hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Methodist Hospital (Philadelphia)
Methodist Hospital is a hospital in the Lower Moyamensing neighborhood of South Philadelphia, affiliated with Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience and Thomas Jefferson University. Incorporated in 1881 and opened in 1892, Methodist serves patients in Philadelphia and the surrounding communities.

Thomas Jefferson University
Thomas Jefferson University is a private research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Established in its earliest form in 1824, the university officially combined with Philadelphia University in 2017. The university is named for U.S. Founding Father and president Thomas Jefferson. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

To signify its heritage, the university sometimes carries the nomenclature Jefferson (Philadelphia University + Thomas Jefferson University) in its branding.
Mabel Josephine Mackerras
Mabel Josephine (Jo) Mackerras (née Bancroft) (7 August 1896 –  8 October 1971) was an Australian zoologist, entomologist and parasitologist. Her research and life's work contributed to entomology, veterinary medicine and medical science. Throughout her life she held a wide range of positions and duties that included Army medical officer, entomologist, medical scientist, and parasitologist. Mackerras was a major during WWII and served in the Army Malaria Research Unit. In an application for King's Birthday Honours her work earned the citation,: "few women can have made a greater contribution to the Allied war effort".

Biological economics
Biological economics is an interdisciplinary field in which the interaction of human biology and economics is studied. The journal Economics and Human Biology covers the field and has an impact factor of 2.722.
Transport in Delhi
Delhi has significant reliance on its transport infrastructure.  The city has developed a highly efficient public transport system with the introduction of the Delhi Metro, which is undergoing a rapid modernization and expansion since 2006. There are 16.6 million registered vehicles in the city as of 30 June 2014, which is the highest in the world among all cities, most of which do not follow any pollution emission norm (within municipal limits), while the Delhi metropolitan region  (NCR Delhi) has 11.2 million vehicles. Delhi and NCR lose nearly 42 crore (420 million) man-hours every month while commuting between home and office through public transport, due to the traffic congestion. Therefore, serious efforts, including a number of transport infrastructure projects, are under way to encourage usage of public transport in the city.

Red Line (Delhi Metro)
The Red Line (Line 1) is a rapid transit metro line of the Delhi Metro in Delhi, India. It is mostly an elevated line and has 29 stations that runs from Rithala to Shaheed Sthal with a total distance of 34.55 km (21.47 mi). The Tis Hazari – Shahdara section of this line was the first stretch of the Delhi Metro that was constructed and commissioned. The line connects the areas of Ghaziabad in Uttar Pradesh and the districts of Shahdara, Central Delhi and North West Delhi in Delhi.

The Red Line has interchanges with the Yellow Line and Violet line at Kashmere Gate, the Pink Line at Welcome and Netaji Subhash Place, and the Green Line at Inderlok. It is the third most heavily used line of the Delhi Metro network as it acts as a link for those in West Delhi and North West Delhi traveling towards Central Delhi, Shahdara, East Delhi, and Ghaziabad, and vice versa.
Sičioniai
Sičioniai (formerly Russian: Сычаны) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 27 people. It is located 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from Labūnava, on the shore of the Labūnava Reservoir, nearby the Labūnava Forest. There is a cemetery.

Labūnava Forest
The Labūnava Forest (Lithuanian: Labūnavos miškai) is a forest in Kėdainiai District Municipality, central Lithuania, located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south east from Labūnava. It covers an area of 1,420 hectares (3,500 acres). It consists of smaller forests: the Labūnava Forest (proper), the Kruopiai Forest, the Servydgalis Forest. Most of the forest belongs to the Barupė basin.

As of the 1980s, 31% of the area was covered by birch, 30% by spruce, 13% by aspen, 15% by ash, 11% by oak, black alder and white alder tree groups. The fauna of the forest consists of wild boar, roe deer, red deer, moose, red fox, hare, also there are black storks, cranes, black kites, perns, white-backed woodpeckers, middle spotted woodpeckers, lesser spotted eagles. The forest is a part of the Labūnava Biosphere Polygon.
Geneva Country Day School
Geneva Country Day School, also known as the Geneva Memorial Community Center, is an historic building in Geneva, Illinois. The school originated in the barn of Mr. and Mrs. William D. Bangs after they decided to tutor their sick son and his friends. Eventually this school, which they called the Adventure School, outgrew the barn and a new building was required. The Bangs family contracted Holabird & Roche to develop the building, and the new school opened in 1927. It served the community as a progressive school for 12 years, until it was forced to close due to low enrollment during the Great Depression. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Geneva, Illinois
Geneva is a city in and the county seat of Kane County, Illinois, United States. It is located in the far western side of the Chicago suburbs. Per the 2020 census, the population was 21,393.

Geneva is part of a tri-city area, located between St. Charles and Batavia. The area experienced rapid population growth from the late 1980s through the mid-2000s as the Chicago suburbs spread to the west.

Geneva is located along the Fox River. Portions of the Fox River Trail and the Illinois Prairie Path pass through Geneva. The Fabyan Windmill, a Dutch windmill dating from the 1850s, is located here.
Daiju Wakamatsu
Daiki Wakamatsu better known by his ring name Daiju Wakamatsu (若松大樹, Wakamatsu Daiju) is a Japanese professional wrestler signed to Active Advance Pro Wrestling (2AW) where he is the current 2AW Openweight Champion in his first reign. He is also known for his tenures with Big Japan Pro Wrestling (BJW) and Pro Wrestling Freedoms.

2AW Tag Team Championship
The 2AW Tag Team Championship is a professional wrestling tag team championship created and promoted by the Japanese promotion Active Advance Pro Wrestling. There have been a total of seventeen reigns shared between fifteen different teams consisting of twenty distinctive champions. The current title holders are Makoto Oishi and Shiori Asahi who are in their first reign as a team.
Mongolian studies
Mongolian studies or Mongolistics is an interdisciplinary field of scholarly inquiry concerning Mongolian language, Mongolian history, and Mongolian culture. Scholars who work in the field of Mongolian studies are often referred to as Mongolists.

Mongolic languages
The Mongolic languages are a language family spoken by the Mongolic peoples in North Asia, East Asia, Central Asia, and Eastern Europe mostly in Mongolia and surrounding areas and in Kalmykia and Buryatia. The best-known member of this language family, Mongolian, is the primary language of most of the residents of Mongolia and the Mongol residents of Inner Mongolia, with an estimated 5.7+ million speakers.
Serre's inequality on height
In algebra, specifically in the theory of commutative rings, Serre's inequality on height states: given a (Noetherian) regular ring A and a pair of prime ideals  in it, for each prime ideal  that is a minimal prime ideal over the sum , the following inequality on heights holds:

Without the assumption on regularity, the inequality can fail; see scheme-theoretic intersection#Proper intersection.

Minimal prime ideal
In mathematics, especially in commutative algebra, certain prime ideals called minimal prime ideals play an important role in understanding rings and modules.  The notion of height and Krull's principal ideal theorem use minimal prime ideals.
Carry (arithmetic)
In elementary arithmetic, a carry is a digit that is transferred from one column of digits to another column of more significant digits. It is part of the standard algorithm to add numbers together by starting with the rightmost digits and working to the left. For example, when 6 and 7 are added to make 13, the "3" is written to the same column and the "1" is carried to the left. When used in subtraction the operation is called a borrow.

Carrying is emphasized in traditional mathematics, while curricula based on reform mathematics do not emphasize any specific method to find a correct answer.

Carrying makes a few appearances in higher mathematics as well. In computing, carrying is an important function of adder circuits.

Elementary arithmetic
Elementary arithmetic is a branch of mathematics involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Due to its low level of abstraction, broad range of application, and position as the foundation of all mathematics, elementary arithmetic is generally the first branch of mathematics taught in schools.
Amparo Serrano Iglesias
Amparo Serrano Iglesias (born ?) is a Spanish Aranese politician who served as the second Síndic d'Aran, the head of government of the autonomous Val d'Aran, from July 1993 until June 1995. She was also the second woman to hold the office of Síndic d'Aran after her predecessor, Maria Pilar Busquets.

