hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
West Green, London
West Green is a district in north London, England, in the United Kingdom, within the London Borough of Haringey. It is located 5.7 miles (9.22 km) north of Charing Cross.

The area is mainly residential and includes both Chestnuts and Downhills parks. Its boundaries are roughly marked by Downhills Park to the north and north-west, Higham Road and Clonmell Road to the north-east, Avenue Road to the south-east, St Ann's Road to the south, Belmont Road to the west, and a line stretching from Stanley Road to La Rose Lane on the south-west.

North London
North London is the northern part of London, England, north of the River Thames and the City of London. It extends from Clerkenwell and Finsbury, on the edge of the City of London financial district, to Greater London's boundary with Hertfordshire. The term is occasionally used in reference to all of London north of the River Thames.

The term differentiates the area from South London, East London and West London. Some parts of North London are also part of Central London.
Gmina Sułoszowa
Gmina Sułoszowa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Sułoszowa, which lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 53.38 square kilometres (20.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,880.

Kraków County
Kraków County (Polish: powiat krakowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Kraków, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city with powiat rights). The county contains five towns: Skawina, 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Kraków, Krzeszowice, 24 km (15 mi) west of Kraków, Słomniki, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Kraków, Skała, 20 km (12 mi) north of Kraków, and Świątniki Górne, 15 km (9 mi) south of Kraków.

The county covers an area of 1,229.62 square kilometres (474.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 278,219, out of which the population of Skawina is 24,340, that of Krzeszowice is 10,014, that of Słomniki is 4,343, that of Skała is 3,798, that of Świątniki Górne is 2,431, and the rural population is 233,293.
Luzhniki disaster
55°42′57″N 37°33′13″E﻿ / ﻿55.71583°N 37.55361°E﻿ / 55.71583; 37.55361

The Luzhniki disaster was a deadly crowd crush that took place at the Grand Sports Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium (Russian: Большая спортивная арена Центрального стадиона им. В. И. Ленина, now known as Luzhniki Stadium) in Moscow during the 1982–83 UEFA Cup match between FC Spartak Moscow and HFC Haarlem on 20 October 1982.  According to the official enquiry, 66 FC Spartak Moscow fans, mostly adolescents, died in the crush, which made it Russia's worst sporting disaster.  The number of fatalities in this crush was not officially revealed until seven years later, in 1989. Until then, this figure varied in press reports from 3 to 340 fatalities. The circumstances of this disaster are similar to those of the second Ibrox disaster in Scotland.

1982–83 UEFA Cup
The 1982–83 UEFA Cup was the 12th edition of the UEFA Cup, the third-tier club football competition organised by UEFA. The final was played over two legs at the Heysel Stadium, Brussels, Belgium, and at the Estádio da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal, between Anderlecht of Belgium and Benfica of Portugal. Anderlecht won by an aggregate result of 2–1 to claim their first and only UEFA Cup title.

As of 2024, Anderlecht remains the only Belgian team to have won either the UEFA Cup or its successor tournament, the UEFA Europa League. It was also their third and final win in a European competition, following the 1975–76 and 1977–78 editions of the European Cup Winners' Cup.
Pieter Scipio van Oostende
Pieter Scipio van Oostende was a 17th-century Dutch explorer and soldier known for his expedition for the Dutch East India Company under the supervision of Governor-General Johannes Camphuys. He led a small army contingent into the inland Parahyangan region in present-day West Java, Indonesia in 1687. During his expedition, he discovered the ruins of Pakuan Pajajaran, the former capital of the Kingdom of Sunda and the Batutulis inscription in the present-day Bogor area, which later named by the Dutch as Buitenzorg. He was also the first European to reach the southern coastal area of Palabuhanratu, which was later known by the Dutch as Wijnkoopersbaai.

Johannes Camphuys
Johannes Camphuys (registered as Kamphuis in the Centraal Bureau voor Genealogie) (18 July 1634 – 18 July 1695) was the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1684 to 1691. Camphuys was born in Haarlem, in the Republic of the United Netherlands.
Churchman Brook Dam
Churchman Brook Dam is an earth-fill embankment dam approximately 30 kilometres (20 mi) southeast of Perth, Western Australia in the City of Armadale. The reservoir is a water source for Perth.

