hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chen Pixian
Chen Pixian (simplified Chinese: 陈丕显; traditional Chinese: 陳丕顯; pinyin: Chén Pīxiǎn; March 20, 1916 – August 23, 1995) was a Chinese Communist revolutionary and politician. He served in several prominent roles, including party chief of Shanghai and party chief of Hubei province. He was purged at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution but was later rehabilitated.

Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party is the municipal committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in Shanghai. The CCP committee secretary is the highest ranking post in the city and outranks the mayor, who is generally the deputy secretary of the committee. The current secretary is Chen Jining, a member of the CCP Politburo, who replaced Li Qiang on 28 October 2022.

The committee is elected every five years by the Shanghai Municipal Congress of the CCP. The permanent body of the committee is its Standing Committee.
First Niagara Bank
First Niagara Bank was a Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation-insured regional banking corporation headquartered in Buffalo, New York. Its parent company, First Niagara Financial Group, Inc. was the 44th-largest bank in the United States with assets of over $37.1 billion as of June 30, 2013.

Erie County, New York
Erie County is a county along the shore of Lake Erie in the western region of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 954,236. However, in 2023 the estimated population was 946,147. The county seat is Buffalo, which makes up about 28% of the county's population. Both the county and Lake Erie were named for the regional Iroquoian language-speaking Erie tribe of Native Americans, who lived in the area before 1654. They were later pushed out by the more powerful Iroquoian nations tribes. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Erie County, along with its northern neighbor Niagara County, makes up the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area, the second largest in the State of New York behind New York City. The county's southern part is known as the Southtowns.
Montgomerieston
Montgomerieston, sometimes known as Montgomeryston (NGR NS 333 220) or Ayr Fort, was a small burgh of regality and barony of only 16 acres or 6.5 hectares located within the walls of the old Ayr Citadel, also known as Cromwell's Fort or Oliver's Fort, situated in the town of Ayr, South Ayrshire, Scotland. Montgomerieston was named for the Montgomerie family, Earls of Eglinton.

Burgh
A burgh (/ˈbʌrə/ BURR-ə) is an autonomous municipal corporation in Scotland, usually a city, town, or toun in Scots. This type of administrative division existed from the 12th century, when King David I created the first royal burghs. Burgh status was broadly analogous to borough status, found in the rest of the United Kingdom. Following local government reorganisation in 1975, the title of "royal burgh" remains in use in many towns, but now has little more than ceremonial value.
Oubliette Mountain
Oubliette Mountain is a 3,070-metre (10,072 ft) mountain summit located on the shared border of Jasper National Park in Alberta, and Mount Robson Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. Situated in the Tonquin Valley, Oubliette Mountain is part of The Ramparts in the Canadian Rockies. The nearest higher neighbor is Dungeon Peak, 1.0 km (0.62 mi) to the northwest. Not coincidentally,  an oubliette is a secret dungeon with access only through a trapdoor in its ceiling. The mountain's descriptive name was coined by Cyril G. Wates.

Mount Robson Provincial Park
Mount Robson Provincial Park is a provincial park in the Canadian Rockies with an area of 2,249 km2. The park is located entirely within British Columbia, bordering Jasper National Park in Alberta. The B.C. legislature created the park in 1913, the same year as the first ascent of Mount Robson by a party led by Conrad Kain. It is the second-oldest park in the provincial system.  The park is named for Mount Robson, which has the highest point in the Canadian Rockies and is located entirely within the park.
Outline of Paris
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Paris:

Paris – capital and most populous city of France, with an area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles) and an official estimated population of 2,140,526 residents as of 1 January 2019. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts.

