hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Columbia Avenue Historic District
Columbia Avenue Historic District  is located in the central part of the city of Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. The district lies north and west of Vander Veer Park. The area is entirely residential and it contains brick apartment buildings that were built between 1930 and 1939. It is one of the city's smallest districts and it is unique among the other historic districts in that it contains primarily apartment buildings.

Vander Veer Botanical Park
The Vander Veer Botanical Park is a 33-acre (130,000 m2) botanical garden in the Vander Veer Park Historic District of Davenport, Iowa. It is believed to be one of the first botanical parks west of the Mississippi River. The park was listed on the Davenport Register of Historic Properties on August 4, 1993.
Minoxidil
Minoxidil, sold under the brand names Loniten and Rogaine among others, is a medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure and pattern hair loss. It is an antihypertensive and a vasodilator. It is available as a generic medication by prescription in oral tablet form and over-the-counter as a topical liquid or foam.

Tachycardia
Tachycardia, also called tachyarrhythmia, is a heart rate that exceeds the normal resting rate. In general, a resting heart rate over 100 beats per minute is accepted as tachycardia in adults. Heart rates above the resting rate may be normal (such as with exercise) or abnormal (such as with electrical problems within the heart).
Nord 360 to 399
Nord 360 to 399, renumbered to Nord 4.361 to 4.400 in 1872, were 0-8-4T Engerth locomotives for freight traffic of the Chemins de Fer du Nord.
The machines were built in 1856–1857 and retired from service in 1907–1910.

Engerth locomotive
The Engerth locomotive was a type of early articulated steam locomotive designed by Wilhelm Freiherr von Engerth for use on the Semmering Railway in Austria. The distinctive feature of the Engerth design was an articulated tender as part of the main locomotive frame. Some of the weight of the tender therefore rested on the driving wheels, improving adhesion, while articulation allowed the locomotive to navigate the narrow curves of mountain railways.
Ronnie Quintarelli
Ronnie Quintarelli (born 9 August 1979) is an Italian racecar driver competing in Super GT from 2005 through 2024. A four-time champion, he jointly holds the all-time record for the most drivers' championship titles won in the GT500 class of Super GT (shared with Sho Tsuboi).

Okayama International Circuit
Okayama International Circuit (岡山国際サーキット), formerly known as TI Circuit Aida (TIサーキット英田) before 2005, is a 3.703 km (2.301 mi) private motorsport race track in Mimasaka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. TI was the abbreviation of "Tanaka International" after the name of the golf club owner, Hajime Tanaka, though the name of the circuit was officially "TI Circuit Aida".

As well as hosting racing events, the circuit has rental facilities including bikes and go karts available.
North Palawan Block
North Palawan Block is a microcontinental block situated in the western Philippines and the southern tip of  the Manila Trench. The North Palawan block is considered to form the northeastern portion of a much larger area of block faulted and foundered pre-Tertiary continental material which extends throughout the southern part of the South China Sea Basin and includes the Spratly Islands and the Dangerous Grounds area off Borneo (Hamilton, 1979). The evidence for the continental composition of the crust of this area is substantial and has been reviewed by Hamilton (1979) and Taylor & Hayes (1980) among others.

Continental fragment
Continental crustal fragments, partly synonymous with microcontinents, are pieces of continents that have broken off from main continental masses to form distinct islands that are often several hundred kilometers from their place of origin.
Schizoglossa major
Schizoglossa major was a species of large predatory, air-breathing, land slug, a carnivorous terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae. This species has only been found as a subfossil.

Rhytididae
Rhytididae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized predatory air-breathing land snails, carnivorous terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Rhytidoidea.

This family has three subfamilies:

Chlamydephorinae Cockerell, 1935 (1903)

Rhytidinae Pilsbry, 1893

Corillinae Pilsbry, 1905
1994 South African Open (tennis)
The 1994 South African Open, also known as the Sun City Open, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 89th edition of the South African Open and was part of the ATP World Series of the 1994 ATP Tour. It took place in Sun City, South Africa from 28 March through 3 April 1994. German Markus Zoecke won the singles final against compatriot Hendrik Dreekmann.

