hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pheasantry
A pheasantry is a place or facility used for captive breeding and rearing pheasants, peafowls and other related birds, which may or may not be confined with enclosures such as aviaries. The pheasants may be sold or displayed to public as ornamental animals, or used as game birds. Pheasantries may also be used for conservation and research purposes.

Aviary
An aviary is a large enclosure for confining birds, although bats may also be considered for display. Unlike birdcages, aviaries allow birds a larger living space where they can fly; hence, aviaries are also sometimes known as flight cages in the United Kingdom. Aviaries often contain plants and shrubbery to simulate a natural environment.
Britt Cobb
W. Britt Cobb, Jr. is a former North Carolina government official. His last position was as chief of staff for North Carolina Governor Beverly Perdue until she left office in January 2013. Previously, he had served as her Secretary of Administration (a member of Governor's Cabinet). Cobb was also Commissioner of Agriculture for the state of North Carolina between June 2003 and February 2005. He was appointed to the post in June 2003 following the resignation of Agriculture Commissioner Meg Scott Phipps and lost a hotly disputed race for the seat in 2004 to Republican Steve Troxler.

North Carolina Commissioner of Agriculture
The Commissioner of Agriculture is a statewide elected office in the U.S. state of North Carolina. The commissioner is a constitutional officer who serves as the head of the state's Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, which is responsible for promoting agriculture in the state. They are also a member of the Council of State. The incumbent is Steve Troxler, who has served since 2005.

Leonidas L. Polk was the first Commissioner when the office was established in 1877. At the time, the commissioner was appointed by the state Board of Agriculture. In 1899 another act was passed providing that the commissioner, beginning with the general election of 1900, be elected by the people. The office was elevated to constitutional status in 1944.
Defensor Arica
Defensor Arica was a Peruvian football club based in Breña, Lima. The club was founded in 1929 and reached the Peruvian Second Division in 1947. They were subsequently promoted to the first division in 1964. Their greatest achievement was second place in the national league in 1969 and consequently in 1970 they played in the Copa Libertadores. Two years later, Defensor Arica was relegated.

Breña
Breña is a district of Lima, Peru. It is the second smallest district of the city, and its creation dates back to the demolition of the city walls ordered by president José Balta during the late 19th century, which led to the broad expansion of the city.
Mount Banda Banda
Mount Banda Banda, a mountain of the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia, is situated 320 kilometres (200 mi) from Sydney within the Willi Willi National Park. Banda Banda can be seen on the north-western horizon from Port Macquarie, as well as on the south-western horizon 39 km from the town of Kempsey. At 1,258 metres (4,127 ft) AHD it is the highest mountain in the region.

Kempsey, New South Wales
Kempsey is a town in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia and is the council seat for Kempsey Shire. It is located roughly 16.5 kilometres inland from the coast of the Pacific Ocean, on the Macleay Valley Way near where the Pacific Highway and the North Coast railway line cross the Macleay River. It is roughly 430 kilometres north of Sydney. As of June 2018 Kempsey had a population of 15,309.
Air Philippines Flight 541
Air Philippines Flight 541 was a scheduled domestic flight operated by Air Philippines from Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Metro Manila to Francisco Bangoy International Airport in Davao City. On April 19, 2000, the Boeing 737-2H4 crashed south of  Davao City while on approach to the airport, killing all 124 passengers and 7 crew members. The aircraft descended below the normal altitude for the glide slope, reaching 1,400 ft from the ground, at 500 ft, the aircraft struck a coconut tree, causing it to break up and catch fire. It remains the deadliest air disaster in the Philippines, surpassing the 1998 crash of Cebu Pacific Flight 387, and the third-deadliest accident involving the Boeing 737-200, after Mandala Airlines Flight 091 (which crashed five years later), and Indian Airlines Flight 113 (which crashed nearly twelve years prior).

Indian Airlines Flight 113
Indian Airlines Flight 113 was a domestic passenger flight operating from Mumbai to Ahmedabad that crashed on its final approach to Ahmedabad Airport on 19 October 1988, killing 133 of the 135 people on board.

