hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al-Meshkhab
Al-Meshkhab is an Iraqi city and capital of the Al-Meshkhab district situated in the Najaf Governorate, 35 km south of Najaf and 230 km south west of Baghdad. The city is located on the Al-Meshkhab Channel. The majority of the local population consists of Shia Islam belonging to Arabic tribes such as Alzurfy, Muhany and Al-Ghazali. The city was first established as a village in 1916 during the Ottoman Iraq era, promoted to subdistrict then finally upgraded to district capital in 2014.

In 2018 its population was estimated to be north of 140,000.

Najaf
Najaf is the capital city of the eponymous Najaf Governorate in central Iraq, about 160 km (99 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated population in 2024 was about 1.41 million people. It is widely considered amongst the holiest cities of Shia Islam and one of its spiritual capitals, as well as the center of Shia political power in Iraq.

It is the burial place of Muhammad's son in law and cousin, ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib, and thus a major pilgrimage destination for Shia Muslims. The largest cemetery in the world (Wadi-us-Salaam) and the oldest Shi'a Islamic seminary in the world (Hawza of Najaf) are located in Najaf.
FIBA U18 EuroBasket
The FIBA U18 EuroBasket, formerly the FIBA U18 European Championship, and originally the FIBA European Championship for Juniors is an annual men's youth basketball competition contested by the under-18 national teams from FIBA Europe.

The inaugural tournament was in 1964, and was held biennially until 2002. Since 2004, the competition has been played every year. The tournament serves as qualification for the FIBA Under-19 World Cup in even numbered years. The current champions are Spain.

Soviet Union men's national under-19 basketball team
The Soviet Union men's national under-18 and under-19 basketball team was a men's junior national basketball team of the Soviet Union. It represented the country in international under-18 and under-19 (under age 18 and under age 19) basketball competitions, until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. In 1992, CIS men's national under-18 basketball team represented the Commonwealth of Independent States in international under-18 competitions. After 1992, the successor countries all set up their own national teams.
HNLMS Pieter Florisz (F826)
HNLMS Pieter Florisz (F826) (Dutch: Hr.Ms. Pieter Florisz) was a frigate of the Kortenaer class. The ship was in service with the Royal Netherlands Navy from 1983-2001. She was named after Dutch naval hero Pieter Floriszoon, and her radio call sign was "PADI".

Kortenaer-class frigate
The Kortenaer class was a class of anti-submarine frigates of the Royal Netherlands Navy. Like other frigate types of the 1970s and 1980s, they featured a COGOG (combined gas or gas) propulsion system with separate cruise and sprint gas turbines. The Kortenaer-class frigates replaced the anti-submarine destroyers of the Holland and Friesland classes. Ten were built by De Schelde in Vlissingen and two by Wilton-Fijenoord in Schiedam between 1978 and 1982. Only ten served with the Royal Netherlands Navy: two were sold to Greece's Navy while still under construction and replaced by two Jacob van Heemskerck-class frigates which were an air defence variant of the Kortenaer class. The Greek frigates were renamed the Elli class. After service with the Dutch ended, eight of the frigates were sold to Greece in 1992 and the remaining two to the United Arab Emirates. Three of the ships have since been retired from active military service with one converted into the superyacht Yas.
2002 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe
The 2002 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe was a horse race held at Longchamp on Sunday 6 October 2002. It was the 81st running of the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe.

The winner was Marienbard, a five-year-old horse trained in Great Britain by Saeed bin Suroor. The winning jockey was Frankie Dettori.

Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe
The Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe (French pronunciation: [pʁi də laʁk də tʁijɔ̃f]) is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp Racecourse in Paris over a distance of 2,400 metres (1 mile 4 furlongs). The race is scheduled to take place each year in the autumn, usually on the first Sunday in October.

With prize money of €5 million, the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe, often referred to as the Arc, is Europe's richest flat race. The prize money and prestige of the race attract entries and spectators from across the world. Since 2008 the race has been sponsored by Qatar.
Matteo Brighi
Matteo Brighi (Italian pronunciation: [matˈtɛːo ˈbriːɡi]; born 14 February 1981) is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a central midfielder.

Regarded as one of Italy's most talented prospects in his early career, Brighi was named Serie A Young Footballer of the Year in 2002.

2004 UEFA European Under-21 Championship
The 2004 UEFA European Under-21 Championship was the 14th staging of UEFA's European Under-21 Championship. The final tournament was hosted by Germany between 27 May and 8 June 2004.

Italy won the competition for the fifth time. Italy's Alberto Gilardino won the Golden Player award.

The top three teams in this competition qualified for Athens 2004 Olympics, along with hosts Greece U21s.
Carte Goodwin
Carte Patrick Goodwin (born February 27, 1974) is an American attorney and politician who served as a United States senator from West Virginia in 2010. A member of the Democratic Party, he was appointed by Governor Joe Manchin on July 16, 2010 to fill the vacancy created by the death of Robert Byrd. He chose not to seek election to finish Byrd’s unexpired term. Goodwin left office on November 15, 2010 when Manchin was sworn in after being elected to the Senate.

Prior to his appointment as a United States senator, Goodwin served as Manchin's chief counsel. In 2008, he was named one of the "Ten Most Successful Young Executives in West Virginia" by Executive magazine. In 2010, Time named him one of the rising stars of American politics under 40, in their list of "40 under 40". After leaving the Senate, Goodwin joined the law firm of Frost Brown Todd. From 2011 to 2021, Goodwin served as a commissioner on the United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission.

United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia
The United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia (in case citations, S.D. W. Va.) is a federal court in the Fourth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The District was established on June 22, 1901.

As of October 20, 2025, the United States attorney for the District is Moore Capito.
Jean Little First-Novel Award
The Jean Little First-Novel Award is an annual Canadian literary award, administered by the Canadian Children's Book Centre, to recognize a Canadian author's first middle-grade novel.

Named in honour of the late Jean Little, the award was established by fellow children's authors and Little's friends, Sarah Ellis, Kit Pearson, and Maggie de Vries, who is also Little's niece.  The award carries a monetary prize of $5,000. Jean Little (1932–2020) was an award-winning Canadian writer of more than 50 books for young readers.

The award is one of several presented by the Canadian Children's Book Centre each year; others include the Norma Fleck Award for Canadian Children's Non-Fiction, the Geoffrey Bilson Award for Historical Fiction for Young People and the Marilyn Baillie Picture Book Award.

Marilyn Baillie Picture Book Award
The Marilyn Baillie Picture Book Award is an annual Canadian literary award, presented to the year's best illustrated picture book for children. Sponsored by A. Charles Baillie and administered by the Canadian Children's Book Centre, the award carries a monetary prize of $20,000. The award is named in honour of Marilyn Baillie, a children's book author and early childhood educator who is married to former TD Bank chairman A. Charles Baillie.

The award is one of several presented by the Canadian Children's Book Centre each year; others include the Norma Fleck Award for Canadian Children's Non-Fiction, the Geoffrey Bilson Award for Historical Fiction for Young People and the TD Canadian Children's Literature Award.
2014 European Table Tennis Championships
The 2014 European Table Tennis Championships were held in Lisbon, Portugal from 24–28 September 2014. The venue for the competition was MEO Arena. The competition only had team events for men and women. The competition also served as qualification event for the 2015 European Games. The Portuguese team won the Championship for the first time.

European Table Tennis Championships
The European Table Tennis Championships is an international table tennis competition for the national teams of the member associations of the European Table Tennis Union (ETTU). First held in 1958, the ETTU organised the European Championships every two years in even-numbered years until 2002, when they changed to odd-numbered years. Since 2007, the competition has been contested annually.
National Library of Peru
The National Library of Peru (Spanish: Biblioteca Nacional del Perú) is the national library of Peru, located in Lima. It is the country's oldest and most important library. Like the majority of Peruvian libraries, it is a non-circulating library. It has two branches. The old building is on Abancay Avenue (Lima District) and the modern building is on Javier Prado Avenue (San Borja District). Both are open to the public.

