hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AfroBasket 2021 qualification
The AfroBasket 2021 qualification was a basketball competition that was played from January 2020 to July 2021, to determine the fifteen FIBA Africa nations who would join the automatically qualified host Rwanda at the AfroBasket 2021 final tournament.

2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification (Africa)
The 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification for the FIBA Africa region, began in November 2017 and concluded in February 2019. The process determined the five African teams that would participate at the 2019 FIBA World Cup.
Grace Lister
Grace Lister (born 27 May 2004) is an English international cyclist. She currently rides for Hess Cycling Team. She represented England at the 2022 Commonwealth Games. She was a bronze medalist in the women's team pursuit at the 2025 UEC European Track Championships and a gold medalist in the Madison at the 2022 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships representing Great Britain.

2022 British National Track Championships
The 2022 British National Track Championships were a series of track cycling competitions. The National Track Championships (excluding certain events) were due to be held from 28 to 30 January 2022 at the Geraint Thomas National Velodrome in Newport, Wales. However, following further issues regarding the COVID-19 pandemic the event was rescheduled for 3 March to 6 March.

They are organised and sanctioned by British Cycling, and are open to British cyclists. The championships are sponsored by HSBC.

The Derny, Omnium, Madison, Tandem and inaugural Elimination events took place at various other dates throughout the year.
2023–24 Macedonian First Football League
The 2023–24 Macedonian First League was the 32nd season of the Macedonian First Football League, the highest football league of North Macedonia. It began on 6 August 2023 and ended on 18 May 2024. Struga were the defending champions, having won their first title in 2022–23.

The winners (Struga, their second consecutive title win) qualified for the Champions League first qualifying round. The second-placed team (Shkendija) and 2023–24 Macedonian Football Cup winners (Tikvesh) qualified for the Conference League first qualifying round. The tenth-placed team (Vardar) qualified for the Macedonian First Football League play-off. The bottom two teams (Bregalnica and Makedonija G.P.) were relegated to the 2024–25 Macedonian Second Football League.

2022–23 Macedonian First Football League
The 2022–23 Macedonian First League was the 31st season of the Macedonian First Football League, the highest football league of North Macedonia. It began on 6 August 2022 and ended on 14 May 2023. Shkupi were the defending champions, having won their first title in 2021–22.
Robertmurraya
Robertmurraya is a genus of mostly Gram-Positive rod-shaped bacteria in the family Bacillaceae from the order Bacillales. The type species of this genus is Robertmurraya siralis.

Members of Robertmurraya are previously species belonging to Bacillus, a genus that has been recognized as displaying extensive polyphyly and phylogenetic heterogeneity within its members. Multiple studies have been published in an attempt to clarify the evolutionary relationships between Bacillus species, resulting in the establishment of numerous novel genera such as Alkalihalobacillus, Brevibacillus, Solibacillus, Alicyclobacillus, Virgibacillus and Evansella. In addition, the genus Bacillus has been emended to only include species closely related to Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus.

The name Robertmurraya was named after the Canadian microbiologist Dr Robert G. E. Murray, University of Western Ontario, for his contributions and leadership in the field of bacterial taxonomy.

Bacillales
Bacillales, from Latin "bacillus", meaning "little staff, wand", are an order of Gram-positive bacteria, placed within the Bacillota.  The Bacillales are the most productive order of the phylum "Firmicutes". Representative genera include Bacillus, Listeria and Staphylococcus.
Battle of the Nive
The Battles of the Nive (9–13 December 1813) were fought towards the end of the Peninsular War. Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Wellington's Anglo-Portuguese and Spanish army defeated Marshal Nicolas Soult's French army on French soil in a series of battles near the city of Bayonne.

Unusually, for most of the battle, Wellington remained with the Reserve delegating command to his senior Lieutenant-Generals Rowland Hill and John Hope.

Light Division
The Light Division is a light infantry division of the British Army. It was reformed in 2022, as part of Future Soldier reforms.

Its origins lay in "Light Companies" formed during the late 18th century, to move at speed over inhospitable terrain and protect a main force with skirmishing tactics. These units took advantage of then-new technology in the form of rifles, which allowed them to emphasise marksmanship, and were tasked primarily with disrupting and harassing enemy forces in skirmishes before the main forces clashed.

