hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fisher consistency
In statistics, Fisher consistency, named after Ronald Fisher, is a desirable property of an estimator asserting that if the estimator were calculated using the entire population rather than a sample, the true value of the estimated parameter would be obtained.

Estimation theory
Estimation theory is a branch of statistics that deals with estimating the values of parameters based on measured empirical data that has a random component.  The parameters describe an underlying physical setting in such a way that their value affects the distribution of the measured data. An estimator attempts to approximate the unknown parameters using the measurements.
In estimation theory, two approaches are generally considered:

The probabilistic approach (described in this article) assumes that the measured data is random with a probability distribution dependent on the parameters of interest

The set-membership approach assumes that the measured data vector belongs to a set which depends on the parameter vector.
2025 World Games
The 2025 World Games (2025年世界运动会), also known as Chengdu 2025, were an international multi-sport event held from 7–17 August in Chengdu, Sichuan, China, with preliminary competition in some events beginning on 6 August. They were the 12th World Games, a multi-sport event featuring disciplines of Olympic sports and other competitions that are not currently contested at the Olympic Games.

It marked the first time that the World Games were hosted in the People's Republic of China, and marked the return to a four-year cycle after the 2021 World Games in Birmingham, Alabama were delayed to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

2022 World Games
The 2022 World Games, also known as Birmingham 2022,  were an international multi-sport event held from July 7 to 17, 2022, in Birmingham, Alabama, United States. They were the 11th World Games, a multi-sport event featuring disciplines of Olympic sports and other competitions that are not currently contested at the Olympic Games; the Games featured 3,457 athletes competing in 223 medal events over 34 total sports.

They were originally scheduled to be held from July 29 to August 8, 2021, but were postponed by one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the postponement of the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo to 2021. They were the second edition of the World Games to be hosted by the United States since their inaugural edition in 1981.
Pterocomma
Pterocomma is a genus of true bugs belonging to the family Aphididae.

The species of this genus are found in Europe and Northern America.(;

Species:

Pterocomma alpinum Zhang, Guangxue, Tiesen Zhong & Wanyu Zhang, 1992

Pterocomma amargituberculum Zhang, Guangxue, Xiaolin Chen, Tiesen Zhong & Jing

Aphididae
The Aphididae are a very large insect family in the aphid superfamily (Aphidoidea), of the order Hemiptera. These insects suck the sap from plant leaves. Several thousand species are placed in this family, many of which are considered plant/crop pests. They are the family of insects containing most plant virus vectors (around 200 known) with the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) being one of the most prevalent and indiscriminate carriers.
Santolina rosmarinifolia
Santolina rosmarinifolia, the holy flax, is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae, native to south western Europe. It is a dense, compact evergreen shrub growing to 60 cm (24 in) tall and wide, with narrow, aromatic green leaves and tight yellow composite flowerheads carried on slender stalks above the foliage, in summer.

The Latin specific epithet rosmarinifolia describes the leaves' passing resemblance to those of rosemary.

In cultivation it is useful as groundcover or as an edging plant for sunny, well-drained situations. It dislikes winter wetness, and can be short-lived. The cultivar ‘Lemon Fizz’ and the dwarf cultivar S. rosmarinifolia subsp. rosmarinifolia 'Primrose Gem' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Also known as olive herb or Wadi tops, the leaves of S. rosmarinifolia can be used in Mediterranean dishes and cocktails to add an olive-like flavour.

Rosemary
Salvia rosmarinus, synonym Rosmarinus officinalis, commonly known as rosemary, is a shrub with fragrant, evergreen, needle-like leaves and purple or sometimes white, pink, or blue flowers. It is a member of the mint family, Lamiaceae.

The species is native to the Mediterranean region. It has a number of cultivars, and its leaves are commonly used as a flavoring.
Sabatinca bimacula
Sabatinca bimacula is a species of moth belonging to the family Micropterigidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand and has only been found in the Percy Valley and on Secretary Island in Fiordland. This species is sexually dimorphic with the male of the species having an L-shaped marking on the forewing while in the female the L-shaped marking is much broader and takes up most of the half of the forewing nearest the abdomen. The adults of this species are on the wing in the second half of October. Larvae of this species feed on the liverwort Bazzania involuta. The host species of adult S. bimacula are unknown but are likely to be fern spores or pollen from Sedge grasses. As at 2017 S. bimacula has been classified as having the "At Risk, Naturally Uncommon" conservation status under the New Zealand Threat Classification System.

