hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ruin marble
Ruin marble is a kind of limestone or siltstone that contains light and dark patterns. The name is misleading – it is not a marble.

It originates mostly from the city of Florence, Tuscany, in central Italy.
Its color pattern consists mainly of gray, brown and reddish, sometimes also blue and black, giving it the impression of a ruined landscape painting. The patterns (similar to Liesegang rings) develop during diagenesis due to periodic rhythmic precipitation of iron and manganese hydroxides from oxidizing aqueous fluids, restricted laterally by calcite and clay filled joints.

Calcite
Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). It is a very common mineral, particularly as a component of limestone. Calcite defines hardness 3 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on scratch hardness comparison. Large calcite crystals are used in optical equipment, and limestone composed mostly of calcite has numerous uses.

Other polymorphs of calcium carbonate are the minerals aragonite and vaterite. Aragonite will change to calcite over timescales of days or less at temperatures exceeding 300 °C, and vaterite is even less stable.
Villa Vicentina
Villa Vicentina (Friulian: Vile Visintine, locally: La Vila) is a frazione of Fiumicello Villa Vicentina in the Province of Udine in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Udine.

The Villa Ciardi, in the town's territory, was the summer residence of Elisa Bonaparte Baciocchi, sister of Napoleon Bonaparte.

Udine
Udine (US: /ˈuːdiːneɪ/ OO-dee-nay; Italian: [ˈuːdine] ⓘ; Friulian: Udin; Latin: Utinum; Slovene: Videm) is a city and comune (municipality) in northeastern Italy, in the middle of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic Sea and the Carnic Alps. It is the capital of the Regional decentralization entity of Udine. As of 2025, it has a population of 98,320 in the commune, and 176,000 in the urban area.
Joaquín Vallejo Arbeláez
Joaquín Vallejo Arbeláez (2 October 1912 — 31 December 2005) was a Colombian civil engineer, businessman and writer who served as 12th Permanent Representative of Colombia to the United Nations, and held various ministries during the Military Junta and the National Front in Colombia. As Colombian Minister of Foment in 1957 during the administration of General Gabriel París Gordillo, he helped design and implement the mechanism that would eventually become known as the Vallejo Plan, a business plan that would allow Colombian companies to import raw materials, specialized equipment, and industrial machinery with duty-free exemptions or lowered tariffs, if those materials and/or equipment would go towards producing marketable exporting goods, as an incentive to industrialize the national economy and open up to international markets.

Permanent Representative of Colombia to the United Nations
The permanent representative of Colombia to the United Nations  is the permanent representative of the Republic of Colombia to the United Nations, accredited as Concurrent Non-Resident Ambassador to the Republic of Kosovo, and Montenegro.

The permanent representative is Colombia's foremost diplomatic representative to UN, and Chief of Mission in New York City. The permanent representative however, is not the only high-ranking Colombian diplomat in the United States, the other two being the permanent representative of Colombia to the OAS in Washington, D.C., and the ambassador of Colombia to the United States, also in Washington D.C. The officeholder is charged with representing the interests of the President and Government of Colombia, and advancing the relations between Colombia and the general world community.
Dallas Reef
Dallas Reef (7°38′N 113°48′E﻿ / ﻿7.633°N 113.800°E﻿ / 7.633; 113.800), also known as Malay: Terumbu Laya; Vietnamese: đá Suối Cát; Mandarin Chinese: 光星礁; pinyin: Guāngxīng Jiāo; Rajah Matanda Reef (Filipino: Bahura ng Rajah Matanda), lies on the SW extremity of Dangerous Ground (South China Sea) in the Spratly Islands of the South China Sea.

It is approximately 7 km long and 2 km wide, and encloses a lagoon ~15m deep.  It is 9 km west of Ardasier Reef, and 26 km north of Swallow Reef.

As with all of the Spratly Islands, the ownership of the atoll is disputed. It is controlled by Malaysia, and claimed by the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan) and Vietnam. The Filipino name is named after precolonial Philippine ruler of Manila, Rajah Matanda.

Swallow Reef
Swallow Reef, also known as Malay: Pulau Layang-Layang; Vietnamese: Đá Hoa Lau; Mandarin Chinese: 燕子島; pinyin: Yànzi Dǎo; Celerio Reef (Filipino: Bahura ng Celerio), is an oceanic atoll of the Spratly Islands administered by Malaysia.

The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) has maintained a presence on the reef since 1983, but as with all of the Spratly Islands, the ownership is disputed, and it is also claimed by the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan) and Vietnam. The Philippines does not lay claim to Swallow Reef.
Skarnes
Skarnes is the administrative centre of Sør-Odal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is situated along the river Glomma, about halfway between the villages of Disenå and Sander. The new Sør-Odal municipal hall is located in the village, and construction was completed in 2010.

The Kongsvingerbanen railway line runs through the village, stopping at Skarnes Station, which opened in 1862. The European route E16 highway also runs through the village. The Oppstad Church is located about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of the village.

The 2.44-square-kilometre (600-acre) village has a population (2024) of 2,728 and a population density of 1,118 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,900/sq mi).

Oppstad Church
Oppstad Church (Norwegian: Oppstad kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Sør-Odal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Oppstad. It is the church for the Oppstad parish which is part of the Solør, Vinger og Odal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The white, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in 1725 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 200 people.
Donald W. Roberts
Donald W. Roberts (January 20, 1933 – May 2, 2021) was an American insect pathologist and one of the originators of that field. He was especially known for research into biological pest control of Lepidoptera by Metarhizium but also Beauveria bassiana. He was a Research Professor Emeritus in the Biology Department of Utah State University.

Academic Press
Academic Press (AP) is an academic book publisher founded in 1941. It launched a British division in the 1950s. Academic Press was acquired by Harcourt, Brace & World in 1969. Reed Elsevier said in 2000 it would buy Harcourt, a deal completed the next year, after a regulatory review.  Thus, Academic Press became an imprint of Elsevier.

Academic Press publishes reference books, serials and online products in the subject areas of:

Communications engineering

Economics

Environmental science

Finance

Food science and nutrition

Geophysics

Life sciences

Mathematics and statistics

Neuroscience

Physical sciences

Psychology

Well-known products include the Methods in Enzymology series and encyclopedias such as The International Encyclopedia of Public Health and the Encyclopedia of Neuroscience.
Ischnocnema
Ischnocnema is a genus of frogs from eastern Brazil and north-eastern Argentina. They comprise the former Eleutherodactylus from this region, but they are closer to Brachycephalus than the "true" Eleutherodactylus. Consequently, they are now placed in their own genus Ischnocnema in the family Brachycephalidae.

Eleutherodactylus
Eleutherodactylus is a genus of frogs in the family Eleutherodactylidae. Many of the 200 species of the genus are commonly known as "rain frogs" or "robber frogs", due to their sharp, high-pitched, insect-like calls. They are found from the southern United States south to Central America, and reach their greatest diversity in the Caribbean.

Species endemic to Puerto Rico are often referred to as coquís, of which the best-known species is the common coquí (E. coqui), which is both a national symbol of Puerto Rico and a notorious invasive species in Hawaii. Two Eleutherodactylus species, E. limbatus and E. iberia, are among the smallest known frogs, measuring only 8.5 mm in length (only slightly larger than Paedophryne amauensis, which measures around 7.7 mm).
Carolina Araujo (mathematician)
Carolina Bhering de Araujo (born in 1976) is a Brazilian mathematician specializing in algebraic geometry, including birational geometry, Fano varieties, and foliations. Other than her research in mathematics, she is also known for her efforts for improving the conditions for women mathematicians.

International Centre for Theoretical Physics
The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) is a research center for physical and mathematical sciences, located in Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy.

