hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2007 Munich speech of Vladimir Putin
Putin's speech at the 43rd Munich Security Conference in 2007 was delivered on 10 February 2007, at the invitation of the Munich Conference's Chairman Horst Teltschik. It was the first speech by a Russian head of state at the Munich Conference. The main topics of his speech were criticism of the unipolar world order and of the role of the OSCE, NATO's eastward expansion, disarmament and the Iranian nuclear program. President Vladimir Putin's speech was seen as Russia's message to the West that it would not accept a subordinate role in international affairs. The speech heralded a significant change in Russian foreign policy and signaled a more assertive and independent stance on the international stage. Putin made it clear that Russia was ready to take a more active role in shaping the global order.

The speech came to be known in Russian as the Munich speech (Russian: Мюнхенская речь).

2008 Bucharest NATO summit
The 2008 Bucharest Summit was a NATO summit organized in the Palace of the Parliament, Bucharest, Romania on 2 – 4 April 2008.

Among other business, Croatia and Albania were invited to join the Alliance. The Republic of Macedonia (now North Macedonia) was not invited to join NATO due to its ongoing naming dispute with Greece. Georgia and Ukraine had hoped to join the NATO Membership Action Plan, but, while welcoming the two countries’ aspirations for membership and agreeing that "these countries will become members of NATO", the NATO members decided to review their request in December 2008.
Section 10 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 10 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms specifies rights upon arrest or detention, including the rights to consult a lawyer and the right to habeas corpus.  As a part of a broader range of legal rights guaranteed by the Charter, section 10 rights may be limited by the Oakes test and/or the notwithstanding clause.  However, section 10 has also spawned considerable litigation, and has made an impact in numerous cases.

Section 33 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 33 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, commonly known as the notwithstanding clause (French: clause dérogatoire or French: clause nonobstant), allows the Parliament of Canada or provincial and territorial legislatures to temporarily override sections 2 and 7 through 15 of the Charter.
Ali Kaes
Ali Kaes (born 4 April 1955, in Diekirch) is a Luxembourgish politician for the Christian Social People's Party.  He was a member of the national legislature, the Chamber of Deputies, representing the Nord constituency from 2004  to 2023.

He was also mayor of Tandel, being the commune's first mayor at its creation on 1 January 2006 and serving until 2023.  Kaes was previously the mayor of Bastendorf, one of the two communes that merged to form Tandel, having held that position since 1 January 1994.  Prior to that, he had been a councillor in Bastendorf (1989–1993).

Tandel
Tandel (German pronunciation: [ˈtandl̩]) is a commune and village in eastern Luxembourg, in the canton of Vianden. It lies close to the border with Germany. As of 2025, the village of Tandel, which lies in the centre of the commune, has a population of 114.
Wildhorse Creek (Oklahoma)
34°32′29″N 97°14′49″W﻿ / ﻿34.54139°N 97.24694°W﻿ / 34.54139; -97.24694
Wildhorse Creek is in Stephens County, Oklahoma. It drains an area of approximately 600 square miles, and flows into the Washita River.

The Wildhorse Creek Watershed Dam No. 22, also known as Lake Humphreys, was the first multi-purpose dam built under the NRCS Watershed Program.

Washita River
The Washita River (/ˈwɑːʃɪtɑː/) is a river in the U.S. states of Texas and Oklahoma. The river is 295 miles (475 km) long and terminates at its confluence with the Red River, which is now part of Lake Texoma (33°55′N 96°35′W﻿ / ﻿33.917°N 96.583°W﻿ / 33.917; -96.583) on the Texas–Oklahoma border.
Zeita Jamma'in
Zeita Jamma'in (Arabic: جمّاعين) is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate in northern West Bank, located 16 kilometers southwest of Nablus. The village is located just north of Jamma'in, from which the village receives its name. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), Zeita Jamma'in had a population of 2,740 inhabitants in 2017.

Nablus Governorate
The Nablus Governorate (Arabic: محافظة نابلس, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Nāblus) is an administrative district of Palestine located in the Central Highlands of the West Bank, 53 km north of Jerusalem. It covers the area around the city of Nablus which serves as the muhfaza (seat) of the governorate. The governor of the district is Mahmoud Aloul.
Adam Olearius
Adam Olearius  (born Adam Ölschläger or Oehlschlaeger;  24 September 1599 or August 16, 1603 – 22 February 1671) was a German scholar, mathematician, geographer and librarian. He became secretary to the ambassador sent by Frederick III, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, to the Shah of Safavid (Iran), and published two books about the events and observations during his travels.

Gottorf Castle
Gottorf Castle (German: Schloss Gottorf, Danish: Gottorp Slot, Low German: Slott Gottorp) is a castle and estate in the  city of Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.  It is one of the most important secular buildings in Schleswig-Holstein, and has been rebuilt and expanded several times in its over eight hundred years of history, changing from a medieval castle to a Renaissance fortress to a Baroque palace.

It is the ancestral home of the Holstein-Gottorp branch of the House of Oldenburg, from which emerged in the 18th century, among other things, four Swedish kings and several Russian Emperors. It is situated on an island in the Schlei, about 40 km from the Baltic Sea.
Cathrine Countiss
Birdie Sherman Crooks (16 July 1873 – 27 October 1955), known professionally as Cathrine Countiss — often misspelled in media as Catherine Countiss — was an American actress at the beginning of the 20th century. She appeared in multiple Broadway productions, traveling stock companies, vaudeville tours, and silent films, traveling across the United States and portions of Canada during her career that spanned the years 1901 through 1915. She was married three times including to Edward D. (E. D.) Price, who was also her theatrical agent during their time of marriage.

Fox Film
The Fox Film Corporation (also known as Fox Studios) was an American independent company that produced motion pictures and was formed in 1915 by the theater "chain" pioneer William Fox. It was the corporate successor to his earlier Greater New York Film Rental Company and Box Office Attraction Company (founded 1913).

The company's first film studios were set up in Fort Lee, New Jersey, but in 1917, William Fox sent Sol M. Wurtzel to Hollywood, California, to oversee the studio's new West Coast production facilities, where the climate was more hospitable for filmmaking. On July 23, 1926, Fox Studios bought the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.

After the Wall Street crash of 1929, William Fox lost control of the company in 1930, during a hostile takeover. Under new president Sidney R. Kent, the new owners merged the company with Twentieth Century Pictures to form Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation (later 20th Century Studios) in 1935.
Washim railway station
Washim railway station is a midd size railway station in Washim district, in Vidharbha region of the Maharashtra. Its code is WHM. It serves Washim city. The station consists of three platforms. The platforms are well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation.

The station lies on Purna-Akola line of South Central Railway. It was in Hyderabad railway division of SCR and now is in Nanded railway division after bifurcation of Hyderabad railway division. Washim was connected to the broad-gauge railway network in 2008 when tracks were extended from Purna to Akola.

Nanded railway division
Nanded railway division is one of the three railway divisions the jurisdiction of South Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 1 April 2003 and its headquarter is located at Nanded in the state of Maharashtra in India. Secunderabad railway division and Hyderabad railway division are the other railway divisions under SCR Zone headquartered at Secunderabad.
HD 83443
HD 83443 is an orange dwarf star approximately 133 light-years away in the constellation of Vela. As of 2000, at least one extrasolar planet has been confirmed to be orbiting the star. The star HD 83443 is named Kalausi. The name was selected in the NameExoWorlds campaign by Kenya, during the 100th anniversary of the IAU. The word Kalausi means a very strong whirling column of wind in the Dholuo language.

K-type main-sequence star
A K-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen-burning) star of spectral type K. The spectral luminosity class is V. These stars are intermediate in size between red dwarfs and yellow dwarfs, hence the term orange dwarfs often applied to this type.
2008 Illinois Republican presidential primary
The 2008 Illinois Republican presidential primary was held on February 5, 2008. Illinois was one of 24 States holding a primary or caucus on Super Tuesday, 2008. Delegates from each of Illinois' 19 congressional districts are selected by direct election. In addition, the primary ballot also contains a preference poll that lists the presidential candidates. 10 at-large delegates and 3 party leader delegates were elected at the State Convention and officially went to the Republican Convention unpledged.

