hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bio-bean
Bio-bean was a private company that industrialised the process of recycling waste coffee grounds into advanced biofuels and biomass pellets.

The company was located in London, England, and built the world's first waste coffee recycling factory in Cambridgeshire. It was founded in 2013 by Arthur Kay. In 2014 the company was awarded £400,000 as the winner of the Postcode Lottery Green Challenge contest. In 2022 after an assessment by B Corp, bio-bean was announced as the B Corp Best in the World Environment, with an overall score of 99.1.

Biomass
Biomass is material produced by the growth of microorganisms, plants or animals. Beyond this general definition, there are differences in how the term is used and applied depending on industry or subject-matter norms. For example, it may be more narrowly defined as just plant matter, or as a combination of plant and animal matter.
2019 J.League Cup
The 2019 J. League Cup was the 27th J.League Cup, which began on 6 March and ended on 26 October 2019.

The official title is 2019 J.League YBC Levain Cup (2019 JリーグYBCルヴァンカップ) due to the sponsorship of Yamazaki Baking. The winners would have earned the right to play against the winners of the 2019 Copa Sudamericana in the 2020 J.League Cup / Copa Sudamericana Championship, but it would not held due to the 2020 Tokyo Olympics held at the same time.

FC Tokyo
Football Club Tokyo (フットボールクラブ東京, Futtobōru Kurabu Tōkyō), commonly known as FC Tokyo (FC東京, Efushī Tōkyō), is a Japanese professional football club based in Chōfu, Tokyo. The club plays in the J1 League, the top tier of football in the country.

From 2025, FC Tokyo is one of the few J.League clubs to be simply called Football Club without an extended name or moniker, the others being FC Imabari of J2 League, as well as FC Gifu and FC Osaka in J3 League.

The club have won 1 J2 League titles, 1 Emperor's Cup and 3 J.League Cup. The club also won the 2010 J.League Cup / Copa Sudamericana Championship.
Ben Brereton Díaz
Benjamin Anthony Brereton (born 18 April 1999), also known as Ben Brereton Díaz, is a professional footballer who plays as a forward or winger for EFL Championship club Derby County, on loan from Southampton. Born in England, he plays for the Chile national team.

Brereton Díaz began his club career with Nottingham Forest, making his senior debut in 2017. He moved to Blackburn Rovers in 2018, initially on loan before joining them on a permanent transfer in 2019. In 2023, he signed for Villarreal in Spain's La Liga, but did not score any goals over 20 games and left on loan for Sheffield United and then permanently to Southampton. He has since had loan spells at Sheffield United and Derby County.

Born in England, Brereton Díaz represented his birth country at the under-19 and under-20 levels. Qualifying through his mother, he was selected for the senior Chile team in 2021, and played at the Copa América in 2021 and 2024.

Football League Apprentice of the Year
The Football League Apprentice of the Year is an annual award in English football, awarded by the League Football Education. To be eligible the players must be under-18 or turn 18 during the current season.
Philby's partridge
Philby's partridge (Alectoris philbyi) or Philby's rock partridge, is a relative of the chukar, red-legged partridge and barbary partridges and is native to southwestern Saudi Arabia and northern Yemen. Although similar in appearance to other Alectoris species, Philby's partridge can be distinguished by its black cheeks and throat. Although not currently listed as an endangered species, the Arab Spring and destruction of its fragile habitat in the tribal areas of Northern Yemen had led to concerns about the survival of this species. The name commemorates the British explorer St John Philby.

Red-legged partridge
The red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) is a gamebird in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. It is sometimes known as French partridge, to distinguish it from the English or grey partridge. The genus name is from Ancient Greek alektoris a farmyard chicken, and rufa is Latin for red or rufous.

