hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nisien
Nisien is a figure in Welsh mythology, the son of Penarddun and Euroswydd and twin brother of Efnysien. He appears in the Second Branch of the Mabinogi, which names Brân the Blessed, Branwen, and Manawydan as his half-siblings. Nisien, also Nissyen, was the opposite of his brother Efnisien in personality. He was tranquil and generous, while Efnisien was vindictive and destructive.

Four Branches of the Mabinogi
The Four Branches of the Mabinogi or Pedair Cainc Y Mabinogi are the earliest prose stories in the literature of Britain. Originally written in Wales in Middle Welsh, but widely available in translations, the Mabinogi is generally agreed to be a single work in four parts, or "branches." The interrelated tales can be read as mythology, political themes, romances, or magical fantasies. The tales are popular today in book format, as storytelling or theatre performances; they appear in recordings and on film, and continue to inspire reinterpretations in artwork and modern fiction, such as the New Stories of the Mabinogion series and The Assembly of the Severed Head by Hugh Lupton.
Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Same-sex marriage has been legal in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha since 2017. An ordinance to open marriage to same-sex couples in Saint Helena was passed by the Legislative Council in a 9–2 vote on 19 December 2017. It went into force the following day, and the first same-sex marriage was performed on 31 December 2018. Same-sex couples have also been able to marry in Ascension Island since 1 January 2017 and in Tristan da Cunha since 4 August 2017.

Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha was the eighth British Overseas Territory to legalise same-sex marriage territorywide, following South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Akrotiri and Dhekelia, the British Indian Ocean Territory, the Pitcairn Islands, the British Antarctic Territory, Gibraltar and the Falkland Islands.

Same-sex marriage in the British Indian Ocean Territory
Same-sex marriage has been legal in the British Indian Ocean Territory since 3 June 2014. An Order in Council to legalise same-sex marriages was enacted by the Privy Council of the United Kingdom on 28 April 2014, and took effect on 3 June. The British Indian Ocean Territory, despite having no permanent population, was among the first British Overseas Territories to legalise same-sex marriage.
Caquetío language
Caquetío, also called Caquetío Arawak, is an extinct Arawakan language. The language was spoken along the shores of Lake Maracaibo, in the coastal areas of the Venezuelan state of Falcón, and on the Dutch islands of Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao. It is referred to as a "ghost language" because no tangible evidence of it remains. Only the name, along with some short wordlists, still exist, as mentioned in references from 17th-century texts.

Wayuu people
The Wayuu (also Wayu, Wayú, Guajiro, Wahiro) are an ethnic group Indigenous to the Guajira Peninsula in northern Colombia and northwest Venezuela. The Wayuu language is part of the Arawakan  language family. Throughout their history, they have resisted the Spanish, rural land owners, and the Catholic Church.  Wayuu tradition remains, and their artisan industry is one of the biggest handicraft exports in present-day Colombia.
1989 Virginia Slims of New England
The 1989 Virginia Slims of New England was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Centrum in Worcester in Worcester, Massachusetts in the United States and was part of the Category 5 tier of events of the 1989 WTA Tour. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and was held from October 30 through November 5, 1989. First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title and earned $60,000.

1989 Virginia Slims World Championship Series
The 1989 Virginia Slims World Championship Series was the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The 1989 Virginia Slims World Championship Series included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the Virginia Slims Championships and the WTA Category 1-5 events. ITF World Circuit tournaments are not part of the WTA World Championship Series, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
Mian Dar Zarneh
Mian Dar Zarneh (Persian: مياندارزرنه, also Romanized as Mīān Dār Zarneh; also known as Mīān Dār) is a village in Zarneh Rural District, Zarneh District, Eyvan County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 33, in 6 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Zarneh Rural District
Zarneh Rural District (Persian: دهستان زرنه) is in Zarneh District of Eyvan County, Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Taran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Zarneh, now a city.
Battle of Las Qoray
The Battle of Las Qoray occurred on 9 July 2008, amid the ongoing territorial disputes between Somaliland and Puntland. Somaliland troops invaded and occupied the port town of Las Qoray, citing a mission to rescue German citizens allegedly held hostage by pirates in the area.

