hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baleysky District
Baleysky District (Russian: Балейский район) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the southern central part of the krai, and borders Nerchinsky District in the north, Shelopuginsky District in the east, Borzinsky District in the south, and with Olovyanninsky District in the west. The area of the district is 5,000 square kilometers (1,900 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Baley. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 20,500, with the population of Baley accounting for 61.1% of that number.

Borzinsky District
Borzinsky District (Russian: Борзинский район) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the south of the krai, and borders with Olovyanninsky District in the north, Aleksandrovo-Zavodsky District in the east, Zabaykalsky District in the south, and with Ononsky District in the west.  The area of the district is 9,000 square kilometers (3,500 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the town of Borzya. Population: 51,647 (2010 Census); 25,095 (2002 Census); 30,885 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Borzya accounts for 60.8% of the district's total population.
Gajner, Kanpur
Gajner is a town located 37 kilometres from the city of Kanpur in the Kanpur Dehat district of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Gajner is located 11 kilometres from the district headquarters of Kanpur Dehat. Gajner is a connecting link of Kanpur, Ghatampur, Musanagar and Pukhrayan.

Pukhrayan
Pukhrayan is a town and a Municipality in Amrodha Block in Kanpur Dehat district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.  Found to the south-west of Mati on National Highway 25, Pukhrayan is 2 km (1.2 mi) from Bhognipur.
Aluniș, Prahova
Aluniș is a commune in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Aluniș and Ostrovu.

The commune is located in the central part of the county, 18 km (11 mi) northeast of Câmpina and 43 km (27 mi) north of the county seat, Ploiești. It lies on the banks of the Aluniș River, in a hilly area at the foot of the Grohotiș Mountains.

Câmpina
Câmpina (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈkɨmpina]) is a city in Prahova County, Romania, north of the county seat Ploiești, located on the main route between Wallachia and Transylvania. Its existence is first attested in a document of 1503. It is situated in the historical region of Muntenia.
Olifantsfontein
Olifantsfontein, also known as Clayville, is a small town on the East Rand in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. It is located at the north-western corner of the City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality, just north of the Thembisa township. As of the 2011 Census, the town has a population of 14,526 people.

Olifantsfontein is divided into 3 main suburbs, namely Clayville East (the entire area east of the passing Metrorail Line), Clayville Industrial (the entire area south of View Road, with many industrial operations) and Clayville CBD with its extensions (the area north of View Road).

The R562 road (Winnie Madikizela-Mandela Road; formerly Olifantsfontein Road) forms the boundary between Clayville and the Thembisa Township. Clayville also has the Irene Village to the north and Midrand to the west as its neighbours.

East Rand
26°10′38″S 28°13′19″E﻿ / ﻿26.17722°S 28.22194°E﻿ / -26.17722; 28.22194

The East Rand is a major urban area located in the Gauteng province of South Africa. It is the urban eastern part of Witwatersrand that is functionally merged with the Johannesburg conurbation. The region extends from Alberton in the west to Springs in the east, and south down to Nigel. It includes the towns of Bedfordview, Benoni, Boksburg, Brakpan, Edenvale, Germiston, Kempton Park, Linksfield Modderfontein and Thembisa The East Rand is known as the transport hub of Johannesburg and includes Africa's largest and second busiest airport, OR Tambo International Airport.

After the end of apartheid, the municipal governments of the towns of the East Rand were combined (excluding Modderfontein and Linksfield), and eventually merged into a single administration: the City of  Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality.
Vignola-Falesina
Vignola-Falesina is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 128 and an area of 12.0 square kilometres (4.6 mi2).

Vignola-Falesina borders the following municipalities: Frassilongo, Pergine Valsugana and Levico Terme.

