hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
GroundUp (news agency)
GroundUp is a South African-based not-for-profit news agency. It publishes most content related to education, health, sanitation, immigration and human rights stories under a creative commons license and is known for its focus on public interest stories within vulnerable communities with a "bottom-up" style of reporting. Their content is regularly reprinted and featured in other South African news publications such as the Daily Maverick, News24, and Mail & Guardian.

News24 (website)
News24 is an English-language South African news website created in October 1998 by the multinational media company, Naspers. Its team of approximately 100 journalists, led by editor-in-chief Adriaan Basson, is based in Cape Town, Johannesburg, Pretoria, Durban and Gqeberha. Its brands include Fin24, Sport24, Channel24, Health24, Arts24, Parent24, Wheels24, W24, Ride24 and Business Insider SA. News24 is owned by Media24, a South African media company, with interests in digital media and services, newspapers, magazines, e-commerce, book publishing, print and distribution. In August 2021, News24 launched a digital subscription service that offers premium investigative journalism, opinion, analysis and more to paying subscribers at R109 per month. It reached 100,000 subscribers in February 2024, becoming the largest subscription-led news website in Africa.
Torkampur
Torkampur (Persian: تركمپور, also Romanized as Torkampūr; also known as Torkambūr) is a village in Mehranrud-e Markazi Rural District, in the Central District of Bostanabad County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 408, in 90 families.

Mehranrud-e Markazi Rural District
Mehranrud-e Markazi Rural District (Persian: دهستان مهرانرود مرکزي) is in the Central District of Bostanabad County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Nowjeh Deh-e Sadat. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kord Kandi, now a city.
Sarah Clarke (cardiologist)
Sarah Catherine Clarke (born 1965) is a British consultant cardiologist and was the president of the Royal College of Physicians (RCP) of London between September 2022 and June 2024.

Born in 1965, Clarke studied medicine at Girton College, University of Cambridge. She completed a fellowship in interventional cardiology at Harvard University in 2001 and became a consultant cardiologist in 2002. Clarke was the president of the British Cardiovascular Society between 2015 and 2018.

Clarke resigned as RCP President in June 2024 following an expression of no confidence in her leadership, by over 80 fellows and five of the college's six senior officers, over her handling of the physician associates policy dispute.

Royal Papworth Hospital
Royal Papworth Hospital is a specialist heart and lung hospital, located on the Cambridge Biomedical Campus in Cambridgeshire, England. The hospital is run by Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.

The hospital is a world-leading cardiothoracic transplant centre and the biggest in the UK, having carried out more heart and lung transplants in 2019/20 than any other hospital. It is also home to the UK's biggest sleep centre, and is one of five hospitals commissioned by NHS England to provide Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) to adults with severe respiratory failure.
Chapel Ash
Chapel Ash is a small area in Wolverhampton surrounded by the City Centre, Whitmore Reans and Merridale.

The area is most noted for being the home of Marston's, where the Park Brewery produces the well-known Banks's range of ales

A41 road
The A41 is a trunk road between London and Birkenhead, England. Now in parts replaced by motorways, it passes through or near Watford, Kings Langley, Hemel Hempstead, Aylesbury, Bicester, Solihull, Birmingham, West Bromwich, Wolverhampton, Newport, Whitchurch, Chester and Ellesmere Port.

With the opening of the M40 extension in 1990 from junction 8, much of the route was downgraded. The sections between Bicester and the M42 near Solihull in the Midlands have been re-classified B4100, A4177 and A4141.
Ivan Ivanov (footballer, born 1988)
Ivan Kamenov Ivanov (Bulgarian: Иван Каменов Иванов; born 25 February 1988) is a Bulgarian former professional footballer who played as a centre-back and current manager of Etar.

He has been a member of the Bulgarian national team. In 2013, Ivanov was named the Bulgarian Footballer of the Year, becoming the first defender to win this award after Trifon Ivanov in 1996.

2008 Bulgarian Supercup
The 2008 Bulgarian Supercup was the sixth Bulgarian Supercup match, a football match which was contested between the A Group champion, CSKA Sofia, and the winner of Bulgarian Cup, Litex Lovech. The match was held on 3 August 2008 at the Vasil Levski National Stadium in Sofia, Bulgaria. CSKA beat Litex 1–0 to win their third Bulgarian Supercup.
John Moore (Manx poet)
John Moore was a Manx language poet, merchant seaman, and privateer during the American Revolutionary War. Originally from Camlork, in Braddan, Isle of Man, Moore later settled in Bride, where he owned an inn and pub. It was here that he came to be known as “John the Tiger” due to his often singing his song describing his role in as the cause of the privateer The Tiger.

Arthur William Moore
Arthur William Moore, CVO, SHK, JP, MA (6 February 1853 – 12 November 1909) was a Manx antiquarian, historian, linguist, folklorist, and former Speaker of the House of Keys in the Isle of Man. He published under the sobriquet A. W. Moore.
USS Kamehameha
USS Kamehameha (SSBN-642) was a Benjamin Franklin-class ballistic missile submarine and the only ship in the United States Navy to be named after Kamehameha I, the first King of Hawaii (c. 1758–1819). She is one of only two United States ships named after a monarch.a She was later reclassified as an attack submarine and re-designated SSN-642.

The ship's motto was Imua, which roughly translates from Hawaiian as "go forth and conquer." Another motto used by her crew was Kam do, a play on the phrase "can do."

UGM-73 Poseidon
The UGM-73 Poseidon missile was the second US Navy nuclear-armed submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) system, powered by a two-stage solid-fuel rocket. It succeeded the UGM-27 Polaris beginning in 1972, bringing major advances in warheads and accuracy. It was followed by Trident I in 1979, and Trident II in 1990.
Dunne v Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government
Dunne v Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government, [2007] IESC 60; [2008] 2 IR 775, is an Irish Supreme Court case concerning costs in public interest challenges. The Court allowed an appeal against the order for costs made in the High Court and also granted costs against the appellant for the unsuccessful appeal to the Supreme Court.

High Court (Ireland)
The High Court (Irish: An Ard-Chúirt) of Ireland is a court which deals at first instance with the most serious and important civil and criminal cases. When sitting as a criminal court it is called the Central Criminal Court and sits with judge and jury. It also acts as a court of appeal for civil cases in the Circuit Court. It also has the power to determine whether or not a law is constitutional, and of judicial review over acts of the government and other public bodies.
Hepatoduodenal ligament
The hepatoduodenal ligament is the portion of the lesser omentum extending between the porta hepatis of the liver and the superior part of the duodenum.

Running inside it are the following structures collectively known as the portal triad:

hepatic artery proper

portal vein

common bile duct

Manual compression of the hepatoduodenal ligament during surgery is known as the Pringle manoeuvre.

The cystoduodenal ligament is also found in the lesser omentum and is distinct from both the hepatoduodenal and hepatogastric ligaments. The cystoduodenal ligament is an abnormal peritoneal fold that attaches the duodenum to the gallbladder, representing a rare variation in the anatomy of the lesser sac and its foramen.

Another variation sometimes present at the duodenal termination of the hepatoduodenal ligament is the duodenorenal ligament which passes to the front of the right kidney.

Hepatogastric ligament
The hepatogastric ligament or gastrohepatic ligament connects the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach.  It contains the right and the left gastric arteries.  In the abdominal cavity, it separates the greater and lesser sacs on the right.  It is sometimes cut during surgery in order to access the lesser sac. The hepatogastric ligament consists of a dense cranial portion and the caudal portion termed the pars flaccida.
Canes Venatici in Chinese astronomy
According to traditional Chinese uranography, the modern constellation  Canes Venatici is located in Three Enclosures (三垣, Sān Yuán)

The name of the western constellation in modern Chinese is 獵犬座 (liè quǎn zuò), meaning "the hound constellation".

Canes Venatici
Canes Venatici (/ˈkeɪniːz vɪˈnætɪsaɪ/ KAY-neez vin-AT-iss-eye) is one of the 88 constellations designated by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). It is a small northern constellation that was created by Johannes Hevelius in the 17th century. Its name is Latin for 'hunting dogs', and the constellation is often depicted in illustrations as representing the dogs of Boötes the Herdsman, a neighboring constellation.

Cor Caroli is the constellation's brightest star, with an apparent magnitude of 2.9. La Superba (Y CVn) is one of the reddest naked-eye stars and one of the brightest carbon stars. The Whirlpool Galaxy is a spiral galaxy tilted face-on to observers on Earth, and was the first galaxy whose spiral nature was discerned. In addition, quasar TON 618 is one of the most massive black holes with the mass of 66 billion solar masses.
Final Resolution (2007)
The 2007 Final Resolution was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), which took place on January 14, 2007, at the TNA Impact! Zone in Orlando, Florida. It was the third event under the Final Resolution chronology.

Nine matches were contested at the event, with two being taped as dark matches. In the main event, Christian Cage defeated Sting and Abyss to retain the TNA World Heavyweight Championship. In other prominent matches, Kurt Angle defeated Samoa Joe 3–2 in an Iron man match, Chris Sabin defeated Christopher Daniels and Jerry Lynn to win the Impact X Division Championship and in the opening contest, Rhino defeated AJ Styles in a Last Man Standing match.

The pay-per-view had a buy rate of 35,000. In October 2017, with the launch of the Global Wrestling Network, the event became available to stream on demand.

Pin (professional wrestling)
In professional wrestling, a pin is a move where a wrestler holds an opponent's shoulders to the mat in an attempt to score a fall. A pinfall is a common victory condition, where the attacker pins an opponent and the referee makes a three count before the opponent gets released from the pin.
Reduviidae
The Reduviidae is a large cosmopolitan family of the suborder Heteroptera of the order Hemiptera (true bugs). Among the Hemiptera and together with the Nabidae almost all species are terrestrial ambush predators; most other predatory Hemiptera are aquatic. The main examples of non-predatory Reduviidae are some blood-sucking ectoparasites in the subfamily Triatominae, with a few species from South America noted for their ability to transmit Chagas disease. Though spectacular exceptions are known, most members of the family are fairly easily recognizable: they have a relatively narrow neck, sturdy build, and formidable curved proboscis (sometimes called a rostrum). Large specimens should be handled with caution, if at all, because they sometimes defend themselves with a very painful stab from the proboscis.

Nabidae
The insect family Nabidae contains the damsel bugs. There are over 500 species in 20 genera. They are soft-bodied, elongate, winged terrestrial predators. Many damsel bugs catch and hold prey with their forelegs, similar to mantids. They are considered helpful species in agriculture because of their predation on many types of crop pests.

Damsel bugs of the genus Nabis are the most common. They and other genera are most numerous in fields of legumes such as alfalfa, but they can be found in many other crops and in non-cultivated areas. They are yellow to tan in color and have large, bulbous eyes and stiltlike legs. They are generalist predators, catching almost any insect smaller than themselves, and cannibalizing each other when no other food is available. Several species have bitten humans. Members of the subfamily Prostemmatinae reproduce by traumatic insemination.
Djadochta Formation
The Djadochta formation (sometimes transcribed and also known as Djadokhta, Djadokata, or Dzhadokhtskaya) is a highly fossiliferous geological formation in Central Asia, Gobi Desert, dating from the Late Cretaceous period, during the Campanian to the Maastrichtian. The type locality is the Bayn Dzak locality, famously known as the Flaming Cliffs. Reptile (including dinosaur) and mammal remains are among the fossils recovered from the formation.

Aeolian processes
Aeolian processes, also spelled eoulian, pertain to wind activity in the study of geology and weather and specifically to the wind's ability to shape the surface of the Earth (or other planets).  Winds may erode, transport, and deposit materials. They are effective agents in regions with sparse vegetation, a lack of soil moisture and a large supply of unconsolidated sediments. Although water is a much more powerful eroding force than wind, aeolian processes are important in arid environments such as deserts.

The term is derived from the name of the Greek god Aeolus, the keeper of the winds.
Gingival and periodontal pocket
In dental anatomy, the gingival and periodontal pockets (also informally referred to as gum pockets) are dental terms indicating the presence of an abnormal depth of the gingival sulcus near the point at which the gingival (gum) tissue contacts the tooth.

Gingival fibers
In dental anatomy, the gingival fibers are the connective tissue fibers that inhabit the gingival tissue (gums) adjacent to teeth and help hold the tissue firmly against the teeth.  They are primarily composed of type I collagen, although type III fibers are also involved.

These fibers, unlike the fibers of the periodontal ligament, in general, attach the tooth to the gingival tissue, rather than the tooth to the alveolar bone.
Whittier Bridge
The Whittier Bridge is a historic wooden covered bridge in Ossipee, New Hampshire. The bridge carried an old alignment of New Hampshire Route 25 (now Nudd Road and Old Covered Bridge Road) over the Bearcamp River. Built in 1870, it is one of New Hampshire's few surviving 19th-century covered bridges, and a rare example of a Paddleford truss. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It was closed to vehicular traffic in 1989, and was removed from its footings for restoration in 2008. As of September 2019, the bridge is resting on Nudd Road adjacent to the crossing point. It was placed back on its abutments in the late fall of 2022.

Ossipee, New Hampshire
Ossipee is a town in Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,372 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Carroll County. Ossipee, which includes several villages, is a resort area and home to part of Pine River State Forest.
United Provinces of Agra and Oudh
The United Provinces of Agra and Oudh was a province of India under the British Raj, which existed from 22 March 1902 to 1937; the official name was shortened by the Government of India Act 1935 to United Provinces (UP), by which the province had been commonly known, and by which name it was also a province of independent India until 1950.

It corresponded approximately to the present-day Indian states of Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Uttarakhand. Allahabad served as the administrative headquarters and the capital of the province. Two years after the annexation of Oudh State in 1856, i.e. after 1858 and until 1902, the region had existed as North-Western Provinces and Oudh, Oudh being a Chief Commissionership.

Lucknow became its capital some time after 1921. Nainital was the summer capital of the province.

Rampur State
Rampur State was a 15 gun-salute princely state of British India. Following the Rohilla defeat in the First Rohilla War, the British would establish the state, and install Faizullah Khan as its first Nawab. The state's capital was Rampur, and its total area was 945 sq miles.

Following independence in 1947, Rampur State acceded to India. It was merged into the United Provinces, which would later become Uttar Pradesh.
Zoom Cat Lawyer
Zoom Cat Lawyer is an Internet meme that emerged in February 2021 when attorney Rod Ponton struggled to disable a cat filter on the video conferencing application Zoom during a civil forfeiture hearing in Texas' 394th Judicial District Court. The attorney's face was digitally altered to look like a gray cat, making it appear as though a cat was participating in a judicial hearing.

Zoom (software)
Zoom Workplace (commonly known and stylized as  zoom) is a proprietary videotelephony software program developed by Zoom Communications. The free plan allows up to 100 concurrent participants, with a 40-minute time restriction. Users have the option to upgrade by subscribing to a paid plan, the highest of which supports up to 1,000 concurrent participants for meetings lasting up to 30 hours.
Fly Fishers International
Fly Fishers International (FFI) is an international 501(c)(3) non-profit organization headquartered in Livingston, Montana. It was founded in 1964 and formalized a year later in 1965. FFI is an organized voice for fly fishers around the world; they represent aspects of fly fishing, which include the art of fly tying, casting, and protection of the natural systems that support healthy fisheries and their habitats.

Arnold Gingrich
Arnold W. Gingrich (December 5, 1903 – July 9, 1976) was the editor of, and, along with publisher David A. Smart and Henry L. Jackson, co-founder of Esquire magazine. Among his other projects was the political/newsmagazine Ken.
Thomas Pattenson
Thomas Pattenson was an English priest in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.

Pattenson was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1568 he became a Fellow at Christ's College, Cambridge. He was incorporated at Oxford University in 1577. Pattenson was the archdeacon of Chichester from 1603 until his death in 1607.

Archdeacon of Chichester
The post of Archdeacon of Chichester was created in the 12th century, although the Diocese of Sussex was founded by St Wilfrid, the exiled Bishop of York, in AD 681. The original location of the see was in Selsey. The see was 
moved to Chichester, in about 1075, by decree of the Synod of London.

