hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025–26 Midland Football League
The 2025–26 Midland Football League season is the twelfth in the history of the Midland Football League, a football competition in England. The Midland League operates four divisions in the English football league system, the Premier Division at Step 5, Division One at Step 6, Division Two at Step 7 and Division Three at Step 8; these four divisions are covered by this article.

The allocations for Steps 3 to 6 for this season were announced by The Football Association on 15 May 2025.

Midland Football League
The Midland Football League, officially known as the Capelli Sport Midland Football League since January 2025 for sponsorship reasons, is an English football league that was founded in 2014 by the merger of the former Midland Alliance and Midland Combination. The league has four divisions that sit at levels 9–12 of the football pyramid.
Andrea Dandolo (admiral)
Andrea Dandolo (died September 1298) was a Venetian nobleman and admiral. He served as the commander of the Venetian fleet during the Battle of Curzola on 8 September 1298, a major naval conflict between the Republic of Venice and the Republic of Genoa. The battle ended in a disastrous defeat for Venice.

Among those captured during the battle was Marco Polo, who reportedly began writing his Travels while imprisoned. Dandolo was also taken prisoner by the Genoese. According to contemporary accounts, unable to bear the shame of such a loss, he committed suicide by repeatedly striking his head against the wooden hull of the galley transporting him to prison, thus depriving his captors of the satisfaction of executing him.

He shared his surname with the prominent Dandolo family of Venice, but no direct genealogical connection to other well-known members of the family, such as Enrico Dandolo or the later Doge Andrea Dandolo, has been established in historical sources.

Dandolo
The House of Dandolo (Italian: [ˈdandolo]) was a patrician family of the Republic of Venice, which produced four Doges of Venice. The progenitor of the family was a merchant named Domenico. The family became more successful by the beginning of the 12th century.
History of baseball in the United States
The history of baseball in the United States dates to the 19th century, when boys and amateur enthusiasts played a baseball-like game by their own informal rules using homemade equipment. The popularity of the sport grew and amateur men's ball clubs were formed in the 1830–1850s. Semi-professional baseball clubs followed in the 1860s, and the first professional leagues arrived in the post-American Civil War 1870s.

Seitz decision
The Seitz decision was a ruling by arbitrator Peter Seitz (1905–1983) on December 23, 1975, which declared that Major League Baseball (MLB) players became free agents upon playing one year for their team without a contract, effectively nullifying baseball's reserve clause. The ruling was issued in regard to pitchers Andy Messersmith and Dave McNally.
Mantle plume
A mantle plume is a proposed mechanism of convection within the Earth's mantle, hypothesized to explain anomalous volcanism. Because the plume head partially melts on reaching shallow depths, a plume is often invoked as the cause of volcanic hotspots, such as Hawaii or Iceland, and large igneous provinces such as the Deccan and Siberian Traps. Some such volcanic regions lie far from tectonic plate boundaries, while others represent unusually large-volume volcanism near plate boundaries.

Lithosphere
A lithosphere is the rigid outermost rocky shell of a terrestrial planet or natural satellite. On Earth, it is composed of the crust and the lithospheric mantle, the topmost portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of up to thousands of years or more. The crust and upper mantle are distinguished on the basis of chemistry and mineralogy.
Carpodiptera cubensis
Carpodiptera cubensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is a tree native to tropical Mexico, northern Central America, Cuba, and southern Haiti.

Two subspecies are accepted.

Carpodiptera cubensis subsp. cubensis (synonyms Berrya ameliae (Lundell) Kosterm., B. floribunda (Urb.) Kosterm., B. mariarum (Standl.) Kosterm., Carpodiptera ameliae Lundell, C. floribunda Urb., C. mariarum Standl., and C. mirabilis Bisse) – Belize, Cuba, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, and eastern, southern, and central Mexico

Carpodiptera cubensis subsp. ophiticola (Bisse) A.Rodr. (synonym Carpodiptera ophiticola Bisse) – Cuba

The IUCN Red List lists the synonym Carpodiptera mirabilis as Critically endangered, with a distribution limited to montane rainforests of Guantanamo Province of eastern Cuba.

