hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1977 Edmonton municipal election
The 1977 municipal election was held October 19, 1977 to elect a mayor and twelve aldermen to sit on Edmonton City Council, nine trustees to sit on the public school board, and seven trustees to sit on the separate school board.

This was the first election in which a nine-member public school board was elected instead of the seven member board that had previously existed.

It was also the last election to use only four wards for election of the city councillors. Beginning in 1980, two aldermen were elected from each of six wards.

1980 Edmonton municipal election
The 1980 municipal election was held October 15, 1980 to elect a mayor and twelve aldermen to sit on Edmonton City Council, nine trustees to sit on the public school board, and seven trustees to sit on the separate school board.

This was the first election in which there were two aldermen elected from each of the six wards, instead of three aldermen elected from each of the four wards, as had previously been the case.
Freedom and constraint topologies
Freedom and constraint topologies (a.k.a., freedom, actuation, and constraint topologies; or simply FACT)  is a mechanical design framework developed by Dr. Jonathan B. Hopkins. The framework offers a library of vector spaces with visual representations to guide the analysis and synthesis of flexible systems. Flexible systems are devices, mechanisms, or structures that deform to achieve desired motion such as compliant mechanisms, flexures, soft robots, and mechanical metamaterials.

Overconstrained mechanism
In mechanical engineering, an overconstrained mechanism is a linkage that has more degrees of freedom than is predicted by the mobility formula. The mobility formula evaluates the degree of freedom of a system of rigid bodies that results when constraints are imposed in the form of joints between the links.

If the links of the system move in three-dimensional space, then the mobility formula is

where N is the number of links in the system, j is the number of joints, and fi  is the degree of freedom of the ith joint.

If the links in the system move planes parallel to a fixed plane, or in concentric spheres about a fixed point, then the mobility formula is

If a system of links and joints has mobility M = 0 or less, yet still moves, then it is called an overconstrained mechanism.
MS Color Magic
MS Color Magic is a cruiseferry owned and operated by the Norway-based shipping company Color Line on its route connecting Oslo, Norway, with Kiel, Germany. She was built at Aker Finnyards Rauma Shipyard, Finland in 2007 and has been the largest ferry in the world ever since.

Color Magic is a sister vessel of MS Color Fantasy, delivered to Color Line in 2004. The ship has over 1000 cabins and 54 suites. Unlike her sister, Color Fantasy was built in Turku. Color Magic has 89 more cabins than Color Fantasy, as well as larger conference facilities, making her slightly larger in terms of gross tonnage.

STX Finland
STX Finland Oy, formerly Aker Yards Oy, was a Finnish shipbuilding company operating three shipyards in Finland, in Turku, Helsinki and Rauma, employing some 2,500 people. It was part of STX Europe, a group of international shipbuilding companies owned by the South Korean STX Corporation.

Half of Helsinki yard was sold to Russian USC in 2010. In September 2013, STX Finland announced that the Rauma shipyard would be closed in June 2014. In August 2014, the Turku shipyard was sold to Meyer Werft and the state-owned Finnish Industry Investment, and renamed Meyer Turku Oy.
Anilocra pomacentri
Anilocra pomacentri is a species of marine isopod in the family Cymothoidae. It is found off the coast of eastern Australia and is an external parasite of the yellowback puller (Chromis nitida), a species of damselfish. The presence of the parasite on a fish causes a significant slowing of the growth rate and an increased mortality.

Cymothoidae
The Cymothoidae are a family of isopods in the suborder Cymothoida  found in both marine and freshwater environments. Cymoithoids are ectoparasites, usually of fish, and they include the bizarre "tongue-biter" (Cymothoa exigua), which attaches to a fish's tongue, causing it to atrophy, and replaces the tongue with its own body. Ceratothoa oestroides is one of the most devastating ectoparasites in Mediterranean aquaculture. Around 40 genera and more than 380 species of cymothoid are recognised. Species of the Cymothoidae are generally found in warmer waters and rarely in the cool
and cold climates.
Babiana villosula
Babiana villosula is a perennial flowering plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Babiana. The species is endemic to the Western Cape; it occurs from Malmesbury to Gordon's Bay and is part of the fynbos and renosterveld. It has a range of less than 2000 km² and has already lost 80% of its habitat to development, invasive plants and the establishment of vineyards and orchards. Only seven of the eighteen original subpopulations remain and they are also threatened by invasive plants and development.

