hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bagnone
Bagnone is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Massa and Carrara in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northwest of Florence and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Massa in the Lunigiana, facing the Monte Sillara, which has a peak elevation of 1,861 metres (6,106 ft). The Bagnone torrent crosses the Communal territory, a left affluence of the Magra River.

Sights include the castle, the churches of San Niccolò (rebuilt in the 18th century, including a 15th-century Madonna del Pianto from the medieval edifice) and San Leonardo (1785) and the oratory of San Terenzio (housing 17th-century paintings).

On 22 August 2009, a lottery player from Bagnone won an estimated €146.9 million (£128 million / US$211 million) in Italy's SuperEnalotto. This is considered Europe's biggest ever lottery win.

Massa, Tuscany
Massa  (Italian: [ˈmassa] ⓘ; Emilian: Masa) is a town and comune in Tuscany, central Italy, the administrative centre of the province of Massa and Carrara. It is located in the Frigido River Valley, near the Alpi Apuane, 5 km (3 mi) from the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Timeline of Crayola
The following is a partial timeline of Crayola's history. It covers the Crayola brand of marking utensils, as well as the history of Binney & Smith, the company that created the brand and is currently a subsidiary of Hallmark Cards known as Crayola LLC.

Crayon
A crayon (or wax pastel) is a stick of pigmented wax used for writing or drawing. Wax crayons differ from pastels, in which the pigment is mixed with a dry binder such as gum arabic, and from oil pastels, where the binder is a mixture of wax and oil.

Crayons are available in a range of prices, and are easy to work with. They are less messy than most paints and markers, blunt (removing the risk of sharp points present when using a pencil or pen), typically non-toxic, and available in a wide variety of colors. These characteristics make them particularly good instruments for teaching small children to draw in addition to being used widely by student and professional artists.
Denison and Washita Valley Railway
The Denison and Washita Valley Railway (D&WV) existed from 1886 to 1903.  It had disconnected trackage, partially around Denison, Texas, and partially in a coal mining area in what is now Oklahoma with a line running between Atoka and Coalgate.

Denison, Texas
Denison is a city in Grayson County, Texas, United States, 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the Texas–Oklahoma border. Its population was 24,479 at the 2020 census, up from 22,682 at the 2010 census. Denison is part of the Texoma region and is one of two principal cities in the Sherman–Denison metropolitan statistical area. It is the birthplace of 34th U.S. president Dwight D. Eisenhower.
EV Nautilus
EV Nautilus is a 68-meter (223 ft) research vessel owned by the Ocean Exploration Trust under the direction of Robert Ballard, the researcher known for finding the wreck of the Titanic and the German battleship Bismarck. The vessel's home port is at the AltaSea facility in San Pedro in the Port of Los Angeles, California. Nautilus is equipped with a team of remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), Hercules, Argus, Little Hercules, and Atalanta, a multibeam mapping system, and mapping tools Diana and Echo, allowing it to conduct deep sea exploration of the ocean to a depth of 4,000 meters (13,000 ft).

Research vessel
A research vessel (RV or R/V) is a ship or boat designed, modified, or equipped to carry out research at sea. Research vessels carry out a number of roles which can be combined into a single vessel but others require a dedicated vessel. Due to the demanding nature of the work, research vessels may be constructed around an icebreaker hull, allowing them to operate in polar waters.
Anna Górnicka-Antonowicz
Anna Górnicka-Antonowicz (born 24 June 1968) is a Polish orienteering competitor. She received a bronze medal in the short distance at the 2000 European Orienteering Championships in Truskavets, behind Jenny Johansson and Simone Luder. Her best result in the World Championships was 8th in the middle distance in 2003.

Simone Niggli-Luder
Simone Niggli-Luder (born 9 January 1978) is a Swiss orienteering athlete who has twice won (in 2003 and 2005) all four women's competitions at the world championships. She is widely seen as one of the greatest orienteers of all time.
Notre-Dame Cathedral Basilica
The Notre-Dame Cathedral Basilica is a Roman Catholic minor basilica in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada located on 385 Sussex Drive in the Lower Town neighbourhood. It was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1990.

The basilica is the oldest and largest church in Ottawa and the seat of the city's Roman Catholic archbishop. Its twin spires and gilded Madonna are easily identifiable from nearby Parliament Hill and the surrounding area. The church was last renovated and restored in the late 1990s. Services are held in both French and English. Its Easter and Christmas masses are telecast nationally on Salt+Light Television every year.

Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate
The Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (OMI) is a missionary religious congregation in the Catholic Church. It was founded on January 25, 1816, by Eugène de Mazenod, a French priest later recognized as a Catholic saint. The congregation was given recognition by Pope Leo XII on February 17, 1826. As of January 2020, the congregation was composed of 3,631 priests and lay brothers usually living in community. Their traditional salutation is Laudetur Iesus Christus ('Praised be Jesus Christ'), to which the response is Et Maria Immaculata ('And Mary Immaculate'). Members use the post-nominal letters "OMI".

As part of its mission to evangelize the "abandoned poor", OMI are known for their mission among the Indigenous peoples of Canada, and their historic administration of at least 57 schools within the Canadian Indian residential school system. Some of those schools have been associated with cases of child abuse by Oblate clergy and staff.: 399–452
McDonnell Douglas MD-12
The McDonnell Douglas MD-12 was a large wide-body airliner concept planned by McDonnell Douglas in the 1990s. It was first conceived as a trijet larger than the MD-11, then stretched to a quadjet airliner.  It was to be similar in size to the Boeing 747, but with greater passenger capacity through two full-length passenger decks. However, the MD-12 received no orders and was canceled. McDonnell Douglas then studied larger MD-11 derivatives named MD-XX without proceeding.

Four-engined jet aircraft
A four-engined jet, sometimes called a quadjet, is a jet aircraft powered by four engines. The presence of four engines offers increased power and redundancy, allowing such aircraft to be used as airliners, freighters, and military aircraft. Many of the first purpose-built jet airliners had four engines, among which stands the de Havilland Comet, the world's first commercial jetliner. In the decades following their introduction, their use has gradually declined due to a variety of factors, including the approval of twin-engine jets to fly farther from diversion airports as reliability increased, and an increased emphasis on fuel efficiency.
Chariot (comics)
Chariot is a 2021 science fiction comic book limited series created by writer Bryan Edward Hill and artist Priscilla Petraites. It was published by AWA Studios under their Upshot imprint and ran for 5 issues, being collected in trade paperback form in October 2021.

Science fiction comics
Publication of comic strips and comic books focusing on science fiction became increasingly common during the early 1930s in newspapers published in the United States. They have since spread to many countries around the world.
XTE J1550−564
XTE J1550−564, sometimes abbreviated to J1550 and also known as V381 Normae, is a low-mass X-ray binary in the constellation Norma. It is composed of a black hole around 10 times as massive as the Sun, and a star of spectral type K3III. The black hole fires out jets of matter that are thought to arise from an accretion disk, and is hence known as a microquasar.

Microquasar
A microquasar, a smaller version of a quasar, is a compact region surrounding a stellar black hole with a mass several times that of its companion star, observable in sufficient detail, in our own or nearby galaxy. The matter being pulled from the companion star forms an accretion disk around the black hole. This accretion disk may become so hot, due to friction, that it begins to emit X-rays. The disk also projects narrow streams or "jets" of subatomic particles at near-light speed, generating a strong radio wave emission.
Lumber Workers Industrial Union of Canada
The Lumber Workers Industrial Union of Canada was a trade union of lumberjacks in Canada. LWIUC was founded in Sault Ste. Marie 1924 by Finnish communists, who were dissatisfied with the Lumber Workers Industrial Union of the Industrial Workers of the World and the OBU. The two founding national secretaries of LWIUC were Alfred Hautamäki and Kalle Salo, both Finns. A prominent figure in the founding of LWIUC was A. T. Hill, a former wobblie and the leader of the Finnish section of the Communist Party of Canada. Overall, LWIUC maintained strong links with the Communist Party. Through the halls run by the Finnish Organization of Canada (an organization that was collectively affiliated with the Workers' Party of Canada, the legal front of the Communist Party), LWIUC rapidly gained thousands of members. The headquarters of the LWIUC were initially at Port Arthur.

Finnish Organization of Canada
Finnish Organization of Canada (FOC, Finnish: Kanadan Suomalainen Järjestö) is a Finnish Canadian cultural organization. It was established in 1911 as the Finnish Socialist Organization of Canada (Kanadan Suomalainen Sosialistinen Järjestö). FOC is the oldest nationwide cultural organization for Finns in Canada. It was first connected with Social Democratic Party of Canada and later with Communist Party of Canada. Today FOC is no longer associated with politics. It has fewer than 200 members, who are mostly senior citizens in the areas of Toronto, Vancouver, Sudbury and Thunder Bay.
2016 RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas
The 2016 RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 19th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Dallas, United States between 1 and 6 February 2016.

RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas
The RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas (formerly known as Challenger of Dallas) was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hardcourts. It was part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It was held annually at the T Bar M Racquet Club in Dallas, United States, from 1998 until 2020.

Former RBC Tennis Championships of Dallas players include former world No.1 and 16-time doubles Grand Slam winners, Mike and Bob Bryan, 2014 Wimbledon doubles champions Jack Sock and Vasek Pospisil, U.S. Open finalists Kei Nishikori and Taylor Fritz, Career Golden Slam achiever Daniel Nestor, ATP Masters Cup finalist James Blake, Kyle Edmund,  Steve Johnson and Frances Tiafoe.
1980 NCAA Division I golf championship
The 1980 NCAA Division I Golf Championship was the 42nd annual NCAA-sanctioned golf tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate golf at the Division I level in the United States.

The tournament was held at the Ohio State University Golf Club in Columbus, Ohio.

Oklahoma State won the team championship, the Cowboys' third NCAA title and first since 1981.

Jay Don Blake, from Utah State, won the individual title.

1978 NCAA Division I golf championship
The 1978 NCAA Division I Golf Championship was the 40th annual NCAA-sanctioned golf tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate golf at the University Division level in the United States.

The tournament was held at the Eugene Country Club in Eugene, Oregon.

Oklahoma State won the team championship, the Cowboys' second NCAA title.

David Edwards, also from Oklahoma State, won the individual title.
Righteous armies
In Korean history, righteous armies (Korean: 의병), sometimes translated as irregular armies or militias, mainly refers to civilian armed organizations that were spontaneously formed to fight against foreign invasions, such as the Imjin War and the Qing invasion of Joseon. The Righteous armies under the Korean Empire also followed this trend; they did not have proper weapons, but fought against Japanese imperialism.

Hapcheon County
Hapcheon County (Hapcheon-gun) is a county in South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea.

Located in northwestern South Gyeongsang Province, the county is surrounded by Changnyeong as well as Euiryeong to the Southeast, Geochang as well as Sancheong-gun to the West. High and precipitous hills are densely situated and the eastern part is flatter by the flowing streams of the Nakdong River.

Famous people born in the county include former South Korean president Chun Doo-hwan.
1851 in Australia
1851 in Australia was a watershed year. It saw the start of the Australian gold rushes with significant gold discoveries in both New South Wales (near Bathurst) in February and Victoria in July. As a result of the Gold Rushes, the European population of Victoria increased from 97,489 in 1851 to 538,628 in 1861 and the population of NSW increased from 197,265 in 1851 to 350,860 in 1861. Victoria became a self-governing colony. Sentiment in the eastern Australian colonies moved decisively against penal transportation leading to the end of transportation to Tasmania in 1853. Melbourne's major suburb/satellite city in the Dandenong Ranges, Belgrave was first settled, making it the oldest town in the Dandenong Ranges.

William Denison
Sir William Thomas Denison (3 May 1804 – 19 January 1871) was Lieutenant Governor of Van Diemen's Land from 1847 to 1855, Governor of New South Wales from 1855 to 1861, and Governor of Madras from 1861 to 1866.

According to Percival Serle, Denison was a man of high character and a good administrator. In his early days in Tasmania he spoke too frankly about the colonists in communications which he regarded as confidential, and this accentuated the feeling against him as a representative of the colonial office during the anti-transportation and responsible government movements. He showed great interest in the life of the colony, and helped to foster education, science and trade, during the period when Tasmania was developing into a prosperous colony. In New South Wales his task was easier, and he had no difficulty in coping adequately with the problems that arose during the early days of responsible government in Australia.
U.S. Snowboarding Grand Prix
The U.S. Snowboarding Grand Prix was created in 1996 by U.S. Snowboarding with snowboarding progression as a top priority. This annual competition series utilizes top resorts from across the United States to host world-class snowboarding competitions which draw the best male and female riders in the world. It was the first domestic competition series to offer equal prize money to male and female competitors and is now the official qualifying series for making the U.S. Olympic Team for halfpipe.

U.S. Snowboarding
U.S. Snowboarding, the snowboarding arm of the United States Ski and Snowboard Association (USSA), is committed to the progression of snowboarding by providing athletic programs, services, and competitions for male and female athletes of all ages, coast-to-coast. Since the inclusion of snowboarding as a medal sport in 1998, U.S. Snowboarding has accounted for 14 Olympic medals, including the sweep of the podium in men’s halfpipe in 2002 and a best in the world performance of seven medals in 2006.
Ezechiel Webbe
Ezechiel Webbe (9 July 1658 – 13 September 1704) was an Anglican priest in Ireland at the end of 17th and the beginning of the 18th centuries.

Webbe was born in Athlone and educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford and Trinity College, Dublin. He was Archdeacon of Kildare from  1675 to 1681.  Webbe was appointed  Dean of Limerick in 1691 and Archdeacon of Aghadoe in 1692, holding both posts until his death.

Archdeacon of Aghadoe
The Archdeacon of Aghadoe was a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Anglican Diocese of Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe from the mid thirteenth century to the early 20th.  As such he was responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy  within his part of the Diocese of Ardfert (until 1666); and then the combined diocese of Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe.

The archdeaconry can trace its history back to Dionysius, who was mentioned as being archdeacon when he was appointed to Bishop of Aghadoe in 1266. Two incumbents  went on to hold other high offices:James Bland who became Dean of Ardfert and Alexander Arbuthnot who went on to be Dean of Cloyne then Bishop of Killaloe and Kilfenora. The last discrete incumbent was John George Fahy.
Cessange
Cessange (French pronunciation: [sɛsɑ̃ʒ]; Luxembourgish: Zéisseng [ˈtsɜɪ̯seŋ] ⓘ; German: Zessingen [ˈtsɛsɪŋən]) is a district in south-western Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg.

Most of the district is covered by open fields to the south-west of Luxembourg City proper.  At the centre of the district is the Croix de Cessange: a motorway junction between the A4 and the A6.  Next to the intersection is Stade Boy Konen, which plays host to FC CeBra 01, Rugby Club Luxembourg, and the Luxembourg national rugby union team.

Districts of Luxembourg City
Districts (French: quartiers; Luxembourgish: Quartierën) are the administrative divisions of Luxembourg City, the capital and largest city in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

There are currently 24 districts, covering the commune of Luxembourg City in its entirety.  They are:
Roysh Here, Roysh Now... The Teenage Dirtbag Years
Roysh Here, Roysh Now… The Teenage Dirtbag Years is a 2001 novel by Irish journalist and author Paul Howard, and the second in the Ross O'Carroll-Kelly series.

The title refers to the Fatboy Slim song "Right Here, Right Now" and the Wheatus song "Teenage Dirtbag".

Ross O'Carroll-Kelly
Ross O'Carroll-Kelly is a satirical fictional Irish character, a wealthy South County Dublin rugby union jock created by journalist Paul Howard. The character first appeared in a January 1998 column in the Sunday Tribune newspaper and later transferred to The Irish Times. The series comprises twenty-one novels, three plays, a CD, two other books, a weekly podcast, and the newspaper column, as of 2023.
Architecture of Sardinia
The architecture of Sardinia reflects the history of the island and the cultures that have inhabited it since its first-known constructions in 4000 B.C. An especially distinctive element of Sardinian architecture is the presence of Nuraghes and other buildings constructed by the Nuragic civilization.

Necropolis
A necropolis (pl.: necropolises, necropoles, necropoleis, necropoli) is a large, designed cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments. The name stems from the Ancient Greek νεκρόπολις nekropolis (lit. 'city of the dead').

The term usually implies a separate burial site at a distance from a city, as opposed to tombs within cities, which were common in various places and periods of history. They are different from grave fields, which did not have structures or markers above the ground. While the word is most commonly used for ancient sites, the name was revived in the early 19th century and applied to planned city cemeteries, such as the Glasgow Necropolis.
Dust in the Sun
Dust in the Sun is a 1958 Eastmancolor Australian mystery film adapted from the 1955 novel Justin Bayard by Jon Cleary and produced by the team of Lee Robinson and Chips Rafferty. The film stars British actress Jill Adams, Ken Wayne and an Indigenous Australian actor Robert Tudawali as Emu Foot.

It was the first flop from Robinson and Rafferty, after three successful films.

Walk Into Paradise
Walk Into Paradise (also known as Walk Into Hell) is a 1956 French-Australian international co-production adventure film directed by Lee Robinson and Marcello Pagliero and starring Chips Rafferty and Françoise Christophe. It was shot on location in the highlands of Papua New Guinea and was one of the most popular Australian films ever made until that date.
Ulooloo, South Australia
Ulooloo is a locality in the Mid North of South Australia. It is midway between Burra and Peterborough on the Barrier Highway from Adelaide to Broken Hill, New South Wales.

The locality is predominantly on the east side of the highway, however the former railway station and post office on the Peterborough railway line were on the western side of the highway.

Ulooloo was the site of a goldfield in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Today, the major industry is sheep farming, including a Dohne sheep stud.

Ulooloo had two schools: one that operated from 1888 to 1906 and one that operated from 1928 to 1940.

The historic Ulooloo Homesteads, Dairies and Hut are listed on the South Australian Heritage Register.

Mid North
The Mid North is a region of South Australia, north of the Adelaide Plains and south of the Far North and the outback. It is generally accepted to extend from Spencer Gulf east to the Barrier Highway, including the coastal plain, the southern part of the Flinders Ranges, and the northern part of the Mount Lofty Ranges. The Temperate Grassland of South Australia cover most of the area.
Blue screen of death
The blue screen of death (BSoD) –  or blue screen error, blue screen, fatal error, bugcheck, and officially known as a stop error – is a critical error screen displayed by many iterations of Microsoft Windows operating systems. It is used to indicate a system crash, in which the operating system reaches a critical condition where it can no longer operate safely. Its name comes from the blue colored background used predominately on the error screens found in the majority of Windows releases, which was changed to black starting with Windows 11 version 24H2.

Possible issues contributing to a BSoD may include hardware failures, an issue with or without a device driver, viruses, malware, and other factors such as intentional user action.

DOS
DOS (/dɒs/, /dɔːs/) is a family of disk-based operating systems for IBM PC compatible computers. It primarily consists of IBM PC DOS and a rebranded version, Microsoft's MS-DOS, both of which were introduced in 1981. Later, compatible systems from other manufacturers are DR-DOS (1988), ROM-DOS (1989), PTS-DOS (1993), and FreeDOS (1994). MS-DOS dominated the IBM PC compatible market between 1981 and 1995.

Although the name has come to be identified specifically with MS-DOS and compatible operating systems, DOS is a platform-independent acronym for disk operating system, whose use predates the IBM PC. Dozens of other operating systems also use the acronym, beginning with the mainframe DOS/360 from 1966. Others include Apple DOS, Apple ProDOS, Atari DOS, Commodore DOS, TRSDOS, and AmigaDOS.
Krasnoarmeysky constituency (Krasnodar Krai)
The Krasnoarmeysky constituency (No.47) is a Russian legislative constituency in Krasnodar Krai. The constituency covers western Krasnodar and its suburbs, as well as several rural districts in central Krasnodar Krai.

The constituency has been represented since 2016 by United Russia deputy Dmitry Lameykin, former Member of Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai and journalist.

Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai
The Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai (Russian: Законодательное собрание Краснодарского края, ЗСК, romanized: Zakonodatel'noye sobraniye Krasnodarskogo kraya, ZSK) is the regional parliament of Krasnodar Krai, a federal subject of Russia. The assembly exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it.

The assembly consists of 70 deputies elected for a term of five years; 35 members are elected by single-member constituencies and another 35 deputies are elected in party lists.