hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Post (structural)
A post is a main vertical or leaning support in a structure similar to a column or pillar, the term post generally refers to a timber but may be metal or stone. A stud in wooden or metal building construction is similar but lighter duty than a post and a strut may be similar to a stud or act as a brace. In the U.K. a strut may be very similar to a post but not carry a beam.   In wood construction posts normally land on a sill, but in rare types of buildings the post may continue through to the foundation called an interrupted sill or into the ground called earthfast, post in ground, or posthole construction. A post is also a fundamental element in a fence. The terms "jack" and "cripple" are used with shortened studs and rafters but not posts, except in the specialized vocabulary of shoring.

Sill plate
A sill plate or sole plate in construction and architecture is the bottom horizontal member of a wall or building to which vertical members are attached. The word "plate" is typically omitted in America and carpenters speak simply of the "sill". Other names are rat sill, ground plate, ground sill, groundsel, night plate, and midnight sill.

Sill plates are usually composed of lumber but can be any material. The timber at the top of a wall is often called a top plate, pole plate, mudsill, wall plate or simply "the plate".
Leslie Driffield
Leslie Driffield (1912–1988) was an English world champion player of English billiards. He won the World Amateur Billiards Championship title twice, in 1952 and 1967; and the Billiards and Snooker Control Council version of the world professional championship, played on a challenge basis, in 1971 and 1973.

Glossary of cue sports terms
The following is a glossary of traditional English-language terms used in the three overarching cue sports disciplines: carom billiards referring to the various carom games played on a billiard table without pockets; pool, which denotes a host of games played on a table with six pockets; and snooker, played on a large pocket table, and which has a sport culture unto itself distinct from pool. There are also games such as English billiards that include aspects of multiple disciplines.
Silvanus P. Thompson
Silvanus Phillips Thompson FRS (19 June 1851 – 12 June 1916) was an English professor of physics at the City and Guilds Technical College in Finsbury, England. He was elected to the Royal Society in 1891 and was known for his work as an electrical engineer and as an author. Thompson's most enduring publication is his 1910 text Calculus Made Easy, which teaches the fundamentals of infinitesimal calculus, and is still in print. Thompson also wrote a popular physics text, Elementary Lessons in Electricity and Magnetism, as well as biographies of Lord Kelvin and Michael Faraday.

Royal Institution Christmas Lectures
The Royal Institution Christmas Lectures are a series of lectures on a single topic each, which have been held at the Royal Institution in London each year since 1825. The lectures present scientific subjects to a general audience, including young people, in an informative and entertaining manner. Michael Faraday conceived and initiated the Christmas Lecture series in 1825, at a time when organised education for young people was scarce. Many of the Christmas Lectures were published.
Sums of Inner Mongolia
In Inner Mongolia, China, a sum or sumu is a township-level political/administrative division. The sum division is equivalent to a township but is unique to Inner Mongolia. It is therefore larger than a gaqa (village) and smaller than a banner (the Inner Mongolia equivalent of the county-level division). Examples include Shiwei, Inner Mongolia and Honggor Sum, Siziwang Banner.

Sum whose population is predominated by ethnic minorities are designated ethnic sum – parallel with the ethnic township in the rest of China.  As of 2010, there is only one ethnic sum in China, the Evenk Ethnic Sum. The Enhe Russian Ethnic Township of Inner Mongolia is not called sum.

Shiwei, Inner Mongolia
Mengwu Shiwei (Chinese: 蒙兀室韦苏木; Russian: Сомон Мынъу-Шивэй) is a sum (a type of township-level division) under the administration of Ergun City, northeastern Inner Mongolia, situated directly on the border with the Russian-Siberian Far East. Shiwei is known for its use of Russian architecture, including many domed buildings in the Russian style.

The township is one of the main border crossings between China and Russia, lying on one side of the Ergune River. On the opposite bank lies the Russian village of Olochi, Zabaykalsky Krai, which connects to Shiwei via the Friendship Bridge.
Semuncia
The semuncia was an ancient Roman bronze coin valued at one twenty-fourth of an as, or half an uncia, produced during the Roman Republican era. It was made during the beginning of Roman cast bronze coinage as the lowest valued denomination.

The most common obverse types were a head of Mercury or an acorn, and the most common reverse types were a prow or a caduceus. It was issued until about 210 BC, at about the same time as the denarius was introduced.

Denarius
The denarius (Latin: [deːˈnaːriʊs]; pl.: dēnāriī, Latin: [deːˈnaːriiː]) was the standard Roman silver coin from its introduction in the Second Punic War c. 211 BC to the reign of Gordian III (AD 238–244), when it was gradually replaced by the antoninianus. It continued to be minted in very small quantities, likely for ceremonial purposes, until and through the Tetrarchy (293–313).: 87

The word dēnārius is derived from the Latin dēnī "containing ten", as its value was originally of 10 assēs. The word for "money" descends from it in Italian (denaro), Slovene (denar), Portuguese (dinheiro), and Spanish (dinero). Its name also survives in the dinar currency.

Its symbol is represented in Unicode as 𐆖 (U+10196), a numeral monogram that appeared on the obverse in the Republican period, denoting the 10 asses ("X") to 1 denarius ("I") conversion rate.
South Natuna
South Natuna (Indonesian: Natuna Selatan) is an archipelago off the west coast of the island of Borneo, the southernmost group of the Natuna Islands in the South China Sea. Geographically it is part of the Tudjuh Archipelago, and administratively part of the Riau Islands Province of Indonesia.

The archipelago is spread out over hundreds of kilometers. Major islands include Greater Subi Island (Pulau Subi Besar), Lesser Subi Island (Pulau Subi Kecil), Bakau, Panjang, Midai and Serasan. The Api Passage separates the South Natuna group from the island of Borneo. The Selasan Strait cuts through the bottom of the cluster of islands. Kepala Island is the easternmost island of Riau Islands Province.

Midai Island
Midai Island is an island in the Natuna Regency, Riau Islands, Indonesia. The island area of 26.19 km2 is split between the Midai District and the Suak Midai District, with a combined population of 5,289 in mid 2023. The island is only accessible by boat and has a port on the west side of the island, near Sabang Barat.
Live Classics
Live Classics is a live album by Australian band Little River Band. It was recorded during their 1992 world tour. The album included two new studio songs, "Walk Together" and "My Own Way Home". It was the last Little River Band album (other than subsequent compilations) with founder Glenn Shorrock as lead vocalist.

Derek Pellicci
Derek Allan Pellicci (born 18 February 1953) is an English-born Australian drummer. He is best known as a founding member of Little River Band. Pellicci lives in Melbourne with his wife, Anne and a son.
Gitarijada (Belgrade)
Gitarijada (Serbian Cyrillic: Гитаријада, lit. 'Guitar Fest') was a musical festival held in Belgrade, Serbia, at the time part of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The first edition of the festival was held in 1966, and second and the last in 1967. The festival was one of the first rock festivals in Yugoslavia and considered one of the most notable events in the early days of Yugoslav rock music.

Popular music in Yugoslavia
Popular music in Yugoslavia includes the pop and rock music of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, including all their genres and subgenres. The scene included the constituent republics: SR Slovenia, SR Croatia, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SR Montenegro, SR Macedonia and SR Serbia and its subunits: SAP Vojvodina and SAP Kosovo. The pop and rock scene was a part of the general Music of Yugoslavia, which also included folk, classical music, jazz etc. Within Yugoslavia and internationally, the phrases ex-YU or ex-Yugoslav Pop and Rock both formally and informally generally to the SFRY period, though, in some cases, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is included, along with Serbia and Montenegro, which existed until 2006 (such as the book title Ex YU rock enciklopedija 1960 - 2006).
Masashi Kumura
Masashi Kumura (Japanese: 玖村 将史, Kumura Masashi; born January 8, 1999) is a Japanese kickboxer, currently competing in the super bantamweight division of K-1. He is the former Krush Super Bantamweight champion, having held the title between 2019 and 2021. Kumura is a two-time K-1 World Grand Prix finalist, having finished as the runner-up in the 2019 and 2022 super bantamweight tournaments.

As of August 2023, he is ranked as the second best flyweight (-56.7 kg) kickboxer in the world by Combat Press and the second best super flyweight (-55 kg) kickboxer by Beyond Kickboxing. He's been ranked in the flyweight top ten since September 2020. He was previously ranked in the strawweight top ten by Combat Press from May 2019, until August 2020.

RISE (kickboxing)
Extreme Fight Game RISE, known simply as RISE, is a Japanese kickboxing promotion company based in Tokyo. Their name is an abbreviation of "Real Impact Sports Entertainment".

Its main roster showcases ten male and three female weight classes. They also hold the KAMINARIMON events, which are exclusively open to amateur fighters.
Murgleys
Murglais, Murgleis or Murgleys, (possibly "Death brand") is the sword of Ganelon, a traitorous French (Frankish) count and nemesis to the titular hero of the epic La chanson de Roland (The Song of Roland).

According to the French version, its "golden pommel (l'orie punt)" held some kind of a holy "relic".

In the Middle High German adaptation (Konrad der Pfaffe's Rolandslied) the sword is called Mulagir, touted to be the "best short sword in all of France", described as having a carbuncle on its pommel that shone bright by night, forged by a smith named Madelger in Regensburg. It had belonged to Naimes who brought it out of his fiefdom of Bavaria and presented it to Karl(Charlemagne), but unfortunately Ganelon took possession of it and carried it to the Saracen side.

Ganelon
Ganelon (US: /ˌɡænəˈloʊn/, French: [ɡan(ə)lɔ̃]) is the fictional knight who betrayed Charlemagne's army to the Saracens in the 11th century Matter of France, leading to the 778 Battle of Roncevaux Pass. He is based upon the historical Wenilo, the archbishop of Sens who betrayed King Charles the Bald in 858, though it has been suggested that his name is derived from the Italian word inganno, meaning fraud or deception.
Bathophilus flemingi
Bathophilus flemingi is a species of barbeled dragonfish in the genus Bathophilus. The species has been documented in the Pacific Ocean near Alaska, and fully-grown members of the species can reach a maximum length of ~16 centimeters.

Stomiidae
Stomiidae is a family of deep-sea ray-finned fish, including the barbeled dragonfishes, that live in all oceans in a wide range of depths. They are quite small, ranging around 15 to 26 centimetres (5.9 to 10.2 in) long, and they exhibit a strong sexual dimorphism. These fish are apex predators and have enormous jaws filled with fang-like teeth; their specially adapted neurocranium and upper-jaw system allows them to open their jaws to more than 100 degrees. This ability allows them to consume extremely large prey, often 50% greater than their standard length.
Censorship during the Bolivarian Revolution
Censorship during the Bolivarian Revolution in Venezuela refers to all actions that can be considered as the suppression of freedom of expression in the country during the revolution. The NGO Reporters Without Borders, in its 2017 annual report, ranked the country 137th out of 180 countries evaluated regarding the degree of press freedom, concluding that since 2010 there have been arbitrary detentions and defamation trials against journalists.

Todo Noticias
Todo Noticias (lit. 'All News') (also known as TN) is an Argentine pay and streaming news television channel owned by the Clarín Group and its subsidiary, Artear. The channel began broadcasting on 1 June 1993, at 7:00 AM local time. TN also has a news website, ranked as the 20th most visited in Argentina according to Alexa. According to IBOPE, it is Argentina's most watched news channel, surpassing La Nación + and C5N.

On 26 November 2012, the station completely relaunched, revamping its institutional image and studios. It did so during the broadcast of a special program from 7:00 AM to 10:00 PM with several of its prominent presenters in various locations across the country.

In April 2013, TN set a record in history: it reached 6 million unique users, ranking as the fourth most-visited news media in Argentina. The same year on 5 August, it launched a streamlined version called "TN Re-evolution".
John Haugeland
John Haugeland (/ˈhɔːɡlənd/ HAWG-lənd; March 13, 1945 – June 23, 2010) was an American philosopher, specializing in the philosophy of mind, cognitive science, phenomenology, and Heidegger. He spent most of his career at the University of Pittsburgh, followed by the University of Chicago from 1999 until his death. He is featured in Tao Ruspoli's film Being in the World.

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Point Arguello
Point Arguello (Spanish: Punta Argüello) is a headland on the Gaviota Coast, in Santa Barbara County, California, near the city of Lompoc. The area was first used by the United States Navy in 1959 for the launch of military and sounding rockets. It was transferred to the United States Air Force in 1964, at which time it became part of Vandenberg Air Force Base.

Gaviota Coast
The Gaviota Coast in Santa Barbara County, California, is a rural coastline along the Santa Barbara Channel roughly bounded by Goleta Point on the south and the north boundary of the county on the north. This last undeveloped stretch of Southern California coastline consists of dramatic bluffs, isolated beaches and terraced grasslands.
Franglais
Franglais (French: [fʁɑ̃ɡlɛ]) or Frenglish (/ˈfrɛŋɡlɪʃ/ FRENG-glish) is a French blend that referred first to the overuse of English words by French speakers and later to diglossia or the macaronic mixture of French (français) and English (anglais).

Loanword
A loanword is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing. Borrowing is a metaphorical term that is well established in the linguistic field despite its acknowledged descriptive flaws: nothing is taken away from the donor language and there is no expectation of returning anything (i.e., the loanword).

Loanwords may be contrasted with calques, in which a word is borrowed into the recipient language by being directly translated from the donor language rather than being adopted in (an approximation of) its original form. They must also be distinguished from cognates, which are words in two or more related languages that are similar because they share an etymological origin in the ancestral language, rather than because one borrowed the word from the other.
2017 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards
The 2017 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards (AMVCA) was held on March 5, 2017, at the Eko Hotels and Suites in Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria.

Nominees were revealed on December 14, 2016. In the event, Several top stars and top movies were nominated part of which was the movie  '76 got a record-breaking 14 nominations.

Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards
The Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards (AMVCA) are a set of accolades presented by MultiChoice recognizing outstanding achievement in television and film across Africa, through an annual ceremony hosted in the Exhibition Center of the Eko Hotel and Suites in Lagos, Nigeria. The inaugural Africa Magic Viewers’ Choice Awards ceremony was held on 9 March 2013, and was broadcast live in more than 50 countries. Entries into the award ceremony are films and TV series that have been aired in the previous year.
Ninigizibara
Ningizibara, also known as Igizibara and Ningizippara, was a Mesopotamian goddess associated with the balaĝ instrument, usually assumed to be a type of lyre. She could be regarded both as a physical instrument and as a minor deity. In both cases, she was associated with the goddess Inanna. A connection between her and the medicine goddess Gula is also attested, and it is possible she could serve as a minor healing deity herself.

Theophoric name
A theophoric name (from Greek: θεόφορος, theophoros, literally "bearing or carrying a god") embeds the word equivalent of 'god' or a god's name in a person's name, reflecting something about the character of the person so named in relation to that deity. For example, names embedding Apollo, such as Apollonios or Apollodorus, existed in Greek antiquity.

Theophoric personal names, containing the name of a god in whose care the individual is entrusted (or a generic word for god), were also exceedingly common in the ancient Near East and Mesopotamia.  Some names of theophoric origin remain common today, such as Theodore (theo-, "god"; -dore, origin of word compound in Greek: doron, "gift"; hence "God's gift"; in Greek: Theodoros) or, less recognisably, Jonathan (from Hebrew Yonatan/Yehonatan, meaning "Yahweh has given").
Marty Mornhinweg
Marty Mornhinweg (born March 29, 1962) is an American football coach and former player who was most recently a senior offensive consultant for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). He was the offensive coordinator for the San Francisco 49ers from 1997 to 2000, head coach of the Detroit Lions from 2001 to 2002, offensive coordinator for the Eagles from 2006 to 2012, offensive coordinator for the New York Jets from 2013 to 2014, and offensive coordinator for the Baltimore Ravens from 2016 to 2018.

2000 San Francisco 49ers season
The 2000 San Francisco 49ers season was the franchise's 51st season in the National Football League (NFL) and their 55th overall. Jerry Rice entered the 2000 season as the oldest player in the league at the wide receiver position. At the end of the year, however, with the emergence of Terrell Owens, Rice decided to leave the team after sixteen seasons to join the Raiders. Running back Charlie Garner would join Rice in Oakland.

The 49ers improved from 4–12 in 1999 to 6–10, but still suffered back-to-back losing seasons for the first time since their four consecutive losing seasons from 1977 to 1980.

This for first time since 1986 Steve Young was not on the opening day roster who retired after the 1999 season, the 49ers fully relied on second-year quarterback Jeff Garcia, who enjoyed his best year and was named to the Pro Bowl at the end of this season.
Monarchy of Canada and the Canadian Armed Forces
The relationship between the Canadian Crown and the Canadian Armed Forces is both constitutional and ceremonial, with the King of Canada being the commander-in-chief of the Canadian Forces and he and other members of the Canadian royal family holding honorary positions in various branches and regiments, embodying the historical relationship of the Crown with its armed forces. This construct stems from Canada's system of constitutional monarchy and through its 500 years of monarchical history, the relationship symbolically represented through royal symbols, such as crowns on military badges and insignia, coats of arms, royal portraits, and the grant of the royal prefix to various military units and institutions. The role of the Canadian sovereign within the Canadian Armed Forces is established within the Canadian constitution, the National Defence Act, and the King's Regulations and Orders (KR&Os) for the Canadian Forces.

Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia
Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia (Louise Margaret Alexandra Victoria Agnes; 25 July 1860 – 14 March 1917), later Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn, was a member of the House of Hohenzollern who married into the British royal family. She served as the viceregal consort of Canada while her husband, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, served as the governor general, from 1911 to 1916.
Caninia gens
The gens Caninia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome during the later Republic.  The first member of the gens who obtained any of the curule offices was Gaius Caninius Rebilus, praetor in 171 BC; but the first Caninius who was consul was his namesake, Gaius Caninius Rebilus, in 45 BC.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Lettre à M. Dacier
Lettre à M. Dacier (full title: Lettre à M. Dacier relative à l'alphabet des hiéroglyphes phonétiques: "Letter to M. Dacier concerning the alphabet of the phonetic hieroglyphs") is a letter sent in 1822 by the Egyptologist Jean-François Champollion to Bon-Joseph Dacier, secretary of the French Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. It is the founding text upon which Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs were first systematically deciphered by Champollion, largely on the basis of the multilingual Rosetta Stone.

Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; Arabic: علم المصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt, including historic artifacts and ancient writing. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture, culture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.