hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Versailles Township, Pennsylvania
South Versailles Township is a township in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 351 at the 2010 census. It contains the village of Coulter, also called Coulterville or Coulters. The U.S. Post Office in the village is called Coulters.

Township (Pennsylvania)
A township, under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities, boroughs, and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions.

In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities, and tend to be located in suburban, exurban, or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government.
Norwegian Air UK
Norwegian Air UK Ltd was a British airline and a fully integrated subsidiary of low-cost airline Norwegian Air Shuttle, using its corporate identity. The airline operated Boeing 787-9 aircraft on scheduled services between Europe, Asia, and the Americas from its base at Gatwick Airport, south of London. In January 2021, Norwegian Air Shuttle announced it would cease all long-haul operations, which included those of Norwegian Air UK.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on commercial air transport
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the airline industry due to travel restrictions and a decimation in demand among travelers.

Significant reductions in passenger numbers have resulted in flights being cancelled or planes flying empty between airports, which in turn massively reduced revenues for airlines and forced many airlines to lay off employees or declare bankruptcy. Some have attempted to avoid refunding cancelled trips to diminish their losses. Airliner manufacturers and airport operators have also laid off employees.

Only several months into the pandemic, the crisis was already the worst in the aviation industry's history, according to statements made in early 2020 by Airbus' Guillaume Faury, EasyJet's Johan Lundgren, United Airlines' Oscar Munoz, Qantas' Alan Joyce, and media outlets: the Financial Times, The New York Times, and The Independent.
Mambalam
West Mambalam is a residential and commercial area in Chennai, India. It is known for its shops, bazaars and Hindu temples. It is bounded by Kodambakkam to the north and Saidapet to the south. T. Nagar and Nandanam stretch along its entire eastern frontier while Ashok Nagar lies to its west. The Ayodhya Mandapam is an important landmark.

Nandanam
Nandanam is a neighborhood in Chennai, India. It is located on the northern banks of Adyar River, on the other side of Kotturpuram, and is bound by Saidapet, T. Nagar and Teynampet. In addition to a number of institutions and companies, Nandanam offers a calm residential location. It is known for the Nandanam Arts College that was established in 1901 and the Nandanam Junction, commonly referred as "Nandanam signal", on the arterial Anna Salai—one of the busiest traffic junctions in Chennai.
Purandar Fort
Purandar Fort is a mountain fort in Pune district in the Western Indian state of Maharashtra, India. The fort stands at 1,374 metres (4,508 ft) above sea level in the Western Ghats, 50 kilometres (31 mi) to the southeast of Pune.

The twin forts of Purandar (or Indraneel Parwat) and Vajragad (or Rudramal) of which the latter is the smaller of the two, is located on the eastern side of the main fort rising 1,347 metres (4,419 ft) above sea level. The village of Purandar takes its name from this fort. It is the birthplace of  Chatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj.

Seuna (Yadava) dynasty
The Seuna, Sevuna, or Yadavas of Devagiri (IAST: Seuṇa, c. 1187–1317) was a medieval Indian dynasty, which at its peak ruled a realm stretching from the Narmada river in the north to the Tungabhadra river in the south, in the western part of the Deccan region. Its territory included present-day Maharashtra, northern Karnataka and parts of Madhya Pradesh, from its capital at Devagiri (present-day Daulatabad in modern Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar district, Maharashtra).

The Yadavas initially ruled as feudatories of the Western Chalukyas. Around the middle of the 12th century, as the Chalukya power waned, the Yadava king Bhillama V declared independence. The Yadavas reached their peak under Simhana II, and flourished until the early 14th century, when it was annexed by the Khalji dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate in 1308 CE.
Meira
Meira is a municipality in the Galician province of Lugo. It is in the northwest of the province, including the Terra Chá and the Serras Orientais to the west of the Serra de Meira. The most popular festivals are those of the candles, carnival, corpus, Santa Maria (15 August), San Roque, and the Festa da Malha. Every two weeks, the "Feira de Meira"(literally translating to the fair of Meira) is held, where many people sell their food, cattle, and many other things. In the monastery of Santa María, there are six confessionals. The river Minho, the longest lake in Galicia, was born in a glacier in Meira.

