hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Healthcare Travel Costs Scheme
The Healthcare Travel Costs Scheme was established across the United Kingdom National Health Service in 1988. Patients and their children in receipt of means tested benefits, or on a low income, can get help with the cost of travel to hospital appointments. It does not apply to primary care or community services, and it does not apply to visitors.

Income Support
Income Support was an income-related benefit in the United Kingdom for some people who are on a low income, but had a reason for not actively seeking work. Claimants of Income Support could be entitled to certain other benefits, for example, Housing Benefit, Council Tax Reduction, Child Benefit, Carer's Allowance, Child Tax Credit and help with health costs. A person with capital over £16,000 could not get Income Support, and savings over £6,000 affected how much Income Support can be received. Claimants had to be between 16 and Pension Credit age, work fewer than 16 hours a week, and have a reason why they were not actively seeking work (caring for a child under 5 years old or someone who receives a specified disability benefit).
Deportivo Riestra
Deportivo Riestra Asociación de Fomento Barrio Colón, also known as Deportivo Riestra, is an Argentine sports club from Buenos Aires. The club is mainly focused on football. As of 2024, Deportivo Riestra plays in the Primera División, the top tier of the Argentine league system. Aside from the futsal team that plays in Primera D —the fourth tier division— Deportivo Riestra also has youth academy and women's teams competing in different tournaments and divisions.

The club headquarters are located in the Nueva Pompeya neighbourhood, with Guillermo Laza Stadium of Villa Soldati as venue for football matches. The stadium has a capacity of 3,000.

Apart from football, Riestra is affiliated to the "Federación Metropolitana de Ajedrez" (Metropolitan Chess Federation).

Primera B Metropolitana
Primera B Metropolitana, also known as B Metro is one of two professional leagues that form the third level of the Argentine football league system. The division is made up of 17 clubs mainly from the city of Buenos Aires and its metropolitan area, Greater Buenos Aires.

Originally created as the second division, it became the third level after a restructuring of the system in 1985 that ended with the creation of Primera B Nacional, set as the second division since then.

The other league at level three is the Torneo Federal A, where teams from regional leagues take part.
Thimphu District
27°35′N 89°35′E﻿ / ﻿27.583°N 89.583°E﻿ / 27.583; 89.583

Thimphu District (Dzongkha: ཐིམ་ཕུ་རྫོང་ཁག།; Wylie: Thim-phu rdzong-khag) is a dzongkhag (district) of Bhutan. Thimphu is also the capital of Bhutan and the largest city in the whole kingdom.

Dungkhag
A dungkhag (Dzongkha: དྲུང་ཁག་ drungkhak) is a sub-district of a dzongkhag (district) of Bhutan. The head of a dungkhag is a Dungpa. As of 2007, nine of the twenty dzongkhags had from one to three dungkhags, with sixteen dungkhags in total.
Jassa marmorata
Jassa marmorata is a species of tube-building amphipod. It is native to the northeast Atlantic Ocean but has been introduced into northeast Asia. J. marmorata are greyish in colour with reddish brown markings. The can grow to a length of up to 10 millimetres (0.39 in). They are generally found in fouling communities and intertidal areas where they build tubes of detritus and algae fragments using silky mucus secretions. They are remarkable for having two distinct morphs of males with two different mating strategies. The 'major' morphs are fighter males, while the 'minor' morphs are sneaker males.

J. marmorata is classified under the genus Jassa of the family Ischyroceridae. They are commonly confused with the closely related scud (Jassa falcata).

Ischyroceridae
Ischyroceridae is a family of amphipods. It contains the following genera:

Ambicholestes Just, 1998

Bonnierella Chevreux, 1900

Cerapus Say, 1817

Ericthonius Milne-Edwards, 1830

Ischyrocerus Krøyer, 1838

Jassa Leach, 1814

Microjassa Stebbing, 1899

Neoischyrocerus Conlan, 1995

Parajassa Stebbing, 1899

Siphonoecetes Krøyer, 1845

Ventojassa J. L. Barnard, 1970
Boston College Eagles women's basketball
Boston College Eagles Women's Basketball is the NCAA Division I women's basketball program that represents Boston College in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. The team has competed in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since 2005, having previously played in the Big East. The Eagles have appeared in 7 NCAA Tournaments in their history, most recently in 2006. They play home games at the Conte Forum, and are currently coached by Joanna Bernabei-McNamee, entering her fourth year.

