hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Improvised weapon
An improvised weapon is an object that was not designed to be used as a weapon but can be put to that use. They are generally used for self-defence or if the person is otherwise unarmed. In some cases, improvised weapons are commonly used by attackers in street fights, muggings, murders, gang warfare, during riots, or even during insurgencies, usually when conventional weapons such as firearms are unavailable or inappropriate.

Improvised weapons are common everyday objects that can be used in a variety of defensive applications. The objects are generally used in their normal state; they are not physically altered in any way to make them more functional as weapons.

Street fighting
Street fighting or street combat is hand-to-hand combat in public places between individuals or groups of people. The venue is usually a public place (e.g., a street), and the fight sometimes results in serious injury or even death. Some street fights can be gang related.

A typical situation involves two individuals arguing in a bar, during which dispute one suggests stepping outside, where the fight commences. It is often possible to avoid the fight by withdrawing from the situation; whereas in self-defense, a person is actively trying to escape the confrontation, using force if necessary to ensure their own safety.

In some martial arts communities, street fighting and self-defense are often considered synonymous.
2010 Aberto de Bahia
The 2010 Aberto de Bahia was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the first (and to date only) edition of the tournament which is part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Salvador, Brazil between 16 and 22 August 2010.

2010 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2010 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprises 13 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and approximately 150 regular series tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $150,000.
Lamington, South Lanarkshire
Lamington is a conservation village in South Lanarkshire in Scotland, roughly between Biggar and Lanark and sits astride the A702 trunk road.

It is reputed to be the home of Marion Braidfute, legendary wife of William Wallace.

It has also been claimed that the village gave its name to the Lamington sponge cake popular in Australia.

The feudal barony of Lamington was granted to William de Baillie, 2nd  of Hoprig, in 1368, who was the son-in-law of Sir William Seton. The caput of the barony was originally at Lamington Tower.

Biggar, South Lanarkshire
Biggar (Scottish Gaelic: Bigear [ˈpikʲəɾ]) is a town, parish and former burgh in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, in the Southern Uplands near the River Clyde on the A702. The closest neighbouring towns are Lanark, Peebles and Carluke.
JSD Partizan
Jugoslovensko sportsko društvo Partizan (Serbian Cyrillic: Југословенско спортско друштво Партизан, lit. 'Yugoslav Sports Society Partizan'), commonly abbreviated as JSD Partizan (Serbian Cyrillic: ЈСД Партизан), is a multi-sport club from Belgrade, Serbia. Founded on 4 October 1945, it is an umbrella organization featuring 32 clubs in 26 different sports. JSD Partizan's clubs have won 854 trophies, including 19 European trophies, 27 Regional trophies, 563 National Leagues, 224 National Cups, 13 National Super Cups and 8 Winter championships. JSD Partizan's athletes have won 76 Olympic medals, including 26 gold, 33 silver and 17 bronze medals.

Yugoslav Volleyball Championship
The Yugoslav Volleyball Championship was the highest level of volleyball competition in SFR Yugoslavia, contested between 1945 and 1991. After the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the league was succeeded by the following competitions:

Premier League of Volleyball of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Croatia Volleyball Championship

Macedonian Volleyball Championship

Slovenian Volleyball League (men)

Slovenian Volleyball League (women)

Serbian Volleyball League (men)

Serbian Volleyball League (women)

Montenegrin Volleyball League(men)

Montenegrin Volleyball League (women)
Coptotermes lacteus
Coptotermes lacteus, the milk termite, is a species of termite in the family Heterotermitidae, native to Australia. These termites are social insects and build a communal nest in the form of a mound. From this, a network of galleries extends through the nearby soil, enabling the workers to forage in the surrounding area without emerging on the surface of the ground.

Heterotermitidae
Heterotermitidae, or the Subterranean termites, is a family of termites that was elevated to family level from the subfamily Heterotermitinae,
formerly nested in Rhinotermitidae. Recent cladistic analyses as of 2024 position Heterotermitidae as sister to the Termitidae, forming the clade Geoisoptera. This family includes the most economically significant termites, Reticulitermes, Heterotermes, and especially Coptotermes with C. formosanus in particular costing an estimated >$2.2 billion in annual damages within the United States alone. They primarily feed through the soil-wood interface, foraging for food through the soil and mud tubes. The nests of most species are typically diffuse subterranean galleries and tunnels, however Coptotermes is known to build more complex centralized nests built from carton, with some species building mounds.
2 Kings 19
2 Kings 19 is the nineteenth chapter of the second part of the  Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the Second Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BC, with a supplement added in the sixth century BC. This chapter records the invasion of Assyrian to Judah during the reign of Hezekiah, the king of Judah, a part of the section comprising 2 Kings 18:1 to 20:21, with a parallel version in Isaiah 36–39.

Lachish reliefs
The Lachish reliefs are a set of Assyrian palace reliefs narrating the story of the Assyrian victory over the kingdom of Judah during the siege of Lachish in 701 BC. Carved between 700 and 681 BC, as a decoration of the South-West Palace of Sennacherib in Nineveh (in modern Iraq), the relief is today in the British Museum in London, and was included as item 21 in the BBC Radio 4 series A History of the World in 100 Objects by the museum's former director Neil MacGregor. The palace room, where the relief was discovered in 1845–1847, was fully covered with the "Lachish relief" and was 12 metres (39 ft) wide and 5.10 metres (16.7 ft) long. The Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal sequence was found in the same palace.
Vladimír Špidla
Vladimír Špidla (Czech pronunciation: [ˈvlaɟɪmiːr ˈʃpɪdla]; born 22 April 1951) is a Czech politician who served as the prime minister of the Czech Republic from July 2002 to August 2004 and as European Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities from November 2004 to February 2010. He also served as chief adviser to Prime Minister Bohuslav Sobotka from 2014 to 2017.

Prime Minister of the Czech Republic
The prime minister of the Czech Republic (Czech: Předseda vlády České republiky) is the head of the government of the Czech Republic and the de facto leader and most powerful member of the executive branch.

The Constitution provides that certain presidential actions require the prime minister's countersignature, including in appointing judges and ambassadors, commanding the military, ratifying treaties and issuing amnesties.

The current prime minister, Andrej Babiš, leader of ANO, was sworn-in by President Petr Pavel on 9 December 2025, following the 2025 election and serves as the 14th person in the office.
BaFa' BaFa'
BaFá BaFá is a face-to-face learning simulation (game), invented by Dr. R. Garry Shirts in 1974, who also invented StarPower, and is published by Simulation Training Systems, Inc.
The simulation is intended to improve participants' cross-cultural competence by helping them understand the impact of culture on the behavior of people and organizations. Participants experience "culture shock" by traveling to and trying to interact with a culture in which the people have different values, different ways of behaving and different ways of solving problems.

Cultural competence
Cultural competence, also known as intercultural competence, is a range of cognitive, affective, behavioral, and linguistic skills that lead to effective and appropriate communication with people of other cultures. Intercultural or cross-cultural education are terms used for the training to achieve cultural competence.
Ashburton Art Gallery and Heritage Centre
Ashburton Art Gallery and Heritage Centre is an art gallery and museum complex located in the town of Ashburton, New Zealand, owned and operated by the Ashburton District Council. The Ashburton Museum opened in 1972 and moved along with the Ashburton Art Gallery into former County Council buildings in 1995. The museum moved into a new purpose-built facility in 2014, the art gallery following it in 2015. Both institutions merged into a single organisation under the Ashburton District Council in 2021.

Ashburton, New Zealand
Ashburton (Māori: Hakatere) is a large town in the Canterbury Region, on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand. It is the seat of the Ashburton District Council. It is 85 kilometres (53 mi) south west of Christchurch.

The town has a population of 21,600. It is the 29th-largest urban area in New Zealand and the fourth-largest urban area in the Canterbury Region, after Christchurch, Timaru and Rolleston.
2015 Stanford Cardinal football team
The 2015 Stanford Cardinal football team represented Stanford University in the 2015 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Cardinal were led by fifth-year head coach David Shaw. They played their home games at Stanford Stadium and were members of the North Division of the Pac-12 Conference.

In 2015, the Cardinal were the champions of the Pac-12.  After finishing in first place in the North Division, they beat USC in the Pac-12 Championship Game by a score of 41–22.  They defeated Iowa 45–16 in the Rose Bowl on January 1, 2016.

The Cardinal finished the season ranked #3 in the final Coaches Poll, their highest final ranking in the history of that poll. They were similarly ranked #3 in the final AP Poll, their highest final ranking in 75 years, following the 1940 national championship season.

1940 Stanford Indians football team
The 1940 Stanford Indians football team, nicknamed the "Wow Boys", represented Stanford University as a member of the Pacific Coast Conference (PCC) during the 1940 college football season. First-year head coach Clark Shaughnessy inherited a team that finished with a 1–7–1 record the previous season. He installed his own version of the T formation, a system that had largely fallen into disuse since the 1890s and was viewed as obsolete. The Indians shocked observers when they won all ten of their games including the Rose Bowl, which prompted several selectors to declare them the 1940 national champions. Stanford's dramatic reversal of fortunes prompted football programs across the nation to abandon the single-wing formation in favor of the newly reminted T formation.
Lößnitz tramway
The Lößnitz tramway (German: Lößnitzbahn or Lößnitzschaukel) was a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) interurban tramway that connected Dresden with Radebeul in the German state of Saxony. It should not be confused with the Radebeul–Radeburg railway, known in German as the Lößnitzgrundbahn or Lößnitzdackel, which is a 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) gauge steam railway.

Radebeul
Radebeul (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaːdəˌbɔʏl] ⓘ; Upper Sorbian: Radobyle) is a town (große Kreisstadt) in the Elbe valley in the district of Meißen in Saxony, Germany, a suburb of Dresden.  It is well known for its viticulture, a museum dedicated to writer Karl May, and a narrow-gauge railway connecting Radebeul with the castle of Moritzburg and the town of Radeburg.  The Meißen area, where Radebeul is located, is one of the northeasternmost areas where wine is grown in the 21st century.

It is sometimes called the "Nice of Saxony" for its pleasant landscape and mild climate.
Wrist pain
Wrist pain is a pain in the area of the wrist. It most commonly results from an injury to a ligament. The pain may be sharp from a traumatic injury or from chronic repetitive wrist activities.

Pain may be caused after exerting the wrist, as may occur during weight lifting, in any weight-bearing or athletic activity, manual labor, or from injury to nerves, muscles, ligaments, tendons or bones of the wrist. Wrist pain may result from nerve compression, tendonitis, osteoarthritis or carpal tunnel syndrome.

Scapholunate ligament injury
Scapholunate ligament injury is a disruption of the ligament connecting the scaphoid and lunate bones within the wrist. It may be partial or complete. If untreated, complications include a form of wrist osteoarthritis called scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC).
Southeast Borneo Federation
Southeast Borneo Federation (Indonesian: Federasi Kalimantan Tenggara) was an autonomous area formed in the southeastern part of Indonesian island of Borneo by the Netherlands in 1948 as part of an attempt to re-establish the colony of the Dutch East Indies during the Indonesian National Revolution.  Southeast Borneo became a constituent part of the United States of Indonesia in 1949.  The Federation was dissolved on 18 April 1950 and combined with Great Dayak and Bandjar to form South Kalimantan Province.

United States of Indonesia
The United States of Indonesia (Indonesian: Republik Indonesia Serikat, lit. 'Republic of the United States of Indonesia'; Dutch: Verenigde Staten van Indonesië; abbreviated as RIS or RUSI, also known as Federal Republic of Indonesia) was a short-lived federal state to which the Netherlands formally transferred sovereignty of the Dutch East Indies (except Netherlands New Guinea) on 27 December 1949 following the Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference. This transfer ended the four-year conflict between Indonesian nationalists and the Netherlands for control of Indonesia.  It lasted less than a year, before being replaced by the unitary Republic of Indonesia.
Bvckup 2
Bvckup 2 is a backup software for the Windows NT family, developed by Swiss-based IO Bureau SA. It replicates files from one location to another in their original format and uses delta copying to speed up its operation. The program supports scheduling, removable device tracking, using Shadow Copy service to transfer open or locked files, move and renaming detection, security attribute cloning, and email alerts.

Backup software
Backup software is software for creating a copy of computer data such as  files and databases, called a backup, with the intention to recover from data loss. It may support extracting data from a backup and even restoring it to its original location.
Wallagaraugh River
The Wallagaraugh River is a perennial river of the Genoa River catchment, with its headwaters located in the South Coast region of New South Wales and its lower reaches located in the East Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia. In earlier times, an alternative name for the river was Timbillica River.

South Coast (New South Wales)
The South Coast refers to the narrow coastal belt from the Shoalhaven district in the north to the state border with Victoria in the south in the south-eastern part of the State of New South Wales, Australia. It is bordered to the west by the coastal escarpment of the Southern Tablelands, and is largely covered by a series of national parks, namely Jervis Bay National Park, Eurobodalla National Park, and Beowa National Park. To the east is the coastline of the Pacific Ocean, which is characterised by rolling farmlands, small towns and villages along a rocky coastline, interspersed by numerous beaches and lakes.

The South Coast includes Shoalhaven district in the north and the Bega Valley in the more remote south as well as the Eurobodalla Shire and the Commonwealth Jervis Bay Territory which is adjacent to the City of Shoalhaven Local Government Area. Some definitions of the region include the Illawarra, but it is often seen as a separate and distinct region of New South Wales.
Salvia pauciserrata
Salvia pauciserrata is a variable and widely distributed species of Salvia native to Peru, north to Venezuela and Costa Rica. It is found in a wide variety of habitats. It reaches 1 to 2 m (3.3 to 6.6 ft) tall. The inflorescence is of terminal racemes, with a large red corolla that is 2.5 to 4 cm (0.98 to 1.57 in) long.

Salvia
Salvia (/ˈsælviə/) is the largest genus of plants in the sage family Lamiaceae, with just under 1,000 species of shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals. Within the Lamiaceae, Salvia is part of the tribe Mentheae within the subfamily Nepetoideae.  One of several genera commonly referred to as sage, it includes two widely used herbs, Salvia officinalis (common sage, or just "sage") and Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary, formerly Rosmarinus officinalis).

The genus is distributed throughout the Old World and the Americas (over 900 total species), with three distinct regions of diversity: Central America and South America (approximately 600 species); Central Asia and the Mediterranean (250 species); Eastern Asia (90 species).
Mendelssohn Foundation
The Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy Foundation is a not-for-profit independent foundation governed according to civil law. It is based in the Mendelssohn House (where the composer lived in the 1840s) in Leipzig.

Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra
The Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra (Gewandhausorchester; also previously known in German as the Gewandhausorchester Leipzig) is a German symphony orchestra based in Leipzig, Germany.  The orchestra is named after the concert hall in which it is based, the Gewandhaus ("Garment House").  In addition to its concert duties, the orchestra also performs frequently in the Thomaskirche and as the official opera orchestra of the Leipzig Opera.
Solo Gang
The Solo Gang (Indonesian: Geng Solo) refers to Indonesian police and military officers active in the city of Surakarta (Solo being the informal name for Surakarta) during the mayoralty of Joko Widodo (2005–2012), who were promoted into high-ranking positions during Widodo's presidency. The term initially referred to police officers but expanded to include military officers. The Solo Gang is noted by observers as Joko Widodo's strategy to consolidate his armed forces and police network, particularly before and after elections.

Surakarta
Surakarta (Javanese: ꦯꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ, Pegon: سوراكارتا), known colloquially as Solo (Javanese: ꦱꦭ; Sålå), is a major city in Central Java, Indonesia. The 46.72 km2 (18.04 sq mi) city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north, Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency to the east and west, and Sukoharjo Regency to the south. On the eastern side of Solo lies Solo River (Bengawan Solo). Its metropolitan area, consisting of Surakarta City and the surrounding six regencies ("Greater Solo Area", formerly Special Region of Surakarta), was home to 6,837,753 inhabitants according to the official estimates for mid 2023, 526,870 of whom reside in the city proper.

Surakarta is the birthplace of the President of Indonesia from 2014 to 2024, Joko Widodo, as well as his son and current Vice President of Indonesia, Gibran Rakabuming Raka. The former served as Mayor of Surakarta from 2005 to 2012, as did the latter from 2021 to 2024.
Boston Marathon Qualifying Standards
Boston Marathon qualifying standards allow runners to qualify for the Boston Marathon by running a previous marathon with a stipulated result within a stipulated calendar time frame.

The standards have been in place since 1970 for male runners and 1972 for female runners. The standards are published by the Boston Athletic Association (B.A.A.), in advance of the qualifying window.

To "qualify" for the Boston Marathon runners need to have run a marathon at a time given for their gender and age (as shown in the tables below). Before the 2012 marathon, qualification allowed runners to register and run the race. Since 2012, "qualifiers" who do not meet additional cutoff criteria (see below) are not eligible to enter the marathon by virtue of time qualification.

Boston Athletic Association
The Boston Athletic Association (B.A.A.) is a non-profit dedicated to organized sports, with a focus on running, in the Greater Boston area.: 13, 23, 28  The B.A.A. hosts such events as the Boston Marathon, the B.A.A. 5K, the B.A.A. 10K, the B.A.A. Half Marathon, the B.A.A. Distance Medley (comprising the 5k, 10K, and half marathon events), and the B.A.A. Invitational Mile.

The current mission of the B.A.A. is "to promote a healthy lifestyle through sports, especially running" for all people.: 130
Swimming at the 2003 Pan American Games – Women's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay
The Women's 4x200m Freestyle Relay event at the 2003 Pan American Games took place on August 12, 2003 (Day 11 of the Games). There were only six entries and therefore no preliminary heats for this event.

Swimming at the 2003 Pan American Games
The Swimming competition at the 14th Pan American Games was held August 12–18, 2003 in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. The competition was held in the outdoor (50 m) pool of the Juan Pablo Duarte Olympic Center. It featured 32 long course (50 m) events (equally split between men and women).

Two swimmers won the first medals of their countries in swimming at Pan American Games at all times: Kristel Köbrich for Chile, and Gisela Morales for Guatemala.
Hurley Chalk Pit
Hurley Chalk Pit is a  1-hectare (2.5-acre) nature reserve  west of Maidenhead in Berkshire. It is managed by the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust.

This chalk pit, which was dug more than 150 years ago, is warm and sheltered and it has 15 species of butterfly, including common blues and gatekeepers. There are varied habitats, with woodland, scrub, grassland and hedges.

There is access from a footpath which runs north from Warren Row.

Warren Row
Warren Row is a village in Berkshire, England, and part of the civil parish of Hurley. The settlement lies between the A321 road, A4 and A4130 roads, and is located approximately 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southeast of Henley-on-Thames. It contains a green tin tabernacle church.
Weddicar
Weddicar is a civil parish in Cumberland, Cumbria, England. At the 2011 census it had a population of 451.

The parish has an area of 712.98 hectares (1,761.8 acres). It lies east of Whitehaven and west of Cleator Moor; the main settlement is the hamlet of Keekle. The northwestern boundary of the parish follows the River Keekle. The B 5295 road from Whitehaven to Cleator Moor crosses the parish, as did the Cleator and Workington Junction Railway (closed 1992, now dismantled although Keekle Viaduct remains).

There is a parish council, the lowest level of local government.

Cleator Moor
Cleator Moor /ˈkliːtər ˈmʊər/ is a town and civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. The parish was historically called Cleator. During the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, the new settlement of Cleator Moor was built on the moorland to the north of Cleator village, based around mining and the iron industry. There was a significant influx of Irish immigrants in the latter half of the 19th century, leading to the colloquial title of Little Ireland. Cleator Moor grew to become the main settlement in the parish, which was formally renamed Cleator Moor in 1934. Cleator village remains part of the parish, and is now classed as part of the built up area of Cleator Moor by the Office for National Statistics.

The town stands below Dent Fell, and is on the 190 miles (310 km) Coast to Coast Walk that spans Northern England.