hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vladimir Putin Peak
Vladimir Putin Peak (Kyrgyz: Владимир Путин атындагы чоку, romanized: Vladimir Putin atındagı çoku, Russian: Пик Владимира Путина, romanized: Pik Vladimira Putina, formerly Elmer Fudd Peak, Russian: Пик Элмера Фадда, romanized: Pik Elmera Fadda) is a mountain of the Kyrgyz Ala-Too Range mountain range in the Tian Shan system. It is located in the Chuy Region of Kyrgyzstan. It was named on 17 February 2011 after Russian president Vladimir Putin; it was previously unnamed.

Chüy Region
Chüy is the northernmost region of Kyrgyzstan, surrounding the national capital Bishkek. It is bounded on the north by Kazakhstan, and clockwise, Issyk-Kul Region, Naryn Region, Jalal-Abad Region, and Talas Region. Its administrative center is Bishkek. Its total area is 19,895 km2 (7,682 sq mi). The resident population of the region was 974,984 as of January 2021. The region has sizeable Russian (20.8% in 2009) and Dungan (6.2% in 2009) minorities. It takes its name from the river Chüy that flows through the region.
The Clandestine Marriage (film)
The Clandestine Marriage is a 1999 British comedy film directed by Christopher Miles and starring Nigel Hawthorne, Joan Collins, Timothy Spall and Tom Hollander. It is based on the 1766 play The Clandestine Marriage by David Garrick and George Colman. This was also the final role for Nigel Hawthorne before his death.

The Clandestine Marriage
The Clandestine Marriage is a comedy by George Colman the Elder and David Garrick, first performed in 1766 at Drury Lane.  It is both a comedy of manners and a comedy of errors. The idea came from a series of pictures by William Hogarth entitled Marriage à-la-mode.
Corfield & Fitzmaurice Store
Corfield & Fitzmaurice Store is a heritage-listed former general store and now visitor centre at 63 Elderslie Street, Winton, Shire of Winton, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1916. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Shire of Winton
The Shire of Winton is a local government area in Central West Queensland, Australia.  It covers an area of 53,814 square kilometres (20,777.7 sq mi), and has existed as a local government entity since 1887. Its administrative centre is located in the town of Winton. It is named after Winton, Dorset, England, the birthplace of Robert Allen, the first white settler in the Winton (Queensland) area.

The major industry in the shire is beef production and some opal mining.  There has been some development of the known oil and gas reserves in the region.

In the 2021 census, the Shire of Winton had a population of 1,129 people.
Fajã do Mero
The Fajã do Mero (or alternately Fajã da Ponta Grossa) is a debris field, known as a fajã, built from the collapsing cliffs on the northern coast of the civil parish of Norte Pequeno, in the municipality of Calheta, island of São Jorge, in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores.

São Jorge Island
São Jorge (Portuguese pronunciation: [sɐ̃w ˈʒɔɾʒɨ]; Portuguese for 'Saint George') is an island in the central group of the Azores archipelago and part of the autonomous region of Portugal.  Separated from its nearest neighbours (Pico and Faial islands) by  the 15-kilometre (9.3 mi) Pico-São Jorge Channel, the central group is often referred colloquially as part of the Triângulo ("Triangle") group or just "The Triangle". São Jorge is a relatively long thin island with tall cliffs, whose 8,381 inhabitants are concentrated on various geological debris fields (fajãs) along the north and south coasts; from east to west, the island is 53 kilometres (33 mi) long and, north to south, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) wide: its area is 237.59 square kilometres (91.73 mi2).
O2 Money
O2 Money was a range of financial services provided by O2 in the United Kingdom.

Launched on 15 July 2011, O2 Money debuted as line of Visa cash cards issued by O2 and provided by NatWest. The cards enabled O2 customers to use digital currency as an alternative to cash or cheques.

O2 announced in a press release on 23 February 2011 the "second phase" for O2 Money. The phase involves the company's move away from physical currency through the discontinuation of the Cash Manager and Load & Go cash cards and the release of a "mobile wallet" application for Android and iOS devices. The application will use NFC technology embedded in a phone to access money banked with Barclays via O2.

