hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vietnamese grammar
Vietnamese is an analytic language, meaning it conveys grammatical information primarily through combinations of words as opposed to affixes. The basic word order is subject-verb-object (SVO), but utterances may be restructured so as to be topic-prominent. Vietnamese also has verb serialization. In sentences, the head of the phrase usually precedes its complements (i.e. head-initial), nouns are classified according to series of lexical parameters (noun classifier system), and pronouns may be absent from utterances (pro-drop, sometimes without copula verbs). Question words in the language do not exhibit wh-movement.

Count noun
In linguistics, a  count noun (also countable noun) is a noun that can be modified by a quantity and that occurs in both singular and plural forms, and that can co-occur with quantificational determiners like every, each, several, etc. A mass noun has none of these properties: It cannot be modified by a number, cannot occur in plural, and cannot co-occur with quantificational determiners.
2009 Kontinental Hockey League All-Star Game
The 2009 Kontinental Hockey League All-Star Game was the All-Star game for the inaugural 2008–09 Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) season. It took place on January 10, 2009, at Red Square in Moscow, Russia. The World team won 7–6 over the Russian team.

Red Square
Red Square (Russian: Красная площадь, romanized: Krasnaya ploshchad', IPA: [ˈkrasnəjə ˈploɕːɪtʲ]) is one of the oldest and largest squares in Moscow, Russia. It is located in Moscow's historic centre, along the eastern walls of the Kremlin. It is the city's most prominent landmark, with famous buildings such as Saint Basil's Cathedral, Lenin's Mausoleum, the State Historical Museum and the GUM department store. It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1990. Red Square has been the scene of executions, demonstrations, riots, parades, and speeches. Almost 73,000 square metres (800,000 square feet), it lies directly east of the Kremlin and north of the Moskva River. A moat that separated the square from the Kremlin was paved over in 1812.
Buchimgae
Buchimgae (Korean: 부침개), or Korean pancake, refers broadly to any type of pan-fried ingredients soaked in egg or a batter mixed with other ingredients. More specifically, it is a dish made by pan-frying a thick batter mixed with egg and other ingredients until a thin flat pancake-shaped fritter is formed. It is also commonly eaten in Japanese households, where it is affectionately known as chijimi (チヂミ) or Kego-yaki (警固焼き).

Fritter
A fritter is a portion of meat, seafood, fruit, vegetables, or other ingredients which have been battered or breaded, or just a portion of dough without further ingredients, that is deep-fried. Fritters are prepared in both sweet and savory varieties.
Roman Eremenko
Roman Alekseyevich Eremenko (Russian: Роман Алексеевич Ерёменко; born 19 March 1987) is a professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Veikkausliiga club IF Gnistan. Born in Russia, he represents Finland at international level.

Eremenko is best known for his time at Dynamo Kyiv, winning the Ukrainian Premier League title in 2009, and playing in the Champions League and Europa League. He served a two-year ban for cocaine use from October 2016 to October 2018.

Prior to his ban, Eremenko also played regularly for the Finland national team. He made his international debut in June 2007 at the age of 20, having moved to Finland from Russia as a child.

Ukrainian Super Cup
The Ukrainian Super Cup (Ukrainian: Суперкубок України) is an association football game of the Ukrainian Premier League in traditional super cup format that acts as the grand-opening for every new football competition season in Ukraine. Originally it was set as a contest between the winners of the previous season's Ukrainian Championship and Ukrainian Cup. From 2008 through 2014, it was branded as the Inter Super Cup of Ukraine, in 2017 – Super Cup Fokstrot.

Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the competition is currently suspended.
Elberton, Gloucestershire
Elberton is a village in the civil parish of Aust, in the South Gloucestershire district, in the ceremonial county of Gloucestershire, England. In 2011 it had a population of 99.

The village is located near the River Severn and the Severn Bridge, and is situated on the main road between the villages of Aust and Alveston. The nearest town is Thornbury and the nearest city is Bristol. Neighbouring villages also include Olveston and Littleton-upon-Severn.

Elberton is mostly a farming community, with a church, a village hall, and a garage.

