hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
24th Virginia Cavalry Regiment
The 24th Virginia Cavalry Regiment was a cavalry regiment raised in Virginia for service in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. It fought mostly with the Army of Northern Virginia.

Virginia's 24th Cavalry Regiment was organized in June, 1864, by consolidating eight companies of the 42nd Battalion Virginia Cavalry and two companies of Dearing's Confederate Cavalry. This unit served in General Gary's Brigade, Army of Northern Virginia, and fought in various conflicts around Richmond. Later it was involved in the Appomattox Campaign and surrendered with 19 officers and 144 men. Its commanders were Colonel William T. Robins, Lieutenant Colonel Theophilus G. Barham, and Major John R. Robertson.

Army of Northern Virginia
The Army of Northern Virginia was a field army of the Confederate States Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was also the primary command structure of the Department of Northern Virginia. It was most often arrayed against the Union's Army of the Potomac.
Xavier Moon
Xavier Moon (born January 2, 1995) is an American professional basketball player for Zenit Saint Petersburg of the VTB United League. He played college basketball for Northwest Florida State and Morehead State. The nephew of former NBA basketball player Jamario Moon, he won CEBL Player of the Year three years in a row from 2019 to 2021 while playing for the Edmonton Stingers.

San Diego Clippers (NBA G League)
The San Diego Clippers are a professional basketball team based in San Diego County, California, that competes in the NBA G League. The team plays its home games at Frontwave Arena. The Clippers began play in the 2017–18 season. The team is an affiliate of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s Los Angeles Clippers.
1991 European Amateur Boxing Championships
The Men's 1991 European Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Gothenburg, Sweden from May 7 to 12. The 29th edition of the bi-annual competition, in which 191 fighters from 26 countries participated this time, was organised by the European governing body for amateur boxing, EABA.

European Amateur Boxing Championships
The European Amateur Boxing Championships is the highest competition for boxing amateurs in Europe, organised by the continent's governing body EUBC, which stands for the European Boxing Confederation. The first edition of the tournament took place in 1924, although the first 'competitive' championships were hosted by the city of Stockholm (Sweden) in 1925.
Baluntai
Baluntai (simplified Chinese: 巴仑台; traditional Chinese: 巴崙台; pinyin: Bālúntái) is a town in north-central Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of Northwest China. It is located in the mountainous area 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Hejing Town (和静镇), the seat of Hejing County, which administers it. It borders Ke'erguti Township (克尔古提乡) on the east, Bayinbulak on the west, and Ürümqi Prefecture on the north.

Baluntai's total area is 3,020 km2, with 123,600 mu (82.4 km2) of forest and 3.2 million mu  (2133+1⁄3 km2) of pasture. It had a population of 10,521 in 2008, among which more than 75% are Mongols. Economy of Baluntai is supported by livestock breeding and tourism.

Mu (land)
The mu (simplified Chinese: 亩; traditional Chinese: 畝; pinyin: mǔ) in Mandarin, mau or mou in Cantonese, or bo in Taiwanese Hokkien, also called Chinese acre, is a traditional Chinese unit of measurement for land area. One mu equals 666.67 square meters in mainland China, 761.4 square meters in Hong Kong and Macau, and 99.17 square meters in Taiwan and Japan. Mu is the only Chinese area unit legally retained by the People's Republic of China.
Weslake
Weslake & Co, also known as Weslake Research and Development, was founded by Harry Weslake, described as England's greatest expert on cylinder head design, with premises in Rye, East Sussex, England. Weslake is most famous for its work with Bentley, Austin, Jaguar and the Gulf-Wyer Ford GT40 Mk.I.

John Wyer
John Wyer (11 December 1909 – 8 April 1989), was an English automobile racing engineer and team manager. He is mainly associated with cars running in the light blue and orange livery of his longtime sponsor Gulf Oil.
Simon de Langres
Simon de Langres was a French Dominican friar from Burgundy and Master General of the Dominican Order from 1352 to 1366.

From 1350 to 1352 he was the Provincial of France.

He was deposed from his generalship in 1360, by a vote of eight to six; he officially resigned in 1366.

In 1360 he was made the Nuncio (Papal envoy) to France.  He was made Nuncio to Hungary in 1363. On 16 March 1366, de Langres was appointed Bishop of Nantes and resigned his position of Master of the Dominican Order.

In 1379 he gave allegiance to Clement VII, the antipope of Avignon.

In 1382 he was transferred to the diocese of Vannes, but one year later resigned. On 7 June 1384 he died in the convent of Nantes.

During his tenure were established the Studia Generalia solicited by Emperor Charles IV and was celebrated the famous Chapter of Prague, in 1359, during which the emperor filled the friars of the most delicate attentions.

Master of the Order of Preachers
The Master of the Order of Preachers is the Superior General of the Order of Preachers, commonly known as the Dominicans.

The Master of the Order of Preachers is ex officio Grand Chancellor of the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum in Rome, Italy, and of the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas in Manila, Philippines.

Fr. Gerard Francisco Timoner III serves as Master of the Order, since his 2019 election at the General Chapter held in Biên Hòa.
Ynysawdre
Ynysawdre is a small community in Bridgend County Borough, south Wales. It is located to the east of Aberkenfig in Wales, and comprises the two villages of Tondu and Brynmenyn. The name Ynysawdre is also usually used for a small section of Tondu. At the 2001 census, the population of the community was 3,698, reducing to 3,367 at the 2011 Census.

Aberkenfig
Aberkenfig (Welsh: Abercynffig, meaning "mouth of the Kenfig" (stream)) is a village located in the County Borough of Bridgend, Wales to the north of Bridgend town. It is in the community of Newcastle Higher.
Commando Operation
The COMMANDO Operation or COMMANDO Procedure (COMbined MAndibulectomy and Neck Dissection Operation) is a complicated operation for 1st degree malignancy of the tongue. It comprises glossectomy (total removal of the tongue) and hemimandibulectomy together with block dissection of the cervical nodes. The operation is so named because of its extensive nature.

Glossectomy
A glossectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the tongue. It is performed in order to curtail malignant growth such as oral cancer. When only a portion of the tongue needs to be removed, the procedure is called a partial removal, or hemiglossectomy.  When the entire tongue needs to be removed, the procedure is called a total glossectomy. A midline glossectomy is a surgical reduction of the size of the base of the tongue (posterior two-thirds of the tongue), sometimes used to treat sleep apnea.

If the size of the resulting defect is too large, patients may have difficulty with speaking or swallowing. In this case, the patient may benefit from a free flap to restore volume in the missing portion of the tongue.
Aidan Brady (Gaelic footballer)
Aidan Brady (1930 – 3 April 1993) was an Irish Gaelic footballer who played for club side Elphin and at inter-county level with the Roscommon senior football team. He was named on the "Roscommon team of the millennium".

Connacht Senior Football Championship
The Connacht Senior Football Championship, known simply as the Connacht Championship and shortened to Connacht SFC, is an annual Gaelic football competition for the senior county teams of Connacht GAA. All of the county teams of Connacht participate in the championship, as well as London and New York. The winning team receives the Nestor Cup.

The Connacht SFC is run on a knock-out basis through which teams are eliminated from the competition. A series of games are played during the summer months and the final is played in June or July. The winner and runner-up progresses directly to the All-Ireland SFC Group Stage. Before 2020, all losing teams progressed to the All-Ireland SFC Qualifiers, while, prior to 2001, the All-Ireland SFC was a straight knock-out format, which meant all losing teams were eliminated after a single defeat.

Galway are the four-time title holder, having defeated Mayo by 1-17 to 1–15 in the 2025 final
Maynardville, Tennessee
Maynardville (originally named Liberty) is a city in and the county seat of Union County, Tennessee, United States. The city was named to honor Horace Maynard, who successfully defended the creation of Union County from a challenge from Knox County. As of the 2020 census, Maynardville had a population of 2,456. It is included in the Knoxville metropolitan area.

Moonshine
Moonshine is high-proof liquor, traditionally made or distributed illegally. The name was derived from a tradition of distilling the alcohol at night to avoid detection. In the first decades of the 21st century, commercial distilleries have adopted the term for its outlaw cachet and have begun producing their own legal "moonshine", including many novelty flavored varieties, that are said to continue the tradition by using a similar method or locale of production.

