hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Queensland University Squadron
The Queensland University Squadron (QUS) was an active Citizens Air Force (CAF) squadron, being part of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) and tasked with training commissioned officers for the RAAF General Reserve recruited from University of Queensland undergraduates from 1950 to 1973. It trained 600 RAAF commissioned officers over 24 years.

RAAF Williams
RAAF Williams (ICAO: YMPC) is a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) military air base set across two locations, at Point Cook and Laverton, located approximately 20 km (12 mi) south-west of the Melbourne central business district in Victoria, Australia. Both establishments previously existed as separate RAAF Bases (RAAF Base Point Cook and RAAF Base Laverton) until 1989 when they were amalgamated to form RAAF Williams. The name was chosen in honour of Air Marshal Sir Richard Williams, the 'father' of the RAAF.

RAAF Williams, Point Cook is the birthplace of the Royal Australian Air Force and is the oldest continually operating military airfield in the world. Since 1994, RAAF Williams (Point Cook) has been the home of RMIT Flight Training.
16th (Service) Battalion, Rifle Brigade (St Pancras)
The 16th (Service) Battalion, Rifle Brigade (St Pancras) (16th RB) was an infantry unit recruited in St Pancras, London, as part of 'Kitchener's Army' in World War I. It served on the Western Front, including the battles of the Somme and the Ancre, the Ypres offensive and the German spring offensives. After its losses the battalion was reduced to a training cadre for the rest of the war, helping to prepare newly-arrived US troops and others for Trench warfare. It was disbanded in 1919.

Kitchener's Army
The New Army, often referred to as Kitchener's Army or, disparagingly, as Kitchener's Mob,
was an (initially) all-volunteer portion of the British Army formed in the United Kingdom from 1914 onwards following the outbreak of hostilities in the First World War in late July 1914. It originated on the recommendation of Herbert Kitchener, then the Secretary of State for War to obtain 500,000 volunteers for the Army. Kitchener's original intention was that these men would be formed into units that would be ready to be put into action in mid-1916, but circumstances dictated the use of these troops before then. The first use in a major action of Kitchener's Army units came at the Battle of Loos (September–October 1915).
Gbolahan Obisesan
Gbolahan Obisesan is a British Nigerian writer and director. He was the Artistic Director and Joint CEO at Brixton House theatre. He has served as a Genesis Fellow and Associate Director at the Young Vic.

Charlene James
Charlene James is a British playwright and screenwriter. She won substantial acclaim for her play Cuttin' It, which addresses the issue of female genital mutilation in Britain, for which she won numerous awards.
Saekki seo bal
Saekki seo bal (새끼 서 발 Three Straw Ropes) is a Korean folk tale about a boy who is thrown out of his home for being lazy but possesses three pieces of straw rope that gradually grow and become valuable, making him rich. It is sometimes classified as a formula tale by those focusing on its structure of repeating and accumulating success on the part of the protagonist.

Korean folklore
Stories and practices that are considered part of Korean folklore go back several thousand years. These tales derive from a variety of origins, including Korean Shamanism, Confucianism, Buddhism, and more recently Christianity.

Many folk traditions developed in rural areas such as villages. They often relate to households and farming, and reinforce family and communal bonds. The performance of folk tales reflects this, with performers often encouraging and eliciting audience involvement. Traditions and stories were passed down orally, although written examples appear beginning in the 5th century.

While many traditions have become less practiced or modernized, folklore remains deeply embedded in Korean society, continuing to influence fields such as religion, stories, art, and customs.
Arlet Levandi
Arlet Levandi (born 28 November 2005) is an Estonian figure skater. He is a two-time Challenger Series medal and a six-time Estonian national medalist.

At the junior level, he is the 2022 European Youth Olympic Festival champion, the 2021 JGP France II silver medalist, the 2021 JGP Slovenia silver medalist, 2024 JGP Turkey bronze medalist, and a 2020 Winter Youth Olympic champion in the team event. Levandi is the first men's singles skater from Estonia to win a Junior Grand Prix medal.

Volvo Open Cup
The Volvo Open Cup is an annual international figure skating competition held in Riga, Latvia. In some years, the event is part of the ISU Challenger Series. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance.
Giorgio John Squarcia
Giorgio John Squarcia (also known as GJ Squarcia and Giorgio J. Squarcia;
born September 2, 1969), is an American director, screenwriter, writer, producer, and investigative journalist.
Since 2001, beginning with the anthology television series Tutto in un Giorno, he has created and directed projects that combine journalistic investigation with cinematic storytelling. 
His later productions includes the true crime film Erba – I giorni dell'odio (2007), the docu-series Cash (2009), and other titles such as Lo Stato Sociale, The Last Exorcist, and Red Zone Forever. 
Through these projects he explored real-life events with a dramatized cinematic approach that anticipated the later popularity of the true crime and docudrama genres.

Sky Italia
Sky Italia S.r.l. is an Italian satellite television platform owned by the American media conglomerate Comcast. Sky Italia also broadcasts three national free-to-air television channels: TV8, Cielo, and Sky TG24.

Pay TV services on the Sky Italia satellite platform are broadcast on the Hot Bird satellites at 13.0°E and are encrypted in NDS VideoGuard.
Ian Potts
Ian Potts (1936–2014) was a painter and educator, who was head of the painting department at the Brighton College of Art and exhibited largely as a watercolour landscape artist.

Potts’ work has been added to several public and private collections; including the Victoria and Albert Museum, London; Arts Council collection; Towner Gallery, Eastbourne; Hove Museum, East Sussex Council; as well as the University of Brighton's Aldrich Collection.

Thomas Girtin
Thomas Girtin (18 February 1775 – 9 November 1802) was an English watercolourist and etcher. A friend and rival of J. M. W. Turner, Girtin played a key role in establishing watercolour as a reputable art form.
XPeng Mona M03
The XPeng Mona M03 (Chinese: 小鹏MONA M03; pinyin: Xiǎopéng MONA M03) is a battery electric compact sedan manufactured by Chinese electric car company XPeng and originally developed by DiDi, a Chinese ride-hailing company. It is the first product under the Mona product line, which focuses on lower-priced vehicles in the mainstream segment as opposed to the premium positioning of previous XPeng vehicles. In China, it occupies the A-class segment, equivalent to the global C-segment.

According to XPeng, Mona stands for "Made Of New AI". The company's CEO, He Xiaopeng, mentioned that the alphanumeric name "M03" was chosen as a tribute to the Tesla Model 3.

Compact car
Compact car is a vehicle size class—predominantly used in North America—that sits between subcompact cars and mid-size cars. "Small family car" is a British term and a part of the C-segment in the European car classification. However, before the downsizing of the United States car industry in the 1970s and 1980s, larger vehicles with wheelbases up to 110 in (2.79 m) were considered "compact cars" in the United States.
William Parker (priest, died c. 1631)
William Parker (died c. 1631) was an Anglican priest. and archdeacon of Cornwall.

Parker was educated at Lincoln College, Oxford. 
He was Archdeacon of Totnes; from 1613 to 1616: and Archdeacon of Cornwall from 1616 until 1628.

Archdeacon of Totnes
The Archdeacon of Totnes or Totton is the senior ecclesiastical officer in charge of one of the oldest archdeaconries in England. It is an administrative division of the Church of England Diocese of Exeter and under the oversight of the Bishop suffragan of Plymouth.
Bloody Night (Lisbon, 1921)
Bloody Night (Portuguese: Noite Sangrenta) is the name by which the radical revolt that took place in Lisbon, on the night of 19 October 1921, became known. During the day, a coup led António Granjo's government to resign, but President António José de Almeida resisted appointing the rebels' government. During the night, a riot led by a "ghost truck" led by Abel Olímpio resulted in five people associated with the Sidonist regime being killed and one being gravely injured.

Francisco Cunha Leal
Francisco Pinto da Cunha Leal (22 August 1888 – 26 April 1970) was a Portuguese politician during the period of the Portuguese First Republic. He served as 84th Prime Minister of Portugal between 1921 and 1922. He was the leader and founder of the União Liberal Republicana (ULR) party.
Gausvika
Gausvika or Gausvik is a village in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is in the northeastern part of the large island of Hinnøya, along the Tjeldsundet Strait, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of the town of Harstad. The European route E10 highway passes through the village, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of the Tjeldsund Bridge. Gausvik Church is in the village.

Hinnøya
Hinnøya (Norwegian; Northern Sami: Iinnasuolu) is the fourth-largest island in Norway, and the largest outside the Svalbard archipelago. The 2,204.7-square-kilometre (851.2 sq mi) lies just off the western coast of Northern Norway.  The island sits on the border of Nordland and Troms counties. The western part of the island is in the district of Vesterålen, the southwestern part is in the Lofoten district, the southeastern part is in the Ofoten district, and the northeastern part is in Troms. As of 2017, Hinnøya had a population of 32,688. The only town on the island is the town of Harstad. Some of the larger villages include Borkenes, Lødingen, Sigerfjord, and Sørvik. The island is split between several municipalities: Harstad, Tjeldsund and Kvæfjord in Troms county, as well as Andøy, Hadsel, Lødingen, Sortland, and Vågan in Nordland county.
Khatunabad, Bostanabad
Khatunabad (Persian: خاتون اباد, also Romanized as Khātūnābād) is a village in Mehranrud-e Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Bostanabad County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 149, in 24 families.

Mehranrud-e Jonubi Rural District
Mehranrud-e Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان مهرانرود جنوبي) is in the Central District of Bostanabad County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Hajj Aqa. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kargan-e Qadim.
Machikou
Machikou Town (Chinese: 马池口镇; pinyin: Mǎchíkǒu Zhèn) is a town inside of Changping District, Beijing, China. Machikou shares border with Chengnan and Chengbei Subdistricts to its north, Nanshao and Shahe Towns to its east, Shangzhuang and Yangfang Towns to its south, and Nankou Town to its west and north. The population for this area was 87,506 as of 2020.

This area's name Machikou (Chinese: 马池口; lit. 'Horse Pool Mouth') is referring to the region's past location as a stopping for trading caravans.

Shangzhuang, Beijing
Shangzhuang Town (Chinese: 上庄镇; pinyin: Shàngzhuāng Zhèn) is a town on the northern end of Haidian District, Beijing, China. It borders Machikou Town in the north, Shahe Town in the east, Xibeiwang Town in the southeast, Sujiatuo and Yangfang Town in the west. The 2020 census determined this area's population to be 71,554.

The name Shangzhuang (Chinese: 上庄; lit. 'Upper Villa') came from a village where the government of the town is located in.
Hythe, Sandgate & Folkestone Lifeboat Station
Hythe, Sandgate & Folkestone Lifeboat Station was located off Princes Parade, Seabrook, at the eastern end of the Royal Military Canal, midway between Hythe and Folkestone, in the county of Kent.

A lifeboat station was first established at Seabrook in 1876, by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI).

Hythe, Sandgate & Folkestone lifeboat station was closed in 1893, with the opening of two separate stations at Hythe and Folkestone.

Seabrook, Kent
Seabrook is a coastal village in the civil parish of Hythe, in the Folkestone and Hythe district of Kent, England, lying on the coast of the English Channel between Sandgate and Hythe. There is a Church of England Primary School. The village sits at the mouth of the Seabrook Stream and is a popular area for seaside walks, watersports and local community life. The historic start of the Royal Military Canal marks the western boundary of the settlement and the promenade between Seabrook and Hythe is a major attraction in summer months.
J. David Velleman
J. David Velleman (born 1952) is an American philosopher. He is Emeritus Professor of Philosophy and Bioethics at New York University and Miller Research Professor of Philosophy at Johns Hopkins University. He primarily works in the areas of ethics, moral psychology, and related areas such as the philosophy of action, and practical reasoning.

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Canonical singularity
In mathematics, canonical singularities are a class of singularities that appear on the canonical model of an algebraic variety, and terminal singularities are a narrower class that occur as singularities of minimal models. These classes of singularities were introduced by Miles Reid (1980). Terminal singularities are important in the minimal model program because smooth minimal models do not exist in the desired generality, and hence certain "mild" singularities must be allowed.

