hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sanchong District
Sanchong District (Chinese: 三重區; pinyin: Sānchóng Qū; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sam-tiông-khu) is a district in the western part of New Taipei City, Taiwan. With an area of 16.32 km2 and a population of 380,699 people (February 2023), it has the fourth highest population density in Taiwan and 23rd highest in the world, with over 23,900 people per km2.

Wugu District
Wugu District (Chinese: 五股區; pinyin: Wǔgǔ Qū; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Gō͘-kó͘-khu) is a suburban district in the western part of New Taipei City in northern Taiwan.  It has an area of 34.86 km2 and a population of 90,465 people (2022).
Brentford and Isleworth (electoral division)
Brentford and Isleworth was an electoral division for the purposes of elections to the Greater London Council. The constituency elected one councillor for a four-year term in 1973, 1977 and 1981, with the final term extended for an extra year ahead of the abolition of the Greater London Council.

Greater London Council
The Greater London Council (GLC) was the top-tier local government administrative body for Greater London from 1965 to 1986. It replaced the earlier London County Council (LCC) which had covered a much smaller area. The GLC was dissolved in 1986 by the Local Government Act 1985 and its powers were devolved to the London boroughs and other entities. A new administrative body, known as the Greater London Authority (GLA), was established in 2000.
Edward A. Oppen
Edward Augustus William Oppen was a Prussian-born philatelist who was the creator of one of the first stamp catalogues in English as well as the author of a number of foreign language textbooks. He taught at Haileybury College. In a stamp collecting journal, he was described as a "...classical teacher".

Stamp catalog
A stamp catalog (or stamp catalogue) is a catalog of postage stamp types with descriptions and prices.

The stamp catalog is an essential tool of philately and stamp collecting. Stamp catalogs are part of philatelic literature.

Similar catalogs of other collectible objects, such as matchboxes (phillumeny) and postcards (deltiology) have also been issued.
Maurangerfjorden
Maurangerfjorden is a fjord in Kvinnherad Municipality in Vestland county, Norway.  The 12-kilometre (7.5 mi) long fjord is a small branch off of the main Hardangerfjorden. The inner end of the Maurangsfjorden branches into the Nordrepollen and Austrepollen. There are several villages located along the fjord: Ænes, Sunndal, Austrepollen, Nordrepollen, and Gjetingsdalen. The Mauranger Hydroelectric Power Station is located in the village of Austrepollen.

Mauranger Hydroelectric Power Station
The Mauranger Power Station  is a hydroelectric power station located in Kvinnherad Municipality, Vestland county, Norway. It operates at an installed capacity of 250 megawatts (340,000 hp), with an average annual production of about 1,192 gigawatt-hours (4,290 TJ).
Elymus pungens
Elymus pungens, the sea couch grass, is a species of grass of the genus Elymus in the family Poaceae. It is a common grass species native to Europe and Asia. Elymus pungens is typically found in sandy, and saline environments and can tolerate harsh weather conditions; because of this it is a common pioneer species typically associated with sand dunes.

Elymus (plant)
Elymus is a genus of perennial plants with approximately 150 species in the grass family,  related to rye, wheat, and other widely grown cereal grains.

Elymus is a cosmopolitan genus, represented by species across all continents of the world.
Common names include couch grass, wild rye and wheatgrass.

The genus name Elymus comes from the Greek ἔλυμος (élumos) "foxtail millet, Setaria italica".
Fornes Chapel
Fornes Chapel (Norwegian: Fornes kapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Andøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is an annex chapel, located in the village of Fornes on the island of Hinnøya, in the Andøy parish of the Lofoten prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland. White and wooden, it was built in a long church style in 1965 and seats about 120 people.

Hinnøya
Hinnøya (Norwegian; Northern Sami: Iinnasuolu) is the fourth-largest island in Norway, and the largest outside the Svalbard archipelago. The 2,204.7-square-kilometre (851.2 sq mi) lies just off the western coast of Northern Norway.  The island sits on the border of Nordland and Troms counties. The western part of the island is in the district of Vesterålen, the southwestern part is in the Lofoten district, the southeastern part is in the Ofoten district, and the northeastern part is in Troms. As of 2017, Hinnøya had a population of 32,688. The only town on the island is the town of Harstad. Some of the larger villages include Borkenes, Lødingen, Sigerfjord, and Sørvik. The island is split between several municipalities: Harstad, Tjeldsund and Kvæfjord in Troms county, as well as Andøy, Hadsel, Lødingen, Sortland, and Vågan in Nordland county.
The Blackfriars of Shrewsbury
The Blackfriars of Shrewsbury: History of the Dominican Friary is a 2005 short historical book by Paul Marsden, the former Shrewsbury MP, about the Dominican friars who arrived in Shrewsbury, England, in 1230 and built a church, cloisters, Lady chapel and series of outbuildings.

