hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Utu (Māori concept)
Utu is a Māori concept of reciprocation or balance.

To retain mana, both friendly and unfriendly actions require an appropriate response; that is, utu covers both the reciprocation of kind deeds, and the seeking of revenge.

Utu is one of the key principles of the constitutional tradition of Māori along with whanaungatanga (the centrality of relationships), mana and tapu/noa (the recognition of the spiritual dimension). Along with equivalent traditions in other Indigenous communities, it has also been cited as an influence in attempts to introduce restorative justice into the criminal justice systems both in New Zealand and elsewhere.

Utu can also be used about monetary repayments, paying or repaying.

Mana (Oceanic cultures)
In Melanesian and Polynesian cultures, mana is a supernatural force that permeates the universe. Anyone or anything can have mana. They believed it to be a cultivation or possession of energy and power, rather than being a source of power. It is an intentional force.

Mana has been discussed mostly in relation to cultures of Polynesia, but also of Melanesia, notably the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu.

In the 19th century, scholars compared mana to similar concepts such as the orenda of the Iroquois Indians and theorized that mana was a universal phenomenon that explained the origin of religions. However, subsequent scholarship has dismissed this theory; many parallels previously drawn in this regard have been deemed specious.
Jubail Island
Jubail Island, also known as Al Jubail Island, is a waterfront master-planned residential development located in the Abu Dhabi Central Capital District. Situated between Yas Island and Saadiyat Island, the project spans approximately 4,000 to 5,000 hectares of natural mangrove forests and coastal estuaries. Developed by the Jubail Island Investment Company (JIIC), a subsidiary of LEAD Development, Jubail Island was officially announced in 2019 as part of the Abu Dhabi government's Abu Dhabi Vision 2030 initiative.

Saadiyat Island
Saadiyat Island (Arabic: جزيرة السعديات; jazīrat as-saʿdiyyāt, for "Island of Happiness") is a natural island and a tourism-cultural environmentally friendly project for Emirati heritage and culture that is located in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The project is located in a large, low-lying island, 500 metres (1,600 ft) off the coast of Abu Dhabi island. A mixed commercial, residential, and leisure project is currently under construction on the island. When completed, Saadiyat Island is expected to become Abu Dhabi's cultural centre, mostly for the Island's Cultural District that is expected to include eight museums.

The island is five-minute drive away from downtown Abu Dhabi, 20 minutes from Abu Dhabi International Airport, and one hour from Dubai.
2006 New Democratic Party of Newfoundland and Labrador leadership election
The New Democratic Party of Newfoundland and Labrador held their leadership convention from May 26–28, 2006. This leadership election was called to elect a new leader to succeed Jack Harris, who had served as party leader since 1992. Harris had also served as Member of the House of Assembly for Signal Hill-Quidi Vidi since a 1990 by-election. In the end Lorraine Michael won the party's leadership, defeating writer Nina Patey. Michael won 107 votes to Patey’s 5. Lorraine Michael, later went on to win the by-election held in Harris' district, Signal Hill-Quidi Vidi and became one of two NDP MHAs in the House of Assembly.

Signal Hill-Quidi Vidi
Signal Hill-Quidi Vidi is a former provincial electoral district for the House of Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. As of 2011 there were 8,137 eligible voters living within the district.

The district included the east end of the downtown St. John's, and ran north to Newfoundland Drive. The residential mix ranged from apartments and refurbished townhouses in the older part of the city to the edges of suburban subdivisions in the east end.

The last MHA was New Democratic Party MHA, Lorraine Michael. This district was also represented by former Newfoundland and Labrador NDP leader, Jack Harris from 1990 to 2006. The district was abolished in 2015, and became St. John's East-Quidi Vidi.
Blåkampen
Blåkampen is a mountain in Vang Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,662-metre (5,453 ft) tall mountain is located in the Filefjell mountain area, about 17 kilometres (11 mi) southeast of the village of Vang i Valdres. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Gilafjellet to the north, Veslebotnskarvet and Skogshorn to the south, and Ranastongi and Klanten to the northwest. The lower elevations of the eastern side of the mountain extend into the neighboring Vestre Slidre Municipality.

