hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phi Aurigae
Phi Aurigae is a giant star in the northern constellation of Auriga. Its name is a Bayer designation that is Latinized from φ Aurigae, and abbreviated Phi Aur or φ Aur. This star is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.089.  It lies 10′ from another faint naked-eye star HD 35520, between the three open clusters M36 and M38, and NGC 1893.

The distance to this star, as determined from parallax measurements, is approximately 507 light-years (155 parsecs) with a 9 light-year margin of error. It is drifting further away from the Sun with a radial velocity of +31 km/s.

This is an evolved giant star with a stellar classification of K3 IIIp. Having exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core, it has expanded to 34 times the radius of the Sun. It is radiating over 300 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,222 K, giving it the cool orange-hued glow of a K-type star.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
1987 World Mountain Running Trophy
The 1987 World Mountain Running Championships was the 3rd edition of the global Mountain running competition, World Mountain Running Championships, organised by the World Mountain Running Association and was held in Lenzerheide, Switzerland on 23 August 1987.

World Mountain Running Championships
The World Mountain Running Championships (World Mountain Running Trophy until 2008), is an international mountain running competition contested by athletes of the members of WMRA, World Mountain Running Association, the sport's global governing body.

The championships include a senior men, senior women, junior men and women events and the team events of these races.

It was first held in 1985 as the World Mountain Running Trophy before obtaining its current moniker in 2009.

The 2020 championships, which were scheduled for 13–14 November in Haria, Lanzarote, Spain, were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The 2021 World Mountain and Trail Running Championships (abbreviated WMTRC 2021), held in Chiang Mai, Thailand, from November 4–6, 2022, combined the World Mountain Running Championships and IAU Trail World Championships.
Bruce Malmuth
Bruce Malmuth (February 4, 1934 – June 29, 2005) was an American film and television director, best known for his work in the action and thriller genres. His works include the Sylvester Stallone-Billy Dee Williams film Nighthawks (1981) and the Steven Seagal vehicle Hard to Kill (1990), as well as several collaborations with fellow director John G. Avildsen.

Second unit
A second unit is a discrete team of filmmakers tasked with filming shots or sequences of a production, separate from the main or "first" unit. The second unit often shoots simultaneously with the other unit or units, allowing the filming stage of production to be completed faster.
2012 Africa Cup of Nations Group A
Group A of the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations ran from 21 January until 29 January. It consisted of Equatorial Guinea, Libya, Senegal and Zambia. The matches were held at Equatorial Guinea. Zambia and Equatorial Guinea progressed to the quarterfinals.

2012 Africa Cup of Nations knockout stage
The knockout stage of the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations was the second and final stage of the competition, following the group stage. It began on 4 February with the quarter-finals and ended on 12 February 2012 with the final held at the Stade d'Angondjé in Libreville. A total of 8 teams (the top two teams from each group) advanced to the knockout stage to compete in a single-elimination style tournament.

All match times are local, WAT (UTC+1).
Esperanto phonology
Esperanto is a constructed, international auxiliary language designed to have a simple phonology. It was created by L. L. Zamenhof, who described Esperanto pronunciation by comparing the sounds of Esperanto with the sounds of several major European languages.

With over a century of use, Esperanto has developed a phonological norm, including accepted details of phonetics, phonotactics, and intonation, so that it is now possible to speak of proper Esperanto pronunciation and of properly formed words independently of the languages originally used to describe it. This norm accepts only minor allophonic variation.

Voiced alveolar affricate
A voiced alveolar affricate is a type of affricate consonant pronounced with the tip or blade of the tongue against the alveolar ridge (gum line) just behind the teeth. There are several types of median affricates with significant perceptual differences:

A voiced alveolar sibilant affricate [d͡z] is the most common type, similar to the ds in English lads.

A voiced alveolar non-sibilant affricate [dð̠] – or [dð͇], using the alveolar diacritic from the Extended IPA, – is found, for example, in some dialects of English and Italian.

A voiced retracted alveolar sibilant affricate [d͡z̺] or [d̠͡z̠].
Amsler sign
Amsler sign also known as Amsler–Verrey sign is the name of the diagnostic finding seen in people with Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI). It is described as presence of blood (hyphema) in the aspirated aqueous fluid, in paracentesis of the anterior chamber, and is caused due to iris atrophy usually seen in FHI and exposure of the fragile iris vasculature to the aqueous fluid. The sudden change of pressure in the anterior chamber upon suction induced by the paracentesis, or during a cataract surgery, causes bursting of the fragile superficial iris capillaries resulting in micro-bleeding. This is one clinical diagnostic sign of FHI.

Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms are diagnostic indications of an illness, injury, or condition. While signs are objective and externally observable, symptoms are a person's reported subjective experiences.

A sign, for example, can be an elevated or lower than normal temperature or blood pressure; or an abnormal finding showing on medical imaging. A symptom is something out of the ordinary that is experienced by an individual such as feeling feverish, a headache or other pains in the body. Symptoms can be a result of the immune system's response to an infection, the physical manifestation of an abnormal body condition, or the effect of a consumed substance. Symptoms, though often indicative of a disease process, are not always diagnostically relevant, and can be idiopathic in nature.
Timeline of antisemitism
This timeline of antisemitism chronicles events in the history of antisemitism, hostile actions or discrimination against Jews as members of a religious and ethnic group. It includes events in Jewish history and the history of antisemitic thought, actions which were undertaken in order to counter antisemitism or alleviate its effects, and events that affected the prevalence of antisemitism in later years. The history of antisemitism can be traced from ancient times to the present day.

Some authors prefer to use the terms anti-Judaism or religious antisemitism in reference to religious sentiments against Judaism which were prevalent before the rise of racial antisemitism in the 19th century. For events which specifically pertain to expulsions and exoduses of Jews, see Jewish refugees.

Yellow badge
The yellow badge, also known as the yellow patch, the Jewish badge, or the yellow star (German: Judenstern, lit. 'Jew's star'), was an accessory that Jews were required to wear in certain non-Jewish societies throughout history. A Jew's ethno-religious identity, which would be denoted by the badge, would help to mark them as an outsider. Legislation that mandated Jewish subjects to wear such items has been documented in some Middle Eastern caliphates and in some European kingdoms during the medieval period and the early modern period. The most recent usage of yellow badges was during World War II, when Jews living in Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe were ordered to wear a yellow Star of David to keep their Jewish identity disclosed to the public in the years leading up to the Holocaust.
Heterosis
Heterosis, hybrid vigor, or outbreeding enhancement is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. An offspring is heterotic if its traits are enhanced as a result of mixing the genetic contributions of its parents. The heterotic offspring often has traits that are more than the simple addition of the parents' traits, and can be explained by Mendelian or non-Mendelian inheritance. Typical heterotic/hybrid traits of interest in agriculture are higher yield, quicker maturity, stability, drought tolerance etc.

Mendelian inheritance
Mendelian inheritance (also known as Mendelism) is a type of biological inheritance following the principles originally proposed by Augustinian Friar, the Right Rev. Gregor Mendel in 1865 and 1866, re-discovered in 1900 by Hugo de Vries and Carl Correns, and later popularized by William Bateson. Its defining characteristic is heavy association with a singular gene. The principles were initially controversial. When Mendel's theories were integrated with the Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory of inheritance by Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1915, they became the core of classical genetics. Ronald Fisher combined these ideas with the theory of natural selection in his 1930 book The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, putting evolution onto a mathematical footing and forming the basis for population genetics within the modern evolutionary synthesis.
A Certain Ratio discography
This is the discography of English post-punk band A Certain Ratio. Since forming in 1977, A Certain Ratio have released 13 studio albums; the first in 1980 with The Graveyard and the Ballroom, and the latest in 2024 with It All Comes Down to This, of which have reached the top-ten of the UK Independent Album Chart. They have also released 9 extended plays and 33 singles, of which seven charted within the top-ten of the UK Independent Singles Chart during the 1980s.

UK Independent Singles and Albums Charts
The UK Independent Singles Chart and UK Independent Albums Chart are charts of the best-selling independent singles and albums, respectively, in the United Kingdom. Originally published in January 1980, and widely known as the indie chart, the relevance of the chart dwindled in the 1990s as major-label ownership blurred the boundary between independent and major labels.

Separate independent charts are currently published weekly by the Official Charts Company.
Section 27 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 27 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a section of the Charter that, as part of a range of provisions within the section 25 to section 31 bloc, helps determine how rights in other sections of the Charter should be interpreted and applied by the courts. Section 27 officially recognized multiculturalism as a Canadian value.

Section 31 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 31 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a part of the Constitution of Canada, which clarifies that the Charter does not increase the powers of either the federal government or the legislatures of the provinces of Canada. As a result, only the courts may enforce the rights in the Charter.
Separation of powers in Hong Kong
The concept of separation of powers has been considered and disputed in Hong Kong and its various forms of government. Prior to the Handover of Hong Kong in 1997, the government of British Hong Kong did not have a Western-style separation of powers. The post-handover Hong Kong Basic Law does not explicitly prescribe a separation of powers, but allocates power to the Executive Council, Legislative Council, and Judiciary. Since the 1997 handover, whether the separation of powers principle exists within the Hong Kong political system has been disputed among the Hong Kong SAR Government, central Chinese Government, and public media.

