hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crime preparation
Crime preparations are acts or actions performed by criminal offenders during any period of time before the actual crime is committed and range from mere intent to overt action.

In some jurisdictions, the very act of preparing for a crime is a criminal offense in itself, though it is generally viewed as being natural behavior for lawbreakers. The preparations that criminals take prior to their illegal actions are very often prosecuted as inchoate offenses, described in law as the crime of preparing for or seeking to commit another crime.  The most common examples of an inchoate offense are conspiracy and the possession of tools necessary to execute the crime or crimes. "Inchoate offense" has been defined as "Conduct deemed criminal without actual harm being done, provided that the harm that would have occurred is one the law tries to prevent."

Inchoate offense
An inchoate offense, preliminary crime, inchoate crime or incomplete crime is a crime of preparing for or seeking to commit another crime. The most common example of an inchoate offense is "attempt". "Inchoate offense" has been defined as the following: "Conduct deemed criminal without actual harm being done, provided that the harm that would have occurred is one the law tries to prevent."

In some cases, inchoate offenses are alternatively called attempted offenses, such as attempted robbery being the inchoate offense of robbery.
Santomean passport
The Santomean passport is issued to citizens of São Tomé and Príncipe for international travel. As of October 2024, Santomean citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 63 countries and territories, ranking the Santomean passport 78th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Burkinabé passport) according to the Henley Passport Index.

Burkinabe passport
Burkinabé passports are issued to Burkinabé citizens to travel outside Burkina Faso.

Following the country's withdrawal from ECOWAS with other members of the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), a new passport without the ECOWAS name or logo was released in September 2024, produced by Chinese biometrics company Emptech, along with an online application process. A new passport with the AES name and logo was introduced in February 2025, with president Ibrahim Traoré receiving the first booklet with the new design.
2021 A-League finals series
The 2021 A-League finals series was the 16th annual edition of the A-League finals series, the playoffs tournament staged to determine the champion of the 2020–21 A-League season. The series was played over three weeks culminating in the 2021 A-League Grand Final, where premiers Melbourne City won their first championship 3–1 against reigning champions Sydney FC.

The series dates were extended due to the COVID-19 restrictions in Victoria.

2020–21 A-League
The 2020–21 A-League was the 44th season of national level soccer in Australia, and the 16th since the establishment of the A-League in 2004. The season was started on 28 December 2020 and concluded with the Grand Final on 27 June 2021. The start of the season was later than previous seasons as a result of both the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia and New Zealand. Wellington Phoenix played the majority of their home matches at Wollongong Showground in Wollongong due to international travel restrictions.

Sydney FC were the defending champions and premiers, having won their record fifth and fourth titles respectively the previous season. Melbourne City won their first premiership and championship title, leaving Sydney FC in second on both.
Chichibu Railway 7500 series
The Chichibu Railway 7500 series (秩父鉄道7500系) is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type for Chichibu Main Line local services on the Chichibu Main Line operated by the private railway operator Chichibu Railway in Japan since March 2010.

Chichibu Railway
The Chichibu Railway Company, Ltd. (秩父鉄道株式会社, Chichibu Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a small-sector private railway company operating a railway line in northern Saitama Prefecture, Japan. In addition to its railway operations, the company deals in the real estate and tourism industries. It managed the Mitsumine Ropeway (三峰ロープウェイ) until it closed in December 2007 and the Mikajiri Line until its closure in 2020.
Taiheiyo Cement is its largest shareholder, and one of Chichibu Railway's main operations is the transportation of limestone from Mount Bukō. The railway's passenger services concentrate on the tourism industry, as there are popular destinations along the line. A train hauled by a steam locomotive also operates regularly during some seasons, attracting tourists from around the country.
White ethnic
White ethnic is a term used to refer to white Americans who are not Old Stock or white Anglo-Saxon Protestant. They consist of a number of distinct groups and make up approximately 69.4% of the white population in the United States. The term usually refers to the descendants of immigrants from Southern, Central and Eastern Europe, Ireland, the Caucasus and France/Francophone Canada. Italian Americans, Polish Americans, Russian Americans, Czech Americans and Slovak Americans, Hungarian Americans and Austrian Americans are considered white ethnic.

Old Stock Americans
Old Stock American (also known as Colonial Stock, Founding Stock, or Pioneer Stock) is a colloquial name for Americans who are descended from the original settlers of the Thirteen Colonies. Historically, Old Stock Americans have been mainly Protestants from Northwestern Europe whose ancestors emigrated to British America in the 17th and 18th centuries.

In the statistical terminology of the U.S. Census Bureau, Americans from the third-, fourth-, and fifth-generations are labelled "Old Stock" unless they are Afro-Americans, Asian Americans, or American Indians.
1983 Davis Cup
The 1983 Davis Cup (also known as the 1983 Davis Cup by NEC for sponsorship purposes) was the 72nd edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 60 teams would enter the competition, 16 in the World Group, 25 in the Europe Zone, 10 in the Eastern Zone, and 9 in the Americas Zone.

Australia defeated Sweden in the final, held at the Kooyong Stadium in Melbourne, Australia, on 26–28 December, to win their 25th title overall.

1984 Davis Cup
The 1984 Davis Cup (also known as the 1984 Davis Cup by NEC for sponsorship purposes) was the 73rd edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 62 teams would enter the competition, 16 in the World Group, 25 in the Europe Zone, 12 in the Eastern Zone, and 9 in the Americas Zone. Singapore and Senegal made their first appearances in the tournament.

Sweden defeated the United States in the final, held at the Scandinavium in Gothenburg, Sweden, on 16–18 December, to win their 2nd Davis Cup title.
Glenn Hysén
Glenn Ingvar Hysén (pronounced [hʏˈseːn]; born 30 October 1959) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a defender. Starting off his career with IFK Göteborg in 1978, he went on represent PSV Eindhoven, Fiorentina, and Liverpool before retiring at GAIS in 1994. A full international between 1981 and 1990, he won 68 caps for the Sweden national team and represented his country at the 1990 FIFA World Cup. He was awarded Guldbollen as Sweden's best footballer of the year in both 1983 and 1988.

1986–87 UEFA Cup
The 1986–87 UEFA Cup was the 16th season of the UEFA Cup, the third-tier club football competition organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA). The final was played over two legs at the Ullevi, Gothenburg, Sweden, and at Tannadice Park, Dundee, Scotland. The competition was won by IFK Göteborg of Sweden, who defeated Dundee United of Scotland by an aggregate result of 2–1 to claim their second title.

This is the second and last European tournament won by a Swedish team, five years after Göteborg's first UEFA Cup conquest in 1982, as well as the last European final played by a Swedish team, while Dundee United became the last team from Scotland to reach a European final until 2003. This was the second season in which all English clubs were banned from European football competitions.
1977 Rugby League World Cup final
The 1977 Rugby League World Cup final was the conclusive game of the 1977 Rugby League World Cup tournament and was played between Australia and Great Britain on 25 June 1977 at the Sydney Cricket Ground in Australia.

1977 Rugby League World Cup
The 1977 Rugby League World Cup was the eighth World Cup held for men’s national rugby league teams and hosted in Australia and New Zealand and ran between 29 May and 25 June. Australia were Champions after beating Great Britain in the Final at the Sydney Cricket Ground.
Miles Electric Vehicles
Miles Electric Vehicles was a manufacturer and distributor of all-electric vehicles manufactured by FAW Tianjin in China that met international car safety standards. Miles was given the "Electric Car Company of 2007" award by Good Clean Tech. The company filed for bankruptcy on June 11, 2013.

United States Department of Transportation
The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT or DOT) is one of the executive departments of the U.S. federal government. It is headed by the secretary of transportation, who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

The department's fiscal year 2022–2026 strategic plan states that its mission is "to deliver the world's leading transportation system, serving the American people and economy through the safe, efficient, sustainable, and equitable movement of people and goods."
Rob Hoeke
Rob Hoeke (9 January 1939 – 6 November 1999) was a Dutch singer, pianist, composer and songwriter most famous for his renditions in the field of Boogie-woogie releasing over 20 albums. Besides that he played and recorded in a musical variety of styles ranging from Blues, Soul, Rock and Rhythm & Blues.

