hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
German Rummy
German Rummy or Rommé (German: Deutsches Rommé or Rommé mit Auslegen) is the most popular form of the worldwide game, Rummy, played in Austria and Germany. It is a game for two to six players and is played with two packs of French playing cards, each comprising 52 regular cards and three jokers. There are no partnerships. In Germany, the Germany Rummy Association (Deutscher Romméverband) is the umbrella organisation for local rummy clubs and organises national competitions. The game is often just known as Rommé in Germany and Rummy in Austria.

Cut (cards)
In card games, to cut the cards (also "cut the deck" or "cut the pack") is to split the deck into two packets by lifting one packet from the top and placing it face down next to the remaining cards beneath it. The lower packet is then placed on top of it. This is typically done after the cards have already been shuffled, and the procedure is used just prior to the cards being dealt to the players. The aim of this is to reduce the possibility of cheating, for example, by knowing the top or bottom card. Cutting the cards is also a common way of determining the seating order at a card table, the partnerships or the first dealer.
Pendleton Buckaroos
The Pendleton Buckaroos were a minor league baseball team based in Pendleton, Oregon. The Buckaroos were preceded by Pendleton teams that played as members of the Pacific Interstate League in 1891 and Inland Empire League in 1902 and 1908. The Buckaroos were members of the Class D level Western Tri-State League from 1912 to 1914. Pendleton won league championships in 1902 and 1914.

The teams hosted all home minor league games at Round Up Park in Pendleton.

Pendleton, Oregon
Pendleton is a city in and the county seat of Umatilla County, Oregon, United States. The population was 17,107 at the time of the 2020 census, which includes approximately 1,600 people who are incarcerated at Eastern Oregon Correctional Institution.

Pendleton is the smaller of the two principal cities of the Hermiston–Pendleton Micropolitan Statistical Area. This micropolitan area covers Morrow and Umatilla counties and had a combined population of 92,261 at the 2020 census.
Laksana Tri Handoko
Laksana Tri Handoko (born 7 May 1968, in Malang) is an Indonesian scientist and public official specializing in theoretical and particle physics. He formerly served as the deputy head of science and technology for the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (Indonesian: Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, LIPI) from 2014 to 2018. In 2018, he replaced Bambang Subiyanto as the acting chairman of the institute.

He was Chairman of the National Research and Innovation Agency (Indonesian: Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, BRIN) from 2021 to 2025.

Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (German: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung) is a foundation that promotes international academic cooperation between scientists and scholars from Germany and abroad. Established by the government of the Federal Republic of Germany, it is funded by the Federal Foreign Office, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, and other national and international partners.
Lise Noblet
Marie-Élisabeth Noblet (24 November 1801 in Paris – September 1852 in Paris), known by her stage name of Lise Noblet, was a French ballet dancer. She débuted at the Paris Opera Ballet in 1819 in a pas de deux with Albert, then danced the principal roles in the ballets of Pierre Gardel. She left the Opéra in 1841 on the death of her faithful companion, général Claparède.

She created the title role of Fenella in the opera La muette de Portici by Daniel Auber.  The role of Alphonse in that opera was created by Alexis Dupont, who married Lise Noblet's sister Félicité Noblet.  She was also a ballerina, and appeared under her husband's name, Alexis Dupont.

Pierre Gardel
Pierre-Gabriel Gardel (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ ɡabʁijɛl ɡaʁdɛl]; 4 February 1758, in Nancy, France – 18 October 1840, in Paris) was a French ballet dancer, ballet master, violinist, and composer. He was the son of Claude Gardel and the younger brother of Maximilien Gardel, seventeen years his senior. In 1795 he married the dancer Marie Miller, whom he showcased in many of his works.
Gmina Tułowice
Gmina Tułowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Tułowice, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 81.13 square kilometres (31.3 sq mi). As of 2019, its total population was 4,011.

