hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Timeline of the 2018 Nicaraguan protests
The 2018 Nicaraguan protests began on 18 April 2018 following a move by the government of Daniel Ortega to reform social security. Following the deaths of protesters, demonstrations intensified and grew into a large anti-Ortega movement seeking his removal from office.

2018 Nicaraguan protests
The 2018 Nicaraguan protests began on 18 April 2018 when demonstrators in several cities of Nicaragua began protests against the social security reforms decreed by President Daniel Ortega that increased taxes and decreased benefits. After five days of unrest in which nearly thirty people were killed, Ortega announced the cancellation of the reforms; however, the opposition has grown through the 2014–2018 Nicaraguan protests to denounce Ortega and demand his resignation, becoming one of the largest protests in his government's history and the deadliest civil conflict since the end of the Nicaraguan Revolution. On 29 September 2018, political demonstrations were declared illegal by President Ortega.
Chestnut
Chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus Castanea, in the beech family Fagaceae. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Roasted chestnut
Roasted chestnut is a popular autumn and winter street food in East Asia, Europe, New York City and Istanbul. Asian chestnuts (Castanea crenata, C. mollissima) as well as European chestnuts (C. sativa) can be used.
2012 Seguros Bolívar Open Medellín
The 2012 Seguros Bolívar Open Medellín was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament and was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Medellín, Colombia, from October 29 to November 4, 2012.

Open Medellín
The Open Medellín was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts.

The event was classified as a $10k ITF Women's Circuit tournament and an ATP Challenger event held in Medellín, Colombia, from 2004 to 2017 for ATP and from 2014 to 2015 for ITF. From 2006, the event was part of the ATP Challenger Tour, and prior to that, in 2004–05, part of the ITF Men's Circuit. Its last edition had been in 2017. Four years later, Medellín got back in the ITF route in 2021, classified as a $25,000 tournament for both men and women.
Steve Preeg
Steve Preeg is an American Academy Award-winning special effects artist.

He won at the 81st Academy Awards for the film The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, in the category of Best Visual Effects. He shared his Oscar with Eric Barba, Craig Barron and  Burt Dalton.

He graduated in 1989 from Los Alamos High School.

Academy Award for Best Visual Effects
The Academy Award for Best Visual Effects is presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) for the best achievement in visual effects. It has been handed to four members of the team directly responsible for creating the film's visual effects since 1980.
Hierodoris
Hierodoris is a genus of moths in the family Oecophoridae. It was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1912. This genus is only known from New Zealand. In 1988 the genus Taoscelis was synonymised with Hierodoris. In 2005 the genus Coridomorpha was synonymised with Hierodoris. It is alternatively placed in the family Xyloryctidae after Kaila, 2013, supported by Heikkilä et al. 2014.

Oecophoridae
Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.
Obstetric labor complication
An obstetric labor complication is a difficulty or abnormality that arises during the process of childbirth.

The Trust for America's Health reports that as of 2011, about one third of American births have some complications; many are directly related to the mother's health including increasing rates of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and physical inactivity. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has led an initiative to improve women's health previous to conception in an effort to improve both neonatal and maternal death rates.

Fetus
A fetus or foetus (/ˈfiːtəs/; pl.: fetuses, foetuses, rarely feti or foeti) is the unborn offspring of a viviparous animal that develops from an embryo. Following the embryonic stage, the fetal stage of development takes place. Prenatal development is a continuum, with no clear defining feature distinguishing an embryo from a fetus. However, in general a fetus is characterized by the presence of all the major body organs, though they will not yet be fully developed and functional, and some may not yet be situated in their final anatomical location.

In human prenatal development, fetal development begins from the ninth week after fertilization (which is the eleventh week of gestational age) and continues until the birth of a newborn.
Golden Lion Hotel, Hunstanton
The Golden Lion Hotel is in the coastal English town of Hunstanton, King's Lynn and West Norfolk, Norfolk, England. It is a three-star hotel and has been a Grade II listed building since 20 September 1984.

Hunstanton
Hunstanton (sometimes pronounced /ˈhʌnstən/ ⓘ) is a seaside town and civil parish in Norfolk, England, which had a population of 4,370 at the 2021 census. It faces west across The Wash. Hunstanton lies 102 miles  (164 km) north-north-east of London and 40 miles (64 km) north-west of Norwich.
Newbridge railway station, New South Wales
Newbridge railway station  is a heritage-listed former railway station on the Main Western railway line, Newbridge, Blayney Shire, New South Wales, Australia. The property was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Main Western railway line
The Main Western railway line (or Great Western Railway) is a major railway in New South Wales, Australia. It runs through the Blue Mountains, and Central West regions. It is 825 kilometres (513 mi) long, of which 484 kilometres (301 mi) is currently operational.
Zhangfang, Beijing
Zhangfang Town (simplified Chinese: 张坊镇; traditional Chinese: 張坊鎮; pinyin: Zhāngfǎng Zhèn) is a suburban town in the Fangshan District of Beijing. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 18,299, and had an area of 119.3 square kilometres (46.1 sq mi). It is located in southwestern Beijing, approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of the city center of Beijing.

The town was historically a crucial military station, and was named Zhangfang (Chinese: 账房; lit. 'Tent House') as a result. Later the name was corrupted to Zhangfang (张坊) of today.

Fangshan, Beijing
Fangshan District (Chinese: 房山区; pinyin: Fángshān Qū) is a district of the city of Beijing. It is situated in the southwest of Beijing, 38 km (24 mi) away from downtown Beijing. It has an area of 2,019 square kilometres (780 sq mi) and a population of 1,312,778 (2020 Census).

The district administers 8 subdistricts, 14 towns, and 6 townships.
Committee for National Revolution
The Committee for National Revolution (Chinese: 民族革命委員會) was a Turkic nationalist Uyghur-centered party which existed in 1932–1934. It helped found the First East Turkestan Republic. It was anti-Chinese, anti-Chinese Muslim, and anti-Communist. The leader of Karakash gold miners Ismail Khan Khoja, the Khotan Emir Muhammad Amin Bughra, his brothers Abdullah Bughra, Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra, and Sabit Damulla Abdulbaki joined the committee. It had originally 300 members and 50 rifles. On February 20, 1933, it set up a provisional Khotan government with Sabit as prime minister and Muhammad Amin Bughra as head of the armed forces. It favored the establishment of an Islamic theocracy.

Muhammad Amin Bughra
Muhammad Amin Bughra (Uyghur: مۇھەممەد ئىمىن بۇغرا, محمد أمين بغرا, Мухаммад Эмин Бугро; Chinese: 穆罕默德·伊敏; pinyin: Mùhǎnmòdé·Yīmǐn), sometimes known by his Chinese name Mao Deming (Chinese: 毛德明) or his Turkish name Mehmet Emin Buğra (1901–1965), was a Uyghur emir who attempted to establish a sovereign state, the First East Turkestan Republic. He was a Jadidist.
Joshua Bolten
Joshua Brewster Bolten (born August 16, 1954) is an American lawyer and politician. Bolten served as the White House chief of staff to U.S. president George W. Bush, replacing Andrew Card on April 14, 2006. Previously, he served as the director of the Office of Management and Budget from 2003 to 2006.

Since 2017, he has been president and CEO of the Business Roundtable.

Princeton School of Public and International Affairs
The Princeton School of Public and International Affairs (abbrev. SPIA; formerly the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs) is a professional public policy school at Princeton University. The school provides an array of comprehensive coursework in the fields of international development, foreign policy, science and technology, and economics and finance through its undergraduate (AB) degrees, graduate Master of Public Affairs (MPA), Master of Public Policy (MPP), and PhD degrees.
Boreal Norge
Boreal Norge AS (formerly Veolia Transport Norge AS and Connex Norge AS) is a Norwegian public transport operator. Established as a subsidiary of CGEA Transport in 1999, it operates through its subsidiaries buses, ferries and trams in the counties of Finnmark, Nordland, Rogaland, Trøndelag and Troms, primarily through the purchase of former monopolists. The company has 2,500 employees and operates ca 920 buses, 34 ferries/ships and 9 trams.

Public service obligation
In the context of European Union law, a public service obligation or PSO is an obligation imposed on an organisation by legislation or contract to provide a service of general interest within EU territories. PSOs may operate in any field of public service, but postal services, social services, energy, transport and banking are specific sectors where the concept is relevant.
Alice Kingsbury Cooley
Alice Kingsbury Cooley (née James; after first marriage, Kingsbury; after second marriage, Cooley;  1839–1910) was a British-born American actress, author, and poet of New York City. She starred in stage plays in the U.S. and Canada. At first, she was known in San Francisco as a soubrette playing Fanchon, the Cricket; then later, as the mother of twelve children, who wrote books to fill up her time. Her literary works, under the name Alice Kingsbury, included novel, dramas, and children's literature. Kingsbury was a member of the Pacific Coast Women's Press Association.

Soubrette
A soubrette is a female minor stock character in opera and theatre, often a pert lady's maid. By extension, the term can refer generally to any saucy or flirtatious young woman. The term arrived in English from Provençal via French, and means "conceited" or "coy".
Henlein & Co Building
Henlein & Co is a heritage-listed commercial building at 408–410 Flinders Street, Townsville CBD, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Eaton, Bates & Polin and built from 1901 to 1902 by Thomas Page. It was also known as Best & Less. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Townsville City, Queensland
Townsville City is a coastal suburb at the centre of the City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the suburb of Townsville City had a population of 2,945 people.

It is the city's central business district and a major hub for businesses of all sectors in the Northern Australia region.
1995 Grand Prix Hassan II
The 1995 Grand Prix Hassan II was a men's Association of Tennis Professionals tennis tournament held in Casablanca, Morocco and played on outdoor clay courts. The event was part of the World Series of the 1995 ATP Tour. It was the 11th edition of the tournament and was held from 20 March to 27 March 1995. First-seeded Gilbert Schaller won the singles title.

Grand Prix Hassan II
The Grand Prix Hassan II is an annual men's tennis tournament on the ATP Tour and is currently part of the ATP Tour 250 series. The event is played on clay courts and was held annually at the Complexe Al Amal in Casablanca, Morocco through 2015, before relocating to Marrakesh in 2016. Between 1984 and 1989 it was part of the Challenger Series.  It is currently the only ATP event held in Africa. The tournament is usually held in April though it has been held in March before and is a lead up tournament for the French Open.
Siodła
Siodła [ˈɕɔdwa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zagnańsk, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south of Zagnańsk and 9 km (6 mi) north of the regional capital Kielce.

Zagnańsk
Zagnańsk [ˈzaɡnaɲsk] is a village in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Zagnańsk. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) north of the regional capital Kielce.

The Bartek oak tree in the village is almost 686 years old.
Object-based attention
Object-based attention refers to the relationship between an ‘object’ representation and a person’s visually stimulated, selective attention, as opposed to a relationship involving either a spatial or a feature representation; although these types of selective attention are not necessarily mutually exclusive. Research into object-based attention suggests that attention improves the quality of the sensory representation of a selected object, and results in the enhanced processing of that object’s features.

The concept of an ‘object’, apropos object-based attention, entails more than a physical thing that can be seen and touched. It includes a perceptual unit or group, namely, elements in a visual field (stimuli) organised coherently by Gestalt factors such as collinearity, closure, and symmetry.

