hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dhenuka (raga)
Dhenuka (pronounced dhēnukā) is a rāgam (musical scale) in Carnatic music. It is the 9th Melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music.

It is called Dhunibinnashadjam in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.

Melakarta
Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales (ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). Mēḷakartā ragas are parent ragas (hence known as janaka ragas) from which other ragas may be derived. A melakarta raga is sometimes referred as mela, karta or sampurna as well, though the latter usage is inaccurate, as a sampurna raga need not be a melakarta (take the raga Bhairavi, for example).

In Hindustani music the thaat is the rough equivalent of Melakartā. There are 10 thaats in Hindustani music, though the commonly accepted melakarta scheme has 72 ragas.
Langdon Hills
Langdon Hills is an area of Basildon in Essex, England. It lies on the south-west side of the town, adjoining the border between the Borough of Basildon and Thurrock.

It is located south of Laindon railway station on the London, Tilbury and Southend line. It is the location of the 400-acre (1.6 km2) Langdon Hills Country Park, which is in Thurrock.

Langdon Hills was historically also known as Laindon Hills. It was part of the territory of Laindon in Saxon times, which subsequently fragmented into smaller manors and parishes, including Langdon Hills. The civil parish of Langdon Hills was abolished in 1936, when the more sparsely populated south-west of the old parish was included in the new Thurrock Urban District, and the more developed north-east part was added to the Billericay Urban District, which was renamed Basildon in 1955. Langdon Hills remains an ecclesiastical parish.

Basildon Urban District
Basildon Urban District (from 1934 to 1955 Billericay Urban District) was a local government district in south Essex, England, from 1934 to 1974.

The district was created in 1934 from the following parishes (all from Billericay Rural District):

Basildon

Bowers Gifford

Great Burstead

Laindon

Lee Chapel

Little Burstead

Nevendon

North Benfleet

Pitsea

Vange

Wickford

It also gained 1,282 acres (5 km2) from Chelmsford Rural District and 1,627 acres (7 km2) from Orsett Rural District.

In 1937 all the parishes were abolished and used to create a Billericay parish which covered the same area as the district. In 1955 the district was renamed Basildon, still consisting of the Billericay parish.

From 1938 until the early 1960s the urban district council met at the Town Hall at 94 High Street in Billericay and had its main offices nearby, notably at 98 High Street. In the early 1960s the council moved to premises in the new town centre of Basildon.
Aldbrough Beck
Aldbrough  Beck is a small beck in North Yorkshire, England.

The beck starts near Eppleby, in the Richmondshire district, and flows southeast, joining the Mary Wild Beck.  It passes under a packhorse bridge while passing through Aldbrough St John.  One  mile further on the stream becomes known as Clow Beck and flows seven miles more, joining the River Tees near Croft-on-Tees.

River Tees
The River Tees (/tiːz/), in England, rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the North Pennines and flows eastwards for 85 miles (137 km) to reach the North Sea in the North East of England. The modern-day history of the river has been tied with the industries on Teesside in its lower reaches, where it has provided the means of import and export of goods to and from the North East England. The need for water further downstream also meant that reservoirs were built in the extreme upper reaches, such as Cow Green.
Subregion
A subregion is a part of a larger geographical region or continent. Cardinal directions are commonly used to define subregions. There are many criteria for creating systems of subregions; this article is focusing on the United Nations geoscheme, which is a changing, constantly updated, UN tool based on specific political geography and demography considerations relevant in UN statistics.

South Caucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia, or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia.
Ben Eggleton
Benjamin John Eggleton, FAA FTSE     FRSN, (born 6 November 1970) is Pro Vice Chancellor (Research) at the University of Sydney. He is also Professor in the School of Physics where he leads a research group in integrated photonics, nonlinear optics and smart sensors and serves as co-director of the NSW Smart Sensing Network (NSSN).

Australian Laureate Fellowship
The Australian Laureate Fellowship is an Australian professorial research fellowship awarded by the Australian Research Council. Fellows are chosen each year for five-year awards. In 2023 8 industry-focused Laureate Fellowships were awarded for the first time.
Stepan Chernyak
Stepan Ivanovich Chernyak (Russian: Степан Иванович Черняк; 25 December 1899 – 20 July 1976) was a Soviet Army general and Hero of the Soviet Union who held field army and division command during World War II, rising to the rank of general-leytenant.

