hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 437
NGC 437 is a lenticular galaxy of type S0/a located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on October 22, 1886, by Lewis Swift. It was described by Dreyer as "pretty faint, very small, round, faint star to northwest."

Pisces (constellation)
Pisces  is a constellation of the zodiac. Its vast bulk — and main asterism viewed in most European cultures per Greco-Roman antiquity as a distant pair of fishes connected by one cord each that join at an apex — are in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its traditional astrological symbol is  (♓︎). Its name is Latin for "fishes". It is between Aquarius, of similar size, to the southwest and Aries, which is smaller, to the east. The ecliptic and the celestial equator intersect within this constellation, at the first point of Aries, and in Virgo, at the first point of Libra. The Sun passes directly overhead of the equator, on average, at approximately this point in the sky, at the March equinox.

The right ascension/declination 00 is located within the boundaries of Pisces.
Paradox of voting
The paradox of voting, also called Downs' paradox, is that for a rational and egoistic voter (Homo economicus), the costs of voting will normally exceed the expected benefits. Because the chance of exercising the pivotal vote is minuscule compared to any realistic estimate of the private individual benefits of the different possible outcomes, the expected benefits of voting are less than the costs. Responses to the paradox have included the view that voters vote to express their preference for a candidate rather than affect the outcome of the election, that voters exercise some degree of altruism, or that the paradox ignores the collateral benefits associated with voting besides the resulting electoral outcome.

Electoral competition
Electoral competition, political competition or electoral competitiveness describes the amount of competition in electoral politics between candidates or political parties, usually measured by the margin of victory.
The Polity data series includes a measure of political competition. Political competitiveness can be affected by the proportionality between votes and seats, which can be represented by Gallagher index.
Geolycosa rafaelana
Geolycosa rafaelana is a black spider in the genus Geolycosa ("burrowing wolf spiders"), in the family Lycosidae ("wolf spiders"). It is found in western desert  and scrubland habitats in the United States.

Wolf spider
Wolf spiders are members of the family Lycosidae (from Ancient Greek  λύκος (lúkos) 'wolf'), named for their robust and agile hunting skills and excellent eyesight.

They live mostly in solitude, hunt alone, and usually do not spin webs. Some are opportunistic hunters, pouncing upon prey as they find it or chasing it over short distances; others wait for passing prey in or near the mouth of a burrow.

Wolf spiders resemble nursery web spiders (family Pisauridae), but wolf spiders carry their egg sacs by attaching them to their spinnerets, while the Pisauridae carry their egg sacs with their chelicerae and pedipalps.

Two of the wolf spider's eight eyes are large and prominent; this distinguishes them from nursery web spiders, whose eyes are all of roughly equal size. This can also help distinguish them from the similar-looking grass spiders.
Furness Railway D5 Class
The Furness Railway 1 class 0-6-0 (classified "D5" by Bob Rush) was a class of nineteen 0-6-0 steam locomotives designed by W. F. Pettigrew and built between 1913 and 1920. Four were built by Kitson and Company and 15 by North British Locomotive Company (NBL).
All 19 were assigned London, Midland and Scottish Railway numbers but only six survived long enough to be assigned a British Railways number.

0-6-0
0-6-0 is the Whyte notation designation for steam locomotives with a wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. Historically, this was the most common wheel arrangement used on both tender and tank locomotives in versions with both inside and outside cylinders.

In the United Kingdom, the Whyte notation of wheel arrangement was also often used for the classification of electric and diesel-electric locomotives with side-rod coupled driving wheels. Under the UIC classification, popular in Europe, this wheel arrangement is written as C if the wheels are coupled with rods or gears, or Co if they are independently driven, the latter usually being electric and diesel-electric locomotives.
Starting Over Again (Steve Wariner song)
"Starting Over Again" is a song written by Don Goodman and John Wesley Ryles, and recorded by American country music artist Steve Wariner.  It was released in August 1986 as the third single from the album Life's Highway.  The song reached #4 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

The song should not be confused with the 1980 Dolly Parton hit "Starting Over Again".

