hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linux for mobile devices
Linux for mobile devices, sometimes referred to as mobile Linux, is the usage of Linux-based operating systems on portable devices, whose primary or only human interface device (HID) is a touchscreen. It mainly comprises smartphones and tablet computers, but also some mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) portable media players that come with a touchscreen separately.

Mobile Linux is a relatively recent addition to the Linux range of use, with Google's Android operating system pioneering the concept. While UBPorts tried to follow suit with Ubuntu Touch, a wider development of free Linux operating systems specifically for mobile devices was only really spurred in the latter 2010s, when various smaller companies started projects to develop open source phones.

EMUI
EMUI (formerly known as Emotion UI) is an interface based on Android developed by Chinese technology company Huawei, used on the company's smartphones primarily globally.

Instead of Google Mobile Services, EMUI devices have used Huawei Mobile Services, such as the Huawei AppGallery, in January 2020 due to United States sanctions imposed during the trade war against China in May 2019. From Version 13 (2022), Huawei additionally bundled the HarmonyOS TEE microkernel with the Android system; this microkernel for example handled identity security features such as the fingerprint authentication.
SPQR tree
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, the triconnected components of a biconnected graph are a system of smaller graphs that describe all of the 2-vertex cuts in the graph. An SPQR tree is a  tree data structure used in computer science, and more specifically graph algorithms, to represent the triconnected components of a graph. The SPQR tree of a graph may be constructed in linear time and has several applications in dynamic graph algorithms and graph drawing.

The basic structures underlying the SPQR tree, the triconnected components of a graph, and the connection between this decomposition and the planar embeddings of a planar graph, were first investigated by Saunders Mac Lane (1937); these structures were used in efficient algorithms by several other researchers prior to their formalization as the SPQR tree by Di Battista and Tamassia (1989, 1990, 1996).

Biconnected graph
In graph theory, a biconnected graph is a connected and "nonseparable" graph, meaning that if any one vertex were to be removed, the graph will remain connected. Therefore a biconnected graph has no articulation vertices.

The property of being 2-connected is equivalent to biconnectivity, except that the complete graph of two vertices is usually not regarded as 2-connected.

This property is especially useful in maintaining a graph with a two-fold redundancy, to prevent disconnection upon the removal of a single edge (or connection).

The use of biconnected graphs is very important in the field of networking (see Network flow), because of this property of redundancy.
1982–83 Missouri Tigers men's basketball team
The 1982–83 Missouri Tigers men's basketball team represented the University of Missouri as a member of the Big Eight Conference during the 1982–83 NCAA men's basketball season. Led by head coach Norm Stewart, the Tigers won the Big Eight regular season title, reached the second round of the NCAA tournament, and finished with an overall record of 26–8 (12–2 Big Eight).

Norm Stewart
Norman Eugene Stewart (born January 20, 1935) is an American retired college basketball coach and player and a former minor league baseball player. He coached at the University of Northern Iowa (then known as State College of Iowa) from 1961 to 1967, but is best known for his career with the University of Missouri from 1967 until 1999. He retired with an overall coaching record of 731–375 in 38 seasons.  The court at Mizzou Arena (and previously at the Hearnes Center) is named in his honor.
Australia at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
Australia was represented at the 2002 Commonwealth Games by a team selected by the Australian Commonwealth Games Association (ACGA) and abbreviated AUS.

Australia officially became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations in 1931 under the Statute of Westminster having become independent of the UK in 1901.

Australia is one of only six countries to have competed in all of the Commonwealth Games held since 1930, although they did attend the 1911 Inter-Empire Championships as part of an Australasian team. This impressive international record extends to its participation in every Olympic Games in the modern era.

At the first Games in 1930 Australia won only 8 medals against England's 61. However, by the first Games of the 21st century held in the city of Manchester, Australia's medal tally had moved to 207, ahead of any other country including England's 165.

Commonwealth Games Australia
Commonwealth Games Australia (CGA) is the Commonwealth Games Association for Australia, and is responsible for representing and promoting the Commonwealth Sport movement in the country, and organises the participation of athletes at the Commonwealth Games and Commonwealth Youth Games.  It changed it name from the Australian Commonwealth Games Association to Commonwealth Games Australia in 2015. The Commonwealth Games have been held in Australia five times, most recently the 2018 Commonwealth Games were held on the Gold Coast, Queensland.
Luere B. Deasy
Luere Babson Deasy (February 8, 1859 – March 13, 1940) was an American lawyer, judge and politician from Maine. Deasy, a Republican from Bar Harbor, served two terms in the Maine Senate (1907–1910), including one as Senate President (1909–1910).  He was appointed by Governor Carl Milliken as a justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court to a seat vacated by the resignation of George E. Bird, serving thereafter from September 25, 1918, to February 7, 1930.

Deasy was originally from Gouldsboro, Maine and graduated from Eastern State Normal School in Castine, Maine and Boston University School of Law. In religion he was a Unitarian. As a practicing lawyer starting in 1886, Deasy was noted for his persuasiveness.

George E. Bird
George Emerson Bird (September 1, 1847 – January 19, 1926), of Portland, Maine, was a justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court from April 13, 1908 to August 29, 1918.

Born in Portland, Maine, Bird attended Portland High School, and received an undergraduate degree from Harvard University in 1869, thereafter read law to be admitted to the bar of Cumberland County, Maine, in 1872.

He was the United States Attorney for the District of Maine from 1885 to 1890, and was a member of the Maine state legislature in 1893 and 1895. He was appointed as an associate justice on April 13, 1908, and served until his resignation on August 28, 1918. He was thereafter appointed as an "active retired justice" in 1923, allowing him to continue assisting with the work of the court.

Bird died in Yarmouth, Maine, at the age of 79.
Broadway (Chicago)
Broadway is a major street in Chicago's Lake View, Uptown, and Edgewater community areas on the city's North Side, running from Diversey Parkway (2800 North) to Devon Avenue (6400 North). Originally called Evanston Avenue, the name of the street was changed to Broadway on August 15, 1913, as part of 467 road name changes enacted on that date. The new name was taken from New York City's famous theater district.

The street runs at a mostly southeast-to-northwest diagonal direction between Diversey Parkway and Lawrence Avenue (4800 North).  Between Lawrence Avenue and Devon Avenue, Broadway runs in a north-to-south direction and becomes 1200 West in place of Racine Avenue. Broadway carries U.S. Route 14 from its terminus at Foster Avenue to the intersection of Ridge and Bryn Mawr Avenues. Broadway is the only street in the city of Chicago that does not have a suffix. It is not a Street, Avenue, Road, Boulevard nor Parkway; it is known simply as Broadway.

Devon Avenue
Devon Avenue /dɪˈvɒn/ is a major east-west street in the Chicago metropolitan area.  It begins at Sheridan Road near the Lake Michigan lakeshore in the City of Chicago, and it runs west until merging with Higgins Road near O'Hare International Airport.  Devon continues on the opposite side of the airport and runs intermittently through Chicago's northwestern suburbs. In the northwest suburbs west of O'Hare Airport, Devon Avenue is the boundary between Cook and DuPage Counties. The street is located at 6400 N in Chicago's address system.
Medad Stone Tavern
The Medad Stone Tavern is a historic house museum at 191 Three Mile Course in Guilford, Connecticut.  Built in 1803 but never actually used as a tavern, it is well-preserved example of early 19th-century Federal period architecture.  It is now maintained as a museum by a local historical society.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

Guilford, Connecticut
Guilford is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. It borders Madison, Branford, North Branford, and Durham. It is situated on I-95 and the Connecticut coast. The town is part of the South Central Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 22,073 at the 2020 census.
Tiff Lacey
Tiffany "Tiff" Lacey (born 29 October 1965) /ˈleɪsi/ is an English trance and electronic dance music (EDM) vocal singer, songwriter, author, and painter. She is the vocalist on several electronic music singles. Best known for her international singles with German producer André Tanneberger (a.k.a. ATB) and for her work with British producer Don Jackson (a.k.a. Headstrong), Matt Darey, and Cosmic Gate. Lacey is the performer with the highest number of officially released collaborations within the EDM genres so far.

