hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jirón Rufino Torrico
Rufino Torrico Street (Spanish: Jirón Rufino Torrico), formerly Arica Street (Spanish: Jirón Arica), is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts before its intersection with the Jirón Conde de Superunda, parallel to the Prolongación Tacna, and continues until it reaches Inca Garcilaso de la Vega Avenue.

Jirón Conde de Superunda
Jirón Conde de Superunda, formerly Jirón Lima, is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión, next to the Palacio Municipal de Lima, and continues until it reaches the Jirón Cañete.
Silver nanoparticle
Silver nanoparticles are nanoparticles of silver of between 1 nm and 100 nm in size. While frequently described as being 'silver' some are composed of a large percentage of silver oxide due to their large ratio of surface to bulk silver atoms. Numerous shapes of nanoparticles can be constructed depending on the application at hand. Commonly used silver nanoparticles are spherical, but diamond , octagonal, and thin sheets are also common.  It is typically used as a colloid, hence the name colloidal silver.

Their extremely large surface area permits the coordination of a vast number of ligands. The properties of silver nanoparticles applicable to human treatments are under investigation in laboratory and animal studies, assessing potential efficacy, biosafety, and biodistribution.

Polyvinylpyrrolidone
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), also commonly called povidone, is a water-soluble polymer compound made from the monomer N-vinylpyrrolidone. PVP is available in a range of molecular weights and related viscosities, and can be selected according to the desired application properties.
Loom (video game)
Loom is a 1990 fantasy-themed graphic adventure game developed and published by Lucasfilm Games for MS-DOS. The project was led by Brian Moriarty, a former Infocom employee and author of classic text adventures Wishbringer (1985), Trinity (1986), and Beyond Zork (1987). It was the fourth game to use the SCUMM adventure game engine, and the first of those to avoid the verb–object interface introduced in Maniac Mansion.

Swan
Swans are birds of the genus Cygnus within the family Anatidae. The swans' closest relatives include geese and ducks. Swans are grouped with the closely related geese in the subfamily Anserinae, forming the tribe Cygnini. Sometimes, they are considered a distinct subfamily, Cygninae. They are the largest waterfowl and are often among the largest flighted birds in their range.

There are six living and many extinct species of swan; in addition, there is a species known as the coscoroba swan, which is no longer considered one of the true swans. Swans usually mate for life, although separation sometimes occurs, particularly following nesting failure, and if a mate dies, the remaining swan will take up with another. The number of eggs in each clutch ranges from three to eight.
International Institute of Modern Letters
The International Institute of Modern Letters (IIML; Māori: Te Pūtahi Tuhi Auaha o te Ao) is a centre of creative writing based within Victoria University of Wellington. Founded in 2001, the IIML offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses (including a PhD in creative writing) and has taught many leading New Zealand writers. It publishes the annual Ōrongohau | Best New Zealand Poems anthology and an online journal, and offers several writing residencies. Until 2013 the IIML was led by the poet Bill Manhire, who had headed Victoria's creative writing programme since 1975; since his retirement, Damien Wilkins has taken over as the IIML's director.

Iowa Writers' Workshop
The Iowa Writers' Workshop, at the University of Iowa, is a graduate-level creative writing program. At 90 years, it is the oldest writing program offering a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree in the United States. Its acceptance rate is between 2.7% and 3.7%. On the university's behalf, the workshop administers the Truman Capote Award for Literary Criticism and the Iowa Short Fiction Award.

The workshop's director is the writer Lan Samantha Chang, under whom its endowment has grown from $2.6 million to $12.5 million.
Al Fahidi Fort (horse race)
The Al Fahidi Fort is a horse race run over a distance of 1,400 metres (seven furlongs) on turf in January at Meydan Racecourse in Dubai. The race is named after the oldest existing building in Dubai.

It was first run in 2003 Nad Al Sheba Racecourse before being transferred to Meydan in 2010.

The race distance was 1600 metres until 2014 it was reduced to 1400 metres.

The race began as a Listed race in 2003. The race was elevated to Group 3 level in 2004 and became a Group 2 event in 2006.

