hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
African Liberation Forces of Mauritania
The African Liberation Forces of Mauritania (French: Forces de Libération Africaines de Mauritanie; abbreviated FLAM) was an illegal and exiled paramilitary organization for Black natives and inhabitants of Mauritania.

Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla
Colonel Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla (Arabic: محمد خونا ولد هيداله Muḥammad Khouna Wald Haidalla; born 1940) is a Mauritanian former military officer and politician who served as  the head of state of Mauritania from 4 January 1980 to 12 December 1984.

He was an unsuccessful candidate in the 2003 presidential election and the 2007 presidential election.
1999 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay
The men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay competition at the 1999 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 25 at the Sydney International Aquatic Centre.  The last champion was the United States.

This race consisted of sixteen lengths of the pool. Each of the four swimmers completed four lengths of the pool. The first swimmer had to touch the wall before the second could leave the starting block.

1999 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships
The eighth edition of the Pan Pacific Swimming Championships, a long course (50 m) event, was held in 1999 at the Sydney International Aquatic Centre in Sydney, Australia, from 22–29 August. Only two swimmers per country could compete in finals, and only four swimmers per country could compete in semi-finals.
Type punning
In computer science, type punning is a common term for any programming technique that subverts or circumvents the type system of a programming language in order to achieve an effect that would be difficult or impossible to achieve within the bounds of the formal language.

In C and C++, constructs such as pointer type conversion and union — C++ adds reference type conversion and reinterpret_cast to this list — are provided in order to permit many kinds of type punning, although some kinds are not actually supported by the standard language.

In the Pascal programming language, the use of records with variants may be used to treat a particular data type in more than one manner, or in a manner not normally permitted.

Aliasing (computing)
In computing, aliasing describes a situation in which a data location in memory can be accessed through different symbolic names in the program. Thus, modifying the data through one name implicitly modifies the values associated with all aliased names, which may not be expected by the programmer. As a result, aliasing makes it particularly difficult to understand, analyze and optimize programs. Aliasing analysers intend to make and compute useful information for understanding aliasing in programs.
District 10 Schoolhouse
District #10 Schoolhouse is a historic One-room school located at Hartland in Niagara County, New York.  It is a one-story cobblestone structure built about 1845 in the Greek Revival style.  It features smooth, slight irregularly shaped, variously colored cobbles in its construction. It operated as a school until 1947 when it was converted into a private residence.  It was recently acquired by the Hartland Historical Society.  It is one of approximately 47 cobblestone structures in Niagara County.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Cobblestone architecture
Cobblestone architecture refers to the use of cobblestones embedded in mortar as method for erecting walls on houses and commercial buildings. It was frequently used in the northeastern United States and upper Midwest in the early 19th century; the greatest concentration of surviving cobblestone buildings is in New York State, generally near the historic Erie Canal or connecting canals.
Kirkstead
Kirkstead is a village and former civil parish now in the parish of Woodhall Spa, in the East Lindsey district, in Lincolnshire, England, on the River Witham. In 1961 the parish had a population of 85. It was merged with the civil parish of Woodhall Spa in 1987.

East Lindsey
East Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Horncastle and the largest town is Skegness. Other towns include Alford, Burgh le Marsh, Coningsby, Louth, Mablethorpe, Spilsby, Sutton on Sea, Wainfleet All Saints, Wragby and Woodhall Spa. The district also covers a large rural area, including many smaller settlements.

The district lies on the east coast, bordering the North Sea. The north-west of the district includes part of the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The neighbouring districts are Boston, North Kesteven, West Lindsey and North East Lincolnshire.
Whycocomagh, Nova Scotia
Whycocomagh (/waɪˈkɒkəmɑː/) is an unincorporated community on the eastern edge of the Municipality of the County of Inverness, Nova Scotia, Canada. The population in 2001 was 854.

The name derives from the Mi'kmaq language and relates to being near the water. In Scottish Gaelic it was called Hogamagh.

