hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Posts and telecommunications in Lebanon
Postal services and telecommunications have long played an essential role in Lebanon, a small country with an expansive diaspora, a vivid media landscape, and an economy geared toward trade and banking. The sector's history has nonetheless been chaotic, marked by conflict but also, and perhaps most importantly, a deeply rooted legacy of state control, weak competition, and intense politicization. A combination of poor services and high prices culminated in popular protests against the government's attempt, in October 2019, to tax the widely used messaging service WhatsApp. The anger this measure triggered captured a more general sense of dissatisfaction, and contributed to tipping the country into a protracted crisis. Civil unrest coincided with Lebanon's default on its ballooning debt; in the ensuing economic collapse, telecommunications have been among the infrastructure most affected.

Télé Liban
Télé Liban (also known as TL, Arabic: تلفزيون لبنان) is the first Lebanese public television network, owned by the Lebanese government. It was a result of a merger of the privately run Compagnie Libanaise de Télévision (CLT) (channels 7 and 9) and Télé-Orient (channels 5 and 11). TL is the current Lebanese member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), and the Arab States Broadcasting Union (ASBU).
Pineapple bun
A pineapple bun (Chinese: 菠蘿包; Jyutping: bo1 lo4 baau1; Cantonese Yale: bōlòh bāau) is a kind of sweet bun predominantly popular in Hong Kong and also common in Chinatowns worldwide. Despite the name, it does not traditionally contain pineapple; rather, the name refers to the look of the characteristic topping (which resembles the texture of a pineapple).

Sweet roll
A sweet roll or sweet bun refers to any of a number of sweet, baked, yeast-leavened breakfast or dessert foods. They may contain spices, nuts, candied fruits, poppy seeds, etc., and are often glazed or topped with icing. Compared to regular bread dough, sweet roll dough generally has higher levels of sugar, fat, eggs, and yeast. They are often round, and are small enough to comprise a single serving. These differ from pastries, which are made from a paste-like batter; from cakes, which are typically unleavened or chemically leavened; and from doughnuts, which are deep fried.

Refrigerated ready-to-bake sweet roll dough is commercially available in grocery stores.

Sweet rolls are sometimes iced and/or contain a sweet filling. In some traditions, other types of fillings and decoration are used, such as cinnamon, marzipan, or candied fruit.
The Prisoner of the Devil
The Prisoner of the Devil is a Sherlock Holmes pastiche novel by Michael Hardwick, originally published in 1979.

The acclaimed novel features Holmes called in to solve the case of the Dreyfus affair.

The book has since been republished in 1990 by Pinnacle Books and in 2018 by MeanTime Books.

Sherlock Holmes pastiches
Sherlock Holmes has long been a popular character for pastiche, Holmes-related work by authors and creators other than Arthur Conan Doyle.
Their works can be grouped into four broad categories:

New Sherlock Holmes stories

Stories in which Holmes appears in a cameo role

Stories about imagined descendants of Sherlock Holmes

Stories inspired by Sherlock Holmes but which do not include Holmes himself
Champlain Canal
The Champlain Canal is a 60-mile (97 km) canal in New York that connects the Hudson River to the south end of Lake Champlain. It was simultaneously constructed with the Erie Canal for use by commercial vessels, fully opening in 1823. Today, it is mostly used by recreational boaters as part of the New York State Canal System and Lakes to Locks Passage.

Water for the highest portion comes from the Hudson River via the Glens Falls Feeder Canal, from above the drop at Glens Falls, New York.

Federal Dam (Troy)
The Federal Dam is a manmade dam built across the Hudson River in the U.S. state of New York from Troy on the east bank to Green Island on the west bank. The major function of the dam is to improve navigability. It is located at mile 153 of the Hudson River, measuring from the beginning of the Hudson as a Federally Navigable Waterway near the Battery in Manhattan.  The location of the dam marks the upper end of the Hudson River estuary, the farthest reach of tidal influence.
Wolfgang Steinbach
Wolfgang "Maxe" Steinbach (born  21 September 1954) is a German former football player and manager who spent most of his career playing for 1. FC Magdeburg in the DDR-Oberliga. At international level, he made 28 appearances for the East Germany national team scoring one goal. In 2006, he was elected Best 1. FC Magdeburg Player of All Times in a telephone vote.