A veteran of World War I and the Russian Civil War, Chernyak rose through command positions in the interwar Red Army, serving as a military advisor in the Spanish Civil War. Made a Hero of the Soviet Union for his leadership of the 136th Rifle Division during the Winter War, Chernyak commanded the 44th Army in the Battle of the Kerch Peninsula, but after the defeat in Crimea he was demoted and remained a division commander for the rest of the war, which he ended as a general-mayor. His career stagnated postwar and he retired in the late 1950s.

1st Belorussian Front
The 1st Belorussian Front (Russian: Пéрвый Белорусский фронт, Pervyy Belorusskiy front, also romanized "Byelorussian"), known without a numeral as the Belorussian Front between October 1943 and February 1944, was a major formation of the Red Army during World War II, being equivalent to a Western army group. Alongside the 1st Ukrainian Front, it was the largest and most powerful among all Soviet fronts, as their main effort was to capture Berlin, the capital of Nazi Germany.
Harwich High and Low Lighthouses
Harwich High and Low Lighthouses are a pair of early 19th-century towers in Harwich, Essex, which were built as leading lights to help guide vessels into the harbour. They replaced an earlier pair of lights established in the seventeenth century when Harwich was a key operational base for the Royal Navy.

Trinity House
Trinity House, founded by Royal Charter in 1514, is the General lighthouse authority for England, Wales, the Channel Islands, and Gibraltar. It maintains navigational aids such as lightvessels and buoys, as well as communications services and pilotage for ships in the North Sea. These are financed by dues levied on commercial vessels calling at ports in the British Isles.

In addition, Trinity operates a registered charity, which provides welfare services for retired seamen, education, and promoting safety at sea. Funding for this is generated separately.
1944 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1944 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 54th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Éire Óg Annacarty were the defending champions.

Thurles Sarsfields won the championship after a 6–03 to 1–04 defeat of Kilrunae MacDonaghs in the final. It was their 14th championship title overall and their first title since 1942.

1942 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1942 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 52nd staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Boherlahan were the defending champions.

Thurles Sarsfields won the championship after an 8–05 to 0–01 defeat of Killenaule in the final. It was their 13th championship title overall and their first title since 1939.
History of Edinburgh
While the area around modern-day Edinburgh has been inhabited for thousands of years, the history of Edinburgh as a definite settlement can be traced to the early Middle Ages when a hillfort was established in the area, most likely on the Castle Rock. From the seventh to the tenth centuries it was part of the Anglian Kingdom of Northumbria, becoming thereafter a royal residence of the Scottish kings. The town that developed next to the stronghold was established by royal charter in the early 12th century, and by the middle of the 14th century was being described as the capital of Scotland. The area known as the New Town was added from the second half of the 18th century onwards. Edinburgh was Scotland's largest city until Glasgow outgrew it in the first two decades of the 19th century.  Following Scottish devolution in the very late 20th century, Scotland's Parliament was re-established in Edinburgh.

Kirk (word)
Kirk is a Scottish and former Northern English word meaning 'church'. The term the Kirk is often used informally to refer specifically to the Church of Scotland, the Scottish national church that developed from the 16th-century Scottish Reformation. Many place names and personal first and last names are derived from kirk.
Yarbaşı, Düziçi
Yarbaşı is a town (belde) in the Düziçi District, Osmaniye Province, Turkey. Its population is 3,559 (2022). It is on the Osmaniye-Düziçi highway, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from central Düziçi and 24 kilometres (15 mi) from the city of Osmaniye.

Düziçi
Düziçi is a town in Osmaniye Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. It is the seat of Düziçi District. Its population is 56,724 (2022). It is located in a small plain in the foothills of the Nur Mountains and 440 m above the sea level.

