hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Herbert Lewin
Thomas Herbert Lewin (Lushai: Thangliana, lit. 'Greatly Famous',  Chakma: Lubin Saab, 1 April 1839 – 11 February 1916) was a British military officer, linguist and ethnologist. He is most well known for his role as the superintendent of the Chittagong Hill Tracts. Lewin studied and published on the tribes of the northeast frontier on the Chakma, Kuki and Lushais. For this reason he gained the exonym of Thangliana from the Lushai tribes.

Chittagong Hill Tracts
The Chittagong Hill Tracts (Bengali: পার্বত্য চট্টগ্রাম, romanized: Pārbôtyô Côṭṭôgrām), often shortened to simply the Hill Tracts and abbreviated to CHT, includes the three hilly districts within the Chittagong Division in southeastern Bangladesh, bordering India and Myanmar (Burma) in the east: Khagrachhari, Rangamati, and Bandarban. Covering 13,295 square kilometres (5,133 mi2), CHT is an extensively hilly area and home to a variety of tribal peoples in Bangladesh. The CHT were divided by the British in the 19th century into three tribal chieftaincies, the Chakma Circle, the Mong Circle and the Bohmong Circle. They formed a single district until 1984, when they were divided into three separate districts.
Lower Hesse
Lower Hesse is a historic designation for an area in northern Hesse, Germany.

The term Lower Hesse originated in the Middle Ages for the so-called "lower principality" of Hesse, which was separated until 1450 from the so-called "upper principality" (later Upper Hesse) by the comital lands of Ziegenhain. Lower Hesse was traversed by the Rhine and the Maine. It covered the area at the lower part of the Fulda and Eder rivers, and the Schwalm, Werra and Upper Weser rivers, including the towns of Kassel, Homberg (Efze), Melsungen, and Rotenburg an der Fulda.

Following the death in 1567 of Landgrave Philip the Magnanimous, Hesse was divided up among his four sons, with Lower Hesse becoming the heart of the new Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel, which went to his son William IV.

Fulda (river)
The Fulda (German pronunciation: [ˈfʊlda] ⓘ) is a river of Hesse and Lower Saxony, Germany. It is one of two headstreams of the Weser (the other one being the Werra). The Fulda is 220.4 kilometres (137.0 mi) long.

The river arises at Wasserkuppe in the Rhön mountains in Hesse. From there it runs northeast, flanked by the Knüll mountains in the west and the Seulingswald in the east. Near Bebra it changes direction to the northwest.

After joining the Eder river it flows straight north until Kassel, then changes direction to the northeast, with the Kaufungen Forest east and the beginning of the Reinhardswald forest northwest.  The north end of the river meets the Werra in Hannoversch Münden, Lower Saxony, where the Fulda and the Werra join to form the Weser river.

Cities along the Fulda include:

Gersfeld

Fulda

Bad Hersfeld

Bebra

Rotenburg an der Fulda

Melsungen

Kassel
Maddox rod
The Maddox rod test can be used to subjectively detect and measure a latent, manifest, horizontal or vertical strabismus for near and distance. The test is based on the principle of diplopic projection. Dissociation of the deviation is brought about by presenting a red line image to one eye and a white light to the other, while prisms are used to superimpose these and effectively measure the angle of deviation (horizontal and vertical). The strength of the prism is increased until the streak of the light passes through the centre of the prism, as the strength of the prism indicates the amount of deviation present. The Maddox rod is a handheld instrument composed of red parallel plano convex cylinder lens, which refracts light rays so that a point source of light is seen as a line or streak of light. Due to the optical properties, the streak of light is seen perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder.

Retinal correspondence
In visual perception,  retinal correspondence is the inherent relationship between paired retinal visual cells in the two eyes. Images from one object stimulate both cells, which transmit the information to the brain, permitting a single visual impression localized in the same direction in space.
Ukrainian Federation of Strength Athletes
The Ukrainian Federation of Strength Athletes (UFSA) (Ukrainian: Федерація найсильніших атлетів України і перетягування канату) is a federation of strength athletes in Ukraine. It was created in 2001 and is a member of the International Federation of Strength Athletes (IFSA) which includes 54 national federations.

