hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Outline of life extension
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to life extension:

Life extension – study of slowing down or reversing the processes of aging to extend both the maximum and average lifespan. Also known as anti-aging medicine, experimental gerontology, and biomedical gerontology.

Timeline of aging research
This timeline lists notable events in the history of research into senescence or biological aging, including the research and development of life extension methods, brain aging delay methods and rejuvenation.

People have long been interested in making their lives longer and healthier. The most ancient Egyptian, Indian and Chinese books contain reasoning about aging. Ancient Egyptians used garlic in large quantities to extend their lifespan. Hippocrates (c. 460 – c. 370 BCE), in his Aphorisms, and Aristotle (384–322 BCE), in On youth and old age, expressed their opinions about reasons for old age and gave advice about lifestyle. Medieval Persian physician Ibn Sina (c. 980 – 1037), known in the West as Avicenna, summarized the achievements of earlier generations about this issue.
Philip Henslowe
Philip Henslowe (c. 1550 – 6 January 1616) was an Elizabethan theatrical entrepreneur and impresario. Henslowe's modern reputation rests on the survival of his diary, a primary source for information about the theatrical world of Renaissance London.

Globe Theatre
The Globe Theatre was a theatre in London associated with William Shakespeare. It was built in 1599 at Southwark, close to the south bank of the Thames, by Shakespeare's playing company, the Lord Chamberlain's Men. It was destroyed by fire on 29 June 1613. A second Globe Theatre was built on the same site by June 1614 and stayed open until the  London theatre closures of 1642. As well as plays by Shakespeare, early works by Ben Jonson, Thomas Dekker and John Fletcher were first performed here.

A modern reconstruction of the Globe, named "Shakespeare's Globe", opened in 1997 approximately 750 feet (230 m) from the site of the original theatre.
2011 Toronto Blue Jays season
The 2011 Toronto Blue Jays season was the 35th season of Major League Baseball's Toronto Blue Jays franchise, and the 22nd full season of play (23rd overall) at the Rogers Centre. It was also the first season with John Farrell as the team's manager. The Blue Jays had an up-and-down season, finishing with an 81–81 record, in fourth place in the American League East.

John Farrell (baseball manager)
John Edward Farrell (born August 4, 1962) is an American former baseball pitcher, coach, and manager in Major League Baseball (MLB). During his eight-season playing career, Farrell was a member of the Cleveland Indians, California Angels, and Detroit Tigers. He was the pitching coach for the Boston Red Sox from 2007 to 2010, before serving as manager of the Toronto Blue Jays from 2011 to 2012. He returned to the Red Sox as their manager in 2013, winning the World Series with them in his first year, and led the team until 2017. Since 2018, he has held a scouting position with the Cincinnati Reds.
San Gil
San Gil is a town and municipality in the Department of Santander in northeastern Colombia, located roughly 300 km (192 mi) from Bogotá and 95 km from the department's capital, Bucaramanga. As of 2020, San Gil had a population of 51,874 within the urban area, making it the third largest urban area in the department, after Bucaramanga and Barrancabermeja. Founded in 1689, San Gil is over 300 years old. It was officially named the tourist capital of the region in 2004, thanks to its outdoor activity opportunities such as rafting, caving, kayaking and hiking.

Barrancabermeja
Barrancabermeja (Spanish: [baraŋkaβeɾˈmexa]) is a municipality and city in Colombia, located on the shore of the Magdalena River, in the western part of the department of Santander. It is home to the largest oil refinery in the country, under direct management of ECOPETROL. Barrancabermeja is known as the Oil Capital of Colombia.

It is located 114 km west of Bucaramanga, on the banks of the Magdalena River in the Middle Magdalena region, which is the largest municipality and second in the entire department.

