hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dutch–Mataram conflicts
The Dutch–Mataram conflicts, also called the Dutch–Mataram wars, were military and political conflicts fought in Java from 1628 to 1757 between the Mataram Sultanate and the forces of the Dutch East Indies Company. The conflicts began due to trade competition. Over time, it included rivalries for political power and control over the throne in Mataram.

Untung Surapati
Untung Suropati also Untung Surapati  (c. 1660 – 5 December 1706) was a warfighter in the East Indies who led a few rebellions against the Dutch East India Company (VOC). Some of his exploits were written in Babad Tanah Jawi.
Revolutionary Vanguard (Communist Proletarian)
Revolutionary Vanguard (Communist Proletarian) (in Spanish: Vanguardia Revolucionaria (Proletario Comunista), abbreviated VR-PC) was a Maoist-oriented political party in Peru founded in 1977 by Eduardo Figari and Julio César Mezzich. It was formed through a split in Revolutionary Vanguard. In 1978 a faction mainly active in the peasant movement around Mezzich and Lino Quintanillo left the VR-PC and most of its members joined individually the Shining Path.

Figari served as the general secretary of the VR-PC. In October 1979 VR-PC was a co-founder of the electoral coalition Revolutionary Left Union (UNIR). El Proletario Comunista was the organ of the Central Committee of VR-PC.

Revolutionary Vanguard
Revolutionary Vanguard (Spanish: Vanguardia Revolucionaria) was a political party in Peru founded in 1965 by various Marxist groups. Leaders included Ricardo Napurí (who created it after participating to the MIR), César Benavides, Ricardo Letts, Edmundo Murrugarra and Walter Quinteros.

In 1977 VR took part in the foundation of the UDP. It participated in the 1978 elections on UDP lists.

In 1980 VR was one of the founding members of IU.

In 1984 VR merged with other groups to form the Mariateguist Unified Party (PUM).
San Antonio de Padua Church
San Antonio de Padua Church is a historic church along State Road 63 in Pecos, New Mexico.  It was built during 1903 to 1906 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

It is a cruciform-plan church, located about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) north of the ruins of the Pecos Pueblo ruins.

Pecos National Historical Park
Pecos National Historical Park is a United States National Historical Park in San Miguel County, New Mexico. The park, operated by the National Park Service, encompasses thousands of acres of landscape infused with historical elements from prehistoric archaeological ruins to 19th-century ranches, to a battlefield of the American Civil War.  Its largest single feature is Pecos Pueblo also known as Cicuye Pueblo, a Native American community abandoned in historic times.  First a state monument in 1935, it was made Pecos National Monument in 1965, and greatly enlarged and renamed in 1990.  Two sites within the park, the pueblo and the Glorieta Pass Battlefield, are National Historic Landmarks.
Chinese interference in the 2024 United States elections
The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and government of China interfered in the 2024 United States elections through propaganda and disinformation campaigns, primarily linked to its Spamouflage influence operation. Cyberespionage and wire-tapping operations were launched against U.S. politicians by Salt Typhoon, an advanced persistent threat group linked to the Ministry of State Security. The efforts came amidst other foreign interference in the 2024 United States elections.

APEC United States 2023
APEC 2023 United States was the year-long hosting of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) meetings in the United States taking place in 2023. It was held in San Francisco. APEC United States 2023 marked the third time the United States hosted an APEC meeting, having previously hosted in 1993 in Blake Island and 2011 in Honolulu.
Sorry, Sorry (Super Junior song)
"Sorry, Sorry" (Korean: 쏘리 쏘리) is a song performed by South Korean boy band Super Junior. It was released as a digital single on March 9, 2009, and was later included as the title single in the group's third studio album, Sorry, Sorry, released on March 12, 2009. This song was Super Junior's comeback single as a complete group since their subgroup activities in Mainland China and South Korea in 2008. It was Super Junior's most successful single on the music charts, winning a total of 10 recognitions during the song's promotional period.

