hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1597
United Nations Security Council resolution 1597, adopted unanimously on 20 April 2005, after recalling resolutions 827 (1993), 1166 (1998), 1329 (2003), 1411 (2002), 1431 (2002), 1481 (2003), 1503 (2003) and 1534 (2004), the Council amended the statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) in order to allow temporary judges to be re-elected.

The Security Council had received a new list of candidates for temporary judges at the ICTY, and the deadline for nominations had been extended until 31 March 2005, with the Secretary-General requesting a further extension. 27 judges elected by the General Assembly whose terms were to expire on 11 June 2005 were able to be re-elected and, acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, the statute was amended accordingly.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1503
United Nations Security Council resolution 1503, adopted unanimously on 28 August 2003, after recalling resolutions 827 (1993), 955 (1994), 978 (1995), 1165 (1998), 1166 (1998), 1329 (2000), 1411 (2002), 1431 (2002) and 1481 (2003), the Council decided to split the prosecutorial duties of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) which had previously been under the responsibility of one official, Carla Del Ponte, since 1999.
Bashir Ahmad Rahmati
Bashir Ahmad Rahmati (born June 5, 1985 in Afghanistan) is a retired amateur Afghan freestyle wrestler, who competed in the men's featherweight category. Under an Olympic Solidarity program, Rahmati qualified for the Afghan squad in the men's featherweight class (55 kg) at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens through a tripartite invitation from the International Federation of Associated Wrestling (FILA). He lost two straight matches to Uzbekistan's Dilshod Mansurov and Russia's Mavlet Batirov, who eventually took home the Olympic gold medal at the end of the tournament, with a greater superiority effort, finishing last in the prelim pool and twenty-second overall in the final standings.

Dilshod Mansurov
Dilshod Mansurov (born December 12, 1983, in Tashkent) is a male freestyle wrestler from Uzbekistan.  He participated in Men's freestyle 55 kg at 2008 Summer Olympics. He earned 4th place after losing the bronze medal fight with Besik Kudukhov.

Mansurov also participated in 2004 Summer Olympics where he was ranked 10th and the 2012 Summer Olympics where he was 14th.

He is a winner of 2003 and 2005 FILA Wrestling World Championships (Men's freestyle 55 kg).

Mansurov won gold medals at 2002 Asian Games and 2006 Asian Games and 2010 Asian Games.
Washingley
Washingley is a hamlet and former civil parish, now in the parish of Folksworth and Washingley, in Cambridgeshire, England. Washingley lies approximately 7 miles (11 km) south-west of Peterborough, near Folksworth. Washingley is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county of England. In 1931 the parish had a population of 69.

As shown on Ordnance Survey maps of the parish, Washingley is a shrunken medieval village.

Huntingdonshire
Huntingdonshire (/ˈhʌntɪŋdənʃər, -ʃɪər/; abbreviated Hunts) is a local government district in Cambridgeshire, England. 
The district had a population of 180,800 at the 2021 census, and has an area of 354.3 square miles (918 km2). The largest towns are St Neots (33,410), Huntingdon (25,428), and St Ives (16,815). The district council is based in Huntingdon.

Historically a county in its own right, Huntingdonshire's boundaries were established in the Anglo-Saxon era. Huntingdonshire became an administrative county in 1889. In 1965, it was merged with the Soke of Peterborough to form Huntingdon and Peterborough, which was in turn merged with Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely in 1974 to form Cambridgeshire, of which Huntingdonshire is now a district.
Bhadeshwar Union
Bhadeshwar Union (Bengali: ভাদেশ্বর ইউনিয়ন) is a Union Parishad under Golapganj Upazila of Sylhet District in the division of Sylhet, Bangladesh. It has an area of 33 square kilometres and a population of 50,000.

Mazar (mausoleum)
A mazār (Arabic: مَزَار), also transliterated as mazaar, also known as marqad (مَرْقَد) or in the Maghreb as ḍarīḥ (ضَرِيْح), is a mausoleum or shrine in some places of the world, typically that of a saint or notable religious leader. Medieval Arabic texts may also use the words mašhad (مَشْهَد) or maqām to denote the same concept.
The Isis Papers: The Keys to the Colors
The Isis Papers: The Keys to the Colors is a controversial 1991 collection of essays by Black American psychiatrist Frances Cress Welsing in which she explores the roots of white supremacy using psychoanalysis and melanin theory.

