hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Random walk
In mathematics, a random walk, sometimes known as a drunkard's walk, is a stochastic process that describes a path that consists of a succession of random steps on some mathematical space.

An elementary example of a random walk is the random walk on the integer number line  which starts at 0, and at each step moves +1 or −1 with equal probability. Other examples include the path traced by a molecule as it travels in a liquid or a gas (see Brownian motion), the search path of a foraging animal, or the price of a fluctuating stock and the financial status of a gambler. Random walks have applications to engineering and many scientific fields including ecology, psychology, computer science, physics, chemistry, biology, economics, and sociology. The term random walk was first introduced by Karl Pearson in 1905.

Realizations of random walks can be obtained by Monte Carlo simulation.

Expected value
In probability theory, the expected value (also called expectation, expectancy, expectation operator, mathematical expectation, mean, expectation value, or first moment) is a generalization of the weighted average.

The expected value of a random variable with a finite number of outcomes is a weighted average of all possible outcomes. In the case of a continuum of possible outcomes, the expectation is defined by integration. In the axiomatic foundation for probability provided by measure theory, the expectation is given by Lebesgue integration.

The expected value of a random variable X is often denoted by , , or , with E also often stylized as ,  or E.
Megalithic Walls of Altamura
The Megalithic Walls of Altamura (Italian: Mura megalitiche di Altamura) are defensive walls dating back to the 4th century BCE. They were the city walls of the ancient city of Altamura, Italy. Nowadays, only a few parts of the original wall remain; the original track of the wall spanned over a length of about 3.6 km. They were about 4 meters high, while the base of the walls was about 5 meters wide.

The megalithic walls are often confused with the city walls of today's Altamura historic center, of which fragments remain today in some parts as well. The two walls refer to different time periods and to different parts of the city: the megalithic walls refer to the ancient city, which was later abandoned or sacked, while the walls of Altamura historic center refer to the period starting from the founding of Altamura by king Frederick II of Hohenstaufen (13th century AD).

Biblioteca Angelica
The Biblioteca Angelica (English: Angelica Library) is a public library located in Rome, Italy. In front of the Piazza Sant'Agostino square, adjacent to the church of Sant'Agostino, not far from Piazza Navona. Having been open to the public since 1609, it is considered the oldest public library in Europe along with the Biblioteca Ambrosiana in Milan and the Bodleian in Oxford.

The library holds about over 200,000 volumes, about half of which makes up the 'fondo antico' (15th–18th century editions). Manuscripts number about 2,700, mostly Latin but also Greek and Oriental (among them Codex Angelicus), incunabula 1,100, 16th century editions about 20,000. These works are important for our knowledge of the history of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation.
Niclas Jensen
Niclas Christian Monberg Jensen (born 17 August 1974) is a Danish former professional football player and current football agent. He played as a left-back, and most notably won three Danish Superliga championships with F.C. Copenhagen. He played abroad for Dutch club PSV Eindhoven, English clubs Manchester City and Fulham, as well as German club Borussia Dortmund. Jensen played 62 games for the Denmark national team between 1998 and 2008, representing Denmark at the 2002 FIFA World Cup and 2004 European Championship. He was named 1995 Danish Under-21 Player of the Year.

He is the older brother of Denmark national team player Daniel Jensen.

2006–07 Danish Superliga
The 2006–07 Danish Superliga season was the 17th season of the Danish Superliga league championship, which determined the winners of the Danish football championship. It was governed by the Danish Football Association. It took place from the first match on July 19, 2006 to the final match on May 27, 2007. The ending date was discussed to be postponed to mid-June, if the Danish under-21 national team missed qualification for the UEFA U-21 Championship 2007, as they did, but instead the date was moved from Pentecost Monday to Pentecost Sunday.

The Danish champions qualified for UEFA Champions League 2007–08 qualification. The runners-up qualified for UEFA Cup 2007–08 qualification. The third-place finishers qualified for the UEFA Intertoto Cup 2007. The 11th and 12th placed teams were relegated to the 1st Division. The 1st Division champions and runners-up are promoted to the Superliga.

