hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Quango
A quango (quasi-autonomous non-governmental organization) is an organization to which a government has devolved power, but which is still partly controlled or financed by government bodies. The acronym was originally derived from quasi-NGO, where NGO is the abbreviation for a non-government organization.

As its original name suggests, a quango is a hybrid form of organization, with elements of both NGOs and public sector bodies. Although originating in the United States, the term is primarily used in the United Kingdom and, to a lesser degree, other countries in the core and middle Anglosphere.

In the UK, quango is not an official term and its usage has been described as "highly emotive", with some using it to condemn "wasteful bureaucracy" and a lack of democratic accountability. It covers different arm's-length bodies (ALBs), including non-departmental public bodies ("semi-autonomous public bodies") (NDPBs), non-ministerial government departments, and executive agencies.

SaskPower
Saskatchewan Power Corporation, operating as SaskPower, is the principal electric utility in Saskatchewan, Canada. Established in 1929 by the provincial government, it serves more than 550,000 customers and manages nearly $13 billion in assets. SaskPower is a major employer in the province with over 3,100 permanent full-time staff located in approximately 70 communities.
Klimontów, Sandomierz County
Klimontów [kliˈmɔntuf] is a town in Sandomierz County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Klimontów. It lies on the European route E371, and along the Lesser Polish Way, approximately 22 km (14 mi) west of Sandomierz and 65 km (40 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce. The village has a population of 2,000. Klimontów belongs to historic Lesser Poland.

Sandomierz County
Sandomierz County (Polish: powiat sandomierski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sandomierz, which lies 83 kilometres (52 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Koprzywnica, lying 16 km (10 mi) south-west of Sandomierz, and Zawichost, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Sandomierz.

The county covers an area of 675.89 square kilometres (261.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 77,352, out of which the population of Sandomierz is 23,494, that of Koprzywnica is 2,470, that of Zawichost is 1,771, and the rural population is 49,617.
Odintsovsky District
Odintsovsky District (Russian: Одинцо́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the western central part of the oblast and borders with the federal city of Moscow in the east, Leninsky District in the southeast, Naro-Fominsky District in the south, Ruzsky District in the west, Istrinsky District in the north, and with Krasnogorsky District in the northeast. The area of the district is 1,289.628 square kilometers (497.928 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Odintsovo. Population: 316,696 (2010 Census);  286,033 (2002 Census); 129,343 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Odintsovo accounts for 43.9% of the district's total population. The city of Baikonur in Kazakhstan also belongs administratively to the district.

Krasnogorsky District, Moscow Oblast
Krasnogorsky District (Russian: Красного́рский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 224.99 square kilometers (86.87 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Krasnogorsk. Population: 179,872 (2010 Census); 149,679 (2002 Census); 51,823 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Krasnogorsk accounts for 65.0% of the district's total population.
Ezra Scollay Stearns
Ezra Scollay Stearns (1838–1915) was an American historian, genealogist, and politician. He was Secretary of State for New Hampshire for twelve years, and for five years a member of the House of Representatives of that state.

New Hampshire Secretary of State
The secretary of state of New Hampshire is a constitutional officer in the U.S. state of New Hampshire and serves as the exclusive head of the New Hampshire Department of State. The secretary is third in line for succession as acting governor of New Hampshire, following the state's president of the Senate and speaker of the House. The secretary oversees all state elections, including certifying the results, and keeps the official records of the state. The secretary is, by statute, the only person who can authorize use of the State Seal.

The secretary is elected biennially by the New Hampshire General Court (state legislature), as prescribed in the Constitution of New Hampshire as adopted in 1784. The position itself dates to 1680, when the Province of New Hampshire was under British rule.
FC Zhashtyk Osh
FC Zhashtyk Osh is a Kyrgyzstani football club based in Osh, Kyrgyzstan that plays in the top division in Kyrgyzstan, the Kyrgyzstan League.  The club plays its home games at Suyumbayev Stadion. In 1998 FC Zhashtyk-Ak-Altyn Kara-Suu was founded after the merger of the teams Zhashtyk Osh and FC Ak-Altyn Kara-Suu.

Suyumbayev Stadion
Suyumbayev Stadion is a multi-use stadium in Osh, Kyrgyzstan.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and serves as the home stadium for Alay Osh and Ak-Bura Osh of the Kyrgyzstan League.  The stadium has a capacity of 12,000 people.
Commander (order)
Commander (Italian: Commendatore; French: Commandeur; German: Komtur; Spanish: Comendador; Portuguese: Comendador), or Knight Commander, is a title of honor prevalent in chivalric orders and fraternal orders.

The title of Commander occurred in the medieval military orders, such as the Knights Hospitaller, for a member senior to a Knight. Variations include Knight Commander, notably in English, sometimes used to denote an even higher rank than Commander. In some orders of chivalry, Commander ranks above Officier (i.e. Officer), but below one or more ranks with a prefix meaning 'Great', e.g. Grand- in French, Grosskomtur in German, Gran Comendador (using an equivalent suffix) in Spanish, Grande Ufficiale in Italian, and Groot- in Dutch (Grootcommandeur, 'Grand Commander'), Grand Cross.

Title of honor
A title of honor or honorary title is a title bestowed upon individuals or organizations as an award in recognition of their merits.

Sometimes the title bears the same or nearly the same name as a title of authority, but the person bestowed does not have to carry out any duties, except for ceremonial ones. The title may sometimes be temporary, only valid for the individual's visit or for a single day, though they can also be permanent titles. In some cases, these titles are bestowed posthumously.

Some historical honorary titles may be bought, like certain titles of nobility. This has long been a matter of fraud, both outright and indirect. Honorary titles also serve as positions of sinecure and honorary retirement.
Covers of the Damned
Covers of the Damned is the third EP by American metalcore band Atreyu. It is for the band's Congregation of the Damned Tour, in support of their fifth album, Congregation of the Damned. The performers were a collaboration of Atreyu, along with their tourmates Blessthefall, Chiodos, Endless Hallway and Architects. Two songs were performed by Atreyu alone, one was by Endless Hallway featuring Travis Miguel of Atreyu, and the last two were a collaboration of certain members from each band.

Congregation of the Damned
Congregation of the Damned is the fifth studio album by American rock band Atreyu. It was released through Hollywood Records and Roadrunner Records on October 27, 2009.

The album debuted at No. 18 on the Billboard 200, selling 26,000 copies in its first week of release.  The album has sold 121,000 copies in the United States as of August 2015.
One-pit coin
The pit (Thai: พิศ) was a historic Thai currency unit used during the pre-decimal era of the Thai baht. One pit was equal to  4 baht, making it one of the biggest denominations in the traditional Thai monetary system.

One-baht coin
The one-baht coin is a denomination coin of the Thai baht, the Thai currency unit.

Like all coins in Thailand, its obverse features the King of Thailand, Vajiralongkorn, and previously Bhumibol Adulyadej. The newest set of coins features King Vajiralongkorn's royal monogram on the reverse side while the coins of the previous set featured Wat Phra Sri Rattana Satsadaram or Wat Phra Kaew, the royal temple in Bangkok's Grand Palace complex.

It is commonly called rian baht (Thai:เหรียญบาท) by Thai speakers (rian meaning "coin" in Thai).
2016 West Georgia Wolves football team
The 2016 West Georgia Wolves football team represented the University of West Georgia in the 2016 NCAA Division II football season. They were led by head coach Will Hall, who was in his third season at West Georgia. The Wolves played their home games at University Stadium and were members of the Gulf South Conference. They finished the season with a record of 7 wins and 4 losses (7–4 overall, 4–4 in the GSC), defeating one top 25 ranked team, ranked as high as #2 in the nation before falling in the middle of the season. West Georgia were not invited in the 2016 playoffs.

2016 NCAA Division II football season
The 2016 NCAA Division II football season, part of college football in the United States  organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division II level, began on September 1, 2016 and ended with the NCAA Division II Football Championship on December 17, 2016 at Children's Mercy Park in Kansas City, Kansas.  Northwest Missouri State successfully defended its national title from the previous season (and won its sixth title overall) by defeating North Alabama, 29–3.
Mike Gard
Michael Gard (born 24 January 1952) is a former Australian politician. He was born in Franklin, Tasmania. He was an unsuccessful Labor candidate for Braddon in the 1996 Tasmanian election, but in 1997 he was elected in a countback following the resignation of Michael Field. He was defeated in 1998, when the House was reduced in size.

Michael Field (politician)
Michael Walter Field AC (born 28 May 1948 in Latrobe, Tasmania), is a former Australian politician, holding office as the Premier of Tasmania between 1989 and 1992. Field is also a former chancellor of the University of Tasmania, holding that position from January 2013 to 30 June 2021. He was leader of the Tasmanian Branch of the Labor Party from 1988 until his retirement in 1996. Field is best known for operating in minority government with the support of the Independents, Tasmania's nascent Green party, with an agreement known as the Labor–Green Accord.
Tamdaotettix
Tamdaotettix is a genus of cave or camel crickets in the subfamily Aemodogryllinae and tribe Diestramimini.  Originating in Asia, species have been found in the Indo-China region.

The first species to be found, Tamdaotettix vinhphuensis, was placed in the similar genus Atachycines by A.V. Gorochov, based on specimens found in Tam Dao National Park in the Vinh Phu Province of Vietnam.

Rhaphidophoridae
The orthopteran family Rhaphidophoridae of the suborder Ensifera has a worldwide distribution. Common names for these insects include cave crickets, camel crickets, spider crickets (sometimes shortened to "criders" or "sprickets"), and sand treaders. Those occurring in New Zealand are typically referred to as jumping or cave wētā. Most are found in forest environments or within caves, animal burrows, cellars, under stones, or in wood or  similar environments. All species are flightless and nocturnal, usually with long antennae and legs. More than 500 species of Rhaphidophoridae are described.

The well-known field crickets are from a different superfamily (Grylloidea) and only look vaguely similar, while members of the family Tettigoniidae may look superficially similar in body form.
Narada multicast protocol
The Narada multicast protocol is a set of specifications which can be used to implement overlay multicast functionality on computer networks.

It constructs an overlay tree from a redundantly meshed graph of nodes, source specific shortest path trees are then constructed from reverse paths. The group management is equally distributed on all nodes because each overlay node keeps track of all its group members through periodic heartbeats of all members. The discovery and tree building is similar to DVMRP.

Overlay network
An overlay network is a logical computer network that is layered on top of a physical network. The concept of overlay networking is distinct from the traditional model of OSI layered networks, and almost always assumes that the underlay network is an IP network of some kind.

Some examples of overlay networking technologies are, VXLAN, BGP VPNs, and IP-over-IP technologies, such as GRE, IPSEC tunnels, or SD-WAN.
English relative words
The English relative words are words in English used to mark a clause, noun phrase or preposition phrase as relative. The central relative words in English include who, whom, whose, which, why, and while, as shown in the following examples, each of which has the relative clause in bold:

We should celebrate the things which we hold dear.

I've been studying hard, which explains my good grades.

I finally met Jordan, who had been away.

That's the reason why it works.

Most also belong to the set of English interrogative words but function differently as relative words.

The subordinator that is widely regarded as a relative word, though one with different properties from the others.

