hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trash Market
Trash Market is a volume of semi-autobiographical gekiga short stories by Japanese manga artist Tadao Tsuge. The stories were serialized mainly in the Japanese alternative manga magazine Garo from 1968 to 1972. They were published by Drawn & Quarterly in English on May 12, 2015. Many of the stories are based on Tsuge's life experiences, such as his time at a blood bank, and critics have noted the realism of the stories.

Gekiga
Gekiga (劇画; pronounced [ɡekʲiɡa], lit. 'dramatic pictures') is a style of Japanese comics aimed at adult audiences and marked by a more cinematic art style and more mature themes. Gekiga was the predominant style of adult comics in Japan in the 1960s and 1970s. It is aesthetically defined by sharp angles, hatching, and gritty lines, and thematically by realism, social engagement, maturity, and masculinity.
Bis-GMA
Bis-GMA (bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate) is a resin commonly used in dental composite, dental sealants. and dental cement. It is the diester derived from methacrylic acid and the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.  Bearing two polymerizable groups, it is prone to form a crosslinked polymer that is used in dental restorations.  For dental work, highly viscous bis-GMA is mixed with aluminosilicate particles, crushed quartz and other related acrylates; changes to component ratios lead to different physical properties in the end product. Bis-GMA was incorporated into composite dental resins in 1962 by Rafael Bowen.  Until matrix development work in the early 2000s, bis-GMA and related methacrylate monomers were the only options for organic matrix composition.

Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether
Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (commonly abbreviated BADGE or DGEBA) is an organic compound and is a liquid epoxy resin.  The compound is a colorless viscous liquid (commercial samples can appear pale straw-coloured). It is a key component of many epoxy resin formulations. Addition of further Bisphenol A and a catalyst and heat can produce Bisphenol A glycidyl ether epoxy resins of higher molecular weight that are solid.
Alfred von dem Knesebeck
Alfred Cuno Paridam Freiherr von dem Knesebeck-Milendonck (29 August 1816 – 14. December 1883) was a soldier, landowner and member of the Prussian House of Representatives and the Reichstag of the North German Confederation for Free Conservative Party.

Military Merit Order (Bavaria)
The Bavarian Military Merit Order (German: Militär-Verdienstorden) was established on 19 July 1866 by King Ludwig II of Bavaria.  It was the kingdom's main decoration for bravery and military merit for officers and higher-ranking officials. Civilians acting in support of the army were also made eligible for the decoration.  The Military Merit Order ranked below the Military Order of Max Joseph (Militär-Max-Joseph-Orden), which was Bavaria's highest military honor for officers (and conferred a patent of non-hereditary nobility on officers who were not already nobles).
Classification of minerals
The classification of minerals is a process of determining to which of several groups minerals belong based on their chemical characteristics. Since the 1950s, this classification has been carried out by the International Mineralogical Association, which classifies minerals into the following broad classes:

Classification of non-silicate minerals

Classification of silicate minerals

Classification of organic minerals

Classification of silicate minerals
This list gives an overview of the classification of minerals (silicates) and includes mostly International Mineralogical Association (IMA) recognized minerals and its groupings. This list complements the List of minerals recognized by the International Mineralogical Association series of articles and List of minerals. Rocks, ores, mineral mixtures, non-IMA approved minerals and non-named minerals are mostly excluded.
Wildlife of Punjab, India
The wildlife of Punjab, India is rich, with 396 types of birds, 214 kinds of Lepidoptera, 55 varieties of fish, 20 types of reptiles, and 19 kinds of mammals. The state of Punjab has large wetland areas, bird sanctuaries that house numerous species of birds, and many zoological parks. Wetlands include the national wetland Hari-Ke-Pattan, the wetland of Kanjli, and the wetlands of Kapurthala Sutlej. Wildlife sanctuaries include the Harike in the district of Tarn Taran Sahib, the Zoological Park in Rupnagar, Chhatbir Bansar Garden in Sangrur, Aam Khas Bagh in Sirhind, Amritsar's famous Ram Bagh Palace, Shalimar Garden in Kapurthala, and the famous Baradari Garden in the city of Patiala. There are a total of 5,167 floral, fungal, and faunal species in the state of Punjab.

