hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tenon's capsule
Tenon's capsule (/təˈnoʊn/), also known as the Tenon capsule, fascial sheath of the eyeball (Latin: vagina bulbi) or the fascia bulbi, is a thin membrane which envelops the eyeball from the optic nerve to the corneal limbus, separating it from the orbital fat and forming a socket in which it moves.

The inner surface of Tenon's capsule is smooth and is separated from the outer surface of the sclera by the periscleral lymph space. This lymph space is continuous with the subdural and subarachnoid cavities and is traversed by delicate bands of connective tissue which extend between the capsule and the sclera.

The capsule is perforated behind by the ciliary vessels and nerves and fuses with the sheath of the optic nerve and with the sclera around the entrance of the optic nerve. In front it adheres to the conjunctiva, and both structures are attached to the ciliary region of the eyeball.

The structure was named after Jacques-René Tenon (1724–1816), a French surgeon and pathologist.

Sclera
The sclera, also known as the white of the eye or, in older literature, as the tunica albuginea oculi, is the opaque, fibrous, protective outer layer of the eye containing mainly collagen and some crucial elastic fiber.

In the development of the embryo, the sclera is derived from the neural crest. In children, it is thinner and shows some of the underlying pigment, appearing slightly blue. In the elderly, fatty deposits on the sclera can make it appear slightly yellow. People with dark skin can have naturally darkened sclerae, the result of melanin pigmentation.

In humans, and some other vertebrates, the whole sclera is white or pale, contrasting with the coloured iris.
Akris
Akris (stylized A-K-R-I-S-) is a Swiss luxury fashion house specializing in haute couture and ready-to-wear for women. Founded in 1922, it is currently owned and led in the third generation of the Kriemler family with Albert Kriemler serving as its creative director.

St. Gallen
St. Gallen is a Swiss city and the capital of the canton of St. Gallen. It evolved from the hermitage of Saint Gall, founded in the 7th century. Today, it is a large urban agglomeration (with around 167,000 inhabitants in 2019) and represents the center of eastern Switzerland. Its economy consists mainly of the service sector. The city is home to the University of St. Gallen, one of the best business schools in Europe.

The main tourist attraction is the Abbey of Saint Gall, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Abbey's renowned library contains books from the 9th century. The official language of St. Gallen is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of Alemannic Swiss German. The city has good transport links to the rest of the country and to neighbouring Germany and Austria. It also functions as the gate to the Appenzellerland.
Frachowiec
Frachowiec [fraˈxɔvjɛt͡s] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kodrąb, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Kodrąb, 9 km (6 mi) north-east of Radomsko, and 77 km (48 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Kodrąb, Łódź Voivodeship
Kodrąb [ˈkɔdrɔmp] is a village in Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Kodrąb. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) east of Radomsko and 77 km (48 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
Channybearup, Western Australia
Channybearup is a rural locality of the Shire of Manjimup in the South West region of Western Australia. The locality is predominantly covered by state forest but a small section of the Greater Beedelup National Park also stretches into the north-west of Channybearup.

Channybearup is located on the traditional land of the Bibulman people of the Noongar nation.

The heritage listed Pimelia Forestry Settlement is located within Channybearup.

Shire of Manjimup
The Shire of Manjimup is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia, about 320 kilometres (200 mi) south of the state capital, Perth. The Shire covers an area of 7,027 square kilometres (2,713 sq mi), and its seat of government is the town of Manjimup.
Patriarch (Latter Day Saints)
In the Latter Day Saint movement, patriarch (also called evangelist) is an office of the priesthood. It is considered to be either an office of the patriarchal priesthood or the Melchizedek priesthood.

Stake (Latter Day Saints)
A stake is an administrative unit composed of multiple congregations in certain denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement. The name "stake" derives from the Book of Isaiah: "enlarge the place of thy tent; stretch forth the curtains of thine habitation; spare not, lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes" (Isaiah 54:2). A stake is sometimes referred to as a stake of Zion.
1972–73 NCAA football bowl games
The 1972–73 NCAA football bowl games were a series of post-season games played in December 1972 and January 1973 to end the 1972 NCAA University Division football season. A total of 11 team-competitive games were played. The post-season began with the Liberty Bowl on December 18, 1972, and concluded on January 1, 1973, with the Orange Bowl.

