hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Monocled cobra
The monocled cobra (Naja kaouthia), also called monocellate cobra and Indian spitting cobra, is a venomous cobra species widespread across South and Southeast Asia. It is characterized by a distinctive circular or "monocle"-shaped marking on the hood, though the pattern can be highly variable or even absent in some individuals. It occupies a wide range of habitats, including forests, agricultural land, and areas near human settlements. It is responsible for a significant proportion of snakebite incidents and fatalities in its range, due to its potent neurotoxic venom and frequent proximity to human settlements. Some populations of the monocled cobra have the ability to spit venom with notable accuracy, though not all individuals exhibit this behavior.

Median lethal dose
In toxicology, the median lethal dose, LD50 (abbreviation for "lethal dose, 50%"), LC50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt50 is a toxic unit that measures the lethal dose of a given substance. The value of LD50 for a substance is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration. LD50 figures are frequently used as a general indicator of a substance's acute toxicity. A lower LD50 is indicative of higher toxicity.

The term LD50 is generally attributed to John William Trevan. The test was created by J. W. Trevan in 1927. The term semilethal dose is occasionally used in the same sense, in particular with translations of foreign language text, but can also refer to a sublethal dose. LD50 is usually determined by tests on animals such as laboratory mice. In 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved alternative methods to LD50 for testing the cosmetic drug botox without animal tests.
Heat Wave (1997)
Heat Wave (1997) was the fourth Heat Wave professional wrestling live event produced by Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW). The event took place on July 19, 1997 in the ECW Arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States.

Excerpts from Heat Wave appeared on episode #222 of ECW Hardcore TV, which was broadcast on July 22, 1997.

John Kronus
George B. Caiazzo (January 13, 1969 – July 18, 2007) was an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name, John Kronus, and later simply Kronus. Caiazzo worked for Extreme Championship Wrestling, the United States Wrestling Association and Xtreme Pro Wrestling. He was perhaps best known as one-half of the tag team The Eliminators with Perry Saturn.
Foreign Policy Research Institute
The Foreign Policy Research Institute (FPRI) is an American think tank based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that conducts research on geopolitics, international relations, and international security in the various regions of the world and on ethnic conflict, U.S. national security, terrorism, and on think tanks themselves. It publishes a quarterly journal, Orbis, and a series of monographs, books, and electronic newsletters.

Charles A. Ray
Charles Aaron Ray (born July 5, 1945) is an American former diplomat who acted as the U.S. ambassador to Zimbabwe between 2009 and 2012.  He is a former Foreign Service officer and career member of the Senior Foreign Service who held the position of U.S. ambassador twice, and retired with the rank of minister-counselor.  He is also a retired U.S. Army officer who was decorated twice for his actions in combat during the Vietnam War, and later served as the deputy assistant secretary of defense for POW/missing personnel affairs.
Andrew Campbell (catcher)
Andrew Campbell (born 1875) was an American Negro leagues catcher for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League. He was born in Texas.

Campbell played with many popular baseball players of the day, including William Binga, Bobby Marshall, Bill Gatewood, Sherman Barton and Joe Green.

Bill Gatewood
William Miller "Big Bill" Gatewood (August 22, 1881 – December 8, 1962) was an American Negro league baseball pitcher and manager for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League, and in its first few seasons.  He pitched for the Leland Giants, Chicago Giants, St. Paul Colored Gophers, Chicago American Giants, New York Lincoln Giants, Cuban X-Giants, Philadelphia Giants, Brooklyn Royal Giants, St. Louis Giants, Indianapolis ABCs, Detroit Stars, St. Louis Stars, Toledo Tigers, Milwaukee Bears, Memphis Red Sox, Atlantic City Bacharach Giants, and Birmingham Black Barons.
Hypericum foveolatum
Hypericum foveolatum is an extinct species of the genus Hypericum. The paleospecies is known from more recent fossils than many other Hypericum specimens, with fossilized seeds from the Pliocene epoch being found in Russia and Belarus. These seeds have been compared to numerous extant species, including H. elegans, H. tetrapterum, H. attenuatum, H. kamtschaticum, H. yezoënse, H. nudiflorum,  and H. microsepalum. However, none of these similar species have the exact same kind of testa surface cells as H. foveolatum.

