hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 4636
NGC 4636 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is a member of the NGC 4753 Group of galaxies, which is a member of the Virgo II Groups, a series of galaxies and galaxy clusters strung out from the southern edge of the Virgo Supercluster. It is located at a distance of about 55 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4636 is about 105,000 light years across.

It was discovered by William Herschel on February 23, 1784. NGC 4636 lies one and a half degrees southwest of Delta Virginis. It can be viewed through a telescope at a ×23 magnification as a bright oval glow. It is part of the Herschel 400 Catalogue.

Delta Virginis
Delta Virginis (δ Virginis, abbreviated Del Vir, δ Vir), formally named Minelauva /ˌmɪnəˈlɔːvə/, is a star in the zodiac constellation of Virgo. With an apparent visual magnitude of 3.4, this star is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. It is located at a distance of about 200 light-years (61 parsecs) from Earth.
Sexual harassment in the NWSL
Players and former staff of teams in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) have leveled several allegations and formal reports of sexual abuse, harassment, misconduct, and manipulation, as well as weight-shaming, verbal and emotional abuse, and racist and sexist remarks across its history. These allegations of crossing professional boundaries with players have led to formal investigations of and by the NWSL and many of its teams and coaches, most prominently during the league's 2021 season but including events dating to the league's inception and extending to its present.

Christy Holly
Christy Holly (born 21 December 1984) is a Northern Irish former footballer and coach. From 12 August 2020 to 31 August 2021, he was the head coach of Racing Louisville in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). He previously coached NWSL club Sky Blue FC and at Georgian Court University.
2022 Talisay, Cebu, local elections
Local elections were held in Talisay City on May 9, 2022 within the Philippine general election. Registered voters of the city will be electing candidates for the following elective local posts: mayor, vice mayor, and ten councilors.

2022 Philippine general election
The 2022 Philippine general election took place on May 9, 2022, for the executive and legislative branches of government at every level – national, provincial, and local – except for the barangay officials.

At the top of the ballot is the election for the successors to President Rodrigo Duterte and Vice President Leni Robredo. There were also elections for:

12 seats of the Senate

All 316 seats of the House of Representatives

All 81 governors and vice governors, and 782 seats of the provincial boards in all provinces

All 146 city mayors and vice mayors, and 1,650 seats of the city councils in all cities

All 1,488 municipal mayors and vice mayors, and 11,908 seats of the municipal councils in all municipalities

The first election of the Bangsamoro Parliament was scheduled to be held on the same date, but was rescheduled to 2025.

This is the first election in Davao de Oro under that name, as it was renamed from Compostela Valley in December 2019 after a successful plebiscite.
St Augustine's Church, Ramsgate
St Augustine's Church or the Shrine of St Augustine of Canterbury is a Roman Catholic church in Ramsgate, Kent. It was the personal church of Augustus Pugin, a nineteenth-century architect, designer, and reformer. The church is an example of Pugin's design ideas, and it forms a central part of Pugin's collection of buildings in Ramsgate. Having built his home (The Grange, Ramsgate, next door), Pugin began work on St Augustine's in 1846 and worked on it until his death in 1852. His sons completed many of the designs. This is the site where Pugin is buried, in a vault beneath the chantry chapel he designed, alongside several members of his family.

Oxford Oratory
The Oxford Oratory Church of St Aloysius Gonzaga (or Oxford Oratory for short) is the Catholic parish church for the centre of Oxford, England. It is located at 25 Woodstock Road, next to Somerville College. The church is served by the Congregation of the Oratory.
Bill White (first baseman)
William DeKova White (born January 28, 1934) is an American former professional baseball first baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York / San Francisco Giants, St. Louis Cardinals, and Philadelphia Phillies. He was an eight-time All-Star and seven-time Gold Glove winner who earned a championship as a top contributor in the 1964 World Series.

White became a full-time sportscaster after his playing career ended in 1969 and was the play-by-play man and color analyst for New York Yankees television and radio broadcasts for 18 years.

In 1989, White was elected President of the National League to replace Bart Giamatti, who succeeded Peter Ueberroth as Commissioner. White served as NL president until he retired in 1994.

A. Bartlett Giamatti
Angelo Bartlett "Bart" Giamatti (/ˌdʒiːəˈmɑːti/ JEE-ə-MAH-tee; April 4, 1938 – September 1, 1989) was an American professor of English Renaissance literature, the president of Yale University, and the seventh commissioner of Major League Baseball.

Giamatti served as Commissioner for only five months before dying suddenly of a heart attack. He is the shortest-tenured baseball commissioner in the sport's history and the only holder of the office not to preside over a full Major League Baseball season. Giamatti's most notable act as Commissioner was to negotiate the agreement resolving the Pete Rose betting scandal in which Rose was permitted to voluntarily withdraw from the sport to avoid further punishment.
Ishizukayama Kofun
The Ishiyamazuka Kofun (石塚山古墳)  is a Kofun period burial mound, located in the Tamiku neighborhood of the town of Kanda, Miyako District, Fukuoka Prefecture Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1985. Along with the Goshoyama Kofun (also located in Kanda) it  is one of the oldest and largest burial mounds in the Buzen region, and is estimated to have been constructed in the early Kofun period..

Buzen Province
Buzen Province (豊前国, Buzen no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [bɯꜜ.(d)zeɴ, -(d)zen no kɯ.ɲi]) was a province of Japan in the area of northeastern Kyūshū, corresponding to part of southeastern Fukuoka Prefecture and northwestern Ōita Prefecture. Buzen bordered on Bungo to the south, and Chikuzen to the north and west. Its abbreviated form name was Hōshū (豊州) (a name which it shared with Bungo Province), although it was also called Nihō (二豊). In terms of the Gokishichidō system, Buzen was one of the provinces of the Saikaidō circuit. Under the Engishiki classification system, Buzen was ranked as one of the "superior countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "far countries" (遠国) in terms of distance from the capital.
Victoria Manni
Victoria Manni (born 23 August 1994) is an Italian ice dancer who previously competed for Switzerland. With her skating partner and husband, Carlo Röthlisberger, she is the 2016 Santa Claus Cup bronze medalist, four-time Swiss national champion and a four-time Italian national silver medalist (2023–26). As a team, they have competed in nine ISU Championships.

Mentor Toruń Cup
The World Mentor Toruń Cup (previously known as the Kangus Cup in 2006, the Nestlé Kangus Cup in 2008, the GAM Nestlé Nesquik Cup from 2009 to 2010, the Mentor Nestlé Nesquik Toruń Cup from 2011 to 2016, and the Mentor Cup from 2017 to 2019) is an annual international figure skating competition which is generally held in January in Toruń, Poland. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance at the senior, junior, and novice levels.
Crookes Peak
Crookes Peak (66°14′S 65°18′W﻿ / ﻿66.233°S 65.300°W﻿ / -66.233; -65.300) is a peak at the east side of Widmark Ice Piedmont, midway between Stair Hill and Rugg Peak on Stresher Peninsula on the west coast of Graham Land. It was charted by the British Graham Land Expedition of 1934-37 under John Rymill and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 for Sir William Crookes, an English chemist and physicist whose pioneer work on the optical properties of tinted glass in 1909–13 led to the design of the first satisfactory snow goggles and the prevention of snow blindness.

Stresher Peninsula
Stresher Peninsula (Bulgarian: полуостров Стрешер, romanized: poluostrov Stresher, IPA: [poɫuˈɔstrof ˈstrɛʃɛr]; 66°16′10″S 65°26′40″W﻿ / ﻿66.26944°S 65.44444°W﻿ / -66.26944; -65.44444) is the predominantly ice-covered rectangular peninsula 30 km wide and projecting 24 km northwestwards from Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula. It is bounded by Holtedahl Bay to the northeast, Auvert Bay to the northwest and Darbel Bay to the southwest. Its west extremity Cape Bellue separates Graham Coast to the northeast from Loubet Coast to the southwest. Lawson Peak is a peak 3.5 nautical miles (6 km) southeast of Cape Evensen.