Opole County, Opole Voivodeship
Opole County (Polish: powiat opolski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Opole, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains four towns: Ozimek, 20 km (12 mi) east of Opole, Niemodlin, 24 km (15 mi) west of Opole, Prószków, 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Opole, and Tułowice, 22 kilometres (14 mi) south-west of Opole.

The county covers an area of 1,586.82 square kilometres (612.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 123,487, out of which the population of Ozimek is 8,657, that of Niemodlin is 6,315, that of Tułowice is 4,011, that of Prószków is 2,570, and the rural population is 101,934.
Polystichum
Polystichum is a genus of ferns in the family Dryopteridaceae, subfamily Dryopteridoideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). The genus has about 500 species and has a cosmopolitan distribution. The highest diversity is in eastern Asia, with about 208 species in China alone; the region from Mexico to Brazil has at least 100 additional species; Africa (at least 17 species), North America (at least 18 species), and Europe (at least 5 species) have much lower diversity. Polystichum species are terrestrial or rock-dwelling ferns of warm-temperate and montane-tropical regions (a few species grow in alpine regions). They are often found in disturbed habitats such as road cuts, talus slopes, and stream banks.

Polystichum aculeatum
Polystichum aculeatum, the  hard shield-fern, is an evergreen fern native to Europe. It is most abundant in upland regions of the British Isles and western France, where it benefits from the combination of mild winters and moist summers, but also occurs more locally across most of Europe except northern Scandinavia, northern Russia; in the Mediterranean region it is confined to high altitudes. It grows on steep slopes in woodlands. it is sometimes considered an indicator of the presence of ancient woodlands.
Penn State–West Virginia football rivalry
The Penn State–West Virginia football rivalry is an American college football rivalry between the Penn State Nittany Lions and West Virginia Mountaineers. Penn State leads the series 50–9–2.

Penn State and West Virginia have met 60 times, the third-highest number of meetings for a Nittany Lion opponent, trailing only the Pittsburgh Panthers (100) and Syracuse Orange (71). The Nittany Lions and Mountaineers first met in 1904 and played every season from 1947 to 1992 (46 consecutive games), with the series ending in 1993 after Penn State and West Virginia joined the Big Ten and Big East Conferences, respectively.

Penn State Nittany Lions football
The Penn State Nittany Lions team represents the Pennsylvania State University in college football. The Nittany Lions compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) as a member of the Big Ten Conference, which they joined in 1993 after playing as an Independent from 1892 to 1992.

Established in 1887, the Nittany Lions have achieved numerous on-field successes, including two consensus national championships in 1982 and 1986; four Big Ten Conference championships in 1994, 2005, 2008 and 2016; 13 undefeated seasons in 1887, 1894, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1920, 1921, 1947, 1968, 1969, 1973, 1986 and 1994; and 53 appearances in college bowl games, with an all-time post-season bowl record of 32–20–2. The team ranks seventh among NCAA Division I college football programs in all-time total wins.

The Nittany Lions play their home games at Beaver Stadium, located on campus in University Park, Pennsylvania.
2001 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 2001 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 104th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Birr were the defending champions.

The final was played on 7 October 2001 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Birr and St Rynagh's, in what was their first meeting in the final in two years. Birr won the match by 0–11 to 0–10 to claim their 16th championship title overall and a third title in succession.

Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The Offaly Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Molloy Environmental Senior Hurling Championship) is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Offaly GAA clubs. The Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1896.

Kilcormac–Killoughey are the title-holders, defeating shinrone by 1–24 to 2–14 in the 2025 final.
Holy Trinity Church, Ulverston
Holy Trinity Church is a redundant Anglican parish church in New Church Lane, Ulverston, Cumbria, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.  It is a Commissioners' church, having received a grant towards its construction from the Church Building Commission.

