hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Face negotiation theory
Face negotiation theory is a theory conceived by Stella Ting-Toomey in 1985, to understand how people from different cultures manage rapport and disagreements. The theory posited "face", or self-image when communicating with others, as a universal phenomenon that pervades across cultures. In conflicts, one's face is threatened; and thus the person tends to save or restore his or her face. This set of communicative behaviors, according to the theory, is called "facework".  Since people frame the situated meaning of "face" and enact "facework" differently from one culture to the next, the theory poses a cross-cultural framework to examine facework negotiation. It is important to note that the definition of face varies depending on the people and their culture and the same can be said for the proficiency of facework. According to Ting-Toomey's theory, most cultural differences can be divided by Eastern and Western cultures, and her theory accounts for these differences.

Social organization
In sociology, a social organization is a pattern of relationships between and among individuals and groups. Characteristics of social organization can include qualities such as sexual composition, spatiotemporal cohesion, leadership, structure, division of labor, communication systems, and so on.

Because of these characteristics of social organization, people can monitor their everyday work and involvement in other activities that are controlled forms of human interaction. These interactions include: affiliation, collective resources, substitutability of individuals and recorded control. These interactions come together to constitute common features in basic social units such as family, enterprises, clubs, states, etc. These are social organizations.

Common examples of modern social organizations are government agencies, NGOs, and corporations.
Embree Glacier
Embree Glacier is a 20 nautical miles (37 km; 23 mi) long glacier in the north-central part of Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains, draining the eastern slopes of Mount Hale, Mount Davis and Mount Bentley, the northeast slopes of Mount Anderson, and the northwestern slopes of Probuda Ridge, flowing north-northeastwards and north of Mount Schmid turning east to join Rutford Ice Stream east of Mount Tegge.  Named by the US-ACAN for Maj. Henry Embree, USAF, who participated in the establishment of the South Pole Station in 1956. Embree Glacier is in Antarctica.

Ellsworth Mountains
The Ellsworth Mountains are the highest mountain ranges in Antarctica, forming a 350 km (217 mi) long and 48 km (30 mi) wide chain of mountains in a north to south configuration on the western margin of the Ronne Ice Shelf in Marie Byrd Land. They are bisected by Minnesota Glacier to form the Sentinel Range to the north and the Heritage Range to the south. The former is by far the higher and more spectacular with Mount Vinson (4,892 meters (16,050 ft)) constituting the highest point on the continent. The mountains are located within the Chilean Antarctic territorial claim but outside of the Argentinian and British ones.
Korkeasaari Zoo
Korkeasaari Zoo (Finnish: Korkeasaaren eläintarha), also known as Helsinki Zoo, is the largest zoo in Finland, located in Helsinki. The zoo was first opened in 1889. Today it is operated by a nonprofit foundation.

The zoo is among the most popular places among visitors in Helsinki. A ferry and water buses take visitors to the island of Korkeasaari, where the Zoo is located, during summertime from the Market Square. The zoo is also connected to the mainland via a bridge to the Helsinki district of Mustikkamaa, where there is access to the zoo all year round.

Barbary macaque
The Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus)  is a macaque species native to the Atlas Mountains of Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco, along with a small introduced population in Gibraltar. It is the type species of the genus Macaca. From the Early Pliocene to the Late Pleistocene, until around 85-40,000 years ago, it was widely distributed in Europe. Today, the Barbary macaques in Gibraltar are the only Old World monkeys in Europe. About 300 individuals live on the Rock of Gibraltar. This population appears to be stable or increasing, while the North African population is declining.

The diet of the Barbary macaque consists primarily of plants and insects. Males play an atypical role in rearing young. Because of uncertain paternity, males are integral to raising all infants. Generally, both sexes and all ages contribute in alloparental care of the young. Males live to around 25 years old while females may live up to 30 years.
Donald Brumfield
Donald Alan "Don" Brumfield (born May 24, 1938) is a retired American jockey from Kentucky.

During his thirty-five-year career, Brumfield won 4,573 races in 33,222 rides. He retired from racing in 1989. Brumfield was the "track all-time leading rider in terms of races won (925)" at Churchill Downs, where he won 16 riding titles.  His record was later broken by Pat Day, who won more than 2,000 races at Churchill Downs in his career.  Brumfield rode Kauai King to victory in the 1966 Kentucky Derby.

He was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1996.