Avenida Abancay
Abancay Avenue (Spanish: Avenida Abancay), formerly known as Abancay Street (Spanish: Jirón Abancay), is a major avenue that serves as the limit between the Damero de Pizarro and Barrios Altos, both located in the Historic Centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at Ricardo Palma Bridge and continues for 11 blocks until it reaches Miguel Grau Avenue.

Formerly a street (jirón), it was widened in 1947 under the government of Manuel A. Odría and buildings were built to house the ministries of economy and education. It is currently the second most congested artery in the city due to the circulation of 43 public transportation routes, in addition to private transportation. This makes it one of the roads with the greatest environmental and noise pollution in the city.
1990 Houston Cougars football team
The 1990 Houston Cougars football team represented the University of Houston during the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Cougars were led by first-year head coach John Jenkins and played their home games at the Houston Astrodome in Houston, Texas. The team competed as members of the Southwest Conference, finishing in second. Due to NCAA sanctions, Houston was ineligible to be invited to a bowl game and was banned from being ranked in the Coaches Poll. The Cougars lost only once in the season, to eventual SWC champion, Texas, and were ranked tenth in the final AP poll of the year. Their last regular season game was played in Tokyo, in the Coca-Cola Classic.

Quarterback David Klingler finished third in voting for the Heisman Trophy, leading the nation with 54 passing touchdowns and 374 completions. His 5,140 passing yards trailed only Heisman-winner Ty Detmer of BYU.

David Klingler
David Ryan Klingler (born February 17, 1969) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback for six years in the National Football League (NFL) and current Associate Professor of Bible Exposition at Dallas Theological Seminary. He played college football for the Houston Cougars, earning third-team All-American honors in 1990. Klingler was selected in the first round of the 1992 NFL draft by the Cincinnati Bengals, but his career was cut short by an elbow injury.
Anna of Masovia
Anna of Masovia (c. 1498 – after 26 January 1557) was a Polish princess, Titular Duchess of Masovia and the last representative of the Masovian branch of the Piast dynasty.

She was the second daughter of Konrad III of Masovia and Anna Radziwiłł, and the sister to Janusz III, Stanislaus, and Sophia, who married Stephen VII Báthory.

Piast dynasty
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (c. 960–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of King Casimir III the Great.

Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia (until 1526) and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. The Jagiellonian kings ruling after the death of Casimir IV of Poland were also descended in the female line from Casimir III's daughter.
SS Empire Shelter
SS Empire Shelter was a convoy rescue ship built for the Royal Navy during World War II, originally laid down as the Castle-class corvette HMS Barnard Castle (pennant number K594). Completed a month before the end of the war in May 1945, she made a few short voyages before she was reduced to reserve. The ship later served as a barracks ship and then as a troopship before she was sold for scrap in 1955.

Castle-class corvette
The Castle-class corvette was an ocean going convoy escort developed by the United Kingdom during the Second World War. It was the follow-on to the Flower-class corvette, and designed to be built in shipyards that were producing the Flowers. The Castle-class was a general improvement over the smaller Flowers which were designed for coastal rather than open ocean use.

The Castle-class corvettes started appearing in service during late 1943.
WASP-75
WASP-75 is an F-type main-sequence star about 980 light-years away. The star is much younger than the Sun at approximately 2.9 billion years. WASP-75 is similar to the Sun in its concentration of heavy elements.

F-type main-sequence star
An F-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence, core-hydrogen-fusing star of spectral type F. The spectral luminosity class is V. They have from around 1.1 to 1.6 times the mass of the Sun and surface temperatures between about 6,000 and 7,200 K. This temperature range gives the F-type stars a whitish hue when observed through the atmosphere. Notable examples include Procyon A, Gamma Virginis A and B, and Tabby's Star.
Oaklands, New South Wales
Oaklands is a town in the Riverina district of southern New South Wales, Australia.  It is 615 kilometres south-west of the state capital, Sydney, and 105 kilometres north-west of Albury.  Oaklands is in the Federation Council local government area and, at the 2021 census, had a population of 304.