Renosterveld
Renosterveld is a term used for one of the major plant communities and vegetation types of the Cape Floristic Region (Cape Floral Kingdom) which is located in southwestern and southeastern South Africa, in southernmost Africa. It is an ecoregion of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.
Rivamonte Agordino
Rivamonte Agordino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Belluno in the Veneto Region of NE Italy. It is located about 90 kilometres (56 miles) north of Venice and about 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Belluno. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 664 and an area of 23.2 square kilometres (9.0 sq mi).

Rivamonte Agordino borders the following municipalities: Agordo, Gosaldo, La Valle Agordina, Sedico, Sospirolo and Voltago Agordino.

Belluno
Belluno (Italian pronunciation: [belˈluːno] ⓘ; Ladin: Belum; Venetian: Belùn) is a town and province in the Veneto region of northern Italy. Located about 100 kilometres (62 miles) north of Venice, Belluno is the capital of the province of Belluno and the most important city in the Eastern Dolomites region. With a population of 35,543, it is the largest populated area of Valbelluna, and the 12th-largest municipality of Veneto.

It is one of the 15 municipalities of the Dolomiti Bellunesi National Park.
Malchin am Kummerower See
Malchin am Kummerower See is an Amt in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. It is just east of the Kummerower See. The seat of the Amt, that was formed in 2005, is in the town Malchin.

The Amt Malchin am Kummerower See consists of the following municipalities:

Basedow

Faulenrost

Gielow

Kummerow

Malchin

Neukalen

Kummerow
Kummerow is a municipality in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is often called Kummerow am See to avoid confusion with Kummerow near Stralsund. The timber framed village church and the baroque castle at the lake (Kummerower See) are notable landmarks.
Ulster Cricket Ground
The Ulster Cricket Ground in  Ballynafeigh Park was a sports venue in Ballynafeigh, Belfast. Opened in 1879, it was the home ground of both Ulster Cricket Club and Ulster F.C. During the 1880s, it also hosted several Irish Cup finals and Ireland international games. It has also hosted rugby union internationals.  The ground is now Ulidia Playing Fields, owned by Belfast City Council and used by Rosario Youth Club F.C. and Ballynafeigh Breda Star F.C.

Ulster Cricket Club
The Ulster Cricket Club was an Irish cricket club based in Ballynafeigh, Belfast. Formed in 1873, it was one of the leading Irish cricket clubs in the Victorian period, but went out of existence in 1931. The Ulster Football Club was formed by its members in 1877.
Bundesautobahn 659
Bundesautobahn 659 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 659, short form Autobahn 659, abbreviated as BAB 659 or A 659) is an autobahn in Germany.

The A 659 connects the A 5 Bergstraßenautobahn to Mannheim. Upon the autobahn's completion in the 1960s, the stretch of B 38 along the autobahn's path was replaced, although the B 38 still continues from both of the A 659's termini.

Bundesautobahn 5
Bundesautobahn 5 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 5, short form Autobahn 5, abbreviated as BAB 5 or A 5) is a 445 km (277 mi) long Autobahn in Germany. Its northern end is the Hattenbach triangle intersection (with the A 7). The southern end is at the Swiss border near Basel. It runs through the German states of Hessen and Baden-Württemberg and connects on its southern ending to the Swiss A 2.

The A5 passes by the Frankfurt Airport.
Meaford, Staffordshire
Meaford is a hamlet in the civil parish of Stone Rural, in the Stafford district, in the county of Staffordshire, England. It lies at the junction of the A34 and A51 roads, north of Stone on the River Trent. Meaford Lock is on the Trent and Mersey Canal. Meaford's most famous son is John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent, the naval hero.

Meaford was for the later part of the 20th century easily identifiable from the main A34 road by the coal-fired Meaford Power Stations, operated by the CEGB and later National Power. Meaford 'A' of 120 MW capacity opened in the late 1940s, ceased generation in 1974 and was demolished in 1982. Meaford 'B' of 260 MW capacity was formally opened in 1957, generated power for the last time at 13:00 on 28 September 1990, was formally closed on 1 October 1991 and demolition was nearly complete on 9 June 1996 when the 408 feet (124 m) tall brick chimney was demolished.

Bury Bank, an Iron Age hillfort, is a short distance to the north.

Borough of Stafford
The Borough of Stafford is a local government district with borough status in Staffordshire, England. It is named after Stafford, its largest town, which is where the council is based. The borough also includes the towns of Stone and Eccleshall, as well as numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Newcastle-under-Lyme, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire Moorlands, East Staffordshire, Lichfield, Cannock Chase, South Staffordshire, Telford and Wrekin, and Shropshire.
Playas Canton
General Villamil, also known as Playas, is a Guayas canton in Ecuador. The Playas canton is located at the south western area of the Guayas Province. Its Canton Capital is General José de Villamil, also known as Playas. It is located 96 kilómeters from the capital of the Guayas Province, Guayaquil. It borders to the north and east with Guayaquil Canton, on the west with Santa Elena Province, and to south with the Pacific Ocean.
Its territory has an area of 270.2 km2 (104.3 sq mi) and a population of 58,768.

Guayaquil Canton
The Guayaquil Canton, officially the Municipality of Guayaquil, is a canton in the center of the Guayas Province in western Ecuador. The canton was named after its seat, the city of Guayaquil, the most populous city in Ecuador.
Millsaps Majors football
The Millsaps Majors football team represents Millsaps College in Jackson, Mississippi. They compete in the NCAA's Division III and the Southern Athletic Association.  Millsaps's all-time record in football is 380 wins, 356 losses and 36 ties (.516). The gridiron Majors have posted two undefeated regular seasons in their history (1980 & 2008), earned three NCAA playoff tournament berths (1975, 2006 & 2008) and claimed six Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference championships (1991, 1996, 2006, 2007, 2008 & 2009). Its major rival is Belhaven University.

Millsaps–Mississippi College rivalry
The Millsaps–Mississippi College rivalry is a sports rivalry between the Millsaps College Majors and the Mississippi College Choctaws. It chiefly manifests in the college football matchup, known as the Backyard Brawl as both schools are located near to Jackson, Mississippi. The colleges compete in Division III of the NCAA, Mississippi College in the American Southwest Conference (ASC) and Millsaps in the Southern Athletic Association (SAA).

The two schools met nearly every year in various sports from 1920 through spring 1960, after which time the series was cancelled when a fight broke out at a men's basketball game. The college football series was resumed in 2000. Mississippi College leads it 31–15–6.
Belarus–Lithuania border
The Belarus–Lithuania border is an international border almost 678.8 km (421.8 mi) in length between the Republic of Belarus (CIS member) and the Republic of Lithuania (EU member). It is an external border of the European Union as well as the western border of the Commonwealth of Independent States. 379.9 km (236.1 mi) of the border is on land, while 298.9 km (185.7 mi) are on water, crossing lakes, e.g. Lake Drūkšiai and following some rivers, e.g. Dysna River and Neman River.

In August 2022, Lithuania completed the construction of a new border barrier to stop illegal migration. On 18 January 2023, the Lithuanian government renounced the agreement signed with Belarus 16 years ago on the principles of cross-border cooperation.

Dysna
The Dysna (Belarusian: Дзісна, romanized: Dzisna; Russian: Дисна, romanized: Disna) is a river that flows through Lithuania and Belarus into the Daugava River near the town of Dzisna.

The river originates from Lake Parsvėtas, near Dūkštas, Ignalina district municipality. It flows through Lake Dysnai and Lake Dysnykštis. Near Kačergiškės it turns east and for 39 km flows along the Lithuanian-Belarusian border. The length of the Dysna in Lithuania is 17 km. One of the lakes in the basin area is Lake Drūkšiai that used to support the now decommissioned Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant.

The Dysna's largest tributaries are the Birvėta, Golbica, Janka, Berezovka, and Mnuta.
Twenty Years of Dirt
Twenty Years of Dirt, subtitled The Best of the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, is the second compilation album from the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band. It is a collection of hits from their career to that point. The album contained one new song, "Stand a Little Rain", which reached #5 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The album reached 10 on the US Country charts and was certified platinum.

