hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1959 Birthday Honours
The Queen's Birthday Honours 1959 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries.

The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The Queen, and were announced on 13 June 1959 for the United Kingdom and Commonwealth Australia, New Zealand, Ghana, and the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Vickers-Armstrongs
Vickers-Armstrongs Limited was a British engineering conglomerate formed by the merger of the assets of Vickers Limited and Sir W G Armstrong Whitworth & Company in 1927. The majority of the company was nationalised in the 1960s and 1970s, with the remainder being divested as Vickers plc in 1977.

It featured among Britain's most prominent armaments firms.
Activation function
In artificial neural networks, the activation function of a node is a function that calculates the output of the node based on its individual inputs and their weights. Nontrivial problems can be solved using only a few nodes if the activation function is nonlinear.

Modern activation functions include the logistic (sigmoid) function used in the 2012 speech recognition model developed by Hinton et al; the ReLU used in the 2012 AlexNet computer vision model and in the 2015 ResNet model; and the smooth version of the ReLU, the GELU, which was used in the 2018 BERT model.

Heaviside step function
The Heaviside step function, or the unit step function, usually denoted by H or θ (but sometimes u, 1 or 𝟙), is a step function named after Oliver Heaviside, the value of which is zero for negative arguments and one for positive arguments.  Different conventions concerning the value H(0) are in use. It is an example of the general class of step functions, all of which can be represented as linear combinations of translations of this one.

The function was originally developed in operational calculus for the solution of differential equations, where it represents a signal that switches on at a specified time and stays switched on indefinitely. Heaviside developed the operational calculus as a tool in the analysis of telegraphic communications and represented the function as 1.
Cellulomonas pakistanensis
Cellulomonas pakistanensis is a plant-growth-promoting, facultatively anaerobic, moderately halotolerant rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus Cellulomonas which has been isolated from paddy grains from the National Agricultural Research Centre in Pakistan.

Cellulomonas
Cellulomonas is a genus of Gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria. One of their main distinguishing features is their ability to degrade cellulose, using enzymes such as endoglucanase and exoglucanase. They are members of the Actinomycetota.
1940 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 1940 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships were organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and served as the national championships in indoor track and field for the United States.

The men's edition was held at Madison Square Garden in New York City, New York, and it took place February 24. There was no corresponding women's championships in 1940.

At the championships, the University of Notre Dame's Greg Rice ran a world record time of 13:55.9 for 3 miles indoors. He ran the race minutes after Taisto Mäki raced in an exhibition at the same venue, and commentators viewed Rice's performance as a response to Finnish distance running dominance of the time. About 15,000 spectators attended.

USA Indoor Track and Field Championships
The USA Indoor Track and Field Championships is an annual indoor track and field competition organized by USA Track & Field, which serves as the American national championships for the sport. In years which feature a World Indoor Championships in Athletics, the championships serve as a way of selecting the best athletes for those competitions.
20 Minutes Till Dawn
20 Minutes Till Dawn is a roguelike  game created by the independent developer flanne. The player controls a character who fights against continuous waves of monsters, with the goal being to survive the onslaught until dawn. During each round a player earns gems, with which they are able to unlock additional characters, weapons, and runes for subsequent sessions. The gameplay of 20 Minutes Till Dawn is inspired by Vampire Survivors, with the main difference being that the characters in 20 Minutes Till Dawn do not attack or recharge their weapons automatically.

The game was released in early access on Steam on June 8, 2022, and was ported to Android and iOS by Erabit Studios on September 9, 2022. The game exited early access on Steam with version 1.0 on June 8, 2023. A Nintendo Switch port was released on December 21, 2023

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
Rajiv Gauba
Rajiv Gauba (born 15 August 1959; IAST: Rājīva Gaubā)  is a retired Indian bureaucrat and IAS officer who served as the Cabinet Secretary of India from 30 August 2019 to 30 August 2024. As of March 2025, he serves as a full time member of NITI Aayog, the Indian Government's apex public policy think tank. He served for five years as Cabinet Secretary making him longest serving cabinet secretary in history his tenure as the Cabinet Secretary of India has been extended 4 times by 1 year durations by the Appointment Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) which is chaired by the Prime Minister of India.

