hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chaim Leib Tiktinsky
Rabbi Chaim Yehudah Leib Tiktinsky (also spelled Tikutinsky) was a prominent 19th century Eastern European rabbi. He served as rosh yeshiva of the Mir Yeshiva in Russia, the third of the Tiktinsky family to serve the position.

Tiktinsky (Mir)
The Tiktinsky (or Tiktinski) family is "associated with the foundation and development of" the Mir Yeshiva (Belarus), from which came the one in Jerusalem, the Mir in Brooklyn and Bais HaTalmud.  Shmuel Tiktinsky and his oldest son, Avrohom, who both died (separately) in 1835, were the first two of this family to facilitate the success of the Mir. At that time, Shmuel's second oldest son, Chaim Leib, was eleven years old. Two others led the Mir before it became his turn.
WSVM
WSVM (1490 AM) is a radio station broadcasting an adult hits format, Licensed to Valdese, North Carolina, United States, it serves Burke, Caldwell, Lincoln, Catawba, Alexander, Cleveland and Gaston counties. The station is owned by Main Street Broadcasting, Inc.

Burke County, North Carolina
Burke County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is part of the state's western mountain region, containing sections of the Blue Ridge Mountains including the Linville Gorge and South Mountains. As of the 2020 census, its population was 87,570. Its county seat is Morganton. Burke County is part of the Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
TramCamp
TramCamp or Tramvia del Camp de Tarragona is a planned tramway in the Camp de Tarragona region of Catalonia, Spain. When fully completed, it will serve the municipalities of Tarragona, Reus, Vila-seca, Salou and Cambrils as well as Reus Airport.

The project will be built in stages. The first stage will link Cambrils, Salou and Vila-seca using the right-of-way of a discontinued Iberian-gauge line. The new system will use standard gauge. The second phase will extend the tram network to Reus and Tarragona with a branch to Reus airport.

Overhead line
An overhead line or overhead wire is an electrical cable that is used to transmit electrical energy to electric locomotives, electric multiple units, trolleybuses or trams. The generic term used by the International Union of Railways for the technology is overhead line. It is known variously as overhead catenary, overhead contact line (OCL), overhead contact system (OCS), overhead equipment (OHE), overhead line equipment (OLE or OHLE), overhead lines (OHL), overhead wiring (OHW), traction wire, and trolley wire.

An overhead line consists of one or more wires (or rails, particularly in tunnels) situated over rail tracks, raised to a high electrical potential by connection to feeder stations at regularly spaced intervals along the track. The feeder stations are usually fed from a high-voltage electrical grid.
Ismail Khalidi (writer)
Ismail Khalidi (Arabic: إسماعيل خالدي; born 1982) is a Palestinian/Lebanese American playwright, screenwriter and theater director whose work tackles the history of Palestine and the modern Middle East, as well as wider themes of race, colonialism, displacement and war. He is best known for the plays Tennis in Nablus (2010) and Truth Serum Blues (2005) and a critically-acclaimed adaptation of Ghassan Kanafani's novella, Returning to Haifa, which premiered in London in 2018. Tennis in Nablus received two graduate student Kennedy Center Honors in 2008 while he was still at NYU, the Mark Twain Comedy Playwriting Award and the Quest for Peace Playwriting Award. Since then his plays have been produced and presented internationally and published in half a dozen anthologies.

Theatre Communications Group
Theatre Communications Group (TCG) is an American non-profit service organization headquartered in New York City that promotes professional non-profit theatre in the United States.

The organization also publishes American Theatre  magazine and ARTSEARCH, a theatrical employment bulletin, as well as trade editions of theatrical scripts.
Bay Terrace, Staten Island
Bay Terrace is a neighborhood, centered around the street of the same name, on the East Shore of Staten Island, one of the five boroughs of New York City. It is part of New York City's 51st City Council district and is represented in the New York City Council by Frank Morano.

Bay Terrace is bordered by Richmondtown to the north, Oakwood to the east, Great Kills to the west, and the Great Kills Harbor to the south.

Oakwood, Staten Island
40°33′37″N 74°07′12″W﻿ / ﻿40.56028°N 74.12000°W﻿ / 40.56028; -74.12000

Oakwood is a neighborhood located in east central Staten Island, New York City, near the South Shore. It is bordered by Tysens Lane (north); the Atlantic Ocean (east); Great Kills Park (south); Kensico Street, and Clarke Avenue (west).

The neighborhood has a coastline on the Lower New York Bay; the coastal area is sometimes referred to as Oakwood Beach, and is the site of a sewage treatment facility.  Bordering this facility on the south is the Staten Island Unit of the Gateway National Recreation Area, also known locally (and formerly, officially) as Great Kills Park.

Oakwood's ZIP Code is 10306, served by a post office in New Dorp, the community's northern neighbor.
Nina Urqu
Nina Urqu (Quechua nina fire, urqu mountain, "fire mountain", also spelled Nina Orkho) is a 4,742-metre-high (15,558 ft) mountain in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the Potosí Department, Sud Lípez Province, in the north of the Esmoruco Municipality, south-west of Guadalupe. Nina Urqu lies south-east of the mountains P'aqu Urqu, Waqrayuq and Muruq'u.

Waqrayuq
Waqrayuq (Quechua waqra horn, -yuq a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with a horn", Hispanicized spelling Huajrayoj) is a 5,362-metre-high (17,592 ft) mountain in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the Potosí Department, Sud Lípez Province, in the north of the Esmoruco Municipality. Waqrayuq lies south-east of the mountain P'aqu Urqu and north-west of the mountain Muruq'u.
The Knight's Tombstone
The Knight's Tombstone is a significant artifact from early American colonial history, located in Jamestown, Virginia, the site of the first permanent English settlement in North America established in 1607. This tombstone, dating back to 1627, is notable for being one of the oldest surviving tombstones in the United States and for its historical and archaeological importance. The stone is evidence of an intricate trade route that developed between Europe and early colonial America. The tombstone is currently showcased at  Memorial Church in Historic Jamestowne, Virginia.

George Yeardley
Sir George Yeardley (b. 1587 – d. November 13, 1627) was a planter and colonial governor of the colony of Virginia. He was also among the first slaveowners in Colonial America. A survivor of the Virginia Company of London's ill-fated 1609 Third Supply Mission, whose flagship, the Sea Venture, was shipwrecked on Bermuda for ten months, he is best remembered for presiding over the initial session of the first representative legislative body in Virginia in 1619. With representatives from throughout the settled portion of the colony the group became known as the House of Burgesses and continued to meet, becoming the Virginia General Assembly.
Vilwadrinatha Temple
The Vilwadrinatha Temple is a Hindu temple in Thiruvilwamala, a town in the city of Thrissur, Kerala, India. The principal deities are Rama, the seventh incarnation of the god Vishnu, and his brother, Lakshmana. It figures among the Abhimana Kshetrams in Vaishnavite traditions. This is one of the four major Rama temples in Kerala – the other three are in Thriprayar, Kadavallur, and Thiruvangad. The temple houses an idol of Lakshmana, which is rare in India. Vilwadrinatha Temple is located in the centre of the community of Thiruvilwamala, atop a 100-foot-high hillock. Visible from the temple is Bharathappuzha, the second-largest river in Kerala, which flows past the temple's northern side from around 3 kilometres away.

Bali pitha
A bali pitha (Sanskrit: बलिपीठम्, romanized: balipīṭham) is the sacrificial altar of a Hindu temple. It is generally built in the shape of a blossoming lotus, erected near the main entrance of a temple. Offerings of riceballs, referred to as pinda, are usually made by adherents upon a bali pitha.
Ringstead, Norfolk
Ringstead is a village and civil parish in the north-west corner of the English county Norfolk.
It covers an area of 11.13 km2 (4.30 sq mi) and had a population of 355 in 155 households at the 2001 census, reducing to 324 at the 2011 census.
For the purposes of local government, it falls within King's Lynn and West Norfolk district.

King's Lynn and West Norfolk
King's Lynn and West Norfolk is a local government district with borough status in Norfolk, England. Its council is based in the town of King's Lynn. The district also includes the towns of Downham Market and Hunstanton, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. The population of the district at the 2021 census was 154,325.

Part of the borough lies within the Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The borough lies on the coast, facing both The Wash to the west and the North Sea to the north. The neighbouring districts are North Norfolk, Breckland, West Suffolk, East Cambridgeshire, Fenland and South Holland.
Sudogodsky Uyezd
Sudogodsky Uyezd (Судогодский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Vladimir Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Sudogda.

Sudogda
Sudogda (Russian: Су́догда) is a town and the administrative center of Sudogodsky District in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the river Sudogda (Klyazma's tributary) 40 kilometers (25 mi) southeast of Vladimir, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 10,408 (2021 census); 11,848 (2010 census); 13,328 (2002 census); 14,191 (1989 Soviet census).
Thermopolium
In the ancient Greco-Roman world, a thermopolium (pl.: thermopolia), from Greek θερμοπώλειον (thermopōlion), i.e. cook-shop, literally "a place where something hot is sold", was a commercial establishment where it was possible to purchase ready-to-eat food. In Latin literature, they are also called popinae, cauponae, hospitia or stabula, but archaeologists refer to them all as thermopolia. They were mainly used by those who did not have their own kitchens, often inhabitants of insulae, and this sometimes led to thermopolia being scorned by the upper class.

Ostia Antica
Ostia Antica (lit. 'Ancient Ostia') is the modern name given to the ancient Roman city of Ostia. It became the port city of Rome located at the mouth of the Tiber and is near modern Ostia, 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Rome. Due to silting of the coastline from the river the site now lies 3 km (2 mi) from the sea. The name Ostia (the plural of ostium) derives from Latin os 'mouth'.

The city continued to be prosperous into late antiquity despite harbour deterioration. After its abandonment sand dunes covered the site and aided the city's preservation which is surpassed only by Pompeii and Herculaneum.

Ostia Antica is now a large archaeological site noted for the excellent preservation of its ancient buildings, magnificent frescoes and impressive mosaics. As in Pompeii, Ostia's remains provide details about Roman urbanism that are not accessible within the city of Rome itself.
Minong Mine Historic District
The Minong Mine is a historic mine site located west of McCargoe Cove campground on Isle Royale National Park, Michigan, United States. The district contains both the remnants of a 19th-century copper mine and remains of pre-contact mining activity. Pre-contact archeological sited in the district include a Late Archaic copper mining pit site designated 20KE24 and a nearby site designated 20KE73. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 and designated a National Historic Landmark in 2021.

Archaic period (North America)
In the classification of the archaeological cultures of North America, the Archaic period in North America, taken to last from around 8000 to 1000 BC in the sequence of North American pre-Columbian cultural stages, is a period defined by the archaic stage of cultural development. The Archaic stage is characterized by subsistence economies supported through the exploitation of nuts, seeds, and shellfish.  As its ending is defined by the adoption of sedentary farming, this date can vary significantly across the Americas.

The term "Archaic Period" is also as a timespan label elsewhere in the Americas, with different timespans than the North American Archaic.
Pyramidal eminence
The pyramidal eminence is a hollow conical projection upon the posterior wall of the tympanic cavity of the middle ear. The stapedius muscle arises in the hollow of the eminence and its tendon exits through its apex.

The pyramidal eminence is situated inferior to the aditus to mastoid antrum, immediately inferior to the oval window (fenestra vestibuli), and anterior to the vertical portion of the facial canal. The apex of the eminence is directed anteriorly toward the oval window.

The cavity in the pyramidal eminence is prolonged inferoposteriorly anterior to the facial canal, with which it communicates by a minute aperture which transmits the nerve to the stapedius from the facial nerve (CN VII).

The space lateral to the pyramidal eminence is the facial recess, which is accessed during surgery for cochlear implant. The space medial to the pyramidal eminence is the sinus tympani.

Middle ear
The middle ear is the portion of the ear medial to the eardrum, and distal to the oval window of the cochlea (of the inner ear).

The mammalian middle ear contains three ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes), which transfer the vibrations of the eardrum into waves in the fluid and membranes of the inner ear.  The hollow space of the middle ear is also known as the tympanic cavity and is surrounded by the tympanic part of the temporal bone. The auditory tube (also known as the Eustachian tube or the pharyngotympanic tube) joins the tympanic cavity with the nasal cavity (nasopharynx), allowing pressure to equalize between the middle ear and throat.

The primary function of the middle ear is to efficiently transfer acoustic energy from compression waves in air to fluid–membrane waves within the cochlea.
Purple Heart
The Purple Heart (PH) is a United States military decoration awarded in the name of the president to those wounded or killed while serving, on or after 5 April 1917, with the U.S. military. With its forerunner, the Badge of Military Merit, which took the form of a heart made of purple cloth, the Purple Heart is the oldest military award still given to U.S. military members. The National Purple Heart Hall of Honor is located in New Windsor, New York.

National Purple Heart Hall of Honor
The National Purple Heart Hall of Honor is located along New York State Route 300 in the town of New Windsor, New York, United States. It is less than two miles south of the Town of Newburgh line and not far from the City of Newburgh. It is a Purple Heart national registry of military personnel that have been injured or killed during combat. In 1782, at Washington's Headquarters State Historic Site, his headquarters in the City of Newburgh, George Washington created the Badge of Military Merit to be given to enlisted men and non-commissioned officers for meritorious action. The museum is located at the New Windsor Cantonment State Historic Site, the last encampment of the Continental Army. It is the first and currently only museum dedicated to a U.S. military medal.
Benburb
Benburb (from Irish Beann Borb, meaning 'proud/prominent cliff')) is a village and townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies 7.5 miles from Armagh and 8 miles from Dungannon. The River Blackwater runs alongside the village as does the Ulster Canal.

Servite Order
The Servite Order, officially known as the Order of Servants of Mary (Latin: Ordo Servorum Beatae Mariae Virginis; abbreviated OSM), is one of the five original mendicant orders in the Catholic Church. Started by the Seven Holy Founders in 1233, it includes several branches of friars (priests and brothers), contemplative nuns, a congregation of religious sisters, and lay groups. The order's objectives are the sanctification of its members, the preaching of the Gospel, and the propagation of devotion to the Mother of God, with special reference to her sorrows.
Jenny Xie
Jenny Xie  is an American poet and educator. She is the author of Eye Level, winner of the 2018 Walt Whitman Award of the Academy of American Poets and a finalist for the National Book Award in 2018, and of The Rupture Tense, a finalist for the National Book Award in 2022.

Vilcek Foundation
The Vilcek Foundation is an American nonprofit organization. The foundation's programs include the Vilcek Foundation Prizes.

The Foundation was established in 2000 by Jan and Marica Vilcek, immigrants from the former Czechoslovakia. The mission of the Foundation was inspired by the couple's respective careers in biomedical science and art history, as well as their appreciation for the opportunities offered to them as newcomers to the United States.
2013 Gerry Weber Open
The 2013 Gerry Weber Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 21st edition of the event known that year as the Gerry Weber Open and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2013 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Gerry Weber Stadion in Halle, Germany, between 8 June and 16 June 2013. First-seeded Roger Federer won his sixth singles title at the event..

2013 ATP World Tour
The 2013 ATP World Tour was the global elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2013 tennis season. The 2013 ATP World Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP World Tour Masters 1000, the ATP World Tour 500 series, the ATP World Tour 250 series, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF) and the ATP World Tour Finals. Also included in the 2013 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which was organized by the ITF and does not distribute ranking points.
Thompson subgroup
In finite group theory, a branch of mathematics, the Thompson subgroup  of a finite p-group P refers to one of several characteristic subgroups of P. John G. Thompson (1964) originally defined  to be the subgroup generated by the abelian subgroups of P of maximal rank. More often the Thompson subgroup     is defined to be the subgroup generated by the abelian subgroups of P of maximal order or the subgroup generated by the elementary abelian subgroups of P of maximal rank. In general these three subgroups can be different, though they are all called the Thompson subgroup and denoted by .

Finite group
In abstract algebra, a finite group is a group whose underlying set is finite.  Finite groups often arise when considering symmetry of mathematical or physical objects, when those objects admit just a finite number of structure-preserving transformations.  Important examples of finite groups include cyclic groups and permutation groups.

The study of finite groups has been an integral part of group theory since it arose in the 19th century.  One major area of study has been classification: the classification of finite simple groups (those with no nontrivial normal subgroup) was completed in 2004.
Michal Mine
The Michal Mine (Czech: důl Michal) is a former coal mine and now a museum in Ostrava in the Czech Republic.

It is a museum of mining located in the pit bank of a former hard coal mine. The museum is an Anchor point on the European Route of Industrial Heritage. The buildings have been preserved as they looked at the turn of the 20th century. The area was declared a national cultural monument in 1995.

European Route of Industrial Heritage
The European Route of Industrial Heritage (ERIH) is a tourist route of the most important industrial heritage sites in Europe. This is a tourism industry information initiative to present a network of industrial heritage sites across Europe. The aim of the project is to create interest for the common European heritage of the Industrialisation and its legacy. ERIH also wants to promote regions, towns and sites showing the industrial history and market them as visitor attractions in the leisure and tourism industry.
II-54 road (Bulgaria)
Republican Road II-54 (Bulgarian: Републикански път II-54) is a 2nd class road in northern Bulgaria, running through the territory of Ruse and Veliko Tarnovo Provinces. Its length is 30.6 km.

The road starts at Km 53.5 of the first class I-5 road in the town of Byala in Ruse Province and heads north along the left bank of the river Yantra in the central Danubian Plain. After passing through the village of Tsenovo it turns in western direction. The road then runs through the villages of Piperkovo and Karamanovo, where it turns northwest, crosses the river Studena, a left tributary of the Yantra, enters Veliko Tarnovo Province and reaches its terminus at Km 51.6 of the second class II-52 road in the eastern part of the village of Vardim.

I-5 road (Bulgaria)
Republic road I-5 (Bulgarian: Републикански път I-5) is a major road in central Bulgaria. It runs between Danube Bridge, at the Danube border with Romania, and the Makaza pass, at the border crossing to Greece. The total length of the road is 397.3 km (246.9 mi). Most of it provides one driving lane per direction. Road I-5 follows European route E85 from Ruse to Haskovo.
History of rail in Dedham, Massachusetts
The history of rail in Dedham, Massachusetts begins with the introduction of the first rail line in 1836 and runs to the present day.  Multiple railroads have serviced Dedham since then, and current service is provided by the MBTA.  The station in Dedham Square built in 1881 out of Dedham Granite was demolished in 1951 and the stones were used to put an addition on the Town's library.  There are two active stations today, and multiple others in close proximity.

Needham Line
The Needham Line is a branch of the MBTA Commuter Rail system, running west from downtown Boston, Massachusetts through Roxbury, Jamaica Plain, Roslindale, West Roxbury, and the town of Needham.  The second-shortest line of the system at just 13.7 miles (22.0 km) long, it carried 4,881 daily riders in October 2022.  Unlike the MBTA's eleven other commuter rail lines, the Needham Line is not a former intercity mainline; instead, it is composed of a former branch line, a short segment of one intercity line (running in the reverse of its original direction), and a 1906-built connector.
Naval Health Clinic Cherry Point
The Naval Health Clinic, Cherry Point is a military treatment facility located aboard Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point providing medical care to United States uniformed service members, beneficiaries and retirees living and serving in the Eastern North Carolina region. The clinic's motto "Keeping the Warfighter in the Fight" reflects its commitment to ensuring the base's tenet units assigned to the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing and Fleet Readiness Center East attain and sustain the highest state of medical readiness.

Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point
Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point or MCAS Cherry Point (*34°54′03″N 76°52′51″W﻿ / ﻿34.9009°N 76.8807°W﻿ / 34.9009; -76.8807) (ICAO: KNKT, FAA LID: NKT) is a United States Marine Corps airfield located in Havelock, North Carolina, United States, in the eastern part of the state. It was built in 1941, and was commissioned in 1942 and is currently home to the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing.