hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Ketcham (Indiana surveyor)
Colonel John Ketcham (September 10, 1782 – February 5, 1865) was an American surveyor, building contractor and judge.

The founding father of Brownstown, Indiana, Ketcham was famed for his military escapades against Native Americans. His father was supposedly held captive by Native Americans.

He was awarded titles during his life, among them an honorable Colonel and judge honorable (from serving the State Legislature). Ketcham was also a self-taught surveyor and building contractor. One of his most highly prized titles, however, was that as of one of General Andrew Jackson's electors. He also was listed as one of the first trustees of Indiana University.

Monroe County, Indiana
Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. In 1910 the US Census Bureau calculated the nation's mean population center to lie in Monroe County. The population was 139,718 at the 2020 United States census. The county seat is Bloomington. Monroe County is part of the Bloomington, Indiana, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
2014–15 Syracuse Silver Knights season
The 2014–15 Syracuse Silver Knights season was the fourth season of the Syracuse Silver Knights professional indoor soccer club. The Silver Knights, an Eastern Division team in the Major Arena Soccer League, played their home games at the Oncenter War Memorial Arena in downtown Syracuse, New York.

The team was led by owner/head coach Tommy Tanner and assistant coach Joe Papaleo. The Silver Knights earned a 12–8 record and second place in the Eastern Division during the regular season. The team qualified for the playoffs but lost the Eastern Division Semi-Finals to the Rochester Lancers when the tie-breaking mini-game ended 3–2 in Rochester's favor.

Rochester Lancers (MASL)
The Rochester Lancers were a professional indoor soccer team in the Major Arena Soccer League 2. The team is named in honor of the Rochester Lancers of the North American Soccer League. The team was active from November 2011 through March 2015. A new version of the team contested the 2018–19 Major Arena Soccer League 2 season; for 2019–20 the team moved back up to the MASL. After another two year hiatus the Lancers are in M2 for the 2022-23 season.  The team concluded play after the 2024 season.
Basavakalyan
Basavakalyan is a historical city and municipal council in the Bidar District of the Indian state of Karnataka. It was the capital of the Kalyani Chalukyas and the Kalachuris of Kalyani. The city is noted for the world’s tallest Basavanna statue, which stands 108 feet (33 m) high, and is today one of the major cities and an important industrial hub of Bidar district.

Gadag-Betageri
Gadaga-Betageri  is a city municipal council in Gadag district in the state of Karnataka, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Gadag District. The original city of Gadag and its sister city Betageri (or Betgeri) have a combined city administration. The municipality of Gadag-Betageri has a population of  172,813 and an area of 54.0956 km2 (20.8864 sq mi). Kanaginahal of Gadag is the birthplace of the first co-operative society in Asia. The temples of Veera Narayana and Trikuteshwara are places of religious and historic importance.
Oak Grove-Freedman's Cemetery
The Oak Grove-Freedman's Cemetery is a historic cemetery located at the corner of Liberty Street and North Church Street in downtown Salisbury, North Carolina. The cemetery has served as a burial ground for African Americans since it was deeded to the city in 1770.

Salisbury, North Carolina
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbɛri/ SAWLZ-ber-ee) is a city in the Piedmont region of North Carolina, United States; it has been the county seat of Rowan County since 1753 when its territory extended to the Mississippi River. Located 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Charlotte and within its metropolitan area, the town has attracted a growing population. The 2020 census shows 35,580 residents.

Salisbury is the oldest continually populated colonial town in the western region of North Carolina. It is noted for its historic preservation, with five Local Historic Districts and ten National Register Historic Districts.

Soft drink producer Cheerwine and regional supermarket Food Lion are located in Salisbury and Rack Room Shoes was founded there.
Invariant theory
Invariant theory is a branch of abstract algebra dealing with actions of groups on algebraic varieties, such as vector spaces, from the point of view of their effect on functions. Classically, the theory dealt with the question of explicit description of polynomial functions that do not change (are invariant) under the transformations from a given linear group. For example, if we consider the action of the special linear group SLn on the space of n by n matrices by left multiplication, then the determinant is an invariant of this action because the determinant of A X equals the determinant of X, when  A is in SLn.

Gian-Carlo Rota
Gian-Carlo Rota (April 27, 1932 – April 18, 1999) was an Italian-American mathematician and philosopher. He spent most of his career at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he worked in combinatorics, functional analysis, probability theory, and phenomenology.
Religion in New Zealand
Religion in New Zealand is diverse. The country has no state religion and freedom of religion has been protected since the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi.

While New Zealand was predominantly Christian from the time of European colonisation, the country has, over the last decade, become post-Christian. In the 2023 census 51.6 per cent of New Zealanders stated they had no religion and another 6.9 percent did not state a religion. In the 2023 census 32.3% of the population identified as Christian, making up just over 77.5% of religious people in New Zealand. Other major religions include Hinduism (2.9%), Islam (1.5%), Māori religion (1.3%), Buddhism (1.1%), and Sikhism (1.1%).

Immigration to New Zealand
Migration to New Zealand began only very recently in human history, with Polynesian settlement in New Zealand, previously uninhabited, about 1250 CE to 1280 CE. European migration provided a major influx, especially following the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840. Subsequent immigrants have come chiefly from the British Isles, but also from continental Europe, the Pacific, the Americas and Asia.
Wildwood Lake, Tennessee
Wildwood Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) in Bradley County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 3,286 at the 2020 Census. It is included in the Cleveland, Tennessee Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Cleveland, Tennessee
Cleveland is the county seat of and the largest city in Bradley County, Tennessee. The population was 47,356 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Cleveland metropolitan area, Tennessee (consisting of Bradley and neighboring Polk County), which is included in the Chattanooga–Cleveland–Dalton, TN–GA–AL Combined Statistical Area.

Cleveland is the seventeenth-largest city in Tennessee and has the fifth-largest industrial economy, having thirteen Fortune 500 manufacturers.
Corps Palatia Munich
Corps Palatia Munich (German: Corps Palatia München) is a fencing fraternity belonging to the Kösener Senioren-Convents-Verband, the oldest association of German and Austrian student corporations. It unites students of Munich's universities, most notably LMU Munich and the Technical University of Munich. Palatia's members are known as Pfälzer, which is derived from the Bavarian region of Upper Palatinate (“Oberpfalz” in German).

Corps Palatia is a “pflichtschlagend” fraternity, requiring all members to participate in academic fencing duels (“Mensur” in German) with the members of other student fencing fraternities. It is also “farbentragend,” meaning the corp's members wear colored sashes as well as hats or other uniforms at official occasions.

The corps currently has approximately 150 members of all ages (including alumni) coming from Austria, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Russia, South Africa, Spain, and the United States.

Academic fencing
Academic fencing (German: akademisches Fechten) or Mensur is the traditional kind of fencing practised by some student corporations (Studentenverbindungen) in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Latvia, Estonia, and, to a minor extent, in Belgium, Lithuania, and Poland. It is a traditional, strictly regulated sabre fight between two male members of different fraternities with sharp weapons. The German technical term Mensur (from Latin meaning 'measure, a certain quantity') in the 16th century referred to the specified distance between each of the fencers.
NS Puppis
NS Puppis (NS Pup) is an irregular variable star in the constellation Puppis. Its apparent magnitude varies between 4.4 and 4.5.

NS Puppis is a naked eye star, given the h1 and the Bright Star Catalogue number 3225. It was considered to be a stable star until 1966.  It was given the variable star designation NS Puppis in 1975.

h2 Puppis is another luminous K-type star with almost the same visual magnitude about a degree to the southeast.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Lubiatowo, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Lubiatowo [lubjaˈtɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Choczewo, within Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is a holiday village located on the Polish coast within the historic region of Pomerania.

The settlement Szklana Huta is part of the village.

Szklana Huta, Wejherowo County
Szklana Huta [ˈʂklana ˈxuta] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Choczewo, within Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
1970 American League Championship Series
The 1970 American League Championship Series was a semifinal matchup of the 1970 MLB Postseason between the East Division champion Baltimore Orioles and the West Division champion Minnesota Twins. Like the year before, the Orioles swept the Twins three games to none, though unlike the year before, the Orioles went on to win the World Series against the Cincinnati Reds.

(Note: Owing to a one-day strike by major league umpires, the series was begun using AL supervisor Berry, veteran umpire Stevens—who had been used in a substitute capacity in 1970—and minor league umpires Deegan and Satchell, with the regularly assigned crew returning for Games 2 and 3.)

American League Championship Series
The American League Championship Series (ALCS) is a best-of-seven playoff and one of two League Championship Series comprising the penultimate round of Major League Baseball's (MLB) postseason. The winner of the ALCS wins the AL pennant and advances to the World Series, MLB's championship series, to play the winner of the National League's (NL) Championship Series. The ALCS began in 1969 as a best-of-five playoff and used this format until 1985, when it changed to its current best-of-seven format.
Désiré Carré
Désiré Jean Carré (21 May 1923 – 8 September 2014) was a French footballer who played as a midfielder for Le Havre, Nice, and Strasbourg between 1945 and 1955. He also played one match for the French national team in the 1949.

1952 Coupe de France final
The 1952 Coupe de France final was a football match held at Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, Colombes on May 4, 1952, that saw OGC Nice defeat FC Girondins de Bordeaux 5–3 with goals by Victor Nuremberg, Luis Carniglia, Jean Belver, Abdelaziz Ben Tifour and Georges Césari.
Palestine Papers
The Palestine Papers is a collection of confidential documents about the Israeli–Palestinian peace process leaked to Al Jazeera, which published them between 23 and 26 January 2011. Nearly 1,700 documents from the office of the main PLO negotiator, Saeb Erekat, and his team have been published, dating from 1999 to 2010.

Both Al Jazeera and The Guardian stated that they have authenticated the documents, and a media adviser to Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert also affirmed their authenticity. Leaders of the Palestinian Authority have complained about the way the documents were presented by Al Jazeera.

News leak
A news leak is the unsanctioned release of confidential information to news media. It can also be the premature publication of information by a news outlet, of information that it has agreed not to release before a specified time, in violation of a news embargo.
2012 Brussels Open
The 2012 Brussels Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 2nd edition of the Brussels Open, and was part of the Premier-level tournaments of the 2012 WTA Tour. The event took place at the Royal Primerose Tennis Club in Brussels, Belgium, from 19 May through 26 May 2012. First-seeded Agnieszka Radwańska won the singles title.

Brussels Open
The Brussels Open, unofficially also known as Open de Bruxelles, was a professional women's tennis tournament on the WTA Tour held at the Royal Primerose Tennis Club in Brussels, Belgium. It was first held in 2011, replacing the Warsaw Open, and last held in 2013. The Brussels Open was played on outdoor clay courts and scheduled in May as a preparation tournament for the French Open. In 2014 the tournament was initially downgraded from Premier to International status, and was subsequently cancelled. It's slot on the WTA Tour calendar was taken up by the Nuremberg Cup.
Strand Hotel (Chicago)
The Strand Hotel is a historic apartment hotel at 6315-6323 S. Cottage Grove Avenue in the Woodlawn neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. Opened in 1915, the hotel offered both traditional guest rooms and long-term residences for customers who sought luxury amenities in apartment-style housing. Architects Davis & Davis designed the Classical Revival building, which has a red brick exterior with a terra cotta clad first floor, piers outlined in terra cotta, and an entablature and cornice at its roof. The hotel included a restaurant and banquet hall, the latter of which was used as a live music venue for many years. Once part of a major commercial district in Woodlawn, the hotel is now one of its few remnants and the only surviving apartment hotel building in the neighborhood.

