hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Expansion of Gatwick Airport
London Gatwick Airport is the secondary international airport serving London, England, and the second-busiest airport in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic. Gatwick has undergone substantial expansion since its origins as an aerodrome; however, it remains one of the busiest airports in the world to operate with a single runway (though not the busiest), which continues to limit its growth. As a result, proposals for further expansion have been under consideration since the early 2000s.

Several options to expand Gatwick have been considered, including a third terminal and a second runway to the south of the existing runway. This could theoretically allow Gatwick to handle more passengers than Heathrow does today. If a second, wide-spaced (as opposed to close parallel) runway is approved, a new terminal could be sited between the two runways. This could either complement or replace the current South Terminal, depending on expected future traffic developments.

Secretary of State for Transport
The secretary of state for transport, also referred to as the transport secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with overall responsibility for the policies of the Department for Transport. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.

The office holder works alongside the other transport ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for transport, and the secretary of state is also scrutinised by the Transport Select Committee.

The position of secretary of state for transport is held by Heidi Alexander, who was appointed by Keir Starmer following the resignation of Louise Haigh.
Ernest Lewis (tennis)
Ernest Wool Lewis (5 April 1867 – 19 April 1930) was a British lawn tennis player who was active at the end of the 19th century. He twice won the Irish Championships in 1890 and 1891, and was a four time losing finalist in singles at the Wimbledon Championships  in 1886, 1888, 1892 and 1894. He won the men's doubles championship title in 1892 partnered with Harry S. Barlow.

Queen's Club
The Queen's Club is a private sporting club in Barons Court, West Kensington, London, England. The club hosts the annual Queen's Club Championships grass court lawn tennis tournament (currently known as the "HSBC Championships" for sponsorship reasons). It has 28 outdoor courts and ten indoor. With two courts, it is also the national headquarters of real tennis, hosting the British Open every year except in 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic. The Queen's Club also has rackets and squash courts; it became the headquarters for both sports after the closure of the Prince's Club in 1940.
2001–02 Scottish Second Division
The 2001–02 Scottish Second Division was won by Queen of the South who, along with second-placed Alloa Athletic, were promoted to the First Division. Greenock Morton were relegated to the Third Division. Stenhousemuir avoided relegation due to First Division Airdrieonians becoming insolvent, meaning that only one team was relegated from each of the First and Second divisions. This was also the last year that Clydebank would play in the Scottish Football League and were replaced by Airdrie United next season.

2002–03 Scottish Second Division
The 2002–03 Scottish Second Division was won by Raith Rovers who, along with second placed Brechin City, were promoted to the First Division. Stranraer and Cowdenbeath were relegated to the Third Division.
Quickies (album)
Quickies is the twelfth studio album by the Magnetic Fields. The album consists of 28 songs, each of which is between 0:17 and 2:35 in length. For the album's concept, Magnetic Fields singer and songwriter Stephin Merritt was influenced by the short fiction of Lydia Davis and the writing of his own book of Scrabble poetry.

Cigar box guitar
The cigar box guitar is a simple chordophone that uses an empty cigar box as a resonator. The earliest had one or two strings; modern models typically have three or more. Generally, the strings are connected to the end of a broomstick or a 1×2 inch wood slat and to the cigar box resonator.
Gmina Czarnożyły
Gmina Czarnożyły is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Czarnożyły, which lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north of Wieluń and 84 km (52 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 69.9 square kilometres (27.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,591.

Wieluń
Wieluń [ˈvjɛluɲ] (Latin: Velun) is a town in south-central Poland with 21,624 inhabitants (2021). The town is the seat of the Gmina Wieluń and Wieluń County, and is located within the Łódź Voivodeship. Wieluń is a capital of the historical Wieluń Land.

