hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
L
L, or l, is the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is el (pronounced /ˈɛl/ ⓘ EL), plural els.

Code point
A code point, codepoint or code position is a particular position in a table, where the position has been assigned a meaning. The table may be one dimensional (a column), two dimensional (like cells in a spreadsheet), three dimensional (sheets in a workbook), etc... in any number of dimensions.

Technically, a code point is a unique position in a quantized n-dimensional space, where the position has been assigned a semantic meaning. The table has discrete (whole) and positive positions (1, 2, 3, 4, but not fractions).

Code points are used in a multitude of formal information processing and telecommunication standards. For example ITU-T Recommendation T.35 contains a set of country codes for telecommunications equipment (originally fax machines) which allow equipment to indicate its country of manufacture or operation. In T.35, Argentina is represented by the code point 0x07, Canada by 0x20, Gambia by 0x41, etc.
Senegalese Liberal Party
The Senegalese Liberal Party (Parti libéral sénégalais) was a political party in Senegal from 1998 to 2003, led by Ousmane Ngom.

The party was born through a split from the Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS). Ngom resigned from the PDS on June 11, 1998, after the party leadership was rearranged by PDS Secretary-General Abdoulaye Wade on June 5 and Ngom lost his position as deputy leader of the party and became permanent secretary instead. Ngom announced the creation of the PLS on June 18.

In the parliamentary election held on 29 April 2001, the PLS won 0.9% of the popular vote and 1 out of 120 seats; Ngom was the only PLS candidate to win a seat, which he gained through national list proportional representation.

In 2003 the party merged with PDS.

Senegalese Democratic Party
The Senegalese Democratic Party (French: Parti démocratique sénégalais) is a political party in Senegal.  The party considers itself a liberal party and is a member of the Liberal International. Abdoulaye Wade, who was President of Senegal from 2000 to 2012, is the party's leader. The PDS ruled together with smaller parties as part of the Sopi Coalition. Since Wade's defeat in the 2012 presidential election, the PDS has been the main opposition party.
Williams-Wynn baronets
The Williams-Wynn Baronetcy, of Gray's Inn in the County of Middlesex was created in the Baronetage of England on 6 July 1688 for William Williams, a prominent Welsh politician and lawyer from Anglesey, Wales. A member of the family, Sir Watkin, became one of the richest men in Britain.

Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, 3rd Baronet
Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, 3rd Baronet (c. 1692 – 26 September 1749) was a British Tory politician and landowner who represented Denbighshire and Montgomeryshire in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1716 to 1749. A lifelong Tory, he was also a prominent Jacobite sympathiser. Williams-Wynn helped engineer the downfall of Prime Minister Robert Walpole in 1742 and engaged in negotiations with the exiled Stuarts prior to the Jacobite rising of 1745 but did not participate in the rebellion himself. Williams-Wynn died in a hunting accident in 1749.
Cincinnati Swarm
The Cincinnati Swarm was a professional arena football franchise based in Cincinnati, Ohio. They were members of the Midwest Division of the National Conference of the af2. The Swarm joined the af2 as an expansion franchise in 2003 along with the Green Bay Blizzard. In 2003, the Swarm went 7–9, second in the Midwest Division. Despite their modest record, and finishing second in their division, they failed to make the playoffs. Cincinnati's attempt at arena football failed, and the Swarm folded after one year due to poor attendance. Ten years earlier, Cincinnati was home to the Cincinnati Rockers from 1992 to 1993, and like the Swarm, they folded shortly after their inception. Despite the Swarm's failure, the city of Cincinnati would get another af2 franchise in the form of the now-defunct Cincinnati Jungle Kats, who suffered the same fate as the Swarm.

Cincinnati Rockers
The Cincinnati Rockers were an arena football team based in Cincinnati, Ohio. They began play in 1992 as an expansion team in the Arena Football League and competed through the 1993 season before they suspended operations due to low attendance. The Rockers played their home games at the Riverfront Coliseum.
Nick Vlastuin
Nicholas Alexander Leendert Vlastuin (/ˈflɒstəʊn/; born 19 April 1994) is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the Richmond Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He is a three-time premiership player with the club, winning in 2017, 2019 and 2020. He plays as a hybrid defender, adept at directly defending small forwards, taking intercepting marks and rebounding from defensive

2019 AFL Grand Final
The 2019 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Richmond Football Club and Greater Western Sydney Giants at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 28 September 2019. It was the 124th annual grand final of the Australian Football League (formerly Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 2019 AFL season. The match, attended by 100,014 spectators, was won by Richmond by a margin of 89 points, marking the club's twelfth VFL/AFL premiership and their second in three seasons. Richmond's Dustin Martin won the Norm Smith Medal as the player judged best on ground.
John Smith (bishop of Killala and Achonry)
John Smith was an Irish Anglican priest in Ireland in the seventeenth century.

