hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Capital punishment in Virginia
Capital punishment was abolished in Virginia on March 24, 2021, when Governor Ralph Northam signed a bill into law. The law took effect on July 1, 2021. Virginia is the 23rd state to abolish the death penalty, and the first southern state in the United States to do so.

The first execution in what would become the United States was carried out in Jamestown, Virginia, in 1608, when Captain George Kendall was executed in Jamestown for spying. Death penalty researcher Daniel Hearn has placed the number of executions in the state as over 2,000. In the modern, post-Gregg era, Virginia conducted 113 executions, the fourth most in the country, behind only Texas, Oklahoma and Florida. The last execution in the state was on July 6, 2017, when William Morva was executed via lethal injection for murder.

Capital punishment in Texas
Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the U.S. state of Texas, known as the capital punishment capital, for murder, and participation in a felony resulting in death if committed by an individual who is at least 18 years old.

In 1982, the state became the first jurisdiction in the world to carry out an execution by lethal injection, when it executed Charles Brooks Jr. It was the first execution in the state since 1964.

Texas, which is the second most populous state in the United States, has executed 597 people since the U.S. capital punishment resumption in 1976 (beginning in 1982 with the Brooks execution) to January 28, 2026 (the execution of Charles Victor Thompson)—more than a third of the national total. Even per capita, Texas has the nation's second-highest execution rate, behind only neighboring Oklahoma.
Anti-monumentalism
Anti-monumentalism (or counter-monumentalism) is a tendency in contemporary art that intentionally challenges every aspect (form, subject, meaning, etc.) of traditional public monuments. It has been defined as art designed "not to uphold but negate sacred values". Anti-monumentalism claims to deny the presence of any imposing, authoritative social force in public spaces.

It developed in Germany as an opposition to monumentalism whereby authorities (usually the state or dictator) establish monuments in public spaces to symbolize themselves or their ideology, and influence the historical narrative of the place. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial (1982), or Jochen Gerz's 2146 Stones (1993) can be considered examples of anti-monumentalism.

Anti-monuments in Mexico
In Mexico, an antimonumento (Spanish for 'anti-monument') is a structure that is traditionally installed during popular protests. They are installed to recall a tragic event or to maintain the claim for justice to which governments have failed to provide a satisfactory response in the eyes of the complainant. Many of these are erected for issues related to forced disappearances, massacres, femicides and other forms of violence against women, or any other act of violence.
Eugenia Kennicott
Eugenia Kennicott (1883–1934) recorded her life in Colorado in early 19th century in rare photographic plates. Her sister Anna kept a journal, which was published in 1993, that added to the understanding of life in the American West. Her niece published her aunt's photographs with passages from her mother's diary in the book "Learn to Labor and to Wait". Kennicott suffered with the pain of tuberculosis of the spine throughout her life, and yet kept herself busy with a number of activities, including taking photographs of moments of her life.

History Colorado
History Colorado is a historical society that was established in 1879 as the State Historical Society of Colorado, also known as the Colorado Historical Society. History Colorado is a 501(c)(3) organization and an agency of the State of Colorado under the Department of Higher Education.
Field of definition
In mathematics, the field of definition of an algebraic variety V is essentially the smallest field to which the coefficients of the polynomials defining V can belong. Given polynomials, with coefficients in a field K, it may not be obvious whether there is a smaller field k, and other polynomials defined over k, which still define V.

The issue of field of definition is of concern in diophantine geometry.

André Weil
André Weil (/veɪ/; French: [ɑ̃dʁe vɛj]; 6 May 1906 – 6 August 1998) was a French mathematician, known for his foundational work in number theory and algebraic geometry. He was one of the most influential mathematicians of the twentieth century. His influence is due
both to his original contributions to a remarkably broad
spectrum of mathematical theories, and to the mark 
he left on mathematical practice and style, through
some of his own works as well as through the Bourbaki group, of which he was one of the principal
founders.
Ravengiersburg
Ravengiersburg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen, whose seat is in Simmern. Ravengiersburg is home to the Hunsrückdom – the “Hunsrück Cathedral” – the former resident canonical foundation's church.

Simmern im Hunsrück
Simmern (German pronunciation: [ˈzɪmɐn] ⓘ; officially Simmern/Hunsrück) is a town of roughly 8,155 inhabitants (Dec. 2023) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, the district seat of the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis, and the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen. In the Rhineland-Palatinate state development plan, it is set out as a middle centre.
Horst Blankenburg
Horst Blankenburg (born 10 July 1947) is a German former professional footballer, who played as a sweeper. He is best known for the early 1970s period, during which he played for Ajax and won the European Cup three times (1971, 1972, 1973), the European Super Cup twice (1972, 1973), the Intercontinental Cup once (1972) and the Dutch championship and the KNVB Cup twice. In 1976, he won the German Cup and the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1977 with Hamburger SV. He was never selected for the West Germany national team.

1967–68 Bundesliga
The 1967–68 Bundesliga was the fifth season of the Bundesliga, West Germany's premier football league. It began on 18 August 1967 and ended on 28 May 1968. Eintracht Braunschweig were the defending champions.
May Hill, Gloucestershire
May Hill is a prominent English hill between Gloucester and Ross-on-Wye. Its summit, on the western edge of Gloucestershire and its northern slopes in Herefordshire, is distinguishable by a clump of trees on its summit, which forms an official Site of Special Scientific Interest. It is reached by three public footpaths, two as parts of the Gloucestershire Way and Wysis Way.

Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria
The Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria was celebrated on 20 and 21 June 1887 to mark the 50th anniversary of Queen Victoria's accession on 20 June 1837. It was celebrated with a Thanksgiving Service at Westminster Abbey, and a banquet to which 50 European kings and princes were invited.
Sani Basantpur, Siwan
Sani Basantpur is a village council situated in Goriakothi Block in Siwan district of Bihar state, India. It belongs to Saran division. It is located 21 km towards east from district headquarters Siwan and 117 km from the state capital Patna. Sani Basantpur's PIN code is 841439. Mustfabad is sub post office of Sani Basantpur. Nearby cities to Sani Basantpur is Siwan, Maharajganj, Barauli, Gopalganj

Siwan, Bihar
Siwan is a city and nagar parishad in the Indian state of Bihar. Siwan located West bihar It is the administrative headquarters of Siwan district and one of the urban settlements out of three in the district. It is located close to Uttar Pradesh.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1944
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1944, adopted unanimously on October 14, 2010, after recalling previous resolutions on Haiti, including resolutions 1542 (2004), 1576 (2004), 1608 (2005), 1658 (2006), 1702 (2006), 1743 (2006), 1780 (2007), 1840 (2008), 1892 (2009), 1908 (2010) and 1927 (2010), the Council renewed the mandate of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) until October 15, 2011.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1608
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1608, adopted unanimously on 22 June 2005, after recalling resolutions 1542 (2004) and 1576 (2004) on the situation in Haiti, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) until 15 February 2006 and increased its strength.
Knights Stadium
Knights Stadium was a baseball stadium which served as the home of the International League's Charlotte Knights from 1990 to 2013 and had a capacity of 10,002. The park was located across the state line from Charlotte, North Carolina, in Fort Mill, South Carolina. The stadium closed at the end of the 2013 season and the Knights moved to Truist Field in uptown Charlotte for the 2014 season.

Knights Stadium was easily accessible from Interstate 77. Exit 88 (Gold Hill Road) connects the expressway with the former site of the stadium. A water tower painted to resemble a baseball on a tee, which can be seen from Interstate 77, was built near the stadium and still stands as of May 2025.

Fort Mill, South Carolina
Fort Mill, also known as Fort Mill Township, is a town in York County, South Carolina, United States. It is a suburb of Charlotte, North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population of the town was 24,521. Some businesses and residents in the Indian Land community of neighboring Lancaster County share a Fort Mill mailing address, but the official town boundary extends only within York County.
Vancouver Washington Temple
The Vancouver Washington Temple is a temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints under construction on the border of Vancouver and Camas, Washington. Church president Russell M. Nelson announced the intent to construct the temple on October 1, 2023, during general conference. When completed, it will be Clark County's first temple, the state of Washington's sixth, and the Portland metropolitan area's second. The planned structure will be three stories and reach 267 feet in total height, with a spire of 66 feet. On August 23, 2025, Mark A. Bragg, a church general authority, presided over groundbreaking ceremonies.

Vancouver, Washington
Vancouver (/væn.ˈkuː.vər/ ⓘ van-KOO-vər) is a city in Clark County, Washington, United States, located on the north bank of the Columbia River. It had a population of 190,915 at the 2020 census, making it the fourth-most populous city in Washington. Founded in 1825 and incorporated in 1857, the city was originally established around Fort Vancouver, a fur trading outpost, and is situated directly north of Portland, Oregon, along the Washington–Oregon state line. Vancouver serves as the county seat of Clark County and is part of the Portland metropolitan area.
Decision 3012
"Decision 3012" is the third episode in the  seventh season of the American animated television series Futurama, and the 117th episode of the series overall. It originally aired on Comedy Central on June 27, 2012. The episode was written by Patric M. Verrone and directed by Dwayne Carey-Hill. The plot is a parody of the Birther Movement.

Futurama season 7
The seventh season of Futurama consisted of 26 episodes split equally across two broadcast seasons: 7-A and 7-B. It premiered on Comedy Central on June 20, 2012. A box set containing the 13 episodes of Season 7-A was released as Futurama: Volume 7 and another box set containing the 13 episodes of Season 7-B was released as Futurama: Volume 8.

On April 22, 2013, Comedy Central announced that season 7 would be the final season of the series. The final episode aired on September 4, 2013. Despite the fact that it was originally intended as the final season, Hulu greenlit an eighth season in February 2022, which premiered on July 24, 2023.
Hernici
The Hernici were an Italic tribe of ancient Italy, whose territory was in Latium between the Fucine Lake and the Sacco River (Trerus), bounded by the Volsci on the south, and by the Aequi and the Marsi on the north.

Italic peoples
The concept of Italic peoples is widely used in linguistics and historiography of ancient Italy. In a strict sense, commonly used in linguistics, it refers to the Osco-Umbrians and Latino-Faliscans, speakers of the Italic languages, a subgroup of the Indo-European language family.  In a broader sense, commonly used in historiography, all the ancient peoples of Italy are referred to as Italic peoples, including the non-Indo-European ones, as Rhaetians, Ligures and Etruscans. As the Latins achieved a dominant position among these tribes, by virtue of the expansion of the Roman civilization, the other Italic tribes adopted Latin language and culture as part of the process of Romanization.
Medway Archives Centre
Medway Archives Centre (formerly the Medway Archives and Local Studies Centre, MALSC) is the local archives service of Medway Council in Kent, England. It preserves and provides access to historical records for the Medway area. Its holdings include official records, local history books, periodicals, newspapers, maps, photographs and other materials relating to the history and people of Medway.

The centre aims “to help everyone discover the stories of Medway’s people and places”, serving the towns of Strood, Rochester, Chatham, Gillingham and Rainham as well as surrounding villages and the Hoo Peninsula. Medway Archives Centre has a public search room (for local studies collections) and a secure archives reading room (for original documents), as well as digital catalogues and research guides.  In 2021 the service was awarded Archive Service Accreditation (the UK standard for archival services).

Medway
Medway is a unitary authority area with borough status in the ceremonial county of Kent in South East England. It was formed in 1998 by merging the boroughs of Rochester-upon-Medway and Gillingham, and is administered by Medway Council, which is independent from Kent County Council. The borough had a population of 278,016 in 2019.  The borough contains the towns of Chatham, Gillingham, Rainham, Rochester and Strood, which are collectively known as the Medway Towns.

Medway is one of the boroughs included in the Thames Gateway development scheme. It is also the home of Universities at Medway, a tri-partite collaboration of the University of Greenwich, the University of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church University on a single campus in Chatham, together with the Medway School of Arts.
Blown Away (1994 film)
Blown Away is a 1994 American action thriller film directed by Stephen Hopkins and starring Jeff Bridges, Tommy Lee Jones, Forest Whitaker, Suzy Amis, and Lloyd Bridges, and follows a Boston bomb squad member pursuing an Irish bomber, who recently escaped from prison and is targeting the other bomb squad members. The film was distributed and financed by MGM, a studio which was in financial difficulty at the time. The head of the studio was former Paramount executive Frank Mancuso Sr.

Bomb disposal
Bomb disposal is an explosives engineering profession using the process by which hazardous explosive devices are disabled or otherwise rendered safe. Bomb disposal is an all-encompassing term to describe the separate, but interrelated functions in the military fields of explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) and improvised explosive device disposal (IEDD), and the public safety roles of public safety bomb disposal (PSBD) and the bomb squad.
Kleene–Brouwer order
In descriptive set theory, the Kleene–Brouwer order or Lusin–Sierpiński order is a linear order on finite sequences over some linearly ordered set , that differs from the more commonly used lexicographic order in how it handles the case when one sequence is a prefix of the other. In the Kleene–Brouwer order, the prefix is later than the longer sequence containing it, rather than earlier.

The Kleene–Brouwer order generalizes the notion of a postorder traversal from finite trees to trees that are not necessarily finite. For trees over a well-ordered set,  the Kleene–Brouwer order is itself a well-ordering if and only if the tree has no infinite branch. It is named after Stephen Cole Kleene, Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer, Nikolai Luzin, and Wacław Sierpiński.

Descriptive set theory
In mathematical logic, descriptive set theory (DST) is the study of certain classes of "well-behaved" subsets of the real line and other Polish spaces. As well as being one of the primary areas of research in set theory, it has applications to other areas of mathematics such as functional analysis, ergodic theory, the study of operator algebras and group actions, and mathematical logic.
Ivan Solodovnikov
Ivan Solodovnikov (Russian: Иван Александрович Солодовников; born 9 April 1985, in Moscow) is a Russian political figure, deputy of the 8th State Duma.

From January 2013 to July 2014, Solodovnikov worked as Deputy General Director for Economics and Finance of Snabstroy LLC. From December 2019 to September 2021, he was the Director of the MoszhilNIIproekt. In 2021, Solodnikov also served as an adviser to the Governor of the Kursk Oblast Roman Starovoyt on a voluntary basis. Since September 2021, he has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma from the Kursk Oblast constituency.

In February 2022, Solodnikov was one of the 16 deputies who voted against the recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic.

Roman Starovoyt
Roman Vladimirovich Starovoyt (Russian: Роман Владимирович Старовойт; 20 January 1972 – 7 July 2025) was a Russian politician who served as Minister of Transport from May 2024 to July 2025. He had previously served as Governor of Kursk Oblast from 2019 to 2024, Deputy Minister of Transport, and the head of the Federal Road Agency in that ministry. He was a member of the United Russia party.

Starovoyt was dismissed from his position as transport minister on 7 July 2025, and was found dead from a gunshot wound in his car a few hours later.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1612
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1612, adopted unanimously on 26 July 2005, after recalling resolutions 1261 (1999), 1308 (2000), 1314 (2000), 1325 (2000), 1379 (2001), 1460 (2003) and 1539 (2004), the council established a monitoring and reporting mechanism on the use of child soldiers.

More than 50 governments and rebel groups would be monitored after the passing of the resolution.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1314
United Nations Security Council resolution 1314 was adopted unanimously on 11 August 2000, after recalling Resolution 1261 (1999) on children and armed conflict and other resolutions including 1265 (1999), 1296 (2000) and 1306 (2000). The Council expressed concern at the impact of conflict upon children and the use of child soldiers, and expressed willingness to consider further measures under the United Nations Charter when dealing with situations of children in armed conflict.

Unlike Resolution 1261 on the same topic, Resolution 1314 established more targeted measures to protect children during and after conflict.
Hilary Barry
Hilary Ann Barry (née Pankhurst, born 4 December 1969) is a New Zealand journalist and television personality who co-hosts Seven Sharp with Jeremy Wells on TVNZ 1. She was a newsreader on TV3 for many years and until 2016, presented the 6 pm Newshub show with Mike McRoberts. She also worked on the Paul Henry morning TV show since its launch, reading the news. Barry resigned from these roles in April 2016.

More FM
More FM is a New Zealand radio network that plays hot adult contemporary music. It is operated by MediaWorks New Zealand.

More FM broadcasts in 25 centres throughout New Zealand on 81 transmitters with a mix of local and network programming. The station targets a 25 to 49-year-old audience and has the most local shows of any radio network in New Zealand. Currently there are 11 different breakfast shows and 14 day shows.

The More FM network has grown from a local Wellington station to a large Network brand developed through expansion, acquisitions and re-branding of local stations already owned by MediaWorks.

More FM had the 3rd or 4th largest audience of New Zealand's commercial radio stations in 2021.
Are You Sequenced?
Are You Sequenced? is the thirty-second album by Klaus Schulze. It was originally released in 1996, and in 2006 was the eighteenth Schulze album reissued by Revisited Records. Are You Sequenced? was released after Schulze's Silver Edition and Historic Edition 10-disc CD box sets, technically making this album his fifty-second.

Silver Edition
Silver Edition is a limited edition 10-disc CD box set released by Klaus Schulze in 1993 containing new studio material in addition to unreleased archival recordings. This set was wholly included in Schulze's 50-disc CD box set The Ultimate Edition released in 2000. Beginning in 2009, tracks from this set were reissued as La Vie Electronique, a series of 3-disc CD sets releasing all the material of The Ultimate Edition in chronological order.
5th federal electoral district of Baja California
The 5th federal electoral district of Baja California (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 05 de Baja California) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of nine such districts in the state of Baja California.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the first region.

The 5th district was created by the 1977 electoral reforms and was first contested in the 1979 mid-term election.
The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Evangelina Moreno Guerra of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).

Electoral regions of Mexico
The electoral regions (Spanish: circunscripciones electorales) of Mexico are geographic areas composed of various states used for the election of the 200 proportional representation legislators to the Chamber of Deputies.

The country is split into five separate regions. Each of the five regions elects 40 deputies, who are selected according to party lists in the regions. To distinguish them from those elected in the 300 single-member constituencies, they are often referred to as 
"plurinominal deputies".

In contrast, the 32 senators-at-large elected to the Senate by the principle of proportional representation are drawn from party lists covering the entire country; the electoral regions therefore play no role in Senate elections.
Chestnut-winged cuckoo
The chestnut-winged cuckoo or red-winged crested cuckoo (Clamator coromandus) is a cuckoo found in Southeast Asia and parts of South Asia. It has dark glossy upperparts, a black head with long crest chestnut wings, a long graduated glossy black tail, rufous throat dusky underside and a narrow white nuchal half collar. They breed along the Himalayas and migrate south in winter to Sri Lanka, southern India and tropical Southeast Asia including parts of Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines. It is about 47 cm (19 in) long.

Jacobin cuckoo
The Jacobin cuckoo (Clamator jacobinus), also pied cuckoo or pied crested cuckoo, is a member of the cuckoo order of birds that is found in Africa and Asia. It is partially migratory and in India, it has been considered a harbinger of the monsoon rains due to the timing of its arrival. It has been associated with a bird in Indian mythology and poetry, known as the chātaka (Sanskrit: चातक) represented as a bird with a beak on its head that waits for rains to quench its thirst.