hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Third Party Non-violent Intervention
Third Party Non-violent Intervention (sometimes called TPNI) refers to the practice of intervening from the outside in violent conflicts to reduce violence and allow "space" for conflict resolution. Two common forms of intervention are as an intermediary in a negotiating capacity or, physically, by interposing one's body between two factions.

TPNI work is sometimes categorized into four main areas:

Interpositioning

Observation and Documentation

Protective Accompaniment

Modeling nonviolent behavior in a conflict situation

Examples of groups that espouse this practice are Christian Peacemaker Teams, International Solidarity Movement, Muslim Peacemaker Teams, Meta Peace Team,  Peace Brigades International and Nonviolent Peaceforce.

Conflict resolution
Conflict resolution is conceptualized as the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of conflict and retribution. Committed group members attempt to resolve group conflicts by actively communicating information about their conflicting motives or ideologies to the rest of group (e.g., intentions; reasons for holding certain beliefs) and by engaging in collective negotiation. Dimensions of resolution typically parallel the dimensions of conflict in the way the conflict is processed. Cognitive resolution is the way disputants understand and view the conflict, with beliefs, perspectives, understandings and attitudes. Emotional resolution is in the way disputants feel about a conflict, the emotional energy. Behavioral resolution is reflective of how the disputants act, their behavior. Ultimately a wide range of methods and procedures for addressing conflict exist, including negotiation, mediation, mediation-arbitration, diplomacy, and creative peacebuilding.
Elevation (Lawson Rollins album)
Elevation is the third solo album by guitarist and composer Lawson Rollins. Rollins co-produced the album with Persian-American musician and producer Shahin Shahida (of Shahin & Sepehr) and multi-platinum producer Dominic Camardella (Flora Purim, 3rd Force, Ottmar Liebert). The cast of 20 different musicians includes the Grammy winning violinist Charlie Bisharat, avant-garde electric guitarist Buckethead, Nepali sarangi player Kirin Nepali, Iranian vocalist Parsa Hassandokht, Nepali flute player Rubin Kumar Shrestha, Iranian santourist Pejman Eckhtiari, and Nepali tabla player Raju Maharjan. Associate producer William Aura of 3rd Force recorded the Nepali musicians in Kathmandu, Nepal. The Iranian musicians were recorded in Iran by co-producer Shahin Shahida.

3rd Force
3rd Force is a smooth jazz band consisting of William Aura, Craig Dobbin, and Alain Eskinasi.

The band's eponymous first album was released in 1994. It was followed by others with "Force" in the title. "3rd Force is considerably more eclectic than most artists who fit into smooth jazz radio formats; in fact, their work often straddles the line between smooth jazz and dance-heavy, electronic-tinged acid jazz, sometimes incorporating ethnic influences as well."
SS Lavia
Lavia was a cruise ship that caught fire and sank in Hong Kong Harbour in 1989. She was built for Cunard White Star Line in 1947 as the cargo liner Media. In 1961 she was sold to Italy, rebuilt as an ocean liner and renamed Flavia. In 1969, she was refitted as a cruise ship and renamed Flavian. In 1982 she was sold to Panama and renamed Lavia. She was undergoing a refit when the fire occurred. The damage to her was so great that she was scrapped.

Cargo liner
A cargo liner, also known as a passenger-cargo ship or passenger-cargoman, is a type of merchant ship which carries general cargo and often passengers.

They became common just after the middle of the 19th century, and eventually gave way to container ships and other more specialized carriers in the latter half of the 20th century.
Random-sampling mechanism
A random-sampling mechanism (RSM) is a truthful mechanism that uses sampling in order to achieve approximately-optimal gain in prior-free mechanisms and prior-independent mechanisms.

Suppose we want to sell some items in an auction and achieve maximum profit. The crucial difficulty is that we do not know how much each buyer is willing to pay for an item. If we know, at least, that the valuations of the buyers are random variables with some known probability distribution, then we can use a Bayesian-optimal mechanism. But often we do not know the distribution. In this case, random-sampling mechanisms provide an alternative solution.

