hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antenne Valley
The Antenne Valley is a Natura 2000 special area of conservation located in the Charente-Maritime and Charente regions, in the valley of the Antenne, a tributary on the right bank of the Charente. It covers the entire river and most of its affluents, including the Briou.

It was submitted in March 1999 for 1,173 ha and validated on February 12, 2004, for 1,208 ha.

The valley has been designated a Natura 2000 site, as it is home to seven natural habitats of Community interest, as well as nineteen species of Community interest, some of which have been given priority status: the European mink, bats (chiropterans), and an insect, the rosalia longicorn.

Astragalus monspessulanus
Astragalus monspessulanus is a species of milkvetch known by the common name Montpellier milkvetch. It is native to Southern and Eastern Europe, including France, Switzerland, and the Balkans, as well as northwest Africa.
30th Battalion (Australia)
The 30th Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army. It was originally formed in 1915 during the First World War as part of the all-volunteer Australian Imperial Force (AIF) and saw service on the Western Front before being disbanded in 1919. It was re-raised in 1921 but was later amalgamated with the 51st Battalion in 1930. In 1935 the two battalions were delinked and the 30th re-raised in its own right. During the Second World War it undertook garrison duties in Australia before undertaking active service in  New Guinea in 1944–1945. After the war, it was disbanded in early 1946. In 1948, the battalion was re-raised again and remained on the order of battle until 1960 when it was absorbed into the Royal New South Wales Regiment.

Operation Alberich
Operation Alberich (German: Unternehmen Alberich) was the code name of a German military operation in France during the First World War. Two salients had been formed during the Battle of the Somme in 1916 between Arras and Saint-Quentin and from Saint-Quentin to Noyon. Alberich was planned as a strategic withdrawal to new positions on the shorter and more easily defended Hindenburg Line (Siegfriedstellung).

General Erich Ludendorff was reluctant to order the withdrawal and hesitated until the last moment. The retirement took place between 9 February and 20 March 1917, after months of preparation. The German retreat shortened the Western front by 25 mi (40 km). The withdrawal to the chord of the Bapaume and Noyon salients provided 13 to 14 extra divisions for the German strategic reserve, that was being assembled to defend the Aisne front against the Franco-British Nivelle Offensive, preparations for which were barely concealed.
Cliff Gorman
Joel Joshua Goldberg (October 13, 1936 – September 5, 2002), known professionally as Cliff Gorman, was an American actor. He won an Obie Award in 1968 for the stage presentation of The Boys in the Band, and went on to reprise his role in the 1970 film version.

Obie Award
The Obie Awards or Off-Broadway Theater Awards are annual awards given since 1956 by The Village Voice newspaper to theater artists and groups involved in off-Broadway and off-off-Broadway productions in New York City. Starting just after the 2014 ceremony, the American Theatre Wing became the joint presenter and administrative manager of the Obie Awards. The Obie Awards are considered off-Broadway's highest honor, similar to the Tony Awards for Broadway productions.
Bill Baker (ice hockey, born 1956)
William Robert Baker (born November 29, 1956) is an American former professional ice hockey defenseman who played 143 regular season games in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Montreal Canadiens, Colorado Rockies, St. Louis Blues and New York Rangers between 1980 and 1983.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
Alan Mahon (judge)
Alan Mahon (born 3 March 1951) is a retired Irish judge who served as a Judge of the Court of Appeal from 2014 to 2018 and a Judge of the Circuit Court from 2002 to 2014.

He was educated at Clongowes Wood College, University College Dublin and the King's Inns. He was called to the Bar in 1976, and to the Inner Bar in 1988.

He was appointed as a Circuit Court judge in April 2002. He was appointed as a judge of the Tribunal of Inquiry into Certain Planning Matters and Payments in September 2002 and appointed chairman of the tribunal in July 2003. In October 2014, he became a judge of the Court of Appeal.

On 24 April 2018, the Government of Ireland decided to recommend Mahon for appointment as the new Ombudsman for the Defence Forces, for a three-year period with effect from 6 July 2018. Mahon was recommended following an open competition run by the Public Appointments Service. Mahon resigned as a Judge of the Court of Appeal to take up the position, which is a non-judicial position.

