hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chicago and Southern Air Lines
Chicago and Southern Air Lines (C&S) was a United States trunk carrier, a scheduled airline that started life as Pacific Seaboard Air Lines in California and was organized on June 15, 1933.  Following the move from California, the airline's headquarters were initially located in St. Louis, Missouri, and were then moved to Memphis, Tennessee, which also served as a hub for the carrier.  C&S was merged into
Delta Air Lines in 1953, thus providing Delta with its first international routes.

Douglas DC-4
The Douglas DC-4 is an American four-engined (piston), propeller-driven airliner developed by the Douglas Aircraft Company. Military versions of the plane, the C-54 and R5D, served during World War II, in the Berlin Airlift and into the 1960s. From 1945, many civil airlines operated the DC-4 worldwide.
Electricity Substation No. 341
The Electricity Substation No. 341 is a heritage-listed Electrical substation at 60 Bundock Lane, Randwick, New South Wales, a suburb of Sydney, Australia. It was built in 1929. It is also known as #341 Randwick 33 kV Zone and Canberra Street substation. The property is owned by Ausgrid, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. The substation was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Australian non-residential architectural styles
Australian non-residential architectural styles are a set of Australian architectural styles that apply to buildings used for purposes other than residence and have been around only since the first colonial government buildings of early European settlement of Australia in 1788.

Their distribution follows closely the establishment and growth of the different colonies of Australia, in that the earliest colonial buildings can be found in New South Wales and Tasmania.

The classifications set out below are derived from a leading Australian text.
Ashish Bhadra
Ashish Bhadra (Bengali: আশীষ ভদ্র; born 14 March 1960) is a retired Bangladeshi footballer. An attacking midfielder, he achieved most of his laurels while playing for Abahani Krira Chakra in the Dhaka First Division League. He was a big factor in Abahani dominating the Dhaka football scene in the early 1980s.

He also represented the Bangladesh national team with great distinction and was captain during all six games of the 1986 FIFA World Cup qualifiers. He has scored 5 official international goals for his country.

Federation Cup (Bangladesh)
The Federation Cup, also known as the Bangladesh Federation Cup, is Bangladesh's premier cup competition in men's association football. The competition started in 1980 and is run by the Bangladesh Football Federation which is responsible for all types of competitive matches in the country. The teams from the country's premier league and other permitted clubs compete in the tournament while occasionally Indian sides were invited in the past. Usually games are played in the neutral venues.
2008–09 Biathlon World Cup – Sprint Men
The 2008–09 Biathlon World Cup – Sprint Men started on Saturday 6 December 2008 in Östersund and finished on Thursday 26 March 2009 in Khanty-Mansiysk. The defending titlist was Ole Einar Bjørndalen of Norway.

The small crystal globe winner for the category was Ole Einar Bjørndalen of Norway.

2008–09 Biathlon World Cup
The 2008–09 Biathlon World Cup was a multi-race tournament over a season of biathlon, organised by the International Biathlon Union. The season started on 2 December 2008 in Östersund, Sweden and ends on 29 March 2009 in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia.
Titcoin
Titcoin (Ticker Symbol: TIT) is a cryptocurrency launched in 2014. Titcoin's blockchain is derived from the Bitcoin source code, with modifications to improve transaction speed and efficiency. Titcoin is intended for the adult entertainment industry to allow users to pay for adult products and services without the fear of incriminating payment histories appearing on their credit cards.

In 2015, Titcoin received two nominations at the 2015 XBIZ Awards.

Sex industry
The sex industry, also called the sex trade, consists of businesses that either directly or indirectly provide sex-related products and services or adult entertainment. The industry includes activities involving direct provision of sex-related services, such as prostitution, strip clubs, host and hostess clubs, and sex-related pastimes, such as pornography, adult magazines, sex movies, sex toys, and fetish or BDSM paraphernalia. Sex channels for television and pre-paid sex movies for video on demand, are part of the sex industry, as are adult movie theaters, sex shops, peep shows, and strip clubs. The sex industry employs millions of people worldwide, mainly women. These range from the sex worker, also called adult service provider (ASP), who provides sexual services, to a multitude of support personnel.
Canadian pale
In heraldry and vexillology, a Canadian pale is a centre band of a vertical triband flag (a pale in heraldry) that covers half the length of a flag, rather than a third as in most triband designs. This allows more space to display a central image (common charge).

Triband (flag)
A triband is a vexillological style which consists of three stripes arranged to form a flag. These stripes may be two or three colours, and may be charged with an emblem in the middle stripe. Not all tribands are tricolour flags, which requires three unique colours.
South African type ZE tender
The South African type ZE tender was a steam locomotive tender.

Type ZE tenders were rebuilt from Type ZC tenders which had entered service between 1896 and 1902. The rebuilding resulted in a tender with a larger water tank and larger coal bunker.

South African Class 7B 4-8-0
The South African Railways Class 7B 4-8-0 of 1900 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.

In 1900, the Imperial Military Railways placed 25 Cape 7th Class 4-8-0 Mastodon type steam locomotives in service. In that same year, three Cape 7th Class locomotives which had been ordered by the Pretoria-Pietersburg Railway were also placed in service. All these locomotives were taken onto the Central South African Railways roster at the end of the Second Boer War in 1902. In 1906, three of these locomotives were sold to the Natal Government Railways.

In 1912, 26 of these 28 locomotives were assimilated into the South African Railways. They were followed in 1913 by the remaining two, which had been leased to Paulings as construction locomotives. All but one of these locomotives were renumbered and reclassified to Class 7B. In 1915, one more Cape 7th Class locomotive was obtained from the Rhodesia Railways and erroneously also designated Class 7B.
Dallara SF14
The Dallara SF14 is a single-seater open-wheel racing car chassis designed and built by the Italian company Dallara. It was the exclusive chassis for the Japanese Super Formula series from the 2014 season until the 2018 season, when it was replaced by the Dallara SF19.

Open-wheel car
An open-wheel car is a car with the wheels outside the car's main body, and usually having only one seat. Open-wheel cars contrast with street cars, sports cars, stock cars, and touring cars, which have their wheels below the body or inside fenders. Open-wheel cars are built both for road racing and oval track racing. Open-wheel cars licensed for use on public roads (street legal), such as the Ariel Atom, are uncommon, as they are often impractical for everyday use.
Transport in Mozambique
Modes of transport in Mozambique include rail, road, water, and air. There are rail links serving principal cities and connecting the country with Malawi, Zimbabwe and South Africa. There are over 30,000 km of roads, but much of the network is unpaved.

On the Indian Ocean coast are several large seaports, including Nacala, Beira and Maputo, with further ports being developed. There are 3,750 km of navigable inland waterways. There is an  international airport at Maputo, 21 other paved airports, and over 100 with unpaved runways.

Goba railway
Goba railway, also called Swaziland-Maputo railway and Matsapha-Maputo railway, is a railway that connects the city of Maputo, Mozambique, to the city from Matsapha, in Eswatini. It is 466.8 km long, in a 1067 mm gauge.

On the Mozambican stretch, between Maputo and Goba, the managing company is Mozambique Ports and Railways (CFM); on the Eswatinean (swazi) stretch, between the cities of Mlawula and Matsapha, the administration is done by the company Eswatini Railways (ESR).

Its main maritime logistics facility is the port of Maputo.
Dickson Lake (Vancouver Island)
Dickson Lake is a lake located north of Great Central Lake in Newcastle Land District, British Columbia.  Robert Brown in 1864 on the Vancouver Island Exploring Expedition named the lake after Dr. James Dickson.

Newcastle Land District
49°27′N 124°49′W﻿ / ﻿49.450°N 124.817°W﻿ / 49.450; -124.817
Newcastle Land District is one of 59 land districts of British Columbia, Canada, which are the underlying cadastral divisions of that province. It is located on the southeast side of Vancouver Island.
The Mystery of the Yellow Room (1913 film)
The Mystery of the Yellow Room (French: Le mystère de la chambre jaune) is a 1913 French silent mystery film directed by Emile Chautard and Maurice Tourneur and starring Marcel Simon as the amateur detective Joseph Rouletabille. It was the first film adaptation of the 1908 novel The Mystery of the Yellow Room by Gaston Leroux. Chautard remade the film in the United States in 1919.

The Mystery of the Yellow Room (1919 film)
The Mystery of the Yellow Room is a 1919 American crime drama film made by the Mayflower Photoplay Company and distributed through Realart Pictures Corporation. Émile Chautard served as a producer.

The Mystery of the Yellow Room (in French Le mystère de la chambre jaune) was originally a novel by Gaston Leroux, one of the first locked room mystery novels. It was first published in France in the periodical L'Illustration from September 1907 to November 1907, then in its own right as a book in 1908.

The film, which itself is a remake of Chautard's "Le Mystère de la chambre jaune" (1913), was remade in 1930, 1949 and in 2003.
Berezniki
Berezniki (Russian: Березники́; Komi-Permyak: Кыдззакар; Kydźzakar) is the second-largest city in Perm Krai, Russia. The city is located on the banks of the Kama River, in the Ural Mountains with a population of 132,841 as of 2025.

Sinkhole
A sinkhole is a depression or hole in the ground caused by some form of collapse of the surface layer. The term is sometimes used to refer to doline, enclosed depressions that are also known as shakeholes, and to openings where surface water enters into underground passages known as ponor, swallow hole or swallet. A cenote is a type of sinkhole that exposes groundwater underneath. Sink and stream sink are more general terms for sites which drain surface water, possibly by infiltration into sediment or crumbled rock.

Most sinkholes are caused by karst processes – the chemical dissolution of carbonate rocks, collapse or suffosion processes. Sinkholes are usually circular and vary in size from tens to hundreds of meters both in diameter and depth, and vary in form from soil-lined bowls to bedrock-edged chasms. Sinkholes may form gradually or suddenly, and are found worldwide.
The Singles Collection Volume 3
The Singles Collection, Volume 3 is a limited edition CD series compilation box set by the British rock band Queen, the third of four sets. The box set contains remastered versions of the next thirteen top-40 charting singles released by Queen that appear subsequent to those in The Singles Collection Volume 2.

The set marks the first time that "Blurred Vision" and the single mix of "Pain Is So Close to Pleasure" have been made available on CD.

The Miracle (album)
The Miracle is the thirteenth studio album by the British rock band Queen, released on 22 May 1989 by Parlophone and Capitol Records. The album was recorded following Brian May's marital problems and Freddie Mercury's HIV diagnosis in 1987. Recording started in January 1988 and lasted for an entire year. The album was originally going to be called The Invisible Men, but three weeks before the release, according to Roger Taylor, they changed the name to The Miracle. It was also the last Queen album with a photo of all four members on the front cover.

The album reached number one in the UK, Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, and Switzerland, and number 24 on the US Billboard Top Pop Albums chart. AllMusic would name The Miracle as Queen's best album of the 1980s, along with The Game.
Enharmonic equivalence
In music, two written notes have enharmonic equivalence if they produce the same pitch but are notated differently. Similarly, written intervals, chords, or key signatures are considered enharmonic if they represent identical pitches that are notated differently. The term derives from Latin enharmonicus, in turn from Late Latin enarmonius, from Ancient Greek ἐναρμόνιος (enarmónios), from ἐν ('in') and ἁρμονία ('harmony').

12 equal temperament
12 equal temperament (12-ET) is a musical system that divides the octave into 12 parts, all of which are equally tempered (equally spaced) on a logarithmic scale, with a ratio equal to the 12th root of 2 ( ≈ 1.05946). That resulting smallest interval, 1⁄12 the width of an octave, is called a semitone or half step.

Twelve-tone equal temperament is the most widespread system in music today. It has been the predominant tuning system of Western music, starting with classical music, since the 18th century. It has also been used in other cultures.

In modern times, 12-ET is usually tuned relative to a standard pitch of 440 Hz, called A440, meaning one note, A4 (the A in the 4th octave of a typical 88-key piano), is tuned to 440 hertz and all other notes are defined as some multiple of semitones apart from it, either higher or lower in frequency. The standard pitch has not always been 440 Hz. It has varied and generally risen over the past few hundred years.
Maxine Albro
Maxine Albro (January 20, 1893 – July 19, 1966) was an American painter, muralist, lithographer, mosaic artist, and sculptor. She was one of America's leading female artists, and one of the few women commissioned under the New Deal's Federal Art Project, which also employed Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko, and Willem de Kooning.

Carmel-by-the-Sea, California
Carmel-by-the-Sea (/kɑːrˈmɛl/), commonly known simply as Carmel, is a city in Monterey County, California, located on the Central Coast of California. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 3,220, down from 3,722 at the 2010 census. Situated on the Monterey Peninsula, Carmel is a tourist destination, known for its natural scenery and artistic history.

The Spanish founded a settlement in 1771, when Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo was relocated by St. Junípero Serra from Monterey. Mission Carmel served as the headquarters of the Californian mission system, until the Mexican secularization act of 1833, when the area was divided into rancho grants. The settlement was largely abandoned by the U.S. Conquest of California in 1848 and stayed undeveloped until Santiago J. Duckworth built a summer colony in 1888. When the Carmel Development Company was formed in 1902, Carmel became an art colony and seaside resort, which incorporated in 1916.
Painted Peak (Russet Hills)
Painted Peak is a peak rising from the north part of Russet Hills in the Gallipoli Heights, Freyberg Mountains. Descriptively named by the New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee (NZ-APC) on the proposal of P.J. Oliver, New Zealand Antarctic Research Program (NZARP) geologist who studied the feature, 1981–82. Ignimbrite and dacite breccia cut by dikes of andesite and dacite give the peak many colors.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Painted Peak (Russet Hills)". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

72°27′S 163°45′E﻿ / ﻿72.450°S 163.750°E﻿ / -72.450; 163.750

Freyberg Mountains
The Freyberg Mountains (72°15′S 163°45′E﻿ / ﻿72.250°S 163.750°E﻿ / -72.250; 163.750﻿ (Freyberg Mountains)) are a group of mountains in Victoria Land, Antarctica, bounded by the Rennick Glacier, Bowers Mountains, Black Glacier, and Evans Névé.
They are west of the Victory Mountains and south of the Bowers Mountains.
Rachel Perry (artist)
Rachel Perry (born 1962, formerly Rachel Perry Welty) is an American artist. She is known for conceptual works using drawing, photography, video, collage, sculpture and performance, which address “the fleeting nature of experience, the elusiveness of desire, and the persistence of objects in a throwaway culture.” Art critic Jerry Saltz has written that her work "not only grappl[es] with consumerism but [she is] just about swallowed whole by it.” Her work also considers themes of gender identity, narcissism, privacy and information overload.

She has exhibited widely throughout the United States and internationally, including a solo exhibition at Yancey Richardson Gallery in 2015, about which art critic Roberta Smith wrote, “…obsessive delights await in this strange and beautiful show…”

She lives and works in Gloucester, Massachusetts and Brooklyn, New York.

DeCordova Sculpture Park and Museum
The deCordova Sculpture Park and Museum is a sculpture park and contemporary art museum on the southern shore of Flint's Pond in Lincoln, Massachusetts, 20 miles northwest of Boston. It was established in 1950, and is the largest park of its kind in New England, encompassing 30 acres.

Providing a constantly changing landscape of large-scale, outdoor, modern and contemporary sculpture and site-specific installations, the Sculpture Park displays more than 60 works, most on loan to the museum. Inside, the museum features rotating exhibitions. DeCordova's permanent collection focuses on works in all media, with particular emphasis on photography and works by artists with connections to New England.
Basie (album)
Basie (reissued as The Band of Distinction) is an album by pianist/bandleader Count Basie recorded in 1954 and originally released on the Clef label. the album should not be confused with Basie's 1958 album which became known as The Atomic Mr. Basie.

The Atomic Mr. Basie
The Atomic Mr. Basie (originally called Basie, also known as E=MC2 and reissued in 1994 as The Complete Atomic Basie) is a 1958 album by Count Basie, featuring the song arrangements of Neal Hefti and the Count Basie Orchestra. It is included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die, Will Fulford-Jones calling it "Basie's last great record." It was voted number 411 in the third edition of Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums (2000).
German Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Mark
The German Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Mark is an historic former church and current synagogue building located at 323 East 6th Street between First and Second Avenues in the East Village neighborhood of Manhattan, in New York City, New York, United States.

Second Avenue (Manhattan)
Second Avenue is located on the East Side of the New York City borough of Manhattan extending from Houston Street at its south end to the Harlem River Drive at 128th Street at its north end. A one-way street, vehicular traffic on Second Avenue runs southbound (downtown) only, except for a one-block segment of the avenue in Harlem. South of Houston Street, the roadway continues as Chrystie Street south to Canal Street.

A bicycle lane runs in the leftmost lane of Second Avenue from 125th to Houston Streets. The section from 55th to 34th Streets closes a gap in the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway.

Second Avenue passes through a number of Manhattan neighborhoods including (from south to north) the Lower East Side, the East Village, Stuyvesant Square, Kips Bay, Tudor City, Turtle Bay, East Midtown, Lenox Hill, Yorkville and Spanish Harlem.
Tassili n'Ajjer
Tassili n'Ajjer (Berber: Tassili n Ajjer, Arabic: طاسيلي ناجر, romanized: ṭāssīlī naʾjir; "Plateau of rivers") is a mountain range in the Sahara desert, located in south-eastern Algeria. It holds one of the most important groupings of prehistoric cave art in the world and covers an area of more than 72,000 km2 (28,000 sq mi).

The site has been designated a national park and a Biosphere Reserve, and was inducted into the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 1982.

The literal English translation of Tassili n'Ajjer is 'plateau of rivers'.

Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy is a branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers (strata) and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks.
Stratigraphy has three related subfields: lithostratigraphy (lithologic stratigraphy), biostratigraphy (biologic stratigraphy), and chronostratigraphy (stratigraphy by age).

Several principles and laws come into play when using stratigraphy such as Principle of original horizontality, Law of superposition, Cross-cutting relationships, Principle of inclusions, Principle of faunal succession.
Victoria Manni
Victoria Manni (born 23 August 1994) is an Italian ice dancer who previously competed for Switzerland. With her skating partner and husband, Carlo Röthlisberger, she is the 2016 Santa Claus Cup bronze medalist, four-time Swiss national champion and a four-time Italian national silver medalist (2023–26). As a team, they have competed in nine ISU Championships.

Volvo Open Cup
The Volvo Open Cup is an annual international figure skating competition held in Riga, Latvia. In some years, the event is part of the ISU Challenger Series. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance.
Thief of Baghdad (TV series)
Thief of Baghdad is an Indian fantasy adventure TV series that first originally aired on Zee TV between 2000–2001. The show was loosely based on the Arabian Nights story. It was originally intended to run for 48 episodes but it went off-air in June 2001 abruptly due to a conflict between the production house and Zee TV. It was directed by Vijay Pandey, who has earlier directed shows like Sword of Tipu Sultan, Great Maratha, Arth, Des Mein Nikla Hoga Chand and Saat Phere. It was also syndicated on sister channels Zee Next and Zee Smile and Zee Anmol.

Saat Phere – Saloni Ka Safar
Saat Phere – Saloni Ka Safar (International title: Saloni) is an Indian Hindi-language drama television series that aired on Zee TV from 17 October 2005 to 28 May 2009. Produced by Sphere Origins, the show starred Rajshree Thakur and Sharad Kelkar. The story focused on issues of social discrimination, especially surrounding skin colour, and was one of Zee TV’s most popular shows in the mid-2000s.
Gigantatypus
Gigantatypus is an extinct late Maastrichtian sea turtle that lived in the southern regions of the Tethys Ocean about 100–120 kilometres (62–75 mi) off the north eastern margins of Cretaceous Africa immediately before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction events . Fossil remains of Gigantatypus are so far only represented in sediments from the Muwaqqar Chalk-Marl Formation of Jordan. Estimated at over 3.5 metres (11 ft) in length, members of this genus reached remarkably large proportions equivalent to that of or possibly even exceeding Archelon Wieland, 1896, considered as the largest marine turtles to ever roam the oceans of the world. Although Gigantatypus apparently did not survive the K/T boundary, which also was the fate of other gigantic marine turtles such as protostegids, other genera of Cheloniidae, though significantly smaller, survived the mass extinction and continued on until the present day.

Protostegidae
Protostegidae is a family of extinct marine turtles that lived during the Cretaceous period. The family includes some of the largest sea turtles that ever existed. The largest Archelon had a head one metre (39 in) long. Like most sea turtles, they had flattened bodies and flippers for front appendages; protostegids had minimal shells like leatherback turtles of modern times.