hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Type enforcement
The concept of type enforcement (TE), in the field of information technology, is an access control mechanism for regulating access in computer systems. Implementing TE gives priority to mandatory access control (MAC) over discretionary access control (DAC). Access clearance is first given to a subject (e.g. process) accessing objects (e.g. files, records, messages) based on rules defined in an attached security context.  A security context in a domain is defined by a domain security policy. In the Linux security module (LSM) in SELinux, the security context is an extended attribute. Type enforcement implementation is a prerequisite for MAC, and a first step before multilevel security (MLS) or its replacement multi categories security (MCS). It is a complement of  role-based access control (RBAC).

FLASK
The Flux Advanced Security Kernel (FLASK) is an operating system security architecture that provides flexible support for security policies. It is a joint venture between the National Security Agency, the University of Utah, and the Secure Computing Corporation project designed to provide a framework for a more secure operating system. Development and implementation started with the Mach microkernel, and has since shifted its focus to the Linux operating system. FLASK is a core framework in security-focused operating systems such as NSA's Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux), OpenSolaris FMAC and TrustedBSD. This means that SELinux can be thought of as an implementation of FLASK.
Idriz Seferi
Idriz Seferi (14 March 1847 – 25 March 1927) was an Albanian nationalist, revolutionary leader and guerrilla fighter who played a prominent role in the Albanian uprisings against the Ottoman Empire, the Kingdom of Serbia and Kingdom of Bulgaria during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. During his 56-year military career, he fought in 35 battles.

A member of both the League of Prizren and the League of Peja, he was a close collaborator of Isa Boletini, with whom he organized an Albanian uprising against the Ottoman Empire in 1910 in the Kosovo Vilayet. After the suppression of the uprising, Seferi continued fighting against the Ottoman authorities and played a prominent role in the Albanian uprising of 1912. In the First Balkan War, Boletini and Seferi rose up against Serbia and continued to attack Serbian posts in the subsequent occupation and initial phase of World War I (1913–1915). In the second phase of the war (1916–1918), he led his troops against Bulgarian forces.

Shevket Turgut Pasha
Shevket Turgut Pasha (Turkish: Şevket Turgut Paşa; 1857–1924) was an Ottoman Turkish army general with the rank of mirliva (major general), who also held the governmental title of pasha (lord). He went to the Prussian military school.
1906 Wyoming gubernatorial election
The 1906 Wyoming gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1906. Incumbent Republican Governor Bryant B. Brooks ran for re-election to a second term. After winning renomination against some intraparty challengers, he faced State Senator Stephen Keister in the general election. Brooks was ultimately able to win re-election by an overwhelming margin, setting a record for the largest majority in a state gubernatorial election, which would not be exceeded until Governor Stanley Hathaway's re-election in 1970.

1970 Wyoming gubernatorial election
The 1970 Wyoming gubernatorial election took place on November 3, 1970. Incumbent Republican governor Stanley Hathaway ran for re-election to a second term. He faced Democratic nominee John J. Rooney, a state representative and the former chairman of the Wyoming Democratic Party. Despite Democratic senator Gale W. McGee's strong performance in the U.S. Senate race, Hathaway's popularity proved an insurmountable obstacle for Rooney to overcome, and the Governor won a second term in a landslide.

After this race, no Republican would be elected Governor of Wyoming until 1994. This was the first time since 1930 that an incumbent Republican Governor of Wyoming was re-elected or won re-election.
2025 Santaizi ATP Challenger
The 2025 Santaizi ATP Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the eighth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Taipei, Taiwan between 3 and 9 November 2025.

2025 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2025 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2025 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 217 tournaments with prize money ranging from $60,000 up to $250,000. It was the 48th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 17th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Nagyágite
Nagyágite (Pb5Au(Te,Sb)4S(5–8)) is a rare sulfide mineral with known occurrence associated with gold ores. Nagyágite crystals are opaque, monoclinic and dark grey to black coloured.

It was first described in 1845 for an occurrence at the type locality of the Nagyág mine, Săcărâmb, Hunedoara County, Romania.

It occurs in gold–tellurium epithermal hydrothermal veins. Minerals associated with nagyágite include: altaite, petzite, stutzite, sylvanite, tellurantimony, coloradoite, krennerite,
native arsenic, native gold, proustite, rhodochrosite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, tetrahedrite, calaverite, tellurobismuthite, galena and pyrite.

Krennerite
Krennerite is an orthorhombic gold telluride mineral which can contain variable amounts of  silver in the structure. The formula is AuTe2, but specimen with gold substituted by up to 24% with silver have been found ([Au0.77Ag0.24]Te2). Both of the chemically similar gold-silver tellurides, calaverite and sylvanite, are in the monoclinic crystal system, whereas krennerite is orthorhombic.

The color varies from silver-white to brass-yellow. It has a specific gravity of 8.62 and a hardness of 2.5. It occurs in high temperature, hydrothermal environments.

Krennerite was discovered in 1878 near the village of Săcărâmb, Romania, and first described by the Hungarian mineralogist Joseph Krenner (1839–1920).
Moshe Schick
Moshe Schick (1 March 1807 – 25 January 1879; Hebrew: משה שיק, alternatively spelled as Shick, Shik, Shieck) was a prominent Hungarian Orthodox rabbi.
In rabbinical commentary Shik is commonly known as the Maharam Schick (מהר"ם שיק); Maharam is the Hebrew acronym for Moreinu Harav Moshe (מורינו הרב משה), which means "Our Teacher Rabbi Moses".

613 commandments
According to Jewish tradition, the Torah contains 613 commandments (Hebrew: תרי״ג מצוות, romanized: taryág mitsvót).

Although the number 613 is mentioned in the Talmud, its real significance increased in later medieval rabbinic literature, including many works listing or arranged by the mitzvot. The most famous of these was an enumeration of the 613 commandments by Maimonides. While the total number of commandments is 613, no individual can perform all of them. Many can only be observed at the Temple in Jerusalem, which no longer stands. According to one standard reckoning, there are 77 positive and 194 negative commandments that can be observed today, of which there are 26 commandments that apply only within the Land of Israel. In addition, some commandments only apply to certain categories of Jews: some are only observed by kohanim, and others only by men or by women.
Memory safety
Memory safety is the state of being protected from various software bugs and security vulnerabilities when dealing with memory access, such as buffer overflows and dangling pointers. For example, Java is memory-safe because its runtime error detection checks array bounds and pointer dereferences. By contrast, programming languages like C, C++, and Fortran allow arbitrary pointer arithmetic with pointers implemented as direct memory addresses with no provision for bounds checking, making them memory-unsafe. Memory-unsafe code is typically found in legacy programming languages, with modern programming languages generally incorporating either garbage collection (as in most languages) or static analysis (as in Rust) to prevent such errors (with the notable exception of Zig).

Software bug
A software bug is a defect (bug) in computer software. A computer program with many or serious bugs may be described as buggy.

The effects of a software bug range from minor (such as a misspelled word in the user interface) to severe (such as frequent crashing).

In 2002, a study commissioned by the US Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology concluded that "software bugs, or errors, are so prevalent and so detrimental that they cost the US economy an estimated $59 billion annually, or about 0.6 percent of the gross domestic product".

Since the 1950s, some computer systems have been designed to detect or auto-correct various software errors during operations.
Sant Joan Despí
Sant Joan Despí (Old Catalan for 'Saint John of the Pine'; Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsaɲ ʒuˈan dəsˈpi]) is a city and municipality located in the Baix Llobregat area (Barcelona province in Catalonia, Spain). It is situated on the left bank of the Llobregat river. Es is a dialectal form of the masculine article el, hence Despí would be rendered Del pi in standard Catalan.

Since 2006, the town has been the home of the FC Barcelona training ground and youth academy, the Ciutat Esportiva Joan Gamper; in 2019, the club's Johan Cruyff Stadium opened adjacent to the training facility, which is home to FC Barcelona Femení, FC Barcelona Atlètic, and Juvenil A (U19 A team).

Àrea Metropolitana de Barcelona
The Àrea Metropolitana de Barcelona (AMB; English: Metropolitan Area of Barcelona) is a public body operating on the principle of metropolitan authority. It is composed of representatives of Barcelona and 36 adjacent municipalities accounting for a population of 3,239,337 (Idescat, 2014) within an area of 636 km2. Its jurisdiction constitutes the main core of the unofficial Barcelona metropolitan area, with a population over 5 million.
Rhoda Roberts
Rhoda Ann Roberts AO (born 1960) is an Australian theatre and arts director, arts executive, television presenter, and actor. She was head of Indigenous programming at the Sydney Opera House from 2012 until 2021, among many other roles. She is also a highly respected Aboriginal elder, being afforded the title "Aunty" (Aunty Rhoda). She was a co-founder of the Aboriginal National Theatre Trust in 1987; has written for, produced, and presented work on television; was a producer at the Indigenous media agency Vibe Australia; founded the Festival of the Dreaming in 1997; and was cultural advisor for the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. She has also acted in, written, and directed numerous stage productions.

Belvoir (theatre company)
Belvoir is an Australian theatre company based at the Belvoir St Theatre in Sydney, Australia, originally known as Company B. Its artistic director is Eamon Flack. The theatre comprises two performing spaces: the Upstairs Theatre and the smaller Downstairs Theatre.
Shagou Township, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Shagou Township (Mandarin: 沙沟乡) is a township in Guinan County, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai, China. In 2010, Shagou Township had a total population of 7,786 people: 3,894 males and 3,892 females: 1,927 under 14 years old, 5,370 aged between 15 and 64 and 489 over 65 years old.

Guinan County
Guinan County (Chinese: 贵南县; Tibetan: མང་ར་རྫོང་།) is a county in the east of Qinghai Province, China. It is under the administration of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The seat of Guinan County is in the Town of Mangqu.
Connor Murphy
Connor Murphy (born March 26, 1993) is an American professional ice hockey player who is a defenseman and alternate captain for the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League. He was selected 20th overall in the 2011 NHL entry draft by the Phoenix Coyotes. He is the son of former NHL defenseman Gord Murphy.

USA Hockey National Team Development Program
The United States National Team Development Program (NTDP)  represents the United States in the IIHF World U18 Championship. Additionally the team plays domestically against opponents in the United States Hockey League (under-17 and under-18 teams), the National Collegiate Athletic Association (under-18 team), and other international tournaments. The program was started in 1996 by USA Hockey as a way to identify elite ice hockey players under the age of 18, and centralize their training. There are two teams in the program: under-17 and under-18. Both teams are based in Plymouth, Michigan.
Isyu ug Istorya
Isyu ug Istorya (lit. 'Issues and Stories') is a Philippine television documentary show broadcast by GMA Network in the Mindanao region. Hosted by John Paul Seniel, it premiered on July 19, 2014. The show concluded on February 28, 2015 with a total of 31 episodes. It served as a spin-off of Isyu Mindanao.

Isyu Ngayon
The Isyu Ngayon series (Issues Today) was a brand of regional news magazine shows of different GMA Regional TV stations in the Philippines. They were aired weekly in Dagupan, Cebu, Iloilo and Davao on Saturday mornings; and aired daily in Naga, Bacolod, Cagayan de Oro and General Santos. The Isyu Ngayon family of programs was not available in the Metro Manila market. Its editions in Naga, Iloilo, Bacolod and Davao were aired internationally via GMA News TV International.
Kurin, Syria
Kurin (Arabic: كورين, also spelled Korin) is a village in northern Syria, administratively part of the Idlib Governorate, located southwest of Idlib. Nearby localities include the district center Ariha and Nahlaya to the southeast, Maataram and Urum al-Jawz to the south, Basanqul to the southwest, Ayn Shib to the northwest and Faylun to the northeast. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Kurin had a population of 5,488 in the 2004 census.

Urum al-Jawz
Urum al-Jawz (Arabic: أورم الجوز, also called Ouram al-Jawz) is a village in northern Syria, administratively part of the Idlib Governorate, located south of Idlib. Nearby localities include Maataram to the north, Ariha to the northeast, Kafr Latah to the east, Sarja to the southeast, al-Rami to the south and Muhambal to the west. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Urum al-Jawz had a population of 4,683 in the 2004 census.
Siege of Naco
The siege of Naco was a major battle fought in the border town of Naco, Sonora, Mexico, between March 31 and April 6, 1929, during the Escobar Rebellion. Following their capture of Cananea in 1928 and the drafting of the "Plan of Hermosillo", rebel forces under the command of General José Gonzalo Escobar occupied Agua Prieta and from there moved to take control of Naco, which at the time was a small, dusty village opposite of Naco, Arizona, occupied by government forces loyal to President Emilio Portes Gil. The rebels hoped to fund the revolution using the revenue generated by Naco and Agua Prieta, where there was a significant amount of public support for their cause.

Patrick Murphy (pilot)
Patrick Murphy was an Irish-American pilot who mistakenly bombed the border town of Naco, Arizona in April 1929 during the Escobar Rebellion. Little is known of his personal life, though he may have come from Ardmore, Oklahoma.
Secret Story: Desafio Final 3
Secret Story - Casa dos Segredos: Desafio Final 3 was the third All-Stars season with housemates from seasons 2 to 5 of the Portuguese version of the reality show Secret Story, which based on the original French version and of Big Brother. The season started on 4 January 2015, and ended on 22 February 2015, making it the longest Desafio Final season so far. The prize is €15,000. The season was officially confirmed on 30 November 2014 when season 5 was airing, and it was given 3 passes to this season on that date. Portugal is the third country worldwide to have three All-Star seasons of the format.

Secret Story 3 (Portuguese season)
Secret Story - Casa dos Segredos 3 is the third season of the Portuguese version of the reality show Secret Story, based on the original French version of Secret Story, which itself is based on the international format, Big Brother. Audition for this season was opened in June 2012.

The season started on 16 September 2012 and ended 107 days later with the final on 31 December 2012, which acclaimed Rúben as the winner.
Maybe (Machine Gun Kelly song)
"Maybe" is a song by American musician Machine Gun Kelly. It was released on March 16, 2022, as the fourth single from his sixth studio album Mainstream Sellout. The song features performances from members of the British rock band Bring Me the Horizon.

Oli Sykes
Oliver Scott Sykes, known professionally as Oli Sykes (born 20 November 1986) is an English musician, and the lead vocalist and primary lyricist of the rock band Bring Me the Horizon. He founded apparel company Drop Dead Clothing and opened a vegan dinnery in Sheffield.
Johnstown, Navan
Johnstown (Irish: Baile Sheáin) is a village in County Meath, Ireland. Located about 3 kilometres (2 mi) southeast of Navan, the village is 40 km (30 mi) northwest of the Dublin city centre. The village lies close to the N3 national primary road. The surrounding area is primarily agricultural.

It is the home of the Walterstown GAA football club, and Johnstown FC.

Navan
Navan (/ˈnævən/ NAV-ən; Irish: An Uaimh [ənˠ ˈuəvʲ], meaning "the Cave") is the county town and largest town of County Meath, Ireland. It is at the confluence of the River Boyne and Blackwater, around 50 km northwest of Dublin. At the 2022 census, it had a population of 33,886, making it the fourteenth largest settlement in all of Ireland. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.
De Havilland Canada E-9A Widget
The Bombardier E-9A Widget is an American telemetry support and surveillance plane in service with the United States Air Force. It is used as an airborne platform and telemetry relay aircraft providing ocean surface surveillance for range safety and target telemetry of missiles fired for over the horizon profiles on the Gulf of Mexico Ranges.

Missile
A missile is an airborne ranged weapon capable of self-propelled flight aided usually by a propellant, jet engine or rocket motor.

Historically, 'missile' referred to any projectile that is thrown, shot or propelled towards a target; this usage is still recognized today with any unguided jet- or rocket-propelled weapons generally described as rocket artillery. Airborne explosive devices without propulsion are referred to as shells if fired by an artillery piece and bombs if dropped by an aircraft.

Missiles are also generally guided towards specific targets termed as guided missiles or guided rockets. Missile systems usually have five system components: targeting, guidance system, flight system, engine, and warhead. Missiles are primarily classified into different types based on firing source and target such as surface-to-surface, air-to-surface, surface-to-air and air-to-air missiles.
Basquiat: A Quick Killing in Art
Basquiat: A Quick Killing in Art is a book by journalist Phoebe Hoban, chronicling the life of American artist Jean-Michel Basquiat. Released in 1998 by Viking, the unauthorized biography was not endorsed by Basquiat's estate, but various people who were close to Basquiat contributed their recollections of him.

Unauthorized biography
An unauthorized biography, sometimes called a kiss-and-tell, or a tell-all, is a biography written without the subject's permission or input. The term is usually restricted to biographies written within the subject's lifetime or shortly after their death; as such, it is not applied to biographies of historical figures written long after their deaths.
Eucalyptus infracorticata
Eucalyptus infracorticata is a species of mallee that is endemic to a small area of Western Australia. It has rough, flaky or fibrous bark on the lower part of the trunk, broad lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven and short cylindrical fruit.

Mallee (habit)
Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber or xylopodium, usually to a height of no more than 10 m (33 ft). The term is widely used for trees with this  growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names.
Nadia Hai
Nadia Hai (born 8 March 1980) is a French politician of La République En Marche! (LREM) who served as Secretary of State to Minister of Territorial Development Jacqueline Gourault in the government of Prime Minister Jean Castex from 2020 to 2022. She previously served as member of the French National Assembly from the 2017 elections, representing the department of Yvelines. She lives and works in Paris.

Jacqueline Gourault
Jacqueline Gourault (French: [ʒa.klin ɡu.ʁo]; née Doliveux, born 20 November 1950) is a French politician who served as Minister of Territorial Cohesion and Relations with Local Authorities in the governments of successive Prime Ministers Édouard Philippe and Jean Castex from 2018 to 2022. A member of the Democratic Movement (MoDem), she previously served as Minister attached to the Minister of the Interior from 2017 to 2018. In 2022, she was appointed to the Constitutional Council by President Emmanuel Macron.
Bleu du Maine
The Bleu du Maine is a French breed of domestic sheep. It originated in the historic region of Maine, and is distributed mainly in the départements of Maine-et-Loire, the Mayenne and the Sarthe in the Pays de la Loire in western France.

It is a large and prolific sheep, characterised by the distinctive blue face from which its name derives.: 765  It is raised primarily for meat.

Leicester Longwool
The Leicester Longwool is an English breed of sheep. Alternative names for the breed include: Leicester, Bakewell Leicester, Dishley Leicester, English Leicester, Improved Leicester and New Leicester. It was originally developed by 18th-century breeding innovator Robert Bakewell.

It is now one of Britain's rarest breeds, categorised as "endangered" by the Rare Breeds Survival Trust, since fewer than 500 registered breeding females remain in the United Kingdom.
Tooligie, South Australia
Tooligie is a small town in South Australia on the Eyre Peninsula about 290 kilometres (180 miles) west of the Adelaide city centre and about 84 kilometres (52 miles) north of the city of Port Lincoln.

Tooligie was declared as a government town by Governor Hore Ruthven  on 30 May 1929.  The boundaries of the locality which do include the former government town were created in November 1999.  The name is reported to have been derived from a hill located to the east of the town.

The following protected areas are located within Tooligie - the Hincks Conservation Park and the Peachna Conservation Park.

The Tod Highway and the Cummins to Wudinna branch of the Eyre Peninsula Railway both pass through the locality with a railway station being located at the site of the former government town.

Tooligie is located within the federal division of Grey, the state electoral district of Flinders and the local government area of the District Council of Elliston.

Eyre Peninsula
The Eyre Peninsula is a triangular peninsula in South Australia. It is bounded by the Spencer Gulf on the east, the Great Australian Bight on the west, and the Gawler Ranges to the north.

Earlier called Eyre's Peninsula, it was named after explorer Edward John Eyre, who explored parts of the peninsula in 1839–41. The coastline was first charted by the expeditions of Matthew Flinders in 1801–02 and French explorer Nicolas Baudin around the same time. Flinders also named the nearby Yorke's Peninsula and Spencer's Gulph on the same voyage.

The peninsula's economy is primarily agricultural, with growing aquaculture, mining, and tourism sectors. The main towns are Port Lincoln in the south, Whyalla and Port Augusta in the northeast, and Ceduna in the northwest. Port Lincoln (Galinyala in Barngarla), Whyalla and Port Augusta (Goordnada) are part of the Barngarla Aboriginal country.: 230  Ceduna is within Wirangu country.