hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Methodist Church of Australasia
The Methodist Church of Australasia was a Methodist denomination based in Australia. It existed from 1902 to 1977, when the Uniting Church in Australia was formed. It did missionary work in Australia through two organisations: the Methodist Overseas Mission (founded 1916), which focused mainly on Aboriginal Australians, and the Methodist Inland Mission (founded 1926), which served settler communities in remote parts of Australia.

Yolŋu
The Yolŋu or Yolngu (IPA: [ˈjuːlŋʊ] or [ˈjuːŋuːl]) are an aggregation of Aboriginal Australian people inhabiting north-eastern Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory of Australia. Yolŋu means "person" in the Yolŋu languages. The terms Murngin, Wulamba, Yalnumata, Murrgin and Yulangor were formerly used by some anthropologists for the Yolŋu.

All Yolŋu clans are affiliated with either the Dhuwa (also spelt Dua) or the Yirritja moiety. Prominent Dhuwa clans include the Rirratjiŋu and Gälpu clans of the Dangu people, while the Gumatj clan is the most prominent in the Yirritja moiety.
V (operating system)
The V operating system (sometimes written V-System) is a discontinued microkernel distributed operating system that was developed by faculty and students in the Distributed Systems Group at Stanford University from 1981 to 1988, led by Professors David Cheriton and Keith A. Lantz. V was the successor to the Thoth operating system and Verex kernel that Cheriton had developed in the 1970s. Despite similar names and close development dates, it is unrelated to UNIX System V.

Revision Control System
Revision Control System (RCS) is an early implementation of a version control system (VCS). It is a set of UNIX commands that allow multiple users to develop and maintain program code or documents.  With RCS, users can make their own revisions of a document, commit changes, and merge them. RCS was originally developed for programs but is also useful for text documents or configuration files that are frequently revised.
Falling buffe
The falling buffe is 16th century armour for the throat and lower face. It evolved from the bevor and was composed of several lames, retained in place by spring catches, which could be lowered for better ventilation and vision. It was often attached to the otherwise open-faced helmet, the burgonet.

Lame (armor)
A lame is a solid piece of sheet metal used as a component of a larger section of plate armor used in Europe during the medieval period. It is used in armors to provide articulations or the joining of the armor elements. The size is usually small with a narrow and rectangular shape. Multiple lames are riveted together or connected by leather straps or cloth lacing to form an articulated piece of armor that provides flexible protection. The armor worn by the samurai class of feudal Japan used lames in the construction of many of their individual armor parts. The Japanese term is ita, which can both refer to the lame or its borderings.
Water supply and sanitation in Peru
The water and sanitation sector in Peru has made important advances in the last two decades, including the increase of water coverage from 30% to 85% between 1980 and 2010. Sanitation coverage has also increased from 9% to 37% from 1985 to 2010 in rural areas. Advances have also been achieved concerning the disinfection of drinking water and in sewage treatment. Nevertheless, many challenges remain, such as:

Insufficient service coverage;

Poor service quality which puts the population's health at risk;

Deficient sustainability of built systems;

Tariffs that do not cover the investment and operational costs, as well as the maintenance of services;

Institutional and financial weakness; and,

Excess of human resources, poorly qualified, and high staff turnover.

Japan International Cooperation Agency
The Japan International Cooperation Agency (Japanese: 独立行政法人国際協力機構, romanized: dokuritsu gyōseihōjin kokusai kyōryoku kikō), also known as JICA, is a governmental agency that delivers the bulk of Official Development Assistance (ODA) for the government of Japan. It is chartered with assisting economic and social growth in developing countries and promoting international cooperation. According to the OECD, Japan's total official development assistance (ODA) (US$17.5 billion, grant-equivalent methodology, preliminary data) increased in 2022 due to an increase in its bilateral lending, which included support to Ukraine. ODA represented 0.39% of gross national income (GNI). The OECD's Development Assistance Committee published a peer review of Japan's development cooperation in October 2020. JICA was led by Shinichi Kitaoka, the former President of the International University of Japan, from 2015 to 2022. On 1 April 2022, Professor Akihiko Tanaka assumed the presidency.
Cleusonite
Cleusonite is a member of the crichtonite group of minerals with the chemical formula (Pb,Sr)(U4+,U6+)(Fe2+,Zn)2(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)18(O,OH)38.  This group of minerals contains approximately thirteen complex metal titanates. The structures of minerals of this group is complicated by frequent fine-scale twinning and metamictization due to radioactive elements. The crichtonite group consists of members of related mineral species of the type A{BC2D6E12}O38 which are characterized by their predominant cations (as seen in crichtonite (Sr), senaite (Pb), davidite (REE + U), landauite (Na), loveringite (Ca), lindsleyite (Ba), and mathiasite (K).

