hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sleitu-Björn Hróarsson
Sleitu-Björn Hróarsson (born c. 890 - date of death unknown) was a viking chief and the first to found a settlement in Skagafjörður, Iceland in the ninth century. It was one of the largest settlements of this period, spanning from the Gljúfurá river (Grjótá in the Landnámabók) through half of Viðvíkursveit, Hjaltadalur, Kolbeinsdalur, and Óslandshlíð, and part of Höfðaströnd and Deildardalur. Later on, three more settlers joined him: Öndóttur, Kolbeinn Sigmundarson, and Hjalti Þórðarson. Sleitu-Björn divided part of the settlement and his estate was founded in Sleitustaðir.

There is a historical controversy in which various researchers believe that Sleitu-Björn is the same person as Sléttu-Björn, a colonist who settled in Saurbær, Dalasýsla who abandoned his settlement in Skagafjörður to relocate to the west. However, others maintain, either based on his list of descendants and the sagas, that these are two different people. Sléttu-Björn also appears in the Gull-Þóris saga.

Viðvíkursveit
Viðvíkursveit is a district in Skagafjörður, Iceland east of the Héraðsvötn, on the border of Akrahreppur along the Kyrfisá river to Kolka and on the east side towards the mouth of Hjaltadalur valley. It comprises the same area as Viðvíkurhreppur did before the creation of Skagafjörður County. The part of the region south of Gljúfurá river is called Hofstaðapláss and is often not considered to be a part of Viðvíkursveit. Viðvíkurfjall waterfall overlooks the eastern portion of the area, and to the west is the Héraðsvötn, followed by Lónssandur beach on the outside of Austurós estuary.
Gilund
Gilund is a village and an archaeological site located in Rajsamand district of Rajasthan state in western India.  It is one of five ancient sites excavated in the Ahar-Banas Complex which also includes the sites of Ahar, Ojiyana, Marmi, and Balathal. Out of the 111 reported sites found in the Ahar-Banas Complex, Gilund is the largest. The archaeological site was named after the present-day village, Gilund, and is locally known as Modiya Magari which means "bald habitation mound".

Ojhiyana archaeological site
The Ojhiyana archaeological site in Bhilwara  वर्तमान नए जिले के अनुसार ब्याबर district, previously excavated in 1999-2000, revealed remains of Chalcolithic cultures. The 2000-01 excavation yielded white painted black and red wares, terracotta bulls, cow figurines, copper tools, and various beads, dating from the 3rd to 2nd millennium B.C.
History of variational principles in physics
In physics, a variational principle is an alternative method for determining the state or dynamics of a physical system, by identifying it as an extremum (minimum, maximum or saddle point) of a function or functional. Variational methods are exploited in many modern software applications to simulate matter and light.

Since the development of analytical mechanics in the 18th century, the fundamental equations of physics have usually been established in terms of action principles, where the variational principle is applied to the action of a system in order to recover the fundamental equation of motion.

This article describes the historical development of such action principles and other variational methods applied in physics. See History of physics for an overview and Outline of the history of physics for related histories.

Variational principle
A variational principle is a mathematical procedure that renders a physical problem solvable by the calculus of variations, which concerns finding functions that optimize the values of quantities that depend on those functions. For example, the problem of determining the shape of a hanging chain suspended at both ends—a catenary—can be solved using variational calculus, and in this case, the variational principle is the following: The solution is a function that minimizes the gravitational potential energy of the chain.
Luyuan Subdistrict
Luyuan Subdistrict (Chinese: 潞源街道; pinyin: Lùyuán Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in northern Tongzhou District, Beijing. It borders Lucheng Town in its north and east, Yongshun Town in its south, and Tongyun Subdistrict in its west. As of 2020, it had 8,472 people residing inside its borders.

The subdistrict was created from a portion of Lucheng Town in 2018.

