hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2003 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 2003 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Augsburg, Germany under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for the record-tying third time. It was the 28th edition. Augsburg hosted the championships previously in 1957 and 1985 when the city was part of West Germany, and matches the times hosted by Spittal, Austria (1963, 1965, 1977), Meran, Italy (1953, 1971, 1983), and Bourg St.-Maurice, France (1969, 1987, 2002).

Competitions were held at the Augsburg Eiskanal facility which was built for the 1972 Summer Olympics.

1983 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1983 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Meran, Italy under the auspices of International Canoe Federation for a record-tying third time, matching the record set by Spittal, Austria (1963, 1965, 1977). It was the 18th edition. Meran hosted the event previously in 1953 and 1971. The mixed C2 event was discontinued and the program remained unchanged until the 2009 Championships.
Thomas Noble (MP)
Thomas Noble (c.1656 – 3 May 1730) was a British politician.

Born around 1656, Noble was the eldest son of Thomas Noble of Rearsby, an alderman of Leicester. He was elected a tory Member of Parliament for Leicester in a by-election on 3 February 1719, and served until the general election of 1722. He did not stand for parliament again.

Noble married twice, firstly to Mary Harvey before 1693, with whom he had a son and a daughter. On 13 October 1702 he married Mary Keyt, daughter of Sir William Keyt, 2nd Baronet and sister of the 3rd baronet. The second marriage was childless. Noble died on 3 May 1730.

Sir William Keyt, 3rd Baronet
Sir William Keyt, 3rd Baronet (8 July 1688 –1741) of Norton House, Gloucestershire, was a British landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1722 to 1735. He died at his house in a catastrophic fire of his own creation and the garden which remained, and was restored, gave rise to the  poem Burnt Norton by T. S. Eliot.
École Niedermeyer de Paris
The École Niedermeyer (English: Niedermeyer School) was a Paris school for church music, founded in 1853 by Louis Niedermeyer as successor to the Institution royale de musique classique et religieuse, which had been established and run by Alexandre Choron between 1817 and 1834.

Roger Nichols (musical scholar)
Roger David Edward Nichols (born 6 April 1939) is an English musicologist, critic, translator and author. After an early career as a university lecturer he became a full-time freelance writer in 1980. He is particularly known for his works on French music, including books about Claude Debussy, Olivier Messiaen, Maurice Ravel, Francis Poulenc and the Parisian musical scene of the years after the First World War. Among his translations are the English versions of the standard biography of Gabriel Fauré by Jean-Michel Nectoux and of Harry Halbreich's study of Arthur Honegger.
DVD region code
DVD region codes are a digital rights management technique introduced in 1997. It is designed to allow rights holders to control the international distribution of a DVD release, including its content, release date, and price, all according to the appropriate region.

This is achieved by way of region-locked DVD players, which will play back only DVDs encoded to their region (plus those without any region code). The American DVD Copy Control Association also requires that DVD player manufacturers incorporate the Regional Playback Control (RPC) system. However, region-free DVD players, which ignore region coding, are also commercially available, and many DVD players can be modified to be region-free, allowing playback of all discs.

DVDs may use one code, multiple codes (multi-region), or all codes (region free).

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
Hawa Bodol
Hawa Bodol is a 2013 Indian Bengali comedy film directed by Parambrata Chattopadhyay. The film revolves around two childhood friends, who met coincidentally after a long time, and somehow their lives swapped after a night of endless drinks. The movie is a remake of the 2011 American film The Change-Up.

The Change-Up
The Change-Up is a 2011 American fantasy romantic comedy produced and directed by David Dobkin, and written by Jon Lucas and Scott Moore. The film stars Ryan Reynolds and Jason Bateman as Mitch Planko and Dave Lockwood, two best friends living in Atlanta who “switch bodies” after urinating into a fountain while wishing they had each other's lives. The film was released on August 5, 2011, in North America by Universal Pictures, received negative reviews from critics and grossed $75.5 million against a $52 million budget.
Fukara Aqueduct
Fukara Aqueduct (Japanese: 深良用水, Hepburn: Fukara yōsui) is an aqueduct that draws water from Lake Ashi, in Hakone, Kanagawa, westward to Susono, Shizuoka. Since its completion in 1670, Lake Ashi is emptied by this aqueduct, not by the Haya River. The water rights of Lake Ashi belong to Shizuoka Prefecture, not Kanagawa Prefecture where the lake is located.

