hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Olbers-Planetarium
The Olbers-Planetarium is located in the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen, Germany, recording about 29.000 visitors a year. It was named after Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers (1758 – 1840), a doctor and astronomer from Bremen.

City University of Applied Sciences
Founded in 1982,  Hochschule Bremen – City University of Applied Sciences  (short: HSB) (German: Hochschule Bremen (HSB)) is a public University of Applied Sciences (UAS)  located in Bremen, Germany.

In 1982, this University evolved from the fusion of four Universities of Applied Sciences in Bremen: the Universities for technology, business, social pedagogy and social economy, and nautics.

It is the second largest academic institution in the federal state of Bremen. Round 9,000 students from over 100 countries (12/2024) are enrolled in about 70 degree programmes across five faculties. In the field of continuing education the International Graduate Centre (IGC) enhances the range of study programmes. Since September 2023 Konrad Wolf is Rektor of the HSB.
Tosa Domain Yamauchi clan cemetery
The Tosa Domain Yamauchi clan cemetery  (土佐藩主山内家墓所, Tosa-han-shu Yamauchi-ke bosho) refers to a site located in the city of Kōchi, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan containing the graves of the Yamauchi clan, the daimyō of Tosa Domain under the Edo Period Tokugawa shogunate. The cemetery was designated a National Historic Site in 2016.

Kōchi, Kōchi
Kōchi (高知市, Kōchi-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [koꜜː.tɕi, koː.tɕi̥ꜜ.ɕi], locally [koː.tɕi]) is the capital city of Kōchi Prefecture located on the island of Shikoku in Japan.  With over 40% of the prefectural population, Kōchi is the main commercial and industrial centre and the "primate city" of the prefecture. As of 1 April 2023, the city had an estimated population of 311,224 in 163,479 households, and a population density of 1,000 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 309.00 square kilometres (119.31 sq mi).
Peterhead Harbour
57°30′21″N 1°46′23″W﻿ / ﻿57.505944°N 1.773181°W﻿ / 57.505944; -1.773181

Peterhead Harbour is a harbour in Peterhead, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Situated immediately northeast of Peterhead Bay, it is composed of three harbours: Port Henry, North Harbour and South Harbour. The harbour is a Category B listed structure.

Queenie Bridge connects Bridge Street and Greenhill Road between North Harbour and South Harbour.

The harbour is owned and maintained by Peterhead Port Authority, which was formed in 2006 via a merger of Peterhead Bay Authority and Peterhead Harbour Trustees.

Port Henry (Peterhead)
Port Henry is an area of Peterhead, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Established in 1593, north of Peterhead Bay, it is the oldest commercial area of the town (the adjacent Roanheads being residential). It was established after Peterhead's fishermen settled there due to its position on the northeastern shoulder of the town's peninsula, 0.25 miles (0.40 km) northeast of today's town centre.

Keith Inch Castle stood around 0.35 miles (0.56 km) south of Port Henry at the time of its establishment, on Keith Inch, an island and the easternmost point of mainland Scotland. Along with the adjacent Greenhill, Keith Inch is no longer an island.
Mount Sekidō
Mount Sekidō (石動山, Sekidōzan) is a 564 metres (1,850 ft) mountain on the border of Nanao and Nakanoto in Ishikawa Prefecture and the town of Himi, in Toyama Prefecture. It is also called Mount Isurugi (伊須流岐山, Isurugizan). Mount Sekidō was considered a holy mountain and was the center of a mountain cult since the Heian period. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1978. It is located with the borders of the Noto Hantō Quasi-National Park.

Nakanoto, Ishikawa
Nakanoto (中能登町, Nakanoto-machi) is a town located in Kashima District, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 February 2018, the town had an estimated population of 18,278 in 6,625 households, and a population density of 84 persons per km2. The total area of the town was 246.76 square kilometres (95.27 sq mi).
Cottesloe, Johannesburg
Cottesloe is a small suburb west of downtown Johannesburg, around 3 km northwest of City Hall, west of Braamfontein, north of Vrededorp and Jan Hofmeyer, and south of Parktown. It is named by the first Minister of Lands, Adam Jameson, after Cottesloe, Western Australia, around 11 km southwest of Perth.