The fixture schedule can be seen here Archived 2006-06-30 at the Wayback Machine.
Smith's Hill High School
Smith's Hill High School is a government-funded co-educational academically selective secondary day school, located in Wollongong, in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1916, the school enrolled approximately 730 students in 2018, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom 32 percent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education; the current Principal for the school is David Deitz.

Selective school (New South Wales)
Selective schools in New South Wales, Australia are government high schools operated by the New South Wales Department of Education that accept their students based upon their academic merit.

Each year, approximately 15,000 Year 6 students across the state of New South Wales optionally undertake the Selective High School Placement Test to seek one of the 3,600 places offered for first-year entry into selective high schools. For Year 8 to Year 12 entry into selective schools, students do not take an external test, however they can apply directly to a school for entry. The application package is standard to all government selective schools, with internal selection committees considering applications each year during August or September.
TRNA guanosine-2'-O-methyltransferase
In enzymology, a tRNA guanosine-2'-O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.34) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing 2'-O-methylguanosine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and tRNA, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and tRNA containing 2'-O-methylguanosine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:tRNA guanosine-2'-O-methyltransferase. Other names in common use include transfer ribonucleate guanosine 2'-methyltransferase, tRNA guanosine 2'-methyltransferase, tRNA (guanosine 2')-methyltransferase, tRNA (Gm18) 2'-O-methyltransferase, tRNA (Gm18) methyltransferase, tRNA (guanosine-2'-O-)-methyltransferase, and S-adenosyl-L-methionine:tRNA (guanosine-2'-O-)-methyltransferase.

Transfer RNA
Transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA), formerly referred to as soluble ribonucleic acid (sRNA), is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length (in eukaryotes). In a cell, it provides the physical link between the genetic code in messenger RNA (mRNA) and the amino acid sequence of proteins, carrying the correct sequence of amino acids to be combined by the protein-synthesizing machinery, the ribosome. Each three-nucleotide codon in mRNA is complemented by a three-nucleotide anticodon in tRNA. As such, tRNAs are a necessary component of translation, the biological synthesis of new proteins in accordance with the genetic code.
Alabama State Route 285
State Route 285 (SR 285) is a 1.293-mile-long (2.081 km) route that serves as a connection between US 431 at Lakepoint State Park to SR 165 north of Wylaunee in eastern Barbour County. The entire route is known as Old Highway 165 for its entire length, as it is a former alignment of SR 165.

U.S. Route 431 in Alabama
U.S. Route 431 (US 431), internally designated by the Alabama Department of Transportation (ALDOT) as State Route 1 (SR 1), is a major north–south state highway across the eastern part of the U.S. state of Alabama. Although US 431's south end is in Dothan, SR 1 continues south for about 13 miles (21 km) along US 231 to the Florida state line.
2002 Siebel Open
The 2002 Siebel Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the HP Pavilion at San Jose in San Jose, California in the United States that was part of the International Series of the 2002 ATP Tour. It was the 114th edition of the tournament and was held from February 25 through March 3, 2002. First-seeded Lleyton Hewitt won the singles title.

2002 ATP Tour
The 2002 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2002 tennis season. The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organised by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the Tennis Masters Cup, the ATP Masters Series, the International Series Gold and the International Series tournaments.

This season marked the most recent occasion where eight different men appeared in the four major singles finals of a calendar year.
One Hundred and One Nations
101 Nations (Burmese: လူမျိုး ၁၀၁ ပါး), also translated as 101 Tribes or 101 Ethnicities , is a traditional Burmese catalogue form in which a set of "one hundred and one" ethnic groups are listed together. Originated from Buddhist Jatakas, this cultural motif appears in classical chronicles, folktales, religious sermons and local commemorative texts, and has been used historically as a way to symbolize the world as known to the Burmese people, to record tribute relationships, or to index ethnic diversity under a dynasty. In a way, it is comparable to the role the table of nations play in Judaeo Christianity. Many versions of the list exist, and there are many differences as well as overlaps between them.

