hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antimony Peak
Antimony Peak is a steep peak of quartz diorite located in southern Kern County, in the San Emigdio Mountains of the Transverse Ranges of California. It is the taller one of two summits with that name in Kern County. The second Antimony Peak is in the Sierra Nevada Mountains; a third Antimony Peak, the shortest of the three, is in the Diablo Range on the boundary of San Benito County and Merced County, California.  All three of these peaks are in California, and no other mountains have this name in the United States.

The land is administered by the Los Padres National Forest. It was named in 1854 by W. P. Blake, a Pacific Railroad surveyor, after he identified a suspected vein of silver ore on the mountain as being the metalloid antimony.

Los Padres National Forest
Los Padres National Forest is a United States national forest in southern and central California. Administered by the United States Forest Service, Los Padres includes most of the mountainous land along the California coast from Ventura to Monterey, extending inland. Elevations range from sea level to 8,847 feet (2,697 m).
Helen Springs Station
Helen Springs Station more commonly known as Helen Springs is a pastoral lease that operates as a cattle station.

It is located about 104 kilometres (65 mi) south of Elliott and 340 kilometres (211 mi) east of Kalkaringi in the Northern Territory of Australia. The property shares a boundary with Banka Banka to the south, Eva Downs to the east, Ucharonidge and Tandyidgee to the north and Muckaty and Powell Creek Station to the west.

Banka Banka Station
Banka Banka Station is a location in the Northern Territory of Australia, 100 kilometres north of Tennant Creek along the Stuart Highway. The historic cattle station was the first operational pastoral lease in this region, and a supply camp during World War II, providing meat, eggs, fruits and vegetables. It was occupied and run by the Ward family and is still the site of a mudbrick homestead.

The station is on the lands of the Warumungu and Warlmanpa peoples who are its traditional owners.
2022 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
The 2022 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware was held on November 8, 2022, to elect the U.S. representative from Delaware's at-large congressional district. The election coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections. The incumbent Democrat Lisa Blunt Rochester won re-election to a fourth term.

The election had very low turnout and was the worst performance for the Democratic candidate since 2008 when incumbent Republican representative Mike Castle won reelection in a landslide. This was also the closest House race in the state since 1982.

2008 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
The 2008 United States House election in Delaware was held on November 4, 2008, to determine who will represent the state of Delaware in the United States House of Representatives for the 111th Congress, coinciding with the presidential election. The primary election was held on September 9, 2008.

Delaware has a single at-large representative in the House of Representatives. Republican incumbent Mike Castle was reelected for an eighth term. As of 2026, this is the last time where a Republican won a congressional race in Delaware, and the last statewide race where the Republican won New Castle County. It was an impressive display of ticket-splitting by Delaware voters, as Castle, a Republican, obtained over 60% of the vote, while the Democratic candidates in the concurrent presidential, Senate, and gubernatorial elections all received over 60% of the vote as well.
2006 IAAF World Cup – Results
These are the results of the 2006 IAAF World Cup, which took place in Athens, Greece on 16 and 17 September.

Five continental teams were present (Africa, America, Asia, Europe, and Oceania) and three full national teams competed (United States, Russia and host nation Greece). Furthermore – following victories at the 2006 European Cup on the men's and women's sides respectively – France fielded a men's team, while Poland fielded a women's team.

2006 IAAF World Cup
The 10th IAAF World Cup in Athletics was an international track and field sporting event, held under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, which took place on 16 and 17 September 2006 at the Olympic Stadium in Athens, Greece.
Have His Carcase
Have His Carcase is a 1932 locked-room mystery by Dorothy L. Sayers, her seventh novel featuring Lord Peter Wimsey and the second in which Harriet Vane appears. It is also included in the 1987 BBC TV series. The book marks a stage in the long drawn out courting of Harriet Vane by Wimsey. Though working closely with him on solving the book's mystery, she still refuses to marry him.

