hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Captain
Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader or highest rank officer of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, etc. In militaries, the captain is typically at the level of an officer commanding a company or battalion of infantry, a ship, or a battery of artillery, or another distinct unit. It can also be a rank of command in an air force. The term also may be used as an informal or honorary title for persons in similar commanding roles.

Katepano
The katepánō (Greek: κατεπάνω, lit. '[the one] placed at the top'  or 'the topmost') was a senior Byzantine military rank and office. The word was Latinized as capetanus/catepan, and its meaning seems to have merged with that of the Italian "capitaneus" (which derives from the Latin word "caput", meaning head). This hybridized term gave rise to the English language term captain and its equivalents in other languages (Capitan, Kapitan, Kapitän, Capitán, Capitano, Kapudan Pasha, etc.)
Eugene A. Philbin
Eugene Ambrose Philbin (July 24, 1857 – March 14, 1920) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was New York County District Attorney from 1900 to 1901 and later served as a justice on the New York Supreme Court.

Manhattan District Attorney
The District Attorney of New York County, commonly known as Manhattan District Attorney, is the elected district attorney for New York County, New York. The office is responsible for the prosecution of violations of New York state laws (federal law violations in Manhattan are prosecuted by the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York). The current district attorney is Alvin Bragg Jr.. He was elected in 2021 to succeed Cyrus Vance Jr.

District attorneys are legally permitted to delegate the prosecution of petty crimes or offenses. Prosecutors do not normally handle New York City Criminal Court summons court cases, and the Manhattan district attorney has a memorandum of understanding with the New York City Police Department allowing their legal bureau to selectively prosecute them.
Jonathan Ayala
Jonathan Ayala Quiñones (born March 3, 1992) is a Puerto Rican professional wrestler, best known by his ring names Diego de Jesús, Sebastián Guerra and ATLAS. He is a graduate of the Savio Vega Wrestling Academy and began his career working for the International Wrestling Association, where he won the IWA World Tag Team Championship in his debut. Ayala later migrated to the World Wrestling Council, where he appeared as a part-time performer.

Germán Figueroa
Germán Figueroa Sullivan (born May 6, 1975) is a Puerto Rican professional wrestler, actor and mixed martial artist better known as "El León" Apollo (alternatively spelled "Apolo") and El León.

Figueroa began performing in Puerto Rico's independent circuit, before entering the International Wrestling Association and World Wrestling Council. Abroad, he has made appearances in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) and Ring Ka King, among others. Figueroa has also been signed to WWE and held an administrative role in World Warriors Wrestling (WWW).
Lower Chehalis people
The Lower Chehalis (/ʃəˈheɪlɪs/ ⓘ shə-HAY-liss) are a Southwestern Coast Salish people indigenous to Washington state. Today, the Lower Chehalis do not maintain a distinct sovereign identity, although people of Lower Chehalis descent are enrolled in several federally recognized tribes, such as the Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe, Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, and the Quinault Indian Nation.

Hoh people
The Hoh or Chalá·at ("Those-Who-Live-on-the-Hoh River" or "People of the Hoh River") are a Native American tribe in western Washington state in the United States. The tribe lives near the Pacific Coast of Washington on the Olympic Peninsula. The Hoh moved onto the Hoh Indian Reservation at the mouth of the Hoh River, on the Pacific Coast of Jefferson County, after the signing of the Quinault Treaty on July 1, 1855. The reservation has a land area of 1.929 square kilometres (477 acres) and a 2000 census resident population of 102 persons, 81 of whom were Native Americans. It lies about halfway between its nearest outside communities of Forks, to its north, and Queets (on the Quinault Indian Reservation), to its south. The river is central to their culture. The main resources they used included cedar trees, salmon, and the nearby vegetation. They also traded and bartered with other tribes closer to Eastern Washington, near the Plateaus and Great Plains.
2019 Drake Bulldogs football team
The 2019 Drake Bulldogs football team represented Drake University as a member of the Pioneer Football League (PFL) during 2019 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by first-year head coach Todd Stepsis, the Bulldogs compiled an overall record of 6–5 with a mark of 6–2 in conference play, tying for second place in the PFL. The team played its home games at Drake Stadium in Des Moines, Iowa.

