hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gasworks
A gasworks or gas house is fundamentally a scalable (by output quantity) flammable Gas Producer/generator whose size depends on the scale of the gas distribution system it supports.

Coal-based town gas production was generally displaced by petroleum-based gas and natural gas. However, Great Britain continued her use of coal-based town gas until the North Sea natural gas discoveries in the 1960s and 1970s. Many of these have been made redundant in the developed world by the use of natural gas, though they are still used for storage space.

Coal tar
Coal tar (also creosote) is a thick dark liquid that is a by-product of deriving coke and coal gas from coal. Coal tar has both medical and industrial uses. Medicinally, it is a topical medication applied to skin to treat psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis (dandruff).  It may be used in combination with ultraviolet light therapy in a treatment called Goeckerman therapy, which is rarely used clinically, as of 2024.

Industrially, it is a preservative for railroad ties and used in the surfacing of roads. Coal tar was listed as a known human carcinogen in the first Report on Carcinogens from the U.S. Federal Government, issued in 1980, and remains a cancer concern due to the presence of benzene in coal tar skincare products, such as shampoos.
Grov, Stord
Grov is a village in Stord Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the island of Stord, about a 7-minute drive north of the town of Leirvik. Grov lies along the European route E39 highway and the Langenuen strait, overlooking the island of Huglo across the strait. Grov is known for its fantastic natural surroundings and peaceful life by the sea.

Stord (island)
Stord is an island in Vestland county, Norway. Located in the traditional district of Sunnhordland, the island is divided between Stord Municipality (southern part) and Fitjar Municipality (northern part). The largest settlements on the island are the town of Stord (granted town status in 1997) and the villages of Sagvåg and Fitjar.
Geology of the Gower Peninsula
The geology of the Gower Peninsula in South Wales is central to the area's character and to its appeal to visitors. The peninsula is formed almost entirely from a faulted and folded sequence of Carboniferous rocks though both the earlier Old Red Sandstone and later New Red Sandstone are also present. Gower lay on the southern margin of the last ice sheet and has been a focus of interest for researchers and students in that respect too. Cave development and the use of some for early human occupation is a further significant aspect of the peninsula's scientific and cultural interest.

Marros Group
The Marros Group is the name given to a suite of rocks of Namurian age laid down during the Carboniferous Period in South Wales. These rocks were formerly known as the Millstone Grit Series but are now distinguished from the similar but geographically separate rock sequences of the Pennines and Peak District of northern England and northeast Wales by this new name.
Diepoxybutane
Diepoxybutane (also known as butane diepoxide, butadiene diepoxide, or 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane) is an epoxide which is a colorless liquid at room temperature.  Epoxides are very reactive due to ring strain and diepoxybutane contains two of these groups, so it is highly reactive, more than other ethers. It is hydrophilic, very flammable and easily ignited by heat or sparks.

Diepoxybutane is used as a chemical intermediate, as a cross-linking agent for polymers and textiles, and as a preservative.

Epoxide
In organic chemistry, an epoxide is a cyclic ether, where the ether forms a three-atom ring: two atoms of carbon and one atom of oxygen.  This triangular structure has substantial ring strain, making epoxides highly reactive, more so than other ethers.  They are produced on a large scale for many applications.  In general, low molecular weight epoxides are colourless and nonpolar, and often volatile.
1958 NCAA golf championship
The 1958 NCAA Golf Championship was the 20th annual NCAA-sanctioned golf tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate golf in the United States.

The tournament was held at Taconic Golf Club in Williamstown, Massachusetts, hosted by Williams College.

Two-time defending champions Houston won the team title, the Cougars' third NCAA team national title.

Williamstown, Massachusetts
Williamstown is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It shares a border with Vermont to the north and New York to the west. Located in Berkshire County, the town is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts metropolitan statistical area. The population was 7,513 at the 2020 census. A college town, it is home to Williams College, the Clark Art Institute and the Tony-awarded Williamstown Theatre Festival.
1 Samuel 25
1 Samuel 25 is the twenty-fifth chapter of the First Book of Samuel in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or the first part of the Books of Samuel in the Hebrew Bible. According to Jewish tradition the book was attributed to the prophet Samuel, with additions by the prophets Gad and Nathan, but modern scholars view it as a composition of a number of independent texts of various ages from c. 630–540 BCE. This chapter contains the account of David's escape from Saul's repeated attempts to kill him. This is within a section comprising 1 Samuel 16 to 2 Samuel 5 which records the rise of David as the king of Israel.

