hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Moraxella catarrhalis
Moraxella catarrhalis is a fastidious, nonmotile, Gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase-positive diplococcus that can cause infections of the respiratory system, middle ear, eye, central nervous system, and joints of humans. It causes the infection of the host cell by sticking to the host cell using trimeric autotransporter adhesins.

Beta-lactamase
Beta-lactamases (β-lactamases)  are enzymes (EC 3.5.2.6) produced by bacteria that provide multi-resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins, monobactams and carbapenems (ertapenem), although carbapenems are relatively resistant to beta-lactamase. Beta-lactamase provides antibiotic resistance by breaking the antibiotics' structure. These antibiotics all have a common element in their molecular structure: a four-atom ring known as a beta-lactam (β-lactam) ring. Through hydrolysis, the enzyme lactamase breaks the β-lactam ring open, deactivating the molecule's antibacterial properties.

Beta-lactamases produced by gram-negative bacteria are usually secreted, especially when antibiotics are present in the environment.
Pinctada margaritifera
Pinctada margaritifera, commonly known as the black-lip pearl oyster, is a species of pearl oyster, a saltwater mollusk, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Pteriidae. This species is common in the Indo-Pacific within tropical coral reefs.

The ability of P. margaritifera to produce pearls means that the species is a valuable resource to humans. The oysters are harvested wild from coral reefs and are also commonly grown in aquaculture, both primarily taking place in the Indo-Pacific region.

Pteriidae
Pteriidae, also called the feather oysters, is a family of medium-sized to large saltwater oysters. They are pearl oysters, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Pteriida.

Some of the species in this family are important economically as the source of saltwater pearls.
Ilya Starinov
Colonel Ilya Grigoryevich Starinov (Russian: Илья Григорьевич Старинов; 2 August [O.S. 20 July] 1900, village of Voynovo, today's Oryol Oblast – 18 November 2000) was a Soviet military officer, the most famous Soviet saboteur.

Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don, or simply Rostov, is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, 32 kilometers (20 mi) from the Sea of Azov, directly north of the North Caucasus. The southwestern suburbs of the city lie above the Don river delta. Rostov-on-Don has a population of over one million people and is an important cultural, educational, economic and logistical centre of Southern Russia.
Mount Golub
Mount Golub is a prominent 4,194 ft (1,280 m) mountain summit located in the Chilkat Range of the Saint Elias Mountains, in the U.S. state of Alaska. This peak is situated 29 miles (47 km) northwest of Juneau, and 2 mi (3 km) west of Lynn Canal, on land managed by Tongass National Forest. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant since Mount Golub rises above tidewater in less than two miles. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1972 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names to commemorate Harvey Golub (1930–1971), member of the 1968 first ascent party. Other members of the party were Richard Folta, Delbert Carnes, and Keith Hart. Hart submitted the name for consideration following the September 4, 1971, untimely death of Harvey Golub who perished in the Alaska Airlines Flight 1866 disaster. That flight, which took all 111 lives aboard, crashed in a canyon approximately seven miles south of his namesake mountain.

Alaska Airlines Flight 1866
Alaska Airlines Flight 1866 was a regularly scheduled passenger flight operated by Alaska Airlines from Anchorage, Alaska, to Seattle, Washington, with several intermediate stops in southeast Alaska.  The aircraft was a Boeing 727-100 with U.S. registry N2969G manufactured in 1966. On September 4, 1971, the aircraft operating the flight crashed into a mountain in Haines Borough, about 18 miles west of Juneau, Alaska, while on approach for landing. All 111 people aboard were killed. The subsequent investigation found that erroneous navigation readouts led the crew to descend prematurely. No definitive cause for the misleading data was found. It was the first fatal jet aircraft crash involving Alaska Airlines, and remained the deadliest single-aircraft accident in United States history until June 24, 1975, when Eastern Air Lines Flight 66 crashed. It is still, however, the worst air disaster in Alaska state history.
Lady Killer Wham-Bam Rook
In the Japanese strategy board game shogi, the Lady Killer Wham-Bam Rook or Lady Killer Rushing Rook (女殺しドッカン飛車 onnagoroshi dokkan hisha) or Oniroku Dan Dokkan Rook (鬼六流ドッカン飛車 or 鬼六流どっかん飛車 dan oniroku-ryuu dokkan hisha) is a surprise opening that was used by BDSM pornography author Oniroku Dan to defeat a woman professional shogi player.

