hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Logone Occidental (prefecture)
Logone Occidental was one of the 14 prefectures of Chad. Located in the southwest of the country, Logone Occidental covered an area of 8,695 square kilometers and had a population of 455,489 in 1993. Its capital was Moundou.

Prefectures of Chad
Chad was divided into 14 prefectures from 1960, the year of independence, to 1999, when the country was divided in 28 departments. A further reorganisation in 2002 divided the country into 18 regions. As of 2024, the country was divided into 23 provinces.

NB : Alphabetic order
Karesi, Balıkesir
Karesi is a municipality and district of Balıkesir Province, Turkey. Its area is 695 km2, and its population is 187,362 (2022).

The district was established in 2012, when Balıkesir Province was declared a metropolitan municipality as a part of the 2013 Turkish local government reorganisation (Law no. 6360). Karesi was created out of the former Balıkesir central district, along with Altıeylül. The name Karesi refers to a short-lived -14th-century Turkmen beylik around Balıkesir.

Zagan Pasha
Zaganos or Zagan Pasha (Ottoman Turkish: زاغنوس پاشا, Turkish: Zağanos Paşa; c. 1426 – 1469) was an Ottoman military commander, with the titles and ranks of kapudan pasha and the highest military rank, grand vizier, during the reign of Sultan Mehmed II "the Conqueror". Originally a Christian, who was conscripted and converted through the devşirme system, he became a Muslim and rose through the ranks of the janissaries. He became one of the prominent military commanders of Mehmed II and a lala – the sultan's advisor, mentor, tutor, councillor, protector, all at once. He removed his rival, the previous Grand Vizier Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Younger, amid the fall of Constantinople. He later served as the governor of Thessaly of Macedonia.
KUHF
KUHF (88.7 FM) (branded as News 88.7) is a public radio station serving Greater Houston metropolitan area. The station is owned by and licensed to the University of Houston System, and is operated by Houston Public Media, also known as Houston Public Radio.  KUHF is housed in the LeRoy and Lucile Melcher Center for Public Broadcasting, along with PBS member KUHT (channel 8), on the campus of the University of Houston on Elgin Street. Local productions include The Engines of Our Ingenuity, Houston Matters, Town Square, and Next Question.

WXPN
WXPN (88.5 FM) is a non-commercial, public radio station licensed to the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that airs an adult album alternative (AAA) radio format. WXPN produces World Cafe, a music program distributed by NPR to non-commercial stations in the United States. The station's call sign, which is often abbreviated to XPN, stands for "Experimental Pennsylvania Network". The station's transmitter is located at the antenna farm complex, in the Roxborough section of Philadelphia.
Aetalionidae
Aetalionidae are a family of treehoppers in the superfamily Membracoidea. Aetalionidae are somewhat like Membracidae in that they have one to three rows of short spines on the hind tibia but differ in having the front femur fused to the trochanter and the scutellum is completely exposed. The females have finger-like protrusions on the genital capsule. The family is mostly Neotropical. The subfamily Biturritiinae is Neotropical while the subfamily Aetalioninae has a Neotropical genus Aetalion and the sole Old World representative genus Darthula with a single species Darthula hardwickii (which is eaten in parts of China and India).

They form aggregations on the branches of trees where they produce honeydew and are associated with ants and stingless bees. Aetalionid treehoppers are also known for their maternal care with females standing guard over their eggs.

When disturbed, species like Darthula hardwickii are known to raise their tails in a threatening posture.

Membracoidea
The superfamily Membracoidea of sap-sucking true-bugs includes two of the largest families within what used to be called the "Homoptera": the leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) and the treehoppers (Membracidae). The other families in this group are quite small, and have, at various points, generally been included as members within other families, though they are all presently considered to be valid, monophyletic groups. The relict family Myerslopiidae is restricted to New Zealand and South America while the Melizoderidae consist of two genera restricted to South America. The great diversity of Neotropical taxa suggests that the group originated in that region.

