hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
E. F. Hodgson Company
The E. F. Hodgson Company of Dover, Massachusetts, was one of a number of companies who used specialty mail-order catalogs, to advertise and sell sectional and ready-cut houses. From a small New England town, the Hodgson Company competed with economic giants such as Sears Roebuck and Montgomery Ward, to attract the attention of a growing America in the 1890s. Using the railroad to access its market, the specialty house mail-order catalog company competed all over the United States. There is still a good argument for the theory that the Hodgson Company was in the market before Sears, and equaled them in production. But even so, Hodgson became better known outside of the United States in such places as Belgium, Italy, France, Newfoundland, and Jerusalem.  From 1892 to 1944, the Hodgson Company was arguably the most important economic force of the simple agricultural community of Dover.

Montgomery Ward
Montgomery Ward is the name of two U.S. retail corporations. The original Montgomery Ward & Co. was a mail-order business and later a department store chain that operated between 1872 and 2001; its common nickname was "Monkey Wards". The current Montgomery Ward Inc. is an online shopping and mail-order catalog retailer that started three years after the original Montgomery Ward went out of business.
2016 WA State Challenge Cup
Western Australian soccer clubs will compete in 2016 for the Football West State Cup, known for sponsorship reasons as the Cool Ridge Cup. Clubs entered from the National Premier Leagues WA, the two divisions of the State League, a limited number of teams from various divisions of the 2016 Amateur League competition, and from regional teams from the South West, Goldfields, Great Southern and Midwest regions.

This knockout competition was won by Floreat Athena, their sixth title.

The competition also served as the Western Australian Preliminary Rounds for the 2016 FFA Cup. The two finalists  – Cockburn City and Floreat Athena – qualified for the final rounds, entering at the Round of 32.

Football West State Cup
The Football West State Cup is a soccer competition held between clubs in the Australian state of Western Australia, known as the Belt Up Cup for sponsorship reasons. It serves as preliminary rounds for the Australia Cup, previously known as the FFA Cup, with the 2 finalists also entering the final stages of that competition.
Elongated pentagonal cupola
In geometry, the elongated pentagonal cupola is one of the Johnson solids (J20). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by elongating a pentagonal cupola (J5) by attaching a decagonal prism to its base. The solid can also be seen as an elongated pentagonal orthobicupola (J38) with its "lid" (another pentagonal cupola) removed.

A Johnson solid is one of 92 strictly convex polyhedra that is composed of regular polygon faces but are not uniform polyhedra (that is, they are not Platonic solids, Archimedean solids, prisms, or antiprisms). They were named by Norman Johnson, who first listed these polyhedra in 1966.

Elongated pentagonal orthobicupola
In geometry, the elongated pentagonal orthobicupola or cantellated pentagonal prism is one of the Johnson solids (J38). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by elongating a pentagonal orthobicupola (J30) by inserting a decagonal prism between its two congruent halves. Rotating one of the cupolae through 36 degrees before inserting the prism yields an elongated pentagonal gyrobicupola (J39).

A Johnson solid is one of 92 strictly convex polyhedra that is composed of regular polygon faces but are not uniform polyhedra (that is, they are not Platonic solids, Archimedean solids, prisms, or antiprisms). They were named by Norman Johnson, who first listed these polyhedra in 1966.
1992 South Korean presidential election
Presidential elections were held in South Korea on 18 December 1992, the second democratic presidential elections since the end of military rule in 1987. Voter turnout was 81.9%.

In the first regular presidential election with no military candidates since 1960, Kim Young-sam of the ruling Democratic Liberal Party won with 42 percent of the vote.

Presidential elections in South Korea
Since the establishment of the First Republic in 1948, there have been 22 elections for president of South Korea (including the March 1960 election, whose results were invalidated after the April Revolution).

Prior to the Presidential Election Act of 1987, the elections were indirect. Since 1987, the president is elected directly by the public using plurality-with-primaries in a single, non-renewable five-year term.
Mick Blue
Mick Blue (born September 9, 1976) is an Austrian adult entertainer and adult film director. He has won over 25 awards including the 2015 and 2017 AVN Award for Male Performer of the Year and the XBIZ Award for Male Performer of the Year in 2022. He was inducted into the AVN Hall of Fame in 2017.