English clause syntax
This article describes the syntax of clauses in the English language, chiefly in Modern English. A clause is often said to be the smallest grammatical unit that can express a complete proposition. But this semantic idea of a clause leaves out much of English clause syntax. For example, clauses can be questions,: 161  but questions are not propositions. A syntactic description of an English clause is that it is a subject and a verb. But this too fails, as a clause need not have a subject, as with the imperative,: 170  and, in many theories, an English clause may be verbless.: 222  The idea of what qualifies varies between theories and has changed over time.
Mauston, Wisconsin
Mauston is a city in and the county seat of Juneau County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 4,347 as of the 2020 census. It is approximately 70 miles northwest from the state capital, Madison.

Wisconsin Highway 82
State Trunk Highway 82 (often called Highway 82, STH-82 or WIS 82) is a state highway in Wisconsin, United States. It runs east–west in southwest and south central Wisconsin from the Iowa border near Lansing, IA to Oxford.

This highway is a low traffic highway for its entire length.
Horneline Creek Provincial Park
Horneline Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park in far northern British Columbia, Canada.  It is located west of the Kechika River about 130 km south of Lower Post and 30 km north of Denetiah Provincial Park and southwest of the community of Liard River. It can be accessed via river boat or by foot.

The park protects mountain goat habitat, namely a canyon formed by Horneline Creek cutting through a glacial terrace, and is accessed via the Kechika River, with a 250 km boat trip from Fireside.  The Davie Trail, a historic trail from Fort Ware to Lower Post, traverses part of the Kechika River next to the Rocky Mountain Trench.

Lower Post
Lower Post is an aboriginal community in the Stikine Region of far northern British Columbia, Canada, located on Highway 97, the Alaska Highway, approximately 15 miles (24 kilometres) southeast of Watson Lake, Yukon. Its historical mile designation is Mile 620. It is located near the confluence of the Dease and Liard Rivers.
Pedro Laso de la Vega
Pedro Laso de la Vega (before 1520–1554) was one of the people elected as councilors for Toledo, Spain at the start of the Revolt of the Comuneros. He along with Juan de Padilla was one of the original leaders of the revolt but he later turned against it as it shifted to a position more in opposition to the interests of the nobles.

Juan López de Padilla
Juan López de Padilla (1490 – 24 April 1521) was an insurrectionary leader in the Castilian War of the Communities, where the people of Castile made a stand against policies of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and his Flemish ministers.
Robert A. Rushworth
Robert Aitken "Bob" Rushworth (October 9, 1924 – March 18, 1993) was a United States Air Force major general, World War II, Korean War and Vietnam War pilot, mechanical and aeronautical engineer, test pilot and astronaut. He was one of twelve pilots who flew the North American X-15, an experimental spaceplane jointly operated by the Air Force and NASA. He flew 34 of the program's 199 flights, more than any other pilot.

On June 27, 1963, he flew the X-15 to an altitude above 50 miles, thereby qualifying as an astronaut according to the United States definition of the boundary of space. However, this altitude did not surpass the Kármán line, the internationally accepted boundary of 100 kilometers (62 miles).

National Aviation Hall of Fame
The National Aviation Hall of Fame (NAHF) is a museum, annual awards ceremony and learning and research center that was founded in 1962 as an Ohio non-profit corporation in Dayton, Ohio, United States, known as the "Birthplace of Aviation" with its connection to the Wright brothers. In 2017, the annual induction was held in Fort Worth, Texas, as the organization began rotating the ceremony among various cities.
Zedekiah Kidwell
Zedekiah Kidwell (January 4, 1814 – April 27, 1872) was a nineteenth-century politician, physician, lawyer, teacher and clerk from Virginia and West Virginia. He served two terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1853 to 1857.