1994 ATP Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
1980 Tour de Suisse
The 1980 Tour de Suisse was the 44th edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 11 June to 20 June 1980. The race started in Rheinfelden and finished in Zürich. The race was won by Mario Beccia of the Hoonved–Bottecchia team.

Tour de Suisse
The Tour de Suisse (English: Tour of Switzerland) is an annual road cycling stage race. Raced over eight days, the event covers two weekends in June, and along with the Critérium du Dauphiné, it is considered a proving ground for the Tour de France, which is on the calendar approximately two weeks after the end of the Tour de Suisse. Since 2011 the event is part of the UCI World Tour, cycling's highest level of professional races.

From 2021, a women's race has been held at the same time, with the event joining the UCI Women's World Tour from 2023.
Careys Peak
Careys Peak is a peak in the Williams Range, part of the Mount Royal Range, located in the Upper Hunter region of New South Wales, Australia. At 1,544 metres (5,066 ft) above sea level, it is one of the higher points in Barrington Tops National Park, some 200 kilometres (120 mi) north of Sydney. The peak is at the edge of the Barrington Tops plateau, within the declared wilderness of the World Heritage Gondwana Rainforests of Australia.

Wilderness streams, such as the Allyn River and Williams River rise nearby. On a clear day, the higher peaks of the Blue Mountains may be seen. And looking south east, the sands of Stockton Beach on the coast may be viewed. The scenic appeal of the area is well regarded. Particularly the large dark stands of rainforest and snow gum wilderness. Careys Peak is a popular camping and bushwalking destination. Many years ago, a skiing slope was cleared behind Careys Peak. It has since disappeared in natural bush re-growth.

Gondwana Rainforests
The Gondwana Rainforests of Australia, formerly known as the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves, are the most extensive area of subtropical rainforest in the world. Collectively, the rainforests are a World Heritage Site with fifty separate reserves totalling 366,500 hectares (906,000 acres) from Newcastle to Brisbane.
Heinrich Alexander Stoll
Heinrich Alexander Stoll was the pen name used by the German writer Heinrich Joachim Friedrich Karl Hans Stoll (8 December 1910 - 4 March 1977). During the 1950s and 1960s he emerged in East Germany as a prolific author of adventure novels, historical novels and reworkings of ancient legends, along with short stories and science fiction works. There are nevertheless suggestions that the reality of his own experiences as a young man, during twelve years under Hitler followed by six years under Soviet military administration and the early years of the  Ulbricht  dictatorship, were a match for almost any novel.

Liberal Democratic Party of Germany
The Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (German: Liberal-Demokratische Partei Deutschlands, LDPD) was a political party in East Germany. Like the other allied bloc parties of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) in the National Front, it had 52 representatives in the People's Chamber.
Cathedral hull
A cathedral hull is a hull shape used in modern boats, usually power-driven.  It has sponsons which extend almost as far forward as the main hull. The airspace between the hulls may be very small or nonexistent.

Depending on the proportions of the sponsons and the depth of the main hull, the cathedral hull can approach the handling characteristics of either the Hickman sea sled, or the vee hull. The naval architect first credited with the successful use of the deep-vee hull form, C. Raymond Hunt, was involved in the design of the original 13’ Boston Whaler. It is cathedral hulled forward, but nearly a flat-bottomed scow at the stern.

The term "cathedral hull" refers to the resemblance of a section through an inverted boat to that of a medieval cathedral.

Sponson
Sponsons are projections extending from the sides of land vehicles, aircraft or watercraft to provide protection, stability, storage locations, mounting points for weapons or other devices, or equipment housing.
Mangrove Islet
Mangrove Islet is a small island close to Swan Island (Victoria), Australia. It is also close to Rabbit Island. The name of the island suggests that there are mangroves on the islet. Mangrove Islet is approximately 44 meters long.

Swan Island (Victoria)
Swan Island (Wathaurong: Woorang-a'look) is a 1.4 km2 sand barrier island which, with Duck Island and the Edwards Point spit, separate Swan Bay from Port Phillip in Victoria, Australia.  It lies close to and north of the town of Queenscliff at the eastern end of the Bellarine Peninsula, and is an official bounded locality of the Borough of Queenscliffe.
Garstad Church
Garstad Church (Norwegian: Garstad kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Nærøysund Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Garstad on the island of Mellom-Vikna. It is the main church for the Vikna parish which is part of the Namdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1856. The church seats about 320 people.

Nærøysund Municipality
Nærøysund is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Namdalen. The municipality was established on 1 January 2020 after the merger of the old Vikna Municipality and Nærøy Municipality. The municipality is unique in that it has two equal administrative centres: Kolvereid and Rørvik. The other main population centres of Nærøysund include Abelvær, Foldereid, Gravvika, Ottersøya, Salsbruket, Steine, Torstad, Austafjord, Ramstad, Garstad, and Valøya.

The 1,346-square-kilometre (520 sq mi) municipality is the 70th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Nærøysund Municipality is the 114th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 9,968. The municipality's population density is 7.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (19/sq mi) and its population has increased by 6.2% over the previous 10-year period.
Puri–Tirupati Express
The 17479 / 17480 Puri–Tirupati Express is an Express train belonging to South Coast Railway zone that runs between Puri and Tirupati in India. It is currently being operated with 17479/17480 train numbers on weekly basis.

South Coast Railway zone
The South Coast Railway (abbreviated SCoR) is one of the 19 railway zones of the Indian Railways. The zonal headquarters is located at Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh.

The formal notification for operationalization of this zone is yet to be issued.
Yuri Bogatikov
Yuri Iosifovich Bogatikov (29 February 1932 – 8 December 2002) was a Soviet and Ukrainian singer (baritone). In 1985 he was honoured with the title of People's Artist of the USSR. His repertoire consisted of over 400 songs. He was the original performer of such songs as "I Haven't Been in Donbass  for a Long Time" ("Давно не бывал я в Донбассе" by Bogoslovsky), "Let's Talk" ("Давай, поговорим" by Eduard Khanok), "Don't Let Your Heart Harden, My Son" ("Не остуди своё сердце, сынок" by Migulya), "Remembering the Regimental Band" ("Воспоминание о полковом оркестре" by Gulyaev).

Vladimir Migulya
Vladimir Georgievich Migulya (Russian: Владимир Георгиевич Мигуля; August 18, 1945 – February 16, 1996) was a Soviet and Russian musician, singer and composer. He authored many popular songs in the 1970s and the 1990s. He collaborated with the group Zemlyane. In 1988 he was named Honored Artist of the RSFSR Migulya wrote the music of the first Hymn of Cosmonautics of Russia Grass by the Home. He was a 14-times laureate of the festival Pesnya Goda.
ITools Resourceome
iTools is a distributed infrastructure for managing, discovery, comparison and integration of computational biology resources. iTools employs Biositemap technology to retrieve and service meta-data about diverse bioinformatics data services, tools, and web-services. iTools is developed by the National Centers for Biomedical Computing as part of the NIH Road Map Initiative.

Computational biology
Computational biology refers to the use of techniques in computer science, data analysis, mathematical modeling and computational simulations to understand biological systems and relationships. An intersection of computer science, biology, and data science, the field also has foundations in applied mathematics, molecular biology, cell biology, chemistry, and genetics.
Law College Durgapur
Law College Durgapur is a private Law college in Durgapur, West Bengal. This  is one of the first and oldest self-financed Law College affiliated to the University of Burdwan. The college is currently affiliated to Kazi Nazrul University.  This college is also approved by the Bar Council of India.

University of Burdwan
The University of Burdwan (also known as Burdwan University or B. U.) is a public state university located in Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, India. It was established by the West Bengal Government as a teaching and affiliating university on 15 June 1960 with six postgraduate departments and 30 undergraduate colleges spread over three districts that come under the jurisdiction of the university. The university currently offers more than 30 undergraduate and 66 postgraduate courses. It has grown as the second largest state university in West Bengal after University of Calcutta. Over the years, the University has consistently performed in the NIRF ranking by securing rank within top 100 under ‘University’ Category and occupied the rank of 89, 92, 85 and 87 in the years 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022 respectively.
Diamond battery
Diamond battery is the name of a nuclear battery concept proposed by the University of Bristol Cabot Institute during its annual lecture held on 25 November 2016 at the Wills Memorial Building. This battery is proposed to run on the radioactivity of waste graphite blocks (previously used as neutron moderator material in graphite-moderated reactors) and would generate small amounts of electricity for thousands of years.