Micropterigidae
Micropterigoidea is the superfamily of "mandibulate archaic moths", all placed in the single family Micropterigidae, containing currently about twenty living genera. They are considered the most primitive extant lineage of lepidoptera (Kristensen, 1999), and the sole superfamily in the suborder Zeugloptera. The name comes from the Greek for mikros, little and pterux, a wing. Unique among the Lepidoptera, these moths have chewing mouthparts rather than a proboscis, and are seen feeding, often in large aggregations, on the pollen of the flowers of many herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees. The fossil record of the group goes back to the middle-late Jurassic with the earliest known species being Auliepterix from the Karabastau Formation in Kazakhstan.

Micropterigid larvae possess a uniquely specialised trunk cuticle, in which the exo- and endocuticle are separated by fluid-filled chambers arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each chamber corresponding to an individual epidermal cell.
Mikhail Erassi
Mikhail Spiridonovich Erassi (2 December [O.S. 20 November] 1823 — 10 January 1899 [O.S. 29 December 1898]) was a Russian painter of Greek descent, commonly known for his landscapes, typical of the Academic style. A relative of the Romantic painter Alexey Venetsianov, Erassi was among the last students of his painting school before gaining a reputation as follower of the Swiss painter Alexandre Calame.

Alexey Venetsianov
Alexey Gavrilovich Venetsianov (Russian: Алексей Гаврилович Венецианов; 18 February [O.S. 7 February] 1780 – 16 December [O.S. 4 December] 1847) was a Russian painter, renowned for his paintings devoted to peasant life and ordinary people.
CDC Ballarat
CDC Ballarat, formerly known as Davis Bus Lines, is an Australian bus company operating in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. It is a subsidiary of CDC Victoria, in turn a subsidiary of ComfortDelGro Australia, in turn a subsidiary of Singapore-based ComfortDelGro.

ComfortDelGro
ComfortDelGro Corporation Limited, commonly known as ComfortDelGro, is a multi-national transport group based in Singapore. It is listed on the Singapore Exchange and operates more than 54,000 vehicles across 13 countries. It was formed on 29 March 2003 through a merger of Singaporean land transport companies Comfort Group and DelGro Corporation.

On 17 September 2019, the Dow Jones Sustainability Asia Pacific Index listed ComfortDelGro on its index in recognition of its sustainability efforts, thus becoming the first transport company in Singapore as well as in Asia to do so.
Willennium
Willennium is the second studio album by American actor and rapper Will Smith. Recorded with a range of producers, including Poke & Tone and frequent collaborator DJ Jazzy Jeff, it was released on November 16, 1999, by Columbia Records. The album reached number 5 on the US Billboard 200 and was certified multi-platinum by the RIAA, making this Smith's second top ten album and second multi-platinum album following Big Willie Style in 1997. The album also reached the top ten on the UK Albums Chart, and was certified multi-platinum in that region and in other regions. "Wild Wild West", "Will 2K" and "Freakin' It" were released as singles.

Rock the Casbah
"Rock the Casbah" is a song by the English punk rock band the Clash, released in 1982 as the second single from their fifth album, Combat Rock (1982). It reached number eight on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the United States (their only top 10 single in that country) and, along with the track "Mustapha Dance", it also reached number eight on the dance chart.
HUD auction
A HUD auction is a form of foreclosure auction except the original lender was a federal agency instead of a private lender. The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), is the insurer of loans made through a variety of government programs, particularly FHA loans. When a lender forecloses on a government insured loan, HUD takes possession of the property.

Homes are listed on the Multiple Listing Service by a listing agent who generally receives a 1% commission for listing the property, but is otherwise unaffiliated with HUD.

