hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Unified national access
Unified National Access, (Nafath; Arabic: نفاذ) is a Saudi national digital identity system that allow Saudi citizens and residents to use an Absher account as single sign-on identity provider service providing basic information about the individual to the beneficiary and verifiying their status of residency or citizenship. The program was announced on 28 November 2016 by the Saudi Ministry of Interior to simplify and modernize log-in into governmental services.

The Nafath project was started at the Ministry of Interior together within National Information Center of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, develop and implemented by Elm Company and Technology Control Company, The system is interconnected with over 530 government and private platforms and applications.

Since its inception, Nafath has executed more than 3 billion verification operations as of November 2024.

National digital identity systems
Many nations have implemented, are implementing, or have proposed nationwide digital identity systems.

Although many facets of digital identity are universal owing in part to the ubiquity of the Internet, some regional variations exist due to specific laws, practices and government services that are in place. For example, digital identity can use services that validate driving licences, passports and other physical documents online to help improve the quality of a digital identity. Also, strict policies against money laundering mean that some services, such as money transfers need a stricter level of validation of digital identity.

Digital identity in the national sense can mean a combination of single sign on, and/or validation of assertions by trusted authorities (generally the government).
Krivi Put
Krivi Put is a village located in a forested area near Senj, in Lika-Senj County, Croatia.

Its earliest settlers founded the village in 1605, favouring it as good grazing land for their cattle. The nearby villages of Veljun, Serdari, Alan, Krmpote and Podbilo were also founded by Bunjevci settlers around the same time. The village celebrates an annual holiday on August 5.

Senj
Senj is a town on the upper Adriatic coast in Croatia, in the foothills of the Mala Kapela and Velebit mountains.

The symbol of the town is the Nehaj Fortress (Croatian: Tvrđava Nehaj) which was completed in 1558. For a time this was the seat of the Uskoks, who were Christian refugees from Ottoman Bosnia resettled here to protect the Habsburg borderlands. The Republic of Venice accused the Uskoks of piracy and declared war on them, which led to their expulsion following a truce in 1617.

Senj is to be found in the Lika-Senj County of Croatia, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Gospić-Senj and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Rijeka.
James Macrae
James Macrae (1677 – July 1744) was a Scottish seaman and administrator who served as the President of Fort St George from 1725 to 1730. He is known for naval exploits against the pirate Edward England and for reforming the administration of Madras Presidency.

Fort St. George
Fort St. George (or historically, White Town) is a fortress at the coastal city of Chennai, India. Founded in 1639, it was the first English (later British) fortress in India. The construction of the fort provided the impetus for further settlements and trading activity, in what was originally an uninhabited land. Thus, it is a feasible contention to say that the city (named Madras since before the arrival of the Europeans until July 1996) evolved around the fortress. The fort currently houses the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly and other official buildings.
Nine Forty-Five
Nine Forty-Five is a 1934 British crime film directed by George King and starring Binnie Barnes, Donald Calthrop and Violet Farebrother. It was made at Teddington Studios by the British subsidiary of Warner Brothers. A quota quickie, it is based on a play by Sewell Collins.

Cinematograph Films Act 1927
The Cinematograph Films Act 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 29) was an act of the UK Parliament designed to stimulate the declining British film industry. It received royal assent on 22 December 1927 and came into force on 1 April 1928.
San Antonio Conservation Society
The Conservation Society of San Antonio (legally incorporated as the San Antonio Conservation Society) is located in the Bexar County city of San Antonio in the U.S. state of Texas.  Founding members were Emily Edwards, who became the organization's first president, and Rena Maverick Green.  The organization was formed on March 22, 1924, and officially incorporated on July 8, 1925.  Although now headquartered in the Courand House at 1146 South Alamo, The Society was previously headquartered in the Anton Wulff House, which they saved from destruction in 1974. The home was built 1869–1870 by German immigrant Anton Wulff, who became the city's first Park Commissioner.

