hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
English Frankton
English Frankton, formerly known simply as Frankton, is a small village in Shropshire, England. It lies between the villages of Cockshutt and Loppington, in the civil parish of Cockshutt, and south-east of Ellesmere.

The name Frankton probably originated as "Francas's field". It was recorded in Domesday Book as Franchetone, when it was held by Rainald the Sheriff from Earl Roger. Domesday also noted that the manor contained one carruca, along with three villeins and two bordarii.

Loppington
Loppington is a village and parish in Shropshire, England, situated a few miles west of Wem. The population of the parish (2001) is 576 and there are 206 households. The population as of the 2011 census was 611.

Loppington was recorded in the Domesday Book (1086) as Lopitone.

It has a rich history and many historical buildings, including the Church of Saint Michael, dating back to the 14th century and having traces of a Norman building with characteristic Norman architecture.

Other interesting buildings are The Nook a timber-framed house near to the church, and Loppington Hall, an early 18th-century brick house, a former residence of John Lloyd Dickin restored in 2002.

The village has the only remaining bull ring in North Shropshire, which was reported to be used for bull baiting until the 19th century.
Phrynobatrachus gastoni
Phrynobatrachus gastoni is a species of frog in the family Phrynobatrachidae. It is endemic to the north-central Democratic Republic of the Congo and only known from its type locality, Buta. The specific name gastoni honours Gaston-François de Witte, a Belgian colonial administrator and naturalist who scrutinized the types. Common name Buta river frog has been coined for it.

Phrynobatrachus
Phrynobatrachus is a genus of Sub-Saharan frogs that form the monogeneric family Phrynobatrachidae. Their common name is puddle frogs, dwarf puddle frogs, African puddle frogs, or African river frogs.
The common name, puddle frog, refers to the fact that many species breed in temporary waterbodies such as puddles.

Phrynobatrachus are among the most common amphibians in Africa. They are typically small (mostly less than 30 mm (1.2 in)), fast-moving frogs. They occupy a variety of habitats from dry savannas to rainforests. Most species deposit many small eggs as a surface clutch in standing or slowly moving water and have exotrophic tadpoles.
John C. Cushman III
John C. Cushman III (1941 – May 4, 2023) was an American real estate executive. He was the chairman of global transactions and chairman of the board of Cushman & Wakefield, a global real estate services firm founded by his grandfather, J. Clydesdale Cushman and great-uncle, Bernard Wakefield.

Additionally, Cushman held directorships at Callaway Golf Company, iCRETE LLC (Co-chairman) and ARTOC Universal Properties (Co-chairman) in Cairo, Egypt. He served as Chairman of Rock Creek Management LLC and chairman and Director of Zaca Mesa Winery in Santa Barbara County, California, which he co-founded.

J. Clydesdale Cushman
John Clydesdale Cushman (1887 – June 29, 1955) was an American businessman who co-founded the real estate firm Cushman & Wakefield in 1917 with Bernard Wakefield, who later became his brother-in-law.

Born in Summit, New Jersey, Cushman attended Phillips Exeter Academy. He died on June 29, 1955, at his home in Upper Montclair, New Jersey. His great-grandfather was New York real estate executive Don Alonzo Cushman.
Lafayette County, Missouri
Lafayette County is a county in the western portion of Missouri, part of the Kansas City metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,984. Its county seat is Lexington. The county was organized November 16, 1820, from Cooper County and originally named Lillard County for James Lillard of Tennessee, who served in the first state constitutional convention and first state legislature. It was renamed Lafayette County on February 16, 1825, in honor of Revolutionary War hero the Marquis de La Fayette, who was then visiting the United States.

Cooper County, Missouri
Cooper County is located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 17,103. Its county seat is Boonville. The county was organized December 17, 1818, and named for Sarshell Cooper, a frontier settler who was killed by Native Americans near Arrow Rock in 1814. It is a part of the Columbia, Missouri metropolitan area.
Adam v The Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform
Adam v The Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform [2001] IESC 38 is a reported decision of the Irish Supreme Court, in which the Court, in affirming High Court orders to strike out two judicial review proceedings as frivolous, held that, to challenge the decision of a public authority, one must attempt to rely on proved individual circumstances.

