hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
El Español de la Historia
El Español de la Historia ("The Spaniard of History") was an Antena 3 show which aired in May 2007, based on the original BBC series 100 Greatest Britons. The show asked viewers about the Greatest Spanish man or woman in history via an opinion poll.

It was presented by Matías Prats and Susanna Griso, in just one session. The winner was the (then reigning monarch) King of Spain, Juan Carlos I.

The show was widely criticized and ignored by some historians in that it focused mainly on personalities of recent history and today's Spanish world. Some key figures of Spanish history were largely ignored.

Great Britons
Great Britons is a television series that was broadcast by the BBC in 2002. It was based on a television poll conducted to determine who the British people at that time considered the greatest Britons in history. The series included individual programmes featuring the top ten, with viewers having further opportunity to vote after each programme. It concluded with a debate and final determination of the ranking of the top ten. Although many living people were included among the top 100, all of the top ten were deceased.
Fyrudden
58°11′31″N 16°51′07″E﻿ / ﻿58.192°N 16.852°E﻿ / 58.192; 16.852

Fyrudden is a coastal locality in Valdemarsvik Municipality, Östergötland County, Sweden, located at the extreme southeastern end of a narrow peninsula. The name literally means "the lighthouse point".

County road 212 from Valdemarsvik passes by Gryt to terminate at Fyrudden, and the large north-south waterway of Östergötland archipelago passes nearby.
Fyrudden is thus easily accessible from sea and from land it has become a popular guest  harbor. Apart from harbor facilities, including  Swedish Coast Guard station Ks Gryt, there is also a restaurant, a grocery store, and a bus stop with connections to Valdemarsvik, Söderköping och Norrköping. During the summer, daily boat trips to Harstena (about 6 nautical miles (11 km) to the northeast) depart from Fyrudden.

Valdemarsvik
Valdemarsvik is a locality, situated alongside the bay of Valdemarsviken which connects to the Baltic Sea. It is the seat of Valdemarsvik Municipality which is located in Östergötland County, Sweden. The coastal area is a popular summer destination, particularly with Swedish tourists.
Tectonics (architecture)
In modern architectural theory, the tectonics is an artistic way to express the corporeality of a building through architectural forms that visually reflect the actual structure. An example of the use of tectonics and its opposite, atectonics, can be found at the AEG turbine factory: Peter Behrens, the architect, had applied tectonics by revealing the steel frame that supports the roof on the long side of the building, and used atectonics by constructing massive "Egyptian-like" walls in the corners that are not connected to the roof and thus conceal the actual load and support organization of the frontal facade.

The tectonics, "poetics of construction", has multiple related meanings.

Tectonics is inseparable from the physical nature of buildings and thus counteracts external influences of other visual arts on architecture.

Architectural theory
Architectural theory is the act of thinking, discussing, and writing about architecture. Architectural theory is taught in all architecture schools and is practiced by the world's leading architects. Some forms that architecture theory takes are the lecture or dialogue, the treatise or book, and the paper project or competition entry. Architectural theory is often didactic, and theorists tend to stay close to or work from within schools. It has existed in some form since antiquity, and as publishing became more common, architectural theory gained an increased richness. Books, magazines, and journals published an unprecedented number of works by architects and critics in the 20th century. As a result, styles and movements formed and dissolved much more quickly than the relatively enduring modes in earlier history. It is to be expected that the use of the internet will further the discourse on architecture in the 21st century.
Karin dialect
The Karin dialect (Armenian: Կարնոյ բարբառ, Karno barbař) is a Western Armenian dialect originally spoken in and around the city of Erzurum (called Karin by Armenians), now located in eastern Turkey.

Before World War I, the Karin dialect was spoken by the local Armenian populations in much of the Erzurum Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire and Kars Oblast of the Russian Empire. After the Armenian genocide of 1915, most of Erzurum's Armenian population took refuge to the Russian-controlled parts of Armenia. The city of Kars and its Russian oblast became part of the First Republic of Armenia in 1918, but was occupied by Kemalist Turkey as a result of the Turkish–Armenian War in fall 1920.