James McKernan
James McKernan FRS (born 1964) is a mathematician, and a professor of mathematics at the University of California, San Diego. He was a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 2007 until 2013.
Borderline hydrides
Borderline hydrides typically refer to hydrides formed of hydrogen and elements of the periodic table in group 11 and group 12 and indium (In) and thallium (Tl).  These compounds have properties intermediate between covalent hydrides and saline hydrides.  Hydrides are chemical compounds that contain a metal and hydrogen acting as a negative ion.

Copper hydride
Copper hydride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CuHn where n ≈ 0.95. It is a red solid, rarely isolated as a pure composition, that decomposes to the elements. Copper hydride is mainly produced as a reducing agent in organic synthesis and as a precursor to various catalysts.
Theo Stockman
Theo Stockman (born December 27, 1984) is an American actor, singer, and DJ, known for his roles in Broadway musicals such as Hair, American Idiot, and American Psycho, numerous roles on television including Alaska Daily,  Inside Amy Schumer, High Maintenance, Private Practice, The Following, Shades of Blue, Law & Order: SVU, and for his role in Stephen King's A Good Marriage. He plays the recurring characters of Josh on Netflix's Bonding and Jacob on Apple TV's WeCrashed.

Delacorte Theater
The Delacorte Theater is a 1,800-seat open-air amphitheater in Central Park, in the New York City borough of Manhattan. It is home to the Public Theater's free Shakespeare in the Park productions.

Over five million people have attended more than 150 free productions of Shakespeare and other classical works and musicals at the Delacorte Theater since its opening in 1962. The theater was closed for renovation between 2023 and 2025.
Adam Davies (footballer, born 1992)
Adam Rhys Davies (born 17 July 1992) is a professional footballer who plays as goalkeeper for EFL Championship club Sheffield United and the Wales national team.

Davies began his career with Sheffield Wednesday after previously playing in the Everton Academy. He did not make any appearances for Wednesday and left for Barnsley in June 2014. At Oakwell Davies experienced promotion from League One in 2015–16, relegation from the Championship in 2017–18 and promotion again in 2018–19. In June 2019 Davies joined Stoke City.

2018–19 EFL League One
The 2018–19 EFL League One (referred to as the Sky Bet League One for sponsorship reasons) was the 15th season of the Football League One under its current title and the 26th season under its current league division format. Fixtures were released on 21 June 2018 and the opening round of matches was played on 4 August 2018. The league season ended on 4 May 2019.

The summer transfer window closed five days after the start of the season, on 9 August 2018, following a vote by all 72 clubs in the Football League. However, clubs were able to make loan signings until 31 August.
William Morley (died 1597)
William Morley (ca. 1531 – 24 November 1597) was an English politician.

He was the eldest son of Thomas Morley of Glynde, Sussex and educated at Cambridge University.

He was appointed High Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex for 1580–81. He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Lewes in 1571.

He was married twice: firstly Ann, the daughter of Anthony Pelham of Warbleton, Sussex, with whom he had 1 or 2 sons and 3 daughters and secondly Margaret, the daughter of William Roberts of Warbleton, with whom he had a further 2 or 3 sons and a daughter. He was succeeded by his son Herbert Morley.

Sheriff of Sussex
The office of Sheriff of Sussex was established before the Norman Conquest. The Office of sheriff remained first in precedence in the counties until the reign of Edward VII when an Order in Council in 1908 gave the Lord-Lieutenant the prime office under the Crown as the Sovereign's personal representative.

At various times the sheriff of Surrey was also sheriff of Sussex (1229–1231, 1232–1240, 1242–1567, 1571–1635), The office of Sheriff of Sussex ceased with local government re-organisation in 1974, when the county was split for local government purposes into East Sussex (see High Sheriff of East Sussex) and West Sussex (see High Sheriff of West Sussex). The High Sheriffs remain the Sovereign's representative in the County for all matters relating to the Judiciary and the maintenance of law and order.
Zid (TV series)
Zid (English: Stubbornness) is a Pakistani television drama series that debuted on Hum TV on 26 December 2014. It is written by Bee Gul, produced by Momina Duraid, and directed by Adnan Wai. It features Maya Ali, Ahsan Khan, Rabab Hashim, Imran Peerzada, and Nausheen Shah in pivotal roles.

