hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Karvandarina
Karvandarina is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae, it contains two described species that are native to Iran and Pakistan.

As of May 2024, Plants of the World Online accepted two species:

Karvandarina aphylla Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand.

Karvandarina cartilaginea (Mozaff.) Parishani, Mirtadz. & Bordbar

Cardueae
The Cardueae are a tribe of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) and the subfamily Carduoideae.  Most of them are commonly known as thistles; four of the best known genera are Carduus, Cynara (containing the widely eaten artichoke), Cirsium, and Onopordum.

They are annual, biennial, or perennial herbs.  Many species are thorny on leaves, stems, or involucre, and some have laticifers or resin conduits. Almost 80 genera comprising 2500 species are assigned to this tribe, native of temperate regions of Europe and Asia (especially the Mediterranean region and Minor Asia), Australia and tropical Africa; only three genera contain species native to the Americas.
Slingsby Kirby Cadet
The Slingsby T.7 Kirby Cadet is a British training glider designed and built by Slingsby that first flew in 1935 and saw service with the Royal Air Force for use by the Air Training Corps as the Cadet TX.1 throughout the 1950, 1960s and 1970s.

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
Food Social Security
Food Social Security (from the French Sécurité sociale de l'alimentation) is a socio-economic initiative drawing on the French Social security system and aiming to extend it to the food system, thus advocating multiple rights linked to the right to food, farmers' rights, and environmental protection. Funded through social contributions, each person would receive a fixed sum (e.g., 150€ monthly) to be spent only with food producers and retailers who have been democratically contracted, ensuring they meet social and environmental criteria. Carried by various actors from the civil society, it is currently being experimented at local scale in various places in France, Belgium, Switzerland.

Environmental protection
Environmental protection, or environment protection, refers to the taking of measures to protecting the natural environment, prevent pollution and maintain ecological balance. Action may be taken by individuals, advocacy groups and governments. Objectives include the conservation of the existing natural environment and natural resources and, when possible, repair of damage and reversal of harmful trends.

Due to the pressures of overconsumption, population growth and technology, the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and governments have begun placing restraints on activities that cause environmental degradation. Since the 1960s, environmental movements have created more awareness of the multiple environmental problems. There is disagreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human activity, so protection measures are occasionally debated.
South Carolina Highway 336
South Carolina Highway 336 (SC 336) is a 13.590-mile (21.871 km) primary state highway in the U.S. state of South Carolina. It serves to connect Ridgeland with nearby U.S. Route 321 (US 321) and SC 462.

U.S. Route 321
U.S. Route 321 (US 321) is a spur of U.S. Route 21.  It runs for 516.9 miles (831.9 km) from Hardeeville, South Carolina to Lenoir City, Tennessee; with both serving as southern termini. It reaches its northernmost point at Elizabethton, Tennessee, just northeast of Johnson City. Because of its unusual "north–south–north" routing, U.S. Route 321 intersects both Interstate 40 and U.S. Route 70 three separate times. The highway serves different roles in each state:  An alternate route to interstates in South Carolina, a major highway in North Carolina, and a scenic route in Tennessee.
Miss World 2012
Miss World 2012 was the 62nd edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Dongsheng Fitness Center Stadium in Ordos City, China, on 18 August 2012.

Ivian Sarcos of Venezuela crowned Yu Wenxia of China as her successor at the end of the event. This is the second time China has won the title.

Miss World
Miss World is the oldest existing international beauty pageant. It was created in the United Kingdom by Eric Morley in 1951. Since his death in 2000, Morley's widow, Julia Morley, has chaired the pageant. Along with Miss Universe, Miss International, and Miss Earth, it is one of the Big Four beauty pageants.

The current Miss World is Suchata Chuangsri of Thailand who was crowned on 31 May 2025 in Hyderabad, India.
Calabozo Airport
Calabozo Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto de Calabozo) (IATA: CLZ, ICAO: SVCL) is an airport serving Calabozo, a town in Guárico state in Venezuela.

The Calabozo non-directional beacon (Ident: CZO) is located on the field.

Calabozo
Calabozo, officially Villa de Todos los Santos de Calabozo, is a city in Venezuela located in Guárico state, capital of the Francisco de Miranda Municipality and former capital of the state. It has a population of 168,605, according to the National Institute of Statistics (INE) in 2020. It is located in the center-west of Guárico state, and is one of the main rice producers in the country. In addition, it has the largest irrigation system in Venezuela.

