hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bridge of Ashes
Bridge of Ashes is an experimental science fiction novel by American writer Roger Zelazny. The paperback edition was published in 1976 and the hardcover in 1979. Zelazny describes the book as one of five books from which he learned things "that have borne me through thirty or so others". He states that he "felt that if I could pull it off I could achieve some powerful effects. What I learned from this book is something of the limits of puzzlement in that no man’s land between suspense and the weakening of communication".

Richard E. Geis
Richard E. Geis (July 19, 1927 – February 4, 2013) was an American science fiction fan and writer, and erotica writer, from Portland, Oregon, who won the Hugo Award for Best Fan Writer in 1971, 1975, 1976, 1977 (tied with Susan Wood), 1978, 1982 and 1983; and whose science fiction fanzine Science Fiction Review won the 1969, 1970, 1977 and 1979 Hugo Awards for Best Fanzine. His The Alien Critic won the Best Fanzine Hugo in 1974 (in a tie with Algol), and in 1975 as sole first place.

He was nominated for the Hugo for Best Fan Writer from 1970 to 1971 and 1973-1986 inclusive; his science fiction fanzines were nominated for the Hugo for Best Fanzine from 1968 to 1971 and 1974-1983 inclusive: a total of 30 Hugo nominations and 13 Hugos. Many of his recent SF-related writings may be read on his page at eFanzines.com.

As of 2005, Geis said he had published 114 books, "110 of them soft-core porn".
Edolphus Towns
Edolphus "Ed" Towns Jr. (born July 21, 1934) is an American educator, military veteran, and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives from 1983 to 2013. A Democrat from New York, Towns was Chairman of the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee from 2009 to 2011.

During his 30 years in Congress, Towns represented districts based in Brooklyn: first New York's 11th congressional district, from 1983 to 1993, and then the 10th district from 1993 to 2013.

United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce
The Committee on Energy and Commerce is one of the oldest standing committees of the United States House of Representatives. Established in 1795, it has operated continuously—with various name changes and jurisdictional changes—for more than 200 years. The two other House standing committees with such continuous operation are the House Ways and Means Committee and the House Rules Committee. The committee has served as the principal guide for the House in matters relating to the promotion of commerce and to the public's health and marketplace interests, with the relatively recent addition of energy considerations among them. Due to its broad jurisdiction, it is considered one of the most powerful committees in the House.
Minister for Civil Society
The minister for civil society was a position within the Department for Culture, Media and Sport in the Government of the United Kingdom. It concerned and directly supported charities, volunteering and social enterprise.

The office was established during the third Blair ministry as Minister for the Third Sector. The office was renamed to support the Big Society manifesto-committed agenda of the first and second Cameron ministries. Before the new commitments and Cabinet reshuffle on formation of the May Ministry in 2016 the Office for Civil Society supporting the Minister was part of the Cabinet Office. Some responsibilities were moved to the office of Minister for Sport and Civil Society following the 2017 general election.

Department for Culture, Media and Sport
The Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It holds the responsibility for culture and sport, and some aspects of the media throughout the UK, such as broadcasting. Its main offices are at 100 Parliament Street, occupying part of the building known as Government Offices Great George Street.

It also has responsibility for the tourism, leisure and creative industries (some jointly with the Department for Business and Trade). The department was also responsible for the delivery of the 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games.

From 2017 to 2023, the department had responsibility for the building of a digital economy and was known as the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. The responsibilities for digital policy were transferred to the newly created Department for Science, Innovation and Technology in the February 2023 cabinet reshuffle.
2007 ICC Awards
The 2007 ICC Awards were held on 10 September 2007 in Johannesburg, South Africa. Previous events were held in London (2004), Sydney (2005) and Mumbai (2006). Having been hosted since 2004, the ICC Awards were now into their fourth year. They were presented in association with the Federation of International Cricketers' Associations (FICA) and honours for Associate Player of the Year were also awarded for the first time. The ICC awards the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy to the Cricketer of the Year, which is considered to be the most prestigious award in world cricket.

