hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Doukas (sebastokrator)
John Doukas, Latinized as Ducas (Greek: Ἰωάννης Δούκας, romanized: Iōannēs Doukas; c. 1125/27 – c. 1200), was the eldest son of Constantine Angelos by Theodora Komnene, the seventh child of the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos and Irene Doukaina. John Doukas took the family name of his grandmother Irene. He served as a military commander under Manuel I Komnenos and Isaac II Angelos. Isaac II, who was Doukas's nephew, raised him to the high rank of sebastokrator. Despite his advanced age, he continued to be an active general in the 1180s and 1190s, and until shortly before his death aspired to the imperial throne. He was the progenitor of the Komnenos Doukas line, which founded the Despotate of Epirus after the Fourth Crusade.

Niketas Choniates
Niketas or Nicetas Choniates (Medieval Greek: Νικήτας Χωνιάτης; c. 1155 – 1217), whose actual surname was Akominatos (Ἀκομινάτος), was a Byzantine Greek historian and politician. He accompanied his brother Michael Akominatos to Constantinople from their birthplace Chonae (from which came his nickname, "Choniates" meaning "person from Chonae"). Nicetas wrote a history of the Eastern Roman Empire from 1118 to 1207.
Hussein Salem
Hussein Salem (11 November 1933 – 12 August 2019) (Arabic: حسين سالم) was an Egyptian businessman, co-owner of the East Mediterranean Gas Company (EMG), and ally and advisor to former president Hosni Mubarak. He was also the chairman and CEO of HKS Group, a hospitality company that operates Maritim Jolie Ville Resort in Sharm El Sheikh. He was described as "one of the most secretive businessmen in Egypt", a mogul, and Mubarak's close confidant.

He was known as the "Father of Sharm El Sheikh" due to his resort development activities. Per Suisse secrets held accounts at Credit Suisse for years, even after he had been publicly accused of bribery.

Arab states of the Persian Gulf
The Arab states of the Persian Gulf (Arabic: دول الخليج الفارسي, romanized: duwal al-Khalīj al-ʿfarsi), are a group of Arab states bordering the Persian Gulf, including Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

The term has been used in different contexts to refer to a number of Arab states in the Persian Gulf region. The prominent political union of the region is the Gulf Cooperation Council, which includes all Persian Gulf states except Iraq. Most Persian Gulf states are former protectorates of the British Empire.
Carlebach
Carlebach is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elisheva Carlebach Jofen, American scholar of early modern Jewish history

Emil Carlebach (1914–2001), German writer and journalist

Ephraim Carlebach (1879–1936), German-born rabbi

Ezriel Carlebach (1909–1956), Israeli journalist and editorial writer

Felix Carlebach (1911–2008), Rabbi in Manchester, England

Hartwig Naftali Carlebach (1889–1967), founder of the Carlebach Shul

Joseph Carlebach (1883–1942), German rabbi, scholar and scientist

Julius Carlebach, (1922–2001), German-British rabbi and scholar

Michael L. Carlebach, American photographer and historian of photojournalism

Naftoli Carlebach (1916–2005), rabbi and accountant

Neshama Carlebach, singer

Shlomo Carlebach (1925–1994), rabbi, religious teacher, composer, and singer

Shlomo Carlebach (1925–2022), German-born American Haredi rabbi and scholar

Ezriel Carlebach
Ezriel Carlebach (also Azriel; born Esriel Gotthelf Carlebach, Hebrew: עזריאל קרליבך, Yiddish: עזריאל קארלעבאך; November 7, 1908 – February 12, 1956) was a leading journalist and editorial writer during the period of Jewish settlement in Palestine and during the early days of the state of Israel. He was the first editor-in-chief of Israel's two largest newspapers, Yediot Ahronot, and then Ma'ariv.
Mark Murphy's Hip Parade
Mark Murphy's Hip Parade is a studio album by Mark Murphy.

Mark Murphy's Hip Parade is the 4th album by American jazz vocalist Mark Murphy and his second for Capitol Records. It was recorded in 1959 when Murphy was 27 years old and released by the Capitol Records label in the United States in 1960. The album is a collection of pop tunes and standards performed with a jazz band.

Stan Levey
Adolph Stanley Levey known professionally as Stan Levey (April 5, 1926 – April 19, 2005) was an American jazz drummer. He was known for working with Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie in the early development of bebop during the 1940s, and in the next decade had a stint with bandleader Stan Kenton. Levey retired from music in the 1970s to work as a photographer.
2016 SheBelieves Cup
The 2016 SheBelieves Cup was the inaugural edition of the SheBelieves Cup, an invitational women's soccer tournament held in the United States. It took  place between March 3 and 9, 2016, before the 2016 Summer Olympics.

SheBelieves Cup
The SheBelieves Cup is an invitational women's soccer tournament held in different cities in the United States in late February or early March. In its first three years (2016, 2017, and 2018), it was contested by the same four teams: the United States, England, France, and Germany. Since 2019, the tournament lineup has featured different teams each year.

The SheBelieves Cup is played at the same time of year as other invitational tournaments such as the Algarve Cup, the Arnold Clark Cup, the 
Cup of Nations, the Cyprus Women's Cup, the Istria Cup, the Pinatar Cup, the Tournoi de France, the Turkish Women's Cup and the Women's Revelations Cup.
Longmont High School
Longmont High School is the original high school of the city of Longmont, Colorado, United States, and opened its doors to students in 1901. The school is located in central Longmont and serves as a high school for the St. Vrain Valley School District.

Longmont, Colorado
Longmont is a home rule city located in Boulder and Weld counties, Colorado, United States. Its population was 98,885 as of the 2020 U.S. census.  Longmont is located northeast of the county seat of Boulder. It is named after Longs Peak, a prominent mountain that is clearly visible from the city (mont means "mountain" in French).
Biblical terminology for race
Since early modern times, a number of biblical ethnonyms from the Table of Nations in Genesis 10 have been used as a basis for classifying human "racial" (cosmetic phenotypical) categories and "national" (ethnolinguistic cultural) identities. The connection between Genesis 10 and contemporary ethnic groups began during classical antiquity, when authors such as Josephus, Hippolytus and Jerome analyzed the biblical list.

The early modern equation of the biblical Semites, Hamites and Japhetites with "racial" categories was coined at the Göttingen school of history in the late 18th century – in parallel with other, more secular terminologies for race, such as Blumenbach's fivefold color scheme.

Ethnonym
An ethnonym (from Ancient Greek  ἔθνος (éthnos) 'nation' and  ὄνομα (ónoma) 'name') is a name applied to a given ethnic group. Ethnonyms can be divided into two categories: exonyms (whose name of the ethnic group has been created by another group of people) and autonyms, or endonyms (whose name is created and used by the ethnic group itself).

For example, the dominant ethnic group of Germany is the Germans. The ethnonym Germans is a Latin-derived exonym used in the English language, but the Germans call themselves Deutsche, an endonym. The German people are identified by a variety of exonyms across Europe, such as Allemands (French), tedeschi (Italian), tyskar (Swedish), and Niemcy (Polish).

As a sub-field of anthroponymy, the study of ethnonyms is called ethnonymy or ethnonymics.

Ethnonyms should not be confused with demonyms, which designate all the people of a geographic territory, regardless of ethnic or linguistic divisions within its population.
Mitch McCarron
Mitchell James Robert McCarron (born 30 June 1992) is an Australian professional basketball player for the Eltham Wildcats of the NBL1 South. He played college basketball in the United States for Metropolitan State University of Denver (Metro State) between 2012 and 2015. He played in the National Basketball League (NBL) between 2016 and 2025.

NBL1 North
NBL1 North, formerly the Queensland Basketball League (QBL), is a semi-professional basketball league in Queensland, Australia, comprising both a men's and women's competition. In 2020, Basketball Queensland partnered with the National Basketball League (NBL) to bring NBL1 to Queensland. NBL1 replaced the former QBL to create more professional pathways and opportunities for males and females playing basketball in Queensland. As a result, the QBL became the north conference of NBL1.

In 2022, the league expanded into the Northern Territory with the addition of a club from Darwin.
Perth International Track Cycling Grand Prix
The Perth International Track Cycling Grand Prix is an Australia track cycling competition, held at the Perth SpeedDome in Perth, Western Australia. First held in 2000, the event has received UCI category 3 status, allowing UCI points to be allocated to countries endeavouring to gain sufficient points to qualify for the UCI Track Cycling World Championships since 2009. The events registered with the UCI are: Sprint, Keirin, Points Race and Scratch Race (both men's and women's).

UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The UCI Track Cycling World Championships are the set of world championship events for the various disciplines and distances in track cycling. They are regulated by the Union Cycliste Internationale. Before 1900, they were administered by the UCI's predecessor, the International Cycling Association (ICA).

Current events include: time trial, keirin, individual pursuit, team pursuit, points race, scratch race, sprint, team sprint, omnium, madison and elimination race. Until 2024, women's events were generally shorter than men's. Since 2025, all events have the same length. Events which are no longer held include the motor paced events and tandem events.
Kingstown lifeboat disaster
The Kingstown lifeboat disaster occurred on Christmas Eve 1895 off Kingstown (now Dún Laoghaire), Ireland, when the Kingstown lifeboat was capsized while attempting to rescue the crew of the stricken SS Palme. The crew of fifteen were lost. The event is commemorated annually at Dún Laoghaire Harbour.

Dún Laoghaire Harbour
Dún Laoghaire Harbour and Carlisle Pier were constructed in the nineteenth century for the purposes of sheltering ships and accommodating the mailboat which sailed between Dún Laoghaire and Holyhead.  The nearby settlement of Dún Laoghaire has also previously been known as Kingstown and also as Dun Leary.   Carlisle Pier has been known previously as Kingston Pier and the Mailboat Pier.
Valery Bevz
Valery Ananyevych Bevz is a People's Deputy of Ukraine, was a member of the Communist Party fraction in Verkhovna Rada from November 2007 to December 2012,), a militia general-lieutenant and Secretary of the Committee on Legislative Support of Law Enforcement from December 2007.

Vinnytsia Oblast
Vinnytsia Oblast (Ukrainian: Вінницька область, romanized: Vinnytska oblast, IPA: [ˈwinːɪtsʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Vinnychchyna (Ukrainian: Вінниччина), is an oblast in central Ukraine. Its administrative center is Vinnytsia. The oblast has a population of 1,509,515 (2022 estimate).
Giovanni Lista
Giovanni Lista (born February 13, 1943, Castiglione del Lago, Italy) is an Italian art historian and art critic, resides in Paris. He is a specialist in the artistic cultural scene of the 1920s, particularly in Futurism.

Stella d'Italia
The Stella d'Italia ("Star of Italy"), popularly known as Stellone d'Italia ("Great Star of Italy"), is a five-pointed white star, which has symbolized Italy for many centuries. It is the oldest national symbol of Italy, since it dates back to Graeco-Roman mythology when Venus, associated with the West as an evening star, was adopted to identify the Italian peninsula. From an allegorical point of view, the Stella d'Italia metaphorically represents the shining destiny of Italy.

In the early 16th century it began to be frequently associated with Italia turrita, the national personification of the Italian peninsula. The Stella d'Italia was adopted as part of the emblem of Italy in 1947, where it is superimposed on a steel cogwheel, all surrounded by an oak branch and an olive branch.
Hostis humani generis
Hostis humani generis (Latin for 'an enemy of mankind') is a legal term of art that originates in admiralty law. Before the adoption of public international law, pirates and slavers were generally held to be beyond legal protection and so could be dealt with by any nation, even one that had not been directly attacked.

A comparison can be made between this concept and the common law "writ of outlawry", which declared a person outside the king's law, a literal out-law, subject to violence and execution by anyone. The ancient Roman civil law concept of proscription, and the status of homo sacer conveyed by proscription may also be similar.

Aut dedere aut judicare
In law, the principle of aut dedere aut judicare (Latin for "either extradite or prosecute") refers to the legal obligation of states under public international law to prosecute persons who commit serious international crimes where no other state has requested extradition. However, the Lockerbie case demonstrated that the requirement to extradite or prosecute is not a rule of customary international law. The obligation arises regardless of the extraterritorial nature of the crime and regardless of the fact that the perpetrator and victim may be of alien nationality. It is generally included as part of international treaties dealing with an array of transnational crimes to facilitate bringing perpetrators to justice.
AB5 toxin
The AB5 toxins are six-component protein complexes secreted by certain pathogenic bacteria known to cause human diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and hemolytic–uremic syndrome. One component is known as the A subunit, and the remaining five components are B subunits.  All of these toxins share a similar structure and mechanism for entering targeted host cells. The B subunit is responsible for binding to receptors to open up a pathway for the A subunit to enter the cell. The A subunit is then able to use its catalytic machinery to take over the host cell's regular functions.