SM Entertainment
SM Entertainment Co., Ltd. (Korean: SM엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment agency established in 1995 by Lee Soo-man. It is one of South Korea's largest entertainment companies and has been responsible for fostering and popularizing the careers of many K-pop stars garnering huge global fanbases. The company operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house. SM Entertainment is known for having led the worldwide K-pop phenomenon and the musical side of "Hallyu", also known as the "Korean Wave", with early overseas successes such as H.O.T., S.E.S., and BoA.

The label currently represents K-pop artists such as Kangta, TVXQ, Super Junior, Girls' Generation, Shinee, Exo, Red Velvet, NCT, Aespa, Riize, Naevis, and Hearts2Hearts.
Hidden compartment
A hidden compartment or secret compartment is a compartment whose existence or access is not obvious at first glance, and can be used as a hiding  place for objects or sometimes even for people.

A hidden compartment where people can stay is usually referred to as a hidden room or secret room, and can range from parts of small wardrobes or closets under staircases to entire basements or even large mountain complexes. Hidden rooms are often accessed via a hidden door, which for example can be camouflaged as a bookshelf or a trapdoor in the floor. Hidden rooms can for example be used as a refuge, media room, larder or wine cellar.

The term hidden compartment can also refer to smaller storage places for valuables and personal belongings in furniture (such as cabinet compartments), trap compartments in vehicles, false bottoms in containers, and various other concealment devices.

Trapdoor
A trapdoor or hatch is a sliding or hinged door that is flush with the surface of a floor, ceiling, or roof. It is traditionally small in size. It was invented to facilitate the hoisting of grain up through mills, however, its list of uses has grown over time. The trapdoor has played a pivotal function in the operation of the gallows, cargo ships, trains, booby traps, and more recently theatre and films.
Alatyrsky Uyezd
Alatyrsky Uyezd (Алатырский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Simbirsk Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Alatyr.

Alatyr, Chuvash Republic
Alatyr (Russian: Ала́тырь; Chuvash: Улатӑр, romanized: Ulatăr) is a town in the Chuvash Republic, Russia, located on the Sura River at its confluence with the Alatyr River. Population: 38,203 (2010 census); 43,161 (2002 Census); 46,593 (1989 Soviet census); 43,000 (1968).
Bojtina
Bojtina (pronounced [ˈboːi̯tina]) is a dispersed settlement in the Pohorje Hills in the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region.

The local church is dedicated to Saint Ursula and belongs to the Parish of Sveti Martin na Pohorju. It dates to the late 17th century.

Šmartno na Pohorju
Šmartno na Pohorju (pronounced [ˈʃmáːɾtnɔ na ˈpóːxɔɾju]) is a village in the Pohorje Hills in the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region.
Imprecative mood
Some languages distinguish between the optative mood and an imprecative mood (abbreviated IMPR). In these languages, the imprecative mood is used to wish misfortune upon others, whereas the optative mood is used for wishes in general. In such a language, "May he lose the race" is in imprecative mood, whereas "May I win the race" would be in optative mood.  A commonly given example of a language with an imprecative mood is Turkish, which uses an otherwise obsolete future-tense suffix -esi solely in the third person for curses:

Optative mood
The optative mood (/ˈɒptətɪv/ OP-tə-tiv or /ɒpˈteɪtɪv/ op-TAY-tiv; abbreviated OPT) is a grammatical mood that indicates a wish or hope regarding a given action. It is a superset of the cohortative mood and is closely related to the subjunctive mood but is distinct from the desiderative mood.
English has no morphological optative, but various constructions impute an optative meaning. Examples of languages with a morphological optative mood are Ancient Greek, Albanian, Armenian, Georgian, Friulian, Kazakh, Kurdish, Navajo, Old Prussian, Old Persian, Sanskrit, Turkish, and Yup'ik.
Nigerian Army University Biu
Nigerian Army University Biu (NAUB) is a Nigerian Public tertiary institution located in Biu, Borno State, Nigeria. It is a research higher institution for innovation and technology for the Nigerian Army. It was established in 2018.

The university is managed by the Nigerian Army which has 75% civilian and 25% military and paramilitary. It is the first Nigerian Army university and Africa's first green university.

