hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1935 college football season
The 1935 college football season was the last one before the Associated Press (AP) writers' poll was used in selecting the national champion. There were seven contemporary math system selectors that year who are informally recognized by the NCAA as "nationwide in scope". The Dickinson System, run by University of Illinois Professor Frank Dickinson, selected Southern Methodist University (SMU) as best in the nation. The Houlgate System, created by Carroll Everard "Deke" Houlgate Sr., also selected SMU. The contemporary Boand, Litkenhous and Poling math rating systems all selected Minnesota as the No. 1 team in the nation. The Dunkel System selected Princeton as its top team. The Williamson System, by Paul O. Williamson of New Orleans, ranked Texas Christian University first.

The 1935 season also marked the first time the Heisman Trophy was awarded. It was won by Jay Berwanger of Chicago.  Quarterback Ray Zeh of Case Western Reserve led the nation in scoring.

Ray Zeh
Raymond Fredrick Zeh (October 22, 1914 – December 23, 2003) was an American football quarterback and kicker who played college football for Western Reserve University—now known as Case Western Reserve University—from 1934 to 1936.  During the 1935 season, he led college football in scoring with 112 points.  Western Reserve has a combined record of 26–1–2 during his Zeh's three on the team, with the only loss coming against the Ohio State Buckeyes in 1934.

Zeh graduated from Collinwood High School in Cleveland in 1933. He was a member of Phi Gamma Delta fraternity while at Western Reserve. Zeh married Evelyn M. Anderson, 1938 grad of Mather College, and together had a son named Raymond Zeh, Jr., born in 1944.

Zeh is buried at Clarendon Hills Cemetery, located in Darien, Illinois.
Pieve Fosciana
Pieve Fosciana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lucca in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Florence and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Lucca.

Pieve Fosciana borders the following municipalities: Camporgiano, Castelnuovo di Garfagnana, Castiglione di Garfagnana, Fosciandora, Pievepelago, San Romano in Garfagnana, Villa Collemandina.

Castelnuovo di Garfagnana
Castelnuovo di Garfagnana is a town and comune (municipality) in the province of Lucca, Tuscany, central Italy. It is located in the historical region of Garfagnana, at the confluence of the Serchio and the Turrite Secca rivers, close to the intersection of roads passing through the Apennine Mountains and the Apuan Alps.

The local economy is based mainly on the production of cereals and on the chemical and textile industries.
Palmette
The palmette is a motif in decorative art which, in its most characteristic expression, resembles the fan-shaped leaves of a palm tree, like palmyra leaf. It has a far-reaching history, originating in ancient Egypt with a subsequent development through the art of most of Eurasia, often in forms that bear relatively little resemblance to the original. In ancient Greek and Roman uses it is also known as the anthemion (from the Greek ανθέμιον, a flower). It is found in most artistic media, but especially as an architectural ornament, whether carved or painted, and painted on ceramics. It is very often a component of the design of a frieze or border. The complex evolution of the palmette was first traced by Alois Riegl in his Stilfragen of 1893. The half-palmette, bisected vertically, is also a very common motif, found in many mutated and vestigial forms, and especially important in the development of plant-based scroll ornament.

Abacus (architecture)
In architecture, an abacus (from the Ancient Greek ἄβαξ (ábax), 'slab'; or French abaque, tailloir; pl.: abacuses or abaci) is a flat slab forming the uppermost member or division of the capital of a column, above the bell.  Its chief function is to provide a large supporting surface, tending to be wider than the capital, as an abutment to receive the weight of the arch or the architrave above. The diminutive of abacus, abaculus, is used to describe small mosaic tiles, also called abaciscus or tessera, used to create ornamental floors with detailed patterns of chequers or squares in a tessellated pavement.
Cheddi Jagan International Airport
Cheddi Jagan International Airport (IATA: GEO, ICAO: SYCJ), formerly Timehri International Airport, is the primary international airport of Guyana. The airport is located on the right bank of the Demerara River in the city of Timehri, 41 kilometres (25 mi) south of Guyana's capital, Georgetown. It is the larger of the two international airports serving Georgetown with the other airport being the Eugene F. Correia International Airport.

Paramaribo
Paramaribo is the capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District. Paramaribo has a population of roughly 252,581 people as of 2025 estimate, almost half of Suriname's population. The historic inner city of Paramaribo has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002.
Te Puna Mauri ō Omaru
Te Puna Mauri ō Omaru is a photovoltaic power station in Ruawai, Northland, New Zealand. It is owned and operated by Northpower.

The project was announced in December 2023, and gifted the name "Te Puna Mauri ō Omaru" ("the energy source of Omaru") by local hapu Te Uri-o-Hau. It generated its first electricity in December 2024.

Te Uri-o-Hau
Te Uri-o-Hau (sometimes spelt Te Uri O Hau or Te Uriohau) is a Māori iwi (tribe) based around New Zealand's Kaipara Harbour. It is both an independent iwi and a hapū (sub-tribe) of the larger Ngāti Whātua iwi, alongside Ngāti Whātua-o-Ōrākei, Te Roroa and Te Taoū. Its rohe (tribal area) includes Dargaville, Maungaturoto, Mangawhai, Kaiwaka and Wellsford.

According to the 2018 New Zealand census, about 1,314 people affiliate with the iwi. This compares to 732 in 2001, 1,074 in 2006, and 1,260 in 2013.
Pages (word processor)
Pages is a word processing program developed by Apple that is part of the iWork productivity suite. It runs on the macOS, iPadOS, and iOS operating systems and is also available on the iCloud website. The first version of Pages was released in February 2005. Pages is marketed by Apple as an easy-to-use application that allows users to quickly create documents on their devices. Many Apple-designed templates comprising different themes (such as letters, résumés, posters, and outlines) are included with Pages.

Word processor
A word processor (WP) is a device or computer program that provides for input, editing, formatting, and output of text, often with some additional features.

Early word processors were stand-alone devices dedicated to the function, but current word processors are primarily word processor programs running on general purpose computers, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, and desktop computers, with dedicated hardware word processors being confined to a small niche market.

The functions of a word processor program are typically between those of a simple text editor and a desktop publishing program. Many word processing programs have gained advanced features over time providing similar functionality to desktop publishing programs.

Common word processor programs include LibreOffice Writer, Google Docs and Microsoft Word.
Rajinder Khanna
Rajinder Khanna (born 1956) is a retired Indian Police Service (IPS) officer, who is currently serving as the Additional National Security Advisor of India since July 2024. Starting from 2018, he has served as the secretary of the National Security Council Secretariat. He is also a former chief of the Research and Analysis Wing, the external intelligence agency of India.

Secretary of the Research and Analysis Wing
The Secretary of the Research and Analysis Wing (Sachev, Anusandhan evam Vishleshan Wing) is the seniormost non-elected official of the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), India's external intelligence agency. The post is generally held by a senior officer from the Indian Police Service (IPS). The Secretary R&AW reports directly to the Prime Minister of India and is responsible for all intelligence operations abroad.

The first secretary was R. N. Kao, who established the agency in 1968. As the head of R&AW, the secretary is responsible for intelligence collection, covert operations, and national security assessments.
Hale Zukas
Hale J. Zukas (May 31, 1943 – November 30, 2022) was an American disability rights activist. He was a member of the Rolling Quads at the University of California, Berkeley, and a founder of the first Center for Independent Living (CIL) in Berkeley. He was active in working for accessible streets and public transit, and in the creation of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.

Bay Area Rapid Transit
Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) is a rapid transit system serving the San Francisco Bay Area in California. BART serves 50 stations along six routes and 131 miles (211 kilometers) of track, including eBART, a 9-mile (14 km) spur line running to Antioch, and Oakland Airport Connector, a 3-mile (4.8 km) automated guideway transit line serving Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport. With an average of 186,000 weekday passenger trips as of the fourth quarter of 2025 and 55,483,900 annual passenger trips in 2025, BART is the seventh-busiest rapid transit system in the United States.

BART is operated by the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District which formed in 1957. The initial system opened in stages from 1972 to 1974. The system has been extended several times, most recently in 2020, when Milpitas and Berryessa/North San José stations opened as part of the under construction Silicon Valley BART extension in partnership with the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA).
Gloria Diaz
Gloria Maria Aspillera Diaz (Tagalog: [ˈɡloɾja ˈdɪas]; born April 5, 1951) is a Filipino actress, model, socialite, and beauty queen who won Miss Universe 1969, making history as the first Filipino Miss Universe.

Cebuano people
The Cebuano people (Cebuano: Bisaya) are the largest subgroup of the larger ethnolinguistic group Visayans. They constitute the largest Filipino ethnolinguistic group in the country. They originate from the region of Central Visayas, including Cebu, Siquijor, Bohol, Negros Oriental, western and southern Leyte, western Samar, Masbate, and (from recent migrations) large parts of Mindanao.

In general, "Cebuano" is a demonym that refers to the native speakers of the Cebuano language in various regions in the Philippine archipelago. In the narrower definition, Cebuano (Cebuano: Sugbuanon) refers to the native inhabitants of Cebu Island.
Wide Bay, Papua New Guinea
Wide Bay is a bay located to the south of Rabaul, on the southern coast of Gazelle Peninsula of New Britain.

During the final stages of World War II, after landing at Jacquinot Bay Australian forces then established a defensive line across the island between Wide Bay and Open Bay during the Battle of Wide Bay–Open Bay in 1945, with the aim of confining the Japanese forces on the island to the area around Rabaul.

Gazelle Peninsula
The Gazelle Peninsula is a large peninsula in northeastern East New Britain, Papua New Guinea located on the island of New Britain within the Bismarck Archipelago, situated in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.
The Rabaul caldera is located on the northern tip of the peninsula. 
Upon the Gazelle Peninsula are the Baining Mountains, of which the highest point is Mount Sinewit at 2,063 m (6,768 ft).
The Gazelle Peninsula houses Vulcan Crater and Mount Tavurvur, both of which conducted volcanic activity in the 20th and 21st centuries and have provided extremely fertile soils.
The body of the Gazelle Peninsula is about 80 km (50 mi).
The southern isthmus upon which the Gazelle Peninsula is connected to the main body of East New Britain is reduced to about 32 km (20 mi).
1962 FIFA World Cup qualification (inter-confederation play-offs)
For the 1962 FIFA World Cup qualification, there were three inter-confederation play-offs to determine the final three qualification spots to the 1962 FIFA World Cup. The matches were played between 8 October – 26 November 1961.

1962 FIFA World Cup qualification
A total of 56 teams entered the 1962 FIFA World Cup qualification rounds, competing for a total of 16 spots in the final tournament. Chile, as the hosts, and Brazil, as the defending champions, qualified automatically, leaving 14 spots open for competition.

As with previous World Cups, the rules of the qualification rounds varied by confederation. The winners of the four weakest continental zones: North America (NAFC), Central America and Caribbean (CCCF), Africa (CAF) and Asia (AFC), were not guaranteed direct spots in the final tournament. Instead, they entered a play-off against a team from either Europe (UEFA) or South America (CONMEBOL), with the winners of the three play-offs qualifying.
Amblyderus triplehorni
Amblyderus triplehorni is a species of ant-like flower beetle in the family Anthicidae. It is an endemic species that is only found in the Great Sand Dunes National Monument, Colorado, USA, and in the nearby sand dune habitats in Alamosa and Saguache Counties. This species is also sometimes referred to as Triplehorn's Ant-like Flower Beetle. Amblyderus triplehorni is a small flightless beetle that inhabits barren dunes and is considered critically imperiled in Colorado by NatureServe.

Prothorax
The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the pronotum (dorsal), the prosternum (ventral), and the propleuron (lateral) on each side. The prothorax never bears wings in extant insects (except in some cases of atavism), though some fossil groups possessed wing-like projections. All adult insects possess legs on the prothorax, though in a few groups (e.g., the butterfly family Nymphalidae) the forelegs are greatly reduced. In many groups of insects, the pronotum is reduced in size, but in a few it is hypertrophied, such as in all beetles (Coleoptera). In most treehoppers (family Membracidae, order Hemiptera), the pronotum is expanded into often fantastic shapes that enhance their camouflage or mimicry. Similarly, in the Tetrigidae, the pronotum is extended backward to cover the flight wings, supplanting the function of the tegmina.
Puppet Master: The Littlest Reich
Puppet Master: The Littlest Reich is a 2018 American horror comedy film directed by Sonny Laguna and Tommy Wiklund, and written by S. Craig Zahler. The film is the twelfth entry in the Puppet Master franchise, and is the first film produced by Fangoria under their "Fangoria Presents" label, following their acquisition by Cinestate. It is a reboot of the series, and stars Thomas Lennon, Jenny Pellicer, Nelson Franklin, Barbara Crampton, and Udo Kier. It was released on August 17, 2018, by RLJE Films. As of February 2019, the film has grossed over $600,000 through video sales.

RLJ Entertainment
RLJ Entertainment (formerly Image Entertainment) is an American film production company and home video distributor, distributing film and television productions in North America, with approximately 3,200 exclusive DVD titles and approximately 340 exclusive CD titles in domestic release, and approximately 450 programs internationally via sublicense agreements. For many of its titles, Image has exclusive audio and broadcast rights as well as digital download rights to approximately 2,100 video programs and over 400 audio programs containing more than 6,000 tracks. The company is headquartered in Chatsworth, California.
Tenri Sanrinkō
Tenri Sanrinkō (Japanese: 天理三輪講) was a Tenrikyo-based shinshūkyō (Japanese new religion) that became formally independent in 1933 under its founder, Katsu Hisano (勝ヒサノ) who was a follower of Honmichi, then called Tenri Hondō at that time. Formerly based in Osaka Prefecture, it no longer exists today; however, some new religions claim or recognize their past history ultimately from it through their founders, such as Kami Ichijōkyō, Sekai Shindōkyō, or even further to Ōkanmichi (おうかんみち) and Kanrodai Reiri Shidōkai (甘露台霊理斯道会; also known by the name of its main temple, Yamato Daijingū 皇和大親宮). Adherents of Tenri Sanrinkō followed the tradition of Honmichi by revering the leader as the living kanrodai. The kō (講) in Tenri Sanrinkō refers to confraternity in Japanese religious parlance.

Japanese new religions
Japanese new religions are new religious movements established in Japan. In Japanese, they are called shinshūkyō (新宗教) or shinkō shūkyō (新興宗教). Japanese scholars classify all religious organizations founded since the middle of the 19th century as "new religions"; thus, the term refers to a great diversity and number of organizations. Most came into being in the mid-to-late twentieth century and are influenced by much older traditional religions including Buddhism and Shinto. Foreign influences include Islam and  Christianity, the Bible, and the writings of Nostradamus.
Absorption band
In spectroscopy, an absorption band is a range of wavelengths, frequencies or energies in the electromagnetic spectrum that are characteristic of a particular transition from initial to final state in a substance.

According to quantum mechanics, atoms and molecules can only hold certain defined quantities of energy, or exist in specific states. When such quanta of electromagnetic radiation are emitted or absorbed by an atom or molecule, energy of the radiation changes the state of the atom or molecule from an initial state to a final state.

Electronic band structure
In solid-state physics, the electronic band structure (or simply band structure) of a solid describes the range of energy levels that electrons may have within it, as well as the ranges of energy that they may not have (called band gaps or forbidden bands).

Band theory derives these bands and band gaps by examining the allowed quantum mechanical wave functions for an electron in a large, periodic lattice of atoms or molecules. Band theory has been successfully used to explain many physical properties of solids, such as electrical resistivity and optical absorption, and forms the foundation of the understanding of all solid-state devices (transistors, solar cells, etc.).
Mitchell Point (Oregon)
Mitchell Point is a cape in the Columbia River Gorge in Hood River County, Oregon, United States.

Little is known about the man named Mitchell for whom the point was named. He was believed to be a trapper who lived and died in the area. There have been some efforts to rename the point Storm Crest, but they have not been successful.

The now-demolished Mitchell Point Tunnel on the Historic Columbia River Highway was bored through the point, which is a cliff that overhangs the Columbia River. The part of the rock through which the tunnel passed was known to the local Native Americans as Little Storm King, and the larger mountain above that point was known as Great Storm King.

Hood River County, Oregon
Hood River County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,977. The county seat is Hood River. The county was established in 1908 and is named for the Hood River, a tributary of the Columbia River. Hood River County comprises the Hood River, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area. The Hood River Valley produces apples, pears, and cherries. Situated between Mount Hood and the Columbia River in the middle of the Columbia River Gorge, Hood River County is a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts, such as windsurfers, mountain-bikers, skiers, hikers, kayakers, and many more.
Haplometra
Haplometra is a genus of flatworms belonging to the family Plagiorchiidae.

The species of this genus are found in Europe.

Species:

Haplometra brevicaeca Timon-David, 1962

Haplometra cylindracea (Zeder, 1800)

Haplometra cylindracea
Haplometra cylindracea is a trematode parasite of frogs. Adult worms measure usually 10 mm and they are located in the lungs. H. cylindracea develops through 2 intermediate hosts: the first, a freshwater snail, the second, a  water beetle.
Directorate-General for the Environment
Directorate-General for Environment  (DG ENV) is a Directorate-General of the European Commission, responsible for the Environmental policy of the European Union. Initially known as DG XI, in 2010 "relevant [climate change] activities in DG Environment" were moved from DG ENV to the new DG Climate Action (DG CLIMA). It retains competence for zero pollution, circular economy, and biodiversity. It is currently led by Director-General Eric Mamer. The DG ENV supports the work of the Commissioner for Environment, Water Resilience and a Competitive Circular Economy, Jessika Roswall.

Directorate-General
Within the European Union (EU), Directorates-General are departments with specific zones of responsibility. Within the European Commission specifically, Directorates-General are the equivalent of national-level ministries. Most are headed by a European commissioner, responsible for the general direction of the Directorate-General, and in charge of (politically responsible for) the corresponding policy area; and a director-general, responsible for the management of day-to-day affairs, who reports to the European Commissioner.

Nearly all of the top-level organisational divisions of the Secretariat of the European Parliament and the General Secretariat of the Council of the European Union are also termed Directorates-General.

The European Patent Office (part of the European Patent Organisation, separate from the EU) also has Directorates-General, which are administrative groupings of departments.
Ficus scobina
Ficus scobina is one of several fig species commonly known as sandpaper fig. Ficus scobina is a small tree that grows to a height of 3–8 metres (9.8–26.2 ft). It is native to northern Australia, from the Kimberleys across to north Queensland.

Ficus
Ficus (/ˈfaɪkəs/ or /ˈfiːkəs/) is a genus of about 850 species of woody trees, shrubs, vines, epiphytes and hemiepiphytes in the family Moraceae. Collectively known as fig trees or figs, they are native throughout the tropics with a few species extending into the semi-warm temperate zone. Many Ficus species are grown for their fruits, though only two species, the common fig (F. carica) and sycamore fig (F. sycomorus), are cultivated to any extent, with common fig being the type species and by far the most important. The fruit of most other species are also edible though they are usually of only local economic importance or eaten as bushfood. However, they are extremely important food resources for wildlife. Figs are also of considerable cultural importance throughout the tropics, both as objects of worship and for their many practical uses.
Daniel Saror
Daniel Iyorkegh Saror was elected Senator for the Benue North East constituency of Benue State, Nigeria at the start of the Nigerian Fourth Republic, running on the People's Democratic Party (PDP) platform. He took office on 29 May 1999.
He was reelected in April 2003 on the All Nigeria People's Party (ANPP) platform.

After taking his seat in the Senate in June 1999, Saror was appointed to committees on Solid Minerals, Science & Technology, Agriculture, Finance & Appropriation, Water Resources and Education (Vice Chairman).
After reelection on the ANPP platform in 2003, Saror was appointed Deputy Minority leader.
In the April 2007 elections, Saror ran unsuccessfully for Governor of Benue State on the ANPP ticket.
He was defeated by Gabriel Suswam of the PDP who won 1,086,489 votes against Saror's 276,618.

Gabriel Suswam
Gabriel Torwua Suswam (born 15 November 1964) is a Nigerian politician and former Governor of Benue State. He represented Benue North-East Senatorial district in the 9th National Assembly of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.