hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tallar Sar-e Gharbi
Tallar Sar-e Gharbi (Persian: طلار سر غربي, also Romanized as Ţallār Sar-e  Gharbī; also known as Ţalārsar) is a village in Chehel Shahid Rural District, in the Central District of Ramsar County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 366, in 97 families.

Chehel Shahid Rural District
Chehel Shahid Rural District (Persian: دهستان چهل شهيد) is in Dalkhani District of Ramsar County, Mazandaran province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chalakrud. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Galesh Mahalleh, now the city of Dalkhani.
Francesco Pisani
Francesco Pisani (1494 – 28 June 1570) was an Italian Cardinal, born in Venice, the son of Alvise Pisani the noted banker, who was Procurator of S. Mark's, a member of the Council of Ten, and a Councilor of the Doge of Venice; and Cecilia Giustinian.  He had a brother named Giovanni (Zuan), who also became Procurator of S. Marks' and was a Venetian diplomat; he was married to the sister of Doge Andrea Gritti.  He was a strong supporter of the alliance between Venice, France and the Papacy, called the League of Cognac.  He shared the imprisonment of Pope Clement VII in the Castel S. Angelo during the Sack of Rome and its aftermath.  He spent eighteen months in exile in Naples while Clement made his peace with the Emperor Charles V.

Santa Maria in Campitelli
Santa Maria in Campitelli or Santa Maria in Portico (Santa Maria in Portico di Campitelli) is a church dedicated to the Virgin Mary on the narrow Piazza di Campitelli in Rione Sant'Angelo, Rome, Italy. The church is served by the Clerics Regular of the Mother of God.
Decoster's house
Decoster's house was a landmark location during the Battle of Waterloo. It stood on the eastern side of the Waterloo–Genappe main road south of the junction with the minor road to Plancenoit (south La Belle Alliance and north the farm of Rossomme). According to Jean-Baptiste Decoster Napoleon spent the early part of the Battle of Waterloo and around Rossomme and then at about 17:00 moved to a position near Decoster's house where he remained until about 19:00.

Plancenoit
Plancenoit (French pronunciation: [plɑ̃snwa]; Walloon: Planchenois) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Lasne, located in the province of Walloon Brabant, Belgium.

The hamlet of Marache is on its territory.

The village was a key strategic point during the Battle of Waterloo as it was the main focal point of the Prussians' successful flank attack on Napoleon's army.

In June every year, the village plays host to an annual re-enactment of the battle. A monument in the village commemorates the Prussian troops who died in the battle.
Flag of Tuscany
The flag of Tuscany is the official flag of the region of Tuscany, Italy. The flag depicts a silver winged horse rampant on a white field between two horizontal red bands. The flag first appeared as a gonfalon on 20 May 1975 along with accompanying text Regione Toscana above the Pegasus. It was officially adopted as the flag of Tuscany on 3 February 1995.

Kingdom of Etruria
The Kingdom of Etruria (/ɪˈtrʊəriə/ ih-TROOR-ee-ə; Italian: Regno di Etruria) was an Italian kingdom between 1801 and 1807 that made up a large part of modern Tuscany.  It took its name from Etruria, the old Roman name for the land of the Etruscans.
2024 Sun Belt Conference Football Championship Game
The 2024 Sun Belt Conference Football Championship Game was a college football game played on December 7, 2024 at Cajun Field on the campus of University of Louisiana at Lafayette in Lafayette, Louisiana to determine the champion of the Sun Belt Conference for the 2024 season. It was the sixth edition of the Sun Belt Conference Football Championship Game. The game was played at 6:30 p.m. CST (7:30 p.m. EST) on ESPN. The game featured the Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns, the West Division champions, and the Marshall Thundering Herd, the East Division champions. Sponsored by Hercules Tires, the game was officially named as the 2024 Hercules Tires Sun Belt Football Championship.

Sun Belt Conference Football Championship Game
The Sun Belt Conference Football Championship Game is an annual college football game that determines the season champion of the Sun Belt Conference (SBC). The game is played between the SBC regular-season divisional champions from the East and West divisions. First contested in 2018, the game is typically played on the first Saturday of December. The current champion are the James Madison Dukes.
Anthony Kim
Anthony Ha-Jin Kim (born June 19, 1985) is an American professional golfer who plays on the LIV Golf League. He previously played on the PGA Tour, where he won three events, and appeared in the 2008 Ryder Cup and the 2009 Presidents Cup. He suffered an achilles injury in 2012 before returning to professional golf in 2024, signing a contract with LIV Golf. In February 2026, he won the LIV Golf Adelaide tournament, almost 16 years after his last professional victory.

Official World Golf Ranking
The Official World Golf Ranking is a system for rating the performance level of professional golfers. It was started in 1986. The rankings are based on a player's position in individual tournaments (i.e. not pairs or team events) over a "rolling" two-year period. New rankings are calculated each week. During 2018, nearly 400 tournaments on 20 tours were covered by the ranking system. All players competing in these tournaments are included in the rankings. In 2026, 25 tours factored into the world rankings. As well as being of general interest, the rankings have an additional importance, in that they are used as one of the qualifying criteria for entry into a number of leading tournaments.

The chair of the OWGR is former world number twelve and 2008 Masters Tournament champion Trevor Immelman.
Sir George Colthurst, 5th Baronet
Sir George Colthurst, 5th Baronet (1824 – 24 September 1878), was an Irish landowner and politician.

He was a Member of Parliament for Kinsale, Ireland, from 1863 to 1874 as a Liberal-Conservative. Colthurst was also grand juror and magistrate of Cork County and High Sheriff of County Cork in 1850. He was the  fifth of the Colthurst baronets, eldest son of Sir Nicholas Colthurst, 4th Baronet and Elizabeth Vesey.

Colthurst died at Buxton, Derbyshire on 24 September 1878 where he had gone to recover from gout, he was aged 54.

High Sheriff of County Cork
The Sheriff (later High Sheriff) of County Cork was an official in County Cork from the county's creation in the early 13th century until the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922. Within each Irish county, the high sheriff was the primary judicial representative of the English (later British) monarch, who was Lord of Ireland, later King/Queen of Ireland, and finally monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In 1608, Cork city was made a county corporate separate from County Cork, after which separate sheriffs of Cork City were appointed by the city corporation.
Al-Suwaidan (tribe)
Al-Suwaidan (Arabic: آل سويدان) is a prominent Husaynid Sayyid family with origins in both the Levant and Najd. The family has long been associated with leadership, governance, and scholarship, and it maintained strong relations with the Ottoman Empire.

Husaynids
The Husaynids (Arabic: بنو الحسين, romanized: Banū al-Ḥusayn or حسینیون, Ḥusayniyyūn) are a branch of the Alids who are descendants of Husayn ibn Ali, a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It is one of the two main branches of the ashrāf (the other being the descendants of Husyan's brother Hasan, the Hasanids).
Afro
The afro is a hair style created by combing out natural growth of afro-textured hair, or specifically styled with chemical curling products by individuals with naturally curly or straight hair. The hairstyle can be created by combing the hair away from the scalp, dispersing a distinctive curl pattern, and forming the hair into a rounded shape, much like a cloud or puff ball.

For people with wavy or straight hair, the hair style is created with the help of permanent hair structure-changing creams or gels and/or other solidifying liquids to temporarily hold the hair in place. Particularly popular in the African American community of the late 1960s and early 1970s, the hairstyle is often shaped and maintained with the assistance of a wide-toothed comb colloquially known as an Afro pick.

Perm (hairstyle)
A permanent wave, commonly called a perm or permanent (sometimes called a "curly perm" to distinguish it from a "straight perm"), is a hairstyle consisting of waves or curls set into the hair. The curls may last a number of months, hence the name.

Perms may be applied using thermal or chemical means. In the latter method, chemicals are applied to the hair, which is then wrapped around forms to produce waves and curls. The same process is used for chemical straightening or relaxing, with the hair being flattened instead of curled during the chemical reaction.
1984 US Open – Women's singles
Defending champion Martina Navratilova defeated Chris Evert in a rematch of the previous year's final, 4–6, 6–4, 6–4 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1984 US Open. It was her second US Open singles title and eleventh major singles title overall. The victory marked Navratilova's sixth consecutive major singles title, tying Margaret Court and Maureen Connolly's all-time record. She became the first player to win the Surface Slam (winning majors on clay, grass, and hardcourt in the same year), having won the French Open and Wimbledon Championships. The final is considered one of the best matches in US Open history.

This marked the first major appearance of future champion Gabriela Sabatini; she was defeated in the third round by Helena Suková. Additionally, this was the US Open main drawn debut of future five-time champion Steffi Graf.

1990 US Open – Women's singles
Gabriela Sabatini defeated two-time defending champion Steffi Graf in the final, 6–2, 7–6(7–4) to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1990 US Open. It was her first and only major singles title. The final was a rematch of the 1988 final and the 1989 semifinals, both won by Graf.
Indian Oil Cup 2005
The Indian Oil Cup 2005 was a three-team One Day International (ODI) cricket tournament held in Sri Lanka between 30 July and 7 August 2005. The participating teams were hosts Sri Lanka, and India and West Indies. Sri Lanka won the tournament beating India by 18 runs in the final.

Entering the tournament, Sri Lanka were second in the ICC ODI rankings, and were the favorites to win the tournament. West Indies did not field their strongest side as the team was in the middle of a contract dispute with their governing board. Each team played the others twice during the round-robin stage and the two top-placed teams based on points met in the final.

Upul Chandana
Deshabandu Umagiliya Durage Upul Chandana (born 7 May 1972), popularly known as Upul Chandana, is a  former Sri Lankan cricketer who played both Tests and ODIs. He was more specifically a leg spin bowler and was also an outstanding fielder. He was a part of the Sri Lankan squad which won the 1996 Cricket World Cup, however he did not play any matches during the tournament. Chandana is considered to be one of the best leg spinners who ever played for Sri Lanka. He was also a competent lower-order batsman, having scored a total of seven half-centuries at international level.
PCMan File Manager
PCMan File Manager (PCManFM) is a file manager application, developed by Hong Jen Yee (Chinese: 洪任諭; pinyin: Hóng Rènyù) from Taiwan, which is meant to be a replacement for GNOME Files, Dolphin and Thunar. PCManFM was the standard file manager in LXDE until it was discontinued, and it remains the standard file manager for LXQt. Since 2010, PCManFM has undergone a complete rewrite from scratch; build instructions, setup and configuration have changed in the process.

Released under the GNU General Public License, PCManFM is free software. It follows the specifications given by Freedesktop.org for interoperability.

Dissatisfied with GTK3, Hong Jen Yee experimented with Qt in early 2013 and released the first version of a Qt-based PCManFM on March 26, 2013. The new PCManFM-Qt has since replaced the original version and is a core component of the LXQt desktop environment.

GTK
GTK (formerly GIMP ToolKit and GTK+) is a free open-source widget toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs) targeted at Linux and specifically GNOME (though with some use in other desktop environments). It is licensed under the terms of the GNU LGPL, allowing both free and proprietary software to use it.

The GTK team releases new versions on a regular basis. GTK 4 and GTK 3 are actively maintained, while GTK 2 is no longer supported. GTK 1 is independently maintained by the CinePaint project.
Cold Day in Hell (mixtape)
Cold Day in Hell is a mixtape by American rapper Freddie Gibbs. It was released on October 31, 2011. It was recorded between 2009 and 2011 with stops and assistance by Young Jeezy's Corporate Thugz. The mixtape features guest appearances from Young Jeezy himself, alongside other artists such as Dom Kennedy, Freeway, Juicy J, Sly Polaroid, Alley Boy, 2 Chainz and Scrilla, among others.

Str8 Killa
Str8 Killa is the third EP by rapper Freddie Gibbs. It was released on August 3, 2010 through Decon Records and Gibbs Family. It serves as commercial release of the Str8 Killa No Filla mixtape released one week prior to the EP. All songs but "The Coldest" and "Oil Money" are from the mixtape
Hibiscus leaves pickle
Hibiscus leaves pickle is a popular pickle in Andhra Pradesh made with fresh Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) or Gongura leaves, where it is known as Gongura pacchadi or Gongura Pickle. It is also consumed in Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Karnataka. In some of India's North-Eastern states, the plant is known as aamelli or mwitha. These sour/spicy pickles are also available commercially.

Gongura
Gongura (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. rubra), or Puntikura, or Gogaaku is a variety of the roselle plant grown for its edible leaves in India and in other countries like Fiji. These leaves are used in south-central Indian cuisine to impart a tart flavour. Gongura comes in two varieties, green stemmed leaf and red stemmed. The red stemmed variety is sourer than the green stemmed variety. Gongura is a rich source of iron, vitamins, folic acid and anti-oxidants essential for human nutrition.
Dragsaw
A dragsaw or drag saw is a large reciprocating saw using a long steel crosscut saw to buck logs to length. Prior to the popularization of the chainsaw during World War II, the dragsaw was a popular means of taking the hard work out of cutting wood. They would only work for a log on the ground. Dragsaws are known as the first mechanical saws to be used in the timber industry operation. These tools were most useful in the logging business, because they were efficient and very resilient. Not to be confused with a steam donkey.

Crosscut saw
A crosscut saw (thwart saw) is any saw designed for cutting wood perpendicular to (across) the wood grain. Crosscut saws may be small or large, with small teeth close together for fine work like woodworking or large for coarse work like log bucking, and can be a hand tool or power tool.

The cutting edge of each tooth is angled in an alternating pattern. This design allows each tooth to act like a knife edge and slice through the wood in contrast to a rip saw, which tears along the grain, acting like a miniature chisel. Some crosscut saws use special teeth, called rakers, designed to clean out the cut strips of wood from the kerf.
Crosscut saws generally have smaller teeth than rip saws.

Some saws, such as Japanese saws and those used by the ancient Egyptians, are designed to cut only on the pull stroke. Western saws, on the other hand, are designed to cut on the push stroke. Cross cut saws designed for log bucking and tree felling are designed to cut on the pull stroke.
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Coupled Model
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Coupled Model (GFDL CM2.5) is a coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) developed at the NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory in the United States. It is one of the leading climate models used in the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC, along with models developed at the Max Planck Institute for Climate Research, the Hadley Centre and the National Center for Atmospheric Research.

Met Office Hadley Centre
The Met Office Hadley Centre — named in honour of George Hadley —  is one of the United Kingdom's leading centres for the study of scientific issues associated with climate change.  It is part of, and based at the headquarters of the Met Office in Exeter.
Milwaukee Road class A2
The Milwaukee Road's A2 class comprised 47 compound steam locomotives of the 4-4-2 or 'Atlantic' configuration. The Milwaukee Road acquired them in five batches.

The first two batches of 9 and 19 locomotives (classes A2 and A2-a) were built by Baldwin Locomotive Works, and were Vauclain compound locomotives with 84 inches (2.13 m) drivers. The third batch (A2-b) of five locomotive was built by the Milwaukee Road in its Milwaukee, Wisconsin shops with 85 inches (2.159 m) drivers. The fourth batch (A2-c) of 12 engines was built by Baldwin as Vauclain compounds with 85 inches (2.159 m) drivers, while the last batch (A2) was for a pair of engines built by Baldwin as balanced compounds. All members of the class were scrapped between 1927 and 1930.

4-4-2 (locomotive)
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, 4-4-2 represents a configuration of a four-wheeled leading bogie, four powered and coupled driving wheels, and two trailing wheels supporting part of the weight of the boiler and firebox. This allows a larger firebox and boiler than the 4-4-0 configuration.

This wheel arrangement is commonly known as the Atlantic type, although it is also sometimes called a Milwaukee or 4-4-2 Milwaukee, after the Milwaukee Road, which employed it in high speed passenger service.
Tenant right to counsel
Tenant right to counsel (TRTC) is a proposed right that tenants should be provided with free legal representation, especially when tenants face eviction. As of 2023 in the United States, tenants are represented by lawyers in eviction cases 3% of the time, whereas landlords have legal representation in 80% of cases. TRTC is viewed as a form of homelessness prevention, but eviction potentially implicates a number of other basic human needs, such as child custody, education, employment, and physical/mental health.  Generally, tenant right to counsel programs have resulted in lower eviction rates, reduced rent arrears, and a sealed eviction records for tenants who cannot or do not want to stay in their homes.

TRTC programs aim to fix imbalances in legal representation between landlords and tenants as opposed to eviction mediation programs that seek to find agreements between largely unrepresented tenants and represented landlords.

Means test
A means test is a determination of whether an individual or family is eligible for government benefits, assistance or welfare, based upon whether the individual or family possesses the means to do with less or none of that help. Means testing is in opposition to universal coverage, which extends benefits to everyone. Means testing increases the administrative burden and can create perverse incentives.
Glossary of European Union concepts, acronyms, and jargon
European Union (EU) concepts, acronyms, and jargon are a terminology set that has developed as a form of shorthand, to quickly express a (formal) EU process, an (informal) institutional working practice, or an EU body, function or decision, and which is commonly understood among EU officials or external people who regularly deal with EU institutions.

European Committee of the Regions
The European Committee of the Regions (CoR) is the European Union's (EU) assembly of local and regional representatives that provides sub-national authorities (i.e. regions, counties, provinces, municipalities and cities) with a direct voice within the EU's institutional framework.

Established in 1994, the CoR was set up to address two main issues. First, about three quarters of EU legislation is implemented at local or regional level, so local and regional representatives needed to have a say in the development of new EU laws. Second, there were concerns about a widening gap between the public and the process of European integration; involving the elected level of government closest to the citizens was one way of closing the gap.
Paavo Vallius
Paavo Olavi Vallius (born 1949) is a Swedish politician and former member of the Riksdag, the national legislature. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he represented Västmanland County between October 1994 and October 1998; and between October 2002 and October 2006. He was also a substitute member of the Riksdag for Lena Hjelm-Wallén between October 1998 and September 2002. He is a Swedish Finn.

Lena Hjelm-Wallén
Lena Birgitta Hjelm-Wallén (born 14 January 1943) is a Swedish politician. In 1968 Hjelm-Wallén became a member of the Swedish Parliament (Riksdag) and she held several cabinet positions, starting in 1974 as the youngest minister to that date. A member of the Social Democratic party, she served as Minister for Education from 1982 to 1985, as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1994 to 1998 and as deputy prime minister from 1995 to 2002.

She has served as chair of the governing board of the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA), an intergovernmental organisation with 25 member states whose objective is supporting sustainable democratic change worldwide.
Ometepe (archaeological site)
Ometepe Island is an important archaeological site, located in the Lake Nicaragua in the Republic of Nicaragua, administratively belongs to the Rivas Department. Its name derives from the Nahuatl words ome (two) and tepetl (mountain), meaning two mountains, given that it is formed and practically the whole island is formed by two volcanoes: Concepción and Maderas.

Rivas Department
Rivas (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈriβas]) is a department of the Republic of Nicaragua. It covers an area of 2,162 km2 (835 sq mi) and has a population of 183,611 (2021 estimate). The department's capital is the city of Rivas. The indigenous inhabitants of Rivas are the Nicarao, and was the location of the pre-Columbian Nahua chiefdoms of Kwawkapolkan and Kakawatan.
Guppya
Guppya is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Euconulidae.

The species of this genus are found in America, Africa, Malesia.

Species:

Guppya angasi E.von Martens, 1892

Guppya bauri (Dall, 1892)

Guppya biolleyi E.von Martens, 1892

Guppya capsula Dall, 1926

Guppya coneyi

Guppya fulvoidea (Morelet, 1851)

Guppya gundlachi (L.Pfeiffer, 1840)

Guppya hallucinata E.A.Smith, 1898

Guppya jalisco Pilsbry, 1920

Guppya livida (Guilding, 1828)

Guppya miamiensis Pilsbry, 1903

Guppya micans (Angas, 1879)

Guppya micra Pilsbry, 1904

Guppya molengraaffi H.B.Baker, 1924

Guppya montanicola Dall, 1926

Guppya perforata Dall, 1926

Guppya semisculpta Thiele, 1928

Guppya sericea Ancey, 1901

Guppya socorroana Dall, 1926

Guppya spirulata (L.Pfeiffer, 1846)

Guppya sterkii (Dall, 1888)

Guppya gundlachi
Guppya gundlachi is a species of gastropod belonging to the family Euconulidae. Its specific epithet honors Juan Gundlach, a Cuban naturalist.

The species is found in Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, Florida, and northern South America.