Formed in 1803, during the Napoleonic Wars, the Light Division was raised thereafter: during the Crimean War, the First World War, from 1968 to 2007, and from 2022 to the present day. Some light infantry units remained and remain outside of the Light Division.
Litvins of Severia
The Litvins of Severia (Belarusian: Літвіны Севершчыны, Litviny Sievierščyny), also known as Severian Litvins, are an ethnographic group of Belarusians inhabiting the historical region of Severia. Their historical range primarily encompasses the former Starodub Powet of the Smolensk Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Today, this territory lies mostly within the Bryansk Oblast of Russia, the Chernihiv Oblast of Ukraine, and eastern Belarus.

Novozybkov
Novozybkov (Russian: Новозы́бков; Belarusian: Навазыбкаў) is a historical town in Bryansk Oblast, Russia with a population, in 2021, of 38,680.

The city is home to a branch of the Bryansk State University.
HLA-B*82
HLA-B*82 (B*82) is an HLA-B allele-group. There is no current useful serotyping for HLA-B*82 gene products.
B*8201 was first identified by sequence analysis and appears to be derived by gene conversion between B*5602 and another HLA class I allele., later B*8202 was identified in a caucasian and was suggested to be ancestral to B*8201, as product between gene conversion of B*5602 allele and B*4501 allele. B*82 is more common in East Africa, Kenya and Sudan, the frequency of B*8201 is found in the peoples to the west, sporadically in Central and West Africa, and B*8202 is found in Sudan and Saudi Arabia.

HLA-B45
HLA-B45 (B45) is an HLA-B serotype. The serotype identifies the B*45 gene-allele protein products of HLA-B.

B45 is a split antigen of the broad antigen B12, and is a sister type of B44.
Gene products of 45 not 44
Pure Food Building
The Pure Food Building was a facility opened in 1922 on Exhibition Place at the Canadian National Exhibition (CNE) in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was demolished after the 1953 CNE to make way for the modernist Food Building, which still stands.

Canadian National Exhibition
The Canadian National Exhibition (CNE), also known as The Exhibition or The Ex, is an annual fair that takes place at Exhibition Place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on the third Friday of August leading up to and including Labour Day, the first Monday in September. With approximately 1.6 million visitors each year, the CNE is Canada's largest annual community event and one of the top fairs in North America.

The exhibition, then known as the Toronto Industrial Exhibition, first took place in 1879, largely to promote agriculture and technology in Toronto and area. Agriculturists, engineers, and scientists exhibited their discoveries and inventions at the CNE. The event has since expanded to include a carnival, live music, parades, an air show, various entertainments, sporting events, as well as art displays and specialty vendors and foods. Special events include the Warriors' Day Parade, the Labour Day Parade and the Canadian International Air Show.
Mousa Dembélé (Belgian footballer)
Moussa Sidi Yaya Dembélé (born 16 July 1987), known as Mousa Dembélé, is a Belgian former professional footballer who played as a central midfielder.

Dembélé started his career at Belgian Pro League team Germinal Beerschot before spells at Eredivisie sides Willem II and AZ in the Netherlands. He won the league title and the Johan Cruyff Shield with the latter in 2009. Dembélé transferred to Premier League side Fulham in 2010 before joining Tottenham Hotspur for a fee of £15 million in August 2012. He was ranked 91st in The Guardian's list of the 100 best current footballers in 2012.

Dembélé’s skills in midfield have led to him being described by former teammates and other professional footballers as having some of the best ball control and dribbling skills of his era.

Dembélé accumulated 82 caps for the Belgium national team from 2006 to 2018.

