hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ethiopian–Ottoman border conflict
The Ethiopian–Ottoman border conflict was an undeclared war between the Ottoman province of Egypt and various Ethiopian warlords occurring soon after the Egyptian conquest of Sudan. By the middle of the 19th century, the Ethiopians and Turco-Egyptians faced each other across an undefined and contested border. Muhammad Ali initially entertained the idea of conquering all of Tigray and Amhara, but by the middle of the 19th century Egypt had only limited objectives in Ethiopia, namely to establish its authority over the mineral rich slopes of the Ethiopian peripheral areas.

Ali II of Yejju
Ali II of Yejju (c. 1819 – c. 1866) was Ras of Begemder and the de facto ruler of the Ethiopian Empire. He was a member of a powerful Wollo Yejju dynasty known as the Yejju, which ruled much of the Ethiopian Empire during the Zemene Mesafint.
Things with Wings
Things with Wings is the second studio album by American musician Ericdoa, released on May 20, 2022, by Listen to the Kids and Interscope Records. It is a pop rap and hyperpop album, with elements of many other genres. It follows his debut album COA and is his first major project after signing to Interscope in 2021.

COA (album)
COA is the debut studio album by the American musician Ericdoa. It was released by Interscope Records and Listen to the Kids on November 6, 2020. It experiments with sounds of the hyperpop genre, that were seen as smoldering angst. The EP was produced by Ericdoa with contributions from a variety of record producers including Glasear, Kimj, and Vvspipes. Upon release, it had received mixed reviews from critics.
Dakalanta Sanctuary
Dakalanta Sanctuary is a 130-square-kilometre (50 mi2) nature reserve in the northern region of the Eyre Peninsula of South Australia, between the towns of Lock and Elliston.  It is owned and managed by the Australian Wildlife Conservancy (AWC).

Elliston, South Australia
Elliston is a small coastal town in the Australian state of South Australia on the west coast of Eyre Peninsula, 169 km northwest of Port Lincoln and 641 km west of Adelaide. The township is located on Waterloo Bay. At the 2021 census, Elliston had a population of 333.
Bert Wakefield
Burgess "Bert" Wakefield (May 1870 - death date unknown) was an American Negro leagues first baseman and for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League.

He played for Frank Leland's traveling Chicago Unions for at least two years. There he played with Home Run Johnson, Bill Holland, and Harry Hyde.

Wakefield played for the minor league Troy Browns of the Kansas State League in the 1895 season. Troy was Wakefield's hometown.

Home Run Johnson
Grant Ulysses "Home Run" Johnson (September 23, 1872 – September 4, 1963) was an American shortstop and second baseman in baseball's Negro leagues. In a career that spanned over 30 years, he played for many of the greatest teams of the deadball era and was one of the game's best power hitters.  Born in Findlay, Ohio, he died at age 90 in Buffalo, New York.
Taagan
Taagan (Scottish Gaelic: Na Tathagan) is a hamlet in Ross and Cromarty, in the Highland council area of Scotland. It is situated about 2 km north west of Kinlochewe, at the south east end of Loch Maree, next to the A832 road. It is the location of a small, basic campsite, operated by Scottish Natural Heritage.

The name 'Taagan' comes from the Norse for "the in-fields".

Kinlochewe
Kinlochewe (Scottish Gaelic: Ceann Loch Iù or Iùbh) is a village in Wester Ross in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. It is in the parish of Gairloch, the community of Torridon and Kinlochewe and the Highland council area.  It lies near the head of Loch Maree in its magnificent valley, and serves as a junction between the main Ullapool road north, and that which heads west to the coast at Loch Torridon. Loch Maree was at one time also known as Loch Ewe, hence the village's apparently confused name.
Azadari in Lucknow
Azadari in Lucknow or Mourning in Lucknow, is name of the practices related to mourning and commemoration of the anniversary of the death of Imam Husayn ibn Ali at the Battle of Karbala in 680, particularly in period of Muharram (in the Indian sub-continent Muharram in the context of remembrance of the events of Karbala means the period of two months & eight days i.e. 68 days starting from the evening of 29 Zill-Hijjah and ending on the evening of 8 Rabi-al-Awwal) and in general round the year.

