hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Major Jackson
Major Jackson (born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American poet and professor at Vanderbilt University. He is the author of six collections of poetry: Razzle Dazzle: New & Selected Poems 2002-2022 (W.W. Norton, 2023), The Absurd Man (W.W. Norton, 2020), Roll Deep (W.W. Norton, 2015), Holding Company (W.W. Norton, 2010), Hoops (W.W. Norton, 2006), finalist for an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literature-Poetry, and Leaving Saturn (University of Georgia, 2002), winner of the 2000 Cave Canem Poetry Prize and finalist for a National Book Critics Award Circle. His edited volumes include: Best American Poetry 2019, Renga for Obama, and Library of America's Countee Cullen: Collected Poems. His prose is published in A Beat Beyond: Selected Prose of Major Jackson (University of Michigan, 2022). From 2023-2025, he served as host of the award-winning podcast The Slowdown.

W. W. Norton & Company
W. W. Norton & Company is an American publishing company based in New York City. Established in 1923, it has been owned wholly by its employees since the early 1960s. The company is known for its Norton Anthologies (particularly The Norton Anthology of English Literature) and its texts in the Norton Critical Editions series, both of which are frequently assigned in university literature courses.
Johann Gabriel Chasteler de Courcelles
Johann Gabriel Josef Albert, Marquess of Chasteler and Courcelles (22 January 1763 – 7 May 1825) was a Walloon, born near Mons, Austrian Netherlands. He entered the military service of Habsburg Austria at an early age and trained as an engineer at the Ingenieurakademie in Vienna. Serving as chief of staff to Spleny in the Turkish War from 1788, he won the Ritterkreuz  (Knight’s Cross) of the Order of Maria Theresa for outstanding bravery at the Battle of Focsani in action against the Ottoman Turks.

Gabriel Anton, Baron Splény de Miháldy
Gabriel Anton, Baron Splény de Miháldy (Ternye, Hungary, 2 October 1734 - Szilvás-Újfalu, Hungary, 1 April 1818) was a nobleman and general of the Austrian Empire during the War of the First Coalition, retiring in 1795, also the first District-Governor of Bukovina  (1774-1778).
NGC 1981
NGC 1981 (also known as OCL 525) is an open cluster which is located in the constellation Orion. It was discovered by John Herschel on 4 January 1827. Its apparent magnitude is 4.2 and its size is 28.00 arc minutes.  It lies to the north of the Orion Nebula, separated from it by the Sh2-279 region containing NGC 1973, 1975, and 1977.

Some say it looks like an alligator or crocodile, with its eastern star as the snout, its western star as its tail and the two groups of three stars in the middle of it as its two set of legs.

Orion (constellation)
Orion is a prominent set of stars visible during winter in the northern celestial hemisphere. It is one of the 88 modern constellations; it was among the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century AD/CE astronomer Ptolemy. It is named after a hunter in Greek mythology.

Orion is most prominent during winter evenings in the Northern Hemisphere, as are five other constellations that have stars in the Winter Hexagon asterism. Orion's two brightest stars, Rigel (β) and Betelgeuse (α), are both among the brightest stars in the night sky; both are supergiants and slightly variable. There are a further six stars brighter than magnitude 3.0, including three making the short straight line of the Orion's Belt asterism. Orion also hosts the radiant of the annual Orionids, the strongest meteor shower associated with Halley's Comet, and the Orion Nebula, one of the brightest nebulae in the sky.
1983 Davis Cup
The 1983 Davis Cup (also known as the 1983 Davis Cup by NEC for sponsorship purposes) was the 72nd edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 60 teams would enter the competition, 16 in the World Group, 25 in the Europe Zone, 10 in the Eastern Zone, and 9 in the Americas Zone.

Australia defeated Sweden in the final, held at the Kooyong Stadium in Melbourne, Australia, on 26–28 December, to win their 25th title overall.

Kooyong Stadium
Kooyong Stadium, at the Kooyong Lawn Tennis Club, is an Australian tennis venue, located in the Melbourne suburb of Toorak, adjacent to the namesake suburb of Kooyong. The stadium was built in 1927, and has undergone several renovations.