Fukara Aqueduct was constructed in 1666-1670 as a tunnel through Mount Hakone's outer rim to provide irrigation to Fukara Village (深良村, 35°12′40″N 138°56′44″E﻿ / ﻿35.2110°N 138.9455°E﻿ / 35.2110; 138.9455). The aqueduct becomes the Izumi River (泉川), where its water flows into the Daiba River (大場川), the Kise River (黄瀬川), and the Kano River, before emptying into Suruga Bay.

In March 2020, the "Thanksgiving Festival of Fukara Aqueduct's 350th Anniversary" (ja:深良用水350感謝祭) was held in Susono City.

Hakone
Hakone (箱根町, Hakone-machi) is a town in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2023, the town had a population of 10,965, and total area of 92.82 km2 (35.84 sq mi).

Hakone is a notable spa town and a popular tourist destination due to its many hot springs being within view of nearby Mount Fuji, the most visited mountain in Japan.
Tuile
A tuile (/twiːl/) is a baked wafer, French in origin, generally arced in shape, that is made most often from dough (but also possibly from cheese), often served as an accompaniment of other dishes. Tuile is the French word for tile, after the shape of roof tiles that the arced baked good most often resembles. Tuiles are commonly added as garnishes to desserts such as panna cotta or used as edible cups for sorbet or ice cream.

Wafer
A wafer is a crisp, often sweet, very thin, flat, light biscuit, often used to decorate ice cream, and also used as a garnish on some sweet dishes. They frequently have a waffle surface pattern but may also be patterned with insignia of the food's manufacturer or may be patternless. Some chocolate bars, such as Kit Kat and Toffee Crisp, are wafers with chocolate in and around them.
Felicitas Méndez
Felicitas Gómez Martínez de Méndez (February 5, 1916 – April 12, 1998) was a Puerto Rican activist in the American civil rights movement. In 1946, Méndez and her husband, Gonzalo, led an educational civil rights battle that changed California and set an important legal precedent for ending de jure segregation in the United States. Their landmark desegregation case, known as Mendez v. Westminster, paved the way for meaningful integration and public-school reform.

National Hispanic Heritage Month
National Hispanic Heritage Month (Spanish: Mes nacional de la herencia hispana) is annually observed from September 15 to October 15 in the United States for recognizing the contributions and influence of Hispanic culture to the nation's achievements, culture, and history.
Welzheim
Welzheim (German pronunciation: [ˈvɛltsˌhaɪm] ⓘ) is a town in the Rems-Murr district, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located 35 km east of Stuttgart, and 15 km northwest of Schwäbisch Gmünd.
Welzheim has 11,239 (2005) inhabitants and is located in the 'Welzheimer Wald', a forest in the north-east of Württemberg.

The district of Welzheim and its surrounding villages are mainly rural and agricultural. Because of the big forest areas, the timber industry remains a big part of local business.

There are many beautiful natural areas near Welzheim, including the lake 'Ebnisee' and a hiking trail 'Mühlenwanderweg' (mill hiking trail), which follows many mills located in the 'Welzheimer Wald'. In the town itself, there are sights such as the St. Gallus Church and the town hall.

Rems-Murr-Kreis
Rems-Murr is a Landkreis (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Heilbronn, Schwäbisch Hall, Ostalbkreis, Göppingen, Esslingen, the district-free city Stuttgart and the district Ludwigsburg.
Sergei Belov
Sergei Alexandrovich Belov (Russian: Серге́й Алекса́ндрович Бело́в; 23 January 1944 – 3 October 2013) was a Russian professional basketball player, most noted for playing for CSKA Moscow and the senior Soviet Union national basketball team. He is considered to be one of the best European basketball players of all time, and was given the honour of lighting the Olympic Cauldron with the Olympic flame during the 1980 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, in Moscow.

In 1991, Belov was named by FIBA as the Best FIBA Player ever. He became the first international player to be inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame on 11 May 1992. Belov was named to the FIBA All-Time EuroStars Team in 2007. He was also inducted into the FIBA Hall of Fame in 2007 and was named one of the 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors in 2008. In 2018, he was named one of the 101 Greats of European Basketball.

Basketball at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Basketball contests at the 1972 Summer Olympics was the eighth appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. It took place at Rudi-Sedlmayer-Halle in Munich, Germany from August 27 to September 9. The Soviet Union controversially won the gold medal game against the United States. This was the first time that the United States did not win a gold medal since the sport's introduction into the Olympics at the 1936 Berlin Summer Games. The bronze was won by Cuba, the only Olympic medal they have won in basketball. Another controversy was suspension of Mickey Coll after a positive drug test.
Alessandro Celin
Alessandro Padovani Celin (Chinese: 沙恩; Hangul: 셀린 ; born 11 September 1989 in Castelo, Espírito Santo, Brazil), is a Brazilian-Italian footballer who plays as a forward for Italian Serie D club Arzachena

K League
K League (Korean: K리그) is South Korea's professional football league. It includes the first division K League 1 and the second division K League 2. Clubs competing in the K League have won a record total of twelve AFC Champions League titles, the top continental competition for Asian clubs.
Montreal Locomotive Works
Montreal Locomotive Works (MLW) was a Canadian railway locomotive manufacturer that existed under several names from 1883 to 1985, producing both steam and diesel locomotives. For many years it was a subsidiary of the American Locomotive Company. MLW's headquarters and manufacturing facilities were in Montreal’s Hochelaga-Maisonneuve area (with only the 1911 administration building remaining at 1505 Dickson Street).

Intercolonial Railway
The Intercolonial Railway of Canada (reporting mark IRC), also referred to as the Intercolonial Railway (ICR), was a historic Canadian railway that operated from 1872 to 1918, when it became part of Canadian National Railways. As the railway was also completely owned and controlled by the Government of Canada, the Intercolonial was also one of Canada's first Crown corporations.
Jane K. Cleland
Jane K. Cleland is a contemporary American author of mystery fiction and non-fiction. She is the author of the Josie Prescott Antiques Mysteries, a traditional mystery series set in New Hampshire and featuring antiques appraiser Josie Prescott, as well as books and articles about the craft of writing. Cleland has been nominated for and has won numerous awards for her writing, and her mystery series was recently optioned for film and TV development.

Macavity Awards
The Macavity Awards, established in 1987, are a group of literary awards presented annually to mystery writers. Nominated and voted upon annually by the members of the Mystery Readers International, the award is named for the "mystery cat" of T. S. Eliot's Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats. The award is given in four categories—best novel, best first novel, best nonfiction, and best short story. The Sue Feder Historical Mystery has been given in conjunction with the Macavity Awards.
Mount Bearskin
Mount Bearskin (78°20′S 85°37′W﻿ / ﻿78.333°S 85.617°W﻿ / -78.333; -85.617) is a mountain (2,850 m) located 5 nautical miles (9 km) northeast of Mount Tyree, between Patton and Crosswell Glaciers, in the Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains. It is linked to Tyree Ridge by Podgore Saddle.

The mountain was mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1957–59. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Captain Leland S. Bearskin of the United States Air Force (USAF), who participated in establishing the IGY South Pole Station in the 1956–57 season.

Ellsworth Mountains
The Ellsworth Mountains are the highest mountain ranges in Antarctica, forming a 350 km (217 mi) long and 48 km (30 mi) wide chain of mountains in a north to south configuration on the western margin of the Ronne Ice Shelf in Marie Byrd Land. They are bisected by Minnesota Glacier to form the Sentinel Range to the north and the Heritage Range to the south. The former is by far the higher and more spectacular with Mount Vinson (4,892 meters (16,050 ft)) constituting the highest point on the continent. The mountains are located within the Chilean Antarctic territorial claim but outside of the Argentinian and British ones.
Darby Free Library
Darby Free Library is a public library at 1001 Main Street in Darby Borough, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. Founded as the Darby Library Company in 1743 – just 12 years after Benjamin Franklin organized the Library Company of Philadelphia – it remains one of the oldest libraries in the United States. Although it was a subscription library until 1898, it claims to be "the oldest library in the United States in continuous service." The library celebrated its 275th anniversary in 2018.

Delaware County, Pennsylvania
Delaware County, colloquially referred to as Delco, is in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. With a population of 576,830 as of the 2020 census, it is the fifth-most populous county in Pennsylvania and the third-smallest in area. The county was created on September 26, 1789, from part of Chester County and named for the Delaware River. The county is part of the Philadelphia metropolitan area, or Delaware Valley, region of the commonwealth.

Delaware County borders Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-most populous city, to its northeast. It also is adjacent to the city-county of Philadelphia County and is included in the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD metropolitan statistical area. Its county seat is Media, which is located near the center of the county.
USS Obstructor
USS Obstructor (ACM-7) was a Chimo-class minelayer in the United States Navy during World War II.

Built by the Marietta Manufacturing Company in Point Pleasant, West Virginia, as a U.S. Army mine planter, USAMP 1st Lt. William G. Sylvester (MP-5) was delivered in December 1942 to the U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps, Mine Planter Service. She was named for the first coast artillery officer killed (at Hickam Field, Hawaii, on 7 December 1941) in action in World War II. Sylvester's embarked crew, designated, in Army terminology as the 12th Coast Artillery Mine Planter Battery, was implemented in November 1942 stationed at Fort Miles, Delaware.

The ship was transferred to the Navy on 4 January 1945. She was renamed Obstructor on 19 January 1945, converted at the Charleston Navy Yard and commissioned on 1 April 1945.

After transfer to the United States Coast Guard in 1946 the ship was commissioned 1 February 1947 as USCGC Heather until 15 December 1967.

Mine Planter Service
The U.S. Army Mine Planter Service (AMPS) was an outgrowth of civilian crewed Army mine planter ships dating back to 1904. It was established on July 22, 1918 by War Department Bulletin 43 and placed the Mine Planter Service under the U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps. Its purview was to install and maintain the underwater minefields that were part of the principal armament of U.S. coastal fortifications, including those at the approaches to the Panama Canal and the defenses of Manila Bay in the Philippines.
University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Pharmacy
The University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Pharmacy is the pharmaceutical school of the University of Santo Tomas, the oldest and the largest Catholic university in Manila, Philippines.

Established in 1871, the faculty is the first school of pharmacy in the Philippines. It consistently tops the Philippine licensure examinations for Pharmacy and Medical Technology.

Commission on Higher Education
The Commission on Higher Education (CHED; Filipino: Komisyon sa Mas Mataas na Edukasyon or Komisyon sa Lalong Mataas na Edukasyon) is a government agency under the Office of the President of the Philippines. It is responsible for regulating and governing all higher education institutions and post-secondary educational programs in the country.
Podu Turcului
Podu Turcului is a commune in Bacău County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of ten villages: Bălănești, Căbești, Fichitești, Giurgioana, Hanța, Lehancea, Plopu, Podu Turcului, Răcușana, and Sârbi.

The commune is situated on the Bârlad Plateau, at an altitude of 155 m (509 ft), on the banks of the rivers Zeletin, Pereschiv, and Pereschivul Mic. It is located in the southeastern extremity of the county, about 70 km (43 mi) from the county seat, Bacău, on the border with Vrancea and Vaslui counties. Podu Turcului is crossed by national road DN11A, which connects it to Bârlad, 30 km (19 mi) to the east and to Onești, 60 km (37 mi) to the west.

During the interwar period, the commune was the seat of plasa Podu Turcului, in Tecuci County.

Bârlad
Bârlad (Romanian pronunciation: [bɨrˈlad] ⓘ) is a city in Vaslui County, Romania. It lies on the banks of the river Bârlad, which waters the high plains of Western Moldavia.