Multiple listing service
A multiple listing service (MLS, also multiple listing system or multiple listings service) is an organization with a suite of services that real estate brokers use to establish contractual offers of cooperation and compensation (among brokers) and accumulate and disseminate information to enable appraisals.  A multiple listing service's database and software is used by real estate brokers in real estate (or in other industries, for example, aircraft brokers), representing sellers under a listing contract to widely share information about properties with other brokers who may represent potential buyers or wish to work with a seller's broker in finding a buyer for the property or asset. The listing data stored in a multiple listing service's database is the proprietary information of the broker who has obtained a listing agreement with a property's seller.
Vaikkadu
Vaikkadu (Tamil: வைக்காடு), is an industrial area in Manali, North of Chennai, a metropolitan city in Tamil Nadu, India. Vaikkadu is known for Manali Roundana, place where Tiruvottiyur-Ponneri high road intersects with originating Jawaharlal Nehru Road (Inner Ring Road) and Manali High road. Madras Fertilizer Limited and Toshiba JSW Power Systems Pvt. Ltd are notable companies located within Vaikkadu in Manali Industrial belt. In October 2011, the erstwhile Manali municipality is merged with Greater Chennai Corporation and it came under the jurisdiction of Greater Chennai Corporation. Though Vaikkadu is annexed with Greater Chennai Corporation it is still remained as a part of Tiruvottiyur taluk in Tiruvallur district.

Greater Chennai Corporation
Greater Chennai Corporation (GCC)  is a local government for the City of Chennai in the Chennai Metropolitan Area of Tamil Nadu, India. Inaugurated on 29 September 1688, under a royal charter issued by King James II of England on 30 December 1687 as the Corporation of Madras, it is the oldest municipal body of the Commonwealth of Nations outside Great Britain. It is the largest municipal corporation in Tamil Nadu with an area of 426 km2. It is headed by a mayor, who presides over 200 councillors, each of whom represents one of the 200 wards of the city. It is the second oldest corporation in the world after the City of London. The city limits, which had been expanded several times over the years, is currently coterminous with the Chennai district. It is one of the four municipal corporations located within the Chennai Metropolitan Area, the other three being the Tambaram Corporation, Avadi City Municipal Corporation and Kanchipuram Municipal Corporation.
The Copper Cliff
The Copper Cliff (known as Kopparklinten in Swedish) is a viewpoint in the Älvrummet Nature Reserve on the western side of the Göta river, overlooking the Olidan Power Plant, in Trollhättan. The site is approximately 77 m above sea level and has views over the city of Trollhättan to as far as Hunneberg mountain in the distance.

Trollhättan
Trollhättan (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈtrɔ̂lːˌhɛtːan] ⓘ) is the 23rd-largest city in Sweden, the seat of Trollhättan Municipality, Västra Götaland County. It is situated by Göta älv, near the lake Vänern, and has a population of approximately 50,000 in the city proper. It is located 75 km (46 mi) north of Sweden's second-largest city, Gothenburg.
Varices
A varix (pl.: varices) is an abnormally dilated blood vessel with a tortuous course. Varices usually occur in the venous system, but may also occur in arterial or lymphatic vessels. Varices can occur in various locations throughout the body including the legs, esophagus, stomach, among others. They are the result of increased venous pressure, typically due to increased peripheral pressure or portal hypertension.

Varicose veins are the most common type of varices. They are the enlargement of superficial veins in the legs with increased pressure due to various risk factors. Approximately 20-30% of adults in the U.S. have varicose veins and more often occurs in women and the elderly. Gastrointestinal varices are another prevalent type, including esophageal and gastric varices, and are a health concern due to risk for future hemorrhage.

Anorectal varices
Anorectal varices are collateral submucosal blood vessels dilated by backflow in the veins of the rectum. Typically this occurs due to portal hypertension which shunts venous blood from the portal system through the portosystemic anastomosis present at this site into the systemic venous system. This can also occur in the esophagus, causing esophageal varices, and at the level of the umbilicus, causing caput medusae. Between 44% and 78% of patients with portal hypertension get anorectal varices.
Ajika
Ajika (Georgian: აჯიკა) is an Abkhazian and Georgian flavored sauce or dip made mainly in the regions of Abkhazia and Samegrelo. It is often used to flavor food. Ajika is primarily capsicum-based and usually includes other spices such as coriander, fenugreek, or blue fenugreek. Common varieties of ajika resemble Italian red pesto in appearance and consistency, although a dry version also exists. Though it is usually red, green ajika is also made with unripe peppers.

The dish is also prepared in Sakarya, Turkey among the Abaza people and is patented by the Turkish Patent and Trademark Office.

In 2018, ajika was included on the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Georgia list.

Trigonella caerulea
Trigonella caerulea (blue fenugreek, blue melilot) is an annual herb in the family Fabaceae. It is 30–60 cm tall. Its leaves are obovate or lance-shaped, 2–5 cm long, 1–2 cm wide and saw-toothed in upper part. Its flower stalks are compact, globular racemes, longer than the leaves. The sepals are twice as short as the corolla, its teeth are equal to the tube. The corolla is 5.5-6.5 mm long and blue. The pods are erect or slightly curved, compressed, 4–5 mm long with beak 2 mm. The seeds are small and elongated. It blossoms in April–May, the seeds ripen in May–June. It is self-pollinated.
V-Cube 8
The V-Cube 8 is an 8×8×8 version of the Rubik's Cube. Unlike the original puzzle (but like the 4×4×4 and 6×6×6 cubes), it has no fixed centers: the center facets (36 per face) are free to move to different positions. The design was covered by Panagiotis Verdes' patent from 2007 but Verdes Innovations SA did not produce it for sale until 2014. Other manufacturers released their own versions of the puzzle much earlier.

Methods for solving the 3×3×3 cube work for the edges and corners of the 8×8×8 cube, as long as one has correctly identified the relative positions of the colors — since the center facets can no longer be used for identification.

Combination puzzle
A combination puzzle, also known as a sequential move puzzle, is a puzzle which consists of a set of pieces which can be manipulated into different combinations by a group of operations. Many such puzzles are mechanical puzzles of polyhedral shape, consisting of multiple layers of pieces along each axis which can rotate independently of each other. Collectively known as twisty puzzles, the archetype of this kind of puzzle is the Rubik's Cube. Each rotating side is usually marked with different colours, intended to be scrambled, then solved by a sequence of moves that sort the facets by colour. Generally, combination puzzles also include mathematically defined examples that have not been, or are impossible to, physically construct.
Burlingame, California
Burlingame (/ˈbɜːrlɪŋɡeɪm/) is a city in San Mateo County, California, United States. It is located on the San Francisco Peninsula and has a significant shoreline on San Francisco Bay. The city is named after diplomat Anson Burlingame. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 31,386.

California Democratic Party
The California Democratic Party, also known as the Democratic Party of California, is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of California. It is headquartered in Sacramento, California.

With 45.27% of the state's registered voters as of February 2025, the Democratic Party has the highest number of registrants of any political party in California. It is currently the dominant party in the state, and is one of the largest affiliates of the national Democratic Party. The party currently controls the majority of California's U.S. House seats, both U.S. Senate seats, the governorship, and has supermajorities in both houses of the state legislature.
Salib al-Turkman
Salib al-Turkman (Turkish: Sılayip Türkmen, Turkmen: صِلَيِّبْ تركمان, romanized: Silayīp Tūrkmān or Arabic: صُلَيْبْ التركمان, romanized: Sulayb al-Turkmān) is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Latakia Governorate, located north of Latakia. Nearby localities include Al-Shamiyah and Burj Islam to the south, Ayn al-Bayda, al-Bahluliyah and al-Shabatliyah to the east. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Salib al-Turkman had a population of 3,466 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Turkish-speaking Syrian Turkmen who are Sunni Muslim.

Al-Shabatliyah
Al-Shabatliyah (Arabic: الشبطلية) is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Latakia Governorate, located north of Latakia. Nearby localities include Al-Shamiyah and Burj Islam to the south, Ayn al-Bayda, al-Bahluliyah and Mashqita to the east. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, al-Shabatliyah had a population of 3,306 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.
Wulikare, South Sudan
Wulikare is a small settlement in Juba County, Central Equatoria, South Sudan, about 0.5 km south of the Koda River, 4 km west of Ludo Kenyi, 14 km from the Jebel Lado mountain, 37 km southwest of Mongalla, and 29 km from the state capital Juba  It is located near on the road from Juba to Buko, Tijor, and Rokon.

5°04′28″N 31°27′59″E﻿ / ﻿5.0745°N 31.4665°E﻿ / 5.0745; 31.4665

Juba County
Juba County is an administrative area in Central Equatoria state, South Sudan. It is the largest county in Central Equatoria and one of the largest in the region of Equatoria. Its county seat is Juba, the national capital of the South Sudan.