Parts of the districts of Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur, Pathankot, Nawanshahr, and Ropar contain sub-mountainous zones and undulating land below the Shivalik hills region.

Machhiwara forest
Machhiwara, also spelled Macchivara, was a historical jungle located in the Punjab region near the bank of the Sutlej river near the present-day Ludhiana district in Punjab, India. The Machhiwara jungle should not be confused with the Lakhi Jungle that existed near Bathinda.
1955 Labour Party leadership election
The 1955 Labour Party leadership election was held following the resignation of Clement Attlee.  Attlee was Prime Minister from 1945 to 1951 and stayed on as party leader until he lost the 1955 general election.

1955 United Kingdom general election
A general election was held in the United Kingdom on Thursday 26 May 1955. It was a snap election: Anthony Eden called the election after succeeding Churchill in April 1955 to secure a mandate. The government won a 60-seat majority, achieving the highest post-war party vote share. It was the first election under Queen Elizabeth II.
0-4-0+4
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-0+4 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles and four trailing wheels on two axles mounted in a bogie.

Whyte notation
The Whyte notation is a classification method for steam locomotives, and some internal combustion locomotives and electric locomotives, by wheel arrangement. It was devised by Frederick Methvan Whyte, and came into use in the early twentieth century following a December 1900 editorial in American Engineer and Railroad Journal.

The notation was adopted and remains in use in North America and the United Kingdom to describe the wheel arrangements of steam locomotives, but for modern locomotives, multiple units and trams it has been supplanted by the UIC system in Europe and by the AAR system (essentially a simplification of the UIC system) in North America. However, geared steam locomotives do not use the notation. They are classified by their model and their number of trucks.
Speedpass
Speedpass was a keychain radio-frequency identification (RFID) device introduced in 1997 by Mobil (which merged with Exxon to become ExxonMobil in 1999) for electronic payment. It was originally developed by Verifone. By 2004, more than seven million people possessed Speedpass tags, which could be used at approximately 10,000 Exxon, Mobil and Esso gas stations worldwide.

Speedpass was one of the first widely deployed consumer RFID payment systems of its kind, debuting nationwide in 1997 far ahead of VISA and MasterCard RFID trials.

Esso
Esso (/ˈɛsoʊ/) is a trading name for ExxonMobil. Originally, the name was primarily used by its predecessor Standard Oil of New Jersey after the breakup of the original Standard Oil company in 1911. The company adopted the name "Esso" (from the phonetic pronunciation of Standard Oil's initials and as an acronym of Eastern States Standard Oil), to which the other Standard Oil companies would later object.

Standard Oil of New Jersey started marketing its products under the Esso brand in 1926. In 1972, the name Esso was largely replaced in the U.S. by the Exxon brand after the Standard Oil of New Jersey bought Humble Oil, while the Esso name remained widely used elsewhere. In most of the world, the Esso brand and the Mobil brand are the primary brand names of ExxonMobil, while the Exxon brand is used only in the United States alongside Mobil.
VDS-001
The VDS-001 was an American closed-wheel sports prototype race car, designed, developed, and built by Racing Team VDS for the revived Can-Am series, in 1981. It is based on the Lola T530. Geoff Brabham won the 1981 Can-Am Championship with the car, despite only winning 2 of the 10 races that season. It won a further 4 races in 1982 Can-Am Championship in 1982, being driven by Al Holbert. It was later exported to England, where it competed in the British Thundersports series, and achieved great success. Its sports car racing career spanned 9 years (1981-1988), and over that period of time, it won a total of 19 races, achieved a total of 26 podium finishes, and scored 21 pole positions. As with most Can-Am cars of the time, it was powered by a 5.0 L (310 cu in) Chevrolet small-block motor.

1981 Can-Am season
The 1981 Can Am series season was the fourteenth running of the Sports Car Club of America's prototype-based series, and the fifth running of the revived series. Geoff Brabham was declared champion, despite only winning two races. Chevrolet again dominated the season. The dominant chassis manufacturers were March, Lola, Holbert, Frissbee, and VDS. IndyCar drivers Al Unser and Bobby Rahal also podiumed at Road America and Mosport, respectively.