The crash was the deadliest crash in the history of Indian Airlines. It is now the fifth-deadliest civil aviation accident in India after the 1996 Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision, Air India Flight 171 (2025), Air India Flight 855 (1978), and Air India Express Flight 812 (2010).
Tom Gallo
Tom Gallo is an American singer-songwriter and composer. He has been featured in Billboard Magazine, Paper Magazine and on NPR's popular music show All Songs Considered, where his music was described as "spare and minimal, emotional and atmospheric".

Moses Sumney
Moses Sumney (born May 19, 1992) is an American singer-songwriter and actor. His self-recorded EP, Mid-City Island, was released in 2014. He released another five-song EP in 2016, titled Lamentations. His first full-length album, Aromanticism, was released in September 2017. His second studio album, Græ, was released in 2020. Sumney has performed as an opening act for James Blake, Solange Knowles, and Sufjan Stevens. In 2023, he was featured on The Weeknd's HBO TV series The Idol.
Boynik Point
Boynik Point (Bulgarian: нос Бойник, ‘Nos Boynik’ \'nos 'boy-nik\) is the rounded rocky point on the southeast side of the entrance to Kozma Cove, forming the northeast extremity of Desolation Island in the entrance to Hero Bay, Livingston Island in Antarctica. The feature is named after the settlement of Boynik in Southern Bulgaria.

Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name Smolensk, 62°36′S 60°30′W﻿ / ﻿62.600°S 60.500°W﻿ / -62.600; -60.500) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.
San Quirico d'Orcia
San Quirico d'Orcia is a comune (municipality) of about 2,500 inhabitants in the Province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southeast of Florence and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Siena inside the Valdorcia landscape. It is named in honor of Saint Quiricus.

Located on the Via Francigena, San Quirico d'Orcia borders the municipalities of Castiglione d'Orcia, Montalcino and Pienza.

Val d'Orcia
The Val d'Orcia or Valdorcia (Italian: [valˈdortʃa]) is a region of Tuscany, central Italy, which extends from the hills south of Siena to Monte Amiata. Its gentle, cultivated hills are occasionally broken by gullies and by towns and villages such as Pienza (rebuilt as an "ideal town" in the 15th century under the patronage of Pope Pius II), Radicofani (home to the notorious brigand-hero Ghino di Tacco) and Montalcino (the Brunello di Montalcino is counted among the most prestigious of Italian wines). Its landscape has been depicted in works of art from Renaissance painting to modern photography.
Alava (Salas)
Alava is one of 28 parishes (administrative divisions) in Salas, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

It is 4.86 km2 (1.88 sq mi) in size, with a population of 51 (INE 2005).

Salas, Asturias
Salas (also known as San Martin de Salas)  is a town and concejo (municipality) in the Principality of Asturias. It lies on the road from San Sebastián to Santiago de Compostela, and on a small subtributary of the river Narcea. It is bordered on the north by Valdés, Cudillero and Pravia, to south by Belmonte de Miranda, to the east by Pravia, Candamo and Grado, and to the west by Tineo and Valdés.

Salas is a mountainous region in which coal-mining and agriculture are the principal industries. The products of this region are sent for export to Cudillero, a small harbour on the Bay of Biscay. Salas is well known as a tourist point and as the birthplace of Fernando de Valdés y Salas.
Mulwaree Shire
Mulwaree Shire was a local government area in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.

Mulwaree Shire was proclaimed on 7 March 1906, one of 134 shires created after the passing of the Local Government (Shires) Act 1905.

The shire office was in Goulburn but the shire did not include Goulburn. Towns and villages in the shire included  Bungonia, Marulan, Tarago and Taralga.

Mulwaree Shire was abolished and split on 11 February 2004 with part merged with the City of Goulburn to form Goulburn Mulwaree Council, part merged with Tallaganda Shire and parts of Yarrowlumla Shire and Gunning Shire to form Palerang Council and part merged with Crookwell Shire and parts of Gunning Shire and Yass Shire to form Upper Lachlan Shire.

Palerang Council
The Palerang Council was a local government area located in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia. On 12 May 2016 the Minister for Local Government announced dissolution of the Palerang Council with immediate effect. Together with Queanbeyan City the combined council areas were merged to establish the Queanbeyan-Palerang Regional Council. Both councils had opposed the amalgamation. Elections for the new Council area were held in September 2017. The former mayor of Queanbeyan City Council was appointed by the New South Wales Government as administrator until that date.

The last mayor of the Palerang Council was Cr. Pete Harrison, an independent politician.
Syphon Filter 3
Syphon Filter 3 is a 2001 third-person shooter video game developed and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. It is the third installment in the Syphon Filter series and the last to be released on the PlayStation. It was re-released in 2023 for the PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5.

Third-person shooter
Third-person shooter (TPS) is a subgenre of 3D shooter games in which the gameplay consists primarily of shooting. It is closely related to first-person shooters, but with the player character visible on-screen during play. While 2D shoot 'em up games also employ a third-person perspective, the TPS genre is distinguished by having the game presented with the player's avatar as a primary focus of the camera's view.
1972 Yugoslav smallpox outbreak
The 1972 Yugoslav smallpox outbreak was the largest outbreak of smallpox in Europe after the Second World War. It was centered in Kosovo, a province of Serbia within Yugoslavia, and the capital city of Belgrade. A Kosovar Albanian Muslim pilgrim had contracted the smallpox virus in the Middle East. Upon returning to his home in Kosovo, he started the epidemic in which 175 people were infected, killing 35. The epidemic was efficiently contained by enforced quarantine and mass vaccination. The 1982 film Variola Vera is based on the event.

Socialist Republic of Serbia
The Socialist Republic of Serbia (Serbo-Croatian: Социјалистичка Република Србија / Socijalistička Republika Srbija), previously known as the People's Republic of Serbia (Serbo-Croatian: Народна Република Србија / Narodna Republika Srbija, lit. 'National Republic of Serbia'), commonly abbreviated as Republic of Serbia, SR Serbia or simply Serbia, was one of the six constituent republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in what is now the modern day states of Serbia and the disputed territory of Kosovo. Its formation was initiated in 1941, and achieved in 1944–1946, when it was established as a federated republic within Yugoslavia. In that form, it lasted until the constitutional reforms from 1990 to 1992, when it was reconstituted, as the Republic of Serbia within the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. It was the largest constituent republic of Yugoslavia, in terms of population and territory. Its capital, Belgrade, was also the federal capital of Yugoslavia.
Walter T. Griffith
Walter Thomas Griffith (June 3, 1911 – January 25, 1966) was a United States Navy submarine commander in World War II. He commanded USS Bowfin (SS-287) on her second through fourth patrols, becoming her most successful commanding officer and earning the boat the Presidential Unit Citation for her second patrol. He later served as the commanding officer of USS Bullhead (SS-332) for her first two patrols.

Navy Cross
The Navy Cross is the United States naval services' second-highest military decoration awarded for sailors and marines who distinguish themselves for extraordinary heroism in combat with an armed enemy force. The medal is equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross of the United States Army, the Air Force Cross of the United States Air Force and Space Force, and the Coast Guard Cross of the United States Coast Guard; collectively, these awards are known as the "service crosses".

The Navy Cross is bestowed by the secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services, and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services. The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress (Public Law 65-253) and approved on February 4, 1919.
Kiltoom, County Roscommon
Kiltoom, also Kiltomb (from Irish Cill Tuama), is a civil parish as well as an electoral division in County Roscommon, Ireland. There is also an eponymous townland in the parish. Kiltoom is located northwest of Athlone on the southwestern shore of Lough Ree.

The main road in the parish area is the N61 between Athlone and Roscommon. Kiltoom formerly had a railway station on the Dublin to Westport line which opened in 1860 and closed in 1963.  The primary school, Ballybay Central National School, is a Catholic school. The townlands and parishes of Kiltoom and Cam were used as examples in a study of rural communities in Roscommon in the century preceding the Great Famine of the 1840s.

Roscommon
Roscommon (/rɒsˈkɒmən/; Irish: Ros Comáin, meaning 'Saint Coman's wood'; pronounced [ɾˠɔsˠ ˈkɔmˠaːnʲ]) is the county town and the largest town in County Roscommon in Ireland. It is roughly in the centre of Ireland, near the meeting of the N60, N61 and N63 roads. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.

