hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Golden triangle (universities)
The golden triangle is the triangle formed by the university cities of Cambridge, London, and Oxford in the south east of England in the United Kingdom. The triangle is occasionally referred to as the Loxbridge triangle, a portmanteau of London and Oxbridge or, when described as including five institutions, the G5.

The list of universities considered to be members of the golden triangle varies between sources, but typically comprises the University of Cambridge, the University of Oxford, Imperial College London,  King's College London, the London School of Economics and University College London. Some sources omit either or both of King's College London and the London School of Economics; while occasionally other universities are included, e.g. the London Business School and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, or all of the higher education institutions in the three cities.

Research England
The Research England is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for overseeing the functions of UKRI in relation to university research and knowledge transfer in England. This includes:

providing funding to English universities for research and knowledge exchange activities

developing and implementing the Research Excellence Framework (REF) in partnership with the UK Higher Education funding bodies

developing the Knowledge Exchange Framework (KEF)

overseeing the sustainability the Higher Education research base in England

managing the £900 million UK Research Partnership Investment Fund

administering the Higher Education Innovation Fund (HEIF)
Enhō Yūya
Enhō Yūya (Japanese: 炎鵬 友哉; born 18 October 1994 as Yūya Nakamura (中村 友哉)) is a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Ishikawa Prefecture. He made his debut in March 2017 and was a member of Miyagino stable, under the guidance of former yokozuna Hakuhō, until his transfer to Isegahama stable in March 2024. His highest rank has been maegashira 4.

He is shorter and weighs significantly less than the vast majority of sumo wrestlers in the upper ranks, but has learned to use his small stature and size for maximum advantage, becoming known for toppling larger opponents. He has achieved one special prize for Technique.

Kimarite
Kimarite (Japanese: 決まり手) is the technique used in sumo by a rikishi (wrestler) to win a match. It is officially decided or announced by the gyōji (referee) at the end of the match, though judges can modify this decision. The records of kimarite are then kept for statistical purposes.

The Japan Sumo Association (JSA) have officially recognized 82 such techniques since 2001, with five also recognized as winning non-techniques. However, only about a dozen of these are frequently and regularly used by rikishi.

A sumo match can still be won even without a kimarite, by the virtue of disqualification due to a kinjite (foul), such as striking with closed fist.
1915 Argentine Primera División final
The 1915 Argentine Primera División final was the match that determined the winner of 1915 season of Argentine Primera División. The final was contested by Racing and San Isidro, in order to decide a champion after both teams had finished tied on points (46 in 24 matches played) at the end of the tournament. Although Racing has a much larger goal difference than its rival (+90 vs +60) the Association decided to held a match to decide a champion.

It was the 2nd. league final contested by both clubs, only two years after they had first met.  It was held in Estadio Crucecita of the homonymous city, home venue of C.A. ndependiente. Racing won their third consecutive league title after defeating San Isidro 1–0 with a goal by Alberto Marcovecchio.

1915 Argentine Primera División
The 1915 Argentine Primera División was the 24th season of top-flight football in Argentina. The season began on April 4 and ended in January 1916. The reunification of the "Asociación Argentina de Football" and the "Federación Argentina de Football" brought the creation of a championship of 25 teams. The tournament took a league format with each team playing the others once.

Clubs that made their debuts in Primera were San Lorenzo de Almagro (Segunda División (AFA) champion) and Defensores de Belgrano (División Intermedia (FAF) champion). The coming of San Lorenzo caused all the "big five" to meet in an official tournament for the first time. Racing achieved its 3° consecutive championship.

For the first time in Primera División history, four teams were relegated: Kimberley, Defensores de Belgrano, Comercio and Floresta.
2014 Levene Gouldin & Thompson Tennis Challenger
The 2014 Levene Gouldin & Thompson Tennis Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard court. It was the 21st edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Binghamton, United States between 14 and 20 July 2014.

2014 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2014 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2014 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 150 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000, which represented an increase of the minimum prize money from $35,000. It was the 37th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 6th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Werner Collection in the National Museum of Brazil
The Werner Collection is one of the collections on display at the National Museum of Brazil, in Rio de Janeiro. The collection gathers around 60 rare minerals obtained in the 18th century from the Freiberg Mining Academy, Germany, by the Portuguese nobleman António de Araújo e Azevedo. The name of the collection is due to the main researcher of the German academy, scientist Abraham Gottlob Werner. The collection came to Brazil in the 19th century, brought by the Royal Family, who was escaping from the Napoleonic invasion, and were initially sent to the Royal Military Academy, being moved to the Royal Museum (former name of the National Museu) in 1819. It is considered that it was the first collection to compose the National Museum.

This collection was struck by the fire of 2018 at the National Museum, but it was reported that its restoration will be possible.

National Museum of Brazil fire
The National Museum of Brazil was heavily damaged by a large fire which began about 19:30 local time (23:30 UTC) on 2 September 2018. Although some items were saved, it is believed that 92% of its archive of 20 million items was destroyed in the fire. The small number of unscathed items were stored in a separate building which was not damaged.

First responders fighting the fire were hindered by a lack of water. Rio's fire chief said that two nearby fire hydrants had insufficient water, leaving firefighters to resort to pumping water from a nearby lake. According to a CEDAE (Rio de Janeiro's Water and Sewerage State Company) employee, although the hydrants did have water, the water pressure was very low because the building is on top of a hill, making them unusable. Brazilian President Michel Temer said that the loss due to the fire was "incalculable."
Milton, Louisiana
Milton /ˈmɪltən/ is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Lafayette Parish, Louisiana, United States. At the 2010 U.S. census it had a population of 3,030; at the 2019 American Community Survey, it had an estimated population of 2,299. Milton is part of the Lafayette metropolitan statistical area.

Vermilion Parish, Louisiana
Vermilion Parish (French: Paroisse de Vermillion) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana, created in 1844. The parish seat is Abbeville. Vermilion Parish is part of the Lafayette metropolitan statistical area, and located in southern Acadiana. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 57,359.

In the past several decades, much of the southern portion of the parish has been swept away by water erosion, especially after Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita in 2005.
China–Kazakhstan relations
China and Kazakhstan have diplomatic and economic relations, as well as energy cooperation and military ties. Historical interactions between dynastic China and the Kazakhs trace back to the 2nd century BC, with complicated periods. China and Kazakhstan established diplomatic relations in 1992, following Kazakhstan's independence from the Soviet Union. In 2005, the two countries signed a strategic partnership. They upgraded their relationship to a permanent comprehensive strategic partnership in 2024.

Dungan people
Dungan is a term used in territories of the former Soviet Union to refer to a group of Muslims of Hui origin. Turkic-speaking peoples in Xinjiang also sometimes refer to Hui Muslims as Dungans. The Dungans in Central Asia, however, refer themselves by their endonym Hui (Dungan: Хуэй).

In the censuses of the countries of the former Soviet Union, the Dungans (enumerated separately from Chinese) are found in Kazakhstan (36,900 according to the 1999 census), Kyrgyzstan (58,409 according to the 2009 census) and Russia (801 according to the 2002 census).
Iwaidjan languages
The Iwaidjan or Yiwaidjan languages are a small family of non-Pama–Nyungan Australian Aboriginal languages spoken in the Cobourg Peninsula region of Western Arnhem Land.

In 1997 Nicholas Evans proposed an Arnhem Land family that includes the Iwaidjan languages, though their inclusion is not accepted in Bowern (2011).

Gunbarlang language
Gunbarlang, or Kunbarlang, is an Australian Aboriginal language in northern Australia with multiple dialects. Other names are Gungalang and Warlang. Speakers are multilingual in Kunwinjku and Mawng. Most of the Gunbarlang people now speak Kunwinjku.

The language is part of a language revival project, as a critically endangered language.
Papinia gens
The gens Papinia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens are first mentioned toward the end of the Republic.  In imperial times, the family achieved some prominence, with Sextus Papinius Alienus holding the consulship in AD 36.  The nomen Papinius is sometimes confused with the more common Papirius and Pomponius.

Marcus Terentius Varro
Marcus Terentius Varro (116–27 BC) was a Roman polymath and a prolific author. He is regarded as ancient Rome's greatest scholar, and was described by Petrarch as "the third great light of Rome" (after Virgil and Cicero). He is sometimes called Varro Reatinus ("Varro of Rieti") to distinguish him from his younger contemporary Varro Atacinus ("Varro of Atax").
Natalia Méndez
Natalia Mendez (born January 28, 1997) is a Bolivian-born Argentine racquetball player. She is the current South American Champion in Women's Doubles and the current Pan American Champion in Women's Doubles, winning that title with Valeria Centellas. Mendez has also medaled at the International Racquetball Federation (IRF) World Championships as well as the Pan American Games.

Ladies Professional Racquetball Tour
The Ladies Professional Racquetball Tour is the latest name for the women's professional racquetball tour. It features the world's best players and several events each season - running from September to May - that are mostly played in the USA.
Achiwib
Achiwib is a village in the Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo Region of far southern Guyana. Achiwib (alternate spellings: Achawib, Achiwuib) is an Amerindian community that borders Brazil, the main language spoken in the village is Wapishana language.

Wapishana language
Wapishana (Wapixana) is an Arawakan language of Guyana and Brazil. It is spoken by over 13,000 people on both sides of the Guyana-Brazil border.