Functional constituency (Hong Kong)
In the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, a functional constituency (FC; Chinese: 功能界別 and formerly 功能組別 before handover of Hong Kong) is a seat of which member is elected by professional or special interest group only. Eligible voters in a functional constituency may include natural persons as well as other designated legal entities such as organisations and corporations. The functional constituency has long been criticised to be undemocratic and not representative, with persistent calls from the democracy advocates to abolish all of them for a genuine universal suffrage to elect the legislature.
Andy Ennis
Andy Ennis is an American tenor saxophone player, part of the Baltimore jazz scene. He began performing professionally in 1957, at the Royal Theatre. Ennis was a member of the Ray Charles Band and was briefly the leader.

He is the brother of Ethel Ennis, a well-known local singer and pianist.

Ethel Ennis
Ethel Llewellyn Ennis (November 28, 1932 – February 17, 2019) was an American jazz musician whose career spanned seven decades. Ennis spent the majority of her life in her hometown of Baltimore, Maryland, where she was affectionately known as the "First Lady of Jazz".
1964 DFB-Pokal final
The 1964 DFB-Pokal final decided the winner of the 1963–64 DFB-Pokal, the 21st season of Germany's knockout football cup competition. It was played on 13 June 1964 at the Neckarstadion in Stuttgart. 1860 Munich won the match 2–0 against Eintracht Frankfurt, to claim their 2nd cup title.

1963–64 DFB-Pokal
The 1963–64 DFB-Pokal was the 21st season of the annual German football cup competition. It began on 7 April 1964 and ended on 13 June 1964. 32 teams competed in the tournament of five rounds. In the final 1860 Munich defeated Eintracht Frankfurt 2–0.
Coppabella, Queensland
Coppabella is a rural locality in the Isaac Region, Queensland, Australia. It was established by Queensland Railways to accommodate train crew and railway maintenance staff. In the 2021 census, Coppabella had a population of 594 people.

Isaac Region
The Isaac Region is a local government area located in Central Queensland, Queensland, Australia created in March 2008 as a result of the report of the Local Government Reform Commission released in July 2007.

In the 2021 census, the Isaac Region had a population of 22,046 people.
Thelma Curling Rodríguez
Thelma Curling Rodríguez (born 19 February 1933) is a jurist and politician from Costa Rica. She is a defender of women's rights and was the first woman of Afro-Costa Rican descent to become a member of the Parliament of Costa Rica.

Afro–Costa Ricans
Afro–Costa Ricans are Costa Ricans of African ancestry.

Costa Rica has four small minority groups: Mulattoes, Blacks, Amerindians and Asians (primarily Chinese/East Asian). About eight percent of the population is of African descent or Mulatto (mix of European and African) who are called Afro–Costa Ricans. A large portion of this group descends from the late 19th, and early 20th century waves of Afro-Caribbean migrant workers (mostly from Jamaica). They represent the largest community of Jamaican origin outside of Jamaica's Anglophone-dominated diaspora. However, not all Black Costa Ricans are descended from these groups, as some are directly descended from colonial-era enslaved Africans imported to Costa Rica by the Spanish. This latter group, however, is more likely to be mulatto, or tri-racial.
Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay
These are the official results of the Men's 4 × 400 metre relay event at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR. There were a total number of 24 nations competing. The top two in each heat and next two fastest advanced to the final.

Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics was represented by 38 events: 24 for men and 14 for women. They were held in the Grand Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium at Luzhniki (south-western part of Moscow) between July 24 and August 1. There were a total of 959 participating athletes from 70 countries. A number of countries had boycotted the 1980 Games due to the Soviet-Afghan War.
Nitaskinan
52°49′9.8″N 67°11′53.3″W﻿ / ﻿52.819389°N 67.198139°W﻿ / 52.819389; -67.198139

Nitaskinan, also known as Nehirowisi Aski and Atikamekw Territory, is the ancestral country of the Atikamekw people. It is located in the valley of the Saint-Maurice River in Quebec, Canada. It covers an area of 80,000 km2 (31,000 sq mi). On 8 September 2014, the Conseil de la Nation Atikamekw declared unilaterally the sovereignty of the Atikamekw Nation on the Nistaskinan. The objective of this is mainly to obtain a right of review for the projects exploiting the natural resources and to highlight the Atikamekw's identity. "Nitaskinan" means "our (excl.) land" in the Atikamekw language, where "Kitaskinan" means "our (inclusive) land," similar to other Cree languages' use of aski. From a legal perspective, according to the Canadian Indian Act, the Atikamekw have self-administration on three Indian reserves, Manawan, Obedjiwan and Wemotaci, but territory of Nitaskinan covers an area much wider.

