hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kvernhøe
Kvernhøe is a mountain in Øystre Slidre Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,686-metre (5,531 ft) tall mountain is located about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) northeast of the village of Beitostølen. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Heimdalshøe to the north, Gråhøe to the northeast, Bitihorn to the southwest, and Raslet to the west. The lake Vinstre lies to the south. The mountain sits on the eastern edge of the Valdresflye plateau.

Heimdalshøe
Heimdalshøe is a mountain on the border of Nord-Fron Municipality and Vågå Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,843-metre (6,047 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains and in the upper Sikkilsdalen valley. The mountain sits about 47 kilometres (29 mi) south of the village of Vågåmo and about 24 kilometres (15 mi) north of the village of Beitostølen. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Styggehøe, Gravdalsknappen, and Ingulssjøhøi to the northeast; and Besshø and Besseggen to the northwest. At a height of 1,843 metres (6,047 ft) above sea level, it is the highest mountain in the Nord-Fron Municipality. The mountain's topographic prominence of 670 metres (2,200 ft) is among Scandinavia's 200 highest.
Bart Ramselaar
Bart Ramselaar (born 29 June 1996) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays either as an attacking-midfielder or winger for Singapore Premier League club Lion City Sailors and the Netherlands national team.

2024–25 Singapore Premier League
The 2024–25 Singapore Premier League (also known as the AIA Singapore Premier League due to sponsorship reasons) is the 7th season of the Singapore Premier League, the top-flight Singaporean professional league for association football clubs, since its rebranding in 2018.
2006 Speed World Challenge
The 2006 Speed World Challenge season was the 17th season of the SCCA Pro Racing Speed World Challenge. It began on March 15 at Sebring International Raceway and ended on October 21 at Road Atlanta after ten rounds.

GT World Challenge America
GT World Challenge America is a North American auto racing series launched in 1990 by the Sports Car Club of America. It has been managed by the SRO Motorsports Group since 2018, and has been sanctioned by the United States Auto Club since 2017.

The series functions as the highest level of SRO Motorsports America race weekends, supported by the Pirelli GT4 America, GT America, Toyota GR Cup North America, TC America, and McLaren Trophy America series. A GT World Challenge America race weekend consists of two 90 minute races held exclusively for GT3-class race cars, though it has been confirmed that the format will change to a single three hour race per weekend beginning in 2026.
Féron
Féron (French pronunciation: [feʁɔ̃]) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

It is around 3 km (1.9 mi) north of Fourmies. Its population in 2019 was 564. The current mayor, elected in 2020, is Jean-François Baudry. There is an annual festival "Féron'Arts".

Fourmies, Nord
Fourmies (French pronunciation: [fuʁmi]) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. The inhabitants are called Fourmisiens. It lies on the river Helpe Mineure (Helpe Minor or Little Helpe). Since 2015, Fourmies has been the seat of the Canton of Fourmies, an administrative division of the Nord department. The canton was created at the French canton reorganization which came into effect in March 2015.
Eric Howlett
Eric Mayorga Howlett (December 27, 1926 – December 11, 2011) was the inventor of the LEEP (Large Expanse Extra Perspective), extreme wide-angle stereoscopic optics used in photographic and virtual reality systems.

According to Wayne Carlson, professor of design at Ohio State University, in 2005:

"The Large Expanse, Extra Perspective (LEEP) optical system was designed by Eric Howlett in 1979 and provides the basis for most of the current virtual reality helmets available today. The combined system gave a very wide field of view stereoscopic image. The users of the system have been impressed by the sensation of depth [field of view] in the scene and the corresponding realism. The original LEEP system was redesigned [used] for the NASA Ames Research Center in 1985 for their first virtual reality installation, the VIEW (Virtual Interactive Environment Workstation) by Scott Fisher."

Scott Fisher (technologist)
Scott Fisher is the Professor and Founding Chair of the Interactive Media Division in the USC School of Cinematic Arts at the University of Southern California, and Director of the Mobile and Environmental Media Lab there. He is an artist and technologist who has worked extensively on virtual reality, including pioneering work at NASA, Atari Research Labs, MIT's Architecture Machine Group (now the MIT Media Lab) and Keio University.
Sde Nehemia
Sde Nehemia (Hebrew: שדה נחמיה, lit. 'Nehemia's Field') is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Upper Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 1,157.

The Banias and Hasbani Rivers converge on the grounds of the kibbutz.

Upper Galilee Regional Council
The Upper Galilee Regional Council (Hebrew: מוֹעָצָה אֲזוֹרִית הַגָּלִיל הַעֶלְיוֹן, translit. Mo'atza Azorit HaGalil HaElyon) is a regional council in Israel's Upper Galilee region, bordered by the Mevo'ot HaHermon Regional Council and the Golan Regional Council, as well as a border with southern Lebanon.

The municipal area has a population of 15,500 and is headed by Giora Salz since December 2012, following 14 years by veteran Aharon Valenci. Its headquarters are located in Kiryat Shmona, an independent city not included in the council's jurisdiction.
RU-58642
RU-58642 is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen (NSAA) derived from nilutamide with very high affinity and selectivity for the androgen receptor (AR), which made it among the most potent and efficacious antiandrogens known at the time of its discovery. It was investigated for topical application for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (male-pattern baldness), but development did not proceed past initial trial stages, and it is now only used for scientific research into the AR.

Nonsteroidal antiandrogen
A nonsteroidal antiandrogen (NSAA) is an antiandrogen with a nonsteroidal chemical structure. They are typically selective and full or silent antagonists of the androgen receptor (AR) and act by directly blocking the effects of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). NSAAs are used in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions in men and women. They are the converse of steroidal antiandrogens (SAAs), which are antiandrogens that are steroids and are structurally related to testosterone.
Crocodile farming in Singapore
Crocodile farming in Singapore is a specialized agricultural industry dedicated to the breeding and raising of crocodiles for the commercial production of both crocodile meat and leather.

The majority of crocodile species farmed in Singapore since the 1940s have primarily included Crocodylus porosus, along with Crocodylus novaeguinae, Caiman crocodilus, and Tomistoma schlegelii, with Crocodylus porosus being the most prevalent. Singapore has served as a hub for exporting crocodile meat and operates tanneries that process crocodile skins for the leather industry. Although crocodile farming was once a highly profitable industry for many farms in Singapore, only one remains today. As of 2023, Long Kuan Hung Crocodile Farm is the sole surviving crocodile farm in the country, housing more than 13,000 crocodiles.

CITES
CITES (shorter acronym for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals from the threats of international trade. It was drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting of members of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The convention was opened for signature in 1973 and CITES entered into force on 1 July 1975.

Its aim is to ensure that international trade (import/export) in specimens of animals and plants included under CITES does not threaten the survival of the species in the wild. This is achieved via a system of permits and certificates. CITES affords varying degrees of protection to more than 40,900 species.

As of December 2024, the Secretary-General of CITES is Ivonne Higuero.
Mazaetullus
Mazaetullus (Numidian: ⵎⵙⴷⵍ, MSDL; Ancient Greek: Μεσότολος) was a Numidian prince and a de facto ruler of the Massylii in Eastern Numidia during the reign of Lacumazes. He rose to prominence in the late 3rd century BCE amid a period of succession struggles, inciting the Massylian civil war in 206 BCE, and organized a revolt against the ruling family, successfully usurping the throne from Capussa. Mazaetullus also engaged in the Second Punic War as an ally of Carthage, and was the brother-in-law of Hannibal.

Numidian language
Numidian /n(j)uːˈmɪdiən/ was a language spoken in ancient Numidia. The script in which it was written, the Libyco-Berber alphabet (from which Tifinagh descended), has been almost fully deciphered and most characters (apart from a few exceptions restricted to specific areas) have known values. Libyco-Berber inscriptions are attested from the 3rd century BC to the 3rd century AD. As most surviving inscriptions are funerary steles with a simple format, only a few words have known meanings. The language can be confidently identified only as belonging to the Afroasiatic family, although it was likely part of the Berber languages, spoken at the start of the breakup of the Proto-Berber language, or possibly a sister branch to the modern Berber languages.
Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users
Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users or SAFETEA-LU /ˈseɪftiːˈluː/ was a funding and authorization bill that governed United States federal surface transportation spending. It was signed into law by President George W. Bush on August 10, 2005, as Pub. L. 109–59 (text) (PDF) and 119 Stat. 1144.

Pork barrel
Pork barrel, or simply pork, is a metaphor for allocating government spending to localized projects in the representative's district or for securing direct expenditures primarily serving the sole interests of the representative. The usage originated in American English, and it indicates a negotiated way of political particularism.
Purpuradusta microdon
Purpuradusta microdon is species of tropical sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. This species lives in the Indo-Pacific oceans.

The shell of this cowry closely resembles that of Purpuradusta minoridens.

Subspecies

Purpuradusta microdon microdon (Gray, 1828)

Purpuradusta microdon chrysalis (Kiener, 1843)

Purpuradusta minoridens
Purpuradusta minoridens, common name : the small-toothed cowry,  is a species of tropical sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae.

Subspecies

Purpuradusta minoridens julianjosephi Lorenz, 2017

Purpuradusta minoridens minoridens (Melvill, 1901)
Military career of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881 – 10 November 1938) was a field marshal, revolutionary statesman, and founder of the Republic of Turkey as well as its first president. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's military career explains his life between graduation from Ottoman War College in Istanbul as a lieutenant in 1905 to his resignation from the Ottoman Army on 8 July 1919, as well as his military leadership throughout the subsequent Turkish War of Independence (armistice 11 October 1922).

Kâzım Karabekir
Musa Kâzım Karabekir (also Kiazim in English; Ottoman Turkish: موسی كاظم قره بكر; 1882 – 26 January 1948) was a Turkish general and politician. He was the commander of the Eastern Army of the Ottoman Empire during the Turkish War of Independence, and fought a successful military campaign against the Armenian Democratic Republic. He was the founder and leader of the Progressive Republican Party, the Turkish Republic's first opposition party to Atatürk, though he and his party would be purged following the Sheikh Said revolt. He was rehabilitated with İsmet İnönü's ascension to the presidency in 1938 and served as Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey before his death.
Kaikai (ferry)
Kaikai was a "K-class" ferry on Sydney Harbour. Commissioned in 1907, the timber-hulled steamer was built for Sydney Ferries Limited during the boom in cross-harbour ferry travel prior to the 1932 opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. At the time of launch, Kaikai was one of Sydney's largest wooden ferries, being the longest and second largest by tonnage. She was a typical example of the "K-class"; a group of double-deck, double-ended, steam-powered screw ferries.

Kaikai was built for the short but busy cross-harbour route between Circular Quay and Milsons Point. She survived the 1932 opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge (17 other Sydney Ferries Limited vessels were sold at the time). She was taken over by the Royal Australian Navy in 1942 and sold for breaking up in 1947.

Kaikai followed Sydney Ferries Limited's tradition of naming their vessels after Australian Indigenous words starting with "K". "Kaikai" is thought to be an indigenous word for 'food' or 'jewfish'.

Kameruka and Kamiri
Kameruka and Kamiri were near identical ferries that served on Sydney Harbour. Kamiri was built in 1912 and Kameruka was launched on 8 February 1913. They were double-ended "K-class" steam ferries, a type that was prolific on Sydney Harbour in the early 20th century boom in cross-Sydney Harbour ferry transport before the 1932 opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Kamiri was laid up in 1951 following the New South Wales government take-over of the Sydney Ferries Limited. Kameruka was converted to diesel in 1954 and was laid up in 1984.

Both ferries were part of a Sydney Ferries Limited tradition of naming their "K-class" ferries with Australian Aboriginal words beginning with "K". "Kamiri" is the name of an Aboriginal tribe and "Kameruka" is thought to mean 'wait til I come'.
Kelechi Amadi-Obi
Kelechi Amadi-Obi // ⓘ (born December 29, 1969) is a Nigerian creative photographer, painter, artist and the publisher of Mania Magazine. His work in photography and visual art has earned him international renown featuring in many international exhibitions including Snap Judgment: New Position in contemporary African Photography, International center of photography New York (2006). He has been described as one of Nigeria's groundbreaking celebrity photographers who has "helped put Nigerian photography on the world map". Vogue calls him "a major force in the creative scene in Nigeria".

TY Bello
Toyin Sokefun-Bello (listenⓘ; born 14 January 1978), who is better known as TY Bello, is a Nigerian singer, songwriter, photographer and philanthropist. Prior to pursuing a solo career, she was a member of the now defunct gospel band Kush. Bello is currently a member of the Nigerian photography collective, Depth of Field. She has released the albums Greenland (2008), The Future (2011), The Morning Songbook (2014), Africa Awake (2021), We Are Fire (2022), Heaven Has Come (2023), and The Spirit of Light (2024).
Grey parrot
The grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus), also known as the Congo grey parrot, is an African parrot in the family  Psittacidae. Psittacus erithacus was previously also known as the African grey parrot until the Timneh parrot (Psittacus timneh), previously treated as a subspecies, was elevated to a full species.

10th edition of Systema Naturae
The 10th edition of Systema Naturae (Latin; the English title is A General System of Nature) is a book written by Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. In it, Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature for animals, something he had already done for plants in his 1753 publication of Species Plantarum.
Lucet
A lucet is a tool used in cordmaking or braiding which is believed to date back to the Viking and Medieval periods, when it was used to create cords that were used on clothing, or to hang items from the belt. Lucet cord is square, strong, and slightly springy. It closely resembles knitted I-cord or the cord produced on a knitting spool. Lucet may unravel if cut, but is easily fixed with a small knot. Unlike other braiding techniques such as kumihimo, finger-loop braiding or plaiting, where the threads are of a finite length, lucetted (or knitted) braids can be created without pre-measuring threads and so it is a technique suited for very long cords.

Fingerloop braid
Fingerloop braiding is a technique of making sturdy and decorative cords from threads. It is a type of braiding known as loop manipulation. The braid is made from loops of thread, attached at a central point, and the loops placed over the fingers and interlaced in different ways.

In Europe it originated in the Middle Ages, and excavations from London have produced numerous examples in silk from between the second half of the 12th century and first half of the 15th. From the 15th century onwards, various directions and recipes for different fingerloop braid techniques began to appear in books and in print.

A related technique, which involved the loops being placed over the hand or fingers, is the Japanese kute-uchi style. This technique arose in the 7th Century, and were used through the Middle Ages to the 19th century, for uses such as tying armour.
JISC Digitisation Programme
The JISC Digitisation Programme was a series of projects to digitise the cultural heritage and scholarly materials in universities, libraries, museums, archives, and other cultural memory organizations in the United Kingdom, from 2004 to 2010 The program was managed by the UK's Joint Information Systems Committee, the body that supports United Kingdom post-16 and higher education and research in support of learning, teaching, research and administration in the context of ICT.

The Programme had three main strands.

Phase 1 ran from 2004 to 2007 and funded six separate digitization projects.

Phase 2 ran from 2007 to 2009 and funded sixteen projects.

Enriching Digital Resources ran from 2008 to 2010 and funded twenty-five projects.

Jisc
Jisc is a United Kingdom not-for-profit organisation that provides network and IT services and digital resources in support of further and higher education and research, as well as the public sector. Its head office is based in Bristol with offices in London, Manchester, and Oxford. Its current CEO is Heidi Fraser-Krauss, who joined in September 2021 from the University of Sheffield.
Wyhl
Wyhl, officially Wyhl am Kaiserstuhl (German pronunciation: [ˈviːl ʔam ˈkaɪzɐʃtuːl]; lit. 'Wyhl on the Kaiserstuhl'), is a municipality in the district of Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg in southwestern Germany.

Emmendingen (district)
Emmendingen (German: Landkreis Emmendingen) is a Landkreis (district) in the west of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Ortenaukreis, Schwarzwald-Baar, Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald and the district-free city Freiburg. To the west it borders the French département Bas-Rhin.
Balmerino Parish Church
Balmerino Parish Church is a Church of Scotland parish church in Bottomcraig, Fife, Scotland. The church sits in the centre of the small village where it was built in 1811. It is situated across the road from the accompanying manse constructed in 1816.

Statistical Accounts of Scotland
The Statistical Accounts of Scotland are a series of documentary publications, related in subject matter though published at different times, covering life in Scotland in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries.

The Old (or First) Statistical Account of Scotland was published between 1791 and 1799 by Sir John Sinclair of Ulbster. The New (or Second) Statistical Account of Scotland published under the auspices of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland between 1834 and 1845. These first two Statistical Accounts of Scotland are among the finest European contemporary records of life during the agricultural and industrial revolutions.

A Third Statistical Account of Scotland was published between 1951 and 1992.
Amt Lebus
Amt Lebus is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Märkisch-Oderland, in Brandenburg, Germany. Its seat is in Lebus.

The Amt Lebus consists of the following municipalities:

Lebus

Podelzig

Reitwein

Treplin

Zeschdorf

Märkisch-Oderland
Märkisch-Oderland is a Landkreis (district) in the eastern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Neighboring this district are (from the north clockwise) the district of Barnim, the country of Poland, the district-free city of Frankfurt (Oder), the district of Oder-Spree and the Bundesland of Berlin. The administrative seat is the town of Seelow but the largest town is Strausberg.
July 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
July 24 - Eastern Orthodox calendar - July 26

All fixed commemorations below are celebrated on August 7 by Old Calendar.

For July 25th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on July 12.

Metropolis of Thessaloniki
The Metropolis of Thessaloniki (Greek: Ιερά Μητρόπολις Θεσσαλονίκης) is a Greek Orthodox metropolitan see based in the city of Thessaloniki in Central Macedonia, Greece. It is part of the so-called "New Lands", belonging to the jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople but being administered by the Church of Greece. The see traces its history to its foundation by the Apostle Paul in the 1st century. Since 2023, the incumbent metropolitan is Filotheos Theocharis.
USS Unimak
USS Unimak (AVP-31) was a United States Navy Barnegat-class small seaplane tender in commission from 1943 to 1946 that saw service in World War II. After the war, she was in commission in the United States Coast Guard as the cutter USCGC Unimak (WAVP-379), later WHEC-379, WTR-379, and again WHEC-379, from 1949 to 1975 and from 1977 to 1988.

United States Coast Guard Cutter
United States Coast Guard Cutter is the term used by the U.S. Coast Guard for its commissioned vessels.  They are 65 feet (19.8 m) or greater in length and have a permanently assigned crew with accommodations aboard.  They carry the ship prefix USCGC.
Renault R26
The Renault R26 is a Formula One racing car, used by the Renault F1 team in the 2006 Formula One season. The chassis was designed by Bob Bell, James Allison, Tim Densham and Dino Toso with Pat Symonds overseeing the design and production of the car as executive director of Engineering and Rob White leading the engine design. The car was driven by Fernando Alonso and Giancarlo Fisichella.

This was the first V8-powered Enstone-based Formula One car since the Benetton B194 in 1994.

Tuned mass damper
A tuned mass damper (TMD), also known as a harmonic absorber or seismic damper, is a device mounted in structures to reduce mechanical vibrations, consisting of a mass mounted on one or more damped springs. Its oscillation frequency is tuned to be similar to the resonant frequency of the object it is mounted to, and reduces the object's maximum amplitude while weighing much less than it.

TMDs can prevent discomfort, damage, or outright structural failure. They are frequently used in power transmission, automobiles and buildings.
Wings Over Africa
Wings Over Africa is a 1936 British adventure film directed by Ladislao Vajda and starring Joan Gardner, Ian Colin, James Harcourt and James Carew. It was written by Ákos Tolnay,  Marjorie Deans, Reginald Long and Patrick Kirwan.

The film is a quota quickie produced for released by RKO.

Cinematograph Films Act 1927
The Cinematograph Films Act 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 29) was an act of the UK Parliament designed to stimulate the declining British film industry. It received royal assent on 22 December 1927 and came into force on 1 April 1928.