A native of Athboy, he was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He became the Rector of  Inniskeen in 1635. He was Archdeacon of Ardfert from 1664 to 1666  when he became Dean of Limerick.  He was appointed to the episcopate as  Bishop of Killala and Achonry in 1679 but died the following year on 7 March.

Dean of Limerick and Ardfert
The Dean of Limerick and Ardfert is a Church of Ireland official based in the Cathedral Church of St Mary's in the united diocese of Limerick, Killaloe and Ardfert.

There had been two separate deans, Dean of Limerick and Dean of Ardfert, until the position was united in 1987. The Dean of Ardfert had been based at Ardfert Cathedral (a.k.a. St Brendan's Cathedral), until it was destroyed by fire in 1641.

The current incumbent, since 2017, is The Very Reverend Niall Sloane.
Haram (Yemen)
Haram (Arabic: هرم; Old South Arabian 𐩠𐩧𐩣 hrm-m, with mimation Haramum) (known today as Kharibat Hamdān and Kharibat ʾl ʿAlī) is an ancient city in the north of al-Jawf in modern-day Yemen, at about 1100 metres above sea level. It is bordered by the Yemen Highlands to the north, in the west by the ancient Kaminahu (present day Kamna), in the east by the ancient Qarnāwu (modern Ma'īn), and in the south by the Ghayl, otherwise known as the village of al-Ḥazm.

Al-Jawf Governorate
Al Jawf (Arabic: الجوف Al-Jawf) is a governorate of Yemen. Its capital is Al Hazm.

As of April 2020, after the Houthi forces' 2020 offensive, nearly all the governorate is under Houthi control, except for Khabb wa ash Sha'af which is under the control of Al-Qaeda.

On 15 July 2020, a Saudi Arabian airstrike in Al Hazm district in Al-Jawf Governorate killed seven Yemeni civilians. On 17 August 2020, a Houthi missile attack killed 11 government troops, including a senior officer.
John Steere (bishop)
Christianity portal

John Steere was an Anglican bishop in Ireland during the first half of the Seventeenth century.

Formerly Archdeacon of Emly he was consecrated on 26 August 1617 and remained there for five years. He was nominated to the See of Ardfert on 8 December 1621; and appointed with letters patent on 20 July 1622. He died in May 1628.

Archdeacon of Emly
The Archdeacon of Emly was a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Diocese of Emly and its successor amalgamated dioceses.

Notable archdeacons included Garrett FitzGerald, Archdeacon 1615-38, John Hickey, Archdeacon for more than 40 years until his death in 1723, Edward Moore (Archdeacon 1782-1788), Charles Agar (died 1789), John Jebb, later Bishop of Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe, who was Archdeacon  1821-3, and Henry Irwin, Archdeacon 1843-1858.
Jesús Puras
Jesús Puras Vidal de la Peña (born March 16 1963), also known as 'Chus Puras', is a Spanish rally driver active in the World Rally Championship from 1991 to 2002. Puras was well known for his blistering performances on tarmac rallies.

Citroën Xsara
The Citroën Xsara (/ˈzɑːrə/) is a compact C-segment family car, produced by the French automaker PSA Peugeot Citroën, under their Citroën marque, from 1997 to 2006. The Xsara was a development of the Citroën ZX and Peugeot 306, which shared a platform and running gear.

It came in three and five door hatchback (notchback) and five door estate body styles; the estate was marketed as the Break and the three door as the Coupé. The styling shared cues with the larger Bertone designed Xantia, but was regarded as bland by the motoring press.

The straight four engine range includes 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 litre petrol engines as well as 1.4, 1.8, 1.9 and 2.0 litre naturally aspirated and turbocharged diesels. In some countries, such as Portugal, the 1.5 litre TUD5 diesel engine was also available. The Xsara was 1998 Semperit Irish Car of the Year in Ireland.
1971–72 KNVB Cup
The 1971-72 KNVB Cup was the 54th edition of the Dutch national football annual knockout tournament for the KNVB Cup. 32 teams contested, beginning on 9 January 1972 and ending at the final on 11 May 1972.

Ajax successfully defended its 1971 title achieving its 7th KNVB Cup defeating FC Den Haag, 3–2. Ajax being the champions of the Eredivisie achieved a double. They contested in the European Cup, so finalists FC Den Haag would participate in the Cup Winners' Cup.

1970–71 KNVB Cup
The 1970-71 KNVB Cup was the 53rd edition of the Dutch national football annual knockout tournament for the KNVB Cup. 51 teams contested, beginning on 15 August 1970 and ending at the final on 20 May 1971.

Ajax successfully defended its 1971 title achieving its sixth KNVB title defeating Sparta Rotterdam, 2–1. Sparta Rotterdam contested in the Cup Winners' Cup, since Ajax finished second in the Eredivisie, already qualified for the European Cup.
Orange–blue coalition
An orange–blue coalition (French: Coalition orange-bleue Dutch: Oranje-blauw coalitie) is a type of governing coalition in Belgian politics that brings together Liberal parties (MR and OpenVLD, who traditionally use the color blue) and Christian democratic/humanist political parties (cdH and CD&V, who traditionally use the color orange). These coalitions are also termed Blue–Roman (French: Bleue-romaine, Dutch: Rooms-blauw), corresponding to the colors of the liberal parties, and the Roman of the Roman Catholic Church for the Christian Democrats.

Catholic Party (Belgium)
The Catholic Party (French: Parti catholique, pronounced [paʁti katɔlik]; Dutch: Katholieke Partij, pronounced [kɑtoːˈlikə pɑrˈtɛi]) was a Belgian political party established in 1869 as the Confessional Catholic Party (Dutch: Confessionele Katholieke Partij). In 1921, the party became the Catholic Union, and from 1936 the Catholic Block.
Autrécourt-sur-Aire
Autrécourt-sur-Aire (French pronunciation: [otʁekuʁ syʁ ɛːʁ]; literally "Autrécourt on Aire") is a commune in the Meuse department in the Grand Est region in northeastern France.

Autrécourt-sur-Aire is the only village in this commune. The nearest town is Verdun, 27.4 km to the northeast.

Verdun
Verdun (/vɜːrˈdʌn/ vur-DUN, UK also /ˈvɛərdʌn/ VAIR-dun; US also /vɛərˈdʌn/ vair-DUN; French: [vɛʁdœ̃] ⓘ; official name before 1970: Verdun-sur-Meuse) is a city in the Meuse department in Grand Est, northeastern France. It is an arrondissement of the department.

In 843, the Treaty of Verdun, which divided the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms—considered the foundation of Germany and France—was signed there. An episcopal principality of the Holy Roman Empire since the 10th century, Verdun was subjugated by France in 1552, during the "Voyage to Austrasia". Along with the other free cities of the Empire, Metz and Toul, it formed the province of the Three Bishoprics, which was attached to the Kingdom of France in 1648 by the Treaty of Münster.

Verdun is the biggest city in Meuse, although the capital of the department is Bar-le-Duc, which is slightly smaller than Verdun. It is well known for giving its name to the longest battle in modern history in the First World War.
The Thursday Murder Club
The Thursday Murder Club is a 2020 murder mystery novel, the debut novel by British television presenter Richard Osman. It is the first installment in his Thursday Murder Club series. It was published on 3 September 2020 by Viking Press, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House, and also released in 2020 as an audiobook, read by Lesley Manville.

Viking Press
Viking Press (formally Viking Penguin, also listed as Viking Books) is an American publishing company owned by Penguin Random House. It was founded in New York City on March 1, 1925, by Harold K. Guinzburg and George S. Oppenheimer and then acquired by the Penguin Group in 1975.

The publisher's name and logo, a Viking ship drawn by Rockwell Kent, were chosen as symbols of enterprise, adventure, and exploration in publishing.

Viking Press was sold to Penguin Books in 1975 for $12 million due to the publishing house's monetary difficulties. These were speculated to have been caused by the shrinkage in the juvenile market and Viking Press' lack of a textbook division.
Kaze Emanuar
Kaze Emanuar is a German YouTuber, video game programmer and ROM hacker. He is best known for his technical knowledge of Nintendo 64 and its games—particularly Super Mario 64, for which he created various ROM hacks—as well as videos discussing technical details of the console.

Video game programmer
A game programmer is a software engineer, programmer, or computer scientist who primarily develops codebases for video games or related software, such as game development tools. Game programming has many specialized disciplines, all of which fall under the umbrella term of "game programmer". A game programmer should not be confused with a game designer, who works on game design.
Inter-caste marriage
Intercaste marriage (ICM), also known as marrying out of caste, is a form of exogamous nuptial union that involve two individuals belonging to different castes. Intercaste marriages are particularly perceived as socially unacceptable and taboo in most parts of South Asia.

Exogamy
Exogamy is the social norm of mating or marrying outside one's social group. The group defines the scope and extent of exogamy, and the rules and enforcement mechanisms that ensure its continuity. One form of exogamy is dual exogamy, in which two groups continually intermarry with each other.

In social science, exogamy is viewed as a combination of two related aspects: biological and cultural. Biological exogamy is the marriage of people who are not blood relatives.  This is regulated by incest taboos and laws against incest. Cultural exogamy is marrying outside a specific cultural group; the opposite is endogamy, marriage within a social group.
Yale World Fellows
Yale World Fellows is an international fellowship program at Yale University for rising global leaders.

World Fellows come from around the world and from diverse disciplines. They are selected through a competitive application process. Each year, the program selects 16 World Fellows to reside at Yale for the fall semester to study, share their knowledge, and expand their networks.

The World Fellows program is located in Horchow Hall, within the Jackson Institute for Global Affairs, on Hillhouse Avenue.

Hillhouse Avenue
Hillhouse Avenue is a Street in New Haven, Connecticut, famous for its many nineteenth century mansions, including the president's house at Yale University. Both Charles Dickens and Mark Twain described it as "the most beautiful street in America". Much of the avenue is included in the Hillhouse Avenue Historic District, which extends to include houses on adjacent streets.
1935–36 Western Kentucky State Teachers Hilltoppers basketball team
The 1935–36 Western Kentucky State Teachers Hilltoppers men's basketball team represented Western Kentucky State Normal School and Teachers College (now known as Western Kentucky University) during the 1935-36 NCAA basketball season. The team was led by future Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame coach Edgar Diddle and leading scorer Brad Mutchler. The Hilltoppers won the Kentucky Intercollegiate Athletic Conference, led NCAA in wins for the 3rd consecutive year, and received an invitation to the National Olympic Playoff representing the South.
Mutchler, Max Reed, Elmo Meacham, and William “Red” McCrocklin were selected to the All-SIAA team. Mutchler, Reed, and Meacham were also named to the All-State team.

Western Kentucky University
Western Kentucky University (WKU) is a public university in Bowling Green, Kentucky, United States. It was founded by the Commonwealth of Kentucky in 1906, though its roots reach back a few decades earlier. It operates regional campuses in Glasgow, Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, and Owensboro. The main campus sits atop a hill overlooking the Barren River valley.
Conditional quantum entropy
The conditional quantum entropy is an entropy measure used in quantum information theory.  It is a generalization of the conditional entropy of classical information theory.   For a bipartite state , the conditional entropy is written , or , depending on the notation being used for the von Neumann entropy. The quantum conditional entropy was defined in terms of a conditional density operator  by Nicolas Cerf and Chris Adami, who showed that quantum conditional entropies can be negative, something that is forbidden in classical physics. The negativity of quantum conditional entropy is a sufficient criterion for quantum non-separability.

In what follows, we use the notation  for the von Neumann entropy, which will simply be called "entropy".

Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that represents a physical system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution, and measurement of a quantum state. Knowledge of the quantum state, and the rules for the system's evolution in time, exhausts all that can be known about a quantum system.

Quantum states are either pure or mixed, and have several possible representations. Pure quantum states are commonly represented as a vector in a Hilbert space. Mixed states are statistical mixtures of pure states and cannot be represented as vectors on that Hilbert space, and instead are commonly represented as density matrices.

Common examples of quantum states are the wave functions describing position and momentum, finite-dimensional vectors describing spin such as the singlet, and states describing many-body quantum systems in a Fock space.
Esther Whitley
Esther Whitley (1755–1833) was an American pioneer who was the third woman of European descent to cross the Cumberland Mountains. Traveling with her husband, William Whitley, she came to Kentucky on Wilderness Road.  They built the first brick house in Kentucky which is maintained at the William Whitley House State Historic Site in Crab Orchard, Kentucky.

American pioneer
American pioneers were predominantly European American settlers who had marched on westward from the British Thirteen Colonies and later the United States of America, to settle and develop areas of the nation within the continent of North America.

The pioneer concept and ethos greatly predate the settlement of the Western United States, with which they are commonly associated, and many places now considered "East" were settled by pioneers from even further east. For example, Daniel Boone, a key figure in U.S. history, settled in Kentucky, when that "Dark and Bloody Ground" was still undeveloped.

One important development in the Western settlement were the Homestead Acts, which provided formal legislation for settlers which regulated the settlement process with little to no concern for the existing inhabitants of the land. Pioneers also settled on land that was once inhabited by American Indian tribes.
LP 261-75
LP 261‑75 (also known as TOI‑1779) is a triple star system in the constellation Leo Minor. It is composed of the primary red dwarf star, an eclipsing close companion brown dwarf and another brown dwarf in a wide orbit. The inner pair is one of the first red dwarf–brown dwarf systems to have its obliquity measured by the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect, the other being TOI-2119. The system is thought to be a member of the AB Doradus Moving Group.

Doppler spectroscopy
Doppler spectroscopy (also known as the radial-velocity method, or colloquially, the wobble method) is an indirect method for finding extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs from radial-velocity measurements via observation of Doppler shifts in the spectrum of the planet's parent star.
As of January 2026, over 1,100 known extrasolar planets (about 19.0% of the total) have been discovered using Doppler spectroscopy.
2002 IIHF World U18 Championships
The 2002 IIHF World U18 Championships were held in Piešťany and Trnava, Slovakia. The championships began on April 11, 2002, and finished on April 21, 2002. Games were played at Zimny Stadion in Piešťany and Zimny Stadion in Trnava. The United States finished first in the final round to capture the gold, while Russia and the Czech Republic captured the silver and bronze medal respectively. USA and Russia played the last game of the final round to determine the medals. Needing to beat Russia by two goals, USA led 2–1 with a minute remaining. They pulled their goalie, leading to Zach Parise's gold medal-winning goal with thirty seconds remaining.

2003 IIHF World U18 Championships
The 2003 IIHF World U18 Championships were held in Yaroslavl, Russia. The championships began on April 8, 2003, and finished on April 18, 2003. Games were played at Arena 2000 and Avtodizel Arena in Yaroslavl. Canada defeated Slovakia 3–0 in the final to claim the gold medal, while Russia defeated the United States 6–3 to capture the bronze medal.
Lime Kiln Remains, Ipswich
Lime Kiln Remains is a heritage-listed lime kiln at 82 Chermside Road, Ipswich, City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1864 by William Hancock. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Ipswich, Queensland
Ipswich (/ˈɪpswɪtʃ/ ⓘ) is an urban centre within the City of Ipswich in South East Queensland, Australia. Situated on the Bremer River, it is approximately 40 km (25 mi) west of the Brisbane central business district. Ipswich is renowned for its architectural, natural and cultural heritage, and the city preserves and operates from many of its historical buildings, with more than 6000 heritage-listed sites and over 500 parks. Ipswich was founded in 1827 as a mining settlement, and soon developed into a major commercial and population centre. The suburb of the same name serves as the city's central business district. In the 2021 census, the population of the urban area of Ipswich was 115,913 people.
Byari (film)
Byari is a 2011 Indian film in the Beary dialect of Malyalam, written and directed by Suveeran. It is the first feature film to be made in this dialect. The film was screened at various film festivals where it received positive reviews. It released in theatres in Dakshina Kannada region on 9 June 2011.

Byari won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film while Malayalam actress Mallika got a special mention from the National Film Award jury for her performance in the film.

Beary
The Beary (also known as Byari) are a community concentrated along the southwest coast of India, mostly in the Mangalore district of the south Indian state of Karnataka.

The Beary community of Tulunadu is among the earliest Muslim inhabitants of India, with a clear history of more than 950 years.