In 2013, moonshine accounted for about one-third of global alcohol consumption.
Punk Goes X
Punk Goes X: Songs from the 2011 Winter X Games is the eleventh compilation album released from the Punk Goes... series created by Fearless Records. It was released on January 25, 2011, and features cover songs that were featured at the 2011 Winter X Games.

All the songs on the compilation have previously appeared on either Punk Goes Classic Rock or Punk Goes Pop Volume 03., with the exception of the first 2 tracks by The Word Alive and Sparks the Rescue, which are new tracks recorded for this particular compilation.

Punk Goes...
Punk Goes... is a series of albums released by Fearless Records in which punk rock bands perform covers of songs from other genres. As of 2019, the series consists of nineteen compilation albums.

Though predominantly a series of cover albums, Punk Goes Acoustic, Punk Goes Acoustic 2, and Punk Goes Acoustic Vol. 3 deviate from this theme, featuring acoustic versions of original songs by the featured bands. 2013's Punk Goes Christmas and 2015 rerelease of Punk Goes Christmas titled Punk Goes Christmas: Deluxe Edition  features a mix of both Christmas-themed original songs and covers. Similarly, the series' first installment, 2000's Punk Goes Metal, consists of covers, with the exception of "Why Rock?" performed by The Aquabats, which was an original song credited to a fictitious band called "Leather Pyrate".
Mopan language
Mopan (or Mopan Maya) is a language that belongs to the Yucatecan branch of the Mayan languages. It is spoken by the Mopan people who live in the Petén Department of Guatemala and in the Maya Mountains region of Belize. There are between three and four thousand Mopan speakers in Guatemala and six to eight thousand in Belize.

The other Yucatecan languages are Yucatec, Lacandon, and Itzaʼ. Mopan began to diverge from the other Yucatecan languages at least one thousand years ago.

Grammatical gender
In linguistics, a grammatical gender system is a specific form of a noun class system, where nouns are assigned to gender categories that are often not related to the real-world qualities of the entities denoted by those nouns. In languages with grammatical gender, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called gender. The values present in a given language, of which there are usually two or three, are called the genders of that language. Determiners, adjectives, and pronouns also change their form depending on the noun to which they refer.

According to one estimate, gender is used in approximately half of the world's languages.
PotashCorp
The Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan, also known as PotashCorp, was a company based in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. The company merged with Calgary-based Agrium to form Nutrien, in a transaction that closed on January 1, 2018.

The company was the world's largest potash producer and the third largest producer of nitrogen and phosphate, three primary crop nutrients used to produce fertilizer. At the end of 2011, the company controlled twenty percent of the world's potash production capacity, two percent of nitrogen production capacity and five percent of phosphate supply. The company was part-owner of Canpotex, which manages all potash exporting from Saskatchewan.  It also had a joint-venture with Sinochem named Sinofert. In late 2013, it was 60%-owned by institutional shareholders.  In 2007, the CEO, William Doyle was by far the highest earning CEO in Canada, earning $320 million.

Canpotex
Canpotex, short for Canadian Potash Exporters (reporting mark PTEX), is a Canadian potash exporting and marketing firm, incorporated in 1970 and operating since 1972. Based in Saskatchewan, Canpotex manages the entire Saskatchewan potash exporting industry (excluding Canadian and US sales), including transportation and delivery.

Canpotex is the world's largest exporter of potash, selling over 13 million tonnes of potash every year, representing about one-third of global capacity. The global potash market was considered a duopoly between Canpotex and Belarusian Potash Company (BPC), a similar consortium which exported Belarusian (Belaruskali) and Russian potash (Uralkali); until the BPC marketing venture failed in 2013, the two collectively controlled 70% of global potash exports.
Illingen, Saarland
Illingen (German pronunciation: [ˈɪlɪŋən]) is a municipality in the district of Neunkirchen, in Saarland, Germany. It is situated approximately 10 km northwest of Neunkirchen, and 17 km northeast of Saarbrücken.

