hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nundinae
The nundinae (/nənˈdɪnaɪ/, /-niː/), sometimes anglicized to nundines, were the market days of the ancient Roman calendar, forming a kind of weekend including, for a certain period, rest from work for the ruling class (patricians).

The nundinal cycle, market week, or eight-day week (Latin: nundinum or internundinum) was the cycle of days preceding and including each nundinae. These were marked on fasti using nundinal letters from A to H. The earliest form of the Roman calendar is sometimes said to have included exactly 38 such cycles, running for 304 days from March to December before an unorganized expanse of about 50 winter days. The lengths of the Republican and Julian calendars, however, were not evenly divisible by 8; under these systems, the nundinae fell on a different letter each year. The letters A to G, for the seven days of the week, formed the basis of the later Christian dominical letters.

Fasti
In ancient Rome, the fasti (Latin plural) were chronological or calendar-based lists, or other diachronic records or plans of official and religiously sanctioned events. After Rome's decline, the word fasti continued to be used for similar records in Christian Europe and later Western culture.

Public business, including the official business of the Roman state, had to be transacted on dies fasti, "allowed days". The fasti were the records of this business. In addition to the word's general sense, there were fasti that recorded specific kinds of events, such as the fasti triumphales, lists of triumphs celebrated by Roman generals. The divisions of time used in the fasti were based on the Roman calendar.

The yearly records of the fasti encouraged the writing of history in the form of chronological annales, "annals", which in turn influenced the development of Roman historiography.
Adam Chowaniec
Adam Chowaniec (1950–2015) was a Canadian engineer, entrepreneur, and educator. He is recognised as one of the Founding Fathers of the Personal Computer, by the Computer History Museum at Mountain View, California. In later life, Adam Chowaniec became a champion of Canadian business and entrepreneurship. He died, from cancer, in 2015.

Terry Matthews
Sir Terence Hedley Matthews OC OBE FREng FIET (born 6 June 1943) is a Welsh-Canadian business magnate, serial high-tech entrepreneur, and Wales's first billionaire. He was the richest man in Wales until 2012, when he was surpassed by Sir Michael Moritz.

He has founded or funded over 100 companies in the high-tech communications field, most notably Mitel and Newbridge Networks. He is the chairman of Wesley Clover and the Swansea Bay City Region board. He owns the Celtic Manor Resort, KRP Properties, the Brookstreet Hotel, and the Marshes Golf Club.
Radical right (United States)
In the politics of the United States, the radical right is a political preference that leans towards ultraconservatism, white nationalism, white supremacy, or other far-right ideologies in a hierarchical structure which is paired with conspiratorial rhetoric alongside traditionalist and reactionary aspirations. The term was first used by social scientists in the 1950s regarding small groups such as the John Birch Society in the United States, and since then it has been applied to similar groups worldwide. The term "radical" was applied to the groups because they sought to make fundamental (hence "radical") changes within institutions and remove persons and institutions that threatened their values or economic interests from political life.

Nativism (politics)
Nativism is the political policy of promoting or protecting the interests of native-born or indigenous people over those of immigrants, including the support of anti-immigration and immigration-restriction measures.
Frank Tonche
Frank Tonche was the original drummer for The Minutemen.

When the band was formed by D. Boon and Mike Watt after their first serious attempt at a band, The Reactionaries, fell apart, they had originally wanted their friend and fellow ex-Reactionaries drummer George Hurley to hold the drum seat, but he had joined a new wave band named Hey Taxi! after the Reactionaries split, so he was unavailable.  Tonche, a welder by day (and according to some reports, had been in a polka band named The Polish Eagle Polka Band at one point), was recruited instead.

Tonche's tenure lasted about six months, long enough to help arrange some early Minutemen songs and play a few early performances, but Tonche quickly tired of the aggressiveness of punk audiences and quit in June 1980.  By that time, Hurley was free to join the Minutemen.

In 1987, Forced Exposure released a 7-inch EP featuring rehearsal recordings of the Minutemen with Tonche on drums.

D. Boon
Dennes Dale Boon (April 1, 1958 – December 22, 1985), also known as D. Boon, was an American musician, best known as the guitarist, singer and songwriter of the punk rock trio Minutemen (formed by previous members of the Reactionaries).