Carpodiptera cubensis subsp. ophiticola
Carpodiptera cubensis subsp. ophiticola is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is a shrub or small tree found only in Cuba. It is native to Canasí in Matanzas Province, where it grows near ravines and washes in serpentine outcrops. It is threatened by habitat loss, and the IUCN Red List assesses it as endangered.
Cody McLeod
Wesley Cody McLeod (born June 26, 1984) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey winger who is the assistant director of player development coach for the Minnesota Wild of the National Hockey League (NHL). As an undrafted player, McLeod played for the Colorado Avalanche, Nashville Predators, and New York Rangers. He was best known for his role similar to that of an enforcer.

Milan Hejduk
Milan Hejduk (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmɪlan ˈɦɛjduk] ⓘ; born February 14, 1976) is a Czech–American former professional ice hockey forward. Nicknamed "the Duke", he spent his entire 14-year National Hockey League (NHL) career with the Colorado Avalanche and retired holding the record for most career games as an Avalanche player with 1,020. In 2003, he won the Maurice "Rocket" Richard Trophy as the NHL's leading goal scorer. He is a member of Czech Ice Hockey Hall of Fame.
The Life of the Mind in America
The Life of the Mind in America: From the Revolution to the Civil War is a non-fiction history book by Perry Miller. It won the 1966 Pulitzer Prize for History. Miller writing about "Evangelical Basis" (Book one), "The Legal Mentality" (Book two), "Science" (Book three). Book three was incomplete. The Life of the Mind was published posthumously.

The Evangelical Basis has generated the most influence. The Legal Mentality has been relatively neglected. The sublime is present through the book. The introduction was “The Sublime of American.” Unfortunately, that was not written, because Miller was deceased before the book published. Nature against law and the law's independence are especially relevant of the second book.

Pulitzer Prize for History
The Pulitzer Prize for History, administered by Columbia University, is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It has been presented since 1917 for a distinguished book about the history of the United States. Thus it is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year. The Pulitzer Prize program has also recognized some historical work with its Biography prize, from 1917, and its General Nonfiction prize, from 1962.

Finalists have been announced since 1980, ordinarily two others beside the winner.
Tale of the Destruction of the Rus' Land
The Tale of the Destruction of the Rus' Land (Old East Slavic: Слово ѡ погибели Рꙋскыꙗ земли, romanized: Slovo o pogibeli Russkoi zemli) is a text of Old East Slavic literature dating back to the 13th century and known from two manuscripts of the 15th and 16th centuries. It is a reflection on the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'.

This is one of the most significant works in the Old East Slavic genre of the word, which is considered the forerunner of the essay genre.  The text is not fully known, as only fragments of it have survived.

Alexander Soloviev (historian)
Alexander Vasilievich Soloviev (Russian: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Соловьёв; Serbian: Александар Соловјев; 1890–1971) was a Russian émigré jurist, slavist, and historian of Serbia and Serbian law. His academic activity included research on the Bogumils, Serbian heraldry, philately and archeology, and he also published translations from Russian and French into Serbian. Having fled from Russia not long after the October Revolution, he settled in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, where he became a professor at the University of Belgrade Faculty of Law (1920-1936). After the end of World War II he briefly served as the first dean of the Sarajevo Law School (1947-1949), before Communist repression forced him to emigrate to Switzerland, where he worked as professor of Slavic studies at the University of Geneva (1951-1961).
Ring (chemistry)
In chemistry, a ring is an ambiguous term referring either to a simple cycle of atoms and bonds in a molecule or to a connected set of atoms and bonds in which every atom and bond is a member of a cycle (also called a ring system). A ring system that is a simple cycle is called a monocycle or simple ring, and one that is not a simple cycle is called a polycycle or polycyclic ring system. A simple ring contains the same number of sigma bonds as atoms, and a polycyclic ring system contains more sigma bonds than atoms.

A molecule containing one or more rings is called a cyclic compound, and a molecule containing two or more rings (either in the same or different ring systems) is termed a polycyclic compound. A molecule containing no rings is called an acyclic or open-chain compound.

Heterocyclic compound
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a hydrocarbon-based cyclic compound that contains at least one heteroatom as member(s) of its ring(s). Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles.

Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids, the majority of drugs, most biomass (cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes.  More than half of known compounds are heterocycles.  59% of US FDA-approved drugs contain nitrogen heterocycles.
Arthrobacter alpinus
Arthrobacter alpinus is a psychrotrophic, Gram-positive and aerobic bacterium species from the genus Arthrobacter which has been isolated from alpine soil from the Grossglockner area from the mountain range Hohe Tauern, in Austria.

Psychrophile
Psychrophiles /ˈsaɪkroʊˌfaɪl/ or cryophiles (adj. psychrophilic or cryophilic) are extremophilic organisms that are capable of growth and reproduction in low temperatures, ranging from −20 °C (−4 °F) to 20 °C (68 °F). They are found in places that are permanently cold, such as the polar regions and the deep sea. They can be contrasted with thermophiles, which are organisms that thrive at unusually high temperatures, and mesophiles at intermediate temperatures. Psychrophile is Greek for 'cold-loving', from Ancient Greek  ψυχρός (psukhrós) 'cold, frozen'.

Many such organisms are bacteria or archaea, but some eukaryotes such as lichens, snow algae, phytoplankton, fungi, and wingless midges, are also classified as psychrophiles.
2017 Japan Super Series
The 2017 Japan Super Series is the eighth Super Series badminton tournament of the 2017 BWF Super Series. The tournament took place at the Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan from September 19 – 24, 2017 and had a total purse of $325,000.

Japan Open (badminton)
The Japan Open is an annual badminton tournament held in Japan. It became part of the BWF Super Series in 2007. Since 2018, the BWF has categorized the Japan Open as one of the five BWF World Tour Super 750 events in the BWF event structure.
Populism
Populism is a contested concept for a variety of political stances that emphasise the idea of the "common people", often in opposition to a perceived elite. It is frequently associated with anti-establishment and anti-political sentiment. The term developed in the late 19th century and has been applied to various politicians, parties, and movements since that time, often assuming a pejorative tone. Within political science and other social sciences, different definitions of populism have been employed.

Common Man's Front
The Common Man's Front (Italian: Fronte dell'Uomo Qualunque, FUQ), also translated as  Front of the Ordinary Man, was a short-lived right-wing populist, monarchist and anti-communist political party in Italy. It was formed shortly after the end of the Second World War and participated in the first post-war election for the constituent assembly in 1946. Its leader was the Roman writer Guglielmo Giannini, and its symbol was the banner of Giannini's newspaper L'Uomo qualunque ("The Common Man").
Low-probability-of-intercept radar
A low-probability-of-intercept radar (LPIR) is a radar employing measures to avoid detection by passive radar detection equipment (such as a radar warning receiver (RWR), or electronic support receiver) while it is searching for a target or engaged in target tracking. This characteristic is desirable in a radar because it allows finding and tracking an opponent without alerting them to the radar's presence. This also protects the radar installation from anti-radiation missiles (ARMs).

LPI measures include:

Power management

High duty cycle, meaning the transmitter is on most of the time (long integration times)

Wide bandwidth (or Ultra-wideband)

Frequency agility, and frequency selection

Advanced/irregular scan patterns

Coded pulses (coherent detection)

High processing gain

Low sidelobe antennas

Frequency agility
Frequency agility is the ability of a radar system to quickly shift its operating frequency to account for atmospheric effects, jamming, mutual interference with friendly sources, or to make it more difficult to locate the radar broadcaster through radio direction finding. The term can also be applied to other fields, including lasers or traditional radio transceivers using frequency-division multiplexing, but it remains most closely associated with the radar field and these other roles generally use the more generic term "frequency hopping".
Juanjo Puigcorbé
Juanjo Puigcorbé (born 22 July 1955) is a Spanish actor. He has appeared in over 100 films and television shows since 1977. He starred in the 1993 film The Window Over the Way, which was entered into the 44th Berlin International Film Festival.

He ran in the Republican Left of Catalonia list to the 2015 Barcelona municipal election (second to Alfred Bosch) and became a city councillor.

Alfred Bosch
Alfred Bosch i Pascual (born 17 April 1961) is a Catalan academic, journalist, author, politician and a former Minister of Foreign Action, Institutional Relations and Transparency of Catalonia. He was previously a member of the Congress of Deputies of Spain and a member of Barcelona City Council.
1998 UCI Road World Championships – Men's time trial
The men's time trial at the 1998 UCI Road World Championships was held on Thursday October 8, 1998, from Maastricht to Vilt, within the commune of Valkenburg aan de Geul. The race had a total distance of 43.5 kilometres. There were a total number of 46 competitors, with three disqualifications and one non-starters.