Síndic d'Aran
The Síndic d'Aran (Occitan for 'Aran Syndic') is the head of government of the Val d'Aran, an autonomously governed region within the Province of Lleida of Catalonia, Spain. The Síndic leads the thirteen-member Conselh Generau d'Aran, the governing body of the region. The office of Síndic d'Aran and the larger autonomous government were created in June 1991.

The Síndic d'Aran is elected by the members of the Conselh Generau d'Aran. To be elected as Síndic, a candidate must win either an absolute majority in the first vote or a simple majority in the second round. Successful candidates serve a four-year term in office.
Skokie Lagoons
Skokie Lagoons is a nature preserve in Glencoe and Winnetka, Illinois, owned and managed by the Forest Preserve District of Cook County.  The park is bordered by Dundee Road to the north, Forestway Drive to the east, Willow Road to the south, and the Edens Expressway to the west.  Within the park, there are seven inter-connected lagoons totaling 190 acres (0.77 km2). Water flows southward from the Chicago Botanic Garden through the lagoons to the Skokie River. The overall water level in the lagoons is controlled by the main control dam at Willow Road.  Three low dams keep the water levels below the inner islands.  Recreational opportunities at Skokie Lagoons include biking, fishing, boating, and birding.

Chicago Botanic Garden
The Chicago Botanic Garden is a 385-acre (156 ha) botanical garden situated on nine islands in the northern Cook County Forest Preserves within the nominal geographical boundaries of Glencoe, Illinois. It features 27 display gardens and five natural habitats including Mary Mix McDonald Woods, Barbara Brown Nature Reserve, Dixon Prairie, the Skokie River Corridor, and the Lakes and Shorelines. The garden is open every day of the year. An admissions fee was first charged in 2022.

The Garden is owned by the Forest Preserve District of Cook County and managed by the Chicago Horticultural Society. It opened to the public in 1972, and is home to the Joseph Regenstein Jr. School which offers educational classes and certificate programs, and participates with the botany staff in research and conservation programs.

The Chicago Botanic Garden is accredited by the American Alliance of Museums and is a member of the American Public Gardens Association.
Minerva armoured car
The Minerva armoured car (Dutch: Minerva pantserwagen, French: Automitrailleuse Minerva) was a military armoured car expediently developed by Minerva civilian automobiles in Belgium at the start of the First World War.

Spencer C. Tucker
Spencer C. Tucker is an American historian who was a Fulbright scholar, retired university professor, and author of works on military history. He taught history at Texas Christian University for 30 years and held the John Biggs Chair of Military History at the Virginia Military Institute for six years.
Wandering set
In dynamical systems and ergodic theory, the concept of a wandering set formalizes a certain idea of movement and mixing. When a dynamical system has a wandering set of non-zero measure, then the system is a dissipative system. This is the opposite of a conservative system, to which the Poincaré recurrence theorem applies. Intuitively, the connection between wandering sets and dissipation is easily understood: if a portion of the phase space "wanders away" during normal time-evolution of the system, and is never visited again, then the system is dissipative.  The language of wandering sets can be used to give a precise, mathematical definition to the concept of a dissipative system.  The notion of wandering sets in phase space was introduced by Birkhoff in 1927.

Phase space
The phase space of a physical system is the set of all possible physical states of the system when described by a given parameterization. Each possible state corresponds uniquely to a point in the phase space. For mechanical systems, the phase space usually consists of all possible values of the position and momentum parameters. It is the direct product of direct space and reciprocal space. The concept of phase space was developed in the late 19th century by Ludwig Boltzmann, Henri Poincaré, and Josiah Willard Gibbs.
Ahmad Marzuk Shaary
Ahmad Marzuk bin Shaary (Jawi  أحمد مرزوق بن شاعري; born 7 December 1975) is a Malaysian politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Pengkalan Chepa since May 2018. He served as the Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister's Department in charge of Religious Affairs for the second term in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob and former Minister Idris Ahmad from August 2021 to the collapse of the BN administration in November 2022 and the first term in the Perikatan Nasional (PN) administration under former Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin and former Minister Zulkifli Mohamad Al-Bakri from March 2020 to the collapse of the PN administration in August 2021 as well as the MP for Bachok from May 2013 to May 2018.

