hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Enrique José Varona
Enrique José Varona (April 13, 1848, Puerto Principe, Cuba – November 13, 1933, Havana) was a Cuban author.

He was educated in Puerto Principe, and began his literary career in 1864 as a contributor to reviews. In 1874, he moved to Havana, dividing his time between teaching and journalism. In 1885 he was elected representative for Puerto Principe in the Cortes in Madrid. In 1885 he founded the Revista Cubana, a literary, scientific, and philosophical review.

During the US Military Occupation of Cuba, Varona was appointed Minister of Finance, and later as Minister of Public Instruction. He was elected in 1912 as Vice President of Cuba under President Mario García Menocal. Varona retired to a private academic and literary life in 1917.

Vice President of Cuba
The vice president of Cuba, previously the vice president of the Council of State between 1976 and 2019, is the second highest political position obtainable in the Council of State of Cuba. Currently there is a provision for several vice presidents, who are elected in the same manner as the president of Cuba.

Historically, the vice president of Cuba was elected in the same ticket with the president. The position has been in use 1902–1928, 1936, 1940–1958, and since 1976.
Cedestis gysseleniella
Cedestis gysseleniella is a moth of the family Yponomeutidae. It is found in Europe and parts of Russia.

The wingspan is 11–13 mm. Adults are on wing from June to July depending on the location.

The larvae feed on Abies alba, Abies fabri, Pinus mugo, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus tabuliformis, and Pinus contorta. 
Although Vaccinium myrtillus has been listed as host plant in Gershenson and Ulenberg 1998, this listing is considered "suspicious"  by the more recently published Lewis and Sohn 2015.

Ermine moth
Certain members of the unrelated snout moths (Pyralidae) are also known as "ermine moths." Spilosoma lubricipeda is an unrelated moth with the common name "white ermine."

An ermine moth is any moth in the family Yponomeutidae, which has several hundred species, most of them in the tropics. The larvae tend to form communal webs, and some are minor pests in agriculture, forestry, and horticulture. Adult moths are minor pollinators.
Wolbrom
Wolbrom [ˈvɔlbrɔm] (Yiddish: וואָלבראָם, romanized: Volbrom) is a town in Olkusz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland, with 8,942 people (2010).

Wolbrom lies in the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, which is also called the Polish Jura. South of the town there is Kamienna Mountain, with a steel cross on top, and a great view of Wolbrom. The town lies 375–380 meters (1,230–1,247 ft) above sea level, and its area, as of 1 January 2011, was 10.12 square kilometers (3.91 sq mi). In 1885, Wolbrom received a rail station, along a newly built route from Dęblin to Dąbrowa Górnicza. The town is also located along the Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line.

Dąbrowa Górnicza
Dąbrowa Górnicza (Polish pronunciation: [dɔmˈbrɔva ɡurˈɲit͡ʂa] ⓘ) is a city in Zagłębie Dąbrowskie, southern Poland, near Katowice and Sosnowiec. It is located in eastern part of the Silesian Voivodeship, on the Czarna Przemsza and Biała Przemsza rivers (tributaries of the Vistula, see Przemsza).

Even though Dąbrowa Górnicza belongs to the historic province of Lesser Poland, it now is situated in the Silesian Voivodeship. Dąbrowa Górnicza is one of the cities of the Katowice urban area (2.7 million people), and within the greater Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area (5.2 million people). The population of the city itself as of December 2021 is 116,971.
Australian Art Association
The Australian Art Association, known as 'The Three A's' or 'AArtA', was a national body founded in Melbourne, Victoria, in 1912 by Edward Officer (inaugural president) John Mather, Frederick McCubbin, Max Meldrum and Walter Withers.

Frank R. Crozier
Francis Rossiter Crozier (c. July 1883 – 22 October 1948) was a war records artist who is represented in the Australian War Memorial's art collection along with other Australian official war artists such as H. Septimus Power, Arthur Streeton, George Washington Lambert and Ivor Hele.
Gnevyshev–Ohl rule
The Gnevyshev–Ohl rule (GO rule) is an empirical rule according to which the sum of Wolf's sunspot numbers in odd cycles with preceding even cycles (E+O) are highly correlated and the correlation is lower if even cycles and preceding odd ones (O+E) are taken (see Figure 1). Sometimes a simplified formulation of the rule is used, according to which the sums over odd cycles exceeds those of the preceding even cycles (see Figure 2).
The rule breaks down under certain conditions. In particular, it inverts sign across the Dalton minimum, but can be restored with the "lost cycle" in the end of the 18th century. The nature of the GO rule is still unclear.

