hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jean-Baptiste Moens
Jean-Baptiste Philippe Constant Moens (27 May 1833, Tournai – 28 April 1908) was a Belgian philatelist recognized as the first dealer in stamps for collectors. He was one of the original philatelic journalists.

Stamp dealer
A stamp dealer is a company or individual engaged in the trade of stamps and philatelic products. This includes those who sell postage stamps for everyday use as well as revenue stamps for use on court documents. Stamp dealers who sell to stamp collectors and philatelists are of many kinds and their businesses range from small home operations to large international companies.
Benjamin Verdery
Benjamin Verdery (born 1955) is an American classical guitarist, composer and teacher. Verdery has performed at venues including Carnegie Hall, Concertgebouw (Amsterdam), Lincoln Center, the Metropolitan Opera, and Wigmore Hall (London). He has played and recorded with a wide range of classical and other musicians, including guitarists William Coulter, Leo Kottke, Paco Peña, Andy Summers and John Williams, vocalist Hermann Prey, composer Anthony Newman, and his wife, flutist Rie Schmidt. New York Times classical music critic Allan Kozinn described Verdery as "one of the guitar’s grand individualists" and "an iconoclastic player," known as much for his devotion to new music and transcriptions of Jimi Hendrix songs as for inventive interpretations of Bach. As of 2021, Verdery had released 19 albums and been featured on several others. He has taught at the Yale School of Music since 1985.

Leo Kottke
Leo Kottke (born September 11, 1945) is an American acoustic guitarist. He is known for a fingerpicking style that draws on blues, jazz, and folk music, and for syncopated, polyphonic melodies. He has overcome a series of personal obstacles, including partial loss of hearing and a nearly career-ending bout with tendon damage in his right hand, to emerge as a widely recognized master of his instrument. He resides in the Minneapolis area with his family.

Focusing primarily on instrumental composition and playing, Kottke also sings sporadically, in an unconventional yet expressive baritone described by himself as sounding like "geese farts on a muggy day". In concert, Kottke intersperses humorous and often bizarre monologues with vocal and instrumental selections from throughout his career, played solo on six- and 12-string guitars.
Kaʻiana
Kaʻiana, also known as Keawe-Kaʻiana-a-ʻAhuʻula, (about 1755 – 1795) was a Native Hawaiian warrior and aliʻi of Puna, Hawai‘i, who turned against Kamehameha I in 1795 during his conquest of Oahu and then sided with the island's ruler, Kalanikupule.

Aliʻi
The aliʻi were the traditional nobility of the Hawaiian islands. They were part of a hereditary line of rulers, the noho aliʻi. There were many classes of aliʻi (or chief) and the position could be held by a man or a woman.

Cognates of the word aliʻi have a similar meaning in other Polynesian languages; in Māori it is ariki and in Tahitian ari'i.
Carlene (name)
Carlene is a girl's given name, a variant of Charlene, that reached a peak of popularity in America in the 1950s. US birth records show over 12,000 birth names as Carlene from 1916 to 1972 with a peak of 371 birth names in 1955.

Several songs have been titled after the name – by the New Monkees (1987), then the best-known Carlene (Phil Vassar song), and a song by Westbound Train (2003).

Charlene (given name)
Charlene, also spelled Charleen and Charlyne, is a feminine given name, a feminine form of Charles coined in the United States in the nineteenth century; from French Charles, from Old French Charles & Carles, from the Latin Carolus, from and also reinfluenced by Old High German Karl, from the Proto-Germanic *karlaz (lit. "Free Man"/"Free Spirit"/Free Thinker); compare the Old English word churl and the Old German Kerl.
Mizpah (Moab)
Mizpah ('watchtower') was either a royal city or fortress in Moab to which David removed his parents for safety during his persecution by Saul (1 Sam. 22:3). Modern day sites suggested as its possible location include Kerak (Kir-Moab) and Rujm el-Meshrefeh in Jordan.

