hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lake Vereteno
Lake Vereteno is a narrow glacial lake, 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km; 1.7 mi) long, located in the northeast part of Breidnes Peninsula, Vestfold Hills in Princess Elizabeth Land of Antarctica. The lake is approximately 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km; 1.7 mi) south of Luncke Ridge.

The lake was first photographed by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47), and subsequently by ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) (1954–58), and the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1956). It was named Ozero Veretenu (Spindle Lake) by the latter.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Lake Vereteno". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Luncke Ridge
Luncke Ridge (68°29′S 78°25′E﻿ / ﻿68.483°S 78.417°E﻿ / -68.483; 78.417) is a fairly prominent ridge on the northern side of the eastern extremity of Langnes Fjord in the Vestfold Hills of Antarctica. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37. The ridge was seen in 1957 by an Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions party and named for Bernhard Luncke, a Norwegian cartographer who plotted the Vestfold Hills area for the Hansen Atlas.
Swedish Standard Industrial Classification
The Swedish Standard Industrial Classification, commonly referred to as SNI, is a Swedish industry standard economic classification system, consisting of a hierarchy of codes that are up to 6-digits long.

The SNI standard is modeled on the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community, commonly referred to as NACE. The most recent version of the SNI standard is SNI 2007, which corresponds to NACE Revision 2. The SNI standard is maintained by Statistics Sweden (also known as SCB), a Swedish government office.

Industry classification
Industry classification or industry taxonomy is a type of economic taxonomy that classifies companies, organizations and traders into industrial groupings based on similar production processes, similar products, or similar behavior in financial markets.

National and international statistical agencies use various industry-classification schemes to summarize economic conditions. Securities analysts use such groupings to track common forces acting on groups of companies, to compare companies' performance to that of their peers, and to construct either specialized or diversified portfolios.
Bozüyükspor
Bozüyükspor is a Turkish sports club founded in 1973 and is currently playing in the Regional Amateur League. Their colors are navy blue and white. They play their home matches in Bozüyük Şehir Stadı in Bozüyük, Bilecik Province. The club is a brother team of Eskişehirspor because Bozüyük is just 40 km away from Eskişehir and is bounded economically to them. Their highest achievement so far is that they played in the old Second League in the 1991–92 season.

Bozüyük
Bozüyük (Turkish: [ˈbozyjyc]) is a city in Bilecik Province in the Marmara region of Turkey. It is the seat of Bozüyük District. Its population is 71,806 (2021), making it the second most populous municipality in the province after Bilecik. Bozüyük depends economically on Eskişehir. The town is 32 km away from Bilecik and 45 km away from Eskişehir. It consists of 10 quarters: Çarşı, Kasımpaşa, Tekke, Yeni, Yediler, 4 Eylül, Yeşilkent, Içköy, Akpınar and Yenidoğan.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1690
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1690, adopted unanimously on June 20, 2006, after reaffirming previous resolutions on East Timor (Timor-Leste), particularly resolutions 1599 (2005) and 1677 (2006), the Council renewed the mandate of the United Nations Office in Timor-Leste (UNOTIL) for two months until August 20, 2006.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1599
United Nations Security Council resolution 1599, adopted unanimously on 28 April 2005, after reaffirming previous resolutions on East Timor (Timor-Leste), particularly resolutions 1543 (2004) and 1573 (2004), the council established the United Nations Office in Timor-Leste (UNOTIL) to follow on from the United Nations Mission of Support to East Timor (UNMISET) as a special political mission for one year until 20 May 2006.

The resolution authorised a peacebuilding, rather than peacekeeping mandate for UNOTIL.
Fuad Shatara
Fuad Isa Shatara (1892 – January 8, 1942) (Arabic: فؤاد عيسى شطارة) was a Palestinian-American physician known for his advocacy on behalf of the Palestinian cause in the United States. He was based in Brooklyn, New York and served as president of the Arab National League.

Palestinian Americans
Palestinian Americans (Arabic: فلسطينيو أمريكا, romanized: Filasṭīnīyū Amrīkā) are Americans who are of full or partial Palestinian descent.

There are around 160,000 Palestinian Americans according to the 2023 American Community Survey, making up around 0.05% of the U.S. population.