Court of Appeal (Ireland)
The Court of Appeal (Irish: An Chúirt Achomhairc) is a court in Ireland that sits between the High Court and Supreme Court. Its jurisdiction derives from Article 34.4. It was established in 2014, taking over the existing appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in 2014 and replacing the Court of Criminal Appeal and the Courts-Martial Appeal Court (subject to transitional provisions). Appeals to the Supreme Court are at that Court's discretion.
San Jacinto, Jalisco
San Jacinto is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 227 inhabitants. It is located on the foothills of the Sierra Madre Oxidental mountain chain.

San Martín de Hidalgo
San Martín de Hidalgo, formerly San Martín de la Cal, is the largest town and municipal seat of San Martín de Hidalgo Municipality, in Jalisco in central-western Mexico. As of 2015, the town had a population of 7,819. It is located 16 km (10 miles) southeast of the city of Ameca and 13 km (8 miles) northwest of the city of Cocula.

Tourism in San Martín de Hidalgo mainly relies on either architecture, hiking, or gastronomy.
Schönhausen
Schönhausen (German pronunciation: [ʃøːnˈhaʊzn̩]; Low German: Schöönhusen) is a municipality in the district of Stendal in Saxony-Anhalt in Germany. It is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Elbe-Havel-Land.

Stendal
Stendal (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtɛndaːl] ⓘ), officially the Hanseatic City of Stendal (German: Hansestadt Stendal), is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is the capital of the Stendal District and the unofficial capital of the Altmark region.
Sergey Letov
Sergey Fyodorovich Letov (Russian: Серге́й Фё́дорович Ле́тов, born September 24, 1956), is a Russian musician and composer, known for his improvisational style. He is the founder of the recording label Pentagram. He has collaborated with numerous jazz, avant-garde, modern classical, rock and electronic music artists, including his younger brother Yegor Letov, composer Sergey Kuryokhin, and cult Soviet art punk band DK. Letov has written music for movies and plays, collaborating with Russian, Italian and Austrian theatres, the German non-profit cultural association Goethe-Institut, and the Moscow Institute of Journalism and Literature.

Sergey Letov’s full musical biography titled “World Greatest Musicians. Sergey Letov” ("Величайшие Музыканты Мира. Сергей Летов") was published in 2004 by a French jazz researcher Marc Sarrazi both in Russian and in French.

Dmitri Prigov
Dmitri Aleksandrovich Prigov (Russian: Дми́трий Алекса́ндрович При́гов, 5 November 1940 – 16 July 2007) was a Russian writer and artist. Prigov was part of the unofficial Moscow Conceptualists during the era of the Soviet Union and was briefly sent to a psychiatric hospital in 1986.
Swan Vesta
Swan Vestas is a brand of matches. Shorter than normal pocket matches, they are particularly popular with smokers and have long used the tagline "the smoker's match", although this has been replaced by the prefix "the original" on the current packaging. Until 2018 they were "strike-anywhere" matches, but in response to a change in EU regulations banning the necessary chemicals Swan Vestas were changed to be safety matches.

Swan Vestas matches are manufactured under the House of Swan brand, which is also responsible for making other smoking accessories such as cigarette papers, flints and filter tips. The matches are manufactured by Swedish Match in Sweden using local, sustainably grown aspen.

Match
A match is a tool for starting a fire. Typically, matches are made of small wooden sticks or stiff paper. One end is coated with a material that can be ignited by friction generated by striking the match against a suitable surface. Wooden matches are packaged in matchboxes, and paper matches are partially cut into rows and stapled into matchbooks. The coated end of a match, known as the match "head", consists of a bead of active ingredients and binder, often colored for easier inspection. There are two main types of matches: safety matches, which can be struck only against a specially prepared surface, and strike-anywhere matches, for which any suitably frictional surface can be used.
Mikołaj Trąba
Mikołaj Trąba (Polish pronunciation: [miˈkɔwaj ˈtrɔmba]; 1358 – 2 December 1422), of Trąby coat of arms, was a Polish Roman Catholic priest, Royal Notary from 1390, Deputy Chancellor of the Crown 1403–12, bishop of Halicz 1410–12, archbishop of Gniezno from 1412, and first primate of Poland 1417–22.