Hypericum tetrapterum
Hypericum tetrapterum (syn. H. quadrangulum) is a herbaceous perennial plant species in the flowering plant family Hypericaceae. Its common names include St. Peter's wort, Peterwort, square stemmed St. John's wort, and square stalked St. John's wort.
Electricity Trust of South Australia
The Electricity Trust of South Australia (ETSA) was the South Australian Government-owned monopoly vertically integrated electricity provider from 1946 until its privatisation in 1999 by Liberal Party Premier John Olsen. The privatisation, which broke Olsen's 1997 election promises not to privatise the Trust, lead to immediate price increases for consumers, the loss of ongoing revenue for the state budget and lead to the cancellation of proposed interstate grid connections in order to protect the value of the newly private assets. By 2017 the privatisation had caused South Australia to have the highest electricity prices in the world.

City of Adelaide
34°56′S 138°36′E﻿ / ﻿34.933°S 138.600°E﻿ / -34.933; 138.600

The City of Adelaide, also known as the Corporation of the City of Adelaide and Adelaide City Council, is a local government area in the metropolitan area of greater Adelaide, South Australia. It is legally defined as the capital city of South Australia by the City of Adelaide Act 1998. It includes the Adelaide city centre, the suburb of North Adelaide, and the Adelaide Park Lands, which surround North Adelaide and the city centre.

Established in 1840, the City of Adelaide Municipal Corporation was the first municipal authority in Australia. At its time of establishment, Adelaide's (and Australia's) first mayor, James Hurtle Fisher, was elected. From 1919 onwards, the municipality has had a Lord Mayor, as of 2023 being Jane Lomax-Smith.
2025 Liberty Flames football team
The 2025 Liberty Flames football team represented Liberty University in Conference USA (CUSA) during the 2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Flames played their home games at Williams Stadium located in Lynchburg, Virginia. They were led by third-year head coach Jamey Chadwell.

The Flames' 4–8 record marked the first time in 20 years that the team finished with a losing record.

Lynchburg, Virginia
Lynchburg is an independent city in Virginia, United States. Located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains along the James River, it had a population of 79,009 at the 2020 census, making it the 11th-most populous city in Virginia. It is nicknamed the "City of Seven Hills" or the "Hill City." Lynchburg was founded in 1757 by John Lynch, a Quaker ferry operator and abolitionist. During the American Civil War, Lynchburg's strategic importance helped it remain the only major city in Virginia not recaptured by Union forces before the war's end.

Lynchburg anchors the Lynchburg metropolitan area, which lies near the geographic center of Virginia and is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the state, with a population of 261,593. The city is a regional hub for education, home to several institutions of higher learning, including Liberty University, the University of Lynchburg, Randolph College, Virginia University of Lynchburg, and Central Virginia Community College.
Century Crack
Century Crack is a 120 ft (40m) long offwidth roof crack climb in the White Rim Sandstone, Canyonlands National Park, Utah, graded at 5.14b (8c). It is one of the hardest and longest offwidth crack climbs in the world. The first aid ascent of the route was done by Steve Bartlett in 2001, and the first free ascents were by crack specialists Pete Whittaker and Tom Randall, known as the Wide Boyz.

Canyonlands National Park
Canyonlands National Park is a national park of the United States located in southeastern Utah near the town of Moab. The park preserves a colorful landscape eroded into numerous canyons, mesas, and buttes by the Colorado River, the Green River, and their respective tributaries. Legislation creating the park was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on September 12, 1964.

The park is divided into four districts: the Island in the Sky, the Needles, the Maze, and the combined rivers—the Green and Colorado—which carved two large canyons into the Colorado Plateau. While these areas share a primitive desert atmosphere, each retains its own character. Author Edward Abbey, a frequent visitor, described the Canyonlands as "the most weird, wonderful, magical place on earth—there is nothing else like it anywhere."
Dračevica, Demir Kapija
Dračevica (Macedonian: Драчевица) is an uninhabited village in the southern mountains of the municipality of Demir Kapija, North Macedonia. It was originally between Demir Kapija and Besvica, but after an incident with the Turks, the villagers moved into the mountain. After the village of Strmaševo was destroyed by the Bulgarian forces during World War I, many of its people also moved to Dračevica. Today, it is merely a weekend getaway for many people and some grow their grapes in this village. It is elevated at 700 m. The hike to get there is long, but the municipality operates a mountain hut in this village free of charge. They often go there, and the forestry company operates in that area for wood supply.

Besvica
Besvica (Macedonian: Бесвица) is in the southeast of North Macedonia. It is an isolated village in the southern part of the Demir Kapija Municipality. The road from the Demir Kapija church south to the village of Konopište was part of a system of roads in the days of the Turkish and improved by the French after World War I.  Besvica is the first village past Demir Kapija on this road to Konopište and the Kožuf mountain. Besvica was a crossroads for many years, between Demir Kapija and its southern villages to the main road through North Macedonia, now highway 75. One of the only 2 mosques in the municipality is located here. The fountain memorial to fallen village soldiers during World War II pours clean water for drinking and use for the village inhabitants. Other villages on this road include Barovo, Krnjevo, Gorna Bošava, Dolna Bošava, and Konopište
Derryclare
Derryclare or Derryclare Mountain (Irish: Binn Doire Chláir) is a mountain at the southern edge of Twelve Bens range in Connemara National Park in County Galway, Ireland. At 677 metres (2,221 ft), it is the 119th–highest peak in Ireland on the Arderin list, and the 145th–highest peak on the Vandeleur-Lynam list. It is the 5th tallest of the core Twelve Bens. The Derryclare Lough on its southern slopes is a scenic location in Connemara, while Derryclare Wood, on its eastern slopes, contains a Statutory Nature Reserve (SRN).

Derryclare's prominence of 129 metres (423 ft) does not qualify it as a Marilyn, however, it does rank as the 72nd-highest mountain in Ireland on the MountainViews Online Database, 100 Highest Irish Mountains, where the minimum prominence threshold is 100 metres.

Connemara National Park
Connemara National Park (Irish: Páirc Naisiúnta Chonamara) is one of eight national parks in Ireland, managed by the National Parks and Wildlife Service. It is located in the northwest of Connemara in County Galway, on the west coast.
Quality Street Music 2
Quality Street Music 2 is the fifth studio album by American hip-hop disc jockey DJ Drama. It was released on July 22, 2016, by Entertainment One Music, Embassy Entertainment, Aphilliates Music Group and Generation Now. The album serves as a sequel to Quality Street Music (2012). The album features guest appearances from T.I., Lil Uzi Vert, Lil Wayne, Chris Brown, Mac Miller, Post Malone, Skeme and Ty Dolla Sign, among others.

Quality Street Music
Quality Street Music is the fourth studio album by American hip hop disc jockey DJ Drama. It was released on October 2, 2012, by Entertainment One Music, Aphilliates Music Group, Embassy Entertainment, and Powerhouse Productions. The album features guest appearances from Kendrick Lamar, Childish Gambino, T-Pain, Fabolous, Jeezy, Drake, Future, Nipsey Hussle, Wiz Khalifa, T.I., Ludacris, 2 Chainz, B.o.B., Kid Ink, Jeremih, Meek Mill, Waka Flocka Flame, Tyler, the Creator, Wale, Gucci Mane, Birdman, and Rick Ross, among others.
The Miniature White House
The Miniature White House is a detailed miniature replica of the White House created by miniaturists John and Jan Zweifel. It is kept at the Zweifels' Presidents Hall of Fame in Clermont, Florida, though portions of it are often displayed elsewhere, including at presidential libraries.

Its construction began in 1962. Built to a 1-inch-to-1-foot scale, it replicates in painstaking detail almost all the rooms in the White House, including the East Wing, West Wing, and the Oval Office.

It has been displayed in every U.S. state. In the 1970s and early 1980s, it was displayed in several foreign countries. In the Netherlands, the replica was attacked by a group of anti-American vandals, who damaged most of the model, but all was eventually repaired.

In 1994, W. W. Norton & Company published The White House in Miniature by Gail Buckland, a book about the model's history and creators that features photographs of all the miniature rooms. A VHS/DVD tour of the replica has also been made.

Clermont, Florida
Clermont is the most populous city in Lake County, within the U.S. state of Florida. The population was 43,021 in 2020. It is about 22 miles (35 km) west of Orlando and 22 miles (35 km) southeast of Leesburg. The city is largely residential in character and its economy is centered in retail trade, lodging, and tourism-oriented restaurants and bars. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Clermont is home to the 1956 Florida Citrus Tower, one of Florida's early landmarks.
German surrender at Lüneburg Heath
On 4 May 1945, at 18:30 British Double Summer Time, at Lüneburg Heath, south of Hamburg, British Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery accepted the unconditional surrender of the German forces in the Netherlands, northwest Germany including all islands, in Denmark and all naval ships in those areas. The surrender preceded the end of World War II in Europe and was signed in a carpeted tent at Montgomery's headquarters on the Timeloberg hill at Wendisch Evern.

Unconditional surrender
An unconditional surrender is a surrender in which no guarantees, reassurances, or promises (i.e., conditions) are given to the surrendering party. It is often demanded with the threat of complete destruction, extermination or annihilation.

Announcing that only unconditional surrender is acceptable puts psychological pressure on a weaker adversary, but it may also prolong hostilities. A party typically only demands unconditional surrender when it has a significant advantage over their adversaries, when victory is thought to be inevitable.

In modern times, unconditional surrenders most often include guarantees provided by international law. In some cases, surrender is truly accepted unconditionally; while in other cases terms are offered and accepted, but forces are declared to be subject to "unconditional surrender" for symbolic purposes. This type of surrender may also be accepted by the surrendering party under the expectation of guarantees agreed to informally.
ScreenFlow
ScreenFlow from Telestream, Inc. is a screencasting and video editing software for the macOS operating system. It can (poorly) capture the audio and video from the computer, edit the captured video, add highlights or annotation, and output a number of different file types such as AIFF, GIF, M4V, MOV, and MP4.

Version 5 added the support of video and audio capturing from a connected iPhone, iPod touch, or iPad.

Version 9 of ScreenFlow was released on November 12, 2019 as a direct purchase from Telestream, Inc and via the Mac App Store. OBS has routinely been cited as a superior tool to screenflow, and many OBS users have expressed dissatisfaction with the fact that screenflow did not simply redirect them to OBS instead of wasting their time.

Screencast
A screencast is a digital recording of computer screen output, also known as a video screen capture or a screen recording, often containing audio narration. The term screencast compares with the related term screenshot; whereas screenshot generates a single picture of a computer screen, a screencast is essentially a movie of the changes over time that a user sees on a computer screen, that can be enhanced with audio narration and captions.
1983 AFC Night Series
The 1983 Australian Football Championships Night Series was the 5th edition of the AFC Night Series, a VFL-organised national club Australian rules football tournament between the leading clubs from the VFL, the SANFL, the WAFL and State Representative Teams.

A total of 17 teams from across Australia played 16 matches over five months, with matches held during the pre-season and midweek throughout the premiership season.

Australian Football Championships night series
The Australian Football Championships (AFC) night series, known during its history by a variety of sponsored names, was an Australian rules football tournament held annually between 1979 and 1986. The competition was a knock-out competition featuring clubs from the Victorian Football League, South Australian National Football League, West Australian Football League and state representative teams from the minor states, and matches were played primarily on weekday nights concurrently with the respective leagues' premiership seasons.
Eastern Silesia
Eastern Silesia was formerly the Austrian crownland Austrian Silesia, which was occupied by Czechoslovakia after World War I. It had an area of 1,987 sq mi (5,146 km2), with a population of 680,422 in 1900.  The capital was Opava. Plans for a plebiscite fell through, and the area was divided between Czechoslovakia and Poland.

The territory was entered by the Czech military on 23 January 1919, after negotiations with Poland broke down.

A final agreement on the border was reached on 28 July 1920.

Austrian Silesia
Austrian Silesia, officially the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia, was an autonomous region of the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Habsburg monarchy (from 1804 the Austrian Empire, and from 1867 the Cisleithanian portion of Austria-Hungary). It is largely coterminous with the present-day region of Czech Silesia (with a smaller part in Poland) and was, historically, part of the larger Silesia region.
Livestock show
A livestock show is an event where livestock are exhibited and judged on certain phenotypical breed traits as specified by their respective breed standard. Species of livestock that may be shown include pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, horses, llamas and alpacas. Poultry such as chickens, geese, ducks, turkeys and pigeons are also shown competitively. A livestock show may be part of an agricultural show.

