hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Curing (chemistry)
Curing is a chemical process employed in polymer chemistry and process engineering that produces the toughening or hardening of a polymer material by cross-linking of polymer chains.  Even if it is strongly associated with the production of thermosetting polymers, the term "curing" can be used for all the processes where a solid product is obtained from a liquid solution, such as with PVC plastisols.

Polymer chemistry
Polymer chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that focuses on the structures, chemical synthesis, and chemical and physical properties of polymers and macromolecules. The principles and methods used within polymer chemistry are also applicable through a wide range of other chemistry sub-disciplines like organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and physical chemistry. Many materials have polymeric structures, from fully inorganic metals and ceramics to DNA and other biological molecules. However, polymer chemistry is typically related to synthetic and organic compositions. Synthetic polymers are ubiquitous in commercial materials and products in everyday use, such as plastics, and rubbers, and are major components of composite materials. Polymer chemistry can also be included in the broader fields of polymer science or even nanotechnology, both of which can be described as encompassing polymer physics and polymer engineering.
Pershore Town F.C.
Pershore Town Football Club (generally known simply as Pershore Town) are an English association football club based in Pershore, Worcestershire, England, and are members of the Hellenic League Premier Division.

2022–23 Hellenic Football League
The 2022–23 Hellenic Football League season was the 70th in the history of the Hellenic Football League, a football competition in England. The league operates two divisions, the Premier Division at Step 5 and Division One at Step 6.

The allocations for Steps 5 and 6 this season were announced by The Football Association on 12 May 2022.
Mōri Tsunemitsu
Mōri Tsunemitsu (毛利 経光, ? – ?) was a samurai during the Kamakura period and a gokenin of the Kamakura shogunate. He was the fourth son of Mōri Suemitsu, the founder of the Mōri clan.

After his father committed seppuku from his defeat in battle, Tsunemitsu survived. He was allowed to retain the family's position of jitō of the estates of Sahashi in Echigo and Yoshida in Aki, the combined value of which, as recorded in the fourteenth century, was 3,000 kanmon per year.

Mōri Suemitsu
Mōri Suemitsu (毛利 季光, 1202 – July 8, 1247) was a samurai during the Kamakura period and a gokenin of the Kamakura shogunate. He was the fourth son of Ōe no Hiromoto. He was the founder of the Mōri clan.

He served three generations of the army of Minamoto no Sanetomo at Tsurugaoka Hachimangū. He took the name Mōri after the name of his estate in Sagami Province. He fought in the Jōkyū War in 1221. His wife was a daughter of Miura Yasumura and he fought with the Miura clan against the Hōjō clan.

In 1223 he became an official surveyor for the Kamakura shogunate. He was defeated by Hōjō Tokiyori in 1247 and committed suicide (seppuku) at Minamoto no Yoritomo's shrine (hokkedō) along with his Miura allies.

His grave (yagura) is in Kamakura, only a few hundred yards from the grave of Minamoto no Yoritomo along with his father and Shimazu Tadahisa, who founded the Shimazu clan. The Miura clan's family tomb is also nearby.
Kuşadası Clock Tower
Kuşadası Clock Tower is a clock tower located in Kuşadası district of Aydın province. The tower, built in 1996, was designed with a four-storey square plan and was completed with a circular clock dial and a pyramidal roof.

Kuşadası
Kuşadası (Turkish: [ˈkuʃadasɯ]) is a municipality and district of Aydın Province, Turkey. Its area is 265 km2, and its population is 130,835 (2022). It is a large resort town on the Aegean coast. Kuşadası is 95 km (59 mi) south of İzmir, and about 60 km (37 mi) west of Aydın. The municipality's primary industry is tourism. The mayor of the district is Ömer Günel.
1998 DieHard 500
The 1998 DieHard 500 was the ninth stock car race of the 1998 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 29th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, April 26, 1998, in Lincoln, Alabama at Talladega Superspeedway, a 2.66 miles (4.28 km) permanent triangle-shaped superspeedway. The race took the scheduled 188 laps to complete. In the final laps of the race, Joe Gibbs Racing driver Bobby Labonte would make a pass on Terry Labonte with two to go and fend off the field to take his seventh career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his second and final victory of the season. To fill out the podium, Travis Carter Enterprises driver Jimmy Spencer and Robert Yates Racing driver Dale Jarrett would finish second and third, respectively.

1998 NASCAR Winston Cup Series
The 1998 NASCAR Winston Cup Series was the 50th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 27th modern-era cup series. The season included 33 races and three exhibition races, beginning with the Daytona 500 at Daytona International Speedway and ending with the NAPA 500 at Atlanta Motor Speedway. Jeff Gordon won the Driver's Championship, the third of his career, and his third in the last four seasons.
The Boardwalk at Hersheypark
The Boardwalk at Hersheypark is a themed area located at Hersheypark in Hershey, Pennsylvania. The Boardwalk at Hersheypark opened in 2007 to mark the 100th anniversary of the theme park opened by Milton S. Hershey in 1907. It originally featured five water‐based attractions and is the single biggest financial investment in the park's history, at a cost of $21 million USD.

Milton S. Hershey
Milton Snavely Hershey (September 13, 1857 – October 13, 1945) was an American chocolatier, businessman, and philanthropist.

Trained in the confectionery business, Hershey pioneered the manufacture of caramel, using fresh milk. He launched the Lancaster Caramel Company, which achieved bulk exports, and then sold it to start a new company supplying mass-produced milk chocolate, previously a luxury good.

The first Hershey bars were sold in 1900 and proved so popular that he was able to build his own company town of Hershey, Pennsylvania. Hershey's philanthropy extended to a boarding school, originally for local orphans, but accommodating around 2,000 students as of 2016. In World War II, the company developed a special non-melting bar for troops serving overseas. The Hershey Company, known as Hershey's, is one of the world's biggest confectionery manufacturers.
Mark Ford (harness racing)
Mark Ford (born October 12, 1970, in Ronceverte, West Virginia) is a trainer of Standardbred horses in the sport of harness racing. He is best known as the trainer of Gallo Blue Chip, 2000 Harness Horse of the Year and the then richest pacer of all time. That year, Mark Ford was voted the Dan Patch Trainer of the Year Award along with co-winner Jimmy Takter. Mark Ford also trained Shadow Play in his major United States races for his Canadian trainer and co-owner Dr. Ian Moore. Ford won the 2008 Adios Pace at Pocono Downs.

In 2016, Mark Ford was elected President of the Standardbred Owners Association of New Jersey (SBOANJ).

Dan Patch Trainer of the Year Award
The Dan Patch Trainer of the Year Award is an annual award created in 1985 by members of the United States Harness Writers Association (USHWA). The Association's website states that their members' determination is aided by input from the American Harness Racing Secretaries plus logistic expertise provided by the United States Trotting Association.

The award winner receives the Glen Garnsey Trophy, named in honor of the Hall of Fame trainer who died at the zenith of his career at age 52 in 1985 as the result of an automobile accident.

There are several categories of USHWA Dan Patch Award named for the legendary pacer Dan Patch (1896-1916).

Past winners:
Edmund de Unger
Edmund Robert Anthony de Unger (Hungarian: Ödön Antal Robert de Unger, 6 August 1918, Budapest – 25 January 2011, Ham, London, UK) was a Hungarian-born property developer and art collector. In London he built up the Keir Collection, one of the greatest post-war collections of Islamic art,  bequeathed in 2008 to the Pergamon Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin. The arrangement for the museum to curate the collection came to an end in July 2012. The collection is now hosted by the Dallas Museum of Art as of May 2014 for a 15-year renewable loan.

Aquamanile
In modern usage, an aquamanile (plural aquamanilia or simply aquamaniles) is a ewer or jug-type vessel in the form of one or more animal or human figures.  It usually contained water for the washing of hands (aqua + manos) over a basin, which was part of both upper-class meals and the Christian Eucharist. Historically (since the 6th century) the term was used for a basin used for priest's ablutions. The water was supplied by a subdeacon, and aquamanile was a symbol of subdeaconate. The term was later transferred onto secular ewers. Most surviving examples are in metal, typically copper alloys (brass or bronze), as pottery versions have rarely survived.
SS Themistocles (1907)
SS Themistocles was a Greek passenger steamship that was built in England in 1907 as Moraitis, renamed Themistocles in 1908, and scrapped in Italy in 1933. She was built to be a transatlantic ocean liner, but she served also as a troop ship.

Marconi Company
The Marconi Company was a British telecommunications and engineering company founded by Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi in 1897 which was a pioneer of wireless long distance communication and mass media broadcasting, eventually becoming one of the UK's most successful manufacturing companies.

Its roots were in the Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company, which underwent several changes in name after mergers and acquisitions. In 1999, its defence equipment manufacturing division, Marconi Electronic Systems, merged with British Aerospace (BAe) to form BAE Systems. In 2006, financial difficulties led to the collapse of the remaining company, with the bulk of the business acquired by the Swedish telecommunications company Ericsson.
Revival FM
Revival FM was a British Christian-based community radio station and charity in Scotland, operating under a Community Radio Licence. It operated from 2006 and 2022 and closed amid embezzlement by its director, Andrew Polson.

Community radio in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, community radio refers to a system of licensing small, micro-local, non-profit radio stations, which started in 2002. In its early days, the pilot scheme was known as access radio. New legislation paved the way for this additional tier of radio, starting in 2005, and hundreds of community stations have since been set up. Unlike commercial radio licensing, which is generally advertised to cover a specific region, community radio stations are usually limited to broadcast areas smaller than commercial or BBC local stations, nominally within a 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) radius of their transmitter.
Swan band
Swan bands are a characteristic of the spectra of carbon stars, comets and of burning hydrocarbon fuels. They are named for the Scottish physicist William Swan, who first studied the spectral analysis of radical diatomic carbon (C2) in 1856.

Swan bands consist of several sequences of vibrational bands scattered throughout the visible spectrum.

Emission spectrum
The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to electrons making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state. The photon energy of the emitted photons is equal to the energy difference between the two states. There are many possible electron transitions for each atom, and each transition has a specific energy difference. This collection of different transitions, leading to different radiated wavelengths, make up an emission spectrum. Each element's emission spectrum is unique. Therefore, spectroscopy can be used to identify elements in matter of unknown composition. Similarly, the emission spectra of molecules can be used in chemical analysis of substances.
Iblomorpha
Iblomorpha is a small order of barnacles in the class Thecostraca. There are only two families and about eight described species in Iblomorpha. In this group we find barnacles that use calcium phosphate in their shell, and species that protect themselves against predators with poison.

Neoibla
Neoibla is a monospecific genus of barnacles in the family Iblidae. It contains a single species, Neoibla atlantica, which is also the type species, and was originally assigned to the genus Ibla.

It is placed in its own subfamily, Neoiblinae.
Redmain, Cumbria
Redmain is a small hamlet in the Isel Valley and parish of Blindcrake within the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. The hamlet lies on the south-facing slopes above the River Derwent, in an elevated position of 475 feet (145 m), giving panoramas across the Isel Valley and Lake District Fells. Nearby are the hamlets of Isel and Sunderland and the village of Blindcrake.

The hamlet is just under four miles north-east of Cockermouth, off the old Roman road to Carlisle (A595). It is 12 miles from Keswick and, along the A66, it is 29 miles from the M6 motorway at Penrith.

Isel, Cumbria
Isel is a dispersed settlement and area in the valley of the River Derwent within the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. It is an ecclesiastical parish within the civil parish of Blindcrake. Nearby are the hamlets of Setmurthy, Sunderland and Redmain, and the village of Blindcrake.

Isel is a rural community, with a church, a manorial Hall and several farms ranging from dairy to poultry, but lacking basic local facilities having no shop, public house or post office.  It is mentioned in the English folk song "Horn of the Hunter."

Isel Parish Church is dedicated to St Michael and the fabric is chiefly Norman. The church contains two pre-Norman carved stones, one of which is a fragment of a cross. Other buildings of interest are Isel Hall (with a pele tower), the ancient bridge of three arches (rebuilt in 1812) and the old vicarage.
The Dirty South (film)
The Dirty South is a 2023 crime thriller film starring Willa Holland, Shane West and Dermot Mulroney. It was written and directed by Matthew Yerby in his writing and directorial debut.

The film premiered at the Chelsea Film Festival on October 12, and was released theatrically by Cineverse and digitally on November 10, 2023.

Natchitoches, Louisiana
Natchitoches (/ˈnækətɪʃ/ ⓘ NAK-ə-tish; French: Les Natchitoches, [le nakitɔʃ]) is a city in and the parish seat of Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 18,039 at the 2020 census. Established in 1714 by Louis Juchereau de St. Denis as part of French Louisiana, the community was named after the indigenous Natchitoches people. The city was incorporated on February 5, 1819, and is the oldest permanent settlement in the land acquired by the Louisiana Purchase. Natchitoches is home to Northwestern State University of Louisiana. Its sister city is Nacogdoches, Texas.
Empirical Bayes method
Empirical Bayes methods are procedures for  statistical inference in which the prior probability distribution is estimated from the data.  This approach stands in contrast to standard Bayesian methods, for which the prior distribution is fixed before any data are observed.  Despite this difference in perspective, empirical Bayes may be viewed as an approximation to a fully Bayesian treatment of a hierarchical model wherein the parameters at the highest level of the hierarchy are set to their most likely values, instead of being integrated out.

Conjugate prior
In Bayesian probability theory, if, given a likelihood function ,  the posterior distribution  is in the same probability distribution family as the prior probability distribution , the prior and posterior are then called conjugate distributions with respect to that  likelihood function and the prior is called a conjugate prior for the likelihood function .

A conjugate prior is an algebraic convenience, giving a closed-form expression for the posterior; otherwise, numerical integration may be necessary. Further, conjugate priors may clarify how a likelihood function updates a prior distribution.

The concept, as well as the term "conjugate prior", were introduced by Howard Raiffa and Robert Schlaifer in their work on Bayesian decision theory. A similar concept had been discovered independently by George Alfred Barnard.
New Zealand Maritime Museum
The New Zealand Maritime Museum Hui Te Ananui a Tangaroa is a maritime museum in Auckland, New Zealand. It is located on Hobson Wharf, adjacent to the Viaduct Harbour in central Auckland. It houses exhibitions spanning New Zealand's maritime history, from the first Polynesian explorers and settlers to modern day triumphs at the America's Cup.

Waka (canoe)
Waka (Māori: [ˈwaka]) are Māori watercraft, usually canoes ranging in size from small, unornamented canoes (waka tīwai) used for fishing and river travel to large, decorated war canoes (waka taua) up to 40 metres (130 ft) long.

The earliest remains of a canoe in New Zealand were found near the Anaweka estuary in a remote part of the Tasman District and radiocarbon-dated to about 1400. The canoe was constructed in New Zealand, and was a sophisticated canoe, compatible with the style of other Polynesian voyaging canoes at that time.

Since the 1970s, about eight large double-hulled waka of about 20 metres have been constructed for oceanic voyaging to other parts of the Pacific. They are made of a blend of modern and traditional materials, incorporating features from ancient Melanesia, as well as Polynesia.
Dr. Santos Avenue
Dr. Arcadio Santos Avenue or Dr. Santos Avenue, formerly and still referred to as Sucat Road or Parañaque–Sucat Road, is the primary east–west thoroughfare in Parañaque, southern Metro Manila, Philippines. The avenue's western end is in Barangay San Dionisio as the continuation of Ninoy Aquino Avenue, which leads to Ninoy Aquino International Airport. Its eastern end is at the East Service Road, which runs parallel to the South Luzon Expressway, in Barangay Sucat, Muntinlupa, where it becomes Meralco Road to service the rest of the route to Sucat railway station.

The road's entire main section is designated as National Route 63 (N63), while its short, narrow spur section beneath Skyway's Sucat Exit is a component of National Route 144 (N144); both routes are part of the Philippine highway network. It also has an eastbound spur towards the West Service Road at Sucat Interchange, classified as an unnumbered national tertiary road.

SM Supermalls
SM Supermalls, or simply SM, is a chain of shopping malls owned by the Philippine-based SM Prime. As of February 2026, it has a total of 98 malls (89 in the Philippines and 9 in China), with nine more under construction (seven in the Philippines and two in China). It was originally known as Shoemart, from which the name SM is derived.
Walenczyzna
Walenczyzna [valɛnˈt͡ʂɨzna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skomlin, within Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north-east of Skomlin, 13 km (8 mi) west of Wieluń, and 100 km (62 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Skomlin
Skomlin [ˈskɔmlin] is a village in Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Skomlin. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Wieluń and 102 km (63 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
Bernard William of Gascony
Bernard William, sometimes Bernard I (died 25 December 1009), was the Duke of Gascony and Count of Bordeaux from c.997 to his death. During his time, Gascony was effectively independent, its duke a sovereign and any connection to the Kingdom of France theoretical. His reign fell during a period of relative peace and prosperity: the Peace of God movement had originated in Gascony in his father's time, monastic reform was introduced during his reign and the period of Viking attacks was over. Nonetheless, it was also a period of increasing feudal fragmentation, and Bernard died a violent death.

Descended on both sides from dynasties of Basque origin, Bernard was the eldest son of Duke William Sánchez and Urraca, daughter of King García Sánchez I of Pamplona. "Bernard" was his given name and "William" a patronymic, being the name of his father. He used both names.

Duchy of Gascony
The Duchy of Gascony or Duchy of Vasconia was an ethnic Basque duchy located in present-day southwestern France and northeastern Spain, an area encompassing the modern region of Gascony. The Duchy of Gascony, then known as Vasconia, was originally a Frankish march formed to hold sway over the Basques. However, the duchy went through different periods, from its early years with its distinctively Basque element to the merger in personal union with the Duchy of Aquitaine to the later period as a dependency of the Plantagenet kings of England.

Gascony was under continuous English rule for approximately 300 years, from 1152 to 1453. Charles VII of France reconquered the territory as a final act of the Hundred Years' War and the northern part of the territory was annexed by the Kingdom of France in 1453. The corresponding portion within the Iberian Peninsula became the Kingdom of Navarre.
Jelena Ćetković
Jelena Ćetković (Serbian: Јелена Ћетковић; 21 August 1916 – 14 May 1943) was a Yugoslavian communist revolutionary and activist for women’s rights. During the World Was II, she joined Yugoslav Partisans and participated in the People's Liberation War and was executed by the Nazis in 1943. After the war, she was proclaimed People's Hero of Yugoslavia. As other People's Heroes, she was held in high esteem during the communist rule in Yugoslavia, and many streets and schools were named after her.

Order of the People's Hero
The Order of the People's Hero or the Order of the National Hero (Serbo-Croatian: Orden narodnog heroja / Oрден народног хероја; Slovene: Red narodnega heroja, Macedonian: Oрден на народен херој, romanized: Orden na naroden heroj) was a Yugoslav gallantry medal, the second highest military award, and third overall Yugoslav decoration. It was awarded to individuals, military units, political and other organisations who distinguished themselves by extraordinary heroic deeds during war and in peacetime. The recipients were thereafter known as People's Heroes of Yugoslavia or National Heroes of Yugoslavia. The vast majority was awarded to partisans for actions during the Second World War. A total of 1,322 awards were awarded in Yugoslavia, and 19 were awarded to foreigners.

In 1998, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia decided to award the Order of the People's Hero again and decorated several military units, but no individuals.
Brahmapuri, Sarlahi
Brahmapuri (Nepali: ब्रह्मपुरी) is a rural municipality in Sarlahi District, a part of Madhesh Province in the eastern Terai region of Nepal. It was formed in 2016, occupying current 7 sections (wards) from former VDCs: Brahmapuri, Bhelhi, Tribhuwananagar and Nokailwa. It occupies an area of 40.56 km2 with a total population of 39,169. It is bounded by Parsa rural municipality and Haripurwa municipality in the east, Chandranagar rural municipality and Ishworpur municipality in the north, Malangwa and Kabilasi municipalities in the west, and Sitamarhi district of the Indian state of Bihar in the south. There are a total of 7 wards in this rural municipality. The main occupation is agriculture and farming.

Naukailawa
Nokailwa  is a village development committee in Sarlahi District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 8,358 people living in 1,452 individual households.