2 Samuel 5
2 Samuel 5 is the fifth chapter of the Second Book of Samuel in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or the second part of Books of Samuel in the Hebrew Bible. According to Jewish tradition  the book was attributed to the prophet Samuel, with additions by the prophets Gad and Nathan, but modern scholars view it as a composition of a number of independent texts of various ages from c. 630–540 BCE. This chapter contains the account of David's reign in Hebron and Jerusalem. This is within a section comprising 1 Samuel 16 to 2 Samuel 5 which records the rise of David as the king of Israel, and a section comprising 2 Samuel 2–8 which deals with the period when David set up his kingdom.
Supravesical fossa
The supravesical fossa is a depression upon the inner (i.e. peritoneal) surface of the anterior abdominal wall superior to the bladder formed by a reflection of the peritoneum onto the superior surface of the bladder. It is bounded by the medial umbilical fold and median umbilical fold.

The level of the supravesicular fossa varies according to the fullness of the bladder as the peritoneum is not firmly attached to the upper surface of the bladder (the only region where this is the case).

Median umbilical ligament
In human anatomy, the median umbilical ligament is an unpaired midline ligamentous structure upon the lower inner surface of the anterior abdominal wall. It is covered by the median umbilical fold.

The median umbilical ligament represents the remnant of the fetal urachus. It extends from the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus, on the deep surface of the anterior abdominal wall.

The median umbilical ligament represents one of the five ligaments of the internal anterior abdominal wall inferior to the umbilicus; laterally on either side of it are one medial umbilical ligament and finally one lateral umbilical ligament.
Jason Knight (wrestler)
Jason Knight (born December 12, 1963) is a professional wrestler and manager. He is best known for his stints in Eastern / Extreme Championship Wrestling, where he was a one time World Television Champion.

JAPW Heavyweight Championship
The Jersey All Pro Wrestling (JAPW) Heavyweight Championship was a professional wrestling championship in the American independent professional wrestling promotion Jersey All Pro Wrestling. It became an official title on October 31, 1997 when Joe Rules became the first champion. There have been 35 reigns by 19 wrestlers and six vacancies.
Luxembourg women's national cricket team
The Luxembourg national women's cricket team is the team that represents Luxembourg in international women's cricket. The Luxembourg Cricket Federation became an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) in 1998 and an associate member in 2017.

Serbia women's national cricket team
The Serbia national women's cricket team  represents Serbia in international women's cricket. In April 2018, the International Cricket Council (ICC) granted full Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) status to all its members. Therefore, all Twenty20 played between Serbia women and other ICC members after 1 July 2018 have WT20I status.
Octahedral pyramid
In 4-dimensional geometry, the octahedral pyramid is bounded by one octahedron on the base and 8 triangular pyramid cells which meet at the apex. Since an octahedron has a circumradius divided by edge length less than one, the triangular pyramids can be made with regular faces (as regular tetrahedrons) by computing the appropriate height.

Having all regular cells, it is a Blind polytope. Two copies can be augmented to make an octahedral bipyramid which is also a Blind polytope.

Truncated 5-orthoplexes
In five-dimensional geometry, a truncated 5-orthoplex is a convex uniform 5-polytope, being a truncation of the regular 5-orthoplex.

There are 4 unique truncations of the 5-orthoplex. Vertices of the truncation 5-orthoplex are located as pairs on the edge of the 5-orthoplex. Vertices of the bitruncated 5-orthoplex are located on the triangular faces of the 5-orthoplex. The third and fourth truncations are more easily constructed as second and first truncations of the 5-cube.
Antoine Robidoux
Antoine Robidoux (September 24, 1794 – August 29, 1860) was a fur trapper and trader of French-Canadian descent best known for his exploits in the American Southwest in the first half of the 19th century.

Uinta River
The Uinta River (historically also spelled Uintah River) is a tributary of the Duchesne River flowing through Duchesne and Uintah counties in Utah, United States. Originating in the Uinta Mountains, the river flows southeast for about 60 miles (97 km) to join the Duchesne near Randlett. The Uinta is an important source of water for local irrigation. Its tributaries include the Whiterocks River, which joins it near Whiterocks, and the Dry Gulch Creek near Fort Duchesne.
Cathedral of the Holy Martyrs, Gyumri
Cathedral of the Holy Martyrs (Armenian: Սրբոց Նահատակաց եկեղեցի), in Gyumri, Armenia, is the cathedral of the Ordinariate for Armenia, Georgia, Russia, and Eastern Europe of the Armenian Catholic Church. It is located on the Victory (Haghtanak) Avenue, next to the Dzitoghtsyan Museum of National Architecture. Construction began in December 2010 and was completed in 2015. The cathedral was originally to be named "Holy Cross", but changed to "Holy Martyrs" in honour of the canonized martyrs of the Armenian genocide.

Dzitoghtsyan Museum of National Architecture
Officially Dzitoghtsyan House-Museum of Social Life and National Architecture (Armenian: Ձիթողցյանների քաղաքային կենցաղի և ազգային ճարատարապետության տուն-թանգարան), is a museum in the Kumayri historic district of Gyumri, Armenia. It was founded in 1984 in the Dzitoghtsyan family house, dating back to the 19th century. The museum exhibits elements of the daily urban life of Gyumri, as well as the local cultural and architectural characteristics of the city.

The famous house of Dzitoghtsyan family was built in 1872 by four brothers who migrated from the Western Armenian village of Dzitogh, to the city of Alexandropol. It is built with the famous red tuff stone of Shirak.

The house-museum, exhibits a collection of the Alexandropol social life characteristics, from the 19th century up to the 1920s. It also features the cultural, architectural and religious aspects of the city.
Sexecology
Sexecology, also known as ecosexuality, is a radical form of environmental activism based around nature fetishism, the idea of the earth as a lover. It invites people to treat the earth with love rather than see it as an infinite resource to exploit. It was founded by Elizabeth Stephens and Annie Sprinkle, who describe themselves as "two ecosexual artists-in-love", whose manifesto is to make environment activism "more sexy, fun, and diverse".  Sexecology employs absurdist humor, performance art and sex-positivity, which Stephens claims "may produce new forms of knowledge that hold potential to alter the future by privileging our desire for the Earth to function with as many diverse, intact and flourishing ecological systems as possible." The couple promote education, events such as the ecosex symposium, and activism, such as protecting the Appalachian Mountains from mountain top removal.

Posthumanism
Posthumanism or post-humanism (meaning "after humanism" or "beyond humanism") is an idea in continental philosophy and critical theory responding to the presence of anthropocentrism in 21st-century thought.
Mine shell
• APHE – armor-piercing, high-explosive

• SAPHE – semi armor-piercing, high-explosive

• HE – high-explosive

• HCHE – high capacity high-explosive (mine shell)

A mine shell (from German: Minengeschoss, lit. 'mine shot'), or high capacity high-explosive (HCHE) in British military nomenclature, is a military explosive shell type characterized by thin (usually steel) shell walls which allow a much higher explosive content than standard high-explosive shells of the same caliber, trading a higher pressure wave effect against high-explosive shells' larger fragmentation effect and better penetration of armoured targets.

Mine shells were originally developed during the mid- to late 1800s against fortresses before the introduction of rebar; reinforced fortresses had made the original use of the type obsolete around World War I, but they were given a new role against aircraft during World War II.

Pentaerythritol tetranitrate
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), also known as PENT, pentyl, PENTA (ПЕНТА, primarily in Russian), TEN (tetraeritrit nitrate), corpent, or penthrite (or, rarely and primarily in German, as nitropenta), is an explosive material. It is the nitrate ester of pentaerythritol, and is structurally very similar to nitroglycerin. Penta refers to the five carbon atoms of the neopentane skeleton. PETN is a very powerful explosive material with a relative effectiveness factor of 1.66. When mixed with a plasticizer, PETN forms a plastic explosive. Along with RDX it is the main ingredient of Semtex.

PETN is also used as a vasodilator drug to treat certain heart conditions, such as for management of angina.
Little Annie the Goose-Girl
Vesle Åse Gåsepike (Little Annie the Goose-Girl) is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe in Norske Folkeeventyr. It has also been translated as Little Lucy Goosey Girl, and classified as Aarne-Thompson tale type 870A, "The Goose-Girl (Neighbor's Daughter) as Suitor".

Peter Christen Asbjørnsen
Peter Christen Asbjørnsen (15 January 1812 – 5 January 1885) was a Norwegian writer and scholar. He and Jørgen Engebretsen Moe were collectors of Norwegian folklore. They were so closely united in their lives' work that their folk tale collections are commonly mentioned only as "Asbjørnsen and Moe".
Mimersgade
Mimersgade is a street in the Nørrebro district of Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from Jagtvej in the southeast to Nørrebrogade at Nørrebro station in the northwest. The street is bisected by Superkilen, a strip park created in the grounds of a former railway. The surrounding neighbourhood is known as the Milnersgade Quarter. Most of the streets in the neighbourhood are named with inspiration from Norse mythology. Mimersgade takes its name from Mímir, the Jötunn who garden the Well of Visdom.

Jagtvej
Jagtvej (lit. 'Hunt Road') is a major artery in the Nørrebro and Østerbro districts of Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from Ågade on the border with Frederiksberg in the southwest to Østerbrogade in the northeast, linking Falkoner Allé with Strandboulevarden. The street passes Assistens Cemetery, University of Copenhagen's North Campus and Fælledparken.
Hiroshi Takemura
Hiroshi Takemura (竹村 拓, Takemura Hiroshi, born on October 24, 1953, in Tokyo, Japan) is a Japanese voice actor. He is an alumnus of the theatrical troupe Gekidan Baraza, which was directed by Nachi Nozawa. His hobbies include billiards, skiing, fishing and tennis. Currently belongs to Office Kaoru.

Ronin Warriors
Ronin Warriors, known in Japan as Yoroiden Samurai Troopers (Japanese: 鎧伝サムライトルーパー, Hepburn: Yoroiden Samurai Torūpā; 'Legendary Armored Samurai Troopers'), is a Japanese anime series created by Hajime Yatate and animated by Sunrise. The television series, co-produced by Nagoya TV, aired across Japan on the All-Nippon News Network from April 30, 1988, to March 4, 1989, for a total of 39 episodes. A manga adaptation was serialized on Kodansha's Comic BomBom from November 17, 1988, to April 5, 1990, and the chapters collected into 2 tankōbon volumes. A sequel to the original series premiered on January 6, 2026.
Polymer electrolytes
A polymer electrolyte is a polymer matrix capable of ion conduction. Much like other types of electrolyte—liquid and solid-state—polymer electrolytes aid in movement of charge between the anode and cathode of a cell. The use of polymers as an electrolyte was first demonstrated using dye-sensitized solar cells. The field has expanded since and is now primarily focused on the development of polymer electrolytes with applications in batteries, fuel cells, and membranes.

Shear modulus
In solid mechanics, the shear modulus or modulus of rigidity, denoted by G, or sometimes S or μ, is a measure of the elastic shear stiffness of a material and is defined as the ratio of shear stress to shear strain:

The derived SI unit of shear modulus is the pascal (Pa), although it is usually expressed in gigapascals (GPa) or in thousand pounds per square inch (ksi). Its dimensional form is M1L−1T−2, replacing force by mass times acceleration.
Broken Lives
Broken Lives is a 1998 non-fiction book written by Estelle Blackburn. The book is about the false imprisonment of John Button and Darryl Beamish, who were both convicted of murders committed by serial killer Eric Cooke.

The book led to re-opening the cases of both Button and Beamish and quashing their long-standing convictions.

False imprisonment
False imprisonment or unlawful imprisonment occurs when a person intentionally restricts another person's movement within any area without legal authority, justification, or the restrained person's permission.

Actual physical restraint is not necessary for false imprisonment to occur. A false imprisonment claim may be made based upon private acts, or upon wrongful governmental detention.

For detention by the police, proof of false imprisonment provides a basis to obtain a writ of habeas corpus.

Under common law, false imprisonment is both a crime and a tort.
Siege of Paris (1429)
The siege of Paris was an assault undertaken in September 1429 during the Hundred Years' War by the troops of the recently crowned King Charles VII of France, with the notable presence of Joan of Arc, to take the city held by the English and Burgundians. King Charles's French troops failed to enter Paris, defended by the governor Jean de Villiers de L'Isle-Adam and the provost Simon Morhier, with the support of much of the city's population.

