hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Acadia University Faculty Association
The Acadia University Faculty Association was certified on July 15, 1976, and is the trade union representing the full-time and part-time professors, instructors, and academic librarians and archivists at Acadia University in Nova Scotia. AUFA members have taken strike action three times in their history: in the spring of 2004 and the fall of 2007, during the presidency of Gail Dinter-Gottlieb; and in February 2022 during the presidency of Peter Ricketts. AUFA is a member of the Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT).

Canadian Association of University Teachers
The Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT; French: Association canadienne des professeures et professeurs d'université, ACPPU) is a federation of independent associations and trade unions representing approximately 75,000 teachers, librarians, researchers, and other academic staff at over 130 colleges and universities across Canada.
Pristimantis ashaninka
Pristimantis ashaninka is a species of frog in the Craugastoridae family. It is found in the Pui Pui Protection Forest in central Peru. It is 23 to 26 millimeters long, and is characterized by containing small conical tubercles in its skin, giving a spiny appearance, and by having no tympanic membrane. The species was described in 2017 after morphological and genetic analyses and was named Pristimantis ashaninka in honor of the indigenous people Asháninka, who live in the regions near the protection forest. The species was listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as a least-concern species. There is still no information about its behavior and/or reproduction, but it is assumed that the tadpoles have direct development, as this is a common characteristic of the genus.

Pristimantis
Pristimantis is a very speciose genus of frogs distributed in the southern Caribbean islands (Lesser Antilles) and in Central and South America from Honduras to northern Argentina and southern Brazil. With 626 described species (as of February 2026), the genus has more species than any other vertebrate genus. Many of these species are endemic to the Northwestern Andean montane forests ecoregion in north-western South America.
NGC 3576
NGC 3576 is a bright emission nebula and star-forming region in the southern constellation of Carina. It was discovered by John Frederick William Herschel on 16 March 1834. Distance estimates for this complex range from 7.8 to 9.8 thousand light-years.

Carina (constellation)
Carina (/kəˈraɪnə, kəˈriːnə/ kə-RY-nə, -⁠REE-) is a constellation in the southern sky. Its name is Latin for the keel of a ship, and it was the southern foundation of the larger constellation of Argo Navis (the ship Argo) until it was divided into three pieces, the other two being Puppis (the poop deck), and Vela (the sails of the ship).
Drug rehabilitation
Drug rehabilitation is the process of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment for dependency on psychoactive substances such as alcohol, prescription drugs, and street drugs such as cannabis, cocaine, heroin, and amphetamines. The general intent is to enable the patient to confront substance dependence, if present, and stop substance misuse to avoid the psychological, legal, financial, social, and medical consequences that can be caused.

Treatment includes medication for comorbidities, counseling by experts, and sharing of experience with other recovering individuals.

Disease model of addiction
The disease model of addiction describes an addiction as a disease with genetic, biological, neurological or environmental origin.  The traditional medical model of disease requires only an abnormal condition causing distress, discomfort or dysfunction to an affected individual. The contemporary medical model partly attributes addiction to changes in the brain's mesolimbic pathway.  The model also considers these diseases as a result of other biological, psychological or sociological entities, despite an incomplete understanding of their mechanisms. The common biomolecular mechanisms underlying addiction – CREB and ΔFosB – were reviewed by Eric J. Nestler in a 2013 review. Genetics and mental disorders may precipitate the severity of a drug addiction. It is estimated that 50% of healthy individuals developing an addiction can trace the cause to genetic factors.
Michael D. Griffin
Michael Douglas Griffin (born November 1, 1949) is an American physicist and aerospace engineer who served as the under secretary of defense for research and engineering from 2018 to 2020. He previously served as deputy of technology for the Strategic Defense Initiative, and as administrator of NASA from April 13, 2005, to January 20, 2009. As NASA administrator, Griffin oversaw such areas as private spaceflight, future human spaceflight to Mars, and the fate of the Hubble telescope.

While he describes himself as a "simple aerospace engineer from a small town", Griffin has held several high-profile political appointments. In 2007 he was included in the TIME 100, the magazine's list of the 100 most influential people.
Griffin's appointment as administrator was associated with a significant shift in the direction of the agency. He began signaling intended changes at his Senate confirmation hearing.