The Membracoidea share the following anatomical characteristics, a tentorium which is incomplete, the midcoxae are enlarged;  and the mid and hind tibiae have rows of setae. The position of Jascopidae represented by Jascopus notabilis and Homopterulum jelli is not entirely clear but they have setal rows on the front and middle tibiae.
Water motorsports at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Class B
The Class B (under 60 feet) was one of three motorboating classes contested on the Water motorsports at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme. Nations could enter up to 3 boats. In addition to the 60-foot limit, boats were limited to "a total piston area not exceeding that represented by four cylinders each of 155 mm bore."

The B class was held on 28 August, after the abortive first running of the open class. Again only two boats appeared at the starting line, Quicksilver and Gyrinus. Quicksilver became threatened by water coming in over the sides, abandoning the race. Gyrinus, a small boat with an extra crewman to bail water, was able to finish to make its crew the first Olympic champions in motorsports.

Water motorsports at the 1908 Summer Olympics
At the 1908 Summer Olympics, three motorboat racing events were contested. Various sources refer to the sport as "water motorsports", "motor boats", and "power boating". The 1900 and 1908 Summer Games were the only ones to feature motorised sports (motor racing was featured in 1900). The IOC has never decided which events were "Olympic" and which were not.

All three events used the same distance: five laps around an 8-nautical-mile course for a total of 40 nautical miles (74 km). In each of the events, multiple boats started; however, only one finished due primarily to the gale that was blowing during the course of the competition. Events were held on 28 August and 29 August 1908.
Eric McFarland
Eric McFarland (born October 13, 1971) is an American professor, chemical and nuclear engineer, and physician. He is known for his work in the field of sustainable energy, in particular his research on hydrogen production and his role at sustainable energy startups.

Nuclear engineering
Nuclear engineering is the engineering discipline concerned with designing and applying systems that utilize the energy released by nuclear processes.
The most prominent application of nuclear engineering is the generation of electricity. Worldwide, some 439 nuclear reactors in 31 countries generate 10 percent of the world's energy through nuclear fission. In the future, it is expected that nuclear fusion will add another nuclear means of generating energy. Both reactions make use of the nuclear binding energy released when atomic nucleons are either separated (fission) or brought together (fusion). The energy available is given by the binding energy curve, and the amount generated is much greater than that generated through chemical reactions. Fission of 1 gram of uranium yields as much energy as burning 3 tons of coal or 600 gallons of fuel oil, without adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
Hege R. Eriksen
Hege Randi Eriksen (born 18 April 1965)   is the Research Director of Uni Health and Professor at the University of Bergen, Norway.

Eriksen holds a Candidate Scientist in Sport and Physical exercise from the Department of Biology and Medicine, Norwegian University of Sport and Physical Education and a Master of Science in Epidemiology from Erasmus University, Rotterdam.

In 1998 she earned a PhD at the Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, with the thesis "Stress and coping: Does it really matter for subjective health complaints?"

Eriksen published in international academic journals on stress and coping, subjective health complaints, sick leave and rehabilitation. Together with colleague Holger Ursin she developed the Cognitive Activation Theory of Stress (CATS)

Hege R. Eriksen is the past president of the International Society of Behavioral Medicine.

Holger Ursin
Holger Thorvald Ursin (11 February 1934 – 13 August 2016) was a Norwegian physician and psychologist.

He was born in Oslo. He lectured at the University of Bergen from 1967, and was appointed professor from 1974. His research interests focused on neurophysiological mechanisms related to behavior and coping with stress.

He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 2008.
2017–18 FC Bayern Munich season
The 2017–18 season was the 119th season in the history of FC Bayern Munich, a German football club, and their 53rd consecutive season in the top flight of German football, the Bundesliga, since it was established in 1965. Bayern Munich also participated in the DFB-Pokal and the UEFA Champions League. Bayern were the reigning Bundesliga champions, and therefore also participated in the DFL-Supercup. This is the 13th season for Bayern in the Allianz Arena, located in Munich, Bavaria, Germany.

The season was the first since 2004–05 without former captain Philipp Lahm, who retired after the 2016–17 season.