Ulverston
Ulverston is a market town and civil parish in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England. Historically in Lancashire, it lies a few miles south of the Lake District National Park and just north-west of Morecambe Bay, within the Furness Peninsula. Lancaster is 39 miles (63 km) to the east, Barrow-in-Furness 10 miles (16 km) to the south-west and Kendal 25 miles (40 km) to the north-east. In the 2001 census the parish had a population of 11,524, increasing at the 2011 census to 11,678.
Deb Willet
Deborah Willet (1650–1678) was a young maid employed by Samuel Pepys (1633–1703), an English naval administrator and Member of Parliament. She and Pepys, 17 years her senior, engaged in a liaison that was chronicled in his famous diary. When Pepys's diary first was published in the late 19th century, the more explicit parts describing the author's affair with Willet were not printed. They were included in the 2002 edition of the diary.

Maid
A maid, housemaid, or maidservant is a female domestic worker. In the Victorian era, domestic service was the second-largest category of employment in England and Wales, after agricultural work. In developed Western nations, full-time maids are now typically only found in the wealthiest households. In other parts of the world (mainly within the continent of Asia), maids remain common in urban middle-class households.

Maid in Middle English meant an unmarried woman, especially a young one, or specifically a virgin.  These meanings lived on in English until recent times (and are still familiar from literature and folk music), alongside the sense of the word as a type of servant.
Internet in Singapore
In Singapore, there are  11,512,900 broadband Internet subscribers (as of February 2015). There are three major Internet service providers in Singapore, namely, Singtel, StarHub, and M1 and other growing providers like MyRepublic and ViewQwest. Over the years, the Singapore Government has been promoting the usage of broadband Internet access, as part of its Intelligent Nation 2015 (iN2015) and Smart Nation initiative.

Internet access is readily available in Singapore, with a connectivity rate of over 99%. Surveys have also indicated a significant emotional connectedness between Singaporeans with their internet access. In August 2018, Ookla's tests determined that Singapore's broadband speed of 181.47 Mbit/s is the highest in the world.

Intelligent Nation 2015
Intelligent Nation 2015 (iN2015) is a 10-year master plan by the Government of Singapore to improve Singapore's infocomm infrastructure over the next decade. Led by the Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore (IDA), iN2015 involves several organizations.

According to IDA, iN2015 is the blueprint to navigate Singapore's "transition into a global city, universally recognized as an enviable synthesis of technology, infrastructure, enterprise and manpower".

The Singapore government hopes to use iN2015 to greatly expand Singapore's infocomm industry.
Horseshoe, Jersey City
The Horseshoe section of Jersey City, New Jersey, was the second ward, and was the home of the immigrants, tenements, and taverns. The Republican-controlled Legislature gerrymandered the district in 1871 to concentrate and isolate Democratic, and mostly Catholic, votes, thus preserving Republican dominance in the rest of the city. The curved shape of the district was said to resemble a horseshoe.

As competing railroads built cuts through Bergen Hill, they also built viaducts from the foot of the cliff which passed through residential districts to the waterfront.  The district is often associated with the name Pavonia encompassing Harsimus Cove, Hamilton Park, Powerhouse and the former site of the Erie Railroad's Hudson waterfront Pavonia Terminal and the Pavonia Ferry, which since the 1980s has been redeveloped as Newport.  
Frank Hague was born in the Horseshoe, and used it as his power base to become mayor of Jersey City and influential in local, state, and national politics.

Powerhouse Arts District
The Powerhouse Arts District is a historic warehouse district in Downtown Jersey City, New Jersey, United States, on the water front of the Hudson River. Its name derives from the unused generating station Hudson and Manhattan Railroad Powerhouse, a historic Victorian-era power plant that was renovated into an arts center. The area was once home to large industrial operations, which gradually left the district during the 20th century, leaving large derelict buildings that attracted artists drawn to the large, affordable loft spaces.
Field hockey at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's qualification
The qualification for the Field hockey at the 2016 Summer Olympics was held from September 2014 to October 2015. There were three qualification events, host country, continental championship, and 2014–15 FIH Hockey World League Semifinals respectively. Total twelve teams could participated in the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Field hockey at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's field hockey tournament at the 2016 Summer Olympics was the tenth edition of the field hockey event for women at the Summer Olympics. It took place over a fourteen-day period beginning on 6 August, and culminating with the medal finals on 19 August. All games were played at the Olympic Hockey Centre in Deodoro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Great Britain won the gold medal for the first time after defeating defending champions the Netherlands 2–0  on a penalty shoot-out after a 3–3 draw. Germany won the bronze medal by defeating New Zealand 2–1.