Starting Over Again (Dolly Parton song)
"Starting Over Again" is a song recorded by American entertainer Dolly Parton.  The song was written by Donna Summer and her husband Bruce Sudano. Parton's recording was performed as a slow tempo ballad, gradually building to a dramatic crescendo. It was released in March 1980 as the first single from her album Dolly, Dolly, Dolly. "Starting Over Again" made the U.S. pop top forty, peaking at number 36, and reached number 1 on the U.S. country charts on May 24, 1980, becoming Parton's 12th number one.

Donna Summer performed it live numerous times on television specials during the 1980s, including her own program, The Donna Summer Special. A studio version of the track has yet to surface.
Maryland Sprint Handicap top three finishers
This is a listing of the horses that finished in either first, second, or third place and the number of starters in the Maryland Sprint Handicap, an American graded stakes race run on dirt over six furlongs at Pimlico Race Course  in Baltimore, Maryland.

Pimlico Race Course
Pimlico Race Course is a thoroughbred horse racetrack in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is most famous for hosting the Preakness Stakes, the second leg of the Triple Crown. Its name is derived from the 1660s when English settlers named the area where the facility currently stands in honor of Olde Ben Pimlico's Tavern in London. The racetrack is nicknamed "Old Hilltop" after a small rise in the infield that became a favorite gathering place for thoroughbred trainers and race enthusiasts.

Pimlico was owned by the Stronach Group from 2011 until 2024, when ownership transferred to the state-run Maryland Thoroughbred Racetrack Operating Authority (MTROA). Pimlico closed for renovations in September 2024, with all of Pimlico's racing dates except for the 2025 Preakness Stakes transferred to Laurel Park until the project is completed.
Subordinationism
Subordinationism is a Trinitarian doctrine wherein the Son (and sometimes also the Holy Spirit) is subordinate to the Father, not only in submission and role, but with actual ontological subordination to varying degrees. It posits a hierarchical ranking of the persons of the Social Trinity, implying ontological subordination of the persons of the Son and the Holy Spirit. It was condemned as heretical in the Second Council of Constantinople.

It is not to be confused with Arianism, as Subordinationism has been generally viewed as closer to the Nicene-Constantinopolitan view. While Arianism was developed out of it, it did not confess the personhood of the Holy Spirit and of the Son, both eternal.

Cappadocian Fathers
The Cappadocian Fathers, also traditionally known as the Three Cappadocians, were a trio of Byzantine Christian prelates, theologians and monks who helped shape both early Christianity and the monastic tradition. Basil the Great (330–379) was Bishop of Caesarea; Basil's younger brother Gregory of Nyssa (c. 335 – c. 395) was Bishop of Nyssa; and a close friend, Gregory of Nazianzus (329–390), became Patriarch of Constantinople. The Cappadocia region, in modern-day Turkey, was an early site of Christian activity. While these three men are typically discussed as the Cappadocians, Macrina, Basil and Gregory's sister, was significant in forming them theologically and in terms of their interpretation of how to live out Christian religious practice.

The Cappadocians advanced the development of early Christian theology, for example the doctrine of the Trinity,: 22  and are highly respected as saints in both Western and Eastern churches.
1933–34 Aston Villa F.C. season
The 1933–34 English football season was Aston Villa's 42nd season in The Football League, Villa playing in the First Division. Billy Smith remained trophy-less going into his eighth season. Jimmy McMullan was appointed as manager when Billy Smith retired in May 1934.

On 30 December 1933, Villa drew 1–1 away Leicester City, Dai Astley equalizing in the final seconds of the game.

Both Second City derby matches were drawn. 0-0 away, 1-1 at home.

Tommy Gardner was the sole debutant this season.

Tommy Gardner
Thomas Gardner (28 May 1910 – February 1970) was an English professional association footballer who played as a wing half. He won two caps for the England national football team.

After the end of his playing career he was manager of Oswestry Town in 1949-51.

