hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rack (web server interface)
Rack is a modular interface between web servers and web applications developed in the Ruby programming language. With Rack, application programming interfaces (APIs) for web frameworks and middleware are wrapped into a single method call handling HTTP requests and responses.

Rack is used by many Ruby web frameworks and libraries, such as Ruby on Rails and Sinatra. It is available as a Ruby Gem. Many Ruby applications are called "rack-compliant".

Rack has inspired similar frameworks in JavaScript (jack.js), Clojure, Perl (Plack), Common Lisp (Clack), and .NET (OWIN).

RubyGems
RubyGems is a package manager for the Ruby programming language that provides a standard format for distributing Ruby programs and libraries (in a self-contained format called a "gem"), a tool designed to easily manage the installation of gems, and a server for distributing them. It was created by Chad Fowler, Jim Weirich, David Alan Black, Paul Brannan and Richard Kilmer in 2004.

The interface for RubyGems is a command-line tool called gem which can install and manage libraries (the gems). RubyGems integrates with Ruby run-time loader to help find and load installed gems from standardized library folders. Though it is possible to use a private RubyGems repository, the public repository is most commonly used for gem management.

The public repository helps users find gems, resolve dependencies and install them. RubyGems is bundled with the standard Ruby package as of Ruby 1.9.
Ohio Deposit Guarantee Fund
The Ohio Deposit Guarantee Fund (1956 – 1985) was a privately owned deposit insurer for savings associations chartered in the state of Ohio. It was founded in 1956. It failed in March 1985 after its reserves were wiped out by the failure of one of its insured institutions.

The proximate cause was the fraud-related failure of ESM Securities, a securities firm, which caused 145 million dollars in losses at Ohio-chartered Home State Savings Bank. The Fund became insolvent covering the failed bank's depositors' losses. Ohio depositors, upon hearing of the Fund's insolvency, then also began to withdraw money from other savings and loan institutions across the state, triggering a small financial panic.

Home State Savings Bank
Home State Savings Bank was an American savings and loan association based in Cincinnati, Ohio.  Its failure in March 1985 led to a bank holiday for 70 other savings institutions that were insured by the Ohio Deposit Guarantee Fund, a private organization. The collapse of Home State Savings Bank drained Ohio’s private savings and loan insurance fund, and caused then Governor Richard Celeste to close 69 thrifts.
Libertarian Party of Vermont
The Libertarian Party of Vermont is the Vermont affiliate of the Libertarian Party. The state chair is Olga Mardach-Duclerc.

The Libertarian Party is the 5th largest in Vermont after the Democratic, Republican, Progressive, and Liberty Union Parties.

In 1998, Neil Randall was elected to the Vermont House of Representatives as a Libertarian, representing Orange County's 3rd district. He left the party, but was re-elected in 2000 as a Republican.

The party ran two candidates in the 2016 elections for Vermont House, as well as other candidates for local offices.

Several Libertarian candidates ran in 2018, including four State Senate seats.

In May 2023, Republican state representative Jarrod Sammis switched to the Libertarian Party.

Matt Hill ran for United States Senate in 2024.

Vermont Progressive Party
The Vermont Progressive Party, formerly the Progressive Coalition and Independent Coalition, is a political party in the United States that is active in Vermont. It is the third-largest political party in Vermont behind the Democratic and Republican parties. As of 2023, the party has one member in the Vermont Senate and three members in the Vermont House of Representatives, as well as several more affiliated legislators who caucus with the Democratic Party.

The last time a third party had members elected to the state legislature in Vermont was in 1917, with the election of James Lawson of the Socialist Party of America.
Kalinić, Croatia
Kalinić is a village in Požega-Slavonia County, Croatia. The village is administered as a part of the City of Pleternica.
According to national census of 2011, population of the village is 59. The village is connected by the D38 state road.

Pleternica
Pleternica is a town in the region of Slavonia, Croatia, 12 km (7.5 mi) southeast of Požega, in the Požega Valley (Požeška kotlina). The population of the municipality is 11,323, with 3,418 in Pleternica itself (2011).

