hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vector generalized linear model
In statistics, the class of vector generalized linear models (VGLMs) was proposed to 
enlarge the scope of models catered for by generalized linear models (GLMs).
In particular, VGLMs allow for response variables outside the classical exponential family
and for more than one parameter. Each parameter (not necessarily a mean) can be transformed by a link function.
The VGLM framework is also large enough to naturally accommodate multiple responses; these are
several independent responses each coming from a particular statistical distribution with
possibly different parameter values.

Vector generalized linear models are described in detail in Yee (2015).
The central algorithm adopted is the iteratively reweighted least squares method,
for maximum likelihood estimation of usually all the model parameters. In particular, 
Fisher scoring is implemented by such, which, for most models,
uses the first and expected second derivatives of the log-likelihood function.

Level of measurement
Level of measurement or scale of measure is a classification that describes the nature of information within the values assigned to variables. Psychologist Stanley Smith Stevens developed the best-known classification with four levels, or scales, of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. This framework of distinguishing levels of measurement originated in psychology and has since had a complex history, being adopted and extended in some disciplines and by some scholars, and criticized or rejected by others. Other classifications include those by Mosteller and Tukey, and by Chrisman.
Berowra Creek, New South Wales
Berowra Creek was a remote northern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The former suburb of Berowra Creek was composed of several different waterfront locations near and around the 30 km long Berowra Creek watercourse, within the Hornsby Shire Council area. Access to these waterfront locations is via boat only. The use of the name "Berowra Creek" as a suburb was discontinued in 2021, with the area being merged into the neighbouring locality of Berowra Waters.

Berowra Waters
Berowra Waters is an outer suburb of Northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Berowra is located 40 kilometres north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Hornsby Shire. Berowra Waters is north-west of the suburbs of Berowra Heights and west of Berowra.

Berowra Waters is located on Berowra Creek, a tributary of the Hawkesbury River. The Berowra Waters Ferry, a toll-free car ferry, connects the east bank to the west bank with winding roads ascending uphill on both sides.

Notable residents include Australian actress Cate Blanchett and her husband Andrew Upton.
You Were Never Uglier
You Were Never Uglier is a 1944 American comedy short subject motion picture directed and produced by Jules White and written by Felix Adler, starring Andy Clyde, Emmett Lynn, and Esther Howard. It was released to theaters by Columbia Pictures on June 2, 1944. The film is a remake of Columbia's 1935 comedy Gobs of Trouble, starring Monty Collins and Tom Kennedy. The title is a parody of Columbia's recent feature film You Were Never Lovelier.

You Were Never Uglier was remade in 1952 as Hooked and Rooked, with Margie Liszt and Maxine Gates playing the roles of the fiancées.

You Were Never Lovelier
You Were Never Lovelier is a 1942 American musical romantic comedy film directed by William A. Seiter and starring Fred Astaire and Rita Hayworth. The supporting cast also features Adolphe Menjou, Xavier Cugat and Adele Mara. The music was composed by Jerome Kern and the lyrics by Johnny Mercer. The picture was released by Columbia Pictures and includes the elaborate "Shorty George" and romantic "I'm Old Fashioned" song and dance sequences.

The film, a Hollywood remake of the 1941 Argentine romantic comedy Los martes, orquídeas (On Tuesdays, Orchids), is set in Buenos Aires.
2013 WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship
The 2013 WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship was the 15th WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship, played February 20–24 at The Golf Club at Dove Mountain in Marana, Arizona, northwest of Tucson.

Matt Kuchar won his first WGC event, 2&1 over runner-up Hunter Mahan, the defending champion. This was the first of four World Golf Championships in 2013. Weather delays due to snow disrupted the schedule.

Marana, Arizona
Marana (/məˈræ.nə/) is a town that mostly lies in Pima County with a small portion in Pinal County, in the U.S. state of Arizona. It is located northwest of Tucson, Arizona. As of the 2020 census, the population of the town was 51,908.
Imperial Theatre (Tokyo)
The Imperial Theatre (帝国劇場, Teikoku Gekijō), often referred to simply as the Teigeki (帝劇), and previously the Imperial Garden Theater, is a Japanese theater located in Marunouchi, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan operated by Toho.

Marunouchi
Marunouchi (丸の内) is an area in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, located between Tokyo Station and the Imperial Palace. The name, meaning "inside the circle", derives from its location within the palace's outer moat. Marunouchi is the core of Tokyo's central business district as well as one of the main financial centres in Japan. 20 of the Fortune Global 500 companies are headquartered in the area as of 2021, while many other such companies based outside Japan have Asian or Japanese offices there. Together with the neighbouring districts of Yūrakuchō (有楽町) and Ōtemachi (大手町), Marunouchi is part of a larger business district sometimes referred to as Daimaruyū (大丸有).
Ulmus minor 'Coritana'
The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Coritana' was originally claimed by Melville, while he was searching in the neighbourhood of Leicestershire in 1936 for U. elegantissima, as a new species, which he called U. coritana. He later recorded its distribution in the counties of Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire, Norfolk, Oxfordshire, Suffolk and Warwickshire. Richens, however, dismissed U. coritana as 'an artificial aggregate' of local forms of Field Elm. Bean noted (1988) that Melville's U. coritana was not recognised in the Flora of the British Isles as a species distinct from U. carpinifolia [:U. minor].

By the proposed rule that known or suspected clones of U. minor, once cultivated and named, should be treated as cultivars, the tree would be designated U. minor 'Coritana'.

Ulmus × hollandica 'Elegantissima'
The hybrid elm cultivar Ulmus × hollandica 'Elegantissima' was the name given by A. R. Horwood in his Flora of Leicestershire and Rutland (1933) to an elm found in those counties  and later identified by Melville as a natural hybrid between Wych Elm and Plot Elm. According to Melville, the hybrid occurs in the main areas of Plot Elm distribution, where it is more common than Plot Elm itself. The tree is sometimes known simply as the 'Midlands Elm'.

The tree should not be confused with U. suberosa (: minor?) elegantissima Hort. listed by Kirchner, in Kirchner & Petzold's Arboretum Muscaviense (1864), as a synonym for U. minor 'Viminalis Variegata' (:'Marginata').
Kottarakkara Assembly constituency
Kottarakara or Kottarakkara is a legislative assembly constituency in Kollam district of Kerala, India. It is one among the 11 assembly constituencies in Kollam district. As of the 2016 assembly elections, the current MLA is K N Balagopal of CPI(M).

Kollam district
Kollam district (Malayalam: [kolːɐm] ⓘ), (formerly known as Quilon district) is one of 14 districts of the state of Kerala, India. The district has a cross-section of Kerala's natural attributes; it is endowed with a long coastline, a major Laccadive Sea seaport and an inland lake (Ashtamudi Lake). The district has many water bodies. Kallada River is one among them, and land on the east bank of the river is East Kallada and that on the west bank is West Kallada.
2006–07 Oral Roberts Golden Eagles men's basketball team
The 2006–07 Oral Roberts Golden Eagles men's basketball team represented Oral Roberts University during the 2006–07 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Golden Eagles, led by 8th year head coach Scott Sutton, played their home games at the Mabee Center and were members of Mid-Continent Conference. They finished the season 23–11, 12–2 in league play to be crowned regular season champions. They won the Mid-Continent Conference tournament to receive an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament as No. 14 seed in the East region. The Golden Eagles lost to No. 3 seed Washington State in the opening round.

2007 Mid-Continent Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2007 Mid-Continent Conference men's basketball tournament took place between Saturday, March 2, 2007 and Tuesday, March 5, 2007, at the John Q. Hammons Arena in Tulsa, Oklahoma.

The Oral Roberts Golden Eagles won the championship to secure their 4th trip to the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship.

This was the conference's final tournament under the Mid-Continent Conference name. During the 2007 offseason, the MCC adopted its current name The Summit League.
Northwest Hounded Police
Northwest Hounded Police is a 1946 American animated short film directed by Tex Avery, produced by Fred Quimby, and featuring Droopy and Avery's wolf character. A remake of Droopy's first cartoon Dumb-Hounded (also adopting elements from Avery's 1941 Bugs Bunny cartoon Tortoise Beats Hare), the short revolves around the wolf (an escaped criminal) on the run from Droopy, who is trailing the wolf in order to capture him. The title is a play on words on the film North West Mounted Police (1940).

North West Mounted Police (film)
North West Mounted Police is a 1940 American epic north-western film produced and directed by Cecil B. DeMille and starring Gary Cooper and Madeleine Carroll. Written by Alan Le May, Jesse Lasky Jr., and C. Gardner Sullivan, and based on the 1938 novel The Royal Canadian Mounted Police by R. C. Fetherstonhaugh, the film is about a Texas Ranger who joins forces with the North-West Mounted Police to put down a rebellion in the north-west prairies of Canada. The supporting cast features Paulette Goddard, Preston Foster, Robert Preston, Akim Tamiroff, Lon Chaney Jr. and George Bancroft. Regis Toomey, Richard Denning, Rod Cameron, and Robert Ryan make brief appearances in the film playing small roles.

North West Mounted Police was DeMille's first film in Technicolor. The film premiered on October 21, 1940, in Regina, Saskatchewan. The film received an Academy Award for Best Film Editing (Anne Bauchens).
Pozzuoli
Pozzuoli (Italian: [potˈtswɔːli]; Neapolitan: Pozzule [pətˈtsuːlə]; Latin: Puteoli) is a city and comune (municipality) of the Metropolitan City of Naples, in the Italian region of Campania. It is the main city of the Phlegrean Peninsula.

Pozzolanic activity
Pozzolanic activity is a measure of the reaction rate between a pozzolan and Ca2+ or calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) in the presence of water. The rate of the pozzolanic reaction is dependent on the intrinsic characteristics of the pozzolan such as the specific surface area, the chemical composition, and the active phase content.

Physical surface adsorption is not considered as being part of the pozzolanic activity, because no irreversible molecular bonds are formed in the process.
Asemum striatum
Asemum striatum, the black spruce borer, is a beetle species belonging to the family Cerambycidae, subfamily Spondylidinae.

This beetle is present in most of Europe, the East Palearctic realm, the Near East, Nearctic realm, and Indomalayan realm.

The adults grow up to 8–23 millimetres (0.31–0.91 in) and can be encountered from May through August, completing their life cycle in two to three years. Head and pronotum are usually black, while elytrae are black or brownish, with various longitudinal ridges (hence the specific name).

They are polyphagous in coniferous trees (mainly feeding on Pinus sylvestris, Pinus mugo and Pinus nigra, but also on Picea abies and Abies or Larix species). Larvae develop under bark of host plants, later in dead branches and stumps of trees.

Spondylidinae
Spondylidinae (often misspelled "Spondylinae") are a small subfamily of Cerambycidae including slightly over 100 species, primarily in the coniferous forests of the Boreal hemisphere. A few species occur in coniferous forests in tropical and subtropical areas (Mexico, Cuba), while very few genera (e.g., Zamium) are present in Austral Africa and Madagascar (e.g., Masatopus).
Alan Feinberg
Alan Feinberg (born in New York City) is an American classical pianist. He has premiered over 300 works by such composers as John Adams, Milton Babbitt, John Harbison, Charles Ives,  Steve Reich, and Charles Wuorinen, as well as the premiere of Mel Powell's Pulitzer Prize winning Duplicates. He is an experienced performer of both classical and contemporary music and is well known for recitals that pair old and new music.

Cleveland Orchestra
The Cleveland Orchestra is an American orchestra based in Cleveland, Ohio, United States.  Founded in 1918 by the pianist and impresario Adella Prentiss Hughes, the orchestra is one of the five American orchestras informally referred to as the "Big Five".  The orchestra plays most of its concerts at Severance Music Center. Its current music director is Franz Welser-Möst.
Miguel Ferrera
Miguel Adrian Ferrera Rodríguez (born 25 May 1981) is a Honduran taekwondo practitioner. Ferrera qualified for the men's 80 kg class at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, after placing second from the Pan American Qualification Tournament in Cali, Colombia. He lost the preliminary round of sixteen match to China's Zhu Guo, with a final score of 1–3. Ferrera was also the nation's flag bearer at the opening ceremony.

In 2015, Ferrera became the first athlete from Honduras to be inducted into the World Hall of Fame of the International Taekwondo Federation (ITF). ITF also granted him a wild card entry spot at the 2016 Olympics.

Ferrera competed for Honduras at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro in the men's 80 kg class. He was defeated by Mehdi Khodabakhshi of Iran in the first round. He was the flag bearer for Honduras in the closing ceremony.

Mehdi Khodabakhshi
Mehdi Khodabakhshi (Persian: مهدی خدابخشی, Serbian Cyrillic: Махди Ходабахши; born April 21, 1991, in Tonekabon, Iran) is an Iranian-born Serbian Taekwondo practitioner. He was two times world champion, in 2014 and in 2022.
Hampus Nessvold
Hampus Erik Nessvold (born 9 May 1996) is a Swedish comedian, actor, and scriptwriter. Nessvold presented the Sveriges Radio show Zia och Nessvold i P3 (2017–2018) along with Oscar Zia. In 2021, Nessvold appeared in his own documentary film on SVT called Hur är Hampus i sängen?. In 2023, Nessvold acted in the play Peter Pan går åt helvete at Cirkus in Stockholm along with Pernilla Wahlgren, Per Andersson, David Batra and Ola Forssmed. In 2023, Nessvold along with Mia Skäringer did the stage show Just idag mår vi bra. Nessvold hosted Melodifestivalen 2026, together with Gina Dirawi.

Per Andersson (actor)
Per Andersson (born 1976) is a Swedish actor, comedian and director. He is one of the founders of the comedy group Grotesco. He has also been part of several of Sweden's best known television shows like Allsång på Skansen and Parlamentet.
Afeida Khandaker
Afeida Khandaker Pranti (born November 18, 2006; Bengali: আফঈদা খন্দকার প্রান্তি) is a Bangladeshi professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Rajshahi Stars FC and the Bangladesh national team, which she captains.

Bangladesh Women's Football League
The Bangladesh Women's Football League (WFL), officially known as the UCB Women's Football League for sponsorship reasons and formerly as WFL, is a professional association football league and the highest level of women's club football competition in Bangladesh. Established in 2011, the league is run by the Bangladesh Football Federation.
Numugen languages
The Numugen (Numagen) languages are a small family of closely related languages in the Madang branch of the Trans–New Guinea languages (TNG) phylum of New Guinea, spoken in the region of the Numagen River.

The languages are:

Usan (Wanuma), Karian (Bilakura), Yaben, Yarawata, Parawen, Ukuriguma

Karian language
Karian (Karen), also called Bilakura, is a nearly extinct Papuan language of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in Boia and Barto villages. Some speakers also live in Malas, a Manep-speaking village.
TeachMeet
A TeachMeet is an informal meeting (in the style of an unconference), organised by teacher for teachers to share good practice, practical innovations and personal insights on teaching in a convivial atmosphere. TeachMeet events are open to all, do not charge an entry fee, and take place in a social setting.
These events are often organised to coincide with other educational events like the Scottish Learning Festival and the British Educational Technology and Training Show BETT.

Participants volunteer to demonstrate good practice they've delivered over the past year, or discuss a resource that enhances classroom practice.

Unconference
An unconference is a participant-driven meeting. The term "unconference" has been applied to a wide range of gatherings that try to avoid hierarchical aspects of a conventional conference, such as sponsored presentations and top-down organization.
France women's national rugby sevens team
France women's national rugby sevens team represents France in the Rugby Europe Women's Sevens, World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens and the Summer Olympic Games. They are currently the 2023 European Champions; they were also champions in 2007 and 2015. France has competed in the Summer Olympics since its debut at the 2016 Rio Olympics and were silver medalists at the 2020 Games.