Armada Music
Armada Music is a Dutch independent record label that specialises in releasing electronic dance music.

As of 2025, artists signed by Armada Music include Armin van Buuren, Bloom Twins, D.O.D., Eelke Kleijn, Loud Luxury, Shells, Sunnery James & Ryan Marciano, Themba and Trance Wax.
Vermont in the American Civil War
During the American Civil War, the State of Vermont gave strong support to the Union war effort, raising troops and money.  According to Rachel Cree Sherman:

By the spring of 1865 Vermont was devastated, having sent one tenth of its entire population to war, with a loss of over 5,000 lives to battle, wounds, and disease. The state had dedicated nearly $10 million to support the conflict, half of that amount offered up by towns with no expectation of recompense.

St. Albans (city), Vermont
St. Albans is the only city in and the shire town of Franklin County, Vermont, United States. At the 2020 census, the city population was 6,877. St. Albans City is completely surrounded by St. Albans Town, which is a separate municipality. The city is in Northwestern Vermont, about 15 miles south of the Canadian border and 30 miles north of Burlington.
Marina Cherkasova (pair skater)
Marina Evgenievna Cherkasova (Russian: Марина Евгеньевна Черкасова; born 17 November 1964) is a Russian retired pair skater. With Sergei Shakhrai, she won the 1979 European title at the age of 14. At 15, she was the 1980 Olympic silver medalist and 1980 World champion.

1978 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1978 European Figure Skating Championships was a senior-level international competition held in Strasbourg, France from January 31 to February 5. Elite senior-level figure skaters from European ISU member nations competed for the title of European Champion in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.
Hayashiya
Hayashiya is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kikuō Hayashiya (born 1937), Japanese comedian

Sanpei Hayashiya I (1925–1980), Japanese comedian

Hayashiya Sanpei II (born 1970), Japanese comedian

Hayashiya Shōzō IX (born 1962), Japanese storyteller, actor, and voice actor

Kikuō Hayashiya
Kikuō Hayashiya (Japanese: 林家 木久扇, Hepburn: Hayashiya Kikuō; born October 19, 1937) is a Japanese rakugo performer and a featured member of the long-running television comedy show Shōten. His real name is Hiroshi Toyota (豊田 洋, Toyota Hiroshi), although he is most widely known by his previous comedian name Kikuzō Hayashiya (林家 木久蔵), a name he was the first to assume. The new Kikuzō Hayashiya is his son, the former Kikuo Hayashiya (林家 きくお, Hayashiya Kikuo).  On Shōten he always wears a yellow kimono. He is known for making commonplace jokes and usually "plays the fool".
The Emptiness (album)
The Emptiness is the third studio album by American metalcore band Alesana. It was recorded in the fall of 2009 and was released on January 26, 2010 through Fearless Records. The album is considered a rock opera due to its in-depth story. Vocalists Shawn Milke and Dennis Lee have both stated that the idea of writing an album based upon their own authored story has been present with them since the time of the band's first release, Try This with Your Eyes Closed.

Before the release of A Place Where the Sun Is Silent, The Emptiness was Alesana's best-selling album at the time, claiming the 68th position on the Billboard chart upon its release.

Rock opera
A rock opera is a collection of rock music songs, especially a concept album, with lyrics that relate to a common story. The use of various character roles within the song lyrics is a common storytelling device. The success of rock opera has inspired similar works in other musical styles, such as rap opera.

Unlike classical opera, rock operas are typically not scripted for theatrical production, like a classical oratorio, though some have been adapted as rock musicals.
Garda Emergency Response Unit
The Emergency Response Unit (ERU) (Irish: Aonad Práinnfhreagartha) is the police tactical unit of the Garda Síochána, Ireland's national police and security service. The unit was a section of the forces' Special Detective Unit (SDU), under the Crime and Security Branch (CSB) until 2017, when the Special Tactics and Operational Command was created to take over its operational duties alongside Armed Support Units.

The Garda ERU provides the highest tier of firearms response to Irish law enforcement, specialising in weapons tactics, counter-terrorism, execution of high-risk missions, crisis negotiation, hostage rescue and close protection, among other roles. The unit was formed in 1977 as the "Special Task Force" to assist ordinary members of the force in extraordinary situations. The ERU regularly trains with the Irish Army Ranger Wing (ARW), the country's military special operations forces, sharing facilities and equipment.

Police tactical unit
A police tactical unit (PTU) is a specialized police unit trained and equipped to handle situations that are beyond the capabilities of ordinary law enforcement units because of the level of violence (or risk of violence) involved. The tasks of a police tactical unit may include executing dangerous search warrants and arrest warrants for dangerous persons; arresting or neutralizing dangerous or mentally ill armed persons; and intervening in high-risk situations such as shootouts, standoffs, hostage-takings, and terrorist incidents.
Francisco Inestroza
Francisco Inestroza (1810 – ) was President of Honduras from 31 December 1863 – 15 February 1864.

He served as Vice President of Honduras in the cabinet of José María Medina from June 1863 to December 1863.

President of Honduras
The president of Honduras (Spanish: Presidente de Honduras), officially known as the  president of the Republic of Honduras (Spanish: Presidente de la República de Honduras), is the head of state and head of government of Honduras, and the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. According to the 1982 Constitution of Honduras, the Government of Honduras consists of three branches: executive, legislative and judicial. The president is the head of the executive branch, their primary duty being to "execute and enforce the Constitution, treaties and conventions, laws and other legal dispositions". The President is directly elected for a four-year term.
Windows Live Alerts
Windows Live Alerts (formerly MSN Alerts) was a part of the Windows Live services from Microsoft that allowed users to get notification of time-sensitive events and information from various alert content providers. Users were able to choose how and when to receive alerts, so that users may stay informed no matter where they are.

Windows Live Alerts was a free service for users with a Windows Live ID (now Microsoft account). However, some content providers or wireless service providers may charge for using their content or service with Windows Live Alerts. Alerts to wireless devices are available to users in the United States, Canada and China only.

Windows Live Alerts was discontinued from September 30, 2010.

Microsoft account
A Microsoft account or MSA (previously known as Microsoft Passport, .NET Passport, and Windows Live ID) is a single sign-on personal user account for Microsoft customers to log in to consumer Microsoft services (like Outlook.com), devices running on one of Microsoft's current operating systems (e.g. Microsoft Windows computers and tablets, Xbox consoles), and Microsoft application software (e.g. Microsoft Office, Microsoft Teams).
11 Serpentis
11 Serpentis is a single star in the constellation of Serpens, located 271 light years away from the Sun. It has the Bayer designation A1 Serpentis, 11 Serpentis is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.497. It is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −16 km/s.

This is an aging giant star with a stellar classification of K0 III, a star that has used up its core hydrogen and has expanded. It is a red clump giant on the horizontal branch, which indicates it is generating energy through the fusion of helium at its core. 11 Serpentis is 2.75 billion years old with 1.3 times the mass of the Sun and has 11 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 50 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,767 K.

Horizontal branch
The horizontal branch (HB) is a stage of stellar evolution that immediately follows the red-giant branch in stars whose masses are similar to the Sun's. Horizontal-branch stars are powered by helium fusion in the core (via the triple-alpha process) and by hydrogen fusion (via the CNO cycle) in a shell surrounding the core. The onset of core helium fusion at the tip of the red-giant branch causes substantial changes in stellar structure, resulting in an overall reduction in luminosity, some contraction of the stellar envelope, and the surface reaching higher temperatures.
2015 Rossendale Borough Council election
The 2015 Rossendale Borough Council election took place on 7 May 2015 to elect members of the Rossendale Borough Council in England. It was held on the same day as other local elections.

Councillors elected in 2011 were defending their seats this year, and they were contested again in 2019.

2015 United Kingdom local elections
The 2015 United Kingdom local elections were held on Thursday 7 May 2015, the same day as the general election for the House of Commons.

With the exception of those areas that have had boundary changes, the council seats up for election in England were last contested in the 2011 local elections. To date these are the last local elections to coincide with a general election in the United Kingdom.
Bifertenstock
The Bifertenstock, or Romansh: Piz Durschin), is a mountain in the Glarus Alps, located at an elevation of 3,419 m (11,217 ft) on the border between the cantons of Glarus (north) and Grisons (Graubünden, south); its peak, however, is located about 25 metres (82 ft) south of the border. It overlooks four valleys: the valley of the Biferten Glacier to the north-west, the Griess Glacier to the north-east, the Val Punteglias to the south, which leads down to Trun, and the Val Frisal on the south-east. Glaciers cover both sides of the mountain, but are smaller on the southern side.

The mountain lies in the municipalities of Trun and Breil/Brigels, in the canton of Grisons, and Glarus Süd, in the canton of Glarus. The nearest settlements are the villages of Trun, to the south, and Linthal, to the north.

Glarus Alps
The Glarus Alps (German: Glarner Alpen) are a mountain range in central Switzerland. They are bordered by the Uri Alps and the Schwyz Alps to the west, the Lepontine Alps to the south, the Appenzell Alps to the northeast. The eastern part of the Glarus Alps contains a major thrust fault that was declared a geologic UNESCO World Heritage Site (the Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona).

The Glarus Alps extend well beyond the canton of Glarus, including parts of the cantons of Uri, Graubünden, and St Gallen. Conversely, not all the mountains in the canton of Glarus are part of the Glarus Alps, with those to the north of the Urner Boden and to the west of the valley of the river Linth considered to be part of the Schwyz Alps.
Rachel Crothers
Rachel Crothers (December 12, 1870  – July 5, 1958) was an American playwright and theater director known for her well-crafted plays that often dealt with feminist themes. Among theater historians, she is generally recognized as "the most successful and prolific woman dramatist writing in the first part of the twentieth century." One of her most famous plays was  Susan and God (1937), which was made into a film by MGM in 1940 starring Joan Crawford and Fredric March.

Robert Montgomery (actor)
Robert Montgomery (/mɒntˈɡʌməri/; born Henry Montgomery Jr.; May 21, 1904 – September 27, 1981) was an American actor, director, and producer. He began his acting career on the stage, but was soon hired by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). Initially assigned roles in comedies, he soon proved he was able to handle dramatic ones, as well. He appeared in a wide variety of roles, such as the weak-willed prisoner Kent in The Big House (1930), the psychotic Danny in Night Must Fall (1937), and Joe, the boxer mistakenly sent to Heaven in Here Comes Mr. Jordan (1941). The last two earned him nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actor.

During World War II, he drove ambulances in France until the Dunkirk evacuation. When the United States entered the war on December 8, 1941, he enlisted in the Navy, and was present at the invasion at Normandy. After the war, he returned to Hollywood, where he worked in both films, and later, in television. He was also the father of actress Elizabeth Montgomery.
Mujibism
Mujibism (Bengali: মুজিববাদ, romanized: Mujibbad) is a political ideology based on the ideas of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the founding father and first president of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.  Mujibism consists of four fundamental policies: nationalism, socialism, democracy, and secularism. On 7 June 1972, he said that before the country's liberation, the slogans were the Six Point, now the slogans were the four pillars. When the Constitution of Bangladesh was adopted in 1972, the four pillars became the four fundamental state policies of Bangladesh.

Six Point program
The Six Point program was a significant political campaign in East Pakistan, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, advocating for greater autonomy for the region. Initiated in 1966, the movement aimed to address the six demands proposed by a coalition of Bengali nationalist political parties to end the perceived exploitation by West Pakistani rulers. This movement is regarded as a crucial milestone on the path to Bangladesh's independence.