hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wilhelm Vigier
Josef Wilhelm Viktor Vigier (27 August 1823 in Solothurn – 18 March 1886) was a Swiss politician and President of the Swiss Council of States (1862/1863 and 1882/1883).

Vigier was also a judge of the Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland (1858–1874). He presided the court in 1864 and 1873.

He was an uncle of the national councilor and mayor of Solothurn Wilhelm Vigier (1839–1908).

Council of States (Switzerland)
The Council of States is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, the other house  being the National Council. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism.

It comprises 46 members. Twenty of the country's cantons are represented by two councillors each. Six cantons, traditionally called "half cantons", are represented by one councillor each for historical reasons. These are Obwalden, Nidwalden, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft, Appenzell Ausserrhoden and Appenzell Innerrhoden. The councillors serve for four years, and are not bound in their vote to instructions from the cantonal authorities.
Bravos de Margarita
The Bravos de Margarita (Margarita Braves) are a professional baseball team who plays in the Venezuelan Professional Baseball League since the 2007-08 season.

The team was founded in 1991 as the Petroleros de Cabimas (Cabimas Oilers), and played through the 1994-95 season. Later was renamed as Pastora de Occidente (Shepherds of the West) from 1995-96 to 1996-97, being also known as Pastora de los Llanos (Shepherds of the Plains) from 1997-98 to 2006-07.

The Bravos de Margarita play at Estadio Nueva Esparta located in Margarita Island. They have since used other stadiums in the LVBP as temporary home fields.

Margarita Island
Margarita Island (Isla de Margarita, Spanish pronunciation: [maɾɣaˈɾita]) is the largest island in the Venezuelan state of Nueva Esparta, situated off the north west coast of the country, in the Caribbean Sea. The capital city of Nueva Esparta, La Asunción, is located on the island.
John Cort (impresario)
John Cort (ca. 1861 – November 17, 1929) was an American impresario; his Cort Circuit was one of the first national theater circuits. Along with John Considine and Alexander Pantages, Cort was one of the Seattle-based entrepreneurs who parlayed their success in the years following the Klondike Gold Rush into an impact on America's national theater scene. While Considine and Pantages focused mainly on vaudeville, Cort focused on legitimate theater. At one time, he owned more legitimate theaters than anyone else in the United States, and he eventually became part of the New York theatrical establishment. His Cort Theatre (since renamed the James Earl Jones Theatre) remains a fixture of Broadway.

Alexander Pantages
Alexander Pantages (Greek: Περικλῆς Ἀλέξανδρος Πανταζῆς, Periklis Alexandros Pandazis; 1867 – February 17, 1936) was a Greek American vaudeville impresario and early motion picture producer. He created a large and powerful circuit of theatres across the Western United States and Canada.

At the height of his empire, Pantages owned or operated 84 theatres across the United States and Canada. In 1929, he was accused of raping a 17-year-old dancer named Eunice Alice Pringle. He was found guilty but acquitted on appeal. The negative publicity led to the selling of his operations and he permanently ceased being a force in exhibition or vaudeville. He is largely forgotten today in historical accounts of the early development of motion pictures. He died in February 1936.
Whittier Line
The Whittier Line was a Pacific Electric interurban line which traveled between Los Angeles and Whittier via Huntington Park, Rivera, and Los Nietos. A branch of the company's original Long Beach Line, operations along the line began in 1903. Due to its indirect route, passenger operations were eventually replaced by bus service on Whittier Boulevard after 1938. Tracks were largely retained for use by freight trains, eventually becoming the Union Pacific La Habra Subdivision. A short segment of the route is expected to be reactivated for passenger service as part of the Southeast Gateway Line.

Interurban Press
Interurban Press was a small, privately owned American publishing company, specializing in books about streetcars, other forms of rail transit and railroads in North America, from 1943 until 1993.  It was based in the Los Angeles area, and specifically in Glendale, California after 1976. Although its primary focus was on books, it also published three magazines starting in the 1980s, along with videos and calendars.  At its peak, the company employed 10 people and generated about $2 million in business annually.
2009 Vuelta al Táchira
The 2009 Vuelta al Táchira is the 44th of the annual Vuelta al Táchira cycling competition.  The race was held in San Cristóbal, Táchira from January 6 to January 17, 2009, on a 1,400-kilometre (870 mi) course.