Mervyn Bunter
Mervyn Bunter is a fictional character in Dorothy L. Sayers's novels and short stories. He serves as Lord Peter Wimsey's valet, having been Wimsey's batman during the First World War. Bunter was partially based on the fictional valet Jeeves, created by P. G. Wodehouse.
BioTechniques
BioTechniques: the International Journal of Life Science Methods is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal published by Future Science Group. It covers laboratory methods and techniques that are of broad interest to professional life scientists, as well as scientists from other disciplines (e.g. physics, chemistry, engineering, computer sciences) interested in life science applications of their technologies. The journal was established in 1983 by Eaton Associates, which was acquired in 2001 by Informa. The journal was then acquired by Future Science Group in 2018. It is distributed in both print and online form.

The journal is supported by print and website advertising, and as of January 2019, began charging article processing fees to become a gold open access journal.

Future Medicine
Future Medicine is a privately owned company based in London, England, United Kingdom. It is part of Future Science Publishing Group, primarily to publish peer-reviewed medical journals. Future Medicine publishes hybrid and full open access journals.
Mystic River Reservation
Mystic River State Reservation is a publicly owned nature preserve with recreational features located along the Mystic River in the towns of Winchester, Arlington, Medford, Somerville, Everett, and Chelsea in eastern Massachusetts. The reserve is part of the nearly 76-square-mile (200 km2) Mystic River watershed. It is managed by the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation.

Winchester, Massachusetts
Winchester is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, located 8.2 miles (13.2 km) north of downtown Boston as part of the Greater Boston metropolitan area. It is also one of the wealthiest municipalities in Massachusetts. The population was 22,970 at the 2020 United States Census.
Cierva C.8
The Cierva C.8 is an experimental autogyro built by Juan de la Cierva in England in 1926 in association with Avro. Like Cierva's earlier autogyros, the C.8s were based on existing fixed-wing aircraft fuselages – in this case, the Avro 552.

Musée de l'air et de l'espace
The Musée de l'air et de l'espace (French pronunciation: [myze də lɛʁ e də lɛspas], lit. 'Air and Space Museum') is a French aerospace museum, located at the south-eastern edge of Paris–Le Bourget Airport, north of Paris, and in the commune of Le Bourget. It was inaugurated in 1919 after a proposal by the celebrated aeronautics engineer Albert Caquot (1881–1976).
Wolfe conditions
In the unconstrained minimization problem, the Wolfe conditions (also known as  the Armijo-Wolfe conditions in some books) are a set of inequalities for performing inexact line search, especially in quasi-Newton methods, first published by Philip Wolfe in 1969 (also named after Larry Armijo).

In these methods the idea is to find

for some smooth . Each step often involves approximately solving the subproblem

where  is the current best guess,  is a search direction, and  is the step length.

The inexact line searches provide an efficient way of computing an acceptable step length  that reduces the objective function 'sufficiently', rather than minimizing the objective function over  exactly. A line search algorithm can use Wolfe conditions as a requirement for any guessed , before finding a new search direction .

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Modern Assamese
Assamese is part of the easternmost group of the Indo-Aryan languages. History of Assamese literature can largely be classified into three periods, including: Early Assamese period (6th to 15th century A.D.), Middle Assamese period (17th to 19th Century A.D.) and, Modern Assamese (late 19th century onwards).

Asam Sahitya Sabha
The Asam Sahitya Sabha (Assamese: অসম সাহিত্য সভা, pronounced [ɔxɔm xaɦittjɔ xɔbʱa], lit. 'The Literary Society of Assam') is a non-government, non-profit, literary organisation of Assam. It was founded in December 1917 in Assam, India to promote the culture of Assam and Assamese literature. A branch of the organisation named Singapore Sahitya Sabha was launched in Singapore on 28 July 2019. Other foreign branches are located in London, Phoenix and Chicago.
Luftkurort
Luftkurort (German pronunciation: [ˈlʊftˌkuːɐ̯ʔɔʁt] ⓘ), literally meaning 'air spa', is a title given to towns or cities in Austria, Switzerland, and Germany which are health resorts which have a climate and air quality which is considered beneficial to health and recovery.    Tests are repeated on a regular basis to ensure that standards of air quality are maintained. A municipality with this classification can charge a health resort tax for all guests who spend the night there.

