hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Propolis
Propolis or bee glue is a resinous mixture that honey bees produce by mixing saliva and beeswax with exudate gathered from tree buds, sap flows, or other botanical sources. It is used as a sealant for unwanted open spaces in the beehive. Propolis is used for small gaps (around 6 mm (1⁄4 in) or less), while gaps larger than the bee space (around 9 mm (3⁄8 in)) are usually filled with burr comb. Its color varies depending on its botanical source, with dark brown as the most common. Propolis is sticky above 19 °C (66 °F), while at lower temperatures, it becomes hard and brittle.

When foraging, worker bees primarily harvest pollen and nectar, while also collecting water and plant resin necessary for the production of propolis. The chemical composition and nature of propolis depend on environmental conditions and harvested resources.

Populus
Populus is a genus of 25–30 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. English names variously applied to different species include poplar (/ˈpɒplər/ ⓘ), aspen, and cottonwood.

The western balsam poplar (P. trichocarpa) was the first tree to have its full DNA code determined by DNA sequencing, in 2006.
Dalry, Edinburgh
Dalry (/dælˈraɪ/) is an area of the Scottish capital city of Edinburgh. It is located close to the city centre, between Haymarket and Gorgie. The area is now primarily residential. It is centred around Dalry Road, which has numerous shops, restaurants and small businesses. Lying outside the old city walls and west of the castle, the area began as part of the agricultural estate of Dalry House (constructed in 1661), the exception being the Dalry Mill, recorded as the oldest paper mill in Scotland, now demolished.

In the Victorian period industrial development followed along with large scale tenement construction, new road layouts and the addition of railway infrastructure, all of which came to occupy the former fields. By the early 21st century most of the industry of Dalry has disappeared, with the former sites converted to private housing.

Haymarket railway station
Haymarket railway station is the second largest railway station in Edinburgh, Scotland, after Waverley railway station.

The station serves as a major commuter and long-distance destination, located near the city centre, in the West End. Trains from the station serve much of Scotland, including Fife and Glasgow, as well as suburban lines to the east, and the East Coast Main Line through to London King's Cross. It is the fifth busiest railway station in Scotland.
Andreas Heinecke
Andreas Heinecke (born 24 December 1955) is a social entrepreneur and the creator of Dialogue in the Dark. He is the first Ashoka Fellow for Western Europe and a Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship Global Fellow. He is also the founder of Dialogue Social Enterprise and an honorary professor and Chair of Social Business at the EBS University of Business and Law, Wiesbaden, Germany.

Ashoka (non-profit organization)
Ashoka (formerly known as Ashoka: Innovators for the Public) is an American-based 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that promotes social entrepreneurship by connecting and supporting individual social entrepreneurs. Ashoka invests in over 4,000 social entrepreneurs in over 90 countries worldwide.

Ashoka offers social entrepreneurship opportunities to teens as well.
Francesco Ricchi
Francesco Ricchi (born February 24, 1994) is an Italian-American bare-knuckle boxer and mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the Bare Knuckle Fighting Championship, where he is a former interim BKFC Middleweight Champion. As a mixed martial artist, he has competed in the welterweight division.

Welterweight (MMA)
The welterweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's welterweight division, which groups competitors within 156 to 170 lb (71 to 77 kg)

The ONE Championship's welterweight division, with upper limit at 83.9 kg (185.0 lb)
Getting it right for every child
Getting it right for every child (GIRFEC; /ˈɡɜːrfɛk/ GUR-fek) is the Scottish Government's approach to supporting children and young people. It is intended as a framework that will allow organisations who work on behalf of the country's children and their families to provide a consistent, supportive approach for all. It is best known for the controversial "Named Person" requirement, referred to as a "state guardian" in some media.

It requires that services aimed at children and young people – social work, health, education, police, housing and voluntary organisations – adapt and streamline their systems and practices and work together. The approach encourages earlier intervention by professionals to avoid crisis situations at a later date.

Social care in Scotland
Social care in Scotland encompasses social work; care home services in the community for adults, children and young people; and services for young children, including nurseries and after-school care clubs.
Lunar observation
The Moon is the largest natural satellite of and the closest major astronomical object to Earth. The Moon may be observed by using a variety of optical instruments, ranging from the naked eye to large telescopes. The Moon is the only celestial body upon which surface features can be discerned with the unaided eyes of most people.

Naked eye
Naked eye, also called bare eye or unaided eye, is the practice of engaging in visual perception unaided by a magnifying, light-collecting optical instrument, such as a telescope or microscope, or eye protection.

In astronomy, the naked eye may be used to observe celestial events and objects visible without equipment, such as conjunctions, passing comets, meteor showers, and the brightest asteroids, including 4 Vesta. Sky lore and various tests demonstrate an impressive variety of phenomena visible to the unaided eye.
Black bittern
The black bittern (Botaurus flavicollis) is a bittern of Old World origin, breeding in tropical Asia from Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka east to China, Indonesia, and Australia. It is mainly resident, but some northern birds migrate short distances. This species was formerly placed in the genus Ixobrychus.

John Latham (ornithologist)
John Latham FRS (27 June 1740 – 4 February 1837) was an English physician, naturalist and author. His main works were A General Synopsis of Birds (1781–1801) and A General History of Birds (1821–1828). He was able to examine specimens of Australian birds that reached England in the final twenty years of the 18th century, and was responsible for providing English names for many of them. He named some of Australia's most famous birds, including the emu, sulphur-crested cockatoo, wedge-tailed eagle, superb lyrebird, Australian magpie, magpie-lark, white-throated needletail and pheasant coucal. Latham has been called the "grandfather" of Australian ornithology. He was also the first to describe the hyacinth macaw from South America.
The Charles
The Charles is a building at 1353-1355 First Avenue on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City.

In 2007, R. Ramin Kamfar, the chief executive of Bluerock Real Estate, purchased the land for development. A high-rise building with thirty-three floors was scheduled for construction. However, the project was postponed due to the Great Recession. Construction began again in February 2013, with only thirty-one floors. It is developed by Bluerock Real Estate, in conjunction with Victor Homes.

The building is a 121.31-metre-high (398.0 ft) structure. It is designed in the modernist architectural style by Ismael Levya. The facade is light blue.  It is a residential building, with twenty-eight full-floor condominiums. The interior design is David Collins.

Upper East Side
The Upper East Side (sometimes abbreviated UES) is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. It is bounded approximately by 96th Street to the north, the East River to the east, 59th Street to the south, and Central Park and Fifth Avenue to the west. The neighborhood area incorporates several smaller neighborhoods, including Lenox Hill, Carnegie Hill, and Yorkville. Once known as the Silk Stocking District, it has long been the wealthiest neighborhood in New York City.

The Upper East Side is part of Manhattan Community District 8, and its primary ZIP Codes are 10021, 10028, 10065, 10075, and 10128. It is patrolled by the 19th Precinct of the New York City Police Department.
Rocky Mountain Junior Hockey League
The Rocky Mountain Junior Hockey League was a Junior "A" ice hockey league in British Columbia, Canada.

1966–1975 – Peace Junior B Hockey League (PJBHL)

1975–1991 – Peace-Cariboo Junior Hockey League (PCJHL)

1991–1999 – Rocky Mountain Junior Hockey League (RMJHL)

Alberta Junior Hockey League
The Alberta Junior Hockey League (AJHL) is an Alberta-based Junior A ice hockey league that belongs to the Canadian Junior Hockey League (CJHL).  It was formed as a five-team league in 1964. The 2023–24 season began with 16 teams, however 5 teams did not finish the season after it was announced that 
they planned to join the BCHL in the 2024–25 season. The regular season league champions receive the Dave Duchak Trophy.  The playoff champions receive the Inter Pipeline Cup (previously known as the Carling O'Keefe trophy and Gas Drive Cup). The winner of the AJHL playoffs continues on to play in the Centennial Cup tournament, which determines Canadian Junior A champion.
Philippine English
Philippine English is a variety of English native to the Philippines, including those used by the media and the vast majority of educated Filipinos and English learners in the Philippines from adjacent Asian countries. English is taught in schools as one of the two official languages of the country, the other being Filipino, a standardized form of Tagalog. Due to the influx of Philippine English teachers overseas, Philippine English is also becoming the prevalent variety of English being learned in East Asia and Southeast Asia as taught by Filipino teachers in various countries such as South Korea, Japan, and Thailand among others. Due to the highly multilingual and bilingual nature of the Philippines, code-switching such as Taglish (Tagalog-infused English) and Bislish (English infused with any of the Bisayan languages) is prevalent across domains from casual settings to formal situations. Philippine English is similar and related to  American English but in nativized form.

