hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nortonland
Nortonland is a British television clip show that aired on digital channel Challenge, and was based on games played on Graham Norton's Channel 4 show V Graham Norton. It began airing on 6 August 2007 and aired at 11pm on Monday to Thursday.

The show is set around a fictional animated theme park called "Nortonland" in which a tour guide takes the viewer around the theme park to show a selection of games. About three games are played in one half-hour episode. Whilst Norton owns half of the company that produces the show, SO Television, he is not seen to be at all affiliated with the show, except for starring in the clips.

One such episode was accidentally broadcast in a 16:9 widescreen format, giving Challenge viewers a very rare chance to view a widescreen programme that is not cropped into a 14:9 picture. Challenge now broadcasts full-time in widescreen. The final few episodes broadcast were actually repeats of episodes broadcast earlier in the series.

Clip show
A clip show is an episode of a television series that consists primarily of excerpts from previous episodes. Most clip shows include a frame story in which cast members recall events from past installments of the show, depicted with a clip of the event presented as a flashback.  Clip shows are also known as cheaters, particularly in the field of animation. Clip shows are often played before series finales as a way to summarize the entire series, or once syndication becomes highly likely as a way to increase the number of episodes that can be sold. Other times, however, clip shows are simply produced for budgetary reasons (e.g. to avoid additional costs from shooting in a certain setting, or from casting actors to appear in new material).
The Equalizer (soundtrack)
The Equalizer (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack to the 2014 film The Equalizer starring Denzel Washington and directed by Antoine Fuqua. Featuring musical score composed by Harry Gregson-Williams and performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony, the soundtrack was released through Varèse Sarabande on September 23, 2014.

The Equalizer (film)
The Equalizer is a 2014 American vigilante action-thriller film directed by Antoine Fuqua and written by Richard Wenk. It is based on the 1980s TV series of the same title and the first of three films starring Denzel Washington. The cast includes Marton Csokas, Chloë Grace Moretz, David Harbour, Bill Pullman and Melissa Leo. Washington plays Robert McCall, a retired Marine and former DIA officer, who reluctantly returns to action to protect a teenage trafficking victim from the members of the Russian mafia.

Principal photography took place in Massachusetts from May 2013 to September 2013. The world premiere for The Equalizer was held at 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on September 7, 2014, and it was released worldwide on September 26, 2014. The film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $192.3 million worldwide. The sequels, The Equalizer 2 and The Equalizer 3, were released on July 20, 2018, and September 1, 2023, respectively.
Hauptwache (Frankfurt am Main)
The Hauptwache (German pronunciation: [ˈhaʊptˌvaxə] ⓘ, lit. 'Main Guardroom') is a central point of Frankfurt am Main and is one of the most famous plazas (German: An der Hauptwache) in the city. The original name Schillerplatz was superseded in the early 1900s. It lies to the west of Konstablerwache with both squares linked by the Zeil, the central shopping area of the city.

Bombing of Frankfurt in World War II
Bombing of Frankfurt am Main by the Allies of World War II killed about 5,500 residents and destroyed the largest half-timbered historical city centre in Germany. The Eighth Air Force dropped 12,197 tons of explosives on the city.

In the 1939–45 period the Royal Air Force (RAF) dropped 15,696 long tons (15,948 t) of bombs on Frankfurt.

Post-war reconstruction generally used modern architecture, and a few landmark buildings were rebuilt in a simple historical style. The first building to be rebuilt was the 1789 Paulskirche (St. Paul's Church).
Fascia of perineum
The fascia of perineum (deep perineal fascia, superficial investing fascia of perineum or Gallaudet fascia) is the fascia which covers the muscles of the superficial perineal pouch.  The muscles surrounded by the deep perineal fascia are the bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus, and superficial transverse perineal.
The fascia is attached laterally to the ischiopubic rami and fused anteriorly with the suspensory ligament of the penis or clitoris.  It is continuous anteriorly with the deep investing fascia of the abdominal wall muscles, and in males, it is continuous with Buck's fascia.

Fascia
A fascia (/ˈfæʃ(i)ə/; pl.: fasciae /ˈfæʃii/ or fascias; adjective fascial; from Latin  fascia 'band') is a generic term for macroscopic membranous bodily structures.: 42  Fasciae are classified as superficial, visceral or deep, and further designated according to their anatomical location.

The knowledge of fascial structures is essential in surgery, as they create borders for infectious processes (for example Psoas abscess) and haematoma. An increase in pressure may result in a compartment syndrome, where a prompt fasciotomy may be necessary. For this reason, profound descriptions of fascial structures are available in anatomical literature from the 19th century.
Dehdari-ye Shurab
Dehdari-ye Shurab (Persian: دهداري شوراب, also Romanized as Dehdārī-ye Shūrāb; also known as Dehdārī) is a village in Siyakh Darengun Rural District, in the Central District of Shiraz County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 205, in 47 families.

Siyakh Rural District
Siyakh Rural District (Persian: دهستان سیاخ) is in Siyakh Darengun District of Shiraz County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Bab Ayur. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kedenj.
Immersion (virtual reality)
In virtual reality (VR), immersion is the perception of being physically present in a non-physical world. The perception is created by surrounding the user of the VR system in images, sound or other stimuli that provide an engrossing total environment.

Six degrees of freedom
Six degrees of freedom (6DOF), or sometimes six degrees of movement, refers to the six mechanical degrees of freedom of movement of a rigid body in three-dimensional space. Specifically, the body is free to change position as forward/backward (surge), up/down (heave), left/right (sway) translation in three perpendicular axes, combined with changes in orientation through rotation about three perpendicular axes, often termed yaw (normal axis), pitch (transverse axis), and roll (longitudinal axis).

Three degrees of freedom (3DOF), a term often used in the context of virtual reality, typically refers to tracking of rotational motion only: pitch, yaw, and roll.
HKS-1
The HKS-1 was a German 19 19 m (62.3 ft) span high performance two seat sailplane, designed around 1950 to use recent advances in laminar flow airfoils.  To avoid premature transition from laminar flow caused by surface interruptions, the HKS-1 dispensed with hinged ailerons, flaps and spoilers and replaced them with a flexible trailing edge. Two were built, setting several records.

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
Assassination of Shuja Khanzada
On 16 August 2015, two suspected suicide bombers detonated explosives at the political office of Punjab Interior Minister Shuja Khanzada in the Attock District village of Shadi Khan, 80 km (50 mi) from the Pakistani capital Islamabad. The blasts killed the minister and 18 other people; at least 17 people were injured and hospitalised. Lashkar-e-Jhangvi (LeJ), a Deobandi militant group with ties to Al-Qaeda, claimed responsibility for the attack, and it was later determined that Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan was also involved.

Attock District
Attock District (Punjabi and Urduضلع اٹک :), known as Campbellpur District during the British Raj, is a district in northwestern Punjab, Pakistan. Located on the Pothohar Plateau, it was created in April 1904.

According to 2023 Pakistani census population of Attock District is 2,133,005 (2.1 million), making it the 23rd most populous district of the province behind Rajanpur district and the 37th most populous district in Pakistan.
Azerbaijani SS volunteer formations
Azerbaijani SS volunteer formations were recruited from captured Azerbaijani prisoners of war from the Red Army, which was the military force of Soviet Union. Twenty years before World War II and Operation Barbarossa, the USSR had invaded Azerbaijan and sovietized it during the occupation into the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic. An estimated 600,000 Azerbaijanis were recruited into the Soviet Army during the war.

Ostlegionen
Ostlegionen ("eastern legions"), Ost-Bataillone ("eastern battalions"), Osttruppen ("eastern troops"), and Osteinheiten ("eastern units")  were units in the Army of Nazi Germany during World War II made up of personnel from Eastern Europe. They were a large part of the Wehrmacht foreign volunteers and conscripts.
Redridge Steel Dam
The Redridge Steel Dam is a steel dam across the Salmon Trout River in Redridge, Houghton County, Michigan. Completed in 1901, it is a flat slab buttress dam constructed of steel, a relatively rare material for construction of dams, which are typically made of earthenworks, concrete, or masonry. Most sources indicate that it was one of only three such dams constructed in the United States, the other two being the Ashfork-Bainbridge Steel Dam (1898, Arizona) and the Hauser Lake Dam (1907, Montana), the last of which failed within a year of construction.

Ashfork-Bainbridge Steel Dam
The Ashfork Bainbridge Steel Dam, the first large steel dam in the world, and one of only three ever built in the United States, was constructed in 1898 by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (ATSF) to supply water for railway operations near Ash Fork, Arizona. It is named for the town of Ash Fork, and for Francis H. Bainbridge, a civil engineer and graduate of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), a member of the Rensselaer Society of Engineers, and an engineer for ATSF.  The dam has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1976.
Potassium hypochromate
Potassium hypochromate is a chemical compound with the formula K3CrO4 with the unusual Cr5+ ion. This compound is unstable in water but stable in alkaline solution and was found to have a similar crystal structure to potassium hypomanganate.

Potassium hypomanganate
Potassium hypomanganate is the inorganic compound with the formula K3MnO4. Also known as potassium manganate(V), this bright blue solid is a rare example of a salt with the hypomanganate or manganate(V) anion, where the manganese atom is in the +5 oxidation state. It is an intermediate in the production of potassium permanganate and the industrially most important Mn(V) compound.
1995 Southwest Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1995 Southwest Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 9–11, 1995, at Reunion Arena in Dallas, Texas.

Number 1 seed Texas defeated 2 seed Texas Tech 107-104 (OT) to win their 2nd championship and receive the conference's automatic bid to the 1995 NCAA tournament.

1994–95 Texas Longhorns men's basketball team
The 1994–95 Texas Longhorns men's basketball team represented The University of Texas at Austin in intercollegiate basketball competition during the 1994–95 season. The Longhorns were led by seventh-year head coach Tom Penders. The team finished the season with a 23–7 overall record and finished first in Southwest Conference regular season play with an 11–3 conference record. Texas advanced to the NCAA tournament, defeating No. 6 seed Oregon in the opening round before falling to No. 3 seed Maryland in the second round.
Governor of Batman
The Governor of Batman (Turkish: Batman Valiliği) is the bureaucratic state official responsible for both national government and state affairs in the Province of Batman. Similar to the Governors of the 80 other Provinces of Turkey, the Governor of Batman is appointed by the Government of Turkey and is responsible for the implementation of government legislation within Batman. The Governor is also the most senior commander of both the Batman provincial police force and the Batman Gendarmerie.

Ministry of Interior (Turkey)
The Ministry of Interior or Ministry of the Interior or Interior Ministry (Turkish: İçişleri Bakanlığı lit. Ministry of Internal Affairs) is a government ministry of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for interior security affairs in Turkey.

As of 10 February 2026, the current Minister of the Interior is Mustafa Çiftçi.
2020 Arkansas State Red Wolves football team
The 2020 Arkansas State Red Wolves football team represented Arkansas State University in the 2020 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Red Wolves played their home games at Centennial Bank Stadium in Jonesboro, Arkansas, and competed in the West Division of the Sun Belt Conference. They were led by Blake Anderson, in his seventh season as head coach. Butch Jones was hired to replace Anderson, after the team played to a 4–7 record (2–6 in conference play).

