hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neal C. Wilson
Neal Clayton Wilson (July 5, 1920 – December 14, 2010) served as the president of the General Conference of the Seventh-day Adventist Church from 1979 to 1990. Wilson was head of the North American Division when elected on January 3, 1979, to take the place of the ailing former General Conference president Robert Pierson, who had resigned for reasons of health.

He was succeeded as General Conference President on July 6, 1990, by Robert Folkenberg, who was then the president of the Carolina Conference 
of Seventh-day Adventists. Wilson died December 14, 2010. He was 90 years old.

Robert H. Pierson
Robert Howard Pierson (3 January 1911 – 21 January 1989) was an American president of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists during the 12½−year period of June 16, 1966, to January 3, 1979. While in the line of duty, Pierson served in North America, Asia and Africa. He interacted with 3 U.S. Presidents and the Presidents or Prime Ministers of 8 foreign countries, plus many governors, mayors, and other governmental dignitaries. He received an Honorary Doctor of Divinity degree from Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan in the United States. Pierson was one of the longest-serving church presidents, which include A. G. Daniels, Ted N.C. Wilson, and James Lamar McElhany.
Douglas XA-2
The Douglas XA-2 was an American prototype attack aircraft converted from a Douglas O-2 observation aircraft in the spring of 1926 by Douglas Aircraft. Only one prototype aircraft was built and the type was not ordered into production.

Lewis gun
The Lewis gun (or Lewis automatic machine gun or Lewis automatic rifle) is a First World War–era light machine gun. Designed privately in the United States though not adopted there, the design was finalised and mass-produced in the United Kingdom, and widely used by troops of the British Empire during the war. It had a distinctive barrel cooling shroud (containing a finned breech-to-muzzle aluminium heat sink to cool the gun barrel), and top-mounted pan magazine. The Lewis served until the end of the Korean War, and was widely used as an aircraft machine gun during both World Wars, almost always with the cooling shroud removed, as air flow during flight offered sufficient cooling.
Dulwich and West Norwood
Dulwich and West Norwood /ˈdʌlɪtʃ ... ˈnɔːwʊd/ is a constituency in South London created in 1997. It has been represented by Helen Hayes of Labour since her election in 2015.

In the 2016 EU referendum, Dulwich and West Norwood voted to remain in the European Union by an estimated 78%. This was the third highest proportion in the UK, behind Gibraltar and the neighbouring constituency of Vauxhall.

Vauxhall (UK Parliament constituency)
Vauxhall was a constituency in London. It was represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament by members of the Labour Party for the whole of its creation from 1950 until its abolition for the 2024 general election.

Under the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the majority of the constituency was incorporated into the new seat of Vauxhall and Camberwell Green, with the wards of Clapham Town, Ferndale and Larkhall being included in the new constituency of Clapham and Brixton Hill.
2019–20 Cayman Islands Premier League
The 2019–20 Cayman Islands Premier League was the 41st edition of top tier Cayman Islands Premier League football competition in the Cayman Islands. The season began on 19 October 2019. The season was indefinitely postponed on 12 March 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The season was resumed on 15 August.

Scholars International unsuccessfully defended its 2018 title. Bodden Town successfully pursued its 4th title in the 2020 final.

2017–18 Cayman Islands Premier League
Cayman Islands Premier League football
The 2017–18 Cayman Islands Premier League season was the 39th edition of top tier Cayman Islands Premier League football competition in the Cayman Islands. It began on 14 October 2017 and ended on 8 April 2018.

Scholars International successfully defended its 2017 title in the 2018 final for an 11th successive title.
Antony John Williams
Antony John Williams is a British chemist and expert in the fields of both nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and cheminformatics at the United States Environmental Protection Agency. He is the founder of the ChemSpider website that was purchased by the Royal Society of Chemistry in May 2009. He is a science blogger and an author.

Electron paramagnetic resonance
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) or electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy is a method for studying materials that have unpaired electrons. The basic concepts of EPR are analogous to those of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), but the spins excited are those of the electrons instead of the atomic nuclei. EPR spectroscopy is useful for analyzing metal ions and organic radicals (compounds with unpaired electrons). The technique reveals some structural information but often simply provides a characteristic "finger print".  The measurement requires a large magnet into which the sample is placed.  Signals are detected using microwaves.  In contrast to NMR and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy is less common.  For a given sample, some of the parameters of interest are g-values (analogous to chemical shift), anisotropy (asymmetry), hyperfine coupling constants (analogous to coupling constant J), and relaxation times.
Sanimayo
Sanimayo (possibly from Quechua sani purple, violet, mayu river "purple (or violet) river") is a mountain in the Vilcanota mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,300 metres (17,388 ft) high. It is situated in the Cusco Region, Quispicanchi Province, Marcapata District. Sanimayo lies northwest of the peaks of Condoriquiña and Sacsa Ananta and east of Huila Aje.

Cordillera Vilcanota
The Cordillera Vilcanota (Spanish cordillera: "mountain range", Aymara: willkan uta "house of the sun") is a mountain range located in Peru southeast of Cusco, on the boundary between the regions of Cusco and Puno. It extends between 13°39' and 14°29'S and 70°31' and 71°20'W for about 80 km. It includes 469 glaciers.

To the east the rivers San Gabán and Azángaro are the natural boundary which separates it from the Carabaya range. The La Raya range near the La Raya pass is sometimes included or listed separately.
2013 Southeastern Conference baseball tournament
The 2013 Southeastern Conference baseball tournament was held from May 21 through 26 at Hoover Metropolitan Stadium in Hoover, Alabama.  The annual tournament determined the tournament champion of the Division I Southeastern Conference in college baseball.  The tournament champion, LSU, earned the conference's automatic bid to the 2013 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

The tournament has been held every year since 1977.  Entering the 2013 event, LSU had claimed nine championships, the most of any school.  Original members Georgia and Kentucky along with 1993 addition Arkansas have never won the tournament.  This was the sixteenth consecutive year and eighteenth overall that the event has been held at Hoover Metropolitan Stadium, formerly known as Regions Park.

In 2013, the tournament set a new all-sessions attendance record of 134,496.  The average per session was 8,115.

Southeastern Conference baseball tournament
The Southeastern Conference baseball tournament (sometimes known simply as the SEC Tournament) is the conference tournament in baseball for the Southeastern Conference (SEC). For many years, it was a partially double-elimination tournament, but changed to a single-elimination format in 2025. Seeding is based on regular season conference records. The winner receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Division I baseball tournament.  The SEC Tournament champion is separate from the conference champion.  The conference championship is determined solely by regular-season record.
Rat running
Rat running (also known as rodent running or cut-through driving) is the practice by motorists of using residential side streets or any unintended short cut such as a parking lot, delivery service lane or cemetery road instead of the intended main road in urban or suburban areas.

Traffic calming
Traffic calming uses physical design, as well as traffic signs, road surface markings, road use rule changes, and other traffic engineering measures to improve road safety for motorists, pedestrians, and cyclists. It has become a tool used by urban planners and road designers to combat speeding and other unsafe behaviours of drivers. It aims to encourage safer, more responsible driving and potentially restrict traffic flow. Urban planners and traffic engineers have many strategies for traffic calming, including narrowed roads and speed humps. Such measures are common in Australia and Europe (especially Northern Europe), but less so in North America, where the focus is often more on facilitating motorized traffic flow. Although they are growing more popular. Traffic calming is a calque (literal translation) of the German word Verkehrsberuhigung – the term's first published use in English was in 1985 by Carmen Hass-Klau.
Frederick Jackson Turner
Frederick Jackson Turner (November 14, 1861 – March 14, 1932) was an American historian during the early 20th century, based at the University of Wisconsin-Madison until 1910, and then Harvard University.  He was known primarily for his frontier thesis. He trained many PhDs who went on to become well-known historians.  He promoted interdisciplinary and quantitative methods, often with an emphasis on the Midwestern United States.

Turner's essay "The Significance of the Frontier in American History" included ideas that formed the frontier thesis. In it, Turner argued that the moving western frontier exerted a strong influence on American democracy and the American character from the colonial era until 1890. He is also known for his theories of geographical sectionalism. During recent years historians and academics have argued frequently over Turner's work; however, all agree that the frontier thesis has had an enormous effect on historical scholarship.

Huntington Library
The Huntington Library, Art Museum and Botanical Gardens, known as The Huntington, is a collections-based educational and research institution established by Henry E. Huntington and Arabella Huntington in San Marino, California, United States. In addition to the library, the institution houses an extensive art collection with a focus on 18th and 19th century European art and 17th to mid-20th century American art. The property also has approximately 120 acres (49 ha) of specialized botanical landscaped gardens, including the "Japanese Garden", the "Desert Garden", and the "Chinese Garden".
1982 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 1982 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Rome, Italy, at the Ippodromo delle Capannelle on March 21, 1982.   A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.

Complete results for men, junior men, women, medallists, 
 and the results of British athletes were published.  In the senior men's competition, two-time defending champion Craig Virgin had traveled to Rome to defend his title, but was unable to race.  On the day before the contest, was sent to the hospital by ambulance, where he was hospitalized for six days with a swollen kidney and a massive urinary tract infection.  Doctors ultimately decided against removal of Virgin's right kidney, although the kidney was later removed in 1994.

World Athletics Cross Country Championships
World Athletics Cross Country Championships is the most important competition in international cross country running. Formerly held annually and organised by World Athletics (formerly the IAAF), it was inaugurated in 1973, when it replaced the International Cross Country Championships. It was an annual competition until 2011, when World Athletics changed it to a biennial event.
Alexandra Morton
Alexandra Bryant Hubbard Morton (born 13 July 1957) is an American and Canadian marine biologist best known for her 30-year study of wild killer whales in the Broughton Archipelago in British Columbia. Since the 1990s, her work has shifted toward the study of the impact of salmon farming on Canadian wild salmon.

Northern resident orcas
Northern resident orcas, also known as northern resident killer whales (NRKW), are one of four separate, non-interbreeding communities of the exclusively fish-eating ecotype of orca in the northeast portion of the North Pacific Ocean. They live primarily off the coast of British Columbia (BC), Canada, and also travel to southeastern Alaska and northern Washington state in the United States. The northern resident population consists of three clans (A, G, R) that consists of several pods with one or more matrilines within each pod. The northern residents are genetically distinct from the southern resident orcas and their calls are also quite distinct.
Nicky Spesh
Nicky Spesh is a rapper from North London, England. A member of the emerging British hip hop and Grime scene alongside the likes of Sway, Nicky Spesh first became recognised when he freestyled over DJ Kool Herc's set at The Scala in London in 2002. Spesh also promoted and performed at his own club nights 'GMBeats present GMBeats' at the Bug Bar, in Brixton and WKD in Camden with his eponymous pirate radio crew.

Sway (British musician)
Derek Andrew Safo (born 5 September 1982), better known by his stage name Sway or Sway DaSafo, is a British rapper of Ghanaian descent. He is also a producer, having established Dcypha Productions, signed to Island/Universal (label founder). Safo's 2008 track "Black Stars" gave appreciation to popular Ghanaians across the diaspora. Sway's first big track,  "On My Own"  was released under the name Sway DaSafo.
John Roper (explorer)
John Roper (29 February 1824 – 15 September 1895) was an English explorer in Australia, remembered as the last survivor of Ludwig Leichhardt's successful expedition from Brisbane, Queensland, to Port Essington, Northern Territory in 1844–45.

Ludwig Leichhardt
Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leichhardt (German pronunciation: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç 'vɪlhɛlm 'lu:tvɪç 'laɪçhaːʁt]; 23 October 1813 – c. 1848), known as Ludwig Leichhardt, was a German explorer and naturalist, most famous for his exploration of northern and central Australia.
The Battle of the Boyne (painting)
The Battle of the Boyne is a 1778 historical painting by the Anglo-American artist Benjamin West.  It portrays the Battle of the Boyne which took place in Ireland in 1690. West's depiction of William of Orange on his white horse became the iconic image of liberation from Catholic Ireland; the painting was widely copied and distributed throughout the nineteenth century. It was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1780. The original is now part of the Duke of Westminster's private collection at Eaton Hall, Cheshire.

Richard Grosvenor, 1st Earl Grosvenor
Richard Grosvenor, 1st Earl Grosvenor (/ˈɡroʊvənər/ GROH-vən-ər; 18 June 1731 – 5 August 1802) was an English landowner, Tory politician and peer who sat in the British House of Commons representing the parliamentary constituency of the City of Chester from 1754 to 1761.
Ukvushvuynen Range
The Ukvushvuynen Range (Russian: горы Уквушвуйнен; Chinese: 乌克武什武伊年山), also known as Meingypilgyn Range (Russian: Мэйнгыпильгынский хребет), is a range of mountains in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russian Far East. Administratively the range is part of Anadyr District.

Kakanaut Formation
The Kakanaut Formation is a geological formation in Siberia, whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian). Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. The flora of the formation is relictual, containing some of the youngest remains of the extinct plant orders Bennettitales and Czekanowskiales.
Tudela, Misamis Occidental
Tudela, officially the Municipality of Tudela,  (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Tudela; Tagalog: Bayan ng Tudela), is a municipality in the province of Misamis Occidental, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 29,082 people.

Tudela is widely known for its colorful and interesting Binalbal Festival, where many revelers are clad in very gory costumes like a giant Halloween costume party. It is held every New Year's Day (Jan. 1). Close to the border of Tudela is the eco-tourism attraction Misamis Occidental Aquamarine Park (MOAP), which is located in its boundary with Sinacaban, its neighboring town to the north.

Poblacion
Poblacion (from Spanish población, meaning "population"), sometimes abbreviated as Pob., is a term used in the Philippines to refer to the administrative center, downtown, old town, or commercial area of a city or municipality. It may consist of a single barangay or multiple barangays. Colloquially, the poblacion area is also referred to as the bayan (see also other definitions of bayan), plaza, or centro.
Yar Muhammad Khan Alakozai
Yar Muhammad Khan Alakozai bin Abdullah Khan (Persian: یارمحمد خان الکوزی بن عبد الله خان) nicknamed the Zahir al-Dawla was the vizier of the Principality of Herat from 1829 to 1842, and the ruler of Herat from 1842 until 1851. He was born in 1790 into the Alakozai tribe. In 1829, he became vizier, or chief minister, of Herat. In 1842, he deposed his Emir, Kamran Shah Durrani, and became the new ruler of Herat. He expanded the country's domains to the Chahar Wilayat and Lash-Joveyn before dying in 1851. He held a marriage alliance with Akbar Khan, a Barakzai prince, general, and later the emir of Afghanistan for a year.

Yar Mohammad Khan received the title Zahir al-Dawla (Persian: ظهیرالدوله) ("Supporter of the State") from the Naser al-Din Shah Qajar in recognition of his assistance to the Iranian government during the Revolt of Hasan Khan Salar in Khorasan.

Barakzai dynasty
The Barakzai dynasty, also known as the Muhammadzai dynasty ("the ruling sub-clan of the Barakzai"), ruled what is now Afghanistan from 1823 to 1978, when the monarchy ended de jure under Musahiban Mohammad Zahir Shah and de facto under his cousin Mohammad Daoud Khan. The Barakzai dynasty was established by Dost Mohammad Khan after the Durrani Empire of Ahmad Shah Durrani was removed from power.
Inland Gulf languages
The Inland Gulf languages are a family of Trans–New Guinea languages in the classifications of Stephen Wurm (1975) and Malcolm Ross (2005). The unity of the languages was established by K. Franklin in 1969. Although the family as a whole is clearly valid, Ipiko is quite distinct from the other languages.

Trans–New Guinea languages
Trans–New Guinea (TNG) is an extensive family of Papuan languages spoken on the island of New Guinea and neighboring islands, a region corresponding to the country Papua New Guinea as well as parts of Indonesia.