Philippine languages
The Philippine languages or Philippinic are a proposed group by R. David Paul Zorc (1986) and Robert Blust (1991; 2005; 2019) that include all the languages of the Philippines and northern Sulawesi, Indonesia—except Sama–Bajaw (languages of the "Sea Gypsies") and the Molbog language (disputed)—and form a subfamily of Austronesian languages. Although the Philippines is near the center of Austronesian expansion from Taiwan, there is relatively little linguistic diversity among the approximately 150 Philippine languages, suggesting that earlier diversity has been erased by the spread of the ancestor of the modern Philippine languages.
N'aschi
The N'aschi (Persian: ناشی, romanized: nâši, lit. 'growing'; variously Nashi, N'aashi, Naschi, Nashim) is a northeastern wind that occurs in winter on the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf, especially near the entrance to the gulf, and also on the Makran coast. It is probably associated with an outflow from the central Asiatic anticyclone, which extends over the high land of Iran. It is similar in character, but less severe than the bora.

It brings clouds, precipitation and dust; it is connected with a high over the Iranian Plateau and a low over the Persian Gulf, bringing cold polar air from over Central Asia.

Bora (wind)
The bora is a northerly to north-easterly katabatic wind in areas near the Adriatic Sea. Similar nomenclature is used for north-eastern winds in other littoral areas of eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea basins.
Orchestral Suite No. 1 (Tchaikovsky)
Orchestral Suite No. 1 in D minor is an orchestral suite, Op. 43, written by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky in 1878 and 1879. It was premiered on December 20, 1879 at a Russian Musical Society concert in Moscow, conducted by Nikolai Rubinstein. The piece is dedicated to Tchaikovsky's patroness, Nadezhda von Meck.

D minor
D minor is a minor scale based on D, consisting of the pitches D, E, F, G, A, B♭, and C. Its key signature has one flat. Its relative major is F major and its parallel major is D major.

The D natural minor scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The D harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:
Timer Call
The Timer Call is an Exotic option, that allows buyers to specify the level of volatility used to price the instrument.

As with many leading ideas, the principle of the timer call is remarkably simple: instead of a dealer needing to use an implied volatility to use in pricing the option, the volatility is fixed, and the maturity is left floating. As a result of this, the Timer Call allows the pricing of call and put options on underlyings for which ordinary options are not priced; dealers in a normal option are exposed to the difference between the volatility they estimate and the realised volatility, whereas in a Timer Call, this risk is much diminished.

Call option
In finance, a call option (often simply a "call"), is a contract between the buyer and the seller of the call option to exchange a security at a set price. The buyer of the call option has the right, but not the obligation, to buy an agreed quantity of a particular commodity or financial instrument (the underlying) from the seller of the option at or before a certain time (the expiration date) for a certain price (the strike price). This effectively gives the buyer a long position in the given asset. The seller (or "writer") is obliged to sell the commodity or financial instrument to the buyer if the buyer so decides. This effectively gives the seller a short position in the given asset. The buyer pays a fee (called a premium) for this right. The term "call" comes from the fact that the owner has the right to "call the stock away" from the seller.
Coos Bay-North Bend A's
The Coos Bay–North Bend A's were a minor league baseball team that represented Coos Bay, Oregon and North Bend, Oregon. From 1970 to 1972, the Coos Bay–North Bend A's played as members of the Class A Short Season level Northwest League. The Coos Bay–North Bend A's were an affiliate of the Oakland Athletics and hosted home games at the North Bend Municipal Park.