Pope Martin V
Pope Martin V (Latin: Martinus V; Italian: Martino V; January/February 1369 – 20 February 1431), born Oddone Colonna, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 11 November 1417 to his death in February 1431. His election effectively ended the Western Schism of 1378–1417. As of 2026, he remains the last pope to have taken the pontifical name "Martin".
Tensaw virus
Tensaw virus is a virus in the genus Orthobunyavirus of the Bunyamwera arbovirus group.  It is named for the river bordering the area in south Alabama where the prototype strain was discovered.  It is abbreviated TEN, TENV, and TSV in the scientific literature.

Orthobunyavirus
Orthobunyavirus is a genus of the Peribunyaviridae family in the order Elliovirales. The genus contains 138 species.

The name Orthobunyavirus derives from Bunyamwera, Uganda, where Bunyamwera virus was first discovered, along with the prefix orthos (ορθοϛ) meaning 'straight.'
Hyundai Glovis
Hyundai Glovis Co., Ltd. is a logistics company headquartered in Seoul, South Korea and part of the Hyundai Motor Group. Its predecessor company, Hankook Logitech Co. Ltd was formed in February 2001. Hyundai Glovis supplies ocean transportation logistics advice, cargo space, loading/unloading, and packaging services. It changed its name to Hyundai Glovis in June 2003.

Hyundai Motor Group
The Hyundai Motor Group (HMG; IPA: [ˈhjəːndɛ]; stylized as HYUNDAI) is a South Korean chaebol (loosely similar to a multinational conglomerate but without a central holding company or ownership structure) headquartered in Seoul, South Korea.

The HMG also refers to the group of affiliated companies interconnected by complex shareholding arrangements, with Hyundai Motor Company regarded as the de facto representative of the group. It is the third-largest South Korean chaebol, after Samsung and SK Group, related to other Hyundai-name industries following a specialized development split and restructuring which resulted in the creation of Hyundai Motor Group, Hyundai Heavy Industries Group, Hyundai Development Company Group, Hyundai Department Store Group, and Hyundai Marine & Fire Insurance.
El Mongol
Raul Molina (April 7, 1930 – October 6, 2016) was a Mexican-born professional wrestler better known by his ring name of El Mongol. He was most famous in the Georgia territory during the late 1960s and early '70s.

Gorilla Monsoon
Robert James "Gino" Marella (June 4, 1937 – October 6, 1999), better known by his ring name of Gorilla Monsoon, was an American professional wrestler, play-by-play commentator, and booker.

Monsoon is famous for his run as a villainous super-heavyweight main eventer, and later as the voice of the World Wrestling Federation (WWF), as commentator and backstage manager during the 1980s and 1990s. He also portrayed the on-screen role of WWF President from 1995 to 1997.

In professional wrestling, the staging area just behind the entrance curtain at an event, a position which Marella established and where he could often be found during WWF shows late in his career, is named the "Gorilla Position" in his honor.
Ferrensby
Ferrensby is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 187. It is about 3 miles (4.8 km) north-east of Knaresborough and near the A1(M) motorway. Nearby attractions include a balloon centre and a maze.

The origin of the place-name is from Old Norse and probably means "farmstead or village of the man from the Faroe Islands", and appears as Feresbi in the Domesday Book of 1086.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Borough of Harrogate, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

The village has a public house called The General Tarleton which was named after Banastre Tarleton, a British general who fought on the loyalist side during the American War of Independence.

Knaresborough
Knaresborough (/ˈnɛərzbərə/ NAIRZ-bər-ə) is a market and spa town and civil parish on the River Nidd in North Yorkshire, England. It is three miles (five kilometres) east of Harrogate and was in the Borough of Harrogate until April 2023.
Historiography of early Islam
The historiography of early Islam is the secular scholarly literature on the early history of Islam during the 7th century, from Muhammad's first purported revelations in 610 until the disintegration of the Rashidun Caliphate in 661, 
and arguably throughout the 8th century and the duration of the Umayyad Caliphate, terminating in the incipient Islamic Golden Age around the beginning of the 9th century.

Muslims developed methodologies such as the "science of biography" and the "science of hadith" to evaluate the reliability of these narratives, while prominent figures like Ibn Khaldun introduced critical historiographical methods, emphasizing the importance of context and the systematic evaluation of historical data.

