hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pogliano Milanese
Pogliano Milanese (Lombard: Pojan [puˈjãː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Milan.

Pogliano Milanese borders the following municipalities: Lainate, Nerviano, Rho, Vanzago, Pregnana Milanese, Arluno.

Nerviano
Nerviano (Lombard: Nervian [nerˈʋjãː]) is a comune (municipality) in the northwestern part of the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of downtown Milan. Its territory is crossed by the Olona river and by the Villoresi Canal.
Ibn Babawayh Cemetery
Ibn Babawayh cemetery (Persian: گورستان ابن‌بابویه or قبرستان ابن‌بابویه), also spelled as Ebn-e Babviyeh, Ebn-e Babooyeh, is located in Iran in the town of Rey (which is now inside Greater Tehran metropolitan area).

Mohammad Ali Foroughi
Mohammad Ali Foroughi (Persian: محمدعلی فروغی; early August 1877 – 26 or 27 November 1942), also known as Zoka-ol-Molk (Persian: ذُکاءُالمُلک), was an Iranian politician, writer, freemason, Azali, and diplomat who served as the  Prime Minister of Iran for three terms. He wrote numerous books on ancient Iranian history and is known for founding the Academy of Iran.
Frithsden
Frithsden /ˈfrɪzdən/ (locally pronounced 'Frizden') is a small hamlet in Hertfordshire, England. It sits in the Chiltern Hills, about two miles north of  the town of Berkhamsted, which it's part of. Administratively, it falls under the Dacorum district, specifically in the ward of Nettleden with Potten End.

The village name is derived from the wood le Fryth (me. frith »wood«). It is first mentioned 1291 as Frithesdene (»valley of the wood«).

West of the hamlet bordering to Ashridge Park are the Frithsden Beeches, a wood left to nature, with large beeches. Scenes for Sleepy Hollow, Jonathan Creek and Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire have been filmed in this wood.

Frithsden, together with the neighbouring hamlets Nettleden and Potten End, is famous for its black cherries and the villagers hold in July their annual cherry fair. They also claim to have originated the Cherry Bounce and the Cherry Turnover. The village also had a winery, Frithsden Vineyard, but this closed in 2019.

Dacorum
Dacorum is a local government district with borough status in Hertfordshire, England. The council is based in Hemel Hempstead. The borough also includes the towns of Berkhamsted and Tring and surrounding villages. The borough had a population of 155,081 in 2021. Dacorum was created in 1974 and is named after the medieval "hundred" (a type of county division) of Dacorum, which had covered a similar area. The borough of Dacorum is the westernmost of Hertfordshire's ten districts. It borders St Albans, Three Rivers, Buckinghamshire and Central Bedfordshire.
Sudan floods
Sudan floods can refer to:

1988 Sudan floods

2007 Sudan floods

2013 Sudan floods

2018 Sudan floods

2020 Sudan floods – Floods within Sudan caused by rainfall

2022 Sudan floods – Natural disaster in the Sudan in 2022

2024 Sudan floods

2013 Sudan floods
Continuous and heavy rains in much of Sudan, starting in early August 2013, resulted in flood damage in at least 14 of 18 Sudanese states. Over 300,000 people are reported to have been affected, with over 25,000 homes reported destroyed. Government agencies report that nearly 50 people have been killed.
2018 Cape Town mayoral election
An indirect mayoral election was held at a special sitting of the Cape Town City Council on 6 November 2018 to determine the successor of former mayor Patricia de Lille after she resigned on 31 October. Former mayor and Provincial Minister of Community Safety, Dan Plato, of the Democratic Alliance won the election as the party holds a two-thirds majority in the city council.

Mayor of Cape Town
The mayor of Cape Town is the head of the local government of Cape Town, South Africa. Currently, that government takes the form of the City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality.

The mayoral position was established on 7 December 2000.