Mission San José (Texas)
Mission San José y San Miguel de Aguayo is an historic Catholic mission in San Antonio, Texas, United States. The mission was named in part for the Marquis de San Miguel de Aguayo, José de Azlor y Virto de Vera.
Kevin Punter
Kevin Xavier Punter Jr. (born June 25, 1993) is an American professional basketball player for FC Barcelona of the Spanish Liga ACB and the EuroLeague. In addition to being a citizen of the United States, Punter also has Serbian citizenship.

After playing two years each of college basketball at State Fair Community College and Tennessee, Punter went undrafted in the 2016 NBA draft. He started his professional career in Europe, where he has played for elite teams like Virtus Bologna, Olympiacos, Crvena zvezda, Olimpia Milano, and Partizan.

Basketball Champions League
The Basketball Champions League (BCL), also commonly known as the FIBA Champions League, is an annual professional basketball competition for European clubs, organised by FIBA. It is the top-level competition organised by FIBA Europe, therefore the champion participates in the FIBA Intercontinental Cup, but it is usually considered the 3rd-tier Pan-European competition overall.

Clubs qualify for the competition mostly based on performance in their national leagues and cup competitions. Although exceptional, some teams can be wildcarded.

Each season consists of 32 teams. The inaugural season was held in 2016–17 and since then five different clubs won the competition. Canarias, San Pablo Burgos and Malaga hold the joint record of most BCL titles with two each.
Bø, Sortland
Bø is a village in Sortland Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The village is located on the island of Langøya along the Sortlandssundet strait, about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southwest of the town of Sortland and about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast of the village of Holand.

Langøya
Langøya is the third largest island of Norway (outside of Svalbard), with an area of 850.2 square kilometres (328.3 sq mi). The island is a part of the Vesterålen archipelago in Nordland county, Norway. The island includes Bø Municipality and Øksnes Municipality as well as parts of Sortland Municipality and Hadsel Municipality.
Fischbach bei Dahn
Fischbach bei Dahn (German pronunciation: [ˈfɪʃbax baɪ ˈdaːn], lit. 'Fischbach near Dahn') is a municipality in Südwestpfalz district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany.

The hollow in which Fischbach lies is surrounded by hills rising to around 400 metres above sea level. The highest hills in the general area are: to the northeast the Große Eyberg (514 m) and, to the south, beyond the French border, the Maimont (512 m). The summits of both hills are about four kilometres from the village.

When the US military began to downsize in the 1990s, the small US Army posts associated with Husterhoeh Kaserne (Pirmasens) were returned to Germany, including ones located at Maßweiler, Munchweiler, Fischbach, and Clausen.

Südwestpfalz
Südwestpfalz (pronounced [zyːtˈvɛstˌpfalts], lit. 'Southwest Palatinate') is a district (Kreis or more precise Landkreis) in the south of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from west clockwise) Saarpfalz, the district-free city Zweibrücken, the districts Kaiserslautern and Bad Dürkheim, the district-free city Landau  (the Taubensuhl/Fassendeich forest part of the city), Südliche Weinstraße, and the French département Bas-Rhin. The district-free city Pirmasens is surrounded by the district.
Hit-or-miss transform
In mathematical morphology, hit-or-miss transform is an operation that detects a given configuration (or pattern) in a binary image, using the morphological erosion operator and a pair of disjoint structuring elements. The result of the hit-or-miss transform is the set of positions where the first structuring element fits in the foreground of the input image, and the second structuring element misses it completely.

Complement (set theory)
In set theory, the complement of a set A, often denoted by  (or A′), is the set of elements not in A.

When all elements in the universe, i.e. all elements under consideration, are considered to be members of a given set U, the absolute complement of A is the set of elements in U that are not in A.

The relative complement of A with respect to a set B, also termed the set difference of B and A, written  is the set of elements in B that are not in A.
Frontier myth
The frontier myth or myth of the West is one of the influential myths in American culture. The frontier is the concept of a place that exists at the edge of a civilization, particularly during a period of expansion. The American frontier occurred throughout the 17th to 20th centuries as European Americans colonized and expanded across North America. This period of time became romanticized and idealized in literature and art to form a myth. Historian Richard Slotkin defines the myth of the frontier as "America as a wide-open land of unlimited opportunity for the strong, ambitious, self-reliant individual to thrust his way to the top."

