hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Benniworth
Benniworth is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The village is situated just west of the B1225 road, and 8 miles (13 km) west from Louth.

According to the 2001 Census, the village had a population of 175, increasing to 193 (including West Barkwith) at the 2011 Census.

Benniworth Grade II listed Anglican parish church is dedicated to St Julian. The church is cruciform in plan with a conical roofed tower. Restoration by James Fowler was undertaken in 1875 when the transepts and chancel were rebuilt. The Norman west doorway and south side of the nave remains, with the font being reconstructed from Norman fragments.

East Lindsey
East Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Horncastle and the largest town is Skegness. Other towns include Alford, Burgh le Marsh, Coningsby, Louth, Mablethorpe, Spilsby, Sutton on Sea, Wainfleet All Saints, Wragby and Woodhall Spa. The district also covers a large rural area, including many smaller settlements.

The district lies on the east coast, bordering the North Sea. The north-west of the district includes part of the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The neighbouring districts are Boston, North Kesteven, West Lindsey and North East Lincolnshire.
University of Leicester Botanic Garden
The University of Leicester Harold Martin Botanic Garden is a botanic garden close to the halls of residence for the University of Leicester in Oadby, Leicestershire, England. Founded in 1921, the garden was established on the present 16-acre (6.5 ha) site in 1947. The garden is used for research and teaching purposes by the university's Genetics (formerly Biology) Department and features events such as sculpture and art exhibitions, music performances and plant sales. It is open to the public. The gardens surround several Edwardian era houses which are now part of Leicester University's halls of residence, including Beaumont House, The Knoll, and Southmeade.

The Attenborough Arboretum is a 5-acre (2.0 ha) satellite in the old village of Knighton (absorbed by Leicester city). It is named after Frederick Attenborough and was opened on 23 April 1997 by his son, Sir David Attenborough. It is managed as a wild site with native trees, ponds and a ridge and furrow field.

Student accommodation
Student accommodation is a building or buildings used to house students, particularly in higher education. These are known by different names around the world, such as halls of residence, residence halls, accommodation blocks (particularly within residential colleges) or student hostels. Student accommodation may be managed by educational institutions, religious bodies or other charities, student associations, private companies, or agencies of local or national governments.
West Virginia Route 31
West Virginia Route 31 is a north–south state highway in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of West Virginia. The northern terminus of the route is at the Ohio state line on the Williamstown Bridge over the Ohio River. The southern terminus is at West Virginia Route 16 in Harrisville, West Virginia.

The northernmost extent of the route from West Virginia Route 14 near Interstate 77 Exit 185 southeast of Williamstown to the Ohio state line is not signed.

Interstate 77 in West Virginia
Interstate 77 (I-77) in the US state of West Virginia is a major north–south Interstate Highway. It extends for 187.21 miles (301.29 km) between Bluefield at the Virginia state line and Williamstown at the Ohio state line.

The highway serves Charleston, the capital and largest city in West Virginia; it also serves the cities of Princeton, Beckley, and Parkersburg. I-77 follows the entire length of the West Virginia Turnpike, a toll road that runs between Princeton and Charleston, and it runs concurrently with I-64 between Beckley and Charleston.

Historically, the West Virginia Turnpike was a two-lane road with treacherous curves and a tunnel (which has since been decommissioned). Construction began in 1952, several years before the Interstate Highway System was funded. It was only in 1987 that the entire length of the turnpike was upgraded to Interstate standards. Due to the difficulty and lives lost in construction, it has been called "88 miles of miracle".
Louis Bacon
Louis Moore Bacon (born July 25, 1956) is an American investor, hedge fund manager, and philanthropist. He is the founder and chief executive of Moore Capital Management.

As of February 2024, Forbes estimated his net worth at US$1.5 billion.

The Denver Post
The Denver Post is a daily newspaper and website published in the Denver metropolitan area. In 2016, its website received roughly six million monthly unique visitors generating more than 13 million page views, according to comScore.
Tingena perichlora
Tingena perichlora is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the southern parts of the South Island. This species appears to inhabit manuka scrub. Adults of this species are on the wing from October to January.