Single-parameter utility
In mechanism design, an agent is said to have single-parameter utility if his valuation of the possible outcomes can be represented by a single number. For example, in an auction for a single item, the utilities of all agents are single-parametric, since they can be represented by their monetary evaluation of the item. In contrast, in a combinatorial auction for two or more related items, the utilities are usually not single-parametric, since they are usually represented by their evaluations to all possible bundles of items.
John Ball (clergyman)
John Ball was an African-American Methodist preacher in Shelburne, Nova Scotia. John Ball is recorded in the Book of Negroes as one of the 3,000 African Americans who escaped to the British lines during the American Revolution.

Book of Negroes
The Book of Negroes is a document created by Brigadier General Samuel Birch, under the direction of Sir Guy Carleton, that records names and descriptions of 3,000 Black Loyalists, enslaved Africans who escaped to the British lines during the American Revolution and were evacuated to points in Nova Scotia as free people of colour.
Mara Rockliff
Mara Rockliff (born 1969 or 1970) is an American author of children's books specializing in works based on true stories. Her book Mesmerized: How Ben Franklin Solved a Mystery that Baffled All of France won an Orbis Pictus Honor from the National Council of Teachers of English. The American Library Association selected her book Sweet Justice: Georgia Gilmore and the Montgomery Bus Boycott for a Sibert Honor. She also received the Golden Kite Award for Me and Momma and Big John.

Ezra Jack Keats Book Award
The Ezra Jack Keats Book Award is an annual U.S. literary award.

At the Ezra Jack Keats Book Awards Ceremony every April, the Ezra Jack Keats Foundation presents the New Writer Award (since 1985) and New Illustrator Award (since 2001) to an author and an illustrator who are at an early stage of their career. An Honor Books category was added in 2012.

The nonprofit Ezra Jack Keats Foundation was established in 1964 in Brooklyn, New York by author and illustrator Ezra Jack Keats.

Until 2011, the Award was presented jointly with the New York Public Library. Since 2012, it is co-presented with the de Grummond Children’s Literature Collection at the University of Southern Mississippi, in Hattiesburg.

Award winners include Stian Hole, Garmann's Summer in 2009, Meg Medina, Tía Isa Wants a Car in 2012 and Don Tate, The Remarkable Story of George Moses Horton in 2016.
Rizal Technological University
Rizal Technological University (RTU) is a state university based in the National Capital Region of the Philippines, with its main campus in Mandaluyong City and a branch in Pasig City. It was established on July 11, 1969, as the College of Rizal, before it became autonomous in 1975. The state university is also the first educational institution in the country to use cooperative education as a curriculum plan which is recognized by various industries, businesses and agencies all over the country. The university has various different academic fields, and focuses primarily on architecture, engineering, and technology programs.

RTU is the first educational institutions in the Philippines to offer degrees in astronomy.

State Colleges and Universities Athletic Association
The State Colleges and Universities Athletic Association (SCUAA) is an association of 93 institutions, conferences, organizations, and individuals that organizes the athletic programs of different state colleges and universities in the Philippines. SCUAA is one of the inter-collegiate sports associations in the Philippines, the union of seven major state colleges and universities in Metro Manila.
Belgaum II Assembly constituency
Belgaum II Assembly constituency was one of the Vidhana Sabha seats in the state assembly of Mysore, in India. It was part of Belgaum Lok Sabha constituency, which is adjacent to Chikkodi Lok Sabha constituency.

