hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anthurium papillilaminum
Anthurium papillilaminum is a species of plant in the genus Anthurium native to Panama. A. papillilaminum grows terrestrially and has very dark green cordate leaves on short stems. Its native range is very limited, with the species endemic to only the coasts of Colón Province and Darién Province up to 100 meters (330 ft) above sea level. A member of the section Cardiolonchium, it is closely related to other velvet-leaved Anthuriums, though it does not have silver veins on the leaves like Anthurium crystallinum.

Anthurium
Anthurium (/ænˈθjuːriəm/; Schott, 1829) is a genus of about 1,000 species of flowering plants, the largest genus of the arum family, Araceae. General common names include anthurium, tailflower, flamingo flower, pigtail plant, and laceleaf.

The genus is native to the Americas, where it is distributed from northern Mexico to northern Argentina and parts of the Caribbean.
2020 UEC European Track Championships – Women's scratch
The women's scratch competition at the 2020  UEC European Track Championships was held on 11 November 2020. Hanna Tserakh of Belarus attacked with 13 laps to go and stayed in the front until the end, however Martina Fidanza of Italy accelerated with  two laps to go, managing to overtake Tserakh right on the line, taking the title.

2020 UEC European Track Championships
The 2020 UEC European Track Championships was the eleventh edition of the elite UEC European Track Championships in track cycling and took place at the Kolodruma in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, between 11 and 15 November 2020. The event was organised by the European Cycling Union. All European champions are awarded the UEC European Champion jersey which may be worn by the champion throughout the year when competing in the same event at other competitions.
Joseph Michael Perera
M. Joseph Michael Perera (15 September 1941 – 28 March 2023) was a Sri Lankan politician who served as a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka, and its 17th speaker.

Perera died in Ja-Ela on 28 March 2023, at the age of 81.

Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka
The Speaker of the Parliament of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is the presiding officer of the chamber. The Speaker fulfills a number of important functions in relation to the operation of the House, which is based upon the British Westminster parliamentary system. The speaker is second in the Sri Lankan presidential line of succession, after the prime minister.
Streemerz
Streemerz is a retro-style fan remake of the platformer video game of the same name, originally released as part of the notorious Action 52 compilation for NES. It was developed by Arthur Lee, a.k.a. Mr. Podunkian, for the "Action 52 Owns" game jam he organized, released in 2010 for both NES and Flash. The main character, Streemerz operative Superb Joe (a parody of Super Joe) has placed an explosive device in the core of the flying fortress of the evil Master Y., and must escape to the top of the fortress solely using his grappling hook and the ability to walk back and forth. If he touches any of the glowing orbs in the level (dubbed "Master Y.'s balls"), the protagonist will perish. Additional threats include pie-throwing clown guards. The game was critically well-received for both its comedic story, which is purposely written in Engrish as a reference to poor NES localizations, and gameplay, and seen as a tremendous improvement compared to the source material.

Fan game
A fan game is a video game that is created by fans of a certain topic or IP. They are usually based on one, or in some cases several, video game entries or franchises. Many fan games attempt to clone or remake the original game's design, gameplay, and characters, but it is equally common for fans to develop a unique game using another as a template. Though the quality of fan games has always varied, recent advances in computer technology and in available tools, e.g. through open source software, have made creating high-quality games easier. Fan games can be seen as user-generated content, as part of the retrogaming phenomena, and as expression of the remix culture.
Canesta
Canesta was a fabless semiconductor company that was founded in April 1999, by Cyrus Bamji, Abbas Rafii, and Nazim Kareemi.

The company manufactured CMOS-based single chip 3D sensors, which can be used as part of input systems for electronic devices.

On October 29, 2010, Canesta announced that it would be acquired by Microsoft for an undisclosed amount.