Sunspot number
The Wolf number (also known as the relative sunspot number or Zürich number) is a quantity that measures the number of sunspots and groups of sunspots present on the surface of the Sun. Historically, it was only possible to detect sunspots on the far side of the Sun indirectly using helioseismology. Since 2006, NASA's STEREO spacecrafts allow their direct observation.
The Shoppes at South Hills
The Shoppes at South Hills, formerly South Hills Mall, was a shopping mall on U.S. 9, now converted into a strip mall, in the town of Poughkeepsie, New York. The 675,000 ft² plaza opened in 1974 and included two anchors, Sears and Kmart, at opposite ends of the mall. Currently, The Shoppes at South Hills are owned and operated by DLC Management Corporation.

The mall is adjacent to its more successful rival, the Poughkeepsie Galleria, and the two properties are linked by a series of roads between the two properties. These roads pass directly in front of a Lowe's, situated on land between the Shoppes and the Galleria. The Galleria's existence led to the slow decline and eventual closure of South Hills Mall. Following the closing of the indoor mall, the mall was demolished, rebuilt, rebranded, and reopened in 2008 as an outdoor strip mall.

OfficeMax
OfficeMax is an American office supplies retailer founded in 1988. As an independent chain, it was the third-largest office supply retailer in the United States. Following a 2013 merger, it is currently a brand and subsidiary of Office Depot.
Işıl Alben
Işıl Alben (born 22 February 1986) is a Turkish retired professional basketball player, who is often considered to be among the top Turkish female athletes. She was the captain of the first Turkish team that won the EuroLeague title in 2014.

On 3 June 2023, Alben announced her retirement as a professional basketball player.

İstanbul Üniversitesi SK
İstanbul Üniversitesi SK is a Turkish women's basketball club based in Istanbul, Turkey. The club plays in the Turkish Regional League (KBBL), the third level women's basketball league in Turkey. İstanbul Üniversitesi has a championship in the Turkish Super League, the highest basketball women's league in Turkey.
RS Venture
The RS Venture launched by RS Sailing in 2011 and designed by Phil Morrison is a large, modern GRP dinghy. The design concept was to deliver a large multi-role dinghy suitable for cruising, training or even club racing, in response to growing demand from training centres, private customers and international RS dealers. The RS Venture can take a maximum capacity of 8 crew, however can also be sailed by just 2 making it popular with RYA training schools as well as racing and cruising families. The RS Venture can be purchased from any RS dealer around the world and in 2013 has won Sailing World's Boat of the Year accolade.

Dinghy
A dinghy  is a type of small boat, often carried or towed by a larger vessel for use as a tender. Utility dinghies are usually rowboats or have an outboard motor.  Some are rigged for sailing but they differ from sailing dinghies, which are designed first and foremost for sailing.  A dinghy's main use is for transfers from larger boats, especially when the larger boat cannot dock at a suitably-sized port or marina.

The term "dinghy towing" sometimes is used to refer to the practice of towing a car or other smaller vehicle behind a motorhome, by analogy to towing a dinghy behind a yacht.
Darsham
Darsham is a village in Suffolk, England. It is located approximately 4 miles (6 km) north-east of Saxmundham. The village is bypassed by the A12 and is served by Darsham railway station, which is approximately one mile away from the village centre, on the Ipswich-Lowestoft East Suffolk Line.

The name of the village of Darsham derives from Deores Ham — home of the deer. This name is borne out by early reference to local roadways as chaseways.  There was hunting in this area as late as the 18th century. Darsham is a mixed community with six farms. The village still has a pub, The Fox, however over the past few years the village has lost its school, shop and post office.

The garage on the A12, now primarily a petrol station, has a cafe and a shop.  There is also a farm shop, a handmade tile factory, a pottery, a builder, an irrigation contractor, seed and feed merchants and a cafe, a private nursing home and a plant nursery with a shop and restaurant.

