hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Teteven Glacier
Teteven Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Тетевен, romanized: lednik Teteven, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik ˈtɛtɛvɛn]) is a glacier on Greenwich Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica situated east of Yakoruda Glacier, west of Quito Glacier, northwest of Traub Glacier and north of Murgash Glacier. It extends 6.5 km in east-west direction and 3.8 km in north-south direction, and drains the north slopes of Dryanovo Heights into the Drake Passage in Haskovo Cove and Skaptopara Cove between Miletich Point and the ice-free area at Agüedo Point.

The glacier is named after the town of Teteven in the central Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria.

Quito Glacier
Quito Glacier (62°27′S 59°47′W﻿ / ﻿62.450°S 59.783°W﻿ / -62.450; -59.783) is a glacier draining the northeast slopes of Mount Plymouth and flowing northeastwards into the sea west of Canto Point in north Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. It was named after the capital of Ecuador, c. 1990, by the Ecuadorian Antarctic Expedition.
Manor of Shirwell
The Manor of Shirwell was a manor in North Devon, England, centred on the village of Shirwell and largely co-terminous with the parish of Shirwell. It was for many centuries successively the seat of two of the leading families of North Devon, the Beaumonts and their heirs the Chichesters of Raleigh, Pilton, both of which families were seated at the estate of Youlston within the manor of Shirwell. The manor house which survives today known as Youlston Park is one of the most architecturally important historic houses in North Devon and exists largely in its Georgian form, but retains many impressive late 17th-century interiors.

Basset family
Members of the Basset family were amongst the early Norman settlers in the Kingdom of England. It is currently one of the few ancient Norman families who has survived through the centuries in the paternal line. They originated at Montreuil-au-Houlme in the Duchy of Normandy.
Decriminalization of homosexuality in Ecuador
The decriminalization of homosexuality in Ecuador took place on 25 November 1997, when the Constitutional Tribunal issued a landmark decision in Case 111-97-TC declaring the first clause of Article 516 of the Penal Code – which criminalized same-sex sexual relations as a crime with a penalty of four to eight years of imprisonment – unconstitutional. The ruling put an end to more than one hundred years of criminalization of homosexuality and was the result of a claim filed by different LGBTQ groups as a response to the police abuses usually experienced by sexually diverse individuals in Ecuador.

Plaza de la Independencia
Independence Square (Spanish: Plaza de la Independencia, or colloquially as Plaza Grande) is the principal and central public square of Quito, Ecuador. This is the central square of the city and one of the symbols of the executive power of the nation. Its main feature is the monument to the independence heroes of August 10, 1809, the date remembered as the first cry of independence of the Royal Audience of Quito from the Spanish monarchy. The square is flanked by the Carondelet Palace, the Metropolitan Cathedral, the Archbishop's Palace, the Municipal Palace and the Plaza Grande Hotel.

The square is surrounded by the following four streets: Calle Venezuela (east), Calle Chile (north), Calle Gabriel García Moreno (west) and the pedestrian segment of Calle Eugenio Espejo (south).
Fumina South
Fumina South is a locality in Victoria, Australia. Located on Willowgrove Road, in the Shire of Baw Baw, it is an isolated pocket near the foothills of Mount Baw Baw. Fumina South has a population of approximately 50 people, mostly weekend farmers and  retirees, although it was once a bustling community with its own post office and school.

The Post Office opened in 1907 as Duggan, was renamed Fumina South in 1925 and closed in 1962.

Shire of Baw Baw
The Shire of Baw Baw (/ˈbɔː ˈbɔː/) is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, in the eastern part of the state. It covers an area of 4,028 square kilometres (1,555 sq mi) and in 2021 had a population of 57,626. It includes the towns of Drouin, Longwarry, Neerim South, Trafalgar, Warragul and Yarragon.

The shire is governed and administered by the Baw Baw Shire Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the council headquarters in Drouin, and it has a service centre located in Warragul. The shire is named after the major geographical feature in the region, the Baw Baw Plateau; Mount Baw Baw is the second highest peak in the region. An unincorporated area, the Mount Baw Baw Alpine Resort, is enclaved within the shire.
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority
The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health and Social Care in the United Kingdom. It is a statutory body that regulates and inspects all clinics in the United Kingdom providing in vitro fertilisation (IVF), artificial insemination and the storage of human eggs, sperm or embryos. It also regulates human embryo research.

