hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Quasiprobability distribution
A quasiprobability distribution is a mathematical object similar to a probability distribution but which relaxes some of Kolmogorov's axioms of probability theory. Quasiprobability distributions arise naturally in the study of quantum mechanics when treated in phase space formulation, commonly used in quantum optics, time-frequency analysis, and elsewhere.

Quasiprobabilities share several of general features with ordinary probabilities, such as, crucially, the ability to yield expectation values with respect to the weights of the distribution. However, they can violate the σ-additivity axiom: integrating over them does not necessarily yield probabilities of mutually exclusive states. Quasiprobability distributions also have regions of negative probability density, counterintuitively, contradicting the first axiom.

Master equation
In physics, chemistry, and related fields, master equations are used to describe the time evolution of a system that can be modeled as being in a probabilistic combination of states at any given time, and the switching between states is determined by a transition rate matrix. The equations are a set of differential equations – over time – of the probabilities that the system occupies each of the different states.

The name was proposed in 1940:

When the probabilities of the elementary processes are known, one can write down a continuity equation for W, from which all other equations can be derived and which we will call therefore the "master” equation.
Cephalotes maculatus
Cephalotes maculatus is a species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they're on. Giving their name also as gliding ants. The species is native across most of the South and Central America, from the Mexican state of Tamaulipas in the north, to the Argentinian province of Tucumán in the south, making it one of the species with the largest native area in the genus Cephalotes Their larger and flatter legs, a trait common with other members of the genus Cephalotes, gives them their gliding abilities.

The species was first given a description and a classification in 1876 by British entomologist Frederick Smith.

Cephalotes
Cephalotes is a genus of tree-dwelling ant species from the Americas, commonly known as turtle ants. All appear to be gliding ants, with the ability to "parachute" and steer their fall so as to land back on the tree trunk rather than fall to the ground, which is often flooded.
Australia men's national water polo team
The Australian national water polo team represents Australia in men's international water polo competitions and is controlled by Water Polo Australia. The national men's team has the nickname of "The Sharks". It is organised into the Asia/Oceania regional group.

2018 FINA Men's Water Polo World Cup
The 16th edition of the Men's FINA Water Polo World Cup were held in Berlin, Germany from September 11 to September 16, 2018. Like the final tournament of the 2007 FINA Men's Water Polo World League all matches were contested in the Europasportpark swimming pool.
Dis (Divine Comedy)
In Dante Alighieri's The Divine Comedy, the City of Dis (Italian: Dite Italian pronunciation: [ˈdiːte]) encompasses the sixth through the ninth circles of Hell.

Moated by the river Styx, the fortified city encloses the whole of Lower or Nether Hell.

Styx
In Greek mythology, Styx (/ˈstɪks/ ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Στύξ [stýks]; lit. "Shuddering"), also called the River Styx, is a goddess and one of the rivers of the Greek Underworld. Her parents were the Titans Oceanus and Tethys, and she was the wife of the Titan Pallas and the mother of Zelus, Nike, Kratos, and Bia. She sided with Zeus in his war against the Titans, and because of this, to honor her, Zeus decreed that the solemn oaths of the gods be sworn by the water of Styx.
Somethin' Else (Cannonball Adderley album)
Somethin' Else is an album by American jazz saxophonist Julian "Cannonball" Adderley, recorded on March 9, 1958 and released on Blue Note in August later that year—his only album for the label. Also on the session is trumpeter Miles Davis in one of his handful of recording dates for Blue Note. Adderley was a member of Davis' group at the time, and the album was recorded shortly after Davis' own landmark album Milestones.

Nat Adderley
Nathaniel Carlyle Adderley (November 25, 1931 – January 2, 2000) was an American jazz trumpeter and composer. He was the younger brother of saxophonist Julian "Cannonball" Adderley, with whom he played for many years.