AVN Award for Female Performer of the Year
The AVN Award for Female Performer of the Year is presented every January in Las Vegas, Nevada at the AVN Awards ceremony sponsored and presented by the American adult video industry trade magazine Adult Video News (AVN). It represents the female porn star who has had the best body of work in the previous year. It has been given annually since 1993.

Tori Black was the first two-time winner, winning back-to-back in 2010 and 2011. Angela White was the first three-time winner, winning back-to-back-to-back in 2018, 2019 and 2020. Kira Noir became the first black woman to win the award in 2023.
Airport policing in the United Kingdom
Airport policing in the United Kingdom has taken many forms since the rise of scheduled airline services in the post-war period. Policing at major civilian airports was the responsibility of specialist constabularies operated by three central government departments until 1974, when the rise in international terrorism saw armed police from territorial police forces deployed to major airports under the provisions of the Policing of Airports Act. As more minor airports grew in size, they too switched to armed police provided by local police forces. However, the funding agreements for the provision of such services varied wildly from airport to airport, leading to disagreements between airport operators and chief constables. A new regime, the Airport Security Planning Framework, came into force in January 2010, and brought airport operators, airlines and police forces together to develop joint security and policing plans for all passenger airports.

Liverpool John Lennon Airport
Liverpool John Lennon Airport (IATA: LPL, ICAO: EGGP) is an international airport serving Liverpool, England, on the estuary of the River Mersey 6.5 nautical miles (12.0 km; 7.5 mi) south-east of Liverpool city centre. Scheduled domestic, European, North African and Middle Eastern services are operated from the airport. The airport comprises a single passenger terminal, three general use hangars, a FedEx Express courier service centre as well as a single runway measuring 7,500 ft (2,286 m) in length, with the control tower south of the runway.

Originally called Speke Airport, it was operated by the Royal Air Force as RAF Speke in World War II. Between 1997 and 2007, annual passenger numbers increased from 689,468 to 5.47 million. It was renamed after Liverpudlian musician John Lennon of the Beatles in 2001. The airport handled 4.19 million passengers in 2023, making it the  12th-busiest airport in the UK.
Jean-Kévin Augustin
Jean-Kévin Augustin (born 16 June 1997) is a French professional footballer who plays as a striker.

An academy graduate of French club Paris Saint-Germain, Augustin made his senior debut in 2015 and made 31 appearances for the club, scoring two goals, and won eight national honours. In 2017, he joined RB Leipzig for a €13 million fee.

Augustin has also represented France at various youth levels and was part of the France U19 which won the 2016 European U19 Championship. His performances throughout the tournament earned him the Golden Boot and Player of the Tournament awards.

UEFA European Under-19 Championship
The UEFA European Under-19 Championship, or simply the Euro Under-19, is an annual football competition, contested by the European men's under-19 national teams of the UEFA member associations.

Spain is the most successful team in this competition, having won twelve titles. Netherlands are the current champions.
Abraha
Abraha (Ge’ez: አብርሀ) (also spelled Abreha, died presumably 570 CE) was an Aksumite viceroy of Himyar (modern-day Yemen) and a large part of Arabia for over 30 years in the 6th century. Originally a general in the Aksumite army that invaded Yemen around 525 CE, Abraha seized power by deposing the Christian Himyarite king installed by Kaleb.

He is famous for the tradition of his failed siege of Mecca, an event that is referred to as the Year of the Elephant in Islamic tradition, using an army that included war elephants. This event is interpreted by some to be the historical context behind Surah Al-Fil, the 105th surah of the Quran. A newly discovered Himyarite inscription may mention elephants, offering potential support for this battle having taken place.

Christian J. Robin
Christian Julien Robin (born 12 May 1943) is a French orientalist and scholar specializing in the history and culture of the Arabian Peninsula. He has received three awards, including the Legion of Honour.
Enabling transformation
In computer science, an enabling transformation is a compiler optimization that increases the effectiveness of other compiler optimizations. Such an optimization may or may not improve program performance by itself, but it also alters the structure of the program in such a way that other optimizations may produce superior results. Typical enabling transformations include:

Inline expansion: By inserting the body of a function in place of its call site, a large collection of intraprocedural optimizations such as dead code elimination, loop-invariant code motion, and induction variable elimination can take advantage of information from both the caller and callee.

