hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Héctor Santiago (baseball)
Héctor Felipe Santiago (born December 16, 1987) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago White Sox, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, Minnesota Twins, New York Mets, and Seattle Mariners. He plays for the Puerto Rico national baseball team.

He played one year of college baseball at Okaloosa-Walton Community College in Niceville, Florida. He was an All–Star in 2015.

Batted ball
In the sports of baseball and softball, a batted ball is a pitch that has been contacted by the batter's bat. Batted balls are either fair or foul, and can be characterized as a fly ball, pop-up, line drive, or ground ball.  In baseball, a foul ball counts as a strike against the batter, unless there are already two strikes on the batter, with special rules applying to foul tips and foul bunts. Fly balls are those hit in an arcing manner, with pop-ups being a subset of fly balls that do not travel far.  Line drives are batted balls hit on a straight line trajectory, while ground balls are hit at a low trajectory, contact the ground shortly after being hit, and then either roll or bounce.  Batted balls, especially line drives, can present a hazard to players, umpires, and spectators, as people have been seriously injured or killed after being struck by batted balls.
58 Aquilae
58 Aquilae is a single star located around 520 light years from the Sun in the equatorial constellation of Aquila, near Eta Aquilae. 58 Aquilae is its Flamsteed designation. It is visible to the naked eye as a dim, blue-white hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.60. This object is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −53 km/s, and may come as close as 161 light-years in around 1.8 million years.

This object has a stellar classification of B9 IV, matching a late B-type subgiant star. It has 5.6 times the radius of the Sun with a high rate of spin, showing a projected rotational velocity of 110 km/s. The star is radiating 117 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 7,946 K.

Aquila (constellation)
Aquila is a constellation on the celestial equator. Its name is Latin for 'eagle' and it represents the bird that carried Zeus/Jupiter's thunderbolts in Greek-Roman mythology.

Its brightest star, Altair, is one vertex of the Summer Triangle asterism. The constellation is best seen in the northern summer, as it is located along the Milky Way. Because of this location, many clusters and nebulae are found within its borders, but they are dim and galaxies are few.
Aghbolagh-e Hamadani
Aghbolagh-e Hamadani (Persian: اغبلاغ همداني, also Romanized as Āghbolāgh-e Hamadānī; also known as Āqbolāgh-e Hamadān and Āqbolāgh-e Hamedānī) is a village in Chaman Rural District, Takht-e Soleyman District, Takab County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 119, in 24 families.

Takht-e Soleyman District
Takht-e Soleyman District (Persian: بخش تخت سلیمان) is in Takab County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Takht-e Soleyman. The district is the site of the Takht-e Soleyman ("Throne of Solomon") World Heritage Site.
Super-resolution imaging
Super-resolution imaging (SR) is a class of techniques that improve the resolution of an imaging system. In optical SR the diffraction limit of systems is transcended, while in geometrical SR the resolution of digital imaging sensors is enhanced.

In some radar and sonar imaging applications (e.g. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), high-resolution computed tomography), subspace decomposition-based methods (e.g. MUSIC) and compressed sensing-based algorithms (e.g., SAMV) are employed to achieve SR over standard periodogram algorithm.

Super-resolution imaging techniques are used in general image processing and in super-resolution microscopy.

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
The IEEE Transactions on Image Processing is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering aspects of image processing in the field of signal processing. It was established in 1992 and is published by the IEEE Signal Processing Society. The editor-in-chief is Benoît Macq (Université catholique de Louvain). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 13.7.
Belmuri railway station
Belmuri railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway station on the Howrah–Bardhaman chord line operated by Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is situated beside Belmuri Bhandarhati Road, Bahadurpur in Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a widespread superstition that mentioning the station's name aloud is a harbinger of misfortune, so passengers and railway staff use such proxies as Majher Gram. Number of EMU trains stop at Belmuri railway station.

Howrah–Barddhaman chord line
The Howrah–Barddhaman chord line is a broad-gauge rail line connecting Howrah and Bardhaman. The 95-kilometre-long (59 mi) railway line operates in Howrah,  Hooghly and Purba Bardhaman districts in the state of West Bengal. It is part of the Howrah–Gaya–Delhi line, Howrah–Delhi main line, Howrah–Prayagraj–Mumbai line and the Kolkata Suburban Railway system.
Tasman Spirit oil spill
The Tasman Spirit oil spill occurred in the Arabian Sea just outside the Port of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan on July 27, 2003, when Tasman Spirit, an oil tanker owned by Maltese company Assimina Maritime, bound for the Port of Karachi, Karachi from Kharg Island, Iran, ran aground while navigating to the Port of Karachi, at Clifton Beach, at 12:57 p.m. local time and spilled approximately 30,000 metric tonnes of light crude oil over the next few days. It is considered to be one of the worst human-caused environmental disasters in Pakistan. The Tasman Spirit spill eventually affected 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) of the main public beach of the city, and the Port of Karachi, which were heavily or moderately oiled.

Environmental disaster
An environmental disaster or ecological disaster is defined as a catastrophic event regarding the natural environment that is due to human activity. This point distinguishes environmental disasters from other disturbances such as natural disasters and intentional acts of war such as nuclear bombings.

Environmental disasters show how the impact of humans' alteration of the land has led to widespread and/or long-lasting consequences. These disasters have included deaths of wildlife, humans and plants, or severe disruption of human life or health, possibly requiring migration. Some environmental disasters are the trigger source of more expansive environmental conflicts, where effected groups try to socially confront the actors responsible for the disaster.
K. Pudur
K. Pudur is a neighbourhood in Madurai district of Tamil Nadu state in the peninsular India.

It is located at about 158 m above the mean sea level with the geographical coordinates of 9°57′15″N 78°09′03″E﻿ / ﻿9.954300°N 78.150700°E﻿ / 9.954300; 78.150700 (i.e., 9°57'15.5"N, 78°09'02.5"E). Madurai, Sellur, Narimedu, Chinna Chokkikulam, B B Kulam, Simmakkal, Tallakulam, Goripalayam, Shenoy Nagar, Yanaikkal, Nelpettai, East Gate, Thathaneri, Koodal Nagar and Arappalayam are some of the important neighbourhoods of K. Pudur.

K. Pudur area falls under the Madurai North Assembly constituency. The winner of the election held in the year 2021 as the member of its assembly constituency is G. Thalapathi. Also, this area belongs to Madurai Lok Sabha constituency. S. Venkatesan won the 2019 elections, as the member of its Lok Sabha constituency.

Koodal Nagar, Madurai
Koodal Nagar is a neighbourhood in Madurai district of Tamil Nadu state in the peninsular India. Koodal Nagar is well connected by roads that lead to Alanganallur area where Bull fight play is famous. Koodal Nagar area is one of the 28 wards that were included after the year 2011, to Madurai Municipal Corporation which has 100 wards now that had 72 wards before the year 2011.
Minister of Communications (India)
The minister of communications (Hindi: संचार मंत्री) is the head of the Ministry of Communications and a senior member of the union council of ministers of the Government of India. The portfolio is usually held by a minister with cabinet rank who is a senior member of the council of ministers and is often assisted by one or two junior ministers or the ministers of state.

The current minister is Jyotiraditya Scindia who has been serving in office since 10 June 2024 and is currently assisted by Dr. Chandra Sekhar Pemmasani as the minister of state for communications.

One former president - Shankar Dayal Sharma served as minister in the ministry. Sharma was Cabinet minister for communications from 1974 until 1977. Two former prime ministers, Lal Bahadur Shastri and Inder Kumar Gujral also served as ministers in the ministry. Shastri was Cabinet minister for transport and communications from 1957 until 1958, while Gujral was minister of state for communications from 1967 until 1971.

Union Council of Ministers
The Union Council of Ministers is the principal executive organ of the Government of India, which serves to aid and advise the President of India in execution of their functions. It is chaired by the Prime Minister of India and consists of the heads of each of the executive government ministries. Currently, the council is headed by Narendra Modi and consists of 71 fellow members. The council is answerable to the Lok Sabha.