Nigerian Army
The Nigerian Army (NA) is the land force of the Nigerian Armed Forces. It is the largest component of the Nigerian Armed Forces. The President of Nigeria is the Commander-in-Chief of the Nigerian Army, and its professional head is the Chief of Army Staff, who is the highest ranking military officer of the Nigerian Army.  It is governed by the Nigerian Army Council (NAC). The Nigerian Army is operationally and geographically divided into ten divisions, the basic field formation. The army has been involved in operations throughout the country, most especially during the Nigerian Civil War, and has undertaken major operations abroad. Nigerian Army officers have served as chiefs of defence in other countries, with Brigadier General Maxwell Khobe serving as Sierra Leone chief of staff in 1998–1999, and Nigerian officers acting as Command Officer-in-Charge of the Armed Forces of Liberia from at least 2007.
Prittle Brook
The Prittle Brook is a 7.2 mile (11.59 km) watercourse in south Essex, England. A tributary of the River Roach, the brook rises in Thundersley and passes through Hadleigh, Leigh-on-Sea, Westcliff,  Prittlewell, Rochford and discharges into the Roach and then into the North Sea via the Roach and Crouch estuaries.

Thundersley
Thundersley is a town in the Castle Point borough of southeast Essex, England. It sits on a clay ridge shared with Basildon and Hadleigh, 31 miles (50 km) east of Charing Cross, London. The ecclesiastical parish of Thundersley St Peter takes in Daws Heath to the east.

Thundersley is classed as part of the "Thundersley and South Benfleet" built up area by the Office for National Statistics, which also includes Hadleigh and South Benfleet. This built up area had a population of 49,885 at the 2021 census.
Atman Foundation
The Atman Foundation (German: Trainingszentrum zur Freisetzung der Atmaenergie), also called the Isis Holistic Center, was a new religious movement founded by German psychologist Heide Fittkau-Garthe. A schism from the Brahma Kumaris, it was active mainly on the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands (Spain), and in Germany. It is best known for a media scare in which an alleged attempt to commit ritual suicide took place in Teide National Park in Tenerife in 1998. However, later commentators disputed this, claiming there was no intention to commit suicide by the group.

Susan J. Palmer
Susan Jean Palmer (born 1946) is a Canadian sociologist of religion and author whose primary research interest is new religious movements. Formerly a professor of religious studies at Dawson College in Westmount, Quebec, she is currently an Affiliate Professor at Concordia University. She has authored and edited several books on NRMs.
Renée Firestone
Renée Firestone (née Weinfeld; born April 13, 1924) is a Hungarian-Jewish survivor of the Holocaust and educator, who became known for her fashion designs in the 1960s after she immigrated to the United States.

USC Shoah Foundation
The USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education, formerly Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation, is a nonprofit organization dedicated to making audio-visual interviews with survivors and witnesses of the Holocaust (which in Hebrew is called the Shoah). It was established by Steven Spielberg in 1994, one year after completing his Academy Award-winning film Schindler's List. In January 2006, the foundation partnered with and relocated to the University of Southern California (USC) and was renamed the USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education. In March 2019, the institute opened their new global headquarters on USC's campus.
Moscow Ballet
The name Moscow Ballet has commonly been applied to a number of different ballet companies, which include:

Moscow Ballet (United States), a Russian ballet company. The Moscow Ballet tours annually in the United States with its Great Russian Nutcracker production.

The Bolshoi Ballet, based in Moscow, Russia has often been referred to generically as "The Moscow Ballet".

A "Moscow Ballet", founded in 1979, gained publicity in 1987 when a dancer, Andrei Ustinov, defected during the company’s first U.S. tour. Its artistic director is Vyacheslav Gordeyev, previously of the Bolshoi Ballet. Its 1987 tour was seen by an estimated 150,000 people.

Bolshoi Ballet
The Bolshoi Ballet is an internationally renowned classical ballet company based at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, Russia. Founded in 1776, the Bolshoi is among the world's oldest ballet companies. In the early 20th century, it came to international prominence as Moscow became the capital of Soviet Russia. The Bolshoi has been recognised as one of the foremost ballet companies in the world. It has a branch at the Bolshoi Ballet Theater School in Joinville, Brazil.
Pachygenys
Pachygenys ("thick jaw") is a genus of scincomorphan lizard from the Lower Cretaceous of Asia, P. thlastesa from the Doushan Formation, China, and P. adachii from the Ohyamashimo Formation, Japan. Its name is composed of the Greek words παχυς pachys ("thick") and γένυς génys ("jaw").

