hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samuel Bell (California politician)
Samuel Bell (fl. 1850s) was an American political figure from Mariposa County, California. He served as a Democrat in the California State Assembly in 1853 and was Controller of California from 1854 to 1856, during which time he changed his party to the Know Nothing Party.

California State Controller
The state controller of California is a constitutional office in the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of California. Thirty-three individuals have held the office of state controller since statehood. The incumbent is Malia Cohen, a Democrat. The state controller's main office is located at 300 Capitol Mall in Sacramento.
Netherlands in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2018
The Netherlands was represented at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2018 which took place in Minsk, Belarus on 25 November 2018. The Dutch broadcaster AVROTROS was responsible for the organisation of their representative at the contest. Their entry was selected through the national selection Junior Songfestival 2018, which had four songs. For the first time in the history of Junior Songfestival, the competing songs were written fully by famous Dutch musicians.

Netherlands in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2017
The Netherlands participated in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2017 which took place in Tbilisi, Georgia on 26 November 2017. The Dutch broadcaster AVROTROS is responsible for the organisation of their representative at the contest. Their entry was selected through the national selection Junior Songfestival 2017. It consisted of six contestants who were divided into two semifinals, having been broadcast on 2 & 9 September 2017. The final was broadcast on 16 September 2017. The boy band Fource, a quartet consisting of the four boys Jannes, Niels, Max and Ian, were selected as the winners of the national selection. Their song for the contest, "Love Me", was released on 6 October 2017.
Dicellophilus limatus
Dicellophilus limatus is a species of soil centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is the type species for the genus Dicellophilus. This species features 45 pairs of legs, the maximum number observed in this genus, and can reach 60 mm or more in length. This species is found in California. This centipede is one of only four species in the family Mecistocephiladae found in North America.

Mecistocephalidae
Mecistocephalidae is a monophyletic family of centipedes in the order Geophilomorpha. This family is the only family in the monotypic suborder Placodesmata. Most species in this family live in tropical or subtropical regions, but some occur in temperate regions. This family is the third most diverse in the order Geophiliomorpha (after Geophilidae and Schendylidae), with about 170 species, including about 130 species in the genus Mecistocephalus.
Spanish Town, British Virgin Islands
Spanish Town on southern Virgin Gorda is the second largest town (after Road Town) on the British Virgin Islands. Also known as Valley, Spanish Town offers numerous shopping possibilities. The heart of the town is its Yacht Harbor marina, with many bareboat sailing activities every day. It has its own airport and a ferry service is in operation from here to Road Town on Tortola and Trellis Bay on Beef Island. Overall, though, Spanish Town is small, with few bars and a relaxed atmosphere.
The national park "The Baths" is located south of Spanish Town.

Road Town
Road Town, located on Tortola, is the capital and largest town of the British Virgin Islands. It is situated on the horseshoe-shaped Road Harbour in the centre of the island's south coast. The population was about 15,000 in 2018.

The name is derived from the nautical term "the roads", a place less sheltered than a harbour but which ships can easily get to. A 28 hectares (69 acres) development called Wickham's Cay, consisting of two areas that were reclaimed from the sea and a marina, have enabled Road Town to emerge as a haven for yacht chartering and a centre of tourism. This area is the newest part of the city and the hub for the new commercial and administrative buildings of the BVI. The oldest building in Road Town, HM Prison on Main Street, was built in 1774.
2014 Rally de Portugal
The 2014 Rally de Portugal was the fourth round of the 2014 World Rally Championship season. The event was based in Faro, Portugal, and started on 3 April and finished on 6 April after sixteen special stages, totaling 339.5 competitive kilometres, including a street stage in Lisbon on 3 April.

WRC Champion Sébastien Ogier won the Rally de Portugal for the fourth time, taking his third victory of the 2014 season.

Rally de Portugal
The Rally de Portugal (formerly: Rallye de Portugal) is a rally competition held in Portugal. First held in 1967, the seventh running of the race, the 7º TAP Rallye de Portugal was the third event in the inaugural FIA World Rally Championship in 1973. The rally remained on the WRC calendar for the next 29 years, and after being dropped for 2002–2006, the event returned to Portugal in 2007. During the 1970s, 1980s and early 1990s, Rally de Portugal was a mixed event between asphalt and gravel. Currently it is an all-gravel event.

Rally de Portugal has been awarded "The Best Rally in the World" five times and in 2000 "The Most Improved Rally of the Year". The most successful driver in the history of the rally is Sébastien Ogier, who has won the event seven times (2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2017, 2024 and 2025).
Nicefor Czernichowski
Nicefor Chernichowski (also known as Jaxa-Czernichowski and Czernihowski; Russian: Никифор Романович Черниговский; died 1675) was a Polish noble who was exiled to Siberia over the course of the Smolensk War. In 1665, he murdered the voivode of Ilimsk for raping his daughter, and fled to the Amur where he reoccupied the ruins of Albazin and gathered a band of supporters, forming the state of Jaxa.

Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.

From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) per year. The period includes the upheavals of the transition from the Rurik to the Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire. During the Great Northern War, he implemented substantial reforms and proclaimed the Russian Empire after victory over Sweden in 1721.
Jessica Sigsworth
Jessica Lucy Sigsworth (born 13 October 1994) is an English former professional footballer who played as a striker for Manchester United, Sheffield United, Notts County, Doncaster Rovers Belles and Leicester City, and has represented England at numerous youth levels.

Sigsworth won the Golden Boot award for most goals scored during the 2017–18 FA WSL 2 season and the 2018–19 FA Women's Championship.

Women's League Cup
The Women's League Cup, also known as the Subway Women's League Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a league cup competition in English women's association football. The competition was originally open to the eight teams in the FA WSL, but since the WSL's restructuring to two divisions, it has featured 23 teams. Prior to this it was known as the FA WSL Cup. Following the completed takeover by Women's Professional Leagues Limited (WPLL), the cup is now referred to as the Women's League Cup.

Fourteen editions have been played, with Arsenal being the most successful club with seven titles.

Following a successful use of the VAR (Video Assistant Referee) and Goal line technology in the 2023 Womens FA Cup final, they were used for the first time in the competions history in the 2024 final and both have been used in the finals since.
JWH-196
JWH-196 is a synthetic cannabinoid receptor ligand from the naphthylmethylindole family. It is the indole 2-methyl derivative of related compound JWH-175, and the carbonyl reduced analog of JWH-007. The binding affinity of JWH-196 for the CB1 receptor is reported as Ki = 151 ± 18 nM.

In the United States, all CB1 receptor agonists of the 3-(1-naphthylmethane)indole class such as JWH-196 are Schedule I Controlled Substances.

Indole
Indole is an organic compound with the formula  C6H4CCNH3.  Indole is classified as an aromatic heterocycle. It has a bicyclic structure, consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused to a five-membered pyrrole ring. Indoles are derivatives of indole where one or more of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by substituent groups.  Indoles are widely distributed in nature, most notably as amino acid tryptophan and neurotransmitter serotonin.. In plants, IAA is a common plant hormone which is a derivative of Indole.
1991 Big South Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1991 Big South Conference men's basketball tournament took place February 28 – March 2, 1991, at the Civic Center of Anderson in Anderson, South Carolina. For the second time in their school history, Coastal Carolina won the tournament, led by head coach Russ Bergman. The Chanticleers advanced to face Jackson State in a play-in game for the right to advance to the 1991 NCAA tournament. Coastal Carolina defeated Jackson State, 78–59, to secure the Big South Conference's first ever bid to the NCAA tournament (the conference tournament's winner did not receive an automatic bid from 1986 to 1990), and their first tournament bid in school history.

Anderson, South Carolina
Anderson is a city in and the county seat of Anderson County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 28,106 at the 2020 census, making it the 16th-most populous city in South Carolina. It is one of the principal cities in the Greenville-Anderson-Greer, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 975,480 in 2023. It is included in the larger Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 1,590,636 in 2023.

It is just off Interstate 85 and is 120 miles (190 km) from Atlanta and 140 miles (230 km) from Charlotte. Anderson is the smallest of the three primary cities that make up the Upstate region, and is nicknamed the "Electric City" and the "Friendliest City in South Carolina". A 38-foot tall Confederate Memorial currently resides prominently in the center of downtown Anderson.
Cedric Adams
Cedric Adams (May 27, 1902 – February 18, 1961) was an American broadcaster, well known in the Midwestern United States from the 1930s until his death. He was inducted into the Pavek Museum of Broadcasting's Hall of Fame in 2002. Throughout the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, Adams was the "best known voice" in the upper Midwest.

Pavek Museum of Broadcasting
The Pavek Museum is a museum in St. Louis Park, Minnesota, that has one of the world's most significant collections of vintage radio and television equipment. It originated in the collection of Joe Pavek, who began collecting unique radios while he was an instructor at the Dunwoody Institute in 1946. Students then were given old radios to disassemble, and Pavek was concerned about what might be destroyed in the process.
Wong Choong Hann
Wong Choong Hann AMN (simplified Chinese: 黄综翰; traditional Chinese: 黃綜翰; pinyin: Huáng Zònghàn; born 17 February 1977) is a Malaysian former badminton player. He was the first Malaysian to win a medal in the men's singles event at the BWF World Championships. He resigned as the coaching director for the Malaysia national badminton team in June 2023.