Constitution of Ireland
The Constitution of Ireland (Irish: Bunreacht na hÉireann, pronounced [ˈbˠʊnˠɾˠəxt̪ˠ n̪ˠə ˈheːɾʲən̪ˠ]) is the fundamental law of Ireland. It asserts the national sovereignty of the Irish people. It guarantees certain fundamental rights, along with a popularly elected non-executive president, a bicameral parliament, a separation of powers and judicial review.

It is the second constitution of the Irish state since independence, replacing the 1922 Constitution of the Irish Free State. It came into force on 29 December 1937 following a statewide plebiscite held on 1 July 1937. The Constitution may be amended solely by a national referendum. It is the longest continually operating republican constitution within the European Union.
Tolmachev Dol
Tolmachev Dol (Russian: Толмачёв Дол) (Tolmachev Plateau) is a volcanic highland located in the southern part of Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, northeast of Opala volcano. The cones and lava fields cover a broad area around Tolmachev Lake within the  intermountain Tolmachev depression of area about 650 sq.km.

Tolmachev Dol is a large volcanic field, consisting of cinder cones and lava flows (GVP). It has principally erupted andesite and dacite. The Tolmachev Depression resulted from sagging a major lava province.

The stratovolcano Tolmachev Volcano is nearby.

Activity in the volcanic field commenced during the Pleistocene (GVP). The Chasha crater was the site of a large eruption about 4,609 ± 33 years before present, which ejected about 1.1 cubic kilometres (0.26 cu mi) of ash over an area of 15,000 square kilometres (5,800 sq mi). This ash was formerly attributed to the Opala volcano. 300 CE, the last eruption took place (GVP).

Cinder cone
A cinder cone or scoria cone is a steep, conical landform of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as volcanic ash, clinkers, or scoria that has been built around a volcanic vent. The pyroclastic fragments are formed by explosive eruptions or tall lava fountains from a single, typically cylindrical, vent.

As the gas-charged lava is blown violently into the air, it breaks into small fragments that solidify and fall as either scoria which is also referred to cinder and clinker around the vent to form a cone that is often symmetrical, with slopes between 30° and 40° and a nearly circular base. Most cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit.
Contship Containerlines
Contship Containerlines was a global container carrier operating from 1969 to 2005 in the India/Pakistan, Levant, Australia/New Zealand, South America and Asia trade, mainly to and from Europe. 
The company was founded just as containerization was beginning and continuously grew up with the growth of this market.

Intermodal freight transport
Intermodal freight transport involves the transportation of freight in an intermodal container or vehicle, using multiple modes of transportation (e.g., rail, ship, aircraft, and truck), without any handling of the freight itself when changing modes. The method reduces cargo handling, and so improves security, reduces damage and loss, and allows freight to be transported faster. Reduced costs over road trucking is the key benefit for inter-continental use. This may be offset by reduced timings for road transport over shorter distances.
Dakers Island
Dakers Island (64°46′S 64°23′W﻿ / ﻿64.767°S 64.383°W﻿ / -64.767; -64.383) is an island between Hartshorne Island and McGuire Island in the eastern Joubin Islands. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Hugh B. Dakers, a cook in RV Hero on her first Antarctic voyage to Palmer Station in 1968.

McGuire Island (Antarctica)
McGuire Island (64°46′S 64°24′W﻿ / ﻿64.767°S 64.400°W﻿ / -64.767; -64.400) is an island in the northeast portion of the Joubin Islands, Antarctica. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Thomas J. McGuire, an oiler in RV Hero in her first voyage to Antarctica and Palmer Station in 1968.
Black Opium (perfume)
Black Opium is an Oriental-Gourmand perfume for women, created for the French fashion house Yves Saint Laurent by perfumers Nathalie Lorson, Marie Salamagne, Olivier Cresp and Honorine Blanc. Black Opium is one of the most popular perfumes from Yves Saint Laurent.

The top notes are a mix of fruits, flowers and spices, the heart note has accords of coffee and jasmine, the former been the special note of the perfume and the base note is a combination of vanilla, patchouli and cedarwood. The perfume is a successor of Opium.

Yves Saint Laurent (fashion house)
Yves Saint Laurent SAS (/ˌiːv ˌsæ̃ lɔːˈrɒ̃/, also UK: /- lɒ-/, US: /- loʊ-/; French: [iv sɛ̃ lɔʁɑ̃] ⓘ), also known as Saint Laurent and YSL, is a French luxury fashion house founded in 1961 by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Bergé. The company specializes in couture, ready-to-wear, leather accessories, and footwear. Its cosmetics line, YSL Beauty, is owned by L'Oréal. Cédric Charbit has been CEO of Yves Saint Laurent since 2024, and Anthony Vaccarello creative director since 2016. In 2024, Yves Saint Laurent reported 2.9 billion euros in sales.
Domain congéable
Domaine congéable was a type of contract between a landowner and the person exploiting it agriculturally, very common in Lower Brittany, above all in Cornouaille and Trégor. The landowner might be the following:

bailleur (landlord), qualified as owner of lands or woodland made up of noble trees (such as beech)

fermier (farmer), known as the domainier or colon, was the owner of buildings, ditches and embankments, as well as woodland made up of non-noble trees.

A bail or rental agreement was signed, to last nine years, on payment of a commission. The domainier (tenant) paid the foncier (owner) a fixed rent or convenancière each year at Michaelmas.

Landlord
A landlord is the owner of property such as a farm, house, apartment, condominium, land, or real estate that is rented or leased to an individual or business, known as a tenant (also called a lessee or renter). The term landlord applies when a juristic person occupies this position. Alternative terms include lessor and owner. For female property owners, the term landlady may be used. In the United Kingdom, the manager of a pub, officially a licensed victualler, is also referred to as the landlord/landlady. In political economy, landlord specifically refers to someone who owns natural resources (such as land, excluding buildings) from which they derive economic rent, a form of passive income.
2023–24 in Welsh football
The 2023–24 season is the 32nd season of competitive football in Wales. The domestic season began on 21 July 2023, with the Cymru Premier League Cup first round matches alongside the first round of matches of the Cymru North and Cymru South which began on 28 July 2023. The first round of matches in the Cymru Premier were played on 11 August 2023.

2023–24 Cymru Premier
The 2023–24 Cymru Premier (Welsh: Uwch Gynghrair Cymru 2023–24; known as the JD Cymru Premier for sponsorship reasons) was the 32nd season of the Cymru Premier (formerly known as the Welsh Premier League), the highest football league within Wales since its establishment in 1992.

The winners (The New Saints, their third consecutive title win and sixteenth overall) qualified for the 2024–25 Champions League first qualifying round. The runners-up (Connah's Quay Nomads), third-placed team (Bala Town), and play-off winners (Caernarfon Town) qualified for the 2024–25 Conference League first qualifying round. The bottom two teams (Colwyn Bay and Pontypridd United) were relegated to either the 2024–25 Cymru North or the 2024–25 Cymru South.
2019 Dubai World Cup
The 2019 Dubai World Cup was a horse race run at Meydan Racecourse in Dubai on 30 March 2019. It was the 24th running of the race. The total prize money for the race was US$12 million, with the winner receiving $7.2 million. This was an increase of $2 million on the previous year, making it the world's richest horse race in 2019.

The race was won for the second year running by Thunder Snow, who became the first horse to win the Dubai World Cup twice.

Al Maktoum Mile
The Al Maktoum Mile, is a horse race run over a distance of 1,600 metres (1 mile) in late December on dirt at Meydan Racecourse in Dubai. Previously known as the Al Maktoum Challenge, Round 1 it was the first of three races in the Al Maktoum Challenge series which serve as trial races for the Dubai World Cup.

It was first run in 1994 on dirt at Nad Al Sheba Racecourse. It was transferred to Meydan in 2010 where it was run on the synthetic Tapeta Footings surface. In 2015 the synthetic surface at Meydan was replaced by a dirt track.

The race began as an ungraded stakes race before attaining Listed status in 1996. The race was elevated to Group 3 level in 2002 and became a Group 2 event in 2013.

The distance of the race changed from 1600 metres (8 furlongs). For the 2023–24 racing season the event was renamed to the Al Maktoum Mile and moved to be held in late December.
Kaare R. Norum
Kaare Reidar Norum (24 December 1932 – 22 November 2019) was a Norwegian physician and professor of nutrition. He served as rector of the University of Oslo from 1999 to 2001.

He was born in Oslo. He was hired as a docent at the University of Oslo in 1969 and advanced to professor in 1972. He served as vice dean of the Faculty of Medicine from 1983 to 1985, dean from 1986 to 1988 and rector from 1999 to 2001.

He was a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters since 1986; Commander of the Order of St. Olav in 1999 (Knight since 1992) and Commander of the Order of the Polar Star.

Norum became a member of Statens ernæringsråd in 1971 and chaired the council several times. He appeared numerous times in the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation, speaking on topics within nutrition, notably together with Ingrid Espelid Hovig.

Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (Norwegian: Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi, DNVA) is a learned society based in Oslo, Norway. Its purpose is to support the advancement of science and scholarship in Norway.
Amt Golzow
Amt Golzow is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Märkisch-Oderland, in Brandenburg, Germany. Its seat is in Golzow.

The Amt Golzow consists of the following municipalities:

Alt Tucheband

Bleyen-Genschmar

Golzow

Küstriner Vorland

Zechin

Märkisch-Oderland
Märkisch-Oderland is a Landkreis (district) in the eastern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Neighboring this district are (from the north clockwise) the district of Barnim, the country of Poland, the district-free city of Frankfurt (Oder), the district of Oder-Spree and the Bundesland of Berlin. The administrative seat is the town of Seelow but the largest town is Strausberg.
PostPet
PostPet (ポストペット, Posutopetto), commonly abbreviated as Posupe (ポスペ) in Japanese, is a hybrid virtual pet and email client software developed by PetWorks and So-net and first released in Japan in November 1997. The software is designed for computer novices. It takes place in a virtual room, allowing the user's pet to send and receive email messages. Multiple versions of the software have been released over the years, and the franchise has received adaptations into other forms of media, such as an anime series and multiple video games.

The software was successful and well-received for its appeal to new computer users, especially children and young women, with over 100,000 copies sold in less than a year. On the other hand, critics and journalists have noted that it is not well-suited for professional use.

Email client
An email client, email reader, message user agent (MUA), or mail user agent is a computer program used to access and manage a user's email.

A web application which provides message management, composition, and reception functions may act as a webmail client, and a piece of computer hardware or software whose primary or most visible role is to work as an email client may also use the term.
Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in Canary Islands
The Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in the Canary Islands are ultimately overseen by the Federación Canaria de Fútbol which operates Group 12 of the Tercera División RFEF, the fifth tier of the Spanish football league system, divided among each of the country's autonomous regions. However, unlike most of the regions, the leagues in the sixth tier and below are organised by two separate federations, corresponding to the provinces of Las Palmas and Tenerife. The other region with this arrangement is the Basque Country which has three provincial forks to its amateur setup; Andalusia and the Balearic Islands have two and three parallel divisions respectively under the same umbrella.

Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol
The Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol (Regional Football Divisions) are the Spanish football regional divisions. They are administered by the Autonomous football federations. The level immediately above (in the fifth tier) is the Tercera División RFEF. The autonomous regional divisions include:
Listed buildings in Woolverstone
Woolverstone is a village and civil parish in the Babergh District of Suffolk, England. It contains 18 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these one is grade I, two are grade II* and 15 are grade II.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England.

Woolverstone
Woolverstone is a small village and civil parish in Suffolk, England located on the Shotley peninsula. It is situated about 6.4 km (4.0 mi) south of Ipswich, near the southern shore of the River Orwell. In 2005 it had a population of 240, increasing to 265 at the 2011 census.

It is now home to the Ipswich High School, which moved to the vacated premises of the former Woolverstone Hall School in 1992 after having been well established in Ipswich since 1878. The  Woolverstone Marina and the Royal Harwich Yacht Club are also located in the vicinity.

HMS Woolverstone, a Royal Navy landing craft training and loading base, was housed in the school and used moorings in the River Orwell between 1943 and 1944.
Middle Magdalena Bloc of the FARC-EP
The Middle Magdalena Bloc of the FARC-EP (Spanish: Bloque Magdalena Medio) was a FARC-EP bloc, notable for its involvement in the conflict with the AUC until the latter's demobilization in 2004. After that, it became one of the Colombian army's biggest worries as FARC started once again to gain control over the territory.

The specific divisions of the group are arguable. Some of the believed divisions or 'fronts', as they were commonly called, are shown below. Many of these fronts sometimes worked together towards a certain mission, while others were further divided into 'columns' and 'companies' with a smaller number of members.  For more general information see FARC-EP Chain of Command.

Santander Department
Santander (Spanish pronunciation: [santanˈdeɾ]) is a department of Colombia. Santander inherited the name of one of the nine original states of the United States of Colombia. It is located in the central northern part of the country, borders the Magdalena River to the east, Boyacá to the south and southeast, the Norte de Santander Department to the northeast, the Cesar Department to the north, the Bolivar and Antioquia Departments to the west. Its capital is the city of Bucaramanga.
Barton and Pooley Bridge
Barton and Pooley Bridge is a civil parish in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England. The parish is on the edge of the Lake District National Park, and had a population of 232 according to the 2001 census, increasing slightly to 238 at the 2011 Census. The parish includes the village of Pooley Bridge, the small hamlet of Barton, and part of Ullswater, and extends south as far as Loadpot Hill. It has  an area of 16.95 square kilometres (6.54 sq mi) and a 2011 population density of 14/sqkm (36/sqmi). The parish was renamed from "Barton" to "Barton and Pooley Bridge" on 1 April 2019.

The parish was once much bigger and included the present civil parishes of Patterdale, Yanwath and Eamont Bridge and Sockbridge and Tirril.

Sockbridge and Tirril
Sockbridge and Tirril is a small civil parish in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria. It had a population of 397 in 2001, increasing to 415 at the 2011 Census. It comprises the adjoining settlements of Tirril, Sockbridge and Thorpe.  All three were once separate places but are now, in effect, a single village. They are near Penrith. The two villages are separated by a river.

The parish was formed in 1866 as Sockbridge and was previously a township in the parish of Barton.
Piz Ravetsch
Piz Ravetsch is a mountain in the Lepontine Alps, located in the Swiss canton of Graubünden near the border with Ticino. Piz Ravetsch is the highest summit of the range that separates Val Maighels and the valley of Lake Curnera. A relatively large glacier, named Glatscher da Maighels lies over its western flanks.

Lepontine Alps
The Lepontine Alps (German: Lepontinische Alpen, French: Alpes lépontines, Italian: Alpi Lepontine) are a mountain range in the north-western part of the Alps. They are located in Switzerland (Valais, Ticino, Uri and Graubünden) and Italy (Piedmont and Lombardy).

The Simplon rail tunnel (from Brig to Domodossola), the Gotthard rail (from Erstfeld to Bodio) and Gotthard road tunnels (from Andermatt to Airolo) and the San Bernardino road tunnel are important transport arteries.

The eastern portion of the Lepontine Alps, from the St Gotthard Pass to the Splügen Pass, is named the Adula Alps, while the western part is historically referred to as the Ticino Alps.
Lipaphis
Lipaphis is a genus of aphids of the family Aphididae.

Species include:

Lipaphis alliariae F.P. Muller, 1952

Lipaphis berteroaella Mamontova, 1979

Lipaphis cochleariae Jacob, 1956

Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach, 1843)

Lipaphis fritzmuelleri Börner, 1950

Lipaphis lepidii (Nevsky, 1929)

Lipaphis pseudobrassicae

Lipaphis rossi Börner, 1939

Lipaphis ruderalis Börner, 1939

Lipaphis sisymbrii Bozhko, 1976

Lipaphis turritella (Wahlgren, 1938)

Lipaphis erysimi
Lipaphis erysimi is a species of aphid of the family Aphididae. Its common names include mustard aphid and turnip aphid. It is found in most temperate and tropical areas of the world and feeds only on cruciferous plants. The insects are almost exclusively female and are very prolific, with wingless females producing around one hundred young during a lifespan of a few weeks.