Its population according to the 2008 census conducted by Sudan, prior to South Sudanese independence, was 372,413.

The current commissioner for Juba County is Ustaz. Emmanuel. He was appointed vide Republic Decree by President Salva Kiir Mayardit as part of the Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity (RTGoNU).
Storm Lake National Wildlife Refuge
Storm Lake National Wildlife Refuge  is a National Wildlife Refuge in Sargent County, North Dakota.  It is managed under Tewaukon National Wildlife Refuge.

This is a limited-interest national wildlife refuge. The FWS has an easement on private property allowing it to manage wildlife habitat, but the land remains private property. There is no public access although wildlife may be observed from adjacent public roads. Limited-interest refuges were created in the 1930s and 1940s in response to declining waterfowl populations and the need to get people back to work during the Great Depression. Many landowners sold easements allowing the federal government to regulate water levels and restrict hunting.

Tewaukon National Wildlife Refuge
Tewaukon National Wildlife Refuge is located in southeastern North Dakota along the western edge of the northern tallgrass prairie, about 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Cayuga, in Sargent County. The Wild Rice River flows through the Refuge and then into Lake Tewaukon. Established in 1945, the 8,363-acre (33.84 km2) Refuge is located in the Prairie Pothole Region, one of the most biologically productive areas on earth. It lies within the Tewaukon Wetland Management District.
Monique Pavão
Monique Marinho Pavão (born 31 October 1986) is a female  Brazilian volleyball player. She is part of the Brazil women's national volleyball team. On club level she played for SESI in 2014. She often competes alongside her twin sister Michelle.

Praia Clube
Praia Clube (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpɾajɐ ˈklubi]) is a social and sports club from Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. It is best known for its professional volleyball teams which play in the Brazilian Women's and Men's Superleague.
Chaoyangodens
Chaoyangodens is an extinct genus of eutriconodont mammal from the Early Cretaceous of China. It includes a single species, Chaoyangodens lii, known from a single complete skeleton recovered from the Dawangzhangzi bed of the Yixian Formation, part of the fossiliferous Jehol biota. Chaoyangodens was a moderate-sized Mesozoic mammal (about 10.9 cm or 4.3 inches from snout tip to hip). The generic name refers to Chaoyang Prefecture while the specific name honors the collector of the fossil, Hai-Jun Li. Chaoyangodens is intermediate in age between Liaoconodon (from the younger Jiufotang Formation) and a diverse fauna of eutriconodonts from older beds of the Yixian Formation. Like Liaoconodon, it is not easily equated with other eutriconodonts, since it bears distinctive dental traits relative to recognized eutriconodont subgroups.

Eutriconodonta
Eutriconodonta is an order of early mammals. Eutriconodonts existed in Asia (including pre-contact India), Africa, Europe, North and South America during the Jurassic and the Cretaceous periods. The order was named by Kermack et al. in 1973 as a replacement name for the paraphyletic Triconodonta.

Traditionally seen as the classical Mesozoic small mammalian insectivores, discoveries over the years have shown them to be among the best examples of the diversity of mammals in this time period, including a vast variety of bodyplans, ecological niches and locomotion methods.
Gifhorn Castle
Gifhorn Castle (German: Schloss Gifhorn) is a castle in Gifhorn, Germany, built between 1525 and 1581 in the Weser Renaissance style. The castle was fortified until 1790 with moats, ramparts and bastions and was never captured. In the 16th century it was the Residenz of the Duchy of Gifhorn under Duke Francis of Brunswick-Lüneburg for just 10 years.

Gifhorn
Gifhorn (German pronunciation: [ˈɡɪfhɔʁn] ⓘ) is a town and capital of the district of Gifhorn in the east of Lower Saxony, Germany. It has a population of about 42,000 and is mainly influenced by the small distance to the more industrial and commercially important cities nearby, Brunswick and Wolfsburg. Further, Gifhorn is part of the Hanover-Brunswick-Göttingen-Wolfsburg Metropolitan Region. The Municipality Gifhorn includes the villages of Gamsen, Gifhorn, Kästorf, Neubokel, Wilsche and Winkel.