The two liter class went to Jim Trueman in his Ralt.

The scoring system was 90-60-40-30-20-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-1 points for the first fifteen classified drivers. All results counted.
Sasan (land grant)
Sasan (Dingal for 'self-ruled'; IAST: Sāṃsaṇa) was a tax-free land grant given in the form of either partial or whole villages to the Charanas by rulers in medieval India. These grants were given in perpetuity and enjoyed superior rights compared to other land tenures.These land grants (often referred to as Sasan) were awarded for their diverse roles as poets, litterateurs, and warriors. Due to their status as landholders, Charan sirdars were formally recognized as Jagirdars and were entitled to use the title Thakur. In certain regions, such as Marwar, prominent Charan families held such significant status that they were effectively regarded as Darbars.

Dingal
Dingal (Devnagari: डिंगल; IAST: ḍiṁgala; also spelled Dimgala), also known as Old Western Rajasthani, is an ancient Indian language written in Nagri script and having literature in prose as well as poetry. It is a language of very high tone and requires a specific style of speaking. Dingal was used in Rajasthan and adjoining areas including Gujarat, Kutch, Malwa, and Sindh. Most of Dingal literature is said to be composed by Charans. It was prominently used in composition of war poetry praising the martial exploits of Rajput and Charan war heroes.

Dingal is a New Indo-Aryan (NIA) poetic language or style. It is called by various names such as Maru-Bhasha, Marwari, and Old Western Rājasthāni. Dingal is also described as one of five "pre-modern Hindi literary dialects", listed together with Braj, Avadhi, Sadhu and Maithili. Dingal has also been called as the ancestor of Marwari and Gujarati.
Landscheid
Landscheid (German pronunciation: [ˈlantˌʃaɪt]; in the Eifel dialect: Lähscheld) is an Ortsgemeinde – which is a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Wittlich
Wittlich (German pronunciation: [ˈvɪtlɪç] ⓘ; Moselle Franconian: Wittlech) is a town in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany, the seat of the Bernkastel-Wittlich district. Its historic town centre and the beauty of the surrounding countryside make the town a centre for tourism in southwest Germany.

Wittlich is the middle centre for a feeder area of 56 municipalities in the Eifel and Moselle area with a population of roughly 64,000. With some 18,000 inhabitants, Wittlich is the biggest town between Trier and Koblenz and the fourth biggest between Mainz and the Belgian border.
Australia men's national softball team
The Australian men's national softball team is the national softball team of Australia. They are nicknamed the Aussie Steelers. The team is governed by Softball Australia and takes part in international softball competitions.

Chinese Taipei men's national softball team
Chinese Taipei men's national softball team is the national team for Taiwan (Chinese Taipei).  The 1988 World Championships were held in Saskatoon, Canada.  The team played 13 games in the round robin round. Australia beat Chinese Taipei 2–0 in one game in this round. The 1992 World Championships, the eighth time the event was competed for, was held in Manila.  Australia beat Chinese Taipei 9–2 in one game in the first round robin round. They finished with 4 wins and 4 losses. The team competed at the 1996 ISF Men's World Championship in Midland, Michigan where they finished with 4 wins and 6 losses. The team competed at the 2000 ISF Men's World Championship in East London, Eastern Cape where they finished fifteenth.
Athletics at the 2003 Pan American Games – Men's 400 metres
The final of the Men's 400 metres event at the 2003 Pan American Games took place on Friday August 8, 2003, with the heats staged a day earlier in the Juan Pablo Duarte Olympic Stadium in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.

Athletics at the 2003 Pan American Games
The athletics competition at the 2003 Pan American Games was held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, from Tuesday, August 5, to Saturday, August 9, 2003. The competition comprised track and field events plus marathon races and three racewalking events, with a total of 46 contests taking place.
Western Grove High School
Ozark Mountain High School is a comprehensive public high school serving students in grades seven through twelve in the remote, rural community of Western Grove, Arkansas, United States. It is the only high school administered by the Ozark Mountain School District and the district's only high school in Newton County, Arkansas.

It replaced Western Grove High School in 2023.

Arkansas Department of Education
The Arkansas Department of Education (ADE) is a cabinet-level agency of the Arkansas state government overseeing public education for K-12, higher education institutions, and career and technical education.

The ADE also contains the Arkansas State Library, the Arkansas School for the Deaf, Arkansas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired, and the Arkansas Martin Luther King, Jr. Commission.
Concrete poetry
Concrete poetry is an arrangement of linguistic elements in which the typographical effect is more important in conveying meaning than verbal significance. It is sometimes referred to as visual poetry, a term that has now developed a distinct meaning of its own. Concrete poetry relates more to the visual than to the verbal arts although there is a considerable overlap in the kind of product to which it refers. Historically, however, concrete poetry has developed from a long tradition of shaped or patterned poems in which the words are arranged in such a way as to depict their subject.

Jeremy Adler
Jeremy Adler is a British scholar and poet, and emeritus professor and senior research fellow at King's College London. As a poet he is known especially for his concrete poetry and artist's books. As an academic he is known for his work on German literature specialising in the Age of Goethe, Romanticism, Expressionism and Modernism with contributions on figures such as Goethe, Hölderlin, and Kafka.
1935 Tschammerpokal final
The 1935 Tschammerpokal final decided the winner of the 1935 Tschammerpokal, the first season of Germany's knockout football cup competition. It was played on 8 December 1935 at the Rheinstadion in Düsseldorf. 1. FC Nürnberg won the match 2–0 against Schalke 04 to claim the first national cup title.

1935 Tschammerpokal
The 1935 Tschammerpokal was the 1st season of the annual German football cup competition. This was the first time a national cup tournament was held in Germany. Its name was chosen in honour of Reichssportführer Hans von Tschammer und Osten, then the highest ranking sports official in Nazi Germany. The tournament began on 6 January 1935 and ended on 8 December 1935. About 4,100 teams competed in the qualifying tournament which was divided into four stages. 63 teams competed in the final stage of six rounds. In the final 1. FC Nürnberg defeated Schalke 04 2–0.
Armando Aráuz Aguilar
Armando Aráuz Aguilar (26 January 1922 – 11 May 2002) was a Costa Rican lawyer and politician who served as Second Vice President of Costa Rica between 1982 and 1986, serving under president Luis Alberto Monge. He was also a Deputy in the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica between 1966 and 1970 and again between 1979 and 1982. He was a law professor at the University of Costa Rica. He died of a heart attack.

Vice President of Costa Rica
The 1949 Constitution of Costa Rica established two vice-presidencies of Costa Rica, which are directly elected through a popular vote on a ticket with the president for a period of four years, with no immediate re-election. There have been various incarnations of the office. Vice presidents replace the president in cases of temporary or permanent absence.
Ciclacillin
Ciclacillin (INN) or cyclacillin (USAN), trade names Cyclapen, Cyclapen-W, Vastcillin, and others, is an aminopenicillin antibiotic. Its spectrum of activity is similar to that of ampicillin, although it is less susceptible to beta-lactamases than ampicillin and has much higher bioavailability. A large randomized, double-blind clinical trial published in 1978 also showed that ciclacillin is associated with significantly fewer and milder adverse effects than ampicillin; later studies seemed to confirm this improved tolerability, at least in children.

Ciclacillin has been superseded by newer antibiotics and is no longer in clinical use, at least in the United States.

Aminopenicillin
The aminopenicillins are members of the penicillin family that are structural analogs of ampicillin (which is the 2-amino derivative of benzylpenicillin, hence the name). Like other penicillins and beta-lactam antibiotics, they contain a beta-lactam ring that is crucial to its antibacterial activity.

In the aminopenicillins the amino group is protonated to give the ammonium derivative, which enhances their uptake through bacterial porin channels. This does not, however, prevent resistance conferred by bacterial beta-lactamases.  Members of this family include ampicillin, amoxicillin and bacampicillin.
Recycling bin
A recycling bin (or recycle bin) is a container used to hold recyclables before they are taken to recycling centers. Recycling bins exist in various sizes for use inside and outside of homes, offices, and large public facilities. Separate containers are often provided for paper, tin or aluminum cans, and glass or plastic bottles, with some bins allowing for commingled, mixed recycling of various materials.

Bins are sometimes in different colors so that the user can differentiate between the types of materials specified for each bin. While there is no universal standard color for recycling, the color blue is commonly used to indicate recycling in public settings. Other regions also use the color green to differentiate between types of recyclable materials. Recycling bins, cans, or wheeled carts (toters) are common elements of municipal kerbside collection programs, which frequently distribute eye-catching bins to encourage participation.

Materials recovery facility
A materials recovery facility, recycling center, recycling factory, materials reclamation facility, materials recycling facility or multi re-use facility (MRF, pronounced "murf") is a specialized waste sorting and recycling system  that receives, separates and prepares recyclable materials for marketing to end-user manufacturers. Generally, the main recyclable materials include ferrous metal, non-ferrous metal, plastics, paper, glass. Organic food waste is used to assist anaerobic digestion or composting. Inorganic inert waste is used to make building materials. Non-recyclable high calorific value waste is used to making refuse-derived fuel (RDF) and solid recovered fuel (SRF).
Amir Subhani
Amir Subhani is a retired Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer of 1987 batch from Bihar Cadre. He served as Chief Secretary to Government of Bihar   from  1 January 2022 till 1 March 2024. Subhani was the 1987 batch UPSC-Civil Services Examination (CSE) topper securing rank 1.

Chief secretary (India)
The Chief Secretary is the highest-ranking executive official and civil servant of the government of an Indian state. The Chief Secretary is the ex-officio head of the state Civil Services Board, the State Secretariat, the state cadre Indian Administrative Service and all civil services under the rules of business of the state government. The Chief Secretary acts as the principal advisor to the chief minister on all matters of state administration.

The Chief Secretary is an officer of the Indian Administrative Service. The Chief Secretary is the senior-most cadre post in the state administration, ranking 23rd on the Indian order of precedence. The Chief Secretary acts as an ex-officio secretary to the state cabinet, therefore called "Secretary to the Cabinet". The status of this post is equal to that of a Secretary to the Government of India.
Pindar's Eighth Nemean Ode
Pindar's Eighth Nemean Ode is an ancient Greek epinikion celebrating a victory of Deinias of Aegina. The poem's exact occasion is uncertain, but a success in the diaulos race at the Nemean games is presumed to be the athletic contest in question. While its presumptive date of composition is 459 BC, the poem is known for its treatment of the Aeacidae and the suicide of Ajax.

Epinikion
The epinikion or epinicion (pl.: epinikia or epinicia, Greek ἐπινίκιον, from epi-, "on" and nikê, "victory") is a genre of occasional poetry also known in English as a victory ode. In ancient Greece, the epinikion most often took the form of a choral lyric, commissioned for and performed at the celebration of an athletic victory in the Panhellenic Games and sometimes in honor of a victory in war. Major poets in the genre are Simonides, Bacchylides, and Pindar.
Stokhid
The Stokhid (also written Stokhod, according to the Russian name; Ukrainian: Стохід) is a river in Volyn Oblast, Ukraine. It is a right tributary of the Pripyat River. It is 188 kilometres (117 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 3,150 km2 (1,220 sq mi).

Volhynia
Volhynia or Volynia (/voʊˈlɪniə/ voh-LIN-ee-ə; see #Names and etymology) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly equivalent to Volyn Oblast, Rivne Oblast, and the northern part of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast and Ternopil Oblast. The territory that still carries the name is Volyn Oblast.

Volhynia has changed hands numerous times throughout history and been divided among competing powers. For centuries it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Russian annexation during the Partitions of Poland, all of Volhynia was made part of the Pale of Settlement on the southwestern border of the Russian Empire. Important cities include Rivne, Lutsk, Zviahel, and Volodymyr.