At Bârlad the railway from Iași diverges, one branch skirting the river Siret, the other skirting the Prut; both reunite at Galați. Along with a maze of narrow and winding streets, Bârlad features several notable modern buildings, including the hospital administered by the Saint Spiridion Foundation of Iași. In the vicinity of the city are the ruins of a Roman camp.

The city is the birthplace of Romanian Domnitor (Ruler) and diplomat Alexandru Ioan Cuza.
Bulou Mataitoga
Bulou Mataitoga (born April 8, 1994) is an American rugby player. She plays for the United States sevens and fifteens teams. She recently joined the Bay Breakers for the inaugural season of the Women's Elite Rugby competition.

United States women's national rugby union team
The USA Women's national rugby union team, nicknamed the Women's Eagles, represents the United States in women's international rugby union. The team was officially formed in 1987 and is nicknamed the Eagles.

An international powerhouse during the 1990s— the Eagles won the inaugural 1991 Women's World Cup and finished second in the two following World Cups in 1994 and 1998. The team finished fourth at the 2017 Rugby World Cup in Ireland.

In May 2018, Rob Cain was appointed full-time Head Coach. Cain joined the Eagles after winning the inaugural Tyrell Premier 15s title in England with Saracens Women.
Logical framework
In logic, a logical framework provides a means to define (or present) a logic as a signature in a higher-order type theory in such a way that provability of a formula in the original logic reduces to a type inhabitation problem in the framework type theory. This approach has been used successfully for (interactive) automated theorem proving. The first logical framework was Automath; however, the name of the idea comes from the more widely known Edinburgh Logical Framework, LF. Several more recent proof tools like Isabelle are based on this idea. Unlike a direct embedding, the logical framework approach allows many logics to be embedded in the same type system.

Isabelle (proof assistant)
The Isabelle automated theorem prover is a higher-order logic (HOL) theorem prover, written in Standard ML and Scala. As a Logic for Computable Functions (LCF) style theorem prover, it is based on a small logical core (kernel) to increase the trustworthiness of proofs without requiring, yet supporting, explicit proof objects.

Isabelle is available inside a flexible system framework allowing for logically safe extensions, which comprise both theories and implementations for code-generating, documenting, and specific support for a variety of formal methods. It can be seen as an integrated development environment (IDE) for formal methods. In recent years, a substantial number of theories and system extensions have been collected in the Isabelle Archive of Formal Proofs (Isabelle AFP).

Isabelle was named by Lawrence Paulson after Gérard Huet's daughter.

The Isabelle theorem prover is free software, released under the revised BSD license.
Solanum pungetium
Solanum pungetium, known as the eastern nightshade is a small, low spreading plant native to the east coast of Australia.

Leaves are spiky, elliptic in shape, 5 to 8 cm long, 2 to 4 cm wide. Stems, flower stalks and branches also spiky. The leaf stem is around 1 cm long. Flowers are typical of the Australian Solanum group, being purple to blue with a yellow centre, appearing in spring. The fruit is pale yellow green berry with darker green markings. It's around 25 to 30 mm in diameter, on a stem 2 to 5 cm long.

The habitat is moist areas, in sclerophyll forest, or disturbed areas in rainforest. Found in the states of Victoria and south of the Clarence River, New South Wales, often near the coast.

This plant was first published by Robert Brown in 1810, in his epic Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae.

Solanum
Solanum is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants, which include three food crops of high economic importance: the potato, the tomato and the eggplant (aubergine, brinjal). It is the largest genus in the nightshade family Solanaceae, comprising around 1,500 species. It also contains the so-called horse nettles (unrelated to the genus of true nettles, Urtica), as well as numerous plants cultivated for their ornamental flowers and fruit.

Solanum species show a wide range of growth habits, such as annuals and perennials, vines, subshrubs, shrubs, and small trees. Many formerly independent genera like Lycopersicon (the tomatoes) and Cyphomandra are now included in Solanum as subgenera or sections. Thus, the genus today contains roughly 1,500–2,000 species.