Alan Price
Alan Price (born 19 April 1942) is an English musician who first found prominence as the original keyboardist of the English rock band the Animals. He left the band in 1965 to form the Alan Price Set; his hit singles with and without the group include "Simon Smith and the Amazing Dancing Bear", "The House That Jack Built", "Rosetta" (with Georgie Fame) and  "Jarrow Song". Price is also known for work in film and television, taking occasional acting roles and composing the soundtrack of Lindsay Anderson's film O Lucky Man! (1973). He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 as a member of the Animals.
Mountain thrush
The mountain thrush (Turdus plebejus) is species of bird in the family Turdidae, the thrushes and allies. It is found from Mexico to Panama. It was formerly known as the mountain robin and has also been called the American mountain thrush.

Thrush (bird)
The thrushes are a passerine bird family, Turdidae, with a worldwide distribution. The family was once much larger before biologists reclassified the former subfamily Saxicolinae, which includes the chats and European robins, as Old World flycatchers. Thrushes are small to medium-sized ground living birds that feed on insects, other invertebrates, and fruit. Some unrelated species around the world have been named after thrushes due to their similarity to birds in this family.
Wang Yaoqing (Peking opera)
Wang Yaoqing (28 December 1881 – 3 June 1954) was a Chinese actor and singer noted for playing the role of a virtuous adult woman, or qingyi, the most important role in Peking opera. He was from Qingjiangpu District, Huai'an in eastern Jiangsu Province.

Wang was noted for his skills as a long-sleeved dancer, for sword dancing, and for his portrayal of a stylish Manchu lady. He was president of the National Academy of Chinese Theater Arts from 1951 to 1954. He taught many other actors, including Mei Lanfang, Cheng Yanqiu, Shang Xiaoyun, and Xun Huisheng, the four greatest male dan role of the 20th century.

Shang Xiaoyun
Shang Xiaoyun (simplified Chinese: 尚小云; traditional Chinese: 尚小雲; pinyin: Shàng Xiǎoyún; 1900 – April 19, 1976) was one of the four great twentieth-century performers of the Dan role type in Peking opera with Mei Lanfang, Cheng Yanqiu, and Xun Huisheng. All four were male actors who specialized in impersonating women.

In addition to his singing, Shang was known for his dance and acrobatic skills. He was the founder of the Rong Chun Opera School.
School of Cities
The School of Cities is a research centre dedicated to urban study and education at the University of Toronto. The centre is an extra-departmental unit (EDU) composed of faculty from the university's three campuses and visiting professors from other institutions, with the goal of consolidating urban-focused academics from various divisions, such as Engineering, Architecture, and Public Health.

The centre is directed by Karen Chapple, a professor of urban planning in the Department of Geography and Planning who also holds the Carmel P. Friesen Chair in Urban Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. It is based in the Myhal Centre for Engineering Innovation and Entrepreneurship on the St. George campus in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design
The John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design (commonly shortened to Daniels) is an academic division of the University of Toronto (U of T) based on its St. George campus that focuses on architecture, forestry, urban design, and art. Founded in 1890, the faculty was the first school in Canada to offer an architecture program, and one of the first to offer a landscape architecture program in 1965. Originally established as the Department of Architecture, the faculty changed its name in 2008 to its present name in honour of benefactors John and Myrna Daniels.

The faculty offers undergraduate degrees, as well as advanced degrees at the master's and doctoral levels. It offers graduate programs on both the St. George and Scarborough campuses. As of May 2025, the faculty is overseen by dean Juan Du, with various directors for each of the faculty's programs at the bachelor's, master's, and Ph.D. levels, respectively.
Uragan-2M
Uragan-2M (U-2M, Ukrainian: Ураган-2М) is a stellarator (magnetic plasma confinement, controlled thermonuclear fusion experiment) installed at the Institute of Plasma Physics National Science Center, which is part of the Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (IFS KIPT) in Kharkiv, Ukraine. It was the largest stellarator (torsatron) in Europe until the construction of Wendelstein 7-X.

Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology
The National Science Center Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (KIPT) (Ukrainian: Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут»), formerly the Ukrainian Physics and Technology Institute (UPTI) is the oldest and largest physical science research centre in Ukraine. Today it is known as a science center as it consists of several institutes that are part of the Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology science complex.
Antanava, Gudžiūnai
Antanava (formerly Russian: Антоново, Polish: Antonowo) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 27 people. It is located by the Kruostas river origins and Mamėnas rivulet.

Kruostas
The Kruostas is a river of  Kėdainiai district municipality, Kaunas County, central Lithuania. It flows for 28.9 kilometres (18.0 mi) and has a basin area of 99.7 km2 (38.5 sq mi). It originates near Alksnėnai village and goes through agriculture fields passing the villages of Žilvičiai, Šlapaberžė, Beržai and Daškoniai. The lower course goes through a deep valley beside Vaidatoniai hillfort. This area is Kruostas botanic sanctuary. The river meets the Nevėžis from the right side near Urbeliai village. Vaidatoniai pond is on the Kruostas river.

The name Kruostas derives from Lithuanian word kruostas or skruostas ('cheek, eyelash, eyebrow'), further from skrosti, skersti ('to slice, to butcher').
Bencorr
Bencorr (Irish: Binn Chorr, meaning 'pointed peak') at 711 metres (2,333 ft), is the 82nd–highest peak in Ireland on the Arderin scale, and the 102nd–highest peak on the Vandeleur-Lynam scale. Bencorr is situated near the centre of the core massif of the Twelve Bens mountain range in the Connemara National Park in County Galway, Ireland. It is the second-tallest mountain of the Twelve Bens range, after Benbaun 729 metres (2,392 ft); it lies close to Benbaun, separated only by the third-highest mountain in the range of Bencollaghduff 696 metres (2,283 ft), and the col of Maumina.

Connemara National Park
Connemara National Park (Irish: Páirc Naisiúnta Chonamara) is one of eight national parks in Ireland, managed by the National Parks and Wildlife Service. It is located in the northwest of Connemara in County Galway, on the west coast.
Leucoinocybe
Leucoinocybe is a  fungal genus in the family Tricholomataceae. This genus is known to contain 3 species: Leucoinocybe lenta and Leucoinocybe taniae, found in Europe, and Leucoinocybe sulcata found in India.

Tricholomataceae
The Tricholomataceae are a large family of fungi within the order Agaricales. Originally a classic "wastebasket taxon", the family included any white-, yellow-, or pink-spored genera in the Agaricales not already classified as belonging to e.g. the Amanitaceae, Lepiotaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Pluteaceae, or Entolomataceae.

The name derives from the Greek trichos (τριχος) meaning hair and loma (λωμα) meaning fringe or border, although not all members display this feature.

The name "Tricholomataceae" is seen as having validity in describing Tricholoma and other genera that form part of a monophyletic family including Tricholoma. To that end, the International Botanical Congress has voted on two occasions (1988 and 2006) to conserve the name "Tricholomataceae" against competing names. This decision does not invalidate the use of segregate families from the Tricholomataceae, but simply validates the continued use of Tricholomataceae.
Princess Aisha bint Hussein
Princess Aisha bint Al Hussein (Arabic: الأميرة عائشة بنت الحسين) (born 23 April 1968) is the sister of King Abdullah II of Jordan and is the twin sister of Princess Zein. Her parents are King Hussein and Princess Muna.

Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (RMAS or RMA Sandhurst), commonly known simply as Sandhurst, is one of several military academies of the United Kingdom and is the British Army's initial officer training centre. It is located in the town of Sandhurst, Berkshire, though its ceremonial entrance is in Camberley, Surrey, southwest of London. All British Army officers (including late-entry officers who were previously Warrant Officers) are trained at the academy, alongside other men and women from overseas. The academy also commands the University Officers' Training Corps (UOTC), which along with the General Staff Centre (GSC) and the Centre for Army Leadership (CAL) are collectively part of the formation known as Sandhurst Group (RMAS Group) part of Home Command.

Sandhurst is the British Army equivalent of the Britannia Royal Naval College and of the Royal Air Force College Cranwell.
Egypt–Jordan relations
Egypt–Jordan relations refers to the bilateral relations between the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the Arab Republic of Egypt. Egypt has an embassy in Amman, while Jordan has an embassy in Cairo.