Super Tuesday, 2008
Super Tuesday 2008, Super Duper Tuesday, Mega Tuesday, Giga Tuesday, Tsunami Tuesday, and The Tuesday of Destiny are names for February 5, 2008, the day on which the largest simultaneous number of state U.S. presidential primary elections in the history of U.S. primaries were held. Twenty-four states and American Samoa held either caucuses or primary elections for one or both parties on this date. Furthermore, the week-long Democrats Abroad Global Primary began on this day.

The large number of states that held elections on February 5 could have shortened the period between the first caucus in Iowa, on January 3, 2008, and the de facto selection of a party's nominee to just a few weeks. Super Tuesday 2008 saw 52% of the Democratic and 41% of the Republican delegates awarded by early February 2008. By comparison, only about 1% of nominating convention delegates had been selected by that point in the 2000 election cycle.  It was held approximately one month before Super Tuesday II.
Patriotic Union (Colombia)
The Patriotic Union (Spanish: Unión Patriótica, UP) was a leftist, Colombian political party, founded by the FARC and the Colombian Communist Party in 1985, as part of the peace negotiations that the guerrillas held with the Conservative Belisario Betancur administration.

The party was subject to political violence from drug lords, paramilitaries and security forces agents during the mid-1980s, leading to its eventual decline, virtual disappearance, and extermination. The Colombian justice system counts 5,733 murdered militants of the Patriotic Union. The Inter-American Court of Human Rights counts more than 8,000 activists murdered and many more disappeared, tortured or displaced.

In September 2002, new electoral laws stripped the UP of formal and legal representative status as a political party, but the Council of State of Colombia gave this status back in July 2013, facilitating its members to again run for office.

Colombian Liberal Party
The Colombian Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal Colombiano; PLC) is a  centre-left political party in Colombia. It was founded as a classical liberal party but later developed a more social-democratic tradition, joining the Socialist International in 1999.

The Liberal Party along with the Colombian Conservative Party dominated the Colombian political scene from the end of the 19th century until 2002, in bipartisan political hegemony. The two parties were in direct military conflict between 1948 and 1958, during the civil war period known as La Violencia, after which they established the "National Front", agreeing to rotate power, intercalating for a period of four presidential terms. The election victory of independent candidate Álvaro Uribe in 2002 put an end to dominance of two party politics in Colombia.

Currently, the Liberal Party is the largest party in Congress and supported the left-wing presidency of Gustavo Petro until leaving Petro's coalition on 28 November 2023.
Chatham Road
Chatham Road South (Chinese: 漆咸道南) and Chatham Road North (Chinese: 漆咸道北) are two continuous roads extending from Tsim Sha Tsui to Hung Hom in Kowloon, Hong Kong. The road originally ran from Signal Hill to Hung Hom, under No. 12 Hill by the side of Hung Hom Bay. It was later extended through Lo Lung Hang to the southern end of To Kwa Wan, which makes up Chatham Road North.

To Kwa Wan
To Kwa Wan (Chinese: 土瓜灣; Cantonese Yale: Tóugwāwàahn) is a bay and an area of the eastern shore of Kowloon peninsula. The area is part of urban Hong Kong, and is situated between Hok Yuen, Hung Hom, Ma Tau Chung and Ma Tau Kok. Administratively, the area belongs to the Kowloon City District of Kowloon.

To Kwa Wan is a mixed residential and commercial area, located to the west of the old Kai Tak Airport.

It comprises mostly mid-20th century residential and light industrial architecture of 10 or fewer floors, built to comply with height restrictions for the former Kai Tak Airport. Since the airport closed in 1998, new buildings are taller, often with commercial space on the ground floor, especially along major roads such a Ma Tau Wai Road. Consequently, the area has a much-valued cohesive community spirit.

To Kwa Wan station services this area.
Palace of Peter the Cruel, Cuéllar
The Palace of Peter the Cruel, Palace of the Velázquez or Casa de la Torre is a building of Romanesque origin from the 13th century which is located in the town of Cuéllar, a municipality in the province of Segovia, in the autonomous community of Castilla and Leon (Spain).

It was the Casa Solariega of the Velázquez de Cuéllar family, who from the 17th century called it Casa de la Torre. It is currently known by the name of "Peter I" for having this Castilian monarch celebrated his wedding banquet with Juana de Castro in the building in 1354.

It was declared a Bien de Interés Cultural on 20 July 1974.

