hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of slavery in Utah
Slavery as it occurred in the borders of what is now the state of Utah has a complicated history. Under Spanish and Mexican rule, Utah was a major source of illegal slave raids by Mexican, Ute and Navajo slave traders, particularly on Paiute tribes. When Mormon pioneers entered Utah, they introduced African slavery and provided a local market for Indian slavery.  After the Mexican–American War, Utah became part of the United States and slavery was officially legalized in Utah Territory on February 4, 1852, with the passing of the Act in Relation to Service. It was repealed on June 19, 1862, when Congress prohibited slavery in all US territories.

Parowan, Utah
Parowan (/ˈpærəwɑːn/ PARR-ə-wahn) is a city in and the county seat of Iron County, Utah, United States. The population was 2,996 at the 2020 census.

Parowan became the first incorporated city in Iron County in 1851. A fort that had been constructed on the east side of Center Creek the previous year was an initial hub in the development of ironworks in the region. Parowan served as the agricultural support base for the local iron industry, whose blast furnace was located in nearby Cedar City. Eventually, the ironworks were decommissioned.

Despite occasional successes, the mission failed to produce a consistent and sustained supply of pig iron. By 1858, most of the area's mining operations had ceased due to disappointing yields. Today, the area's chief industries are recreation and tourism.
First Crossing of Devils River
The First Crossing of Devils River was the first point at which the Devils River was crossed by the San Antonio-El Paso Road. It was located 10.22 miles west of San Felipe Springs at the mouth of San Pedro Creek on the Devils River. It was 2.54 miles southeast of Painted Caves, on California Creek, a noted camp location on the road. The crossing point and the gorge leading down to it from the east are now submerged under Lake Amistad.

Amistad Reservoir
Amistad Reservoir (Spanish: Presa Amistad) is a reservoir on the Rio Grande at its confluence with the Devils River 12 miles (19 km) northwest of Del Rio, Texas. The lake is bounded by Val Verde County on the United States side of the international border and by the state of Coahuila on the Mexican side of the border; the American shoreline forms the Amistad National Recreation Area. The reservoir was formed in 1969 by the construction of Amistad Dam. The dam and lake are managed jointly by the governments of the United States and Mexico through the International Boundary and Water Commission. The name of the dam and lake is the Spanish word for "friendship". The reservoir is also known as Lake Amistad.
Miroslav Brozović
Miroslav "Meho" Brozović (26 August 1917 – 5 October 2006) was a Bosnian Croat professional footballer and football manager who played international football for the Yugoslavia national team, as well as the national team fielded by the Independent State of Croatia during World War II. He played as a defender.

Yugoslav Cup
The Yugoslav Cup (Croatian: Pokal Jugoslavije; Serbian: Куп Југославије, romanized: Kup Jugoslavije; Slovene: Pokal Jugoslavije, Macedonian: Куп на Југославија, romanized: Kup na Jugoslavija), officially known between 1923 and 1940 as the King Alexander Cup (Serbian: Куп краља Александра; Croatian: Kup kralja Aleksandra, and between 1947 and 1991 as the Marshal Tito Cup (Serbian: Куп маршала Тита; Croatian: Kup maršala Tita; Slovene: Pokal maršala Tita; Macedonian: Куп на маршал Тито, romanized: Kup na maršal Tito), was one of two major football competitions in Yugoslavia, the other one being the Yugoslav League Championship. The Yugoslav Cup took place after the league championships when every competitive league in Yugoslavia had finished, in order to determine which teams are ranked as their corresponding seeds. The Marshal Tito Cup trophy was based on a design by Branko Šotra.
McCulloch County Courthouse
The McCulloch County Courthouse is located in Brady, McCulloch County,  in the U.S. state of Texas.  It was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in McCulloch County, Texas in 1977, and became a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1967.

Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Recorded Texas Historic Landmark (RTHL) is a designation awarded by the Texas Historical Commission for historically and architecturally significant properties in the U.S. state of Texas. RTHL is a legal designation and the highest honor the state can bestow on a historic structure. Purchase and display of a historical marker is a required component of the RTHL designation process. Because it is a legal designation, owners of RTHL-designated structures must give 60 days' notice before any alterations are made to the exterior of the structure. Changes that are unsympathetic may result in removal of the designation and historical marker. More than 3,600 RTHL structures are spread throughout the state.
Total Worker Health
Total Worker Health is a trademarked strategy defined as policies, programs, and practices that integrate protection from work-related safety and health hazards with promotion of injury and illness prevention efforts to advance worker well-being. It was conceived and is funded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Total Worker Health is tested and developed in six Centers of Excellence for Total Worker Health in the United States.

National Occupational Research Agenda
The National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) is a partnership program developed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The program was founded in 1996 to provide a framework for research collaborations among universities, large and small businesses, professional societies, government agencies, and worker organizations. Together these parties identify issues in the field of workplace safety and health that require immediate attention based on the number of workers affected, the seriousness of the hazard, and the likelihood that new safety information and approaches can effect a change.
Rufous-tailed weaver
The rufous-tailed weaver (Histurgops ruficauda) is a species of songbird found in Tanzania.

It is included in the weaver family (Ploceidae), but many authors included it in the Old World sparrow family Passeridae when Old World sparrows were separated from the weavers proper. It is placed in the monotypic genus Histurgops.

It is an endemic breeder in  Tanzania, but vagrants occur in Kenya too.

Ploceidae
Ploceidae is a family of small passerine birds, many of which are called weavers, weaverbirds, weaver finches, or bishops. These names come from the nests of intricately woven vegetation created by birds in this family. In most recent classifications, the Ploceidae are a clade that excludes some birds that have historically been placed in the family, such as some of the sparrows, but which includes the monotypic subfamily Amblyospizinae. The family is believed to have originated in the mid-Miocene. All birds of the Ploceidae are native to the Old World, most in Africa south of the Sahara, though a few live in tropical areas of Asia. A few species have been introduced outside their native range.
Derrière le miroir
Derrière le Miroir (French pronunciation: [dɛʁjɛʁ lə miʁwaʁ], lit. 'Behind the Mirror') is a French art magazine created in 1946 and published until 1982. Art galleries, auction houses and booksellers often refer to this art magazine simply as D.L.M. or DLM. Aimé Maeght is the founder, editor and publisher.

Ellsworth Kelly
Ellsworth Kelly (May 31, 1923 – December 27, 2015) was an American painter, sculptor, and printmaker associated with hard-edge painting, Color field painting and minimalism. His works demonstrate unassuming techniques emphasizing line, color and form, similar to the work of John McLaughlin and Kenneth Noland. Kelly often employed bright colors. He lived and worked in Spencertown, New York.
Darryl Cherney
Darryl Cherney (born 1956) is an American musician and environmental activist. He is a member of the Earth First! environmental movement. Born and raised in New York City, he lives in Humboldt County, California.

Cherney has produced five albums of his own political satire, and founded Environmentally Sound Promotions and Churn It Up Records. Together with Greg King, in 1986 he co-founded the movement to save what eventually became the federally protected Headwaters Forest Reserve near Eureka, California. He organized four rallies in support of Julia Butterfly Hill's two-year tree sit. He organized the Redwood Summer campaign with Judi Bari.

One of Cherney's songs, "Where Are We Gonna Work (When the Trees Are Gone?)", has been covered by Jello Biafra and Mojo Nixon on their album Prairie Home Invasion.

Julia Butterfly Hill
Julia Lorraine Hill (born February 18, 1974), best known as Julia Butterfly Hill, is an American environmental activist and tax redirection advocate. She lived in a 200-foot (61 m)-tall, approximately 1,000-year-old California redwood tree for 738 days between December 10, 1997, and December 18, 1999. Hill lived in a tent near the top of a tree, affectionately known as Luna, to prevent Pacific Lumber Company loggers from cutting it down. She ultimately reached an agreement with the lumber company to save the tree. Hill is the author of the book The Legacy of Luna (2000) and co-author of One Makes the Difference.
Yamagata Terrsa
Yamagata Terrsa (山形テルサ, Yamagata Teresa) is a concert hall that opened in Yamagata, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan in 2001. The principal performance venue for the Yamagata Symphony Orchestra, the wood-lined main hall, with 811 seats, lays claim to one of the finest acoustics in Japan.

Yamagata (city)
Yamagata (山形市, Yamagata-shi) is the capital city of Yamagata Prefecture located in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan. As of 1 August 2023, the city had an estimated population of 242,505 in 103,165 households, and a population density of 636 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 381.58 square kilometres (147 sq mi).
Małgorzata Szumowska
Małgorzata Szumowska (Polish: [mawɡɔˈʐata ʂuˈmɔfska]; born 26 February 1973) is a Polish film director, screenwriter and producer, born in Kraków.

Her 2013 film In the Name Of received the Teddy Award for Best Feature at the 63rd Berlin International Film Festival, and received the Grand Prix at the 32nd annual Istanbul Film Festival. Her film Body was selected to be screened in the main competition section of the 65th Berlin International Film Festival. Szumowska won the Silver Bear for Best Director for Body. In 2018, she received Jury Grand Prix at the 68th Berlin International Film Festival for her film Mug.

Silver Bear for Best Director
The Silver Bear for Best Director (German: Silberner Bär/Bester Regie) is an award presented annually at the Berlin International Film Festival since 1956. It is given for the best achievement in directing and is chosen by the International Jury from the films in the Competition slate at the festival.

At the 6th Berlin International Film Festival held in 1956, Robert Aldrich was the first winner of this award for his work on Autumn Leaves, and Grant Gee is the most recent winner in this category for his work on Everybody Digs Bill Evans at the 76th Berlin International Film Festival in 2026.
Katherine D. Ortega
Katherine Dávalos Ortega (born July 16, 1934) is a former politician who was the 38th Treasurer of the United States.  She served from September 26, 1983 to July 1, 1989 under Presidents Ronald Reagan and then George H. W. Bush.  Ortega also has the distinction of being the first female bank president in the state of California.

Treasurer of the United States
The treasurer of the United States is an officer in the United States Department of the Treasury who serves as the custodian and trustee of the federal government's collateral assets and the supervisor of the department's currency and coinage production functions. On March 23, 2025, Donald Trump named Georgia state senator Brandon Beach—breaking a 76-year streak of women holding the position—to be the next treasurer. He was formally appointed on May 28, 2025.
NGC 6072
NGC 6072 is a planetary nebula in the southern constellation of Scorpius. It has a dynamical age of 104 years, and was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel on 7 June 1837.

NGC 6072 has a circumstellar envelope which is likely to be rich in carbon as it has very strong CN (cyanide) spectral lines. CN spectral lines are generally not detected in oxygen rich AGB (asymptotic giant branch) circumstellar envelopes. NGC 6072 also shows H2 (hydrogen) emission and intense CO (carbon monoxide) emission which has been mapped displaying bipolarity and some gas at high velocity. The evolution of this planetary nebulae is likely to be dominated by photodissociation and ion/radical molecular reactions. Shock chemistry is also likely to be important.

An analysis of Gaia data suggests that the central star is a binary system.

Scorpius
Scorpius is a zodiac constellation located in the Southern celestial hemisphere, where it sits near the center of the Milky Way, between Libra to the west and Sagittarius to the east. Scorpius is an ancient constellation whose recognition predates Greek culture; it is one of the 48 constellations identified by the Greek astronomer Ptolemy in the second century.
Crunchyroll Anime Award for Best Action
The Crunchyroll Anime Award for Best Action is a genre-specific award given at the Crunchyroll Anime Awards since its inaugural edition in 2017. It is given for the best action anime series from the previous year. Winners are determined through a combined voting process by judges and public voting.

Mob Psycho 100 by Bones first won the award in 2017. In the latest edition in 2025, Solo Leveling by A-1 Pictures won the award.

1st Crunchyroll Anime Awards
The 1st Crunchyroll Anime Awards were held on January 28, 2017, honoring excellence in anime from 2016. The awards were first announced by Crunchyroll in December 2016. The voting period was open from January 3 to 10. The results were announced on January 11 except for the Anime of the Year award, which was announced live on January 28 from the Crunchyroll Anime Awards Party in San Francisco. Crunchyroll reported that 1.8 million votes from around the world were submitted, with the majority of them coming from the United States. It is the only edition that implemented the "Most Popular Other".
Sheet Music (10cc album)
Sheet Music is the second album by the English rock band 10cc. It was released in 1974 on UK records (No: UKAL 1007), and yielded the hit singles "The Wall Street Shuffle" and "Silly Love". The album reached No. 9 in the UK and No. 81 in the United States.

Kevin Godley
Kevin Michael Godley (born 7 October 1945) is an English singer-songwriter, drummer and music video director. He was a singer and drummer of the art rock band 10cc and later was part of collaboration duo Godley & Creme with Lol Creme.
Saint Francis Red Flash men's basketball
The Saint Francis Red Flash men's basketball team represents Saint Francis University (SFU) in Loretto, Pennsylvania, United States.  The school's team currently competes in the NCAA Division I Northeast Conference (NEC). They play their home games at DeGol Arena. The Red Flash have appeared in the NCAA tournament twice, most recently in 2025.

The 2025–26 season will be SFU's last in Division I. In March 2025, SFU announced it would start reclassification to NCAA Division III that July. After the 2025–26 season, SFU will join the D-III Presidents' Athletic Conference.

DeGol Arena
DeGol Arena is a 3,500-seat multi-purpose arena in Loretto, Pennsylvania. It is home to the Saint Francis University Red Flash men's and women's basketball teams and the men's and women's volleyball teams. It opened in 1972 and  The 1991 Northeast Conference men's basketball tournament was held there. It was renovated in 1994 and again in 2005; it can hold 3500 fans. The building was named after Bruno and Lena DeGol, the lead donors of the facelift project in 2005.

The arena is the centerpiece of the Maurice Stokes Athletic Center, which was named in honor of Maurice Stokes, who played basketball at St Francis 1951-1955 and went on to a career as a pro in the NBA.
Progress City USA
Progress City USA, located in Decatur, Illinois is an outdoor convention center and is a division of Richland Community College.