Destination spa
A destination spa or health resort is a resort centered on a spa, such as a mineral spa. Historically, many such spas were developed at the location of natural hot springs or mineral springs. In the era before modern biochemistry and pharmacotherapy, "taking the waters" was often believed to have great medicinal powers. Even without such mystic powers, the stress relief and health education of spas also often has some degree of positive effect on health. Destination spas offer day spa facilities, but what sets them apart is that they also offer hotel facilities so that people can stay multiple nights.

Typically, over a seven-day stay, they provide a comprehensive program that includes spa services, physical fitness activities, wellness education, healthy cuisine, and special interest programming.

A special subgroup are the medical spas who offer treatments that are paid back by the national health insurance program.
Dragomirești-Vale
Dragomirești-Vale is a commune in the southwestern part of Ilfov County, Muntenia, Romania. Its name is derived from Dragomir, a Romanian name of Slavic origin (from Драгомир, which means "precious and peaceful"), the suffix -ești, and  noun Vale, which means "valley".

A medium-size commune, it is composed of 3 villages: Dragomirești-Deal, Dragomirești-Vale, and Zurbaua.

The commune is situated near Bucharest, some 14 km (8.7 mi) away from the city centre and 4 km (2.5 mi) from the Bucharest–Pitești highway. The nearest airports are Henri Coandă International Airport in Otopeni (30 km away), and Aurel Vlaicu International Airport in Băneasa (25 km away).

Otopeni
Otopeni (Romanian pronunciation: [otoˈpenʲ]) is a town in Ilfov County, Muntenia, Romania, neighbouring the north of Bucharest along the DN1 road to Ploiești. It has 21,750 inhabitants, of which 99.0% are ethnic Romanians. One village, Odăile, is administered by the city.

Henri Coandă International Airport is located inside Otopeni. The head office of the airline TAROM is located inside the International Departures Terminal in the airport. In addition the head office of Țiriac Air is in Otopeni.
Takara
Takara Co., Ltd. (株式会社タカラ, Kabushiki gaisha Takara) was a Japanese toy company founded in 1955. In March 2006, the company merged with Tomy Company, Ltd. to form Takara Tomy. The Takara motto was「遊びは文化」("playing is culture").

The company focused on traditional toys and board games. They created the Licca-chan dolls, which has been referred to as "Japan's Barbie" in Western press. Some of the globally known toys and franchises that Takara invented include Transformers and Beyblade. Takara also held the license to localise and distribute Hasbro products in Japan including The Game of Life, Blythe dolls, Magic: The Gathering, Duel Masters trading card games. Takara was also involved in software, publishing video games based on its toys like Transformers and Choro Q / Penny Racers, porting SNK Neo Geo games to consoles, and the Battle Arena Toshinden series.

Jenny (doll)
Jenny (ジェニー, Jenī) is a 10½ inch fashion doll produced by Takara (the Japanese toy company now known as Takara Tomy) since 1982. The doll was known as Takara Barbie, and in 1986 the doll was renamed "Jenny" after Takara ended their licensing agreement with Mattel. Takara Barbie differs from a western Barbie.  Takara Barbie was altered to better appeal to Japanese preferences, with a shorter height, large rounded manga-style eyes and a closed mouth. Like her Western counterpart, Jenny wears a large variety of outfits, which often include street fashion, school uniforms, kimono, and other unique Japanese costumes, such as "Bullet-Train Stewardess Jenny".
Canyons of the Ancients Visitor Center and Museum
The Canyons of the Ancients Visitor Center and Museum (formerly the Anasazi Heritage Center) located in Dolores, Colorado, is an archaeological museum of Native American pueblo and hunter-gatherer cultures.  Two 12th-century archaeological sites, the Escalante and Dominguez Pueblos, at the center were once home to Ancient Pueblo peoples.    The museum's permanent and special exhibits display some of the 3 million mostly Ancestral Puebloan artifacts curated at the facility.  The center also houses a public research library, educational resources and a museum shop. Wheelchair-accessible facilities include a picnic area and an interpreted nature and cultural trail.

Kiva
A kiva (also estufa) is a space used by Puebloans for rites and political meetings, many of them associated with the kachina belief system. Among the modern Hopi and most other Pueblo peoples, "kiva" refers to a large, circular, underground room used for spiritual ceremonies and as a place of worship.

Similar subterranean rooms are found among ruins in the Southwestern United States, indicating uses by the ancient peoples of the region, including the ancestral Puebloans, the Mogollon culture, and the Hohokam. Those used by the ancient Pueblos of the Pueblo I period and following, designated by the Pecos Classification system developed by archaeologists, were usually round and evolved from simpler pit-houses. For the Ancestral Puebloans, these rooms are believed to have served a variety of functions, including domestic residence, social, and ceremonial purposes.
Crypto API (Linux)
Crypto API is a cryptography framework in the Linux kernel, for various parts of the kernel that deal with cryptography, such as IPsec and dm-crypt. It was introduced in kernel version 2.5.45 and has since expanded to include essentially all popular block ciphers and hash functions.

WolfSSL
wolfSSL is a small, portable, embedded SSL/TLS library targeted for use by embedded systems developers. It is an open source implementation of TLS (SSL 3.0, TLS 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and DTLS 1.0, 1.2, and 1.3) written in the C programming language. It includes SSL/TLS client libraries and an SSL/TLS server implementation as well as support for multiple APIs, including those defined by SSL and TLS. wolfSSL also includes an OpenSSL compatibility interface with the most commonly used OpenSSL functions.
Sanogoszcz
Sanogoszcz [saˈnɔɡɔʂt͡ʂ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Cielądz, within Rawa County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-west of Cielądz, 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Rawa Mazowiecka, and 59 km (37 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

The village has an approximate population of 170.

Cielądz
Cielądz [ˈt͡ɕɛlɔnt͡s] is a village in Rawa County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Cielądz. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Rawa Mazowiecka and 62 km (39 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.
Ian Ward (physicist)
Ian Macmillan Ward FRS FInstP (9 April 1928 – 5 November 2018) was a British physicist specialising in polymer science. He was Cavendish Professor of Physics in the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Leeds where he was also chairman of the School of Physics and Astronomy and first director of the Polymer Interdisciplinary Research Centre.

Fellow of the Institute of Physics
Fellowship of the Institute of Physics (FInstP) is "the highest level of membership attainable" by physicists who are members of the Institute of Physics (IOP), "for those with a degree in physics or related subject (or equivalent knowledge gained in the workplace) and who have made a significant impact on their sector"; it is for "distinguished physicists in recognition of their accomplishments".

Honorary Fellowship (HonFInstP) is for "exceptional individuals" who can be nominated in recognition of having "contributed to physics generally or to the work of the IOP", working in fields including business, education, research, and policy relating to physics. The Institute's bye-laws limit the number of fellows in this category to being not more than 100 living Honorary Fellows at any one time.
A Nightmare To Remember
A Nightmare To Remember is annual professional wrestling memorial event produced by the LN Promotions promotion with shows in 2011 and 2012, in memory of "The Nightmare" Ted Allen, a popular masked wrestler during the 1980s and an icon on the Georgia independent circuit, who died from a heart attack at his home in Cartersville, Georgia on August 19, 2010.

