hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crazy Horses
"Crazy Horses" is a song by the Osmonds, the title track from the album of the same name. It was released as the album's second single and reached number 14 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number 2 on the UK Singles Chart.  The song is the only hit record from the Osmonds to feature Jay Osmond as lead vocalist. It has since been covered by numerous other performers.

Donny Osmond
Donald Clark Osmond (born December 9, 1957) is an American singer, dancer, actor, television host and former teen idol. He gained fame performing with four of his elder brothers as the Osmonds, earning several top ten hits and gold albums. In the early 1970s, Osmond began a solo career, earning several additional top ten songs.

He further gained fame due to the success of the 1976–1979 variety series Donny & Marie, which Osmond hosted with his sister, Marie Osmond. The Donny & Marie duo also released a series of top ten hits and gold albums and hosted a syndicated and Daytime Emmy Award–nominated 1998–2000 talk show. Donny & Marie retired from headlining an 11-year Las Vegas residency at the Flamingo Las Vegas in 2019.

He also successfully competed on two reality TV shows, winning season 9 of Dancing with the Stars and being named runner-up for season 1 of The Masked Singer. He also hosted the game show Pyramid from 2002 to 2004.
BRE (rocket)
BRE (export name: Fire Dragon/King Dragon) is a series of guided rockets (missiles) manufactured by Chinese Norinco.

The largest version is the BRE8, export name Fire Dragon 480 (previously Fire Dragon 280A). It is a 750 mm tactical ballistic missile, with a 480 kg warhead and range of 280–300 km, for the AR-3 launcher. It uses inertial plus satellite guidance with a CEP accuracy of about 30m.

A similar missile is the 610 mm caliber King Dragon 300, with a range of 300 km and precision guidance, for the SR-5 launcher.

The rockets are currently in service with the People's Liberation Army, as the PHL-16.

Tactical ballistic missile
A tactical ballistic missile (TBM), or battlefield range ballistic missile (BRBM), is a ballistic missile designed for short-range battlefield use.  Typically, range is less than 1,000 kilometres (620 mi). Tactical ballistic missiles are usually mobile to ensure survivability and quick deployment, as well as carrying a variety of warheads to target enemy facilities, assembly areas, artillery, and other targets behind the front lines. Warheads can include conventional high explosive, chemical, biological, or nuclear warheads. Typically tactical nuclear weapons are limited in their total yield compared to strategic nuclear weapons.
Gustavo Manduca
Gustavo Manduca (born 8 June 1980) is a Brazilian former footballer who played as a forward or an attacking midfielder. Later, he worked briefly as a manager.

He also held an Italian passport, and played professionally in five countries, mainly in Portugal – where he represented six teams in seven years, including a very brief spell with Benfica. He amassed Primeira Liga totals of 91 games and 15 goals over three seasons.

Manduca signed with APOEL in 2010 from AEK Athens, remaining with the former club until his retirement and winning eight major titles.

2013–14 Cypriot First Division
The 2013–14 Cypriot First Division was the 75th season of the Cypriot top-level football league. It began on 31 August 2013 and ended on 31 May 2014. APOEL were the defending champions.

The league comprised eleven teams from the 2012–13 season and three promoted teams from the 2012–13 Second Division.

The 17 May 2014 title deciding match between AEL Limassol and APOEL was abandoned (at 0–0) after 52 minutes, when a bomb thrown by AEL fans, hit and injured APOEL's player Kaká. The match was replayed behind closed doors at a neutral stadium on 31 May 2014 and APOEL achieved to win their second consecutive league title after beating AEL Limassol by 1–0. However, on 6 June 2014, the Cyprus Football Association’s (CFA) disciplinary committee – acting as an appeals board – unanimously cancelled on the CFA council’s decision to repeat the 17 May championship final, awarding the match to APOEL with a 0–3 score.
Affective sensation
Affective sensation is an occurrence of sensation accompanied with a strong compulsion to act on it. It refers, mostly in neuroscience, to the emotional sensibility in response to affective stimuli of a particular valence. It is transmitted via the spinothalamic tract through the spinal cord, and can be associated with reflex actions such as the scratch, gag, and withdrawal reflexes. Sensory processing in the brain interacts with behavioral choices, such as decisions to eat or to stop eating, in both healthy individuals and those with eating disorders.

