hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Genipin
Genipin is a chemical compound found in Genipa americana fruit extract.  It is an aglycone derived from an iridoid glycoside called geniposide which is also present in fruit of Gardenia jasminoides.

Genipin is an excellent natural cross-linker for proteins, collagen, gelatin, and chitosan cross-linking. It has a low acute toxicity, with LD50 i.v. 382 mg/kg in mice, therefore, much less toxic than glutaraldehyde and many other commonly used synthetic cross-linking reagents. Furthermore, genipin can be used as a regulating agent for drug delivery, as the raw material for gardenia blue pigment preparation, and as the intermediate for alkaloid syntheses.

In vitro experiments have shown that genipin blocks the action of the transporter uncoupling protein 2.

Iridoid
Iridoids are a type of monoterpenoids in the general form of cyclopentanopyran, found in a wide variety of plants and some animals. They are biosynthetically derived from 8-oxogeranial.  Iridoids are typically found in plants as glycosides, most often bound to glucose.

The chemical structure is exemplified by iridomyrmecin, a defensive chemical produced by the ant genus Iridomyrmex, for which iridoids are named.  Structurally, they are bicyclic cis-fused cyclopentane-pyrans.  Cleavage of a bond in the cyclopentane ring gives rise to a subclass known as secoiridoids, such as oleuropein and amarogentin.
Debay Telatgen
Debay Telatgen is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Misraq Gojjam Zone, Debay Telatgen is bordered on the extreme south by Dejen, on the southwest by Awabel, on the west by Sinan, on the northwest by Bibugn, on the north by Hulet Ej Enese, on the northeast by Enarj Enawga, and on the east by Enemay. The major town in Debay Telatgen is Kuyi.

This woreda was selected as one of the areas for Agri-Service Ethiopia to develop an Integrated Rural Development Program in 1987. This Program assisted 10,000 heads of households with agricultural production and problems caused by overgrazing.

Bibugn
Bibugn (Amharic: ቢቡኝ) is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Misraq Gojjam Zone, Bibugn is bordered on the south by Sinan, on the west by Dega Damot woreda in the Mirab Gojjam Zone, on the northwest by Goncha, and on the east by Hulet Ej Enese. Towns in Bibugn include Digua Tsion, Weyin Wuha and Wabirr. Digo tsion (ድጎፅዮን) is the center of Bibugn wereda. There are over 15 kebelles in Bibugn wereda; among those, Debiresina is one of a kebelle that found in the north part.
Miss Grand International 2019
Miss Grand International 2019 was the seventh Miss Grand International pageant, held at the Poliedro de Caracas in Caracas, Venezuela, on 25 October 2019.

Clara Sosa of Paraguay crowned Valentina Figuera of Venezuela as her successor at the end of the event. This was the first time that the host country delegate won the crown.

Miss Tourism International
Miss Tourism International is an annual international beauty pageant run and owned by Malaysia–based D’Touch International Sdn. Bhd. Foundation.

The current Miss Tourism International is Zuzanna Balonek from Poland. She was crowned on October 18, 2025, at the Resorts World Genting, Genting Highlands, Bentong, Pahang, Malaysia.
Church of Alexandria
The Church of Alexandria in Egypt was the Christian Church headed by the patriarch of Alexandria. It was one of the five sees of the pentarchy, alongside Rome, Antioch, Constantinople and Jerusalem.

Tradition holds that Saint Mark the Evangelist founded the Church of Alexandria c. 49 AD. Alexandrian Christianity greatly influenced the early Church in much of Africa.
Alexandria claims jurisdiction over all Christians on the African continent.

Today, three churches claim to be direct heirs of the original Church of Alexandria:

The Coptic Orthodox Church (Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria), an Oriental Orthodox church

The Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria (Patriarchate of Alexandria and All Africa), part of the wider Eastern Orthodox Church

The Coptic Catholic Church, one of 23 Eastern Catholic churches in full communion with the Catholic Church led by the Bishop of Rome

Formerly the Latin Patriarchate of Alexandria also did so.

Church of Antioch
The Church of Antioch (Arabic: كنيسة أنطاكية, romanized: kánīsa ʾanṭākiya, pronounced [ka.niː.sa ʔan.tˤaː.ki.ja]; Turkish: Antakya Kilisesi) was the first of the five major churches of what later became the pentarchy in Christianity, with its primary seat in the ancient Greek city of Antioch (present-day Antakya, Turkey).

