hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Simeon ben Zemah Duran
Simeon ben Zemah Duran, also Tzemach Duran (1361–1444; Hebrew: שמעון בן צמח דוראן), known as Rashbatz (רשב"ץ) or Tashbatz, was a prominent Jewish scholar, rabbinic authority, and polemicist. He was proficient in various fields, including philosophy, mathematics, natural sciences, astronomy, and medicine. Born in Medieval Spain, he fled with his family to Algeria in the aftermath of the 1391 pogroms that devastated the Jewish community of Spain.  In 1408, he became the rabbinic leader of Algerian Jewry, earning widespread recognition for his legal rulings in Spain, North Africa, France, and Italy.

Isaac Alfasi
Isaac ben Jacob Alfasi (1013–1103)  (Arabic: إسحاق الفاسي, Hebrew: ר' יצחק אלפסי), also known as the Alfasi or by his Hebrew acronym, the Rif (Rabbi Isaac al-Fasi), was a Maghrebi Talmudist and posek (decider in matters of Halakha). He is best known for his halakhic legal work Sefer Ha-halachot, considered the first fundamental work in halakhic literature.
David Murphy (baseball)
David Matthew Murphy (born October 18, 1981) is an American former professional baseball outfielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Boston Red Sox, Texas Rangers, Cleveland Indians and Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim.

Murphy was drafted in the 2003 MLB draft by the Red Sox. He made his MLB debut with the Red Sox, and was traded to the Rangers in 2007. He signed with the Indians as a free agent before the 2014 season, and was traded to the Angels during the 2015 season. Also drafted 1439th in the 2000 MLB draft but did not sign.

Baseball field
A baseball field, also called a ball field or baseball diamond, is the field upon which the game of baseball is played. The term can also be used as a metonym for a baseball park. The term sandlot is sometimes used, although this usually refers to less organized venues for activities like sandlot ball.
Shah Mir–Lohara War
The Shah Mir–Lohara War (Kashmiri: شاہ میر–لوہارا جنگ; Shah meer–Lohara Jang), also known as Kashmir Civil War (1338–1339), was a military conflict in the Kashmir Valley (now in Indian Administered Jammu and Kashmir) between the royal forces of the ruling Hindu Lohara dynasty, led by Kota Rani, against the rebellious Muslim Shah Mir dynasty, led by former courtier Shah Mir. It resulted in the overthrowing of the Loharas and the revival of the Kashmir Sultanate.

Rinchan
Rinchan Shah (Kashmiri: رِنژھن شاہ, Persian: رِنچَن شَاہ; died 25 November 1323), born as Lhachen Rinchan Bhoti and also known by his titular name Sadr'ud-Din Shah, was the founder and the first Sultan of the Sultanate of Kashmir from 1320 to 1323. Originally said to have been a Ladakhi Buddhist, he converted to Islam, becoming the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir.
Sistrurus miliarius
Common names: pygmy rattlesnake, eastern pygmy rattlesnake, ground rattlesnake, leaf rattler, death rattler, more.

Sistrurus miliarius, commonly called the pygmy rattlesnake, is a species of venomous snake in the subfamily Crotalinae (pit vipers) of the family Viperidae. The species is endemic to the Southeastern United States. Three subspecies are currently recognized.

Joseph T. Collins
Joseph Thomas Collins, Jr. (July 3, 1939, Crooksville, Ohio – January 14, 2012) was an American herpetologist. A graduate of the University of Cincinnati, Collins authored 27 books and over 300 articles on wildlife, of which about 250 were on amphibians and reptiles. He was the founder of the Center for North American Herpetology (CNAH).  He died while studying amphibians and reptiles on St. George Island, Florida on 14 January 2012. "For 60 years I was obsessed with herpetology," Joe Collins claimed.
Josep García
Josep García i Montaña (born 22 December 1996) is a Spanish professional Enduro racer. García is a seven-time FIM Enduro World Champion, winning titles from 2017 to 2025. Since 2017, García as competed for the Red Bull KTM Factory Racing team.

García has taken seven individual overall victories at the International Six Days Enduro.

Within his World Championship count, García has won the overall EnduroGP title twice, the Enduro1 class title four times and the Enduro2 class title once.

He has also been a dominant force in the Spanish Enduro Championship, winning seven overall titles, alongside five in the E1 class and 3 in the E2 class.

2025 FIM Enduro World Championship
The 2025 World Enduro Championship was the 36th season of the FIM World Enduro Championship. The season consisted of seven events.

Josep García went into the championship after winning both the EnduroGP and Enduro 1 classes in 2024. Andrea Verona was the reigning Enduro 2 champion, with Brad Freeman going into the season after taking the Enduro 3 title the previous season.
Ludvig Munk
Ludvig Ludvigsen Munk (1537 in Vejle – 8 April 1602 at Nørlund castle, Funen) was a Danish official and Count. He was also referred to as Ludvig Ludvigsen Munk von Schleswig-Holstein and Ludvig Munk til Nørlund.

Christian IV of Denmark
Christian IV (12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648) was King of Denmark and Norway and Duke of Holstein and Schleswig from 1588 until his death in 1648. His reign of 59 years and 330 days is the longest of any Scandinavian monarch.

A member of the House of Oldenburg, Christian began his personal rule of Denmark-Norway in 1596 at the age of 19. He is remembered as one of the most popular, ambitious, and proactive Danish-Norwegian kings, having initiated many reforms and projects. Christian IV obtained for his kingdoms a level of stability and wealth that was virtually unmatched elsewhere in Europe. He engaged Denmark-Norway in numerous wars, most notably the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), which devastated much of Germany, undermined the Danish economy, and cost Denmark-Norway some of its conquered territories.
He rebuilt and renamed the Norwegian capital Oslo as Christiania after himself, a name used until 1925.
Sasina, Samoa
Sasina is a village on the north coast of Savai'i island in Samoa. It is situated on the central north coast of the island in the district of Gagaʻifomauga and the electoral district of Gagaʻifomauga 3. The population is 568.

The village is part of a conservation area which includes the village of Aopo. There is a primary school with a new assembly hall renovated by engineers from the United States, Australia and New Zealand under the US Navy's Pacific Partnership programme of the Pacific Fleet.

Aopo
Aopo is a village in the Gaga'ifomauga district on the island of Savai'i in Samoa. It is situated inland in the central north of the island in the district of Gagaʻifomauga and the electoral district of Gagaʻifomauga 3. The population was 383 as of 2016. The name of the village is derived from two words, ao (day) and po (night) and may be derived from a volcanic eruption.

The village is located inland from the north coast of Savai'i, close to the main lava field from the island's volcanic cones. There is an Aopo Conservation Area open to visitors and the trail starts at the east end of the village.

Hikers can ascend Mt Silisili, Samoa's highest peak, from Aopo.

In 2007, Aopo village sold its teak plantation to Blue Bird Lumber.
Jan Hendrik Scheltema
Jan Hendrik Scheltema (23 August 1861, in The Hague – 9 December 1941, in Brisbane), was a Dutch and later Australian painter who had a prolific, often strenuous, and arguably impressive career in Australia considering he was a non-British migrant artist without an international reputation on arrival. After working as a portrait painter in the Netherlands, he specialized in Australia as a livestock and landscape painter, making the livestock genre, particularly the foreground cattle genre, popular there. In Australia, he painted mainly in Victoria when  living in Melbourne for almost 5 decades, even through its land boom depression of the 1890's, World War I and the Great Depression, where he also practiced as a painting and drawing teacher. He successfully lived off only his art and art teaching, at one stage owning a few houses, one of which he kept when retiring to Queensland.

Sale, Victoria
Sale is a city situated in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia and the council capital of the Shire of Wellington. It had an estimated population of 15,305 in 2022 according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The total population including the immediate area around the town is approximately 19,000 according to shire website.
Phylea
Phylea (Ancient Greek: Φυλέα) was a town of ancient Aetolia, near the border of Acarnania. It is known only through epigraphic testimony mentioning the appointment of a theorodokos of Phylea, about the year 356/5 BCE to welcome the theoroi of Epidaurus.

Its exact location is unknown, although by the order it occupies in the list of theorodokoi, after Therminea and before Proschium, it is considered to be in Aetolia rather than Acarnania.

