hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
W. A. de Silva
Wilmot Arthur de Silva (15 March 1869 - April 1942) was a Ceylonese veterinary surgeon, politician and philanthropist. He was the Minister of Health (1936–1942) in the second State Council of Ceylon and a former President of the Ceylon National Congress.

Ministry of Health (Sri Lanka)
The Ministry of Health (Sinhala: සෞඛ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශය, romanized: Saukhya Amāthyānshaya; Tamil: சுகாதார அமைச்சு, romanized: Cukātāra Amaiccu) is the central government ministry of Sri Lanka responsible for health. The ministry is responsible for formulating and implementing national policy on health, nutrition, indigenous medicine and other subjects which come under its purview.

Provincial councils are constitutionally responsible for operating the majority of the Sri Lanka's public hospitals but some, known as line ministry hospitals, come under the direct control of the central government in Colombo. As of 2016 there were 47 line ministry hospitals (including all of the country's teaching hospitals), accounting for 47% (36,000) of all public hospital beds in the country.

The current Minister of Health portfolio is held by Prime Minister Dr Harini Amarasuriya since 2024.
Yue Loong Feeling
The Yue Loong Feeling (Chinese: 裕隆飛羚; pinyin: Yùlóng Fēilíng) 101/102 is a compact car built in Taiwan by the Yue Loong Motor Company from 1986 until 1995. It is available in both five-door notchback and five-door fastback body styles.

Compact car
Compact car is a vehicle size class—predominantly used in North America—that sits between subcompact cars and mid-size cars. "Small family car" is a British term and a part of the C-segment in the European car classification. However, before the downsizing of the United States car industry in the 1970s and 1980s, larger vehicles with wheelbases up to 110 in (2.79 m) were considered "compact cars" in the United States.
Carlos Chávez (football administrator)
Carlos Alberto Chávez Landívar (26 November 1958 – 3 August 2018) was a Bolivian business executive who was the head of the Bolivian Football Federation, and former treasurer of CONMEBOL. He was arrested in July 2015, as part of the 2015 FIFA corruption case, and stands accused of "alleged corruption in the management of resources".

He is also accused of profiting from the disgrace of the death of a young Bolivian fan (Kevin Douglas Beltrán Espada).

Bolivian Football Federation
The Bolivian Football Federation (Spanish: Federación Boliviana de Fútbol, locally [feðeɾaˈsjom boliˈβjana ðe ˈfuðβol]; FBF) is the governing body of football in Bolivia. It was founded in 1925, making it the eighth oldest South American federation. It affiliated to CONMEBOL and FIFA in 1926 and is in charge of the Bolivia national football team.

The FBF is the federation of two entities:

Bolivian Primera División (Bolivian Professional Football League): comprises the 12 professional football teams in the first division.

Asociación de Fútbol Nacional (ANF) (National Football Association): 9 departmental football associations, one from each of Bolivia's nine departments.
Rio Grande Compact
The Rio Grande Compact is an interstate compact signed in 1938 in the United States between the states of Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas, and approved by the United States Congress, to equitably apportion the waters of the Rio Grande Basin.

Interstate compact
In the United States, an interstate compact is a legally binding pact or agreement between two or more states, or between states and any foreign sub-national government. Common reasons for creating interstate compacts include resolving boundary disputes, cooperative management of infrastructure, and reducing administrative barriers. Interstate compacts are subject to congressional regulation. The history of interstate compacts ranges from treaties that predate the Constitution to the present day.
John Dewey bibliography
This list of publications by John Dewey complements the partial list contained in the John Dewey article.

Dewey (1859–1952) was an American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer, whose thoughts and ideas have been greatly influential in the United States and around the world. He was a prolific writer and, over a career spanning some 65 years, his output was extraordinary, covering a wide range of topics.

The full collection of his writings, making up 37 volumes, has been edited by JoAnn Boydston for the Southern Illinois University Press (Carbondale, Illinois), as follows:

The Early Works, 1882–1898 (5 volumes)

The Middle Works, 1899–1924 (15 volumes)

The Later Works (17 volumes)

G. P. Putnam's Sons
G. P. Putnam's Sons is an American book publisher based in New York City, New York. The publisher was founded in 1838 and features books by authors such as Renée Ahdieh, C. J. Box, Edgar Allan Poe, and many others. Since 1996, it has been an imprint of the Penguin Group.
Lawrence Donald Soens
Lawrence Donald Soens (August 26, 1926 – November 1, 2021) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.  He served as bishop of the Diocese of Sioux City in Iowa from 1983 to 1998.

