hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2007 NCAA Division II football season
The 2007 NCAA Division II football season, part of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association at the Division II level, began on August 30, 2007, and concluded with the NCAA Division II Football Championship on December 15, 2007 at Braly Municipal Stadium in Florence, Alabama, hosted by the University of North Alabama. The Valdosta State Blazers defeated the Northwest Missouri State Bearcats, 25–20, to win their second Division II national title.

2007 was the final season for one of the division's oldest conferences, the North Central Conference (NCC).

The Harlon Hill Trophy was awarded to Danny Woodhead, running back from Chadron State, for the second consecutive year.

University of North Alabama
The University of North Alabama (UNA) is a public university in Florence, Alabama, United States. It is the state's oldest university. Occupying a 130-acre (0.5 km2) campus in a residential section of Florence, UNA is located within a four-city area that also includes Tuscumbia, Sheffield and Muscle Shoals. The four cities compose a metropolitan area with a combined population of 140,000 people.

The University of North Alabama was one of about 180 "normal schools" founded by state governments in the 19th century to train teachers for the rapidly growing public common schools. Some closed but most steadily expanded their role and became state colleges in the early 20th century and state universities in the late 20th century. It was founded as LaGrange College in 1830. It was reestablished in 1872 as the first state-supported teachers college south of the Ohio River. A year later, it became one of the nation's first coeducational colleges.
Petalosarsia
Petalosarsia is a crustacean genus in the family Pseudocumatidae, comprising three species:

Petalosarsia brevirostris Gamo, 1986

Petalosarsia declivis (Sars, 1865)

Petalosarsia longirostris Jones, 1973

Pseudocumatidae
Pseudocumatidae is a family of crustaceans of the order Cumacea. Its members have a small, free telson. The uropods bear endopods (interior branch) on one segment. The males have two pairs of rather rudimentary pleopods and the flagella of the second antenna reach far beyond the pereon. In females the second antenna is much smaller than the first antenna.
Tall-e Gav
Tall-e Gav (Persian: تل گاو, also Romanized as Tall-e Gāv) is a village in Jereh Rural District, Jereh and Baladeh District, Kazerun County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 608, in 126 families.

Jereh Rural District (Kazerun County)
Jereh Rural District (Persian: دهستان جره) is in Jereh and Baladeh District of Kazerun County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Jereh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Baladeh, now the city of Valashahr.
William Salmon (politician)
William Salmon (June 2, 1802 – February 8, 1868) was an English-born lawyer, judge and political figure in Upper Canada. He represented Norfolk in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada from 1838 to 1841 as a Conservative.

He was born in Alveston, the son of Colonel George Salmon, and came to Upper Canada with his parents in 1809. Salmon studied law with John Rolph and practised for a time in London before settling in Simcoe. He was married twice: first to Emma, a sister of John Rolph, and then to a daughter of a James Fraser. He served as a major in the Norfolk militia. Salmon was elected to the assembly in an 1838 by-election held after John Rolph was expelled from the assembly for conspiring with the rebels during the Upper Canada Rebellion. He was named a judge in the Norfolk County Court in 1845. Salmon died in Simcoe.

Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada
The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada was the elected part of the legislature for the province of Upper Canada, functioning as the lower house in the Parliament of Upper Canada.  Its legislative power was subject to veto by the appointed Lieutenant Governor, Executive Council, and Legislative Council.

The first elections in Upper Canada, in which only land-owning males were permitted to vote, were held in August 1792.

The first session of the Assembly's sixteen members was held in Newark, Upper Canada (today's Niagara-on-the-Lake) on 17 September 1792. The Assembly was dissolved in 1796 and reconvened for twelve more sessions between 1797 and 1840 in modest buildings in York, the new capital of Upper Canada. Members continued to be elected by land-owning males to represent counties and the larger towns.

During the War of 1812, U.S. troops won the Battle of York and burned down the government buildings.
Terminal Station (Macon, Georgia)
Terminal Station, Macon, Georgia, is a railroad station that was built in 1916, and is located on 5th St. at the end of Cherry St. It was designed in the Beaux-Arts style by architect Alfred T. Fellheimer (1875–1959), prominent for his design of Grand Central Terminal in New York City in 1903. The station building is part of the Macon Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. While no longer an active train station, it has been the location of the Macon Transit Authority bus hub since 2014.