Lowestoft
Lowestoft (/ˈloʊ(ɪ)stɒft, ˈloʊstəf/ LOH-(ih)-stoft, LOH-stəf) is a coastal town and civil parish in the East Suffolk district of Suffolk, England. As the most easterly UK settlement, it is 38 miles (61 km) north-east of Ipswich and 22 miles (35 km) south-east of Norwich, and the main town in its district. Its development grew with the fishing industry and as a seaside resort with wide sandy beaches. As fishing declined, oil and gas exploitation in the North Sea in the 1960s took over. In 2021 the built-up area had a population of 71,327 and the parish had a population of 47,879.
Christianity in Iran
In Iran, Christianity dates back to the early years of the religion. Through this time the Christian faith has always been followed by a minority of the population of Iran under its different state religions: Zoroastrianism in ancient Persia, followed by Sunni Islam in the Middle Ages after the Arab conquest, then Shia Islam since the Safavid conversion of the 15th century. However, Christians comprised a larger share of the population in the past than they do today. Iranian Christians have played a significant part in the historical Christian mission: currently, there are at least 600 churches and 300,000–370,000 converts.

Iranian Assemblies of God Church
Iranian Assemblies of God Church (Persian: جماعت ربانی) is the Iranian branch of the Assemblies of God, one of the largest evangelical Pentecostal Christian churches. It has its centre in Tehran, Iran.

Many (about 80%) of its adherents are converts from Islam, the remainder are converts from Iranian Christian ethnic minorities. The services are conducted in Persian and Armenian.
Bulgarians in Hungary
Bulgarians (Hungarian: bolgárok) are one of the thirteen officially recognized ethnic minorities in Hungary (Bulgarian: Унгария, Ungaria; old name Маджарско, Madzharsko) since the Rights of National and Ethnic Minorities Act was enacted by the National Assembly of Hungary on 7 July 1993. They number 2,316 and amount to 0.02% of the country's total population according to the 2001 census, but are estimated between 2,000 and 7,000 according to different authors.

Cyril and Methodius
Cyril (Greek: Κύριλλος, romanized: Kýrillos; born Constantine [Greek: Κωνσταντίνος, romanized: Konstantínos]; 826–869) and Methodius (Μεθόδιος, Methódios; born Michael [Greek: Μιχαήλ, romanized: Michaíl]; 815–885) were brothers, Byzantine Christian theologians and missionaries. For their work evangelizing the Slavs, they are known as the "Apostles to the Slavs".

They are credited with devising the Glagolitic alphabet, the first alphabet used to transcribe Old Church Slavonic. After their deaths, their pupils continued their missionary work among other Slavs. Both brothers are venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church as saints with the title of "equal-to-apostles". In 1880, Pope Leo XIII introduced their feast into the calendar of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church. In 1980, the first Slav pope, Pope John Paul II declared them co-patron saints of Europe, together with Benedict of Nursia.
Alberta Highway 13
Highway 13 is an east–west highway through central Alberta.  It runs from Alder Flats, 7 km (4 mi) west of Highway 22, to the Alberta-Saskatchewan border, where it becomes Saskatchewan Highway 14. Highway 13 is about 366 kilometres (227 mi) long. East of the City of Wetaskiwin, it generally parallels the Canadian Pacific Kansas City Prairie North Line.

Alberta Highway 22
Highway 22, officially named Cowboy Trail, is a 584-kilometre (363 mi) highway in the Canadian province of Alberta. It generally parallels Highway 2, beginning in the foothills of southern Alberta at Highway 3 near Lundbreck Falls.  It proceeds north along the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains passing through the foothills and ranch country to the aspen parkland of northern Alberta, ending at Highway 18 near Mayerthorpe.

Cowboy Trail continues south and east of Highway 22 by following Highway 3 to Pincher Creek, Highway 6 to Waterton Lakes National Park, and Highway 5 to Cardston.

Alberta Transportation is currently constructing a new interchange at the over-saturated intersection of Highways 22 and 1A in Cochrane.  There are also long-term plans for twinning from Bragg Creek to the north end of Cochrane, and the implementation of passing lanes near the highway's south end.
Kym Carter
Lelia Kym Carter Begel (born March 12, 1964, in Inglewood, California), also known as Kym Carter, is a former heptathlete from the United States, representing her native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. There she finished in eleventh place.

Carter is the Carl Lewis Foundation's executive director and a board member of Sound Body Sound Mind, a program to increase physical fitness in high schools. She is the mother of twins.

Wichita East High School
Wichita East High School, known locally as "East", is a public secondary school in Wichita, Kansas, United States. It is operated by Wichita USD 259 school district. The centrally located school's 44-acre (180,000 m2) campus and the building's Collegiate Gothic styling make it an urban landmark. The square footage of the East High campus today is 443,814. East's enrollment for the 2023–2024 school year was 2,338.

The school offers the International Baccalaureate program, a magnet program that teaches students at a college level, and which attracts students from across the city. The campus is also home to WSU Tech, a division of Wichita State University, which provides technical training and education.
Finstadbru
Finstadbru is a village in Aurskog-Høland, Akershus, Norway. It is recognized as one of the populated places in the region, contributing to the local community and culture. The village is home to the Aurskog-Finstadbru Sportsklubb, a sports club established on 29 November 1903, which offers various sports activities, including football, handball, cycling, swimming, and Nordic skiing.  Additionally, Finstadbru features the Aurskog Finstadbru Golf Club, providing recreational opportunities for golf enthusiasts in the area.

Aurskog-Høland
Aurskog-Høland is a municipality in Akershus county, Norway.  It is part of the Romerike traditional region.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Bjørkelangen.  The municipality of Rømskog, in Østfold county was merged into Aurskog-Høland on 1 January 2020.
Nike Vaporfly and Tokyo 2020 Olympics controversy
In 2017, Nike released the Nike Zoom Vaporfly Elite shoe, which was advertised as "ultra-lightweight, soft and capable of providing up to 85-percent energy return." These "super shoes" became the focus of claims that they were a form of technology doping and that they provided athletes an unfair advantage.

LZR Racer
The LZR Racer (pronounced as "Laser Racer") is a line of competition swimsuits manufactured by Speedo using a high-technology swimwear fabric composed of woven elastane-nylon and polyurethane. The swimsuits are available in a full-body length; they compress the body and trap air for buoyancy. The LZR Pro and LZR Elite were launched on February 13, 2008; the higher-priced LZR Elite was replaced by the LZR Elite 2 in early 2014.  The LZR X was launched in early 2015.  The technology is patented in Italy, and protected worldwide.

In its ruling in 2008, FINA deemed the LZR Racer swimsuits provide an unfair advantage to the wearer, leading to a ban on all swimsuits of a similar nature.
Yetkin Özkul
Yetkin Özkul (born July 6, 1986) is a Turkish Muay Thai kickboxer who competes in the featherweight and lightweight divisions. After beginning his martial arts training in taekwondo, he switched to kickboxing and Muay Thai and won a bronze medal at the 2004 WMF World Championships.

Knee (strike)
A knee strike (commonly referred to simply as a knee) is a strike with the knee, either with the kneecap or the surrounding area. Kneeing is a disallowed practice in many combat sports, especially to the head of a downed opponent.  Styles such as kickboxing and several mixed martial arts organizations allow kneeing depending on the positioning of the fighters. Knee strikes are native to the traditional Southeast Asian martial arts and traditional Okinawan martial arts.
Lafayette Village
Lafayette Village is a historic district extending along Ten Rod Road in North Kingstown, Rhode Island.  It encompasses a linear rural and industrial village, running from the Wickford Junction railroad crossing in the west to Angel Avenue in the east, and includes a number of residential properties on adjacent side streets.  The centerpiece of the district is the Rodman Manufacturing Company complex, which operated here for a century beginning in the 1840s.  The Robert Rodman Mansion, a Second Empire house with an elaborate porch, stands at 731 Ten Rod Road, and the Walter Rodman House, built in the 1870s, is even more elaborately decorated.  Most of the residential stock in the district is mill-related housing built by the Rodmans for their workers.

The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Rhode Island Route 102
Route 102 is a 44.4-mile-long (71.5 km) numbered state highway in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. Route 102 serves as a non-freeway beltway around the Providence metro area. It begins in the village of Wickford and travels through less developed areas of western Rhode Island. The route ends in the village of Slatersville.

Route 102 is one of the longer Rhode Island state highways, and is longer than the portion of Interstate 95 that runs through the state (43.5 miles).
Rowland Lockey
Rowland Lockey (c. 1565–1616) was an English painter and goldsmith, and was the son of Leonard Lockey, a crossbow maker of the parish of St Bride's, Fleet Street, London. Lockey was apprenticed to Queen Elizabeth's miniaturist and goldsmith Nicholas Hilliard for eight years beginning Michaelmas 1581 and was made a freeman or master of the Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths by 1600.

He worked mainly as a copyist of earlier portraits to make up sets of oil paintings for the fashionable long galleries of great houses, but signed or documented portrait miniatures on vellum and a signed title page engraving for the 1602 Bishops' Bible also survive.

Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths
The Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths (commonly known as The Goldsmiths' Company and formally styled The Wardens and Commonalty of the Mystery of Goldsmiths of the City of London), is one of the Great Twelve Livery Companies of the City of London, headquartered at Goldsmiths' Hall, London EC2.

The company, which originates from twelfth-century London, received a Royal Charter in 1327 and ranks fifth in precedence of the City Livery Companies.

Its motto is Justitia Virtutum Regina, Latin for Justice is Queen of Virtues.
Kraków Ghetto
The Kraków Ghetto official name: Jewish Residential District in Krakow  (German: Der jüdische Wohnbezirk in Krakau) was one of five major metropolitan Nazi ghettos created by Germany in the new General Government territory during the German occupation of Poland in World War II. It was established for the purpose of exploitation, terror, and persecution of local Polish Jews. The ghetto was later used as a staging area for separating the "able workers" from those to be deported to extermination camps in Operation Reinhard. The ghetto was liquidated between June 1942 and March 1943, with most of its inhabitants deported to the Belzec extermination camp as well as to Płaszów slave-labor camp, and Auschwitz concentration camp, 60 kilometres (37 mi) rail distance.

Judenrat
A Judenrat (German: [ˈjuːdn̩ˌʁaːt], lit. 'Jewish council'; Yiddish: יודענראט) was an administrative body, established in any zone of German-occupied Europe during World War II, purporting to represent the Jewish community in dealings with the Nazi authorities. The Germans required Jews to form Judenräte within occupied territories at local and sometimes national levels.

Judenräte were particularly common in Jewish ghettos established by Nazi Germany in Eastern Europe, where in some cases, such as Łódź and Theresienstadt ghettos, they were known as the "Jewish Council of Elders" (Jüdischer Ältestenrat or Ältestenrat der Juden). Jewish communities themselves had established councils for self-government as early as the Middle Ages. The Jewish community used the Hebrew terms qahal (Hebrew: קהל) or qehilla (קהילה) but Nazi authorities used the German-language term Judenräte.
Fast Yellow AB
Fast Yellow AB is an azo dye. It used to be used as a food dye, designated in Europe by the E number E105.  It is now delisted in both Europe and USA and is forbidden if used in foods and drinks, as toxicological data has shown it is harmful. E105 has been implicated in non-atopic asthma.

Food coloring
Food coloring, color additive or colorant is any dye, pigment, or substance that imparts color when it is added to food or beverages. Colorants can be supplied as liquids, powders, gels, or pastes. Food coloring is commonly used in commercial products and in domestic cooking.

Food colorants are also used in various non-food applications, including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, home craft projects, and medical devices. Some colorings may be natural, such as with carotenoids and anthocyanins extracted from plants or cochineal from insects, or may be synthesized, such as tartrazine yellow.

In the manufacturing of foods, beverages and cosmetics, the safety of colorants is under constant scientific review and certification by national regulatory agencies, such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and by international reviewers, such as the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.
Ligota, Sieradz County
Ligota [liˈɡɔta] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Burzenin, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Burzenin, 15 km (9 mi) south-east of Sieradz, and 55 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Burzenin
Burzenin [buˈʐɛnin] is a village in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Burzenin. It lies approximately 17 km (11 mi) south of Sieradz and 57 km (35 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in the Sieradz Land.
2025 Poznań Open
The 2025 Enea Poznań Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 21st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place at the Park Tenisowy Olimpia in Poznań, Poland from 16 to 21 June 2025.

2025 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2025 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2025 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 217 tournaments with prize money ranging from $60,000 up to $250,000. It was the 48th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 17th under the name of Challenger Tour.