Puntland–Somaliland dispute
The Puntland–Somaliland dispute is an ongoing dispute and conflict over the provinces of Sool, Sanaag and Cayn of Togdheer regions between the self-declared Republic of Somaliland and the Puntland state of Somalia.
Mary Ellen Callahan
Mary Ellen Callahan is the General Counsel for the Lucas Museum of Narrative Art, in Los Angeles, California, set to open to the public in September 2026. She is an American attorney who served as the Assistant Secretary for the DHS Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction (CWMD) Office from August 2023 to January 2025, and was the chief of staff to DHS Deputy Secretary John Tien in the Office of the Deputy Secretary at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security from 2021-2023. Callahan had also served as Chief Privacy Officer of the Department of Homeland Security from 2009-2012.

United States Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security
The deputy secretary of homeland security is the chief operating officer of the United States Department of Homeland Security, with responsibility for managing day-to-day operations. The department has over 208,000 employees and an annual budget of more than $48.5 billion.

If the secretary of homeland security dies, resigns, or is otherwise unable to perform the functions and duties of the office, the deputy secretary is to serve as an acting secretary.

The deputy secretary is appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate. The position of deputy secretary was created along with the creation of the Department of Homeland Security in 2002. The deputy secretary is paid $168,000 annually.
Intercrural fibres of superficial inguinal ring
The intercrural fibers (intercolumnar fibers) are a series of curved tendinous fibers, which arch across the lower part of the aponeurosis of the Obliquus externus, describing curves with the convexities downward.

They have received their name from stretching across between the two crura of the subcutaneous inguinal ring, and they are much thicker and stronger at the inferior crus, where they are connected to the inguinal ligament, than superiorly, where they are inserted into the linea alba.

The intercrural fibers increase the strength of the lower part of the aponeurosis, and prevent the divergence of the crura from one another; they are more strongly developed in the male than in the female.

Linea alba (abdomen)
The linea alba (Latin for: white line) is a strong fibrous midline structure of the anterior abdominal wall situated between the two recti abdominis muscles (one on either side). The umbilicus (navel) is present on the linea alba through which foetal umbilical vessels pass before birth. The linea alba is formed by the union of aponeuroses (of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall) that collectively make up the rectus sheath. The linea alba attaches to the xiphoid process superiorly, and to the pubic symphysis inferiorly. It is narrow inferiorly where the two recti abdominis muscles are in contact with each other posterior to it, and broadens superior-ward from just inferior to the umbilicus.

The name means white line as it is composed mostly of collagen connective tissue, which has a white appearance.

In sufficiently muscular individuals, its presence can be seen on the skin, forming the depression between the left and right halves of a "six pack".
Organophosphine
Organophosphines are organophosphorus compounds with the formula PRnH3−n, where R is an organic substituent.  These compounds can be classified according to the value of n: primary phosphines (n = 1), secondary phosphines (n = 2), tertiary phosphines (n = 3). All adopt pyramidal structures. Organophosphines are generally colorless, lipophilic liquids or solids.  The parent of the organophosphines is phosphine (PH3).

Trimethylphosphine
Trimethylphosphine is an organophosphorus compound with the formula P(CH3)3, commonly abbreviated as PMe3.  This colorless liquid has a strongly unpleasant odor, characteristic of alkylphosphines.  The compound is a common ligand in coordination chemistry.
Constanzo Beschi
Constantine Joseph Beschi (8 November 1680 – 4 February 1747), also known under his Tamil name of Vīramāmunivar, was an Italian Jesuit priest, missionary in South India, and Tamil language littérateur.

He is venerated as a Servant of God in the Catholic Church.

Robert Caldwell
Robert Caldwell (7 May 1814 – 28 August 1891) was a British missionary and linguist.

A missionary for the London Missionary Society, he arrived in British India at age 24, and studied the local language to spread the word of the Bible in a vernacular language, studies that led him to author a text on comparative grammar of the South Indian languages. In his book, Caldwell proposed that there are Dravidian words in the Hebrew of the Old Testament, the archaic Greek language, and the places named by Ptolemy.