It is located where the Skye River flows into St. Patrick's Channel, an arm of Bras d'Or Lake in the central part of Cape Breton Island, next to the Whycocomagh 2 reserve.

The town is a local service centre and has an education centre, elementary school, and the Whycocomagh Provincial Park.

We'koqma'q First Nation
We'koqma'q First Nation (historically known as Waycobah First Nation) is composed of two Mi'kmaq Indigenous communities on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. As of 2021, the population is 890. It is composed of two parts:
2011 in science
The year 2011 involved many significant scientific events, including the first artificial organ transplant, the launch of China's first space station and the growth of the world population to seven billion. The year saw a total of 78 successful orbital spaceflights, as well as numerous advances in fields such as electronics, medicine, genetics, climatology and robotics.

2011 was declared the International Year of Forests and Chemistry by the United Nations.

Arctic ice pack
The Arctic ice pack is the sea ice cover of the Arctic Ocean and its vicinity. The Arctic ice pack undergoes a regular seasonal cycle in which ice melts in spring and summer, reaches a minimum around mid-September, then increases during autumn and winter. Summer ice cover in the Arctic is about 50% of winter cover.  Some of the ice survives from one year to the next. Currently, 28% of Arctic basin sea ice is multi-year ice, thicker than seasonal ice: up to 3–4 m (9.8–13.1 ft) thick over large areas, with ridges up to 20 m (65.6 ft) thick. Besides the regular seasonal cycle there has been an underlying trend of declining sea ice in the Arctic in recent decades as well.
Eggertsville, New York
Eggertsville is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) within the town of Amherst in Erie County, New York, United States. The population of the CDP was 15,019 at the 2010 census.

Eggertsville is part of the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area.

Erie County, New York
Erie County is a county along the shore of Lake Erie in the western region of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 954,236. However, in 2023 the estimated population was 946,147. The county seat is Buffalo, which makes up about 28% of the county's population. Both the county and Lake Erie were named for the regional Iroquoian language-speaking Erie tribe of Native Americans, who lived in the area before 1654. They were later pushed out by the more powerful Iroquoian nations tribes. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Erie County, along with its northern neighbor Niagara County, makes up the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area, the second largest in the State of New York behind New York City. The county's southern part is known as the Southtowns.
Leonard Holland
Major General Leonard Holland (April 9, 1916 – August 16, 1999) was an American military officer from Rhode Island.  He served as the Adjutant General of Rhode Island for 22 years from 1961 to 1983, longer than anyone else.

Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)
The Distinguished Service Medal (DSM) is a military decoration of the United States Army that is presented to soldiers who have distinguished themselves by exceptionally meritorious service to the government in a duty of great responsibility. The performance must be such as to merit recognition for service that is clearly exceptional. The exceptional performance of normal duty will not alone justify an award of this decoration.

The Army's Distinguished Service Medal is equivalent to the Naval Service's Navy Distinguished Service Medal, Air and Space Forces' Distinguished Service Medal, and the Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal. Prior to the creation of the Air Force's Distinguished Service Medal in 1960, United States Air Force airmen were awarded the Army's Distinguished Service Medal.
Svend Adolph Solberg
Svend Adolph Solberg  (17 April 1831 – 3 May 1890)  was a Norwegian businessman and politician.

Solberg was born at Drammen in Buskerud, Norway. He was the son of  Andreas Solberg (1801–1862) and his wife Ingeborg Nicoline Kiær (1801–1862). Following the death of his parents, he took over the Kobbervik farm  at Åskollen which his father had acquired in 1842.
After graduation (cand.jur), Solberg went to work as  a wholesaler for the firm Hans Kiær & Co. in Drammen The company, which was involved in the timber industry, was owned and operated  by relatives of his mother's family. In 1880, he was elected to the Norwegian Parliament, representing the constituency of Drammen.  He only served one term.

