hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012 McNeese State Cowboys football team
The 2012 McNeese State Cowboys football team represented McNeese State University as a member of the Southland Conference during the 2012 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by seventh-year head coach Matt Viator, the Cowboys compiled an overall record of 7–4 with a mark of 4–3 in conference play, tying for fourth place in the Southland. McNeese State played home games at Cowboy Stadium in Lake Charles, Louisiana.

Navarre Stadium
Navarre Stadium, formerly Cowboy Stadium, is a 17,610-seat multi-purpose stadium in Lake Charles, Louisiana. It is home to the McNeese Cowboys football team, and is affectionately referred to as "The Hole". It was transformed for the 2008 season to artificial turf. The playing surface is named Louis Bonnette Field, in honor of McNeese's longtime sports information director. Louis' son, Matthew, succeeded him in the post. The playing surface was replaced prior to the 2018 football season with Hellas Matrix turf. The $650,000 new surface as well as drainage improvements were funded by the same donor, Robert Noland, as for the 2008 installation.
Port Phillip District Wars
The Port Phillip District Wars is a name given to a series of violent encounters between European settlers and Aboriginal Australians in the Port Phillip District of Victoria. They included the:

Convincing Ground massacre

Battle of Broken River

Campaspe Plains massacre

the Blood Hole massacre

the Gippsland massacres

Mount Cottrell massacre

Battle of Broken River
36°32′56″S 145°58′30″E﻿ / ﻿36.548962°S 145.975074°E﻿ / -36.548962; 145.975074
The Battle of Broken River, also known as the Faithfull Massacre, sometimes spelt Faithful Massacre, took place in 1838 when 20 Aboriginal Australians attacked 18 European settlers, killing eight of them.

Reprisals against the Aboriginal people continued for many years afterwards, killing up to 100 people.
Lady Mary Fitzwilliam (née Butler)
Lady Mary Wentworth-FitzWilliam (7 March 1846 – 17 January 1929), born Lady Mary Grace Louisa Butler, was a British aristocrat and courtier who was a member of the prominent Fitzwilliam and Butler dynasties. She was the daughter of John Butler, 2nd Marquess of Ormonde and Frances Jane Paget, and the wife of politician Henry Wentworth-FitzWilliam, the second son of William Wentworth-FitzWilliam, 6th Earl FitzWilliam and Lady Frances Harriet Douglas. Prior to her marriage, she served in the household of Queen Victoria's Russian daughter-in-law, Maria, Duchess of Edinburgh. The Duchess' daughter Queen Marie of Romania described Lady Mary as "my mother's dearest friend...until the end of her life," in her memoirs.

Butler dynasty
Butler (Irish: de Buitléir) is the name of a Hiberno-Norman noble family whose members were, for several centuries, prominent in the administration of the Lordship of Ireland and the Kingdom of Ireland. They rose to their highest prominence as Dukes of Ormonde. The family has produced multiple titles such as Baron Cahir, Baron Dunboyne, Viscount Ikerrin, Viscount Galmoye, Viscount Mountgarret, Viscount Thurles, Earl of Carrick, Earl of Kilkenny, Earl of Ormond, Earl of Ossory, Marquess of Ormonde and Duke of Ormonde. Variant spellings of the name include le Boteler and le Botiller. The Butlers were descendants of Anglo-Norman lords who participated in the Norman invasion of Ireland in the 12th century. The surname has its origins in the hereditary office of "Butler (cup-bearer) of Ireland", originating with Theobald Walter, 1st Chief Butler of Ireland. The arms of later family members depicted three cups in recognition of their original office.
Harry Thuku
Harry Thuku (1895 – 14 June 1970) was a Kenyan born in Kiambu, Mìtahato village. As a politician, he was one of the pioneers in the development of modern African nationalism in Kenya. He helped found the Young Kikuyu Association and the East African Association before being arrested and exiled from 1922 to 1931. In 1932 he became President of the Kikuyu Central Association, in 1935 founded the Kikuyu Provincial Association, and in 1944 founded the Kenya African Study Union. Opposed to the Mau Mau movement, he later retired to coffee-farming.