Vuelta al Táchira
The Vuelta ciclista al Táchira (English: Tour of Táchira) is a multi-day road bicycle racing stage race held annually each January since 1966 in the state of Táchira in western Venezuela. The Vuelta al Táchira is part of the UCI America Tour, which is one of six UCI Continental Circuits sponsored by the Union Cycliste Internationale, which is the sport's international governing body, and the Venezuelan Cycling Federation. This event takes place during the Festival of Saint Sebastian which dates back to colonial times.
1988 NCAA Division I field hockey tournament
The 1988 NCAA Division I field hockey tournament was the eighth annual single-elimination tournament hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the national champion of women's collegiate field hockey among its Division I members in the United States, the culmination of the 1988 NCAA Division I field hockey season.

Old Dominion won their fourth championship, defeating Iowa in the final, 2–1.

The championship rounds were held at Franklin Field in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

NCAA Division I field hockey tournament
The NCAA Division I field hockey tournament is an American intercollegiate field hockey tournament conducted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and determines the Division I national champion. The tournament has been held annually since 1981.

The championship is contested exclusively by women's teams and there is no equivalent NCAA men's field hockey championship.

The most successful team is the North Carolina Tar Heels, who have eleven titles. In addition, North Carolina has finished national runner-up an NCAA record eleven times.

The most recent championship, in 2025, was won by the Northwestern Wildcats.
Xanthomonas hortorum
Xanthomonas hortorum is a plant pathogen. It includes the following pathovars:

pv. hederae, common ivy and possibly other Araliaceae

pv. taraxaci, Pelargonium peltatum

pv. carotae, wild carrot

pv. pelargonii, Kazakh dandelion

pv. vitians, bacterial leafspot and headrot of lettuce, using the neopathotype of LMG 938

pv. cynarae, formerly Xanthomonas cynarae, pathogenic on artichoke

pv. gardneri, formerly Xanthomonas gardneri and briefly X. cynarae pv. gardneri, bacterial leafspot of peppers and tomatoes (pathotype also causes BLS on lettuce surprisingly)

The species was originally defined in 1995 as a grouping of pathovars hederae, taraxaci, carotae, pelargonii from Xanthomonas campestris, and the lettuce-infecting part of X. c. pv. vitians. (X. c. pv. vitians was found to consist of two genetic groups, only one of which causes disease on lettuce.)

Bacterial leaf spot of peppers and tomato
Bacterial leaf spot on peppers and tomatoes is caused by a gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium in the genus Xanthomonas. It causes symptoms throughout the above-ground portion of the plant including leaf spots, fruit spots and stem cankers. There are four pathovars classified in three different species that can cause this disease, named by alphabetical groups. Nevertheless, the prevention and treatment is very similar: since this bacterium cannot live in soil for more than a few weeks and survives as inoculum on plant debris, removal of dead plant material and chemical applications to living plants are considered effective control mechanisms.
John Penn Mayberry
John Penn Mayberry (18 November 1939 – 19 August 2016) was an American mathematical philosopher and creator of a distinctive Aristotelian philosophy of mathematics to which he gave expression in his book The Foundations of Mathematics in the Theory of Sets. Following completion of a Ph.D. at Illinois under the supervision of Gaisi Takeuti, he took up, in 1966, a position in the mathematics department of the University of Bristol. He remained there until his retirement in 2004 as a Reader in Mathematics.

Richard Dedekind
Julius Wilhelm Richard Dedekind (/ˈdeɪdɪkɪnd/; German: [ˈdeːdəˌkɪnt]; 6 October 1831 – 12 February 1916) was a German mathematician who made important contributions to number theory, abstract algebra (particularly ring theory), and the axiomatic foundations of arithmetic. His best known contribution is the definition of real numbers through the notion of Dedekind cut. He is also considered a pioneer in the development of modern set theory and of the philosophy of mathematics known as logicism.
Podomancy
Podomancy (also known as solistry) is a divination by examining the lines of soles.
Similar to palmistry, where the divination is based on the person's palm shape and lines, podomancy is based on the belief that a person's feet represent the symbol of that person's soul.
Diviners interpret sizes, shapes and lines of the feet to (supposedly) reveal the personality and the future of the person to be divined upon.
Podomancy used to be a popular form of divination in China.

