hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Benthall
William Henry Benthall (3 July 1837 – 4 January 1909) was an English first-class cricketer active 1858–68 who played for Middlesex. He played in 37 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman, scoring 1,030 runs with a highest score of 103.

Benthall was born in Westminster in 1837  and educated at Westminster School, Marlborough College and Clare College, Cambridge. He played cricket for Cambridge University and was awarded a blue. After graduating he became a civil servant and was a clerk in the Board of Control (the India Board) and then in the India Office. He was précis writer and assistant private secretary to three Secretaries of State for India: Sir Charles Wood (later Lord Halifax), Lord Cranborne (later Marquess of Salisbury) and Sir Stafford Northcote (later Earl of Iddesleigh). He was private secretary to the Duke of Argyll 1868–74. He died at St Leonards-on-Sea at age 71.

Marlborough College
Marlborough College is a public school (English private boarding school) for pupils aged 13 to 18 in Marlborough, Wiltshire, England. It was founded as Marlborough School in 1843 by the Dean of Manchester, George Hull Bowers, for the education of the sons of Church of England clergy. It now adopts a co-educational model. In 2023 there were around 1000 pupils, approximately 45% of whom were female.

In 2024, the school was included in The Schools Index as one of the 150 best private schools in the world and among the top 30 senior schools in the UK. Fees for boarding pupils in 2024/2025 are £50,985 per year.
Dune II
Dune II: The Building of a Dynasty (titled Dune II: Battle for Arrakis in Europe and Dune: The Battle for Arrakis in North America for the Mega Drive/Genesis port, respectively) is a 1992 real-time strategy game developed by Westwood Studios and published by Virgin Games. It serves as the sequel to Dune (a more traditional adventure game), which came out earlier that same year.

While not the first real-time strategy (RTS) video game, Dune II established the format that would be followed for years to come. As such, Dune II is the archetypal real-time strategy game. Striking a balance between complexity and innovation, it was a huge success and laid the foundation for Age of Empires, Warcraft, Westwood Studios' subsequent strategy game Command & Conquer, and many other RTS games that followed.

Melange (Dune)
Melange (/meɪˈlɑːnʒ/), often referred to as "the spice", is the fictional psychedelic drug central to the Dune series of science fiction novels by Frank Herbert and derivative works.

In the series, the most essential and valuable commodity in the universe is melange, a drug that gives the user a longer life span, greater vitality, and heightened awareness. In some humans, the spice can also unlock prescience, a form of precognition based in genetics but made possible by use of the drug in larger dosages. By far the most important of prescience’s functions is that it makes safe and accurate interstellar travel possible. However, melange is also highly addictive, and withdrawal is fatal. Harvesting melange is also hazardous in the extreme, as its only known source is the harsh desert planet Arrakis, where its deposits are guarded by giant sandworms.
1949 Cork Junior Football Championship
The 1949 Cork Junior Football Championship was the 51st staging of the Cork Junior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1895.

The final was played on 6 November 1949 at the Athletic Grounds in Cork, between Collins and Canovee, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. St Patrick's won the match by 1–05 to 1–01 to claim their first ever championship title.

1895 Cork Junior Football Championship
The 1895 Cork Junior Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Junior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.

The final was played on 13 October 1895 at the Town Park in Mallow, between William O'Briens and Dromtarriffe. William O'Briens won the match by 0–04 to 0–01 to claim their first ever championship title in the grade.
Uncontrolled format string
Uncontrolled format string is a type of code injection vulnerability discovered around 1989 that can be used in security exploits. Originally thought harmless, format string exploits can be used to crash a program or to execute harmful code. The problem stems from the use of unchecked user input as the format string parameter in certain C functions that perform formatting, such as printf(). A malicious user may use the %s and %x format tokens, among others, to print data from the call stack or possibly other locations in memory. One may also write arbitrary data to arbitrary locations using the %n format token, which commands printf() and similar functions to write the number of bytes formatted to an address stored on the stack.

