hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1st (Peshawar) Division
The 1st (Peshawar) Division was a Regular Division of the British Indian Army formed as a result of the Kitchener reforms of the Indian Army in 1903. During World War I, the Division remained in India for local defense, but was mobilized for action on the North West Frontier on several occasions.

The Division was a part of the Northern Army, later called the Northern Command. In 1919, the Division was mobilized for operations in Afghanistan during the Third Afghan War. Typical of most Indian Army formations, it contained a mixture of British and Indian units; but, unlike British Divisions, it contained a mixture of cavalry and infantry components.

12th Frontier Force Regiment
The 12th Frontier Force Regiment was formed in 1922 as part of the British Indian Army. It consisted of five regular battalions; numbered 1 to 5 and the 10th (Training) Battalion. During the Second World War a further ten battalions were raised. In 1945, the prenominal "12th" was dropped when the British Indian Army dispensed with prenominal numbering of its regiments. After the independence in 1947, it was formed into the Frontier Force Regiment, part of the army of Pakistan.
Salamonde Dam
Salamonde Dam (Portuguese: Barragem de Salamonde; Portuguese pronunciation: [bɐˈʁaʒɐ̃j dɨ sɐlɐˈmõdɨ]) is a concrete arch dam on the Cávado River, where the river forms the border line between the districts of Braga and Vila Real. It is located in the municipality Vieira do Minho, in Braga District, Portugal.

The dam was completed in 1953. It is owned by Companhia Portuguesa de Produção de Electricidade (CPPE). The dam was designed by Coyne et Bellier.

Vieira do Minho
Vieira do Minho (Portuguese pronunciation: [viˈɐjɾɐ ðu ˈmiɲu] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district of Braga, in the north of Portugal. The population in 2011 was 12,997, in an area of 216.44 km2.

The present mayor is António Cardoso, elected by a coalition between PSD and the CDS–PP.
DDX11
ATP-dependent DNA/RNA helicase DDX11 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DDX11 gene. DDX11 is found within chromosome 12’s repetitive region. Its function as a helicase was determined from its structure.

DEAD box
DEAD box proteins are involved in an assortment of metabolic processes that typically involve RNAs, but in some cases also other nucleic acids. They are highly conserved in nine motifs and can be found in most prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but not all. Many organisms, including humans, contain DEAD-box (SF2) helicases, which are involved in RNA metabolism.
Raphaël Krikorian
Raphaël Krikorian (born 22 April 1968 in Reims) is a French  mathematician, currently a professor at the CY Cergy Paris University. He is known for his contributions to dynamical systems.

After studying at the École polytechnique, Krikorian earned his PhD under supervision of Michael Herman in 1996.

He published his scientific work in such journals as Annals of Mathematics, Duke Mathematical Journal and Inventiones Mathematicae. With Artur Avila he solved the fifth Simon problem on zero measure in the Anderson model equation.

Krikorian is a member of the editorial boards of Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations and Journal of Modern Dynamics.

He was an invited speaker at International Congress of Mathematicians (which has been called "the equivalent ... of an induction to a hall of fame") in Rio de Janeiro in 2018, and at the conference Dynamics, Equations and Applications in Kraków in 2019.

Michael Herman (mathematician)
Michael Robert Herman (6 November 1942 – 2 November 2000) was a French American mathematician. He was one of the leading experts on the theory of dynamical systems.

Born in New York City, he was educated in France. He was a student at École polytechnique before being one of the first members of the Centre de Mathématiques created there by Laurent Schwartz. In 1976 he earned his PhD at the Paris-Sud 11 University, under supervision of Harold Rosenberg. He introduced Herman rings in 1979.

Herman received the Salem Prize in 1976. He was an Invited Speaker of the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) in 1978 in Helsinki and the ICM in 1998 in Berlin. Among his students was Jean-Christophe Yoccoz, 1994 Fields Medalist.
San Marco in San Girolamo
45°33′09″N 11°32′35″E﻿ / ﻿45.552561°N 11.542980°E﻿ / 45.552561; 11.542980

The Church of San Marco in San Girolamo (St. Mark in St. Jerome) is a baroque parish church in Vicenza, northern Italy, built in the 18th century by the Discalced Carmelites. It houses various artworks by artists of the early 18th century from Veneto. The sacristy preserves its original furniture of the same period.

