hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 GEICO 500
The 2024 GEICO 500 was a NASCAR Cup Series race held on April 21, 2024, at Talladega Superspeedway in Lincoln, Alabama. Contested over 188 laps on the 2.66 mile (4.28 km) superspeedway, it was the 10th race of the 2024 NASCAR Cup Series season. Tyler Reddick won the race. Brad Keselowski finished 2nd, and Noah Gragson finished 3rd. Ricky Stenhouse Jr. and Alex Bowman rounded out the top five, and Anthony Alfredo, William Byron, Todd Gilliland, Daniel Hemric, and Harrison Burton rounded out the top ten.

Jack Link's 500
The Jack Link's 500 is a NASCAR Cup Series stock car race held at the Talladega Superspeedway in Lincoln, Alabama. The race is usually held in April or May. The 1997 event stands as the fastest NASCAR race to date ever run with an average speed of 188.354 miles per hour (303.126 km/h) and was the first race at Talladega Superspeedway that was not interrupted by a caution period.

The race was known as the second leg of the sport's Grand Slam races from 1970 until the result of Ferko lawsuit in 2004. The race was also previously part of the Winston Million. Austin Cindric is the defending winner of the race, having won it in 2025.
Jigme Wangchuck
Jigme Wangchuck (Dzongkha: འཇིགས་མེད་དབང་ཕྱུག, Wylie: ’jigs med dbang phyug; 1905 – 30 March 1952) was King of Bhutan from 26 August 1926 until his death in 1952. He pursued legal and infrastructural reform during his reign. Bhutan continued to maintain almost complete isolation from the outside world during this period; its only foreign relations were with the British Raj in India, under which Bhutan was a protected state. He was succeeded by his son, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck.

King of Bhutan
The King of Bhutan, officially the Druk Gyalpo (འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་པོ་; lit. 'Dragon King'), is the constitutional monarch and head of state of the Kingdom of Bhutan. In the Dzongkha language, Bhutan is known as Drukyul which translates as "The Land of the Thunder Dragon". Thus, while kings of Bhutan are known as Druk Gyalpo ("Dragon King"), the Bhutanese people call themselves the Drukpa, meaning "people of Druk (Bhutan)".

The current sovereign of Bhutan is Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, the fifth Druk Gyalpo. He wears the Raven Crown, which is the official crown worn by the kings of Bhutan. He is correctly styled "Mi'wang 'Ngada Rinpoche" ("His Majesty") and addressed "Ngada Rimboche" ("Your Majesty").

King Jigme Khesar was the youngest reigning monarch in the world, being 26 years old when he ascended the throne on 9 December 2006 after his father, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, abdicated the throne in his favour. He was 28 years old when he was crowned on 6 November 2008.
Negritos Islands Biological Reserve
The Negritos Islands Biological Reserve is a nature reserve of Costa Rica, part of the Tempisque Conservation Area, containing two islands separated by a small channel in the Gulf of Nicoya which protects migratory bird species which use the island seasonally.

Gulf of Nicoya
The Gulf of Nicoya (Spanish: Golfo de Nicoya) is an inlet of the Pacific Ocean. It separates the Nicoya Peninsula from the mainland of Costa Rica, and encompasses a marine and coastal landscape of wetlands, rocky islands and cliffs.

The first Spanish landing in Nicaragua took place here in 1519.
Barnack railway station
Barnack railway station was a station in the Soke of Peterborough (now Cambridgeshire) serving the village of Barnack. Despite being located adjacent to the village, the more remote Uffington & Barnack station on the Midland Railway Leicester to Peterborough line was more convenient for many journeys. Barnack station was opened by the Stamford and Essendine Railway (S&ER) on 9 August 1867; it was on the S&ER's branch from Stamford to Wansford. The S&ER was leased to the Great Northern Railway at the end of 1892. The line never really recovered from the 1926 general strike, and the station closed with the line on 1 July 1929. In 2014 the building survives as a private house.

Stamford East railway station
Stamford East railway station was the Stamford and Essendine Railway station in Water Street, Stamford, Lincolnshire. The line was worked by the Great Northern Railway but retained its independence until 1886, when the GNR took the line on perpetual lease.
Denis Tomaj
Denis from the kindred Tomaj (Hungarian: Tomaj nembeli Dénes; died 11 April 1241) was a Hungarian influential baron in the first half of the 13th century, who served as the Palatine of Hungary under King Béla IV from year 1235 to 1241, until his death at the Battle of Mohi.

Palatine of Hungary
The Palatine of Hungary (Hungarian: nádor or nádorispán, German: Landespalatin, Latin: palatinus regni Hungariae) was the highest-ranking office in the Kingdom of Hungary from the beginning of the 11th century to 1848. Initially, Palatines were representatives of the monarchs, later (from 1723) the vice-regent (viceroy). In the early centuries of the kingdom, they were appointed by the king, and later (from 1608) were elected by the Diet of the Kingdom of Hungary. A Palatine's jurisdiction included only Hungary proper, in the Kingdom of Croatia until 1918 the ban held similar function as the highest office in the Kingdom (after the king himself), monarch's representative, commander of the royal army and viceroy (after the union of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia with Hungary in 1102).
Fisher's Field
Fisher's Field is a 1.8 hectare Local Nature Reserve (LNR) in Bushey in Hertfordshire. It is owned and managed by Hertsmere Borough Council.

The site was used for grazing cattle before the Second World War, when it was converted to allotments to assist in increasing food production. The allotments eventually fell into disuse, and in 1994 Hertsmere Council proposed to build houses on the site. Residents objected that it fell within the Watling Chase Community Forest and the Green Belt, and that it should therefore be preserved for wildlife. The council agreed, and in 1998 Fisher's Field became an LNR.

There are areas of woodland, with trees including oak, rowan and wild cherry, and a wildflower meadow and scrub with bramble, raspberry and willow herb. Animals include green woodpecker, shrews and bees. The Friends of Fisher's Field assist the council in maintaining and improving the site.

There is access from Fisher's Close and Park Close.

Hertsmere
Hertsmere is a local government district with borough status in Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Borehamwood. Other settlements in the borough include Bushey, Elstree, Radlett and Potters Bar. The borough contains several film studios, including Elstree Studios and the BBC Elstree Centre at Borehamwood. The borough borders Three Rivers, Watford, St Albans, and Welwyn Hatfield in Hertfordshire and the three north London boroughs of Harrow, Barnet and Enfield. Hertsmere is located mainly within the M25 Motorway.
Loch Etchachan
Loch Etchachan is a remote freshwater loch set deep within the central Cairngorms plateau, in the Cairngorms National Park, located in the eastern Highlands of Scotland. It is the highest waterbody of its size in the UK, the surface being 927 metres (3,041 ft) above sea level. However, the highest named bodies of water in the UK are Loch Coire an Lochain, which lies 6km to the west of Loch Etchachan on the opposite side of the Lairig Ghru, and Lochan Buidhe, which lies between Cairn Lochan and Ben Macdui.

Lairig Ghru
The Lairig Ghru (Scottish Gaelic: Làirig Dhrù) is one of the mountain passes through the Cairngorms of Scotland. The route and mountain pass partially lies on the Mar Lodge Estate.

Like many traditional routes, the ends of the route through the Lairig Ghru are like the ends of a frayed rope. From the south the Lairig Ghru can be approached from Braemar through Glen Lui, or Glen Dee, and from Blair Atholl through Glen Tilt. From the north the Lairig Ghru can be approached from Glenmore through the Chalamain Gap, and from Aviemore through the Rothiemurchus Forest by way of the Crossroads above Allt Drùidh.
TimescaleDB
TimescaleDB is an open-source time series database developed by Timescale Inc. (renamed "TigerData" on June 17, 2025). It is written in C and extends PostgreSQL. TimescaleDB  is a relational database and supports standard SQL queries.  Additional SQL functions and table structures provide support for time series data oriented towards storage, performance, and analysis facilities for data-at-scale.

One of the key features of TimescaleDB is its performance, which has been compared to InfluxDB. Time-based data partitioning via hypertables provides for improved query execution and performance when used for time oriented applications. More granular partition definition is achieved through the use of user defined attributes.

TimescaleDB is offered as open source software under the Apache 2.0 license. Additional features are offered in a community edition as source available software under the Timescale License Agreement (TLS).

InfluxDB
Free and open-source software portal

InfluxDB is a time series database (TSDB) developed by the company InfluxData. It is used for storage and retrieval of time series data in fields such as operations monitoring, application metrics, Internet of Things sensor data, and real-time analytics. It also has support for processing data from Graphite.

The latest version of InfluxDB, 3.x, is written in the Rust programming language. Versions 1.x and 2.x are written in Go.
Subgiant
A subgiant is a star that is brighter than a normal main-sequence star of the same spectral class, but not as bright as  giant stars. The term subgiant is applied both to a particular spectral luminosity class and to a stage in the evolution of a star.

Fraunhofer lines
The Fraunhofer lines are a set of spectral absorption lines. They are dark absorption lines, seen in the optical spectrum of the Sun, and are formed when atoms in the solar atmosphere absorb light being emitted by the solar photosphere. The lines are named after German physicist Joseph von Fraunhofer, who observed them in 1814.
1990–91 Primera B Nacional
The 1990–91 Argentine Primera B Nacional was the fifth season of second division professional of football in Argentina. A total of 22 teams competed; the champion and runner-up were promoted to Argentine Primera División.

Central Córdoba de Rosario
Club Atlético Central Córdoba, usually just Central Córdoba, is an Argentine football club based in the city of Rosario, Santa Fe. The team currently plays in Primera C Metropolitana, the regionalised fourth division of the Argentine football league system.
Pacification of Batangas
The Pacification of Batangas was a counterinsurgency action initiated by Philippine Governor William H. Taft and Brigadier General J. Franklin Bell. General hostilities in the Philippine-American War had largely ceased in April after the capture of Emilio Aguinaldo, President of the insurgent Philippine Republic and his publication of a manifesto on April 19, 1901, acknowledging and accepting U.S. sovereignty throughout the Philippines. Fighting continued in southwestern Luzon by forces commanded by Miguel Malvar. American military forces conducted a counterinsurgency campaign in the area, implementing strict controls on travel, shifting civilians into designated zones, and destroying food supplies, along with increasing military activity in the area. Malvar surrendered in April 1902.

Glenn Anthony May
Glenn Anthony May (June 12, 1945 – September 8, 2020) was a professor of history at the University of Oregon, where he worked from 1983 to 2015.  His area of study included Southeast Asian history (especially of the Philippines), foreign relations of the United States, and Chicano history.
Conquest of Cuenca
The Conquest of Cuenca was a siege led by Alfonso VIII of Castile and Alfonso II of Aragon to the city of Cuenca in 1177. The siege lasted for almost a year until it finally fell on Castilian hands in 21 September.

Cuenca, Spain
Cuenca (Spanish: [ˈkweŋka] ⓘ) is a city and municipality of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha and the capital of the province of Cuenca.

The primitive urban core developed on a narrow escarpment caged between the Júcar and the Huécar rivers, on the western fringes of the Iberian System mountains. It was probably founded towards the 10th century CE, becoming a stronghold of the Arabised Berber lineage of the Banū Zennum, featuring a fortress, Qal'at Kūnka, which was conquered for the Kingdom of Castile in 1177. In the early modern period, the city boasted of a thriving textile and tapestry industry.
Bicycle tools
The term bicycle tools typically refers to specialty tools used on bicycles, as opposed to general purpose mechanical tools. such as spanners and hex wrenches. Various bicycle tools have evolved over the years into specialized tools for working on a bicycle. Modern bicycle shops will stock a large number of tools for working on different bicycle parts. This work can be performed by a trained bicycle mechanic, or for simple tasks, by the bicycle owner.

Bicycle wheel
A bicycle wheel is a wheel, most commonly a wire wheel, designed for a bicycle. A pair is often called a wheelset, especially in the context of ready built "off the shelf" performance-oriented wheels.

Bicycle wheels are typically designed to fit into the frame and fork via dropouts, and hold bicycle tires.
2019 Mongolian Premier League
The 2019 Mongolian Premier League was the 51st season of football in Mongolia. The season began on 13 April and is scheduled to end in August 2019. This is the second year of a 3-year sponsorship deal with Mazala.

Erchim are the defending champion. Khoromkhon and Khaan Khuns Titem joined as the promoted teams from the 2018 Mongolian 1st League, replacing Arvis and Gepro which were relegated from the 2018 Mongolian Premier League.

2018 Mongolian Premier League
The 2018 Mongolian Premier League (also known as the Khurkhree National Premier League) is the 50th edition of the top-tier football league in Mongolia. Erchim comes into the season as defending champions of the 2017 season.

Arvis FC and Gepro FC entered as the two promoted teams from the Mongolian 1st League while Khoromkhon FC and Ulaanbaataryn Unaganuud FC were relegated.

The season started on 28 April 2018.
Spider-Man J
Spider-Man J (Japanese: スパイダーマンJ, Hepburn: Supaidāman J) is a manga by Yamanaka Akira, following the main character, known in all versions as Spider-Man J. It ran in the children's magazine, Comic BomBom, from November 9, 2004, to May 11, 2005. The manga is not connected to Ryoichi Ikegami's Spider-Man: The Manga and takes place in its independent continuity numbered as Earth-7041.

Children's anime and manga
Children's manga (Japanese: 子供向け漫画, Hepburn: kodomo-muke manga) and children's anime (子供向けアニメ, kodomo-muke anime) refer to manga and anime directed towards children. These series are usually moralistic, often educating children about staying in the right path in life. Each chapter is usually a self-contained story. An example of a notable children's anime is Doraemon.
Senebhenaf
Senebhenaf was an ancient Egyptian vizier during the Second Intermediate Period.

Senebhenaf is known from the coffin of his daughter, queen Mentuhotep; the inscriptions state that her father was Senebhenaf and her mother was Sobekhotep. Queen Mentuhotep was the wife of king Djehuti. The position of this king within the Second Intermediate Period is uncertain (he has been attributed to both the early 16th and the early 17th dynasties), so the position of Senebhenaf is also not yet fixed.

Some Egyptologists suggested that Senebhenaf was possibly one of the two namesake sons of the vizier Ibiaw who officiated under the 13th Dynasty pharaohs Wahibre Ibiaw and/or Merneferre Ay; if validated, this association could establish a significant temporal link between the Lower Egypt rulers of the mid-late 13th Dynasty and the Upper Egypt kingdom ruled by Djehuti. However, as pointed out by Wolfram Grajetzki, at the current state of knowledge such identification is purely conjectural.

Vizier (Ancient Egypt)
The vizier was the highest official in ancient Egypt to serve the pharaoh (king) during the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms. Vizier is the generally accepted rendering of ancient Egyptian tjati, tjaty etc., among Egyptologists. The Instruction of Rekhmire (Installation of the Vizier), a New Kingdom text, defines many of the duties of the tjaty, and lays down codes of behavior. The viziers were often appointed by the pharaoh. During the 4th Dynasty and early 5th Dynasty, viziers were exclusively drawn from the royal family; from the period around the reign of Neferirkare Kakai onwards, they were chosen according to loyalty and talent or inherited the position from their fathers.
Pete Ohs
Pete Ohs is an American filmmaker. He is known for writing & directing the feature films Jethica (2022) and Everything Beautiful Is Far Away (2017) as well as directing music videos for Best Coast, Wavves, Slow Club, and The Fiery Furnaces.

Filmmaker (magazine)
Filmmaker is a quarterly publication magazine covering issues relating to independent film. The magazine was founded in 1992 by Karol Martesko-Fenster, Scott Macaulay and Holly Willis. The magazine is now published by the IFP (Independent Filmmaker Project), which acts in the independent film community.
Church of Zion, Jerusalem
The Church of Zion, also known as the Church of the Apostles on Mount Zion, is a presumed Jewish-Christian congregation continuing at Mount Zion in Jerusalem in the 2nd-5th century, distinct from the main Gentile congregation which had its home at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.

There have been attempts at identifying the lower, possibly Roman-period layers of the building housing the so-called "Tomb of David" and the Cenacle, as the remains of the house of worship of this presumed Jewish-Christian congregation.

Mount Zion
Mount Zion (Hebrew: הַר צִיּוֹן, Har Ṣīyyōn; Arabic: جبل صهيون, Jabal Sahyoun) is a hill in Jerusalem, located just outside the walls of the Old City to the south. The term Mount Zion has been used in the Hebrew Bible first for the City of David (2 Samuel 5:7, 1 Chronicles 11:5; 1 Kings 8:1, 2 Chronicles 5:2) and later for the Temple Mount, but its meaning has shifted and it is now used as the name of ancient Jerusalem's Western Hill. In a wider sense, the term Zion is also used for the entire Land of Israel.
Cannonball Motorcycle Club
The Cannonball Motorcycle Club (CMC) is an outlaw motorcycle club in Finland and Estonia. Founded in Helsinki in 1991, the club has eleven chapters and a membership of over two-hundred. Cannonball MC is designated as an organized crime group by the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI).The club's name is derived from the Cannonball Run challenge.

Outlaw motorcycle club
An outlaw motorcycle club, known colloquially as a biker club or bikie club (in Australia), is a motorcycle subculture generally centered on the use of cruiser motorcycles, particularly Harley-Davidsons and choppers, and a set of ideals that purport to celebrate freedom, nonconformity to mainstream culture and loyalty to the biker group. The subculture emerged in the United States in the late 1940s and has since spread globally.

In the United States, such motorcycle clubs (MCs) are considered "outlaw" not necessarily because they engage in criminal activity but because they are not sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) and do not adhere to the AMA's rules. Instead, the clubs have bylaws reflecting the outlaw biker culture.

The U.S. Department of Justice defines "outlaw motorcycle gangs" (OMG) as "organizations whose members use their motorcycle clubs as conduits for criminal enterprises".
Aleksandrov–Rassias problem
The theory of isometries in the framework of Banach spaces has its beginning in a paper by Stanisław Mazur and Stanisław M. Ulam in 1932. They proved the Mazur–Ulam theorem stating that every isometry of a normed real linear space onto a normed real linear space is a linear mapping up to translation. In 1970, Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov asked whether the existence of a single distance that is preserved by a mapping implies that it is an isometry, as it does for Euclidean spaces by the Beckman–Quarles theorem. Themistocles M. Rassias posed the following problem:

Aleksandrov–Rassias Problem. If X and Y are normed linear spaces and if T : X → Y is a continuous and/or surjective mapping such that whenever vectors x and y in X satisfy , then  (the distance one preserving property or DOPP), is T then necessarily an isometry?

There have been several attempts in the mathematical literature by a number of researchers for the solution to this problem.

Isometry
In mathematics, an isometry (or congruence, or congruent transformation) is a distance-preserving transformation between metric spaces, usually assumed to be bijective. The word isometry is derived from the Ancient Greek: ἴσος isos meaning "equal", and μέτρον metron meaning "measure". If the transformation is from a metric space to itself, it is a kind of geometric transformation known as a motion.
Cayman Islands–India relations
Cayman Islands–India relations refers to the international relations that exist between the Cayman Islands and India. The foreign relations of the Cayman Islands are handled by the British Foreign Office. Therefore, India's foreign policy has focused on economic relations with the Cayman Islands, as well providing consular services to Indians and Caymanians. The High Commission of India in Kingston, Jamaica is concurrently accredited to the Cayman Islands.

Narayana Health
Narayana Health (formerly known as Narayana Hrudyalaya) is an Indian for-profit private hospital network headquartered in Bangalore. It was founded by Dr. Devi Shetty in the year 2000.

It operates several hospitals and heart centres across major Indian cities Bangalore, Delhi, Gurugram, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, Raipur, Jaipur, Mumbai, Mysore etc. with an international subsidiary in the Cayman Islands. The facilities offer medical care in over 30 medical specialties and three of its hospitals – Narayana Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Bangalore, and Health City Cayman Islands – are JCI (Joint Commission International) accredited.
United States men's national under-19 volleyball team
The United States men's national under-19 volleyball team represents the United States in international men's volleyball competitions and friendly matches under the age 19 and it is ruled by the USA Volleyball USAV body That is an affiliate of the International Volleyball Federation FIVB and also a part of the North, Central America and Caribbean Volleyball Confederation NORCECA.

USA Volleyball
USA Volleyball (USAV) is a non-profit organization which is recognized as the national governing body of volleyball in the United States by the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB) and the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC). It is headquartered in Colorado Springs, Colorado, and was founded by the YMCA of the USA. The organization is responsible for selecting and supporting US national teams that compete in FIVB-sanctioned international volleyball and beach volleyball competitions such as the Olympic Summer Games. USA Volleyball is also charged with fostering the development of the sport of volleyball within the United States through involvement with its forty Regional Volleyball Associations (RVAs).

USA Volleyball was previously known as United States Volleyball Association (USVBA).