Macon Historic District (Macon, Georgia)
The Macon Historic District is a  historic district in Macon, Georgia that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and was expanded in 1995.  The original listing covered 587 acres (238 ha) and included 1,050 contributing resources; the increase added 101 acres (41 ha) and 157 contributing resources (of which 10 acres and 10 contributing buildings were already listed on the National Register in the Macon Railroad Industrial District).: 17–19

Macon was founded in 1823 in Bibb County on the bank of the Ocmulgee River.  Many buildings reflect the 19th-century Greek Revival and Victorian styles of architecture.  The district has commercial, government, educational, and residential buildings.  The majority of their architectural features have been preserved.

A total of 1047 buildings, two structures, and one object contribute to the Macon Historical District.  Several of the contributing properties are separately listed on the NRHP.
Ptychadena ingeri
Ptychadena ingeri is a species of frog in the family Ptychadenidae. The species is native to the northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo where it is known from the Garamba National Park. It is likely to occur more widely, possibly reaching into South Sudan. It is named after Robert F. Inger, an American zoologist from the Field Museum of Natural History. The common name Inger's grassland frog has been coined for it.

Garamba National Park
Garamba National Park (French: Parc national de la Garamba) is a national park in the north-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo covering nearly 5,200 km2 (2,000 sq mi). It is among Africa's oldest parks and was designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1980 for its protection of critical habitat for northern white rhinoceroses, African elephants, hippopotamuses, and giraffes. Garamba National Park has been managed by African Parks in partnership with the Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature since 2005.
Gigatron TTL
The Gigatron TTL is a retro-style 8-bit computer, where the CPU is implemented by a set of TTL chips instead of a single microprocessor, imitating the hardware present in early arcades. Its target is the computing enthusiasts, for studying or hobby purposes.

Retro style
Retro style is imitative or consciously derivative of lifestyles, trends, or art forms from the past, including in music, modes, fashions, or attitudes. It has been argued that there is a nostalgia cycle in popular culture.
1987 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships
The 1987 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships (1987 WJHC) was the 11th edition of the Ice Hockey World Junior Championship and was held in Piešťany, Trenčín, Nitra, and Topoľčany, Czechoslovakia. Finland captured its first World Junior gold medal, Czechoslovakia took silver, and Sweden the bronze. The tournament is most remembered, however, for how the medals were allocated.

Trenčín
Trenčín (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈtrentʂiːn] ⓘ, also known by other alternative names) is a city in western Slovakia of the central Váh River valley near the Czech border, around 95 km (59 mi) from Bratislava. It has a population of more than 55,000, which makes it the eighth largest municipality of the country and is the seat of the Trenčín Region and the Trenčín District. It has a medieval castle, Trenčín Castle, on a rock above the city.

Trenčín is chosen as the European Capital of Culture in 2026.
Timeline of cosmological theories
This timeline of cosmological theories and discoveries is a chronological record of the development of humanity's understanding of the cosmos over the last two-plus millennia. Modern cosmological ideas follow the development of the scientific discipline of physical cosmology.

For millennia, what today is known to be the Solar System was regarded as the contents of the "whole universe", so advances in the knowledge of both mostly paralleled. Clear distinction was not made until circa mid-17th century. See Timeline of Solar System astronomy for further details on this side.

Isotropy
In physics and geometry, isotropy (from Ancient Greek  ἴσος (ísos) 'equal' and  τρόπος (trópos) 'turn, way') is uniformity in all orientations. Precise definitions depend on the subject area. Exceptions, or inequalities, are frequently indicated by the prefix a- or an-, hence anisotropy. Anisotropy is also used to describe situations where properties vary systematically, dependent on direction. Isotropic radiation has the same intensity regardless of the direction of measurement, and an isotropic field exerts the same action regardless of how the test particle is oriented.
Peter Deriashnyj
Peter Deriashnyj (born Petro Fedorovych Deriazhnyi) is a Ukrainian Australian bandurist, composer of secular and sacred music, and choral conductor. He specializes in the Kharkiv style of bandura playing, but also plays folk and rock guitar.

Deriashnyj was born in Calden, Germany and grew up in Newcastle, New South Wales and moved to Sydney to further his professional career and musical education. He studied music theory, composition and voice in Sydney and later became conductor of the Hnat Khotkevych Ukrainian Bandurist Ensemble (1972–), the Boyan Ukrainian Choir (1982–1996), the Suzwittia Women's Ensemble (1986–1991), the Strathfield Orthodox Parish choir (1980–2007); and musical director and conductor of the Ivasiuk Folk Ensemble (1984–2000).

Ukrainian Australians
Ukrainian Australians refers to Australian citizens of Ukrainian descent, or Ukraine-born people who immigrated to Australia. They are an ethnic minority in Australia, numbering about 38,000 people according to the 2011 Census. Currently, the main concentrations of Ukrainians are located in the cities of Sydney and Melbourne.
Desmarestia
Desmarestia, also known as acid weed, acid kelp, acidweed, sea sorrel, mermaid's hair, and landlady's wig is a genus of brown algae found worldwide. However, 'sea sorrel' can also specifically refer to Desmarestia viridis. Members of this genus can be either annual or perennial.  Annual members of this genus store sulfuric acid in intracellular vacuoles. When exposed to air they release the acid, thereby destroying themselves and nearby seaweeds in the process. They are found in shallow intertidal zones.

Ingesting sulfuric acid can cause severe digestive disturbances, but since sulfuric acid tastes extremely sour, members of the genus are unlikely to be eaten in harmful quantities.

The genus was named in honor of Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest.

Nathaniel Lyon Gardner
Nathaniel Lyon Gardner (February 26, 1864 – August 15, 1937), was an American  phycologist and mycologist who taught at the University of California, Berkeley, where he was the curator of the University Herbarium. He is known for his work on seaweeds of the Pacific Coast, as well as on freshwater algae and fungi, and among his publications is the important reference work Algae of Northwestern America.
Remote Play
Remote Play is a native functionality of Sony video game consoles that allow the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5 to wirelessly transmit video and audio output to a receiving device, which would also control the console. Remote Play works either nearby, when both the console and the receiver are on the same home local area network, or remotely via the Internet through Sony's servers.

Originally built for connectivity with PlayStation Portable, support was later expanded to other Sony devices including PlayStation Vita, PlayStation TV, Xperia smartphones and tablets, and PlayStation Now. In 2016, it was expanded to Microsoft Windows PCs and macOS, and in 2019 to all Android and iOS devices. Remote Play is a mandatory feature on all PS4 and PS5 games, except for games that utilize peripherals such as PlayStation Move.

DualShock
The DualShock (originally Dual Shock, trademarked as DUALSHOCK or DUAL SHOCK, with the PlayStation 5 version as DualSense) is a line of gamepads developed by Sony Interactive Entertainment for the PlayStation family of video game consoles. It is named for vibration-feedback and analog controls. Introduced in November 1997, it was initially marketed as a secondary peripheral for the first PlayStation console. The console's bundle was updated to include DualShock, and phase out the original PlayStation controller and the Dual Analog Controller. The DualShock is the best-selling gamepad of all time by units sold, excluding bundled controllers.
Bon Om Touk
Bon Om Touk (Khmer: បុណ្យអុំទូក, Bŏn Om Tuk, lit. "Boat Paddling Festival"), also known as the Cambodian Water and Moon Festival, is celebrated in late October or early November, often corresponding with the lunar Mid-Autumn Festival. It marks the end of the monsoon season. The festivities are accompanied by dragon boat races, similar to those seen in the Lao Boun Suang Huea festival.

The festival is celebrated over the span of three days and commemorates the end of the rainy season, as well as the change in flow of the Tonlé Sap River. The festival attracts several million people each year. Some activities that take place at the festival are boat races along the Sisowath Quay riverfront, fireworks, and evening concerts.

