hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) or veno-occlusive disease with immunodeficiency is a potentially life-threatening condition in which some of the small veins in the liver are obstructed. It is a complication of high-dose chemotherapy given before a bone marrow transplant or excessive exposure to hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. It is classically marked by weight gain due to fluid retention, increased liver size, and raised levels of bilirubin in the blood. The name sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is preferred if hepatic veno-occlusive disease happens as a result of chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation.

Apart from chemotherapy, hepatic veno-occlusive disease may also occur after ingestion of certain plant alkaloids such as pyrrolizidine alkaloids (in some herbal teas), and has been described as part of a rare hereditary disease called hepatic venoocclusive disease with immunodeficiency (which results from mutations in the gene coding for a protein called SP110).

Bilirubin
Bilirubin (BR) (adopted from German, originally bili, for bile, plus ruber, Latin for red) is a red-orange compound that occurs  as the reduction product of biliverdin, a breakdown product of heme.

It is further broken down in the colon to urobilinogen, most of which becomes stercobilin, causing the brown color of feces. Some unconverted urobilinogen, metabolised to urobilin, provides the straw-yellow color in urine.

Although bilirubin is usually found in animals rather than plants, at least one plant species, Strelitzia nicolai, is known to contain the pigment.
Rancho Catacula
Rancho Catacula was a 8,546-acre (34.58 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Napa County, California given in 1844 by Governor Manuel Micheltorena to Joseph Ballinger Chiles.  The grant was located along Chiles creek in the Chiles Valley east of St. Helena.

St. Helena, California
St. Helena (/həˈliːnə/ hə-LEE-nə) is a city in Napa County, California, United States. Located in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, the population was 5,430 at the 2020 census.

St. Helena is a popular tourist destination, owing to its vineyards and culinary scene. The city is the center of St. Helena American Viticultural Area (AVA), which expands 9,060 acres (14 sq mi) of the Napa Valley with over 400 vineyards encompassing 6,800 acres (2,800 ha) of cultivation. St. Helena is the location of The Culinary Institute of America at Greystone and a campus of Napa Valley College.
The Gorge '98
The Gorge '98 is a live box set by Vermont-based jam band Phish. Released on December 9, 2022, it documents their performances at the Gorge Amphitheatre in Grant County, Washington on July 16 and 17, 1998.

The Story of the Ghost
The Story of the Ghost is the seventh studio album by American rock band Phish, released by Elektra Records on October 27, 1998. The album features an emphasis on the jazz-funk influenced "cow-funk" style, which the group had been experimenting with in concert throughout 1997 and 1998. The album's first single was "Birds of a Feather", which was a Top 20 hit on Billboard magazine's Adult Alternative Songs chart. The album's cover was painted by visual artist George Condo.
2022 Mexico City Open
The 2022 Mexico City Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Mexico City, Mexico between 4 and 10 April 2022.

2022 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2022 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2022 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 184 tournaments with prize money ranging from $37,520 up to $159,360. It was the 45th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 14th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Danilo Ikodinović
Danilo “Dača” Ikodinović (Serbian Cyrillic: Данило Дача Икодиновић, born 4 October 1976) is a Serbian former professional water polo player who played on the bronze medal squad at the 2000 Summer Olympics (with Yugoslavia) and the silver medal squad at the 2004 Summer Olympics (with Serbia and Montenegro). He received a Golden Badge, award for the best athlete in Serbia and Montenegro.

Blood vessel
Blood vessels  are the tubular structures of a circulatory system transporting blood in animal bodies. Blood vessels transport blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to most of the tissues of a body, and also transport waste products and carbon dioxide away from the tissues. Some tissues – such as cartilage, epithelium, and the lens and cornea of the eye – are not supplied with blood vessels, so are termed avascular.

There are five types of blood vessels: the arteries, which carry the blood away from the heart; the arterioles; the capillaries, where the exchange of water and chemicals between the blood and tissues occurs; the venules; and the veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back towards the heart.