The name Roscommon is derived from Commán mac Faelchon who built a monastery there in the 5th century. The woods near the monastery became known as Ros Comáin (St. Coman's Wood). This was later anglicised to Roscommon. Its population at the 2022 census was 6,555.
2023 national electoral calendar
This national electoral calendar for 2023 lists the national/federal elections held in 2023 in all sovereign states and their dependent territories. By-elections are excluded, though national referendums are included.

Politics of the Federated States of Micronesia
The politics of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) takes place in a framework of a federal assembly-independent representative democratic republic. The President of the Federated States of Micronesia is both head of state and head of government. Executive power is exercised by the president and his cabinet, while legislative power is vested in both the president and the Congress. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.

The internal workings of the FSM are governed by the 1979 constitution, which guarantees fundamental human rights and establishes a separation of governmental powers. The Federation is in free association with the United States; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 3 November 1986.
Happy Jacks Dam
Happy Jacks Dam is a major ungated concrete gravity dam across the Tumut River in the Snowy Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia. The dam's main purpose is for the generation of hydro-power and is one of the sixteen major dams that comprise the Snowy Mountains Scheme, a vast hydroelectricity and irrigation complex constructed in south-east Australia between 1949 and 1974 and now run by Snowy Hydro.

The impounded reservoir is called the Happy Jacks Pondage. The dam wall is immediately downstream of the confluence of Happy Jacks Creek and the Tumut River.

Gravity dam
A gravity dam is a dam constructed from concrete or stone masonry and designed to hold back water by using only the weight of the material and its resistance against the foundation. Gravity dams are designed so that each section of the dam is stable and independent of any other dam section. (In contrast, sections of an arch dam are not independently stable, and instead rely on transmitting force through neighboring sections to the abutments, often anchored into canyon walls.)
Aftermath of the 2008 Mumbai attacks
In the aftermath of the 2008 Mumbai attacks, there were multiple and far-ranging events that were observed. Besides the immediate impact on the victims and their families, the attacks caused widespread anger among the Indian public, and condemnations from countries throughout the world.

The immediate impact was felt on Mumbai and Maharashtra state, and throughout urban India. There were also after-effects on the Indian government, centre-state relations within India, Indo-Pakistani relations, domestic impact within Pakistan, the United States's relationships with both countries, the US-led NATO war in Afghanistan, and on the global war on terror.
There was also impact on the region of Kashmir and this also led to the 2010 Kashmir Unrest.

High commissioner
High commissioner is the title of various high-ranking, special executive positions held by a commission of appointment.

The English term is also used to render various equivalent titles in other languages.
Gnocchi alla romana
Gnocchi alla romana is a typical dish of Roman cuisine.

They are prepared with gnocchi made of semolina, whole milk, butter, and Parmesan cheese, seasoned with salt and black pepper.

The dish is also present in the Piedmontese culinary tradition due to the presence of butter, which is a common ingredient in northern Italy.

Roman cuisine
Roman cuisine is the cooking traditions and practices of the Italian city of Rome. It features fresh, seasonal and simply-prepared ingredients from the Roman Campagna. These include peas, globe artichokes and fava beans, shellfish, milk-fed lamb and goat, and cheeses such as pecorino romano and ricotta. Olive oil is used mostly to dress raw vegetables, while strutto (pork lard) and fat from prosciutto are preferred for frying. The most popular sweets in Rome are small individual pastries called pasticcini, gelato and handmade chocolates and candies. Special dishes are often reserved for different days of the week; for example, gnocchi is eaten on Thursdays, baccalà (salted cod) on Fridays and trippa (offal) on Saturdays.
Siege of Tripoli (1271)
The 1271 siege of Tripoli was initiated by the Mamluk ruler Baibars against the Frankish ruler of the Principality of Antioch and the County of Tripoli, Bohemond VI.  It followed the dramatic fall of Antioch in 1268, and was an attempt by the Mamluks to completely destroy the Crusader states of Antioch and Tripoli.