Partners, Brothers and Friends
Partners, Brothers and Friends is the sixteenth studio album by American country folk group Nitty Gritty Dirt Band. The album reached #9 on the US Country charts. The three singles from this album were top 10 on the US Country charts. "Modern Day Romance" went to #1, "Home Again in My Heart" went to 3, and "Partners, Brothers and Friends" went to 6.
Sventsyany uezd
The Sventsyany uezd, known until 1842 as the Zavileisky uezd, was a county (uezd) of the Vilna Governorate of the Russian Empire.

The uezd was bordered by the Vilna uezd to the west, the Oshmyany uezd to the south, the Vileyka uezd to the east, the Disna uezd to the northeast, and the Novoaleksandrovsk uezd of the Kovno Governorate to the north. The administrative centre was located in Sventsyany (modern-day Švenčionys). The Sventsyany uezd included the most part of Švenčionys District and Pastavy District of Belarus.

Vilna Governorate
The Vilna Governorate was a province (guberniya) of the Northwestern Krai of the Russian Empire that existed from 1795 to 1918. Established after the Third Partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, it encompassed territories of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania and was one of the administrative divisions created by the Russian Empire to replace the institutions of the dissolved Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

In 1897, the governorate covered an area of 41,907.9 square kilometres (16,180.7 mi2) and had a population of 1,591,207 inhabitants. It bordered the following governorates: Minsk to the south, Grodno to the southwest, Suwałki to the west, Kovno and Courland to the north, and Vitebsk to the east. Its capital, Vilnius, also served as the seat of the Vilna Governorate-General, which existed until 1912.
Butch Lewis Act
The Butch Lewis Act is an act of the United States Congress that would allow the United States Treasury to provide financial assistance to failing multiemployer pension plans. This assistance would come in the form of grants that would not need to be repaid to the Department of Treasury and would allow retirees to receive the entirety of their pension benefits.

International Brotherhood of Teamsters
The International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT) is a labor union in the United States and Canada. Formed in 1903 by the merger of the Team Drivers International Union and the Teamsters National Union, the union now represents a diverse membership of blue- and white-collar workers in both the public and private sectors, totalling about 1.3 million members in 2015. The union was formerly called the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America.
Manoharpur railway station
Manoharpur Railway Station is a railway station on Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai line under Chakradharpur railway division of South Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Manoharpur, West Singhbhum district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is 39 km (24 mi) from Rourkela Junction.

Rourkela Junction railway station
Rourkela Junction railway station (station code:- ROU) is a railway junction located in the north-western part of the Indian state of Odisha and serves Rourkela in Sundergarh district. Rourkela is the third-largest urban agglomeration in Odisha.
State legislation in protest of federal law in the United States
Several US States have introduced various resolutions and legislation in protest to federal actions.  Despite this, the Supreme Court has explicitly rejected the idea that the states can nullify federal law. In Cooper v. Aaron (1958), the Supreme Court of the United States held that federal law prevails over state law due to the operation of the Supremacy Clause, and that federal law "can neither be nullified openly and directly by state legislators or state executive or judicial officers nor nullified indirectly by them through evasive schemes ..." Thus, state laws purporting to nullify federal statutes or to exempt states and their citizens from federal statutes have only symbolic impact.

Cooper v. Aaron
Cooper v. Aaron, 358 U.S. 1 (1958), was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States that denied the school board of Little Rock, Arkansas the right to delay racial desegregation for 30 months. On September 12, 1958, the Warren Court delivered a decision that held that the states are bound by the Court's decisions and must enforce them even if the states disagree with them, asserting the judicial supremacy established in Marbury v. Madison (1803). The decision in this case upheld the rulings in Brown v. Board of Education and Brown II that had held that the doctrine of separate but equal was unconstitutional.
Tianma Tea House
The Tianma Tea House is a former tea house in Datong District, Taipei, Taiwan. It is the site where an enforcement officer from the Taiwan Tobacco and Wine Monopoly Bureau of the Taiwan Provincial Government accidentally shot a civilian on 27 February 1947. The incident led to the island-wide anti-government uprising by the Taiwanese people called the February 28 incident and the implementation of White Terror in Taiwan from 1949 to 1987.