In 2008, the Diocese of Davenport in Iowa announced multiple credible accusations that Soens had sexually abused children as a priest.

Diocese of Davenport
The Diocese of Davenport (Latin: Diœcesis Davenportensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church for the southeastern quarter of the state of Iowa in the United States. The bishop is Dennis Gerard Walsh. The see city for the diocese is Davenport, where Sacred Heart Cathedral is located.
Youth of the Croatian Democratic Union
The Youth of the Croatian Democratic Union (Croatian: Mladež Hrvatske demokratske zajednice), abbreviated to MHDZ, is the youth organisation of the Croatian Democratic Union. To be a member, one has to be between 16 and 30 years old. The MHDZ was founded on 13 September 1990.

Croatian Democratic Union
The Croatian Democratic Union (Croatian: Hrvatska demokratska zajednica, lit. 'Croatian Democratic Community', HDZ) is a major conservative, centre-right to right-wing political party in Croatia. Since 2016, it has been the ruling political party in Croatia under the incumbent Prime Minister Andrej Plenković. It is one of the two major contemporary political parties in Croatia, along with the centre-left Social Democratic Party (SDP). It is currently the largest party in the Sabor with 55 seats. The HDZ governed Croatia from 1990 before the country gained independence from Yugoslavia until 2000 and, in coalition with junior partners, from 2003 to 2011, and since 2016. HDZ is a member of the Centrist Democrat International, International Democracy Union, and the European People's Party, and sits in the European People's Party Group in the European Parliament. HDZ is the first political party in Croatia to be convicted of corruption.
Hämeenmäki
Hämeenmäki is a village in Hirvensalmi, Finland. It is located on an isthmus between the lakes Suontee and Vahvajärvi. A notable landmark in the village is Herranmäki, a hill 543 feet (166 m) high where a wooden triangulation tower once stood. Now the hilltop grows lodgepole pine. Hämeenmäki once had a store of its own, nowadays the nearest store is in the neighboring village of Tuukkala. There is also a beach called Palmuranta on the shore of lake Suontee.

61°40′59″N 26°35′32″E﻿ / ﻿61.68306°N 26.59222°E﻿ / 61.68306; 26.59222

Hirvensalmi
Hirvensalmi is a municipality of Finland.

It is located in the South Savo region. The municipality has a population of 2,046
(30 June 2025) and covers an area of 746.59 square kilometres (288.26 sq mi) of
which 281.2 km2 (108.6 sq mi)
is water. The population density is
4.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (11/sq mi).

Neighbour municipalities: Joutsa, Kangasniemi, Mikkeli, Mäntyharju and Pertunmaa.

Hirvensalmi is often said to be an island municipality. Most people live on the mainland, but living on an island is not unheard of. Most islands, though, are only inhabited during the summer holidays, when holidaymakers come mainly from Southern Finland and double the population of Hirvensalmi. In the north lake Puula marks the border of Hirvensalmi and Kangasniemi, and in the west lake Suontee separates it from Joutsa.

The municipality is unilingual Finnish.
Kharkiv Institute of Labor
Kharkiv Institute of Labor (All-Ukrainian Institute of Labor) (Kharkivskyi instytut truda, Vseukrainskyi instytut truda) — was a research center based in Kharkiv from 1921 to 1930. The institute conducted pioneering research in the areas of intellect psychology, the application of mathematical-statistical methods, and computing machines for processing statistical information. It also delved into the organization of industrial and agricultural production, optimization of work and management processes in both commercial and governmental organizations. In addition to scientific research, the institute provided consultancy and developed projects for trade, industrial and cooperative enterprises, as well as public organizations and institutions. It was one of the leading centers of the movement for scientific organization of labor (NOT) in the early Soviet Union.

All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions
The All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions (ACCTU; Russian: Всесоюзный центральный совет профессиональных союзов, VTsSPS) was the  national trade union federation of the Soviet Union.

The federation was established in January 1918.  In October 1990, it was dissolved, and replaced by the General Confederation of Trade Unions of the USSR.
2025 Soma Bay Open
The 2025 Soma Bay Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hardcourts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Soma Bay, Egypt between 17 and 23 November 2025.

2025 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2025 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2025 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 217 tournaments with prize money ranging from $60,000 up to $250,000. It was the 48th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 17th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Food Paradise season 1
The first season of Food Paradise, an American food reality television series narrated by Mason Pettit on the Travel Channel, premiered on December 17, 2007. First-run episodes of the series aired in the United States on the Travel Channel on Mondays at 10:00 p.m. EDT. The season contained 15 episodes and concluded airing on April 26, 2008.

