hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michwacho Lake
Michwacho Lake is a freshwater body crossed by the Chibougamau River, in the southern part of Eeyou Istchee James Bay (municipality), in the administrative region of Nord-du-Québec, in Quebec, Canada.

Michwacho Lake is entirely part of the Township of Opemisca. Forestry is the main economic activity of the sector. Recreational tourism activities come second.

The Michwacho Lake watershed is accessible via a forest road that runs around Lake Normandy and serves the southwest of the lake and the southern part of Mt. Michwacho. This last road is attached to route 113 linking Lebel-sur-Quévillon to Chibougamau.

The surface of Michwacho Lake is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice movement is generally from mid-November to mid-April.

Chibougamau
Chibougamau (French pronunciation: [ʃibuɡamo]) is the largest town in Nord-du-Québec, central Quebec, Canada. Located on Lake Gilman, it has a population of 7,233 people (2021 Canadian census). Chibougamau is surrounded by, but not part of, the local municipality of Eeyou Istchee James Bay. Chibougamau means "gathering place" in the Cree language.

Its remoteness from Lac Saint-Jean (over 200 km (120 mi) south-east) and Abitibi-Témiscamingue (over 250 km (160 mi) south-west) areas causes Chibougamau to provide services for a few smaller communities surrounding it (Mistissini, Oujé-Bougoumou, and Chapais) and for the regional resource-based industries. Despite Chibougamau's remoteness, it is only about as far north as Winnipeg and is south of any part of the mainland of England.

Access to the town is by Route 167 from Lac Saint-Jean and by Route 113 from Lebel-sur-Quévillon. Chibougamau/Chapais Airport is along Route 113, about halfway to Chapais.
Linksys routers
Linksys manufactures a series of network routers. Many models are shipped with Linux-based firmware and can run third-party firmware. The first model to support third-party firmware was the very popular Linksys WRT54G series.

The Linksys WRT160N/WRT310N series is the successor to the WRT54G series of routers from Linksys. The main difference is the draft 802.11n wireless interface, providing a maximum speed of 270 Mbit/s over the wireless network when used with other 802.11n devices.

Residential gateway
A residential gateway is a small consumer-grade gateway which bridges network access between connected local area network (LAN) hosts to a wide area network (WAN) (such as the Internet) via a modem, or directly connects to a WAN (as in EttH), while routing. The WAN is a larger computer network, generally operated by an Internet service provider.
Histan
Histan (Persian: هيستان, also Romanized as Hīstān; also known as Hīsūn and ‘Īsūn) is a village in Jey Rural District, in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 440, in 106 families.

Jey Rural District
Jey Rural District (Persian: دهستان جي) is in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran. The capital of the rural district was the village of Arghavaniyeh (ارغوانیه), also known as Aqrabani (آقاربانی).
Glenhaven, New South Wales
Glenhaven is a semi rural suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia 32 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of The Hills Shire, part of the Hills District.

The Hills Shire
The Hills Shire (known until 2008 as Baulkham Hills Shire) is a local government area in the Greater Sydney region of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The area is north-west of the Sydney central business district, and encompasses 401 square kilometres (155 sq mi) stretching from the M2 Hills Motorway in the south to Wisemans Ferry on the Hawkesbury River in the north. The Hills Shire had a population of 191,876 as of the 2021 census.

The current mayor of The Hills Shire is Dr Michelle Byrne (Liberal), who was elected on 14 September 2024.

The Hills Shire is a member council of the Hawkesbury River County Council.
Timeline of architecture
This is a timeline of architecture, indexing the individual year in architecture pages.  Notable events in architecture and related disciplines including structural engineering, landscape architecture, and city planning. One significant architectural achievement is listed for each year.

Articles for each year (in bold text, below) are summarized here with a significant event as a reference point.

Charles Barry
Sir Charles Barry FRS RA (23 May 1795 – 12 May 1860) was an English architect best known for his role in the rebuilding of the Palace of Westminster (also known as the Houses of Parliament) in London during the mid-19th century, but also responsible for numerous other buildings and gardens. He is known for his major contribution to the use of Italianate architecture in Britain, especially the use of the Palazzo as basis for the design of country houses, city mansions and public buildings. He also developed the Italian Renaissance garden style for the many gardens he designed around country houses.
Guernsey official football team
The Guernsey official football team is the official football team representing the island of Guernsey (which is not part of the United Kingdom, but is a Crown dependency) in non-FIFA international football matches. It is not affiliated with FIFA or UEFA, and therefore cannot compete for the FIFA World Cup or UEFA European Football Championship.