2004–05 FC Bayern Munich season
FC Bayern Munich won the German double for the second time in three seasons, ensuring the first season for Felix Magath as manager was a successful one. With several German clubs suffering from financial difficulties at the time, the title race was a casual stroll for Bayern's star-filled squad, winning by 14 points, since sole rival Schalke 04 fell apart in the last month of the season. Among the key players in the success were Roy Makaay and playmaker Michael Ballack.
Haijō Edict
The Haijō Edict, also known as Haijōrei, (Japanese: 廃城令, Castle abolishment law or Ordinance to dispose of castles) was an edict enacted on 14 January 1873, mainly concerned with the future usage and possible deconstruction of castles in Japan.  This edict was done in conjunction with the Haitō Edict (Sword Abolishment Edict) of 1876, which aimed to abolish the ownership of swords in Japan and the Danpatsurei (Cropped Hair Edict) of 1871, which concerned the relaxing of traditional samurai hairstyles.  This decision was based upon survey information provided by castle garrisons and a twelve person survey team to the Grand Council of State (Daijōkan, or 太政官), who then ordered the Zenkoku Jōkaku Sonpai-rei (全国城郭存廃令), literally the "Ordinance for the keeping and disposal of the country's castles" to deal with the future of these castles.  The name of the edict was eventually shortened to Haijōrei.

Takamatsu Castle (Sanuki)
Takamatsu Castle (高松城, Takamatsu-jō) is a Japanese castle located in central Takamatsu, Kagawa Prefecture, on the island of Shikoku, Japan.  It is also called Tamamo Castle (玉藻城, Tamamo-jō), literally "seaweed castle," for its seawater moats. The castle was headquarters of the Takamatsu Domain, which ruled eastern Sanuki Province (modern-day Kagawa) from 1588 to 1869. It is now a park. The castle site has been a National Historic Site since 1955. This castle is one of three in Japan to use seawater moats, along with Imabari Castle in Ehime Prefecture and Nakatsu Castle in Ōita Prefecture.
Blastoderm
A blastoderm (germinal disc, blastodisc) is a single layer of embryonic epithelial tissue that makes up the blastula. It encloses the fluid-filled blastocoel. Gastrulation follows blastoderm formation, where the tips of the blastoderm begins the formation of the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

Endoderm
Endoderm is the innermost of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the ectoderm (outside layer) and mesoderm (middle layer). Cells migrating inward along the archenteron form the inner layer of the gastrula, which develops into the endoderm.

The endoderm consists at first of flattened cells, which subsequently become columnar. It forms the epithelial lining of multiple systems.

In plant biology, endoderm corresponds to the innermost part of the cortex (bark) in young shoots and young roots often consisting of a single cell layer. As the plant becomes older, more endoderm will lignify.
Tradeoffs for locomotion in air and water
Certain species of fish and birds are able to locomote in both air and water, two fluid media with very different properties. A fluid is a particular phase of matter that deforms under shear stresses and includes any type of liquid or gas. Because fluids are easily deformable and move in response to applied forces, efficiently locomoting in a fluid medium presents unique challenges. Specific morphological characteristics are therefore required in animal species that primarily depend on fluidic locomotion. Because the properties of air and water are so different, swimming and flying have very disparate morphological requirements. As a result, despite the large diversity of animals that are capable of flight or swimming, only a limited number of these species have mastered the ability to both fly and swim. These species demonstrate distinct morphological and behavioral tradeoffs associated with transitioning from air to water and water to air.

Fluid
In physics, a fluid is a liquid, gas, or other material that may continuously move and deform (flow) under an applied shear stress, or external force. They have zero shear modulus, or, in simpler terms, are substances which cannot resist any shear force applied to them.
Chrysogorgia elegans
Chrysogorgia elegans is a species of soft coral in the family Chrysogorgiidae. It is found in the Gulf of Mexico, the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean. Soft coral can also be referred to as sea fans, sea whips, sea feathers, and sea pens.

Chrysogorgiidae
Chrysogorgiidae is a family of soft corals in the suborder Scleralcyonacea. So far, the only fossil record for the family are specimens tentatively identified as Radicipes sp. from Oligocene deep-water strata in western Washington State, USA.

