hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Afrikaans grammar
This article describes the grammar of Afrikaans, a language spoken in South Africa and Namibia from the Indo-European, West Germanic, Low Franconian language family, which arose at the southern tip of Africa under the influence of various other languages and language groups.

The article discusses, among other things, the various synonyms for Afrikaans concepts, common language errors, spelling patterns, the compound and non-compound spelling of words and writing and punctuation marks. It also discusses abbreviations and acronyms, the different types of parts of speech that one finds in Afrikaans, gender, plural and diminutive as well as intensive forms, loanwords and language concepts. The article also focuses on the different parts of speech found in the Afrikaans language, syntax and sentence analysis, gives an overview of literary terminology and finally focuses on figurative and rhetorical language and literary stylistic devices.

Affix
In linguistics, an affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word or word form. The main two categories are derivational and inflectional affixes. Derivational affixes,  such as un-, -ation, anti-, pre- etc., introduce a semantic change to the word they are attached to. Inflectional affixes introduce a syntactic change, such as singular into plural (e.g. -(e)s), or present simple tense into present continuous or past tense by  adding -ing, -ed to an English word. All of them are bound morphemes by definition; prefixes and suffixes may be separable affixes.
Idmiston
Idmiston is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England. The village is about 3 miles (4.8 km) southeast of Amesbury and 6 miles (10 km) northeast of Salisbury. The parish includes the villages of Porton and Gomeldon; all three villages are on the River Bourne and are linked by the A338 road.

Porton Down military science park is in the parish, separated from Idmiston by a railway line. It is home to the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory and related businesses.

Salisbury
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bər-ee, locally /ˈsɔːzbəri/ SAWZ-bər-ee) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum. A new cathedral was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum. This continued to be its official name until 2009, when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Line and the Wessex Main Line.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.
Frankfort (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Frankfort was a constituency in the Orange Free State Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1953. Named after the town of Frankfort, the seat covered a rural area in the northeast of the province. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.
Joan Milke Flores
Joan Milke Flores  (May 9, 1936 – December 19, 2020) was an American politician, who served as a member of the Los Angeles City Council for the 15th district from 1981 to 1993. A member of the Republican Party in a largely Democratic body, she also served as the first freshman president pro tem in half a century. Milke Flores ran for California Secretary of State in 1990 and for a U.S. House seat in 1992.

John S. Gibson Jr.
John S. Gibson Jr. (August 11, 1902 – April 22, 1987) was an American politician, whose career spanned many decades and two states. A member of the Democratic Party from San Pedro, Gibson served on the Los Angeles City Council for the 15th district from 1951 and 1981, and did two lengthy stints as its president. Earlier in his life, Gibson's tenure as Mayor of Geneseo, Kansas made him the youngest elected mayor in the nation at the time.

Despite being politically powerful in San Pedro, Gibson ran at least three times unsuccessfully for other offices. In 1957, Gibson ran for Mayor of Los Angeles, but did not qualify for the ballot. He ran for Los Angeles County Assessor in 1962 and for the United States House of Representatives in 1968.
Yang Hao (volleyball)
Yang Hao (simplified Chinese: 杨昊; traditional Chinese: 楊昊; pinyin: Yáng Hào; born 21 March 1980) is a retired Chinese female volleyball player. She was a member of the Chinese team that won the gold medal at the 2004 Athens Olympic Games and a bronze medal at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.

2005 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix
The FIVB World Grand Prix 2005 was the thirteenth edition of the annual women's volleyball tournament, which is the female equivalent of the Men's Volleyball World League. The 2005 edition was played by twelve countries from June 24 to July 18, 2005, with the final round held at the Sendai Gymnasium in Sendai, Japan. Hosts Japan and the top five ranked teams after the preliminary rounds qualified for the last round.

The competition of the 2005 WGP lasted four weeks with a total number of 69 matches. During the first, second and third week: 18 matches per team were played with a total of 54 matches. Classification in the preliminary rounds was decided by the number of points gained by teams participating in the same group. The classification in the general ranking of the preliminary rounds of the 2005 WGP was decided by the total number of World Grand Prix Points (GPP) gained by the teams in the preliminary matches.
Herbert Reul
Herbert Reul (born 31 August 1952) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who has been serving as State Minister for Internal Affairs in the government of successive Ministers-President Armin Laschet (2017–2021) and Hendrik Wüst (since 2021). He previously served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP).

Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia
The Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia is the state parliament (Landtag) of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, which convenes in the state capital of Düsseldorf, in the eastern part of the district of Hafen. The parliament is the central legislative body in the political system of North Rhine-Westphalia. In addition to the passage of laws, its most important tasks are the election of the Minister-President of the state and the administration of the government. The current government is a coalition of the CDU and the Greens, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Hendrik Wüst since June 2022.

The most recent state election took place on 15 May 2022.
Disney Channel (Belgium)
Disney Channel is the Belgian version of the same name owned by the Walt Disney Company.

Disney Channel was launched in Flanders on 1 November 2009, as a subfeed from the Dutch version. The Flemish channel was split from the Dutch version in 2012.

For the French part of Belgium, the French version aired in the country until 29 June 2015, when a French Belgian localized feed was launched.

The Flemish and French feeds have the same schedule with their own ad breaks.

Cartoon Network (Western Europe)
Cartoon Network is a pan-European children's pay television channel owned by the EMEA sub-division of the international division of Warner Bros. Discovery. The channel started broadcasting on 25 September 2024, as a result of the merger between the French, German, Dutch, Portuguese and Scandinavian feeds. A localization of the namesake American channel, it airs primarily in Western Europe along with other countries in the EMEA region and French-speaking territories.
Ov Sulfur
Ov Sulfur is an American deathcore band formed in 2020 in Las Vegas, Nevada. The band's lineup currently consists of vocalist Ricky Hoover, guitarist and vocalist Chase Wilson, guitarist Christian Becker, bassist Josh Bearden and drummer Ryan "Leviathvn" Rivard. The band has released two studio albums with their latest being Endless, which was released on January 16, 2026 through Century Media Records and one EP. The band is known for their very anti-religious lyrical themes.

Slaughter to Prevail
Slaughter to Prevail is a Russian deathcore band formed in 2014 in Yekaterinburg and currently based in Orlando, Florida, United States. The band has had numerous line-up changes over the years, with Russian musician Alex Terrible (lead vocals) and British musician Jack Simmons (lead guitar) as the only constant members. The current line-up features Russian musicians Dmitry Mamedov (rhythm guitar), Mike Petrov (bass), and Evgeny Novikov (drums).

The band debuted with the EP Chapters of Misery in 2015, followed by the full-length and first studio album Misery Sermon in 2017. Their second studio album, Kostolom, was released in 2021. And their most recent and third studio album, Grizzly, was released July 18, 2025. They are signed to Sumerian Records and have toured throughout the Americas, Europe, and Asia.
Parappanad
Parappanad was a former feudal city-state in Malabar, India. The headquarters of Parappanad Royal family was at the town Parappanangadi in present-day Malappuram district. In 1425, the country divided into Northern Parappanad (Beypore kingdom) and Southern Parappanad (Parappur Swarupam). Southern Parappanad included parts of Tirurangadi Taluk and the town Parappanangadi. Northern Parappanad (Beypore kingdom or Karippa Kovilakam) included Panniyankara, Beypore, and Cheruvannur of Kozhikkode Taluk. Parappanad royal family is a cousin dynasty of the Travancore royal family.

Raja Raja Varma Koil Thampuran
Raja Raja Varma Koil Thampuran, also known as Raja Raja Varma, was a Malayalam language poet and translator from the Indian state of Kerala who had an equal facility in writing in English and Sanskrit. He was born in Neerazhi Palace, Changanassery. He was part of the royal family of erstwhile Parappanad (Parappangadi and Beypore), Malabar. He was the Koyi Thampuran (Prince Consort) of Gowri Lakshmi Bayi.
Schenley Industries
Schenley Industries was a liquor company based in New York City with headquarters in the Empire State Building and a distillery in Lawrenceburg, Indiana. It owned several brands of Bourbon whiskey, including Schenley, The Old Quaker Company, Cream of Kentucky, Golden Wedding Rye, I.W. Harper, and James E. Pepper. Schenley Industries was also the owner of the producer of Cruzan Rum. It also owned a controlling interest in Blatz beer and made a Canadian whisky called Schenley Reserve, also called Schenley Black Label. It was the only liquor available to submarine officers at Midway in World War II, where it was held in low regard and known as "Schenley's Black Death". It also imported Dewar's White Label Scotch.

Old Grand-Dad
Old Grand-Dad is a brand of bourbon whiskey distilled at the Jim Beam distillery in Clermont, Kentucky. The brand was created by Raymond B. Hayden and named after his grandfather Meredith Basil Hayden Sr., who was a well known distiller during his lifetime. A fanciful portrait of Hayden Sr. is depicted on the front of each bottle. Today, it is owned and produced by Suntory Global Spirits.

As of December 2015, Old Grand-Dad and Old Overholt – both of which are Beam Suntory brands – are marketed together as "The Olds".
1916 United States presidential election in Ohio
The 1916 United States presidential election in Ohio was held on November 7, 1916. State voters chose 24 electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Ohio was won by the Democratic Party candidate, incumbent President Woodrow Wilson, who won the state with 51.86 percent of the popular vote. The Republican Party candidate, Charles Evans Hughes, garnered 44.18 percent of the popular vote.

As a result of his win in Ohio, Wilson became the first Democratic presidential candidate since Andrew Jackson in 1832 to win Ohio with a majority of the votes, although three Democrats in the intervening period – Wilson himself in 1912, Franklin Pierce in 1852, and Lewis Cass in 1848 – had won the state with pluralities.

As of the 2024 presidential election, this is the last election in which Delaware County voted for a Democratic presidential candidate, the longest county voting streak for either party in the state.

1852 United States presidential election in Ohio
The 1852 United States presidential election in Ohio was held on November 2, 1852, as part of the 1852 United States presidential election. State voters chose 23 electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.

Ohio was narrowly won by the Democratic Party candidate, Franklin Pierce, who won the state with a plurality of 47.83 percent of the popular vote. The Whig Party candidate, Winfield Scott, garnered 43.18 percent of the popular vote, and Free Soil Party candidate John P. Hale gained 8.98 percent, a figure exceeded by a third-party candidate in Ohio only six times since.

Pierce would become the final Democrat to win Ohio until Woodrow Wilson won it in 1912.
Christophany
A Christophany is an appearance or non-physical manifestation of Jesus. Traditionally the term refers to visions of Christ after his ascension, such as the bright light of the conversion of Paul the Apostle.

Also, following the example of Justin Martyr, who identified the Angel of the Lord with the Logos, some appearances of angels in the Old Testament are also identified by some Christians as preincarnate appearances of Christ.

Theophany
Theophany (Ancient Greek: θεοφάνεια, romanized: theopháneia, lit. 'appearance of a deity') is an encounter with a deity that manifests in an observable and tangible form. It is often confused with other types of encounters with a deity, but these interactions are not considered theophanies unless the deity reveals itself in a visible form. Traditionally, the term "theophany" was used to refer to appearances of the gods in ancient Greek and Near Eastern religions. While the Iliad is the earliest source for descriptions of theophanies in classical antiquity, the first description appears in the Epic of Gilgamesh.

In numerous creation stories, a deity or deities speak with many kinds of animals, often prior to the formation of dry land on earth.
Studebaker Champion
The Studebaker Champion is an automobile which was produced by the Studebaker Corporation of South Bend, Indiana, from the beginning of the 1939 model year until 1958. It was a full-size car in its first three generations and a mid-size car in its fourth and fifth generation models, serving as the junior model to the Commander.

Straight-six engine
A straight-six engine (also referred to as an inline-six engine; abbreviated I6 or L6) is a piston engine with six cylinders arranged in a straight line along the crankshaft. A straight-six engine has perfect primary and secondary engine balance, resulting in fewer vibrations than other designs of six or fewer cylinders.

Until the mid-20th century, the straight-six layout was the most common design for engines with six cylinders. However, V6 engines gradually became more common in the 1970s and by the 2000s, V6 engines had replaced straight-six engines in most light automotive applications.

Due to their high and smooth torque, simplicity and reliability, weight and space, and balanced power delivery, straight-six engines are a common power source for trucks and buses.
St. Martin's Abbey, Washington
Saint Martin's Abbey is a community of Roman Catholic Benedictine monks who follow the Rule of St Benedict in Lacey, Washington, United States. First founded as a priory in 1895, the abbey is part of the American-Cassinese Benedictine Congregation and the Benedictine Confederation. As of 2020, the monastic community had 20 monks.

Lacey, Washington
Lacey is a city in Thurston County, Washington, United States. It is a suburb of Olympia with a population of 53,526 at the 2020 census, making it the 24th most populous city in Washington. Lacey is located along Interstate 5 between Olympia and the Nisqually River, which marks the border with Pierce County and Joint Base Lewis–McChord.
Rineloricaria thrissoceps
Rineloricaria thrissoceps is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Santa Lucia River basin in Uruguay. The species reaches 10.6 cm (4.2 inches) in length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Pirates: Tides of Fortune
Pirates: Tides of Fortune is a massively multiplayer online real-time strategy game developed and published by Plarium. The game was released for web browser in 2012. The game is set in on fictional desert island where players build their own pirate bay, ships and fight against each other in sea-based battles.

Massively multiplayer online real-time strategy game
Massively multiplayer online real-time strategy game (MMORTS) mixes the genres of real-time strategy and massively multiplayer online games, possibly in the form of web browser-based games, in which a very large  number of players interact with one another within a virtual world. Players often assume the role of a general, king, or other type of figurehead leading an army into battle while maintaining the resources needed for such warfare.  The titles are often based in a sci-fi or fantasy universe and are distinguished from single or small-scale multiplayer RTSes by the number of players and common use of a persistent world, generally hosted by the game's publisher, which continues to evolve even when the player is offline.
Ronan McCarthy
Ronan McCarthy (born 1973) is an Irish Gaelic football manager and former player. At club level he played with Douglas and was a member of and later managed the Cork senior football team. McCarthy usually lined out as a defender.

1991 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 1991 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship was the 60th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1929.

Meath entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were defeated by Dublin in a Leinster first round replay.

The All-Ireland final was played on 15 September 1991 between Cork and Mayo, in what was their first meeting in a final in six years. Cork won the match by 1-09 to 1-07 to claim their eighth championship title overall and their first title since 1981.

Cork's Podsie O'Mahony was the championship's top scorer with 0-27.
North Arapaho Peak
North Arapaho Peak is the highest summit of the Indian Peaks in the northern Front Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America.  The 13,508-foot (4,117 m) thirteener is located in the Indian Peaks Wilderness, 7.8 miles (12.6 km) west-southwest (bearing 245°) of the Town of Ward, Colorado, United States, on the Continental Divide separating Roosevelt National Forest and Boulder County from Arapaho National Forest and Grand County.

Between North Arapaho Peak and neighboring South Arapaho Peak sits Arapaho Glacier, which is owned by the City of Boulder as part of its water supply.  North and South Arapahoe Peaks are connected by a 0.8-mile (1.3 km), Class 4 connecting ridge. West of these peaks is Arapaho Pass.

Continental Divide of the Americas
The Continental Divide of the Americas (also known as the Great Divide, the Western Divide or simply the Continental Divide; Spanish: Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria) is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas. The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan, and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from those river systems that drain into the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and Hudson Bay.

Although there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
Paddy Clancy
Patrick Michael Clancy (7 March 1922 – 11 November 1998), usually called Paddy Clancy or Pat Clancy, was an Irish folk singer best known as a member of the Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem. In addition to singing and storytelling, Clancy played the harmonica with the group, which is widely credited with popularizing Irish traditional music in the United States and revitalizing it in Ireland. He also started and ran the folk music label Tradition Records, which recorded many of the key figures of the American folk music revival.

Odetta
Odetta Holmes (December 31, 1930 – December 2, 2008), known as Odetta, was an American singer, often referred to as "The Voice of the Civil Rights Movement". Her musical repertoire consisted largely of American folk music, blues, jazz, and spirituals.

An important figure in the American folk music revival of the 1950s and 1960s, she influenced many of the key figures of the folk-revival of that time, including Bob Dylan, Joan Baez, Mavis Staples, and Janis Joplin. In 2011 Time magazine included her recording of "Take This Hammer" on its list of the 100 Greatest Popular Songs, stating that "Rosa Parks was her No. 1 fan, and Martin Luther King Jr. called her the queen of American folk music."
Edgware tube station
Edgware (/ˈɛdʒwɛər/) is a London Underground station in Edgware, in the London Borough of Barnet. It is the northern terminus of its branch of the Northern line and the next station towards south is Burnt Oak. It is in London fare zone 5.

Finsbury Park station
Finsbury Park (/ˈfɪnzbri ˈpɑːk/) is an intermodal interchange station in North London for London Underground, National Rail and London Buses services. The station, which is in London fare zone 2, is the third busiest Underground station outside zone 1, with over 33 million passengers using the station in 2019.