Todd Stepsis
Todd Stepsis is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach at University of Northern Iowa, a position he has held since the 2025 season. Stepsis served as the head football coach at Drake University from 2019 to 2024.
Bloom County: The Complete Library
Bloom County: The Complete Library is a book series published by The Library of American Comics which collects the complete comic strips Bloom County, Outland and Opus all written and drawn by Berkeley Breathed between 1980 and 2008. The first volume of this series was published in September, 2009, and also received the Eisner award in the category Best Archival Collection/Project—Strips in 2010; in November 2012, the final and seventh volume finished the series.

Eisner Award for Best Archival Collection/Project—Strips
The Eisner Award for Best Archival Collection/Project–Strips is an award for "creative achievement" in American comic books. It has been given out every year since 2006. From 1993 to 2005 an award called Best Archival Collection/Project was awarded between, at which point it was split into two awards, one for comic strips and the other for comic books. To be eligible, the original comics must be at least 20-years old.
Trent Hodkinson
Trent Hodkinson (born 31 August 1988) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played as a halfback in the NRL.

He played for the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles in two separate spells, the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs, Newcastle Knights and the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in the National Rugby League. Hodkinson played for NSW City and New South Wales in the State of Origin series.

Wests Tigers
The Wests Tigers are an Australian rugby league football team, based in the Inner West of Sydney and South Western Sydney. The Tigers have competed in the National Rugby League (NRL) since being formed at the end of the 1999 NRL season as a joint-venture club between the Balmain Tigers and the Western Suburbs Magpies.

The Wests Tigers started playing in the 2000 NRL season and they won their maiden premiership in 2005. The club also won the final edition of the World Sevens in 2004. The club has only qualified for three finals series since their inception (2005, 2010 and 2011).

The Wests Tigers play home games at two grounds: Leichhardt Oval (the home ground of Balmain) and Campbelltown Stadium (the home ground of Western Suburbs). They are currently coached by Benji Marshall.

The interim CEO is currently Shaun Mielekamp.
Dejrit Ithianuchit
Thongplew Srinop (Thai: ทองปลิว ศรีนพ; October 17, 1940 – March 2, 2023), known professionally as Dejrit Ithianuchit (Thai: เดชฤทธิ์ อิทธิอนุชิต), was a Thai professional Muay Thai fighter. He was a three-division Lumpinee Stadium champion who was famous during the 1960s and 1970s.

Apidej Sit-Hirun
Narong Yaenprateep (Thai: ณรงค์ ทรงมณี; September 1941 – April 4, 2013), known professionally as Apidej Sit-Hirun (Thai: อภิเดช ศิษย์หิรัญ), was a Thai professional Muay Thai fighter and boxer. He was a two-time Lumpinee Stadium Welterweight Champion and two-time Rajadamnern Stadium Welterweight Champion who was famous in the 1960s and 1970s. Nicknamed the "Kicker from Bang Nok Khwaek", he is often regarded as one of the greatest fighters and one of the hardest kickers in Muay Thai history.
Jack-O
Jack-O a 1995 American horror film directed and co-produced by Steve Latshaw and executive produced by Fred Olen Ray. It is the third collaboration between Latshaw as director and Ray as executive producer, following 1993's Dark Universe and 1994's Biohazard: The Alien Force.

Jack-O stars Linnea Quigley, Maddisen K. Krown, Gary Doles, Ryan Latshaw and Catherine Walsh, with cameo appearances by John Carradine, Cameron Mitchell (both posthumous appearances) and Brinke Stevens. The film was released direct-to-video.

John Kenneth Muir
John Kenneth Muir (born December 3, 1969) is an American media historian, critic and speculative fiction author. He has written more than 35 reference books in the fields of film and television, with a particular focus on the horror and science fiction genres. He is Department Chair for Humanities and Social Sciences at South Piedmont Community College, North Carolina.
Algerine Seamount
Algerine Seamount is an undersea mountain in the North Atlantic Ocean, located about 560 km (350 mi) south of Cape Race in the northeastern portion of the Sohm Abyssal Plain. Its summit is more than 2,000 m (6,600 ft) below sea level and rises to a height of over 1,200 m (3,900 ft). With an areal extent of 550 km2 (210 mi2), Algerine Seamount is slightly bigger than the Ontarian city of Kingston. To the east, Algerine Seamount is bounded by Birma Seamount.

Algerine Seamount is one of the seven named Fogo Seamounts. Its name is derived from SS Algerine, a Newfoundland steamship that participated in the recovery efforts following the sinking of the RMS Titanic. She had recovered one body after spending 3 weeks searching the area.

Fogo Seamounts
The Fogo Seamounts, also called the Fogo Seamount Chain, are a group of undersea mountains southeast of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland in the North Atlantic Ocean. This seamount chain, lying approximately 500 km (310 mi) offshore from the island of Newfoundland, consists of several submarine volcanoes that have been extinct for millions of years. They are one of the few seamount chains located in Canadian waters off the coast of Atlantic Canada.
Pill Heath
Pill Heath is a hamlet in the civil parish of Tangley situated in the North Wessex Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in the Test Valley district of Hampshire, England. According to the Post Office the population of the hamlet at the 2011 Census was in the civil parish of Hurstbourne Tarrant.   Its nearest town is Andover, which lies approximately 4.7 miles (7.6 km) south-east from the hamlet.

Test Valley
Test Valley is a local government district with borough status in Hampshire, England, named after the valley of the River Test. The council is based in the borough's largest town of Andover. The borough also contains the town of Romsey and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. A small part of the borough at its southern end lies within the New Forest National Park, and part of the borough north of Andover lies within the North Wessex Downs, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are Basingstoke and Deane, Winchester, and Eastleigh to the east, Southampton and New Forest to the south, Wiltshire to the west and West Berkshire to the north.
Nisei
Nisei (二世, "second generation") is a Japanese-language term used as an ethnic generational identifier in countries in North America and South America to specify the ethnically Japanese children born in the new country to Japanese-born immigrants, or Issei. The Nisei, or second generation, in turn are the parents of the Sansei, or third generation. These Japanese-language terms derive from ichi, ni, san, "one, two, three", the ordinal numbers used with sei (see Japanese numerals). Though nisei means "second-generation immigrant", it more specifically often refers to the children of the initial diaspora, occurring during the period of the Empire of Japan in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and overlapping in the U.S. with the G.I. and silent generations.

Greatest Generation
The Greatest Generation, also known as the G.I. Generation and the World War II Generation, is  the demographic cohort following the Lost Generation and preceding the Silent Generation. This generation is generally defined as people born from 1901 to 1927. They were shaped by the Great Depression and were the primary generation composing the enlisted forces in World War II.
Miriam Yeung (activist)
Miriam W. Yeung is the former executive director of the National Asian Pacific American Women's Forum, former Director of Public Policy and Government Relations at the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Community Center in New York City, affiliate of the Social Transformation Project, and co-founder/co-chair/delegate for the We Belong Together Campaign. In 2017, she served as Smith College's Activist-in-Residence. She has served on the boards of Queers for Economic Justice and Generations Ahead, acted as a spokesperson for the National Coalition for Immigrant Women's Rights, and has written for Open Society Foundations, Huffington Post, Washington Post, and scholarly journals, including Barnard Center for Research on Women's Scholar & Feminist Online and UC Berkeley's California Journal of Politics and Policy.

Cornell Law School
Cornell Law School is the law school of Cornell University, a private, Ivy League university in Ithaca, New York.

One of the five Ivy League law schools, Cornell Law School offers four degree programs (JD, LLM, MSLS and JSD) along with several dual-degree programs in conjunction with other professional schools at the university. It was established in 1887 as Cornell University's Department of Law. Currently, the school graduates around 200 students each year.

Cornell Law School is home to the Legal Information Institute (LII), the Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, the Cornell Law Review, the Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy, and the Cornell International Law Journal.
Siege of Kannomine
The 1554 siege of Kannomine was one of many battles fought in Takeda Shingen's campaign to seize control of Shinano Province. This took place during Japan's Sengoku period; Shingen was one of many feudal lords (daimyōs) who battled to gain land and power.

Kannomine was located in the Ina valley in Japan's Shinano province; it was commanded by Yoritomo Chiku, and was taken just prior to the sieges of Matsuo and Yoshioka.

Shinano Province
Shinano Province (信濃国, Shinano no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [ɕiꜜ.na.no (no kɯ.ɲi), ɕi.na.noꜜ-]) or Shinshū (信州, [ɕiꜜɰ̃.ɕɯː]) is an old province of Japan that is now Nagano Prefecture.

Shinano bordered Echigo, Etchū, Hida, Kai, Kōzuke, Mikawa, Mino, Musashi, Suruga, and Tōtōmi Provinces. The ancient capital was located near modern-day Matsumoto, which became an important city of the province.

The World War II-era Japanese aircraft carrier Shinano was named after this old province.
George Doyle
George Doyle is a former Gaelic footballer and manager from County Laois.

He played on the Laois senior football team throughout the 1990s, primarily as a defender but also in midfield. During that period he was also selected to play on the Leinster team.

In 1991, he played on the Laois team beaten by Meath in the final of the Leinster Senior Football Championship.

In 1993, he was a member of the Laois team that won the All-Ireland Senior "B" Football Championship, while he won two O'Byrne Cup medals with Laois in 1991 and 1994.

With his club Courtwood, Doyle won a Laois Junior Football Championship in 1986 and a Laois Intermediate Football Championship in 1987.

He was manager of the Laois under 21 Football team in 2005 and of the Laois minor football team in 2012 and 2013.

Manager (Gaelic games)
In Gaelic games, a manager or (in Irish) bainisteoir is involved in the direction and instruction of the on-field operations of a team. The role entails the application of sport tactics and strategies during the game itself, and usually entails substitution of players and other such actions as needed. At games, the manager may sometimes wear a bib with the word "manager" or "bainisteoir" adorning it. Many managers were former players themselves, and are assisted in coaching the team by a group of selectors (in Irish roghnóirí).
Eidsvatnet
Eidsvatnet is a lake on the border of Høylandet Municipality and Overhalla Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The 15.87-square-kilometre (6.13 sq mi) lake lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northeast of the village of Skogmo. The lake empties into the river Bjøra which flows a short distance into the large river Namsen.

Namsen
Namsen (Norwegian) or Nååmesje (Southern Sami) is one of the longest rivers in Trøndelag county, in the central part of Norway.  The 228-kilometre (142 mi) long river flows through the municipalities of Røyrvik, Namsskogan, Grong, Overhalla, and Namsos before emptying into the Namsenfjorden. The river is the namesake for the whole Namdalen region. The river traditionally has been used for floating timber down from the forests to the town of Namsos, where the sawmills were located. Today, parts of the Namsen are regulated by several dams.
Carex debilior
Carex debilior is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family Cyperaceae. The specific epithet derives from the Latin debilis ("weak" or "feeble"), with reference to the species having weaker culms than Carex austrocompacta.

Carex austrocompacta
Carex austrocompacta, commonly known as compact hook sedge, is a sedge that is found in south eastern parts of Australia and on many sub-antarctic islands, including Crozet Island and Kerguelen Island.
Chelow kabab
Chelow kebab or chelow kabab (Persian: چلوکباب [t͡ʃʰeˌlow.kʰæˈbɒːb]) is an Iranian dish consisting of steamed rice (chelow) and one of the many varieties of Iranian kebab. It is considered the national dish of Iran, and was probably created during the time of the Qajar dynasty.

Chelow kabab is served with accompaniments such as butter, sumac powder, basil, onions, and grilled tomatoes. The traditional beverage accompanied with chelow kebab is doogh, an Iranian yogurt-based drink, sometimes made of carbonated water.