Neunkirchen, Saarland
Neunkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˈnɔʏnkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ; Palatine German: Neinkeije) is a town and a municipality in Saarland, Germany. It is the largest town and the seat of the district of Neunkirchen. It is situated on the river Blies, approx. 20 km northeast of Saarbrücken. With about 50,000 inhabitants, Neunkirchen is Saarland's second largest city.
Andresa Correa
Andresa Corrêa is a Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) 3x black belt Brazilian Jiu Jitsu World Championship champion and 3x black belt World Nogi Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Championship champion. She is one of a select few athletes to have won each of the major Gi Championships on more than one occasion: World Championship x3, European Open Championship x2, Pan Jiu-Jitsu Championship x2 and Brazilian Nationals Championship x4.

Andresa had an outstanding 2016 season coming very close to winning Jiu Jitsu's "Grand Slam" of gold medals in her category and the absolute at all of the prior mentioned major Gi Championships. She missed out narrowly by winning her category but coming third in the absolute at the 2016 World Championship. That year she also won a gold medal in the World Nogi championship.

Andresa began training in 1996 at Mestre Carlos Rollyson's academy in Bragança Paulista. She moved to the Alliance Jiu Jitsu academy in São Paulo in 2010 to train under Mestre Fabio Gurgel.

Fábio Gurgel
Fábio Duca Gurgel do Amaral (born 18 January 1970) is a Brazilian former mixed martial artist and 7th degree coral belt Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioner and coach.

One of the best jiu-jitsu competitors of his generation, Gurgel is a 4-time  World Jiu-Jitsu Champion (1996–2001), Brazilian National champion and European Open champion. Gurgel is the co-founder of the Alliance Jiu Jitsu team,  president of the Professional League of Jiu-Jitsu, and is regarded as one of the top coaches in Brazilian jiu-jitsu.
Myanmar National Truth and Justice Party
The Myanmar National Truth and Justice Party (MNTJP) is a political party in Myanmar. It is the political wing of the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), an armed resistance group in the Kokang region of Myanmar. The MNTJP cooperates politically and militarily with other members of the Northern Alliance and the Three Brotherhood Alliance. It is also a member of the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee (FPNCC), which is led by the United Wa State Army (UWSA).

Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army
The Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army  (MNDAA) is an armed resistance group in the Kokang region of Myanmar (formerly known as Burma). The army has existed since 1989, having been the first one to sign a ceasefire agreement with the Burmese government. The ceasefire lasted for about two decades.
Fort de Feyzin
The Fort Feyzin is a fort built between 1875 and 1877 in Feyzin. It is one of the forts of the second belt of forts around Lyon and more generally the Séré de Rivières fort system. This belt of forts included the forts of Bron, Vancia, Feyzin  and  Mont Verdun.
It currently houses a riding stable managed by the UCPA on behalf of the city of Feyzin.

Séré de Rivières system
The Séré de Rivières system was an ensemble of fortifications built from 1874 along the frontiers, ridges and coasts of France. The fortifications were named after their architect, Brigadier-General Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières. The fortresses were obsolescent by 1914 but were used during the First World War.
Brunnen railway station
Brunnen railway station (German: Bahnhof Brunnen) is a railway station serving the resort of Brunnen, in the Swiss canton of Schwyz and municipality of Ingenbohl. It is located on the Gotthard railway, and is served by long-distance trains as well as by commuter and suburban trains.

Zug Stadtbahn
The Zug Stadtbahn (German: Stadtbahn Zug) is an S-Bahn-style commuter rail network centred on Zug, Switzerland.

Opened on 12 December 2004, the network forms part of the Central Switzerland S-Bahn project (German: S-Bahn Zentralschweiz), which also includes the Lucerne S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn Luzern).
Peter Nahlin
Jan Erik Peter Nahlin (born 1 May 1968 in Eskilstuna) is a Swedish former Motorcycle speedway rider who became the 1988 World Under-21 Champion. He earned 32 caps for the Sweden national speedway team.

