hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Synod of Chester
The Synod of Chester (Medieval Latin: Sinodus Urbis Legion(um)) was an ecclesiastical council of bishops held in Chester in the late 6th or early 7th century. The period is known from only a few surviving sources, so dates and accounts vary, but it seems to have been a major event in the history of Wales and England, where the native British bishops rejected overtures of peace from Augustine's English mission. This led directly to the Battle of Chester, where Æthelfrith of Northumbria seems to have killed the kings of Powys and (possibly) Gwynedd during an attack on the ecclesiastical community at Bangor-on-Dee.

Saint David
David (Welsh: Dewi Sant; Latin: Davidus; c. 500 – c. 589) was a Welsh Christian prelate who served as Bishop of Mynyw during the 6th century. He is the patron saint of Wales.

David was a native of Wales, and tradition has preserved a large amount of detail about his life. His birth date, however, is uncertain: suggestions range from 462 to 512. He is traditionally believed to be the son of Non and the grandson of Ceredig ap Cunedda, king of Ceredigion. The Welsh annals placed his death 569 years after the birth of Christ, but Phillimore's dating revised this to 601.
Dargah of Shah Ata
The Dargah of Shah Ata is a dargah complex, located in Bangarh, Gangarampur, in the state of West Bengal, India; sited adjacent to Dhaldighi Lake. The brick-built structure, likely constructed in the 14th century AD, is a square, roofless mausoleum enclosing the grave of Mollah Atar-Uddin, also known as Shah Ata. Its lower portion is made of stone. Originally identified as a Dargah, it is actually a mosque featuring niches. Four Arabic inscriptions adorn its walls. Remnants suggest a pre-existing Pala-period (c. 750–1161) temple at the site.

Bangarh
Bangarh is an ancient city situated in Gangarampur, West Bengal, India. From the finding of Damodarpur inscription we know that Bangarh was the ancient city and the administrative centre of Kotivarsha Vishaya (territorial division), itself part of the wider administrative unit of Pundravardhana Bhukti (mentioned in the inscription), which had Mahasthangarh as its capital in the period of Chandras, Varmans and Senas. After the Senas were defeated by the Muslims under Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji, Devkot was established as their capital where Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji died.
Henri Gosselin
Henri A. Gosselin (6 December 1888 – 27 January 1952) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Lee, Massachusetts, United States and moved to Canada in 1896. He became a farmer, telegrapher and train dispatcher by career.

Gosselin studied at Lawrenceville and at Sherbrooke College in Quebec. From 1924 to 1927, he was a municipal councillor for Farnham, Quebec and was mayor of Lawrenceville in 1927. He was Farnham's mayor from 1932 to 1938.

In the 1939 Quebec election, Gosselin was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec in the Missisquoi riding as a Quebec Liberal Party member, and re-elected for a second term there in 1944. He was defeated in the 1948 election by Jean-Jacques Bertrand of the Union Nationale party.

Gosselin was first elected to federal Parliament at the Brome—Missisquoi riding in the 1949 election. Before completing his first federal term, the 21st Canadian Parliament, Gosselin died on 27 January 1952.

Jean-Jacques Bertrand
Jean-Jacques Bertrand (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ʒɑk bɛʁtʁɑ̃]; June 20, 1916 – February 22, 1973) was a Canadian politician and lawyer who served as the 21st premier of Quebec, from October 2, 1968, to May 12, 1970. He led the Union Nationale party.
MainStay Suites
MainStay Suites is a midscale, extended-stay hotel franchise. The brand is owned by Choice Hotels International, and operates primarily within the United States. Competing brands include Candlewood Suites by IHG, Premier Suites by Extended Stay America, StudioRes by Marriott International, and LivSmart and LivAway by Hilton Worldwide.

Hilton Worldwide
Hilton Worldwide Holdings Inc. is an American multinational hospitality company that manages and franchises a broad portfolio of hotels, resorts, and timeshare properties. Founded by Conrad Hilton in May 1919, the company is now led by Christopher J. Nassetta. Hilton is headquartered in Tysons, Virginia, United States.

