hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hunnic language
The Hunnic language, or Hunnish, was the language spoken by Huns in the Hunnic Empire, a heterogeneous, multi-ethnic tribal confederation which invaded Eastern and Central Europe, and ruled most of Pannonian Central Europe, during the 4th and 5th centuries CE. A variety of languages were spoken within the Hun Empire. A contemporary report by Priscus has that Hunnish was spoken alongside Gothic and the languages of other tribes subjugated by the Huns.

As no inscriptions or whole sentences in the Hunnic language have been preserved, the attested corpus is very limited, consisting almost entirely of proper names in Greek and Latin sources.

There is no consensus on the classification of the Hunnish language, but due to the origin of these proper names it has been compared with Turkic, Mongolic, Iranian, and Yeniseian languages, and with various Indo-European languages. Other scholars consider the available evidence inconclusive and the Hunnish language therefore unclassifiable.

Omeljan Pritsak
Omeljan Yosypovych Pritsak (Ukrainian: Омелян Йосипович Пріцак; 7 April 1919 – 29 May 2006) was the first Mykhailo Hrushevsky Professor of Ukrainian History at Harvard University and the founder and first director (1973–1989) of the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute.
Eli Apple
Eli Apple (né Woodard, born August 9, 1995) is an American professional football cornerback for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Ohio State Buckeyes, winning the 2015 National Championship before being selected by the New York Giants in the first round of the 2016 NFL draft.

Voorhees Township, New Jersey
Voorhees Township is a township in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township is a suburb in the Delaware Valley / Greater Philadelphia Metropolitan Area. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 31,069, an increase of 1,938 (+6.7%) from the 2010 census count of 29,131, which in turn reflects an increase of 1,005 (+3.6%) from the 28,126 counted in the 2000 census.

Voorhees Township was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 1, 1899, from portions of Waterford Township. Portions of the township were taken on March 8, 1924, to form Gibbsboro.

The township is named for Foster McGowan Voorhees, the Governor of New Jersey who authorized its creation. The township is part of the state's South Jersey region.
Anyang, Gyeonggi
Anyang (Korean: 안양; Korean pronunciation: [a.njaŋ]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. With a population of approximately 600,000, it is the 20th largest city in South Korea. It is a satellite city of Seoul and located approximately 21 km (13 mi) south of Seoul, and 19 km (12 mi) north of Suwon. It is connected to Seoul via the Seoul Subway Line 1 and Line 4. The City motto of Anyang is "Livable city, Proud citizens". City symbols are a grape mascot named 'Podong-i', Forsythia (flower), Ginkgo (tree), and eagles.

Anyang Station
Anyang Station (Korean: 안양역) is a ground-level subway station on Line 1 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway. The station is located in the Anyang One neighborhood, in Manan District, Seoul. The station's sole exit offers access to Enter-6 Mall, which occupies the same building.  Travel time from Anyang Station to Seoul Station on Line 1 is approximately 40 minutes.  Anyang Station is the main station in Anyang, but there are another six stations in Anyang, namely Beomgye, Pyeongchon and Indeogwon on Line 4, and Myeonghak, Gwanak and Seoksu on Line 1, though the latter's platforms lie within Seoul. It is connected with Lotte Dapartment Store.
2015 German Darts Championship
The 2015 German Darts Championship was the first of nine PDC European Tour events on the 2015 PDC Pro Tour. The tournament took place at Halle 39, Hildesheim, Germany, from 13 to 15 February 2015. It featured a field of 48 players and £115,000 in prize money, with £25,000 going to the winner.

Gary Anderson was the defending champion, having beaten Justin Pipe 6–5 in the 2014 tournament's final, and in this year's final Michael van Gerwen won the title by beating Anderson 6–2.

2014 German Darts Championship
The 2014 German Darts Championship was the first of eight PDC European Tour events on the 2014 PDC Pro Tour. The tournament took place at Halle 39 in Hildesheim, Germany, between 31 January–2 February 2014. It featured a field of 48 players and £100,000 in prize money, with £20,000 going to the winner.

Gary Anderson won his first European Tour event by defeating Justin Pipe 6–5 in the final.