Alveston
Alveston  is a village, civil parish and former royal manor in South Gloucestershire, England, inhabited in 2014 by about 3,000 people. The village lies 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Thornbury and 10 miles (16 km) north of Bristol. Alveston is twinned with Courville sur Eure, France. The civil parish also includes the villages of Rudgeway and Earthcott.
Suzanne Camelia-Römer
Susanne Camelia-Römer, officially Suzy F.C. Camelia-Römer (born 4 January 1959) is a Curaçao politician of the National People's Party (PNP) and a lawyer. She served two times as Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles in 25 November 1993 – 28 December 1993 (1st time ad interim) and 14 May 1998 – 8 November 1999 (2nd time). She was also Minister of Justice from 1992–1994 and Minister of National Recovery and Economic Affairs from 1999–2002. As of March 2016 she is the Minister for Traffic, Transport and Urban Planning of Curaçao. She kept this position in the Hensley Koeiman cabinet which was installed on 23 December 2016.

Hensley Koeiman
Hensley Felix Koeiman (born 21 May 1956) is a Curaçaoan politician who served as the sixth prime minister of Curaçao between 23 December 2016 and 24 March 2017. A member of the Partido MAN, he was Minister of Social Affairs, Employment and Welfare in the Gerrit Schotte cabinet (October 2010 – September 2012). Afterwards Koeiman served in the Parliament of Curaçao from the 2012 general election until his appointment as prime minister. Since 29 May 2017 he has been Minister of Social Affairs, Employment and Welfare in the Eugene Rhuggenaath cabinet.
Máel Petair of Mearns
Máel Petair of Mearns is the only known Mormaer of the Mearns. His name means "tonsured one of (Saint) Peter". Little is known of him except that, in 1094, he is said to have killed King Duncan II of Scotland, suggesting he was an associate of Donald III of Scotland. His father is believed to have been a man called Loren.

Mormaer
In early medieval Scotland, a mormaer was the Gaelic name for a regional or provincial ruler, theoretically second only to the King of Scots, and the senior of a Toísech (chieftain). Mormaers were equivalent to English earls or Continental counts, and the term is often translated into English as 'earl'.
Noble lie
In sociology, social psychology and social philosophy, the concept of a noble lie is a myth or a lie that is prevalent in a society, and that either emerges on its own or is propagated by an elite in order to maintain social order or for the "greater good". It is argued by some to be an example of the psychological concept of groupthink.

Descriptions of it and application of terminology to it, date back as early as ancient Greece in Plato's The Republic.

In his political philosophy work The Republic, Plato presented the noble lie (γενναῖον ψεῦδος, gennaion pseudos) in the fictional tale known as the myth or parable of the metals in Book III. In it, Socrates provides the origin of the three social classes who compose the republic proposed by Plato. Socrates proposes and claims that if the people believed "this myth...[it] would have a good effect, making them more inclined to care for the state and one another."

Social psychology
Social psychology is the methodical study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Although studying many of the same substantive topics as its counterpart in the field of sociology, psychological social psychology places more emphasis on the individual, rather than society; the influence of social structure and culture on individual outcomes, such as personality, behavior, and one's position in social hierarchies. Social psychologists typically explain human behavior as a result of the relationship between mental states and social situations, studying the social conditions under which thoughts, feelings, and behaviors occur, and how these variables influence social interactions.
Musashi Kokufu
The Musashi Provincial Capital ruins (武蔵国府跡, Musashi kokufu ato) is an archaeological site with the ruins of a Nara to Heian period government administrative complex located in what is now part of the city of Fuchū, Tokyo in the Kantō region of Japan. Identified as the ruins of the kokufu (provincial capital) of Musashi Province, the site has been protected as a National Historic Site from 2009.

Fuchū, Tokyo
Fuchū (府中市, Fuchū-shi) is a city located in the western portion of the Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. Fuchū serves as a regional commercial center and a commuter town for workers in central Tokyo. The city hosts large scale manufacturing facilities for Toshiba, NEC and Suntory, as well as the Bank of Japan's main computer operations center. Local sporting attractions include the Tokyo Racecourse and the training grounds of Top League rugby teams Toshiba Brave Lupus and Suntory Sungoliath.