It has a seating capacity of slightly more than 5,000. At its peak the stadium was capable of hosting up to 15,000 patrons.
Automotive Technician Accreditation
The Automotive Technician Accreditation (ATA) is a trade qualification for all facets of automotive repair in the United Kingdom. It is a voluntary scheme (not legally binding) similar to that for electricians run by the NICEIC and similarly, is not government-run.

Breakdown (vehicle)
A vehicle breakdown is a mechanical or electrical failure of a motor vehicle that renders the vehicle inoperable or causes further operation of the vehicle to be unsafe.

Vehicle breakdowns have various causes. Depending on the severity, the vehicle may need to be towed to an automobile repair shop or fixed on-site by roadside assistance or a mobile mechanic. With other problems, the driver may be able to operate the vehicle seemingly normally for some time, but the vehicle will need an eventual repair. Many vehicle owners with personal economic difficulty or a busy schedule may wait longer than they should to get necessary maintenance or repairs made to their vehicles, thereby  increasing their chances of a breakdown, inducing further damage to the vehicle, or else causing more danger.
Bolognola
Bolognola is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Ancona and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Macerata.

Bolognola borders the following municipalities: Fiastra, Montefortino, Sarnano, Ussita.

Ancona
Ancona (/æŋˈkoʊnə/, also US: /ænˈ-, ɑːnˈ-/; Italian: [aŋˈkoːna] ⓘ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region of central Italy. The city of Ancona has an estimated population of around 99,469 as of 2025. Ancona is the capital of the homonymous province and of the region. The city is located 280 km (170 mi) northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic Sea, between the slopes of the two extremities of the promontory of Monte Conero, Monte Astagno and Monte Guasco. The hilly nature around Ancona is a strong contrast to the flatter coastline in areas further north.

Ancona is one of the main ports on the Adriatic Sea, especially for passenger traffic, and is the main economic and demographic centre of the region.

As a result of Ancona's unique elbow shape facing the sea, Ancona is one of the few cities in the world and the only city in Italy where it is possible to see both sunrise and sunset over the sea.
Marios Antoniadis
Marios Antoniadis (Greek: Μάριος Αντωνιάδης; born 14 May 1990) is a Greek Cypriot professional footballer who plays for Cypriot First Division club, Doxa Katokopias. He primarily plays as a centre-back and more recently as a left-back.

2013–14 Cypriot Cup
The 2013–14 Cypriot Cup was the 72nd edition of the Cypriot Cup. A total of 30 clubs entered the competition. It began on 23 October 2013 with the first round and concluded on 21 May 2014 with the final which was held at GSP Stadium. APOEL won their 20th Cypriot Cup trophy after beating Ermis Aradippou 2–0 in the final.
H. Ronald Pulliam
H. Ronald Pulliam is an American ecologist and conservation biologist noted for his contributions to theoretical and applied ecology, including the development of the source–sink theory and advances in foraging theory. He is Regents Professor Emeritus at the Eugene P. Odum School of Ecology at the University of Georgia and the founder of the Borderlands Restoration Network and Wildlife Corridors, initiatives dedicated to restoring and conserving ecological connectivity in the U.S.–Mexico borderlands.

Ecological Society of America
The Ecological Society of America (ESA) is a professional organization of ecological scientists. Based in the United States and founded in 1915, ESA publications include peer-reviewed journals, newsletters, fact sheets, and teaching resources. It holds an annual meeting at different locations in the USA and Canada. In addition to its publications and annual meeting, ESA is engaged in public policy, science, education, and diversity issues.

ESA's 9,000 members are researchers, educators, natural resource managers, and students in over 90 countries. Members work on a wide range of topics, from agroecology to marine diversity, and explore the relationships between organisms and their past, present, and future environments. As of June 2023 the society has 32 topical sections, six regional chapters, and ten committees.
Boltzmann sampler
A Boltzmann sampler is an algorithm intended for random sampling of combinatorial structures. If the object size is viewed as its energy, and the argument of the corresponding generating function is interpreted in terms of the temperature of the physical system, then a Boltzmann sampler returns an object from a classical Boltzmann distribution.

