hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mango mealybug
The mango mealybug (Drosicha mangiferae) is a pest of mango crops in Asia. The nymphs and females suck plant sap from inflorescences, tender leaves, shoots and fruit peduncles. As a result, the infested inflorescences dry up, affects the fruit set, causing fruit drop. These bugs also exude honey dew over the mango tree leaves, on which sooty mold fungus develops reducing the photosynthetic efficiency of the tree. It is a polyphagous pest and is found on over 60 other plant species. Despite its name, it is not a true mealybug (family Pseudococcidae) but rather a member of the Monophlebidae.

Monophlebidae
Monophlebidae is a family of scale insects commonly known as the giant scales or monophlebids. They occur in most parts of the world but more genera are found in the tropics than elsewhere.

The cottony cushion scale, Icerya purchasi, is a serious commercial pest on many families of woody plants, including Citrus. It has spread worldwide from Australia.
Avery Plateau
Avery Plateau (66°50′S 65°30′W﻿ / ﻿66.833°S 65.500°W﻿ / -66.833; -65.500) is an ice-covered plateau, about 40 miles (64 km) long and rising to about 2,000 metres (6,600 ft), midway between Loubet Coast and Foyn Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica. It borders the Hemimont Plateau on the south and the Bruce Plateau on the north. The first sighting of this plateau is still being determined. Still, it was presumably seen in January and February 1909 by members of the French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot from various positions in the Matha Strait. It was surveyed in 1946–47 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee (1955) after Captain George Avery, master of the cutter Lively, who, with Captain John Biscoe in the brig Tula, approached this part of the Antarctic Peninsula in February 1832.

Loubet Coast
Loubet Coast is the portion of the west coast of Graham Land in Antarctic Peninsula, extending 158 km between Cape Bellue to the northeast and Bourgeois Fjord to the southwest. South of Loubet Coast is Fallières Coast, north is Graham Coast.

The coast is named after Émile Loubet, President of France during the exploration of the area by the French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot in January 1905.
Stein Rokkan Memorial Lecture
The Stein Rokkan Memorial Lecture is an annual lecture which is arranged by the Department of Comparative Politics (Norwegian: Institutt  for sammenliknende politikk) at the University of Bergen, Norway. Since 2002, the organising of the lecture has been in cooperation with the UNI Rokkan Centre. The purpose of the lecture is to draw attention to some of the most outstanding exponents of Stein Rokkan’s fields of research; first and foremost political science, sociology and comparative politics.

Comparative politics
Comparative politics is a field in political science characterized either by the use of the comparative method or other empirical methods to explore politics both within and between countries. Substantively, this can include questions relating to political institutions, political behavior, conflict, and the causes and consequences of economic development. When applied to specific fields of study, comparative politics may be referred to by other names, such as comparative government (the comparative study of forms of government).
Twin Holy Birthdays
The Festivals of the Twin Birthdays or the Twin Holy Birthdays refers to two successive holy days in the Baháʼí calendar that celebrate the births of two central figures of the Baháʼí Faith. The two holy days are the birth of the Báb on the first day of Muharram in the Islamic calendar (20 October 1819) and the birth of Baháʼu'lláh on the second day of Muharram (two years prior, on 12 November 1817).

Baháʼí calendar
The Baháʼí calendar used in the Baháʼí Faith is a solar calendar consisting of nineteen months and four or five intercalary days, with new year at the moment of Northern spring equinox. Each month is named after a virtue (e.g., Perfection, Mercy), as are the days of the week. The first year is dated from 1844 CE, the year in which the Báb began teaching.

Years on the calendar are annotated with the date notation of BE (Baháʼí Era). The Baháʼí year 183 BE will start on 21 March 2026.
Michelle Rau
Michelle Rau is an American cartoonist, writer, and artist known for publishing her cartoon zine, Lana's World. She was an active contributor in the alternative publishing, queer zine, and comics landscape of the 1980s and 1990s.

Factsheet Five
Factsheet Five was a periodical mostly consisting of short reviews of "zines", privately produced printed matter along with contact details of the editors and publishers.

In the 1980s and early 1990s, its comprehensive reviews (thousands in each issue) made it the most important publication in its field, increasing distribution channels for self-publishers and heralding the wider spread of what would eventually be called fanzine or zine culture. A number of underground artists and writers read or submitted their work to Factsheet Five, including John Porcellino, Julie Doucet, and Jonathan Lethem.

Before the widespread adoption of the web and e-mail beginning around 1994, publications such as Factsheet Five formed a vital directory for connecting like-minded people. It was the literary equivalent to such phenomena as International Sound Communication in the period of cassette culture.
Törngrens krukmakeri
Törngrens krukmakeri is a pottery in Falkenberg, Sweden, in a backyard of Krukmakaregatan, close to the river Ätran. It was founded in 1789 and claims to be one of the oldest, still manufacturing, potteries in Europe. The pottery is still in the ownership of the same family, now in its seventh generation.

Since 2014 there is no continuous production, as the last potter, Bengt Törngren, retired

A little display in the old shop shows some exhibits from the history of the company, free of charge.

Falkenberg
Falkenberg is a locality and the seat of Falkenberg Municipality, Halland County, Sweden, with 27,813 inhabitants in 2019 (out of a municipal total of about 45,000). It is located at the mouth of river Ätran. The name consists of the Swedish words for falcon (falk) and mountain (berg). Falkenberg is a popular tourist destination in the summers, and the main beach of the town is Skrea strand.
Octasulfur monoxide
Octasulfur monoxide is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula S8O, discovered in 1972. It is a type of sulfur oxide.

A crystalline compound composed of cyclooctasulfur monoxide and antimony pentachloride in equimolar quantities can be made (S8O·SbCl5).

Sulfur oxide
Sulfur oxides (SOx) are a group of chemical compounds composed of sulfur and oxygen. The most common sulfur oxides are sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfur trioxide (SO3). Sulfur oxides are produced naturally through volcanic activity and are also released into the atmosphere from human activities like burning fossil fuels and industrial processes.

Lower sulfur oxides (SnO, S7O2 and S6O2)

Sulfur monoxide (SO) and its dimer, disulfur dioxide (S2O2)

Sulfur dioxide (SO2)

Sulfur trioxide (SO3)

Higher sulfur oxides (SO3, SO4, and polymeric condensates of them)

Disulfur monoxide (S2O)
Rhaunen
Rhaunen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It was the seat of the former Verbandsgemeinde Rhaunen.

Electorate of Trier
The Electorate of Trier (German: Kurfürstentum Trier or Kurtrier; French: Trèves) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that existed from the end of the 9th to the early 19th century. It was the temporal possession of the prince-archbishop of Trier (Erzbistum Trier) who was, ex officio, a prince-elector of the empire. The other ecclesiastical electors were the archbishops (in the secular context called simply electors) of Cologne and Mainz.

The capital of the electorate was Trier; from the 16th century onward, the main residence of the Elector was in Koblenz. The electorate was secularized in 1803 in the course of the German mediatisation.

The Elector of Trier, in his capacity as archbishop, also administered the Archdiocese of Trier, whose territory did not correspond to the electorate (see map below).
Hanson & Davis
Hanson & Davis was an East Coast-based freestyle/dance-pop duo comprising session singers Aaron Hanson and Edward J. Davis. Although the group was not commercially successful as many similar freestyle musicians of the time (e.g. Lisa Lisa & Cult Jam or Miami Sound Machine), the group enjoyed popularity throughout clubs and urban radio stations.

Their début single was a freestyle and Chicago house-oriented song "Tonight (Love Will Make It Right)", which was edited by a house music producer Timmy Regisford. An initial success came after they released their next single "I'll Take You On / Hungry for Your Love / Hold On to Yesterday" the next year. The songs, known for fusing electro, freestyle and early house sounds, were written by Kurtis Mantronik and remixed by Larry Levan.

The duo disbanded shortly after their moderate club success with singles "Can't Stop" and "Come Together" in 1988.

Larry Levan
Lawrence Philpot (July 20, 1954 – November 8, 1992), known as Larry Levan (/ləˈvæn/ lə-VAN), was an American DJ best known for his decade-long residency at the New York City night club Paradise Garage, which has been described as the prototype of the modern dance club. He developed a cult following who referred to his sets as "Saturday Mass". Influential post-disco DJ François Kevorkian credits Levan with introducing the dub aesthetic into dance music. Along with Kevorkian, Levan experimented with drum machines and synthesizers in his productions and live sets, ushering in an electronic, post-disco sound that presaged the ascendence of house music. He DJ'd at Club Zanzibar in the 1980s as well, home to the Jersey Sound brand of deep house or garage house.
Ampullaceana
Ampullaceana is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Lymnaeidae.

The species of this genus are found in Eurasia.

Species:

Ampullaceana ampla (W.Hartmann, 1821)

Ampullaceana balthica (Linnaeus, 1758)

Ampullaceana dipkunensis (Gundrizer & Starobogatov, 1979)

Ampullaceana fontinalis (S.Studer, 1820)

Ampullaceana intermedia (Lamarck, 1822)

Ampullaceana lagotis (Schrank, 1803)

Ampullaceana relicta (Poliński, 1929)

Lymnaeidae
Lymnaeidae, common name the pond snails, is  a taxonomic family of small to large air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks, that belong to the clade Hygrophila.

Lymnaeidae is the only family within the superfamily Lymnaeoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Myacyon
Myacyon is an extinct genus of large sized carnivoran mammals, belonging to the family Amphicyonidae ("bear dogs"), that lived in Africa during the Miocene epoch. Due to the limited scope and fragmentary nature of the severely damaged holotype, as well as the illustrations in its descriptions, which have been called inadequate, usage of this genus poses serious issues. However, it is notable for being one of the last surviving members of its family and its adaptions to hypercarnivory. Its relationships to other amphicyonids are obscure, and it is not closely related to Bonisicyon, the other late surviving African genus, although it has been proposed that it descends from a species of Cynelos or Namibiocyon.

Cynelos
Cynelos is a large extinct genus of amphicyonids which inhabited North America, Europe, and Africa from the Early Miocene subepoch to the Late Miocene subepoch 20.4–13.7 Mya, existing for approximately 6 million years.
Kurdification
Kurdification is a cultural change in which people, territory, or language gradually become Kurdish. Historically, Kurdification has happened naturally, as in Turkish Kurdistan, or as a deliberate government policy (as in Iraqi Kurdistan after 2003 invasion of Iraq).

The notion of Kurdification is different from country to country. In Turkish Kurdistan, many ethnic Armenians had Kurdified after converting to Islam, while many ethnic Bulgarians, Circassians, Chechens, Ingushs, and Ossetians were Kurdified as a result of fleeing to the region and having subsequently assimilated to the Kurdish culture and language.

Iraqi Kurdistan
Iraqi Kurdistan or Southern Kurdistan (Kurdish: باشووری کوردستان, romanized: Başûrê Kurdistanê) refers to the Kurdish-populated part of northern Iraq. It is considered one of the four parts of Greater Kurdistan in West Asia, which also includes parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northern Syria (Western Kurdistan), and northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan). Much of the geographical and cultural region of Iraqi Kurdistan is part of the Kurdistan Region (KRI), a semi-autonomous region recognized by the Constitution of Iraq. As with the rest of Kurdistan, and unlike most of the rest of Iraq, the region is inland and mountainous.
Lingui District
Lingui District (Chinese: 临桂区; pinyin: Línguì Qū) is the county seat and district administered by Guilin, Guangxi, China, and located midway between Guilin and Yangshuo. The district is mostly rural and hilly, marked by the same dramatic karst topography for which Guilin is famous. Tourist attractions include Snake World, Xiongsheng Tiger and Bear Village, and Crocodile Kingdom.

The district is also known as a center of luohan guo (Siraitia grosvenorii) production.

Olympic diver Li Ting is a native of Lingui.

World record holding Olympic weightlifter Shi Zhiyong is also a native of Lingui.

Yangshuo County
Yangshuo County (simplified Chinese: 阳朔县; traditional Chinese: 陽朔縣; pinyin: Yángshuò Xiàn) is a county under the jurisdiction of Guilin City, in the northeast of Guangxi, China. Its seat is located in the town of Yangshuo. Surrounded by karst peaks and bordered on one side by the Li River, it is served by bus and by boat from nearby Guilin.
Panta Lunjevica
Pantelija Panta Milićević Lunjevica (Serbian Cyrillic: Пантелија Панта Милићевић Луњевица; 1840–1887) was a Serbian higher administrative officer, the chief (načelnik) of the Šabac district (srez or okrug), and chief (načelnik) of the Belgrade district. He is better known as the father of Draga Mašin, Queen of Serbia.

Tanasije Čarapić
Atanasije "Tanasije" Čarapić (Serbian Cyrillic: Атанасије "Танасије" Чарапић; 1770 – 1810) or Atanasije "Tanasko" Čarapić was a voivode and Serbian revolutionary. Members of the Čarapić family were among the first to join Karađorđe against the dahijas.
Golden Coach (Netherlands)
The Golden Coach (Dutch: Gouden Koets) is a coach owned and used by the Dutch royal family. The Golden Coach was used every year to carry the Dutch monarch from the Noordeinde Palace to the Ridderzaal in order to deliver the Speech from the Throne or the wedding of the Prince of Orange or the Princess of Orange.  The Golden Coach is stored at the Royal Stables on the Noordeinde Palace grounds in The Hague.

Coach (carriage)
Coaches are horse-drawn carriages which are large, enclosed, four-wheeled, pulled by two or more horses, and controlled by a coachman or postilion (riders). If driven by a coachman, there is a raised seat in front for a coachman called a box, box seat, or coach box. A coach body typically has a door on each side, a forward facing seat, and frequently another seat facing it. Coaches were built for specific purposes which included transporting mail or travelers, privately owned coaches, and elaborate coaches for state occasions.
Arnaia History and Folklore Museum
The History and Folklore Museum of Arnaia (Greek: Ιστορικό-Λαογραφικό Μουσείο Αρναίας) is located in the town of Arnaia in Chalkidiki, Central Macedonia, Greece, 58 km from Thessaloniki and 37 km from Polygyros.

The museum, which belongs to the municipality, is behind the National Bank in the town centre. It is housed in a two-storey town-house of the eighteenth century, which was owned by Konstandinos Katsangelos and used to house the folklore collection put together by the Cultural and Educational Association of Arnaia. After being renovated it has opened as a museum in the summer of 1999.

The purpose of the museum is to display artefacts of the popular culture of Arnaia and the surrounding area.

Chalkidiki
Chalkidiki (/kælˈkɪdɪki/; Greek: Χαλκιδική, romanized: Chalkidikḗ [xalciðiˈci], alternatively Halkidiki), also known as Chalcidice, is a peninsula and regional unit of Greece, part of the region of Central Macedonia, in the geographic region of Macedonia in Northern Greece. The autonomous Mount Athos region constitutes the easternmost part of the peninsula, but not of the regional unit.

The capital of Chalkidiki is the town of Polygyros, located in the centre of the peninsula, while the largest town is Nea Moudania. Chalkidiki is a popular summer tourist destination.
2015 Tour de Hongrie
The 2015 Tour de Hongrie was a six-day cycling stage race that took place in Hungary in August 2015. The race is the 36th edition of the Tour de Hongrie. It was rated as a 2.2 event as part of the 2015 UCI Europe Tour. The race included five stages+Prologue, starting in Szombathely on 4 August and returning there for the finish on 9 August in Budapest.

2015 UCI Europe Tour
The 2015 UCI Europe Tour was the eleventh season of the UCI Europe Tour. The 2015 season began on 29 January 2015 with the Trofeo Santanyí-Ses Salines-Campos and ended on 25 October 2015 with the Tour of Aegean.

The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI Europe Tour cycling jersey. Tom Van Asbroeck of Belgium is the defending champion of the 2014 UCI Europe Tour.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2
Coprophilia
Coprophilia (from Greek κόπρος, kópros 'excrement' and φιλία, philía 'liking, fondness'), also called scatophilia or scat (Greek: σκατά, skatá 'feces'), is the paraphilia involving sexual arousal and pleasure from feces.

Paraphilia
A paraphilia is an uncommon, intense, and persistent sexual arousal or attraction to anything not sexual by nature. It has also been defined as a sexual interest in anything other than a legally consenting human partner. Paraphilias are contrasted with normophilic ("normal") sexual interests, although the definition of what makes a sexual interest normal or atypical remains controversial.

The exact number and taxonomy of paraphilia is under debate; Anil Aggrawal has listed as many as 549 types of paraphilias. Several sub-classifications of paraphilia have been proposed; some argue that a fully dimensional, spectrum, or complaint-oriented approach would better reflect the evident diversity of human sexuality. Although paraphilias were believed in the 20th century to be rare among the general population, subsequent research has indicated that some level of paraphilic interests are relatively common.
Tenetiše, Litija
Tenetiše (pronounced [tɛnɛˈtiːʃɛ]; in older sources also Tenetišče, German: Tenetitsch) is a settlement on the right bank of the Sava River east of Litija in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included with the rest of the Municipality of Litija in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

Litija
Litija (pronounced [liˈtíːja] ⓘ; German: Littai) is a town in the Litija Basin in central Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Litija. It is located in the valley of the Sava River, east of the capital Ljubljana, in the traditional region of Upper Carniola. The entire municipality is now included in the Central Sava Statistical Region; until January 2014 it was part of the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. The town is home to about 6,500 people.
Bill Douglass
William Douglass (February 28, 1923 – December 19, 1994) was an American jazz drummer born in Sherman, Texas. Douglass relocated to Los Angeles when he was six months old, becoming in his adulthood a popular Los Angeles musician who worked shows and sessions. Douglass provided drums for notable instrumentalists such as Benny Goodman and Ben Webster, as well as providing backing for vocalists such as Lena Horne and June Christy. He was also known for his work in the American Federation of Musicians, where he was an active proponent of desegregation. He held offices in local unions both before and after their racial integration.

Lena Horne
Lena Mary Calhoun Horne (June 30, 1917 – May 9, 2010) was an American singer, actress, dancer and civil rights activist. Horne's career spanned more than seventy years and covered film, television and theater.

Horne joined the chorus of the Cotton Club at the age of sixteen and became a nightclub performer before moving on to Hollywood and Broadway. A groundbreaking Black-American performer, Horne advocated for civil rights and took part in the March on Washington in August 1963. Later she returned to her roots as a nightclub performer and continued to work on television while releasing well-received record albums. She announced her retirement in March 1980, but the next year starred in a one-woman show, Lena Horne: The Lady and Her Music, which ran for more than 300 performances on Broadway. She then toured the country in the show, earning numerous awards and accolades. Horne continued recording and performing sporadically into the 1990s, withdrawing from the public eye in 2000.
Spike Island, Widnes
Spike Island is a park in Widnes, Halton, North West England. It is an artificial island between the Sankey Canal and the estuary of the River Mersey containing parkland, woodland, wetlands and footpaths. It is next to the Catalyst Science Discovery Centre, an interactive science and technology museum.

Spike Island was at the centre of the British chemical industry during the Industrial Revolution. In 1833, Widnes Dock, the world's first rail-to-ship dock, was built on the island. In 1848, John Hutchinson built the first chemical factory in Widnes on the island. The chemical industry in Widnes grew rapidly thereafter. By the 1970s no working chemical factories remained, and from 1975 onwards the island was cleaned up and turned over to public recreation.

A famous concert by the rock band the Stone Roses, subsequently the subject of an eponymous film (2012), took place on the island in May 1990.

Borough of Halton
The Borough of Halton (/hɒltən/) is a local authority district with borough status in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, North West England. It is administered by Halton Borough Council, a unitary authority since 1998. The borough contains the towns of Runcorn and Widnes and the civil parishes of Daresbury, Hale, Halebank, Moore, Preston Brook, and Sandymoor. Since 2014, it has been part of the Liverpool City Region and the council is a member of the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority.

The neighbouring districts (clockwise from west) are Liverpool, Knowsley and St Helens, which are fellow boroughs of the Liverpool City Region, and Warrington and Cheshire West and Chester in Cheshire.