Receptor-mediated endocytosis
Receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME), also called clathrin-mediated endocytosis, is a process by which cells absorb metabolites, hormones, proteins – and in some cases viruses – by the inward budding of the plasma membrane (invagination). This process forms vesicles containing the absorbed substances and is strictly mediated by receptors on the surface of the cell. Only the receptor-specific substances can enter the cell through this process.
Daughters of the Cincinnati
The Daughters of the Cincinnati is a historical, hereditary lineage organization founded in 1894 by women whose ancestors were officers in George Washington’s army and navy during the American Revolutionary War. Headquartered in New York City, the organization's activities are designed to expand and perpetuate the knowledge of the founding of the nation. In addition, the Daughters of the Cincinnati honor the contributions of their officer ancestors by giving college scholarships to the daughters of today's career military officers. Daughters of the Cincinnati is an approved lineage society, listed within the Hereditary Society Community of the United States of America.

Hereditary Society Community of the United States of America
The Hereditary Society Community of the United States of America ("HSC") is a non-profit organization, founded in 2002, which conveys the public interface for over 300 lineage societies. HSC's primary mission is to facilitate and increase the community's aggregate focus on genealogical accuracy; access to information and research tools; accurate public listing of contact data; non-partisan civic outreach; historical education; scholarship; and fraternity and collegiality between organizations. The organization meets every April, in Washington, D.C., for an annual meeting and gala event.
Terenzo
Terenzo (Parmigiano: Tréns) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Parma in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of Bologna and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Parma. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,250 and an area of 72.4 square kilometres (28.0 sq mi).

The municipality of Terenzo contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Bardone, Boschi di Bardone, Case Castellani, Cassio, Castello, Castello di Casola, Cazzola, Corniana, Goiano, Lesignano Palmia, Lughero, Palmia, Puilio, Selva Grossa, Stazione Bocchetto, Villa, Casola, and Viola.

At the foot of Monte Zirone, is the slender former church or Pieve di San Michele di Corniana, dedicate to St Michael Archangel. Also nearby is the Pieve di Bardone, completed prior to 13th-century.

Terenzo borders the following municipalities: Berceto, Calestano, Fornovo di Taro, Sala Baganza, Solignano.

Berceto
Berceto (Parmigiano: Bersèjj, Barsäi or Bersè; Ligurian: Bercèi) is a village and comune in Italy, located in the Apennine Mountains on the main road between La Spezia and Parma, in the Taro River valley, in the region of Emilia-Romagna.

The main church in the comune is the Duomo of San Moderanno founded in the 9th century and with Lombard era sculptures. Other sights include the remains of the Castle of Berceto as well as those of Pietramogolana and Roccaprebalza. Berceto was the birthplace of condottiero Pier Maria II de' Rossi.
Okakarara Constituency
Okakarara Constituency is an electoral constituency in the Otjozondjupa Region of Namibia. It had 21,336 inhabitants in 2004 and 16,221 registered voters in 2020. The constituency consists of the town of Okakarara and the surrounding rural area, including the settlements of Coblenz, Okondjatu and Okatjoruu.

Popular Democratic Movement
The Popular Democratic Movement (PDM), formerly Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA), is an amalgamation of political parties in Namibia, registered as one singular party for representation purposes. In coalition with the United Democratic Front, it formed the official opposition in Parliament until the parliamentary elections in 2009. The party currently holds five seats in the Namibian National Assembly and one seat in the Namibian National Council. Further, the PDM has lost its status as the official opposition party, taking the fourth place. McHenry Venaani is the President of the PDM.

The PDM is an associate member of the International Democracy Union, a transnational grouping of national political parties generally identified with political conservatism, and a member of the Democracy Union of Africa, which was re-launched in Accra, Ghana in February 2019. The President of the party, McHenry Venaani, is the current chairperson of the Democrat Union of Africa.
Koybagar
Koybagar (Kazakh: Қойбағар; Russian: Койбагар) is a lake in the Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan.