Pleternica is located at the confluence of the river Londža into the Orljava river, at the foot of the mountain Požeška Gora; elevation 153 m (502 ft).
Sarcodontia crocea
Sarcodontia crocea is a species of toothed crust fungus in the family Meruliaceae. The species was first described scientifically in 1822 by Lewis David de Schweinitz, who called it Sistotrema croceum. It was transferred to the genus Sarcodontia by Czech mycologist František Kotlaba in 1953. S. crocea usually occurs on old fruit trees, in which it causes a white rot. It is found in Europe, Asia, and North America. It is red-listed in several European countries.

Fresh fruit bodies of S. crocea have an intense, fruity odour resembling pineapple or grated apples. The furan-derived compounds 4-(furan-3-yl)benzaldehyde and 4-(5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)benzaldehyde have been identified as contributing to this odour.

Meruliaceae
The Meruliaceae are a family of fungi in the order Polyporales. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 47 genera and 420 species. As of April 2018, Index Fungorum accepts 645 species in the family.
1977–78 Arsenal F.C. season
The 1977–78 season was Arsenal Football Club's 52nd consecutive season in the Football League First Division. It was Terry Neill's second season as manager. Arsenal finished fifth in the league. In cup play, Arsenal reached the semi-finals in the League Cup, losing to the previous season's league and European champions Liverpool. Arsenal were also in the finals of the FA Cup, the first of three consecutive FA Cup finals that Arsenal would reach under Neill. They lost 1-0 to Ipswich.

In the transfer business, Pat Jennings joined the club from Tottenham Hotspur. He would go on to make over two-hundred appearances for Arsenal. Alan Sunderland joined Arsenal at centre forward where he would remain an important player for several seasons. Neill also brought in Don Howe as an assistant.

Malcom Macdonald was again Arsenal's top scorer.

Don Howe
Donald Howe (12 October 1935 – 23 December 2015) was an English football player, coach, manager and pundit. As a right back Howe featured for clubs West Bromwich Albion and Arsenal together with the England national football team in his playing career. He also went on to manage sides West Brom, Arsenal, Galatasaray, Queens Park Rangers and Coventry City. Howe was also a successful coach and has been described as one of the most influential figures of the English footballing game.
G.G. (Gossip Girl)
"G.G." is the thirteenth episode of the fifth season of the American television teen drama, Gossip Girl and the show's 100th episode overall. The episode was written by executive producer Joshua Safran and directed by Mark Piznarski. It premiered on The CW Television Network (The CW) in the United States on January 30, 2012. In the episode, the wedding of Blair Waldorf (Leighton Meester) to Prince Louis Grimaldi (Hugo Becker) takes place.

The episode opened to favorable reviews, with television critics praising the fact it honored the series' successful days. Michelle Trachtenberg's performance as Georgina Sparks was also well received. Upon its initial airing, the episode was viewed by 1.39 million Americans and garnered a 0.7/2 Nielsen rating/share in the 18–49 demographic. The total viewership and ratings for this episode were slightly up in comparison to the previous episode "Father and the Bride".

Gossip Girl season 5
The fifth season of the American teen drama television series Gossip Girl premiered on The CW on September 26, 2011, and concluded on May 14, 2012, consisting of 24 episodes. Based on the novel series, that consists of twelve titles, including one prequel, of the same name by Cecily von Ziegesar, the series was developed for television by Josh Schwartz and Stephanie Savage. The CW officially renewed the series for a fifth season on April 26, 2011.
The Wollongong Group
The Wollongong Group, Inc. (TWG), was one of the first companies to sell commercial software products based on the Unix operating system. It was founded to market a port of Unix Version 6 developed by researchers at the University of Wollongong, Australia (thus the name "Wollongong Group"). The company was active in Palo Alto, California from 1980 to 1995.

It later achieved name recognition as a pioneer in developing and selling commercial versions of the TCP/IP protocols. The Wollongong Group had annual sales of $40 million and employed 165 people when it was acquired by former competitor Attachmate in 1995.

Attachmate
Attachmate Corporation was a software company founded in 1982 which focused on secure terminal emulation, legacy integration, and managed file transfer software. Citrix-compatibility and Attachment Reflection were enhanced/added offerings.
Vlado Stenzel
Vlado Stenzel (Croatian: Vlado Štencl; born 23 May 1934) is a Croatian former handball goalkeeper and coach.

He won the 1972 Summer Olympics gold medal with Yugoslavia and the 1978 World Championship with West Germany.

His wife's name is Diana and they have four children: Vanda, Vlatko, Helena, and Daniel.