Caldwell married Eliza Mault, the daughter of another missionary Rev. Charles Mault posted in India. He served as assistant bishop of Tirunelveli from 1877.

The Government of Tamil Nadu has created a memorial in his honor and a postage stamp has been issued in his name. A statue of Caldwell was erected in 1967 near to Marina Beach, Chennai, as a gift of the Church of South India.
Apopka station
The Apopka Seaboard Air Line Railway Depot is a historic Seaboard Air Line Railroad depot in Apopka, Florida, United States. It is located at 36 East Station Street. The station was built in 1918 to serve a line originally used by the Tavares, Orlando, and Atlantic Railroad in 1885. On March 15, 1993, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2010, a proposal was made to relocate the depot.

Apopka, Florida
Apopka is a city in Orange County, Florida. The city's population was 54,873 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area. Apopka comes from Seminole word Ahapopka for "potato-eating place".

Apopka is referred to as the "Indoor Foliage Capital of the World" due to the many greenhouse nurseries there.
Heart of Dixie Railroad Museum
The Heart of Dixie Railroad Museum (initialised HOD, reporting mark CSMX) is a heritage railroad museum of Alabama. Dedicated to the preservation, restoration, and operation of historically significant railway equipment, the museum is located at 1919 Ninth Street, Calera, Alabama, on I-65 approximately 30 miles (48 km) south of  Birmingham.

The museum features a wide range of locomotives, cars and other railroad equipment that dates from the 19th century to the 1950s and operates regularly scheduled excursions with museum equipment over the museum's track. It also features two depots that are approximately 100 years old.

Alabama Power
Alabama Power Company, headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama, is a company in the southern United States that provides electricity service to 1.4 million customers in the southern two-thirds of Alabama. It also operates appliance stores. It is one of four U.S. utilities operated by the Southern Company, one of the nation's largest generators of electricity.

Alabama Power is an investor-owned, tax-paying utility, and the second largest subsidiary of Southern Company. More than 84,000 miles (135,000 km) of power lines carry electricity to customers throughout a service territory of 44,500 square miles (115,000 km2).

Alabama Power's hydroelectric generating plants encompass several lakes on the Tallapoosa, Coosa, and Black Warrior rivers, as well as coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear and cogeneration plants in various parts of the state.
Trinity Common Terminal
Trinity Common Terminal is a Brampton Transit operated bus terminal serving the northeast area of Brampton, Ontario, Canada. Located centrally within Trinity Common Mall, this terminal has an office that sells Presto There are no public washrooms in this terminal.

Brampton Transit
Brampton Transit (BT) is a public transport bus operator for the City of Brampton in the Regional Municipality of Peel, and within the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) in Ontario, Canada. Brampton Transit began operations in 1974. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 49,200,800, or about 226,500 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.

Züm, a series of bus rapid transit routes running along various major roads within Brampton, was introduced in 2010. All Züm routes (with the exception of one) continue into neighbouring municipalities, namely Mississauga, Vaughan, and Toronto (Humber College Bus Terminal).
Jack Fleming
Leo W. "Jack" Fleming Jr. (February 3, 1923 – January 3, 2001) was an American sports announcer for the National Football League (NFL)'s Pittsburgh Steelers and the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s Chicago Bulls in professional sports, and also the West Virginia Mountaineers football and basketball teams. One of his most famous calls was for the Steelers in 1972, on the "Immaculate Reception".

West Virginia Mountaineers men's basketball
The West Virginia Mountaineers men's basketball team represents West Virginia University in NCAA Division I college basketball competition. They are a member of the Big 12 Conference. WVU has won 13 conference tournament championships, and has 31 appearances in the NCAA tournament, including two Final Fours, most recently in 2010. The Mountaineers have also appeared in 16 National Invitation Tournaments (NIT), and have won the tournament twice, in 1942 and 2007. The 1942 NIT Championship is claimed by West Virginia as a National Championship.

