hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Warren Rudman
Warren Bruce Rudman (May 18, 1930 – November 19, 2012) was an American attorney and politician who served as a United States senator from New Hampshire from 1980 to 1993. A member of the Republican Party, he was known as a moderate centrist, to such an extent that President Clinton approached him in 1994 about replacing departing Treasury Secretary Lloyd Bentsen in Clinton's cabinet, an offer that Rudman declined.

After two terms in office, Rudman chose not to run for re-election in 1992. At the time of his death, he was a co-chair of Albright Stonebridge Group, a retired partner in the international law firm Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison, as well as an advisory board member of Promontory Financial Group. He previously sat on the board of directors of Raytheon, Collins & Aikman, Allied Waste, Boston Scientific and a number of funds in the Dreyfus Family of Funds.

Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison
Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP (known as Paul, Weiss) is an American multinational white-shoe law firm headquartered in New York City.

The firm historically focused on litigation, but shifted towards corporate law after Brad Karp became chairman in 2008. The firm has offices in Washington, D.C., San Francisco, Los Angeles, Wilmington, Toronto, London, Brussels, Tokyo, and Hong Kong.
2004 US Open (tennis)
The 2004 US Open was held between August 30, 2004 – September 12, 2004.

Both Andy Roddick and Justine Henin-Hardenne were unsuccessful in their title defenses, Roddick losing in the quarter-finals to Joachim Johansson and Henin-Hardenne falling in the fourth round to Nadia Petrova. On the men's side, Roger Federer won his first US Open, defeating rival and 2001 champion Lleyton Hewitt in a lopsided final. Svetlana Kuznetsova won the women's title defeating Elena Dementieva in the final.

2001 US Open (tennis)
The 2001 US Open was held between August 27 – September 9, 2001. It was the final Grand Slam event of 2001.

Marat Safin was unsuccessful in his title defence, being defeated in the semifinals by Pete Sampras in a rematch of the 2000 final, while Venus Williams was successful in her title defense, beating her sister Serena in the women's final. 20-year-old Australian Lleyton Hewitt won the men's title, defeating Sampras in the final. It was the second consecutive US Open final defeat for Sampras.
Mompha trithalama
Mompha trithalama is a moth of the family Momphidae. It is native to Brazil, Peru and Trinidad, but was introduced to Hawaii for biological control of Clidemia hirta.

The larvae feed on Melastomataceae species, including Clidemia hirta.

Momphidae
The Momphidae, or mompha moths, is a family of moths with some 115 described species. It was described by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1857. These moths tend to be rather small with a wingspan of up to 21 mm. The wings are held folded over the body at rest. The larvae are concealed feeders, either as leaf miners or within seeds or stems.
Le val d'Andorre
Le val d'Andorre (The Valley of Andorra) is an opéra comique by Fromental Halévy with a libretto by Saint-Georges. Although today almost completely forgotten, it was one of Halévy's greatest successes, running for 165 performances and restoring the then-precarious financial situation of the Opéra-Comique in Paris, where it was given its premiere on 11 November 1848.

Opéra comique
Opéra comique (French: [ɔpeʁa kɔmik]; plural: opéras comiques) is a genre of French opera that contains spoken dialogue and arias. It emerged from the popular opéras comiques en vaudevilles of the Fair Theatres of St Germain and St Laurent (and to a lesser extent the Comédie-Italienne), which combined existing popular tunes with spoken sections. Associated with the Paris theatre of the same name, opéra comique is not necessarily comical or shallow; Carmen, perhaps the most famous opéra comique, is a tragedy.
A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles
A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles (MEG) is a seven-volume reference grammar of Modern English, largely written by Otto Jespersen. The first volume ("part"), Sounds and Spellings, was published in 1909; two through five were on syntax; six was on morphology; and seven returned to the topic of syntax. It took until 1949 for all seven to be completed.

Geoffrey K. Pullum
Geoffrey Keith Pullum (/ˈpʊləm/; born 8 March 1945) is a British and American linguist specialising in the study of English. Pullum has published over 300 articles and books on various topics in linguistics, including phonology, morphology, semantics, pragmatics, computational linguistics, and philosophy of language. He is Professor Emeritus of General Linguistics at the University of Edinburgh.

