hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rail services in the West of England
Rail services in the West of England refer to passenger rail journeys made in the Bristol commuter area. 17 million passenger rail journeys were made in 2019-20 within the Gloucestershire, Wiltshire and Bristol/Bath region.

Local enterprise partnership
In England, local enterprise partnerships (LEPs) were voluntary partnerships between local authorities and businesses, set up in 2011 by the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills to help determine local economic priorities and lead economic growth and job creation within the local area. They carried out some of the functions previously carried out by the regional development agencies which were abolished in March 2012. In certain areas, funding was received from the UK government via growth deals. Funding for LEPs was withdrawn by the Rishi Sunak Conservative government in April 2024 and their functions were assumed by local authorities, some of whom have formed Business Boards as replacements.
Chikuzen-Iwaya Station
Chikuzen-Iwaya Station (筑前岩屋駅, Chikuzen-Iwaya-eki) is a bus transit station on the Hitahikosan Line in Tōhō, Asakura District, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, operated by Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu). To the north of the station, the 4380 m Shakadake Tunnel can be clearly seen, where a fatal tunnel collapse occurred during construction in 1953, killing 21 construction workers.

Tōhō, Fukuoka
Tōhō (東峰村, Tōhō-mura) is a village located in Asakura District, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2023, the village had an estimated population of 1842 in 811 households, and a  population density of 35 persons per km².  The total area of the village is 51.97 km2 (20.07 sq mi).
Huang Chi-min
Huang Chi-min (born April 4, 1952) is a Taiwanese fire service official who served as Director-General of the National Fire Agency from 2003 to 2009.

Between 2002 and 2006, Huang accepted NT$19.24 million in bribes in connection with nine procurement projects, including the UH-1H Helicopter Dispatch and Monitoring System. He was detained in 2012 after the case was uncovered and was widely referred to by the media as “the most corrupt Director-General in the history of the Fire Agency.”

District court (Taiwan)
The district courts (Chinese: 地方法院; pinyin: Dìfāng Fǎyuàn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tē-hng Hoat-īⁿ) are the ordinary trial courts of general jurisdiction under the law of Taiwan. Currently there are 22 district courts under the jurisdiction of the Republic of China (Taiwan).
2014 Tour of Qatar
The 2014 Tour of Qatar was the 13th edition of the Tour of Qatar cycling stage race. It was rated as a 2.HC event on the UCI Asia Tour, and was held between 9 and 14 February 2014, in Qatar.

The race was won by Omega Pharma–Quick-Step rider Niki Terpstra, who won the opening stage of the race and held the lead throughout. Second place went to his teammate Tom Boonen, who won two stages and the points classification, while third place went to Jürgen Roelandts of the Lotto–Belisol squad. The young rider classification was won by another Omega Pharma–Quick-Step rider, Guillaume Van Keirsbulck, while the teams classification was also won by Omega Pharma–Quick-Step, after five of the team's eight riders – Terpstra, Boonen, Van Keirsbulck (seventh), Stijn Vandenbergh (eighth) and Andrew Fenn (ninth) – finished in the top ten overall.

Tour of Qatar
The Tour of Qatar was an annual professional cycling stage race held in Qatar. First organized in 2002, the event was part of the UCI Asia Tour until 2016. The 2017 edition was to have seen the event upgraded to the UCI World Tour for the first time, but it was cancelled due to lack of sponsorship support.

The event consisted of a men's competition over five stages, and, since 2009, a women's competition over four stages – held a week before the men's race. Because Qatar is entirely flat, the tour was almost always won by a sprinter or classics specialist. Belgian Tom Boonen  and Dutchwoman Kirsten Wild hold the record with four overall wins, in the men's and ladies' competition respectively.
STV Horst-Emscher
STV Horst-Emscher was a German association football club from the city of Gelsenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia. The club's greatest success has been to qualify for the 1950 German football championship, where it was knocked out by SpVgg Fürth. Between 1947 and 1959 it spent eight seasons in the tier one Oberliga West. In 1967 the club also won the German amateur football championship. The club also made two appearances in the DFB-Pokal, the German Cup, in 1954–55 and 1988–89. STV folded in mid-season in 2007 because of financial trouble.

Regionalliga
A Regionalliga (German pronunciation: [ʁeɡi̯oˈnaːlˌliːɡa], plural Regionalligen) is a regional league in numerous sports governing bodies in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, usually located in the upper or middle tiers of the sports leagues.

The term is often associated with the German football league system where it is the fourth tier or one of the three divisions of Regionalliga in Austria, which represent the third tier in that country. Until 1974, Regionalliga was the second tier in Germany. In 1994, it was reintroduced as the third tier. Upon the creation of the new Germany-wide 3. Liga in 2008, it became the fourth tier. While all of the clubs in the top three divisions of German football are professional, the Regionalliga has a mixture of professional and semi-professional clubs.
1917 Saint Mary's Saints football team
The 1917 Saint Mary's Saints football team was an American football team that represented Saint Mary's College of California during the 1917 college football season.  The team compiled an 8–1–1 record, shut out seven of ten opponents, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 199 to 46. The sole loss was to the undefeated Mare Island Marines team that also won the 1918 Rose Bowl. With victories over both USC and California, the Saint Mary's team was proclaimed in the press as the California college champion.

Prior to 1917, Saint Mary's College had not been known as a football power. As of 1917, the school, located on Broadway in Oakland, California, had only 250 students with an average age of 16, and the Oakland Tribune opined that "only about 20 of the students are football material."

In July 1917, Saint Mary's College hired Russell T. Wilson as its new football coach. Wilson had previously been associated with Whittier College.

1917 USC Trojans football team
The 1917 USC Trojans football team represented the University of Southern California (USC) in the 1917 college football season. In their fourth year under head coach Dean Cromwell, the Trojans compiled a 4–2–1 record  and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 127 to 47.
Law enforcement in Japan
Law enforcement in Japan is provided mainly by prefectural police under the oversight of the National Police Agency. The National Police Agency is administered by the National Public Safety Commission, ensuring that Japan's police are an apolitical body and free of direct central government executive control. They are checked by an independent judiciary and monitored by a free and active press.

There are two types of law enforcement officials in Japan, depending on the underlying provision: Police officers of Prefectural Police Departments (prescribed as Judicial police officials (司法警察職員) under Article 189 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法, Keiji-soshōhō)), and Special judicial police officials (特別司法警察職員); prescribed in Article 190 of the same law, dealing with specialized fields with high expertise.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC; French: Office des Nations unies contre la drogue et le crime) is a United Nations office that was established in 1997 as the Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention by combining the United Nations International Drug Control Program (UNDCP) and the Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division in the United Nations Office at Vienna, adopting the current name in 2002.

The agency's focus is the trafficking and abuse of illicit drugs, crime prevention and criminal justice, international terrorism, and political corruption. It is a member of the United Nations Development Group. In 2022–23, it had an estimated biannual budget of US$822 million.
Constitutional Tribunal (Poland)
The Constitutional Tribunal (Polish: Trybunał Konstytucyjny [trɘˈbu.naw kɔn.stɘ.tuˈt͡sɘj.nɘ]) is the constitutional court of the Republic of Poland, a judicial body established to resolve disputes on the constitutionality of the activities of state institutions; its main task is to supervise the compliance of statutory law with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland.

Its creation was a request of the Solidarity movement following its 1981 National Congress that took place a few weeks before the introduction of martial law. The Tribunal was established on 26 March 1982 and judges took office on 1 January 1986.

The tribunal's powers increased in 1989 with the transition to the democratic Third Polish Republic and in 1997 with the establishment of a new Constitution. The Constitution mandates that its 15 members are elected by the Sejm, the lower house, for 9 years. It is the subject of an appointment crisis since 2015.

It should not be confused with the Supreme Court of Poland.

Constitutional court
A constitutional court is a high court that deals primarily with constitutional law. Its main authority is to rule on whether laws that are challenged are in fact unconstitutional, i.e. whether they conflict with constitutionally established rules, rights, and freedoms, among other things.
1998 World Snooker Championship
The 1998 World Snooker Championship (also referred to as the 1998 Embassy World Snooker Championship for the purposes of sponsorship) was a professional ranking snooker tournament that took place between 18 April and 4 May 1998 at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England.