Villa Rica, Georgia
Villa Rica /ˌvɪlə ˈrɪkə/ (Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese translation: Rich Village) is a city in Carroll and Douglas counties in the U.S. state of Georgia. Villa Rica is placed in the Atlanta metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, Villa Rica had a population of 16,970.

Additionally, there are unincorporated areas in Paulding County with Villa Rica postal addresses.
Jacksonville metropolitan area
The Jacksonville Metropolitan Area, also called the First Coast, Metro Jacksonville, or Northeast Florida, is the metropolitan area centered on the principal city of Jacksonville, Florida and including the First Coast of North Florida. As of the 2020 census, the total population was 1,605,848. The Jacksonville–Kingsland–Palatka, FL–GA Combined Statistical Area (CSA) had a population of 1,733,937 in 2020 and was the 34th largest CSA in the United States. The Jacksonville metropolitan area is the 40th largest in the country and the fourth largest in the State of Florida, behind the Miami, Tampa, and Orlando metropolitan areas.

Florida State Road 126
State Road 126 (SR 126) is a 2.373-mile-long (3.819 km) state highway in southern Jacksonville, in the U.S. state of Florida, traveling along Emerson Street. It travels from SR 13 (Hendricks Avenue) east across U.S. Route 1 (US 1; SR 5; Philips Highway) and Interstate 95 (I-95; SR 9). East of I-95, SR 126 splits from Emerson Street, turning northeast on the beginning of the Emerson Expressway (originally the Emerson Leg of the Hart Bridge Expressway). SR 126 ends where the Emerson Expressway becomes a divided freeway. (Emerson Street continues east as a city street to Spring Glen Road just south of US 90 (Beach Boulevard; SR 212).
1st Royal Surrey Militia
The 1st Royal Surrey Militia, later the 3rd Battalion, East Surrey Regiment was an auxiliary regiment raised in Surrey in the Home Counties of  England. From its formal creation in 1759 the regiment served in home defence in all of Britain's major wars until 1918, seeing active service in the Second Boer War and supplying reinforcements to the East Surreys during World War I.

Dover Western Heights
The Western Heights of Dover is a series of forts and ditches in Dover, England. They were created in the 18th and 19th centuries to augment the existing defences and protect the key port of Dover from both seaward and landward attack. In the early 20th century, the Dover Western Heights was collectively reputed to be the "strongest and most elaborate" fortification in the country. The Army withdrew from the Heights in 1956–61. They are now a local nature reserve.
Lei Tung station
Lei Tung (Chinese: 利東; Cantonese Yale: Leihdūng) is an underground MTR rapid transit station in Hong Kong on the eastern section of the South Island line, located beside Mount Johnston on Ap Lei Chau in Southern District.

The station is named after the adjacent public housing estate of the same name, which it serves in addition to Ap Lei Chau Main Street. The station is located below Yue On Court and Lei Tung Estate. It is the southernmost railway station in Hong Kong.

Mount Johnston (Hong Kong)
Mount Johnston (Chinese: 玉桂山), also known as Yuk Kwai Shan, is a hill located on the island of Ap Lei Chau in Hong Kong. The hill is 196m in height and is a popular site for hiking. A narrow tombolo connects the ocean facing shore of Mount Johnston to Ap Lei Pai.
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of surfactant-derived lipoprotein compounds within the alveoli of the lung. The accumulated substances interfere with the normal gas exchange and expansion of the lungs, ultimately leading to difficulty breathing and a predisposition to developing lung infections. The causes of PAP may be grouped into primary (autoimmune PAP, hereditary PAP), secondary (multiple diseases), and congenital (multiple diseases, usually genetic) causes, although the most common cause is a primary autoimmune condition in an individual.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), also known as colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), is a monomeric glycoprotein secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, natural killer cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts that functions as a cytokine. The pharmaceutical analogs of naturally occurring GM-CSF are called sargramostim and molgramostim.

Unlike granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which specifically promotes neutrophil proliferation and maturation, GM-CSF affects more cell types, especially macrophages and eosinophils.