hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Embassy of the United States, Dhaka
The Embassy of the United States of America in Dhaka is the diplomatic mission of the United States in Bangladesh. It is located in Baridhara. The embassy has 400 staff led by the US Ambassador to Bangladesh.

Archer Blood
Archer Kent Blood (March 20, 1923 – September 3, 2004) was an American career diplomat and academic. He served as the last American Consul General to Dhaka, Bangladesh (East Pakistan at the time). He is famous for sending the strongly worded "Blood Telegram" protesting against the atrocities committed in the Bangladesh Liberation War. He also served in Greece, Algeria, Germany, Afghanistan and ended his career as chargé d'affaires of the U.S. Embassy in New Delhi, India, retiring in 1982.
Pedro Cerezo Galán
Pedro Cerezo Galán (born 14 February 1935, Hinojosa del Duque) is a Spanish philosopher and university professor. His specialty is contemporary Western philosophy, including modern Spanish thinkers such as José Ortega y Gasset, Xavier Zubiri and Antonio Machado.

José Ortega y Gasset
José Ortega y Gasset (/ɔːrˈteɪɡə/ or-TAY-gə, Spanish: [xoˈse oɾˈteɣa j ɣaˈset]; 9 May 1883 – 18 October 1955) was a Spanish philosopher and essayist. He worked during the first half of the 20th century while Spain oscillated between monarchy, republicanism and dictatorship. His philosophy has been characterized as a "philosophy of life" that "comprised a long-hidden beginning in a pragmatist metaphysics inspired by William James and with a general method from a realist phenomenology imitating Edmund Husserl, which served both his proto-existentialism (prior to Martin Heidegger's) and his realist historicism, which has been compared to both Wilhelm Dilthey and Benedetto Croce."
Small population size
Small populations can behave differently from larger populations. They are often the result of population bottlenecks from larger populations, leading to loss of heterozygosity and reduced genetic diversity and loss or fixation of alleles and shifts in allele frequencies. A small population is then more susceptible to demographic and genetic stochastic events, which can impact the long-term survival of the population. Therefore, small populations are often considered at risk of endangerment or extinction, and are often of conservation concern.

Muller's ratchet
In evolutionary genetics, Muller's ratchet (named after American geneticist Hermann Joseph Muller, by analogy with a ratchet effect) is a process which, in the absence of recombination (especially in an asexual population), results in an accumulation of irreversible deleterious mutations. That happens because in the absence of recombination, and assuming reverse mutations are rare, offspring bear at least as much mutational load as their parents.

Muller proposed the mechanism as one reason why sexual reproduction may be favored over asexual reproduction, as sexual organisms benefit from recombination and consequent elimination of deleterious mutations. The negative effect of accumulating irreversible deleterious mutations may not be prevalent in organisms which, while they reproduce asexually, also undergo other forms of recombination. This effect has also been observed in those regions of the genomes of sexual organisms that do not undergo recombination.
Jason Marshall (baseball)
Jason David Marshall (born June 27, 1970) in an American college baseball coach and former shortstop. Marshall played college baseball at Texas A&M University from 1989 to 1992 for coach Mark Johnson. He was then drafted in the 13th round by the Kansas City Royals, where he played in their organization from 1992 to 1995. Marshall was the head baseball coach at the University of Texas at San Antonio from 2013 to 2019.

Mark Johnson (baseball coach)
Mark Johnson is a Hall of Fame College Baseball Coach who coached the Texas A&M Aggies baseball team from 1985 to 2005 and Sam Houston State from 2007 to 2011. Johnson led the Aggies to the NCAA playoffs 13 times, College World Series appearances in 1993 and 1999, won the Big 12 Conference regular-season crown in 1998 and 1999, won the Southwest Conference championship three times (1986, 1989, 1993). Johnson retired with 1,043 career wins.

With Sam Houston State, he led the Bearkats to three Southland Conference baseball tournament championships and three NCAA Regional appearances in 5 years as head coach. Johnson coached his 1,000th career win during his fourth season with the Bearkats on March 8, 2010. He was the 44th head baseball coach to pass 1,000 career wins. In his first 4 years at Sam Houston, his Bearkats had set 26 school records, and also produced 7 Academic All-Southland players.
Limes Mauretaniae
The Limes Mauretaniae was a portion of a 4,000-kilometre (2,500 mi) Roman fortified border (limes) in Africa approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) south of the modern day Algiers.

Stretching between Auzia (Sour El-Ghozlane, Algeria) and Numerus Syrorum (Maghnia, Algeria), it was a portion of the North African border fortification and security line of the Roman Empire which reached from the Atlantic coast to the Limes Tripolitanus in Tunisia.

Limes (Roman Empire)
Limes (Latin; sg., pl.: limites) is a term used primarily for the Germanic border defence or delimiting system of ancient Rome marking the borders of the Roman Empire. The term has been extended in modern times to refer to the frontier defences in other parts of the empire, such as in the east and in Africa.
1960 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
The 1960 United States presidential election in Washington took place on November 8, 1960, as part of the 1960 United States presidential election. State voters chose nine representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Washington was won by incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon (R–California), running with United States Ambassador to the United Nations Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., with 50.68% of the popular vote, against Senator John F. Kennedy (D–Massachusetts), running with Senator Lyndon B. Johnson, with 48.27% of the popular vote.

This was the first time since 1892 that Washington state backed a losing Republican candidate, though it did back Progressive candidate and former Republican Theodore Roosevelt in his third party bid in 1912.

1892 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
The 1892 United States presidential election in Washington took place on November 8, 1892, as part of the 1892 United States presidential election. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Washington participated in its first ever presidential election, having become the 42nd state on November 11, 1889. The state voted for the Republican incumbent president, Benjamin Harrison, over the Democratic candidate and former president, Grover Cleveland by a margin of 6,626 votes, or a 7.53% margin.
Álvaro Vaz de Almada, 1st Count of Avranches
Álvaro Vaz de Almada, 1st Count of Avranches (c. 1390 – 20 May 1449) was a Portuguese knight and nobleman, with a long and illustrious career abroad in England. He was invested by the English king, Henry VI as the 1st Count of Avranches (in Portuguese: Conde de Abranches) and made a Knight of the Garter.

He was captain-general of the city of Lisbon and he died at the Battle of Alfarrobeira in 1449.

His likeness appeared on the now-obsolete Portuguese five-escudo banknote.

He is sometimes referred to with the wrong name Albro Vasques d' Almadea Earl of Averence.

John I of Portugal
John I (Portuguese: João [ʒuˈɐ̃w̃]; 11 April 1357 – 14 August 1433), also called John of Aviz, was King of Portugal from 1385 until his death in 1433. He is recognized chiefly for his role in Portugal's victory in a succession war with Castile, preserving his country's independence and establishing the Aviz (or Joanine) dynasty on the Portuguese throne. His long reign of 48 years, the most extensive of all Portuguese monarchs, saw the beginning of Portugal's overseas expansion. John's well-remembered reign in his country earned him the epithet of Fond Memory (de Boa Memória).
Newbold Verdon
Newbold Verdon is a village and civil parish in the county of Leicestershire, England. The parish includes Newbold Heath to the north and Brascote to the south. Originally an agricultural centre Newbold Verdon grew in size during the 1850s with the expansion of coal mining in the area. That industry has now ceased leaving Newbold Verdon as a commuter village primarily serving Leicester (9 .5 miles east) and Hinckley (8.5 miles south). The 2001 census recorded a population of 3,193, which had reduced to 3,012 at the 2011 census.

Newbold Verdon is situated on the B582 route between the similar-sized villages of Barlestone and Desford, and is 4 miles (6.4 km) east of the small market town of Market Bosworth.

Hinckley
Hinckley is a market town in south-west Leicestershire, England, administered by Hinckley and Bosworth Borough Council. Hinckley is the third largest settlement in Leicestershire, after Leicester and Loughborough, and is about halfway between Leicester and Coventry, close to Nuneaton and Watling Street, on the border with Warwickshire. The town is part of an urban area with the large village of Burbage to the south.
Wythmail
The deserted village of Wythmail is located 4.5 miles south of Kettering in the English county of Northamptonshire. The village of Orlingbury is 1.1 miles to the east. Wythmail was part of the parish of Orlingbury.