Conte Forum
The Silvio O. Conte Forum, commonly known as Conte Forum, Kelley Rink (for ice hockey games), or simply Conte, is an 8,606-seat multi-purpose arena which opened in 1988 in Boston, Massachusetts on the campus of Boston College in the Chestnut Hill neighborhood. Conte Forum is home to the Boston College Eagles men's and women's basketball and ice hockey teams as well as the Boston College Marching Band.
Crusades of the 15th century
The Crusades of the 15th century are those Crusades that follow the Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399, throughout the next hundred years. In this time-period, the threat from the Ottoman Empire dominated the Christian world, but further threats—from the Mamluks, Moors, and heretics—impinged upon the Christian West as well. The Ottomans gained significant territory in all theaters, but did not defeat Hospitaller Rhodes, nor advance past the Balkans; in addition, the Reconquista was completed, and heresies continued to be suppressed.

The Fall of Constantinople in 1453 marked the end of the Byzantine Empire, and the Teutonic Knights were spent as a fighting force. The Crusades would continue for almost another 100 years, with the expansion of the Ottoman Empire into a major world power—a level of international influence that lasted into the 20th century.

Mamluk campaigns against Cyprus (1424–1426)
The Mamluk campaigns against Cyprus were a series of military expeditions launched by the Mamluk Sultanate into the Kingdom of Cyprus between 1424 and 1426. As a result of the Mamluk victory in the battle of Khirokitia on 7 July 1426 and the capture of King Janus, Cyprus became a tributary state.
Frank Sturgis
Frank Anthony Sturgis (December 9, 1924 – December 4, 1993), born Frank Angelo Fiorini, was an American CIA agent who was one of the five Watergate burglars whose capture led to the end of the presidency of Richard Nixon.

He served in several branches of the United States military and in the Cuban Revolution of 1958, worked as an undercover operative for the Central Intelligence Agency, and is alleged by conspiracy theorists to have been involved in the assassination of John F. Kennedy.

Samuel Cummings
Samuel Cummings, (February 7, 1927 – April 29, 1998) was an American small arms dealer. He founded the International Armament Corporation (also known as Interarms or Interarmco) in 1953, a company which came to dominate the free world market in private arms sales. He died on April 29, 1998, in Monaco after a series of strokes.
Abu Mikhnaf
Lut ibn Yahya ibn Sa'id al-Azdi (Arabic: لُوط بْن يَحْيَى بْن سَعِيد الأَزْدِيّ, romanized: Lūṭ ibn Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd al-ʾAzdī; c. 689–773/775), commonly known by his kunya Abu Mikhnaf (Arabic: أَبُو مِخنَف, romanized: ʾAbū Mikhnaf), was an early Muslim historian.

Yahya ibn Ma'in
Yahya ibn Ma'in (Arabic: يحيى بن معين, romanized: Yaḥyā ibn Maʻīn; 774-847) was a classical Islamic scholar in the field of hadith. He was a close friend of Ahmad ibn Hanbal for much of his life. Ibn Ma'in is known to have spent all of his inheritance on seeking hadith to the extent he became extremely needy.
Scott Manor House
Scott Manor House was built sometime between 1769 and 1772 and is now a museum in Bedford, Nova Scotia.  It is the second oldest house in the Halifax Regional Municipality, after the Morris House, and was built by Joseph Scott on the land once owned by his brother Captain George Scott. The house was built next to Fort Sackville, which was under the command of Joseph Scott (1760).

Bedford, Nova Scotia
Bedford (pop. 36,354 ) is a former town and now a district of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is situated on the north west shore of the Bedford Basin in the central area of the municipality. It borders the neighbouring communities of Hammonds Plains to the west, Sackville to the north, Dartmouth to the east, and mainland Halifax to the south. Bedford was named in honour of John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, Secretary of State for the colonies in 1749.
2012–13 UAFA Club Cup qualifying play-off
The 2012–13 UAFA Club Cup qualifying rounds was played from 11 September to 5 December 2012. A total of 22 teams from Africa and Asia zones competed in the qualifying rounds to decide the 8 places in the knock-out stage of the 2012–13 UAFA Club Cup.