His great-granddaughter Hannah Keryakoplis played international football for Wales.
Leirum Phee
Leirum Phee (Meitei: ꯂꯩꯔꯨꯝ ꯐꯤ, /leiroom phee/), also spelled as Leirum Phi (/leiroom phi/), is a traditional Meitei clothing. It is a large, rough shawl traditionally used as a wrapper, featuring a unique woven design. It traces its origin to Ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur Kingdom). It is used as wedding gifts from parents to their daughters of the Meitei ethnicity.
In the 21st century, it gains its popularity widespread across the entire India, thanks to the Indian prime minister Narendra Modi, who wears it in most of his public appearances, due to which the clothing is also known as Modi Gamusa or Modi Gamchha or Modi Gamcha.

Meitei clothing
Meitei clothing, or Meitei attire, or Meitei costumes, or Meitei dresses, or Meitei dressing, or Meitei fabrics, or Meitei garments, or Meitei robes, or Meitei textiles (Meitei: Phee/Phi), refer to the traditional clothes of Meitei cultural heritage of Manipur as well as Assam, Bangladesh, Meghalaya, Myanmar (Burma), Nagaland, Tripura, etc.

Regarding men's clothing of Hindustan, British officer Colonel McCulloch stated, “the Munniporees far surpass the people to the west in the cleanliness of their garments”, which is recorded in the 1908 book "The Meitheis", authored by Thomas Callan Hodson.
Florida A&M Rattlers football
The Florida A&M Rattlers football team represents Florida A&M University in the sport of American football. The Rattlers compete in the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) of Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Starting with the fall 2021 season, the Rattlers will compete in the East Division of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC), after a long tenure in the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC). They play their home games at Bragg Memorial Stadium in Tallahassee.

The Rattlers have won 17 black college football national championship, 29 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) titles, eight MEAC titles, one SWAC title and one I-AA national title in the history of their football program. During the 2004 season, the Rattlers briefly attempted to move up to Division I-A (now known as the FBS) and become the only HBCU at college football's highest level, but the team was forced to abort its bid.

Bragg Memorial Stadium
Ken Riley Field at Bragg Memorial Stadium is a 25,500-seat football stadium in Tallahassee, Florida, United States. It opened in 1957 and was renovated in 1982. It is home to the Florida A&M Rattlers football team.
Laga Administrative Post
Laga, officially Laga Administrative Post (Portuguese: Posto Administrativo de Laga, Tetum: Postu administrativu Laga), is an administrative post (and was formerly a subdistrict) in Baucau municipality, Timor-Leste. Its seat or administrative centre is Soba. Its population in 2010 was 14,000.

Administrative posts of Timor-Leste
The municipalities of Timor-Leste are divided into 70 administrative posts (previously subdistricts until 2014) since 2024. On 1 January 2024, three new administrative posts were created, one in Liquiçá Municipality (Loes) and two in Baucau Municipality (Quelicai Antiga and Matebian)

Each administrative post is divided into several sucos. Sucos are divided into several aldeias, the smallest political division of Timor-Leste.
Vani Sar
Vani Sar (Persian: واني سر, also Romanized as Vānī Sar; also known as Dārlī Sar) is a village in Khaneh Shur Rural District, in the Central District of Salas-e Babajani County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 260, in 61 families.

Khaneh Shur Rural District
Khaneh Shur Rural District (Persian: دهستان خانه شور) is in the Central District of Salas-e Babajani County, Kermanshah province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Negareh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Deh-e Sheykh.
Setteville
Setteville is a comune located in the province of Belluno, in the region of Veneto in northern Italy. It was established in January 2024 from the merger of Alano di Piave and Quero Vas. It is located about 34 km (21 mi) southwest of the provincial capital of Belluno.

Belluno
Belluno (Italian pronunciation: [belˈluːno] ⓘ; Ladin: Belum; Venetian: Belùn) is a town and province in the Veneto region of northern Italy. Located about 100 kilometres (62 miles) north of Venice, Belluno is the capital of the province of Belluno and the most important city in the Eastern Dolomites region. With a population of 35,543, it is the largest populated area of Valbelluna, and the 12th-largest municipality of Veneto.

It is one of the 15 municipalities of the Dolomiti Bellunesi National Park.
1868 Missouri gubernatorial election
The 1868 Missouri gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1868, and resulted in a victory for the Republican nominee, Congressman Joseph W. McClurg, over Democratic nominee former Congressman John S. Phelps.

