hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dutch dialects and varieties
Dutch dialects and varieties are primarily the dialects and varieties that are both cognate with the Dutch language and spoken in the same language area as the Standard Dutch. They are remarkably diverse and are found within Europe mainly in the Netherlands and northern Belgium.

The Dutch province of Friesland is bilingual. The West Frisian language, distinct from Dutch, is spoken here along with Standard Dutch and the Stadsfries Dutch. A West Frisian standard language has also been developed.

Stellingwarfs dialect
Stellingwarfs (Dutch: Stellingwerfs) is a Westphalian and Friso-Saxon dialect spoken in Ooststellingwerf and Weststellingwerf in the Dutch province of Friesland, and also in Steenwijkerland and Westerveld in the Dutch province of Overijssel and Drenthe.

Like Het Bildt and Leeuwarden, Weststellingwerf and Ooststellingwerf are among the municipalities of Friesland where West Frisian is not spoken.

The language was identified by the government of the Netherlands in 1996 within Low Saxon.
Hanani–Tutte theorem
In topological graph theory, the Hanani–Tutte theorem is a result on the parity of edge crossings in a graph drawing. It states that every drawing in the plane of a non-planar graph contains a pair of independent edges (not both sharing an endpoint) that cross each other an odd number of times. Equivalently, it can be phrased as a planarity criterion: a graph is planar if and only if it has a drawing in which every pair of independent edges crosses evenly (or not at all).

Graph drawing
Graph drawing is an area of mathematics and computer science combining methods from geometric graph theory and information visualization to derive two-dimensional (or, sometimes, three-dimensional) depictions of graphs arising from applications such as social network analysis, cartography, linguistics, and bioinformatics.

A drawing of a graph or network diagram is a pictorial representation of the vertices and edges of a graph. This drawing should not be confused with the graph itself: very different layouts can correspond to the same graph.  In the abstract, all that matters is which pairs of vertices are connected by edges.  In the concrete, however, the arrangement of these vertices and edges within a drawing affects its understandability, usability, fabrication cost, and aesthetics. The problem gets worse if the graph changes over time by adding and deleting edges (dynamic graph drawing) and the goal is to preserve the user's mental map.
The Books of the Bible (book)
The Books of the Bible is the first presentation of an unabridged committee translation of the Bible to remove chapter and verse numbers entirely and instead present the biblical books according to their natural literary structures. This edition of the Bible is also noteworthy for the way it recombines books that have traditionally been divided, and for the way it puts the biblical books in a different order.

The edition was first published by the International Bible Society (now Biblica) in 2007 in Today's New International Version (TNIV). It was re-released in September 2012 in the latest update to the New International Version (NIV).

New International Version
The New International Version (NIV) is a translation of the Bible into contemporary English. Published by Biblica, the complete NIV was released on October 27, 1978, with a minor revision in 1984 and a major revision in 2011. The NIV relies on recently published critical editions of the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts.

Biblica claims that "the NIV delivers the very best combination of accuracy and readability." Over 450 million printed copies of the translation had been distributed as of March 2013, and over 500 million as of March 2023. The NIV is the best-selling translation in the United States.
Thomas Richey
Thomas Richey (November 1, 1831 — June 3, 1905) was a prominent Irish-American Anglo-Catholic priest, professor, and author in the Episcopal Church. He was born in Newry, County Down, in Ireland and had settled in Pittsburgh by 1847, following his graduation at 16 from Queen's College, Belfast. Richey was a tutor at St. James College, Hagerstown, Maryland under John Barrett Kerfoot from 1848-1851. He was graduated from the General Theological Seminary of the Episcopal Church in 1854 and ordained to the priesthood by Bishop Horatio Potter in 1855.

John Barrett Kerfoot
John Barrett Kerfoot (March 1, 1816 – July 10, 1881) served as Rector of the College of St. James near Hagerstown, Maryland, as President of Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut, and as the first Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Caledonian Railway 55 Class
The Caledonian Railway 55 Class were 4-6-0 mixed-traffic locomotives designed by John F. McIntosh and built at the railway’s St. Rollox works in Glasgow in 1902-1905. The class was intended for use on the Callander and Oban line and were sometimes known as Oban Bogies, a nickname they shared with the earlier Brittain 179 Class 4-4-0s and the subsequent Pickersgill 191 Class 4-6-0s, all of which were built for use on the same route.

4-6-0
A 4-6-0 steam locomotive, under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, has four leading wheels on two axles in a leading bogie and six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles with the absence of trailing wheels.

In the mid-19th century, this wheel arrangement became the second-most-popular configuration for new steam locomotives in the United States, where this type is commonly referred to as a Ten-wheeler. As locomotives pulling trains of lightweight all-wood passenger cars from the 1890 to the 1920s, they were exceptionally stable at near 100 mph (160 km/h) speeds on the New York Central's New York-to-Chicago Water Level Route and on the Reading Railroad's line from Camden to Atlantic City, New Jersey.
Club Atlético Villa San Carlos
Club Social y Deportivo Villa San Carlos is an Argentine football club based in the city of Berisso (nearly La Plata) in Buenos Aires Province. The team currently plays in the Primera B Metropolitana, the regionalised third level of the Argentine football league system.

Berisso
Berisso is a city and the head town of the partido of Berisso in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It forms part of the Greater La Plata urban area and has a population of approximately 88,470 as of 2010.
North Wing Maverick
The North Wing Maverick is an American single-seat ultralight trike designed and produced by North Wing Design of East Wenatchee, Washington. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Ultralight trike
An ultralight trike or paratrike is a type of powered hang glider where flight control is by weight-shift. These aircraft have a fabric flex-wing from which is suspended a tricycle fuselage pod driven by a pusher propeller. The pod accommodates either a solo pilot, or a pilot and a single passenger. Trikes grant affordable, accessible, and exciting flying, and have been popular since the 1980s.

Trikes are classified as microlights in Europe, and as light-sport aircraft in the United States.  The aircraft are also known by other names, including 2-axis microlights, flex-wing trikes,  microlight trikes, deltatrikes or motorized deltaplanes.  In the United States, they are formally recognized by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) as weight-shift-control aircraft.
La Voz Kids (Spanish TV series) season 9
The ninth season of La Voz Kids premiered on 13 April 2024 on Antena 3. This season, David Bisbal and Rosario Flores reprised their roles as coaches from the previous season. Melendi returned as a coach for his fourth season after a two-season absence, replacing Sebastián Yatra. Debutant Lola Índigo joined as a coach this season, replacing Aitana.

Eva González and Juanra Bonet remained as the hosts of the program.

On 13 July, Alira Moya was announced as the winner of this season, marking David Bisbal's second and final win as a coach. He became the second coach on La Voz Kids to win the show twice, after Melendi. Additionally, David Bisbal became the fourth coach out of all versions of La Voz to win three times, behind Malú, Pablo López and Antonio Orozco.

La Voz Kids (Spanish TV series) season 8
The eighth season of La Voz Kids premiered on 15 April 2023 on Antena 3. This season, David Bisbal, Aitana, and Sebastián Yatra all reprised their roles as coaches from the previous season. Rosario Flores returned as a coach for her seventh season after a one-season absence, replacing Pablo López. However, Pablo López filled in for David Bisbal for the first four episodes of the blind auditions to select artists for David's team. 
Eva González and Juanra Bonet remained as the host of the program.

On 8 July, Rubén Franco was announced as the winner of this season, marking Sebastián Yatra's first and only win as a coach. Also, this was the second occurrence where as stolen artist won the entire season (Franco was originally from David Bisbal's team before he joined Team Yatra), following Irene Gil in season 5.
Ermentrude (daughter of Louis the Stammerer)
Ermentrude (French: Ermentrude de France; 875/78–?) was a Princess of France in the Middle Ages, named after her grandmother, Queen Ermentrude of Orléans.

Ermentrude was a daughter of King Louis the Stammerer and Adelaide of Paris.