Lugo
Lugo (Galician: [ˈluɣo], Spanish: [ˈluɣo] ⓘ) is a city in northwestern Spain in the autonomous community of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo. The municipality had a population of 100,060 in 2024, making it the fourth most populous city in Galicia.

Lugo is the only city in the world to be surrounded by completely intact Roman walls, which reach a height of 10 to 15 metres (33 to 49 feet) along a 2,117-metre (6,946 ft) circuit ringed with 71 towers. The walk along the top is continuous around the circuit and features ten gates. The 3rd century Roman walls, the only one of its kind in the world, are protected by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The city's historic bridge over the Miño is also essentially of Roman date. The city of Lugo is along the Camino Primitivo path of the Camino de Santiago.
Transportation in Puerto Rico
Transportation in Puerto Rico includes a system of roads, highways, freeways, airports, ports and harbors, and railway systems, serving a population of approximately 4 million year-round. It is funded primarily with both local and federal government funds.

Puertorriqueña de Aviación
Puertorriqueña de Aviación, previously known as Aerovías Nacionales de Puerto Rico (alternatively known as ANPRI) was an airline company that operated during the 1930s. It was the first documented attempt by Puerto Ricans to have a flag carrier in the country.
Amt Temnitz
Amt Temnitz is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Ostprignitz-Ruppin, in Brandenburg, Germany. Its seat is in Walsleben.

The Amt Temnitz consists of the following municipalities:

Dabergotz

Märkisch Linden

Storbeck-Frankendorf

Temnitzquell

Temnitztal

Walsleben

Ostprignitz-Ruppin
Ostprignitz-Ruppin is a Kreis (district) in the northwestern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Neighboring are (from north clockwise) the districts Müritz and Mecklenburg-Strelitz in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, the districts
Oberhavel and Havelland, the district Stendal in Saxony-Anhalt, and the district Prignitz.
Thomas T. Reilley
Thomas Thornton Reilley (March 20, 1883 – January 27, 1940) was an American college football coach and politician. He served the 12th head football coach at New York University (NYU). He held that position for two seasons, 1914 and 1915, leading the NYU Violets to a record of 9–7–2. Having come off a scoreless, losing season in 1913 under Jake High, NYU's record under Reilley in 1914 of 5–3–1 showed a marked improvement. However, Reilleys' tenure at NYU ended in 1915 with a 70–0 loss to Rutgers.

Reilley was a Democratic member of the New York State Assembly (New York Co., 21st D.) in 1916.

Jake High
Jake C. High was an American college football player and coach. He played football at the fullback position for Brown University. He was the head football coach at Wesleyan University in 1912 and has the distinction of having the highest career winning percentage (.778) in the 127-year history of the Wesleyan Cardinals football program. He was also the head football coach at New York University (NYU) in 1913 and holds the distinction of having the lowest career winning percentage (.000) in the history of the NYU Violets football program.
ADI Condor
The ADI Condor was a motor glider of unusual configuration built in the United States in 1981. While most motor gliders follow traditional sailplane layout, the Condor was of twin-boom configuration, with twin, inwardly canted tail fins joined at their tips by a common horizontal stabilizer. A pusher propeller driven by a converted Volkswagen engine was mounted at the rear of the central nacelle that seated the pilot and passenger in tandem. Construction throughout was of composite materials.

The single example of the aircraft was destroyed in a crash in late 1982 after an engine failure.

Motor glider
A motor glider is a fixed-wing aircraft that can be flown with or without engine power. The FAI Gliding Commission Sporting Code definition is: a fixed-wing aerodyne equipped with a means of propulsion (MoP), capable of sustained soaring flight without thrust from the means of propulsion.
Robert Farris Thompson
Robert Farris Thompson (December 30, 1932 – November 29, 2021) was an American art historian and writer who specialized in Africa and the Afro-Atlantic world. He was a member of the faculty at Yale University from 1965 to his retirement more than fifty years later and served as the Colonel John Trumbull Professor of the History of Art. Thompson coined the term "black Atlantic" in his 1983 book Flash of the Spirit: African and Afro-American Art and Philosophy – the expanded subject of Paul Gilroy's book The Black Atlantic.