Minister in the Prime Minister's Department
The Minister in the Prime Minister's Department (Malay: Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri; Jawi: منتري دجابتن ڤردان منتري‎) is a member of Cabinet of Malaysia who administers a portfolio through the Prime Minister's Department.
Type 38 rifle
The Type 38 rifle (三八式歩兵銃, sanhachi-shiki hoheijū) is a bolt-action service rifle that was used by the Empire of Japan predominantly during the Second Sino-Japanese War and Second World War. The design was adopted by the Imperial Japanese Army in 1905 (the 38th year of the Meiji period, hence "Type 38"). Due to a perceived lack of power in its 6.5×50mmSR Arisaka cartridge, it was partially replaced during the war with the 7.7 Type 99 rifle, but both rifles saw usage until the end of the war.

Koishikawa Arsenal
35°42′20″N 139°44′57″E﻿ / ﻿35.70556°N 139.74917°E﻿ / 35.70556; 139.74917

The Koishikawa Arsenal (小石川工廠, Koishikawa Kōshō), formally Imperial Japanese Army Tokyo Arsenal (日本帝国陸軍東京砲兵工廠, Nippon Teikoku Rikugun Tokyo Hōheikōshō) was an arsenal in the Koishikawa area of Tokyo, on the grounds of today's Tokyo Dome City and the Koishikawa Kōrakuen Garden. It was located on the site of the former residence of the lords of the Mito Domain.
1994 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania
The 1994 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania were held on November 8, 1994, to elect the twenty-one members of Pennsylvania's delegation to the United States House of Representatives. The elections coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. Primary elections were held May 10, 1994.

Pennsylvania State Senate
The Pennsylvania State Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Pennsylvania General Assembly, the Pennsylvania state legislature. Senators are elected for four-year terms, staggered every two years, such that half of the seats are contested at each election. Even- and odd-numbered district seats are contested in separate election years. The State Senate meets in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg, and has been meeting since 1791.

The president of the Senate is the lieutenant governor, who has no vote except to break a tie. The president pro tempore becomes the lieutenant governor in the event of the sitting lieutenant governor's removal, resignation or death. In this case the president pro tempore and lieutenant governor would be the same person.
Nepenthes of Borneo
Nepenthes of Borneo is a monograph by Charles Clarke on the tropical pitcher plants of Borneo. It was first published in 1997 by Natural History Publications (Borneo), and reprinted in 2006. Clarke describes it as "primarily an ecological monograph".

Nepenthes × sharifah-hapsahii
Nepenthes × sharifah-hapsahii (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz ʃɑːˈriːfə hɑːpˈsɑːiaɪ/) is a natural hybrid between N. gracilis and N. mirabilis. It has been recorded from Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Thailand, although it was originally described as a species (N. sharifah-hapsahii) endemic to Peninsular Malaysia, where it was said to grow at elevations below 1000 m.

The type material of N. × sharifah-hapsahii was collected by J. H. Adam on the grounds of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia campus on August 2, 2001. Both the holotype (JHA 8000) and isotype are deposited at the university's herbarium.  The taxon was named after the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Vice Chancellor, Professor Dato' Dr. Sharifah Hapsah Syed Hasan Shahabudin.

Nepenthes × ghazallyana (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz ɡəˌzɑːliːˈænə/, after Ghazally Ismail) is a heterotypic synonym of N. × sharifah-hapsahii.
Prostate saturation biopsy
Prostate saturation biopsy typically entails 40–80 core samples taken from the prostate under general anesthesia.
This technique is used on certain high-risk patients, typically with elevated prostate specific antigen levels, abnormal findings on previous biopsies, or abnormal rectal examinations.