The earliest record of the church of Antioch is given in Acts 11, stating that some "men of Cyprus and Cyrene, which, when they had come to Antioch, spoke to the Grecians, preaching the Lord Jesus [...] and a great number believed, and turned to the Lord." Later, at the start of their missionary journeys, Paul the Apostle (also called Saul) and Barnabas preached in Antioch for a year, and followers of the church were called "Christians" for the first time.
FAW MV3
The FAW MV3 is the third generation military truck developed by First Automobile Works (FAW). Since 2011, FAW MV3 is the standardized military truck used widely by the Chinese People's Liberation Army. The utility truck has two configurations, 4x4 and more commonly 6x6, both featuring cross-country mobility. The truck also comes with options on single or double armored cabs. It is the Chinese equivalent of US Army M939 and MTVR.

The development of the MV3 finished in 2011 and won the Army endorsement from a competition in 2011 against three other state-owned military vehicle manufacturing corporation. MV3 will be the next generation universal transport/cargo truck, replacing Dongfeng EQ240/EQ2081 and Dongfeng EQ245/EQ2100.

Dongfeng EQ245/EQ2100
The EQ245/EQ2100 is a 3.5 tonne capacity, six-wheel drive troop/cargo carrier truck developed and built by Dongfeng Motor Corporation and used by the People's Liberation Army of the People's Republic of China for transport.

It entered service in the 1980s as the EQ245 and renamed EQ2100E in the 1990s.
Agrionympha pseudovari
Agrionympha pseudovari is a species of moth belonging to the family Micropterigidae. It was described by George W. Gibbs and Niels P. Kristensen in 2011. It is found in South Africa, where it is known only from the Western Cape.

Its habitat consists of a deep sandstone kloof where damp seepage has permitted growth of liverworts.

The length of the forewings is about 3.5 mm for females.

Micropterigidae
Micropterigoidea is the superfamily of "mandibulate archaic moths", all placed in the single family Micropterigidae, containing currently about twenty living genera. They are considered the most primitive extant lineage of lepidoptera (Kristensen, 1999), and the sole superfamily in the suborder Zeugloptera. The name comes from the Greek for mikros, little and pterux, a wing. Unique among the Lepidoptera, these moths have chewing mouthparts rather than a proboscis, and are seen feeding, often in large aggregations, on the pollen of the flowers of many herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees. The fossil record of the group goes back to the middle-late Jurassic with the earliest known species being Auliepterix from the Karabastau Formation in Kazakhstan.

Micropterigid larvae possess a uniquely specialised trunk cuticle, in which the exo- and endocuticle are separated by fluid-filled chambers arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each chamber corresponding to an individual epidermal cell.
St Stephen's Church, Rosslyn Hill
St. Stephen's is a former church building in Hampstead, London. It is sited on Rosslyn Hill at its junction with Pond Street, a steep slope adjacent to the Royal Free Hospital, and held up to 1,200 worshippers at its peak.

Royal Free Hospital
The Royal Free Hospital (also known as the Royal Free) is a major teaching hospital in the Hampstead area of the London Borough of Camden. The hospital is part of the Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, which also runs services at Barnet Hospital, Chase Farm Hospital, North Middlesex University Hospital and a number of other sites. The trust is a founder member of the UCLPartners academic health science centre.
Marianów, Gmina Słupia
Marianów [maˈrjanuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Słupia, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Słupia, 20 km (12 mi) south-west of Skierniewice, and 32 km (20 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Słupia, Skierniewice County
Słupia [ˈswupja] is a village in Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Słupia. It lies approximately 17 km (11 mi) south-west of Skierniewice and 36 km (22 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.
Santa Maria (Tatjana song)
"Santa Maria" is a song originally released in 1995 by Croatian-Dutch artist and model Tatjana. It was written by Kirsti Johansen and Kjetil Røsnes of Norwegian disco and dance duo Avalanche with Mike Stock and Matt Aitken, two former members of the Stock Aitken Waterman production trio. The song was recorded for the European market, although Tatjana's version was issued in the US on Popular Records as a CD maxi single. It was covered by DJ Milano and British singer Samantha Fox in 1997.

Eurodance
Eurodance (sometimes referred to as Euro-NRG) is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in the late 1980s in Europe. It combines many elements of rap, techno and Eurodisco. This genre of music is heavily influenced by the use of rich vocals, sometimes with rapped verses. This, combined with cutting-edge synthesizers, strong bass rhythm and melodic hooks, establishes the core foundation of Eurodance music.
Shavkat Rakhmonov
Shavkat Baqtibaiuly Rakhmonov (Kazakh: Шавкат Бақтыбайұлы Рахмонов, [ʂɑfˈkɑt bɑqtʰɯˈbɑjo̙ɫɯ rɑhˈmonɯf]; born October 23, 1994) is a Kazakh professional mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the Welterweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). A professional since 2014,
Rakhmonov is also a former M-1 Global Welterweight Champion.

Welterweight (MMA)
The welterweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's welterweight division, which groups competitors within 156 to 170 lb (71 to 77 kg)

The ONE Championship's welterweight division, with upper limit at 83.9 kg (185.0 lb)
History of company law in the United Kingdom
The history of company law in the United Kingdom concerns the change and development in UK company law within the context of the history of companies, deriving from its predecessors in Roman and English law. Company law in its current form dates from the mid-nineteenth century, however other forms of business association developed long before.

Bubble Act
The Bubble Act 1720 (6 Geo. 1. c. 18) (also Royal Exchange and London Assurance Corporation Act 1719) was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain passed on 11 June 1720 that incorporated the Royal Exchange Assurance Corporation and the London Assurance Corporation, but more significantly forbade the formation of any other joint-stock companies unless approved by royal charter.

Its provisions were extended later by the Bubble Schemes (Colonies) Act 1740 (14 Geo. 2. c. 37) to include its colonies, particularly Massachusetts.
Omar El Kaddouri
Omar El Kaddouri (Arabic: عُمَر الْقَادُورِيّ; Riffian-Berber: ⵄⵎⴰⵔ ⵍⵇⴰⴷⵓⵔⵉ; born 21 August 1990) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder or a winger. Born in Belgium, he represented Morocco at international level.

2018–19 Greek Football Cup
The 2018–19 Greek Football Cup was the 77th season of the Greek Football Cup. A total of 73 clubs were accepted to enter, 16 from the Super League, 16 from the Football League and the 41 previous season local FCA Cup winners. PAOK won the competition for third consecutive year beating AEK Athens 1–0 in the final held at the Olympic Stadium.
IndieWebCamp
IndieWebCamp is a two-day unconference for independent web creators and publishers, founded in 2011 in Portland, Oregon. It is part of the broader IndieWeb movement, which encourages people to own their content and identities on their own websites. Since its inception, IndieWebCamp has been held in multiple cities across the United States and Europe, including Brighton, Berlin, Amsterdam, and New York City, as well as in hybrid and online formats since 2020.

The event was founded by Tantek Çelik, Amber Case, Crystal Beasley and Aaron Parecki, with an aim to empower everyone to publish to their own websites, while still reaching their contacts on "silo" sites like Twitter and Facebook.

While the attendees of the original events were largely technologists; journalists, bloggers and media professionals have begun to attend in order to gain greater control over their own content online.

Unconference
An unconference is a participant-driven meeting. The term "unconference" has been applied to a wide range of gatherings that try to avoid hierarchical aspects of a conventional conference, such as sponsored presentations and top-down organization.
Jaime Hurtado
Jaime Ricaurte Hurtado González (7 February 1937 – 17 February 1999) was an Ecuadorian politician of African descent aligned with the Democratic People's Movement (MPD), a deputy in the Ecuadorian parliament, and at the time of his death was standing for election to the Ecuadorian presidency.

León Febres Cordero
León Esteban Febres-Cordero Ribadeneyra (9 March 1931 – 15 December 2008), known in the Ecuadorian media as LFC or more simply Febres-Cordero, was an Ecuadorian politician who was the 35th President of Ecuador, serving a four-year term from 10 August 1984 to 10 August 1988. During his presidency he sought to introduce market-oriented reforms, and also led a security crackdown on a small guerrilla group named ¡Alfaro Vive, Carajo!.
Noah Great Voyage in Fukuoka 2022
Noah Great Voyage in Fukuoka 2022 was a professional wrestling event promoted by CyberFight's sub-brand Pro Wrestling Noah. It took place on March 21, 2022, in Fukuoka, Japan, at the Fukuoka Convention Center. The event aired on CyberAgent's AbemaTV online linear television service and CyberFight's streaming service Wrestle Universe.

Abema
Abema (アベマ; often stylized as all caps) is a Japanese streaming service that launched on April 11, 2016, under the name AbemaTV. It is majority-owned by CyberAgent, with a 55.2% stake, and TV Asahi, with a 36.8% stake, while the remaining ownership belongs to various other companies, mostly in the media and entertainment industry.

Abema primarily functions as an online television network, featuring multiple FAST channels that offer news, sports, entertainment programming, with the option to become a premium member to view past programs on demand.
Melissa Vargas
Melissa Teresa Vargas Abreu (born 16 October 1999 in Cienfuegos, Cuba) is  a Cuban and Turkish volleyball player, who plays for Fenerbahçe and the Turkey women's national volleyball team.

She was a member of the Cuba women's national volleyball team and was part of the national team at the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Italy. Since 2023, she has been playing in the Turkey women's national volleyball team.

2022–23 Turkish Women's Volleyball League
The 2022–23 Turkish Women's Volleyball League is the 40th volleyball tournament year and the top-level women's volleyball tournament of the newly branded and reorganized Turkish Women's Volleyball League. The winner, runner-up and third of Turkish Women's Volleyball League will play in CEV Champions League league round and 4th place will play in CEV Cup main phase. The 5th place will play in CEV Challenge Cup main phase while the last 2 teams in the Turkish Women's Volleyball League will be relegated to the Second League. The last season's champion is VakıfBank, who have won the league 13 times.
Pynyonade
Pynyonade or pinionade was a type of confit or confection made with pine nuts and powder-douce in medieval England. Some historic recipes included honey, which may have made it similar to the modern nut brittle. It was imported to England from the Mediterranean in boxes along with other sweets like festucade, citrinade, pomade and gingerbread. There are surviving records showing Katherine de Norwich receiving boxes of pinionade in 1336. The etymology of the word is thought to derive either from the Catalan pinyonada or the Old Occitan pinhonat.

The Forme of Cury gives the recipe as:

Take Almandes iblanced and drawer hem sumdell thicke with gode broth...set on the fire and seeþ it...take Pynes yfryed in oyle oþer in greece and þerto white Powdour douce

Gingerbread
Gingerbread refers to a broad category of baked goods, typically flavored with ginger, cloves, nutmeg, and cinnamon and sweetened with honey, sugar, or molasses. Gingerbread foods vary, ranging from a moist loaf cake to forms nearly as crisp as a ginger snap.
Operation Tun Tun
Operation Tun Tun (Spanish: Operación Tun Tun), also known as Operation Knock Knock, is the name coined by pro-government deputy Diosdado Cabello during the 2017 Venezuelan protests that describes a crackdown on dissent from the Venezuelan opposition using state security forces.

After the 2024 Venezuelan presidential election, Operation Tun Tun was activated to arrest large numbers of protesters and people opposed to the government of Nicolás Maduro and, according to human rights activists, to instill fear in opponents of the government and quell the 2024 Venezuelan protests.

2017 Venezuelan protests
The 2017 Venezuelan protests were a series of protests occurring throughout Venezuela. Protests began in January 2017 after the arrest of multiple opposition leaders and the cancellation of dialogue between the opposition and Nicolás Maduro's government.

As the tension continued, the 2017 Venezuelan constitutional crisis began in late March when the pro-government Supreme Tribunal of Justice (TSJ) dissolved the opposition-led National Assembly, with the intensity of protests increasing greatly throughout Venezuela following the decision. As April arrived,  the protests grew "into the most combative since a wave of unrest in 2014" resulting from the crisis with hundreds of thousands of Venezuelans protesting daily through the month and into May. After failing to prevent the July Constituent Assembly election, the opposition and protests largely lost momentum.
Kifayat al-Usul
Kifayat al-Usul (Arabic: كفاية الاصول) (Sufficiency of Principles) is a two-volume book that contains the most notable works of Akhund Khorasani in the field of Principles of Islamic jurisprudence (Usul al-Fiqh). Kifayat al-Usul is often used in the advanced classes at Shi'ite seminaries all-over the world as the main text on the methodology of law.

Marja'
Marja' (Arabic: مرجع, romanized: marjiʿ ; plural marājiʿ ; lit. 'source to follow'  or 'religious reference') is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia religious cleric, with the authority given by a hawzah (a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated) to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and clerics below him in rank. The highest ranking marjiʿ is known as the marja al-mutlaq or marja al-taqlid al-mutlaq. A marji' is usually also a grand ayatollah.

Sources differ as to when the institution of the marja' emerged, with Murtadha al-Ansari (died 1864) and Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (died 940 or 941) both being called the first marja'.

As of 2023, there are more than 50 living maraji, almost all residing in Iran or Iraq.
1898 Yale Bulldogs football team
The 1898 Yale Bulldogs football team represented Yale University in the 1898 college football season. The Bulldogs finished with a 9–2 record, under second-year head coach Frank Butterworth.  The team recorded seven shutouts and won its first nine games by a combined 146 to 11 score. It then lost its final two games against rivals Princeton (6–0) and Harvard (17–0).

Three Yale players, halfback Malcolm McBride and guards Burr Chamberlain and Gordon Brown, were consensus picks for the 1898 College Football All-America Team.

Gordon Brown (guard)
Francis Gordon "Skim" Brown Jr. (September 6, 1879 – May 10, 1911) was an American college football guard who played for the Yale Bulldogs. He is one of only five players to have been recognized as a consensus All-American in four separate seasons.

Brown captained the 1900 Yale football team, which went 12–0, outscored its opposition 336–10, fielded seven All-Americans, was retroactively awarded the national championship, and was dubbed the "Team of the Century."
Policarpa Salavarrieta
Policarpa Salavarrieta Ríos (c. 26 January 1795 – 14 November 1817), also known by her nickname of La Pola, was a Neogranadine seamstress who spied for the Revolutionary Forces during the Spanish Reconquista of the Viceroyalty of New Granada. She was captured by Spanish Royalists and ultimately executed for high treason. The Day of the Colombian Woman is commemorated on the anniversary of her death. She is now considered a heroine of the independence of Colombia.

Royalist (Spanish American independence)
The royalists were the people of Hispanic America (mostly from native and indigenous peoples) and Europeans that fought to preserve the integrity of the Spanish monarchy  during the Spanish American wars of independence.

In the early years of the conflict, when King Ferdinand VII was captive in France, royalists supported the authority in the Americas of the Supreme Central Junta of Spain and the Indies and the Cortes of Cádiz that ruled in the King's name during the Peninsular War. During the Trienio Liberal in 1820, after the restoration of Ferdinand VII in 1814, the royalists were split between Absolutists, those that supported his insistence to rule under traditional law, and liberals, who sought to reinstate the reforms enacted by the Cortes of Cádiz.
Odontostomias micropogon
Odontostomias micropogon is a species of barbeled dragonfish in the genus Odontostomias. The species has been documented in the eastern Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Senegal, and fully-grown members of the species can reach a maximum length of ~29.5 centimeters.

Stomiidae
Stomiidae is a family of deep-sea ray-finned fish, including the barbeled dragonfishes, that live in all oceans in a wide range of depths. They are quite small, ranging around 15 to 26 centimetres (5.9 to 10.2 in) long, and they exhibit a strong sexual dimorphism. These fish are apex predators and have enormous jaws filled with fang-like teeth; their specially adapted neurocranium and upper-jaw system allows them to open their jaws to more than 100 degrees. This ability allows them to consume extremely large prey, often 50% greater than their standard length.
MusicEase
MusicEase is a WYSIWYG scorewriter created by Gary Rader and produced by MusicEase Software (formerly known as Grandmaster). It enables computers using Microsoft Windows and macOS to produce musical notation and listen to them in MIDI.

Tablature
Tablature (or tab for short) is a form of musical notation indicating instrument fingering or the location of the played notes rather than musical pitches.

Tablature is common for fretted stringed instruments such as the guitar, lute or vihuela, as well as many free reed aerophones such as the harmonica.  Tablature was common during the Renaissance and Baroque eras, and is commonly used today in notating many forms of music.

Three types of organ tablature were used in Europe: German, Spanish and Italian.

To distinguish standard musical notation from tablature, the former is usually called "staff notation" or just "notation".