hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
American Institute of Indian Studies
The American Institute of Indian Studies (AIIS), founded in 1961, is a consortium of 90 universities and colleges in the United States that promotes the advancement of knowledge about India in the U.S. It carries out this purpose by: awarding fellowships to scholars and artists to carry out their research and artistic projects in India; by operating intensive programs in a variety of Indian languages in India; by sponsoring conferences, workshops and outreach activities; by supporting U.S. study abroad and service learning programs in India; by assisting and facilitating the research of all U.S. scholars in India; and by operating two research archives, the Archives and Research Center for Ethnomusicology and the Center for Art and Archaeology. The AIIS is a member of the Council of American Overseas Research Centers.

Council of American Overseas Research Centers
The Council of American Overseas Research Centers (CAORC) founded in 1981, is a private not-for-profit federation of independent overseas research centers that promotes advanced research, particularly in the humanities and social sciences, with a focus on the conservation and recording of cultural heritage and the understanding and interpretation of modern societies.
Streptolysin
Streptolysins are two homogenous exotoxins from Streptococcus pyogenes. Types include streptolysin O (SLO; slo), which is oxygen-labile, and streptolysin S (SLS; sagA), which is oxygen-stable.

SLO is part of the thiol-activated cytolysin family. It is hemolytically active only in a reversibly reduced state. It is antigenic, so its antibody antistreptolysin O can be detected in an antistreptolysin O titre.

SLS is stable in the presence of oxygen. It is not antigenic due to its small size. It is sometimes considered a bacteriocin due to similarities in the synthesis pathway.

Bacteriocin
Bacteriocins are proteinaceous or peptidic toxins produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strain(s). They are similar to yeast and paramecium killing factors, and are structurally, functionally, and ecologically diverse. Applications of bacteriocins are being tested to assess their application as narrow-spectrum antibiotics.

Bacteriocins were first discovered by André Gratia in 1925.  He was involved in the process of searching for ways to kill bacteria, which also resulted in the development of antibiotics and the discovery of bacteriophage, all within a span of a few years.  He called his first discovery a colicine because it was made by E. coli.
Franz Servatius Bruinier
Franz Servatius Bruinier (13 May 1905 – 31 July 1928) was a pianist and composer.   He was the first professional composer to collaborate with Bertolt Brecht.   On account of his early death from tuberculosis, and because the results of his work went unpublished or were published only without attribution in respect of the musical score,  his contribution went unrecognised by mainstream Brecht scholarship till the mid 1970s.

Yvan Goll
Yvan Goll (also written Iwan Goll, Ivan Goll; born Isaac Lang; 29 March 1891 – 27 February 1950) was a French-German poet who was bilingual and wrote in both French and German. He had close ties to both German expressionism and to French surrealism.
Valdosta State–West Georgia football rivalry
The Valdosta State–West Georgia football rivalry, commonly known as the Battle for the Peach Basket, is a college football rivalry game between two public universities in the U.S. state of Georgia, the Valdosta State University Blazers and the University of West Georgia Wolves that compete for the Peach Basket. The current winner is Valdosta State, who won, 36–34, on October 30, 2021. Valdosta State leads the all-time series, 28–14.

Valdosta State Blazers football
The Valdosta State Blazers football program represents Valdosta State University in American football. The Blazers are a member of the Gulf South Conference (GSC) in NCAA Division II. Valdosta State University has had a football team since 1982. The Blazers play in Bazemore–Hyder Stadium in Valdosta, Georgia, which has a capacity of 11,249. The stadium is also the home of the historical Valdosta High School Wildcats. The Blazers have won a total of four Division II National Championship titles (2004, 2007, 2012 and 2018).
East Island (1985 constituency)
East Island was a constituency elected by electoral college for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong in 1985 and 1988, which elects one member of the Legislative Council using the multiple-round elimination system and preferential elimination system respectively. The constituency covers Eastern District and Wan Chai District on Hong Kong Island.

The constituency is indirectly elected, with members of the District Boards and Urban Council from the two Districts as the electorates. It was renamed as Hong Kong Island East constituency in 1991 with expanded electorates.

Wan Chai District
Wan Chai District is one of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. Of the four on Hong Kong Island, it is north-central, and had 166,695 residents in 2021, an increase from 152,608 residents in 2011. The district has the second-highest educationally qualified residents with the highest-bracket incomes, the lowest population and the third-oldest quotient. It is a relatively affluent district, with one in five persons having liquid assets of more than HKD 1 million.
Anagni Cathedral
Anagni Cathedral (Italian: Cattedrale di Santa Maria Annunziata; Cattedrale di Anagni) is a Catholic cathedral in Anagni, Lazio, Italy, home to the cathedra of the Diocese of Anagni-Alatri. It is a Marian church dedicated to the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

Anagni
Anagni (Italian pronunciation: [aˈnaɲɲi]) is an ancient town and comune in the  province of Frosinone, Lazio, in the hills east-southeast of Rome. It is a historical and artistic centre of the Latin Valley.
Warner Grand Theatre
The Warner Grand Theatre is a historic movie palace that opened on January 20, 1931. It is located in San Pedro, Los Angeles, California, at 478 West 6th Street.

The design of the Warner Grand Theatre was a collaboration by architect B. Marcus Priteca and interior designer Anthony Heinsbergen, in the Art Deco—Moderne style. It was one of three similarly lavish Los Angeles area Art Deco movie palaces on which Priteca and Heinsbergen collaborated for the Warner Bros. company in the early 1930s. The others were located in Beverly Hills and Huntington Park.  Priteca later designed Hollywood's famous Pantages Theatre.

The theatre was purchased in 1996 and is still currently managed by the City of Los Angeles, Department of Cultural Affairs (DCA).

Movie palace
A movie palace (or picture palace in the United Kingdom) is a large, elaborately decorated movie theater built from the 1910s to the 1940s. The late 1920s saw the peak of the movie palace, with hundreds opening every year between 1925 and 1930. With the rise of television in the 1950s, movie attendance dropped, while the rising popularity of large multiplex chains in the 1980s and 1990s signaled the obsolescence of single-screen theaters. Many movie palaces were razed or converted into multiple-screen venues or performing arts centers, though some have undergone restoration and reopened to the public as historic buildings.

There are three architectural design types of movie palaces: the classical-style movie palace, with opulent, luxurious architecture; the atmospheric theatre, which has an auditorium ceiling that resembles an open sky as a defining feature; and the Art Deco theaters that became popular in the 1930s.
Librarians in popular culture
Librarians in popular culture can be found across many different mediums, including film, television, music and literature. Their portrayal is varied and can represent or subvert various stereotypes. Libraries and librarians are recurring elements in fiction.

The Librarian (franchise)
The Librarian is a franchise that includes a series of original fantasy-adventure made-for-television films from TNT starring Noah Wyle as the Librarian, who protects a secret collection of magical artifacts. Two television series have also been produced, following the films.
Ontario Highway 533
Secondary Highway 533, commonly referred to as Highway 533, is a provincially maintained secondary highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The route begins in the town of Mattawa, at Highway 17, and travels north to Highway 63. Between these two junctions is a large barren expanse of wilderness with almost no habitation. Mattawa is the only community along the route. Highway 533 was assumed in 1956, along with many of the secondary highways in the province. It was later extended to Highway 63 in 1958, establishing the route as it remains today. A roundabout with Highway 17 was opened in late 2011, the first on a provincial highway in Ontario.

Ontario Highway 63
King's Highway 63, commonly referred to as Highway 63, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The 63.5-kilometre (39.5 mi) route travels from Highway 11 and Highway 17 (the Trans-Canada Highway) in North Bay northeast to the Ontario-Quebec provincial boundary, where it continues as Route 101 into Témiscaming.

The route was assumed in 1937, following the merger of the Department of Northern Development (DND) into the Department of Highways (DHO), predecessor to the modern Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO). It travelled from what was then Highway 11 (Main Street) in downtown North Bay northeast to its present terminus. The highway follows the same route today, with the exception of the westernmost 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi), which were transferred to the City of North Bay in 1998.
Threshers Bush
Threshers Bush or Thresher's Bush is a hamlet and road in the civil parishes of both Matching and High Laver, and the Epping Forest district of Essex, England.

The M11 motorway is 1 mile (1.6 km) to the west, over which is the Harlow suburb of Church Langley. Junction 7 of the M11 is 2 miles (3.2 km) southwest, through which runs the A414 road to the county town of Chelmsford 15 miles (24 km) to the east. Settlements within 1 mile include the hamlets of Hastingwood (southwest), Foster Street (west) and Magdalen Laver (southeast).

Threshers Bush public house is The John Barleycorn at the east of the hamlet

High Laver
High Laver (/ˈleɪvər/ LAY-vər) is a village and civil parish in the Epping Forest district of the county of Essex, England. The parish is noted for its association with the philosopher John Locke. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 259.
1985 NCAA Division I field hockey tournament
The 1985 NCAA Division I field hockey tournament was the fifth annual single-elimination tournament hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the national champion of women's collegiate field hockey among its Division I members in the United States, the culmination of the 1985 NCAA Division I field hockey season.

The third-place game returned for this tournament after a one-year absence.

Connecticut won their second championship, defeating three-time defending champions and hosts Old Dominion in the final, 3–2. The championship rounds were held at Foreman Field in Norfolk, Virginia.

NCAA Division I field hockey tournament
The NCAA Division I field hockey tournament is an American intercollegiate field hockey tournament conducted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and determines the Division I national champion. The tournament has been held annually since 1981.

The championship is contested exclusively by women's teams and there is no equivalent NCAA men's field hockey championship.

The most successful team is the North Carolina Tar Heels, who have eleven titles. In addition, North Carolina has finished national runner-up an NCAA record eleven times.

The most recent championship, in 2025, was won by the Northwestern Wildcats.
Bicine
Bicine is an organic compound used as a buffering agent.  It is one of Good's buffers and has a pKa of 8.35 at 20 °C.  It is prepared by the reaction of glycine with ethylene oxide, followed by hydrolysis of the resultant lactone.

Bicine is a contaminant in amine systems used for gas sweetening. It is formed by amine degradation in the presence of O2, SO2, H2S or Thiosulfate.

Buffer solution
A buffer solution is a solution where the pH does not change significantly on dilution or if an acid or base is added at constant temperature. Its pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical applications. In nature, there are many living systems that use buffering for pH regulation. For example, the bicarbonate buffering system is used to regulate the pH of blood, and bicarbonate also acts as a buffer in the ocean.
France–Iran relations
French–Iranian relations are the international relations between France and Iran. Iran has generally enjoyed a friendly relationship with France since the Middle Ages.  The travels of Jean-Baptiste Tavernier to Safavid Persia are particularly well known. France has an embassy in Tehran and Iran has an embassy in Paris.

Recently, however, relations have soured over Iran's refusal to halt uranium enrichment and France supporting the referral of Iran to the United Nations Security Council.

Eurodif
Eurodif, which means European Gaseous Diffusion Uranium Enrichment Consortium, is a subsidiary of the French company Orano, which operates a uranium enrichment plant, called the Georges-Besse plant, established at the Tricastin Nuclear Power Center in Pierrelatte in Drôme. The nuclear site of Pierrelatte includes many nuclear installations, of which the largest are the Eurodif fuel factory and the Tricastin nuclear power station.

Enriched uranium is the preferred fuel for light water reactors, a common nuclear power technology.
NGC 387
NGC 387 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on December 10, 1873 by Lawrence Parsons. It was described by Dreyer as "very faint, small, round." Along with galaxies NGC 375, NGC 379, NGC 382, NGC 383, NGC 384, NGC 385, NGC 386 and NGC 388, NGC 387 forms a galaxy cluster called Arp 331.

Pisces (constellation)
Pisces  is a constellation of the zodiac. Its vast bulk — and main asterism viewed in most European cultures per Greco-Roman antiquity as a distant pair of fishes connected by one cord each that join at an apex — are in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its traditional astrological symbol is  (♓︎). Its name is Latin for "fishes". It is between Aquarius, of similar size, to the southwest and Aries, which is smaller, to the east. The ecliptic and the celestial equator intersect within this constellation, at the first point of Aries, and in Virgo, at the first point of Libra. The Sun passes directly overhead of the equator, on average, at approximately this point in the sky, at the March equinox.

The right ascension/declination 00 is located within the boundaries of Pisces.
Shane Dowling (hurler)
Shane Dowling (born 21 February 1993) is an Irish hurler who plays as a goalkeeper for club side Na Piarsaigh and previously as a half-forward at inter-county level with the Limerick senior hurling team.

2011 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 2011 Bord Gáis Energy GAA Hurling All-Ireland Under-21 Championship is the 48th staging of the All-Ireland Championship since its inception in 1964. Games were played between 1 June and 10 September 2011. Galway won the title after a 3–14 to 1–10 win against Dublin.
Martin Luther King High School (Philadelphia)
Martin Luther King High School is a neighborhood public high school located in the East Germantown section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is located at the intersection of Stenton Avenue and Haines Street in Philadelphia. It is a neighborhood school, meaning no application is necessary for students who live in the West Oak Lane and Germantown neighborhoods of Philadelphia. It is named after Martin Luther King Jr.

Germantown, Philadelphia
Germantown (German: Deutschstadt [ˈdɔʏtʃˌʃtat]) is an area in Northwest Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded by Palatine, Quaker, and Mennonite families in 1683 as an independent borough, it was absorbed into Philadelphia in 1854. The area, which is about six miles northwest from the city center, now consists of two neighborhoods: Germantown and East Germantown.

Germantown has played a significant role in American history; it was the birthplace of the American antislavery movement, the site of a Revolutionary War battle, the temporary residence of George Washington, the location of the first bank of the United States, and the residence of many notable politicians, scholars, artists, and social activists.

Today, the area remains rich in historic sites and buildings from the colonial era, some of which are open to the public.
Erfurt – Weimar – Weimarer Land II
Erfurt – Weimar – Weimarer Land II is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 192. It is located in central Thuringia, comprising the cities of Erfurt and Weimar as well as the municipality of Grammetal from the Weimarer Land district.