Non-departmental public body
In the United Kingdom, non-departmental public body (NDPB) is a classification applied by the Cabinet Office, Treasury, the Scottish Government, and the Northern Ireland Executive to public sector organisations that have a role in the process of national government but are not part of a government department. NDPBs carry out their work largely independently from ministers and are accountable to the public through Parliament; however, ministers are responsible for the independence, effectiveness, and efficiency of non-departmental public bodies in their portfolio.

The term includes the four types of NDPB (executive, advisory, tribunal, and independent monitoring boards) but excludes public corporations and public broadcasters (BBC, Channel 4, and S4C).
House of Opu Daeng Chelak
The House of Opu Daeng Chelak consists of the family members of the sultan of Selangor. It currently consists of Sharafuddin of Selangor and his close relations.

The sultan and his family belong to the House of Royal Buginese Riau and the House of Royal Buginese Luwu. The ruling house had founded the monarchy in 1745 and continues to be in power to this day.

Tengku Permaisuri Norashikin
Tengku Permaisuri Hajah Norashikin (Jawi: تڠكو ڤرمايسوري حاجة نور عشيقين; born Norashikin binti Abdul Rahman; 4 June 1971) is the current Tengku Permaisuri of Selangor. She is the queen consort to the 9th Sultan of Selangor, Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah Alhaj.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL, Berkeley Lab) is a federally funded research and development center in the hills of Berkeley, California, United States. Established in 1931 by the University of California (UC), the laboratory is sponsored by the United States Department of Energy and administered by the UC system. Ernest Lawrence, who won the Nobel prize for inventing the cyclotron, founded the lab and served as its director until his death in 1958. Located in the Berkeley Hills, the lab overlooks the campus of the University of California, Berkeley.

Federally funded research and development centers
Federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs) are public–private partnerships that conduct research and development for the United States government. Under Federal Acquisition Regulation § 35.017, FFRDCs are operated by universities and corporations to fulfill certain long-term needs of the government that "...cannot be met as effectively by existing in-house or contractor resources." While similar in many ways to University Affiliated Research Centers, FFRDCs are prohibited from competing for work. There are currently 42 FFRDCs, each sponsored by one or more U.S. government departments or agencies.
Fundamental Statute of the Albanian Kingdom (1928)
The Fundamental Statute of the Albanian Kingdom was the constitution of the Albanian Kingdom of 1928–39. It was introduced by King Zog I of Albania.

The 1928 Fundamental Statute was replaced in 1939, after the Italian invasion of Albania.  On 3 June 1939,  King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy promulgated a new constitution for the Albanian Kingdom of 1939–43.

Italian invasion of Albania
The Italian invasion of Albania was a brief military campaign which was launched by Italy against Albania in 1939. The conflict was a result of the imperialistic policies of the Italian prime minister and dictator Benito Mussolini. Albania was rapidly occupied, its ruler King Zog I went into exile in the neighboring Kingdom of Greece, and the country was made a part of the Italian Empire as a protectorate in personal union with the Italian Crown.
Gaitana
Gaitana, also known as Guaitipan and La Gaitana, was a 16th-century cacica (leader) of an indigenous people in the region of Timaná, Huila. Though some scholars believe she may be a legendary figure, two chronicles report that in 1539–40 she led the indigenous people of the Upper Magdalena River Valley in Colombia in armed resistance against the colonization by the Spanish. Her monument sculpted by Rodrigo Arenas stands in Neiva, the capital of the Huila Department in Colombia.

Guambiano
The Guambiano or Misak are an indigenous people of the department of Cauca in Colombia. Their language is known as Guambiano and is one of the Coconucan languages. The majority lives in the western part of the Colombian Andes range (Cordillera). Some Guambiano can also be found in Huila Department.

The Misak society has a patriarchal kinship system, with hereditary offices, descent lines, and property passing through the male line. Agriculture is the base of their economy. Wheat, corn, coffee, onions, garlic, cassava, potatoes, beans, and cabbage are among the main products they cultivate.