He formed Minutemen in 1980 with bassist Mike Watt and drummer George Hurley. Minutemen were known for their politically-charged lyrics and energetic, fast-paced music, and they released several influential records during their career.

Despite his early death in an auto accident, Boon's contributions to punk rock and independent music have been widely recognized. He is remembered as an important figure in the history of these genres and as one of the most technically accomplished American punk guitarists of his era.
2023–24 Women's FIH Pro League
The 2023–24 Women's FIH Pro League was the fifth edition of the Women's FIH Pro League, a field hockey championship for women's national teams. The tournament began on 6 December 2023 and finished on 29 June 2024.

The Netherlands won the tournament for the fourth time.

Women's FIH Pro League
The Women's FIH Pro League is an international women's field hockey competition organized by the International Hockey Federation (FIH), which replaces the Women's FIH Hockey World League. The competition also serves as a qualifier for the Hockey World Cup and the first edition also did for the Olympic Games.

The first edition was started in 2019. Nine teams secured their places for four years.
Carperby Market Cross
Carperby Market Cross is a historic structure in Carperby, a village in Wensleydale, in England.

Carperby was granted a market charter in 1305, but it is believed that it ceased to hold markets around 1587, when nearby Aysgarth assumed greater importance.  A market was restarted in the 17th century, and it is possible that the market cross was erected to commemorate this occasion.  The cross was erected in the village centre in 1674, and restored in 1843.  The Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority argues that the base may be of this later date.  It was Grade II listed in 1952, and made a scheduled monument in 1995.

The cross is constructed of sandstone, and has an octagonal tapering shaft on a base of seven square steps.  On the arms of the cross are recessed square panels, and on the top is a panel containing initials.  The date 1674 is on the east face of the arms, and 1843 on the west face, along with an inscription "RB".  On the ends are face masks in bas-relief.

Aysgarth
Aysgarth is a village and civil parish in Wensleydale, in North Yorkshire, England. The village is in the Yorkshire Dales National Park, about 16 miles (26 km) south-west of Richmond and 22.6 miles (36.4 km) west of the county town of Northallerton.
Toilers Mountain
Toilers Mountain (71°44′S 164°52′E﻿ / ﻿71.733°S 164.867°E﻿ / -71.733; 164.867) is a massive peak (1,955 m) standing 4 nautical miles (7 km) northeast of Halverson Peak in the northwest end of the King Range, Concord Mountains. The peak was used as a gravity station by the northern party of New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE), 1963–64. So named by them because of the long climb and unpleasant conditions encountered in occupying the summit.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Toilers Mountain". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

King Range (Antarctica)
King Range (71°52′S 165°03′E﻿ / ﻿71.867°S 165.050°E﻿ / -71.867; 165.050﻿ (King Range)) is a mountain range, 22 km (14 mi) long and 8 km (5 mi) wide, in northwestern Victoria Land, Antarctica. The range is bounded on the west by Rawle Glacier and Leitch Massif, on the northwest by Black Glacier and on the NE and east by the head of Lillie Glacier. The range forms part of the Concord Mountains.
Schaumburg Land
The Schaumburg Land (German: Schaumburger Land) is a strip of land in the German federal state of Lower Saxony lying between Lake Steinhude, Schaumburg Forest, Minden Land, the Weser Hills and the Deister. Historically it consisted of the former states of Schaumburg-Lippe in the area of Bückeburg - Obernkirchen and Stadthagen and the County of Schaumburg Hessian portion`Grafschaft Schaumburg hessischen Anteils`, ruled in personal union by Hesse-Cassel in the area of Rinteln. The region is agricultural in nature, but comparatively densely populated. It has many independent traditions and customs. Even Schaumburg's traditional costume is known outside the region. Today the Schaumburg Land covers much the same area as the district of Schaumburg.

Obernkirchen
Obernkirchen (German pronunciation: [oːbɐnˈkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Schaumburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 8 km southwest of Stadthagen, and 15 km east of Minden.

Obernkirchen is a small town in the shadows of the Bückeberg, a hill range in the Weser Uplands.  It overlooks the vast lower lying part of the old county of Schaumburg Lippe, now the district of Schaumburg, with the town of Bückeburg at its feet.
Sir Edward Sullivan, 1st Baronet
Sir Edward Sullivan, 1st Baronet, PC (Ire) (10 July 1822 – 13 April 1885) was an Irish lawyer, and a Liberal Member of Parliament for Mallow, 1865–1870 in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. He was also Solicitor General for Ireland, 1865–1866, Attorney General for Ireland, 1868, Master of the Rolls in Ireland, 1870. Created a baronet, 29 December 1881, from 1883 to 1885 he was Lord Chancellor of Ireland.

Attorney-General for Ireland
The Attorney-General for Ireland was an Irish and then, from 1801 under the Acts of Union 1800, United Kingdom government office-holder. He was senior in rank to the Solicitor-General for Ireland: both advised the Crown on Irish legal matters. With the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, the duties of the Attorney-General and Solicitor-General for Ireland were taken over by the Attorney General of Ireland. The office of Solicitor-General for Ireland was abolished at the same time for reasons of economy. This led to repeated complaints from the first Attorney General of Ireland, Hugh Kennedy, about the "immense volume of work" which he was now forced to deal with single-handedly.
Magoshi-Nagahizuka Kofun
The Magoshi-Nagahizuka Kofun  (馬越長火塚古墳) is a large Kofun period burial mound located in the Ishimakihonmachi neighborhood of the city of Toyohashi, Aichi in the Tōkai region of Japan. The site was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2016.

Toyohashi
Toyohashi (豊橋市, Toyohashi-shi) is a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 December 2019, the city had an estimated population of 377,453 in 160,516 households  and a population density of 1,400 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 261.86 square kilometres (101.10 sq mi). By area, Toyohashi was Aichi Prefecture's second-largest city until March 31, 2005, when it was surpassed by the city of Toyota, which had merged with six peripheral municipalities.
Kunturi (Ikmaqucha)
Kunturi (Aymara for condor, Hispanicized spelling Condori) is a mountain in the Wansu mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is located in the Arequipa Region, La Unión Province, Puyca District. Kunturi lies east of a lake named Ikmaqucha. Taypi Q'awa is the mountain northeast of it. The intermittent streams south of Kunturi flow to the Uqururu (Aymara and Quechua for Mimulus glabratus, Hispanicized Ojoruro), also known as Sumana or Cotahuasi, which flows to the Cotahuasi Canyon in the southwest.

Huanzo mountain range
The Huanzo mountain range (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Wansu) lies in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 14°30 and 15°01'S and 72°10 and 73°15W for about 57 km. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, La Unión Province, in the Ayacucho Region, Parinacochas Province, and in the Chumbivilcas Province of the Cusco Region.
Reign of Alfonso XIII
Alfonso XIII became King of Spain at the moment of his birth in May 1886 because his father, Alfonso XII, had died five months earlier. His mother, Maria Christina of Austria, was regent until May 1902, when he turned sixteen and took the oath of office under the Constitution of 1876, when he began his personal reign, which lasted until 14 April 1931, when he had to go into exile after the proclamation of the Second Republic.

Turno
In Spanish politics, the turnismo, turno pacífico or simply turno (Spanish for "turn" or "shift") refers to an informal two-party system of government within the constitutional monarchy of the Restoration. It consisted of the alternation in government of the two dynastic parties (the Conservative and the Liberal parties) through systematic electoral fraud which ensured that the party that called the elections always won.

The system was in place from 1879, the first elections held under the Restoration, until 1918, when it began to break down in response to public influence during World War I, and was ultimately abandoned after the election of 1923 and coup d'etat of Miguel Primo de Rivera.
The Hell Cat (1918 film)
The Hell Cat is a 1918 American silent Western film produced and distributed by Goldwyn Pictures. Reginald Barker directed and Geraldine Farrar starred. It is not known whether the film currently survives.

Goldwyn Pictures
Goldwyn Pictures Corporation was an American motion picture production company that operated from 1916 to 1924 when it was merged with two other production companies to form the major studio, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was founded on November 19, 1916, by Samuel Goldfish (who later changed his name to Goldwyn), an executive at Lasky's Feature Play Company, and Broadway producer brothers Edgar and Archibald Selwyn, using an amalgamation of both last names to name the company.

The studio proved moderately successful, but became most famous due to its iconic Leo the Lion trademark. Although Metro was the nominal survivor, the merged studio inherited Goldwyn's old facility in Culver City, California, where it would remain until 1986. The merged studio also retained Goldwyn's Leo the Lion logo.

Lee Shubert of The Shubert Organization was an investor in the company.
Ketogenic amino acid
A ketogenic amino acid is an amino acid that can be degraded directly into acetyl-CoA, which is the precursor of ketone bodies and myelin, particularly during early childhood, when the developing brain requires high rates of myelin synthesis. This is in contrast to the glucogenic amino acids, which are converted into glucose. Ketogenic amino acids are unable to be converted to glucose as both carbon atoms in the ketone body are ultimately degraded to carbon dioxide in the citric acid cycle.

In humans, two amino acids – leucine and lysine – are exclusively ketogenic. Five more are amphibolic (both ketogenic and glucogenic): phenylalanine, isoleucine, threonine, tryptophan and tyrosine. The remaining thirteen are exclusively glucogenic.

Threonine
Threonine (symbol Thr or T) is an amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+3 form when dissolved in water), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form when dissolved in water), and a side chain containing a hydroxyl group, making it a polar, uncharged amino acid. It is essential in humans, meaning the body cannot synthesize it: it must be obtained from the diet. Threonine is synthesized from aspartate in bacteria such as E. coli. It is encoded by all the codons starting AC (ACU, ACC, ACA, and ACG).

Threonine sidechains are often hydrogen bonded; the most common small motifs formed are based on interactions with serine: ST turns, ST motifs (often at the beginning of alpha helices) and ST staples (usually at the middle of alpha helices).
Nominees in the 2007 Philippine House of Representatives party-list election
The following are the nominees in the 2007 Philippine House of Representatives party-list election.

As ordered by the Supreme Court of the Philippines in Bantay Republic Act or BA-RA 7941 vs. COMELEC (G.R. No. 177271), the Commission on Elections released the names of party-list nominees in the 2007 election on May 4, 2007.

The elected party-lists and nominees are in bold.

2007 Philippine House of Representatives elections
The 2007 Philippine House of Representatives elections were held on May 14, 2007, to elect members to the House of Representatives of the Philippines to serve in the 14th Congress of the Philippines from June 30, 2007, until June 30, 2010. The Philippines uses parallel voting for seats in the House of Representatives.

The administration-led TEAM Unity maintained control of the House of Representatives although the opposition-backed Genuine Opposition won control of the Senate. Incumbent Speaker Jose de Venecia Jr. of Pangasinan was elected Speaker after being the only one nominated: 186 voted for De Venecia, 1 against (Eduardo Joson) and 24 abstentions.
Inverted sugar syrup
Inverted sugar syrup is a syrup mixture of the monosaccharides glucose and fructose, made by splitting the disaccharide sucrose. This mixture's optical rotation is opposite to that of the original sugar, which is why it is called an invert sugar. Splitting is completed through hydrolytic saccharification.

It is 30% sweeter than table sugar, and foods that contain invert sugar retain moisture better and crystallize less easily than those that use table sugar instead. Bakers, who call it invert syrup, may use it more than other sweeteners.

Other names include invert sugar, simple syrup, sugar syrup, sugar water, bar syrup, and sucrose inversion.

Syrup
In cooking, syrup (less commonly sirup; from Latin: sirupus, from earlier Arabic: شراب; sharāb, beverage, wine) is a thick, viscous, liquid condiment consisting primarily of a solution of sugar in water. It typically contains a large amount of dissolved sugars but shows little tendency to deposit crystals. In its concentrated form, its consistency is similar to that of molasses. The viscosity arises from the multiple hydrogen bonds between the dissolved sugar, which has many hydroxyl (OH) groups.
Downtown Saint Paul
Downtown Saint Paul is the central business district of Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. Its boundaries are the Mississippi River to the south, University Avenue to the north, US 52 to the east, and Kellogg Boulevard to the west. It is bounded by the Dayton's Bluff, Summit-University, West Seventh, Frogtown, West Side, and Payne-Phalen neighborhoods. The West Side neighborhood is on the other side of the river, and can be accessed via the Robert Street Bridge or the Wabasha Street Bridge. Interstate 35E and Interstate 94 run through the north side of the neighborhood, providing a separation between the Minnesota State Capitol and other state government buildings with the rest of downtown.