Fabless manufacturing
Fabless manufacturing is the design and sale of hardware devices and semiconductor chips while outsourcing their fabrication (or fab) to a specialized manufacturer called a semiconductor foundry. These foundries are typically, but not exclusively, located in mainland China and Taiwan. Fabless companies can benefit from lower capital costs while concentrating their research and development resources on the end market. Some fabless companies and pure play foundries (like TSMC) may offer integrated-circuit design services to third parties.
Hexton Chalk Pit
Hexton Chalk Pit is a 1.9-hectare (4.7-acre) nature reserve in Hexton in North Hertfordshire, managed by the Herts and Middlesex Wildlife Trust. It is grassland with steep slopes and many chalk-loving plants such as horseshoe vetch, yellow-wort, milkwort and rockrose. There are five species of orchid and a large colony of chalkhill blue butterflies. The site has extensive views over the countryside.

The reserve is on the left of the road signposted "Lilley" from Hexton. There is also access by a footpath, signposted "circular walk", from Barton Hill Road, close to the Icknield Way Path.

North Hertfordshire
North Hertfordshire is one of ten local government districts in the county of Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Letchworth Garden City and the largest town is Hitchin. The district also includes the towns of Baldock and Royston and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Part of the district lies within the Chiltern Hills, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are East Hertfordshire, Stevenage, Welwyn Hatfield, St Albans, Luton, Central Bedfordshire, South Cambridgeshire and Uttlesford.
Essar Salaya Power Plant
Essar Salaya Power Plant is a coal-based thermal power plant located near the Essar Refinery at Vadinar, in the Jamnagar district in the Indian state of Gujarat. The power plant is operated by Essar Energy.

The coal for the plant will be sourced from captive mine owned by Essar Energy in Indonesia.

Jamnagar district
Jamnagar district is a district of Gujarat in Western India. Its headquarters are located in the eponymous city of Jamnagar. It hosts the production facilities of large Indian companies such as Reliance. Among its attractions are several palaces, a Marine National Park and a Bird Sanctuary, known as Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary. In 2013, Devbhoomi Dwarka district was carved out of the western part of the district.

India's largest private company, Reliance Industries is developing world's largest zoo near by 28 kms from Jamnagar city. In Jamnagar, the company is also setting up biggest gigafactory, the biggest solar energy, the world's artificial intelligence infrastructure and Vantara (large-scale wildlife rescue and rehabilitation centre).

Jamnagar Municipal Corporation is planning to develop a riverfront on Rangmati – Nagmati river which costs around 500 crore (5 billion) INR.
William L. Higgins
William Lincoln Higgins (March 8, 1867 – November 19, 1951) was an American politician, physician, and US Representative from Connecticut from 1933 to 1937. A Republican from Coventry, Higgins also served four years as Secretary of the State of Connecticut and several terms in the Connecticut General Assembly.

Secretary of the State of Connecticut
The secretary of the state of Connecticut is one of the constitutional officers of the U.S. state of Connecticut. (The definite article is part of the legal job title.) It is an elected position in the state government and has a term length of four years.

The current secretary of the state is Stephanie Thomas, a Democrat who has held the office since January 2023 after defeating Republican opponent Dominic Rapini in the 2022 general election.

The Secretary of the State's Office is composed of two divisions:

The Legislation and Elections Administration Division, which administers elections and ensures compliance with state and federal election laws. This division is also responsible for maintaining governmental records, administering the Seal of Connecticut, and licensing notaries public.

The Commercial Recording Division, which charters corporations and other business entities, registers trademarks, service marks, and liens under the Uniform Commercial Code, and issues apostilles.
Bubenstein Castle
Bubenstein Castle (German: Ruine Bubenstein), also called New Falkenstein Castle (Neu-Falkenstein), is a ruined spur castle at 560 m above sea level (NN) on a rock spur on the northern side of the Höllental valley, about 500 metres west of Old Falkenstein Castle above the village of Falkensteig in the municipality of Buchenbach in the county of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in the southwest German state of Baden-Württemberg.

Spur castle
A spur castle is a type of medieval fortification that is sited on a spur of a hill or mountain for defensive purposes. Ideally, it would be protected on three sides by steep hillsides; the only vulnerable side being that where the spur joins the hill from which it projects. By contrast, a ridge castle is only protected by steep terrain on two sides.
Frederic W. H. Myers
Frederic William Henry Myers (6 February 1843 – 17 January 1901) was a British poet, classicist, philologist, and a founder of the Society for Psychical Research. Myers' work on psychical research and his ideas about a "subliminal self" were influential in his time, but have not been accepted by the scientific community.