Scincomorpha
Scincomorpha is an infraorder and clade of lizards including skinks (Scincidae) and their close relatives. These include the living families Cordylidae (girdled lizards), Gerrhosauridae (plated lizards), and Xantusiidae (night lizards), as well as many extinct taxa. Other roughly equivalent terms include the suborder Scinciformata, or the superfamily Scincoidea, though different authors use these terms in a broader or more restricted usage relative to true skinks. They first appear in the fossil record about 170 million years ago, during the Jurassic period.
Ashish Vidyarthi
Ashish Vidyarthi (born 19 June 1965) is an Indian actor who predominantly works in Hindi, Telugu, Tamil, Bengali, Kannada, Malayalam, English, Marathi, and Odia films. He is noted for his antagonist and character roles. In 1995, he received the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor for Drohkaal. He has also received several awards including a Filmfare Award South along with nominations for two Filmfare Awards.

Screen Award for Best Actor in a Negative Role
The Screen Award for Best Villain is chosen by a distinguished panel of judges from the Indian Bollywood film industry and the winners are announced in January. The award was further extended when they included a separate female category for performance in a villainous role. Though this was only given once in 1996. Frequent winners include Priyanka Chopra and Ronit Roy with 2 wins each.
Kepler-26e
Kepler-26e is an exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-26, located in the constellation Lyra. It was discovered by the Kepler telescope in February 2014. It orbits its parent star at only 0.220 astronomical units and completes an orbit once every 46.8 days. It is located within the star's habitable zone. The Habitable Worlds Catalog issued by the Planetary Habitability Laboratory classes the planet as a warm superterran near the inner edge of the optimistic habitable zone, with an equilibrium temperature of 262 K (−11 °C; 12 °F). The planet is likely tidally locked due to its proximity to the star.

Super-Earth
A super-Earth is a type of exoplanet with a mass higher than Earth's, but substantially below those of the Solar System's ice giants, Uranus and Neptune, which are 14.5 and 17.1 times Earth's mass respectively. The term "super-Earth" refers only to the mass of the planet, and so does not imply anything about the surface conditions or habitability. The alternative term "gas dwarfs" may be more accurate for those at the higher end of the mass scale, although "mini-Neptunes" is a more common term.
Duisburg: Town and Harbour
51°26′07″N 6°45′46″E﻿ / ﻿51.435147°N 6.762692°E﻿ / 51.435147; 6.762692

Duisburg: Town and Harbour is the Theme Route No. 1 of the Industrial Heritage Trail, which passes through Duisburg, the Inner Harbour, Ruhrort, the Duisburg-Ruhrorter harbour and other attractions on the Rhine and Ruhr. These trails were first developed between 1989 and 1999.

Ruhrort
Ruhrort (German pronunciation: [ˈʁuːɐ̯ʔɔʁt]) is a district in the borough of Homberg/Ruhrort/Baerl within the German city of Duisburg situated north of the confluence of the Ruhr and the Rhine, in the western part of the Ruhr area. Ruhrort has the largest river harbour in the World, with quays extending nearly 40 kilometres along the river, and it is the principal inland shipping port in Germany.
Arahitogami
Arahitogami (現人神) is a Japanese word, meaning a kami (or deity) who is a human being. It first appeared in the Nihon Shoki (c. 720) as the words of Yamato Takeru saying: "I am the son of an arahitogami."

In 1946, at the request of the GHQ, the Shōwa Emperor (Hirohito) proclaimed in the Humanity Declaration that he had never been an akitsumikami (現御神), divinity in human form, and claimed his relation to the people did not rely on such a mythological idea but on a historically developed family-like reliance. However, the declaration excluded the word arahitogami.

In Shinto it is somewhat common for a person to be revered as a god, especially after they have died. Examples include Sugawara no Michizane and Tokugawa Ieyasu.

It is also linked to the Chinese concept of worship of the living.