As of December 31, 2023, the company's portfolio includes 7,530 properties (including timeshare properties) with 1,182,937 rooms in 118 countries and territories. Hilton owns or leases 51 properties, manages 800 properties, and franchises out the remainder.
Russian submarine Imperator Aleksandr III
Imperator Aleksandr III (Император Александр III) is a Borei-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine of the Russian Navy. The submarine is named after Alexander III of Russia and was launched on 29 December 2022.

Borei-class submarine
The Borei class, alternate transliteration Borey, Russian designation Project 955 Borei and Project 955A Borei-A (Russian: Борей, lit. 'Boreas', NATO reporting name Dolgorukiy), are a series of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines being constructed by Sevmash for the Russian Navy. The class has been replacing the steadily retiring Russian Navy Delta III and Delta IV classes and fully retired (as of February 2023) Typhoon, all three classes being Soviet-era submarines.

Despite being a replacement for many types of SSBNs, Borei-class submarines are much smaller than those of the Typhoon class in both displacement and crew (24,000 tons submerged opposed to 48,000 tons and 107 personnel as opposed to 160 for the Typhoons). In terms of class, they are more accurately a follow-on for the Delta IV-class SSBNs.
Quanzhou dialects
The Quanzhou dialects (simplified Chinese: 泉州话; traditional Chinese: 泉州話; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Choân-chiu-ōe), also rendered Chin-chew or Choanchew, are a collection of Hokkien dialects spoken in southern Fujian (in southeast China), in the area centered on the city of Quanzhou. Due to migration, various Quanzhou dialects are spoken outside of Quanzhou, notably in Taiwan and many Southeast Asian countries, including mainly the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia.

Carstairs Douglas
Carstairs Douglas (Chinese: 杜嘉德; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tō͘ Ka-tek; 27 December 1830 in Kilbarchan, Renfrewshire – 26 July 1877 in Xiamen, China) was a Scottish missionary and lexicographer, remembered chiefly for his writings concerning the Hokkien language of Southern Min in Southern Fujian, in particular his Chinese–English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy.
Yonglongsha
Yonglongsha, sometimes translated as the Yonglong Shoal or Yonglong Sands, was a former island in the north channel of the Yangtze River to the north of Chongming in eastern China. It was also known as Yongfengsha and Hefengsha. Prior to its absorption by Chongming, it measured about 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) east to west but was very narrow, with an area of about 14 km2 (5.4 sq mi).

Haimen, Nantong
Haimen (simplified Chinese: 海门; traditional Chinese: 海門; pinyin: Hǎimén; lit. 'sea gate', Qihai dialect: [haɪ.məŋ], Shanghai: [hɛ̝.məŋ]) is a district of Nantong, Jiangsu province. Located on the northern bank of the Yangtze River estuary, it faces Shanghai across the river. Renowned as the "Gateway to the Yangtze River and the Yellow Sea" and "Little-Pudong", the district covers about 1,149 square kilometers and had a permanent population nearly 1 million in 2025. With its coastline along the Yangtze and the Yellow Sea, Haimen has historically been famous for fishing and salt production, and in modern times has developed into an important port-based industrial hub.
Dale County School District
Dale County School District, also known as Dale County Board of Education (DCBE), is a school district in Dale County, Alabama. It is headquartered in Ozark.

Most areas in the county are zoned to Dale County School District. However four municipalities have their own school districts: Daleville City School District, Dothan City School District, Enterprise City School District, and Ozark City School District. Additionally residents of Fort Novosel are assigned to schools operated by the Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA), for elementary levels, while on-post Fort Rucker families may attend Daleville, Enterprise, or Ozark schools at the secondary level.

Enterprise City Schools
The Enterprise City School District is a public school district based in the city of Enterprise, Alabama (USA).

It is also one of three municipal school systems that take Fort Rucker (formerly Fort Novosel) families at the secondary level.
1953 New York City mayoral election
The 1953 New York City mayoral election occurred on Tuesday, November 3, 1953. Incumbent mayor Vincent R. Impellitteri ran for re-election to a second term in office but lost the Democratic nomination to Robert F. Wagner Jr. Wagner went on to win the general election with a decisive plurality in a three-way race against Republican Harold Riegelman and Liberal Rudolph Halley.