Trevor H. Hall
Trevor Henry Hall (1910–1991) was a British author, surveyor, and sceptic of paranormal phenomena. Hall made controversial claims regarding early members of the Society for Psychical Research. His books caused a heated controversy within the parapsychology community.
Cordwainer (ward)
Cordwainer is a small, almost rectangular-shaped ward in the City of London, England. It is named after the cordwainers, the professional shoemakers who historically lived and worked in this particular area of London; there is a Livery Company for the trade, the Worshipful Company of Cordwainers. The ward is sometimes referred to as the "Cordwainers' ward".

It is bounded to the north by Poultry and Cheapside (the boundary with Cheap ward); to the west by the eponymous Bread Street and the ward of the same name; to the south by Cannon Street (and Vintry and Dowgate wards); and to the east by Walbrook ward and a street of the same name.

Streets within Cordwainer's boundaries are, amongst others, Bow Lane, Pancras Lane and part of Watling Street. Queen Street runs north–south through the centre of the ward.

Walbrook
Walbrook is a Ward of the City of London and a minor street in its vicinity. The ward is named after a river of the same name.

The ward of Walbrook contains two of the City's most notable landmarks: the Bank of England and the Mansion House. The street runs between Cannon Street and Bank junction, though vehicular traffic can only access it via Bucklersbury, a nearby side-road off Queen Victoria Street.
Paulo Ferreira
Paulo Renato Rebocho Ferreira OIH (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpawlu fɨˈʁɐjɾɐ]; born 18 January 1979) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a full-back.

After starting out at Estoril, he went on to spend the vast majority of his 16-year career with Porto and Chelsea, signing with the latter in 2004 for €20 million. He won several major titles with both clubs, including two Primeira Liga titles, three Premier League trophies and the 2004 and 2012 editions of the Champions League.

Ferreira earned 62 caps for the Portugal national team between 2002 and 2010, playing at two European Championships and two World Cups and finishing as runner-up at Euro 2004.

2002–03 Taça de Portugal
The 2002–03 Taça de Portugal was the 63rd edition of the Portuguese football knockout tournament, organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The 2002–03 Taça de Portugal began on 8 September 2002. The final was played on 15 June 2003 at the Estádio Nacional.

Sporting CP were the previous holders, having defeated Leixões 1–0 in the previous season's final. Defending champions Sporting CP were eliminated in the quarter-finals by second division Naval. Porto defeated União de Leiria, 1–0 in the final to win their twelfth Taça de Portugal. As a result of the Dragões winning both the league and cup in the same season, União de Leiria would play in the 2003 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira against their cup final opponents.
Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island
The Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island is the presiding officer of the provincial legislature.

The speakership is currently vacant after the resignation of Sidney Macewen after being appointed to cabinet on February 12, 2026.

Past speakers have included Wilbur MacDonald, Greg Deighan and Nancy Guptill.

James Curtis (politician)
James Curtis (died November 19, 1819) was a merchant, judge, land agent and political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented Kings County in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1779 to 1790, from 1797 to 1806 and from 1812 to 1818.

He arrived on St. John's Island (later Prince Edward Island) as the footman of Phillips Callbeck around 1770, later serving as clerk to Callbeck and then David Higgins. He then became a store owner and trader at Covehead in Lot 34. Curtis was first elected to the legislative assembly in 1779. He handled a series of property sales ordered by the island's Council in 1781. Curtis married Elizabeth, the daughter of David Lawson. In 1800, he was named assistant judge of the Supreme Court although he had no legal training. Curtis served as speaker for the legislative assembly from 1801 to 1805 and from 1813 to 1817. Curtis became the land agent for Ann Callbeck, the widow of Phillips Callbeck, and Sir James Montgomery.
National essentialism
National essentialism (国粋主義 or 国粋保存主義), in Japanese pronunciation as Kokusui Shugi or Kokusui Hozon Shugi is one of the terms used to describe Japanese nationalism. Terms similar to kokusui shugi include kokka shugi (国家主義; lit. 'state nationalism') and minzoku shugi (民族主義; lit. 'ethnic nationalism'). Kokusui shugi is also viewed as a proto-fascism.

Kokusui shugi emphasizes the uniqueness of Japanese culture and tradition against Europeanisationism (欧化主義) and pursues conservatism; Nihon shugi (日本主義; lit. 'Japanese consciousness or Japanism') is used in a similar sense.

Ethnic nationalism in Japan
Ethnic nationalism in Japan (Japanese: 民族主義, Hepburn: minzoku shugi) or minzoku nationalism means nationalism that is espoused by members of Japan's dominant Yamato people or ethnic minorities.

In present-day Japan, statistics only count the size of their population in terms of nationality, rather than ethnicity, thus, the number of ethnic Yamato and the actual size of their community are ambiguous.
Serer prehistory
The prehistoric and ancient history of the Serer people  of modern-day Senegambia  has been extensively studied and documented over the years.  Much of it comes from archaeological discoveries and Serer tradition rooted  in the Serer religion.

Futa Tooro
Futa Toro (Wolof and Fula: Fuuta Tooro, فُوتَ تࣷورࣷ‎, 𞤆𞤵𞥄𞤼𞤢 𞤚𞤮𞥄𞤪𞤮; Arabic: فوتا تورو), often simply the Futa, is a semidesert region around the middle run of the Senegal River. This region, along the border of Senegal and Mauritania, is historically significant as the center of several Fulani states, and a source of jihad armies and migrants to the Fouta Djallon.

The word Futa is a general name the Fulbe gave to any area they lived in, while Toro was the actual identity of the region for its inhabitants, likely derived from the ancient kingdom of Takrur. The people of the area mostly speak Pulaar, a dialect of the Fula language that spans West Africa from Senegal to Cameroon. They identified themselves by the language giving rise to the name Haalpulaar'en meaning those who speak Pulaar. The Haalpulaar'en are also known as Toucouleurs (var. Tukolor), a name also derived from of Takrur.
Uruno Beach
Uruno Beach (also, Urunao Beach) is a private beach in the north of Guam. It is located southwest along the coast from Ritidian Point along unimproved gravel roads. Several resorts offer access to the beach for a price.

The vicinity contains the Uruno Beach Site, an archaeological site containing prehistoric cultural remains listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. The site is on private property and not accessible to the public.

Guam National Wildlife Refuge
The Guam National Wildlife Refuge is composed of three units: the Andersen Air Force Base Overlay Unit (Air Force Overlay Unit), the Navy Overlay Unit, and the Ritidian Unit. The Ritidian Unit (CHamoru: Puntan Litekyan) is on the northernmost tip of Guam and encompasses approximately 1,217 acres (493 hectares), including 385 terrestrial acres (156 terrestrial hectares) and 832 acres (337 hectares) of submerged areas offshore.
Neil Farrugia
Neil Yves Farrugia (born 19 May 1999) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Scottish Premiership club Dundee United. Born in France, he has represented the Republic of Ireland at youth level.

2020 League of Ireland Premier Division
The 2020 League of Ireland Premier Division, known as the SSE Airtricity League for sponsorship reasons, was the 36th season of the League of Ireland Premier Division.

The league began on 14 February 2020 and concluded on 9 November 2020. The fixtures were announced on 20 December 2019. The season was halted in mid-March because of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland following the directive of the Irish government and the Football Association of Ireland. The FAI subsequently announced a contingency plan with a view to completing the domestic season at a later date with a reduced number of games. It resumed on 31 July. On 24 October, Finn Harps won 2–0 at Bohemians which meant Shamrock Rovers won the league and Cork City were relegated.
András Szántó
András Szántó (born January 1, 1964) advises museums, foundations, educational institutions, and leading brands worldwide on cultural strategy. He has directed the National Arts Journalism Program at Columbia University and has overseen the Global Museum Leaders Colloquium at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

He published three books recently investigating the outlooks for art institutions: The Future of the Museum: 28 Dialogues (2020); Imagining the Future Museum: 21 Dialogues With Architects (2022); and The Future of the Art World: 38 Dialogues (2025).

