hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Regular Polytopes (book)
Regular Polytopes is a geometry book on regular polytopes written by Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter. It was originally published by Methuen in 1947 and by Pitman Publishing in 1948, with a second edition published by Macmillan in 1963 and a third edition by Dover Publications in 1973.
The Basic Library List Committee of the Mathematical Association of America has recommended that it be included in undergraduate mathematics libraries.

Euler characteristic
In mathematics, and more specifically in algebraic topology and polyhedral combinatorics, the Euler characteristic (or Euler number, or Euler–Poincaré characteristic) is a topological invariant, a number that describes a topological space's shape or structure regardless of the way it is bent. It is commonly denoted by  (Greek lower-case letter chi).

The Euler characteristic was originally defined for polyhedra and used to prove various theorems about them, including the classification of the Platonic solids. It was stated for Platonic solids in 1537 in an unpublished manuscript by Francesco Maurolico. Leonhard Euler, for whom the concept is named, introduced it for convex polyhedra more generally but failed to rigorously prove that it is an invariant. In modern mathematics, the Euler characteristic arises from homology and, more abstractly, homological algebra.
Millbridge, Western Australia
Millbridge is a northeastern suburb of Bunbury, Western Australia, adjoining Eaton 9 km from the centre of Bunbury. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 2,736. Its local government area is the Shire of Dardanup.

Shire of Dardanup
The Shire of Dardanup is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia, immediately to the east and southeast of the City of Bunbury and about 180 kilometres (112 mi) south of the state capital, Perth. The Shire covers an area of 526.6 square kilometres (203.3 sq mi), and its seat of government is in Eaton in Bunbury's eastern suburbs.
The Suicide File
The Suicide File was an American hardcore punk band from Boston that formed in April 2001. The band wrote songs mostly about social and personal problems. Most of the band's output was released on the Southern California-based hardcore label Indecision Records. The band reunited in June 2006 to embark on their first European Tour. Members of the bands are or have been affiliated with The Hope Conspiracy, Death By Stereo, When Tigers Fight, Adamantium, American Nightmare, Clouds, Panic and many more. Most of these are bands with whom Alexander has drummed for short periods of time. Despite their short tenure, The Suicide File continues to be revered within the hardcore punk community for their musical output and lasting impression on the flourishing Boston hardcore scene. The band since 2006 has played a small number of successfully sized reunion sets.

American Nightmare (band)
American Nightmare (briefly known as Give Up the Ghost) is an American hardcore punk band from Boston, Massachusetts. They have released three albums, one EP and a compilation of earlier released material under the name American Nightmare.
Barnacle Bill (1957 film)
Barnacle Bill (U.S. title: All at Sea) is a 1957 Ealing Studios comedy film directed by Charles Frend and starring Alec Guinness.  It  was written by T. E. B. Clarke. Guinness plays an unsuccessful Royal Navy officer and six of his maritime ancestors.

This was the final Ealing comedy (although some sources list Davy (1958) as the last), and the last film Guinness made for Ealing Studios.

Davy (film)
Davy is a 1958 British comedy-drama film directed by Michael Relph and starring Harry Secombe, Alexander Knox and Ron Randell. It was written by WIlliam Rose. It was the last comedy to be made by Ealing Studios and was the first British film in Technirama. Davy was intended to launch the solo career of Harry Secombe, who was already a popular British radio personality on The Goon Show, but it was only moderately successful.

Secombe said it "was to be my big chance to score a success in films, something I had longed to do ever since I started in the business. My previous attempts at becoming a film star were pretty poor to put it mildly."
Reference Re Upper Churchill Water Rights Reversion Act (Nfld)
Reference Re Upper Churchill Water Rights Reversion Act (Nfld) [1984] 1 S.C.R. 297 is a famous constitutional reference question put to the Supreme Court of Canada. The Court found that legislation passed by the government of Newfoundland to take back water rights contracted out to the province of Quebec was unconstitutional. The decision had a huge impact on both provinces, as the Churchill Falls generating station is one of the largest producers of hydro-electric power in Canada and the agreement guarantees Quebec will receive a majority of the revenue from the Falls until 2034.

Ultra vires
Ultra vires is a Latin phrase used in law to describe an act that requires legal authority but is done without it. Its opposite, an act done under proper authority, is intra vires. Acts that are intra vires may equivalently be termed "valid", and those that are ultra vires termed "invalid".

Legal issues relating to ultra vires can arise in a variety of contexts:

Companies and other legal persons sometimes have limited legal capacity to act, and attempts to engage in activities beyond their legal capacities may be ultra vires. Most countries have restricted the doctrine of ultra vires in relation to companies by statute.

Similarly, statutory and governmental bodies may have limits upon the acts and activities which they legally engage in.

Subordinate legislation which is purported passed without the proper legal authority may be invalid as beyond the powers of the authority which issued it.
Jacob Dingee House
Jacob Dingee House is a historic home located at Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware. It was built about 1771, and is an example of an 18th-century urban residence continually occupied by working families.  It is a two-story, brick dwelling consisting of a 17 feet, 5 inches wide by 24 feet deep main block connected to a 13 feet, 8 inch wide, and 31 feet deep rear wing by a 10 feet wide, 6 feet long connector wing.  It is adjacent to the Obidiah Dingee House.  In 1976, it was moved from its original location at 105 E. 7th Street to Willingtown Square of the Delaware Historical Society.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.

Delaware Historical Society
The Delaware Historical Society began in 1864 as an effort to preserve documents from the Civil War.  Since then, it has expanded into a statewide historical institution with several buildings, including Old Town Hall and the Delaware History Museum, in Wilmington and the historic Read House & Gardens in New Castle.

The society participates in joint marketing with the Delaware Tourism Office, the Greater Wilmington Convention & Visitors Bureau, and the Brandywine Museums & Gardens Alliance.
Sheffield Ingalls
Sheffield Ingalls (March 28, 1875 – January 17, 1937) was a banker, attorney and Republican politician in the state of Kansas. He served as the 20th Lieutenant Governor of Kansas from 1913 to 1915 serving under Governor George H. Hodges.  Outside politics he was a successful investor and banker in Atchison, Kansas. He served in the Kansas House of Representatives. His father John James Ingalls was also a Kansas legislator.

He was a graduate of the University of Kansas in the class of 1895 and served as chairman of the Alumni association from 1905 to 1906 and again from 1928 to 1929.  In 1916, he published a book titled The History of Atchison, Kansas.

Ingalls died in 1937, he was buried in Mount Vernon Cemetery in Atchison, Kansas.

Lieutenant Governor of Kansas
The lieutenant governor of Kansas is the second-ranking member of the executive branch of Kansas state government. The lieutenant governor is elected on a ticket with the governor for a four-year term. The lieutenant governor succeeds to the office of governor if the office becomes vacant, and also serves as acting governor if the governor is incapacitated or absent from the state.
HMS Choudri
Haji Mohammad Siddiq Choudri MBE (Urdu: حاجى محمد صديق چودھری; b. 1912—27 February 2004), popularly known as HMS Choudhri, was a Pakistan Navy admiral who was the first native Commander in Chief of Pakistan Navy.

In 1953, he was appointed as second Commander-in-Chief after taking over the command from Royal Navy's Rear Admiral J.W. Jefford, and served under two Governor-Generals from 1953 to 1956, and then under President Iskander Mirza from 1956 until 1959. He resigned from his command due to differences regarding the navy's plans of modernization and to end the interservice rivalry with Army GHQ, Pakistan MoD, and the Presidency on 26 January 1959. He was one of the only few military officials who resigned from their commission over the disagreement with the civilian government and was eventually succeeded by Vice-Admiral A. R. Khan on 28 February 1959.

He died on 27 February 2004 and was buried in military graveyard in Karachi with full military honors.

Ministry of Finance (Pakistan)
The Ministry of Finance is a cabinet-level ministry of the government of Pakistan that is in charge of government finance, fiscal policy, and financial regulation. A Finance Minister, an executive or cabinet position heads it.
The Minister is responsible each year for presenting the federal government's budget to the Parliament of Pakistan.
Namiki-dōri (Hiroshima)
Namiki-dōri (並木通り) is one of the fashionable shopping streets in Hiroshima, Japan.

The street runs about 400 meters from north to south and connected to Hondori at the north end and Peace Boulevard at the south end.