Parvis Notre-Dame – Place Jean-Paul II
The Parvis Notre-Dame – Place Jean-Paul II is a square in the 4th arrondissement of Paris. Located on the eastern half of the Île de la Cité, the square is bordered by the Hôtel-Dieu hospital to the north, Notre-Dame cathedral to the east, the Seine to the south, and the Prefecture of Police headquarters to the west. The square contains France's point zéro marker, making it the very center of Paris for the purpose of measuring travel distance. Other points of interest include the Archaeological Crypt of the Île de la Cité and Charlemagne et ses Leudes, an equestrian statue of Charlemagne.
Stanari
Stanari (Serbian Cyrillic: Станари) is a village and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was established in 2014, after it split from Doboj municipality. As of 2013, it has a population of 6,958 inhabitants, while Stanari itself has a population of 1,015 inhabitants.

Doboj
Doboj (Serbian Cyrillic: Добој, pronounced [dôboj]) is a city in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated on the banks of the Bosna river, in the northern region of Republika Srpska. As of 2013, it has a population of 71,441 inhabitants.

Doboj is the largest national railway junction and the operational base of the Railways Corporation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is one of the oldest cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina and, aside from Banja Luka, the most important urban center in northern Republika Srpska.
Ventilation–perfusion coupling
Ventilation–perfusion coupling is the relationship between ventilation and perfusion in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the lungs during breathing. Perfusion is the process of pulmonary blood circulation, which reoxygenates blood, allowing it to transport oxygen to body tissues. Lung structure, alveolar organization, and alveolar capillaries contribute to the physiological mechanism of ventilation and perfusion.

Ventilation–perfusion coupling maintains a constant ventilation/perfusion ratio near 0.8 on average, with regional variation within the lungs due to gravity. When the ratio gets above or below 0.8, it is considered abnormal ventilation-perfusion coupling, also known as a ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Lung diseases, cardiac shunts, and smoking can cause a ventilation–perfusion mismatch that results in significant symptoms and diseases; treatments include bronchodilators and oxygen therapy.

Capillary
A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system. Capillaries are microvessels and the smallest blood vessels in the body. They are composed of only the tunica intima (the innermost layer of an artery or vein), consisting of a thin wall of simple squamous endothelial cells. They are the site of the exchange of many substances from the surrounding interstitial fluid, and they convey blood from the smallest branches of the arteries (arterioles) to those of the veins (venules). Other substances which cross capillaries include water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, urea, glucose, uric acid, lactic acid and creatinine. Lymph capillaries connect with larger lymph vessels to drain lymphatic fluid collected in microcirculation.
Mallee Cliffs National Park
The Mallee Cliffs National Park is a protected national park that is located in the Sunraysia region, in the south-west of New South Wales, Australia. The 57,969-hectare (143,240-acre) national park is situated approximately 790 kilometres (490 mi) west of Sydney and 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of the Murray River city of Mildura, Victoria.

The Mallee Cliffs National Park is managed to protect the sand plain and sand dune land systems and ecological communities known colloquially as Mallee Country. Emphasis is placed on its value as a wildlife conservation area and it was established primarily to protect the habitat of the malleefowl.

Mallee Woodlands and Shrublands
Mallee Woodlands and Shrublands is one of 32 Major Vegetation Groups defined by the Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy and one of the 189 habitats in the HOTW habitats of the World classification.
San Xuan de la Duz
San Xuan de la Duz is one of 13 parishes (administrative divisions) in the municipality of Colunga, within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

The population is 170 (INE 2007).

Colunga
Colunga (Spanish pronunciation: [koˈluŋɡa]) is a municipality in the Autonomous community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It lies on the Cantabrian Sea, and is bordered to the west by Villaviciosa, to the south by Parres and Piloña, and to the east by Caravia.
HNLMS Van Galen (F803)
HNLMS Van Galen (F803) (Dutch: Hr.Ms. Van Galen) was a frigate of the Van Speijk class. The ship was in service with the Royal Netherlands Navy from 1967 to 1987. The ship's radio call sign was "PAVB". She was sold to the Indonesian Navy where the ship was renamed KRI Yos Sudarso (353).

KRI Oswald Siahaan
KRI Oswald Siahaan (354) is an Ahmad Yani-class frigate operated by the Indonesian Navy. Prior to her service in the Indonesian Navy, she served in the Royal Netherlands Navy as Van Speijk-class frigate HNLMS Van Nes (F805).
2009 FIFA Confederations Cup Group B
Group B of the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup took place from 15 to 21 June 2009 in Bloemfontein's Free State Stadium, Johannesburg's Ellis Park Stadium, Pretoria's Loftus Versfeld Stadium and Rustenburg's Royal Bafokeng Stadium. The group consisted of defending champions Brazil, Egypt, Italy, and the United States.

2009 FIFA Confederations Cup
The 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup was the eighth Confederations Cup, and was held in South Africa from 14 June to 28 June 2009, as a prelude to the 2010 FIFA World Cup. The draw was held on 22 November 2008 at the Sandton Convention Centre in Johannesburg. The opening match and the final was played at Ellis Park Stadium in Johannesburg. The tournament was won by Brazil, who retained the trophy they won in 2005 by defeating the United States 3–2 in the final.
Cycling at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Women's time trial
The women's time trial track cycling events at the 2020 Summer Paralympics will take place between August 26 to 27 2021 at the Izu Velodrome, Japan. Three events will take place in the women's event over six classifications. Two of those three events spanned multiple classifications were 'factored' events, with final times adjusted in line with classification to ensure fairness. The distance for the B event is 1000m while the other two (C1-3, C4-5) is 500m.

Cycling at the 2020 Summer Paralympics
Cycling at the 2020 Summer Paralympics took place in two separate locations. Track cycling took place at the Izu Velodrome from 25 to 28 August 2021 and road cycling took place on the Fuji Speedway from 31 August to 3 September 2021.

The 2020 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games were postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. They kept the 2020 name and were held from 24 August to 5 September 2021.

The competition was dominated by the squads from Great Britain and The Netherlands, winning 19 gold medals from 51 events. Great Britain, as in 2008, 2012 and 2016 dominated the track events, while the Netherlands were particularly strong in road racing.

Among the highlights were Great Britain's Sarah Storey becoming her country's most successful ever Paralympian, echoing the achievement of Jason Kenny in the 2020 Summer Olympics, winning her 15th, 16th and 17th gold medals in her eighth Paralympic Games.
Rideau Institute
The  Rideau Institute is a non-profit independent research and advocacy group based in Ottawa. It focuses on foreign policy and defence policy issues.

It was founded in January 2007. It is based in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives
The Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives (CCPA) is an independent think tank in Canada. It has been described as "left leaning".

The CCPA concentrates on economic policy, international trade, environmental justice and social policy. It is especially known for publishing an alternative federal budget on an annual basis. The centre is based in Ottawa but has branch offices in Vancouver, Winnipeg, Regina, Toronto and Halifax. It is funded primarily through individual donations, research grants, and trade unions.
2014 Canadian Open of Curling
The 2014 Canadian Open of Curling was held from December 9 to 14 at the Gallagher Centre in Yorkton, Saskatchewan. The Canadian Open was the third men's Grand Slam and the fourth women's Grand Slam of the 2014–15 curling season.

Canadian Open (curling)
The Canadian Open, known as the HearingLife Canadian Open for sponsorship reasons, is an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament. It is one of the five Grand Slams and four "majors" on the men's and women's curling tours. A women's event was introduced in the 2014–15 curling season.

In 2021, when it was supposed to be held outside of Canada for the first time, it was going to just be called the Open. However, the event was not held in 2021 and 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2023, the event was named the Co-op Canadian open for sponsorship reasons.

The event features 16 men's and women's teams. The top 16 teams on the World Curling team ranking system qualify.

Since 2024, the event features four groups of four teams each. Each team plays everyone in their pool once, plus a crossover game against a team in another pool.

In 2025, a Tier 2 event was added.
Mayoral elections in Syracuse, New York
Elections are held in Syracuse, New York, to choose the city's mayor. Currently, these elections are regularly scheduled to be held once every four years, with the elections taking place in the off-year immediately after United States presidential election years. The current mayor of Syracuse is Sharon Owens, who assumed office in 2026.

Independence Party of New York
The Independence Party was a populist centrist political party in the U.S. state of New York. The party was founded in 1991, and it acquired ballot status in 1994. The party lost its ballot status in 2020 following changes to New York's ballot access requirements.

On December 9, 2022, New York governor Kathy Hochul signed legislation banning the use of the words "independent" and "independence" from use in political party names in New York, effectively banning the party. However, in January 2025, Cuti Frisch filed a lawsuit on independent 2025 New York City mayoral election candidate Jim Walden's behalf challenging the law as he has asked to run as a member of the party despite it being banned. A U.S. appeals court would later uphold the ban. Walden would later drop out of the election in September 2025.
Volodymyr Bondarenko (politician)
Volodymyr Dmytrovych Bondarenko (Ukrainian: Володимир Дмитрович Бондаренко; 4 December 1952 – 24 August 2021) was a Ukrainian politician who served as People's Deputy of Ukraine and as member of the citizens' association Choice. Bondarenko was the Head of the Kyiv City Administration from 7 March 2014 until 25 June 2014.

2002 Ukrainian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Ukraine on 31 March 2002. The Our Ukraine bloc emerged as the largest faction in the Verkhovna Rada, winning 113 of the 450 seats.

The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe noted at the time that there were physical assaults and harassment of candidates and campaign workers associated with opposition political parties prior to the March election. The Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc complained of campaign related violations including "an informal 'media blackout,' [and] negatively slanted coverage".
Makoto Murata
Makoto Murata (村田 真, Murata Makoto; born 1960) is a Japanese computer scientist, Ph.D. in engineering, and Project Professor at Keio University.

He participated in the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) XML Working Group.
The Working Group designed XML1.0, a markup language specification.
Murata and James Clark designed RELAX NG, an XML schema language.

Murata is the convener of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 34 WG 4, responsible for Office Open XML maintenance.

Structured document
A structured document is an electronic document where some method of markup is used to identify the whole and parts of the document as having various meanings beyond their formatting. For example, a structured document might identify a certain portion as a "chapter title" (or "code sample" or "quatrain") rather than as "Helvetica bold 24" or "indented Courier". Such portions in general are commonly called "components" or "elements" of a document.
Denmark at the 2019 European Games
Denmark competed at the 2019 European Games, in Minsk, Belarus from 21 to 30 June 2019. Denmark had previously competed at the 2015 European Games in Baku, Azerbaijan, where it won 12 medals, including four golds.

Denmark at the 2015 European Games
Denmark competed at the 2015 European Games, in Baku, Azerbaijan from 12 to 28 June 2015.

The National Olympic Committee and Sports Confederation of Denmark has of April 2015 selected 25 athletes for the Danish team.
Scotchtown (plantation)
Scotchtown is a plantation located in Hanover County, Virginia, that from 1771 to 1778 was owned and used as a residence by U.S. Founding Father Patrick Henry, his wife Sarah and their children.  He was a revolutionary and elected in 1778 as the first Governor of Virginia.  The house is located in Beaverdam, Virginia, 10 miles (16 km) northwest of Ashland, Virginia on VA 685. The house, at 93 feet (28 m) by 35 feet (11 m), is one of the largest 18th-century homes to survive in the Americas. In its present configuration, it has eight substantial rooms on the first floor surrounding a central passage, with a full attic above and English basement with windows below. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1965.

The house is owned and managed by Preservation Virginia, which operates a number of other historic properties across the Commonwealth, including the John Marshall House, the Old Cape Henry Lighthouse, Bacon's Castle, and Historic Jamestowne.