Moholy-Nagy University of Art and Design
The Moholy-Nagy University of Art and Design (Hungarian: Moholy-Nagy Művészeti Egyetem [ˈmoholi ˈnɒɟ ˈmyːveːsɛti ˈɛɟɛtɛm], MOME), former Hungarian University of Arts and Design, is located in Budapest, Hungary. Named after László Moholy-Nagy, the university offers programs in art, architecture, designer and visual communication.
Bibliogram
A bibliogram is a graphical representation of the frequency of certain target words, usually noun phrases, in a given text. The term was introduced in 2005 by Howard D. White to name the linguistic object studied, but not previously named, in informetrics, scientometrics and bibliometrics. The noun phrases in the ranking may be authors, journals, subject headings, or other indexing terms. The "stretches of text” may be a book, a set of related articles, a subject bibliography, a set of Web pages, and so on. Bibliograms are always generated from writings, usually from scholarly or scientific literature.

Scientometrics
Scientometrics is a subfield of informetrics that studies quantitative aspects of scholarly literature. Major research issues in scientometrics include the measurement of the impact of research papers and academic journals, the understanding of scientific citations, and the use of such measurements in policy and management contexts.

In practice, there is a substantial overlap between scientometrics and other scientific fields, including information systems, information science, the science of science policy, the sociology of science, and metascience. Critics have argued that overreliance on scientometrics has created a system of perverse incentives, producing a publish or perish environment that leads to low-quality research.
2012 Louisiana–Lafayette Ragin' Cajuns football team
The 2012 Louisiana–Lafayette Ragin' Cajuns football program represented the University of Louisiana at Lafayette in the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season. They were led by second-year head coach Mark Hudspeth and played their home games at Cajun Field. They were a member of the Sun Belt Conference. However, in 2015 Louisiana–Lafayette vacated four wins due to major NCAA violations.

Cajun Field
Cajun Field at Our Lady of Lourdes Stadium is a football stadium located on the South Campus of the University of Louisiana at Lafayette in the city of Lafayette, Louisiana. Nicknamed The Swamp, it is the home field of Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns athletics. Cajun Field is primarily used for its American football team. Newly completed renovations have Cajun Field at a capacity of 30,000 spectators as of the 2025 season.

It is currently the largest facility and football stadium in the Sun Belt Conference and the second largest college football stadium in Louisiana.
Fishing trawler
A fishing trawler is a commercial fishing vessel designed to operate fishing trawls. Trawling is a method of fishing that involves actively dragging or pulling a trawl through the water behind one or more trawlers. Trawls are fishing nets that are pulled along the bottom of the sea or in midwater at a specified depth. A trawler may also operate two or more trawl nets simultaneously (double-rig and multi-rig).

There are many variants of trawling gear. They vary according to local traditions, bottom conditions, and how large and powerful the trawling boats are. A trawling boat can be a small open boat with only 30 horsepower (22 kW) or a large factory ship with 10,000 horsepower (7457 kW). Trawl variants include beam trawls, large-opening midwater trawls, and large bottom trawls, such as "rock hoppers" that are rigged with heavy rubber wheels that let the net crawl over rocky bottom.

Capstan (nautical)
A capstan is a vertical-axled rotating machine developed for use on sailing ships to multiply the pulling force of sailors when hauling ropes, cables, and hawsers. The principle is similar to that of the windlass, which has a horizontal axle.
Hadriwa (Bavarian Forest, Zell)
The Hadriwa is a mountain, 677 m above sea level, in the municipality of Zell in the county of Cham in the German state of Bavaria, and the highest point in the region south of Zell between the Perlenbach and Göppenbach streams.

There is another mountain called the Hadriwa in the Bavarian Forest in the county of Straubing-Bogen which is 922 m high.

Cham (district)
Cham (German pronunciation: [kaːm] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Regen, Straubing-Bogen, Regensburg and Schwandorf and by the Czech Plzeň Region.
2012 Aspria Tennis Cup Trofeo City Life
The 2012 Aspria Tennis Cup Trofeo City Life was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament and was part of the 2012 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Milan, Italy between 25 June and 1 July 2012.

Aspria Tennis Cup
The Aspria Tennis Cup (formerly Zenith Tennis Cup) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Harbour Club Milano in Milan, Italy, since 2006.