Chenla
Chenla or Zhenla (Chinese: 真臘; pinyin: Zhēnlà; Wade–Giles: Chen-la; Khmer: ចេនឡា, romanized: Chénla, Khmer pronunciation: [ceːnlaː]) is the Chinese designation for the vassal of the kingdom of Funan preceding the Khmer Empire that existed from around the late 6th to the early 9th century in Indochina. The name was still used in the 13th century by the Chinese envoy Zhou Daguan, author of The Customs of Cambodia. It appears on the Mao Kun map. However, modern historiography applies the name exclusively to the period from the late 6th to the early 9th century. This period of Cambodian history is known by historians as the Pre-Angkor period. It is doubted whether Chenla ever existed as a unitary kingdom, or if this is a misconception by Chinese chroniclers. Most modern historians assert that "Chenla" was in fact just a series of loose and temporary confederations of principalities in the pre-Angkor period.
2022 Los Cabos Open
The 2022 Los Cabos Open (known as the Abierto de Tenis Mifel for sponsorship reasons) was an ATP tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourts. It was the 6th edition of the tournament, and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2022 ATP Tour. It took place in Los Cabos, Mexico from 1 through 6 August 2022.

Los Cabos Open
The Los Cabos Open, known as the Mifel Tennis Open, is a professional men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourts. It is part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour. It is held annually in August in Los Cabos, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
Asif ibn Barkhiya
Āṣif bin Barkhiyā (Arabic: آصف بن برخيا) is thought to be the Islamic scriptural figure who brought the Queen of Sheba's throne to King Solomon "...in the twinkling of an eye". Credited with the role of court vizier, it is a story occasionally recounted in Middle Eastern lore, but perhaps more so in occult circles. The figure himself is largely unexpounded, as very few references to him are found in classical texts other than through subtle terms in Chapter 27 of the Qur'an. He is, however, apparent in a number of books that deal with Islamic occultism or Ruhaniyya, and in one that appears to be attributed directly to him (titled, al-Ajnas). In like manner, through the ages he was eminently revered by the Quranic exegetical traditions where the powers he possessed were associated to the Ineffable Name of Allah.

He can be identified as the biblical figure Asaph, son of Berachiah the Gershonite mentioned in 2 Chronicles 20:14.

An-Naml
An-Naml  (Arabic: النمل, romanized: an-naml, lit. 'The Ant') is the 27th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an with 93 verses (āyāt).

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is traditionally believed to be a Meccan surah, from the second Meccan period (615-619 CE).
Linares (Allande)
Linares (Asturian: Ḷḷinares) is a parish (administrative division) in Allande, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. The parish capital, Pola de Allande, is 7 km (4.3 mi) away.

The parish elevation is 520 m (1,710 ft) above sea level. It is 3.84 km2 (1.48 sq mi) in size. The population was 46 as of January 1, 2024.

Pola de Allande
Pola de Allande (Asturian: La Puela) is a town and a parish in Allande, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is surrounded by the Cantabrian mountains. It is the capital of the parish. The town was founded between 1262 and 1268. Oviedo, the capital of Asturias, is 104 km (65 mi) away. The Nison River runs through the middle of the town, known for its trout while now fishing is banned there.

The parish is also home to a 15th-century castle, the Palace of Cienfuegos de Peñalba, based on a hill above the town, which has been a symbol for the city for some time.

The town is located on the Camino Primitivo path of the Camino de Santiago.
Epigeal
Epigeal, epigean, epigeic and epigeous are biological terms describing an organism's activity above the soil surface.

In botany, a seed is described as showing epigeal germination when the cotyledons of the germinating seed expand, throw off the seed shell and become photosynthetic above the ground. The opposite kind, where the cotyledons remain non-photosynthetic, inside the seed shell, and below ground, is hypogeal germination.

The terms epigean, epigeic or epigeous are used for organisms that crawl (epigean), creep like a vine (epigeal), or grow (epigeous) on the soil surface: they are also used more generally for animals that neither burrow nor swim nor fly. The opposite terms are hypogean, hypogeic and hypogeous.

An epigeal nest is a term used for a termite mound, the above ground nest of a colony of termites.