Uraninite
Uraninite, also known as pitchblende, is a radioactive, uranium-rich mineral and ore with a chemical composition that is largely UO2 but because of oxidation typically contains variable proportions of U3O8. Radioactive decay of the uranium causes the mineral to contain oxides of lead and trace amounts of helium. It may also contain thorium and rare-earth elements.
National Artist
National Artist is an honorary title issued by some states as the highest recognition of artists for their significant contributions to the cultural heritage of the nation.

An equivalent title, People's Artist, has been known in countries of the former Eastern Bloc and is also commonly translated as "National Artist".

In Turkey, a similar title is called State Artist (tr:Devlet Sanatçısı), which is also sometimes translated as "National Artist".

The following National Artist titles are known:

Thailand National Artist

National Artist of the Philippines

National Artist of Azerbaijan

National Artist of Czechoslovakia

National Artist of Malaysia

National Artist of the Philippines
The Order of National Artists of the Philippines (Tagalog: Orden ng mga Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas) is an order bestowed by the President of the Philippines on Philippine nationals who have made significant contributions to the development of Philippine art. Members of the order are known as National Artists. Originally instituted as an award, it was elevated to the status of an order in 2003.

The order is administered by the Cultural Center of the Philippines by virtue of President Ferdinand Marcos's Proclamation No. 1001 of April 27, 1972, and the National Commission for Culture and the Arts. The first award was posthumously conferred on Filipino painter Fernando Amorsolo.
Chromium hydride
Chromium hydrides are compounds of chromium and hydrogen, and possibly other elements. Intermetallic compounds with not-quite-stoichometric quantities of hydrogen exist, as well as highly reactive molecules. When present at low concentrations, hydrogen and certain other elements alloyed with chromium act as softening agents that enables the movement of dislocations that otherwise not occur in the crystal lattices of chromium atoms.

The hydrogen in typical chromium hydride alloys may contribute only a few hundred parts per million in weight at ambient temperatures. Varying the amount of hydrogen and other alloying elements, and their form in the chromium hydride either as solute elements, or as precipitated phases, expedites the movement of dislocations in chromium, and thus controls qualities such as the hardness, ductility, and tensile strength of the resulting chromium hydride.

Cubic crystal system
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.

There are three main varieties of these crystals:

Primitive cubic (abbreviated cP and alternatively called simple cubic)

Body-centered cubic (abbreviated cI or bcc)

Face-centered cubic (abbreviated cF or fcc)

Note: the term fcc is often used synonymously for the cubic close-packed or ccp structure occurring in metals. However, fcc stands for a face-centered cubic Bravais lattice, which is not necessarily close-packed when a motif is set onto the lattice points. E.g. the diamond and the zincblende lattices are fcc but not close-packed.
Each is subdivided into other variants listed below. Although the unit cells in these crystals are conventionally taken to be cubes, the primitive unit cells often are not.
2011 Generali Ladies Linz
The 2011 Generali Ladies Linz was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 25th edition of the Generali Ladies Linz, and part of the WTA International tournaments of the 2011 WTA Tour. It was held at the TipsArena Linz in Linz, Austria, from 10 October until 16 October 2011.

2011 WTA Tour
The WTA Tour is the elite tour for women's professional tennis organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The 2011 WTA Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (sanctioned by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA Premier tournaments, the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), the Commonwealth Bank Tournament of Champions and the WTA Championships.
Okuruto Noboru
Okuruto Noboru Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社オクルトノボル, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Okuruto Noboru) is a Japanese animation studio based in Tokyo founded on December 1, 2017 by ex-Gonzo/David Production producer Wani Koguchi.

