hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qasr Abu Samrah
Qasr Abu Samrah (Arabic: قصر أبو سمرة) is a village and archaeological site in Syria, administratively a part of the Hama District of the Hama Governorate, located 31 kilometers (19 mi) northeast of Hama city. Nearby localities include Zughba to the north, al-Tulaysiyah to northwest, al-Junaynah to the west, Fan al-Shamali and Qasr al-Makhram to the southwest, Duma to the southeast, and al-Hazim to the northeast.

According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Qasr Abu Samrah had a population of 849 in the 2004 census.

Qasr Abu Samrah contains the ruins of a Byzantine-era tower and church, both of them not well-preserved. The church was built completely from basalt. One row of five columns, out of the original two, remains standing, large doorway of the structure.

On 2 December 2024, the opposition forces captured the town after the SAF abandoned their posts in order to retreat into Hama.

Duma, Hama
Duma (Arabic: دوما)  is a Syrian village located in Al-Hamraa Nahiyah in Hama District, Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Duma had a population of 499 in the 2004 census.
Dutch colonization of the Americas
The Netherlands began its colonization of the Americas with the establishment of trading posts and plantations. The first forts and settlements along the Essequibo River in Guyana date from the 1590s. Actual colonization, with the Dutch settling in the new lands, was not as common as by other European nations.
This colonization preceded the much wider known colonization activities of the Dutch in Asia, as the first Dutch fort in Asia was built in 1600 in present-day Indonesia.

Many of the Dutch settlements were lost or abandoned by the end of the 17th century, but the Netherlands managed to retain possession of Suriname until it gained independence in 1975. Among its several colonies in the region, only the Dutch Caribbean still remains to be part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands today.

New York Harbor
New York Harbor is a bay that covers all of the Upper Bay. It is at the mouth of the Hudson River near the East River tidal estuary on the East Coast of the United States.

New York Harbor is generally synonymous with  Upper New York Bay, which is enclosed by the New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Staten Island and the Hudson County, New Jersey, municipalities of Jersey City and Bayonne, although in colloquial usage it can sometimes expand to cover Upper and Lower New York Bay. New York Harbor is one of the largest natural harbors in the world.
Chimaphila
Chimaphila (prince's pine or wintergreen; from Greek: cheima 'winter' and philos 'lover', hence 'winter lover') is a genus of five species of small, evergreen, flowering plants native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They are classified in the family Ericaceae, but were formerly placed in the segregate family Pyrolaceae.

Species

Chimaphila japonica

Chimaphila maculata (spotted wintergreen, also called striped wintergreen, striped prince's pine or rheumatism root)

Chimaphila menziesii (little prince's pine)

Chimaphila monticola

Chimaphila umbellata (umbellate wintergreen, pipsissewa, or prince's pine)

Chimaphila umbellata
Chimaphila umbellata, the umbellate wintergreen, pipsissewa, or prince's pine, is a small perennial flowering plant found in dry woodlands, or sandy soils. It is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere.
Estadio Víctor Legrotaglie
Estadio Víctor Antonio Legrotaglie is a football stadium located at the General San Martín Park in the city of Mendoza of the homonymous province, Argentina.

Inaugurated in 1934, the stadium is owned and operated by club Club Gimnasia y Esgrima and has a capacity of 11,000 spectators being one of the largest stadiums in the province after Estadio Malvinas Argentinas (42,000), Estadio Bautista Gargantini (24,000), and Estadio Feliciano Gambarte (17,000).

The venue was named after Víctor Legrotaglie, former player and manager of Gimnasia y Esgrima and largely regarded as the greatest idol in club's history.

Estadio Feliciano Gambarte
Estadio Feliciano Gambarte, nicknamed La Bodega, is a stadium in Godoy Cruz, Mendoza, Argentina. It is used primarily for football matches and is owned and operated by Godoy Cruz Antonio Tomba. The stadium, inaugurated in 1959, holds 21,000 spectators.

The stadium was named "Estadio Nuevo" until 1986, when it was renamed "Feliciano Gambarte", to honor former athlete and president of the club. In 2023, the club started works to refurbish and expand the stadium in order to increase its capacity to 21,000 spectators. The stadium was reopened in July 2025.
NGC 78
NGC 78 is a pair of galaxies in the constellation Pisces. NGC 78A, which is the more southern galaxy, is a barred spiral galaxy. NGC 78B, which is the more northern galaxy, is an elliptical galaxy. Although the designations NGC 78A and 78B are used today, the designation NGC 78 was formerly used mainly for the northern galaxy.