Palmistry
Palmistry is the pseudoscientific practice of fortune-telling through the study of the palm. Also known as palm reading, chiromancy, chirology or cheirology, the practice is found all over the world, with numerous cultural variations. Those who practice palmistry are generally called palmists, hand readers, hand analysts, or chirologists.

There are many—and often conflicting—interpretations of various lines and palmar features across various teachings of palmistry. Palmistry is widely viewed as a pseudoscience due to various contradictions between different interpretations and the lack of evidence for palmistry's predictions.
Mafang, Beijing
Mafang Town (Chinese: 马坊镇; pinyin: Mǎfāng Zhèn) is a town situated inside of Pinggu District, Beijing, China. It shares border with Machangying Town to the north, Donggaocun Town to the east, Nanniezhuang Village to the south, and Dasungezhuang Town to the west. It was home to 29,601 people as of 2020.

This region had been a horse farm for military usage from Liao dynasty all the way to Qing dynasty, thus receiving its name Mafang (Chinese: 马坊; lit. 'Horse Shop').

Pinggu, Beijing
Pinggu District (Chinese: 平谷区; pinyin: Pínggǔ Qū), formerly Pinggu County (平谷县), lies in the far east of Beijing Municipality. It has an area of 950 km2 (370 sq mi) and a population of 457,313 (2020 Census). The district is subdivided into 2 subdistricts, 14 towns, and 2 townships. It borders the Beijing districts of Miyun and Shunyi to the north and west, respectively, Tianjin's Jizhou District to the southeast, and in Hebei province, Xinglong County and Sanhe to the northeast and south, respectively.
De Vico (crater)
De Vico is a small lunar impact crater that is located in the southwest part of the Moon, to the south of the crater Sirsalis. To the west-northwest is Crüger. De Vico is a circular, bowl-shaped formation with a small, flat bottom at the midpoint. To the northwest is the lava-flooded remains of De Vico T. Beyond is a linear rille designated Rimae Sirsalis that follows a path to the northeast past the rim of Sirsalis.

Crüger (crater)
Crüger is a lunar impact crater that is located in the western part of the Moon, to the northeast of the much larger walled plain Darwin.

The most distinctive feature about this crater is very dark interior floor that is one of the lowest albedo features on the Moon. The surface has been covered in basaltic lava and has only been exposed to a minimal amount of deposition from impact ejecta. The floor is nearly featureless, with crater of 2.5 km diameter near the center and few other even more diminutive impacts. The outer rim is low and nearly circular, and has not been significantly reshaped by impacts.

Crüger is a crater of Lower (Early) Imbrian age.
Armenian Catholic Archeparchy of Istanbul
The Armenian Catholic Archeparchy of Istanbul, also known as Armenian Catholic Archdiocese of Constantinople, serves Armenian Catholics in Turkey and is under the Armenian Catholic Patriarch of Cilicia. Its cathedral is St. Mary of Sakızağaç Cathedral in Istanbul.

Patriarchate of Cilicia
The Patriarchate of Cilicia (Latin: Patriarchatus Ciliciæ Armenorum) is an ecclesiastical jurisdiction and the only patriarchate of the Armenian Catholic Church of the Catholic Church. The territorial jurisdiction of the Patriarch of Cilicia is the Archeparchy of Beirut, over which the Patriarch of Cilicia holds ordinary authority. The St. Elie and St. Gregory the Illuminator Armenian Catholic Cathedral in Beirut, Lebanon, is the cathedra of the Patriarchate. The Patriarchate is headed by Patriarch Raphaël Bedros XXI Minassian elected in September 2021.
Isabel Creek
Isabel Creek is a 18-mile-long (29 km) perennial stream which flows northwesterly along the eastern then northern flank of Mount Hamilton in Santa Clara County. It joins Smith Creek to form Arroyo Hondo north of Mt. Hamilton and is part of the southernmost Alameda Creek watershed.