The opening is basically a Ranging Rook opening played against a Static Rook opponent, which plans for an Opposing Rook position with the threat of a bishop trade.

Static Rook
Static Rook (居飛車 ibisha) openings is one of two major opening strategies in shogi. In the opening, the major piece of the rook fights from its starting position on the right side of the board (the 2nd file for Black, Sente, and the 8th file for White, Gote). In contrast, the other major opening deploys the rook to the center or left half of the board in the opening, and is known as Ranging Rook or Swinging Rook (振り飛車 furibisha).
Leiden Bio Science Park
The Leiden Bio Science Park (LBSP) is the largest life sciences cluster in the Netherlands and ranks in the top five of the most successful science parks in Europe. It is part of  Leiden and Oegstgeest and focuses on companies and universities in the Biotechnology sector.

The park comprises 110 hectares (270 acres) with over 215 organisations, including 150 Life Sciences & Health companies. The park is located mostly in Leiden and lies between Wassenaarseweg on the north and the Plesmanlaan on the south.

The park focuses mostly on the use of biotechnology for medical and biopharmaceutical applications.

Leiden University Medical Center
Leiden University Medical Center (Dutch: Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum) or LUMC is the university hospital affiliated with Leiden University, of which it forms the medical faculty. It is located in Leiden, Netherlands. LUMC is a modern university medical center for research, education and patient care. Its research practice ranges from pure fundamental medical research to applied clinical research.
Xanthoparmelia lineola
Xanthoparmelia lineola, commonly known as the tight rock-shield, is a foliose lichen species in the genus Xanthoparmelia. It is a common species with a temperate distribution. Found in North America and South Africa, it grows on rocks.

Salazinic acid
Salazinic acid is a depsidone with a lactone ring. It is found in some lichens, and is especially prevalent in Parmotrema and Bulbothrix, where its presence or absence is often used to help classify species in those genera.
Shiva Nepali
Shiva Nepali is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Rastriya Swatantra Party. He is currently serving as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election he was elected as a proportional representative from the Dalit people category.

2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal
The Second Federal Parliament of Nepal, was elected by the 2022 general elections on 20 November 2022. The elections elected 275 Members of Parliament (MPs), 165 for each constituency and 110 through the party list, to the House of Representatives. The parliament convened for the first time on 9 January 2023 and was dissolved on 12 September 2025 following the 2025 Gen Z protests.
Han Gyeong-hee
Han Gyeong-hee (Korean: 한경희; born 9 July 1992) is a South Korean archer. She represented the Korean national women's team from 2009 to 2011.

Han was part of the women's teams that won the London Archery Classic, the test event for the 2012 Olympics, the 2011 Summer Universiade, the 2009 Youth Archery World Championships, and stages one and two of the 2011 Archery World Cup. She also won the individual championship of stage one of the 2011 Archery World Cup, and achieved a career high ranking of no. 2 in September 2011.

2011 Archery World Cup
The 2011 Archery World Cup was the 6th edition of the annual international archery circuit, organised by the World Archery Federation. The best individual and mixed performers in each discipline over the three legs then joined host representatives in qualifying for the finals.
Gibraltar Group
The Gibraltar Group of sixth rates were basically repeats of the Maidstone Group. Ten ships were ordered with one of a slightly different design (but basically the same) and another added in 1711, for a total of twelve vessels. Their armament was similar as were the dimensions of the vessels. They were constructed between 1710 and 1716.

Maidstone Group
Before 1688 no sixth rate carried more than 20 guns. At the start of the Anglo-French War in 1688 the British captured four 20 plus gunned French vessels, that were rated by the French as sixth rates. The British Admiralty submitted a requirement to the Navy Board for a 'standard' sixth rate of 20 guns on the upper deck with four smaller guns on the quarterdeck. The vessel proposed by the Navy Board had an estimated cost of £1,676.10.0d per ship with another £2,513 for materials for completion. Initially fourteen ships were ordered, Batch 1 of four vessels in July 1693, Batch 2 of eight vessels in spring 1694, Batch 3 of two vessels in March 1695 with a further four in 1696. This first standardized group of sixth rates became known as the Maidstone Group.
Highland Park, Los Angeles
Highland Park is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California, located in the city's Northeast region. It was one of the first subdivisions of Los Angeles and is inhabited by a variety of ethnic and socioeconomic groups.