The battery is a betavoltaic cell using carbon-14 (14C) in the form of diamond-like carbon (DLC) as the beta radiation source, and additional normal-carbon DLC to make the necessary semiconductor junction and encapsulate the carbon-14.

Isotopes of carbon
Carbon (6C) has 14 known isotopes, from 8C to 20C as well as 22C, of which only 12C and 13C are stable. The longest-lived radioisotope is 14C, with a half-life of 5700 years. This is also the only carbon radioisotope found in nature, as trace quantities are formed cosmogenically by the reaction 14N + n → 14C + 1H. The most stable artificial radioisotope is 11C, which has a half-life of 20.34 minutes. All other radioisotopes have half-lives under 20 seconds, most less than 200 milliseconds. Lighter isotopes exhibit beta-plus decay into isotopes of boron and heavier ones beta-minus decay into isotopes of nitrogen, though at the limits particle emission occurs as well. The two lightest isotopes decay into helium via short-lived isotopes of lithium, beryllium and boron.
Bachkovo Monastery
The Bachkovo Monastery of the Dormition of the Theotokos   (Bulgarian: Бачковски манастир "Успение Богородично", Bachkovski manastir, Georgian: პეტრიწონის მონასტერი, romanized: p'et'rits'onis monast'eri), archaically the Petritsoni Monastery  or Monastery of the Mother of God Petritzonitissa is a major Eastern Orthodox monastery in Southern Bulgaria. It is located on the right bank of the Chepelare River, 189 km from Sofia and 10 km south of Asenovgrad, and is directly subordinate to the Holy Synod of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church.

Founded as a Georgian Orthodox monastic center, Bachkovo is known and appreciated for the unique combination of Georgian, Byzantine, and Bulgarian culture, united by the common faith.

Monastery of Iviron
The Monastery of Iviron (Georgian: ათონის ივერთა მონასტერი, romanized: atonis iverta monast'eri ; Greek: Μονή Ιβήρων, romanized: Monḗ Ivirōn) is an Eastern Orthodox monastery in the monastic community of Mount Athos in northern Greece. The monastery was founded by two Georgian monks, John the Iberian and John Tornike, between AD 980–983. It is regarded as the historic Georgian monastery on Mount Athos and was traditionally inhabited by Georgian Orthodox monks for nearly a millennium, until the mid-20th century. It is home to the famous Panagia Portaitissa icon of Virgin Mary.
Llanwenarth
Llanwenarth is a small village and parish in the Usk Valley of Monmouthshire, south-east Wales, United Kingdom. It is in the community of Llanfoist Fawr and covered by the electoral ward of Llanwenarth Ultra.

Govilon
Govilon (Welsh: Gofilon) is a small Welsh village located between Llanfoist and Gilwern near Abergavenny in north Monmouthshire. It is part of the community of Llanfoist Fawr. The population was 1,447 in 2011.
The Measure of Reality
The Measure of Reality: Quantification in Western Europe, 1250-1600 is a 1997 nonfiction historiography and macrohistory book by Alfred W. Crosby, about the role of quantification in Western civilization. It is published by Cambridge University Press.

Quantification (science)
In mathematics and empirical science, quantification (or quantitation) is the act of counting and measuring that maps human sense observations and experiences into quantities. Quantification in this sense is fundamental to the scientific method.
Ländchen Railway
The Ländchen Railway (German: Ländchesbahn, pronounced [ˈlɛntçəsˌbaːn]) is a single-track non-electrified branch railway line between Wiesbaden and Niedernhausen, in the German state of Hesse. The 19.6-kilometre (12.2 mi) long line was opened in 1879. It is now Deutsche Bahn route 627 and route 21 (RB 21) of the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund.

Lucius D. Clay Kaserne
The Lucius D. Clay Kaserne (German: Flugplatz Wiesbaden-Erbenheim) (IATA: WIE, ICAO: ETOU), commonly known as Clay Kaserne, formerly known as Wiesbaden Air Base and later as Wiesbaden Army Airfield, is an installation of the United States Army in Hesse, Germany. The kaserne is located within the boroughs Wiesbaden-Erbenheim and Wiesbaden-Delkenheim. Named for General Lucius D. Clay, it is the home of the Army's 2d Theater Signal Brigade, 66th Military Intelligence Brigade and is the headquarters of the U.S. Army Europe and Africa (USAREUR-AF).