Trans–New Guinea is perhaps the third-largest language family in the world by number of languages. The core of the family is considered to be established, but its boundaries and overall membership are uncertain. The languages are spoken by around 3 million people. There have been several main proposals as to its internal classification.
Will Vaulks
William Robert Vaulks (born 13 September 1993) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for EFL Championship club Oxford United.

He began his professional career at Tranmere Rovers in 2012 but did not make a senior appearance, going on loan to Workington of the Conference North before joining Scottish club Falkirk in February 2013. He played 142 games for the club, including the 2015 Scottish Cup Final and two Scottish Championship play-off finals. In 2016 he joined Rotherham United for an undisclosed fee, where he was Player of the Season as they won the League One playoffs in 2018. In 2019, he signed for Cardiff City, and three years later Sheffield Wednesday.

In March 2019 he made his debut for the Welsh national team whom he qualifies for through his mother.

PFA Scotland Team of the Year
The Professional Footballers' Association Scotland Team of the Year (often called the PFA Scotland Team of the Year, or simply the Team of the Year) is an annual award given to a set of 44 footballers in the four national tiers of the Scottish football league system, who are seen to be deserving of being named in a "Team of the Year". The award is compiled by the members of the players' trade union, Professional Footballers' Association Scotland (PFA Scotland), with the winners then being voted for by the other players in their respective divisions. The award was instituted in the 2006–07 season. In that first season, the award was voted for by the managers in each division.

The award was expanded to include the Scottish Women's Premier League (SWPL) in 2021–22.
Verbandsliga Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
The Verbandsliga Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is the sixth tier of the German football league system and the highest league in the German state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the fifth tier of the league system, until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the fourth tier.

DDR-Liga
The DDR-Liga (English: GDR League or East German League) was, prior to German reunification in 1990, the second level of football competition in the DDR (Deutsche Demokratische Republik or German Democratic Republic, commonly East Germany), being roughly equivalent to the 2. Bundesliga in West Germany.
Exact functor
In mathematics, particularly homological algebra, an exact functor is a functor that preserves short exact sequences. Exact functors are convenient for algebraic calculations because they can be directly applied to presentations of objects. Much of the work in homological algebra is designed to cope with functors that fail to be exact, but in ways that can still be controlled.

Category of modules
In algebra, given a ring , the category of left modules over  is the category whose objects are all left modules over  and whose morphisms are all module homomorphisms between left -modules. For example, when  is the ring of integers , it is the same thing as the category of abelian groups. The category of right modules is defined in a similar way.

One can also define the category of bimodules over a ring  but that category is equivalent to the category of left (or right) modules over the enveloping algebra of  (or over the opposite of that).

Note: Some authors use the term module category for the category of modules. This term can be ambiguous since it could also refer to a category with a monoidal-category action.
Blunt-headed salamander
The blunt-headed salamander (Ambystoma amblycephalum) is a mole salamander endemic to Mexico. It is only known from the vicinity of its type locality, near Morelia, in Michoacán state in Southwestern Mexico. It inhabits a landscape consisting of a mosaic of natural grasslands and pine-oak forests at elevations of about 2,000 m (6,600 ft) asl. Breeding takes place in ponds. An average adult has a mass of 6.18 grams while wet. Adult females of the species range from 42-93 mm and males range from 45.4-70.5 mm in standard length.

It has both neotenic and terrestrial populations. Neotenic populations are perennibranchiate and retain their fins. Neotenes are very long with extremely short, blunt heads and round eyes. They have relatively short, thick gills. Their coloring is dark brown-gray dorsally, with a lighter gray under-belly. They have small, dark marks on their head and back.

Mole salamander
The mole salamanders (genus Ambystoma) are a group of advanced salamanders endemic to North America. The group has become famous due to the study of the axolotl (A. mexicanum) in research on paedomorphosis, and the tiger salamander (A. tigrinum, A. mavortium) which is often sold as a pet, and is the official amphibian of four US states.