Scratch reflex
The scratch reflex is an automatic response to the activation of sensory neurons located on the surface of the body. Sensory neurons can be activated via stimulation, such as a parasite on the body, but can also be activated by responding to a chemical stimulus that produces an itching sensation. During a scratch reflex, a limb reaches toward and rubs against the site on the body surface that has been stimulated.  The scratch reflex has been extensively studied to understand the functioning of neural networks in vertebrates. Despite decades of research, key aspects of the scratch reflex are still unknown, such as the neural mechanisms by which the reflex is terminated.
Whanganui (electorate)
Whanganui (known as Wanganui until 1996) is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was first established in 1860 for the 3rd Parliament and has existed continuously since then.

It is held by Carl Bates of the National Party, who won it in the 2023 general election.

New Zealand electorates
An electorate or electoral district (Māori: rohe pōti) is a geographic constituency used for electing a member (MP) to the New Zealand Parliament. The size of electorates is determined such that all electorates have approximately the same electoral population.

Before 1996, all MPs were directly chosen for office by the voters of an electorate. Thereafter, New Zealand's electoral system provides that some (in practice, the majority) of the usually 120 seats in Parliament are filled by electorate representatives with the remainder being filled from party lists in order to achieve proportional representation among parties. The number of electorates changes periodically, in line with national population growth. Starting from the 2020 general election, there are 72 electorates including the Māori electorates.
2023 Sul Ross Lobos football team
The 2023 Sul Ross Lobos football team represented Sul Ross State University during the 2023 NCAA Division III football season as a member of the American Southwest Conference (ASC). The Lobos were led by second-year head coach Barry Derickson and played their home games at Jackson Field in Alpine, Texas. The team finished with a record of 4–6.

The 2023 season marked the first year of a transition period from Division III to Division II for the program. As a result, the Lobos were ineligible for the conference championship and postseason play. This was also the program's last season as a member of the ASC as the program will rejoin the Lone Star Conference (LSC) beginning with the 2024 season.

Alpine, Texas
Alpine (/ˈælpaɪn/ AL-pyne) is a city in and the county seat of Brewster County, Texas, United States.  Its population was 6,035 at the 2020 census. The town has an elevation of 4,462 feet (1,360 m), and the surrounding mountain peaks are over 1 mile (1.6 km) above sea level. A university, hospital, library, and retail make Alpine the center of the sprawling 12,000 square miles (3,108,000 ha) but wide-open Big Bend area (combined population 12,500) including Brewster, Presidio, and Jeff Davis Counties.
Baseball at the 1975 Pan American Games
Baseball at the 1975 Pan American Games was contested between teams representing Canada, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Mexico, Puerto Rico, United States, and Venezuela. The 1975 edition was the seventh Pan American Games, and was hosted by Mexico City.

Cuba entered the competition as the defending champions, having won the gold medal in 1971. They successfully defended their title, with the United States finishing second.

Baseball at the 1971 Pan American Games
Baseball at the 1971 Pan American Games was contested between teams representing Canada, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, United States, and Venezuela. The 1971 edition was the sixth Pan American Games, and was hosted by Cali.
Fermentibacteria
Fermentibacteria (formerly Hyd24-12) is a bacterial phylum with candidate status.

The original clone sequence used to define Fermentibacteria as a phylum (AJ535232) was recovered from the Hydrate Ridge cold seep environment (Cascadia Margin, offshore from OR, USA). The first genomes from this phylum were recovered from samples of full-scale mesophilic anaerobic digesters at Danish wastewater treatment facilities. All three genomes recovered were inferred to represent organisms that rely on fermentation of simple sugars as an energy source, and thus the name "Fermentibacteria" (as in "to ferment") was proposed.

Members of this phylum have been detected in a broad range of environments, including methane seeps, coral reef sands, and the dolphin mouth.

