hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gwangdeoksan (Gangwon and Gyeonggi)
Gwangdeoksan (Korean: 광덕산) is a mountain on the boundary between Gangwon Province and Gyeonggi Province in South Korea. Its area extends across Pocheon and the counties of Hwacheon and Cheorwon. Gwangdeoksan has an elevation of 1,046 m (3,432 ft).

Hwacheon County
Hwacheon County (Korean: 화천군; RR: Hwacheon-gun) is a county in the state of Gangwon-do, South Korea. The northern border is, in some places, within nine kilometres of the Korean Demilitarized Zone. Neighboring counties are Cheorwon to the northwest and north, Yanggu to the east, Chuncheon to the south, and the Gyeonggi-do province to the southwest. The county consists largely of mountains and rivers, between which are small farming communities, military bases and military training grounds. The area is renowned for its rivers, lake trout, indigenous otters, and natural scenery.
Democratic Nursing Organisation of South Africa
The Democratic Nursing Organisation of South Africa is a trade union in South Africa that describes itself as "a voluntary organisation for South African nurses and midwifery professionals".

It was established in its current form on 5 December 1996.

It is an affiliate of the Congress of South African Trade Unions and became a full member of the International Council of Nurses on 15 June 1997. The union suspended its participation in the leadership structures of the congress on 10 November 2014 as a result of the federations expulsion of the National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa on 7 November 2014.

At its 2010 congress, the organisation passed a resolution that the National Executive Committee should proceed with the merger with the South African Democratic Nurses' Union.

It has set up numerous projects with the aim of improving healthcare in South Africa. These mainly consist of workshops to educate nurses on HIV/AIDS and multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis

International Council of Nurses
The International Council of Nurses (ICN)  is a federation of more than 140 national nurses associations.  It was founded in 1899 and was the first international organization for health care professionals.  It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

The organization's goals are to represent nursing worldwide, advance the nursing profession, promote the wellbeing of nurses, and advocate for health in all policies.
Pankaj Chandak
Pankaj Chandak is an Indian-born British surgeon who made innovations in the use of 3D printing in paediatric kidney transplant surgery. He has also undertaken work in education, public engagement, presenting demonstrations, and acting in The Crown television series. He graduated from Guy's and St Thomas' University of London medical school and was an anatomy demonstrator under Professor Harold Ellis CBE.

He holds an Honorary Fellowship of The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (FRAS) and has won a number of scientific and surgical awards, including the Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCSE) Lister Essay Prize and Medal, The Royal College of Surgeons and Worshipful Company of Cutlers Medal, and The Royal Society of Medicine's Norman Tanner Medal.

Harold Ellis (surgeon)
Harold Ellis, CBE, Mch, FRCS (born 13 January 1926) is an English retired surgeon. He was emeritus professor of surgery at the University of London and professor in the Department of Anatomy and Human Sciences at the King's College London School of Medicine.

He held positions as a vice-president of the Royal College of Surgeons of England and of the Royal Society of Medicine and was president of the British Association of Surgical Oncology.
Glenn Diesen
Glenn Eric Andre Diesen (born 1979) is a Norwegian political scientist, political commentator and politician currently serving as a professor at the Department of Business, History and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway.

Diesen's primary field of research is Russia's Greater Eurasian Partnership strategy, with a focus on the political economy of Russia, conservatism in Russia, Russian foreign policy, and Eurasian economic integration.

He has been a regular commentator on the Russian state-controlled international television network RT for several years, and has been accused of promoting Russian propaganda. In May 2025, he was reported to be a candidate for the pro-Russian party Peace and Justice in Akershus.

Conservative (Norwegian political party)
Conservative (Bokmål: Konservativt, Nynorsk: Konservativt, K) is a Christian right wing microparty in Norway founded in 2011. The party leader is Erik Selle.