In the past, the position of mayor has varied between that of an executive mayor actively governing the city and that of a figurehead mayor with a mostly ceremonial role. The current mayor is Geordin Hill-Lewis of the Democratic Alliance (DA).
Mount Hamilton (California)
Mount Hamilton is a mountain in the Diablo Range in Santa Clara County, California. The mountain's peak, at 4,265 feet (1,300 m), overlooks the heavily urbanized Santa Clara Valley and is the site of Lick Observatory, the world's first permanently occupied mountain-top observatory. The asteroid 452 Hamiltonia, discovered in 1899, is named after the mountain.  Golden eagle nesting sites are found on the slopes of Mount Hamilton. On clear days, Mount Tamalpais, the Santa Cruz Mountains, Monterey Bay, the Monterey Peninsula, and even Yosemite National Park are visible from the summit of the mountain.

William Henry Brewer
William Henry Brewer (September 14, 1828 – November 2, 1910) was an American botanist. He worked on the first California Geological Survey and was the first Chair of Agriculture at Yale University's Sheffield Scientific School.
Jan Ellis
Jan Hendrik Ellis (5 January 1942 – 8 February 2013) was a South African rugby union player who represented the Springboks in 38 tests, which at his retirement in 1976 was a record. His 7 test tries equalled Ferdie Bergh's record for forwards and were only surpassed in 1997 by Mark Andrews' 12 tries. Playing on the flank, Ellis was instantly recognisable on the field due to his red hair and uncompromising playing style. Among three Springboks invited to participate in the first unofficial rugby sevens world cup in 1973, he was ranked in 2003 as the 12th greatest Springbok of all time.

Rugby union gameplay
Rugby union is a contact sport that consists of two teams of fifteen players. The objective is to obtain more points than the opposition through scoring tries or kicking goals over eighty minutes of playing time. The play is started with one team drop-kicking the ball from the halfway line towards the opposition. The rugby ball can be moved up the field by either carrying it or kicking it. However, when passing the ball it can only be thrown laterally or backward. The opposition can stop players moving up the field by tackling them. Only players carrying the ball can be tackled and once a tackle is completed the opposition can compete for the ball. Play continues until a try is scored, the ball crosses the side line or dead-ball line, or an infringement occurs. After a team scores points, the non-scoring team restarts the game at the halfway with a drop kick toward the opposition. The team with the most points at the end wins the game.
Duno, Lombardy
Duno is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Milan and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Varese. 
Duno borders the following municipalities: Brissago-Valtravaglia, Casalzuigno, Cassano Valcuvia, Cuveglio, Mesenzana, Porto Valtravaglia.

Varese
Varese (UK: /vəˈreɪzeɪ, -zi/ və-RAY-zay, -⁠zee, US: /vɑːˈreɪseɪ/ var-AY-say; Italian: [vaˈreːze] ⓘ or [vaˈreːse]; Varesino: Varés [ʋaˈreːs]; Latin: Baretium; archaic German: Väris) is a city and comune in north-western Lombardy, northern Italy, 55 km (34 mi) north-west of Milan. The population of Varese in 2018 was 80,559.

It is the capital of the Province of Varese. The hinterland or exurban part of the city is called Varesotto.
RECS International
RECS International was founded in Brussels in 2002 and is a non-profit-making European association of market players trading in renewable energy certificates. Its members are renewable energy producers, traders, suppliers and brokers, mostly in Europe (but also in South Africa, US and Canada), who either wish to have a voluntary account for trading RECS certificates with their national issuing body and/or wish to influence policy at governmental and regulatory level concerning certificate trading. RECS International represents market players in discussions with national and international government, and facilitates events and activities.

RECS International works in cooperation with the Association of Issuing Bodies.

Association of Issuing Bodies
The Association of Issuing Bodies (AIB) promotes the use of a standardised system European Energy Certificate System (EECS), based on structures and procedures to ensure the reliable operation of international energy certificate systems. European Energy Certificate System (EECS) is set out in "The EECS Rules" and its supporting documents.

The work of the AIB is relevant to all electricity customers, as the Guarantee of Origin (the instrument created in the European Directive and standardised through EECS) is a cornerstone of providing reliable disclosure information on the origin of electricity supplied to consumers.
Tom Kostopoulos
Thomas George Kostopoulos (Greek: Θωμάς Κωστόπουλος; born January 24, 1979) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He most notably played in the National Hockey League (NHL) before playing his career with the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins in the American Hockey League (AHL). Kostopoulos was selected by the Pittsburgh Penguins in the seventh round (204th overall) of the 1999 NHL entry draft, and the 2017–18 season was his 19th year as a professional hockey player.