Coos Bay, Oregon
Coos Bay (Coos: Atsiixis) is a city located in Coos County, Oregon, United States, where the Coos River enters Coos Bay on the Pacific Ocean. It shares Coos Bay with the adjacent city of North Bend. Together, they are often referred to as one entity called either Coos Bay-North Bend or Oregon's Bay Area. Coos Bay's population as of the 2020 census was 15,985 residents, making it the most populous city on the Oregon Coast. Oregon's Bay Area is estimated to be home to 32,308 (Coos Bay Census County Division).
1992 Orange Bowl
The 1992 Orange Bowl was the 58th edition of the college football bowl game, played at the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida, on January 1. Part of the 1991–92 bowl game season, it matched the top-ranked Miami Hurricanes of the Big East Conference and the #11 Nebraska Cornhuskers of the Big Eight Conference. Favored Miami won 22–0.

It was a rematch of the 1984 and 1989 editions, both Miami wins.  This shutout win gave the Hurricanes their fourth national championship (1983, 1987, 1989), capping their "decade of dominance."

1991–92 NCAA football bowl games
The 1991–92 NCAA football bowl games were a series of post-season games played in December 1991 and January 1992 to end the 1991 NCAA Division I-A football season. A total of 18 team-competitive games, and two all-star games, were played. The post-season began with the California Bowl on December 14, 1991, and concluded on January 18, 1992, with the season-ending Senior Bowl.
Progressive massive fibrosis
Progressive massive fibrosis (PMF), characterized by the development of large conglomerate masses of dense fibrosis (usually in the upper lung zones), can complicate silicosis and coal worker's pneumoconiosis. Conglomerate masses may also occur in other pneumoconioses, such as talcosis, berylliosis (CBD), kaolin pneumoconiosis, and pneumoconiosis from carbon compounds, such as carbon black, graphite, and oil shale. Conglomerate masses can also develop in sarcoidosis, but usually near the hilae and with surrounding paracicatricial emphysema.

The disease arises firstly through the deposition of silica or coal dust (or other dust) within the lung, and then through the body's immunological reactions to the dust.

Berylliosis
Berylliosis, or chronic beryllium disease (CBD), is a chronic allergic-type lung response and chronic lung disease caused by exposure to beryllium and its compounds, a form of beryllium poisoning. It is distinct from acute beryllium poisoning, which became rare following occupational exposure limits established around 1950. Berylliosis is an occupational lung disease.

While there is no cure, symptoms can be treated.
ABC Central Victoria
ABC Central Victoria (call sign: 3ABCRR) is an ABC Local Radio station based in Bendigo, Victoria. The station opened in January 1993 and covers Bendigo, Echuca, St Arnaud and Kyneton.

The station's local programming includes a breakfast show presented by Jonathan Ridnell on weekdays and Megan Spencer on Saturdays, and a weekday morning program hosted by Fiona Parker (also heard on ABC Western Victoria and ABC Mildura Swan Hill).

On 9th January 2026, the station's transmitter site at Mt Alexander was damaged in the  Victorian bushfires, causing the station to go off-air terrestrially. Community radio station Phoenix FM, which was not affected by this, immediately suspended normal programming and became a repeater of ABC Central Victoria for emergency information.

ABC Mildura Swan Hill
ABC Mildura Swan Hill (call sign: 3MIL) is an ABC Local Radio station based in Mildura, Victoria. The station, opened in 1990, covers northwest Victoria and southwest New South Wales, including Mildura, Swan Hill, Kerang, and Ouyen.
J. J. Clancy (North Dublin MP)
John Joseph Clancy (15 July 1847 – 25 November 1928), usually known as J. J. Clancy, was an Irish nationalist politician and Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons for North Dublin from 1885 to 1918. He was one of the leaders of the later Irish Home Rule movement and promoter of the Housing of the Working Classes (Ireland) Act 1908, known as the Clancy Act. Called to the Irish Bar in 1887, he became a King's Counsel in 1906.

1885 United Kingdom general election
The 1885 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 November to 18 December 1885. The first general election after an extension of the franchise and redistribution of seats, it saw the Liberals lose their majority.

