hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1&1 AG
1&1 AG (known until 2 June 2021 as: 1&1 Drillisch Aktiengesellschaft) is a German telecommunications service and landline and mobile telecommunications provider headquartered in Montabaur, Rhineland-Palatinate and listed on the TecDAX. Since 2017, the majority of the company has belonged to United Internet.

At the end of 2021, 1&1 employed 3,167 people and reported revenue of 3.91 billion Euros by the end of the fiscal year. As of 31 December 2021, 1&1 had about 15.4 million customer contracts, 11.2 million of which were for mobile services and 4.2 million for broadband internet. 1&1 Mobilfunk's main competitors are Telekom Deutschland (Deutsche Telekom's German private customer unit), Telefónica Germany and Vodafone Germany.

Montabaur
Montabaur (German pronunciation: [ˈmɔntaˌbaʊɐ] ⓘ) is a town and the district seat of the Westerwaldkreis in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. At the same time, it is also the administrative centre of the Verbandsgemeinde of Montabaur – a kind of collective municipality – to which 24 other communities belong. The town is known throughout the country for its strikingly yellow castle and its InterCityExpress railway station on the Cologne-Frankfurt high-speed rail line.
Blaustein
Blaustein (German pronunciation: [ˈblaʊʃtaɪn]) is a town in the district of Alb-Donau Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It is situated on the Blau River, 6 km west of Ulm and has about 15,000 inhabitants.

Before 1968, Blaustein was known as Herrlingen. It was created in 1968 after the union of Ehrenstein and Klingenstein. During the 1970s, the municipalities of Arnegg, Bermaringen, Dietingen, Herrlingen, Lautern, Markbronn, Weidach and Wippingen became part of the new municipality of Blaustein. Herrlingen was the home of German Jewish educator  Anna Essinger's boarding school, Landschulheim Herrlingen, founded in 1926. In 1933, with the rise of Nazism, Essinger moved the school and, with their parents' permission, the school's 66 Jewish pupils to safety in England.

Alb-Donau-Kreis
Alb-Donau-Kreis is a Landkreis (district) in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Biberach, Reutlingen, Göppingen and Heidenheim, the two Bavarian districts Günzburg and Neu-Ulm, and the city of Ulm.
Warwick L. Nicholas
Warwick Llewellyn Nicholas (1926–2010) was an Australian zoologist known as a pioneer in the field of nematology. He was a foundational member of the Australian Society for Parasitology (ASP) and in 1964, he organised the first ASP meeting. He became President of the Society in 1978, before being an elected Fellow from 1979.

Medical Research Council (United Kingdom)
The Medical Research Council (MRC) is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for co-coordinating and funding medical research in the United Kingdom.

The MRC focuses on high-impact research and has provided the financial support and scientific expertise behind a number of medical breakthroughs, including the development of penicillin and the discovery of the structure of DNA. Research funded by the MRC has produced 32 Nobel Prize winners to date.
Bugei jūhappan
The Bugei jūhappan (武芸十八般 "Eighteen Kinds Of Martial Arts") is a selection of combat techniques and martial arts used by the samurai of Tokugawa-era Japan.  Established by Hirayama Gyozo, the concept is based on earlier Chinese traditions, such as Eighteen Arms of Wushu.

Tantojutsu
Tantōjutsu (短刀術) is a Japanese term for a variety of traditional Japanese knife fighting systems that used the tantō (短刀), as a knife or dagger. Historically, many women used a version of the tantō, called the kaiken, for self-defense, but warrior women in pre-modern Japan learned one of the tantōjutsu arts to fight in battle.
2009 Glasgow North East by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Glasgow North East was held on 12 November 2009, following the resignation of incumbent member of Parliament (MP) Michael Martin both as an MP and as Speaker of the House of Commons following the MPs' expenses scandal. It was won by Willie Bain of the Labour Party with 59% of the vote.

It is general convention that mainstream political parties do not contest elections against sitting Speakers of the House of Commons. As such, Martin won the seat without his former Labour Party label since he was elected Speaker in 2000 and neither the Conservative nor Liberal Democrat parties had fought the constituency—or its predecessor, Glasgow Springburn—in either 2001 or 2005.

Just 33% of the electorate voted, which is the lowest ever percentage turnout in a Scottish by-election to the House of Commons. This was the last by-election of the 2005–2010 parliament.

Glasgow Springburn (UK Parliament constituency)
Glasgow Springburn was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 until the 2005 general election, when it was largely replaced by the Glasgow North East constituency.

The last and longest-serving Member of Parliament, Michael Martin, formerly a member of the Labour Party, was elected Speaker of the House of Commons in 2000 and held the post until his resignation in 2009. By convention, the major parties (Labour, Conservative Party and Liberal Democrats) do not stand against a sitting Speaker in a general election, and in the 2001 and 2005 general elections he stood as "Speaker seeking re-election." Other parties, including the Scottish National Party, however, continued to contest the seat.
Feminist effects on society
The feminist movement has effected change in Western society, including women's suffrage; greater access to education; more equitable pay with men; the right to initiate divorce proceedings; the right of women to make individual decisions regarding pregnancy (including access to contraceptives and abortion); and the right to own property.

Harvard Psychology Professor Steven Pinker argues that feminism has reduced domestic violence against men as their likelihood of being killed by a female intimate partner has decreased six-fold. However, fourth-wave feminism has coincided with significant increases in male violence and femicides against women, a lot of it regarded as a backlash.

Religious text
Religious texts, including scripture, are texts which various religions consider to be of central importance to their religious tradition. They often feature a compilation or discussion of beliefs, ritual practices, moral commandments and laws, ethical conduct, spiritual aspirations, and admonitions for fostering a religious community.

Within each religion, these texts are revered as authoritative sources of guidance, wisdom, and divine revelation. They are often regarded as sacred or holy, representing the core teachings and principles that their followers strive to uphold.
Registration of Intellectual Property in Ghana
Registration of intellectual property in Ghana is key to safeguarding one's intellectual efforts from infringement. Intellectual property law of Ghana encompasses intellectual property (IP) laws in Ghana, such as laws governing copyright, patent, trademark, industrial design rights, and unfair competition. The main intellectual property laws in Ghana include the Copyright Act, 2005 (Act 690), the Patents Act, 2003 (Act 657), the Trademarks Act, 2004 (Act 664), the Industrial Designs Act, 2003 (Act 660) and the Protection Against Unfair Competition Act, 2000 (Act 589). These are supplemented by regulations passed by the Legislature to augment the rate of development under IP laws.

Industrial Designs Act, 2003 (Act 660)
The Industrial Designs Act, 2003 (ACT 660) is a Ghanaian act to revise the enactments on the protection of industrial designs and to provide for related matters. The Act is one of the Seven Acts that exist to protect Intellectual Property Rights in Ghana namely; Protection against Unfair Competition Act, 2000 (Act 589); Industrial Designs Act, 2003 (Act 660); Geographical Indications Act, 2003 (Act 659); Patents Act, 2003 (Act 657); Trademarks Act, 2004 (Act 664); Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits Act, 2004 (Act 667) and Copyrights Act, 2005 (Act 690).
Infructescence
In botany, infructescence (fruiting head) is defined as the ensemble of fruits derived from the ovaries of an inflorescence. It usually retains the size and structure of the inflorescence.

In some cases, infructescences are similar in appearance to simple fruits. These are called multiple fruits. One example is the infructescence of Ananas, which is formed from the fusion of the berries with receptacle tissues and bracts.

The mature infructescence of a grain, such as wheat or maize, is known as an ear. The infructescence of Ficus is called a syconium.

Syconium
Syconium (pl.: syconia) is the type of inflorescence which later becomes fruit in figs (genus Ficus), formed by an enlarged, fleshy, hollow receptacle with multiple ovaries on the inside surface. In essence, it is really a fleshy stem with a number of flowers, so it is considered both a multiple and accessory fruit.
Sunrise period
The sunrise period of domain name registration is a special period during which trademark holders may preregister names that are the same or similar to their trademarks in order to avoid cybersquatting. This occurs prior to the general launch of the top-level domain (TLD). To register, the group or individual must be able to prove their prior right to the name. The sunrise period serves as a test period, and is followed by the landrush period and/or General Availability.

Cybersquatting
Cybersquatting (also known as domain squatting) is the practice of registering, trafficking in, or using an Internet domain name, with a bad faith intent to profit from the goodwill of a trademark belonging to someone else. The term is derived from "squatting", which is the act of occupying an abandoned or unoccupied space or building that the squatter does not own, rent, or otherwise have permission to use.
Veppampalayam
Veppampalayam is a neighbourhood in Erode district of Tamil Nadu state in the peninsular India.

Veppampalayam is located at an altitude of 249 m above the mean sea level with the geographical coordinates of 11°17′33″N 77°39′31″E﻿ / ﻿11.292500°N 77.658600°E﻿ / 11.292500; 77.658600 (i.e., 11°17'33.0"N, 77°39'31.0"E). Erode, Thindal, Nasiyanur, Nanjanapuram, Mettukkadai, Perundurai, Veerappampalayam, Pazhayapalayam, Pavalathampalayam, Kathirampatti and Villarasampatti are some of the important neighbourhoods of Veppampalayam.

Veppampalayam area falls under the Erode West Assembly constituency. The winner of the election held in the year 2021 as the member of its assembly constituency is S. Muthusamy. Also, this area belongs to Erode Lok Sabha constituency. The winner of the election held in the year 2019, as the member of its Lok Sabha constituency is A. Ganeshamurthi.

Thindal, Erode
Thindal is a neighborhood in the city of Erode Tamil Nadu, India. It is located 8 km from Erode Junction and 7 km from Central Bus Terminus, Erode. It is now officially a part of Erode Municipal Corporation. The locality is well known for the Thindal Murugan Temple (Velayudaswami temple). The neighborhood is located along the arterial Perundurai Road which connects the city with western districts like Tiruppur, Coimbatore and Kerala. Outer Ring Road connecting all the arterial roads of the city intersects Perundurai road in Thindal. It is a developing area due to the initiation of various educational institutions.
Bouches-de-l'Yssel
Bouches-de-l'Yssel (French: [buʃ.də.li.sɛl]; "Mouths of the IJssel"; Dutch: Monden van de IJssel) was a department of the First French Empire in the present-day Netherlands. It was formed in 1810, when the Kingdom of Holland was annexed by France. Its territory corresponded with the present-day Dutch province of Overijssel. Its capital was Zwolle.

The department was subdivided into the following arrondissements and cantons (situation in 1812):

Zwolle, cantons: Hasselt, Kampen, Steenwijk, Vollenhove and Zwolle.

Almelo, cantons: Almelo, Delden, Enschede, Goor, Oldenzaal and Ootmarsum.

Deventer, cantons: Deventer, Hardenberg, Ommen and Raalte.

Its population in 1812 was 145,000, and its area was 340,000 hectares.

After Napoleon was defeated in 1814, the department became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.

Almelo
Almelo (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑlməloː] ⓘ) is a municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands. The main population centres are Almelo itself and the villages of Aadorp, Mariaparochie, and Bornerbroek. Almelo has about 75,000 inhabitants in the middle of the rolling countryside of Twente, with the industrial centres of Enschede and Hengelo as close neighbours but also with tourist towns like Ootmarsum, Delden and Markelo only a bicycle ride away.

Almelo received city rights in 1394. Within the city limits lies the castle of the Counts of Almelo. Located in the city centre is Huize Almelo, a castle that in its current form dates back to 1662 but is not open to the public.

The city is also known for its local association football club Heracles Almelo, which plays in the Eredivisie, the highest football league in the Netherlands, and uses the Erve Asito stadium. Some of the Almelo population speak the Tweants dialect.
1934 Claxton Shield
The 1934 Claxton Shield was the first annual Claxton Shield, an Australian national baseball tournament. It was held at the Adelaide Oval and Hindmarsh Oval in Adelaide from 5 to 12 August, and was won by the hosts South Australia. The other participating teams were New South Wales and Victoria.