The Government of Uttar Pradesh banned the processions in 1977 because of riots and violence. As a result of protests, demonstrations, court arrests, self immolations and deaths of Shia youth, under the leadership of shia ulemas, the Shias were permitted by the government to stage an Azadari procession in January 1998 (21st of Ramzan). A limited number of processions are allowed, and security is tight.

Husayniyya
A husayniyya (Arabic: حسينية) is a building designed specifically for gatherings of Shia Muslims for spiritual practice, religious education and commemoration ceremonies, especially the Mourning of Muharram. The husayniyya is a multipurpose hall for the commemoration rituals of Shia and gets its name from Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of Muhammad. They are referred to as Takya among Sunni Muslims and have common origin.
Danse avec les stars season 1
The first season of the French version of Strictly Come Dancing debuted on TF1 on February 12, 2011. Eight celebrities were paired with eight professional ballroom dancers. Sandrine Quétier and Vincent Cerutti were the hosts for this season.

The winners were Matt Pokora and Katrina Patchett.

Danse avec les stars
Danse avec les stars (French pronunciation: [dɑ̃s avɛk le staʁ], lit. 'Dancing with the Stars', abbr. DALS) is the French version of the British reality TV competition Strictly Come Dancing and is part of the Dancing with the Stars franchise. The show was first broadcast on TF1 on 12 February 2011, the participants having been selected in November 2010. The first series finale took place on 19 March 2011. A second series was broadcast between 8 October – 19 November 2011. Since then TF1 has chosen to broadcast the program once a year, in the autumn. The show has tentatively scheduled its thirteenth series to begin in 2024.

The competition rules are similar to those of the original British version.
Criticism of the government response to Hurricane Katrina
The government response to  Hurricane Katrina  fell under heavy criticism during the aftermath in the United States in 2005. Local, state, and federal government were accused of failing to prepare and respond effectively to the natural disaster.

Hurricane Katrina landed on August 29, 2005. Within days, the US Government's role in preparations and responding to the storm was covered in heavy public debate. It is thought to be the largely televised footage of distressed politicians and residents who remained in New Orleans without water, food or shelter following the hurricane to be the cause of the criticism. The deaths of several citizens by lack of supplies, and the treatment of evacuees in facilities such as the Superdome also came undone to criticism in the media.

Jefferson Parish, Louisiana
Jefferson Parish (French: Paroisse de Jefferson) is a parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 440,781. Its parish seat is Gretna, its largest community is Metairie, and its largest incorporated city is Kenner. Jefferson Parish is included in the Greater New Orleans area.
Panfilo Lacson 2022 presidential campaign
The 2022 presidential campaign of Panfilo Lacson was announced in a televised launch on September 8, 2021, along with his running mate Tito Sotto. Panfilo Lacson is a three-term senator of the Philippines and former chief of the Philippine National Police, while Sotto is a four-term senator who served as the president of the senate from 2018 to 2022.

Lacson and Sotto were the first tandem to announce their candidacy for president and vice president, respectively, for the 2022 Philippine presidential election. Both candidates lost to the tandem of Bongbong Marcos and Sara Duterte, respectively.

Win Gatchalian
Sherwin Ting Gatchalian (born April 6, 1974), known as Win Gatchalian, is a Filipino politician and businessman serving as a Senator since 2016. A member of the Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC), he previously served as the Representative of Valenzuela's 1st district from 2001 to 2004 and from 2013 to 2016. He was the Mayor of Valenzuela from 2004 to 2013.
Surgeon Simulator
Surgeon Simulator (formerly Surgeon Simulator 2013) is a surgical simulation video game developed and published by Bossa Studios. The initial version was created by Tom Jackson, Jack Good, Luke Williams and James Broadley in a 48-hour period for the 2013 Global Game Jam; the developers continued and spent 48 days creating a commercial version. The full version was released via Steam in April 2013, and GOG.com on 10 October 2013 followed by an iPad release on 7 March 2014.

On 26 August 2022, Bossa Studios sold the franchise to tinyBuild for $3 million. On 26 June 2024, Atari SA acquired the franchise from TinyBuild for an undisclosed amount and transitioned it to their Infogrames label.  A sequel, Surgeon Simulator 2, was released in August 2020.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.
Sainte-Foy-Tarentaise
Sainte-Foy-Tarentaise (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t fwa taʁɑ̃tɛz]) is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.

Sainte-Foy-Tarentaise is a village in the Tarentaise Valley in Savoie, France. The old village lies on the main road between Bourg-Saint-Maurice and Val-d'Isère. About 4 km above the village (turning left at La Thuile) is the ski resort of Sainte Foy (referred as Sainte Foy Station).

Bourg-Saint-Maurice
Bourg-Saint-Maurice (French pronunciation: [buʁ sɛ̃ mɔʁis, - moʁ-] ⓘ; Arpitan: Bôrg-Sant-Mori or simply Le Bôrg), commonly known as Saint-Maurice, is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France. Located on the Italian border south of Chamonix-Mont-Blanc, it serves as a transport hub for the Paradiski ski area, with direct rail travel from London (Connecting in Lille), Brussels and Amsterdam during the winter.
Urban Legend in Limbo
Touhou Shinpiroku ~ Urban Legend in Limbo. (Japanese: 東方深秘録 ～ Urban Legend in Limbo.; lit. "Eastern Record of Deep Mysteries") is a fighting game developed by Twilight Frontier and Team Shanghai Alice and published by Twilight Frontier. It is the 14.5th installment in the Touhou Project series and the first game to be illustrated by Moe Harukawa (who worked on Forbidden Scrollery). It was released in May 2015.

A PlayStation 4 port was released on December 8, 2016, making Urban Legend in Limbo the first official Touhou game to be available on a gaming console. The PS4 port features Reisen Udongein Inaba as a new character, as well as an extra story that takes place after the events of Legacy of Lunatic Kingdom.

Twilight Frontier
Twilight Frontier (黄昏フロンティア, Tasogare Furontia), known as Tasofro for short, is a Japanese dojin game developer. They are best known for their collaborations with Team Shanghai Alice (ZUN), which include seven official games in the Touhou Project series.
55th Indian Infantry Brigade
The 55th Indian Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade formation of the Indian Army during World War II. It was formed in India in April 1942 and assigned to the 7th Indian Infantry Division. In July to September 1942, it was attached to the North Western Army. Afterwards the brigade was assigned to the 14th Indian Infantry Division and took part in the Burma Campaign. Apart from a short period in May 1943, the brigade remained with the 14th Division until the end of the war and was 14th Division was allocated as a training division, the brigade was reorganised as a training brigade in June 1943.

1st Punjab Regiment
The 1st Punjab Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army from 1922 to 1947. Upon the Partition of India, it was transferred to the newly-raised Pakistan Army. It ceased to exist in this form in 1956, when it was amalgamated with the 14th, 15th and 16th Punjab regiments to form the Punjab Regiment, an existing infantry regiment of the Pakistan Army.
1990 Miller Genuine Draft 400 (Richmond)
The 1990 Miller Genuine Draft 400 was the 22nd stock car race of the 1990 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 33rd iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, September 9, 1990, in Richmond, Virginia, at Richmond International Raceway, a 0.75 miles (1.21 km) D-shaped oval. The race took the scheduled 400 laps to complete. Gambling on fuel strategy, Richard Childress Racing driver Dale Earnhardt would manage to defend the field in a final three-lap restart to the finish to take his 47th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his eighth victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Roush Racing driver Mark Martin and Hendrick Motorsports driver Darrell Waltrip would finish second and third, respectively.

1990 NASCAR Winston Cup Series
The 1990 NASCAR Winston Cup Series was the 42nd season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 19th modern-era Cup Series. It began on Sunday, February 11, and ended on Sunday, November 18. Because of a highly controversial penalty to Mark Martin early in the season, Dale Earnhardt with Richard Childress Racing was crowned the Winston Cup champion for the fourth time, edging out Martin by 26 points.
Schaan
Schaan (German pronunciation: [ʃaːn] ⓘ; dialectal: Schaa) is the largest municipality of Liechtenstein by population. It is located to the north of Vaduz, the capital, in the central part of the country. As of 2019 it has a population of 6,039, making it the most populous administrative district in Liechtenstein. Representing an important traffic hub and industrial location of the country, Schaan covers an area of 26.92 km2 (10.39 mi2), including mountains and forest. It is a municipality within the electoral district of Oberland in the Principality of Liechtenstein. Schaan contains four exclaves: Brunnenegg, Gritsch, Guschg, and Plankner Neugrütt.

Municipalities of Liechtenstein
The principality of Liechtenstein is divided into eleven municipalities (German: Gemeinden, singular Gemeinde), most consisting of only a single town. Five of the Gemeinden fall within the electoral district of Unterland (lower country), while the other six are within the Oberland (upper country).
Breguet 763 Deux-Ponts
The Breguet 761/763/765 are a family of 1940s and 1950s French double-deck transport aircraft produced by Breguet Aviation. The aircraft were normally called the Deux-Ponts (Double-Decker) but it was not an official name.

Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp
The Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp is an American twin-row, 18-cylinder, air-cooled radial aircraft engine with a displacement of 2,800 cu in (46 L), and is part of the long-lived Wasp family of engines.

The R-2800 saw widespread use in many important American aircraft during and after World War II. During the war years, Pratt & Whitney continued to develop new ideas to upgrade the engine, including water injection for takeoff in cargo and passenger planes and to give emergency power in combat.
Syringa, Idaho
Syringa (pronounced \sə-ˈriŋ-gə\) is an unincorporated community in the northwest United States in Idaho County, Idaho. Named for the shrub which grows in the area [Philadelphus lewisii], the state flower, it is in the Pacific Time Zone (UTC-8). At low elevation, the climate is mild, with an average annual precipitation exceeding 25 inches (65 cm).

Idaho County, Idaho
Idaho County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho, and the largest by area in the state. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,541. The county seat is Grangeville. Previous county seats of the area were Florence (1864–68), Washington (1868–75), and Mount Idaho (1875–1902).
Phil Treloar
Phillip Maurice Treloar (born 7 December 1946, Sydney) is an Australian jazz drummer, percussionist and composer. In an extensive career devoted to creative pursuit Treloar has addressed himself to the problems of relationship found at the intersection of notated music-composition and improvisation. In 1987 Treloar coined the term, Collective Autonomy, to signify his endeavor in this field of work. Fundamental in this has been composition- and performance-development projects, with these at times involving electronic media. Collaborations have, and continue to be, crucial.

Dale Barlow
Dale Barlow (born Sydney, Australia, 25 December 1959) is a jazz saxophonist, flute player and composer. He has a Masters of Music degree begun at City College New York under Ron Carter and completed at ANU Canberra. He has received ARIA Awards, Album of the Year/ Jazz performer of the year/ International Artist of the Year/ Bicentennial Artist of the Year, four Mo Awards and grants.
George William Hamilton
George William Hamilton (1786 - 18 October 1857) was a planter in Jamaica. He was elected to the House of Assembly of Jamaica in 1820.

According to the Legacies of British Slave-Ownership at the University College London, Hamilton was awarded a payment as a slave trader in the aftermath of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 with the Slave Compensation Act 1837. The British Government took out a £15 million loan (worth £1.8 billion in 2023) with interest from Nathan Mayer Rothschild and Moses Montefiore which was subsequently paid off by the British taxpayers (ending in 2015). Hamilton was associated with seven different claims, he owned 671 slaves in Jamaica and received a £11,704 payment at the time (worth £1.4 million in 2023).

Nathan Mayer Rothschild
Nathan Mayer Rothschild (16 September 1777 – 28 July 1836), also known as Baron Nathan Mayer Rothschild, was a British-German banker, businessman and financier. Born in Frankfurt am Main, he was the third of the five sons of Mayer Amschel Rothschild and his wife,  Guttle (née Schnapper). He was the founder of the British branch of the prominent Rothschild family.
Zen lineage charts
Zen lineage charts depict the transmission of the dharma from one generation to another. They developed during the Tang dynasty, incorporating elements from Indian Buddhism and East Asian Mahayana Buddhism, but were first published at the end of the Tang.