Epidaurus
Epidaurus (Greek: Ἐπίδαυρος) was a small city (polis) in ancient Greece, on the Argolid Peninsula at the Saronic Gulf. Two modern towns bear the name Epidavros: Palaia Epidavros and Nea Epidavros. Since 2010 they belong to the new municipality of Epidaurus, part of the regional unit of Argolis. The seat of the municipality is the town Lygourio. The nearby sanctuary of Asclepius and ancient theatre were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1988 because of their exemplary architecture and importance in the development and spread of healing sanctuaries and cults across the ancient Greek and Roman worlds.
Apostasy in Judaism
Apostasy in Judaism is the rejection of Judaism and possible conversion to another religion by a Jew. The term apostasy is derived from Ancient Greek: ἀποστάτης, meaning 'rebellious' (Hebrew: מורד, romanized: mored). Equivalent expressions for apostate in Hebrew that are used by rabbinical scholars include mumar (מומר, literally 'one who is changed [out of their faith]'), poshea Yisrael (פושע ישראל, literally, 'transgressor of Israel'), and kofer (כופר). Similar terms are meshumad (משומד, lit. 'destroyed one'), and min (מין) or epikoros (אפיקורוס), which denote heresy and the negation of God and Judaism, implying atheism.

Chazal
Chazal or Ḥazal (Hebrew: חז״ל) are the Jewish sages of the Mishnaic and Talmudic eras, spanning from the final 300 years of the Second Temple period until the 7th century, or c. 250 BCE – c. 625 CE. Their authority was mostly in the field of Halakha (Jewish law) and less regarding Jewish theology.
WBHQ
WBHQ (92.7 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Beverly Beach, Florida, and serving Flagler County.  It is owned by Flagler County Broadcasting and broadcasts an adult hits radio format known as "Beach 92.7".   Unlike other adult hits stations that mainly play classic rock and classic alternative rock hits of the 1980s and 1990s, WBHQ includes a good deal of the pop hits in its playlist.  Like most adult hits stations, it uses no disc jockeys, but it does not have a voice making sarcastic or ironic quips, as heard on Jack FM and Bob FM stations.  It was assigned the WBHQ call sign by the Federal Communications Commission on February 20, 2009.

WBHQ has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 5,500 watts.  WBHQ broadcasts using HD Radio technology.  Its HD2 digital subchannel simulcasts the talk radio format of sister station WNZF (1550 AM_.  The HD3 subchannel has an oldies format known as "Kool 100.9".  That subchannel feeds FM translator W265CF at 100.9 MHz in Palm Coast.

Jack FM
Jack FM is a radio network brand that is licensed by Sparknet Communications, with the exception of the European Union where it is licensed by Oxis Media. It plays an adult hits format, in most cases not using DJs.
Sewing with Nancy
Sewing with Nancy is an American television show about sewing, hosted by Nancy Zieman. It made its debut on the now-defunct Satellite Program Network (SPN, later Tempo Television) in September 1982. On September 1, 1982, PBS began airing the series, which was distributed by National Educational Telecommunications Association. As of 2011, the show aired on 89% of Public Television stations in the United States. It was the longest-running sewing series in the history of North American television.

Sewing with Nancy was co-produced by Wisconsin Public Television at Vilas Hall on the University of Wisconsin campus in Madison. Zieman had Bell's palsy, a one-sided facial nerve paralysis, and talked about the condition on an episode in 2011. On September 5, 2017, Zieman announced her retirement due to cancer; she died just over two months later, the day after the final episode was broadcast. Older episodes continue to be broadcast on PBS under the name The Best of Sewing with Nancy.

Sewing
Sewing is the craft of fastening pieces of textiles together using a sewing needle and thread. Sewing is one of the oldest of the textile arts, originating in the Paleolithic era. Archaeological evidence suggests that early humans in Europe and Asia produced garments from fur and leather clothing using bone, antler or ivory sewing-needles and "thread" made of various animal body parts including sinew, catgut, and veins.

For thousands of years, all sewing was done by hand. The sewing machine which was invented in the 19th century enabled mechanized stitching, and the mass production of garments expanded in the 20th century. Hand sewing remains common in high-quality tailoring, haute couture fashion, and custom dressmaking, and is practiced by both textile artists and hobbyists as a means of creative expression.

