hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Huanglan
The Huanglan or Imperial Mirror was one of the oldest Chinese leishu encyclopedias, compiled by the Cao Wei dynasty on the order of its founding emperor Cao Pi (Emperor Wen). Compilation started in 220 and was completed in 222. The purpose of the Huanglan was to provide the emperor and ministers of state with conveniently arranged summaries of all that was known at the time. Complete versions of the Huanglan existed until the Song dynasty, when it became a mostly lost work, although some  fragments did survive in other encyclopedias and anthologies. The Huanglan was the prototype of the classified encyclopedia and served as a model for later ones such as the Tang dynasty's Encyclopedia of Literary Collections (624) and the Ming dynasty's Yongle Encyclopedia (1408).

Yiwen Leiju
The Yiwen Leiju, or translated as Encyclopedia of Literary Collections, is a Chinese leishu encyclopedia completed by Ouyang Xun in 624 under the Tang dynasty. Other contributors include Linghu Defen and Chen Shuda.

Yiwen Leiju is divided into 47 sections and many subsections, covering a vast number of subjects and including many quotations from older works, which are well cited.

Pages from a Southern Song dynasty Shaoxing period edition of the Yiwen Leiju, from the Shanghai Library

Pages from a Ming dynasty Jiajing period edition of Yiwen Leiju, from the Harvard University

Pages from a Ming dynasty Wanli period edition of Yiwen Leiju, from the Harvard University

Pages from a Ming dynasty Wanli period edition of Yiwen Leiju, from the National Archives of Japan
Copernicus Center (Chicago, Illinois)
The Copernicus Center (formerly Gateway Theatre) is a 1,852-seat former movie palace that is now part of the Copernicus Center in the Jefferson Park community area of Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The Copernicus Center is located at 5216 W. Lawrence Avenue.

The former Gateway Theater was designed by architect Mason Rapp of the prestigious firm of Rapp and Rapp, famous for their design of deluxe theaters not only in Chicago (Chicago, Oriental, and Palace Theatres) but throughout the United States. It is the architect's only surviving atmospheric theatre in Chicago.

Cadillac Palace Theatre
The Cadillac Palace Theatre is a theater in the Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Operated by Broadway In Chicago of the Nederlander Organization, it seats 2,344 and is located at 151 West Randolph Street.

Opened in 1926 as the New Palace Theatre and designed largely in the French Baroque style, it is connected to the historic Eitel Brothers' Bismarck Hotel (Allegro Royal). It was known as the RKO Palace Theatre from 1931 to 1953, as the Eitel's Palace Theatre from 1953 to 1972, and as the Bismarck Theatre from 1984 to 1999. The automobile manufacturer Cadillac has held the naming rights since 1999.
Richard Krawiec
Richard Krawiec is an American writer. He was born in 1952 in Brockton, MA, and currently lives in North Carolina with his two sons. His most famous work is Time Sharing (1986). This novel was featured in  Publishers Weekly 'Recommended List', the Village Voice 'Real Life Rock Top Ten column, and received attention from Jonathan Yardley in The Washington Post, Richard Eder in the Los Angeles Times, and in the 'In Short' column of the 'N.Y. Sunday Times', although it got a mixed review from Michiko Kakutani in The New York Times.

Jonathan Yardley
Jonathan Yardley (born October 27, 1939) is an American author and former book critic at The Washington Post from 1981 to December 2014, and held the same post from 1978 to 1981 at the Washington Star. In 1981, he received the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism.
Humboldt—Melfort
Humboldt—Melfort (also known as Humboldt—Melfort—Tisdale) was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1952 to 1968. This riding was created in 1952 from parts of Humboldt, Melfort and Yorkton ridings. In 1961, the riding was renamed "Humboldt—Melfort—Tisdale".

The riding was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Mackenzie, Prince Albert, Regina East, Regina—Lake Centre and Saskatoon—Humboldt ridings.

Yorkton (federal electoral district)
Yorkton was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1968. This riding was created in 1924 from parts of Mackenzie and Saltcoats ridings.

It was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Regina East, Regina—Lake Centre and Yorkton—Melville  ridings.
Crafton, Pennsylvania
Crafton is a borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States, west of downtown Pittsburgh. The population was 6,099 at the 2020 census. It is a residential suburb in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.

Greater Pittsburgh
Greater Pittsburgh is the metropolitan area surrounding the city of Pittsburgh in Western Pennsylvania, United States. The region includes Allegheny County,  Pittsburgh's urban core county and economic hub, and seven adjacent Pennsylvania counties: Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Fayette, Lawrence, Washington, and Westmoreland in Western Pennsylvania, which constitutes the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area MSA as defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

As of the 2020 census, the Greater Pittsburgh region had a population of over 2.45 million people. Pittsburgh, the region's core city, has a population of 302,971, the second-largest in the state after Philadelphia. Over half of the region's population resides within Allegheny County, which has a population of 1.24 million and is the state's second-largest county after Philadelphia County.
2014 Kurume Best Amenity Cup
The 2014 Kurume Best Amenity Cup is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It is the tenth edition of the tournament and part of the 2014 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money. It takes place in Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan, on 12–18 May 2014.

2014 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2014 ITF Women's Circuit is the 2014 edition of the second tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
Meitei queens of Tripura
The royal marriage alliances between the Meitei royal family, Ningthouja dynasty (Meitei: ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯖꯥ) of Manipur kingdom and the Manikya dynasty of Tripura kingdom brought good relationship between the two states as well as assimilation of the two cultures. The Tripuri kings married not only the Meitei princesses but also many other ladies of commoners' families of Meitei community (alias Manipuri ethnicity). Meitei queens were remembered for their contributions to the development of the Tripuri society. So, they were given high status in the royal house of Tripura.

Ningthouja dynasty
The Ningthouja dynasty, also known as Mangang dynasty, comprises the descendants of the kings of Manipur. Ningthouja literally means progeny of King (Ningthou means king and cha or macha means progeny in which ja is a corrupted word of cha). It has 125 extended families. It was founded by King Nongdā Lāiren Pākhangba in 33 CE.
Volta (dance)
The volta (plural: voltas) (Italian: "the turn" or "turning") is an anglicised name for a dance for couples that was popular during the later Renaissance period. This dance was associated with the galliard and done to the same kind of music. Its main figure consisted of a turn and lift in a sort of closed position, which could be done either to the right or to the left. It is also called La volta, Volta, Volte.  Spelling variants include la volta and levolto; its name is la volte in French and la volta in Italian. It was considered at first to be risque and controversial.  Although the dance was known at the court of Elizabeth I, the popular notion (much portrayed in film and television) that Elizabeth and her favourite Lord Robert Dudley regularly performed the volta is unknown.

Partner dance
Partner dances are dances whose basic choreography involves coordinated dancing of two partners. As such it occupies a middle ground between individuals dancing alone or individually in a non-coordinated manner, and groups of people dancing simultaneously in a coordinated manner.
Etlingera minor
Etlingera minor is a monocotyledonous plant species that was first described by Henry Nicholas Ridley, and got its current name by Rosemary Margaret Smith. Etlingera minor is part of the genus Etlingera and the family Zingiberaceae.

The species' range is in Sumatra. No subspecies are listed in the Catalog of Life.

Etlingera
Etlingera is a genus of Indo-Pacific herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the ginger family, Zingiberaceae, consisting of more than 100 species found in tropical regions of Afro-Eurasia.

Some of the larger species have leafy shoots reaching almost 10 metres high, and the bases of these shoots are so stout as to seem almost woody.  Others of the species grow as clumps of leafy shoots; while others have such long creeping rhizomes that each of their leafy shoots can be more than a metre apart.

Unique and distinctive to all Etlingera is a tube forming above the point where the base of the flowers petals joins onto the plant (i.e. above the  insertion of the  corolla lobes).
Wilson High School (California)
Wilson High School is an alternative public high school in Santa Clara, California, United States. It is one of five high schools in the Santa Clara Unified School District (SCUSD) and is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC).

Santa Clara Unified School District
The Santa Clara Unified School District (SCUSD) is a public school district in Santa Clara County, California, United States, that serves roughly 14,000 students from the cities of Santa Clara, Sunnyvale, San Jose, and Cupertino. The district operates eighteen elementary schools, four middle schools, one K–8 school, five high schools, one community day school, one adult education program, and one dual enrollment partnership with the West Valley–Mission Community College District at Mission College. SCUSD is very diverse, with 38% of students being Hispanic or Latino and 31% being Asian.
Derailment (thought disorder)
In psychiatry, derailment (aka loosening of association, asyndesis, asyndetic thinking, knight's move thinking, entgleisen, disorganised thinking) categorises any speech comprising sequences of unrelated or barely related ideas; the topic often changes from one sentence to another.

Idea
In philosophy and in common usage, an idea (from the Greek word: ἰδέα (idea), meaning 'a form, or a pattern') is the result of thought. Also in philosophy, ideas can also be mental representational images of some object. Many philosophers have considered ideas to be a fundamental ontological category of being. The capacity to create  and understand the meaning of ideas is considered to be an essential and defining feature of human beings.

An idea arises in a reflexive, spontaneous manner, even without thinking or serious reflection, for example, when we talk about the idea of a person or a place. A new or an original idea can often lead to innovation. Our actions are based upon beliefs, beliefs are patterns or organized sets of ideas.
Silvestre Reyes
Silvestre "Silver" Reyes (born November 10, 1944) is an American politician who was the U.S. representative for Texas's 16th congressional district, serving from 1997 to 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, he was Chairman of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence between 2007 and 2011. In the Democratic primary election on May 29, 2012, Reyes lost by a margin wide enough to avert a runoff election to former El Paso city councilman Beto O'Rourke.

In 2008, Reyes served as the Southwest co-chairman for Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign along with Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee. Then U.S. Senator Clinton praised Reyes saying he was "one of our wisest and most experienced leaders on national security and the particular issues that affect Americans living along the border and throughout the Southwest. I am proud to have his support and grateful for his advice."

United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
The United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (HPSCI), also known as the House Intelligence Committee, is a committee of the United States House of Representatives, currently chaired by Rick Crawford. It is the primary committee in the U.S. House of Representatives charged with the oversight of the United States Intelligence Community, though it does share some jurisdiction with other committees in the House, including the Armed Services Committee for some matters dealing with the Department of Defense and the various branches of the U.S. military.

The committee was preceded by the Select Committee on Intelligence between 1975 and 1977. House Resolution 658 established the permanent select committee, which gave it status equal to a standing committee on July 14, 1977.
Forest-East railway station
Forest-East railway station (French: Gare de Forest-Est; Dutch: Station Vorst-Oost) is a railway station in the municipality of Forest in Brussels, Belgium. The station, operated by the National Railway Company of Belgium (NMBS/SNCB), is located on line 124, between Brussels-South and Uccle-Stalle railway stations.

Forest, Belgium
Forest (French, pronounced [fɔʁɛ] ⓘ) or Vorst (Dutch, pronounced [vɔrst] ⓘ), is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the southern part of the region, it is bordered by Anderlecht, Ixelles, Uccle, and Saint-Gilles, as well as the Flemish municipality of Drogenbos. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch).

As of 1 January 2022, the municipality had a population of 56,616 inhabitants. The total area is 6.29 km2 (2.43 sq mi), which gives a population density of 8,998/km2 (23,300/sq mi).

The municipality is commonly known for Forest National/Vorst Nationaal concert hall. It houses an Audi factory and a railway depot that is home to the Belgian fleet of Eurostar train sets. It also formerly had a prison, Forest Prison.
Valorant Masters London 2026
The 2026 Valorant Champions Tour: London Masters, also known as Valorant Masters London 2026, is an upcoming global tournament organized by Riot Games for the  first-person tactical hero shooter game Valorant as part of the Valorant Champions Tour (VCT) 2026 competitive season. The tournament will be held in London, United Kingdom, marking the first international Valorant competition to be held in the country. Twelve teams will qualify based on their placement in their respective VCT international leagues.

Valorant Champions Tour
The Valorant Champions Tour (VCT) is a global competitive esports tournament series for the video game Valorant organised by Riot Games, the game's developers. The series runs multiple events throughout each season, culminating in Valorant Champions, the top-level event of the tour. The VCT was announced in 2020, with its inaugural season taking place in 2021.
Harold Lloyd Birthplace
The Harold Lloyd Birthplace is a historic one-story house in Burchard, Nebraska. It was built in 1893 for Harold Lloyd's parents. Lloyd lived in the house until 1897; he later became a silent actor and comedian, and he died in 1971 in Beverly Hills, California. The house has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since December 22, 1993.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Pawnee County, Nebraska
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Pawnee County, Nebraska.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Pawnee County, Nebraska, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 14 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.  Another 2 properties were once listed but have been removed.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted February 20, 2026.
5th New York State Militia
The 5th New York State Militia (after 1862 5th New York State National Guard, also known as the Jefferson Guard) was a New York State militia, organized in 1861 in New York City, under Colonel C. Schwarzwaelder, Lieutenant Colonel Louis Burger and Major George Van Amsberg. The regiment's primary language was German.  It offered its services to the state on 16 April 1861. Although the regiment was originally organized as artillery, it was assigned to the infantry.

The Jefferson Guards saw three months service and were mustered out on 7 August 1861. The regiment was reconstituted under Colonel Louis Burger in June 1863, and saw another month's service primarily on guard duty.

Department of Pennsylvania
The Department of Pennsylvania (or General Patterson's Army) was a large military unit in the Union army at the outset of the American Civil War. Established on April 27, 1861, its territory consisted of Pennsylvania, Delaware, and all of Maryland not embraced in the Department of Annapolis (later renamed Department of Maryland) and the Department of Washington.  Its remnants were absorbed into the short-lived Department of the Shenandoah on July 19, 1861, which also absorbed the Department of Maryland on July 25, and on August 24 was merged into the Department of the Potomac.
Visa requirements for Mexican citizens
Visa requirements for Mexican citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Mexico.

As of 2026, Mexican citizens have visa-free or visa on arrival access to 157 countries and territories, ranking the Mexican passport 22nd in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.

Closed city
A closed city or town is a settlement where travel or residency restrictions are applied.

Historically, the construction of closed cities became increasingly common after the beginning of the Cold War, particularly in the Soviet Union. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, they remain widespread in Russia and some of the other post-Soviet countries. The Russian government officially designates these closed cities as "closed administrative–territorial formations" (ZATO; Russian: закрытые административно–территориальные образования [ЗАТО]), for the management and execution of high-value research and development concerning nuclear energy, weapons of mass destruction, or the space industry.
Flag of Bohol
The Flag of Bohol is the provincial flag of Bohol, Philippines. It is a vertical triband bearing the three main colors of the Philippine flag.  According to the official interpretation of the flag's symbolism, the color blue represents nobility; white, purity; and red, courage. The design is similar to the flags of France and the Novgorod Oblast in Russia.

Bohol is one of the few Philippine provinces to have a distinctly-designed flag, deviating from the standard flag design of the provincial seal on a colored field. The flag has a proportion of 1:2, the same as the flag of the Philippines.

Flag of Novgorod Oblast
The flag of Novgorod Oblast was adopted on 24 December 2007.

Flag of the Novgorod region is rectangular with a ratio of 2:3, which consists of three vertical stripes, being similar to the flag of France, with each other as 1: 2: 1, blue (hoist), white (middle), and red. In the center of the white band is a shield similar to that found in the coat of arms of the oblast. The shield ratio is equal to 1/4 full length.
Epping Forest Keepers
The Epping Forest Keepers are an ancient and historic body of people who are employed by the City of London, who in return are responsible, on behalf of the Conservators, for the management and care of Epping Forest, which covers approximately ten square miles of forest, bridleway, woodland and recreational space stretching from Forest Gate in Greater London, north to North Weald in Essex. The forest is managed by the City of London Corporation and is one of many open spaces that comes under their control that is outside the City of London that are maintained by the Corporation of London at no expense to the taxpayer.

North Weald Bassett
North Weald Bassett, or simply North Weald (/ˈwiːld/ WEELD), is a village and civil parish in the Epping Forest district of Essex, England. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 6,448 and the built up area had a population of 4,348.

A market is held every Saturday and Bank Holiday Monday at North Weald Airfield. The market used to be the largest open air market in the country but reduced its size over the years.
2010 Oceania Youth Athletics Championships
The 2010 Oceanian Youth Athletics Championships were held at the Sydney Olympic Park Athletic Centre in Homebush, New South Wales, Australia, between March 11–14, 2010.  They were held together with the 2010 Australian Junior Athletics Championships (U14 to U20).
A total of 42 events were contested, 21 by boys and 21 by girls. 
Two highlights of the games were u20 boy athlete Damien Birkenhead winning the shot put with a throw of 21.72m and u18 girl athlete Sarah Jackson winning the 400m sprint in a time of 53:61 seconds.

Oceania U18 Athletics Championships
The Oceania Youth Athletics Championships is an athletics event organized by the Oceania Athletics Association (OAA) open for youth (U18) athletes from member and associate member associations.  The competition is held biennially for the first time in 1993 until 1999, and between 2000 and 2008 together with the Oceania Open Championships.  In 2010 and 2011, it was held together with the Australian Junior Athletics Championships (U14 to U20), and in 2013 again together with the Oceania Open Championships.
Pradera
Pradera (Spanish pronunciation: [pɾaˈðeɾa]) is a town and municipality in the Department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia.

Pradera is one of 42 municipalities in Valle de Cauca, and is located in the south-eastern corner of the department. Its geography is characterized by large mountain ranges of the Andes and meadows, which are largely used for sugarcane cultivation.

Palmira, Valle del Cauca
Palmira is a city and municipality in southwestern Colombia in the Valle del Cauca Department. Situated approximately 27 kilometres (17 mi) east of Cali, the department's capital, Palmira is the second largest city in the department behind Cali, with a population of over 354,000 (2020 est.).

Palmira's contribution to agribusiness has earned it the title of Colombia's agricultural capital, with companies such as Manuelita, Providencia Sugar Mill and Del Cauca Sugar Mill all based in the city. In addition to sugarcane, the city and surrounding area also produces coffee, rice, corn and tobacco.
2018 Sudamérica Rugby Sevens
The 2018 Sudamérica Rugby Sevens was the twelfth edition of the Sudamérica Rugby Sevens, the continental championship for rugby sevens in South America. Five national teams competed for two slots, not only for the 2018 Hong Kong Sevens qualification tournament, but also for participation at the 2018 Rugby World Cup Sevens.

2018 Rugby World Cup Sevens
The 2018 Rugby World Cup Sevens was the seventh edition of the Rugby World Cup Sevens. Organized by World Rugby, it was held at AT&T Park, now known as Oracle Park, in San Francisco, United States. A total of 84 matches were played over three days from July 20–22, 2018. The men's tournament had 24 teams and the women's tournament 16, with both tournaments being played for the first time in a knock-out only format. 
New Zealand won the championship for both events — defeating England in the men's final and France in the women's final.