Frederick Jackson Turner
Frederick Jackson Turner (November 14, 1861 – March 14, 1932) was an American historian during the early 20th century, based at the University of Wisconsin-Madison until 1910, and then Harvard University.  He was known primarily for his frontier thesis. He trained many PhDs who went on to become well-known historians.  He promoted interdisciplinary and quantitative methods, often with an emphasis on the Midwestern United States.

Turner's essay "The Significance of the Frontier in American History" included ideas that formed the frontier thesis. In it, Turner argued that the moving western frontier exerted a strong influence on American democracy and the American character from the colonial era until 1890. He is also known for his theories of geographical sectionalism. During recent years historians and academics have argued frequently over Turner's work; however, all agree that the frontier thesis has had an enormous effect on historical scholarship.
1988 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship final
The 1988 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final was the 57th All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1988 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, an inter-county camogie tournament for the top teams in Ireland.

Despite Cork's best efforts, they trailed 3-3 to 1-5 at half-time and Kilkenny won their fourth title in a row. Breda Holmes was top scorer with 2-2.

1988 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
The 1988 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship. The championship was won by Kilkenny who defeated Cork by a six-point margin in the final. The match drew an attendance of 4,000. It was the first All-Ireland championship to be played over the extended time period of 60 minutes.
Falmenta
Falmenta was a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) northeast of Turin and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Verbania. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 201 and an area of 16.2 square kilometres (6.3 sq mi).

On 1 January 2019 the municipalities of Cursolo-Orasso, Cavaglio-Spoccia and Falmenta merged into the municipality of Valle Cannobina.

Falmenta bordered the following municipalities: Aurano, Cannobio, Cavaglio-Spoccia, Gurro, Miazzina, Trarego Viggiona.

Gurro
Gurro is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) northeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Verbania. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 288 and an area of 13.2 square kilometres (5.1 sq mi).

Gurro borders the municipalities of Miazzina and Valle Cannobina.

Gurro is said to be populated by the descendants of Scottish soldiers. According to local legend, Scottish soldiers fleeing the Battle of Pavia (24 February 1525)  arrived in the area where severe blizzards forced many, if not all, to give up their travels and settle in the town.  Gurro is proud of its Scottish links, many Scottish flags fly around the village. Many residents claim their surnames are Italian translations of Scottish surnames, and the town also has a Scottish museum. Many quirks of the village's dialect are said to be from Gaelic.
Main-Kinzig-Kreis
Main-Kinzig-Kreis is a Kreis (district) in the east of Hesse, Germany. Neighboring districts are Wetteraukreis, Vogelsbergkreis, Fulda, Bad Kissingen in Hesse and Main-Spessart and Aschaffenburg in Bavaria. The district-free cities of Offenbach, Frankfurt, and Hanau (since 2026) also border the district.

Offenbach am Main
Offenbach am Main (German pronunciation: [ˈɔfn̩bax ʔam ˈmaɪn] ⓘ, lit. 'Offenbach on the Main') is a city in Hesse, Germany, on the left bank of the river Main. It borders Frankfurt and is part of the Frankfurt urban area and the larger Frankfurt Rhein-Main urban area. It has a population of 138,335 (December 2018).

In the 20th century, the city's economy was built on machine-building, leather-making, typography and design, and the automobile and pharmaceutical industries.
Droman, Sutherland
Droman is a small remote crofting township on the north west coast of Lairg in  Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.

The hamlets of Balchrick, Blairmore, Oldshore Beg and Oldshoremore are all located with 0.5 miles of Blairmore and are reached along the coast road from the south, which passes through Achriesgill, Badcall and Kinlochbervie to reach Blairmore from Rhiconich.  There are views from the township of the Outer Hebrides.