It is a rotund bird, with a light brown back, grey breast and buff belly. The face is white with a black gorget. It has rufous-streaked flanks and red legs. When disturbed, it prefers to run rather than fly, but if necessary it flies a short distance on rounded wings. This is a seed-eating species, but the young in particular take insects as an essential protein supply. The call is a three-syllable ka-chu-chu.
1917–18 Montreal Wanderers season
The 1917–18 Montreal Wanderers season was the 15th and final season of play of the Montreal Wanderers ice hockey club. Along with the Canadiens, Ottawa and Quebec, the club voted to suspend the National Hockey Association (NHA) and form the National Hockey League (NHL) to freeze out the Toronto NHA franchise owner. On the ice club still had difficulties fielding a competitive club, and when the Montreal Arena burned down, owner Sam Lichtenhein elected to suspend the club. The team is officially credited with having played six games, though they only actually played the first four; the other two were declared forfeit.

Montreal Arena
The Montreal Arena, also known as Westmount Arena, was an indoor arena located in Westmount, Quebec, Canada on the corner of St. Catherine Street and Wood Avenue. It is considered the first arena designed expressly for ice hockey. Opened in 1898, it was the primary site of amateur and professional ice hockey in Montreal until 1918.
Fielding Hudson Garrison
Colonel Fielding Hudson Garrison, MD (November 5, 1870 – April 18, 1935) was an acclaimed medical historian, bibliographer, and librarian of medicine.  Garrison's An Introduction to the History of Medicine (1913) is a landmark text in this field.

Bulletin of the History of Medicine
The Bulletin of the History of Medicine is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1933. It is an official publication of the American Association for the History of Medicine and of the Johns Hopkins Institute of the History of Medicine. The journal covers social, emotional, cultural, and scientific aspects of the history of medicine and includes critical reviews of recent literature in the field.
2008 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – Pool A
Group A of the 2008 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II was one of two pools in the Asia/Oceania Zone Group II of the 2008 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to the 2009 Group I.

2008 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2008 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II were the final stage matches of the Group II Zonal Competition involving teams from Asia and Oceania. Using the positions determined in their pools, the nine teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2008 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II. The top team advanced to Group I for the next year.
Meher Ali Shah
Pir Meher Ali Shah (Punjabi: پیر مہر علی شاہ, pronounced [piɾ mɛɦəɾ əli ʃaːɦ]; 14 April 1859 – May 1937) was a Punjabi Muslim Sufi scholar and mystic poet from Punjab, British India (present-day Pakistan). Belonging to the Chishti order, he is known as a Hanafi scholar who led the anti-Ahmadiyya movement. He composed poetry in Punjabi, and wrote several books in both Urdu and Persian, most notably Saif-e-Chishtiyai ("The Sword of the Chishti Order"), a polemical work criticizing the Ahmadiyya movement of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad.

Shah was a descendant, from his father Nazr Din Shah's side, of Abdul Qadir Jilani in the 25th generation, and of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through Hassan ibn Ali in the 38th generation.

Abdul Qadir Gilani
Abdul Qadir Gilani (c. 1077 or 1078 – c. 1166) was a Hanbali scholar, preacher, and Sufi mystic leader who was the eponym of the Qadiriyya, one of the oldest Sufi orders.

He was born in c. 1077 or 1078 in the town of Na'if, Rezvanshahr in Gilan, Persia, and died in 1166 in Baghdad. His epithet, Gilani refers to his place of birth, Gilan, while the epithet, Baghdadi, referring to his residence and burial in Baghdad.
AN/ARC-182
The AN/ARC-182 is a family of military aircraft radio transceivers designed for two-way, multi-mode voice communications over a 30 to 400 MHz frequency range. It covers both Ultra High Frequency (UHF) and Very High Frequency (VHF) bands with AM, FM, as appropriate. The ARC-182 radio supports the HAVE QUICK II anti-jam waveforms, with an optional control unit. It features a guard channel capability for monitoring 40.5, 121.5, 156.8 and 243 MHz. Transmitter minimum power is 10 watts, AM, and 15 watts, FM. The RT-1250A model radio can communicate with other avionics over a MIL-STD-1553 data bus.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/ARC-182" designation represents the 182nd design of an Army-Navy airborne electronic device for radio communications equipment. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense electronic systems.

