hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Overlapping generations model
The overlapping generations (OLG) model is one of the dominating frameworks of analysis in the study of macroeconomic dynamics and economic growth. In contrast to the Ramsey–Cass–Koopmans neoclassical growth model in which individuals are infinitely-lived, in the OLG model individuals live a finite length of time, long enough to overlap with at least one period of another agent's life.

The OLG model is the natural framework for the study of: (a) the life-cycle behavior (investment in human capital, work and saving for retirement), (b) the implications of the allocation of resources across the generations, such as Social Security, on the income per capita in the long-run, (c) the determinants of economic growth in the course of human history, and (d) the factors that triggered the fertility transition.

Peter Diamond
Peter Arthur Diamond (born April 29, 1940) is an American economist known for his analysis of U.S. Social Security policy and his work as an advisor to the Advisory Council on Social Security in the late 1980s and 1990s. He was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 2010, along with Dale T. Mortensen and Christopher A. Pissarides. He is an Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. On June 6, 2011, he withdrew his nomination to serve on the Federal Reserve's board of governors, citing intractable Republican opposition for 14 months.
Sotoyomo-class tugboat
The Sotoyomo-class tugboats were a class of United States Navy rescue tugboats. The lead ship was USS Sotoyomo, laid down in September 1942. Designed as "rescue tugs", the class consisted of forty-nine ships, classified as auxiliaries. Sotoyomo commemorates a part of the Sioux tribe.

USS Sotoyomo (ATA-121)
USS Sotoyomo (ATR-43/ATA-121) was a rescue tug of the United States Navy that served during World War II and the early 1950s, and was sold to Mexico in 1963.

The ship was laid down on 7 September 1942 at Orange, Texas, by the Levingston Shipbuilding Co., launched on 19 October 1942, and commissioned on 29 May 1943 as USS ATR-43.
Tarek Hadj Adlane
Tarek Hadj Adlane (born 11 December 1965) is a retired Algerian football player who played as a striker. Hadj Adlane played in his career with USM Alger and JS Kabylie as well as in Saudi Arabia with Al-Wehda.

African Cup Winners' Cup
The African Cup Winners' Cup was a football competition that started in 1975 and merged with the CAF Cup in 2004 to form the CAF Confederation Cup. It was a competition between the winning clubs of domestic cups in CAF-affiliated nations and was modelled after the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup.
Miss Mundo Dominicana 2005
The Miss Mundo Dominicana 2005 pageant was held on July 11, 2005, with 28 candidates competing for the national crown. The winner, Elisa Abreu de los Santos, represented the Dominican Republic at the Miss World 2005.

Miss World 2005
Miss World 2005, the 55th edition of the Miss World pageant, was held on 10 December 2005 at the Crown of Beauty Theatre in Sanya, China. María Julia Mantilla of Peru crowned her successor Unnur Birna Vilhjálmsdóttir of Iceland. 102 contestants from all over the world competed for the crown. All contestants competed in three "fast track" events, Beach Beauty, Miss Talent, and Beauty With a Purpose contests. The winner of each competition immediately became one of the fifteen pageant semi-finalists. She became the third Icelandic woman to win Miss World since Hólmfríður Karlsdóttir in Miss World 1985 and Linda Pétursdóttir in Miss World 1988.
Xerobdellidae
Xerobdellidae are a small family of jawed leeches in the order Arhynchobdellida. Xerobdellidae have three jaws and five pairs of eyes, the fourth and fifth being separated by one or two eyeless segments. The genera placed herein occur in Chile (Mesobdella), Europe (Xerobdella) and Diestecostoma is found in Central and northern South America. This peculiar distribution strongly suggests they are a relict Pangaean group, which had already been present by the start of the Jurassic 250 million years ago.

Arhynchobdellida
Arhynchobdellida, the proboscisless leeches, are  a monophyletic order of leeches. They are defined by the lack of the protrusible proboscis that defines their sister taxon, the Rhynchobdellida. Arhynchobdellida is a diverse order, compromising both aquatic and terrestrial, besides sanguivorous and predatory, leeches. The order is divided into two suborders, Erpobdelliformes and Hirudiniformes (sometimes also called the Pharyngobdelliformes and Gnathobdelliformes, respectively).
Washington's 1st legislative district
Washington's 1st legislative district is one of 49 districts in Washington state and is responsible for representation in the state legislature.