Two-streams hypothesis
The two-streams hypothesis is a model of the neural processing of vision as well as hearing. The hypothesis, given its initial characterisation in a paper by David Milner and Melvyn A. Goodale in 1992, argues that humans possess two distinct visual systems. Recently there seems to be evidence of two distinct auditory systems as well. As visual information exits the occipital lobe, and as sound leaves the phonological network, it follows two main pathways, or "streams". The ventral stream (also known as the "what pathway") leads to the temporal lobe, which is involved with object and visual identification and recognition. The dorsal stream (or, "where pathway") leads to the parietal lobe, which is involved with processing the object's spatial location relative to the viewer and with speech repetition.
Frederick Midlane
Frederick Midlane (28 March 1883 – 18 October 1976) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Auckland and Wellington between 1898 and 1919. In January 1915, opening the batting for Wellington against Otago, Midlane carried his bat to score 222 not out in a total of 498. At the time it was the highest score in New Zealand first-class cricket.

Auckland cricket team
The Auckland cricket team represent the Auckland region and are one of six New Zealand domestic first class cricket teams. Governed by the Auckland Cricket Association they are the most successful team having won 28 Plunket Shield titles, ten wins in The Ford Trophy and the Super Smash four times. The team currently play their home games at Eden Park Outer Oval.

The limited overs team, known as the Auckland Aces, have a predominantly light blue kit with a navy and white trim. Their One Day Championship shirt sponsors are Ford whilst their major T20 sponsor is Mondiale.

They won the Men's Super Smash competition in the 2015–16 season, their 4th domestic Twenty20 title overall, making them become the most successful team in New Zealand.
Eric Milligan (politician)
Eric Milligan (born 27 January 1951) was one of the Councillors for Sighthill/Gorgie ward, Edinburgh, Scotland. He was Convener of the Lothian and Borders Police Board from 2003 until 2007.  He retired as a councillor in 2017. He is a member of the Labour Party.

Milligan was born on 27 January 1951. He was the last Convener of Lothian Regional Council (abolished at local government reorganisation in 1996
). He subsequently became a member of the City of Edinburgh Council and Lord Provost of Edinburgh (1996–2003), one of the longest-serving holders of the office. He is a supporter of Heart of Midlothian FC.

Milligan received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 2004

Lord Provost of Edinburgh
The Right Honourable Lord Provost of Edinburgh is elected by and is the convener of the City of Edinburgh Council and serves not only as the chair of that body, but as a figurehead for the entire city, ex officio the Lord-Lieutenant of Edinburgh and honorarily the Admiral of the Firth of Forth. It is the equivalent in many ways to the institution of  Mayor that exists in many other countries.

While some of Scotland's local authorities elect a Provost, only the four main cities (Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Dundee) have a Lord Provost. In Edinburgh this position dates from 1667, when Charles II elevated the Provost to the status of Lord Provost, with the same rank and precedence as the Lord Mayor of London. The title of Lord Provost is enshrined in the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994.
Hate group
the white nationalist Celtic cross

the Winged Odal

the white power raised fist

the Iron Cross with the Nazi swastika

the SS Sig runes

the SS Totenkopf

A hate group is a social group that advocates and practices hatred, animosity, hostility, malice, and/or violence towards members of a race, ethnicity, nation, religion, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, or any other designated sector of society.

According to the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), a hate group's "primary purpose is to promote animosity, hostility, and malice against persons belonging to a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or ethnicity/national origin which differs from that of the members of the organization."

Social group
In the social sciences, a social group is defined as two or more people who interact with one another, share similar characteristics, and collectively have a sense of unity. Regardless, social groups come in a myriad of sizes and varieties. For example, a society can be viewed as a large social group. The system of behaviors and psychological processes occurring within a social group or between social groups is known as group dynamics.
Area codes 613, 343, and 753
Area codes 613, 343, and 753 are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for Ottawa and surrounding Eastern Ontario, Canada. Area code 613 is one of the 86 original North American area codes assigned in October 1947. Area codes 343 and 753 were assigned to the numbering plan area in an overlay activated in 2010 and 2022, respectively.

Leeds and the Thousand Islands
Leeds and the Thousand Islands is a township in the Canadian province of Ontario, located within the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville. The township is located along the St. Lawrence River, including most of the Canadian Thousand Islands, and extending north into rural hamlets and villages.

The Township of Leeds and the Thousand Islands was formed on January 1, 2001, when three historic townships, Front of Leeds & Lansdowne, Rear of Leeds & Lansdowne, and Front of Escott, were amalgamated. Its services include a public library system and the LTI Archives.
Just Out
Just Out was an LGBTQ publication in Portland, Oregon founded in 1983 by Jay Brown and Renee LaChance.
It ceased publication as a semimonthly newspaper in December 2011. In February 2012, Glenn-Kipp Publishing, Inc purchased the Just Out brand assets. Just Out ceased being published as a monthly LGBTQ magazine in February 2013.

The magazine was available for free at hundreds of businesses across the Portland metropolitan area, and free digital copies are available as PDF files on the web site.

Former contributors to Just Out include novelist Marc Acito, Pink Martini pianist Thomas Lauderdale, former Willamette Week art director and Cathartic Comics founder Rupert Kinnard, and reporter and author Peter Zuckerman. USA Today best-selling author Andy Mangels also wrote for the newspaper multiple times over a 25-year period, mostly in the early 2000s.

Willamette Week
Willamette Week (WW) is an alternative weekly newspaper and a website published in Portland, Oregon, United States, since 1974. It features reports on local news, politics, sports, business, and culture.
Citrus Belt League
Citrus Belt League (CBL) is a high school sports league in the Inland Empire region within the Greater Los Angeles area of California's CIF Southern Section.

The Citrus Belt League is one of the five founding leagues of the California Interscholastic Federation Southern Section (CIF-SS) when established in 1913. It was the only Division I league in the San Bernardino-Riverside County area since its inception, until 2006, when CIF Southern Section reorganized it to Division II.

Eisenhower High School (Rialto, California)
Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (est. 1959), is located in Rialto, California, United States on the corner of Baseline Avenue and Lilac Ave.  The school is named for U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Eisenhower High School is located in Rialto, California, which lies north of Interstate 10, between the cities of San Bernardino and Fontana. It is one of three comprehensive high schools in the Rialto Unified School District and serves a student population of approximately 2,400 in grades 9–12. Established in 1959.

Dwight D. Eisenhower High School has been awarded National Blue Ribbon School 1993 and California Distinguished School 1994.

In 2019 the school enacted the "Breakfast in the Classroom" program to ensure that all students are fed before they start their classes; this was done after the district examined the program at a high school in Los Angeles.
Tanka (Peru)
Tanka (Aymara for tanka hat or biretta, Quechua for fork, Hispanicized spelling Tanca) is a 4,783-metre-high (15,692 ft) mountain in the Andes of Peru. It is situated in the Arequipa Region, Condesuyos Province, Cayarani District, in the southern extensions of the Wansu mountain range. Tanka lies at the Puma Ranra (or Sunqu P'allqa) valley, south of Allqa Q'awa.

Huanzo mountain range
The Huanzo mountain range (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Wansu) lies in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 14°30 and 15°01'S and 72°10 and 73°15W for about 57 km. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, La Unión Province, in the Ayacucho Region, Parinacochas Province, and in the Chumbivilcas Province of the Cusco Region.
Vatinsky Yogan
The Vatinsky Yogan (Russian: Ватинский Ёган) is a river in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. The river is 593 kilometres (368 mi) long and has a catchment area of 3,190 square kilometres (1,230 sq mi).

The Vatinsky Yogan flows across the Central Siberian Plateau. Its basin is located in the Nizhnevartovsky District. Except for Vysoky there are no permanent settlements along the course of the river, but there are important oil and gas deposits.

Central Siberian Plateau
The Central Siberian Plateau (Russian: Среднесибирское плоскогорье, romanized: Srednesibirskoye ploskogorye; Yakut: Орто Сибиир хаптал хайалаах сирэ, romanized: Orto Sibîr xaptal xayalâx sire) is a vast mountainous area in Siberia, one of the Great Russian Regions.