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani
Ibn Hajar al Asqalani ( full name: Abu al Fadl Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Muhammad al Kinani). (Arabic: ابن حجر العسقلاني; 18 February 1372 – 2 February 1449),  or simply ibn Ḥajar, was a classic Islamic scholar "whose life work constitutes the final summation of the science of hadith." He authored some 150 works on hadith, history, biography, exegesis, poetry, and the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence, the most valued of which being his commentary of Sahih al-Bukhari, titled Fath al-Bari. He is known by the honorific epithets Hafiz al-Asr "Hafiz of the Time", Shaykh al-Islam "Shaykh of Islam", and Amir al-Mu'minin fi al-Hadith "Commander of the Faithful in Hadith".

He was regarded as the foremost scholar of the fifteenth century across all fields of Islamic law.
Castor Gardens, Philadelphia
Castor Gardens is a neighborhood in the lower Northeast section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Castor Gardens' borders are not clearly defined, but it exists in the vicinity of Castor Avenue and Cottman Avenue. It is also near Roosevelt Boulevard.  The neighborhood can either be entered from the south, by taking the Oxford Circle exit of Roosevelt Boulevard, or from the north, by taking the Cottman Avenue exit. Adjacent neighborhoods are Mayfair, Lawndale, Burholme, Oxford Circle, and Rhawnhurst.

Castor Gardens uses the zip codes 19111 and 19149. Physical boundaries are: Pennway Street to the west, Roosevelt Boulevard to the east, Cottman Avenue on the north, and Van Kirk Avenue on the south.

The area is served by Roosevelt Mall, one of the largest shopping centers in Philadelphia, the Northeast Regional Library branch of the Free Library of Philadelphia, and the District 10 Health Center of the city of Philadelphia.

Roosevelt Mall
Roosevelt Mall is a medium-sized outdoor shopping mall, located along Pennsylvania Route 73 (Cottman Avenue) between Bustleton Avenue west end and U.S. Route 1 (Roosevelt Boulevard) in the east end, or Rhawnhurst neighborhood, of Northeast Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The mall has 45 stores and services.  It is currently anchored by a large, three-level Macy's department store on its east end.  Since 2015, the mall has featured a flea market on Saturdays during the summer.
Left Turn
Left Turn was a bimonthly activist news magazine that focused on international social justice movements. Based in New York City and produced by an all volunteer editorial collective, the magazine promoted anti-imperialism and anti-authoritarianism.

Left Turn had its roots in the anti-capitalist wing of the Global Justice Movement and was founded in the wake of the anti-WTO protests in Seattle in 1999 by a small group of socialists.

The magazine's tagline, "Notes from the Global Intifada", was inspired by the then ongoing Palestinian intifada. The magazine supported grassroots activists with the Palestine Solidarity Movement. The magazine ceased print publication after the August 2011 issue, but continues to operate a website.

Anti-capitalism
Anti-capitalism is a political ideology and movement encompassing a variety of attitudes and ideas that oppose capitalism. Anti-capitalists seek to combat the worst effects of capitalism and to eventually replace capitalism with  alternative economic systems such as socialism and communism.
As-Sawahira ash-Sharqiya
as-Sawahira ash Sharqiya (Arabic: السواحرة الشرقية) or Al-Sawahreh al-Sharqiyeh is a Palestinian town in the Jerusalem Governorate, located 6 kilometers south-east of East Jerusalem in the West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), as-Sawahira ash Sharqiya had a population of 6,204 inhabitants in 2017. as-Sawahira ash Sharqiya shares the facilities, particularly schools and health amenities of the villages of Jabal Mukaber and ash-Sheikh Sa'd. The healthcare facilities for as-Sawahira ash Sharqiya are designated as Ministry of Health level 2.

Dunam
A dunam (Ottoman Turkish, Arabic: دونم; Turkish: dönüm; Hebrew: דונם; Yiddish: דונאם), also known as a donum or dunum and as the old, Turkish, or Ottoman stremma, was the Ottoman unit of area analogous in role (but not equal) to the Greek stremma or English acre, representing the amount of land that could be ploughed by a team of oxen in a day. The legal definition was "forty standard paces in length and breadth", but its actual area varied considerably from place to place, from a little more than 900 square metres [9,690 sq ft] in Ottoman Palestine to around 2,500 square metres [26,910 square feet] in Iraq.

