hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abdelmajid Chetali
Abdelmajid Al-Chetali (Arabic: عبد المجيد الشتالي; born 4 July 1939) is a Tunisian football coach and former player who played 70 games with the national team and scored four goals. He also participated in the 1960 Summer Olympics.

He is considered one of the characters who shaped and prolonged the legend of the Étoile Sportive du Sahel (nicknamed Majda). He received only one yellow card during his career.

As a manager, he led them in their first ever World Cup appearance in 1978, where Tunisia became the first African team to win a World Cup match, beating Mexico 3–1, and making FIFA increase the number of World Cup slots in the African continent from one to two. During his managerial career, he was in charge of two national teams: the Tunisian and Bahraini national football teams. He also managed his home club Étoile du Sahel and achieved good results with it.

9th Arabian Gulf Cup
The 9th Arabian Gulf Cup (Arabic: كأس الخليج العربي) was the 9th edition of this tournament. It was held from 2 to 18 March 1988, in Saudi Arabia. It was the second time after 1972 that Saudi Arabia hosted this regional football tournament. The tournament was won by Iraq. It was the third title for Iraq after having won the tournament 1979 in Baghdad and 1984 in Muscat.

All games were played at the newly built King Fahd International Stadium in Riyadh. The stadium was built to host the 1988 Gulf Cup and the FIFA World Youth Championship one year later.

Having scored four goals each, Ahmed Radhi from Iraq and Zuhair Bakhit from the UAE shared the top-scorer award. Habib Jaafar (Iraq) was voted as best player, Oman's goalkeeper Yousif Obaid won the best-goalkeeper-award.

Oman achieved their first victory in the Gulf Cup tournament after beating Qatar 2–1. Before so, the Oman had failed to win a single match in the 14 years prior.
Kanniammanpettai
Kanniammanpettai (Tamil: கண்ணியம்மன்பேட்டை), is an industrial/residential area in Manali, North of Chennai, a metropolitan city in Tamil Nadu, India. In October 2011, the erstwhile Kadapakkam village panchayat is merged with Greater Chennai Corporation and it came under the jurisdiction of Greater Chennai Corporation. Though Kanniammanpettai is annexed with Greater Chennai Corporation it is remained as a part of Tiruvottiyur taluk in Tiruvallur district till 15 August 2018.

Greater Chennai Corporation
Greater Chennai Corporation (GCC)  is a local government for the City of Chennai in the Chennai Metropolitan Area of Tamil Nadu, India. Inaugurated on 29 September 1688, under a royal charter issued by King James II of England on 30 December 1687 as the Corporation of Madras, it is the oldest municipal body of the Commonwealth of Nations outside Great Britain. It is the largest municipal corporation in Tamil Nadu with an area of 426 km2. It is headed by a mayor, who presides over 200 councillors, each of whom represents one of the 200 wards of the city. It is the second oldest corporation in the world after the City of London. The city limits, which had been expanded several times over the years, is currently coterminous with the Chennai district. It is one of the four municipal corporations located within the Chennai Metropolitan Area, the other three being the Tambaram Corporation, Avadi City Municipal Corporation and Kanchipuram Municipal Corporation.
Old measures
Old measures, or simply measures, were a group of dances performed at ceremonial and festive occasions in Early Modern Britain. Some of the dances included in the measures were the pavane and the almain, and dances such as the galliard and the courante are also mentioned as accompanying or following the traditional measures.

The measures are associated with the Inns of Court, the English law schools, as most of the extant sources have been found among the papers of lawyers and law students at the Inns. They are also mentioned in Shakespeare plays such as As You Like It (Act V, scene 4), Richard II (Act III, scene 4), Richard III (Act I, scene 1) and Much Ado About Nothing (Act II, Scene 1).

One must be wary when one encounters 16th- and 17th-century references to measure or measures, as a measure could refer to a bar, or generically to dancing, as well as to this specific group of dances.

Galliard
The galliard (/ˈɡæljərd/; French: gaillarde; Italian: gagliarda) was a form of Renaissance dance and music popular all over Europe in the 16th century. It is mentioned in dance manuals from England, Portugal, France, Spain, Germany, and Italy.
September 1939
World War II was the biggest and deadliest war in history, involving more than 30 countries. Sparked by the 1939 German invasion of Poland, the war dragged on for six bloody years until the Allies defeated the Axis powers of Germany, Japan and Italy in 1945. The principal belligerents were the Axis powers—Germany, Italy, and Japan—and the Allies—China, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union (Russia), and France.

The following events occurred in September 1939:

Battle of Przemyśl (1939)
The Battle of Przemyśl took place between 11 and 14 September 1939, during the German Invasion of Poland. The Polish Army garrison of the former Austrian fortress of Przemyśl (see Przemyśl Fortress) managed to halt the advance of the Wehrmacht for three days. The city surrendered on 14 September.
Old Bathurst Hospital
The Old Bathurst Hospital is a heritage-listed hospital building at Howick Street, Bathurst, Bathurst Region, New South Wales, Australia. Formerly the main building of the Bathurst Hospital, it was conserved and restored when a new hospital was built on the same site in 2006–2008, and is now used as consulting suites and an education centre for the new hospital. The building was designed by William Boles and built from 1880 to 1886 by J Willet. It was also known as Bathurst District Hospital or Bathurst Base Hospital before the redevelopment. The property is owned by the NSW Department of Health. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Bathurst Regional Council
Bathurst Regional Council is a local government area in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia.  The area is located adjacent to the Great Western Highway, Mid-Western Highway, Mitchell Highway and the Main Western railway line. At the 2021 census, the Bathurst Region had a population of 43,567.

The administrative centre of the area is located in the city of Bathurst, approximately 200 kilometres (120 mi) west of Sydney.

The mayor of Bathurst is Cr. Robert 'Stumpy' Taylor, Deputy Mayor being Cr. Benjamin Fry, both unaligned politicians.
Hiram Norton
Hiram Norton (c. 1799 – 1875) was a merchant and political figure in Upper Canada.

He was born in Vermont around 1799 and settled in Prescott, Ontario. In 1833, he became a justice of the peace in the Johnstown District. He represented Grenville in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada from 1831 to 1838 as a Reformer. During the 1830s, he operated a stage coach between Montreal and Toronto with Barnabas Dickinson, the father of Moss Kent Dickinson. At the time of the Upper Canada Rebellion, he left Upper Canada and settled in Lockport, Illinois. Norton became an important industrialist, operating a water-powered flour mill drawing power from the Illinois and Michigan Canal. He died in Lockport in 1875.

Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada
The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada was the elected part of the legislature for the province of Upper Canada, functioning as the lower house in the Parliament of Upper Canada.  Its legislative power was subject to veto by the appointed Lieutenant Governor, Executive Council, and Legislative Council.

The first elections in Upper Canada, in which only land-owning males were permitted to vote, were held in August 1792.

The first session of the Assembly's sixteen members was held in Newark, Upper Canada (today's Niagara-on-the-Lake) on 17 September 1792. The Assembly was dissolved in 1796 and reconvened for twelve more sessions between 1797 and 1840 in modest buildings in York, the new capital of Upper Canada. Members continued to be elected by land-owning males to represent counties and the larger towns.

During the War of 1812, U.S. troops won the Battle of York and burned down the government buildings.
RX Leporis
RX Leporis (RX Lep) is a star in the constellation of Lepus. It is a red giant and is a semi-regular pulsating star.

It has an apparent magnitude that varies from about 5 to 7.4. At its brightest it is dimly visible to the naked eye, and at its dimmest can be located with binoculars. In the sky it is about 4 degrees south of Rigel and is located next to Iota Leporis.

Semiregular variable star
In astronomy, a semiregular variable star, a type of variable star, is a giant or supergiant of intermediate and late (cooler) spectral type. It shows considerable periodicity in its light changes, accompanied or sometimes interrupted by various irregularities. Periods lie in the range from 20 to more than 2000 days, while the shapes of the light curves may be rather different and variable with each cycle.  The amplitudes may be from several hundredths to several magnitudes (usually 1-2 magnitudes in the V filter).
Sport in New Zealand
Sport in New Zealand largely reflects the nation's colonial heritage, with some of the most popular sports being rugby union, rugby league, cricket, association football, Australian rules football, basketball, horse racing and netball, which are primarily played in Commonwealth countries. New Zealand has enjoyed success in many sports, notably rugby union (considered the national sport), rugby league, cricket, America's Cup sailing, world championship and Olympics events, and motorsport. Rugby union is the most popular sport in New Zealand.

Other popular sports include squash, golf, hockey, tennis, cycling, and tramping, baseball and a variety of water sports, particularly sailing, rowing, and surf sports. Winter sports such as skiing and snowboarding are also popular, as are indoor and outdoor bowls.

2000 ICC KnockOut Trophy
The 2000 ICC KnockOut Trophy was the second edition of the One Day International cricket tournament. Later renamed as ICC Champions Trophy, it was held in Kenya (which helped to increase the popularity of cricket in Kenya). New Zealand were crowned champions and cashed the winner's cheque of US$250,000 with defeating India in the finals. It was their first win in a major ICC tournament. Zaheer Khan, Yuvraj Singh and Marlon Samuels made their ODI debuts during the competition.

All the test playing nations participated in the tournament along with the leading Associates Bangladesh and hosts Kenya. As there were 11 teams taking part, three would miss out on a spot in the quarter-finals. Therefore, a playoff stage took place between six of the lowest ranked teams.
My Teenage Dream Ended
My Teenage Dream Ended is the title of both the debut autobiographical book and the accompanying album by American reality television personality, singer, and writer Farrah Abraham. The album was released on August 1, 2012, and the book was published 13 days later.

The book was commercially successful, landing on number 11 at the New York Times Best Seller list. The album was met with strongly negative response from general audiences, as well as both bewilderment and acclaim from contemporary music critics, who considered it to be a bizarre example of outsider art. It was placed on year-end lists from The Guardian and Tiny Mix Tapes, who also placed it at number 46 on their list of favorite releases of the decade.

Auto-Tune
Auto-Tune is audio processor software released on September 19, 1997, by the American company Antares Audio Technologies. It uses a proprietary device to measure and correct pitch in music. It operates on different principles from the vocoder or talk box and produces different results. Auto-Tune can be used in both post-production music mixing and in real-time live performances.

Auto-Tune was initially intended to disguise or correct off-key inaccuracies, allowing vocal tracks to be perfectly tuned. Cher's 1998 song "Believe" popularized the use of Auto-Tune to deliberately distort vocals, a technique that became known as the "Cher effect". It has since been used by many artists in different genres, including Daft Punk, Radiohead, T-Pain and Kanye West. In 2018, the music critic Simon Reynolds felt that Auto-Tune had "revolutionized popular music", calling its use for effects "the fad that just wouldn't fade. Its use is now more entrenched than ever."
Jacques Drèze
Jacques H. Drèze (5 August 1929 – 25 September 2022) was a Belgian economist noted for his contributions to economic theory, econometrics, and economic policy as well as for his leadership in the economics profession. Drèze was the first president of the European Economic Association in 1986 and was the president of the Econometric Society in 1970.

Jacques Drèze was also the father of five sons. One son is the economist, Jean Drèze, who is known for his work on poverty and hunger in India (some of which has been in collaboration with Amartya K. Sen); another son, Xavier Drèze, was a professor of marketing at UCLA.

Estimation theory
Estimation theory is a branch of statistics that deals with estimating the values of parameters based on measured empirical data that has a random component.  The parameters describe an underlying physical setting in such a way that their value affects the distribution of the measured data. An estimator attempts to approximate the unknown parameters using the measurements.
In estimation theory, two approaches are generally considered:

The probabilistic approach (described in this article) assumes that the measured data is random with a probability distribution dependent on the parameters of interest

The set-membership approach assumes that the measured data vector belongs to a set which depends on the parameter vector.
Horbach, Bad Kreuznach
Horbach (German pronunciation: [ˈhɔʁbax]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Kirner Land, whose seat is in the town of Kirn. Horbach is a state-recognized tourism community, and also the district's second smallest municipality by population, after Heinzenberg.

Heinzenberg
Heinzenberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Kirner Land, whose seat is in the town of Kirn. With only 28 permanent inhabitants, Heinzenberg is the district's smallest municipality.
2012–13 Kent State Golden Flashes men's basketball team
The 2012–13 Kent State Golden Flashes men's basketball team represented Kent State University during the 2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Golden Flashes, led by second year head coach Rob Senderoff, played their home games at the Memorial Athletic and Convocation Center and were members of the East Division of the Mid-American Conference. They finished the season 21–14, 9–7 in MAC play to finish third place in the East Division. They advanced to the semifinals of the MAC tournament where they lost to Akron. They were invited to the 2013 CIT where they defeated Fairfield in the first round before losing in the second round to Loyola (MD).

2013 MAC men's basketball tournament
The 2013 Mid-American Conference men's basketball tournament was the post-season men's basketball tournament for the Mid-American Conference (MAC) 2012–13 college basketball season. The 2013 tournament was held between March 11–16, 2013. Akron, as the winner of the tournament received the MAC's automatic bid into the 2013 NCAA tournament.
Tongue training
Tongue training is a technique used to encourage proper tongue motion. Tongue training is used to treat individuals suffering from Ankyloglossia (the "tongue tied" medical condition) and other tongue dysfunctions. It is important for individuals suffering from orofacial myological disorders. Tongue training is a method used to teach the correct accent of any language.

Brazil is the only country to have legislated a state law requiring a tongue evaluation to be performed for each newborn as a screening test (“teste da linguine” under Law 13.002 / 2014).

Frenectomy
A frenectomy  is the removal of a frenulum, a small fold of tissue that prevents an organ in the body from moving too far. It can refer to frenula in several places on the human body. It is related to frenuloplasty, a surgical alteration in a frenulum. In the mouth, frenectomies are usually performed for periodontal or orthodontic reasons. In the oral cavity, a frenectomy performed to the frenum of the lip is called a labial frenectomy, under the tongue is called a lingual frenectomy. Frenectomies are performed on infants, children, and adults. A similar procedure is a frenulotomy, where the frenum is released but not completely excised (removed).
Esquimalt Lagoon Migratory Bird Sanctuary
Esquimalt Lagoon Migratory Bird Sanctuary is a migratory bird sanctuary near Esquimalt Harbour in Colwood, British Columbia. The Esquimalt Lagoon is found on the traditional territories of the Esquimalt and Songhees Nations. The park was established in 1931 with the objective of creating a safe haven for migratory birds, and has become a popular place for birdwatching. Many other species can be found within the park, such as coho salmon and cutthroat trout. Pacific herring also spawn in nearby waters.

Esquimalt First Nation
Esquimalt First Nation (Straits Salish: Xʷsepsəm), is one of two First Nation band governments of the Lekwungen peoples, the other being Songhees First Nation. Historically, their village was located closer to Victoria proper, but today their main reserve is on the north shore of Esquimalt Harbour adjacent to View Royal. They are a member nation of the First Nations of South Island Tribal Council, and were signatories to the Douglas Treaties.
Lysogen
A lysogen or lysogenic bacteria is a bacterial cell that can produce and transfer the ability to produce a phage. A prophage is either integrated into the host bacteria's chromosome or more rarely exists as a stable plasmid within the host cell. The prophage expresses gene(s) that repress the phage's lytic action, until this repression is disrupted (see lytic cycle). Currently a variety of studies are being conducted to see whether other genes are active during lysogeny, examples of which include phage-encoded tRNA and virulence genes.

Lytic cycle
The lytic cycle (/ˈlɪtɪk/ LIT-ik) is one of the two cycles of viral reproduction (referring to bacterial viruses or bacteriophages), the other being the lysogenic cycle. The lytic cycle results in the destruction of the infected cell and its membrane. Bacteriophages that can only go through the lytic cycle are called virulent phages (in contrast to temperate phages).

In the lytic cycle, the viral DNA exists as a separate free floating molecule within the bacterial cell, and replicates separately from the host bacterial DNA, whereas in the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA is integrated into the host genome. This is the key difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycles. However, in both cases the virus/phage replicates using the host DNA machinery.
Siege of Namur
The siege of Namur can refer to a number of sieges of the city of Namur in Belgium:

Siege of Namur (1577) - John of Austria takes the citadel by surprise

Siege of Namur (1692) by the French (under Louis XIV and Vauban)

Siege of Namur (1695) by the Allies (Dutch, English, and Brandenburgers)

Siege of Namur (1746) by the French, during the War of the Austrian Succession

Siege of Namur (1792) by the French, during the War of the First Coalition

Siege of Namur (1914) by the Germans, during World War I

Siege of Namur (1746)
The siege of Namur took place between 6 and 30 September 1746, during the War of the Austrian Succession. A French army under the command of Marshal Maurice de Saxe took Namur from its Dutch garrison after a three-week siege.
Brian Roberts (basketball)
Brian Lloyd Roberts (born December 3, 1985) is an American former professional basketball player whom played five seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA), among other leagues. He played college basketball for the Dayton Flyers. At a height of 6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) tall, he played the point guard position.

NBA Summer League
The NBA Summer League is a series of off-season basketball competitions in which National Basketball Association (NBA) teams come together to try out different summer rosters instead of their regular season lineups, including rookie, sophomore and G League affiliate players. The primary competition that most teams participate in, the Las Vegas NBA Summer League, has been held in the Las Vegas area since 2004. In addition, the California Classic has been hosted by the Golden State Warriors or the Sacramento Kings since 2018, and the Utah Jazz has hosted the Salt Lake City Summer League (known as the Utah Jazz Summer League from 2015 to 2019) since 2015. Previously, the Orlando Magic hosted the Orlando Pro Summer League from 2002 to 2017. All those leagues are sometimes referred to as NBA Summer League when also mentioned with its host location.
Phoenix Peak (Alaska)
Phoenix Peak is a 5,187-foot (1,581 m) mountain summit located in the Kenai Mountains, on the Kenai Peninsula, in the U.S. state of Alaska. The peak is situated in Kenai Fjords National Park, 2 mi (3 km) southwest of Mount Benson, 1.1 mi (2 km) northwest of Marathon Mountain, and 3.5 mi (6 km) west of Seward, Alaska. Precipitation runoff from the mountain and meltwater from its glaciers drains into tributaries of the Resurrection River. The first ascent of the peak was made July 23, 1964, by Don Stockard of the Mountaineering Club of Alaska. The peak was named in 1965 by the Mountaineering Club of Alaska for the first ship ever built in Russian America, the Phoenix, which was constructed in 1794 by Russians in nearby Resurrection Bay. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted in 1966 by the United States Geological Survey.

Seward, Alaska
Seward (Alutiiq: Qutalleq; Dena'ina: Tl'ubugh) is an incorporated home rule city in Alaska, United States. Located on Resurrection Bay, a fjord of the Gulf of Alaska on the Kenai Peninsula, Seward is situated on Alaska's southern coast, approximately 120 miles (190 km) by road from Alaska's largest city, Anchorage.

With a population of 2,717 people as of the 2020 census, Seward is the fourth-largest city in the Kenai Peninsula Borough, behind Kenai, Homer, and the borough seat of Soldotna. The city is named for former United States Secretary of State William H. Seward, who orchestrated the United States' purchase of Alaska from the Russian Empire in 1867 while serving in this position as part of President Andrew Johnson's administration.

Seward is the southern terminus of the Alaska Railroad and the historic starting point of the original Iditarod Trail to Interior Alaska, with Mile 0 of the trail marked on the shoreline at the southern end of town.
Ellen Eagle
Ellen Eagle is an American artist, best known for her figure drawings and portraits in pastel. At an intimate scale, Eagle's subjects are friends, fellow artists, and professional models drawn from life in natural light. Her work is characterized by restraint of color, self-containment, and the depiction of her subjects' emotional states. She is known for her reflective self-portraits, which can at times appear whimsical, are a study in the trials and tribulations of the life of an artist.

National Academy of Design
The National Academy of Design is an honorary association of American artists, founded in New York City in 1825 by Samuel Morse, Asher Durand, Thomas Cole, Frederick Styles Agate, Martin E. Thompson, Charles Cushing Wright, Ithiel Town, and others "to promote the fine arts in America through instruction and exhibition." Membership is limited to 450 American artists and architects, who are elected by their peers on the basis of recognized excellence.