Adderley's composition "Work Song" (1960) is a jazz standard, and also became a success on the pop charts after singer Oscar Brown Jr. wrote lyrics for it.
Scars (Soil album)
Scars is the second studio album by American rock band Soil, released on September 11, 2001, via J Records. It was the band's major label debut, and J Records' first rock album.

The album's lead single, "Halo", peaked at number 22 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Chart and number 74 in the United Kingdom, becoming the band's breakthrough single. Although the album only managed to peak at number 193 on the US Billboard 200 chart and number 150 on the UK Albums Chart, Scars proved to be Soil's greatest commercial success, having sold 222,000 copies in the United States by July 2004. The album was also certified Silver by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) in 2011, representing the sale of 60,000 copies in the UK.

Throttle Junkies
Throttle Junkies is the first studio album by American rock band SOiL. It was released on May 18, 1999 via MIA Records. It included tracks previously released on the band's EPs Soil and El Chupacabra. While it did not chart in the US, it reached #16 on the CMJ New Music Report.

Not long after the album's release, MIA folded. This led to Soil developing demos that eventually gained them a major label deal with J Records.

The album was re-released with bonus tracks on August 14, 2007.
Brasschaat Airfield
Brasschaat Airfield (Dutch: Vliegveld Brasschaat, (ICAO: EBBT)) is an airfield located 4 kilometres (2 mi) north of Brasschaat, Antwerp, Belgium. Formerly the base of the Belgian Army Flying Service, it is today home to recreational flying, including gliders and microlights.

Brasschaat
Brasschaat (Dutch pronunciation: [brɑˈsxaːt] ⓘ) is a municipality located in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium, and in the Flemish province of Antwerp. The municipality only comprises the town of Brasschaat proper. In November 2006, Brasschaat won the LivCom-Award 2006 for the most livable municipality in the world.
Goran Dragić
Goran Dragić (born 6 May 1986) is a Slovenian former professional basketball player. Nicknamed "the Dragon", he played professional basketball in Slovenia and Spain before entering the NBA in 2008. Dragić also played for the Phoenix Suns, Miami Heat, Houston Rockets, Toronto Raptors, Brooklyn Nets, Chicago Bulls and the Milwaukee Bucks. He was an All-NBA Third Team selection and the NBA Most Improved Player with the Suns in 2014. He was named an NBA All-Star for the first time in 2018 with Miami.

Internationally, Dragić led the senior Slovenian national team to its first FIBA EuroBasket title in 2017, while being named the MVP of the tournament. He is second in all-time points scored for the team and has played ninety games for his country.

FIBA EuroBasket All-Tournament Team
The FIBA EuroBasket All-Tournament Team, or FIBA EuroBasket All-Star Five, is the FIBA Europe award that is bestowed upon the five best players of each FIBA EuroBasket tournament. Pau Gasol holds the record for the most selections in the All-EuroBasket Team, with a total of seven.
Kusatsu Line
The Kusatsu Line (草津線, Kusatsu-sen) is a railway line in western Japan operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West). It connects Tsuge on the Kansai Main Line with Kusatsu on the Biwako Line (Tōkaidō Main Line).

Biwako Line
The Biwako Line (琵琶湖線, Biwako-sen) is the nickname used by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) to refer to the portion of the Tōkaidō Main Line (between Maibara Station and Kyoto Station) and the Hokuriku Main Line (between Maibara Station and Nagahama Station). The section, along with JR Kyoto Line and JR Kobe Line, forms a contiguous service that is the main trunk of JR West's "Urban Network" commuter rail network in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area.
Rożnica
Rożnica [rɔʐˈnit͡sa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Słupia, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Słupia, 20 km (12 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and 52 km (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Słupia, Jędrzejów County
Słupia [ˈswupja] is a village in Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Słupia. It lies approximately 24 km (15 mi) west of Jędrzejów and 56 km (35 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.
Judith Hanson Lasater
Judith Lasater (born 8 March 1947) is an American yoga teacher and writer in the San Francisco Bay Area, recognized as one of the leading teachers in the country.

She helped to found The California Yoga Teachers Association, the Iyengar Yoga Institute in San Francisco, and Yoga Journal magazine. She is the author of numerous books on yoga practice and philosophy.

Yoga teacher training
Yoga teacher training is the training of teachers of yoga as exercise, consisting mainly of the practice of yoga asanas, leading to certification. Such training is accredited by the Yoga Alliance in America, by the British Wheel of Yoga in the United Kingdom, and by the European Union of Yoga across Europe. The Yoga Alliance sets standards for 200-hour and 500-hour Recognized Yoga Teacher levels, which are accepted in America and other countries.
2003 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship
The 2003 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship was the sixth edition of the women's field hockey championship organised by the European Hockey Federation. It was held from 1 until 13 September 2003 in Barcelona, Spain. This was the last EuroHockey Nations Championship with 12 teams. The 4 teams ending 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th were relegated to the first EuroHockey Nations Trophy. The 8 remaining teams played in the 2005 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship.

2005 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship
The 2005 Women's EuroHockey Nations Championship was the 7th edition of the women's field hockey championship organised by the European Hockey Federation. It was held from 14 to 20 August 2005 in Dublin, Ireland.
STAT protein
Members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein family are intracellular transcription factors that mediate many aspects of cellular immunity, proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. They are primarily activated by membrane receptor-associated Janus kinases (JAK). Dysregulation of this pathway is frequently observed in primary tumors and leads to increased angiogenesis which enhances the survival of tumors and immunosuppression. Gene knockout studies have provided evidence that STAT proteins are involved in the development and function of the immune system and play a role in maintaining immune tolerance and tumor surveillance.

Immunosuppression
Immunosuppression is a reduction of the activation or efficacy of the immune system. Some portions of the immune system itself have immunosuppressive effects on other parts of the immune system, and immunosuppression may occur as an adverse reaction to treatment of other conditions.

In general, deliberately induced immunosuppression is performed to prevent the body from rejecting an organ transplant. Additionally, it is used for treating graft-versus-host disease after a bone marrow transplant, or for the treatment of auto-immune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's disease, or Crohn's disease. This is typically done using medications, but may involve surgery (splenectomy), plasmapheresis, or radiation. A person who is undergoing immunosuppression, or whose immune system is weak for some other reasons (such as chemotherapy or HIV), is said to be immunocompromised.
Sindhi languages
The Sindhi languages or Sindhic include Sindhi and its dialects as well as Indo-Aryan languages closely related to it.

Lasi and Sindhi Bhil are sometimes added, but are commonly considered dialects of Sindhi proper. It is not clear if Jandavra is Sindhi or Gujarati.  Though Dhatki is a Rajasthani language, it is heavily influenced by Sindhi and Kutchi. Khetrani shares grammatical features with both Sindhi and Saraiki but is not mutually intelligible with either.

Sindhi Bhili
Sindhi Bhil, (سنڌي ڀيل) is an Indo-Aryan dialect spoken in the Pakistani province of Sindh, as well as some parts of Balochistan. Sindhi Bhil is often referred to as a Sindhi dialect rather than a separate language alongside Lasi.
2006 World Mountain Running Trophy
The 2006 World Mountain Running Championships was the 22nd edition of the global mountain running competition, World Mountain Running Championships, organised by the World Mountain Running Association.

World Mountain Running Championships
The World Mountain Running Championships (World Mountain Running Trophy until 2008), is an international mountain running competition contested by athletes of the members of WMRA, World Mountain Running Association, the sport's global governing body.

The championships include a senior men, senior women, junior men and women events and the team events of these races.

It was first held in 1985 as the World Mountain Running Trophy before obtaining its current moniker in 2009.

