hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2022 Upper Austria Open
The 2022 Danube Upper Austria Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Mauthausen, Austria between 2 and 8 May 2022.

2022 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2022 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2022 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 184 tournaments with prize money ranging from $37,520 up to $159,360. It was the 45th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 14th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Căiuți
Căiuți is a commune in Bacău County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of nine villages: Blidari, Boiștea, Căiuți, Florești, Heltiu, Mărcești, Popeni, Pralea, and Vrânceni.

The commune is situated on the Moldavian Plateau, at an altitude of 168 m (551 ft), on the banks of the Trotuș River and its right tributary, the Căiuți. It is located in the southern part of Bacău County, 55 km (34 mi) south of the county seat, Bacău, on the border with Vrancea County. Căiuți is crossed by national road DN11A, which connects Onești to Bârlad.

Bârlad
Bârlad (Romanian pronunciation: [bɨrˈlad] ⓘ) is a city in Vaslui County, Romania. It lies on the banks of the river Bârlad, which waters the high plains of Western Moldavia.

At Bârlad the railway from Iași diverges, one branch skirting the river Siret, the other skirting the Prut; both reunite at Galați. Along with a maze of narrow and winding streets, Bârlad features several notable modern buildings, including the hospital administered by the Saint Spiridion Foundation of Iași. In the vicinity of the city are the ruins of a Roman camp.

The city is the birthplace of Romanian Domnitor (Ruler) and diplomat Alexandru Ioan Cuza.
Ghoresha
Ghoresha (Georgian: ღორეშა) is a village in the Kharagauli district of Imereti region in western Georgia. It is known for being the birthplace of Sergo Ordzhonikidze, a leading Bolshevik and close ally of Joseph Stalin.

Kharagauli
Kharagauli (Georgian: ხარაგაული [χäɾägäuli]) is an administrative center of Kharagauli district in Georgia. It is situated on both banks of Chkherimela river in a narrow and deep gorge, 280-400m above the sea level.
Woodbeck
Woodbeck is a village within the Rampton and Woodbeck civil parish of the Bassetlaw district, within the county of Nottinghamshire, England. The overall parish area had a population of 1,077 at the 2021 census. The village lies in the north east of the county. It is 125 miles north west of London, 27 miles north east of the city of Nottingham, and 5 miles south east of the town of Retford. It is the site of Rampton Secure Hospital, which is one of only three high security psychiatric hospitals in England.

Bassetlaw District
Bassetlaw is a local government district in north Nottinghamshire, England. Its council is based in the town of Worksop; the other towns in the district are Retford, Tuxford and Harworth Bircotes. The district also contains numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

Bassetlaw is bounded to the south by the Newark and Sherwood and Mansfield districts, to the south-west by the Bolsover district of Derbyshire, to the north-west by the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham and the City of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, to the north by North Lincolnshire, and to the east by West Lindsey.

Bassetlaw has been a non-constituent member of the East Midlands Combined County Authority since its estalishment in 2024.. Simultaneously, the district maintains an indirect relationship as a non-constituent member of the South Yorkshire Mayoral Authority.
2023 Lima Challenger II
The 2023 Lima Challenger II, known as the DirecTV Open Lima, was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 20th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Lima, Peru between 6 and 12 November 2023.

2023 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2023 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2023 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 196 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 46th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 15th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Batla House encounter case
The Batla House encounter case was an armed Delhi Police operation to arrest terrorists of the terrorist outfit called 'Indian Mujahideen' (IM), hiding in a flat in the Batla House area of Jamia Nagar, Okhla, on 19 September 2008. The operation resulted in the deaths of two terrorists and one police officer, Inspector Mohan Chand Sharma, with the remaining terrorists arrested. On 15 March 2021, one of the arrested Ariz Khan alias Junaid, was sentenced to death for the murder of Inspector Sharma.

Jama Masjid, Delhi
The Masjid-i-Jehan-Numa, commonly known as the Jama Masjid, in Old Delhi area of Delhi, is one of the largest mosques in India. Its builder was the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, between 1644 and 1656, and it was inaugurated by its first Imam, Syed Abdul Ghafoor Shah Bukhari. Situated in the Mughal capital of Shahjahanabad (today Old Delhi), it served as the imperial mosque of the Mughal emperors until the demise of the empire in 1857. The Jama Masjid was regarded as a symbolic gesture of Mughal power across India. It was also a site of political significance during several key periods of British rule. It remains in active use, and is one of Delhi's most iconic sites, closely identified with the methods of Old Delhi. The mosque structure is a Monument of National Importance.
1954 Wyoming gubernatorial election
The 1954 Wyoming gubernatorial election took place on November 2, 1954. Incumbent Republican Governor Clifford Joy Rogers ran for a full term as Governor of Wyoming after Frank A. Barrett was elected to the U.S. Senate, but lost the nomination to former State Representative Milward Simpson. Simpson narrowly defeated Democratic former Secretary of State William Jack in the general election.

Wyoming Senate
The Wyoming Senate is the upper house of the Wyoming State Legislature. There are 31 Senators in the Senate, representing an equal number of constituencies across Wyoming, each with a population of at least 17,000. The Senate meets at the Wyoming State Capitol in Cheyenne.

Members of the Senate serve four-year terms without term limits. Term limits were declared unconstitutional by the Wyoming Supreme Court in 2004, overturning a decade-old law that had restricted Senators to three terms (twelve years).

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the Wyoming Senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions, boards, or justices to the Wyoming Supreme Court.
Víctor Batista
Víctor Arístides Batista Lemos (born October 2, 1979, in Tamayo) is a male volleyball player from the Dominican Republic, who won the bronze medal with the men's national team at the 2008 Pan American Cup in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He play as wing spiker.

Superliga de Voleibol Masculina
The Superliga de Voleibol Masculina, (SVM) is the top level of the Spanish volleyball. The championship was founded in 1983. Formerly known as Campeonato Nacional de División de Honor Masculina, and, since 1983 as the current name. The administration of the league is carried out by the Real Federación Española de Voleibol.
1955 Yuba–Sutter floods
From December 16 to 25, 1955, devastating flooding struck portions of California. It was caused by heavy rainfall and a levee break on the Feather River, and directly resulted in the deaths of 74 people, leaving damages of an estimated $150 million (1955 USD), one of the costliest floods ever recorded in California. The floods are commonly known as the Yuba–Sutter floods as there was extensive damage in Yuba and Sutter counties.

The floods were described as "the worst in the history of northern California"; thousands of people were forced to evacuate. They have been compared to those of 1986 and 1997. Recovery and rescue efforts were widespread with over 2,000 volunteers working to help repair leaking levees and helicopters transporting residents away from flooded areas, notably Yuba City.

Yuba County, California
Yuba County (/ˈjuːbə/ ⓘ; Maidu: Yubu) is a county located in north-central Central Valley, California, United States. As of the 2020 U.S. census, its population was 81,575. Yuba County is included in the Yuba City metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Sacramento–Roseville combined statistical area. The county is in the Central Valley region along the Feather River; the county seat is Marysville.
Julietta, Indiana
Julietta, Indiana is a small neighborhood in Indianapolis. It is located in eastern Marion County, on the border of Hancock County. Julietta is situated 11 miles (17.7 km) east of downtown Indianapolis and  3.5 miles (5.6 km) west of New Palestine, Indiana. The neighborhood is adjacent to U.S. Route 52.

Julietta is home to a historic property, dating to 1832, that originally served as the county's poorhouse. It later became the Marion County Infirmary (also known as Julietta Asylum) which was an asylum for the mentally ill that transitioned to primarily a home for the elderly by the early 1900s. As of 2021, it is occupied by Hope Center Indy.

Marion County, Indiana
Marion County is located in the U.S. state of Indiana. The 2020 United States census reported a population of 977,203, making it the 54th-most populous county in the U.S., the most populous county in the state, and the main population center of the 11-county Indianapolis–Carmel–Greenwood MSA in central Indiana. Indianapolis is the county seat, the state capital, and most populous city. Marion County is consolidated with Indianapolis through an entity known as Unigov.
Janusz Kiszka
Janusz Kiszka (born 1600 in Krzywicze (today Belarus) – 1653) was a Polish politician and magnate in the 17th century Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Last of the Kiszka family. Royal Rotmistrz, starosta of Parnawa from 1610, Voivode of Polock since 1621, Field Lithuanian Hetman since 1635, Great Lithuanian Hetman since 1646.

Raised a Calvinist, he converted with his father and brothers to Roman Catholicism in 1606. Unlike his siblings, he was quite tolerant of his former co-religionists, also because his wife was a Calvinist too.

He married Krystyna Drucka-Sokolińska, and had no heirs.

Kiszka family
The Kiszka family (plural Kiszkowie, Lithuanian: Kiškos) was a noble family (szlachta) and one of the most powerful families (magnates) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Originating from Mazovia, the family used the Dąbrowa Coat of Arms.
Meyerhoff manifold
In hyperbolic geometry, the Meyerhoff manifold is the arithmetic hyperbolic 3-manifold obtained by  surgery on the figure-8 knot complement.  It was introduced by Robert Meyerhoff (1987) as a possible candidate for the hyperbolic 3-manifold of smallest volume, but the Weeks manifold turned out to have  slightly smaller volume. It has  the second smallest volume

of orientable arithmetic hyperbolic 3-manifolds, where  is the zeta function of the quartic field of discriminant . Alternatively,

where  is the polylogarithm and  is the absolute value of the complex root  (with positive imaginary part) of the quartic .

Ted Chinburg (1987) showed that this manifold is arithmetic.

Dehn surgery
In topology, a branch of mathematics, a Dehn surgery, named after Max Dehn, is a construction used to modify 3-manifolds.  The process takes as input a 3-manifold together with a link.  It is often conceptualized as two steps: drilling then filling.
Pricksongs & Descants
Pricksongs & Descants is a collection of short fiction by Robert Coover first published in 1969 by E. P. Dutton.

The volume includes “The Babysitter,” Coover’s most anthologized work of fiction.

The title refers to Medieval musical forms that are used here as a double entendre.

Thomas E. Kennedy
Thomas E. Kennedy (March 9, 1944 – May 26, 2021) was an American fiction writer, essayist, and translator from Danish. He is the author of more than 30 books, including novels, story and essay collections, literary criticism, translation, and most notably the four novels of the Copenhagen Quartet. Of the quartet, David Applefield, author of Paris Inside Out and The Unofficial Guide to Paris series of books, writes: “Kennedy does for Copenhagen what Joyce did for Dublin.” Kennedy was the co-founder of Serving House Books, a literary press with more than 100 titles in print at the time of his retirement.
Maritime safety
Maritime safety as part of and overlapping with water safety is concerned with the protection of life (search and rescue) and property through regulation, management and technology development of all forms of waterborne transportation. The executive institutions are the national and transnational maritime administrations. maritime accidents, while characterized by a level of safety of the order of 10−5 (1 serious accident per 100,000 movements), which is only slightly inferior to that of the field of air transportation (10−6) are a significant source of risk for insurance companies, transport companies and property owners. Beyond that, of course, ship owners and maritime institutions have to ensure that casualties at sea (mostly by drowning) are kept to the possible minimum. Organizational and human factors are critical antecedents to accidents such as MV Prestige, Herald of Free Enterprise, MS Sleipner, MS Estonia, Bow Mariner and Hoegh Osaka as well as the infamous Titanic.

Maritime administrations
Maritime administrations, or flag state administrations, are the executive arms/state bodies of each government responsible for carrying out the shipping responsibilities of the state, and are tasked to administer national shipping and boating issues and laws within their territorial waters and for vessels flagged in that country, or that fall under their jurisdiction.

The main functions are:

Government policy for ships and boating, marine safety in general, seaworthiness, safe construction and stability

Policing Dangerous goods being carried, Navigation safety, Safe manning, Certificates of Competency/licenses for crew

Health, safety and welfare of crew, civil search and rescue

Prevention and combating marine pollution and response, investigation of marine accidents

Represents country on IMO and other International Conventions
Tana bru
Tana bru (Norwegian), Deanušaldi (Northern Sami), or Tenon silta (Kven) is the administrative centre of Deatnu-Tana Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway.  The village lies on the western bank of the Tana River, along the European route E6 highway.

The 1.21-square-kilometre (300-acre) village has a population (2023) of 743 which gives the village a population density of 614 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,590/sq mi).

Tana (Finland–Norway)
The Tana (Finnish: Teno [ˈteno] or Tenojoki; Northern Sami: Deatnu [ˈtea̯tnuː]; Norwegian: Tana/Tanaelva; Swedish: Tana älv) is a 361-kilometre (224 mi) long river in the Sápmi area of northern Fennoscandia. The river flows through Finnmark county, Norway and the Lapland region of Finland. For 256 kilometers of its length, the Tana and its tributaries form a part of the border between Finland and Norway. The Sámi name means "Great River". The main tributaries of the Tana are the Anarjohka and Karasjohka.

The Tana Valley is the core area for "the River-Sami Culture" in Finnmark; salmon fishing is central in regard to that culture.
Neil Fligstein
Neil Fligstein (born May 23, 1951) is an American sociologist, and professor at the University of California, Berkeley. His research focuses on  economic sociology, political sociology, and organizational theory. It has advanced the understanding of how social fields shape economic and political orders, including influential frameworks on the cultural foundations of markets and strategic action fields.

Fligstein has developed a “political-cultural” approach to market analysis, arguing that markets are social and political arenas shaped by actors’ conceptions of control, state regulation, and institutional structures." These concepts have been applied to study the European Union's development of a single market through cooperative political processes. In 2012, he co-authored A Theory of Fields with Doug McAdam, presenting a framework for analyzing social orders in politics, economics, and social movements.

Doug McAdam
Doug McAdam (born August 31, 1951) is Professor of Sociology at Stanford University. He did early work on the political process model in social movement analysis. He wrote a book on the theory in 1982 when analyzing the U.S. Civil Rights Movement: Political Process and the Development of the Black Insurgency 1930-1970. His other book Freedom Summer won the C. Wright Mills Award in 1990. He was the director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences between 2001 and 2005. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2003.
1977 UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
The men's road race at the 1977 UCI Road World Championships was the 44th edition of the event. The race took place on Sunday 4 September 1977 in San Cristóbal, Venezuela. The race was won by Francesco Moser of Italy.

UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
The UCI Road World Championships Elite Men's Road Race is a one-day event for professional cyclists that takes place annually. The winner is considered the World Cycling Champion (or World Road Cycling Champion) and earns the right to wear the Rainbow Jersey for a full year in road race or stage events. The event is a single mass start road race with the winner being the first across the line at the completion of the full race distance. The road race is contested by riders organized by national cycling teams as opposed to commercially sponsored trade teams, which is the standard in professional cycling.
Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy
Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS, sometimes referred to as TDLS, TLS or TLAS) is a technique for measuring the concentration of certain species such as methane, water vapor and many more, in a gaseous mixture using tunable diode lasers and laser absorption spectrometry. The advantage of TDLAS over other techniques for concentration measurement is its ability to achieve very low detection limits (of the order of ppb). Apart from concentration, it is also possible to determine the temperature, pressure, velocity and mass flux of the gas under observation. TDLAS is by far the most common laser based absorption technique for quantitative assessments of species in gas phase.

Multipass spectroscopic absorption cell
A multiple-pass or long path absorption cell is commonly used in spectroscopy to measure low-concentration components or to observe weak spectra in gases or liquids. Several important advances were made in this area beginning in the 1930s, and research into a wide range of applications continues to the present day.
Police Act 1919
The Police Act 1919 (9 & 10 Geo. 5. c. 46) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which set up an alternative dispute resolution system within UK labour law for collective disputes involving members of staff in the police force. The current rules are now found under the Police Act 1996. Following the British police strikes in 1918 and 1919, the government decided that it was a threat to the public to allow strikes among the police force to take place. The Police Act 1919 prohibited police from joining a trade union that could take strike action protected by the Trade Disputes Act 1906, and provided an alternative in the Police Federation of England and Wales and the Scottish Police Federation. A substitute for strikes was binding arbitration to resolve collective disputes.

Trade Disputes Act 1906
The Trade Disputes Act 1906 (6 Edw. 7. c. 47) was a UK act of parliament passed under the Campbell-Bannerman administration which provided that trade unions could not be sued for damages resulting from industrial action. Its key reform was to add to the Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act 1875 the famous words, "An act done in pursuance of an agreement or combination by two or more persons shall, if done in contemplation or furtherance of a trade dispute, not be actionable unless the act, if done without any such agreement or combination, would be actionable." After repeal and replacement of the 1875 act, these words are now found in the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992.
1969–70 Serie A (basketball)
The 1969–70 Serie A basketball championship was the 47th season of the Serie A, the highest professional basketball league in Italy.

The regular season ran from 2 November 1969 to 12 April 1970, twelve teams played 22 games each. The team ranked first at the end of the season, Ignis Varese, was crowned champion (earning the single spot in the European Champions Cup) whilst the two lowest ranked teams, Splugen Brau Gorizia and Brill Cagliari, were relegated to the Serie A.

Ignis Varese won their second consecutive league title, fourth overall.

Aleksandar Nikolić
Aleksandar "Aca" Nikolić (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар "Аца" Николић; 28 October 1924 – 12 March 2000) was a Serbian professional basketball player and coach. He was also a professor at the University of Belgrade's Faculty of Sport and Physical Education. He is often referred to as the Father of Yugoslav and Serbian Basketball.

Nikolić acted as a mentor to many young basketball coaches in Yugoslavia, some of whom—such as Božidar Maljković, Dušan Ivković, Bogdan Tanjević, and Željko Obradović—would go on to great professional success in their own right. Nicknamed the Professor and Iron Sergeant, Nikolić was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame as a coach in 1998, and into the FIBA Hall of Fame in 2007. In 2008, he was named one of the 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors.
Chronology of the Great Famine
The chronology of the Great Famine (Irish: An Gorta Mór or An Drochshaol, lit. 'The Bad Life') documents a period of Irish history between 29 November 1845 and 1852 during which time the population of Ireland was reduced by 20 to 25 percent. The proximate cause was famine resulting from a potato disease commonly known as late blight. Although blight ravaged potato crops throughout Europe during the 1840s, the impact and human cost in Ireland – where a third of the population was entirely dependent on the potato for food but which also produced an abundance of other food – was exacerbated by a host of political, social and economic factors which remain the subject of historical debate.

Phytophthora infestans
Phytophthora infestans is an oomycete or water mold, a fungus-like microorganism that causes the serious potato and tomato disease known as late blight or potato blight. Early blight, caused by Alternaria solani, is also often called "potato blight". Late blight was a major culprit in the 1840s European, the 1845–1852 Irish, and the 1846 Highland potato famines. The organism can also infect some other members of the Solanaceae. The pathogen is favored by moist, cool environments: sporulation is optimal at 12–18 °C (54–64 °F) in water-saturated or nearly saturated environments, and zoospore production is favored at temperatures below 15 °C (59 °F). Lesion growth rates are typically optimal at a slightly warmer temperature range of 20 to 24 °C (68 to 75 °F).