Barrancabermeja has high temperatures all year round. It is considered to be one of the hottest cities in Colombia. It is surrounded by water resources which make it very humid.
Fortifications of Portsmouth
The fortifications of Portsmouth are extensive due to its strategic position on the English Channel and role as home to the Royal Navy. For this reason, Portsmouth was, by the 19th century, one of the most fortified cities in the world. The fortifications have evolved over the centuries in response to changes in tactics and technology and the area defended has increased. While the first defences focused on Portsmouth Harbour, in step with the fortifications of Gosport, later defensive structures protected the whole of Portsea Island and an increasing distance inland. At the same time, the fortifications of Portsmouth and Gosport became part of the wider fortifications of the Solent. Old Portsmouth, on the southwest corner of Portsea Island, has been walled for much of its history.

Fort Cumberland (England)
Fort Cumberland is a pentagonal artillery fortification erected to guard the entrance to Langstone Harbour, east of the Dockyard of Portsmouth on the south coast of England. It was sited to protect the Royal Navy Dockyard, by preventing enemy forces from landing in Langstone Harbour and attacking from the landward side. Fort Cumberland is widely recognised as the finest example of a bastion trace fort in England. It is a scheduled monument and a Grade II* listed building
Telita Crosland
Telita Crosland is a retired United States Army lieutenant general who served as director of the Defense Health Agency from 3 January 2023 to 28 February 2025. She previously served as deputy surgeon general of the United States Army.

Surgeon General of the United States Army
The surgeon general of the United States Army is the senior-most officer of the U.S. Army Medical Department (AMEDD). By policy, the surgeon general (TSG) serves as commanding general, U.S. Army Medical Command (MEDCOM) as well as head of the AMEDD. The surgeon general's office and staff are known as the Office of the Surgeon General (OTSG) and are located in Falls Church, Virginia.

Since 1959, TSG has been appointed in the grade of lieutenant general. By law, TSG may be appointed from any of the six officer branches of the AMEDD. However, prior to the 43rd surgeon general, Lt. Gen. Patricia Horoho — an Army Nurse Corps officer — all appointed and confirmed surgeons general have been Medical Corps officers — military physicians. The incumbent surgeon general is Lieutenant General Mary K. Izaguirre.
728 Leonisis
728 Leonisis is an asteroid of the Flora family, discovered by Austrian astronomer Johann Palisa on 16 February 1912 from Vienna.

There is some uncertainty as to its spectral class. It has been previously placed in the rare A and Ld classes. These are generally "stony" spectra, but with significant deviations from the usual S-type. The unusual spectrum brings Leonisis' membership in the Flora family into doubt.

Photometric observations of this asteroid from the Organ Mesa Observatory in Las Cruces, New Mexico, during 2010 gave a light curve with a period of 5.5783 ± 0.0002 hours and a brightness variation of 0.20 ± 0.04 magnitude.

Flora family
The Flora family (adj. Florian; FIN: 402; also known as the Ariadne family) is a prominent family of stony asteroids located in the inner region of the asteroid belt. It is one of the largest families with more than 13,000 known members, or approximately 3.5% of all main-belt asteroids.

The origin and properties of this family are relatively poorly understood. It is a very broad family which gradually fades into the surrounding background population. While the largest members, 8 Flora and 43 Ariadne, are located near the edge, there are several distinct groupings within the family, possibly created by later, secondary collisions. Due to this complex internal structure and the poorly defined boundaries, the Flora family has also been described as an asteroid clan. Only a few interlopers have been identified. This family may be the source of the impactor that formed the Chicxulub crater, the likely culprit in the extinction of the dinosaurs.
Khurin, Varamin
Khurin (Persian: خورين) is a village in, and the capital of, Behnampazuki-ye Jonubi Rural District in the Central District of Varamin County, Tehran province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Baqerabad, now the city of Baqershahr.

Central District (Varamin County)
The Central District of Varamin County (Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان ورامین) is in Tehran province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Varamin. The previous capital of the district was the city of Qarchak, now the capital of Qarchak County.
Ministry of Finance (Palau)
The Ministry of Finance is a government agency of Palau, responsible for public finances of Palau. The ministry is located in Ngerulmud. The vision of the ministry includes to promote productivity of government services, and economic growth. The ministry employs about 11 to 50 persons.

The ministry is headed by Minister of Finance, who is member of the Cabinet of Palau. The Minister is nominated by President of Palau and needs to be confirmed by the Senate of Palau. Before the creation of the Ministry of Finance, there was a cabinet portfolio of Minister of Administration, who was also responsible for the treasury.

