hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
British protectorate
British protectorates were protectorates under the jurisdiction of the British government. Many territories which became British protectorates already had local rulers with whom the Crown negotiated through treaty, acknowledging their status whilst simultaneously offering protection. British protectorates were therefore governed by indirect rule. In most cases, the local ruler, as well as the subjects of the ruler, were not British subjects, but rather British protected persons. British protected states represented a more loose form of British suzerainty, where the local rulers retained absolute control over the states' internal affairs and the British exercised control over defence and foreign affairs.

Protectorate of Uganda
The Protectorate of Uganda was a protectorate of the British Empire from 1894 to 1962. In 1893 the Imperial British East Africa Company transferred its administration rights of territory consisting mainly of the Kingdom of Buganda to the British government.

In 1894 the Uganda Protectorate was established, and the territory was extended beyond the borders of Buganda to an area that roughly corresponds to that of present-day Uganda.
9 Pegasi
9 Pegasi (9 Peg) is a supergiant star in the constellation Pegasus. Its apparent magnitude is 4.35.

9 Pegasi is defined and used as an MK standard star for the spectral type G5 Ib. It is a yellow supergiant nearly two thousand times more luminous than the sun and sixty times larger. It has been reported to be slightly variable and is listed in the New Catalogue of Suspected Variable Stars with a magnitude range of 4.20 to 4.35.

9 Pegasi does not have a Bayer designation although it is brighter than several stars in Pegasus that do such as τ, φ, and σ Pegasi, because it was included in the constellation Battery of Volta, along with 1 Pegasi. It is the 9th star numbered by Flamsteed in order of right ascension.  In the 1795 French-language Fortin-Flamsteed edition of the Atlas Coelestis, 9 Pegasi is labelled with the letter "g".

Pegasus (constellation)
Pegasus is a constellation in the northern sky, named after the winged horse Pegasus in Greek mythology. It was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and is one of the 88 constellations recognised today. It lies just north of the celestial equator.

With an apparent magnitude varying between 2.37 and 2.45, the brightest star in Pegasus is the orange supergiant Epsilon Pegasi, also known as Enif, which marks the horse's muzzle. Alpha (Markab), Beta (Scheat), and Gamma (Algenib), together with Alpha Andromedae (Alpheratz) form the large asterism known as the Square of Pegasus. Twelve star systems have been found to have exoplanets.

51 Pegasi was the first Sun-like star discovered to have an exoplanet companion. It is just over 50 light years distance.
Louisiana Railroad Bridge
The Louisiana Railroad Bridge carries a single track rail line across the Mississippi River between Louisiana, Missouri and Pike County, Illinois, United States. Built by the Chicago and Alton Railroad, the structure is currently owned by the Canadian Pacific Kansas City following a series of sales and consolidation in the railroad industry.

Alton Railroad
The Alton Railroad (reporting mark A) was the final name of a railroad linking Chicago to Alton, Illinois; St. Louis, Missouri; and Kansas City, Missouri. Its predecessor, the Chicago and Alton Railroad (reporting mark C&A), was purchased by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in 1931 and was controlled until 1942 when the Alton was released to the courts. On May 31, 1947, the Alton Railroad was merged into the Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad. Jacob Bunn had been one of the founding reorganizers of the Chicago & Alton Railroad Company during the 1860s.

Main lines included Chicago to St. Louis and a branch to Kansas City. The former is now part of Union Pacific, with Metra Heritage Corridor commuter rail service north of Joliet (owned by the Canadian National Railway but used by UP). Today, the Kansas City line is part of the CPKC system.
RNLB Mary Stanford (ON 661)
RNLB Mary Stanford (ON 661) was a Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) Liverpool-class pulling and sailing type lifeboat stationed in Rye Harbour. On 15 November 1928 the Mary Stanford capsized, drowning the entire crew of 17.

Liverpool-class P&S lifeboat
The Liverpool-class P&S lifeboats were a series of 38 non-self-righting lifeboats commissioned by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) between 1895 and 1916, based on the "Liverpool" lifeboats operated by the Liverpool Dock Trustees, between 1775 and 1892. They were 'Pulling and Sailing' (P&S) types (i.e. powered by oars and sails), not to be confused with the later single or twin-engined Liverpool-class motor lifeboats.
Narada multicast protocol
The Narada multicast protocol is a set of specifications which can be used to implement overlay multicast functionality on computer networks.

It constructs an overlay tree from a redundantly meshed graph of nodes, source specific shortest path trees are then constructed from reverse paths. The group management is equally distributed on all nodes because each overlay node keeps track of all its group members through periodic heartbeats of all members. The discovery and tree building is similar to DVMRP.

Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol
The Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP), defined in RFC 1075, is a routing protocol used to share information between routers to facilitate the transportation of IP multicast packets among networks. It formed the basis of the Internet's historic multicast backbone, Mbone.
Otelemaba Amachree
Daniel Otelemaba Amachree (born 14 November 1963) is a progressive politician in Rivers State, Nigeria. He is a former Speaker of the Rivers State House of Assembly. He was elected as the Speaker of the House on 31 May 2011, during the first meeting of the 7th Assembly. Between 1999 and 2015, Amachree has been elected to four terms as a member of the House of Assembly, representing the Asari-Toru 1 constituency. He has been named the longest serving member in any State House of Assembly in Nigeria.

Speaker of the Rivers State House of Assembly
The Speaker of the Rivers State House of Assembly is the political head of the legislative body in Rivers State, Nigeria.

Elected by the Members of the House, the speaker's primary responsibility is to preside over the sitting and deliberations of the Assembly. The Speaker also represents the voters of his or her constituency. Since 1979, there have been eight legislative assemblies with nine people holding the office of Speaker.
Jacobsite
Jacobsite is a manganese iron oxide mineral. It is in the spinel group and forms a solid solution series with magnetite. The chemical formula is (Mn,Mg)Fe2O4 or with oxidation states and substitutions: 
(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)(Fe3+,Mn3+)2O4.

It occurs as a primary phase or as alteration of other manganese minerals during metamorphism of manganese deposits. Typical associated minerals include hausmannite, galaxite, braunite, pyrolusite, coronadite, hematite and magnetite. It is a ferrimagnetic substance, which is weakly attracted by a magnet.

It was first described in  1869 and named for the Jakobsberg Mine, Nordmark, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden.

Braunite
Braunite is a silicate mineral containing both di- and tri-valent manganese with the chemical formula:
Mn2+Mn3+6[O8|SiO4]. Common impurities include iron, calcium, boron, barium, titanium, aluminium, and magnesium.

Braunite forms grey/black tetragonal crystals and has a Mohs hardness of 6 – 6.5.

It was named after the Wilhelm von Braun (1790–1872) of Gotha, Thuringia, Germany.

A calcium iron bearing variant, named braunite II (formula: Ca(Mn3+,Fe3+)14SiO24), was discovered and described in 1967 from Kalahari, Cape Province, South Africa.
Slime Rancher 2
Slime Rancher 2 is a 2025 farm life sim video game developed and published by American indie studio Monomi Park. Slime Rancher 2 is the direct sequel to its predecessor Slime Rancher (2017). It features the playable character and main protagonist of Slime Rancher, Beatrix LeBeau, exploring a new location called Rainbow Island. The game released in early access on September 22, 2022, with a version 1.0 full release for Xbox Series X/S, Microsoft Windows via the Microsoft Store, and PlayStation 5 released on September 23, 2025.

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
Pambamarca Fortress Complex
The Pambamarca Fortress Complex consists of the ruins of a large number of pukaras (hilltop forts) and other constructions of the Inca Empire.  The fortresses were constructed in the late 15th century by the Incas to overcome the opposition of the people of the Cayambe chiefdom to the expansion of the Incas in the Andes highlands of present-day northern Ecuador.  The Pambamarca fortresses are located in Cayambe Canton in Pichincha Province about 32 kilometres (20 mi) in a straight-line distance northeast of the city of Quito.

In 1998, Pambamarca was placed on the  tentative List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Pichincha Province
Pichincha (Spanish pronunciation: [piˈtʃintʃa]) is a province of Ecuador located in the northern Sierra region; its capital and largest city is Quito. It is bordered by Imbabura and Esmeraldas to the north, Cotopaxi and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas to the south, Napo and Sucumbíos to the east, and Esmeraldas and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas to the west.

Prior to 2008, the canton Santo Domingo de los Colorados was part of the Pichincha Province. It has since become its own province, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas.

The province is home to many rose plantations, which make up the bulk of Ecuador's floriculture industry.
2014 Colonial Square Ladies Classic
The 2014 Colonial Square Ladies Classic was held from November 7 to 10 at the Nutana Curling Club in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan as part of the 2014–15 World Curling Tour. This was the third Grand Slam event on the women's World Curling Tour. The event was held in a triple-knockout format, and the purse was CAD$47,000, of which the winner, Eve Muirhead, received CAD$12,000. In the final, Muirhead defeated Sherry Middaugh of Ontario, scoring a game-winning deuce in the last end to make the final score 5–4.

Nutana Curling Club
The Nutana Curling Club is a curling club located in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Established in 1929 and first opening its doors in 1930, the club was originally located in the city's historic Nutana neighbourhood. The club relocated to the south-central Nutana Suburban Centre neighbourhood in 1966. Once one of six curling clubs in Saskatoon, Nutana is one of three clubs still operating along with the Sutherland Curling Club and the CN Curling Club.

Nutana has been home to sixteen provincial men's champions—one of which, the Rick Folk rink, went on to win national and world titles—and nine provincial and two national women's champions.
1955 1000 km Buenos Aires
The 1955 1000 km Buenos Aires took place on 23 January, on the Autódromo Municipal-Avenida Paz, (Buenos Aires, Argentina). It was the second running of the race, and once again, it was opening round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. For this event, a longer section of the Autopista General Pablo Riccheri route was added, making the circuit 17.136 km in length.

1955 World Sportscar Championship
The 1955 World Sportscar Championship season was the third season of FIA World Sportscar Championship motor racing. It featured a series of six endurance races for sportscars, contested from 23 January to 16 October 1955.

The championship was won by Mercedes-Benz, the German manufacturer ending the dominance of Ferrari which had won both of the previous World Sportscar Championship titles.
Ischia di Castro
Ischia di Castro is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Viterbo in the Italian region of Latium, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Rome and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Viterbo.

Ischia di Castro borders the following municipalities: Canino, Cellere, Farnese, Manciano, Pitigliano, Valentano.

It takes its name from the nearby Castro, a town destroyed by Papal forces in the 17th century. The town is home to the Ducal Palace, or Rocca, to whose project collaborated Antonio da Sangallo the Younger (also designer's of Castro's walls before its destruction). It was once a palace of the Farnese family.

Canino
Canino is a town and comune of Italy, in the province of Viterbo (northern Lazio) in the internal part of Maremma Laziale. It is 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Valentano and 44 kilometres (27 mi) northwest of Viterbo.

It is also near the ancient Etruscan town of Vulci, and  the destroyed city of Castro. Lucien Bonaparte, brother of Napoleon, was lord of Canino and is buried in the town's collegiate church. Canino was also a residence of the Farnese family; future pope Paul III was born here in 1468.

The hills that surround Canino reach the Selva del Lamone and are cultivated with grapes and olive, the famous olive oil extra vergine di oliva, from the "Canina" olive variety, has been given DOP with Reg. CE n. 1263/96.
Gʻallaorol District
39°59′18″N 67°35′02″E﻿ / ﻿39.9882°N 67.5840°E﻿ / 39.9882; 67.5840

Gʻallaorol (Uzbek: Gʻallaorol tumani, Russian: Галляаральский район) is a district of Jizzakh Region, Uzbekistan. The capital lies at the city Gʻallaorol. It has an area of 1,950 km2 (750 sq mi) and its population is 173,000 (2020 est.).

Jizzakh Region
Jizzakh Region is one of the regions of Uzbekistan. It is located in the center/east of the country. It borders Tajikistan to the south and south-east, Samarqand Region to the west, Navoiy Region to the north-west, Kazakhstan to the north, and Sirdaryo Region to the east. It covers an area of 21,210 km2. The population is 1,443,408 (2024 estimate) with 53% living in rural areas.

The regional capital is Jizzakh (pop. 212,689, 2024). Other major towns include Doʻstlik, Gagarin, Gʻallaorol, Paxtakor, and Dashtobod. Jizzakh Region was formerly a part of Sirdaryo Region but was given separate status in 1973.
Exmouth Lifeboat Station
Exmouth Lifeboat Station is the base for Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) search and rescue operations at Exmouth, Devon, England. The first lifeboat was stationed in the town in 1803 and the present station was opened in 2009. In 2014 a new Shannon-class 25-knot all-weather boat (ALB) went on station. Also operated is a D-class (IB1) inshore lifeboat (ILB).

Awards of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution
The National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck was established on 4 March 1824, becoming the Royal National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck (RNIPLS) on 20 March 1824, when it received royal approval from King George IV. The Institution became the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) on 5 October 1854.

Ever since its inception in 1824, a number of awards have been established by the Institution, both for gallantry at sea, and for service to the Institution. None are approved by the Crown, and are therefore unofficial awards. As such, they do not appear in the official British order of wear, although the principal lifesaving award, a Medal of the RNLI, can be worn on the right breast in uniform by members of the British armed forces.
2023–24 Premier League International Cup
The 2023–24 Premier League International Cup is the eighth season of the Premier League International Cup, a European club football competition organised by the Premier League for under-21 teams.

Crystal Palace won the tournament for the first time, defeating in the final defending champions PSV Eindhoven, who had beaten them in the previous tournament's final.

Premier League International Cup
The Premier League International Cup is an English football competition for under-23 teams from across Europe. It was designed to provide players in English Category One academies with the opportunity to match themselves against other elite European footballers from their age group in a competitive environment. The competition was created by the Premier League as part of the organisation's Elite Player Performance Plan and is not sanctioned by UEFA.
Veliky Ustyug Airport
Velikiy Ustyug Airport (IATA: VUS, ICAO: ULWU) is an airport in Russia located 2 km (1.2 mi) north of Velikiy Ustyug. It is a small civilian airfield with a parking apron and a few buildings.

The airport can accept only small aircraft. There is occasional passenger service to Vologda. The bigger Kotlas Airport is 72 kilometres (45 mi) away.

There were plans to reconstruct Veliky Ustyug Airport, making it an international airport and accessible for large aircraft.

Kotlas Airport
Kotlas Airport (Russian: Аэропорт Котлас) (IATA: KSZ, ICAO: ULKK) is a small airport in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia located 4 km southeast of Kotlas. It primarily services general aviation and small turboprop aircraft.
H Battery (Ramsay's Troop) Royal Horse Artillery
H Battery (Ramsay's Troop) Royal Horse Artillery is a battery of 1st Regiment Royal Horse Artillery, part of the Royal Horse Artillery of the British Army. As of 2015, it is based at Albemarle Barracks, Northumberland, England and is equipped with GMLRS.

Formed in 1804, the battery has taken part in the Napoleonic Wars (notably the Battle of Waterloo where it earned its Honour Title as Ramsay's Troop), and the First and Second World Wars.

Since the Second World War, it has seen a wide variety of service as towed and self-propelled artillery, a training and a headquarters unit, and latterly as a precision fire battery. It has been based in Germany as part of the BAOR, Malaysia, Northern Ireland (Operation Banner), the Balkans, Afghanistan and Iraq.

Ordnance QF 25-pounder
The Ordnance QF 25-pounder, or more simply 25-pounder or 25-pdr, with a calibre of 3.45 inches (87.6 mm), was a piece of field artillery used by British and Commonwealth forces in the Second World War. Durable, easy to operate and versatile, it was the most produced and used British field gun and gun-howitzer during the war.

It was introduced into service just before the War started and combined both high-angle and direct-fire abilities, a relatively high rate of fire, and a reasonably lethal shell, with a highly mobile piece. Initial production was slow but, by 1945, over 12,000 had been manufactured. It remained the British Army's primary artillery field piece well into the 1960s, with smaller numbers used in training units until the 1980s. Many Commonwealth countries used theirs in active or reserve service until about the 1970s, and ammunition for the weapon is currently (2020s) being produced by Pakistan Ordnance Factories.
Edda Ceccoli
Edda Ceccoli (born 26 June 1947) was Captain Regent of San Marino from 1 October 1991 to 1 April 1992. She served as co-Regent with Marino Riccardi. She has been elected to two five-year terms in the Great and Good Council. She is a member of Partito Democratico Cristano Sammarinese.

From 2000 to 2002 she was Particular Secretary of the Secretary of State of Health.

Captains Regent
Captains Regent (Italian: Capitani Reggenti; Romagnol: Capitèn Regìnt) are the two heads of state of the Republic of San Marino. They are elected every six months by the Grand and General Council, the country's legislative body. Normally the Captains Regent are chosen from parties in coalition and serve a six-month term. The investiture of the Captains Regent takes place on 1 April and 1 October every year. This tradition dates back at least to 1243.

The practice of dual heads of government (diarchy) is derived directly from the customs of the Roman Republic, equivalent to the consuls of ancient Rome, except the Captains Regent hold no executive power.
Robin Butlin
Robin Alan Butlin OBE FRGS (born 1938) is emeritus professor of geography, and visiting research fellow, based in the School of Geography at the University of Leeds. Butlin was a professor of historical geography and started work at Leeds in 1998 as a visiting professor of geography after working as principal and professor of historical geography at the University College of Ripon and York St John in York.

Loughborough University
Loughborough University (abbreviated as Lough or Lboro for post-nominals) is a public research university in the market town of Loughborough, Leicestershire, England. It has been a university since 1966, but it dates back to 1909, when Loughborough Technical Institute was founded. In March 2013, the university announced it had bought the former broadcast centre at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park as a second campus. The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £386.2 million, of which £57.0 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £379.5 million. In 2024, Loughborough ranked ninth nationally for undergraduate education.
History of Oakland, California
The history of Oakland, a city in the county of Alameda, California, can be traced back to the founding of a settlement by Horace Carpentier, Edson Adams, and Andrew Moon in the 19th century. The area now known as Oakland had seen human occupation for thousands of years, but significant growth in the settlements that are now incorporated into the city did not occur until the Industrial Revolution. Oakland was first incorporated as a town in 1852.

Oakland Police Department
The Oakland Police Department (OPD) is a law enforcement agency responsible for policing the city of Oakland, California, United States. As of May 2021, the department employed 709 sworn officers and 371 civilian employees. The department is divided into 5 geographical divisions policing Oakland's 78 square miles and population of 420,000. The OPD receives 550,000 annual calls for service, and responds to over 250,000 law enforcement incidents.
Lowe Glacier
Lowe Glacier (82°58′S 160°25′E﻿ / ﻿82.967°S 160.417°E﻿ / -82.967; 160.417) is a tributary glacier 7 nautical miles (13 km) long in the Queen Elizabeth Range, Antarctica. It flows south from a common saddle with the Prince of Wales Glacier 3 nautical miles (6 km) east of Mount Gregory to join the Princess Anne Glacier. The name was proposed by the Holyoake, Cobham and Queen Elizabeth Ranges Party of the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition, 1964–65, after D. Lowe, a member of the party.

Queen Elizabeth Range (Antarctica)
The Queen Elizabeth Range (83°20′S 161°30′E﻿ / ﻿83.333°S 161.500°E﻿ / -83.333; 161.500﻿ (Queen Elizabeth Range)) is a rugged mountain range that parallels the eastern side of Marsh Glacier for nearly 100 nmi (190 km; 120 mi) from Nimrod Glacier in the north to Law Glacier in the south. 
Mount Markham, 4,350 metres (14,270 ft) high, is the highest elevation in the range.