The district's legislators are state senator Derek Stanford and state representatives Davina Duerr (position 1) and Shelley Kloba (position 2), all Democrats.

Patty Murray, Washington's current senior U.S. Senator and the fourth-highest-ranking Democrat and highest-ranking woman in the Senate, previously represented the 1st legislative district in the Washington State Senate for the 1989–1993 term before being elected to the United States Senate. However, much of what was once her district is now included in the 32nd district, as she lived at the time in what is now Shoreline.

Washington's 32nd legislative district
Washington's 32nd legislative district is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature.

It includes the cities of Lynnwood, Edmonds (both in Snohomish County) and Shoreline (in King County).

The district's legislators are state senator Jesse Salomon and state representatives Cindy Ryu (position 1) and Lauren Davis (position 2), all Democrats.
Hirlipali
Hirlipali is a village in Attabira Tehsil of Bargarh district of Odisha, India. The village is located on the banks of canal that flows reservoir water from Hirakud Dam. It is about 10 km from Attabira and about 20 km from Bargarh town. The total geographical area of Hirlipali Gram Panchayat is 25.19 square kilometers, and has a total population of 8,320. There are approximately 1,817 households in the Gram Panchayat.

Bargarh district
Bargarh district is an administrative district of Odisha state in eastern India. The city of Bargarh is its district headquarters. The district was carved out of the erstwhile district of Sambalpur on 1 April 1993.
HQ-12
The KS-1 or Kaishan-1 (Chinese: 凯山一号), military designation HQ-12 (simplified Chinese: 红旗-12; traditional Chinese: 紅旗-12; pinyin: Hóng Qí-Yāo èr; lit. 'Red Banner-12'; NATO reporting name: CH-SA-12) is the first Chinese surface-to-air missile to adopt a phased array radar.

China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition
China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition (中国国际航空航天博览会), also known as the Airshow China (中国航展) and Zhuhai Airshow (珠海航展), is a biennial international aerospace trade expo held in Zhuhai, Guangdong, since 1996. It is the largest airshow in China.
Chaldean Catholic Eparchy of Mardin
Mardin was a diocese of the Chaldean Church from the sixteenth to the twentieth century. The diocese lapsed in 1941. Prior to this, it was a diocese of the Assyrian Church of the East, from which the Chaldean Catholic Church originated.

Joseph III (Chaldean Catholic patriarch)
Mar Joseph III Timothy Maroge (or Youssef III Timotheos Maraugin or Maroghin) was the third incumbent of the Josephite line of Church of the East, a patriarchate in Full Communion with the pope mainly active in the areas of Amid and Mardin. He was the Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church from 1713 to 1757.
2025–26 Mestis season
The 2025–26 Mestis season is the 26th season of Mestis, the second level of ice hockey in Finland. 10 teams participates in the league and each will play 49 games during the regular season.

The regular season is followed by playoffs, promotion and relegation series. The winner of the playoffs will be declared the Champion of Mestis and will participate in the promotion series to Liiga. Those teams finishing ninth and tenth will play a series to avoid relegation to Suomi-Sarja.

Suomi-sarja
The Suomi-sarja is Finland's third highest ice hockey league. Suomi-sarja has 14 teams. Suomi-sarja has been played since the 1999–2000 season. Prior to this, Finland's third league had been Division II since 1975 and before that the Provincial Series since 1947. During the 1990s the series also included an Estonian team. The series was played in two segments in the 2006–2007 season. During the 2007–2008 season there were four divisions. Teams playing in the Suomi-sarja can be relegated to the 2. Divisioona or promoted to Mestis.

During the 2022–23 season, there are 13 teams. The eight best teams continue to the playoffs and the worst two teams play in the qualifiers against 2. divisioona teams. The Suomi-sarja champion and the runner-up advance to Mestis qualifiers.
Roneat thung
The roneat thung or roneat thum (Khmer: រនាតធុង) is a low-pitched xylophone used in the Khmer classical music of Cambodia. It is built in the shape of a curved, rectangular boat. This instrument plays an important part in the Pinpeat ensemble. The roneat Thung is placed on the left of the roneat ek, a higher-pitched xylophone. The Roneat Thung is analogous to the ranat thum of Thai.

