hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Canadian Tax Foundation
The Canadian Tax Foundation is an independent, non-partisan, non-profit tax research organization under the joint sponsorship of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants and the Canadian Bar Association. It was founded in 1945, and it provides a forum for lawyers, accountants, academics, and other tax professionals to work together for the betterment of the Canadian tax system and the tax profession in general. The Canadian Tax Foundation has more than 10,000 members.

Taxation in Canada
Taxation in Canada involves the collection of taxes at each level of government, including federally, provincially and territorially, and locally. The collection of taxes at the federal and provincial and territorial levels are mainly adminstered on behalf of the federal government through the Canada Revenue Agency, excluding Quebec where Revenu Québec administers the collection of provincial tax. Taxes are levied on various income sources, including income, payroll, property, sales, capital gains, dividends, imports, among others; various fees are additionally imposed. As of 2024, taxes collected at the federal, provincial and territorial, and local levels of government amounted to 34.9% of the country's total GDP, above the OECD average of 34.1% of GDP.

The tax policy of Canada is based on the progressive model of taxation, with individuals and businesses paying a higher percentage of tax as the amount of income earned increases.
Pachmarhi
Pachmarhi is a hill station in  Madhya Pradesh state of central India. It has been the location of a cantonment (Pachmarhi Cantonment) since the British Raj. The municipality is located in a valley of the Satpura Range and is widely known as Satpura ki Rani. ("Queen of Satpura")

Pachmarhi has an altitude of 1,067 meters above sea level. Dhupgarh, the highest point (1,352 meters) in Madhya Pradesh and the Satpura range, is located nearby. The town is wholly located within the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve and the Satpura Tiger Reserve.

Raghubir Yadav
Raghubir Yadav  is an Indian actor, music composer, singer and set designer who works in Hindi films. He made his film debut with Massey Sahib (1985), in which he played the title role. He has won two International Awards as Best Actor for Massey Sahib, FIPRESCI Critic's Award, Venice Film Festival, 1986 and the IFFI Best Actor Award (Male): Silver Peacock Award at the 11th International Film Festival of India, 1987. The film also featured writer and social activist in National School of Drama, New Delhi until 1977.
United States at the 2004 Summer Paralympics
The United States sent a delegation to compete at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, Greece. A total of 235 U.S. competitors took part in 18 sports; the only sport Americans did not compete in was soccer 5-a-side.  The United States finished fourth in the gold and overall medal count, behind China, Great Britain and Canada.

Canada at the 2004 Summer Paralympics
Canada participated in the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, Greece. With 28 gold, 19 silver, and 25 bronze medals, the Canadian team placed third in the medal rankings, behind China and Great Britain. Wheelchair basketball player and three-time Paralympic gold medallist Chantal Benoit was the delegation's flag bearer at the opening ceremony.

Chantal Petitclerc ties the 5 gold medal record at a single Games for a Canadian, tying Stéphanie Dixon, who set the record at the 2000 Summer Paralympics.
Sibylla of Burgundy, Duchess of Burgundy
Sybilla of Burgundy (c. 1060–1103), was a French noble, Duchess consort of Burgundy by marriage to Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy.

She was a daughter of William I, Count of Burgundy and Stephanie. She was married to Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy in 1080.

Children:

Florine of Burgundy

Helie of Burgundy

Hugh II, Duke of Burgundy

Henry (died 1131)

Emma of Burgundy (1082–1120)

Alix of Burgundy (1102–1142)

Hugh II, Duke of Burgundy
Hugh II (1084 – c. 6 February 1143) was Duke of Burgundy between 1103 and 1143. Hugh was son of Odo I, Duke of Burgundy. Hugh was selected custos for the monastery of St. Benigne, and this office would be held by his descendants until the end of the twelfth century.

In 1124, Hugh and his brother-in-law, William III, Count of Ponthieu, dispatched forces to Reims to support their overlord, King Louis VI of France, in his conflict with Emperor Henry V.
Birla Mandir, Jaipur
Birla Mandir (Lakshmi Narayan Temple) is a Hindu temple located in Jaipur, India, and is one of many Birla mandirs. It was built by the B.M. Birla Foundation in 1988 and is constructed solely of white marble. It is dedicated to the Hindu goddess  Lakshmi and god Vishnu (Narayan), whose images appear inside, along with other Hindu gods and goddesses and selections from the Gita and Upanishads. It is located in Jaipur's Tilak Nagar neighborhood, near Moti Dungari hill.

Birla Mandir
The Birla Mandirs (Birla Temples) refer to different Hindu temples or Mandirs built by the Birla family in different cities across India. All these temples are magnificently built, some in white marble or sandstone. The temples are generally located in a prominent location, carefully designed to accommodate a large number of visitors. The worship and discourses are well organized. The first one was built in 1939 in Delhi collectively by Jugal Kishore Birla and his brothers and their father. Later temples were built by and managed by different branches of the family. For both of the temples in Varanasi, the Birlas joined other donors to support the cost.
Bernardo de Velasco
Bernardo Luis de Velasco y Huidobro (20 August 1742 – c. 1821) was a figure in the Spanish American wars of independence, the last Spanish governor of the Intendency of Paraguay and a commander of royalist military forces in the war. He was deposed by the congress celebrated in Asunción on 17 June 1811. He was born in Villadiego, Burgos, Spain.

Joaquín del Pino
Joaquín del Pino Sánchez de Rojas Romero y Negrete (January 20, 1729 – April 11, 1804), was a Spanish military engineer and politician, who held various positions in the South American colonial administration.
No Future (novel)
No Future is an original novel written by Paul Cornell and based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. It features the Seventh Doctor, Ace and Bernice. A prelude to the novel, also by Cornell, appeared in Doctor Who Magazine #209. This novel is the conclusion to the "Alternate Universe cycle".

The title is a reference to the Sex Pistols song "God Save The Queen".

Virgin New Adventures
The Virgin New Adventures (NA series, or NAs) are a series of novels from Virgin Publishing based on the British science-fiction television series Doctor Who.  They continued the story of the Doctor from the point at which the television programme went into hiatus from television in 1989.

From 1991 to 1997, all the books except the final one involved the Seventh Doctor, who was portrayed on television by Sylvester McCoy; the final book, The Dying Days, involved the Eighth Doctor, who was portrayed in the 1996 television film by Paul McGann. In further books published between 1997 and 1999, the New Adventures series focused on the character Bernice Summerfield and the Doctor did not appear.
Hong Wan
Nathaniel Shio Hong Wan (Chinese: 温绍康; pinyin: Wēn Shàokāng; born 17 August 2000), commonly known as Hong Wan, is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Malaysia Super League side Johor Darul Ta'zim.

2022 Malaysia Super League
The 2022 Malaysia Super League (Malay: Liga Super Malaysia 2022), is the 19th season of the Malaysia Super League, the top-tier professional football league in Malaysia for association football clubs since its establishment in 2004, and the 41st season of top-flight Malaysia football overall.

The defending champions from the 2021 Malaysia Super League season is Johor Darul Ta'zim.
Stan Smith
Stanley Roger Smith (born December 14, 1946) is an American former professional tennis player. A world No. 1 player and two-time major singles champion (at the 1971 US Open and 1972 Wimbledon Championships), Smith also paired with Bob Lutz to create one of the most successful doubles teams of all-time.

In 1970, Smith won the inaugural year-end championships title. In 1972, he was the year-end world No. 1 singles player. In 1973, he won his second and last year end championship title at the Dallas WCT Finals. In addition, he won four Grand Prix Championship Series titles.

In his early years he improved his tennis game through lessons from Pancho Segura, the Pasadena Tennis Patrons, and the sponsorship of the Southern California Tennis Association headed by Perry T. Jones. Smith is a past President of the International Tennis Hall of Fame and an ITHF Life Trustee. Outside tennis circles, Smith is best known as the namesake of a line of tennis shoes made by Adidas.

World number 1 ranked male tennis players
World number 1 ranked male tennis players is a year-by-year listing of the male tennis players who were ranked as world No. 1 by various contemporary and modern sources. The annual source rankings from which the No. 1 players are drawn are cited for each player's name, with a summary of the most important tennis events of each year also included. If world rankings are not available, recent rankings by tennis writers for historical years are accessed, with the dates of the recent rankings identified. In the period 1948–1953, when contemporary professional world rankings were not created, the U.S. professional rankings are cited.
2005 Grand Prix of Cleveland
The 2005 Champ Car Grand Prix of Cleveland was the fifth round of the 2005 Bridgestone Presents the Champ Car World Series Powered by Ford season, held on June 26, 2005 at Burke Lakefront Airport in Cleveland, Ohio. Due to the controversy at the 2005 United States Grand Prix held at Indianapolis a week earlier, any fan who had a ticket to the 2005 United States GP was granted free admission to this race.  Paul Tracy swept both the pole and the race win, his second victory of the season.

2005 Champ Car World Series
The 2005 Bridgestone Presents the Champ Car World Series Powered by Ford season was the 27th overall and the second season of the Champ Car World Series era of American open-wheel racing. It began on April 10, 2005 in Long Beach, California and ended on November 6 in Mexico City, Mexico after 13 races. The Bridgestone Presents the Champ Car World Series Powered by Ford Drivers' Champion was Sébastien Bourdais, his second consecutive championship. The Rookie of the Year was Timo Glock. The season saw the Lola B02/00 (which debuted in 2002) become the sole chassis for the series.
Reginald Franklin
Reginald Carey Franklin (30 April 1880 – 25 June 1957) was an English cricketer.  Franklin was a right-handed batsman who bowled leg break.  He was born at Radford, Warwickshire, and was educated at Repton School.

Franklin made a single first-class appearance for Warwickshire against Derbyshire at North Road Ground, Glossop in the 1900 County Championship. Warwickshire won the toss and elected to bat, making 118 all out.  Franklin, who captained Warwickshire in what was his only appearance in first-class cricket, was dismissed for a duck by Billy Bestwick.  In a match heavily affected by rain, Derbyshire reached 67/5 before the match was declared a draw.

He died at Saltdean, Sussex, on 25 June 1957.

Repton School
Repton School is a 13–18 co-educational, private, boarding and day school in the public school tradition, in Repton, Derbyshire, England.

Sir John Port of Etwall, on his death in 1557, left funds to create a grammar school which was then established at the Repton Priory. For its first 400 years, the school accepted only boys; girls were admitted from the 1970s, and the school was fully co-educational by the 1990s.

Notable alumni, also known as "Old Reptonians", include C. B. Fry, Harold Abrahams, Christopher Isherwood, Jeremy Clarkson, Andy Wilman, Roald Dahl, Adrian Newey and Archbishop Lord Ramsey of Canterbury.
Rancho Azusa de Duarte
Rancho Azusa de Duarte was a 6,596-acre (26.69 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Los Angeles County, California, given in 1841 by Governor Juan Alvarado to Andres Duarte, a former Mexican corporal.  Cities that have been established on the Rancho lands originally granted to Andres Duarte include  Arcadia, portions of Monrovia, all of Bradbury, all of Duarte, portions of Irwindale, portions of Azusa and a portion of Baldwin Park.

Monrovia, California
Monrovia is a city in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains in the San Gabriel Valley of Los Angeles County, California, United States. Monrovia is the fourth-oldest general-law city in Los Angeles County and the L.A. Basin (after Los Angeles, Santa Monica, and Pasadena, all now charter cities). Incorporated in 1887, it has grown from a sparse community of orange ranches to a residential community of over 37,000. The population was 37,931 at the 2020 census.
CARD-CC family
The CARD-CC protein family is defined by an evolutionary conserved "caspase activation and recruitment domain" (CARD) and a coiled-coil (CC) domain. Coiled-coils (CC) act as oligomerization domains for many proteins such as structural and motor proteins, and transcription factors. This means that monomers are converted to macromolecular complexes by polymerization. In humans and other jawed vertebrates, the family consists of CARD9 and the three "CARD-containing MAGUK protein" (CARMA) proteins CARD11 (CARMA1), CARD14 (CARMA2) and CARD10 (CARMA3). Although the MAGUK protein DLG5 contains both a CARD domain and a CC domain, it does not belong to the same family as the CARD-CC proteins since the evolutionary origin of its CARD domain is very likely to be different.

Lymphocyte
A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell (leukocyte) in the immune system of most vertebrates. Lymphocytes include T cells (for cell-mediated and cytotoxic adaptive immunity), B cells (for humoral, antibody-driven adaptive immunity), and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs; "innate T cell-like" cells involved in mucosal immunity and homeostasis), of which natural killer cells are an important subtype (which functions in cell-mediated, cytotoxic innate immunity). They are the main type of cell found in lymph, which prompted the name "lymphocyte" (with cyte meaning cell). Lymphocytes make up between 18% and 42% of circulating white blood cells.
Gmina Wolin
Gmina Wolin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolin, which lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) south-west of Kamień Pomorski and 48 km (30 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 327.41 square kilometres (126.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 12,351 (out of which the population of Wolin amounts to 4,878, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,473).

Kamień Pomorski
Kamień Pomorski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkamjɛɲ pɔˈmɔrskʲi]; Kashubian: Kamiéń; German: Cammin or Kammin) is a spa town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship of north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It is the seat of an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kamień County which lies approximately 63 km (39 mi) to the north of the regional capital Szczecin. It is the second seat of the Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień and the deanery of Kamień.

In 2015 the town had a population of 8,921 inhabitants.
Portrait of Juana of Austria and a Young Girl
The Portrait of Juana of Austria and a Young Girl is a full-length portrait executed by the Italian sixteenth-century artist Sofonisba Anguissola. It was one of Anguissola's first paintings after arriving at the Spanish court, where she was official painter to the  queen of Spain, Isabel de Valois. In a letter to the artist Bernardo Campi, she said that the painting was for the Pope, who was then Pius IV.

Juana of Austria (1535–1573) was the Queen Regent of Spain, and daughter of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.

The Portrait of Juana of Austria and a Young Girl is in the collection of the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston, United States.

Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum
The Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum is an art museum in Boston, Massachusetts, which houses significant examples of European, Asian, and American art. Its collection includes paintings, sculpture, tapestries, and decorative arts. It was founded by Isabella Stewart Gardner, whose will called for her art collection to be permanently exhibited "for the education and enjoyment of the public forever."

The museum opened in 1903. An auxiliary wing designed by Italian architect Renzo Piano, adjacent to the original structure near the Back Bay Fens, was completed in 2012.

In 1990, thirteen of the museum's works were stolen; the crime remains unsolved, and the works, valued at an estimated $500 million, have not been recovered.
Manamadurai Junction railway station
Manamadurai Junction railway station (station code: MNM) is an NSG–5 category Indian railway junction station in Madurai railway division of Southern Railway zone. It serves the city of Manamadurai, located in Sivaganga district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the one among the two major railway junctions in Sivaganga district and the other major one is Karaikudi Junction. Manamadurai junction is the only four branched junction in the district. It has totally 5 platforms, in which only 3 are functioning and last two are used for docking unscheduled and freight trains.

Tiruchchirappalli Junction railway station
Tiruchchirappalli Junction railway station (also known as Trichy Junction railway station)(station code: TPJ) is an NSG–2 category Indian railway station in Tiruchirappalli railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a junction station in Tiruchirappalli of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the only railway station to host diesel–electric multiple unit (DEMU) shed. Tiruchirappalli Junction is the second largest railway station in Tamil Nadu and one of the busiest railway stations in India.
ESV-Stadion
ESV-Stadion (formerly known as Tuja-Stadion from 2008 to 2010) is an 11,418 capacity stadium in Ingolstadt, Germany. It is primarily used for football and was the home of ESV Ingolstadt until they merged with MTV Ingolstadt to become FC Ingolstadt 04. It also hosted four football matches during the 1972 Summer Olympics. The stadium was modified in 2008 to suit 2nd division criteria. A new stadium was built and completed before the 2010/11 season.

ESV Ingolstadt
The ESV Ingolstadt is a general sports club in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, formed on 15 February 1919.

Until 2004, the club operated a football department but after a merger with local rival MTV Ingolstadt to form FC Ingolstadt 04 the footballers left for the new club.

The club has over 1,600 members in 21 sports departments. The club is associated with the German railways, as evident by the term railway sports club in its name (German: Eisenbahner Sportverein), and is a member of the Association of German railway sports clubs, the VDES.
Perrie (album)
Perrie is the first solo studio album by the English singer Perrie, released on 26 September 2025 by Columbia Records. For the album, Perrie collaborated with several producers, including Andrew Goldstein, Tre Jean-Marie, the Nocturns, and Ido Zmishlany, among others. Perrie is primarily a pop record, with varied influences from the singer's childhood and multiple eras of popular music. To support the album, three singles were released: the UK top ten "Forget About Us", "You Go Your Way", and "If He Wanted to He Would".

Perrie was met with mixed reception among critics; praise was directed towards her vocals and the album's overall production, while criticism deemed it as impersonal and generally safe. Commercially, the album reached number three in Scotland and the United Kingdom, while reaching the top fifty in Ireland, the Netherlands, and Wallonia.

Before You Exit
Before You Exit is an American pop rock band originally from Orlando, Florida, now based in Los Angeles, California. It consists of brothers Connor, Riley, and Toby McDonough.

In August 2009, they self-released their debut EP, A Short Story Long. In March 2011, they released their second EP, Letting Go, and their third EP, I Like That, was released in February 2013. In July 2015, they released their single, "Model". Before You Exit's latest EP, All the Lights, was released on April 8, 2016. Since All the Lights, the band released two singles, "Find Yourself" (in collaboration with Great Good Fine Ok) and "Strangers", before releasing their first album, Love, Pain, & Retrospect in June 2019.
Host Island
Host Island is an island lying immediately southeast of Manciple Island in the Wauwermans Islands, in the Wilhelm Archipelago, Antarctica. It was shown on an Argentine government chart of 1950. The island was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1958 after The Host, one of the characters in Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales.

Wauwermans Islands
Wauwermans Islands is a group of small, low, snow-covered islands forming the northernmost group in the Wilhelm Archipelago. Discovered by a German expedition 1873–74, under Dallmann. Sighted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, under Gerlache, and named for Lieutenant General Wauwermans, president of the Société Royale Belge de Géographie, a supporter of the expedition.
FC Etar 1924 Veliko Tarnovo
Professional Football Club Etar 1924 (Bulgarian: Професионален футболен клуб "Етър 1924"), commonly referred to as Etar 1924 Veliko Tarnovo, is a former Bulgarian professional football club based in Veliko Tarnovo. They were last competing in the 2012–13 season of the Bulgarian A Professional Football Group, the top tier of professional football in Bulgaria. The club replaced the old FC Etar (Veliko Tarnovo), which won the Bulgarian championship in 1991.

The club's home ground had been Ivaylo Stadium since 1958, and their main nicknames were the Bolyars and the Violets, the latter in reference to the colour of their home kit, which was often mistaken for purple.

The club folded following the end of the 2012–13 A PFG due to financial difficulties. Etar Veliko Tarnovo acquired the license of Botev Debelets and played in the Bulgarian V AFG in the 2013/14 season.

Second Professional Football League (Bulgaria)
The Bulgarian Second Professional Football League (Bulgarian: Втора професионална футболна лига, romanized: Vtora Profesionalna Futbolna Liga), also known as Second League (Bulgarian: Втора Лига) or Vtora liga (currently known as Mr. Bit Second League for sponsorship reasons), is the second level of the Bulgarian football league system, below First League and above the Third League. Twenty teams take part in the league, each playing twice against all the other, once home and once away. Most matches are played on Saturdays and Sundays. The league is administered by the Bulgarian Professional Football League.

In 2016, the B Group's name was rebranded to Second Professional Football League.