hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Isle of Bombay
Isle of Bombay was one of the Seven Islands of Bombay, an archipelago of islands that were, in the eighteenth century, connected to form the area of the modern city of Bombay in India. The island was the main harbour and the Base of the British from where the city expanded.

The island stretched from Malabar Hill on the west to Dongri in the East where it formed a natural harbour. To its north at the Malabar hill end lay the Island of Worli, while the Island of Mazgaon lay across a creek from the Dongri end. The island of Colaba and the Old Woman's Island lay to the south of Bombay isle.

In the eighteenth century, the isle was merged with its neighbouring landmasses of Worli (in 1784 by the building of the Hornby Vellard) and with Colaba Island via the construction of the Colaba Causeway in 1838.

Old Woman's Island
The Old Woman's Island, also known as Little Colaba is one of the seven islands composing the city of Mumbai, India, and part of the historic Old Mumbai.

The Colaba Causeway built in 1838, connected this last island to the mainland of Mumbai, along with the island of Colaba.
Cycling at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's road race B
The men's road race B cycling event at the 2024 Summer Paralympics took place on 6 September 2024 in Clichy-sous-Bois in Seine-Saint-Denis, Paris, France

The B classification is for cyclists with visual impairment. Sighted guides act as pilots in these events, which take place on tandem bikes.

Cycling at the 2024 Summer Paralympics
Cycling at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris, France, took place in Clichy-sous-Bois in Seine-Saint-Denis for road cycling from 4 to 7 September, and track cycling was hosted at the Vélodrome de Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines from 29 August to 1 September.
Dissolving pulp
Dissolving pulp, also called dissolving cellulose, is bleached wood pulp or cotton linters that has a high cellulose content (> 90%). It has special properties including a high level of brightness and uniform molecular-weight distribution. This pulp is manufactured for uses that require a high chemical purity, and particularly low hemicellulose content, since the chemically similar hemicellulose can interfere with subsequent processes. Dissolving pulp is so named because it is not made into paper, but dissolved either in a solvent or by derivatization into a homogeneous solution, which makes it completely chemically accessible and removes any remaining fibrous structure. Once dissolved, it can be spun into textile fibers (viscose or Lyocell), or chemically reacted to produce derivatized celluloses, such cellulose triacetate, a plastic-like material formed into fibers or films, or cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, used as a thickener.

Kraft process
The kraft process (also known as kraft pulping or sulfate process) is a process for conversion of wood into wood pulp, which consists of almost pure cellulose fibres, the main component of paper. The kraft process involves treatment of wood chips with a hot mixture of water, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and sodium sulfide (Na2S), known as white liquor, that breaks the bonds that link lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose.  The technology entails several steps, both mechanical and chemical.  It is the dominant method for producing paper.  In some situations, the process has been controversial because kraft plants can release odorous products and in some situations produce substantial liquid wastes.

The process name is derived from the German word Kraft, meaning 'strength' in this context, due to the strength of the kraft paper produced using this process.
Aram Nerow-e Bala
Aram Nerow-e Bala (Persian: ارام نروبالا, also Romanized as Ārām Nerow-e Bālā; also known as Ārām Nerow) is a village in Chehel Chay Rural District, in the Central District of Minudasht County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 96, in 27 families.

Chehel Chay Rural District
Chehel Chay Rural District (Persian: دهستان چهل چائ) is in the Central District of Minudasht County, Golestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qalami. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Alqajar, now a city.
2015 United States Men's Curling Championship
The 2015 United States Men's Curling Championship was held from February 14 to 21 at the Wings Stadium in Kalamazoo, Michigan. It was held in conjunction with the 2015 United States Women's Curling Championship. The winning John Shuster rink went on to represent the United States at the 2015 Ford World Men's Curling Championship in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

United States Men's Curling Championship
The United States Men's Curling Championship is the annual men's national curling championship for the United States. It is run by the United States Curling Association (USCA) and typically held in conjunction with the Women's Championship. The champion is eligible to represent the United States at the World Men's Curling Championships if they also rank in the top 75 teams over the last two seasons in the World Curling Tour Order of Merit or have earned 40 points in the Order of Merit year-to-date rankings.
O'Bannon Mill
O'Bannon Mill (also known as O'Bannon Corporation Leather Division, or Collins & Aikman Mill) is an historical mill at 90 Bay Spring Avenue in Barrington, Rhode Island.  It was one of the first places where artificial leather (using pyroxylin) was manufactured on a large scale.

Artificial leather
Artificial leather, also called synthetic leather, is a material intended to substitute for leather in upholstery, clothing, footwear, and other uses where a leather-like finish is desired but the actual material is cost prohibitive or unsuitable due to practical or ethical concerns. Artificial leather is known under many names, including leatherette, imitation leather, faux leather, vegan leather, PU leather (polyurethane),  and pleather.
Animal Serenade
Animal Serenade is a live album by American rock musician Lou Reed, recorded in Los Angeles at the Wiltern Theatre in 2003 after The Raven. The show features a drummer-less band (including Mike Rathke on guitar/synth, bassist, vocalist Fernando Saunders, and the cello of Jane Scarpantoni). In addition, Anohni, of Antony and the Johnsons fame, contributes background vocals throughout and sings the lead on "Set the Twilight Reeling" and "Candy Says".

Fernando Saunders plays bass and other instruments. He did background vocals on most songs and sang lead vocals on "Tell It to Your Heart" and "Reviens Cherie", scat on "Sunday Morning".

Three songs were performed during the concert that did not appear on the album: "Sweet Jane", "The Last Shot" and "Perfect Day" (sung in duet with Anohni).
"Sweet Jane" is available by digital download.

Pellissier Building and Wiltern Theatre
The Pellissier Building and adjoining Wiltern Theatre is a 12-story, 155-foot (47 m) Art Deco landmark at the corner of Wilshire Boulevard and Western Avenue in Los Angeles, California. The entire complex is commonly referred to as the Wiltern Center. Clad in a blue-green glazed architectural terra-cotta tile and situated diagonal to the street corner, the complex is considered one of the finest examples of Art Deco architecture in the United States. The Wiltern building is owned privately, and the Wiltern Theatre is operated by Live Nation's Los Angeles division.
Above and Beyond (miniseries)
Above and Beyond is a four-hour 2006 miniseries aired by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation on October 29 and 30, 2006. It stars Richard E. Grant, Jonathan Scarfe, Liane Balaban, Allan Hawco, Kenneth Welsh  and Jason Priestley. The miniseries deals with the Atlantic Ferry Organization, tasked with ferrying aircraft from North America to Europe in the early years of the Second World War.

Minister of Aircraft Production
The Minister of Aircraft Production was, from 1940 to 1945, the British government minister at the Ministry of Aircraft Production, one of the specialised supply ministries set up by the British Government during World War II. It was responsible for aircraft production for the British forces, primarily the Royal Air Force, but also the Fleet Air Arm.
Pope Eutychian
Pope Eutychian, also called Eutychianus (Greek: Ευτυχιανός, romanized: Eutychianos), was the bishop of Rome from 4 January 275 to his death on 7 December 283.

Eutychian's original epitaph was discovered in the catacomb of Callixtus (see Kraus, Roma sotterranea, p. 154 et seq.), but almost nothing more is known of him. Even the date of his reign is uncertain. Liber Pontificalis gives a reign of 8 years and 11 months, from 275 to 283. Eusebius, on the other hand says his reign was only 10 months.

Eutychian is said to have allowed the blessing of grapes and beans on the altar and to have buried 324 martyrs with his own hands. Some historians doubt these traditions, but others assert that persecutions continued until the Edict of Serdica was proclaimed in 311 by Emperor Galerius, making Christianity a legal and acceptable religion. The blessing of produce of the fields is believed by some to belong to a later period, but this cannot be verified.

Eutychian's feast day is 8 December.

Eusebius
Eusebius of Caesarea (c. AD 260/265 – 30 May AD 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilius, was a historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist from the Roman province of Syria Palaestina. In about AD 314 he became the bishop of Caesarea Maritima.

Together with Pamphilus, Eusebius was a scholar of the biblical canon and is regarded as one of the most learned Christians during late antiquity. He wrote the Demonstrations of the Gospel, Preparations for the Gospel and On Discrepancies between the Gospels, studies of the biblical text. His work Onomasticon is an early geographical lexicon of places in the Holy Land mentioned in the Bible. As "Father of Church History" (not to be confused with the title of Church Father), he produced the Ecclesiastical History, On the Life of Pamphilus, the Chronicle and On the Martyrs. He also produced a biographical work on Constantine the Great, the first Christian Roman emperor, who was Augustus between AD 306 and AD 337.
Shahrnāz
Shahrnāz (Persian: شَهرناز; Saŋhauuāčī in Avestan) is one of the two daughters (or possibly sisters) of Jamshid, the mythological king of Iran.
In some versions of Shahnameh, including the Moscow version and that of Ṯaʿālebī, Shahrnāz and her sister, Arnavāz are the daughters of Jamshid, but in others, they are his sisters.

According to the Shahnameh, when Jamshid became proud of himself and lost his Khvarenah, Zahhak made the war upon Jamshid, and he was welcomed by many of Jamshid's dissatisfied subjects. 
Jamshid fled from his capital, but Shahrnāz and Arnavāz were captured and forced to consort Zahhak.
After Fereydun finally defeated Zahhak and imprisoned him in mount Damāvand, he married both sisters. Shahrnaz bore him two sons Tur and Salm, while Arnavāz bore him his youngest son, Iraj. Fereydun then divided the world between his sons, giving Rum (Rome) to Salm, Turan to Tur, and Iran to Iraj.

Iraj
Iraj (Persian: ایرج, romanized: ʾīraj) is according to the Iranian national history, the youngest son of Fereydun and the mythical ancestor of the Iranians. He already appears in the Avesta as Airiia, and in later Zoroastrian tradition as Ērič. The ultimate rendering of his story is told in the Shahnameh.
Anna Tsouhlarakis
Anna Tsouhlarakis is a Native American artist who creates installation, video, and performance art. She is an enrolled citizen of the Navajo Nation and of Muscogee Creek and Greek descent. Her work has been described as breaking stereotypes surrounding Native Americans and provoking thought, rather than focusing solely on aesthetics. Tsouhlarakis wants to redefine what Native American art means and its many possibilities. She also works at the University of Colorado Boulder as an assistant professor.

Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture
The Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture is an artists residency located in Madison, Maine, United States. Every year, the program accepts online applications from emerging artists from November through January, and selects 65 to participate in the nine-week intensive summer program. Admissions decisions are announced in April. The school provides participants with housing, food, and studio space, and the campus offers a library, media lab, and sculpture shop, among other amenities. The tuition for the program is $6,000, however, aid is available.

While on campus, the participants interact with five or six resident faculty artists for the duration of the program, as well as five to seven visiting faculty artists, both of whom are selected by Skowhegan’s Board of Governors. Participants are not allowed to bring family or friends with them to Skowhegan, nor are visitors allowed on campus. Lectures by faculty artists, which are generally held on Fridays, are open to the public.
Sawunggalih
Sawunggalih is an passenger train with the executive and premium economy class that is operated by Kereta Api Indonesia which between Pasar Senen and Kutoarjo via Purwokerto. The trip time around 447 km (278 mil) in 6 hours 5 minutes.

The Sawunggalih train also support for the Kutojaya Utara which from Jakarta Kota to Kutoarjo until the end on 31 January 2025 for regular schedule one day before the enactment of new train travel chart 2025 were effective.

The Sawunggalih train itself known as the good occupation for the west and south of Central Java people, especially the people went to Jakarta for work and back home to the their home in the west and south of Central Java.

Kereta Api Indonesia
PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) (lit. 'Indonesian Railways (State-owned) Limited', KAI) is the main state-owned railway operator of Indonesia. KAI provides intercity passenger services directly, while its subsidiaries provide commuter rail services (KAI Commuter), airport link services (KAI Bandara), freight rail services (KAI Logistik), as well as infrastructure maintenance (KAI Services). KAI also operates in other sectors, such as properties management (KAI Properti) and tourism (KAI Wisata). KAI also has indirect control of Whoosh through its ownership of a majority of shares in PT Pilar Sinergi BUMN Indonesia (PSBI), another state-owned enterprise of Indonesia.

KAI operates on the islands of Sumatra, Java, and Sulawesi, with a total of 6,945 kilometres (4,315 mi) of tracks. Also holds track-assets and planned services on Madura Island. In 2024, KAI carried 505 million passengers and 73.5 million tonnes of cargo, earning Rp 36.1 trillion in revenue.
Tony Sheldon (actor)
Tony Sheldon (born 12 September 1955) is an Australian actor and singer, best known for his work in theatre, especially his role as Bernadette in the original Australian stage production of the musical Priscilla, Queen of the Desert. He is also a writer.

Green Room Award for Male Actor in a Featured Role (Music Theatre)
The Green Room Award for Male Actor in a Featured Role (Music Theatre) is an annual award recognising excellence in the performing arts in Melbourne, Australia. The peer-based Green Room Awards were first presented in February 1984, for productions in 1983.
Ultrasound attenuation spectroscopy
Ultrasound attenuation spectroscopy is a method for characterizing properties of fluids and dispersed particles. It is also known as acoustic spectroscopy.

There is an international standard for this method.

Measurement of attenuation coefficient versus ultrasound frequency yields raw data for further calculation of various system properties. Such raw data are often used in the calculation of the particle size distribution in heterogeneous systems such as emulsions and colloids. In the case of acoustic rheometers, the raw data are converted into extensional viscosity or volume viscosity.

Instruments that employ ultrasound attenuation spectroscopy are referred to as Acoustic spectrometers.

Attenuation coefficient
The linear attenuation coefficient, attenuation coefficient, or narrow-beam attenuation coefficient characterizes how easily a volume of material can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter. A coefficient value that is large represents a beam becoming 'attenuated' as it passes through a given medium, while a small value represents that the medium had little effect on loss. The (derived) SI unit of attenuation coefficient is the reciprocal metre (m−1). Extinction coefficient is another term for this quantity, often used in meteorology and climatology. 
The attenuation length is the reciprocal of the attenuation coefficient.
Marairazo
Marairazo (possibly from Quechua maray batan or grindstone; to tear down, to knock down, rasu snow, ice) is a mountain in the northern sector of the Huaytapallana mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 4,943 metres (16,217 ft) high. It is situated in the Junín Region, Concepción Province, Comas District, and in the Jauja Province, in the districts of Apata and Monobamba.

Huaytapallana mountain range
The Huaytapallana mountain range (from Quechua wayta 'flower' and pallana '(place) where something is collected', thus '(place) where flowers are collected') lies in the Junín Region in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 11°47' and 11°56'S and 75°00' and 75°05'W for about 17 km. The surface area of the zone is 378'40 km2. The range is located in the provinces of Concepción and Huancayo.

In 2011 Huaytapallana was declared an Area of Regional Conservation by Supreme Decrete No. 018-2011-MINAM. The area of 22,406.52 ha is situated  in the districts of El Tambo, Huancayo, Pariahuanca and Quilcas of the Huancayo Province and in the Comas District of the Concepción Province.
Kalyan Bulchand Advani
Kalyan Bulchand Advani (10 December 1911 - 17 March 1994) was an Indian poet, critic, and scholar of Sindhi literature. He compiled an edition of the Shah Jo Risalo in 1958 and translated Kalidas's work Shakuntala in Sindhi. He was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award by the Government of India in 1968.

Sahitya Akademi
The Sahitya Akademi is an organisation recognised as India's "National Academy of Letters", dedicated to the promotion of literature in the languages of India. Founded on 12 March 1954, it is supported by, though independent of, the Indian government. Its office is located in Rabindra Bhavan near Mandi House in Delhi.

The Sahitya Akademi organises national and regional workshops and seminars; provides research and travel grants to authors; publishes books and journals, including the Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature; and presents the annual Sahitya Akademi Award of INR. 100,000 in each of the 24 languages it supports, as well as the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship for lifetime achievement.

The Sahitya Akademi Library is one of the largest multi-lingual libraries in India, with a rich collection of books on literature and allied subjects.

It publishes two bimonthly literary journals: Indian Literature in English and Samkaleen Bharatiya Sahitya in Hindi.
2011–12 IIHF European Women's Champions Cup
The 2011-12 IIHF European Women Champions Cup was the eighth playing of the IIHF European Women Champions Cup. Tornado Moscow Region of the Russian Women's Hockey League won the tournament for the second time in three seasons.

IIHF European Women's Champions Cup
The IIHF European Women's Champions Cup or EWCC was an annual women's ice hockey club tournament, contested by the national women's ice hockey champions from several European ice hockey playing nations. The event was established and organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). The competition format included two group phases followed by a final round. Each phase was played as a round robin in groups of four teams each.
Rhynocoris rubricus
Rhynocoris rubricus is a species belonging to the family Reduviidae, subfamily Harpactorinae.

The base of the scutellum is slightly longer or equal to its height, the front lobe of pronotum is red and femora have a narrow black band.

This species is mainly found in France, Italy,  Slovenia, Croatia and Albania.

Reduviidae
The Reduviidae is a large cosmopolitan family of the suborder Heteroptera of the order Hemiptera (true bugs). Among the Hemiptera and together with the Nabidae almost all species are terrestrial ambush predators; most other predatory Hemiptera are aquatic. The main examples of non-predatory Reduviidae are some blood-sucking ectoparasites in the subfamily Triatominae, with a few species from South America noted for their ability to transmit Chagas disease. Though spectacular exceptions are known, most members of the family are fairly easily recognizable: they have a relatively narrow neck, sturdy build, and formidable curved proboscis (sometimes called a rostrum). Large specimens should be handled with caution, if at all, because they sometimes defend themselves with a very painful stab from the proboscis.
Zielone, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Zielone [ʑɛˈlɔnɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świętajno, within Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south of Świętajno, 18 km (11 mi) east of Szczytno, and 57 km (35 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Świętajno, Szczytno County
Świętajno (Polish pronunciation: [ɕfjɛnˈtajnɔ] ⓘ; German: Schwentainen) is a village in Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northeastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Świętajno. It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) east of Szczytno and 54 km (34 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The village has a population of 2,000.
Kamienyajizōyama Kofun
The Kamienyajizōyama Kofun (上塩冶地蔵山古墳)  is a Kofun period burial mound, located in the Kamienya-chō, neighborhood of the city of Izumo, Shimane in the San'in region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1924. It is ne of the burial mounds that make up the Tsukiyama Kofun Cluster.

Izumo, Shimane
Izumo (出雲市, Izumo-shi) is a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 172,841 in 69,435 households and a population density of 280 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 624.36 square kilometers (241.07 sq mi).
Emma Duggleby
Emma Victoria (Duggleby) Brown (born 5 October 1971) is an English amateur golfer. She was born Emma Duggleby, her married name is Brown. She won the British Ladies Amateur Golf Championship in 1994 and played in three Curtis Cup matches, in 2000, 2002 and 2004.

European Ladies Amateur Championship
The European Ladies Amateur Championship is an annual amateur golf tournament. It is organized by the European Golf Association and is one of the "elite" tournaments recognized by the World Amateur Golf Ranking.

The championship was first played in 1986 and was called the International European Ladies Amateur Championship until 2015. There have been 33 editions contested so far, with many past winners and medallists of this championship are now members of the professional ranks.
Dieunomia
Dieunomia is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. There are about nine described species in Dieunomia. These bees are relatively uncommon, and are larger than almost every other genus in Halictidae other than Nomia. The wing has two submarginal cells, and the usual bent vein of the basal vein is only weakly present. The male has greatly dilated middle tarsi.

Nomia (bee)
Nomia is a genus of sweat bees in the family Halictidae. Many species have opalescent bands on the metasoma. Nomia species are moderate-sized bees that nest in the ground. Most species nest solitarily, but some species also nest communally where females share a nest but where there are no queen or worker castes. Nomia species are found Africa, tropical Asia, Australia, and in North America.  There are about 130 species world wide.

Nomia melanderi is an important pollinator of alfalfa.  They prefer to nest in salty soils. The Walla Walla Valley farmers in Washington State not only sell alfalfa, but some farmers also raise and sell this species of bee.