Biopsy
A biopsy is a medical test commonly performed by a surgeon, an interventional radiologist, or an interventional cardiologist. The process involves the extraction of sample cells or tissues for examination to determine the presence or extent of a disease. The tissue is then fixed, dehydrated, embedded, sectioned, stained and mounted before it is generally examined under a microscope by a pathologist; it may also be analyzed chemically. When an entire lump or suspicious area is removed, the procedure is called an excisional biopsy. An incisional biopsy or core biopsy samples a portion of the abnormal tissue without attempting to remove the entire lesion or tumor. When a sample of tissue or fluid is removed with a needle in such a way that cells are removed without preserving the histological architecture of the tissue cells, the procedure is called a needle aspiration biopsy. Biopsies are most commonly performed for insight into possible cancerous or inflammatory conditions.
Coffee stamp
A coffee stamp is a postage stamp with designs related to coffee. The oldest is believed to have been issued in Ethiopia in 1894. It is estimated that more than 300 types have been issued so far. Many deal with the coffee tree as a plant. From harvesting, processing, and transportation operations to coffee cups and cafes, the objects and designs are diverse. Coffee stamps have become a subject of topical stamp collecting, where stamps are collected on a specific theme.

Topical stamp collecting
Topical or thematic stamp collecting is the collecting of postage stamps relating to a particular subject or concept. Topics can be almost anything, from stamps on stamps, birds, trains and poets on stamps, to famous physicians and scientists, along with historical people and events on stamps, which is often a standard theme for many stamp issuing countries.
Phleger Estate
The Phleger Estate is a park in San Mateo County, California, United States. The park is located outside the town of Woodside and adjacent to Huddart County Park.  The park was acquired in 1991 by the Peninsula Open Space Trust (POST) for $25 million and is now part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA).

Gordon Moore
Gordon Earle Moore (January 3, 1929 – March 24, 2023) was an American businessman, scientist, engineer, and the co-founder and emeritus chairman of Intel Corporation. He proposed Moore's law, which makes the observation that the number of transistors in an integrated circuit (IC) doubles about every two years.
XZ Tauri
XZ Tauri is a binary system approximately 460 light-years away in the constellation Taurus. The system consists of two T Tauri stars orbiting each other about 6 billion kilometers apart (roughly the same distance as Pluto is from the Sun).  The system made news in 2000 when a superflare was observed in the system.

A third star, component C, has been observed at a separation of 0.09″, but subsequent observations failed to find it.  The T Tauri star HL Tauri, 23″ away, is also sometimes listed as a companion.

The discovery by Pelageya Fedorovna Shajn, that XZ Tauri is a variable star, was announced in 1928.

T Tauri star
T Tauri stars (TTS) are a class of variable stars that are less than about ten million years old.  This class is named after the prototype, T Tauri, a young star in the Taurus star-forming region. They are found near molecular clouds and identified by their optical variability and strong chromospheric lines.  T Tauri stars are pre-main-sequence stars in the process of contracting to the main sequence along the Hayashi track, a luminosity–temperature relationship obeyed by infant stars of less than 3 solar masses (M☉) in the pre-main-sequence phase of stellar evolution. It ends when a star of 0.5 M☉ or larger develops a radiative zone, or when a smaller star commences nuclear fusion on the main sequence.
Arphugitonos
Arphugitonos is an angel mentioned in the Greek Apocalypse of Ezra whose name was revealed to Esdras as one of the nine angels who will govern "at the end of the world." The nine angels mentioned are: Michael, Gabriel, Uriel,  Raphael, Gabuthelon,  Aker, Arphugitonos, Beburos, and Zebuleon. Arphugitonos is not considered an archangel and is a non-canonical figure.

Raphael (archangel)
Raphael (UK: /ˈræfeɪəl/ RAF-ay-əl, US: /ˈræfiəl, ˈreɪf-/ RA(Y)F-ee-əl; "God has healed") is an archangel first mentioned in the Book of Tobit and in 1 Enoch, both estimated to date from between the 3rd and 2nd century BC. In later Jewish tradition, he became identified as one of the three heavenly visitors entertained by Abraham at the Oak of Mamre. He is not named in either the New Testament or the Quran, but later Christian tradition identified him with healing and as the angel who stirred waters in the Pool of Bethesda in John 5:2–4, and in Islam, where his name is Israfil, he is understood to be the unnamed angel of Quran 6:73, standing eternally with a trumpet to his lips, ready to announce the Day of Judgment. In Gnostic tradition, Raphael is represented on the Ophite Diagram. Raphael is an archangel of healing.