hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
U.S. Army Garrison Black Sea
United States Army Garrison Black Sea (USAG Black Sea) is a United States Army garrison of the Installation Management Command (IMCOM) located at the Mihail Kogălniceanu Air Base (MKAB) in Romania and Novo Selo Training Area (NSTA) in Bulgaria. USAG Black Sea also manages several other sites across the two countries, including the Babadag Training Area in Romania, and the Aytos and Chubra Training Areas in Bulgaria.

USAG Black Sea delivers garrison services and enables readiness of permanent, rotational, allied and expeditionary forces in Romania and Bulgaria. Its task is to support and secure the total force community, enabling power projection in the area of operations (AO) Victory South for V Corps. U.S. Army Garrison Black Sea is the furthest east US Army installation in Europe and is a pivotal location for the US National Security Strategy.

Camp Kościuszko
Camp Kościuszko is the US V Corps' Forward Operating Station Poznań (FOS Poznań), Poland also denoted V Corps Headquarters (Forward). Forward Operating Station Poznań is the permanent headquarters for V Corps (Forward), which was announced in June 2022 by US President Joe Biden, as the eastern flank of the NATO alliance. The first permanent change of station (PCS) to Camp Kościuszko took place in February 2023.  IMCOM-Europe took responsibility for the garrison on 21 March 2023.

FOS Poznań was renamed Camp Kościuszko on 30 July 2022, for Thaddeus Kosciuszko (Tadeusz Kościuszko), a hero of the American Revolutionary War who is commemorated in the US and Poland.
History of the Loss of Vietnam
History of the Loss of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Việt Nam vong quốc sử, Chinese: 越南亡國史; pinyin: Yuènán Wángguó Shǐ) is a Literary Chinese book written by Phan Bội Châu, the leading Vietnamese anti-colonial revolutionary of the early 20th century, in 1905 while he was in Japan.

It was published by Liang Qichao, a leading Chinese nationalist revolutionary scholar then in Japan, who assisted Phan during his time attempting to drum up support for Vietnamese independence in China. The book was intended for distribution mainly in China and abroad, but also for smuggling into Vietnam to rally people to the cause of Vietnamese independence.: 114  The book helped popularize the word "Vietnam."  At the time, the country was generally called "Annam."

Although named under History, the book is rather a memoir than a regular history book, due to the author's working method - lack of reference documents then based mainly on his own memory.: 11

Phan Bội Châu
Phan Bội Châu (Vietnamese: [faːn ɓôjˀ cəw]; 26 December 1867 – 29 October 1940) was a Vietnamese nationalist and revolutionary. In 1904, he formed a revolutionary organization called Duy Tân Hội ("Modernization Association") and initiated the Đông Du movement. From 1905 to 1908, he lived in Japan where he wrote political tracts calling for the independence of Vietnam from French colonial rule. After being forced to leave Japan, he moved to China where he was influenced by Sun Yat-sen and gradually shifted his political position from monarchist to democrat. In 1912, he disbanded Duy Tân Hội to form Việt Nam Quang Phục Hội (“Vietnamese Restoration League”), modeled after Sun Yat-sen's republican party.: 149–151  In 1925, French agents seized him in Shanghai. He was convicted of treason and spent the rest of his life under house arrest in Huế.
Epithelantha micromeris
Epithelantha micromeris is a button cactus in the genus Epithelantha, found in Arizona, New Mexico, Texas and northeast Mexico. It is characterized by its white-grey spines growing on a globular shaped stem.  The density of its white spines give it the illusion of being completely grey, making it very difficult to see the green color beneath. It grows to be 1–5 cm tall, and roughly 2–4 cm in diameter.  E. micromeris produces small, pink-white flowers, often considered to be some of the smallest of the cacti.  These flowers give way to a bright red, cylindrical fruit which contains several black seeds and also is edible.

Epithelantha
Epithelantha (button cactus) is a genus of cactus that is native to north-eastern Mexico, and the south-western United States from western Texas to Arizona. There are eight species recognised in the genus Epithelantha. The name Epithelantha refers to the flower position near the apex of the tubercles.
Boserup
Boserup is a Danish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anders Boserup (1940–1990), Danish researcher

Bodil Boserup (1921–1995), Danish politician

Ester Boserup (1910–1999), Danish economist

Julia Boserup (born 1991), American tennis player

Scandinavian family name etymology
Heritable family names were generally adopted rather late within Scandinavia. Nobility were the first to take names that would be passed on from one generation to the next. Later, clergy, artisans and merchants in cities took heritable names. Family names (surnames) were still used together with primary patronyms (father's name plus an affix denoting relationship), which were used by all social classes. This meant that most families until modern times did not have surnames. Scandinavian patronyms were generally derived from the father's given name with the addition of a suffix meaning 'son' or 'daughter' or by occupation like Møller - ( Miller ) naming tradition remained commonly used throughout the Scandinavian countries during the time of surname formation.
Forms of the patronymic suffixes include: -son, -sen, -fen, -søn, -ler, -zen, -zon/zoon, and -sson,'datter'.
2023 Maia Challenger
The 2023 Maia Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Maia, Portugal from 27 November to 3 December 2023.

2023 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2023 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2023 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 196 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 46th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 15th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Mevo Horon
Mevo Horon (Hebrew: מבוא חורון, lit. 'Horon Gateway') is an Israeli settlement and religious moshav shitufi in the Israeli-occupied West Bank. Located near Latrun and the city of Modi'in, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Binyamin Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 2,590.

The settlement was established directly on the former Palestinian villages of Yalo, Imwas and Bayt Nuba, ethnically cleansed and destroyed by the Israel Defense Forces during the Six-Day War. The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

Mateh Binyamin Regional Council
Mateh Binyamin Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית מטה בנימין, Mo'atza Azorit Mateh Binyamin, Lit. Council for the Region of the Tribe of Benjamin) is a regional council governing 47 Israeli settlements and outposts in the West Bank. The council's jurisdiction is from the Jordan valley in the east to the Samarian foothills in the west, and from the Shiloh creek in the north to the Jerusalem Mountains in the south.

The seat of the council is Psagot. The council is named for the ancient Israelite tribe of Benjamin, whose territory roughly corresponds to that of the council. The region in which the Binyamin settlements are located is referred to as the Binyamin Region.

The international community considers Israeli settlements to be illegal, but the state of Israel disputes this, and this applies to all communities under the administration of Mateh Binyamin.
Jaunpagasts
Jaunpagasts (also known as Virbi) is a village in the Virbi Parish of Talsi Municipality in the Courland region of Latvia. Jaunpagasts is the center of the parish. Located on the left bank of the Virbu River, along Ventspils—Tukums II railway (Sabile station), it is 16 km away from the municipality center Talsi and 105 km from Riga, the national capital.

Jaunpagasts is home to the parish administration, Virbu primary school, cultural center, kindergarten, library, family doctor's practice, and the Neivakene Old Believers Church (built in 1928). The largest companies are SIA "Jaunpagasts Plus" (Brūzī) and SIA "Jaunalko".

Talsi
Talsi (pronunciationⓘ; Livonian: Tālsa, German: Talsen) (population 11,371) is a town in the Courland region of Latvia. It is the administrative centre of Talsi Municipality. It is nicknamed the "green pearl of Courland".
Texas's 28th Senate district
District 28 of the Texas Senate is a senatorial district that currently serves Baylor, Childress, Coleman, Collingsworth, Concho, Cottle, Crosby, Dickens, Donley, Fisher, Floyd, Foard, Garza, Gray, Hale, Hardeman, Haskell, Hockley, Jones, Kent, King, Knox, Lamb, Lubbock, Lynn, Mason, McCulloch, Menard, Mills, Motley, Nolan, Runnels, San Saba, Stonewall, Taylor, Terry, Throckmorton, Tom Green, Wheeler, Wilbarger counties and a portion of Wichita county in the U.S. state of Texas.

The current senator from District 28 is Charles Perry.

Menard County, Texas
Menard County is a county located on the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,962. The county seat is Menard. The county was created in 1858 and later organized in 1871. It is named for Michel Branamour Menard, the founder of Galveston, Texas.
2023 vote of no confidence in the government of Pedro Sánchez
A motion of no confidence in the Spanish government of Pedro Sánchez was debated and voted in the Congress of Deputies between 21 and 22 March 2023. It was brought by far-right Vox in response to Sánchez's proposed reforms of the Criminal Code to modify the embezzlement and sedition crimes, which the party regarded as a "self-coup". It was the sixth motion of no confidence in Spain since the country's transition to democracy.

Vox announced that it would not field party leader Santiago Abascal as candidate for the motion—its second during the term of the 14th Cortes Generales—instead proposing an independent figure, which it struggled to find until 89-year old former politician Ramón Tamames accepted the task. The opposition People's Party (PP) under Alberto Núñez Feijóo stated that it would not vote against the motion—unlike the 2020 vote—but that it would abstain instead.

2020 vote of no confidence in the government of Pedro Sánchez
A motion of no confidence in the Spanish government of Pedro Sánchez was debated and voted in the Congress of Deputies between 21 and 22 October 2020. It was brought by the far-right party Vox, on the grounds of an alleged mismanagement of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain by Sánchez's government. It was the fifth motion of no confidence in Spain since the country's transition to democracy.

No party other than Vox (which had 52 deputies in the Congress) showed a willingness to support the motion, a fact that, coupled with parliamentary arithmetics—with Spanish right-from-centre parties commanding 153 out of the 176 seats required for it to pass even in the event that they coordinated themselves to support it—meant that it would fail in its attempt to bring down Sánchez's government. With the voting resulting in only 52 in support of the motion to 298 against, it became the least-supported motion of no confidence in Spanish history.
19th Helpmann Awards
The 19th Annual Helpmann Awards for live performance in Australia was held across two nights; the Curtain Raiser Ceremony on 14 July 2019 and the Awards Ceremony on 15 July 2019 at the Arts Centre Melbourne. Nominations were announced on 12 June 2019.

Major winners of the awards included cross-cultural play Counting & Cracking (seven awards including Best Play and Best New Australian Work), Indigenous musical Barbara and the Camp Dogs (four awards including Best Musical and Best Original Score) and opera The Magic Flute from Komische Oper Berlin (three awards including Best Opera).

Helpmann Award for Best Play
The Helpmann Award for Best Play is a theatre award, presented by Live Performance Australia (LPA) at the annual Helpmann Awards since 2001.  The award is for a production of a play, which may be a new work or a revival of an existing work. This is a list of winners and nominations for the Helpmann Award for Best Play.
Museum of Jewish Culture
The Museum of Jewish Culture (Slovak: Múzeum židovskej kultúry) is a museum in Bratislava, Slovakia, which focuses on the history of the Jews in Slovakia. Opened in 1993, it is a component of the Slovak National Museum, and its director is Pavol Mešťan.

Slovak National Museum
The Slovak National Museum (Slovak: Slovenské národné múzeum) is the most important institution focusing on scientific research and cultural education in the field of museology in Slovakia. Its beginnings "are connected with the endeavour of the Slovak nation for national emancipation and self-determination".