Kettering
Kettering is a market and industrial town in the North Northamptonshire district of Northamptonshire, England. It lies 45 miles (72 km) west of Cambridge, 31 miles (50 km) south-west of Peterborough, 28 miles (45 km) south-east of Leicester and 15 miles (24 km) north-east of Northampton; it is west of the River Ise, a tributary of the River Nene. The name means "the place (or territory) of Ketter's people (or kinsfolk)".

At the 2021 census, Kettering had a population of 63,150. It is part of the East Midlands, along with the rest of Northamptonshire.
2nd Derbyshire Militia (Chatsworth Rifles)
The 2nd Derbyshire Militia was an auxiliary regiment raised in the county of Derbyshire in the North Midlands of England during the Crimean War. It later became part of the Sherwood Foresters. It transferred to the Special Reserve (SR) under the Haldane Reforms and supplied reinforcements to the fighting battalions during World War I. After a shadowy postwar existence the unit was finally disbanded in 1953.

British Army First World War reserve brigades
The article lists British Army reserve brigades in World War I. At the start of the war volunteers in the vast majority of cases joined their local infantry regiment's reserve battalion. As the army expanded rapidly, further reserve battalions and brigades were formed. After conscription was introduced in 1916 the existing regimental system could not cope with the large influx of recruits and the existing reserve brigades were incorporated into the Training Reserve, with an official complement of over 209,000 soldiers, in addition to the regimental training units.
Depressive personality disorder
Depressive personality disorder, also known as melancholic personality disorder, is a former psychiatric diagnosis that denotes a personality disorder with depressive features.

Originally included in the American Psychiatric Association's DSM-II,, depressive personality disorder was removed from the DSM-III and DSM-III-R. The latest description of depressive personality disorder is described in Appendix B in the DSM-IV-TR. Although no longer listed as a personality disorder in the DSM-5, the diagnosis of subclinical Other Specified Personality Disorder and Unspecified Personality Disorder can be used instead.

While depressive personality disorder shares some similarities with mood disorders such as dysthymia, it also shares many similarities with other personality disorders including avoidant personality disorder. Some researchers argue that depressive personality disorder is sufficiently distinct from these other conditions so as to warrant a separate diagnosis.

Pessimism
Pessimism is a mental attitude in which an undesirable outcome is anticipated from a given situation. Pessimists tend to focus on the negatives of life in general. A common question asked to test for pessimism is "Is the glass half empty or half full?"; in this situation, a pessimist is said to see the glass as half empty, or in extreme cases completely empty, while an optimist is said to see the glass as half full. Throughout history, the pessimistic disposition has had effects on all major areas of thinking.
1930 International League season
The 1930 International League was a Class AA baseball season played between April 16 and September 21. Eight teams played a 168-game schedule, with the first place team winning the pennant.

The Rochester Red Wings won the International League pennant, finishing in first place, eight games ahead of the second place Baltimore Orioles.

Baltimore Orioles (minor league)
The city of Baltimore, Maryland, has been home to two Minor League Baseball teams called the Baltimore Orioles, in addition to the three Major League Baseball teams that have used the name (the first of which played in the American Association in 1882 to 1891, then joined the National League from 1892 to 1899, the second being the American League charter franchise which played for two seasons in 1901 and 1902, and the modern AL team since April 1954.)
Erromanga language
Erromangan, or Sie (Sye), is the primary language spoken on the island Erromango in the Tafea region of the Vanuatu islands. The other Erromanga languages are either moribund or extinct. Although the island is quite large (887 km2), the total number of speakers of Erromango is estimated at 1900.

Prefix
A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word. Particularly in the study of languages, a prefix is also called a preformative, because it alters the form of the word to which it is affixed.

Prefixes, like other affixes, can be either inflectional, creating a new form of a word with the same basic meaning and same lexical category, or derivational, creating a new word with a new semantic meaning and sometimes also a different lexical category. Prefixes, like all affixes, are usually bound morphemes.

English has no inflectional prefixes, using only suffixes for that purpose. Adding a prefix to the beginning of an English word changes it to a different word. For example, when the prefix un- is added to the word happy, it creates the word unhappy.