The Palestinian community is concentrated in the Chicago, New York City, Philadelphia, Houston, and Detroit metropolitan areas, with other populations in the Los Angeles and San Francisco metropolitan areas. Some Palestinians have emigrated to smaller metropolitan or micropolitan/rural areas, such as Gallup, New Mexico, in the late 20th and 21st century.
Daizen-ji
Daizen-ji (大善寺) is a Buddhist temple belonging to the Shingon school of Japanese Buddhism, located in the city of Kōshū, Yamanashi, Japan. Its main image is a hibutsu statue of Yakushi Nyōrai, shown to the public every five years,

Important Cultural Property (Japan)
An Important Cultural Property (重要文化財, jūyō bunkazai) is an item officially classified as Tangible Cultural Property by the Japanese government's Agency for Cultural Affairs (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) and judged to be of particular importance to the history, arts, and culture of the Japanese people.
2000 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens
The 2000 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens was the 34th edition of the Grote Prijs Jef Scherens cycle race and was held on 3 September 2000. The race started and finished in Leuven. The race was won by Dave Bruylandts.

Tour of Leuven
Tour of Leuven - Memorial Jef Scherens (until 2021 Grote Prijs Jef Scherens) is a single-day road bicycle race held annually in September in Leuven, Belgium. Since 2005, the race is organized as a 1.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour. The race is named after the seven-time professional sprint world champion Jef Scherens.

The local city circuit from the 2021 UCI Road World Championships, hosted in Leuven, was largely based on the circuit that is ridden during the Grote Prijs Jef Scherens.
International Football Hall of Fame (Manchester)
The International Football Hall of Fame, also known by its acronym as IFHoF, was a short-lived hall of fame in Manchester for professional footballers from all over the world. It was football's first organized hall of fame.

Soccer Hall of Fame (Pachuca)
The Soccer Hall of Fame, (known as Salón de la Fama del Fútbol in spanish) is a football museum and FIFA's hall of fame for professional footballers from Mexico and from all over the world. It is located in Pachuca, Mexico. The Hall of Fame includes two sections: Mexican and international football. It is currently the only official FIFA-recognized hall of fame.
Jonathan Urretaviscaya
Jonathan Matías Urretaviscaya da Luz (born 19 March 1990) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a right winger for Montevideo Wanderers.

He spent most of his career in his homeland – with five stints at Peñarol – and in Mexico, where he won the CONCACAF Champions League with Pachuca and Monterrey. In Europe, he had a brief spell at Deportivo de La Coruña in La Liga and played for three teams in Portugal's Primeira Liga, including Benfica.

Urretaviscaya earned six caps for Uruguay, competing at the 2018 World Cup.

2017 FIFA Club World Cup
The 2017 FIFA Club World Cup (officially known as the FIFA Club World Cup UAE 2017 presented by Alibaba Cloud for sponsorship reasons) was the 14th edition of the FIFA Club World Cup, a FIFA-organised international club football tournament between the winners of the six continental confederations, as well as the host nation's league champions. The tournament was hosted by the United Arab Emirates.

Real Madrid were the defending champions. They qualified for the tournament as the winners of the 2016–17 UEFA Champions League, becoming the first defending champions to qualify for the subsequent tournament, and after defeating Grêmio 1–0 in the final, became the first team to successfully defend the title.
Judiciary of Serbia
The judiciary of Serbia (Serbian: правосуђе Србије, romanized: pravosuđe Srbije) is a branch of the government of Serbia that interprets and applies the laws of Serbia, ensuring equal justice under law, and providing a mechanism for dispute resolution. The legal system of Serbia is a civil law system, historically influenced by Germanic and, to a lesser degree, French law, as well as Yugoslav law, but in the process of the accession of Serbia to the European Union, the legal system is being completely harmonised with European Union law. The Constitution of Serbia provides for an independent judiciary, led by the Supreme Court. The Ministry of Justice handles the administration of judiciary, including paying salaries and constructing new courthouses, as well as administering the prison system.

Constitution of Serbia
The current Constitution of the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: Устав Републике Србије, romanized: Ustav Republike Srbije), also known as Mitrovdan Constitution (Serbian: Митровдански устав, romanized: Mitrovdanski ustav), is the supreme and basic law of Serbia. It was adopted in 2006, replacing the previous constitution dating from 1990.
Bederkesa (Samtgemeinde)
Bederkesa is a former Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Cuxhaven, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat was in the village Bad Bederkesa. It was disbanded in January 2015, when its member municipalities merged into the new municipality Geestland.

The Samtgemeinde Bederkesa consisted of the following municipalities:

Bad Bederkesa

Drangstedt

Elmlohe

Flögeln

Köhlen

Kührstedt

Lintig

Ringstedt

Geestland
Geestland (German pronunciation: [ˈɡeːstlant]) is a town in the district of Cuxhaven, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It was formed on 1 January 2015 by the merger of the former municipalities of Langen bei Bremerhaven, Bad Bederkesa, Drangstedt, Elmlohe, Flögeln, Köhlen, Kührstedt, Lintig and Ringstedt.
Are You Sure? (TV series)
Are You Sure?!  (Korean: 이게 맞아?!; RR: ige maja?!; lit. 'Is This Right?!') is a South Korean reality television series created by Hybe and Disney+, starring members of Korean boy group BTS, Jimin and Jung Kook. The eight-episode first season premiered on August 8, 2024, on Disney+, and features the two taking a break from their busy lives and traveling to Connecticut, Jeju Island, and Sapporo to spend days together for fun, food, and activities before they enlist in the military.

A second season, premiering on December 3, 2025, follows Jimin and Jung Kook as they spend 12 days in Switzerland and Vietnam with special missions and games. This season also contains eight episodes, with six in Zermatt and Zurich and two in Da Nang.

Big Hit Music releases photo books for both seasons.

Big Hit Music
Big Hit Music (Korean: 빅히트 뮤직, stylized in all caps), formerly Big Hit Entertainment (Korean: 빅히트 엔터테인먼트), is a South Korean record label established in 2005 by Bang Si-hyuk. It was re-branded and re-structured into an independent label under Hybe Corporation (formerly Big Hit Entertainment Co., Ltd.) in March 2021. As of date, the label is home to soloist Lee Hyun, and boy groups BTS, Tomorrow X Together, and Cortis. It previously managed soloist Lim Jeong-hee, and groups 8Eight, 2AM, and co-managed Glam.
Hořava
Hořava (feminine: Hořavová) is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Miloslav Hořava (born 1961), Czech ice hockey coach and player

Miloslav Hořava (ice hockey, born 1982), Czech ice hockey player

Pavel Hořava (born 1956), Czech politician

Petr Hořava (physicist) (born 1963), Czech physicist and string theorist

Petr Hořava (ice hockey) (born 1985), Czech ice hockey player

Tomáš Hořava (born 1988), Czech football player

There are also several physical concepts named after the physicist Petr Hořava:

Hořava–Lifshitz gravity

Hořava–Witten domain wall

Czech name
Czech names are composed of a given name and a family name (surname). Czechs typically get one given name – additional names may be chosen by themselves upon baptism but they generally use one. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname.
Louw Wepener
Lourens Jacobus (Louw) Wepener was born on 21 July 1812. He was the son of a German immigrant – Frederick Jacobus Wepener – and a Cape Colony woman – Johanna Maria Erasmus. Wepener was born in Graaf-Reinet and lived with his uncle – Lourens. He was christened by Reverend Andrew Murray of the Dutch Reformed Church. Wepener was first married to Hester Susanna Nel and then later to Hilletje Maria Levina Van Aardt. He had nine children with his second wife.

Moshoeshoe I
Moshoeshoe I (/mʊˈʃwɛʃwɛ/) (c. 1786 – 11 March 1870) was the first king of Lesotho. He was the first son of Mokhachane, a minor chief of the Bamokoteli lineage, a branch of the Bakoena (crocodile) clan. In his youth, he helped his father gain power over some other smaller clans. In 1820, at the age of 34, Moshoeshoe succeeded his father as the Bamokoteli chief and formed his own clan. He and his followers settled at the Butha-Buthe Mountain. He became the first and ultimately longest-serving King of Lesotho in 1822.
May (poem)
"May", "May Month" or "The Month of May", known in Welsh as "Mis Mai", is a 14th-century Welsh poem in the form of a cywydd by Dafydd ap Gwilym, widely seen as the greatest of the Welsh poets.  The poem celebrates May, and specifically May Day, as the beginning of summer, the season in which the poet can make assignations to woo young women in the woods, though since the woods of May are only one part of Creation his praise of them also involves praise of God.  It was included by Thomas Parry in his Oxford Book of Welsh Verse.