Calabozo, is a mostly colonial city and is linked to its modern urban areas, being the largest colonial center in the country, and is located at 105 m a.s.l. n. m., at the margin of the Guárico River in the high central plain. Its location is on the banks of the Generoso Campilongo Dam, an important work both in its time and today, being the largest in Venezuela and one of the largest in Latin America. It is also the seat of the Roman Catholic archdiocese of Calabozo.
Greetham, Lincolnshire
Greetham (/ˈɡriːtəm/ GREET-əm) is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Greetham with Somersby, in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated 3 miles (5 km) east from Horncastle, and 0.5 miles (0.8 km) north from the junction of the A158 and B1195 roads. To the west is High Toynton, and further to the north, Fulletby. In 1961 the parish had a population of 85. On 1 April 1987 the parish was abolished and merged with Somersby to form "Greetham with Somersby".

Greetham is listed in the 1086 Domesday Book with 56 households, which for the time was considered quite large, 300 acres (1.2 km2) of meadow, a mill and a church, with Hugh d'Avranches, 1st Earl of Chester as Lord of the Manor.

The church, dedicated to All Saints, is part of the Horncastle Group of churches. It is Grade II listed, dates from the 12th century, and was partly rebuilt in 1903, although the south aisle and tower have been demolished.

A158 road
The A158 road is a major route that heads from Lincoln in the west to Skegness on the east coast. The road is located entirely in the county of Lincolnshire and is single carriageway for almost its entirety. The road is approximately 40 miles (64 km) long. The road gets quite congested with holiday traffic during the summer.
Supporting electrolyte
A supporting electrolyte, in electrochemistry, according to an IUPAC definition, is an electrolyte containing chemical species that are not electroactive (within the range of potentials used) and which has an ionic strength and conductivity much larger than those due to the electroactive species added to the electrolyte. Supporting electrolyte is also sometimes referred to as background electrolyte, inert electrolyte, or inactive electrolyte.

Supporting electrolytes are widely used in electrochemical measurements when control of electrode potentials is required. This is done to increase the conductivity of the solution (to practically eliminate the so-called IR drop, or ohmic potential drop from Ohm's law: V = IR), to eliminate the transport of electroactive species by ion migration in the electric field, to maintain constant ionic strength, to maintain constant pH, etc.

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
Wang Jie (composer)
Wang Jie (Chinese: 王婕; pinyin: Wáng Jié; born 1980) is a Chinese-born American composer.

Wang Jie was born and raised in Shanghai. She was a known piano prodigy at age five. A scholarship from the Manhattan School of Music brought her to the US in 2000, where she studied composition with Nils Vigeland and Richard Danielpour. Her work has been performed across the United States, Asia, and Europe. She has received honors and awards from ASCAP, the BMI Foundation, the American Music Center, Opera America, and the Manhattan School of Music, among others.

Manhattan School of Music
The Manhattan School of Music (MSM) is a private music conservatory in New York City. The school offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees in the areas of classical performance, jazz performance, contemporary performance, composition, and conducting, as well as a bachelor's in musical theatre.

Founded in 1917, the school is located on Claremont Avenue in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of New York City, adjacent to Broadway and West 122nd Street (Seminary Row). The MSM campus was originally the home to The Institute of Musical Art (which later became Juilliard) until Juilliard moved to the Lincoln Center area of Midtown Manhattan. The property was originally owned by the Bloomingdale Insane Asylum until The Institute of Musical Art purchased it in 1910. Many of the students live in the school's residence hall, Andersen Hall. The school is located close to Columbia University.
History of local government in Scotland
The history of local government in Scotland is a complex tale of largely ancient and long established Scottish political units being replaced after the mid 20th century by a frequently changing series of different local government arrangements.

Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929
The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929 (19 & 20 Geo. 5. c. 25) reorganised local government in Scotland from 1930, introducing joint county councils, large and small burghs and district councils. The Act also abolished the Scottish poor law system with institutions passing to the local authorities.

The Act was drafted by Walter Elliot, the Unionist (Conservative) politician who became later (1936) Secretary of State for Scotland.
2016 Saint Francis Red Flash football team
The 2016 Saint Francis Red Flash football team represented Saint Francis University in the 2016 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by seventh-year head coach Chris Villarrial and played their home games at DeGol Field. They were a member of the Northeast Conference. They finished the season 7–5, 5–1 in NEC play to finish in a tie for the conference title with Duquesne. Due to their head-to-head win over Duquesne, they received the NEC's automatic bid to the FCS Playoffs where they lost in the first round to Villanova.

2016 NCAA Division I FCS football season
The 2016 NCAA Division I FCS football season, part of college football in the United States, was organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) level. The NCAA Division I Football Championship Game was played on January 7, 2017, in Frisco, Texas. The James Madison Dukes defeated the Youngstown State Penguins, 28–14, to capture their second national championship in team history.
Robbie Baldwin
Robert "Robbie" Baldwin is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by artist Steve Ditko and writer Tom DeFalco, the character first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man Annual #22 (January 1988) originally known as Speedball, as well as in Civil War: Front Line #10 (January 2007) as Penance.