Players from Guernsey are however known to be eligible for all four Home Nations national teams (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland) in those competitions. Matt Le Tissier and Maya Le Tissier both chose England among those options.

Football at the 2003 Island Games – Men's tournament
The 2003 Island Games on the island of Guernsey was the 8th edition in which a men's football tournament was played at the multi-games competition. It was contested by 15 teams.

Guernsey won the tournament for the second time.
Chorkuh
Chorku (Tajik: Чоркӯҳ; Russian: Чорку/Чоркух) is a village and jamoat in northern Tajikistan. It is part of the city of Isfara in Sughd Region. The jamoat has a total population of 37,065 (2015). The Hazrati Shoh mausoleum in Chorku is from the 8th-10th century.

In August 2015, a dispute over a water canal in the area became a controversy between Kyrgyz and Tajiks.

Jamoats of Tajikistan
The jamoats of Tajikistan (Russian: джамоаты, romanized: dzhamoaty; Tajik: ҷамоати деҳот, romanized: jamoati dehot, "village communes") are the third-level administrative divisions, similar to communes or municipalities, in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. As of January 2020, there are 368 rural jamoats, 65 towns and 18 cities in Tajikistan. Each jamoat is further subdivided into villages (or deha or qyshqol)

The jamoats and towns, and their population figures (as of January 2015) by district of each region are listed below:
Sven-Åke Nilsson
Sven-Åke Nilsson (born 13 September 1951) is a Swedish retired road racing cyclist. His sporting career began with CK Ringen Malmö. He was a professional cyclist from 1977 until his retirement in 1984.

For half a decade early in his career he was among the strongest GC Contenders and often among the top 10 overall during the Tour de France while riding for the very strong Miko–Mercier squads, who also included riders like Christian Seznec, Raymond Martin and Joop Zoetemelk. In the 1978 Tour de France he finished 11th, in 1979 12th, 1980 7th and in 1981 he finished 8th. He had a stage win and 3rd place overall in the 1982 Vuelta, and a few months later he rode the Tour for the final time in the 1982 Tour de France, and finished 14th.

Other career highlights include two stage wins in Paris–Nice and competing at the 1972 Summer Olympics and 1976 Summer Olympics.

Raymond Martin (cyclist)
Raymond Martin (born 22 May 1949) is a former French road bicycle racer. In the 1980 Tour de France he finished third overall and won the mountains classification. He also competed in the individual road race at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
1990–91 Fulham RLFC season
The 1990–91 Fulham RLFC season was the eleventh in the club's history. They competed in the 1990–91 Second Division of the Rugby Football League. They also competed in the 1991 Challenge Cup, 1990–91 Lancashire Cup and the 1990–91 League Cup. They finished the season in 7th place in the second tier of British professional rugby league.

1990–91 Rugby Football League season
The 1990–91 Rugby Football League season was the 96th ever season of professional rugby league football in Britain. Fourteen teams competed from August, 1990 until May, 1991 for the Stones Bitter Championship, Premiership Trophy and Silk Cut Challenge Cup.
Max Roustan
Max Roustan (born 29 September 1944 in Saint-Julien-les-Rosiers, Gard) is a member of the National Assembly of France.  He represents the Gard department,  and is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement.

Gard
Gard (French pronunciation: [ɡaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in Southern France, located in the region of Occitanie. It had a population of 748,437 as of 2019; its prefecture is Nîmes.

The department is named after the river Gardon. In recent decades of the twenty-first century, local administration and French speakers have returned to the original Occitan name of the river, Gard (Occitan pronunciation: [gaɾ]). It is part of a revival of Occitan culture.
The Ditch
The Ditch (also known as Goodbye Jiabiangou) is a 2010 docudrama film produced, written and directed by Wang Bing, based on the novel Goodbye, Jiabiangou by Yang Xianhui. A reenactment of the forced labor camps called Jiabiangou during 1960's Maoist China, it focuses on the suffering of those imprisoned in the Gobi Desert after the Anti-Rightist Campaign, following the prisoners harsh life, who coped with physical exhaustion, extreme cold, starvation and death on a daily basis. It is one of the first films to tackle the subject.