The word prefix is itself made up of the stem fix (meaning "attach", in this case), and the prefix pre- (meaning "before"), both of which are derived from Latin roots.
Tim Paul
Tim Paul (born 1950) is a member of the Hesquiaht tribe from the Nuu-Chah-Nulth first nation. He is a master carver from Esperanza Inlet, British Columbia, Canada.  He was the senior carver at the Royal British Columbia Museum until 1992 when he left to oversee an indigenous education program for the Port Alberni school board on Vancouver Island.

Nuu-chah-nulth
The Nuu-chah-nulth (/nuːˈtʃɑːnʊlθ/ noo-CHAH-nuulth; Nuu-chah-nulth: Nuučaan̓ułʔatḥ [nuːt͡ʃaːnˀuɬʔatħ]), also formerly referred to as the Nootka, Nutka, Aht, Nuuchahnulth or Tahkaht, are one of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast in Canada. The term Nuu-chah-nulth is used to describe fifteen related tribes whose traditional home is on the west coast of Vancouver Island.

In precontact and early post-contact times, the number of tribes was much greater, but the smallpox epidemics and other consequences of contact with Europeans resulted in the disappearance of some groups and the absorption of others into neighbouring groups. The Nuu-chah-nulth are related to the Kwakwaka'wakw, the Haisla, and the Ditidaht First Nation. The Nuu-chah-nulth language belongs to the Wakashan family.

The governing body is the Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Council.
Reginald John Gross
Reginald John "Reg" Gross (born October 3, 1948) is a consultant and former political figure in Saskatchewan, Canada. He represented Gravelbourg from 1971 to 1975 and Morse from 1978 to 1982 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a New Democratic Party (NDP) member.

He was born in Vanguard, Saskatchewan, the son of Edward William Gross and Emilie T. Biesick, both natives of Germany. In 1974, he married Debbie McDonald. Gross was defeated by Jack Wiebe when he ran in the Morse provincial riding in 1975 and then defeated Wiebe in the 1978 general election. He served in the Saskatchewan cabinet as Minister of Tourism and Renewable Resources and as Minister of Government Services. Gross was defeated by Harold Martens when he ran for reelection in 1982.

He established and is head of C-Green Aggregators, an agricultural carbon credit trading firm. As of 2012, Gross was a vice-president of Points West Consulting Inc.

Jack Wiebe
John Edward Neil "Jack" Wiebe SOM (May 31, 1936 – April 16, 2007) was a Canadian farmer and politician. He served as a provincial politician, the 18th lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan and also as was appointed to the Senate of Canada.
Tunab
Tunab (Persian: توناب, also Romanized as Tūnāb) is a village in Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District, Kakavand District, Delfan County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 73, in 10 families.

Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District
Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان ایتیوند جنوبی) is in Itivand District of Delfan County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qomesh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kahriz-e Varvasht.
Sh 2-126
Sh 2-126 (also known as Great Lacerta Nebula or Star Funnel Nebula) is a large emission nebula and molecular cloud complex in the constellation Lacerta. It is a prominent member of the Lacerta OB1 association.

The primary source of ionization is the bright O-type star 10 Lacertae (O9V), a member of the Lacerta OB1 association. Additional ultraviolet radiation comes from other massive stars in the association, as well as from the embedded Herbig Ae/Be star V375 Lacertae (A7Ve).

Lacerta
Lacerta is one of the 88 modern constellations defined by the International Astronomical Union. Its name is Latin for lizard. A small, faint constellation, it was defined in 1687 by the astronomer Johannes Hevelius. Its brightest stars form a "W" shape similar to that of Cassiopeia, and it is thus sometimes referred to as 'Little Cassiopeia'. It is located between Cygnus, Cassiopeia and Andromeda on the northern celestial sphere. The northern part lies on the Milky Way.
Madagascar lowland forests
The Madagascar lowland forests or Madagascar humid forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion found on the eastern coast of the island of Madagascar, home to a plant and animal mix that is 80 to 90% endemic, with the forests of the eastern plain being a particularly important location of this endemism. They are included in the Global 200 list of outstanding ecoregions.

Central Highlands (Madagascar)
The Central Highlands, Central High Plateau, or Hautes-Terres are a mountainous biogeographical region in central Madagascar. They include the contiguous part of the island's interior above 800 m (2,600 ft) elevation. The Central Highlands are separated from the Northern Highlands of the northern tip of Madagascar by a low-lying valley, the Mandritsara Window, which has apparently acted as a barrier to dispersal for species in the highlands, leading to species pairs such as Voalavo gymnocaudus and Voalavo antsahabensis in the Northern and Central Highlands. Species restricted to the Central Highlands include the bats Miniopterus manavi and Miniopterus sororculus; the rodents Brachyuromys betsileoensis and Voalavo antsahabensis; the tenrecs Hemicentetes nigriceps and Oryzorictes tetradactylus; and the lemur Cheirogaleus sibreei. Because of the continuous habitat of the Central Highlands, there is little local endemism, unlike the Northern Highlands.
Enna
Enna (Italian pronunciation: [ˈɛnna] ⓘ or [ˈenna]; Ancient Greek: Ἔννα; Latin: Henna, less frequently Haenna), known from the Middle Ages until 1926 as Castrogiovanni (Sicilian: Castrugiuvanni [ˌkaʂʂ(ɽ)ʊddʒʊˈvannɪ]), is a city and comune located roughly at the center of Sicily, southern Italy, in the province of Enna, towering above the surrounding countryside. It has earned the nicknames belvedere (panoramic viewpoint) and ombelico ('navel') of Sicily. It has about 25,000 inhabitants.

At 931 m (3,054 ft) above sea level, Enna is the highest Italian provincial capital.

Frederick III of Sicily
Frederick III (also Frederick II, Latin: Federicus, Italian: Federico, Sicilian: Fidiricu); 13 December 1272 – 25 June 1337) was the regent of the Kingdom of Sicily from 1291 until 1295 and subsequently King of Sicily from 1295 until his death. He was the third son of Peter III of Aragon and served in the War of the Sicilian Vespers on behalf of his father and brothers, Alfonso ΙΙΙ and James ΙΙ. He was confirmed as king by the Peace of Caltabellotta in 1302. His reign saw important constitutional reforms: the Constitutiones regales, Capitula alia, and Ordinationes generales.
Yemen TV
Yemen TV (Arabic: الفضائية اليمنية) is the public national television station in Yemen and is also a governmental entity of Yemen. Its terrestrial network broadcasts throughout Yemen and border areas in Saudi Arabia and Oman, and may reach as far as Djibouti 24 hours a day.

Cabinet of Yemen
The Cabinet of Yemen or Yemeni Government or Yemenite Government is the executive body of the internationally recognized government of the Republic of Yemen, appointed by Rashad al-Alimi as the chairman of the Presidential Leadership Council (PLC).
Viktor Kolář
Viktor Kolář (born 7 September 1941) is a Czech photographer. Along with Jindřich Štreit, Kolář is considered one of the most important exponents of Czech documentary photography. He mainly depicts urban life in the Ostrava region.

Photo Élysée
Photo Élysée, formerly known as Musée de l'Élysée, is a museum in Lausanne, Switzerland, entirely devoted to photography. It is a government-supported institution founded in 1985 by Charles-Henri Favrod. It was housed in an 18th-century mansion until October 2020.

The museum was temporarily closed from October 2020 until June 2022, as it was moving to a new building. The new building is designed by Portuguese architects Aires Mateus. It has merged with two other museums; the Cantonal Museum of Fine Arts and the Museum of Contemporary Design and Applied Arts.

Succeeding Tatyana Franck, Nathalie Herschdorfer has been in charge since June 2022.
2006 Women's Hockey World Cup
The 2006 Women's Hockey World Cup was the 11th edition of the Women's Hockey World Cup field hockey tournament. It was held from 27 September to 8 October 2006 in Madrid, Spain.

The Netherlands won the tournament for the sixth time after defeating Australia 3–1 in the final. Defending champions Argentina won the third-place match by defeating Spain 5–0. Dutch striker Sylvia Karres was the tournament's top-scorer with 6 goals.

2002 Women's Hockey World Cup
The 2002 Women's Hockey World Cup was the 10th edition of the Women's Hockey World Cup field hockey tournament. It was held from 24 November to 8 December 2002 in Perth, Western Australia.

Argentina won the tournament for the first time after defeating the Netherlands 4–3 in the final on penalty strokes after a 1–1 draw. China won the third place match by defeating defending champions Australia 2–0 to claim their first ever World Cup medal.

For this tournament, the participating nations were increased from the standard 12 (as in the 6 previous editions) to 16.