The party has had marginal support in elections. It participated in its first parliamentary elections in 2013 and received 0.6% (17 731) of the votes. In the parliamentary elections in 2025 the party received 0.48% (15 503) of the votes.
Utah Valley Wolverines men's basketball
The Utah Valley Wolverines men's basketball team is a team that represents Utah Valley University in Orem, Utah, United States. The team is currently coached by Todd Phillips. The school's team currently competes in the Western Athletic Conference of NCAA Division I college basketball. Its home games are played in the UCCU Center on the school's Orem, Utah campus. The Wolverines have yet to appear in the NCAA tournament since moving to Division I. The Wolverines joined the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) in 2013 as part of the early-2010s NCAA conference realignment.

UCCU Center
UCCU Center (previously known as the McKay Events Center from 1996 to 2010) is a multi-purpose arena on the campus of Utah Valley University (UVU) in Orem, Utah, United States. It was built in 1996 and is home to the Utah Valley Wolverines basketball team.
Applications of radio
Radio (the general technology of communicating using radio waves) has many practical applications, which include broadcasting, voice communication, data communication, radar, radiolocation,  medical treatments, and remote control.

Mobile broadband modem
A mobile broadband modem, also known as wireless modem or cellular modem, is a type of modem that allows a personal computer or a router to receive wireless Internet access via a mobile broadband connection instead of using telephone or cable television lines. A mobile Internet user can connect using a wireless modem to a wireless Internet service provider (ISP) to get Internet access.
Bahnhofsviertel
The Bahnhofsviertel (German pronunciation: [ˈbaːnhoːfsˌfɪʁtl̩] ⓘ, lit. 'train station quarter') is a quarter of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. It is part of the Ortsbezirk Innenstadt I.

The Bahnhofsviertel was developed between 1891 and 1915. Along with the Westend, the Nordend and the Ostend, it is part of Frankfurt's dense inner city districts. The  Bahnhofsviertel is known as one of Frankfurt's main entertainment and red-light districts (the latter especially around Taunusstrasse), along with Alt-Sachsenhausen south of the river Main.

Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof
Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof (short Frankfurt (Main) Hbf, in English Frankfurt Main Station, in former times Frankfurt Central Station) is the busiest train station in the German state of Hesse and the second most busy train station in Germany behind Hamburg Hauptbahnhof. Due to its location near the middle of Germany and usage as a transport hub for long and short distance travelling, Deutsche Bahn refers to it as the most important station in Germany.
Ottoman reconquest of the Morea
The Ottoman reconquest of the Morea took place in June–September 1715, during the Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War. The Ottoman army, under Grand Vizier Silahdar Damat Ali Pasha, aided by the fleet under Kapudan Pasha ('Grand Admiral') Canım Hoca Mehmed Pasha, conquered the Morea (more commonly known as the Peloponnese) peninsula in southern Greece, which had been captured by the Republic of Venice in the 1680s, during the Sixth Ottoman–Venetian War. The Ottoman reconquest inaugurated the second period of Ottoman rule in the Morea, which ended with the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence in 1821.

Methoni, Messenia
Methoni (Greek: Μεθώνη), formerly Methone or Modon (Venetian: Modon), is a village and a former municipality in Messenia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Pylos-Nestor, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 97.202 km2. Its name may be derived from Mothona, a mythical rock. It is located 11 km south of Pylos and 11 km west of Foinikounta. The municipal unit of Methoni includes the nearby villages of Grizokampos, Foinikounta, Foiniki, Lachanada, Varakes, Kainourgio Chorio, Kamaria, Evangelismos, and the Oinnoussai Islands. The islands are Sapientza, Schiza, and Santa Marina; they form a natural protection for Methoni harbour.

Its economy is dominated by tourism, attracted by its beaches (including Tapia, Kokkinia  and Kritika) and its historical castle.
Freyeria
Freyeria is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae erected by Ludwig Georg Courvoisier in 1920.

It currently includes three species:

Freyeria putli (Kollar, [1844]) – eastern grass jewel – Ceylon, South India, northeast India, Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland), Ryukyu Islands

Freyeria minuscula (Aurivillius, 1909) – Madagascar

Freyeria trochylus (Freyer, 1845) – grass jewel – Africa, Arabia, Bulgaria, Greece, Asia Minor, southern Asia

Freyeria putli
Freyeria putli, the eastern grass jewel or small grass jewel, or oriental grass jewel is a small butterfly found in Ceylon, Myanmar, Maldives, India and Australia that belongs to the lycaenids or blues family.
Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Jordan
Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Jordan, sometimes shortened to Wilhelm Jordan (8 February 1819 in Insterburg in East Prussia, now in Russia – 25 June 1904 in Frankfurt am Main), was a German writer and politician.

University of Königsberg
The University of Königsberg (German: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was a university in Königsberg, East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Prussia and received the royal privilege by King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland in 1560. The university was commonly known as the Albertina.

Following World War II, the city of Königsberg (renamed Kaliningrad) was transferred to the Soviet Union under the terms of the 1945 Potsdam Agreement. The Albertina was closed and the remaining German population was expelled. Today, the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University claims to maintain the traditions of the Albertina.
Rose Bay Sea Wall
Rose Bay Sea Wall is a heritage-listed former Aboriginal land, farms and road reserve and now sea wall, road reserve and esplanade at New South Head Road, Rose Bay, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Herbert E. Ross and built from 1924 to 1926 by Woollahra Municipal Council. It is also known as Rose Bay Sea Wall, Promenade and its setting. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 22 August 2014.

Esplanade
An esplanade or promenade is a long, open, level area, usually next to a river or large body of water, where people may walk. The historical definition of esplanade was a large, open, level area outside fortress or city walls to provide clear fields of fire for the fortress's guns. In modern usage, the space allows the area to be paved as a pedestrian walk; esplanades are often on sea fronts and allow walking whatever the state of the tide, without having to walk on the beach.
Ashizuri (train)
The Ashizuri (あしずり) is a limited express train service in Japan operated by Shikoku Railway Company (JR Shikoku), which runs from Kōchi to Nakamura and Sukumo.

The Ashizuri service was introduced on 21 November 1990.

Shikoku Railway Company
The Shikoku Railway Company, commonly known as JR Shikoku, is the smallest of the seven constituent companies of the Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It operates 855.2 kilometres (531.4 mi) of intercity and local rail services in the four prefectures on the island of Shikoku in Japan. The company has its headquarters in Takamatsu.
Guayo
The guayo or ralladera is a metal scraper used as a percussion instrument in traditional styles of Cuban music such as changüí, predecessor of son cubano. Largely replaced by the güiro (gourd scraper) during the 20th century, the guayo is now rare. In the Dominican Republic, the güira, a similar metal scraper used in merengue, is sometimes called guayo. In contrast to Cuba, güiras replaced güiros in the early 20th century.

Maraca
A maraca (/məˈrækə/ mə-RAK-ə, US also /məˈrɑːkə/ mə-RAH-kə, Brazilian Portuguese: [maˈɾakɐ] ⓘ), sometimes called shaker or chac-chac, is a rattle which appears in many genres of Caribbean and Latin music. It is shaken by a handle and usually played as part of a pair. A maraca player in the Spanish language is called a maraquero.
HMCS Gaspé (MCB 143)
HMCS Gaspé (hull number MCB 143) was a Bay-class minesweeper that was constructed for the Royal Canadian Navy during the Cold War. The vessel entered service in 1953 and remained with the Royal Canadian Navy until 1958. That year, the ship was transferred to the Turkish Navy and renamed Trabzon. The vessel remained in service until 1991.

Bay-class minesweeper
The Bay-class minesweepers, also known as the Gaspé-class minesweepers, were a class of minesweepers operated by the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) and Canadian Forces (CF) during the Cold War. Their design was similar to the British Ton-class minesweepers.

The class derives its name from bays in Canada and was designed by the RCN as a replacement for Second World War-era minesweepers. Fourteen were laid down in 1951–1952, however six were subsequently transferred to the French Navy in 1954. These ships were replaced by six of the same name in 1956–1957 but were assigned new pennant numbers.