Kiambu
Kiambu is a town in Kiambu County, Kenya. It is 14 km (8.7 mi) from the national capital, Nairobi. It is the capital of Kiambu County, which bounds the northern border of Nairobi. Other proximate towns are Ruiru, Gatundu, Limuru and Kabete.
Notch tensile strength
The notch tensile strength  (NTS) of a material is the value given by performing a standard tensile strength test on a notched specimen of the material.  The ratio between the NTS and the tensile strength is called the notch strength ratio (NSR).

Ultimate tensile strength
Ultimate tensile strength (also called UTS, tensile strength, TS, ultimate strength or  in notation) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. In brittle materials, the ultimate tensile strength is close to the yield point, whereas in ductile materials, the ultimate tensile strength can be higher.

The ultimate tensile strength is usually found by performing a tensile test and recording the engineering stress versus strain. The highest point of the stress–strain curve is the ultimate tensile strength and has units of stress. The equivalent point for the case of compression, instead of tension, is called the compressive strength.

Tensile strengths are rarely of any consequence in the design of ductile members, but they are important with brittle members. They are tabulated for common materials such as alloys, composite materials, ceramics, plastics, and wood.
Guy Dash
Guy Dash (Persian: گوي داش, also Romanized as Gūy Dāsh; also known as Garī Dāsh) is a village in Charuymaq-e Jonubegharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Charuymaq County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 213, in 34 families.

Charuymaq-e Jonubegharbi Rural District
Charuymaq-e Jonubegharbi Rural District (Persian: دهستان چاراويماق جنوب غربي) is in the Central District of Charuymaq County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Araskonay-e Sofla.
Nettelnburg
"Nettelnburg" (Low German: "Nettelnborg") is a district of Hamburg-Bergedorf, bordering Allermöhe and Neuallermöhe, situated in the western marshes along the Elbe River. Nettelnburg is not an independent district but a part of the Bergedorf quarter. In the 1920s, Old-Nettelnburg was built under the supervision of architect Fritz Winterfeldt.

Neuallermöhe
Neuallermöhe (German pronunciation: [ˌnɔʏʔalɐˈmøːə] ⓘ, lit. 'New Allermöhe', in contrast to Allermöhe) is a quarter of Hamburg, Germany, in the borough of Bergedorf. In 2020 the population was over 23,000.
Richard Eyre (priest)
Richard Montague Stephens Eyre (16 May 1929 – 12 December 2012) was an Anglican priest.  He was the Dean of Exeter from 1981 to 1995.

Eyre was educated at Charterhouse School and Oriel College, Oxford. He was ordained as an Anglican priest in 1957  and began his ministry as a curate at St Mark's Portsea, Portsmouth. After this, he was a tutor at Chichester Theological College then a chaplain at Eastbourne College. From 1965 to 1973, he was the Vicar of Arundel and from 1975 to 1981, the Archdeacon of Chichester, before his appointment as the Dean of Exeter.

Dean of Exeter
The Dean of Exeter is the head of the Chapter of Cathedral Church of Saint Peter in Exeter, England. The chapter was established by William Briwere, Bishop of Exeter (1224–44) who set up the offices of dean and chancellor of Exeter Cathedral, allowing the chapter to elect those officers. The deanery is at 10 The Close, Exeter. The current dean is Jonathan Greener.
South (Cardiff electoral ward)
South was the name of an original electoral ward in the south of the town and (from 1905) city of Cardiff, Wales. It elected representatives to Cardiff Town Council, Cardiff County Borough Council and the post-1974 Cardiff City Council. The ward ceased to exist in 1983.

Butetown
Butetown (or The Docks, Welsh: Tre-biwt) is a district and community in the south of the city of Cardiff, the capital of Wales. It was originally a model housing estate built in the early 19th century by the 2nd Marquess of Bute, for whose title the area was named.

Commonly known as "Tiger Bay", this area became one of the UK's first multicultural communities with people from over 50 countries settled here by the outbreak of the First World War, working in the docks and allied industries. Some of the largest communities included the Somalis, Yemenis and Greeks, whose influence still lives on today. A Greek Orthodox church still stands at the top of Bute Street.

It is known as one of the "five towns of Cardiff", the others being Crockherbtown, Grangetown, Newtown and Temperance Town.