BWF Super Series
The BWF Super Series was a series of Grade 2 badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). It was launched on December 14, 2006, and implemented in 2007.

Since 2011, the Super Series includes two levels of tournament, Super Series Premier and Super Series. A season of Super Series featured twelve tournaments around the world, including five of them classified as Super Series Premier. Super Series Premier tournament offers higher ranking point and higher minimum total prize money. Top eight players/pairs in each discipline in Super Series standings are invited to the Super Series Finals held at the year end.

BWF announced a new tournament structure in March 2017, BWF World Tour together with the new hosts for the 2018–2021 cycle to replace this Super Series tournament.
2004 ITF Jounieh Open
The 2004 ITF Jounieh Open was a tennis tournament played on Clay courts. It was the 1st edition of the ITF Jounieh Open, and was part of the $50,000 tournaments of the 2004 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Jounieh, Lebanon, from September 21–26, 2004. The total prize money offered at this tournament was US$50,000.

ITF Jounieh Open
The ITF Jounieh Open (also known as the Jounieh Challenger) is a tournament for female professional tennis players played on outdoor clay courts, classified as a $100k ITF Women's Circuit event. It is held annually in Jounieh, Lebanon, since 2003. The event was cancelled in 2006 and from 2011 due to sponsorship reasons.
Texas ratio
The Texas ratio is a metric used to assess the extent of a bank's credit problems.

Developed by Gerard Cassidy and others at RBC Capital Markets, it is calculated by dividing the value of the lender's non-performing assets (NPL + Real Estate Owned) by the sum of its tangible common equity capital and loan loss reserves.

While analyzing Texas banks during the early 1980s recession, Cassidy observed that banks typically failed when this ratio reached 1:1, or 100%. He later identified a similar pattern among New England banks during the early 1990s recession.

Non-performing loan
A non-performing loan (NPL) is a  bank loan that is subject to late repayment or is unlikely to be repaid by the borrower in full. Non-performing loans represent a major challenge for the banking sector, as they reduce  profitability. They are often claimed to prevent banks from lending more to businesses and consumers, which in turn slows economic growth, although this theory is disputed.

In the European Union, the management of the NPLs resulting from the 2008 financial crisis has become a politically sensitive topic, culminating in 2017 with the decision by the European Council to task the European Commission to launch an action plan to tackle NPLs. The action plan supports the fostering of a secondary market for NPLs and the creation of Asset Management Companies (aka bad banks). In December 2020, this action plan was revised in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis.
Tell Abyad
Tell Abyad also spelled Tal Abyad, is a town in northern Syria. It is the administrative center of the Tell Abyad District within the Raqqa Governorate. Located along the Balikh River, it constitutes a divided city with the bordering city of Akçakale in Turkey.

Deir ez-Zor
Deir ez-Zor (Arabic: دَيْرُ ٱلزَّوْرِ / دَيْرُ ٱلزُّور, romanized: Dayru z-Zawr / Dayru z-Zūr) is the largest city in eastern Syria and the seventh largest in the country. Located on the banks of the Euphrates 450 km (280 mi) to the northeast of the capital Damascus, Deir ez-Zor is the capital of the Deir ez-Zor Governorate. In the 2018 census, it had a population of 271,800.
Pain in babies
Pain in babies, and whether babies feel pain, has been a subject of debate within the medical profession for centuries. Prior to the late nineteenth century it was generally considered that babies hurt more easily than adults. It was only in the last quarter of the 20th century that scientific techniques finally established babies definitely do experience pain – probably more than adults – and developed reliable means of assessing and of treating it. In the 1980s, it was widely believed by medical professionals that babies could not feel pain, with medical procedures such as surgeries being regularly performed without anesthesia.

Stress hormone
Stress hormones are secreted by endocrine glands to modify one's internal environment during times of stress.  By performing various functions such as mobilizing energy sources, increasing heart rate, and downregulating metabolic processes which are not immediately necessary, stress hormones promote the survival of the organism.  The secretions of some hormones are also downplayed during stress. Some of the better known stress hormones are:

Cortisol, the main human stress hormone

Catecholamines such as adrenaline and norepinephrine

Vasopressin

Growth hormone
Hill Art Foundation
Hill Art Foundation is a public exhibition and education space located in Chelsea, Manhattan, New York City. The foundation, founded by J. Tomilson and Janine Hill, opened to the public in February 2019. Located on 10th Avenue and West 24th Street in Peter Marino's Getty Building, the 650 m2 (7,000 sq ft) space exhibits works from the Hill Art Foundation collection as well as works on loan. The Foundation is free and open to the public and will offer educational programming for the public as well as for New York City high school students.