The 2020 championships, which were scheduled for 13–14 November in Haria, Lanzarote, Spain, were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The 2021 World Mountain and Trail Running Championships (abbreviated WMTRC 2021), held in Chiang Mai, Thailand, from November 4–6, 2022, combined the World Mountain Running Championships and IAU Trail World Championships.
Trinimontius
Trinimontius is a monotypic genus of harvestman (a member of the order Opiliones) belonging to the family Cosmetidae. Its sole accepted species is Trinimontius darlingtoni. The only known species is from Cuba.

Cosmetidae
Cosmetidae is a family of harvestmen in the suborder Laniatores. With over 700 species, it is one of the largest families in Opiliones. They are endemic of the New World with a Nearctic-Neotropical distribution where a large fraction of the diversity of Opiliones are represented by this single family. 
Cosmetidae have the northern extent of their range into the USA, where a small number species occur in the southern states. However, the family is especially diverse in Mexico, Central America and northern South America; especially the Andean realms. Their range also extends further south into Argentina and southern Brazil, but they are absent in Chile. Cosmetidae are prevalent in Amazonian region, but only relatively few also occur in Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Several species are also found in the Caribbean.
Seven Apostles of Bulgaria
The Seven Apostles (Bulgarian: Свети Седмочисленици, romanized: Sveti Sedmochislenitsi) are seven saints venerated in the Bulgarian Orthodox Church since the 10th century.

They are also revered as the creators and distributors of the Glagolitic and Cyrillic scripts. These saints are Saint Cyril and Methodius who created the Glagolitic script, and their five students Saint Gorazd, Clement of Ohrid, Naum, Angelar and Sava. Although Constantine of Preslav is considered a direct disciple of Methodius, the Church traditionally does not include him because he is not canonized.

In the Russian Orthodox Church, Cyril and Methodius are remembered separately, and their disciples are recognized with the title of Equal-to-the-apostles. The Bulgarian Orthodox Church has set July 27 as the day of the repose of Clement of Ohrid and the feast day of the Seven Apostles.

Equal-to-apostles
Equal-to-apostles or equal-to-the-apostles is a special title given to some saints in Eastern Orthodoxy and in Byzantine Catholicism. The title is bestowed as a recognition of these saints' outstanding service in the spreading and assertion of Christianity, comparable to that of the original apostles.
Little Witch in the Woods
Little Witch in the Woods is an indie life simulation video game developed and published by South Korean studio Sunny Side Up. It launched in early access in mid-2022 for Windows, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S. The game follows Ellie, an apprentice witch who lives in a forest, wears a talking witch hat named Virgil, and is able to fish and brew potions. She must complete her training by helping nearby villagers and meeting other witches.

Little Witch in the Woods left early access and fully released for PC only, on September 15, 2025.

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
Murrisk (barony)
Murrisk (Irish: Muraisc) is one of the baronies of County Mayo, in the southwest of the county. It lies between Clew Bay to the north and Killary Harbour to the south.  Murrisk has an area of 544 km², and includes Clare Island and Inishturk.

It's bordered by the barony of Burrishoole to the north and east, of Carra to the southeast, and the County Galway baronies of Ballynahinch and Ross to the south.

It was known historically as the territory of Upper Owel. Together with the barony of Burrishoole (Buiríos Umhaill, or Lower Owel) it formed part of the area known as the 'Owles', or 'Owels' (Umhaill). The name Murrisk derives ultimately from the place-name Mag Muirisce associated with the legendary figure Muirisc.

Burrishoole
Burrishoole (Irish: Buiríos Umhaill) is one of the nine historical baronies of County Mayo in Ireland. It is named after the former Gaelic territory of Umhaill, which also included Murrisk barony, and roughly means "the borough or territory of Umhall" or "the owles".
Arcinazzo Romano
Arcinazzo Romano is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region of Lazio, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) east of Rome.

Arcinazzo Romano borders the following municipalities: Affile, Jenne, Piglio, Roiate, Serrone, Subiaco, Trevi nel Lazio. It was called Ponza until 1891.