The medals for the tournament were presented by Barry Maister, New Zealand; Camiel Eurlings, Netherlands; and Nicole Hoevertsz, Aruba; members of the International Olympic Committee, and the gifts were presented by Pam Elgar and Marijke Fleuren, executive board members of the International Hockey Federation and Leandro Negre, president of the International Hockey Federation.
Contraband (coal mine)
Contraband in coal mines means items which are not allowed to be taken underground in a coal mine because if there is firedamp about they may start a fire or explosion. This includes: matches, tobacco and other smoking materials, anything that may cause sparks, anything with electric components except what has been safety-approved. They have to be declared before going down and left there, and collected after coming out of the mine.

Firedamp
Firedamp is any flammable gas found in coal mines, typically coalbed methane.  It is particularly found in areas where the coal is bituminous. The gas accumulates in pockets in the coal and adjacent strata and, when they are penetrated, the release of the gas can cause explosions. Historically, if such a pocket was highly pressurized, it was termed a "bag of foulness".
1989 Ashes series
The 1989 Ashes series was a series of Test cricket matches contested between England and Australia for the Ashes. It formed part of the 1989 Australian tour of England. The six-Test series began on 8 June 1989 at Headingley in Leeds and ended on 29 August 1989 at The Oval in London.

Australia won the series 4–0 to win the Ashes for the first time since 1982–83, and the first time in England since 1975. Australia would go on to retain the Ashes until 2005, winning four series at home and a further three in England during this period.

The one-sidedness of the series was highlighted by Australia only using 12 players for the whole series, compared with England using 29 players.

Australian cricket team in England in 1989
The Australian cricket team toured England in the 1989 season to play a six-match Test series against England. The tour also included matches in Wales, Scotland, the Netherlands and Denmark. Australia won the series 4–0 with two matches drawn.  Australia therefore regained The Ashes.
Derwenthorpe
Derwenthorpe (/ˈdɜːwɛntθɔːp/ DER-went-thorp) is a housing development situated approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) to the east of York city centre which is adjacent to Osbaldwick, Tang Hall and Meadlands.  The design and planning for this new estate was undertaken by the Joseph Rowntree Housing Trust (JRHT) and the building contract for all four build phases has been awarded to Barratt Developments (under the brand name "David Wilson Homes").

The original name of "New Osbaldwick" was dropped in favour of "Derwenthorpe" in 2004 in reference to the Derwent Valley Light Railway that used to run through the site.

Tang Hall
Tang Hall is a suburban district of the city of York in North Yorkshire, England. The name is derived from the Anglo Saxon Tang, which means the meeting place of two becks (Osbaldwick and Tang Hall becks join in the nearby St Nicholas Fields Local Nature Reserve, but this portion of the water courses is now culverted), and a Hall that stood on Fourth Avenue until the 1970s. The Hall was latterly used as the Tang Hall pub, and known at that time as the Tang Hall Hotel, until it was demolished and replaced by a purpose-built pub, the Tang Hall, which in turn was demolished in 2007.
Reactive transport modeling in porous media
Reactive transport modeling in porous media refers to the creation of computer models integrating chemical reaction with transport of fluids through the Earth's crust. Such models predict the distribution in space and time of the chemical reactions that occur along a flowpath. Reactive transport modeling in general can refer to many other processes, including reactive flow of chemicals through tanks, reactors, or membranes; particles and species in the atmosphere; gases exiting a smokestack; and migrating magma.

Geochemistry
Geochemistry is the science that uses the tools and principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms behind major geological systems such as the Earth's crust and its oceans.: 1  The realm of geochemistry extends beyond the Earth, encompassing the entire Solar System, and has made important contributions to the understanding of a number of processes including mantle convection, the formation of planets and the origins of granite and basalt.: 1  It is an integrated field of chemistry and geology.
VP-22 (1943–1994)
VP-22 was a long-lived Patrol Squadron of the U.S. Navy, nicknamed the Dragons from 1944 to 1950, and the Blue Geese from 1951 to 1994. It was established as Bombing Squadron VB-102 on 15 February 1943, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron VPB-102 on 1 October 1944, redesignated VP-102 on 15 May 1946, redesignated Heavy Patrol Squadron (Landplane) VP-HL-2 on 15 November 1946, redesignated VP-22 on 1 September 1948 and disestablished on 31 March 1994. It was the third squadron to be designated VP-22, the first VP-22 was disestablished, merged with VP-101 on 18 April 1942 and the second VP-22 was redesignated VPB-22 on 1 October 1944.

Consolidated PBY Catalina
The Consolidated Model 28, more commonly known as the PBY Catalina (U.S. Navy designation), is an American flying boat and amphibious aircraft designed by Consolidated Aircraft in the 1930s and 1940s. In U.S. Army service, it was designated as the OA-10 and in Canadian service as the Canso, and it later received the NATO reporting name Mop. It was one of the most widely used seaplanes of World War II. Catalinas served with every branch of the United States Armed Forces and in the air forces and navies of many other nations.  The last military PBYs served until the 1980s.
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, 1859–1860
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly who served in the third parliament of New South Wales held their seats from 1859 to 1860. The Speaker was Sir Daniel Cooper until 31 January 1860 and then Terence Murray.

Terence Aubrey Murray
Sir Terence Aubrey Murray (10 May 1810 – 22 June 1873) was an Irish-Australian pastoralist, parliamentarian and knight of the realm. 
He had the double distinction of being, at separate times, both the Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly and the President of the New South Wales Legislative Council. From 1837 to 1859 he owned the Yarralumla estate, which now serves as the official Canberra residence of the Governor-General of Australia.
B&F Fk131 Bücker Jungmann
The B&F Fk131 Bücker Jungmann (transl. freshman, young man) is a German ultralight and homebuilt aircraft with the project design headed by B&F Technik Vertriebs GmbH of Speyer and the aircraft produced by Podesva Air of the Czech Republic, introduced at the AERO Friedrichshafen show in 2013. The aircraft was built in a production run of ten aircraft and supplied complete and ready-to-fly. By 2017 it was no longer advertised for sale.

The aircraft is a replica of the 1934 Bücker Bü 131 Jungmann.

Bracing (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, bracing comprises structural members which stiffen the functional airframe to give it rigidity and strength under load. Bracing may be applied both internally and externally, and may take the form of struts, which act in compression or tension as the need arises, and/or wires, which act only in tension.

In general, bracing allows a stronger, lighter structure than one which is unbraced, but external bracing adds drag which slows down the aircraft and raises considerably more design issues than internal bracing. Another disadvantage of bracing wires is that they require routine checking and adjustment, or rigging, even when located internally.

During the early years of aviation, bracing was a universal feature of aeroplanes, including monoplanes and biplanes, which were then equally common. Bracing in the form of lift struts remains in use for some light commercial designs where a high wing and light weight are more important than ultimate performance.
John Davies (archivist)
John Davies A.M.N. P.P.N. (July 27, 1925 – October 21, 1999) was an archivist, writer, and recipient of the prestigious Ahli Mangku Negara award. He served as Executive Officer of the National Archives of Malaysia (Arkib Negara Malaysia), Petaling Jaya between the 1961 and 1977. He was the world's leading authority on the conservation and preservation of documents during his era.

Archivist
An archivist is an information professional who assesses, collects, organizes, preserves, maintains control over, and provides access to records and archives determined to have long-term value. The records that are maintained by an archivist can consist of a variety of forms, including but not limited to letters, diaries, logs, other personal documents, government documents, sound or picture recordings, digital files, or other physical objects.