Following his retirement from the saddle, Brumfield worked as a racing official at various racetracks.  He most recently served as a steward at Gulfstream Park in Florida for their 2015 winter-spring meet. Brumfield often appears at Churchill Downs for promotions honoring past Kentucky Derby winning jockeys.

Pat Day
Patrick Alan "Pat" Day (born October 13, 1953, in Brush, Colorado) is a retired American jockey. He is a four-time winner of the Eclipse Award for Outstanding Jockey and was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1991 and the Arkansas Sports Hall of Fame in 1999. Day won 9 Triple Crown races and 12 Breeders' Cup races. He was once the leader for career Breeders' Cup wins though he was later surpassed as the events were expanded after he retired.

Pat Day retired in 2005 with 8,803 wins (ranked fourth all-time) and as the all-time leading jockey in money earned. He was a dominant rider on the Kentucky riding circuit and holds all of the career riding records at Churchill Downs and Keeneland. Day's signature wins include winning the inaugural $3 million Breeders' Cup Classic in 1984 aboard Wild Again and his partnership with Easy Goer in a rivalry with Sunday Silence.
Gibraltar, Pennsylvania
Gibraltar is a census-designated place (CDP) in northern Robeson Township in southern Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States. Its population was 680 as of the 2010 census. The community is four miles from Birdsboro and 6.4 miles from downtown Reading. It is served by the Twin Valley School District and is across the Schuylkill River from Exeter.

Birdsboro, Pennsylvania
Birdsboro is a borough in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located along the Schuylkill River 8 miles (13 km) southeast of Reading. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 5,106. Birdsboro's economy had historically been rooted in large foundries and machine shops, none of which remain in operation today.
Marianne Feldhammer
Marianne "Mariandl" Feldhammer (born Marianne Kalss:  14 March 1909 – 15 June 1996) was an Austrian resistance activist during the Nazi years. She was one of the most important women in the (overwhelmingly male) "Willy-Fred" group around Sepp Plieseis. She was the only woman who knew the way to the so-called "Hedgehog" (cave-like hut) used by anti-Nazi partisans, to which by the end of the war she had herself made several deliveries of food and/or messages.

Bad Ischl
Bad Ischl (Austrian German [baːt ˈɪʃl̩]) is a spa town in Austria. It lies in the southern part of Upper Austria, at the river Traun in the centre of the Salzkammergut region. The town consists of the Katastralgemeinden Ahorn, Bad Ischl, Haiden, Jainzen, Kaltenbach, Lauffen, Lindau, Pfandl, Perneck, Reiterndorf and Rettenbach. It is connected to the village of Strobl by the river Ischl, which drains from the Wolfgangsee, and to the Traunsee, into which the stream empties. It is home to the Kaiservilla, summer residence of Austro-Hungarian monarchs Emperor Franz Joseph I and Empress Elisabeth. In 2024, Bad Ischl was one of the European Capitals of Culture – the third city in Austria after Graz (2003) and Linz (2009).
High Bridge Branch
The High Bridge Branch is a branch line that was operated by the Central Railroad of New Jersey (CNJ). As built, the branch started in High Bridge, New Jersey at a connection with the CNJ main line and continued north to iron-ore mines in Morris County. The High Bridge Branch line followed the South Branch Raritan River for much of its length.

Portions of the branch are operated by the Dover and Rockaway River Railroad.

Dover and Rockaway Railroad
The Dover and Rockaway Railroad was a section of railroad track completed in 1881 connecting Dover, NJ and Rockaway, New Jersey. It formed an important link in the developing U.S. railroad system, connecting major trunks to the New York harbor for freight and provided passenger service to central and southern New Jersey.

Much of the line is still active and is operated by the Dover and Rockaway River Railroad to serve local customers.
Coralliophila aedonia
Coralliophila aedonia is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) states that the subgenus Murex (Pseudomurex) has been brought into synonymy with Pseudomurex Monterosato, 1872, leaving the status of  Murex (Pseudomurex) aedonius unchanged. The genus Pseudomurex  in turn has been brought into synonymy with Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 by M. Oliverio in 2008. This genus contains the species Coralliophila (Pseudomurex) aedonia. Therefore, there is good reason to believe that both species are synonyms.

Coralliophila
Coralliophila is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Coralliophilinae, the coral snails, within the family Muricidae, the murex snails and rock snails.