The film had its world premiere at the main competition of the 67th Venice International Film Festival on 6 September 2010 as the film sorpresa, where it was nominated for the Golden Lion. It received positive reviews from critics.

In the following years, Wang Bing released other three documentaries on the subject: Traces (2014), Dead Souls (2018) and Beauty Lives in Freedom (2018), which were also met with critical acclaim.

Laogai
Laogai (Chinese: 劳改), short for laodong gaizao (劳动改造), which means reform through labor, is a criminal justice system involving the use of penal labor and prison farms in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Láogǎi (劳改) is different from láojiào (劳教), or re-education through labor, which was the abolished administrative detention system for people who were not criminals but had committed minor offenses, and was intended to "reform offenders into law-abiding citizens".  Persons who were detained in the laojiao were detained in facilities that were separate from those which comprised the general prison system of the laogai. Both systems, however, were based on penal labor.

Some writers have likened the laogai to slavery.
Jōyō, Kyoto
Jōyō (Japanese: 城陽市, Jōyō-shi, pronounced [dʑoːjoː ɕi]) is a city located in Kyoto Prefecture, Kansai, Japan. As of 1 September 2023, the city has an estimated population of 72,869 in 30720 households and a population density of 2200 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 32.71 square kilometres (12.63 sq mi).

Tsuzuki District, Kyoto
Tsuzuki (綴喜郡, Tsuzuki-gun) is a district located in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district has an estimated population of 19,200 and a density of 251.74 persons per km2. The total area is 76.27 km2.
Chine (boating)
A chine in boat design is a sharp change in angle in the cross section of a hull. The chine typically arises from the use of sheet materials (such as sheet metal or marine ply) as the mode of construction.

Scow
A scow is a smaller type of barge. Some scows are rigged as sailing scows. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, scows carried cargo in coastal waters and inland waterways, having an advantage for navigating shallow water or small harbours. Scows were in common use in the American Great Lakes and other parts of the U.S., Canada, southern England, and New Zealand. In modern times their main recreational purpose is for racing, but the hull type is widely used in the construction industry and as garbage scows for aquatic transport of refuse.
Rogožarski PVT
The Rogožarski PVT (Serbian Cyrillic: Рогожарски ПВТ; transliterated as Rogozarski PWT in German and as Rogojarsky PVT in some older English sources) was a single-engined, two-seat parasol winged aircraft designed as an advanced and fighter trainer in Yugoslavia before World War II.  Over 60 were built, serving with the Yugoslav Royal Air Force (YAF) until the fall of Yugoslavia in 1941.  After that, some PVTs were used by the newly formed Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia, sometimes as ground attack aircraft.

Trainer aircraft
A trainer is a class of aircraft designed specifically to facilitate flight training of pilots and aircrews. The use of a dedicated trainer aircraft with additional safety features—such as tandem flight controls, forgiving flight characteristics and a simplified cockpit arrangement—allows pilots-in-training to safely advance their skills in a more forgiving aircraft.

Civilian pilots are normally trained in a light aircraft, with two or more seats to allow for a student and instructor.
Marvodol Glacier
Marvodol Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Мърводол, romanized: lednik Marvodol, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik mɐrvoˈdɔɫ]) is the 9.3 km long and 3.7 km wide glacier on Fallières Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica. It is situated south of Kashin Glacier, north of Forbes Glacier and east-southeast of Bucher Glacier, flows southwards between Shapkarev Buttress and Rudozem Heights, turns west at Stanhope Towers, and flows into Dogs Leg Fjord.

The glacier is named after the settlement of Marvodol in Western Bulgaria.