Calaveras Reservoir
Calaveras Reservoir is located primarily in Santa Clara County, California, with a small portion and its dam in Alameda County, California. In Spanish, Calaveras means "skulls".

The reservoir is fed mainly by Arroyo Hondo and Calaveras Creek.  Lying in the Calaveras Valley, the region is geologically active with the Calaveras Fault parallel to and to the west of the dam site. The seismic hazard forced replacement of the original dam. The replacement dam began construction in 2011 and was completed in 2019.

The Calaveras Valley has diverse wildlife including deer, coyotes, squirrels, turkey vultures, red-winged blackbirds, yellow-billed magpies, red-tailed hawks, brewer's blackbirds, purple martins, barn swallows, bullock's orioles, and warblers. Since at least 2008, a pair of bald eagles has nested regularly.
Aysheaiidae
Aysheaiidae is a family of lobopodians known from the Cambrian, Ordovician, and Carboniferous. This family contains at most four genera, the type genus Aysheaia, the fragmentary Hadranax (although this may not be a member of the family), the aberrant Palaeocampa, and an undescribed Ordovician fossil from the Soom Shale.

Hadranax
Hadranax is a genus of large lobopodian known from the lower Cambrian Sirius Passet Lagerstätte. This genus is characterized from other lobopodians due to multiple groups of four nodes running along its trunk region, similar to Kerygmachela, and a pair of extremely large frontal appendages that were possibly as long as the animal's entire body. This lobopodian is one of the rarer members of the Sirius Passet fauna, with only around three fragmentary specimens being known.
Sophie Williams
Sophie Williams (born 21 March 1991) is a British fencer. At the 2012 Summer Olympics she competed in the Women's individual sabre event, where she lost in the first round to the Italian Irene Vecchi. She is currently studying for a degree in Neuroscience at University College London.

Irene Vecchi
Irene Vecchi (10 June 1989, Livorno) is an Italian sabre fencer. She earned a bronze medal in the 2013 World Championships and 2017 World Championships, an individual bronze at the 2013 European Championships and won the team gold medal at the 2011 European Fencing Championships.

She has twice competed for Italy at the Olympics, in the women's sabre individual in 2012 and 2016 and in the women's team sabre in 2016.  She competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics, in Sabre
Larsbjørnsstræde
Larsbjørnsstræde is a street in the Latin Quarter of central Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from Vestergade in the south to Sankt Peders Stræde in the north, linking Kattesundet to Teglgårdsstræde. Many of the buildings in the street date from the years after the Copenhagen Fire of 1795 and have been listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places.

Vestergade, Copenhagen
Vestergade (lit. "West Street") is a street in central Copenhagen, Denmark, linking Gammeltorv in the northeast with the City Hall Square in the southwest. The street defines the southern boundary of Copenhagen's Latin Quarter. Most of the buildings in the street date from the years after the Copenhagen Fire of 1795.
Robert Robinson (chemist)
Sir Robert Robinson OM FRS FRSE (13 September 1886 – 8 February 1975) was a British organic chemist and Nobel laureate recognised in 1947 for his research on plant dyestuffs (anthocyanins) and alkaloids. In 1947, he also received the Medal of Freedom with Silver Palm.

Order of Merit
The Order of Merit (French: Ordre du Mérite) is an order of merit for the Commonwealth realms, recognising distinguished service in the armed forces, science, art, literature, or the promotion of culture. Established in 1902 by Edward VII, admission into the order remains the personal gift of its Sovereign—currently Edward VII's great-great-grandson Charles III—and is restricted to a maximum of 24 living recipients from the Commonwealth realms, plus honorary members. While all members are awarded the right to use the post-nominal letters OM and wear the badge of the order, the Order of Merit's precedence among other honours differs between countries.
Kong Xuan
Kong Xuan (Chinese: 孔宣; pinyin: Kǒng Xuān) is a character in the classic 16th-century Chinese novel Fengshen Yanyi. He is a peacock spirit who became King Zhou's general. His character is based on Mahamayuri from Buddhist myth.

Di Xin
Di Xin of Shang (商帝辛; Shāng Dì Xīn) or Shou, King of Shang (商王受; Shāng Wáng Shòu), was the last king of the Shang dynasty of ancient China. He is also known by a pejorative title, King Zhòu of Shang ([ʈ͡ʂoʊ]; Chinese: 商紂王; pinyin: Zhòu Wáng) in Zhou dynasty texts and beyond. He is contemporaneously recorded in bronze relics, where his posthumous name, Di Xin, is used.

In later times, the story of “King Zhòu” became a cautionary tale on what could befall a kingdom if its ruler gave into corruption and moral depravity. However, owing to the small number of artifacts found from his rule, his actual life and deeds are not well understood beyond posthumous accounts.
Levola S. Taylor
Levola S. Taylor is an American politician. She is a former member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from the 70th District, serving from 1991-1992. Taylor is a member of the Democratic party.

She was preceded by James Faber, and succeeded by Joseph Neal. When Neal died in February 2017, Taylor was among a number of Democrats to file for the seat in a special election. Wendy Brawley went on to win the Democratic nomination and the special election.

Taylor was among a number of African American women from around the United States who endorsed Hillary Rodham Clinton for President in 2016.

Wendy Brawley
Wendy C. Brawley is an American politician. She is a former member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from the 70th District, serving since 2017. She is a member of the Democratic party. She was defeated by Democrat Jermaine Johnson in the 2022 Democratic primary election.
Marcel Vertès
Marcel Vertès (born Marcell Vértes, 10 August 1895 – 31 October 1961) was a French costume designer and illustrator of Hungarian-Jewish origins. He won two Academy Awards (Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design) for his work on the 1952 film Moulin Rouge.

Vertès is also responsible for the original murals in the Café Carlyle in the Carlyle Hotel in New York City, New York and for those in the Peacock Alley in the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in New York.

Academy Award for Best Production Design
The Academy Award for Best Production Design recognizes achievement for art direction in film. The category's original name was Best Art Direction, but was changed to its current name in 2012 for the 85th Academy Awards. This change resulted from the Art Directors' branch of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) being renamed the Designers' branch. Since 1947, the award is shared with the set decorators. It is awarded to the best interior design in a film.

The films below are listed with their production year (for example, the 2000 Academy Award for Best Art Direction is given to a film from 1999). In the lists below, the winner of the award for each year is shown first, followed by the other nominees in alphabetical order.
2025 LA Bowl
The 2025 LA Bowl was a college football bowl game that was played on December 13, 2025, at SoFi Stadium in Inglewood, California. The fifth and final LA Bowl began at approximately 5:00 p.m. PST and aired on ABC. The LA Bowl was one of the 2025–26 bowl games concluding the 2025 FBS football season. The game was sponsored by former National Football League player Rob Gronkowski and sports nutrition and lifestyle brand Bucked Up, and was officially known as the Bucked Up LA Bowl Hosted by Gronk.

The Washington Huskies from the Big Ten Conference defeated the Boise State Broncos from the Mountain West Conference by a score of 38–10.

2025 Washington Huskies football team
The 2025 Washington Huskies football team represented the University of Washington as a member of the Big Ten Conference during the 2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season. They were led by second-year head coach Jedd Fisch and played home games on campus at Husky Stadium located in Seattle.
Claude-François Fraguier
Claude François Fraguier (27 August 1660, Paris – 3 May 1728, Paris) was a French churchman and writer.

Fraguier became a Jesuit at a young age, but he left the order in 1694 to devote himself to literature. A classicist and author of dissertations on classical history, he was professor of theology at Caen and collaborated on the Journal des savants. He was a friend of Huet, Segrais, Mme de Lafayette and Ninon de Lenclos.

He was elected to the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres in 1705 and to the Académie française in 1717.

Voltaire said of him in his Siècle de Louis XIV "he was a good littérateur and full of taste. He put Plato's philosophy into good Latin verse. He would have done better to have written good French verse."

Pierre Daniel Huet
Pierre Daniel Huet (French: [y.ɛ]; Latin: Huetius; 8 February 1630 – 26 January 1721) was a French churchman and scholar, editor of the Delphin Classics, founder of the Académie de Physique in Caen (1662–1672) and Bishop of Soissons from 1685 to 1689 and afterwards of Avranches.