Levico Terme
Levico Terme (Levego in local dialect; Löweneck in German;  Cimbrian: Leve) is a comune (municipality) and a town in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. As of 30 June 2012, it had a population of 7,668 and an area of 62.9 square kilometres (24.3 sq mi).
Northern Provinces
The Northern Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "TVL". It includes the South African provinces of Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Limpopo (Northern Province) and North West, together making up an area slightly larger than the former Transvaal Province.

World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions
The World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) is a biogeographical system developed by the international Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) organization, formerly the International Working Group on Taxonomic Databases. The WGSRPD standards, like other standards for data fields in botanical databases, were developed to promote "the wider and more effective dissemination of information about the world's heritage of biological organisms for the benefit of the world at large". The system provides clear definitions and codes for recording plant distributions at four scales or levels, from "botanical continents" down to parts of large countries. The codes may be referred to as TDWG geographical codes. Current users of the system include the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), and Plants of the World Online (POWO).
Miss Grand United States 2025
Miss Grand United States 2025 constituted the 8th edition of the Miss Grand USA national beauty pageant and was convened on 18 August 2025 at the Rio Showroom, located within the Rio Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. The competition featured contestants representing 31 states and regions across the United States, each vying for the national title.

The title was awarded to Ivana García, a 23-year-old model and philanthropist representing the state of Ohio. She was crowned by the outgoing titleholder, Miss Grand United States 2024, Cora Griffen of Georgia. Following her national victory, García represented the United States at the international parent competition, Miss Grand International 2025, which took place on 18 October 2025 in Bangkok, Thailand.

This 2025 edition was directed by Crown Legacy, LLC and produced by Protagonist Live LLC. The event was broadcast live to a global audience through the official YouTube channel of the international organization, Grand TV.

Miss Grand International 2025
Miss Grand International 2025 was the 13th edition of the Miss Grand International pageant, held at the MGI Hall in Bangkok, Thailand, on 18 October 2025.

CJ Opiaza of the Philippines crowned Emma Tiglao of the Philippines as her successor at the end of the event. This marks the first back-to-back victory in Miss Grand International history.

Contestants from seventy-seven countries and territories competed in this edition. The competition was transmitted via the pageant's YouTube channel, GrandTV, and was hosted by Matthew Deane. Miss Grand Thailand 2022, Engfa Waraha, Pitchapa Justice, and Kanlayawan Phet-in performed in this edition.
Paul A. Catlin
Paul Allen Catlin ((1948-06-25)June 25, 1948 – (1995-04-20)April 20, 1995) was a mathematician, professor of mathematics who worked in graph theory and number theory. He wrote a significant paper on the series of chromatic numbers and Brooks' theorem, titled  Hajós graph coloring conjecture: variations and counterexamples.

Béla Bollobás
Béla Bollobás FRS (born 3 August 1943) is a Hungarian-born British mathematician who has worked in various areas of mathematics, including functional analysis, combinatorics, graph theory, and percolation theory. He was strongly influenced by Paul Erdős from the age of 14. He is currently a professor and chair of excellence at the University of Memphis.
2007 World Ringette Championships
The 2007 World Ringette Championships (2007 WRC) was an international ringette tournament and the 8th (VIII) of the World Ringette Championships. The tournament was organized by the International Ringette Federation (IRF) and was contested in Ottawa, Canada, between October 30 and November 3, 2007. The competition took place at the Ottawa Civic Centre which has since been renamed, "TD Place Arena" and was broadcast in Canada by Rogers TV.

Sweden national ringette team
The Sweden national ringette team (Swedish: Svenska Ringettelandslaget), more commonly known as "Team Sweden", is the ringette team representing Sweden internationally. Sweden has both a senior national ringette team and a junior national ringette team. Both Team Sweden Senior and Team Sweden Junior are overseen by the Sweden Ringette Association (SRA), (Swedish: Svenska Ringetteförbundet) and compete in the World Ringette Championships (WRC). The SRA is a member of the International Ringette Federation (IRF). Sweden's first appearance in international ringette took place at the second World Ringette Championships in 1992. Team USA is Team Sweden's arch-rival with both teams competing in the President's Pool against Team Czech.

