hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vanaspati (raga)
Vanaspati (meaning the lord of the forest) is a ragam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 4th melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgams of Carnatic music, following the Katapayadi sankhya system. In the Muthuswami Dikshitar school of music, this raga is called Bhānumati.

Arohana
Arohana, arohanam, aroh or aroha, in the context of Indian classical music, is the ascending scale of notes in a raga. The pitch increases as we go up from Shadja (Sa) to the Taar Shadja (Sa), possibly in a crooked (vakra) manner.

It contrasts with an avarohana, avarohanam or avaroha the descending scale of any raga. The notes descend in pitch from the upper tonic (taar shadja or Sa) down to the lower tonic, possibly in a crooked (vakra) manner.
N-body units
N-body units are a completely self-contained system of units used for N-body simulations of self-gravitating systems in astrophysics. In this system, the base physical units are chosen so that the total mass, M, the gravitational constant, G, and the virial radius, R, are normalized. The underlying assumption is that the system of N objects (stars) satisfies the virial theorem. The consequence of standard N-body units is that the velocity dispersion of the system, v, is  and that the dynamical or crossing time, t, is .
The use of standard N-body units was advocated by Michel Hénon in 1971. Early adopters of this system of units included H. Cohn in 1979 and D. Heggie and R. Mathieu in 1986. At the conference MODEST14 in 2014, D. Heggie proposed that the community abandon the name "N-body units" and replace it with the name "Hénon units" to commemorate the originator.

N-body simulation
In physics and astronomy, an N-body simulation is a simulation of a dynamical system of particles, usually under the influence of physical forces, such as gravity (see n-body problem for other applications). N-body simulations are widely used tools in astrophysics, from investigating the dynamics of few-body systems like the Earth-Moon-Sun system to understanding the evolution of the large-scale structure of the universe. In physical cosmology, N-body simulations are used to study processes of non-linear structure formation such as galaxy filaments and galaxy halos from the influence of dark matter. Direct N-body simulations are used to study the dynamical evolution of star clusters.
George Gregan
George Musarurwa Gregan AM (born 19 April 1973) is a former rugby union player who played as scrum-half. Born in Lusaka, Zambia, Gregan represented Australia at an international level, and is Australia's second most capped player.

He played in the Super 12 for the Brumbies from the inception of that competition in 1996 through 2007, helping to lead them to overall victories in 2001 and 2004. He is a foundation Brumbies player and his career spanned both the amateur and professional eras.  As a member of the Wallabies team, Gregan won the Rugby World Cup in 1999. His time as Australian captain included a Bledisloe Cup win in 2002 and an extra-time loss to England in the 2003 Rugby World Cup final. Gregan and his longtime Wallabies teammate, fly-half Stephen Larkham, also hold the all-time record for Test appearances by a halfback partnership with 79.

The Rugby Championship
The Rugby Championship, formerly known as the Tri Nations Series (1996–2011), is an international rugby union competition contested by Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. These are traditionally the four highest-ranked national teams in the Southern Hemisphere.

The competition is administered by SANZAAR, a consortium consisting of four national governing bodies: the South African Rugby Union (SARU), New Zealand Rugby (NZR), Rugby Australia (RA) and the Argentine Rugby Union (UAR). The inaugural Tri Nations Series tournament was in 1996, and was won by New Zealand. South Africa won their first title in 1998, and Australia their first in 2000. Following the last Tri Nations Series tournament in 2011, New Zealand had won ten championships, with South Africa and Australia on three titles each. The first Rugby Championship was won by New Zealand, who won all six of their matches.
Gilbert Padilla
Gilbert Padilla (born December 1927) is an American labor leader and civil rights activist who, along with Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA), which later became the United Farm Workers of America (UFW). In his position as Chavez's right-hand man, he served as vice president of the NWFA and then secretary-treasurer in the UFW. He helped to build the UFW through organizing union membership drives, boycotts, and strikes. In 1965, Padilla was the center of the rent strike in Tulare County. He and Jim Drake challenged the California state government for a sudden rent hike in labor camps where the buildings were long past their demolition date; it helped garner attention for the grape strike later in the year.

Jim Drake (labor organizer)
James Lynn Drake (December 25, 1937 – September 3, 2001) was an American minister, labor organizer, and community leader. A longtime associate of César Chávez, Drake helped organize the early United Farm Workers (UFW) movement and later played a central role in grassroots campaigns for workers' rights, housing, and education across the United States.
Thawathotsamat
Thawathotsamat (Thai: ทวาทศมาส, pronounced [tʰā.wāː.tʰót.sā.mâːt]; lit. 'Twelve Months') is a poem of 1,042 lines in Thai, probably composed in the late fifteenth century CE. The title is a Thai adaptation of the Pali-Sanskrit words dvā dasa māsa, two ten months. The male speaker laments over a lost lover through the course of one year, drawing on the seasonal weather for similes of his emotions. Both the speaker and beloved are addressed with royal forms. A late verse declares that the poem was written by a "young-king" with the help of three court poets. The work has sometimes been mistakenly classified as a treatise on Siamese royal ceremonies. The work is less studied and less well-known than other early works of Thai literature, partly because of the obscurity of its archaic language, and partly because of conservative concerns over its erotic passages. A new annotated Thai edition appeared in 2017.

National Library of Thailand
The National Library of Thailand (Thai: หอสมุดแห่งชาติ, RTGS: Ho Samut Haeng Chat [hɔ̌ː.sà.mùt.hɛ̀ŋ.tɕʰâːt]) is the legal depositary and copyright library for Thailand. It was officially established on 12 October 1905, after the merger of the three existing royal libraries, and is one of the oldest national libraries in Asia. It operates under the jurisdiction of the Fine Arts Department of the Ministry of Culture in Bangkok, Thailand.

For the fiscal year of 2023, the National Library of Thailand had a budget of just under 37 million THB, equivalent to a little over 1 million USD. In this same year, the library employed 135 staff, held over 5 million physical items, and was visited by over 200,000 patrons.
Castenedolo
Castenedolo (Brescian: Castignidol) is a comune in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy.  It is bounded by other communes of Montichiari and San Zeno Naviglio.  The commune is situated in the plain southeast of Brescia.

Montichiari
Montichiari (Brescian: Munticiàr) is a town and comune in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy. It received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on December 27, 1991.
The town is home to the Gabriele D'Annunzio airport (Italian: Aeroporto Gabriele D'Annunzio), the fair center Centro Fiera del Garda and the Bonoris castle (Italian: Castello Bonoris).

Giovanni Treccani, publisher of the eponymous encyclopedia, was born in Montichiari.
ISO/IEC 9995
ISO/IEC 9995 Information technology — Keyboard layouts for text and office systems is an ISO/IEC standard series defining layout principles for computer keyboards. It provides the base for national and industry standards which define such layouts.

The project of this standard was adopted by ISO in 1985 under the proposition of Dr Yves Neuville. The ISO/IEC 9995 standard series dates back to 1994 and has undergone several updates over the years. The last major revision was published in December 2025 and January 2026.

QWERTY
QWERTY (/ˈkwɜːrti/ KWUR-tee) is a keyboard layout for Latin-script alphabets; the name comes from the order of the first six keys on the top letter row of the keyboard: QWERTY. The design evolved for the quick typing of English on typewriters.

The QWERTY design is based on a layout included on the Sholes and Glidden typewriter sold by E. Remington and Sons from 1874. The layout became popular with the success of the Remington No. 2 of 1878 and remains in widespread use as a de facto standard on computers, as of 2026. Two prominent alternatives, Dvorak and Colemak, have been developed.  In Europe, two types of modified layouts, QWERTZ and AZERTY, are used predominantly for German and French, respectively.
Kurniawan Karman
Kurniawan Karman (born 29 March 1991) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays for Liga 2 club Sumsel United. Mainly a full-back, he can also operate as a central midfielder or right midfielder.