It is headquartered in Bratislava; however, the Slovak National Museum governs 18 specialized museums, most of which are located outside the city.
Pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide
The pheromone biosynthesis activation neuropeptide (PBAN) is a neurohormone (member of the PBAN/pyrokinin neuropeptide family) that activates the biosynthesis of pheromones in moths. Female moths release PBAN into their hemolymph during the scotophase to stimulate the biosynthesis of the unique pheromone that will attract the conspecific males. PBAN release is drastically reduced after mating, contributing to the loss in female receptivity. In black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon), it has been shown that the juvenile hormone helps induce release of PBAN which goes on to influence pheromone production and responsiveness in females and males, respectively. In the oriental tobacco budworm (Helicoverpa assulta), the circadian rhythm of pheromone production is closely associated with PBAN release.

Neuropeptide
Neuropeptides are chemical messengers made up of small chains of amino acids that are synthesized and released by neurons. Neuropeptides typically bind to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to modulate neural activity and other tissues like the gut, muscles, and heart.

Neuropeptides are synthesized from large precursor proteins which are cleaved and post-translationally processed then packaged into large dense core vesicles. Neuropeptides are often co-released with other neuropeptides and neurotransmitters in a single neuron, yielding a multitude of effects. Once released, neuropeptides can diffuse widely to affect a broad range of targets.

Neuropeptides are extremely ancient and highly diverse chemical messengers. Placozoans such as Trichoplax, extremely basal animals which do not possess neurons, use peptides for cell-to-cell communication in a way similar to the neuropeptides of higher animals.
Minor Basilica of the Most Holy Rosary
The Collegiate Basilica of the Most Holy Rosary, also known as the Matrix Church or Cathedral (Italian: Basilica minore del Santissimo Rosario) is a Catholic Minor Basilica located in Francavilla Fontana, an Italian municipality in the province of Brindisi in Apulia. It is the largest church in the Diocese of Oria, of which it is part, and has the highest dome in Salento, with a diameter of 13 meters.

The present building is the result of reconstruction in 1743, after an earthquake had destroyed much of the church built in the 14th century at the behest of Philip I of Taranto.

Charles Borromeo
Charles Borromeo (Italian: Carlo Borromeo; Latin: Carolus Borromeus; 2 October 1538 – 3 November 1584) was an Italian Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Milan from 1564 to 1584. He was made a cardinal in 1560.

Borromeo founded the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine and was a leading figure of the Counter-Reformation together with Ignatius of Loyola and Philip Neri. In that role, he was responsible for significant reforms in the Catholic Church, including the founding of seminaries for the education of priests. He was canonized in 1610 and his feast day is 4 November.
Absolute neighborhood retract
In mathematics, especially algebraic topology, an absolute neighborhood retract (or ANR) is a "nice" topological space that is considered in homotopy theory; more specifically, in the theory of retracts.

For a more general introduction to ANRs, see also Retraction (topology)#Absolute neighborhood retract (ANR). This article focuses more on results on ANRs.

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
Presidential transition of Barack Obama
Barack Obama's presidential transition began when he won the United States presidential election on November 4, 2008, and became the president-elect. Obama was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 15, 2008. The results were certified by a joint session of Congress on January 8, 2009, and the transition ended when Obama was inaugurated on January 20, 2009.

Council on Environmental Quality
The Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) is a division of the Executive Office of the President that coordinates federal environmental efforts in the United States and works closely with agencies and other White House offices on the development of environmental and energy policies and initiatives.
Falklands War order of battle: Argentine ground forces
This is a list of the ground forces from Argentina that took part in the Falklands War (Spanish: Guerra de las Malvinas). For a list of ground forces from the United Kingdom, see Falklands War order of battle: British ground forces.

Battle of Mount Harriet
The Battle of Mount Harriet was an engagement of the Falklands War, which took place on the night of 11/12 June 1982 between British and Argentine forces. It was one of three battles in a Brigade-size operation all on the same night, the other two being the Battle of Mount Longdon and the Battle of Two Sisters.

One of a number of night battles that took place during the British advance towards Stanley, the battle led to British troops capturing all the heights above the town, allowing its capture and the surrender of the Argentine forces on the islands.
Professional sports in the Western United States
Professional sports have existed in the United States since the late 19th century. The NFL, MLB, NBA and NHL have millions of fans across the nation and are an important part of American culture.  Professional sports did not enter into the American West until the mid-twentieth century. However, the expansion of professional sports into the West has helped to increase the popularity of each of the professional leagues and has changed the landscape of professional sports in America.