Loop skewing: By "skewing" the logical shape of an array, this loop optimization can (when combined with loop interchange) eliminate loop-carried dependencies, allowing an inner loop to be parallelized.

Loop unswitching moves loop invariants out of a loop, reducing the number of conditional branches in each loop.

Induction variable
In computer science, an induction variable is a variable that gets increased or decreased by a fixed amount on every iteration of a loop or is a linear function of another induction variable.

For example, in the following loop, i and j are induction variables:
Carnegie, Victoria
Carnegie is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 12 km south-east of Melbourne's central business district, on the railway line between Caulfield and Oakleigh, located within the City of Glen Eira local government area. Carnegie recorded a population of 17,909 at the 2021 census.

The suburb's main shopping precinct is a well-regarded 'eat street,’ with cafes and restaurants lining Koornang Road from Dandenong Road to Neerim Road. Koornang Park and the neighbouring Carnegie Swim Centre are located between Koornang Road, Munro Avenue and Lyons Street.

Originally called Rosstown, after William Murray Ross, a prominent property developer and entrepreneur, a name change came about due to Ross' failed speculative developments.
In 1909 it was renamed Carnegie. It has been suggested that this was done in an unsuccessful attempt to secure funds for a library from the philanthropist Andrew Carnegie but there is no contemporary evidence supporting this.

Its postcode is 3163.

Oakleigh South, Victoria
Oakleigh South is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 17 km south-east of the Melbourne central business district, located within the Cities of Kingston and Monash local government areas. Oakleigh South recorded a population of 9,851 at the 2021 census.

A largely residential suburb, its boundaries are North Road to the north, Dingley Bypass to the south, Warrigal Road to the west and Huntingdale/Clarinda Roads to the east.

Oakleigh South Post Office opened on 1 September 1936.
Monroe Leigh
Monroe Leigh (1919–2001) was a prominent American political philosopher and diplomat. He was born in Halifax, Virginia, in 1919. He graduated from Hampden-Sydney College in 1940 and earned a law degree from the University of Virginia, serving  as editor of the Virginia Law Review. His time in law school was interrupted by service in the Army Air Forces during World War II.

He served as a legal adviser for the United States Defense Department  and was picked by Henry Kissinger to serve as Legal Adviser of the Department of State. He was also NATO mission envoy, and president of the American Society of International Law. He was a prolific writer on the subject of international law, with his criticism of the United States' refusal to sign the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court being published in 2000, the year before he died.

Legal Adviser of the Department of State
The Legal Adviser of the Department of State is a position within the United States Department of State.  The legal adviser provides legal advice on all issues (domestic and international) arising in the course of the department's activities.  
The legal adviser heads the State Department's Office of the Legal Adviser. As such, the legal adviser has the rank of Assistant Secretary.
Atwood–Higgins Historic District
The Atwood–Higgins Historic District encompasses a historic property with deep colonial roots in Cape Cod National Seashore.  Located on Bound Brook Island on the west side of Wellfleet, Massachusetts, the centerpiece of the district is the Thomas Atwood House, built c. 1730.  The property is emblematic of Cape Cod's colonial origins and its later transformation into a summer resort area.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976; the district was listed in 2010.  The property is open for guided tours by the National Park Service on a seasonal basis.

Wellfleet, Massachusetts
Wellfleet is a town on Cape Cod in Massachusetts. The town had a population of 3,566 at the 2020 United States census, which swells nearly sixfold during the summer. A total of 70% of the town's land area is under protection, and nearly half of it is part of the Cape Cod National Seashore. Wellfleet is famous for its oysters, which are celebrated in the annual October Wellfleet OysterFest.
Pompton Aquatic Park
Pompton Aquatic Park is a riverside park that spans the border of Wayne and Pompton Lakes in Passaic County, and the Pompton Plains section of Pequannock Township in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. A total of 29 acres (12 ha) are situated within Passaic County, and divided evenly between Wayne and Pompton Lakes. The remaining 10.4 acres is situated in Pompton Plains. The park is located along the Pompton River and the historic Morris Canal Greenway, and adjacent to the Passaic County Farm, which is a preserved farm of approximately 15 acres.