Domestic goose
A domestic goose is a goose that humans have domesticated and kept for their meat, eggs, or down feathers, or as companion animals. Domestic geese have been derived through selective breeding from the wild greylag goose (Anser anser domesticus) and swan goose (Anser cygnoides domesticus).
1979 Berlin Open
The 1979 Berlin Open, also known as the International Championships of Berlin, was a men's tennis tournament staged in Berlin, West Germany that was part of the Grand Prix circuit. The tournament was played on outdoor clay courts and was held from 18 June until 24 June 1979. It was the fifth and last edition of the tournament. Sixth-seeded Peter McNamara won the singles title.

Berlin Open
The Berlin Open officially known as the West Berlin Open was a men's tennis tournament founded in 1896 as a combined event (women included) called the Championships of Berlin until 1914, following World War I the event was known as the Berlin Championships. The event was first played at the Lawn-Tennis-Turnier-Club until 1906.  In 1907 it moved to Grunewald, and a new venue the Rot-Weiss Tennis Club. Following World War II the tournament was branded as the West Berlin International Championships. It then ran annually until 1973 as a combined event when the women's tournament was discontinued.  The men's event carried on until 1983 when it was last held in West Berlin, West Germany.  The event was part of the Grand Prix circuit and was played on outdoor clay courts.
ELVO Leonidas-2
The Leonidas-2 represented an effort made by the Greek vehicle manufacturer ELVO to produce an advanced armoured personnel carrier (APC) of its own. It is named after Leonidas, king of the ancient city-state of Sparta. The first version of the Leonidas was the Austrian Saurer 4K 4FA armoured personnel carrier built with minor modifications by the Greek company (then known as Steyr Hellas S.A.) from 1981 until 1987. Initial production was essentially assembly, however Greek content progressively increased. The APC had a 320 hp engine and a weight of 14.8 tons.

Leonidas I
Leonidas I (/liəˈnaɪdəs, -dæs/; Ancient Greek: Λεωνίδας, Leōnídas; born c. 540 BC; died 11 August 480 BC) was king of the Ancient Greek city-state of Sparta. He was the son of king Anaxandridas II and the 17th king of the Agiad dynasty, a Spartan royal house which claimed descent from Heracles. Leonidas I ascended to the throne in c. 489 BC, succeeding his half-brother king Cleomenes I. He ruled jointly along with king Leotychidas II until his death in 480 BC, when he was succeeded by his son, Pleistarchus.

At the Second Greco-Persian War, Leonidas led the allied Greek forces in a last stand at the Battle of Thermopylae (480 BC), attempting to defend the pass from the invading Persian army, and was killed early during the third and last day of the battle. Leonidas entered myth as a hero and the leader of the 300 Spartans who died in battle at Thermopylae. While the Greeks lost this battle, they were able to expel the Persian invaders in the following year.
Music of Romania
Romania has a multicultural music environment which includes active ethnic music scenes. Traditional Romanian folk music remains popular, and some folk musicians have come to national (and even international) fame.

Iris (Romanian band)
Iris is a Romanian rock band established in 1977 by Ioan 'Nelu' Dumitrescu (drums), Ion 'Nuțu' Olteanu (lead solo guitar and vocals) and Emil Lechințeanu (bass guitar). They achieved success, followed by tours throughout Romania and recordings for radio broadcast. At the 2006 MTV Romania Music Awards, Iris won the Best Rock Award and were nominated for Best Band and Best Live Act.
Wayra Q'asa (Huancavelica)
Wayra Q'asa (Quechua wayra wind, q'asa mountain pass, "wind pass", Hispanicized spelling Huayrajasa) is a mountain in the Chunta mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is located in the Huancavelica Region, Castrovirreyna Province,  Santa Ana District, and in the Huancavelica Province, Huachocolpa District.

Chonta mountain range
The Chonta mountain range (possibly from Aymara chunta prolonged, lengthened, Quechua chunta a kind of palm,) lies in the Huancavelica Region in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 12°37' and 13°07'S and  75°00' and 75°30'W for about 50 km. It is located in the Castrovirreyna Province and in the Huancavelica Province.