2012–13 UAFA Club Cup
The 2012–13 UAFA Club Cup was the 26th season of the Arab World's inter-club football tournament organised by UAFA, and the first season since it was renamed from the Arab Champions League to the UAFA Cup. 22 teams participated to this tournament.

USM Alger won the tournament after beating Al-Arabi 3–2 on aggregate in the final.
House at No. 17 Rua Benjamin Constant
House at No. 17 Rua Benjamin Constant (Portuguese: Casa à Rua Benjamin Constant, 17, or Casa à Ladeira da Cadeia, 17) is a former home and archive building in Cachoeira, Brazil. Its date of construction is unknown but is likely between the end of the 18th century and beginning of the 19th century. The house is noted for its latticed balcony at its rear façade, which provides a view of Cachoeira, its neighboring municipality Sao Felix, and the Paraguaçu River. The house was listed as a historic structure by the National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage in 1941; it now functions as the archives of the municipality of Cachoeira and may be visited.

São Félix, Bahia
São Félix (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈsɐ̃w̃ ˈfɛliks]) is a municipality in Bahia, Brazil. The municipality has a population of 14,762 with a population density of 142 inhabitants per square kilometer. It is located 110 km (68 mi) from the state capital of Bahia, Salvador.

São Félix directly faces Cachoeira across the Paraguaçu River; it also borders Muritiba, Maragogipe, Cruz das Almas, São Felipe, and Governador Mangabeira.
Anoka Metro Regional Treatment Center
Anoka-Metro Regional Treatment Center (AMRTC), located in Anoka, Minnesota, the county seat of Anoka County, provides inpatient and transitional services to patients with severe mental illness from the Twin Cities metropolitan area (Anoka, Carver, Dakota, Hennepin, Ramsey, Scott, Sherburne and Washington County).
Due to overcrowding, some patients will be transferred to St. Peter's Regional Treatment Center; This is done by random selection upon intake.

The facility was previously the Anoka Asylum and in 1937 the name was changed to the Anoka State Hospital. The hospital provided care for mentally ill men starting in 1900 and for women in 1906. As a hospital for the mentally ill, until 1999, it housed thousands of patients, both male and female. It was once again renamed in 1985 to the current name.

Minnesota Security Hospital
The Minnesota Security Hospital is a secure psychiatric hospital located in St. Peter, Minnesota.  It serves people who have been committed by the court as mentally ill and dangerous.  It was established as St. Peter State Hospital in 1866 under the Kirkbride Plan. The original building is mostly demolished though the hospital is still active.
Coopers Shoot, New South Wales
Coopers Shoot is a locality in the Byron Shire of the Northern Rivers region in New South Wales, Australia.  Coopers Shoot Road is 5 km (3.1 mi) south of Jonson Street, one of the main streets of Byron Bay, and sits high on the ridge overlooking the ocean. The closest beach, Tallow Beach, is 4 km (2.5 mi) away.

At the 2021 Census, its population was 409, compared to the 2016 population of 265.

It is on the lands of the Bundjalung (Arakwal) people.

Byron Bay
Byron Bay (Minjungbal: Cavvanbah) is a beachside town located in the far-northeastern corner of New South Wales, Australia (in Bundjalung Country). It is located 772 kilometres (480 mi) north of Sydney and 165 kilometres (103 mi) south of Brisbane. Cape Byron, a headland adjacent to the town, is the easternmost point of mainland Australia. At the 2021 census, the town had a permanent population of 6,330. It is the largest town of Byron Shire local government area, though not the shire's administrative centre (which is Mullumbimby).
Redectis pygmaea
Redectis pygmaea, the pygmy redectis, is a litter moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1878. It is found in the US from New York to Florida, and west to Texas.

The wingspan is about 14 mm. Adults are on wing from June to September.

Herminiinae
The Herminiinae are a subfamily of moths in the family Erebidae. The members of the subfamily are called litter moths because the caterpillars of most members feed on dead leaves of plants, though others feed on living leaves, and/or the mushrooms of fungi as in the case of genus Idia.
Bénichab (National Assembly district)
Bénichab (Arabic: بنشاب) is one of the 60 electoral districts represented in the National Assembly. The constituency currently elects 1 deputy. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Mauritanian moughataa of Bénichab. The electoral system uses the two-round system.