Getty Residences
The Getty Residences (previously known as "Getty Station" or "Sheep Station") is a high-end luxury condominium located on the corner of 10th Avenue and 24th Street in Chelsea, Manhattan, New York City. It was originally a Getty Oil gas station and was turned into a public art display (known as "Sheep Station") in 2013 after being purchased by developer Michael Shvo. It featured a display of Lalanne mouton sculptures created by François-Xavier Lalanne which were from Shvo's personal collection. It was also considered the largest display of such sculptures by Lalanne.
Operation Trikora
Operation Trikora (Indonesian: Operasi Trikora, abbreviation of "Tri Komando Rakyat") was a combined Soviet–Indonesian military operation which aimed to seize and annex the Dutch overseas territory of New Guinea in 1961 and 1962. After negotiations, the Netherlands signed the New York Agreement with Indonesia on 15 August 1962, relinquishing control of Western New Guinea to the United Nations.

Subandrio
Subandrio (15 September 1914 – 3 July 2004) was an Indonesian politician Foreign Minister and First Deputy Prime Minister of Indonesia under President Sukarno. Removed from office following the failed 1965 coup, he spent 29 years in prison.

The spelling "Subandrio" has been official in Indonesia since 1947 but the older spelling Soebandrio is still sometimes used.
Jackpine Remnant Provincial Park
Jackpine Remnant Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, in the area of the community of Fort Nelson.  The park, which is 148 hectares (370 acres) in area, protects one of the few remaining jackpine stands in the Fort Nelson area. The park is near the crossing of BC Highway 77 (Fort Nelson-Fort Simpson, Northwest Territories highway) over the Fort Nelson River, northwest of the town.

Fort Nelson River
The Fort Nelson River, often shortened to simply the  Nelson River, is in north-eastern British Columbia, Canada. It flows 517 kilometres (321 mi) generally north-westward to the Liard River, a tributary of the Mackenzie River, which empties into the Arctic Ocean. The river drains a watershed of 55,900 square kilometres (21,600 sq mi) and is formed by the confluence of the Fontas River flowing from the east, and the Sikanni Chief River flowing from the south. These, along with the Sahtaneh and Muskwa Rivers, constitute the major tributaries. The source of the Sikanni Chief, on the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains, is ultimately the headwater of the Fort Nelson River.

The land through which the river flows is generally flat, a mixture of boreal forests and muskeg. The area is rich in wildlife, and forestry and mining (especially oil and gas) are major industries.
Bighorn Fire
The Bighorn Fire was a wildfire in the Santa Catalina Mountains north of Tucson, Arizona. It burned 119,987 acres (48,557 ha) until it was finally put out on July 23, 2020. A lightning strike from a storm at 9:46 PM on June 5, 2020 caused the fire. The fire was named after the bighorn sheep that inhabit the area.

The fire threatened hundreds of homes and multiple evacuations occurred. The first evacuations occurred in the Catalina Foothills neighborhood in Northern Tucson. The following day, residents in the Oro Valley section of the Catalina Foothills were ordered to evacuate. On June 16, Mount Lemmon and Summerhaven were evacuated. The length of the burn was attributed to rough mountainous terrain and inaccessibility. Additionally, the dry hot weather of the area made it even more difficult to fight the fire. The first storms of Tucson’s monsoon season are credited with helping emergency crews get the fire under control and to eventually put it out.

Mount Lemmon
Mount Lemmon, with a summit elevation of 9,171 feet (2,795 m), is the highest point in the Santa Catalina Mountains. It is located in the Coronado National Forest north of Tucson, Arizona, United States. Mount Lemmon was named for botanist Sara Plummer Lemmon, who trekked to the top of the mountain with her husband and E. O. Stratton, a local rancher, by horse and foot in 1881. Mount Lemmon is also known as Babad Do'ag, or Frog Mountain to the Tohono O'odham. It is home to the southernmost ski destination in the continental United States.
New York State Route 33A
New York State Route 33A (NY 33A) is an east–west state highway mostly located in Monroe County, New York, in the United States. The route is just over 17 miles (27 km) long and serves as an alternate route of NY 33 between the town of Bergen in Genesee County and the city of Rochester in Monroe County. While NY 33 heads to Rochester by way of Churchville and northern Gates, NY 33A dips south to pass through Chili and southern Gates. NY 33A was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York, but only from Riga to Rochester. It was extended westward to its current terminus in Bergen c. 1932.

Bergen (village), New York
Bergen (/ˈbɜːrdʒən/ BUR-jən) is a village in Genesee County, New York, United States. The population was 1,176 at the 2010 census.

The village lies on the eastern edge of the town of Bergen. The village is north of the junction of Routes 19 and 33.
Wynberg (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Wynberg was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1929 to 1994. It covered parts of the southern suburbs of Cape Town, centred on its namesake suburb of Wynberg. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.