A smaller executive body called the Union Cabinet is the supreme decision-making body in India; it is a subset of the Union Council of Ministers who hold important portfolios and ministries of the government.
1954 Rugby Union European Cup
The Europe Cup 1954 was the fifth Rugby Union European championship, organised by FIRA and the second (and last) with this name.

With the exception of a preliminary, all the matches were played in Italy. As in the 1952 edition, France won the title after a victory over Italy in the final.

This was the last edition of this competition. A European tournament arranged by FIRA, returned only in 1965 with the Nations Cup.

1952 Rugby Union European Cup
The Europe Cup 1952 was the fourth Rugby Union European championship, organized by FIRA.

After the Second World War rugby activity restarted in Europe with the Five Nations restarting in 1947. The FIRA approved to reorganize the European Championship, after three tournaments in 1936–38. During the assembly of May 20, 1951, it was decided that the name of tournament would be Europe Cup, and that the first edition was to be played in 1952. Like in all subsequent editions, only countries of Continental Europe ever took place.

A "challenge" format was chosen: France, winner of the last tournament in 1938, advanced directly to the final, where it met the winner of the preliminary tournament, which was played by four teams: Belgium, West Germany, Italy and Spain.
World Association for Medical Law
The World Association for Medical Law (WAML) was formally established in 1967. It is a not-for profit organization, and according to its statutes, its purpose is to encourage the study and discussion of problems concerning medical law, forensic and legal medicine and ethics, and their possible solution in ways that are beneficial to humanity and advancement of human rights.
The aim of the WAML is to promote the study of the consequences in jurisprudence, legislation and ethics of developments in medicine, health care and related sciences.

Medical law
Medical law is the branch of law which concerns the prerogatives and responsibilities of medical professionals and the rights of the patient. It should not be confused with medical jurisprudence, which is a branch of medicine, rather than a branch of law.
Dano-Swedish War (1813–1814)
The Dano-Swedish War of 1813–1814 also referred to as Charles John's campaign against Denmark, or as the War for Norway (Danish: Kampen om Norge) was the Coalition campaign against Denmark-Norway led by the Swedish crown prince Charles John, and it was the last major conflict between Denmark and Sweden. The war was a part of Sweden's campaign against the French Empire, who after defeating the French at The Battle of the Nations turned its attention to Napoleon's last ally Denmark–Norway. Denmark was invaded through its German duchies, which later became occupied. In the peace treaty Denmark was forced to give Norway to Sweden, ending the 400-year personal union between them.

Prince Frederik of Hesse
Prince Frederik of Hesse, Landgrave Friedrich of Hesse-Cassel (24 May 1771 – 24 February 1845) was a Danish-German nobleman, field marshal and governor-general of Norway (1810–1813) and the same in the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein (1836–1842).
Del Pezzo Restaurant
Del Pezzo Restaurant was an eatery located at 211 West 34th Street (and later, on  West 40th and  West 47th) in New York City. It was frequented by singers connected with the Metropolitan Opera Company in the early 1930s. It was a favorite restaurant of Enrico Caruso; he and Giacomo Puccini dined there during the latter's visit to the United States in December 1906. They were joined by Marziale Sisca, the dean of Italian-American publishers, who owned the newspaper La Follia.  The restaurant was also frequented by Life magazine staff members and by artists, such as the group that first met in 1950 to establish Raphael Soyer's Reality magazine. It was also the restaurant where Le Corbusier had lunch during his stay in New York for working the preliminary studies of the United Nations Headquarters, which were being prepared in a drafting room on the twenty-seventh floor of the RKO building.

34th Street (Manhattan)
34th Street is a major crosstown street in the New York City borough of Manhattan. It runs the width of Manhattan Island from the West Side Highway on the West Side to FDR Drive on the East Side. 34th Street is used as a crosstown artery between New Jersey to the west and Queens to the east, connecting the Lincoln Tunnel to New Jersey with the Queens–Midtown Tunnel to Long Island.

Several notable buildings are located directly along 34th Street, including the Empire State Building, Macy's Herald Square, and Javits Center. Other structures, such as Pennsylvania Station, are located within one block of 34th Street.  The street is served by the crosstown M34/M34A bus routes and contains several subway stops.
Bit.Trip Core
Bit.Trip Core, marketed as BIT.TRIP CORE, is a 2009 arcade-style rhythm game developed by Gaijin Games and published by Aksys Games for the Wii's WiiWare download service. It is the second game in the Bit.Trip series, directly succeeding Bit.Trip Beat and preceding Bit.Trip Void, Bit.Trip Runner, Bit.Trip Fate and Bit.Trip Flux.

Music video game
A music video game, also commonly known as a music game, is a video game where the gameplay is meaningfully and often almost entirely oriented around the player's interactions with a musical score or individual songs. Music video games may take a variety of forms and are often grouped with puzzle games due to their common use of "rhythmically generated puzzles".

Music video games are distinct from purely audio games (e.g. the 1997 Sega Saturn release Real Sound: Kaze no Regret) in that they feature a visual feedback, to lead the player through the game's soundtrack, although eidetic music games can fall under both categories.
2014 Australian Football International Cup
The 2014 Australian Football International Cup (also known as the AFL International Cup 2014 or IC14) was the fifth edition of the Australian Football International Cup, an international Australian rules football competition run by the Australian Football League.

It was contested between Saturday August 9 to Saturday August 23, with games played in Melbourne. All three previous champions (Ireland, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea) participated in the tournament.

Canada Women's Australian Football League
AFL Canada is the governing body for Women's Australian rules football competition in Canada.  The primary competition is centred in the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec and the national team is known as the "Northern Lights".
Colorado's 5th congressional district
Colorado's 5th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Colorado. The district lies in the center of the state and comprises Colorado Springs and its suburbs including Cimarron Hills and Fort Carson.

The district is currently represented by Republican Jeff Crank. Historically one of the most Republican districts in Colorado, redistricting and growing Democratic strength in Colorado Springs and suburbs such as Cimarron Hills, Fountain, and Security-Widefield have shifted the district strongly to the left. However it is still a moderately Republican-leaning district with a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of R+5.

Teller County, Colorado
Teller County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,710. The county seat is Cripple Creek, and the most populous city is Woodland Park. Teller County is included in the Colorado Springs metropolitan area.
Unit type
In the area of mathematical logic and computer science known as type theory, a unit type is a type that allows only one value (and thus can hold no information). The carrier (underlying set) associated with a unit type can be any singleton set. There is an isomorphism between any two such sets, so it is customary to talk about the unit type and ignore the details of its value. One may also regard the unit type as the type of 0-tuples, i.e. the product of no types.

The unit type is the terminal object in the category of types and typed functions. It should not be confused with the zero or empty type, which allows no values and is the initial object in this category. Similarly, the Boolean is the type with two values.

The unit type is implemented in most functional programming languages. The void type that is used in some imperative programming languages serves some of its functions, but because its carrier set is empty, it has some limitations (as detailed below).

Boolean data type
In computer science, the Boolean (sometimes shortened to Bool) is a data type that has one of two possible values (usually denoted true and false) which is intended to represent the two truth values of logic and Boolean algebra. It is named after George Boole, who first defined an algebraic system of logic in the mid-19th century. The Boolean data type is primarily associated with conditional statements, which allow different actions by changing control flow depending on whether a programmer-specified Boolean condition evaluates to true or false. It is a special case of a more general logical data type—logic does not always need to be Boolean  (see probabilistic logic).
Double Flower FA
Double Flower Football Association (Chinese: 花花足球會) is a Hong Kong football club which plays in the Hong Kong Third Division. The club was very successful in 1990s in the then top-tier First Division under the name Instant-Dict (Chinese: 快譯通).