Ermentrude’s daughter, Cunigunda, first in 909 married Wigeric of Lotharingia, count of Bidgau and count palatine of Lotharingia, then in 922 married Ricwin, Count of Verdun (d. 923).

Ricwin, Count of Verdun
Ricwin (Ricuin, Richwin) (died 923) was a Count of Verdun.

After the death of Lothar II, the Treaty of Meerssen (August 870) divided Lotharingian territories between Louis the German and his half-brother Charles the Bald. This division allocated "comitatum… Viridunense" to Charles, and Ricwin is recorded as Comte in Verdun in a charter dated 895. Evrard has speculated that Ricwin was the brother of Reginar, but this remains unproven.

The chronicler Flodoard of Reims recorded that, in 921, Ricwin (Ricuni infidelis) opposed Charles the Simple, presumably as part of the Revolt of the Nobles of 920. Ricwin, weak in bed, was killed in 923 by Boso of Provence, uncle of Rudolf, who was elected king of France that same year. The murder was apparently instigated by his stepson Adalberon, later Bishop of Metz. Ricwin was succeeded as Count of Verdun by his son Otto.
Larkfield, Kent
Larkfield  is a village in Kent, part of the civil parish of East Malling and Larkfield in the borough of Tonbridge and Malling. Of the two parts of the parish, Larkfield is much more built-up, lying on and north of the main A20 road. The M20 motorway also passes through, with junction 4 residing at the centre of Leybourne on the A228.

The name of Larkfield is literal and descriptive – it refers to the large numbers of skylarks found in the fields; its first recorded instance is in Domesday Book as Lavrochesfel.

Leybourne
Leybourne is a village and civil parish in Kent, England situated off Junction 4 of the M20 Motorway. Leybourne is adjacent to New Hythe, Larkfield and West Malling. As of 2020, Leybourne Parish had a population of 4,372.

Historically, the area was extensively quarried, leaving a number of flooded gravel pits. These have recently been developed into Leybourne Lakes Country Park, and a housing development. Several of the houses on the development feature in the Channel 4 TV Series Cape Wrath. Nearby New Hythe was also home (until 2004) of Meridian's newsroom and studio for the South East. Leybourne's name is the origin of that of the French city Libourne.
Jingle Island
Jingle Island is an island 3 km (1.5 nmi) long lying 2 km (1 nmi) northeast of Weller Island, in the Pitt Islands of the Biscoe Islands, Antarctica. It was photographed by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1956, and mapped from these photos by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 after Alfred Jingle, a strolling actor in Charles Dickens' The Pickwick Papers.

Weller Island
Weller Island (65°27′S 65°24′W﻿ / ﻿65.450°S 65.400°W﻿ / -65.450; -65.400) is an island lying east of Snodgrass Island, Pitt Islands, in the Biscoe Islands. Shown on an Argentine government chart of 1957. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1959 after Samuel Weller, Mr. Pickwick's servant in Charles Dickens' Pickwick Papers.
Soo Line locomotives
Included in this list of Soo Line locomotives are those of the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad, as well as those of the Wisconsin Central Railway, which it inherited on its lease in 1909. The M.St.P.&S.Ste.M. finally merged the WC and the Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic Railway on December 30, 1961 to form the Soo Line Railroad. The Soo Line later acquired the Milwaukee Road and became part of the Canadian Pacific Railway.

Note that WC locomotives are shown as after they were re-numbered and reclassified into the Soo Line scheme, with WC locomotives having numbers 2000 higher and classes 20 higher than their M.St.P.&S.Ste.M. counterparts.

Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad
The Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad (MStP&SSM; reporting mark SOO) was a Class I railroad subsidiary of the Canadian Pacific Railway in the Midwestern United States. Commonly known since its opening in 1884 as the Soo Line after the phonetic spelling of Sault, it was merged with several other major CP subsidiaries on January 1, 1961, to form the Soo Line Railroad.
Rockport Music
Rockport Music is a presenting organization in Rockport, Massachusetts, bringing music and other artistic programming in variety of genres to audiences in the greater Boston area and the Massachusetts North Shore. Founded in 1981 as the Rockport Chamber Music Festival, Rockport Music has been under the artistic direction of violinist/violist Barry Shiffman since 2017. From 1995-2017, the Festival was under the artistic direction of pianist David Deveau. In Summer 2010 the organization completed construction on a year-round permanent home, the Shalin Liu Performance Center.  Situated on the Atlantic coast, one hour north of Boston, Rockport has long been a destination for seaside tourism and historically a fishing village and artist colony.