Oaklands has a pub, bowls club, swimming pool, kindergarten-to-Year-12 school, and a day-care centre.

Break of gauge
With railways, a break of gauge occurs where a line of one track gauge (the distance between the rails, or between the wheels of trains designed to run on those rails) meets a line of a different gauge. Trains and rolling stock generally cannot run through without some form of conversion between gauges, leading to passengers having to change trains, and freight having to be transloaded or transshipped. That can cause delays, added costs, and inconvenience to those travelling on affected routes.
Egg butter
Egg butter (Finnish: munavoi, Estonian: munavõi, Karelian: jäiččävoi, Livvi: jäiččyvoi, Norwegian: eggesmør) is a mixture of butter and chopped hard-boiled eggs. It is a well known spread in Finnish cuisine and Estonian cuisine.

In Finland, egg butter is typically spread over hot Karelian pasties. In Estonia, egg butter and leib (dark rye bread) are traditionally included in the Easter Sunday meal.

Boiled egg
Boiled eggs are a food typically made using chicken eggs. They are cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water. Hard-boiled or hard-cooked eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while soft-boiled eggs may leave the yolk, and sometimes the white, at least partially liquid. Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food around the world.

Besides boiling water immersion, there are a few different methods to make boiled eggs. Eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, i.e. coddling, or they can be steamed. The egg timer was named for commonly being used to time the boiling of eggs.
The Singles (Savage Garden album)
The Singles is the second greatest hits album of Savage Garden, released in Australia on 12 June 2015. Its release was to mark of the 20th anniversary of the band's signing to Roadshow Music in 1995, released through Universal who had acquired the band's catalogue due to the folding of Roadshow in 2013, and coincided with re-released expanded editions of their two studio albums Savage Garden and Affirmation. The compilation also contains a DVD featuring almost all of the band's music videos (only missing the second version of "To the Moon and Back" and the first version of "Affirmation").

A previously unreleased track, a demo from 1994 titled "She", was premiered and released on 15 May 2015 and also features on the album. A limited edition of the album was released in Japan on 25 May 2016, and features an image of Josuke Higashikata from JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Diamond Is Unbreakable after the track "I Want You" was used as the ending theme of the anime adaptation.

Affirmation (Savage Garden album)
Affirmation is the second and final studio album by Australian pop duo Savage Garden, released on 1 November 1999 by Columbia Records. It won the 2000 ARIA Music Award for Highest Selling Album. It was nominated for Best Group and Best Pop Release.
John Leslie Foster
John Leslie Foster, FRS (c. 1781 – 10 July 1842) was an Irish    barrister, judge and Tory Member of Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom Parliament.
In 1830 he was appointed a Baron of the Court of Exchequer of Ireland.

He was the son of William Foster, Bishop of Clogher (1744-1797) and nephew of John Foster, 1st Baron Oriel.  He was educated at Trinity College Dublin and St John's College, Cambridge.

Forty-shilling freeholders
Forty-shilling freeholders were those who had the parliamentary franchise to vote by virtue of possessing freehold property, or lands held directly of the king, of an annual rent of at least forty shillings (i.e. £2 or 3 marks), clear of all charges.

The qualification to vote using the ownership and value of property, and the creation of a group of forty-shilling freeholders, was practiced in many jurisdictions such as England, Scotland, Ireland, the United States of America, Australia, and Canada.
The Unquiet Ones
The Unquiet Ones: A History of Pakistan Cricket is a book written by Pakistani sports journalist Osman Samiuddin. The book was published by HarperCollins India and released on 25 November 2014. In 2015, the book was shortlisted for the 'Book of the Year' award by the Cricket Writers' Club.

Wisden Cricketers' Almanack
Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, or simply Wisden, colloquially the Bible of Cricket, is a cricket reference book published annually in the United Kingdom. The description "Bible of cricket" (or variations thereof) has been applied to Wisden since the early 1900s.