Solberg was married to Christiane Louise Arbo (1833–1913). Their children included  Peter Collett Solberg  (1866–1934) who became a politician and businessman.

Drammen
Drammen (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈdrɑ̀mːən] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. The port and river city of Drammen is centrally located in the south-eastern and most populated part of Norway. Drammen municipality also includes smaller towns and villages such as Konnerud, Svelvik, Mjøndalen and Skoger.
Liberty (department store)
Liberty, commonly known as Liberty's, is a luxury department store in London, England. It is located on Great Marlborough Street in the West End of London. The building spans from Carnaby Street in the East to Kingly Street in the West, where it forms a three storey archway over the Northern entrance to the Kingly Street mall that houses the Liberty Clock in its centre. Liberty is known around the world for its close connection to art and culture, but it is most famous for its bold and floral print fabrics. The vast mock-Tudor store also sells men's, women's and children's fashion, beauty and homewares from a mix of high-end and emerging brands and labels.

The store is known to spot and champion young designers at the start of their careers, and many now-prominent brands were first available at Liberty. The store played essential role in spreading and popularizing the Modern Style. This continues Liberty's long reputation for working with British artists and designers.

Carnaby Street
Carnaby Street is a pedestrianised shopping street in Soho in the City of Westminster. Close to Oxford Street and Regent Street, it is home to fashion and lifestyle retailers, including many independent fashion boutiques.

Streets crossing, or meeting with, Carnaby Street are, from south to north, Beak Street, Broadwick Street, Kingly Court, Ganton Street, Marlborough Court, Lowndes Court, Fouberts Place, Little Marlborough Street and Great Marlborough Street. The nearest London Underground station is Oxford Circus.
Madagascar women's national football team results
This article lists the results and fixtures for the Madagascar women's national football team.

The national team's first activity was in 2015, when they participated in the African games women's qualification against Botswana. They finished second in the 2015 Indian Ocean Games, losing only one game out of four, they participated in the COSAFA Women's Championship annually since 2017 until 2019 where the team got inactive, Madagascar is ranked 181 in the FIFA Women's World Rankings.

Madagascar women's national football team
The Madagascar women's national football team is the FIFA recognised senior women's A team for Madagascar. The team played their first FIFA matches in 2015. They were runner-up to Réunion in the 2015 Indian Ocean Island Games. They have competed in the COSAFA Women's Championship, in which they won a game against Comoros in 2019.
Lesser prickleback
The lesser prickleback (Alectridium aurantiacum) is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Stichaeidae, which includes the pricklebacks and shannies. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Alectridium which is found in the northern Pacific Ocean. Sometimes the lesser prickleback has also been called the North Pacific prickleback, because it is mostly found in these waters.

Monkeyface prickleback
The monkeyface prickleback (Cebidichthys violaceus), also commonly known as the monkeyface eel, is a species of prickleback native to the Pacific coast of North America. Although its shape resembles an eel due to its slender and leg-less body, the monkeyface prickleback does not belong to the order Anguilliformes, which includes true eels, instead, it is classified under either the Perciformes, along with nearly half of all bony fish, or the Scorpaeniformes, according to different authorities. Observations in nature and in the laboratory indicate that C. violaceus is a cryptic, bottom dweller and a weak, short-distance swimmer.
Arrup edentulus
Arrup edentulus is a species of soil centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is one of only two species of Arrup found in Central Asia. This centipede is also one of only five species in the family Mecistocephalidae found in Central Asia. This species features 41 pairs of legs.