Senate of Palau
The Senate of Palau is the upper house of the Palau National Congress (Olbiil era Kelulau). The Senate members are elected to serve four-year terms in multi-seat constituencies. Since January 2025, the Senate has 15 members. No political parties exist. The most recent election was held in November 2024.
Kestenga
Kestenga (Russian: Кестеньга; Karelian: Kiestinki; Finnish: Kiestinki) is a rural village in the Loukhsky District of the Republic of Karelia in Russia on the northern shore of Lake Topozero.

It is the administrative centre of the Kestenga rural settlement. 
There is a railway station on the Loukhi-Pyaozersky line.
As of the 2013 Census, its population was 1,117.

The village was at the center of the Battle of Kestenga in 1941 between the Finnish and Soviet Army during the Continuation War.

Pyaozersky
Pyaozersky (Russian: Пяозе́рский; Karelian: Piäjärvi; Finnish: Pääjärvi) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Loukhsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located on the shore of Lake Pyaozero, 700 kilometers (430 mi) northwest of Petrozavodsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 2,098.
Shaquille McDonald
Shaquille Alphonso McDonald (born 19 July 1995) is a British footballer who plays  as a forward.

He played four League Two games for Cheltenham Town on loan in 2015, while also signing for Football League sides Peterborough United, York City and Derby County without making a first-team appearance. He spent most of his career in non-league football.

Mickleover F.C.
Mickleover Football Club is a football club based in the Mickleover suburb of Derby, Derbyshire, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Division One Midlands and play at Station Road. The club were formed as Mickleover Old Boys in 1948, before becoming Mickleover Sports in the 1990s. In 2020 the club dropped "Sports" from its name.
Synemon nais
Synemon nais, the orange sun-moth, is a moth in the Castniidae family. It is found in Australia, including Victoria, South Australia and south-eastern Western Australia.

The wingspan is about 27 mm for males and 30 mm for females.

Adults are on wing from mid-October to mid-November.

The larvae probably feed on Austrodanthonia setacea and Austrostipa species.

Castniidae
Castniidae, or castniid moths, is a small family of moths with fewer than 200 species: The majority are Neotropical with some in Australia and a few in south-east Asia. These are medium-sized to very large moths, usually with drab, cryptically marked forewings and brightly coloured hindwings. They have clubbed antennae and are day flying, and are often mistaken for butterflies. Indeed, some previous classification systems placed this family within the butterflies or skippers. The Neotropical species are commonly known as giant butterfly-moths, the Australian and Asian species as sun moths. The larvae are internal feeders, often on roots of epiphytes or on monocotyledons.
Pisces Overdensity
The Pisces Overdensity is a clump of stars in the Milky Way's halo, which may be a disrupted dwarf spheroidal galaxy. It is situated in the Pisces constellation and was discovered in 2009 by analysis of distribution of RR Lyrae stars in the data obtained by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey's data.  The galaxy is located at the distance of about 80 kpc from the Sun and moves towards it with a speed of about 75 km/s.

The Pisces Overdensity is one of the faintest satellites of the Milky Way. Its mass is estimated to be at least 105 Solar masses. However it has a large size of about several degrees (around 1 kpc) and may be in a transitional phase between a gravitationally bound galaxy and completely unbound system.  The Pisces Overdensity is located near the plane, where the Magellanic Clouds lie.  There may exist a connection between the Magellanic Stream and this galaxy.

Dwarf spheroidal galaxy
A dwarf spheroidal galaxy (dSph) is a term in astronomy applied to small, low-luminosity galaxies with very little dust and an older stellar population. They are found in the Local Group as companions to the Milky Way and as systems that are companions to the Andromeda Galaxy (M31). While similar to dwarf elliptical galaxies in appearance and properties such as little to no gas or dust or recent star formation, they are approximately spheroidal in shape and generally have lower luminosity.
Bingo in the Philippines
The game of bingo in the Philippines was introduced and spread by Christian missionaries and churches. Bingo were often played in perias (singular: peria) held during fiestas held in the barrios. In modern-day Philippines, bingo is usually used for charity purposes and as a fundraising tool by religious organizations and other groups. The first nationwide e-linked bingo game using "hi-tech communication equipment and videoconferencing technology" was sponsored by the Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation on June 12, 2013, from the World Trade Center in Pasay, known as "Shower of Millions Bingo" (the total cash prize was P12.4 million). The game was being played while participants were at different branches of the Casino Filipino. The ticket for 10 bingo games cost P3,000. A popular televised bingo game program in the Philippines is the Pinoy Bingo Night.

Bingo (British version)
Bingo is a game of probability in which players mark off numbers on cards as the numbers are drawn randomly by a caller, the winner being the first person to mark off all their numbers. Bingo, traditionally known as Housey-Housey, became increasingly popular across the UK following the Betting and Gaming Act 1960 with more purpose-built bingo halls opened every year until 2005. Since 2005, bingo halls have seen a marked decline in revenues and many have closed. The number of bingo clubs in Britain dropped from nearly 600 in 2005 to under 400 in 2014. These closures have been blamed on high taxes, the smoking ban, and the rise in online gambling.

In Quebec, this game is called Kinzo. In India, it is known as Tambola.

Bingo played in the UK (90-ball bingo) is distinct from bingo played in the US (75-ball bingo), which has a square ticket layout and a different style of calling.
Cycloseris distorta
Cycloseris distorta is a species of disc coral in the family Fungiidae. It is a free-living, solitary coral and is native to the tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific region where it is found on soft sediment in shallow water.

Fungiidae
The Fungiidae (/fəŋˈɡiːɪdi/) are a family of Cnidaria, commonly known as mushroom corals or plate corals. The family contains thirteen extant genera. They range from solitary corals to colonial species. Some genera such as Cycloseris and Fungia are solitary organisms, Polyphyllia consists of a single organism with multiple mouths, and Ctenactis and Herpolitha might be considered as solitary organisms with multiple mouths or a colony of individuals, each with its separate mouth.
Qikiqtagafaaluk
Qikiqtagafaaluk, formerly Admiralty Island, is an uninhabited, irregularly shaped Arctic island in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is located in the Victoria Strait, south of Victoria Island's Collinson Peninsula.

Collinson Peninsula
The Collinson Peninsula is located on eastern Victoria Island in Canada's Nunavut territory. The Storkenson Peninsula lies to the north, while M'Clintock Channel is to the east.

It is named after Richard Collinson, officer of the Royal Navy, and Arctic explorer who voyaged through this area in 1853.
Big-little-big lemma
In the mathematics of paper folding, the big-little-big lemma is a necessary condition for a crease pattern with specified mountain folds and valley folds to be able to be folded flat. It differs from Kawasaki's theorem, which characterizes the flat-foldable crease patterns in which a mountain-valley assignment has not yet been made. Together with Maekawa's theorem on the total number of folds of each type, the big-little-big lemma is one of the two main conditions used to characterize the flat-foldability of mountain-valley assignments for crease patterns that meet the conditions of Kawasaki's theorem. Mathematical origami expert Tom Hull calls the big-little-big lemma "one of the most basic rules" for flat foldability of crease patterns.

Maekawa's theorem
Maekawa's theorem is a theorem in the mathematics of paper folding named after Jun Maekawa. It relates to flat-foldable origami crease patterns and states that at every vertex, the numbers of valley and mountain folds always differ by two in either direction. The same result was also discovered by Jacques Justin and, even earlier, by S. Murata.
Thomas Hayter
Thomas Hayter FRS (1702 – 9 January 1762) was an English whig divine, who served as a Church of England bishop for 13 years as Bishop of Norwich (1749–1761) then Bishop of London (1761–1762), and was a royal chaplain. As a party advocate of the Pelhamites and a friend of the Duke of Newcastle, he was at the height of his powers in the 1750s.  A scholar renowned in his days, it was for his divinity that Hayter was recommended, but his friendship with the court and royalty that exemplified his actual powers.  He was considered tolerant and eclectic, learned and intelligent.