The genus Coralliophila is most probably polyphyletic   and should be restricted to the species most closely related to the type species. Species in the genus Hirtomurex, situated in the Indo-West Pacific are not clearly distinguishable from the species in the genus Coralliophila sensu lato (in the broad sense) found in the Eastern Atlantic.
Pueraria
Pueraria is a genus of 15–20 species of legumes native to south, east, and southeast Asia and to New Guinea and northern Australia. The best known member is kudzu, also called Japanese arrowroot. The genus is named after 19th century Swiss botanist Marc Nicolas Puerari.

Plants in the genus are lianas, shrubs, or climbing herbs, usually with large tuberous roots. Typical habitats include seasonally-dry tropical and subtropical forest, rain forest, forest margins, and scrub vegetation, often on limestone outcrops and in rocky areas.

The genus, as traditionally circumscribed, is polyphyletic, with different species being more related to other species in the tribe Phaseoleae. Current research, reproduced below, splits the genus into five clades, one of which defines the current monophyletic genus.

Pueraria mirifica
Pueraria mirifica, also known as กวาวเครือ kwao krua (among other names), is a plant found in northern and northeastern Thailand and Myanmar.

In Thailand, the plant is known as "kwao krua kao", the 'kao' meaning white which distinguishes Pueraria mirifica from other plants with tuberous roots also sharing the 'kwao krua' designation, such as Butea superba, commonly called kwao krua deng (red) and the 'black' and 'dull grey' kwao krua plants. The species was definitively identified as  Pueraria mirifica in 1952.

Dried and powdered, the tuberous root of Pueraria mirifica has a history of domestic consumption in Thailand in traditional medicine.
Amsterdam Science Park railway station
Amsterdam Science Park is a railway station in the borough Amsterdam-Oost in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The station lies on the Amsterdam–Zutphen railway between the railway stations Amsterdam Muiderpoort and Diemen. The station serves the Science Park Amsterdam and the Watergraafsmeer, as well as Amsterdam University College and the Science Park campus of the University of Amsterdam. The construction of the station started in June 2009 and it was opened on 13 December 2009 by Amsterdam Mayor Job Cohen.

Amsterdam-Oost
Amsterdam-Oost (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɑmstərdɑmˈoːst]) is a borough of Amsterdam, Netherlands, established in May 2010 after a merger of the former boroughs of Zeeburg and Oost-Watergraafsmeer. In 2013, the borough had almost 123,000 inhabitants.
Lachin offensive
The Lachin offensive (Azerbaijani: Laçına hücum əməliyyatı)
was a military operation launched by Azerbaijan against the unrecognized Republic of Artsakh and their Armenian allies along the Armenia–Azerbaijan border during the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, with the suspected goal of taking control of the Lachin corridor. The offensive began in mid-October, when the Azerbaijani forces advanced into Qubadlı and Laçın Districts after capturing Zəngilan. On 25 October, the Azerbaijani forces seized control of the city of Qubadlı.

Lachin
Lachin (Azerbaijani: Laçın, (listen)ⓘ, lit. 'falcon') or Berdzor (Armenian: Բերձոր) is a town in Azerbaijan and the administrative centre of the Lachin District. It is located within the strategic Lachin corridor, linking the Nagorno-Karabakh region with Armenia.

The town was under control of Armenian forces in 1992, during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, and its local Azerbaijani and Kurdish population was expelled, while Armenians settled in. The town came under the de facto control of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, administered as part of its Kashatagh Province. It came under the supervision of the Russian peacekeeping force following the ceasefire agreement that ended the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war. Lachin and the villages of Sus and Zabukh were returned under Azerbaijan's control on August 26, 2022, as part of the 2020 ceasefire agreement.
1990–91 Arkansas Razorbacks men's basketball team
The 1990–91 Arkansas Razorbacks men's basketball team represented the University of Arkansas in the 1990–91 college basketball season. The head coach was Nolan Richardson, serving for his sixth year. The team played its home games in Barnhill Arena in Fayetteville, Arkansas. This was Arkansas's final season in the Southwest Conference. The school joined the Southeastern Conference the next season. The Hogs won their third straight, and final, SWC regular season and conference tournament championships. Arkansas was the #1 seed in the Southeast Regional of the NCAA tournament, and defeated Georgia State, Arizona State, and Alabama, before losing to the Kansas Jayhawks in the Elite Eight.

