hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 Atlantic 10 Conference baseball tournament
The 2024 Atlantic 10 Conference baseball tournament was the 46th edition of the tournament, which took place at Capital One Park in Tysons, Virginia. The tournament was a double-elimination tournament, and began on May 21 and concluded on May 25.

George Mason are the defending champions, but failed to qualify for the tournament. VCU won the tournament, their third in the past four seasons, defeating their crosstown rivals, Richmond, in the final.

Atlantic 10 Conference baseball tournament
The Atlantic 10 Conference baseball tournament, sometimes referred to simply as the A-10 tournament, is the conference baseball championship of the NCAA Division I Atlantic 10 Conference.  The top seven finishers in the regular season of the conference's twelve teams advance to the double-elimination tournament, which in 2017 will be played at Billiken Sports Center in St. Louis, Missouri.  The winner of the tournament receives an automatic berth to the NCAA Division I Baseball Championship.
Receiver function
The receiver function technique is a way to image the structure of the Earth and its internal boundaries by using the information from teleseismic earthquakes recorded at a three-component seismograph.

A teleseismic P-wave will generate P-to-S conversions at boundaries, such as the Moho (crust-mantle boundary), beneath the seismograph. The difference in travel time between the generated S-wave and P-wave contains information about the depth to the boundary and about the P- and S-wave velocities.  If further reverberations are included, more detailed structure can be resolved. This is done by deconvolution of the incoming vertical and longitudinal components of the seismogram, which removes the common part of the components - namely, the source and travel path information. The resulting waveform is the receiver function.

Similarly, a teleseismic S-wave will generate an S-to-P conversion beneath the seismic station.

P wave
A P wave (primary wave or pressure wave) is one of the two main types of elastic body waves, called seismic waves in seismology. P waves travel faster than other seismic waves and hence are the first signal from an earthquake to arrive at any affected location or at a seismograph. P waves may be transmitted through gases, liquids, or solids.
Najran, Suwayda
Najran (Arabic: نجران, also spelled Nijran) is a village in southern Syria lying south of the Lajat plain, administratively part of the Suwayda Governorate, located northwest of Suwayda. Nearby localities include Harran to the northwest, Ariqah to the northeast, ad-Duwayra and Qarrasa to the west, ad-Dour and Sami' to the southwest, al-Mazraa and al-Majdal to the south and Kafr al-Luhuf and Rimat al-Luhuf to the southeast. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Najran had a population of 2,955 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze, with a Sunni Muslim Bedouin minority.

Al-Ariqah
Ariqah (Arabic: عريقة, romanized: ʿArīqa), formerly known as Ahira, is a town in southern Syria with a population of about 3,798, according to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) in the 2004 census. It is located in the heart of the rocky volcanic plateau of Lajat. Administratively Ariqah is situated in the Shahba District of Suwayda Governorate.
Ariqah is known for its volcanic cave which is located in a 10 meters deep hollow in the centre of the village. This cave is known as Ariqa Cave which extends from 2 to 3 kilometers in the old lava streams, it is the biggest known cave in southern Syria. Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze, with a Sunni Muslim Bedouin minority.
Alexandrovsky Uyezd, Vladimir Governorate
Alexandrovsky Uyezd (Александровский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of Vladimir Governorate in the Russian Empire and later the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1778 until 1929. It was situated in the western part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Alexandrov.

Vladimir Governorate
Vladimir Governorate (Russian: Владимирская губерния, romanized: Vladimirskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, the Russian Republic and the Russian SFSR, which existed in 1796–1929.
Dalton Hall, Cumbria
Dalton Hall is a country house near Burton-in-Kendal in northern England. The hall lies within the county palatine of Lancaster, while Burton lies in the historic county of Westmorland. Both have formed part of Cumbria since 1974.

The hall has been in the ownership of the Hornby family since the late 18th century. Major additions were made to the large Georgian mansion in 1859–60 by Edmund Geoffrey Stanley Hornby (1839-1923), a Deputy Lieutenant for Lancashire, son and heir of Edmund Hornby (1773-1857), MP, to the designs of the Lancaster architect Edward Graham Paley. The building was demolished in 1968 and replaced in 1968–72 by a much smaller new house designed by Clough Williams-Ellis, his last commission. Pevsner described it as "a stately doll's house" which "sits inside the ghost of its predecessor". The outbuildings have been converted to serve a number of commercial purposes, including rental cottages, a self-storage facility, and the Dalton Hall Business Centre.

Burton-in-Kendal
Burton-in-Kendal is a village and civil parish on the extreme southern edge of Cumbria, England. The parish contains around 660 houses and in the 2001 census  had a population of 1,411, increasing at the 2011 census to 1,497. Historically within the county of Westmorland (with parts of the surrounding area within Lancashire), the village straddles the A6070 road between Crooklands and Carnforth, at a point around midway between Lancaster and Kendal, and is in the shadow of the nearby limestone outcrop known as Farleton Knott.
2014 Women's European Volleyball League
The 2014 Women's European Volleyball League was the sixth edition of the annual Women's European Volleyball League, which featured women's national volleyball teams from eight European countries.

Turkey defeated Germany 6–2 in the final, which was played over two legs, to capture their first title.

Women's European Volleyball League
The Women's European Volleyball League is a continental volleyball competition for senior women's national volleyball teams of Europe, organized by the European Volleyball Confederation (CEV). Created in 2009, the competition served as a qualifying tournament for the FIVB World Grand Prix (until 2016) and its successor the FIVB Challenger Cup since 2018.

This event should not be confused with the other, more prestigious, continental competition for European national volleyball teams, the European Volleyball Championship.
2023–24 CONCACAF Nations League A
The 2023–24 CONCACAF Nations League A was the top division of the 2023–24 edition of the CONCACAF Nations League, the third season of the international football competition involving the men's national teams of the 41 member associations of CONCACAF. The initial group stage was held from 7 September 2023 to 17 October 2023.

League A culminated with the 2024 CONCACAF Nations League Finals in March 2024 to crown the champions of the CONCACAF Nations League.

This edition of the CONCACAF Nations League A served to determine the six CONCACAF representatives that qualified as guests for the 2024 Copa América in the United States. The four quarter-finals winners and two play-in winners between the four quarter-finals losers qualified to the CONMEBOL tournament.

2023–24 CONCACAF Nations League
The 2023–24 CONCACAF Nations League was the third season of the CONCACAF Nations League, an international association football competition involving the men's national teams of the 41 member associations of CONCACAF. The group stage was held in September, October, and November 2023, and the Finals were played from 21 to 24 March 2024 at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas.

The competition saw a format change, with League A now featuring sixteen teams and a quarter-final round. In addition, the Nations League also served as qualification for CONCACAF teams for the 2024 Copa América, which was held between June and July of that year in the United States.

The United States were the two-time defending champions and successfully defended their title in the final.
Umbrella Magazine
Umbrella Magazine was a British magazine focusing on cities, with an emphasis on design, style and culture. The co-founders were Anthony Teasdale and Matt Reynolds. Teasdale is a journalist who has written for Arena, Esquire and FHM Reynolds is a creative director who works in advertising. The magazine ran for 16 issues before going on hiatus in 2020. Freelance contributors include Kevin Sampson (writer), author of Awaydays and Powder, John Mackin, writer of the book, Redman, A Season On the Drink, Brett Foraker, an advertising film director who works for Ridley Scott's advertising company RSA  and Architecture correspondent Justin Clack, director of property consultants Frost Meadowcroft.

FHM
FHM (For Him Magazine) was a printed British multinational men's fashion lifestyle magazine that was published in several countries. It contained features such as the FHM 100 Sexiest Women in the World.

The final printed issue of British FHM was dated February 2016, after which the magazine moved to a digital-only platform, with updated daily content on topics such as dating tips, style advice, viral news, sports and entertainment.
Officer Kicks
Officer Kicks are a British rock group who formed in early 2005 in Southeast London.