Electoral districts of Mauritania
Mauritania is divided into several electoral districts (Arabic: دوائر إنتخابية) for the election of deputies to the National Assembly, based on the departments of the country, with the exception of the capital city of Nouakchott, where the electoral districts are based on the three regions the city is divided in.
Samsun-Amasya Regional
The Samsun-Amasya Regional is a rail service operated by TCDD Transport. It runs daily between the Black Sea city of Samsun and the inland town of Amasya. The trains operate on the Samsun–Kalın railway. It takes 3 hours to travel 133 km and has been criticised as very slow.

Samsun–Kalın railway
The Samsun–Kalın railway is a 377.7 km (234.7 mi) long railway in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. It connects to the Ankara–Kars railway, near Sivas from the port city of Samsun, running through the Pontic Mountains. It is one of two railways that service a Black Sea port, along with the Irmak–Zonguldak railway.

It was renovated in the early 21st century.
Outline of opera
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to opera:

Opera is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work (called an opera), which combines a text (called a libretto) and a musical score. Opera is part of the Western classical music tradition. While the scale of opera can be larger or smaller—there are many different genres of opera—performance typically involves different types of artist (singers, instrumentalists and often dancers and actors) and technical staff. Usually an orchestra led by a conductor accompanies the singers. In contrast to spoken theatre, the opera world is international. Italian, German, French, English, and Russian works are performed worldwide in their original languages, and artists travel from country to country performing.

The following is a list of articles on general opera topics:

Comprimario
A comprimario is a small supporting role in an opera (or a singer who sings those roles). The word is derived from the Italian "con primario", or "with the primary", meaning that the comprimario role (or singer) is not a principal role (or singer).  The term usually refers to characters who do not sing any full-length arias or long scenes (although mute characters, who do not sing at all, are not considered comprimarios).

Many singers began their careers as comprimario singers; many others end their careers that way when they become too infirm to cope with long roles; some have made a career out of singing such parts.  Among these latter are singers such as Piero de Palma, Anthony Laciura, Jean Kraft, Nico Castel, and Charles Anthony of the Metropolitan Opera; others include Plinio Clabassi, Ernesto Gavazzi and Karl Dönch.
Noel Connors
Noel Connors (born 5 May 1990) is an Irish hurler who played for Waterford Senior Championship club Passage and formerly played for and captained the Waterford senior hurling team. He was usually deployed as a corner-back but could also be deployed as a full-back or as a centre-back.

Connors began his hurling career with the Passage club, with whom he won Waterford Championship medals at intermediate level in 2007 and at senior level in 2013. He made his debut for the Waterford senior team in 2009, having previously played for the Waterford minor and under-21 teams. Since then Connors has won National Hurling League and Munster Championship medals, as well as being an All-Ireland Championship runner-up in 2017.

2015 National Hurling League
The 2015 National Hurling League was the 84th staging of the National Hurling League. Waterford won their first title since 2007 after a 1-24 to 0-17 win against Cork in the final on 3 May.

TG4 and Setanta provided live coverage of the league with highlights shown on RTÉ2 on Sunday nights.
Gel-e Shur
Gel-e Shur (Persian: گل شور, also Romanized as Gel-e Shūr; also known as Galū Shūr, Geleh Shūr, and Goleh Shūr) is a village in Miankuh Rural District, Miankuh District, Ardal County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 173, in 34 families.

Miankuh Rural District (Ardal County)
Miankuh Rural District (Persian: دهستان ميانكوه) is in Miankuh District of Ardal County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Deh Kohneh-ye Halu Saad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Sar Khun, now a city.
Washington Rodríguez (boxer)
Washington Rodríguez Medina (April 6, 1944 – 31 December 2014) was a Uruguayan boxer, who won a bronze medal in the bantamweight category (– 54 kg) at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

Earlier in 1962 Rodríguez won a bantamweight bronze medal at the Latin American Games. After the 1964 Olympics he turned professional, and retired in 1969 with a record of five wins (four by knockout) and one loss. He then worked at the National Bank of Uruguay.

Bantamweight
Bantamweight is a weight class in combat sports and weightlifting. For boxing, the range is above 115 lb (52.2 kg) and up to 118 lb (53.5 kg). In kickboxing, a bantamweight fighter generally weighs between 53 and 55 kilograms (117 and 121 lb). In MMA, bantamweight is 126–135 lb (57.2–61.2 kg).

