hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yucca Flat
Yucca Flat is a closed desert drainage basin, one of four major nuclear test regions within the Nevada Test Site (NTS), and is divided into nine test sections: Areas 1 through 4 and 6 through 10. Yucca Flat is located at the eastern edge of NTS, about ten miles (16 km) north of Frenchman Flat, and 65 miles (105 km) from Las Vegas, Nevada. Yucca Flat was the site for 739 nuclear tests – nearly four of every five tests carried out at the NTS.

Yucca Flat has been called "the most irradiated, nuclear-blasted spot on the face of the earth". In March 2009, TIME identified the 1970 Yucca Flat Baneberry Test, where 86 workers were exposed to radiation, as one of the world's worst nuclear disasters.

Operation Buster–Jangle
Operation Buster–Jangle was a series of seven (six atmospheric, one cratering) nuclear weapons tests conducted by the United States in late 1951 at the Nevada Test Site. Buster–Jangle was the first joint test program between the DOD (Operation Buster) and Los Alamos National Laboratories (Operation Jangle). As part of Operation Buster, 6,500 troops were involved in the Operation Desert Rock I, II, and III exercises in conjunction with the tests. The last two tests, Operation Jangle, evaluated the cratering effects of low-yield nuclear devices. This series preceded Operation Tumbler–Snapper and followed Operation Greenhouse.
Diobsud Buttes
Diobsud Buttes are summits near the western edge of the North Cascades, in Skagit County of Washington state. Diobsud Buttes are located north of Marblemount, Washington, and Helen Buttes, along the shared boundary of North Cascades National Park and the Noisy-Diobsud Wilderness. The nearest higher neighbor is Logger Butte, 0.85 mi (1.37 km) to the north. Precipitation runoff from Diobsud Buttes drains into tributaries of the Skagit River.

Marblemount, Washington
Marblemount is a census-designated place in Skagit County, Washington, United States. The population was 286 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Mount Vernon–Anacortes, Washington Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Francis X. Morrissey
Francis Xavier Morrissey (May 21, 1910 – December 27, 2007) was a Massachusetts attorney who served as a judge on the Boston Municipal Court from 1958 to 1980. Morrissey was John F. Kennedy's secretary when Kennedy served as a congressman and senator.

Because of his connection to Kennedy, President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1965 nominated Morrissey to be a judge on the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. The American Bar Association rated Morrissey unqualified for the Federal judgeship. Questions were raised about Morrissey's honesty with the Senate about his resume and his legal education, which included a Georgia diploma mill law degree. After strong criticism from the bar and the press, Morrissey asked President Johnson to withdraw the nomination. The Boston Globe  in 1966 won the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service for its articles on Morrissey and his nomination to the Federal bench.

Common Ground (Lukas book)
Common Ground: A Turbulent Decade in the Lives of Three American Families is a nonfiction book by J. Anthony Lukas, published by Alfred A. Knopf in 1985, that examines race relations in Boston, Massachusetts, through the prism of desegregation busing.  It received the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, the National Book Award for Nonfiction,
and the National Book Critics Circle Award.

In addition to the family stories, Common Ground examines many of the issues related to busing, including the protest movements, the disaffection between the "two-toilet" Irish middle class and their working-class brethren, the impact of busing on national politics, and the evolution of the city's newsmedia.

A television miniseries based on the book aired in 1990.
Puerto Rico Highway 8
Puerto Rico Highway 8 (PR-8) is a main highway that serves as a third route from San Juan, Puerto Rico to Carolina, Puerto Rico; the others being PR-3 and PR-26. It is, still, a highly congested highway, noticeable when congestion jams are found on PR-17, where PR-8 begins, and it continues to PR-3. The first kilometers of PR-8 (east of PR-17) were known before as Puerto Rico Highway 4, but the Department of Transportation renumbered the entire highway PR-8 and there is no longer a PR-4. It ends at PR-3 near Carolina with a length of about 4.0 kilometers (2.5 mi).

