hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ida Ekeroth Clausson
Ida Ella Marie Ekeroth Clausson (born 1991) is a Swedish politician and member of the Riksdag, the national legislature. A member of the Social Democratic Party, she has represented Västra Götaland County East since September 2022. She had previously been a substitute member of the Riksdag for Urban Ahlin between from October to December 2015.

Urban Ahlin
Urban Christian Ahlin (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɵ̌rːban aˈliːn]; born 13 November 1964) is a Swedish diplomat and former politician of the Swedish Social Democratic Party. He currently serves as Ambassador of Sweden to the United States since 2023.

Ahlin served as Member of the Riksdag (MP) for the Västra Götaland County East constituency from 1994 to 2018 and was Speaker of the Riksdag (Parliament of Sweden) from September 2014 to September 2018. He was Ambassador of Sweden to Canada from 2019 to 2023.
Elections in Rwanda
Elections in Rwanda are manipulated in various ways, which include banning opposition parties, arresting or assassinating critics, and electoral fraud. According to its constitution, Rwanda is a multi-party democracy with a presidential system. In practice, it functions as a one-party state ruled by the Rwandan Patriotic Front and its leader Paul Kagame. The President and majority of members of the Chamber of Deputies are directly elected, whilst the Senate is indirectly elected and partly appointed.

National Assembly of Rwanda
National Assembly of Rwanda (French: Assemblée nationale) was the unicameral legislature of Rwanda from 1961 to 1973. It was established in January 1961, and members were elected in general elections. It was dissolved following the 1973 coup d'état.
Treskowallee (Berlin)
Treskowallee (German for "Treskow Avenue") is a large boulevard in Berlin, Germany. It runs through the boroughs of Lichtenberg and Treptow-Köpenick and is home to many landmark buildings and institutions, such as the Berlin School of Engineering and Economics (HTW) and the Karlshorst horseracing track. Between 2013 and 2015, a neighborhood named Treskow Höfe ("Treskow Courts") was developed along the northern end of the avenue. It is named for the Treskow family.

It is served by three Berlin Tram lines and by the Berlin S-Bahn at Karlshorst station.

Treptow-Köpenick
Treptow-Köpenick (German pronunciation: [ˈtʁeːpto ˈkøːpənɪk] ⓘ) is the ninth borough of Berlin, Germany, formed in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Treptow and Köpenick.

The borough was formerly part of East Berlin.
Simplicial sphere
In geometry and combinatorics, a simplicial (or combinatorial) d-sphere is a simplicial complex homeomorphic to the d-dimensional sphere. Some simplicial spheres arise as the boundaries of convex polytopes, however, in higher dimensions most simplicial spheres cannot be obtained in this way.

One important open problem in the field was the g-conjecture, formulated by Peter McMullen, which asks about possible numbers of faces of different dimensions of a simplicial sphere. In December 2018, the g-conjecture was proven by Karim Adiprasito in the more general context of rational homology spheres.

Richard P. Stanley
Richard Peter Stanley (born June 23, 1944) is an Emeritus Professor of Mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and an Arts and Sciences Distinguished Scholar at the University of Miami. From 2000 to 2010, he was the Norman Levinson Professor of Applied Mathematics.   He received his Ph.D. at Harvard University in 1971 under the supervision of Gian-Carlo Rota. He is an expert in the field of combinatorics and its applications to other mathematical disciplines.
Cronenberg, Rhineland-Palatinate
Cronenberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Lauterecken-Wolfstein.

County Palatine of Veldenz
The County Palatine of Veldenz was a principality in the contemporary Land Rhineland-Palatinate with full voting rights to the Reichstag. The county was located partially between Kaiserslautern, Sponheim and Zweibrücken, partially on the Mosel in the Archbishopric of Trier. A municipality of the same name, Veldenz, and a castle, Schloss Veldenz, are located in the district of Bernkastel-Wittlich.
Prilepnica
Përlepnicë (Albanian definite form: Përlepnica) or Prilepnica (Serbian Cyrillic: Прилепница), is a village in the Anamorava region of eastern Kosovo. The village is situated by the old mountainous road leading up to Novo Brdo, some 7 km from Gjilan.

