hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 2509
NGC 2509 is an open cluster in the constellation of Puppis. It was discovered on 3 December 1783 by William Herschel. It was described as "bright, pretty rich, slightly compressed" by John Louis Emil Dreyer, the compiler of the New General Catalogue.

The cluster is about 14 light-years (4.2 parsecs) wide, but the cluster's other parameters remain poorly known. Some studies have estimated a distance of about 9,500 light-years (2,900 parsecs) away from the Solar System, while older estimates put it at only 2980 light-years (912 parsecs) away. Estimates of the cluster's age have also varied significantly, from 1.2 billion years old to 8 billion years old. The latest analysis based on the parallaxes measured by the Gaia spacecraft confirms that it is a relatively distant object, with a distance between 2500 and 3000 parsecs.

Puppis
Puppis ("stern") is a constellation in the southern sky. It was originally part of the traditional constellation of Argo Navis (Argo is the ship of Jason and the Argonauts), which was divided into three parts, the other two being Carina (the keel and hull), and Vela (the sails). Puppis is the largest of the three constellations in square degrees. It is one of the 88 modern constellations recognized by the International Astronomical Union.
Trading turret
A trading turret or dealer board is a specialized telephony key system that is generally used by financial traders on their trading desks.  Trading has progressed from floor trading through phone trading to electronic trading during the later half of the twentieth century with phone trading having dominated during the 1980s and 1990s.  Although most trading volume is now done via electronic trading platforms, some phone trading persists and trading turrets are common on trading desks of investment banks.

Trader (finance)
A trader is a person, firm, or entity in finance who buys and sells financial instruments, such as forex, cryptocurrencies, stocks, bonds, commodities, derivatives, and mutual funds, indices in the capacity of agent, hedger, arbitrager, or speculator.
Benedikt Guðmundsson
Benedikt Rúnar Guðmundsson (born 19 August 1972) is an Icelandic basketball coach. He has been named Úrvalsdeild karla Coach of the Year twice: in the 2006–07 season and in the 2008–09 season. In both seasons, he won the Icelandic men's championship KR. He has been named the Úrvalsdeild kvenna Coach of the year twice; in 2010, when he also won the Icelandic women's championship with KR, and in 2019.

Úrvalsdeild karla (basketball)
Úrvalsdeild karla (English: Men's Premier League), also known as Bónus deild karla for sponsorship reasons, is the highest men's professional basketball competition among clubs in Iceland, where play determines the national champion. It is organized by the Icelandic Basketball Federation (Icelandic: Körfuknattleikssamband Íslands - KKÍ).
The season consists of a home-and-away schedule of 22 games, followed by an eight-team playoff round. Quarterfinals, semifinals and finals series are best-of-five. The bottom clubs are relegated, and replaced by the top team from the regular-season phase and the four-team playoff round winner of the second-level First Division (Icelandic: 1. deild karla).
Waiaua River (Taranaki)
The Waiaua River is a river of the Taranaki Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows southwest from the slopes of Mount Taranaki to reach  the Tasman Sea at Ōpunake.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "waters containing herring" for Waiaua. Aua is usually translated as yellow-eye mullet.

Ōpunake
Ōpunake (Māori: [ɔːˈpʉnaˈkɛː]) is a small urban area in the North Island of New Zealand, located within the Taranaki region and governed by the South Taranaki District Council. Positioned along State Highway 45, it lies between Hāwera to the south and New Plymouth to the north. According to the New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage, the Māori meaning of Ōpunake is "the place of where the springs have always been".
Court Street (Boston)
Court Street (est. July 4, 1788) is located in the Financial District of Boston, Massachusetts. Prior to 1788, it was called Prison Lane (1634–1708) and then Queen Street (1708–1788). In the 19th century it extended beyond its current length, to Bowdoin Square. In the 1960s most of Court Street was demolished to make way for the construction of Government Center. The remaining street extends a few blocks, near the Old State House on State Street.

Financial District, Boston
The Financial District of Boston is located in Downtown Boston, near Government Center and Chinatown.

Like many areas within Boston, the Financial District has no official definition.  It is roughly bounded by Atlantic Avenue, State Street, and Devonshire Street.  Parts of the Financial District are in various USPS postal ZIP Codes, including 02108, 02109, 02110, and 02111.
1990 UC Davis Aggies football team
The 1990 UC Davis football team represented the University of California, Davis as a member of the Northern California Athletic Conference (NCAC) during the 1990 NCAA Division II football season. Led by second-year head coach Bob Foster, the Aggies compiled an overall record of 7–3 with a mark of 5–0 in conference play, winning the NCAC title for the 20th consecutive season. 1990 was the 21st consecutive winning season for the Aggies, and their 5–0 record in NCAC play extended the team's conference winning streak to 51 games dating back to the 1981 season. UC Davis outscored its opponents 234 to 166 for the season. The Aggies played home games at Toomey Field in Davis, California.

1981 UC Davis Aggies football team
The 1981 UC Davis Aggies football team represented the University of California, Davis as a member of the Far Western Conference (FWC) during the 1981 NCAA Division II football season. Led by 12th-year head coach Jim Sochor, UC Davis compiled an overall record of 6–4 with a mark of 4–1 in conference play, sharing the FWC title with Cal State Hayward. The Aggies were conference champions for the 11th consecutive season and had a winning record for the 12th straight year. UC Davis' loss to Humboldt State on October 10 broke a streak of 38 consecutive conference victories that started in the 1973 season. The team outscored its opponents 163 to 140 for the season. The Aggies played home games at Toomey Field in Davis, California.
World Anti-Slavery Convention
The World Anti-Slavery Convention met for the first time at Exeter Hall in London, on 12–23 June 1840. It was organised by the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, largely on the initiative of the English Quaker Joseph Sturge. The exclusion of women from the convention gave a great impetus to the women's suffrage movement in the United States.

Arthur Tappan
Arthur Tappan (May 22, 1786 – July 23, 1865) was an American businessman, philanthropist and abolitionist. He was the brother of Ohio Senator Benjamin Tappan and abolitionist Lewis Tappan, and nephew of Harvard Divinity School theologian Rev. David Tappan.: 37

He was a great-grandfather of Thornton Wilder.
South Bačka District
The South Bačka District (Serbian: Јужнобачки округ, romanized: Južnobački okrug, pronounced [jûʒnobâːtʃkiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the southern part of Bačka and northern part of Syrmia. According to the 2022 census, the South Bačka District has a population of 607,178 inhabitants. The administrative center of the district is the city of Novi Sad, which is also the administrative center and the largest city of the Vojvodina.

Bács-Bodrog County
Bács-Bodrog County (Hungarian: Bács-Bodrog vármegye, German: Komitat Batsch-Bodrog, Serbian: Бачко-бодрошка жупанија, romanized: Bačko-bodroška županija) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1802 to 1920. Most of its territory is currently part of Serbia, while a smaller part belongs to Hungary. The capital of the county was Zombor (present-day Sombor).
John Anson Ford Amphitheatre
The John Anson Ford Amphitheatre, officially nicknamed The Ford, is a music venue in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles, California. The 1,200-seat outdoor amphitheatre is situated within the Cahuenga Pass within the Santa Monica Mountains, directly across the U.S. 101 freeway from its official sister venue, the Hollywood Bowl. Located in a County regional park, the facility is owned by the County of Los Angeles and operated in partnership with the Ford Theatre Foundation and the Los Angeles County Department of Parks and Recreation. Built in 1920 and named after LA County Supervisor John Anson Ford in 1976, the Ford has been operated by the Los Angeles Philharmonic since 2020.

Santa Monica Mountains
The Santa Monica Mountains are a coastal mountain range in Southern California, next to the Pacific Ocean. It is part of the Transverse Ranges. The Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area protects nearly all of this mountain range, and extends beyond it in places. Because of its proximity to densely populated regions, it is one of the most visited natural areas in California.
SVOPC
SVOPC (Sinusoidal Voice Over Packet Coder) is a compression method for audio which is used by VoIP applications. It is a lossy speech compression codec designed specifically towards communication channels suffering from packet loss. It uses more bandwidth than best bandwidth-optimised codecs, but it is packet loss resistant instead.

Skype Limited developed a codec called 'SVOPC' for Skype. It was first used in Skype 3.2 beta 53, released on March 28, 2007. Starting with Skype 4.0, SVOPC is replaced by SILK.

Packet loss
Packet loss occurs when one or more packets of data travelling across a computer network fail to reach their destination. Packet loss is either caused by errors in data transmission, typically across wireless networks, or network congestion.: 36  Packet loss is measured as a percentage of packets lost with respect to packets sent.

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) detects packet loss and performs retransmissions to ensure reliable messaging. Packet loss in a TCP connection is also used to avoid congestion and thus produces an intentionally reduced throughput for the connection.

In real-time applications like streaming media or online games, packet loss can affect a user's quality of experience (QoE).
Tom Van Sickle
Tom Van Sickle (June 22, 1937 – July 3, 2016) was an American politician who served as the Treasurer of Kansas from 1973 to 1975. He previously served in Kansas House of Representatives from 1959 to 1961 and in the Kansas Senate from 1961 to 1973.

He died on July 3, 2016, in Olathe, Kansas at age 79.

Kansas State Treasurer
The state treasurer of Kansas is the chief custodian of Kansas's cash deposits, monies from bond sales, and other securities and collateral and directs the investments of those assets. The treasurer provides for the safe and efficient operation of state government through effective banking, investment, and cash management.

The treasurer oversees an office that currently handles over $20 billion and an annual operating budget of $3.5 million. Key programs in the office are Bonds Services, Cash Management, Unclaimed Property, the Ag Loan and Housing Loan Deposit Programs and the Kansas 529 Education Savings Program, which has more than 143,000 accounts with total assets of over $2.7 billion. The Treasurer's office is a fee-funded agency. The treasurer also serves as a member of the Kansas Public Employee's Retirement System (KPERS) and the Pooled Money Investment Board.
Sonny Echono
Arc.Sunday Sylva Togo Echono OON (born 16 December 1962) is a Nigerian diplomat, and architect who serves as the 9th Executive Secretary of Tertiary Education Trust Fund from 2022 till-date. Previously, Echono served as the Secretary of the Admissions Committee of the Nigerian Institute of Architects and the 28th President of the Nigerian Institute of Architects from 2019 to 2021.

Sonny Echono was nominated by the Board of TETfund in early 2022 and was subsequently appointed as the substantive 9th Executive Secretary (ES) of TETfund on March 18, 2022, by former President Muhammad Buhari.

Federal Ministry of Power (Nigeria)
Federal Ministry of Power is an arm of the Federal government of Nigeria with the responsibilities of  providing social amenities such as Electricity across the country. The Ministry in discharging this mandate is guided by the provisions of the laws provided under National Electric Power Policy (NEPP) of 2001, the Electric Power Sector Reform (EPSR) Act of 2005, Rural Electrification Implementation Strategy Plan 2016 and the Roadmap for Power Sector Reform of August 2010.
Medieval commune
Medieval communes in the European Middle Ages had sworn allegiances of mutual defense (both physical defense and of traditional freedoms) among the citizens of a town or city. These took many forms and varied widely in organization and makeup.

Communes are first recorded in the late 11th and early 12th centuries, thereafter becoming a widespread phenomenon. They had greater development in central-northern Italy, where they became city-states based on partial democracy. At the same time in Germany they became free cities, independent from local nobility.

Republic of Sassari
The Free Municipality of Sassari or Republic of Sassari was a state in the region of Sassari in Sardinia during the 13th and 14th centuries, confederated first with the Republic of Pisa as a semi-autonomous subject and later with the Republic of Genoa as a nominally independent ally. It was the first and only independent city-state of Sardinia during the early renaissance.
Howard Friel
Howard Friel is an American scholar and author, who writes about foreign policy, public international law, international humanitarian law, human rights, civil liberties, and science-related issues. He wrote The Lomborg Deception: Setting the Record Straight About Global Warming (Yale University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-300-16103-8), a critique of Bjørn Lomborg's books The Skeptical Environmentalist and Cool It: The Skeptical Environmentalist's Guide to Global Warming.

He also co-authored Israel-Palestine on Record: How the New York Times Misreports Conflict in the Middle East with Richard Falk (Verso, 2007). He co-authored The Record of the Paper: How the New York Times Misreports US Foreign Policy with Richard Falk (Verso, 2004, ISBN 978-1-84467-019-2).

In 1995, Friel edited Guns and the Constitution: The Myth of Second Amendment Protection for Firearms in America with Dennis Henigan.

Verso Books
Verso Books (formerly New Left Books) is a publishing house based in London and New York City. Founded in 1970 by the staff of the New Left Review, it has Tariq Ali and Perry Anderson on its board of directors. According to its website, it is the largest independent, radical publishing house in the English-speaking world, publishing one hundred books a year. Harper's described it as "Anglo-America's preeminent radical press," and The Sunday Times called it "a rigorously intelligent publisher."
2nd Armoured Regiment (Poland)
Poland raised the 2nd Polish Armoured Regiment in France on 29 January 1940 as the 2nd Tank Battalion and fought under this title in the French campaign of 1940. Members of the regiment reformed in Scotland on 13 November 1942 after the fall of France adopting the designation of 2nd Armoured Regiment. The reconstituted unit returned to France in late July 1944 as a part of the 10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade, 1st (Polish) Armoured Division. . Its most memorable action in Normandy being it first, one fought at Saint-Aignan on 8 August 1944; a battle which is still commemorated annually by the regiment.

Following the Normandy campaign the unit saw action in Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany. The cease-fire in May 1945 found them in northwestern Germany.

Today the traditions of the regiment are continued by the modern 10th (Polish) Armoured Brigade stationed in Świętoszów, Poland.

10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland)
The Polish 10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Polish: 10 Brygada Kawalerii Pancernej) was an armoured formation of the Polish Armed Forces in the West. It was organized in France during World War II as part of the Polish Army in France, mostly by veterans of the 10th Motorized Cavalry Brigade who managed to escape from German and Soviet occupied Poland. Led by General Stanisław Maczek, it took part in the Battle of France in May 1940. It was later reformed in Great Britain as a part of the 1st Armoured Division.
Rik Fox
Richard Suligowski (born December 28, 1955), better known as Rik Fox, is an American heavy metal bassist. He was active mainly during the 1970s and 1980s, in the New York City and Hollywood area rock and metal scenes.

Mick Brown (musician)
Michael J. Brown (born September 8, 1956), also known as "Wild" Mick Brown, is an American retired drummer who played in the rock bands Dokken, Lynch Mob, The End Machine, and Xciter, as well as in Ted Nugent's band.
Hugh Delahunty
Hugh Francis Delahunty (born 28 June 1949) is an Australian politician. He was a National Party member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 1999 to 2014, representing the electorates of Wimmera (1999–2002) and Lowan (2002–2014). He served as Minister for Sport and Recreation and Minister for Veterans Affairs in the Baillieu and Napthine Coalition governments from 2010 to 2014. Delahunty is the brother of former state Labor minister Mary Delahunty.

Ted Baillieu
Edward Norman Baillieu AO (born 31 July 1953) is a former Australian politician who was Premier of Victoria from 2010 to 2013. He was a Liberal Party member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 1999 to 2014, representing the electorate of Hawthorn. He was elected leader of the Liberal Party in opposition in 2006, and served as Premier from 2010 until 2013 after winning the 2010 state election. He resigned as Premier on 6 March 2013, and was succeeded by Denis Napthine.
New Mexico State Road 540
State Road 540 (NM 540) is a 4.4-mile-long (7.1 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 540's western terminus is at the end of state maintenance west of Logan, and the eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 54 (US 54) in Logan.

U.S. Route 54 in New Mexico
U.S. Route 54 (US 54) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that travels from Griggsville, Illinois, to El Paso, Texas. In the U.S. state of New Mexico, US 54 extends from the Texas state line by Chaparral, New Mexico, and ends at the Texas state line by Nara Visa, New Mexico. The highway runs for 356.176 miles (573.210 km) in New Mexico. Nationally an east–west route but is signed as a north–south route through the state.
Symphony No. 22 (Michael Haydn)
Michael Haydn's Symphony No. 22 in F major, Perger 14, Sherman 23, Sherman-adjusted 22, MH 284, was written in Salzburg in 1779. The symphony is scored for two oboes, two bassoons, two horns, and strings. It is in three movements:

This symphony is the second of four by Michael Haydn to include a slow introduction before the first movement (the others are Symphonies Nos. 21, 27, and 30). All four were written between 1778 and 1785 and attached to symphonies cast in three movements (without minuets).

F major
F major is a major scale based on F, with the pitches F, G, A, B♭, C, D, and E. Its key signature has one flat. Its relative minor is D minor and its parallel minor is F minor.

The F major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The F harmonic major and melodic major scales are:

F major is the home key of the English horn, the basset horn, the horn in F, the trumpet in F and the bass Wagner tuba. Thus, music in F major for these transposing instruments is written in C major. These instruments sound a perfect fifth lower than written, with the exception of the trumpet in F which sounds a fourth higher.
RAF Moffat
Royal Air Force Moffat or more simply RAF Moffat, was a World War II Royal Air Force station located in Gweru, Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). It was established in 1941 as part of the Rhodesian Air Training Group under the Empire Air Training Scheme. It provided flight training to Commonwealth pilot cadets from 1941 until disbandment in 1945.

Gweru
Gweru, historically known as Gwelo, is the capital city of Zimbabwe's Midlands Province. Founded in 1894 as a military outpost by Leander Starr Jameson. the settlement grew from an area originally called "The Steep Place" by the Ndebele people, a reference to the high banks of the Gweru River. It achieved municipal status in 1914 and was declared a city in 1971.

As of the 2022 Zimbabwe census, Gweru has a population of 121,712 in the Rural district and 161,292 in the Urban district. The city serves as a regional hub for agriculture, particularly beef cattle ranching, crop farming and commercial gardening for export. In addition to its economic role, Gweru is an educational centre home to institutions such as Midlands State University, Mkoba Teachers College and Gweru Polytechnic. The city is nicknamed City of Progress.
Samuel Ealy Johnson Jr.
Samuel Ealy Johnson Jr. (October 11, 1877 – October 23, 1937) was an American politician, businessman, and farmer who served six terms as a Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives in the 29th, 30th, 35th, 37th, and 38th Legislatures. Residing in the Texas Hill Country, he faced challenges as a farmer and cattle speculator. Johnson was the father of Lyndon B. Johnson, the 36th President of the United States, and the son of Samuel Ealy Johnson Sr.

Texas Legislature
The Texas State Legislature is the legislative branch of Texas. The Texas Legislature is a bicameral body composed of a 31-member Senate and a 150-member House of Representatives. It meets every two years in regular session, starting on the second Tuesday in January of odd-numbered years, and sessions can last up to 140 days. It’s a powerful part of the Texas government because of its control over state spending, its strong connection to the lieutenant governor, and Texas’s plural executive system.

In the 89th Legislature (2025), Republicans hold 88 of the 150 seats in the House and 20 of the 31 seats in the Senate.
2018 Lima Challenger
The 2018 Lima Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the twelfth edition of the tournament, part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Lima, Peru between October 22 and October 27, 2018.

2018 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2018, was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2018 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 159 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $50,000 up to $150,000. It was the 41st edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 10th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Aristonymus (writer)
Aristonymus (Ancient Greek: Ἀριστώνυμος) was a comic playwright and contemporary of Aristophanes and Ameipsias. We know the titles of only two of his comedies, Theseus, and Helios Shivering (Ἥλιος ῾ριγῶν), of which only a few fragments are extant.

Scholars Johann Schweighäuser and Johann Albert Fabricius placed this writer in the reign of Ptolemy Philadelphus, which later scholars came to regard as an error derived from possibly incorrect information in Aristonymus's entry in the Suda, in which this Aristonymus appears to be confused with a different Aristonymus who was a grammarian. The Suda also indicates that this Aristonymus was the Librarian of Alexandria, though we know that was also a mistake, and intended to refer not to an Aristonymus but to Aristophanes of Byzantium instead.

Suda
The Suda or Souda (/ˈsuːdə/; Medieval Greek: Σοῦδα Soûda [ˈsuða]; Latin: Suidae Lexicon) is a large 10th-century Byzantine encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean world, formerly attributed to an author called Soudas (Σούδας) or Souidas (Σουίδας). It is an encyclopedic lexicon, written in Greek, with 30,000 entries, many drawing from ancient sources that have since been lost, and often derived from medieval Christian compilers.