hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1959 Biên Hòa compound raid
On 8 July 1959, six Viet Cong guerrillas attacked a Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG) compound in Biên Hòa, a town about 20 miles (32 km) northeast of Saigon. Major Dale R. Buis (visiting from MAAG 5) and Master Sergeant Chester M. Ovnand (MAAG 7) would be among the first Americans killed in the Vietnam War. Two South Vietnamese guards were killed by the guerrillas. After the incident, MAAG personnel began carrying weapons.

Biên Hòa
Biên Hòa (Northern accent: listenⓘ, Southern accent: listenⓘ) is a former city in Vietnam and was the capital city of Đồng Nai Province. Situated northeast of Ho Chi Minh City (also known as Saigon), Biên Hòa is connected to it via Hanoi Highway (part of National Route 1). As a class-1 provincial city, it is the sixth largest city in Vietnam by population.

Biên Hòa ceased to exist as a municipal city on 1 July 2025, following the elimination of district level units in Vietnam, and became a part of the Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area.
Allas Sea Pool
Allas Pool is a marine spa and lido in Katajanokka, Helsinki, Finland. It was opened on 1 September 2016 on the site of the former Kanavaterminaali building. The spa has three pools built on top of the sea: a children's pool, a warm pool and a seawater pool, as well as a sauna and a café. The main building of Allas Sea Pool was completed in spring 2017. The building has a roof terrace spanning its entire roof. With 1,500 places, Allas Pool is the largest terrace in Helsinki.

The spa is intended to be open all year round.

Spa
A spa is a location where mineral-rich spring water (sometimes seawater) is used to give medicinal baths. Spa health treatments are known as balneotherapy. The belief in the curative powers of mineral waters and hot springs goes back to prehistoric times. Spa towns, spa resorts, and day spas are popular worldwide, but are especially widespread in Europe and Japan.
Parish of Currandooly
Currandooly Parish is a civil parish of Murray County, New South Wales.

Currandooly Parish is located at 35°14′54″S 149°30′04″E﻿ / ﻿35.24833°S 149.50111°E﻿ / -35.24833; 149.50111, on Butmaroo Creek, just outside of Bungendore, on the southern shore of Lake George.

Lake George (New South Wales)
Lake George (or Weereewa or Ngungara in the Ngunnawal language) is an endorheic lake in south-eastern New South Wales, Australia. It is approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) north-east of Canberra located adjacent to the Federal Highway en route to Canberra and Sydney. Lake George is also the name of a locality on the western and southern edges of the lake, within the area of the Queanbeyan–Palerang Regional Council.
Corio Soccer Club
Corio Soccer Club is an Australian semi-professional soccer club in Bell Park, Geelong, Australia.

Corio's senior men's team currently competes in the Victorian State League 1.

Junior teams play in the local football competitions run by the Geelong Regional Football Committee.

Victorian State League
The Victorian State League (VSL), known as the VETO Sports State League for sponsorship reasons, is an Australian soccer league based in Victoria. It is administered by Football Victoria, covering the fourth-to-eighth-highest tiers in the Victorian soccer league system (and the fifth-to-ninth-highest nationally).

As of 2026, it consists of seven divisions (separated by two zones, North/West and South/East). Each division would have 24 teams, with 12 in each division. Mazenod FC would withdraw from the VETO State League 1 South/East on the 23rd of January 2026 leaving the State League 1 with only 23 teams. Clubs promoted from VSL 1 enter the Victorian Premier League (VPL). There is no relegation from the State League 7.
Mount Pennell
Mount Pennell is a prominent 11,413-foot (3,478 m) elevation summit located in eastern Garfield County, Utah, United States. Mount Pennell is the second-highest mountain in the Henry Mountains, following Mount Ellen, 10.6 miles to the north. It is situated in a dry, rugged, and sparsely settled region east of Capitol Reef National Park, on primitive land administered by the Bureau of Land Management. Several deep canyons cut the sides of the mountain, which on the higher slopes supports oak, Ponderosa pine, subalpine fir, spruce, Douglas fir, and aspen. Precipitation runoff from this mountain drains into tributaries of the nearby Colorado River.

Laccolith
A laccolith is a body of intrusive rock with a dome-shaped upper surface and a level base, fed by a conduit from below. A laccolith forms when magma (molten rock) rising through the Earth's crust begins to spread out horizontally, prying apart the host rock strata. The pressure of the magma is high enough that the overlying strata are forced upward, giving the laccolith its dome-like form.

Over time, erosion can expose the solidified laccolith, which is typically more resistant to weathering than the host rock. The exposed laccolith then forms a hill or mountain. The Henry Mountains of Utah, US, are an example of a mountain range composed of exposed laccoliths. It was here that geologist Grove Karl Gilbert carried out pioneering field work on this type of intrusion. Laccolith mountains have since been identified in many other parts of the world.

Laccolith

Small dike

Batholith

Dike

Sill

Volcanic neck, pipe

Lopolith
Lists of books based on Doctor Who
Lists of books based on Doctor Who cover different types of book in the Doctor Who media franchise.
These include novels, audiobooks, and short story anthologies. The lists are organized by publisher and imprint.

Companion (Doctor Who)
In the long-running BBC television science fiction programme Doctor Who and related works, the term "companion" refers to a character who travels with, or shares adventures with, the Doctor. A companion is generally the series' co-lead character alongside the Doctor for the duration of their tenure, and in most Doctor Who stories acts as an audience surrogate by providing the lens through which the viewer is introduced to the story, and often, the series itself.

The companion character often furthers the story by asking questions and getting into trouble; also by helping, rescuing, or challenging the Doctor. This designation is applied to a character by the show's producers and appears in the BBC's promotional material and off-screen fictional terminology. The Doctor also refers to the show's other leads as their "friends" or "assistants"; the British press have also used the latter term.
Hesse-Wanfried
The mini-state Hesse-Wanfried existed from about 1700 to 1731. It was a principality (Landgraviate) of the Holy Roman Empire in the area of the today's Land of Hesse.  Governed by a cadet line of the House of Hesse under the sovereignty of the land of Hesse-Kassel.

Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
Maurice of Hesse-Kassel (German: Moritz; 25 May 1572 – 15 March 1632), also called Maurice the Learned or Moritz, was the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) in the Holy Roman Empire from 1592 to 1627.
LBX2
Ladybird homeobox 2 (LBX2) is a protein that is encoded by the LBX2 gene, located on the second chromosome in humans, and on the sixth chromosome in mice.

LBX2 belongs to the homeobox gene family, which plays important roles in embryonic development and tissue differentiation. The protein encoded by LBX2 functions as a transcription factor and is expressed in various tissues, including the heart, skeletal muscle, and nervous system. LBX2 is involved in the regulation of cardiac development, particularly in the formation of the atrial septum. Mutations or dysregulation of LBX2 have been associated with an increased risk of congenital heart defects, specifically atrial septal defects.

LBX2 plays a significant role in the development of various organs, such as the heart, and has been implicated in the growth of certain cancers.

Chromosome 2
Chromosome 2 is one of the twenty-three pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 2 is the second-largest human chromosome, spanning more than 242 million base pairs and representing almost eight percent of the total DNA in human cells.

Chromosome 2 contains the HOXD homeobox gene cluster.
Peter Queally (hurler)
Peter Queally (born 1970) is an Irish hurling manager and former dual player who has been manager of the Waterford senior team since 2024. He played for club sides Newtown/Ballydurn, Sarsfields and Glanmire and was also a member of both Waterford senior teams over a 15-year period.

Waterford Intermediate Football Championship
Waterford Intermediate Football Championship is a second tier Gaelic Athletic Association competition between Gaelic football clubs organised by Waterford GAA. The winning club is eligible to play in the senior grade the following year for the Waterford Senior Football Championship. The winning club also represents Waterford GAA in the Munster Intermediate Club Football Championship. Each of the two divisions of Waterford GAA - East Division and West Division - organises its own competition, with the two winners contesting the county final.
Richard Bellamy (philosopher)
Richard Bellamy FBA FAcSS MAE (born 15 June 1957) is a British political philosopher and Professor of Political Science at University College London. He is best known for his historical work on the Italian tradition of legal and political thought and his own writings in legal and political philosophy.
Bellamy won the David and Elaine Spitz Prize in 2009 for his book Political Constitutionalism: a Republican Defence of the Constitutionality of Democracy. In 2012 he was awarded the Serena Medal by the British Academy, given 'for eminent services towards the furtherance of the study of Italian history, philosophy or music, literature, art, or economics.' Bellamy has been the lead editor of the Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy (CRISPP) since 2003. He was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS) in 2008, a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA) in 2022, and a Member of the Academia Europaea (MAE) in 2024.

Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences
The Fellowship of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS) is an award granted by the Academy of Social Sciences to leading academics, policy-makers, and practitioners of the social sciences.

Fellows were previously known as Academicians and used the post-nominal letter "AcSS". This was changed in July 2014 to bring the academy in line with other British learned societies.
Sorites paradox
The sorites paradox (/soʊˈraɪtiːz/), sometimes known as the paradox of the heap, is a paradox that results from vague predicates. A typical formulation involves a heap of sand, from which grains are removed individually. With the assumption that removing a single grain does not cause a heap not to be considered a heap anymore, the paradox is to consider what happens when the process is repeated enough times that only one grain remains and if it is still a heap. If not, then the question asks when it changed from a heap to a non-heap.

Predicate (grammar)
The term predicate is used in two ways in linguistics and its subfields. The first defines a predicate as everything in a standard declarative sentence except the subject, and the other defines it as only the main content verb or associated predicative expression of a clause. Thus, by the first definition, the predicate of the sentence Frank likes cake is likes cake, while by the second definition, it is only the content verb likes, and Frank and cake are the arguments of this predicate. The conflict between these two definitions can lead to confusion.
Oleg Babak
Oleg Babak (Russian: Олег Яковлевич Бабак; 25 February 1967 - 7 April 1991) was a Ukrainian MVD Lieutenant and posthumous Hero of the Soviet Union. He has the distinction of being the last Soviet officer to die in the line of duty that was given the Hero of the Soviet Union award.

Although it was the second last of the 12,775 medals issued it was officially the last proper Soviet-era award before the USSR was dissolved in December 1991. The last medal was awarded on 16 January 1992 to Captain 3rd Rank Leonid Solodkov, but by that time the USSR had not existed as a state for 22 days.

He was deputy commander of 11th (currently - Commandant) company for political affairs which was part of the 21st Brigade serving as an operational appointment of the Internal Troops of the Ministry for Internal Affairs of the USSR.

Leonid Solodkov
Leonid Mikhailovich Solodkov (Russian: Леонид Михайлович Солодков; born 10 April 1958) is a retired Russian Navy Captain 2nd rank and a Hero of the Soviet Union. Solodkov was awarded the title on 24 December 1991 for his work on diving equipment. Solodkov is the last person awarded the title, having received it two days before the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Mary Pellatt
Mary Pellatt, Lady Pellatt (née Dodgson; April 16, 1857 – April 15, 1924) was a Canadian philanthropist who served as the first Chief Commissioner of the Girl Guides of Canada. She was awarded the Silver Fish Award in 1922.

Silver Fish Award
The Silver Fish Award is the highest adult award in Girlguiding. It is awarded for outstanding service to Girlguiding combined with service to world Guiding. The award has changed greatly since it first appeared in 1911, initially being awarded to girls on completion of a number of badges, then via numerous stages to the highest award in the Guiding movement worldwide, and then on to its position as a Girlguiding award.
IIT Indore
The Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IIT Indore or IITI) is an Institute of national importance located in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. IIT Indore was founded in the year 2009. It was one of the eight new Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) started by the government of India in the year 2009. IIT Indore is officially recognized as an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India.