The hotel was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 29, 2013.

Woodlawn, Chicago
Woodlawn is one of the 77 community areas of Chicago in Illinois, United States. It is near the shore of Lake Michigan 8.5 miles (13.7 km) south of the Loop.

The community area is bounded by the lake to the east, 60th Street to the north, King Drive to the west and 67th Street to the south, and a small area that lies south of 67th Street between Cottage Grove Avenue and South Chicago Avenue. Locals sometimes divide the neighborhood along Cottage Grove into East and West Woodlawn.

Woodlawn contains a large portion of Jackson Park, including the site of the under-construction Barack Obama Presidential Center. The neighborhood is also home to a number of educational institutions: Hyde Park Career Academy, Mount Carmel High School, Chicago Theological Seminary, and the southern portion of the campus of the University of Chicago – including the Law School, the Harris School of Public Policy, the School of Social Service Administration, and the University of Chicago Press.
Mendips Raceway
Mendips Raceway is a motorsport venue in the Mendip Hills in Somerset, England. It is located on the rim of Batts Combe quarry between Shipham and Charterhouse. The oval shaped circuit is used for racing hot rods, stock cars, Hotstox, bangers and demolition events. The circuit, which was opened in 1969, features an oval and a figure of eight layout. The latter is used for different classes of banger racing which sometimes involve towing caravans, or feature specialist vehicles such as hearses or Reliant Robins.

Until 2018, it hosted the West of England Championship for Rods every August. It has also hosted the BriSCA F2 World Championship Final several times

Charterhouse, Somerset
Charterhouse, also known as Charterhouse-on-Mendip, is a hamlet and former civil parish, now in the parish of Priddy, in the Mendip Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) in the Somerset district, in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England. The area between Charterhouse and Cheddar Gorge including Velvet Bottom and Ubley Warren is covered by the Cheddar Complex Site of Special Scientific Interest. In 1931 the parish had a population of 68.
Trichopagis
Trichopagis manicata is a species of crab spider of the genus Trichopagis. It is the only species in its genus and is found in Guinea, Gabon, South Africa, and Madagascar.

The specific name "manicata" derives from Latin meaning "having sleeves" or "gloved", referring to the spider's appendages.

Thomisidae
The Thomisidae are a family of spiders, including about 170 genera and over 2,100 species. The common name crab spider is often linked to species in this family, but may also be used for spiders from other families. Many members of this family are also known as flower spiders or flower crab spiders.
Anwar Ibrahim cabinet
The Anwar Ibrahim cabinet is the current federal cabinet of Malaysia, formed on 3 December 2022, nine days after Anwar Ibrahim took office as the 10th Prime Minister of Malaysia. The composition of the cabinet was announced by Anwar a day earlier on 2 December 2022, consisting of most of the political coalitions and parties represented in the 15th Parliament. It was the 23rd cabinet of Malaysia formed since independence. Although Perikatan Nasional (PN) was also invited to join the government, it decided to decline the invitation and instead formed the opposition. The government is often referred to as "unity government" (Malay: Kerajaan Perpaduan) or informally, Madani government (Malay: Kerajaan Madani).

Malaysia Madani
Malaysia Madani (English: Civilised Malaysia) is a political slogan introduced by the administration of the 10th Prime Minister, Anwar Ibrahim to refer to the policy framework of his government. The concept focuses on good governance, sustainable development and racial harmony.

Malaysia Madani serves as the replacement for Keluarga Malaysia, of the administration of the 9th Prime Minister, Ismail Sabri Yaakob.
Phi Gamma Delta House
Phi Gamma Delta House is an historic fraternity house at 79 College Avenue, near the campus of the University of Maine in Orono.  It is the only Tudor Revival fraternity house on that campus, and was built to provide increased housing to the school's male student population.  The architects were Crowell & Lancaster. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

University of Maine
The University of Maine (UMaine) is a public land-grant research university in Orono, Maine, United States. It was established in 1865 as the land-grant college of Maine and is the flagship university of the University of Maine System. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

With an enrollment of approximately 11,500 students, UMaine is the state's largest college or university. The University of Maine's athletic teams, nicknamed the Black Bears, are Maine's only NCAA Division I athletics program. Maine's men's ice hockey team has won two national championships.
Signaller
A signaller, signalman, colloquially referred to as a radioman or signaleer in the armed forces is a specialist soldier, sailor or airman responsible for military communications. Signallers, a.k.a. Combat Signallers or signalmen or women, are commonly employed as radio or telephone operators, relaying messages for field commanders at the front line (Army units, Ships or Aircraft), through a chain of command which includes field headquarters.  Messages are transmitted and received via a communications infrastructure comprising fixed and mobile installations.

Runner (messenger)
In military, a runner was a foot soldier responsible for carrying messages between units during war. Runners were very important to military communications, before telecommunications became commonplace. Non-military runners were also used, e.g., by World War II resistance fighters.

In Ancient Greece, Hemerodromoi (day-runners), Hemeroscopoi (day-watchers) and Dromokerykes (runner heralds) were employed to carry important news and perform surveillance. They swiftly relayed the information to the appropriate authorities, ensuring timely responses to emerging situations.

When equipped with a bicycle or other transport, the runner became a despatch rider.
68th Theater Medical Command
The 68th Theater Medical Command was constituted on 18 October 1927 in the Regular Army as the 18th Medical Regiment. Redesignated as the 68th Medical Regiment and reorganized as the 68th Medical Group, the organization served in combat in Europe in World War II and in the Republic of Vietnam. During the Cold War, it was stationed at Fort George G. Meade, Maryland from 1954 until its deployment to Vietnam and was reactivated again in Germany, where it served from 1978 into the 1990s. On 21 September 2024, it was redesignated as the 68th Theater Medical Command and activated at Sembach, Germany.

9th Division (South Vietnam)
The 9th Infantry Division (Vietnamese: Sư đoàn 9; Chữ Hán: 師團9) was a division of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) that existed from 1961 to 1975. It was part of the IV Corps that oversaw the southernmost region of South Vietnam, the Mekong Delta. The 9th Infantry Division was based in Sa Dec from 1962 to 1972, and Vinh Long 1972 from 1975 during the war.
Craseomys
Craseomys is a genus of small, slender voles.

The complete list of species is:

Anderson's red-backed vole, C. andersoni

Imaizumi's red-backed vole, C. imaizumii

Korean red-backed vole, C. regulus

Hokkaido red-backed vole, C. rex

Grey red-backed vole, C. rufocanus

Shansei vole, C. shanseius

Smith's vole, C. smithii

Japanese red-backed vole
The Japanese red-backed vole, Wakayama red-backed vole, or Anderson's red-backed vole (Craseomys andersoni) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
It is found only on the island of Honshu in Japan. It was first described by the British zoologist Oldfield Thomas in 1905. Thomas named it in honor of scientific collector Malcolm Playfair Anderson. The International Union for Conservation of Nature lists it as "least concern".
Rebecca L. Pennell
Rebecca Louise Pennell (born 1971) is an American lawyer who serves as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington. She served as a judge of the Washington Court of Appeals from 2016 to 2024.

Yakima, Washington
Yakima (/ˈjækɪmɑː/ or /ˈjækɪmə/) is a city in and the county seat of Yakima County, Washington, United States, and the state's 11th most populous city. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 96,968 and a metropolitan population of 256,728. The unincorporated suburban areas of West Valley and Terrace Heights are considered a part of greater Yakima.

Yakima is about 60 miles (100 kilometers) southeast of Mount Rainier in Washington. It is situated in the Yakima Valley, a productive agricultural region noted for apple, wine, and hop production. As of 2011, the Yakima Valley produces 77% of all hops grown in the United States. The name Yakima originates from the Yakama Nation Native American tribe, whose reservation is located south of the city.