Administrator of NASA
The administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the highest-ranking official of NASA, the national space agency of the United States. The administrator is NASA's chief decision maker, responsible for providing clarity to the agency's vision and serving as a source of internal leadership within NASA. The office holder also has an important place within United States space policy, and is assisted by a deputy administrator.

The administrator is appointed by the president of the United States, with the advice and consent of the United States Senate, and thereafter serves at the president's pleasure. Jared Isaacman has served as the administrator since December 18, 2025.
Gūwalgiya clan
Gūwalgiya was one of the most powerful Manchu clans. It is often listed by historians as the first of the eight prominent Manchu clans of the Qing dynasty. After the demise of the dynasty, some of its descendants sinicized their clan name to the Han Chinese surname Guan (關).

Nurhaci
Nurhaci (14 May 1559 – 30 September 1626), also known by his temple name Emperor Taizu of Qing, was the founding khan of the Jurchen-led Later Jin dynasty.

As leader of the Aisin-Gioro clan, Nurhaci reorganized and united various Jurchen tribes (the later "Manchu"), consolidated the Eight Banners military system, and eventually launched attacks on both the Ming and Joseon dynasties. His conquest of the Ming dynasty's northeastern Liaodong region laid the groundwork for the Qing conquest of the Ming by his descendants, who proclaimed the Qing dynasty in 1636. He is also generally credited with ordering the creation of a new written script for the Manchu language based on the Mongolian vertical script.
CGM48
CGM48 (read C.G.M. Forty-eight) is a Thai idol girl group. It is the first domestic sister group of the Thai idol group BNK48, and the eighth international sister group of AKB48, after Indonesia's JKT48, China's SNH48 (former), Thailand's BNK48, Philippines's MNL48, China's TSH48,  Taiwan's TPE48, and Vietnam's SGO48 (disbanded). The group is named after Chiang Mai, a city in Northern Thailand, where it will be based.

TSH48
TSH48 (read as T.S.H. Forty-eight), formerly known as AKB48 Team SH is a Chinese idol group based in Shanghai, China and an official sister group of the Japanese idol girl group AKB48. It was established in 2018 after the dissolution of AKB48's relationship with the girl group SNH48 back in 2016.
The group is short for Team Shanghai 48, a re arrangement of the groups former name.
Alp Er Tunga
Alp Er Tunga or Alp Er Tonga (Alp  "brave, hero, conqueror, warrior", Er "man, male, soldier, Tom", Tonga/Tunga "Siberian tiger") is a mythical Turkic hero who was mentioned in Mahmud al-Kashgari's Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk, Yusuf Balasaguni's Kutadgu Bilig and in the Vatican manuscript of Oghuznama by an unknown writer.

The Karakhanids claimed to have descended from Alp Er Tunga.

Book of Dede Korkut
The Book of Dede Korkut or Book of Korkut Ata (Azerbaijani: Kitabi-Dədə Qorqud, کتاب دده قورقود; Turkmen: Kitaby Dädem Gorkut; Turkish: Dede Korkut Kitabı) is the most famous among the dastans or epic stories of the Oghuz Turks. The stories carry morals and values significant to the social lifestyle of the nomadic Turkic peoples and their pre-Islamic beliefs. The book's mythic narrative is part of the cultural heritage of the peoples of Oghuz origin, mainly of Azerbaijan, Turkey and Turkmenistan. Only two manuscripts of the text, one in the Vatican and one in Dresden, Germany, were known before a third manuscript was discovered in a private collection in Gonbad-e Kavus, Iran, in 2018.

The epic tales of Dede Korkut are some of the best-known Turkic dastans from among a total of well over 1000 recorded epics among the Turkic and Mongolian language families.
Kota Tinggi Second Bridge
The Kota Tinggi Second Bridge (Malay: Jambatan Kedua Kota Tinggi) is a bridge in Kota Tinggi District, Johor, Malaysia. It passes over the Johor River and located at Kota Tinggi Bypass (Federal Route 3). The bridge was opened on 1999 along with the opening of the Kota Tinggi Bypass.