Chikkodi Lok Sabha constituency
Chikkodi Lok Sabha constituency (Kannada: ಚಿಕ್ಕೋಡಿ ಲೋಕ ಸಭೆ ಚುನಾವಣಾ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರ) is one of the 28 Lok Sabha constituencies in Karnataka in southern India.
It's constituency number is 1 in the list of Lok Sabha constituencies of Karnataka.
Great Seimas of Vilnius
The Great Seimas of Vilnius (Lithuanian: Didysis Vilniaus Seimas), also known as the Great Assembly of Vilnius or the Great Diet of Vilnius, was a major assembly held on December 4 and 5, 1905, in Vilnius, Lithuania—then part of the Russian Empire. Largely inspired by the Russian Revolution of 1905, it was the first modern national congress in Lithuania and dealt primarily not with the social issues that sparked the revolution, but with national concerns. Over 2,000 participants took part in the Seimas. The assembly made the decision to demand wide political autonomy within the Russian Empire and achieve this by peaceful means. It is considered an important step towards the Act of Independence of Lithuania, adopted on February 16, 1918, by the Council of Lithuania, as the Seimas laid the groundwork for the establishment of an independent Lithuanian state.

Suwałki Governorate
Suwałki Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of Congress Poland of the Russian Empire, which had its seat in the city of Suwałki. It covered a territory of about 12,300 square kilometres (4,700 sq mi).
Varnupė
Varnupė ('crow-river', formerly Russian: Варнуписъ, Polish: Warnupka) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 11 people. It is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from Josvainiai, on the left bank of the Šušvė river. The Josvainiai Forest is located nearby.

Josvainiai
Josvainiai is a small town in Kėdainiai district, central Lithuania. It is located on the Šušvė River 10 km southwest from Kėdainiai. The town comprises the Catholic All Saints Church, a gymnasium, a post office, a public library, a stud farm, and a culture house.
Kuldip Singh Dhingra
Kuldip Singh Dhingra is an Indian entrepreneur and a co-owner of Berger Paints.

Dhingra has been listed as one of Forbes India's richest Indians and also in its The World's Billionaires list among the highest Indians by net worth.

Forbes India's richest Indian by year
Each year, Forbes India issues a list of India's richest people, called the "India Rich List". Since 2008, Mukesh Ambani  has been the richest Indian, with his wealth based in Reliance Industries. except for 2022 where Gautam Adani displaced him.
SFM Entertainment
SFM Entertainment, LLC is an American television syndicator, film distributor, production company, and licensing firm established on September 29, 1969, originally as a division of SFM Media Corporation.  SFM Entertainment is known for setting up 'occasional' networks.  The name comes from the initials of the company's founders:  Walter Staab, Robert Frank, and Stanley Moger.

The Danny Thomas Show
The Danny Thomas Show (titled Make Room for Daddy for its first three seasons) is an American sitcom that ran from 1953 to 1957 on ABC and from 1957 to 1964 on CBS. Starring Danny Thomas as a successful night club entertainer, the show focused on his relationship with his family, yet went through a number of significant changes in cast and characters during the course of its run. Episodes regularly featured music by Thomas, guest stars and occasionally other cast members as part of the plot.

In March 1953, Thomas first signed the contract for the show with ABC and chose Desilu Studios to film it using its three-camera method. Two proposed titles during pre-production were The Children's Hour and Here Comes Daddy.
Étale topology
In algebraic geometry, the étale topology is a Grothendieck topology on the category of schemes which has properties similar to the Euclidean topology, but unlike the Euclidean topology, it is also defined in positive characteristic.  The étale topology was originally introduced by Alexander Grothendieck to define étale cohomology, and this is still the étale topology's most well-known use.

Functor
In mathematics, specifically category theory, a functor is a mapping between categories.  Functors were first considered in algebraic topology, where algebraic objects (such as the fundamental group) are associated to topological spaces, and maps between these algebraic objects are associated to continuous maps between spaces.   Nowadays, functors are used throughout modern mathematics to relate various categories. Thus, functors are important in every area of mathematics where category theory is applied.

The words category and functor were borrowed by mathematicians from the philosophers Aristotle and Rudolf Carnap, respectively.  The latter used functor in a linguistic context;
see function word.
Fuma (wrestler)
Hiroo Tsumaki (妻木洋夫, Tsumaki Hiroo) better known by his ring name Fuma (sometimes stylized in capital letters as FUMA) is a Japanese professional wrestler currently signed to the Japanese promotion Pro-Wrestling Basara. He is also known for his tenure with DDT Pro-Wrestling and Big Japan Pro Wrestling.

Union Max Championship
The Union Max Championship (Japanese: ユニオンMAX王座, Hepburn: Yunion Makkusu Ōza) is a professional wrestling championship and the top singles accomplishment in the Japanese promotion Pro-Wrestling Basara. The title was established in 2013.
Ragunan (Transjakarta)
Ragunan is a Transjakarta bus rapid transit station located in Ragunan Bus Terminal, Ragunan, Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta. It is the southern terminus of Corridor 6, as well as the southernmost station on the BRT network. The station serves the Ragunan Zoo, Ragunan Bus Terminal, and their surrounding areas.

South Jakarta
South Jakarta (Indonesian: Jakarta Selatan; Betawi: Jakarté Bèludik) abbreviated as Jaksel, is one of the five administrative cities (kota administrasi) which form the Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia. South Jakarta is not self-governed and does not have a city council, hence it is not classified as a proper municipality. It had a population of 2,062,232 at the 2010 Census; the official estimate (for mid 2024) is 2,331,411 (comprising 1,163,740 males and 1,167,671 females), and it is the third most populous among the five administrative cities of Jakarta, after East Jakarta and West Jakarta. The administrative centre is at Kebayoran Baru.

South Jakarta is bounded by Central Jakarta to the north, East Jakarta to the east, Depok city to the south, West Jakarta to the northwest, and by Tangerang and South Tangerang cities to the west.
S. S. Mallikarjun
Shamanur Shivashankarappa Mallikarjun (Kannada:ಶಾಮನೂರು ಶಿವಶಂಕರಪ್ಪ ಮಲ್ಲಿಕಾರ್ಜುನ್), known professionally as S.S. Mallikarjun, is an Indian politician from Karnataka. He is currently serving as Minister of Mines & Geology and Horticulture in Government of Karnataka. He is a member of Karnataka Legislative Assembly representing Davangere North.

He is the Chairman of SS Institute of Medical Science and research center, Davangere. He lost to G. M. Siddeshwara in 2014 Lok Sabha elections. He also lost to S. A. Ravindranath in Karnataka State Assembly Elections-2018.

G. M. Siddeshwara
Gowdara Mallikarjunappa Siddeshwara (born 5 July 1952) is an Indian politician. He was a former member of the Lok Sabha, the lower House of the Indian Parliament, representing Davangere of Karnataka since 2004. Siddeshwara served as the Union Minister of State for Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises and prior to that, as Minister of State for Civil Aviation, till he resigned from the Ministry after a few days of cabinet reshuffle in July 2016.
1985 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1985 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 76th staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 27 January 1985. The championship began on 12 May 1985 and ended on 18 August 1985.

On 18 August 1985, Éire Óg won the championship following a 0-14 to 2-07 defeat of Blackrock in the final at Riverstown Sportsfield. This was their second championship title overall and their first title since 1979.

Pat Walsh was the championship's top scorer with 5-10.

1979 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1979 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 70th staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place at the Cork Convention on 4 February 1979. The championship began on 11 May 1979 and ended on 19 August 1979.

On 19 August 1979, Éire Óg won the championship following a 7–11 to 5–08 defeat of Mallow in the final at Páirc Uí Chaoimh. This was first ever championship title.
Codfish Falls
41°49′26.3″N 72°13′36.7″W﻿ / ﻿41.823972°N 72.226861°W﻿ / 41.823972; -72.226861

Codfish Falls is a series of close-knit plunges and cascades, ending in a fan, that is fed by Fishers Brook, in Storrs, Connecticut (a village in the town of Mansfield). It can be accessed by a trail from a road of the same name. The falls has carved out a steep-sided gorge, averaging twenty feet deep, which is in sharp contrast to the surrounding land. It feeds into the nearby Fenton River.

Storrs, Connecticut
Storrs (/stɔːrz/ storz) is a village and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Mansfield in eastern Tolland County, Connecticut, United States. The village is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was 15,979 at the 2020 census.

