hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cormorant culling
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Cormorant culling is the intentional killing of cormorants by humans for the purposes of wildlife management. It has been practiced for centuries, with supporters of culling generally arising from the angling community. Culling techniques may involve the killing of birds, the destruction of eggs, or both. Historically, culls have occurred to protect the interests of recreational and commercial fishermen who perceive the animals to be competing with them for their intended catch or for the prey of their intended catch. Since the 1960s, the growing aquaculture industry has undertaken cormorant culls to protect its farmed fish and crustacean stocks. Opponents of cormorant culling include conservation groups such as the National Audubon Society, Cormorant Defenders International and Sea Shepherd.

Double-crested cormorant
The double-crested cormorant (Nannopterum auritum) is a member of the cormorant family of water birds. It is found near rivers and lakes and in coastal areas and is widely distributed across North America, from the Aleutian Islands in Alaska down to Florida and Mexico. Measuring 70–90 cm (28–35 in) in length, it is entirely black except for a bare patch of orange-yellow facial skin and some extra plumage that it exhibits in the breeding season when it grows a double crest in which black feathers are mingled with white. Five subspecies are recognized. It mainly eats fish and hunts by swimming and diving. Its feathers, like all cormorants, are not waterproof, and it must dry them out after spending time in the water. Once threatened by the use of DDT, the numbers of this bird have increased markedly in recent years.
Bengal Mumbai FC
Bengal Mumbai Football Club, known by its abbreviation BMFC, was an Indian professional football club based in Mumbai, Maharashtra. Founded in 1998, they have competed in the National Football League II, alongside the MDFA Elite League.

Bengal Mumbai is the second professionally founded football club in India and the first in Mumbai. The team was dissolved in 2011.

National Football League (India)
The National Football League (NFL) was the men's highest level of the Indian football league system from 1996 to 2007. Founded by the All India Football Federation (AIFF) in 1996, the NFL was the first football league in India to be organized on a national scale. The AIFF then added a second division in 1997 and a third division was soon added by the governing body in 2006. The NFL was eventually replaced by the I-League for the 2007–08 season in order to professionalize the sport in India.

As well as league competition, clubs in the NFL would also participate in the main domestic cup competition, the Federation Cup. The NFL champions would also participate in the Indian Super Cup against the Federation Cup champion. NFL players could also participate in the state-based Santosh Trophy competition.
Mohamed Deriche
Mohamed Deriche (Arabic: محمد دريش, Berber languages: ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴷⴻⵔⵉⵛⴻ), (born 1865 in Souk El-Had, Boumerdès Province, Kabylie, Algeria; died 1948 in Boudouaou, Algeria) was an Algerian Berber politician after the French conquest of Algeria.

Municipal council (France)
In France, a municipal council (French: conseil municipal, pronounced [kɔ̃sɛj mynisipal]) is an elected body of the commune responsible for "executing, in its deliberations, the business of the town" (translated).

The council must meet at least once a quarter, or at a request from at least one third of its members, but usually meets once a month. The council manages the smallest French territorial community with legal and financial autonomy, the commune.

Participation in the Municipal council vote as a candidate or as an elector is a privilege given only to European citizens. The British choice and decision to leave the European Union on 1 February 2020 had the consequence that  800 elected conseillers municipaux of British nationality were no longer eligible to be re-elected on 15 March 2020.
Philippine Ski and Snowboard Federation
The Philippine Ski and Snowboard Federation, Inc. (PSSF) is the governing body of snow skiing and snowboarding in the Philippines. The sporting body is based in Lakewood, California in the United States and is a member of the Fédération Internationale de Ski since 1971. It was known as the Philippine Ski Federation from 2005 to 2020.

The organization is a full member of the Philippine Olympic Committee since 2022.

The national sporting association oversees athletes participating in various competitive sports events, including cross-country skiing, alpine skiing, freestyle skiing, freeskiing (slopestyle and big air), snowboarding, and roller skiing.

It has backed the participation of athletes in the Winter Olympics.

Philippine Olympic Committee
The Philippine Olympic Committee Inc. (POC) is the National Olympic Committee of the Philippines.

