hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1906 Naef
1906 Naef (prov. designation:1972 RC) is a stony vestoid asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 September 1972, by Swiss astronomer Paul Wild at Zimmerwald Observatory near Bern, Switzerland. It was later named after Swiss banker and amateur astronomer Robert A. Naef.

Paul Wild (Swiss astronomer)
Paul Wild (German: [ˈvɪlt]; 5 October 1925 – 2 July 2014) was a Swiss astronomer and director of the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern, who discovered numerous comets, asteroids and supernovae.
Outlaws of Stampede Pass
Outlaws of Stampede Pass is a 1943 American Western film directed by Wallace Fox and written by Adele Buffington. This is the fourth film in the "Marshal Nevada Jack McKenzie" series, and stars Johnny Mack Brown as Jack McKenzie and Raymond Hatton as his sidekick Sandy Hopkins, with Ellen Hall, John Dawson, Harry Woods and Charles King. The film was released on October 15, 1943, by Monogram Pictures.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Xinhui railway station
Xinhui railway station (Chinese: 新会站) is an elevated station of Guangzhou–Zhuhai intercity railway Jiangmen Spur Line. It started operation on 7 January 2011.

The station is located near Dongjia Village (Chinese: 東甲村) in Huicheng Street (Chinese: 会城街道), Xinhui District, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China. Since it is far away from the current bus terminus in Huicheng, a new bus terminus will be built to serve the passengers. The station started operations in 2011.

Xinhui Station was formerly called Jiangmen West Station (Chinese: 江门西站) when planning. However, the station name was strongly criticized by Xinhui citizens that it degraded the position of Xinhui. Therefore, the authorities finally renamed the station to Xinhui Station.

Xinhui, Jiangmen
Xinhui, alternately romanized as Sunwui and also known as Kuixiang, is an urban district of Jiangmen in Guangdong, China. It grew from a separate city founded at the confluence of the Tan and West Rivers. It has a population of about 735,500, 98% of whom are Han Chinese and many of them speak a dialect of Cantonese as their first language. Xinhui is best known in China for its chenpi, a kind of dried Mandarin orange peel.
Lexicon
A lexicon (pl. lexicons, rarely lexica) is the vocabulary of a language or branch of knowledge (such as nautical or medical).  In linguistics, a lexicon is a language's inventory of lexemes. The word lexicon derives from Greek word λεξικόν (lexikon), neuter of λεξικός (lexikos) meaning 'of or for words'.

Linguistic theories generally regard human languages as consisting of two parts: a lexicon, essentially a catalogue of a language's words (its wordstock); and a grammar, a system of rules which allow for the combination of those words into meaningful sentences. The lexicon is also thought to include bound morphemes, which cannot stand alone as words (such as most affixes). In some analyses, compound words and certain classes of idiomatic expressions, collocations and other phrasemes are also considered to be part of the lexicon. Dictionaries are lists of the lexicon, in alphabetical order, of a given language; usually, however, bound morphemes are not included.

Affix
In linguistics, an affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word or word form. The main two categories are derivational and inflectional affixes. Derivational affixes,  such as un-, -ation, anti-, pre- etc., introduce a semantic change to the word they are attached to. Inflectional affixes introduce a syntactic change, such as singular into plural (e.g. -(e)s), or present simple tense into present continuous or past tense by  adding -ing, -ed to an English word. All of them are bound morphemes by definition; prefixes and suffixes may be separable affixes.
Steroidal aromatase inhibitor
Steroidal aromatase inhibitors are a class of drugs that are mostly used for treating breast cancer in postmenopausal women. High levels of estrogen in breast tissue increases the risk of developing breast cancer and the enzyme aromatase is considered to be a good therapeutic target when treating breast cancer due to it being involved in the final step of estrogen biosynthetic pathway and also its inhibition will not affect production of other steroids. Aromatase Inhibitors are classified into two categories based on their structure, nonsteroidal and steroidal; the latter resemble the structure of androstenedione. Steroidal aromatase inhibitors irreversibly inhibit the enzyme by binding covalently to the binding site of aromatase so the substrate cannot access it.