Oecophoridae
Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.
1947 Norwegian Football Cup
The 1947 Norwegian Football Cup was the 42nd season of the Norwegian annual knockout football tournament. The tournament was open for all members of NFF, except those from Northern Norway. The final was played at Brann Stadion in Bergen on 19 October 1947, and Skeid secured their first title with a 2–0 win against Viking. Skeid had previously played two cup finals but lost both in 1939 and 1940, while it was Viking's second appearance in the final, having previously lost in 1933. Lyn were the defending champions, but were eliminated by Brann in the fourth round.

1939 Norwegian Football Cup
The 1939 Norwegian Football Cup was the 38th season of the Norwegian annual knockout football tournament. The tournament was open for all members of NFF, except those from Northern Norway. This final is the only final held in Tønsberg and was played at Tønsberg Gressbane on 15 October 1939. In the final, two-time former winners Sarpsborg won 2–1 against Skeid, who played their first final, and secured their third title. Fredrikstad were the defending champions, but were eliminated by Sarpsborg in the semifinal.
Fatehabad Chandrawatiganj Junction railway station
Fatehabad Chandrawatiganj Junction (station code: FTD) is a railway station in Ujjain. The station was previously used as a meter-gauge station on Ratlam–Indore line. Fatehabad has a connecting route to Ujjain Junction on a meter-gauge line.

In 2015, Ratlam–Indore was converted into broad-gauge line, directly connecting Indore and Ratlam.

Fatehabad and Chandrawati Ganj are two villages on the Indore–Ujjain district border. Fatehabad village is under the Ujjain district and Chandrawati Ganj village is under the Indore district.

As of November 2021, the gauge-conversion of Fatehabad-Ujjain via Chintaman station has been completed and Ujjain - Indore MEMU Special is operating on the route.

Chintaman Ganesh railway station
Chintaman Ganesh railway station is a small railway station in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, which is built near the Chintaman Ganesh Temple. Its code is CNN. This railway station is built across the Shipra River on the Ujjain–Fatehabad broad-gauge railway line. The station consists of double platform. The platform is well sheltered. The main railway station of Ujjain, Ujjain Junction, is always preferred over Chintaman Ganesh station for catching several trains.

In 2014, the station was closed due to gauge conversion of the Ujjain–Fatehabad line from meter gauge to broad gauge.

This railway station was re-opened in 2021, after the gauge conversion of the Ujjain - Fatehabad was completed, several amenities were also added to it.
MV St Faith
MV St Faith is a vehicle and passenger ferry operated by Wightlink on its route from Portsmouth to Fishbourne on the Isle of Wight. As with former sister ship St Cecilia, there were plans to increase St Faith's capacity by extending her length by 12 metres (39 ft). Entering service in 1990, the ferry's name is taken from St Faith's Church, Cowes.

MV St Cecilia
MV St Cecilia is a vehicle and passenger ferry formerly operated by Wightlink on its route from Portsmouth to Fishbourne on the Isle of Wight, the route she took throughout her life.

St Cecilia was built in Yorkshire and was launched into the River Ouse. In March 1987, she began carrying passengers. In 2001 she appeared as a fictional "Norselink" ferry in a Gérard Depardieu film.

Her final voyage for Wightlink was on 25 January 2019, after which she joined her two older sisterships Anna Mur and GB Conte in Sardinia. She now operates linking Carloforte and Calasetta with the name Nando Murrau, operated by Delcomar.
Guan (state)
Guan (Chinese: 管; pinyin: Guǎn; c. 1046–1040 BC) was an ancient Chinese city-state in present-day Henan. Its capital was Guancheng or Guan City (管城) in present-day Guancheng Hui District of Zhengzhou and its power was limited to the immediate surrounding area.

Guan was established soon after the founding of the Zhou dynasty as an appanage for King Wu's younger brother, who was known as Guan Shu Xian. The three brothers: Guan Shu Xian, Huo Shu Chu, and Cai Shu Du were known as the Three Guards, for their territories' function protecting the Zhou homeland from east. Following the death of King Wu, however, the Three Guards and Wu Geng rebelled against the regency of the Duke of Zhou. The latter’s victory led to the dissolution of Guan.

