hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
34th United States Congress
The 34th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1855, to March 4, 1857, during the last two years of Franklin Pierce's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1850 United States census. The Whig Party, one of the two major parties of the era, had largely collapsed, although many former Whigs ran as Republicans or as members of the "Opposition Party."  The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House was controlled by a coalition of Representatives led by Nathaniel P. Banks, a member of the American Party.

United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
The United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation is a standing committee of the United States Senate. Besides having broad jurisdiction over all matters concerning interstate commerce, science and technology policy, and transportation, the Senate Commerce Committee is one of the largest of the Senate's standing committees, with 28 members in the 117th Congress. The Commerce Committee has six subcommittees. It is chaired by Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX) with Sen. Maria Cantwell (D-WA) as ranking member. The majority office is housed in the Dirksen Senate Office Building, and the minority office is located in the Hart Senate Office Building.
Croke Street, Fremantle
Croke Street is a  street in Fremantle, Western Australia. The 250 m (820 ft) street runs parallel to High Street and is part of the Fremantle West End Heritage area, which was established in late 2016.

Croke Street was previously known as Dalgety Street, as the Dalgety & Co warehouse was located there, but was renamed in 1873 to avoid confusion with Dalgety Street in East Fremantle (named after William Dalgety Moore, the owner of Woodside estate). Croke Streer is named after Lieutenant James Nias Croke, who served as Fremantle's fourth harbourmaster between 1868 and 1874.

High Street, Fremantle
High Street is the main street running through the City of Fremantle, Western Australia. The street passes by historic landmarks, including the Round House, the Fremantle Town Hall, and the Fremantle War Memorial, through the Fremantle West End Heritage area and through two town squares. Trams operated along High Street for 47 years, between 1905 and 1952. Running east–west, High Street continues as Leach Highway, a major arterial road, at 
Stirling Highway, linking Fremantle with Perth Airport although the stretch of road between Stirling Highway and Carrington Street is known locally—and signed—as High Street.
2010–11 All-Ireland Intermediate Club Hurling Championship
The 2010–11 All-Ireland Intermediate Club Hurling Championship was the seventh staging of the All-Ireland Intermediate Club Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 2004. The championship ran from 3 October 2010 to 13 February 2011.

The All-Ireland final was played on 13 February 2011 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Ballymartle from Cork and Dicksboro from Kilkenny. Ballymartle won the match by 3–15 to 1–20 to claim their first ever All-Ireland title.

Dicksboro's Martin Gaffney was the championship's top scorer with 1–30.

All-Ireland Intermediate Club Hurling Championship
The GAA Hurling All-Ireland Intermediate Club Championship (also known as the All-Ireland Intermediate Club Hurling Championship) is an annual Irish hurling competition organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA). It is the intermediate-grade All-Ireland championship for clubs, and has been contested every year since the 2004–05 championship.

The All-Ireland series is contested by the four provincial champions from the Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster intermediate club championships. The competition is played on a straight knockout basis.

The most successful county is Kilkenny, with eight titles, while no club has won the championship more than once.
David Lehman
David Lehman (born June 11, 1948) is an American poet, non-fiction writer, literary critic, and the founder and series editor for The Best American Poetry. He was a writer and freelance journalist for fifteen years, writing for such publications as Newsweek, The Wall Street Journal, and The New York Times. In 2006, Lehman served as Editor for the new Oxford Book of American Poetry. He taught and was the Poetry Coordinator at The New School in New York City until May 2018.

A. R. Ammons
Archibald Randolph Ammons (February 18, 1926 – February 25, 2001) was an American poet and professor of English at Cornell University. Ammons published nearly thirty collections of poems in his lifetime. Revered for his impact on American romantic poetry, Ammons received several major awards for his work, including two National Book Awards for Poetry, one in 1973 for Collected Poems and another in 1993 for Garbage.
Virtuoso Universal Server
Virtuoso Universal Server is a middleware and database engine hybrid that combines the functionality of a traditional relational database management system (RDBMS), object–relational database (ORDBMS), virtual database, RDF, XML, free-text, web application server and file server functionality in a single system. Rather than have dedicated servers for each of the aforementioned functionality realms, Virtuoso is a "universal server"; it enables a single multithreaded server process that implements multiple protocols. The free and open source edition of Virtuoso Universal Server is also known as OpenLink Virtuoso. The software has been developed by OpenLink Software with Kingsley Uyi Idehen and Orri Erling as the chief software architects.

Database engine
A database engine (or storage engine) is the underlying software component that a database management system (DBMS) uses to create, read, update and delete (CRUD) data from a database. Most database management systems include their own application programming interface (API) that allows the user to interact with their underlying engine without going through the user interface of the DBMS.

The term "database engine" is frequently used interchangeably with "database server" or "database management system". A "database instance" refers to the processes and memory structures of the running database engine.
Sturgis Journal
The Sturgis Journal is a daily newspaper published in Sturgis, Michigan, United States. It is owned by USA Today Co. Previous owner GateHouse Media acquired the paper from Independent Media Group in 2000.

The Journal covers Sturgis and other St. Joseph County communities such as Burr Oak, Centreville, Colon, Constantine, Mendon, Three Rivers and White Pigeon.

The newspaper bills itself as the oldest business in the city of Sturgis. It began as a weekly newspaper, The Sturgis Journal, on July 4, 1859, later known as the Sturgis Journal-Times. It switched to daily publication under the name Sturgis Daily Journal in 1916. The words "the" and "daily" were dropped in 1946.

St. Joseph County, Michigan
Saint Joseph County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan, on the central southern border with Indiana. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 60,939. The county seat is Centreville.

French colonists in the late 17th century were the first Europeans to explore this territory, and they named the St. Joseph River for the patron saint of New France. This area was not part of the United States until after the American Revolutionary War. After the 1821 Treaty of Chicago was signed, regional tribes of the indigenous peoples ceded much land to the United States, opening the area for American settlement. The county was set off and organized by the Michigan Territory legislature in 1829; it was named for the river.

The area is home to the oldest and largest Amish community in Michigan.

St. Joseph County comprises the Sturgis, MI Micropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek-Portage, MI Combined Statistical Area.
Grant Langston (musician)
Grant Langston (born July 19, 1966 in Gadsden, Alabama) is an American country singer-songwriter.

Langston's music has been featured in a variety of TV shows and films including: HBO's True Blood, ABC TV's Army Wives, the Mike Figgis film Suspension of Disbelief, and others. He has opened dates for Dale Watson, Band of Heathens, Ben Harper, Drivin' and Cryin', Wayne Hancock and Otis Taylor.

Langston currently resides in Los Angeles.

Langston was also an early employee and shareholder in the online dating service, eHarmony.com.

Ben Harper
Benjamin Charles Harper (born October 28, 1969) is an American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. Harper plays an eclectic mix of blues, folk, soul, reggae, and rock music, and he is known for his guitar-playing skills, vocals, live performances, and activism. He has released twelve studio albums, mostly through Virgin Records, and has toured internationally.

Harper is a three-time Grammy Award winner and seven-time nominee, with awards for Best Pop Instrumental Performance and Best Traditional Soul Gospel Album in 2004 and Best Blues Album in 2013.

At the 40th Blues Music Awards ceremony, Harper's joint composition with Charlie Musselwhite, "No Mercy in This Land", was named Song of the Year.
Hannya-ji
Hannya-ji (般若寺) is a Buddhist temple of the Shingon Ritsu sect in Nara, Japan. Its foundation is variously dated, but mention in a document in the Shōsōin provides a terminus ante quem of the mid-eighth century.

Important Cultural Property (Japan)
An Important Cultural Property (重要文化財, jūyō bunkazai) is an item officially classified as Tangible Cultural Property by the Japanese government's Agency for Cultural Affairs (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) and judged to be of particular importance to the history, arts, and culture of the Japanese people.
Perennial candidate
A perennial candidate is a term for a political candidate who frequently runs for elected office and rarely, if ever, wins. Perennial candidates are most common where there is no limit on the number of times that a person can run for office and little cost to register as a candidate.

2003 Hamilton, Ontario, municipal election
The 2003 Hamilton municipal election was held on November 10, 2003, to elect municipal officials in Hamilton, Ontario. On election day, Hamiltonians elected a mayor, 15 city councillors, and trustees for the Hamilton-Wentworth District School Board, Hamilton-Wentworth Catholic District School Board, Conseil scolaire Viamonde, and Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir.
BAL Defensive Player of the Year
The Basketball Africa League Dikembe Mutombo Defensive Player of the Year is an annual Basketball Africa League (BAL) award given to the best defensive player of a given season. The award is named after Congolese basketball legend Dikembe Mutombo. The award was first handed out in the inaugural season to Anas Osama Mahmoud.

Players of the four teams that qualified for the semifinals can be selected. The selection committee exists of a number of BAL experts, including the head coaches of all teams.

Aliou Diarra holds the record for most awards won, as he received the honour two times. Jo Lual-Acuil, winner of the award in 2024, is the only player to win both the Defensive Player of the Year and the Most Valuable Player in the same season.

BAL Most Valuable Player
The Basketball Africa League Hakeem Olajuwon Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) is an annual Basketball Africa League (BAL) award given to the best player of a given season. The award is named after all-time great Hakeem Olajuwon. The award was first handed out in the inaugural season to Walter Hodge.

From the 2024 season, fan voting was introduced in the process with 25% of the score being determined by online fan votes. Fans could vote on a selected pool of players.

Five different players have won the award thus far.
Roseville Diamonds
The Roseville Diamonds were a short lived minor league baseball team based in Roseville, California, For a portion of the 1948 season, the Diamonds played the ending portion of the season as members of the Class D level Far West League, after the Pittsburg Diamonds relocated to Roseville on July 30, 1948. Roseville hosted home minor league games at Maidu Park. The Diamonds were a minor league affiliate of the New York Giants and the team finished in last place during its only season of play. Roseville hosted home minor league games at Maidu Park.

Roseville, California
Roseville is the most populous city in Placer County, California, located within the Sacramento metropolitan area. At the 2020 census, the city's population was 147,773, making it the third-largest city in the Sacramento area. Interstate 80 runs through Roseville and State Route 65 runs through part of the northern edge of the city.

Historically associated with the railroad, the city underwent significant urban renewal in the 1980s and 1990s. Today it has become a major commercial hub, attracting regular shoppers and visitors from a large swath of rural southeastern Sacramento Valley and the Sierra Nevada foothills. In recent years, it has seen significant population growth and new single-family home developments, becoming a "boomburb" or edge city of Sacramento.
Bennett Douglas Bell
Bennett Douglas Bell (July 4, 1852 – August 12, 1934) was a justice of the Tennessee Supreme Court from 1908 to 1910.

Born in Sumner County, Tennessee, Bell "received his B.A. and LL.B. degrees from Emory and Henry College in Virginia and Cumberland University and for many years was a prominent member of the Tennessee Bar serving as Attorney General [of Tennessee] and on the bench of the Supreme Court". Bell was a circuit judge on the Tennessee Tenth Circuit court from 1902 to 1908. On February 7, 1908, Bell was appointed to a seat on the Tennessee Supreme Court vacated by the death of Justice John S. Wilkes. Bell was elected in August 1908 for the remainder of the term, but was defeated for reelection in a 1910 election that broadly reconstituted the court.

Bell died at his home in Gallatin, Tennessee, at the age of 82.

Tennessee Attorney General
The Tennessee attorney general (officially, attorney general and reporter) is the chief law enforcement officer and lawyer for the U.S. state of Tennessee. The office of the attorney general is located at the state capitol in Nashville, Tennessee. The current office holder is Jonathan Skrmetti, who was appointed in 2022 by the Tennessee Supreme Court for an eight-year term. His service officially began when he was sworn in by the current governor of Tennessee, Bill Lee, on September 1, 2022.
Why is there anything at all?
"Why is there anything at all?" or "Why is there something rather than nothing?" is a question about the reason for basic existence which has been raised or commented on by a range of philosophers and physicists, including Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and Martin Heidegger, who called it "the fundamental question of metaphysics".

Principle of sufficient reason
The principle of sufficient reason  or PSR is often formulated as the claim that every contingent fact has a sufficient reason. It is sometimes interpreted as the stronger claim, that everything has a cause, for example within a deterministic system of universal causation. Necessary truths are generally regarded as not requiring a cause, since causation presupposes contingency, though they may still be said to have a sufficient reason or explanation in virtue of their necessity. Confusion may arise when using the words "reason" and "cause" interchangeably.

A sufficient reason is sometimes described as the coincidence of every single thing that is needed for the occurrence of an effect. The principle is relevant to Munchausen's trilemma, as it seems to suppose an infinite regress, rather than a foundational brute fact. The principle was articulated and made prominent by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Arthur Schopenhauer wrote On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason.
14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
The 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka, known officially as the 7th Parliament of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, was a meeting of the Parliament of Sri Lanka, with the membership determined by the results of the 2010 parliamentary election held on 8 and 20 April 2010. The parliament met for the first time on 22 April 2010 and was dissolved on 26 June 2015.

President of Sri Lanka
The president of Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා ජනාධිපති Śrī Laṅkā Janādhipati; Tamil: இலங்கை ஜனாதிபதி Ilaṇkai janātipati) is the head of state and head of government of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. The president is the chief executive of the union government and the commander-in-chief of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces. The powers, functions and duties of prior presidential offices, in addition to their relation with the Prime minister and Government of Sri Lanka, have over time differed with the various constitutional documents since the creation of the office. The president appoints the Prime Minister of Sri Lanka who can command the confidence of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.

Anura Kumara Dissanayake is the 10th and current president, having assumed office on 23 September 2024, after being declared the winner of the 2024 presidential election.
DDX27
DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 27, also known as DDX27, is a human gene.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), and are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division. This gene encodes a DEAD box protein, the function of which has not been determined.

Spliceosome
A spliceosome is a large ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex found primarily within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. The spliceosome is assembled from small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) and numerous proteins. Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) molecules bind to specific proteins to form a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex (snRNP, pronounced "snurps"), which in turn combines with other snRNPs to form a large ribonucleoprotein complex called a spliceosome. The spliceosome removes introns from a transcribed pre-mRNA, a type of primary transcript.  This process is generally referred to as splicing.  An analogy is a film editor, who selectively cuts out irrelevant or incorrect material (equivalent to the introns) from the initial film and sends the cleaned-up version to the director for the final cut.

However, sometimes the RNA within the intron acts as a ribozyme, splicing itself without the use of a spliceosome or protein enzymes.
Hyperdispensationalism
Hyperdispensationalism, also referred to as Mid-Acts Dispensationalism, is a Protestant conservative evangelical movement that values biblical inerrancy and a literal hermeneutic.  It holds that there was a Church during the period of the Acts that is not the Church today, and that today's Church began when the book of Acts was closed.

Some advocates of hyperdispensationalism refer to themselves as members of the Grace Movement and they reject the prefix "hyper" as pejorative or misinforming. Many affiliate with the Grace Gospel Fellowship, a church association, and its Grace Christian University or the more conservative Berean Bible Society.

Opponents of hyperdispensationalism are classic dispensationalists such as Scofield and Chafer, revised dispensationalists like John Walvoord and Charles Ryrie, ultradispensationalists, and progressive dispensationalists.

John Walvoord
John Flipse Walvoord (May 1, 1910 – December 20, 2002) was a Christian theologian, pastor, and president of Dallas Theological Seminary from 1952 to 1986. He authored over 30 books, focusing primarily on eschatology and theology, including The Rapture Question, and was co-editor of The Bible Knowledge Commentary with Roy B. Zuck. He earned the degrees of Bachelor of Arts and Doctor of Divinity from Wheaton College, a Master of Arts degree from Texas Christian University in philosophy, a Bachelor of Theology, Master of Theology, and Doctor of Theology in systematic theology from Dallas Theological Seminary, and a Litt.D. from Liberty Baptist Seminary.
Sierra Buttes
Sierra Buttes is an 8,591-foot-elevation (2,619-meter) mountain summit located in the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Sierra County, California, United States. It is the third-highest point in Sierra County following the north ridge of Mount Lola and Peak 8740. Sierra Buttes are set on land managed by Tahoe National Forest and are within the North Yuba River watershed. The summit is situated two miles (3.2 km) north of Sierra City, and approximately 70 miles (110 km) northeast of Sacramento. Topographic relief is significant as the southwest aspect rises nearly 4,700 feet (1,400 meters) above the Yuba–Donner Scenic Byway in approximately two miles. The prominent fortress-like landform is visible from as far as the Sacramento Valley, and inclusion on the Sierra Peaks Section peakbagging list generates climbing interest. This landform's toponym has been officially adopted by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names, and has been in use since at least 1896 when published by the Sierra Club.

Yuba–Donner Scenic Byway
The Yuba–Donner Scenic Byway is an 175-mile (282 km) National Forest Scenic Byway through the Tahoe National Forest in the U.S. state of California. It consists of the following routes:

Interstate 80 from Emigrant Gap to Truckee

California State Route 89 from Truckee to Sierraville

California State Route 49 from Sierraville to Nevada City

California State Route 20 from Nevada City to Emigrant Gap
The Floure and the Leafe
The Floure and the Leafe is an anonymous Middle English allegorical poem in 595 lines of rhyme royal, written around 1470.  During the 17th, 18th, and most of the 19th century it was mistakenly believed to be the work of Geoffrey Chaucer, and was generally considered to be one of his finest poems.  The name of the author is not known but the poem presents itself as the work of a woman, and some critics are inclined to take this at face value.  The poet was certainly well-read, there being a number of echoes of earlier writers in the poem, including Geoffrey Chaucer, John Lydgate, John Gower, Andreas Capellanus, Guillaume de Lorris, Guillaume de Machaut, Jean Froissart, Eustache Deschamps, Christine de Pizan, and the authors of the "Lai du Trot" and the Kingis Quair.

The Kingis Quair
The Kingis Quair ("The King's Book") is a fifteenth-century Early Scots poem attributed to James I of Scotland.  It is semi-autobiographical in nature, describing the King's capture by the English in 1406 on his way to France and his subsequent imprisonment by Henry IV of England and his successors, Henry V and Henry VI.