He lived in the Yoruba region of southwest Nigeria while he conducted his research of Yoruba arts history. He was affiliated with the University of Ibadan and frequented Yoruba village communities. Thompson studied the African arts of the diaspora in the United States, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Cuba, Haiti, Puerto Rico, Surinam and several Caribbean islands.

Paul Gilroy
Paul Gilroy FRSL FBA (born 16 February 1956) is an English sociologist and cultural studies scholar who is the founding Director of the Sarah Parker Remond Centre for the Study of Racism and Racialisation (SPRC) at University College London (UCL). Gilroy was the 2019 winner of the €660,000 Holberg Prize, for "his outstanding contributions to a number of academic fields, including cultural studies, critical race studies, sociology, history, anthropology and African-American studies".
Christians Creek
Christians Creek is a 33.0-mile-long (53.1 km) stream in Augusta County in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is a tributary of the Middle River, part of the Shenandoah River system flowing to the Potomac River.

Shenandoah River
The Shenandoah River /ˌʃɛnənˈdoʊə/ is the principal tributary of the Potomac River, 55.6 miles (89.5 km) long with two forks approximately 100 miles (160 km) long each, in the U.S. states of Virginia and West Virginia. The river and its tributaries drain the central and lower Shenandoah Valley and the Page Valley in the Appalachians on the west side of the Blue Ridge Mountains, in northwestern Virginia and the eastern panhandle of West Virginia. There is a hydroelectric plant along the Shenandoah River constructed in 2014 by Dominion.
Relativity: The Special and the General Theory
Relativity: The Special and the General Theory (German: Über die spezielle und die allgemeine Relativitätstheorie) is a popular science book by Albert Einstein. It began as a short paper and was eventually expanded into a book written with the aim of explaining the special and general theories of relativity. It was published in German in 1916 and translated into English in 1920. It is divided into three parts, the first dealing with special relativity, the second dealing with general relativity, and the third dealing with cosmology.

Hendrik Lorentz
Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (18 July 1853 – 4 February 1928) was a Dutch theoretical physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for their discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect. He derived the Lorentz transformation of the special theory of relativity, as well as the Lorentz force, which describes the force acting on a charged particle in an electromagnetic field. He was also responsible for the Lorentz oscillator model, a classical model used to describe the anomalous dispersion observed in dielectric materials when the driving frequency of the electric field was near the resonant frequency of the material, resulting in abnormal refractive indices.

Lorentz received many other honors and distinctions, including a term as Chairman of the International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation, the forerunner of UNESCO, from 1925 until his death in 1928.
Bisoxazoline ligand
Bis(oxazoline) ligands (often abbreviated BOX ligands) are a family of organic compounds consisting of a linked pair of oxazoline rings.  Chiral versions of the 2,2'-bisoxazolines have been of particular interest as ligands in homogeneous catalysis.  They are sometimes called privileged chiral ligands.

Ene reaction
In organic chemistry, the ene reaction (also known as the Alder-ene reaction by its discoverer Kurt Alder in 1943) is a chemical reaction between an alkene with an allylic hydrogen (the ene) and a compound containing a multiple bond (the enophile), in order to form a new σ-bond with migration of the ene double bond and 1,5 hydrogen shift. The product is a substituted alkene with the double bond shifted to the allylic position.

This transformation is a group transfer pericyclic reaction, and therefore, usually requires highly activated substrates and/or high temperatures. Nonetheless, the reaction is compatible with a wide variety of functional groups that can be appended to the ene and enophile moieties. Many useful Lewis acid-catalyzed ene reactions have been also developed, which can afford high yields and selectivities at significantly lower temperatures.
Independent Milwaukee Brewery
The Independent Milwaukee Brewery was an American brewery that was located on the south side of Milwaukee, Wisconsin from 1901 until 1964, when it was closed by G. Heileman Brewing Company which purchased the brewery in 1962. The brewery's signature brand was Braumeister. The trademark for this brand is currently held by Rhinelander Brewing Company.

