hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Weifang
Weifang (simplified Chinese: 潍坊; traditional Chinese: 濰坊; pinyin: Wéifāng) is a prefecture-level city in central Shandong province, People's Republic of China. The city borders Dongying to the northwest, Zibo to the west, Linyi to the southwest, Rizhao to the south, Qingdao to the east, and looks out to the Laizhou Bay to the north. Its population was 9,386,705 at the 2020 census, of whom 3,095,520 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made up of four urban districts (Kuiwen, Weicheng, Hanting and Fangzi) and Changle County.

Weifang has numerous natural and historic sites, such as Shihu Garden (from the Late Ming and early Qing dynasty), Fangong Pavilion (from the Song dynasty), fossil sites (including dinosaur fossils, in Shanwang, Linqu), Mount Yi National Forest Park, Mount Qingyun and the Old Dragon Spring. Painted New Year woodcuts from Yangjiabu are also well-known. The city is served by Weifang Airport to various cities across China.

Shandong University of Science and Technology
36°0′3″N 120°7′30″E﻿ / ﻿36.00083°N 120.12500°E﻿ / 36.00083; 120.12500

The Shandong University of Science and Technology (SDUST; 山东科技大学) is a provincial public university in Qingdao, Shandong, China. It is affiliated with the Province of Shandong and funded by the provincial government. It was established in 1951. The university offers courses in science and technology.
Tipton and Wednesbury
Tipton and Wednesbury is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. Further to the completion of the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, it was first contested at the 2024 general election. It is represented by Antonia Bance of the Labour Party.

The constituency name refers to the towns of Tipton and Wednesbury.

Wednesbury
Wednesbury (/ˈwɛnzbəri/ locally [ˈwɛnzbriː]) is a market town in the Sandwell district, in the county of the West Midlands, England; it was historically in Staffordshire. It is located near the source of the River Tame and is part of the Black Country. Wednesbury is situated 5 miles (8km) south-east of Wolverhampton, 3 miles (4.4km) south-west of Walsall and 7 miles (11.8km) north-west of Birmingham. At the 2021 Census, the town's built-up area had a population of 20,313.
Mülheim-Kärlich
Mülheim-Kärlich (German pronunciation: [ˈmyːlhaɪm ˈkɛːɐ̯lɪç] ⓘ) is a town in the district Mayen-Koblenz, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is part of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Weißenthurm. It is situated west of Koblenz, a few kilometers from the Rhine. It is the site of the closed Mülheim-Kärlich Nuclear Power Plant.

In the 17th and 18th century, Schloss Kärlich was a favourite summer palace and hunting lodge of the Prince-Electors and Archbishops of Trier.

Mayen-Koblenz
Mayen-Koblenz is a district (Kreis) in the north of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Ahrweiler, Neuwied, Westerwaldkreis, district-free Koblenz, Rhein-Lahn, Rhein-Hunsrück, Cochem-Zell, and Vulkaneifel.
Ralph Blakelock (priest)
Christianity portal

Ralph Blakelock (born Leeds 1803 –  died Gimingham 1892) was Archdeacon of Norfolk from 1869 until 1874.

Nevill was educated at Giggleswick School and St Catharine's College, Cambridge. He was ordained in 1832 and was Rector of Gimingham from 1833 until his death on 1 March 1892.

Archdeacon of Norfolk
The Archdeacon of Norfolk is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Church of England Diocese of Norwich, who exercises supervision of clergy and responsibility for church buildings within the geographical area of their archdeaconry.

The current archdeacon is Steven Betts who was appointed in 2012.
Latvian musical bows
Two types of musical bow are common in Latvia:  the spēles and the pūšļa vijole. The spēles is simply a primitive musical bow that can be plucked, or bowed with a second bow. While the pūšļa vijole (English: bladder fiddle) adds an inflated animal bladder as a resonator.