The unit is still in use in many areas previously ruled by the Ottomans, although the new or metric dunam has been redefined as exactly one decare (1,000 square metres [10,760 square feet]), which is 1/10 hectare (1/10 × 10,000 square metres [107,640 square feet]), like the modern Greek royal stremma.
Mental health in the Philippines
Mental health in the Philippines is the survey of the status of psychological, psychiatric, and emotional healthcare in the country.

Beliefs about mental illness in the Philippines have evolved from precolonial views of supernatural causes (requiring intervention from a babaylan or folk healer) to the introduction of institutional care with the Spanish colonization.

Department of Social Welfare and Development
The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Kagalingan at Pagpapaunlad Panlipunan) is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for the protection of the social welfare of rights of Filipinos and to promote social development.
ÇNAEM
The Çekmece Nuclear Research and Training Center (Turkish: Çekmece Nükleer Araştırma ve Eğitim Merkezi), known as ÇNAEM, is the primary nuclear research and training center of Turkey. The organization was established on March 6, 1958 as a subunit of Turkish Atomic Energy Administration (Turkish: Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu, TAEK) at Küçükçekmece district in the west of Istanbul. The organization's name was coined on August 12, 1960 in conjunction with its location.

The groundbreaking of the facility at the eastern shore of Lake Küçükçekmece to house the country's first nuclear research reactor was held in 1959. After completion of the construction and the start of the operation of the research reactor, the official opening of the center took place on May 27, 1962 in the presence of President Cemal Gürsel.

The center is directed by Ass. Prof. Dr. Gürsel Karahan.

Research reactor
Research reactors are nuclear fission-based nuclear reactors that serve primarily as a neutron source. They are also called non-power reactors, in contrast to power reactors that are used for electricity production, heat generation, or maritime propulsion.
Isaac H. Evans
Isaac H. Evans, originally Boyd N. Sheppard, is a two-masted schooner berthed in Rockland, Maine.  She is a Maine windjammer, serving the tourist trade.  Built in 1886 in Mauricetown, New Jersey, she is the oldest of a small number of surviving oyster schooners, used in service of the oyster harvesting industry in the coastal waters of New Jersey.  She was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1992.

Oyster schooner
An oyster schooner is a type of traditional fishing boat specifically designed for the harvesting of oysters.  Typically, an oyster schooner was a gaff-rigged two-masted schooner akin to the Dorchester schooner.  They were used in the past in Delaware Bay until a blight killed most of the oysters in that area.  A surviving example is the A.J. Meerwald located in Bivalve, New Jersey.
Tony Martin (artist)
Tony Martin (1937 – March 24, 2021) was an American painter and new media artist known for his groundbreaking light art and viewer interactive sculptures and installations,
and the paintings associated with those works. His six decade painting career includes expressionistic figural work and abstraction developed from his life and environs.

Experiments in Art and Technology
Experiments in Art and Technology (E.A.T.), a non-profit and tax-exempt organization, was established in 1967 to develop collaborations between artists and engineers. The group operated by facilitating person-to-person contacts between artists and engineers, rather than defining a formal process for cooperation. E.A.T. initiated and carried out projects that expanded the role of the artist in contemporary society and helped explore the separation of the individual from technological change.
Battle of Tétouan
The Battle of Tétouan (Arabic: معركة تطوان, Spanish: Batalla de Tetuán) was fought from 4 to 6 February 1860, near Tétouan, Morocco, between a Spanish Army sent to North Africa and the tribal levies which at the time made up the Moroccan Army. The battle was part of the Hispano–Moroccan War of 1859–1860.

Juan Prim
Juan Prim y Prats, 1st Count of Reus, 1st Marquis of los Castillejos, 1st Viscount of Bruch (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxwam ˈpɾin i ˈpɾats]; Catalan: Joan Prim i Prats [ʒuˈam ˈpɾim i ˈpɾats]; 6 December 1814 – 30 December 1870) was a Spanish general and statesman who was briefly Prime Minister of Spain until his assassination.