The Guambiano people are known for their traditional clothing: blue scarf (worn as a sarong), rectangular ponchos, and black bowler hat for the men; black skirt, solid color top, blue scarf, and dark bowler hat for the women.
Qualidea Code
Qualidea Code (クオリディア・コード, Kuoridia Kōdo) is a Japanese multimedia project co-published by Shueisha's Dash X Bunko imprint, Fujimi Shobo's Fujimi Fantasia Bunko imprint, Media Factory's MF Bunko J imprint, Shogakukan's Gagaga Bunko imprint, and Shueisha's Jump Square magazine. The original concept was developed by Marvelous and a three-person unit of writers known as Speakeasy made up of Kōshi Tachibana, Sō Sagara and Wataru Watari. It launched in 2015 with several light novels, and a manga began serialization in Jump Square in 2016. An anime television series, produced by A-1 Pictures and directed by Kenichi Kawamura, aired between July and September 2016.

Fujimi Fantasia Bunko
Fujimi Fantasia Bunko (富士見ファンタジア文庫, Fujimi Fantajia Bunko) is a light novel publishing imprint affiliated with the Japanese publishing company Fujimi Shobo, a brand company of Kadokawa Corporation. It was established in 1988 and is aimed at young adult male audience. Many light novels published under this imprint are serialized in Fujimi Shobo's Dragon Magazine.
The American Volunteer (statue)
The American Volunteer – also known as The American Soldier – is a colossal granite statue that crowns the U.S. Soldier Monument and forms the centerpiece of Antietam National Cemetery in Sharpsburg, Maryland. The monument is also known as the Private Soldier Monument.

The monument was designed by sculptor Carl Conrads and architect George Keller of the New England Granite Works of Hartford, Connecticut. The statue, described as "the largest work of its kind in the country", was prominently exhibited at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was transported to Sharpsburg, installed atop the monument, and dedicated at the National Cemetery in 1880. The total cost of the monument was over US$32,000. The statue's nickname is "Old Simon".

Sharpsburg, Maryland
Sharpsburg is a town in Washington County, Maryland. The town is about 13 miles (21 km) south of Hagerstown. Its population was 560 at the 2020 census.

During the American Civil War, the Battle of Antietam—referred to as the Battle of Sharpsburg by the South—was fought on what is now Antietam National Battlefield, in the vicinity of Antietam Creek.
William U. Hill
William U. Hill (born February 16, 1948) is a former justice of the Wyoming Supreme Court, serving on the high from 1998 to 2018.

Hill received his Bachelor of Arts from the University of Wyoming in 1970 and was graduated from University of Wyoming College of Law in 1974. Earlier in his career, he served as both an Assistant United States Attorney and an Assistant Attorney General for Wyoming, and was engaged in private practice in Riverton, Wyoming, Seattle, Washington, and Cheyenne, Wyoming. He also served as Chief of Staff-Chief Counsel for Senator Malcolm Wallop in Washington, D.C. Hill served as chief justice from July 1, 2002, through June 30, 2006. He previously served as the state's Attorney General. He retired on February 16, 2018, upon turning 70.

Assistant United States Attorney
An assistant United States attorney (AUSA) is a career civil servant lawyer in the United States Department of Justice who serves under the United States Attorney for a federal judicial district. AUSAs represent the U.S. federal government in civil and appellate litigation and in federal criminal prosecutions. Those assigned to the criminal section of a U.S. Attorney's Office are commonly known as federal prosecutors.

AUSAs are rarely hired directly out of law school and often have significant experience before entering the U.S. Attorney’s Office.
Uropygi
Uropygi is an arachnid order comprising invertebrates commonly known as whip scorpions or vinegaroons (also spelled vinegarroons and vinegarones). They are often called uropygids. The name "whip scorpion" refers to their resemblance to true scorpions and possession of a whiplike tail, and "vinegaroon" refers to their ability when attacked to discharge an offensive, vinegar-smelling liquid, which contains acetic acid. The order may also be called Thelyphonida. Both names, Uropygi and Thelyphonida, may be used either in a narrow sense for the order of whip scorpions, or in a broad sense which includes the order Schizomida.

