hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spiradisc
Spiradisc (often misspelled as "Spiradisk") was a copy protection scheme used by Sierra On-Line on their floppy disk releases for the Apple II.
The technique, developed by Mark Duchaineau, involved writing the data on spiralling paths on the disk rather than in concentric circles.  Initially, no commercial copying software or bit nibbler could successfully copy the disks it was applied to.

Games which used Spiradisc copy protection include Lunar Leepers, Frogger, some very early versions of Ultima II, Jawbreaker, Maze Craze Construction Set, and Pest Patrol.

Eventually, Copy II Plus version 5 was able to successfully defeat this copy protection.

Copy protection
Copy protection, also known as content protection, copy prevention and copy restriction, is any measure to enforce copyright by preventing the reproduction of software, films, music, and other media.

Copy protection is most commonly found on videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, HD-DVDs, computer software discs, video game discs and cartridges, audio CDs and some VCDs. It also may be incorporated into digitally distributed versions of media and software.

Some methods of copy protection have also led to criticism because it caused inconvenience for paying consumers or secretly installed additional or unwanted software to detect copying activities on the consumer's computer.
Tanks of the United States
The United States has produced tanks since their inception in World War I, up until the present day. While there were several American experiments in tank design, the first American tanks to see service were copies of French light tanks and a joint heavy tank design with the United Kingdom.

In the interwar period there was reduced development due to the low expenditure on war material following the US non-interventionist policy and the financial position.

In World War II, the US came to the fore with tanks designed for mass production and reliability reflecting the US position as the "arsenal of democracy".

The U.S. has been greatly influential in the design philosophy, production and doctrine of tanks, and has been responsible for some of the most successful tank designs.

M1919 Browning machine gun
The M1919 Browning is a .30 caliber medium machine gun that was widely used during the 20th century, especially during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. The M1919 saw service as a light infantry, coaxial, mounted, aircraft, and anti-aircraft machine gun by the U.S and many other countries.

The M1919 was an air-cooled development of the standard U.S. machine gun of World War I, the John M. Browning-designed water-cooled M1917. The emergence of general-purpose machine guns in the 1950s pushed the M1919 into secondary roles in many cases, especially after the arrival of the M60 in US Army service.

The United States Navy also converted many to 7.62 mm NATO and designated them Mk 21 Mod 0; they were commonly used on riverine craft in the 1960s and 1970s in Vietnam. Many NATO countries also converted their examples to 7.62 mm caliber, and these remained in service well into the 1990s, as well as up to the present day in some countries.
Table Tennis Canada
Table Tennis Canada (French: Tennis de Table Canada), colloquially known as TTCAN, is the non-profit governing body for table tennis in Canada and is responsible for cataloging and sanctioning tournaments within Canada. It was founded in 1929 as the Canadian Table Tennis Association. In addition to processing tournaments, TTCAN maintains a national rating and ranking system. It also oversees the Canadian National Teams. In total, TTCAN has over 9,000 members. The headquarters of Canada Table Tennis is located in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, which is also home to the Canadian Olympic Training Center.

North American Table Tennis Championships
The North American Table Tennis Championships is a table tennis tournament for North America. It was first held in 1985 in Lake Placid. After this edition the North American Championships were suspended till 1991. Since 1991, the tournament was held every year.
El Colecio
Colecio, also written Colesio, is a town in the Mexican state of Michoacán. The town is the largest community of  many other smaller communities from the Municipality of Ecuandureo.

The town of El Colecio is located between the cities of La Piedad and Zamora, along Mexican Federal Highway 15D. The town is located on the Tarascan Plateau in the northwestern part of the state, at an approximate elevation of 1,567 m (5,141 ft) above sea level. El Colecio is surrounded by the fertile Tziróndaro Valley which is an important agricultural area that exports large amounts of produce to the United States.

Zamora, Michoacán
Zamora de Hidalgo (Spanish pronunciation: [saˈmoɾa de iˈdalɢo]) is a city in the Mexican state of Michoacán. The 2010 census population was 141,627, making it the third largest city in the state. The city is the municipal seat of Zamora Municipality, which has an area of 330.97 km2 (127.79 sq mi) and includes many other smaller communities, the largest of which is Ario de Rayón (formerly known as 
Ario de Santa Mónica). The municipality's population is around 186,102, which makes it the second most populous urban area in the state.

The city of Zamora is an important economic center in the state and the most significant population center between the cities of Morelia and Guadalajara. The city is located on the Tarascan Plateau in the northwestern part of the state, at an elevation of 1,567 m (5,141 ft) above sea level. Zamora is surrounded by the fertile Tziróndaro Valley which is an important agricultural area that exports large amounts of produce to the United States.
KQNG-FM
KQNG-FM (93.5 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a contemporary hit radio format. Licensed to Lihue, Hawaii, United States, the station serves the Kauaʻi area. The station is currently owned by Pacific Media Group. PMG's Kauaʻi stations also include KUAI Country, Shaka Rocks 103, and HI95 Kauaʻi.

KUAI
KUAI (570 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a "real country" format covering music from roughly 1970-2010. Licensed to Eleele in the U.S. state of Hawaii, the station serves the Kauai area. The station is currently owned by Pacific Media Group, through licensee Pacific Radio Group, Inc.
Antonio López (footballer, born 1965)
Antonio López Alfaro, (born 20 May 1965 in Iniesta, Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a centre forward.

He spent thirteen season with Albacete Balompié, becoming their all-time top scorer, and being a key part of the legendary side which achieved consecutive promotions to reach La Liga for the first time in the club's history in 1991. He played 108 matches in the top flight for Albacete, before joining Extremadura, where he added 11 appearances in one further La Liga season.

1986 Copa de la Liga
The 1986 Copa de la Liga was the fourth and last edition of Copa de la Liga. The competition started on May 1, 1986, and concluded on June 14, 1986. Due to time constraints, saturation and club pressure, the Copa de la Liga only lasted four years since 1982, being cancelled in 1986.
Texas State Highway 312
State Highway 312 (SH 312) is a proposed state highway from US Highway 90 Alternate (Alt. US 90) just west of SH 6 south to Interstate 69/U.S. Highway 59 (I-69/US 59). The highway was originally designated in 1986 as SH 362, and was renumbered as SH 312 in 1987. As of 2020, the highway has yet to be built.

The original SH 312 was designated on March 21, 1939, from Karnes City southwest to the Atascosa–Karnes county line. On September 26, 1939, this became part of SH 80.

Texas State Highway 6
State Highway 6 (SH 6) runs from the Red River, the Texas–Oklahoma state line, to northwest of Galveston, where it is known as the Old Galveston Highway. In Sugar Land and Missouri City, it is known as Alvin-Sugarland Road and runs perpendicular to Interstate 69/U.S. Highway 59 (I-69/US 59). In the Houston area, it runs north to Farm to Market Road 1960 (FM 1960), then northwest along US 290 to Hempstead, and south to Westheimer Road and Addicks, and is known as Addicks Satsuma Road. In the Bryan–College Station area, it is known as the Earl Rudder Freeway. In Hearne, it is known as Market Street. In Calvert, it is known as Main Street. For most of its length, SH 6 is not a limited-access road. In 1997, the Texas Legislature designated SH 6 as the Texas Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway.
The Sims Mobile
The Sims Mobile was a life simulation game based on The Sims 4 for Android and iOS, published by Electronic Arts and initially developed by Maxis. It was announced on May 9, 2017, and was released on March 6, 2018. It featured a multiplayer component and includes story elements.

On January 29, 2024, EA announced that The Sims Mobile would no longer receive new events or content updates, but instead receive re-runs of past updates and events, and the online servers will remain active.

The game was delisted from the Apple App Store and Google Play Store on October 21, 2025. Players who downloaded the game before this date were able to play the game until the servers shut down on January 20, 2026.

Life simulation game
Life simulation games form a subgenre of simulation video games in which the player lives or controls one or more virtual characters (human or otherwise). Such a game can revolve around "individuals and relationships, or it could be a simulation of an ecosystem". Other terms include artificial life game and simulated life game (SLG).
Rękoraj
Rękoraj [rɛŋˈkɔrai̯] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Moszczenica, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) west of Moszczenica, 14 km (9 mi) north of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 33 km (21 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Moszczenica, Piotrków County
Moszczenica [mɔʂt͡ʂɛˈnit͡sa] is a village in Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Moszczenica. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) north of Piotrków Trybunalski and 36 km (22 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.
Caracal (genus)
Caracal is a genus in the subfamily Felinae of the family Felidae. It was proposed by John Edward Gray in 1843 who described a skin from the Cape of Good Hope in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London. Historically, it was considered to be a monotypic genus, consisting of only the type species: the caracal C. caracal.

Felinae
The Felinae or small cats are a subfamily of the Felidae distinguished by a bony hyoid, because of which they can purr but not roar.
Other authors have proposed an alternative definition for this subfamily, as comprising only the living conical-toothed cat genera, with two tribes, the Felini and Pantherini, and excluding the extinct sabre-toothed Machairodontinae.
Black Diamond (The Rippingtons album)
Black Diamond is the tenth album by American Jazz group The Rippingtons. Released in 1997, it was their first project for the Windham Hill label after the transfer of Peak Records from GRP earlier that year. The album reached number one on Billboard's contemporary jazz chart.

Windham Hill Records
Windham Hill Records was an independent record label that specialized in instrumental acoustic music. It was founded by guitarist William Ackerman and Anne Robinson (née McGilvray) in 1976 and was popular in the 1980s and 1990s.

The label was purchased by BMG through a series of buyouts from 1992 through 1996. It is now a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment, following Sony's acquisition of BMG Music in 2007. Private Music, also a subsidiary of BMG, has issued some back-catalog releases under the Windham Hill Records imprint. Since the Sony merger in 2007, Windham Hill has released no new material but reissues albums and compilations as part of Sony's Legacy Recordings brand.
HSwMS Mjölner (32)
HSwMS Mjölner was a coastal destroyer of the Royal Swedish Navy, built by Eriksbergs Mekaniska Verkstad and launched on 9 April 1942 as the last of the four ship Mode class. After serving during World War II, the ship was updated and reclassified a frigate in 1953. Decommissioned in 1966, Mjölner was sold for scrap in 1969.

Mode-class destroyer
The Mode class or Mjölner class was a class of four coastal destroyers commissioned by the Royal Swedish Navy during World War II. The design was based on the preceding Psilander class purchased from Italy but with Swedish equipment and armament. The destroyers served as coastal escorts. The class was moderately upgraded and reclassified as frigates during the early part of the Cold War. After nearly thirty years of service, the last vessel was retired in 1970.
Axi language
Axi (Chinese: 阿细 Axi; Ahi; autonym: ɑ21 ɕi55 pʰo21) is one of the Loloish languages spoken by the Yi people of China. The Axi are one of the main linguistic sub-branches of Yi, and the Axi tiaoyue is a dance of the Axi speaking Yi people accompanied by the sanhu.

Axi is spoken in Mile, Shilin, Kunming, Luxi, and Huaning counties by about 110,000 speakers.

Loloish languages
The Loloish languages, also known as Yi (like the Yi people) and occasionally Ngwi or Nisoic, are a sub-branch of 50–100 Tibeto-Burman languages spoken primarily in the Yunnan province of Southwestern China. They are most closely related to Burmese and its relatives. Both the Loloish and Burmish branches are well defined, as is their superior node, Lolo-Burmese. However, sub-classification is more contentious.

The 2013 edition of Ethnologue  estimated a total number of 9 million native speakers of Loloish ("Ngwi") languages, the largest group being the speakers of Nuosu (Northern Yi) at 2 million speakers.
Khirbat Bayt Far
Khirbat Bayt Far was a Palestinian village in the Ramle Subdistrict of Mandatory Palestine, located 14 km south of Ramla.  It was depopulated during the 1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on April 7, 1948.

Ramle Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Ramle Subdistrict was  one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was part of Lydda District of the British Mandate of Palestine. The sub-district's main city was Ramle. Its total population in 1944 was estimated at 123,490, of which 88,560 were Muslims; 29,420 were Jews; and 5,500 were Christians. A number of Palestinian Arab villages in the subdistrict were ethnically cleansed during the Nakba, both by Zionist forces prior to the Israeli declaration of independence and after by Israeli forces. Following the war the area that had made up Ramla Subdistrict became a part of Israel's Central District, being mostly subdivided between a newly created Ramla Subdistrict and Rehovot Subdistrict.
Sun-Hwa Kwon
Sun-hwa Kwon, better known simply as "Sun", is a fictional character on the ABC television series Lost played by Yunjin Kim. Sun-hwa Kwon is the daughter of a powerful and incredibly wealthy Korean businessman and mobster.

C-4 (explosive)
C-4 or Composition C-4 is a common variety of the plastic explosive family known as Composition C, which uses RDX as its explosive agent. C-4 is composed of explosives, plastic binder, plasticizer to make it malleable, and usually a marker or odorizing taggant chemical. C-4 has a texture similar to modelling clay and can be molded into any desired shape. C-4 is relatively insensitive and can be detonated only by the shock wave from a detonator or blasting cap.

A similar British plastic explosive, also based on RDX but with a plasticizer different from that used in Composition C-4, is known as PE-4 (Plastic Explosive No. 4).
George Hodgson (Royal Navy officer)
George Henry Hodgson (25 January 1817–c. 1848) was an English Royal Navy officer and polar explorer. He fought in the First Opium War (1839-1842) where he distinguished himself in combat. He later served under Captain Francis Crozier as Second Lieutenant aboard HMS Terror on the 1845 Franklin Expedition, which sought to chart unexplored areas of the Canadian Arctic, find the Northwest Passage, and carry out scientific observations. All personnel of the expedition, including Hodgson, perished in what is now Nunavut, Canada.

HMS Terror (1813)
HMS Terror was a specialised warship and a newly developed bomb vessel constructed for the Royal Navy in 1813. She participated in several battles of the War of 1812, including the Battle of Baltimore with the bombardment of Fort McHenry. She was converted into a polar exploration ship two decades later, and participated in George Back's Arctic expedition of 1836–1837, the successful Ross expedition to the Antarctic of 1839 to 1843, and Sir John Franklin's ill-fated attempt to force the Northwest Passage in 1845, during which she was lost with all hands along with HMS Erebus.

On 12 September 2016, the Arctic Research Foundation announced that the wreck of Terror had been found in Nunavut's Terror Bay, off the southwest coast of King William Island. The wreck was discovered 92 km (57 mi) south of the location where the ship was reported abandoned, and some 50 km (31 mi) from the wreck of HMS Erebus, discovered in September 2014.
Transport in Paraguay
Paraguay's transportation system ranges from adequate to poor, largely depending on the region of the country. The country has a network of roads, railroads, rivers, and airports, but significant infrastructure and regulation improvements are needed.

Paraguay River
The Paraguay River (Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Río Paraguay in Spanish) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil and Paraguay and forming parts of the Paraguay-Argentina, Brazil-Bolivia, and Brazil-Paraguay borders. It flows about 2,621 kilometres (1,629 mi) from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia.
2013–14 Malmö Redhawks season
The 2013–14 season was Malmö Redhawks's seventh consecutive season in the HockeyAllsvenskan, the second-highest league in the Swedish ice hockey system. The regular season began on 12 September 2013 away against IF Björklöven, and finished on 4 March 2014 home against Timrå IK. The team finished in first place in the regular season and thus qualified for play in the 2014 Kvalserien. The Redhawks finished in fourth place in Kvalserien, this means that the club stayed in HockeyAllsvenskan for the 2014–15 season.

HockeyAllsvenskan
HockeyAllsvenskan (previously Allsvenskan and SuperAllsvenskan) is a professional ice hockey league, and the second-highest league in the Swedish ice hockey system, after the SHL. Since the 2009–10 season, the league has consisted of fourteen teams.
1978 Rutgers Scarlet Knights football team
The 1978 Rutgers Scarlet Knights football team represented Rutgers University in the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their sixth season under head coach Frank R. Burns, the Scarlet Knights compiled a 9–3 record while competing as an independent. The team outscored its opponents 284 to 165 and finished the season with a 34–18 loss to Arizona State in the Garden State Bowl. The team's statistical leaders included Bob Hering with 1,193 passing yards, Glen Kehler with 883 rushing yards, and David Dorn with 535 receiving yards. It was the Scarlet Knights' first major bowl appearance.

Frank R. Burns
Frank Robert Burns (March 16, 1928 – July 14, 2012) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head coach at Johns Hopkins University from 1951 to 1952 and at Rutgers University from 1973 to 1983, compiling a career college football record of 84–52–2. In 1978, Burns led the Rutgers Scarlet Knights to their first bowl game, the now-defunct Garden State Bowl.
Tender Napalm
Tender Napalm is a 2011 play by Philip Ridley. Ridley's eighth stage play for adults, it premiered at London's Southwark Playhouse on 19 April 2011.

The original production was directed by David Mercatali, who previously directed the professional revival of Ridley's 2004 play Moonfleece in 2010. Since then Mercatali has collaborated with Ridley a number of times in directing the premiere productions for the majority of Ridley's new stage plays.

The production starred Vinette Robinson as Woman and Jack Gordon as Man, who had previously played a minor role in the 2009 horror film Heartless which was written and directed by Ridley.

The Storyteller Sequence
The Storyteller Sequence is a series of one act dramas written for young people by Philip Ridley. The plays, all set in east London, use fairytale stories and theatrical conventions to reveal the traumas of their young protagonists. To date there are five plays in the sequence, although Ridley has intimated there will eventually be seven. The five written to date are Karamazoo, Fairytaleheart, Moonfleece, Sparkleshark and Brokenville; note that although this is not the order in which the plays were written and performed chronologically, it is the order Ridley intends the finished "sequence" to run.

A collection bringing together the five plays produced so far in the sequence was published by Bloomsbury Methuen Drama in late 2015.
Variable import levy
A variable import levy is a levy on imports that raises their price to a level at least as high as the domestic price.

This kind of levies are adjusted frequently (hence variable) in response to changes in world market prices, and are imposed to defend administered prices set above world market prices.

Under the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture, the variable levies of the EU have been converted into fixed tariffs or tariff-rate quotas.

Import
Import is the activity within international trade which involves buying and receiving goods and services produced in another country. An importer is a person, organization or country receiving imported goods which have been exported from another country. Importation and exportation are the defining financial transactions of international trade. The seller of such goods and services is called an exporter.

In international trade, the importation and exportation of goods are limited by import quotas and mandates from the customs authority. The importing and exporting jurisdictions may impose a tariff (tax) on the goods. In addition, the importation and exportation of goods are subject to trade agreements between the importing and exporting jurisdictions.
2017–18 Southeastern Conference women's basketball season
The 2017–18 Southeastern Conference women's basketball season began with practices in October 2017, followed by the start of the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season in November. Conference play started in late December 2017 and concluded in February 2018, followed by the 2018 SEC women's basketball tournament at the Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee.

Bridgestone Arena
Bridgestone Arena (originally Nashville Arena, and formerly Gaylord Entertainment Center and Sommet Center) is a multi-purpose indoor arena in downtown Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Completed in 1996, it is the home of the Nashville Predators of the National Hockey League.
Clapham, South Australia
Clapham (postcode 5062), located approximately 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) south of the Adelaide city centre, is a primarily residential suburb situated within the City of Mitcham, incorporating some of the foothills. The suburb is named after Clapham in London, England. Neighbouring suburbs are Colonel Light Gardens, Panorama, Lynton, Torrens Park and Lower Mitcham.

Lower Mitcham, South Australia
Lower Mitcham is an inner southern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia in the local government area of Mitcham. To the north, it is bounded by Grange Road, to the east by Belair Road, to the south by Murray Street. To the west, the suburb is bordered by a line running from Murray Street along View Street and continuing north to Grange Road.

There is only one institution in the suburb, the former Mitcham Primary School, which is now a Community Centre. There are no surviving shops in commercial use, there is a Guild Hall on Wattle Street, and there is the Mitcham Railway Station. There is a small sports (tennis) centre on Denman Terrace. All other buildings in the suburb are private residences. Many of the homes were built in the 1920s in the California Bungalow style.