In Brazil the highest concentration of Wapishana speakers are in the municipalities of Cantá and Bonfim, the Serra da Lua region, where it has been recognized as an official language since 2014.

External pressures have diminished the use of Wapishana among younger generations, and it was not until 1987 that Wapishana was used as the teaching language in Indigenous schools of the language community. In 2009, Roraima Federal University created an extension program for learning Wapishana. In Guyana, there are organizations for language preservation, such as Wapichan Wadauniinao Ati'o.
2015 South Gloucestershire Council election
The 2015 South Gloucestershire Council election took place on 7 May 2015 to elect members of South Gloucestershire Council in England as part of nationwide  local elections.

For the first time since the creation of South Gloucestershire, the Conservatives took an overall majority with 40 of the 70 seats. This was the second one-party majority in the history of South Gloucestershire, after the Lib Dems' 1999-2003 control.

2015 United Kingdom local elections
The 2015 United Kingdom local elections were held on Thursday 7 May 2015, the same day as the general election for the House of Commons.

With the exception of those areas that have had boundary changes, the council seats up for election in England were last contested in the 2011 local elections. To date these are the last local elections to coincide with a general election in the United Kingdom.
Ciuruleasa
Ciuruleasa (Hungarian: Csurulyásza) is a commune located in Alba County, Transylvania, Romania. It has a population of 1,110 as of 2021, and is composed of nine villages: Bidigești, Bodrești, Boglești, Buninginea (Buninzsina), Ciuruleasa, Ghedulești, Mătișești, Morărești, and Vulcan.

The commune is situated in the northwestern part of the county, on the border with Hunedoara County. It lies in the middle of the Apuseni Mountains, half in the Bihor Mountains and half in the Metaliferi Mountains. It borders the town of Abrud to the northeast, Bucium commune to the east, the rural part of the town of Zlatna to the southeast, Buceș commune to the southwest, Blăjeni commune to the west, and Sohodol commune to the north.

At the 2021 census, Ciuruleasa had a population of 1,110. At the census from 2011 there were  1,197 people living in this commune, of which 97.74% are ethnic Romanians.

Buceș
Buceș (Hungarian: Bucsesd) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Buceș, Buceș-Vulcan, Dupăpiatră (Dupapiátra), Grohoțele, Mihăileni (Miheleny), Stănija (Sztanizsa), and Tarnița.

At the 2021 census, the commune had a population of 1,595; of those, 88.6% were Romanians and 5.4% Roma.
60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China
The 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China took place on 1 October 2009. A military parade involving 10,000 troops and the display of many high-tech weapons was held in Tiananmen Square in Beijing and various celebrations were conducted all over the country. China's paramount leader Hu Jintao inspected the troops along Chang'an Avenue in Beijing. This parade was immediately followed by a civilian parade involving 100,000 participants.

Shaanxi Y-8
The Shaanxi Y-8 or Yunshuji-8 (Chinese: 运-8; pinyin: Yùn Bā) aircraft is a medium-size, medium-range transport aircraft produced by Shaanxi Aircraft Corporation in China, based on the Soviet Antonov An-12. It has become one of China's most popular military and civilian transport/cargo aircraft, with many variants produced and exported. Although the An-12 is no longer made in Ukraine, the Chinese Y-8 continues to be upgraded and produced. An estimated 169 Y-8 aircraft had been built by 2010.
Baumholder
Baumholder (German pronunciation: [baʊmˈhɔldɐ] ⓘ) is a town in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, in the Westrich, an historic region that encompasses areas in both Germany and France. The town of Baumholder is the administrative seat of the like-named Verbandsgemeinde, a state-recognised tourism resort and, according to state planning, a middle centre.

Birkenfeld (district)
Birkenfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪʁkŋ̍fɛlt]) is a district (Landkreis) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Its seat is the town of Birkenfeld. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Sankt Wendel (Saarland), Trier-Saarburg, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Rhein-Hunsrück, Bad Kreuznach and Kusel.
Mortgage discrimination
Mortgage discrimination or mortgage lending discrimination is the practice of banks, governments or other lending institutions denying loans to one or more groups of people primarily on the basis of race, ethnic origin, sex or religion.

Instances of mortgage discrimination occurred in United States inner city neighborhoods from the 1930s and there is evidence that the practice  continues to a degree in the United States today. In the United States, banks practiced redlining or denial of financial services including banking or insurance to residents of areas based upon the racial or ethnic composition of those areas, either directly or through selectively raising prices. Prior to the passage of the 1974 Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Housing and Community Development Act, lenders and the U.S. federal government frequently and explicitly discriminated against female mortgage loan applicants.

Home Mortgage Disclosure Act
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (or HMDA, pronounced HUM-duh) is a United States federal law that requires certain financial institutions to provide mortgage data to the public.  Congress enacted HMDA in 1975.
Tamil Nadu State Board
The State Board of School Examinations (Sec.) & Board of Higher Secondary Examinations, Tamil Nadu (Abbreviation: SBSEBHSE) is recognized by State Common Board of School Education. this board in located in chennai, is a statutory and autonomous body established under the Government of Tamil Nadu, Act 8/2010 Uniform System of School Education.

Ministry of Education (India)
The Ministry of Education (MoE) is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education. The ministry is further divided into two departments: the Department of School Education and Literacy, which deals with primary, secondary and higher secondary education, adult education and literacy, and the Department of Higher Education, which deals with university level education, technical education, scholarships, etc.

The current education minister is Dharmendra Pradhan, a member of the Council of Ministers. India has had a Ministry of Education since 1947. In 1985, the Rajiv Gandhi government changed its name to the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), and with the newly drafted "National Education Policy 2020" by the Narendra Modi government, the Ministry of Human Resource Development was renamed back to the Ministry of Education.
Geotechnical seismic isolation
Geotechnical seismic isolation (GSI) is a branch of earthquake engineering that seeks to reduce seismic demand on structures by exploiting the mechanical and dynamic properties of the soil-foundation system. In contrast to conventional structural seismic isolation, which typically relies on discrete isolation devices installed within the structural system, GSI operates within the ground and foundation domain.

GSI encompasses several families of approaches, which have been classified based on their underlying isolation mechanisms and design principles. These include facilitating the favorable effects of dynamic soil-structure interaction, isolation effects arising from sliding or rolling interfaces, embedded inclusions, and hybrid configurations. Together, these approaches reflect a shift from treating soil-structure interaction solely as a response-modifying phenomenon toward its deliberate use as a seismic protection mechanism.

Geotechnical engineering
Geotechnical engineering, also known as geotechnics, is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials. It uses the principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics to solve its engineering problems. It also relies on knowledge of geology, hydrology, geophysics, and other related sciences.

Geotechnical engineering has applications in military engineering, mining engineering, petroleum engineering, coastal engineering, and offshore construction. The fields of geotechnical engineering and engineering geology have overlapping knowledge areas. However, while geotechnical engineering is a specialty of civil engineering, engineering geology is a specialty of geology.
Bugweri kingdom
Bugweri (sometimes called Bugweri Bufutulu) is one of the six traditional chiefdoms of the kingdom of Busoga in Uganda.

It was founded around 1726 and became a part of the British protectorate in Busoga in 1896. Its ruler is known as the Menya.

While in the 18th century, their founder Kakaire enthroned himself in the southern part of Bugweri and hijacked power from the Abaise Musuubo clan. Their rulers are given the title of Menha.

Prince Fred Nelson Kakaire Ntuse Mamala Menhya Zirabamuzale died in August 2016 after illness.

Busoga sub-region
Busoga sub-region is found in Eastern Uganda occupying an area of over 10,000 square kilometers and according to the 2014 national census about 40 percent of the people in the eastern region live in this sub-region.
Ab Gorazi
Ab Gorazi (Persian: اب گرازي, also Romanized as Āb Gorāzī) is a village in Qaleh Tall Rural District, in the Central District of Bagh-e Malek County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 21, in 7 families.

Qaleh Tall Rural District
Qaleh Tall Rural District (Persian: دهستان قلعه تل) is in Qaleh Tall District of Bagh-e Malek County, Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Loran. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Qaleh Tall.
Joseph Cassey
Joseph Cassey (c. 1789–1848) was a French West Indies-born American businessman, abolitionist activist and Underground Railroad conductor. He also worked as a barber, and as well as a wig maker, perfumer, and money-lender. He lived in the historic Cassey House in Society Hill, and was active in the African-American elite community in Philadelphia.

Peter Williams Jr.
Peter Williams Jr. (1786–1840) was an African-American Episcopal priest, the second ordained in the United States and the first to serve in New York City. He was an abolitionist who also supported free black emigration to Haiti, the black republic that had achieved independence in 1804 in the Caribbean. In the 1820s and 1830s, he strongly opposed the American Colonization Society's efforts to relocate free blacks to the colony of Liberia in West Africa.

In 1808 he organized St. Philip's African Church in lower Manhattan, the second black Episcopal church in the United States. In 1827 he was a co-founder of Freedom's Journal, the first African-American owned and operated newspaper in the United States. In 1833, he co-founded the Phoenix Society, a mutual aid society for African Americans; that year he was also elected to the executive board of the interracial American Anti-Slavery Society.