Between 1998 and 2005, an Australian edition of Wisden was published. An Indian version, edited by Suresh Menon, was produced annually from 2013 to 2018, but discontinued following the publication of a combined 2019 and 2020 issue.
Sanusha
Sanusha Santhosh is an Indian actress who works predominantly in Malayalam cinema. She started her career as a child artist to leading actress and supporting character roles. She also appears in some Tamil, Telugu and Kannada films too.

Kerala State Film Award for Best Child Artist
The Kerala State Film Award for Best Child Artist is an award, begun in 1969, presented annually at the Kerala State Film Awards of India for the best performance by a child actor in the Malayalam cinema. Until 1997, the awards were managed directly by the Department of Cultural Affairs of the Government of Kerala. Since 1998, the awards have been controlled by the Kerala State Chalachitra Academy, an autonomous, non-profit institution functioning under the Department of Cultural Aff airs.
Doty Hills
The Doty Hills are hills in Lewis County and Grays Harbor County in southwest Washington. The hills lie north of Doty, Washington and west of Chehalis, between the Black Hills to their north and the Willapa Hills to their south. They are considered part of the Willapa Hills physiographic province.

Black Hills (Washington)
The Black Hills are a small range of hills in Thurston and Grays Harbor counties of Washington. They are widely considered a subset of the Willapa Hills; however, the line parent of the Black Hills is Rock Peak, in the Olympic Mountains.

The tallest peak in the range is Capitol Peak with a 2,664-foot (812 m) height.

The Black Hills takes its name from the Black River. A former variant name was "Black Mountains".

The Capitol State Forest has roughly the same boundaries as the Black Hills.

The high school A.G. West Black Hills, Tumwater, Washington, is named for the hills, as is the local soccer club, the Blackhills Football Club. Capital Medical Center on the west side of Olympia was named Black Hills Community Hospital from its opening in 1985 until 1991.
Nomura Ichirizuka
Nomura Ichirizuka  (野村一里塚) is a historic Japanese distance marker akin to a milestone, consisting of an earthen mound located in the Nomura neighborhood of the city of Kameyama, Mie Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1934.

Kameyama, Mie
Kameyama (亀山市, Kameyama-shi) is a city located in northern Mie Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 August 2021, the city had an estimated population of 49,457 in 21,745 households and a population density of 260 persons per km². The total area of the city is 190.91 km2 (73.71 square miles).
H.V. Dalling
Horace Victor Dalling (1854–1931) was a Canadian watchmaker, jeweller, optician and inventor. He was the watch inspector for the Canadian Pacific Railway, and is also known for manufacturing the first two telephones in Woodstock, New Brunswick, which he placed in his store and in his home.

Optician
An optician is an individual who fits glasses or contact lenses by filling a refractive prescription from an optometrist or ophthalmologist. They are able to translate and adapt ophthalmic prescriptions, dispense products, and work with accessories.  There are several specialties within the field.
John Prendergast Vereker
John Prendergast Vereker (April 1822 – 27 December 1891) was an Anglo-Irish lawyer and politician. He was the Lord Mayor of Dublin from 1863 to 1864.

John Prendergast Vereker was the second eldest son of John Vereker, 3rd Viscount Gort, from his first marriage to Hon. Maria O'Grady (1791–1854), daughter of Standish O'Grady, 1st Viscount Guillamore.

He graduated from Trinity College Dublin with a Master of Arts degree. Vereker then practiced as a barrister from 1847. He was a member of Dublin Corporation from 1862 to 1883. In 1863 he held the office of Lord Mayor of Dublin. This made Vereker the first practicing barrister to hold this office since Daniel O'Connell in 1841. He was High Sheriff of Dublin in 1878.

On 21 December 1858, he married Louisa Medlicott (died 1906). The marriage resulted in four children, two daughters and two sons.

Lord Mayor of Dublin
The Lord Mayor of Dublin (Irish: Ardmhéara Bhaile Átha Cliath) is the honorary title of the chairperson (Irish: Cathaoirleach [ˈkahiːɾˠl̠ʲəx]) of Dublin City Council which is the local government body for the city of Dublin, the capital of Ireland. The incumbent, since June 2025, is Fine Gael councillor Ray McAdam. The office holder is elected annually by the members of the council.