Wieluń has a long and rich history. In the past, it used to be an important urban trade centre of the Kingdom of Poland. Several Polish kings and notables visited the town, but following the catastrophic Swedish Deluge (1655–1660), Wieluń declined and never regained its status. In September 1939, during the invasion of Poland, it was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe. The Bombing of Wieluń is considered to be the first World War II bombing in Europe. It killed at least 127 civilians, injured hundreds more and destroyed the majority of the town.
Shepparton East Football Club
The Shepparton East Football Club, nicknamed the Eagles, is an Australian rules football club playing in the Kyabram District Football League. The club was formerly known as the Bombers.

The club is based in the central Victorian city of Shepparton.

Benalla Tungamah Football League
The Benalla Tungamah Football League (TBFL) was established in May, 1938, from the following North Eastern Victoria, Australian rules football clubs – Benalla, Devenish, Katamatite, St. James, Tungamah and Yabba – Dookie.
2014 International Rules Series
The 2014 International Rules Series (officially the 2014 Virgin Australia International Rules Test) was contested between Gaelic footballers from Ireland and Australian footballers from Australia. The 18th series of international rules football since the concept's inception in 1984, Ireland entered as defending champions, with Australia seeking their first series win since 2010. The match was played at Perth's Patersons Stadium on Saturday 22 November.

Unlike previous years, the series was reduced to a single one-off Test match, which Australia won 56–46 to record their first series win in four years and the Cormac McAnallen Cup. The win also levelled the overall series wins between the two sides at 9–9. Selection eligibility was again altered for the Australian team, with only players previously selected in an All-Australian team eligible to represent Australia.

2010 International Rules Series
The 2010 International Rules Series (officially the 2010 Irish Daily Mail International Rules Series) was the 15th International Rules Series, contested between Gaelic football players from Ireland and Australian rules football players from Australia. The Series was won by Australia, winning the first test by seven points and the second test by three, thereby winning with an aggregate score of 102 to 92. This was the first time Australia have won the Cormac McAnallen Cup since 2006. Dane Swan was awarded the Jim Stynes Medal, for being Australia best player over the Series, while Colm Begley won the equivalent award for Ireland. The second test in Croke Park on 30 October marked the end of the broadcasting career of commentator Micheál Ó Muircheartaigh who commentated on his last live match on RTÉ Radio.
NGC 1545
NGC 1545 is an open cluster  in the constellation Perseus. It was discovered by William Herschel on December 28, 1790. It is located in the north-eastern part of the constellation, a few arcminutes east of the 4.5 magnitude star b Persei, near the equally large and bright NGC 1528 (m = 6.4), which is less than 1.5° towards the northwest. However, it is less dense and rich. The brightest star of the cluster is a K5 III giant star, with 7.1 magnitude, but its membership is questionable. One more 7.9 magnitude star is visible at the north edge of the cluster.

B Persei
b Persei (also known as HD 26961) is a spectroscopic triple star in the constellation Perseus. Its apparent magnitude is 4.60, making it visible to the naked eye. It is about 320 light years away.

In addition to the primary, an A-type giant, there is a smaller and cooler companion in a 1.53 day orbit, probably an F-class star around absolute magnitude 3.0, and a more distant companion (star C or Ac) in an orbit calculated to be 702 days long. The close binary pair forms a rotating ellipsoidal variable with a 1.53 day period. Star C forms an Algol-type variable system with the close binary, showing both primary eclipses (when star C passes in front of the inner pair) and secondary eclipses (when the inner pair passes in front of star C).  Timings of the eclipses show a 704.5-day period.
Alberto Belsué
Alberto Belsué Arias (born 2 March 1968) is a Spanish retired professional footballer who played as a right-back.

He amassed La Liga totals of 319 matches and seven goals over 12 seasons, representing in the competition Zaragoza, Alavés and Numancia and winning two titles with the first club.

1994–95 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup
The 1994–95 season of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup was won by Zaragoza in the final against defending champions Arsenal, the Spanish club winning thanks to a last-minute goal from midfielder Nayim with a shot from 40 yards. Moldova joined the competition for the first time. It was the first season under a new name as the tournament used to be known as the European Cup Winners' Cup.
Canada–Russia relations
Canada and Russia have longstanding bilateral relations (previously between Canada and the Soviet Union). As vast northern countries, Canada and Russia share some interests and cooperative policies. However, the open and democratic political system of Canada contrasts with the closed Russian system, as was the case during the communist era of the Soviet Union (USSR).

Under the Presidency of Vladimir Putin, the Canadian government has routinely criticized the erosion of Russian democracy, persistent human rights abuses, and hostile foreign policy towards Canada and its NATO allies. In 2014, relations significantly deteriorated as a result of the Russian annexation of Crimea and Russian involvement in the War in Donbas. Relations between Russia and Canada reached a state of near-total collapse after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Some commentators argue that Russia-Canada relations since 2014 are more hostile and confrontational than at any point during the Cold War.

Special Economic Measures Act
The Special Economic Measures Act (French: Loi sur les mesures économiques spéciales) (S.C. 1992, c. 17) is a  statute of the Parliament of Canada, passed in 1992 under the second Mulroney ministry in the 34th Canadian Parliament. The Government of Canada department responsible for enforcing the Act is the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Chembra Peak
Chembra Peak (Chembra Mala) is a mountain in the state of Kerala, India, with an elevation of 2,100 m (6,890 ft) above sea level. The highest peak in the Wayanad hills and one of the highest peaks in the Western Ghats, adjoining the Nilgiri Hills and Vellarimala, it is located in the Wayanad district and Malappuram district in Kerala, near Kalpetta town and Nilambur taluk.

Visits to the peak are organized by the Chempra Peak VSS under the control of the South Wayanad Forest Development Agency; guides are provided for trekking. Chembra Peak is accessible by foot from Meppadi. The District Tourism Promotion Council provides guides and trekking equipment to tourists for fees. Banasura Sagar Dam and Banasura Hill are also nearby.

Nilgiri Mountains
The Nilgiri Mountains (Tamil: [n̪iːlɐɡiɾi], English: /ˈniːlgɪri/) form a part of the Western Ghats in northwestern Tamil Nadu, southern Karnataka and eastern Kerala in South India. They are located at the trijunction of the three states and connect the Western Ghats to the Eastern Ghats. The range consists of at least 24 peaks above 2,000 m (6,600 ft), with Doddabetta being the highest at 2,637 m (8,652 ft).
417 Combat Support Squadron
417 Combat Support Squadron (French: 417e Escadron de soutien au combat) is an Air Force unit with the Canadian Forces. Based at CFB Cold Lake it provides helicopter support to the base operations. Since 1994, it has also provided search and rescue.

Canadair CF-104 Starfighter
The Canadair CF-104 Starfighter (CF-111, CL-90) is a modified version of the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter supersonic fighter aircraft built in Canada by Canadair under licence. It was primarily used as a ground attack aircraft, despite being designed as an interceptor. It served with the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) and later the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) until it was replaced by the McDonnell Douglas CF-18 Hornet in 1987.
Barrow Hill Roundhouse
Barrow Hill Roundhouse, known as Staveley Engine Shed until 1948, is a former Midland Railway roundhouse in Barrow Hill, near Staveley and Chesterfield, in Derbyshire, England. It now serves as a railway heritage centre.

Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive is a steam locomotive which carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of a more traditional tender. Most tank engines also have bunkers (or fuel tanks) to hold fuel; in a tender-tank locomotive a tender holds some or all of the fuel, and may hold some water also.

There are several different types of tank locomotive, distinguished by the position and style of the water tanks and fuel bunkers. The most common type has tanks mounted either side of the boiler. This type originated about 1840 and quickly became popular for industrial tasks, and later for shunting and shorter-distance main line duties.

Tank locomotives have advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional locomotives that required a separate tender to carry needed water and fuel.
Tingena aletis
Tingena aletis is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been collected in the vicinity of Arthur's Pass in the South Island. Adults are on the wing in January.

Oecophoridae
Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.
Tetramethylammonium pentafluoroxenate
Tetramethylammonium pentafluoroxenate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula [N(CH3)4]+[XeF5]−. This salt consists of tetramethylammonium cations [N(CH3)4]+ and pentafluoroxenate(IV) anions [XeF5]−. The [XeF5]− ion was the first example of a pentagonal planar molecular geometry AX5E2 species. It was prepared by the reaction of [N(CH3)4]F with xenon tetrafluoride, [N(CH3)4]F being chosen because it can be prepared in anhydrous form and is readily soluble in organic solvents. The anion is planar, with the fluorine atoms in a slightly distorted pentagonal coordination (Xe–F bond lengths 197.9–203.4 pm, and F–X–F bond angles 71.5°–72.3°). Other salts have been prepared with sodium, caesium and rubidium, and vibrational spectra show that these contain the same planar ion. The isolated anion has the point group of D5h.

Tetramethylammonium
Tetramethylammonium (TMA) is the simplest quaternary ammonium cation. It has the chemical formula [Me4N]+ and consists of four methyl groups (−CH3, denoted Me) attached to a central nitrogen atom. The cation is isoelectronic with neopentane (Me4C). It is positively-charged and can only be isolated in association with a counter-ion. Common salts include tetramethylammonium chloride and tetramethylammonium hydroxide. Tetramethylammonium salts are used in chemical synthesis and in pharmacological research.  It confers no color to its salts.
Uru–Chipaya languages
The Uru–Chipaya family is an indigenous language family of Bolivia.

The speakers were originally fishermen on the shores of Lake Titicaca, Lake Poopó, and the Desaguadero River.

Chipaya has over a thousand speakers and sees vigorous use in the native community, but all other Uru languages or dialects are extinct.

Loukotka (1968) also lists the Chango language, once spoken on the coast of Chile from Huasco to Cobija in Antofagasta Province. According to Loukotka that population would have been Araucanized at some point in history. More modern classifications leave it unclassified, as only proper names and placenames are known (Mason 1950).

Uru people
The Uru or Uros (Uru: Qhas Qut suñi) are an indigenous people of Bolivia and Peru. They live on a still-growing group of about 120 self-fashioned floating islands in Lake Titicaca near Puno. They form three main groups: the Uru-Chipaya, Uru-Murato, and Uru-Iruito. The Uru-Iruito still inhabit the Bolivian side of Lake Titicaca and the Desaguadero River.

The indigenous Urus have darker skin than their neighbours Aymaras and Quechuas.
Reston Town Center station
Reston Town Center station (preliminary name Reston Parkway) is a rapid transit station on the Silver Line of the Washington Metro in Reston, an unincorporated area in Northern Virginia. It opened on November 15, 2022.

The station is located in the central section of Reston, within the median of SR 267 (Dulles Toll Road) west of its interchange with SR 602 (Reston Parkway). Reston Town Center is approximately 2,000 ft (610 m) to the north of the station. The station has a single island platform with two tracks. Two pedestrian bridges cross the highway, linking the station to bus bays and kiss and ride lots on either side.

Virginia State Route 602 (Fairfax County)
State Route 602 in Fairfax County, Virginia is a secondary state highway which traverses the northwestern portion of the county. SR 602 is the main road through Reston, and connects with SR 608 (West Ox Road), SR 267 (Dulles Toll Road and Dulles Access Road), SR 606 (Baron Cameron Avenue), and SR 7 (Leesburg Pike). All these connections provide ample commuting opportunities for the residents of Reston and the residents of neighboring areas.
Latrodectism
Latrodectism (/lætrəˈdɛktɪzəm/) is the illness caused by the bite of Latrodectus spiders (the black widow spider and related species). Pain, muscle rigidity, vomiting, and sweating are the symptoms of latrodectism.

There are several spider species all named black widow: southern black widow spider (L. mactans), the European black widow (L. tredecimguttatus), Western black widow spider (L. hesperus), Northern black widow spider (L. variolus). Other Latrodectus that cause latrodectism are the Australian redback spider (L. hasselti), the New Zealand katipō spider (L. katipo) and the South American Latrodectus corallinus and Latrodectus curacaviensis. Several other members of the genus Latrodectus are not commonly associated with latrodectism, including the cosmopolitan brown widow (L. geometricus).

Goose bumps
Goose bumps (in American English), goose pimples (in British English), or goosebumps are the bumps on a person's skin at the base of body hairs which may involuntarily develop when a person is tickled, cold or experiencing strong emotions such as fear, euphoria or sexual arousal.

The formation of goose bumps in humans under stress is considered by some to be a vestigial reflex, though visible piloerection is associated with changes in skin temperature in humans. The reflex of producing goose bumps is known as piloerection or the pilomotor reflex, or, more traditionally, horripilation. It occurs in many mammals; a prominent example is porcupines, which raise their quills when threatened, or sea otters when they encounter sharks or other predators.
Robertson (crater)
Robertson is an important lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon, just beyond the western limb. It lies just to the south of Berkner, a formation with a comparable size but more eroded features. Just to the east is Helberg, and to the southwest is Alter.

The inner wall of the crater rim has a wide, complex formation of multiple terraces. The rim is approximately circular, but with an irregular outline where various terraces have slumped away. The interior has a central peak at the midpoint, and this is joined to a rugged stretch of ground that connects with the northeastern rim. A band of light-hued ray material from Ohm covers the southern half of the crater floor and rim.

Prior to formal naming by the IAU in 1970, Robertson was called Crater 177.

Ohm (crater)
Ohm is a lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon. It lies to the south of the crater Comrie, and the satellite crater Comrie K is attached to Ohm's northeastern rim. To the northwest is the larger Shternberg, and to the southwest is Kamerlingh Onnes.

This crater is located at the origin of a ray system that extends for several hundred kilometers across the surrounding lunar terrain. The exterior surface for about 20–30 km is relatively free of the ray material, but beyond that perimeter is a skirt of higher albedo, with streaks extending to the northwest, east-northeast, and southwards.  The crater is part of the Copernican System.

The outer rim of Ohm is sharply defined, except at the southern end where the edge is somewhat irregular. The inner surface drops down to an interior blanket of slumped material that slopes down to the floor. The crater lacks a notable central peak.

Prior to formal naming by the IAU in 1970, Ohm was called Crater 253.
Jérémy Ferrari
Jérémy Ferrari (born 6 April 1985) is a French comedian and radio/television presenter. He is known for his black comedy. In his comedic sketches, he deals with racism, xenophobia, misogyny, and other forms of discrimination.

M6 (TV channel)
M6 (French: [ɛm sis]), also known as Métropole Télévision, is the most profitable private national French television channel and the third most watched television network in the French-speaking world. M6 is the head channel of the M6 Group media empire that owns several TV channels, magazines, publications, movie production companies, and media-related firms. It is owned by RTL Group.

On 20 May 2021, it was announced that M6 Group, owners of the channel, has proposed a merger with TF1 Group, which owns competing commercial network TF1. On 16 September 2022, it was announced that the merger was officially abandoned, citing concerns from French antitrust regulator, the Autorité de la concurrence, regarding competition in the advertising sector; the combined entity was likely to have been required to sell either primary channel (M6 or TF1) for the merger to proceed.
2025 International Challenger Zhangjiagang
The 2025 International Challenger Zhangjiagang was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Zhangjiagang, China between 25 August and 1 September 2025.

International Challenger Zhangjiagang
The International Challenger Zhangjiagang is a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is held annually in Zhangjiagang, China since 2017. The prize for the tournament is $80,000 USD.
Loamaro
Loamaro (Ingush: Лоамаро, romanized: Loamaruo; Chechen: Ламоро,)  — the name of the inhabitants of the mountains in Chechnya and Ingushetia. Loamaro consists of loam (mountain) and the suffix -(a)ro. The ethnonym is literally translated from the Ingush and Chechen language as "mountaineer".

Peter Simon Pallas
Peter Simon Pallas FRS FRSE (22 September 1741 – 8 September 1811) was a Prussian zoologist, botanist, ethnographer, explorer, geographer, geologist, natural historian, and taxonomist. He studied natural sciences at various universities in early modern Germany and worked primarily in the Russian Empire between 1767 and 1810.