hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sublinear function
In linear algebra, a sublinear function (or functional as is more often used in functional analysis), also called a quasi-seminorm, on a vector space is a real-valued function with some of the properties of a seminorm. Unlike seminorms, a sublinear function does not have to be nonnegative-valued and also does not have to be absolutely homogeneous. Seminorms are themselves abstractions of the more well known notion of norms, where a seminorm has all the defining properties of a norm except that it is not required to map non-zero vectors to non-zero values.

In functional analysis the name Banach functional is sometimes used, reflecting that they are most commonly used when applying a general formulation of the Hahn–Banach theorem. 
The notion of a sublinear function was introduced by Stefan Banach when he proved the Hahn-Banach theorem.

There is also a different notion in computer science, described below, that also goes by the name "sublinear function."

Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as

linear maps such as

and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.

Linear algebra is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, linear algebra is fundamental in modern presentations of geometry, including for defining basic objects such as lines, planes and rotations. Also, functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, may be viewed as the application of linear algebra to function spaces.

Linear algebra is also used in most sciences and fields of engineering because it allows modeling many natural phenomena, and computing efficiently with such models. For nonlinear systems, which cannot be modeled with linear algebra, it is often used for dealing with first-order approximations, using the fact that the differential of a multivariate function at a point is the linear map that best approximates the function near that point.
Steinschartenkopf
The Steinschartenkopf is a rocky peak, 2,615 m, in the Hochlicht range in the Allgäu Alps. It is located between the Wilder Mann to the north and the Hohes Licht to the south and is the sixth highest summit in the Allgäu Alps. The popular Heilbronn Way (Heilbronner Weg) runs over the summit.

Allgäu Alps
The Allgäu Alps (German: Allgäuer Alpen) are a mountain range in the Northern Limestone Alps, located on the Austria–Germany border, which covers parts of the German states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg and the Austrian states of Tyrol and Vorarlberg. The range lies directly east of Lake Constance.
Eidetic reduction
Eidetic reduction is a technique in the study of essences in Edmund Husserl's phenomenology whose goal is to identify the basic components of phenomena. Eidetic reduction requires that a phenomenologist examine the essence of a mental object, be it a simple mental act, or the unity of consciousness itself, with the intention of drawing out the absolutely necessary and invariable components that make the mental object what it is. This is achieved by the method known as eidetic variation. It involves imagining an object of the kind under investigation and varying its features. The changed feature is inessential to this kind if the object can survive its change, otherwise it belongs to the kind's essence.

Phenomenon
A phenomenon  (pl. phenomena), sometimes spelled phaenomenon, is an observable event. The term came into its modern philosophical usage through Immanuel Kant, who contrasted it with the noumenon, which cannot be directly observed. Kant was heavily influenced by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in this part of his philosophy, in which phenomenon and noumenon serve as interrelated technical terms. Far predating this, the ancient Greek Pyrrhonist philosopher Sextus Empiricus also used phenomenon and noumenon as interrelated technical terms.
The Phenix Horns
The Phenix Horns, originally known as the EWF Horns, were the main horn section for the band Earth, Wind & Fire. The horn section was composed of Don Myrick on saxophone, Louis "Lui Lui" Satterfield on trombone, Rahmlee Michael Davis on trumpet, Michael Harris on trumpet and Harry Kim on trumpet.

The Phenix Horns are also known for their work with Phil Collins and the band Genesis. They have also performed with other artists, such as the Chi-Lites, Ramsey Lewis, Deniece Williams and the Emotions.

The horn section should not be confused with the Earth, Wind & Fire Horns, which were established in 1987.

Serious Hits... Live!
Serious Hits… Live! is the name of Phil Collins' 1990 live album, released on vinyl, cassette and CD. It is also the title of the 2003 DVD video release of his concert at Berlin's Waldbühne on 15 July 1990. (The original 1990 VHS and Laserdisc version of the video was titled Seriously Live.) The songs on the CD version are taken from various concerts during the Seriously, Live! World Tour. At the Brit Awards in 1992, the album brought Collins a nomination for British Male Artist.

Two singles were released from this album, being "Do You Remember?" and "Who Said I Would", a song originally released for his third studio album No Jacket Required.
2025 Miami Marlins season
The 2025 Miami Marlins season was the 33rd season for the Major League Baseball (MLB) franchise in the National League. The Marlins played their home games at LoanDepot Park as members of the National League East Division. In their first year under manager Clayton McCullough, the Marlins improved on their 62–100 record from 2024, going 79-83 and finishing third in the NL East.

On September 25, the Marlins were eliminated from playoff contention for their second consecutive season after a 0–1 loss to the Philadelphia Phillies.

For the third time in franchise history, the Marlins eliminated the New York Mets from playoff contention on the final day of the regular season, which allowed the Cincinnati Reds to clinch the final playoff spot instead.

Clayton McCullough
Clayton Anthony McCullough (born December 27, 1979) is an American former professional baseball catcher and coach who currently serves as the manager for the Miami Marlins of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously served as a first base coach for the Los Angeles Dodgers.
Johnny Góes
Johnny Monteiro Góes (born 27 March 2007), known as Johnny Góes or just Johnny, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as either a centre-back or a left-back for Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Flamengo.

2025 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A
The 2025 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A (officially the Brasileirão Betano 2025 for sponsorship reasons) was the 69th season of the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, the top level of professional football in Brazil, and the 23rd edition in a double round-robin since its establishment in 2003. The competition began on 29 March and ended on 7 December 2025.

Flamengo were the champions, clinching their ninth league title on the penultimate matchday of the season after defeating Ceará 1–0 on 3 December 2025. The top six teams as well as the 2025 Copa do Brasil champions qualified for the Copa Libertadores. Meanwhile, the next six best-placed teams not qualified for Copa Libertadores qualified for the Copa Sudamericana, and the last four were relegated to Série B for 2026.

Botafogo were the defending champions, having won their third title in the previous season.
Archer Maclean
Archer Donald Maclean (28 January 1962 – 17 December 2022) was a British video game programmer. He was the author of Dropzone which he developed for the Atari 8-bit computers and was ported to other systems. Maclean also developed the Commodore 64 version of International Karate and the sequel, IK+ which was developed for the Commodore 64 and ported to other systems. He was also known for his series of snooker and pool games, which commenced with Jimmy White's Whirlwind Snooker in 1991 (originally called 147).

Maclean left Awesome Studios—the studio he helped found and establish—in July 2005 and ran Awesome Play.

Maclean died on 17 December 2022, at the age of 60.

Porting
In software development, porting is the process of adapting software to run in a different context. Often it involves modifying source code so that a program can run on a different platform (i.e. on a different CPU or operating system) or in a different environment (i.e. with a different library or framework). It also describes adapting a change or feature from one codebase to another – even between different versions of the same software.

Software is classified as portable if it can be hosted in a different context with no change to the source code. It might be considered portable if the cost of adapting it to a context is significantly less than the cost of writing it from scratch. The lower the cost of porting relative to the cost to re-write, the more portable it is said to be. The effort depends on several factors including the extent to which the original context differs from the new context, the skill of the programmers, and the portability of the codebase.
Chapel of the Most Holy Trinity (West Point)
The Chapel of the Most Holy Trinity at the United States Military Academy is a Catholic church and place of worship for many members of the United States Military Academy Corps of Cadets. Completed in 1900, it is the oldest chapel on the West Point campus in continual use, although the 1836 Old Cadet Chapel, moved in 1910 to West Point Cemetery, is still in use for funeral services and weekly Lutheran denominational services. Most Holy Trinity Chapel was expanded in 1959.

West Point Cemetery
West Point Cemetery is a historic cemetery on the grounds of the United States Military Academy in West Point, New York. It overlooks the Hudson River, and served as a burial ground for Continental Army soldiers during the American Revolutionary War, and for early West Point residents prior to its designation as a military cemetery in 1817.

Northwest of the cadet area, it was known as "German Flats" before its formal designation as the official cemetery in 1817. Until that time several small burial plots scattered in mid-post also served as places of interment. The graves from these plots and the remains subsequently found during building excavations were removed to the new site.