Cape Ann
Cape Ann is a rocky peninsula in northeastern Massachusetts on the Atlantic Ocean.  It is about 30 miles (48 km) northeast of Boston and marks the northern limit of Massachusetts Bay. Cape Ann includes the city of Gloucester and the towns of Essex, Manchester-by-the-Sea and Rockport.
1980–81 AHL season
The 1980–81 AHL season was the 45th season of the American Hockey League. Nine teams played 80 games each in the schedule. The Hershey Bears finished first overall in the regular season. The Adirondack Red Wings won their first Calder Cup championship.

Adirondack Red Wings
The Adirondack Red Wings were a minor professional ice hockey team in the American Hockey League. They played in Glens Falls, New York, United States at the Glens Falls Civic Center. The team was affiliated with the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League.
Arts Education Policy Review
The Arts Education Policy Review is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal of arts education. It covers research on PK–12 arts education policy. It is published by Routledge and the editor-in-chief is Colleen Conway (University of Michigan). It was established in 1899 as Design and renamed Design For Arts in Education in 1977, before obtaining its current name in 1992.

Visual arts education
Visual arts education is the area of learning that is based upon the kind of art that one can see, visual arts—drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, and design in jewelry, pottery, weaving, fabrics, etc. and design applied to more practical fields such as commercial graphics and home furnishings. Contemporary topics include photography, video, film, design, and computer art. Art education may focus on students creating art, on learning to criticize or appreciate art, or some combination of the two.
Hester Brook, Western Australia
Hester Brook is a rural locality of the Shire of Bridgetown–Greenbushes in the South West region of Western Australia. Hester Brook is located on the South Western Highway, which passes through its north-eastern part. The Blackwood River forms the south-western border of the locality.

It is on the traditional land of the Noongar people.

The heritage-listed Peninsula House, a homestead dating back to 1920, is located in Hester Brook, overlooking a bend in the Blackwood River. An earlier cottage at the location, dating back to 1890, was destroyed in a bushfire in 2009. A second heritage-listed building, Parkville, also overlooking a bend in the river, dates back to 1900. An older dwelling at the site, built a decade earlier, is now used as a tool shed.

Shire of Bridgetown–Greenbushes
The Shire of Bridgetown–Greenbushes is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia, about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southeast of Bunbury and about 260 kilometres (162 mi) south of the state capital, Perth. The Shire covers an area of 1,340 square kilometres (517 sq mi), and its seat of government is the town of Bridgetown.
Al-Qahir
Abū al-Manṣūr Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Ṭalḥa ibn Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Qāhir bi'Llāh (Arabic: أبو المنصور محمد بن أحمد المعتضد, romanized: Abū al-Manṣūr Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Muʿtaḍid), usually known simply by his regnal title al-Qahir bi'Llah (Arabic: القاهر بالله, romanized: al-Qāhir bi'Llāh, lit. 'Victorious by the will of God'), was the nineteenth caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate from 932 to 934. He was born 286 AH (899 C.E.) and died 339 AH (950 C.E.).

Al-Muwaffaq
Abu Ahmad Ṭalḥa ibn Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Muwaffaq bi'Llah (Arabic: أبو أحمد طلحة بن جعفر; 29 November 843 – 2 June 891), better known by his laqab as Al-Muwaffaq Billah (Arabic: الموفق بالله, lit. 'Blessed of God'), was an Abbasid prince and military leader, who acted as the de facto regent of the Abbasid Caliphate for most of the reign of his brother, Caliph al-Mu'tamid. His stabilization of the internal political scene after the decade-long "Anarchy at Samarra", his successful defence of Iraq against the Saffarids and the suppression of the Zanj Rebellion restored a measure of the Caliphate's former power and began a period of recovery, which culminated in the reign of al-Muwaffaq's own son, the Caliph al-Mu'tadid.
Agriocnemis minima
Agriocnemis minima is a species of damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. It is distributed across Indochina and can be found in Cambodia, Thailand and Singapore.
It breeds in marshes and wet habitats.