Epigeal germination
Epigeal germination (Ancient Greek ἐπίγαιος [epígaios] 'above ground', from ἐπί [epí] 'on' and γῆ [gê] 'earth, ground') is a botanical term indicating that the germination of a plant takes place above the ground. An example of a plant with epigeal germination is the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). The opposite of epigeal is hypogeal (underground germination).

| Epi: Above + Geo: Earth | + Germination
1997 Cork Junior A Football Championship
The 1997 Cork Junior A Football Championship was the 99th staging of the Cork Junior A Football Championship since its establishment by Cork County Board in 1895. The championship ran from 5 October to 7 December 1997

The final was played on 7 December 1997 at the Carrigadrohid Grounds, between Ballinora and Kiskeam, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Ballinora won the match by 0–12 to 2–05 to claim their first ever championship title.

1895 Cork Junior Football Championship
The 1895 Cork Junior Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Junior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.

The final was played on 13 October 1895 at the Town Park in Mallow, between William O'Briens and Dromtarriffe. William O'Briens won the match by 0–04 to 0–01 to claim their first ever championship title in the grade.
Lost Victories
Verlorene Siege (English: Lost Victories; full title of English edition: Lost Victories: The War Memoirs of Hitler's Most Brilliant General) is the personal narrative of Erich von Manstein, a German field marshal during World War II. The book was first published in West Germany in 1955, then in Spain in 1956. Its English translation was published in 1958 for distribution in the UK and the US.

Many historians have called Verlorene Siege unreliable and apologetic. German historian Volker Berghahn wrote about the book, "Its title gave the story away: it had been Hitler's dogmatism and constant interference with the strategic plans and operational decisions of the professionals that had cost Germany its victory against Stalin".

Ronald Smelser
Ronald Smelser (born 1942) is an American historian, author, and former professor of history at the University of Utah. He specializes in modern European history, including the history of Nazi Germany and the Holocaust, and has written several books on these topics. Smelser is the author, together with fellow historian Edward J. Davies, of the 2008 book The Myth of the Eastern Front: The Nazi-Soviet War in American Popular Culture.
Lyman Glacier (Mount Adams)
Lyman Glacier is located on the north slopes of Mount Adams a stratovolcano in Gifford Pinchot National Forest in the U.S. state of Washington. The glacier is also within the Yakama Indian Reservation and descends from near the summit of Mount Adams at approximately 11,400 ft (3,500 m) to a terminus near 7,800 ft (2,400 m). Below 9,000 ft (2,700 m) the glacier splits into three distinct lobes. Lyman Glacier has been in a general state of retreat for over 100 years and lost 34 percent of its surface area between 1904 and 2006.

Lyman Glacier was named after William Denison Lyman by Claude Ewing Rusk because Lyman was one of the first to describe some of Mount Adams' features and history.

Gifford Pinchot National Forest
Gifford Pinchot National Forest is a national forest located in southern Washington, managed by the United States Forest Service. With an area of 1.32 million acres (5,300 km2), it extends 116 km (72 mi) along the western slopes of Cascade Range from Mount Rainier National Park to the Columbia River. The forest straddles the crest of the South Cascades of Washington State, spread out over broad old-growth forests, high mountain meadows, several glaciers, and numerous volcanic peaks. The forest's highest point is at 12,276 ft (3,742 m) at the top of Mount Adams, the second-tallest volcano in the state after Rainier. Often found abbreviated GPNF on maps and in texts, it includes the 110,000-acre (450 km2) Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, established by Congress in 1982.
2018 Davis Cup World Group play-offs
The 2018 Davis Cup World Group play-offs were held from 14 to 16 September. They were the main play-offs of the 2018 Davis Cup. The winners of the playoffs advance as seeded to the 2019 Davis Cup qualifying round.

2018 Davis Cup
The 2018 Davis Cup was the 107th edition of the Davis Cup, a tournament between national teams in men's tennis. It was sponsored by BNP Paribas. In 2018, new rules were introduced for the Group I and II zonal events, with ties now being played as best-of-three sets over the course of two days.

Croatia won their second Davis Cup on indoor clay in the final match held at 25 November with a 3–1 win over France.