hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ballade No. 4 (Chopin)
The Ballade No. 4 in F minor, Op. 52 is a ballade for solo piano by Frédéric Chopin, completed in 1842 in Paris and published in 1843 with a dedication to Baroness Charlotte de Rothschild. Being his last published ballade, the piece is commonly considered one of the masterpieces of piano music.

Of the four ballades, it is considered by many pianists to be the most difficult, both technically and musically. It is also the longest, taking around ten to twelve minutes to perform. According to John Ogdon, it is "the most exalted, intense and sublimely powerful of all Chopin's compositions... It is unbelievable that it lasts only twelve minutes, for it contains the experience of a lifetime."

Fioritura
In music, fioritura (/fiˌɔːrɪˈtjʊərə/ fee-OR-i-TURE-ə, Italian: [fjoriˈtuːra], meaning "flourish" or "flowering"; plural fioriture) is the florid embellishment of melodic lines, either notated by a composer or improvised during a performance. It usually involves lengthy, complex embellishments, as opposed to standardized local ornamental figures such as trills, mordents, or appoggiaturas, and its use is documented as early as the thirteenth century. The alternative term coloratura is less accurate. It is closely related to the sixteenth-century practice of diminution or division.
Frederic Harton
Frederic Percy Harton AKC  (10 June 1889 – 3 November 1958) was an Anglican priest and author during the twentieth century. He was the husband of writer Sibyl Harton.

He trained for the priesthood at King's College, London (spending time at Bishop's College, Cheshunt); and ordained Deacon in  1913 and Priest in 1914. After curacies in Hornsey and Stroud Green he was Vicar of Ardeley from 1922 to 1926. He was at St Paul, Colombo from 1926 to 1927 then Warden of the Sisters of Charity, Knowle, Bristol. He was then Vicar of Baulking from 1936 to 1951.

Later he served as Dean of Wells (1951–1958). He is known essentially for a frequently republished guide to the spiritual life addressed to an Anglican readership but drawing significantly on seventeenth and eighteenth century French and Italian Catholic works of spiritual direction.

Bishops' College, Cheshunt
Christianity portal

Bishops' College, Cheshunt was an Anglican theological College set up to train clergy to serve in the Church of England. It was housed in buildings formerly used by a non-conformist college that moved to Cambridge in 1905. It operated from 1909 until 1968. Since then, they have been used as local government buildings. Its principal from 1955 to 1963 was John Trillo.
Glossary of structural engineering
This glossary of structural engineering terms pertains specifically to structural engineering and its sub-disciplines. Please see Glossary of engineering for a broad overview of the major concepts of engineering.

Most of the terms listed in glossaries are already defined and explained within itself.  However, glossaries like this one are useful for looking up, comparing and reviewing large numbers of terms together.  You can help enhance this page by adding new terms or writing definitions for existing ones.

Structure
A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Physical structures include artifacts and objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as biological organisms, minerals and chemicals. Abstract structures include data structures in computer science and musical form. Types of structure include a hierarchy (a cascade of one-to-many relationships), a network featuring many-to-many links, or a lattice featuring connections between components that are neighbors in space.
Baihakki Khaizan
Baihakki bin Khaizan (born 31 January 1984) is a Singaporean retired footballer who last played as a centre-back for Singapore Premier League club Tampines Rovers and the Singapore national team. Baihakki is known to be one of the best defenders in the Southeast Asia region during his time as a footballer. He has plied his career playing in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand.

Along with Khairul Amri, Shahril Ishak and Hassan Sunny, Baihakki was in the pioneer batch of the National Football Academy in 2000.

Baihakki is the first and only foreigner to win the FAM Football Awards 'Best Defender Award' in 2013 in which he won the 2013 Malaysia Super League with LionsXII. He has also won 3 AFF Championship with the Singapore national team and was included in the AFF Championship All-time XI in history.

2009–10 Indonesia Super League
The 2009–10 Indonesia Super League was the 2nd edition of this newly born competition, which replaced the Premier Division as the top rank of football system in the country.

Persipura Jayapura were the defending champions, having won their first title in the previous season, or the second title if counting the Premier Division era, equalling the record for the most top league titles, along with Persik Kediri.

The campaign began on 11 October 2009. A total of 18 teams competed in the league, 14 of which contested the 2008–09 season and four of which were promoted from the Premier Division. The title was won by Arema Indonesia. This was their second title in their history.
2001 Wismilak International – Singles
Henrieta Nagyová was the defending champion, but decided to play in the Sparkassen Cup instead.

Angelique Widjaja won the title in her first WTA tournament she was playing in, becoming the lowest ranked player ever to win a WTA title since the computerized rankings began in 1975.

2001 Sparkassen Cup (tennis)
The 2001 Sparkassen Cup (tennis) was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts in Leipzig, Germany. It was part of the Tier II category of the 2001 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 24 September until 30 September 2002. First-seeded Kim Clijsters won the singles title and earned $90,000 first-prize money.
Online wallet
An online wallet is a software or web service that allows users to store and control their online shopping information, such as logins, passwords, shipping address and credit card details. It also provides a method for consumers to purchase products from online retailers.

These systems can be integrated with directly or can be combined with operator and credit card payments through a unified mobile web payment platform. Examples include Google Wallet, PayPal, Yandex.Money.

PayPal
PayPal Holdings, Inc. is an American multinational financial technology company that operates an online payments system in the majority of countries that support online money transfers; it serves as an electronic alternative to traditional paper methods such as checks and money orders. The company operates as a payment processor for online vendors, auction sites and many other commercial and company users.

Established in 1998 as Confinity, PayPal went public through an IPO in 2002. It became a wholly owned subsidiary of eBay later that year, valued at $1.5 billion. In 2015, eBay spun off PayPal to its shareholders, and PayPal became an independent company again. The company was ranked 143rd on the 2022 Fortune 500 of the largest United States corporations by revenue. Since 2023, PayPal is a member of the MACH Alliance.
B-NL Challenge Trophy
The B-NL Challenge Trophy was a golf tournament on the Challenge Tour, played in the Netherlands and Belgium in alternating years.

The tournament was supported by the Netherlands Golf Federation (NGF) and the Royal Belgian Golf Federation (KBGF), the tournament was hosted in the Netherlands 2021 and 2023, and in Belgium 2022 (and had been planned to be again in 2024), following the cancellation of the 2020 event due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

It succeeded the Belgian tournament the KPMG Trophy on the Challenge Tour schedule, and marked the first return of the tour to the Netherlands since the Dutch Futures in 2009.

The tournament was not part of the 2024 Challenge Tour schedule announcement.

Dutch Futures
The Dutch Futures was a golf tournament on the Challenge Tour from 2007 to 2009. It was played at the Golfclub Houtrak in Halfweg, the Netherlands.

In February 2025, it was announced that the event would return in August that year, the first time the event had been played in 16 years.
Ostafyevo International Business Airport
Ostafyevo (Russian: Остафьево) (IATA: OSF, ICAO: UUMO) is a "B" class international airport, located 14 km (8.7 mi) to the south of Moscow Ring Road in Novomoskovsky administrative okrug of Moscow. The airport is owned by Gazpromavia company, a division of Gazprom. It was renovated and opened for civilian flights in 2000 on the grounds of a former military airbase. Ostafyevo features a new modern glass terminal, and caters primarily to business aviation.

It can handle aircraft such as the Boeing 737-700, Bombardier Global Express, Dassault Falcon 2000, Antonov An-12, Ilyushin Il-18, Yakovlev Yak-42, Tupolev Tu-134 and smaller, as well as helicopters of all types.

Novomoskovsky Administrative Okrug
Novomoskovsky Administrative Okrug (Russian: Новомосковский административный округ) is one of the twelve administrative okrugs of Moscow. The okrug was created on July 1, 2012.

The administrative center of Novomoskovsky Administrative Okrug is the town of Moskovsky.
Psammomys
Psammomys is a genus of rodents in the family Muridae.

The etymology of the genus name derives from the two Ancient Greek words ψάμμος (psámmos), meaning "sand", and μῦς (mûs), meaning "mouse, rat".

The complete nuclear DNA genome of one Psamomys species, P. obesus, has been sequenced in 2017.

It contains the following species:

Fat sand rat, Psammomys obesus

Thin sand rat, Psammomys vexillaris

Fat sand rat
The fat sand rat (Psammomys obesus) is a terrestrial mammal from the gerbil subfamily that is mostly found in North Africa and the Middle East, ranging from Mauritania to the Arabian Peninsula. This species usually lives in sandy deserts, but may also be found in rocky terrain or saline marsh areas. Fat sand rats are very selective in their diet, only eating stems and leaves of plants from the family Amaranthaceae, more commonly known as the amaranth family.  In captivity, fat sand rats can become obese and rapidly develop diabetes-like symptoms when fed the diet typically given to other rodents. P. obesus has an average lifespan of 14 months in the wild and 3–4 years in captivity.
Boroughs incorporated in England and Wales 1835–1882
The Municipal Corporations Act 1835 reformed 178 existing boroughs. It also allowed for further towns to submit petitions for the grant of a charter of incorporation as a municipal borough. There were 62 such incorporations before the 1835 act was repealed and replaced by the Municipal Corporations Act 1882.

Municipal borough
A municipal borough was a type of local government district which existed in England and Wales between 1836 and 1974, in Northern Ireland from 1840 to 1973 and in the Republic of Ireland from 1840 to 2002. Broadly similar structures existed in Scotland from 1833 to 1975 with the reform of royal burghs and creation of police burghs.
Penetana Papahurihia
Penetana Papahurihia (died 1875), also called Te Atua Wera ("the fiery God"), was a Māori tohunga, war leader and prophet. He belonged to Ngā Puhi, by way of the Te Hikutu and Ngāti Hau hapū. In 1833, he founded a religious cult called Te Nakahi around the Bay of Islands and Omanaia, and later served as a spiritual advisor to Hone Heke.

Tohunga
In the culture of the Māori of New Zealand, a tohunga (tōhuka in Southern Māori dialect) is an expert practitioner of any skill or art, either religious or otherwise. Tohunga include expert priests, healers, navigators, carvers, builders, teachers and advisors. A tohunga may have also been the head of a whānau (family) but quite often was also a rangatira (chief) and an ariki (noble). The equivalent and cognate in Hawaiian culture is kahuna, tahu'a in Tahitian.
André de La Barre
André de La Barre (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃dʁe d(ə) la baʁ]; 30 November 1749 – 7 June 1794) was born in New France and joined France's colonial forces at a very young age. In 1764, he trained as an artillerist, but transferred to a cavalry unit as a volunteer three years later. In 1772 he officially joined the French Royal Army as a sous lieutenant of dragoons. In 1779, he was wounded at Savannah in the American Revolutionary War. By 1788, he was a staff officer with the rank of major. The start of the War of the First Coalition allowed officers chances for rapid advancement. Named a general of brigade in August 1793, La Barre fought at Toulon that year. Going to the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees, he distinguished himself at Boulou in May 1794. He was killed leading his cavalrymen in action at La Junquera on 7 June 1794.

Ramsay Weston Phipps
Ramsay Weston Phipps (10 April 1838 – 24 June 1923) was an Irish-born military historian and officer in Queen Victoria's Royal Artillery. The son of Pownoll Phipps, an officer of the British East India Company's army, he was descended from the early settlers of the West Indies; many generations had served in the British, and the English military. Phipps served in the Crimean War, had a stint of duty at Malta, and helped to repress the Fenian uprising in Canada in 1866.

Phipps is known for his study of The Armies of the First French Republic and the Rise of the Marshals of Napoleon I, a five-volume set published posthumously from 1926–1939 by Oxford University Press. He also edited L.A. Fauvelet de Bourrienne's Memoirs of Napoleon Bonaparte, a three-volume work published in 1885 and Madame Campan's The private life of Marie Antoinette, queen of France and Navarre; with sketches and anecdotes of the courts of Louis XVI, published in 1889.
Donnington, West Sussex
Donnington is a small village, ecclesiastical parish and civil parish in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England. The village lies on the B2201 road, 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the centre of Chichester, within the Chichester built-up area. The northern part of the parish comprises the Stockbridge area of the City of Chichester.

The village lies on the Chichester Canal. The parish is also home to the Sussex Falconry Centre.

Chichester
Chichester (/ˈtʃɪtʃɪstər/ ⓘ CHITCH-ist-ər) is a cathedral city and civil parish in the Chichester district of West Sussex, England. It is the only city in West Sussex and is its county town. It was a Roman and Anglo-Saxon settlement and a major market town from those times through Norman and medieval times to the present day. It is the seat of the Church of England Diocese of Chichester and is home to a 12th-century cathedral.

The city has two main watercourses: the Chichester Canal and the River Lavant. The Lavant, a winterbourne, runs to the south of the city walls; it is hidden mostly in culverts when close to the city centre.
Katrin Klujber
Katrin Klujber (born 21 April 1999) is a Hungarian handballer for Ferencvárosi TC and the Hungarian national team.

In September 2018, she was included by EHF in a list of the twenty best young handballers to watch for the future.

2024 European Women's Handball Championship
The 2024 European Women's Handball Championship was held in Austria, Hungary and Switzerland from 28 November to 15 December 2024. This was the first tournament to feature 24 teams. Norway were the two time defending champions and defended their title once again with a win over Denmark.
Flossie Bailey
Katherine "Flossie" Bailey (1895 – February 6, 1952) was a civil rights and anti-lynching activist from Indiana. She established a local chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in Marion, Indiana, in 1918 and became especially active fighting for justice and equality following the double lynching of Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith in 1930. As president of the Indiana NAACP, Bailey was pivotal in lobbying for passage of a statewide anti-lynching law in Indiana in 1931 and advocated for a similar bill at the national level. She was also a recipient of the national NAACP's Madam C. J. Walker Medal.

Lynching
Lynching is an extrajudicial killing by a group. It is most often used to characterize informal public executions by a mob in order to punish an alleged or convicted transgressor or to intimidate others. It can also be an extreme form of informal group social control, and it is often conducted with the display of a public spectacle (often in the form of a hanging) for maximum intimidation. Instances of lynchings and similar mob violence can be found in all societies.

In the United States, where the word lynching likely originated, the practice became associated with vigilante justice on the frontier and mob attacks on African Americans accused of crimes. The latter became frequent in the South during the period after the Reconstruction era, especially during the nadir of American race relations. Black people are thought to be the primary victims of lynching in the U.S. (about 72% of the total).
Carmenta theobromae
Carmenta theobromae, the cocoa fruit borer, is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It was described by August Busck in 1910, and is known from Colombia and Venezuela.

The larvae of the species feed on Theobroma cacao. They perforate the pods of their host plant and are considered a serious pest.

Sesiidae
The Sesiidae or clearwing moths are a diurnal moth family in the order Lepidoptera known for their Batesian mimicry in both appearance and behaviour of various Hymenoptera.

The family consists of 165 genera spread over two subfamilies, containing in total 1525 species and 49 subspecies, most of which occur in the tropics, though there are many species in the Holarctic region as well, including over a hundred species known to occur in Europe.: Backcover, 6
Operation Kutuzov
Operation Kutuzov was the first of the two counteroffensives launched by the Red Army as part of the Kursk Strategic Offensive Operation. It commenced on 12 July 1943, in the Central Russian Upland,   against Army Group Center of the German Heer. The operation was named after General Mikhail Kutuzov, the Russian general credited with saving Russia from Napoleon during the French invasion of Russia in 1812. Operation Kutuzov was one of two large-scale Soviet operations launched as counteroffensives against Operation Citadel. The Operation began on 12 July and ended on 18 August 1943 with the capture of Orel and collapse of the Orel bulge.

Soviet Air Forces
The Soviet Air Forces (Russian: Военно-Воздушные Силы Союза Советских Социалистических Республик, romanized: Voenno-Vozdushnye Sily Soyuza Sovetskih Sotsialisticheskih Respublik, lit. 'Military Air Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics'; abbr. VVS SSSR; sometimes referred to as the "Red Air Force") was one of  two air forces belonging to the Soviet Union. The other was the Soviet Air Defence Forces. The Air Forces were formed from components of the Imperial Russian Air Service in 1917, and faced their greatest test during World War II. The groups were also involved in the Korean War, and dissolved along with the Soviet Union itself in 1991–92. Former Soviet Air Forces' assets were subsequently divided into several air forces of former Soviet republics, including the new Russian Air Force. The "March of the Pilots" was its marching song.
Bassem Marmar
Bassem Ali Marmar (Arabic: بَاسِم عَلِيّ مَرْمَر; born 28 March 1977) is a Lebanese football coach and former player.

Starting his playing career at Ahed in 1996, Marmar helped Ahed win multiple titles, most notably the 2003–04 Lebanese FA Cup, Ahed's first major trophy, and the 2007–08 Lebanese Premier League, Ahed's first league title. He was the club's captain from 2007 to his retirement in 2010.

In 2016 Marmar was appointed head coach of Ahed, helping them win numerous domestic titles, as well as the 2019 AFC Cup, the first AFC Cup title for a Lebanese side. In 2020 Marmar took charge of Kuwaiti side Al-Arabi, becoming the first Lebanese coach to manage abroad. He returned to Ahed in 2021, and became head coach of Safa in 2023. in 2025 he returned to Ahed for a fourth stint.

2022 Lebanese Elite Cup
The 2022 Lebanese Elite Cup was the 24th and last edition of the Lebanese Elite Cup. The competition included the six best teams from the 2021–22 Lebanese Premier League season. The first matchday was played on 27 July, one day before the start of the 2022 Lebanese Challenge Cup. Ahed won their sixth title after defeating Ansar 2–1 in the final on 20 August.
Psalm 148
Psalm 148 is the 148th psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: "Praise ye the Lord from the heavens". In Latin, it is known as "Laudate Dominum de caelis". The psalm is one of the Laudate psalms. Old Testament scholars have also classified it as a creation psalm and a wisdom psalm.

The psalm forms a regular part of Jewish, Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican and other Protestant liturgies. It has often been set to music, including a four-part metered setting in German by Heinrich Schütz as part of the Becker Psalter, and Psalm 148, a setting for voice and piano of an English metered adaptation written and composed by Leonard Bernstein in 1935, his earliest surviving work.

Perek Shira
Perek Shira (Hebrew פרק שירה, lit. "Chapter of Song") is an ancient Jewish text. There are a number of versions extant, some associated with the Ashkenazic tradition, some with the Sephardic, and some with the Mizrahi Jews tradition.    It was first printed, with a commentary, in Moses ben Joseph de Trani's Bet Elohim (1576), but it is mentioned as early as the 10th century.  It contains 85 sections, in each of which elements of creation, beginning with the celestial and ending with dogs, use biblical and rabbinic verses in order to sing God's praises. Use of Perek Shira used to be prevalent in the daily liturgy and medieval philosopher Joseph Albo wrote that whoever recites Perek Shira is guaranteed a place in the World to Come.
Fool's mate
The fool's mate is the fastest checkmate in chess delivered after the fewest possible moves from the game's starting position. It arises from the following moves (minor variations are possible):

1. f3  e6

2. g4?? Qh4#

The mate can be achieved in two moves only by Black, giving checkmate on the second move with the queen. Fool's mate received its name because it can occur only if White commits an extraordinary blunder. Black can be mated in an analogous way, though this requires an additional move, with White's queen delivering checkmate on the third move. Even among rank beginners, this checkmate rarely occurs in practice.

The mate is an illustration of the kingside weakness shared by both players along the f- and g-files during the opening phase of the game. A player may also suffer an early checkmate if the f- and g-pawns are advanced prematurely and the kingside is not properly defended, as shown in historical miniature games recorded in chess literature.

Chess annotation symbols
When annotating chess games, commentators frequently use widely recognized annotation symbols. Question marks and exclamation points that denote a move as bad or good are ubiquitous in chess literature. Some publications intended for an international audience, such as the Chess Informant, have a wide range of additional symbols that transcend language barriers.

The common symbols for evaluating the merits of a move are "??", "?", "?!", "!?", "!", and "!!". The chosen symbol is appended to the text describing the move (e.g. Re7? or Kh1!?); see Algebraic chess notation.

Use of these annotation symbols is subjective, as different annotators use the same symbols differently or for a different reason.