In 1960, the neighborhood became famous as the site of the Cottesloe Consultation.

Jan Hofmeyer
Jan Hofmeyer is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa, located in Region F of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality. The suburb was named after Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr (20 March 1894 – 3 December 1948), a South African politician and intellectual in the years preceding Apartheid.
Kaala (TV series)
Kaala is an Indian Hindi-language crime thriller television series created and directed by Bejoy Nambiar. Produced by Bhushan Kumar, Krishan Kumar and Bejoy Nambiar under the banner of T-Series Films, it deals with reverse hawala and stars Avinash Tiwary, Rohan Vinod Mehra, Nivetha Pethuraj, Taher Shabbir and Hiten Tejwani. It was started streaming from 15 September 2023 on Disney+ Hotstar.

Intelligence Bureau (India)
The Intelligence Bureau (IB) is India's internal security and counterintelligence agency under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It was founded in 1887 as the Central Special Branch. The IB is often regarded as the oldest extant intelligence organisation in the world.

Until 1968, it handled both domestic and foreign intelligence after which the Research and Analysis Wing was formed specifically for foreign intelligence; following that, the IB was primarily assigned the role of domestic intelligence and internal security. Tapan Deka is the current director of the IB, since June 2022.
Calling convention
In computer science, a calling convention is an implementation-level (low-level) scheme for how subroutines or functions receive parameters from their caller and how they return a result.  When some code calls a function, design choices have been taken for where and how parameters are passed to that function, and where and how results are returned from that function, with these  transfers typically done via certain registers or within a stack frame on the call stack.  There are design choices for how the tasks of preparing for a function call and restoring the environment after the function has completed are divided between the caller and the callee.  Some calling convention specifies the way every function should get called.  The correct calling convention should be used for every function call, to allow the correct and reliable execution of the whole program using these functions.

Return statement
In computer programming, a return statement causes execution to leave the current subroutine and resume at the point in the code immediately after the instruction which called the subroutine, known as its return address. The return address is saved by the calling routine, today usually on the process's call stack or in a register. Return statements in many programming languages allow a function to specify a return value to be passed back to the code that called the function.
ATC code A11
ATC code A11 Vitamins is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products. Subgroup A11 is part of the anatomical group A Alimentary tract and metabolism.

Codes for veterinary use (ATCvet codes) can be created by placing the letter Q in front of the human ATC code: for example, QA11. National issues of the ATC classification may include additional codes not present in this list, which follows the WHO version.

ATC code A
ATC code A Alimentary tract and metabolism is a section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.

Codes for veterinary use (ATCvet codes) can be created by placing the letter Q in front of the human ATC code: for example, QA. National issues of the ATC classification may include additional codes not present in this list, which follows the WHO version.
Architecture of Buffalo, New York
The architecture of Buffalo, New York, particularly the buildings constructed between the American Civil War and the Great Depression, is said to have created a new, distinctly American form of architecture and to have influenced design throughout the world.

Duane Lyman
Duane Lyman (1886–1966) was an architect based in Buffalo, New York, known for his prolific career which included 100 school buildings, many churches, and numerous large homes both in the city and suburban communities. At the time of his death, Lyman was referred to as the "dean of Western New York Architecture."
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in France
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has had a presence in France since 1849, and the first Latter-day Saint convert in the country was Augustus Saint d'Anna, in Le Havre. The Church claims a membership of about 39,797 in the country, representing less than 0.1% of the population.

Stake (Latter Day Saints)
A stake is an administrative unit composed of multiple congregations in certain denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement. The name "stake" derives from the Book of Isaiah: "enlarge the place of thy tent; stretch forth the curtains of thine habitation; spare not, lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes" (Isaiah 54:2). A stake is sometimes referred to as a stake of Zion.
Escarcha
Escarcha was a Colombian female latin pop group that was formed out of Popstars in 2002. Escarcha disbanded in 2004.