The word, vascular, is derived from the Latin vas, meaning vessel, and is used in reference to blood vessels.
Natural logarithm of 2
In mathematics, the natural logarithm of 2 is the unique real number argument such that the exponential function equals two. It appears frequently in various formulas and is also given by the alternating harmonic series. The decimal value of the natural logarithm of 2 (sequence A002162 in the OEIS) truncated at 30 decimal places is given by:

The logarithm of 2 in other bases is obtained with the formula

The common logarithm in particular is (OEIS: A007524)

The inverse of this number is the binary logarithm of 10:

(OEIS: A020862).

By the Lindemann–Weierstrass theorem, the natural logarithm of any natural number other than 0 and 1 (more generally, of any positive algebraic number other than 1) is a transcendental number. It is also contained in the ring of algebraic periods.

Period (number theory)
In mathematics, specifically number theory, a period or algebraic period is a complex number that can be expressed as an integral of an algebraic function over an algebraic domain. The periods are a class of numbers which includes, alongside the algebraic numbers, many well known mathematical constants such as the number π. Sums and products of periods remain periods, such that the periods  form a ring.

Maxim Kontsevich and Don Zagier gave a survey of periods and introduced some conjectures about them.

Periods play an important role in the theory of differential equations and transcendental numbers as well as in open problems of modern arithmetical algebraic geometry. They also appear when computing the integrals that arise from Feynman diagrams, and there has been intensive work trying to understand the connections.
Australian Ecology Research Award
The Australian Ecology Research Award (AERA) is an award presented by the Ecological Society of Australia for a specific body of recent ecological work by a mid-career researcher. Initiated in 2008, the AERA was inspired, in part, by the Robert H. MacArthur Award of the Ecological Society of America. The AERA is not restricted to any particular sector, and aims to recognize outstanding ecological research; nominations of researchers from academia, and the public and private sector agencies are invited annually.

The successful nominee is presented the AERA at the Annual Conference of the Ecological Society of Australia.

Robert H. MacArthur Award
The Robert H. MacArthur Award is a biennial prize given by the Ecological Society of America to ecologists for their pivotal contributions to their field. The acceptance speeches of many recipients have been given at the annual meeting of the society and subsequently published in the ESA's journal, Ecology.

The following is a self-descriptive quote taken from the Robert H. MacArthur Award page on the ESA's website: "The Robert H. MacArthur Award is given biennially to an established ecologist in mid-career for meritorious contributions to ecology, in the expectation of continued outstanding ecological research. Nominees may be from any country and need not be ESA members. The recipient is invited to prepare an address for presentation at the annual meeting of the society and for publication in Ecology."
Île-de-France tramway Line 12 Express
Île-de-France tramway Line T12 Express (known as the Tram-Train Évry-Massy and Tram Express Sud during the planning phase) is a suburban tram-train line in Paris, France. Designed by Île-de-France Mobilités and operated by Transkeo T12-T13 (a joint venture 51% owned by Keolis and 49% owned by SNCF Voyageurs), the line is 20 kilometres (12 miles) long and is projected to carry approximately 40,000 passengers per day. On 22 January 2014, the STIF published a plan presenting the commissioning of the line in 2020. Initially planned to open in 2020, the opening date of the line was postponed to 2022, and in May 2021, the opening date of T12 was delayed again to December 2023. The line opened on 10 December 2023.

Citadis
Citadis is a family of low-floor trams and light rail vehicles built by Alstom. As of 2025, over 8,000 Citadis trams have been ordered, with operations in over 140 cities on all six inhabited continents. An evolution of Alstom's earlier TFS vehicle, most Citadis vehicles are made in Alstom's factories in La Rochelle and Valenciennes, France, and in Barcelona, Spain, and Annaba, Algeria.
G1 Climax 34
The G1 Climax 34 was a professional wrestling tournament promoted by New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). The tournament commenced on July 20 and concluded on August 18, 2024. It was the thirty-fourth edition of G1 Climax and the fiftieth edition of the tournament counting its previous forms under different names.