Moab
Moab (/ˈmoʊæb/) was an ancient Levantine kingdom whose territory is today located in southern Jordan. The land is mountainous and lies alongside much of the eastern shore of the Dead Sea. The existence of the Kingdom of Moab is attested to by numerous archaeological findings, most notably the Mesha Stele, which describes the Moabite victory over an unnamed son of King Omri of Israel, an episode also noted in 2 Kings 3. The Moabite capital was Dibon. According to the Hebrew Bible, Moab was often in conflict with its Israelite neighbours to the west.
2026 World Rugby Junior World Championship
the 2026 World Rugby Junior World Championship (Georgian: 2026 წლის 20-წლამდელთა მსოფლიო ჩემპიონატი რაგბში, Romanized: 2026 ts'lis 20-ts'lamdelta msoplio chempionati ragbshi) is the upcoming, 16th premier age-grade (World Rugby Under-20 Championship) rugby union competition. The tournament will be hosted in Tbilisi and Kutaisi. This is the second edition to be held in Georgia, with first being in 2017. That edition was also hosted in Tbilisi and Kutaisi. This edition is third to feature 16 teams, with first and second being 2008 (inaugural) and 2009 editions. The 16 participating teams are the 12 teams which participated in the 2025 edition, 12th team of  2024 edition and 3 teams that finished among the top 4 in the 2024 trophy.

2024 World Rugby U20 Championship
The 2024 World Rugby U20 Championship was the 14th edition of the premier age-grade (World Rugby Under-20 Championship) rugby union competition. The tournament was hosted in South Africa for the third time, previously being held in 2012 and 2023. Played over twenty-one days in the Western Cape locations of Stellenbosch and Cape Town, the U20 Championship features the twelve best U20 nations in the world competing for the world title.

The defending champions were France whom had won the previous three tournaments back-to-back.

England won the competition defeating France in the final, 21–13. Going into the tournament, the two finalists had met each other earlier in the year (March 2024) at the 2024 U20 Six Nations Championship. England had also won that fixture, 31–45.
1962 Rajshahi massacres
The Rajshahi massacres, marked by widespread ethnic violence and killings of minority Hindus, took place in April 1962 in the Rajshahi and Pabna districts of East Pakistan. People and property were attacked. Around three hundred non-Muslims died in the massacre. In 1958, the military junta led by Ayub Khan came to power in Pakistan.

Pabna District
Pabna District (Bengali: পাবনা জেলা) is a district in west central Bangladesh. It is a geographically and economically important district. Its administrative capital is the eponymous Pabna town. The main five rivers of this district are: Padma, Jamuna, Baral, Atrai and Chiknai.
Tenno, Trentino
Tenno (Tén in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Trento.

Tenno borders the following municipalities: Comano Terme, Fiavè, Arco, Ledro and Riva del Garda. Its neighborhood of Canale is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Tenno contains the waterfalls of Cascate del Varone. Tenno hosts an yearly summer festival called Quarta d'Agosto (Fourth of August) which is celebrated the fourth Sunday of August, in Cologna.

Riva del Garda
Riva del Garda (Rìva in local dialect) is a town and comune in the northern Italian province of Trento of the Trentino Alto Adige region. It is also known simply as Riva and is located at the northern tip of Lake Garda.
Estradiol benzoate/progesterone
Estradiol benzoate/progesterone (EB/P4), sold under the brand names Duogynon and Sistocyclin among others, is a combination medication of estradiol benzoate (EB), an estrogen, and progesterone (P4), a progestogen. It has been formulated both as short-acting oil solutions and long-acting microcrystalline aqueous suspensions and is given by injection into muscle either once or continuously at regular intervals.

EB/P4 was one of the first combined estrogen and progestogen medications to be introduced for medical use. It was first marketed in Germany as an oil solution in 1950. Microcrystalline EB/P4 in aqueous suspension was developed and marketed under the brand name Sistocyclin several years later. EB/P4 was eventually superseded by longer-acting parenteral estrogen–progestogen combinations as well as by oral estrogen–progestogen combinations.

Emergency contraception
Emergency contraception (EC) is a birth control measure, used after sexual intercourse to prevent pregnancy.

There are different forms of EC. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), sometimes simply referred to as emergency contraceptives (ECs), or the morning-after pill, are medications intended to disrupt or delay ovulation or fertilization, which are necessary for pregnancy.

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) – usually used as a primary contraceptive method – are sometimes used as the most effective form of emergency contraception. However, the use of IUDs for emergency contraception is relatively rare.
Köterberg
The Köterberg (German pronunciation: [ˈkøːtɐˌbɛʁk]), at 495.8 m (1,627 ft) above sea level, is the highest hill in the Lippe Uplands and lies on the state border between North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony in North Germany. On its northern slopes is the village of  Köterberg.

Habichtswald
For the town in Germany, see Habichtswald, Hesse.

The Habichtswald is a small mountain range, covering some 35 km2 and rising to a height of 615 m, immediately west of the city of Kassel in northern Hesse in Germany.

It is part of a central European volcanic arc. Tuffs from Habichtswald have been used as building-stone material in local churches.

The bulk of the range is a nature reserve.  The remainder lies within the city limits of Kassel and is partly settled. The castle and park of Wilhelmshöhe are located within the Habichtswald.
Henri Crisafulli
Henri Xavier François Pierre Crisafulli (29 June 1827, Naples – 5 March 1900, Paris age 62) was a 19th-century French playwright and novelist.

Crisafulli studied at collège Charlemagne in Paris. He made his theatre debut in 1855. In addition to his plays, he also wrote novels in collaboration with Gustave Aimard and translated from Dutch. He is buried at Montmartre Cemetery.

Montmartre Cemetery
The Cemetery of Montmartre (French: Cimetière de Montmartre) is a cemetery in the 18th arrondissement of Paris, France, that dates to the early 19th century. Officially known as the Cimetière du Nord, it is the third largest necropolis in Paris, after the Père Lachaise Cemetery and the Montparnasse Cemetery.
Sam McDowell
Samuel Edward Thomas McDowell (born September 21, 1942) is an American former professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as a starting pitcher from 1961 to 1975, most notably for the Cleveland Indians. A six-time All-Star, McDowell led the American League in strikeouts five times. Tall (6 feet, 5 inches) and powerful, his left-handed fastball was delivered with an unusually calm pitching motion which led to his memorable nickname, "Sudden Sam".

Bases on balls per nine innings pitched
In baseball statistics, bases on balls per nine innings pitched (BB/9IP or BB/9) or walks per nine innings  (denoted by W/9) is the average number of bases on balls, (or walks) given up by a pitcher per nine innings pitched. It is determined by multiplying the number of bases on balls allowed by nine, and dividing by the number of innings pitched. It is a measure of the bases on balls ability of a pitcher.
Sharad Sharma
Sharad Sharma is an Indian cartoonist based in New Delhi, India. He was associated with many newspapers and magazines before he switched to electronic media and introduced political animation to Indian TV news channels. In the late 1990s, he formed the organisation World Comics India to introduce the idea of grassroots comics. The idea was to take this new communication medium to the masses. He took the art of cartooning and comics to the rural hinterland of India and other South Asian countries. He has extensive experience from workshops with a variety of organisations in India and internationally. His cartoon strip Developmentoon has been published in several newspapers and websites internationally. He has also published several books and manuals.

Since 2006 he has been helping small organisations working in remote areas to initiate social campaigns using grassroots comics on issues like infanticide, foeticide, corporal punishment and paedophilia.

CNN-News18
CNN News18 is an Indian English-language news television channel founded by Raghav Bahl based in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is currently co-owned by Network18 Group and Warner Bros. Discovery. CNN provides international coverage for the channel, while Indian Broadcasting Network concentrates on Indian and local reports.

In May 2014, Reliance Industries announced it would be taking over Network18 Group. The move was touted as "the biggest-ever deal in the Indian media space". Reliance Industries already had indirect control of the TV18 network by virtue of investments it made in Network18 starting from January 2012.
Rahimabad, Pol-e Dokhtar
Rahimabad (Persian: رحيم اباد) is a village in, and the capital of, Jayedar-e Shomali Rural District of the Central District of Pol-e Dokhtar County, Lorestan province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Valieasr, and prior to that time, its capital was the village of Sarab Hammam (now a city).

Valieasr, Lorestan
Valieasr (Persian: وليعصر) is a village in Jayedar-e Jonubi Rural District of Bala Geriveh District, Pol-e Dokhtar County, Lorestan province, Iran, serving as capital of the district. It was previously the capital of Jayedar Rural District of the Central District. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Sarab Hammam (now a city).
Kludenbach
Kludenbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kirchberg, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis
Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis is a district (German: Kreis) in the middle of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Mayen-Koblenz, Rhein-Lahn, Mainz-Bingen, Bad Kreuznach, Birkenfeld, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Cochem-Zell.
Linhó, Sintra
Linhó is an affluent village in the municipality of Sintra, on the Portuguese Riviera, known for its resorts, restaurants, and its two prominent gated communities, Quinta da Penha Longa and Quinta da Beloura. Linhó is home to a large expatriate community, the only American school in Portugal (Carlucci American International School of Lisbon), and has hosted a Bilderberg Meeting.

Linhó is known for its gourmet culinary scene, including, artisanal food shops, fine dining, and events like Christmas markets and its annual Artisanal Beer Festival.

The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company
The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company, LLC is an American multinational company that operates the luxury hotel chain known as The Ritz-Carlton. The company has 108 luxury hotels and resorts in 30 countries and territories with 29,158 rooms, in addition to 46 hotels with 8,755 rooms planned for the future.

The current company was founded in 1983, when the previous owners sold the Ritz-Carlton brand name and the Ritz-Carlton hotel in Boston, Massachusetts. The brand was subsequently expanded to other locations. The company is currently a subsidiary of Marriott International.
TCEC Season 18
The 18th season of the Top Chess Engine Championship began on 4 May 2020 and ended on 3 July 2020. The defending champion was Leela Chess Zero, which defeated Stockfish in the previous season's superfinal. The two season 17 superfinalists qualified again for the superfinal. This time Stockfish won, winning by 7 games (+23−16=61).

Chess annotation symbols
When annotating chess games, commentators frequently use widely recognized annotation symbols. Question marks and exclamation points that denote a move as bad or good are ubiquitous in chess literature. Some publications intended for an international audience, such as the Chess Informant, have a wide range of additional symbols that transcend language barriers.

The common symbols for evaluating the merits of a move are "??", "?", "?!", "!?", "!", and "!!". The chosen symbol is appended to the text describing the move (e.g. Re7? or Kh1!?); see Algebraic chess notation.

Use of these annotation symbols is subjective, as different annotators use the same symbols differently or for a different reason.
Huishui Miao language
Huishui Miao, a.k.a. Huishui Hmong, is a Miao language of China. It is named after Huishui County, Guizhou, though not all varieties are spoken there. The endonym is Mhong, though it shares this with Gejia and it is simply a variant spelling of Hmong.

Huishui was given as a subgroup of Western Hmongic in Strecker (1987). Matisoff (2001) split it into four separate languages, and, conservatively, did not retain it as a group.

Hmong language
Hmong or Mong (/ˈmʌŋ/ MUNG; RPA: Hmoob, CHV: Hmôngz, Nyiakeng Puachue: 𞄀𞄩𞄰, Pahawh: 𖬌𖬣𖬵, [m̥ɔ̃́]) is a dialect continuum of the West Hmongic branch of the Hmongic languages spoken by the Hmong people of Southwestern China, northern Vietnam, Thailand, and Laos. There are an estimated 4.5 million speakers of varieties that are largely mutually intelligible, including over 280,000 Hmong Americans as of 2013. Over half of all Hmong speakers speak the various dialects in China, where the Dananshan dialect forms the basis of the standard language. However, Hmong Daw and Mong Leng are widely known only in Laos and the United States; Dananshan is more widely known in the native region of Hmong.
Auf zu neuen Horizonten
"Auf zu neuen Horizonten" (On to new horizons) is a Christian hymn with text by Helmut Schlegel, and music by Stephan Sahm. It is of the genre Neues Geistliches Lied. The song is included in the Catholic hymnal for young people, Ein Segen sein, and other songbooks.

Neues Geistliches Lied
Neues Geistliches Lied (German: [ˈnɔʏəs ˈɡaɪstlɪçəs ˈliːt], lit. new spiritual song), abbreviated NGL, is a music genre of songs in German intended for church usage, and based on contemporary lyrics and with music by contemporary composers.
Hérébo
Hérébo is a village in eastern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Gouméré, Bondoukou Department, Gontougo Region, Zanzan District.

Hérébo was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Gouméré
Gouméré (also spelled Gombélé) is a town in north-eastern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Bondoukou Department in Gontougo Region, Zanzan District.