Today, it is one of the most widely spoken Western Armenian dialects, most of which became virtually extinct after the genocide. Nowadays, it is spoken in the northwest of Armenia (in and around the city of Gyumri) and by the Armenian minority in Georgia's Samtskhe-Javakheti province.

Hrachia Acharian
Hrachia Acharian (Armenian: Հրաչեայ Աճառեան, reformed spelling: Հրաչյա Աճառյան; pronounced [həɾɑt͡ʃʰˈjɑ ɑt͡ʃɑrˈjɑn]; 8 March 1876 – 16 April 1953) was an Armenian linguist, lexicographer, etymologist, and philologist.

An Istanbul Armenian, Acharian studied at local Armenian schools and at the Sorbonne, under Antoine Meillet, and the University of Strasbourg, under Heinrich Hübschmann. He then taught in various Armenian communities in the Russian Empire and Iran before settling in the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1923, working at Yerevan State University until his death.

A polyglot, Acharian compiled several major dictionaries, including the monumental Armenian Etymological Dictionary, extensively studied Armenian dialects, compiled catalogs of Armenian manuscripts, and authored comprehensive studies on the history of Armenian language and alphabet. Acharian is considered the father of Armenian linguistics.
Willem Meindert de Vos
Willem M. de Vos (born 30 October 1954, in Apeldoorn) is a Dutch academic and microbiologist. He studied for his PhD at the University of Groningen. He is notable for winning the Spinozapremie in 2008. De Vos is currently serving as an Academy Professor for the Academy of Finland.

Since 2009 De Vos is member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Spinoza Prize
The Spinoza Prize (Dutch: Spinozapremie) is an annual award of 1.5 million euro prize money, to be spent on new research given by the Dutch Research Council (NWO). The award is the highest scientific award in the Netherlands. It is named after the philosopher Baruch de Spinoza.

The prize is awarded to researchers in the Netherlands who belong to the best in their field. Academics can nominate each other and an international commission evaluates the submissions. It is sometimes referred to as the Dutch Nobel Prize.
Indochinese short-tailed shrew
The Indochinese short-tailed shrew (Parablarinella griselda) is a species of mammal of the family Soricidae found in China and Vietnam. The species is a semifossorial red-toothed shrew with a stout body and short, slender tail. Although this species was originally classified under Blarinella, recent Cytochrome b analysis suggests this species should be classified under a new genus, placing it in Parablarinella alongside one other species.

Blarinella
Blarinella is a small genus of shrews in the subfamily Soricinae of the family Soricidae.  It contains the following two species:

Asiatic short-tailed shrew (Blarinella quadraticauda)

Burmese short-tailed shrew (Blarinella wardi)
Dave Kneebone
Dave Kneebone is an American television producer. Along with Eric Wareheim and Tim Heidecker, he founded and runs Abso Lutely Productions, which produces a variety of comedic television shows and films.  His role has been described as the business chief and "straight man" at Abso Lutely.  Kneebone has worked as a producer on a variety of television shows, including Comedy Bang! Bang!, Nathan for You, and Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!.  He is also listed as a producer on the feature film Tim and Eric's Billion Dollar Movie.

Eric Wareheim
Eric Alexander Wareheim (/ˈwɛərhaɪm/; born April 7, 1976) is an American comedian, actor, writer, director, and musician. He is best known as one-half of the comedy duo Tim & Eric, alongside Tim Heidecker. He also had a recurring role on the Netflix series Master of None.
Iwata Nakayama
Iwata Nakayama (中山 岩太, Nakayama Iwata; August 3, 1895 – January 20, 1949) was a Japanese avant-garde photographer.

Nakayama was born in Yanagawa, Fukuoka (Japan). His wife, Nakayama Masako (中山正子) became an English language educator after their years aboard. His father was an inventor who held a patent for a fire extinguisher. Iwata moved to Tokyo and was educated at the private school Kyohoku-Chūgakkō. After graduating, he entered Tokyo University of the Arts as the first student of its photography course. After learning artistic and commercial techniques there, he moved to the United States in 1918 as an overseas student of California State University, sent by the Japanese government. However he quit studying and began to work at a photo studio run by Tōyō Kikuchi (菊池東陽) in New York City.

László Moholy-Nagy
László Moholy-Nagy (/məˌhoʊliˈnɒdʒ/; Hungarian: [ˈlaːsloː ˈmoholiˌnɒɟ]; born László Weisz; July 20, 1895 – November 24, 1946) was a Hungarian painter and photographer as well as a professor in the Bauhaus school. He was highly influenced by constructivism and a strong advocate of the integration of technology and industry into the arts. The art critic Peter Schjeldahl called him "relentlessly experimental" because of his pioneering work in painting, drawing, photography, collage, sculpture, film, theater, and writing.

He also worked collaboratively with other artists, including his first wife Lucia Moholy, Walter Gropius, Marcel Breuer, and Herbert Bayer. His largest accomplishment may be the Institute of Design in Chicago, which survives today as part of the Illinois Institute of Technology, and art historian Elizabeth Siegel called "his overarching work of art". He also wrote books and articles advocating a utopian type of high modernism.
Charles H. Ingraham Cottage
The Charles H. Ingraham House is a historic house at 907 Popham Road in Phippsburg, Maine.  Built in 1897, it is one of the finest Shingle style houses in Phippsburg, and is Maine's only known design by Providence, Rhode Island architect Howard K. Hilton.  The house is now known as Stonehouse Manor, a bed and breakfast inn.

Phippsburg, Maine
Phippsburg is a town in Sagadahoc County, Maine, United States, on the west side of the mouth of the Kennebec River. The population was 2,155 at the 2020 census. It is within the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area. A tourist destination, Phippsburg is home to Bates-Morse Mountain Conservation Area, Fort Popham State Historic Site; it is also home to Fort Baldwin which overlooks Fort Popham, and Popham Beach State Park, as well as Pond Island National Wildlife Refuge. The town includes part of Winnegance.
1947 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1947 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 53rd staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board.

Ahane were the defending champions.

On 14 September 1947, Ahane won the championship after a 5–06 to 1–05 defeat of St. Patrick's in the final. It was their 14th championship title overall and their sixth title in succession.

1946 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
The 1946 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 52nd staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board.

Ahane were the defending champions.

Ahane won the championship after a 6–07 to 1–01 defeat of Croom in the final. It was their 13th championship title overall and their fifth title in succession.
Dong'an Road station
Dong'an Road (simplified Chinese: 东安路; traditional Chinese: 東安路; pinyin: Dōng'ān Lù) is a station on the Shanghai Metro. The station serves lines 4 and 7. Service began on Line 4 at this station on 31 December 2005, while the interchange with Line 7 opened on 5 December 2009 with the initial section of that line from Shanghai University to Huamu Road.

Line 7 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 7 is a northwest–southeast line of the Shanghai Metro network. It connects the Baoshan District of Shanghai with the downtown core as well as the Pudong New Area and the Expo 2010 site. It currently runs from Meilan Lake in Baoshan District to Huamu Road in Pudong, which is near Shanghai New International Expo Center. Qihua Road serves as a terminus for trains returning to Chentai Road Depot. The line is colored orange on system maps.
Duke of Nájera
Duke of Nájera (Spanish: Duque de Nájera) is a hereditary title in the peerage of Spain, which was bestowed by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain on 30 August 1482 to Don Pedro Manrique de Lara, II Count of Treviño and Ricohombre de Castilla, as a reward for his services to the Crown. By birth, he was member of an old Castilian House of Lara. In 1520, King Charles I supplemented the title of Duke with that of Grandee of Spain.

The title refers to the town of Nájera in the La Rioja region.

The Dukes of Nájera ruled Nájera until the year 1600, when the last Duke in the male line died without a son. The title passed to his daughter Luisa.

Ricohombre
The ricohombre (a magnate, literally, a Spanish word for "richman") or ricahombría, was a high ranking nobility title in mediaeval kingdoms on the territories of modern Spain and Portugal, replaced by a title of grandee in the late 14th-early 15th century. The ricoshombres, established during the Reconquista (the first document with the term, the charter of Santarém, Portugal, is dated 1179), were supposed to be advisers to the rulers. The transition from ricoshombres to grandees occurred between 1390 and 1530 as the new "noble oligarchy" replaced the old one due to the change of power base caused by the conflict between infantes of Aragon and the supporters of John II of Castile with his favorite Álvaro de Luna. Alfonso de Cartagena in his Doctrinal de los caballeros (c. 1441–1444), while discussing the grandees, states that the previous term ricohombre is "old-fashioned".
Parvata kingdom
Parvata kingdom refers to the territory of a tribe known as Parvatas (mountaineers), mentioned in the epic Mahabharata. Most of the descriptions of Parvata kingdom in the epic refer to a mountainous country in the Himalayas. Tribes belonging to other mountainous regions in the north west, west and the east of the Indo-Gangetic Plain were also known as Parvatas, when used as a collective name. Parvatas took part in the Kurukshetra War. The epic also mentions a sage named Parvata who was a companion of sage Narada.

Madra kingdom
Madra kingdom (IAST: Mādra; [maːd̪ɽɐ]) was a kingdom grouped among the western kingdoms in the ancient Indian epic Mahabharata. Its capital was Sagala in the Madra region. The Kuru king Pandu's (Pāṇḍu) second wife was from Madra kingdom and was called Madri (Sanskrit: माद्री; IAST: Mādrī; IPA/Sanskrit: [maːd̪ɽiː]).  The Pandava twins, Nakula and Sahadeva, were her sons. Madri's brother Shalya was the king of Madra. Though affectionate to the Pandavas, he was tricked to give support to Duryodhana and fought against the Pandavas during the Kurukshetra War. He was killed by Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava.  Other than the Madra kingdom (Eastern Madra or Purva Madra) with Sagala as its capital, it is believed that there was a Western Madra (Apara Madra) and a Northern Madra (Uttara Madra).
Sericostomatoidea
Sericostomatoidea is a superfamily in the order Trichoptera, the caddisflies.

Families include:

Anomalopsychidae

Antipodoeciidae

Barbarochthonidae

Beraeidae

Calocidae

Chathamiidae

Conoesucidae

Helicophidae

Helicopsychidae – snail-case caddisflies

Hydrosalpingidae

Petrothrincidae

Sericostomatidae

Beraeidae
Beraeidae is a family of caddisflies belonging to the order Trichoptera.

Genera:

Beraea Stephens, 1833

Beraeamyia Mosely, 1930

Beraeodes Eaton, 1867

Beraeodina Mosely, 1931

Bereodes Eaton, 1867

Ernodes Wallengren, 1891

Nippoberaea Botosaneanu, Nozaki & Kagaya, 1995

Notoernodes Andersen & Kjaerandsen, 1997

Thya Curtis, 1834
2nd Vermont Infantry Regiment
The 2nd Vermont Infantry Regiment was a three years' infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It served in the eastern theater, predominantly in the VI Corps, Army of the Potomac, from June 1861 to July 1865. It was a member of the famous Vermont Brigade.

Second Battle of Fredericksburg
The Second Battle of Fredericksburg, also known as the Second Battle of Marye's Heights, took place on May 3, 1863, in Fredericksburg, Virginia, as part of the Chancellorsville Campaign of the American Civil War.
Eishockey-Bundesliga
The Eishockey-Bundesliga ("Federal Ice Hockey League") was formed in 1958 as the elite hockey competition in the Federal Republic of Germany, replacing the Oberliga in this position.  From the 1994–95 season, it was in turn replaced by the Deutsche Eishockey Liga, which now also carries the name 1st Bundesliga in its logo. The DEL, originally administered by the DEB, the German Ice Hockey Federation, became an independent league in 1997.

With the German reunion, the Bundesliga became a truly nationwide league, initially including two teams from the former East Germany.

Starbulls Rosenheim
The Starbulls Rosenheim are a professional ice hockey team based in Rosenheim, Germany. The team competes in the DEL2, the second highest level of play in professional German ice hockey. They play their home games at the ROFA-Stadion. ROFA AG is also one of the two main sponsors of the Starbulls. The contract with ROFA is currently dated until 2029.

The team joined SB/DJK Rosenheim in 1979, after EV Rosenheim had folded, and in 1994 the team adopted their current name. The team played in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL) from 1995-2000. In 2000, the Star Bulls Rosenheim sold their DEL licence to the Iserlohn Roosters. The current team Starbulls Rosenheim e.V. was founded on May 23, 2000 and had to restart in the lowest league the Bezirksliga.
Mandelbox
In mathematics, the mandelbox is a fractal with a boxlike shape found by Tom Lowe in 2010. It is defined in a similar way to the famous Mandelbrot set as the values of a parameter such that the origin does not escape to infinity under iteration of certain geometrical transformations. The mandelbox is defined as a map of continuous Julia sets, but, unlike the Mandelbrot set, can be defined in any number of dimensions. It is typically drawn in three dimensions for illustrative purposes.

Julia set
In complex dynamics, the Julia set and the Fatou set are two complementary sets (Julia "laces" and Fatou "dusts") defined from a function. Informally, the Fatou set of the function consists of values with the property that all nearby values behave similarly under repeated iteration of the function, and the Julia set consists of values such that an arbitrarily small perturbation can cause drastic changes in the sequence of iterated function values.
Thus the behavior of the function on the Fatou set is "regular", while on the Julia set its behavior is "chaotic".

The Julia set of a function  f  is commonly denoted  and the Fatou set is denoted  These sets are named after the French mathematicians Gaston Julia and Pierre Fatou whose work began the study of complex dynamics during the early 20th century.
St. Peter and Paul, Bonndorf im Schwarzwald
St. Peter and Paul is the Roman Catholic parish church of Bonndorf im Schwarzwald in the Waldshut district of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Constructed in the Rundbogenstil (Romanesque Revival) influenced by Heinrich Hübsch and designed by Josef Berckmüller, this three-nave pseudobasilica features a façade tower and a three-sided apse. It replaced a monastery church destroyed by fire in 1842, built at a new location. After multiple plan revisions, construction was completed in 1850. However, the parish community was dissatisfied with the initial interior furnishings, leading to a thorough renovation and decoration by Franz Joseph Simmler between approximately 1893 and 1900. The church's interior was restored between 1972 and 1974 to preserve this state.

Together with its affiliated churches in Ebnet, Wellendingen, and Wittlekofen, the parish belongs to the Bonndorf-Wutach pastoral unit in the Waldshut deanery of the Archdiocese of Freiburg.

Emmaus
Emmaus (/ɪˈmeɪəs/ im-AY-əs; Koine Greek: Ἐμμαούς, romanized: Emmaoús; Latin: Emmaus; Arabic: عمواس, romanized: ʿImwās) is a town mentioned in the Gospel of Luke of the New Testament. Luke reports that Jesus appeared, after his death and resurrection, before two of his disciples while they were walking on the road to Emmaus.

Although its geographical identification is not certain, several locations have been suggested throughout history, chiefly Imwas and Al-Qubeiba, both in the West Bank. It is known only that it was connected by a road to Jerusalem; the distance given by Luke varies in different manuscripts and the figure given has been made even more ambiguous by interpretations.
ISO 3166-2:PW
ISO 3166-2:PW is the entry for Palau in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Palau, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for 16 states.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is PW, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Palau. The second part is three digits, which is the old FIPS 6-4 code of the state.

ISO 3166
ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.
8th Aero Squadron
The 8th Aero Squadron was an Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I.

The squadron was assigned as a Corps Observation Squadron, performing short-range, tactical reconnaissance over the IV Corps, United States First Army sector of the Western Front in France, providing battlefield intelligence. IV Corps was transferred to the United States Second Army in October 1918 for a planned offensive drive on Metz which was cancelled due to the 1918 Armistice with Germany on 11 November.

The squadron returned to the United States in June 1919 and became part of the permanent United States Army Air Service in 1921, being re-designated as the 8th Squadron (Surveillance).

The current United States Air Force unit which holds its lineage and history is the 8th Special Operations Squadron, assigned to the 1st Special Operations Wing, Hurlburt Field, Florida.

First Army (United States)
First Army is the oldest and longest-established field army of the United States Army. It served as a theater army, having seen service in both World War I and World War II, and supplied the US army with soldiers and equipment during the Korean War and the Vietnam War under some of the most famous and distinguished officers of the U.S. Army. It now serves as a mobilization, readiness and training command.