Sensu
Sensu is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular concept, but it also appears in expressions that indicate the convention or context of the usage.
Solent-class lifeboat
The Solent-class lifeboat is a steel-hulled version of the 48-foot-6-inch (14.78 m) Oakley-class self-righting lifeboat and is sometimes referred to as the 48-foot, 6-inch Oakley-class Mark III. Solent Operational Numbers followed on from the first three 48-foot, 6-inch Oakleys and were interrupted by the last two Oakleys (48-12) and (48-13). The operational numbers of the Solent-class had three digits in the suffix to indicate a metal hull (as with Clyde, Waveney, Thames and Tyne classes, one Arun class and the first eleven Merseys). Two digits indicates a wooden, glass-reinforced plastic or fiber-reinforced composite hull.

Tyne-class lifeboat
The Tyne-class lifeboat was a class of lifeboat that served as a part of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution fleet until 2019. They were named after the River Tyne in North East England.

They were designed to be launched from slipways or operate in shallow waters where hitting the bottom is a concern. The class was introduced in 1982, and the last boat was built in 1990.

The Tyne-class was superseded by the Tamar-class, which is 7 knots faster than the Tyne class. However, only 27 Tamars were built, compared to 40 Tynes, leaving the remaining Tynes on station to be replaced with the latest Shannon-class lifeboats.
British Titan Products
British Titan Products was the manufacturer of Tioxide, a brand of white yet opaque pigment and whitening agent made from titanium dioxide. It was initially organised to replace titanium dioxide supplies that British paint manufacturers imported from Germany. This British industry was established as a joint venture in 1934 by two of the world's major mining and chemical businesses in conjunction with a major industrial consumer and a distribution business.

Tioxide became a wholly owned Imperial Chemical Industries subsidiary in 1992. Within ICI, now renamed after its principal product Tioxide, the business retained a separate identity, which it lost  when sold in 1999 to Huntsman Corporation. In 2014 Huntsman companies, including Tioxide, together formed the world's second-largest producer of titanium dioxide, second to DuPont. This business did not manufacture titanium metal.

Greatham, County Durham
54°38′28″N 1°14′17″W﻿ / ﻿54.641°N 1.238°W﻿ / 54.641; -1.238
Greatham /ˈɡriːtəm/ is a village and civil parish in the borough of Hartlepool, County Durham, England.  The population of the civil parish (including Newton Bewley) was taken in the 2011 census was 2,132.  Greatham village is located approximately three miles south of Hartlepool town centre.
Eccellenza Sardinia
Eccellenza Sardinia is the regional Italian Eccellenza football division for clubs in Sardinia and is the main football championship played on the island. Formerly called Prima Categoria and Promozione, it usually involves the participation of 17 teams. Whoever scores the most points wins the title of Regional Champion and is directly promoted to the Serie D, the highest amateur championship. The teams ranked second to fifth enter the play-offs (with a single final on a neutral field). The winner advances to the national phase, which includes inter-regional play-offs for a place in Serie D. The twelfth and thirteenth placed clubs face each other in the play-outs to decide the team that will participate in the inter-divisional play-offs against the winners of the promotion play-offs to avoid relegation. The last three placed teams (fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth) are automatically relegated to the Promozione.

Serie D
The Serie D (Italian pronunciation: [ˈseːrje ˈdi]) is the highest level of semi-professional football in Italy, and the fourth tier of the Italian national league system, the lowest one with a national organization. It sits beneath the third and lowest fully professional league, Serie C, and feeds in to it through promotion and relegation. Serie D is administered by the Lega Nazionale Dilettanti and is organized by the Roman Comitato Interregionale (Interregional Committee), a "league in the league" inside the LND.
Felicity Ace
Felicity Ace was a 60,000 tonne roll-on/roll-off cargo ship (pure car/truck carrier) built by Shin Kurushima Dockyard in 2005. It was owned and operated by Mitsui O.S.K. Lines of Japan, and the ship was registered in Panama. It caught fire in February 2022 south of the Azores, whilst transporting vehicles from Germany to the United States. The ship then capsized and sank in early March with an estimated cargo worth over $400 million.