The POC is a private, non-governmental organization composed of and serve as the mother organization of all National Sports Associations (NSAs) in the Philippines. It is recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as having the sole authority for representation of the Philippines in the Olympic Games, the Asian Games, the Southeast Asian Games and other multi-event competitions.

The POC is financially independent and does not receive any subsidy from government, though its member NSAs receive some financial assistance from the Philippine Sports Commission. Instead, the POC supports its own activities with funds generated from sponsorships, licensing fees on the use of the Olympic marks, IOC subsidy and proceeds from special projects and donations.
Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran
The Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran (SSRI) is the only national organization in charge of scientific research in the field of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. It was established in 1998 by Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. In 2011 to improve its structure the research center was promoted to research institute and moved to its new location in Tehran, Iran.

Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran

Sports science
Sports science is a discipline that studies how the healthy human body adapts during acute and long-term exercise, and how sports and physical activity promote health and performance from cellular to whole body perspectives. The study of sports science traditionally incorporates areas of physiology (exercise physiology), psychology (sport psychology), anatomy, biomechanics (sports biomechanics), biochemistry, and kinesiology.
Per Olof Sundman
Per Olof Sundman (4 September 1922, Vaxholm – 9 October 1992, Stockholm) was a Swedish writer and politician.

Sundman was born in Vaxholm. After World War II, Sundman joined the Centre Party and in 1969 he was elected to the Swedish Parliament, the Riksdag.

Per Olof Sundman released his first book in 1957 and soon became a successful writer, even internationally. His writing has been compared to that of Ernest Hemingway. In 1968, Sundman received the Nordic Council's Literature Prize for his 1967 novel Ingenjör Andrées luftfärd (The Flight of the Eagle) about the failed attempt of S.A. Andrée to reach the North Pole by a hydrogen balloon.

In 1975 Sundman was elected to the Swedish Academy, on seat 6.  Tomas Riad currently holds his seat.

His 1967 novel  The Flight of the Eagle was filmed and directed by Jan Troell, and released in 1982. The film starring Max von Sydow was in 1983 nominated for an Oscar for best foreign-language film of the year.

Tomas Riad
Tomas Staffan Riad (born 15 November 1959) is a Swedish linguist, specialised in Swedish phonology and prosody. He received his Ph.D. from Stockholm University in 1992 and is professor at the Department of Scandinavian languages there. Riad is also a violinist, trained at the Royal College of Music in London and has worked as a full-time musician.  He was elected a member of the Swedish Academy on 29 September 2011 (taking his seat on 20 December).
Pickled pigs' feet
Pickled pigs' feet is a type of pork associated with the cuisine of the Southern United States, Mexico, China, French Canada, and Scandinavia.

The feet of domestic pigs are typically salted and smoked in the same manner as other pork cuts, such as hams and bacon. It is common to preserve them in a manner very similar to home canning and processes for pickled vegetables; typically a saturation of hot vinegar brine is used. Such methods allow them to be preserved without the need for refrigeration until the jar is opened. They were once popular in American bars.

Ham
Ham is pork from a leg cut that has been preserved by wet or dry curing, with or without smoking. As a processed meat, the term ham includes both whole cuts of meat and ones that have been mechanically formed.

Ham is made around the world, including a number of regional specialties. In addition, numerous ham products have specific geographical naming protection.
Benjamin Mandel
Benjamin Mandel (October 2, 1891 – August 8, 1973) a.k.a. "Bert Miller" was a New York city school teacher and communist activist who later became an ex-communist director of research for the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) and the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee (SIS).

A. J. Muste
Abraham Johannes Muste (/ˈmʌsti/ MUS-tee; January 8, 1885 – February 11, 1967) was a Dutch-born American clergyman and political activist. He is best remembered for his work in the labor movement, the pacifist movement, the anti-war movement, and the civil rights movement in the United States.
2021 Armed Forces Bowl
The 2021 Armed Forces Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 22, 2021, with kickoff at 8:00 p.m. EST (7:00 p.m. local CST) on ESPN. It was the 19th edition of the Armed Forces Bowl, and was one of the 2021–22 bowl games concluding the 2021 FBS football season. The game was officially known as the Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl after its corporate sponsor Lockheed Martin.