Musical bow
The musical bow (bowstring or string bow, a subset of bar zithers) is a simple string instrument used by a number of African peoples as well as Indigenous peoples of the Americas. It consists of a flexible, usually wooden, stick 1.5 to 10 feet (0.5 to 3 m) long, and strung end to end with a taut cord, usually metal. It can be played with the hands or a wooden stick or branch. It is uncertain if the musical bow developed from the hunting bow, though the San or Bushmen people of the Kalahari Desert do convert their hunting bows to musical use.

Types of bow include mouth-resonated string bow, earth-resonated string bow, and gourd-resonated string bow.
Read–write conflict
In computer science, in the field of databases, read–write conflict, also known as unrepeatable reads, is a computational anomaly associated with interleaved execution of transactions. Specifically, a read–write conflict occurs when a "transaction requests to read an entity for which an unclosed transaction has already made a write request."

Given a schedule S

In this example, T1 has read the original value of A, and is waiting for T2 to finish. T2 also reads the original value of A, overwrites A, and commits.

However, when T1 reads from A, it discovers two different versions of A, and T1 would be forced to abort, because T1 would not know what to do. This is an unrepeatable read. This could never occur in a serial schedule, in which each transaction executes in its entirety before another begins. Strict two-phase locking (Strict 2PL) or Serializable Snapshot Isolation (SSI) prevent this conflict.

Two-phase locking
In databases and transaction processing, two-phase locking (2PL) is a pessimistic concurrency control method that guarantees conflict-serializability. It is also the name of the resulting set of database transaction schedules (histories). The protocol uses locks, applied by a transaction to data, which may block (interpreted as signals to stop) other transactions from accessing the same data during the transaction's life.

By the 2PL protocol, locks are applied and removed in two phases:

Expanding phase: locks are acquired and no locks are released.

Shrinking phase: locks are released and no locks are acquired.

Two types of locks are used by the basic protocol: Shared and Exclusive locks. Refinements of the basic protocol may use more lock types. Using locks that block processes, 2PL, S2PL, and SS2PL may be subject to deadlocks that result from the mutual blocking of two or more transactions.
2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase
The 2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase started on 21 March 2023 with the quarter-finals and ended with the final on 3 June 2023 at the Philips Stadion in Eindhoven, Netherlands, to decide the champions of the 2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League.

2023 UEFA Women's Champions League final
The 2023 UEFA Women's Champions League final was the final match of the 2022–23 UEFA Women's Champions League, the 22nd season of Europe's premier women's club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 14th season since it was renamed from the UEFA Women's Cup to the UEFA Women's Champions League. The match was played at the Philips Stadion in Eindhoven, Netherlands on 3 June 2023, between Spanish club Barcelona and German club VfL Wolfsburg.

Barcelona won the match 3–2 for their second UEFA Women's Champions League title.
Chur–Arosa railway line
The Chur–Arosa railway line, also called the Arosabahn, Arosalinie, Aroserbahn or Aroserlinie (all meaning Arosa railway or line), is a Swiss metre-gauge railway line, which is owned and operated by the Rhaetian Railway (German: Rhätische Bahn; RhB). It was built in 1914 by the Chur-Arosa-Bahn (lit. 'Chur-Arosa Railway'; ChA) to connect the Grisons capital, Chur, with the spa town of Arosa. Since 1942, it has been integrated into the network of the Rhaetian Railway. The name of the former company is still used as a name for the line.

Castielertobel Viaduct
The Castielertobel Viaduct (German: Castielertobel-Viadukt) was a single track railway bridge spanning the Castielertobelbach, and linking the municipalities of Castiel and Calfreisen, in the Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It was built between 1913 and 1914 for the Chur–Arosa railway, and was owned and used by the Rhaetian Railway.

It was demolished on 13 May 2024, and its replacement was already built, and waiting near the old bridge, designed to slide into place within two weeks.  The replacement is a single span steel construction designed to shorten by up to 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in) over the predicted 100 year life of the bridge.
Maureen Kelley
Maureen Kelley is the Wallace and Mona Wu Chair in Bioethics at Wake Forest University's Centre for Bioethics, Health & Society. Previous to this role she held a Chair in Ethics Education and Professor of Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, and Professor of Bioethics at the Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, England from 2016 to 2022. She has previously served on the World Health Organization's COVID-19 research ethics review committee.