USAREUR-AF oversees V Corps, Security Assistance Group-Ukraine, the 7th Army Training Command, 10th Army Air & Missile Defense Command and 21st Theater Sustainment Command. Clay Kaserne also maintains an airfield, facilitated by 1-214th Aviation.
In Broad Daylight (book)
In Broad Daylight is a 1988 true crime book by award-winning writer Harry N. MacLean, detailing the killing of town bully Ken Rex McElroy in 1981 in Skidmore, Missouri.  The book won an Edgar Award for best true crime writing in 1989, was a New York Times bestseller for 12 weeks (charting at number 2) and was adapted into a television movie of the same name. The book was reissued in 2007 by St. Martin's Press with a new epilogue.

Edgar Awards
The Edgar Allan Poe Awards, popularly called the Edgars, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America which is based in New York City. Named after American writer Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849), a pioneer in the genre, the awards honor the best in mystery fiction, non-fiction, television, film, and theater published or produced in the previous year.
Miya-juku
Miya-juku (宮宿, Miya-juku) was the forty-first of the fifty-three stations of the Tōkaidō. It is located in former Owari Province in what is now part of the Atsuta-ku section of the city of Nagoya, in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It was six km from Narumi-juku, the preceding post station.

Tōkaidō (road)
The Tōkaidō road (東海道, Tōkaidō; [to̞ːka̠ido̞ː]), which roughly means "eastern sea route," was the most important of the Five Routes of the Edo period in Japan, connecting Kyoto to the de facto capital of Japan at Edo (modern-day Tokyo). Unlike the inland and less heavily travelled Nakasendō, the Tōkaidō travelled along the sea coast of eastern Honshū, hence the route's name.

The Tōkaidō was first used in ancient times as a route from Kyoto to Hitachi Province (central Honshu) before the Edo period.
Mr. Zog's Sex Wax
Mr. Zog's Sex Wax is a brand of surfwax manufactured for use on surfboards that is produced in Carpinteria, California. This wax is rubbed on the top surface or "deck" of a surfboard to allow traction and grip for the surfer.

Mr. Zog's Sex Wax was first produced by Frederick Charles Herzog, III (also known as Mr. Zog) and chemist Nate Skinner  in 1972. Hank Pitcher designed their original logo.

Due to the product name, promotional materials such as bumper stickers and t-shirts became extremely popular, even among those who had never ridden a surfboard. Their slogans, such as "The best for your stick", included sexual innuendo. The materials confirmed their counterculture status by being banned from schools and amusement parks.

Different wax formulations are sold under the names: "Quick Humps", "Really Tacky",  and "Navel Wax".

Carpinteria, California
Carpinteria (/kɑːrpɪntəˈriːə/; Spanish: Carpintería, meaning "Carpentry") is a small seaside city in southeastern Santa Barbara County, California. Located on the Central Coast of California, it had a population of 13,264 at the 2020 census. Carpinteria is a popular surf destination; the city embraced the slogan "World's Safest Beach" in 1912, which it still uses today.
One Inch Punch
One Inch Punch (aka One-Inch-Punch) was an American alternative rock duo from Los Angeles, California, United States, consisting of former Justin Warfield Supernaut members  Justin Warfield and Gianni Garofalo, with Warfield now being part of the darkwave music duo She Wants Revenge.

She Wants Revenge
She Wants Revenge is an American rock band, based in San Fernando Valley, California. Formed in 2004, the band is a duo of singer and guitarist Justin Warfield and multi-instrumentalist Adam Bravin. Their music has been influenced by post-punk, darkwave and gothic rock. The band has sold more than 300,000 records in the US.

The group's debut album She Wants Revenge was released in early 2006 and included the singles "Tear You Apart" (the band's biggest hit, reaching No. 6 on Billboard's Alternative Songs chart), "These Things" and "Out of Control". The band also released the albums This Is Forever (2007) and Valleyheart (2011) before disbanding in 2012. She Wants Revenge has since reunited twice, in 2015 and in 2022.