Though Sweden joined the IRF in 1986, which at the time was known as the "World Ringette Council", the Sweden Ringette Association was not formed until 1994, then was elected as an associate member of the Swedish Sports Confederation in 2003.
2C-B-morpholine
2C-B-morpholine, also known as 2C-B-norphenmetrazine or as 2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)morpholine, is a serotonin receptor modulator of the phenylmorpholine (phenmetrazine) and cyclized phenethylamine groups. It is a ligand of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor, with an affinity of 20.6 nM and an EmaxTooltip maximal efficacy of 4%. The drug showed 103-fold lower affinity for this receptor than R(–)-DOB and had minimal agonist activity (with R(–)-DOB having an Emax of 51% in the assay), so for practical purposes would act as an antagonist at the 5-HT2A receptor under most circumstances, despite being technically classified as a partial agonist. 2C-B-morpholine was first described in the scientific literature by Richard Glennon and colleagues by 2004.

Phenmetrazine
Phenmetrazine, sold under the brand name Preludin among others, is a stimulant drug first synthesized in 1952 and originally used as an appetite suppressant, but withdrawn from the market in the 1980s due to widespread misuse. It was initially replaced by its analogue phendimetrazine (under the brand name Prelu-2) which functions as a prodrug to phenmetrazine, but now it is rarely prescribed, due to concerns of misuse and addiction. Chemically, phenmetrazine is a substituted amphetamine containing a morpholine ring or a substituted phenylmorpholine.
Sivasvati
Sivasvati was a Satavahana king during the 1st century CE. He is mentioned in all the Puranas except the Brahmanda, and is said to have ruled for 28 years

It was probably during the reign of Sivasvati that the Western Satraps invaded Northern Maharastra and Vidarbha and occupied the districts of Pune and Nashik, forcing the Satavahanas to abandon their capital Junnar and to move to Prastisthana (modern Paithan) in the vicinity of Aurangabad.

His Queen was probably Gautami Balashri who appears in an inscription at Nasik Caves as the donator of Cave No.3, and mother of Gautamiputra Satakarni.

Sivasti was probably the father of the famous Gautamiputra Satakarni, who in the Nasik inscription is said to have "destroyed the Sakas, Yavanas and Palhavas; who rooted out the Khakharata race; who restored the glory of the Satavahana family".

Gautamiputra Satakarni
Gautamiputra Satakarni (Brahmi: 𑀕𑁄𑀢𑀫𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀓𑀡𑀺, Gotamiputa Sātakaṇi, IAST: Gautamīputra Śātakarṇi) was a ruler of the Satavahana Empire in present-day Deccan region of India. He was mentioned as the important and greatest ruler of Satavahana Dynasty. He ruled in the 1st or 2nd century CE, although his exact period is uncertain. His reign is dated variously: 86-110 CE, c. 103-127 CE, 106-130 CE, or more recently and specifically ca. 60-85 CE.

The information available about Gautamiputra Satakarni comes from his coins, the Satavahana inscriptions, and the royal genealogies in the various Puranas. The best known of these is the Nashik prashasti (eulogy) inscription of his mother Gautami Balashri, which credits him with extensive military conquests. Historical evidence suggests that Gautamiputra revived the Satavahana power after a decline caused by Saka invasions.
Rook (chess)
The rook (/rʊk/; ♖, ♜) is a piece in the game of chess. It may move any number of squares horizontally or vertically without jumping, and it may capture an enemy piece on its path; it may participate in castling. Each player starts the game with two rooks, one in each corner on their side of the board.

Formerly, the rook (from Persian: رخ, romanized: rokh/rukh, lit. 'chariot') was alternatively called the tower, marquess, rector, and comes (count or earl). The term "castle" is considered to be informal or old-fashioned.