Shrewsbury (UK Parliament constituency)
Shrewsbury is a parliamentary constituency in England, centred on the town of Shrewsbury in Shropshire. It has been represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom since 2024 by Julia Buckley. 
A constituency for the town has existed since the 13th century; it was known as Shrewsbury and Atcham between 1983 and 2024.
Morgan Hill State Forest
Morgan Hill State Forest is a state forest in Onondaga County and Cortland County, New York, United States.

It includes 11.2 miles (18.0 km) of hiking trails and 11.5 miles (18.5 km) of public forest access roads. The hiking trails are part of the main North Country Trail and Onondaga Branch of the Finger Lakes Trail.

It includes much or all of the Morgan Hill mountain.

New York State Forests
New York State Forests are public lands administered by the Division of Lands and Forests of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC). New York State Forests are designated as reforestation, multiple use, and unique areas; and state nature and historic preserves, with approximately 600,000 acres (2,400 km2) classified as reforestation areas and approximately 9,000 acres (36 km2) classified as multiple use lands. Land within the Adirondack Park or the Catskill Park is not included as part of the State Forest system.
Biar
Biar (Valencian: [biˈaɾ]; Spanish: [biˈaɾ]) is a town and municipality in the comarca of Alt Vinalopó,  province of Alicante, Spain. Biar lies at the foot of the Serra de Mariola and is located 39 km from the city of Alicante.

The economy in Biar is based on manufacture, particularly dolls, and pottery.

On the origin of the name of this town there are two versions, one says that it comes from the Latin word apiarium meaning "place of bees", justifying this giving the importance that Biar had as a producer and exporter of honey, and the other says it is derived from the Arabic word  (biʿar) "well" o بِئَار (biʿār) "wells"

Alicante
Alicante or Alacant (officially: Alacant / Alicante) is a city and municipality in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is the capital of the province of Alicante and a historic Mediterranean port. With a population of 358,608 as of 2024, it is the 2nd-largest city in the Valencian Community and the 10th-largest in Spain.

Together with Elche (Elx) and other municipalities, Alicante forms a conurbation of nearly 1 million inhabitants.
Supercritical liquid–gas boundaries
Supercritical liquid–gas boundaries are lines in the pressure-temperature (pT) diagram that delimit more liquid-like and more gas-like states of a supercritical fluid. They comprise the Fisher–Widom line, the Widom line, and the Frenkel line.

Phase diagram
A phase diagram in physical chemistry, engineering, mineralogy, and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions (pressure, temperature,  etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases (such as solid, liquid or gaseous states) occur and coexist at equilibrium.
Howard Ferguson (composer)
Howard Ferguson (21 October 1908 – 31 October 1999) was an Irish composer and musicologist from Belfast. He composed instrumental, chamber, orchestral and choral works. While his music is not widely known today, his Piano Sonata in F minor, Op. 8 and his Five Bagatelles, Op. 9, for piano are still performed. His works represent some of the most important 20th-century music to emerge from Northern Ireland.

Howard Shelley
Howard Gordon Shelley OBE (born 9 March 1950) is a British pianist and conductor. He was educated at Highgate School and the Royal College of Music. He was married to fellow pianist Hilary Macnamara with whom he performed and recorded in a two-piano partnership until her death in 2021.
TNA Impact! Primetime Special
The TNA Impact! Primetime Special was a special 2-hour episode for the American television program TNA Impact!, produced by the professional wrestling promotion of Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. The show took place on November 3, 2005, and was broadcast live from Soundstage 21 (known as the Impact Zone) in Universal Studios Florida  in Orlando, Florida.

TNA Impact!
TNA Impact!, also known as TNA Thursday Night Impact! or simply Impact! (stylized as iMPACT!), is an American professional wrestling television program produced by the American promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) that debuted on June 4, 2004. It also features wrestlers from WWE's NXT brand due to the working relationship between the two companies.

The series currently airs every Thursday at 9 p.m. Eastern Time (ET) on AMC as well as streaming on AMC+ in the United States and TNA+ internationally, owned by its parent company Anthem Sports & Entertainment. It premiered on AMC on January 15, 2026.
Lincoln National Park
Lincoln National Park is a protected area in the Australian state of South Australia located about 249 kilometres (155 mi) west of the state capital of Adelaide and about 9.5 kilometres (5.9 mi) south of the municipal seat of Port Lincoln. It consists of a mainland area on the Jussieu Peninsula on the south eastern tip of Eyre Peninsula and a number of nearby islands. The national park contains significant sites of natural, indigenous and early European heritage.

Taylor Island
Taylor Island, also known as Taylor's Island, is the largest in a group of seven islands located between the Eyre Peninsula mainland and Thistle Island in the mouth of Spencer Gulf, South Australia. Taylor's Island has been used principally for the grazing of sheep, while its surrounding waters are well regarded fishing grounds.
Synchronous frame
A synchronous frame is a reference frame in which the time coordinate defines proper time for all co-moving observers. It is built by choosing some constant time hypersurface as an origin, such that has in every point a  normal along the time line and a light cone with an apex in that point can be constructed; all interval elements on this hypersurface are space-like. A family of geodesics normal to this hypersurface are drawn and defined as the time coordinates with a beginning at the hypersurface. In terms of metric-tensor components , a synchronous frame is defined such that

where  Such a construct, and hence, choice of synchronous frame, is always possible though it is not unique. It allows any transformation of space coordinates that does not depend on time and, additionally, a transformation brought about by the arbitrary choice of hypersurface used for this geometric construct.

Coordinate system
In geometry, a coordinate system is a system that uses one or more numbers, or coordinates, to uniquely determine and standardize the position of the points or other geometric elements on a manifold such as Euclidean space. The coordinates are not interchangeable; they are commonly distinguished by their position in an ordered tuple, or by a label, such as in "the x-coordinate". The coordinates are taken to be real numbers in elementary mathematics, but may be complex numbers or elements of a more abstract system such as a commutative ring. The use of a coordinate system allows problems in geometry to be translated into problems about numbers and vice versa; this is the basis of analytic geometry.
Criminal Statutes Repeal Act 1861
The Criminal Statutes Repeal Act 1861 (24 & 25 Vict. c. 95) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that repealed for England and Wales and Ireland enactments relating to the English criminal law from 1634 to 1860. The act was intended, in particular, to facilitate the preparation of a revised edition of the statutes.

The act was one of the Criminal Law Consolidation Acts 1861, which consolidated, repealed and replaced a large number of existing statutes.

Reading (legislature)
A reading of a bill is a stage of debate on the bill held by a general body of a legislature.

In the Westminster system, developed in the United Kingdom, there are generally three readings of a bill as it passes through the stages of becoming, or failing to become, legislation. Some of these readings may be formalities rather than actual debate. Legislative bodies in the United States also have readings.

The procedure dates back to the centuries before literacy was widespread. Since many members of Parliament were illiterate, the Clerk of Parliament would read aloud a bill to inform members of its contents. By the end of the 16th century, it was practice to have the bill read on three occasions before it was passed.
MasterChef (Brazilian TV series) season 11
The eleventh season of the Brazilian competitive reality television series MasterChef  premiered on May 28, 2024, at 10:30 / 9:30 p.m. (BRT / AMT) on Band.

Ana Paula Padrão returned as the host, while Érick Jacquin and Helena Rizzo also returned as judges. This season marks the return of Henrique Fogaça as judge.

The grand prize is R$350.000 courtesy by Stone, a scholarship on Le Cordon Bleu, a special cookware set by Royal Prestige, R$50.000 in products by Camicado, a store Seu Espresso by Aram, a gourmand kitchen offered by Brastemp and the MasterChef trophy.

Analyst José Roberto Gomes won the competition over journalist Giorgia Paladini on November 12, 2024.

MasterChef (Brazilian TV series)
MasterChef, also known as MasterChef Brasil, is the Brazilian version of the competitive cooking reality show MasterChef airing on Band. The series premiered on September 2, 2014.

Amateur chefs compete to become the best amateur home cook in Brazil through challenges issued by judges Érick Jacquin, Paola Carosella and Henrique Fogaça. Ana Paula Padrão is the main host.

Earlier in 2021, Paola Carosella announced that she would be departing from the show. Her spot will be filled by Helena Rizzo in the next edition of the competition.
Convexoid operator
In mathematics, especially operator theory, a convexoid operator is a bounded linear operator T on a complex Hilbert space H such that the closure of the numerical range coincides with the convex hull of its spectrum.

An example of such an operator is a normal operator (or some of its generalization).

A closely related operator is a spectraloid operator: an operator whose spectral radius coincides with its numerical radius. In fact, an operator T is convexoid if and only if  is spectraloid for every complex number .

Operator theory
In mathematics, operator theory is the study of linear operators on function spaces, beginning with differential operators and integral operators. The operators may be presented abstractly by their characteristics, such as bounded linear operators or closed operators, and consideration may be given to nonlinear operators. The study, which depends heavily on the topology of function spaces, is a branch of functional analysis.

If a collection of operators forms an algebra over a field, then it is an operator algebra. The description of operator algebras is part of operator theory.
Anarak, Qaleh Ganj
Anarak (Persian: انارك, also Romanized as Ānārak) is a village in Rameshk Rural District, Chah Dadkhoda District, Qaleh Ganj County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 29, in 8 families.

Rameshk Rural District
Rameshk Rural District (Persian: دهستان رمشك) is in Chah Dadkhoda District of Qaleh Ganj County, Kerman province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kangaru. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Rameshk, now a city.
2018 South Dakota gubernatorial election
The 2018 South Dakota gubernatorial election took place on November 6, 2018, to elect the next governor of South Dakota. Incumbent Republican governor Dennis Daugaard was term-limited and could not seek a third consecutive term.

Republican candidate Kristi Noem won against Democratic candidate Billie Sutton in the closest gubernatorial election in South Dakota history. Noem also became the first female governor of the state. Her victory extended the longest active hold on a governorship by one party; the GOP had won every gubernatorial election in South Dakota starting in 1978. Conversely, Noem's vote percentage of 51% was the worst performance for any Republican gubernatorial candidate in the state since 1974, while Sutton's 47.6% was the best for any Democratic candidate since 1986.

South Dakota Senate
The South Dakota Senate is the upper house of the South Dakota Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of South Dakota. The lower house is the South Dakota House of Representatives. It consists of 35 members, one representing each legislative district, who can serve up to four consecutive two-year terms. It meets at the South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre.
Voss (traditional district)
Voss Listenⓘ is a traditional district in Vestland county, Norway. The region is dominated by valleys, mountains, and lakes, located between the Sognefjord and Hardangerfjord and east of the city of Bergen. The district consists of Voss Municipality since 1964 (prior to that time it included Voss Municipality, Vossestrand Municipality, and Evanger Municipality). The largest settlement in the district is Vossavangen.

Hardangerfjord
The Hardangerfjord (English: Hardanger Fjord) is the fifth longest fjord in the world and the second longest fjord in Norway. It is located in the Hardanger region of Vestland county in western Norway. The fjord stretches 180 kilometres (110 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean into the mountainous interior of Norway along the Hardangervidda plateau. The innermost point of the fjord reaches the town of Odda.
Baleia (São Vicente)
Baleia is a mountain valley in the eastern part of the island of São Vicente. Its orientation is west-east, and it lies south of Baía das Gatas and northwest of the beach Praia Grande. At its western end is Monte Verde, the highest point of São Vicente. At its eastern end is the Atlantic Ocean. Access is either from the coast or from Mato Inglês over a mountain pass.

Praia Grande, Cape Verde
Praia Grande (Portuguese meaning "large beach") is a large beach on the northeast coast of the island of São Vicente, Cape Verde. It is 1.5 km northwest of the village Calhau. The white sandy beach is surrounded by volcanic rocks. It is accessible by road from Calhau and Baía das Gatas.
Agnes Stavenhagen
Agnes Stavenhagen (3 September 1860 – 30 September 1945), pseudonym Agnes Denis, was a German operatic soprano. Through her work at the Weimarer Hoftheater and in concerts throughout Europe, she was a highly esteemed Kammersängerin and achieved great popularity during her lifetime. She was soprano soloist in the first performance in Munich of Mahler's Second Symphony in 1900, conducted by the composer.