Shu Du of Cai
Cai Shu Du or Shu Du of Cai (Chinese: 蔡叔度; lit. 'Du', '[Royal] Uncle of Cai'), given name Du (度), was the first ruler of the State of Cai.

Du was the fifth son of King Wen of Zhou and his wife Tai Si (太姒). He had ten brothers and eight half-brothers. His elder brothers were Kao (Boyi Kao), Fa (King Wu of Zhou), Xian (Guan Shu), and Dan (the Duke of Zhou).

He was given the fief of Cai by King Wu after the overthrow of the last Shang king, Zhou. Du's realm centered on present-day Shangcai, Henan. He and his brothers Guan Shu Xian and Huo Shu Chu (霍叔處) were known as the Three Guards, but when King Wu died and the Duke of Zhou assumed the regency for the young King Cheng, they rebelled along with Wu Geng. The Duke of Zhou was able to suppress the rebellion and Du was exiled, although Cheng eventually recreated the realm of Cai as a grant to Du's son Zhong Hu.
Cornelio Sozzini
Cornelio Sozzini (died c. 1586) was an Italian humanist and early Unitarian. He was one of the sons of the law professor Lelio Sozzini.

Cornelio was raised mostly in Padua where his father Marcantonio Sozzini, or Mariano Sozzini, was a law professor. With his brother Lelio Sozzini he spent most of his adult life in Bologna, eventually leaving since "heretics" were safer in Switzerland.

Mariano Sozzini
Mariano Sozzini il giovane also Socini (1482–1556) was an Italian jurist after whom the cautela sociniana is named. He was descended from Mariano Sozzini the elder, the first of the family of freethinkers.

Mariano the younger was born in Siena.  He married Agnese Petrucci and had seven sons including Celso Sozzini, Lelio Sozzini, and Alessandro Sozzini, who died young, but was father of Fausto Sozzini, became the figurehead of the Unitarian "Socinian" movement in Poland.
Kids with Guns
"Kids with Guns" is a song from the British virtual band Gorillaz' second album, Demon Days (2005). It was released on 10 April 2006 in the United Kingdom as a double A-side as the fourth and final singles from the album. "Kids with Guns" and its other A-side "El Mañana", reached number 27 upon its release in the United Kingdom, a significantly lower position than its predecessors.

"Kids with Guns" features Neneh Cherry on guest vocals. A remix by Hot Chip was included on the release of The Inbetweeners Soundtrack in 2009.

Manchester Opera House
The Opera House in Quay Street, Manchester, England, is a 1,920-seater commercial touring theatre that plays host to touring musicals, ballet, concerts and a Christmas pantomime. It is a Grade II listed building and one of the main theatres in Manchester. The Opera House and its sister theatre the Palace Theatre on Oxford Street are operated by the same parent company, Ambassador Theatre Group.
Battle of Itea
The Battle of Itea (Greek: Ναυμαχία της Ιτέας) or Battle of Agali (Ναυμαχία της Αγκάλης) was a naval battle fought on 30 September 1827, in the Gulf of Corinth, during the Greek War of Independence. Under the command of British Philhellene, Frank Abney Hastings, a small Greek squadron launched a raid on an Ottoman fleet anchored near Itea.

Itea, Phocis
Itea (Greek: Ιτέα meaning willow), is a town and a former municipality in the southeastern part of Phocis, Greece. Since 2011 local government reforms made Itea a municipal unit of the municipality of Delphi.
May 2087 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Saturday, May 17, 2087, with an umbral magnitude of 1.4568. It will be a central lunar eclipse, in which part of the Moon will pass through the center of the Earth's shadow. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 2 days after apogee (on May 15, 2087, at 15:25 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be smaller.

Earth's shadow
Earth's shadow (or Earth shadow) is the shadow that Earth itself casts through its atmosphere and into outer space, toward the antisolar point. During the twilight period (both early dusk and late dawn), the shadow's visible fringe —sometimes called the dark segment or twilight wedge—appears as a dark and diffuse band just above the horizon, most distinct when the sky is clear.

Since the angular diameters of the Sun and the Moon as viewed from Earth's surface are almost the same, the ratio of the length of Earth's shadow to the distance between Earth and the Moon will be almost equal to the ratio of the diameters of Earth and the Moon.

Since Earth's diameter is 3.7 times the Moon's, the length of the planet's umbra is correspondingly 3.7 times the average distance from the Moon to Earth: about 1.4 million km (870,000 mi). The diameter of Earth's shadow at lunar distance is about 9,000 km (5,600 mi), or 2.6 lunar diameters, which allows observation of total lunar eclipses from Earth.
Walter (bishop of Wrocław)
Walter was Bishop of Wrocław, Poland between 1149 and 1169.

Little is known about his origins, career, or his episcopal work. He was a Walloon from the area of Namur. He came to Poland with his brother Aleksander of Malonne, who was appointed Bishop of Płock. During Walter's tenure as bishop, the Premonstratensians founded the St. Martin church, he also dedicated the St. Mary church, undertook some construction at Wrocław Cathedral and the castle in Wleń was built (1155).

Aleksander of Malonne
Aleksander of Malonne or Alexander of Malonne was a twelfth-century Walloon bishop of Płock, Poland.

He was bishop from 1129 to 1156 AD and was responsible for the construction of the current Cathedral of Płock in 1144. Aleksander is depicted in a figurative bas-relief on the original cathedral doors now in Velikiy Novgorod. Depiction here is a copy currently hanging in Płock.
Spirosperma
Spirosperma is a genus of annelids belonging to the family Naididae.

The species of this genus are found in Eurasia and Northern America.

Species:

Spirosperma apapillatus (Lastočkin, 1953)

Spirosperma beetoni Brinkhurst, 1965

Naididae
The Naididae (including the former family Tubificidae) are a family of clitellate oligochaete worms like the sludge worm, Tubifex tubifex. They are key components of the benthic communities of many freshwater and marine ecosystems. In freshwater aquaria they may be referred to as detritus worms.
Papal travel
Papal travel outside Rome has been historically rare, and voluntary travel of the pope was non-existent for the first 500 years of the Papacy. Pope John Paul II (1978–2005) undertook more pastoral trips than all his predecessors combined. Pope Francis (2013–2025), Pope Paul VI (1963–1978) and Pope Benedict XVI (2005–2013) also travelled globally, the latter to a lesser extent due to his advanced age.

Popes resided outside Rome—primarily in Viterbo, Orvieto, and Perugia—during the 13th century, and then moved to France during the Avignon Papacy (1309–1378). Pope Vigilius (537–555) in 547, Pope Agatho (678–681) in 680, and Pope Constantine in 710 visited Constantinople, whereas Pope Martin I (649–655) was abducted there for trial in 653. Pope Stephen II (752–757) became the first pope to cross the Alps in 752 to crown Pepin the Short; Pope Pius VII repeated the feat over a millennium later for the coronation of Napoleon.

Viterbo Papacy
With a long history as a vantage point for anti-popes forces threatening Rome, Viterbo became a papal city in 1243. During the later thirteenth century, the ancient Italian city of Viterbo was the site of five papal elections and the residence of seven popes and their Curias, and it remains the location of four papal tombs. These popes resided in the Palazzo dei Papi di Viterbo alongside the Viterbo Cathedral intermittently for two decades, from 1257 to 1281; as a result, the papal palace in Viterbo, with that in Orvieto, are the most extensive thirteenth-century papal palaces to have survived.

Shifting political and economic alliances pushed and pulled various popes of that century from Rome, taking refuge in other, not invariably hospitable, Italian city-states like Perugia and Orvieto. The primary cleavage in these divisions was between the Angevin and Hohenstaufen claimants to the title of Holy Roman Emperor, whom the pope could crown.
Gurney flap
The Gurney flap (or wickerbill) is a small tab projecting from the trailing edge of a wing. Typically it is set at a right angle to the pressure-side surface of the airfoil
and projects 1% to 2% of the wing chord.
This trailing edge device can improve the performance of a simple airfoil to nearly the same level as a complex high-performance design.

The device operates by increasing pressure on the pressure side, decreasing pressure on the suction side, and helping the boundary layer flow stay attached all the way to the trailing edge on the suction side of the airfoil.
Common applications occur in auto racing, helicopter horizontal stabilizers, and aircraft where high lift is essential, such as banner-towing airplanes.