Exploit (computer security)
An exploit is a method or piece of code that takes advantage of vulnerabilities in software, applications, networks, operating systems, or hardware, typically for malicious purposes.
The term "exploit" derives from the English verb "to exploit," meaning "to use something to one’s own advantage."
Exploits are designed to identify flaws, bypass security measures, gain unauthorized access to systems, take control of systems, install malware, or steal sensitive data.
While an exploit by itself may not be a malware, it serves as a vehicle for delivering malicious software by breaching security controls.

Researchers estimate that malicious exploits cost the global economy over US$450 billion annually.
In response to this threat, organizations are increasingly utilizing cyber threat intelligence to identify vulnerabilities and prevent hacks before they occur.
Enemy Ace
Enemy Ace (German: Feindliches Ass) is a DC Comics property about the adventures of a skilled but troubled German anti-hero and flying ace in World War I and World War II, Hans von Hammer, known to the world as "The Hammer of Hell". Debuting in 1965, the comic was written by Robert Kanigher and drawn by Joe Kubert and the character has been revived several times since by other writers and artists.

Messerschmitt Bf 109 variants
Due to the Messerschmitt Bf 109's versatility and time in service with the German and foreign air forces, numerous variants were produced in Germany to serve for over eight years with the Luftwaffe. Additional variants were produced abroad totalling in 34,852 Bf 109s built.

"The 109 was a dream, the non plus ultra. Of course, everyone wanted to fly it as soon as possible."
Munsey Park, New York
Munsey Park is a village in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. It is considered part of the Greater Manhasset area, which is anchored by Manhasset. The population was 2,809 at the time of the 2020 census.

The Incorporated Village of Munsey Park is located entirely within the Town of North Hempstead, and has been recognized as a Tree City USA since 1983.

Special district (United States)
Special districts (also known as special service districts, special district governments, or limited purpose entities) are independent, special-purpose governmental units that exist separately from local governments such as county, municipal, and township governments, with substantial administrative and fiscal independence. They are formed to perform a single function or a set of related functions. The term special district governments as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau excludes school districts. In 2017, the U.S. had more than 51,296 special district governments.
Fandango Media
Fandango Media, LLC is an American ticketing company that sells movie tickets via its website and its mobile app. It also owns Fandango at Home (formerly owned by Walmart and originally known as Vudu), a streaming digital video store and streaming service, and Rotten Tomatoes, a website that provides television and streaming media information. It is a joint venture between Versant and Warner Bros. Discovery.

Warner Bros. Discovery
Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. (WBD) is an American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered in New York City. It was formed from WarnerMedia's spin-off by AT&T and merger with Discovery, Inc. on April 8, 2022.

Warner Bros. Discovery operates via two divisions: Streaming & Studios (S&S) and Global Linear Networks (GLN). S&S includes the flagship Warner Bros. studios, HBO, DC Entertainment, and the Warner Bros. Discovery's streaming services. GLN largely includes advertising-supported cable networks. Those networks were inherited from its predecessors Discovery (such as Discovery Channel among others), Scripps Networks Interactive (such as HGTV among others), and Turner Broadcasting System (such as Cartoon Network, Boomerang, CNN, TBS, and TNT). Warner Bros. Discovery International is also included in the division, which manages broadcasting operations outside of the United States.
Blainville (provincial electoral district)
Blainville is a provincial electoral district in the Laurentides region of Quebec, Canada that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec. It contains the city of Blainville and two other smaller municipalities.

It was created for the 1994 election from Groulx and Terrebonne electoral districts.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it lost a part of the city of Blainville to Groulx electoral district; previously, the entire city was within Blainville electoral district.

In the change from the 2011 to 2017 electoral map, the riding lost Sainte-Anne-des-Plaines to the new riding of Les Plaines and gained the Saint-Rédempteur neighbourhood of Blainville from Groulx.

Terrebonne (provincial electoral district)
Terrebonne (French pronunciation: [tɛʁbɔn]) is a provincial electoral district in Quebec, Canada that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.  It consists of all of the city of Terrebonne except for the  former cities of La Plaine and Lachenaie.