At with this event, all European Tour events were streamed live and free on the PDC YouTube channel.
Ranoli railway station
Ranoli railway station is a railway station in Ranoli town of Vadodara district on the Western Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Passenger, MEMU and Intercity trains halt here.

Station code of Ranoli is 'RNO'. It has two platforms. Ranoli is well connected by rail to Ahmedabad Junction, Kathana, Anand Junction, Nadiad Junction, Vadodara Junction, Viramgam Junction, Bharuch Junction and Mumbai Central.

Kathana railway station
Kathana railway station is a railway station on the Western Railway network in the state of Gujarat, India. Passenger trains start from Kathana railway station. Kathana railway station is connected by rail to Vasad Junction and Vadodara Junction.
Rajen Narsinghen
Rajen Narsinghen is a Mauritian politician from the Labour Party (PTr). He has served as Junior Minister of Foreign Affairs, Regional Integration and International Trade in the fourth Navin Ramgoolam cabinet since 2024. Narsinghen was previously a Senior Lecturer and Dean of Faculty at the University of Mauritius.

Labour Party (Mauritius)
The Labour Party (French: Parti Travailliste; Morisyen: Parti Travayis, PTr) is a centre-left social democratic political party in Mauritius. It is one of four main Mauritian political parties, along with the Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM), the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) and the Parti Mauricien Social Démocrate (PMSD). The party is led by Navin Ramgoolam. It tends to be more popular amongst Indo-Mauritians, especially in more rural areas.

Founded in 1936, the Labour Party is the oldest major political party in the Republic and has remained in power from 1948 to 1982, from 1995 to 2000 and from 2005 to 2014. From 1983 to 1990, it was part of a coalition government as a minority partner. As a member of the Labour Party-MMM alliance, it elected four members of parliament in the general election of 2014.
Senai Airport Highway
Senai Airport Highway or Jalan Lapangan Terbang Senai, Federal Route 16 is a major highway in Kulai District, Johor, Malaysia that connects Senai International Airport to Senai, which from there connected to Johor Bahru via Federal Route 1 Skudai Highway.

Senai
Senai is a town and mukim in Kulai District, Johor, Malaysia. It is the base for several major multinational electronics manufacturers. This sprawl town is one of the flagship zones of the Iskandar Malaysia.
Common pine sawfly
The common pine sawfly, Diprion pini, is a sawfly species in the family Diprionidae. The adult male is dark brown or black with comb-like antennae; the female is striped black and yellow. The female lays some 100–150 eggs on pine needles. The caterpillars are yellow-green, gregarious, and feed on pine needles. The next generation of adults can emerge from pupae the same year, or the pupae can go into diapause for a year or more. The species is widespread throughout Europe and Russia.

The insect is a serious pest of economic forestry, capable of defoliating large areas of pine forest. The Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris, is the main host but other pine species are also attacked. Since the species grazes until late autumn, weakened trees often die in winter. Control involves aerial spraying of insecticides, or biological control with parasitoid wasps. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus.

Sex pheromone
Sex pheromones are pheromones released by an organism to attract an individual of the same species, encourage it to mate with it, or perform some other function closely related with sexual reproduction.
Sex pheromones specifically focus on indicating females for breeding, attracting the opposite sex, and conveying information on species, age, sex and genotype. Non-volatile pheromones, or cuticular contact pheromones, are more closely related to social insects as they are usually detected by direct contact with chemoreceptors on the antennae or feet of insects.

Insect sex pheromones have found uses in monitoring and trapping of pest insects.
Gemma Magría
Gemma Magría (born 14 April 1981) is a Spanish taekwondo practitioner.

She won a bronze medal in at the 2000 European Taekwondo Championships. She won a silver medal in bantamweight at the 2001 World Taekwondo Championships in Jeju City, after being defeated by Jung Jae-eun in the final.

Jung Jae-eun (taekwondo)
Jung Jae-Eun (born 11 January 1980) is a South Korean taekwondo practitioner and Olympic champion. She competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where she won the gold medal in the 57 kg competition.
Siege of Ani (1161)
The siege of Ani was the unsuccessful siege of the city of Ani, by the Seljukid coalition arranged by the ruler of Shah-Armens in 1161. The large Muslim army was defeated by the Georgian King George III at the gates of Ani.

Demetrius I of Georgia
Demetrius I (Georgian: დემეტრე I, romanized: demet're I) (c. 1093 – 1156), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was a Georgian monarch (mepe) who ruled the Kingdom of Georgia from 1125 to 1154 and again from 1155 until his death in 1156. He is also known as a poet.

Regarded as a saint by the Orthodox Church, his feast day is celebrated on May 23 in the Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar.
Hellenic Volleyball Federation
The Hellenic Volleyball Federation (Greek: Ελληνική Ομοσπονδία Πετοσφαίρισης, abbreviated as Ε.Ο.ΠΕ.), is a governing body for volleyball and beach volleyball in Greece. The organization oversees the A1 Ethniki Volleyball league, the Greek Volleyball Cup, the Greek Volleyball League Cup, the Greek Volleyball Super Cup, such as the women's competitions.

Greek Volleyball Super Cup
The Greek Volleyball Super Cup is a volleyball club competition that takes place in Greece since 1998. It is an annual match contested by the champions of Greek Volleyleague and the Greek Volleyball Cup winners. The matches take place in different cities and various dates every year. The competition usually was not held when a team has achieved the double. However, there have been times when a match called "Super Game" has been held, between the champions and the Cup runners-up, that the Volleyball Federation recognizes as the Super Cup final.Olympiacos and Iraklis are the most successful clubs with 4 titles each, with Olympiacos recently having won it in 2025.
Dead Cross
Dead Cross is an American crossover thrash supergroup formed in Southern California. The band consists of guitarist Michael Crain (Retox), bassist Justin Pearson (the Locust, Head Wound City and Retox), drummer Dave Lombardo (Slayer, Mr. Bungle and Fantômas) and vocalist Mike Patton (Faith No More, Mr. Bungle and Fantômas).

Fantômas (band)
Fantômas is an American experimental metal supergroup formed in 1998 in California. It features vocalist Mike Patton (Faith No More, Mr. Bungle), drummer Dave Lombardo (ex-Slayer), guitarist Buzz Osborne (Melvins) and bassist Trevor Dunn (Mr. Bungle, Tomahawk). The band is named after Fantômas, a supervillain featured in a series of crime novels popular in France before World War I and in film, most notably in the '60s French movie series.
Boscobel College
Boscobel College for Young Ladies was a college in Nashville, founded in 1889 as the Nashville Baptist Female College by the Tennessee Baptist Convention.  The college operated for twenty-five years — until 1916.  One of its founding objectives was to provide the lowest possible cost for higher-education of young women.

The school, at its peak in the 1890s, had over 100 female students, many of whom were boarders.  In 1898, Boscobel advertised its literary faculty and music and art advantages as unsurpassed, and promised to prepare young ladies for life's work and its duties.

Tennessee State Library and Archives
The Tennessee State Library and Archives (TSLA), established in 1854, currently operates as a unit of the Tennessee Department of State.  According to the Tennessee Blue Book, the Library and Archives "collects and preserves books and records of historical, documentary and reference value, and encourages and promotes library development throughout the state."  This mandate can be found in Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 10, Chapters 1-8.

Although most states operate their libraries and archives as separate agencies, Tennessee is one of a handful of states whose library and archives are administered jointly.
Derek Brown (running back)
Derek Dernell Brown (born April 15, 1971) is an American former professional football player who was a running back for four seasons with the New Orleans Saints in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Nebraska Cornhuskers, earning third-team All-American honors in 1991. He was selected by the Saints in the fourth round of the 1993 NFL draft with the 109th overall pick.

While at Servite High School in Anaheim, California, a school with other notable football alumni such as Steve Beuerlein, Turk Schonert, and Blaine Nye, Brown set the Orange County single season rushing record with a mark of over 3,000 yards.

During his NFL career with the Saints he amassed 1,383 yards on 388 carries and scored six touchdowns in 56 games. He also caught 108 passes for 918 yards and three touchdowns. During this span he managed to only fumble the ball five times and returned five kicks for 71 yards.

Blaine Nye
Blaine Francis Nye (born March 29, 1946) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive lineman for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Stanford Cardinal, known then as the Indians.
Muir Russell
Sir Alastair Muir Russell KCB DL FRSE (born 9 January 1949) is a Scottish retired civil servant and former Principal and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Glasgow, and Chairman of the Judicial Appointments Board for Scotland.