Formestane
Formestane, formerly sold under the brand name Lentaron among others, is a steroidal, selective aromatase inhibitor which is used in the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The drug is not active orally, and was available only as an intramuscular depot injection. Formestane was not approved by the United States FDA and the injectable form that was used in Europe in the past has been withdrawn from the market.   Formestane is an analogue of androstenedione.

Formestane is often used to suppress the production of estrogens from anabolic steroids or prohormones. It also acts as a prohormone to 4-hydroxytestosterone, an active steroid which displays weak androgenic activity in addition to acting as a weak aromatase inhibitor.
Etihad Airways
Etihad Airways is one of the two flag carriers of the United Arab Emirates (the other being Emirates). Its head office is in Khalifa City, Abu Dhabi, near Zayed International Airport. The airline commenced operations in November 2003 and is the second-largest airline in the UAE after Emirates.

The airline operates more than 1,000 flights per week, to over 120 passenger and cargo destinations in the Middle East, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, and North America, with a fleet of 107 Airbus and Boeing aircraft as of July 2025. Its main base is at Zayed International Airport. In addition to its main activity of passenger transportation, Etihad also operates Etihad Holidays and Etihad Cargo.

United Arab Emirates dirham
The Emirati dirham (symbol: ; currency code: AED; /ˈdɪər(h)əm/;) Arabic: درهم إماراتي, abbreviation: د.إ in Arabic, Dh; is the official currency of the United Arab Emirates. The dirham is subdivided into 100 fils (فلس). It is pegged to the United States dollar at a constant exchange rate of approximately 3.67 AED to 1 USD. In March 2025, the UAE Central Bank announced the creation of a Dirham currency symbol, , derived from the Latin letter D crossed with two horizontal lines.
Net Lake-Vermilion Lake Deformation Zone
The Net Lake-Vermilion Lake Deformation Zone, also known as the Net Lake-Vermilion Lake Zone of Deformation, is a zone of deformation in Temagami, Ontario, Canada, extending from Vermilion Lake to Net Lake in a northeasterly direction.

Net Lake
Net Lake is located within the municipality of Temagami, in the Nipissing District, Ontario, Canada. It covers a length of 10 km and is located in Temagami North. Fish in the lake include walleye, northern pike, trout, smallmouth bass, whitefish and panfish. There is only one lodge on Net Lake, which is called Andorra Lodge.
Braelon Allen
Braelon Allen (BRAY-lən; born January 20, 2004) is an American professional football running back for the New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Wisconsin Badgers and was selected by the Jets in the fourth round of the 2024 NFL draft.

Reclassification (education)
In education in the United States, reclassification or reclassing is the assignment of a student's high school (secondary school) graduation class to either a year earlier or later than their original. For young athletes, graduating a year earlier frees them to start their college sports career, with the hope of playing professionally sooner. On the other hand, an athlete repeating a grade and delaying graduation is allowed an extra year to mature. In most cases, a student who reclassified to graduate earlier also previously repeated a grade.
FIS Snowboarding World Championships 2005
The FIS Snowboarding World Championships 2005 took place between January 16 and January 22 in Whistler-Blackcomb, near Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The venues would be part of the 2010 Winter Olympics at Cypress Mountain.

FIS Snowboard World Championships
The FIS Snowboarding World Championships is the world championship organized by the FIS for Snowboarding. It was first held in 1996 and is now held every odd year. The championship events include Big air, Halfpipe, Parallel giant slalom, Parallel slalom, Slopestyle and Snowboard cross for both genders as well as mixed team events in Parallel slalom and Snowboard cross.
Rubus boyntonii
Rubus boyntonii, also called Boynton's dewberry, is a rare North American species of flowering plant in the rose family. It has been found only in the States of Virginia and North Carolina in the east-central United States.

The genetics of Rubus is extremely complex, so that it is difficult to decide on which groups should be recognized as species. There are many rare species with limited ranges such as this. Further study is suggested to clarify the taxonomy. Some studies have suggested that R. boyntonii may have originated as a hybrid between R. allegheniensis and R. flagellaris.