It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada).

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it lost part of the city of Terrebonne to the L'Assomption electoral district.
Lars Hjälmered
Lars Olof Hjälmered (born 22 February 1977) is a Swedish politician for the Moderate Party. He was member of the Riksdag from 2006 to 2022, representing Gothenburg Municipality. Since October 2022, Hjälmered is state secretary with responsibility for state owned companies at the Ministry of Finance under Minister for Finance Elisabeth Svantesson.

Hjälmered is a trained civil engineer in mechanical engineering, he studied at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg. He has worked at Volvo Aero in Trollhättan before he was elected to the Riksdag. He has also been a member of Gothenburg's municipal council.

Committee on Transport and Communications
The (Parliamentary) Committee on Transport and Communications (Swedish: Trafikutskottet, TU) is a parliamentary committee in the Swedish Riksdag. The committee areas of responsibility concern roads, railway, the sea and air transport, road traffic safety, mail services, telecommunication, and Information technology (IT) as well as research activities in the field of communication.

The committee's Speaker is Ulrika Heie from the Centre Party, with Thomas Morell as the vice-Speaker from the Sweden Democrats.
Townley Haas
Francis Townley Haas (born December 13, 1996) is an American retired competitive swimmer who specialized in freestyle events. He is an Olympic gold medalist in the 4 × 200 m freestyle relay from the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. Haas competed collegiately for the University of Texas at Austin from 2015 to 2019 under head coach Eddie Reese where he was a 10-time NCAA Champion, a 17-time All-American, and a 3-time NCAA team champion (2016, 2017, and 2018). He is the former American record-holder in the 200-yard freestyle (1:29.50) and represented the Cali Condors in the International Swimming League.

NCAA Division I men's swimming and diving championships
The NCAA Division I men's swimming and diving championships (formerly the NCAA University Division swimming and diving championships) are contested at an annual swim meet hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the individual and team champions of men's collegiate swimming and diving among its Division I members in the United States. It has been held every year since 1924, except 2020.

The meets take place in a 25-yard pool, except for the Division I meets in 2000 and 2004 which were swum in a 25-meter competition course.

Texas have been the most successful program, with 16 national titles.
Misterton Rural District
Misterton was a rural district in Nottinghamshire, England from 1894 to 1935.

It was formed under the Local Government Act 1894, from the part of the Gainsborough rural sanitary district which was in Nottinghamshire (the rest forming Gainsborough Rural District in Lincolnshire.)

It included the following parishes

Beckingham

Bole

Misterton

Saundby

Walkeringham

West Burton

West Stockwith

The district was abolished in 1935 under a County Review Order, and was added to the existing East Retford Rural District.  Since 1974 it has been in the Bassetlaw district.

Walkeringham
Walkeringham  is a village and civil parish in Nottinghamshire, England. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 908, increasing to 1,022 at the 2011 census, and additionally to 1,118 at the 2021 census. The parish church of St Mary Magdalen is 13th century. It has one public house: The Fox and Hounds.

Southmoor lodge, employs 29 local people to care for 40 older people. It also has a former station house (now a private residence) and a level crossing across Station Road. The end of Station Road is cut off by the River Trent. Walkeringham's housing was extended in the mid-1960s to accommodate the workers of West Burton Power Station. The village also has a small school, which has recently been extended with a new hall (2010).
Broadway & 52nd
Broadway & 52nd is the second studio album by jazz-rap group Us3 and has a more dark, conscious mood to it than their first album.

On the album, the group continued mixing live musicians with samples and hip hop lyrics. While the album was not as well received as the debut album Hand on the Torch, it represented a more mature approach to jazz rap. After the huge success of their first album, the president of Blue Note records allowed the trio to dig deep into Blue Note's vault and do whatever they wanted to do with its material.

The album's title comes from the street intersection in the middle of the theater district in New York City, which used to be the center of bebop in New York City.

Hand On the Torch
Hand on the Torch is the debut studio album by British jazz rap group Us3. It received widespread attention due to its mixture of jazz with hip-hop music, with material from popular jazz musicians of the 20th century being reimagined. The samples used on the album are from old Blue Note Records classics: the most famous was Herbie Hancock's "Cantaloupe Island", which Us3 used on the track "Cantaloop (Flip Fantasia)". It came out as a single having two different music videos.

In 2003, The Ultimate Hand on the Torch was released, including many of the songs used as sampling material on Hand on the Torch.

The album was a critical success and reached a widespread audience, with the work being nominated for a Grammy Award. It also was the first platinum-certified album put out by Blue Note Records.
Apical foramen
In dental anatomy, the apical foramen, literally translated "small opening of the apex," is the tooth's natural opening, found at the root's very tip—that is, the root apex — whereby an artery, vein, and nerve enter the tooth and commingle with the tooth's internal soft tissue, called pulp.  Additionally, the apical foramen is the point where the pulp meets the periodontal tissues, the connective tissues that surround and support the tooth. The foramen is located 0.5mm to 1.5mm from the apex of the tooth. Each tooth has an apical foramen.

Debridement
Debridement is the medical removal of dead, damaged, or infected tissue to improve the healing potential of the remaining healthy tissue. Removal may be surgical, mechanical, chemical, autolytic (self-digestion), or by maggot therapy.

In podiatry, practitioners such as chiropodists, podiatrists and foot health practitioners remove conditions such as calluses and verrucas.

Debridement is an important part of the healing process for burns and other serious wounds; it is also used for treating some kinds of snake and spider bites.

Sometimes the boundaries of the problem tissue may not be clearly defined. For example, when excising a tumor, there may be micrometastases along the edges of the tumor that are too small to be detected, but if not removed, could cause a relapse. In such circumstances, a surgeon may opt to debride a portion of the surrounding healthy tissue to ensure that the tumor is completely removed.
Stellar (magazine)
Stellar Magazine (stylised as STELLAR MAGAZINE) is a glossy Irish lifestyle and fashion magazine targeted at female readers in the age group of eighteen to thirty-four. It is part of the VIP publishing franchise of Michael O'Doherty. Stellar was launched on 15 October 2008 as the second of O'Doherty's solo business ventures, following the publication of the teenage-oriented advice magazine Kiss which was launched on 31 October 2002. O'Doherty had previously engaged in a number of co-ordinated business ventures in Ireland with his former business partner John Ryan; Stellar succeeded the co-owned establishments of Magill in 1997 and VIP in 1999 and preceded later titles such as the unsuccessful New York Dog magazine which was based in New York City and aimed at the city's animal lovers. Stellar's chief rivals are the Irish Tatler and Image.

Image (Irish magazine)
Image (stylised as IMAGE) is an Irish lifestyle and fashion magazine launched in 1975 by publisher Kevin Kelly and his wife Rose. It has 120,000 readers a month and is "Ireland's best-read glossy".

IMAGE Media today: From podcasts to print, video to virtual events, social to online, the award-winning team are multi-channel creators who bring ideas that matter and stories that captivate their community of informed, intelligent Irish women and men. IMAGE.ie now sees an average of 500,000 unique users a month.
Image and its sister title Image Interiors was published by magazine publisher Kevin Kelly. Other titles include Image Brides and Garden Heaven.

In 2010, Kelly sold his share in the Image Publications Limited to a director of the company Robert Power, the company had been financed by loans from Power and another director and the second editor of the magazine Ann Reihill. Reihill retired from the magazine in 2016.
Pied harrier
The pied harrier (Circus melanoleucos) is a bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, named for the male's distinctive white and black colouration.

It is a migratory bird endemic to Asia, ranging roughly from southern Siberia to the Philippines. They are primarily solitary although will sometimes form loose groups. They mostly live in open country and eat small mammals.

Courtship display
A courtship display is a set of display behaviors in which an animal, usually a male, attempts to attract a mate; the mate exercises choice, so sexual selection acts on the display. These behaviors often include ritualized movement ("dances"), vocalizations, mechanical sound production, or displays of beauty, strength, or agonistic ability.
Puget Sound faults
The Puget Sound faults under the heavily populated Puget Sound region (Puget Lowland) of Washington state form a regional complex of interrelated seismogenic (earthquake-causing) geologic faults. These include (from north to south, see map) the:

Devils Mountain Fault

Strawberry Point and Utsalady Point faults

Southern Whidbey Island Fault (SWIF)

Rogers Belt (Mount Vernon Fault/Granite Falls Fault Zone)

Cherry Creek Fault Zone

Rattlesnake Mountain Fault Zone

Seattle Fault

Tacoma Fault

Saddle Mountain Faults

Olympia structure (suspected fault)

Doty Fault

Saint Helens Zone and Western Rainier Zone

Syncline
In structural geology, a syncline is a fold with younger layers closer to the center of the structure, whereas an anticline is the inverse of a syncline.   A synclinorium (plural synclinoriums or synclinoria) is a large syncline with superimposed smaller folds.  Synclines are typically a downward fold (synform), termed a synformal syncline (i.e. a trough), but synclines that point upwards can be found when strata have been overturned and folded (an antiformal syncline).
Yan Prefecture (Shandong)
Yanzhou or Yan Prefecture was a zhou (prefecture) in imperial China centering on modern Yanzhou District, Jining, Shandong, China. It existed (intermittently) until 1385, when the Ming dynasty created Yanzhou Prefecture.

Yan Prefecture was named after Yan Province, one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China. The modern district of Yanzhou District retains its name.

Yanzhou, Jining
Yanzhou (postal: Yenchow; simplified Chinese: 兖州; traditional Chinese: 兗州; pinyin: Yǎnzhōu) is a district in the prefecture-level city of Jining, in the southwest of Shandong province, People's Republic of China. It was also the name of one of the Nine Provinces in ancient China, where Yu combated floods by water control.
Tamir Hendelman
Tamir Hendelman (Hebrew: תמיר הנדלמן; born 1971) is an Israeli-American jazz pianist.

Hendelman has performed with the Jeff Hamilton Trio, the Clayton-Hamilton Jazz Orchestra, Harry Allen, Teddy Edwards, Warren Vaché, Houston Person, Jeff Clayton, Nick Brignola, Phil Upchurch, Rickey Woodard, John Clayton and Barbara Morrison. He also leads his own trio and his debut CD Playground features him in this trio setting. His album Destinations features Lewis Nash and Marco Panascia. The album reached number one on the JazzWeek Jazz Charts in September 2010.

Houston Person
Houston Person (born November 10, 1934) is an American jazz tenor saxophonist and record producer. Although he has performed in the hard bop and swing genres, he is most experienced in and best known for his work in soul jazz. He received the "Eubie Blake Jazz Award" in 1982.
United Gulf Bank
United Gulf Bank (UGB) is a commercial bank located in Manama, Bahrain, founded in 1980.

UGB works under a wholesale banking licence from the Central Bank of Bahrain and is listed on the Bahrain Stock Exchange. From 1988 is a member of the Kuwait Projects Company Holding (KIPCO).

The bank building, UGB Tower, designed by SOM, contains elements of the local architecture and energy saving features for the high-rise office buildings.

Central Bank of Bahrain
The Central Bank of Bahrain (CBB) is the central bank of Bahrain. It is a public corporate entity that was established by the Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law 2006. on 6 September 2006.

Decree No. 64 of 2006 with respect to promulgating the Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law established the Central Bank of Bahrain in place of the Bahrain Monetary Agency. The Bank is located in the Diplomatic Area of Manama, in Bahrain.

Its responsibilities include, implement monetary policy, supervise and regulate the banking sector, acting as the government's fiscal agent, encouraging the growth of Bahrain as a major international financial centre, and to manage the foreign currency, cash and gold reserves of the Kingdom.