Gonzo (company)
Gonzo K.K. (Japanese: 株式会社ゴンゾ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Gonzo) (formerly GDH K.K.)  is a Japanese anime studio owned by ADK  that was established on February 22, 2000. Gonzo is a member of The Association of Japanese Animations. The company's predecessor Gonzo Inc. was established on February 11, 1992, by former Gainax staff members, but was later absorbed into its parent company, GDH K.K. on April 1, 2009, and it would assume the Gonzo trade name for itself.

Gonzo has not released a major animation project since 2020, with Phantasy Star Online 2: Episode Oracle being the studio's latest major work; the company has been focusing on the NFT market with its projects Samurai Cryptos and Samurai Religion, as well as co-distributing the animated film They Shot the Piano Player in Japan.
Paraskeva of the Balkans
Paraskeva of the Balkans, alternatively known as Petka, was an ascetic female saint of the 11th century. She was born in Epivates, near present-day Istanbul, and, according to legends, had visions of the Virgin Mary. After living in Chalcedon and Heraclea Pontica, she settled in a convent in the desert near the Jordan River. An angel told her to return to her homeland, and two years later she died at the age of 27. Veneration of Saint Paraskeva began to spread in the 14th century from Bulgaria into the Danubian Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia. There was confusion over her identity and attributes because her Greek name Παρασκευή "Paraskeuḗ, Paraskevi" means "Friday," and translations in other languages, such as Romanian and Serbian, were "Saint Friday". Her life continues to be celebrated in many Orthodox countries, and her feast day is commemorated on October 14 in the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Iași County
Iași County (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈjaʃʲ]) is a county (județ) of Romania, in Western Moldavia, with the administrative seat at Iași. It is the most populous county in Romania, after the Municipality of Bucharest (which has the same administrative level as that of a county).
Longwantun
Longwantun Town (simplified Chinese: 龙湾屯镇; traditional Chinese: 龍灣屯鎮; pinyin: Lóngwāntún Zhèn) is a town in the northeastern part of Shunyi District, Beijing. The town is situated in a plane southwest of Zhigen and Zhongluo Mountains, and shares border with Dongbuqu Town to its northeast, Yukou Town to its southeast, Zhang and Yang Towns to its south, and Mulin Town to its west. The result of the 2020 census determined that Longwantun Town had 14,212 people residing within it.

This region received its name Longwantun (Chinese: 龙湾屯; lit. 'Dragon Bay Village') in the Tang dynasty, when Emperor Taizong stationed his troops for a night during his expedition against Goguryeo.

Shunyi, Beijing
Shunyi District (Chinese: 顺义区; pinyin: Shùnyì Qū) is a district of Beijing. Shunyi borders the Beijing districts of Pinggu to the east, Tongzhou to the south, Chaoyang to the southwest, Changping to the west, Huairou to the north, and Miyun to the northeast, as well as Hebei province to the southeast.

Shunyi has large communities of foreign expatriates.
Brasil Central Linhas Aéreas
Brasil Central Linhas Aéreas was a Brazilian airline founded in 1976 as VOTEC Serviços Aéreos Regionais. In 1986 its name was changed to Brasil Central Linhas Aéreas and in 1990 to TAM – Transportes Aéreos Meridionais. In 2000 it was merged into TAM – Transportes Aéreos Regionais, creating TAM Linhas Aéreas.

Marechal Cunha Machado International Airport
São Luís–Marechal Cunha Machado International Airport (IATA: SLZ, ICAO: SBSL), formerly called Tirirical Airport, is the airport serving São Luís, Brazil. Since 17 October 1985, the airport is named after Air Marshall Hugo da Cunha Machado (1898–1989), born in Maranhão.

It is operated by Motiva.
Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome
Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome is an acquired, hematological disorder characterized by loss of part of the long arm (q arm, band 5q33.1) of human chromosome 5 in bone marrow myelocyte cells. This chromosome abnormality is most commonly associated with the myelodysplastic syndrome.