John Higgins won his first World title by defeating defending champion Ken Doherty 18–12 in the final. Doherty became another World Champion who fell to the Crucible curse and could not defend his first World title. However, Doherty has come closer than any other first-time champion bar Joe Johnson to retaining his championship.  The tournament was sponsored by cigarette manufacturer Embassy.

Crucible Theatre
The Crucible Theatre, or simply The Crucible, is a theatre in Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England, which opened in 1971. Its name refers to crucible steel, which was developed in Sheffield in 1740 and drove the industrialisation of the city.

In addition to regular theatrical performances, the theatre also serves as a sports venue, having hosted the World Snooker Championship annually since 1977. The Guardian newspaper has called the Crucible the "spiritual home of snooker". The World Women's Snooker Championship and the World Seniors Championship have also been staged at the venue.

In May 2022, proposed plans were unveiled to build a new 3,000-seat venue nearby with a bridge connecting the two buildings.
58th Infantry Division "Legnano"
The 58th Infantry Division "Legnano" (Italian: 58ª Divisione di fanteria "Legnano") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The Legnano's predecessor division was formed on 8 February 1934 in Milan and named for the medieval Battle of Legnano. On 24 May 1939 the division split to form the 6th Infantry Division "Cuneo" and the 58th Infantry Division "Legnano". After the announcement of the Armistice of Cassibile the Legnano resisted the invading German forces. The division's staff and 67th Infantry Regiment "Legnano" were used to form the first unit of the Italian Co-belligerent Army, which fought on the allied side in the Italian campaign. On 17 February 1944 the division's last units joined other commands and the division was officially dissolved.

10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze
The 10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze (Škoda houfnice vz 14) was a dual-purpose field and mountain gun used by Austria-Hungary during World War I, with variations of the 14 and improved 14/19 used by several countries afterwards, especially Italy. It was a conventional design, although the first versions used an obsolescent wrought bronze barrel liner and a cast bronze jacket. Later versions used a standard steel barrel.
Psychodomorpha
The nematoceran infraorder Psychodomorpha (sometimes misspelled as Psychomorpha, which is the name of a genus of noctuid moths) includes three families, Psychodidae, Blephariceridae, and Tanyderidae, as well as the superfamily Scatopsoidea, which contains the families Canthyloscelidae, Scatopsidae and Valeseguyidae.

Scatopsoidea
Scatopsoidea is a superfamily of true flies that comprises the families Canthyloscelidae, Scatopsidae, and Valeseguyidae. There are about 400 known species worldwide but more may yet to be discovered, especially in the tropics.
Tarapur Assembly constituency
Tarapur is one of 243 constituencies of the legislative assembly of Bihar. It comes under Jamui (Lok Sabha constituency). This assembly constituency contains Tarapur Block. The region is dominated by Kushwahas. In the elections of Mukhiya and the President (Pramukh) of the Block, the probability of the victory of candidates belonging to this caste group remains high. In 2022, the polls were conducted for the membership of  Zila Parishad and Mukhiya, and out of ten posts of Mukhia, five were won by the candidate belonging to Kushwaha community. The two posts of member of Zila Parishad also went to candidates from the same community.

Mukhi
Mukhi (mukhia) is the title used for a head of community or village elites and their local government in Western India and Sindh. It is derived from the word mukhiya meaning 'foremost', and prior to Indian independence they were the most powerful person in each community, imbued with both civil and judicial powers.
Halachic state
The term "halachic state" (Hebrew: מְדִינַת הֲלָכָה, romanized: Medīnat Hălāḵā) refers to a sovereign state that endorses Judaism in an official capacity and governs by Jewish law (Halakha). It has been a subject of discussion among Orthodox Jews, particularly with regard to modern Israel, which, although a Jewish state, is not classified as a theocracy. A number of Israeli politicians who identify as Orthodox have publicly voiced their support for Israel's transformation into a halachic state, but this position has not gained significant traction in the country's legal system or among the majority of Israeli society.