Sōtō
Sōtō Zen or the Sōtō school (曹洞宗, Sōtō-shū) is the largest of the three traditional sects of Zen in Japanese Buddhism (the others being Rinzai and Ōbaku). It is the Japanese line of the Chinese Caodong school, which was founded during the Tang dynasty by Dongshan Liangjie. It emphasizes Shikantaza, meditation with no objects, anchors, or content. The meditator strives to be aware of the stream of thoughts, allowing them to arise and pass away without interference.

The Japanese brand of the sect was imported in the 13th century by Dōgen Zenji, who studied Caodong Buddhism (Chinese: 曹洞宗; pinyin: Cáodòng Zōng) abroad in China. Dōgen is remembered today as the ancestor of Sōtō Zen in Japan along with Keizan Jōkin.

With about 14,000 temples, Sōtō is one of the largest Japanese Buddhist organizations. Sōtō Zen is now also popular in the West, and in 1996 priests of the Sōtō Zen tradition formed the Soto Zen Buddhist Association based in North America.
Hoffman Marsh
Hoffman Marsh is a wetlands on San Francisco Bay in Richmond, California.  The marsh has been protected within Eastshore State Park, and adjacent to Point Isabel Regional Shoreline.  The marsh is an important nesting ground for wildfowl and stopping ground on the Pacific Flyway, as it is one of only a handful of undestroyed wetlands in the Bay Area. It borders Point Isabel Regional Shoreline and Interstate 80.

Point Isabel Regional Shoreline
Point Isabel Regional Shoreline in Richmond, California, is operated by East Bay Regional Park District, and is a multi-use park for joggers, windsurfers, kayakers, photographers, picnickers, and people walking dogs. It has access for pedestrians and via public transit, private vehicles, and bikes (although bike-riding within Point Isabel itself is not allowed). It also features a concession offering food for people and grooming for pets. A longtime community organization and nonprofit, Point Isabel Dog Owners and Friends (PIDO), is active in the maintenance and improvement of the park.

Point Isabel was closed from March 31, 2020 to June 1, 2020, as a precaution during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic. Dogs were required to be on-leash during the first week after the reopening but off-leash privileges were restored on June 8, 2020. As throughout East Bay Regional Park District, social distancing measures apply.
Jews and Israelis as animals in Palestinian discourse
Palestinian narratives about Jews and Israelis sometimes zoomorphically portray them as members of non-human species that are considered lowly or loathsome. This kind of dehumanization is commonplace on both sides of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

The dehumanization of Jews and Israelis in Muslim and Arab discourse, and specifically in Palestinian discourse, takes place (among other ways) by portraying them as various animals (or other biological phenomena) that are considered lowly, repugnant, impure and sometimes also harmful or dangerous, such as pigs, monkeys, snakes, vampires, octopuses, rats, spiders, cancer and more.

Al-Hayat al-Jadida
Al-Hayat al-Jadida (Arabic: الحياة الجديدة, lit. 'The New Life') is an official daily newspaper of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). The paper was first published in Gaza City in November 1994. It replaced Falastin Al Thawra as the official media organ of the PNA.
Mammals of New Zealand
Prior to human settlement, the mammals of New Zealand consisted entirely of several species of bat and several dozen marine mammal species. Far earlier, during the Miocene, at least one "archaic" terrestrial mammal species is known to have existed, the Saint Bathans mammal. The Māori brought the kurī (Polynesian Dog) and kiore (Polynesian rat) in about 1250 CE, and Europeans from 1769 onwards brought the pig, mice, two additional species of rats, weasels, stoats, ferrets and possums and many other species, some of which cause conservation problems for indigenous species.

New Zealand greater short-tailed bat
The New Zealand greater short-tailed bat (Mystacina robusta) is one of two species of New Zealand short-tailed bats, a family (Mystacinidae) unique to New Zealand. Larger than the New Zealand lesser short-tailed bat, there have been no confirmed sightings of this species since 1965 and it is considered to be critically endangered, if not extinct. In prehistoric times it lived in the North and South Islands but by the time of European arrival was restricted to small islands near Stewart Island / Rakiura. A rat invasion of Taukihepa/Big South Cape Island in 1963 was thought to have led to the species' extinction, however, recent surveys have raised hopes that the species may still exist.