Bioethics
Bioethics is both a field of study and professional practice, interested in ethical issues related to health (primarily focused on the human, but also increasingly includes animal ethics), including those emerging from advances in biology, medicine, and technologies. It proposes the discussion about moral discernment in society (what decisions are "good" or "bad" and why) and it is often related to medical policy and practice, but also to broader questions as environment, well-being and public health. Bioethics is concerned with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships among life sciences, biotechnology, medicine, politics, law, theology and philosophy. It includes the study of values relating to primary care, other branches of medicine ("the ethics of the ordinary"), ethical education in science, animal, and environmental ethics, and public health.
NGC 7592
NGC 7592 is an interacting galaxy system located 300 million light years away in the constellation Aquarius. It was discovered by William Herschel on September 20, 1784. The total infrared luminosity is 1011.33 L☉, and thus it is categorised as a luminous infrared galaxy. One of the galaxies hosts a type 2 Seyfert nucleus.

Interacting galaxy
Interacting galaxies, also known as colliding galaxies, are two or more galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another. There are several types of galactic interactions, including major interactions, minor interactions, and galaxy harassment. Major interactions occur between galaxies with similar amounts of mass, whereas minor interactions involve galaxies with masses that vary significantly. An example of a minor interaction is a satellite galaxy disturbing the primary galaxy's spiral arms. An example of a major interaction is a galactic collision, such as the one that  astronomers estimate will happen in the future between the Milky Way and Andromeda. Collisions may lead to galaxy mergers and may also lead to other phenomena such as star formation and black hole activity.
Sandra Carpenter
Sandra Mitchell Carpenter (1934–2003) was an American corporate executive, engineer, and information technology professional. During the 1980s,  Carpenter served as corporate vice president for information management systems at Hilton Hotels. She was one of the first women to serve as a chief information officer (CIO) at a company with more than $1 billion in revenue. During her tenure at Hilton, CIO magazine named the company to their list of the top ten travel service IT Innovators. Carpenter also received placement on CIO Magazine's list of the top 100 CIOs.

Chief information officer
A chief information officer (CIO), chief digital information officer (CDIO), or information technology (IT) director is a job title commonly given to the most senior executive in an enterprise who works with information technology and computer systems, in order to support enterprise goals.

Normally, the CIO reports directly to the Managing Director. In military organizations, the CIO reports to the commanding officer. The role of chief information officer was first defined in 1981 by  William R. Synnott, former senior vice president of the Bank of Boston, and William H. Gruber, a former professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management. A CIO will sometimes serve as a member of the board of directors.
Helicinae
Helicinae is a subfamily of terrestrial gastropods in the family Helicidae. It contains mostly large land snail species, distributed in the western Palaearctic. The most recent (as of 2023) classification proposed division into three tribes.

The subfamily contains the largest helicids, and includes widely known, widespread species like the garden snail, grove snail, white garden snail, chocolate-band snail or the Roman snail.

Cepaea nemoralis
Cepaea nemoralis, the grove snail, brown-lipped snail or lemon snail, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc. Cepaea nemoralis is the type species of the genus Cepaea.

The species is one of the most common large land snails in Europe and has been introduced to North America. It is used as a model organism in ecological genetics, including in citizen science projects.
The Standard of Revolt
"The Standard of Revolt", known by its original title "The Red Flag" (French: Le drapeau rouge, pronounced [lə dʁapo ʁuʒ]), is a French socialist and anarchist revolutionary song written in 1877 by Paul Brousse to the melody of the Swiss patriotic song "The Shores of Free Sarine" (French: Les bords de la libre Sarine) by Jacques Vogt.