1972 Liberty Bowl
The 1972 Liberty Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game played on December 18, 1972, in Memphis, Tennessee. In the 14th edition of the Liberty Bowl, the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets defeated the Iowa State Cyclones, 31–30.
Tomarps Kungsgård Castle
Tomarps Kungsgård Castle (Swedish: Tomarps kungsgård) is a castle in Åstorp Municipality, Scania in southern Sweden. Probably erected as a Renaissance building in the mid-16th century, composed of 4 two-story-high wings with brick roof surrounded by a narrow (7-meter × 9-meter) rectangular yard. The central part of the north wing contains the remains of a building from the Middle Ages. In the south-east corner of the yard there was a tower until the late 18th century. The castle belonged to the Brosterups lineage in the late 15th century and was subsequently transferred to the Gjedde family. When Bornholm was handed over from Sweden to Denmark according to the Treaty of Copenhagen in 1660 the Castle was, together with 17 other acreages, handed over to the Swedish king as compensation. It was then used for housing by the lieutenant colonel and later the colonel of the Skånska husarregementet. Today it is used for art shows; the shows were planned to stop after the 2013 season.

Åstorp Municipality
Åstorp Municipality (Swedish: Åstorps kommun) is a municipality in Scania County in South Sweden in southern Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Åstorp.

In 1974 "old" Åstorp (a market town (köping) since 1946) was amalgamated with Kvidinge to form the present municipality.
Shōrei-ryū
Shōrei-ryū (昭霊流, Shōrei ryū) is a style of Okinawan karate and is one of the two styles of karate as mentioned in the 'Ten Precepts' of Ankō Itosu, alongside Shōrin-ryū. It was developed at the end of the 19th century by Higaonna Kanryō in Naha, Okinawa, Japan.

Shōrin-ryū
Shōrin-ryū (少林流) is one of the major modern Okinawan martial arts and is one of the two styles of karate as mentioned in the 'Ten Precepts' of Ankō Itosu. Shorin-ryu diverged into many styles and it became an umbrella term to encompass all of the schools derived from it.

At that time not all karate schools had a name. However it is quite common to refer to Choshin Chibana’s school as Shōrin-ryū, following the name he adopted in 1933; which is also known as Kobayashi-ryū to make a distinction from other 'Shōrin-ryū' schools.

The characters 少林, meaning "sparse" or "scanty" and "forest" respectively and pronounced "shōrin" in Japanese, are also used in the Chinese and Japanese words for Shaolin. "Ryū" means "school".  Shōrin-ryū combines elements of the traditional Okinawan fighting styles of Shuri-te.
Hassi Messaoud oil field
Hassi Messaoud Oil Field is an oil field located in Ouargla Province. It was discovered in 1956 by S.N. REPAL and developed by Sonatrach. The oil field is operated and owned by Sonatrach. The total proven reserves of the Hassi Messaoud oil field are around 6.4 billion barrels (870 million tonnes), and production is centered on 350,000 barrels per day (56,000 m3/d).

Sonatrach
Sonatrach (Arabic: سوناطراك) is the national state-owned oil company of Algeria. Founded in 1963, it is known today to be the largest company in Africa with 154 subsidiaries, and often referred as the first African oil "major". In 2021, Sonatrach was the seventh largest gas company in the world.
By the Beautiful Sea (musical)
By the Beautiful Sea is a musical with a book by Herbert Fields and Dorothy Fields, lyrics by Dorothy Fields, and music by Arthur Schwartz. Like Schwartz's previous musical, A Tree Grows in Brooklyn, also starring Shirley Booth, the musical is set in Brooklyn just after the start of the 20th century (1907).  By the Beautiful Sea played on Broadway in 1954.