This was the first election a governor was elected to a 2-year term, instead of 4 years. Missouri would return to electing its governors to 4-year terms in 1880.

1880 Missouri gubernatorial election
The 1880 Missouri gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1880, and resulted in a victory for the Democratic nominee, former Congressman Thomas Theodore Crittenden, over the Republican candidate, former Congressman David Patterson Dyer, and Greenback nominee Luman A. Brown.

Missouri returned to electing its governor to a 4-year term, instead of a 2-year term.
Ferrari Pinin
The Ferrari Pinin was a one-off concept car created by Italian-design studio Pininfarina, to celebrate the design studio's 50th anniversary. Discussed by Enzo Ferrari as being turned into a production model, the proposal was dropped and the car remains a singular concept model, the first four-door Ferrari ever built.

Maserati Quattroporte
The Maserati Quattroporte (Italian pronunciation: [ˌkwattroˈpɔrte]) is a four-door full-size luxury sedan produced by Italian automobile manufacturer Maserati. The name translated from Italian means "four doors". The production of the sixth generation ended in late 2023, with the first generation introduced in 1963.
WS-Addressing
Web Services Addressing (WS-Addressing) is a specification of transport-neutral mechanism that allows web services to communicate addressing information. It essentially consists of two parts: a structure for communicating a reference to a Web service endpoint, and a set of message addressing properties which associate addressing information with a particular message.

Uniform Resource Identifier
A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), formerly Universal Resource Identifier, is a unique sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource,: 1  such as resources on a webpage, email address, phone number,: 7  books, real-world objects such as people and places, and concepts.: 5

URIs which provide a means of locating and retrieving information resources on a network (either on the Internet or on another private network, such as a computer file system or an Intranet) are Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). Therefore, URLs are a subset of URIs, i.e. every URL is a URI (and not necessarily the other way around).: 7  Other URIs provide only a unique name, without a means of locating or retrieving the resource or information about it; these are Uniform Resource Names (URNs). The web technologies that use URIs are not limited to web browsers.
Luc Vinet
Luc Vinet CM OQ (born (1953-04-16)April 16, 1953) is a Canadian physicist and mathematician. He was former rector of the Université de Montréal between 2005 and 2010. He is the CEO of IVADO, created in 2015 since August 2021.

University of Tours
The University of Tours (French: Université de Tours), formerly François Rabelais University of Tours (French: Université François Rabelais), is a public university in Tours, France. Founded in 1969, the university was formerly named after the French writer François Rabelais. It is the largest university in the Centre-Val de Loire region. As of July 2015, it is a member of the regional university association Leonardo da Vinci consolidated University.
Kaleemullah Khan (footballer)
Kaleemullah Khan (Urdu: کلیم الله خان; born 20 September 1992) is a Pakistani professional footballer who plays as a forward for the Pakistan national team. Currently a free agent since 2021, he last played for Iraqi Premier League club Zakho SC.

He is the first Pakistani footballer to play and score in the United States, and also the first Pakistani player to score 100 career goals in club competitions. He has been praised for his positioning, teamwork and stamina, and has shown consistency in scoring and creating goals.

Kyrgyz Premier League
The Kyrgyz Premier League (Kyrgyz: Кыргыз Премьер Лигасы, romanized: Kyrgyz Premier Ligasy) or OLIMPBET Premier League for sponsorship purposes is the top division of professional football in Kyrgyzstan. It was created in 1992 after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The league is composed of eight teams. The most successful team is Dordoi Bishkek which has won the league thirteen times.

The winner of the league earns a spot in the AFC Challenge League, Asia's third club continental competition. The team with the worst record at the end of each season is demoted to the Kyrgyzstan League Second Level.
Pendem Dorababu
Pendem Dorababu is an Indian politician. He is known for his defection from the YSR Congress Party whom he previously represented in the Legislative Assembly. As of March 2025, Dorababu is a member of the Janasena Party.

Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Telugu: ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్ శాసన సభ, ISO: Āndhra Pradēś Śāsana Sabha) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the Indian state, Andhra Pradesh.