The English translation by M. L. Korr, published in 1932 is not based directly on the original French lyrics, but on the substantially modified Polish 1882 version by Bolesław Czerwieński, titled „Czerwony sztandar“ ("The Red Standard"), which became the anthem of the Polish Socialist Party. Czerwieński's lyrics were also the basis for Czech, German, Hungarian, Latvian, Romanian, Russian, Ukrainian, Yiddish and other translations.

Revolutionary song
Revolutionary songs are political songs that advocate or praise revolutions. They are used to boost morale and spread political propaganda or agitation. Amongst the most well-known revolutionary songs are "La Marseillaise" and "The Internationale". Many protest songs can be considered revolutionary – or later become canonized as revolutionary songs following a successful revolution. On the other hand, once a revolution is established, some of the aspects of protest song may be considered counter-revolutionary.

Revolutionary songs are a notable part of propaganda. The singing of such songs is often considered as a demonstrative or revolutionary action. Such songs have been known to lend solidarity to disjointed political communities. Some revolutionary songs have appeared spontaneously; others have been written by notable authors, such as Bertolt Brecht. Revolutionary songs are frequently targeted at certain governments.
Norwegian Union of Textile Workers
The Norwegian Union of Textile Workers (Norwegian: Norsk Tekstilarbeiderforbund, NTF) was a trade union representing workers in the textile industry in Norway.

The union was founded on 1 November 1924, as a split from the Norwegian Union of General Workers.  It affiliated to the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions.  By 1968, it had 8,650 members.  The following year, it merged with the Norwegian Union of Clothing Workers and the Norwegian Union of Shoe Makers, forming the Garment Workers' Union.

Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions
The Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions (Norwegian: Landsorganisasjonen i Norge, LO) is a national trade union center, the largest and probably the most influential umbrella organization of labour unions in Norway. The 21 national unions affiliated to the LO have almost 1,000,000 members of a Norwegian population of 5 million. The majority of affiliated unions organizes traditional blue collar workers, but the largest affiliate is the Norwegian Union of Municipal and General Employees which makes up more than a third of all members. LO is affiliated to the ITUC and the ETUC.

It was named the Workers' National Trade Union (Norwegian: Arbeidernes Faglige Landsorganisasjon, AFL) from 1899 to 1957. Affiliated with the Labour Party throughout its history, several of LO's member unions have concurrently been member bodies in the Labour Party.

The organization owns the Norwegian Labour Movement Archives and Library.
B.B. Chemical Co. v. Ellis
B.B. Chemical Co. v. Ellis, 314 U.S. 495 (1942), is a United States Supreme Court decision involving the patent misuse doctrine and the extent of remedies a court should award after finding a misuse that the patentee alleges it has now discontinued. The Court ruled that to be able to enforce the patent against infringement the patentee must show that it has fully abandoned its unlawful practice and that the consequences of that practice have been fully dissipated. This was a companion case to Morton Salt Co. v. G.S. Suppiger Co. decided on the same day.

Patent misuse
In United States patent law, patent misuse is a patent holder's use of a patent to restrain trade beyond enforcing the exclusive rights that a lawfully obtained patent provides. If a court finds that a patent holder committed patent misuse, the court may rule that the patent holder has lost the right to enforce the patent. Patent misuse that restrains economic competition substantially can also violate United States antitrust law.
Scouting and Guiding in Mauritius
Scouting in Mauritius began in 1912 when 17 year old Samuel Blunt de Burgh Edwards formed the first patrol of Scouts in Mauritius and later became the first adult leader. He is regarded as the founder of Scouting in Mauritius. Independent Scout troops were formed across Mauritius. In 1913 The Boy Scouts Association of the United Kingdom formed its Mauritian Local Association (later its Mauritian Branch) and attempted to register the local troops. Separate associations for Catholic, Protestant, Muslim and Hindu Scouts developed, some with connections to organisations in other nations. In 1971 The Mauritius Scout Association was constituted.