Wagner enjoyed the support of the powerful Tammany Hall political machine, easily securing him a victory.

Wagner received 46.33% of the vote to Riegelman's 29.97%, a Democratic victory margin of 16.36%. Halley finished in third with 21.16%.

Liberal Party of New York
The Liberal Party of New York is a political party in New York. Its platform supports a standard set of socially liberal policies, including abortion rights, increased spending on education, and universal health care.
Electroviscous effects
Electroviscous effects, in chemistry of colloids and surface chemistry, according to an IUPAC definition, are the effects of the particle surface charge on viscosity of a fluid.

Viscoelectric is an effect by which an electric field near a charged interface influences the structure of the surrounding fluid and affects the viscosity of the fluid.

Kinematic viscosity of a fluid, η,  can be expressed as a function of electric potential gradient (electric field), , by an equation in the form:

where f is the viscoelectric coefficient of the fluid.

The value of f for water (ambient temperature) has been estimated to be (0.5–1.0) × 10−15 V−2 m2.

Surface science
Surface science is the study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases, including solid–liquid interfaces, solid–gas interfaces, solid–vacuum interfaces, and liquid–gas interfaces. It includes the fields of surface chemistry and surface physics. Some related practical applications are classed as surface engineering. The science encompasses concepts such as heterogeneous catalysis, semiconductor device fabrication, fuel cells, self-assembled monolayers, and adhesives. Surface science is closely related to interface and colloid science. Interfacial chemistry and physics are common subjects for both. The methods are different. In addition, interface and colloid science studies macroscopic phenomena that occur in heterogeneous systems due to peculiarities of interfaces.
John Lomax
John Avery Lomax (September 23, 1867 – January 26, 1948) was an American teacher, a pioneering musicologist, and a folklorist who did much for the preservation of American folk music. He was the father of Alan Lomax, John Lomax Jr. and Bess Lomax Hawes, also distinguished collectors of folk music.

Governor of Texas
The governor of Texas is the head of state of the U.S. state of Texas. The governor is the head of the executive branch of the government of Texas and is the commander-in-chief of the Texas Military Forces.

Established in the Constitution of Texas, the governor's responsibilities include ensuring the enforcement of state laws, the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Texas Legislature, overseeing state agencies, issuing executive orders, proposing and overseeing the state budget, and making key appointments to state offices. The governor also has the power to call special sessions of the legislature and, with the recommendation of the Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles, grant pardons.
Time in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo observes UTC+01:00 (West Africa Time) and UTC+02:00 (Central Africa Time). It does not observe DST. It is the only country in Africa to use more than one time zone. About 59% of the Congolese population live in CAT (UTC+02:00).

Central Africa Time
Central Africa Time or CAT, is a time zone used in north central, east central and southern Africa. Central Africa Time is two hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+02:00), which is the same as the adjacent South Africa Standard Time, Egypt Standard Time, Eastern European Time, Kaliningrad Time and Central European Summer Time.

As this time zone is in the equatorial and tropical regions, there is little change in day length throughout the year and so daylight saving time is not observed.

Central Africa Time is observed by the following countries:

Botswana

Burundi

Democratic Republic of the Congo (eastern provinces)

Malawi

Mozambique

Namibia

Rwanda

Sudan

South Sudan

Zambia

Zimbabwe

The following countries in Africa also use an offset of UTC+02:00 all-year round:

Eswatini (observes South African Standard Time)

Lesotho (observes South African Standard Time)

Libya (observes Eastern European Time)

South Africa (observes South African Standard Time)
2013 Zimbabwean general election
General elections were held in Zimbabwe on 31 July 2013. Incumbent President Robert Mugabe was re-elected, whilst his ZANU–PF party won a two-thirds majority in the National Assembly.

The elections were not free and fair, as the ruling ZANU–PF party used the state to  intimidate the opposition.