2017–18 AHL season
The 2017–18 AHL season was the 82nd season of the American Hockey League. The regular season ran from October 6, 2017, to April 15, 2018. The 2018 Calder Cup playoffs followed the conclusion of the regular season. The Toronto Marlies won their first Calder Cup in seven games over the Texas Stars.
Brigida v. FAA
Brigida v. United States Department of Transportation et al, No. 1:2016cv02227,  is a class action, racial discrimination lawsuit that was filed in the United States in November 2016. The lead plaintiff is Andrew Brigida. The plaintiffs, in total about 1,000,  accused the Federal Aviation Administration of racially discriminating against them when they applied to be air-traffic controllers.

Air traffic controller
An air traffic controller (ATC) is a person responsible for the coordination of air traffic within controlled airspace. Typically they work in area control centers or control towers, where they monitor aircraft movements and maintain direct communication with the pilots.

The profession dates back to the early 20th century, evolving alongside advances in aviation and radar technology to meet the growing demands of air travel.

It is considered to be highly demanding and stressful, requiring continuous decision-making and adaptability, often under time pressure. Factors such as unfavorable work schedules, high responsibility and the reliability of equipment further influence workload and stress levels. Despite these challenges, the role offers competitive salaries and strong job security, which are often cited as key benefits.
Sculpture automatique avec certaines interventions dirigées: Ombre chinoise
Sculpture automatique avec certaines interventions dirigées: Ombre chinoise, is a sculpture by Hans Arp. It belongs to the collection of the Institut Valencià d'Art Modern, in València.

Since the 1930s, when the author starts to specialize in the sculptural practice, one of his objectives was to experiment and study the spatial occupation of his works to conquest the volumetry. Once he considered to have achieved a good mastery of the volumes, he started working on this sculpture based on Ombres chinoises. The work belongs to the personal language the author defined in previous years, a representation of nature as an ideal for art through abstract and biomorphic forms, characterized by curves and fluctuating motion in their surfaces. The work also synthesizes two of Arp's lines of research: the plastic metamorphosis of organic bodies and volume expansion in the space.

Institut Valencià d'Art Modern
The Institut Valencià d'Art Modern (Valencian pronunciation: [instiˈtud valensiˈa ˈðaɾd moˈðɛɾn]; Spanish: Instituto Valenciano de Arte Moderno; English: "Valencian Institute of Modern Art"), also known by the acronym IVAM, was the first center of modern art in Spain, opening in 1989 in the city of Valencia. The Institut Valencià d'Art Modern is an important center for modern and contemporary art in Spain and Europe. Nuria Enguita Mayo was the Director of the museum between September 2020 and February 2024. Blanca de la Torre is the new director starting April 2025.
Lost: The Journey
"Lost: The Journey" is a clip show narrated by Brian Cox during the first season of Lost. It originally aired on April 27, 2005, on ABC,  between the 20th and 21st episodes of the season. The special was repeated in the US on May 21, between the two-part episode, "Exodus", in build-up to the May 25 finale.  The special was narrated by Lost actors Evangeline Lilly and Dominic Monaghan in Australia.

The show was the first attempt to present in a linear fashion the struggles of the survivors of Oceanic Flight 815 before and after they became stranded on a mysterious island. ABC intended the special to "bring new viewers up to date -- but which current viewers will also find illuminating."

In anticipation, the TV critic for the St. Louis Post Dispatch noted that unlike usual clip shows, "the hour-long recap is, for once, not just a cheap way to stretch out a hit show. This time, it's a public service."

Clip show
A clip show is an episode of a television series that consists primarily of excerpts from previous episodes. Most clip shows include a frame story in which cast members recall events from past installments of the show, depicted with a clip of the event presented as a flashback.  Clip shows are also known as cheaters, particularly in the field of animation. Clip shows are often played before series finales as a way to summarize the entire series, or once syndication becomes highly likely as a way to increase the number of episodes that can be sold. Other times, however, clip shows are simply produced for budgetary reasons (e.g. to avoid additional costs from shooting in a certain setting, or from casting actors to appear in new material).
Stillwater Mill
The Stillwater Mill was a former textile factory located in Smithfield, Rhode Island.