California Golden Seals
The California Golden Seals were a professional ice hockey club that competed in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1967 to 1976. Based in Oakland, California, they played their home games at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum Arena. The Seals were one of six teams added to the league as part of the 1967 NHL expansion. Initially named the California Seals, the team was renamed the Oakland Seals during the 1967–68 season and then the Bay Area Seals in 1970 before becoming the California Golden Seals the same year.

The Seals were the least successful of the teams added in the 1967 expansion, never earning a winning record and only making the playoffs twice in nine seasons of play. Off the ice, they were plagued by low attendance. The franchise was relocated in 1976 to become the Cleveland Barons, who would merge with the Minnesota North Stars two years later. They were the only franchise from the 1967 expansion to not reach the Stanley Cup Final.
White Roding
White Roding is a village and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. The village is included in the eight hamlets and villages called The Rodings. White Roding is 8 miles (13 km) north-west from the county town of Chelmsford. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 321.

Great Dunmow
Great Dunmow or Dunmow is a historic market town and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. It lies to the north of the A120 road, approximately midway between Bishop's Stortford and Braintree, 5 miles (8 km) east of London Stansted Airport. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 10,630 and the built up area had a population of 10,395.

The town is on the site of a Roman settlement on Stane Street, in the upper valley of the River Chelmer.
Rangitāne
Rangitāne is a Māori iwi (tribe). Their rohe (territory) is in the Manawatū, Horowhenua, Wairarapa and Marlborough areas of New Zealand.

The iwi was formed as one of two divisions (aside from Muaūpoko) of the expedition team led by Whātonga, a chief from the Māhia Peninsula and father of Tara-Ika a Nohu of Te Whanganui-a-Tara fame.

Muaūpoko
Muaūpoko is a Māori iwi on the Kāpiti Coast of New Zealand.

Muaūpoko are descended from the ancestor Tara, whose name has been given to many New Zealand landmarks, most notably Te Whanganui-a-Tara (Wellington). His people were known as Ngāi Tara, although more recently they took the name Muaūpoko, meaning the people living at the head (ūpoko) of the fish of Māui (that is, the southernmost end of the North Island.)

Muaūpoko's traditional area is in the Horowhenua/Kāpiti Coast/Wellington region. In the early nineteenth century Ngāi Tara were a large iwi occupying the area between the Tararua Ranges in the east and the Tasman Sea in the west, from Sinclair Head in the south to the Rangitīkei River in the north. Some hapū had even settled in Queen Charlotte Sound in the 17th century.
Fusafjorden
Fusafjorden (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈfʉ̂ːsɑˌfjuːɳ]) is a fjord in Vestland county, Norway. It lies in between Bjørnafjorden Municipality and Tysnes Municipality. The 13-kilometre (8.1 mi) long fjord branches off northwards from the Bjørnafjorden at the village of Osøyro. The Fusafjorden is a wide fjord that branches into three arms at Bogøya.  The three arms are Samnangerfjorden, Ådlandsfjorden, and Eikelandsfjorden.

Bjørnafjorden Municipality
Bjørnafjorden is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the Midhordland region of the county. The administrative centre of Bjørnafjorden is the village of Osøyro. Other villages in the municipality include Eikelandsosen, Fusa, Hagavik, Haljem, Holdhus, Holmefjord, Strandvik, Sundvor, Syfteland, Søre Øyane, Søvik, and Vinnes.

The 517.4-square-kilometre (199.8 sq mi) municipality is the 204th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Bjørnafjorden Municipality is the 46th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 26,342. The municipality's population density is 50.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (132/sq mi) and its population has increased by 15.9% over the previous 10-year period.