KNVB Cup
The KNVB Beker (pronounced [ˌkaːʔɛɱveːˈbeː ˈbeːkər]; English: KNVB Cup), branded as the Eurojackpot KNVB Beker for sponsorship reasons, is a competition in the Netherlands organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) since 1898. It was based on the format of the English FA Cup. Outside the Netherlands, it is often referred to as the Dutch Cup. The tournament consists of all teams from the top four tiers of Dutch league football (Eredivisie, Eerste Divisie, Tweede Divisie and Derde Divisie), as well as the 24 semi-finalists (or replacements) of the six KNVB District Cups. The finals of the tournament traditionally takes place in De Kuip, and has been held there every season since the 1989 final. The winners of the cup compete against the winners of the Eredivisie for the Johan Cruyff Shield, (equivalent to a super cup) which acts as the curtain raiser for the following season.
Sheer (ship)
The sheer is a measure of longitudinal main deck curvature in naval architecture. The sheer forward is usually twice that aft. Increases in the rise of the sheer forward and aft build volume into the hull, and in turn increase its buoyancy forward and aft, thereby keeping the ends from diving into an oncoming wave and slowing the ship. In the early days of sail, one discussed a hull's sheer in terms of how much "hang" it had. William Sutherland's The Ship-builders Assistant (1711) covers this information in more detail.

The practice of building sheer into a ship dates back to the era of small sailing ships. These vessels were built with the decks curving upwards at the bow and stern in order to increase stability by preventing the ship from pitching up and down.

Sheer on exposed decks also makes a ship more seaworthy by raising the deck at fore and aft ends further from the water and by reducing the volume of water coming on deck.

Naval architecture
Naval architecture, or naval engineering, is an engineering discipline incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software and safety engineering as applied to the engineering design process, shipbuilding, maintenance, and operation of marine vessels and structures. Naval architecture involves basic and applied research, design, development, design evaluation (classification) and calculations during all stages of the life of a marine vehicle. Preliminary design of the vessel, its detailed design, construction, trials, operation and maintenance, launching and dry-docking are the main activities involved. Ship design calculations are also required for ships being modified (by means of conversion, rebuilding, modernization, or repair). Naval architecture also involves formulation of safety regulations and damage-control rules and the approval and certification of ship designs to meet statutory and non-statutory requirements.
Gowrie railway station
Gowrie station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne on the Upfield line, part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the northern suburb of Fawkner in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Gowrie station is a ground level premium station, featuring an island platform with two faces. It opened on 17 May 1965.

Roxburgh Park railway station
Roxburgh Park station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne on the Craigieburn line, part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the northern suburb of Roxburgh Park in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Roxburgh Park station is a ground-level unstaffed station, featuring an island platform. It opened on 21 September 2007.

The station was provided as part of the extension of electrified services from Broadmeadows to Craigieburn. The North East-bound (down) line was slewed to the west, to permit an island platform to be built between the two tracks of the broad gauge main line. It was built just north of the site of the former Somerton station, which was closed to passengers in 1960. However, a standard gauge crossing loop to the east of the station retains the Somerton name, as did a former adjacent goods yard.
Harun Aliu
Harun Aliu (Macedonian: Харун Алиу; 20 May 1971 – 12 May 2010), known as Commander Kushtrimi, was an Albanian commander and co-founder of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) during the Kosovo War and the National Liberation Army (NLA) during the 2001 insurgency in Macedonia, who later became a politician in Macedonia (now North Macedonia). He was killed in a shootout near Raduša with the Macedonian police on 12 May 2010.

Skopska Crna Gora
Skopska Crna Gora or Karadak Mountains (Macedonian and Serbian: Скопска Црна Гора, pronounced [skôpskaː tsr̩̂ːnaː ɡǒra]; Albanian: Malësia e Karadakut), often called simply Crna Gora (Macedonian and Serbian: Црна Гора; Albanian: Mali i Zi), is a mountain range and ethnographic region in North Macedonia, Kosovo and Serbia. The highest peak is Ramno 1,651 m (5,417 ft) in Macedonia. The largest town on the mountain is Kučevište in North Macedonia.
2024 Para Sukma Games
The 2024 Para Sukma Games, officially known as the 21st Para Sukma Games were a national multi-sport event held in Sarawak for people with disabilities from 22 to 28 September, 4 weeks after the Sukma Games concluded. This was the third national para sports event to be held under the "Para Sukma" name, following its rebrand from "Paralimpiad Malaysia Games" in 2018.