1974–75 DDR-Oberliga
The 1974–75 DDR-Oberliga was the 26th season of the DDR-Oberliga, the first tier of league football in East Germany.

The league was contested by fourteen teams. 1. FC Magdeburg won the championship, the club's third and last East German championships.

Manfred Vogel of BSG Sachsenring Zwickau was the league's top scorer with 17 goals, while Jürgen Pommerenke of 1. FC Magdeburg won the seasons East German Footballer of the year award.

On the strength of the 1974–75 title Magdeburg qualified for the 1975–76 European Cup where the club was knocked out by Malmö FF in the first round. Seventh-placed club BSG Sachsenring Zwickau qualified for the 1975–76 European Cup Winners' Cup as the seasons FDGB-Pokal winners and was knocked out by R.S.C. Anderlecht in the semi-finals. Second-placed FC Carl Zeiss Jena qualified for the 1975–76 UEFA Cup where it was knocked out in the second round by Stal Mielec while third-placed Dynamo Dresden lost to Liverpool F.C. in the quarter-finals.
Spin network
In physics, a spin network is a type of diagram which can be used to represent states and interactions between particles and fields in quantum mechanics. From a mathematical perspective, the diagrams are a concise way to represent multilinear functions and functions between representations of matrix groups. The diagrammatic notation can thus greatly simplify calculations.

Roger Penrose described spin networks in 1971. Spin networks have since been applied to the theory of quantum gravity by Carlo Rovelli, Lee Smolin, Jorge Pullin, Rodolfo Gambini and others.

Spin networks can also be used to construct a particular functional on the space of connections which is invariant under local gauge transformations.

Character variety
In the mathematics of moduli theory, given an algebraic, reductive, Lie group  and a finitely generated group , the -character variety of  is a space of equivalence classes of group homomorphisms from  to :

More precisely,  acts on  by conjugation, and two homomorphisms are defined to be equivalent (denoted ) if and only if their orbit closures intersect.  This is the weakest equivalence relation on the set of conjugation orbits, , that yields a Hausdorff space.
Nathayyapalem
Nathayyapalem is a neighborhood situated in the northern part of Visakhapatnam City, India. The area, which falls under the local administrative limits of Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation, is about 17 km from the Maddilapalem city centre. Nathayyapalem  is located between Sheela Nagar and Gajuwaka. It is well connected with Dwaraka Nagar, NAD X Road and Madhurawada.

Gajuwaka
Gajuwaka is a major residential area of Visakhapatnam City, India. This neighborhood of Visakhapatnam is considered the biggest shopping district in Andhra Pradesh by revenue. Though conceived as a residential locality, it is now one of the principal shopping districts of the city. The Gajuwaka area of Visakhapatnam has the highest per capita income in Andhra Pradesh.

Gajuwaka mandal is one of the 46 mandals of Visakhapatnam District. It is under the administration of Visakhapatnam revenue division and the headquarters is located at Chinagantyada, Gajuwaka. The Mandal is bounded by Pedagantyada, Mulagada and Gopalapatnam mandals. On 21 November 2005, the Gajuwaka Municipality  was merged into the Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation.
Minneapolis Park and Recreation Board
The Minneapolis Park and Recreation Board (MPRB) is an independent park district that owns, maintains, and programs activities in public parks in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It has 500 full-time and 1,300 part-time employees and an $111 million operating and capital budget.

The Minneapolis park system has been called the best-designed, best-financed, and best-maintained in America. Minneapolis was rated the #1 park system in the country for the sixth year in a row by The Trust for Public Land in 2018 and again in 2020. In 2024, it won the National Gold Medal Award for Excellence in Parks and Recreation.

Horace Cleveland
Horace William Shaler Cleveland (December 16, 1814 – December 5, 1900) was an American landscape architect. His approach to natural landscape design can be seen in projects such as the Grand Rounds in Minneapolis; Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Concord, Massachusetts; the boulevard system in Omaha, Nebraska; Roger Williams Park in Providence, Rhode Island; and St. Anthony Park in Saint Paul, Minnesota.
Vladimir Dalakliev
Vladimir Dalakliev  (Bulgarian: Владимир Далаклиев) (born January 29, 1992) is a Bulgarian taekwondo athlete who was a bronze medalist of the 2017 World Taekwondo Championships after being defeated by Lee Dae-hoon.

Lee Dae-hoon
Lee Dae-Hoon (Korean: 이대훈; Korean pronunciation: [i.dɛ̝.ɦun]; born February 5, 1992) is a South Korean former taekwondo athlete. He won a silver medal in the men's 58 kg event at the 2012 Summer Olympics and a bronze medal in the men's 68 kg event at the 2016 Summer Olympics. Lee is a former world No. 1 in the under-68 kg weight class.
Gyo Shojima
Tatsuaki Gyo Shojima (庄島 辰尭 born August 18, 1993) is a former professional American football center who spent his three-year career with the Obic Seagulls of the Japanese X-League. He played college football for the UCLA Bruins as a walk-on student-athlete under head coach Jim Mora. As a redshirt junior, Shojima became the first Japanese-born student-athlete of full Japanese heritage, nationality and citizenship to play in an NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) game.

California Golden Bears football
The California Golden Bears football program represents the University of California, Berkeley, in college football as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference at the NCAA Division I FBS level. They were previously a member of the Pac-12 Conference. The team plays its home games at California Memorial Stadium and was most recently coached by Justin Wilcox before his firing following the 2025 Big Game. Since beginning of play in 1886, the team has won five NCAA recognized national titles — 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1937 — and 14 conference championships, the last one in 2006. It has also produced what are considered to be two of the oddest and most memorable plays in college football: Roy "Wrong Way" Riegels' fumble recovery at the 1929 Rose Bowl and The Play kickoff return in the 1982 Big Game.
Amman Governorate
Amman Governorate, officially known as Muhafazat al-Asima (Arabic: محافظة العاصمة, English translation: the Capital Governorate), is one of the governorates in Jordan. The governorate's capital is the city of Amman, which is also the country's capital. The administrative center of the governorate, as well as all government offices and parliament, is located in the Abdali district.

The Amman Governorate has the largest population of the 12 governorates of Jordan. It borders Zarqa Governorate to the north and north-east, the governorates of Balqa and Madaba to the west, Karak and Ma'an governorates to the south. It also shares an international border with Saudi Arabia from the east.

Balqa Governorate
Balqa' (Arabic: البلقاء Al Balqā’) is one of the governorates of Jordan. It is located northwest of Amman, Jordan's capital.

The governorate has the fourth largest population of the 12 governorates of Jordan, and is ranked 10th by area. It has the third highest population density in the kingdom after Irbid Governorate and Jerash Governorate.
Inverkirkaig
Inverkirkaig (Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Chirceig) is extremely remote scattered crofting township, situated on the north eastern bay, of the sea loch Loch Kirkaig, in the Assynt district  of Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.

The hamlets of Badnaban, Strathan and Lochinver are situated directly north of the township.

Badnaban
Badnaban is a remote scattered coastal village, which lies on the south shore of the sea loch, Loch Inver, in the Assynt district of the west coast of Sutherland, Scottish Highlands. and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.

Badnaban is situated less than 1 mile southwest of Strathan and 2 miles southwest of Lochinver.
Kuranets rural council
Kuranets rural council  (Belarusian: Куранецкі сельсавет; Russian: Куренецкий сельсовет) is a lower-level subdivision (selsoviet) of Vileyka district, Minsk region, Belarus. Its administrative center is  Kuranets.

