hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nokutela Dube
Nokutela Dube (1873 – 25 January 1917) was the first South African woman to found a school. She cofounded the Ilanga lase Natal newspaper, Ohlange Institute and Natal Native Congress (the precursor to the South African Native National Congress) while she was married to John Langalibalele Dube. They both travelled to the United States, where Nokutela was described as a "woman of note". She died while estranged from her husband, who was then president of what would become the African National Congress. The school she co-founded was the place that Nelson Mandela chose as the location for his first ever vote in an election.

In 2017, Nokutela Dube was posthumously awarded South Africa's highest honour — the Order of the Golden Baobab — 100 years after her death.

Zulu language
Zulu (/ˈzuːluː/ ZOO-loo), or isiZulu as an endonym, is a Southern Bantu language of the Nguni branch spoken in, and indigenous to, Southern Africa with about 13.56 million native speakers, who primarily inhabit the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The word "KwaZulu-Natal" translates into English as "Home of the Zulu Nation is Natal". Zulu is the most widely spoken home language in South Africa (24% of the population), and it is understood by over 50% of its population. It became one of South Africa's 12 official languages in 1994.

According to Ethnologue, it is the second-most widely spoken of the Bantu languages, after Swahili. Like many other Bantu languages, it is written with the Latin alphabet.

In South African English, the language is often referred to in its native form, isiZulu.
Lovedale railway station
Lovedale railway station (station code: LOV) is an NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Salem railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a railway station serving Lovedale, a town located south of Udhagamandalam (Ooty), in the Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu. A notable tourist attraction, it is one of the stations of the Nilgiri Mountain Railway, built in 1907, and is a UNESCO declared World Heritage Site. It is one of the halts for the historic Ooty passenger. It is maintained and administered by the Southern Railway zone and comes under the Salem railway division. The station code is: LOV.

Southern Railway zone
Southern Railway (abbreviated SR) is one of the 18 zones of Indian Railways. It is headquartered at Chennai and operates across the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka , Andhra Pradesh and the union territory of Puducherry. It maintains about 5,081 km (3,157 mi) of railway lines and operates 727 railway stations.

The origin of the Southern Railway can be traced back to the mid-19th century. In 1835, the first railway track in India was constructed in Madras and became operational in 1837. The Madras Railway was formally established later in 1845. The Southern Railway was created on 14 April 1950 by merging three state railways, namely, the Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway, the South Indian Railway Company, and the Mysore State Railway and became the first railway zone of the Indian Railways.
Barnette–Bosák–Lederberg graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the Barnette–Bosák–Lederberg graph is a cubic (that is, 3-regular) polyhedral graph with no Hamiltonian cycle, the smallest such graph possible. It was discovered in the mid-1960s by Joshua Lederberg, David Barnette, and Juraj Bosák, after whom it is named. It has 38 vertices and 57 edges.

Other larger non-Hamiltonian cubic polyhedral graphs include the 46-vertex Tutte graph and a 44-vertex graph found by Emanuels Grīnbergs using Grinberg's theorem.
The Barnette–Bosák–Lederberg graph has a similar construction to the Tutte graph but is composed of two Tutte fragments, connected through a pentagonal prism, instead of three connected through a tetrahedron.
Without the constraint of having exactly three edges at every vertex, much smaller non-Hamiltonian polyhedral graphs are possible, including the Goldner–Harary graph and the Herschel graph.

Regular graph
In graph theory, a regular graph is a graph where each vertex has the same number of neighbors; i.e. every vertex has the same degree or valency. A regular directed graph must also satisfy the stronger condition that the indegree and outdegree of each internal vertex are equal to each other. A regular graph with vertices of degree k is called a k‑regular graph or regular graph of degree k.
John and Elizabeth Kinsman House
The John and Elizabeth Kinsman House is a historic house near Milwaukie, Oregon, United States. Completed in 1964, it is a locally significant and almost unaltered example of the Contemporary Style of the late 1950s and early 1960s, which emphasized local materials and indoor-outdoor living and rejected continuity with earlier stylistic conventions. The house is set in landscaped grounds that are also unaltered from the historic period. Designer/builder John Kinsman built the house for himself and his wife Elizabeth using design elements characteristic of the mid-century period that he had also employed on his other projects.

The house was entered on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.

Milwaukie, Oregon
Milwaukie /mɪlˈwɔːki/ is a city mostly in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States; a very small portion of the city extends into Multnomah County. The population was 21,119 at the 2020 census. Founded in 1847 on the banks of the Willamette River, the city, known as the Dogwood City of the West, was incorporated in 1903 and is the birthplace of the Bing cherry. The city is now a suburb of Portland and also adjoins the unincorporated areas of Clackamas and Oak Grove.
2022 FINA Marathon Swim World Series
The 2022 FINA Marathon Swim World Series began on 28 May 2022 in Setúbal, Portugal for the first leg and ended in Eilat, Israel on 12 November 2022 for the fifth and final leg. It was the 16th edition of the FINA-sanctioned series. The 4×1500 metre mixed relay event was brought back after its debut at the final leg of the 2021 FINA Marathon Swim World Series and as part of the Abu Dhabi Aquatics Festival.

Officials and athletes from Russia and Belarus were banned from the entirety of the World Series due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

2021 FINA Marathon Swim World Series
The 2021 FINA Marathon Swim World Series began on 13 March with the first stage in Doha, Qatar and ended at the last stage on 16 December 2021 in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. It was the 15th edition of the FINA-sanctioned series, and included nine events.

A 4×1500 metre mixed relay event was debuted as part of the Abu Dhabi Aquatics Festival at the final leg of the World Series.
Thomson Road, Singapore
Thomson Road is a major trunk road linking Singapore's central business district with the northern suburban areas of the country. The road is one of the longest in Singapore, starting from Novena in the south towards MacRitchie Reservoir, before continuing northwards as Upper Thomson Road towards Yishun and Sembawang.

Outer Ring Road System
The Outer Ring Road System, or more commonly known as ORRS, is a network of major arterial roads in Singapore that forms a 19km ring road through the towns along the city fringe. The ORRS is a semi-expressway, just like the West Coast Highway. Since 1994, roads along the ORRS have been upgraded in stages to provide a smoother route to travel across the island. Roads and interchanges along the ORRS are constantly being upgraded to cater to the ever increasing traffic demand. It starts as Portsdown Avenue in Queenstown and ends as Tampines Avenue 10 in Tampines. The series of roads passes through the areas of Queenstown, Bukit Timah, Central Catchment Nature Reserve, Bishan, Toa Payoh, Geylang and Tampines.
NHK Spring Company
NHK Spring Co., Ltd. (日本発条株式会社, Nippon Hatsujō Kabushiki-gaisha), commonly called as NHK Nippatsu (NHKニッパツ), is regarded as one of the world's leading spring manufacturers. NHK also makes seats for automobiles, suspension systems for disk read-and-write heads used in hard-disk drives, industrial machinery & equipment and security services.

The company shares its initials, NHK, with the Japan Broadcasting Corporation, although it registered its trademark before the establishment of the latter organization.

The company is listed on the first section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and has 51 subsidiaries, 23 in Japan and 28 overseas.

Tokyo Stock Exchange
The Tokyo Stock Exchange (東京証券取引所, Tōkyō Shōken Torihikijo), abbreviated as Tosho (東証) or TSE/TYO, is a stock exchange located in Tokyo, Japan.

The exchange is owned by Japan Exchange Group (JPX), a holding company that it also lists (TYO: 8697), and operated by Tokyo Stock Exchange, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of JPX. JPX was formed from the merger of Tokyo Stock Exchange Group, Inc. with Osaka Securities Exchange Co., Ltd. (now Osaka Exchange, Inc.); the merger process began in July 2012, when said merger was approved by the Japan Fair Trade Commission. JPX itself was launched on January 1, 2013.
Otto Ernst Heinrich Klemperer
Otto Ernst Heinrich Klemperer (1899–1987) was a physicist expert in electron optics. He was granted his doctorate by the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin in 1923. His thesis advisor was Hans Geiger. He continued to work with Geiger in the 1930s.

Klemperer was co-inventor in 1928 of the Geiger-Klemperer ball counter, "the first major advance in the design of proportional counters". During the 1930s, he worked at the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge on discrepancies between Fermi's theory of β-decay and the observed radiation properties of rubidium and polonium. He was later an assistant professor and Reader in Physics at Imperial College, London, where he wrote the third edition of his book on electron optics with Mike Barnett.

The conductor Otto Klemperer was his father's cousin.
His uncle was the Romanist Victor Klemperer.

Hans Geiger
Johannes Wilhelm "Hans" Geiger (/ˈɡaɪɡər, ˈɡaɪɡə/ GYE-ger, GYE-guh; German: [ˈɡaɪɡɐ] ⓘ; 30 September 1882 – 24 September 1945) was a German experimental physicist. He is known  as the inventor of the Geiger counter, a device used to detect ionizing radiation, and for carrying out the Rutherford scattering experiments, which led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus. He also performed the Bothe–Geiger coincidence experiment, which confirmed the conservation of energy in light-particle interactions.

He was the brother of meteorologist and climatologist Rudolf Geiger.
Aluminium nitride
Aluminium nitride (AlN) is a solid nitride of aluminium, which was first synthesized in 1862 by F. Briegleb and A. Geuther.

AlN is a wide-bandgap semiconductor composed of aluminium and nitrogen. It crystallizes predominantly in the wurtzite structure and exhibits a direct band gap of approximately 6 eV at room temperature The exceptionally wide bandgap enables applications in deep-ultraviolet optoelectronics, while the material's thermal conductivity 321 W/(m·K), and strong polarization effects make it an important buffer and template material for III-nitride quantum heterostructures used in high-power and high-frequency electronic devices.

Two-dimensional electron gas
A two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) is a scientific model in solid-state physics. It is an electron gas that is free to move in two dimensions, but tightly confined in the third. This tight confinement leads to quantized energy levels for motion in the third direction, which can then be ignored for most problems. Thus the electrons appear to be a 2D sheet embedded in a 3D world. The analogous construct of holes is called a two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG), and such systems have many useful and interesting properties.
Victory, Minneapolis
The Victory neighborhood is located within the Camden community of Minneapolis. It is bordered by the Humboldt Industrial Area on the north, Penn Avenue on the east, Dowling Avenue on the south, and the town of Robbinsdale on the west. It is located in Ward 4, represented by council member LaTrisha Vetaw.

Victory Memorial Parkway, from which the neighborhood takes its name, runs through the neighborhood and forms part of the western border.

Humboldt Industrial Area, Minneapolis
Humboldt Industrial Area is an official neighborhood in the Camden community of Minneapolis. It shares a border with Robbinsdale to the west and is located roughly between Ryan and Shingle creeks to the north, Humboldt Yard railway tracks to the south, and North Humboldt Avenue to the east. The neighborhood is an industrial park with no official residents, though activities at the area have impact on surrounding residential neighborhoods.
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County (former)
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok was an administrative county (comitatus) in the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which is now in central Hungary, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The capital of the county was Szolnok.

Counties of Hungary (1000–1920)
A county (Hungarian: vármegye 'castle-county' or megye) is the name of a type of administrative unit in Hungary.

This article deals with counties in the former Kingdom of Hungary from the 10th century until the Treaty of Trianon of 1920. For lists of individual counties, see: Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary. For counties of Hungary since 1950, see: Counties of Hungary.
Possum Woods Conservation Area
Possum Woods Conservation Area consists of 15 acres (0.061 km2) in St. Louis County, Missouri. It is located in the city of Kirkwood at the intersection of Interstates 44 and 270. It is adjacent to Emmenegger Nature Park along the Meramec River and part of the Meramec Greenway and Henry Shaw Ozark Corridor.

The area had been used at various times as an exotic animal breeding area for the St. Louis Zoo, a resort, public swimming pool, and tennis club. The land was purchased by real estate developer Russell. E. Emmenegger in the 1970s before he donated it to the city of Kirkwood. The land is currently leased by the Missouri Department of Conservation. Dogs are allowed on a 6 ft (1.8 m) leash.

Henry Shaw Ozark Corridor
The Henry Shaw Ozark Corridor is a long string of adjoining conservation areas in the US state of Missouri, running 24 miles (39 km) along Interstate 44 and 40 miles (64 km) along the Meramec River. The corridor is named after Henry Shaw, founder of the Missouri Botanical Garden.

The Henry Shaw Ozark Corridor Foundation is an organization founded officially in 1994 to preserve the Ozark foothills along Interstate 44 and promote maintenance and expansion of the Ozark Corridor series of parks.

Protected areas in the Henry Shaw Ozark Corridor include:
Sovereignty (horse)
Sovereignty (foaled February 22, 2022) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse. A winner of three Grade I stakes races as a three-year-old in 2025, Sovereignty is the first horse to win two legs of the American Triple Crown (the Kentucky Derby and the Belmont Stakes) since Justify swept all three Triple Crown races in 2018.

Saratoga Race Course
Saratoga Race Course is a Thoroughbred horse racing track located on Union Avenue in Saratoga Springs, New York, United States. Opened in 1863, it is often considered to be the oldest major sporting venue of any kind in the U.S. It is the fourth oldest racetrack after Pleasanton Fairgrounds Racetrack (1858), Freehold Raceway (1854) and Fair Grounds Race Course (1852).

The racetrack is operated by the New York Racing Association.

The Saratoga meet originally lasted only four days. The meet has been lengthened gradually since that time. From 1962 to 1990, the meet lasted four weeks and began in late July or early August. In 2010, the meet expanded to 40 racing days, with races held five days per week. It lasts from mid-July through Labor Day in early September.
Anarjan, Bostanabad
Anarjan (Persian: انرجان, also Romanized as Anarjān) is a village in Mehranrud-e Markazi Rural District, in the Central District of Bostanabad County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 346, in 70 families.

Mehranrud-e Markazi Rural District
Mehranrud-e Markazi Rural District (Persian: دهستان مهرانرود مرکزي) is in the Central District of Bostanabad County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Nowjeh Deh-e Sadat. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kord Kandi, now a city.
Bob Davis (American football, born 1914)
James Robert Davis Jr. (May 5, 1914 – March 14, 1980) was an American professional football player who was a halfback, fullback, quarterback and punter in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cleveland Rams, Philadelphia Eagles and the Boston Yanks. He played college football for the Kentucky Wildcats.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
I Phantom
I Phantom is the debut studio album by American rapper Mr. Lif. It was produced mostly by alternative hip hop artist El-P, among others, at Boston Butta Beats in Boston and the New York City-based Steel Acres, The Danger Room, and Def Jux Studios. Mr. Lif composed I Phantom as a concept album about the working life of an African American who is pressured into pursuing the dubious rewards of the American dream.

The album was released on September 16, 2002, by Definitive Jux. A widespread critical success, it was acclaimed for El-P's sparse hip hop production and Lif's incisive, everyman lyrics.

DJ Fakts One
Fakts One (born April 6, 1977) is an American hip hop DJ & producer from Boston, Massachusetts. Fakts One was a founding member of the hip hop group The Perceptionists with long-time collaborators Akrobatik and Mr. Lif but left the group shortly after release of their first album Black Dialogue.
Shivdaspur, Uttar Pradesh
Shivdaspur is a village situated in the Rampur Maniharan Mandal of Saharanpur District in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from the Mandal headquarters at Rampur Maniharan on the Rampur to Deoband road.

The village Shivdaspur has a population of 1627 individuals, with 826 being male and 801 being female. The area of the village measures approximately 6.68 square kilometers.

Rampur Maniharan
Rampur Maniharan is a tehsil and a nagar palika in Saharanpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Rampur Maniharan is situated 15 km from Saharanpur on the NH 709B  and has bus and rail connections to Delhi. There are several colleges in Rampur Maniharan, including the Ram Rati Gupta Polytechnic. Students from many different states attend for higher education in agriculture and sciences. There are many medical facilities in this town.
Munich Rosenheimer Platz station
Munich Rosenheimer Platz station is one of the five underground stations opened in 1972 on the trunk line of the Munich S-Bahn between Munich Central Station (German: Hauptbahnhof) and Munich East station (München Ost station). It is under the street of the same name and Rosenheimerstraße in the Munich district of Haidhausen. It has two platform tracks and is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station.

Trams in Munich
The Munich tramway (German: Straßenbahn München) is the tramway network for the city of Munich in Germany. Today it is operated by the municipally owned Münchner Verkehrsgesellschaft (the Munich Transport Company, or MVG) and is known officially and colloquially as the Tram. Previous operators have included Société Anonyme des Tramways de Munich, the Münchner Trambahn-Aktiengesellschaft, the Städtische Straßenbahnen and the Straßenbahn München.

The tram network interconnects with the MVG's bus network, the Munich U-Bahn and the Munich S-Bahn, all of which use a common tariff as part of the Münchner Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund (Munich Transport and Tariff Association, or MVV) transit area.

As of 2012, the daytime tram network comprises 13 lines and is 79 kilometres (49 mi) long with 165 stops. There is also a night tram service with four routes. The network is operated by 106 trams (as of 2012), and transported 98 million people in 2010 and 104 million people in 2012.
Secretum Philosophorum
The Secretum philosophorum was a popular Latin text originating in England c.1300–1350.
Ostensibly a treatise on the Seven Liberal Arts, it merely uses them as a framework in which to describe and demystify practical tricks, ‘tricks of the trade’ and applied science.

Catgut
Catgut (also known as gut) is a type of cord that is prepared from the natural fiber found in the walls of animal intestines. Catgut makers usually use sheep or goat intestines, but occasionally use the intestines of cattle, hogs, horses, mules, or donkeys. Despite the name, catgut has never been made from cat intestines.
Give Us Barabbas
Give Us Barabbas is the fifth studio album of the American rock band Masters of Reality, released in 2004.

Material for the album comes from sessions for a planned release on Epic Records in the mid 1990s entitled The Ballad of Jody Frosty, which was shelved at the time, hence the change in line-up. The recording coincides with the live album How High the Moon, released in 1997.

How High the Moon: Live at the Viper Room
How High the Moon: Live at the Viper Room is the first live album of the American rock band Masters of Reality, released in 1997.

The album was retitled Reality Show for a European re-release in 2002.
Promaucae
Promaucae, also spelled as Promaucas or Purumaucas (from Quechua purum awqa: wild enemy), were an Indigenous pre-Columbian Mapuche tribal group that lived in the present territory of Chile, south of the Maipo River basin of Santiago, Chile and the Itata River. Those to the north were called Quillotanes and Mapochoes by the Spanish colonists).  They spoke Mapudungun, like the Moluche to the south, and were part of the Picunche tribe that lived north of the Itata River.

Maule River
The Maule river or Río Maule (Mapudungun: rainy) is one of the most important rivers of Chile. It is inextricably linked to the country's pre-Hispanic (Inca) times, the country's conquest, colonial period, wars of Independence, modern history, agriculture (wine, traditional crops), culture (literature, poetry, folklore), religion, economy and politics. The Maule River marked the southern limits of the Inca Empire. Many famous men and women in Chile's history have been born in the Region named after the river. The river has also lent its name to one of the viticultural regions of the country (also known as appellations), the Valley of Maule, a subregion of the Central Valley.
Athletics at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games – Men's 800 metres
The men's 800 metres event at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games was held on 22, 24 and 25 July at the Meadowbank Stadium in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was the first time that the metric distance was contested at the Games, replacing the 880 yards event.

Athletics at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games
At the 1970 British Commonwealth Games, the athletics events were held at the Meadowbank Stadium in Edinburgh, Scotland. A total of 36 events were contested, of which 23 by male and 13 by female athletes. This was the first athletics competition at the British Commonwealth Games to feature events in metric units, rather than imperial units. One world record and two Games records were broken at the competition.