Considered NJPW's most important tournament, the G1 Climax features 20 wrestlers, divided into two blocks of ten ("A" and "B"). Each participant faces all nine other wrestlers within the same block in singles matches. The 2024 tournament saw a return to 20 participants split into two 10-man blocks for the first time since 2021.

G1 Climax
The G1 (Grade One) Climax (G1（グレードワン）クライマックス, Gurēdo Wan Kuraimakkusu) is a professional wrestling tournament held each August by the New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) promotion. Though it has sometimes been held as a single-elimination tournament, it is usually – and currently – held as a round-robin, with the most victorious wrestlers in each pool wrestling in a short tournament to decide that year's winner. Since 2012, the winner of the tournament earns the right to challenge for the IWGP World Heavyweight Championship at the following January's Wrestle Kingdom show.

In its current format, the tournament lasts four weeks. The winner of each pool is determined by a points system; two points for a victory, one point for a draw, and zero points for a loss or no contest. Under the current format, double decisions (such as double count-outs or double disqualifications) are treated as draws.
1983 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1983 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Meran, Italy under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for a record-tying third time, matching the record set by Spittal, Austria (1963, 1965, 1977). It was the 18th edition. Meran hosted the event previously in 1953 and 1971. The mixed C2 event was discontinued and the program remained unchanged until the 2009 Championships.

1965 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1965 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Spittal an der Drau, Austria under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the second time in a row after hosting the event previously in 1963. It was the 9th edition. It also marked some changes in which the folding kayak events were replaced by standard kayaks for the men's and women's events. Additionally, the mixed C2 team event returned for the first time since 1957.
2019 Antigua Guatemala mayoral election
The 2019 Antigua Guatemala mayoral election was held on 16 June 2019.

The elections will be held next to the presidential, legislative, municipal and Central American Parliament elections.

The current mayor Susana Asensio is not running for re-election. She does not have the legal requirements to qualify for re-election. Asensio was elected mayor in 2015 with a civic committee called "Antigua en Buenas Manos" (English: Antigua in Good Hands).

2019 Guatemalan general election
General elections were held in Guatemala on 16 June 2019, to elect the president, Congress and local councils. A second round of the presidential elections was held on 11 August 2019, since no candidate won a majority in the first round. Alejandro Giammattei won the election in the second round of voting.

Incumbent President Jimmy Morales was constitutionally barred from running for a second four-year term.
Edward Fitz-Symon
Edward Fitz-Symon (c. 1530–1593) was a leading Irish barrister and judge of the Elizabethan era. He held the offices of Attorney General for Ireland and Serjeant-at-law (Ireland) and was very briefly Master of the Rolls in Ireland. Despite his appointment to these senior offices, he was derided by his contemporaries as being a man of "mean learning". His family were Lords of the Manor of Baldoyle for several generations.

Master of the Rolls (Ireland)
The Master of the Rolls in Ireland was a senior judicial office in the Irish Chancery under English and British rule, and was equivalent to the Master of the Rolls in the English Chancery. Originally called the Keeper of the Rolls, he was responsible for the safekeeping of the Chancery records such as close rolls and patent rolls. The office was created by letters patent in 1333, the first holder of the office being Edmund de Grimsby. As the Irish bureaucracy expanded, the duties of the Master of the Rolls came to be performed by subordinates and the position became a sinecure which was awarded to political allies of the Dublin Castle administration. In the nineteenth century, it became a senior judicial appointment, ranking second within the Court of Chancery behind the Lord Chancellor of Ireland. The post was abolished by the Courts of Justice Act 1924, passed by the Irish Free State established in 1922.
American Base Hospital No. 116
American Base Hospital No. 116 was an American military hospital formed in New York City, United States. During the First World War the hospital moved to Bazoilles-sur-Meuse, Department Vosges, in the advance section, France where it was set up to deal with war casualties.