Rachel Bromwich
Rachel Bromwich (30 July 1915 – 15 December 2010), born Rachel Sheldon Amos, was a British scholar. Her focus was on medieval Welsh literature, and she taught Celtic Languages and Literature in the Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic at the University of Cambridge, from 1945 to 1976. Among her most important contributions to the study of Welsh literature is Trioedd Ynys Prydein, her edition of the Welsh Triads.
Plasmolysis
Plasmolysis is the process in which cells lose water in a hypertonic solution. The reverse process, deplasmolysis or cytolysis, can occur if the cell is in a hypotonic solution resulting in a lower external osmotic pressure and a net flow of water into the cell. Through observation of plasmolysis and deplasmolysis, it is possible to determine the tonicity of the cell's environment as well as the rate solute molecules cross the cellular membrane.

Osmotic pressure
Osmotic pressure is the minimum pressure which needs to be applied to a solution to prevent the inward flow of its pure solvent across a semipermeable membrane. Potential osmotic pressure is the maximum osmotic pressure that could develop in a solution if it was not separated from its pure solvent by a semipermeable membrane.

Osmosis occurs when two solutions containing different concentrations of solute are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. Solvent molecules pass preferentially through the membrane from the low-concentration solution to the solution with higher solute concentration. The transfer of solvent molecules will continue until osmotic equilibrium is attained.
Soul Demise
Soul Demise is a German melodic death metal band from Neumarkt in Bavaria, founded in 1993 as Inhuman. Their musical style is mainly influenced by the Swedish band At the Gates and their Gothenburg sound.

Guitarist Andreas Schuhmeier is the only founding member still with the band, which was renamed Soul Demise in 1998.

Despite several member changes Soul Demise has toured with well-known artists such as Vader (1997/98), Krisiun and Soilwork (1998), Immolation and Deströyer 666 (2001), Napalm Death (2002), Illdisposed (2002) and Dismember (2004), and have released some albums which were warmly welcomed by specialist publications.

Their fourth album, Acts of Hate, was released on 17 April 2009.

Deströyer 666
Deströyer 666 is an Australian black/thrash metal band formed in 1994 by vocalist and guitarist K. K. Warslut. The group originated in Melbourne and by 2001 had relocated to Europe. They have released six studio albums. Deströyer 666's lyrical themes deal with blasphemy, nihilism, Nietzsche and warlike subjects.
Trichlorostannate
Trichlorostannate is the inorganic anion with the formula SnCl−3.  It is the chloride adduct of stannous chloride:

SnCl2 + Cl−  →  SnCl−3

The trichlorostannate anion is pyramidal in shape, being similar to trichlorogermanate (GeCl−3) and antimony trichloride.

The anion can be isolated as quaternary ammonium salt and cesium salts.  The compound with the formula K2SnCl4·H2O is a hydrated double salt, consisting of SnCl−3 and Cl−.

Trichlorostannate serves as a ligand in coordination chemistry, illustrated by the complex [Pt(SnCl3)5]3−.

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
Valikabad
Valikabad (Persian: ولیک آباد) is a village in Estarabad-e Jonubi Rural District of the Central District in Gorgan County, Golestan province, Iran. The village is a few kilometers northeast of Gorgan's city limits.

Gorgan
Gorgan (Persian: گرگان; [ɡoɾˈɡɒːn] ⓘ) is a city in the Central District of Gorgan County, Golestan province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It lies approximately 400 km (250 mi) to the northeast of the national capital Tehran, and some 30 km (19 mi) away from the Caspian Sea.
ISO 3166-2:GN
ISO 3166-2:GN is the entry for Guinea in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Guinea, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for two levels of subdivisions:

seven administrative regions and one governorate

33 prefectures

The governorate Conakry is the capital of the country and has special status equal to the administrative regions.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is GN, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Guinea. The second part is either of the following:

one letter: administrative regions and governorate

two letters: prefectures

Conakry
Conakry (/ˈkɒnəkri/ KON-ə-kree, French: [kɔnakʁi]; Susu: Kɔnakiri; N'Ko: ߞߐߣߊߞߙߌ߫, romanized: Kɔnakrí; Fula: 𞤑𞤮𞤲𞤢𞥄𞤳𞤭𞤪𞤭, romanized: Konaakiri) is the capital and largest city of Guinea. A port city, it serves as the economic, financial and cultural centre of Guinea. Its population as of the 2026 Guinea census was 3,407,327.