Quartier de La Chapelle
The Quartier de La Chapelle (French pronunciation: [kaʁtje də la ʃapɛl]) is a neighborhood of Paris, in the eastern part of the 18th arrondissement. It was originally the village of La Chapelle on the outskirts of Paris and a commune in its own right, separated from the commune of Paris by the wall of the Farmers-General. As part of the city's major 19th-century expansion, the former village was absorbed by Paris in 1860.
Joan Baker (painter)
Joan Elizabeth Baker (1922–7 April 2017) was a British painter and art teacher. She taught painting at Cardiff College of Art from 1945 until 1983, being the first woman to run a major art department in Wales.

Educated at Howell's School, Llandaff and then Cardiff School of Art from 1939, she studied under Evan Charlton and Ceri Richards. Baker completed a number of mural commissions, notably for the Cardiff Overseas Club in 1946 and for Ely Primary School in 1952. She exhibited rarely, but did take part in some group shows, notably Six Cardiff Artists in 1953 in Cardiff and, also in 1955, at the Glynn Vivian Art Gallery in Swansea. Focussing mostly on teaching, her pupils included Ernest Zobole.

After retiring from teaching in 1984, Baker continued to paint and exhibit. She died in 2017, aged 94, in the house in which she had been born.

Ernest Zobole
Ernest Zobole (25 April 1927 – 27 November 1999) was a Welsh painter and art teacher. Born to Italian immigrant parents in Ystrad, Rhondda, he is known for paintings of the industrial Rhondda Valleys. Zobole was a founding member of the Rhondda Group and the 56 Group Wales. After military service and a teaching career that included positions across Wales, he spent most of his life in his birthplace of Ystrad.
Matis language
Matis is a language spoken by the indigenous Matis people in the state of Amazonas in Brazil, on the border of Brazil and Peru. As of 2014 the population of Matis peoples had reached as high as 457. There are currently an estimated 350 Matis speakers. Matis language has a high level of transmission, especially among women and children, who are generally monolingual in Matis only. Portuguese is spoken by older male members of the Matis for trade purposes.

Absolutive case
In grammar, the absolutive case (abbreviated ABS) is the case of nouns in ergative–absolutive languages that would generally be the subjects of intransitive verbs or the objects of transitive verbs in the translational equivalents of nominative–accusative languages such as English.
Oregon's 48th House district
District 48 of the Oregon House of Representatives is one of 60 House legislative districts in the state of Oregon. As of 2021, the boundary for the district contains portions of Clackamas and Multnomah counties. The district includes areas of outer southeast Portland surrounding Powell Butte as well as parts of Barton, Boring, Damascus, and Happy Valley. The current representative is Lamar Wise of Portland.

Clackamas County, Oregon
Clackamas County (/ˈklækəməs/ ⓘ CLAK-ə-məss) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 421,401, making it Oregon's third-most populous county. Its county seat is Oregon City. The county was named after the native people living in the area at the time of the coming of Europeans, the Clackamas people, who are part of the Chinookan peoples.

Clackamas County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Willamette Valley.
Disney Jr. (international)
Disney Jr. is a children's television channel brand owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company, aimed at audiences aged 2 to 7 years old. It debuted in the United States on February 14, 2011 and has since expanded worldwide and also as a replacement for Playhouse Disney.

La Chaîne Disney
La Chaîne Disney was a Canadian French-language specialty channel owned by Teletoon Canada, Inc., a subsidiary of Corus Entertainment under license from The Walt Disney Company, and launched on September 1, 2015, replacing Télétoon Rétro. It was a localized version of the U.S. subscription network Disney Channel, broadcasting live-action and animated programming aimed at children in French in Canada.

The launch of the network came alongside a licensing deal reached between Disney and Corus, who acquired Canadian rights to Disney Channel's programming library, and the announcement of a Canadian version of Disney Channel broadcasting in English that launched concurrently. Previous rightsholder DHX Media never operated any Disney Channel-branded services in English or French, and its only French-language Disney-branded property was a French-language Canadian version of the preschool children's brand Disney Junior.