hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tai Hang (constituency)
Tai Hang was one of the 13 constituencies in the Wan Chai District.

It returned one member of the district council until it was abolished the 2023 electoral reforms.

Tai Hang constituency was loosely based on the Tai Hang area in Hong Kong Island with estimated population of 13,701.

Tai Hang
Tai Hang (Chinese: 大坑; lit. 'The Big Water Channel') is an area southeast of Causeway Bay located in the mid-north of Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong. It is home to many luxurious private apartments. Residents are predominantly more affluent Hong Kong locals and expatriate professionals.
Primula hortensis
Primula hortensis is a name which has been applied to various hybrids in the genus Primula, e.g. to Primula × polyantha Mill. by Focke and to Primula × pubescens by Wittstein. The name Primula hortensis is not an accepted taxon name, however.

Primula × polyantha
Primula × polyantha, the polyanthus primrose or false oxlip, is a naturally occurring hybrid species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae. It is the result of crosses between Primula veris (common cowslip) and Primula vulgaris (common primrose). It is native to Europe, found where the parent species' ranges overlap, and many artificial hybrid cultivars have also been created for the garden trade. Naturally‑occurring individuals (the false oxlips) tend to have yellow flowers, while a wide range of flower colors has been developed in the cultivars (the polyanthus primroses) over the centuries.
Passive radar
Passive radar (also referred to as parasitic radar, passive coherent location, passive surveillance, and passive covert radar) is a class of radar systems that detect and track objects by processing reflections from non-cooperative sources of illumination in the environment, such as commercial broadcast and communications signals.  It is a specific case of bistatic radar – passive bistatic radar (PBR) – which is a broad type also including the exploitation of cooperative and non-cooperative radar transmitters.

Kolchuga passive sensor
The Kolchuga (Кольчуга, 'Chainmail') passive sensor is an electronic-warfare support measures (ESM) system developed in the Soviet Union and manufactured in Ukraine. Its detection range is limited by line-of-sight but may be up to 800 km (500 mi) for very high altitude, very powerful emitters. Frequently referred to as Kolchuga Radar, the system is not really a radar, but an ESM system comprising three or four receivers, deployed tens of kilometres apart, which detect and track aircraft by triangulation and multilateration of their RF emissions.
Ecuadorian literature
Ecuadorian literature has been characterized for essentially being costumbrista and, in general, closely linked to events that are exclusively national in nature, with narratives that provide a glimpse into the life of the common citizen.The origins of Ecuadorian literature go back to the ancestral narratives that were passed down from generation to generation. These first stories dealt with fantastical, mythological, and legendary themes.

In recent years, Ecuadorian literature has achieved international notoriety thanks to authors such as Mónica Ojeda and María Fernanda Ampuero.

Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo
Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo (Spanish pronunciation: [maɾθeˈlino meˈnendeθ i peˈlaʝo]; 3 November 1856 – 19 May 1912) was a Spanish scholar, historian and literary critic. Even though his main interest was the history of ideas, and Hispanic philology in general, he also cultivated poetry, translation and philosophy. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature five times.
Embodied embedded cognition
Embodied embedded cognition (EEC) is a philosophical theoretical position in cognitive science, closely related to situated cognition, embodied cognition, embodied cognitive science and dynamical systems theory. The theory states that intelligent behaviour emerges from the interplay between brain, body and world. The world is not just the 'play-ground' on which the brain is acting. Rather, brain, body and world are equally important factors in the explanation of how particular intelligent behaviours come about in practice.

Cognitive science
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include perception, memory, attention, reasoning, language, and emotion. To understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as psychology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. The typical analysis of cognitive science spans many levels of organization, from learning and decision-making to logic and planning; from neural circuitry to modular brain organization. One of the fundamental concepts of cognitive science is that "thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures."
Warsaw Shore series 12
The twelfth series of Warsaw Shore, a Polish television programme based in Warsaw, Poland was announced in July 2019 and began airing on 22 September 2019. The series was filmed in Mielno, making this the second series to be filmed there following the sixth series in 2016. This is the first series not to include two former cast members Klaudia "Czaja" Czajkowska and Klaudia Stec who had quit the show after the previous series and the first to include six new cast members Hungarian celebrity Gábor "Gabo" Szabó, Joanna Bałdys, Paweł Hałabuda, Anna Tokarska, Radosław "Diva" Majchrowski and Sasha Muzheiko, who had previously appeared on the sixth series of Top Model. The series also featured the brief return of Jakub Henke and Wojciech Gola. This was the final series to include cast member Damian "Stifler" Zduńczyk following his decision to quit. It was also later announced that this would be Anna "Mała" Aleksandrzak's last series.

Warsaw Shore: Summer Camp 2 series 6
The sixth series of Warsaw Shore, a Polish television programme based in Warsaw, Poland was announced on 16 June 2016. The sixth season began airing on 28 August 2016. This was the first series not to include Anna Ryśnik since she made her exit during the previous series. Ewelina Kubiak and twin brothers Pauly and Pietro Kluk also left the show and was the first to feature new cast members Aleksandra Smoleń and Piotr Polak. Ahead of the series it was confirmed that the series would be filmed in Mielno. On 20 October 2016 it was announced that Klaudia Stec had quit the show mid-series and was replaced by new cast member Ewelina "Młoda" Bańkowska.
Sustainable (song)
"Sustainable" (サステナブル, Sasutenaburu) is the 56th single by Japanese idol group AKB48. It was released in Japan by King Records on September 18, 2019, in seven versions. It debuted at number one on the Oricon Singles Chart and Billboard Japan Hot 100, with over 1.6 million copies sold in Japan in its first week, making it the highest weekly sales of the year. It was the best-selling single of 2019 in Japan.
The lead performer for the main track is Moeka Yahagi, and this is also her last single as well.

This single is released in four physical different version, Type A, Type B, Type C and Theater Edition.

NGT48
NGT48 (pronounced "N.G.T. Forty-eight") is a Japanese girl group produced by Yasushi Akimoto. NGT48 is named after Niigata City of Niigata Prefecture, where the group is based. The group performs at the NGT48 Theater which is located in the fourth floor of the LoveLa2 shopping mall in Niigata City.

After then-member Maho Yamaguchi's assault in December 2018, after which she had claimed that the management had done nothing to address other NGT48 members allegedly involved in assisting her attackers, in April 2019, the NGT48 management dissolved the team system, with all current members unified according to generations.
Phoenix (son of Amyntor)
In Greek mythology, Phoenix (Ancient Greek: Φοῖνιξ Phoinix, gen. Φοίνικος Phoinikos) was the son of king Amyntor. Because of a dispute with his father, Phoenix fled to Phthia, where he became king of the Dolopians, and tutor of the young Achilles, whom he accompanied to the Trojan War. After Achilles had in anger withdrawn from the war, Phoenix tried to persuade Achilles to return.

Phoenix appears as a character in the Iliad, where Homer has him tell his story. He is also mentioned several times in the Epic Cycle. There were several lost 5th-century BC tragedies titled Phoenix, which presumably told his story, and he appeared as a character in several others. Mentions of Phoenix occur in Pindar, the Palatine Anthology, Lycophron, Ovid and Hyginus, and a brief account of his story is given by the mythographer Apollodorus. Phoenix also appears in many works of ancient art from as early as the 6th century BC.

Skyros
Skyros (Modern Greek: Σκύρος, pronounced [ˈsciros]), in some historical contexts Latinized Scyros (Ancient Greek: Σκῦρος, Attic Greek pronunciation: [skŷːros]), is an island in Greece. It is the southernmost inhabited island of the Sporades, an archipelago in the Aegean Sea. Around the 2nd millennium BC, the island was known as The Island of the Magnetes; later, it was consecutively known as  Pelasgia, Dolopia, and finally Skyros. At 209 km2 (81 sq mi), it is the largest island of the Sporades, and had a population of about 3,000 in 2021.
Vril
Vril: The Power of the Coming Race, originally published as The Coming Race, is a novel by English politician and writer Edward Bulwer-Lytton, published anonymously in 1871.

Some readers have believed the account of a superior subterranean master race and the energy-form called "Vril", at least in part; some theosophists, notably Helena Blavatsky, William Scott-Elliot, and Rudolf Steiner, accepted the book as based on occult truth, in part. One 1960 book, The Morning of the Magicians by Jacques Bergier and Louis Pauwels, suggested that a secret Vril Society existed in Weimar Berlin.

The name "Vril" may be based on the word virile.

Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke
Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke (15 January 1953 – 29 August 2012) was a British historian and professor of Western esotericism at the University of Exeter, best known for his authorship of several scholarly books on the history of occultism in Nazism and Western esotericism, including The Occult Roots of Nazism, Hitler's Priestess, and Black Sun.

He edited and translated several other books, and edited two academic book series on religion and esotericism. Goodrick-Clarke was the founder and director of the Exeter Centre for the Study of Esotericism (EXESESO), and the co-founder of the European Society for the Study of Western Esotericism.
Shane McNulty
Shane McNulty (born 28 June 1994) is an Irish hurler who plays for Waterford Senior Championship club De La Salle and at inter-county level with the Waterford senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a left corner-back.

2015 National Hurling League
The 2015 National Hurling League was the 84th staging of the National Hurling League. Waterford won their first title since 2007 after a 1-24 to 0-17 win against Cork in the final on 3 May.

TG4 and Setanta provided live coverage of the league with highlights shown on RTÉ2 on Sunday nights.
Truncated Newton method
The truncated Newton method, originated in a paper by Ron Dembo and Trond Steihaug, also known as Hessian-free optimization, are a family of optimization algorithms designed for optimizing non-linear functions with large numbers of independent variables. A truncated Newton method consists of repeated application of an iterative optimization algorithm to approximately solve Newton's equations, to determine an update to the function's parameters. The inner solver is truncated, i.e., run for only a limited number of iterations. It follows that, for truncated Newton methods to work, the inner solver needs to produce a good approximation in a finite number of iterations; conjugate gradient has been suggested and evaluated as a candidate inner loop. Another prerequisite is good preconditioning for the inner algorithm.

Newton's method in optimization
In calculus, Newton's method (also called Newton–Raphson) is an iterative method for finding the roots of a differentiable function , which are solutions to the equation . However, to optimize a twice-differentiable , our goal is to find the roots of . We can therefore use Newton's method on its derivative  to find solutions to , also known as the critical points of . These solutions may be minima, maxima, or saddle points; see section "Several variables" in Critical point (mathematics) and also section "Geometric interpretation" in this article. This is relevant in optimization, which aims to find (global) minima of the function .
2010 Franken Challenge
The 2010 Franken Challenge was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Fürth, Germany between 30 May – 6 June 2010.

Franken Challenge
The Franken Challenge (former Schickedanz Open) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It is held annually in Fürth, Germany, since 1979 (as a club event from 1979 to 1985, as a Futures in 1986, as a Challenger since 1987). After having been on the calendar for 38 years, the 2017 edition had to be cancelled for lack of funding.
2015 Hong Kong ATP Challenger
The 2015 Hong Kong ATP Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Hong Kong, between 27 January and 1 February 2015.

Hong Kong ATP Challenger
The Hong Kong ATP Challenger is a tennis tournament held in Hong Kong since 2015. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on outdoor hard courts.

This was the first time since 1999 that a Challenger event was held in Hong Kong. This was also the highest-level professional men’s tennis tournament held in Hong Kong since the last edition of the Hong Kong Open (an ATP Tour-level event) in 2002, before it was held again in 2024.
Ian Gent
Ian Gent is a British computer scientist working in the area of artificial intelligence and specialising in the area of constraint programming. He is a professor at the University of St Andrews. He (along with Toby Walsh) first wrote about the phase transition in many NP complete problems, in particular SAT. He was also one of the first researchers to investigate full generic methods to handle symmetry in constraint programming.

Gent founded recomputation.org, to promote reproducible experiments in computer science.

He was one of the founders of the csplib.org website, and popularised the Petrie Multiplier.

In January 2013 Gent founded the blog Depressed Academics with Mikael Vejdemo-Johansson.

Toby Walsh
Toby Walsh is a British computer scientist who is Chief Scientist at UNSW.ai, the AI Institute of UNSW Sydney. He is a Laureate fellow, and professor of artificial intelligence in the UNSW School of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of New South Wales and Data61 (formerly NICTA). He has served as Scientific Director of NICTA, Australia's centre of excellence for ICT research. He is noted for his work in artificial intelligence, especially in the areas of social choice, constraint programming and propositional satisfiability. He has served on the Executive Council of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.
James J. Hill House
The James J. Hill House is the former mansion of railroad magnate James J. Hill, today operated as a museum home. It is located in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States, towards the eastern end of Summit Avenue near the Cathedral of Saint Paul.  Completed in 1891, the house has 36,000 square feet (3,300 m2) of living area and 44,552 square feet (4,139.0 m2) of total space. During Hill's lifetime it was regarded as the "showcase of St. Paul".

It is listed as a U.S. National Historic Landmark, operated by the Minnesota Historical Society. It is also a contributing property to the Historic Hill District.

Great Northern Railway (U.S.)
The Great Northern Railway (reporting mark GN) was an American Class I railroad. Running from Saint Paul, Minnesota, to Seattle, Washington, it was the creation of 19th-century Canadian-American railroad entrepreneur James J. Hill and was developed from the Saint Paul & Pacific Railroad. The Great Northern's route made it the northernmost transcontinental railroad in the U.S.

In 1970, the Great Northern Railway merged with three other railroads to form the Burlington Northern Railroad, which merged in 1996 with the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway to form the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway.
St. Philip's Episcopal Church (Harrodsburg, Kentucky)
The St. Philips Episcopal Church in Harrodsburg, Kentucky is a historic church at Short and Chiles Streets.  It was built during 1860-1861 and was added to the National Register in 1978.

It is a brick church with granite trim.  It is approximately 90 by 30 feet (27.4 m × 9.1 m) or 90 by 35 feet (27 m × 11 m) in plan.

Harrodsburg, Kentucky
Harrodsburg is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Mercer County, Kentucky, United States.  The population was 9,064 at the 2020 census.

Although Harrodsburg was formally established by the Virginia House of Burgesses after Boonesborough and was not incorporated by the Kentucky legislature until 1836, President Franklin D. Roosevelt honored it as the oldest permanent American settlement west of the Appalachians.
Aiemann Zahabi
Aiemann Zahabi (born November 19, 1987) is a Canadian mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the bantamweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). Aiemann is the younger brother of Tristar Gym head trainer Firas Zahabi. As of January 27, 2026, he is #6 in the UFC bantamweight rankings.

Bantamweight (MMA)
The bantamweight division in mixed martial arts refers to a number of different MMA weight classes, which groups competitors within 126–135 lb (57.2-61.3 kg)

The UFC bantamweight division, which groups competitiors within the 126-135 lb (57-61 kg)

The Shooto bantamweight division, which suits competitors below 125 lb (56.7 kg)

The ONE Championship's bantamweight division, with upper limit at 65.8 kg (145.1 lb)

The Road FC's bantamweight division, with upper limit at 135.6 lb (61.5 kg)

The bantamweight division sits between the lighter flyweight (116–125 lb) division and the heavier featherweight division (136–145 lb).
Mudbrick
A mudbrick (or mud-brick), also called an unfired brick, is an air-dried brick composed of a mixture of mud (containing loam, clay, sand, and water) with a binding material, such as rice husks or straw. Mudbricks are known to have been used since 9000 BCE.

From around 5000–4000 BCE, mudbricks evolved into fired bricks to increase strength and durability. Nevertheless, in some warm regions with very little timber available to fuel a kiln, mudbricks continued to be in use. Mudbricks remain the modern standard of vernacular architecture in some warmer regions, mainly in parts of Africa and western Asia. In the 20th century, the compressed earth block was developed using high pressure as a cheap and eco-friendly alternative to obtain non-fired bricks with more strength than the simpler air-dried mudbricks.

Great Mosque of Djenné
The Great Mosque of Djenné in the Sudano-Sahelian architectural style is the largest adobe brick building in the world. The mosque is located in the city of Djenné, Mali, on the flood plain of the Bani River. The first mosque on the site was built around the 13th century, but the current structure dates from 1907. As well as being the centre of the community of Djenné, it is one of the most famous landmarks in Africa. Along with the "Old Towns of Djenné", it was designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1988.
Tingena maranta
Tingena maranta is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the lower South Island. Adults of this species are on the wing from October until January. This species prefers grass or low herb habitat. Unlike its close relatives it does not inhabit native forest.

Oecophoridae
Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.
Dennis Prager
Dennis Mark Prager (/ˈpreɪɡər/; born August 2, 1948) is an American conservative radio talk show host and writer. He is the host of the nationally syndicated radio talk show The Dennis Prager Show. In 2009, he co-founded PragerU, which creates content advocating capitalism and promoting conservative viewpoints on various political, economic and cultural topics.

His initial political work, starting in 1969, focused on the Refuseniks, Soviet Jews who were denied permission to emigrate. He gradually began offering more and broader commentary on politics.

In November 2024, Prager became paralyzed below the shoulders due to a fall.

Modern Orthodox Judaism
Modern Orthodox Judaism (also Modern Orthodox or Modern Orthodoxy) is a movement within Orthodox Judaism that attempts to synthesize Jewish values and the observance of Jewish law with the modern world.

Modern Orthodoxy draws on several teachings and philosophies, and thus assumes various forms. In the United States, and generally in the Western world, Centrist Orthodoxy underpinned by the philosophy of Torah Umadda ("Torah and secular knowledge") is prevalent. In Israel, Modern Orthodoxy is dominated by Religious Zionism; however, although not identical, these movements share many of the same values and many of the same adherents.
Kamenski Vučjak
Kamenski Vučjak is a village in Požega-Slavonia County, Croatia. The village is administered as a part of the Brestovac municipality.
According to national census of 2001, population of the village is 5. The village is connected by the D69 state road.

Brestovac, Croatia
Brestovac is a village and a municipality in eastern Croatia, located west of Požega.

In the 2011 census, there were 3,726 inhabitants in the municipality, 91% of which were Croats.
The villages and their corresponding populations were:
Ponta do Ouro-Kosi Bay Transfrontier Conservation Area
Ponta do Ouro-Kosi Bay Transfrontier Conservation Area (TFCA) is a larger conservation area conceived as an extension of the existing conservation parkland area of the iSimangaliso Wetland Park, to extend north into a similar area on the Mozambique side of the border, and including several other parks in the process. The parks to be included (in addition to one or two others) are:

ISimangaliso Wetland Park (South Africa).

Cape Vidal Game Reserve (South Africa).

Mkuze Game Reserve (South Africa).

Sodwana Game Reserve (South Africa).

Muputoland Marine Protected Area (South Africa).

Kosi Bay Nature Reserve (South Africa).

Maputo Protection Area (Mozambique).

UMkhuze Game Reserve
uMkhuze Game Reserve (also spelt Mkhuze or Mkuze) is a 400-square-kilometre (150 sq mi) game reserve in northern Zululand, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It was proclaimed a protected area on 15 February 1912.