Vang i Valdres
Vang i Valdres or Grindaheim is the administrative centre of Vang Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located on the south shore of the lake Vangsmjøse, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of the village of Ryfoss and about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southeast of the village of Øye. The European route E16 highway runs through the village, heading west through the Filefjell mountains on the way to the west coast of Norway. The historic Vang Church is located in the village.

The 0.24-square-kilometre (59-acre) village has a population (2024) of 232 and a population density of 892 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,310/sq mi).
Sh 2-37
Sh 2-37, also known by the designation IC 1284, or the common name Twiddlebug Nebula, is an emission nebula in the constellation Sagittarius. It is located is the direction of ionizing star cluster Dias 5. It also contains the radio source W 34.

It is located near the center of the galaxy, and is partially obscured by dust. Nearby Sh 2-37, which appears mostly red, are two small blue reflection nebulae, known as NGC 6589 and NGC 6590. SIMBAD notably provides the wrong coordinates for Sh 2-37, giving it the same coordinates as nearby NGC 6590.

Emission nebula
An emission nebula is a nebula formed of ionized gases that emit light of various wavelengths. The most common source of ionization is high-energy ultraviolet photons emitted from a nearby hot star. Among the several different types of emission nebulae are H II regions, in which star formation is taking place and young, massive stars are the source of the ionizing photons; and planetary nebulae, in which a dying star has thrown off its outer layers, with the exposed hot core then ionizing them.
Durham Technical Community College
Durham Technical Community College (Durham Tech) is a public community college in Durham, North Carolina. The college serves Northern Durham County at its Northern Durham Center, and in Orange County at its Orange County Campus completed in 2008.

Durham Tech serves nearly 20,000 students with curriculum and continuing education offerings. It offers career programs leading to more than 100 degrees, certificates, and diplomas and university transfer programs. Durham Tech is a charter member of the North Carolina Community College System and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

As of 2014, the college had nearly 500 full-time and part-time faculty members and 3,900 matriculated students. A large portion of Durham Tech students are part-time. To give them flexibility, the college has a large distance education program, offering numerous online courses and hybrid courses.

Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
The Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) is a regional educational accreditor recognized by the United States Department of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation. As of 2022, the organization oversees approximately 750 public and private degree-granting educational institutions in the Southern United States. Its headquarters are in North Druid Hills, Georgia, near Decatur, in the Atlanta metropolitan area.

SACS accredits educational institutions in the states of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia, and educational institutions for U.S. students in Mexico, the Caribbean, Central and South America.

There are a number of affiliate organizations within the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. One affiliate organization is the Southern Association of Community, Junior, and Technical Colleges.
Fynbos
Fynbos (/ˈfeɪnbɒs/; Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈfəinbɔs], lit. 'fine bush') is a small belt of natural shrubland or heathland vegetation located in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. The area is predominantly coastal and mountainous, with a Mediterranean climate.

The fynbos ecoregion is within the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome. In fields related to biogeography, fynbos is known for its exceptional degree of biodiversity and endemism, consisting of about 80% (8,500 fynbos) species of the Cape floral kingdom, where nearly 6,000 of them are endemic.

The area continues to face severe human-caused threats, but due to the many economic uses of the fynbos, conservation efforts are being made to help restore it.

Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos
Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos is a critically endangered vegetation type occurring in the far south of the Western Cape, South Africa.

This type of mountain fynbos contains an extremely high number of threatened species and a great number of the plants that occur here can be found nowhere else on earth. It naturally occurs from the eastern outskirts of Cape Town, eastwards through the Kogelberg and Hottentots-Holland mountains, as far as Kleinmond, and it is conserved within the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve.

This particular vegetation grows on rough, mountainous, sandstone terrain.
It was extensively planted with commercial timber plantations of invasive pine trees. These trees pose a major threat to the unique and endangered biodiversity and have yet to be completely removed.
2014 Toronto FC season
The 2014 Toronto FC season was the eighth season in club history. During the off-season, Toronto FC agreed to a one-year partnership with USL outfit Wilmington Hammerheads. Jackson, Justin Morrow, Dwayne De Rosario, Gilberto, Michael Bradley, Jermain Defoe, Bradley Orr, Collen Warner, Luke Moore, Dominic Oduro, Warren Creavalle and Júlio César came to Toronto.