Nolan Richardson
Nolan Richardson Jr. (born December 27, 1941) is an American former basketball head coach best known for his tenure at the University of Arkansas, where he won the 1994 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament and led the Razorbacks to three Final Fours. Elected to the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame in 2008 and the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2014, Richardson coached teams to winning a Division I Basketball National Championship, an NIT championship, and a Junior College National Championship, making him the only coach to win all three championships. During his 22 seasons of coaching in NCAA Division I, Richardson made a post-season tournament appearance 20 times.
Jacques Chaban-Delmas
Jacques Chaban-Delmas (French: [ʒak ʃabɑ̃ dɛlmas]; 7 March 1915 – 10 November 2000) was a French Gaullist politician. He served as Prime Minister under Georges Pompidou from 1969 to 1972. He was the Mayor of Bordeaux from 1947 to 1995 and a deputy for the Gironde département between 1946 and 1997.

Minister of the Armed Forces (France)
The Minister of the Armed Forces and Veterans Affairs (French: Ministre des Armées et des Anciens combattants, lit. 'Minister of the Armies and Veterans') is the leader and most senior official of the French Ministry of the Armed Forces, tasked with running the French Armed Forces. The minister is the third-highest civilian having authority over France's military, behind the President of the Republic and the Prime Minister. Based on the governments, they may be assisted by a minister or state secretary for veterans' affairs.

The office is considered to be one of the core positions of the Government of France. The previous minister Bruno Le Maire, resigned on 6 October 2025.
Yazeed Abulaila
Yazeed Mo'ien Hasan Abu Layla (Arabic: يَزِيد مُعِين حَسَن أَبُو لَيْلَى; born 8 January 1993) is a Jordanian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Jordanian Pro League side Al-Hussein and the Jordan national team.

Jordan Super Cup
The Jordan Super Cup (Arabic: كأس السوبر الأردنية) is a Jordanian football championship contested by the winners of Jordan Premier League and the Jordan FA Cup. In the event that a team wins both League and the Cup, the runners up of the Cup play against the winner of League, from the 2020 season the runners up of the league  play against the winner of League and the cup.
Jordi Sans
Jordi "Chiqui" Sans Juan (born August 3, 1965 in Barcelona, Catalonia) is a former water polo player from Spain, who was a member of the national team that won the gold medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States. Four years earlier, when his home town of Barcelona hosted the Games, he was on the side that captured the silver medal.

Sans played in five consecutive Summer Olympics for his native country from 1984  to 2000. He is, jointly with Greek Georgios Mavrotas, the fifth athlete to compete in water polo at five Olympics, after Briton Paul Radmilovic, Hungarian Dezső Gyarmati, Italian Gianni De Magistris, and fellow Spaniard Manuel Estiarte. He is also, jointly with fencer Antonio García and shooter Jorge González, the seventh Spaniard to compete at five Olympics, after shooter Eladio Vallduvi, equestrian Luis Álvarez de Cervera, shooter Juan Seguí, water polo player Manuel Estiarte, hurdler Carlos Sala, and sailor José Luis Doreste.

Antonio García (fencer)
Antonio García (born 29 July 1964) is a Spanish fencer. He competed in the sabre events at five consecutive Olympic Games between 1984 and 2000. He won a bronze medal in the individual sabre event at the 1991 Mediterranean Games.
WWE The Music
Music albums in the WWE The Music series, formerly the WWF The Music series, include:

WWF Full Metal: The Album, 1995, considered to be Volume 1

WWF The Music, Volume 2 in 1997

WWF The Music, Volume 3 in 1998

WWF The Music, Volume 4 in 1999

WWF The Music, Vol. 5 in 2001

ThemeAddict: WWE The Music, Vol. 6 in 2004

WWE The Music, Volume 7 in 2007

WWE The Music, Volume 8 in 2008

Voices: WWE The Music, Vol. 9 in 2009

WWE The Music: A New Day, Vol. 10 in 2010

WWE The Music: The Beginning, 2012

WWF The Music, Vol. 5
WWF The Music, Vol. 5 is a soundtrack album by WWE (then known as the World Wrestling Federation, or WWF). Released on February 20, 2001, by Koch Records (now eOne Records), it features entrance theme music of various WWE superstars, all of which were composed and performed by Jim Johnston (with the exception of one song, performed by Motörhead). The album was a commercial success, charting at number two on the US Billboard 200.
Semyon Dezhnev
Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnyov (Russian: Семён Ива́нович Дежнёв, IPA: [sʲɪˈmʲɵn ɨˈvanəvʲɪdʑ dʲɪʐˈnʲɵf]; sometimes spelled Dezhnev; c. March 7, 1605 – 1673) was a Russian zemleprokhodets, an explorer of Siberia and the first European to sail through the Bering Strait, 80 years before Vitus Bering did. In 1648 he sailed from the Kolyma River on the Arctic Ocean to the Anadyr River on the Pacific. His exploit was forgotten for almost a hundred years and Bering is usually given credit for discovering the strait that bears his name.