Pullum is a co-author of The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language (2002), a comprehensive descriptive grammar of English. He co-founded Language Log and is a contributor to Lingua Franca at The Chronicle of Higher Education, often criticizing prescriptive rules and linguistic myths.
Ethan Havard
Ethan Havard (born 26 October 2000) is an England international rugby league footballer who plays as a prop for the Wigan Warriors in the Super League. He has also played for the England Knights at international level.

2023 Super League Grand Final
The 2023 Super League Grand Final, was the 26th official grand final, and championship-deciding rugby league game of Super League XXVIII. The match was contested between Wigan Warriors and Catalans Dragons, at Old Trafford.

St Helens were the defending champions, having won 4 consecutive titles in 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022, but they were eliminated in the Semi-final, losing 6–12 to Catalans Dragons in a repeat of the 2021 Final, which St Helens won 12–10.
TVR 350i
The TVR 350i is a sports car built by British company TVR from 1983 until 1989. In 1982 TVR's then new owner Peter Wheeler found himself wanting more power than the Cologne V6-equipped Tasmin 280i could offer. Thus, based on the existing car the TVR Tasmin 350i appeared in August 1983. Using the same chassis and body (with some minor changes), a 3.5-litre Rover V8 was installed. After a year, the "Tasmin" part of the name was dropped and the car became just TVR 350i.

Sports car
A sports car is a type of automobile that is designed with an emphasis on dynamic performance, such as handling, acceleration, top speed, the thrill of driving, and racing capability. Sports cars originated in Europe in the early 1910s and are currently produced by many manufacturers around the world.
Kalay Chor
Kalay Chor (Punjabi: کَالے چور) is a 1991 Pakistani action film, directed by Nazar-ul-Islam and produced by Habib Jalib. The film stars Neeli, Sultan Rahi, Javed Sheikh, Ghulam Mohiuddin and Humayun Qureshi .

Habib Jalib
Habib Jalib (Punjabi pronunciation: [ɦəbib d͡ʒaːləb]; 24 March 1928 – 13 March 1993) was a Pakistani revolutionary poet and left-wing political activist who opposed martial law, authoritarianism, military dictatorship and state oppression. He wrote several poems in Punjabi and Urdu and was referred to as the "poet of the masses" by his contemporary Faiz Ahmad Faiz.

He opposed military coups and government administrators and was duly jailed several times for this stance. He is widely respected in Pakistan for never compromising on his principles.

Journalist Hamid Mir believes Sufism played a major role in Jalib's political stance against dictatorship.
100% Cinta Indonesia
100% Cinta Indonesia (Indonesian: "100% Love Indonesia") is a campaign launched in 2009 to promote Indonesian brands and products. Although the campaign was initially meant as a consumer awareness program to promote Indonesian products and brands, the campaign has transformed into social movement to appreciate and love everything Indonesian, not just brands and products but also foods, arts, crafts, traditional and popular culture, and many aspects of Indonesia.

Indonesian cuisine
Indonesian cuisine is a collection of regional culinary traditions of the various ethnic groups that form the archipelagic nation of Indonesia. There are a wide variety of recipes and cuisines in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 600 ethnic groups.

There are many regional cuisines, often based upon indigenous cultures, with some foreign influences.
Edward Henry Howard
Edward Henry Howard (13 February 1829 – 16 September 1892) was an English Catholic priest and archbishop, who was made a cardinal in 1877. He was a relative of the Dukes of Norfolk.

Howard is in the episcopal lineage of Pope Francis.

Duke of Norfolk
Duke of Norfolk is a title in the Peerage of England. The premier non-royal peer, the Duke of Norfolk is additionally the premier duke and earl in the English peerage. The seat of the Duke of Norfolk is Arundel Castle in Sussex, although the title refers to the county of Norfolk. The current duke is Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk. The dukes have historically been Catholic, a state of affairs known as recusancy in England.

All past and present dukes have been descended from Edward I. The son of Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, was Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey; the earl was descended from Edward III. As all subsequent dukes after Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk are descendants of the Earl of Surrey, this means they are also descended from Edward III.
Union of Royalists
The Union of Royalists (Greek: Ένωσις Βασιλοφρόνων) was a coalition of far-right Greek political parties for the elections of 1935.

Its main leader was Ioannis Metaxas. Members to the coalition were:

Freethinkers' Party

Ioannis Rallis

Georgios Stratos

several independent royalists and former members of the People's Party

People's Party (Greece)
The People's Party or Populist Party (Greek: Λαϊκὸν Κόμμα, romanized: Laïkòn Kómma) was a conservative and pro-monarchist Greek political party founded by Dimitrios Gounaris, the main political rival of Eleftherios Venizelos and his Liberal Party. The party existed from 1920 until 1958.
Ulrich I, Count of East Frisia
Ulrich I of East Frisia was the first count of East Frisia, from 1408 in Norden to 25 or 26 September 1466, in Emden. He was a son of the chieftain Enno Edzardisna of Norden and Greetsiel, and Gela of Manslagt.

East Frisia
East Frisia (/ˈfriːʒə/) or East Friesland (/ˈfriːzlənd/; German: Ostfriesland; East Frisian Low Saxon: Oostfräisland; Saterland Frisian: Aastfräislound) is a historic region in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is primarily located on the western half of the East Frisian peninsula, to the east of West Frisia and to the west of Landkreis Friesland.

Administratively, East Frisia consists of the districts Aurich, Leer and Wittmund, and the city of Emden. It has a population of approximately 469,000 people and an area of 3,142 square kilometres (1,213 sq mi).

There is a chain of islands off the coast, called the East Frisian Islands (German: Ostfriesische Inseln). From west to east, these islands are Borkum, Juist, Norderney, Baltrum, Langeoog and Spiekeroog.
2009 Cyprus Rally
The 2009 Cyprus Rally, officially 37th FxPro Cyprus Rally, was the third round of the 2009 World Rally Championship season and was held between March 13 and March 15, 2009 in Limassol, Cyprus. Sébastien Loeb and Daniel Elena claimed the title and won the WRC's first mixed-surface round since 1996.

The Cyprus Rally was last held in 2006, but was dropped along with Rally Australia in favour of new rallies such as Rally Norway, and Rally Ireland, and the returning Rally de Portugal.

Its format changed to a mixed surface rally format from all-gravel rally. The Cyprus Rally was the first rally since Rallye Sanremo - Rallye d'Italia in 1996 to host a mixed surfaced event. Day 1 was contested on tarmac, while days 2 & 3 were contested on rough gravel roads.

2009 World Rally Championship
The 2009 World Rally Championship was the 37th season of the FIA World Rally Championship. The season consisted of twelve rallies and began on 30 January, with Rally Ireland and ended with Rally GB on 25 October. Sébastien Loeb won the World Drivers' championship at Rally GB by one point from Mikko Hirvonen, taking his sixth consecutive crown. Citroën secured their fifth Manufacturers' title, Martin Prokop won the JWRC Drivers' championship and Armindo Araujo won the PWRC Drivers' championship.
Omar Jagaa
Omar Jagaa (Somali: Cumar Jagac) is a town in the Arta Region of Djibouti. It is located on the RN-1 National Highway, which connects it to Djibouti City, located some 57 kilometres (35 miles) to the east. It is the primary transportation hub in western Djibouti via highway. The town is situated in a small valley.

Arta Region
Arta Region (Arabic: إقليم عرتا, Somali: Gobolka Carta) is one of the six regions of Djibouti. It was officially created in 2003 by the regrouping of sub-prefectures of the regions of Dikhil and Djibouti. It is situated in the south-central of the country, bordering the Tadjoura Region to the north, and the Djibouti Region to the north-east, and Dikhil Region the Ali Sabieh Region to the south, the country of Somaliland lies to the east.

The capital of Arta Region is Arta. Other towns include We`a, Damerjog and Loyada. The Hemed mountain is the highest point in the region of Arta.
FIFA Football 2004
FIFA Football 2004, also known as FIFA Soccer 2004 in North America, is a football simulation video game developed by EA Canada and published by Electronic Arts. It was released in October 2003 with the tagline "Create Brilliance".

FIFA Football 2004 is the eleventh game in the FIFA series and the eighth to be in 3D.

The game is an EA Sports Bio game, and is compatible with other EA Sports games like Madden NFL 2004 and NBA Live 2004.