On the deep sea seamounts southwest of Hawaii, the Chrysogorgiidae are the most abundant family of corals.
Ferns Cathedral
The Cathedral Church of St Edan is a cathedral of the Church of Ireland in Ferns, County Wexford in Ireland. It is in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin. Until 1949, the designation of the cathedral was the Cathedral Church of St. Ædan, a variant spelling of Edan or Aidan.

Previously the cathedral of the Diocese of Ferns, it is now one of six cathedrals in the Diocese of Cashel and Ossory.

Diocese of Cashel and Ossory
The United Dioceses of Cashel and Ossory (Full title: the United Dioceses of Cashel, Waterford and Lismore with Ossory, Ferns and Leighlin, Irish: Deoise Chaisil, Phort Láirge, Leasa Móire, Osraí, Fhearna agus Leithghlinne) is a diocese of the Church of Ireland in the south-eastern part of Ireland that was formed from a merger of older dioceses in 1977. The diocese is in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin.
Rodolfo Zelaya
Rodolfo Antonio Zelaya García (born 3 July 1988), commonly known as Fito, is a Salvadoran former professional footballer who played as a second striker. In October 2013, Zelaya was banned from football for one year for his involvement in a match-fixing scandal with the El Salvador national team.

Russian First League
The Russian First League (Russian: Первая лига, Pervaya liga), formerly called Russian First Division (Russian: Первый дивизион) and Russian Football National League (FNL) (Russian: Первенство Футбольной Национальной Лиги, Pervenstvo Futbol'noy Natsional'noy Ligi) is the second level of the Russian football league system.

The Russian Professional Football League (PFL) used to run the division. Since 2011, it has been managed by the Football National League.

The league consists of 18 clubs. After each season the two top clubs are promoted to the Premier League, and the bottom three clubs are relegated to the Second League. Third and fourth team play in home-and-away promotion play-offs against the 13th and 14th Premier League teams. Should one or more clubs not possess the required licence to participate for the upcoming season, the teams previously relegated are kept in the league instead, in the order of last season's standings.
2016 Manila Challenger
The 2016 Manila Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Manila, Philippines between 18 and 24 January 2016.

2016 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2016, was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2016 ATP Challenger Tour calendar contained 166 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $125,000. It was the 39th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 8th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Texel sheep
The Texel is a Dutch breed of domestic sheep originally from the island of Texel off the north coast of the Netherlands. It is a heavy and muscular sheep, often exhibiting extreme muscular hypertrophy, and tends to produce leaner lambs than some other breeds. It is polled, clean-faced and clean-legged, with white face and wool.

The Texel is distributed in approximately thirty-five countries in Europe, the Americas and Oceania, with estimated populations of over 5000 head in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, the Czech Republic and the United Kingdom. It is reared primarily for meat.

A number of other breeds or sub-types derive from it. These include the Blue Texel, a colour variant with breed status; the British Texel, developed in Scotland in the latter twentieth century; the French Texel, developed in France from about 1930; and the Beltex and Swifter breeds.

Border Leicester
The Border Leicester is a British breed of sheep. It is a polled, long-wool sheep and is considered a dual-purpose breed as it is reared both for meat and for wool. It is known for its distinctive upright ears. The sheep are large but docile. They have been exported to other sheep-producing regions, including Australia and the United States.
Peggy Smith
Peggy Smith is the co-founder of Cowgirl Creamery along with Sue Conley.

Both women are credited with their role in developing Northern California's artisan cheese industry. In 2006, with Conley, she won a James Beard award in recognition for "significant and lasting achievements and contributions to the food and beverage industry for ten or more years."

Cowgirl Creamery
Cowgirl Creamery is a company located in Petaluma, California, which manufactures artisan cheeses.  Founded in 1994, the company manufactures its own cheeses and sells other imported and domestic cheese and fine artisan foods.  Its own cheeses include Red Hawk and Mt. Tam (named after Mount Tamalpais). Until April 2021, the company operated a storefront in the Ferry Building of San Francisco. Founders Peggy Smith and Sue Conley worked for years in the kitchens of the Bay Area, and Alice Waters' Chez Panisse, where Peggy worked for many years, is among many Bay Area establishments to incorporate cheeses from Cowgirl Creamery into its menu.
Polyvinyl fluoride
Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) or –(CH2CHF)n– is a polymer material mainly used in the flammability-lowering coatings of airplane interiors and photovoltaic module backsheets. It is also used in raincoats and metal sheeting. Polyvinyl fluoride is a thermoplastic fluoropolymer with a repeating vinyl fluoride unit, and it is structurally very similar to polyvinyl chloride.