Erfurt – Weimar – Weimarer Land II was created for the 2005 federal election. From 2021 to 2025, it has been represented by Carsten Schneider of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). Since 2025 it is been represented by Bodo Ramelow of The Left.

Grammetal
Grammetal (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʁaməˌtaːl], lit. 'Gramme Valley') is a municipality in the Weimarer Land district, in Thuringia, Germany. It was created with effect from 31 December 2019 by the merger of the former municipalities of Bechstedtstraß, Daasdorf am Berge, Hopfgarten, Isseroda, Mönchenholzhausen, Niederzimmern, Nohra, Ottstedt am Berge and Troistedt, that had previously coöperated in the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Grammetal. It takes its name from the river Gramme, that flows through the municipality.
Tvillingderbyt
Tvillingderbyt (Swedish: [ˈtvɪ̂lːɪŋˌdærbʏt]; lit. 'the Twin Derby') is a football fixture in the capital Stockholm, Sweden, between cross-town rivals AIK Stockholm and Djurgårdens IF. Both clubs were founded in Stockholm in 1891, AIK was first with Djurgårdens IF following three weeks later, but they started playing football in 1896 (AIK) and 1899 (Djurgårdens IF) respectively.

Stockholm City Centre
Stockholm City Centre (Swedish: Stockholms innerstad, Innerstaden, Inre staden) is in Stockholm Municipality, also known as the City of Stockholm, part of the Stockholm urban area in Sweden.

Since 2007, Stockholm City Centre has been organized into four stadsdelsområden (sometimes translated as "boroughs"): Kungsholmen, Södermalm, Norrmalm, and Östermalm. Before 2007, it was organized into five boroughs: Katarina-Sofia borough, Kungsholmen borough, Maria-Gamla stan borough, Norrmalm borough, and Östermalm borough.

The border between the historical provinces of Södermanland and Uppland splits Stockholm City Centre in two parts. 179,185 people live on an area of 28.05 km2 in the northern (Uppland) part, which gives a density of 6,388.06/km2. The same data for the southern (Södermanland) part is 103,646 people on 7.44 km2, giving a density of 13,930.91/km2. This border is purely historical and has no administrative significance.
1968 California League season
The 1968 California League was a Class A baseball season played between April 19 and September 4. Eight teams played a 140-game schedule, as the winner of each half of the season qualified for the California League championship round.

The Fresno Giants won the California League championship, as they defeated the San Jose Bees in the final round of the playoffs.

San Jose Giants
The San Jose Giants are a Minor League Baseball team of the California League and the Single-A affiliate of the San Francisco Giants. Located in San Jose, California, the Giants play their home games at Excite Ballpark.
Side stitch
A side stitch (or "stitch in one's side") is an intense stabbing abdominal pain under the lower edge of the ribcage that occurs during exercise. It is also called a side ache, side cramp, muscle stitch, or simply stitch, and the medical term is exercise-related transient abdominal pain (ETAP). It sometimes extends to shoulder tip pain, and commonly occurs during running, swimming, and horseback riding. Approximately two-thirds of runners will experience at least one episode of a stitch each year. The precise cause is unclear, although it most likely involves irritation of the abdominal lining, and the condition is more likely after consuming a meal or a sugary beverage. If the pain is present only when exercising and is completely absent at rest, in an otherwise healthy person, it does not require investigation. Typical treatment strategies involve deep breathing and/or manual pressure on the affected area.

Abdominal pain
Abdominal pain, also known as a stomach ache, is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues. Since the abdomen contains most of the body's vital organs, it can be an indicator of a wide variety of diseases. Given that, approaching the examination of a person and planning of a differential diagnosis is extremely important.

Common causes of pain in the abdomen include gastroenteritis and irritable bowel syndrome. About 15% of people have a more serious underlying condition such as appendicitis, leaking or ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, diverticulitis, or ectopic pregnancy. In a third of cases, the exact cause is unclear.
1982 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships
The 1982 NCAA Men's Division I Swimming and Diving Championships were contested in March 1982 at the Schroeder Swimming Center in Brown Deer, Wisconsin at the 59th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.

UCLA topped the team standings for the first time; as of 2016, this remains the Bruins' only men's team title.

The inaugural NCAA Women's Division I Swimming and Diving Championships were held concurrently at the O'Connell Center at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida and were won by hosts Florida. The men's and women's titles would not be held at the same site until 2006.

2006 NCAA Division I Swimming and Diving Championships
The 2006 NCAA Division Swimming and Diving Championships refer to one of two events held during March 2006 to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men's and women's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States:

2006 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships– held at the Georgia Tech Aquatic Center at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia and won by Auburn

2006 NCAA Division I Women's Swimming and Diving Championships – held at the Gabrielsen Natatorium at the University of Georgia in Athens, Georgia and won by Auburn