Candidatus
In prokaryote nomenclature, Candidatus (abbreviated Ca.; Latin for 'candidate of Roman office') is used to name prokaryotic taxa that are well characterized but yet-uncultured. Contemporary sequencing approaches, such as 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing or metagenomics, provide much information about the analyzed organisms and thus allow identification and characterization of individual species. However, the majority of prokaryotic species remain uncultivable and hence inaccessible for further characterization in in vitro study. The recent discoveries of a multitude of candidate taxa has led to candidate phyla radiation expanding the tree of life through the new insights in bacterial diversity.
Kings of Judah
The Kings of Judah were the monarchs who ruled over the ancient Kingdom of Judah, which was formed in about 930 BC, according to the Hebrew Bible, when the United Kingdom of Israel split, with the people of the northern Kingdom of Israel rejecting Rehoboam as their monarch, leaving him as solely the King of Judah.

The capital of the Kingdom of Judah was Jerusalem. All of the kings of Judah lived and died in Judah except for Ahaziah (who died at Megiddo in Israel), Jehoahaz (who died a prisoner in Egypt) and Jeconiah and Zedekiah who were deported as part of the Babylonian captivity.

Judah was conquered in 587 or 586 BC, by the Neo-Babylonian Empire under Nebuzaradan, captain of Nebuchadnezzar's body-guard. With the death or deportation of most of the population and the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple, the Kingdom of Judah was dissolved.

Rehoboam
Rehoboam (/ˌriːəˈboʊ.əm/; Hebrew: רְחַבְעָם‎, Rəḥaḇʿām, transl. "an enlarged people"; Greek: Ροβοάμ, Roboam; Latin: Roboam) was, according to the Hebrew Bible, the last monarch of the United Kingdom of Israel, though his reign over the unified state was brief; after the Northern and Southern kingdoms were divided, he became the first king of the Kingdom of Judah. He was a son of and the successor to Solomon and a grandson of David.

In the account of I Kings and II Chronicles, Rehoboam saw his rule limited to only the Kingdom of Judah in the south following a rebellion by the ten northern tribes of Israel in 932/931 BCE, which led to the formation of the independent Kingdom of Israel under the rule of Jeroboam in the north.

Extrabiblical evidence for Judah’s stability under Rehoboam is limited, with indications that the biblical accounts of Rehoboam and Jeroboam may be retrojections.
Little Annie (steamboat)
Little Annie was a sternwheel-driven steamboat that operated on the Coquille River on the Southern Oregon Coast from 1876 to 1890. This steamer should not be confused with a number of other vessels with the same name operating at about the same time in various parts of the United States.

Coos Bay, Oregon
Coos Bay (Coos: Atsiixis) is a city located in Coos County, Oregon, United States, where the Coos River enters Coos Bay on the Pacific Ocean. It shares Coos Bay with the adjacent city of North Bend. Together, they are often referred to as one entity called either Coos Bay-North Bend or Oregon's Bay Area. Coos Bay's population as of the 2020 census was 15,985 residents, making it the most populous city on the Oregon Coast. Oregon's Bay Area is estimated to be home to 32,308 (Coos Bay Census County Division).
Tau4 Eridani
Tau4 Eridani (τ4 Eridani, τ4 Eri) is a binary star system in the constellation Eridanus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude that varies from 3.57 to 3.72. The distance to this star can be estimated using the parallax method, which yields a value of roughly 300 light years.

The primary components ia an evolved red giant star currently on the asymptotic giant branch with a stellar classification of M3/4 III. It is a slow irregular variable star of type Lb, undergoing changes in magnitude over the range 3.57−3.72 with a periodicity of 23.8 d. This star has 1.73 times the mass of the Sun and 103 times the radius of the Sun. It shines with 1,537 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,650 K.

The secondary is a magnitude 9.5 star at an angular separation of 5.7″ along a position angle of 291°, as of 2013. This angular separation implies a projected separation of 5,800 astronomical units.

Asymptotic giant branch
The asymptotic giant branch (AGB) is a region of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram populated by evolved cool luminous stars. This is a period of stellar evolution undertaken by all low- to intermediate-mass stars (about 0.5 to 8 solar masses) late in their lives.