Chief secretary (India)
The Chief Secretary is the highest-ranking executive official and civil servant of the government of an Indian state. The Chief Secretary is the ex-officio head of the state Civil Services Board, the State Secretariat, the state cadre Indian Administrative Service and all civil services under the rules of business of the state government. The Chief Secretary acts as the principal advisor to the chief minister on all matters of state administration.

The Chief Secretary is an officer of the Indian Administrative Service. The Chief Secretary is the senior-most cadre post in the state administration, ranking 23rd on the Indian order of precedence. The Chief Secretary acts as an ex-officio secretary to the state cabinet, therefore called "Secretary to the Cabinet". The status of this post is equal to that of a Secretary to the Government of India.
Jinghai, Tianjin
Jinghai District (simplified Chinese: 静海区; traditional Chinese: 靜海區; pinyin: Jìnghǎi Qū) is a district of the municipality of Tianjin, People's Republic of China, located in the southwest portion of the municipality, bordering Hebei province to the south and west, Xiqing District to the north and northeast, and Binhai to the east. It is the birthplace of Huo Yuanjia.

Binhai, Tianjin
Binhai, fully known as Binhai New Area (Chinese: 滨海新区; pinyin: Bīnhǎi Xīn Qū),  abbreviated as Binhai and Bincheng, is a sub-provincial division, new area and special economic zone of China under the jurisdiction of Tianjin, People's Republic of China, located in the eastern coastal area of Tianjin, the center of the Bohai Economic Rim, with a total area of 2,270 square kilometers and a population of 2,067,300, It is the gateway to opening up to the outside world in northern China, a high-level modern manufacturing and R&D transformation base, a northern international shipping center and international logistics center, and a livable and ecological new urban area.

Binhai New Area is an important part of China (Tianjin) Pilot Free Trade Zone, a state-level new area, and a national comprehensive supporting reform pilot area.
Takla Landing
Takla Landing, also known as McLaing Landing, is an unincorporated locality and former steamboat landing on the east side of Takla Lake in the Omineca Country of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada.  In the days of the Omineca Gold Rush, Takla Landing was a port for steamboats connecting trails from Hazelton, British Columbia via Babine Lake to trails leading from Takla Landing eastwards to the area of the gold strikes in the lower Omineca River.

The locality is the site of North Tacla Lake Indian Reserve No. 7 and adjoining it is North Tacla Lake Indian Reserve 7A.  The reserves, 63.1 and 14.8 ha. respectively, are under the administration of the Takla Lake First Nation.

The community is served by the Takla Landing Water Aerodrome.

Takla Lake
Takla Lake is the fifth largest natural lake in British Columbia, Canada.  It is a deep fjord-like lake with the Swannell Ranges to the east, the Driftwood River flowing into it from the north, and the Middle River draining it. It is the terminus of the early Stuart-Takla sockeye salmon run, and noted for its large rainbow trout, lake trout and Dolly Varden. The peninsula is the home of Mount Blanchet Provincial Park.  Also on the peninsula is a herd of collared woodland caribou, and the winter range of grizzly bears. Two special features are Takla Lake Marine Park, and an Ecological Reserve on the peninsula, a stand of very northerly Douglas Fir. Takla Lake is also the origin of both of Canada's national airlines, both Russ Baker and Grant McConachie running bush plane routes out of Takla Lake. It is a popular canoe route from the top end down to Fort St. James.

Takla Lake may be a corruption of thaitla, meaning "bottom of the lake" (18th Annual Report, G.B.C).
Interaction Design Institute Ivrea
Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (also known as Interaction Ivrea or IDII) was a private educational institution offering a two-year graduate program in the field of Interaction Design, operating in the town of Ivrea in Northern Italy between 2001 and 2006.