Lev Alburt
Lev Osipovich Alburt (born August 21, 1945) is an American chess Grandmaster, writer and coach. He was born  in Orenburg, Russia, and became three-time Ukrainian Champion. After defecting to the United States in 1979, he became three-time U.S. Champion.
Atlanta, Knoxville and Northern Railway
Nicknamed "The Hiwassee Route" for a scenic portion of the railroad along the Hiawassee River, the Atlanta, Knoxville and Northern Railway was chartered in 1896 as a successor to the Marietta and North Georgia Railway, which had entered receivership in 1891.  It was part of a railroad system that ran from the community of Elizabeth near Marietta, Georgia, northward to Murphy in far western North Carolina, and to Delano just south of Etowah in southeast Tennessee.

Ellijay, Georgia
Ellijay, occasionally spelled Elijay, is a city in Gilmer County, Georgia, United States. Its population was 1,862 at the 2020 census. The city is the county seat of Gilmer County.

Agriculture is important in Gilmer County, known as the "Apple Capital of Georgia." The city holds an annual Georgia Apple Festival in October.

Former President Jimmy Carter owned a pine-cabin second home in Ellijay. Other tourists are attracted to the mountains and whitewater kayaking.
Tarjadia
Tarjadia is an extinct genus of erpetosuchid pseudosuchian, distantly related to modern crocodilians. It is known from a single species, T. ruthae, first described in 1998 from the Middle Triassic Chañares Formation in Argentina. Partial remains have been found from deposits that are Anisian-Ladinian in age. Long known mostly from osteoderms, vertebrae, and fragments of the skull, specimens described in 2017 provided much more anatomical details and showed that it was a fairly large predator. Tarjadia predates known species of   aetosaurs and phytosaurs, two Late Triassic groups of crurotarsans with heavy plating, making it one of the first heavily armored archosaurs. Prior to 2017, most studies placed it outside Archosauria as a member of Doswelliidae, a family of heavily armored and crocodile-like archosauriforms. The 2017 specimens instead show that it belonged to the Erpetosuchidae.

Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor.

In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology.

Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals, such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals.
2001 Campionati Internazionali di Sicilia
The 2001 Campionati Internazionali di Sicilia was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Palermo, Italy that was part of the International Series of the 2001 ATP Tour. It was the 23rd edition of the tournament and ran from 24 September until 30 September 2001. Unseeded Félix Mantilla won the singles title.

2001 ATP Tour
The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The 2001 ATP Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the Tennis Masters Cup, the Tennis Masters Series, the International Series Gold and the International Series.
Chariho High School
Chariho High School is a public high school located in the rural village of Wood River Junction, Rhode Island, in the town of Richmond. It is part of the Chariho Regional School District, serving the towns of Charlestown, Richmond, and Hopkinton. The name Chariho is derived from the first syllable of the three towns' names.

Richmond, Rhode Island
Richmond is a town in Washington County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 8,020 at the 2020 census. It contains the villages of Alton, Arcadia, Barberville, Carolina, Hillsdale, Kenyon, Shannock, Tug Hollow, Usquepaug, Wood River Junction, Woodville, and Wyoming. Students from the Town of Richmond are part of the Chariho Regional School District, a school district shared between Charlestown and Hopkinton, Rhode Island.
Slovak Open
The Slovak Open is a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hardcourts. It is an ATP Challenger Tour 125 and an ITF Women's Circuit event. It was part of the Tretorn SERIE+ on the Challenger Tour. It is held at the Peugeot aréna, Národné Tenisové Centrum (NTC) in Bratislava, Slovakia, since 2000.

ATP Challenger Tour 125
The ATP Challenger 125 tournaments are the second highest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the ATP Challenger Tour, with 125 ranking points awarded to each singles champion. They were previously the highest tier of Challenger tournaments before the introduction of ATP Challenger Tour 175 tournaments in 2023.