It should not be confused with "partial trisomy 5q", though both conditions have been observed in the same family. Diagnosis is achieved through marrow biopsy.

Megakaryocyte
A megakaryocyte (from  mega- 'large'  karyo- 'cell nucleus' and  -cyte 'cell') is a large bone marrow cell with a lobated nucleus that produces blood platelets (thrombocytes), which are necessary for normal clotting. In humans, megakaryocytes usually account for 1 out of 10,000 bone marrow cells, but can increase in number nearly 10-fold during the course of certain diseases. Owing to variations in combining forms and spelling, synonyms include megalokaryocyte and megacaryocyte.
2021 Czech Athletics Championships
The 2021 Czech Athletics Championships was the 52nd edition of the national championship in outdoor track and field for athletes in Czech Republic. It was held between 26 and 27 June at the Stadion Mládeže in Zlín.

Czech Athletics Championships
The Czech Athletics Championships (Czech: Mistrovství ČR v atletice) is an annual outdoor track and field competition organised by the Czech Athletics Federation, which serves at the national championship for the sport in the Czech Republic. It superseded the Czechoslovak Athletics Championships as the national championship in 1993, though the competition was hosted as a sub-national event prior to then. A Czech Championships was held in 1970, separate from the Czechoslovak event that year.
La Jolla Historical Society
The La Jolla Historical Society is a private 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization in the La Jolla community of San Diego, California, dedicated to promote the history and culture of the region's coastline.

Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego
The Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego (MCASD) is an art museum in La Jolla, a community of San Diego, California. It is focused on the collection, preservation, exhibition, and interpretation of works of art from 1950 to the present.
Afro-Cubans
Afro-Cubans (Spanish: Afrocubano) or Black Cubans are citizens of Cuba who have ancestry from any of the Black racial groups originating from Africa. The term Afro-Cuban can also refer to historical or cultural elements in Cuba associated with this community, and the combining of native African and other cultural elements found in Cuban society, such as race, religion, music, language, the arts and class culture.

Sonora Matancera
La Sonora Matancera is a Cuban band that played Latin American urban popular dance music. Founded in 1924 and led for more than five decades by guitarist, vocalist, composer, and producer Rogelio Martínez, musicologists consider it an icon of this type of music. Notable singers to have sung and recorded with the band include Bienvenido Granda, Daniel Santos, Myrta Silva, Miguelito Valdés, Leo Marini, Celia Cruz, Nelson Pinedo, Vicentico Valdés, Estanislao "Laíto" Sureda, Alberto Beltrán, Carlos Argentino, and Celio González.
Cents, Luxembourg
Cents (German pronunciation: [ˈtsɛnts]; Luxembourgish: Zens, pronounced [tsæns] ⓘ) is a district in eastern Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg.

As of 31 December 2025, the district has a population of 6,618 inhabitants. It is the only district of Luxembourg City where a majority of residents are of Luxembourgish nationality.

The area lies on the eastern side of the city, on an elevated area 60 metres above Clausen and Neudorf.

Districts of Luxembourg City
Districts (French: quartiers; Luxembourgish: Quartierën) are the administrative divisions of Luxembourg City, the capital and largest city in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

There are currently 24 districts, covering the commune of Luxembourg City in its entirety.  They are:
2003–04 UC Sampdoria season
UC Sampdoria returned to Serie A after a four year-absence, and immediately re-established itself as a team on the top half of the domestic championship. Goalkeeper Francesco Antonioli offered crucial experience, but apart from him did the bulk of the squad play in the 2002-03 Serie B, with top goalscorers Fabio Bazzani and Francesco Flachi quickly adjusting themselves to the higher pace of Serie A. Midfielders Sergio Volpi and Angelo Palombo also stood out. Right back Aimo Diana even earned a call-up to the national team following his performances.

Fabio Bazzani
Fabio Bazzani (Italian pronunciation: [ˈfaːbjo badˈdzaːni]; born 20 October 1976) is an Italian football coach and a former player who played as a striker. As a player, he was known in particular for his heading ability, as well his shooting accuracy and physical strength.
Troitske, Sievierodonetsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast
Troitske (Ukrainian: Троїцьке; Russian: Троицкое) is a village in the Sievierodonetsk Raion (district) of Luhansk Oblast in eastern Ukraine, on the banks of Luhan River. It was in Popasna Raion until that raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine.