Toronto opened pre-season on January 24. Toronto will start the season on March 15 against the Seattle Sounders FC and finish on October 25 against the New England Revolution.

Júlio César (football goalkeeper, born 1979)
Júlio César Soares de Espíndola (born 3 September 1979), known as Júlio César (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʒulju ˈsɛzaʁ]), is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

Júlio César spent seven years at Italian club Inter Milan, with whom they won five Scudetti, the 2009–10 UEFA Champions League, and the 2010 FIFA Club World Cup. He was awarded the Serie A Goalkeeper of the Year title in both 2009 and 2010, and was nominated for the 2009 Ballon d'Or, where he was voted into 21st place. He was also named UEFA Club Goalkeeper of the Year after the 2009–10 season and won the Golden Glove award at the 2013 Confederations Cup.

César won 87 international caps for Brazil. He was selected for the 2006, 2010 and 2014 FIFA World Cups, and two Copa América tournaments.
Shoko Miyata
Shoko Miyata (宮田 笙子, Miyata Shōko; born 21 September 2004) is a Japanese artistic gymnast. She is the 2022 World bronze medalist on the balance beam as well as the 2022 Asian Championships silver medalist on vault and floor exercise. She was set to represent Japan at the 2024 Summer Olympics, but withdrew from the Games after she admitted to smoking and drinking in violation of team rules.

2023 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 2023 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships were held in Antwerp, Belgium at the Sportpaleis, from 30 September to 8 October 2023. Antwerp hosted the event for the third time; previously the city hosted the first ever World Championships in 1903 and again in 2013.

The championships was a qualification event for the 2024 Olympic Games in Paris. The top nine teams in both the men's and women's team qualifications (not including teams that qualified at the previous year's World Championships) obtained five quota places for Paris as a team.  Additionally, numerous individuals qualified with a nominative berth for the Olympic Games.
Miss New India
Miss New India is Bharati Mukherjee's eighth novel. 
It was published in 2011 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Miss New India is "the third part of a trilogy that began with Desirable Daughters (2002) and The Tree Bride (2004)."

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Company (HMH)
(/ˈhoʊtən/,
HOH-tən)
is an American publisher of textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, and reference works. The company is based in the Boston Financial District. It was formerly known as the Houghton Mifflin Company, but it changed its name following the 2007 acquisition of Harcourt Publishing. Before March 2010, it was a subsidiary of Education Media and Publishing Group Limited, an Irish-owned holding company registered in the Cayman Islands and formerly known as Riverdeep. In 2022, it was acquired by Veritas Capital, a New York–based private-equity firm.
Tynron
Tynron is a village and civil parish located in Dumfries and Galloway, in south-west Scotland. It lies in a hollow along the Shinnel Water, approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) from the village of Moniaive.

The area is notable for Tynron Doon, the site of a Roman Iron Age hillfort, where remnants of ditches and ramparts are still visible.

The name Tynron is believed to derive from the Cumbric elements din rhón, meaning "lance-fort".

Moniaive
Moniaive (/mɒniˈaɪv/ 'monny-IVE'; Scottish Gaelic: Am Moine Naomh, "The Holy Moor") is a village in the Parish of Glencairn, in Dumfries and Galloway, southwest Scotland. It stands on the Cairn and Dalwhat Waters, 16 miles (26 km) north-west of the town of Dumfries. Moniaive has been named best overall small village in the Nithsdale in Bloom competition five times in a row, from 2006 to 2011.  The village streetscape was featured in the 2002 Peter Mullan film The Magdalene Sisters. In 2004, The Times described the village as one of the 'coolest' in Britain.
John Clemente (politician)
John Francis Clemente (April 10, 1945 – November 12, 2023) was an American politician who served as a member of the Executive Council of Maine from 1975 until the body's abolition in 1977. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served in the Maine House of Representatives.