Pisces (constellation)
Pisces  is a constellation of the zodiac. Its vast bulk — and main asterism viewed in most European cultures per Greco-Roman antiquity as a distant pair of fishes connected by one cord each that join at an apex — are in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its traditional astrological symbol is  (♓︎). Its name is Latin for "fishes". It is between Aquarius, of similar size, to the southwest and Aries, which is smaller, to the east. The ecliptic and the celestial equator intersect within this constellation, at the first point of Aries, and in Virgo, at the first point of Libra. The Sun passes directly overhead of the equator, on average, at approximately this point in the sky, at the March equinox.

The right ascension/declination 00 is located within the boundaries of Pisces.
Château Frontenac
The Fairmont Le Château Frontenac, commonly referred to as the Château Frontenac (French pronunciation: [ʃɑto fʁɔ̃tnak]), is a historic hotel in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. The hotel is situated in Old Quebec, within the historic district's Upper Town, on the southern side of Place d'Armes. The Château Frontenac was designed by New York architect Bruce Price in the Château style. It was built by the Canadian Pacific Railway company. The hotel is managed by Fairmont Hotels & Resorts. It is considered the most photographed hotel in the world.

Opened in 1893, the Châteauesque-styled building has 18 floors; its 79.9-metre (262-foot) height is augmented by its 54-metre (177-foot) ground elevation. It was one of the first of Canada's grand railway hotels, and was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1981. The hotel was expanded on three occasions, with the last major expansion taking place in 1993.

Second Quebec Conference
The Second Quebec Conference (codenamed "OCTAGON") was a high-level military conference held during World War II by the British and American governments. The conference was held in Quebec City, September 12 – September 16, 1944, and was the second conference to be held in Quebec, after "QUADRANT" in August 1943. The chief representatives were Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Combined Chiefs of Staff.  Canada's Prime Minister  William Lyon Mackenzie King was the host but did not attend the key meetings.

Agreements were reached on the following topics: Allied occupation zones in defeated Germany, the Morgenthau Plan to demilitarize Germany, continued U.S. Lend-Lease aid to Britain, and the role of the Royal Navy in the war against Japan. Based on the Hyde Park Aide-Mémoire, they made plans to drop the atomic bomb on Japan.
Patrol torpedo boat PT-37
The PT-37 was an American PT-20 class motor torpedo boat deployed in World War II. It was laid down 12 April 1941 by the Electric Boat Co., Elco Works, Bayonne, NJ, and entered service on 18 July 1941.

On 11–12 December 1942, while patrolling off Guadalcanal, PT-37 and PT-40 attacked the Japanese destroyer Teruzuki (then the flagship of Rear Admiral Raizō Tanaka), successfully hitting her with torpedoes. Depth charges on the ship eventually exploded causing her to sink three hours later.

PT-37 was sunk by gunfire from the Japanese destroyer Kawakaze off Guadalcanal on 1 February 1943.

Japanese destroyer Teruzuki (1941)
Teruzuki (照月; "Shining Moon" or "Illuminated Moon") was the second of 13 Akizuki-class destroyers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the 1940s. The Akizuki-class ships were given a heavy armament of eight dual-purpose guns to fulfill their designed role as aircraft carrier escorts, although the design was modified with additional weapons to improve their flexibility. Completed in mid-1942, Teruzuki played a minor role in the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands in October. The following month she participated in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, crippling several American warships, without taking any damage herself. The ship was sunk in December by American patrol torpedo boats as she escorted a convoy delivering supplies to the Japanese troops on Guadalcanal.
High-occupancy toll lane
A high-occupancy toll lane (HOT lane) is a type of traffic lane or roadway that is available to high-occupancy vehicles and other exempt vehicles without charge; other vehicles are required to pay a variable fee that is adjusted in response to demand. Unlike toll roads, drivers have an option to use general purpose lanes, on which a fee is not charged. Express toll lanes, which are less common, operate along similar lines, but do not exempt high-occupancy vehicles.