Ministry of Education (India)
The Ministry of Education (MoE) is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education. The ministry is further divided into two departments: the Department of School Education and Literacy, which deals with primary, secondary and higher secondary education, adult education and literacy, and the Department of Higher Education, which deals with university level education, technical education, scholarships, etc.

The current education minister is Dharmendra Pradhan, a member of the Council of Ministers. India has had a Ministry of Education since 1947. In 1985, the Rajiv Gandhi government changed its name to the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), and with the newly drafted "National Education Policy 2020" by the Narendra Modi government, the Ministry of Human Resource Development was renamed back to the Ministry of Education.
Sumi gaeshi
Sumi Gaeshi (隅返) is one of the original 40 throws of Judo as developed by Jigoro Kano. It belongs to the fourth group,

Dai Yonkyo, of the traditional throwing list, Gokyo-no-Nagewaza, of Kodokan Judo. It is also part of the current 67 Throws of Kodokan Judo. It is classified as a rear sacrifice technique, Sutemi-waza.

Throw (grappling)
In martial arts, a throw is a grappling technique that involves off-balancing or lifting an opponent, and throwing them to the ground. Throws are a subset of takedown (grappling). In Japanese martial arts throws are referred to as nage waza, 投げ技, "throwing technique(s)".
2010–11 Inter Milan season
The 2010–11 season was Football Club Internazionale Milano's 102nd in existence and 95th consecutive season in the top flight of Italian football.

The team took part in the Serie A, UEFA Champions League and the Coppa Italia, as titles holders of all these competitions. Internazionale won the Supercoppa Italiana against Roma, the Club World Cup against TP Mazembe and the Coppa Italia against Palermo, but lost the UEFA Super Cup to Atlético Madrid.

TP Mazembe
Tout Puissant Mazembe, commonly referred to as TP Mazembe, is a Congolese professional football club based in Lubumbashi. They were the first African and the first outside of Europe and South America to play in a Club World Cup final, losing 3-0 against Inter Milan in the 2010 FIFA Club World Cup edition, finishing runners-up.
Adolphoduckea
Adolphoduckea maynensis is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Rubiaceae. It is a tree native to tropical South America, including Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Northern Brazil. It is the sole species in genus Adolphoduckea.

Its name is honour to brazilian botanist Adolpho Ducke.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology
The McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology is an English-language multivolume encyclopedia, specifically focused on scientific and technical subjects, and published by McGraw-Hill Education. The most recent edition in print is the eleventh edition, copyright 2012 (ISBN 9780071778343), comprising twenty volumes. The encyclopedia covers the life sciences and physical sciences, as well as engineering and technology topics.

There is also a one-volume McGraw-Hill Concise Encyclopedia of Science and Technology based on the full set. The sixth edition was published in May 2009 in twenty volumes including the "Index" (ISBN 9780071613668).

Further "Concise" editions for Chemistry or Engineering are available today.

The references work has been mentioned and reviewed too.

McGraw Hill Education
McGraw Hill, Inc. is an American education science company that provides educational content, software, and services for students and educators across various levels—from K-12 to higher education and professional settings. They produce textbooks, digital learning tools, and adaptive technology to enhance learning experiences and outcomes. It is one of the "big three" educational publishers along with Houghton Mifflin Harcourt and Pearson Education. McGraw Hill also publishes reference and trade publications for the medical, business, and engineering professions. Formerly a division of The McGraw Hill Companies (later renamed McGraw Hill Financial, now S&P Global), McGraw Hill Education was divested and acquired by Apollo Global Management in March 2013 for $2.4 billion in cash. McGraw Hill was sold in 2021 to Platinum Equity for $4.5 billion. The company is based in Columbus, Ohio.
Cordura
Cordura is a brand of synthetic fiber-based fabrics used in products such as luggage, backpacks, trousers, military wear, and performance apparel.

Cordura was developed and trademarked by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company (DuPont) in 1929; it is currently owned by Invista, a subsidiary of Koch Industries.

Invista
Invista (stylized as INVISTA) is a fiber, resin, and intermediates company headquartered in Wichita, Kansas, United States. It has about 10,000 employees in over 20 countries worldwide. The predecessor DuPont Textiles and Interiors was formed from  DuPont's textile fibers division in February 2003. The company was given the trademarked name INVISTA and was then sold to privately owned Koch Industries on April 30, 2004 for US$4.2 billion. Koch Industries combined the newly acquired organization with their KoSa subsidiary to complete the INVISTA company.
Foros de Amora
Foros de Amora is a locality of the parish of Amora, in the municipality of Seixal, Lisbon metropolitan area, Portugal. It is situated south of the A2 motorway. It is served by the railway station Foros de Amora, on the Fertagus railway from central Lisbon to Setúbal.

Seixal
Seixal (European Portuguese pronunciation: [sɐjˈʃal] ⓘ) is a Portuguese city and municipality, located in the district of Setúbal, in the metropolitan area of Lisbon. Its population includes 184,269 inhabitants (2011), in an area of 93.58 square kilometres (36.13 mi2) that includes six parishes. It is situated across the Tagus River estuary from Lisbon. Its seat is the city of Seixal, a centre of 31,600 inhabitants situated along the Rio Judeu.

The current mayor is Paulo Silva.
Akejan Kajegeldin
Äkejan Mağjanūly Qajygeldin (Kazakh: Әкежан Мағжанұлы Қажыгелдин, [ækʲeˈʒɑn mɑɣˈʒɑnʊɫɤ qɑʒɤˈgʲeldin] ⓘ; born 27 March 1952) is a Kazakh politician who served as the 2nd Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 12 October 1994 until his resignation on 10 October 1997, ostensibly for health reasons, though many saw it as an act protesting authoritarianism in Kazakhstan. He has accused President Nazarbayev of authoritarianism, nepotism, and indifference to violations of human rights.

Kajegeldin lives in the west in exile. Adam Albion of Radio Free Europe characterized Kajegeldin's efforts at democratizing Kazakhstan as "defiant, confrontational, and openly scornful of the idea" that Nursultan Nazarbayev, the President of Kazakhstan, "will ever share power willingly."

Government of Kazakhstan
The Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасының Үкіметі, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Ükımetı) is the collegial body that exercises executive power in the Republic of Kazakhstan; the government heads the system of executive bodies and directs their activities. The Government is formed by the President of Kazakhstan in the manner prescribed by the constitution. The current cabinet is headed by Oljas Bektenov, who was sworn in as Prime Minister on 6 February 2024.  The Government House is located on the left bank near Akorda at the House of Ministries at Mangilik el 8 ave in Astana. The length of the building is about 1.5 km. It consists of 20 blocks and has a stepped shape – from 8 to 10 floors. The total area of the facility is 228 thousand square meters. The outer walls are monolithic reinforced concrete, the finish is ceramic granite.
Betty Cameron
Corporal Betty Cameron (20 November 1918 - 1 April  2011 ) was an Australian World War II servicewoman and WAAAF activist.
Born as Elizabeth Katherine Twynam-Perkins, she was educated at Fort Street Girls' High School, Sydney and obtained her Leaving Certificate. From 1938 to 1940 she was a lady cubmaster.

Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force
The Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force  (WAAAF) was formed in March 1941 after considerable lobbying by women keen to serve, as well as by the Chief of the Air Staff, who wanted to release male personnel serving in Australia for service overseas. The WAAAF was the first and largest of the wartime Australian women's services. It was disbanded in December 1947.