Interstate 110 and California State Route 110
Route 110, consisting of State Route 110 (SR 110) and Interstate 110 (I-110), is a state and auxiliary Interstate Highway in the Los Angeles metropolitan area of the US state of California. The entire route connects San Pedro and the Port of Los Angeles with Downtown Los Angeles and Pasadena. The southern segment from San Pedro to I-10 in downtown Los Angeles is signed as I-110, while the northern segment to Pasadena is signed as SR 110. The entire length of I-110, as well as SR 110 south of the Four Level Interchange with US Route 101 (US 101), is the Harbor Freeway, and SR 110 north from US 101 to Pasadena is the historic Arroyo Seco Parkway, the first freeway in the western United States.
HMS Perseus (1776)
HMS Perseus was a 20-gun (later 26-gun) sixth-rate Sphinx-class post ship of the Royal Navy which saw service as a privateer-hunter in the American Revolutionary War between 1776 and 1783, and as a bomb vessel in the French Revolutionary Wars between 1794 and 1801.

Sphinx-class post ship
The Sphinx-class sailing sixth rates were a series of ten post ships built to a 1773 design by John Williams. Although smaller than true frigates, post ships were often referred to incorrectly as frigates by sea officers, but not by the Admiralty or Navy Board.

The first vessel in the class was launched in 1775, six more in 1776, two in 1777 and the last in 1781. The vessels of the class served in the Royal Navy during the American Revolutionary War. Three of them - Sphinx and Ariel in September 1779, and Unicorn in September 1780 - were captured by the French Navy, but Sphinx was recovered in December 1779 and Unicorn in April 1781. Some survived to see service in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.
Motillas
The motillas were the early settlements of La Mancha (Spain) belonging to the Middle Bronze Age, and connected to the Bronze of Levante culture. These were human-made hills atop of which are placed fortified settlements. Their height is usually between four and five meters and the motillas are separated from each other by a distance of four to five kilometers. Their construction started c. 2200 BCE and they were used for about 1000 years.

El Argar
El Argar is an archeological site for the Early Bronze Age Argaric culture developed in the municipality of Antas, in Almeria (south-eastern end of the Iberian Peninsula) which was believed to have been active from about 2200 BC to 1500 BC. It is part of the archaeological zone of El Argar and La Gerundia, and it gives name to the Argaric culture.
GER Class E72
The GER Class E72 was a class of ten 0-6-0 steam locomotives designed by S. D. Holden for the Great Eastern Railway. They all passed to the London and North Eastern Railway at the 1923 grouping and received the classification J18.

0-6-0
0-6-0 is the Whyte notation designation for steam locomotives with a wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. Historically, this was the most common wheel arrangement used on both tender and tank locomotives in versions with both inside and outside cylinders.

In the United Kingdom, the Whyte notation of wheel arrangement was also often used for the classification of electric and diesel-electric locomotives with side-rod coupled driving wheels. Under the UIC classification, popular in Europe, this wheel arrangement is written as C if the wheels are coupled with rods or gears, or Co if they are independently driven, the latter usually being electric and diesel-electric locomotives.
Bhoot (film)
Bhoot (transl. Ghost) is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language supernatural horror film directed by Ram Gopal Varma and stars an ensemble cast of Ajay Devgn, Urmila Matondkar, Nana Patekar, Rekha, Fardeen Khan(in a cameo) and Tanuja. It is the second horror film made by Ram Gopal Verma after Raat. The film was perceived to be different from a typical Hindi film as it did not feature the songs composed for it. The film was later dubbed in Telugu as 12 Va Anthasthu and remade in Tamil as Shock.

Bhoot was a box-office hit. Urmila won several accolades and awards for her performance as a possessed wife. Over the years, it has been considered one of the best Bollywood horror films of all time. Verma made a sequel called Bhoot Returns which was released on 12 October 2012.