Rubus allegheniensis
Rubus allegheniensis is a North American species of highbush blackberry in Section Alleghenienses of the genus Rubus, a member of the rose family. It is the most common and widespread highbush blackberry in eastern and central North America. It is commonly known as Allegheny blackberry.
Transair (Canada)
Transair (IATA: TZ, ICAO: TTZ) was an airline based in Canada. It was purchased by Pacific Western Airlines in 1979.  Transair's operational headquarters was located at the Winnipeg International Airport in Manitoba.

Douglas DC-7
The Douglas DC-7 is a retired American airliner built by the Douglas Aircraft Company from 1953 to 1958. A derivative of the DC-6, it was the last major piston engine-powered passenger aircraft made by Douglas, being developed shortly after the earliest jet airliner—the de Havilland Comet—entered service and only a few years before the jet-powered Douglas DC-8 first flew in 1958. Larger numbers of both DC-7B and DC-7C variants were also built, with a handful of aircraft converted to cargo hauling or fire-fighting after their commercial transport days had passed.

Unlike other far more successful propeller-driven Douglas aircraft, such as the DC-3 and DC-6, no examples of the DC-7 remain in service as of 2020.
New York Military Affairs Symposium
The New York Military Affairs Symposium (NYMAS), is an independent, not-for-profit educational body dedicated to the preservation and furthering of military history in New York City. The membership includes scholars, active and retired military personnel, and concerned civilians. NYMAS is devoted to increasing public knowledge, awareness and understanding of military history, arms control, international relations, defense policy, disarmament, civil-military relations, international security, Veterans Affairs and the interrelationship of war, society, and culture through the presentation and dissemination of diverse scholarly viewpoints - with particular reference to the history of warfare involving the United States and of Americans at war.

Max Hastings
Sir Max Hugh Macdonald Hastings (/ˈheɪstɪŋz/; born 28 December 1945) is a British journalist and military historian who has worked as a foreign correspondent for the BBC, editor-in-chief of The Daily Telegraph, and editor of the Evening Standard. He is also the author of thirty books, most significantly histories, which have won several major awards. Hastings currently writes a bimonthly column for Bloomberg Opinion and contributes to The Times and The Sunday Times.
Infantry Aces
Infantry Aces is an English-language book by the German author Franz Kurowski. Originally released by the Canadian publisher of militaria literature  J.J. Fedorowicz Publishing, it was later licensed by Fedorowicz to the American publishers Ballantine Books and Stackpole Books. The book was a commercial success and enjoyed a wide readership among the American public.

Infantry Aces has been criticised in the book The Myth of the Eastern Front: The Nazi–Soviet War in American Popular Culture by the historians Ronald Smelser and Edward J. Davies as ahistorical and misleading, presenting a picture of the German soldiers "without flaws or character defects". According to Smelser and Daivies, Kurowski's accounts, including Infantry Aces, are intended "to act as a memorial to these men".

The Myth of the Eastern Front
The Myth of the Eastern Front: The Nazi–Soviet War in American Popular Culture (2008) by Ronald Smelser and Edward J. Davies, is a historical analysis of the post-war myth of the "Clean Wehrmacht", the negative impact of the Wehrmacht and the Waffen-SS mythologies in popular culture, and the effects of historical negationism upon cultural perceptions of the Eastern Front of the Second World War.

The book garnered largely positive reviews. It was commended for its thorough analysis of the creation of the myth by German ex-participants and its entry into American culture, as well as its compelling analysis of contemporary war-romancing trends. One reviewer described the book as a "tour de force of cultural historiography", and another observed that it "presents a discomforting portrait of the American views of the Eastern Front".
Methodological nationalism
In social science, methodological nationalism is an intellectual orientation and pattern in scholarly research that conceives of the nation-state as the sole unit of analysis or as a container for social processes. This concept has largely been developed by Andreas Wimmer and Nina Glick Schiller, who specifically define it as "the assumption that the nation/state/society is the natural social and political form of the modern world". Methodological nationalism has been identified in many social science subfields, such as anthropology, sociology, and the interdisciplinary field of migration studies. Methodological nationalism, as a practice within social science, has been further critiqued by scholars such as Saskia Sassen, who contends that the nation-state and its borders are an insufficient unit of analysis and that the national is at times the "terrains of the global".