Puerto Rico Highway 3
Puerto Rico Highway 3 (PR-3) at nearly 100 miles long, is the second-longest highway on Puerto Rico (after PR-2). It connects the San Juan neighborhood of Río Piedras to downtown Salinas indirectly around the eastern coast of the island. Highway 3 ranges from a three lane urban avenue in San Juan to a one lane rural road past Fajardo. While other roads connect San Juan, it runs the coastline of Puerto Rico east of San Juan, beginning in Río Piedras near Santurce (where it is known as the Avenida 65 de Infantería) and goes to Fajardo where it goes south paralleling the coastline to Humacao and Maunabo. It goes up to a mountain-scenic route and goes west to Salinas, where it meets PR-1.
1958 UCI Road World Championships
The 1958 UCI Road World Championships was the 31st edition of the UCI Road World Championships.

It took place from 30-31 August 1958 in Reims, France. The course partly ran over the Reims-Gueux circuit.

For the first time, a women's world championship was on the program. The race, with a course of 59 km (3 rounds), was won by Elsy Jacobs from Luxembourg with almost a three-minute lead. There were 29 participants.

The world title among the amateurs, who also rode on Saturday, went to the East German Gustav-Adolf Schur. He was the first German to become world amateur champion.

The men's professional road race had a course of 276 km (14 rounds). It was won by Italian Ercole Baldini.

In the same period, the 1958 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were organized in the Parc des Princes, Paris, France.

Reims-Gueux
The circuit Reims-Gueux was a motor racing circuit made up of rural public roads, located in Gueux, 8 km (5.0 mi) west of Reims in the Champagne region of north-eastern France, established in 1926 as the second venue of the Grand Prix de la Marne. The triangular layout of public roads formed three sectors between the villages of Thillois and Gueux over the La Garenne / Gueux intersection of Route nationale 31. The circuit became known to be among the fastest of the era for its two long straights (approximately 2.2 km; 1¼ miles in length each) allowing maximum straight-line speed, resulting in many famous slipstream battles.
Castlebawn
Castlebawn is a 16th-century tower house, in County Clare, Ireland. It is on a small island on Lough Derg on the River Shannon, it is connected to the shore of Bealkelly by a man-made causeway. It was built by the McNamaras about 1540, severely damaged in 1827, but is now restored although public access is not permitted to the castle.

Lough Derg (Shannon)
Lough Derg, historically Lough Dergart (Irish: Loch Deirgeirt), is a freshwater lake in the Shannon River Basin, Ireland. It is the third-biggest on the island of Ireland (after Lough Neagh and Lough Corrib) and the second largest lake in the Republic of Ireland.

It is a long, narrow lake, with shores in counties Clare (south-west), Galway (north-west), and Tipperary (to the east). It is the southernmost of three large lakes on the River Shannon; the others being Lough Ree and Lough Allen. Towns and villages on Lough Derg include Portumna, Killaloe & Ballina, Dromineer, Terryglass, Mountshannon and Garrykennedy.

The lake's name evolved from the Irish Loch Deirgdheirc. This was one of the names of The Dagda, the father of gods and men in Irish mythology, and literally means "red eye".

Lough Derg has many islands including Inis Cealtra or Holy Island.
John Phillips (educator)
John Phillips (December 27, 1719 – April 21, 1795) was an early American educator and the cofounder of Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire, along with his wife, Elizabeth Phillips. He was a major donor to Dartmouth College, where he served as a trustee. He also made significant donations to Harvard College and Princeton University.

Andover, Massachusetts
Andover is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. It was settled in 1642 and incorporated in 1646. At the 2020 census, the population was 36,569. It is located 20 miles (32 km) north of Boston and 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Lawrence. Part of the town comprises the census-designated place of Andover. It is twinned with its namesake: Andover, Hampshire, England.
WebScarab
WebScarab is a web security application testing tool. It serves as a proxy that intercepts and allows people to alter web browser web requests (both HTTP and HTTPS) and web server replies. WebScarab also may record traffic for further review.

In 2013 official development of WebScarab slowed. The project repository was archived on 4 April 2024. The website of the project was also archived and recommends using  OWASP's Zed Attack Proxy instead.

Web testing
Web testing is software testing that focuses on web applications. Complete testing of a web-based system before going live can help address issues before the system is revealed to the public. Issues may include the security of the web application, the basic functionality of the site, its accessibility to disabled and fully able users, its ability to adapt to the multitude of desktops, devices, and operating systems, as well as readiness for expected traffic and number of users and the ability to survive a massive spike in user traffic, both of which are related to load testing.
History of libraries
The history of libraries began with the first efforts to organize collections of documents. Topics of interest include accessibility of the collection, acquisition of materials, arrangement and finding tools, the book trade, the influence of the physical properties of the different writing materials, language distribution, role in education, rates of literacy, budgets, staffing, libraries for targeted audiences, architectural merit, patterns of usage, and the role of libraries in a nation's cultural heritage, and the role of government, church or private sponsorship. Computerization and digitization arose from the 1960s, and changed many aspects of libraries.

Imperial Library of Constantinople
The Imperial Library of Constantinople, in the capital city of the Byzantine Empire, was the last of the great libraries of the ancient world. Long after the destruction of the Great Library of Alexandria and the other ancient libraries, it preserved the knowledge of the ancient Greeks and Romans for almost 1,000 years. A series of unintentional fires over the years and wartime damage, including the raids of the Fourth Crusade in 1204, impacted the building and its contents. While there were many reports of texts surviving into the Ottoman era, no substantive portion of the library has ever been recovered. The library was founded by Constantius II (reigned 337–361 AD), who established a scriptorium so that the surviving works of Greek literature could be copied for preservation. The Emperor Valens in 372 employed four Greek and three Latin scribes. The majority of Greek classics known today are known through Byzantine copies originating from the Imperial Library of Constantinople.
Momphidae
The Momphidae, or mompha moths, is a family of moths with some 115 described species. It was described by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1857. These moths tend to be rather small with a wingspan of up to 21 mm. The wings are held folded over the body at rest. The larvae are concealed feeders, either as leaf miners or within seeds or stems.

Cosmopterigidae
The Cosmopterigidae  are a family of insects (cosmet moths) in the order Lepidoptera. These are small moths with narrow wings whose tiny larvae feed internally on the leaves, seeds and stems of their host plants. About 1500 species have been described. The taxonomic family is most diverse in the Australian and Pacific region with about 780 species.

Several genera formerly included here have been moved to the Agonoxeninae.
2007 North Wiltshire District Council election
Elections to North Wiltshire District Council were held on 3 May 2007.  The whole council was up for election, and the Conservatives gained overall control, winning thirty-nine of the fifty-four seats available.

This was the last election of district councillors to take place in North Wiltshire. The following year, a government review of local government determined that the four district councils of Wiltshire were to be merged with Wiltshire County Council to form a new unitary authority with effect from 1 April 2009, when North Wiltshire would be abolished and its councillors' term of office would end two years early.

Elections to the new unitary authority, Wiltshire Council, took place in June 2009.

2009 Wiltshire Council election
Elections to Wiltshire Council, a new unitary authority, were held on 4 June 2009.

The whole council of ninety-eight members was up for election, with each member to be elected in a single-member electoral division. None of the new electoral divisions was identical to any of the divisions or wards of the council's predecessors, Wiltshire County Council and the four district councils within its area, Kennet, North Wiltshire, Salisbury and West Wiltshire.

As with other county elections in England, these local elections in Wiltshire took place on the same day as the European elections of 2009. The 2005 Wiltshire County Council election, the last to the old county council, coincided with the general election of 2005, and the county elections of 1997 and 2001 had also coincided with general elections.
EasyHDR
EasyHDR is a High Dynamic Range (HDR) image processing software that merges differently exposed photographs into HDR radiance map and tone maps them. With a single photograph, easyHDR can be used to increase contrast and refresh colors (LDR enhancement mode).