Yugoslav Handball Championship
The Yugoslav Handball Championship was the highest level competition in men's team handball in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, played regularly for almost four decades between 1953 and 1992, before being abandoned due to the breakup of Yugoslavia.
Ligamenta flava
The ligamenta flava (sg.: ligamentum flavum, Latin for yellow ligament) are a series of ligaments that connect the ventral parts of the laminae of adjacent vertebrae. They help to preserve upright posture, preventing hyperflexion, and ensuring that the vertebral column straightens after flexion. Hypertrophy can cause spinal stenosis.

They appear yellowish in colour due to their high elastic fibre content.

Axis (anatomy)
In anatomy,  the axis (from Latin axis, "axle") is the second cervical vertebra (C2) of the spine, immediately inferior to the atlas, upon which the head rests. The spinal cord passes through the axis.

The defining feature of the axis is its strong bony protrusion known as the dens, which rises from the superior aspect of the bone.
Cellach of Armagh
Cellach of Armagh or Celsus or Celestinus (1080–1129) was Archbishop of Armagh and an important contributor to the reform of the Irish church in the twelfth century. He is venerated in the Roman Catholic Church as Saint Cellach. Though a member of the laicised ecclesiastical dynasty of Clann Sínaig, he took holy vows and gained priestly ordination. This put an end to the anomalous state of affairs, in effect since 966, whereby the supreme head of the Irish Church had been a layman. Following the Synod of Ráith Bressail, in which a diocesan structure for Ireland was established, he became the first metropolitan primate of all Ireland.

Archbishop of Armagh
The Archbishop of Armagh is an archiepiscopal title which takes its name from the see city of Armagh in Northern Ireland. Since the Reformation, there have been parallel apostolic successions to the title: one in the Catholic Church and the other in the Church of Ireland. The archbishop of each denomination also holds the title of Primate of All Ireland.

In the Church of Ireland, the archbishop is John McDowell, who is the ecclesiastical head of the Church of Ireland and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Armagh. He was elected as archbishop in March 2020 and translated to the role on 28 April 2020.

In the Catholic Church, the archbishop is Eamon Martin, who is the ecclesiastical head of the Catholic Church in Ireland, metropolitan of the Province of Armagh and the ordinary of the Archdiocese of Armagh. He succeeded on 8 September 2014, having been ordained Coadjutor Archbishop of Armagh on 21 April 2013 at St Patrick's Cathedral, Armagh.
Comoé District
Comoé District (French: District du Comoé; pronounced [ko.mo.e], named for the Komoé River) is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the southeast corner of the country, bordering Ghana to the east, Zanzan District to the north, Lacs District and Lagunes District to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean to the south. The capital of the district is Abengourou.

Lagunes District
Lagunes District (French: District des Lagunes, pronounced [distʁikt de laɡyn], lit. 'Lagoons') is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the southern part of the country. The capital of the district is Dabou.
Nissan Navara
The Nissan Navara (Japanese: 日産・ナバラ, Hepburn: Nissan Nabara) is a nameplate used for Nissan pickup trucks with D21, D22, D40, D23 and D27 model codes. The nameplate has been used in Australia, New Zealand, Central America, South America, Asia, Europe, and South Africa. In North, Central and South America and some selected markets, it is marketed as the Nissan Frontier or Nissan NP300.

After more than ten years with the D21, Nissan unveiled the similar sized D22. It was replaced with the bigger, taller, longer D40 mid-size pickup. In 2014, Nissan released its successor, the D23, for international markets other than the U.S. and Canada. For these markets, it received the D41 Frontier in 2021 to replace the D40.

The Navara gets its name from the Navarre region of northern Spain. The European version was built at the Nissan Motor Ibérica factory in Barcelona.

Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety and Highway Loss Data Institute (IIHS-HLDI) is an American nonprofit organization. It was established in 1959, and it is noted for its safety reviews of vehicles in various crash tests, including the effectiveness of a vehicle's structural integrity and safety systems during a collision, in addition to examining improvement on such elements.

IIHS releases an annual list of the safest vehicles, which includes list of 'Top Safety Picks' as well as a "Top Safety Picks+'.
Mirpur Thana
Mirpur (Bengali: মিরপুর) is a thana of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. It is bounded by Pallabi Thana to the north, Mohammadpur Thana to the south, Kafrul to the east, and Savar Upazila to the west. For administrative convenience three new thanas, namely Shah Ali, Pallabi Thana and Kafrul Thana have been carved out of old Mirpur Thana.