Nad Al Sheba Racecourse
Nad Al Sheba Racecourse was Thoroughbred horse racing facility in Dubai, United Arab Emirates opened in 1986. It had a 2,200 m left-handed dirt race track and a left-handed turf course of the same distance. It operated from November through March and featured the Dubai International Racing Carnival and its Dubai World Cup Night.

Nad Al Sheba Racecourse was demolished in 2009 following hosting the Dubai World Cup race, being replaced by Meydan Racecourse.
Battle of Doboj (1878)
Battle of Doboj was a military engagement between Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire that took place from 4 to 6 September 1878 as part of the Austro-Hungarian military campaign in the Bosnian Vilayet for control of the town of Doboj on the Bosna River. Units of the Austro-Hungarian Expeditionary Force, consisting mainly of the Moravian Infantry Regiments No. 8 from Brno and No. 54 from Olomouc, defeated the Bosnian troops.

Doboj
Doboj (Serbian Cyrillic: Добој, pronounced [dôboj]) is a city in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated on the banks of the Bosna river, in the northern region of Republika Srpska. As of 2013, it has a population of 71,441 inhabitants.

Doboj is the largest national railway junction and the operational base of the Railways Corporation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is one of the oldest cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina and, aside from Banja Luka, the most important urban center in northern Republika Srpska.
Taylor Cornelius
Taylor Cornelius (born September 16, 1995) is an American professional football quarterback. He played college football at Oklahoma State.

Cornelius started as a 5th year senior for the Oklahoma State Cowboys football team in Stillwater, Oklahoma. His final home game in Boone Pickens Stadium was a dramatic come from behind victory over 9th ranked West Virginia on Senior Day.

Tylan Wallace
Tylan Michael Wallace (born May 13, 1999) is an American professional football wide receiver and kickoff returner for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Oklahoma State Cowboys.
M. Vaithianathan
M. Vaithianathan is an INC politician and a current member of the Puducherry Legislative Assembly from the Lawspet constituency. He had earlier won that constituency in an All India N.R. Congress ticket in the 2011 Puducherry Assembly election, polling 10189 votes, defeating V. P. Sivakolundhu of Congress with a margin of 5432 votes. During the 2016 assembly election however, he was denied a ticket from AINRC. He then contested independently but lost to V. P. Sivakolundhu placing himself second in the constituency on poll count. Just prior to the 2021 Puducherry assembly election Vaithianathan joined the Congress party and contested from Lawspet constituency again, this time defeating the Puducherry state BJP president, V. Saminathan by a margin of 5701 votes.

V. P. Sivakolundhu
V. P. Sivakolundhu is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Puducherry Legislative Assembly from Lawspet, Puducherry in the 2016 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election as a member of the Indian National Congress. He was elected as Speaker of Puducherry Legislative Assembly after V. Vaithilingam was elected to Lok Sabha in 2019.
2007 Galway Senior Hurling Championship
The 2007 Galway Senior Hurling Championship was the 110th completed staging of the Galway Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Galway County Board in 1887.

Loughrea entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 21 October 2007 at Pearse Stadium in Galway, between Portumna and Kinvara, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Portumna won the match by 6–12 to 0–11 to claim their third championship title overall and a first title in two years.

2005 Galway Senior Hurling Championship
The 2005 Galway Senior Hurling Championship was the 108th completed staging of the Galway Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Galway County Board in 1887.

Athenry entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 13 November 2005 at Pearse Stadium in Galway, between Portumna and Loughrea, in what was their second meeting in the final overall. Portumna won the match by 3–21 to 3–14 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in two years.
HMS Actaeon (1757)
HMS Actaeon was a 28-gun Coventry-class sixth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy. Her crewing complement was 200 and, when fully equipped, she was armed with 24 nine-pounder cannons, supported by four three-pounders and twelve 1⁄2-pounder swivel guns.

Fitting out
Fitting out, or outfitting, is the process in shipbuilding that follows the float-out/launching of a vessel and precedes sea trials. It is the period when all the remaining construction of the ship is completed and readied for delivery to her owners. Since most of the fitting-out process is interior work, this stage can overlap with latter stages, such as the sea trials.
Acoustic Shards
Acoustic Shards is Buckethead's second special release. It consists of acoustic recordings culled from tapes that were reportedly recorded on July 2, 1991, when Buckethead was 22 years of age.