It is named for its inventor and developer, American race car driver Dan Gurney.

Downforce
Downforce is a downwards lift force created by the aerodynamic features of a vehicle. If the vehicle is a car, the purpose of downforce is to allow the car to travel faster by increasing the vertical force on the tires, thus creating more grip. If the vehicle is a fixed-wing aircraft, the purpose of the downforce on the horizontal stabilizer is to maintain longitudinal stability and allow the pilot to control the aircraft in pitch.
Rhiwsaeson
Rhiwsaeson is a village and district of the principal town and community of Llantrisant with the County Borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf in South Wales.  It is located on the south easterly outskirts of the town, along the Afon Clun, south of the A473 and near the village of Groes-faen (Pontyclun) and Creigiau within northwest Cardiff.

Groes-faen
Groes-faen is a village approximately three miles south of Llantrisant in the county borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales. It is in the historic county of Glamorgan.

The village began as a hamlet in the 1860s near a trade route from Cowbridge to Cardiff.
Lateristachys
Lateristachys is a genus of lycophytes in the family Lycopodiaceae. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the subfamily Lycopodielloideae. Some sources do not recognize the genus, sinking it into Lycopodiella. Lateristachys species are native to the Philippines, Australia and New Zealand.

Lycopodiaceae
The Lycopodiaceae (class Lycopodiopsida, order Lycopodiales) are an old family of vascular plants, including all of the core clubmosses and firmosses, comprising 17 accepted genera and about 500 known species. This family originated about 380 million years ago in the early Devonian, though the diversity within the family has been much more recent. "Wolf foot" is another common name for this family due to the resemblance of either the roots or branch tips to a wolf's paw.
Church of St Thomas à Becket, Ramsey
The Church of St Thomas à Becket, Ramsey is the Church of England parish church of Ramsey, Cambridgeshire (formerly Huntingdonshire). The parish is part of a benefice that includes also the parish of Upwood with Great and Little Raveley.

The church was built late in the 12th century as part of Ramsey Abbey, possibly the hospitium. It was converted into a parish church early in the 13th century. It is a Grade I listed building.

Ramsey, Cambridgeshire
Ramsey is a market town and civil parish in the Huntingdonshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. The town is about 9 miles (14 km) north of Huntingdon. Ramsey parish includes the settlements of Ramsey Forty Foot, Ramsey Heights, Ramsey Mereside, Ramsey Hollow and Ramsey St Mary's.

The town grew up around Ramsey Abbey, an important Benedictine monastery. In the order of precedence for abbots in Parliament, Ramsey was third after Glastonbury and St Albans.
The town manor is built on the site of (and using materials from) the ancient Abbey and is the seat of the Lords de Ramsey, major landowners in Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire. The remains of the Abbey are now home to part of the town's secondary school. Abbey College, Ramsey resulted from the amalgamation of the previous two secondary schools, Ailwyn School and Ramsey Abbey School.
St Peter and St Paul's Church, Pickering
The Church of St Peter and St Paul, Pickering is the parish church of the market town of Pickering in the county of North Yorkshire. The church sits on the top of a small hill in the centre of the town and its spire is visible across the Ryedale district. The church is part of the Church of England Diocese of York, and houses a collection of medieval wall paintings. It is a Grade I listed building.

Beheading of John the Baptist
The beheading of John the Baptist, also known as the decollation of Saint John the Baptist or the beheading of the Forerunner, is a biblical event commemorated as a holy day by various Christian churches. According to the New Testament, Herod Antipas, ruler of Galilee under the Roman Empire, had imprisoned John the Baptist because he had publicly reproved Herod for divorcing his first wife and unlawfully taking his sister-in-law (his brother's wife) Herodias as his second wife.  He then ordered him to be killed by beheading.

As a non-Biblical source, Jewish historian Josephus also recounts that Herod had John imprisoned and killed due to "the great influence John had over the people", which might persuade John "to raise a rebellion". Josephus also writes that many of the Jews believed that Herod's later military disaster was God's punishment for his treatment of John.