The first known use of the word "sewing" was in the 14th century.
Ankle flare
A "flare" is a spreading area of redness or flush. It is the second reaction in the triple response to injury and is due to the dilatation of the arterioles. When this flare occurs around the ankle, it is called an ankle flare. The condition is also known as a malleolar flare, in reference to the malleolus, the bony prominence on each side of the ankle.

Ankle flares are often caused by venous ulcers, due to deep vein thrombosis or varicose veins. It is considered to be an early sign of advanced venous disease. Treatment involves management of the underlying condition, along with supportive care.

Flushing (physiology)
Flushing is to become markedly red in the face and often other areas of the skin, from various physiological conditions. Flushing is generally distinguished  from blushing, since blushing is psychosomatic, milder, generally restricted to the face, cheeks or ears, and generally assumed to reflect emotional stress, such as embarrassment, anger, or romantic stimulation. Flushing is also a cardinal symptom of carcinoid syndrome—the syndrome that results from hormones (often serotonin or histamine) being secreted into systemic circulation.
Imperatriz Airport
Imperatriz–Prefeito Renato Moreira Airport (IATA: IMP, ICAO: SBIZ) is the airport serving Imperatriz, Brazil. Since March 11, 2003 the airport is named after a former mayor of Imperatriz.

It is operated by Motiva.

Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul
Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul (lit. 'Southern Cross Air Services') was the second oldest airline of Brazil, tracing its origins to 1927 when it was founded as Syndicato Condor, a subsidiary of Deutsche Luft Hansa. Syndicato Condor retained rights and interests of a former German trade company, Condor Syndikat, which previously operated passenger and mail services in Brazil. It was renamed Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul in 1943. In 1975, Varig, a Brazilian airline which shared very similar origins, acquired its controlling shares. In 1993, it was finally merged into Varig.
J.M. Stuart Station
J.M. Stuart Station was a 2.3-gigawatt (2,318 MW) coal power plant located east of Aberdeen, Ohio in Adams County, Ohio. The power plant had four units and was operated by AES Ohio Generation, a subsidiary of the AES Corporation. It began operations in 1970 and ceased on May 24, 2018.

AES Corporation
The AES Corporation is an American utility and power generation company. It owns and operates power plants, which it uses to generate and sell electricity to end users and intermediaries like utilities and industrial facilities. AES, headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, is one of the world's leading power companies, generating and distributing electric power in 15 countries and employing 10,500 people worldwide. AES Corporation is a global Fortune 500 power company. AES Ranks in the Top Ten of Fast Company's 2022 Best Workplaces for Innovators.
Micrurus annellatus
Micrurus annellatus, commonly known as annellated coral snake, is a species of venomous elapid snake native to southeastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, Bolivia, and western Brazil. There are three recognized subspecies, including the nominate subspecies described here.

Venomous snake
Venomous snakes are species of the suborder Serpentes that are capable of producing venom, which they use for killing prey, for defense, and to assist with digestion of their prey. The venom is typically delivered by injection using hollow or grooved fangs, although some venomous snakes lack well-developed fangs. Common venomous snakes include the families Elapidae, Viperidae, Atractaspididae, and some of the Colubridae. The toxicity of venom is mainly indicated by murine LD50, while multiple factors are considered to judge the potential danger to humans. Other important factors for risk assessment include the likelihood that a snake will bite, the quantity of venom delivered with the bite, the efficiency of the delivery mechanism, and the location of a bite on the body of the victim. Snake venom may have both neurotoxic and hemotoxic properties. There are about 600 venomous snake species in the world.
1944–45 NYU Violets men's basketball team
The 1944–45 NYU Violets men's basketball team represented New York University in intercollegiate basketball during the 1944–45 season. The team finished the season with a 14–7 overall record and were national runners-up to the Oklahoma A&M Aggies (now known as the Oklahoma State Cowboys). The Violets were led by head coach and future Basketball Hall of Famer Howard Cann, while the Aggies were led by future hall of fame player Bob Kurland. The 1944–45 season was NYU's first of two NCAA Division I Final Four appearances; the second was in 1959–60.

1944–45 Oklahoma A&M Aggies men's basketball team
The 1944–45 Oklahoma A&M Aggies men's basketball team represented Oklahoma A&M College, now known as Oklahoma State University, in NCAA competition in the 1944–45 season. The Aggies won their first NCAA championship, defeating the NYU Violets by a score of 49–45 in the championship game of the NCAA Tournament. Oklahoma A&M was also retroactively named the national champion by the Helms Athletic Foundation.
Leadenham
Leadenham is a village and civil parish in the North Kesteven district of  Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 410.  It lies 11 miles (18 km)  north of Grantham, 14 miles (23 km) south of Lincoln and 9 miles (14 km) north west of Sleaford the A607 between Welbourn and Fulbeck, and at the southern edge of the Lincoln Cliff.

Grantham
Grantham (/ˈɡrænθəm/) is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the banks of the River Witham and bounded to the west by the A1 road; it lies 23 miles (37 km) south of Lincoln and 22 miles (35 km) east of Nottingham. The population in 2016 was 44,580. The town is the largest settlement and the administrative centre of the South Kesteven District.

Grantham was the birthplace of the UK's former prime minister Margaret Thatcher. The mathematician and scientist Isaac Newton was educated at the King's School. The town was the workplace of the UK's first warranted female police officer, Edith Smith, in 1914. The UK's first running diesel engine was made there in 1892 and the first tractor in 1896. Thomas Paine worked there as an excise officer in the 1760s. The villages of Manthorpe, Great Gonerby, Barrowby, Londonthorpe and Harlaxton form outlying suburbs of the town.
Barry Goldwater Jr.
Barry Morris Goldwater Jr. (born July 15, 1938) is an American politician. He is a former Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from California, serving from 1969 to 1983. He is the son of U.S. Senator and 1964 Republican presidential nominee Barry Goldwater.

Governor of California
The governor of California is the head of government of the U.S. state of California. The governor is the commander-in-chief of the California National Guard and the California State Guard.

Established in the Constitution of California, the governor's responsibilities also include submitting the budget, ensuring that state laws are enforced, and making the annual State of the State address to the California State Legislature. The position was created in 1849, the year before California became a state.

The governor is now limited to two terms, regardless of whether they are consecutive. The current governor of California is Democrat Gavin Newsom, who was inaugurated on January 7, 2019. Jerry Brown was the longest serving governor in Californian history, serving from 1975 until 1983, and again from 2011 until 2019.
Hipólito Rincón
Hipólito "Poli" Rincón Povedano (born 28 April 1957) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a striker.

He played mainly for Real Madrid and Real Betis in a 13-year career, amassing La Liga totals of 239 games and 81 goals.

Having won 22 caps for Spain, Rincón appeared with the national team at the 1986 World Cup.

1979–80 La Liga
The 1979–80 La Liga season was the 49th since its establishment. It began on 8 September 1979, and concluded on 18 May 1980.

Real Madrid achieved their 20th title. They also won the Copa del Rey against their reserve team, Castilla CF; thus Castilla qualified for next season's Cup Winners Cup.
Kilkis War Museum
The Kilkis War Museum stands outside the town of the city of Kilkis in Central Macedonia, Greece.

The museum was built in 1966, next to the war memorial built in 1927 on the Iroön Hill, the work of a sculptor named Dimitriadis from Athens. The memorial was erected to commemorate those who fell in the bloody Battle of Kilkis–Lachanas on 21 June 1913, which proved decisive for Greece's victory in the Second Balkan War. The museum was expanded in 1971, and belongs to the Ministry of National Defence, which is also responsible for running it.

In its two rooms, visitors may see memorabilia of the 1912-13 Balkan Wars including personal artifacts of the officers who fought in the battle, military uniforms, weapons, and regimental colours. There is also a relief map and audiovisual presentation of the battle.

Kilkis
Kilkis (Greek: Κιλκίς Macedonian/Bulgarian:Кукуш, Kukush)  is a city in Central Macedonia, Greece. As of 2021 there were 24,130 people living in the city proper, 27,493 people living in the municipal unit, and 45,308 in the municipality of Kilkis. It is also the capital city of the regional unit of Kilkis.

The area of Kilkis, during the 20th century, became several times a war theatre; during the Macedonian Struggle, the Balkan Wars, World War I, World War II, the Greek Resistance and the Greek Civil War.