Düziçi is on a route from the Middle East to Anatolia and has seen numerous armies and campaigns throughout the centuries. The historical names for this site are minor variations of Haruniye (Arabic: al-Hārūniyya(h); Armenian: Harun or Harunia; Crusader: Haronia or Aronia).  Its small castle is on an outcrop about 3 kilometers northeast of the town.
Die Harzreise
Die Harzreise ("The Harz Journey") is a travel report by German poet and author Heinrich Heine on a journey to the Harz mountains. Compiled in autumn 1824, it was first published as a serial in January and February 1826 in the magazine Der Gesellschafter by Friedrich Wilhelm Gubitz and ran for 14 instalments. Some censorship changes were made beforehand. Later in 1826 Die Harzreise appeared in the first part of the Reisebilder ("Pictures of travel") collection. For the book, Heine made revisions and changes, and added the famous Göttingen section. Heine himself described his record as a literary fragment. The book was the first of Heine's to be published by Hoffmann & Campe in Hamburg, the publisher who later brought out all Heine's writings.

Clausthal-Zellerfeld
Clausthal-Zellerfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈklaʊstaːlˈtsɛlɐfɛlt] ⓘ) is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located in the southwestern part of the Harz mountains. Its population is approximately 15,000. The town hosts the Clausthal University of Technology. The health resort is located in the Upper Harz at an altitude between 390 and 821 m above sea level.
Harry Potter and the Escape from Gringotts
Harry Potter and the Escape from Gringotts is an indoor steel roller coaster designed by Universal Creative and built by Intamin at Universal Studios Florida, a theme park located within the Universal Orlando Resort. Similar to dark rides, the roller coaster utilizes special effects in a controlled-lighting environment and also employs motion-based 3-D projection of both animation and live-action sequences to enhance the experience. The ride is themed to Gringotts Wizarding Bank, as depicted in the Harry Potter films, and became the flagship attraction for the expanded Wizarding World of Harry Potter – Diagon Alley when it opened on July 8, 2014.

Dark ride
A dark ride—or ghost train when horror themed—is an indoor amusement ride on which passengers aboard guided vehicles travel through specially lit scenes that typically contain animation, sound, music and special effects. Appearing as early as the 19th century, such exhibits include tunnels of love, scary themes and interactive stories. Dark rides are intended to tell stories, with thematic elements that immerse riders, which unfold throughout the course of the attraction.
Elaphe hodgsoni
Elaphe hodgsoni, also known commonly as Hodgson's rat snake and the Himalayan trinket snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is native to parts of Asia around the Himalayas.

George Albert Boulenger
George Albert Boulenger FRS (19 October 1858 – 23 November 1937) was a Belgian-British zoologist who described and gave scientific names to over 2,000 new animal species, chiefly fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Boulenger was also an active botanist during the last 30 years of his life, especially in the study of roses.
Dawr
A dawr (Arabic: دور or الدور; plural: adwar, أدوار; also spelled dour) is a genre of Arabic vocal music sung in regional or colloquial Arabic. The genre faded in popularity after the 1920s and often used the melismatic technique of ahaat.

The dawr often uses a string of maqamat, moving from one to the other in sequence.

Dawr can also refer to the first section of a muwashshah.

Ahaat
Ahaat (Arabic: آهات) is a technique used in Arabic vocal music, involving the use of extended melodic variations on the syllable "a." The technique, which gives the impression of a sigh, is typically used to express strong emotion such as longing, sorrow, or great joy.

Ahaat is used in Arabic classical and modern music as well as in light classical music, such as that performed by the Egyptian singer Umm Kulthum.
Đỗ Mười
Đỗ Mười (Vietnamese: [ɗǒˀ mɨ̂əj]; 2 February 1917 – 1 October 2018) was a Vietnamese communist politician. He rose in the party hierarchy in the late 1940s, became Chairman of the Council of Ministers in 1988 and was elected General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) at the 7th Congress in 1991. He continued his predecessor's policy of ruling through a collective leadership and Nguyễn Văn Linh's policy of economic reform. He was elected for two terms as General Secretary, but left office in 1997 at the 3rd plenum of the 8th Central Committee during his second term.

Đỗ Mười was an advisor to the Central Committee from 1997 until 2001, when the institution of Advisory Council of the Central Committee was abolished. He was a delegate to the 9th, 10th and 11th Congresses. While he officially retired from politics in 1997, Đỗ Mười continued to influence decision-making. He died on 1 October 2018 at Central Military Hospital 108.