The emphasis of Pompton Aquatic Park is passive recreation, and it provides a network of multipurpose trails, scenic vistas, opportunities for fishing, and wildlife habitat.

Part of this park used to belong to the now-dissolved Morris Canal Greenway and Banking Company.

Parking can be found on local streets. The park can also be accessed via NJ Transit by bus routes 194 and 197.

Pompton Plains, New Jersey
Pompton Plains is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated community constituting the majority of Pequannock Township, Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the CDP's population was 11,144. The community was first listed as a CDP in advance of the 2020 census.
Nusach Ashkenaz
Nusach Ashkenaz is a style of Jewish liturgy conducted by Ashkenazi Jews. It is primarily a way to order and include prayers, and differs from Nusach Sefard (as used by the Hasidim) and Baladi-rite prayer, and still more from the Sephardic rite proper, in the placement and presence of certain prayers.

Louis Ginzberg
Louis Ginzberg (Hebrew: לוי גינצבורג, Levy Gintzburg; Russian: Леви Гинцберг, Levy Ginzberg; November 28, 1873 – November 11, 1953) was a Russian-born American rabbi and Talmudic scholar of Lithuanian-Jewish descent, contributing editor to numerous articles of The Jewish Encyclopedia (1906), and leading figure in the Conservative movement of Judaism during the early 20th century.
Ernst Jacobson
Ernst Jacobson (31 January 1889, in Stockholm – 8 February 1963, in Stockholm) was a Swedish chess master.

He took 8th at Copenhagen 1916 (the 9th Nordic Chess Championship, Paul Johner won), took 2nd at Stockholm 1916, tied for 7-8th at Göteborg 1920 (B-tournament, Johner won), took 3rd and won ahead of Karl Berndtsson and Gustaf Nyholm at Jönköping 1921, and took 4th at Uppsala 1923 (Allan Nilsson and Anton Olson won).

He thrice represented Sweden in Chess Olympiads at London 1927, The Hague 1928, and Hamburg 1930, and played in friendly matches Germany vs. Sweden (1922) and Stockholm vs. Leningrad (1926).

Allan Nilsson
Allan Nilsson (18 May 1899 – 4 September 1949) was a Swedish chess master.

Nilsson was born in Gothenburg. He was Swedish champion in 1924–1929, and played four matches for the title, all in Gothenburg. He drew a match with Gustaf Nyholm (2.5 : 2.5) in 1921, won against Nyholm (3 : 1) in 1924, drew with Gösta Stoltz (2.5 : 2.5) in 1927, and lost to Gideon Ståhlberg (0 : 3) in 1929.

He tied for 2nd-3rd, behind Paul Johner, at Göteborg 1920, shared 1st with Anton Olson at Uppsala 1923, and took 3rd at Copenhagen 1924 (Nordic Championship, Aron Nimzowitsch won).

Nilsson represented Sweden in the 1st Chess Olympiad at London 1927, and tied for 9-11th in the Amateur World Championship (Max Euwe won), which took place during the 2nd Chess Olympiad at The Hague 1928.

Nilsson died in Gothenburg.
Pasco School District (Washington)
Pasco School District No. 1 (PSD) is a public school district in Pasco, Washington, United States, part of the Tri-Cities area. It serves over 18,500 K–12 students in the city of Pasco and surrounding parts of unincorporated Franklin County. As of 2025, the district operates 17 elementary schools, four middle schools, and five high schools.

Programs offered by PSD include the largest dual language program in Washington, serving over 2,190 students who are educated in both English and Spanish. The district launched a digital learning academy in 2023 that consolidates four online schools that offer remote learning to 600 students. The school district's superintendent has been Michelle Whitney since 2016.

Pasco High School (Washington)
Pasco High School is a 9–12 public high school in Pasco, Washington. It was the only high school in Pasco until 2009, when Chiawana High School was opened.

In 2006, Pasco voters approved a $90 million+ bond to construct a new high school on Argent and Road 84 to ease the overcrowding of Pasco High. The new Chiawana High School opened in fall of 2009 along Argent Road. During the time of construction, Pasco High turned Captain Gray STEM Elementary School into an annex, where a majority of freshman classes were held. Once Chiawana High opened, the building once again became Captain Gray Elementary. Additionally, the school makes use of over 50 portable classrooms.