They were reclassed in Canadian Forces service as patrol escorts in 1972 and six vessels remained in service until the late 1990s, providing coastal surveillance and shiphandling experience for junior officers with Maritime Forces Pacific.
Henry Cooper (Northern Districts cricketer)
Henry Ross Cooper (born 20 May 1993) is a New Zealand cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Northern Districts on 22 November 2016 in the 2016–17 Plunket Shield season. In June 2018, he was awarded a contract with Northern Districts for the 2018–19 season. In November 2020, Cooper was named in the New Zealand A cricket team for practice matches against the touring West Indies team. He made his Twenty20 debut on 27 December 2020, for Northern Districts, against Central Stags in the 2020–21 Super Smash. In March 2021, Cooper scored his first century in List A cricket, scoring 146 not out in the preliminary final of the 2020–21 Ford Trophy. In November 2021, in the 2021–22 Plunket Shield season, Cooper scored his maiden double century in first-class cricket.

Northern Districts men's cricket team
The Northern Districts cricket team is a men's cricket team that represents the northern half of New Zealand’s North Island (excluding Auckland). It is one of six major first-class cricket teams governed by New Zealand Cricket. The team competes in the Plunket Shield first-class competition, the Ford Trophy one-day competition, and the Men's Super Smash T20 competition. The T20 team is known as the Northern Brave (previously Northern Knights until the 2021–22 season.

Northern Districts were the last of New Zealand’s six major teams to gain first-class status, joining the Plunket Shield in the 1956–57 season. The association comprises six constituent districts: Northland Cricket Association, Counties Manukau Cricket Association, Waikato Valley Cricket, Hamilton Cricket Association, Bay of Plenty Cricket, and Poverty Bay Cricket Association.
Ruffia
Ruffia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Cuneo. As of 1-1-2017, it had a population of 366 and an area of 7.51 square kilometres (2.90 sq mi).

Ruffia borders the following municipalities: Cavallerleone, Cavallermaggiore, Monasterolo di Savigliano, Murello, Scarnafigi, and Villanova Solaro.

Cuneo
Cuneo (Italian: [ˈkuːneo] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Coni [ˈkʊni]; Occitan: Coni [ˈkuni]; French: Coni [kɔni]) is a city and comune in Piedmont, Italy, the capital of the province of Cuneo, the fourth largest of Italy's provinces by area.

It is located at an elevation of 550 metres (1,800 ft) in the south-west of Piedmont, at the confluence of the rivers Stura and Gesso.

Cuneo is bounded by the municipalities of Beinette, Borgo San Dalmazzo, Boves, Busca, Caraglio, Castelletto Stura, Centallo, Cervasca, Morozzo, Peveragno, Tarantasca and Vignolo.

It is located near six mountain passes:

Colle della Maddalena at 1,996 metres (6,549 ft)

Colle di Tenda at 1,871 metres (6,138 ft) – Tunnel of Tenda at 1,300 metres (4,300 ft), 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) long

Colle del Melogno at 1,027 metres (3,369 ft)

Colle San Bernardo at 957 metres (3,140 ft)

Colle di Nava at 934 metres (3,064 ft)

Colle di Cadibona at 459 metres (1,506 ft).
Little Thurrock
Little Thurrock (pronunciationⓘ) is a suburb of Grays in Essex, England. It lies to the north-east of the town centre. Little Thurrock was historically a separate village and parish. The parish was abolished for civil purposes in 1936 on the creation of Thurrock Urban District, which was reformed to become the borough of Thurrock in 1974. Little Thurrock is now classed as part of the Grays built up area.

Thurrock Council
Thurrock Council is the local authority for the borough of Thurrock in the ceremonial county of Essex, England. Since 1998 the council has been a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council. It is a member of the East of England Local Government Association. The council is based in Grays.

In 2022 the council's level of debt arising from failed investments led to it issuing a Section 114 notice, being the local authority equivalent of declaring bankruptcy. The government directed neighbouring Essex County Council to take over Thurrock's finances and also appointed a new managing director for the council.

Since 2024, the government has planned to abolish the council and merge it with other parts of Essex as part of its planned reorganisation of local government in Essex in 2025, with the next local elections in 2025 likely postponed until 2026.
Raphael Moonfel
Raphael Moonfel (died 28 September 1977) was a Micronesian physician and politician. He served as a member of the Senate of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands between 1969 and 1973.

After becoming a physician, Moonfel served as Director of Health Services in Yap.

He contested the Yap Senate seat in the 1968 congressional elections, defeating incumbent Francis Nuuan. He ran for re-election in 1972, but was heavily defeated by John Mangefel. Now in failing health, he did not return to the Department of Public Health after losing his seat.