2012 Hassanal Bolkiah Trophy
The 2012 Hassanal Bolkiah Trophy was the fourth edition of the invitational tournament hosted by Brunei. The tournament took place in Brunei between 25 February and 5 March 2012. The competition is for players under the age of 22 and is being held only for the fourth time after 2002, 2005 and 2007. The tournament was not held in 2009 following the suspension imposed on the Brunei Amateur Football Association (BAFA) by FIFA. The organisers of the Hassanal Bolkiah Trophy 2012 have offered US$15,500 as reward for the champions. Originally, all ASEAN teams were supposed to participate at Hassanal Bolkiah Trophy 2012 (HBT 2012). However, Thailand eventually withdrew before any match were played.

Brunei emerged as the champion after beating Indonesia by 2–0 in the final, while both Myanmar and Vietnam shared the third place.
GWR oil burning steam locomotives
The Great Western Railway (GWR) experimented with oil burning steam locomotives at two points in its history. A single experimental tank engine was constructed to burn oil in 1902, and 37 engines of four different classes were converted to burn oil between 1946 and 1950. Neither experiment resulted in the long-term use of oil as fuel for steam locomotives. A single pannier tank locomotive was also converted under British Rail in 1958.

GWR 2800 Class
The Great Western Railway (GWR) 2800 Class is a class of steam locomotive designed in 1903 by George Jackson Churchward. Members of the class have a 2-8-0 wheel arrangement and were produced from 1905 to 1919 for heavy freight work, but members of the class were known to pull passenger trains when necessary. Six locomotives of this class have been preserved. The class was iterated upon by Charles Collett to create the 2884 class, constructed later in 1938.
Ulladulla to Merimbula Important Bird Area
The Ulladulla to Merimbula Important Bird Area comprises a strip of coastal and subcoastal land stretching along the southern coastline of New South Wales, Australia. It is an important site for swift parrots.

South Coast (New South Wales)
The South Coast refers to the narrow coastal belt from the Shoalhaven district in the north to the state border with Victoria in the south in the south-eastern part of the State of New South Wales, Australia. It is bordered to the west by the coastal escarpment of the Southern Tablelands, and is largely covered by a series of national parks, namely Jervis Bay National Park, Eurobodalla National Park, and Beowa National Park. To the east is the coastline of the Pacific Ocean, which is characterised by rolling farmlands, small towns and villages along a rocky coastline, interspersed by numerous beaches and lakes.

The South Coast includes Shoalhaven district in the north and the Bega Valley in the more remote south as well as the Eurobodalla Shire and the Commonwealth Jervis Bay Territory which is adjacent to the City of Shoalhaven Local Government Area. Some definitions of the region include the Illawarra, but it is often seen as a separate and distinct region of New South Wales.
Miles Island
Miles Island is a rocky island six kilometres (three nautical miles) long, lying just north of Booth Peninsula in the Mariner Islands, Antarctica. It was mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in 1946–1947, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for R.A. Miles, an air crewman on Operation Highjump photographic flights in this area and other coastal areas between 14° and 164° East longitude.

Mariner Islands
The Mariner Islands are a group of rocky islands and rocks forming the north-central group of the Highjump Archipelago, bounded by Edisto Channel on the west, Gossard Channel on the south, and Remenchus Glacier on the east. They were mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names to commemorate the discovery of a large ice-free region at the west end of the Knox Coast by the crew of a Martin PBM Mariner seaplane commanded by D.E. Bunger. During photographic reconnaissance of this coastal area in January 1947, the aircraft landed on one of the inlets indenting the Bunger Hills and ground-level photographs and water samples were obtained at that time.
Nekhen (nome)
Nekhen was the name of the third Upper Egyptian nome (province). Nekhen is also the Egyptian name of Hierakonpolis, one of the main towns in the province. During the Ptolemaic Greek and Roman eras, the province was called Latopolites, for Esna was in this period the main town and its Greek name was Latopolis or Letopolis. The main towns in the province were Nekhen, Elkab and Esna. The province is already mentioned in inscriptions of the Old Kingdom.

Nome (Egypt)
A nome (/noʊm/, from Ancient Greek: νομός, nomós, "district") was a territorial division in ancient Egypt.

Each nome was ruled by a nomarch (Ancient Egyptian: ḥrj tp ꜥꜣ, "Great Chief"). The number of nomes changed through the various periods of the history of ancient Egypt.
Dick Deschaine
Dick Deschaine (April 28, 1932 – May 20, 2018) was a former punter in the National Football League.

Deschaine was born on April 28, 1932, in Menominee, Michigan. He played with the Green Bay Packers for three seasons. During his final season in the NFL, he played with the Cleveland Browns. His career punting average was 42.3 yards.

Deschaine was one of the few NFL players to have never played college football. He died on May 20, 2018.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
688th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
The 688th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 31st Air Division, Aerospace Defense Command, stationed at Amarillo Air Force Base, Texas. It was inactivated on 8 September 1968.

The unit was a General Surveillance Radar squadron providing for the air defense of the United States.

31st Air Division
The 31st Air Division (31st AD) is an inactive United States Air Force organization.  Its last assignment was with Air Defense Command, assigned to Tenth Air Force, being stationed at Sioux City Municipal Airport, Iowa.  It was inactivated on 31 December 1969.
Kyphocarpa
Kyphocarpa is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Amaranthaceae. It is in the Amaranthoideae subfamily.

Its native range is southern tropical (within Angola, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe) and southern Africa (with Botswana, Namibia, Eswatini) and also parts of South Africa (within the Cape Provinces, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and the Northern Provinces).

It was first described and published in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Vol.27 on page 42 in 1899.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
2020–21 Detroit City FC season
The 2020–21 season was a championship winning season for Detroit City FC in the National Independent Soccer Association. This was the club's second professional season since being established in 2012, and their first full season in NISA.

After the cancellation of the 2020 NISA Spring season the association confirmed that the 2020–21 season would take place as normal, under local guidelines for social distancing and restrictions for fan attendance.

Detroit City FC
Detroit City FC is an American professional soccer club based in Detroit, Michigan, that competes in the USL Championship. The club played in the National Premier Soccer League from 2012 to 2019 and the National Independent Soccer Association in 2020 and 2021. Detroit City plays its home matches at Keyworth Stadium in Hamtramck, an enclave of Detroit. A new stadium, AlumniFi Field in southwestern Detroit, is planned to open in 2027.

The team's nickname is Le Rouge, derived from Detroit's French roots and the River Rouge that flows through Detroit and many of its suburbs. As well as fielding a men's professional team, Detroit City also fields a women's outdoor team in the USL W League and an indoor team in the MASLW, a reserve and academy team competing in United Premier Soccer League and USL Academy, and various youth teams throughout Southeast and Mid Michigan.
London Philharmonic Choir
The London Philharmonic Choir (LPC) is one of the leading independent British choirs in the United Kingdom based in London. The patron is Princess Alexandra, The Hon Lady Ogilvy and Sir Mark Elder is president. The choir, comprising more than 200 members, holds charitable status and is governed by a committee of 6 elected directors. As a charity, its aims are to promote, improve, develop and maintain education in the appreciation of the art and science of music by the presentation of public concerts.

Roger Norrington
Sir Roger Arthur Carver Norrington (16 March 1934 – 18 July 2025) was an English conductor, best known for historically informed performances of baroque, classical, and romantic music, which often entailed minimal use of vibrato and applying historically informed principles to modern orchestras.

He was the musical director at the Kent Opera, the London Classical Players, Bournemouth Sinfonietta and Orchestra of St. Luke's. From the 1990s he was the principal conductor of the Camerata Salzburg and Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra, where he developed the "Stuttgart Sound". He was a guest conductor for major orchestras and an advisor to musical societies.
Renault Clio Cup
The Renault Clio Cup Series is a one-make racing series created and managed by Alpine Racing (until 2020 known as Renault Sport). The championship was born after merging the 4 active Renault Clio national cups at that moment plus the Clio Cup Europe.

Renault 5
The Renault 5 is a supermini car produced by the French manufacturer Renault from 1972 to 1996 over two generations. It is a hatchback with either three or five doors and seating for five passengers. The first generation (also known as the R5 or Le Car), which was made from 1972 to 1985, has a front mid-engine, front-wheel-drive layout. The second generation (also known as the Super 5 or Supercinq), which was produced from 1984 to 1996, has a front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout.

The R5 was marketed in the United States and Canada as Le Car, from 1976 until 1983. Renault marketed a four-door saloon car variant, the Renault 7, manufactured from 1974 until 1984 in Spain by Renault's subsidiary FASA-Renault and exported to select markets.

The Renault 5 became the best-selling car in France from 1972 until 1986, with a total production exceeding 5.5 million over 14 years, making it France's most popular car.
Arianitto Arianiti
Arianitto Arianiti (died 16 November 1551), self-styled as Arianitto Comneno (Latin: Arianita Comnenus), was a 16th-century Italian nobleman of Albanian descent, the only son of the diplomat and pretender Constantine Arianiti. After his father's death in 1530, Arianitto continued Constantine's pretensions, styling himself as the 'Prince of Macedonia', but dropping the other titles used by his father. He served as a captain in the papal army in Rome until his death in battle in 1551, which ended the male line of the Arianiti family in Italy.

Arianiti family
The Arianiti were a noble Albanian family that ruled large parts of Albania and neighboring territories from the 11th to the 16th century. Their domain stretched across the Shkumbin valley and the old Via Egnatia road and reached east to today's Bitola.
2020 European Men's U-20 Handball Championship
The 2020 European Men's U-20 Handball Championship was going to be the 13th edition of the European Men's U-20 Handball Championship, and was planned to be held in Poreč, Croatia from 7 to 17 January 2021.

It was originally scheduled to take place from 2 to 12 July 2020 in Innsbruck, Austria and Brixen, Italy. On 27 October 2020, the EHF cancelled the tournament due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

European Men's U-20 Handball Championship
The European Men's U-20 Handball Championship is the official competition for junior men's national handball teams of Europe, held by the European Handball Federation every two years.

In addition to crowning the European champions, the tournament also serves as a qualifying tournament for the IHF Junior World Handball Championship.
Star Black (wrestler)
Star Black (born October 18, 1993) is the ring name of a Mexican Luchador enmascarado, or masked professional wrestler. He works for the Mexican wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), portraying a tecnico ("Good guy") wrestling character. His real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans.

Wrestling mask
A wrestling mask is a fabric-based mask that some professional wrestlers wear as part of their in-ring persona or gimmick. Professional wrestlers have been using masks as far back as 1915 and they are still widely used today, especially in Mexican lucha libre.
Alexandra Höglund
Women's association football portal

Alexandra Höglund (born 18 September 1990) is a Swedish football forward who has played for Djurgårdens IF. She has played Damallsvenskan football for Djurgårdens IF and Bälinge IF.

Djurgårdens IF Fotboll (women)
Djurgårdens IF (Swedish: [ˈjʉ̂ːrˌɡoːɖɛns iːɛf];  formerly known as Djurgården/Älvsjö (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈjʉ̂ːrˌɡoːɖɛn ɛlvɧø]) 2003–2007), commonly known as Djurgården, or (especially locally) Djurgår'n ([ˈjʉ̌ː(r)ɡɔɳ]), is a women's football club from Stockholm, Sweden. The team play their home games at the Stockholm Olympic Stadium and is affiliated to Stockholms Fotbollförbund.
Asparagus densiflorus
Asparagus densiflorus (among several species colloquially called  asparagus ferns; no relation to actual ferns), or the foxtail fern (asparagus) or plume fern, is a variable, evergreen-perennial plant related to cultivated, edible asparagus.

It is native to southern Africa, from Mozambique to South Africa, but is widely cultivated.

Asparagus
Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) or garden asparagus is a perennial flowering plant species in the genus Asparagus native to Eurasia. Widely cultivated as a vegetable crop, its young shoots are used as a spring vegetable.