The Scout and Guide movement in Mauritius is now mainly served by

The Mauritius Girl Guides Association, a member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts

The Mauritius Scout Association, a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement

The Mauritius Girl Guides Association
The Mauritius Girl Guides Association is the national Guiding organization of Mauritius. It serves 1,051 members (as of 2003). Founded in 1926, the girls-only organization became a full member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts in 1975.
Computer Modern
Computer Modern is the original family of typefaces used by  the typesetting program TeX. It was created by Donald Knuth with his Metafont program, and was most recently updated in 1992. Computer Modern and its variants remain very widely used in scientific publishing, especially in disciplines that make frequent use of mathematical notation.

PostScript fonts
PostScript fonts are font files encoded in outline font specifications developed by Adobe Systems for professional digital typesetting. This system uses the PostScript file format to encode font information.

"PostScript fonts" may also separately be used to refer to a basic set of fonts included as standards in the PostScript system, such as Times New Roman, Helvetica, and Avant Garde.
Route nationale 7
The Route nationale 7, or RN 7, is a trunk road (nationale) in France between Paris and the border with Italy.  It was also known as Route des vacances (The Holiday Route), Route bleue (The Blue Route), and — sarcastically, during the annual rush to the Mediterranean beaches — the Route de la mort (Road of Death).

Forest of Fontainebleau
The forest of Fontainebleau (French: Forêt de Fontainebleau, or Forêt de Bière, meaning, in old French, "forest of heather") is a mixed deciduous forest lying sixty kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Paris, France. It is located primarily in the arrondissement of Fontainebleau in the southwestern part of the department of Seine-et-Marne. Most of it also lies in the canton of Fontainebleau, although parts of it extend into adjoining cantons, and even as far west as the town of Milly-la-Forêt in the neighboring department, Essonne. Several communes lie within the forest, notably the towns of Fontainebleau and Avon. The forest has an area of 250 km2 (97 sq mi).
The Doctor (Once Upon a Time)
"The Doctor" is the fifth episode of the second season of the American ABC fantasy/drama television series Once Upon a Time, and the show's 27th episode overall, which aired on October 28, 2012.

In this episode, Daniel is brought back to life; Emma, Snow, Aurora, and Mulan meet Captain Hook; and in the past, Regina hires Dr. Frankenstein to bring Daniel back to life.

It was co-written by Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed by Paul Edwards.

Once Upon a Time season 2
The second season of the American ABC fantasy-drama series Once Upon a Time was announced on May 10, 2012. It premiered on September 30, 2012, and concluded on May 12, 2013. Ginnifer Goodwin, Jennifer Morrison, Lana Parrilla, Josh Dallas, Jared S. Gilmore, and Robert Carlyle return as principal cast members from the first season, and are joined by Emilie de Ravin, Meghan Ory, and Colin O'Donoghue. This season is the only one to feature Ory in a regular capacity.

The season's plot follows the breaking of the curse and the introduction of magic by Rumplestiltskin / Mr. Gold (Carlyle) into Storybrooke in the first season finale, with the characters having to deal with their dual identities and new emerging threats. Existing fictional characters introduced to the series during the season include Captain Hook (O'Donoghue), Princess Aurora, Mulan, Prince Phillip, Robin Hood, the Darling family, and the Lost Boys.
USS Current
USS Current (ARS-22) was a Diver-class rescue and salvage ship commissioned by the U.S. Navy during World War II. Her task was to come to the aid of stricken vessels.

Current (ARS-22) was launched 25 September 1943 by Basalt Rock Company in Napa, California; sponsored by Mrs. E. R. Booker; and commissioned 14 June 1944.

Basalt Rock Company
Basalt Rock Company was a multifaceted industrial operation that was founded in 1920.  The company started as a rock quarrying operation located a few miles south of Napa, California near Rocktram adjacent to the Napa River. It later branched out into the ship building business in 1941 when it started building ships for the U.S. Navy for use during World War II. Following the war, the plant built 30 miles of pipe for the City of Napa's pipeline from Lake Hennessey.

In 1950, the company took title of a cement plant formerly owned by Standard Portland Cement Company in what is now American Canyon, California. The cement plant remained in operation until 1978.  As of 2001, the city was evaluating the plant for future use.