hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Torsåker, Hofors Municipality
Torsåker is a locality situated in Hofors Municipality, Gävleborg County, Sweden with 899 inhabitants in 2010. It contains a parish for the Archdiocese of Uppsala. The church at Torsåker has two runestones, Gs 7 and Gs 8.

Gävleborg County
Gävleborg County (Swedish: Gävleborgs län) is a county or län on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders the counties of Uppsala, Västmanland, Dalarna, Jämtland, and Västernorrland. The capital is Gävle.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1954
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1954, adopted unanimously on December 14, 2010, after recalling resolutions 827 (1993), 1581 (2005), 1597 (2005), 1613 (2005), 1629 (2005), 1660 (2006), 1668 (2006), 1800 (2008), 1837 (2008), 1849 (2008), 1877 (2009),  1900 (2009) and 1931 (2010), the Council permitted two judges to serve beyond their term of office to enable them to complete work on cases in which they were involved at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY).

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1613
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1613, adopted unanimously on 26 July 2005, after recalling resolutions  827 (1993), 1166 (1998), 1329 (2000), 1411 (2002), 1431 (2002), 1481 (2003), 1503 (2003), 1534 (2004) and 1597 (2005), the Council forwarded a list of nominees for temporary judges at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) to the General Assembly for consideration.

The list of 34 nominees received by the Secretary-General Kofi Annan, which was short of the minimum required by the Statute of the ICTY, was as follows:
Ronald Carter (linguist)
Ronald Allan Carter MBE FRSA AcSS (4 May 1947 – 12 September 2018) was a British linguist.

A native of Leeds, Carter studied English, Russian, and German, as well as comparative literature, at University of Birmingham. He began teaching at the University of Nottingham after completing a doctorate in 1979. Carter was a founding member of the Poetics and Linguistics Association, and later led the group as chairman. He was elected fellow of the Royal Society of Arts in 1995, and granted an equivalent honor by the Academy of Social Sciences in 2002. In 2009, Carter was named a Member of the Order of the British Empire.

Carter died on 12 September 2018 at the age of 71.

Academy of Social Sciences
The Academy of Social Sciences (AcSS) is a representative body for social sciences in the United Kingdom. The academy promotes social science through its sponsorship of the Campaign for Social Science, its links with Government on a variety of matters, and its own policy work in issuing public comment, responding to official consultations, and organising meetings and events about social science. It confers the title of Fellow upon nominated social scientists following a process of peer review. The academy comprises over 1000 fellows and 41 learned societies based in the UK and Europe.
Rokhlin's theorem
In 4-dimensional topology, a branch of mathematics, Rokhlin's theorem states that if a smooth, orientable, closed 4-manifold M has a spin structure (equivalently, if the second Stiefel–Whitney class  vanishes), then the signature of its intersection form, a quadratic form on the second cohomology group , is divisible by 16. The theorem is named for Vladimir Rokhlin, who proved it in 1952.

Robion Kirby
Robion Cromwell Kirby (born February 25, 1938) is a Professor of Mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley who specializes in low-dimensional topology. Together with Laurent C. Siebenmann he developed the Kirby–Siebenmann invariant for classifying the piecewise linear structures on a topological manifold. He also proved the fundamental result on the Kirby calculus, a method for describing 3-manifolds and smooth 4-manifolds by surgery on framed links. Along with his significant mathematical contributions, he has over 50 doctoral students and is the editor of an influential problem list.
Type 67 mortar
The Type 67 82mm Mortar is Chinese infantry support weapon developed in 1967. It is a modernization of the older Type 53 82mm mortar, which is the Chinese copy of Soviet PM-41 82mm mortar.

The mortar was widely used in the Vietnam War by the People's Army of Vietnam (NVA). This mortar can be used in nearly horizontal direction, which means it can be used to destroy pillboxes and obstructions.

The Type 67 82mm mortar can use different types of shells. The shrapnel of this mortar weights 3.32 kg, with a 0.4 kg TNT, and the lethal radius of this shrapnel is 26m.

82-PM-41
The 82-PM-41 (Russian: 82-Полевой Миномёт-41), M-41 or the 82-mm mortar Model 1941 (Russian: 82-мм миномет обр. 1941 г.) was a Soviet 82-millimeter calibre mortar developed during the Second World War as an infantry battalion mortar, and which began production in 1941.
1973–74 FIBA Women's European Champions Cup
The 1973–74 FIBA Women's European Champions Cup was the fourteenth edition of FIBA Europe's competition for women's basketball national champion clubs, running from November 1973 to April 1974. Daugava Riga defeated Clermont UC in a rematch of the past edition's final to win its eleventh title in a row.

1972–73 FIBA Women's European Champions Cup
The 1972–73 FIBA Women's European Champions Cup was the thirteenth edition of FIBA Europe's competition for women's basketball national champion clubs, running from November 1972 to March 1973. Daugava Riga defeated Clermont UC in the final to win its tenth title in a row.
Tezcatlipōca (EP)
Tezcatlipōca (tehs-cah-tlee-poh'-cah) is an EP by Tubelord. This is the first release post Our First American Friends which showcases the new line-up since ex-bassist Sean Bamberger left in 2009, with new members James Elliot Field and Tom Coulson-Smith. The EP consists of three songs and one bonus track that was released on the 16 August 2010 by Hassle Records.

One single "Bazel" was released from the EP on 26 February 2011

Our First American Friends
Our First American Friends is the debut album by British alternative rock band Tubelord. It was released on October 12, 2009, through Hassle Records. The album mostly features newly written material but also features re-recorded version of songs such as "Night of the Pencils" and "Propeller" which have been  staples in the band's live set and have been released in limited edition singles prior to the recording of Our First American Friends.

The album has been released on compact disc, digital download and vinyl, which contain a free bonus disc titled One for the Grandparents that featured many of the album's songs which have been completely re-worked acoustically.
Carcharodontosauridae
Carcharodontosauridae (carcharodontosaurids; from the Greek καρχαροδοντόσαυρος, carcharodontósauros: "shark-toothed lizards") is a group of carnivorous theropod dinosaurs. In 1931, Ernst Stromer named Carcharodontosauridae as a family, which, in modern paleontology,  indicates a clade within Carnosauria. Carcharodontosaurids include some of the largest land predators ever known: Giganotosaurus, Mapusaurus, Carcharodontosaurus, and Tyrannotitan all rivaled Tyrannosaurus in size. Estimates give a maximum weight of 8–10 metric tons (8.8–11.0 short tons) for the largest carcharodontosaurids, while the smallest carcharodontosaurids were estimated to have weighed at least 500 kilograms (1,100 lb).

Allosauridae
Allosauridae is an extinct family of medium to large bipedal, carnivorous allosauroid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Jurassic. Allosauridae is a fairly old taxonomic group, having been first named by the American paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh in 1878.
Gmina Nowe Miasto nad Wartą
Gmina Nowe Miasto nad Wartą is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa County, Greater Poland Voivodeship in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Nowe Miasto nad Wartą which lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) south-east of Środa Wielkopolska and 49 km (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 119.54 square kilometres (46.2 sq mi), and as of 2006, its total population is 9,025.

Środa County, Greater Poland Voivodeship
Środa County (Polish: powiat średzki [ˈpɔvjat ˈɕrɛt͡skʲi]) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Środa Wielkopolska, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

The county covers an area of 623.18 square kilometres (240.6 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 54,568, out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska is 21,635 and the rural population is 32,933.
Biscogniauxia
Biscogniauxia is a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae. Subtaxa include Biscogniauxia capnodes var. capnodes, Biscogniauxia marginata and Biscogniauxia nummularia, which are plant pathogens. The genus was circumscribed by Otto Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2 on page 398 in 1891.

The genus name of Biscogniauxia is in honour of Célestin Alfred Cogniaux (1841 – 1916), was a Belgian botanist.

Biscogniauxia nummularia
Biscogniauxia nummularia is a plant pathogen in the family Graphostromataceae, known as the beech tarcrust. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin "nummus" meaning a coin, referring to the often rounded and coin-like encrustations.
Jean Schmidt
Jeannette Mary Schmidt (née Hoffman; born November 29, 1951) is an American politician who is a state representative in Ohio's 62nd district. She was a U.S. Representative for Ohio's 2nd congressional district, serving from 2005 to 2013. She is a member of the Republican Party.