WVU plays their home games at the Hope Coliseum, their home venue since 1970.
Al-Hayat Media Center
Al-Hayat Media Center (Arabic: مركز الحياة للإعلام) is the media wing of the Islamic State. It was established in mid-2014 and targets international (non-Arabic) audiences as opposed to their other Arabic-focused media wings and produces material, mostly Nasheeds, in English, German, Russian, Urdu, Indonesian, Turkish, Bengali, Chinese, Bosnian, Kurdish, Uyghur, and French.

Islamic State dinar
The Islamic State dinar (Arabic: دينار الدولة الإسلامية), or simply the gold dinar, was the official currency of the Islamic State from 2014 to 2019. Subdivided into dirhams and fulûs, it was modelled after the historical gold dinar that was first introduced in the Muslim world during the time of the Umayyad Caliphate. In 2016, one Islamic State dinar had an effective exchange rate of US$190 or £91, though it did not gain traction outside of the Middle East due to the Islamic State conflict, as the international community did not recognize the Islamic State's sovereignty and designated it as a terrorist organization.
Waterhouses, Staffordshire
Waterhouses is a village in the south of the Staffordshire Peak District in England. It is around 8 miles from Leek and Ashbourne, being nearly the halfway point between the two towns on the A523 road, which roughly follows the southern boundary of the Peak District National Park. Waterhouses is also a civil parish, created in 1934 when the parishes of Calton, Cauldon, Waterfall and part of Ilam were merged; previously the village of Waterhouses was on the boundary of Waterfall and Cauldon parishes. The hamlet of Winkhill is also in the parish. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 1,134.

Ashbourne, Derbyshire
Ashbourne is a market town in the Derbyshire Dales district in Derbyshire, England, 14 miles (23 km) west of Derby. Its population was measured at 8,377 in the 2011 census  and was estimated to have grown to 9,163 by 2019. It has many historical buildings and independent shops. The town offers a historic annual Shrovetide football match. Its position near the southern edge of the Peak District makes it the closest town to Dovedale, to which Ashbourne is sometimes referred to as the gateway.
Carl Willey
Carlton Francis Willey (June 6, 1931 – July 20, 2009) was an American professional baseball pitcher who played eight seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) with the Milwaukee Braves and New York Mets.

Willey was a native of Cherryfield, Maine, who threw and batted right-handed, stood 6 feet (1.8 m) tall and weighed 175 pounds (79 kg). He missed the first three months of the 1964 season after having his jaw broken by a line drive hit by Gates Brown during a spring training game. After his playing career ended, Carlton Willey served as a scout for the Philadelphia Phillies.

Willey died of lung cancer on July 20, 2009, in Ellsworth, Maine.

Gates Brown
William James "Gates" Brown (May 2, 1939 – September 27, 2013) was an American Major League Baseball left fielder who spent his entire career with the Detroit Tigers (1963–1975). He batted left-handed and threw right-handed.
The Tempest (Sullivan)
The Tempest incidental music, Op. 1, is a set of movements for Shakespeare's play composed by Arthur Sullivan in 1861 and expanded in 1862.  This was Sullivan's first major composition, and its success quickly brought him to the attention of the musical establishment in England.

Gervase Hughes
Gervase Alfred Booth Hughes (1 September 1905 – July 1984) was an English composer, conductor and writer on music.  From 1926 to 1933, Hughes pursued a career as a conductor and chorus master, principally at the British National Opera Company, and also co-produced Shakespeare plays.  He left the musical profession in 1933, raising a family and working first as an executive in a railway company and later running luxury European tours.  From 1960 to 1972 he published a series of books on musical subjects, beginning with a study of the music of Arthur Sullivan, published in 1960.
1453 events
Year 1453 (MCDLIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1453rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 453rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 53rd year of the 15th century, and the 4th year of the 1450s decade.