Cape Henry Lighthouses
The Cape Henry Lighthouses are a pair of lighthouses at Cape Henry, the landform marking the southern entrance to Chesapeake Bay in the U.S. state of Virginia.  The location has long been important for the large amount of ocean-going shipping traffic for the harbors, its rivers, and shipping headed to ports on the bay. The original lighthouse was the first authorized by the U.S. government, dating from 1792.  It was also the first federal construction project under the Constitution, for an original contract amount of $15,200 (an additional $2,500 was required to finish the lighthouse). A second lighthouse was built a short distance away after concern arose about the stability of the first.  Construction began in 1879 and was completed in 1881. Both towers of the light station were designated a National Historic Landmark in 1970.
Decavitator
Decavitator is a human-powered hydrofoil equipped with pedals and an air propeller that was built by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It holds the human-powered speed record on water. The vehicle was displayed hanging in the entry lobby of the Museum of Science, Boston until 2015. It is currently in storage at MIT.

On 27 October 1991, Mark Drela set the world-record speed with Decavitator of 18.5 knots (21.3 mph; 34.3 km/h) over a 100-meter race course on the Charles River in Boston, Massachusetts. In the spring of 1993 the Decavitator team was awarded the DuPont prize for the team with the fastest speed on record as of 31 December 1992.

Hydrofoil
A hydrofoil is a lifting surface, or foil, that operates in water. It is similar in appearance and purpose to aerofoils used by airplanes. Boats that use hydrofoil technology are also simply termed hydrofoils. As a craft gains speed, the hydrofoils lift the boat's hull out of the water, decreasing drag and allowing greater speeds.
Jamia Osmania railway station
Jamia Osmania railway station is a third grade suburban (SG–3) category Indian railway station in Hyderabad railway division of South Central Railway zone. It is located in Hyderabad of the Indian state of Telangana.

Hyderabad railway division
Hyderabad railway division is one of the six divisions of South Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. The headquarters of the Division is at Secunderabad and its zonal headquarters is at Secunderabad. Even though Hyderabad has its own Division, the Hyderabad Deccan railway station itself falls under Secunderabad Railway Division. Secunderabad–Manmad section also known as Kacheguda–Manmad line is an important Railway route connecting the States of Telangana and Maharashtra, most stations on this route are administered by Hyderabad Division and Nanded railway division.
Green Progressive Accord
The Green Progressive Accord (Dutch: Groen Progressief Akkoord) was an alliance of Dutch political parties: the Political Party of Radicals (PPR), the Pacifist Socialist Party (PSP), the Communist Party of the Netherlands (CPN) and the Green Party of the Netherlands (GPN).

The parties contested the 1984 European Parliament election with a common list. The alliance won two seats, which were taken by Bram van der Lek (PSP) and Herman Verbeek (PPR).

Five years later the PPR, CPN and PSP contested the 1989 European Parliament election with a common list called "The Rainbow".

In 1990 these three parties merged to form GroenLinks along with the Evangelical People's Party (EVP).

Communist Party of the Netherlands
The Communist Party of the Netherlands (Dutch: Communistische Partij Nederland [kɔmyˈnɪstisə pɑrˈtɛi ˈneːdərlɑnt], CPN) was a communist party in the Netherlands. The party was founded in 1909 as the Social Democratic Party (SDP) and merged with the Pacifist Socialist Party, the Political Party of Radicals and the Evangelical People's Party in 1991, forming the GroenLinks. Members opposed to the merger founded the New Communist Party of the Netherlands.
2019 President's Cup (tennis)
The 2019 President's Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the fourteenth (ATP) and eleventh (ITF) editions of the tournament and was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, on 15–21 July 2019.

2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour
The 2019 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's World Tennis Tour is a second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The ITF Women's World Tennis Tour includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $100,000. The ITF Women's World Tennis Tour is the product of reforms designed to support talented junior players in their progression to the senior game, and target the prize money effectively at professional tournaments to enable more players to make a living.