Kota Tinggi District
Kota Tinggi District is a district in the Malaysian state of Johor. It is the largest district in the state with an area of 3,488.7 square kilometres (1,347.0 sq mi). The population was 222,382 in 2020. The principal town is Kota Tinggi.
Knight Lover
Knight Lover (subtitled 17 Greatest Hits) is a compilation album by the American actor David Hasselhoff. It was released in July 1989.
The album contains tracks from Hasselhoff's first two studio albums, Night Rocker and Lovin' Feelings, both released on CBS Records.

Lovin' Feelings
Lovin' Feelings is the second studio album by American actor and singer David Hasselhoff. It was released on October 18, 1987, by CBS Records. The album was produced by Bruce Lynch and recorded in Auckland, New Zealand. The album also was a departure from the rock background of his debut studio album Night Rocker (1985).

"Life is Mostly Beautiful With You" was released as the only single from the album. The album reached the top-twenty in Austria and Germany, being certified Gold in the former country.
Gilbert School
The Gilbert School is a privately endowed secondary school that serves as the public high school for the towns of Winchester and Hartland, Connecticut and the public middle school for Winchester. The Gilbert School serves grades 7–12 and was founded in 1895.

Hartland, Connecticut
Hartland is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 1,901 at the 2020 census. The rural town is part of the Northwest Hills Planning Region and forms the northwestern border of Hartford County. Currently, the town consists of two unincorporated areas, East and West Hartland, entirely separated by the northern portion of the Barkhamsted Reservoir. A third area, Hartland Hollow (also referred to as Hartland Center), was flooded when the reservoir was completed in 1940.
Classic Head
The Classic Head was a coin design issued by the United States Mint in the early 19th century. It was introduced for copper coinage in 1808 by engraver John Reich and later redesigned by Chief Engraver William Kneass.

Large cent
The United States large cent was a coin with a face value of 1⁄100 of a United States dollar. Its nominal diameter was 11⁄8 inch (28.57 mm). The first official mintage of the large cent was in 1793, and its production continued until 1857, when it was officially replaced by the modern-size one-cent coin (commonly called the penny).

Large cents were made of nearly pure copper, or copper as pure as it emerged from smelting, without any deliberate addition of other metals (such as occurs in bronze).
Elitzur–Vaidman bomb tester
The Elitzur–Vaidman bomb-tester is a quantum mechanics thought experiment that uses interaction-free measurements to verify that a bomb is functional without having to detonate it. It was conceived in 1993 by Avshalom Elitzur and Lev Vaidman. Since their publication, real-world experiments have confirmed that their theoretical method works as predicted.

The bomb tester takes advantage of two characteristics of elementary particles, such as photons or electrons: nonlocality and wave–particle duality. By placing the particle in a quantum superposition, it is possible for the experiment to verify that the bomb works without triggering its detonation, although there is still a 50% chance that the bomb will detonate in the effort.

Quantum nonlocality
In theoretical physics, quantum nonlocality refers to the phenomenon by which the measurement statistics of a multipartite quantum system do not allow an interpretation with local hidden variables. Quantum nonlocality has been experimentally verified under a variety of physical assumptions, except for the many-worlds interpretation which violates an assumption of Bell's theorem.

Quantum nonlocality does not allow for faster-than-light communication, and hence is compatible with special relativity and its universal speed limit of objects. Thus, quantum theory is local in the strict sense defined by special relativity and, as such, the term "quantum nonlocality" is sometimes considered a misnomer. Still, it prompts many of the foundational discussions concerning quantum theory.
Colonies in antiquity
Colonies in antiquity were post-Iron Age city-states founded from a mother-city or metropolis rather than from a territory-at-large. Bonds between a colony and its metropolis often remained close, and took specific forms during the period of classical antiquity.
Generally, colonies founded by the ancient Phoenicians, Carthage, Rome, Alexander the Great and his successors remained tied to their metropolis, though Greek colonies of the Archaic and Classical eras were sovereign and self-governing from their inception. While earlier Greek colonies were often founded to solve social unrest in the mother-city by expelling a part of the population, Hellenistic, Roman, Carthaginian, and Han Chinese colonies served as centres for trade (entrepôts),  expansion and empire-building.