The institute was based in the former Olivetti Study and Research Centre, sometimes referred to as Casa Blu, designed by Eduardo Vittorio in 1955 and restored by Sottsass Associati.

Domus Academy
Domus Academy is a private school of design in Milan, Italy. It offers undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses in fashion, industrial design, design management, business and user experience design, product and interior design, design innovation, fashion and luxury brand management.
2025 James Madison Dukes football team
The 2025 James Madison Dukes football team represented James Madison University in the Sun Belt Conference's East Division during the 2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Dukes were led by Bob Chesney in his second year as the head coach. The Dukes played their home games at the Bridgeforth Stadium, located in Harrisonburg, Virginia. They appeared in the College Football Playoff for the first time in program and Sun Belt history.

James Madison became the first ever program to participate in both the College Football Playoff and the FCS playoffs in the same decade (2020s), the last appearance of the latter being in 2021, which was their final season in the FCS.

Bridgeforth Stadium
Bridgeforth Stadium is a football stadium located on the campus of James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia. It is home to the James Madison Dukes football team and the playing surface is named Zane Showker Field.

With a seating capacity of 24,877, Bridgeforth Stadium is currently the twelfth-largest stadium in the Sun Belt Conference.
Gynacantha bayadera
Gynacantha bayadera, parakeet darner or small duskhawker, is a species of dragonfly in the family Aeshnidae. It is found  from India to South China and northern New Guinea. This is a crepuscular species which probably breeds in forested swamps and marshy areas, or in forest pools.

Aeshnidae
Aeshnidae, also called aeshnids, hawkers, or darners, is a family of dragonflies, found nearly worldwide, with more than 50 genera and over 450 species.

The family includes some of the largest dragonflies, and can be over three inches long.
Nimbarka Sampradaya
The Nimbarka Sampradaya (IAST: Nimbārka Sampradāya, Sanskrit निम्बार्क सम्प्रदाय), also known as the Kumāra Sampradāya, Hamsa Sampradāya, and Sanakādi Sampradāya (सनकादि सम्प्रदाय), is the oldest Vaiṣṇava sect. It was founded by Nimbarka, a Telugu Brahmin yogi and philosopher. It propounds the Vaishnava Bhedabheda theology of Dvaitadvaita (dvaita-advaita) or dualistic non-dualism. Dvaitadvaita states that humans are both different and non-different from Isvara, God or Supreme Being. Specifically, this Sampradaya is a part of Krishnaism—Krishna-centric traditions.

Ishvara
Ishvara (Sanskrit: ईश्वर, romanised: Īśvara) is a concept in Hinduism, with a wide range of meanings that depend on the era and the school of Hinduism. In ancient texts of Hindu philosophy, depending on the context, Ishvara can mean lord, ruler, king, husband, queen, soul or the Supreme Self (Paramatman). In medieval-era Hindu texts, depending on the school of Hinduism, Ishvara means God, Supreme Being, personal God, or special Self.
In Shaivism, Ishvara is an epithet of Shiva. In Vaishnavism, it is synonymous with Vishnu, like in his epithet of Venkateswara. In traditional Bhakti movements, Ishvara is one or more deities of an individual's preference (Iṣṭa-devatā) from Hinduism's polytheistic canon of deities. In modern-day sectarian movements like Arya Samaj and Brahmoism, Ishvara takes the form of a monotheistic God. In the Yoga school of Hinduism, it is any "personal deity" or "spiritual inspiration". In Advaita Vedanta, Ishvara is the manifested form of Brahman (Saguna brahman).
Sancho Lyttle
Sancho Lyttle (born September 20, 1983) is a Vincentian-Spanish former professional basketball player for the WNBA. Combining the WNBA and the European season, she has won six domestic leagues and four Euroleague titles with four teams in three countries. She was born in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and was granted Spanish nationality in June 2010. With the Spanish basketball team she has won four medals between 2010 and 2017.

EuroBasket Women 2013
The 2013 European Women Basketball Championship, commonly called EuroBasket Women 2013, was the 34th regional championship held by FIBA Europe. The competition was held in France from 15 to 30 June 2013. This was the fourth time that the EuroBasket Women has been hosted by France.

Spain defeated France 70–69 in the final to win the title.
Phantasmagoria (The Damned album)
Phantasmagoria is the sixth studio album by the English rock band the Damned, released by MCA on 15 July 1985. Special editions were available on white vinyl or picture disc; some versions included a free 12-inch of their UK No. 3 hit "Eloise". It is the first album by the band without original member Captain Sensible, and was a style shift to gothic rock compared to the band's punk sound of its early career.

David Vanian
David Vanian (born David Lett, 12 October 1956) is an English rock musician, and lead singer of the punk rock band the Damned. Formed in 1976 in London, the Damned were the first British punk band to release a single, release an album, have a record hit the UK charts, and tour the United States. With a fluid line-up since their founding, Vanian has been the only ever-present member. Vanian's baritone singing voice, dark lyrics and vampire-themed costumes, were a major influence on the goth subculture.
Ahmad Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah
Ahmad Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah (Arabic: الشيخ أحمد النواف الأحمد الصباح, romanized: ash-Shaykh ʾAḥmad al Nawwāf al-ʾAḥmad aṣ-Ṣabāḥ, born 1956) is a Kuwaiti politician and military officer who served as the Prime Minister of Kuwait from 24 July 2022 until his resignation on 20 December 2023. He is the eldest son of the late Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, the former Emir of Kuwait.

Prime Minister of Kuwait
The prime minister of Kuwait is the head of government of Kuwait. As the third most powerful official in the country, following the emir of Kuwait and Speaker of the National Assembly, the prime minister leads the executive branch of the Government of Kuwait.

Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, the emir of Kuwait during the period of Kuwait's independence, appointed himself the first prime minister of Kuwait on 17 January 1962, after the Constituent Assembly was elected to draft the Constitution.

Until 2003, the crown prince of Kuwait was usually appointed to the office of prime minister.

Mohammed Sabah Al-Salem Al-Sabah held the position of Prime Minister of Kuwait starting 17 January 2024 and transitioned to a caretaker role on 15 April 2024 after his successor was designated. Sheikh Ahmad Al-Abdullah Al-Sabah assumed office on May 15, 2024, after being sworn in before the emir of Kuwait.
Timothy Bradley
Timothy Ray Bradley Jr. (born August 29, 1983) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 2004 to 2016. He held multiple world championships in two weight classes, including the World Boxing Council (WBC) light welterweight title twice between 2008 and 2011, the World Boxing Organization (WBO) light welterweight title from 2009 to 2012, and the WBO welterweight title twice between 2012 and 2016.

In October 2013, Bradley was ranked as the world's third-best active boxer, pound for pound, by The Ring magazine. He is particularly known for his trilogy of fights against Manny Pacquiao, whom he fought in 2012, 2014, and 2016. Bradley was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame as part of the class of 2023.

Golden Boy Promotions
Golden Boy Promotions, Inc. is an American boxing promotional firm based in Los Angeles, California. The company was established in 2002 by eight-time world champion (in six divisions) Oscar De La Hoya, borrowing his nickname "Golden Boy."
Saint Thomas Christian music
Saint Thomas Christian music refers to the musical traditions of the Saint Thomas Christian community of Kerala, India. It is chiefly liturgical and is derived from ancient Syriac Christian music from the Middle East, with remarkably little influence from local Indian styles. Of particular significance is the prevalence of the organum singing style. As a result of the community's isolation and conservatism, these traditions may retain elements of the earliest forms of Early Christian music.

Church music
Church music is a genre of Christian music written for performance in church, or any musical setting of ecclesiastical liturgy, or music set to words expressing propositions of a sacred nature, such as a hymn.
Presidential representative of Ukraine in Crimea
The Permanent Representative of the President of Ukraine in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukrainian: Постійний Представник Президента України в АР Крим, romanized: Postiinyi Predstavnyk Prezydenta Ukrainy v AR Krym) represents the President of Ukraine in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.

Originally created in 1992 as the Presidential representative of Ukraine in Crimea, the first representative was not appointed until March 1994. The first representative was Valeriy Horbatov, who worked as a head of the Krupskaya collective farm in Nyzhnohirskyi Raion, Crimean Oblast.

Viktor Plakida
Viktor Tarasovych Plakida (born 2 August 1956) is a Ukrainian politician and businessman. Plakida served as the Prime Minister of Crimea, an autonomous region in southern Ukraine, from 2006 to 2010 (the office of prime minister is also known as the chairman of the Crimean Council of Ministers). He was the Representatives of the President of Ukraine in Crimea.
Unneruskollen Island
Unneruskollen Island is an ice-covered island lying north of Halvfarryggen Ridge and between Ekstrom Ice Shelf and Jelbart Ice Shelf, on the coast of Queen Maud Land. First mapped by the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949-1952), led by John Schjelderup Giæver, it was named Unneruskollen by the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956–60.

Halvfarryggen Ridge
Halvfarryggen Ridge (71°10′S 6°40′W﻿ / ﻿71.167°S 6.667°W﻿ / -71.167; -6.667) is a broad snow-covered ridge separating the Ekström Ice Shelf and the Jelbart Ice Shelf, on the coast of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was first mapped by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–52. They referred to the feature as "Isrygg" (ice ridge), but it was subsequently named Halvfarryggen (the half way ridge) by the Sixth Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956–60.
Daallo Airlines Flight 159
Daallo Airlines Flight 159 was a scheduled international passenger flight operated by Somali-owned Daallo Airlines. On 2 February 2016, the flight was the target of a terrorist attack, and an explosion occurred on board the aircraft 20 minutes after it took off from Mogadishu. The aircraft was able to return to the airport safely with one fatality (the bomber). A subsequent investigation indicated that the explosion was caused by a bomb detonated in a suicide attack. The Islamist militant group Al-Shabaab claimed responsibility for the bombing. A total of ten people were convicted in relation to the plot.

Djibouti City
Djibouti (also called Djibouti City and Jibuti in early Western texts) is the capital city of the Republic of Djibouti. It is located in the coastal Djibouti Region on the Gulf of Tadjoura.

Djibouti has a population of around 780,000 inhabitants, which counts for 73% of the country's population. The settlement was founded in 1888 by the French, on land leased from the ruling Somali and Afar Sultans. During the ensuing period, it served as the capital of French Somaliland and its successor the French Territory of the Afars and Issas.
Florennes Castle
The Florennes Castle (formerly the Château de Beaufort) in Florennes, Namur, Wallonia, Belgium, is a castle that dates back to the 9th century, although most of the modern structure is much more recent.

Florennes
Florennes (French pronunciation: [flɔ.ʁɛn]; Walloon: Florene) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Namur, Belgium. As of 1 January 2006, Florennes has a total population of 10,754. The total area is 133.55 km2 which gives a population density of 81 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Corenne, Flavion, Florennes, Hanzinelle, Hanzinne, Hemptinne, Morialmé, Morville, Rosée, Saint-Aubin and Thy-le-Bauduin.

Florennes hosts Florennes Air Base, a Belgian military airfield which is the home base for F-16 Fighting Falcon jets.

The first week-end of every July, Florennes is a large festival due to the folk walk with a couple of thousand valorous walkers.

Cyclists Firmin Lambot, who won the Tour de France in 1919 and in 1922 and Léon Scieur, who won the Tour in 1921, were born in Florennes.

The village was formerly the site of Florennes Abbey, dissolved during the French Revolution and since entirely demolished.