In September 2009, Breakwater Preservation Conservancy was given a donation of some 26 acres of property in Smithfield which included the remaining buildings of the Stillwater Worsted Mills.  This was a very exciting acquisition for us as it is not only one of the most scenic locations in Rhode Island but it is also historically unique in that the whole concept of the mill community started on this very spot.  During our investigation of T. Levy in 1909 and that the social innovations started there were far ahead of their time, are the creation of the Levy family.  This and many other ideas originating at this mill can be argued to have been pivotal events leading towards success in both the first and second world war.

Woonasquatucket River
The Woonasquatucket River (pronounced /wuːˈnɑːskwəˌtʌkɪt/ woo-NAH-skwə-TUK-it, Algonquian for "where the salt water ends"), sometimes called "the Woony", is a river in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. It flows approximately 15.8 miles (25.4 km) and drains a watershed of 130 km2 (50 sq mi).

Together with the Blackstone River to the north, the Woonasquatucket was designated an American Heritage River in 1998.  Both rivers played active roles in the Industrial Revolution and the history of Rhode Island in the 19th century. Evidence of this industrial history remains in the fact that there are 18 dams along the river's length.
2026 Challenger de Tigre
The 2026 AAT Challenger Santander edición Tigre was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2026 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tigre, Argentina between 16 and 22 February 2026.

2026 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2026 is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2026 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprises 156 tournaments (as of 3 August 2026), with prize money ranging from $63,000 up to $300,000. It is the 49th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle, and 18th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Verticordia chrysostachys
Verticordia chrysostachys is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an open-branched shrub with egg-shaped to almost circular leaves, and spike-like groups of cream-coloured or deep yellow flowers.

Alex George (botanist)
Alexander Segger George AM (born 4 April 1939) is an Australian botanist. He is an authority on the plant genera Banksia and Dryandra. The "bizarre" Restionaceae genus Alexgeorgea was named in his honour in 1976.
Risto Radunović
Risto Radunović (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Ристо Радуновић, pronounced [rǐːsto radǔːnoʋitɕ]; born 4 May 1992) is a Montenegrin professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Liga I club FCSB and the Montenegro national team.

2018–19 Cupa României
The 2018–19 Cupa României was the 81st season of the annual Romanian primary football knockout tournament. As winners, Viitorul Constanța, qualified for the second qualifying round of the 2019–20 UEFA Europa League.

Times up to 27 October 2018 and from 31 March 2019 were EEST (UTC+3). Times from 28 October 2018 to 30 March 2019 were EET (UTC+2).
The 6ths
The 6ths was a band created by Stephin Merritt, also the primary songwriter and instrumentalist behind the Magnetic Fields, the Gothic Archies, and Future Bible Heroes. In the group, Merritt wrote and played songs which were then sung, in most cases, by other artists—a different artist on each track. It produced two well-received studio albums and many different collaborations.

The Gothic Archies
The Gothic Archies are an American indie rock/gothic rock band established by Stephin Merritt of The Magnetic Fields. In 1997, Merritt released The New Despair. The EP featured the song "Your Long White Fingers", which appeared frequently in the Nickelodeon series The Adventures of Pete & Pete.

The band later became more prominent when Merritt wrote, performed and recorded songs for the audiobook versions of Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events. A collection of thirteen songs based on each book and two additional tracks was released as The Tragic Treasury on October 10, 2006, to coincide with the release of the final book in the series. The Gothic Archies briefly toured to promote the album featuring Merritt on ukulele and Daniel Handler on accordion. In 2002, The Gothic Archies composed original music for the audiobook version of Neil Gaiman's Coraline.
David Wagner (soccer)
David Wagner (born 19 October 1971) is a professional football manager and former player who was most recently the manager of EFL Championship club Norwich City.

Wagner grew up in West Germany. He made his professional debut with Eintracht Frankfurt in 1990 and played as a striker for several clubs in the first and second division of German football. Son of an American stepfather and German mother, Wagner played for the United States national team, earning eight caps from 1996 until 1998.

From 2011 to 2015 Wagner managed Borussia Dortmund II. In November 2015 took the manager's position at Huddersfield Town, whom he led to the Premier League via the 2017 EFL Championship play-off final. He left Huddersfield in January 2019, and then had brief spells at Bundesliga club Schalke 04 and Swiss Super League club Young Boys.

