hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Treaty of Fontainebleau (November 1807)
The Treaty of Fontainebleau was concluded on 11 November 1807 at the Palace of Fontainebleau between Napoleon Bonaparte's French Empire and his brother Louis Bonaparte's Kingdom of Holland. Under the terms of the treaty, Napoleon annexed the strategically important town of Vlissingen (Flushing) to France, while Louis received the province of East Frisia from the recently defeated Prussians in compensation. The treaty would prove to be the first step towards Napoleon's full annexation of Holland.

Vlissingen
Vlissingen (Dutch: [ˈvlɪsɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; Zeelandic: Vlissienge) is a municipality and a city in the southwestern Netherlands on the island of Walcheren. With its strategic location between the Scheldt river and the North Sea, Vlissingen has been an important harbour for centuries. It was granted city rights in 1315. In the 17th century the roadstead of Vlissingen was a main harbour for ships of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). It is also known as the birthplace of Lieutenant-Admiral Michiel de Ruyter.

Vlissingen is mainly noted for the yards on the Scheldt where most of the ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy (Koninklijke Marine) are built.
Maurandya
Maurandya is a genus of flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae,  native to Mexico and the south west United States (from California to central Texas). They sprawl or climb by means of twining leaf stalks. One of the four species, Maurandya barclayana, is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant.

The generic name is often misspelt as Maurandia. Two of its species have at times been placed in the genera Epixiphium and Maurandella.

Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain". In older classifications, Plantaginaceae was the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales.
2022 Tennis Napoli Cup
The 2022 Tennis Napoli Cup was a professional men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 21st edition of the tournament, and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2022 ATP Tour. It took place at the Tennis Club Napoli in Naples, Italy from 17 to 23 October 2022.

The tournament was upgraded from an ATP Challenger Tour event to an ATP Tour 250 event this year. It was one of the six tournaments that were given single-year ATP 250 licenses in September and October 2022 due to the cancellation of tournaments in China because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Napoli Tennis Cup
The Napoli Tennis Cup (formerly the Tennis Napoli Cup and Capri Watch Cup) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Tennis Club Napoli in Naples, Italy, since 1995. The event was given a single-year ATP 250 license in 2022 due to the cancellation of tournaments in China because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
1991 Holzminden ambush
On 12 October 1991, two Lower Saxony police officers were ambushed at a forest parking lot in Solling near Boffzenstenmord von Holzminden. After an extensive search, the two perpetrators were arrested four days later. The murder of the two police officers and the long-lasting court case attracted nationwide attention.

Sennelager Training Area
The Sennelager Training Area (German: Truppenübungsplatz Senne) is a military training area in Germany, under the control of British Forces based in Paderborn Garrison.  It covers an area of 116 square kilometres (45 square miles), and belongs to the German Government, which discharges its responsibility through its Institute for Federal Real Estate.  The area was first used for military purposes at the end of the 19th century.  The Field Marshal Rommel Barracks, Augustdorf of the German Army is located nearby.
Presidency of Javier Milei
Javier Milei's tenure as the 59th president of Argentina began with his inauguration on 10 December 2023. Milei, a member of La Libertad Avanza, took office after defeating then-economy minister Sergio Massa in the 2023 general election. His administration began during deep economic turmoil as part of the ongoing Argentine monetary crisis, with annual inflation surpassing 100% in the months prior to his inauguration.

Described along right-wing populist and right-wing libertarian lines, Milei pursued deregulation policies to alleviate the national economic crisis. He eliminated several government ministries within his first months in office, achieving a budget surplus for the first time since 2011. On foreign affairs, the Milei administration distanced itself from governments such as those of Venezuela and Cuba, which it calls communist, favouring closer ties with Israel amid the Gaza war and Ukraine during the Russo–Ukrainian War.

Inauguration of Javier Milei
The inauguration of Javier Milei as the president of Argentina took place on 10 December 2023, in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies in Buenos Aires. The inauguration marked the commencement of the four-year term of Milei as president and Victoria Villarruel as vice president. The inauguration marked the formal culmination of Milei's presidential transition that began after he won the 2023 Argentine presidential election held on 19 November 2023.  Over twenty national leaders and representatives attended the ceremony.
Louddaaa
Kehinde Alabi, known professionally as Louddaaa, is a Nigerian record producer, songwriter, and sound engineer. He is best known for his production work on Ayra Starr's breakout single "Away", featured on her self-titled debut EP.

Louddaaa has worked with several prominent Nigerian artists, producing tracks such as "Last Heartbreak Song" and "Orun" by Ayra Starr, "All I Want" by Simi, "Maria" by Magixx, and "Anything" and "10 Kilo" by Davido. He won the Afro Soul Producer of the Year at the 2023 Beatz Awards. In 2025, he was named among the "Hottest African Producers Right Now" by OkayAfrica.

Simi (singer)
Simisola Bolatito Kosoko Listenⓘ (née Ogunleye; born April 19, 1988), better known as Simi, is a Nigerian singer, songwriter, and actress. She started her career as a gospel singer, releasing her debut studio album in the year 2008, titled Ogaju. She gained public recognition in 2014 after releasing "Tiff", a song that was nominated for Best Alternative Song at The Headies 2015. Simi signed a record deal with X3M Music in 2014, but left the label in May 2019 following the expiration of her contract. She released her second studio album, Simisola, on September 8, 2017. Her third studio album, Omo Charlie Champagne, Vol. 1, was released to coincide with her thirty-first birthday on April 19, 2019. Simi launched her record label Studio Brat in June 2019. She was a judge on season 7 of Nigerian Idol in 2022.
Seoul National University of Education station
Seoul Nat'l Univ. of Education Station is a station in the Seocho District of Seoul, on Seoul Subway Line 2 and Line 3. It is usually noted on station signs and on-board announcements that the station serves (the Supreme) Court & Prosecutors' Office.

This subway station is a transfer point between the circular Line 2 (the busiest line on the network) which runs east–west at this point, and the north-south Line 3. The station is an extremely busy transfer point for those travelling between central Seoul and Gangnam district, Teheran Valley and the COEX/KWTC complex.

The station is commonly referred to as "Gyodae".

The Seoul National University of Education is located nearby.

Seoul Subway Line 3
Seoul Subway Line 3 (dubbed The Orange Line) of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway is a rapid transit service that connects Eunpyeong District to Gangnam and southeastern Seoul. Most trains head further northwest to serve Goyang via the Ilsan Line. In 2021, the Seoul Metro operated section had an annual ridership of 295,930,000 or 810,767 passengers per day.

In December 2010 the line is recorded as having the second highest Wi-Fi data consumption in the Seoul Metropolitan area. It averaged 1.8 times more than the other 14 subway lines fitted with Wi-Fi service zones.
Huernia macrocarpa
Huernia macrocarpa is a colorful succulent plant related to the milkweeds. This beautiful plant grows to a height of five or six meters, extending fleshy, toothed arms, dark pink star-shaped flowers and small eyes. It is commonly kept as a potted houseplant.

Houseplant
A houseplant, also known as a pot plant, potted plant, or indoor plant, is an ornamental plant cultivated indoors for aesthetic or practical purposes. These plants are commonly found in homes, offices, and various indoor spaces, where they contribute to the ambiance by adding natural beauty and improving air quality. Most houseplants are tropical or semi-tropical species, as they thrive in the warm, humid conditions often found indoors. Many of them are epiphytes (plants that grow on other plants), succulents (which store water in their leaves), or cacti, which are particularly well-suited to indoor environments due to their low maintenance requirements.
IC 1189
IC 1189 is a S0-a lenticular galaxy with a ring structure located in Hercules. It is located 557 million light-years away from the Solar System and has an approximate diameter of 145,000 light-years. IC 1189 was discovered on June 7, 1888, by Lewis Swift. It is a member of the Hercules Cluster.

IC 1189 has an active galactic nucleus and is classified as a starburst galaxy meaning to say, it is a powerhouse star factory making stars at a rate hundred of times greater compared to the Milky Way. Additionally, it falls into the Markarian galaxies category as Mrk 300, in which its core shines in ultraviolet rays.

Hercules Cluster
The Hercules Cluster (Abell 2151) is a cluster of about 200 galaxies some 500 million light-years distant in the constellation Hercules. It is rich in spiral galaxies and shows many interacting galaxies. The cluster is part of the larger Hercules Supercluster, which is itself part of the much larger Great Wall super-structure.

The cluster's brightest member is the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 6041.
2016–17 Coupe de France first preliminary rounds
The 2016–17 Coupe de France First preliminary rounds comprised the first rounds of the 2016–17 Coupe de France preliminary rounds. The competition was organised by the French Football Federation (FFF) and was made up of separate sections for each regional league in France as well as the overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte,  Réunion, and Saint Martin).

2016–17 Coupe de France preliminary rounds
The 2016–17 Coupe de France preliminary rounds made up the qualifying competition to decide which teams took part in the main competition from round 7. This was the 100th season of the main football cup competition of France. The competition was organised by the French Football Federation (FFF) and was open to all clubs in French football, as well as clubs from the overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia (qualification via 2016 New Caledonia Cup), Tahiti (qualification via 2016 Tahiti Cup), Réunion, and Saint Martin).

The qualifying rounds took place between March and October 2016.
K. Chakravarthi (police officer)
K Chakravarthi (1947 - 4 August 2020) was an Indian Police Service officer who served as the Director General of Police (DGP) of Gujarat from 1 April 2001 to 31 January 2004. His tenure is notably marked by the 2002 Gujarat riots, one of the most significant and tragic events in the Gujarat history. He died on 4 August 2020, at the age of 73, due to cancer.

Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Empire.

Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is part of the All India Services – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and by individual states governments.

The service provides leadership to various state and central police forces, including the Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
Spyssøya
Spyssøya is an island in Bømlo Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 1.5-square-kilometre (0.58 sq mi) island lies at the confluence of the Stokksund strait and the Hardangerfjorden.  he island of Bømlo lies to the northwest, the island of Moster lies to the southwest, the island of Otterøya lies to the southeast, and the island of Nautøya lies to the northeast. Spyssøya is connected to the island of Bømlo by the Spissøy Bridge and to the island of Nautøya via the Bømla Bridge. Permanent inhabitants on the small island were few until the bridges were built. Since that time, the island's population has been increasing.

Hardangerfjord
The Hardangerfjord (English: Hardanger Fjord) is the fifth longest fjord in the world and the second longest fjord in Norway. It is located in the Hardanger region of Vestland county in western Norway. The fjord stretches 180 kilometres (110 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean into the mountainous interior of Norway along the Hardangervidda plateau. The innermost point of the fjord reaches the town of Odda.
Jan Constantijn Costerus
Jan Constantijn Costerus (29 March 1849 – 31 July 1938) was a Dutch biologist who specialized in teratology or studies on mutations in plants. A contemporary of Hugo de Vries, he also founded of a botanical garden in Hilversum. The plant genus Costera is named in his honour.

Hugo de Vries
Hugo Marie de Vries (Dutch: [ˈɦyɣoː də ˈvris]; 16 February 1848 – 21 May 1935) was a Dutch botanist and one of the first geneticists. He is known chiefly for suggesting the concept of genes, rediscovering the laws of heredity in the 1890s while apparently unaware of Gregor Mendel's work, for introducing the term "mutation", and for developing a mutation theory of evolution.
Oecophylla smaragdina
Oecophylla smaragdina (common names include Asian weaver ant, weaver ant, green ant, green tree ant, and orange gaster) is a species of arboreal ant found in tropical Asia and Australia. These ants form colonies with multiple nests in trees, each nest being made of leaves stitched together using the silk produced by the ant larvae: hence the name 'oecophylla' [Greek for 'leaf-house'].

Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is a large order of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. Many of the species are parasitic. Females typically have a special ovipositor for inserting eggs into hosts or places that are otherwise inaccessible. This ovipositor is often modified into a stinger. The young develop through holometabolism (complete metamorphosis)—that is, they have a wormlike larval stage and an inactive pupal stage before they reach adulthood.
Cameron County, Queensland
Cameron County, Queensland is a County of Queensland in Australia, in the South Gregory District Land District.

The entirety of the County is incorporated in the Shire of Bulloo with the seat of local government being located at Thargomindah.  The County is remote, arid and flat like much of the channel country. The county is divided into civil  parishes.

Thargomindah
Thargomindah /ˈθɑːrɡoʊmɪndə/ (frequently shortened to Thargo) is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Bulloo, Queensland, Australia. The town of Thargomindah is the administrative centre for the Shire of Bulloo. In the 2021 census, the locality of Thargomindah had a population of 243 people.

On 17 April 2020, the Queensland Government decided to reorganise the nine localities in the Shire of Bulloo, resulting in six localities. Thargomindah, previously being 43.0 square kilometres (16.6 sq mi) of the area immediately surrounding the town of Thargomindah, was enlarged through the incorporation of all of Bullawarra (except for a small portion in the south of Bullawarra which was absorbed into Bulloo Downs), all of Dynevor and all of Norley, creating a locality of 15,213 square kilometres (5,874 sq mi).
Arsenic biochemistry
Arsenic biochemistry is the set of biochemical processes that can use arsenic or its compounds, such as arsenate. Arsenic is a moderately abundant element in Earth's crust, and although many arsenic compounds are often considered highly toxic to most life, a wide variety of organoarsenic compounds are produced biologically and various organic and inorganic arsenic compounds are metabolized by numerous organisms. This pattern is general for other related elements, including selenium, which can exhibit both beneficial and deleterious effects. Arsenic biochemistry has become topical since many toxic arsenic compounds are found in some aquifers, potentially affecting many millions of people via biochemical processes.

Roxarsone
Roxarsone is an organoarsenic compound that has been used in poultry production and to a lesser extent in pig production as a feed additive to increase weight gain, for greater feed efficiency, to improve pigmentation, and as a coccidiostat. Until June 2011, it was approved for use in the United States, Canada, Australia, and 12 other countries. It is no longer approved for use in most jurisdictions.

Roxarsone has been banned in the European Union since 1999. Its use in the United States was voluntarily ended by the manufacturers in June 2011, and it has been illegal since 2013. Its use was suspended in Malaysia in June 2011. It was banned in Canada in August 2011. In Australia, its use was discontinued in 2012.
Sheriff of Dumfries and Galloway
The Sheriff of Dumfries and Galloway, was  historically the royal official responsible for enforcing law and order in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. Prior to 1748 most sheriffdoms were held on a hereditary basis. From that date, following the Jacobite uprising of 1745, the hereditary sheriffs were replaced by salaried sheriff-deputes, qualified advocates who were members of the Scottish Bar.

The Sheriff of Dumfries had been retitled the Sheriff of Dumfries and Galloway in 1874 after the sheriffdom of Wigton and Kirkcudbright had been joined with the sheriffdom of Dumfries. The combined sheriffdom was replaced in 1975 by the current sheriffdom of South Strathclyde, Dumfries and Galloway.

Dumfries
Dumfries (Scots: /dʌmˈfriːs/ ⓘ dum-FREESS; from Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Phris Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˌt̪un ˈfɾʲiʃ]) is a market town and former royal burgh in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, near the mouth of the River Nith on the Solway Firth, 25 miles (40 km) from the Anglo-Scottish border. Dumfries is the county town of the historic county of Dumfriesshire.

Before becoming King of Scots, Robert the Bruce killed his rival John Comyn III of Badenoch at Greyfriars Kirk in the town in 1306. The Young Pretender had his headquarters here towards the end of 1745. In World War II, the Norwegian armed forces in exile in Britain largely consisted of a brigade in Dumfries.

Dumfries is nicknamed Queen of the South. This is also the name of the town's football club. People from Dumfries are known colloquially in Scots language as Doonhamers.
Hobbs Ridge
Hobbs Ridge (77°53′S 163°58′E﻿ / ﻿77.883°S 163.967°E﻿ / -77.883; 163.967﻿ (Hobbs Ridge)) is a prominent arc-shaped ridge which circumscribes Hobbs Glacier to the north and northwest and forms the divide with the lower part of Blue Glacier, on the Scott Coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica. 
It was named in association with Hobbs Glacier.
It forms the northernmost part of the Denton Hills.

Scott Coast
Scott Coast (76°30′S 162°30′E﻿ / ﻿76.500°S 162.500°E﻿ / -76.500; 162.500) is the portion of the coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica between Cape Washington and Minna Bluff. It was named by the New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1961 after Captain Robert Falcon Scott, Royal Navy, leader of the Discovery Expedition (1901–1904) and the British Antarctic Expedition (1910-1913), who died on the return journey from the South Pole. Much of the early exploration of this coastline was accomplished by Scott and his colleagues, and many of the names in the region were bestowed by him.
Seaside Institute
The Seaside Institute in Bridgeport, Connecticut is a Richardsonian Romanesque rock-faced granite, brick, brownstone and terracotta building designed by Warren R. Briggs and completed in 1887 at the corner of Lafayette and Atlantic avenues, not far from Seaside Park. Originally built for the use and benefit of the female employees of the Warner Brothers Corset Company, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The buildings is currently used by the Bridgeport International Academy.

Seaside Park (Connecticut)
Seaside Park, located in Bridgeport, Connecticut, is a 2.5-mile (4.0 km) long crescent-shaped park bordering Bridgeport Harbor, Long Island Sound, and Black Rock Harbor. The park lies within Bridgeport's South End neighborhood.
XD-Picture Card
xD-Picture Card is an obsolete flash memory card format, developed jointly by Olympus and Fujifilm in 2002 as a proprietary alternative to existing formats. It was primarily used in digital cameras produced by Olympus and Fujifilm, and was also adopted by Kodak in some models. xD cards were available in capacities ranging from 16 MB to 2 GB. While their file transfer speeds were good by 2002 standards, by the late 2000s they offered less capacity, were slower, and were more expensive than SD cards. The format was phased out in 2009, when Fujifilm and Olympus transitioned to the more widely supported SD card format.

Device driver
A device driver is software that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. A driver provides a software interface to hardware devices, enabling other software to access hardware functions without needing to know precise details about the hardware.

A driver communicates with the device through the computer bus or communications subsystem to which the hardware connects. When a calling program invokes a routine in the driver, the driver issues commands to the device (drives it). Once the device sends data back to the driver, the driver may invoke routines in the original calling program.

Drivers are hardware-dependent and operating-system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interface.
Ya'akov Ben-Yezri
Ya'akov Ben-Yezri (Hebrew: יעקב בן-יזרי; 1 October 1927 – 17 February 2018) was a Moroccan–Israeli politician. He served as a Knesset member on behalf of Gil and as the country's Minister of Health between 2006 and 2009.

Ministry of Health (Israel)
The Ministry of Health (Hebrew: מִשְׂרַד הַבְּרִיאוּת, translit. Misrad HaBri'ut) is a ministry in the Israeli government, responsible for formulating health policies. The ministry plans, supervises, licenses, and coordinates the country's health care services. In addition to overseeing health services provided by HCOs such as Kupat Holim, Maccabi et al and family health centers such as Tipat Halav, the ministry maintains general hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, mental health clinics, treatment programs for substance abuse, and facilities for the chronically ill.