Theocracy
Theocracy or ethiocracy is a form of autocracy or oligarchy in which one or more deities are recognized as supreme ruling authorities giving divine guidance to human intermediaries with executive, legislative or judicial power who manage the government's daily affairs.
Renaissance of Sumer
The Renaissance of Sumer is a period of the history of Mesopotamia that includes the years between the fall of the Akkadian Empire and the period of the Amorite dynasties of Isin and Larsa—both with governments of Semitic origin—between the centuries 22nd B.C. and 21st B.C. Within this stage the years of the so-called Third Dynasty of Ur or "Ur III" stand out, because of the new hegemony that would embrace all Mesopotamia, this time with the city of Ur at the head.

History of Mesopotamia
The Civilization of Mesopotamia ranges from the earliest human occupation in the Paleolithic period up to Late antiquity. This history is pieced together from evidence retrieved from archaeological excavations and, after the introduction of writing in the late 4th millennium BC, an increasing amount of historical sources. Mesopotamia has been home to many of the oldest major civilizations, entering history from the Early Bronze Age, for which reason it is often called a cradle of civilization.
Chizu Express HOT7000 series
The Chizu Express HOT7000 series (智頭急行HOT7000系) is a diesel multiple unit (DMU) tilting train type operated by the third-sector operating company Chizu Express and West Japan Railway Company (JR West) on Super Hakuto limited express services between Kyoto, Tottori, and Kurayoshi in Japan since December 1994.

The designation "HOT" is derived from the initials of the three prefectures along the route served: Hyogo Prefecture, Okayama Prefecture, and Tottori Prefecture.

Chizu Express
Chizu Express (智頭急行株式会社, Chizu kyūkō Kabushikigaisha) is a Japanese third-sector railway that connects Hyōgo, Okayama and Tottori prefectures. Chizu Express operates one line, the Chizu Line.

Unlike the majority of third-sector railway companies which operate at a loss, Chizu Express makes a profit due to the track access fees paid by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) to use the Chizu Line for its Limited Express trains Super Hakuto and Super Inaba. Net profit after tax for the 2024-2025 financial year was ¥263,580,481.
Siege of Mexico City
The siege of Mexico City was an 1867 military engagement in the Second French intervention in Mexico between Republican forces, aided by the United States, and Emperor Maximilian's troops, aided by the French Empire and Austria-Hungary, encompassing in the siege of the city. It was the last armed conflict of the Second Mexican Empire and the fall of the city resulted in the transition of the Empire into the Republic led by Benito Juárez.: 283

National Palace (Mexico)
The National Palace (Spanish: Palacio Nacional) is the seat of the federal executive in Mexico. Since 2018 it has also served as the official residence for the President of Mexico. It is located on Mexico City's main square, the Plaza de la Constitución (El Zócalo). This site has been a palace for the ruling class of Mexico since the Aztec Empire, and much of the current palace's building materials are from the original one that belonged to the 16th-century leader Moctezuma II.
Lance O'Sullivan (doctor)
Lance O'Sullivan (born 1973) is a New Zealand Māori doctor (Te Rarawa, Ngati Hau, Ngati Maru) formerly practising in Kaitaia, Northland. He is also an author, public speaker and public health advocate.  In 2013 O'Sullivan was declared Ngā Toa Whakaihuwaka (Supreme Māori of the year), and in 2014 he was declared New Zealander of the Year 2014 for bringing health programmes to disadvantaged in rural areas.

Ministry of Health (New Zealand)
The Ministry of Health (Māori: Manatū Hauora) is the public service department of New Zealand responsible for  healthcare in New Zealand. It came into existence in its current form in 1993. The organisation was founded in 1901 as the Department of Public Health in 1901, and was renamed to Department of Health in 1922.
Rubroshorea smithiana
Rubroshorea smithiana (called, along with some other dipterocarp species, light red meranti) is a large emergent rainforest tree species in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The species is endemic to Borneo. It is threatened by habitat loss. The tallest measured specimen is 82.3 m tall in the Tawau Hills National Park, in Sabah, Borneo.

The species was first described as Shorea smithiana by Colin Fraser Symington in 1938. In 2022 Peter Shaw Ashton and Jacqueline Heckenhauer placed the species in genus Rubroshorea as R. smithiana.

Rubroshorea
Rubroshorea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It includes 71 species of trees native to Borneo, Caroline Islands, Java, Malaya, Maluku, the Philippines, Sumatra and Thailand.

The genus corresponds to the Red meranti group in the Dipterocarp timber classification system.
Flag of Burundi
The original national flag of Burundi (Kirundi: ibendera ry'Uburundi, French: Drapeau du Burundi) was adopted after the Burundian independence from Belgium on 1 July 1962. It went through several revisions and now consists of a white saltire which divides the field into alternating red and green areas. The center of the saltire merges into a white disk, on which there are three red solid six-pointed stars outlined in green. The current ratio is 3:5, which was changed from 2:3 on 27 September 1982.

National flag
A national flag is a flag that represents and symbolizes a given nation. It is flown by the government of that nation, but can also be flown by its citizens. A national flag is typically designed with specific meanings for its colors and symbols, which may also be used separately from the flag as a symbol of the nation. The design of a national flag is sometimes altered after the occurrence of important historical events.
Qasigiannguit Heliport
Qasigiannguit Heliport (IATA: JCH, ICAO: BGCH) is a heliport in the eastern part of Qasigiannguit, a town located on the southeastern shores of Disko Bay in Qeqertalik municipality, in western Greenland.

Qeqertalik
Qeqertalik (Greenlandic pronunciation: [qɜqɜtːalik], Danish: Område med øer, lit. 'Area with islands') is a municipality of Greenland created in 2018 from four southern regions of the former Qaasuitsup Municipality. It is the least populated municipality at a population of 5,969, despite this it is the 2nd most densely populated municipality with 0.09 people per square kilometer.
Timeline of Eastern Orthodoxy in Greece (from 2008)
This is a timeline of the presence of Eastern Orthodoxy in Greece from 2008. The history of Greece traditionally encompasses the study of the Greek people, the areas they ruled historically, as well as the territory now composing the modern state of Greece.

Ministry of Education, Religious Affairs and Sports
The Ministry of Education, Religious Affairs and Sports (Greek: Υπουργείο Παιδείας, Θρησκευμάτων και Αθλητισμού) is a government department of Greece. One of the oldest ministries, established in 1833, it is responsible for running the country's education system and for supervising the religions in Greece.
Joshua Fry Bullitt Jr.
Joshua Fry Bullitt Jr. (July 24, 1856 – April 20, 1932) was a Virginia lawyer who practiced in Big Stone Gap, Virginia. He was one of the leading citizens of Southwest Virginia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, both as a practicing lawyer and as a political figure. His prominence corresponded with the rise of the coal business in central Appalachia. His legacy includes both the continuation of the energy companies that he helped to create and the careers of the prominent legal figures who worked with and learned from him, just as he was the heir to a series of accomplished legal figures. As the leader of a citizen police force, he was the model for a character in one of the best-selling novels in the United States in the first half of the 20th century.

Wise County, Virginia
Wise County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. The county was formed in 1856 from Lee, Scott, and Russell Counties and named for Henry A. Wise, who was the Governor of Virginia at the time.  The county seat is in Wise.
Battle of Poimanenon
The Battle of Poimanenon or Poemanenum was fought in early 1224 (or possibly late 1223) between the forces of the two main successor states of the Byzantine Empire; the Latin Empire and the Byzantine Greek Empire of Nicaea. The opposing forces met at Poimanenon, south of Cyzicus in Mysia, near Lake Kuş.

Cyzicus
Cyzicus (/ˈsɪzɪkəs/ SIZ-ik-əs; Ancient Greek: Κύζικος, romanized: Kúzikos; was an ancient Greek town in Mysia in Anatolia in the current Balıkesir Province of Turkey. It was located on the shoreward side of the present Kapıdağ Peninsula (the classical Arctonnesus), a tombolo which is said to have originally been an island in the Sea of Marmara only to be connected to the mainland in historic times either by artificial means or an earthquake.

The site of Cyzicus, located on the Erdek and Bandırma roads, is protected by Turkey's Ministry of Culture.