Abaqa Khan
Abaqa Khan (27 February 1234 – 4 April 1282, Mongolian: Абаха/Абага хан (Khalkha Cyrillic), ᠠᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠᠬᠠᠨ (Traditional script), "paternal uncle", also transliterated Abaġa), was the second Mongol ruler (Ilkhan) of the Ilkhanate. The son of Hulagu Khan and Lady Yesünčin and the grandson of Tolui, he reigned from 1265 to 1282 and was succeeded by his brother Ahmed Tekuder. Much of Abaqa's reign was consumed with civil wars in the Mongol Empire, such as those between the Ilkhanate and the northern khanate of the Golden Horde, and the Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia. Abaqa also engaged in unsuccessful attempts at invading Syria under the Mamluk Sultanate, which included the Second Battle of Homs.
Aptosimum gossweileri
Aptosimum gossweileri is a species of flowering plant in the family Scrophulariaceae. It is a robust, glandular-pilose undershrub with long, procumbent, many-branched stems and thick, fleshy leaves that have a persistent midrib, which can form a straight, stout spine. The species is found in dry tropical and Southern Africa and is characterized by its axillary flowers that are typically clustered in pairs, with glandular-pubescent, blue to purple corollas.

Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family.  The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs.  Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial  (actinomorphic) symmetry.  The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains.  The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L.
Hans Dekker
Hans J. van Ommeren Dekker (born 18 January 1947 in Amsterdam, Netherlands) is a Dutch theoretical physicist in the line of Dirk Polder, Ralph Kronig, and Nico van Kampen. His scientific work inter alia involves laser theory, path integrals in curved spaces, nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, dissipation in quantum mechanics, and hydrodynamic turbulence. He was director of the Private Institute for Advanced Study in Amsterdam and is professor emeritus at the Institute for Theoretical Physics of the University of Amsterdam.

International Centre for Theoretical Physics
The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) is a research center for physical and mathematical sciences, located in Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy.

The center operates under a tripartite agreement between the Italian Government, UNESCO, and the International Atomic Energy Agency. It is located near the Miramare Park, about 10 kilometres from the downtown of Trieste, Italy. The centre was founded in 1964 by Pakistani Nobel Laureate Mohammad Abdus Salam.

ICTP is part of the Trieste System, a network of national and international scientific institutes in Trieste, promoted by the Italian physicist Paolo Budinich.
Tualatin Public Library
Tualatin Public Library is the library within Washington County Cooperative Library Services serving Tualatin, Oregon. In 2012, The Oregonian reported that nearly 200 volunteers contribute more than 1,000 hours to the library each month.

Tualatin, Oregon
Tualatin (/tuˈɔːlətɪn/ ⓘ too-AW-lə-tin) is a city located primarily in Washington County in the U.S. state of Oregon. A small portion of the city is also located in neighboring Clackamas County. It is a southwestern suburb in the Portland Metropolitan Area that is located south of Tigard. The population was 27,942 at the 2020 census.
Pyŏn Hyomun
Pyŏn Hyomun (1396–?) was a Korean civil minister (munsin) from the Chogye Pyŏn clan during the early period of Korean Joseon Dynasty. He briefly served as a diplomat and an ambassador, representing Joseon interests in the  Tongsinsa (diplomatic mission) to the Ashikaga shogunate (Muromachi bafuku) in Japan.

Chogye Byun clan
Chogye Pyone clan (Korean: 초계 변씨; Hanja: 草溪 卞氏) is one of the Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan is in Hapcheon County, South Gyeongsang Province. According to the research held in 2015, the number of Chogye Byun clan's member was 76045. The name of Byun clan came from the fact that Caoshu Zhenduo’s descendant who was a sixth son of King Wen in the Zhou dynasty was awarded the land named Pyŏne (Hanja: 卞). Pyŏne Wŏn (Hanja: 卞源) who worked as the minister of rites (禮部尚書, Lǐbu Shangshu),Public elite Officer hiring examination director during the Tang dynasty period in China was dispatched to Silla having Classic of Filial Piety as one of the Eight Scholars (Hanja: 八學士) in 743. Then, Pyŏne Chŏngsil, a descendant of Pyŏne Wŏn, became the Chogye Pyone clan's founder.