Carlo Gonzaga of Milan
Carlo Gonzaga (died 21 December 1456), Lord of Sabbioneta, was an Italian nobleman of the Mantuan House of Gonzaga who rose to the position of Captain of the People in the Ambrosian Republic of Milan, and eventually ruled practically as an autocrat.  He was the younger son of Gianfrancesco Gonzaga and Paola Malatesta, as well as a friend of the humanist writer Francesco Filelfo.  His brother was Ludovico III Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua, and became a rival of his for Mantua and in the field of battle.
Yeongnam Alps
The Yeongnam Alps are a outlying range of the Taebaek Mountains. They consist of a group of relatively tall mountains in the Yeongnam region of southeastern South Korea.  They are much shorter than the European Alps, only slightly over 1000 m.  The term is sometimes restricted to those peaks exceeding 1000 m in height, but may be informally extended to lower peaks in the same region.

The Yeongnam Alps cover a small region at the meeting of South Gyeongsang Province, North Gyeongsang Province, and Ulsan.  The Gyeongnam side is in Sannae-myeon, Miryang; the Gyeongbuk side is in Unmun-myeon, Cheongdo; and the Ulsan side lies in Sangbuk-myeon, Ulju County.

The area is a popular attraction for South Korean domestic tourism.  This is due both to the mountain scenery and to the numerous landmarks in the region.  These include the temples such as Tongdosa and Pyochungsa, the "ice valley" Eoreumgol, various waterfalls and hot springs.

Tongdosa
Tongdosa (Korean: 통도사; lit. Salvation of the World through Mastery of Truth) is a head temple of the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism and in the southern part of Mt. Chiseosan near Yangsan, South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea.

Tongdosa is one of the Three Jewels Temples and represents Gautama Buddha. (Haeinsa, also in South Gyeongsang Province, represents the dharma or Buddhist teachings; and Songgwangsa in South Jeolla Province represents the sangha or Buddhist community.)

Tongdosa is famous because there are no statues outside of the Buddha at the temple because the "real shrines of the Buddha" (relics) are preserved at Tongdosa. Courtyards at the temple are arrayed around several pagodas that house the Buddha's relics.
Enrique Adolfo Jiménez
Enrique Adolfo Jiménez Brin (8 February 1888 – 28 April 1970) was President of Panama from 15 June 1945 to 7 August 1948, representing the National Liberal Party of Panama.

Jiménez Brin was appointed private secretary of President Belisario Porras Barahona at the age of 25, deputy Minister of State, president of the National Bank of Panama and ambassador of Panama to the United States at Washington, D.C., an important post due to the authority exercised by the U.S. over Panama due to its ownership of the Panama Canal.

He was elected the first presidential designate by the National Assembly for the 1924–1926 term and a second time for the 1934–1936 term.

In June 1945, he was appointed president of the Republic of Panama by the Constituent National Assembly, and remained in office until 7 August 1948.

Vice President of Panama
The vice president of Panama is the second-highest political position in the Government of Panama. Since 2009, the position of Vice President has been held by three people.

Before 1945 there were positions of presidential designates elected by the National Assembly for a two-year term. The positions of presidential designates were replaced in 1945 by two vice presidents.

According to the current constitution, Vice President is elected in the same ticket as the President of Panama.
Charmaine Crooks
Charmaine Crooks (born August 8, 1962), is a Canadian businesswoman, sports executive, and retired sprinter and middle-distance runner.

Crooks was born in Mandeville, Jamaica, but represented Canada for close to 20 years in athletics. She was a five-time Olympian, winning silver and setting a national record of 3:21.21 in the 4 x 400 metres relay with her teammates Jillian Richardson, Molly Killingbeck, and Marita Payne. The first Canadian woman to run 800 metres in under two minutes, Crooks also won gold medals at the Pan American, Commonwealth, World Student Games, and World Cup. In 1996, she had the honour of being Canada's flag bearer at the opening ceremonies of the Atlanta Centennial Olympic Games. She is the fifth child with five sisters and three brothers.

Canadian Soccer Association
The Canadian Soccer Association (French: Association canadienne de soccer; branded as Canada Soccer) is the governing body for soccer in Canada. Headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario, the federation is a full member of FIFA and governs Canadian soccer at the international, professional, and amateur levels, including: the men's and women's national teams, youth organizations, beach soccer, futsal, Paralympic and deaf national teams. The Canadian Soccer Association also administers and operates the Canadian Premier League, the Canadian Championship, and the Futsal Canadian Championship.