Movement for Democratic Change – Ncube
The Movement for Democratic Change – Ncube (MDC–N)  was a Zimbabwean political party led by politician and attorney Welshman Ncube. It was founded in 2005 when the Movement for Democratic Change split apart and in the 2008 general election, it was known as the Movement for Democratic Change – Mutambara (MDC–M) in contrast to the larger Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC–T). The MDC–N and the MDC–T operated as separate opposition parties until their re-unification in 2018. The re-united party now operates under the original name, the MDC.
Edward Sargent (bishop)
Edward Sargent (1815–1889) was an Anglican priest, most notably an Assistant Bishop in the Diocese of Madras.

Sargent was born in Paris and educated at CMS College Kottayam. He was ordained in 1842
and served the Church of England in Tirunelveli, Suviseshapuram and Palamcottah. He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity (DD).

CMS College Kottayam
The CMS College (Church Missionary Society College), established in 1817, is one of the earliest Western-style colleges in India. The college is considered to be the oldest institution of higher education in India along with the Presidency College Calcutta. This college is located at Kottayam, in the Kottayam district of Kerala. It offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses in arts, commerce, and sciences. It also offers different vocational degree courses. It is affiliated to the Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala. It has been given Autonomous status by the University Grants Commission, India. CMS College, Kottayam and Presidency College Calcutta, established in the same year, are the two earliest western-style colleges of India. The college is ranked 92nd among colleges in India by the National Institutional Ranking Framework in 2024.
King's Cup (rowing)
The King's Cup is Australia's blue riband annual rowing race for men. Since 1878 it has been  contested by state representative senior heavyweight men's eights at the annual Australian Interstate Regatta. Since 1973 the Australian Interstate Regatta has been conducted on the final day of the week-long annual Australian Rowing Championships. The King's Cup is the final event of the Australian Championships and the Interstate Regatta.

Australian Rowing Championships
The Australian Rowing Championships is an annual rowing event that determines Australia's national rowing champions and facilitates selection of Australian representative crews for World Championships and the Olympic Games. It is Australia's premier regatta, with states, clubs and schools sending their best crews. The Championships commence with the National Regatta - men's, women's and lightweight events in open, under 23, under 19, under 17 and school age events. Rowers at the National Regatta race in their local club colours with composite crews permitted. The Championships conclude with the Interstate Regatta - currently eight events competed by state representative crews or scullers selected by the state rowing associations. The states compete for an overall points tally which decides the Zurich Cup.
Bruce Crane
Robert Bruce Crane (October 17, 1857 – October 29, 1937) was an American painter. He joined the Lyme Art Colony in the early 1900s. His most active period, though, came after 1920, when for more than a decade he did oil sketches of woods, meadows, and hills. He developed into a Tonalist painter under the influence of Jean-Charles Cazin at Grez-sur-Loing. Crane's mature works were nearly always fall and winter scenes. He usually painted in his studio in Bronxville, New York, where like many of the Tonalists he relied mostly on memories of his outdoor sketching experiences. Selected work can be found at the Florence Griswold Museum and the Newark Museum. He is a descendant of the Continental Congressman Stephen Crane.

Tonalism
Tonalism was an artistic style that emerged in the 1880s when American artists began to paint landscape forms with an overall tone of colored atmosphere or mist. Between 1880 and 1915, dark, neutral hues such as gray, brown or blue, often dominated compositions by artists associated with the style. During the late 1890s, American art critics began to use the term "tonal" to describe these works, as well as the lesser-known synonyms Quietism and Intimism. Two of the leading associated painters were George Inness and James McNeill Whistler.

Tonalism is sometimes used to describe American landscapes derived from the French Barbizon style, which emphasized mood and shadow. Tonalism was eventually eclipsed by Impressionism and European modernism.

Australian Tonalism emerged as an art movement in Melbourne during the 1910s.
Cyberun
Cyberun is a ZX Spectrum video game by Ultimate Play the Game and published by U.S. Gold in 1986.  Although not part of the Jetman series, it has similarities to Jetpac in that the player must construct their spaceship from parts, then seek out resources and power-ups.

Crash (magazine)
Crash, stylized as CRASH, is a magazine dedicated to the ZX Spectrum home computer, primarily focused on games. It was published from 1984 to 1991 by Newsfield Publications Ltd until their liquidation, and then until 1992 by Europress. It was relaunched as a quarterly A5 magazine in December 2020 with the backing of the original founders.

