hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zhang Zhaoda
Zhang Zhaoda (517–19 January 571), courtesy name Botong, was a military general of the Liang and Chen during the Northern and Southern dynasties period. During the Hou Jing Disturbance, he raised troops in support of the Liang and became a prominent general through his association with the future Emperor Wen of Chen. Following the establishment of the Chen dynasty, he led several successful campaigns to pacify and consolidate the empire's territory in the southeast and far south, defeating the warlords Zhou Di, Chen Baoying and Ouyang He. He also led the first northern expedition of the Taijian era under Emperor Xuan of Chen, though the campaign yielded minimal success and he soon died of illness.

Hou Jing
Hou Jing (Chinese: 侯景; pinyin: Hóu Jǐng; died c.26 May 552), courtesy name Wanjing (萬景), was a Chinese military general, monarch, and politician. He was a general of Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, and Liang, and briefly, after controlling the Liang imperial regime for several years, usurped the Liang throne, establishing a state of Han. He was soon defeated by the Liang prince Xiao Yi, the prince of Xiangdong, and was killed by his own associates while in flight. The entire period from 548–552 is known as the Hou Jing or Houjing Disturbance (侯景之亂). Hou Jing is one of the most reviled figures in imperial Chinese history, known for his extreme cruelty to enemies and civilians. He is also known to have called himself "Grand General of the Universe, Chief Controller of all Military Affairs in the Six Directions" (宇宙大將軍、都督六合諸軍事).
Show-cause penalty
In the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), a show-cause penalty is an administrative punishment ordering that any NCAA penalties imposed on a coach found to have committed major rules violations will stay in effect against that coach for a specified period of time—and could also be transferred to any other NCAA-member school that hires the coach while the sanctions are still in effect.

NC State Wolfpack men's basketball
The NC State Wolfpack men's basketball team represents North Carolina State University in NCAA Division I men's basketball competition. NC State is one of the seven founding members of the Atlantic Coast Conference.  Prior to joining the ACC in 1954, the Wolfpack were members of the Southern Conference, where they won seven conference championships. As a member of the ACC, the Wolfpack has won 11 conference championships, as well as two national championships in 1974 and 1983.

Since 1999, the Pack has played most of its home games at Lenovo Center, which is also where the NCAA championship trophies are kept. Prior to 1999, they played at Reynolds Coliseum.
Pedja (river)
The Pedja (Estonian: Pedja jõgi) is the fourth longest river in Estonia. Its source is near Simuna on the southern slopes of the Pandivere Upland. The river flows for 122 km through Lääne-Viru, Jõgeva and Tartu counties before joining the Emajõgi northeast of Lake Võrtsjärv. The last 4 km section of the river after confluence with Põltsamaa is known as the Pede. The largest settlement on the river is Jõgeva.

The Pedja is also the origin of the name of Alam-Pedja Nature Reserve, a large protected area on the river's lower reaches.

Emajõgi
The Emajõgi (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈemɑ.jɤgi]; lit. 'Mother river') is a river in Estonia which flows from Lake Võrtsjärv through Tartu County into Lake Peipus, crossing the city of Tartu for 10 km (6.2 mi). It has a length of 100 km (62 mi).

The Emajõgi is sometimes called the Suur Emajõgi ('Great Emajõgi'), in contrast with the Väike Emajõgi ('Little Emajõgi'), another river which flows into the southern end of Lake Võrtsjärv.

The Emajõgi is the second-largest river in Estonia by discharge and the only fully navigable river.
Vermont Standard
The Vermont Standard is the oldest continuously-published weekly newspaper in the U.S State of Vermont. It is based in Woodstock, Vermont. The newspaper was founded in 1853 and covers local sports, business and community events serving the town of Woodstock and the surrounding communities of Windsor County. The Vermont Standard began as an anti-alcohol publication known as the Vermont Temperance Standard. It is now owned by Phillip Camp Sr. who began working for the Standard in 1952 while still in high school. The Vermont Standard has a weekly paid circulation of 5,200 copies.

Woodstock, Vermont
Woodstock is the shire town (county seat) of Windsor County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 3,005. It includes the villages of Woodstock, South Woodstock, Taftsville, and West Woodstock.
Libertina
Libertina  was a town of the Roman province of Byzacena in North Africa during the Roman Empire. The town is tentatively identified with ruins near Souc-El-Arba, Tunisia.

The town was also the seat of a Christian bishopric, which survives as an ancient suppressed and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church in North Africa.
During the 5th century the Catholic Bishop Victor and his Donatist rival, bishop Januarius, exchanged heated words at the Council of Carthage in 411. There appears to have been sectarian violence in Libertina during the lead up to the council.

The current bishop Andreas Laun of  Salzburg, Austria. resigned in October 2017.

Byzacena
Byzacena (or Byzacium; Ancient Greek: Βυζάκιον, romanized: Byzakion) was a Late Roman province in the central part of Roman North Africa, which is now roughly Tunisia, split off from Africa Proconsularis.
Dry Creek station
Dry Creek station is a light rail station in Centennial, Colorado, United States. It is served by the E and R Lines, operated by the Regional Transportation District (RTD), and was opened on November 17, 2006. The station features a public art installation of a series of stainless steel tubes holding hourglasses that contain pyrite entitled Fools Gold. It was created by John McEnroe and dedicated in 2006.

E Line (RTD)
The E Line is a light rail line which is part of the rail system operated by the Regional Transportation District in the Denver metropolitan area in Colorado. The line was added to the system on November 17, 2006, with the completion of the Southeast Corridor as part of the T-REX Project. It is one of four routes that are part of the RTD's service plan for the corridor.
Beremiany, Ternopil Oblast
Beremiany (Ukrainian: Берем'яни) is a village in Chortkiv Raion (district) of Ternopil Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. It belongs to Buchach urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Beremiany belonged to Buchach Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Buchach Raion was merged into Chortkiv Raion.

Buchach urban hromada
Buchach urban territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Бучацька територіальна громада, romanized: Buchatska miska terytorialna hromada) is a hromada in Ukraine, in Chortkiv Raion of Ternopil Oblast. The administrative center is the city of Buchach. Its population is 37,323 (2022 estimate)
2023 San Antonio Brahmas season
The 2023 San Antonio Brahmas season was the first season for the San Antonio Brahmas as a professional American football franchise. They are members of the XFL, one of eight teams to compete in the league for the 2023 season. The Brahmas played their home games at the Alamodome and were led by head coach Hines Ward.

Alamodome
The Alamodome is a 64,000-seat domed indoor multi-purpose stadium in San Antonio, Texas. It is located on the southeastern fringe of downtown San Antonio. The facility opened on May 15, 1993, having been constructed at a cost of $186 million.

The multi-purpose facility was intended to increase the city's convention traffic and attract a professional football franchise.  It also placated the San Antonio Spurs' demands for a larger arena.  The Spurs played in the Alamodome for a decade, then became disenchanted with the facility and convinced Bexar County to construct a new arena for them, now called the Frost Bank Center. The Alamodome's regular tenant is currently the UTSA Roadrunners. Recent tenants include the San Antonio Commanders of the Alliance of American Football,  the San Antonio Brahmas of the United Football League, and the San Antonio Talons of the Arena Football League.
The Dream of the Red Chamber (1977 film)
The Dream of the Red Chamber (Traditional Chinese: 金玉良緣紅樓夢; Simplified Chinese: 金玉良缘红楼梦) is a 1977 film adaptation of the 18th-Century Chinese novel by Cao Xueqin with the same name. It stars Brigitte Lin as protagonist Jia Baoyu, and Sylvia Chang as his cousin Lin Daiyu. The film is told in the style of Huangmei Opera, and follows the style's tradition of cross-gender acting, where a female actor portrays a male character. This is the second adaptation of the novel from the Shaw Brothers, the first being Dream of the Red Chamber (1963) starring Betty Loh Ti.

The film was nominated for two categories at the 15th Golden Horse Awards, and won Best Art Direction.

Li Han-hsiang
Richard Li Han-hsiang (Chinese: 李翰祥; pinyin: Lǐ Hànxiáng; 7 March 1926 in Jinxi, Liaoning – 17 December 1996 in Beijing) was a Chinese film director. Li directed more than 70 films in his career beginning in the 1950s and lasting till the 1990s. His The Enchanting Shadow, The Magnificent Concubine, and Empress Wu Tse-Tien were entered into the Cannes Film Festival in 1960, 1962, and 1963 respectively.

Li also won the Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards for his work on the movie Xi Shi in 1965. Most of his movies in the 1970s and 1980s were Chinese historical dramas. He died in Beijing due to a heart attack. He was seventy.
Underhill State Park
Underhill State Park is a state park in Underhill, Vermont.  It is situated on the west slope of 4,300 feet Mount Mansfield, in the 39,837-acre Mount Mansfield State Forest.  Activities includes hiking, camping, mountain biking, stream fishing, wildlife watching, and picnicking.  Facilities include group and individual camping areas, a picnic shelter, and hiking trails.  The park is formally open between Memorial Day weekend and Columbus Day weekend, but is accessible for periods outside those times; fees are charged.  Much of the park's infrastructure was built by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) in the 1930s; these facilities were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Underhill, Vermont
Underhill is a town in Chittenden County in the U.S. state of Vermont. The population was 3,129 at the 2020 census.

The town of Underhill shares a fire department with Jericho, the Underhill-Jericho Fire Department.
The Toyes
The Toyes are an American reggae band based in Grants Pass, Oregon. Their style has been described as a "cross between Bob Marley and Barenaked Ladies". They are the original songwriters and recorders of the song "Smoke Two Joints". It was originally recorded in 1982, and was re-released on their 1993 debut album The Toyes.  It was featured on the soundtrack for the 1998 American comedy-thriller film Homegrown.  An influential version was recorded by the band Sublime; the song has since been mistakenly attributed to them or to Bob Marley. The Toyes also wrote and performed a song called "Monster Hash", a parody of Bobby "Boris" Pickett's "Monster Mash".

The Toyes are composed of Mawg on Lead Vocals and Lead Guitar, B-dub on Vocals and Rhythm Guitar, John Trujillo on Vocals and Bass Guitar and Brian Rogers on Drums.

Grants Pass, Oregon
Grants Pass is a city in and the county seat of Josephine County, Oregon, United States. The city is located on Interstate 5, northwest of Medford, along the Rogue River. The population is 39,194 according to the 2020 census, making it the 15th most populous city in Oregon.
Adrián Villar Rojas
Adrián Villar Rojas (born 1980 in Rosario, Argentina) is an Argentinian sculptor known for his elaborate fantastical works which explore notions of the Anthropocene and the end of the world. In his dream like installations he uses aspects of drawing, sculpture, video and music to create immersive situations in which the spectator is confronted with ideas and images of their imminent extinction.

Istanbul Biennial
The Istanbul Biennial is a contemporary art exhibition that has been held biennially in Istanbul, Turkey, since 1987. The Biennial has been organised by the Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts (IKSV) since its inception.
PFAS litigation and regulations by country
PFAS have been a subject of multiple lawsuits worldwide. In the United States, settlements stemming from PFAS pollution claims have reached $18 billion by 2024. In 2023, Sweden's Supreme Court set a legal precedent by awarding damages to citizens who were supplied PFAS contaminated drinking water.

Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) (conjugate base perfluorohexanesulfonate) is a synthetic chemical compound. It is one of many compounds collectively known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). It is an anionic fluorosurfactant and a persistent organic pollutant with bioaccumulative properties. Although the use of products containing PFHxS and other PFASs have been banned or are being phased out in many jurisdictions, it remains ubiquitous in many environments and within the general population, and is one of the most commonly detected PFASs.
Statue of Hiawatha
The Statue of Hiawatha was a monument located at Riverside Park in La Crosse, Wisconsin. The statue was created by Anthony Zimmerhakl and overlooked the convergence of three rivers at Riverside Park: the Mississippi River, Black River, and the La Crosse River.

It had been built with the intention of drawing tourism to the area and was based on a fictionalized version of Hiawatha, a 16th-century Native American chief who had no connection to local tribes. Long standing public debate about whether the statue was offensive or presented a caricature based on stereotypes of Native Americans eventually led to its removal in 2020, nearly 60 years after it was erected.

Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin
The Ho-Chunk Nation (Ho-Chunk language: Hoocąk) is a federally recognized tribe of the Ho-Chunk with traditional territory across five states in the United States: Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, and Missouri. The other federally recognized tribe of Ho-Chunk people is the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska. The tribe separated when its members were forcibly relocated first to an eastern part of Iowa known as the Neutral Ground, then to Minnesota, South Dakota and later to the current reservation in Nebraska.

Historically, the surrounding Algonquin tribes referred to them by a term that evolved to Winnebago, which was later used as well as by the French and English. The Ho-Chunk Nation have always called themselves Ho-Chunk. The name Ho-Chunk comes from the word Hocaagra (Ho meaning "voice", cąk meaning "sacred", ra being a definitive article) meaning "People of the Sacred Voice".
2003 NCAA Division I field hockey tournament
The 2003 NCAA Division I field hockey tournament was the 23rd annual tournament organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the national champion of women's collegiate field hockey among its Division I members in the United States.

Wake Forest won their second championship, defeating Duke in the final, 3–1.

The semifinals and championship were played at Richard F. Garber Field in Amherst, Massachusetts, hosted by the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

NCAA Division I field hockey tournament
The NCAA Division I field hockey tournament is an American intercollegiate field hockey tournament conducted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and determines the Division I national champion. The tournament has been held annually since 1981.

The championship is contested exclusively by women's teams and there is no equivalent NCAA men's field hockey championship.

The most successful team is the North Carolina Tar Heels, who have eleven titles. In addition, North Carolina has finished national runner-up an NCAA record eleven times.

The most recent championship, in 2025, was won by the Northwestern Wildcats.
Statue of Robert Fulton
Robert Fulton is a marble sculpture depicting the American engineer and inventor of the same name by Howard Roberts, installed at the United States Capitol's National Statuary Hall, in Washington, D.C., as part of the National Statuary Hall Collection. The statue was gifted by the U.S. state of Pennsylvania in 1889.

National Statuary Hall Collection
The National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is composed of statues donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. Limited to two statues per state, the collection was originally set up in the old Hall of the House of Representatives, which was then renamed National Statuary Hall. The expanding collection has since been spread throughout the Capitol and its visitor center.

With the addition of New Mexico's second statue in 2005, the collection is complete with 100 statues contributed by 50 states, plus two from the District of Columbia (see Statues of the National Statuary Hall Collection). Since Congress authorized replacements in 2000, fourteen states have replaced at least one of their original two statues. In 2022, Kansas became the first state to replace both of its statues; it has been joined by Arkansas and Nebraska.
Larissa (regional unit)
Larissa (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Λάρισας) is one of the regional units of Greece, located in the region of Thessaly. Its capital is the city of Larissa, after which it is named. According to the 2021 census, it has a total population of 268,963.

Greek National Road 1
Greek National Road 1 (Greek: Εθνική Οδός 1, abbreviated as EO1) is the old single carriageway road connecting Athens with Thessaloniki and Evzonoi, the border crossing between Greece and North Macedonia. For most of its length, it has been replaced by the new A1 motorway.
Kastamonu Province
Kastamonu Province (Turkish: Kastamonu ili) is a province of Turkey, in the Black Sea region in the north of the country. It is surrounded by Sinop to the east, Bartın, Karabük to the west, Çankırı to the south, Çorum to the southeast and the Black Sea to the north. Its area is 13,064 km2, and its population is 378,115 (2022). The population density is 29 inhabitants per km2. The provincial capital Kastamonu has a population of 128,707 (2022).

Provinces of Turkey
Turkey is divided into 81 provinces (Turkish: il). Each province is divided into a number of districts (ilçe). Each provincial government is seated in the central district (merkez ilçe). For non-metropolitan municipality designated provinces, the central district bears the name of the province (e.g. the city/district of Rize is the central district of Rize Province). In the Ottoman Empire, the corresponding unit was the vilayet.

Each province is administered by an appointed governor (vali) from the Ministry of the Interior.
Nowy Dwór, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Nowy Dwór [ˈnɔvɨ ˈdvur] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krasocin, within Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 1 km (1 mi) south-west of Krasocin, 11 km (7 mi) east of Włoszczowa, and 36 km (22 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

Krasocin
Krasocin [kraˈsɔt͡ɕin] is a village in Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Krasocin. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) east of Włoszczowa and 36 km (22 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.
2022 Big Ten softball tournament
The 2022 Big Ten softball tournament was held at Secchia Stadium in East Lansing, Michigan, from May 11 through May 14, 2022. As the tournament winner, Nebraska earned the Big Ten Conference's automatic bid to the 2022 NCAA Division I softball tournament. All games of the tournament were aired on BTN. This was the first tournament since 2019, after the previous two tournaments were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

2019 Big Ten softball tournament
The 2019 Big Ten softball tournament was held at Andy Mohr Field on the campus of Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana from May 9 through May 11, 2019. As the tournament winner, Michigan earned the Big Ten Conference's automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA Division I softball tournament. All games of the tournament aired on BTN.
Huss & Dalton
Huss & Dalton Guitar Company is an acoustic guitar and banjo manufacturer in Staunton, Virginia.  The company was started on October 1, 1995, by luthiers Jeff Huss and Mark Dalton. Their first shop was located in the Mennonite community of Stuarts Draft, Virginia.  They moved to their current location in Staunton in 1999.  According to the company, the founders wanted to build an acoustic guitar that paid homage to guitar tradition while incorporating improvements in structural design and cosmetics.
The company currently operates on a small scale, producing around 250 instruments per year in a two-story brick workshop.

Staunton, Virginia
Staunton (/ˈstæntən/ STAN-tən) is an independent city in the U.S. Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,750. In Virginia, independent cities are separate jurisdictions from the counties that surround them, so the government offices of Augusta County are in Verona, which is contiguous to Staunton. Staunton is a principal city of the Staunton-Stuarts Draft Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had a 2020 population of 125,433. Staunton is known for being the birthplace of Woodrow Wilson, the 28th U.S. president, and as the home of Mary Baldwin University, historically a women's college. The city is also home to Stuart Hall, a private co-ed preparatory school, as well as the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind. It was the first city in the United States with a fully defined city manager system.
Bremen Cotton Exchange
The Bremen Cotton Exchange (German: Bremer Baumwollbörse) was built in 1902 on the market square in Bremen, Germany, to house the offices of the city's cotton exchange founded in 1872. Johann Poppe's Neo-Renaissance facades and carefully finished interiors can still be seen today.

Bremer Marktplatz
The Bremer Marktplatz (Bremen Market Square) is a square situated in the centre of the Hanseatic City of Bremen. One of the oldest public squares in the city, it covers an area of 3,484 m2 (37,500 sq ft). It is no longer used as a market place except for the Christmas market and the annual Freimarkt Fair at the end of October.
Fatty aldehyde
Fatty aldehydes are aliphatic, long-chain aldehydes which may be mono- or polyunsaturated. The fatty aldehydes include compounds such as octanal, nonanal, decanal or dodecanal. The nomenclature is derived from the nomenclature of the alkanes, the ending -al is added to indicate the aldehyde group.

Nonanal
Nonanal is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)7CHO.  It is one of several isomers, all are colorless oil.  The nonanals are classified as aldehydes.  The linear nonanal is produced commercially by the hydroformylation of 1-octene.  It is used as a fragrance.
Češnjice, Sevnica
Češnjice (pronounced [ˈtʃeːʃnjitsɛ]; German: Kerschdorf) is a small settlement in the hills south of Boštanj in the Municipality of Sevnica in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

Boštanj, Sevnica
Boštanj (pronounced [bɔˈʃtaːn] or [ˈboːʃtan]; in older sources also Gorenji Boštanj, German: Obersavenstein, Savenstein, Sowenstein, or Sawenstein) is a village in the Lower Sava Valley in southeastern Slovenia. It consists of a nucleated centre on two terraces on the right bank of the Sava River along the main road from Celje to Krško, and two hamlets, Puše and Redna, on the slopes of the nearby hills. It is the central settlement of the local community, the largest local community in the Municipality of Sevnica. The village has a post office, a fire station, a primary school, two shops, a gas station, two bars, a restaurant, and a cultural hall named the TVD Partizan Hall (Dom TVD Partizan). It is surrounded by fields and orchards.