Grand Casino Arena
Grand Casino Arena (formerly Xcel Energy Center) is a multipurpose arena in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. It was completed in 2000 and often called "The X" by fans. With an official capacity of 17,954, the arena has four spectator levels: one suite level and three for general seating. The building is home to the NHL's Minnesota Wild, the Minnesota Frost of the PWHL, and future MLV Minnesota of Major League Volleyball.

The arena is owned by the city of Saint Paul and operated by the Wild's parent company, Minnesota Sports & Entertainment. It is on the same block of downtown St. Paul as the RiverCentre convention facility, the Roy Wilkins Auditorium, and the Ordway Center for the Performing Arts, and shares a single indoor access area with the RiverCentre and Roy Wilkins Auditorium.
Careby
Careby is the principal village in the civil parish of Careby Aunby and Holywell, in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The River West Glen flows through the parish, near Careby, forming part of the parish boundary. In 1921 the parish had a population of 116. On 1 April 1931 the parish was abolished to form "Careby, Aunby and Holywell".

River Glen, Lincolnshire
The River Glen is a river in Lincolnshire, England with a short stretch passing through Rutland near Essendine.

The river's name appears to derive from a Brythonic Celtic language but there is a strong early English connection.
Mainbocher
Mainbocher is a fashion label founded by the American couturier Main Rousseau Bocher (October 24, 1890 – December 27, 1976), also known as Mainbocher (pronounced "Maine-Bow-Shay"). Established in 1929, the house of Mainbocher successfully operated in Paris (1929–1939), and then in New York (1940–1971).

Christian Dior
Christian Ernest Dior (French: [kʁistjɑ̃ djɔʁ]; 21 January 1905 – 24 October 1957) was a French fashion designer and founder of one of the world's top fashion houses, Christian Dior SE. His fashion house is known all around the world, having gained prominence "on five continents in only a decade."

Dior's skills led to his employment and design for various fashion icons in attempts to preserve the fashion industry during World War II. After the war, he founded and established the Dior fashion house, with his collection of the "New Look". In 1947, the collection debuted featuring rounded shoulders, a cinched waist, and very full skirt. The New Look celebrated ultra-femininity and opulence in women's fashion.

Throughout his lifetime, and after his death, he won numerous awards for Best Costume Design.
Sterlite Technologies
Sterlite Technologies Limited (formerly Sterlite Tech) is an Indian optical and digital technology company, headquartered in Pune. It is listed on Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange of India. It has 636 patents and is active in over 150 countries. The company is specialized in optical networking which consists of optical fiber and cables, hyper-scale network design, and deployment and network software.

Bombay Stock Exchange
BSE Limited, also known as the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), is an Indian stock exchange based in Mumbai. Established in 1875, it is the oldest stock exchange in Asia, and also the tenth oldest in the world. It is the 6th largest stock exchange in the world by total market capitalisation, exceeding $5 trillion in May 2024.
Odilia Palomo Paíz
Alicia Odilia Palomo Paíz (20 November 1919 – 1985) was a Guatemalan teacher and politician. As the wife of President Carlos Castillo Armas, she was the First Lady of Guatemala from 1954 until the assassination of her husband in 1957.

She was born in Guatemala City, daughter of Herminio Palomo Mayorga and Josefina Paíz Amado. She married Carlos Castillo Armas in 1933.

Odilia Palomo Paíz became First Lady after her husband was invested as President of Guatemala. She was present during the visit of Vice President Richard Nixon and his wife Pat Nixon. On July 27, 1957, she was present during the murder of her husband Carlos Castillo Armas and was the only witness to the murder. After the funeral of her husband, she retired from public life. In 1976 President Fernando Romeo Lucas García decorated her with the Order Dolores Bedoya de Molina for her educational and social work. Palomo Paíz died in 1985.

First Lady of Guatemala
First Lady of Guatemala is the title held by the wife of the president of Guatemala or designee. The current first lady is Lucrecia Peinado, wife of President Bernardo Arévalo, since 15 January 2024.

In the First Lady's Office, located in the Presidential House, only the portraits of sixteen recognized former first ladies are exhibited.