Centennial Bank Stadium
Centennial Bank Stadium is a football stadium located in Jonesboro, Arkansas, on the campus of Arkansas State University that is home to the Arkansas State Red Wolves football team.  The stadium opened in 1974 as Indian Stadium named after the old nickname of the school, the Indians, until the 2007 season when it was renamed ASU Stadium. The venue was renamed Liberty Bank Stadium in September 2012 after Liberty Bank of Arkansas donated approximately $5 million to the university. In 2013, Liberty Bank was bought by Home BancShares, whose trade name is Centennial Bank. Since 2015, the stadium has a seating capacity of 30,406.
Reverend Juuso Shikongo Senior Secondary School
Reverend Juuso Shikongo Senior Secondary School is a Namibian public school in the Omuntele Constituency in the Oshikoto Region about 60 kilometres southeast of Ondangwa, which was in 2013 inaugurated by then Education Minister Dr David Namwandi. The school is named after the founder of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia 's Omuntele congregation, Reverend Juuso Shikongo, the school started operating from a sister school, Uukule Senior Secondary School situated at Onyaanya Constituency some 30 kilometres away, in 2011 before moving to Omuntele at the beginning of the year 2013. In his official inauguration address, the education minister David Namwandi pointed out that Government has spent N$120 million (Namibian Dollars) on the construction of classrooms, offices and hostels for the school.

David Namwandi
David Richard Namwandi (born February 28, 1954) is a Namibian politician and academic. He served as the Minister of Education from 2013 to 2015 and is the founder of the International University of Management (IUM).
Reactive neutrophilic dermatoses
Reactive neutrophilic dermatoses are a spectrum of conditions mediated by neutrophils, and typically associated with underlying diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and hematologic malignancy.: 144

Conditions considered to be reactive neutrophilic dermatoses include:: 144–9

Erythema nodosum
Marshall syndrome
Sweet syndrome (Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis)
Neutrophilic dermatosis of the dorsal hands (Pustular vasculitis of the dorsal hands)
Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis
Pyoderma gangrenosum
PAPA syndrome

Febrile neutrophilic dermatosis
Sweet syndrome (SS), or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is a skin disease characterized by the sudden onset of fever, an elevated white blood cell count, and tender, red, well-demarcated papules and plaques that show dense infiltrates by neutrophil granulocytes on histologic examination.

The syndrome was first described in 1964 by Robert Douglas Sweet.  It was also known as Gomm–Button disease in honour of the first two patients Sweet diagnosed with the condition.
Mahamrityunjaya Mantra
The Mahamrityunjaya Mantra (Sanskrit: महामृत्युञ्जयमन्त्र, romanized: mahāmṛtyuñjayamantra, lit. 'great death-conquering mantra'), also known as the Rudra Mantra or Tryambakam Mantra, is a ṛc (verse) of the Ṛgveda (RV 7.59.12) addressed to Tryambaka, 'the three-eyed one', an epithet of Rudra, who is identified with Śiva in Shaivism. It also recurs in the Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā 1.8.6.i; Vājasaneyi Mādhyandina 3.60).

Taittiriya Shakha
The Taittirīya Shakha (Sanskrit, loosely meaning 'Branch or School of the sage Tittiri'), is a shakha (i.e. 'branch', 'school', or rescension) of the Krishna (black) Yajurveda. The Taittiriyas are themselves divided into numerous sub-schools. Among these, the followers of Baudhayana and Apastamba were found all over South India (including Maharashtra), while the Hiranyakeshins were found mainly in Konkan and Western Maharashtra. The Vaikhanasas have a more eastern presence- around Tirupati and Chennai. The Vadhulas are present currently in Kerala and earlier in adjacent parts of Tamil Nadu. The Agniveshyas, a subdivision of the Vadhula immigrants from Malabar, are found around Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu. The Apastamba, Hiranyakeshin, Vaikhanasa and Baudhayana schools have survived with all their texts intact, it consists of the Taittirīya Samhita ('TS'), Taittirīya Brahmana ('TB'), Taittirīya Aranyaka ('TA'), and Taittirīya Pratisakhya ('TP').
Sunrise period
The sunrise period of domain name registration is a special period during which trademark holders may preregister names that are the same or similar to their trademarks in order to avoid cybersquatting. This occurs prior to the general launch of the top-level domain (TLD). To register, the group or individual must be able to prove their prior right to the name. The sunrise period serves as a test period, and is followed by the landrush period and/or General Availability.

Top-level domain
A top-level domain (TLD) is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet after the root domain. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last non-empty label of a fully qualified domain name. For example, in the domain name www.example.com, the top-level domain is .com. Responsibility for management of most top-level domains is delegated to specific organizations by the ICANN, an Internet multi-stakeholder community, which operates the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), and is in charge of maintaining the DNS root zone.
St. Mary's High School (Colorado)
St. Mary's High School (SMHS) is a private Roman Catholic high school in Colorado Springs, Colorado. It is affiliated with the Diocese of Colorado Springs. In the 2023–24 academic year, the school enrolled 151 students. St. Mary's colors are kelly green and white, and its mascot is the Pirate.

Diocese of Colorado Springs
The Diocese of Colorado Springs (Latin: Dioecesis Coloratensium Fontium) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in central Colorado in the United States, established in 1983. St. Mary's Cathedral in Colorado Springs is the seat of the diocese.
Lake Tihu
Lake Tihu (Estonian: Tihu järv, also Tihu Suurjärv, Tihu Esimene järv, Männamaa järv, Esimene järv, or Suurjärv) is a lake in Estonia. It is located in the village of Männamaa in Hiiumaa Parish, Hiiu County.

Hiiumaa Parish
Hiiumaa Parish (Estonian: Hiiumaa vald) is a rural municipality of Estonia on the island of Hiiumaa. Hiiumaa Parish was established by merging Emmaste Parish, Hiiu Parish, Käina Parish and Pühalepa Parish after the municipal elections held on 15 October 2017. Kärdla is the administrative center of the municipality. The current mayor (vallavanem) is Hergo Tasuja. The municipalities of Emmaste and Pühalepa contested their forced merger with Hiiu and Käina to form the new Hiiumaa municipality, which includes the whole island and what is Hiiu County.
Gnishik Formation
The Gnishik Formation is a geologic formation in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iran. It preserves fossils dated to the Wordian age of the Permian period.

The thin-bedded limestones of the formation reach a thickness of 670 metres (2,200 ft) in the Julfa section of northwestern Iran and 300 metres (980 ft) in the Arpa River valley of Armenia. The sediments were deposited in an open marine setting at the northern edge of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean.

The coral Wentzellophyllum gnishikense was named after the formation.

Pseudophillipsia
Pseudophillipsia is a genus of trilobites, notable for being one of the last members of the group before the extinction at the end of the Permian. It first appeared during the Pennsylvanian or Late Carboniferous. There are several species and this genus has a range spanning Eurasia.
Plexippus wesolowskae
Plexippus wesolowskae is  a species of jumping spider in the genus Plexippus that lives in Bangladesh. It was first described in 1998 by V. Biswas and D. Raychaudhuri. The spider is medium-sized, with a carapace 3.4 mm (0.13 in) and an abdomen 3.2 mm (0.13 in) long. The carapace is dark brown with a black band and white cross. The abdomen is a lighter brown with one white and two black stripes. It is similar to the related Plexippus paykulli that can also be found in the same country, but can be distinguished by features like the elongated almost vase-like shape of the sternum and lack of  tibial apophysis on the palpal bulb.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Racism in Iceland
Racism in Iceland commonly targets immigrants, particularly non-white or non-Western immigrants. Iceland is a historically homogeneous society with little ethnic or racial diversity. Icelandic national identity is often racialized as a white identity, therefore non-white people are frequently otherized as non-Icelandic. Muslim and Jewish minorities in Iceland also experience Islamophobia and antisemitism. According to the Icelandic Human Rights Centre, "hidden" racism is common in Iceland despite violent or overt expressions of racism being uncommon.

Kristín Loftsdóttir
Kristín Loftsdóttir (born 1968) is a professor in anthropology at the University of Iceland.

Kristín has organized and been part of diverse research projects. Examples include research on racism, colonialism, whiteness, precarious migrants, crisis, and nationalism. Kristín has also conducted research relating to the tourism industry, development cooperation and masculinity. Kristín has done research in Europe (Iceland, Belgium, and Italy), as well as West Africa (Niger). Kristín's writings have also appeared in many scholarly journals and chapters in books. Kristín has written three monographs and two novels and edited six books with others.