The election saw the Liberals, led by William Gladstone, win the most seats, but not an overall majority, so a minority government was necessary. The Irish Nationalists held the balance of power between the Liberals and the Conservatives who sat with a large number of allied Unionist MPs (their name referred to their support for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland). The pressure of minority government status exacerbated divisions within the Liberals over Irish Home Rule. This led to a Liberal split that caused another general election the following year.

The 1885 election saw the first socialist party participate, with the Social Democratic Federation led by H. M. Hyndman standing three candidates. None were elected.
Paducah District of The United Methodist Church
The Purchase District of The United Methodist Church is one of the 4 Districts of the Memphis Conference of The United Methodist Church. It consists of eight County Clusters and 79 churches/56 pastoral charges in the Jackson Purchase area of western Kentucky. The Reverend Sky McCracken is the District Superintendent, and Bishop William T. McAlilly is the Resident Bishop.

District superintendent (Methodism)
A district superintendent (DS), also known as a presiding elder, in many Methodist denominations, is a minister (specifically an elder) who serves in a supervisory position over a geographic "district" of churches (varying in size) providing spiritual and administrative leadership to those churches and their pastors.

District superintendents were once called presiding elders and this is the term still employed in some Methodist denominations such as the African Methodist Episcopal Church, the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church, and the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church. In the 20th century, in the Methodist Episcopal Church (the forerunner of the United Methodist Church) and the Free Methodist Church, the term district superintendent supplanted the former term.
Amando Tetangco Jr.
Amando Maglalang Tetangco Jr. (born November 14, 1952) is a Filipino banker, who served as the third Governor of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP).  He was the first BSP governor to serve two terms,  having been first appointed to the office by Philippine president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo in July 3, 2005, and reappointed in July 31, 2011, by President Benigno Aquino III to serve another six-year term.

Governor of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
The governor of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas/Central Bank of the Philippines (Filipino: Tagapangasiwa ng Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas or simply Tagapangasiwa ng Bangko Sentral) is the chief executive officer of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, the Philippines' central bank.

On June 23, 2023, President Bongbong Marcos appointed Eli Remolona as the fourteenth governor of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, replacing Felipe Medalla. Medalla had shared a six-year term with Benjamin Diokno, who was subsequently appointed as Secretary of Finance. and Nestor Espenilla, Jr., who died while in office.
L
L, or l, is the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is el (pronounced /ˈɛl/ ⓘ EL), plural els.

Script typeface
Script typefaces are based on the varied and often fluid stroke created by handwriting. They are generally used for display or trade printing, rather than for extended body text in the Latin alphabet. Some Greek alphabet typefaces, especially historically, have been a closer simulation of handwriting.
Charles Broadbridge
Charles Broadbridge (christened 17 December 1798; died July 1841) was an English cricketer who played for Sussex. He was born and died in Duncton.

Broadbridge made a single first-class appearance, in 1838, against Marylebone Cricket Club. Batting in the lower-middle order, Broadbridge scored one run in the first innings and a duck in the second innings, partnering William Lillywhite, whose nephew James Lillywhite played in the first ever Test match.

William Lillywhite
Frederick William Lillywhite (13 June 1792 – 21 August 1854) was an English cricketer during the game's roundarm era. One of the main protagonists in the legalisation of roundarm, he was one of the most successful bowlers of his era. His status is borne out by his nickname: The Nonpareil.

Lillywhite's known career spanned the 1825 to 1853 seasons, and he played for Sussex County Cricket Club as well as the Marylebone Cricket Club, and also represented Surrey, Hampshire, and Middlesex in the period before the formation of the current county clubs. Detailed bowling figures for many of his matches are not known: he took 1576 wickets in 237 matches, and took 155 five-wicket hauls and 55 ten-wicket hauls. He was an original member of William Clarke's All England Eleven.

He married Charlotte Parker (1790 - 1870) at Westhampnett, Sussex on 15 July 1822.
Part of a cricketing dynasty, he was the father of John Lillywhite and Fred Lillywhite, and uncle of James Lillywhite.