Bollywood Movie Awards
The Bollywood Movie Awards was an annual film award ceremony held between 1999 and 2007 in Long Island, New York, United States, celebrating films and actors from the Bollywood film industry based in Mumbai, India.
Kampong Tiong Bahru
Kampong Tiong Bahru (Chinese: 甘榜中峇鲁) is a subzone within the planning area of Bukit Merah, Singapore, as defined by the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA). Its boundary is made up of the Ayer Rajah Expressway (AYE) in the south; Kampong Bahru Road in the east; Jalan Bukit Merah in the north; and Lower Delta Road in the west.

Jalan Bukit Merah, Singapore
Jalan Bukit Merah (Chinese: 红山路) is a major arterial road in Singapore. The road starts from the junction of Alexandra Road and Queensway in the west before ending at the junction of Kampong Bahru Road.
James Cracknell
James Edward Cracknell, OBE (born 5 May 1972) is a British rowing  and endurance athlete, double Olympic gold medalist and winner of six world championship titles. Cracknell was appointed OBE for "services to sport" in the 2005 New Year Honours List.

World Rowing U19 Championships
The World Rowing U19 Championships, former name World Rowing Junior Championships is an international rowing regatta organized by FISA (the International Rowing Federation).  A rower or coxswain shall be classified as a Junior until 31 December of the year in which he reaches the age of 18. After that date, he shall be classified as an Under 23 rower. During Olympic years it is held at the same location as the Senior World Rowing Championships.

The first FISA Youth Regatta was held in 1967 and has been held every year since then, being raised to the status of FISA Junior Champs in 1970 and Junior World Champs in 1985.

Many European countries send athletes not up to the standard for World Championships to the Coupe de la Jeunesse.
Duketon Gold Project
The Duketon Gold Project is a gold mining operation located between 100 km (62 mi) and 130 km (81 mi) north of Laverton. It is owned by the Australian mining company Regis Resources.

The Duketon Gold Project consists of two operation centres: the Duketon North Operations, consisting of the Moolart Well Gold Mine, and the Duketon South Operations, consisting of the Garden Well Gold Mine and the Rosemont Gold Mine, all located within a 30 km (19 mi) radius from each other.

Apart from the Duketon Gold Project, Regis Resources also holds a 30 percent stake in the Tropicana Gold Mine, having acquired it in May 2021 for A$903 million.

Laverton, Western Australia
Laverton, originally known as British Flag, is a town in the Goldfields region of Western Australia, and the centre of administration for the Shire of Laverton. The town of Laverton is located at the western edge of the Great Victoria Desert, 957 kilometres (595 mi) north-northeast of the state capital, Perth, and 124 kilometres (77 mi) east-northeast of the town of Leonora, with an elevation of 461 metres (1,512 ft).

About 20% of the population is of Aboriginal descent. The area is semi-arid, with a mean annual rainfall of 233 millimetres (9.2 in). It is also quite warm, with mean daily maximum temperatures ranging from 17 °C (62 °F) in July to 36 °C (97 °F) in January.

Laverton is the westernmost town on the Outback Way – a proposed highway which goes through the Northern Territory to Winton in outback Queensland.
Martina Kisková
Martina Kisková (née Živorová, born 27 June 1975) is a Slovak engineer, she was First Lady of Slovakia, and wife of President Andrej Kiska. Kisková, who became First Lady in 2014 at the age of 38, is the country's youngest first lady in its history.

First ladies and gentlemen of Slovakia
First lady of Slovakia or first gentleman of Slovakia (Prvá Dáma in Slovak) is the title attributed to the wife or husband of the president of Slovakia.  The country's most recent first gentleman is Juraj Rizman, partner of President Zuzana Čaputová, who held the position from 2020 to 2024.

The position should not be confused with the husband or wife of the prime minister of Slovakia.
House of the Huangcheng Chancellor
The House of the Huangcheng Chancellor, also known by its Chinese name, Huangcheng Xiangfu, is a 10-hectare (25-acre) walled estate on Phoenix Hill (Fenghuangshan) comprising Huangcheng, a village occupying a hollow above the Changhe Valley between Yangcheng and Jincheng in southeastern Shanxi, China. It is composed of numerous siheyuan-style courtyards built into the side of a hill, overlooked by defensive towers and enclosed by high crenellated walls that divide it into two sections. The fortifications were built in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

It has been called the "greatest cultural residence in North China". China's National Tourism Administration gave it a AAAAA rating in 2011.