Yamato Takeru
Yamato Takeru (ヤマトタケルノミコト, Yamato Takeru no Mikoto), originally Prince Ousu (小碓命, Ousu no Mikoto), was a Japanese folk hero and semi-legendary prince of the imperial dynasty, son of Emperor Keikō, who is traditionally counted as the 12th Emperor of Japan. The kanji spelling of his name varies: it appears in the Nihon Shoki as 日本武尊 and in the Kojiki as 倭建命.

The story of his life and death are told principally in the Japanese chronicles in Kojiki (712) and Nihon Shoki (720), but also mentioned in Kogo Shūi (807) and some histories like the Hitachi no Kuni Fudoki (常陸国風土記) (721). One of his sons became Emperor Chūai, the 14th Emperor of Japan.

His history is uncertain but based on the chronicles his life can be calculated. He was born circa 72 and died in 114. Details are different between the two books, and the version in Kojiki is assumed to be loyal to the older form of this legend.
Bodybuilding in the United States
Bodybuilding in the United States traces its early history to the 1860s when it was based on the east coast.  By the 1940s, it had arrived in Hawaii.  In the same period, the country was involved with the early internationalization of the sport. The sport had a golden age during the 1960s and 1970s when much of the activity was taking place on the west coast. Bodybuilding for women began to take off during the 1970s. A number of changes took place in the 1980s.

Mr. America (contest)
The Mr. America contest is a bodybuilding competition started by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU). It was first held on July 4, 1939, and the winner was named "America's Best Built Man".  In 1940 this was changed to what is now known as the Mr. America contest. In the mid-1940s, Joe and Ben Weider started the IFBB as an alternative to the AAU.  They held their opposing contest, the IFBB Mr. America, in 1949 and then from 1959 through 1977. Rights to the Mr. America name have been sold several times after AAU discontinued holding the contests in 1999.
Bankruptcy prediction
Bankruptcy prediction is the art of predicting the bankruptcy and various measures of financial distress of public firms. It is a vast area of finance and accounting research.  The importance of the area is due in part to the relevance for creditors and investors in evaluating the likelihood that a firm may go bankrupt.

The quantity of research is also a function of the availability of data: for public firms which went bankrupt or did not, numerous accounting ratios that might indicate danger can be calculated, and numerous other potential explanatory variables are also available.  Consequently, the area is well-suited for testing of increasingly sophisticated, data-intensive forecasting approaches.

Financial distress
Financial distress is a term in corporate finance used to indicate a condition when promises to creditors of a company are broken or honored with difficulty. If financial distress cannot be relieved, it can lead to bankruptcy. Financial distress is usually associated with some costs to the company; these are known as costs of financial distress.
Zhaksybay (lake)
Zhaksybay (Kazakh: Жақсыбай) is a lake in Nauyrzym District, Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan.

The lake is located 13 kilometers (8.1 mi) to the northeast of Razdolnoye. Road KP-21 passes by the southern lakeshore.

Zhaksybay was named after a Kazakh person.

Kostanay Region
Kostanay Region (Kazakh: Қостанай облысы, romanized: Qostanai oblysy) is a region of Kazakhstan. Its administrative center is the city of Kostanay.  The population of the region is 835,686.  The population living in Kostanay is 207,000, which is equivalent to 23% of the region.
Grzybniczka
Grzybniczka [ɡʐɨbˈnit͡ʂka] (German: Neu Griebnitz) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Manowo, within Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) south-east of Manowo, 22 km (14 mi) south-east of Koszalin, and 140 km (87 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Manowo
Manowo [maˈnɔvɔ] (German: Manow) is a village in Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Manowo. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Koszalin and 138 km (86 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

It has the only Dino in Gmina Manowo and the only non-local shop in Gmina Manowo, other than the Stokrotka in Rosnowo.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village is home to a population of 760 residents.
Donbas State Technical University
Donbas State Technical University (DonSTU) (Ukrainian: Донбаський державний технічний університет; Russian: Донбасский государственный технический университет, romanized: Donbassky gosudarstvenny tekhnichesky universitet) is an institution of higher education in Alchevsk, Ukraine.

Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine
The Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Міністерство освіти і науки України, romanized: Ministerstvo osvity i nauky Ukrainy) is the main body in the system of central bodies of the executive power of Ukraine.