2005 ICC Awards
The 2005 ICC Awards were held at the Four Seasons Hotel in Sydney, Australia on 11 October 2005. The judging period covered was from 1 August 2004 to 31 July 2005. This did not include the whole of the 2005 Ashes series, since the final four matches of this series were played in August and September. In association with the Federation of International Cricketers' Associations (FICA), the awards were presented by Hyundai at a function during the Super Series between champions Australia and the ICC World XI.
George Benedek
George Bernard Benedek (born December 1, 1928) is an American physicist and currently the Alfred H. Caspary Professor Emeritus of Physics and Biological Physics and of Health Sciences and Technology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

He graduated BS in physics at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1949, AM in physics at Harvard University in 1952 and PhD in physics from Harvard University in 1953; he was a doctoral student of Edward Mills Purcell.

Edward Mills Purcell
Edward Mills Purcell (August 30, 1912 – March 7, 1997) was an American physicist who shared  the 1952 Nobel Prize for Physics for his independent discovery (published 1946) of nuclear magnetic resonance in liquids and in solids. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has become widely used to study the molecular structure of pure materials and the composition of mixtures. Friends and colleagues knew him as Ed Purcell.
Lig RNA thermometer
Lig RNA thermometer is a cis-acting non-coding RNA element that controls ligA and ligB gene expression in Leptospira interrogans in response to temperature change. The lipoproteins LigA and LigB stimulate adhesion of the element and then hosting proteins. The RNA that composes of 175-nucleotide 5'UTR and the first six lig codons (identical in ligA and ligB) folds into two distinct-stem loop structures. Lig expression is limited by these double-stranded RNA structures because they occludes the ribosome-binding site. At higher temperatures, the ribosome binding site is exposed to promote translation initiation.

Double-stranded RNA
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is RNA with two complementary strands found in cells. It is similar to DNA but with the replacement of thymine by uracil and the adding of one oxygen atom. Despite the structural similarities, much less is known about dsRNA.

They form the genetic material of some viruses (double-stranded RNA viruses). dsRNA, such as viral RNA or siRNA, can trigger RNA interference in eukaryotes, as well as interferon response in vertebrates. In eukaryotes, dsRNA plays a role in the activation of the innate immune system against viral infections.
Staff Department of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force
The Staff Department of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force  (中国人民解放军陆军参谋部) is a major functional office of the PLAGF in charge of the main staff work of the Service. It is a Theater Deputy-grade unit, and it is based in Beijing.

People's Liberation Army Ground Force
The People's Liberation Army Ground Force (PLAGF), also referred to as the PLA Army, is the land warfare service branch of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), and also its largest and oldest branch. The PLAGF traces its lineage to 1927 as the Chinese Red Army; however, it was not officially established until 1948.
Tripylella
Tripylella is a genus of nematodes belonging to the family Tripylidae.

The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

Tripylella australis Xu, Zhao, Davies & Wang, 2017

Tripylella dentata Cid del Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016

Tripylella fatimaensis Cid del Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016

Tripylella incunda Andrássy, 2006

Tripylella intermedia (Bütschli, 1873) Brzeski & Winiszewska-Slipinska, 1993

Tripylella intermedia Bütschli, 1873

Tripylella iucunda Andrassy, 2008

Tripylella jianjuni Xu, Leduc, Ye & Zhao, 2018

Tripylella mexicana Cid del Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016

Tripylella muscusi Cid del Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016

Tripylella quitoensis Cid del Prado-Vera, Ferris & Nadler, 2016

Tripylella subintermedia Zhao, Xi & Xu, 2014

Tripylella mexicana
Tripylella mexicana is a species of nematodes, first found in Mexico. It can be distinguished by its rather short body (averaging 0.74 millimetres (0.029 in) in length); having a short pharynx; its short tail; possession of an excretory pore as well as setae distributed throughout its body; having body pores; its striated cuticle carrying several anastomoses; non-protruding vulval lips, as well as other characteristics.
K. Rani (singer)
K. Rani (4 September 1942 – 14 July 2018) was an Indian playback singer who has sung songs in Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, Sinhalese, Hindi, Bengali and Uzbek. Rani was the first female singer from India to sing in Sinhalese and Uzbek, and sang the national anthem of Sri Lanka (the "Sri Lanka Matha").