The tea house building has long been on the route of the annual march to commemorate the February 28 Incident in Taipei by government officials or civilians.

Monopoly Bureau
The Monopoly Bureau Building is a Renaissance-style red brick building located in Nan Chang Street, Taipei City, Taiwan. It is in the Zhongzheng District, near Aiguo West Road, Park Road and Nanchang intersection ring, and Taipei's city south gate. It is also located nearby the Republic of China Ministry of Finance and the President of the Republic of China's Official Residence. The building was built in 1913 during the Japanese rule of Taiwan.

The building was designed by the architect Matsunosuke Moriyama and constructed in 1913 by the Kobe Group. The six-story tower topped with a spire is the most unusual feature of the building. In addition to the tower, the building is decorated with a copper roof.

The building housed the offices of the Monopoly Bureau of the Taiwan Governor's Office during Japanese rule and the Taiwan Tobacco and Wine Monopoly Bureau under ROC rule. It now houses the headquarters office for the Taiwan Tobacco and Liquor Corporation.
Kerriothyrsus
Kerriothyrsus is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Melastomataceae. The only species is Kerriothyrsus tetrandrus (Nayar) C.Hansen

Its native range is Indo-China. It is found in Laos and Vietnam.

The genus name of Kerriothyrsus is in honour of Arthur Francis George Kerr (1877–1942), an Irish medical doctor. The Latin specific epithet of tetrandrus which is derived from a compound of 2 roots;  tetra from the Greek τετρα meaning four and also andros meaning anthered (having anthers).

Both genus and species were first described and published in Willdenowia Vol.17 on page 154 in 1988.

Melastomataceae
Melastomataceae (/mɛləstoʊmɑːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants found mostly in the tropics (two-thirds of the genera are from the New World tropics) comprising c. 175 genera and c. 5115 known species. Melastomes are annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, or small trees.
Osteomimicry
Osteomimicry occurs when cancer cells begin to express genes normally restricted to cells present within the bone. These genes include osteocalcin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, osteonectin, RANK ligand (NF-κB receptor activator) and parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP). This change in gene expression allows cancer cells to avoid detection by the immune system and establish colonies in the bone microenvironment. Cancer cells expressing these genes secrete normal bone ECM protein products, abnormally altering the bone matrix and activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the local microenvironment.

Parathyroid hormone-related protein
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is a proteinaceous hormone and a member of the parathyroid hormone family secreted by mesenchymal stem cells. It is occasionally secreted by cancer cells (for example, breast cancer, certain types of lung cancer including squamous-cell lung carcinoma). However, it also has normal functions in bone, teeth, vascular tissues and other tissues.
McKeldin Mall
38°59′10″N 76°56′31″W﻿ / ﻿38.986°N 76.942°W﻿ / 38.986; -76.942

McKeldin Mall is a nine-acre quad in the heart of the campus of the University of Maryland, College Park, United States. Named after Theodore McKeldin, the former Governor of Maryland, McKeldin Mall was considered to be the largest academic mall in the United States on its opening. It has been named one of the most picturesque college campus quads in the nation.

University of Maryland College of Behavioral and Social Sciences
38°59′15.0″N 76°56′24.0″W﻿ / ﻿38.987500°N 76.940000°W﻿ / 38.987500; -76.940000

The College of Behavioral and Social Sciences is the school of social sciences at the University of Maryland, College Park. It consists of nine academic departments.
Black sicklebill
The black sicklebill (Epimachus fastosus) is a large member of the birds of paradise family, Paradisaeidae. This species is found throughout most of central New Guinea and the Vogelkop region to the northwest in montane forests at altitudes from 1,800 to 2,150 m (5,900 to 7,100 ft).

Drepanornis
Drepanornis is a genus of bird-of-paradise found in forests of New Guinea. They have long decurved sickle-like bills and an overall brown plumage.

The genus is sometimes considered a subgenus of Epimachus, but the two members of Drepanornis have a far shorter tail and their sexual dimorphism is less extreme.