hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calvin Levels
Calvin Levels (born September 30, 1954) is an American film actor. In 1984, he won a Theatre World Award and was nominated for both the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Play and the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play for his portrayal of Calvin Jefferson in Open Admissions. Levels is known for his roles in the films The Atlanta Child Murders (1985), Adventures in Babysitting (1987), Johnny Suede (1991), and Hellbound (1994). For his role in The Atlanta Child Murders, Levels had to drastically change his diet and quit exercising, which he said took months to undo.

Theatre World Award
The Theatre World Award is an American honor presented annually to actors and actresses in recognition of an outstanding New York City stage debut performance, either on Broadway or off-Broadway. It was first awarded for the 1945–1946 theatre season.
1864 Town of New Plymouth by-election
The 1864 Town of New Plymouth by-election was a by-election held  on 18 November 1864 in the Town of New Plymouth electorate during the 3rd New Zealand Parliament.

The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent, Henry Hanson Turton on 21 October 1864.

He was replaced by Charles Brown.  Brown was the only nomination, so was declared elected unopposed.

New Plymouth (electorate)
New Plymouth is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was first created for the 1st New Zealand Parliament in 1853 and has existed since, with one 32-year interruption. The electorate was initially called Town of New Plymouth.

The electorate is currently held by David MacLeod for National. He defeated Labour’s Glen Bennett in the 2023 general election by 6,991 votes.
Raskuporis Cove
Raskuporis Cove (Bulgarian: залив Раскупорис, romanized: zaliv Raskuporis, IPA: [ˈzalif rɐskoˈpɔris]) is the 1.77 km wide cove indenting for 700 m the south coast of Byers Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  Entered west of Sevar Point and east of Devils Point, and connected to Osogovo Bay to the northwest by the 20 m wide passage of Hell Gates.

The cove is named after King Raskuporis of Thrace, 48-42 BC.

Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name Smolensk, 62°36′S 60°30′W﻿ / ﻿62.600°S 60.500°W﻿ / -62.600; -60.500) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.
Monsters in Dungeons & Dragons
In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, the term monster refers to a variety of creatures, some adapted from folklore and legends and others invented specifically for the game. Included are traditional monsters such as dragons, supernatural creatures such as ghosts, and mundane or fantastic animals. A defining feature of the game: 5  is that monsters are typically obstacles that players must overcome to progress through the game. Beginning with the first edition in 1974, a catalog of game monsters (bestiary) was included along with other game manuals, first called Monsters & Treasure and now called the Monster Manual. As an essential part of Dungeons & Dragons, many of its monsters have become iconic and recognizable even outside D&D, becoming influential in video games, fiction, and popular culture.

Alignment (Dungeons & Dragons)
In the Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) fantasy role-playing game, alignment is a categorization of the ethical and moral perspective of player characters, non-player characters, and creatures.

Most versions of the game feature a system in which players make two choices for characters. One is the character's views on "law" versus "chaos", the other on "good" versus "evil". The two axes, along with "neutral" in the middle, allow for nine alignments in combination. Later editions of D&D have shifted away from tying alignment to specific game mechanics; instead, alignment is used as a roleplaying guide and does not need to be rigidly adhered to by the player. According to Ian Livingstone, alignment is "often criticized as being arbitrary and unreal, but... it works if played well and provides a useful structural framework on which not only characters but governments and worlds can be moulded."
Affan Mitul
Affan Mitul (born 2 March 1988) is a Bangladeshi film actor. He made his debut in 2014 with national film award winning movie "Nekabborer Mohaproyan", after this movie he appearing in several films. In 2022, he acted in  a film as protagonist titled Moyna which was produced by Jaaz Multimedia. He plays the role of a "rockstar Roni" in this film. He has appeared in a number of released and upcoming films such as Adom, where he got as co artist Miss World Bangladesh fame Zannatul Ferdous Oishee  Gontobyo, Nishchup Bhalobasha, Nekabborer Mohaproyan, Horijon etc are Affan Mitul's acted some significant movies.

Jayanta Chattopadhyay
Jayanto Chattopadhyay (born 28 July 1946) is a Bangladeshi actor and reciter. He studied English literature from Calcutta University. He portrayed the famous character Misir Ali in a television drama named Trishna.
Iowa Highway 340
Iowa Highway 340 (Iowa 340) connected U.S. Highway 18 Business (US 18 Bus.) in McGregor to Pikes Peak State Park.  It was designated in 1936 to connect Pikes Peak State Park to the primary highway system, which it did until it was turned over to Clayton County in 2003.  It was turned over along with 700 miles (1,100 km) of other short highways that primarily served local traffic.  It was mostly replaced by County Road X56.  Aside from a short connector to the state park gate, the route was a part of the Great River Road.

Iowa Department of Transportation
The Iowa Department of Transportation (Iowa DOT) is the government organization in the U.S. state of Iowa responsible for the organization, construction, and maintenance of the primary highway system.  Located in Ames, Iowa, DOT is also responsible for licensing drivers and programming and planning for aviation, rail, and public transit.

The organization was created in 1904 as the Iowa State Highway Commission, an extension of Iowa State College in Ames.  In 1913, the commission was spun off from the college and became a government organization.  In 1974, the highway commission was folded into a larger transportation department with other modes of transportation.
2018 L'Open 35 de Saint-Malo
The 2018 L'Open 35 de Saint-Malo was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the twenty-third edition of the tournament and was part of the 2018 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Saint-Malo, France, on 17–23 September 2018.

2018 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2018 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's Circuit is a second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $100,000.
Gmina Miękinia
Gmina Miękinia is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is in Miękinia, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Środa Śląska, and 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 179.48 square kilometres (69.3 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population was 16,603. It is part of the larger Wrocław metropolitan area.

Środa Śląska
Środa Śląska (/ˈʃroʊdə ˈʃlɒ̃skə/, Polish: [ˈɕrɔda ˈɕlɔ̃ska]; German: Neumarkt in Schlesien) is a town in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of Środa County, and of the smaller administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Środa Śląska. The town lies approximately 32 km (20 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław, on the Średzka Woda creek. As of 2019, the town has a population of 9,516. It is part of the Wrocław metropolitan area.

The town emerged from a medieval Polish trade settlement in the 13th century, and its town rights, granted by Henry the Bearded, became a model for municipal rights of more than 100 towns in Poland. The town has been an important craft and trade center since and has a number of heritage structures, including in Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque styles, and is the site of the discovery of the medieval Środa Treasure.
NTV (Kenyan TV channel)
NTV is a Kenyan general entertainment channel. It used its current name in 2005. It is a popular TV station in Kenya along with Citizen TV, Kenya Television Network, Kenya Broadcasting Corporation among other Kenyan broadcasting channels.

Kenya Television Network
Kenya Television Network (KTN) is a Kenyan free-to-air television network that was launched in March 1990 by Jared Kangwana. It is headquartered at Standard Group Centre, Nairobi. It was the first  privately owned free-to-air television network in Africa, and the first to break Kenya Broadcasting Corporation's (KBC) monopoly in Kenya.

KTN became famous for activist journalism in the 1990s.
José Ángel Zubiaur Alegre
José Ángel Zubiaur Alegre (1918–2012) was a Spanish right-wing politician. Throughout most of his life he remained active as a Carlist militant and held some positions in the regional Navarrese party executive. In the 1970s he left the movement and contributed to the birth of a Navarrista party, Unión del Pueblo Navarro. His career climaxed during the Cortes term in 1967–1971, when he strove to liberalize the regime and gained nationwide recognition. In 1948–1951 and 1983–1987 he served also in the regional Navarrese self-government.

Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma
Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma and Piacenza (8 April 1930 – 18 August 2010) was the head of the ducal House of Bourbon-Parma from 1977 until his death. Carlos Hugo was a Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain and sought to change the political direction of the Carlist movement through the Carlist Party, of which he was the official head during the fatal Montejurra incidents. His marriage to Princess Irene of the Netherlands in 1964 caused a constitutional crisis in the Netherlands.
John Hutchinson (industrialist)
John Hutchinson (1825 – 24 March 1865) was a chemist and industrialist who established the first chemical factory in Widnes, then Lancashire now Cheshire (from April 1998), England.  He moved from working in a chemical factory in St Helens and built his own chemical factory in 1847 in the Woodend area of Widnes near to Widnes Dock by the junction of the Sankey Canal and the River Mersey.  In this factory he manufactured alkali by the Leblanc process.

He later opened a second alkali factory nearby and developed a number of other business interests.  He died at the early age of 40 by which time a number of other chemical factories had opened in the town.

Leblanc process
The Leblanc process was an early industrial process for making soda ash (sodium carbonate) used throughout the 19th century, named after its inventor, Nicolas Leblanc.  It involved two stages: making sodium sulfate from sodium chloride, followed by reacting the sodium sulfate with coal and calcium carbonate to make sodium carbonate.  The process gradually became obsolete after the development of the Solvay process.
1950 All-America college football team
The 1950 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose All-America college football teams in 1950. The eight selectors recognized by the NCAA as "official" for the 1950 season are (1) the All-America Board (AAB), (2) the American Football Coaches Association (AFCA), (3) the Associated Press (AP), (4) the Football Writers Association of America (FW), (5) the International News Service (INS), (6) the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), (7) the Sporting News (SN), and (8) the United Press (UP).

Ohio State halfback Vic Janowicz, Army end Dan Foldberg, and Texas guard Bud McFadin were the only three players to be unanimously named first-team All-Americans by all eight official selectors. Janowicz was awarded the 1950 Heisman Trophy.

Vic Janowicz
Victor Felix Janowicz (February 26, 1930 – February 27, 1996) was an American football halfback and baseball catcher whose promising National Football League (NFL) career was cut short in a automobile accident in southern California. In 1950, he was awarded the Heisman Trophy and selected as the UPI College Football Player of the Year while a member of the Ohio State Buckeyes team. He was the first Heisman Trophy winner to play major league baseball. Bo Jackson also achieved the feat 35 years later.

Janowicz was selected in the seventh round of the 1952 NFL draft and played professionally for the Washington Redskins in the 1954 and 1955 seasons. He was one of the few athletes in the post-World War II era to play in both the NFL and Major League Baseball, where he spent two seasons (1953-54) as a catcher for the Pittsburgh Pirates. Janowicz was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1976.
Cefepime/sulbactam
Cefepime/sulbactam is a 1:1 fixed-dose combination of cefepime (a fourth-generation cephalosporin) and sulbactam (a β-lactamase inhibitor). The combination exerts a bactericidal effect by disrupting bacterial cell wall synthesis through transpeptidase inhibition, thereby impairing peptidoglycan cross-linking. It was developed in 2006 by Russian researchers.

Cefepime/sulbactam was approved for medical use in Russia in 2019 and is also registered in Belarus, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Mongolia under the trade name Maxictam-AF.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) or nosocomial pneumonia refers to any pneumonia contracted by a patient in a hospital at least 48–72 hours after being admitted. It is thus distinguished from community-acquired pneumonia. It is usually caused by a bacterial infection, rather than a virus.

Hospital acquired pneumonia is the second most common nosocomial infection (after urinary tract infections) and accounts for 15–20% of the total. It is the most common cause of death among nosocomial infections and is the primary cause of death in intensive care units. It is also one of the most common infections acquired at the hospital in children around the world.

Hospital acquired pneumonia typically lengthens a hospital stay by 1–2 weeks.
Hybrid operating room
A hybrid operating room is an advanced surgical theatre that is equipped with advanced medical imaging devices such as fixed C-arms, X-ray tomography (CT) scanners, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners. These imaging devices enable minimally-invasive surgery. Minimally-invasive surgery is intended to be less traumatic for the patient and minimize incisions on the patient and perform surgery procedure through one or several small cuts.

Though imaging has been a standard part of operating rooms for a long time in the form of mobile C-arms, ultrasound, and endoscopy, these minimally-invasive procedures require imaging techniques that can visualize smaller body parts such as thin vessels in the heart muscle and can be facilitated through intraoperative 3D imaging.

Surgical incision
A surgical incision is a cut made through the skin and soft tissue to facilitate an operation or procedure. Often, multiple incisions are possible for an operation. In general, a surgical incision is made as small and unobtrusive as possible to facilitate safe and timely operating conditions and recovery.
Hualapai Mountains
The Hualapai Mountains are a mountain range located in Mohave County, east of Kingman, Arizona. Rising up to 8,417 feet at its highest peak, the higher elevations of the Hualapai Mountains support Madrean Sky Island habitats, and are host to a plethora of unique flora and fauna in a wide range of microclimates, high above the surrounding Mojave Desert.

Populus tremuloides
Populus tremuloides is a deciduous tree native to cooler areas of North America, one of several species referred to by the common name aspen. It is commonly called quaking aspen, trembling aspen, American aspen, mountain or golden aspen, trembling poplar, white poplar, and popple, as well as others. The trees have tall trunks, up to 25 metres (82 feet) tall, with smooth pale bark, scarred with black. The glossy green leaves, dull beneath, become golden to yellow, rarely red, in autumn. The species often propagates through its roots to form large clonal groves originating from a shared root system. These roots are not rhizomes, as new growth develops from adventitious buds on the parent root system (the ortet).

Populus tremuloides is the most widely distributed tree in North America, being found from Canada to central Mexico. It is the defining species of the aspen parkland biome in the Prairie Provinces of Canada and extreme northwest Minnesota.
Indian Confederation of Labour
The Indian Confederation of Labour is a small trade union federation in India. ICL was affiliated with the World Confederation of Labour. The 2006 founding congress of the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) granted ICL status as an Associated Organization, but this status was revoked by the ITUC General Council in 2008.

World Confederation of Labour
The World Confederation of Labour (WCL) was an international labour organization founded in 1920 and based in Europe. Fascist governments of the 1930s repressed the federation and imprisoned many of its leaders, limiting operations until the end of World War II. In 2006 it became part of the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), ending its existence as an independent organization.
Plectrurus
Common names: burrowing snakes

Plectrurus is a genus of nonvenomous shield tail snakes endemic to the Western Ghats of South India. Currently, three species are recognized. They inhabit high elevation montane Shola forests and are usually found under fallen logs and rocks. Some species are rare while some are quite common in their range.

Uropeltidae
The Uropeltidae, also commonly known as shield-tail snakes, shield-tailed snakes or earth snakes, are a family of primitive, nonvenomous, burrowing snakes native to Peninsular India and Sri Lanka. The name is derived from the Greek words ura ('tail') and pelte ('shield'), indicating the presence of the large keratinous shield at the tip of the tail. Seven or eight genera are recognized, depending on whether Teretrurus rhodogaster is treated in its own genus or as part of Brachyophidium. The family comprises over 50 species. These snakes are not well known in terms of their diversity, biology, and natural history.
Resource depletion
Resource depletion occurs when a natural resource is consumed faster than it can be replenished. The value of a resource depends on its availability in nature and the cost of extracting it. By the law of supply and demand, the scarcer the resource the more valuable it becomes. There are several types of resource depletion, including but not limited to: wetland and ecosystem degradation, soil erosion, aquifer depletion, and overfishing. The depletion of wildlife populations is called defaunation.

It is a matter of research and debate how humanity will be impacted and what the future will look like if resource consumption continues at the current rate, and when specific resources will be completely exhausted.

Resource curse
The resource curse, also known as the paradox of plenty or the poverty paradox, is the hypothesis that countries with an abundance of natural resources (such as fossil fuels and certain minerals) have lower economic growth, lower rates of democracy, or poorer development outcomes than countries with fewer natural resources. There are many theories and much academic debate about the reasons for and exceptions to the adverse outcomes. Most experts believe the resource curse is not universal or inevitable but affects certain types of countries or regions under certain conditions. As of at least 2023, there is no academic consensus on the effect of resource abundance on economic development.
Index of quality engineering articles
This is an alphabetical list of articles pertaining specifically to quality engineering. For a broad overview of engineering, please see List of engineering topics. For biographies please see List of engineers.

Quality management
Quality management (QM) ensures that an organization, product, or service consistently performs as intended. It has four main components: quality planning, quality assurance, quality control, and quality improvement. Customers recognize that quality is an important attribute when choosing and purchasing products and services. Suppliers can recognize that quality is an important differentiator of their offerings, and endeavor to compete on the quality of their products and the service they offer. Thus, quality management is focused both on product and service quality.
Charles Koete
Charles Koete  (died 1 October 2012) was the inaugural Anglican Bishop of Central Solomons, one of the nine dioceses that make up the Anglican Church of Melanesia. He served from 1997 to 2011.

He was succeeded by Ben Seka.

Diocese of Central Solomons
The Diocese of Central Solomons is one of the ten current dioceses of the Anglican Church of Melanesia.

The diocese was inaugurated on 4 May 1997, erected from part of the Diocese of Central Melanesia. The cathedral was and remains Christ the King Cathedral, Tulagi. The Central Solomons diocese was divided on 23 June 2013, in order to erect the new Diocese of Guadalcanal by decision of the Anglican Church of Melanesia General Synod; Rennell and Bellona moved to the new diocese while the Nggela and Savo remained. Following that division, the population covered by the Diocese of Central Solomons was around to 17,700.
Shangyuan, Beipiao
Shangyuan (Chinese: 上园; pinyin: Shàngyuán) is a town in Beipiao, in Liaoning province, China. As of 2020, it has 11 villages under its administration.

Shangyuan Village

Chaoyangsi Village (朝阳寺村)

Goukouzi Village (沟口子村)

Wangdaoying Village (王道营村)

Sanjuxing Village (三巨兴村)

Tubaoying Village (土宝营村)

Kaoshantun Village (靠山屯村)

Chaomidian Village (炒米甸村)

Xiaobeigou Village (小北沟村)

Zhangbaotu Village (张宝吐村)

Madaigou Village (马代沟村)

Beipiao
Beipiao (Chinese: 北票; pinyin: Běipiào; Wade–Giles: Pei3-p'iao4) is a city in Chaoyang prefecture, Liaoning province, in Northeast China. It has a population of 202,807. The main industry in the area is coal mining. With vertical shafts of almost 1000m, these are some of the deepest coal mines in China. The coal produced is used for coking. Daheishan National Forest Park is located in the northwestern part of Beipiao city.

The dinosaur Beipiaosaurus was named after the city where its fossils were found nearby.
Pelham Park and City Island Railway
The Pelham Park and City Island Railway was a short street railway in the Bronx, New York City, which connected City Island with the Bartow station of the Harlem River and Port Chester Railroad on the mainland.  The line existed from 1884 to 1919, most of that time as a horse-drawn system.  The mainland portion was converted to an electrically-driven monorail in 1910, unique in the country at the time, nicknamed The Flying Lady.  Prior to the railway, a stagecoach operated between City Island and Mount Vernon.

The railroad experienced two serious accidents, one during the horse-drawn era, and the second on the inaugural day of monorail service.  The line was never a commercial success and eventually ceased operation when the company went bankrupt.

Harlem River and Port Chester Railroad
The Harlem River and Port Chester Railroad (HR&PC) was chartered in 1866 as a branch line railroad between New York City and Port Chester, New York. The line opened in 1873 as part of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad and served in various capacities until 1971. The HR&PC is now part of the Hell Gate Line section of Amtrak's high-speed Northeast Corridor.