The population of Conakry is difficult to ascertain. The U.S. Department of State's Bureau of African Affairs has estimated it at 2 million, or one-sixth of the country's population.
German Cricket Federation
The German Cricket Federation (German: Deutscher Cricket Bund e.V.) is the national governing body for cricket in Germany. It is commonly known as the DCB. Its current headquarters is in Buxtehude, Germany. The association is responsible for men's, women's and junior cricket across Germany and oversees six regional cricket associations across the country.

The DCB was created in 1988 in a document signed by eight German cricket clubs. In 1991, the DCB became an Affiliate member of the International Cricket Council. In 1999 it graduated to the level of an Associate, after recommendation by Namibia and Pakistan. It is also a member of the ICC Europe (earlier the European Cricket Council). By May 2021, almost 150 clubs were playing cricket in Germany.

European Cricket Council
The European Cricket Council (ECC) was an international body which oversaw cricket in European countries other than the Test-playing cricketing nation of England, the only European Full Member of the ICC for the duration of the ECC's existence until 2010. Since 2008, ICC Europe, the International Cricket Council region for Europe has succeeded the operations of ECC, akin to ICC East Asia-Pacific and ICC Americas.
LB-1
LB-1 is a binary star system in the constellation Gemini. In 2019, a paper in Nature proposed that the system contained an unusually massive stellar black hole outside of ordinary single stellar evolution parameters. However, analyses in 2020 found the original 2019 conclusion to be incorrect. Some researchers now believe the system consists of a stripped B-type star and a massive rapidly rotating Be star.

Gemini (constellation)
Gemini is one of the constellations of the zodiac and is located in the northern celestial hemisphere.  It was one of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd century AD astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations today. Its name is Latin for twins, and it is associated with the twins Castor and Pollux in Greek mythology. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♊︎).
Arapaho language
Arapaho (endonym: Hinónoʼeitíít), also spelled Arapahoe, is one of the Plains Algonquian languages, closely related to Gros Ventre and other Arapahoan languages. It is spoken by the Arapaho of Wyoming and Oklahoma. Speakers of Arapaho primarily live on the Wind River Indian Reservation in Wyoming, though some have affiliation with the Cheyenne living in western Oklahoma.

Referent
A referent (/ˈrɛfərənt/ REF-ər-ənt) is an entity to which a name – a linguistic expression or other symbol – refers. For example, in the sentence Mary saw me, the referent of the word Mary is the particular person called Mary who is being spoken of, while the referent of the word me is the person uttering the sentence.

Two expressions which have the same referent are said to be co-referential. In the sentence John had his dog with him, for instance, the noun John and the pronoun him are co-referential, since they both refer to the same person (John).
Hans-Jörg Criens
Hans-Jörg Criens (18 December 1960 – 26 December 2019) was a German footballer who played as a striker.

He spent most of his 15-year professional career with Borussia Mönchengladbach, amassing Bundesliga totals of 303 games and 94 goals over the course of 12 seasons.

1991–92 DFB-Pokal
The 1991–92 DFB-Pokal was the 49th season of the annual German football cup competition. After the German reunification in 1990 the football association of eastern Germany, Nordostdeutscher Fußballverband, joined the German Football Association (DFB) on 21 November 1990. Football clubs from eastern Germany thus participated for the first time in the DFB-Pokal. 87 teams competed in the final tournament, which had thus to be extended to seven rounds. It began on 1 August 1991 and ended on 23 May 1992.

As in the year before both pokle semi-finals were draws after 120 minutes. Both games therefore were decided by a penalty shootout as the German Football Association had decided not to hold replays any more. Eventually the final was decided by a penalty shootout, too. Second tier Hannover 96 defeated Borussia Mönchengladbach 4–3 on penalties after 120 goalless minutes. This remains the only time that the cup was won by a team outside the Bundesliga.