Northern Thai people
The Northern Thai people, also known as Tai Yuan  (Thai: ไทยวน, [tʰaj˧ juan˧]) or Khon Mueang  (Northern Thai: ᨤᩫ᩠ᨶᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦ, คนเมือง pronounced [kʰon˧ mɯaŋ˧]), are a Tai ethnic group, native to nine provinces in Northern Thailand, principally in the area of the former kingdom of Lan Na. As a Tai group, they are closely related to Tai Lü and Tai Khün with regard to common culture, language and history in contrast to Thailand's dominant Thai ethnic group (referred to as Siamese or Central Thai). There are approximately 6 million Tai Yuan. Most of them live in Northern Thailand, with a small minority 29,442 (2005 census) living across the border in Bokeo Province of Laos. Their language is called Northern Thai, Lanna or Kham Mueang.
Political families of South Australia
This is a list of related persons who have held positions in the two South Australian houses of parliament or represented South Australia in Canberra. It includes some notes on people with identical surnames but no clear family connection.

Note: The following abbreviations have been used below: 
MHA = South Australian House of Assembly
MLC = South Australian Legislative Council, including original unicameral parliament (1840–56)
MHR = (Federal) House of Representatives

Indented entries indicate a son or daughter unless otherwise noted.

Electoral district of Sturt (South Australia)
Sturt (The Sturt until 1875) was an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia. It was named after the explorer Charles Sturt.

Sturt was one of the initial districts in the first parliament. It was initially centred on Unley, but later broadened to include all or part of Belair, Brighton, Glenelg, Goodwood, Hyde Park, Mitcham, Parkside and Sturt. When recreated in 1915, it also included Hawthorn and Wayville.
Antonigade
Antonigade is a street in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from Pilestræde in the southwest to Kristen Bernikows Gade in the northeast. No. 3 and No. 9 are listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places.

Kristen Bernikows Gade
Kristen Bernikows Gade is a street in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It extends north from the major shopping street Strøget to Grønnegade where it turns into Gammel Mønt. Together with Bremerholm, its extension to the south, it forms one of only two places where car traffic crosses pedestrianized Strøget on its way from Kongens Nytorv to the City Hall Square, the other being at Gammeltorv-Nytorv. The street is named for the nobleman Christian Barnekow, one of Christian IV's men, whose city home was located on the site. Most of the buildings date from a widening of the street in around 1900. They include the shopping archade Galleri K.
Shanaia Gomez
Shanaia Ricelle Tabuac Galorport (born May 15, 2002), better known by her stage name as Shanaia Gomez, is a Filipino-Italian actress and singer. She is best known for appearing in the 10th season of the ABS-CBN reality show Pinoy Big Brother.

Rise Artists Studio
Rise Artists Studio is a training and management subsidiary of ABS-CBN Films, in collaboration with Star Magic. It is responsible for scouting and developing aspiring artists, as well as maintaining the stardom of the artists it handles.

On February 6, 2020, Rise Artists Studio introduced the first batch of artists under its management, with 11 artists originally from Star Magic and two from Star Hunt.
2008–09 UEFA Cup qualifying rounds
The qualifying rounds for the 2008–09 UEFA Cup began on 17 July 2008. In total, there were two qualifying rounds which narrowed clubs down to 80 teams in preparation for the first round.

Times are CEST (UTC+2), as listed by UEFA.

2008–09 UEFA Cup
The 2008–09 UEFA Cup was the 38th season of the UEFA Cup football tournament. The final was played at the Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium, home ground of Fenerbahçe, in Istanbul on 20 May 2009. It was the last season to use the UEFA Cup format; starting in 2009, the competition was known as the UEFA Europa League. Ukraine's Shakhtar Donetsk defeat Werder Bremen 2–1 after extra time to win their first European title. Zenit Saint Petersburg the defending champions, were eliminated by Udinese in the Round of 16.
2018 Furman Paladins football team
The 2018 Furman Paladins team represented Furman University as a member of the Southern Conference (SoCon) during the 2018 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by second-year head coach Clay Hendrix, the Paladins compiled an overall record of 6–4 with a mark of 6–2 in conference play, sharing the SoCon title with East Tennessee and Wofford.  After tiebreakers, Furman did not receive the SoCon's automatic bid to the NCAA Division I Football Championship playoffs and the team did not receive an at-large bid. Furman home games at Paladin Stadium in Greenville, South Carolina.

2018 Wofford Terriers football team
The 2018 Wofford Terriers football team represented Wofford College in the 2018 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by first-year head coach Josh Conklin and played their home games at Gibbs Stadium. They were a member of the Southern Conference. They finished the season 9–4, 6–2 in SoCon play to finish in a tie for the SoCon championship alongside East Tennessee State and Furman. They received the automatic bid to the FCS Playoffs, where they defeated Elon in the first round before losing in the second round to Kennesaw State.
1994 Supercopa Libertadores finals
The 1994 Supercopa Libertadores Finals was the two-legged football series to decide a winner of the 1994 Supercopa Libertadores. It was contested by two Argentine teams, Independiente and Boca Juniors, which met in a final again after their first series in 1989.

In the first leg, played in La Bombonera in Buenos Aires, both teams tied 1–1. In the second leg, played in La Doble Visera in Avellaneda, Independiente won 1–0, taking revenge from the previous final in order to claim their first Supercopa Libertadores title.

1994 Supercopa Libertadores
The 1994 Supercopa Libertadores was the seventh season of the Supercopa Libertadores, a club football tournament for past Copa Libertadores winners. The tournament was won by Independiente, who beat Boca Juniors 2–1 on aggregate in the final.
Outline of Connecticut
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the U.S. state of Connecticut:

Connecticut – state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Called the "Constitution State" or the "Nutmeg state", Connecticut has a long history dating from early colonial times and was influential in the development of the federal government.  Connecticut enjoys a temperate climate due to its long coastline on Long Island Sound.

Geography of Connecticut
The U.S. state of Connecticut is bordered on the south by Long Island Sound, on the west by New York, on the north by Massachusetts, and on the east by Rhode Island. The state capital and fourth largest city is Hartford, and other major cities and towns (by population) include Bridgeport, New Haven, Stamford, Waterbury, Norwalk, Danbury, New Britain, Greenwich, and Bristol. There are 169 incorporated towns in Connecticut, with cities and villages included within some towns.
Khuramabad
Khuramabad is a hamlet located on the east side of Passu valley in Gojal, Hunza in Pakistan. It is used for pasture in winter. It is on the other side of the Hunza river from Passu village. There is no vehicle access across the river, only a long pedestrian suspension bridge crossing. Many tourists come to see the bridge. Above Khuramabad is a beautiful viewpoint called Abdegar, which offers panoramic views of many colorful mountains around Passu and Batura valley.

Gojal Tehsil
Gojal (Wakhi: وادی گوجال, Kyrgyz: گۉجال ۅرۅنۇ,), also called Upper Hunza, is situated in northwestern Pakistan. It borders China at the Khunjerab Pass and the Shimshal valley, and Afghanistan at the Chapursan valley. In 2019, Gojal Valley became the second Karachukar sub-division within the Hunza District. It is geographically the largest subdivision of Gilgit-Baltistan.

Gojal or Upper Hunza is composed of a number of large and small valleys sharing borders with Central Hunza to the south, China in the northeast, and Afghanistan in the northwest. Ainabad is the first village of Gojal. Except for the Shimshal, Misgar, and Chapursan valleys, all the villages of Gojal can be seen from the Karakoram Highway (KKH), which passes through the tehsil and enters China at the Khunjerab Pass. The Gojal region has 20,000 Ismaili residents. Gojal is predominantly populated by the Wakhi people.
Trixy G 4-2 R
The Trixy G 4-2 R ("Gyro For Two powered by Rotax") is an Austrian autogyro, designed and produced by Trixy Aviation Products of Dornbirn. The aircraft was introduced at the Aero show held in Friedrichshafen in 2011 and when it was available it was supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Rotax 912
The Rotax 912 is a horizontally-opposed four-cylinder, naturally-aspirated, four-stroke aircraft engine with a  reduction gearbox. It features liquid-cooled cylinder heads and air-cooled cylinders. Originally equipped with carburetors, later versions are fuel injected. Dominating the market for small aircraft and kitplanes, Rotax produced its 50,000th 912-series engine in 2014.  Originally available only for light sport aircraft, ultralight aircraft, autogyros and drones, the 912-series engine was approved for certified aircraft in 1995.
Cape Saint Ann
7°34′N 12°57′W﻿ / ﻿7.567°N 12.950°W﻿ / 7.567; -12.950

Cape Saint Ann is the northwest extremity of Sherborough Island, Sierra Leone.