John of the Cross
St. John of the Cross OCD (Spanish: Juan de la Cruz; Latin: Ioannes a Cruce; né Juan de Yepes y Álvarez; 24 June 1542 – 14 December 1591) was a Spanish Catholic priest, mystic, and Carmelite friar. He is a major figure of the Counter-Reformation in Spain, and he is one of the 38 Doctors of the Church.

John of the Cross is known for his writings. He was mentored by and corresponded with the older Carmelite nun Teresa of Ávila. Both his poetry and his studies on the development of the soul, particularly his Noche Obscura, are considered the summit of mystical Christian literature and among the greatest works of all Spanish literature. He was canonized by Pope Benedict XIII in 1726. In 1926, he was declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Pius XI, and is also known as the "mystical doctor".
Buffalo Creek flood
The Buffalo Creek flood was a disaster that occurred in Logan County, West Virginia, on February 26, 1972, when a coal slurry impoundment dam burst, causing significant loss of life and property damage.

The impoundment dam, managed by Pittston Coal Company, had been declared "satisfactory" by a federal mine inspector four days earlier. In its legal filings, Pittston referred to the accident as "an Act of God."

Coal town
A coal town, also known as a coal camp or patch, is a type of company town or mining community established by the employer, a mining company, which imports workers to the site to work the mineral find. The company develops it and provides residences for a population of miners and related workers to reside near the coal mine. The 'town founding' process is not limited to mining, but this type of development typically takes place where mineral wealth is located in a remote or undeveloped area. The company opens the site for exploitation by first, constructing transportation infrastructure to serve it, and later to establish residences for workers. Mineral resources were sometimes found as the result of logging operations that established clear-cut area. Geologists and cartographers could then chart and plot the lands for exploitation.
Agromyza albipennis
Agromyza albipennis is a species of fly in the family Agromyzidae. It is found in the Palearctic. Wings milky. Squamae with white borders and vestiture. Last segment of vein 5 (Cu A1 equal to twice the length of  the precedent.- Long. : 2–3 mm. The larvae mines Poaceae

Agromyzidae
The Agromyzidae are a family of flies, commonly referred to as the leaf-miner flies for the feeding habits of their larvae, most of which are leaf miners on various plants. It includes roughly 2,500 species, they are small, some with wing length of 1 mm. The maximum size is 6.5 mm. Most species are in the range of 2 to 3 mm.
Noirlac Abbey
Noirlac Abbey (French: Abbaye de Noirlac) is a Cistercian monastery located in the commune of Bruère-Allichamps, near Saint-Amand-Montrond, in the Cher department of central France. The first buildings were constructed in 1150 by monks from Clairvaux Abbey.

Clairvaux Abbey
Clairvaux Abbey (/klɛərˈvoʊ/, French: [klɛʁvo] l’abbaye de Clairvaux; Latin: Clara Vallis) was a Cistercian monastery in Ville-sous-la-Ferté, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Bar-sur-Aube. The abbey was founded in 1115 by Bernard of Clairvaux. As a primary abbey, it was one of the most significant monasteries in the order. Dissolved during the French Revolution, it was used from 1808 to 2023 as Clairvaux Prison, a high-security correctional facility. As of 2024, the site was being converted to a tourist destination.

Its layout was significantly altered by construction in the 18th and 19th centuries. Before it was a prison, Clairvaux Abbey served as an archetype for Cistercian monasteries; significant portions of the ancient abbey remain standing.
Fibration
The notion of a fibration generalizes the notion of a fiber bundle and plays an important role in algebraic topology, a branch of mathematics.

Fibrations are used, for example, in Postnikov systems or obstruction theory.

In this article, all mappings are continuous mappings between topological spaces.

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
Pi Virginis
Pi Virginis (π Vir, π Virginis) is a binary star in the zodiac constellation of Virgo. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.64. The distance to this star, based upon parallax measurements, is roughly 380 light years.