Dorothy Fields
Dorothy Fields (July 15, 1904 – March 28, 1974) was an American librettist and lyricist. She wrote more than 400 songs for Broadway musicals and films. Her best-known pieces include "The Way You Look Tonight" (1936), "A Fine Romance" (1936), "On the Sunny Side of the Street" (1930), "Don't Blame Me" (1948), "Pick Yourself Up" (1936), "I'm in the Mood for Love" (1935), "You Couldn't Be Cuter" (1938) and "Big Spender" (1966).  Throughout her career, she collaborated with various influential figures in the American musical theater, including Jerome Kern, Cy Coleman, Irving Berlin, Arthur Schwartz, and Jimmy McHugh. Along with Ann Ronell, Dana Suesse, Bernice Petkere, and Kay Swift, she was one of the first successful Tin Pan Alley and Hollywood female songwriters.
Tagaramphung
Tagaramphung is a small village of the Thangals, a sub tribe of the Naga people, situated in the northern part of Manipur. The village was formerly known as Yaikongpao. It is a part of Kangpokpi tehsil in Senapati District of Manipur state, India, and is 22 kilometres (14 mi) south of the district headquarters at Senapati and 42 kilometres (26 mi) from the state capital at Imphal.

Naga people
Nagas are various Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups native to northeastern India and northwestern Myanmar. The groups have similar cultures and traditions, and form the majority of population in the Indian state of Nagaland and Naga Self-Administered Zone of Myanmar (Burma); with significant populations in Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in India, and Sagaing Region and Kachin State in Myanmar.

The Nagas are divided into various Naga ethnic groups whose numbers and populations are unclear. They each speak distinct Naga languages often unintelligible to the others, but all are loosely connected to each other.
Nguyễn Tuấn Anh
Nguyễn Tuấn Anh (born 16 May 1995) is a Vietnamese professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Thép Xanh Nam Định and the Vietnam national team.

Tuấn Anh is considered one of the most talented and technically gifted midfielders of Vietnam. He is a product of HAGL – Arsenal JMG Academy and was promoted to Hoàng Anh Gia Lai's first team in 2015. Tuấn Anh has represented the Vietnam national team at U-19 and U-23 level. He was voted as young player of the year in 2014.

2019 King's Cup
The 2019 Annual King's Cup Football Tournament (Thai: ฟุตบอลชิงถ้วยพระราชทานคิงส์คัพ 2019), commonly referred to as 2019 King's Cup, was the 47th King's Cup, the annual international men's football tournament organised by Football Association of Thailand. It was held in Buriram, Thailand, from 5 to 8 June 2019. Two matches were held on 5 June, the winners of which qualified for the final. The two other teams played the play-off for the 3rd spot.

As hosts, Thailand participated automatically in the tournament; they were joined by the CONCACAF team Curaçao and AFC teams Vietnam and India.

Defending champions Slovakia did not participate.
Bertram Mackennal
Sir Edgar Bertram Mackennal KCVO RA (12 June 1863 – 10 October 1931), usually known as Bertram Mackennal, was an Australian sculptor and medallist, most famous for designing the coinage and stamps bearing the likeness of George V. He signed his work "BM".

He was one of the few artists that King George V liked, and, as a result, was selected to create many sculptures of the late king. Some of his more notable works include statues of George on display in Delhi and Madras.

Treasury Gardens
The Treasury Gardens consist of 5.8 hectares (14 acres) on the south-eastern side of the Melbourne central business district, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The gardens are bounded by Wellington Parade, Spring Street, Treasury Place, and by the Fitzroy Gardens across Lansdowne street to the west. They form part of a network of city gardens including Fitzroy Gardens, Carlton Gardens, Flagstaff Gardens and Kings Domain. The gardens are listed on the Australian National Heritage List and the Victorian Heritage Register for their historical, archaeological, social, "aesthetic and scientific (horticultural) importance for its outstanding nineteenth century design, path layout and planting".
I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (British TV series) series 7
I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! returned to ITV for its seventh series on Monday 12 November 2007 and ran until Friday 30 November 2007.

Series 6 winner Matt Willis and his fiancée, Emma Griffiths, presented spin-off show I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW! in Australia, while Mark Durden-Smith returned to front the United Kingdom segment of the show. The I'm a Celebrity...Exclusive teatime programme is not shown as part of the new series.

The official line-up was confirmed by ITV on 10 November 2007. The series was won by actor Christopher Biggins.

Janice Dickinson would return to the series fifteen years later to participate in I'm a Celebrity... South Africa alongside other former contestants to try to become the first I'm a Celebrity legend. She was forced to withdraw from the competition due to a head injury. She finished tenth overall.

I'm a Celebrity: Unpacked
I'm a Celebrity: Unpacked (known originally as I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!  Now! until 2015 and later I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp from 2016 until 2019) is the companion series to I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!, that was originally broadcast live on ITV2 from August 2002 to December 2019, and returned in November 2024. It features behind-the-scenes footage and interviews with contestants after they have been voted off by the public.

In 2020, Extra Camp was replaced by online spin-off show I'm a Celebrity...The Daily Drop presented by Vick Hope, which also aired on ITV2 after being uploaded online every weekday morning on ITV Hub but was axed in 2021. In October 2024, it was reported that a new companion show would accompany the upcoming twenty-fourth series of I'm a Celebrity; it is currently presented by former Extra Camp host Joel Dommett and Kemi Rodgers.
2021 Skate America
The 2021 Skate America was a figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by U.S. Figure Skating, and the first event of the 2021–22 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating series. It was held at the Orleans Arena in Las Vegas, Nevada, in the United States, from October 22 to 24, 2021. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Skaters earned points based on their results, and the top skaters or teams in each discipline at the end of the season were then invited to then compete at the 2021–22 Grand Prix Final in Osaka, Japan. Vincent Zhou of the United States won the men's event, Alexandra Trusova of Russia won the women's event, Evgenia Tarasova and Vladimir Morozov of Russia won the pairs event, and Madison Hubbell and Zachary Donohue of the United States won the ice dance event.

2021–22 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating
The 2021–22 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating was a series of senior international competitions organized by the International Skating Union that were held from October 2021 through December 2021. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Skaters earned points based on their placements at each event and the top six in each discipline qualified to compete at the Grand Prix Final in Osaka, Japan, although the Grand Prix Final was ultimately cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The corresponding series for junior-level skaters was the 2021–22 ISU Junior Grand Prix.
Scouting and Guiding in Sudan
The Scout and Guide movement in Sudan is served by

The Sudan Girl Guides Association, member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts

Sudan Scouts Association, member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement

Sudan Scouts Association
The Sudan Scouts Association (Arabic: جمعية الكشافة السودانية Gamiat el-Kashâfah es-Sudanya) is the national Scouting organization of Sudan. It was officially founded in 1935, and became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1956. The boys-only Sudan Scouts Association has 14,868 members as of 2011.,

Scouting in Sudan was begun in 1916 in Atbarah by Harry Jackson.  Scouting developed slowly in the following years, spreading to Khartoum in 1919 and followed by Girl Guides in 1928.

Sudanese Scouts are active in serving the community in leprosy projects, AIDS prevention, family planning, health awareness and many other projects in cooperation with other organizations such as the United Nations.

The outdoor life is one of the fundamental activities in Sudan. The country has many forests and jungles suitable for outdoor camping and hiking activities.
Currawang
Currawang is a rural locality, located to the north of Lake George. in New South Wales, Australia. It lies on the intersection between three councils, with the majority straddling the boundary between the Queanbeyan–Palerang Regional Council and Goulburn-Mulwaree Council and a small portion of the locality in the Upper Lachlan Shire. There was once a mining settlement of the same name, now a ghost town. It shares its name with the Currawang Parish of Argyle County, in which it is located. This was formerly known as the parish of Currowang. Both names derive from an Aboriginal word for the spearwood tree (Acacia doratoxylon).

Goulburn Mulwaree Council
Goulburn Mulwaree Council is a local government area located in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia. The area is located adjacent to the Hume Highway and the Southern Highlands railway line. The estimated resident population of the area stood at 32,053 on 2021 census.

The mayor of Goulburn Mulwaree Council is Nina Dillon.
Euphrates
The Euphrates (/juːˈfreɪtiːz/ ⓘ yoo-FRAY-teez; see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of West Asia. Together with the Tigris, it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia (lit. 'the land between the rivers'). Originating in Turkey, the Euphrates flows through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris in the Shatt al-Arab in Iraq, which empties into the Persian Gulf.

The Euphrates is the fifteenth-longest river in Asia and the longest in West Asia, at about 2,780 km (1,730 mi), with a drainage area of 440,000 km2 (170,000 mi2) that covers six countries.

Subartu
The land of Subartu (Akkadian: Šubartum/Subartum/ina Šú-ba-ri, Assyrian: mât Šubarri) or Subar (Sumerian: Su-bir4/Subar/Šubur, Ugaritic: 𐎘𐎁𐎗 ṯbr) is mentioned in Bronze Age literature and was inhabited by the Subarians. The name also appears as Subari in the Amarna letters, and, in the form Šbr, in Ugarit.

Subartu was apparently a kingdom in Upper Mesopotamia, at the upper Tigris and later it referred to a region of Mesopotamia. Most scholars suggest that Subartu is an early name for people of upper Mesopotamia proper on the Tigris and westward, although there are various other theories placing it sometimes a little farther to the east and/or north. Its precise location has not been identified. 
From the point of view of the Akkadian Empire, Subartu marked the northern geographical horizon, just as Amurru, Elam and Sumer marked "west", "east" and "south", respectively, functioning as a term to mean 'north'.
Agriculture in Bhutan
Agriculture in Bhutan has a dominant role in the Bhutan's economy. In 2000, agriculture accounted for 35.9% of GDP of the nation. The share of the agricultural sector in GDP declined from approximately 55% in 1985 to 33% in 2003. Despite this, agriculture remains the primary source of livelihood for the majority of the population. Pastoralism and farming are naturally complementary modes of subsistence in Bhutan.

Cereals are important component of Bhutanese diet; maize and rice are the major crops cultivated. Other cultivated crops include wheat, barley, oil seeds, potato, and various vegetables. Among vegetables, chili and potato are most important. In addition, cash crops, such as apple, orange, and cardamom are cultivated and exported.

Bumthang District
27°45′N 90°40′E﻿ / ﻿27.750°N 90.667°E﻿ / 27.750; 90.667

Bumthang District (Dzongkha: བུམ་ཐང་རྫོང་ཁག།; Wylie: Bum-thang rzong-khag) is one of the 20 dzongkhag (districts) comprising Bhutan. It contains numerous temples and Buddhist sacred sites. The district is divided into four village blocks (or gewogs), each corresponding to a major glacial valley: Choekor, Tang, Ura, and Chhume. The latter valley is also called Bumthang, lending its name to the whole district.

Bumthang directly translates as "beautiful field" – thang means field or flat place, and bum is said be an abbreviation of either bumpa (a vessel for holy water, thus describing the shape and nature of the valley), or simply bum ("girl", indicating this is the valley of beautiful girls). The name is said to have arisen after the construction of Jambay Lhakhang.
Naming laws in China
Naming laws in the People's Republic of China (excluding Hong Kong and Macau) require names to be in Chinese characters and ban names the government considers to "exaggerate religious fervor". Although it is advised for parents to name their children so that others are able to easily read their names, there are no restrictions on the complexity of Chinese characters used, provided that there are no technical issues in doing so (see below). The use of simplified characters is advised over traditional Chinese characters; however, this is not strictly enforced.

Resident Identity Card
The Resident Identity Card (Chinese: 居民身份证; pinyin: Jūmín Shēnfènzhèng) is an official identity document for personal identification in the People's Republic of China. According to the second chapter, tenth clause of the Resident Identity Card Law, residents are required to apply for resident identity cards from the local Public Security Bureau, sub-bureaus or local police precincts.
Sun squirrel
Sun squirrels (genus Heliosciurus), form a taxon of squirrels under the subfamily Xerinae and the tribe Protoxerini. They are only found in sub-Saharan Africa.

Either the habit of basking in the sun on tree branches or the tail being commonly used as a sunshade gave this group its common name.

Sun squirrels have been implicated in the spread of human monkeypox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

There are six species in the genus:

Gambian sun squirrel, Heliosciurus gambianus

Mutable sun squirrel, Heliosciurus mutabilis

Small sun squirrel, Heliosciurus punctatus

Red-legged sun squirrel, Heliosciurus rufobrachium

Ruwenzori sun squirrel, Heliosciurus ruwenzorii

Zanj sun squirrel, Heliosciurus undulatus

Ruwenzori sun squirrel
The Ruwenzori sun squirrel (Heliosciurus ruwenzorii)  is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae.

It is found in Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and arable land.