor Petőfi
Sándor Petőfi (Hungarian: Petőfi Sándor [ˈpɛtøːfi ˈʃaːndor] ⓘ; né Petrovics; Slovak: Alexander Petrovič; Serbian: Александар Петровић; 1 January 1823 – most likely 31 July 1849) was a Hungarian poet and liberal revolutionary. He is considered Hungary's national poet, and was one of the key figures of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. He is the author of the Nemzeti dal (National Song), which is said to have inspired the revolution in the Kingdom of Hungary that grew into a war for independence from the Austrian Empire. It is most likely, albeit unknown, that he died in the Battle of Segesvár, one of the last battles of the war.
Zan Yuen
Zan Yuen (《苍原》cāngyuán "boundless grasslands") is a 1995 Chinese-language western-style opera (中国当代歌剧). The plot concerns a Mongolian tribe (Torghuts) returning from the Nogai steppe to China during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor in the Qing dynasty.

The music was composed by Xu Zhanhai (徐占海; born 1945), of the Shenyang Music Institute and Liaoning Opera, based on the plot of a radio drama series Run to the place where the sun rises (《奔向太阳升起的地方》) by screenwriter Yan Derong (阎德荣 born 1936). A DVD was recorded by the Liaoning Opera in 1996 featuring tenor Wei Song. The opera in its plot subject, music and choruses bears traces of the traditional "revolutionary" Chinese modern opera style.

Torghut
The Torghut (Mongolian: Торгууд, ᠲᠤᠷᠭᠣᠣᠠ, Torguud, "Guardsman", simplified Chinese: 土尔扈特; traditional Chinese: 土爾扈特) are one of the four major subgroups of the Four Oirats. The Torghut nobles traced their descent to the Mongol Keraite ruler Toghrul, and many Torghuts descended from the Keraites. They are scattered in the provinces of Xinjiang (China), Kalmykia (Russia) and Khovd (Mongolia).
Shoulder examination
A shoulder examination (or shoulder exam) is a portion of a physical examination used to identify potential pathology involving the shoulder. It should be conducted with both shoulders exposed to assess for asymmetry and muscle wasting.

Shoulder impingement syndrome
Shoulder impingement syndrome is a syndrome involving tendonitis (inflammation of tendons) of the rotator cuff muscles as they pass through the subacromial space, the passage beneath the acromion. It is particularly associated with tendonitis of the supraspinatus muscle. This can result in pain, weakness, and loss of movement at the shoulder.
Euhagena palariformis
Euhagena palariformis is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is found in Turkey, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Iran, Iraq, Syria and Lebanon.

Adults are on wing in early summer.

The larvae probably feed on Eryngium species.

Sesiidae
The Sesiidae or clearwing moths are a diurnal moth family in the order Lepidoptera known for their Batesian mimicry in both appearance and behaviour of various Hymenoptera.

The family consists of 165 genera spread over two subfamilies, containing in total 1525 species and 49 subspecies, most of which occur in the tropics, though there are many species in the Holarctic region as well, including over a hundred species known to occur in Europe.: Backcover, 6
PARP inhibitor
PARP inhibitors are a class of drugs that are a group of pharmacological inhibitors of the enzyme poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), which plays a role in repairing DNA in damaged cells.

Medical uses of these drugs include the treatment of heritable cancers. Several forms of cancer are more dependent on PARP than regular cells, making PARP (PARP1, PARP2 etc.) an attractive target for cancer therapy. PARP inhibitors appear to improve progression-free survival in women with recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer, as evidenced mainly by olaparib added to conventional treatment.

In addition to their use in cancer therapy, PARP inhibitors are considered a potential treatment for acute life-threatening diseases, such as stroke and myocardial infarction, as well as for long-term neurodegenerative diseases.

Non-small-cell lung cancer
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), or non-small-cell lung carcinoma, is a type of epithelial lung cancer other than small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Non-small-cell lung cancer accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers. As a class, non-small-cell lung cancers are relatively insensitive to chemotherapy, compared to small-cell carcinoma. When possible, they are primarily treated by surgical resection with curative intent, although chemotherapy has been used increasingly both preoperatively (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and postoperatively (adjuvant chemotherapy).
Kijewo, Szczecin
Kijewo is a municipal neighbourhood of the city of Szczecin, Poland, situated on the right bank of the Oder River, east of the Szczecin Old Town and south-east of Szczecin-Dąbie. As of December 2019, it had a population of 3,515.

The area became part of the emerging Duchy of Poland under its first ruler Mieszko I around 967, and following Poland's fragmentation in 1138, it formed part of the Duchy of Pomerania. During the Thirty Years' War, the settlement fell to the Swedish Empire. From 1871, it was part of Germany until the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II in 1945 when the area was reintegrated back into Poland.

Old Town, Szczecin
Old Town (Polish: Stare Miasto; German: Altstadt), and the core of the historic old German port city of Stettin until 1950,  is a municipal neighborhood of the modern city of Szczecin, now in Poland, situated on the left bank of the Oder river. It is the oldest historical district in the city. As of March 2021 it had a population of 3,901.
Annexin A5
Annexin A5 (or annexin V) is a cellular protein in the annexin group.  In flow cytometry, annexin V is commonly used to detect apoptotic cells by its ability to bind to phosphatidylserine, a marker of apoptosis when it is on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. The function of the protein is unknown; however, annexin A5 has been proposed to play a role in the inhibition of blood coagulation by competing for phosphatidylserine binding sites with prothrombin and also to inhibit the activity of phospholipase A1. These properties have been found by in vitro experiments.

Phospholipase A1
Phospholipase A1 (EC 3.1.1.32; systematic name: phosphatidylcholine 1-acylhydrolase) encoded by the PLA1A gene is a phospholipase enzyme which removes the 1-acyl group:

phosphatidylcholine + H2O ⇌ 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate

It is an enzyme that resides in a class of enzymes called phospholipase that hydrolyze phospholipids into fatty acids.  There are four classes, separated according to the type of reaction they catalyze.  In particular, phospholipase A1 (PLA1) specifically catalyzes the cleavage at the sn-1 position of phospholipids, forming a fatty acid and a lysophospholipid.
Steve Loney
Steve Loney (born April 26, 1952) is an American former football coach who was the offensive line coach for the Pittsburgh Maulers of the United States Football League (USFL). He was the offensive line coach for the Minnesota Vikings from 2003 to 2005, the Arizona Cardinals in 2006, and the St. Louis Rams from 2008 to 2011. Additionally, his highest coaching assignment in the National Football League (NFL) was as the offensive coordinator of the Vikings in 2005 under head coach Mike Tice. He held the dual role of offensive coordinator and offensive line coach at his alma mater Iowa State University from 1995 to 1997 and 2000 to 2001, and at the University of Minnesota from 1998 to 1999.

Loney was the head football coach at Morehead State University from 1981 to 1983. He was the head football coach at Drake University for one season, in 2007, compiling a record of 6–5.

Loney  is the author of a book titled 101 Offensive Line Drills, a book focusing on offensive line drills.

Mike Tice
Michael Peter Tice (born February 2, 1959) is an American former professional football player and coach in the National Football League (NFL). He played in the NFL as a tight end. Tice played college football for the Maryland Terrapins and played 11 seasons in the NFL before spending 22 seasons as a coach, including four seasons as the Minnesota Vikings head coach.
Temperature gradient
A temperature gradient is a physical quantity that describes in which direction and at what rate the temperature changes the most rapidly around a particular location. The temperature spatial gradient is a vector quantity with dimension of temperature difference per unit length. The SI unit is kelvin per meter (K/m).

Temperature gradients in the atmosphere are important in the atmospheric sciences (meteorology, climatology and related fields).

Physical quantity
A physical quantity (or simply quantity) is a property of a material or system that can be quantified by measurement. A physical quantity can be expressed as a value, which is a pair of a numerical value and a unit of measurement. For example, the physical quantity mass, symbol m, can be quantified as m=n kg, where n is the numerical value and kg is the unit symbol (for kilogram). Vector quantities have, besides numerical value and unit, direction or orientation in space.
Horace Cleveland
Horace William Shaler Cleveland (December 16, 1814 – December 5, 1900) was an American landscape architect. His approach to natural landscape design can be seen in projects such as the Grand Rounds in Minneapolis; Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Concord, Massachusetts; the boulevard system in Omaha, Nebraska; Roger Williams Park in Providence, Rhode Island; and St. Anthony Park in Saint Paul, Minnesota.

Scenic route
A scenic route, tourist road, tourist drive, scenic byway, or holiday road is a specially designated road or waterway that travels through an area of natural or cultural beauty. It often passes by scenic viewpoints. The designation is usually determined by a governmental body, such as a Department of Transportation or a Ministry of Transport.
Frostie Root Beer
Frostie Root Beer is an American brand of root beer that was originally produced in 1939 by The Frostie Beverage Company of Catonsville, Maryland, owned by George Rackensperger. In 1971, Frostie Enterprises, as the parent company was known, purchased a competing rootbeer brand and drive-in chain, Stewart's Restaurants (sold in 1979).  Another expansion happened in 1974, when Frostie Enterprises purchased the Dog n Suds Root Beer Drive-in and brand.

At the end of 1979, the Frostie brand was sold to the Monarch Beverage Company of Atlanta, Georgia. After years of being under-promoted by Monarch in favor of Dad's Root Beer, the Frostie brand was sold in 2000 to Leading Edge Brands of Temple, Texas. In 2009, Leading Edge Brands sold the Frostie line of beverages to Intrastate Distributors Inc. of Detroit, Michigan.
As of 2014 it is now distributed by Excel Bottling Company of Breese, Illinois.

Dad's Root Beer
Dad's Root Beer is an American brand of root beer that was created in Chicago in 1937 by Ely Klapman and Barney Berns. It is currently owned by Hedinger Brands, LLC, and sold and marketed by the Dad's Root Beer Company LLC.
Polemon I of Pontus
Polemon I Pythodoros (Ancient Greek: Πολέμων Πυθόδωρος; fl. 1st century BC – 8 BC) was the Roman Client King of Cilicia, Pontus, Colchis and the Bosporan Kingdom.  Polemon was the son and heir of Zenon and possibly Tryphaena.  Zenon and Polemon adorned Laodicea with many dedicated offerings.

Trabzon
Trabzon is a city on the Black Sea coast of northeastern Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province. Historically known as Trebizond, the city was founded in 756 BC as Trapezous by Greek colonists from Miletus. It was added into the Achaemenid Empire by Cyrus the Great and was later part of the independent Kingdom of Pontus that challenged Rome until 68 BC. Thenceforth part of the Roman and later Byzantine Empire, the city was the capital of the Empire of Trebizond, one of the successor states of the Byzantine Empire after the Fourth Crusade in 1204. In 1461 it came under Ottoman rule.

During the early modern period, Trabzon, because of the importance of its port, again became a focal point of trade to Persia and the Caucasus. Today Trabzon is the second largest city and port on the Black Sea coast of Turkey with a population of almost 300,000. The urban population of the city is 330,836 (Ortahisar), with a metropolitan population of 822,270. Trabzon has 18 districts in total.
Segura de la Sierra
Segura de la Sierra is a small village in the province of Jaén, (Spain), that belongs to the region of Sierra de Segura in eastern Andalusia.

According to data provided by Spain's national statistics agency, Instituto Nacional de Estadística de España (INE), in 2005 there were  1,771 people living in the town, all them located in the Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas Natural Park that includes the following villages:

Cortijos Nuevos

El Ojuelo

Carrasco

La Alberquilla

El Robledo

Rihornos

Trujala

Arroyo frío

Río Madera and Arroyo Canales

Catena

El Tobazo

El Puerto

Jaén, Spain
Jaén (Spanish: [xaˈen] ⓘ) is a municipality of Spain and the capital of the province of Jaén, in the autonomous community of Andalusia.

The city of Jaén is the administrative and industrial centre for the province. Industrial establishments in the city include chemical works, tanneries, distilleries, cookie factories, textile factories, as well as agricultural and olive oil processing machinery industry.

The layout of Jaén is determined by its position on the foothills of the Cerro de Santa Catalina, with steep, narrow streets, in the historic core.

Its population is 112,757 (2020), about one-sixth of the population of the province. Jaén had an increase in cultural tourism in the mid-2010s, having received 604,523 tourists in 2015, 10% more than in 2014.