Migration studies
Migration studies is the academic study of human migration. Migration studies is an interdisciplinary field which draws on anthropology, prehistory, history, economics, law, sociology and postcolonial studies.
Chanoir
Chanoir, also known as Alberto Vejarano (born 1976), is a French-Colombian contemporary street artist.

His nickname is a reference to a poster of the famous Parisian cabaret Le Chat Noir, by Théophile Steinlen.

Théophile Steinlen
Théophile Alexandre Steinlen (November 10, 1859 – December 13, 1923), was a Swiss-born French Art Nouveau painter and printmaker. He was politically engaged and collaborated with the anarchist and socialist press.
Domestic pigeon
The domestic pigeon (Columba livia "domestica" or Columba livia forma domestica) is a domesticated bird derived from the rock dove Columba livia. Although often termed a "subspecies", the domesticated pigeon does not constitute an accepted zoological subspecies of the rock dove, but a collection of over 350 breeds. The rock dove is among the world's first birds to be domesticated; Mesopotamian cuneiform tablets mention the domestication of pigeons more than 5,000 years ago, as do Egyptian hieroglyphs.

Pigeons have held historical importance to humans as food, pets, symbolic animals, and messengers. Due to their homing ability, pigeons have been used to deliver messages, including war pigeons during the two world wars. City pigeons, which are feral birds, are generally seen as pests, mainly due to their droppings and a reputation for spreading disease.

Leucism
Leucism (/ˈluːsɪzəm, -kɪz-/) or leukism, is a wide variety of conditions that result in partial loss of pigmentation in an animal—causing white, pale, or patchy coloration of the skin, hair, feathers, scales, or cuticles, but not the eyes. Some genetic conditions that result in a "leucistic" appearance include piebaldism, Waardenburg syndrome, vitiligo, Chédiak–Higashi syndrome, flavism, isabellinism, xanthochromism, axanthism, amelanism, and melanophilin mutations. Pale patches of skin, feathers, or fur (often referred to as "depigmentation") can also result from injury.
2014–15 Montenegrin Cup
The 2014–15 Montenegrin Cup was the ninth season of the Montenegrin knockout football tournament. The winner of the tournament received a berth in the first qualifying round of the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League. The defending champions were Lovćen, who beat Mladost in the final of the last competition. The competition featured 30 teams. It started on 24 September 2014 and ended with the final on 20 May 2015.

2013–14 Montenegrin Cup
The 2013–14 Montenegrin Cup was the eighth season of the Montenegrin knockout football tournament. The winner of the tournament received a berth in the first qualifying round of the 2014–15 UEFA Europa League. The defending champions were Budućnost, who beat Čelik in the final of the 2012–13 competition. The competition featured 30 teams. It started on 17 September 2013 and ended with the final on 21 May 2014.
Berrynarbor
Berrynarbor (historically Berry Narbor, Berrie Nerbert, etc) is a village, civil parish and former manor in the North Devon district of Devon, England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 749, increasing to 802 at the 2011 census. The village is located on the north coast of the county to the north of Exmoor, about three miles east of Ilfracombe. The parish is surrounded clockwise from the east by the parishes of Combe Martin, Kentisbury, East Down, Marwood, Bittadon, and Ilfracombe. Berrynarbor has within its purview to all sides a mixture of dense woodlands and farms and lies within the North Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Marwood, Devon
Marwood is a village and civil parish in North Devon, England, about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) north of Barnstaple. Hamlets in the parish include Patsford, Middle Marwood, Whiddon, Milltown, Muddiford, Guineaford, Kingsheanton, Prixford, and the southern part of Bittadon.

An electoral ward with the same name exists whose population at the 2011 census was 1,879.

The church of St Michael and All Angels at Marwood was begun in the 13th century and is a Grade I listed building.