Joint Electronics Type Designation System
The Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), which was previously known as the Joint Army-Navy Nomenclature System (AN System. JAN) and the Joint Communications-Electronics Nomenclature System, is a method developed by the U.S. War Department during World War II for assigning an unclassified designator to electronic equipment. In 1957, the JETDS was formalized in MIL-STD-196.

Computer software and commercial unmodified electronics for which the manufacturer maintains design control are not covered.
2025 Music City 150
The 2025 Music City 150 was the 3rd stock car race of the 2025 ARCA Menards Series East season, and the 5th iteration of the event. The race was originally scheduled to be held on Saturday, May 3, 2025, but was postponed to Sunday, May 4, due to inclement weather. The race was held at the Nashville Fairgrounds Speedway in Nashville, Tennessee, a 0.596 mile (0.959 km) permanent asphalt oval shaped short track. The race took the scheduled 150 laps to complete. Max Reaves, driving for Joe Gibbs Racing, would be unstoppable throughout the event, leading all but three laps to earn his second career ARCA Menards Series East win in his second start, becoming the third driver in series history to win in their first two career starts. To fill out the podium, Tyler Reif, driving for Sigma Performance Services, and Hunter Wright, driving for MAN Motorsports, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Music City 150
The Music City 150 is a 89.400-mile (143.875 km) annual ARCA Menards Series East race held at the Nashville Fairgrounds Speedway in Nashville, Tennessee. The event has been part of the ARCA Menards Series and ARCA Menards Series East (previously the NASCAR Busch and Camping World East Series) schedules and has come and gone from both throughout its history. It was originally held in 1992 in what was then known as the ARCA SuperCar Series, brought back in 2007 and 2008 as an East Series race, brought back in 2015 as an ARCA Racing (later Menards) Series race, and then moved back to the East Series after NASCAR's acquisition of ARCA.
Dustin Jinka
Dustin Jinka (born 28 April 1986) is a South African former professional rugby union player whose regular position was scrum-half. In 2016, Jinka became the head coach of Swedish Allsvenskan side Hammarby.

Stormers
The Stormers (known for sponsorship reasons as the DHL Stormers) is a South African professional rugby union team based in Cape Town in the Western Cape that competes in the United Rugby Championship, a trans-hemispheric competition that also involves sides from Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales and the domestic Currie Cup competition as the Western Province. They competed in the Super Rugby competition until 2020. They have won one major international championship, the 2021-22 United Rugby Championship, and seven South African 'conference' titles, five in the South African Conference of Super Rugby, and two in the URC equivalent, the South African Shield, while in the Currie Cup having won the competition on a record 34 occasions.
Pål Tyldum
Pål Bjarne Tyldum (born 28 March 1942) is a retired cross-country skier from Norway. Specializing in the longer distances, he won a gold medal in the 50 km event at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo. At the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble, he won a gold medal in the 4 × 10 km relay. Additionally, he won three Olympic silver medals and seven national cross-country championships. His best result at the world championships was fourth place in the 30 km and 4 × 10 km relay in 1970.

Tyldum won the 50 km event at the Holmenkollen ski festival twice (1969 and 1972). He received the Holmenkollen medal in 1970 and the Sir Thomas Fearnley Cup from the Norwegian Olympic Committee in 1972. He was selected as the Olympic flag bearer for Norway at the 1976 Winter Olympics.

Holmenkollen Ski Festival
The Holmenkollen Ski Festival (Norwegian: Holmenkollen skifestival or Holmenkollrennene) is a traditional annual Nordic skiing event in Holmenkollen, Oslo, Norway. The full official name of the event is Holmenkollen FIS World Cup Nordic.
Daraa offensive (February–June 2017)
The Daraa offensive (February–June 2017), code named as the battle of "Death Rather than Humiliation" (Arabic: الموت ولا المذلة) by the rebels, was a military operation launched by Syrian rebels against positions of the Syrian Arab Army in the Manshiyah District of Daraa city, in southern Syria, during the Syrian Civil War.

Khalid ibn al-Walid Army
The Khalid ibn al-Walid Army (Arabic: جيش خالد بن الوليد Jaysh Khālid ibn al-Walīd) was an armed Salafi jihadist group active in southern Syria. It was formed by a merger of the Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade, the Islamic Muthanna Movement, and the Jaysh al-Jihad on 21 May 2016. The faction controlled a strip of territory southeast of the Golan Heights, and was in conflict with other forces of the Syrian rebels. The group was defeated and lost all of its territory to the Syrian Government on 31 July 2018, with many members surrendering. Many captured members of the Khalid ibn al-Walid Army were executed on the same day.

In July 2018 the group became the Islamic State's Hawran Province.
Aspergillus bisporus
Aspergillus bisporus is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Bispori section. The species was first described in 1971.

The genome of A. bisporus was sequenced as a part of the Aspergillus whole-genome sequencing project - a project dedicated to performing whole-genome sequencing of all members of the genus Aspergillus. The genome assembly size was 27.10 Mbp.

Aspergillus
Aspergillus (/ˌæspərˈdʒɪləs/) is a genus consisting of several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide.

Aspergillus was first catalogued in 1729 by the Italian priest and biologist Pier Antonio Micheli. Viewing the fungi under a microscope, Micheli was reminded of the shape of an aspergillum (holy water sprinkler), from Latin spargere (to sprinkle), and named the genus accordingly. Aspergillum is an asexual spore-forming structure common to all Aspergillus species; around one-third of species are also known to have a sexual stage. While some species of Aspergillus are known to cause fungal infections, others are of commercial importance.
Cold-core low
A cold-core low, also known as an upper level low or cold-core cyclone, is a cyclone aloft which has an associated cold pool of air residing at high altitude within the Earth's troposphere, without a frontal structure. It is a low pressure system that strengthens with height in accordance with the thermal wind relationship. If a weak surface circulation forms in response to such a feature at subtropical latitudes of the eastern north Pacific or north Indian oceans, it is called a subtropical cyclone. Cloud cover and rainfall mainly occurs with these systems during the day.

Severe weather, such as tornadoes, can occur near the center of cold-core lows. Cold lows can help spawn cyclones with significant weather impacts, such as polar lows, and Kármán vortices. Cold lows can lead directly to the development of tropical cyclones, owing to their associated cold pool of air aloft or by acting as additional outflow channels to aid in further development.

Outflow (meteorology)
Outflow, in meteorology, is air that flows outwards from a storm system. It is associated with ridging, or anticyclonic flow. In the low levels of the troposphere, outflow radiates from thunderstorms in the form of a wedge of rain-cooled air, which is visible as a thin rope-like cloud on weather satellite imagery or a fine line on weather radar imagery. For observers on the ground, a thunderstorm outflow boundary often approaches in otherwise clear skies as a low, thick cloud that brings with it a gust front.

Low-level outflow boundaries can disrupt the center of small tropical cyclones. However, outflow aloft is essential for the strengthening of a tropical cyclone. If this outflow is restricted or undercut, the tropical cyclone weakens. If two tropical cyclones are close, the upper-level outflow from the upwind system can limit the development of the other system.
Jordan Rally
The Jordan Rally (Arabic: رالي الأردن) is a rallying competition held in Jordan. It was a new addition to the FIA World Rally Championship (WRC) calendar for the 2008 season, and the first occurrence of a WRC event in the Middle East. The rally was previously part of the Middle East Rally Championship (MERC). The 2008 rally was held from 24 to 27 April.

2008 Jordan Rally
The 2008 Jordan Rally was the fifth round of 2008 World Rally Championship season and the third gravel round of the championship and also the second round of the Junior World Rally Championship. The event began with a ceremonial start on Thursday, April 24 in Amman, Jordan, near the Dead Sea.
Culmington
Culmington is a village and civil parish in south Shropshire, England, about 3+1⁄2 miles (5.6 km) east of Craven Arms and 4+1⁄2 miles (7 km) north of Ludlow. The village is about 330 feet (100 m) above sea level, beside the River Corve, just east of the B4365 road. The 2011 Census recorded the parish population as 423.

Craven Arms
Craven Arms is a market town and civil parish in Shropshire, England. It is sited on the A49 road and the Welsh Marches railway line, which link it north and south to the larger towns of Shrewsbury and Ludlow respectively. The town is enclosed to the north by the Shropshire Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and to the south is the fortified manor house of Stokesay Castle.

Economically, the town serves the surrounding rural area, with a number of shops, estate agents, a supermarket, an abattoir and many commercial/light industrial businesses. It is also a visitor destination, being home or nearby to a number of attractions, and is a centre for visitors to the area of outstanding natural beauty. It describes itself as the Gateway to the Marches.
Timeline of the first Trump presidency (2020 Q3)
The following is a timeline of the first presidency of Donald Trump during the third quarter of 2020, from July 1 to September 30, 2020. For a complete itinerary of his travels, see List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2020–21). To navigate quarters, see timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies. For the Q4 timeline see timeline of the first Trump presidency (2020 Q4–January 2021).

Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies
Donald Trump, a Republican originally from New York, who moved his principal residency to Florida in 2019, was elected president of the United States in 2016.

He was inaugurated on January 20, 2017, as the nation's 45th president, and his presidency ended on January 20, 2021, with the inauguration of Joe Biden.

Trump was then elected to a nonconsecutive second term in 2024, and assumed the presidency again on January 20, 2025, as the nation's 47th and current president.

The following articles cover the timeline of Trump's first and second presidencies, and the time leading up to each of them:
Kalisz Region
Kalisz Region (Polish: Kaliskie) is a historical and ethnographical region in central Poland, located mainly in the Greater Poland Lakes Area and South Greater Poland Plain. It forms the eastern part of the historic region of Greater Poland.

Kalisz Region encompasses the area of the former Kalisz Voivodeship, south of Lake Gopło as well as Wieluń Land. In the north it borders Kuyavia, in the south it borders Lower Silesia, in the west it borders Poznań Region and in the east it borders with Sieradz Land and Lęczyca Land.

The largest city of the region is Kalisz, other large towns include: Konin, Ostrów Wielkopolski, Jarocin, Koło, Krotoszyn, Września, Kępno, Środa Wielkopolska, Pleszew and Zagórów.

Kalisz Region is inhabited by an ethnographical group called Kaliszanie.

Łęczyca Land
Łęczyca Land (Polish: ziemia łęczycka; Latin: Terra Lanciciensis) is a historical region in central Poland, a part of Łęczyca-Sieradz Land (Polish: ziemia łęczycko-sieradzka).

Its historical capital is Łęczyca, while the largest city is Łódź, while other bigger cities are Zgierz, and Tomaszów Mazowiecki (partly in Sieradz Land).

Łęczyca Land is bordered by Greater Poland in the west, Kuyavia in the north, Mazovia in the north-east, Lesser Poland in the south-east, and Sieradz Land in the south. It lies at the Bzura and on the north-east banks of Ner rivers.

The Łęczyca Land and Sieradz Land combined roughly correspond with present-day Łódź Voivodeship.
Niger national rugby union team
The Niger national rugby union team represents Niger in international rugby union. Niger are a member of the International Rugby Board (IRB), and have yet to play in a Rugby World Cup tournament. Niger were the runner up to  Tanzania in the CAR Castel Beer Trophy in 2006, but won the northern section.

Tanzania national rugby union team
The Tanzania national rugby union team represents Tanzania in international rugby union. They are known as the Twigas (Swahili for "giraffes"). Tanzania is a member of the International Rugby Board.

In the 1970s, expatriates and Tanzanians regularly played on the national team in an annual competition against Kenya. Tanzania played their first officially recognised international match in 2004, defeating Burundi. Tanzania won the CAR Castel Cup in 2006.

Tanzania won the 2007 CAR Castel Cup Division 2, South Zone, Pool A tournament held in Arusha late June. The 'Twigas' defeated Mayotte 18-11 on June 26 and Rwanda 53-6 on June 30. Burundi were unable to send their team. Tanzania went on to play Botswana, the winner of South Zone, Pool B, in Gaborone on 18 August. Tanzania lost 14-37.