Koybagar is a steppe lake of the central sector of the Turgay Basin in Karasu District, Kostanay Region. Karasu village is located 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) west of the lake. The lake is part of the Koibagar-Tyuntyugur Lake System, a Ramsar site, since 2009.

Karasu District
Karasu (Kazakh: Қарасу ауданы, Qarasu audany) is a district of Kostanay Region in northern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the selo of Karasu. Population: 27,879 (2013 estimate); 29,238 (2009 census results); 37,360 (1999 census results).
Ungava (electoral district)
Ungava (French pronunciation: [uŋɡava]) is a provincial electoral district in the Nord-du-Québec region of Quebec, Canada that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.  It includes all of the Nord-du-Québec region (which is also a single census division) except for the Naskapi village municipality of Kawawachikamach.

It covers the Ungava Peninsula of northern Quebec and notably includes the municipalities and communities of Chibougamau, Chisasibi, Mistissini, Kuujjuaq, Eeyou Istchee Baie James, Waskaganish, Puvirnituq, Lebel-sur-Quévillon, Inukjuak and Wemindji.

It was created for the 1981 election from Abitibi-Est and Abitibi-Ouest electoral districts.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it lost the unorganized territories of Caniapiscau and Lac-Juillet (in Côte-Nord region) to Duplessis electoral district.

Abitibi-Est
Abitibi-Est is a provincial electoral district in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region of Quebec, Canada, that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.  The district notably includes eastern portions of the city of Rouyn-Noranda as well as Val-d'Or, Malartic and Senneterre.

The riding was created for the 1944 election from a part of Abitibi.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, Abitibi-Est lost the municipality of Barraute and its share of the unorganized territory of Lac-Despinassy to Abitibi-Ouest.
Barambah Homestead
Barambah Homestead is a heritage-listed homestead at Goomeri Road, Barambah, Gympie Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Frederic Herbert Faircloth and completed in 1906 by William (Bill) Clarry formerly of Bundaberg. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 August 1992.

Gympie Region
The Gympie Region is a local government area in the Wide Bay–Burnett region of Queensland, Australia, about 170 kilometres (110 mi) north of Brisbane, the state capital. It is between the Sunshine Coast and Hervey Bay and centred on the town of Gympie. It was created in 2008 from a merger of the Shires of Cooloola and Kilkivan and part of the Shire of Tiaro.

The Regional Council, which governs the Region, has an estimated operating budget of A$50 million.

In the 2021 census, the Gympie Region had a population of 53,242 people.
Mark Way
Wilfrid Lewis Mark Way (called Mark; 12 May 1905 – 30 July 1982) was a British Anglican bishop. He was the third Bishop of Masasi, serving during the third quarter of the 20th century.

Born on 12 May 1905 and educated at Rossall School and Trinity College, Cambridge, he was ordained in 1929.

He was made a deacon in Advent 1928 (on 23 December) and ordained a priest the next Advent (22 December 1929) — both times by Albert David, Bishop of Liverpool, at Liverpool Cathedral. After curacies at St Faith, Great Crosby and St Bartholomew, Brighton he became an UMCA Missionary in Tanzania. He was Curate of Korogwe then Priest in charge of several Zanzibar Missions and finally (before his elevation to the episcopate) Warden of Kalole Theological College. He was consecrated a bishop on St Luke's Day 1952 (18 October) at Westminster Abbey. On his return to England he was Rector of Averham (1960–1971), and during that time also an Assistant Bishop of Southwell. He died on 30 July 1982.

Anglican Diocese of Masasi
The Anglican Diocese of Masasi is one of 28 dioceses within the Anglican Church of Tanzania. The diocese was created in 1926 and its first bishop was William Lucas. Another, in 1960–1968, was Trevor Huddleston. The previous bishop was Patrick Mwachiko and the current bishop, James Almasi, was consecrated on 29 September 2014.

After some years of preparation, the diocese was erected by dividing the area of the Diocese of Zanzibar south of the Rufiji; the division was affected by the Universities' Mission to Central Africa at their Annual General Meeting in May 1926. The Diocese of Newala was founded by dividing Masasi diocese in September 2009.