United States Government Publishing Office
The United States Government Publishing Office (USGPO or GPO), formerly the United States Government Printing Office, is an agency of the legislative branch of the United States federal government. The office produces and distributes information products and services for all three branches of the Federal Government, including U.S. passports for the Department of State as well as the official publications of the Supreme Court, the Congress, the Executive Office of the President, executive departments, and independent agencies.

An act of Congress changed the office's name to its current form in 2014.
Espanola, Ontario
Espanola (2021 population census 5,185) is a town in Northern Ontario, Canada, in the Sudbury District. It is situated on the Spanish River, approximately 70 kilometres (43 mi) west of downtown Sudbury, and just south of the junction of Highway 6 and Highway 17.

The town is where the first experimental rules for the sport of ringette were created in 1963 by Mirl Arthur "Red" McCarthy using a group of local high school girls. Today, Espanola is considered "The Home of Ringette" while North Bay, Ontario, is considered "The Birthplace of Ringette" though the title is often shared by both.

North Bay, Ontario
North Bay is a city in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is the seat of Nipissing District and takes its name from its position on the shore of Lake Nipissing. It developed as a railroad centre and its airport was an important military location during the Cold War.
Üxheim
Üxheim is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Gerolstein, whose seat is in the like-named town. The outlying centre of Niederehe is a state-recognized recreational resort (Erholungsort).

Gerolstein
Gerolstein (German pronunciation: [ˈɡeːʁɔlˌʃtaɪn] ⓘ) is a town in the Vulkaneifel district of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Gerolstein is a local municipality of the Verbandsgemeinde Gerolstein. It has been approved as a Luftkurort (spa town).
NFL All-Time Team
The following NFL All-Time Anniversary Teams have been selected during the National Football League's history:

NFL 50th Anniversary All-Time Team, selected in 1969

NFL 75th Anniversary All-Time Team, selected in 1994

NFL 100th Anniversary All-Time Team, selected in 2019

NFL 100th Anniversary All-Time Team
The National Football League 100th Anniversary All-Time Team was voted on by a panel consisting of media members, former players and league personnel in 2019 to honor the greatest players of the first 100 years of the National Football League (NFL).

When the team was announced, members Tom Brady, Larry Fitzgerald, and Adam Vinatieri were the only active players and Bill Belichick the only active head coach. It also included Rob Gronkowski, who was retired in 2019, but returned to NFL play in 2020 and 2021. Brady was the sole remaining active player when he retired after the 2022 NFL season. Johnny Unitas, Jim Brown, Gale Sayers, Don Hutson, Gino Marchetti, and Dick "Night Train" Lane are also part of the NFL 50th Anniversary All-Time Team and the NFL 75th Anniversary All-Time Team. Chuck Bednarik is on the 50th and 100th Anniversary teams and the 75th Anniversary Two Way Team.
History of Portland, Maine
The History of Portland, Maine, begins when Native Americans originally called the Portland peninsula Məkíhkanək meaning "At the fish hook" in Penobscot and Machigonne (meaning "Great Neck") in Algonquian. The peninsula and surrounding areas were home to members of the Algonquian-speaking Aucocisco branch of the Eastern Abenaki tribe, who died largely due to the introduction of foreign illnesses during colonization. Some were forcibly relocated to current day New Hampshire and Canada during European settlement.

St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad
The St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad (reporting mark SLR), known as St-Laurent et Atlantique Quebec (reporting mark SLQ) in Canada, is a short-line railway operating between Portland, Maine, on the Atlantic Ocean, and Montreal, Quebec, on the St. Lawrence River. It crosses the Canada–US border at Norton, Vermont, and Stanhope, Quebec, and is owned by short-line operator Genesee & Wyoming.