The 300-acre (1.2 km2) facility was built as a semi-permanent home for the Farm Progress Show from 2005 to 2025.  Progress City USA hosts the Farm Progress Show during odd number years but is utilized as a site for a variety of outdoor events and conventions throughout the year.

Decatur, Illinois
Decatur (/dɪˈkeɪtər/ dih-KAY-tər) is the largest city in Macon County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. The city was founded in 1829 and is situated along the Sangamon River and Lake Decatur in Central Illinois. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 70,522. It is the 17th-most populous city in Illinois and the "fastest shrinking city" in Illinois. Decatur has an economy based on industrial and agricultural commodity processing and production. The city is home to Millikin University and Richland Community College.
428 Monachia
428 Monachia is an asteroid orbiting within the Flora family in the Main Belt.

It was discovered by Walther Villiger on 18 November 1897 in Munich, Germany. It was his only asteroid discovery. The asteroid's name comes from the Latin name for Munich.

Flora family
The Flora family (adj. Florian; FIN: 402; also known as the Ariadne family) is a prominent family of stony asteroids located in the inner region of the asteroid belt. It is one of the largest families with more than 13,000 known members, or approximately 3.5% of all main-belt asteroids.

The origin and properties of this family are relatively poorly understood. It is a very broad family which gradually fades into the surrounding background population. While the largest members, 8 Flora and 43 Ariadne, are located near the edge, there are several distinct groupings within the family, possibly created by later, secondary collisions. Due to this complex internal structure and the poorly defined boundaries, the Flora family has also been described as an asteroid clan. Only a few interlopers have been identified. This family may be the source of the impactor that formed the Chicxulub crater, the likely culprit in the extinction of the dinosaurs.
Big Picture (magazine)
The Big Picture series provides teachers and post-16 students with up-to-date information on research findings in biology and medicine, and the social and ethical implications of this research. Published by the Wellcome Trust as a free educational resource, each issue is available for free electronically. The  website provides free resources for teachers and online activities for students, including lesson ideas, animations, image galleries and short videos. As of 2016, the print subscription has been discontinued and replaced with online only.

Wellcome Trust
The Wellcome Trust is a charitable foundation focused on health research based in London, United Kingdom. It was established in 1936 with legacies from the pharmaceutical magnate Henry Wellcome (founder of Burroughs Wellcome, one of the predecessors of GSK plc) to fund research to improve human and animal health. The aim of the Trust is to "support science to solve the urgent health challenges facing everyone." It had a financial endowment of £37.6 billion in 2025, making it the fourth wealthiest charitable foundation in the world. In 2012, the Wellcome Trust was described by the Financial Times as the United Kingdom's largest provider of non-governmental funding for scientific research, and one of the largest providers in the world. According to their annual report, the Wellcome Trust spent GBP £1.1 billion on charitable activities across their 2023/2024 financial year. According to the OECD, the Wellcome Trust's financing for 2019 development increased by 22% to US$327 million.
Nektarios Alexandrou
Nektarios Alexandrou (Greek: Νεκτάριος Αλεξάνδρου; born 19 December 1983 in Nicosia, Cyprus) is a Greek Cypriot former professional footballer. He was a left flank specialist, but he primarily played as the left winger.

2014–15 Cypriot First Division
The 2014–15 Cypriot First Division was the 76th season of the Cypriot top-level football league. It began on 23 August 2014 and ended on 24 May 2015. APOEL were the defending champions.

The league this edition was reduced from 14 to 12 teams: ten teams from the 2013–14 season and two promoted teams from the 2013–14 B1 Division. APOEL won the league for a 24th successive time and a third consecutive season, after 62 points.
2024 deaths in the United Kingdom
The following notable deaths of British people occurred in 2024. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order. A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:

Name, age, citizenship at birth, nationality (in addition to British), or/and home nation, what subject was noted for, birth year, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Swansea RFC
Swansea Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team which plays in the Super Rygbi Cymru. The club play at St Helen's Rugby and Cricket Ground in Swansea and are also known as The Whites, in reference to their home kit colours.
2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon
The 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon were held on November 5, 2024, to elect the six U.S. representatives from the state of Oregon, one from each of the state's congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2024 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary elections occurred on May 21, 2024.

2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon
The 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon were held on November 8, 2022, to elect the six U.S. representatives from the state of Oregon, one from each of the state's six congressional districts. Primaries for these seats were held on May 17, 2022. The elections coincided with the elections and primaries of other federal and state offices.

District boundaries were redrawn to ensure that the districts are apportioned based on data from the 2020 United States census, which added a sixth seat to Oregon's delegation. Democrats won the new sixth district, but Republicans gained Oregon's fifth district, leaving the congressional delegation with a four to two party split in favor of the Democrats. This was the first time since 1994 that Republicans won more than one House seat in Oregon.