Polonia Bydgoszcz
Polonia Bydgoszcz is a Polish sports club based in Bydgoszcz most known for its speedway team ŻKS Polonia Bydgoszcz which currently races in the 1. Liga. The club has won the Polish Speedway League Championship seven times, the latest in 2002, and European Team Championship three times, the latest in 2001. The club also has a football team that plays in the lower leagues, though it was more successful in the past and played in the Polish top division, plus several other departments: athletics, cycling and boccia.
Isle of Wight (Maryland)
Isle of Wight is an island in Worcester County, Maryland. The island is in Isle of Wight Bay at the mouth of St. Martin River just west of Ocean City on Fenwick Island in eastern Maryland. The Ocean City Expressway crosses the island between the mainland and Fenwick Island.

The island notably has the same name as Isle Of Wight, an island in the Solent south of Portsmouth in England.

The island is designated by the state of Maryland as a Wildlife Management Area.

Fenwick Island (Delaware–Maryland)
Fenwick Island is a barrier island along the Atlantic Ocean in Delaware and Maryland in the United States. It contains the communities of South Bethany and Fenwick Island in Delaware along with Ocean City, Maryland. Until 1933, it was attached to Assateague Island to the south. That year, a hurricane carved an inlet between the two landforms, which was made permanent.  If not for the Assawoman Canal, constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in 1891, the island would be attached to the mainland of Delaware.
Political positions of Rand Paul
Rand Paul is a member of the Republican Party, a U.S. Senator representing the state of Kentucky since 2011, and a former candidate for president of the United States. His voting record was rated 26% liberal in 2011 by National Journal.

Paul identifies as both a "constitutional conservative" and a "libertarian conservative."

Marriage privatization
Marriage privatization is the concept that the state should have no authority to define the terms of personal relationships such as marriage. Proponents of marriage privatization, including certain minarchists, anarchists, libertarians, and opponents of government interventionism, claim that such relationships are best defined by private individuals and not the state. Arguments for the privatization of marriage have been offered by a number of scholars and writers. Proponents of marriage privatization often argue that privatizing marriage is a solution to the social controversy over same-sex marriage. Arguments for and against the privatization of marriage span both liberal and conservative political camps.
Ultra long-haul
Ultra-long-haul (also known as "ultra-long-range operations") refers to the duration of a flight (flight time) being "ultra long." IATA, ICAO, and IFALPA jointly define any flight scheduled to last over 16 hours as "Ultra Long".

These flights usually follow a great circle route, often passing over a polar region. In some cases, non-stop ultra-long-haul routes could be less preferable to stopover flights as passengers on ultra-long-haul nonstop flights must sit in the aircraft for those long hours. A low-oil-price environment favors the establishment and operation of ultra-long-haul flights.

Since 9 November 2020, Singapore Airlines Flights 23 and 24 has been the world's longest active commercial flight, between Singapore and New York JFK airport, covering 15,349 km (9,537 mi; 8,288 nmi) in around 18 hours and 40 minutes, operated by an Airbus A350-900ULR.

International Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations
The International Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations (IFALPA) is an international not-for-profit organization of national aircraft pilot trade unions, known as pilot associations. IFALPA was founded in April 1948 and is based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Read (biology)
In DNA sequencing, a read is an inferred sequence of base pairs (or base pair probabilities) corresponding to all or part of a single DNA fragment. A typical sequencing experiment involves fragmentation of the genome into millions of molecules, which are size-selected and ligated to adapters. The set of fragments is referred to as a sequencing library, which is sequenced to produce a set of reads.

DNA fragmentation
DNA fragmentation is the separation or breaking of DNA strands into pieces. It can be done intentionally by laboratory personnel or by cells, or can occur spontaneously. Spontaneous or accidental DNA fragmentation is fragmentation that gradually accumulates in a cell. It can be measured by e.g. the comet assay or by the TUNEL assay.

Its main units of measurement is the DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI). A DFI of 20% or more significantly reduces the success rates after ICSI.

DNA fragmentation was first documented by Williamson in 1970 when he observed discrete oligomeric fragments occurring during cell death in primary neonatal liver cultures. He described the cytoplasmic DNA isolated from mouse liver cells after culture as characterized by DNA fragments with a molecular weight consisting of multiples of 135 kDa. This finding was consistent with the hypothesis that these DNA fragments were a specific degradation product of nuclear DNA.