Roll-on/roll-off
Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro) ships are cargo ships designed to carry wheeled cargo, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, buses, trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels or using a platform vehicle, such as a self-propelled modular transporter. This is in contrast to lift-on/lift-off (LoLo) vessels, which use a crane to load and unload cargo.

RORO vessels have either built-in or shore-based ramps or ferry slips that allow the cargo to be efficiently rolled on and off the vessel when in port. While smaller ferries that operate across rivers and other short distances often have built-in ramps, the term RORO is generally reserved for large seagoing vessels. The ramps and doors may be located in the stern, bow, or sides, or any combination thereof.
Early photographers of York
Early photographers of York include:

Edwin F Fox

Bishops

Fox Talbot

William Hayes

Roger Fenton

William Pumphrey

George Fowler Jones architect

W. P. Glaisby

Francis Frith

J. W. (Mrs. Milward) Knowles

Joseph Duncan

Early photos of York by some of these photographers can also be found online.

Early photography is generally reckoned to be pre-1900.

Roger Fenton
Roger Fenton (28 March 1819 – 8 August 1869) was a British photographer, noted as one of the first war photographers.

Fenton was born into a Lancashire merchant family. After graduating from London with an arts degree, he became interested in painting. After seeing examples of the new technology of photography at the Great Exhibition in 1851, he became keenly interested in this new technique. Within a year, he began exhibiting his own photographs.

He became a leading British photographer and was instrumental in founding the Photographic Society (later the Royal Photographic Society). In 1854, he was commissioned to document events occurring in Crimea, where he became one of a small group of photographers to produce images of the final stages of the Crimean War.
2014 G20 Brisbane summit
The 2014 G20 Brisbane summit was the ninth meeting of the G20 heads of government/heads of state. It was held in Brisbane, the capital city of Queensland, Australia. The hosting venue was the Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre at South Brisbane. The event was the largest ever peacetime police operation in Australia.

On 1 December 2013 Brisbane became the official host city for the G20. The City of Brisbane had a public holiday on 14 November 2014. Up to 4,000 delegates were expected to attend with around 2,500 media representatives. The leaders of Mauritania, Myanmar, New Zealand, Senegal, Singapore, and Spain were also invited to this summit.

Herman Van Rompuy
Herman Achille, Count Van Rompuy (Dutch: [ˈɦɛrmɑɱ vɑn ˈrɔmpœy] ⓘ; born 31 October 1947) is a Belgian politician who served as Prime Minister of Belgium from 2008 to 2009, and later as the first permanent president of the European Council from 2009 to 2014.

Van Rompuy, a politician from Belgium's Christian Democratic and Flemish party, served as the 49th prime minister of Belgium from 30 December 2008 until 25 November 2009, when he was succeeded by his predecessor, Yves Leterme. On 19 November 2009,  the European Council, which consists of the heads of state or government of the EU member states, selected Van Rompuy as its first full-time President under the Treaty of Lisbon. His term officially began on 1 January 2010 and was set to run until 31 May 2012 On 1 March 2012, he was re-elected for a second and final term, serving from 1 June 2012 to 30 November 2014. In 2019, he was appointed chairman of the board of the College of Europe.
Kunduthode
Kunduthode is a small village in northeastern Kozhikode district, Kerala, in southwest India. It is under Nadapuram assembly constituency and Kavilumpara panchayath. The nearest town is Thottilpalam (6 km).

Kuttiady
Kuttiady is a major town situated along the banks of the Kuttiady River in Kerala. Kuttiady is one among the 140 assembly constituencies in Kerala and is situated in the slopes of the Western Ghats. Kuttiady is one of the few towns in Kerala that uniquely spans across four different panchayats, making it administratively and geographically distinct.

The four-sided junction of Kuttiady helps travelers to reach different destinations. To the east of Kuttiady is Wayanad district, and the state highway to the north of the Kuttiady junction allows travelers to enter Kannur International Airport and Thalassery.The state highway to the south of the junction helps travelers to reach Calicut.
Kuttiadi can be called as Coconut city of Kerala for its rich coconut cultivation.