The population of the ward and community taken at the 2011 census was 10,125. It is estimated that the Butetown's population increased to 14,094 by 2019.
Hobbesian trap
The Hobbesian trap (or Schelling's dilemma) is a theory that explains why preemptive strikes occur between two groups, out of bilateral fear of an imminent attack. Without outside influences, this situation will lead to a fear spiral (catch-22, vicious circle, Nash equilibrium) in which fear will lead to an arms race which in turn will lead to increasing fear. The Hobbesian trap can be explained in terms of game theory. Although cooperation would be the better outcome for both sides, mutual distrust leads to the adoption of strategies that have negative outcomes for both individual players and all players combined. The theory has been used to explain outbreaks of conflicts and violence, spanning from individuals to states.

Catch-22 (logic)
A catch-22 is a paradoxical situation from which an individual cannot escape because of contradictory rules or limitations. The term was first used by Joseph Heller in his 1961 novel Catch-22.

Catch-22s often result from rules, regulations, or procedures that an individual is subject to, but has no control over, because to fight the rule is to accept it. Another example is a situation in which someone is in need of something that can only be had by not being in need of it (e.g., the only way to qualify for a loan is to prove to the bank that you do not need a loan). One connotation of the term is that the creators of the "catch-22" situation have created arbitrary rules in order to justify and conceal their own abuse of power.
Justin Ontong
Justin Lee Ontong (born 4 January 1980) is a former South African cricketer, who played domestic cricket for the Cape Cobras. He has played two Test matches, 26 One Day Internationals and twelve Twenty20 Internationals as an all-rounder.

Cricket South Africa
Cricket South Africa (CSA) is the governing body for both professional and amateur cricket in South Africa. In 1991, the separate South African Cricket Union and the South African Cricket Board merged to form the United Cricket Board of South Africa, ending racial separation governance in South African cricket. Cricket South Africa was formed in 2002, and initially ran parallel to the UCB, before becoming the sole governing body in 2008. As an affiliate of the South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee, and a full member of the International Cricket Council, CSA administers all levels of cricket in South Africa, including the national teams in all three formats for both men and women.
1942–43 Arsenal F.C. season
The 1942–43 season was Arsenal Football Club's fourth season playing wartime football during World War II. They won the Football League South and the Football League South Cup. Arsenal were finalists in the Football League War Cup.

Football League War Cup
The Football League War Cup was an association football tournament held between 1939 and 1945. It aimed to fill the gap left in English football by the suspension of the FA Cup during the Second World War. Though it was often referred to in contemporary coverage as the "League Cup" or "Football League Cup", it is not to be confused with the later English football competition with the same name, which was formed in 1960 and is currently known as the EFL Cup. As with all wartime football in England, records and statistics from the competition are not considered official.
Listed buildings in Stoke-by-Nayland
Stoke-by-Nayland is a village and civil parish in the Babergh District of Suffolk, England. It contains 124 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these two are grade I, five are grade II* and 117 are grade II.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England.

Stoke-by-Nayland
Stoke-by-Nayland is a village and civil parish in the Babergh district, in the county Suffolk, England, close to the border with Essex. The parish includes the village Withermarsh Green and the hamlets Thorington Street and Scotland Street. The village has many cottages and timber-framed houses, all surrounding a recreation field. Possibly once the site of a monastery, the civil parish had a population of 703 at the 2001 Census, falling to 682 at the 2011 Census.
The Amazing Race 6 (Latin American season)
The Amazing Race 6 (also known as The Amazing Race: Ecuador and The Amazing Race on Space 4) is the sixth season of the Latin American version of the American reality show The Amazing Race. As in seasons prior, the show consisted of 11 teams of different nationalities competing, though this season took place entirely in Ecuador. The program was broadcast throughout Latin America on cable network Space, and in Ecuador on TC Televisión. The prize for the winning team was US$100,000, which was less than the prize given in previous seasons.

The program was hosted once again by Toya Montoya, who was joined by Ecuadorian presenter Jaime Arellano. This is the first time in the worldwide history of the format that a season was presented by a pair of hosts, as opposed to a single presenter.

Brothers-in-law from Ecuador, Giovanni López and Juan Carlos Estrada were the winners of this season.