Kinlochbervie
Kinlochbervie (Scottish Gaelic: Ceann Loch Biorbhaidh, IPA: [ˈkʲʰaun̪ˠˈɫ̪ɔxˈpiɾivɪ]) is a scattered harbour village in the north west of Sutherland, in the Highland region of Scotland. It is the most northerly port on the west coast of Scotland.
Soundtrack for the End Times
Soundtrack for the End Times is the eighth studio album by Danish melodic death metal band Mercenary. It is their first album in 10 years, since their 2013 album Through Our Darkest Days, and their first album with new drummer Martin Nielsen who joined the band in 2019.

Through Our Darkest Days
Through Our Darkest Days is the seventh studio album by Danish melodic death metal band Mercenary. It is their only album with drummer Peter Mathiesen who joined the band as a regular member in 2012 after performing more than 50 shows with them. He left the band in 2019.

The cover artwork was done by Mircea Gabriel Eftemie the guitarist of the Danish metal band Mnemic. René Pedersen commented: "The cover artwork portraits a dark atmosphere, symbolizing the darkness that surrounds us everyday. But in darkness there is always a light, which in this case is symbolized by a burning candle, and the figure that holds its eyes in its hands, showing a piece of the world as seen through our eyes."
Romsdalsalpane
Romsdalsalpane (Norwegian) or the Romsdal Alps (English) is mountain range surrounding the Romsdalen valley in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. They are primarily located in Rauma Municipality, Molde Municipality, and Fjord Municipality. The southern part of the mountain range is also located within Reinheimen National Park. The famous Trollstigen road runs over a pass in this mountain range.

Some of the notable mountains in the range include:

Store Venjetinden at 1,852 metres (6,076 ft)

Store Trolltinden at 1,788 metres (5,866 ft), the highest point along the Troll Wall ridge

Trollryggen at 1,740 metres (5,710 ft)

Romsdalshornet at 1,550 metres (5,090 ft)

Kyrkjetaket at 1,439 metres (4,721 ft)

Kyrkjetaket
Kyrkjetaket is a mountain on the border of Rauma Municipality and Molde Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 1,439-metre (4,721 ft) tall peak is located just inside the border of Rauma Municipality, about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) northeast of the village of Isfjorden and 12.4 kilometres (7.7 mi) from the town of Åndalsnes. The mountain Gjuratinden lies about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) southeast of Kyrkjetaket. The name Kyrkjetaket translates to "the Church roof".

In February 2004, it was chosen as one of Norway's 10 finest alpine mountains by the magazine Fri Flyt.

Kyrkjetaket seen from Hestberget, along winter route to the summit.

Skarven (from left), Kirketaket and Kjøvskartind, from Åndalsnes.
Adidas Argentum
The Adidas Argentum is a family and brand of association football balls. Used as official match balls of Argentine football championship, the Argentum balls, in order to distinguish them in their construction, have had the year of adoption in their names.

Before the adoption of the brand, as official match balls of the Argentine football championships were used variants of Adidas Tango, of Adidas Roteiro, of Adidas Teamgeist and Terrapass, of Adidas SpeedCell and of Adidas Tango 12. However, the first real brand created for AFA was Adidas Tafugo.

Adidas Tricolore
Adidas Tricolore (French pronunciation: [adidas tʁikɔlɔʁ]) was the official match ball of 1998 FIFA World Cup in France. The Tricolore was officially unveiled in December 1997, being the first colorized ball used in a FIFA World Cup.
Louvain-la-Neuve Cyclotron
The Louvain-la-Neuve Cyclotron is a brutalist architectural complex of the University of Louvain built from 1970 to 1972 in Louvain-la-Neuve, Walloon Brabant, Belgium, notably holding UCLouvain's CYCLONE particle accelerators. It is the first building completed by the university when it moved following the Leuven crisis and was the largest cyclotron in Europe at the time of its construction. The Louvain Cyclotron can also refer to Belgium's first cyclotron built in Louvain (Leuven) in 1947, which was replaced by the Louvain-la-Neuve center.

In addition to two particle accelerators of the Cyclotron Research Center, the complex holds the UCLouvain Schools of Mathematics and Physics and corresponding research institutes, the Centre for Applied Molecular Technologies, the UCLouvain radiation protection service, a business incubator and a shared workspace.