They have been a core team in the Women's Sevens Series since the 2014–15 season. They have also competed in the Sevens World Cup since the inauguration of the women's tournament in 2009, and were silver medalists in 2018.

Spain women's national rugby sevens team
Spain women's national rugby sevens team participates in the European Women's Sevens Series and finished second overall in the 2012 FIRA-AER Women's Sevens Grand Prix Series. Spain qualified for the 2016 Summer Olympics by winning the 2016 Women's Rugby Sevens Final Olympic Qualification Tournament in Dublin, Ireland. They defeated Russia in the finals 19–12.
The Texas (locomotive)
Western & Atlantic Railroad #49 "Texas" is a 4-4-0 "American" type steam locomotive built in 1856 for the Western & Atlantic Railroad by Danforth, Cooke & Co., best known as the principal pursuit engine in the Great Locomotive Chase, chasing the General after the latter was stolen by Union saboteurs in an attempt to ruin the Confederate rail system during the American Civil War. The locomotive is preserved at the Atlanta History Center.

United States Military Railroad
The U.S. Military Railroad (USMRR) was established by the United States War Department as a separate agency to operate any rail lines seized by the government during the American Civil War.  An Act of Congress of 31 January 1862 authorized President Abraham Lincoln to seize control of the railroads and telegraph for military use in January 1862.  In practice, however, the USMRR restricted its authority to Southern rail lines captured in the course of the war. As a separate organization for rail transportation, the USMRR is one of the predecessors of the modern United States Army Transportation Corps.
Pacific Lutheran University Crew
This article features terminology unique to rowing.  For further information see main article Glossary of Rowing Terms

PLU Crew is the varsity rowing program for Pacific Lutheran University in Tacoma, Washington.   Today the team consists of a varsity Women's programs, a member of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III, as well as the Northwest Conference, and a club Men's program.

NCAA Division III rowing championship
The NCAA Division III rowing championship is the annual rowing regatta hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the champions of women's collegiate heavyweight (or openweight) rowing among its Division III member programs in the United States.

The most successful program has been Williams, with nine titles.

Tufts are the defending champions, winning their second national title in 2025.
National symbols of Nepal
Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by two countries: China by the north and India by the east, west and south. It borders the Himalayas including the highest peak, Mount Everest, which is also the highest point on Earth. The Government of Nepal had officially adopted several national symbols such as Nepali as the language, the national flag featuring the Himalayas (removed in 1962) with the Sun and the Moon, rhododendron (Rhododendron arboreum) as the national flower, crimson as the national colour, the Himalayan monal (Lophophorus impejanus) as the national bird, and cow as the national animal.

Flag of Nepal
The flag of Nepal is a concave pentagonal flag of red, white, and blue colour. It is used as both the state and civil flag of Nepal. It is the only non-rectangular national flag in the world. The flag's unique shape is a combination of two single pennants, and is known as a double-pennon. The red colour of the field represents bravery and Nepal's national flower, the rhododendron, while the blue colour of the border represents peace.

The current flag was adopted on 16 December 1962, along with the formation of a new constitutional government. Shankar Nath Rimal, a civil engineer, standardised the flag on the request of King Mahendra. It borrows from the original, traditional design, used throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, and is a combination of the two individual pennons used by rival branches of the ruling dynasty. Until 1962, the flag's emblems, both the sun and the crescent moon, had human faces, but they were removed to modernise the flag.
Micrococcoides hystricis
Micrococcoides hystricis is a Gram-positive species of bacteria from the family Micrococcaceae which has been isolated from the faeces of an Indian crested porcupine from the Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden in Hungary.

Micrococcaceae
Micrococcaceae, from Ancient Greek μικρός (mikrós), meaning "small", and κόκκος (kókkos), meaning "sphere", includes bacterial genera of Gram positive cocci that inhabit the air and skin, such as  Micrococcus luteus.