Chukchi Peninsula
The Chukchi Peninsula (also Chukotka Peninsula or Chukotski Peninsula; Russian: Чуко́тский полуо́стров, Chukotskiy poluostrov, short form Russian: Чуко́тка, Chukotka), at about 66° N 172° W, is the easternmost peninsula of Asia.
Stange Commons
Stange Commons (Norwegian: Stange almenning) is a municipal commons in the southern part of Stange Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The common area stretches from the lake Mjøsa eastward to the traditional district of Odalen (the modern municipalities of Sør-Odal and Nord-Odal).

The Stange Commons and the neighboring Romedal Commons (in the old Romedal Municipality; now part of Stange Municipality) are municipal commons located adjacent to one another in east-central Innlandet county. The boundaries of the commons stretch from the Akershus county border in the south, along lake Mjøsa to the west, to the city of Hamar in the west and north and to Solør in the east. The Romedal Commons has a total area of 2,450 square kilometres (950 sq mi) and the Stange Commons has a total area of 1,250 square kilometres (480 sq mi).

Romedal Municipality
Romedal is a former municipality in the old Hedmark county, Norway. The 385-square-kilometre (149 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now part of Stange Municipality in the traditional district of Hedmarken. The administrative centre was the village of Romedal where Romedal Church is located. Other villages in Romedal included Ilseng and Starhellinga. The municipality centered around the agriculture and forestry industries.

Prior to its dissolution in 1964, the 385.3-square-kilometre (148.8 sq mi) municipality was the 236th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Romedal Municipality was the 125th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 6,497. The municipality's population density was 16.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (44/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 1% over the previous 10-year period.
R. M. Blues
"R. M. Blues" is a blues song written by Roy Milton and performed by Roy Milton and His Solid Senders. It was released on the Juke Box label and Specialty labels, as well as Milton's own Roy Milton Record Co. Milton played drums and sang on the record.

The song peaked at No. 2 on Billboard's race record chart and remained on that chart for 25 weeks. It ranked No. 5 on the magazine's year-end list of the most played race records of 1946. The song was kept from the No. 1 spot by  Lionel Hampton's "Hey! Ba-Ba-Re-Bop". The success of "R. M. Blues" was credited with making Specialty Records into a going concern.

Hey! Ba-Ba-Re-Bop
"Hey! Ba-Ba-Re-Bop" is a 1946 song by Lionel Hampton and His Orchestra.  The song's lead vocals were performed by Lionel Hampton himself and the recording featured Herbie Fields on alto sax.  The song went to number one on the R&B Juke Box chart for sixteen non-consecutive weeks and reached number nine on the national pop charts.

Although the writing of "Hey! Ba-Ba-Re-Bop" was credited to Hampton and his drummer Curley Hamner, it was essentially a partial rewriting of Helen Humes' 1945 R&B hit "Be-Baba-Leba", which in turn was closely related to "Ee-Bobaliba" by Jim Wynn.
Tomato soup
Tomato soup is a soup with tomatoes as the primary ingredient. It can be served hot or cold, and may be made in a variety of ways.  It may be smooth in texture, and there are also recipes that include chunks of tomato, cream, chicken or vegetable stock, vermicelli, chunks of other vegetables and meatballs. Many countries have their own versions of tomato soup which all vary in taste, portions and ingredients.

Broth
Broth, also known as bouillon (French pronunciation: [bujɔ̃] ⓘ), is a savory liquid made of water in which meat, fish, or vegetables have been simmered for a period of time. It can be eaten alone, but it is most commonly used to prepare other dishes, such as soups, gravies, and sauces.

Commercially prepared liquid broths are available, typically chicken, beef, fish, and vegetable varieties. Dehydrated broth in the form of bouillon cubes was commercialized beginning in the early 20th century.