The magazine was launched to cater for the booming Spectrum games market. It was immediately popular owing to its quality of writing and distinctive, though occasionally controversial, artwork created by Oliver Frey. By 1986 it had become the biggest-selling British computer magazine with over 100,000 copies sold monthly, but struggled towards the end of the decade after other magazines put cassettes of games on the front cover. In the 2010s, a number of retrospective issues were created via a kickstarter campaign leading to the new publication by Fusion Retro.
Asa S. Bloomer
Asa Schoonmaker "Ace" Bloomer (August 15, 1891 – February 21, 1963) was an American politician and lawyer who served as Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives and President Pro Tem of the Vermont Senate.

President pro tempore of the Vermont Senate
The president pro tempore of the Vermont Senate presides over the Senate of the U.S. state of Vermont in the absence of the lieutenant governor. The president pro tempore also sets the policy priorities and legislative agenda for the Senate.
2017 Africa Cup of Nations Group C
Group C of the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations was played from 16 to 24 January 2017 in Gabon. The group consisted of defending champions Ivory Coast, Morocco, DR Congo, and Togo.

DR Congo and Morocco advanced to the quarterfinals as the top two teams.

2017 Africa Cup of Nations
The 2017 Africa Cup of Nations (abbreviated as AFCON 2017 or CAN 2017), known as the Total 2017 Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship reasons, was the 31st edition of the Africa Cup of Nations, the biennial international men's football championship of Africa organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF). The tournament was scheduled to be hosted by Libya, until CAF rescinded its hosting rights in August 2014 due to the Second Libyan civil war. The tournament was instead hosted by Gabon. This event was also part of the Africa Cup of Nations 60th Anniversary.

Cameroon won their fifth title after defeating seven-time champions Egypt 2–1 in the final. Burkina Faso finished third after beating Ghana 1–0 in the third place play-off.

As champions, Cameroon qualified for the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup in Russia. Tournament hosts Gabon and defending champions Ivory Coast were both eliminated in the group stage.
Azzun
Azzun (also spelled Azzoun) (عزّون, from the root word عز ′izz which means honor or esteem) is a Palestinian town in Qalqilya Governorate in the northern West Bank, located 9 kilometers east of Qalqilya and 24 kilometers south of Tulkarm.

Azzun was established in the 17th or 18th century by the Bani Sa'b tribe. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics census, Azzun had a population of 9,269 in 2017. The vast majority of the inhabitants are Muslim, with a very small Christian minority.

Tulkarm
32°18′45″N 35°1′36″E﻿ / ﻿32.31250°N 35.02667°E﻿ / 32.31250; 35.02667

Tulkarm or Tulkarem (Arabic: طولكرم, Ṭūlkarm) is a city in the West Bank, Palestine and the capital of the Tulkarm Governorate. Netanya is to the west in Israel, while Nablus and Jenin are to the east. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, in 2017 Tulkarm had a population of 64,532. Tulkarm is under the administration of the Palestinian National Authority.
Robert McWhorter
Robert Ligon McWhorter (June 19, 1819 – May 20, 1908) was an American planter and politician who served in the Georgia House of Representatives as a Democrat from 1847 to 1861, and then switched to serving as a Republican in both houses of the Georgia General Assembly from 1868 to 1884. He was the first Republican to hold the seat of Speaker of the Georgia House.

Oglethorpe County, Georgia
Oglethorpe County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,825. The county seat is Lexington.

Oglethorpe County is included in the Athens-Clarke County, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA Combined Statistical Area. It is the largest county in Northeast Georgia.
Samuel T. Britton
Samuel Thomas Britton (June 29, 1933 – October 10, 2011) was a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives.  He represented a Cincinnati, Ohio area district from 1995 to 2002.  He was succeeded by Tyrone Yates.

Tyrone Yates
Tyrone Keith Yates (born January 22, 1954) is a Hamilton County Municipal Court Judge. He was elected on November 8, 2011.

Judge Yates is a former Democratic member of the Ohio House of Representatives, representing the 33rd District from 2003-2010.