The tournament was the first of what would be an ongoing series of regular national tournaments. Prior to 1934, there had been interstate tournaments, where one state would host only one of the others for a series of games, and there had been two national tournaments, the first in 1910 with New South Wales, Tasmania and Victoria, the second in 1912 which also included South Australia, both of which were won by New South Wales. Though the specifics of the tournament's format would change over the years, with the exception of the suspension due to World War II, the tournament would continue through to 1988 as the highest level of baseball in the country.

South Australia (baseball team)
South Australia (previously known as the South Australian Bite) competes in the Claxton Shield Baseball Championship in Australia. As one of the founding teams of the Claxton Shield in 1934, they participated until 1988, when the Shield began being awarded to the winner of the Australian Baseball League. In 1999, they were invited to join the International Baseball League of Australia, where they competed for two seasons (1999–2000 and 2002). After that, the Claxton Shield returned to a format similar to the one used prior to 1988.
Eros + Massacre
Eros + Massacre (エロス＋虐殺, Erosu purasu gyakusatsu) is a 1969 Japanese experimental drama film directed by Yoshishige Yoshida, who wrote it in cooperation with Masahiro Yamada. The film is a biography of anarchist Sakae Ōsugi, who was murdered by the Japanese military police in 1923 (see Amakasu Incident). It is the first film in a loose trilogy, followed by Heroic Purgatory (1970) and Coup d'État (1973).

David Desser
David Desser (born 1953) is emeritus professor of cinema studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and former director of that university's Unit for Cinema Studies.  He is an expert in Asian cinema, particularly the cinema of Japan, as well as in Jewish cinema. He is the former editor of Cinema Journal, which is published by the Society for Cinema and Media Studies, the world's largest organization of scholars of cinema and media. He is currently co-editor of the Journal of Japanese and Korean Cinema.
2019 President's Cup (tennis)
The 2019 President's Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the fourteenth (ATP) and eleventh (ITF) editions of the tournament and was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, on 15–21 July 2019.

2019 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2019 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2019 ATP Challenger Tour calendar had 158 tournaments scheduled, with prize money ranging from $54,160 up to $162,480. It was the 42nd edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 11th under the name of Challenger Tour.
2018 NCAA Division I women's basketball championship game
The 2018 NCAA Division I women's basketball championship game was the final game of the 2018 NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament. The game was played on April 1, 2018, at the Nationwide Arena in Columbus, Ohio. The Notre Dame Fighting Irish defeated the Mississippi State Bulldogs to win their second national championship.

The game was won on a made basket by Arike Ogunbowale with 0.1 seconds left on the clock—she made a similar shot with 1.0 second in the semifinal to defeat Connecticut, earning Notre Dame a berth in the championship.

Notre Dame Fighting Irish women's basketball
The Notre Dame Fighting Irish women's basketball team is the intercollegiate women's basketball program representing University of Notre Dame in Notre Dame, Indiana. The program currently competes in the Atlantic Coast Conference of NCAA Division I. The Fighting Irish play their home games in the Purcell Pavilion at the Edmund P. Joyce Center, and are currently coached by Niele Ivey.
2006 ICC Americas Championship
The ICC Americas Championship is the continental cricket championship for the Americas region, for Affiliate and Associate members of the International Cricket Council in North, Central and South America, and the Caribbean. This is the first year that the tournament is organized in three divisions.

The division three was played in Suriname. This tournament was won by the host and won one spot in division two (played in Argentina. Division two was won by the host. Argentina won one spot in division one. Division one was played in Canada, and was won by Bermuda.

ICC Americas Championship
The ICC Americas Championship is a one-day cricket tournament organised by ICC Americas for non-Test national cricket teams in the Americas affiliated with the International Cricket Council. As well as providing the opportunity for national teams to play international matches against teams of a similar standard, it also provides qualification into the ICC World Cricket League.