From the tip of Saint Ann, the Shoals of Saint Ann extend out some 45 miles to the northwest, according to an 1852 nautical record.

Sherbro Island
Sherbro Island is in the Atlantic Ocean, and is included within Bonthe District, Southern Province, Sierra Leone. The island is separated from the African mainland by the Sherbro River in the north and Sherbro Strait in the east. It is 32 miles (51 km) long and up to 15 miles (24 km) wide, covering an area of approximately 230 square miles (600 km2). The western extremity is Cape St. Ann. Bonthe, on the eastern end, is the chief port and commercial centre.

Historically, this was part of the territory of the historic Sherbro people, who dominated a large area of what is now Sierra Leone. Today they are concentrated in the southern and central part of Moyamba District. They make up by far the largest ethnic group in the island, where the total population is 28,457. The island has more than 65 miles (105 km) of tropical beaches. It has been earmarked by the Ministry for Tourism and Development of Sierra Leone for tourism development.
Cervical polyp
A cervical polyp is a common benign polyp or tumour on the surface of the cervical canal. They can cause irregular menstrual bleeding but often show no symptoms. Treatment consists of simple removal of the polyp and prognosis is generally good. About 1% of cervical polyps will show neoplastic change which may lead to cancer. They are most common in post-menarche, pre-menopausal women who have been pregnant.

Polyp (medicine)
A polyp is an abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane. Polyps are commonly found in the colon, stomach, nose, ear, sinus(es), urinary bladder, and uterus. They may also occur elsewhere in the body where there are mucous membranes, including the cervix, vocal folds, and small intestine.

If it is attached by a narrow elongated stalk, it is said to be pedunculated; if it is attached without a stalk, it is said to be sessile.

Some polyps are tumors (neoplasms) and others are non-neoplastic, for example hyperplastic or dysplastic, which are benign. The neoplastic ones are usually benign, although some can be pre-malignant, or concurrent with a malignancy.
Zhang Ling (runner)
Zhang Ling (born 13 April 1980) is a female Chinese middle-distance runner.

On 18 October 1997 in Shanghai she ran the 1500 metres in 3:54.52 minutes. This ranked her eighth in the world all-time lists, behind Qu Yunxia, Jiang Bo, Lang Yinglai, Wang Junxia, Tatyana Kazankina, Yin Lili, Paula Ivan, Lan Lixin and Olga Dvirna. This is also the world record for youth (aged 17 or less) athletes.

Lang Yinglai
Lang Yinglai (born 22 August 1979) is a female Chinese former middle-distance runner.

On 18 October 1997 at the 1997 National Games of China in Shanghai she ran the 1500 metres in 3:51.34 minutes, taking the silver medal behind Jiang Bo. This time ranks her as the fourth fastest in the world of all time, only behind Genzebe Dibaba, Qu Yunxia and Jiang. This is also the world record for junior athletes. Four days later she won the 800 metres title at the National Games in 1:57.62. She took an 800 m and 1500 m double at the 1997 Asian Junior Athletics Championships.

Lang never had a distinguished career after this, rarely competing internationally.
Leonardo Jardim
José Leonardo Nunes Alves Sousa Jardim (European Portuguese: [liuˈnaɾðu ʒɐɾˈðĩ]; born 1 August 1974) is a Portuguese football manager.

He started working at the professional level at the age of 35, initially with Camacha and Chaves, before winning promotion to the Primeira Liga with Beira-Mar in 2009–10. He later managed Braga, Olympiacos and Sporting CP.

Jardim joined Monaco in 2014, and led the club to its eighth Ligue 1 championship in 2016–17. After being dismissed in October 2018, he was replaced by Thierry Henry and reappointed in January 2019, before being sacked once again in December.

2022–23 UAE Pro League
The 2022–23 UAE Pro League was the 48th edition of the UAE Pro League. Al Ain were the defending champions after winning their fourteenth title last season. There was a mid-season break due to the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar.

Shabab Al Ahli won the Pro League for the eighth time.