Marc de Hemptinne
Marc de Hemptinne (Ghent, 1902–1986) was a Belgian physicist. He was the son of Alexandre de Hemptinne, a professor at the University of Leuven. He studied chemistry at the University of Ghent and obtained a PhD in Science in 1926. Marc de Hemptinne was a pioneer of molecular spectroscopy. In 1948 he was awarded the Francqui Prize on Exact Sciences.
Eugène Jean
Eugène Jean (French pronunciation: [øʒɛn ʒɑ̃]; born 1950) is a Haitian painter. Born in Trou du Nord, Jean typically paints humorous scenes of common people. He has been a member of the Centre d'Art since 1971 and has had several exhibitions in the United States. He first worked with fellow Haitian painter Philomé Obin.

Philomé Obin
Philomé Obin (July 20, 1892 – August 6, 1986) was a Haitian painter. He produced his first painting in 1908 at the age of 16, and was an active artist for 75 years. Obin is considered one of the greatest Haitian artists of the 20th century.
2022 Nigerian gubernatorial elections
The 2022 Nigerian gubernatorial elections were held on 18 June 2022, in Ekiti State, and on 16 July 2022, in Osun State. The last regular gubernatorial elections for both states were in 2018. Before the elections, the All Progressives Congress held both offices with Ekiti Governor Kayode Fayemi being term-limited after serving his second nonconsecutive term and Osun Governor Gboyega Oyetola running for a second term with his party's nomination. In the post-elections situation, the APC held Ekiti with a victory for former Secretary to the State Government Abiodun Oyebanji but lost Osun as Oyetola was defeated by former Senator Ademola Adeleke—the nominee of the Peoples Democratic Party.

2018 Osun State gubernatorial election
The Osun State gubernatorial election took place on 22 September 2018. The election was held alone where national and state level elections were to be held by 2019. Two-term incumbent Governor Rauf Aregbesola of the All Progressives Congress was in-eligible to run for re-election. Ademola Adeleke of the People's Democratic Party won the initial election as announced by INEC. but was defeated in a rerun on 27 September by Gboyega Oyetola.
Trinity Church, Langzhong
Trinity Church, also referred to as Protestant Episcopal Church, is a Protestant church situated on Langjiaguai Street in the county-level city of Langzhong, Nanchong, Sichuan Province. Founded in 1893, the building is the city's oldest surviving Anglican church, formerly belonging to the East Szechwan Diocese of the Church in China. It has been subjected to the control of the state-sanctioned Three-Self Patriotic Church since 1954.

Isabella Bird
Isabella Lucy Bishop  FRGS (née Bird; 15 October 1831 – 7 October 1904) was an English explorer, writer, photographer and naturalist. Alongside fellow Englishwoman Fanny Jane Butler, she founded the John Bishop Memorial Hospital in Srinagar in modern-day Kashmir. She was also the first woman to be elected as a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society.
WAY-267464
WAY-267464 is a potent, selective, non-peptide agonist for the oxytocin receptor, with negligible affinity for the vasopressin receptors. Contradictorily however, though originally described as selective for the oxytocin receptor and lacking affinity for the vasopressin receptors, it has since been reported to also act as a potent vasopressin V1A receptor antagonist (in contrast to oxytocin, which is a weak agonist of the V1A receptor). WAY-267464 has been shown to cross the blood–brain barrier to a significantly greater extent than exogenously applied oxytocin, and in animal tests produces centrally-mediated oxytocinergic actions such as anxiolytic effects, but with no antidepressant effect evident. It was developed by a team at Ferring Pharmaceuticals. WAY-267464 was under investigation for the potential clinical treatment of anxiety disorders by Wyeth, and reached the preclinical stage of development, but no development has been reported as of 2011.

Anxiolytic
An anxiolytic (/ˌæŋksiəˈlɪtɪk, ˌæŋksioʊ-/; also antipanic or anti-anxiety agent) is a medication or other intervention that reduces anxiety. This effect is in contrast to anxiogenic agents which increase anxiety. Anxiolytic medications are used for the treatment of anxiety disorders and their related psychological and physical symptoms.