The band have released two albums to date. They have toured with The Script, Ocean Colour Scene, Jack Penate, The View, The Hoosiers, Juliette Lewis, The Rifles amongst many others. They also headlined the Late and Live stage at Glastonbury, the BBC Introducing stage at Bestival and were amongst the headline acts on the main stage of the Secret Garden Party. In 2010 they completed a twelve date tour of Ireland with The Script and a fourteen date UK tour with Juliette Lewis as well as playing festivals all over Europe including Peace and Love and Sonisphere. The band also played a host of Harley Davidson Ralleys (H.O.G.) all over Europe (Spain, Austria, Portugal, Switzerland, Germany) which included playing with Metallica, Alvin Lee former Ten Years After frontman/lead guitarist, Manfred Mann, Sam Brown and Mötley Crüe.

The Rifles (band)
The Rifles are an English indie rock band from Chingford, London.

Their debut album No Love Lost was released on 17 July 2006 and initially reached No. 68 in the UK Albums Chart. The band currently consists of Joel Stoker (vocals, guitar), Lucas Crowther (guitar, vocals), Rob Pyne (bass guitar), Grant Marsh (drums) and Dean Mumford (keyboard). Their follow-up album, Great Escape, was released on 26 January 2009 and came in at No. 27 in the UK chart. Their third album Freedom Run was released on 19 September 2011 reaching No. 37 in the UK. Fourth album None The Wiser was their highest charting release when it reached No. 21 in 2014. The band released their fifth studio album Big Life on 19 August 2016.
Mummy and Daddy
Mummy and Daddy is the fifteenth studio album by power electronics band Whitehouse, released in early 1998 through Susan Lawly. The album mostly focuses on domestic violence and is considered by many to be one of the band's darkest recordings. The cover art was illustrated by Trevor Brown, who previously worked with the band for their albums Quality Time, Halogen, and Twice Is Not Enough.

Twice Is Not Enough
Twice Is Not Enough is the eleventh studio album by power electronics band Whitehouse, released in 1991 through Susan Lawly. The album cover, depicting a dog sitting on a bed, was drawn by Trevor Brown, and references multiple different murders performed by serial killers. In 1999, the album was reissued as a special edition CD with bonus tracks, all of which originated from the band's 1992 album Never Forget Death, which was out-of-print by that point in time.
Ivyland, Pennsylvania
Ivyland is a borough in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for one of the finest collections of Victorian buildings in the state, most of which are registered with the National Register of Historic Places. As of the 2020 census, Ivyland had a population of 955.

New Hope Railroad
The New Hope Railroad (reporting mark NHRR), formerly and colloquially known as the New Hope and Ivyland Railroad and the New Hope Steam Railway and Museum, is a shortline and heritage railroad located in New Hope, Pennsylvania. Today, the railroad operates both steam and diesel powered locomotives and is an associate member of Northeast Operating Rules Advisory Committee.
Oberaach railway station
Oberaach railway station (German: Bahnhof Oberaach) is a railway station in the village of Oberaach, within the municipality of Amriswil, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It is an intermediate stop on the Winterthur–Romanshorn line and is served by local trains only.

St. Gallen S-Bahn
The St. Gallen S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn St. Gallen) is an S-Bahn-style commuter rail in Eastern Switzerland and neighbouring areas. The network connects stations in the Swiss cantons of Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Glarus, Grisons, Schaffhausen, St. Gallen, Thurgau and Zurich, as well as a few stations in Austria (Bregenz, Vorarlberg) and Germany (Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg and Lindau, Bavaria). Some services also operate as part of the Bodensee S-Bahn.

Services are operated by Appenzeller Bahnen (AB), Südostbahn (SOB), and Thurbo. Within Switzerland and until Konstanz, services operate within the Tarifverbund Ostwind (Ostwind fare network)  of northeastern Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
Florida's 10th House of Representatives district
Florida's 10th House district elects one member of the Florida House of Representatives. The district is represented by Chuck Brannan. This district is located in North Central Florida, and encompasses part of the inland First Coast, as well as small parts of the Gainesville metropolitan area and the Jacksonville metropolitan area. The district covers all of Baker County, Columbia County, Hamilton County, Suwannee County, and part of northern Alachua County. The largest city in the district is Lake City. As of the 2010 census, the district's population is 156,423.

This district contains Florida Gateway College, located in Lake City. The district also contains a small military presence at Lake City Gateway Airport.

Suwannee County, Florida
Suwannee County is a county located in the north central portion of the state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 43,474, up from 41,551 in 2010. Its county seat is Live Oak. Suwannee County was a dry county until August 2011, when the sale of alcoholic beverages became legal in the county.
Roger Corbet
Roger Corbet (c.1501–1538) was an English politician and landowner of the Tudor Period. A member of the Shropshire landed gentry, he represented the Borough of Truro in the English Reformation Parliament.

Tong, Shropshire
Tong is a village and civil parish in Shropshire, also bordering Staffordshire in England. It is located between the towns of Shifnal, Newport and Brewood. It is near junction 3 of the M54 motorway and A41 road. The population of the village which was included in the civil parish at the 2011 census was 243. The village is also near to Weston Park and the village of Weston-under-Lizard.
Northport Public School
Northport Public School is a K-12 public school in Northport, Michigan, located at 104 Wing Street. It is one of seven high schools in Leelanau County. The K-12 enrollment comprises approximately 150 students. Northport is located in the Northport Public Schools school district. Northport offers classes for students in grades kindergarten–12. Additionally, students are given the option to dual enroll and attend classes at Northwestern Michigan College or the Traverse Bay Area Intermediate School District. In addition to the dual enrollment program,  AP Biology and English classes are offered.

Northwest Education Services
Northwest Education Services is an intermediate school district in Northern Michigan, USA. It provides services to schools, including sixteen public school districts, in the counties of Antrim, Benzie, Grand Traverse, Kalkaska, and Leelanau.
Netzschkau
Netzschkau (German pronunciation: [ˈnɛtʃkaʊ]) is a town in the Vogtlandkreis district, in the Free State of Saxony, in eastern Germany. It is situated 6 km southeast of Greiz, and 21 km southwest of Zwickau.

Vogtlandkreis
The Vogtlandkreis (German pronunciation: [ˈfoːktlantˌkʁaɪs]) is a Landkreis (rural district) in the southwest of Saxony, Germany, at the borders of Thuringia, Bavaria, and the Czech Republic. Neighbouring districts are (from south clockwise) Hof, Saale-Orla, Greiz, Zwickau, and Erzgebirgskreis. It is the southernmost district in the state.

Plauen is the administrative centre and largest city of the district. Other major cities (Große Kreisstädte) are Reichenbach im Vogtland, Auerbach, and Oelsnitz im Vogtland.
Epsilon Doradus
Epsilon Doradus, Latinized from ε Doradus, is a solitary star located in the southern constellation of Dorado. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.11. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 5.68 mas as measured from Earth, it is located roughly 570 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude of the star is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.09 due to interstellar dust.

This is a B-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of B6 V. It is a slowly pulsating B-type star with a mean longitudinal magnetic field strength of −64±26 G. With 4.31 times the mass of the Sun and 3.8 times the Sun's radius, it is about 85% of the way through its main sequence lifetime. The star is an estimated 210 million years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 17 km/s. Epsilon Doradus radiates 556 times the solar luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 13,212 K.

B-type main-sequence star
A B-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen-burning) star of spectral type B. The spectral luminosity class is given as V. These stars have from 2 to 18 times the mass of the Sun and surface temperatures between about 10,000 and 30,000 K.

B-type stars are luminous and blue-white. Their spectra have strong neutral helium absorption lines, which are most prominent at the B2 subclass, and moderately strong hydrogen lines. Examples include Regulus, Algol A and Acrux.
Human rights in the United Kingdom
Human rights in the United Kingdom concern the fundamental rights in law of every person in the United Kingdom. An integral part of the UK constitution, human rights derive from common law, from statutes such as Magna Carta, the Bill of Rights 1689 and the Human Rights Act 1998, from membership of the Council of Europe, and from international law.

Codification of human rights is recent, but the UK law had one of the world's longest human rights traditions. Today the main source of jurisprudence is the Human Rights Act 1998, which incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights into domestic litigation.

R (Reilly) v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions
R (Reilly and Wilson) v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions [2013] UKSC 68 is a United Kingdom constitutional law and labour law case that found the conduct of the Department for Work and Pensions "workfare" policy was unlawful. Caitlin Reilly, an unemployed geology graduate, and Jamieson Wilson, an unemployed driver, challenged the Jobcentre policy of making the unemployed work for private companies to get unemployment income. The outcome of the case affects over 3,000 claimants and entails around £130m unpaid benefits.
Claude Clegg
Claude Clegg (full name: Claude Andrew Clegg III) is a historian who specializes in the history of the African diaspora in the Americas. He is currently the Lyle V. Jones Distinguished Professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, with a joint appointment in African, African American, and Diaspora Studies.

Lyle Jones
Lyle Vincent Jones (March 11, 1924 – April 13, 2016) was an American psychologist known for his pioneering work in psychometrics. He was an early architect of the National Assessment of Educational Progress.
Sphere packing in a cylinder
Sphere packing in a cylinder is a three-dimensional packing problem with the objective of packing a given number of identical spheres inside a cylinder of specified diameter and length. For cylinders with diameters on the same order of magnitude as the spheres, such packings result in what are called columnar structures.

These problems are studied extensively in the context of biology, nanoscience, materials science, and so forth due to the analogous assembly of small particles (like cells and atoms) into cylindrical crystalline structures.

Sphere
A sphere (from Ancient Greek σφαῖρα, sphaîra) is a surface analogous to the circle, a curve. In solid geometry, a sphere is the set of points that are all at the same distance r from a given point in three-dimensional space. That given point is the center of the sphere, and the distance r is the sphere's radius. The earliest known mentions of spheres appear in the work of the ancient Greek mathematicians.

The sphere is a fundamental surface in many fields of mathematics. Spheres and nearly-spherical shapes also appear in nature and industry. Bubbles such as soap bubbles take a spherical shape in equilibrium. The Earth is often approximated as a sphere in geography, and the celestial sphere is an important concept in astronomy. Manufactured items including pressure vessels and most curved mirrors and lenses are based on spheres. Spheres roll smoothly in any direction, so most balls used in sports and toys are spherical, as are ball bearings.
Newry City F.C.
Newry City Football Club was a Northern Irish football club founded in 1918 and dissolved in 2012. It was based in Newry, County Down and played its home matches at the Showgrounds. Club colours were blue and white. The club was relegated from the IFA Premiership in the 2010–11 season, and after narrowly missing out on promotion back to the top tier the following season, was dissolved in September 2012, when a winding up petition brought against the club by former player and manager Gerry Flynn was granted, and the club decided not to appeal the decision.

The formation of a new club called Newry City AFC was finalised in March 2013, with the club starting life in the Mid-Ulster Football League for the 2013–14 season, reaching the NIFL Championship for the 2017–18 season.

Irish Intermediate Cup
The Irish Intermediate Cup is a Northern Irish football competition for teams of intermediate status, including NIFL Premiership reserve sides. It is a straight knock-out tournament and is currently sponsored by McCombs Coach Travel.

The current holders are Crumlin Star.
Howard Vaughan
John Howard Vaughan CBE (14 November 1879 – 21 August 1955), known as Howard, was an Australian politician. He was a member of the South Australian Legislative Council from 1912 to 1918, representing the United Labor Party (1912–1917) and the National Party (1917–1918). He served as the Attorney-General of South Australia from 1915 to 1917.

In the 1917 Labor split, Vaughan was expelled along with his brother, Premier Crawford Vaughan, and joined the new National Party. Upon the defeat of the Vaughan ministry in July 1917, Vaughan did not nominate for a position in the new coalition ministry of Archibald Peake, and enlisted to serve in World War I. He was controversially opposed at the 1918 election while away on active service, and being unable to campaign was defeated by Labor candidate Tom Gluyas.

Vaughan was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1932.

Archibald Peake
Archibald Henry Peake (15 January 1859 – 6 April 1920) was an Australian politician. He was Premier of South Australia on three occasions: from 1909 to 1910 for the Liberal and Democratic Union, and from 1912 to 1915 and 1917 to 1920 for its successor, the Liberal Union. He had also been Treasurer and Attorney-General in the Price-Peake coalition government from 1905 to 1909.