Otavalo (city)
Otavalo, capital of Otavalo Canton, has a population largely made up of the Otavalo indigenous group.  It is located in Imbabura Province of Ecuador.  According to the 2022 census, the town had a population of 41,718 and is situated at an elevation of 2,532 metres (8,307 ft). It is surrounded by the peaks of Imbabura (4,630 metres (15,190 ft)), Cotacachi (4,995 metres (16,388 ft)), and Mojanda volcanoes. Mario Conejo is the current mayor of the city of Otavalo.
Old Irish grammar
This article describes the grammar of the Old Irish language. The grammar of the language has been described with exhaustive detail by various authors, including Thurneysen, Binchy and Bergin, McCone, O'Connell, Stifter, among many others.

Irrealis mood
In linguistics, irrealis moods (abbreviated IRR) are the main set of grammatical moods that indicate that a certain situation or action is not known to have happened at the moment the speaker is talking. This contrasts with the realis moods. They are used in statements without truth value (imperative, interrogative, subordinate, etc).

Every language has grammatical ways of expressing unreality. Linguists tend to reserve the term "irrealis" for particular morphological markers or clause types. Many languages with irrealis mood make further subdivisions between kinds of irrealis moods. This is especially so among Algonquian languages such as Blackfoot.
Rada Mihalcea
Rada Mihalcea is the Janice M. Jenkins Collegiate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Michigan. She has made significant contributions to natural language processing, multimodal processing, computational social science, and AI for Social Good. With Paul Tarau, she invented the TextRank Algorithm, which is a classic algorithm widely used for text summarization.

Association for Computational Linguistics
The Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) is a scientific and professional organization for people working on natural language processing. Its namesake conference is one of the primary high impact conferences for natural language processing research, along with EMNLP. The conference is held each summer in locations where significant computational linguistics research is carried out.

It was founded in 1962, originally named the Association for Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics (AMTCL). It became the ACL in 1968. The ACL has a European (EACL), a North American (NAACL), and an Asian (AACL) chapter.
Denver Pioneers football, 1930–1939
The Denver Ministers football program, 1930–1939 represented the University of Denver in college football during the 1930s as a member of the Rocky Mountain Conference. The program was led by four head coaches during the decade: Jeff Cravath (1929–1931), Percy Locey (1932–1935), Bill Saunders (1936–1938), and Cac Hubbard (1939–1941).

Highlights of the decade included:

The 1933 team compiled a 5–3–1 record (5–1–1 against conference opponents), shared the RMC title with Colorado Agricultural and Utah, and outscored opponents by a total of 107 to 46.

The 1935 team compiled a 6–3 record (5–2 against conference opponents) and outscored opponents by a total of 109 to 101.

The 1936 team compiled a 7–1–1 record (6–1–1 against conference opponents), finished second in the RMC, and outscored opponents by a total of 141 to 88.

The 1937 compiled a 6–3 record (5–2 against conference opponents), tied for third in the RMC, and outscored opponents by a total of 122 to 61.

1933 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1933 Colorado Agricultural Aggies football team represented Colorado Agricultural College (now known as Colorado State University) in the Rocky Mountain Conference (RMC) during the 1933 college football season. In their 23rd season under head coach Harry W. Hughes, the Aggies compiled a 5–1–1 record, tied for the RMC championship, and outscored all opponents by a total of 78 to 26.

Four Colorado Agricultural players received all-conference honors in 1933: end Glenn Morris, halfback Wilbur (Red) White, halfback Ralph Maag, and quarterback Bud Dammann.
Rimske Toplice
Rimske Toplice (pronounced [ˈɾiːmskɛ tɔˈpliːtsɛ]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Laško in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the right bank of the Savinja River on the road from Celje to Ljubljana via Zidani Most. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Zidani Most
Zidani Most (pronounced [ˈziːdani ˈmoːst]; German: Steinbrück) is a settlement in the Municipality of Laško in eastern Slovenia. It lies at the confluence of the Sava and Savinja rivers. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region. It is an important railway station and junction.
Murasaki Shikibu Nikki Emaki
The Murasaki Shikibu Nikki Emaki (紫式部日記絵巻) is a mid-13th century emaki (Japanese picture scroll) inspired by the private diary (nikki) of Murasaki Shikibu, lady-in-waiting at the 10th–11th century Heian court and author of The Tale of Genji. This emaki belongs to the classical style of Japanese painting known as yamato-e, and revives the iconography of the Heian period.

Today there remain four paper scrolls of the emaki in varying condition, and stored in different collections: Hachisuka, Matsudaira, Hinohara scrolls (Tokyo), and Fujita scroll (Fujita Art Museum, Osaka). Of the extant scrolls, the first relates the celebrations on occasion of the birth of prince Atsunari (Atsuhira, later Emperor Go-Ichijō) in 1008 and the last those of the birth of Prince Atsunaga (later Emperor Go-Suzaku) in 1009. This difference in time indicates that the original emaki most likely consisted of more scrolls than exist today.

Empress Shōshi
Fujiwara no Shōshi (藤原彰子; 988 – October 25, 1074), also known as  Jōtōmon-in (上東門院), the eldest daughter of Fujiwara no Michinaga, was Empress of Japan from c. 1000 to c. 1011. Her father sent her to live in the Emperor Ichijō's harem at age 12. Because of his power, influence and political machinations she quickly achieved the status of second empress (中宮, Chūgū). As empress she was able to surround herself with a court of talented and educated ladies-in-waiting such as Murasaki Shikibu, author of The Tale of Genji.

By the age of 20, Shōshi had given birth to two sons for Ichijō, both of whom went on to become emperors and secured the status of the Fujiwara line. In her late 30s she took vows as a Buddhist nun, renouncing imperial duties and titles, assuming the title of imperial lady. She continued to be an influential member of the imperial family until her death at age 86.
Streamlined spinefoot
The streamlined spinefoot (Siganus argenteus), also known as the forktail rabbitfish, schooling rabbitfish or silver spinefoot, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a rabbitfish belonging to the family Siganidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

Siganidae
Siganidae, the rabbitfishes, are a small family of ray-finned fishes in the order Perciformes. The only extant genus is Siganus, the rabbitfish and spinefoot. However, a number of genera are known from fossils.

The extant species are marine fish found in the Indo-Pacific and eastern Mediterranean. They are important foodfishes and some are popular in the aquarium trade.
Frogmore, Hertfordshire
Frogmore is a village 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Radlett in Hertfordshire, and 2 miles (3.2 km) south of St Albans city centre (though in said city's contiguous built-up area). It is located in St Stephen civil parish, within the City and District of St Albans, and the county of Hertfordshire.

It includes the 19th century Holy Trinity church designed by Sir George Gilbert Scott, and Moor Mill featuring two water wheels, (not to be confused with Henry Fourdrinier's Frogmore Paper Mill in Apsley, Hemel Hempstead).

City of St Albans
St Albans (/ˈɔːlbənz/), also known as the City and District of St Albans, is a non-metropolitan district with both borough and city status in Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in St Albans, the largest settlement in the district. The district also includes the town of Harpenden and several villages. The district borders North Hertfordshire, Welwyn Hatfield, Hertsmere, Watford, Three Rivers, Dacorum, and Central Bedfordshire.
Nocardia nepalensis
Nocardia nepalensis is a species of bacteria from the genus Nocardia that has been isolated from forest soil in Nepal. Its type strain is ACa13097T (= DSM 118930T = NCCB 101050T). N. nepalensis is an aerobic, non-motile, and filamentous shape actinomycetes with brown-red pigmentation. It is 9,609,226 bp long and G+C content is 66.20 mol%.

Nocardia
Nocardia is a genus of weakly staining Gram-positive, catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacteria. It forms partially acid-fast beaded branching filaments (appearing similar to fungi, but being truly bacteria). It contains a total of 85 species. Some species are nonpathogenic, while others are responsible for nocardiosis. Nocardia species are found worldwide in soil rich in organic matter. In addition, they are oral microflora found in healthy human gingiva, as well as periodontal pockets. Most Nocardia infections are acquired by inhalation of the bacteria or through traumatic introduction through openings in epithelial barriers.
Sea monk
The sea monk (also monk-fish or monkfish) was a sea creature found off the eastern coast of the Danish island of Zealand in 1546. It was described as a "fish" that outwardly resembled a human monk in his habit.

Pierre Belon
Pierre Belon (1517–1564) was a French traveller, naturalist, writer and diplomat. Like many others of the Renaissance period, he studied and wrote on a range of topics including ichthyology, ornithology, botany, comparative anatomy, architecture and Egyptology. He is sometimes known as Pierre Belon du Mans, or, in the Latin in which his works appeared, as Petrus Bellonius Cenomanus. The Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov (known for Pavlov's dogs) called him the "prophet of comparative anatomy".