1998 UCI Road World Championships
The 1998 UCI Road World Championships took place in Valkenburg aan de Geul, Netherlands, between 4 and 11 October 1998. The event consisted of a road race and a time trial for men, women, men under 23, junior men and junior women.
Westerado: Double Barreled
Westerado: Double Barreled is an open-world top-down shooter indie video game developed by Dutch studio Ostrich Banditos and published by Adult Swim Games. It was released for PC on April 15, 2015, and for Xbox One on December 9, 2016. It is an enhanced, standalone version of the browser game Westerado. It takes place in the Old West and revolves around the main character's quest for revenge after their family is murdered by a mysterious desperado.

The game received positive reviews from critics, who cited its non-linear gameplay and story as strong points, but criticized its short length.

Adult Swim Games
Adult Swim Games (stylized as adult swim games; formerly Williams Street Games) is the video game publishing division of The Cartoon Network, Inc. While Adult Swim has been publishing games since 2005, primarily based on their in-house franchises, it became an official publisher of original indie games in 2011. The publishing division has been praised by critics for the originality and quality of its games.

The publisher has been largely dormant since 2020, following layoffs at then-owner WarnerMedia, with Samurai Jack: Battle Through Time being their last new title. All of Adult Swim Games' indie titles were either returned to their developers or de-listed in 2024, along with Samurai Jack: Battle Through Time. With Pocket Mortys set to close on April 13, 2026, the Adult Swim Games website was shuttered in February 2026, leaving Rick and Morty: Virtual Rick-ality as the last available title from Adult Swim Games.
Raghuvaṃśa
Raghuvaṃśa (Devanagari: रघुवंशम्, lit. 'lineage of Raghu') is a Sanskrit epic poem (mahakavya) by the celebrated Sanskrit poet Kalidasa. Though an exact date of composition is unknown, the poet is presumed to have flourished in the 5th century CE. It narrates, in 19 sargas (cantos), the stories related to the Raghu dynasty, namely the family of Dilipa and his descendants up to Agnivarna, who include Raghu, Dasharatha and Rama.

The earliest surviving commentary written on the work is that of the 10th-century Kashmiri scholar Vallabhadeva. The most popular and widely available commentary, however, is the Sanjivani, written by Mallinatha (ca.1350–1450).

Vasishtha
Vashistha (Sanskrit: वसिष्ठ, lit. 'most excellent', IAST: Vasiṣṭha) is one of the oldest and revered  Vedic rishis or sages, and one of the Saptarishis (seven great Rishis). Vashistha is credited as the chief author of Mandala 7 of the Rigveda. Vasishtha and his family are mentioned in Rigvedic verse 10.167.4, other Rigvedic mandalas and in many Vedic texts. His ideas have been influential and he was called the first sage of the Vedanta school of Hindu philosophy by Adi Shankara.

The Yoga Vasishtha, Vasishtha Samhita, as well as some versions of the Agni Purana and Vishnu Purana are attributed to him. He is the subject of many stories, such as him being in possession of the divine cow Kamadhenu and Nandini her child, who could grant anything to their owners. He is famous in Hindu stories for his legendary conflicts with sage Vishvamitra. In the Ramayana, he was the family priest of the Raghu dynasty and teacher of Rama and his brothers.
Jeholops
Jeholops is an extinct genus of notostracan which existed in the Yixian Formation, inner Mongolia, China during the early Cretaceous period (Barremian age). It was described by Thomas A. Hegna and Ren Dong in 2010, and the only species is Jeholops hongi.

As with the genus Chenops, and unlike the modern genera Triops or Lepidurus, Jeholops lacked eyes.

Lepidurus
Lepidurus is a genus of small crustaceans in the order Notostraca (tadpole shrimp). It is the larger of the two extant genera of the tadpole shrimps, the other being Triops. They are commonly found in vernal pools and survive dry periods with the help of long lasting resting eggs.