Bien de Interés Cultural
Bien de Interés Cultural (Basque: Kultura Intereseko Ondasun, Catalan: Bé d'Interès Cultural, Valencian: Bé d'Interés Cultural, Galician: Ben de Interese Cultural) is a category of the heritage register in Spain. The term is also used in Colombia and other Spanish-speaking countries.

The term literally means a "good of cultural interest" ("goods" in the economic sense). It includes not only material heritage (cultural property), like monuments or movable works of art, but also intangible cultural heritage, such as the Silbo Gomero language.

Some bienes enjoy international protection as World Heritage Sites or Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
Rebaelliun
Rebaelliun is a Brazilian death metal band formed in 1998. Their musical style is comparable to that of their compatriots Krisiun. Following the release of their promotional tape, the band signed with the Dutch label Hammerheart Records, which released their debut album, Burn the Promised Land, in 1999. The album's release was followed by a European tour.

Mental Horror
Mental Horror is a Brazilian brutal death metal band, formed in Porto Alegre, in 1993. In 1998, the band recorded a demo, titled Extreme Evolution Trauma. In 2000, the band signed with Necropolis Records. In 2001, they released their debut studio album Proclaiming Vengeance on Necropolis. The albums Abyss of Hypocrisy and Blemished Redemption followed in 2004 and 2006 respectively.
Jeanne-Mance Street
Jeanne Mance Street (French: rue Jeanne-Mance) is a north–south street in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, located east of Park Avenue. It was named in 1914 in honour of Jeanne Mance, the founder of the Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, which is also located along this street.

Jeanne Mance Street spans nearly the entire island of Montreal, but in several discontinuous portions. It starts in the south at Viger Avenue and continues north to Pine Avenue but does not connect to it as it is a dead end. It resumes north of Jeanne-Mance Park, from Mount Royal Avenue to Van Horne Avenue. Another section goes from Beaubien Street up to the Canadian Pacific tracks. It then continues in several discontinuous stretches along the same axis and ends slightly north of Gouin Boulevard.

Complexe Desjardins, the Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal, Montreal, arts interculturels, Place-des-Arts station and UQAM's President Kennedy building are all located along this street.

Gouin Boulevard
Gouin Boulevard (officially in French: boulevard Gouin) is the longest street on the Island of Montreal, stretching 57.6 kilometres (35.8 mi) across the north side of the island from Senneville, in the west, to Pointe-aux-Trembles, in the east, where it intersects with Sherbrooke Street (Quebec Route 138).
2011 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 2011 IAAF World Cross Country Championships took place on March 20, 2011.  The races were held at the Polideportivo Antonio Gil Hernández in Punta Umbría, Spain.  Reports of the event were given for the IAAF.

World Athletics Cross Country Championships
World Athletics Cross Country Championships is the most important competition in international cross country running. Formerly held annually and organised by World Athletics (formerly the IAAF), it was inaugurated in 1973, when it replaced the International Cross Country Championships. It was an annual competition until 2011, when World Athletics changed it to a biennial event.
Our Gang Follies of 1936
Our Gang Follies of 1936 is a 1935 Our Gang short comedy film directed by Gus Meins. Produced by Hal Roach and released to theaters by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, it was the 140th Our Gang short to be released and the first of several musical entries in the series.

Carl "Alfalfa" Switzer
Carl Dean Switzer (August 7, 1927 – January 21, 1959) was an American child actor, comic singer, dog breeder, and guide. He was best known for his role as Alfalfa in the Our Gang series of short-subject comedies.

Switzer (rhyming with "Schweitzer", as pronounced in the Our Gang shorts Framing Youth and Alfalfa's Aunt) began his career as a child actor in 1934. He appeared in the Our Gang shorts as Alfalfa, one of the series' most popular and best-remembered characters. After outgrowing the series in 1940, Switzer struggled to find substantial roles, but was typecast as a juvenile actor. As an adult, he appeared mainly in bit parts and B-movies. He later became a dog breeder and hunting guide.