2021–22 NCAA football bowl games
The 2021–22 NCAA football bowl games were a series of college football games scheduled to complete the 2021 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The main games concluded with the 2022 College Football Playoff National Championship played on January 10, 2022, while the all-star portion of the schedule concluded February 19, 2022.
Deportes Recoleta
Club Deportes Recoleta is an association football club of Chile of the commune of Recoleta, situated in the town of Santiago. It was the champion of the Tercera División B in 2015 and the champion of the Segunda Division of Chile in 2021 playing now in the Primera B, the second level of Chilean football.

Lautaro de Buín
Club Social y Deportivo Lautaro de Buin is a Chilean Football club, based in Buin, Chile. They currently play in the fourth level of Chilean football, the Tercera Division A.

The club were founded on January 23, 1923 and participated for 3 years in Segunda División Profesional, 14 years in Tercera División A and 11 years in Tercera División B.
1907 Latrobe Athletic Association season
The 1907 Latrobe Athletic Association season was their twelfth season in existence. The decrease in community interest and the change of the team from the professional ranks to a local amateur status in 1907 coincided with John Brallier's last year as a player. The team finished 5–3–2 or 5–2–2 in 1907.

John Brallier
John Kinport "Sal" Brallier (December 12, 1876 – September 17, 1960) was one of the first professional American football players. He was nationally acknowledged as the first openly paid professional football player when he was given $10 to play for the Latrobe Athletic Association for a game against the Jeanette Athletic Association in 1895.
Lyalya Chyornaya
Lyalya Chyornaya (Russian: Ляля Чёрная; 1909–1982) was a Soviet actress of theater and cinema, Honored Artist of the RSFSR, actress of the Romen Theatre, dancer, singer of gypsy songs and romances.

She was born in 1909 in Nalchik.

At the age of 13 she entered the professional stage for the first time as a dancer in Polyakova's choir, where she worked until the opening of the theater Romen. From the day of its foundation in 1931 until 1972, Lyalya Chyornaya worked at the theater Romen. She played more than 35 roles (including main roles) in theater productions, starred in the film The Last Campaign as Alta.

In many respects she influenced the formation of the variety manner of the dance.

Honored Artist of the RSFSR
Honored Artist of the RSFSR (Russian: Заслуженный артист РСФСР, Zasluzhenny artist RSFSR) was an honorary title granted to Soviet artists, including theatre and film directors, choreographers, music performers, and orchestra conductors, who had outstanding achievements in the arts, and who lived in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) from 1931 to 1991.
Public image of Sarah Palin
Sarah Palin, while serving as Governor of Alaska, was nominated as the first female candidate of the Republican Party for Vice President of the United States. Following the nomination, her public image came under close media scrutiny, particularly regarding her religious perspective on public life, her socially conservative views, and a perceived lack of experience. Palin's experience in foreign and domestic politics came under criticism among conservatives as well as liberals following her nomination. A poll taken by Rasmussen Reports just after the Republican National Convention in the first week of September 2008 found that Palin was more popular than either Barack Obama or John McCain; however, this perception later reversed. At the same time, Palin became more popular among Republicans than McCain. A February 2010 ABC News/Washington Post poll showed 71% of Americans felt Palin lacked the qualifications necessary to be President of the United States.

Earmark (politics)
An earmark is a provision inserted into a discretionary spending appropriations bill that directs funds to a specific recipient while circumventing the merit-based or competitive funds allocation process. Earmarks feature in United States Congress spending policy, and they are present in public finance of many other countries as a form of political particularism.
Outline of project management
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to project management:

Project management – discipline of planning, organizing, securing, managing, leading, and controlling resources to achieve specific goals. A project is a temporary endeavor with a defined beginning and end (usually time-constrained, and often constrained by funding or deliverables), undertaken to meet unique goals and objectives, typically to bring about beneficial change or added value. The temporary nature of projects stands in contrast with ongoing business operations.