The area of Arcinazzo includes a wide plateau (altopiano in Italian), a popular holiday resort; the plateau is home to the remains of the Villa of Trajan, the summer palace and hunting residence of emperor Trajan.

Subiaco, Lazio
Subiaco is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, in the Italian region of Latium, 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Tivoli alongside the River Aniene. It is a tourist and religious resort because of its sacred grotto (Sacro Speco), in the medieval St. Benedict's Abbey, and its Abbey of Santa Scolastica. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy"). The first books to be printed in Italy were produced here in the late 15th century.
The Murray, East Kilbride
The Murray is a pre-designed residential neighbourhood in the new town of East Kilbride, in South Lanarkshire, Scotland; it lies immediately to the south of the Town Centre. It is adjacent to the Westwood and Greenhills neighbourhoods and Whitehills suburb, to the west, south-west and south-east respectively.

Whitehills, East Kilbride
Whitehills is an area of the Scottish new town East Kilbride, in South Lanarkshire. It is a residential area in the south-east of the town, adjacent to Greenhills. It houses the Ballerup Recreation Area, which includes open land and several football pitches. The site of the former St. Andrews High School has since been redeveloped to create social housing and the Alistair McCoist sports Complex.
Bahinemo languages
The Bahinemo languages are a small family of closely related languages of northern Papua New Guinea. The languages are:

Bitara (Berinomo), Bahinemo (Gahom), Nigilu, Wagu

Mari, Bisis, Kapriman (Sare) – Watakataui, Sumariup.

They are classified among the Sepik Hill languages of the Sepik family.

Bisis language
Bisis is a Sepik language spoken in East Sepik Province, Papua-New Guinea. It is spoken in three villages, including Yembiyembi (4°28′11″S 143°08′41″E﻿ / ﻿4.46974°S 143.144677°E﻿ / -4.46974; 143.144677﻿ (Yembiyembi)) of Gawi Rural LLG in East Sepik Province.
Pensacola Ice Pilots
The Pensacola Ice Pilots were a professional ice hockey team located in Pensacola, Florida. The team was previously affiliated with the Tampa Bay Lightning, Toronto Maple Leafs, New York Islanders (2006–07), and the Chicago Blackhawks.  They have also had a working agreement with the Houston Aeros of the AHL for the 04–05 season.  On June 23, 2008, the ECHL announced that it had terminated the Ice Pilots' membership, effective immediately.

The team's colors (navy blue and gold) and nickname were a tribute to the long history of Naval aviation in Pensacola (Naval Air Station Pensacola is home to the legendary Blue Angels and the National Museum of Naval Aviation).

The home of the Pensacola Ice Pilots was the Pensacola Civic Center, which was referred to as "The Hangar", and has a capacity of 8,150.

The Ice Pilots were formerly the Nashville Knights but moved to Pensacola following the 1995–96 season.

Germany men's national ice hockey team
The German men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of Germany and is controlled by the German Ice Hockey Federation. It first participated in serious international competition at the 1911 European Hockey Championship. When Germany was split after World War II, a separate East Germany national ice hockey team existed until 1990. By 1991, the West and East German teams and players were merged into the United German team. The team's head coach is Harold Kreis.

Germany has won several medals at the World Championships, including three silver medals in 1930, 1953 and 2023, as well as a silver medal at the 2018 Winter Olympics, the team's biggest success in the 21st century.
Norwescon
Norwescon is one of the largest regional science fiction and fantasy conventions in the United States. Located in SeaTac in Washington state, Norwescon has been running continuously since 1978.

"Norwescon", referring to the Pacific Northwest region, was also the name of the 8th World Science Fiction Convention, held in Portland, Oregon, in 1950.

8th World Science Fiction Convention
The 8th World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known as NorWesCon, was held on 1–4 September 1950 at the Multnomah Hotel in Portland, Oregon, United States. The supporting organization was the Portland Science-Fantasy Society.

The chairman was Donald B. Day.