Executive Council of Maine
The Executive Council of Maine was a government body established with the Maine Constitution in 1820 and dissolved in 1977 via a 1975 statewide referendum. It was made up of seven members, traditionally defeated members of the majority legislative party, and was used as a safeguard against gubernatorial control. However, the unelected council often had problems with governors from different political parties. In the last years of the Executive Council, the Republican majority council and legislature faced serious opposition from Democrat Kenneth M. Curtis. In November 1975, the body was disestablished via a statewide referendum. Said former Governor Curtis on the abolishment, "I didn't think I'd live long enough to see it happen".
Matías Fernández (footballer, born 1986)
Matías Ariel Fernández Fernández (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈti.as aˈɾjel feɾˈnandes feɾˈnandes]; born 15 May 1986) is a Chilean former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. He was known for his dribbling skills, also being a free kick specialist.

After starting out at Colo-Colo, he spent several seasons with Villarreal, Sporting CP and Fiorentina, having moved to Europe in 2006. He also played professionally in Mexico and Colombia.

Fernández was elected South American Footballer of the Year in 2006 and appeared for the Chile national team in the 2010 World Cup and three Copa América tournaments, winning the 2015 edition of the latter tournament.

2006 Copa Sudamericana
The 2006 Copa Sudamericana de Clubes, officially the 2006 Copa Nissan Sudamericana de Clubes for sponsorship reasons, was an international football championship competition that was played by 34 teams in total, including 31 CONMEBOL teams and also three invited teams from CONCACAF.

Pachuca won their first title in history after defeating Colo-Colo tying 1–1 in the first leg in Mexico, and winning 2–1 in Chile. Pachuca only lost one game in the tournament, against Colombian Deportes Tolima 2–1 in their debut.

This was the second time a Mexican club reached the final, after UNAM lost the 2005 edition to Boca Juniors. Meanwhile, this was also the first time a Chilean club arrived to a final since the tournament's inauguration in 2002.

Also, this was the first (and to date only) time a Mexican (or CONCACAF) representative won the Copa Sudamericana or any CONMEBOL-sanctioned tournament.
Shin Kato
Shin Kato (加藤 信, Katō Shin, 5 November 1891 – 14 July 1952) was a Japanese professional Go player. Born in Tokyo, Kato became a student of Hirose Heijiro in 1907. He turned professional a year later with the Hoensha. He was promoted to 8 dan in 1942. He participated in the 1st Honinbo tournament where he finished runner-up to Riichi Sekiyama.

Hirose Heijirō
Hirose Heijirō (広瀬平治郎, Heijirō Hirose; 1865–1940) was a Japanese professional Go player of Hoensha and Nihon Ki-in who reached 5-dan in 1902. Hirose was the teacher of Iwamoto Kaoru and Kato Shin. Other disciples of Hirose included Tsuyamori Itsuro, Iida Haruji and Sakaguchi Tsunejiro.
Jack Delano
Jack Delano (born Yakov Ovcharov, Ukrainian: Яков Овчаров, romanized: Yakov Ovcharov; August 1, 1914 – August 14, 1997) was a Russian Empire-born Ukrainian photographer, filmmaker, and composer, who spent much of his life in Puerto Rico. In the United States, he worked for the Works Progress Administration, United Fund, and most notably, the Farm Security Administration (FSA). He wore many hats as he also was a composer known for his use of Puerto Rican folk material, started a television production company, and was a cartoonist, poet, professor, and architectural designer.

Marion Post Wolcott
Marion Post Wolcott (June 7, 1910 – November 24, 1990) was an American photographer who worked for the Farm Security Administration during the Great Depression, documenting poverty, the Jim Crow South, and deprivation.
2017–18 NCAA football bowl games
The 2017–18 NCAA football bowl games was a series of college football bowl games which completed the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The games began on December 16, 2017, and aside from the all-star games ended with the 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship, which was played on January 8, 2018.

The total of 40 team-competitive bowls in FBS, including the national championship game, was one less than the previous year, with the folding of the Poinsettia Bowl. To fill the 78 available bowl slots, a total of 15 teams (19% of all participants) with non-winning (6–6) seasons participated in bowl games.  This marks only the second time in seven years that no teams with losing seasons (6–7 or 5–7) had to be invited to fill available bowl berths.

2017 NCAA Division I FBS football rankings
Two human polls and a committee's selections comprised the 2017 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) football rankings, in addition to various publications' preseason polls. Unlike most sports, college football's governing body, the NCAA, does not bestow a national championship, instead that title is bestowed by one or more different polling agencies. There are two main weekly polls that begin in the preseason—the AP Poll and the Coaches Poll. One additional poll, the College Football Playoff (CFP) ranking, is released midway through the season after the ninth week.
Pulau Reni
Pulau Reni is a small Indonesian island located in the Ayu Archipelago  above the northern tip of the Waigeo Islands.

Pulau Reni is part of the Raja Ampat regency of the Southwest Papua geographical and administrative region of Indonesia.

The island is surrounded by two large reefs.

Pulau Ayu and Pulau Kanobe are two other small inhabited islands south-west and south of Pulau Reni.

Pulau Reni lies 27 km (17 mi) north-east of Pulau Ayu and 11 km (6.8 mi) north of Pulau Kanobe.

Access to the island is limited to small boats due to the reefs and the small size of the island.

Waigeo
Waigeo is an island in the Southwest Papua province of eastern Indonesia. The island is also known as Amberi or Waigiu. It is the largest of the four main islands in the Raja Ampat Islands archipelago, between Halmahera and about 65 kilometres (40 miles) to the northwest coast of New Guinea. The Dampier Strait (a.k.a. Augusta's Strait) separates it from Batanta, and the Bougainville Strait from the Kawe Islands to its northwest. The "inner sea" that nearly cleaves the island in two is Mayalibit Bay, also known as the Majoli Gulf.

The area of the island is 3,155 square kilometres (1,218 square miles); the highest elevations are 958-metre-high (3,143-foot) Buffalo Horn (Gunung Nok) and 939-metre-high (3,081-foot) Serodjil. From west to east, the island measures approximately 110 km (68 mi), north–south about 50 kilometres (31 miles).

The town of Waisai in the south of the island is the capital of the Raja Ampat Regency.
Fellvatnet
Fellvatnet (Norwegian) or Roavggojávrre (Lule Sami) is a lake that lies in Gildeskål Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The lake is located on the mainland of Norway, north of the large lake Storglomvatnet and the Svartisen glacier. It is located in an isolated, uninhabited part of Gildeskål, south of the lake Langvatnet. It serves as a reservoir for the Langvann Hydroelectric Power Station.

Storglomvatnet
Storglomvatnet (Norwegian) or Stuorra Klupmajávrre (Southern Sami) is a lake that lies in Meløy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway.  It is located about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southeast of the village of Glomfjord, on the northeast edge of the Svartisen glacier. Storglomvatnet is a reservoir that serves the Svartisen Hydroelectric Power Station. The lake is part of a large watershed system. The lake is regulated at a height of 460 to 585 metres (1,509 to 1,919 ft) above sea level. This lake is also known as Grandma's lake to some locals.
North Zone cricket team
The North Zone cricket team is a first-class cricket team that represents northern India in the Duleep Trophy and Deodhar Trophy. It is a composite team of players from seven first-class Indian teams from northern India competing in the Ranji Trophy: Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab and Services. North Zone has the strongest track record of all the zones in the Duleep Trophy, as they have won the Trophy 17 times, with the next best team, West Zone having won 16 times. They hold the record for the most consecutive titles, five, from 1990/91 through to 1994/95.

Chandigarh cricket team
Chandigarh cricket team represents the Union Territory of Chandigarh in Indian domestic cricket competitions. In August 2019, the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) named them as the last of ten expansion teams, the other nine having been introduced in 2018–19. Chandigarh made their senior debut in the 2019–20 season, playing in the Ranji Trophy, the Vijay Hazare Trophy, and the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. Former Indian cricketer, V. R. V. Singh, was named as the first coach of the team.

Chandigarh made their debut in the Ranji Trophy in December 2019, in the Plate Division. In their first match of the season, Arslan Khan scored the first century by a batsman for Chandigarh in first-class cricket.

On 12 February 2020, their fixture against Manipur was the 60,000th first-class cricket match to be played.