The name for the class is derived from bantam chickens. Brazilian jiu-jitsu has an equivalent Rooster weight.
1930 Peruvian coup d'état
The 1930 Peruvian coup d'état or Arequipa rebellion took place on August 22–27 of 1930, headed by commander Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro in Arequipa, although with the support of Manuel María Ponce Brousset's force in Lima, against President Augusto B. Leguía.

Sánchez Cerro, who, through a manifesto to the nation, revolted the garrison of Arequipa against the government of Augusto B. Leguía. The military rebellion spread through southern Peru, extending to the country's capital, Lima, where the city's garrison joined the coup. The result of the coup was successful for Sánchez Cerro, who arrived in Lima on August 25 to take the reins of the country, while Leguía resigned from the Presidency and was imprisoned in the city's penitentiary.

Jorge Basadre
Jorge Alfredo Basadre Grohmann (12 February 1903 – 29 June 1980) was a Peruvian historian known for his extensive publications about the independent history of his country. He served during two different administrations as Minister of Education and was also director of the Peruvian National Library.
Paradiplozoon
Paradiplozoon is a genus of polyopisthocotylean monogeneans (a group of ectoparasitic flatworms), included in the family Diplozoidae.

According to the World Register of Marine Species, the genus includes the following species:

Paradiplozoon bliccae (Reichenbach-Klinke, 1961)

Paradiplozoon chazaricum (Mikailov, 1973)

Paradiplozoon cirrhini Huang, Zhou, Yuan & Ding, 2023

Paradiplozoon hemiculteri (Ling, 1973)

Paradiplozoon homoion (Bychowsky & Nagibina, 1959)

Paradiplozoon ichthyoxanthon Avenant-Oldewage, le Roux, Mashego & van Vuuren, 2013

Paradiplozoon iraqense Al-Nasiri & Balbuena, 2016

Paradiplozoon rutili (Gläser, 1967)

Paradiplozoon skrjabini Akhmerov, 1974

Paradiplozoon vaalense Dos Santos, Jansen van Vuuren & Avenant-Oldewage, 2015

Paradiplozoon hemiculteri
Paradiplozoon hemiculteri is a species of monogenean of the family Diplozoidae. As in all species of this family, the bodies of the two hermaphroditic members of a couple are permanently fused for life.

This monogenean is a parasite of the gills of the sharpbelly Hemiculter leucisculus in China. According to Jirsová et al., P. hemiculteri is the only diplozoid found on the gills of H. leucisculus to date.
Colwellia
Colwellia  is a genus of deep-sea psychrophilic, piezophilic, and facultative anaerobic bacteria from the family Colwelliaceae. Colwellia can survive at subzero temperatures by producing cryoprotective polymeric substances.

Colwelliaceae
The Colwelliaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota. This family consists of facultative anaerobes and has non-motile and motile members.

Colwelliaceae a family containing Gram-negative bacteria with rod to curved rod shaped cells that play a role in the decomposition of organic matter. With the family also containing facultative anaerobes, means that they are also they can grow with the presence of oxygen and without the presence of oxygen. As well as certain Colwelliaceae such as Colwellia psychrerythraea are psychrophilic bacteria meaning they can thrive in cold environments with them thriving at around the temperature of −6 to 18 °C (21 to 64 °F). They are usually found in cold marine environments such as sea ice, the pelagic zone particulates, and superficial marine sediments.
Bildung
Bildung (German: [ˈbɪldʊŋ] ⓘ, "education", "formation", etc.) refers to the German tradition of self-cultivation, the development and formation of the human mind through education and cultural maturation. This maturation is a harmonization of the individual's mind and heart and in a unification of selfhood and identity within the broader society, as evidenced with the literary tradition of Bildungsroman.

Etiquette
Etiquette (/ˈɛtikɛt, -kɪt/) can be defined as a set of norms of personal behavior in polite society, usually occurring in the form of an ethical code of the expected and accepted social behaviors that accord with the conventions and norms observed and practiced by a society, a social class, or a social group. In modern English usage, the French word étiquette (label and tag) dates from the year 1750 and also originates from the French word for "ticket," possibly symbolizing a person's entry into society through proper behavior. There are many important historical figures that have helped to shape the meaning of the term as well as provide varying perspectives.