Roman citizenship
Citizenship in ancient Rome (Latin: civitas) was a privileged political and legal status afforded to free individuals with respect to laws, property, and governance. Citizenship in ancient Rome was complex and based upon many different laws, traditions, and cultural practices. There existed several different types of citizenship, determined by one's gender, class, and political affiliations, and the exact duties or expectations of a citizen varied throughout the history of the Roman Empire.
Richard Reeves (animator)
Richard Roger Reeves (born September 21, 1959) is a Canadian animated filmmaker. He is known for his whimsical abstract animated films created using a drawn on film technique.

In many of his films, Reeves creates his soundtracks through graphical sound, drawing directly on the optical sound strip area of the film as well as the visual frames to create a sound painting.

Graphical sound
Graphical sound or drawn sound (Fr. son dessiné, Ger. graphische Tonerzeugung,; It. suono disegnato) is a sound recording created from images drawn directly onto film or paper that were then played back using a sound system. There are several different techniques depending on the technology employed, but all are a consequence of the sound-on-film technology and based on the creation of artificial optical polyphonic sound tracks on transparent film.
Alcea striata
Alcea striata, the desert hollyhock, is a tall hollyhock plant native between Turkey and Saudi Arabia. It is found in rocky limestone slopes, fields, roadsides, scrub, and deserts, in the elevations 0–1200 m (0–4000 ft). It can be found in Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Sinai, and Turkey.

Alcea
Alcea is a genus of over 80 species of flowering plants in the mallow family Malvaceae, commonly known as the hollyhocks. They are native to Asia and Europe. The single species of hollyhock from the Americas, the streambank wild hollyhock, belongs to a different genus.
Central Ayrshire
Central Ayrshire is a constituency of the British House of Commons, located in the south-west of Scotland within the North Ayrshire and South Ayrshire council areas. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) at least once every five years using the first-past-the-post system of voting. It has been represented since 2024 by Alan Gemmell of Scottish Labour.

Kilwinning (ward)
Kilwinning is one of the nine wards used to elect members of the North Ayrshire council. Created in 2007, the ward elects four councillors using the single transferable vote electoral system and covers an area with a population of 17,280 people.

The ward is a Labour stronghold with the party winning half the seats at every election.
José Luis Munuera
José Luis Munuera (born 21 April 1972, in Lorca in the region of Murcia, Spain) is a Spanish comics artist. Along with writer Jean-David Morvan, he was in charge of the classic Spirou et Fantasio series from 2004 to 2008.

Munuera kept close to the spirit of classic Spirou author Franquin's graphical style, while bringing a touch of manga-inspired modernism. Morvan and Munuera have however used  background elements and secondary characters from the whole history of the title, and not just from Franquin's period.

Munuera is also the artist on the children's comic series Nävis, a spin-off of Philippe Buchet's science fiction series Wake.

André Franquin
André Franquin (French: [fʁɑ̃kɛ̃]; 3 January 1924 – 5 January 1997) was an influential Belgian comics artist, whose best-known creations are Gaston and Marsupilami. He also produced the Spirou et Fantasio comic strip from 1946 to 1968, a period seen by many as the series' golden age.
Devonport City FC
Devonport City Strikers Football Club, or the "Strikers" is a soccer club based in Devonport, Tasmania. It competes in the National Premier Leagues, the second-tier of Australian football.

The club was founded in 1952 as an amalgamation of Devonport and Devonport Rovers and has won the Tasmania title ten times, most recently in 2023. The club plays at the 3500 capacity Valley Road Ground and fields teams in all junior divisions and women's.

Tasmanian soccer championship
The Tasmanian soccer championship describes the method of determining the best soccer club in Tasmania, Australia.  The championship has been decided using three different formats; a statewide league, a playoff between Northern and Southern league Champions and lastly a statewide finals system with top teams from Northern and Southern leagues.
Drosophila cardini species group
The Drosophila cardini species group belongs to the subgenus Drosophila of vinegar flies in the Immigrans-tripunctata radiation of the subgenus Drosophila. The closest relatives of Cardini species include Drosophila bizonata, Drosophila quinaria, and Drosophila testacea species groups, comprising mushroom-feeding flies. Cardini group species likely derived their more general feeding ecology from a mushroom-feeding ancestor, an evolutionary transition in feeding similar to Drosophila quinaria.

