hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cape Fear and Yadkin Valley Railway
The Cape Fear and Yadkin Valley Railway was a Southeastern railroad that operated in the Carolinas immediately after Reconstruction.  It ran from Mount Airy, North Carolina, southeast through Greensboro and Fayetteville to the Atlantic port of Wilmington, North Carolina.  A significant branch also ran from Fayetteville south to Bennettsville, South Carolina.

Rural Hall, North Carolina
Rural Hall is a town in Forsyth County, North Carolina, United States. It is a part of the Piedmont Triad. The population was 3,360 at the 2020 census. The town has one public park: Covington Memorial Park.
Weighted median
In statistics, a weighted median of a sample is the 50% weighted percentile. It was first proposed by F. Y. Edgeworth in 1888. Like the median, it is useful as an estimator of central tendency, robust against outliers. It allows for non-uniform statistical weights related to, e.g., varying precision measurements in the sample.

Robust statistics
Robust statistics are statistics that maintain their properties even if the underlying distributional assumptions are incorrect. Robust statistical methods have been developed for many common problems, such as estimating location, scale, and regression parameters. One motivation is to produce statistical methods that are not unduly affected by outliers. Another motivation is to provide methods with good performance when there are small departures from a parametric distribution. For example, robust methods work well for mixtures of two normal distributions with different standard deviations; under this model, non-robust methods like a t-test work poorly.
Shridath Ramphal
Sir Shridath Surendranath Ramphal GCMG AC ONZ OE OCC NIIV OM KC FRSA (3 October 1928 – 30 August 2024), often known as Sir Sonny Ramphal, was a Guyanese politician who was the second Commonwealth Secretary-General, holding the position from 1975 to 1990. He was also the foreign minister of Guyana from 1972 to 1975, and assistant attorney general of the West Indies Federation from 1958 to 1962.

Ramphal was an Earth Charter International Commission member.

Commonwealth Secretary-General
The Commonwealth secretary-general, formally the secretary-general of the Commonwealth of Nations, is the head of the Commonwealth Secretariat, the central body which has served the Commonwealth of Nations since its establishment in 1965, and responsible for representing the Commonwealth publicly. The Commonwealth secretary-general should not be confused with the head of the Commonwealth.
Fårvang
Fårvang is a town, with a population of 1,391 (1 January 2025), in Silkeborg Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark.

Fårvang is situated 33 km southeast of Viborg, 33 km southwest of Randers, 34 km northwest of Aarhus and 20 km northeast of Silkeborg.

The furniture manufacturer Tvilum A/S is located in the northwestern part of the town.

Solcellepark Fårvang is a new solar power plant located on the western outskirts of the town. It was scheduled to commence operation in February 2024.

Silkeborg
Silkeborg (Danish: [ˈse̝lkəˌpɒˀ]) is a Danish town with a population of 52,571 (1 January 2025). Silkeborg is the seat of Silkeborg Municipality, with a population of 101,574 as of 2025.

Silkeborg is located in the middle of the Jutlandic peninsula, slightly west of the geographical centre of Denmark. The city is situated on the Gudenå River in the hilly and lush landscape of Søhøjlandet, surrounded by Denmark's largest forest district and a great number of lakes. Silkeborg is also known as Denmark's outdoor capital. The lakes between Silkeborg and Ry that are linked by the Gudenå, are known collectively as Silkeborgsøerne (the Silkeborg lakes).
The city is divided along an east–west axis by the lake of Silkeborg Langsø, which at the eastern side of the city, flows into the Gudenå River.
Violin Sonata No. 2 (Hindemith)
The Violin Sonata No. 2 for piano and violin, in D major, Op. 11, No. 2, is the second surviving violin sonata for the two instruments by Paul Hindemith, composed in 1918. It was published as Sonate in D für Klavier und Violine.

Max Reger
Johann Baptist Joseph Maximilian Reger (19 March 1873 – 11 May 1916) was a German composer, pianist, organist, conductor, and academic teacher. He worked as a concert pianist, a musical director at the Leipzig University Church, a professor at the Royal Conservatory in Leipzig, and a music director at the court of George II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen.

Reger first composed mainly Lieder, chamber music, choral music and works for piano and organ. He later turned to orchestral compositions, such as the popular Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Mozart (1914), and to works for choir and orchestra such as Gesang der Verklärten (1903), Der 100. Psalm (1909), Der Einsiedler and the Hebbel Requiem (both 1915).
Majipa Lakhey
Majipa Lakhey (Nepal Bhasa: मजिपा लाखे, लाखे आजु Majipā Lākhē, Lākhē Āju) is a special lakhey in Nepalese folklore. He is also known as the Peaceful Bhairava (शान्त भैरव). The dance of this Lakhey takes place only in the week of the full moon of the month of Yenlaa of the Nepal Sambat calendar. He is considered to be the protector of the children.

Bhairava
Bhairava (Sanskrit: भैरव, lit. 'frightful'), or Kāla Bhairava, is a Shaivite and Vajrayāna deity worshipped by Hindus and Buddhists. In Shaivism, he is a powerful manifestation, or avatar, of Shiva. In the tradition of Kashmir Shaivism, Bhairava represents the Supreme Reality, synonymous to Para Brahman. Generally in Hinduism, Bhairava is also called Daṇḍapāni ("[he who holds the] danda in [his] hand"), as he holds a rod or danda to punish sinners, and Śvāśva, meaning, "he whose vehicle is a dog". In Vajrayana Buddhism, he is considered a fierce emanation of boddhisatva Mañjuśrī, and also called Heruka, Vajrabhairava, Mahākāla and Yamantaka.

Bhairava is worshipped throughout India, Nepal, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Japan, as well as in Tibetan Buddhism.
Game board
A game board (or gameboard; sometimes, playing board or game map: 25 ) is the surface on which one plays a board game.

The oldest known game boards may date to Neolithic times; however, some scholars argue these may not have been game boards at all. Early Bronze Age artifacts are more universally recognized as game boards (for games such as Egyptian senet and mehen, and the Mesopotamian Royal Game of Ur). Most ancient board games were race games, utilizing random outcome generators like dice.

Game boards evolved in complexity and design, with early examples featuring various shapes before the quadrilateral grid became common for abstract games. They serve as the primary interaction zone for players and can range from simple to highly elaborate, sometimes incorporating three-dimensional or electronic components. Modern board games often illustrated modular or customizable boards, enhancing replay-ability and player engagement.

Game mechanics
In tabletop games and video games, game mechanics define how a game works for players. Game mechanics are the rules or ludemes that govern and guide player actions, as well as the game's response to them. A rule is an instruction on how to play, while a ludeme is an element of play, such as the L-shaped move of the knight in chess. The interplay of various mechanics determines the game's complexity and how the players interact with the game. All games use game mechanics; however, different theories disagree about their degree of importance to a game. The process and study of game design includes efforts to develop game mechanics that engage players.

Common examples of game mechanics include turn-taking, movement of tokens, set collection, bidding, capture, and spell slots.
Ras al-Bassit
Ras al-Bassit (Arabic: رأس البسيط), the classical Posidium or Posideium (Ancient Greek: Ποσιδήιον and Ποσείδιον, Posidḗion), is a small town in Syria named for a nearby cape. It has been occupied since at least the late Bronze Age and was a fortified port under Greek and Roman rule. Herodotus—although not later classical geographers—made it the northwestern point of Syria. Its beaches have a distinctive black sand and are a popular resort destination within Syria.

Cilicia
Cilicia (/sɪˈlɪʃə/, sil-ISH-ə) is a geographical region of southern Anatolia in West Asia, extending inland from the northeastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. Cilicia borders Pamphylia to the west, Lycaonia and Cappadocia to the north, Commagene to the north-east, Syria to the east and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Cilicia has a population ranging over six million, concentrated mostly at the Cilician plain (Turkish: Çukurova). The region includes the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Sayaun Thunga Phulka
"Sayaun Thunga Phulka" is the national anthem of Nepal. It was officially adopted as the anthem on 3 August 2007 during a ceremony held at the conference hall of National Planning Commission, inside Singha Durbar, by the speaker of the interim parliament, Subash Chandra Nembang. The previous national anthem "Shriman Gambhir" was adopted in 1962 but was dropped following the treaty of the monarchy.

The lyrics of the national anthem were penned by the poet Pradip Kumar Rai, who went by his alias Byakul Maila. The music was composed by Amber Gurung. The theme of the national anthem praises Nepalese sovereignty, unity, courage, pride, scenic beauty, progress, peace, cultural and biological diversity, and respect. In August 2016, the BBC ranked Nepal's national anthem third in its list of Rio 2016: The most amazing national anthems, citing its musical differences compared to other anthems.

National anthem
A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. Some countries that are devolved into multiple constituent states have their own official musical compositions for them (such as with the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union); their constituencies' songs are sometimes referred to as national anthems even though they are not sovereign states.
Kuliana Assembly constituency
Kuliana was an Assembly constituency from Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. It was established in 1974 and abolished in 2008. After 2008 delimitation, It was subsumed by the Bangriposi Assembly constituency. It was reserved for the Scheduled Tribes.

Mayurbhanj district
Mayurbhanj district is one of the 30 districts of Odisha state in eastern India and the largest in the state by area, nearly equivalent to Tripura. The district's headquarters is located in Baripada, with other major towns including Rairangpur, Karanjia, and Udala. As of 2011, Mayurbhanj ranks as the third-most populous district in Odisha, following Ganjam and Cuttack. The district also known for the Similipal National park.
Hilton Indianapolis
The Hilton Indianapolis Hotel & Suites is a hotel in Indianapolis, Indiana. The structure was completed as an office building in 1971 and converted to a hotel in 2000. It has 18 floors with a total of 332 rooms. The Hilton was formerly the tallest hotel in the city; the JW Marriott Indianapolis surpassed it when it was completed in 2011.

JW Marriott Indianapolis
JW Marriott Indianapolis is a hotel in downtown Indianapolis, adjacent to the Indiana Convention Center. The new JW Marriott Indianapolis is part of the $450 million Marriott Place, consisting of five Marriott hotels all connected to the Indiana Convention Center. The City of Indianapolis contributed $48 million to the project. The hotel is 34 floors and 376 feet (115 m) tall, making it the 7th-tallest building in Indianapolis and tallest hotel in Indiana. The facility also has a 950 space underground parking garage. It is the largest JW Marriott hotel in the United States based on its 1,013 guest rooms and is owned and managed by White Lodging.
Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority
The Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority (EPRA), formerly the Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) is an independent regulatory authority responsible for technical and economic regulation of electricity, petroleum (Upstream, midstream and downstream) and renewable energy subsectors in Kenya.

Geothermal Development Company
The Geothermal Development Company (GDC) is a wholly owned parastatal of the Government of Kenya. It is mandated to execute surface geothermal development, including prospecting for, drilling, harnessing and selling geothermal energy to electricity-generating companies for energy production and sale to the national grid.
Central Ontario
Central Ontario is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario that lies between Georgian Bay and the eastern end of Lake Ontario.

The population of the region was 1,123,307 in 2016; however, this number does not include large numbers of seasonal cottage country residents, which at peak times of the year swell its population to well in excess of 1.5 million. Although it contains many small and medium-sized urban centres, much of Central Ontario is covered by farms, lakes (with freshwater beaches), rivers or sparsely populated forested land on the southern edge of the Canadian Shield.

Peterborough County
Peterborough County is a county and census division located in Southern Ontario, Canada. The county seat is the City of Peterborough, which is independent of the county.

The southern section of the county is mix of agriculture, urban and lakefront properties. The northern section of the county is mostly sparsely populated wilderness, with numerous rivers and lakes mostly within Kawartha Highlands Provincial Park.

The county contains the Kawarthas, a major tourist region.
Superior rectal vein
The inferior mesenteric vein begins in the rectum as the superior rectal vein (superior hemorrhoidal vein), which has its origin in the hemorrhoidal plexus, and through this plexus communicates with the middle and inferior hemorrhoidal veins.

The superior rectal vein leaves the lesser pelvis and crosses the left common iliac vessels with the superior rectal artery, and is continued upward as the inferior mesenteric vein.

Inferior rectal veins
The lower part of the external hemorrhoidal plexus is drained by the inferior rectal veins (or inferior hemorrhoidal veins) into the internal pudendal vein.

Veins superior to the middle rectal vein in the colon and rectum drain via the portal system to the liver. Veins inferior, and including, the middle rectal vein drain into systemic circulation and are returned to the heart, bypassing the liver.

Pathologies involving the Inferior rectal veins may cause lower GI bleeding. Depending on the degree of inflammation, they are given a grade level ranging from 1 through 4.
81 Cancri
81 Cancri is a stellar system in the zodiac constellation of Cancer. It has the Bayer designation Pi1 Cancri, which is Latinized from π1 Cancri, and abbreviated Pi1 Cnc or π1 Cnc; 81 Cancri is the star's Flamsteed designation. The main component of the system is a close binary, while a brown dwarf binary is located at a wide separation. The primary is just bright enough to be visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 6.49. Its position near the ecliptic means it is subject to lunar occultations.

Based on parallax measurements, this system is located at a distance of 66 light-years (20 pc) from the Sun. HD 164595 has a large proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at an angular rate of 0.578″ yr−1. It is drifting further away with a line of sight velocity of 49.8 km/s.

Cancer (constellation)
Cancer is one of the twelve constellations of the zodiac and is located in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for crab and it is commonly represented as one. Cancer is a medium-size constellation with an area of 506 square degrees and its stars are rather faint, its brightest star Beta Cancri having an apparent magnitude of 3.5. It contains ten stars with known planets, including 55 Cancri, which has five: one super-Earth and four gas giants, one of which is in the habitable zone and as such has expected temperatures similar to Earth. At the (angular) heart of this sector of our celestial sphere is Praesepe (Messier 44), one of the closest open clusters to Earth and a popular target for amateur astronomers.
2022 South and Central American Women's Handball Championship
‌The 2022 South and Central American Women's Handball Championship was the third edition of the championship and held from 15 to 19 November 2022 at Buenos Aires, Argentina under the aegis of South and Central America Handball Confederation. It was the first time in history that the championship is organised by the Argentinean Handball Confederation and also acted as the qualification tournament for the 2023 World Women's Handball Championship, with the top two teams qualifying.

Brazil won their third title.

South and Central American Women's Handball Championship
The South and Central American Women's Handball Championship is the official competition for senior national handball teams of South America and Central America, and takes place every two years. In addition to crowning the South and Central American champions, the tournament also serves as a qualifying tournament for the World Handball Championship. The first edition was held in 2018.
Nathalie Hagman
Nathalie Mari Hagman (born 19 July 1991) is a Swedish handball player for Győri ETO KC and the Swedish national handball team.

She played her first match for Sweden in 2009 at the age of 17. To date, Hagman is still the youngest ever debutant in the national team.

EHF Women's European League
The Women's EHF European League is an annual competition for women's handball clubs of Europe. It is organized by the EHF. It is currently the second-tier competition of European club handball, ranking only below the EHF Champions League.

Previously called the Women's EHF Cup, the competition is known as the Women's EHF European League from the 2020–21 season.
Atton Lake
Atton Lake is a spring fed, closed basin lake on the western side of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The lake is north-east of the town of Cut Knife, south-east of Paynton, and directly east of Poundmaker Indian reserve in the RM of Cut Knife No. 439. The confluence of Cut Knife Creek and Battle River is to the north-west. Access to the lake and associated park is from Highway 40, east of Cut Knife.

Atton Lake is a shallow lake at about only 5 metres (16 ft) deep. Directly to the east is another shallow Lake, Bushy Lake, and to the west is Wishtikan Lake. The area around the lake is well-treed. Along the southern shore of the lake is Atton's Lake Regional Park which has a campground, beach access, and golf course. Around the southern half of the lake is a cottage subdivision.

Cut Knife Creek
Cut Knife Creek is a river in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The river begins about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south of the Highway 40 / Highway 21 intersection and ends at Battle River in the Poundmaker Cree Nation. Battle River is a major tributary of the North Saskatchewan River. The Battle of Cut Knife of the North-West Rebellion took place on Cut Knife Hill near the river on 2 May 1885. The site of the battle was designated a National Historic Site of Canada and is the location of Chief Poundmaker's grave.

'Cut Knife' is named after a Sarcee chief who was killed in a skirmish with the Cree near the area in the 1840s.
Shanghai Metro rolling stock
This article lists the rolling stock of the Shanghai Metro, a rapid transit system serving Shanghai. The table below contain the 1,190 trains with 7,394 carriages on the Shanghai Metro operational as of January 2021. There are 51 models in service as of August 2025.

Standard gauge is used throughout the network, allowing new train equipment to be transported over the Chinese rail network which uses the same gauge. In contrast to many other metro systems in the world, the Shanghai Metro uses overhead wires for the power supply, except for line 16, line 17 and Pujiang line which use third rail. All lines with overhead wires are DC1500V overhead wires. The overhead wires is divided into overhead catenary and overhead conductor rails. Except for the earlier construction of lines 1-4, all underground sections are powered by overhead conductor rails, and the rest are powered by overhead catenary.

Shanghai Metro
The Shanghai Metro (Chinese: 上海地铁; pinyin: Shànghǎi Dìtiě; Shanghainese: Zaon6he5 Di6thiq7) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts and to the neighboring township of Huaqiao, in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province.

Forming the vast majority of the broader, multi-operator Shanghai rail transit network, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's second longest metro system by route length, totaling 808 kilometres (502 mi) and the second largest system by number of stations, with 506 stations across 19 lines (408, if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations). It also ranks first in the world by annual ridership, with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019. The last daily ridership record was set on 9 March 2024, at 13.39 million rides. Ridership routinely stands at over 10 million on an average workday, accounting for 73% of trips on public transport in the city.
24 season 4
The fourth season of the American drama television series 24, also known as Day 4, premiered on January 9, 2005, on Fox and aired its season finale on May 23, 2005. The season four storyline starts and ends at 7:00 am.

Charles Logan (24)
Charles Logan is a fictional character played by Gregory Itzin in the television series 24. During the show's fourth season, Logan is the Vice President of the United States who is sworn into office as President of the United States when then President John Keeler is critically injured in a terrorist attack. Subsequently, Logan's administration fell into corruption. The show's fifth season sees him engage in a massive conspiracy to solidify United States oil interests. Logan appears in the fifth and eighth seasons as the primary antagonist.

For the role, Itzin received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series in 2006 and Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series in 2010.
Space Base Delta 3
Space Base Delta 3 (SBD 3) is a United States Space Force unit assigned to the Space Systems Command. The unit is stationed at Los Angeles Air Force Base in El Segundo, California, United States.

It is the successor to the 61st Air Base Group of the United States Air Force and the Los Angeles Garrison, which existed through the first two years of the Space Force. The garrison operates Los Angeles Air Force Base and supports Space Systems Command.

The origins date to World War II where the 61st Troop Carrier Group (61 TCG) was a Douglas C-47 Skytrain transport unit assigned to both Twelfth and Ninth Air Forces in North Africa, Italy and Western Europe. The 61 TCG was highly decorated for its combat parachute infantry drops during the Invasion of Sicily (Operation Husky); Invasion of Italy (Operation Avalanche); Invasion of France (Operation Overlord); the airborne invasion of the Netherlands (Operation Market-Garden); and the airborne crossing of the Rhine River (Operation Varsity).

Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army
The Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army (MTOUSA), originally called the North African Theater of Operations, United States Army (NATOUSA), was a military formation of the United States Army that supervised all U.S. Army forces which fought in North Africa and Italy during World War II.

United States Army operations in the theater began with Operation Torch, when Allied forces landed on the beaches of northwest Africa on 8 November 1942, and concluded in the Italian Alps some 31 months later, with the German surrender in Italy on 2 May 1945. For administrative purposes, U.S. components were responsible to Headquarters North African Theater of Operations, United States Army (NATOUSA), which was created 14 February 1943. NATOUSA was redesignated Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army (MTOUSA), on 26 October 1944.