An improved road to the cemetery was constructed in 1840, and the caretaker's cottage was erected in 1872. The cemetery is home to several monuments, including the Dade Monument, Cadet Monument, Custer Monument, Wood's Monument, and Margaret Corbin Monument.
Lincoln Courier
The Lincoln Courier is the only local daily newspaper for Lincoln, Illinois, and its surrounding circulation area, which includes Logan County. The newspaper is owned by USA Today Co. Founded in 1889, the Courier traces its history back to 1855-1856 through one of the newspapers it acquired, the Lincoln Weekly Herald.

Founded as the Lincoln Daily Courier in 1889, the newspaper through the years absorbed several other dailies based in Lincoln, such as the Daily Star (founded c. 1911 as The Lincoln Morning Star) and The Daily News-Herald, which itself dated back to The Daily News (October 20, 1890 (1890-10-20)} and The Lincoln Weekly Herald (c. 1855).  Like other businesses founded in Lincoln, Illinois, the Lincoln Weekly Herald was one of the first firms named in honor of then-future President Abraham Lincoln.

Lincoln, Illinois
Lincoln is a city in and the county seat of Logan County, Illinois, United States. First settled in the 1830s, it is the only town in the U.S. that was named for Abraham Lincoln before he became president; as a lawyer, he pled cases in courtrooms there from 1847 to 1859. Lincoln is home to two prisons. It is also the home of the world's largest covered wagon and numerous other historical sites along the Route 66 corridor. There is also a National Weather Service Forecast Office in Lincoln.

The population was 13,288 at the 2020 census.
1997 All-Ireland Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1997 All-Ireland Intermediate Hurling Championship  was the 14th staging of the All-Ireland Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1961. It was the first championship to be staged in 24 years. The championship ran from 25 May to 11 October 1997.

The All-Ireland final was played at the Gaelic Grounds in Limerick on 11 October 1997 between Cork and Galway, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Cork won the match by 2-11 to 1-12 to claim a second All-Ireland title overall and a first title in 32 years.

Kilenny's Ollie O'Connor was the championship's top scorer with 4-26.

1961 All-Ireland Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1961 All-Ireland Intermediate Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the All-Ireland Intermediate Hurling Championship. The championship ran from 2 April to 17 September 1961.

The All-Ireland final was played at Wexford Park on 17 September 1961 between Wexford and London, in what was their first ever championship meeting. Wexford won the match by 3-15 to 4-04 to claim their first ever All-Ireland title.

Wexford's Johnny Walsh was the championship's top scorer with 5-18.
Grain storage structures in Western Australia
Grain storage structures are grain silos spread around Western Australia, primarily in the wheatbelt region, at grain receival locations

They are linked with the wheatbelt railway lines of Western Australia and the transport of grain for export by the CBH Group to ports at Bunbury, Esperance, Fremantle, Geraldton and Kwinana.

CBH Group
The CBH Group – commonly known as CBH, an acronym for Co-operative Bulk Handling – is an organisation that operates the vast majority of cereal grain receival points in Western Australia (WA). A cooperative owned by farmers, CBH also stores, transports, processes and markets grain from throughout the Wheatbelt region of WA.
Gabriel Benítez
Gabriel Benítez (born June 15, 1988) is a Mexican mixed martial artist. He was a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter: Latin America 1,  and competed in the Featherweight and Lightweight divisions of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).

Featherweight (MMA)
The featherweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's featherweight division, which groups competitors within 136–145 lb (61.7-65.8 kg)

The Shooto's featherweight division, which limits competitors to 135 lb (61.2 kg)

The ONE Championship's featherweight division, with upper limit at 70.3 kg (155.0 lb)

The Road FC's featherweight division, with upper limit at 145 lb (65.5 kg)
Gethin Davies
Gethin Davies (18 September 1846 – 17 March 1896) was a Welsh Baptist minister and college principal. He was born in Aberdulais; his parents were Joseph and Catherine Davies of Glamorganshire. Gethin attended Havod British school, and served a five-year pupil-teacher apprenticeship there. In 1864 he moved to study at Graig House Academy, Swansea, and from there, in 1866, to Bristol Baptist College.