Raw image format
A camera raw image file is a file that contains unprocessed data straight from a digital camera. Such data can later be changed into a photo, either within a digital camera itself or by usage of external tools. Raw files are so named because they are not yet processed, and contain large amounts of potentially redundant data. Normally, the image is processed by a raw converter, in a wide-gamut internal color space where precise adjustments can be made before conversion to a viewable photos for storage, printing, or further manipulation. There are dozens of raw formats in use by different manufacturers of digital image capture equipment.
Whitecaps (The Sopranos)
"Whitecaps" is the 52nd episode of the HBO television series The Sopranos, and the 13th and final episode of the show's fourth season. Written by the series creator/executive producer David Chase with executive producers Robin Green and Mitchell Burgess, it was directed by longtime series director John Patterson.

Originally aired in the U.S. on December 8, 2002, the episode attracted nearly 12.5 million viewers, more in its timeslot than any competing program on broadcast TV. Reviews of the episode were generally positive, and some publications ranked this episode among the best in the series.

Janice Soprano
Janice Soprano Baccalieri is a fictional character in the HBO television drama series The Sopranos and in the film The Many Saints of Newark. She is the eldest sibling of the show's protagonist, Tony Soprano (James Gandolfini). On the show, she is portrayed by Aida Turturro, and a young Janice appears in flashbacks portrayed by Madeline Blue and Juliet Fox. Alexandra Intrator portrays a young Janice Soprano in the 2021 prequel film, The Many Saints of Newark.
Herbert Brenon
Herbert Brenon (born Alexander Herbert Reginald St. John Brenon; 13 January 1880 – 21 June 1958) was an Irish-born U.S. film director, actor and screenwriter during the era of silent films through 1940. Brenon was among the early filmmakers who, before the rise of corporate film production, was a genuine "auteur", controlling virtually all creative and technical components in crafting his pictures.
The quality of Brenon's artistic output rivaled that of film pioneer D. W. Griffith.

Brenon was among the first directors to achieve celebrity status among moviegoers for his often spectacular cinematic inventions. Among his most notable films are Neptune's Daughter (1914), Peter Pan (1925), A Kiss for Cinderella (1925), and the original film version of Beau Geste (1926).

Charles Higham (biographer)
Charles Higham (/ˈhaɪəm/; 18 February 1931 – 21 April 2012) was an English author, editor and poet.

After moving to Australia in 1954, Higham began a career in journalism before moving to the United States in 1969. In the United States, he became known as a celebrity biographer, mainly of film stars, such as Katharine Hepburn and Errol Flynn. The latter book, among several during Higham's career, was criticized for fabrications. Close friends of another of his subjects, Orson Welles, in particular Peter Bogdanovich, were critical of Higham's interpretation of his career.
Development theory
Development theory is a collection of theories about how desirable change in society is best achieved. Such theories draw on a variety of social science disciplines and approaches. In this article, multiple theories are discussed, as are recent developments with regard to these theories. Depending on which theory that is being looked at, there are different explanations to the process of development and their inequalities.

Periphery countries
In world-systems theory, periphery countries are those that are less developed than the semi-periphery and core countries. These countries usually receive a disproportionately small share of global wealth. They have weak state institutions and are dependent on—and, according to some, exploited by—more developed countries. These countries are usually behind because of obstacles such as lack of technology, unstable government, and poor education and health systems. In some instances, the exploitation of periphery countries' agriculture, cheap labor, and natural resources aid core countries in remaining dominant. This is best described by dependency theory, which is one theory on how globalization can affect the world and the countries in it. It is, however, possible for periphery countries to rise out of their status and move into semi-periphery or core status. This can be done by doing things such as industrializing, stabilizing the government and political climate, etc.
MV Empire Faith
Empire Faith was a 7,061 GRT CAM ship that was built in 1941 by Barclay Curle & Co, Glasgow, Renfrewshire, United Kingdom for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Converted to a cargo ship in 1943, she was sold to a British company in 1946 and renamed Jessmore. In 1958, she was sold to a Panamanian company and renamed Antiope. A further sale in 1964 saw her renamed Global Venture. She served until 1971, when she was scrapped.