Courtyard
A courtyard or court is a circumscribed area, often surrounded by a building or complex, that is open to the sky.

Courtyards are common elements in both Western and Eastern building patterns and have been used by both ancient and contemporary architects as a typical and traditional building feature. Such spaces in inns and public buildings were often the primary meeting places for some purposes, leading to the other meanings of court. Both of the words court and yard derive from the same root, meaning an enclosed space. See yard and garden for the relation of this set of words. In universities courtyards are often known as quadrangles.
History of the Polish Air Force
The Polish Air Force, the aerial warfare branch of the Polish Armed Forces, traces its origins to the second half of 1917 and was officially established in the months following the end of World War I in 1918.

Bréguet 19
The Breguet 19 (Breguet XIX, Br.19 or Bre.19) was a sesquiplane bomber and reconnaissance aircraft which was also used for long-distance flights and was designed by the French Breguet company and produced from 1924.
Olaf Watnebryn
Olaf Fredrik Watnebryn (4 November 1908 – 6 June 1977) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from the Market towns of Buskerud county in 1945, and was re-elected on four occasions.

Watnebryn was born in Drammen and a member of Drammen city council in 1934–1937, and of its executive committee in the periods 1937–1940 and 1945–1947. His career in politics ended with the post of County Governor of Buskerud, which he held from 1962 to 1969.

Drammen
Drammen (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈdrɑ̀mːən] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. The port and river city of Drammen is centrally located in the south-eastern and most populated part of Norway. Drammen municipality also includes smaller towns and villages such as Konnerud, Svelvik, Mjøndalen and Skoger.
Gee-Ann Abrahan
Gianina Maria Sta. Maria Abrahan-Perz (born November 6, 1985), also known as Gee-Ann Abrahan, is a Filipino actress and former reality show contestant. She came to prominence from her stint in the second season of Pinoy Big Brother, hailed as the fourth Big Placer, placing behind Wendy Valdez, Mickey Perz and season winner Beatriz Saw.

Viva Communications
Viva Communications Inc., also known as Viva Entertainment Inc. and simply Viva (stylized in all caps) is a Philippine-based media company and private conglomerate headquartered in Ortigas Center, Pasig. It was founded in 1981 by Vic del Rosario Jr. and his sister Tess Cruz.
Russia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2020
Russia was represented at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2020 which took place on 29 November 2020, in Warsaw, Poland. The Russian broadcaster All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (VGTRK) was responsible for organising their entry for the contest. Sofia Feskova won the national final on 25 September 2020 with the song "Moy novy den". The representative of Russia in 2020, Sofia Feskova, placed 10th place with 88 points.

Russia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2019
Russia was represented at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2019 which took place on 24 November 2019 in Gliwice, Poland. The Russian broadcaster All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (VGTRK) was responsible for organising their entry for the contest. Tatyana Mezhentseva and Denberel Oorzhak won the national final on 24 September 2019 with the song "Vremya dlya nas". The Russian organisation team later opted to change the name of the song to "A Time for Us".
Swimming at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Men's 400 metre freestyle
The men's 400 m freestyle swimming events for the 2016 Summer Paralympics took place at the  Olympic Aquatics Stadium from 8 to 15 September. A total of seven events were contested for seven different classifications.

Swimming at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Swimming at the 2016 Paralympic Games was held from 8 to 17 September 2016 at Rio Olympic Aquatics Stadium. The competition consisted of 152 events, across multiple classifications, and all swum in a long course (50-metre) pool. Up to 600 swimmers (340 males, 260 females) competed in the Games. With 152 events, swimming came second only to athletics as the largest sport at the 2016 Games.
Podkilavac
Podkilavac is a village in Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Croatia, just to the north of Dražice and approximately 8 km to the north of Rijeka. Administratively, it is part of the municipality of Jelenje. As of 2021, it had a population of 328.

Jelenje
Jelenje is a village and municipality in the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County in western Croatia. As of 2021, the municipality had a population of 5,096 with 94.6% Croats. The village itself had an urban population of 395.