As of 1 August 2025, the city had an estimated population of 264,534, and a population density of 8,989 persons per square kilometer. The total area of the city is 29.43 square kilometres (11.36 sq mi).
Luis Advíncula
Luis Jan Piers Advíncula Castrillón (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlwis aðˈβiŋkula]; born 2 March 1990) is a Peruvian professional footballer who plays for Peruvian Primera División club Alianza Lima and the Peru national team. A quick and offensive right-back, he can also play as a right winger.

Copa de la Liga Profesional
The Copa de la Liga Profesional (English: Professional League Cup; officially named "Copa Diego Armando Maradona" in its first edition) was an official Argentine football cup competition. The cup was planned and organised by the "Liga Profesional de Fútbol", a body linked to the Argentine Football Association (AFA) that replaced the defunct Superliga Argentina. This cup was conceived as a contingency competition after the schedule for a regular league season had been repeatedly delayed because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

After the death of Diego Maradona in November 2020, the competition was named after him. Nevertheless, the LPF executives decided to suppress the "Diego Maradona" name to keep distance from the conflict between Maradona's heirs and lawyer Matías Morla, owner of the brand and former representative of Maradona.

Boca Juniors was the first champion of the competition, after beating Banfield in the final.
Hercules (1983 film)
Hercules is a 1983 fantasy film written and directed by Luigi Cozzi and starring bodybuilder-turned-actor Lou Ferrigno, Brad Harris, Sybil Danning, and William Berger. It is loosely based on Greek mythology, plus elements of Cozzi's earlier science fiction opus Starcrash. It received mostly negative reviews, but was a modest financial success. Ferrigno reprised his role in the 1985 sequel, The Adventures of Hercules.

Minos
In Greek mythology, Minos (/ˈmaɪnɒs, -nəs/ ⓘ; Greek: Μίνως, [mǐːnɔːs]) was a king of Crete, son of Zeus and Europa. Every nine years, he made King Aegeus pick seven young boys and seven young girls to be sent to Daedalus's creation, the labyrinth, to be eaten by the Minotaur. After his death, King Minos became a judge of the dead in the underworld alongside Rhadamanthus and Aeacus.

Archeologist Sir Arthur Evans used King Minos as the namesake for the Minoan civilization of Crete. The Minoan palace at Knossos is sometimes referred to as the Palace of Minos though there is no evidence that Minos was a real person.
Nenad Mirosavljević
Nenad Mirosavljević (Serbian Cyrillic: Ненад Миросављевић; born 4 September 1977) is a Serbian former professional footballer who played as a striker.

During his 20-year-long career, Mirosavljević scored over 100 goals in the national championship of Serbia (including its predecessors) with five clubs, most notably Smederevo (formerly Sartid). He also played abroad for two Spanish and two Cypriot clubs, performing with APOEL in the UEFA Champions League.

2002–03 Serbia and Montenegro Cup
The 2002–03 Serbia and Montenegro Cup (in fall season FR Yugoslavia Cup) was the eleventh and last under the name FR Yugoslavia and (after the country was renamed in February 2003) first season of the Serbia and Montenegro's annual football cup. The cup defenders (last winners of the FR Yugoslavia Cup) was Red Star Belgrade, but was defeated by FK Sartid in the final.
Mayor of Gazipur
The Mayor of Gazipur is the chief elected executive of the Gazipur City Corporation. The Mayor’s office oversees civic services, manages public properties, and coordinates the functions of various government agencies within the city. In addition, the Mayor is responsible for enforcing city corporation regulations and state laws, thereby ensuring good governance and the sustainable development of Gazipur.

The mayor's office is located in Nagar Bhaban; it has jurisdiction over all 57 wards of Gazipur City.

Gazipur City Corporation
Gazipur City Corporation (Bengali: গাজীপুর সিটি কর্পোরেশন, abbreviated as GCC), is a local government authority responsible for administering all civic services in the city of Gazipur, Bangladesh. The GCC administration is elected by popular vote every five years. The corporation is headed by a mayor, who oversees a council consisting of 76 councillors representing different wards of the city. The functions and powers of the GCC are defined under the provisions of the The City Corporation act, 2009.

Gazipur City Corporation was established in 2013, it is one of the city corporations of Bangladesh. Gazipur City Corporation's total area is 329.23 square kilometers with approximately has the population of 2,674,697 people in the city corporation area. As of 2018, Gazipur City Corporation had 1.1 million voters.
Stationary state
A stationary state is a quantum state with all observables independent of time. It is an eigenvector of the energy operator (instead of a quantum superposition of different energies). It is also called energy eigenvector, energy eigenstate, energy eigenfunction, or energy eigenket. It is very similar to the concept of atomic orbital and molecular orbital in chemistry, with some slight differences explained below.

Observable
In physics, an observable is a physical property or physical quantity that can be measured. In classical mechanics, an observable is a real-valued "function" on the set of all possible system states, e.g., position and momentum. In quantum mechanics, an observable is described by a linear operator. 
For example, these operators might represent submitting the system to various electromagnetic fields and eventually reading a value.

Physically meaningful observables must also satisfy transformation laws that relate observations performed by different observers in different frames of reference. These transformation laws are automorphisms of the state space, that is bijective transformations that preserve certain mathematical properties of the space in question.
Riverside Inn (Cambridge Springs, Pennsylvania)
The Riverside Inn was a hotel and dinner theater in Cambridge Springs, Crawford County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. Built in the late-1880s at the height of the mineral springs craze in the United States, it was operated as a resort for vacationers heading to the nearby springs that gave Cambridge Springs its name. The Riverside Inn was the first of many resorts to be built during that period. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. The Riverside Inn was destroyed by fire in the early morning of May 2, 2017.

Dinner theater
Dinner theater (sometimes called dinner and a show) is a form of entertainment that combines a restaurant meal with a staged play or musical. In the case of a theatrical performance, sometimes the play is incidental entertainment, secondary to the meal. In the style of a night club, the play may be the main feature of the evening, with dinner less important or optional. "Dinner and a show" can also refer to a restaurant meal in combination with live concert music, where patrons listen to a performance during a break in the meal.

Dinner theater requires the management of three distinct entities: a live theater, a restaurant and, usually, a bar.
Publius Enigma
The Publius Enigma is an Internet phenomenon and an unsolved problem that began with cryptic messages posted by a user identifying only as "Publius" to the unmoderated Usenet newsgroup alt.music.pink-floyd through the Penet remailer, a now defunct anonymous information exchange service. The messenger proposed a riddle in connection with the 1994 Pink Floyd album The Division Bell, promising that the answer would lead to a reward. It remains unclear if the enigma involves a genuinely solvable puzzle as part of an early Internet-based contest or was a convoluted hoax.

Puzzle
A puzzle is a game, problem, or toy that tests a person's ingenuity or knowledge. In a puzzle, the solver is expected to put pieces together (or take them apart) in a logical way, in order to find the solution of the puzzle. There are different genres of puzzles, such as crossword puzzles, word-search puzzles, number puzzles, relational puzzles, and logic puzzles. The academic study of puzzles is called enigmatology.

Puzzles are often created to be a form of entertainment but they can also arise from serious mathematical or logical problems. In such cases, their solution may be a significant contribution to mathematical research.
Marian Bublewicz
Marian Grzegorz Bublewicz (25 August 1950 – 20 February 1993) was a Polish rally and racing driver of 80s born in Olsztyn, the home of Rally Poland. Including the triumph classes, Marian Bublewicz won the Polish Rally Championship 20 times.

European Rally Championship
The European Rally Championship (officially FIA European Rally Championship) is an automobile rally competition held annually on the European continent and organized by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA).
The championship has been organized since 1953 and has competed in different European countries, alternating between rallies on asphalt and gravel. It was the first supranational rally championship that was organized in the world and therefore the oldest one. In 2012 it had 60 editions and in 2013 it was renewed with the merger with the Intercontinental Rally Challenge.
Rudolf Kunz
Rudolf Kunz was a German former professional motorcycle road racer. He competed in Grand Prix motorcycle racing from 1964 to 1977.

In 1965, Kunz set a land speed record of 210.634 km/h (130.882 mph) riding a supercharged 50 cc Kreidler motorcycle at Bonneville Speedway. His career peak came in 1970, when he finished the season ranked third in the 50 cc world championship behind Ángel Nieto and Aalt Toersen.

Ángel Nieto
Ángel Nieto Roldán (25 January 1947 – 3 August 2017) was a Spanish professional Grand Prix motorcycle racer. He was one of the most accomplished motorcycle racers in the history of the sport, winning 13 World Championships and 90 Grand Prix victories in a racing career that spanned twenty-three years from 1964 to 1986, mainly competing in 50cc, 80cc and 125cc displacement classes respectively. His total of 90 Grand Prix victories ranks him fourth only to Giacomo Agostini (122), Valentino Rossi (115) and Marc Márquez (99). In 2011, Nieto was named an FIM Legend for his motorcycling achievements.
Moni Maker
Moni Maker  (February 23, 1993 – May 2, 2014) was an American Standardbred racemare who was one of the most successful trotters in history. After her initial success in her native country she was campaigned internationally, winning major races in France, Sweden, Denmark and Italy. Her biggest wins included the Hambletonian Oaks, Elitloppet, Copenhagen Cup, Breeders Crown and Prix d'Amérique.

Moni Maker retired with 67 wins, 18 seconds and 10 thirds in 105 races earning $5,589,256.

Hambletonian Oaks
The Hambletonian Oaks is a premier harness racing event for three-year-old Standardbred female trotters first run in 1971. The race is operated by The Hambletonian Society, Inc.  which also operates the Hambletonian Stakes for three-year-old for male horses and the Breeders Crown series.
House at 380 Chiltern Drive
The House at 380 Chiltern Drive is a historic house located at 380 Chiltern Drive in the Deerpath Hill Estates development in Lake Forest, Illinois. Developer Henry K. Turnbull and architect Stanley D. Anderson, the planners of the original Deerpath Hill Estates development, built and designed the house in 1930 as part of the development's second addition. The house has a French Norman Revival design in keeping with the revivalist styles used throughout the development; its design features a stair tower, steep roofs with flared eaves, and wall dormers with casement windows. The house is the only one built and designed by Turnbull and Anderson in the second addition and was the last house built by the duo before the Great Depression bankrupted Turnbull.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 12, 2006.

Lake Forest, Illinois
Lake Forest is a city in Lake County, Illinois, United States. The population was 19,367 at the 2020 census. The city is along the shore of Lake Michigan, and is part of the Chicago metropolitan area and the North Shore. Lake Forest was founded with Lake Forest College and was laid out as a town in 1857, a stop for travelers making their way south to Chicago. The Lake Forest City Hall, designed by Charles Sumner Frost, was completed in 1898. It originally housed the fire department, the Lake Forest Library, and city offices.
Horace Pippin
Horace Pippin (February 22, 1888 – July 6, 1946) was an American painter who painted a range of themes, including scenes inspired by his service in World War I, landscapes, portraits, and biblical subjects. Some of his best-known works address the U.S.'s history of slavery and racial segregation. He was the first Black artist to be the subject of a monograph, Selden Rodman's Horace Pippin, A Negro Painter in America (1947), and The New York Times eulogized him as "the most important Negro painter" in American history. He is buried at Chestnut Grove Cemetery Annex in West Goshen Township, Pennsylvania. A Pennsylvania State historical Marker at 327 Gay Street, West Chester, Pennsylvania, identifies his home at the time of his death and commemorates his accomplishments.

Brandywine Museum of Art
The Brandywine Museum of Art (formerly the Brandywine River Museum) is a museum of regional and American art located on U.S. Route 1 in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania on the banks of the Brandywine Creek. The museum showcases the work of Andrew Wyeth, a major American realist painter, and his family: his father N.C. Wyeth, illustrator of many children's classics; his sister Ann Wyeth McCoy, a composer and painter; and his son Jamie Wyeth, a contemporary American realist painter.
Conor Shaughnessy
Conor Glynn Shaughnessy (born 30 June 1996) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a central defender for EFL Championship club Portsmouth.

He is also able to operate as a central midfielder. He has represented the Republic of Ireland national football team at U15 through to U21 level.

2023–24 EFL League One
The 2023–24 EFL League One (referred to as the Sky Bet League One for sponsorship purposes) was the 20th season of the EFL League One under its current title and the 32nd season under its current league division format. The season began on 5 August 2023 and ended on 27 April 2024.