Gouméré was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Gouméré was 15,906.
Axalphorn
46°42′37″N 8°03′39″E﻿ / ﻿46.710333°N 8.060817°E﻿ / 46.710333; 8.060817

Axalphorn (locally, Axalphoren) is a peak of the Bernese Oberland, at an altitude of 2321 m.
The summit is on the municipal border between Brienz and Brienzwiler.
The Axalp ski resort is on the northern slope of Axalphorn. 
On the Axalphorn ridge, west of the summit, is the Axalp-Ebenfluh installation of the Swiss Air Force. Installed in 1942, it is the site of the yearly live fire demonstration.

Brienz
Brienz (US: /briˈɛnts/ bree-ENTS, Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [briːnts] ⓘ, Alemannic German pronunciation: [b̥riə̯nts]) is a village and municipality on the northern shore of Lake Brienz, at the foot of the Brienzer Rothorn mountain, and in the Bernese Oberland region of Switzerland. Besides the village of Brienz, the municipality includes the settlements of Kienholz and Axalp.

Politically, the municipality is located in the Interlaken-Oberhasli administrative district of the canton of Bern.
Georgian Express Flight 126
Georgian Express Flight 126 was a scheduled domestic flight from Pelee, Ontario to Windsor, Ontario. On January 17, 2004 the Cessna 208B Grand Caravan crashed after takeoff due to icing and overloading, killing all ten people on board.

Air Georgian
Air Georgian Limited was a privately owned charter airline based at Toronto Pearson International Airport in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. Between 2000 and 2020 its main business was its operation as Air Canada Express on a Tier III codeshare with Air Canada for scheduled services on domestic and trans-border routes. Starting in 2020 Air Georgian began focusing on air charters, before ceasing operations in May, after a sale of its assets to Pivot Airlines, a company run by the same executives.

Air Georgian operated under the Subparts 704 and 705 of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CAR 704, CAR 705) and had completed the IATA Operational Safety Audit. Air Georgian pilots were represented by the Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA).
Josh Cumbee
Joshua Kissiah Cumbee is an American musician, multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter and record producer. He is best known for his artist collaborations with Armin van Buuren and as a songwriter for other artists.

Armada Music
Armada Music is a Dutch independent record label that specialises in releasing electronic dance music.

As of 2025, artists signed by Armada Music include Armin van Buuren, Bloom Twins, D.O.D., Eelke Kleijn, Loud Luxury, Shells, Sunnery James & Ryan Marciano, Themba and Trance Wax.
Quinanga of Kongo
Quinanga of Kongo (c. 1381-c. 1435) was the second ruler or manikongo of the Central African kingdom of Kongo, from the Lukeni kanda dynasty. He was born around 1381 and the dates and events of his reign are not exact, but he ruled from around 1420 to around 1435, when he died.  It is known that he was a cousin of the kingdom's founder, Lukeni lua Nimi.

Kilukeni
The Kilukeni were members of the Lukeni kanda or House of Kilukeni, the ruling dynasty of the Kingdom of Kongo from its inception in the late 14th century until the 1567 with the rise of the House of Kwilu. The Kilukeni were springboard for most of the major factions that battled for control of Kongo during its civil war.
King Edward VII's Town Coach
King Edward VII's Town Coach is a carriage of the Royal Mews, Buckingham Palace. Not being a state coach, it is much plainer than some of the other carriages kept at the Mews.

Formerly there were several similar town coaches in use, each with maroon-painted bodywork and a dark blue hammercloth. All were disposed of during the Second World War, with the exception of this one (named after Edward VII) which was put into storage. In 1964 it was restored, and at the same time four glass windows were added.

State coach
A state coach, also known as a gala coach, is a highly decorative ceremonial coach used in Europe by a monarch or head of state on state occasions. A four-wheeled vehicle for four passengers, it may be drawn at a walk by six or more horses with postilions, or be driven by two or more horses. The term is also used to indicate a formal town coach used by nobility and the wealthy for formal occasions, drawn by a pair of matching horses.: 154 : 101, 102

A state chariot, also called a gala chariot or dress chariot, is an elaborately decorated four-wheeled vehicle for two passengers for ceremonial occasions; often the front panel is replaced by a glass panel or windscreen.: 44, 154 : 85  The word chariot was used in England, and coupé in France.: 95