1. FSV Mainz 05
1. Fußball- und Sport-Verein Mainz 05 e. V., usually shortened to 1. FSV Mainz 05 or simply Mainz 05 (German pronunciation: [ˌmaɪnts nʊl ˈfʏnf] ⓘ), is a German professional sports club, founded in 1905 and based in Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate. Mainz 05 play in the Bundesliga, the top tier of the German football league system, having most recently been promoted ahead of the 2009–10 season. The club's main local rivals are Eintracht Frankfurt and Kaiserslautern. In addition to the football division, Mainz 05 have handball and table tennis departments.
Bryncethin
Bryncethin (which means dark hill or dun hill) is a small village and electoral ward in the County Borough of Bridgend, South Wales, located just north of Junction 36 of the M4 Motorway and approximately 3 miles north of the county town of Bridgend. The population of the ward was 1,319 in 2011.

Bryncethin is surrounded by the villages of Aberkenfig, Sarn, Tondu, Ynysawdre, and Abergarw, Brynmenyn the last of which stands at the confluence of the River Garw (Afon Garw) with the larger River Ogmore (Ogmore River).

Ynysawdre
Ynysawdre is a small community in Bridgend County Borough, south Wales. It is located to the east of Aberkenfig in Wales, and comprises the two villages of Tondu and Brynmenyn. The name Ynysawdre is also usually used for a small section of Tondu. At the 2001 census, the population of the community was 3,698, reducing to 3,367 at the 2011 Census.
Krāslava Parish
Krāslava Parish is an administrative unit of Krāslava Municipality, Latvia. The administrative center is the village of Ezerkalns.

Located on the right bank of the Daugava River, it borders the town of Krāslava in its own region and the parishes of Ūdrīši, Kombuļi, Skaista, and Kalnieši, and along the Daugava River with Kaplava parish.

Ūdrīši Parish
Ūdrīši Parish (Latvian: Ūdrīšu pagasts, Latgalian: Iudreišu pogosts) is an administrative unit of Krāslava Municipality in the Latgale region of Latvia. It is located in the western part of the municipality and on the right bank of the Daugava River.
IEEE style
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) style is a widely accepted format for writing research papers, commonly used in technical fields, particularly in computer science. IEEE style is based on the Chicago Style.  In IEEE style, citations are numbered, but citation numbers are included in the text in square brackets rather than as superscripts.  All bibliographical information is exclusively included in the list of references at the end of the document, next to the respective citation number.

The Chicago Manual of Style
The Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) is a style guide for American English published since 1906 by the University of Chicago Press. Its 18 editions (the most recent in 2024) have prescribed writing and citation styles widely used in publishing.

The guide specifically focuses on American English and deals with aspects of editorial practice, including grammar and usage, as well as document preparation and formatting. It is available in print as a hardcover book, and by subscription as a searchable website. The online version provides some free resources, primarily aimed at teachers, students, and libraries.
Amberboa
Amberboa is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae, described as a genus in 1832.

Species in this genus are native to central and southwestern Asia.

Species

Amberboa amberboi (L.) Tzvelev - Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Armenia

Amberboa bucharica Iljin - Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Iran

Amberboa glauca (Puschk. ex Willd.) Muss.Puschk. ex Grossh. - Caucasus, Iran, Turkey

Amberboa moschata (L.) DC. - Caucasus, Turkey, Iran, Iraq

Amberboa nana (Boiss.) Iljin - Altai, Caucasus, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Kazakhstan

Amberboa odorata (Cass.) DC.

Amberboa ramosa (Roxb.) Jafri - India, Pakistan, Afghanistan

Amberboa sosnovskyi Iljin - Caucasus, Iran

Amberboa turanica Iljin - Russia, Caucasus, Iran, Central Asia, Xinjiang, Pakistan, Afghanistan

Amberboa moschata
Amberboa moschata (common name sweetsultan) is a Southwest Asian species of plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Armenia, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, and the Caucasus. It is also widely cultivated in many places as an ornamental, and is reportedly naturalized in parts of China and North America.

Amberboa moschata is a branching herb up to 50 cm tall. Flower heads are usually purple, showy, and sweet-scented.