Carriageway
A carriageway (British English) or roadway (North American English) is a width of road on which a vehicle is not restricted by any physical barriers or separation to move laterally. A carriageway generally consists of a number of traffic lanes together with any associated shoulder, but may be a sole lane in width (for example, a highway offramp).
Askarbek Salymbekov
Askarbek Salymbekov is a Kyrgyz politician. He was a former mayor of the capital Bishkek and withdrew his candidacy for another term in 2005. He was replaced on August 18, 2005, by Arstanbek Nogoev who was voted to become the capital's new mayor by a vote of 37 for and 3 against.

Mayor of Bishkek
The Mayor of the City of Bishkek (Kyrgyz: Бишкек шаарынын мэри, romanised: Bishkek shaarynyn meri) is head of the executive branch of the political system of the Government of Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan. The mayor's office administers all city services, public property, police and fire protection, most public agencies, and enforces all city and state laws within Bishkek.
Balintang Islands
Balintang Islands are a small group of rocky islands in the middle of Balintang Channel, in Luzon Strait, northern Philippines. The islands are almost equidistant to both Babuyan Island, Cagayan, which lies about 29 miles (47 km) to the southwest, and Sabtang Island, Batanes, located 28 miles (45 km) to the northwest. The group is composed of seven small, sharp-peaked islets and rocks visible about 24 miles (39 km) in clear weather. Taiwan is directly to the north of Luzon Island in the Philippines via Luzon Strait to Bashi Channel.

Luzon Strait
The Luzon Strait (Tagalog: Kipot ng Luzon, Chinese: 呂宋海峽; pinyin: Lǚsòng hǎixiá; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lū-sòng Hái-kiap) is the strait between Luzon and Taiwan.  The strait thereby connects the Philippine Sea to the South China Sea in the western Pacific Ocean.

This body of water is an important strait for shipping and communications. Many ships from the Americas use this route to go to important East Asian ports. Many submarine communications cables pass through the Luzon Strait. These cables provide important data and telephony services to: mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan and South Korea. These cables also connect to Southeast Asia: Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, Vietnam, and Thailand. The Luzon strait also hosts cables that span Southeast Asia and the Western coasts of the Americas, mainly: the United States, and Mexico.
Junchen
Junchen (Chinese: 軍臣, Old Chinese (ZS): *kun-gin; r. 161–126 BCE) was the son and successor to Laoshang Chanyu. As chanyu of the Xiongnu Empire, Junchen outlived the Han emperors Wen (r. 180–157 BC) and Jing (r. 157–141 BC). He died during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han (r. 141–87 BC). All three Han emperors confirmed the heqin peace and kinship treaty with the Xiongnu.

Chanyu
Chanyu (simplified Chinese: 单于; traditional Chinese: 單于; pinyin: Chányú) or Shanyu (Chinese: 善于), short for Chengli Gutu Chanyu (Chinese: 撐犁孤塗單于; pinyin: Chēnglí Gūtu Chányú), was the title used by the supreme rulers of Inner Asian nomads for eight centuries  until superseded by the title "Khagan" in 402 AD.  The title was most famously used by the ruling Luandi clan of the Xiongnu during the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and Han dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD).  It was later also used infrequently by the Chinese as a reference to Tujue leaders.
Kelvin Central Buses
Kelvin Central Buses was a bus operator in Scotland. Formed as a subsidiary of the Scottish Bus Group in July 1989 from the merger of Kelvin Scottish and Central Scottish, it was sold in a management buyout and in July 1998, became part of First Glasgow.

Bus deregulation in Great Britain
Bus deregulation in Great Britain involved the abolition of Road Service Licensing for bus services outside of Greater London. It began in 1980 with long-distance bus services and was extended to local bus services in 1986 under the Transport Act 1985. The abolition of Road Service Licensing removed the public sector's role in fare-setting, routes, and bus frequencies and returned those powers to bus operators.
Galgenberg (Elbingerode)
The Galgenberg is a 506.1-metre-high hill east of Elbingerode (Harz) in the Harz Mountains of central Germany. It marks the highest point on the row of limestone crags found there. The old Trock Way (Trockweg), which ran from Quedlinburg to the imperial stronghold of Bodfeld, probably ran past the Galgenberg immediately to the north. East of the hill lies the abandoned village of Erdfelde that was closely linked to Bodfeld.

Elbingerode
Elbingerode (German pronunciation: [ɛlbɪŋəˈʁoːdə] ⓘ) is an Ortsteil of Oberharz am Brocken in the Harz district, in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. The former town was incorporated into the newly established municipality on 1 January 2010. Its population is 3,101 (2021).
2013 Belk Bowl
The 2013 Belk Bowl was an American college football bowl game that was played on December 28, 2013, at Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina.  It was one of the 2013–14 bowl games that concluded the 2013 FBS football season.  The twelfth edition of the Belk Bowl, it featured the Cincinnati Bearcats of the American Athletic Conference against the North Carolina Tar Heels of the Atlantic Coast Conference.  It began at 3:20 p.m. EST and aired on ESPN.  The game was sponsored by the Belk department store company.  North Carolina defeated Cincinnati by a score of 39–17.

The Bearcats accepted their invitation after earning a 9–3 record for the season, while the Tar Heels accepted their bid after going 6–6 on the season.

Duke's Mayo Bowl
The Duke's Mayo Bowl is an annual college football bowl game that has been played at Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina, since 2002. Originally commissioned as the Queen City Bowl, it has undergone many name changes due to sponsorship rights. The bowl has tie-ins with the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC), Southeastern Conference (SEC), and Big Ten Conference.
Nitroscanate
Nitroscanate (trade name Lopatol) is an anthelmintic drug used in veterinary medicine to treat Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria stenocephala, Taenia, and Dipylidium caninum (roundworms, hookworms and tapeworms).

Anthelmintic
Anthelmintics, anthelminthics, antihelmintics or antihelminthics are a group of antiparasitic drugs that expel parasitic worms (helminths) and other internal parasites from the body by either stunning or killing them without causing significant damage to the host. They may also be called vermifuges (those that stun) or vermicides (those that kill). Anthelmintics are used to treat people who are infected by helminths, a condition called helminthiasis. These drugs are also used to treat infected animals, particularly small ruminants such as goats and sheep.

Anthelmintic medication is also used in mass deworming campaigns of school-aged children in many developing countries. Anthelmintics are also used for mass deworming of livestock. The drugs of choice for soil-transmitted helminths are mebendazole and albendazole; for schistosomiasis and tapeworms it is praziquantel.
King of the Ring (2008)
The 2008 King of the Ring was the 18th edition of the King of the Ring tournament produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held as a special episode of Raw on April 21, 2008, at BI-LO Center in Greenville, South Carolina. Unlike the previous 2006 tournament that only featured wrestlers from the SmackDown brand division, the 2008 tournament featured wrestlers from all three of WWE's brands at the time—Raw, SmackDown, and ECW. The 2008 tournament was won by Raw's William Regal, who defeated ECW's CM Punk in the final.

Professional wrestling aerial techniques
Aerial techniques, also known as "high-flying moves" are performance techniques used in professional wrestling for simulated assault on opponents. The techniques involve jumping from the ring's posts and ropes, demonstrating the speed and agility of smaller, nimble and acrobatically inclined wrestlers, with many preferring this style instead of throwing or locking the opponent.

Aerial techniques can be challenging for wrestlers to learn since they learn to trust the other performer, the nominal opponent, to either target the jump correctly or to safely catch their fall. Due to the risk of injury caused by these high-risk moves, some promotions have banned the use of some of them.

The next list of maneuvers was made under general categories whenever possible.
2013–14 Segunda Liga
The 2013–14 Segunda Liga, also known as the Liga Revolução by Cabovisão for sponsorship reasons, was the 24th season of the second-tier of football in Portugal. A total of 22 teams played in the league in this season.

Moreirense and Penafiel were promoted to the 2014–15 Primeira Liga, while Aves played (and lost for 2–0 on aggregate) a play-off with Paços de Ferreira (classified in the 15th position in the 2013–14 Primeira Liga) for a place in the 2014–15 Primeira Liga.
Atlético stayed in the 2014–15 Segunda Liga after being invited by the Portuguese League for Professional Football (LPFP) as the 2014–15 Primeira Liga competition was expanded to 18 teams, because Boavista was reintegrated, along with the expansion of the 2014–15 Segunda Liga competition to 24 teams and also to the impossibility of a 4th place club from the 2013–14 Campeonato Nacional de Seniores to be promoted.

2014–15 Primeira Liga
The 2014–15 Primeira Liga (also known as Liga NOS for sponsorship reasons) was the 81st season of the Primeira Liga, the top professional league for Portuguese association football clubs. It began on 15 August 2014 and concluded on 23 May 2015.

On 17 May 2015, Benfica won their second consecutive and 34th overall title.
Ambala Air Force Station
The Ambala Air Force Station (IATA: AMI, ICAO: VIAM) is an Indian Air Force base situated north of the urban Ambala Cantt area in Haryana, India. The Ambala Air Force Station is the home to the first batch of advance multirole fighter jet Dassault Rafales that have been inducted to Indian Air Force.

Bristol F.2 Fighter
The Bristol F.2 Fighter is a British First World War two-seat biplane fighter and reconnaissance aircraft developed by Frank Barnwell at the British and Colonial Aeroplane Company later known as the Bristol Aeroplane Company. It is often simply called the Bristol Fighter, "Brisfit" or "Biff".

Although the type was intended initially as a replacement for the pre-war Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2c reconnaissance aircraft, the new Rolls-Royce Falcon V12 engine gave it the performance of a fighter.

Despite a disastrous start to its career, the definitive F.2B version proved to be a manoeuvrable aircraft that was able to hold its own against single-seat fighters while its robust design ensured that it remained in military service into the early 1930s. Some war-surplus aircraft were registered for civilian use and versions with passenger cabins were converted.
Gmina Trzebiatów
Gmina Trzebiatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northwestern Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzebiatów, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) north of Gryfice and 85 km (53 mi) northeast of the regional capital, Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 225.44 square kilometres (87.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population was 16,803 (out of which the population of Trzebiatów amounted to 10,113, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 6,690).

Gryfice
Gryfice (pronounced Gri-fitse [ɡrɨˈfʲit͡sɛ] ⓘ; German: Greifenberg) is a historic town in Pomerania, north-western Poland, with 16,600 inhabitants (2017). It is the capital of Gryfice County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship. The town is situated approximately 22 kilometres from the Baltic Sea coast and seaside resorts.
Bettendorf Transit
Bettendorf Transit is the operator of public transportation in Scott County, Iowa. Bus service began in the city in 1974, with the municipality contracted with Moline for the creation of one intercity line. In 1980, fixed route service began, and today four local and one intercity routes are provided, using 6 standard and two smaller buses. Standard fares are 60 cents; while all buses are wheelchair accessible, paratransit is not a function of this agency, but instead is a function of River Bend Transit.

River Bend Transit
River Bend Transit is the provider of paratransit and demand response transportation in the Iowa portion of the Quad Cities. In 1978, it was formed as the first regional consolidated transportation system in the area. The elderly, persons with disabilities, and low income individuals without transportation to work are the primary users of the system.
Megaleporinus muyscorum
Megaleporinus muyscorum is a species of freshwater fish in the genus Megaleporinus. It is endemic to Colombia, where it occurs in the Magdalena River Basin and Atrato River. The species was first described by Franz Steindachner in 1900.

Altiplano Cundiboyacense
The Altiplano Cundiboyacense (Spanish pronunciation: [altiˈplano kundiβoʝaˈsense]) is a high plateau located in the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes covering parts of the departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá. (Do not confuse with The Altiplano or the Altiplano Nariñense, both further south.) The altiplano corresponds to the ancient territory of the Muisca. The Altiplano Cundiboyacense comprises three distinctive flat regions; the Bogotá savanna, the valleys of Ubaté and Chiquinquirá, and the valleys of Duitama and Sogamoso. The average altitude of the altiplano is about 2,600 metres (8,500 ft) above sea level but ranges from roughly 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) to 4,000 metres (13,000 ft).
Tang Ying-shen
Tang Ying-shen (Chinese: 湯英伸; pinyin: Tāng Yīngshēn; July 26, 1967 – May 15, 1987) was a Taiwanese Tsou aborigine who was convicted of murdering his employer's family and executed by shooting in 1986. At age 19, he was the youngest death row inmate in Taiwanese history. His case brought attention to the discrimination and racism Taiwanese aboriginals faced in society.

Tsou people
The Tsou (Tsou: Cou; Chinese: 鄒; pinyin: Zōu; Wade–Giles: Tsou) are an indigenous people of central southern Taiwan. They are an Austronesian ethnic group. They reside in Chiayi County and Nantou County.

The Tsou numbered around 6,000, approximately 1.19% of Taiwan's total Indigenous population, making them the seventh-largest indigenous group. They are sometimes confused with the Thao people of Sun Moon Lake.