In the old bazaar tradition, the rice and accompaniments are served first, immediately followed by the kababs, which are threaded on skewers, as well as a piece of flat bread (typically lavash). A skewer is placed directly on the rice and while holding the kabab down on the rice with the bread, the skewer is quickly pulled out.

Lavash
Lavash (Armenian: լավաշ; Persian: لواش, romanized: lavâš) is a thin flatbread usually leavened, traditionally baked in a tandoor (tonir or tanoor) or on a sajj, and common to the cuisines of South Caucasus, West Asia, and the areas surrounding the Caspian Sea. Lavash is one of the most widespread types of bread in Armenia. The traditional recipe can be adapted to the modern kitchen by using a griddle or wok instead of the tonir.

In 2014, "Lavash, the preparation, meaning and appearance of traditional bread as an expression of culture in Armenia" was inscribed in the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. In 2016, the making and sharing of flatbread (lavash, katyrma, jupka or yufka) in communities of Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkey was inscribed on the list as well. Lavash is similar to yufka, but in Turkish cuisine lavash (lavaş) is prepared with a yeast dough while yufka is typically unleavened.
Ski Santa Fe
Ski Santa Fe or Santa Fe Ski Basin is a medium-sized ski resort located in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States, 16 miles east of the state capital of Santa Fe. It includes 8 lifts and 88 runs at elevations of over 10,000 feet (3,000 m). It is the southernmost major ski resort of the Rocky Mountains, and one of the oldest and highest in the nation.

Santa Fe County, New Mexico
Santa Fe County (Spanish: Condado de Santa Fe; meaning "County of the Holy faith" in Spanish) is a county located in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, its population was 154,823, making it New Mexico's third-most populous county, after Bernalillo County and Doña Ana County. Its county seat is Santa Fe, the state capital.

Santa Fe County includes the Santa Fe metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Las Vegas combined statistical area.
Pharmacognosy Reviews
Pharmacognosy Reviews is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal published by Pharmacognosy Network Worldwide (Phcog.net). The journal publishes articles on the subject of pharmacognosy, natural products, and phytochemistry. It is indexed with Caspur, EBSCO, ProQuest, and Scopus.

Phcog.net appeared on Beall's list of predatory open-access journals from October 2012 through September 12, 2015.

Pharmacognosy
Pharmacognosy is the study of crude drugs obtained from medicinal plants, animals, fungi, and other natural sources. The American Society of Pharmacognosy defines pharmacognosy as "the study of the physical, chemical, biochemical, and biological properties of drugs, drug substances, or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources".
Languages of Guinea
The Republic of Guinea is a multilingual country, with over 40 languages spoken. The official language is French.

Several indigenous languages have been given the status of national languages: Fula (or Pular); Malinké (or Maninka); Susu; Kissi; Kpelle (also known in French as Guerzé) and Loma.

Guinea is a Francophone country, where, as of 2024, 4.11 million (27.83%) out of 14.76 million people speak French.

Susu language
Susu (endonym: Susu: Sosoxui; French: Soussou) is the language of the Susu or Soso people of Guinea and Sierra Leone, West Africa. It is in the Mande language family, and its closest relative is Yalunka.

It is one of the national languages of Guinea and spoken mainly in the coastal region of the country.
Statistical model specification
In statistics, model specification is part of the process of building a statistical model: specification consists of selecting an appropriate functional form for the model and choosing which variables to include. For example, given personal income  together with years of schooling  and on-the-job experience , we might specify a functional relationship  as follows:

where  is the unexplained error term that is supposed to comprise independent and identically distributed Gaussian variables.

The statistician Sir David Cox has said, "How [the] translation from subject-matter problem to statistical model is done is often the most critical part of an analysis".

Dependent and independent variables
A variable is considered dependent if it depends on (or is hypothesized to depend on) an independent variable. Dependent variables are the outcome of the  test they depend, by some law or rule (e.g., by a mathematical function), on. Independent variables, on the other hand, are not seen as depending on any other variable in the scope of the experiment in question. Rather, they are controlled by the experimenter.