Wemotaci
Wemotaci (designated as Weymontachie 23 until 1997) is a First Nations reserve on the north shore of the Saint-Maurice River at the mouth of the Manouane River in the Mauricie region of Quebec, Canada. Together with the Obedjiwan and the Coucoucache Indian Reserve No. 24, it belongs to the Atikamekw First Nation.

The reserve, an enclave within the city of La Tuque, is bordered to the west and south by the Saint-Maurice River, whereas its eastern boundary is about 3.8 kilometres (2.4 mi) long, and its northern boundary is 7.8 kilometres (4.8 mi). It is accessible by gravel road from La Tuque's town centre through the hamlet of Sanmaur that is on the opposite shore of the Saint-Maurice River. Also at this location, the Canadian National Railway crosses the river and has a siding at Sanmaur.
2020 Southern Conference men's soccer tournament
The 2020 Southern Conference men's soccer tournament was the 33rd edition of the Southern Conference Men's Soccer Tournament. The tournament determined the Southern Conference champion as well as the conference's automatic berth into the 2020 NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament.

Southern Conference men's soccer tournament
The Southern Conference men's soccer tournament is the conference championship tournament in men's soccer for the Southern Conference. The winner of the tournament receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament.

Furman is the most winning team of the competition with 15 titles.
Monopoly Junior
Monopoly Junior is a simplified version of the board game Monopoly, designed for young children, which was originally released in 1990. It has a rectangular board that is smaller than the standard game and rather than using street names it is based on a city's amusements (a zoo, a video game arcade, a pizzeria, etc.) to make the game more child-friendly. There are many different models of the game.

Bumper cars
Bumper cars or dodgems are the generic names for a type of flat amusement ride consisting of multiple small electrically powered cars which draw power from the floor or ceiling, and which are turned on and off remotely by an operator. They are also known as bumping cars, dodging cars and dashing cars. The first patent for them was filed in 1921.
Zameen (2003 film)
Zameen (transl. Land) is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film directed by Rohit Shetty in his directorial debut. The film stars Ajay Devgn, Abhishek Bachchan and Bipasha Basu.

The plot of Zameen is loosely based upon the Indian Airlines Flight 814 hijacking though more closely represents the rescue mission taken by the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) in 1976 at Entebbe, Uganda where the IDF rescued 102 hostages taken by the PFLP-EO and the West German group Revolutionary Cells.

Colonel (India)
Colonel is a rank in the Indian Army. Like other armies, this rank is higher than lieutenant colonel. It is equivalent to captain in the Indian Navy and group captain in the Indian Air Force.

The Indian Army has followed the British Army rank system since India's independence from the British Empire in 1947. However, the St Edward's Crown in the rank insignia was replaced with the National Emblem of India, symbolising the sovereignty of the Government of India.
Pribylovo, Leningrad Oblast
60°26′N 28°40′E﻿ / ﻿60.433°N 28.667°E﻿ / 60.433; 28.667

Pribylovo (Russian: Прибылово; Finnish: Makslahti) is a rural locality (a settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of Primorskoye Settlement Municipal Formation in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus.

Vyborgsky District, Leningrad Oblast
Vyborgsky District (Russian: Вы́боргский райо́н, romanized: Výborgskiy raión, IPA: [ˈvɨbərkskʲɪj rɐˈjɵn]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast on the Karelian Isthmus and borders with Priozersky District in the northeast, Vsevolozhsky District in the east, Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg in the south, Kymenlaakso and South Karelia regions of Finland in the northwest, and Lakhdenpokhsky District of the Republic of Karelia in the north. From the southwest, the district is limited by the Gulf of Finland. The area of the district is 7,475.472 square kilometers (2,886.296 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Vyborg. Population (excluding the administrative center): 120,446 (2010 Census); 113,748 (2002 Census); 108,571 (1989 Soviet census).
Lu Chuan
Lu Chuan (born 8 February 1971) is a Chinese filmmaker. One of China's Sixth Generation directors, he is known for his films Kekexili: Mountain Patrol (2004), City of Life and Death (2009), and The Last Supper (2012).

Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense
The Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND; 国防科学技术工业委员会) was a civilian commission within the State Council of the People's Republic of China, responsible for setting policy for defense procurement. It was considered as the Chinese counterpart of DARPA of the US. The ministry was formed in 1982 to centralize Chinese defense procurement and technology whose responsibility had been distributed among several agencies. In March 2008, COSTIND was merged into a new ministry called the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) and renamed as the State Administration for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (SASTIND). The final-term COSTIND deputy director, Chen Qiufa, was named as the head of SASTIND.