The band members were:

Natalia Bedoya

Carolina Gaitán

Isa Katherine Mosquera

Laura Mayolo

Vanessa Noriega

Their first album, the self-titled Escarcha, sold 20,000 copies on its first day and more than 70,000 copies in the three weeks after the album was released. They also had a supporting tour for their first album. The group released a second album, but it did not chart not as well as the first nor had the same level of promotion. In 2004, the group dissolved. Band members Natalia Bedoya and Isa Katherine Mosquera continued their careers on TV and radio respectively. Carolina Gaitán became a television actress.

Carolina Gaitán
Carolina del Pilar Gaitán Lozano (born 4 April 1984) is a Colombian actress and singer. She studied at the Lee Strasberg Theater and Film Institute in New York and has been awarded two Premios Tu Mundo from Telemundo.

She has starred in many series with lead roles in Celia, Sin Senos Sí Hay Paraíso, and Narcos, among many others. She has also worked on several musicals at Colombia's National Theater. As a singer, she has lent her voice to many TV theme songs and has her album composed by her. Her musical project combines the sounds of various tropical currents empowering Latin women with salsa, son, and bolero, among others.

She participated in The Greatest Showman promotional theme "This is Me" and voiced Pepa Madrigal in the 2021 Disney animated film Encanto.  She is also participating as a judge in the reality show X Factor Colombia.
Répertoire opérationnel des métiers et des emplois
The Répertoire opérationnel des métiers et des emplois (ROME), or, in English, the Operational Directory of Trades and Jobs, is a French job skillset directory. It was made in 1989 by the Agence nationale pour l'emploi, which became the Pôle emploi, in France. It puts jobs into categories of skill sets. It catalogs more than 10,000 jobs. Its nomenclature and classifications are used by other organizations. ROME is used to characterize professional families (FAP).

Agence nationale pour l'emploi
The Agence nationale pour l'emploi, or ANPE (English: "National Employment Agency" or "National Work Agency") was a French government agency which provided counseling and aid to those who are in search of a job or of training.

The ANPE was created on 13 July 1967. In December 2008, the ANPE merged with the Assedic benefits agency to create a comprehensive employment agency called Pôle emploi, based on those of Germany and the UK.
SpringBoard
SpringBoard is the standard application that manages the iPhone's home screen. Other tasks include starting WindowServer, launching and bootstrapping applications, and setting some of the device's settings on startup.

Android's equivalent of iOS' SpringBoard would be a launcher, offering similar functionalities.

Control Center (Apple)
Control Center (or Control Centre in British English, Australian English, and Canadian English) is a feature of Apple's iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and visionOS operating systems. It was introduced as part of iOS 7, released on September 18, 2013. In iOS 7, it replaces the control pages found in previous versions. It gives iOS and iPadOS devices direct access to important settings for the device by swiping down from the top right corner on the iPhone X and newer, and on all iPad models starting with iOS 12 or iPadOS, with previous models using a swipe from the bottom of the screen. It is similar to the SBSettings tweak for iOS jailbreaking. Control Center was also added to Macs in macOS 11 Big Sur, released on November 12, 2020.
Human metapneumovirus
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV or hMPV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Pneumoviridae and is closely related to the avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) subgroup C. It was isolated for the first time in 2001 in the Netherlands by using the RAP-PCR (RNA arbitrarily primed PCR) technique for the identification of unknown viruses growing in cultured cells. As of 2016, it was the second most common cause—after respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)—of acute respiratory tract illness in otherwise-healthy children under the age of 5 in a large US outpatient clinic.

The peak age of hospitalization for infants with HMPV is between 6 and 12 months, slightly older than the peak of RSV, which is around 2 to 3 months. The clinical features and severity of HMPV are similar to those of RSV. HMPV is also an important cause of disease in older adults and infants.