7th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam
The 7th Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV), formally the 7th Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Bộ Chính trị Ban Chấp hành trung ương Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam Khoá VII), was elected at the 1st Plenary Session of the 7th Central Committee in the immediate aftermath of the 7th National Congress.
Neil Martin (cyclist)
Neil Martin (born 1 April 1960) is a British former cyclist. He competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics. He now works as a team manager for under-23 cyclists within Cycling Ireland's High Performance Unit.

His father, Vic, competed in grass track racing on weekends whilst working for GEC as an electrical engineer. He is the father of Dan Martin, and related by marriage to Stephen Roche and Nicolas Roche, all fellow racing cyclists. Martin joined the new SEG Racing team in 2015 as a directeur sportif. He moved across to An Post–Chain Reaction in 2016 to take up the same role, staying with the team in 2017.

Stephen Roche
Stephen Roche (/ˈroʊtʃ/; born 28 November 1959) is an Irish former professional road racing cyclist. In a 13-year professional career, he peaked in 1987, becoming the second of only three male cyclists to win the Triple Crown of victories in the Tour de France and the Giro d'Italia general classification, plus the World road race championship, the others being Eddy Merckx and Tadej Pogačar. Roche's rise coincided with that of fellow Irishman Sean Kelly.

Although one of the finest cyclists of his generation and admired for his pedalling style, he struggled with knee injuries and never contended in the Grand Tours post-1987. He had 58 professional career wins.
Deer Creek Hot Springs
Deer Creek Hot Springs (also known as Bigelow Hot Springs) is a hot spring along the McKenzie River in the Cascade Range of western Oregon, United States.

The thermal pools usually have a rock ring providing 1 to 2 feet (30 to 61 cm) of depth over coarse sand and measure about 8 by 13 feet (2.4 by 4.0 m).  When the McKenzie river is high (winter and spring), the pools are combined into a single pool and inundated with cold water.  The spring emerges at 104 °F (40 °C) from a shallow overhanging cave.  The springs are located south of the McKenzie River Bridge, in a fee-free day-use area open from sunrise to sunset.

McKenzie River (Oregon)
The McKenzie River is a 90-mile (145 km) tributary of the Willamette River in western Oregon in the United States. It drains part of the Cascade Range east of Eugene and flows westward into the southernmost end of the Willamette Valley. It is named for Donald McKenzie, a Scottish Canadian fur trader who explored parts of the Pacific Northwest for the Pacific Fur Company in the early 19th century. As of the 21st century, six large dams have been built on the McKenzie and its tributaries.
Philippe Collin
Philippe Collin (born 13 July 1946) is a Belgian former field hockey player and busisnessman. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1972 Summer Olympics.

He also served as secretary-general of football club RSC Anderlecht from 1996 through late 2017, having joined the club while his uncle Constant Vanden Stock was its chairman. He held the function of chairman of the technical commission of the Belgian FA from 2009 until 2016 as well.

Constant Vanden Stock
Constant Vanden Stock (Flemish pronunciation: [kɔ̃ːˈstɑ̃ː vɑndə(n) ˈstɔk]; 13 June 1914 – 19 April 2008) was a Belgian football player, trainer, football manager and entrepreneur.

Vanden Stock was chairman of RSC Anderlecht from 1971 to 1996. Under his reign, Anderlecht won the national title ten times, the Belgian Cup seven times, the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup twice, the UEFA Cup once and the European Super Cup twice. Constant Vanden Stock was also one of the founders of the introduction of professional football in Belgium. In addition to football, he built the Belle-Vue brewery into a successful global brand. Vanden Stock managed the family brewery, famous for its Kriek and Lambic, until he sold it to beer giant Interbrew, now InBev.
George William Potter
George William Potter (1831 – 14 April 1919) was a builder, estate agent and surveyor in Hampstead, London, whose firm contributed to the modern development of Hampstead and Hampstead Garden Suburb. As a builder, he constructed the houses in Gayton Crescent and Gayton Road. Late in life he wrote two books of recollections of the history of Hampstead.