Sukma Games
The Sukma Games (Malay: Sukan Malaysia, lit.: Malaysian Games) is a biennial national multi-sport event involving young athletes from Malaysia's 13 states and 3 Federal Territories. The games are regulated by the National Sports Council of Malaysia, the state sports council of the respective member states, the Olympic Council of Malaysia and the National Sports association of the games respective sporting event. The logo was designed by Anuar bin Dan in 1986. In late March 2010, it was reported that after 24 years of being a biennial event, the Sukma Games may be held annually, starting 2011. However, the frequency of the event did not change.
Medieval poetry
Poetry took numerous forms in medieval Europe, for example, lyric and epic poetry.  The troubadours, trouvères, and the minnesänger are known for composing their lyric poetry about courtly love usually accompanied by an instrument.

Among the most famous of secular poetry is Carmina Burana, a manuscript collection of 254 poems. Twenty-four poems of Carmina Burana were later set to music by German composer Carl Orff in 1936.

Chanson de geste
The chanson de geste (Old French for 'song of heroic deeds', from Latin: gesta 'deeds, actions accomplished') is a medieval narrative, a type of epic poem that appears at the dawn of French literature. The earliest known poems of this genre date from the late 11th and early 12th centuries, shortly before the emergence of the lyric poetry of the troubadours and trouvères, and the earliest verse romances. They reached their highest point of acceptance in the period 1150–1250.

Composed in verse, these narrative poems of moderate length (averaging 4000 lines) were originally sung, or (later) recited, by minstrels or jongleurs. More than one hundred chansons de geste have survived in approximately three hundred manuscripts that date from the 12th to the 15th  century.
2023 Pacific Four Series squads
The 2023 Pacific Four Series is the 3rd edition of the Pacific Four Series, an annual rugby union competition sanctioned by World Rugby and contested by the national teams of Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States. The Black Ferns are the defending Champions having won their first title in 2022.

Note: Number of caps are indicated as of the first match of the tournament (1 April 2023).

Pacific Four Series
The Pacific Four Series is an international rugby union competition that is sanctioned by World Rugby. It is contested between four women's national teams — Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States. It began in 2021 and was initially contested between Canada and the United States. They were later joined by Australia and New Zealand in 2022.
Virginia Air Line Railway
Virginia Air Line Railroad (VAL) was a short-line railroad that operated from 1908 to 1975 in Central Virginia. It was built by the Virginia Air Line Railway Company to connect the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway's (C&O) Piedmont Subdivision at Lindsay, Virginia, to the Rivanna Subdivision of C&O's James River Line at Strathmore Yard, near Bremo Bluff, Virginia.

The route was once an important link for providing coal to power the Washington, D.C. area. However, facing increased competition from other modes of transportation such as trucks and automobiles, service on the rail line was cut back and eventually abandoned after 67 years of declining use.

Chesapeake and Ohio Railway
The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (reporting marks C&O, CO) was a Class I railroad formed in 1869 in Virginia from several smaller Virginia railroads begun in the 19th century. Led by industrialist Collis Potter Huntington, it reached from Virginia's capital city of Richmond to the Ohio River by 1873, where the railroad town (and later city) of Huntington, West Virginia, was named for him.
2018 in paleomalacology
Paleontology portal

History of science portal

This list, 2018 in paleomalacology, is a list of new taxa of ammonites and other fossil cephalopods, as well as fossil gastropods, bivalves and other molluscs that were described during the year 2018, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to molluscan paleontology that occurred  in the year 2018.

Aragonite
Aragonite is a carbonate mineral and one of the three most common naturally occurring crystal forms of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), the others being calcite and vaterite. It is formed by biological and physical processes, including precipitation from marine and freshwater environments.

The crystal lattice of aragonite differs from that of calcite, resulting in a different crystal shape, an orthorhombic crystal system with acicular crystal. Repeated twinning results in pseudo-hexagonal forms. Aragonite may be columnar or fibrous, occasionally in branching helictitic forms called flos-ferri ("flowers of iron") from their association with the ores at the Carinthian iron mines.
Miss America 2004
Miss America 2004, the 77th Miss America pageant, was broadcast from the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey on Saturday, September 20, 2003 on ABC Network. Ericka Dunlap, Miss Florida, was crowned by outgoing Miss America 2003 Erika Harold.

