hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Judaism On Our Own Terms
Judaism On Our Own Terms (JOOOT) is a national network of independent Jewish communities on college campuses in the United States. It is affiliated with Open Hillel, and was established in April 2019 motivated by a desire to create welcoming Jewish spaces of open dialogue as well as opposition to Hillel International's "Standards of Partnership for Campus Israel Activities," standards that exclude groups from the Jewish community on campus on the basis of their views on Israel, views viewed as beyond acceptable dissent. Historically, JOOOT did not take a position on most political topics and does not limit the types of programming member communities can organize. Member communities are self-governed.

Hillel International
Hillel: The Foundation for Jewish Campus Life, alternatively Hillel International or simply Hillel, is a Jewish student organization. Hillel brands itself as a safe space for  Jewish students and events aimed at facilitating Jewish traditions on college campuses. Hillel describes itself as the "largest Jewish campus organization in the world". Founded in 1923 and headquartered in the United States, it is represented at higher education institutions and communities throughout Eurasia and the Americas, including  in the former Soviet Union, Israel, and South America.

Hillel has faced criticism for its failure to welcome non- and anti-Zionist Jewish students. Critical academics have described Hillel as "a Zionist organization that determines who can be Jewish and how".
Ivan Inzov
Ivan Nikitich Inzov (Russian: Иван Никитич Инзов; 1768–1845) was a Russian General of the Infantry and a commander in the Patriotic War of 1812. Chişinău owes to him some of its most iconic buildings, including the Nativity Cathedral.

Inzov's obscure origin and booming career, in combination with his physical likeness to Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich, led some of his contemporaries to suspect that his father was Emperor Paul I of Russia (who was only 14 years his senior). In the early 1820s, Alexander Pushkin was one of his subordinates at Chişinău (then Kishinev). In the words of Henri Troyat, Inzov "looked upon Pushkin as a being set apart, who must be handled carefully". He was buried in a purpose-built mausoleum in Bolhrad, a city he had founded.

He also served as a temporary Governor General of Novorossiia for nearly a year, from July 1822 to May 23, 1823, between Governors General Alexandre Langeron and Mikhail Vorontsov.

Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia
Konstantin Pavlovich (Russian: Константи́н Па́влович; 8 May [O.S. 27 April] 1779 – 27 June [O.S. 15 June] 1831) was a grand duke of Russia and the second son of Emperor Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg. He was the heir presumptive for most of his elder brother Alexander I's reign, but had secretly renounced his claim to the throne in 1823. For 25 days after the death of Alexander I; from 19 November (O.S.)/1 December to 14 December (O.S.)/26 December 1825, he was known as His Imperial Majesty Konstantin I Emperor and Sovereign of Russia, although he never reigned and never acceded to the throne. His younger brother Nicholas became tsar in 1825. The succession controversy became the pretext of the Decembrist revolt.

Konstantin was known to eschew court etiquette and to take frequent stands against the wishes of his brother Alexander I, for which he is remembered fondly in Russia, but in his capacity as the governor of Poland he is remembered as a hated ruler.
Real closed ring
In mathematics, a real closed ring (RCR) is a commutative ring A that is a subring of a product of real closed fields, which is closed under continuous semi-algebraic functions defined over the integers.

Commutative ring
In mathematics, a commutative ring is a ring in which the multiplication operation is commutative. The study of commutative rings is called commutative algebra. Complementarily, noncommutative algebra is the study of ring properties that are not specific to commutative rings. This distinction results from the high number of fundamental properties of commutative rings that do not extend to noncommutative rings.

Commutative rings appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ Euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
Hock Mountain
Hock Mountain is a 7,750-foot-elevation (2,360-meter) summit located in the Methow Mountains which are a subset of the North Cascades in Washington state. It is situated on the triple-shared boundary of North Cascades National Park, Lake Chelan-Sawtooth Wilderness, and Lake Chelan National Recreation Area, as well as the shared border between Chelan County and Okanogan County. Additionally, it lies one mile southwest of Twisp Mountain, and 2.24 miles (3.60 km) due south of Stiletto Peak, the nearest higher neighbor. The north face is steep, granitic rock, but the west slope is more moderate, allowing a scramble ascent. Precipitation runoff from the north and west sides of Hock drains to the Stehekin River via Bridge Creek, whereas the south and east sides of the mountain drain into the South Fork Twisp River.