G. Heileman Brewing Company
The G. Heileman Brewing Company of La Crosse, Wisconsin, United States, was a brewer that operated from 1858 to 1996.  It was ultimately acquired by Stroh's.  From 1872 until its acquisition, the brewery bore the family name of its co-founder and brewer Gottlieb Heileman.
2017 Milo Open Cali
The 2017 Milo Open Cali was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the tenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Cali, Colombia between 16 and 21 October 2017.

2017 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2017, was the secondary men's professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2017 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprises 155 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $50,000 up to $150,000. It was the 40th edition of the challenger tournaments cycle, and 9th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Heaven Hill Kentucky Whiskey
Heaven Hill Kentucky Whiskey is an American blended whiskey produced in Bardstown, Kentucky by Heaven Hill Distilleries. The company sells a variety of blended whiskeys and straight bourbons in 16 oz (1 pint), 750ml, and 1-liter glass bottles, and in 1.75L plastic bottles.

American whiskey
American whiskey is whiskey (a distilled beverage produced from a fermented mash of cereal grain) produced in the United States. The best known American whiskey is straight whiskey, which is characterized by a mash consisting of a predominant grain (at least 51% of the mash) and, with some exceptions, aged in new charred white oak barrels. Examples of straight whiskeys include bourbon whiskey, rye whiskey, Tennessee whiskey, rye malt whiskey, malt whiskey, wheat whiskey, and corn whiskey.

Other American whiskeys include blended whiskeys, light whiskeys, and spirit whiskeys. Laws regulating the products vary between those produced for sale in the U.S. and those exported abroad.
Brassylic acid
Brassylic acid is an organic compound with chemical formula (CH2)11(CO2H)2.  A white solid, it is the C13-dicarboxylic acid.  It is prepared by oxidation of erucic acid, which is abundant in some seed oils. Pelargonic acid is the coproduct.  In the industrial setting, brassylic acid is used to produce specialty nylons, such as nylon 1313, as well as polymers, biodegradable solvents, lubricants, perfumes and plastics.

Brassylic acid was first created in the nineteenth century through the oxidative ozonolysis of Erucic acid. It can yield 2 kinds of salts as it has 2 carboxylic acid groups attached. It occurs as a white powder, or as flakes.

Dicarboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a dicarboxylic acid is an organic compound containing two carboxyl groups (−COOH). The general molecular formula for dicarboxylic acids can be written as HO2C−R−CO2H, where R can be aliphatic or aromatic. In general, dicarboxylic acids show similar chemical behavior and reactivity to monocarboxylic acids. Dicarboxylic acids are usually colorless solids.  A wide variety of dicarboxylic acids are used in industry. Adipic acid, for example, is a precursor to certain kinds of nylon. A wide variety of dicarboxylic acids are found in nature. Aspartic acid and glutamic acid are two amino acids found in all life.  Succinic and fumaric acids are essential for metabolism. A large inventory of derivatives are known including many mono- and diesters, amides, etc.
Telecommunications in Angola
Telecommunications in Angola include telephone, radio, television, and the Internet. The government controls all broadcast media with a nationwide reach.

In 2001, toward the end of Angolan Civil War, the government began adopting regulations to liberalize the telecom industry. This enabled private investments to revitalize the country's telecommunications infrastructure which had been severely damaged by the decades-long conflict. By 2012, Angola had one of the largest mobile telecom markets in sub-Saharan Africa and Internet access was growing steadily. The Ministry of Post and Telecommunications (MCT) oversees the telecommunications sector which is regulated by the Angolan National Institute of Telecommunication (INACOM).

SAT-3/WASC
SAT-3/WASC or South Atlantic 3/West Africa Submarine Cable is a submarine communications cable linking Portugal and Spain to South Africa, with connections to several West African countries along the route.