Coenagrionidae
Coenagrionidae is a family of damselflies, also known as pond damselflies, in the order Odonata and the suborder Zygoptera. The Zygoptera are the damselflies, which although less known than the dragonflies, are no less common. More than 1,300 species are in this family, making it the largest damselfly family. The family Coenagrionidae has six subfamilies: Agriocnemidinae, Argiinae, Coenagrioninae, Ischnurinae, Leptobasinae, and Pseudagrioninae.

This family is referred to as the narrow-winged damselflies or the pond damselflies. The Coenagrionidae enjoy a worldwide distribution, and are among the most common of damselfly families. This family has the smallest of damselfly species. More than 110 genera of the family Coenagrionidae are currently accepted.
Ontario Highway 108
King's Highway 108, commonly referred to as Highway 108, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. Located in the Algoma District, the highway extends for 41.6 kilometres (25.8 mi) from an intersection with Highway 17 west of Serpent River, through the urban core of Elliot Lake, to an intersection with Quirke Mine Road in the north end of the city. The highway continues as Secondary Highway 639 north of Quirke Mine Road.

An earlier but unrelated Highway 108 existed for approximately one year in Toronto, following The Queensway between Highway 27 and the Queen Elizabeth Way. Like most provincial highways in Toronto, it was transferred to Metropolitan Toronto after its formation. The current Highway 108 was designated in 1957 and has remained more-or-less unchanged since then.

Ministry of Transportation (Ontario)
The Ministry of Transportation (MTO) is a provincial ministry of the Government of Ontario responsible for the planning, management and maintenance of transportation infrastructure in the Canadian province of Ontario. The MTO is headquartered in Toronto.

Founded in 1916 as the Department of Public Highways of Ontario, the MTO oversees the province's 16,900 km (10,500 mi) network of highways. This includes the 400-series highways, with the section of Highway 401 that passes through Toronto being the busiest in North America. Metrolinx, a crown agency that oversees GO Transit and the Presto fare card system, reports to the MTO. The ministry is also responsible for vehicle registration and issuing drivers licences.
Banestan-e Jalil
Banestan-e Jalil (Persian: بنستان جليل, also Romanized as Banestān-e Jalīl; also known as Banestān) is a village in Sepidar Rural District, in the Central District of Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 66, in 11 families.

Sepidar Rural District (Boyer-Ahmad County)
Sepidar Rural District (Persian: دهستان سپيدار) is in Sepidar District of Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Pazanan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Sepidar, now a city.
Bible translations
The Christian Bible has been translated into many languages from the biblical languages of Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek.

According to a major Bible translation organization, as of August 2025 the full Protestant Bible has been translated into 776 languages, the New Testament has been translated into an additional 1,798 languages, and smaller portions have been translated into 1,433 other languages. Thus, at least some portions of the Bible have been translated into 4,007 languages, out of a total of 7,396 known languages (including sign languages).

Textual variants in the New Testament include errors, omissions, additions, changes, and alternate translations. In some cases, different translations have been used as evidence for or have been motivated by doctrinal differences.

Middle English Bible translations
Middle English Bible translations covers the age of Middle English (c. 1100–1500), beginning after the Norman Conquest (1066) and ending about 1500.

The most well-known and preserved translations are those of the Wycliffean bibles.

Between two and four Middle English translations of each book of the New Testament still exist, mainly from the late 1300s, and at least two vernacular Psalters, plus various poetic renditions of bible stories, and numerous translations of sections and verses in published sermons and commentaries. The cost and translation effort of complete bibles (pandects) favoured the production of selections and compilations of significant passages.