This is a spectroscopic binary system with a stellar classification of A5V. They have an orbital period of 283 days with an eccentricity of 0.27. The mass ratio of the two stars is about 0.47, with the primary having an estimated mass of around 2.2 times that of the Sun. The primary is a cool metallic-lined Am star.

Virgo (constellation)
Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. The name means "maiden" in Latin and its traditional astrological symbol is . Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, lying in the south, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica, (in Latin "grain headed").
Florbal MB
Florbal MB (Předvýběr.CZ Florbal Mladá Boleslav after its sponsor) is a floorball club based in Mladá Boleslav, Czech Republic. The current club was formed in 2003 by merging FbK Mladá Boleslav (1999) and Sokol Mladá Boleslav (1998).

The men's team has played in the highest Czech floorball league, Superliga florbalu, since the season 2004–05, after being promoted from a lower league. With four titles in the 2017–18, 2020–21, 2021–22 and 2024–25 seasons, it is the third most successful team of the league, after Tatran Střešovice and 1. SC Vítkovice. The team was only fourth one to win a title, and the first one that started in a lower league.

The team also won three second places, in the seasons 2014–15, 2016–17, and 2018–19. In 2025, they won silver at the Champions Cup.

Tatran Střešovice
Tatran Střešovice is a floorball club based in Prague, Czech Republic. The team was founded in 1991.

The men's team has played in the highest Czech floorball league, Superliga florbalu, since its foundation in 1993. Until the 2011–12 season, the team was the dominant team of the league, winning all titles, except for the 1995–96, 1996–97, 1999–00, and 2008–09 seasons. Overall, the team won 18 titles, the last time in 2023–24 season. It makes it the most successful Czech men floorball team. In 2024, Tatran won Champions Cup as the first Czech team in the history.

Women's team also play the highest Czech floorball league, Extraliga žen. The team won the first five seasons of the league, between 1994–95 and 1998–99.

The club organizes Czech Open, one of the largest international floorball tournaments.
Man Bahadur Gurung (politician)
Man Bahadur Gurung is a Nepalese politician belonging to the CPN (UML), currently serving as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election, he was elected from the Kaski 1 (constituency).

2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal
The Second Federal Parliament of Nepal, was elected by the 2022 general elections on 20 November 2022. The elections elected 275 Members of Parliament (MPs), 165 for each constituency and 110 through the party list, to the House of Representatives. The parliament convened for the first time on 9 January 2023 and was dissolved on 12 September 2025 following the 2025 Gen Z protests.
Walter Hennig
Olaf Walter Hennig is a discreet South African businessman based in London. He is known for his involvement in the Black Economic Empowerment programme and his experience in the mining industry.

Hennig was born on 7 October 1972.  After graduating from Stellenbosch University in 1993, he emigrated to Angola to pursue opportunities in the mining industry. He now has business interests in South Africa and the United Kingdom, according to UK Companies House records of Yoshiko Enterprises Limited. He has expertise in emerging markets, namely Africa., where he has developed diamond and metal concessions. Hennig traded diamonds, first in Angola and later the Democratic Republic of the Congo and other locations.

Hennig is also known for hosting New Year's Eve events at a private venue in Clifton, Cape Town, which are well attended by celebrities and politicians.

Sculptor Capital Management
Sculptor Capital Management (formerly Och-Ziff Capital Management Group) is an American global diversified alternative asset management firm headquartered in New York City. The firm is one of the largest institutional alternative asset managers in the world and operates multiple investment strategies, including multi-strategy, credit and real estate. It has over 300 employees worldwide including offices in New York City, London, and Hong Kong.

On November 17, 2023, Rithm Capital completed the purchase of Sculptor Capital Management for approximately $719.8 million.
Shrawan Kumar (mathematician)
Shrawan Kumar is the John R. and Louise S. Parker distinguished professor of mathematics at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He has written two books: Kac-Moody groups, their flag varieties, and representation theory and Frobenius splitting methods in geometry and representation theory (jointly with Michel Brion).

Born and raised in Ghazipur, India, Shrawan Kumar earned a Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Mumbai and the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai in 1986. His advisor was S. Ramanan. Shrawan Kumar is the younger brother of Gopal Prasad, a professor of mathematics at the University of Michigan, and the elder brother of Dipendra Prasad, a professor of mathematics at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research.

