hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
UGATUSAT
UGATUSAT (УГАТУ-САТ, an abbreviation of the Russian name verbatim – «Ufimskiy Gosudarstvenniy Aviatsionniy Tekhnicheskiy Universitet Satellite») was a Russian microsatellite which was built and operated by Ufa State Aviation Technical University (USATU). The satellite was intended to be used as a technology demonstrator, and for Earth observation.

Ufa State Aviation Technical University
Ufa State Aviation Technical University (USATU) (Russian: Уфимский Государственный Авиационный Технический Университет, УГАТУ, Bashkir: Өфө дәүләт авиация техник университеты, ӨДАТУ, romanized: Öfö däwlät aviatsiä texnik universitetı, ÖDATU) was a state higher school, located in Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia. Ufa State Aviation Technical University was founded in 1932 in Rybinsk, USSR (moved to Ufa during WWII). Nowadays, Ufa State Aviation Technical University represents a scientific and educational complex. There were 18 areas of study and 40 programs in its 7 faculties (full-time and by correspondence).

USATU is one of the best technical universities in Russia, producing specialists for the aviation industry.

More than 20,000 students studied at the university.

On July 8, 2022, the Ufa University of Science and Technology was established through the reorganization (merger) of Bashkir State University and  Ufa State Aviation Technical University, which ended on November 1
North Stoneham
North Stoneham is a settlement in the civil parish of Eastleigh Town, in the Eastleigh district, in the county of south Hampshire, England. Formerly an ancient estate, manor, and civil parish, It is between Eastleigh and Southampton. Until the nineteenth century, it was a rural community comprising a number of scattered hamlets, including Middle Stoneham, North End, and Bassett Green, and characterised by large areas of woodland.

Parts of the former 1,000-acre estate and manor house, North Stoneham Park, which was redesigned by Capability Brown in the eighteenth century, remain at Avenue Park to the north of the settlement. The church of St. Nicolas stands in Stoneham Lane, on the edge of the former park, while opposite is the former rectory, now an office complex. The aviation pioneer, Edwin Moon, selected the flat field at North Stoneham Farm for his first flight in 1910, on what is now Southampton Airport.

Chilworth, Hampshire
Chilworth is a village in the Test Valley district of Hampshire, England, on the northern edge of Southampton. Good travel connections and restricted development have led to the village becoming particularly affluent. The village was referred to as Celeworda in the Domesday Book of 1086, and is now in two parts: modern Chilworth lying along the straight 'new' stretch of the Southampton to Romsey road, and old Chilworth built around the 'old' road.
Hardinge Hay Cameron
Hardinge Hay Cameron CCS, JP, FRCI (5 August 1846 – 16 September 1911) was the nineteenth Treasurer of Ceylon (1901–1904), and a member of both the Legislative Council and Governor's Executive Council, under the Ridgeway, and Blake administrations. He also served as the Mayor/Chairman of the Colombo Municipal Council (1887–1893).

Legislative Council of Ceylon
The Legislative Council of Ceylon was the legislative body of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) established in 1833, along with the Executive Council of Ceylon, on the recommendations of the Colebrooke-Cameron Commission. It was the first form of representative government in the island. The 1931 Donoughmore Constitution replaced the Legislative Council with the State Council of Ceylon.

Members of the Legislative Council, used the post-nominal letters, MLC.
1994 Mercedes Cup
The 1994 Mercedes Cup,  was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts and held at the Tennis Club Weissenhof in Stuttgart, Germany that was part of the Championship Series of the 1994 ATP Tour. It was the 17th edition of the tournament was held from 18 July until 25 July 1994. Fourth-seeded Alberto Berasategui won the singles title.

1994 ATP Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
Ralph Alan Cohen
Ralph Alan Cohen (born 1945) is an American educator, scholar theatre director, and academic entrepreneur. He is the co-founder and Senior Advisor of the American Shakespeare Center, a theater company located in Staunton, Virginia.  In 2001, as Executive Director of the ASC, he was also Project Director for the building of the Blackfriars Playhouse, a recreation of the Blackfriars Theatre, England’s first purpose-built indoor theatre, and home to Shakespeare’s company, the King’s Men until the closing of the theatres in 1642.

Cohen was Gonder Professor of Shakespeare and Performance and founded the Master of Letters and Fine Arts program at Mary Baldwin University. He is the author of ShakesFear and How to Cure It: A Handbook for Teaching Shakespeare.

Cohen’s "ability to negotiate nimbly among three disciplines: scholarship, pedagogy, and theatre-making" has influenced theatrical and pedagogical practices in the United States and abroad.

James Madison University
James Madison University (JMU, Madison, or James Madison) is a public research university in Harrisonburg, Virginia, United States. Founded in 1908, the institution was renamed in 1938 in honor of the fourth president of the United States, James Madison. It has since expanded from its origins as a normal school and teacher's college into a comprehensive university. It is situated in the Shenandoah Valley, just west of Massanutten Mountain.
West London College (1977–2017)
West London College (WLC) was an independent college of further and higher education specialising in the arts, design and fashion sectors. located on Manchester Street in the Mayfair and Marylebone district of Central London. The College was part of the British Study Centres Group of Colleges which included British Study Centres School of English, and Hove College. It had 400 enrolled students before its closure in 2017. The name and trademark were transferred to West London College, the trading name of Ealing, Hammersmith and West London College, in 2017.

West London College
West London College, legally known as the Ealing, Hammersmith and West London College is a large further and higher education college in West London, England, formed in 2002 by the merger between Ealing Tertiary College and Hammersmith and West London College. It is based across three campuses located in Ealing, Hammersmith and Southall; the main campus of the college is situated on the north side of the busy A4 dual-carriageway, between Hammersmith and Earls Court. There are over 13,000 students as of 2016, providing training and development from entry level to postgraduate.
Mariano da Roccacasale
Mariano da Roccacasale (13 January 1778 – 31 May 1866) - born Domenico di Nicolantonio - was an Italian Roman Catholic professed religious from the Order of Friars Minor. He was of peasant stock and entered the order in his twenties as a professed religious rather than as an ordained priest. He was an influence in the decision of Giuseppe Oddi joining the Franciscans after their 1863 encounter.
He became titled as a Servant of God under Pope Leo XIII on 12 December 1895 with the commencement of the canonization cause. He received the title Venerable in 1923 under Pope Pius XI; Roccacasale was beatified - alongside Oddi - when Pope John Paul II presided over the late Franciscans' beatification on 3 October 1999.

Religious brother
A religious brother (abbreviated Br. or Bro. as a title) is a lay male member of a religious institute or religious order who commits himself to following Christ in consecrated life, usually by the vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. Equivalent to a religious sister, a religious brother typically lives in a religious community and works in a ministry appropriate to his capabilities.

A brother might practice any secular occupation. Some religious institutes are composed only of brothers; others are made up of brothers and clerics (priests or ministers, and seminarians).

In some Christian groups, members refer to each other as "brother" or "sister". For example, Shakers use the title for all adult male members.
Edward Morris (cricketer)
Edward Silvester Morris (6 April 1849 – 14 November 1928) was an English cricketer.  Morris' batting and bowling styles are unknown.  He was born in Bedminster, Somerset.

Morris made two first-class appearances for Gloucestershire in 1870. The first of these came against Surrey at The Oval.  In this match he batted once, scoring 17 runs before being dismissed by George Griffith. The second of these came against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's.  In this match, he scored 13 runs in Gloucestershire's only innings before being dismissed by Alfred Shaw.

Morris died in Rochdale, Lancashire on 14 November 1928.

Alfred Shaw
Alfred Shaw (29 August 1842 – 16 January 1907) was a Victorian cricketer and rugby footballer, who bowled the first ball in Test cricket and was the first to take five wickets in a Test innings (5/35). He made two trips to North America and four to Australia, captaining the English cricket team in four Test matches on the all-professional tour of Australia in 1881/82, where his team lost and drew two each. He was also, along with James Lillywhite and Arthur Shrewsbury, co-promoter of the tour. He also organised the first British Isles rugby tour to Australasia in 1888.
Mazatlán Mazatec
Mazatlán Mazatec is a Mazatecan language spoken in the Mexican state of Oaxaca, in the town of Mazatlán Villa de Flores. Egland (1978) found 80% intelligibility with Tecóatl and 78% with Huautla, the prestige variety of Mazatec.

See Mazatecan languages for a detailed description of these languages.

Tecóatl Mazatec
Tecóatl Mazatec, also known as Eloxochitlán Mazatec and Northern Highland Mazatec, is a Mazatecan language spoken in the Mexican states of Oaxaca and Puebla, notably in the towns of San Jerónimo Tecóatl, Eloxochitlán de Flores Magón, San Lucas Zoquiapam, Santa Cruz Acatepec, San Pedro Ocopetatillo, San Lorenzo Cuaunecuiltitla, Santa Ana Ateixtlahuaca, and San Francisco Huehuetlán. Egland found 76% intelligibility with Huautla, the prestige variety of Mazatec, though SIL reports that speakers of all dialects "have considerable difficulty understanding the prestigious variant spoken in Huautla de Jiménez"

See Mazatecan languages for a detailed description of these languages.
Cherkasy Oblast
Cherkasy Oblast (Ukrainian: Черкаська область, romanized: Cherkaska oblast, IPA: [tʃerˈkɑsʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Cherkashchyna (Ukrainian: Черкащина, IPA: [tʃerˈkɑʃtʃɪnɐ]) is an oblast (province) in central Ukraine located along the Dnieper River. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Cherkasy. The current population of the oblast is 1,160,744 (2022 estimate).

Russification of Ukraine
The Russification of Ukraine (Ukrainian: русифікація України or зросійщення України; Russian: русификация Украины) was a system of measures, actions and legislations undertaken by the Imperial Russian, later Soviet, and present-day authorities of the Russian Federation to strengthen Russian national, political and linguistic positions in Ukraine.

Like in other countries of Eastern Europe historically ruled by Russian political regimes, Russification in Ukraine aims to assimilate the local population and has been conducted through a wide array of measures, including introduction of Russian language in school education and state institutions, promotion of mixed marriages, ideological, political and cultural indoctrination, displacement of population etc.
Tesoro Corporation
Tesoro Corporation, known briefly as Andeavor, was a Fortune 100 and a Fortune Global 500 company headquartered in San Antonio, Texas, with 2017 annual revenues of $35 billion, and over 14,000 employees worldwide. Based on 2017 revenue, the company ranked No. 90 in the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.

Tesoro was an independent refiner and marketer of petroleum products, operating ten refineries in the Western United States with a combined rated crude oil capacity of approximately 1,200,000 barrels (190,000 m3) per day. Tesoro's retail-marketing system included approx. 3,000 branded retail gas stations, of which more than 595 were company-operated under its own Tesoro brandname, as well as Shell, ExxonMobil, ARCO, and USA Gasoline brands.

Tesoro, known at the time as Andeavor, was acquired by Marathon Petroleum on October 1, 2018.

Hydrocarbon exploration
Hydrocarbon exploration (or oil and gas exploration) is the search by petroleum geologists and geophysicists for hydrocarbon deposits, particularly petroleum and natural gas, in the Earth's crust using petroleum geology.
Xiao Yingzi
Xiao Yingzi (Chinese: 肖莺子; born March 1963) is a Chinese politician of Zhuang ethnicity currently serving as vice chairwoman of the Hainan Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

He was a representative of the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party and an alternate of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 12th National People's Congress.

12th National People's Congress
The 12th National People's Congress (NPC) was elected in national congressional conferences from October 2012 to February 2013 and was in session from 2013 to 2018. It succeeded the 11th National People's Congress.  It held five plenary sessions in this period, occurring around early March every year.  It was succeeded by the communing of the 13th National People's Congress.
Women's education in Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia is a theocracy organized according to the principles of Islam, which puts emphasis on the importance of knowledge and education. In Islamic belief, obtaining knowledge is the only way to gain true understanding of life, and as such, both men and women are encouraged to study. In 2021, women's college graduation rates exceeded those of men's.

Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University
Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU; Arabic: جامعة الأميرة نورة بنت عبد الرحمن), formerly Riyadh University for Women, is a public women's university in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It is the largest women's university in the world. Established in 1970 during the reign of King Faisal bin Abdulalziz, it assumed its current name in 2008 when it was granted university status by King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz and is named after Noura bint Abdul Rahman, elder sister and adviser of King Abdulaziz ibn Saud and the eldest daughter of Abdul Rahman bin Faisal, the last emir of the Second Saudi State.

The university offers diplomas, bachelor and postgraduate degrees. It has 34 colleges in the city of Riyadh and in the neighbouring cities, an Arabic Language Institute (for non-speakers of Arabic), a Deanship of Community Service and Continuous Education, and a Community College. It has more than 5,000 academic and administrative staff.
Abdihakim Abdullahi Haji Omar
Abdihakim Abdullahi Haji Omar (Somali: Cabdihakiin Cabdulaahi Xaaji Cumar Camey; b. September 19, 1965, Arabic: عبد الحكيم عبد الله حاجي عمر عمي) AKA Abdihakin Amey, is a former Vice President of Puntland from 8 January 2014 to 8 January 2019 and was replaced by Ahmed Elmi Osman.

Vice President of Puntland
The vice president of Puntland (VPOP) serves as the secondary head of the Government of Puntland after the President of Puntland. The office was established following the formation of Puntland on 1 August 1998, and is held by five officials, and two interim vice presidents, elected by the Parliament of Puntland. The first vice president was Mohamed Abdi Hashi. Following the 2024 Vice Presidential Election, Ilyas Osman Lugator was elected in January 2024.
Donji Pustakovec
Donji Pustakovec (Hungarian: Alsópusztafa) is a village in Međimurje County, Croatia.

The village is part of the municipality of Donji Kraljevec and had a population of 286 in the 2011 census. It is connected with the village of Sveti Juraj u Trnju. The D3 state road passes through both villages, which are located around 15 kilometres south-east of Čakovec, the county seat and largest city of Međimurje County.

Čakovec
Čakovec (Croatian pronunciation: [tʃâkoʋets]; Hungarian: Csáktornya; Latin: Aquama; German: Tschakathurn) is a city in Northern Croatia, located around 90 kilometres (56 miles) north of Zagreb, the Croatian capital, and close to the borders with Slovenia and Hungary. Čakovec is both the county seat and the largest city of Međimurje County, the northernmost, smallest and most densely populated Croatian county. It is situated centrally in the lowland part of the region, along the Trnava river.
Arnica louiseana
Arnica louiseana is a Canadian species of flowering plant in the sunflower family, known by the common name Lake Louise arnica or snow arnica. It is native to the Canadian Rockies in Alberta and British Columbia, and named for Lake Louise in Banff National Park.

It is a small plant rarely more than 20 cm (8 in) tall. Flower heads are yellow, with both ray florets and disc florets. It grows at high elevations in alpine tundra and rocky outcrops.

Edith May Farr
Edith May Farr (1864–1956) was an American botanist noted for her study of Rocky Mountain and Canadian flora. Originally from Philadelphia, she was active collecting plants in the Selkirk Range and in the southern Canadian Rockies. In 1904, she collected specimens for the University of Pennsylvania in the Rocky Mountains with Mary Schäffer Warren and Olive S. Day.
Whitchurch, Herefordshire
Whitchurch is a village in Herefordshire situated on the A40, connecting nearby Ross-on-Wye to Welsh town Monmouth. It is located within the Wye Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Whitchurch parish encompasses the areas of Symonds Yat (West), Lewstone and the Great Doward. These areas are served by the Whitchurch and Ganarew Group Parish Council.

Symonds Yat
Symonds Yat is a village in the Wye Valley in the English counties of Herefordshire and Gloucestershire, and a popular tourist destination. It straddles the River Wye, and is within a few miles of Monmouthshire and the Welsh border.

The two settlements either side of the river are known as Symonds Yat West and Symonds Yat East and are linked by a footbridge and passenger ferries. Nearby is Symonds Yat Rock, a scenic hilltop viewpoint. The Seven Sisters Rocks are an outcrop of rocks forming cliffs above the Wye at Symonds Yat.
2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Oklahoma
The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Oklahoma occurred on November 8, 2016. Voters determined five candidates to serve in the U.S. House, one from each of the state's five congressional districts. The primaries were held on June 28.

Seminole County, Oklahoma
Seminole County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,556. Its county seat is Wewoka. Most of the county was a reservation for the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma which still retains jurisdiction over some land in the county. A small portion of land at the eastern end of the county belonged to the Muscogee (Creek) Nation.

Seminole County is notable for the Greater Seminole Field, one of the most important oil fields ever found, which is still producing. It extends into nearby counties. In the early years of the oil boom, workers and adventurers flooded into the county, rapidly tripling the population. As oil production later declined, jobs and residents left.
Larache
Larache (Arabic: العرائش, romanized: al-ʿArāʾish) is a city in northwestern Morocco. It is on the Moroccan coast, where the Loukkos River meets the Atlantic Ocean. Larache is one of the most important cities of the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region.

Many civilisations and cultures have influenced the history of Larache, starting in the ancient city of Lixus during the 12th century BCE. Between the period of being a strategic Berber town and then a Phoenician trading centre to Morocco's independence era around the 1950s, Larache was a nexus for many cultures.

Mauretania
Mauretania (/ˌmɒrɪˈteɪniə, ˌmɔːrɪ-/; Classical Latin: [mau̯.reːˈt̪aː.ni.a]) is the Latin name for a region in the ancient Maghreb. It extended from central present-day Algeria to the Atlantic, encompassing northern present-day Morocco, and from the Mediterranean in the north to the Atlas Mountains. Its native inhabitants, of Berber ancestry, were known to the Romans as the Mauri and the Masaesyli.

In 25 BC, the kings of Mauretania became Roman vassals until about 44 AD, when the area was annexed to Rome and divided into two provinces: Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis. Christianity spread there from the 3rd century onwards. After the Muslim Arabs subdued the region in the 7th century, Islam became the dominant religion.
Italian Gambit
The Italian Gambit is a chess opening that begins with the moves:

1. e4 e5

2. Nf3 Nc6

3. Bc4 Bc5

4. d4

It is often played as an alternative to the quiet and closed lines of the Giuoco Piano or Giuoco Pianissimo openings. Black can:

take with the pawn (4...exd4), a transposition to the Scotch Gambit;

take with the knight (4...Nxd4), which is considered weak since it allows 5.Nxe5, attacking f7 with the bishop and knight; or

take with the bishop (4...Bxd4), which is considered best.

Chess annotation symbols
When annotating chess games, commentators frequently use widely recognized annotation symbols. Question marks and exclamation points that denote a move as bad or good are ubiquitous in chess literature. Some publications intended for an international audience, such as the Chess Informant, have a wide range of additional symbols that transcend language barriers.

The common symbols for evaluating the merits of a move are "??", "?", "?!", "!?", "!", and "!!". The chosen symbol is appended to the text describing the move (e.g. Re7? or Kh1!?); see Algebraic chess notation.

Use of these annotation symbols is subjective, as different annotators use the same symbols differently or for a different reason.
2013 Iranian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Iran on 14 June 2013. Hassan Rouhani was elected in the first round with over 50% of the vote. Tehran mayor Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf finished second with 17% of the vote. Voter turnout was 73%.

The Guardian Council screened 680 registered candidates, approving eight to run in the election; Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel, Ali Akbar Velayati, Saeed Jalili, Mohsen Rezaee, Mohammad Gharazi, Hassan Rouhani and Mohammad Reza Aref. Haddad-Adel and Aref later withdrew from the race in the days leading up to the election. Incumbent president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was not able to run for re-election as he was limited to two terms or 8 years in office under the Iranian constitution.

Iranian reformists
The Reformists (Persian: اصلاح‌طلبان, romanized: Eslâh-Talabân) are an Islamic liberal political faction in Iran. Iran's "reform era" is sometimes said to have lasted from 1997 to 2005—the length of President Mohammad Khatami's two terms in office. The Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front is the main umbrella organization and coalition within the movement; however, there are reformist groups not aligned with the council, such as the Reformists Front. Masoud Pezeshkian, a reformist, was elected president following the 2024 Iranian presidential election, and was subsequently confirmed by Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei on 28 July.