It has a capacity of 2.24 gigalitres (79 million cubic feet) for a catchment area of 16 square kilometres (6.2 sq mi).

The creation of the dam was announced in March 1923 by Premier James Mitchell. Along with Canning Dam and Wungong Dam, it formed part of the Hills Water Supply Scheme which was intended to rectify severe water shortages in metropolitan Perth. Its capacity was initially estimated at 595 million gallons.

Construction of the dam commenced in 1923 and was completed in 1929; the resident engineer was Sir Russell John Dumas.

The dam is on the City of Armadale's heritage list, having been registered on 1 December 2008.

City of Armadale
The City of Armadale is a local government area in the southeastern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, about 28 kilometres (17.4 mi) southeast of Perth's central business district. The City covers an area of 560 square kilometres (216 sq mi), much of which is state forest rising into the Darling Scarp to the east, and had a population of almost 80,000 as at the 2016 Census. At the 2021 census, the population had risen to 94,184.
Extra Wax
Extra Wax (Wax stylised in all caps) is a limited-edition 7-inch vinyl EP by Scottish singer-songwriter KT Tunstall as a supplement to her sixth studio album, WAX. It was released on 13 April 2019. The record contains two new non-album tracks, "John the Conqueror" and "Throw Down Boy", and a cover of Violent Femmes' "Blister in the Sun".

Wax (KT Tunstall album)
Wax is the sixth studio album by Scottish singer-songwriter KT Tunstall, and the second album in the "soul, body and mind" trilogy. It was released on 5 October 2018, following up the first album of the trilogy, Kin. The first single from the album is "The River", released on 23 August 2018.
Lynceus (son of Aegyptus)
In Greek mythology, Lynceus (/ˈlɪnsiːəs, -sjuːs/; Ancient Greek: Λυγκεύς, romanized: Lynkeús, lit. 'lynx-eyed') was a prince of Egypt and king of Argos, succeeding Danaus on the throne. Through his marriage to the Danaid Hypermnestra, he began the Danaid Dynasty that led to Perseus, hero and legendary founder of Mycenae.

Perseus
In Greek mythology, Perseus (US: /ˈpɜːr.si.əs/ ⓘ, UK: /ˈpɜː.sjuːs/; Greek: Περσεύς, translit. Perseús) is the legendary founder of the Perseid dynasty. He was, alongside Cadmus and Bellerophon, the greatest Greek hero and slayer of monsters before the days of Heracles. He beheaded the Gorgon Medusa for Polydectes and saved Andromeda from the sea monster Cetus. He was a demigod, being the son of Zeus and the mortal Danaë, as well as the half-brother and great-grandfather of Heracles (as they were both children of Zeus, and Heracles's mother was Perseus's granddaughter).
VW Electronics Research Laboratory
The Volkswagen Electronics Research Laboratory (VWERL) is a division of the Volkswagen Group of America, Inc., with its headquarters in Silicon Valley (Belmont, California).

The VWERL's slogan Technology to the People! indicates its mission: to leverage Silicon Valley resources for the advancement of the Volkswagen Groups' products through technical knowledge and electronics expertise.

The VWERL has recently received media attention surrounding its joint victory with Stanford University in the DARPA Grand Challenge, a prize competition for driverless cars.

Infotainment
Infotainment, a portmanteau of information and entertainment, is a type of media, usually television or online, that provides a combination of information and entertainment. The term may be used disparagingly to devalue infotainment or soft news subjects in favor of more serious hard news subjects. Infotainment-based websites and social media apps gained traction due to their focused publishing of infotainment content, e.g. BuzzFeed. It is also called soft news as a way to distinguish it from serious journalism or hard news.
Actaeus (mythology)
Actaeus (/ækˈtiːəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἀκταῖος Ἀktaῖos means "coast-man") was the name of three individuals appearing in Greek mythology:

Actaeus, a king of Attica.

Actaeus, father of Telamon by Glauce, daughter of Cychreus. He was the grandfather of Ajax of Salamis.

Actaeus, one of the Telchines.

Ajax the Great
Ajax (/ˈeɪdʒæks/) or Aias (/ˈaɪ.əs/; Ancient Greek: Αἴας, romanized: Aíās [aí̯.aːs], gen. Αἴαντος Aíantos) is a Greek mythological hero, the son of King Telamon and Periboea, and the half-brother of Teucer. He plays an important role in the Trojan War, and is portrayed as a towering figure and a warrior of great courage in Homer's Iliad and in the Epic Cycle, a series of epic poems about the Trojan War, being second only to Achilles among Greek heroes of the war. He is also referred to as "Telamonian Ajax" (Αἴας ὁ Τελαμώνιος, in Etruscan recorded as Aivas Tlamunus), "Greater Ajax", or "Ajax the Great", which distinguishes him from Ajax, son of Oileus, also known as Ajax the Lesser.
Jirón Camaná
Jirón Camaná is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at the Alameda Chabuca Granda and continues southwest until it reaches Jirón Jacinto López, next to the Plaza Francia, continuing directly south until it reaches Bolivia Avenue, next to the Lima Civic Center.

The street was an important place for the bohemian movement in Lima, with its first five blocks being known for its libraries, and its later blocks for places such as restaurants and art establishments.

Lima Civic Center
The Lima Civic Center (Spanish: Centro Cívico de Lima) is an architectural complex located next to the Paseo de los Héroes Navales in the district of Lima, on the land previously occupied by the Lima Penitentiary. It was projected with the intention of becoming a civic-urban landmark for the city, housing State offices, a hotel and a convention center. Its construction began in 1970 and culminated in 1977 with the inauguration of the main tower of the complex. At 109 meters tall, it was the tallest building in the country for 34 years. It was surpassed in 2011 by the Westin Hotel in the San Isidro district.
Tryphon Kin-Kiey Mulumba
Tryphon Kin-Kiey Mulumba (born 4 September 1949, in Kindambi, Belgian Congo) is a Congolese politician. He was formerly the Minister of Relations with Parliament and the Minister of Post and Telecommunications in the government of Prime Minister Matata Ponyo Mapon. In 2018 Mulumba was a presidential candidate in the 2018 Democratic Republic of the Congo general election. He was also previously in the National Assembly since the 2006 election representing the Bandundu Province, ending his term after the 2011 election. He has always been a close supporter of President Joseph Kabila, but in 2018 chose to run against Kabila's chosen candidate, Emmanuel Ramazani Shadary.

Matata Ponyo Mapon
Matata Ponyo Mapon (born 5 June 1964) is a Congolese politician who served as the Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 18 April 2012 to 17 November 2016. Previously he served as Minister of Finance from 21 February 2010 to 12 April 2012; as Prime Minister, he retained responsibility for the finance portfolio. He currently serves as Senator for Maniema. On 3 May 2022, he founded the political party Leadership and Governance for Development (Leadership et Gouvernance pour le Développement, LGD) and ran as its candidate in the 2023 presidential election.

In 2025 he was jailed for corruption.
Minucciano
Minucciano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lucca in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Florence and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Lucca.

Minucciano borders the following municipalities: Camporgiano, Casola in Lunigiana, Fivizzano, Massa, Piazza al Serchio, Sillano Giuncugnano,  Vagli Sotto.

Lucca
Lucca (/ˈluːkə/ LOO-kə, Italian: [ˈlukka] ⓘ) is a city and comune in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain.

The city has a population of about 89,000, while its province has a population of 383,957. Lucca is known as an Italian "Città d'arte" (City of Art) from its intact Renaissance-era city walls and its very well preserved historic center, where, among other buildings and monuments, are located the Piazza dell'Anfiteatro, which has its origins in the second half of the 1st century A.D., the Guinigi Tower, a 45-metre-tall (150 ft) tower that dates from the 14th century  and the Cathedral of San Martino.

The city is the birthplace of numerous world-class composers, including Giacomo Puccini, Alfredo Catalani, and Luigi Boccherini.
William J. Scott (Illinois politician)
William J. Scott (November 11, 1926 – June 22, 1986) was an American lawyer and politician. A member of the Republican Party, he served as Treasurer of Illinois from 1963 until 1967 and as Illinois Attorney General from 1969 until his disqualification from office following his conviction of a tax crime.