The center operates under a tripartite agreement between the Italian Government, UNESCO, and the International Atomic Energy Agency. It is located near the Miramare Park, about 10 kilometres from the downtown of Trieste, Italy. The centre was founded in 1964 by Pakistani Nobel Laureate Mohammad Abdus Salam.

ICTP is part of the Trieste System, a network of national and international scientific institutes in Trieste, promoted by the Italian physicist Paolo Budinich.
Banmankhi Junction railway station
Banmankhi Junction railway station (station code:- BNKI), is the railway station serving the town of Banmankhi in the Purnea district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is a NSG-4 category railway station of Samastipur railway division in East Central Railway.

Samastipur railway division
Samastipur railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the East Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. The division was established in 1969 and is headquartered at Samastipur, Bihar. The current Divisional Railway Manager (DRM) is Shri Jyoti Prakash Mishra.

Other divisions under the East Central Railway Zone include Danapur railway division, Mughalsarai railway division, Dhanbad railway division, and Sonpur railway division, all headquartered at Hajipur.
Eberswalde
Eberswalde (German pronunciation: [ˌeːbɐsˈvaldə] ⓘ) is a major town and the administrative seat of the district Barnim in Brandenburg in north-eastern Germany, about 50 km (31 mi) northeast of Berlin.

The town is often called Waldstadt (forest town), because of the large forests around it, including the Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve. Despite this fact, Eberswalde was an important industrial center until the German Reunification.

Finow Canal
The Finow Canal (German Finowkanal) is one of the oldest artificial waterways in Europe. Construction began in 1605. The channel, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) long, is in the German state of Brandenburg in the Barnim district. It was built for the first time in 1605 and connects the Oder and Havel rivers. The Ragöse river flows into the canal.

After completion of the straighter Oder–Havel Canal in 1914, the economic relevance of the Finow Canal decreased. Today it is mainly used for tourism. The Experimental Radio Station Eberswalde is also at the Finow Canal.
Gmina Pielgrzymka
Gmina Pielgrzymka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotoryja County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Pielgrzymka, which lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Złotoryja, and 86 kilometres (53 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 105.15 square kilometres (40.6 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 4,570.

Złotoryja County
Złotoryja County (Polish: powiat złotoryjski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The county covers an area of 575.45 square kilometres (222.2 sq mi). Its administrative seat is Złotoryja, and it also contains the towns of Wojcieszów and Świerzawa.

As of 2019 the total population of the county is 43,719, out of which the population of Złotoryja is 15,564, that of Wojcieszów is 3,668, that of Świerzawa is 2,286, and the rural population is 22,201.
Samuel Crowbrow
Samuel Crowbrow (also Crowborough, Croborrow and Crobrow) (born 1646) was Archdeacon of Nottingham from 1685–1690 until deprived of the position as a non-juror.

He was the son of Hastings Crowbrow of Repton, Derbyshire, baptised on 2 November 1646 and attended Repton School.

He matriculated B.A. from Queens' College, Cambridge  in 1668, and was awarded MA in 1671, and Doctor of Divinity in 1683.

He held the Prebend of Bugthorpe in York Minster 1678–1680, the Prebend of Wighton in York Minster 1680–1690 and the Prebend of North Muskham in Southwell Minster from 1678. He was also master of Bawtry Hospital in Yorkshire.

He was rector of St George's Church, Barton in Fabis and Vicar of St Mary's Church, Nottingham 1686–1690. Archdeacon of Nottingham 1685–1690.

He lost his position for refusing to take the oaths of allegiance to King William and Queen Mary.

Archdeacon of Nottingham
The Archdeacon of Nottingham is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Church of England Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham, who exercises supervision of clergy and has responsibility for church buildings within the Archdeaconry of Nottingham.
ESPN International
ESPN International is a family of sportscasting and production networks around the world. It was begun in 1983, is operated by ESPN Inc., which is jointly owned by The Walt Disney Company (which holds 72% via indirect subsidiary ABC Inc.), Hearst Communications (which holds 18%), and the National Football League (which holds 10%).

ESPN America
ESPN America was a British-based European sports network, focusing on professional and collegiate sports of the United States and Canada. Originally launched on 5 December 2002 as NASN (the North American Sports Network), ESPN America broadcast a selection of top North American professional and collegiate sports leagues including Major League Baseball (MLB), National Basketball Association (NBA), National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and Canadian Football League (CFL), 24 hours a day on digital cable and digital satellite television.

Formerly operated by Setanta Sports with backing from Benchmark Capital Europe, it was acquired by the American sports media company ESPN in March 2007. It was subsequently re-branded as ESPN America on 1 February 2009 before closing on 1 August 2013.
(R)evolution: The Remixes
(R)Evolution: The Remixes is a remix album from German trance producer and DJ Paul van Dyk released on 22 February 2013. The album consists of 18 selected remixes of songs from the original Evolution album in 2012.

Evolution (Paul van Dyk album)
Evolution is the sixth studio album by Paul van Dyk released in April 2012. The album features a wide range of collaborations including Arty, Giuseppe Ottaviani, Adam Young, Austin Leeds, Plumb, Johnny McDaid's Fieldwork project, and Sue McLaren.

The album was preceded by a series of singles, each of them accompanied by a music video containing state-of-the-art visual effects. All the other tracks on the album are accompanied by a music video as well. "Verano" featuring producer Austin Leeds is the album's first single, released on the 20 February 2012, followed by the second single "Eternity" on 16 March 2012 which features vocals from Adam Young. "I Don't Deserve You" featuring vocals from Plumb was released several months after the release of the album.
Anna Cotton
Anna Cotton or Anna Welby (died 1721) was an English nonconformist and ironmaster. She was the second wife of William Cotton who was an ironmaster. She took control of his business and became a matriarch head of his family after he died.

Ironmaster
An ironmaster is the manager, and usually owner, of a forge or blast furnace for the processing of iron. It is a term mainly associated with the period of the Industrial Revolution, especially in Great Britain.

The ironmaster was usually a large-scale entrepreneur and thus an important member of a community. He would have a large country house or mansion as his residence. The organization of operations surrounding the smelting, refining, and casting of iron was labour-intensive, and so there would be numerous workers reliant on the furnace works.

There were ironmasters (possibly not called such) from the 17th century onward, but they became more prominent with the great expansion in the British iron industry during the Industrial Revolution.
Sadie Gray
Sadie Gray is a fictional character from the American soap opera One Life to Live, played by Broadway actress and singer Lillian Hayman from 1968 to 1986. Sadie regularly sings at special functions and occasions during her appearance on the serial.

Llanview
Llanview, Pennsylvania is the fictional setting for the long-running American soap opera One Life to Live. The city exists in the same fictional universe as cities from other existing or defunct ABC daytime dramas, including Pine Valley, Pennsylvania, from All My Children, Port Charles, New York, from General Hospital, and Corinth, Pennsylvania, from Loving.
TensorFloat-32
TensorFloat-32 (TF32) is a numeric floating point format designed for Tensor Core running on certain Nvidia GPUs. It was first implemented in the Ampere architecture . TensorFloat-32 combines the 8-bit exponent size of IEEE single precision with the 10-bit mantissa size of half precision for a total of 19 bits per number. It is comparable to the bfloat16 format, which uses a 7-bit mantissa.

Half-precision floating-point format
Half precision (sometimes called FP16 or float16) is a binary floating-point computer number format that occupies 16 bits (two bytes in modern computers) in computer memory. It is intended for storage of floating-point values in applications where higher precision is not essential, in particular image processing and neural networks.

Almost all modern uses follow the IEEE 754-2008 standard, where the 16-bit base-2 format is referred to as binary16, and the exponent uses 5 bits. This can express values in the range ±65,504, with the minimum value above 1 being 1 + 1/1024.
Sewerynów, Łask County
Sewerynów [sɛvɛˈrɨnuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Widawa, within Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Widawa, 26 km (16 mi) south-west of Łask, and 57 km (35 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Widawa, Łódź Voivodeship
Widawa [viˈdava] is a village in Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Widawa. It lies approximately 22 km (14 mi) south-west of Łask and 53 km (33 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in the Sieradz Land.
Poya Pictures
Poya Pictures is a full-service production company for film, television and new media clients, based in the USA with offices in Los Angeles and Chicago. It also provides production services for international production companies and advertising agencies.

Lebedyansky (company)
Lebedyansky (Russian: Лебедянский) is a Russian multi-national company that manufacturers fruit juice, baby food, vegetable juice, and soft drinks. The company is owned by PepsiCo, and is the largest fruit juice manufacturer in Eastern Europe and the sixth largest in the world. Lebedyansky has two major production centers, both located in the Lipetsk Oblast.
Stella Abrera
Stella Abrera (born 1978 in Manila, Philippines) is a Filipina-American ballet dancer. She danced as a principal dancer with American Ballet Theatre until her retirement in 2020, and is the company's first Filipina principal ballerina. She then became the artistic director of the dance cultural park Kaatsbaan, and in September 2022 took up the role of artistic director of the ABT JKO School. following Cynthia Harvey's departure in May.

Cynthia Harvey
Cynthia Harvey (born May 17, 1957) is an American former ballet dancer, ballet mistress and educator. She joined the American Ballet Theatre (ABT) in 1974 and was promoted to principal dancer in 1982. In 1986, she joined The Royal Ballet, becoming the company's first American principal dancer. She returned to ABT two years later, and retired in 1996. She then started teaching and staging ballets across the world. Between 2016 and 2022, she was the artistic director of the Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis School, the affiliated school of ABT.
John Geddes (Dean of Niagara)
John Gamble Geddes, D.C.L. (March 29, 1811; November 16, 1891) was a Canadian Anglican priest in the 19th century.

Geddes was educated at King's College, Toronto. Ordained in 1835,  his first post was at St George, Kingston, ON. After a spell at Three Rivers he held incumbencies in Hamilton, Ontario and Tatsfield, Kent, England. He was Dean of Niagara from 1875 until his death in 1891.

Dean of Niagara
Christianity portal

The Dean of Niagara is an Anglican dean in the Anglican Diocese of Niagara of the Ecclesiastical Province of Ontario, based at Christ's Church Cathedral in Hamilton, Ontario. The incumbent is also Rector of Christ Church.

The incumbents have been:

Source:
Shadia Drury
Shadia B. Drury FRSC (born 1950) is a Canadian academic and political commentator. She is a professor emerita at the University of Regina. In 2005, she was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Tajne Wojskowe Zakłady Wydawnicze
Tajne Wojskowe Zakłady Wydawnicze (translated as the Secret Military Printing Works or the Secret Military Publishing House) was the secret printing and publishing house of the Polish Underground State in Warsaw, Nazi-occupied Poland. It was run, from its creation in late 1940 to disbandment in early 1945, by Jerzy Rutkowski of Bureau of Information and Propaganda of the Polish resistance (Armia Krajowa).

TWZW was likely the largest underground publisher in the world.

Biuletyn Informacyjny
Biuletyn Informacyjny ("Information Bulletin") was a Polish underground weekly published covertly in General Government territory of occupied Poland during World War II. The magazine was edited by Aleksander Kamiński and distributed as the main organ of ZWZ-AK headquarters in Warsaw, initially in order to inform the AK soldier about ongoing resistance activities. By 1944 Biuletyn Informacyjny had a circulation of 42,000-43,000 copies. The publishers recommended readers to have the articles reprinted in provincial underground publications throughout Poland.