The current archdeacon is Tom Carpenter, since September 2025.
2008 Ukrainian Amateur Cup
The 2008 Ukrainian Amateur Cup was the thirteenth annual season of Ukraine's football knockout competition for amateur football teams. The competition started on 6 August 2008 and concluded on 8 November 2008.

The cup holders FC Yednist-2 Plysky were defeated by FC Irpin Horenychi at quarterfinals.

2008 Ukrainian Football Amateur League
Following are the results of the Ukrainian Football Amateur League 2008 season.  Participation is restricted to the regional (Oblast) champions and/or the most regarded team by the respective regional association.

This season competition consisted of two stages. The first stage was organized in regional principal and was played in two rounds where each team could play another at its home ground. On the first stage each group winners and the best runner-up advanced to the next part of the competition automatically, the other four runners-up were paired together to identify two more teams that were to advance. Sokil Zolochiv that won the play-off and was accepted for the finals at the end was not able to arrive to play. The second stage and the concluding was played in Chernivtsi where the teams were split in two groups and the first places were advancing to the final.
Gratian Anda
Gratian Dietrich Bela Anda colloquially Gratian Anda (born 1969) is a Swiss business magnate and industrial heir who is currently the controlling shareholder of IHAG. He also holds participations in companies such as Barilla, Pilatus Aircraft and hospitality ventures (Widder and Storchen Hotels in Zürich). Anda is also a member of the board of trustees of Foundation E.G. Bührle. Bilanz estimated the net worth of the Anda-Bührle family at CHF 800m+ (2023).

Barilla (company)
Barilla Group is an Italian multinational food company founded in 1877. It is the world's largest pasta producer. The company operates 30 production sites, half of which are located in Italy and half internationally.
Lieu de mémoire
A lieu de mémoire (French for "site of memory" or memory space) is a physical place or object which acts as container of memory. They are thus a form of memorialisation related to collective memory, stating that certain places, objects or events can have special significance related to group's remembrance. It is a term used in heritage and collective memory studies popularised by the French historian Pierre Nora in his three-volume collection Les Lieux de Mémoire (published in part in English translation as Realms of Memory). Nora describes them as “complex things. At once natural and artificial, simple and ambiguous, concrete and abstract, they are lieux—places, sites, causes—in three senses—material, symbolic and functional”.

Memory studies
Memory studies is an academic field studying the use of memory as a tool for remembering the past. It emerged as a new and different way for scholars to think about past events at the end of the 20th century. Memory is the past made present and is a contemporary phenomenon, something that, while concerned with the past, happens in the present; and second, that memory is a form of work, working through, labor, or action.
United States at the 2022 Winter Paralympics
The United States competed at the 2022 Winter Paralympics in Beijing, China which took place between 4–13 March 2022. In total, 65 athletes competed in six sports. It was the second largest delegation at the Games after the host China. Para ice hockey is represented by the most athletes, with 17.

Julie Dussliere served as the team's Chef de Mission. Tyler Carter and Danelle Umstead served as flag bearers during the opening ceremony. Keith Gabel was the flag bearer during the closing ceremony.

China at the 2022 Winter Paralympics
China competed as the host nation of the 2022 Winter Paralympics in Beijing, China that took place between 4–13 March 2022. In total, 96 athletes were initially expected to compete.
The total competition places that the Chinese delegation achieved is 116.
It is the largest delegation to compete at the Games.

China topped the medal table for the first time, becoming the first Asian country to top the medal count with more gold medals, more silver medals, more bronze medals, and more medals overall than any other nation. China also broke the record for the most gold medals, the most silvers medals, the most bronze medals and the most medal overall won by Asian countries at a single Winter Paralympics.
2006 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 800 metre freestyle
The men's 800 metre freestyle competition at the 2006 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 17 at the Saanich Commonwealth Place. The last champion was Grant Hackett of Australia.

This event was a timed-final where each swimmer swam just once. The top 8 seeded swimmers swam in the evening, and the remaining swimmers swam in the morning session.

2002 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 800 metre freestyle
The men's 800 metre freestyle competition at the 2002 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 25 at the Yokohama International Swimming Pool.  The last champion was Grant Hackett of Australia, in 1997. This event was not held in 1999.

This event was a timed-final where each swimmer swam just once.