Hum TV
Hum TV HD is a 24-hour Urdu general entertainment TV channel based in Karachi, Pakistan. It was founded by Sultana Siddiqui and Duraid Qureshi in 2005.

It is owned by Hum Network Limited and traded on the Pakistan Stock Exchange as (HUMNL).

Hum Network Limited was known as Eye Television Network Limited prior to 21 January 2011. Hum TV began its transmission on 17 January 2005. In March 2013, Hum Network held its first Hum Awards ceremony. As of 1 May 2018, Hum TV shut down its SD feed and shifted to HD resolution in Pakistan.

Hum TV is one of Pakistan's biggest entertainment networks and regularly is in the  top ranks and maintains a loyal fanbase on social media in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and streaming platforms, as well as on television.
Robinson Historic District
The Robinson Historic District encompasses the oldest residential neighborhood of Conway, Arkansas.  It is located just west of the city's downtown business district, and is bounded on the east by Faulkner Street, the south by Robinson Avenue, the west by Watkins Street, and the north by Ash, Caldwell, and Davis Streets.  It contains a cross-section of residential architectural styles covering the city's development between 1890 and 1950.  The district is named for Asa P. Robinson, Conway's founder.

The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.  Properties within the district that were previously listed include the Brown House, the First United Methodist Church, the O.L. Dunaway House, the Greeson-Cone House, the Harton House, and the S.G. Smith House.

Harton House
The Harton House is a historic house at 1821 Robinson Avenue in Conway, Arkansas. It is a large, irregularly massed 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame house with a hip roof and clapboard siding. The roof is studded with cross gables exhibiting a half-timbered appearance, and a single-story porch wraps around the front and side, supported by brick piers.  Built in 1890, the house is a distinctive combination of Queen Anne and Colonial Revival styling. It was built for D. O. Harton, a prominent local businessman.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
Tlaximaltepoztli
The tlaximaltepoztli (tlāximaltepoztli; in Nahuatl, tlaximal=carpentry and tepoztli=metal axe) or simply tepoztli was a common weapon used by civilizations from Mesoamerica which was formed by a wooden haft in which the poll of the bronze head was inlaid in a hole in the haft. It was used for war or as a tool. Its use is documented by the Codex Mendoza and the Codex Fejérváry-Mayer. Tax collectors from the Aztec Empire demanded this kind of axe as tribute from the subjugated kingdoms. In Aztec mythology, the tepoztli was used by the god Tepoztécatl, god of fermentation and fertility. In Codex Borgia he is represented with a bronze axe.

Purépecha
The Purépecha (Western Highland Purepecha: P'urhepecha [pʰuˈɽepet͡ʃa]) are a group of Indigenous people centered in the northwestern region of Michoacán, Mexico, mainly in the area of the cities of Cherán and Pátzcuaro.

They are also known by the derogatory term "Tarascan", an exonym, applied by outsiders and not one they use for themselves.

The Purépecha occupied most of Michoacán but also some of the lower valleys of both Guanajuato and Jalisco. Celaya, Acambaro, Cerano, and Yurirapundaro. Now, the Purépecha live mostly in the highlands of central Michoacán, around Lakes Patzcuaro and Cuitzeo.
Longuich
Longuich (German pronunciation: [ˈlɔŋɡɪç]) is a municipality in the Trier-Saarburg district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It lies on the river Moselle.
A part of Longuich is Kirsch.

It was the birthplace of Theodore Nesser, father of the Nesser Brothers of the National Football League, who played for the now defunct Columbus Panhandles in the 1920s.

Trier-Saarburg
Trier-Saarburg (German pronunciation: [ˌtʁiːɐ̯ˈzaːɐ̯bʊʁk]; Luxembourgish: Landkrees Tréier-Saarburg [ˈlɑntkʀeːs ˌtʀɜɪ̯ɐˈzaːʁbuχɕ]) is a district in the west of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north and clockwise) Bitburg-Prüm, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Birkenfeld, Sankt Wendel (Saarland), and Merzig-Wadern (Saarland). To the west it borders Luxembourg. The district-free city Trier is surrounded by the district.