Lake Chelan-Sawtooth Wilderness
The Lake Chelan-Sawtooth Wilderness is a 153,057-acre (61,940 ha) protected wilderness area located within the Okanogan and Wenatchee national forests in Washington State. The wilderness borders Lake Chelan National Recreation Area and North Cascades National Park and the Stephen Mather Wilderness to the northwest. It was designated with the passage of the Washington Wilderness Act of 1984, on lands occupied by the old Chelan Division of the Washington Forest Reserve, now part of both the Okanogan and Wenatchee national forests.
San Carlos Airport (Nicaragua)
San Carlos Airport (Spanish: Aeródromo de San Carlos) (IATA: NCR, ICAO: MNSC) is an airfield serving San Carlos, Río San Juan Department, Nicaragua. The domestic airline La Costeña has daily scheduled flights from Managua to San Carlos.

The Los Chiles non-directional beacon (Ident: CHI) is located 6.7 nautical miles (12.4 km) south-southeast of the airport.

Río San Juan Department
Río San Juan (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈri.o saŋ ˈxwan]) is a department in Nicaragua. It was formed in 1957 from parts of Chontales and Zelaya departments. It covers an area of 7,543 km2 and has a population of 137,189 (2021 estimate). The capital is San Carlos.  The department also includes the Solentiname Islands archipelago and the San Juan River, after which it is named. Trinidad, in Río San Juan, is the most southerly point in Nicaragua.
Brassica carinata
Brassica carinata is a species of flowering plant in the Brassicaceae family. It is referred to by the common names Ethiopian Kale, Ethiopian rape or Ethiopian mustard. It is believed to be a hybrid between Brassica nigra and Brassica oleracea.

The flowers attract honey bees to collect pollen and nectar.

Brassica oleracea
Brassica oleracea, also known as wild cabbage in its uncultivated form, is a plant of the family Brassicaceae.

The species originated from feral populations of related plants in the Eastern Mediterranean, where it was most likely first cultivated. It has many common cultivars that are used as culinary vegetables, including cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, romanesco, kale, Brussels sprout, collard, Savoy cabbage, kohlrabi, and gai lan.
Conisbrough Urban District
53°29′02″N 1°13′34″W﻿ / ﻿53.484°N 1.226°W﻿ / 53.484; -1.226

Conisbrough was an urban district in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England, between 1921 and 1974. It encompassed the towns of Conisbrough and Denaby Main.

Denaby Main
Denaby Main is a village between Mexborough and Conisbrough in the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England. The village falls within the Doncaster MBC ward of Conisbrough and Denaby.  It was built by the Denaby Main Colliery Company to house its workers and their families, and originally given the name Denaby Main Colliery Village, to distinguish it from the village of Denaby, about 2⁄3 mi (1 km) away on the road to Hooton Roberts and Kilnhurst; from that time, the old village became known as Old Denaby.  In due course the "Colliery Village" part of the name was lost, leaving the village to be known as Denaby Main.
United Group of Forces
The United Group of Forces (Armenian: Ուժերի միավորված խումբ; Russian: Объединенная группа сил) is a joint unit with the Armed Forces of Armenia and the Russian Armed Forces. It is composed of management bodies and units and formations of both militaries: the Russian 102nd Military Base and the Armenian Army's 5th Army Corps. It is currently deployed at the Russian Military Base in Gyumri.

Russian 102nd Military Base
The Russian 102nd Military Base (Armenian: Ռուսական 102-րդ ռազմակայան; Russian: 102-я российская военная база) is a Russian military base in Gyumri, Armenia, under the command of the Southern Military District of the Russian Armed Forces.

During the Soviet era, forces in Armenia were part of the Transcaucasian Group of Forces. It was formerly the base of the 127th Motor Rifle Division of the Soviet Seventh Guards Army. The base is about 120 kilometers (75 mi) north of the Armenian capital, Yerevan.
1900 All-America college football team
The 1900 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various individuals who chose All-America college football teams for the 1900 college football season.  The only two individuals who have been recognized as "official" selectors by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for the 1900 season are Walter Camp and Caspar Whitney, who had originated the All-America college football team eleven years earlier in 1889. Camp's 1900 All-America Team was published in Collier's Weekly, and Whitney's selections were published in Outing magazine.

Caspar Whitney
Caspar William Whitney (September 2, 1864 – January 18, 1929) was an American author, editor, explorer, outdoorsman, and war correspondent. He originated the concept of the All-American team in college football in 1889, when he worked for Harper's Magazine.
2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 3
The third competition weekend of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup was held in the Alau Ice Palace in Astana, Kazakhstan, from Friday, 29 November, until Sunday, 1 December 2013. It was previously announced to be in Heerenveen, Netherlands.

There were no new world records this weekend, but Lee Sang-hwa of South Korea set a new low-altitude record on the women's 500 metres on Friday, as she skated the fastest time recorded on any rink outside Calgary and Salt Lake City, continuing her winning streak from the start of the season through Saturday's race. Shani Davis of the United States and Sven Kramer of the Netherlands also continued their unbeaten streaks, on the men's 1000 metres and 5000/10000 meters, respectively.

2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup
The 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup, officially the Essent ISU World Cup Speed Skating 2013–2014, was a series of international speed skating competitions that ran the entire season. The season started on 8 November 2013 in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and concluded with the final on 16 March 2014 in Heerenveen, Netherlands. Compared to previous seasons, there were fewer competition weekends; the season was restricted due to the 2014 Winter Olympics, which were arranged in Sochi, Russia, during February 2014. In total, six competition weekends were held at six different locations, twelve cups were contested (six for men, and six for women), and 72 races took place.

The World Cup is organized by the International Skating Union (ISU).
Upper Galilee Regional Council
The Upper Galilee Regional Council (Hebrew: מוֹעָצָה אֲזוֹרִית הַגָּלִיל הַעֶלְיוֹן, translit. Mo'atza Azorit HaGalil HaElyon) is a regional council in Israel's Upper Galilee region, bordered by the Mevo'ot HaHermon Regional Council and the Golan Regional Council, as well as a border with southern Lebanon.

The municipal area has a population of 15,500 and is headed by Giora Salz since December 2012, following 14 years by veteran Aharon Valenci. Its headquarters are located in Kiryat Shmona, an independent city not included in the council's jurisdiction.

Mevo'ot HaHermon Regional Council
Mevo'ot HaHermon Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית מבואות החרמון, Mo'atza Azorit Mevo'ot HaHermon) is a Regional Council in the Northern District of Israel. It encompasses 13 moshavim and community settlements, from the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee, to the Lebanese border and Mount Hermon. Its offices are located in Merkaz Kach, between roads 90 and 899.
Belgium national youth football team
The Belgium national youth football teams are a group of four teams that represents Belgium in association football at various specific age levels, ranging from under-17 to under-21. All of the teams are controlled by Royal Belgian Football Association, the governing body for football in Belgium.

The four teams are the following:

Belgium national under-21 football team

Belgium national under-19 football team

Belgium national under-18 football team

Belgium national under-17 football team

Belgium national under-18 football team
The Belgium national under-18 football team is a feeder team for the main Belgium national football team.

The team plays an annual friendly tournament. In addition, it only plays practice matches. The team mainly intends to prepare players from Belgium Under 17 for Belgium Under 19.

From 1948 to 2001, an annual European Under-18 Championship was played. In 1977, Belgium won the tournament. In 2002, the tournament was transformed into a European Under-19 football championship.
Ohmbach
Ohmbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Oberes Glantal, whose seat is in Schönenberg-Kübelberg.

Kusel (district)
Kusel (German pronunciation: [ˈkuːzl̩]) is a district (Kreis) in the south of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north-west clockwise) Birkenfeld, Bad Kreuznach, Donnersbergkreis, Kaiserslautern, Saarpfalz and Sankt Wendel (the last two belonging to the state of Saarland).
Pericyclidae
Pericyclidae is one of nine families of the Pericycloidea superfamily. They are an extinct group of ammonoid, which are shelled cephalopods related to squids, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids.

Pericycloidea
Pericycloidea is one of seventeen superfamilies of the Goniatitina suborder. They are an extinct group of ammonoid, which are shelled cephalopods related to squids, belemnites, octopodes, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids.
2012 Washington Insurance Commissioner election
The 2012 Washington Insurance Commissioner election was held on November 6, 2012, to elect the insurance commissioner of Washington, concurrently with the 2012 U.S. presidential election, as well as elections to the U.S. Senate and various state and local elections, including for U.S. House and governor of Washington. Incumbent Democratic Insurance Commissioner Mike Kreidler was re-elected to a fourth term in a landslide.

2012 Washington gubernatorial election
The 2012 Washington gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 2012. Candidates in the election were chosen in an August 7, 2012 primary election, under the state's nonpartisan blanket primary system, which allows voters to vote for any candidate running in the race, regardless of party affiliation. The two candidates who received the most votes in the primary election qualified for the general election.

Incumbent Governor Christine Gregoire decided to retire rather than seek a third term. She endorsed fellow Democrat Jay Inslee, a U.S. Congressman, as her successor. On March 20, 2012, Inslee resigned from Congress in order to focus on his gubernatorial campaign.

Inslee and Republican Rob McKenna, the Attorney General of Washington, advanced to the general election. Inslee narrowly won the election, and McKenna conceded three days later.
2020 Canadian Figure Skating Championships
The 2020 Canadian Tire National Skating Championships were held on January 13–19, 2020, in Mississauga, Ontario. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance on the senior, junior, and novice levels. Although the official International Skating Union terminology for female skaters in the singles category is ladies, Skate Canada uses women officially.  The results were part of the Canadian selection criteria for the 2020 World Championships, the 2020 Four Continents Championships, and the 2020 World Junior Championships.

Mississauga was announced as the host in January 2019. The city previously hosted the event in 2013 and has also previously hosted Skate Canada International four times (2000, 2003, 2011, and 2016). Competitors qualified at the Skate Canada Challenge held in Edmonton, Alberta in December 2019 or earned a bye.

2011 Skate Canada International
The 2011 Skate Canada International was the second event of six in the 2011–12 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating, a senior-level international invitational competition series. It was held at the Hershey Centre in Mississauga, Ontario on October 27–30. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Skaters earned points toward qualifying for the 2011–12 Grand Prix Final.
1980 Volvo Women's Cup
The 1980 Volvo Women's Cup was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Ramapo College in Mahwah, New Jersey in the United States, It was part of the Colgate Series circuit of the 1980 WTA Tour and classified as a category AA event. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held from August 18 through August 24, 1980. Fifth-seeded Hana Mandlíková won the singles title and earned $20,000 first-prize money.

1980 WTA Tour
The 1980 WTA Tour was the 8th season since the foundation of the Women's Tennis Association. It commenced on January 7, 1980, and concluded on December 24, 1980, after 53 events. It was the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The year is divided into two sponsored tours, with the first three months in the United States on the Avon Championships Circuit and the remaining nine months on the world wide Colgate Series Circuit. It included the four Grand Slam tournaments and a series of other events. ITF World Circuit tournaments were not part of the tour, although they awarded points for the WTA World Ranking.
6-inch siege gun M1877
The 6-inch siege gun model 1877 (Russian: 6-дюймовая осадная пушка образца 1877 года) was a Russian 152.4 mm (6 in) fortress gun, siege gun and coastal defense gun.  It was used in the Russo-Japanese War, World War I, and the Russian Civil War.  The successor states of the Russian Empire also inherited a number of M1877 guns.

Shrapnel shell
Shrapnel shells were anti-personnel artillery munitions that carried many individual bullets close to a target area and then ejected them to allow them to continue along the shell's trajectory and strike targets individually. They relied almost entirely on the shell's velocity for their lethality.

