hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Putnam model
The Putnam model is an empirical software effort estimation model created by Lawrence H. Putnam in 1978.  Measurements of a software project is collected (e.g., effort in man-years, elapsed time, and lines of code) and an equation fitted to the data using regression analysis.  Future effort estimates are made by providing size and calculating the associated effort using the equation which fit the original data (usually with some error).

SLIM (Software LIfecycle Management) is the name given by Putnam to the proprietary suite of tools his 
company QSM, Inc. developed, based on his model.  It is one of the earliest 
of these types of models developed.  Closely related software parametric models are Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO), Parametric Review of Information for Costing and Evaluation – Software (PRICE-S), and Software Evaluation and Estimation of Resources – Software Estimating Model (SEER-SEM).

A claimed advantage to this model is the simplicity of calibration.

Software development effort estimation
In software development, effort estimation is the process of predicting the most realistic amount of effort (expressed in terms of person-hours or money) required to develop or maintain software based on incomplete, uncertain and noisy input. Effort estimates may be used as input to project plans, iteration plans, budgets, investment analyses, pricing processes and bidding rounds.
Paulette Christian
Paulette Christian (née, Paulette Sandan; 1927 in Nice, France – November 20, 1967, in Buenos Aires, Argentina) was a French-Argentine vedette, singer and actress of film, theater and television who had a long career in Argentina. 
Christian had been a member of the anti-Nazi resistance during World War II. She spent seven years in the US. She made her acting career during Argentina's golden age of film and television. She appeared with José Cibrian, Osvaldo Miranda, Angel Magaña, Zulma Faiad, Jorge Larrea, Susana Campos, Amelia Bence, among others. She debuted on television in 1955. She was a pioneer in the French bataclanas style in Argentina, along with May Avril and Xénia Monty. She committed suicide in 1967.

Osvaldo Miranda (actor)
Osvaldo Isaías Mathon Miranda (November 3, 1915 – April 20, 2011) was an Argentine film and television actor whose credits also included more than fifty stage productions.

He was born in Villa Crespo neighbourhood, in Buenos Aires, to Spanish immigrants. Miranda began his career as a tango dancer. His film credits included Cita en las estrellas in 1949 and Los muchachos de antes no usaban gomina in 1969. Miranda also appeared in numerous television roles including Mi cuñado, La nena, and the long-running television series, Escala Musical.

Miranda was the namesake of the Argentine electropop group, Miranda!.

Miranda died on April 20, 2011, in Buenos Aires at the age of 95.
Coahuila State Government Palace
The Coahuila State Government Palace (Spanish: El Palacio de Gobierno de Coahuila), also known as Pink Palace (Spanish: Palacio Rosa) is a building located in Saltillo, Mexico. It serves as the state government building of Coahuila and a part of the state's capital. The neoclassical structure holds multiple rooms to accommodate seats for designated executive officials, including the governor. The palace is nicknamed "Pink Palace" due to its exterior pink color from the quarry sandstone. The building sits in the Plaza de Armas central square and right beside the San Esteban de Nueva Tlaxcala (Santa Cruz) fountain. The palace includes three floors and a museum which visitors can enter without fee.

San Esteban de Nueva Tlaxcala
25°25′19″N 101°00′07″W﻿ / ﻿25.422°N 101.002°W﻿ / 25.422; -101.002
San Esteban de Nueva Tlaxcala was a Tlaxcalan municipality in what is now the Mexican state of Coahuila. San Esteban was the northernmost of the six Tlaxcalan colonies established in 1591 at the behest of the Viceroy of New Spain, Luis de Velasco; its founders came from Tizatlan.  In 1834, San Esteban was merged into the adjoining city of Saltillo.

On the sparsely settled northeastern frontier of Mexico, menaced by hostile Indigenous people (Indians), the Tlaxcalans were allies of the Spanish settlers against the Indigenous of the region, but also stood apart with an independent society.  San Esteban was often in legal controversies with the Spanish settlers of Saltillo.
Michael Geller-Gieleta
Michael Geller-Gieleta (born 16 January, 1974) is a British stage director and civil-rights advocate. He served as the artistic director of the Cherub Theatre Company, and has directed theatre, opera and film productions internationally, including the production of Tosca. As a rights advocate, Geller-Gieleta founded Theatre Against Antisemitism in November 2023, a non-profit initiative aimed at combatting prejudice in the performing arts industry and beyond.

The Kiss (opera)
The Kiss (Czech: Hubička) is an opera in two acts, with music by Bedřich Smetana and text by Eliška Krásnohorská, based on a novel by Karolina Světlá.  It received its first performance at the Provisional Theatre in Prague on 7 November 1876.
1879 AAC Championships
The 1879 AAC Championships were two outdoor track and field competitions organised by the Amateur Athletic Club (AAC) and London Athletic Club (LAC). The first was the usual annual AAC championships, held at the Lillie Bridge Grounds on 7 April 1879.

A second championships was organised in the Summer of 1879 to allow for the growing demand of club athletes to compete. Previously the championships in March were organised largely to suit the availality of university athletes.

The Summer Championships were held on Saturday 14 June and Monday 16 June 1879 at the Stamford Bridge Running Grounds in England.

AAC Championships
The AAC Championships was an annual track and field competition organised by the Amateur Athletic Club (the de facto governing body for amateur athletics in the United Kingdom). It was the foremost domestic athletics event in the United Kingdom during its lifetime and was the predecessor of the prestigious AAA Championships.
Cherry Grove, New York
Cherry Grove (often referred to locally as the Grove) is a hamlet in the Town of Brookhaven, Suffolk County, New York, United States. It is located on Fire Island, a barrier island separated from the southern side of Long Island by the Great South Bay. The hamlet has approximately 300 houses on 41 acres (17 ha), a summer seasonal population of 2,000 and a year-round population of 15.

Cherry Grove, along with nearby Fire Island Pines, is considered one of the most popular lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT)–accepting resort communities in the United States.

Prunus serotina
Prunus serotina, commonly called black cherry, wild black cherry, rum cherry, or mountain black cherry, is a deciduous tree or shrub in the rose family Rosaceae. Despite its common names, it is not very closely related to commonly cultivated cherries. It is found in the Americas.
2015 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 2015 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 125th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887. The championship ran from 4 April to 25 October 2015.

Thurles Sarsfields enetered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 25 October 2015 at Semple Stadium in Thurles, between Thurles Sarsfields and Nenagh Éire Óg, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Thurles Sarsfields won the match by 1–18 to 3–11 to claim their 34th championship title overall and a second title in succession.

2014 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 2014 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 124th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887. The championship began on 12 April 2014 and ended on 2 November 2014.

Loughmore-Castleiney were the defending champions. Thurles Sarsfields won the title following a 2–22 to 3–11 defeat of Loughmore-Castleiney in the final.
2026 Six Nations Under 20s Championship
The 2026 Six Nations Under 20s Championship is the 19th Six Nations Under 20s Championship, an annual northern hemisphere rugby union tournament contested by the under-20 men's national teams of England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales. France are the reigning champions, having won their fourth title in 2025.

2025 Six Nations Under 20s Championship
The 2025 Six Nations Under 20s Championship was the 18th Six Nations Under 20s Championship, an annual northern hemisphere rugby union tournament contested by the under-20 men's national teams of England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales. England were the reigning champions, having won their 10th title in 2024, and went into the final day of this year's competition with a chance to win a second straight Six Nations title for the first time since 2013; however, France's 45–40 victory over Scotland in Paris meant France won their fourth Six Nations title, their first since 2018.
1935 Singapore Open
The 1935 Singapore Open, also known as the 1935 Singapore Badminton Championships, took place from 13 July – 15 September 1935 at the Clerical Union Hall in Balestier, Singapore. The ties were played over a few months with the first round ties being played on the 13th of July and the last (men's singles final) was played on the 15th of September. There were no women's singles and doubles competitions being held due to the lack of entries.

Singapore Open (badminton)
The Singapore Open is a badminton event held annually in Singapore since 1929. Since 2023, the Badminton World Federation (BWF) categorised the Singapore Open as one of the six BWF World Tour Super 750 events within its tournament structure.

In 1929, the Singapore Badminton Association (SBA) was formed to promote the sport and organize competitions. The first official annual open championships were held in the same year and the best players were selected to represent Singapore in regional tournaments. In 1957, it became an open invitation championship and was held annually until 1973.

In 1987–1989, the tournament was known as the Konica Cup, an invitation-only championship for Asian players, and in 1990, it joined the International Badminton Federation Grand Prix circuit for the first time. In 2007, the Singapore Open became part of the BWF Super Series. In 2018, it was designated as a Super 500 event. In 2023, it was further upgraded into a Super 750 event.
Battle of La Roche-l'Abeille
The Battle of La Roche-l'Abeille occurred on 25 June 1569 between the Catholic forces of King Charles IX of France commanded by the Duke d’Anjou and the Huguenots commanded by the Admiral de Coligny during the third war (1568–1570) of the French Wars of Religion.

Limousin (province)
Limousin (French pronunciation: [limuzɛ̃] ⓘ; Occitan: Lemosin [lemuˈzi]) is a former province of the Kingdom of France. It existed from 1589 until 1790, when the National Constituent Assembly adopted a more uniform division into departments (départements) and districts (arrondissements). It is located in the foothills of the western edge of the Massif Central and surrounds the city of Limoges (Occitan: Limòtges).

The territory of the former province of Limousin corresponds to an area smaller than the administrative region, comprising the current department of Corrèze, the southern half of Haute-Vienne (including Limoges, its historic capital), and a small part of the Dordogne.
Lala Musa Junction railway station
Lala Musa Junction Railway Station (Urdu and Punjabi: لالہ موسیٰ جنکشن ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Lala Musa city, Gujrat district of Punjab province, Pakistan. The station serves as a junction for Malakwal Junction railway station and Sargodha Junction railway station.

Sargodha Junction railway station
Sargodha Junction Railway Station (Urdu: سرگودها جنکشن ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in the city of Sargodha, Punjab province of Pakistan. An important railway station of Pakistan Railways, it serves as the junction between the Shorkot–Lalamusa Branch Line and Sangla Hill–Kundian Branch Line.
3rd Parliament of Ceylon
The 3rd Parliament of Ceylon was a meeting of the Parliament of Ceylon, with the membership determined by the results of the 1956 parliamentary election between 5 and 10 April 1956. The parliament met for the first time on 19 April 1956 and was dissolved on 5 December 1959.

1956 Ceylonese parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Ceylon  in 1956. They were a watershed in the country's political history, and were the first elections fought to realistically challenge the ruling United National Party. Former Leader of the House S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike crossed over to the opposition to form the Sri Lanka Freedom Party to launch his bid for Prime Minister. The party won the election with 51 seats, winning a majority in the house.
Grafting (knitting)
In knitting, grafting is a method of joining knitted fabric using yarn and a needle in one of three types of seams. This can be used to join two sets of live stitches, or one set of live stitches to an edge or hem.

The Kitchener stitch is a common method of grafting and creates a "seamless" join that looks like the rest of the knit fabric. . The yarn follows the route of a row of ordinary knitting, with the knitter pulling the yarn on the needle through the stitches as they sew as if to knit or purl. This is often done when closing off a knitted sock at the toe. The technique is named after Horatio Herbert Kitchener, though the technique was practiced long before.

Seam (sewing)
In sewing, a seam is the join where two or more layers of fabric, leather, or other materials are held together with stitches. Prior to the invention of the sewing machine, all sewing was done by hand. Seams in modern mass-produced household textiles, sporting goods, and ready-to-wear clothing are sewn by computerized machines, while home shoemaking, dressmaking, quilting, crafts, haute couture and tailoring may use a combination of hand and machine sewing.

In clothing construction, seams are classified by their type (plain, lapped, abutted, or French seams) and position in the finished garment (center back seam, inseam, side seam). Seams are finished with a variety of techniques to prevent raveling of raw fabric edges and to neaten the inside of garments.

The most common standard for seams is ASTM International ASTM D6193-16(2020)  This standard  also covers various types of stitches
2021 Clare Senior Hurling Championship
The 2021 Clare Senior Hurling Championship was a competition in hurling that was the 126th staging of the Clare Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Clare County Board in 1887.

With Sixmilebridge having won back-to-back titles in 2019 and 2020, they are looking to be the first Clare club team to win a three-in-a-row since Newmarket-on-Fergus in 1973. They defeated near-neighbours O'Callaghan's Mills in the 2020 final who were contesting their first final since 1993 which they ironically also lost to Sixmilebridge.

The 2021 Championship changed from the regular layout in adopting a group stage format. In 2020 a decision was made to not relegate any team from any championship in Clare due to the Coronavirus Pandemic.

2019 Clare Senior Hurling Championship
The 2019 Clare Senior Hurling Championship was the 124th staging of the Clare Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Clare County Board in 1887.

The defending champions and holders of the Canon Hamilton Cup were Ballyea.
Cửa Việt Base
Cửa Việt Base (also known as Cửa Việt Combat Base, Cửa Việt Naval Support Activity, Camp Kistler or simply Cửa Việt) is a former U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Navy, U.S. Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) base north of Quảng Trị in central Vietnam.

Landing craft mechanized
The landing craft mechanized (LCM) is a military landing craft designed for carrying personnel and vehicles from ship to shore without requiring a pier or other shore-based structure. Multiple different models with varying size, capacity, and power plants were produced starting in 1920. They came to prominence during the Second World War when they were used to land troops and tanks during Allied amphibious assaults.
Timeline of the Sudanese civil war (2024)
The following is a timeline of the Sudanese civil war (2023–present) in 2024.

This timeline is a dynamic and fluid list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Moreover, some events may only be fully understood and/or discovered in retrospect.

Al-Bara' ibn Malik Battalion
The Al-Bara' ibn Malik Battalion (Arabic: كتيبة البراء بن مالك, romanized: Katībat al-Barāʼ ibn Mālik), also spelled as El-Baraa Ibn Malik or Abaraa Iban Malik, is a Sudanese Islamist militia that emerged within the complex network of militias and armed factions in Sudan, operating within the Sudanese Popular Resistance movement. The militia is linked to the Popular Defence Forces, a paramilitary group that was active during Bashir regime era, and currently known as the 'Shadow Battalions'. It has been active in supporting the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) in their ongoing battles against the Rapid Support Forces (RSF).

The organization is currently fighting with the SAF on the Khartoum front lines against the RSF and has consequently gained popularity among locals.
Gude Crest
Gude Crest - The Emblem of Gude (女戦士エフェ＆ジーラ　グーデの紋章, Onna Senshi Efe & Jīra: Gūde no Monshō, "Female Soldiers Efe & Jira: Crest of Gude") is a 1990 one-shot anime. The anime, based on the fantasy novel series Onna Senshi Efera to Jiriora by Reiko Hikawa, runs for 45 minutes and was produced by J.C.Staff and by Tairiku Shobu (大陸書房). It was published in English by ADV Films. Enoki Films USA licensed the series as Jun and Sarah: Sacrifice of the Evil Spirit.

Jonathan Clements and Helen McCarthy, authors of The Anime Encyclopedia, Revised & Expanded Edition: A Guide to Japanese Animation Since 1917, described the work as being "in the spirit of the later Slayers".

J.C.Staff
J.C.Staff Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社ジェー・シー・スタッフ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Jē Shī Sutaffu) is a Japanese animation studio founded in January 1986 by Tomoyuki Miyata, who previously worked at Tatsunoko Production. The studio's first release was  Yōtōden in 1987. They have produced several well-known anime series, such as Aria the Scarlet Ammo, Azumanga Daioh, Bakuman, the A Certain Magical Index franchise (including Railgun and Accelerator), Date A Live III, The Disastrous Life of Saiki K., Edens Zero, The Familiar of Zero, Fairy Tail: 100 Years Quest, Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma, Golden Time, Is It Wrong to Try to Pick Up Girls in a Dungeon?, Maid Sama!, Mewkledreamy, One-Punch Man season 2 and 3, Revolutionary Girl Utena, Slayers, Shakugan no Shana, The Pet Girl of Sakurasou, and Toradora!.
Brazil women's national ice hockey team
The Brazilian women's national ice hockey team (Portuguese: Seleção Brasileira Feminina de Hóquei no Gelo) is the national women's ice hockey team of Brazil. The team is controlled by the Brazilian Ice Sports Federation and as an associate member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). Brazil is currently not ranked in the IIHF World Ranking and has still not actively competing in any World Championship.

Brazilian Ice Sports Federation
The Brazilian Ice Sports Federation (Portuguese: Confederação Brasileira de Desportos no Gelo, CBDG) was founded by Eric Maleson, Brazil's first bobsled athlete. The CBDG was established in 1996 and affiliated to the Brazilian Olympic Committee in 1999. The federation qualified 7 athletes for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah (5 bobsled athletes and 2 luge athletes) and a 4-man bobsled team for the 2006 Winter Olympics in Torino.

The federation is responsible for the development of all winter Olympic ice sport modalities for Brazil including bobsled, skeleton, luge, figure, long track and short track speed skating, curling, and ice hockey.
TOP Oss
TOP Oss (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtɔp ɔs]), is a professional association football club based in the town of Oss, North Brabant, Netherlands, that competes in the Eerste Divisie, the second tier of the Dutch football league system. Founded in 1928 as T.O.P., a Dutch abbreviation for Tot Ons Plezier (English translation: To our pleasure), the team plays its home matches at the Frans Heesen Stadion, where it has been based since 1946.

The club's history includes numerous promotions and relegations, and some spells of sustained success. It has perhaps been most prominent since the early 1990s, where the club established itself in the second-tier of Dutch football. TOP Oss have a rivalry with nearby club FC Den Bosch.

FC Den Bosch
FC Den Bosch (Dutch pronunciation: [ɛfˈseː dɛmˈbɔs]) is a professional football club from 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands. They currently compete in the Eerste Divisie.

They were founded 18 August 1965, as FC Den Bosch/BVV. They are the successor of BVV (1906) and Wilhelmina (1890). Their stadium is called 'De Vliert', an 6,500 all-seater. Ruud van Nistelrooy started his professional career at this club. In 2005 they finished bottom of the Eredivisie and were relegated and currently compete in the Eerste Divisie.
Jūmonji Tomokazu
Jūmonji Tomokazu (born 9 June 1976) is a former sumo wrestler from Aomori, Japan. Joining the professional ranks in 1992, he reached the top division in 2000 and was ranked there for 34 tournaments until 2007. His highest rank was maegashira 6. He was forced to retire in April 2011 after an investigation by the Japan Sumo Association found him guilty of match-fixing.

Professional sumo divisions
Professional sumo as administered by the Japanese Sumo Association is divided into six ranked divisions. Wrestlers are promoted and demoted within and between these divisions based on the merit of their win–loss records in official tournaments. For more information, see kachi-koshi and make-koshi. Wrestlers are also ranked within each division. The higher a wrestler's rank within a division is, the general level of opponents he will have to face becomes stronger. According to tradition, each rank is further subdivided into East and West, with East being slightly more prestigious, and ranked slightly higher than its West counterpart. The divisions, ranked in order of hierarchy from highest to lowest, are as follows:
Manhattan Waterfront Greenway
The Manhattan Waterfront Greenway is a waterfront greenway for walking or cycling, 32 miles (51 km) long, around the island of Manhattan, in New York City. The largest portions are operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. It is separated from motor traffic, and many sections also separate pedestrians from cyclists.  There are three principal parts — the East, Harlem and Hudson River Greenways.

The non-profit organization Shorewalkers NYC, launched in 1982, works to promote and preserve the Manhattan waterfront. It organizes every year The Great Saunter, a 32-mile hike around Manhattan close to the waterline.

FDR Drive
Franklin D. Roosevelt East River Drive, commonly known as the FDR Drive, is a controlled-access parkway on the east side of the New York City borough of Manhattan. It starts near South and Broad Streets, just north of the Battery Park Underpass, and runs north along the East River to the 125th Street / Robert F. Kennedy Bridge interchange, where it becomes Harlem River Drive. All of FDR Drive is designated New York State Route 907L (NY 907L), an unsigned reference route.

FDR Drive features a mix of below-grade, at-grade, and elevated sections, as well as three partially covered tunnels. The parkway is mostly three lanes in each direction, except for several small sections.

By law, the current weight limit on FDR Drive from 23rd Street to Harlem River Drive in both directions is posted 8,000 pounds (3,600 kg). All commercial vehicles (including trucks) are banned from FDR Drive north of exit 1.