Tongzhou, Beijing
Tongzhou (Chinese: 通州; pinyin: Tōngzhōu), historically romanized as Tong-Choo-Foo in 18th-century British accounts,
is a district of Beijing. It is located in southeast Beijing and considered the eastern gateway to the nation's capital. Downtown Tongzhou itself lies around 20 km (12 mi) east of central Beijing, at the northern end of the Grand Canal (on the junction between the Tonghui Canal and the Northern Canal) and at the easternmost end of Chang'an Avenue. The entire district covers an area of 906 km2 (350 sq mi), or 6% of Beijing's total area. It had a population of 673,952 at the 2000 Census, and has seen significant growth and development since then, growing to a population of 1,184,000 at the 2010 Census and 1,840,295 at the 2020 census. The district is subdivided into four subdistricts, ten towns, and one ethnic township.
Evergreen International Aviation
Evergreen International Aviation, Inc. was a global aviation services company based in McMinnville, Oregon, United States. Founded in 1960, Evergreen was primarily known publicly for commercial helicopter operations in agricultural and forestry applications.

The airline division, Evergreen International Airlines, operated worldwide, in 168 countries, and by the end had been reduced to a fleet of all-cargo Boeing 747 freighters. The company also operated a helicopter division, Evergreen Helicopters which was sold to Erickson Air-Crane, an Oregon-based helicopter operator, for $250 million in 2013.  Faced with bankruptcy and tax investigations, Evergreen ceased all aviation-related operations in 2013 and shut down in 2014.

McMinnville, Oregon
McMinnville is the county seat of and the most populous city in Yamhill County, Oregon, United States, at the base of the Oregon Coast Range. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 34,319.

McMinnville is located in the Willamette Valley at the confluence of the North and South forks of the Yamhill River. The city's economy has both industry and service businesses as well as the Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum, home of Howard Hughes's famed Spruce Goose flying boat. Linfield University provides higher education.

McMinnville is a center of the well-developed Oregon wine industry in the Willamette Valley, which has hundreds of wineries and vineyards.
Leonard Irvine
Colonel Leonard George Irvine (11 January 1906 – 27 April 1973) was a British Army doctor who served in the Royal Army Medical Corps before, during and after World War II. As a young man he played first-class cricket for Cambridge University.

Irvine was born at Bombay in British India in 1906. He was educated at Taunton School and at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge.

Taunton School
Taunton School is a public school, now co-educational, in the county town of Taunton in Somerset in South West England. It serves boarding and day-school pupils from the ages of 13 to 18.

The current headmaster is James Johnson, appointed in the autumn of 2022.

The school campus also includes Taunton School International for overseas students; Taunton Preparatory School, serving boarding and day-school pupils aged 7 to 13; Taunton Pre-Prep School, serving day-school pupils aged 4 to 7, and Taunton Nursery, serving pupils aged 0 to 4.
1994–95 British Basketball League season
The 1994–95 BBL season was known as the Budweiser League for sponsorship reasons. The season featured a total of 13 teams, playing 36 games each. A major change saw the Guildford Kings franchise fold due to the club being unable to negotiate a viable contract with the owners of the Guildford Spectrum. The league sold Kings' licence to a group headed by Robert Earl, Ed Simons and Harvey Goldsmith, who established the Leopards. Oldham Celtics dropped down a division to National League Division One.

Newcomers Sheffield Sharks formerly Sheffield Forgers won the regular season and claimed the title in their rookie season in addition to becoming National Cup champions. Seventh-seed Worthing Bears caused a huge upset in the post-season Play-off to take the Championship crown with a memorable victory over Manchester Giants in the final. The Thames Valley Tigers secured the BBL Trophy.

Manchester Giants (1975–2001)
Manchester Giants was a professional basketball team based in Manchester, England. During its existence, the team won the Trophy in 1999 and the BBL Championship in 2000. The tenure of American coach Nick Nurse, which included those two seasons, was the most successful period in the club's history. The franchise folded 9 games into the 2001–02 season.

A revival effort headed by former player and coach Jeff Jones to return the Giants name to the British Basketball League was put together in 2011. The bid was formally accepted on 19 June 2012, marking a return of the Giants and Manchester-based professional basketball for the first time in 11 years. The newly re-created Manchester Giants started playing in the 2012–13 season.
Flurbiprofen
Flurbiprofen is a member of the phenylalkanoic acid derivative family of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It is primarily indicated as a pre-operative anti-miotic (in an ophthalmic solution) as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain. Side effects are analogous to those of ibuprofen.

It was derived from propionic acid by the research arm of Boots UK during the 1960s, a period which also included the discovery of ibuprofen, indometacin, diclofenac, naproxen, ketoprofen, and sulindac.: 34

It was patented in 1964 by Boots UK and approved for medical use in 1987. It was approved in the US in 1988; the first generic was approved in 1994.: 158

Indometacin
Indometacin, also known as indomethacin, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used as a prescription medication to reduce fever, pain, stiffness, and swelling from inflammation. It works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, endogenous signaling molecules known to cause these symptoms. It does this by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, an enzyme that catalyzes the production of prostaglandins.

It was patented in 1961 and approved for medical use in 1963. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In 2023, it was the 287th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 500,000 prescriptions.
Miyazato
Miyazato (Japanese: 宮里) is a Ryukyuan surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ai Miyazato (born 1985), Japanese golfer

Eiichi Miyazato (1922–1999), Japanese karate coach and judoka

Kiyoshi Miyazato (born 1977), Japanese golfer

Mika Miyazato (born 1989), Japanese golfer

Yūsaku Miyazato (born 1980), Japanese golfer

Okinawan name
Okinawan names (Okinawan: 名/なー, nā) today have only two components, the family names (surnames or last names) first and the given names last. Okinawan family names represent the distinct historical and cultural background of the islands which now comprise Okinawa Prefecture in Japan. Expatriates originally from Okinawa also have these names.
1994 Canadian Open – Women's doubles
Larisa Neiland and Jana Novotná were the defending champions, but Novotná opted to rest after competing consecutively in the previous two weeks, winning the title at San Diego and finishing as runner-up at Manhattan Beach. Neiland teamed up with Gabriela Sabatini and lost in the semifinals to Pam Shriver and Elizabeth Smylie.

Meredith McGrath and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario won the title by defeating Shriver and Smylie 2–6, 6–2, 6–4 in the final.

1994 Virginia Slims of Los Angeles – Doubles
Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and Helena Suková were the defending champions, but none competed this year.

Julie Halard and Nathalie Tauziat won the title by defeating Jana Novotná and Lisa Raymond 6–1, 0–6, 6–1 in the final.
Digital Keystone
Digital Keystone, Inc. is a video technology company, based in Cupertino, California, that develops digital entertainment technologies that bridge Pay TV with the new digital home. DK solutions include security and navigation software. Digital Keystone also develops industry-standard validation tools for development, certification, and manufacturing. DK technologies enable content access throughout the entire home, offering security, interactive services, and device connectivity.

NCTA (association)
NCTA – The Internet & Television Association since 2016, formerly known as the National Cable & Telecommunications Association (NCTA), is a trade association representing the broadband and cable television industries in the United States. As of 2011, NCTA represented more than 90% of the U.S. cable market, over 200 cable networks, and various equipment suppliers and service providers to the cable industry.

NCTA is considered one of the most prominent lobbying organizations in the United States, having $14 million to lobbying efforts in 2021. Regarding policy matters, NCTA has expressed opposition to net neutrality and municipal broadband proposals. Currently the association is led by former Colorado Senator and Congressman Cory Gardner, appointed as President & CEO in September 2025. Previously, the association was led by Michael Powell, a former Republican member of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).
2017 Masters (darts)
The 2017 PDC Masters (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2017 Unibet Masters) was the fifth staging of the non-ranking Masters darts tournament, held by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). It was held from 27 to 29 January 2017 at the Arena MK in Milton Keynes, England.

Michael van Gerwen was the defending champion by beating Dave Chisnall 11–6 in 2016, and successfully defended his title, winning his third Masters title in a row, after defeating Gary Anderson 11–7 in the final.

PDC World Masters
The PDC World Masters, known for sponsorship purposes as the Winmau World Masters and formerly known as simply the Masters, is a professional darts tournament organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). The tournament was introduced in 2013 and has been held at Arena MK in Milton Keynes, England, since 2015. Since the 2025 edition, the tournament has featured the top 24 darts players according to the PDC Order of Merit, plus eight qualifiers from a preliminary round to complete a 32-player field.
Wojciechowice Małe
Wojciechowice Małe (Polish pronunciation: [vɔjt͡ɕɛxɔˈvit͡sɛ ˈmawɛ]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzyżanów, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) west of Krzyżanów, 7 km (4 mi) south-east of Kutno, and 45 km (28 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Krzyżanów, Kutno County
Krzyżanów ([kʂɨˈʐanuf]) is a village in Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Krzyżanów. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-east of Kutno and 45 km (28 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.
Dorsal nexus
The dorsal nexus is an area within the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex that serves as an intersection point for multiple brain networks. Research suggests it plays a role in the maintenance and manipulation of information, as well as supporting the control of cognitive functions such as behavior, memory, and conflict resolution. Abnormally increased connectivity between these networks through the dorsal nexus has been associated with certain types of depression. The activity generated by this abnormally high level of connectivity during a depressive state can be identified through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET).

Neural network
A neural network is a group of interconnected units called neurons that send signals to one another. Neurons can be either biological cells or mathematical models. While individual neurons are simple, many of them together in a network can perform complex tasks. There are two main types of neural networks.

In neuroscience, a biological neural network is a physical structure found in brains and complex nervous systems – a population of nerve cells connected by synapses.

In machine learning, an artificial neural network is a mathematical model used to approximate nonlinear functions. Artificial neural networks are used to solve artificial intelligence problems.
Franklin (minor league baseball)
The Franklin team was a minor league baseball team based in Franklin, New Hampshire. In 1907, the Franklin team played briefly as a member of the Class D level New Hampshire State League and was without a known moniker, common in the era.

Franklin, New Hampshire
Franklin is a city in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 8,741, the lowest figure of New Hampshire's 13 cities. Franklin includes the village of West Franklin.
1 Samuel 10
1 Samuel 10 is the tenth chapter of the First Book of Samuel in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or the first part of the Books of Samuel in the Hebrew Bible. According to Jewish tradition  the book was attributed to the prophet Samuel, with additions by the prophets Gad and Nathan, but modern scholars view it as a composition of a number of independent texts of various ages from c. 630–540 BCE. This chapter describes the anointing of Saul as the first king of Israel, within a section comprising 1 Samuel 7–15 which records the rise of the monarchy in Israel and the account of the first years of King Saul.

Samuel
Samuel is a figure who, in the narratives of the Hebrew Bible, plays a key role in the transition from the biblical judges to the United Kingdom of Israel under Saul, and again in the monarchy's transition from Saul to David. He is venerated as a prophet in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In addition to his role in the Jewish Bible/Old Testament, Samuel is mentioned in Jewish rabbinical literature, in the Christian New Testament, and in the second chapter of the Quran (although the text does not mention him by name). He is also treated in the fifth through seventh books of Antiquities of the Jews, written by the Jewish scholar Josephus in the first century. He is first called "the Seer" in 1 Samuel 9:9.
Balhae controversies
The Balhae controversies involve disputes between China, Korea, Japan, and Russia, countries that have conducted studies on the historical state of Balhae (Bohai, Po-hai, Parhae). The Korean perspective generally considers Balhae to be the successor state of Goguryeo and part of the Northern and Southern States period of Korean history, while Chinese scholars generally consider Balhae to be a state of the Mohe people, a Tungusic ethnic group, and subordinate to the Tang dynasty (618––907). In Russian historiography, Balhae is recognized as the first highly organized independent state formation of the Tungus-Manchurian peoples.

Unified Silla
Unified Silla, or Late Silla, is the name often applied to the historical period of the Korean kingdom of Silla after its conquest of Goguryeo in 668 AD, which marked the end of the Three Kingdoms period. In the 7th century, a Silla–Tang alliance conquered Baekje in the Baekje–Tang War. Following the Goguryeo–Tang War and Silla–Tang War in the 7th century, Silla annexed the southern part of Goguryeo, unifying the central and southern regions of the Korean peninsula.

Unified Silla existed during the Northern and Southern States period at a time when Balhae controlled the north of the peninsula. Unified Silla lasted for 267 years until it fell to Goryeo in 935 during the reign of King Gyeongsun.
2014 Slovak Super Cup
The 2014 Slovak Super Cup was a football match played by the 2013–14 Slovak First Football League champions ŠK Slovan Bratislava and the 2013–14 Slovak Cup winners MFK Košice on July 5, 2014. The match was played in Štadión Pasienky, Slovakia, and was won by Slovan Bratislava 1–0 to earn their fourth Super Cup.

The match was attended by 550 viewers. Referee was Mário Vlk, who was assisted by Dušan Hrčka and Branislav Hancko.

Slovak Super Cup
The Slovak Super Cup (Slovenský Superpohár in Slovak), in the past named as Matičný pohár or Pribinov pohár, was a match between the champion of the Slovak First Football League and winner of the Slovak Cup. The match was played annually besides years when a club clinched the double.

The first match in 1993 was played between Slovan Bratislava and the Slovakia national football team. The 2014 edition of the cup, which ended up being the last, was attended by just 550 people. The Slovak Supercup was discontinued in 2016 and replaced by the Czech-Slovak Supercup from 2017 onward.
Stoccareddo
Stoccareddo is a village in the comune of Gallio, Province of Vicenza, Italy. It is known for its 400 villagers (380 of them with the surname Baù) with great health who tend to be able to consume fatty foods without the consequences of strokes and heart attacks. Informally, Stoccareddo is known as "Il paese dei Baù", meaning "The Country of the Baù".

Gallio, Veneto
Gallio   (Cimbrian: Ghèl)  is a town in the province of Vicenza, Veneto, Italy. It is on SP76.  As of 2007 Gallio had an estimated population of 2,454.

The town is home to mountain slopes popular with skiers, and a 70-meter ski jump, which has been used in international ski jumping competitions.
2013–14 UNLV Runnin' Rebels basketball team
The 2013–14 UNLV Runnin' Rebels basketball team represented the University of Nevada, Las Vegas during the 2013–14 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was coached by Dave Rice, in his third year with the Runnin' Rebels. They played their home games at the Thomas & Mack Center on UNLV's main campus in Paradise, Nevada and were a member of the Mountain West Conference. They finished the season 20–13, 10–8 in Mountain West play to finish in a tie for third place. They advanced to the semifinals of the Mountain West Conference tournament to San Diego State. They did not play in a postseason tournament for the first time since 2009.

2014 Mountain West Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2014 Mountain West Conference men's basketball tournament was held on March 12–15, 2014 at the Thomas & Mack Center in Las Vegas, Nevada. With San Jose State and Utah State added to the MWC, the MWC had an 11-team tournament for 2014. The top five seeds got a first round bye. For the second year in a row, the first-round games were online, quarterfinals and semifinals games were on the CBS Sports Network and the championship game was televised on CBS. The tournament champion received the Mountain West's automatic bid to the 2014 NCAA tournament.
Delphi (online service)
Delphi Forums is a U.S. online service provider and since the mid-1990s has been a community internet forum site. It started as a nationwide dialup service in 1983. Delphi Forums remains active as of 2026.

Telenet
Telenet was an American commercial packet-switched network which went into service in August 16, 1975. It was the first FCC-licensed public data network in the United States. Various commercial and government interests paid monthly fees for dedicated lines connecting their computers and local networks to this backbone network. Free public dialup access to Telenet, for those who wished to access these systems, was provided in hundreds of cities throughout the United States.