International Federation of Strength Athletes
The International Federation of Strength Athletes (IFSA or IFSA Strongman) was an international governing body for strongman competition. IFSA operated from 1995 to 2007 and was based in Glasgow, Scotland.
Richard Bruce Snodgrass
Richard Bruce Snodgrass (born April 22, 1940) is an American writer and photographer known for his evocations of life in small-town and rural western Pennsylvania. His published work includes fiction, nonfiction, and photography.

Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania
Beaver Falls is a city in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 9,005 at the 2020 census. The city lies along the Beaver River 6 miles (9.7 km) north of its confluence with the Ohio River. It is 31 miles (50 km) northwest of Pittsburgh and is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.
2000 African Women's Championship squads
This article describes the squads for the 2000 African Women's Championship.

The age listed for each player is on 11 November 2000, the first day of the tournament. The numbers of caps and goals listed for each player do not include any matches played after the start of the tournament. The club listed is the club for which the player last played a competitive match prior to the tournament. A flag is included for coaches who are of a different nationality than their own national team.

2000 African Women's Championship
The 2000 African Women's Championship was the 4th edition of the biennial African women's association football tournament organized by Confederation of African Football and the second to be hosted by a country. It was held in South Africa between 11 and 25 November 2000.

Nigeria won their 4th title, beating South Africa 2–0 in a final which got abandoned at the 73rd minute.
Kelsey, Manitoba
For the municipality, see: the Rural Municipality of Kelsey

Kelsey is a locality south of Split Lake, Manitoba, on the Nelson River. It has a strong association with the hydro electric generation in the area. It is served by Kelsey Airport (IATA code KES) and the Hudson Bay Railway (reporting mark HBRY).

Split Lake, Manitoba
Split Lake, or Tataskwayak (Cree: ᑕᑕᐢᑿᔭᕽ), is a community in Manitoba on the northern shore of Split Lake along the Nelson River, about 240 mi (390 km) west southwest of the river's mouth at Hudson Bay, and is within the Tataskweyak Cree Nation reserve, Split Lake 171. The community is located 143 km (89 mi) northeast of Thompson, roughly the halfway point of PR 280 in Northern Manitoba, and 169 km (105 mi) west of Gillam.
Soyuz TM-23
Soyuz TM-23 was a Soyuz spaceflight which launched on February 21, 1996, to Mir.  The spacecraft launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome, and after two days of flight, Yuri Onufrienko and Yury Usachov docked with Mir and became the 21st resident crew of the Station.  On September 2, 1996, after 191 days docked with Mir, the ship undocked with the launch crew and Claudie André-Deshays onboard, before eventually landing 107 km (66 mi) south west of Akmola, Kazakhstan.

STS-76
STS-76 was NASA's 76th Space Shuttle mission, and the 16th mission for Atlantis. STS-76 launched on 22 March 1996 at 08:13:04 UTC from Kennedy Space Center, launch pad 39B. STS-76 lasted over 9 days, traveled about 6,100,000 km (3,800,000 mi) while orbiting Earth an estimated 145 times, and landing at 13:28:57 UTC on 31 March 1996 at Edwards Air Force Base, runway 22.

The flight was the third Shuttle mission to dock with the Russian Space Station Mir, as part of the Shuttle–Mir program, carrying astronaut Shannon Lucid to the orbital laboratory to replace NASA astronaut Norman Thagard. STS-76 also carried a SPACEHAB single module along with Lucid, and on flight day 6, Linda M. Godwin and Michael R. Clifford performed the first U.S. spacewalk around two docked spacecraft since the last Skylab mission in 1974.
Holy Ghost Missionary College, Kimmage Manor, Dublin
The Holy Ghost Missionary College, in Kimmage in Dublin, Ireland, colloquially known as Kimmage Manor, is a Holy Ghost Fathers (Spiritans) institution that has served as a Seminary training missionary priests and spawned two other colleges the Kimmage Mission Institute and the Kimmage Development Studies Centre. The college church, The Church of the Holy Spirit (Kimmage Manor) serves as the parish church.

John Charles McQuaid
John Charles McQuaid, C.S.Sp. (28 July 1895 – 7 April 1973), was the Catholic Primate of Ireland and Archbishop of Dublin between December 1940 and January 1972. He was known for the unusual amount of influence he had over successive governments.
Island thrush
The island thrush species complex has been split into 17 species:

Bismarck island thrush, Turdus heinrothi

Bougainville island thrush, Turdus bougainvillei

Christmas island thrush, Turdus erythropleurus

Fiji island thrush, Turdus ruficeps

Luzon island thrush, Turdus thomassoni

Mindanao island thrush, Turdus nigrorum

Mindoro island thrush, Turdus mindorensis

Moluccan island thrush, Turdus deningeri

New Caledonian island thrush, Turdus xanthopus

Papuan island thrush, Turdus papuensis

Samoan island thrush, Turdus samoensis

Solomons island thrush, Turdus kulambangrae

Sundaic island thrush, Turdus javanicus

Tasman Sea island thrush, Turdus poliocephalus

Vanikoro island thrush, Turdus vanikorensis

Wallacean island thrush, Turdus schlegelii

White-headed island thrush, Turdus pritzbueri

Solomons island thrush
The Solomons island thrush (Turdus kulambangrae), also known as the Guadalcanal island thrush, is a species of passerine in the family Turdidae. It is endemic to the Solomon Islands. Prior to 2024, it was considered to be two different subspecies of the island thrush.
Siren Edelweiss
The Siren C.30 Edelweiss (or C.30S) is a 15 m span, Standard Class sailplane designed in France in the early 1960s. The Edelweiss came second in its class at the 1963 World Gliding Championships (WGC) and first in its class two years later.  Several are still flying in France and elsewhere in 2010.

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
2012 Winston-Salem Open
The 2012 Winston-Salem Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 44th edition of the Winston-Salem Open, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2012 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, from August 19 through August 25, 2012. It was the last event on the 2012 US Open Series before the 2012 US Open. John Isner won the singles title.

Winston-Salem Open
The Winston-Salem Open is a men's professional tennis tournament played on the ATP Tour at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina in the United States. It made its debut at Winston-Salem in 2011 and is part of the ATP 250 tournaments. It was previously held in Long Island and New Haven before it was sold and relocated to Winston-Salem, creating a new tournament.

The Winston-Salem Open was awarded the 2016 ATP Tour 250 Tournament of the Year.
2006 Oceania Youth Athletics Championships
The 2006 Oceania Youth Athletics Championships were held at the Apia Park in Apia, Samoa, between December 13–16, 2006. They were held together with the 2006 Oceania Open Championships. A total of 37 events were contested, 19 by boys and 18 by girls.

Oceania U18 Athletics Championships
The Oceania Youth Athletics Championships is an athletics event organized by the Oceania Athletics Association (OAA) open for youth (U18) athletes from member and associate member associations.  The competition is held biennially for the first time in 1993 until 1999, and between 2000 and 2008 together with the Oceania Open Championships.  In 2010 and 2011, it was held together with the Australian Junior Athletics Championships (U14 to U20), and in 2013 again together with the Oceania Open Championships.
ABS Capital Partners
ABS Capital Partners is an American private equity firm focused on investments in software and tech-enabled services businesses across a range of industries, including FinTech, Healthcare, EdTech, eCommerce, cybersecurity, and Smart Cities. Founded in 1990, the firm is based in Washington, DC, Baltimore, and San Francisco. The company has raised approximately $2.5 billion since its inception across seven funds. ABS Capital Partners is a member of the National Venture Capital Association.

Alex. Brown & Sons
Alex. Brown & Sons was the first investment bank in the United States, founded by Alexander Brown in 1800 in Baltimore, Maryland.  The firm was acquired by Bankers Trust in 1997 to form BT Alex. Brown, and then integrated into Deutsche Bank in 1999 following Deutsche's acquisition of BT. In 2016, Raymond James acquired Deutsche's U.S. private client services unit, operating under the Alex. Brown brand.
BET Awards 2023
The 23rd BET Awards took place on June 25, 2023, to celebrate achievements in entertainment and honors music, sports, television, and movies. It was held at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles, California, and had no host due to the WGA Strike.

The nominations were announced on June 8. Canadian rapper Drake received the most nominations with seven, followed by GloRilla with six, 21 Savage and Lizzo with five each, and Beyoncé, Burna Boy, Chris Brown, Ice Spice, and SZA, all with four. The Viewer's Choice Award category also returned after not being presented the year prior. The performers were announced on June 15. On June 23, it was announced that rapper Busta Rhymes would receive of the Lifetime Achievement Award, and Patti LaBelle performed a tribute to Tina Turner. The show received mixed reviews; with some praising the performances but criticizing the choice of winners.