Association for Project Management
The Association for Project Management is a British professional organisation for project and programme management. It received a Royal Charter in 2017, and is a registered charity. It has over 42,000 individual and more than 470 corporate members, and is the largest professional body of its kind in the United Kingdom. The head office is in Princes Risborough in Buckinghamshire.
Girandole
A girandole (/ˈdʒɪrəndəʊl/) is an ornamental branched candle holder consisting of several lights that may be on a stand or mounted on the wall, either by itself or attached to a mirror. Girandole has been used to refer to a number of different objects and designs; it originally referred to a form of firework, but was adopted in France in the mid-17th century as a term for a luxurious object for lighting.  The early girandoles were candelabras decorated with crystals looking like a chandelier on a stand, but it was also used at one time to describe all candelabras and chandeliers, with or without crystals.  In the 18-century, a girandole may be attached to a mirror, and large wall-mounted girandoles with a mirror incorporated became fashionable in England in the second half of the 18th century. A form of girandole backed with a round convex mirror was also popular in the United States in the early 19th century.

Candlestick
A candlestick (or candleholder) is a device used to hold a candle upright in place. Most candlesticks have a cup, a spike (called a "pricket"), or both to secure the candle.

Before the widespread adoption of electricity, candles were carried between rooms using a chamberstick—a short candlestick with a pan to catch dripping wax.

Although electric lighting has largely replaced candles in daily use, candlesticks and candelabras remain common as decorative objects or for creating ambience during special occasions such as dinners, religious ceremonies, and commemorations.
Wang Haoze
Wang Haoze (Chinese: 王浩泽; born March 1990), is a Chinese aerospace engineer and astronaut. She is China's third female astronaut to space, and first woman engineer, as one of the crew members of Shenzhou 19 mission.

She served as a senior engineer at the 11th Institute of Aerospace Propulsion Technology within the China Aerospace Science and Technology Group (CASTG) and was chosen as part of the third cohort of astronauts in September 2020. Currently, she holds the position of aerospace flight engineer in the People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps, classified as a fourth-class astronaut, with the rank of lieutenant colonel in the Army.

People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps
The People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps (PLAAC; Chinese: 中国人民解放军航天员大队), also known as the Chinese Astronaut Corps (Chinese: 中国航天员大队), is a Beijing-based deputy-corps grade People's Liberation Army Aerospace Force (PLAASF) and is responsible for the selection and training of the astronaut corps for Project 921, the Chinese manned space program.
Koda Kumi Live Tour 2006–2007 Second Session
Koda Kumi Live Tour 2006–2007 ~Second Session~ (stylized as Live Tour 2006–2007 ~SECOND SESSION~) is the third concert tour DVD by Japanese singer-songwriter Koda Kumi. It became her third concert DVD to chart at No. 1 on Oricon.

4 Hot Wave
4 Hot Wave (stylized as 4 hot wave) is the 32nd single by Japanese singer Koda Kumi, released through Rhythm Zone on July 26, 2006. The singles contains the quadruple A-side tracks "Ningyo-Hime", "I'll Be There", "Juicy", and "With Your Smile". All four songs were included on Kumi's fifth studio album Black Cherry, released in December 2006.

A commercial success, 4 Hot Wave charted at number two on the Oricon Singles Chart and stayed on the charts for seventeen weeks. The sales for the single became Koda’s highest selling single, even surpassing the total sales of "Real Emotion / 1000 no Kotoba" in less than three weeks. It became her highest debut single and reclaimed the title of highest debut sales female artists, previously held by Ayumi Hamasaki's "Blue Bird" (2006).
AK Plaza, Bundang
AK Plaza, Bundang, formerly Samsung Plaza (Korean: 삼성플라자), is a shopping mall located in Seohyeon-dong, Bundang, Seongnam, South Korea. The building is 98m or about 3 stories tall.

Samsung Corporation opened Samsung Plaza Store No. 1, a multi-functional shopping center. It is  equipped with facilities such as the lobby, playrooms and cafes, and facilities for the handicapped. Samsung Plaza consists of a department store, specialty stores and cultural, educational and entertainment facilities.

Samsung Plaza grew substantially. In 1997, the total sales revenue was 270 billion won. By 2004, it had doubled to 540 billion won. In 2005, Bundang Samsung Plaza ranked 6th in amount of sales in South Korea.

In February 2007, Samsung Corporation signed a contract with ARD Holdings, Inc. to sell Samsung Plaza Department Store.