Forbes Glacier (Graham Land)
Forbes Glacier is a glacier which flows from Hemimont Plateau west into the northeast corner of Square Bay, on the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It is 10 nautical miles (19 km) long, 4 nautical miles (7 km) wide in its central part, and narrows to 2 nautical miles (4 km) at its mouth. The lower reaches of the glacier were first surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition under John Rymill. The survey was completed in 1946–48 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey who named the glacier for James David Forbes, a Scottish physicist who was noted for his pioneer works on glaciology.
2005 Michigan Wolverines football team
The 2005 Michigan Wolverines football team represented the University of Michigan in the 2005 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team's head coach was Lloyd Carr. The Wolverines played their home games at Michigan Stadium. That year Michigan Wolverines football competed in the Big Ten Conference in almost all intercollegiate sports including men's college football. Despite a disappointing 7–5 finish after being ranked as high as No. 3 early in the season, Michigan did not lose a game by more than a touchdown and upset Penn State, who finished #3 in the nation, on a last second touchdown pass from Chad Henne to Mario Manningham. The team earned an invitation to the 2005 Alamo Bowl, where it lost to the Nebraska Cornhuskers by a 32–28 margin. The team's first five conference games were all decided in the final 24 seconds of regulation or in overtime.

Lloyd Carr
Lloyd Henry Carr Jr. (born July 30, 1945) is an American former football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the University of Michigan from 1995 through the 2007 season, replacing Gary Moeller. Under Carr, the Michigan Wolverines compiled a record of 122–40 and won or shared five Big Ten Conference titles (1997, 1998, 2000, 2003, and 2004). Carr's undefeated 1997 team was declared the national champion by the Associated Press. His record coaching against top ten-ranked opponents was 20–8. Carr was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2011.
Matt Rees (comedian)
Matt Rees is a Welsh comedian from Maesteg, Wales.

Rees is a Chortle Awards nominee.

He has supported Elis James. He performed as part of the Pleasance Reserve at Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 2012.

He has been nominated for and won numerous awards including Welsh Unsigned Stand-up Award, Loaded Laftas New Act of the Year, Leicester Mercury Comedian of the Year.

He cites Sean Lock, Jack Dee and Dara Ó Briain amongst his influences.

Elis James
Owain Elis James (born 3 November 1980) is a Welsh comedian, broadcaster and actor. James is known as a stand-up comedian and for his weekly radio show and podcast with John Robins for BBC Radio 5 Live, his football punditry and presenting, and his TV acting roles. James's first language is Welsh and he performs stand-up in English and Welsh.
Met-Rx
MET-Rx is an American brand of nutritional supplements originally produced by Met-Rx, Inc., a California company started by Scott Connelly and sold several times since. The brand created a category of bodybuilding supplements called meal replacement powders or MRPs. It was also involved in the androstenedione controversy in the late 1990s.

Bodybuilding supplement
Bodybuilding supplements are dietary supplements commonly used by those involved in bodybuilding, weightlifting, mixed martial arts, and athletics for the purpose of facilitating an increase in lean body mass. Bodybuilding supplements may contain ingredients that are advertised to increase a person's muscle, body weight, athletic performance, and decrease a person's percent body fat for desired muscle definition. Among the most widely used are high protein drinks, pre-workout blends and caffeinated energy drinks, branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), glutamine, arginine, essential fatty acids, creatine, HMB, whey protein, ZMA, and weight loss products. Supplements are sold either as single ingredient preparations or in the form of "stacks" – proprietary blends of various supplements marketed as offering synergistic advantages.
Dollfus' stargazer
Dollfus' stargazer (Uranoscopus dollfusi) is a fish of the family Uranoscopidae, widespread in the Western Indian Ocean: Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf. It is a marine demersal fish, and occurs at depths down to about 46 metres (151 ft). It was named in honour of Dr R. P. Dollfus who led an expedition to Egypt in 1928–1929 and who brought back some specimens of this fish which he mistakenly identified as Uranoscopus affinis. These were new to science and became the type specimens of the new species U. dollfusi, with the Gulf of Suez being the type locality.