Peace Boulevard (Hiroshima)
Peace Boulevard (平和大通り, Heiwa Ōdōri) is one of the main streets in Hiroshima, Japan, which faces the south side of Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park.

The street is 100 metres (330 ft) wide and runs 3.6 kilometres (2.2 miles) from east to west, between Tsurumi-cho and Fukushima-cho within the green belt.

There are 5 bridges connecting to the street including the west and east Peace Bridges by Isamu Noguchi.

The west-end bridge connects to "Nishi Hiroshima Station" and the east-end bridge connects to "Hijiyama Park"
Cora corani
Cora corani is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in Bolivia, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Robert Lücking, Eduardo Morales, and Manuela Dal Forno. The specific epithet corani refers to the type locality in the Corani Lake reservoir, the only place the lichen is known to occur. Here it grows on the ground over bryophytes and with other lichens.

Basidiolichen
Basidiolichens are lichenized members of the division Basidiomycota within the subkingdom Dikarya of the kingdom Fungi. They form a diverse yet much smaller group of lichens than the far more common ascolichens of the division Ascomycota. Owing to how few described species there are, basidiolichens are generally considered to be poorly researched, and few studies that characterize their natural products exist. Biogeographically, basidiolichen species may be distributed in a cosmopolitan manner or more regionally, ranging from arctic and montane habitats to more temperate and tropical environments. Morphologically, basidiocarp (fruiting body) and thallus (vegetative tissue) structures may vary widely within and between basidiolichen genera.
Ali Al-Salem Al-Sabah
Sheikh Ali Al-Salem Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah (Arabic: الشيخ علي السالم المبارك الصباح; 1898–1928) was a military commander and the son of the ninth ruler of Kuwait, Sheikh Salem Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah, and his wife, Sheikha Latifa Hamoud Sabah Al-Sabah. He was killed in the Battle of Al-Regeai in 1928.

Salim Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah
Salim Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah (Arabic: الشيخ سالم المبارك الصباح; 1864 – 23 February 1921) was the ninth ruler of the Sheikhdom of Kuwait.

The second son of Mubarak I he is the progenitor of the Al-Salim branch of the Al-Sabah family ruling from 5 February 1917 to 23 February 1921 after succeeding his brother Jabir II. Before becoming ruler, Salim was the governor of Kuwait City between 1915 and 1917, as well as the chief cavalry and infantry commander during the 1920 Battle of Jahra. His rule was succeeded by Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah following his death in February 1921.
Zola Nombona
Zola Nombona (born 10 March 1991) is a South African actress best known for her role as Shado, a streetwise teenager, in the second season of the SABC 1 drama series Intersexions in 2013.  In 2021 the actress joined Generations: The Legacy playing the character of Pamela Khoza; a vicious journalist and wife of Siyanda Khoza opposite Vusi Kunene, Manaka Ranaka and Abigail Kubheka-Molefe. In 2023 Zola was cast as lead actor in Mzansi Magic new telenovela My Brother's Keeper opposite Wiseman Mncube and Lindani Nkosi.

Manaka Ranaka
Manaka Ranaka (born 6 April 1979) is a South African actress known for playing her starring role for long standing soap opera  Generations: The Legacy. In 2000, she played the role of Nandipha Sithole on Isidingo soap opera aired on SABC 3.

In 2007, she won the South African Film and Television Award (SAFTA) for Best Actress in a Television Comedy.
Hansa-Brandenburg W.16
The Hansa-Brandenburg W.16 was a single-seat floatplane fighter designed by the Hansa-Brandenburg Aircraft Company (Hansa Brandenburgische Flugzeugwerke) for the Imperial German Navy's (Kaiserliche Marine) Naval Air Service (Marine-Fliegerabteilung) during World War I. Three prototypes were ordered in 1916, but its performance did not justify a production order.

Rotary engine
The rotary engine is an early type of internal combustion engine, usually designed with an odd number of cylinders per row in a radial configuration. The engine's crankshaft remained stationary in operation, while the entire crankcase and its attached cylinders rotated around it as a unit. Its main application was in aviation, although it also saw use in a few early motorcycles and automobiles.