Illinois Attorney General
The Illinois attorney general is the highest legal officer of the state of Illinois in the United States.  Originally an appointed office, it is now an office filled by statewide election.  Based in Chicago and Springfield, the attorney general is responsible for providing legal counsel for the various state agencies, including the governor of Illinois and Illinois General Assembly, as well as conducting all legal affairs pertaining to the state.

The office of Illinois Attorney General was established on December 3, 1818, based on guidelines adopted by a state constitutional convention. The attorney general is second (behind the lieutenant governor) in the line of succession to the office of Governor of Illinois. The first person to fulfill the duties of the office was Daniel Pope Cook who only served eleven days, and was later elected to the United States Congress. Cook County was named in his honor.

The current holder of the office is Kwame Raoul.
Hochelaga—Maisonneuve (federal electoral district)
Hochelaga—Maisonneuve (French pronunciation: [ɔʃlaɡa mɛzɔ̃nœv]; formerly known as Maisonneuve) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1979 to 2004.

It was created in 1976 as "Maisonneuve" riding from parts of Hochelaga, Lafontaine and Maisonneuve—Rosemont ridings. It was renamed "Hochelaga—Maisonneuve" in 1978.

The riding was abolished in 2003 when it was redistributed into Hochelaga, Honoré-Mercier and La Pointe-de-l'Île ridings.

Lafontaine (electoral district)
Lafontaine (French pronunciation: [lafɔ̃tɛn]; also known as Lafontaine—Rosemont) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1949 to 1979.

This riding was created in 1947 from parts of Hochelaga, St. James and St. Mary ridings. It consisted of a part of the city of Montreal.

The riding's name was changed in 1975 to "Lafontaine—Rosemont", and the riding was abolished in 1976 when it was redistributed into Hochelaga, Laurier, Maisonneuve and Rosemont ridings.
Thomas M. Salmon
Thomas M. Salmon (born July 28, 1963) is an American politician who was Vermont Auditor of Accounts from 2007 to 2013. He did not run for reelection in 2012, and was succeeded by Democrat/Progressive Douglas R. Hoffer. He was elected in 2006 as a Democrat and then became a Republican in 2009.

Vermont State Auditor
The auditor of accounts of Vermont, informally referred to as "the state auditor", is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Vermont. Twenty-nine individuals have occupied the office of state auditor since statehood. The incumbent is  Douglas R. Hoffer, a Democrat/Progressive. He was first elected to office in 2012.
Herrick Barn
The Herrick Barn, near Gary, South Dakota, is a Bank barn built in 1899 by "Captain" H.H. Herrick.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

It was deemed to be "a significant example of a bank barn in South Dakota."  It was built into the side of a hill and has a stone foundation visible on three sides.  It is timber framed and has a gambrel roof.

Satellite imagery from 2018 suggests the barn no longer exists or the coordinates given here are not accurate.

Bank barn
A bank barn or banked barn is a style of barn which is accessible from the ground, on two separate levels. Often built into the side of a hill or bank, the upper and the lower floors could both be accessed from the ground, one area at the top of the hill and the other at the bottom. The second level of a bank barn could also be accessed from a ramp if a hill was unavailable.

Examples of bank barns can be found in the United Kingdom, in the United States, in eastern Canada, in Norway, in the Dordogne in France, and in Umbria, Italy, among other places.
Asplenium pinnatifidum
Asplenium pinnatifidum, commonly known as the lobed spleenwort or pinnatifid spleenwort, is a small fern found principally in the Appalachian Mountains and the Shawnee Hills, growing in rock crevices in moderately acid to subacid strata. Originally identified as a variety of walking fern (Asplenium rhizophyllum), it was classified as a separate species by Thomas Nuttall in 1818. It is believed to have originated by chromosome doubling in a hybrid between walking fern and mountain spleenwort (Asplenium montanum), producing a fertile tetraploid, a phenomenon known as alloploidy; however, the hypothesized parental hybrid has never been located. It is intermediate in morphology between the parent species: while its leaf blades are long and tapering like that of walking fern, the influence of mountain spleenwort means that the blades are lobed, rather than whole. A. pinnatifidum can itself form sterile hybrids with several other spleenworts.

Sporangium
A sporangium (from Late Latin, from Ancient Greek  σπορά (sporá) 'seed' and  ἀγγεῖον (angeîon) 'vessel'; pl.: sporangia) is an enclosure in which spores are formed. It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular. Virtually all plants, fungi, and many other groups form sporangia at some point in their life cycle. Sporangia can produce spores by mitosis, but in land plants and many fungi, sporangia produce genetically distinct haploid spores by meiosis.
Zach Von Rosenberg
Zach Von Rosenberg (born September 24, 1990) is an American professional football punter. He played college football for the LSU Tigers and was previously a pitcher in the Pittsburgh Pirates organization.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
History of optics
Optics began with the development of lenses by the ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamians, followed by theories on light and vision developed by ancient Greek philosophers, and the development of geometrical optics in the Greco-Roman world. The word optics is derived from the Greek term τα ὀπτικά meaning 'appearance, look'. Optics was significantly reformed by the developments in the medieval Islamic world, such as the beginnings of physical and physiological optics, and then significantly advanced in early modern Europe, where diffractive optics began. These earlier studies on optics are now known as "classical optics". The term "modern optics" refers to areas of optical research that largely developed in the 20th century, such as wave optics and quantum optics.

Pinhole camera
A pinhole camera is a simple camera without a lens but with a tiny aperture (the so-called pinhole)—effectively a light-proof box with a small hole in one side. Light from a scene passes through the aperture and projects an inverted image on the opposite side of the box, which is known as the camera obscura  effect. The size of the images depends on the distance between the object and the pinhole and the distance between pinhole and screen.

A Worldwide Pinhole Photography Day is observed on the last Sunday of April, every year.
Ruth Laredo
Ruth Laredo (November 20, 1937 – May 25, 2005) was an American classical pianist.

Laredo became known in the 1970s in particular for her premiere recordings of the 10 sonatas of Scriabin and the complete solo piano works of Rachmaninoff, for her Ravel recordings and, in the last sixteen and a half years before her death, for her series in the Metropolitan Museum of Art “Concerts with Commentary”. She was often referred to as "America's First Lady of the Piano".

Brandenburg Concertos
The Brandenburg Concertos (BWV 1046–1051) by Johann Sebastian Bach are a collection of six instrumental works presented by Bach to Christian Ludwig, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, in 1721 (though probably composed earlier). The original French title is Six Concerts avec plusieurs instruments, meaning "Six Concertos for several instruments". Some of the pieces feature several solo instruments in combination. They are widely regarded as some of the greatest orchestral compositions of the Baroque era.
Wallacestone
Wallacestone is a village in the area of Falkirk, central Scotland. It lies 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south-west of Polmont, 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south-east of Falkirk and 1.0 mile (1.6 km) north-east of California.

The population of Wallacestone was recorded as 746 residents at the time of the 2001 census.

Polmont
Polmont (Scottish Gaelic: Poll-Mhonadh) is a village in the Falkirk council area of Central Scotland. It lies towards the east of the town of Falkirk, north of the Union Canal, which runs adjacent to the village.

Due to its situation in Central Scotland, many locations can be seen from Polmont, ranging from the Ochil Hills and the River Forth, to Cairnpapple Hill.  Although giving its name to Polmont Young Offenders Institution, the prison is in fact in Reddingmuirhead.
Charles Butler, 1st Earl of Arran
Lieutenant-General Charles Butler, 1st Earl of Arran (of the second creation), de jure 3rd Duke of Ormonde (1671–1758), was an Anglo-Irish peer. His uncle Richard was the 1st Earl of Arran of the first creation. The titles were re-created for Charles in 1693. His elder brother, the 2nd Duke of Ormonde, was attainted during the Jacobite rising of 1715, but in 1721 Arran was allowed to buy the estate back. At the death of the 2nd Duke, he succeeded as de jure 3rd Duke of Ormonde in the Irish peerage but did not claim the title.

Baron Butler
The title Baron Butler was created in the Peerage of England in 1666.
The Butler family have several branches (Irish: Buitléar) who descended from Irish-Norman dynasties, all of which descended from Theobald Walter who was Chief Butler of England.