EA Vancouver
EA Vancouver (formerly known as EA Burnaby, then EA Canada) is a Canadian video game developer located in Burnaby, British Columbia. The development studio opened as Distinctive Software in January 1983, and is also Electronic Arts's largest and oldest studio. EA Vancouver employs approximately 1,300 people, and houses the world's largest video game test operation. It is best known for developing a lot of EA Sports and EA Sports BIG titles, including EA Sports FC (formerly FIFA), NHL, SSX, NBA Street, NFL Street,  EA Sports UFC, and FIFA Street titles, as well as a number of NBA Live and NCAA Basketball titles between 1994 and 2009.
Southern Pacific GS-6 class
The Southern Pacific Class GS-6 is a class of semi-streamlined 4-8-4 "Northern" type steam locomotive operated by the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP) from 1943 to 1958 and the Western Pacific Railroad (WP) from 1943 to 1953.  A total of sixteen were built by the Lima Locomotive Works, numbered 4460 through 4469 by SP and 481 through 486 by WP.  GS stands for "Golden State" or "General Service".

Lima Locomotive Works
Lima Locomotive Works (LLW) was an American firm that manufactured railroad locomotives from the 1870s through the 1950s. The company's name is derived from the location of its main manufacturing plant in Lima, Ohio (/ˈlaɪmə/ LY-mə). The shops were located between the Erie Railroad main line, the Baltimore & Ohio's Cincinnati-Toledo main line and the Nickel Plate Road main line and shops.

The company produced the Shay geared logging steam locomotive, developed by Ephraim Shay, and for William E. Woodard's "Super Power" advanced steam locomotive concept – exemplified by the prototype 2-8-4 Berkshire, Lima demonstrator A-1. In World War II the Lima plant produced the M4A1 version of the M4 Sherman tank.
Marine Regiment (Denmark)
The Marine Regiment (Danish: Marineregimentet) was the naval infantry regiment of the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy, and later an infantry marines regiment, established in 1672 by Christian IV and based at Glückstadt Naval Station.

History of the Danish navy
The history of the Danish navy began with the founding of a joint Dano-Norwegian navy on 10 August 1510, when King John appointed his vassal Henrik Krummedige to become "chief captain and head of all our captains, men and servants whom we now have appointed and ordered to be at sea".

The joint fleet was dissolved when Christian Fredrick established separate fleets for Denmark and Norway on 12 April 1814. These are the modern ancestors of today's Royal Danish Navy and Royal Norwegian Navy.
Vico del Gargano
Vico del Gargano is a village and comune in the province of Foggia in the Apulia region of southeast Italy. Called the "Village of Love", it is part of the Gargano National Park and the Mountain Community of Gargano.

The town is bordered by Carpino, Ischitella, Monte Sant'Angelo, Peschici, Rodi Garganico and Vieste. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Rodi Garganico
Rodi Garganico (Italian pronunciation: [ˈrɔːdi ɡarˈɡaːniko]; Garganico: Roud' [ˈrəʉdə] or Rur' [ˈruːrə]) is a town and commune in the province of Foggia, Apulia, south-eastern Italy. Located on a promontory east of the Lago di Varano, it is part of the Gargano National Park and of the Mountain Community of Gargano.

Rodi is center for the production of citrus fruits such as Arance del Gargano (Gargano Oranges) and Lemon "Femminiello" of Gargano, both DOP products cultivated since the Middle Ages.

It is a seaside resort with several long beaches located both west and east to the town.
Shetland College
Shetland College is a further and higher education college in Lerwick, Shetland, Scotland. It is part of the University of the Highlands and Islands.

The main campus is located at Gremista, on the outskirts of Lerwick. There are also dedicated premises in Lerwick for teaching Hospitality, at Anderson High School; and Health and Care at North Ness Business Park. Outside Lerwick there are Teaching Centres based in more remote parts of Shetland from which daily travel to Lerwick would not be practicable. These are located at Unst, Whalsay, North Mainland, West Mainland and Ness, in the south mainland.

The college also uses video conferencing to deliver some course material.

The college offers subsidised day-care facilities to students via a nursery near Anderson High School in Lerwick.

A review of performance in 2014 by Education Scotland rated the college as effective and highlighted many positive findings.