The building was renamed to AK Plaza on March 2, 2009.

Seohyeon-dong
Seohyeon-dong refers to two of the 19 dongs of Bundang-gu, Seongnam, South Korea, Seohyeon-1-dong and Seohyeon-2-dong. The total area is 8.36 km², with a population of 52,950, 32,686 in Seohyeon-1-dong (7.57 km²)[](May 2014) and 20,264 in Seohyeon-2-dong (0.79 km²)[] (May 2014). To the south, there is Sunae-dong, to north there is Imae-dong, to west there are Baekhyeon-dong and Pangyo-dong, to east there are Bundang-dong and Gwangju city. It includes the busiest place in Bundang, AK Plaza. Ak plaza's clock tower is the most famous meeting place in Bundang.
Barkha (film)
Barkha (transl. Monsoon) is a 1959 Indian Hindi-language drama film directed by Krishnan–Panju and produced by A. V. Meiyappan. It is a remake of the Tamil film Thai Pirandhal Vazhi Pirakkum (1958). The film stars Jagdeep and Nanda. It was a commercial success.

M. Saravanan (producer)
Saravanan Surya Mani (1940 – 4 December 2025), also known as AVM Saravanan, was an Indian film producer of Tamil cinema. His production company is AVM Productions, which was founded in 1945 by his father, the famed director-producer A. V. Meiyappan, who is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of Tamil cinema.

Saravanan was involved in hits such as Naanum Oru Penn, Samsaram Adhu Minsaram, Sivaji: The Boss, Vettaikaran, Minsara Kanavu, Leader and Ayan. He was the father of M. S. Guhan, another producer of movies. Saravanan owned the AVM Studios in Chennai. As a producer he won two Filmfare Awards South. He also served as the Sheriff of Madras in 1986.

Saravanan died on 4 December 2025, at the age of 85. He had been suffering from health issues for a few years and was undergoing treatment intermittently.
Betts House (Cincinnati, Ohio)
The Betts House, built in 1804, is the oldest surviving building in Cincinnati, and the oldest brick home in Ohio. This survivor of Cincinnati's period of settlement offers exhibits and programs that focus on Cincinnati history, historic preservation, and the built environment. In addition to being a house museum, the Betts House is also the headquarters of The National Society of the Colonial Dames of America in the State of Ohio.

Queensgate, Cincinnati
Queensgate is one of the 52 neighborhoods of Cincinnati, Ohio. It sits in the valley of Downtown Cincinnati and is dominated by industrial and commercial warehouses. Cincinnati's nickname of "Porkopolis" started here with hog slaughtering in the early 19th century.
Togolok
38°07′N 62°00′E﻿ / ﻿38.12°N 62.00°E﻿ / 38.12; 62.00

Togolok is an archaeological site in the Murghab Delta, Turkmenistan, located about 10–15 km south of Gonur (or about 40 km north of Mary, Turkmenistan). Togolok 21 is theorized to be an Indo-Iranian temple and fortress dated to the first half of the 2nd millennium BC, belonging to the late phase of the Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC). Togolok 1 area has also been excavated. Since 2014, the Togolok 1 site has been excavated by the TAP - Togolok Archaeological Project, directed by Barbara Cerasetti (FU Berlin, ISMEO), in collaboration with the University of Bern.

According to the Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture (page 495), the Togolok temple contained rooms where traces of ephedra and hemp were found along with implements for the preparation of a hallucinogenic beverage (which may be connected to the Hindu drink soma and the Zoroastrian drink haoma).

Marghab River
The Marghab River (Dari/Pashto: مرغاب, Murghāb, Balochi: مرگاپ), anciently the Margiana (Ancient Greek: Μαργιανή, Margianḗ), is an 850-kilometre (530 mi) long river in Central Asia. It rises in the Paropamisus Mountains (Selseleh-ye Safīd Kūh) in Ghor Province, flows through the Marghab District in central Afghanistan, then runs northwest towards the Bala Murghab. Reaching the oasis of Mary in the Karakum Desert of Turkmenistan, the Marghab debouches into the Karakum Canal, a diversion of water from the Amu Darya. The catchment area of the Marghab is estimated at 46,880 square kilometres (18,100 sq mi).