Gulf of Suez
The Gulf of Suez (Arabic: خليج السويس, romanized: khalīǧ as-suwais; formerly بحر القلزم, baḥar al-qulzum, lit. "Sea of Calm") is a gulf at the northern end of the Red Sea, to the west of the Sinai Peninsula. Situated to the east of the Sinai Peninsula is the smaller Gulf of Aqaba. The gulf was formed within a relatively young but now inactive Gulf of Suez Rift rift basin, dating back about 26 million years. It stretches some 300 kilometres (190 mi) north by northwest, terminating at the Egyptian city of Suez and the entrance to the Suez Canal. Along the mid-line of the gulf is the boundary between Africa and Asia. The entrance of the gulf lies atop the mature Gemsa oil and gas field.
The gulf is considered one of the world's important maritime zones due to being an entrance to the Suez Canal.
Surinam cockroach
The Surinam cockroach or greenhouse cockroach (Pycnoscelus surinamensis) is a species of burrowing cockroach. It is a common plant pest endemic to the Indomalayan realm that has spread to tropical and into subtropical regions around the world, and  in isolated populations to temperate climates where protective habitat such as greenhouses provide shelter for individuals inadvertently shipped in the soil of plants. Its populations are almost exclusively female, and it reproduces through parthenogenesis, having evolved several clonal strains from its sexual progenitor P. indicus.

Thelytoky
Thelytoky (from the Greek θῆλυς thēlys "female" and τόκος tókos "birth") is a type of parthenogenesis and is the absence of mating and subsequent production of all female diploid offspring as for example in aphids. Thelytokous parthenogenesis is rare among animals and reported in about 1,500 species, about 1 in 1000 of described animal species, according to a 1984 study. It is more common in invertebrates, like arthropods, but it can occur in vertebrates, including salamanders, fish, and reptiles such as some whiptail lizards.

Thelytoky can occur by different mechanisms, each of which has a different impact on the level of homozygosity. It is found in several groups of Hymenoptera, including Apidae, Aphelinidae, Cynipidae, Formicidae, Ichneumonidae, and Tenthredinidae. It can be induced in Hymenoptera by the bacteria Wolbachia and Cardinium.
Glossary of electrical and electronics engineering
This glossary of electrical and electronics engineering is a list of definitions of terms and concepts related specifically to electrical engineering and electronics engineering. For terms related to engineering in general, see Glossary of engineering.

Twisted pair
Twisted pair cabling is a type of communications cable in which two conductors of a single circuit are twisted together for the purposes of improving electromagnetic compatibility. Compared to a single conductor or an untwisted balanced pair, a twisted pair reduces electromagnetic radiation from the pair and crosstalk between neighboring pairs and improves rejection of external electromagnetic interference. It was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.

For additional noise immunity, twisted-pair cabling may be shielded. Cable with shielding is known as shielded twisted pair (STP) and without as unshielded twisted pair (UTP).
Henri Alwies Airstrip
Henri Alwies Airstrip (Dutch: Henri Alwies Vliegveld) (IATA: SMHA), also known as Henri Alwies Airfield or Henri Alwies Vliegveld, is in the Saramacca district of Suriname. This is one of the newest airports in Suriname, in use since April 5, 2012.

It is the homebase of the crop dusting company ERK Farms, and was also heavily used by the Gliders Club Zweefvliegclub Akka.

Saramacca District
Saramacca is a district of Suriname, in the north. Saramacca's capital city is Groningen, with other towns and cities including Batavia, Kampong Baroe, Uitkijk, Maho and Boskamp. Saramacca has a population of 17,480 and an area of 3,636 km2.

Saramaka is also the name of a group of Maroons who established communities along the Saramacca River having fled slavery.
Minoxidil
Minoxidil, sold under the brand names Loniten and Rogaine among others, is a medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure and pattern hair loss. It is an antihypertensive and a vasodilator. It is available as a generic medication by prescription in oral tablet form and over-the-counter as a topical liquid or foam.

Absorption (pharmacology)
Absorption is the journey of a drug travelling from the site of administration to the site of action.

The drug travels by some route of administration (oral, topical-dermal, etc.) in a chosen dosage form (e.g., tablets, capsules, or in solution). Absorption by some other routes, such as intravenous therapy, intramuscular injection, enteral nutrition, is even more straightforward and there is less variability in absorption and bioavailability is often near 100%. Intravascular administration does not involve absorption, and there is no loss of drug. The fastest route of absorption is inhalation.

Absorption is a primary focus in drug development and medicinal chemistry, since a drug must be absorbed before any medicinal effects can occur.  Moreover, the drug's pharmacokinetic profile can be easily and significantly changed by adjusting factors that affect absorption.