As of the 2026 season, the series included 36 tournaments, with some added and others upgraded or downgraded since the COVID-19 pandemic.
Marie Selby Botanical Gardens
The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens is a 15-acre (6.1 ha) botanical garden located at 900 South Palm Avenue in Sarasota, Florida. The Gardens are located on the grounds of the former home of Marie and William Selby.

The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens is a Smithsonian affiliate and accredited by the American Alliance of Museums.

Gesneriaceae
Gesneriaceae, the gesneriad family, is a family of flowering plants consisting of about 152 genera and ca. 3,540 species in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World (almost all Didymocarpoideae) and the New World (most Gesnerioideae), with a very small number extending to temperate areas. Many species have colorful and showy flowers and are cultivated as ornamental plants.
USC Center on Public Diplomacy
The University of Southern California Center on Public Diplomacy is an academic research, teaching and training center created by the USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism and the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences' School of International Relations at University of Southern California.

In 2008, USC received the inaugural Benjamin Franklin Award for Public Diplomacy from the U.S. State Department in recognition of the university's teaching, training, and research in public diplomacy.

The USC Center on Public Diplomacy and Portland, a UK-based consultancy firm, together have published an annual Soft Power 30 index.

The USC Center on Public Diplomacy is a full member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (APSIA), a group of public policy, public administration, and international studies schools.

Soft power
In politics (and particularly in international politics), soft power is the ability to co-opt rather than coerce (in contrast with hard power). It involves shaping the preferences of others through appeal and attraction. Soft power is non-coercive, using culture, political values, and foreign policies to enact change. In 2012, Joseph Nye of Harvard University explained that with soft power, "the best propaganda is not propaganda", further explaining that during the Information Age, "credibility is the scarcest resource".

Nye popularised the term in his 1990 book, Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power.
In this book he wrote: "when one country gets other countries to want what it wants might be called co-optive or soft power in contrast with the hard or command power of ordering others to do what it wants". He further developed the concept in his 2004 book, Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics.
Graphics Layout Engine
Graphics Layout Engine (GLE) is a graphics scripting language designed for creating publication quality graphs, plots, diagrams, figures and slides. GLE supports various graph types such as function plots, histograms, bar graphs, scatter plots, contour lines, color maps and surface plots through a simple but flexible set of graphing commands. More complex output can be created by relying on GLE's scripting language, which is full featured with subroutines, variables, and logic control. GLE relies on LaTeX for text output and supports mathematical formula in graphs and figures. GLE's output formats include EPS, PS, PDF, JPEG, and PNG.

The GLE software dates back to the early 1990s and it is still under active development. Currently, GLE development is hosted on GitHub.

PostScript
PostScript (PS) is a page description language and dynamically typed, stack-based programming language. It is most commonly used in the electronic publishing and desktop publishing realm, but as a Turing complete programming language, it can be used for many other purposes as well. PostScript was created at Adobe Systems by John Warnock, Charles Geschke, Doug Brotz, Ed Taft and Bill Paxton from 1982 to 1984. The most recent version, PostScript 3, was released in 1997.
Fearsome Tales for Fiendish Kids
Fearsome Tales for Fiendish Kids is a 1996 children's black comedy horror book written by British author Jamie Rix. It is the third book in the Grizzly Tales for Gruesome Kids series. It was published by Hodder Children's Books and was the last in the series to be published before the animated series adaption by CiTV (and later, Nickelodeon), containing 16 short stories—one story more than the previous two books.

Ventriloquism
Ventriloquism is the performance art of speaking or producing sounds so that the voice appears to come from a source other than the performer, most often a puppet or "dummy." Ventriloquists create the illusion of a separate character by manipulating the puppet and producing distinct voices, often for comedy, storytelling, or theatrical entertainment. The technique requires precise vocal control and minimal lip movement. Ventriloquism has historical roots in ancient cultures and theater, and it continues to be practiced in live performances, television, and media worldwide.