Moonfel died of kidney failure in 1977, survived by his wife Elizabeth and ten children.

John Mangefel
John de Avila Mangefel (May 10, 1932 – April 11, 2007) was a Micronesian politician who played an important role during the first days of Micronesian independence and in the Trust Territory period that preceded them.

Mangefel was the first college graduate from Yap, with a major in English literature from the University of Hawaii. He was elected to the Senate of Micronesian Congress from the Yap district. He served as first Governor of Yap from January 8, 1979, to January 12, 1987. In addition he was a senator during the Trust Territory period, served as the Micronesian National Planner, Deputy Secretary of Foreign Affairs, and as the Disaster Coordinator.
Rudolph J. Daley
Rudolph J. Daley (September 10, 1918 – September 26, 1990) was a Vermont attorney, politician, and judge.  He is most notable for serving as an associate justice of the Vermont Supreme Court from 1972 to 1980.

Ancestry.com
Ancestry.com LLC is an American genealogy company based in Lehi, Utah. The largest for-profit genealogy company in the world, it operates a network of genealogical, historical records, and related genetic genealogy websites. It is owned by Blackstone Inc., which acquired the company on December 4, 2020, in a deal valued at $4.7 billion.

As of 2022, the company said it had provided access to 30 billion historical records, tripling its November 2018 figure of 10 billion records. In 2018 it also reported having 3 million paying subscribers, and to have sold 18 million DNA kits to customers. By 2023, Ancestry was the largest provider of consumer DNA testing in the world with a network of more than 25 million users, and Ancestry DNA testing is available in 128 countries.

As well as its main website, Ancestry operates country-specific versions for Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
Connecticut Route 4
Route 4 is an east–west primary state highway connecting rural Litchfield County to the Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs 46.72 miles (75.19 km) from the town of Sharon to the town of West Hartford.

Farmington, Connecticut
Farmington  is a town in Hartford County in the Farmington Valley area of central Connecticut in the United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was 26,712 at the 2020 census. It sits 10 miles west of Hartford at the hub of major I-84 interchanges, 25 miles south of Bradley International Airport and two hours by car from New York City and Boston. It has been home to the world headquarters of several large corporations including Otis Elevator Company, United Technologies, and Carvel. The northwestern section of Farmington is a suburban neighborhood called Unionville.
Runcinated 24-cell honeycomb
In four-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the runcinated 24-cell honeycomb is a uniform space-filling honeycomb. It can be seen as a runcination of the regular 24-cell honeycomb, containing runcinated 24-cell, 24-cell, octahedral prism, and 3-3 duoprism cells.

Honeycomb (geometry)
In geometry, a honeycomb is a space filling or close packing of polyhedral or higher-dimensional cells, so that there are no gaps. It is an example of the more general mathematical tiling or tessellation in any number of dimensions. Its dimension can be clarified as n-honeycomb for a honeycomb of n-dimensional space.

Honeycombs are usually constructed in ordinary Euclidean ("flat") space. They may also be constructed in non-Euclidean spaces, such as hyperbolic honeycombs.  Any finite uniform polytope can be projected to its circumsphere to form a uniform honeycomb in spherical space.
Cave of the Lakes
The Cave of the Lakes (Greek: Σπήλαιο των Λιμνών, romanized: Spilaio ton Limnon), formerly called Troupisio, is located near the village Kastria in the municipality of Kalavryta, Achaea regional unit. It is 17 km (11 miles) from Kalavryta and 9 km (6 miles) from Kleitoria.

The cave is an old subterranean river consisting of three levels. During the winter when the snow melts it is transformed into a flowing river with waterfalls. During the summer, it dries up, leaving behind 13 lakes.

Kleitoria
Kleitoria (Greek: Κλειτορία) is a village and a municipal unit in Achaea, Peloponnese, Greece. It was also the new name of the former municipality Lefkasio, of which it was the seat, between 2008 and 2011. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Kalavryta, and became a municipal unit of this municipality. The municipal unit has an area of 253.221 km2. The site of the ancient city of Cleitor is nearby.