Geophilomorpha
Geophilomorpha is an order of centipedes commonly known as soil centipedes. The name "Geophilomorpha" comes from Ancient Greek γεω- (geo-), meaning "earth", φίλος (phílos), meaning "lover", and μορφή (morphḗ), meaning "form". This group is the most diverse centipede order, with 230 genera. These centipedes are found nearly worldwide but are absent in Antarctica and most Arctic regions.
Raudeggi
Raudeggi is a mountain in Skjåk Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,938-metre (6,358 ft) tall mountain is located in the Strynefjellet mountains and inside the Breheimen National Park, about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) southwest of the village of Grotli and 23 kilometres (14 mi) northeast of the village of Oppstryn. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Langvasseggi to the northwest, Kvitlenova to the west, Mårådalsfjellet to the south, and Sandåtinden and Skridalaupen to the southwest. The glacier Raudeggbreen is located on the north side of the mountain.

Skjåk Municipality
Skjåk is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Bismo. Most of the municipal residents live in the Billingsdalen and Ottadalen valleys along the river Otta. The local newspaper is named Fjuken.

The 2,075.5-square-kilometre (801.4 sq mi) municipality is the 33rd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Skjåk Municipality is the 273rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,179. The municipality's population density is 1 inhabitant per square kilometre (2.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 5.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Nusrathul Islam Madrasa
Nusrathul Islam Madrasa is a madrasa (Islamic religious school) in Pullancheri, Manjeri, Kerala, India. The school provides both Islamic religious education and secular coursework for primary and secondary students from grades 1 through 10.

Nusrathul Madrasa is affiliated with the All Kerala Islamic Religious Education Board.

In 2017, 207 students from Nusrathul Islam Girls Higher Secondary School at Pernambut planned to take the class 10 board examination; however, their application for exemption from the Tamil language paper was returned with no explanation.

Manjeri
Manjeri (IPA: [mɐɲd͡ʑeːɾi]) is a major town and municipality in Malappuram district, Kerala, India. It is the fourth-most populous municipality in the state. It is situated 23 kilometres (14 mi) southeast of Karipur International Airport and 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northeast of Malappuram, the district headquarters, and forms a part of the Malappuram metropolitan area. It is one of the major commercial towns under the Malappuram urban agglomeration and serves as the headquarters of Eranad Taluk. Manjeri Municipality is a local self-government institution with a jurisdiction of three villages, namely Manjeri, Payyanad, and Narukara.
Anniston and Atlantic Railroad
The Anniston and Atlantic Railroad was a 53-mile 3 ft (914 mm) narrow-gauge railroad built between Anniston and Sylacauga, Alabama via Talladega and Murphy.

It was founded by A.L. Tyler of Anniston, who obtained a charter on August 17, 1883, and opened the 30-mile stretch between Anniston and Talladega on May 15, 1884.  An extension to Sycamore, Alabama, was opened on September 15, 1884, and to Sylacauga, Alabama, on December 1, 1886.  The line was built to haul timber, charcoal and iron ore to Anniston, where it could be transferred to the standard-gauge Southern Railway.

The Louisville and Nashville Railroad purchased the line in 1890 along with the associated standard-gauge Anniston and Cincinnati Railroad.  To this, the L&N added the Shelby Iron Company's railroad to create the Alabama Mineral Railroad.  The A&A's narrow-gauge track was converted to standard gauge later that year.  Much of the right-of-way still exists as part of the CSX Corporation's trackage in the area.

Anniston, Alabama
Anniston is a city and the county seat of Calhoun County in Alabama, United States, and is one of two urban centers/principal cities of and included in the Anniston–Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Anniston had a population of 21,564. Named "The Model City" by Atlanta newspaperman Henry W. Grady for its careful planning in the late 19th century, the city is situated on the slope of Blue Mountain.
Yolmer Sánchez
Yolmer Carlos Javier Sánchez (born June 29, 1992) is a Venezuelan professional baseball infielder in the Los Angeles Angels organization. He made his Major League Baseball (MLB) debut in 2014 with the Chicago White Sox, and has also played in MLB for the Boston Red Sox and New York Mets. Prior to the 2017 season, he was known as Carlos Sánchez. He led the American League in triples in 2018, and won a Gold Glove Award in 2019 at second base.

Gwinnett Stripers
The Gwinnett Stripers are a Minor League Baseball team of the International League (IL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Atlanta Braves. They play their home games at Coolray Field in unincorporated Gwinnett County, Georgia (with a Lawrenceville address) in suburban Atlanta, Georgia. They are named for striped bass in reference to the popularity of fishing in the region.

The team was established in 2009 after the International League's Richmond Braves relocated from Richmond, Virginia. Named the Gwinnett Braves after their major league affiliate, they adopted their current moniker in 2018. The Stripers moved from the IL to the Triple-A East in conjunction with MLB's restructuring of Minor League Baseball in 2021, but this league was renamed the International League in 2022.
Crisis negotiation
Crisis negotiation is a law enforcement technique used to communicate with people who are threatening violence (workplace violence, domestic violence, suicide, or terrorism), including barricaded subjects, stalkers, criminals attempting to escape or evade arrest, and hostage-takers. Crisis negotiation is often initiated by the first officer(s) on the scene.

Law enforcement agency
A law enforcement agency (LEA) is any government agency responsible for law enforcement within a specific jurisdiction through the employment and deployment of law enforcement officers and their resources. The most common type of law enforcement agency is the police, but various other forms exist as well, including agencies that focus on specific legal violations or are organized and overseen by certain authorities. They typically have various powers and legal rights to allow them to perform their duties, such as the power of arrest and the use of force.
David McLeod Craik
David McLeod Craik FRIBA (1873–1 August 1938) was a Royal Engineers officer and architect noted for his works in the Straits Settlements. He was the oldest practising architect in the colony at the time of his death.

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal
The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal was instituted by Queen Victoria in 1899 as a military long service award for part-time members of all ranks in any of the organized military forces of the British Colonies, Dependencies and Protectorates throughout the British Empire. The medal gradually superseded the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies in all these territories, with the exception of the Isle of Man, Bermuda and the Indian Empire.

In 1930, the medal, along with the Volunteer Long Service Medal, the Volunteer Long Service Medal for India and the Colonies, the Militia Long Service Medal, the Special Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal and the Territorial Efficiency Medal, were superseded by the Efficiency Medal in an effort to standardise recognition across the Empire.
Kazlowshchyna
Kazlowshchyna (Belarusian: Казлоўшчына, romanized: Kazloŭščyna; Russian: Козловщина, romanized: Kozlovshchina) is an urban-type settlement in Dzyatlava District, Grodno Region, Belarus. As of 2025, it has a population of 1,437.

Dzyatlava district
Dzyatlava district or Dziatlava district (Belarusian: Дзятлаўскі раён; Russian: Дятловский район) is a district (raion) of Grodno region in Belarus. The administrative center is Dzyatlava. As of 2024, it has a population of 22,477.
Scott's Pit
Scott's Pit (sometimes written as Scott's P.I.T.) was a lesbian biker bar in operation from 1970 until 1984 in Duboce Triangle neighborhood in San Francisco, California, U.S. This was the first lesbian biker bar in the city, and the former location has been considered an important building in LGBT history.

Biker bar
A biker bar is a bar that is frequented by bikers (motorcycle riders). Some are owned or managed by people who are friendly toward bikers. Some bars and restaurants advertise that they are "biker friendly" to attract more bikers and motorcycle (bike) enthusiasts. Biker bars are patronized by people from all walks of life, including bikers, non-bikers, and motorcycle club adherents, including outlaw motorcycle clubs.
Sérigné
Sérigné (French pronunciation: [seʁiɲe]) is a commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France. It is located 5 km northwest from Fontenay-le-Comte and 48 km southeast from La Roche-sur-Yon, the capital city of Vendée.

Fontenay-le-Comte
Fontenay-le-Comte (IPA: [fɔ̃tənɛ lə kɔ̃t]; Poitevin: Funtenaes or Fintenè) is a commune and subprefecture in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region of Western France. In 2022, it had a population of 13,806, while its functional area had a population of 41,956.