The feature is named after Stresher Peak in the Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria.
Heart South Devon
Heart South Devon (formerly South Hams Radio) was an Independent Local Radio station serving the South Hams area of Devon, England. The station began broadcasting on 1 December 1999 and until its closure, was run as a joint venture between UKRD Group and Global Radio from studios at South Hams Business Park at Churchstow, Kingsbridge.

The station's main frequency was on 101.2 FM, broadcast initially from Bolberry Down near Hope Cove, but later moving to a site near Soar in 2003. The station also broadcast from three relay transmitters at Totnes (100.5FM), Dartmouth (100.8FM) and Ivybridge (101.9FM). In 2017, the main transmitter on 101.2FM was moved from Soar to the Kingsbridge TV relay site near West Alvington.

Some of the Presenters on South Hams Radio included David FitzGerald, Pat Holness, David James, Rob Wheeler, Lisa Hartwell, Dave Gould, Chris Batchelor, Matt Lissack, Carmella Mckenzie, Craig Armet, John Coates, and Graham Russell.

South Hams
South Hams is a local government district on the south coast of Devon, England. Its council is based in the town of Totnes, although the largest town is Ivybridge. The district also contains the towns of Dartmouth, Kingsbridge and Salcombe and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

Much of the district's landscape is recognised for its natural beauty; the north of the district includes part of Dartmoor National Park, the district's coastline and adjoining areas form most of the South Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and part of the west of the district lies within the Tamar Valley AONB. The district's coast includes the promontories of Start Point and Bolt Head.

The neighbouring districts are Torbay, Teignbridge, West Devon, Cornwall (across the Tamar–Tavy Estuary) and Plymouth.
Iodate fluoride
The iodate fluorides are chemical compounds which contain both iodate  and fluoride anions (IO3− and F−). In these compounds fluorine is not bound to iodine as it is in fluoroiodates.

Iodate fluorides are under investigation for the non-linear optical properties. The lack of symmetry is enhanced by the lone pair of electrons on the iodate group.

Iodate
An iodate is the polyatomic anion with the formula IO−3. It is the most common form of iodine in nature, as it comprises the major iodine-containing ores. Iodate salts are often colorless. They are the salts of iodic acid.
Shamansoor
Shahmansoor is an administrative unit, known as Union council of Swabi District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

District Swabi has 4 Tehsils i.e. Swabi Tehsil, Lahor, Topi Tehsil and Razar. Each Tehsil comprises certain numbers of union councils. There are 56 union councils in district Swabi.

Lahor
Lāhor (لاهور), also known as Little Lahore (Pashto: وړوکی لاهور, Urdu: چھوٹا لاہور), previously known as Salatura (سلاطوره), is a town within the Swabi District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The town serves as the headquarters of the Lahor Tehsil and is administratively subdivided into two union councils. The town is a settlement of 35,000 people and is located at 34°02′54″N 72°21′56″E﻿ / ﻿34.048472°N 72.365583°E﻿ / 34.048472; 72.365583 with an altitude of 308 metres and lies west of Swabi and on the northern bank of the Indus River (locally known as Abasin). In the vicinity of Lahor are Panjpir, Hund and Zaida.
International Association of Geodesy
The International Association of Geodesy (IAG) is a constituent association of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics focusing on the science which measures and describes the Earth's shape, its rotation and gravity field.

Adrien-Marie Legendre
Adrien-Marie Legendre (/ləˈʒɑːndər, -ˈʒɑːnd/; French: [adʁiɛ̃ maʁi ləʒɑ̃dʁ]; 18 September 1752 – 9 January 1833) was a French mathematician who made numerous contributions to mathematics. Well-known and important concepts such as the Legendre polynomials and Legendre transformation are named after him. He is also known for his contributions to the method of least squares, and was the first to officially publish on it, though Carl Friedrich Gauss had discovered it before him.
Arrondissements of the Seine-et-Marne department
The 5 arrondissements of the Seine-et-Marne department are:

Arrondissement of Fontainebleau, (subprefecture: Fontainebleau) with 85 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 156,450 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Meaux, (subprefecture: Meaux) with 139 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 342,766 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Melun, (prefecture of the Seine-et-Marne department: Melun) with 59 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 289,693 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Provins, (subprefecture: Provins) with 174 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 186,339 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Torcy, (subprefecture: Torcy) with 50 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 462,852 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Melun
The arrondissement of Melun is an arrondissement of France in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region. It has 59 communes. Its population is 289,693 (2021), and its area is 617.1 km2 (238.3 sq mi).
House of Commons
The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the upper house of parliament, which is nominally superior. The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons by convention becomes the prime minister. Other parliaments have also had a lower house called the "House of Commons".

Upper house
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restricted power than the lower house. A legislature composed of only one house (and which therefore has neither an upper house nor a lower house) is described as unicameral.
1989 Valleydale Meats 500
The 1989 Valleydale Meats 500 was the sixth stock car race of the 1989 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 29th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, April 9, 1989, before an audience of 56,000 in Bristol, Tennessee, at Bristol Motor Speedway, a 0.533 miles (0.858 km) permanent oval-shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 500 laps to complete. Coming back from initial mishaps early in the race, Blue Max Racing driver Rusty Wallace would manage to make a late race charge to the lead, passing for the lead with 43 laps left in the race to take his 13th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his third victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Darrell Waltrip and Geoff Bodine, both drivers for Hendrick Motorsports, would finish second and third, respectively.

Food City 500
The Food City 500 is an annual 500-lap, 266.5-mile (428.9 km) NASCAR Cup Series race held at the Bristol Motor Speedway in Bristol, Tennessee. This is one of two NASCAR races held at Bristol, the other being the Bass Pro Shops Night Race. It became the first venue to host the Car of Tomorrow, a race won by Kyle Busch. For much of its history, from 1961 to 1992 the race was run on the original asphalt surface, then on concrete from 1993 to 2020 after Bristol changed surfaces, but was moved to a dirt layout beginning in 2021, under the name Food City Dirt Race. Since 2024, the race returned the concrete oval.

Kyle Larson is the defending race winner.
Jug End State Reservation and Wildlife Management Area
Jug End State Reservation and Wildlife Management Area is a public recreation area located in the towns of Egremont and Mount Washington, Massachusetts. The reservation occupies the site of the former Jug End Barn resort, which has been allowed to return to a natural state. Mount Everett State Reservation is adjacent to the south. It is managed by the Department of Conservation and Recreation.

Egremont, Massachusetts
Egremont /ˈɛɡrəˌmɒnt/ is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,372 at the 2020 census. Egremont consists of two villages, North Egremont and South Egremont, and their outlying areas, which are mostly lightly settled forests and farmland.
Erica pillansii
Erica pillansii is a plant belonging to the genus Erica and is part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape where it occurs on the low hills between Pringle Bay and Kleinmond. The species was once popular as a cut flower but this use has now been discontinued and the plant is protected in the Kogelberg Nature Reserve.

The plant has one subspecies: Erica pillansii subsp. fervida (L.Bolus) E.G.H.Oliv. & I.M.Oliv.

Erica (plant)
Erica is a genus of roughly 857 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. The English common names heath and heather are shared by some closely related genera of similar appearance. The genus Calluna was formerly included in Erica; it differs in having even smaller scale-leaves (less than 2–3 millimetres long), and the flower corolla consisting of separate petals. Erica is sometimes referred to as "winter (or spring) heather" to distinguish it from Calluna "summer (or autumn) heather".
Raymond Birt
Christianity portal

The Venerable  William Raymond Birt  (25 August 1911 – 11 March 2002) was the Archdeacon of Berkshire  from 1973 until 1978.

Birt was educated at Christ's Hospital. His first job was as a schoolmaster at Trent College. Later he was a sub-editor at the Daily Sketch and then assistant editor of Play Rights Publications. He served in the war of 1939 to 1945 as a Major in the 22nd Dragoons, during which he was mentioned in despatches. When peace returned he was the editor of Winchester Publications and then Country Life Books. In 1956 he entered Ely Theological College to prepare for ordination. He was a curate at Caversham until 1959 after which he was Vicar of St George, Newbury, Berkshire. He was Rector of  West Woodhay from 1971 to 1978; and Priest in charge of Hamstead Marshall until 1981. From 1986, he was title as an archdeacon emeritus.

Archdeacon of Berkshire
The Archdeacon of Berkshire (also rendered Archdeacon of Berks) is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Church of England Diocese of Oxford. The archdeacon is the head of the archdeaconry of Berkshire, a post historically found within the diocese of Salisbury, and then, from 7 October 1836, within Oxford diocese.
Koch's postulates
Koch's postulates (/kɒx/ KOKH) are four criteria designed to establish a causal relationship between a microbe and a disease. The postulates were formulated by Robert Koch and Friedrich Loeffler in 1884, based on earlier concepts described by Jakob Henle, and the statements were refined and published by Koch in 1890. Koch applied the postulates to describe the etiology of cholera and tuberculosis, both of which are now ascribed to bacteria. The postulates have been controversially generalized to other diseases. More modern concepts in microbial pathogenesis cannot be examined using Koch's postulates, including viruses (which are obligate intracellular parasites) and asymptomatic carriers. They have largely been supplanted by other criteria such as the Bradford Hill criteria for infectious disease causality in modern public health and molecular Koch's postulates for microbial pathogenesis.

Microbial pathogenesis
Microbial pathogenesis is a field of microbiology that started at least as early as 1988, with the identification of the triune Falkow's criteria, aka molecular Koch's postulates. In 1996, Fredricks and Relman proposed a seven-point list of "Molecular Guidelines for Establishing Microbial Disease Causation," because of "the discovery of nucleic acids" by Watson and Crick "as the source of genetic information and as the basis for precise characterization of an organism." The subsequent development of the "ability to detect and manipulate these nucleic acid molecules in microorganisms has created a powerful means for identifying previously unknown microbial pathogens and for studying the host-parasite relationship."
1890 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1890 Cork Senior Football Championship was the fourth staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.

Midleton won the championship following a 2–03 to 0–02 defeat of Dromtarriffe in the final at Cork Park. This was their second championship title in succession and their second title overall. It remains their last championship success.

1887 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1887 Cork Senior Football Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 30 January 1887. The championship began on 6 March 1887 and ended on 10 July 1887.

On 10 July 1887, Lees won the championship following a 0–04 to 0–01 defeat of Lisgoold in the final at Cork Park. The club subsequently represented Cork in the 1887 All-Ireland Championship.
Davis Strait proto-microcontinent
The Davis Strait proto-microcontinent is a failed microcontinent located in the Davis Strait between Greenland and Canada discovered in 2024.

It is roughly 19 to 24 kilometres (12 to 15 mi) thick surrounded by a thinned out continental crust which is 14 to 17 kilometres (8.7 to 10.6 mi) thick on each side. It is considered a proto-microcontinent because it is incompletely rifted and submerged. The separation of the Davis Strait proto-microcontinent coincides with a change in the orientation of tectonic spreading, which occurred between 58 and 49 million years ago.

Davis Strait
Davis Strait (Danish: Davisstrædet; Inuktitut: ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓘᑉ ᐃᑭᖓ Qikiqtaaluup Ikinga) is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada. To the north is Baffin Bay. The strait was named for English explorer John Davis (1550–1605), who sailed the area while seeking a route through the Northwest Passage, and by the 1650s it was used for whale hunting.