BET Awards
The BET Awards are an American award show that was established in 2001 by the Black Entertainment Television network to celebrate Black entertainers and other minorities in music, film, sports and philanthropy. The awards, which are presented annually, are broadcast live on BET. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by artists; some of the awards of more popular interest are presented in a televised ceremony.
R. M. Williams (company)
R. M. Williams is an Australian footwear and clothing company. It is best known for producing chelsea boots for men and women. The company was founded by R. M. Williams. It is currently owned by Tattarang, an investment company owned by mining magnate Andrew Forrest.

Chelsea boot
Chelsea boots are close-fitting, ankle-length boots with elastic side panels, a low heel and a snug fit around the ankle. They often have a loop or tab of fabric on the back of the boot, enabling the boot to be pulled on. The boot dates back to the Victorian era, when it was worn by both men and women.

Chelsea boots and some of their variants were considered an iconic fashion element of the 60s in Britain, particularly in the mod scene.
Radio 1 (Belgium)
Radio 1 is a Belgian radio channel operated by the Flemish public broadcaster Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroep (VRT).

The channel focuses on news (with bulletins every half hour), together with discussion and debate on public policy and social issues. Radio 1 also carries live coverage of sporting events, branded "Sporza Radio".

Radio 1's musical content is a mix of contemporary and classic pop and rock music (focusing on Flemish productions), with specialist music programming in the evening schedules.

Sporza
Sporza is a multimedia brand of Belgian public-service radio and television network VRT specifically for coverage of sporting events. These broadcasts are organised by the Flemish government and mainly publicly financed.
Gamla Tyresö
Gamla Tyresö (meaning Old Tyresö) is a district of Tyresö Municipality in Sweden. It consists of the eastern half of the municipality, containing the Tyresö Strand and Raksta areas, the long Brevik peninsula, and the vast forest in the south.

Gamla Tyresö contains almost exclusively detached houses and summer cottages. The Tyresö Strand area has since mid-1990s been built with a higher density with tightly packed detached, semi-detached and terraced houses. There is a small amount of apartment buildings and commercial establishments around Strandtorget.

Tyresö Palace and Tyresö Church from 17th century are located in Gamla Tyresö as well. The forest in south contains about half of Tyresta National Park on the Tyresö side.

Located on the Brevik peninsula, southeast of Trinntorp, is Telegrafberget 84 m (276 ft) above sea level, from where one has a view all the way to central Stockholm.

Tyresö Church
Tyresö Church (Swedish: Tyresö kyrka) is a 17th-century church in Tyresö, Sweden, belonging to the Tyresö parish. The church is located near Tyresö Palace, which was built during the same era.

The church has a brick exterior and built in a style of a mixture of gothic and renaissance with the tower facing west. It was built during 1638–1640 by riksdrots Gabriel Oxenstierna, who also built Tyresö castle. The church was inaugurated March 9, 1641 with Gabriel Oxenstierna's own burial.

In 1790 the tower and roof were destroyed by a fire, and due to financial difficulties the spire on the tower was not rebuilt, and a low pyramid formed roof was built there instead, which is there still today.

Tyresö church is one of the most popular churches in Sweden for weddings due to its idyllic placement on a hillock surrounded by meadows and lush trees, and the proximity to Tyresö castle and no modern buildings nearby.
Oral mucosa tissue engineering
Tissue engineering of oral mucosa combines cells, materials and engineering to produce a three-dimensional reconstruction of oral mucosa. It is meant to simulate the real anatomical structure and function of oral mucosa. Tissue engineered oral mucosa shows promise for clinical use, such as the replacement of soft tissue defects in the oral cavity. These defects can be divided into two major categories: the gingival recessions (receding gums) which are tooth-related defects, and the non tooth-related defects. Non tooth-related defects can be the result of trauma, chronic infection or defects caused by tumor resection or ablation (in the case of oral cancer). Common approaches for replacing damaged oral mucosa are the use of autologous grafts and cultured epithelial sheets.