Kapellmeister
Kapellmeister (/kəˈpɛlmaɪstər/ kə-PEL-my-stər, US also /kɑːˈ-/ kah-, German: [kaˈpɛlˌmaɪstɐ] ⓘ), from Kapelle ('chapel') and Meister ('master'), literally 'master of the chapel choir', is a word of German origin that designates the leader of an ensemble of musicians. Originally used to refer to somebody in charge of music in a chapel, the term has evolved considerably in its meaning and is today used for denoting the leader of a musical ensemble, often smaller ones used for TV, radio, and theatre.
Makita
Makita Corporation (株式会社マキタ, kabushiki gaisha Makita) (TYO: 6586) is a Japanese manufacturer of power tools.  Founded on March 21, 1915, it is based in Anjō, Japan and operates factories in Brazil, China, Japan, Mexico, Romania, the United Kingdom, Germany, United Arab Emirates, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Canada, and the United States.

Tokyo Stock Exchange
The Tokyo Stock Exchange (東京証券取引所, Tōkyō Shōken Torihikijo), abbreviated as Tosho (東証) or TSE/TYO, is a stock exchange located in Tokyo, Japan.

The exchange is owned by Japan Exchange Group (JPX), a holding company that it also lists (TYO: 8697), and operated by Tokyo Stock Exchange, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of JPX. JPX was formed from the merger of Tokyo Stock Exchange Group, Inc. with Osaka Securities Exchange Co., Ltd. (now Osaka Exchange, Inc.); the merger process began in July 2012, when said merger was approved by the Japan Fair Trade Commission. JPX itself was launched on January 1, 2013.
Essence (A Guy Called Gerald album)
Essence is the fifth studio album by electronic producer A Guy Called Gerald, which was released on August 14, 2000, through Studio !K7. The album, which initially was intended to be released as Aquarius Rising, is noted for its usage of vocals, something rarely utilized in his previous recordings. According to Gerald Simpson, the album is an attempt for him to focus on melody and songwriting compared to his previous album Black Secret Technology.

Black Secret Technology
Black Secret Technology is an album by the British electronic music producer A Guy Called Gerald. It was released in March 1995 through Gerald's own label Juice Box. It entered the CIN's Dance Albums Chart at No. 8 in April.

It was met with widespread critical acclaim. It has since been described as the best jungle album of all time by publications such as Fact, Pitchfork and Freaky Trigger.
Comparison of butterflies and moths
A common classification of the Lepidoptera involves their differentiation into butterflies and moths.  Butterflies are a natural monophyletic group, historically treated as the suborder Rhopalocera, which includes Papilionoidea (true butterflies), Hesperiidae (skippers), and Hedylidae (butterfly moths). In this taxonomic scheme, moths formed the suborder Heterocera. Other taxonomic schemes have been proposed, the most common putting the butterflies into the suborder Ditrysia and then the "superfamily" Papilionoidea and ignoring a classification for moths.

Lymantria dispar
Lymantria dispar, also known as the gypsy moth or the spongy moth, is a species of moth in the family Erebidae native to Europe and Asia. Lymantria dispar is subdivided into several subspecies, with subspecies such as L. d. dispar and L. d. japonica being clearly identifiable without ambiguity. Lymantria dispar has been introduced to several continents and is now additionally found as an invasive species in Africa, North America and South America. The polyphagous larvae live on a variety of deciduous and coniferous trees and can cause severe damage in years of mass reproduction. Due to these features, Lymantria dispar is listed among the world's 100 worst invasive alien species.
Athletics at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay
The women's 4 × 100 metres relay event at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games was held on 25 July at the Meadowbank Stadium in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was the first time that the metric distance was contested at the Games, replacing the 4 × 110 yards relay.

Athletics at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games
At the 1970 British Commonwealth Games, the athletics events were held at the Meadowbank Stadium in Edinburgh, Scotland. A total of 36 events were contested, of which 23 by male and 13 by female athletes. This was the first athletics competition at the British Commonwealth Games to feature events in metric units, rather than imperial units. One world record and two Games records were broken at the competition.