Miss America
Miss America is an annual competition that is open to women from the United States between the ages of 18 and 28. Originating in 1921 as a "bathing beauty revue", the contest is judged on competition segments with scoring percentages: Private Interview (30%) – a 10-minute press conference-style interview with a panel of judges, On Stage Question (10%) – answering a judge's question onstage, Talent or HER Story (20%) – a performance talent or 90 second speech, Health and Fitness (20%) – demonstrated physical fitness onstage dressed in athletic wear, and Evening Gown (20%) – modeling evening-wear onstage.

The previous year's titleholder crowns the winner. Miss America 2026 is Cassie Donegan of New York, who was crowned on September 7, 2025, at the Dr Phillips Center for the Performing Arts in Orlando, Florida.
Annular ligament of stapes
The annular stapedial ligament (also called the stapediovestibular joint) is a ring of fibrous soft tissue that connects the base of the stapes to the oval window of the inner ear.

Calcification and hardening of the annular ligament of the stapes (otosclerosis) is a common cause of adult deafness.

Oval window
The oval window (or fenestra vestibuli or fenestra ovalis) is a connective tissue membrane-covered opening from the middle ear to the cochlea of the inner ear.

Vibrations that contact the tympanic membrane travel through the three ossicles and into the inner ear. The oval window is the intersection of the middle ear with the inner ear and is directly contacted by the stapes; by the time vibrations reach the oval window, they have been reduced in amplitude and increased in pressure due to the lever action of the ossicle bones. This is not an amplification function; rather, an impedance-matching function, allowing sound to be transferred from air (outer ear) to liquid (cochlea).

It is a reniform (kidney-shaped) opening leading from the tympanic cavity into the vestibule of the inner ear; its long diameter is horizontal and its convex border is upward. It is occupied by the base of the stapes, the circumference of which is fixed by the annular ligament to the margin of the foramen.
El Negreeto
El Negreeto is the fourth studio album by Senegalese-American singer-songwriter Akon, released on October 4, 2019, by his record label Akonik Label Group, under exclusive license to BMG Rights Management. It is his first studio album in 11 years since Freedom (2008). The album serves as his first Spanish-language album and features guest appearances from Farruko, Becky G, Anitta, and Pitbull, while the production was led by Akon himself, alongside a variety of producers such as Camilo Echeverry, Jimmy Joker, IAmChino, Mau y Ricky, Jon Leone and Maffio.

Upon release, El Negreeto entered the US Billboard Latin Album Sales chart, becoming Akon's first album to not reach the Billboard 200. The album is one of the three part series of albums by Akon; its follow-up, Akonda was released on October 25, and his sixth album, Konnect followed thereafter in December.

Freedom (Akon album)
Freedom is the third studio album by Senegalese-American singer-songwriter Akon. The album was originally named Acquitted; however, Akon changed it before it was released. It was released as a download on December 1, 2008, and in stores December 2, 2008. The album debuted at number 7 on the Billboard 200 with 110,600 copies sold in its first week.
Paramount Streaming
Paramount Streaming (formerly CBS Digital Media, CBS Interactive, and ViacomCBS Streaming) is a division of Paramount Skydance that oversees the company's video streaming technology and direct-to-consumer services; including Pluto TV and Paramount+. It was founded in 2005, and Tom Ryan is the company's president and CEO.

TV.com
TV.com was a website owned by Red Ventures that covered television series and episodes with a focus on English-language shows made or broadcast in Australia, Canada, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, the United States, and the United Kingdom. Originally launched by CNET in the mid-1990s, the website was transformed in 2005 when CNET acquired the website TV Tome and incorporated its assets into the new website's composition. CNET Networks, including the TV.com site, was later purchased by CBS in 2008. In its heyday, TV.com emphasized user-generated content listings for a wide variety of programs that included episode air dates, descriptions, news, season listings, notes, credits, trivia, and a forum section.

Although TV.com was successful as an information website in the late 2000s, it went without regular updates beginning in 2019. On June 28, 2021, the TV.com website was quietly shut down with no redirect put in its place.