Football Association of Hong Kong, China
The Football Association of Hong Kong, China (HKFA, Chinese: 中國香港足球總會; formerly Hong Kong Football Association) is the governing body of association football in Hong Kong. It is currently a member of FIFA, the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), and the East Asian Football Federation (EAFF). Its current chairman is Eric Fok.
Dihydrosirohydrochlorin
Dihydrosirohydrochlorin is one of several naturally occurring tetrapyrrole macrocyclic metabolic intermediates in the biosynthesis of vitamin B12 (cobalamin). Its oxidised form, sirohydrochlorin, is precursor to  sirohaem, the iron-containing prosthetic group in sulfite reductase enzymes. Further biosynthetic transformations convert sirohydrochlorin to cofactor F430 for an enzyme which catalyzes the release of methane in the final step of methanogenesis.

Tetrapyrrole
Tetrapyrroles are a class of chemical compounds that contain four pyrrole or pyrrole-like rings.  The pyrrole/pyrrole derivatives are linked by (=CH− or −CH2− units), in either a linear or a cyclic fashion.  Pyrroles are a five-atom ring with four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom.  Tetrapyrroles are common cofactors in biochemistry and their biosynthesis and degradation feature prominently in the chemistry of life.

Some tetrapyrroles form the active core of compounds with crucial biochemical roles in living systems, such as hemoglobin and chlorophyll. In these two molecules, in particular, the pyrrole macrocycle ring frames a metal atom, that forms a coordination compound with the pyrroles and plays a central role in the biochemical function of those molecules.
RSC production of A Midsummer Night's Dream (1970)
The 1970 Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) production of A Midsummer Night's Dream was directed by Peter Brook, and is often known simply as Peter Brook's Dream. It opened in the Royal Shakespeare Theatre at Stratford-upon-Avon and then moved to the Aldwych Theatre in London's West End in 1971. It was taken on a world tour in 1972–1973. Brook's production of A Midsummer Night's Dream for the RSC is often described as one of the 20th century's most influential productions of Shakespeare, as it rejected many traditional ideas about the staging of classic drama.

Donkey
The donkey or ass is a domesticated equine. It derives from the African wild ass, Equus africanus, and may be classified either as a subspecies thereof, Equus africanus asinus, or as a separate species, Equus asinus.: 1  It was domesticated in Africa some 5000–7000 years ago,: 2 : 3715  and has been used mainly as a working animal since that time.

There are more than 40 million donkeys in the world, mostly in underdeveloped countries, where they are used principally as draught or pack animals. While working donkeys are often associated with those living at or below subsistence, small numbers of donkeys or asses are kept for breeding, as pets, and for livestock protection in developed countries.

An adult male donkey is a jack or jackass, an adult female is a jenny or jennet, and an immature donkey of either sex is a foal. Jacks are often mated with female horses (mares) to produce mules; the less common hybrid of a male horse (stallion) and jenny is a hinny.
Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets
Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets (1779–81), alternatively known by the shorter title Lives of the Poets, is a work by Samuel Johnson comprising short biographies and critical appraisals of 52 poets, most of whom lived during the eighteenth century. These were arranged, approximately, by date of death.

From the close of the 18th century, expanded editions and updates of Johnson's work began to appear.

Matthew Arnold
Matthew Arnold (24 December 1822 – 15 April 1888) was an English poet and cultural critic. He was the son of Thomas Arnold, the headmaster of Rugby School, and brother of both Tom Arnold, literary professor, and William Delafield Arnold, novelist and colonial administrator. He has been characterised as a sage writer, a type of writer who chastises and instructs the reader on contemporary social issues. He was also an inspector of schools for thirty-five years, and supported the concept of state-regulated secondary education.
Sally Sweetland
Sally Sweetland (née Mueller; September 23, 1911 – February 8, 2015) was an American soprano singer and teacher. She was active in the film and recording industry during the 1940s and 50s, before moving into teaching.

Joan Leslie
Joan Leslie (born Joan Agnes Theresa Sadie Brodel; January 26, 1925 – October 12, 2015) was an American actress and vaudevillian, who during the Hollywood Golden Age, appeared in films such as High Sierra (1941), Sergeant York (1941) and Yankee Doodle Dandy (1942).