This type of engine was widely used as an alternative to conventional inline engines (straight or V) during World War I and the years immediately preceding that conflict. It has been described as "a very efficient solution to the problems of power output, weight, and reliability".

By the early 1920s, the inherent limitations of this type of engine had rendered it obsolete.
Stade Maurice Dufrasne
The Stade Maurice Dufrasne (French pronunciation: [mɔʁis dyfʁan]) is a football stadium in Liège, Belgium. The stadium holds 27,670 people. It is also known as Stade de Sclessin, from the name of the quarter of Liège where it is located, and is the home stadium of Standard Liège. Belgium have also played here, notably against Estonia in September 2008 in a 2010 World Cup Qualifier and against Gibraltar on 31 August 2017 in a World Cup Qualifier. The stadium hosted one Euro 1972 match and three Euro 2000 matches.

The stadium's namesake, Maurice Dufrasne, was Chairman of Royal Standard de Liège from 1909 (when the stadium was built) until 1931. He was known to take players to his home and cook them a meal if they played well, especially at home fixtures.

UEFA Euro 1972
The 1972 UEFA European Football Championship final tournament was held in Belgium. This was the fourth UEFA European Championship, held every four years and endorsed by UEFA. The final tournament took place between 14 and 18 June 1972.

Only four countries played in the final tournament, with the tournament consisting of the semi-finals, a third place play-off, and the final.

The hosts were only announced after the qualifying round, which meant all teams had to participate in the qualification process for the final stage. Belgium was chosen among three candidates; the other bids came from England and Italy, whose teams did not reach the semi-finals.

West Germany won the tournament, beating the Soviet Union 3–0 in the final, with goals coming from Gerd Müller (twice) and Herbert Wimmer at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels.
Lázaro Cárdenas, Quintana Roo
Lázaro Cárdenas (Spanish: [ˈlasaɾo ˈkaɾðenas] ⓘ) is one of the eleven municipalities that make up the Mexican state of Quintana Roo. Its municipal seat is the town of Kantunilkín, which was founded on 10 October 1859. Its borders are, to the west, the municipalities of Tizimín and Chemax in the state of Yucatán, to the east the municipalities of Isla Mujeres and Benito Juárez, and to the south Solidaridad.

It is named after Lázaro Cárdenas del Río who was President of Mexico from 1934 to 1940.

Isla Mujeres Municipality
Isla Mujeres (Spanish pronunciation: ['isla mu'xeɾes], Spanish for Island of the Women) is one of the eleven municipalities of the Mexican state of Quintana Roo, located on the Yucatán Peninsula. Most of the municipality is located on the mainland in the northeastern corner of the state. Its municipal seat, also called Isla Mujeres, is a small town on the island from which it takes its name. It is located about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northeast of Cancún in the Caribbean Sea, and it is the easternmost municipal seat in Mexico. As of the 2010, 2019 census, the town had a population of 22,686 inhabitants.
Terri Harper
Terri Harper (born 2 November 1996) is a British professional boxer. She has held world championships in three weight classes including the World Boxing Organization (WBO) female lightweight title since September 2024, and previously the World Boxing Council (WBC) female super featherweight title from 2020 to 2021, and the World Boxing Association (WBA) and International Boxing Organization (IBO) female light middleweight titles from 2022 to 2024. She became the second British woman after Nicola Adams to win a major world championship.

Sheffield Arena
Sheffield Arena, known for sponsorship purposes as Utilita Arena Sheffield, is a multi-purpose arena located in Sheffield, England. It is situated near Meadowhall and lies between Sheffield city centre and Rotherham town centre.

Opened in 1991, it is used for concerts and sporting events, and is also home to the Sheffield Steelers ice hockey club. Attendance for all events at the venue has totalled around 14 million since its opening. It has a maximum capacity of 13,600.
Erie County Democratic Committee
The Erie County Democratic Committee (ECDC) is a regional affiliate of the Democratic Party in Erie County, New York.

It is the dominant party within the county, accounting for 44.5% of all registered voters. Comparatively, the Erie County Republican Committee holds 25.5% of the electorate.

Mirroring the national Democratic Party, the committee in its present form represents modern liberalism. It has, however, experienced periods of upheaval where factions within the organization fought against social progress. This includes the Cleveland-Jefferson Club's takeover of the organization in 1926, and four-term mayor James D. Griffin switching party affiliations to retaliate against the committee. Party support dividing in the 1980s between Griffin's conservative South Buffalo base and their rival centrist opponents is a dynamic which still exists to this day.

Jeremy Zellner is the current chairman of the committee, having served since 2012.

Erie County Executive
The county executive of Erie County, New York, is the chief executive officer and administrative head of the county government. As per Article 3 Section 301 of the Erie County Charter, the executive manages the county business, directs the internal organization of administrative units which the executive has the power to appoint, and is the chief budget officer of the county. The office has existed under Erie County's charter since 1962. To date, eight individuals have served in the position.

The executive is elected to a four-year term. Incumbent Mark Poloncarz is the only county executive to have successfully won four consecutive terms. The executive offices are located in Buffalo, New York, which is also the county seat.
Nogales, Sonora
Nogales (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈɾoj.ka noˈɣa.les]), also known formally as Heroica Nogales, is a city in the Mexican state of Sonora. It is located in the north of the state on the U.S. border, and is abutted on its north by the city of Nogales, Arizona. It serves as the seat of the surrounding municipality of Nogales.

The name Nogales is the Spanish term for "walnut trees". The municipality reported a population of 264,782 in the 2020 census. By 2024, the city had been estimated to have surpassed 300,000 inhabitants.

Maquiladora
A maquiladora (Spanish: [makilaˈðoɾa]), or maquila (IPA: [maˈkila]) is a factory that is largely duty-free and tariff-free. These factories take raw materials and assemble, manufacture, or process them and export the finished product. These factories and systems are present throughout Latin America, including Mexico, Paraguay, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. Maquiladoras date back to 1964, when the Mexican government introduced the Programa de Industrialización Fronteriza ('Border Industrialization Program'). Specific programs and laws have made Mexico's maquila industry grow rapidly.
Sunburst (dinghy)
The Sunburst is a two-handed, 3.5 metres (11 ft) centreboard sailing dinghy.  It was designed in the late 1960s in New Zealand by John Balmain Brooke, where it was to become one of the most popular classes of boat.  It is popular as a craft for teaching beginner sailors, and is used in races in New Zealand.

Although designed as a two-person boat, a Sunburst can easily be sailed by a single person in light to moderate conditions using just the mainsail only, or mainsail and jib.  The Sunburst is usually rigged with a mainsail, jib and spinnaker.  Construction is of wood or fiberglass, with a minimum hull weight of 77 kg.  National Regattas are held annually

Dinghy
A dinghy  is a type of small boat, often carried or towed by a larger vessel for use as a tender. Utility dinghies are usually rowboats or have an outboard motor.  Some are rigged for sailing but they differ from sailing dinghies, which are designed first and foremost for sailing.  A dinghy's main use is for transfers from larger boats, especially when the larger boat cannot dock at a suitably-sized port or marina.

The term "dinghy towing" sometimes is used to refer to the practice of towing a car or other smaller vehicle behind a motorhome, by analogy to towing a dinghy behind a yacht.
Lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary
The lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (referred to as the LAB by geophysicists) represents a mechanical difference between layers in Earth's inner structure. Earth's inner structure can be described both chemically (crust, mantle, and core) and mechanically. The lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary lies between Earth's cooler, rigid lithosphere and the warmer, ductile asthenosphere. The actual depth of the boundary is still a topic of debate and study, although it is known to vary according to the environment. The following overview follows the chapters in the research monograph by Irina Artemieva on "The Lithosphere".

Asthenosphere
The asthenosphere (from Ancient Greek  ἀσθενός (asthenós) 'without strength') is the mechanically weak and ductile region of the upper mantle of Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at a depth between c. 80 and 200 km (50 and 120 mi) below the surface, and extends as deep as 700 km (430 mi). However, the lower boundary of the asthenosphere is not well defined.

The asthenosphere is almost solid, but a slight amount of melting (less than 0.1% of the rock) contributes to its mechanical weakness. More extensive decompression melting of the asthenosphere takes place where it wells upwards, and this is the most important source of magma on Earth. It is the source of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) and of some magmas that erupt above subduction zones or in regions of continental rifting.