Pigment
A pigment is a chemical compound that gives a substance or organism color, or is used by humans to add or alter color or change visual appearance. Pigments are completely or nearly insoluble and chemically unreactive in water or another medium; in contrast, dyes are colored substances which are soluble or go into solution at some stage in their use. Dyes are often organic compounds whereas pigments are often inorganic. Pigments of prehistoric and historic value include ochre, charcoal, and lapis lazuli. Biological pigments are compounds produced by living organisms that provide coloration.
2026 GT World Challenge Europe Sprint Cup
The 2026 GT World Challenge Europe Sprint Cup will be the fourteenth season of the GT World Challenge Europe Sprint Cup following on from the demise of the SRO Motorsports Group's FIA GT1 World Championship (an auto racing series for grand tourer cars).

The season will begin on 2 May at Brands Hatch, and end on 4 October at Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya.

GT World Challenge Europe Sprint Cup
The GT World Challenge Europe Sprint Cup is a sports car racing series organized by the Stéphane Ratel Organisation (SRO) with the approval of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). Born as the FIA GT Series in 2013, it was sponsored by Blancpain from 2014 to 2019, and was variously branded as the Blancpain Sprint Series in 2014 and 2015, the Blancpain GT Series Sprint Cup from 2016 to 2018, and the Blancpain GT World Challenge Europe in 2019. In 2020, Amazon Web Services was named official presenter and the series was branded as "GT World Challenge Powered by AWS". Fanatec concurrently served as title sponsor between 2021 and 2024.

The championship now exclusively races in Europe, but had in previous years visited non-European countries, including Azerbaijan and Russia. The series continues the sprint format for GT-cars carried out by the defunct FIA GT1 World Championship.
EuroBasket 1981
The 1981 FIBA European Championship, commonly called FIBA EuroBasket 1981, was the 22nd FIBA EuroBasket regional basketball championship, held by FIBA Europe. The competition was hosted by Czechoslovakia and took place from 26 May to 5 June 1981.

EuroBasket
EuroBasket, also commonly called the European Basketball Championship, is the main international basketball competition for the senior men's national teams of primarily European countries. It is held every four years and organised by FIBA Europe, the European zone of FIBA, the International Basketball Federation.

The competition was first held in 1935. The former Soviet Union holds the record for most gold medals with 14. The tournament is generally held in August or September, in the offseason of major club competitions. The current champion is Germany, who won the 2025 title.
Illusion of Kate Moss
The illusion of Kate Moss is an art piece first shown at the conclusion of the Alexander McQueen runway show The Widows of Culloden (Autumn/Winter 2006). It consists of a short film of English model Kate Moss dancing slowly while wearing a long, billowing gown of white chiffon, projected life-size within a glass pyramid in the centre of the show's catwalk. Although sometimes referred to as a hologram, the illusion was made using a 19th‑century theatre technique called Pepper's ghost.

McQueen conceived the illusion as a gesture of support for Moss; she was a close friend of his and was embroiled in a drug-related scandal at the time of the Widows show. It is regarded by many critics as the highlight of the Widows runway show, and it has been the subject of a great deal of academic analysis, particularly as a wedding dress and as a memento mori. The illusion appeared in both versions of Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty, a retrospective exhibition of McQueen's designs.

Abrams Books
Abrams, formerly Harry N. Abrams, Inc. (HNA), is an American publisher of art and illustrated books, children's books, and stationery.

The enterprise is a subsidiary of the French publisher Média-Participations. Run by president and CEO Mary McAveney, Abrams publishes and distributes approximately 250 titles annually and has more than 3,000 titles in print.

Abrams also distributes publications for the Victoria and Albert Museum, Tate, Vendome Press (in North America), Booth Clibborn Editions, SelfMadeHero, MoMA Children's Books, and 5 Continents.