In 1872 he was appointed to the post of Classical Tutor at Llangollen Baptist College, and thence devoted himself to the task of assisting the weaker churches, and strengthening the position of the Baptist denomination in North Wales. He was also instrumental in the relocation of the Baptist College from Llangollen to Bangor (effected in 1892).

His written works (as ‘Gethin Dulais’) include contributions of verse to Welsh periodicals, and a number of Welsh hymns.

He died in London in 1896, aged 49, of cancer.

Llangollen
Llangollen (Welsh: [ɬaŋˈɡɔɬɛn] ⓘ) is a town and community, situated on the River Dee, in Denbighshire, Wales. Its riverside location forms the edge of the Berwyn range, and the Dee Valley section of the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, with the easternmost point of the Dee Valley Way being within the town. At the 2021 census the community had a population of 3,603.
Ford Fiesta (sixth generation)
The Ford Fiesta Mk6/Mark VI (Mk7 in the United Kingdom, model code WS/WT/WZ in Australia) is the sixth generation of the Ford Fiesta supermini. The sixth generation Fiesta was shown in a concept car form as the Ford Verve at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September 2007, with introductions in Europe, the Americas, Asia, Australasia, and Africa. Developed under the project code B299 and B409, the model uses the Ford global B-car platform newly developed for the model.

The model was launched under the company's new "One Ford" strategy, which called for single models to be manufactured and sold globally to achieve efficiency and economies of scale, instead of making regional models. Production started at Ford's Cologne plant in Germany in August 2008. A second plant in Valencia, Spain started production in early 2009. Productions in China, Thailand and Mexico started between late 2008 to 2010. In Brazil, the production of the hatchback version started in 2013.

LA Auto Show
The Los Angeles Auto Show, also known as the LA Auto Show, is an auto show held annually at the Los Angeles Convention Center in Los Angeles, California, United States. It is open to the public for ten days, filling 760,000 square feet (71,000 m2) of exhibit space. Since 2006 the event is held in November or December.

The LA Auto Show is an OICA sanctioned international exhibition.  It is one of the four major auto shows in North America together with Detroit, Chicago and New York.

The show begins with AutoMobility LA,  a several day press showing.
Pyeonyuk
Pyeonyuk (Korean: 편육; Hanja: 片肉) is a traditional Korean dish, which consists of thinly sliced meat that has been boiled and pressed. Either beef or pork may be used to make the dish.

It is eaten as anju (an accompaniment to alcoholic drinks), or used as a topping for other dishes such as naengmyeon (cold noodles) and seolleongtang (ox bone soup). In the past, pyeonyuk was made during the preparation of a large amount of beef stock or broth for various dishes served during feasts and banquets. Today, it is also used in non-traditional dishes, such as a cold cut in wrap sandwiches, and is considered to be a healthier alternative to deep-fried, stir-fried, or roasted meat.

Korean radish
Mu (Korean: 무) or Korean radish is a variety of white radish with a firm crunchy texture.

Although mu is also a generic term for radishes in Korean, the word is usually used in its narrow sense, referring to the white radish, or more specifically Korean radish (조선무, Joseon-mu). Korean radishes are generally short, stout, and sturdy, and have a pale green shade halfway down from the top. They also have a strong flavour, dense flesh and soft leaves. The greens of Korean radishes are called mucheong (무청) and are used as a vegetable in various dishes.
Kamloops Rockets
The Kamloops Rockets were a Tier II Junior "A" ice hockey team from Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada. They were a part of the British Columbia Junior Hockey League.

Kamloops Jr. Rockets 1961 - 1964

Kamloops Kraft Kings 1964 - 1967

Kamloops Rockets 1967 - 1973

Kamloops Braves 1976 - 1977

Kamloops Chiefs 1977 - 1978

Kamloops Rockets 1978 - 1979

Revelstoke Bruins/Rockets 1979 - 1980

Kamloops Blazers
The Kamloops Blazers are a Canadian major junior ice hockey team based in Kamloops, British Columbia. The team plays in the B.C. Division of the Western Hockey League's Western Conference and plays its home games at the Sandman Centre. The Blazers originated as the Estevan Bruins in 1966, became the New Westminster Bruins in 1971, and relocated to Kamloops in 1981 as the Kamloops Junior Oilers. After moving to Kamloops, the Blazers became the WHL's most successful club, winning a record six President's Cups, a record seven Scotty Munro Memorial Trophies, and three Memorial Cup titles, all between 1983 and 1995.
Cackleshaw
Cackleshaw is a hamlet in West Yorkshire, England. It is located about one-third of a mile (0.5 km) east of Oakworth in the Worth Valley area of the City of Bradford. The name of the hamlet has been recorded historically as Cackeleshawe, Cackelshay, Cackwelshey and Cockleshaw. This derives from the Old English of kakele (a cackler, or a nickname) and Sceagh, which means copse.

Historically, the main occupation in the hamlet was farming, with much of the land tenanted from the Duke of Devonshire's estate.

Cackleshaw is on the 11-mile (18 km) circular Worth Way walk which starts and ends in Keighley. The walk follows the river and railway first up, then down the Worth Valley.

Keighley
Keighley (/ˈkiːθli/ ⓘ KEETH-lee) is a market town and a civil parish
in the City of Bradford Borough of West Yorkshire, England. It is the second-largest settlement in the borough, after Bradford.

Keighley is 8 miles (13 kilometres) north-west of Bradford, 4 mi (6.5 km) north-west of Bingley, 11 mi (18 km) north of Halifax and 8 mi (13 km) south-east of Skipton. It is governed by Keighley Town Council and Bradford City Council. Keighley is in West Yorkshire, close to the borders of North Yorkshire and Lancashire. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, it lies between Airedale and Keighley Moors. At the 2011 census, Keighley had a population of 56,348.
Ch'ulla Rinri
Ch'ulla Rinri (Quechua ch'ulla unequal, rinri ear, "unequal ear", Hispanicized spelling Chullarinri) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,950 m (16,240 ft) high. It is located in the Puno Region, Lampa Province, Ocuviri District, and in the Melgar Province, Ayaviri District. Ch'ulla Rinri lies northwest of Achuqallani and north of Warmi Sayana.

The P'allqamayu originates southeast of the mountain. It flows to the north.

Achucallani (Puno)
Achucallani  or Achuqallani (Aymara achuqalla weasel, -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with a weasel (or weasels)", Hispanicized spelling Achoccallane) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 m (16,000 ft) high. It is located in the Puno Region, Melgar Province, Ayaviri District.
Briarwood, Saskatoon
Briarwood is a residential neighbourhood located in the southeast part of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.  The majority of its residents live in low-density, single detached dwellings. As of 2009, the area is home to 4,473 residents. The neighbourhood is considered a very high-income area, with an average family income of $117,619, an average dwelling value of $449,158 and a home ownership rate of 97.0%.

Lakeridge, Saskatoon
Lakeridge is a residential neighbourhood located in the southeast part of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Almost all of its residents live in low-density, single detached houses. As of 2009, the area is home to 4,051 residents. The neighbourhood is considered an upper-income area, with an average family income of $127,698, an average dwelling value of $357,024 and a home ownership rate of 98.8%.
Sarasambo
Sarasambo is a municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Taolanaro, which is a part of Anosy Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 9,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 65% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 5% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are peanuts and cassava. Services provide employment for 5% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 25% of the population.

This municipality is located at approx. 30km west from Fort Dauphin in the Lavasoa-Ambatotsirongorongo Mountains.

Fort-Dauphin (Madagascar)
Fort-Dauphin (Malagasy Tolagnaro or Taolagnaro) is a city (commune urbaine) on the southeast coast of Madagascar. It is the capital of the Anosy Region and of the Taolagnaro District. It has been a port of local importance since the early 1500s. A new port, the Ehoala Port was built in 2006–2009. Fort-Dauphin was the first French settlement in Madagascar.