There are currently four divisions taking place biannually with promotion and relegation taking place between divisions. In 2010 Division One, for the first time, a Twenty20 tournament took place following the traditional 50 over competition.
Achille Liénart
Achille Liénart (French: [aʃil ljenaʁ]; 7 February 1884—15 February 1973) was a French cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Lille from 1928 to 1968, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1930.

Catholic University of Paris
The Institut catholique de Paris (French: [ɛ̃stity katɔlik də paʁi], abbr. ICP), known in English as the Catholic University of Paris (and in Latin as Universitas catholica Parisiensis), is a private university located in Paris, France.
Nicdali Rivera-Calanoc
Nicdali Rivera-Calanoc (born June 12, 1987) is an American former mixed martial artist who competed in the Atomweight division. She was signed with Invicta FC. After her fight against Jodie Esquibel at Invicta FC 9, Nicdali announced that she had decided before the fight that it would be her last fight as she did not resign her contract. However, she would come out of retirement less than a year later for the Combate Americas promotion and continued her fighting career. After only a few more fights, she would again announce her retirement. In July 2017, she was named the fight director for Combate Americas. In 2023, Nicdali made another return to fighting.

Combate Global
Combate Global (formerly known as Combate Americas) is an Hispanic American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion company founded in 2011 by current-CEO Campbell McLaren and based in New York City, New York. Its business encompasses live events, television broadcasts, and mobile content catering to a millennial audience; with the average age of viewers being 27. In 2024, Combate Global was ranked by Forbes as the tenth most valuable combat sports organization in the world, with an estimated value of $120 million.
Dare Devil Dive
Dare Devil Dive is a steel roller coaster at Six Flags Over Georgia. Designed by German company Gerstlauer, Dare Devil Dive is based on the company's Euro-Fighter model, and features a 95-foot (29 m)-tall vertical lift hill, a 95° first drop, three inversions and a top speed of 52 miles per hour (84 km/h). It is also the first Euro-Fighter to debut a new lap-bar restraint system, replacing the more common over-the-shoulder harnesses.

Six Flags Over Georgia
Six Flags Over Georgia is a 290-acre (1.2 km2) amusement park in Mableton, Georgia, United States. Opened in 1967, it is the second park in the Six Flags chain following the original Six Flags Over Texas, which opened in 1961.

Six Flags Over Georgia is one of three parks in the Six Flags chain to have been founded by Angus G. Wynne. As with other Six Flags parks, it features themes from the Warner Bros. Entertainment library, including characters from Looney Tunes and DC Comics.
2022 BFI London Film Festival
The 66th BFI London Film Festival was a film festival that took place from 5–16 October 2022. British-American producer Tanya Seghatchian served as jury president. Marie Kreutzer's Corsage won the Best Film Award.

The festival opened with Matilda the Musical directed by Matthew Warchus and closed with Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery directed by Rian Johnson.

BFI London Film Festival
The BFI London Film Festival is an annual film festival held in London, England, in collaboration with the British Film Institute. Founded in 1957, the festival runs for two weeks every October.

In 2016, the BFI estimated that around 240 feature films and 150 short films from more than 70 countries are screened at the festival each year.
Tim Lovell
Timothy Lovell (born February 8, 2002) is an American professional ice hockey player. He is currently under contract with Greenville Swamp Rabbits of the ECHL. He played college ice hockey for Boston College, Arizona State and Michigan.

Greenville Swamp Rabbits
The Greenville Swamp Rabbits are a professional ice hockey team located in Greenville, South Carolina.  They play in the South Division of the ECHL's Eastern Conference and play their home games at the Bon Secours Wellness Arena in downtown Greenville.  The franchise had previously played as the Johnstown Chiefs from the ECHL's inception in 1988 until the team's relocation in 2010 and subsequently as the Greenville Road Warriors until being re-branded as the Swamp Rabbits in 2015.  The Swamp Rabbits are the second ECHL franchise to play in Greenville, as the city hosted the Greenville Grrrowl from 1998 until 2006.