Estate agent
An estate agent is a person or business in the United Kingdom that arranges the selling, renting, or managing of properties and other buildings. An agent that specialises in renting is often called a letting or management agent. Estate agents are mainly engaged in the marketing of property available for sale and contract reassignments, and a solicitor or licensed conveyancer is used to prepare the legal documents. In Scotland, however, many solicitors also act as estate agents, a practice that is rare in England and Wales. In the other countries such as the United States, estate agents are more commonly called real estate agents.

"Estate agent" also remains the current title for the person responsible for the management of one group of privately owned, all or mostly tenanted properties under one ownership. Alternative titles are factor, steward, or bailiff, depending on the era, region, and extent of the property concerned.
Panniyankara
Panniyankara is a suburb situated in Kozhikode district, Kerala, India. Panniyankara's surrounding cities include Kallai, Thiruvannur, Kannanchery, Vattakkinar, and Payyanakkal.

Panniyankara is proposed to have a monorail station once the Second phase of Kozhikode Monorail project is complete.

Panniyankara area is represented by Nirmala, an Independent Candidate from Kozhikode Corporation.

Payyanakkal
Payyanakkal is a small town in the south west area in Kozhikode Corporation, Kerala, India.

It is bounded by the Arabian Sea to the west, the Kallayi River to the north, a railway line to the east, and the old Beypore Panchayath boundary to the south.  The Payyanakkal falls under Parliament Constituency Kozhikode.

Payyanakkal comprises places such as Chakkumkadavu, Kappakkal, Nadi Nagar, Koyavalappu and parts of Kallayi, Panniyankara & Kannanchery. Payyanakkal falls under Parliament Constituency Kozhikode represented by Sri. M.K. Raghavan  and Kerala Legislature assembly "Kozhikode-South" represented by Sri. Ahamed Devarkovil.  The entire Payyanakkal area (revenue ward 21) is represented in Kozhikode Corporaration by Sri. Musaffir Ahamed C.P. (Ward-54 Kappakkal), Smt. Jayasheela N (Ward-55) Payyanakkal) and Sri. Bijulal M (Ward-56 Chakkumkadavu).
2004 Queensland local elections
The 2004 Queensland local elections were held on 27 March 2004 to elect the mayors and councils of all local government areas in Queensland, Australia.

These were the final elections for a significant number of councils in Queensland, which were abolished in 2008 after an extensive local government reform process set up by the Beattie Government.

2008 Queensland local elections
The 2008 Queensland local elections were held on 15 March 2008 to elect the mayors and councils of the 73 local government areas in Queensland, Australia.

These were the last elections contested by the Queensland Liberal Party, as they merged with the Queensland Nationals to form the Liberal National Party of Queensland a few months later in July.
Anydros
Anydros (Greek: Άνυδρος) is an uninhabited Greek islet in the municipality of Santorini, which is a group of islands in the Cyclades. It is north of the island Anafi, and southwest of Amorgos. It is sometimes called Greek: Αμοργοπούλα, romanized: Amorgopoúla. The island hosts a seismometer, part of the Greek national network, installed in 2025. An earthquake fault located near Anydros was the source of the 1956 Amorgos earthquake that registered 7.6 on the Richter scale and caused widespread damage on Amorgos and the island of Santorini, where dozens died. A second 7.5 quake and a 30-meter tsunami followed.

There were hundreds of minor earthquakes of up to magnitude 5 in an area around Anydros at the beginning of February 2025, causing concern in Santorini and causing more than half the population to leave the island. The seismic activity was attributed to tectonic plate movements rather than volcanism, and it was thought that it could last weeks.

Cyclades
The Cyclades (/ˈsɪklədiːz/; Greek: Κυκλάδες, romanized: Kykládes, IPA: [ciˈkla.ðes]) are an island group in the Aegean Sea, southeast of mainland Greece and a former administrative prefecture of Greece. They are one of the island groups which constitute the Aegean archipelago. The name (Κυκλάδες νήσοι, Kykládes nísoi, 'encircling islands') refers to the archipelago forming a circle around the sacred island of Delos. The largest island of the Cyclades is Naxos; the most populated, however, is Syros.