hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Outline of trigonometry
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to trigonometry:

Trigonometry – branch of mathematics that studies the relationships between the sides and the angles in triangles. Trigonometry defines the trigonometric functions, which describe those relationships and have applicability to cyclical phenomena, such as waves.

Euler's formula
Euler's formula, named after Leonhard Euler, is a mathematical formula in complex analysis that establishes the fundamental relationship between the trigonometric functions and the complex exponential function. Euler's formula states that, for any real number x, one has

where e is the base of the natural logarithm, i is the imaginary unit, and cos and sin are the trigonometric functions cosine and sine respectively. This complex exponential function is sometimes denoted cis x ("cosine plus i sine"). The formula is still valid if x is a complex number, and is also called Euler's formula in this more general case.

Euler's formula is ubiquitous in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and engineering. The physicist Richard Feynman called the equation "our jewel" and "the most remarkable formula in mathematics".

When x = π, Euler's formula may be rewritten as eiπ = −1 or eiπ + 1 = 0, which is known as Euler's identity.
Ctenanthe oppenheimiana
Ctenanthe oppenheimiana, the giant bamburanta or never-never plant, is a species of flowering plant of family Marantaceae and is a native of Brazil.  It is an evergreen perennial. This plant can grow to more than 1 m (3.3 ft) tall and broad, with long narrow leaves up to 40 cm (16 in) in length. The leaves are adorned on the secondary veins with dark green bands, which meet and merge in the margins. In between are cream coloured bands. The undersides of the leaves have a red-ish colour. The cultivar 'Tricolor' is a common ornamental variety, which as a houseplant in the UK has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. (confirmed 2017). This cultivar is visually very similar to Stromanthe sanguinea 'Triostar', and the two are often confused. The difference between the two lies in the lack of regular banding on the leaves of the Stromanthe, and the generally more rounded shape of the leaves in Ctenanthe.

Stromanthe thalia
Stromanthe thalia is a plant species in the arrowroot family Marantaceae, native to the Brazilian rainforest. It is also known by the synonym Stromanthe sanguinea.

It is a common houseplant in temperate climates, valued for its striking variegated leaves with purple undersides. It can grow outside in a humid tropical climate, but needs light shade in the afternoon and must be protected from high winds.

The soil should be kept moist at all times, but never waterlogged as the plant is susceptible to root rot.

Hummingbirds and bees are the main pollinators.

Under ideal growing conditions, Stromanthe sanguinea will reach 4–6 ft (1.2–1.8 m) tall in about a year after emerging from its rhizome. Propagation can be from either seeds or rhizome division, but it is faster and more reliable to take rhizome cuttings.

The Latin specific epithet sanguinea means “blood-red.

Stromanthe sanguinea has received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Pelham Bay General Hospital
Pelham Bay General Hospital (now defunct) was a 1960-built Bronx hospital that became the Florence D’urso Pavilion of Our Lady of Mercy Medical Center. Following 2007 financial failure of the latter, the five story building, after being vacant for many years, was converted to housing units.

Misericordia Hospital
Misericordia Hospital is a 3-block medical center in the Bronx, New York City. that opened in 1887 in Staten Island, moved to Manhattan in 1889, and moved to The Bronx in 1958. The hospital was renamed Our Lady of Mercy Hospital in 1985, acquired by Montefiore Medical Center in 2008 and renamed as their North Division, then renamed the Wakefield Division of Montefiore. Misericordia is a not-for-profit voluntary teaching hospital.
AC Bastia 1924
A.C. Bastia 1924 is an Italian football club based in Bastia Umbra, Umbria. The club played in Serie D from 1956 to 1958, 1988 to 1995 and from 2012 to 2015; currently, the club is back in Serie D after winning promotion in 2018.

Bastia Umbra
Bastia Umbra (Italian pronunciation: [baˈstiːa ˈumbra]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Perugia in the Italian region Umbria.

The town lies 8 miles (13 km) east of Perugia, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west of the Sanctuary of the Portiuncula, 3 miles (4.8 km) from Assisi, and 12 miles (19 km) from Foligno.
United Left Front (Nepal, 1990)
The United Left Front (Nepali: संयुक्त वाम मोर्चा, romanized: sanyukt vaam morcha) was an alliance of communist parties that opposed the autocratic regime in Nepal. It was formed in 1990 and conducted joint movement with the Nepali Congress. The uprising, called Jana Andolan (People's Movement), brought to an end of monarchic dictatorship and led the way for multiparty elections. The constituents of the United Left Front were:

Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist)

Nepal Workers and Peasants Party

Communist Party of Nepal (Fourth Convention)

Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist)

Communist Party of Nepal (Burma)

Communist Party of Nepal (Manandhar)

Communist Party of Nepal (Amatya)

The leader of the United Left Front was Sahana Pradhan of the CPN (Marxist). Following the abolition of democratic rule in 2002, five minor left parties mobilized a United Left Front (Nepal) (2002). After four of them merged into two parties in 2005, the organisation consisted of three parties.

Communist Party of Nepal (Democratic)
Communist Party of Nepal (Democratic) was a splinter group of the Communist Party of Nepal (Rayamajhi) formed in 1979, in the backdrop of the popular movement that surged in that year. The party was led by Bishnu Bahadur Manandhar.
4th Saeima
4th Saeima was the parliament of Latvia from 3 November 1931 until the 15 May 1934 Latvian coup d'état. It was the last democratically elected Saeima until the restoration of Latvia’s independence in 1991 and the 5th Saeima elections in 1993.

Social Democrat Pauls Kalniņš continued to hold the post of Speaker of the Saeima to which he was first elected during the 1st Saeima. During November 1933 – May 1934 Saeima discussed proposed Constitutional changes, submitted by Kārlis Ulmanis and his Farmers’ Union, that would reduce number of MPs from 100 to 50, allow for the direct popular election of State President and increase his powers.

4th Saeima gave confidence to the 2nd cabinet of Marģers Skujenieks (6 December 1931 – 23 March 1933), cabinet of Ādolfs Bļodnieks (24 March 1933 – 16 March 1934) and the 4th cabinet of Kārlis Ulmanis (17 March 1934 – 15 May 1934).

Speaker of the Saeima
The Speaker of the Saeima (Latvian: Saeimas priekšsēdētājs; lit. "Chairperson of the Saeima") is the presiding officer of the Parliament of Latvia, the Saeima.

If the President of Latvia resigns from office, dies or is removed from office before their term has ended, the Speaker of the Saeima shall assume the duties of the President until the Saeima has elected a new President. Similarly, the Speaker of the Saeima shall assume the duties of the President if the latter is away from Latvia or for any other reason unable to fulfil the duties of office.

The Speaker of the Saeima must be elected at the first meeting of the current convocation of the Saeima.
Nintendo DS Browser
The Nintendo DS Browser is a port of the Opera 8.5 web browser for use on the Nintendo DS, developed by Opera Software and Nintendo, and sold as a standalone game cartridge. Two versions were sold, one for the original Nintendo DS and one for the Nintendo DS Lite, each with a different Slot-2 memory expansion pack to fit the respective system.

The browser received mixed reviews from critics, largely focusing on its slow speeds despite its functionality. It was later rendered obsolete by an improved browser on the system's upgraded version, the Nintendo DSi, which, unlike its predecessor, was onboard software.

Adobe Flash
Adobe Flash (formerly Macromedia Flash and FutureSplash) is a mostly discontinued multimedia software platform used for production of animations, rich internet applications, desktop applications, mobile apps, mobile games, and embedded web browser video players.
Martin, East Lindsey
Martin is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Roughton, in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is about 2 miles (3 km) south from the town of Horncastle. In 1931 the parish had a population of 41. On 1 April 1936 the parish was abolished and merged with Roughton. The church is dedicated to Saint Michael.

East Lindsey
East Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Horncastle and the largest town is Skegness. Other towns include Alford, Burgh le Marsh, Coningsby, Louth, Mablethorpe, Spilsby, Sutton on Sea, Wainfleet All Saints, Wragby and Woodhall Spa. The district also covers a large rural area, including many smaller settlements.

The district lies on the east coast, bordering the North Sea. The north-west of the district includes part of the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The neighbouring districts are Boston, North Kesteven, West Lindsey and North East Lincolnshire.
Phantom Ranch
Phantom Ranch is a lodge inside Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona. It sits at the bottom of Grand Canyon, on the east side of Bright Angel Creek, a little over half a mile north of the Creek's confluence with the Colorado River. Opened in 1922, Phantom Ranch is a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation.

Bright Angel Creek
Bright Angel Creek is a creek located at the bottom of the Grand Canyon National Park flowing into the Colorado River at the end of the North Kaibab Trail on the north side of the river.  The creek originates from Roaring Springs that emerge from a cliff along the North Kaibab Trail and drains to the Colorado.  The North Kaibab Trail largely follows the creek, including through "the Box," a narrow, high-walled part of the trail that becomes extremely hot in daylight during the summer months (April to October).

The confluence of the creek with the Colorado River flows through eroded canyons and debris of one of the base units of Granite Gorge on the river, the Vishnu Shist.
Thalkirchdorf
Thalkirchdorf is part of the municipality of Oberstaufen in Oberallgäu in the German state of Bavaria. From the AD 14th century on, the Konstanz valley was an important route for the transport of salt, an important good at the time.

Oberallgäu
Oberallgäu (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐˌʔalɡɔʏ]; Alemannic German: Landchrais Oberallgai) is a Landkreis (district) in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Unterallgäu and Ostallgäu, the Austrian states Tyrol and Vorarlberg, the district of Lindau, and the state of Baden-Württemberg (district Ravensburg). The city of Kempten is enclosed by but does not belong to the district. The district includes natural features such as the Ursersberg.
Athletics at the 2015 Pan American Games – Women's pole vault
The women's pole vault competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Pan American Games took place on July 23 at the CIBC Pan Am and Parapan Am Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Yarisley Silva of Cuba.

Athletics at the 2011 Pan American Games – Women's pole vault
The women's pole vault competition of the athletics events at the 2011 Pan American Games took place on the 24 of October at the Telmex Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Fabiana Murer of Brazil.
Sairyō Kofun
Sairyō Kofun (西陵古墳)  is a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound, located in the Tannowa neighborhood of the town of Misaki, Osaka in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus  and its surroundings were designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1922. It is the 28th largest kofun in Japan and dates from the 5th century AD. It is also called the Nishi Nisanzai Kofun (西二山在古墳)

Misaki, Osaka
Misaki (岬町, Misaki-chō) is a town located in Sen'nan District, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2022, the town had an estimated population of 15,035 in 7435 households and a population density of 310 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 49.18 square kilometres (18.99 sq mi).
2008 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – Pool B
Group B of the 2008 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II was one of two pools in the Asia/Oceania Zone Group II of the 2008 Fed Cup. Four teams competed in a round robin competition, with the teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to the 2009 Group I.

2008 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2008 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II were the final stage matches of the Group II Zonal Competition involving teams from Asia and Oceania. Using the positions determined in their pools, the nine teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2008 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II. The top team advanced to Group I for the next year.
Louisiana Swashbucklers
The Louisiana Swashbucklers were a professional indoor football team based in Lake Charles, Louisiana.  They were formed in 2005 as an expansion member of the National Indoor Football League (NIFL) and were originally known as the Southwest Louisiana Swashbucklers.  They replaced another NIFL franchise, the Lake Charles Land Sharks.  In 2006, they moved to the Intense Football League (IFL) and shortened their name to Louisiana Swashbucklers. They were originally set to play in the Indoor Football League due to the IFL's merger with United Indoor Football, but later had to bow out over financial concerns.  For their next three seasons, they were a member of the new Southern Indoor Football League.  Later a member of the Professional Indoor Football League, they played their home games at Sudduth Coliseum in Lake Charles, Louisiana.  On May 24, 2013, the team announced that they would be ceasing operations due to low turnout and cancelled the team's final home game.

Lake Charles, Louisiana
Lake Charles is the fifth-most populous city in the U.S. state of Louisiana, and the parish seat of Calcasieu Parish, located on the namesake lake, Prien Lake, and the Calcasieu River. Founded in 1861 in Calcasieu Parish, it is a major industrial, cultural, and educational center in the southwest region of Louisiana. As of the 2020 U.S. census, Lake Charles's population was 84,872.

The city and metropolitan area of Lake Charles is considered a significant center of petrochemical refining, gambling, tourism, and education, being home to McNeese State University and Sowela Technical Community College. Because of the lakes and waterways throughout the city, metropolitan Lake Charles is often called the "Lake Area".
Lois Haggen
Lois Mabel Haggen, (née Hill; September 16, 1899 – February 28, 1994) was a Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Grand Forks-Greenwood in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1956 to 1966. She was a member of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, which became the New Democratic Party during her term in office.

Born in Mobile, Alabama in 1899, she came to Canada and worked as a secretary. In 1925, she married Rupert Williams Haggen. After her husband became seriously ill, she succeeded him in the provincial assembly.

Following riding redistribution for the 1966 provincial election, Haggen ran for re-election in the new Boundary-Similkameen district, but was defeated by Frank Richter, Jr.

In 1966, Haggen went to the United Nations as Canada's representative on the Human Rights Committee. She died at Grand Forks in February 1994.

Frank Richter Jr.
Francis Xavier Richter Jr. (July 12, 1910 – November 20, 1977) was a Canadian politician who served as a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) of British Columbia, representing the riding of Similkameen from 1953 to 1966 and its successor riding Boundary-Similkameen from 1966 to 1975. Part of the Social Credit Party caucus, he was a cabinet minister under Premier W. A. C. Bennett, and served briefly as Leader of the Opposition following Bennett's resignation in 1973.
2022 South Dakota House of Representatives election
The 2022 South Dakota House of Representatives elections were held on November 8, 2022, as part of the biennial 2022 United States elections. All 70 seats in the South Dakota House of Representatives were up for election. Primary elections were held on June 7, 2022. The elections coincided with elections for other offices in South Dakota, including the US Senate, US House, South Dakota Governor, South Dakota Secretary of State, South Dakota Attorney General, and the South Dakota Senate.

Following the 2022 elections, Republicans expanded their supermajority by one seat, giving them a 63-to-7 member advantage over Democrats.

2022 South Dakota Secretary of State election
The 2022 South Dakota Secretary of State election was held on November 8, 2022, to elect the next secretary of state of South Dakota. Incumbent Republican Steve Barnett ran for re-election, but was defeated at the state convention by Monae Johnson.
Barrfields
Barrfields is a public recreation space on the site of Mansefield House in Largs, North Ayrshire, Scotland, originally given to the Largs Town Council in the 1920s,  now owned by North Ayrshire Council and a leisure trust.  The council subsequently built an extensive walled rose garden, a children's playpark, a theatre, meeting rooms, tearooms, a putting green and a sports ground (home to Largs Thistle). Only the sports ground, putting green and theatre remain.

From 1971 to 1973, much of the site was redeveloped into the Barrfields Sport and Leisure Centre, which became part of the Vikingar! Visitor and Leisure Centre.

Largs
Largs (Scottish Gaelic: An Leargaidh Ghallda) is a town on the Firth of Clyde in North Ayrshire, Scotland, about 33 mi (53 km) from Glasgow. The original name means "the slopes" (An Leargaidh) in Scottish Gaelic.

A popular seaside resort with a pier, the town markets itself on its historic links with the Vikings and an annual festival is held each year in early September. In 1263 it was the site of the Battle of Largs between the Norwegian and the Scottish armies.
Savo Sovre
Savo Sovre (7 July 1928 – 2008) was a Slovene painter also known for his illustrations of children's books.

He won the Levstik Award in 1964 for his illustrations for a Primary School German Exercise Book, but also illustrated many picture books and children's magazines.

He founded the Sovre Art School in Ljubljana.

Levstik Award
The Levstik Award (Slovene: Levstikova nagrada) is a literary award in Slovenia awarded for achievements in children's literature. It has been bestowed since 1949 by the Mladinska Knjiga Publishing House, making it the first literary award established by a Slovene publishing house after the Second World War. It includes a prize for original works of literature, original illustrations, and non-fiction books for children.

Up until 1989, it was awarded annually. Since then it has been awarded biannually. In the prize category for books only books published by the Mladinska Knjiga Publishing House are eligible for entry, but since 1999 the award for lifetime achievements in children's literature is the most prestigious award of its kind in Slovenia. The award is named after the 19th century Slovene writer, political activist and playwright Fran Levstik who also wrote works for children.
White River Formation
The White River Formation is a geologic formation of the Paleogene Period, in the northern Great Plains and central Rocky Mountains, within the United States.

It has been found in northeastern Colorado, Dawes County in western Nebraska, Badlands of western South Dakota, and Douglas area of southeastern Wyoming.

Rupelian
The Rupelian, in the geologic timescale, the older of two ages or the lower of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between 33.9 and 27.3 Ma. It is preceded by the Priabonian Stage (part of the Eocene) and is followed by the Chattian Stage. The Rupelian is also known, informally, as the early Oligocene  and lower Oligocene.
Golyam Mermer
Golyam Mermer (Bulgarian: Голям Мермер) is a summit in the western part of the Rila mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria reaching height of 2,602 m. It is located on the boundary between Rila National Park and Rila Monastery Nature Park.

The summit is located on the Malyovitsa ridge west of the imposing summit of Malyovitsa (2,729 m), from which it is separated through the wide Mermera saddle. The Malyovitsa ridge forms the main watershed of the Balkan Peninsula separating the Black Sea drainage basin to the north and the Aegean Sea one to the south. Northwest of Golyam Mermer are located the glacial Urdini Lakes.

South of the summit beings the Dalgia ridge, along which passes the winter trail to the Rila Monastery, situated south in the valley of the Rilska River. Along the summit passes the trail from the Malyovitsa refuge to the Ivan Vazov refuge (6 hours) and the summer trail to the Rila Monastery via the valley of the river Malka Drushlyavitsa.

Rilska River
The Rilska River (Bulgarian: Рилска река, Rilska reka, "Rila River") is a river in south-western Bulgaria, a left tributary of the Struma. The river is 51 km long and drains the western sections of the Rila mountain range.
Dunaújváros FC (1952)
Dunaújváros FC (previously known as Dunaferr SE) was a Hungarian football team from Dunaújváros. Though they won the Hungarian NB I in 1999–2000, recently they played in the second league, until the team withdrew in March 2009, ceasing its operations.

Nemzeti Bajnokság II
The Nemzeti Bajnokság II (or NBII), currently known as the Merkantil Bank Liga for sponsorship reasons, is the second tier of Hungarian football. At the end of the 2004–05 season, the tournament format was changed from one division of 14 teams to two divisions: Keleti (Eastern) and Nyugati (Western), each with 16 teams, though now it's just one league table with 16 teams as of the 2024–25 season. The champion and the runner-up will ascend to the first division, Nemzeti Bajnokság I, while the two lowest teams in second league are relegated to Nemzeti Bajnokság III.
General strike
A general strike (or mass strike) is a strike action in which a substantial proportion of the total labour force in a city, region, or country participates. General strikes are characterised by the participation of workers from a multitude of workplaces across different industries, and tend to involve entire communities. They are often used to strengthen the bargaining position of a trade union or achieve a common social or political goal. General strikes first occurred in the mid-19th century and have characterised many historically important strikes.

Winnipeg general strike
The Winnipeg General Strike of 1919 was one of the largest strikes in Canadian history. For six weeks, May 15 to June 26, more than 30,000 strikers brought economic activity to a standstill in Winnipeg, Manitoba, which at the time was Canada's third largest city.

In the short term, the strike ended in arrests and bloodshed. Over time it contributed to the development of a stronger labour movement and the tradition of social democratic politics in Canada. Winnipeg itself would see decline over the remainder of the twentieth century as both the east and west coasts had less need of its transport networks.
Charles River Broadcasting Company
Charles River Broadcasting Company was the owner of classical music stations, a classic rock station, a CNN Headline News affiliate, and a syndicated classical music program service, serving communities in Massachusetts and Rhode Island.

Orleans, Massachusetts
Orleans (/ɔːrˈliːnz/ or-LEENZ) is a town on Cape Cod in Massachusetts. The population was 6,307 at the 2020 census.

For geographic and demographic information on the census-designated place Orleans, please see the article Orleans CDP.