hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Commemorative badge "Orlęta"
The Commemorative badge ‘Orlęta’ (Polish: Odznaka pamiątkowa „Orlęta”) is a Commemorative badge awarded during the Second Polish Republic, to the Lwów Eaglets in the Defense of Lviv and the Eastern Borderlands during the Polish-Ukrainian War.

Polish–Ukrainian War
The Polish–Ukrainian War, from November 1918 to July 1919, was a conflict between the Second Polish Republic and Ukrainian forces (both the West Ukrainian People's Republic and the Ukrainian People's Republic).

The conflict had its roots in ethnic, cultural, and political differences between the Polish and Ukrainian populations living in the region, as Poland and both Ukrainian republics emerged from the collapse of the Russian and Austrian empires.

The war started in Eastern Galicia after the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and spilled over into the Chełm and Volhynia regions formerly belonging to the Russian Empire.

Poland won the disputed territory on 18 July 1919.
Reynolds-Weed House
The Reynolds-Weed House (also known as the Moore House) is a historic house located in Elkhorn, Wisconsin.   It was built as the Elkhorn Union School in 1850, then later modified.  It is locally significant as one of Elkhorn's finest examples of the Victorian/Italianate period of construction.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 31, 1983.

Its NRHP nomination describes it:  "Nearly square in dimension and symmetrical in design, the present building is a large, two-story Italianate house of built of salmon colored brick. Its broad truncated hipped roof, covered with stamped tin shingles, is intersected by center attic-level pediments above all elevations."

Elkhorn, Wisconsin
Elkhorn is a city in Walworth County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is located 40 miles (64 km) southwest of Milwaukee. As of the 2020 census, it was home to 10,247 people, up from 10,084 at the 2010 census.
XYL-4001
XYL-4001, formerly known as PSYLO-4001, is a non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist and psychoplastogen which is under development for the treatment of depressive disorders such as major depressive disorder. Its route of administration is unspecified. The drug is being developed by Xylo Bio (formerly known as Psylo). As of January 2025, it is in the preclinical research stage of development. Its chemical structure does not yet appear to have been disclosed.

Psychoplastogen
Psychoplastogens, also known as neuroplastogens, are a group of small molecule drugs that produce rapid and sustained effects on neuronal structure and function, intended to manifest therapeutic benefit after a single administration.

Several existing psychoplastogens have been identified and their therapeutic effects demonstrated; several are presently at various stages of development as medications including ketamine, MDMA, scopolamine, and the serotonergic psychedelics, including LSD, psilocin (the active metabolite of psilocybin), DMT, and 5-MeO-DMT.

Compounds of this sort are being explored as therapeutics for a variety of brain disorders including depression, addiction, and PTSD. The ability to rapidly promote neuronal changes via mechanisms of neuroplasticity was recently discovered as the common therapeutic activity and mechanism of action.
Ayrılıq
Ayrılıq (Azerbaijani: ayrılıq/ تورکجه: آیریلیق.           / Ayrılıq, meaning "Separation") is an Azerbaijani folk song with lyrics by Farhad Ebrahimi and music composed by Ali Salimi in 1957. The song is about separation and love and is one of "the most familiar to Azerbaijanis throughout the world".

Music of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani music (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan musiqisi) is the musical tradition of the Azerbaijani people from the Azerbaijan Republic. Azerbaijani music has evolved under the badge of monody, producing rhythmically diverse melodies. Music from Azerbaijan has a branch mode system, where chromatisation of major and minor scales is of great importance.
Hexophthalma
Hexophthalma is a southern African genus of spiders in the family Sicariidae. The English name six-eyed sand spiders is used for members of the genus, particularly Hexophthalma hahni.

Species in the genus have dermonecrotic venom, and can potentially cause serious or even life-threatening wounds.

Ferdinand Karsch
Ferdinand Anton Franz Karsch (2 September 1853, in Münster – 20 December 1936, in Berlin) was a German arachnologist, entomologist and anthropologist. He also wrote on human and animal sexual diversity with his mother's maiden name included as Ferdinand Karsch-Haack from around 1905.
Harald Maddadsson
Harald Maddadsson (Old Norse: Haraldr Maddaðarson, Gaelic: Aralt mac Mataid) (c. 1134 – 1206) was Earl of Orkney and Mormaer of Caithness from 1139 until 1206. He was the son of Matad, Mormaer of Atholl,  and Margaret, daughter of Earl Haakon Paulsson of Orkney. Of mixed Norse and Gaelic blood, and a descendant of Scots kings, he was a significant figure in northern Scotland, and played a prominent part in Scottish politics of the twelfth century. The Orkneyinga Saga names him one of the three most powerful Earls of Orkney along with Sigurd Eysteinsson and Thorfinn Sigurdsson.

Sigurd Eysteinsson
Sigurd Eysteinsson, or Sigurd the Mighty (reigned c. 875–892), was the second Jarl of Orkney—a title bequeathed to Sigurd by his brother Rognvald Eysteinsson. A son of Eystein Glumra, Sigurd was a leader in the Viking conquest of what is now northern Scotland.

His death was said to have been caused by the severed head of Máel Brigte, whom Sigurd defeated in battle. As he rode a horse with Máel Brigte's head attached to his saddle as a trophy, one of Máel Brigte's teeth grazed against Sigurd's leg. The wound became infected, later causing Sigurd's death.
Camilla Bellone
Camilla Bellone (born c. 1975) is an Italian neuroscientist and associate professor in the Department of Basic Neuroscience at the University of Geneva, in Switzerland. Bellone's laboratory explores the molecular mechanisms and neural circuits underlying social behavior and probes how defects at the molecular and circuit level give rise to psychiatric disease states such as Autism Spectrum Disorders.

University of Lausanne
The University of Lausanne (UNIL; French: Université de Lausanne) in Lausanne, Switzerland, was founded in 1537 as a school of Protestant theology, before being made a university in 1890. The university is the second-oldest in Switzerland, and one of the oldest universities in the world to be in continuous operation. As of fall 2017, about 15,000 students and 3,300 employees studied and worked at the university. Approximately 1,500 international students attend the university (120 nationalities), which has a wide curriculum including exchange programs with other universities.

Together with the École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) the university forms a vast campus at the shores of Lake Geneva.
Cbl TKB domain
In molecular biology, the Cbl TKB domain (tyrosine kinase binding domain), also known as the phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain is a conserved region found at the N-terminus of Cbl adaptor proteins.  This N-terminal region is composed of three evolutionarily conserved domains: an N-terminal four-helix bundle domain, an EF hand-like domain and a SH2-like domain, which together are known to bind to phosphorylated tyrosine residues.

SH2 domain
The SH2 (Src Homology 2) domain is a structurally conserved protein domain contained within the Src oncoprotein and in many other intracellular signal-transducing proteins. SH2 domains bind to phosphorylated tyrosine residues on other proteins, modifying the function or activity of the SH2-containing protein.  The SH2 domain may be considered the prototypical modular protein-protein interaction domain, allowing the transmission of signals controlling a variety of cellular functions. SH2 domains are especially common in adaptor proteins that aid in the signal transduction of receptor tyrosine kinase pathways.
2023 Tampere Open
The 2023 Tampere Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 41st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tampere, Finland, between 17 and 23 July 2023.

Tampere Open
The Tampere Open is a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour, and has been held annually at the Tampere Tennis Center in Tampere, Finland, since 2008 (and 2007 for the women's ITF). Prior to that ATP Challenger competition was held at the Pyynikki tennis courts from 1982–2007. It is the longest running ATP organized event on the Challenger Tour, becoming the first tournament to celebrate its 40-year anniversary in 2022.
Mark Robinson (meteorologist)
Mark Robinson (born 27 January 1973) is a Canadian television meteorologist and storm chaser. He co-hosts 
the television series Storm Hunters and Unearthed, has appeared on the television series Angry Planet, and 
has made numerous other media appearances. In 2015, Robinson was named one of Canada's 100 greatest modern-day explorers by 
Canadian Geographic, and was elected a Fellow of the Royal 
Canadian Geographic Society.

George Kourounis
George Kourounis (born 22 May 1970) is a Canadian explorer, storm chaser, television presenter, and science communicator, best known for documenting extreme natural phenomena around the globe. He is an Explorer-in-Residence for the Royal Canadian Geographical Society, a National Geographic Explorer, and the former Canadian Chapter Chair of The Explorers Club. Kourounis is widely recognized for his adventurous fieldwork, having filmed in more than 80 countries and on all seven continents, often placing himself in the heart of natural disasters to document their impacts and contribute to scientific research.
The Richfield Reaper
The Richfield Reaper is a weekly newspaper serving the people of south central Utah, printed and published in Richfield, Utah, United States. Its primary areas of coverage include Sevier, Wayne and Piute counties, but is also read in homes in Sanpete and Garfield counties. Available on newsstands Tuesday evenings, it is published and delivered via the US Postal Service on Wednesday.

Sevier County, Utah
Sevier County (/sɛˈvɪər/ sə-VEER) is a county in Utah, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 21,522. Its county seat and largest city is Richfield.

Pando, a clonal quaking aspen stand, that, according to some sources, is the oldest (80,000 years) and largest (106 acres, 13 million pounds) organism on Earth, is located in this county.
David Harum (1915 film)
David Harum is a 1915 American silent comedy-drama romance film written and directed by Allan Dwan, produced by Famous Players Film Company and distributed by Paramount Pictures.  It is based on the 1898 novel of the same name by Edward Noyes Westcott and the 1900 Broadway play based on the novel, starring William H. Crane (Crane also starred in two subsequent Broadway revivals). Crane agreed to star in the film (which was his debut) only if the film was written exactly as the play. David Harum is the only film of Dwan's for Famous Players that still survives. A print is preserved at the George Eastman House in Rochester, New York and the Cinémathèque Française in Paris.

The novel was again adapted for the screen in 1934 starring Will Rogers in the title role.

David Harum (1934 film)
David Harum is a 1934 American comedy film directed by James Cruze and written by Walter Woods. The film stars Will Rogers, Louise Dresser, Evelyn Venable, Kent Taylor, Stepin Fetchit, Noah Beery, Sr. and Roger Imhof. The film was released on March 3, 1934, by Fox Film Corporation.
Mats Hellström
Mats Hellström (born 12 January 1942 in Stockholm) is a Swedish Social Democratic politician. He was minister of foreign trade from 1983 to 1986, minister for agriculture from 1986 to 1991 and minister of foreign trade again from 1994 to 1996. He replaced Svante Lundkvist as agriculture minister in 1986. During his term as agriculture minister Michael Sohlman was his state secretary.

He was the Swedish Ambassador to Germany from 1996 to 2001. He also served as the governor of Stockholm County between 2002 and 2006.

Governor of Stockholm County
This is a list of governors for Stockholm County of Sweden. Stockholm County separated from Uppland County, the first time from 1641 to 1654, and then finally in 1719. The City of Stockholm was separately governed by the Governor of Stockholm until 1967, when it was integrated into Stockholm County. The governors reside in Tessin Palace.
Flower Boy Ramen Shop
Cool Guys, Hot Ramen (Korean: 꽃미남 라면가게; RR: Kkonminam Ramyeongage; lit. Flower Boy Ramen Shop) is a 2011 South Korean romantic comedy television series, starring Jung Il-woo, Lee Chung-ah, Lee Ki-woo, Park Min-woo, and Cho Yoon-woo. It aired on cable channel tvN from October 31 to December 20, 2011, on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 23:00 (KST) for 16 episodes.

The series is the first installment of "Oh! Boy" series by tVN of Flower Boy programming targeted at the teenage demographic, and was followed by Flower Band in 2012, then Flower Boys Next Door and Dating Agency: Cyrano in 2013.

Mnet (TV channel)
Music Network (acronym of the Mnet) is a South Korean pay television music channel owned by CJ ENM Entertainment Division.

The CJ E&M Center Studio located in Sangam-dong, Mapo District, Seoul is the headquarters, broadcast and recording centre of many Mnet programs with a studio audience, namely the live weekly music show M Countdown. It is also the venue for live performances in survival shows such as Superstar K, Show Me The Money series, Produce 101 series, Comeback War series, Planet series and Street Dance series. Other shows are filmed in CJ E&M Studio in Ilsan and CJ E&M Contents World in Paju.
County of Taunton
County of Taunton is a cadastral unit located in the Australian state of South Australia on land on the east coast of Lake Torrens about 160 kilometres (99 mi) from the city of Port Augusta.  It was proclaimed in 1877 and named after Lord Taunton who was the Secretary for the Colonies from 1855 to 1858.  It has been partially divided in the following sub-units of hundreds – Bunyeroo, Carr, Edeowie, Nilpena, Oratunga and Parachilna.

Port Augusta
Port Augusta (Goordnada in the revived indigenous Barngarla language) is a coastal city in South Australia about 310 kilometres (190 mi) by road from the state capital, Adelaide. Most of the city is on the eastern shores of Spencer Gulf, immediately south of the gulf's head, comprising the city's centre and surrounding suburbs, Stirling North, and seaside homes at Commissariat Point, Blanche Harbor and Miranda. The suburb of Port Augusta West is on the western side of the gulf on the Eyre Peninsula. Together, these localities had a population of 13,515 in the 2021 census.

Formerly a seaport, the city supports regional agriculture and services many mines in the South Australian interior to its north. A significant industry was electricity generation until 2019, when its coal-burning power stations were shut down. A solar farm opened in 2020.
Simon Osiashvili
Simon Abramovich Osiashvili (Russian: Симо́н Абрамович Осиашви́ли; born December 4, 1952, Lviv) is a  Russian poet, singer, Honoured Artist of Russia (2002).

Since 1986 to the present time the songs of Simon Osiashvili year are unchanged winners of the TV Festival Pesnya goda. Songwriter for Igor Sarukhanov, Philipp Kirkorov, Vyacheslav Malezhik, Mikhail Boyarsky, Valentina Legkostupova, Yaroslav Yevdokimov, Irina Ponarovskaya and many others.

Member of the professional Russian jury at Eurovision Song Contest 2019.

Igor Sarukhanov
Igor Armenovich Sarukhanov (born April 6, 1956) is a Russian pop musician, composer and artist of Armenian descent, as well as Meritorious Artist of Russia (1997).

Sarukhanov was born in Samarkand. He finished the Musical college of Moscow. He was a member of Tsvety Soviet rock band, worked with Alla Pugachyova, Anne Veski etc. Since 1985 he started a solo-career and already has 10 albums released during this period, including 4 LPs in USSR. He was most popular artist in USSR, like Yuri Antonov, Valeri Leontiev.
Iron triangle (US politics)
In United States politics, the "iron triangle" comprises the policy-making relationship among the congressional committees, the bureaucracy, and interest groups, as described in 1981 by Gordon Adams. Earlier mentions of this 'iron triangle' concept are in a 1956 Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report as, "Iron triangle: Clout, background, and outlook" and "Chinks in the Iron Triangle?"

Regulatory capture
In politics, regulatory capture (also called agency capture) is a form of corruption of authority that occurs when a political entity, policymaker, or regulator is co-opted to serve the commercial, ideological, or political interests of a minor constituency, such as a particular geographic area, industry, profession, or ideological group.

When regulatory capture occurs, a special interest is prioritized over the general interests of the public, leading to a net loss for society. The theory of client politics is related to that of rent-seeking and political failure; client politics "occurs when most or all of the benefits of a program go to some single, reasonably small interest (e.g., industry, profession, or locality) but most or all of the costs will be borne by a large number of people (for example, all taxpayers)".
Companhia Telefônica Brasileira
Companhia Telefônica Brasileira (CTB) was a Brazilian fixed-line telephone company that provided services to the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, as well as Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo through its subsidiaries CTMG and CTES. Between 1972 and 1976, CTB belonged to the Telebras system.

Campos dos Goytacazes
21°45′14″S 41°19′26″W﻿ / ﻿21.75389°S 41.32389°W﻿ / -21.75389; -41.32389

Campos dos Goytacazes ([ˈkɐ̃puz duz ɡojtaˈkazis]) is a city located in the northern region of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, with a population of 483,540 inhabitants. It is the largest city in Rio de Janeiro (state) outside of the Greater Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area.
Gabbiella rosea
Gabbiella rosea is a species of small freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic prosobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Bithyniidae.

This species is endemic to Kenya. Its natural habitat is freshwater lakes.

Bithyniidae
Bithyniidae is a family of small freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic gastropod molluscs in the [[[Order (biology)|order]] Littorinimorpha.

Their shells are very small and often colored. They are characterized by a calcareous operculum, a lobe on the upper surface of the neck. The ctenidium, the respiratory gill-comb, is very broad. They have a ciliary feeding habit. The kidney has a large extension towards the mantle.
Edrom
Edrom is a parish and small village in the pre-1975 ancient county of Berwickshire, now an administrative area of the  Scottish Borders region of Scotland.

The rural parish of Edrom is in east central Berwickshire being bounded on the north by the parishes of Bunkle and Preston and Chirnside, on the east by the Parishes of Chirnside, Hutton and Whitsome and Hilton, on the south by the parishes of Whitsome and Hilton, Swinton and Fogo and on the west by the parishes of Langton and Duns. It includes the nearby village of Allanton.

Swinton, Scottish Borders
Swinton is a small village in the Scottish Borders. It is in the former county of Berwickshire, around 5 miles (8 kilometres) southeast of Duns, and 3 miles (5 kilometres) northwest of the Anglo-Scottish border.
Cakaudrove Province
Cakaudrove (Fijian pronunciation: [ðaˈkɔuɳɖʳoβe]) is one of fourteen provinces of Fiji, and one of three based principally on the northern island of Vanua Levu, occupying the south-eastern third of the island and including the nearby islands of Taveuni, Rabi, Kioa, and numerous other islands in the Vanua Levu Group. It has a total land area of 2,816 square kilometers, with a population of 50,447 at the most recent census in 2017, making it the seventh most populous province. The only major town is Savusavu, with a population of 5,494 in 2017.

Vanua Levu Group
The Vanua Levu Group is an archipelago in northern Fiji. It takes its name from its predominant island, Vanua Levu.  Among the other island in the group, the most important is Taveuni.  Other islands in the group include Laucala, Matagi, Namena Lala, Qamea, Rabi, Vorovoro and Yadua Tabu.  They have an aggregate area of 6,199 square kilometres (2,393 square miles), with a total population of 140,016 at the 1996 census, the last held.

The Vanua Levu Group is coextensive with Fiji's Northern Division, one of four into which the country is divided for local government purposes.  Together with the remote Lau Islands, they form the Tovata Confederacy, one of three chiefly hierarchies.
Reginald Corbet
Reginald Corbet (died 1566) was a distinguished lawyer in four reigns across the mid-Tudor period, and prospered throughout, although he seems to have been firmly Protestant in sympathy. He was appointed serjeant-at-law and Justice of the King's Bench, and represented Much Wenlock in the parliament of 1542 and Shrewsbury in those of 1547, October 1553 and 1555. He enjoyed great wealth, partly because his wife was an heiress of Sir Rowland Hill, the first Protestant Lord Mayor of London.

Market Drayton
Market Drayton is a market town and civil parish on the banks of the River Tern in Shropshire, England. It is close to the Cheshire and Staffordshire borders. It is located between the towns of Whitchurch, Wem, Nantwich, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Newport and the city of Stoke on Trent. The town is on the Shropshire Union Canal and bypassed by the A53 road.
Acromyrmex rugosus
Acromyrmex rugosus is a species of leaf-cutter ant, a New World ant of the subfamily Myrmicinae of the genus Acromyrmex. This species is from one of the two genera of advanced attines (fungus-growing ants) within the tribe Attini.

Leafcutter ant
Leafcutter ants are fungus-growing ants that share the behaviour of cutting leaves which they carry back to their nests to farm fungus. Next to humans, leafcutter ants form some of the largest and most complex animal societies on Earth. In a few years, the central mound of their underground nests can grow to more than 30 m (98 ft) across, with smaller radiating mounds extending out to a radius of 80 m (260 ft), taking up 30 to 600 m2 (320 to 6,460 sq ft) and occupied by 3.55 million individuals.
Publications by Friedrich Chrysander
Karl Franz Friedrich Chrysander was a German music historian and critic, whose edition of the works of George Frideric Handel and authoritative writings on many other composers established him as a pioneer of 19th-century musicology.

Between 1858 and 1902, the Händel-Gesellschaft or "German Handel Society" edition of Handel's collected works was published, and this was almost entirely the work of Chrysander;

Friedrich Chrysander
Karl Franz Friedrich Chrysander (8 July 1826 – 3 September 1901) was a German music historian, critic and publisher, whose edition of the works of George Frideric Handel and authoritative writings on many other composers established him as a pioneer of 19th-century musicology.
1994 California Insurance Commissioner election
The 1994 California Insurance Commissioner election occurred on November 8, 1994. The primary elections took place on March 8, 1994. The Republican nominee, Chuck Quackenbush, narrowly defeated the Democratic nominee, State Senator Art Torres, for the office previously held by incumbent John Garamendi, who chose not to seek re-election in favor of running for governor.

Secretary of State of California
The secretary of state of California is the chief clerk of the U.S. state of California, overseeing a department of 500 people. The secretary of state is elected for four year terms, like the state's other constitutional officers; the officeholder is restricted by term limits to two terms. The current secretary of state is Shirley Weber, who assumed the role in 2021 after Alex Padilla's appointment to the US Senate.