The character's origin and early exploits as Speedball were depicted soon after in a solo series. After that series was cancelled, he appeared as a member of the superhero team the New Warriors, in the monthly title of the same name. In the Marvel Comics crossover Civil War, the character changes his name and appearance to Penance. Following this change, he is a member of the Thunderbolts. As of the first issue of Avengers Academy, he has reverted to Speedball and a modified version of his original costume.

Features of the Marvel Universe
The comic book stories published by Marvel Comics since the 1940s have featured several noteworthy concepts besides its fictional characters, such as unique places and artifacts. There follows a list of those features.
Buschow station
Buschow (German: Bahnhof Buschow) is a railway station in the town of Märkisch Luch, Brandenburg, Germany. The station lies south of the Berlin–Lehrte railway and the train services are operated by Ostdeutsche Eisenbahn (ODEG).

The station is served by the following service:

Regional services RE 4 (Stendal –) Rathenow – Buschow – Wustermark – Berlin – Ludwigsfelde – Jüterbog (– Falkenberg (Elster))

Ludwigsfelde station
Ludwigsfelde station is located in the town of Ludwigsfelde on the Anhalt Railway south of Berlin and is one of the oldest railway stations in the German state Brandenburg. The station building, which was built around 1880, is a listed building and is the second oldest building in the town. It now houses a museum. Several houses in the railway station area are also listed buildings.
Show Me the Way to Calvary
Show Me the Way to Calvary is a studio album by American recording artist Wanda Jackson. It was released in 1981 via Christian World Incorporated and contained a total of ten tracks. It was the twenty seventh studio album released in Jackson's music career and her first to be released with the Christian World label. It would later be re-released in the United Kingdom.

Word Records
Word Records is a Christian faith-based entertainment company based in Nashville, Tennessee. It is owned by Curb Records, and is a part of Word Entertainment. It is distributed by Warner Records (the former Warner Bros. Records).
Coorparoo State School
Coorparoo State School is a heritage-listed state school at 327 Old Cleveland Road, Coorparoo, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by the Department of Public Works (Queensland) and built in 1907. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 22 June 2017.

Department of Education (Queensland)
The Department of Education is a ministerial department of the Queensland Government responsible for the administration and quality of education in Queensland, Australia. The department is composed of two separate portfolios, Education Queensland and Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). The department also encompasses the Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority, a separate statutory authority responsible for creating syllabuses, curriculums, and assessment.
Scott Moore (television executive)
Scott Moore is a Canadian television executive. He is the former director of CBC Sports and head of production for Rogers Communications' Sportsnet and NHL properties. He was appointed director of CBC Sports on March 1, 2007, succeeding Nancy Lee. On November 9, 2010, Moore left CBC and on the following day he was named president of Sportsnet for Rogers Media. He retired from Rogers at the end of Oct. 2018.

Moore is a graduate of Ryerson Polytechnical Institute's  Radio and Television Arts program (1984) in Toronto. He started his broadcasting career with TSN and CTV, and was also with Rogers Sportsnet from 1997 to 2003.

Nancy Lee (producer)
Nancy Lee is a Canadian broadcast sports journalist and producer. Formerly associated with CBC Sports, where she was appointed executive director in 2000, she resigned in 2006 to become the director of broadcast services for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.

Lee first joined the CBC in 1987, becoming the first woman to work as a full-time national sports reporter on CBC Radio. She later became a producer of The Inside Track, and was head of the radio network's sports division from 1994 to 1996. She then became deputy head of CBC Television sports from 1996 to 2000.

In 2002, Lee became the first woman to lead a North American broadcast network's negotiating team for the acquisition of a top sports property, when the network renegotiated its contract with the National Hockey League.
Prazitone
Prazitone (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name, BANTooltip British Approved Name; developmental code name AGN-511) is a barbiturate derivative described as an antidepressant which was developed in the 1960s. Unlike most barbiturates, it has little or no sedative effects, instead acting as a non-sedating anxiolytic and antidepressant. The dosage range in humans is around 200–600 mg, although higher doses have been used in trials for the treatment of depression associated with Parkinson's disease.

Anxiolytic
An anxiolytic (/ˌæŋksiəˈlɪtɪk, ˌæŋksioʊ-/; also antipanic or anti-anxiety agent) is a medication or other intervention that reduces anxiety. This effect is in contrast to anxiogenic agents which increase anxiety. Anxiolytic medications are used for the treatment of anxiety disorders and their related psychological and physical symptoms.
CN Barcelona
Club Natació Barcelona is a Spanish multi-sports club from Barcelona established in 1907. It is active in athletics, diving, karate, petanca, pilota, rugby, sailing, swimming, water polo, and triathlon.