Blood vessel
Blood vessels  are the tubular structures of a circulatory system transporting blood in animal bodies. Blood vessels transport blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to most of the tissues of a body, and also transport waste products and carbon dioxide away from the tissues. Some tissues – such as cartilage, epithelium, and the lens and cornea of the eye – are not supplied with blood vessels, so are termed avascular.

There are five types of blood vessels: the arteries, which carry the blood away from the heart; the arterioles; the capillaries, where the exchange of water and chemicals between the blood and tissues occurs; the venules; and the veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back towards the heart.

The word, vascular, is derived from the Latin vas, meaning vessel, and is used in reference to blood vessels.
Merkur (mountain)
The Merkur or Großer Staufenberg is a mountain, 668.3 m above sea level (NHN), in the Northern Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is the Hausberg of Baden-Baden and located between the spa town and the town of Gernsbach.

Baden-Baden
Baden-Baden (German pronunciation: [ˈbaːdn̩ ˈbaːdn̩] ⓘ) is a spa town in the state of Baden-Württemberg, south-western Germany, at the north-western border of the Black Forest mountain range on the small river Oos, ten kilometres (six miles) east of the Rhine, the border with France, and forty kilometres (twenty-five miles) north-east of Strasbourg, France.

In 2021, the town became part of the transnational UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name "Great Spa Towns of Europe", because of its famous spas and architecture that exemplifies the popularity of spa towns in Europe in the 18th through 20th centuries.
Busan Bridge
Busandaegyo is a bridge in Busan, South Korea. The bridge connects the districts of Yeongdo District and Jung District. The bridge was completed in 1980.

35°05′46″N 129°02′19″E﻿ / ﻿35.0962°N 129.0387°E﻿ / 35.0962; 129.0387

Yeongdo District
Yeongdo District (Korean: 영도구; RR: Yeongdo-gu) is a gu (district) in Busan, South Korea. The gu itself is limited to Yeong-do (Yeong Island) located on the south edge of central Busan. It attained the status of gu in 1957.

The Korea Maritime and Ocean University and the National Maritime Museum of Korea are located in Yeongdo District.
Lawrence Lessig
Lester Lawrence "Larry" Lessig III (born June 3, 1961) is an American legal scholar and political activist. He is the Roy L. Furman Professor of Law at Harvard Law School and the former director of the Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics at Harvard University. He is the founder of Creative Commons and Equal Citizens. Lessig was a candidate for the Democratic Party's nomination for president of the United States in the 2016 U.S. presidential election but withdrew before the primaries.

MapLight
MapLight is a nonpartisan, nonprofit research organization that reveals and tracks the influence of money in politics in the United States. The organization publishes a free public database linking money and politics data sources, including campaign contributions to politicians, how politicians vote on bills, and support and opposition to legislation. MapLight provides data on both campaign finance and voting behavior in one database. MapLight uses an in-house research team in addition to data sources that include  OpenSecrets and GovTrack.
Amanita onusta
Amanita onusta, commonly known as the loaded Lepidella, the gunpowder Lepidella or the gunpowder amanita, is a species of fungus in the mushroom family Amanitaceae. It is characterized by its small to medium-sized fruit bodies that have white to pale gray caps crowded with roughly conical, pyramidal, or irregular gray warts. The stipe is whitish-gray with woolly or wart-like veil remnants, and at the base is a spindle- or turnip-shaped base that is rooted somewhat deeply in the soil.

The species is distributed in eastern North America, from Nova Scotia to Mexico, and may be found growing on the ground in deciduous forests, particularly those with oak, hickory and chestnut. Fruit bodies smell somewhat like bleaching powder, and their edibility is unknown, but are possibly toxic.

Partial veil
In mycology, a partial veil (also called an inner veil, to differentiate it from the "outer", or universal veil) is a temporary structure of tissue found on the fruiting bodies of some basidiomycete fungi, typically agarics. Its role is to isolate and protect the developing spore-producing surface, represented by gills or tubes, found on the lower surface of the cap. A partial veil, in contrast to a universal veil, extends from the stem surface to the cap edge. The partial veil later disintegrates, once the fruiting body has matured and the spores are ready for dispersal. It might then give rise to a stem ring, or fragments attached to the stem or cap edge. In some mushrooms, both a partial veil and a universal veil may be present.