CAM ship
CAM ships were World War II–era British merchant ships used in convoys as a stop-gap until sufficient escort carriers became available. CAM ship is an acronym for catapult aircraft merchant ship.

The ships carried a rocket-propelled catapult to launch a Hawker Hurricane, dubbed a "Hurricat" or "Catafighter" to attack Luftwaffe aircraft. Normally the Hurricane fighter would be lost when the pilot bailed out or ditched in the ocean near the convoy. CAM ships continued to carry their normal cargoes after conversion.

The concept was developed and tested by the five fighter catapult ships, commissioned as warships and commanded and crewed by the Royal Navy – the CAM ships were ordinary merchant vessels, commanded and crewed by the Merchant Navy.
Broughton Astley railway station
Broughton Astley railway station was a railway station serving Broughton Astley in Leicestershire, England.

The station was opened on 30 June 1840 on the Midland Counties Railway main line to Rugby. In 1844 the Midland Counties joined the North Midland Railway and the Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway to form the Midland Railway.

Originally named Broughton, the station was renamed several times: on 1 July 1845 it became Broughton Astley, reverting to the original name on 1 October 1870, but became Broughton Astley permanently from 15 September 1879.

In 1857 the Midland completed a new main line south to Hitchin and the Leicester – Rugby section of the Midland Counties was relegated to a branch. British Railways closed the Leicester – Rugby line and its stations, including Broughton Astley which closed on 1 January 1962.

Broughton Astley
Broughton Astley is a large village and civil parish located in the Harborough district of Leicestershire, England. It is situated in the south of Leicestershire, about 6 miles (10 km) east of Hinckley, about 9 miles (14 km) from the centre of Leicester, and about 14 miles from Coventry. The parish borders the Blaby district to the north, as well as sharing borders with the parishes of Cosby, Leire, and Dunton Bassett. The population of the civil parish (which includes Sutton in the Elms) at the time of the 2011 census was 8,940. A tributary of the River Soar runs through it.
Andris Šics
Andris Šics (born 12 May 1985) is a former Latvian luger. He competed in the 2006, 2010 and 2014 Winter Olympics, and won a silver medal in the men's doubles event in 2010 and two bronze medals in 2014, alongside his teammate and elder brother Juris Šics. The Šics brothers' three medals mean they have won more Olympic medals than any other Latvian sportsperson.

Šics won six medals at the FIL World Luge Championships with two silvers (Mixed team: 2016, 2020) and four bronzes (Men's doubles: 2011, Mixed team: 2008, 2009, 2013). He also won 15 medals at the FIL European Luge Championships with three golds in 2008, 2010 and 2021, four silvers in 2014, 2016, 2018 and 2021, and eight bronzes in 2006, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. Šics' best European championship result is winning the men's doubles event with his brother in 2021, where the bronze medal was also won by a Latvian pair,  Mārtiņš Bots and Roberts Plūme.

FIL European Luge Championships 2018
The 2018 FIL European Luge Championships took place under the auspices of the International Luge Federation at Sigulda, Latvia from 27 to 28 January 2018. This was the fourth time Sigulda hosted the event.
Walter Pandiani
Walter Gerardo Pandiani Urquiza (born 27 April 1976) is a Uruguayan football manager and former player who played as a striker. He is the current manager of Tercera Federación club Palencia.

His performances for Peñarol earned him a move to Deportivo in Spain, where he remained for the vast majority of his career, also representing Mallorca, Espanyol (twice) and Osasuna. He also spent a year with Birmingham City in England.

Over 12 seasons, Pandiani amassed La Liga totals of 279 games and 82 goals.

2015–16 Swiss Challenge League
The 2015-16 Swiss Challenge League, known for sponsorship reasons as the Brack.ch Challenge League, was the 13th season of the Swiss Challenge League, the second tier in the Swiss football pyramid. It began on 18 July 2015 and ended on 27 May 2016. After the 18th matchday the league will be on winter break between 7 December 2015 and 6 February 2016.