The village contains 20 acres (81,000 m2) of ornamental gardens open to the public, known as Marwood Hill Gardens. The gardens were developed by Jimmy Smart, who died in 2002. On an island in the middle lake at Marwood Hill Gardens is a sculpture of a mother and children by John Robinson, who also sculpted the font-cover in the 13th-century church at Marwood. A bronze sculpture of two swans arising from the lower lake was created by Jonathan Cox.
Adendema
Adendema (Arabic: أدندما) is a village in western Eritrea. It is located 5.8 miles south-west of the district capital of Haykota in Haykota District in the Gash-Barka region. It lies on the north-east boundary of the Gash-Setit wildlife reserve.

Nearby towns and villages include Bitama (13.4 nm), Elit (7.0 nm), Moso (23.9 nm), Geniti (13.3 nm) and Giamal Biscia (9.1 nm).

Giamal Biscia
Giamal Biscia (Arabic: جمل بيشا) is a village in western Eritrea. It is located in the Omhajer subregion of the Gash-Barka region. It lies inside the Gash-Setit wildlife reserve 6 kilometres north-east of Arcugi.

As the name may suggest, the village was founded by the Italians during the occupation.
River Glaven
The River Glaven in the eastern English county of Norfolk is 10.5 mi (16.9 km) long and flows through the North Norfolk countryside to the North Sea. Rising from a tiny headwater in Bodham the river starts 2+1⁄2 miles before Selbrigg Pond where three small streams combine. The scenic value of the Glaven valley is important to the tourist industry in North Norfolk. The river is one of over 200 chalk rivers in the world and one of 160 in the UK.

North Norfolk
North Norfolk is a local government district in Norfolk, England. Its council is based in Cromer, and the largest town is North Walsham. The district also includes the towns of Fakenham, Holt, Sheringham, Stalham and Wells-next-the-Sea, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

The district lies on the north coast of Norfolk, facing the North Sea, with much of its coastline lying within the Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Some south-eastern parts of the district lie within The Broads. The neighbouring districts are Great Yarmouth, Breckland, Broadland and King's Lynn and West Norfolk.
Masonic Temple Building (Maywood, Illinois)
The Masonic Temple in Maywood, Illinois is a building from 1917.  It was designed with Prairie School architectural elements by architect Eben Ezra Roberts.: 17

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

At some later date, it housed the Maywood Parks and Recreation Dept.

Maywood, Illinois
Maywood is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States, in the Chicago metropolitan area. It was founded on April 6, 1869, and organized October 22, 1881. The population was 23,512 at the 2020 census.
Tadcaster
Tadcaster is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, 15 miles (24 km) north-east of Leeds and 10 miles (16 km) south-west of York.

Its historical importance from Roman times onward was largely as the lowest road crossing-point on the River Wharfe until the construction of the A64 Tadcaster by-pass some 660 yards (600 m) to the south, in 1978. There are two rail crossings downstream of the town before the Wharfe joins the River Ouse near Cawood. Thanks to its position on the banks of the River Wharfe parts of the town adjacent to the bridge are prone to flooding.

The town was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1974, but is now part of North Yorkshire. Tadcaster is twinned with Saint-Chély-d'Apcher in France.

Baron Percy
The title Baron Percy has been created several times in the Peerage of England. The first, soon after 1066, a feudal barony rather than a barony by writ, which continued in parallel with the later baronies by writ, until the abolition of feudal tenure by the Tenures Abolition Act 1660. The second, created by writ in 1299, became extinct in 1517. The third, created by writ in 1557, became extinct in 1670. The present creation was in 1722, by writ of summons.
Lanakawai
Hawaii portal

History portal

Lanakawai—also known as Lanaikawai and Lonokawai—was an ancient Hawaiian nobleman, who was a Prince of the island of Maui. He became a High Chief of the island of Hawaiʻi (the Big Island). His grandson was the founder of the Pili line, a dynasty of the chiefs of the Big Island.

Aliʻi nui of Maui
The Aliʻi nui of Maui was the supreme ruler of the islands of Maui, one of the four main Hawaiian Islands as well as the smaller island of Lanai. The title is the same as that of the Aliʻi nui of the other islands. The title or phrase Mōʻī is sometimes used for the title of the monarchs of Maui; however, it is not an ancient word in the Hawaiian language and has origins in the mid 19th century. The only monarchs to officially hold the title of Mōʻī are Kalākaua and his sister Liliʻuokalani.