hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Broad Chalke
Broad Chalke, sometimes spelled Broadchalke, Broad Chalk or Broadchalk, is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, about 8 miles (13 km) west of the city of Salisbury. The civil parish includes the hamlets of Knapp, Mount Sorrel and Stoke Farthing.

Salisbury
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bər-ee, locally /ˈsɔːzbəri/ SAWZ-bər-ee) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum. A new cathedral was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum. This continued to be its official name until 2009, when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Line and the Wessex Main Line.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.
Chief information officer
A chief information officer (CIO), chief digital information officer (CDIO), or information technology (IT) director is a job title commonly given to the most senior executive in an enterprise who works with information technology and computer systems, in order to support enterprise goals.

Normally, the CIO reports directly to the Managing Director. In military organizations, the CIO reports to the commanding officer. The role of chief information officer was first defined in 1981 by  William R. Synnott, former senior vice president of the Bank of Boston, and William H. Gruber, a former professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management. A CIO will sometimes serve as a member of the board of directors.

Chief digital officer
A chief digital officer (CDO) or a chief digital information officer (CDIO) is an individual who helps a company, a government organization or a city drive growth by converting traditional "analog" businesses to digital ones using the potential of modern online technologies and data (i.e., digital transformation), and at times oversees operations in the rapidly changing digital sectors like mobile applications, social media and related applications, virtual goods, as well as web-based information management and marketing.
Lost Our Lisa
"Lost Our Lisa" is the twenty-fourth and penultimate episode of the ninth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on May 10, 1998. The episode contains the last appearance of the character Lionel Hutz, albeit in a non-speaking role (his last speaking appearance is the earlier episode "Realty Bites"). When Lisa learns that Marge cannot give her a ride to the museum and forbids her to take the bus, she deceives Homer into giving her permission. After Lisa gets lost, Homer goes looking for her and the duo end up visiting the museum together.

The episode is analyzed in the books Planet Simpson, The Psychology of the Simpsons: D'oh! and The Simpsons and Philosophy: The D'oh! of Homer and received positive mention in I Can't Believe It's a Bigger and Better Updated Unofficial Simpsons Guide.

Realty Bites
"Realty Bites" is the ninth episode of the ninth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on December 7, 1997. The episode sees Marge becoming a real estate agent, while Homer enjoys Snake's car. It was written by Dan Greaney and directed by Swinton O. Scott III.

This episode features the final speaking appearance of Lionel Hutz, five months before the death of Phil Hartman. It also features the first appearance of prolific recurring characters Gil Gunderson and Cookie Kwan, both of whom have appeared in over 100 subsequent episodes. The episode's development grew out of a desire by the writers to do a show focused on Marge, where her job did not work out.

The episode is featured in a special 2003 DVD compilation called The Simpsons: Risky Business, along with "Marge Gets a Job", "Deep Space Homer", and "Homer the Smithers".
Grid plan
In urban planning, the grid plan, grid street plan, or gridiron plan is a type of city plan in which streets run perpendicular (at right angles) to each other, forming a grid.

Two inherent characteristics of the grid plan, frequent intersections and orthogonal geometry, facilitate movement. The geometry helps with orientation and wayfinding and its frequent intersections with the choice and directness of route to desired destinations.

In ancient Rome, the grid plan method of land measurement was called centuriation. The grid plan dates from antiquity and originated in multiple cultures; some of the earliest planned cities were built using grid plans in the Indian subcontinent.

Subdivision (land)
Subdivisions are land that is divided into pieces that are easier to sell or otherwise develop, usually via a plat. The former single piece as a whole is then known as a subdivision. Subdivisions may be simple, involving only a single seller and buyer, or complex, involving large tracts of land divided into many smaller parcels.  If it is used for housing it is typically known as a housing subdivision or housing development, although some developers tend to call these areas communities.

Subdivisions may also be for the purpose of commercial or industrial development, and the results vary from retail shopping malls with independently owned out parcels to industrial parks.
GFRα
The GDNF family receptor-α (GFRα) proteins are a group of co-receptors which form complexes with GDNF-family ligands (GFLs) to activate RET, the receptor of the GFLs. The GFRα co-receptors include the following:

GFRα1 – preference for GDNF

GFRα2 – preference for neurturin

GFRα3 – preference for artemin

GFRα4 – preference for persephin

GFRAL - receptor for GDF15

GDNF family of ligands
The GDNF family of ligands (GFL) consists of four neurotrophic factors: glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurturin (NRTN), artemin (ARTN), and persephin (PSPN). GFLs have been shown to play a role in a number of biological processes including cell survival, neurite outgrowth, cell differentiation and cell migration. In particular signalling by GDNF promotes the survival of dopaminergic neurons.
New Praya, Kennedy Town
New Praya, Kennedy Town (Chinese: 堅彌地城新海旁), also known as Kennedy Town New Praya or New Praya (新海旁街), is a seaside street in Kennedy Town, Hong Kong Island, connected to Sands Street in the east and Cadogan Street in the west. It is a one-way eastbound road. After the reclamation of Belcher Bay, the New Praya, Kennedy Town replaced Catchick Street and became the new promenade in Victoria Harbour West.

Belcher Bay
Belcher Bay is a bay at Kennedy Town on the northwest shore of Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong. It is located east of Sulphur Channel. The bay is named after Edward Belcher, a Nova Scotia-born British naval officer who surveyed the surrounding water and land in the Victoria Harbour in 1841. Green Island and Little Green Island are located within the bay.

It is currently used as a site for larger ships to load and unload goods between barges instead of mooring along docks.

In 2019, Belcher Bay Promenade opened in phases. However, due to a plan to build a road connecting western Hong Kong Island to the northeastern part of Lantau Island, land reclamation in front of the promenade would be necessary and would require the closure of the area for five years.
Arrondissements of the Haute-Vienne department
The 3 arrondissements of the Haute-Vienne department are:

Arrondissement of Bellac, (subprefecture: Bellac) with 57 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 37,903 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Limoges, (prefecture of the Haute-Vienne department: Limoges) with 108 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 296,099 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Rochechouart, (subprefecture: Rochechouart) with 30 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 37,689 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Limoges
The arrondissement of Limoges is an arrondissement of France in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It has 108 communes. Its population is 296,099 (2021), and its area is 2,944.8 km2 (1,137.0 sq mi).
Tariqe Fosu
Tariqe Kumahl Malachi Akwesi Fosu (born 5 November 1995), sometimes known as Tariqe Fosu-Henry, is a professional footballer who plays as a left winger. Born in England, Fosu plays for the Ghana national team at international level.

A product of the Reading academy, Fosu rose to prominence at Charlton Athletic and Oxford United, before transferring to Brentford in January 2020. After a 3+1⁄2-year spell and then a year out of football, he transferred to Northampton Town in 2024. Fosu was capped by England at U18 level and made his senior international debut for Ghana in October 2020.

2019 EFL play-offs
The English Football League play-offs for the 2018–19 season 
(referred to as the Sky Bet Play-Offs for sponsorship reasons) were held in April 2019 with all finals played at Wembley Stadium in London. The play-offs will begin in each league with two semi-finals played over two legs. The teams who finish in 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th place in the Championship and League One and the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th-placed teams in League Two are set to compete. The winners of the semi-finals advance to the finals, with the winners gaining promotion for the following season.
Miss Belgium 2015
Miss Belgium 2015 the 47th Miss Belgium pageant, held on January 10, 2015 at the Plopsaland Theater in De Panne, Belgium. There were 30 contestants representing provinces and municipalities of Belgium.

The winner, Annelies Törös, Miss Antwerp, entered Miss Universe 2015. The first runner up, Leylah Alliët,  entered Miss World 2015.

Miss World 2015
Miss World 2015 was the 65th edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Crown of Beauty Theatre in Sanya, Hainan, China, on 19 December 2015. Rolene Strauss of South Africa crowned Mireia Lalaguna of Spain as her successor at the end of the event. It was the first time in the history of Miss World that Spain won the pageant. Since this year, the swimsuit competition (Miss World Beach Beauty) has been officially removed from the pageant.
Didymocheton alliaceus
Didymocheton alliaceus is a species of flowering plant in the mahogany family, Meliaceae. It is a tree native to the tropical Pacific islands, ranging from the Solomon Islands to the Caroline Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, Niue, Tonga, and the Samoan Islands. It is most closely related to Didymocheton mollissimus of Malesia and mainland Southeast Asia, D. mollis of the Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, and Sulawesi, and D. muelleri of northeastern Australia.

The species was first described as Trichilia alliacea by Georg Forster in 1786. It was reclassified as Didymocheton alliaceus in 2021.

Didymocheton mollissimus
Didymocheton mollissimus is a species of tree in the family Meliaceae. It ranges from eastern India and Bangladesh to southern China, Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra, Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, and the Philippines, where it grows in lowland tropical moist forests.

The species was first described as Trichilia mollissima by Kurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel in 1827. The specific epithet mollissima is from the Latin meaning 'very soft', referring to the leaf hairs. It was later renamed Dysoxylum mollissimum. A study published in 2021 found the genus Dysoxylum to be polyphyletic, and the species was placed in the revived genus Didymocheton as D. mollisimus. The former subspecies Dysoxylum mollisimum subsp. molle, native from Sulawesi east to the Solomon Islands, is now recognised as a distinct species, Didymocheton mollis.
Kiandra Ramadhipa
Muhammad Kiandra Ramadhipa (born 4 December 2009) is an Indonesian motorcycle racer who is set to compete in the 2026 FIM Moto3 Junior World Championship for Honda Asia-Dream Racing Junior Team, as well as in the 2026 Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup.

Kiandra is an Asia Talent Cup graduate, having raced in the cup in 2024.

Sepang International Circuit
Sepang International Circuit (Malay: Litar Antarabangsa Sepang) (known as Petronas Sepang International Circuit for commercial reasons) is a motorsport race track in Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia. It is located approximately 45-kilometre (28 mi) south of Kuala Lumpur, close to Kuala Lumpur International Airport. It hosted the Formula One Malaysian Grand Prix between 1999 and 2017, and is also the venue for the Malaysian Motorcycle Grand Prix, the Malaysia Merdeka Endurance Race, and other major motorsport events. Previously known as the Sepang F1 Circuit, it was renamed the Sepang International Circuit. On 31 October 2023, it was announced that Petronas has acquired the naming rights to the circuit for three years in an undisclosed fee.
2019 Norwegian First Division
The 2019 1. divisjon (referred to as OBOS-ligaen for sponsorship reasons) was a Norwegian second-tier football league season.

Aalesund set a new record for most points in a 1. divisjon season with 79. They surpassed IK Start's previous record of 74 points, from the 2004 season.

2004 Norwegian First Division
The 2004 1. divisjon was a Norwegian second-tier football season. The season kicked off on 12 April 2004, and the final round was played on 31 October 2004.

Start were promoted to the 2005 Tippeligaen as First Division winners, along with Aalesund who finished second. Start will be playing in the top division for the first time since 2002. Aalesund, meanwhile, returned to the top flight after being relegated in 2003.

As in previous seasons, there was a two-legged promotion play-off at the end of the season, between the third-placed team in the 1. divisjon (Kongsvinger) and the twelfth-placed team in the Tippeligaen (Bodø/Glimt). Bodø/Glimt kept their spot in the Tippeligaen, beating Kongsvinger 4–1 on aggregate.
The Upper Room (paintings)
The Upper Room is an installation of 13 paintings of rhesus macaque monkeys by English artist Chris Ofili in a specially designed room. It was bought by the Tate gallery in 2005 from the Victoria Miro Gallery and was the cause of a media furore after a campaign initiated by the Stuckist art group as Ofili was on the board of Tate trustees at the time of the purchase. In 2006 the Charity Commission censured the Tate for the purchase, but did not revoke it.

Chris Ofili
Christopher Ofili, CBE (born 10 October 1968) is a British painter who won the Turner Prize in 1998. He has used resin, beads, oil paint, glitter, lumps of elephant dung and cut-outs from pornographic magazines as painting elements. Ofili's work has been classified as punk art. He currently lives in Trinidad.
Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Women's 800 metres T34
The T34 category is for wheelchair athletes with cerebral palsy. Athletes in this category have minimal limitations or control problems in their arms and trunk while pushing a wheelchair.

The Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Women's 800 metres T34 event at the 2016 Paralympic Games took place on 16 September 2016, at the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange.

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Athletics events at the 2016 Summer Paralympics were held in the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 8 to 18 September 2016. 177 events were held across both genders where 1,100 athletes competed. The athletics programme was the largest element of the Games programme in terms of entrants and medals awarded.
Uta Barth
Uta Barth (born 1958) is a contemporary German-American photographer whose work addresses themes such as perception, optical illusion and non-place. Her early work emerged in the late 1980s and 1990s, "inverting the notion of background and foreground" in photography and bringing awareness to a viewer's attention to visual information with in the photographic frame. Her work is as much about vision and perception as it is about the failure to see, the faith humans place in the mechanics of perception, and the precarious nature of perceptual habits. Barth's says this about her art practice: “The question for me always is how can I make you aware of your own looking, instead of losing your attention to thoughts about what it is that you are looking at." She has been honored with two National Endowments of the Arts fellowships, was a recipient of the John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship in 2004‑05, and was a 2012 MacArthur Fellow. Barth lives and works in Los Angeles, California.

J. Paul Getty Museum
The J. Paul Getty Museum, commonly referred to as the Getty, is an American art museum in Los Angeles, California, housed on two campuses: the Getty Center and Getty Villa. It is operated by the J. Paul Getty Trust, the world's wealthiest art institution.

The Getty Center is located in the Brentwood neighborhood of Los Angeles and features pre-20th-century European paintings, drawings, illuminated manuscripts, sculpture, decorative arts, and photographs from the inception of photography through present day from all over the world. The original Getty museum, the Getty Villa, is located in the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles and displays art from Ancient Greece, Rome, and Etruria.
Pinched torus
In mathematics, and especially topology and differential geometry, a pinched torus (or croissant surface) is a kind of two-dimensional surface. It gets its name from its resemblance to a torus that has been pinched at a single point. A pinched torus is an example of an orientable, compact 2-dimensional pseudomanifold.

Surface (topology)
In topology, a surface is a two-dimensional manifold. Some surfaces arise as the boundaries of three-dimensional solid figures; for example, the sphere is the boundary of the solid ball. Other surfaces arise as graphs of functions of two variables; see the figure at right. However, surfaces can also be defined abstractly, without reference to any ambient space. For example, the Klein bottle is a surface that cannot be embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space.

Topological surfaces are sometimes equipped with additional information, such as a Riemannian metric or a complex structure, that connects them to other disciplines within mathematics, such as differential geometry and complex analysis. The various mathematical notions of surface can be used to model surfaces in the physical world.
Drymos, Aetolia-Acarnania
Drymos, Aetolia-Acarnania is a settlement located in the municipality of Aktio-Vonitsa, roughly between the cities of Amfilochia and Vonitsa. It is near the ancient town of Drymus. Recent archaeological excavations have uncovered an early Christian basilica on the outer perimeter of the settlement.

Amfilochia
Amfilochia (Greek: Αμφιλοχία) is a town and a municipality in the northwestern part of Aetolia-Acarnania in Greece, on the site of ancient Amfilochia.  Under the Ottoman Empire, it was known as Karvasaras (Καρβασαράς; Kervansaray in Turkish, from caravanserai).

Amfilochia is situated by the Ambracian Gulf and features an amphitheatre.  Amfilochia dates back to the ancient times and also features the ancient cities of Amphilochian Argos and Limnaia (or Limnaea).
Murders of Gary Matson and Winfield Mowder
Gary Matson (April 6, 1949 — July 1, 1999) and Winfield Mowder (May 30, 1959 — July 1, 1999) were a gay couple from Redding, California, who were murdered by white supremacist brothers Benjamin Matthew Williams and James Tyler Williams. The Williams brothers confessed to killing the couple because they were gay.

.22 caliber
.22 caliber, or 5.6 mm, refers to a common firearms bore diameter of 0.22 inch (5.6 mm) in both rimfire and centerfire cartridges.

Cartridges in this caliber include the very widely used .22 Long Rifle and .223 Remington/5.56×45mm NATO.

.22 inch is also a popular air gun pellet caliber, second only to the ubiquitous .177 caliber.
Escher (programming language)
Escher (named for M. C. Escher, "a master of endless loops") is a declarative programming language that supports both functional programming and logic programming models, developed by J.W. Lloyd in the mid-1990s. It was designed mostly as a research and teaching vehicle. The basic view of programming exhibited by Escher and related languages is that a program is a representation of a theory in some logic framework, and the program's execution (computation) is a deduction from the theory. The logic framework for Escher is Alonzo Church's simple theory of types.

Escher, notably, supports I/O through a monadic type representing the 'outside world', in the style of Haskell.
One of the goals of Escher's designers was to support meta-programming, and so the language has comprehensive support for generating and transforming programs.

Haskell
Haskell (/ˈhæskəl/) is a general-purpose, statically typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. Haskell pioneered several programming language features including type classes for type-safe operator overloading and monadic input/output (IO). It is named after logician Haskell Curry. Haskell's main implementation is the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC).

Haskell's semantics are historically based on those of the Miranda programming language, which served to focus the efforts of the initial Haskell working group. The last formal specification of the language was made in July 2010, while the development of GHC continues to expand Haskell via language extensions.

Haskell is used in academia and industry. As of May 2021, Haskell was the 28th most popular programming language by Google searches for tutorials,  and made up less than 1% of active users on the GitHub source code repository.
Terry Gilliam filmography
American-born British actor and filmmaker Terry Gilliam, known for his work with the Monty Python comedy troupe, has directed 13 feature films and five short films, and written for several additional films and television series. He received the 1988 BAFTA Award along with other Monty Python members for Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema, and in 2009 received the BAFTA Fellowship for lifetime achievement.

Secret Tournament
"Secret Tournament" (also known as "Scorpion KO" or "The Cage") was a Nike global advertising campaign coinciding with the 2002 FIFA World Cup. With a marketing budget estimated at US$100 million, the advert featured 24 top contemporary football players and former player Eric Cantona as the tournament "referee". It was directed by film director and Monty Python member Terry Gilliam.
Heartland rock
Heartland rock is a genre of rock music characterized by a straightforward, often roots musical style, often with a focus on blue-collar workers, and a conviction that rock music has a social or communal purpose beyond just entertainment.

The genre is exemplified by singer-songwriters Tom Petty, Bob Seger, Bruce Springsteen, Jackson Browne, Michael Stanley, and John Mellencamp and country music artists, including Steve Earle and Joe Ely. The genre developed in the 1970s and reached its commercial peak in the 1980s when it became one of the best-selling genres in the United States. In the 1990s, many established acts faded and the genre began to fragment, but the major figures have continued to record with commercial success.

Americana music
Americana is a general term for country rock and rockabilly formed by the confluence of the shared and varied traditions that make up the musical ethos of the United States, with particular emphasis on music historically developed in the American South.