Government Bangla College
Government Bangla College (Bengali: সরকারি বাঙলা কলেজ) (also known as Bangla College, or abbreviated as GBC) is a public college located in the northwestern part of the Bangladesh capital Dhaka. The college was established in 1962 by Principal Abul Kashem to promote Bangla as a medium of instruction in higher education and to establish the language in all spheres of national life. It was affiliated with the University of Dhaka from February 2017 to January 2025. According to Banbeis data for 2024, a total of 13,176 students are studying here.
Guamote
Guamote is a town in the Chimborazo Province, Ecuador. It is the seat of the Guamote Canton.

Guamote is located on Ecuador Highway 35, between Riobamba and Alausí. Ecuador Highway 46 branches in Guamote to the east and connects it with Macas, crossing Sangay National Park.

Riobamba
Riobamba (Spanish pronunciation: [rjoˈβamba], full name San Pedro de Riobamba; Quechua: Rispampa) is the capital of Chimborazo Province in central Ecuador, and is located in the Chambo River Valley of the Andes. It is located 200 km (120 mi) south of Ecuador's capital Quito and situated at an elevation of 2,754 m.

The city is an important regional transport center and a stop on the Pan-American Highway, which runs through Ecuador. Riobamba is one of the largest cities in the central portion of Ecuador's Sierra region.
Hunter's Wood Nature Reserve
Hunter's Wood Nature Reserve is a nature reserve near Kingsley, Cheshire, England, managed by the Cheshire Wildlife Trust.

Hunter's Wood is a relatively new piece of woodland, originally planted on what was rough pasture on the southern bank of the River Weaver in 1999. There are small fragments of ancient woodland west, north and east of the reserve, some of them within the Warburton's Wood Nature Reserve, also managed by the Wildlife Trust. Hunter's Wood is intended to form a wildlife corridor linking these fragments, with the hope that specialist plants from the ancient woodland will eventually colonise. To this end, seeds were collected from surrounding areas and, in addition, 250 ash trees were planted.

Cheshire Wildlife Trust
The Cheshire Wildlife Trust (CWT) is a wildlife trust covering the county of Cheshire and parts of the counties of Greater Manchester and Merseyside, England. The trust's chairman is Bill Stothart. It manages 43 nature reserves totalling over 470 hectares, including:
Mitsubishi Dion
The Mitsubishi Dion is a compact MPV produced by Japanese automaker Mitsubishi Motors. Following its exhibition at the 1999 Tokyo Motor Show, it was introduced on January 25, 2000 priced from ¥1,598,000–1,848,000, it was built on a stretched Lancer/Mirage platform, with seven seats in a 2–3–2 configuration. The name was derived from Dionysus, the Greek god of wine and joy.

A facelifted Dion was launched in Japan in May 2002.

Rear view (pre-facelift)

Facelift Mitsubishi Dion

Compact MPV
Compact MPV (an abbreviation for Compact Multi-Purpose Vehicle) is a vehicle size class for the middle size of MPVs. The Compact MPV size class sits between the mini MPV and large MPV (minivan) size classes.

Compact MPVs remain predominantly a European phenomenon, although they are also built and sold in many Latin American, African, and Asian markets.  As of 2016, the only compact MPV sold widely in the United States was the Ford C-Max.
2012–13 FC Bayern Munich season
The 2012–13 FC Bayern Munich season was the 114th season in the club's history and the 48th consecutive season in the top flight of German football, the Bundesliga, since the promotion of the team from the Regionalliga Süd in 1965. Before the start of the season, Bayern signed Xherdan Shaqiri, Dante, Claudio Pizarro, Mitchell Weiser, Tom Starke and Mario Mandžukić. Bayern also added holding midfielder Javi Martínez after the first week of the Bundesliga season at the transfer deadline.

The club started the season with a nine-match winning streak. The club would end the season claiming the Treble, winning the Bundesliga, the UEFA Champions League and the DFB-Pokal. Bayern became the first German club to achieve the Treble, the third European Club to complete the Treble in five seasons and seventh ever in Europe.