Pasco High is one of Washington state's largest high schools; it is classified as a 4A school (the classification for the largest schools in that state) with an enrollment of more than 1,800 students.
1943 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 1943 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships were organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and served as the national championships in indoor track and field for the United States.

The men's edition was held at Madison Square Garden in New York City, New York, and it took place February 27. There was no corresponding women's championships in 1943.

At the championships, Frank Dixon came from behind to beat Gil Dodds in the mile by a nose.

USA Indoor Track and Field Championships
The USA Indoor Track and Field Championships is an annual indoor track and field competition organized by USA Track & Field, which serves as the American national championships for the sport. In years which feature a World Indoor Championships in Athletics, the championships serve as a way of selecting the best athletes for those competitions.
Josef Špak
Josef Špak (10 July 1929 – 12 September 2016) was a Czech clergyman, and from 1994 to 2001, the sixth bishop-patriarch of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church.

He was born in Litomyšl and baptised into the Catholic Church; he later studied theology at the Hus Czechoslovak Evangelical Theological Faculty.  While studying there, he met his future wife Tonička, and they married in 1953.

The StB kept a file on him from 1974 to 1989 and for a time he was unable to carry out his pastoral work. He served in the parish of České Budějovice while also working in a foundry.

After Tonička’s death in 1989, he married Hussite pastor Jana Švábenská.

He was elected on 27 August 1994 as patriarch, a position he kept until 2001 to be succeeded by Jan Schwarz.

He is buried at the Church of St. Vitus. Nicholas on the Old Town Square in Prague.

Jan Schwarz
Jan Schwarz (27 September 1958 – 10 November 2023) was a Czech theologian, a spiritual leader, journalist and writer. He was the seventh Patriarch of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church from 2001 to 2005.

In 2000, he had been assigned as the press spokesman and in 2001 as the head of the Church of the church. His rule was marked by serious rambling between rival factions some refusing his patriarchy and threatening the division of the church. In 2005, he appeared in front of the church's Episcopal Central Council where he tended his resignation from the patriarchate. He also announced his decision to join the Religious Society of Czech Unitarians. He was also engaged in journalistic and writer activities.

The ecclesiastical council appointed Bishop Mgr. Štěpán Klásek as an interim administrator to prepare for the election of a new patriarch of the church. On 23 September 2006, Tomáš Butta was elected, in the first round of voting with absolute majority as eighth Patriarch of the Church.
Northeast 111
The Northeast 111 is a peak-bagging list of 4,000-foot (1,219.2 m) mountains in the northeastern states of the United States.  It includes the sixty-seven 4000-footers of New England (48 in New Hampshire, 14 in Maine and 5 in Vermont), the 46 Adirondack High Peaks, and Slide and Hunter Mountain, both in the Catskills of New York. The list was first compiled in 1971.

This list includes 115 peaks but is still referred to as the "Northeast 111" because that name predates the additions of Galehead Mountain and Bondcliff in New Hampshire, as well as Mount Redington and Spaulding Mountain in Maine, due to later surveys determining they do indeed rise to 4,000 feet (1,219.2 m) and satisfy topographic prominence requirements.  There are also four peaks in the Adirondacks that are under 4,000 feet, (Blake Peak, Cliff Mountain, Couchsachraga Peak, and Nye Mountain) making the true number of 4,000 foot peaks 111.

Hunter Mountain (New York)
Hunter Mountain is in the towns of Hunter and Lexington, just south of the village of Hunter, in Greene County, New York, United States. At approximately 4,040 feet (1,231 m) in elevation, it is the highest peak in the county and the second-highest peak in the Catskill Mountains.

While the mountain is closely associated with the eponymous ski area built around the Colonel's Chair ridge at the mountain's northwest corner, that takes up only a small portion of the mountain. The actual summit, some distance from the ski area, is graced with a fire lookout tower, the highest in the state and second-highest in the Northeast. The former road to it is open to hikers, horses (and possibly mountain bikers in the future). It is the most popular route to the mountain's summit.