The line was built by the Atlantic and St. Lawrence Railroad in the U.S. and the St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railway in Canada, meeting at Island Pond, Vermont, south of the international border. Major communities served include Portland and Lewiston in Maine; Berlin, New Hampshire; Island Pond, Vermont; and Sherbrooke and Montreal in Quebec.
Upper Midwest Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament
The Upper Midwest Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament is the annual conference basketball championship tournament for the NCAA Division III Upper Midwest Athletic Conference. The tournament has been held annually since 1999. It is a single-elimination tournament and seeding is based on regular season records.

The winner receives the UMAC's automatic bid to the NCAA Men's Division III Basketball Championship.

Upper Midwest Athletic Conference
The Upper Midwest Athletic Conference (UMAC) is an intercollegiate athletic conference that competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III since the 2008–09 season. Corey Borchardt is the current commissioner of the UMAC, and was appointed to the position in 2008.  The UMAC was started in 1972 as the Twin Rivers Conference, and assumed its current name in 1983. Member institutions are located in Minnesota and Wisconsin.

The UMAC sponsors intercollegiate competition in men's baseball, men's and women's basketball, men's and women's cross country, men's football, men's and women's golf, men's and women's soccer, women's softball, men's and women's tennis, men's and women's indoor and outdoor track and field, and women's volleyball.

Greenville College and Westminster College became associate members of the UMAC in football in 2009, followed by Finlandia University in 2021.

In March 2023, Finlandia announced it was closing.
Intragroup conflict
In: sociology, group dynamics, intragroup conflict refers to conflict, confrontation, disagreement  between two or more members of the same group or team the consequence or result of which could be either positive (beneficial) or negative. The term infighting has a similar usage of inner-group disagreement but with the combatative connotation, fighting,   the dynamics of which are termed agonistic behaviour. Usage of the term internecine fighting as intragroup includes war.

Group dynamics
Group dynamics is a system of behaviors and psychological processes occurring within a social group (intragroup dynamics), or between social groups (intergroup dynamics). The study of group dynamics can be useful in understanding decision-making behavior, tracking the spread of diseases in society, creating effective therapy techniques, and following the emergence and popularity of new ideas and technologies. These applications of the field are studied in psychology, sociology, anthropology, political science, epidemiology, education, social work, leadership studies, business and managerial studies, as well as communication studies.
Christian Medical Fellowship
The Christian Medical Fellowship (CMF), founded in 1949, is an evangelical, interdenominational organisation for Christian doctors, medical students, nurses and midwives in the United Kingdom. The organisation campaigns for and promotes traditional Christian values within the British medical sector, and publishes two journals, Triple Helix (for doctors) and Nucleus (for students), several smaller publications, and some books. CMF organises local and national conferences and promotes and supports Christian medical mission overseas.

CMF is linked to similar organisations in many countries through the International Christian Medical and Dental Association and the Universities and Colleges Christian Fellowship for its medical students.

Universities and Colleges Christian Fellowship
Universities and Colleges Christian Fellowship (UCCF; also UCCF: The Christian Unions) is an evangelical Christian student movement with affiliate groups on university campuses in the United Kingdom. It is a member of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students. The UCCF endorses a conservative evangelical form of Christian theology.

The Christian Unions provide opportunities for fellowship, bible study and evangelism, with nearly 40,000 students attending outreach events each year.
Kysyl-Yuryuyya
Kysyl-Yuryuyya (Russian: Кысыл-Юрюйя; Yakut: Кыһыл Үрүйэ, Kıhıl Ürüye) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kachikatsky Rural Okrug of Khangalassky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 20 kilometers (12 mi) from Pokrovsk, the administrative center of the district, and 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) from Kachikattsy, the administrative center of the rural okrug. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 270; down from 273 recorded in the 2002 Census.

Kachikattsy
Kachikattsy (Russian: Качикатцы; Yakut: Хачыкаат, romanized: Xaçıkaat) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kachikatsky Rural Okrug in Khangalassky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, 27 kilometers (17 mi) from Pokrovsk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 1,184.