Barcelona is the most successful club in Spanish water polo history with overall 59 national titles (40 Spanish Championships and 19 Spanish Leagues). The club has also won European Cup in 1982 and the LEN Trophy in 1995 and 2004.

División de Honor de Waterpolo
The Spanish water polo championship has been contested since 1912. The current league format was introduced in 1965. The top division is currently known as the División de Honor and consists of twelve clubs. The current champions (2024–25 season) are CN Atlètic-Barceloneta from Barcelona.
Torrington, New South Wales
Torrington (formerly Torington) is a small village in northern New South Wales in Tenterfield Shire. It is 29 kilometres north west of Deepwater and south west of Tenterfield and 61 kilometres from Glen Innes (South-East). It is situated on a plateau known as the Mole Tableland in close proximity to the Queensland border on the Northern Tablelands. A feature of Torrington is its abundance of boulders and rocky outcrops. The most notable boulder outcrop located in the village being "Goat Rock" and just out of town is "Old Mystery Face"

Tenterfield, New South Wales
Tenterfield is a regional town in New South Wales, Australia, situated at the junction of the New England and Bruxner highways, along the Northern Tablelands, within the New England region.  At the 2016 census, Tenterfield had a population of 4,066. Tenterfield's proximity to many regional centres and its position on the route between Sydney and Brisbane led to its development as a centre for the promotion of the federation of Australia.
San Juan Province (Dominican Republic)
San Juan (Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ ˈxwan]) is a province of the Dominican Republic. Before 1961 it was known as Benefactor. San Juan is the Republic's largest province, bearing a size of 3,569 square kilometers (1,378 miles), and it is landlocked.

Provinces of the Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic is divided into 31 provinces (provincias), while the national capital, Santo Domingo, is contained within its own district.

The division of the country into provinces is laid down in the constitution (Title I, Section II, Article 5) and enacted by law. The latter is currently Law 5220 on the Territorial Division of the Dominican Republic (Ley No. 5220 sobre División Territorial de la República Dominicana), issued 1959 and frequently amended to create new provinces and lower-level administrative units.
Ctenorhabdotus
Ctenorhabdotus capulus is an extinct species of ctenophore (or comb jelly), known from the Burgess Shale in British Columbia, Canada. It is approximately 515 to 505 million years old and was equipped with 24 comb rows, three times as many as known  from modern ctenophores. 5 specimens of Ctenorhabdotus are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise < 0.1% of the community.

Burgess Shale
The Burgess Shale is a fossil-bearing deposit exposed in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. It is famous for the exceptional preservation of the soft parts of its fossils. At 508 million years old (middle Cambrian), it is one of the earliest fossil beds containing soft-part imprints.

The rock unit is a black shale and crops out at several localities near the town of Field in Yoho National Park and the Kicking Horse Pass. Another outcrop is in Kootenay National Park 42 km to the south.
Moralistic fallacy
The moralistic fallacy is the informal fallacy of assuming that an aspect of nature which has socially unpleasant consequences cannot exist. Its typical form is "if X were true, then Z would happen! Thus, X is false", where Z is a morally, socially or politically undesirable thing. What should be moral is assumed a priori to also be naturally occurring. The moralistic fallacy is sometimes presented as the inverse of the naturalistic fallacy. However, it could be seen as a variation of the very same naturalistic fallacy; the difference between them could be considered pragmatical, depending on the intentions of the person who uses it: naturalistic fallacy if the user wants to justify existing social practices with the argument that they are natural; moralistic fallacy if the user wants to combat existing social practices with the argument of denying that they are natural.

Basic research
Basic research, also called pure research, fundamental research, basic science, or pure science, is a type of scientific research with the aim of improving scientific theories for better understanding and prediction of natural or other phenomena.  In contrast, applied research uses scientific theories to develop technology or techniques, which can be used to intervene and alter natural or other phenomena. Though often driven simply by curiosity, basic research often fuels the technological innovations of applied science. The two aims are often practiced simultaneously in coordinated research and development.

In addition to innovations, basic research serves to provide insights and public support of nature, possibly improving conservation efforts. Technological innovations may influence engineering concepts, such as the beak of a kingfisher influencing the design of a high-speed bullet train.
Debreceni VSC (women's handball)
Debreceni Vasutas Sport Club, commonly abbreviated DVSC, is a Hungarian professional women's handball club from Debrecen, that plays in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I.

Since August 2018 they are sponsored by Schaeffler Group, so the official name for the team is DVSC Schaeffler.

Debreceni VSC
Debreceni Vasutas Sport Club is a Hungarian professional football club based in Debrecen that competes in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I, the first tier of Hungarian football. They are best known internationally for reaching the group stages of the UEFA Champions League in the 2009–10 season. Debrecen have become the second most successful club in Hungary since 2000, winning the Hungarian League seven times.