Tom Starke
Tom Peter Starke (born 18 March 1981) is a German former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played for six German Bundesliga clubs throughout his career that lasted for 18 seasons. Starke currently works as the goalkeeping coach for German club Bayern Munich U19.

Despite not being a first choice goalkeeper throughout his career at Bayern Munich, Starke was a member of the club's squad, winning six Bundesliga titles, the DFB-Pokal and the UEFA Champions League.
2000 MTV Europe Music Awards
The 2000 MTV Europe Music Awards were held on 16 November 2000 at the Ericsson Globe, Stockholm.

Performers included Jennifer Lopez, Ricky Martin, Robbie Williams and Kylie Minogue, and Madonna - one month after giving birth to son Rocco. The Spice Girls performance was their last before their separation. Presenters included Kelis, Guy Ritchie, Moby and Heidi Klum.

The nominees were announced on 2 October 2000. Robbie Williams was the most nominated with 5 awards (including 4 of the main categories), including Best Song and Best Video. Madonna and Eminem were the big winners of the night, with two awards each.

MTV Europe Music Award for Best Video
The MTV Europe Music Award for Best Video is an award category presented at the MTV Europe Music Awards. The award was first presented in 1994 under the name Best Director, awarded to Whale's "Hobo Humpin' Slobo Babe". This is the only MTV EMA award - excluding special awards - whose winner is chosen by MTV, rather than by the public. "Hey Ya!", "Born This Way" and "Havana" are the only music videos to also win Best Song. The artist with the most wins is Taylor Swift with four wins. Taylor Swift is the artist with the most nominations, with seven. Swift and Kendrick Lamar are the only performers to have won the award for a video they co-directed: Lamar for "Humble" in 2017 and Swift for "Me!" in 2019.
Celebration Stakes
The Celebration Stakes is a Listed flat horse race in Ireland open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late June or early July.

The race was first run in 1995.  It was run as a 7 furlong handicap in 2000, and was awarded Listed status in 2001. It is currently sponsored by Dubai Duty Free.

Curragh Racecourse
The Curragh Racecourse is a flat racecourse in County Kildare, Ireland. The racecourse is home to Ireland’s five most important flat races, known as the Classics. Racing takes place 23 days each year from the end of March until late October. Guided tours of the venue are available outside of race days.
Célia Šašić
Célia Šašić (née Okoyino da Mbabi; German pronunciation: [ˈtseːlja ˈʃaːʃɪtʃ]; born 27 June 1988) is a German former footballer who played as a striker for SC 07 Bad Neuenahr, 1. FFC Frankfurt and the Germany national team before retiring in 2015.

Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics was held in Beijing and several other cities in the People's Republic of China from 6 to 23 August. Associations affiliated with FIFA were invited to send their full women's national teams and men's U-23 teams to participate. Men's teams were allowed to augment their squad with three players over the age of 23.

For these games, the men competed in a 16-team tournament, and the women in a 12-team tournament. Preliminary matches commenced two days before the Opening Ceremony of the Games on 8 August.
Blood alcohol content
Blood alcohol content (BAC), also known as blood alcohol concentration or blood alcohol level, is the concentration of alcohol in a person's blood, measured for legal or medical purposes.

BAC is expressed as the mass of alcohol per unit volume of blood. In the United States and many other countries, it is commonly reported as a percentage, such as 0.08% (equivalent to 0.8 g/L). Legal limits for driving vary by country, ranging from zero tolerance policies to 0.08%. Levels above 0.40% (4 g/L) may be fatal.

Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics (from Ancient Greek pharmakon 'drug' and kinetikos 'moving, putting in motion'; see chemical kinetics), sometimes abbreviated as PK, is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to describing how the body affects a specific substance after administration. The substances of interest include any chemical xenobiotics such as pharmaceutical drugs, pesticides, food additives, cosmetics, etc. PK attempts to analyze chemical metabolism and discover the fate of a chemical from the moment that it is administered up to the point at which it is completely eliminated from the body. PK is based on mathematical modeling that places great emphasis on the relationship between drug plasma concentration and the time elapsed since the drug's administration. Pharmacokinetics is the study of how an organism affects the drug, whereas pharmacodynamics (PD) is the study of how the drug affects the organism. Both together influence dosing, benefit, and adverse effects, as seen in PK/PD models.