hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1946 United States Senate election in Montana
The 1946 United States Senate election in Montana took place on November 5, 1946. Incumbent United States Senator Burton K. Wheeler, who was first elected to the Senate in 1922, and was re-elected in 1928, 1934, and 1940, ran for re-election. He was challenged in the Democratic primary by Leif Erickson, the Chief Justice of the Montana Supreme Court, and, following a close election, was narrowly defeated by Erickson. In the general election, Erickson faced State Senator Zales Ecton, the Republican nominee. Ultimately, Ecton defeated Erickson by a fairly wide margin, winning his first and only term in the Senate. Another Republican would not be elected Senator from Montana until 42 years later, when Conrad Burns narrowly won the 1988 election.

1928 United States Senate election in Montana
The 1928 United States Senate election in Montana took place on November 6, 1928. Incumbent United States Senator Burton K. Wheeler, who was first elected to the Senate in 1922, ran for re-election. After defeating several challengers in the Democratic primary, Wheeler advanced to the general election, where he faced Republican nominee Joseph M. Dixon, the former Governor of Montana who had previously served in the United States Senate from 1907 to 1913. Though the election was closer than Wheeler's first election, he still managed to defeat Dixon to win his second term in the Senate.
Prizes of Ukraine in Literature
Prizes of Ukraine in Literature (Ukrainian: Літературні Премії України) is a material or honorary encouragement of writer or authors in Ukraine for achievements in various genres of literature.

Shevchenko National Prize

Maksym Rylsky Prize

Pavlo Tychyna Prize

Republican Prize in a field of literary-fiction critic

Lesya Ukrainka Prize

Nikolai Ostrovsky Prize of the Lenin's Komsomol of Ukraine

Yaroslav Hadan Republican Prize in a field of journalism

Andriy Holovko Prize

Yuriy Yanovsky Prize

Ivan Franko Prize

Pavlo Usenko Prize of the Molod Publishing

Oleksandr Kopylenko Prize of the Barvinok magazine

Vasyl Stus Prize

Kobzar Literary Award

Maksym Rylsky Prize
Maksym Rylsky prize is given annually recognizing outstanding literary works of translation into Ukrainian language and translation of classical or contemporary literary works from Ukrainian to other languages. Named after Maksym Rylsky, Ukrainian poet and translator.
Cephalotes jheringi
Cephalotes jheringi is a species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they are on. Giving their name also as gliding ants.

Cephalotes
Cephalotes is a genus of tree-dwelling ant species from the Americas, commonly known as turtle ants. All appear to be gliding ants, with the ability to "parachute" and steer their fall so as to land back on the tree trunk rather than fall to the ground, which is often flooded.
Menehune
Menehune are a mythological race of dwarf-like people in Hawaiian tradition who are said to live in the deep forests and hidden valleys of the Hawaiian Islands, hidden and far away from human settlements.

The Menehune are described as superb craftspeople. They built temples (heiau), fishponds, roads, canoes, and houses. Some of these structures that Hawaiian folklore attributed to the Menehune still exist. They are said to have lived in Hawaiʻi before settlers arrived from Polynesia many centuries ago. Their favorite food is the maiʻa (banana), and they also like fish. Legend has it that the Menehune appear only during the night hours to build masterpiece, and if they fail to complete their work in the length of the night, they will leave it unoccupied. No one but their children and humans connected to them can see the Menehune.

Aliʻi
The aliʻi were the traditional nobility of the Hawaiian islands. They were part of a hereditary line of rulers, the noho aliʻi. There were many classes of aliʻi (or chief) and the position could be held by a man or a woman.

Cognates of the word aliʻi have a similar meaning in other Polynesian languages; in Māori it is ariki and in Tahitian ari'i.
St Margarets, Herefordshire
St Margarets is a village and civil parish 11 miles (18 km) west of Hereford, in the county of Herefordshire, England. The parish includes the hamlet of Upper Maes-coed. In 2011 the parish had a population of 180. The parish touches Abbey Dore, Bacton, Dulas, Longtown, Michaelchurch Escley, Newton, Peterchurch, Turnastone and Vowchurch. St Margarets shares a parish council with Michaelchurch Escley, Newton, Turnastone and Vowchurch called "Vowchurch and District Group Parish Council".

Vowchurch
Vowchurch is a village and civil parish in Herefordshire, England, situated in the Golden Valley, on the River Dore. The village is about 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Hereford. According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 163, increasing to 176 according to the 2011 census.

The place-name 'Vowchurch' is first attested in the Taxatio Ecclesiastica of 1291, where it appears as Fowchirche. The name means 'multi-coloured church', from the Old English fāg meaning 'multi-coloured'. The same derivation is found in Frome Vauchurch in Dorset.

The Grade I listed parish church of St Bartholomew serves a large ecclesiastical parish.

The village was served by Vowchurch railway station from 1881 to 1949.
Little Sandy Bottom Pond
Little Sandy Bottom Pond is a 54-acre (220,000 m2) pond in Pembroke, Massachusetts, in the Bryantville section of town. The pond is a Class A tributary to Great Sandy Bottom Pond, a public water supply for the Abington/Rockland Joint Water Works.

Pembroke, Massachusetts
Pembroke is a town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States. Pembroke is a South Shore suburb of the Boston metropolitan area. The town is located approximately halfway between Boston and Cape Cod. The town is considered rural in character, with pockets of suburban neighborhoods. The population was 18,361 at the 2020 census, with a median household income of $119,827.

Neighborhoods include Bryantville (along the Hanson town line), North Pembroke and East Pembroke.
Beer in Scotland
Beer in Scotland is mostly produced by breweries in the central Lowlands, which also contain the main centres of population. Edinburgh and Alloa in particular became noted for the export of beer around the world in the 19th century.

Real ale
Real ale is the name coined by the Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA) for ale that is "brewed from traditional ingredients, matured by secondary fermentation in the container from which it is dispensed, and served without the use of extraneous carbon dioxide".
Corunna, New South Wales
Corunna is a village in Eurobodalla Shire on the South Coast of New South Wales. It is located 357 km south of Sydney, and 53 km south of Moruya.

The population of Corunna and the surrounding area was 63 at the 2016 census.

Eurobodalla Shire
Eurobodalla Shire is a local government area located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire is located in a largely mountainous coastal region and situated adjacent to the Tasman Sea, the Princes Highway and the Kings Highway.

The mayor of Eurobodalla Shire Council is Cr. Mathew Hatcher, an unaligned politician.

He is also the youngest mayor, in the modern-era, ever for the Eurobodalla. The Deputy Mayor, Cllr Alison Worthington, is the first female Deputy Mayor for the Eurobodalla.
The Old Den
The Old Den (known while in use as the Den) was the fifth football stadium occupied by Millwall F.C. in Cold Blow Lane, New Cross, London since their formation in Millwall on the Isle of Dogs in 1885 before moving to the New Den (now called the Den), in May 1993. The ground opened in 1910 and was the home of Millwall for 83 years. It boasted a record attendance of 48,672 (v Derby County in 1937). Millwall played a total of 1788 games at the Den in all competitions, winning 976, losing 360 and with 452 drawn.

Surrey Commercial Docks
The Surrey Commercial Docks were a large group of docks in Rotherhithe, South East London, located on the south bank (the Surrey side) of the River Thames.

The docks operated in one form or another from 1696 to 1969. Most were subsequently filled in and redeveloped for residential housing, and the area is now known as Surrey Quays, although the name Surrey Docks is retained for the electoral ward.
Zac Williams (Australian footballer)
Zachary Williams (born 20 September 1994) is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the Carlton Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). A utility, 1.85 metres tall and weighing 84 kilograms, Williams also plays as a defender and mid-fielder. Williams previously represented the Greater Western Sydney Football Club, playing 113 games over eight seasons from 2013 to 2020. He was recruited by Greater Western Sydney as the 54th pick in the 2012 AFL Rookie Draft, making his debut in round five of the 2013 AFL season. Williams earned a nomination for the 2013 AFL Rising Star award and has played the 14th most games for Greater Western Sydney Club. At the end of the 2020 season, Williams signed with Carlton as a restricted free agent.

Glossary of Australian rules football
This list is an alphabetical glossary of Australian rules football terms, jargon and slang. While some of these entries are shared with other sports, Australian rules football has developed a unique and rich terminology.

Where words in a sentence are also defined elsewhere in this article, they appear in italics.
Chyleniec
Chyleniec [xɨˈlɛɲɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nieborów, within Łowicz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) south of Nieborów, 13 km (8 mi) south-east of Łowicz, and 51 km (32 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Nieborów
Nieborów [ɲɛˈbɔruf] is a village in Łowicz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Nieborów. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) east of Łowicz and 60 km (37 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The village is famous for the Arkadia park situated nearby and the Nieborów Palace and park. The palace is a former home of the Radziwill family.
Leo Thomas Maher
Leo Thomas Maher (July 1, 1915 – February 23, 1991) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Santa Rosa in California (1962–1969) and as bishop of the Diocese of San Diego in California (1969–1990).

Abortion-rights movement
Abortion-rights movements, also self-styled as pro-choice movements, are movements that advocate for legal access to induced abortion services, including elective abortion. They seek to represent and support women who wish to terminate their pregnancy without fear of legal or social backlash.  These movements are in direct opposition to anti-abortion movements.

The issue of induced abortion remains divisive in public life, with recurring arguments to liberalize or restrict access to legal abortion services. Some abortion-rights supporters are divided as to the types of abortion services that should be available under different circumstances, including periods in the pregnancy such as late term abortions, in which access may or may not be restricted.
Nangus, New South Wales
Nangus is a village on the Wagga Wagga to Gundagai Road on the north side of the Murrumbidgee River. From Nangus, Junee, Gundagai, Wantabadgery, Oura and Wagga Wagga are accessible. Nangus is approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) due west of Gundagai in the Riverina area of Australia and in Gundagai Council. At the 2011 census, Nangus and the surrounding area had a population of 420. The nearby Nangus Station and Yabtree Station are heritage listed.

Nangus Post Office opened on 1 July 1897.

Nangus has a post office, Anglican church, general store, with an off-site liquor licence, public school, public hall, fire station, petrol station, tennis courts, and hockey fields amongst some of its services and attractions.

Junee
Junee (/dʒuːˈniː/) is a medium-sized town in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. The town's prosperity and mixed services economy is based on a combination of agriculture, rail transport, light industry and government services, and in particular correctional services. In 2021 Junee's urban population was 4,882.
French conquest of Morocco
The French conquest of Morocco began with the French Republic occupying the city of Oujda on 29 March 1907. The French launched campaigns against the Sultanate of Morocco which culminated in the signing of the Treaty of Fes and establishment of the French Protectorate in Morocco on 30 March 1912. France later concluded, on 27 November, the Treaty of Madrid with the Kingdom of Spain which established the Spanish protectorate in Morocco. The French still conducted a series of military operations to pacify rebellions in Morocco until 1934.

Entente Cordiale
The Entente Cordiale (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃tɑ̃t kɔʁdjal]; lit. 'Cordial Agreement') comprised a series of agreements signed on 8 April 1904 between the United Kingdom and France which saw a significant improvement in Anglo-French relations.
Henline Mountain
Henline Mountain is a mountain located in the Opal Creek Wilderness in the Willamette National Forest. The mountain lies about 10 miles northeast of the town of Mill City. Henline Mountain stands 4,644 ft above sea level (1,415 m). The name of the mountain comes from a 19th-century settler. The mountain is most well known for the hike up the mountain which has views of Mt. Jefferson. Henline Mountain shares its name with nearby Henline Falls.

Opal Creek Wilderness
The Opal Creek Wilderness is a wilderness area located in the Willamette National Forest in the U.S. state of Oregon, on the border of the Mount Hood National Forest.  It has the largest uncut watershed in Oregon.

Opal Creek and nearby Opal Lake were named for Opal Elliott, wife of early Forest Service ranger Roy Elliott.
Semisulcospira gredleri
Semisulcospira gredleri is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Semisulcospiridae.

The specific name gredleri is in honor of Vinzenz Maria Gredler.

Semisulcospiridae
Semisulcospiridae, common name semisulcospirids, is a family of freshwater snails, aquatic gilled gastropod mollusks with an operculum, in the superfamily Cerithioidea.

Semisulcospiridae diversified from the Pleuroceridae about 90 million years ago, in the Cretaceous.
Fundi (politics)
Fundis is short for fundamentalists. The term was used for a faction within the German Green Party. The faction was formed in conflict to the Realo-faction within their party. The term has also been applied to similar conflicts.

Realpolitik
Realpolitik (/reɪˈɑːlpɒlɪˌtiːk/ ray-AHL-po-lih-teek German: [ʁeˈaːlpoliˌtiːk] ⓘ) is the approach of conducting diplomatic or political policies based primarily on considerations of given circumstances and factors, rather than strictly following ideological, moral, or ethical premises. In this respect, it shares aspects of its philosophical approach with those of realism and pragmatism.

While generally used as a positive or neutral term, Realpolitik has been used pejoratively to imply policies that are perceived as being coercive, amoral, or Machiavellian. Prominent proponents of Realpolitik include Otto von Bismarck, Henry Kissinger, George H. W. Bush, George F. Kennan, Zbigniew Brzezinski, Hans-Dietrich Genscher, Deng Xiaoping, Charles de Gaulle, and Lee Kuan Yew. Realpolitik is often contrasted with Idealpolitik, which is guided by moral principles or ideals, and Gefühlspolitik, which is driven by and appeals to emotion or popular sentiment.
Philotheos (Coptic patriarch of Alexandria)
Pope Philotheos of Alexandria, was the 63rd Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark.

It was during his office that a conflict between Alexandria and the King of Axum that began in the time of Cosmas III ended, helped by the efforts of Georgios II of Makuria. Due to Georgios' successful diplomacy, Philotheos ordained a new abuna or metropolitan bishop, Abuna Daniel, for the Ethiopian Orthodox Church after an interregnum of many years.

Pope Cosmas III of Alexandria
Pope Cosmas III of Alexandria was the 58th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark from 920 to 932.

According to the History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria, after Abuna Peter of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church had become embroiled in a civil war and was forced into exile, and the Emperor of Ethiopia requested a new Abuna to replace him, Cosmas III refused to ordain a new Abuna because Peter was still alive. This led to strained relations between the two powers.
Chris Montgomery
Christopher "Monty" Montgomery (born June 6, 1972) is an American programmer and engineer. He is the original creator of the Ogg Free Software container format and the Vorbis audio codec and others, and the founder of The Xiph.Org Foundation, which promotes public domain multimedia codecs. He uses xiphmont as an online pseudonym.

He holds a B.S. in electrical engineering and computer science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a M.Eng. degree in computer engineering from the Tokyo Institute of Technology.

A multimedia programmer, free software advocate and musician, Monty resides in the Boston area. He previously worked for Red Hat on improving the quality of the Ogg Theora format and decoders. In October 2013, he announced his almost immediate switch to Mozilla. Work on Daala will be an important part of his work there.

Montgomery was the evening keynote at the Ohio LinuxFest in September 2010.

Theora
Theora is a free lossy video compression format. It was developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation and distributed without licensing fees alongside their other free and open media projects, including the Vorbis audio format and the Ogg container.

The libtheora video codec is the reference implementation of the Theora video compression format developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation.

Theora was derived from the formerly proprietary VP3 codec, released into the public domain by On2 Technologies. It is broadly comparable in design and bitrate efficiency to MPEG-4 Part 2, early versions of Windows Media Video, and RealVideo while it lacked some of the features present in some of these other codecs. It is comparable in open standards philosophy to the BBC's Dirac codec.

Theora was named after Theora Jones, Edison Carter's Controller on the Max Headroom television program.
Jiránek
Jiránek (feminine Jiránková) is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonín Jiránek (c. 1712–1761), Czech violinist and composer

František Jiránek (1698–1778), Czech Baroque composer

Martin Jiranek (born 1969), Canadian ice hockey player

Martin Jiránek (born 1979), Czech footballer

Miloš Jiránek (1875–1911), Czech painter

Vladimír Jiránek (1938–2012), Czech illustrator

Czech name
Czech names are composed of a given name and a family name (surname). Czechs typically get one given name – additional names may be chosen by themselves upon baptism but they generally use one. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname.
Camden Confederate Monument
The Camden Confederate Monument, also known as the Confederate Women's Memorial, is located on the grounds of the Ouachita County Courthouse in Camden, Arkansas.  The sculpture, carved out of Italian marble, depicts a woman dressed in the period of the American Civil War, standing with her feet together, clutching a flagpole.  The sculpture is mounted on a block of North Carolina granite, next to a tall (28-foot (8.5 m)) obelisk.  The statue is 5 feet (1.5 m) tall.  The obelisk is inscribed on three sides, recognizing the valor of women in the Confederate cause, and the organizations that funded the memorial's construction. The memorial was erected in 1914 by the local chapters of the United Confederate Veterans and the United Daughters of the Confederacy.

The monument was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

United Confederate Veterans
The United Confederate Veterans (UCV, or simply Confederate Veterans) was an American Civil War veterans' organization headquartered in New Orleans, Louisiana. It was organized on June 10, 1889, by ex-soldiers and sailors of the Confederate States of America as a merger between the Louisiana Division of the Veteran Confederate States Cavalry Association; N. B. Forrest Camp of Chattanooga, Tennessee; Tennessee Division of the Veteran Confederate States Cavalry Association; Tennessee Division of Association of Confederate Soldiers; Benevolent Association of Confederate Veterans of Shreveport, Louisiana; Confederate Association of Iberville Parish, Louisiana; Eighteenth Louisiana; Adams County (Mississippi) Veterans' Association; Louisiana Division of the Army of Tennessee; and Louisiana Division of the Army of Northern Virginia.

The U.S. equivalent of the UCV was the Grand Army of the Republic.
Salmonby
Salmonby is a village in the civil parish of Tetford, in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated 5.5 miles (8.9 km) north-east from Horncastle, 10 miles (16 km) south from Louth and 8 miles (13 km) north-west from Spilsby. Salmonby lies within the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Tetford lies to the north-east and Somersby to the south.

The parish covered about 1,000 acres (4.0 km2), and contains a chalybeate spring, whose waters eventually join the Steeping River near Spilsby.

Horncastle
Horncastle is a market town and civil parish in the East Lindsey district in Lincolnshire, England. It is 17 miles (27 km) east of Lincoln. Its population was 6,815 at the 2011 census, growing to an estimated 7,123 in 2019 and recorded as 7,291 in the 2021 census. A section of the ancient Roman walls remains.
2024 Czech Hockey Games
The 2024 Betano Hockey Games was played between 2 and 5 May 2024. The Czech Republic, Finland, Sweden and Switzerland played a round-robin for a total of three games per team and six games in total. Five of the games were played in Brno, Czech Republic and one game in Kloten, Switzerland. The tournament was won by Finland. The tournament was part of the 2023–24 Euro Hockey Tour.

Czech Hockey Games
The Czech Hockey Games, also sponsored as Betano Hockey Games, is an annual ice hockey event held in Czech Republic. It is part of the Euro Hockey Tour. It was previously sponsored as the Pragobanka Cup, Česká Pojišťovna Cup, KAJOTbet Hockey Games, and Carlson Hockey Games.
Richard Burton (comics)
Richard Burton is a British comic publisher and editor who had a lengthy career at IPC Magazines. While an assistant editor at 2000 AD, he became known to readers as Tharg the Mighty's bumbling assistant Burt, who appeared in a number of strips with him. (Burton was later top editor at 2000 AD.) Earlier in his career, Burton published the popular fanzine Comic Media News, and was a co-founder of the Eagle Awards.

Judge Dredd
Judge Joseph Dredd is a fictional character created by writer John Wagner and artist Carlos Ezquerra. He first appeared in the second issue of the British weekly anthology comic 2000 AD (1977). He is the magazine's longest-running character, and in 1990 he got his own title, the Judge Dredd Megazine. He also appears in a number of film and video game adaptations.

Judge Dredd is a law enforcement and judicial officer in the dystopian future city of Mega-City One, which covers most of the east coast of North America. He is a "street judge", empowered to summarily arrest, convict, sentence, and execute criminals. Judge Dredd stories often satirise American and British culture, with a focus on authoritarianism and police brutality.

Judge Dredd made his live-action debut in 1995 in Judge Dredd, portrayed by Sylvester Stallone. Later, he was portrayed by Karl Urban in the 2012 adaptation Dredd. In audio dramas by Big Finish Productions, Dredd is voiced by Toby Longworth.