Principal of the University of Glasgow
The Principal of the University of Glasgow is the working head of the University, acting as its chief executive. They are responsible for the day-to-day management of the university as well as its strategic planning and administration. The Principal is appointed by the University Court and is President of the Senate, the university's supreme academic body. The Principal is normally also created Vice-Chancellor of the university, conferring on them the degree-awarding powers of the Chancellor.

Professor Andy Schofield succeeded Sir Anton Muscatelli as Principal on 1 October 2025
Union Defence Force (South Africa)
The Union Defence Force (UDF) (Afrikaans: Unie-Verdedigingsmag) comprised the armed forces of South Africa from 1 July 1912, when the Defence Act (No 13 of 1912) took effect, two years after the creation of the Union of South Africa, until 1957 when it was reorganised and renamed the South African Defence Force (SADF).

Permanent Force
The Permanent Force was an integral part of both the South African Defence Force and the South West Africa Territorial Force which consisted of all the full-time volunteers, volunteers of Auxiliaries and national servicemen.
K-360 (Kansas highway)
K-360 is a state highway in Cowley County, Kansas, United States. It follows a route around the south and east sides of Winfield. The highway was established in 1997. It starts at US-77 in southern Winfield and proceeds east and north for 3.469 miles (5.583 km), ending at US-160 in eastern Winfield. (Although the route begins and ends in Winfield, it passes several times in and out of the city limits.)

U.S. Route 160 in Kansas
U.S. Route 160 (US-160) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that runs from US-89 near Tuba City, Arizona east to US-67 and Missouri Route 158 southwest of Poplar Bluff, Missouri. In the state of Kansas, US-160 is a main east–west highway that runs from the Colorado border east to the Missouri border.
Falkirk Burghs
Falkirk Burghs  was a district of burghs constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1832 to 1918. The constituency comprised the burghs of Falkirk, Airdrie, Hamilton, Lanark and Linlithgow, lying in Stirlingshire, Lanarkshire and Linlithgowshire.

In 1918, Falkirk became part of Stirling and Falkirk Burghs, Hamilton and Lanark formed the core of new Hamilton and Lanark constituencies, and Linlithgow was represented as part of Linlithgowshire.

Hamilton (UK Parliament constituency)
Hamilton was a burgh constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1997. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post voting system.
Minuscule 19
Minuscule 19 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), A214 (Von Soden). It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 387 parchment leaves, dated palaeographically to the 12th-century. It has complex contents and marginalia.

Victorinus of Pettau
Saint Victorinus of Pettau (also Ptuj or Poetovio; Greek: Βικτωρίνος Πεταβίου; died 303 or 304) was an Early Christian ecclesiastical writer who flourished about 270, and who was martyred during the persecutions of Emperor Diocletian. A Bishop of Poetovio (modern Ptuj in Slovenia; German: Pettau) in Pannonia, Victorinus is also known as Victorinus Petavionensis or Poetovionensis. Victorinus composed commentaries on various texts within the Christians' Holy Scriptures.
Maxi Pereira
Victorio Maximiliano "Maxi" Pereira Páez (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmaksi peˈrejra]; born 8 June 1984) is a Uruguayan former professional footballer who played as a right-back.

He played with Defensor in Uruguay, joining Benfica in 2007 and going on to remain with the club for eight seasons, appearing in 333 official matches and winning 11 major titles. In 2015, he signed with Porto also in Portugal.

A Uruguay international on 125 occasions, Pereira represented the nation in three World Cups and four Copa América, winning the 2011 edition of the latter tournament.

2009–10 Taça da Liga
The 2009–10 Taça da Liga was the third edition of the Taça da Liga, also known as Carlsberg Cup for sponsorship reasons. The first matches were played on 1 August 2009. The final was played on 21 March 2010, with Benfica defeating Porto 3–0 to win their second Taça da Liga. The final was played at the Estádio Algarve, Faro.
Forklift
A forklift (also called industrial truck, lift truck, jitney, hi-lo, fork truck, fork hoist, and forklift truck) is a powered industrial truck used to lift and move materials over short distances.

The forklift was developed in the early 20th century by various companies, including Clark, which made transmissions, and Yale & Towne Manufacturing, which made hoists.