Vileyka district
Vileyka district or Viliejka district (Belarusian: Вілейскі раён; Russian: Вилейский район) is a district (raion) of Minsk region in Belarus. The administrative center of the district is the town of Vileyka. As of 2024, it has a population of 46,075.
Co-op Academy Swinton
The Co-op Academy Swinton is in Greater Manchester, England. Although named The Swinton High School in September 1988 when Wardley High School and Pendlebury High School merged, forming a single comprehensive school for pupils aged 11 to 16, on one site located half a mile from Swinton town centre. The Swinton High School joined the Co-op Academies Trust in March 2018 and is since known as 'Co-op Academy Swinton'.

Swinton Lions
The Swinton Lions are a professional rugby league club based in Swinton, Greater Manchester, England, which competes in the RFL Championship. The club has won the Championship six times and three Challenge Cups. Before 1996, the club was known simply as Swinton RLFC.
Wilkes-Barre Township, Pennsylvania
Wilkes-Barre Township is a township with home rule status in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is adjacent to the city of Wilkes-Barre. The population of the township was 3,219 at the 2020 census.

Connecticut Colony
The Connecticut Colony, originally known as the Connecticut River Colony, was an English colony in New England which became the state of Connecticut. It was organized on March 3, 1636 as a settlement for a Puritan congregation of settlers from the Massachusetts Bay Colony led by Thomas Hooker. The English secured their control of the region in the Pequot War. The colony eventually absorbed the neighboring New Haven and Saybrook colonies. It was part of the brief Dominion of New England. The colony's founding document was the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, which has been called the first written constitution of a democratic government, earning Connecticut the nickname "The Constitution State".
Zig-Zag Walk
Zig-Zag Walk is the twelfth studio album by British hard rock band Foghat, released in 1983. Unlike the previous year's In the Mood for Something Rude, which consisted of all outside material, lead singer Dave Peverett wrote five of the album's ten songs, with guitarist Erik Cartwright contributing a sixth. A few of the songs are given a rockabilly treatment augmenting the blues rock the band is better known for. It would be the band's last album for over a decade until their comeback album, Return of the Boogie Men, in 1994.

Producer "Franz Leipkin" and keyboardist "Eli Jenkins" are pseudonyms for old bandmate Nick Jameson, who had played in Foghat in 1975 and produced or co-produced various Foghat albums in the  1970s and 1980s. Paul Butterfield makes a guest appearance on one song, playing harmonica on "Seven Day Weekend".

Return of the Boogie Men
Return of the Boogie Men is the thirteenth studio album by British hard rock band Foghat, released in 1994. This album reunited the original members of the band, Dave Peverett, Roger Earl, Rod Price and Tony Stevens. Price had left the group after the completion of 1980's "Tight Shoes" release; Stevens had departed following the recording of "Rock and Roll Outlaws" in 1974. Beginning in June, 1994, Foghat toured through the end of 1996 to promote "Return of the Boogie Men". Two performances at the Roseland Theater in Portland, Oregon on October 25 and 26, 1996 were recorded which resulted in the 1998 live album, Road Cases.
Łoje, Gołdap County
Łoje [ˈwɔjɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dubeninki, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) east of Dubeninki, 20 km (12 mi) east of Gołdap, and 149 km (93 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

As of 1857, the village had a population of 200.

Dubeninki
Dubeninki ([dubɛˈninki]; Lithuanian: Dubininkai) is a village in Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Dubeninki.
Hellenistic influence on Indian art
Hellenistic influence on Indian art and architecture reflects the artistic and architectural influence of the Greeks on Indian art following the conquests of Alexander the Great, from the end of the 4th century BCE to the first centuries of the common era. The Greeks in effect maintained a political presence at the doorstep, and sometimes within India, down to the 1st century CE with the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom and the Indo-Greek Kingdoms, with many noticeable influences on the arts of the Maurya Empire (c.321–185 BCE) especially. Hellenistic influence on Indian art was also felt for several more centuries during the period of Greco-Buddhist art.

Rampurva capitals
The Rampurva capitals are the capitals of a pair of Ashoka Pillars discovered in c. 1876 by A. C. L. Carlleyle. The archaeological site is called Rampurva, and is located in the West Champaran district of the Indian state of Bihar, situated very close to the border with Nepal. The lion capital is now in the Indian Museum in Kolkata, while the bull capital is located at the center of the porch of the Rashtrapati Bhavan, the Indian Presidential Palace.
Hiroyuki Abe (fighter)
Hiroyuki Abe (Japanese: 阿部裕幸, Abe Hiroyuki, born February 9, 1970), also known as Abe Ani, is a Japanese mixed martial artist currently fighting in the featherweight division for Shooto as well as teaching at his gym, Abe Ani Combat Club. Abe is most notable for training female mixed martial arts veteran and Bellator Fighting Championships finalist, Megumi Fujii.

Abe has fought in many high-level MMA organizations, including Shooto, Pride FC, Deep, King of the Cage and Cage Rage. He has also competed at ADCC. He holds notable bouts against UFC standouts Urijah Faber and Brad Pickett, as well as Pride veteran Luiz Firmino.

He made his return to Shooto after 5 years on September 30, 2012, vs. Shigeki Osawa. He lost the bout via TKO.

Featherweight (MMA)
The featherweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's featherweight division, which groups competitors within 136–145 lb (61.7-65.8 kg)

The Shooto's featherweight division, which limits competitors to 135 lb (61.2 kg)

The ONE Championship's featherweight division, with upper limit at 70.3 kg (155.0 lb)

The Road FC's featherweight division, with upper limit at 145 lb (65.5 kg)
Fatherland Party (Norway)
The Fatherland Party (Norwegian: Fedrelandspartiet, FLP) was a political party in Norway, which was founded by former local Progress Party politician Harald Trefall in 1990. Primarily based in Western Norway, the party supported nationalist positions such as opposition to immigration and the European Union. It got two representatives elected to public office in the 1991 local elections, in a county and municipal council respectively. The party never won representation since, and was dissolved in 2008 after years of electoral inactivity.

1993 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 12 and 13 September 1993. It was the first European election where the two largest parties fielded a female leadership candidate, and the first election in history where all the largest three parties fielded female leadership candidates. The Labour Party remained the largest party in the Storting, winning 67 of the 165 seats.

Voter turnout was 76% , the lowest in a national election since the 1927 elections. The prospect of European Union membership was a key issue in the election campaign.
Walton Enterprises
Walton Enterprises LLC (WEI) is an American investment holding company based in Bentonville, Arkansas, that serves as a family office to manage the wealth of the Walton family, the owners of Walmart.

Walton Enterprises is Walmart's largest shareholder and the world's largest family office.

Bentonville, Arkansas
Bentonville, Arkansas is a city in and the county seat of Benton County, Arkansas, United States. The city is centrally located in the county with Rogers adjacent to the east. The city proper had a population of 54,164 at the 2020 census, making it the ninth-most populous city in Arkansas. It is one of the four main cities in the three-county Northwest Arkansas metropolitan area, with 546,725 residents in 2020.

The city is the birthplace and headquarters of Walmart, the world's largest retailer. Bentonville is one of the fastest-growing cities in the state.
Vienna Airport railway station
Vienna Airport (German: Flughafen Wien) is a railway station serving Vienna International Airport in Schwechat, Lower Austria, Austria. The train services are operated by ÖBB and Deutsche Bahn.

The station was opened in 1977 and was extensively rebuilt as part of the airport's Terminal 3 expansion and to allow long-distance traffic between 2003 and 2014.

St. Pölten Hauptbahnhof
St. Pölten Hauptbahnhof is the main railway station at St. Pölten, which is the capital city of the federal state of Lower Austria, located in the north east of Austria. The station is one of the western endpoints of the Verkehrsverbund Ost-Region (East Region Transportation Authority).
ISO 3166-2:CW
ISO 3166-2:CW is the entry for Curaçao in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently no ISO 3166-2 codes are defined in the entry for Curaçao. The territory has no defined subdivisions.

Curaçao, a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, is officially assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code CW. Moreover, it is also assigned the ISO 3166-2 code NL-CW under the entry for the Netherlands.

ISO 3166
ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.