Observationally, an asymptotic-giant-branch star will appear as a bright red giant with a luminosity ranging up to thousands of times greater than the Sun. Its interior structure is characterized by a central and largely inert core of carbon and oxygen, a shell where helium is undergoing fusion to form carbon (known as helium burning), another shell where hydrogen is undergoing fusion forming helium (known as hydrogen burning), and a very large envelope of material of composition similar to main-sequence stars (except in the case of carbon stars).
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS or TIPSS) is an artificial channel within the liver that establishes communication between the inflow portal vein and the outflow hepatic vein. It is used to treat portal hypertension (which is often due to liver cirrhosis) which frequently leads to intestinal bleeding, life-threatening esophageal bleeding (esophageal varices) and the buildup of fluid within the abdomen (ascites).

An interventional radiologist creates the shunt using an image-guided endovascular (via the blood vessels) approach, with the jugular vein as the usual entry site.

Vascular surgery
Vascular surgery is a surgical subspecialty in which vascular diseases involving the arteries, veins, or lymphatic vessels, are managed by medical therapy, minimally-invasive catheter procedures and surgical reconstruction. The specialty evolved from general and cardiovascular surgery where it refined the management of just the vessels, no longer treating the heart or other organs. Modern vascular surgery includes open surgery techniques, endovascular (minimally invasive) techniques and medical management of vascular diseases – unlike the parent specialities. The vascular surgeon is trained in the diagnosis and management of diseases affecting all parts of the vascular system excluding the coronaries and intracranial vasculature. Vascular surgeons also are called to assist other physicians to carry out surgery near vessels, or to salvage vascular injuries that include hemorrhage control, dissection, occlusion or simply for safe exposure of vascular structures.
Diffuser-augmented wind turbine
A diffuser-augmented wind turbine (DAWT) is a wind turbine modified with a cone-shaped wind diffuser that is used to increase the efficiency of converting wind power to electrical power. The increased efficiency is possible due to the increased wind speeds the diffuser can provide. In traditional bare turbines, the rotor blades are vertically mounted at the top of a support tower or shaft. In a DAWT, the rotor blades are mounted within the diffuser, which is then placed on the top of the support tower. Additional modifications can be made to the diffuser in order to further increase efficiency.

Betz's law
In aerodynamics, Betz's law indicates the maximum power that can be extracted from the wind, independent of the design of a wind turbine in open flow. It was published in 1919 by the German physicist Albert Betz. The law is derived from the principles of conservation of mass and momentum of the air stream flowing through an idealized "actuator disk" that extracts energy from the wind stream. According to Betz's law, no wind turbine of any mechanism can capture more than 16/27 (59.3%) of the kinetic energy in wind. The factor 16/27 (0.593) is known as Betz's coefficient or the Betz limit. Practical utility-scale wind turbines achieve at peak 75–80% of the Betz limit.

The Betz limit is based on an open-disk actuator. If a diffuser is used to collect additional wind flow and direct it through the turbine, more energy can be extracted, but the limit still applies to the cross-section of the entire structure.
Mumbuni High School
Mumbuni Boys' School (also known as Mumbuni School) is an extra county cluster(1) school in Kenya which is located 3 kilometres (1.9 miles) from Machakos town. It is the second largest school in Machakos County, after Machakos School with over 1,200 students.

Machakos County
Machakos County is one of the 47 counties of Kenya, which came into being as part of the devolved system of governance occasioned by the 2010 constitution of Kenya. The county's administrative headquarters are in Machakos Town, which is the largest town in the county. The county had a population of 1,421,932 as of 2019. The county borders Nairobi and Kiambu counties to the west, Embu to the north, Kitui to the east, Makueni to the south, Kajiado to the south west, and Murang'a and Kirinyaga to the north west.
2019 Cure Bowl
The 2019 Cure Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 21, 2019, in Orlando, Florida, with kickoff at 2:30 p.m. EST on CBS Sports Network. It was the fifth edition of the Cure Bowl, and one of the 2019–20 bowl games concluding the 2019 FBS football season. This was first Cure Bowl played at Exploria Stadium, as all prior editions were held at nearby Camping World Stadium. With FBC Mortgage as the title sponsor, the game was officially known as the FBC Mortgage Cure Bowl. Liberty defeated Georgia Southern 23–16, to claim their first bowl win in program history.

2019–20 NCAA football bowl games
The 2019–20 NCAA football games were a series of college football bowl games played to complete the 2019 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The games began on December 20, 2019, and, aside from the all-star games that followed, ended with the 2020 College Football Playoff National Championship played on January 13, 2020.

The total of 40 team-competitive bowls in FBS, including the national championship game, was unchanged from the previous season. With the first staging of the Hula Bowl since January 2008, the number of all-star games increased from three to four.
Pilioniai
Pilioniai is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. It is located by the Dotnuvėlė river and Mantviliškis pond. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 57 people. There is a hillfort and a chapel on its top in Pilioniai.

Dotnuvėlė
The Dotnuvėlė is a river of Kėdainiai district municipality and Radviliškis district municipality, Kaunas County, central Lithuania. It flows for 60.9 kilometres and has a basin area of 192.7 km2.

Its valley is 350–500 m wide. The current rate is 0.2-0.9 meters per second. The Dotnuvelė course goes through Skėmiai, Gudžiūnai, Mantviliškis, Akademija, Dotnuva. It is a right tributary of the Nevėžis river, into which it flows in Kėdainiai.

The name Dotnuvėlė (formerly Dotnava) could derive from the PIE root *dā- ('liquid, to flow') as Sanskrit: dānu ('liquid, drop'), Ossetian: дон ('river'), Avar: dā-nu- ('river, current'), etc.
Ribafrecha
Ribafrecha is a municipality of the autonomous community of La Rioja (Spain).  It is located near the capital, Logroño.  Its population in January 2006 was 1,008 inhabitants over a 34.58 square kilometre area.

Logroño
Logroño (UK: /lɒˈɡrɒnjoʊ/ ⓘ log-RON-yoh, US: /ləˈɡroʊnjoʊ, loʊˈ-/ lə-GROHN-yoh, loh-, Spanish: [loˈɣɾoɲo] ⓘ) is the capital of the autonomous community of La Rioja, Spain. Located in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, primarily in the right (South) bank of the Ebro River, Logroño has historically been a place of passage, such as the Camino de Santiago. Its borders were disputed between the Iberian kingdoms of Castille, Navarre and Aragon during the Middle Ages.

The population of the city in 2021 was 150,808 while the metropolitan area included nearly 200,000 inhabitants. The city is a centre of trade of Rioja wine, for which the area is noted, and manufacturing of wood, metal and textile products.
New Delhi–Daurai (Ajmer) Shatabdi Express
The 12015 / 12016 New Delhi–Daurai (Ajmer) Shatabdi Express is a Superfast Express train of the Shatabdi Express category belonging to Indian Railways – Northern Railway zone that runs between New Delhi and Daurai (Ajmer) in India.

It operates as train number 12015 from New Delhi to Daurai and as train number 12016 in the reverse direction, serving the states of Delhi, Haryana, and Rajasthan, and have priority above all other trains.

Shatabdi Express
Shatabdi Express (lit. 'Century Express') are a series of fast passenger trains operated by the Indian Railways. These are day trains and mostly return to their origin station the same day. The trains run at a maximum permissible speed of 110–150 km/h (68–93 mph) depending on the infrastructure on the corresponding route, with the Rani Kamalapati–New Delhi Shatabdi Express achieving the maximum permissible speed of 150 km/h (93 mph).
India at the 1981 World Games
The 1981 World Games were the first World Games and were held in Santa Clara, California in the United States. The games featured sports that were not included in the Olympics.India competed at the 1981 World Games in Santa Clara and won one Bronze medal in Badminton Men's Singles.

1981 World Games
The 1981 World Games were the first World Games, an international multi-sport event, and were held in Santa Clara, California, United States.  The games featured sports that were not included in the Olympics, including tug-of-war, racquetball, baseball and softball, artistic roller skating, roller hockey, roller speed skating, finswimming, karate, women's water polo, bowling, bodybuilding, waterskiing, casting, badminton, trampoline, powerlifting and taekwondo.  Best estimates for attendance figures were that about 80,000 spectators witnessed the first World Games.