Adams County, Ohio
Adams County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,477. Its county seat and largest village is West Union. The county is named after John Adams, the second President of the United States.
Magdalena de Kino
Magdalena de Kino (Spanish pronunciation: [maɣðaˈlena ðe ˈkino] ⓘ) is a city, part of the surrounding municipality of the same name, located in the Mexican state of Sonora covering approximately 560 square miles (1,460 square kilometers). According to the 2005 census, the city's population was 23,101, and the municipality's was 25,500. Magdalena de Kino is in the northern section of Sonora 50 miles (80 kilometers) from the Mexico-U.S. border. To the north the municipality abuts Nogales; to the south, the municipality of Santa Ana; to the east, Ímuris and Cucurpe; and to the west, the municipalities of Tubutama and Sáric. Its main sectors include San Ignacio, San Isidro, Tacicuri, and Sásabe. The city was named after the pioneer Roman Catholic missionary and explorer, Father Eusebio Francisco Kino, who worked in the area, as well as in the present-day US state of Arizona.

Tubutama
Tubutama is a town in the north-west of the Mexican state of Sonora. It serves as the seat for the surrounding municipality of the same name.

The municipal area is 1,351.60 km2 (521.86 sq mi), and the population was 1,798 in 2005.  The main economic activities are cattle raising (11,000 head in 2005) and subsistence farming.

Eusebio Kino, SJ, founded Mission San Pedro y San Pablo del Tubutama in 1691.  Tubutama was the headquarters of religious administration for the entire Pimería Alta during much of the Jesuit and Franciscan period of Spanish colonial rule.
Recognition of same-sex unions in Italy
Italy has recognised civil unions since 5 June 2016, providing same-sex couples with almost all of the legal protections, benefits and rights of marriage. A bill to this effect was approved by the Senate on 25 February 2016 and by the Chamber of Deputies on 11 May. It was signed into law by President Sergio Mattarella on 20 May, published in the Gazzetta Ufficiale the next day and took effect on 5 June 2016. The law does not grant same-sex couples joint adoption rights or access to in vitro fertilisation. Before this, several regions had supported a national law on civil unions and some municipalities passed laws providing for civil unions, though the rights conferred by these unions varied from place to place.

Italy remains one of the last countries in Western Europe not to have legalized same-sex marriage. Polling suggests that a majority of Italians support the legal recognition of same-sex marriage.

Council of State (Italy)
The Council of State (Italian: Consiglio di Stato) is a legal-administrative consultative body that ensures the legality of public administration in Italy. The council has jurisdiction over all administrative authorities' acts, except when these authorities lack discretionary power, in which case the dispute is considered one of civil law.
Sudden Strike 4
Sudden Strike 4 is a real-time tactics video game set in World War II. It is the fifth game in the Sudden Strike series and the fourth standalone release. It is the first game developed by Kite Games, a collaboration of industry veteran game developers. Originally, it was scheduled to be released for PC and PlayStation 4 on June 27, 2017, but was delayed until August 11 and 15, for PC and PlayStation 4, respectively.

Real-time tactics
Real-time tactics (RTT) is a subgenre of tactical wargames played in real-time, simulating the considerations and circumstances of operational warfare and military tactics. It is differentiated from real-time strategy gameplay by the absence of classic resource micromanagement and base or unit building, and by the greater importance of individual units and a focus on complex battlefield tactics.
2004 Miami Hurricanes baseball team
The 2004 Miami Hurricanes baseball team represented the University of Miami in the 2004 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Hurricanes played their home games at Mark Light Field. The team was coached by Jim Morris in his eleventh season at Miami.

The Hurricanes reached the College World Series, where they finished tied for fifth after recording an opening round win against LSU and losses to eventual champion Cal State Fullerton and South Carolina.