During the War in Donbass the settlement has been under attacks of pro-Russian forces on multiple occasions. On 16 January 2019 five Ukrainian servicemen from the 72nd Mechanized Brigade were wounded, and five others were injured at the village when their truck, Ural-4320, was hit by anti-tank guided missiles from Kalynove.

Luhan River

Kalynove
Kalynove (Ukrainian: Калинове; Russian: Калиново) is a rural settlement in Kadiivka urban hromada, Alchevsk Raion (district), Luhansk Oblast (region), Ukraine, at about 62 km WSW from the centre of Luhansk city. Population: 2,926 (2022 estimate).

The settlement was taken under control of pro-Russian forces during the War in Donbass, that started in 2014.
James Martin Peebles
James Martin Peebles (March 23, 1822 – February 15, 1922) was an American physician and prolific author. He was also an organizer of many professional, medical, and psychic/spiritualist religious associations.

Banner of Light
The Banner of Light was an American spiritualist journal published weekly in newspaper format between 1857 and 1907, the longest lasting and most influential of such journals. It was based in Boston, but covered the movement across the US. The paper included a page that gave messages received by its resident medium, and letters from relatives confirming the authenticity of the messages. It also included articles on spiritualism, book reviews, transcripts of lectures delivered by prominent spiritualists, notices of meetings and letters from readers.
Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748)
The Congress of Aachen (French: Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle) was assembled on 24 April 1748 in the Free Imperial City of Aachen, in the west of the Holy Roman Empire, to conclude the struggle known as the War of Austrian Succession. Between 30 April and 21 May the preliminaries were agreed to between Great Britain, France, the Dutch Republic, and Maria Theresa, queen of Bohemia and Hungary. Sardinia, Spain, the Modena, and the Republic of Genoa successively gave their adhesion. The definitive treaty was signed on the 18th of October, Sardinia alone refusing to accede, because the Treaty of Worms was not guaranteed.

Treaty of Worms (1743)
The Treaty of Worms was a political alliance formed between Great Britain, Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia, signed on 13 September 1743, during the War of the Austrian Succession.

It was an ambitious piece of foreign policy on the part of the British government which sought to split the Emperor Charles VII, prince-elector of Bavaria, from French influence, whilst simultaneously resolving the differences between the Emperor, Queen Maria Theresa of Hungary and King Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia.
Ray Albano
Raymundo "Ray" Albano (1947–1985) was a Filipino curator, art critic, writer, poet, painter, and scholar who served as museum director of the Cultural Center of the Philippines from 1970 until his death in 1985.

Patrick D. Flores
Patrick Duarte Flores (Iloilo,1969) is a Filipino curator, critic, and professor. Born in the Philippines, he received degrees in humanities, art history, and Philippine studies at the University of the Philippines Diliman. He is a professor of Art Studies in the Department of Art Studies at the University of the Philippines and curator of the Vargas Museum in Manila. He was also a curator of the Arts Division, Philippine National Museum and curator of the Philippine Pavilion at the Venice Biennale in 2015. He was the artistic director of the 2019 Singapore Biennale.
John of Głogów
John of Głogów (Polish: Jan z Głogowa, Jan Głogowczyk; German: Johann von Schelling von Glogau) (c. 1445 – 11 February 1507) was a notable Polish polyhistor at the turn of the Middle Ages and Renaissance—a philosopher, geographer and astronomer at the University of Krakow.

Celestial spheres
The celestial spheres, or celestial orbs, were the fundamental entities of the cosmological models developed by Plato, Eudoxus, Aristotle, Ptolemy, Copernicus, and others. In these celestial models, the apparent motions of the fixed stars and planets are accounted for by treating them as embedded in rotating spheres made of an aetherial, transparent fifth element (quintessence), like gems set in orbs. Since it was believed that the fixed stars were unchanging in their positions relative to one another, it was argued that they must be on the surface of a single starry sphere.