Since World War II, the development and use of the forklift truck has greatly expanded worldwide. Forklifts have become an indispensable piece of equipment in manufacturing and warehousing. In 2013, the top 20 manufacturers worldwide posted sales of $30.4 billion, with 944,405 machines sold.

Hoist (device)
A hoist is a device used for lifting or lowering a load by means of a drum or lift-wheel around which rope or chain wraps.  It may be manually operated, electrically or pneumatically driven and may use chain, fiber or wire rope as its lifting medium. The most familiar form is an elevator, the car of which is raised and lowered by a hoist mechanism.  Most hoists couple to their loads using a lifting hook.
2011 Rogers Cup
The 2011 Canada Masters (also known as the 2011 Rogers Cup presented by National Bank and the 2011 Rogers Cup for sponsorship reasons) was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Canada. It was the 122nd edition of the Canada Masters (110th for the women) and was part of the ATP World Tour Masters 1000 of the 2011 ATP World Tour and the Premier Series of the 2011 WTA Tour. The women's and legends event was held at the Rexall Centre in Toronto, Canada, and the men's event took place at the Uniprix Stadium in Montreal, Canada, from August 8 to August 14.

2011 ATP World Tour
The 2011 ATP World Tour was the elite men's professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2011 season. It was the 42nd edition of the tour and the calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments, supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the ATP World Tour Masters 1000, the ATP World Tour 500 series, the ATP World Tour 250 series, the ATP World Team Championship, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), and the ATP World Tour Finals. Also included in the 2011 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which does not distribute ranking points, and is organized by the ITF.

In singles, Novak Djokovic dominated the season. He won ten tournaments, including three Grand Slam (Australian Open, Wimbledon Championships and the US Open), and five Masters Series 1000 titles (Indian Wells, Miami, Madrid, Rome and Canada). He ended the year with a 6–0 record against Rafael Nadal and a 4–1 record against Roger Federer.
Castle Creek (South Dakota)
Castle Creek is a tributary of Rapid Creek, approximately 14 mi (23 km) long, in western South Dakota in the United States.

It rises out of Deerfield Reservoir, in the Black Hills in Pennington County approximately 15 mi (24 km) NNW of Custer. It flows north and east, joining Rapid Creek approximately 4 mi (6.4 km) west of Silver City.

Castle Creek received its name on account of castle-like rock formations of the nearby canyon.

Silver City, South Dakota
Silver City is an unincorporated community in Pennington County, South Dakota, United States, outside Rapid City. It lies at the head of Pactola Lake on Rapid Creek, and is about 5 miles west of U.S. Route 385 via a paved county road. It is not tracked by the U.S. Census Bureau.
Kuruçeşme
Kuruçeşme is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Beşiktaş, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,846 (2022). It is on the European side of the Bosphorus between the neighbourhoods of Ortaköy and Arnavutköy.

Historically, the neighbourhood was called by various names such as Bithias or Bythias, Kalamos, Amopolos, Bytharia. It was located in ancient Thrace and inhabited through Roman times. The present name refers to a historical fountain from the 15th century mosque built by Osman Efendi, the chief tezkire poet of Ottoman sultan Mehmed II (reigned 1444–1446, 1451–1481), and means literally the "Dried fountain".

The popular concert venue Paraf Kuruçeşme Arena is situated in Kuruçeşme and the Cemil Topuzlu Park in Kuruçeşme is the finish point of the annual Bosphorus Cross Continental Swim.

Bosporus
The Bosporus or Bosphorus Strait is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Turkey which is straddled by the city of  Istanbul. The Bosporus connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara and forms one of the continental boundaries between Asia and Europe. It also divides Turkey by separating Asia Minor from Thrace. It is the world's narrowest strait used for international navigation.

Most of the shores of the Bosporus Strait, except for the area to the north, are heavily settled, with the city of Istanbul's metropolitan population of 17 million inhabitants extending inland from both banks.

The Bosporus Strait and the Dardanelles Strait at the opposite end of the Sea of Marmara are together known as the Turkish Straits.

Sections of the shore of the Bosporus in Istanbul have been reinforced with concrete or rubble and those sections of the strait prone to deposition are periodically dredged.