The Legislative Assembly consists of 175 members who are elected by adult universal suffrage under the first-past-the-post system. The duration of the Assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting unless it is decided to dissolve the Assembly sooner. The Legislative Assembly's main functions include legislation, overseeing of administration, passing the budget, and airing public grievances.

The Legislative Assembly holds three sessions annually, one for Budget and the other for Monsoon and Winter sessions.

The Legislative Assembly took up residence in the interim Legislative Assembly Building in Amaravati beginning from the 2017 Budget session. The new building has systems for automatic speech translation and automatic vote recording.
Triumph Trophy
The Triumph Trophy is a touring motorcycle produced by Triumph Motorcycles Ltd from 2012 to 2017.

The motorcycle features a 1,215 cc (74.1 cu in) liquid-cooled, 12-valve, straight-three engine,
which is mated to a six-speed gearbox and shaft drive. The engine is also used on its dual-sport sibling, the Tiger Explorer,
although on the Trophy it produces slightly less power and has a taller sixth gear, more suitable for the touring proposal of this motorcycle.
The base model was complemented by the SE, which features extra equipment such as electronically adjustable suspension, a Bluetooth audio system, and a tyre-pressure monitoring system. The SE was the only model sold in the United States, Canada, Australia and Brazil.

Triumph Motorcycles Ltd
Triumph Motorcycles Ltd is the largest UK-owned motorcycle manufacturer, established in 1983 by John Bloor after the original company Triumph Engineering went into receivership. The new company, initially called Bonneville Coventry Ltd, continued Triumph's lineage of motorcycle production since 1902. They have major manufacturing facilities in Thailand.

During the 12 months preceding June 2017, Triumph sold 63,400 motorcycles.

In 2024, Triumph introduced their first ever off-road motorcycle, the Motocross racer TF 250-X.
The Aroma Cafe
The Aroma Cafe (S.A.) is an Argentine coffee chain and a former British coffee chain. It was founded in London, England in 1991 and started in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 2000.

McDonald's purchased Aroma in 1999. It expanded the chain in the UK and in Argentina. McDonald's sold Aroma's London outlets to Caffè Nero in 2002 which rebranded the chain to Neros. The Argentine part of the chain was sold in 2004 to Freddo, an ice cream chain owned by Pegasus Capital.

Pret a Manger
Pret a Manger (/ˈprɛt ə ˈmɒ̃ʒeɪ/; French for "ready to eat") is a British multinational sandwich shop chain founded in London, England in 1983. It is popularly referred to simply as Pret. As of September 2025, Pret had 717 locations across 19 countries and territories, including 474 in the UK (369 of which were in London) and 67 in the United States. Pret a Manger has additional locations in Belgium, Canada, France, UAE, Germany, Greece, Luxembourg, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Italy, Kuwait, Portugal, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Spain, South Africa and Switzerland.
Dr. Susan LaFlesche Picotte Memorial Hospital
Dr. Susan LaFlesche Picotte Memorial Hospital, also known as Walthill Hospital or Dr. Susan Picotte Memorial Hospital, is a former hospital building at 505 Matthewson Street in Walthill, Nebraska, on the Omaha Indian Reservation.  The hospital was developed by Dr. Susan LaFlesche Picotte (1865–1915), the first female Native American medical doctor.  Built with money raised by Picotte from various sources, it was the first hospital for any Indian reservation not funded by government money.  It served the community as a hospital until the 1940s, and has had a variety of other uses since.  It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1993.

Susan La Flesche Picotte
Susan La Flesche Picotte (June 17, 1865 – September 18, 1915) was a Native American medical doctor and reformer and member of the Omaha tribe. She is widely acknowledged as one of the first Indigenous people, and the first Indigenous woman, to earn a medical degree. She campaigned for public health and for the formal, legal allotment of land to members of the Omaha tribe.

Picotte was an active social reformer as well as a physician. She worked to discourage the consumption of alcohol on the reservation where she worked as the physician, as part of the temperance movement. Picotte also campaigned for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis, which then had no cure, as part of a public health campaign. She also worked to help other Omaha navigate the bureaucracy of the Office of Indian Affairs and receive the money owed to them for the sale of their land.