2004 South Carolina Gamecocks baseball team
The 2004 South Carolina Gamecocks baseball team represented the University of South Carolina in the 2004 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Gamecocks played their home games at Sarge Frye Field. The team was coached by Ray Tanner in his 8th season at South Carolina.
Organised crime in Peru
Organised crimes in Peru refers to the transnational, national, and local groupings of highly centralised enterprises run by criminals who engage in illegal activity in the country, including drug trafficking organisations, terrorism, and attempted murder.

Huallaga River
The Huallaga River is a tributary of the Marañón River, part of the Amazon Basin. Old names for this river include Guallaga and Rio de los Motilones. The Huallaga is born on the slopes of the Andes in central Peru and joins the Marañón before the latter reaches the Ucayali River to form the Amazon. Its main affluents are the Monzón, Mayo, Biabo, Abiseo and Tocache rivers. Coca is grown in most of those valleys, which are also exposed to periodic floods.
Revolutionary Communist League, National Committee
Japan Revolutionary Communist League, National Committee (革命的共産主義者同盟全国委員会, Kakumeiteki Kyōsanshugisha Dōmei, Zenkoku Iinkai) is a Japanese far-left revolutionary group, often referred to as Chūkaku-ha (中核派, "Central Core Faction") in Japanese. Their main goal is to have Japan, and the entire world, adopt communist policies. Chūkaku-ha rejects imperialism and Stalinism.

The group is led by Takeo Shimizu, who became the chairman in 1997 to September 2025

Takeo Shimizu has been retired due to the his age.

The Japanese National Police Agency reports that as of 2020, 4,700 members are active in Chukaku-ha.

Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department
The Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department (TMPD) (警視庁, Keishichō), known locally as simply the Metropolitan Police Department (MPD), is the prefectural police of Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. Founded in 1874, the TMPD is the largest police force in Japan by number of officers, with a staff of more than 40,000 police officers and over 2,800 civilian personnel.

The TMPD is headed by a Superintendent-General, who is appointed by the National Public Safety Commission and approved by the prime minister. It manages 10 divisions and 102 stations across the Metropolis.

The TMPD's headquarters are located in Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda, Tokyo. Built in 1980, it is 18 stories tall, and is a large wedge-shaped building with a cylindrical tower. The HQ building is located opposite of Sakurada Gate of Tokyo Imperial Palace, which is the reason why it is metonymically called "Sakurada Gate".
Oval Peak
Oval Peak is an 8,800-foot (2,700-metre) mountain in the North Cascades of Washington state. It is protected by the Lake Chelan-Sawtooth Wilderness within the Okanogan–Wenatchee National Forest. Oval Peak is the highest summit in the Methow Mountains, a subrange of the North Cascades. Oval Peak has a small rock glacier on its slopes.

Climbing Oval Peak can be difficult due to the amount of talus on its slopes. There is a summit register at the peak.

Lake Chelan-Sawtooth Wilderness
The Lake Chelan-Sawtooth Wilderness is a 153,057-acre (61,940 ha) protected wilderness area located within the Okanogan and Wenatchee national forests in Washington State. The wilderness borders Lake Chelan National Recreation Area and North Cascades National Park and the Stephen Mather Wilderness to the northwest. It was designated with the passage of the Washington Wilderness Act of 1984, on lands occupied by the old Chelan Division of the Washington Forest Reserve, now part of both the Okanogan and Wenatchee national forests.
1994 Australian Manufacturers' Championship
The 1994 Australian Manufacturers' Championship was a CAMS sanctioned motor racing competition for 2.0 Litre Touring Cars complying with FIA Class II rules. The championship, which was promoted as the 1994 Valvoline Australian Manufacturers' Championship, began on 17 April 1994 at Eastern Creek Raceway and ended on 28 August at Oran Park Raceway after six rounds. The series determined both the winning automobile manufacturer in the 22nd Australian Manufacturers' Championship and the winning driver in the second annual Australian title for drivers of Class II Touring Cars. This title was awarded as the Australian 2.0 Litre Touring Car Championship in 1993 and as the Australian Super Touring Championship from 1995.

Australian Manufacturers' Championship
The Australian Manufacturers' Championship was a motor racing title awarded by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport (CAMS) to the winning car manufacturer in an annual series of races held throughout Australia. Whilst the first two championships were open only to Group E Series Production Touring Cars subsequent championships through to 1991 were run to the same regulations as the Australian Touring Car Championship. The title has been revived twice since then, firstly in 1994 as a championship open to 2-litre Class II Touring Cars (soon to become known as Super Touring Cars) and from 2008 as a series for production cars, incorporating the Australian Production Car Championship.

For 2016 the Australian Manufacturers' Championship has been replaced by the Australian Production Car Series.
Trust law in civil law jurisdictions
Trust law is not part of most civil law jurisdictions, but is a common figure in most common law system (and thus in most Commonwealth jurisdictions). Trust law enters civilian jurisdictions through conflict of law arrangements recognizing it as a matter of private international law and has been implemented in the civil code of certain countries such as Liechtenstein and Curaçao.

Civil code
A civil code is a codification of private law relating to property, family, and obligations.

A jurisdiction that has a civil code generally also has a code of civil procedure. In some jurisdictions with a civil code, a number of the core areas of private law that would otherwise typically be codified in a civil code may instead be codified in a commercial code.
2022 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
The 2022 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana (English: Tour of the Valencian Community) was a road cycling stage race that took place from 2 to 6 February 2022 in the autonomous community of Valencia in eastern Spain. The race was rated as a category 2.Pro event on the 2022 UCI ProSeries calendar, and was the 73rd edition of the Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana.

Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
The Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana (Valencian pronunciation: [ˈvɔlta a la komuniˈtad valensiˈana]; English: Tour of the Valencian Community or Tour of Valencia) is a road cycling stage race held in the Valencian Community (Comunitat Valenciana), Spain. Its position in the cycling calendar means it is often used as preparation for the spring classics or the Grand Tours which take place later in the season.

No editions of the race were held between 2008 and 2015 because of funding issues. A first attempt to revive it for the 2010–11 UCI Europe Tour was unsuccessful. During 2015 a second attempt was started by Ángel Casero and his brother Rafael. In September the UCI granted the race a 2.1 status and made way for the return of the race which took place in early February. The race became part of the new UCI ProSeries in 2020.
Katepwa South
Katepwa South (2006 population: 125) is a former resort village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 6. It is now part of the District of Katepwa. Katepwa South is on the southwest shore of Katepwa Lake in the Rural Municipality of Abernethy No. 186, approximately 23 km (14 mi) southeast of the Town of Fort Qu'Appelle on Highway 56.

Division No. 6, Saskatchewan
Division No. 6 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the south-central part of the province. The most populous community in this division is Regina, the provincial capital.
Unexplained infertility
Unexplained infertility is infertility that is idiopathic in the sense that its cause remains unknown even after an infertility work-up, usually including semen analysis in the man and assessment of ovulation and fallopian tubes in the woman. It is usually an exercise in excluding all possible causes before making a diagnosis, however the age of the female partner as well as the duration of infertility are often the most scrutinized characteristics of any infertility case.

Pregnancy rate
Pregnancy rate is the success rate for getting pregnant. It is the percentage of all attempts that leads to pregnancy, with attempts generally referring to menstrual cycles where insemination or any artificial equivalent is used, which may be simple artificial insemination (AI) or AI with additional in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Dillon v. Gloss
Dillon v. Gloss, 256 U.S. 368 (1921), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that Congress, when proposing a constitutional amendment under the authority given to it by Article V of the Constitution, may fix a definite period for its ratification, and further, that a seven-year period, such as that fixed by Congress in the resolution proposing the Eighteenth Amendment, is reasonable.

Additionally, the Court, upon taking judicial notice that the Eighteenth Amendment became a part of the Constitution on January 16, 1919, when its ratification in the state legislatures was consummated, held that the National Prohibition Act, known informally as the Volstead Act, entered into force on January 16, 1920.

Volstead Act
The National Prohibition Act, known informally as the Volstead Act, was an act of the 66th United States Congress designed to execute the 18th Amendment (ratified January 1919) which established the prohibition of alcoholic drinks. The Anti-Saloon League's Wayne Wheeler conceived and drafted the bill, which was named after Andrew Volstead, chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, who managed the legislation.