The munition has been obsolete since the end of World War I for anti-personnel use; high-explosive shells superseded it for that role. The functioning and principles behind shrapnel shells are fundamentally different from high-explosive shell fragmentation.

Shrapnel is named after Lieutenant-General Henry Shrapnel, a Royal Artillery officer, whose experiments, initially conducted on his own time and at his own expense, culminated in the design and development of a new type of artillery shell.

Usage of the term "shrapnel" has changed over time to also refer to fragmentation of the casing of shells and bombs, which is its most common modern usage and strays from the original meaning.
Ward Wellington Ward
Ward Wellington Ward (1875–1932) was an American architect who worked mostly in Syracuse, New York.  He designed more than 250 buildings, of which more than 120 were built and survive.  He was influenced by, and contributed to, the Arts and Crafts movement in architecture.  Ward's work is in varying styles, but the houses most typically include crafts-like details such as decorative cutouts in shutters.  His designs almost always include garages, gateways, and other small structures like gazebos.

Harvey A. Moyer
Harvey A. Moyer (1853 – October 9, 1935) was born in Clay, New York, and founded the H. A. Moyer Carriage Company in Cicero, New York, in 1876. The company relocated to Syracuse, New York, in 1880 and later changed assembly to luxury automobiles in 1908 and was renamed the H. A. Moyer Automobile Company. After discontinuing production of the Moyer Car in 1915, Moyer incorporated the business, H. A. Moyer, Inc., and became a dealer for Velie automobiles and Stearns-Knight automobiles. Stearns-Knight operated for only a short time before merging with Willys-Overland. He was buried at Woodlawn Cemetery (Syracuse, NY), Section 25, Plot 10
Frulact
Frulact – Ingredientes para a Indústria de Laticínios, Lda. is a food industry company, part of France-based Ardian since 2020, which is specialized in fruit processing and is headquartered in Maia, Portugal. Its aim is the manufacture of food products like fruit compounds for food industries. It has industrial and commercial facilities in Maia, Covilhã, Canada, Morocco, France and South Africa. It produces fruit based products by developing fruit transformation activities in a number of different ways. Among its customers are major leading companies such as Danone, Nestlé, Yoplait, Lactogal, Unilever and Emmi.

Lactogal
Lactogal is a Portuguese food products company focused on dairy products, milk, fruit juice and mineral water. It is headquartered in Porto and is placed among the twenty largest agro-food European companies. It has major factories in Oliveira de Azeméis and Vila do Conde.
Sheridan Lake (South Dakota)
Sheridan Lake, a reservoir, is located on Spring Creek in Pennington County, South Dakota.  Built over the site of Sheridan, the first county seat, it is owned and operated by the United States Forest Service and is one of the recreational areas of the Black Hills National Forest.

Pennington County, South Dakota
Pennington County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 109,222, making it the second most populous county in South Dakota, and was estimated to be 115,979 in 2024. Its county seat is Rapid City. The county was created on January 11, 1875, and was organized on April 19, 1877. It is named for John L. Pennington, fifth Governor of Dakota Territory, who held office in 1875 when the county was formed. Pennington County is included in the Rapid City metropolitan statistical area. It is also the location of Mount Rushmore.
Harry Elte
Harry Elte (born with the name Hartog Elte, Amsterdam, 3 September 1880 – Theresienstadt, 1 April 1944) was a Jewish-Dutch architect. His style is that of the Amsterdam School.

Elte was educated by Berlage. He designed several synagogues and villa's in the Netherlands, as well as a football stadium. For his parents, he designed grave stones on the Jewish cemetery of Muiderberg.

During World War II he was deported and died in the Theresienstadt concentration camp.

H. P. Berlage
Hendrik Petrus Berlage (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦɛndrɪk ˈpeːtrʏz ˈbɛrlaːɣə]; 21 February 1856 – 12 August 1934) was a Dutch architect and designer. He is considered one of the fathers of the architecture of the Amsterdam School.