Storrs is dominated economically and demographically by the main campus of the University of Connecticut and the associated Connecticut Repertory Theatre.
Virabhadrasana
Virabhadrasana (Sanskrit: वीरभद्रासन; IAST: vīrabhadrāsana) or Warrior Pose is a group of related lunging standing asanas in modern yoga as exercise commemorating the exploits of a mythical warrior, Virabhadra. The name of the pose derives from the Hindu myth, but the pose is not recorded in the hatha yoga tradition until the 20th century. Virabhadrasana has some similarity with poses in the gymnastics of Niels Bukh the early 20th century; it has been suggested that it was adopted into yoga from the tradition of physical culture in India at that time, which was influenced by European gymnastics.

Virabhadrasana has been described as one of the most iconic poses in yoga.

B. K. S. Iyengar
Bellur Krishnamachar Sundararaja Iyengar (14 December 1918 – 20 August 2014) was an Indian teacher of yoga and author. He is the founder of the style of yoga as exercise called "Iyengar Yoga", and was considered one of the foremost yoga gurus in the world. He was the author of many books on yoga practice and philosophy including Light on Yoga, Light on Pranayama, Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, and Light on Life. Iyengar was one of the earliest students of Tirumalai Krishnamacharya, who is often called "the father of modern yoga". He has been credited with popularizing yoga, first in India and then around the world.

The Indian government awarded Iyengar the Padma Shri in 1991, the Padma Bhushan in 2002, and the Padma Vibhushan in 2014. In 2004, Iyengar was named one of the 100 most influential people in the world by Time magazine.
Škovec, Trebnje
Škovec (pronounced [ˈʃkɔːʋəts] or [ˈʃkoːʋəts]) is a small village in the Municipality of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. It lies just off the main road leading west out of Trebnje to Šentlovrenc. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Šentlovrenc
Šentlovrenc (pronounced [ʃɛnˈtloːu̯ɾɛnts] or [ʃənˈtloːu̯ɾɛnts]) is a village on the Temenica River in the Municipality of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
1990 Wincanton Classic
The 1990 Wincanton Classic was the 2nd edition of the Wincanton Classic cycle race (also known as Leeds International Classic and Rochester International Classic) and was held on 29 July. The race took place in and around Brighton. The race was won by Gianni Bugno of the Chateau d'Ax–Salotti team.

Wincanton Classic
Wincanton Classic (also known as Leeds International Classic and Rochester International Classic) was a cycling classic taking place in the United Kingdom as part of the UCI Road World Cup.

It was first held in 1989 in Newcastle, moving to Brighton in 1990 and 1991. The following year it was moved to Leeds, to be known as Leeds International Classic between 1994 and 1996. In its last year it was held in Rochester as Rochester International Classic. In 1998 it was replaced in the UCI Road World Cup by the HEW Cyclassics.
Quercus delicatula
Quercus delicatula is an Asian species of trees in the beech family. It has been found only in southern China, in the Provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hunan. It is placed in subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.

Quercus delicatula is a tree up to 20 meters tall with reddish-brown hairs covering the twigs and the undersides of the leaves, the leaves as much as 12 cm long.

Quercus subg. Cerris
Quercus subgenus Cerris is one of the two subgenera into which the genus Quercus was divided in a 2017 classification (the other being subgenus Quercus). It contains about 140 species divided among three sections. It may be called the Old World clade or the mid-latitude clade; all species are native to Eurasia and North Africa.
Geographical renaming
Geographical renaming is the changing of the name of a geographical feature or area, which ranges from the change of a street name to a change to the name of a country. Places are also sometimes assigned dual names for various reasons.

Damnatio memoriae
Damnatio memoriae (Classical Latin pronunciation: [damˈnaːti.oː mɛˈmɔri.ae̯]) is a modern Latin phrase meaning "condemnation of memory" or "damnation of memory", indicating that a person is to be excluded from official accounts. There are and have been many routes to damnatio memoriae including the destruction of depictions, the removal of names from inscriptions and documents, and even large-scale rewritings of history.