Melanin theory
Melanin theory is a set of pseudoscientific claims made by some proponents of Afrocentrism, which holds that black people, including ancient Egyptians, have superior mental, physical, and paranormal powers because they have higher levels of melanin, the primary skin pigment in humans.
Viacom International, Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.
Viacom International, Inc. v. YouTube, Inc., 676 F.3d 19 (2nd Cir., 2012), was a United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit decision regarding liability for copyright infringement committed by the users of an online video hosting platform.

The entertainment company Viacom sued YouTube, the video-sharing site owned by Google, alleging that YouTube had engaged in "brazen" and "massive" copyright infringement by allowing users to upload and view hundreds of thousands of videos owned by Viacom without permission. Google was brought into the litigation as YouTube's corporate owner. Google responded that the safe harbor provision of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act shielded the company from liability for the infringing behavior of its users. After an initial victory for YouTube at the district court level and then a reversal at the circuit court level, the parties settled out of court in 2014.

Discovery (law)
Discovery, in the law of common law jurisdictions, is a phase of pretrial procedure in a lawsuit in which each party, through the law of civil procedure, can obtain evidence from other parties. This is by means of methods of discovery such as interrogatories, requests for production of documents, requests for admissions and depositions.  Discovery can be obtained from nonparties using subpoenas.  When a discovery request is objected to, the requesting party may seek the assistance of the court by filing a motion to compel discovery. Conversely, a party or nonparty resisting discovery can seek the assistance of the court by filing a motion for a protective order.
Sar Hammam
Sar Hammam (Persian: سرحمام) is a village in Pazevar Rural District of Rudbast District in Babolsar County, Mazandaran province, Iran.

It is a northern suburb of Amirkola city. Nearby villages are Sepah Mahalleh and Said Kola to its east, Aysi Kola to its west, Darzi Naqib Kola to its northwest, and Kasegar Mahalleh to its north.

Sepah Mahalleh
Sepah Mahalleh (Persian: سپاه محله, also Romanized as Sepāh Maḩalleh; also known as Sepāh-e Dānesh) is a village in Pazevar Rural District, Rudbast District, Babolsar County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. It is a northern suburb of Amirkola city.

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 276 in 83 households. The following census in 2011 counted 208 people in 60 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 212 people in 81 households.
JNR Class EF70
The Class EF70 (EF70形) is a Bo-Bo-Bo wheel arrangement AC electric locomotive type operated by Japanese National Railways (JNR) in Japan from 1961 until the 1980s. 81 locomotives were built by Hitachi and Mitsubishi between 1961 and 1965.

Bo-Bo-Bo
A Bo-Bo-Bo or Bo′Bo′Bo′ (UIC classification) is a locomotive with three independent two-axle bogies with all axles powered by separate traction motors. In the AAR system, this is simplified to B-B-B due to the system only taking powered axles into consideration, not traction axles.

The Bo-Bo-Bo configuration is often used to lower axle weight while keeping lateral forces low compared to a locomotive with two three-axle bogies, thus allowing the locomotive to use lightly laid track, in particular narrow-gauge railways.
Gmina Zaleszany
Gmina Zaleszany is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Stalowa Wola County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Zaleszany, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-west of Stalowa Wola and 69 km (43 mi) north of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The gmina covers an area of 87.31 square kilometres (33.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,646 (10,904 in 2013).

Stalowa Wola County
Stalowa Wola County (Polish: powiat stalowowolski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Stalowa Wola, which lies 62 kilometres (39 mi) north of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The county covers an area of 832.92 square kilometres (321.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 103,293, out of which the population of Stalowa Wola is 60,799, and the rural population is 42,494.
Michael B. Surbaugh
Michael B. Surbaugh was the 13th Chief Scout Executive of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), having succeeded the retiring Wayne Brock on October 1, 2015.  He was previously Group Director of HR, Innovation, Exploring and Learning for Life for the BSA. Surbaugh first joined the organization as a professional scouter in 1983.

In November 2019, Surbaugh took a medical leave of absence.

On December 29, 2019, Surbaugh's retirement was announced via an email to BSA volunteers. He was succeeded by Roger Mosby.

Chief Scout Executive
The Chief Scout Executive is the president and chief executive officer of Scouting America. The office holder is a member of the organization’s professional staff and is responsible for its management and operations.

Roger Krone is the current chief scout executive, succeeding Roger Mosby after his retirement in November 2023. Krone is the first chief scout executive appointed after the organization emerged from bankruptcy.
Kazuyuki Toda
Kazuyuki Toda (戸田 和幸, Toda Kazuyuki; born 30 December 1977) is a Japanese professional football manager and former professional footballer who played as a midfielder or defender. He played for the Japan national team until 2002.

2001 FIFA Confederations Cup
The 2001 FIFA Confederations Cup was the fifth FIFA Confederations Cup and the third to be organized by FIFA. It was also the first in which the original hosts, Saudi Arabia, did not participate (they were the nation who founded the tournament, previously known as the King Fahd Cup). The tournament was played from 30 May to 10 June 2001, and co-hosted by South Korea and Japan, who were also hosts for the 2002 FIFA World Cup finals. It was won by France, beating hosts Japan 1–0, with a goal from Patrick Vieira.

By winning the tournament along with the 1998 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2000, France became the second team to simultaneously be World Cup champions, continental champions, and Confederations Cup winners, after Brazil in 1997.

The eight teams were split into two groups of four, in which each team played each of the others once, with the top two in each group advancing to the semi-finals.
Pharming (genetics)
Pharming, a portmanteau of farming and pharmaceutical, refers to the use of genetic engineering to insert genes that code for useful pharmaceuticals into host animals or plants that would otherwise not express those genes, thus creating a genetically modified organism (GMO). Pharming is also known as molecular farming, molecular pharming, or biopharming.

The products of pharming are recombinant proteins or their metabolic products.  Recombinant proteins are most commonly produced using bacteria or yeast in a bioreactor, but pharming offers the advantage to the producer that it does not require expensive infrastructure, and production capacity can be quickly scaled to meet demand, at greatly reduced cost.

Antithrombin
Antithrombin (AT) is a small glycoprotein that inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation system. It is a 464-amino-acid protein produced by the liver. It contains three disulfide bonds and a total of four possible glycosylation sites. α-Antithrombin is the dominant form of antithrombin found in blood plasma and has an oligosaccharide occupying each of its four glycosylation sites. A single glycosylation site remains consistently un-occupied in the minor form of antithrombin, β-antithrombin. Its activity is increased manyfold by the anticoagulant drug heparin, which enhances the binding of antithrombin to factor IIa (thrombin) and factor Xa.
Norrbotten Brigade
The Norrbotten Brigade, also known as the 19th Arctic Mechanised Brigade (NMekB 19), is a mechanised brigade of the Swedish Army based in Norrbotten County. It has been active since 2022, having previously served between 1949 and 2000. It is headquartered at Boden Garrison.

Boden Garrison
Boden Garrison (Swedish: Bodens garnison) is a major garrison in Sweden, located in and around Boden in Norrbotten County. The garrison has during the 20th century been, and still is, the largest garrison in Sweden, consisting of several units of the Swedish Armed Forces as well as Boden Fortress.
Herbolzheim
Herbolzheim (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛʁbɔltsˌhaɪm] ⓘ; Alemannic German: Härwelze) is a town in the district of Emmendingen, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated near the river Elz, 26 km north of Freiburg.

Emmendingen (district)
Emmendingen (German: Landkreis Emmendingen) is a Landkreis (district) in the west of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Ortenaukreis, Schwarzwald-Baar, Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald and the district-free city Freiburg. To the west it borders the French département Bas-Rhin.
Tatarchev Nunatak
Tatarchev Nunatak (Bulgarian: Татарчев нунатак, ‘Tatarchev Nunatak’ \ta-'tar-chev 'nu-na-tak\) is the rocky ridge rising to 645 m (central height) and 659 m (eastern one) and horseshoe-shaped, extending 3.2 km in north-south direction and 2.2 km in east-west direction on Oscar II Coast in Graham Land. It is part of the glacial divide between Hektoria Glacier to the west and Brenitsa Glacier to the east.  The feature is named after Hristo Tatarchev (1869-1952), a leader of the Bulgarian liberation movement in Macedonia.

Brenitsa Glacier
Brenitsa Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Бреница, romanized: lednik Brenitsa, IPA: [ˈlɛdniɡ brɛˈnit͡sɐ]) is the 14 km long and 4.5 km wide glacier on Oscar II Coast, Graham Land in Antarctica situated southwest of Drygalski Glacier, west of Rogosh Glacier and east of Hektoria Glacier.  Draining southwards from the south slopes of Foster Plateau east of Mount Quandary to flow into Vaughan Inlet, Weddell Sea next east of Hektoria Glacier.

The feature is named after the settlements of Brenitsa in northern and northeastern Bulgaria.
1990 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 1990 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship was the 27th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964. The championship began on 6 June 1990 ended on 9 September 1990.

Tipperary entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 9 September 1990, Kilkenny won the championship after a 2-11 to 1-11 defeat of Tipperary in the All-Ireland final. This was their fifth All-Ireland title overall and their first title since 1985.

Kilkenny's Jamesie Brennan was the championship's top scorer with 0-25.

1989 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship
The 1989 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship was the 26th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1964. The championship began on 7 June 1989 and ended on 10 September 1989.

Cork entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Tipperary in a Munster semi-final replay.

On 10 September 1989, Tipperary won the championship following a 4–10 to 3–11 defeat of Offaly in the All-Ireland final. This was their seventh All-Ireland title overall and their first title since 1985.

Tipperary's Dan Quirke was the championship's top scorer with 7-08.
Anthony Lombard
Anthony J P Lombard LL.B., served as Mayor of Gibraltar from 1 August 2010 to 31 July 2011.

He is the honorary consul of the Republic of Poland in Gibraltar and the recipient of the Officer's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland.

Mayor of Gibraltar
The Mayor of Gibraltar is the ceremonial official of the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. The mayor is appointed by the elected Members of Parliament and the office is situated at City Hall John Mackintosh Square. Since 16 June 2025, Nicky Guerrero succeeded Carmen Gomez (theatre actress, author and Miss Gibraltar 1970) for the role.
Cold seep
A cold seep (sometimes called a cold vent) is an area of the ocean floor where seepage of fluids rich in hydrogen sulfide, methane, and other hydrocarbons occurs, often in the form of a brine pool. Cold does not mean that the temperature of the seepage is lower than that of the surrounding sea water; on the contrary, its temperature is often slightly higher. The "cold" is relative to the very warm (at least 60 °C or 140 °F) conditions of a hydrothermal vent. Cold seeps constitute a biome supporting several endemic species.

Cold seeps develop unique topography over time, where reactions between methane and seawater create carbonate rock formations and reefs. These reactions may also be dependent on bacterial activity. Ikaite, a hydrous calcium carbonate, can be associated with oxidizing methane at cold seeps.

Mytilidae
The Mytilidae are a family of small to large marine and brackish-water bivalve molluscs in the order Mytilida. One of the genera, Limnoperna, even inhabits freshwater environments. Mytilidae, which contains some 52 genera, is the only extant family within the order Mytilida.

Species in the family Mytilidae are found worldwide, but they are more abundant in colder seas, where they often form uninterrupted beds on rocky shores in the intertidal zone and the shallow subtidal. The subfamily Bathymodiolinae is found in deep-sea habitats.

Mytilids include the well-known, edible sea mussels.

A common feature of the shells of mussels is an asymmetrical shell, which has a thick, adherent periostracum.  The animals attach themselves to a solid substrate using a byssus.

A 2020 study of the phylogeny of the Mytilidae recovered two main clades derived from an epifaunal ancestor, with subsequent lineages shifting to other lifestyles, and correlating convergent evolution of siphon traits.
Gabrielle Ray
Gabrielle Ray (born Gabrielle Elizabeth Clifford Cook, 28 April 1883 – 21 May 1973) was an English stage actress, dancer and singer, best known for her roles in Edwardian musical comedies.

Ray was considered one of the most beautiful actresses on the London stage and became one of the most photographed women in the world. In the first decade of the 20th century, she had a good career in musical theatre.  After an unsuccessful marriage, she returned to the stage, but she never recovered the fame that she had enjoyed. She later struggled with depression and spent her last 37 years in a mental hospital.

Gertie Millar
Gertrude Ward, Countess of Dudley (née Millar; 21 February 1879 – 25 April 1952), known as Gertie Millar, was an English actress and singer of the early 20th century, known for her performances in Edwardian musical comedies.

Beginning her career at age 13, Millar was a prominent star of musical comedies for two decades. In 1902, she married the composer Lionel Monckton, who wrote the scores of many of her shows and songs that she made famous. She was one of the most prominent West End theatre performers of the early 20th century, starring in such long-running hits as The Toreador (1901), The Orchid (1903) The Spring Chicken (1905), The New Aladdin (1906) The Girls of Gottenberg (1907), Our Miss Gibbs (1909), The Quaker Girl (1910), Gipsy Love (1912), The Dancing Mistress (1912), The Marriage Market (1913), and A Country Girl (1914).

After Monckton died in 1924, Millar married the 2nd Earl of Dudley.
Entropy (computing)
In computing, entropy is the randomness collected by an operating system or application for use in cryptography or other uses that require random data. This randomness is often collected from hardware sources (variance in fan noise or HDD), either pre-existing ones such as mouse movements or specially provided randomness generators. A lack of entropy can have a negative impact on performance and security.

Trusted Platform Module
A Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is a secure cryptoprocessor that implements the ISO/IEC 11889 standard. Common uses are verifying that the boot process starts from a trusted combination of hardware and software and storing disk encryption keys.

A TPM 2.0 implementation is part of the Windows 11 system requirements.
William Clyde Martin Jr.
William Clyde Martin Jr. (November 27, 1929 – September 15, 2013) was an American physicist. After receiving his Ph.D. degree from Princeton University in 1956, he joined the staff of the National Bureau of Standards (NBS: now NIST, the National Institute of Standards and Technology), where he was employed until his retirement in 1998.  As Chief of the NBS Atomic Spectroscopy Section (and its successor organizations) from 1962 to 1998, he led the development of its reference data resources on the spectra of rare-earth elements, substantially increased its coverage of highly excited and ionized species, and pioneered the publication of NIST Standard Reference Data on the internet.

Awards and decorations of the United States Department of Commerce
The awards and decorations of the United States Department of Commerce are civil awards and decorations which are presented to civilian and uniformed personnel of the U.S. Department of Commerce, and members of the American public, under the authority of the United States Secretary of Commerce. They include the Commerce Bronze Medal, Commerce Silver Medal, Commerce Gold Medal, President's "E" Award, and the Ron Brown Excellence in Innovation Award.

A further set of awards and decorations are authorized for use in the Department of Commerce's NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps ("NOAA Corps").
Burley Idaho Temple
The Burley Idaho Temple is a temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Burley, Idaho. Announced in April 2021 by church president Russell M. Nelson, the temple is on a 10.1-acre site at 40 South and 150 East, about half a mile southwest of the Snake River.

The two-story building is 45,300 square feet, with a central spire, and is the church’s seventh temple in Idaho. A groundbreaking ceremony was held on June 4, 2022, with Brent H. Nielson, a member of the Presidency of the Seventy and a Burley native, presiding. Following a media day on November 3 and invited guest tours on November 4–5, 2025, a public open house took place from November 6–22, 2025. The temple was dedicated by church president Dallin H. Oaks on January 11, 2026. This was the first temple Oaks dedicated since becoming church president.

Burley, Idaho
Burley (/ˈbʊrliː/) is a city in Cassia and Minidoka counties in southern Idaho, United States. The population was 11,704 at the 2020 census, up from 10,345 in 2010. The city is the county seat of Cassia County.

Burley is the principal city of the Burley, Idaho, Micropolitan Statistical Area, which comprises Cassia and Minidoka counties. Burley is the largest city in Cassia and Minidoka counties (collectively called the “Mini-Cassia” area), and the third-largest city in Idaho's Magic Valley region, after Twin Falls and Jerome.