Horace Walpole
Horatio Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford (/ˈwɔːlpoʊl/; 24 September 1717 – 2 March 1797), better known as Horace Walpole, was an English Whig politician, writer, historian and antiquarian.

He had Strawberry Hill House built in Twickenham, southwest London, reviving the Gothic style some decades before his Victorian successors. His literary reputation rests on the first Gothic novel, The Castle of Otranto (1764), and his Letters, which are of significant social and political interest. They have been published by Yale University Press in 48 volumes. In 2017, a volume of Walpole's selected letters was published.

The youngest son of the first British prime minister, Sir Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford, he became the 4th and last Earl of Orford of the second creation on his nephew's death in 1791.
Nirupama Rao
Nirupama Menon Rao (born 6 December 1950) is a retired civil servant of 1973 batch Indian Foreign Service cadre who served as India's Foreign Secretary from 2009 to 2011, as well as being India's Ambassador to the United States, China and Sri Lanka (High Commissioner) during her career.

In July 2009, she became the second woman (after Chokila Iyer) to hold the post of India's Foreign Secretary, the head of the Indian Foreign Service. In her career she served in several capacities including, Minister of Press, Information and Culture in Washington DC, Deputy Chief of Mission in Moscow, stints in the MEA as Joint Secretary, East Asia and External Publicity, the latter position making her the first woman spokesperson of the MEA, Chief of Personnel, Ambassador to Peru and China, and High Commissioner to Sri Lanka.

Chokila Iyer
Chokila Iyer (née Tshering) is an Indian diplomat and civil servant who served as India's first female foreign secretary from March 2001 to June 2002. She is an Indian Foreign Service officer of the 1964 batch and served as the Ambassador of India to Ireland.
Fayetteville Shale
The Fayetteville Shale is a geologic formation of Mississippian age (354–323 million years ago) composed of tight shale within the Arkoma Basin of Arkansas and Oklahoma. It is named for the city of Fayetteville, Arkansas, and requires hydraulic fracturing to release the natural gas contained within.

Platyceras
Platyceras is a genus of extinct Paleozoic sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Platyceratidae. This genus is known from the Silurian to the Middle Triassic periods and especially abundant in the Devonian and Carboniferous. It is the type genus of the family Platyceratidae.
Charles Lamberton
Charles Lamberton (23 April 1876 – 8 October 1960) was a French paleontologist who lived and studied on the island of Madagascar between 1911 and 1948 and specialized in the recently extinct subfossil lemurs.  He made significant contributions towards fixing misattributions of skeletal remains and poor interpretations of subfossil lemur behavior.  His paleontological expeditions during the 1930s led to the discovery of a new species of Mesopropithecus, a type of sloth lemur.  Three species—one mammal and two reptiles—were named after him, although one is now considered a taxonomic synonym.

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature
The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is an organization dedicated to "achieving stability and sense in the scientific naming of animals". Founded in 1895, it currently comprises 26 commissioners from 20 countries.
Vuaqava
Vuaqava (pronounced [βuaŋˈɡaβa]) is an outlier to Kabara, 5 kilometers to the SSW, in Fiji's Southern Lau Group. It occupies an area of 8.1 km2.  This limestone island has a maximum altitude of 107 meters.  The island is uninhabited but visited by fishermen.

The limestone belongs to the Koroqara Limestone (Tokalau Limestone Group) and is probably Late Miocene in age.  It is mostly fragmental in nature but true reef occurs along much of the south coast.  The interior basin is occupied by the largest lake in Fiji, area 121 ha.  There is an emerged notch 1 m above lake level.

Lau Islands
The Lau Islands (also called the Lau Group, the Eastern Group, the Eastern Archipelago) of Fiji are situated in the southern Pacific Ocean, just east of the Koro Sea. Of this chain of about sixty islands and islets, about thirty are inhabited.  The Lau Group covers a land area of 188 square miles (487 square km), and had a population of 10,683 at the most recent census in 2007.  While most of the northern Lau Group are high islands of volcanic origin, those of the south are mostly carbonate low islands.

Administratively the islands belong to Lau Province.