The genus contains the following species:

Lepidurus apus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Lepidurus arcticus (Pallas, 1793)

Lepidurus batesoni Longhurst, 1955

Lepidurus bilobatus Packard, 1883

Lepidurus couesii Packard, 1875

Lepidurus cryptus D. C. Rogers, 2001

Lepidurus lemmoni Holmes, 1894

Lepidurus mongolicus Vekhoff, 1992

Lepidurus packardi Simon, 1886
Long Peak
Long Peak (78°44′S 83°54′W﻿ / ﻿78.733°S 83.900°W﻿ / -78.733; -83.900) is a bare rock peak, 1,200 metres (4,000 ft) high, on the extended ridge line, 7 nautical miles (13 km) east-northeast of Mount Landolt in the Petvar Heights of the southeast Sentinel Range in the Ellsworth Mountains of Antarctica. It overlooks the lower courses of Drama Glacier to the north and Gabare Glacier to the south. The peak was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy aerial photographs from 1957 to 1959, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 1984 after James W. Long, a National Science Foundation physician and consultant on Antarctic health matters for 10 years.

Ellsworth Mountains
The Ellsworth Mountains are the highest mountain ranges in Antarctica, forming a 350 km (217 mi) long and 48 km (30 mi) wide chain of mountains in a north to south configuration on the western margin of the Ronne Ice Shelf in Marie Byrd Land. They are bisected by Minnesota Glacier to form the Sentinel Range to the north and the Heritage Range to the south. The former is by far the higher and more spectacular with Mount Vinson (4,892 meters (16,050 ft)) constituting the highest point on the continent. The mountains are located within the Chilean Antarctic territorial claim but outside of the Argentinian and British ones.
Tōru Doi
Tōru Doi (土井 亨, Doi Tōru; born 12 August 1958) is a Japanese politician who is serving as a member of the House of Representatives. He has served as State Minister of Reconstruction (Third Abe Cabinet (Third Reshuffle) and Fourth Abe Cabinet), State Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (Third Abe Cabinet (First Reshuffle)), Parliamentary Vice-Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (Second Abe Cabinet), Chairman of the House of Representatives Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Committee, and Chairman of the Liberal Democratic Party's Finance and Banking Committee.

Miyagi Prefecture
Miyagi Prefecture (宮城県, Miyagi-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.ja.ɡʲi, -ŋʲi, mʲi.ja.ɡʲiꜜ.keɴ, -ŋʲiꜜ-]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Miyagi Prefecture has a population of 2,265,724 (1 August 2023) and has a geographic area of 7,282 km2 (2,812 sq mi). Miyagi Prefecture borders Iwate Prefecture to the north, Akita Prefecture to the northwest, Yamagata Prefecture to the west, and Fukushima Prefecture to the south.

Sendai is the capital and largest city of Miyagi Prefecture, and the largest city in the Tōhoku region, with other major cities including Ishinomaki, Ōsaki, and Tome. Miyagi Prefecture is located on Japan's eastern Pacific coast  and bounded to the west by the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, with 24% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Miyagi Prefecture is home to Matsushima Islands, a group of islands ranked as one of the Three Views of Japan, near the town of Matsushima.
Hatgyi Dam
The Hatgyi Dam (Burmese: ဟတ်ကြီးဆည်) is a planned hydropower gravity dam to be constructed on the Salween River in southeastern Myanmar. The dam site is in Myanmar's Karen State. The project is being funded by the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT), China's Sinohydro Corporation, and Myanmar's Ministry of Electric Power and International Group of Entrepreneurs (IGE). The dam is expected to produce 1,100 to 1,500 megawatts of power, the majority of which will be exported to Thailand.

Numerous environmental groups and local villagers have decried the project's anticipated ecological and social impact. Criticisms have targeted the project's alleged lack of transparency, damage to the environment, disruption of peace negotiations between the Karen National Union and the Myanmar Army, and impact on local communities, including displacement of local populations.

Gravity dam
A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and designed to hold back water by using only the weight of the material and its resistance against the foundation. Gravity dams are designed so that each section of the dam is stable and independent of any other dam section. (In contrast, sections of an arch dam are not independently stable, and instead rely on transmitting force through neighboring sections to the abutments, often anchored into canyon walls.)