Near-field communication
Near-field communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols that enables communication between two electronic devices over a distance of 4 cm (1+1⁄2 in) or less. NFC offers a low-speed connection through a simple setup that can be used for the bootstrapping of capable wireless connections. Like other proximity card technologies, NFC is based on inductive coupling between two electromagnetic coils present on an NFC-enabled device such as a smartphone. NFC communicating in one or both directions uses a frequency of 13.56 MHz in the globally available unlicensed radio-frequency ISM band, compliant with the ISO/IEC 18000-3 air-interface standard at data rates ranging from 106 to 848 kbit/s.

The NFC Forum has helped define and promote the technology, setting standards for certifying device compliance. Secure communications are available by applying encryption algorithms, as is done for credit cards, and if they fit the criteria for being considered a personal area network.
Baxter Immigration Reception and Processing Centre
Baxter Immigration Reception and Processing Centre or commonly just Baxter Detention Centre, was an Australian immigration detention facility near the town of Port Augusta in South Australia. It was the focus of much of the controversy concerning the mandatory detention of asylum seekers in Australia.

Port Augusta
Port Augusta (Goordnada in the revived indigenous Barngarla language) is a coastal city in South Australia about 310 kilometres (190 mi) by road from the state capital, Adelaide. Most of the city is on the eastern shores of Spencer Gulf, immediately south of the gulf's head, comprising the city's centre and surrounding suburbs, Stirling North, and seaside homes at Commissariat Point, Blanche Harbor and Miranda. The suburb of Port Augusta West is on the western side of the gulf on the Eyre Peninsula. Together, these localities had a population of 13,515 in the 2021 census.

Formerly a seaport, the city supports regional agriculture and services many mines in the South Australian interior to its north. A significant industry was electricity generation until 2019, when its coal-burning power stations were shut down. A solar farm opened in 2020.
The Garden: Visions of Paradise
The Garden: Visions of Paradise (US title: Paradise on Earth: The Gardens of Western Europe; French: Tous les jardins du monde, lit. 'All the Gardens of the World') is a 1994 illustrated monograph on gardens and cultural history of gardening. Written by the Franco-Dutch garden designer and landscape architect Gabrielle van Zuylen, and published in pocket format by Éditions Gallimard as the 207th volume in their 'Découvertes' collection (known as 'New Horizons' in the United Kingdom, and 'Abrams Discoveries' in the United States).

French formal garden
The French formal garden, also called the jardin à la française (French for 'garden in the French manner'), is a style of "landscape" garden based on symmetry and the principle of imposing order on nature. Its epitome is generally considered to be the Gardens of Versailles designed during the 17th century by the landscape architect André Le Nôtre for Louis XIV and widely copied by other European courts.

Classicism was also expressed in horticulture. Jean-Baptiste de La Quintinie introduced an art of fruit pruning and bedding techniques that were to have a lasting impact on production gardens. But the term ‘classical garden’ was only used for pleasure gardens.
Induced cell cycle arrest
Induced cell cycle arrest is the use of a chemical or genetic manipulation to artificially halt progression through the cell cycle. Cellular processes like genome duplication and cell division stop. It can be temporary or permanent. It is an artificial activation of naturally occurring cell cycle checkpoints, induced by exogenous stimuli controlled by an experimenter.

Cell cycle checkpoint
Cell cycle checkpoints are control mechanisms in the eukaryotic cell cycle which ensure its proper progression. Each checkpoint serves as a potential termination point along the cell cycle, during which the conditions of the cell are assessed, with progression through the various phases of the cell cycle occurring only when favorable conditions are met. There are many checkpoints in the cell cycle, but the three major ones are: the G1 checkpoint, also known as the Start or restriction checkpoint or Major Checkpoint; the G2/M checkpoint; and the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, also known as the spindle checkpoint. Progression through these checkpoints is largely determined by the activation of cyclin-dependent kinases by regulatory protein subunits called cyclins, different forms of which are produced at each stage of the cell cycle to control the specific events that occur therein.
Salarabad, Razavi Khorasan
Salarabad (Persian: سالاراباد, also Romanized as Sālārābād) is a village in Meyami Rural District, Razaviyeh District, Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,324, in 495 families.