It forms part of the SAT-3/WASC/SAFE cable system, where the SAFE cable links South Africa to Asia. The SAT-3/WASC/SAFE system provides a path between Asia and Europe for telecommunications traffic that is an alternative to the cable routes that pass through the Middle East, such as SEA-ME-WE 3 and FLAG. SAT-3 has a capacity of 340 Gbit/s while SAFE has a capacity of 440 Gbit/s. The SAT-3 system together with SAFE was built by a consortium of operators .
OCZ
OCZ was a brand of Toshiba that was used for some of its solid-state drives (SSDs) before they were rebranded with Toshiba.  OCZ Storage Solutions was a manufacturer of SSDs based in San Jose, California, USA and was the new company formed after the sale of OCZ Technology Group's SSD assets to Toshiba Corporation.  Since entering the memory market as OCZ Technology in 2002, the company has targeted its products primarily at the computer hardware enthusiast market, producing performance DDR SDRAM, video cards, USB drives, power supply units, and various cooling products.

OCZ Storage Solutions was dissolved on April 1, 2016 and absorbed into Toshiba America Electronic Components, Inc, which later then became Kioxia.

SATA
SATA (Serial AT Attachment) is a computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives. Serial ATA succeeded the earlier Parallel ATA (PATA) standard to become the predominant interface for storage devices.

Serial ATA industry compatibility specifications originate from the Serial ATA International Organization (SATA-IO) which are then released by the INCITS Technical Committee T13, AT Attachment (INCITS T13).
Megan Rosenbloom
Megan Curran Rosenbloom (born 1981) is an American medical librarian and expert on anthropodermic bibliopegy, the practice of binding books in human skin. She is a team member of the Anthropodermic Book Project, a group which scientifically tests skin-bound books to determine whether their origins are human. Rosenbloom is the author of Dark Archives, a 2020 non-fiction book on the history, provenance, and myths about books bound in human skin.

Anthropodermic bibliopegy
Anthropodermic bibliopegy is the practice of binding books in human skin. As of April 2022, The Anthropodermic Book Project has examined 31 out of 50 books in public institutions supposed to have anthropodermic bindings, of which 18 have been confirmed as human and 13 have been demonstrated to be non-human leather instead.
Israel national under-19 cricket team
The Israel Under-19 cricket team represents the country of Israel in U-19 international cricket. The team is controlled by Israel Cricket Association (ICA). The team have not been qualify yet in the ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup

Israel Cricket Association
Israel Cricket Association is the official governing body of the sport of cricket in Israel. Israel Cricket Association is Israel's representative at the International Cricket Council. It is an associate member and has been a member of that body since 1974. Its principal objective is to incorporate and manage cricket within. Israel along with Denmark, Gibraltar, the Netherlands, Ireland, Italy and Scotland founded the European Cricket Council in 1996.
Hypsolebias magnificus
Hypsolebias magnificus is a species of killifish in the family Rivulidae native the Middle São Francisco River basin in Brazil. It grows to 5 cm (2.0 in) TL.

It was formerly included in the genus Simpsonichthys but has been recently reclassified.

Simpsonichthys
Simpsonichthys is a genus of killifish from the family Rivulidae the species of which are endemic to temporary freshwater habitats like ponds in the upper Paraná, upper Araguaia, upper Jequitinhonha and São Francisco basins on the central Brazilian Plateau. They are small annual killifish that reach up to 5.5 cm (2.2 in) in standard length.
2018 Open Città della Disfida
The 2018 Open Città della Disfida was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 19th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Barletta, Italy between 9 and 15 April 2018.

2018 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2018, was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2018 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 159 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $50,000 up to $150,000. It was the 41st edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 10th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Ukai Kappa
Ukai Kappa (ꯎꯀꯥꯏ ꯀꯥꯞꯄ) is an annual royal archery ceremony, described in the Khamba Thoibi, a classical Meitei epic from the Moirang Kangleirol genre of Meitei mythology and folklore. The ritual is held for the welfare of Moirang kingdom and involves the king and his younger brother, the crown prince.

Keke Moirang
Keke Moirang, was an in independent kingdom in the southern plains of the present day Manipur, India from 52 BCE to 1432 CE. The Keke Kangla served as the capital city of the kingdom since time immemorial. The major body of accounts related to the history, literature, mythology of the kingdom are collectively called Moirang Kangleirol.