In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) is a research Institute under the Department of Atomic Energy of the Government of India. It is a public deemed university located at Navy Nagar, Colaba in Mumbai. It also has centres in Bangalore, Pune and Hyderabad. TIFR conducts research primarily in the natural sciences, the biological sciences and theoretical computer science.
Second Pashinyan government
The Second Pashinyan government was the executive branch of the government of Armenia from 14 January 2019 to 2 August 2021. Nikol Pashinyan was appointed Prime Minister by President Armen Sarkissian on 14 January 2019, after My Step Alliance's decisive victory in the 2018 Armenian parliamentary election.

The Government was formed by the My Step Alliance, which consisted of the Civil Contract Party and the much smaller Mission Party.

The National Assembly approved a reduction to 12 ministries from the previous 17.

Government of Armenia
The Government of the Republic of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրապետության Կառավարություն) or the executive branch of the Armenian government is an executive council of government ministers in Armenia. It is one of the three main governmental branches of Armenia and is headed by the Prime Minister of Armenia.
Keiko Aizawa
Keiko Aizawa (相沢恵子, Aizawa Keiko; born November 22, 1963) is a Japanese actress who specializes in voice acting. She is affiliated with the Gekidan Subaru production company. She is married to Shigeru Ushiyama, an actor who also with Gekidan Subaru. Aizawa is originally from Kanagawa Prefecture.

Emma (manga)
Emma (エマ, Ema) is a Japanese historical romance manga by Kaoru Mori. It was published by Enterbrain in the magazine Comic Beam and collected in ten tankōbon volumes. The series has been adapted as an anime television series, entitled Emma – A Victorian Romance (英國戀物語エマ, Eikoku Koi Monogatari Emma). The manga is licensed in English in North America by Yen Press and the anime is licensed in English by Nozomi Entertainment.

Set in Victorian London at the end of the 19th century, Emma is the story of a housemaid who falls in love with a member of the gentry. However, the man's father and young siblings disapprove of him associating with people of the lower classes.
Pronator teres syndrome
Pronator teres syndrome is a compression neuropathy of the median nerve at the elbow.
It is rare compared to compression at the wrist (carpal tunnel syndrome) or isolated injury of the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve (anterior interosseous syndrome).

Nerve decompression
A nerve decompression is a neurosurgical procedure to relieve chronic, direct pressure on a nerve to treat nerve entrapment, a pain syndrome characterized by severe chronic pain and muscle weakness. In this way a nerve decompression targets the underlying pathophysiology of the syndrome and is considered a first-line surgical treatment option for peripheral nerve pain. Despite treating the underlying cause of the disease, the symptoms may not be fully reversible as delays in diagnosis can allow permanent damage to occur to the nerve and surrounding microvasculature. Traditionally only nerves accessible with open surgery have been good candidates, however innovations in laparoscopy and nerve-sparing techniques made nearly all nerves in the body good candidates, as surgical access is no longer a barrier.
Cannonball Run II
Cannonball Run II is a 1983 American action comedy film starring Burt Reynolds and an all-star cast, released by Warner Bros. Pictures and Golden Harvest. The film is the second installment of the Cannonball Run trilogy and a sequel to The Cannonball Run (1981). Like the first film, it is set around an illegal cross-country race, inspired by the real life Cannonball Baker Sea-to-Shining-Sea Memorial Trophy Dash.

This marked the final feature film appearances of Dean Martin and Frank Sinatra. Their appearances, coupled with those of Sammy Davis Jr. marked the final on-screen appearance of the Rat Pack team. The film also marked the final film appearance of Jim Nabors before his death in November 2017. The film also featured Jackie Chan in his third Hollywood role. The film was followed by a sequel, Speed Zone, in 1989.

Orange Sky Golden Harvest
Orange Sky Golden Harvest (OSGH) (Chinese: 橙天嘉禾娛樂集團有限公司; Cantonese Yale: Cháangtīn Gāwòh Yùhlohk Jaahptyùhn Yáuhhaahn Gūngsī), previously known as Golden Harvest Entertainment Group (Chinese: 嘉禾娛樂事業集團有限公司; Cantonese Yale: Gāwòh Yùhlohk Sihyihp Jaahptyùhn Yáuhhaahn Gūngsī) from 1970 to 2009, is a film production, distribution, and exhibition company based in Hong Kong. It dominated Hong Kong cinema box office sales from the 1970s to the 1980s, and played a major role in introducing Hong Kong action films to the world, especially those by Bruce Lee (Concord Production Inc.), Jackie Chan, Jet Li, and Sammo Hung.
Ethiopian–Ottoman border conflict
The Ethiopian–Ottoman border conflict was an undeclared war between the Ottoman province of Egypt and various Ethiopian warlords occurring soon after the Egyptian conquest of Sudan. By the middle of the 19th century, the Ethiopians and Turco-Egyptians faced each other across an undefined and contested border. Muhammad Ali initially entertained the idea of conquering all of Tigray and Amhara, but by the middle of the 19th century Egypt had only limited objectives in Ethiopia, namely to establish its authority over the mineral rich slopes of the Ethiopian peripheral areas.

Gondar
Gondar, also spelled Gonder (Amharic: ጎንደር, Gonder or Gondär; formerly ጐንደር, Gʷandar or Gʷender), is a city and woreda in Ethiopia. Located in the North Gondar Zone of the Amhara Region, Gondar is north of Lake Tana on the Lesser Angereb River and southwest of the Simien Mountains. As of 2021, Gondar has an estimated population of 443,156.

Gondar previously served as the capital of both the Ethiopian Empire and the subsequent Begemder Province. The city holds the remains of several royal castles, including those in the Fasil Ghebbi UNESCO World Heritage Site for which Gondar has been called the "Camelot of Africa".
Nick Mondek
Nicholas James Mondek (born November 3, 1988) is an American former football offensive tackle. He was selected in the sixth round, 195th overall, by the Houston Texans in the 2012 NFL draft. He played college football at Purdue. While at Purdue he was recruited by Joe Tiller as a defensive tackle, but when Danny Hope took over the program in 2010, Hope transitioned Mondek into an offensive tackle.

Danny Hope
Charles Daniel Hope (born January 7, 1959) is an American football coach and former player. He served as the head football coach at Eastern Kentucky University from 2003 to 2007, and Purdue University from 2009 to 2012, compiling a career college football head coaching record of 57–49. Following the passing of UCF offensive line coach Shawn Clark, Hope joined the Knights' coaching staff to assist with responsibilities.
Prime Minister's Cup All Japan University Football Tournament
The Prime Minister's Cup All Japan University Football Tournament, mostly known by Prime Minister's Cup, is the secondary football competition for universities across Japan. Since 1977, the year of its first edition, the tournament is held between late August and early September. Winning universities were automatically seeded in the Emperor's Cup. It happened for the last time on 2011. Until 2004, runner-up universities were also given these rights.

On 2023, it was the last time 24 teams participated in the tournament, with 8 teams automatically seeded in the second round. From 2024 onwards, 32 teams participates in the tournament, all starting in the same round.

Emperor's Cup
The Emperor's Cup JFA All-Japan Football Championship Tournament (Japanese: 天皇杯 JFA 全日本サッカー選手権大会, Hepburn: Tennōhai Jēefuē Zen-Nihon Sakkā Senshuken Taikai), commonly known as The Emperor's Cup (Japanese: 天皇杯, サッカー天皇杯, Hepburn: Tennōhai, Sakkā Tennōhai) or Japan FA Cup, and rebranded as The JFA Emperor's Cup from 2024 onwards, is a Japanese annual football competition. It has the longest tradition of any football tournament in Japan, dating back to 1921, before the formation of the J.League, the current JFL (not the former JFL), and their predecessor, the Japan Soccer League.

Before World War II, teams could qualify not only from Japan proper but also from Empire of Japan's colonies such as Korea, Taiwan, and sometimes Manchukuo. The winning club qualifies for the AFC Champions League and the Japanese Super Cup. The tournament's equivalent in women's football is the Empress's Cup.

The current holders are Machida Zelvia, having won their first cup in the 2025 edition.