Fairmont, West Virginia
Fairmont is a city in Marion County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. The population was 18,313 at the 2020 census, making it the eighth-most populous city in the state. It is the principal city of the Fairmont micropolitan area, which includes all of Marion County in North Central West Virginia and had a population of 56,205 in 2020. Fairmont is also a principal city of the larger Morgantown–Fairmont combined statistical area. The city is home to Fairmont State University, serving more than 3,000 students.
Foreign body aspiration
Foreign body aspiration occurs when a foreign body enters the airway which can cause difficulty breathing or choking. Objects may reach the respiratory tract and the digestive tract from the mouth and nose, but when an object enters the respiratory tract it is termed aspiration. The foreign body can then become lodged in the trachea or further down the respiratory tract such as in a bronchus. Regardless of the type of object, any aspiration can be a life-threatening situation and requires timely recognition and action to minimize risk of complications. While advances have been made in management of this condition leading to significantly improved clinical outcomes, there were still 2,700 deaths resulting from foreign body aspiration in 2018.  Approximately one child dies every five days due to choking on food in the United States, highlighting the need for improvements in education and prevention.

Bronchoscopy
Bronchoscopy is an endoscopic technique of visualizing the inside of the airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. An instrument (bronchoscope) is inserted into the airways, usually through the nose or mouth, or occasionally through a tracheostomy. This allows the practitioner to examine the patient's airways for abnormalities such as foreign bodies, bleeding, tumors, or inflammation. Specimens may be taken from inside the lungs. The construction of bronchoscopes ranges from rigid metal tubes with attached lighting devices to flexible optical fiber instruments with realtime video equipment.
Hal Ashby's unrealized projects
During his career, American film director Hal Ashby worked on a number of projects which never progressed beyond the pre-production stage under his direction. Some of these productions fell into development hell or were cancelled, while others remain unrealized as of his death.

Robert Downey Sr.
Robert John Downey Sr. (né Elias Jr.; June 24, 1936 – July 7, 2021) was an American film director, screenwriter and actor. He was known for writing and directing the underground films Putney Swope (1969), a satire on the New York Madison Avenue advertising world, and  Greaser's Palace (1972), a surrealist Western. According to film scholar Wheeler Winston Dixon, Downey's films during the 1960s were "strictly take-no-prisoners affairs, with minimal budgets and outrageous satire, effectively pushing forward the countercultural agenda of the day." He was the father of American actor Robert Downey Jr.
1932–33 Serie A
The 1932-33 Serie A was  the thirty-third edition of the Italian Football Championship and its fourth season since 1929 re-branding to create Serie A. It was the tenth season from which the Italian Football Champions adorned their team jerseys in the subsequent season with a Scudetto. Juventus were champions for the third of five successive season and for the fifth time in their history. This was their fourth scudetto since the scudetto started being awarded in 1924 and their third win contested as Serie A.

1923–24 Prima Divisione
The 1923-24 Prima Divisione was the twenty-fourth edition of the Italian Football Championship and the third branded Prima Divisione. The 1923–24 Prima Divisione was the ninth Italian Football Championship won by Genoa. Genoa's win that season was the first in which the Italian Football Champions celebrated by adorning the team jerseys the following season with a Scudetto.
2025 Copa Sevilla
The 2025 Copa Sevilla was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 27th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Seville, Spain between 1 and 6 September 2025.

2025 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2025 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2025 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 217 tournaments with prize money ranging from $60,000 up to $250,000. It was the 48th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 17th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Duke Memorial United Methodist Church
Duke Memorial United Methodist Church is a historic Methodist church at 504 W. Chapel Hill Street in Durham, North Carolina.
It was originally established in 1886. The congregation's growth paralleled Durham's growth as a manufacturing center in the textile and tobacco industries and has maintained a close connection with Duke University (formerly Trinity College). From its beginning, the church has counted among its members  many of Durham's educational and industrial elite. It is named in honor of tobacco magnate and philanthropist Washington Duke and his sons, who were instrumental in the building of the church.

John Carlisle Kilgo
John Carlisle Kilgo (July 22, 1861 – August 11, 1922) served as a bishop in the Methodist Episcopal Church, South (MECS) from 1910 to 1922. From 1894 to 1910, Kilgo was the president of Trinity College, in Durham, North Carolina, the predecessor of Duke University. Earlier, Kilgo was a circuit preacher in South Carolina and a financial agent of Wofford College.