Switzer married heiress Diantha Collingwood in 1954 and they had one son. He was shot and killed by Moses "Bud" Stiltz in 1959 due to a disagreement regarding a business arrangement.
Torca Island
Torca Island was an inhabited phantom island said to be located in the Indian Ocean, possibly in the East Indies. It purportedly vanished when a volcano erupted on 4 June 1693. The survivors escaped to a nearby island called Amboyna (present-day Ambon Island) on 18 July 1693. The villagers attempted to flee in canoes or by swimming, but many people died attempting to do this. Torca Island was said to be moderately sized.

Phantom island
A phantom island is a purported island which has appeared on maps but was later found not to exist. They usually originate from the reports of early sailors exploring new regions, and are commonly the result of navigational errors, mistaken observations, unverified misinformation, or deliberate fabrication. Some have remained on maps for centuries before being "un-discovered".

Unlike lost lands, which are claimed (or known) to have once existed but to have been swallowed by the sea or otherwise destroyed, a phantom island is one that is claimed to exist contemporaneously, but later found not to have existed in the first place (or found not to be an island, as with the Island of California).
2023 Central American Women's Handball Championship
The 2023 Central American Women's Handball Championship took place in Managua, Nicaragua, from 28 February to 4 March 2023. It acted as a qualifying tournament for the 2023 Central American and Caribbean Games and the 2024 South and Central American Women's Handball Championship.

Central American Handball Championship
The Central American Handball Championship is the official competition for Men's and Women's national handball teams of Central America. In addition to crowning the Central American champions, the tournament also serves as a qualifying tournament for the Pan American Handball Championship.
Oryzoideae
Oryzoideae (syn. Ehrhartoideae) is a subfamily of the true grass family Poaceae. It has around 120 species in 19 genera, notably including the major cereal crop rice. Within the grasses, this subfamily is one of three belonging to the species-rich BOP clade; it is sister to the other two lineages in the clade, Bambusoideae and Pooideae. All members of the BOP clade use C3 photosynthesis

It contains four tribes and one genus of unclear position (incertae sedis): Suddia (thought likely to be in the tribe Phyllorachideae). Phylogenetic analyses have resolved the branching order of these clades within the subfamily:

Pooideae
The Pooideae are the largest subfamily of the grass family Poaceae, with about 4,000 species in 15 tribes and roughly 200 genera. They include some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, rye and many lawn and pasture grasses. They are often referred to as cool-season grasses, because they are distributed in temperate climates. All of them use the C3 photosynthetic pathway.

The Pooideae are the sister group of the bamboos within the BOP clade, and are themselves subdivided into 15 tribes.
Natmandal
Natya Vidya Mandir, a theatre school, and its amateur theatre troupe Natmandal   from Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India had heavily influenced new Gujarati theatre. Established in 1949, it trained many theatre people and produced classic, modern and experimental plays in its twenty years of existence.

Gujarati theatre
Gujarati theatre refers to theatre performed in the Gujarati language, including its dialects. Gujarati theatre is produced mainly in Gujarat and Maharashtra, in cities like Mumbai, Ahmedabad and Baroda,  Surat and elsewhere Gujarati diaspora exists, especially North America. Rustam Sohrab, performed by Parsee Natak Mandali on 29 October 1853 in Mumbai, marked the beginning of Gujarati theatre.
District Council of Yankalilla
The District Council of Yankalilla is a local government area centred on the town of Yankalilla on the Fleurieu Peninsula in South Australia.

It was created on 23 October 1856, when the District Council of Yankalilla and Myponga was divided into two. It later absorbed two other councils: the District Council of Myponga on 5 January 1888, one of a number of amalgamations mandated under the District Councils Act 1887, and later the District Council of Rapid Bay on 12 May 1932.

The district has a rich history, as one of the earliest South Australian coastal settlements, and a wide range of agricultural activities having taken place. Today the district remains agricultural in nature, supplemented by tourism and forestry.

Kaurna
The Kaurna people (English: /ˈɡɑːrnə/, Kaurna: [ɡ̊auɳa]; also Coorna, Kaura, Gaurna and other variations) are a group of Aboriginal people whose traditional lands include the Adelaide Plains of South Australia. They were known as the Adelaide tribe by the early settlers. Kaurna culture and language were almost completely destroyed within a few decades of the British colonisation of South Australia in 1836. However, extensive documentation by early missionaries and other researchers has enabled a modern revival of both language and culture. The phrase Kaurna meyunna means "Kaurna people".