Arginylglycylaspartic acid
Arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD) is the most common peptide motif responsible for cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM), found in species ranging from Drosophila to humans. Cell adhesion proteins called integrins recognize and bind to this sequence, which is found within many matrix proteins, including fibronectin, fibrinogen, vitronectin, osteopontin, and several other adhesive extracellular matrix proteins. The discovery of RGD and elucidation of how RGD binds to integrins has led to the development of a number of drugs and diagnostics, while the peptide itself is used ubiquitously in bioengineering. Depending on the application and the integrin targeted, RGD can be chemically modified or replaced by a similar peptide which promotes cell adhesion.
Poset topology
In mathematics, the poset topology associated to a poset (S, ≤)  is the Alexandrov topology (open sets are upper sets) on the poset of finite chains of (S, ≤), ordered by inclusion.

Let V be a set of vertices. An abstract simplicial complex Δ is a set of finite sets of vertices, known as faces , such that

Given a simplicial complex Δ as above, we define a (point set) topology on Δ by declaring a subset  be closed if and only if Γ is a simplicial complex, i.e.

This is the Alexandrov topology on the poset of faces of Δ.

The order complex associated to a poset (S, ≤) has the set S as vertices, and the finite chains of (S, ≤) as faces. The poset topology associated to a poset (S, ≤) is then the Alexandrov topology on the order complex associated to (S, ≤).

Upper set
In mathematics, an upper set (also called an upward closed set, an upset, or an isotone set in X) of a partially ordered set  is a subset  with the following property: if s is in S and if x in X is larger than s (that is, if ), then x is in S. In other words, this means that any x element of X that is greater than or equal to some element of S is necessarily also an element of S, or,

The term lower set (also called a downward closed set, down set, decreasing set, initial segment, or semi-ideal) is defined similarly as being a subset S of X with the property that any element x of X that is  to some element of S is necessarily also an element of S.
Maldivian (horse)
Maldivian (foaled 20 October 2002) was a New Zealand bred Thoroughbred racemare, trained by Mark Kavanagh, who is notable for winning the 2008 Cox Plate and two other Group 1 races.

Sir Patrick & Lady Justine Hogan bred Maldivian from the American mare Shynzi, by the leading sire Zabeel. He was exported to Australia in April 2004.

Zabeel
Zabeel (25 October 1986 – 25 September 2015) was a New Zealand-bred racehorse who predominantly raced in Australia. He was retired to stud and became a champion sire.  He was a bay son of Sir Tristram from the Nureyev mare Lady Giselle.
Malapo
Malapo is a small village in the eastern district of Tongatapu in the kingdom of Tonga. It is located in the fork of the road junction, where the main road to Nukuʻalofa splits into the road to Muʻa and beyond and the road to the airport near Fuaʻamotu. It is near to the neighbouring village of Holonga. The population is 647.

Tongatapu
Tongatapu is the main island of Tonga and the site of its capital, Nukuʻalofa. Approximately 260 square kilometres (100 square miles) in size, it is located in Tonga's southern island group, to which it gives its name and it is the country's most populous island, with 74,611 residents (2016) or roughly 70.5% of the total population.

Tongatapu has experienced more rapid economic development than the other islands of Tonga, and has become a business, trade and labor center of the country.
Kurree
Kurree is a large village of Gujrat District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is located at 32°31'10N 74°12'55E with an altitude of 220 metres (725 feet) and is about 45 km north east of Gujrat city and about 25 km from the city of Sialkot. It is perched atop a small hillock which overlooks the Marala Headworks at the point where the Chenab River enters Pakistan. The village comes under the administrative jurisdiction of Union Council Mari Khokhran.

Gujrat, Pakistan
Gujrat (Punjabi: [ɡʊd͡ʒɾaːt̪]) is a city, located along the western bank of the Chenab River, in the northern region of Punjab, Pakistan. Located around the historic Gujrat Fort, it serves as the headquarters of its eponymous district and division. It is the 11th-most populous city in Punjab and the 16th in Pakistan, with an urban population of 574,240 in 2023. Having an industrial and export-oriented economy, Gujrat constitutes the "Golden Triangle of Punjab" alongside Sialkot and Gujranwala. It is also known for being the setting of the classical Punjabi folktale of Sohni Mahiwal.
Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2
Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2 (Korean: 광명성 2호, meaning Bright Star-2 or Lode Star-2) was a satellite launched by North Korea on April 5, 2009.

Prior to the launch, concern was raised by other nations, particularly the United States, South Korea and Japan, that the launch would test technology that could be used in the future to launch an intercontinental ballistic missile. The launch of the rocket was sharply condemned by the United States and the European Union, while the People's Republic of China and Russia urged restraint. On April 13, 2009, the United Nations Security Council issued a Presidential Statement condemning the launch as a violation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1718 (2006). One day after, on April 14, 2009, North Korea called the Presidential Statement an infringement on a country's right for space exploration embodied in the Outer Space Treaty and withdrew from Six Party Talks.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (MFA Russia; Russian: Министерство иностранных дел Российской Федерации, МИД России, romanized: Ministerstvo inostrannykh del Rossiiskoi Federatsii. MID Rossii) is the central government institution charged with leading the foreign policy and foreign relations of Russia.

It is a continuation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, which was under the supervision of the Soviet Ministry of External Relations. Sergei Lavrov is the current foreign minister.
All for You: A Dedication to the Nat King Cole Trio
All for You: A Dedication to the Nat King Cole Trio is the third studio album by Canadian singer Diana Krall, released on March 12, 1996, by Impulse! Records and GRP Records. The album pays tribute to the Nat King Cole Trio.

Impulse! Records
Impulse! Records (occasionally styled as "¡mpulse! Records" and "¡!") is an American jazz record label established by Creed Taylor in 1960. John Coltrane was among Impulse!'s earliest signings. Thanks to consistent sales and positive critiques of his recordings, the label came to be known as "the house that Trane built".
Julia C. Lathrop Homes
Julia C. Lathrop Homes is a Chicago Housing Authority (CHA) public housing project located along the line between the Lincoln Park and North Center neighborhoods on the north side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is bordered by the neighborhoods of Bucktown and Roscoe Village. Completed in 1938 by the Public Works Administration, Lathrop Homes was one of the first Chicago public housing projects. Lathrop Homes was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012 and is currently undergoing restoration. Lathrop Homes consists of two-story brick row houses and three- and four-story apartment buildings separated by landscaped courtyards and linked by small archways in a campus-like arrangement. There are a total of 925 units on 35.5 acres of land (approximately three and a half square blocks).

Chicago Housing Authority
The Chicago Housing Authority (CHA) is a municipal corporation that oversees public housing within the city of Chicago. The agency's Board of Commissioners is appointed by the city's mayor, and has a budget independent from that of the city of Chicago. CHA is the largest rental landlord in Chicago, with more than 50,000 households. CHA owns over 21,000 apartments (9,200 units reserved for seniors and over 11,400 units in family and other housing types). It also oversees the administration of 37,000 Section 8 vouchers. The current interim CEO is Operating Chairman Matthew Brewer.
Diarrhena
Diarrhena, or beakgrain, is a genus of Asian and North American plants in the grass family.

Species

Diarrhena americana P. Beauv.  - east-central United States (OK MO AR IL IN OH KY TN AL GA NC VA WV MD PA)

Diarrhena fauriei (Hack.) Ohwi - Shandong, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Japan, Korea, Primorye

Diarrhena japonica Franch. & Sav. - Japan, Jeju-do, Kuril, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning

Diarrhena mandshurica Maxim. - Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Primorye, Amur, Khabarovsk, Korea, Hebei, Shanxi

Diarrhena obovata (Gleason) Brandenburg - Ontario, east-central United States (TX OK KS NE SD MN IA MO AR IL WI MI IN OH KY TN VA WV PA NY)

formerly included

see Ammophila Catabrosa Cutandia Sphenopus Vulpia

Diarrhena obovata
Diarrhena obovata, the hairy beakgrain or obovate beakgrain, is a species of flowering plant in the cool-season grass subfamily Pooideae. It is native to the north-central and east-central United States. A perennial reaching 4 ft (1.2 m), it is typically found growing in rich woodlands.