Prilepac (fortress)
42°32′24.50″N 21°31′16.16″E﻿ / ﻿42.5401389°N 21.5211556°E﻿ / 42.5401389; 21.5211556

Prilepac (Serbian Cyrillic: Прилепац), or Prilepnica (Serbian Cyrillic: Прилепница), was a Serbian medieval fortress near Kamenica, Kosovo. It is most famous as the birthplace of Prince Lazar, who was born c. 1329.
Victoria Road, Adelaide
Victoria Road (and its northern extremity Oliver Rogers Road) is a major road in Adelaide, South Australia, connecting Port Adelaide to Outer Harbor on the Lefevre Peninsula. It is designated part of route A16.

Port River Expressway
Port River Expressway is a 5.7-kilometre (3.5 mi) freeway-grade road. The expressway links Port Adelaide and the Lefevre Peninsula across the north-western suburbs of Adelaide to major interstate routes via North-South Motorway.

The expressway is grade-separated at the North-South Motorway, Hanson Road and Eastern Parade interchanges. The next two intersections are at grade with traffic signals installed. This has led to the route being labelled as the A9, instead of the more common M label associated with freeways and expressways in South Australia.
T L Baillieu Handicap
The Schweppervescence, registered as the T L Baillieu Handicap, is an Australian Turf Club Group 3 Thoroughbred quality handicap horse race, for two-year-olds, over a distance of 1400 metres, held annually at Rosehill Racecourse in Sydney, Australia. Total prize money for the race is A$250,000.

Randwick Racecourse
Royal Randwick Racecourse is a racecourse for horse racing located in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales. Randwick Racecourse is Crown Land leased to the Australian Turf Club and known to many Sydney racegoers as headquarters. The racecourse is located about six kilometres south-east from the Sydney Central Business District in the suburb of Randwick. The course proper has a circumference of 2224m with a home straight of 410m.

On 14 October 2017, the inaugural running of The Everest was held at Royal Randwick. The Everest is the richest race in Australia and the richest turf race in the world with $15 million in prize money.

Since 2014, Randwick hosts The Championships, a two-day season-ending meeting in April that offers over AUD$20 million in prize money. It features several Group 1 races such as the Australian Derby, Doncaster Handicap and Queen Elizabeth Stakes.

Other annual events include the Sydney Carnival, Spring Carnival and the Chinese Festival of Racing.
2016 Colorado Buffaloes football team
The 2016 Colorado Buffaloes football team represented the University of Colorado Boulder during the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Mike MacIntyre, they played their home games on-campus at Folsom Field in Boulder and were members of the South Division of the Pac-12 Conference. They finished the season 10–4, 8–1 in Pac-12 play to win their first Pac-12 South Division Title. They represented the South Division in the 2016 Pac-12 Football Championship Game where they lost to Washington. They were invited to the Alamo Bowl where they lost to Oklahoma State. It was their first winning season since 2005. This would be the last bowl game for the Buffaoes in a full season until 2024.

Folsom Field
Folsom Field is an outdoor college football stadium located on the campus of the University of Colorado in Boulder, Colorado. It is the home field of the Colorado Buffaloes of the Big 12 Conference.

Opened in 1924, the horseshoe-shaped stadium has a traditional north–south configuration, opening to the north. The University's athletic administration center, named after 1950s head coach Dal Ward, is located at the north end.

The playing field returned to artificial turf in 2025 and sits at an elevation of 5,360 feet (1,635 m), more than a mile above sea level. Folsom Field is the third highest stadium in FBS college football, behind only Wyoming and Air Force of the Mountain West Conference.
Photoautotroph
Photoautotrophs are organisms that can utilize light energy from sunlight, and elements (such as carbon) from inorganic compounds, to produce organic materials needed to sustain their own metabolism (i.e. autotrophy). Such biological activities are known as photosynthesis, and examples of such organisms include plants, algae and cyanobacteria.