Music of Cambodia
The music of Cambodia is derived from a mesh of cultural traditions dating back to the ancient Khmer Empire, India, China and the original indigenous tribes living in the area before the arrival of Indian and Chinese travelers. With the rapid Westernization of popular music, Cambodian music has incorporated elements from music around the world through globalization.
Robert A. Berman
Robert A. Berman (born December 8, 1959) is an American businessman known for his contributions to the casino industry in the US. He has owned and directed several prominent organizations and companies including Empire Resorts and Monticello Raceway. He has also formed partnerships with numerous institutional investors, which led to the acquisition of hotel properties across the US. Berman's plans to develop a casino 90 miles from New York City led to a contentious battle with Donald Trump that later led to Trump receiving the largest fine in the history of New York State's lobbying commission. He was involved in several projects concerning the development of Native American gaming in the New York and Idaho area.
Now working as GP of Avon Road Partners, LP. Leading daughter JB Berman into the family business.

St. Regis Mohawk Reservation
44°58′26″N 74°39′49″W﻿ / ﻿44.973972°N 74.663590°W﻿ / 44.973972; -74.663590

St. Regis Mohawk Reservation (French: Réserve Mohawk Saint-Régis; Mohawk: Ahkwesáhsne) is a Mohawk Indian reservation of the federally recognized Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe, located in Franklin County, New York, United States. It is also known by its Mohawk name, Akwesasne. The population was 3,288 at the 2010 census. The reservation is adjacent to the Akwesasne reserve in Ontario (Akwesasne 59) and Quebec (Akwesasne 15) across the St. Lawrence River. The Mohawk consider the entire community to be one unit and have the right to travel freely across the international border.
Rufous-collared sparrow
The rufous-collared sparrow or Andean sparrow (Zonotrichia capensis) is an American sparrow found in a wide range of habitats, often near humans, from the extreme south-east of Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, and the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean. It has diverse vocalizations, which have been intensely studied since the 1970s, particularly by Paul Handford and Stephen C. Lougheed (UWO), Fernando Nottebohm (Rockefeller University) and Pablo Luis Tubaro (UBA). Local names for this bird include the Portuguese tico-tico and mariquinha, the Spanish copetón ("tufted") in Colombia, as well as chingolo and chincol, comemaíz "corn eater" in Costa Rica, chincol in Chile and Cigua de Constanza in the Dominican Republic.

New World sparrow
New World sparrows are a group of mainly New World passerine birds, forming the family Passerellidae. They are seed-eating birds with conical bills, brown or gray in color, and many species have distinctive head patterns.

Although they share the name sparrow, New World sparrows are more closely related to Old World buntings than they are to the Old World sparrows (family Passeridae). New World sparrows are also similar in both appearance and habit to finches, with which they sometimes used to be classified.
Tochigi Prefectural Museum of Fine Arts
Tochigi Prefectural Museum of Fine Arts (栃木県立美術館, Tochigi Kenritsu Bijutsukan) opened in Utsunomiya, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan, in 1972. The collection includes works by Hamada Shōji, Takahashi Yuichi, Constable, Corot, Gainsborough, Monet, and Turner, and special exhibitions are also mounted.

Utsunomiya
Utsunomiya (宇都宮市, Utsunomiya-shi; [ɯt͡sɯnomija] ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of Tochigi Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 513,584, and a population density of 1,232 persons per square kilometre (3,190/sq mi). The total area of the city is 416.85 km2 (160.95 sq mi). Utsunomiya is famous for its gyoza (pan fried dumplings). There are more than two hundred gyoza restaurants in Utsunomiya.

Greater Utsunomiya (宇都宮都市圏, Utsunomiya Toshi-ken) had a population of 888,005 in the 2000 census. The nearby city of Oyama is included in Greater Tokyo, but Greater Utsunomiya is not, despite the two areas amalgamating somewhat. It is the 10th most populated city in the Kantō region.
38 BC
Year 38 BC was either a common year starting on Sunday or Monday or a leap year starting on Saturday, Sunday or Monday of the Julian calendar (the sources differ, see leap year error for further information) and a common year starting on Sunday of the Proleptic Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Pulcher and Flaccus (or, less frequently, year 716 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 38 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. It was also the first year (year 1) of the Spanish era calendar in use in Hispania until the 15th century.

Common year starting on Sunday
A common year starting on Sunday is any non-leap year (i.e. a year with 365 days) that begins on Sunday, 1 January, and ends on Sunday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is A. The most recent year of such kind was 2023, and the next one will be 2034 in the Gregorian calendar, or, likewise, 2018 and 2029 in the obsolete Julian calendar, see below for more.

Any common year that starts on a Sunday has two Friday the 13ths: those two in this common year occur in January and October.

This year has four months (January, April, July and October) which begin on a weekend-day.
So You Think You Can Dance Canada season 3
Season 3 of So You Think You Can Dance Canada is a dance reality show and competition that airs on CTV.  It is hosted by ETalk correspondent Leah Miller. In addition to the winner receiving the title of Canada's Favourite Dancer and $100,000, both the winner and runner-up received a Mazda 2.

Luther Brown
Luther Brown is a Canadian choreographer/artistic director. Born in Kingston, Jamaica, and raised in Toronto, Ontario, he is best known as a hip hop dance choreographer for movies, television and commercials. Brown is a regular choreographer for the television dance competition So You Think You Can Dance and So You Think You Can Dance Canada, for which he was a choreographer and a judge. Brown is a co-founder of Do Dat Entertainment.

In addition to his television work, Brown has choreographed over 100 music videos for artists including Janet Jackson, P.Diddy, Jully Black, Shawn Desman, Alicia Keys, Brandy, Christina Aguilera, Nicki Minaj and Big Bang.
Anaqi Sufi Omar Baki
Pengiran Anaqi Sufi bin Pengiran Haji Omar Baki (born 22 July 1990) is a Bruneian footballer who plays as a midfielder. He played for the Brunei national football team on two occasions. He is also a futsal player and is currently playing for BIBD SRC of the Brunei Futsal League.

Brunei FA Cup
The Brunei FA Cup is Brunei's premier knockout tournament in men's football. The current format is administered by the Football Association of Brunei Darussalam (FABD) since 2012.

The championship winner will receive B$10,000 and first runner up will get B$7,000 ($5,000 USD) as prize money.
Apruebo Dignidad
Apruebo Dignidad ([aˈpɾweβo ðiɣniˈðað]; in English, Approve Dignity, AD) was a democratic socialist Chilean electoral coalition officially created on 11 January 2021, by the Broad Front and Chile Digno in preparation for the Constitutional Convention election.

Democratic Revolution
Democratic Revolution (Spanish: Revolución Democrática) was a Chilean centre-left to left-wing political party, founded in 2012 by some of the leaders of the 2011 Chilean student protests, most notably the current Deputy Giorgio Jackson, who is also the most popular public figure of the party. Their principles were based on advocating for participative democracy and the overcoming of neoliberalism in Chile.
Joseph Beuys Sculpture Park
Joseph Beuys Sculpture Park is a park located on the campus of the University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC) in Baltimore County, Maryland, inspired by Joseph Beuys' extensive 7000 Oaks tree planting project. The original project transformed the sidewalks and landscape of Kassel, Germany, with the planting of 7,000 oak trees between 1982 and 1987. As part of the Tree Partnership, over 200 trees were planted among Patterson Park, Carroll Park, and Wyman Park in Baltimore.

The Sculpture Park is managed by the Center for Art, Design and Visual Culture at UMBC.

University of Maryland, Baltimore County
The University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC) is a public research university in Catonsville, Maryland, United States. It had a fall 2025 enrollment of 13,530 students. In 2019, it had 61 undergraduate majors, over 92 graduate programs (38 master, 25 doctoral, and 29 graduate certificate programs) and the first university research park in Maryland. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High Research Activity".

Established as a part of the University System of Maryland in 1966, the university became the first public college or university in Maryland to be inclusive of all races. UMBC has the fourth highest enrollment of the University System of Maryland, specializing in natural sciences and engineering, as well as programs in the liberal arts and social sciences.  Its athletic teams are known as the UMBC Retrievers and participate in the America East Conference.
Scythe sword
The scythe sword (Sensenschwert) was a type of single-edged sword of the German Renaissance, related to the Dussack. It consisted of the blade of a scythe to which a sword hilt was attached. Like the falx or falcata of antiquity, it was thus a curved sword with the cutting edge on the inside (as opposed to the scimitar or sabre type with the edge on the outside).

The only known surviving example of a true scythe sword (its blade being made from an actual scythe), is that of  Thomas Müntzer (1489–1525), kept in the Historical Museum, Dresden. This sword has a representation of a runic calendar incised on the blade. Demmin (1893) notes the existence of other sword blades of the early 16th century bearing runic calendars in Berlin, Vienna, Paris, Munich, Graz and Luxembourg.

Scimitar
A scimitar (/ˈsɪmɪtər/ or /ˈsɪmɪtɑːr/) is a single-edged sword with a convex curved blade of about 75 to 90 cm (30 to 36 inches) associated with Middle Eastern, South Asian, and North African cultures. A European term, scimitar does not refer to one specific sword type, but an assortment of different Eastern curved swords inspired by types introduced to the Middle East by Central Asian ghilmans (enslaved soldiers). These swords include the Persian shamshir, the Arab saif, the Indian talwar, the North African nimcha, the Turkish kilij, and the Afghan pulwar. All such swords are originally derived from earlier curved swords developed in Turkic Central Asia (Turkestan).
Geffery Morgan
Geffery Morgan is the fifth album by UB40. Released in 1984, it takes its title from a band roadie who had a friend named "Geffery Morgan who ... loved white girls"  Following the success of their covers album, Labour of Love, all tracks on this album are self-penned. The album contained the hit "If It Happens Again", which reached No. 9 in the UK Singles Chart.

Labour of Love
Labour of Love is the fourth studio album by British reggae band UB40, and their first album of cover versions. Released in the UK on 12 September 1983, the album is best known for containing the song "Red Red Wine", a worldwide number-one single, but it also includes three further UK top 20 hits, "Please Don't Make Me Cry", "Many Rivers to Cross" and "Cherry Oh Baby". The album reached number one in the UK, New Zealand and the Netherlands and the top five in Canada, but only reached number 39 in the US on its original release, before re-entering the Billboard 200 in 1988 and peaking at number 14 as a result of "Red Red Wine"'s delayed success in the US.

Following the record's success, UB40 have since released three further albums of cover versions under the Labour of Love title.
Śrem Transmitter
Śrem Transmitter (RTCN Śrem) Is a 290-metre-tall (950 ft) guyed steel mast, built in 1964 for the broadcasting of signal radio and television signals. It was built as a weighed 220-tonne mast by Mostostal Zabrze. The official opening was on 21 July 1964. The mast is situated in the village "Góra", in Śrem County, Poland. Due to its advantageous location, height and signal strength, its signal covers a considerably large part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship.

Śrem County
Śrem County (Polish: powiat śremski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Śrem, which lies 36 kilometres (22 mi) south of the regional capital Poznań. The county also contains the towns of Książ Wielkopolski, lying 15 km (9 mi) east of Śrem, and Dolsk, 12 km (7 mi) south of Śrem.

The county covers an area of 574.41 square kilometres (221.8 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 58,646, out of which the population of Śrem is 30,227, that of Książ Wielkopolski is 2,724, that of Dolsk is 1,479, and the rural population is 24,216.
Johnstonebridge
Johnstonebridge is a village in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland.

It is roughly halfway between Moffat and Lockerbie, and lies on the A74(M) motorway. The Annandale Water Services on the motorway are in Johnstonebridge; prior to the construction of the motorway there were services on the old A74 road there, one to serve each direction of the road. As with most of Annandale, the area is largely devoted to farming.

It was named after the prominent local landowning family, the Johnstones, who caused a bridge to be built there over the River Annan.

The village of Newton Wamphray lies nearby.

Newton Wamphray
Newton Wamphray is a village in Dumfries and Galloway. Wamphray is the name of the surrounding parish and of the Wamphray Water, which flows south-west through the Wamphray Glen to join the River Annan near the small village, or hamlet, of Newton.