Meyami Rural District (Mashhad County)
Meyami Rural District (Persian: دهستان ميامي) is in Razaviyeh District of Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Razaviyeh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kenevist.
Common graph
In graph theory, an area of mathematics, common graphs belong to a branch of extremal graph theory concerning inequalities in homomorphism densities. Roughly speaking,  is a common graph if it "commonly" appears as a subgraph, in a sense that the total number of copies of  in any graph  and its complement  is a large fraction of all possible copies of  on the same vertices. Intuitively, if  contains few copies of , then its complement  must contain lots of copies of  in order to compensate for it.

Common graphs are closely related to other graph notions dealing with homomorphism density inequalities. For example, common graphs are a more general case of Sidorenko graphs.

Graphon
In graph theory and statistics, a graphon (also known as a graph limit) is a symmetric measurable function , that is important in the study of dense graphs. Graphons arise both as a natural notion for the limit of a sequence of dense graphs, and as the fundamental defining objects of exchangeable random graph models. Graphons are tied to dense graphs by the following pair of observations: the random graph models defined by graphons give rise to dense graphs almost surely, and, by the regularity lemma, graphons capture the structure of arbitrary large dense graphs.
Honda SL90
The Honda Motosport 90 or Honda SL90 was a street/trail Honda motorcycle with a high fender. Its engine was a single cylinder 89 cc, single overhead cam configuration. It had a 4-speed transmission and a manual clutch. It was produced only during the 1969 model year and was available in two colors: Candy Ruby Red and Candy Blue. It came with a silver fuel tank stripe and a chrome exhaust system. Its frame was silver with the front wheel measuring 19" and 17" for the rear wheel. The steel fenders matched the basic colors (red or blue).

Dual-sport motorcycle
A dual-sport motorcycle  is a type of motorcycle that is designed for varying degrees of off-road use while still being street-legal.  Dual-sports are equipped with lights, a speedometer, mirrors, a horn, registration plates, turn signals, and a muffler with spark arrestor and decibel noise output to comply with government regulations. They vary considerably in engine size and weight, though they are typically 510cc or smaller. They are often versions of off-road bikes that have been made legal for street driving.

Other names such as all-road, on/off-road, dual-purpose, and adventure bike may be chosen by the manufacturer based upon the size, weight, and intended application of the motorcycle. Typically the dual sport category weighs less than 400 pounds/180 kilos to make them more comfortable and capable off-road, while adventure bikes are more than 400 pounds/180 kilos to make them more comfortable and capable on the pavement.
Pingüino de Humboldt National Reserve
Pingüino de Humboldt National Reserve is a nature reserve located a short distance off the coast of mainland Chile. It consists of three islands: Chañaral, Damas, and Choros. It is located about 100 km (62 mi) north of La Serena in the Coquimbo Region of Chile and has a total area of 859.3 hectares (2,123 acres). Coastal communities of Caleta Chañaral, Chañaral de Aceituno, and Punta de Choros are nearby. The reserve is an important breeding site for the Humboldt penguin, for which it is named, and is a habitat for sea lions and bottlenose dolphins, chungungos (marine otters), sea turtle, whale, albatross and cormorant. Aside from dolphins, local cetacean diversity includes migratory rorquals such as blue, fin, and humpback whales, and sperm whales.

National Forest Corporation
The National Forest Corporation or CONAF (Corporación Nacional Forestal) is a Chilean State-owned private non-profit organization, through which the Chilean state contributes to the development and sustainable management of the country's forest resources. CONAF is overseen and funded by the Ministry of Agriculture of Chile.

It administers the forest policies of Chile and promotes the development of the sector with sustainable forest management.

CONAF is also the governing body of all the national parks of Chile, including those without forests or major vegetation, such as Llullaillaco National Park and others in the Atacama Desert.
The British Museum Library: A Short History and Survey
The British Museum Library: A Short History and Survey is a book by Arundell Esdaile published by George Allen & Unwin, London, in 1946. It was reprinted in 1979 by Greenwood Press, Westport, Conn. from the 1948 ed. published by G. Allen & Unwin, London, which was issued as no. 9 of the Library Association series of library manuals. Esdaile's book serves as a historical survey of the British Museum Library when the museum and library departments were housed in the same building.  The book traces the entire history of the institution, from 1753 to 1945.

Allen & Unwin
George Allen & Unwin is a British publishing company formed in 1911 when Sir Stanley Unwin purchased a controlling interest in George Allen & Co.  It became one of the leading publishers of the twentieth century and established an Australian subsidiary in 1976.  In 1990 Allen & Unwin was sold to HarperCollins, and the Australian branch was the subject of a management buy-out.
KQLO
KQLO (1590 AM) was a radio station broadcasting a Spanish-language news/talk format. Formerly licensed to Sun Valley, Nevada, United States, it served the Reno area. The station, which broadcast from 1984 to 2011, was last owned by Jireh Media, Inc.

KPLY
KPLY (630 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Reno, Nevada, United States. It is owned by Lotus Communications and features a sports format. Its studios are on Plumb Lane in South Reno.

The transmitter is off Hoge Road in Northeast Reno.
Skottorp Castle
Skottorp Castle (Swedish: Skottorps slott)  is a castle in Skummeslöv parish, Laholm municipality in Halland, southern Sweden. The main building consists of two floors and is surrounded on both sides by independent wing buildings. In front of the castle there is an English park. Skottorp is not far from Hallandsåsen. It is a building monument since November 28, 1986.

Laholm Municipality
Laholm Municipality (Swedish: Laholms kommun) is a municipality in Halland County in southwest Sweden. The seat is located in Laholm.

The amalgamation process during the local government reform in the 1970s took place in two steps. In 1971 the City of Laholm merged with two rural municipalities forming the unitary municipality and three years later four more units were added.
Roller furling
Roller furling is a method of furling (i.e. reefing) a yacht's staysail by rolling the sail around a stay.  Roller furling is typically used for foresails such as jibs or genoas.

A mainsail may also be furled by a similar system, whereby the sail is furled within the mast or around a rotating boom (or around a rotating shaft within a boom). Although staysail roller-furling is effective and very common, in-mast or in-boom mainsail furling involves some compromises, and mainsail slab reefing gives a better sail shape.

Spar (sailing)
A spar is a pole of wood, metal or lightweight materials such as carbon fibre used in the rigging of a sailing vessel to carry or support its sail. These include yards, booms, and masts, which serve both to deploy sail and resist compressive and bending forces, as well as the bowsprit and spinnaker pole.

In larger vessels during the age of sail, spare spars could be roped together to provide a temporary surface known as a "spar deck". These served as jury-rigged repairs for permanent decks, or as an additional platform under which to shelter goods or crew. The term was also informally applied to areas of the forecastle or quarterdeck where spare spars were stored by laying them flat against the existing decking. In the modern era the term has been used to describe the uppermost deck on flush decked vessels.
Globalization and World Cities Research Network
The Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) is a British think tank that studies the relationships between world cities in the context of globalization. It is based in the geography department of Loughborough University in Leicestershire, United Kingdom. GaWC was founded by Peter J. Taylor in 1998. Together with Jon Beaverstock and Richard G. Smith, they create the GaWC's biennial categorization of world cities into "Alpha", "Beta" and "Gamma" tiers.  The three tiers are further divided into subgroupings using plus and minus signs. The categorization is based upon the author's views of "international connectedness", primarily shown through a region's advanced services firms, such as in accountancy, finance and law.

Loughborough University
Loughborough University (abbreviated as Lough or Lboro for post-nominals) is a public research university in the market town of Loughborough, Leicestershire, England. It has been a university since 1966, but it dates back to 1909, when Loughborough Technical Institute was founded. In March 2013, the university announced it had bought the former broadcast centre at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park as a second campus. The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £386.2 million, of which £57.0 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £379.5 million. In 2024, Loughborough ranked ninth nationally for undergraduate education.
Kunama, New South Wales
Kunama is a rural locality in the South West Slopes of New South Wales, situated 9 km (5.6 mi) west of Batlow at an elevation of 900 to 1,000 m (3,000 to 3,300 ft). The region is largely one of apple produce, beef cattle farming, and sustainable forestry consisting mainly of radiata pine plantations.

Batlow, New South Wales
Batlow  is a town in the South West Slopes region of New South Wales, Australia, on the edge of the Great Dividing Range, 775 m above sea level.

Batlow is well known for its apples. About 50 growers in the district supply 1.6 million cases of apples, or 10% of the Australian apple crop, to the Australian market.  The district also produces cherries and stone fruit. The town's main landmark, the "Big Apple", which stands on private land 5 km north of the town, stands testament to the orchards which have been vital to the town's economy for over 120 years.
Herculaneum loaf
The Herculaneum loaf is a stamped sourdough loaf of bread that was baked in the town of Herculaneum shortly before the Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. It has been partially preserved due to being carbonised in the eruption. It was discovered on the archaeological site in 1930.

The loaf was found in a house owned by Quintus Granius Verus and bears a stamp stating that it was made by one of his slaves. It is currently in the National Archaeological Museum, Naples.

Sourdough
Sourdough is a type of bread that uses fermentation by naturally occurring yeast and lactobacillus bacteria to raise (leaven) the dough. In addition to leavening the bread, the fermentation process produces lactic acid, which gives the bread its distinctive sour taste and improves its keeping qualities.
Deviyan
Deviyan is a 16th/17th century text written by Mahatma Isardas. It is a Shaktism centred text and is recited daily in parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat. Isardas praises the great goddess Devi or Shakti as the supreme deity. He describes Mahadevi's various manifestations such as Durga, Kali, Parvati, Chamunda, Ashapura, Lakshmi, Saraswati and Hinglaj. The poet compares this text to the sacred Devi Mahatmya and claims to be blessed by Rukmini. It is written in Chhand Adal and Bhujangi.

Shakti
Shakti (Devanagari: शक्ति, IAST: Śakti; lit. 'energy, ability, strength, effort, power, might, capability') in Hinduism, is the "Universal Power" that underlies and sustains all existence. Conceived as feminine in essence, Shakti as devi refers to the personified energy or power of a male deity, often personified as the complementary force of the given Hindu god.

In Tantric Shaktism, Shakti is the foremost deity, akin to Brahman. In Puranic Hinduism, Shiva and Shakti are the masculine and feminine principles that are complementary to each other. The female deity is prakriti, the active, dynamic and creative principle. The male deity is purusha, the passive, unchanging and observing principle. The interaction of both principles is what creates the universe.

The term Shakta is used for the description of people associated with Shakti worship. The Shakta pithas are shrines, which are believed to be the sacred seats of Shakti.
Clipped (video)
Clipped is a video featuring five tracks by the Australian hard rock band AC/DC. First released in 1991, it contained three tracks from The Razors Edge and two from Blow Up Your Video.

In 2002 a DVD version was released which also included videos for the songs "Big Gun" (from the Last Action Hero soundtrack) and "Hard as a Rock" (from Ballbreaker).

The photograph on the cover was first used in 1990 for the single "Are You Ready".

Malcolm Young
Malcolm Mitchell Young (6 January 1953 – 18 November 2017) was an Australian musician who was a founding member of the hard rock band AC/DC. Young was a rhythm guitarist, songwriter, and backing vocalist in the band. Except for a brief absence in 1988, Young was a member of AC/DC from its formation in 1973 until his retirement in 2014. As a member of AC/DC, Young was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2003. In 2023, Rolling Stone named Young and his younger brother and fellow AC/DC member Angus Young the 38th-best guitarists of all time.
Cedars station
Cedars station is a DART rail station in Dallas, Texas. It is located at Belleview and Wall Streets in the Cedars neighborhood of South Dallas. It opened on June 14, 1996, and is on the Red and Blue lines, serving Old City Park with connecting service to Fair Park, as well as the Dallas Police Department headquarters.

Blue Line (DART)
The Blue Line is a light rail line in the system of mass transit in Dallas, Texas (USA), operated by the Dallas Area Rapid Transit system.  Along with the Red Line, it is one of the original modern rail lines in Dallas.