Drosophila bizonata
Drosophila bizonata is a species of fruit fly in the Drosophila bizonata species group in the Immigrans-tripunctata radiation of the Drosophila subgenus. Drosophila bizonata is found in Japan. D. bizonata breeds and feeds exclusively on mushrooms, and has a high tolerance for ibotenic acid, a toxic compound found in Amanita mushrooms.
Roy's Motel and Café
Roy's Motel and Café is a motel, café, gas station, and auto repair shop on the National Trails Highway, the former U.S. Route 66, in the Mojave Desert town of Amboy in San Bernardino County, California. It has been defunct for years, but is now being restored. The historic site is an example of roadside Mid-Century Modern Googie architecture. The entire town of Amboy—including the Roy's complex—is owned by and under the stewardship of a private preservationist.

Souvenir
A souvenir (French for 'a remembrance or memory'), memento, keepsake, or token of remembrance is an object a person acquires for the memories the owner associates with it. A souvenir can be any object that can be collected or purchased and transported home by the traveler as a memento of a visit. The object itself may have intrinsic value, or be a symbol of experience. Without the owner's input, the symbolic meaning is lost and cannot be articulated.
Cremorne, Tasmania
Cremorne is a rural residential locality in the local government area (LGA) of Clarence in the Hobart LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 21 kilometres (13 mi) south-east of the town of Rosny Park. The 2016 census recorded a population of 526 for the state suburb of Cremorne.
It is a town located on the South Arm Peninsula on the outskirts of Hobart.

South Arm Peninsula
South Arm Peninsula is a peninsula that lies on the east side of the mouth of the River Derwent south of Hobart in Tasmania, Australia.  The peninsula commences at Lauderdale and curves landward or inward on a narrow isthmus that has South Arm situated on the east side of the Derwent, across from Blackmans Bay on the west side. Opossum Bay is the northernmost populated place on the northward curve.

Ralphs Bay lies in the area defined by the peninsula to the west, while Storm Bay lies to the south of the peninsula, Frederick Henry Bay to the east side that separates from the Tasman Peninsula. The peninsula is located in the City of Clarence.

There are a number of organisations that use the name of the peninsula.
Alcyonidiopsis
Alcyonidiopsis  is a genus of pellet-filled trace fossil, often branching, known from the Ordovician, or possibly earlier, to the recent. It is associated with the deeper waters of the Nereites ichnofacies. The individual pellets that infill the burrow are sometimes referred to Tomaculum, though this practice is discouraged.

Nereites
Nereites is an ichnogenus of trace fossil. Modern tracemakers of incipient Nereites include worm-like organisms, horseshoe crabs and hermit crabs. Traditionally, two models have been proposed for Nereites:

in the ‘worm model’, Nereites is a feeding burrow produced by wormlike organisms, probing and backfilling laterally

in the ‘arthropod model’, the characteristic lobes are pressure-release structures made by arthropod legs. According to this interpretation, Nereites is a locomotion trail
The Beatles Anthology (TV series)
The Beatles Anthology is a documentary television series on the career of the Beatles. It was broadcast on UK television in six parts on ITV between 26 November and 31 December 1995, while in the United States it was seen as three feature-length episodes on ABC between 19 and 23 November 1995. It was released in greatly expanded form as an eight-volume VHS set and an eight-disc LaserDisc set on 5 September 1996. The series was re-released on DVD in 2003, with an 81-minute special-features disc. A re-edited version of the series was released on Disney+ starting on 26 November 2025, with an additional episode.

The Ed Sullivan Show
The Ed Sullivan Show is an American television variety show that ran on CBS from June 20, 1948, to March 28, 1971, and was hosted by New York entertainment columnist Ed Sullivan. It was replaced in September 1971 by the CBS Sunday Night Movie.

In 2002, The Ed Sullivan Show was ranked No. 15 on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time. In 2013, the series finished No. 31 in TV Guide Magazine's 60 Best Series of All Time.