The album was released on May 31, 2007, by Jas Obrecht, through his label Avabella, who also released the DVDs Young Buckethead Vol. 1 and Young Buckethead Vol. 2.  The album was engineered by Tyler Stipe

"For Mom" was first released officially on the album Colma (1998) and  "Who Me?" followed on Monsters and Robots (1999).

Monsters and Robots
Monsters and Robots is Buckethead's fifth studio album, released April 20, 1999, by Higher Octave records. A large part of the album was co-written with Les Claypool, who also plays bass on several tracks and lends his vocals to the track "The Ballad of Buckethead".

Buckethead promoted the album by opening for Primus in October and November 1999. Monsters and Robots is listed in the German National Library's catalog and is Buckethead's best selling solo album to date.
Gerash, Kerman
Gerash (Persian: گراش, also Romanized as Gerāsh) is a village in Rameshk Rural District, Chah Dadkhoda District, Qaleh Ganj County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 51, in 13 families.

Rameshk Rural District
Rameshk Rural District (Persian: دهستان رمشك) is in Chah Dadkhoda District of Qaleh Ganj County, Kerman province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kangaru. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Rameshk, now a city.
Nikolay Vuich
Nikolay Vasilyevich Vuich (also spelled Nikolaj Vasiljevič Vujič or Nikolaj Vasiljević Vujić; Russian: Никола́й Васи́льевич Ву́ич; 1765 – 27 March 1836) was an Imperial Russian general who fought in the Russo-Swedish War, Russo Turkish War, the Polish campaign and the Napoleonic Wars. He distinguished himself in all the wars in defense of Imperial Russia and contributed his might in the success of the Coalition forces against Napoleon. His portrait now hangs at the 1812 Military Gallery of the Winter Palace.

Golden Weapon for Bravery
The Gold Sword for Bravery (Russian: Золотое оружие "За храбрость") was a Russian award for bravery. It was set up with two grades on 27 July 1720 by Peter the Great, reclassified as a public order in 1807 and abolished in 1917. From 1913 to 1917 it was renamed the Saint George Sword (Георгиевское оружие) and considered one of the grades of the Order of St. George.
Prague-Zbraslav
Prague-Zbraslav is a district in Prague, Czech Republic. It is situated in the southern part of the city, in the administrative district Prague 16. The cadastral area Zbraslav is part of this district.

Zbraslav
Zbraslav (Czech pronunciation: [ˈzbraslaf]; German: Königsaal; Latin Aula Regia) is a municipal district and cadastral area of Prague. The southernmost district of Prague, it lies on the Vltava River in the national administrative district of Prague 16.

The former independent municipality of Zbraslav is now one of two cadastral areas in the Prague-Zbraslav Municipal District. The other is Lahovice.
United States Army Counterintelligence Command
United States Army Counterintelligence Command (ACIC) is the component of United States Army's Military Intelligence Corps that directs counterintelligence (CI) activities to detect, identify, assess, counter, exploit and/or neutralize adversarial, foreign intelligence services, terrorist organizations, and insider threats to the United States Army and United States Department of Defense.

Joint Special Operations University
The Joint Special Operations University (JSOU) is the designated agency within USSOCOM to conduct joint Special Operations Force (SOF) education and thus is tasked with and directed to provide relevant, realistic, leading-edge education opportunities to military and civilian special operations forces personnel around the world, located at MacDill Air Force Base, Florida, United States.

Capable of full-spectrum joint SOF focused instruction, JSOU provides cohesive education support to SOF personnel, and other non-SOF decision makers at intermediate and senior levels. The university conducts off-station tutorials and courses as well as video teleconferencing instruction to supported units worldwide.
Eddie Miller (racing driver, born 1945)
Edward Hayes "Eddie" Miller (January 17, 1945 – April 24, 2021) was a racing driver from Colorado in the United States (not to be confused with the racing driver of the same name born October 7, 1895). Miller drove for Carl Haas in Formula Ford and Formula Super Vee. He also competed in Formula 5000 and Indy Car until a near fatal crash during practice for the 1976 Indianapolis 500 curtailed Miller's career. Miller won the United States Formula Ford National Championship twice, in 1972 and 1974, and he won the US Formula Super Vee title in 1975.

Eddie Miller (racing driver, born 1895)
Edward Miller (October 7, 1895 – August 7, 1965) was an American racing driver.

Miller was also a garage owner, and a mentor and neighbor of Stuart Hilborn and worked with Hilborn to design and build Hilborn's first hot rod to race on the Southern California dry lakes.
Jarosławiec, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Jarosławiec (Polish pronunciation: [jarɔˈswavjɛt͡s]; German: Jershöft) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Postomino, within Sławno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Postomino, 22 km (14 mi) north-west of Sławno, and 180 km (112 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. It is located on the Slovincian Coast in the historic region of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 329.

Postomino
Postomino (Polish pronunciation: [pɔstɔˈminɔ]; German: Pustamin) is a village in Sławno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Postomino. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north of Sławno and 184 km (114 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 625.
Nic Nicandrou
Nicolaos Andreas Nicandrou was the chief executive officer of Prudential Corporation Asia, a subsidiary of Prudential plc.  He was formally the chief financial officer of Prudential plc in the United Kingdom.

Chief financial officer
A chief financial officer (CFO) is an officer of a company or organization who is assigned the primary responsibility for making decisions for the company for projects and its finances; i.a.: financial planning, management of financial risks, record-keeping, and financial reporting, and, increasingly, the analysis of data.
The CFO thus has ultimate authority over the finance unit and is the chief financial spokesperson for the organization.

The CFO typically reports to the chief executive officer (CEO) and the board of directors and may additionally have a seat on the board. The CFO directly assists the chief operating officer (COO) on all business matters relating to budget management, cost–benefit analysis, forecasting needs, and securing of new funding. Some CFOs have the title CFOO for chief financial and operating officer. In most countries, finance directors (FD) typically report into the CFO, and FD is the level before reaching CFO.
China Bazaar Road, Chennai
China Bazaar Road, officially Netaji Subash Chandra Bose Road (or NSC Bose Road), is one of the main thoroughfares of the commercial centre of George Town in Chennai, India. The road connects Rajaji Salai in the east and Wall Tax Road in the west. Passing through thickly populated residential areas of the historical neighbourhood, the road has several streets, lanes, and by lanes joining it, housing several commercial establishments of the city.

Kothawal Chavadi
Kothawal Chavadi is a neighbourhood in Chennai, India. It is situated in the northern part of the city adjoining George Town, Chennai. Until 1996, Kothawal Chavadi housed Asia's largest fruit and vegetable market. The market has since been moved to Koyambedu.
Sverre Stenersen
Sverre Stenersen (18 June 1926 – 17 December 2005) was a Norwegian Nordic combined skier who dominated the event throughout the 1950s. His biggest triumphs were winning individual gold medals at the 1954 World Championships and 1956 Olympics. He also won a bronze at the 1952 Olympics and a silver at the 1958 World Championships. Stenersen won the Nordic combined event at the national championships in 1954–58 and at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1955, 1956 and 1959. In 1955 he received the Holmenkollen medal, shared with King Haakon VII, Hallgeir Brenden, and Veikko Hakulinen.

Stenersen was born on a small farm in Målselv Municipality. In the late 1940s, seeking better training conditions, he moved to the Oslo area and worked there as a lumberjack to earn a living. He retired after placing seventh at the 1960 Winter Olympics and for several years ran a sport store in Målselv. After that he served as secretary for culture and sport in his municipality until retiring by age.

Holmenkollen Ski Festival
The Holmenkollen Ski Festival (Norwegian: Holmenkollen skifestival or Holmenkollrennene) is a traditional annual Nordic skiing event in Holmenkollen, Oslo, Norway. The full official name of the event is Holmenkollen FIS World Cup Nordic.
Johnstonella angustifolia
Johnstonella angustifolia is a species of wildflower in the borage family known by several common names, including Panamint catseye and bristlelobe cryptantha. This plant is native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States from California to Texas, where it grows in desert scrub and woodland.

Boraginaceae
Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-not family, has two significantly different circumscriptions as of December 2025. In the narrower circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu stricto is one of 11 families placed in the order Boraginales and includes about 90–120 genera. This approach was developed by the Boraginales Working Group. In the older, broader circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu lato is the only family in the order Boraginales, and includes about 155 genera.
Huairou Town
Huairou Town (Chinese: 怀柔镇; pinyin: Huáiróu Zhèn) is  a town situated in the southern portion of Huairou District, Beijing, China. It borders Yanqi Town in the north, Beifang Town in the east, Yangsong and Miaocheng Towns in the south, Qiaozi and Bohai Towns in the west, and contains Quanhe and Longshan Subdistricts within. In 2020, its population was 41,990.

Its name Huairou came from Classic of Poetry, with the original meaning of "Solicit Comfort". It was first used as a name for this region during the Tang dynasty.

Longshan Subdistrict, Beijing
Longshan Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 龙山街道; traditional Chinese: 龍山街道; pinyin: Lóngshān Jiēdào) is a subdistrict situated in southern Huairou District, Beijing, China. It borders Quanhe Subdistrict in the north, Miaocheng Town in the south, and surrounded by Huairou Town in the east and west sides. It had a population of 74596 as of the 2020 census.

This subdistrict was formed in 2002. Its name, Longshan, literally translates to "Dragon Mountain".
Chiral derivatizing agent
In analytical chemistry, a chiral derivatizing agent (CDA), also known as a chiral resolving reagent, is a derivatization reagent that is a chiral auxiliary used to convert a mixture of enantiomers into diastereomers in order to analyze the quantities of each enantiomer present and determine the optical purity of a sample. Analysis can be conducted by spectroscopy or by chromatography. Some analytical techniques such as HPLC and NMR, in their most commons forms, cannot distinguish enantiomers within a sample, but can distinguish diastereomers.  Therefore, converting a mixture of enantiomers to a corresponding mixture of diastereomers can allow analysis. The use of chiral derivatizing agents has declined with the popularization of chiral HPLC. Besides analysis, chiral derivatization is also used for chiral resolution, the actual physical separation of the enantiomers.

Chiral column chromatography
Chiral column chromatography is a variant of column chromatography that is employed for the separation of chiral compounds, i.e. enantiomers, in mixtures such as racemates or related compounds. The chiral stationary phase (CSP) is made of a support, usually silica based, on which a chiral reagent or a macromolecule with numerous chiral centers is bonded or immobilized.

The chiral stationary phase can be prepared by attaching a chiral compound to the surface of an achiral support such as silica gel. For example, one class of the most commonly used chiral stationary phases both in liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography is based on oligosaccharides such as amylose, cellulose, or cyclodextrin (in particular with β-cyclodextrin, a seven sugar ring molecule) immobilized on silica gel.

The principle can be also applied to the fabrication of Monolithic HPLC columns or Gas Chromatography columns. or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography columns.
5-inch gun
A 5-inch gun is a gun with a 5-inch bore. Examples include these naval weapons:

BL 5 inch gun Mk I – V British naval and coast defence guns of 1880s-1890s

5-inch gun M1897 and M1900 - US Army coast artillery weapons 1900-1920

5"/25 caliber US anti-aircraft gun

5"/40 caliber gun - USN gun

5"/50 caliber gun - USN gun

5"/51 caliber US anti-ship gun

5"/38 caliber US dual-purpose gun

5"/54 caliber Mark 42 gun US dual-purpose gun

5"/54 caliber Mark 45 gun US (and 5"/62 caliber Mark 45 Model 4 gun)

Oto Melara 127/54C dual-purpose gun Italian naval gun

Oto Melara 127/64 dual-purpose gun Italian naval gun

5-inch/51-caliber gun
5"/51 caliber guns (spoken "five-inch-fifty-one-caliber") initially served as the secondary battery of United States Navy battleships built from 1907 through the 1920s, also serving on other vessels. United States naval gun terminology indicates the gun fired a projectile 5-inch (127 mm) in diameter, and the barrel was 51 calibers long.