Eukaryotic photoautotrophs absorb photonic energy through the photopigment chlorophyll (a porphyrin derivative) in their endosymbiont chloroplasts, while prokaryotic photoautotrophs use chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls present in free-floating cytoplasmic thylakoids. Plants, algae, and cyanobacteria perform oxygenic photosynthesis that produces oxygen as a byproduct, while some bacteria perform anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Thylakoid
Thylakoids are membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stromal thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.

In thylakoid membranes, chlorophyll pigments are found in packets called quantasomes. Each quantasome contains 230 to 250 chlorophyll molecules.
Small cancellation theory
In the mathematical subject of group theory, small cancellation theory studies groups given by group presentations satisfying small cancellation conditions, that is where defining relations have "small overlaps" with each other. Small cancellation conditions imply algebraic, geometric and algorithmic properties of the group. Finitely presented groups satisfying sufficiently strong small cancellation conditions are word hyperbolic and have word problem solvable by Dehn's algorithm. Small cancellation methods are also used for constructing Tarski monsters, and for solutions of Burnside's problem.

Simple group
In mathematics, a simple group is a nontrivial group whose only normal subgroups are the trivial group and the group itself.  A group that is not simple can be broken into two smaller groups, namely a nontrivial normal subgroup and the corresponding quotient group. This process can be repeated, and for finite groups one eventually arrives at uniquely determined simple groups, by the Jordan–Hölder theorem.

The complete classification of finite simple groups, completed in 2004, is a major milestone in the history of mathematics.
Sluis, Tholen
De Sluis or Sluis is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Tholen, and lies about 21 km north-west of Bergen op Zoom.

De Sluis is not a statistical entity, and the postal authorities have placed it under Sint Philipsland. It has place name signs and consists of about 10 houses.

The village was named after the nearby sluice, and was established after 1900 to house the employees of the Rotterdamsche Tramweg Maatschappij. A tram line was built to Brouwershaven and was mainly used for the transportation of sugar beet. The tram line closed in 1953.

The ferry from Anna Jacobapolder to Zijpe used to be located in De Sluis. In 1988, the Philipsdam was completed and the ferry was disestablished.

Brouwershaven
Brouwershaven is a small city on the Grevelingen in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Schouwen-Duiveland, lies about 45 km southwest of Hellevoetsluis and 10 km north of Zierikzee.

Brouwershaven received city rights in 1477.

In 2023 the town of Brouwershaven had 1291 inhabitants. The built-up area of the town was 0.41 km2, and contained 759 residences.
The statistical area "Brouwershaven", which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 1540.

Brouwershaven was a separate municipality until 1997, when it was merged into Schouwen-Duiveland.
Collaborative consumption
Collaborative consumption is the set of those resource circulation systems in which consumers both "obtain" and "provide", temporarily or permanently, valuable resources or services through direct interaction with other consumers or through a mediator. It is sometimes paired with the concept of the "sharing economy". Collaborative consumption is not new; it has always existed (e.g. in the form of flea markets, swap meets, garage sales, car boot sales, and second-hand shops).

In 2011, collaborative consumption was named one of Time magazine's 10 ideas that will change the world.

The Freecycle Network
The Freecycle Network (TFN) is a private, nonprofit organization registered in Arizona, US and is a charity in the United Kingdom. TFN coordinates a worldwide network of "gifting" groups to divert reusable goods from landfills. The network provides a worldwide online registry, organizing the creation of local groups and forums for individuals and nonprofits to offer (or request) free items for reuse or recycling and to promote a gift economy. In contrast, although flea markets and swap meets also contribute to the 3 Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle), they involve mainly buying and selling or bartering rather than gifting.
NPL network
The NPL network, or NPL Data Communications Network, was a local area computer network operated by the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) in London that pioneered the concept of packet switching.

Based on designs conceived by Donald Davies in 1965, development work began in 1966. Construction began in 1968 and elements of the first version of the network, the Mark I, became operational in early 1969 then fully operational in January 1970. The Mark II version operated from 1973 until 1986. The NPL network was the first computer network to implement packet switching and the first to use high-speed links. Its original design, along with the innovations implemented in the ARPANET and the CYCLADES network, laid down the technical foundations of the modern Internet.

Datagram
A datagram is a basic transfer unit associated with a packet-switched network. Datagrams are typically structured in header and payload sections. Datagrams provide a connectionless communication service across a packet-switched network. The delivery, arrival time, and order of arrival of datagrams need not be guaranteed by the network.
1988 Champion Spark Plug 400
The 1988 Champion Spark Plug 400 was the 19th stock car race of the 1988 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 19th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, August 21, 1988, before an audience of 72,000 in Brooklyn, Michigan, at Michigan International Speedway, a two-mile (3.2 km) moderate-banked D-shaped speedway. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. Taking advantage of a misfortunate Bill Elliott, Ranier-Lundy Racing driver Davey Allison would manage to lead the final 23 laps of the race to take his third career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his first victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Blue Max Racing driver Rusty Wallace and Melling Racing driver Bill Elliott would finish second and third, respectively.

1988 NASCAR Winston Cup Series
The 1988 NASCAR Winston Cup Series was the 40th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 17th modern-era Cup series. The season began on February 7 at Daytona International Speedway and ended on November 20 at the Atlanta International Speedway. Bill Elliott of Melling Racing won the championship.

The 1988 season was notable for hosting the first of two NASCAR tire wars between Goodyear and Hoosier notably unless a team was under an exclusive tire contract teams were allowed to switch tire manufacturers from race to race so no team ran a full season on the same tire like in other motorsports where teams tend exclusively run one tire manufacturer during a tire war.
Hof Hauptbahnhof
Hof Hauptbahnhof (German for Hof main station; sometimes translated as "Hof Central Station" or described as "Hof central station" in English) is the main railway station in Hof in southern Germany and is situated at the intersection of the Saxon-Franconian trunk line (Magistrale) and the Munich–Regensburg–Leipzig–Berlin line. When it was opened it formed the boundary between the former Bavarian Ludwig South-North Railway Lindau–Hof to the Saxon-Bavarian Railway on the Saxon side from Hof–Leipzig.

Today the Deutsche Bahn has classified Hof Hauptbahnhof as category 3 – a regional hub/long-distance stop.

Weiden–Oberkotzau railway
The Weiden–Oberkotzau railway is a two-track main line railway in Bavaria, Germany. It connects with the Regensburg–Weiden railway in Weiden in der Oberpfalz and runs via Marktredwitz to Oberkotzau, where it joins the Bamberg–Hof railway. The line forms part of a long-distance route from Munich to Hof, continuing to Leipzig and Dresden.
Passports in Europe
Passports in Europe are issued by each state individually, e.g. the Netherlands or United Kingdom. In general, passports issued in Europe either grant the holder the right of freedom of movement within the European Economic Area (EU and EFTA passports), to those that don't (EU candidate countries and other non-EU European states). The majority of European states are members of the European Union, and therefore issue EU passports.

All passports issued in Europe are B7 size and (ISO/IEC 7810 ID-3, 88 mm × 125 mm). The overwhelming majority of European passports are biometric (). These include all EU, EFTA, British, and EU candidate passports.

There are also several passports issued by partially-recognised and disputed states, such as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and Kosovo.

European Union laissez-passer
A European Union laissez-passer is a travel document issued to civil servants and members of the institutions of the European Union. It is proof of privileges and immunities the holders enjoy. The document is valid in all countries of the European Union as well as in over 100 other countries. In 2006, the European Commission issued or renewed 2,200 laissez-passer, and other agencies may issue the document as well.

The present regulation was proposed by the European Commission implementing machine-readable laissez-passer according to ICAO 9303 standard including a digitized photo of the bearer's face and fingerprints. The number of data fields was reduced and the document no longer contains information on address and physical appearance.
Large-group awareness training
The term large-group awareness training (LGAT) refers to activities—usually offered by groups with links to the human potential movement—which claim to increase self-awareness and to bring about desirable transformations in individuals' personal lives.
LGATs are unconventional; they often take place over several days, and may compromise participants' mental wellbeing.

LGAT programs may involve several hundred people at a time.
Though early definitions cited LGATs as featuring unusually long durations, more recent texts describe trainings lasting from a few hours to a few days.

Forsyth and Corazzini cite Lieberman (1994) as suggesting "that at least 1.3 million Americans have taken part in LGAT sessions".

Human Potential Movement
The Human Potential Movement (HPM) arose out of the counterculture of the 1960s and formed around the concept of an extraordinary potential that its advocates believed to lie largely untapped in all people. The movement takes as its premise the belief that the development of their "human potential" can contribute to a life of increased happiness, creativity, and fulfillment, and as a result such people will be more likely to direct their actions within society toward assisting others to release their potential. Adherents believe that the collective effect of individuals cultivating their own potential will be positive change in society at large.
2000 Guam presidential caucuses
Although Guam will not participate in the 2000 presidential election because it is a U.S. territory and not a state, it can participate in the U.S. presidential primaries and caucuses for both the Democratic and Republican parties, also Guam instead uses the presidential straw poll on Election Day.

2000 Republican Party presidential primaries
From January 24 to June 6, 2000, voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for president in the 2000 United States presidential election. Texas Governor George W. Bush was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 2000 Republican National Convention held from July 31 to August 3, 2000, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
HD 154972
HD 154972, also known as HR 6373 or rarely 56 G. Apodis, is a solitary, bluish-white-hued star located in the southern circumpolar constellation Apus. It has an apparent magnitude of 6.23, placing it near the limit for naked eye visibility. Gaia DR3 parallax measurements place the object 336 light years away, and it is currently drifting closer with a heliocentric radial velocity of −3.1 km/s. At its current distance, HD 154972's brightness is diminished by 0.23 magnitudes due to extinction from interstellar dust. It has an absolute magnitude of +1.11.

This is an ordinary A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A0 V. Paunzen et al. (2001) lists it as a potential λ Boötis star. It has 2.56 times the mass of the Sun and 2.08 times its solar radius. It radiates 42 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 9,772 K. It is estimated to be 330 million years old and is slightly metal deficient (78% solar abundance).

Apus
Apus is a small constellation in the southern sky. It represents a bird-of-paradise, and its name means "without feet" in Greek because the bird-of-paradise was once wrongly believed to lack feet. First depicted on a celestial globe by Petrus Plancius in 1598, it was charted on a star atlas by Johann Bayer in his 1603 Uranometria. The French explorer and astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille charted and gave the brighter stars their Bayer designations in 1756.

The five brightest stars are all reddish in hue. Shading the others at apparent magnitude 3.8 is Alpha Apodis, an orange giant that has around 48 times the diameter and 928 times the luminosity of the Sun. Marginally fainter is Gamma Apodis, another aging giant star. Delta Apodis is a double star, the two components of which are 103 arcseconds apart and visible with the naked eye. Two star systems have been found to have planets.
Luke Digby
Luke Digby (born 5 February 2001) is an English figure skater. With pair partner, Anastasia Vaipan-Law, he is a five-time British national champion (2022–2025) and the 2024 CS Warsaw Cup silver medalist.

Volvo Open Cup
The Volvo Open Cup is an annual international figure skating competition held in Riga, Latvia. In some years, the event is part of the ISU Challenger Series. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance.