hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ibex Force
The Ibex Force was a specialized military unit that played a crucial role in the defense and strategic operations of Gilgit-Baltistan during the First Kashmir War (1947–1948). Formed as an auxiliary force within the Gilgit Scouts in 1948, the Ibex Force was instrumental in securing key territories and engaging in tactical missions against J&K and Indian forces in the region. The unit was disbanded in 1948 after the successful military operations.

1947 Gilgit rebellion
In November 1947, the paramilitary force of Gilgit Scouts stationed at Gilgit rebelled against the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, soon after it acceded to the Indian Union. Under the command of a British officer Major William Brown, they executed a coup d'etat, overthrew the governor Ghansara Singh, and imprisoned him. The Muslim troops of Jammu and Kashmir State Forces stationed at Bunji joined in the rebellion, under the command of Captain Mirza Hassan Khan, imprisoned their own commander Colonel Abdul Majid and eliminated the non-Muslim troops. A provisional government was declared under a local chief Shah Rais Khan, which lasted for about two weeks. On 16 November, a Pakistani political agent Khan Mohammad Alam Khan arrived and took over the administration.
Kamov Ka-27
The Kamov Ka-27 (NATO reporting name 'Helix') is a military helicopter developed for the Soviet Navy, and as of 2024 is in service in various countries including Russia, Ukraine, Vietnam, China, South Korea, and India. Variants include the Ka-29 assault transport, the Ka-28 downgraded export version, and the Ka-32 for civilian use.

Magnetic anomaly detector
A magnetic anomaly detector (MAD) is an instrument used to detect minute variations in the Earth's magnetic field. The term typically refers to magnetometers used by military forces to detect submarines (a mass of ferromagnetic material creates a detectable disturbance in the magnetic field). Military MAD equipment is a descendant of geomagnetic survey or aeromagnetic survey instruments used to search for minerals by detecting their disturbance of the normal earth-field.
Woodford Bottom and Lamb's Pool
Woodford Bottom and Lamb's Pool is a  3-hectare (7.4-acre) nature reserve south of Sibford Ferris in Oxfordshire. It is managed by the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust.

This site has an artificial pool, marshes and grassland. Pipistrelle, Daubenton's and noctule bats hunt over the lake and an island in the middle is used by breeding birds such as coots and tufted ducks. There is Reed sweet-grass and common reedmace in the marsh.

Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust
The Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust (BBOWT) is a Wildlife Trust covering the counties of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire in England.

The trust was formerly called the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Naturalists' Trust (BBONT).
Bid'ah
In Islam and sharia (Islamic law), bidʿah (Arabic: بدعة [ˈbɪdʕæ], lit. 'innovation') refers to innovation in religious matters. The category is further divided into bid'ah al-ibadat and bi'da al-mu'amalat. The first category refers to innovations in sacred matters, such as worship, and are generally forbidden as it violates the textual source of the Quran and the Sunnah. The second refers to innovations in the mundane realm and is often permissible, as long as it does not violate the Sharia.

Linguistically, as an Arabic word, the term can be defined more broadly, as "innovation, novelty, heretical doctrine, heresy". In classical Arabic literature outside of religion, bidʻah has been used as a form of praise for outstanding compositions of prose and poetry. The alternative positive concept for bidah is maslaha.

Al-Shafi'i
Al-Shafi'i (Arabic: الشَّافِعِيّ, romanized: al-Shāfiʿī; IPA: [a(l) ʃaːfiʕiː] ⓘ;767–820 CE) was a Muslim scholar, jurist, muhaddith, traditionist, theologian, ascetic, and eponym of the Shafi'i school of Sunni Islamic jurisprudence. He is known to be the first to write a book upon the  principles of Islamic jurisprudence, having authored one of the earliest work on the subject: al-Risala. His legacy and teaching on the matter provided it with a systematic form, thereby "fundamentally influencing the succeeding generations which are under his direct and obvious impact,": 270  and "beginning a new phase of the development of legal theory.": 239–273

Born in Gaza, Palestine, to the Banu Muttalib clan of the Quraysh tribe, he relocated at the age of two and was raised in Mecca. He later resided in Medina, Yemen, Baghdad in Iraq, and Egypt, and also served as a judge for some time in Najran.
Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation
Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation (RSRTC) is a public transport company which provides bus services in the Indian state Rajasthan. It is headquartered in Jaipur, Rajasthan. The corporation was established by Government of Rajasthan on 1 October 1964 under the Road Transport Act 1950. RSRTC operates ordinary, express and deluxe services.

Alwar
Alwar (Rajasthani Pronunciation: [əlʋəɾ]) is a city in Rajasthan and the administrative headquarters of Alwar District in the state of Rajasthan. It is located 150 km south of Delhi and 150 km north of Jaipur.
Electoral district of Northern Tablelands
Northern Tablelands is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is currently held by Brendan Moylan of the National Party. The electorate currently includes Uralla Shire, Armidale Regional Council, Glen Innes Severn, Inverell Shire, Gwydir Shire and Moree Plains Shire.

Uralla Shire
Uralla Shire is a local government area located in the New England region of New South Wales, Australia. The New England Highway passes through the Shire.

The Shire was established on 1 January 1948 as a result of the amalgamation of the Municipality of Uralla with the surrounding Gostwyck Shire.
The mayor of Uralla Shire Council is Cr. Robert Bell.
2022–23 FA Women's National League Plate
The 2022–23 FA Women's National League Plate was the eighth season of the competition, open to those eliminated in the determining round of the WNL Cup.

Reigning champions Nottingham Forest won their determining round match this season, meaning that they did not defend their title. Leeds United beat Stourbridge 3–1 in the final to claim their first title.

FA Women's National League Plate
The FA Women's National League Plate is an association football tournament organised by the FA Women's National League (WNL). It is the WNL's second league cup competition, played alongside the National League Cup, and is a single-elimination knock-out tournament.
Hadada ibis
The hadada ibis (Bostrychia hagedash) or hadeda (/ˈhɑːdiːdɑː/) is an ibis native to Sub-Saharan Africa. It is named for its loud three to four note calls uttered in flight especially in the mornings and evenings when they fly out or return to their roost trees. Although not as dependent on water as some ibises, they are found near wetlands and often live in close proximity to humans, foraging in cultivated land and gardens. A medium-sized ibis with stout legs and a typical down-curved bill, the wing coverts are iridescent with a green or purple sheen. They are non-migratory but are known to make nomadic movements in response to rain particularly during droughts. Their ranges in southern Africa have increased with an increase in tree cover and irrigation in human-altered habitats.

Onomatopoeia
Onomatopoeia is a type of word, or the process of creating a word, that phonetically imitates, resembles, or suggests a sound that it refers to. Common onomatopoeias in English include animal noises such as oink, meow, roar, and chirp, among various other noise-based verbs and nouns such as beep, simmer, or hiccup. Among the many words that likely began as onomatopoeias but whose original expressive iconicity goes unrecognized by modern speakers, examples include fanfare, pigeon, and cough.

Onomatopoeia tends to differ by language: it conforms to the broader linguistic system (conforming to its particular phonetic rules. Hence, the sound of a clock may be expressed variously across languages: as tick tock in English, tic tac in Spanish and Italian (see photo),  dī dā in Mandarin, kachi kachi in Japanese, or ṭik-ṭik in Hindi, Urdu, and Bengali.
Surinam (Dutch colony)
Surinam (Dutch: Suriname), also unofficially known as Dutch Guiana, was a Dutch plantation colony in the Guianas and the predecessor polity of the modern country of Suriname. It  was bordered by the fellow Dutch colony of Berbice to the west, and the French colony of Cayenne to the east. It later bordered British Guiana (modern-day Guyana) from 1831 to 1966.

Essequibo (colony)
Essequibo (/ˌɛsəˈkwiːboʊ/ ESS-ə-KWEE-boh; Dutch: Kolonie Essequebo [koːˈloːni ɛsəˈkʋeːboː]) was a Dutch colony in the Guianas and later a county on the Essequibo River in the Guiana region on the north coast of South America. It was a colony of the Dutch West India Company between 1616 and 1792 and a colony of the Dutch state from 1792 until 1815. It was merged with Demerara in 1812 by the British who took control. It formally became a British colony in 1815 until Demerara-Essequibo was merged with Berbice to form the colony of British Guiana in 1831. In 1838, it became a county of British Guiana till 1958. In 1966, British Guiana gained independence as Guyana and in 1970 it became a republic as the Co-operative Republic of Guyana. It was located around the lower course of the Essequibo River.
Edict on the Transfer of the Capital
Edict on the Transfer of the Capital (chữ Hán: 遷都詔, chữ Nôm: 詔移都, Vietnamese: Thiên đô chiếu, Chiếu dời đô) is an edict written at the behest of emperor Lý Thái Tổ and issued in the fall of 1010 to transfer the capital of Đại Cồ Việt from Hoa Lư to Đại La.

Anterior Lê dynasty
The Anterior Lê dynasty, alternatively known as the Former Lê dynasty (Vietnamese: nhà Tiền Lê; chữ Nôm: 茹前黎; pronounced [ɲâː tjə̂n le]) in historiography, was a dynasty of Vietnam that ruled  Đại Cồ Việt (chữ Hán: 大瞿越) from 980 to 1009. It followed the Đinh dynasty and was succeeded by the Lý dynasty. It comprised the reigns of three emperors.
Stačilo!
Stačilo! ([ˈstatʃɪlo], lit. 'Enough!') is a political party in the Czech Republic. It was first announced as an electoral alliance on 4 December 2023 by Kateřina Konečná, leader of the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM). The alliance consisted of KSČM, United Democrats – Association of Independents, the Czech National Social Party and independent individuals. On 10 October 2024, it transformed into a political party, founded by Daniel Sterzik, who was elected as the party chairman in March 2025.

2024 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic
Elections were held in the Czech Republic from 7 to 8 June 2024 to elect 21 Czech representatives for the European Parliament, alongside the EU-wide 2024 European Parliament election. This was the fifth parliamentary election since the Czech Republic's EU accession in 2004, and the first to take place after Brexit.
Masaya Matsukaze
Masaya Matsukaze (松風 雅也, Matsukaze Masaya; born Masaya Watanabe (渡邉 政也, Watanabe Masaya), September 9, 1976) is a Japanese actor, voice actor and radio personality. He was formerly affiliated with Big Apple, Radix Mobanimation Multicye Division and Varoque Works, and is currently affiliated with Aoni Production. He was born in Fukushima Prefecture and is now living in Tokyo. He is best known for playing MegaBlue/Shun Namiki in Denji Sentai Megaranger and Ryo Hazuki in the Shenmue series.

Durarara!!
Durarara!! (デュラララ!!), shortened to DRRR!! in some official materials, is a Japanese light novel series written by Ryohgo Narita, with illustrations by Suzuhito Yasuda. Durarara!! tells the story of a dullahan working as an underworld courier in Ikebukuro, an internet-based anonymous gang called the Dollars, and the chaos that unfolds around the most dangerous people in Ikebukuro. The series ran for thirteen volumes, published by ASCII Media Works under their Dengeki Bunko imprint. A sequel series, titled Durarara!! SH set two years after the events of the original series, started in 2014.

A manga adaptation of the same name, first illustrated by Akiyo Satorigi and later by Aogiri, has been serialized in Square Enix's shōnen manga magazine Monthly GFantasy since July 2009. A 24-episode anime television series adaptation was broadcast from January to June 2010. It was followed by a 36-episode second season, titled Durarara!!×2, broadcast from January 2015 to March 2016.
Weald Moors
The Weald Moors are located in the ceremonial county of Shropshire north of Telford, stretching from north and west of the town of Newport towards Wellington, with the village of Kynnersley lying roughly at their centre.

Newport, Shropshire
Newport is a market town and civil parish in the borough of Telford and Wrekin in Shropshire, England. It lies 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Telford, 12 miles (19 km) west of Stafford, and is near the Shropshire-Staffordshire border. The 2001 census recorded 10,814 people living in the parish, which rose to 11,387 by the 2011 census.
1882–83 New Zealand cricket season
During the 1882–83 New Zealand cricket season, the first class cricket consisted of six matches: an Auckland team went on a tour in December including three games, two in the South Island and in Wellington on the southern tip of the North Island, and three further local clashes.

Canterbury won both their matches in this season, but by close margins (27 runs over Auckland and four runs over Otago). Auckland also had a good record, with three wins and a loss after a first-innings lead to Canterbury, while Wellington won the annual clash with Nelson to end with a 1–1 record.

Matches in Canterbury and Auckland were played with four-ball overs, the remainder with five-ball overs.

Canterbury cricket team
Canterbury is a first-class cricket team based in Canterbury, New Zealand. It is one of six teams that compete in senior New Zealand Cricket competitions and has been the second most successful domestic team in New Zealand history. They compete in the Plunket Shield first-class competition and The Ford Trophy one day competition as well as in the Men's Super Smash competition as the Canterbury Kings.
Malavalli Assembly constituency
Malavalli Assembly constituency is one of the 224 constituencies in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly of Karnataka, a southern state of India. It is also part of Mandya Lok Sabha constituency.

P. M. Narendraswamy is the current MLA from this constituency.

Mandya Lok Sabha constituency
Mandya Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 28 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Karnataka state in southern India.

This constituency covers the entirety of Mandya district ( ಮಂಡ್ಯ ) and part of Mysore district.
BB Microlight
BB Microlight is a Hungarian aircraft manufacturer based in Baja, Hungary. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of ultralight trikes and wings for trikes.

The company's aircraft have won many championships including the European Champion, Britain, 1994; the World Champion, South Africa, 1996; the First World Air Games Champion, Turkey, 1997; World Cup Championships, Hungary, 1998; 
World Champion, Hungary 1999; World Champion Team, Hungary 1999; as well as seven other medals earned at International Championships.

BB Microlight works closely with their US distributor, Manta Aircraft, to develop products. In the US their carriages are usually fitted with Manta RST wings in place of the BB supplied wings used in European sales. BB Microlight builds the BB-01 Bence, BB-02 Serpa and the BB-03 Trya trike wings.

Much of the company design work is done in consultation with Hungarian competition pilots with the aim of producing competition aircraft.

Ultralight trike
An ultralight trike or paratrike is a type of powered hang glider where flight control is by weight-shift. These aircraft have a fabric flex-wing from which is suspended a tricycle fuselage pod driven by a pusher propeller. The pod accommodates either a solo pilot, or a pilot and a single passenger. Trikes grant affordable, accessible, and exciting flying, and have been popular since the 1980s.

Trikes are classified as microlights in Europe, and as light-sport aircraft in the United States.  The aircraft are also known by other names, including 2-axis microlights, flex-wing trikes,  microlight trikes, deltatrikes or motorized deltaplanes.  In the United States, they are formally recognized by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) as weight-shift-control aircraft.
Pottsburg Creek
The Pottsburg Creek is an urban creek in Jacksonville, Florida. Its beginning is near a retention pond behind the old studios of WJXX. It outputs into the Arlington River (north of Atlantic Boulevard and west of Arlington Road) which in turn empties into the St. Johns River. The creek primarily flows through the heart of Jacksonville's Southside, and through southern parts of the Arlington neighborhood.

Arlington (Jacksonville)
Arlington is a large region of Jacksonville, Florida, and is generally understood as a counterpart to the city's other large regions, the Urban Core, Northside, Southside, Westside, and the Beaches. It borders the Southside area at its southern end, and has several bridge connections to nearby beaches, the Northside and Downtown. The expansive neighborhood was incorporated into the city in 1968 as a result the Jacksonville Consolidation, a city-county consolidation of the governments of the City of Jacksonville and Duval County.  Arlington is known for its mid-century modern architecture, and contains several architecturally significant homes designed by local architects Robert C. Broward, Taylor Hardwick, and William Morgan.
Vølstad Church
Vølstad Church (Norwegian: Vølstad kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Nordre Land Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Vølstad. It is one of the churches for the Østsinni parish which is part of the Hadeland og Land prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The brown, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1959 using plans drawn up by the architect Per Nordan. The church seats about 140 people.

Nordre Land Municipality
Nordre Land is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Land. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Dokka. Other villages in the municipality include Vest-Torpa, Nord-Torpa, Aust-Torpa, Fagerlund, and Nordsinni.

The 955.32-square-kilometre (368.85 sq mi) municipality is the 122nd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Nordre Land Municipality is the 151st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,544. The municipality's population density is 6.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (18/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 2.8% over the previous 10-year period.
Richard Maibaum
Richard Maibaum (May 26, 1909 – January 4, 1991) was an American screenwriter, film producer, and playwright, best known for his work on the James Bond films. He wrote 13 of the 16 Eon Productions Bond films produced between 1962 and 1989, beginning with Dr. No and ending with Licence to Kill.

Eon Productions
Eon Productions Limited is a British film production company that primarily produced the James Bond film series. The company is based in London's Piccadilly and also operates from Pinewood Studios in the UK.
Chaa Creek
Chaa Creek is a tributary of the Macal River in the Cayo District in western Belize.  One of the official gauging stations of the Macal is located near the confluence with Chaa Creek.

There are Maya ruins that remain largely unexcavated in the Chaa Creek catchment basin; certain early research was conducted on the archaeology at Chaa Creek in 1997 by Harvard University. Significant pottery finds and other artifacts have been recovered at the Chaa Creek site, which is posited to be a satellite site of Xunantunich.

The Chaa Creek Nature Reserve is a noted area for birdwatching. Over 300 species of birds have been sighted there.

The underlying geology of this watershed can be characterised as limestone associations of foothills of the Maya Mountains.

Cayo District
Cayo is a district located in the west part of Belize, and it contains the capital, Belmopan. It is the most extensive, second-most populous and third-most densely populated of the six districts of Belize. The district's capital is the town of San Ignacio.
Sagsai culture
The Sagsai culture (1500-1000 BCE) is an early Bronze Age culture of Western Mongolia. It was centered on the Sagsai area (the westernmost region of modern Mongolia) and succeeded the Chemurchek culture.

The Sagsai culture had a pastoral lifestyle, raising sheep, cattle and horses. The oldest Sagsai sites are located in the Altai region, from where the Sagsai culture later expanded into western Mongolia.

The Sagsai culture is thought to have used horse chariots, prior to 1200 BCE, as shown by dated petroglyphs in the region. It was followed by the Deer stones culture.

At the same time the Ulaanzuukh-Tevsh culture was prospering in the steppes of southern and eastern Mongolia in the 13th century BCE, and seems to have transmitted the horsedrawn chariot to the Chinese Shang dynasty.

Ulaanzuukh culture
The Ulaanzuukh culture, also Ulaanzuukh-Tevsh culture (Ch:乌兰朱和文化, c. 1450–1000 BCE), is an archaeological culture of the Late Bronze Age eastern Mongolia. It likely preceded and was the origin of the Slab-grave culture.
Foreign direct investment in Iran
Foreign direct investment in Iran (FDI) has been hindered by unfavorable or complex operating requirements and by international sanctions, although in the early 2000s the Iranian government liberalized investment regulations. Iran ranks 62nd in the World Economic Forum's 2011 analysis of the global competitiveness of 142 countries. In 2010, Iran ranked sixth globally in attracting foreign investments.

Foreign investors have concentrated their activity in a few sectors of the economy: the oil and gas industries, vehicle manufacture, copper mining, petrochemicals, foods, and pharmaceuticals. Iran absorbed US$24.3 billion of foreign investment from 1993 to 2007 and US$34.6 billion for 485 projects from 1992 to 2009.

Opening Iran's market place to foreign investment could also be a boon to competitive multinational firms operating in a variety of manufacturing and service sectors, worth $600 billion to $800 billion in new investment opportunities over the next decade.

Constitution of Iran
The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran is the supreme law of Iran. It was adopted by referendum on 2 and 3 December 1979, and went into force replacing the Constitution of 1906. It has been amended once, on 28 July 1989. The constitution was originally made up of 175 articles in 12 chapters, but amended in 1989 to 177 articles in 14 chapters.

It has been called a hybrid regime of theocratic and democratic elements. Articles One and Two vest sovereignty in God, and Article Six "mandates popular elections for the presidency and the Majlis, or parliament." Main democratic procedures and rights are subordinate to the Guardian Council and the Supreme Leader, whose powers are spelled out in Chapter Eight (Articles 107–112).