The concept of Boltzmann sampler was proposed by Philippe Duchon, Philippe Flajolet, Guy Louchard and Gilles Schaeffer in 2004.

Analytic function
In mathematics, an analytic function is a function that is locally given by a convergent power series. There exist both real analytic functions and complex analytic functions. Functions of each type are infinitely differentiable, but complex analytic functions exhibit properties that do not generally hold for real analytic functions.

A function is analytic if and only if for every  in its domain, its Taylor series about  converges to the function in some neighborhood of ⁠⁠. This is stronger than merely being infinitely differentiable at ⁠⁠, and therefore having a well-defined Taylor series; the Fabius function is an example of a function that is infinitely differentiable but not analytic.
Cryptocteniza
Cryptocteniza is a monotypic genus of North American mygalomorph spiders in the family Euctenizidae containing the single species, Cryptocteniza kawtak. It was first described by Jason Bond, C. A. Hamilton and R. L. Godwin in 2020, and it has only been found in the United States.

Euctenizidae
The Euctenizidae are a family of mygalomorph spiders. Originally created as a subfamily of Cyrtaucheniidae by Robert Raven in 1985, it was established as a family by Bond et al. in 2012.

They are now considered to be more closely related to Idiopidae.
2017 Tashkent Challenger
The 2017 Tashkent Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the tenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tashkent, Uzbekistan between 9 and 14 October 2017.

2017 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2017, was the secondary men's professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2017 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprises 155 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $50,000 up to $150,000. It was the 40th edition of the challenger tournaments cycle, and 9th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Ngāhuia Te Awekōtuku
Ngāhuia Te Awekōtuku MNZM (born 1949) is a New Zealand academic specialising in Māori cultural issues and a lesbian activist. In 1972, she was famously denied a visa to visit the United States on the basis of her sexuality.

University of Waikato
The University of Waikato (Māori: Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato), established in 1964, is a public research university located in Hamilton, New Zealand. An additional campus is located in Tauranga.
The university performs research in numerous disciplines such as education, social sciences, and management and is an innovator in environmental science, marine and freshwater ecology, engineering, computer science and artificial intelligence.
It offers degrees in health, engineering, computer science, management, Māori and Indigenous Studies, the arts, psychology, social sciences and education.
Wing Hing Long & Co. Store
Wing Hing Long & Co. Store is a heritage-listed former store and now museum at 10 Ruby Street, Tingha, Inverell Shire, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1881 to 1895, by Chen Quin Jack. The property is owned by the Inverell Shire Council. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 29 October 1999.

Shed
A shed is typically a simple, single-storey (though some sheds may have two or more stories and or a loft) roofed structure, often used for storage, for hobbies, or as a workshop, and typically serving as outbuilding, such as in a back garden or on an allotment. Sheds vary considerably in their size and complexity of construction, from simple open-sided ones designed to cover bicycles or garden items to large wood-framed structures with shingled roofs, windows, and electrical outlets. Sheds used on farms or in the industry can be large structures. The main types of shed construction are metal sheathing over a metal frame, plastic sheathing and frame, all-wood construction (the roof may be asphalt shingled or sheathed in tin), and vinyl-sided sheds built over a wooden frame. Small sheds may include a wooden or plastic floor, while more permanent ones may be built on a concrete pad or foundation. Sheds may be lockable to deter theft or entry by children, domestic animals, wildlife, etc.
2023 Città di Como Challenger
The 2023 Città di Como Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 17th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Como, Italy between 28 August and 3 September 2023.

2023 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2023 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2023 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 196 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 46th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 15th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Choctaw National Wildlife Refuge
The Choctaw National Wildlife Refuge is a 4,218 acre (17.07 km2) National Wildlife Refuge located along the Tombigbee River near Coffeeville, Alabama. Named after the Choctaw tribe, it was established to provide a wood duck brood habitat and serve as a protected wintering area for waterfowl.

Of the 4,218 acres (17.07 km2) of the refuge, approximately 1,802 acres (7.29 km2) of lakes, sloughs, and creeks, 2,265 acres (9.17 km2) of bottomland hardwoods, and 151 acres (0.61 km2) of croplands and moist soil units. The facility has a four-person staff with a $882,000 (FY 2005) annual budget.

The refuge also manages an additional 236 acres (0.96 km2) in perpetual conservation easements in eight parcels in Monroe, Sumter and Conecuh counties.

Conecuh County, Alabama
Conecuh County (/kəˈnɛkə/) is a county located in the south-central portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census the population was 11,597. Its county seat is Evergreen. Its name is believed to be derived from a Creek Indian term meaning "land of cane."
Geoffrey Chater
Geoffrey Michael Chater Robinson (23 March 1921 – 16 October 2021) was an English film, television and stage actor. He appeared in the crime drama series Callan, Foyle's War, Midsomer Murders and in the classic episode Six Days of the spy-fi Department S .

Harry Enfield & Chums
Harry Enfield & Chums (originally titled Harry Enfield's Television Programme) is a British sketch show starring Harry Enfield, Paul Whitehouse and Kathy Burke. It first broadcast on BBC2 in 1990 in the 9 p.m. slot on Thursday nights, which became the traditional time for alternative comedy on television.

Enfield was already an established name due to his "Loadsamoney" character (which featured in a few entertainment programmes in the late 1980s), but the series gave greater presence to his frequent collaborators Whitehouse and Burke – so much so that, in 1994, the show was retitled Harry Enfield & Chums. In 2001, a clip show series titled Harry Enfield Presents aired which featured compilations of sketches from the series featuring new linking material recorded by Enfield in character.
Mobiluncus porci
Mobiluncus porci is a curved, motile, Gram-positive and strictly anaerobic bacterium in the genus Mobiluncus (family Actinomycetaceae). It was originally isolated from the feces of an Aachen minipig in Germany and described as a novel species in 2020.

Actinomycetaceae
The Actinomycetaceae (often called actinomycetes or mycelial bacteria) are a family of bacteria in the order Actinomycetales that contains the medically important genus Actinomyces. These organisms are closely related to the mycobacteria, but were originally classified as fungi because they were thought to be transitional forms between bacteria and fungi.
Tū-irirangi
Tū-irirangi was a Māori rangatira (chieftain) of the Ngāti Whāita hapū of the Ngāti Raukawa iwi in the Tainui tribal confederation from the Waikato region, New Zealand. He is an ancestor of the Ngāti Kinohaku hapu (sub-tribe) of Ngāti Maniapoto and probably lived in the mid-to-late seventeenth century.

Kinohaku
Kinohaku was a Māori woman of the Ngāti Maniapoto tribe in New Zealand's Waikato region. She lived in the seventeenth century and is the eponymous ancestor of the Ngāti Kinohaku sub-tribe (hapū) of Ngāti Maniapoto.
2016 Men's EuroHockey Indoor Championship
The 2016 Men's EuroHockey Indoor Championship was the eighteenth edition of the Men's EuroHockey Indoor Championship, the biennial international men's indoor hockey championship of Europe organized by the European Hockey Federation. It took place from 15 to 17 January 2016 in Prague, Czech Republic.

The two-time defending champions Germany won their 15th title by defeating Austria 3–2 in the final. Russia won the bronze medal by defeating the hosts the Czech Republic 4–3.

Men's EuroHockey Indoor Championship
The Men's EuroHockey Indoor Championship is an international men's indoor hockey competition organized by the European Hockey Federation. The winning team becomes the champion of Europe. The tournament serves as a qualification tournament for the Indoor Hockey World Cup.

The tournament is part of the EuroHockey Indoor Championships and is the highest level in the men's competition. The lowest two teams each year are relegated to the EuroHockey Indoor Championship II and replaced by the highest two teams from that competition. From 2024 onwards the tournament will be played with ten instead of eight teams.

The tournament has been won by three different teams: Germany has the most titles with seventeen, Austria has four titles and Russia has won the tournament once. The most recent edition was held in Heidelberg, Germany and was won by Austria.
The Winged Idol
The Winged Idol is a 1915 American silent drama film directed by Scott Sidney and starring Katharine Kaelred, House Peters and Clara Williams. It was released by Triangle Film on a program alongside Allan Dwan's Jordan Is a Hard Road.

Triangle Film Corporation
Triangle Film Corporation (also known as Triangle Motion Picture Company) was a major American motion-picture studio, founded in July 1915 in Culver City, California and terminated 7 years later in 1922.
2-4-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-4-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. The type is sometimes named Columbia after a Baldwin 2-4-2 locomotive was showcased at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held at Chicago, Illinois.

Tender (rail)
A tender is a special rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing its fuel (wood, coal, oil or torrefied biomass) and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared to the quantity of fuel, so their tenders are necessary to keep them running over long distances. A locomotive that pulls a tender is called either a tender locomotive or a tender engine. Locomotives that do not have tenders and carry all their fuel and water on board are called tank locomotives or tank engines.

A corridor tender is a locomotive tender with a passageway to one side, allowing crew changes on the fly.

A brake tender is a tender that is heavy and used (primarily) to provide greater braking efficiency.
Raghavendra stotra
Raghavendra stotra is a hymn (stotra) composed by Appanacharya, a scholar of Uttaradi Math and an ardent devotee of Raghavendra Swami in praise of his guru. It is also known as Sri Raghavendra stotra, or the Guru stotra. The Sanskrit verse, comprising 32 ślokas, is recited till today by followers of Raghavendra Swami and other Dvaita Vaishnavas.

Raghavendra Tirtha
Raghavendra Tirtha (Rāghavēndra Tīrtha), also referred as Raghavendra Swami, (c.1595 – c.1671) was a Vaishnava scholar, theologian, and saint. He was also known as Sudha Parimalacharya (Sudhā Parimaḷācārya). His diverse oeuvre include commentaries on the works of Madhva, Jayatirtha, and Vyasatirtha, interpretation of the Principal Upanishads from the standpoint of Dvaita and a treatise on Purva Mimamsa. He served as the pontiff of the matha at Kumbakonam from 1621 to 1671. Raghavendra Tirtha was also an accomplished player of the veena and he composed several songs under the name of Venu Gopala. His memorial at Mantralayam attracts lakhs (hundreds of thousands) of visitors every year.
Yasin Malik
Yasin Malik (born 3 April 1966) is a Kashmiri separatist leader and former militant who advocates the separation of Kashmir from both India and Pakistan. He is the chairman of the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front, which originally spearheaded armed militancy in the Kashmir Valley. Malik renounced violence in 1994 and adopted peaceful methods to come to a settlement of the Kashmir conflict. In May 2022, Malik pleaded guilty to charges of criminal conspiracy and waging war against the state, and was sentenced to life imprisonment.

Jamaat-e-Islami Kashmir
The Jamaat-e-Islami Kashmir or Jamaat-e-Islami Jammu and Kashmir (JIJK) is an Islamic political party based in the city of Srinagar in the Indian-administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is distinct from the Jamaat-e-Islami Hind. The organisation's stated position on the Kashmir conflict is that Kashmir is a disputed territory and the issue must be sorted as per the UN or through tripartite talks between India, Pakistan and representatives of Kashmir.
Haara Dil
Haara Dil  is a 2018 Pakistani television series directed by Furqan Adam and written by Rabia Razzaq. The show stars Hiba Bukhari and Danish Taimoor as leads. It premiered on 12 April 2018 on A-Plus TV and aired every Thursday. It tells the story of a middle-aged couple who gets pregnant, much to the disappointment of their adult daughter Momina, and the social pressure the family faces.

It achieved 11.4 TRP making it a big hit and it was also the first show to feature Danish Taimoor and Hiba Bukhari

Pakistani dramas
Pakistani dramas, or Pakistani serials, are televised serials produced in Pakistan. Although most of the serials are produced in Urdu, an increasing number are produced in other Pakistani languages such as Sindhi, Pashto, Punjabi and Balochi. One of Pakistan's oldest television dramas is the Urdu serial Khuda Ki Basti, which aired in 1969. Pakistani dramas, like serials elsewhere, reflect the country's culture. According to critics, the decades of 1970s and 1980s are considered to be the golden age of Pakistani serials.

In 2016, a Dawn News report estimated that the five major entertainment channels combined produce around 80 dramas every year, with an average of 16 dramas per channel.

They have helped to attract viewers nationwide to television. The serials are widely popular in South Asian countries, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal.