hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jenny Bhatt
Jenny Bhatt (born September 18, 1972) is an Indian American writer, literary translator, and literary critic. She is the author of an award-winning story collection, Each of Us Killers, an award-shortlisted literary translation, Ratno Dholi: The Best Stories of Dhumketu, and the literary translation, The Shehnai Virtuoso and Other Stories by Dhumketu. She is the founder of Desi Books, a global multimedia platform for South Asian literature. In 2025, she was awarded a National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) Translation Fellowship.

Los Angeles Review of Books
The Los Angeles Review of Books (LARB) is a literary review magazine covering the national and international book scenes. A preview version launched on Tumblr in April 2011, and the official website followed one year later in April 2012. A print edition premiered in May 2013.

Founded by Tom Lutz, Chair of the Creative Writing Department at the University of California, Riverside, the Review seeks to redress the decline in Sunday book supplements by creating an online “encyclopedia of contemporary literary discussion.”
Manawatū District
Manawatū District (officially Manawatu District) is a territorial authority district in the Manawatū-Whanganui local government region in the North Island of New Zealand, administered by Manawatu District Council. It includes most of the area between the Manawatū River in the south and the Rangitīkei River in the north, stretching from slightly south of the settlement of Himatangi in the south, to just south of Mangaweka in the north, and from the Rangitīkei River to the top of the Ruahine Range in the east. It does not include the Foxton area and the mouth of the Manawatū River, or Palmerston North City (which includes Ashhurst). Its main town is Feilding. The district has an area of 2,624 km².

Himatangi
Himatangi is a small settlement in the Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located at the junction of State Highways 1 and 56, 25 kilometres west of Palmerston North, and seven kilometres east of the coastal settlement of Himatangi Beach.

The area has two marae:

Motuiti Marae and its Rakau or Paewai meeting house is affiliated with the Rangitāne hapū of Ngāti Mairehau and the Ngāti Raukawa hapū of Ngāti Rākau.

Paranui Marae and its Turanga meeting house is affiliated with the Ngāti Raukawa hapū of Ngāti Te Au and Ngāti Tūranga.

About 50 Māori land blocks are located between Himatangi and Foxton to the south.
2018 Tunis Open
The 2018 Tunis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the tenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tunis, Tunisia between 16 and 22 April 2018.

Tunis Open
The Kia Tunis Open is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Tennis Club de Tunis (TCT) in Tunis, Tunisia, since 2002. After a two year absence, the event made its return on the Challenger tour in 2022.

Simone Bolelli is the record singles holder with two wins.
Cerro Tanaro
Cerro Tanaro is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Turin and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Asti.

Cerro Tanaro borders the following municipalities: Castello di Annone, Masio, Quattordio, and Rocchetta Tanaro.

Asti
Asti (UK: /ˈæsti/ AST-ee, US: /ˈɑːsti/ AH-stee; Italian: [ˈasti] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Ast [ˈɑst]) is a comune (municipality) of 74,348 inhabitants (1–1–2021) located in the Italian region of Piedmont, about 55 kilometres (34 miles) east of Turin, in the plain of the Tanaro River. It is the capital of the province of Asti and it is deemed to be the modern capital of Montferrat.
1971 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
The 1971 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship was the eighth staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964.

Cork entered the championship as defending champions.

On 19 September 1971, Cork won the championship following a 3-10 to 0-3 defeat of Fermanagh in the All-Ireland final. This was their second All-Ireland title overall and their second in succession.

1970 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship
The 1970 All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship was the seventh staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964. The championship ran from 5 April to 4 October 1970.

Antrim entered the championship as defending champions, however, they were beaten by Derry in the Ulster quarter-final.

The All-Ireland final was played on 4 October 1970 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Cork and Fermanagh, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Cork won the match by 2-11 to 0-09 to claim their first ever All-Ireland U21 title.

Roscommon's Mickey Freyne was the championship's top scorer with 1-17.
Mykhailo Urytskyi
Mykhailo Urytskyi (Ukrainian: Михайло Якович Урицький; born June 3, 1965) is a Ukrainian puppet theater director, and a teacher at The Kyiv National I. K. Karpenko-Kary Theatre, Cinema and Television University.

Mykhailo Urytskyi is a laureate of international festivals and theater awards.

Pyotr Pavlovich Yershov
Pyotr Pavlovich Yershov (Russian: Пётр Па́влович Ершо́в; 6 March [O.S. 22 February] 1815 – 30 August [O.S. 18 August] 1869) was a Russian poet and author of the fairy-tale poem The Little Humpbacked Horse (Konyok-Gorbunok).
Inês Thomas Almeida
Inês Thomas Almeida (born 11 June 1976 in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic) is a Dominican Republic-born Portuguese musicologist, former lyric singer (mezzo-soprano) and former founder of the NGO Berlinda  currently living in Lisbon.

NOVA University Lisbon
NOVA University Lisbon (Portuguese: Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, pronounced [univɨɾsiˈðaðɨ ˈnɔvɐ ðɨ liʒˈβoɐ]), or just NOVA, is a Portuguese public university whose rectorate is located in Campolide, Lisbon. Founded in 1973, it is the newest of the public universities in the Portuguese capital city, earning its name as the "New" (NOVA) University of Lisbon.

The institution has more than 20,000 students, 1,800 professors and staff members distributed through five faculties, three institutes and one school, providing a variety of courses in several fields of knowledge.
Leucostethus
Leucostethus is a genus of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae, in the subfamily Colostethinae. The frogs are found in the western Amazon rainforest.

The members of this genus are unique among the Colostethinae in that both males and females lack dark colouration on the ventral part of their bodies. The genus is named combining the Greek words leukos ('white') and stethos ('chest').

The following species are recognised in the genus Leucostethus:

Leucostethus alacris (Rivero and Granados-Díaz, 1990)

Leucostethus argyrogaster (Morales and Schulte, 1993)

Leucostethus bilsa Vigle et al., 2020

Leucostethus brachistriatus (Rivero and Serna, 1986)

Leucostethus dysprosium (Rivero and Serna, 2000)

Leucostethus fraterdanieli (Silverstone, 1971)

Leucostethus fugax (Morales and Schulte, 1993)

Leucostethus jota Marín-Castaño et al., 2018

Leucostethus ramirezi (Rivero and Serna, 2000)

Leucostethus siapida Grant and Bolívar-García, 2021

Leucostethus yaguara (Rivero and Serna, 1991)

Leucostethus siapida
Leucostethus siapida is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Gorgona Island, in Colombia.

Scientists saw the frog on Gorgona Island, an island in the Pacific Ocean, 35 km southwest of mainland Colombia.

This frog has a light-colored belly and orange pigmentation in the groin and axilla areas. It has white spots on the thighs.

Scientists note that while the frog resembles L. argyrogaster and L. fugax, it is more closely related to L. bilsa, from Ecuador.

The scientists who wrote the first formal description of the frog note that it is vulnerable to extinction per IUCN Red List criteria.
1991 Ronde van Nederland
These are the results for the 31st edition of the Ronde van Nederland cycling race, which was held from August 12 to August 17, 1991. The race started in Dordrecht (South Holland) and finished after 878.6 kilometres in Gulpen (Limburg).

Tour of the Netherlands
The Tour of the Netherlands (Dutch: Ronde van Nederland) is a road bicycle racing stage-race in the Netherlands, founded in 1948.

It was an annual race since 1975. Because of the start of the UCI ProTour in 2005, it was replaced by the Eneco Tour.

The first edition started on April 24, from Dam Square, Amsterdam. The riders finished on May 1, nine days later, in the Olympisch Stadion.

The competition's roll of honor includes the successes of Rik Van Looy, Jan Janssen, Joop Zoetemelk and Laurent Fignon. The record of victories belongs to Gerrie Knetemann.

The race was not held from 2005 to 2024, before returning in 2025 as the Tour of Holland. It is part of the UCI Europe Tour calendar as a 2.1 category event.
Kokubunji, Tokyo
Kokubunji (国分寺市, Kokubunji-shi) is a city located in the western portion of the Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. As of 1 March 2021, the city had an estimated population of 126,791, and a population density of 11,000 persons per km2.  The total area of the city was 11.46 square kilometres (4.42 sq mi).

Western Tokyo
Western Tokyo (東京都西部, Tōkyō-to seibu), known as the Tama area (多摩地域, Tama chiiki), Tama region (多摩地方, Tama-chihō) or toka (都下) locally, in the Tokyo Metropolis consists of 30 ordinary municipalities (cities (市 shi), towns (町 machi) and one village (村 mura)), unlike the eastern part which consists of 23 special wards.

Before it was transferred to Tokyo in 1893, the Tama area, then also still often referred to as the "three Tama" (三多摩, san-Tama) (referring to the West, North and South Tama counties it consisted of) had formed the Northern part of Kanagawa Prefecture.
Panamerican Karate Federation
The Panamerican Karate Federation (PKF) is the governing body of sport karate of about 37 countries of national karate federation in the Americas. The PKF was founded in 1975 with original name PUKO (Panamerican Union of Karate Organization) with 13 countries founder the PUKO in Long Beach, California, USA, and in 1995 it officially change the name to Panamerican Karate Federation. PKF is duly recognized by the World Karate Federation, the largest international governing body of sport karate with over 130 member countries. It is the only karate organization recognised by the International Olympic Committee and has more than ten million members.  The PKF organized juniors and seniors Championship in many countries in Panamerica and participates in WKF World Karate Championships. The President of the PKF is William Millerson.

World Karate Federation
The World Karate Federation (WKF) is an international governing body of sport karate with 198 member countries. It is the only karate organization recognised by the International Olympic Committee and has more than a hundred million members. The WKF organizes their Junior and Senior Karate World Championships, which are each held every other year. The President of the WKF is Antonio Espinós, and the headquarters are located in Madrid, Spain.
Kingsway (cigarette)
Kingsway is a cigarette brand that gained ground January 1959, and is currently owned by conglomerate British American Tobacco, and manufactured by its subsidiary American Express of London/Ardath Tobacco Company. In Ireland, the brand was manufactured by W.D. & H.O. Wills, and in Malaysia, the brand is manufactured by Rothmans International.

Rothmans International
Rothmans International PLC was a British tobacco manufacturer. Its brands included Rothmans, Player's and Dunhill, all of which are still sold (mainly by British American Tobacco). Its international headquarters were in Hill Street, Mayfair, London, and its international operations were run from Denham Place in Denham Village, Buckinghamshire.

The company was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index, but it was acquired by British American Tobacco in 1999. Its business was the strongest in the whole of Europe.
Thermic siphon
Thermic siphons (alt. thermic syphons) are heat-exchanging elements in the firebox or combustion chamber of some steam boiler and steam locomotive designs. As they are directly exposed to the radiant heat of combustion, they have a high evaporative capacity relative to their size. By arranging them near-vertically, they also have good water circulation by means of the thermosyphon effect.

Combustion chamber
A combustion chamber is part of an internal combustion engine in which the fuel/air mix is burned. For steam engines, the term has also been used for an extension of the firebox which is used to allow a more complete combustion process.
State secrets privilege
The state secrets privilege is an evidentiary rule created by United States legal precedent. Application of the privilege results in exclusion of evidence from a legal case based solely on affidavits submitted by the government stating that court proceedings might disclose sensitive information which might endanger national security. United States v. Reynolds, which involved alleged military secrets, was the first case that saw formal recognition of the privilege.

Following a claim of "state secrets privilege", the court rarely conducts an in camera examination of the evidence to evaluate whether there is sufficient cause to support the use of this doctrine. This results in court rulings in which even the judge has not verified the veracity of the assertion. The privileged material is completely removed from the litigation, and the court must determine how the unavailability of the privileged information affects the case.

Classified Information Procedures Act
The Classified Information Procedures Act or CIPA (Pub. L. 96–456, 94 Stat. 2025, enacted October 15, 1980 through S. 1482) is codified as the third appendix to Title 18 of the U.S. Code, the title concerning crimes and criminal procedures. The U.S. Code citation is 18 U.S.C. App. III. Sections 1-16.
Parakkadavu Weir
Parakkadavu Weir (Malayalam: പാറക്കടവ് തടയണ) is a concrete diversion dam constructed across Parakkadavu river in Vellathooval panchayath of Vellathooval village in Idukki district of Kerala, India. Parakkadavu weir is constructed as a part of Panniar Augmentation Scheme. Spill water from R A Headworks in Mudirappuzha river is partly diverted at Ellackal through a tunnel to Parakkadavu weir. From Parakkadavu weir the water is diverted to Mullakkanam weir and from this weir to Ponmudi reservoir.

Vellathooval Dam
Vellathooval Dam is a diversion dam built on the Muthirappuzha river in Vellathooval village in Devikulam taluk of Idukki district in Kerala, India. The height of the dam from the deepest foundation is 16 metres (52 ft) and length is 75 metres (246 ft). Water from the Sengulam Power House and from the Muthirapuzha river gets released to the Vellathooval dam. Water from this dam is diverted through a canal system to the powerhouse near Panniyar  After the water flow is used to generate hydroelectricity, the water is released back into the river. The dam is one of the major tourist attractions in the Idukki District, Kerala.
Taralga
Taralga is a small village in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, in Upper Lachlan Shire. It is located at the intersection of the Goulburn-Oberon Road and the Laggan-Taralga Road. It is accessible from Oberon to the north, Mittagong to the east, Goulburn to the south, and Crookwell to the west. At the 2016 census, Taralga had a population of 467. Taralga is located relatively close to the famous Wombeyan Caves. The town experiences a volatile climate and is often affected by snow in the winter months.

The population of Taralga has fluctuated over time reflecting the town's fortunes. There were approximately 100 residents in 1863, growing to over 700 by the 1890s. Immediately after the depression of the 1890s, the population shrank to half this size, but recovered by the mid-1950s almost to its peak level. Today the town and its surroundings are home to around 400 people.

Upper Lachlan Shire
Upper Lachlan Shire is a local government area in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire was formed in February 2004 from Crookwell Shire and parts of Mulwaree, Gunning and Yass Shires.

The mayor of Upper Lachlan Shire Council is Cr. Paul Culhane, an unaligned politician.
Dracul (novel)
Dracul is a 2018 horror novel and a prequel novel to Bram Stoker's classic 1897 work Dracula. The book was written by Bram Stoker's great-grandnephew Dacre Stoker and American author J. D. Barker. It is Stoker's second novel, after his 2009 Dracula sequel, Dracula the Un-dead, co-written with Ian Holt.

In its preparation, Stoker and Barker referenced Bram Stoker's notes for Dracula, its manuscript, its Icelandic variant Makt Myrkranna, and the short story Dracula's Guest, while Stoker also visited the locations mentioned in the books and in Bram Stoker's diary. Dracul makes use of the unpublished first 100 pages of Dracula's manuscript. Primarily set in 1868, the novel places a 21-year-old Bram Stoker as its central character, as he journals the sequence of events that led him to facing off with The Count, including Stoker's childhood; Dacre Stoker had previously featured Bram Stoker as a character in Dracula the Un-dead.

Count Dracula
Count Dracula (/ˈdrækjʊlə, -jə-/) is the title character and main antagonist of Bram Stoker's gothic horror novel Dracula (1897). He is considered the prototypical and archetypal vampire in subsequent works of fiction. Aspects of the character are believed by some to have been inspired by the 15th-century Wallachian prince Vlad the Impaler, who was also known as Vlad Dracula, and by Sir Henry Irving and Jacques Damala, actors with aristocratic backgrounds that Stoker had met during his life. Count Dracula is one of the best-known fictional figures of the Victorian era.

One of Dracula's most famous powers is his ability to turn others into vampires by biting them and infecting them with the vampiric disease. Other characteristics have been added or altered in subsequent popular fictional works, including books, films, cartoons, and video games.
Surface chemistry of neural implants
As with any material implanted in the body, it is important to minimize or eliminate foreign body response and maximize effectual integration. Neural implants have the potential to increase the quality of life for patients with such disabilities as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, epilepsy, depression, and migraines. With the complexity of interfaces between a neural implant and brain tissue, adverse reactions such as fibrous tissue encapsulation that hinder the functionality, occur. Surface modifications to these implants can help improve the tissue-implant interface, increasing the lifetime and effectiveness of the implant.

Glial scar
A glial scar formation (gliosis) is a reactive cellular process involving astrogliosis that occurs after injury to the central nervous system. As with scarring in other organs and tissues, the glial scar is the body's mechanism to protect and begin the healing process in the nervous system.

In the context of neurodegeneration, formation of the glial scar has been shown to have both beneficial and detrimental effects. Particularly, many neuro-developmental inhibitor molecules are secreted by the cells within the scar that prevent complete physical and functional recovery of the central nervous system after injury or disease. On the other hand, absence of the glial scar has been associated with impairments in the repair of the blood brain barrier.
Coddington magnifier
A Coddington magnifier is a magnifying glass consisting of a single very thick lens with a central deep groove diaphragm at the equator, thus limiting the rays to those close to the axis, which minimizes spherical aberration. This allows for greater magnification than a conventional magnifying glass, typically 10× up to 20×. Most single lens magnifiers are limited to 5× or so before significant distortion occurs. The drawback is that the diaphragm groove reduces the area seen through the magnifier.

Lens
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made from materials such as glass or plastic and are ground, polished, or molded to the required shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly focus or disperse waves and radiation other than visible light are also called "lenses", such as microwave lenses, electron lenses, acoustic lenses, or explosive lenses.

Lenses are used in various imaging devices such as telescopes, binoculars, and cameras. They are also used as visual aids in glasses to correct defects of vision such as myopia and hypermetropia.
Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata (Giotto)
Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata is a panel painting in tempera by the Italian artist Giotto, painted around 1295–1300 for the Church of Saint Francis in Pisa and it is now in the Musée du Louvre in Paris. It shows an episode from the life of Saint Francis of Assisi, and is 314 cm high (to the top of the triangule) by 162 cm wide. It is signed OPUS IOCTI FLORENTINI ("Work of Florentine Giotto").

Panel painting
A panel painting is a painting made on a flat panel of wood, either a single piece or a number of pieces joined together. Until canvas became the more popular support medium in the 16th century, panel painting was the normal method, when not painting directly onto a wall (fresco) or on vellum (used for miniatures in illuminated manuscripts). Wood panels were also used for mounting vellum paintings.
Excite (web portal)
Excite is a web portal, providing a list of hyperlinks to other websites.

Excite was founded in 1993 and Excite.com was the sixth most visited website in 1997. It merged with @Home Network in 1999 and filed for bankruptcy in 2001 after the bursting of the dot-com bubble; the website went into a steep decline in popularity thereafter. Excite's portal and services were acquired by iWon and then by Ask Jeeves, which was acquired by IAC Inc. Excite continues to be operated by Ask Media Group, while search services are provided through by System1. Excite Japan (エキサイト) is now operated by Excite Holdings.

IWon
iWon.com was a free casual game site and web portal that offered the chance to win cash for charities through activities such as playing online games. iWon started as a web portal, similar to Yahoo!, that entered its users into daily, weekly, and monthly cash prize drawings.  Users earned entry drawings based on a point system for using the website.  Activities that earned points included clicking on links, using the search features and participating in its online games. The site was shut down on January 6, 2016.

Among major early backers of iWon was Viacom, parent of CBS, UPN and MTV. It was last owned by Barry Diller's IAC, as well as Time Warner, parent of CNN, The CW and Cartoon Network.