Since independence, the two nations have maintained good relations.  Both countries are members of the Arab League, GAFTA, the World Trade Organization, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Council of Arab Economic Unity and the United Nations. The relationship has been quite stable with some uncertainties occurring in the 1960s and 1970s. There is a sizeable Egyptian population living in Jordan of 636,000 which is one of the largest host of the Egyptian diaspora. There are approximately 12,000 Jordanians living in Egypt.

Egypt–Israel peace treaty
The Egypt–Israel peace treaty was signed in Washington, D.C., United States, on 26 March 1979, following the 1978 Camp David Accords. The Egypt–Israel treaty was signed by Anwar Sadat, President of Egypt, and Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel, and witnessed by Jimmy Carter, President of the United States.
Planed Plant
Planed Plant ("Children's Planet") was a strand of Welsh-language television programming for children broadcast by S4C. It first aired in September 1998. Back then, it had previous names and services, like Y Clwb S4C (1982–1990, when the channel itself was first launched), Slot Meithrin (1990–1998), Slot 23 (1990–1994), and 5 Pump (1994–1998).

Sabrina's Secret Life
Sabrina's Secret Life (French: Le Secret de Sabrina) is a 2003 animated television series based on the Archie Comics character Sabrina, the Teenage Witch co-produced by DIC Entertainment Corporation and Les Studios Tex SARL. It originally aired in syndication on the DIC Kids Network block in 2003 as a sequel series to Sabrina: The Animated Series (and Sabrina: Friends Forever). This was the final series to be produced by Les Studios Tex, as they ceased operations around the time the show ended.
Chana masala
Chana masala (also chole masala or chholay) is a chickpea curry cooked in a tomato-based sauce, originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is a staple dish in Indian (particularly North Indian) and Pakistani cuisine. It is often eaten with bread, including deep-fried bhatura (where the combination is called chole bhature), puri, or flatbreads such as kulcha.

North Indian cuisine
North Indian cuisine is collectively the cuisine of North India, which includes the cuisines of Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Delhi, and Uttar Pradesh.

Sub-types of North Indian cuisine include:

Awadhi cuisine

Bhojpuri cuisine

Cuisine of Bihar

Braj cuisine

Chhattisgarhi cuisine

Dogri cuisine

Haryanvi cuisine

Kashmiri cuisine

Kumaoni cuisine

Malvani cuisine

Mughlai cuisine

Punjabi cuisine

Rajasthani cuisine

Saraswat cuisine

Sindhi cuisine

Cuisine of Uttarakhand

Cuisine of Uttar Pradesh

North Indian cuisine has some Central Asian influences introduced during Mughal Empire as compared to its southern or eastern counterparts in the subcontinent.
Jean-Pierre Ploué
Jean-Pierre Ploué is a French car designer, known for his work for Renault, Volkswagen, Ford and notably Citroën, where he is attributed with reinvigorating the brand's reputation for innovative styling.  He is currently Chief Designer with Stellantis — which includes the Abarth, Alfa Romeo, Citroen, DS, Fiat Europe, Lancia, Opel, Peugeot, and Vauxhall brands.

During his tenure with Renault, one of Ploué's initial sketches was chosen for development by Patrick le Quément as the 1994 Renault Argos. The concept was noticed by Freeman Thomas at the 1994 Geneva Motor Show, and Thomas later cited the Argos as the inspiration for his initial Audi TT sketches.

In 2008, a panel of 40 automotive journalists with Journal de l’Automobile, France's largest automotive magazine, named Ploué Man of the Year (Homme de l'Année).

Renault Twingo
The Renault Twingo is a city car made by the French company Renault from 1992 to 2024 across three generations. The name is a portmanteau of twist, swing, and tango.

The first-generation Twingo (two door, front engine) debuted at the Paris Motor Show on 5 October 1992, receiving its formal market launch in continental European markets beginning in April 1993. Renault launched the second-generation Twingo (two door, front engine) in the summer of 2007 – and the third-generation Twingo (four doors, rear engine) debuted at the 2014 Geneva Motor Show, receiving its formal market launch in September 2014. Production of the Twingo ended in the summer of 2024, to be replaced by the all-electric Renault Twingo E-Tech.