She performed before President of India Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, and Indian National Congress leader K. Kamaraj called her "Innisai Rani". Rani was invited to perform at the Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya centennial, travelling in an aeroplane chartered by the government of Karnataka.
Raj Kapoor provided the rhythms when she sang Hindi songs, including "O Maine Pyar Kia, Mai Kya Karu Ram Mujhe Budda Mil Gaya", at a stage show.

Rajan–Nagendra
Rajan–Nagendra was an Indian musical duo who were prominent composers of film music in Kannada and Telugu cinema from the late 1950s to the early 1990s. Rajan, along with his brother Nagendra, created a niche for themselves for nearly four decades. The duo scored music for about 375 films, over 200 of them in Kannada and the remainder in other languages like Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, Tulu, Hindi and Sinhala. They composed innumerable hits, hundreds of melodious tunes in their career spanning four decades. They also hold the record for the longest active musical pair in the industry.
Herbert Seidman
Herbert Seidman (17 October 1920 – 30 August 1995) was a U.S. Senior Master of chess born in New York City. He played several times in the U.S. Chess Championship. He was known for his swashbuckling-style.  He defeated many notable players, including Pal Benko, Arthur Bisguier, Donald Byrne, Arnold Denker, William Lombardy, Edmar Mednis, Samuel Reshevsky, and Jan Timman.

In 1961, Seidman won the most games of any player in the U.S. Championship, but did not win the tournament.

He played on board eight in the famous US vs USSR radio match in September 1945, losing both games to Viacheslav Ragozin.

William Lombardy
William James Joseph Lombardy (December 4, 1937 – October 13, 2017) was an American chess grandmaster, chess writer, teacher, and former Catholic priest. He was one of the leading American chess players during the 1950s and 1960s, and a contemporary of Bobby Fischer, whom he seconded during the World Chess Championship 1972. He won the World Junior Chess Championship in 1957, the only person to win that tournament with a perfect score. Lombardy led the U.S. Student Team to Gold in the 1960 World Student Team Championship in Leningrad.
Versant Corporation
Versant Corporation was an American-based software company building specialized NoSQL data management systems.  Versant was founded in Menlo Park, California (USA) in 1988. It was headquartered in Redwood City, California.

It was noted in 2005 that the market share for object oriented databases held by Versant was "very small" compared to IBM and Oracle.  However, two years earlier, Versant ODBMS and IBM UniData were mentioned side-by-side as "two of the most recent examples of object-oriented database software" in a bestselling database design text.

Rocket U2
Rocket U2 is a suite of database management (DBMS) and supporting software now owned by Rocket Software.  It includes two MultiValue database platforms: UniData and UniVerse.  Both of these products are operating environments which run on current Unix, Linux and Windows operating systems.  They are both derivatives of the Pick operating system. The family also includes developer and web-enabling technologies including SB/XA (sometimes known as SB+ or SystemBuilder), U2 Web Development Environment (WebDE), UniObjects connectivity API and wIntegrate terminal emulation software.
Parasitica
Parasitica (the parasitican wasps) is an obsolete, paraphyletic infraorder of Apocrita containing the parasitoid wasps. It includes all Apocrita except for the Aculeata. Parasitica has more members as a group than both the Symphyta and the Aculeata combined.

Parasitica also contains groups of phytophagous hymenopterans such as the Cynipoidea (gall wasps).

Aculeata
Aculeata is an infraorder of Hymenoptera containing ants, bees, and stinging wasps. The name is a reference to the defining feature of the group, which is the modification of the ovipositor into a stinger. However, many members of the group cannot sting, either retaining the ovipositor, or having lost it altogether. A large part of the clade is parasitic.

This group includes all of the eusocial Hymenopterans.

The oldest aculeates are known from the Late Jurassic Karabastau Formation of Kazakhstan, represented by the family Bethylonymidae, which may be para- or polyphyletic.
Sükhbaataryn Batbold
Sükhbaataryn Batbold (Mongolian: Сүхбаатарын Батболд, born June 24, 1963) is a prominent Mongolian political figure and leader, who was the 26th Prime Minister of Mongolia from 2009 to 2012, as well as Chairman of the Mongolian People's Party. He was previously Minister of Foreign Affairs in the government of his predecessor, Sanjaagiin Bayar.

As all Mongolians, he goes by one name, given at his birth, Batbold. Sukhbaatar is his father's name and Sukhbaataryn literally means "son of Sukhbaatar". So, Sukhbaatar is used as the last name in the Western style documents and Batbold as his first name. Because of this, he may also be recognized as Sukhbaatar Batbold or just Batbold.

Prime Minister of Mongolia
The prime minister of Mongolia is the head of government of Mongolia. The prime minister is nominated by the president, appointed by the Mongolian parliament or the State Great Khural, and can be removed by the parliament with a vote of no confidence. The incumbent prime minister is Gombojavyn Zandanshatar, who succeeded Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene on 13 June 2025, following his resignation.
1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment
The 1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment (French: 1er Régiment de Parachutistes d'Infanterie de Marine) or 1er RPIMa is a unit of the French Army Special Forces Command, therefore part of the Special Operations Command.

Heirs to the Free French paratroopers of the 3rd and 4th squadrons of the Special Air Service (SAS) founded in the United Kingdom during WWII, the 1er RPIMa is sometimes referred to as the "French SAS" and still uses the same motto as their British counterparts to this day: Qui ose gagne (French for "Who Dares Wins").

Croix de guerre des théâtres d'opérations extérieures
The Croix de guerre des théâtres d'opérations extérieurs (French pronunciation: [kʁwa d(ə) ɡɛʁ de teɑtʁ dɔpeʁɑsjɔ̃ ɛksteʁjœʁ]; "War Cross for Foreign Operational Theatres"), also called the Croix de Guerre TOE for short, is a French military award denoting citations earned in combat in foreign countries.  The Armistice of November 11, 1918 ended the war between France and Germany, but French soldiers continued fighting in theatres outside metropolitan France.  Combat operations continued in Syria, Palestine, Constantinople, Morocco, French West Africa and French Equatorial Africa.

The Croix de Guerre TOE is the second of three versions of the Croix de Guerre created since the award's inception, (the others being distinct versions for World War I and World War II), and the only one considered active for new awards.
Bukovžlak
Bukovžlak (pronounced [ˈbuːkɔʒlak]; German: Buchenschlag) is a settlement in the City Municipality of Celje in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the eastern outskirts of Celje, just north of Teharje. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Teharje
Teharje (pronounced [ˈteːxaɾjɛ]) is a settlement in the City Municipality of Celje in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the right bank of the Voglajna River on the eastern outskirts of Celje. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.
NGC 785
NGC 785 is an elliptical galaxy located around 217 million light-years away in the constellation Triangulum. NGC 785 was discovered in 1876 by Édouard Stephan, and it is around 102,000 light-years across in diameter. NGC 785 is not known to have an Active galactic nucleus, and is not known to have lots of star formation.

Triangulum
Triangulum is a small constellation in the northern sky. Its name is Latin for "triangle", derived from its three brightest stars, which form a long and narrow triangle. Known to the ancient Babylonians and Greeks, Triangulum was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy. The celestial cartographers Johann Bayer and John Flamsteed catalogued the constellation's stars, giving six of them Bayer designations.

The white stars Beta and Gamma Trianguli, of apparent magnitudes 3.00 and 4.00, respectively, form the base of the triangle and the yellow-white Alpha Trianguli, of magnitude 3.41, the apex. Iota Trianguli is a notable double star system, and there are three star systems with known planets located in Triangulum. The constellation contains several galaxies, the brightest and nearest of which is the Triangulum Galaxy or Messier 33—a member of the Local Group. The first quasar ever observed, 3C 48, also lies within the boundaries of Triangulum.
Oldfield Park railway station
Oldfield Park railway station is on the Great Western Main Line in South West England, serving the mainly residential areas of southern Bath, Somerset. It is 107 miles 72 chains (173.6 km) down the line from London Paddington and is situated between Bath Spa and Keynsham.

It is managed by Great Western Railway, which also operate all of the trains that call. The station is located at the junction of Brook Road and Moorland Road; the Brook Road bridge links the two platforms.

The station opened in 1929, however, the line through the site has been open since 1840.

Portsmouth Harbour railway station
Portsmouth Harbour railway station serves the city of Portsmouth, in Hampshire, England. It is situated in Portsmouth Harbour, between the Gunwharf Quays shopping centre and the Historic Dockyard. It is an important transport terminal, with a bus interchange and ferry services to Gosport and the Isle of Wight. Unusually for a main line railway station, it is built over water as the station was originally constructed on wooden piles, which were later replaced by iron supports.
Bangkok Marriott Hotel The Surawongse
The Bangkok Marriott Hotel The Surawongse (Thai: โรงแรม แบงค็อก แมริออท เดอะ สุรวงศ์) is a hotel in Bangkok, Thailand, that is part of the Marriott Hotels & Resorts brand. Owned by Asset World Corporation, the five-star hotel opened in 2018. The 32-floor building has 197 rooms and 106 suites. For hosting events, the hotel has two reception venues and 14 banquet spaces. The hotel has an infinity pool, a gym, and a spa.

The Surawongse has two restaurants and a bar. The third-floor Praya Kitchen, a buffet with Thai cuisine as the focal point, serves western dishes, sushi, and seafood. The 32nd-floor Yào Restaurant serves Shanghai cuisine, dim sum, and Cantonese delicacies. The 33rd-floor Yào Rooftop Bar serves Chinese snacks, bar food, and Chinese-inspired cocktails. The hotel has two lounges: the M Club Lounge is for customers staying in certain suites, while the Lobby Lounge serves tea.

Dumpling
Dumplings are a broad class of dishes that consist of pieces of cooked dough (made from a variety of starchy sources), often wrapped around a filling. The dough can be based on bread, wheat or other flours, or potatoes, and it may be filled with meat, fish, tofu, cheese, vegetables, or a combination. Dumplings may be prepared using a variety of cooking methods and are found in many world cuisines.

One of the earliest mentions of dumplings comes from the Chinese scholar Shu Xi who mentions them in a fu poem 1,700 years ago. In addition, archaeologically preserved dumplings have been found in Turfan, Xinjiang, China dating back over 1,000 years.
Abbe-Estlander operation
Abbe-Estlander operation is a surgical procedure for lip reconstruction, in which a flap of tissue from one lip of the mouth is grafted to the other lip, in order to correct a defect from trauma, vascular malformations, surgical wound or infections. This is done using a pedicle (i.e., part attached to the donor site) that has an arterial supply.

As Abbe-Estlander usually refers to using a section of the lower lip to reconstruct the upper lip, the so-called "reverse Abbe flap" or "Estlander-Abbe flap" refers to using tissue from the upper lip to reconstruct a defect in the lower lip.

Philtrum
The philtrum (Latin: philtrum, from Ancient Greek φίλτρον phíltron, lit. 'love charm') or medial cleft is a vertical indentation in the middle area of the upper lip, common to therian mammals, extending in humans from the nasal septum to the tubercle of the upper lip. Together with a glandular rhinarium and slit-like nostrils, it is believed to constitute the primitive condition for at least therian mammals. Monotremes lack a philtrum, though this could be due to the specialised, beak-like jaws in living species.
Murphyarachne
Murphyarachne is a monotypic genus of Peruvian tarantulas, with one species, Murphyarachne ymasumacae. It was first described by Sherwood and Gabriel in 2022. The genus is named after Frances Mary Murphy (1926 to 1995) and John Alan Murphy (1922 to 2021) for their contributions to arachnology, and the Greek term "arachne", which is the word for spider.

Tarantula
Tarantulas are a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. More than a thousand species have been identified, within almost 200 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas".  Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.