Anderson High School, Lerwick
The Anderson High School (AHS) is a comprehensive secondary school in Lerwick, Shetland, Scotland. The AHS is the largest school in Shetland with around 67 staff and about 800-900 pupils from age 12 to 18.

Pupils transfer to the AHS from other schools throughout Shetland. Pupils are also transferred from junior high schools after S4 (age 16), leading to more pupils in S5 than in S4.

In 2005, the school was awarded Schools of Ambition status.
WiGLE
WiGLE (Wireless Geographic Logging Engine) is a website for collecting information about the different wireless hotspots around the world. Users can register on the website and upload hotspot data like GPS coordinates, SSID, MAC address and the encryption type used on the hotspots discovered. In addition, cell tower data is uploaded and displayed.

By obtaining information about the encryption of the different hotspots, WiGLE tries to create an awareness of the need for security by running a wireless network.

The first recorded hotspot on WiGLE was uploaded in September 2001. By June 2017, WiGLE counted over 349 million recorded WiFi networks in its database, whereof 345 million was recorded with GPS coordinates and over 4.8 billion unique recorded observations. In addition, the database now contains 7.80 million unique cell towers including 7.75 million with GPS coordinates. By May 2019, WiGLE had a total of 551 million networks recorded.

Wireless network
A wireless network is a computer network that uses wireless data connections between network nodes. Wireless networking allows homes, telecommunications networks, and business installations to avoid the costly process of introducing cables into a building, or as a connection between various equipment locations. Admin telecommunications networks are generally implemented and administered using radio communication. This implementation takes place at the physical level (layer) of the OSI model network structure.

Examples of wireless networks include cell phone networks, wireless local area networks (WLANs), wireless sensor networks, satellite communication networks, and terrestrial microwave networks.
Battle of Maria Antônia
The Battle of Maria Antônia (Portuguese: Batalha da Maria Antônia) was a conflict between students from the Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of the University of São Paulo (FFCL-USP) and Mackenzie Presbyterian University that occurred on October 2, 1968. Both institutions were located on Maria Antônia Street, in central São Paulo, a popular venue for events such as protests and demonstrations.

Faculty of Philosophy, Languages and Human Sciences, University of São Paulo
The Faculty of Philosophy, Languages and Human Sciences (Portuguese: Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, FFLCH) is a unit of the University of São Paulo, Brazil. It offers undergraduate and graduate courses in philosophy, social sciences, history, geography, literature, languages and linguistics. It was founded in 1934 as the Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Languages (Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, FFCL).
Grinzane Cavour
Grinzane Cavour is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Turin and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Cuneo.

Grinzane Cavour borders the municipalities of Alba and Diano d'Alba.

Originally simply known as Grinzane, it switched to the current name in homage to Camillo Benso, Count Cavour, who was mayor of the city for 17 years.

The main attraction is the massive medieval castle. Until 2009, Grinzane Cavour was also the seat of the eponymous literary award.

Alba, Piedmont
Alba (Piedmontese: Arba; Latin: Alba Pompeia) is a town and comune of Piedmont, Italy, in the Province of Cuneo. It is one of the main cities in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato. The town is famous for its white truffle and wine production. The confectionery group Ferrero is based there. The city joined the UNESCO Creative Cities Network in October 2017.
Philodendron domesticum
Philodendron domesticum, also called the spadeleaf philodendron, the elephant ear philodendron, or burgundy philodendron, is a plant in the genus Philodendron. Its arrow-shaped glossy leaves grow to be 22 inches (56 cm) long and 9 inches (23 cm) wide when mature. Philodendron domesticum is also commonly grown as a houseplant in temperate climates.

Houseplant
A houseplant, also known as a pot plant, potted plant, or indoor plant, is an ornamental plant cultivated indoors for aesthetic or practical purposes. These plants are commonly found in homes, offices, and various indoor spaces, where they contribute to the ambiance by adding natural beauty and improving air quality. Most houseplants are tropical or semi-tropical species, as they thrive in the warm, humid conditions often found indoors. Many of them are epiphytes (plants that grow on other plants), succulents (which store water in their leaves), or cacti, which are particularly well-suited to indoor environments due to their low maintenance requirements.