Food Paradise features the best places to find various cuisines at food locations across America. Each episode focuses on a certain type of restaurant, such as "Diners", "Bars", "Drive-Thrus" or "Breakfast" places that people go to find a certain food specialty.

Travel Channel
Travel Channel (stylized as Trvl Channel since 2018) is an American pay television channel owned by Warner Bros. Discovery, who previously owned the channel from 1997 to 2007. The channel is headquartered in Manhattan, with offices in Silver Spring, Maryland, and Knoxville, Tennessee.

Travel Channel features documentaries, reality, and how-to shows related to travel and leisure around the United States and throughout the world. Programming has included shows on African animal safaris, tours of grand hotels and resorts, visits to significant cities and towns around the world, programming about various foods around the world, and programming about ghosts and the paranormal in notable buildings.

As of November 2023, Travel Channel is available to approximately 67,000,000 pay television households in the United States-down from its 2011 peak of 96,000,000 households.
DNSCrypt
DNSCrypt is a network protocol that authenticates and encrypts Domain Name System (DNS) traffic between the user's computer and recursive name servers.  DNSCrypt wraps unmodified DNS traffic between a client and a DNS resolver in a cryptographic construction, preventing eavesdropping and forgery by a man-in-the-middle.

It also mitigates UDP-based amplification attacks by requiring a question to be at least as large as the corresponding response. Thus, DNSCrypt helps to prevent DNS amplification attacks.: §9

DNSCrypt was originally designed by Frank Denis and Yecheng Fu. Multiple free and open source software implementations exist. It is available for a variety of operating systems, including Unix, Apple iOS, Linux, Android, and Microsoft Windows. The free and open source software implementation dnscrypt-proxy  additionally integrates ODoH.

Curve25519
In cryptography, Curve25519 is an elliptic curve used in elliptic-curve cryptography (ECC) offering 128 bits of security (256-bit key size) and designed for use with the Elliptic-curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH) key agreement scheme, first described and implemented by Daniel J. Bernstein.  It is one of the fastest curves in ECC, and is not covered by any known patents. The reference implementation is public domain software.

The original Curve25519 paper defined it as a Diffie–Hellman (DH) function. Bernstein has since proposed that the name Curve25519 be used for the underlying curve, and the name X25519 for the DH function.
Hyōgo 8th district
Hyogo 8th district (兵庫県第8区, Hyōgo-ken Dai-hachiku), also referred to as Hyōgo hachi-ku (兵庫8区), is a constituency of the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It is located in southwestern Hyōgo and consists of the city of Amagasaki. As of September 2015, 379,207 eligible voters were registered in the district. It is one of the 48 districts in the Kansai region that form the Kinki proportional representation block.

The district was established as part of the electoral reform of 1994; the area was previously part of Hyōgo 2nd district that elected five representatives by single non-transferable vote.

Since the district's creation, it has been represented by: former Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Tetsuzo Fuyushiba, former governor of Nagano Prefecture Yasuo Tanaka, and Hiromasa Nakano, who worked under Fuyushiba in the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport.

Amagasaki
Amagasaki (尼崎市, Amagasaki-shi) is an industrial city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 November 2022, the city had an estimated population of 455,555 in 223,812 households, and a population density of 9000 persons per km². The total area of the city is 50.72 km2 (19.58 sq mi).
Donald L. Klein
Donald Lee Klein (born December 19, 1930) is an American inventor and chemist, most known for inventing the process to fabricate the self-aligned gate MOSFET transistor along with Robert E. Kerwin and John C. Sarace in 1967 at Bell Labs.

In 1994, together with Kerwin and Sarace, Klein received the IEEE Jack A. Morton award (renamed in 2000 to the IEEE Andrew S. Grove Award) "For pioneering work and the basic patent on the self-aligned silicon-gate process, a key element in fabrication of very large scale integrated circuits."

That same year, Klein, Kerwin and Sarace were declared "Inventors of the Year" by the New Jersey Inventors Hall of Fame.

Inorganic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry deals with synthesis and behavior of inorganic and organometallic compounds. This field covers chemical compounds that are not carbon-based, which are the subjects of organic chemistry. The distinction between the two disciplines is far from absolute, as there is much overlap in the subdiscipline of organometallic chemistry. It has applications in every aspect of the chemical industry, including catalysis, materials science, pigments, surfactants, coatings, medications, fuels, and agriculture.
Historiography of Korea
The historiography of Korea refers to the study and methods of compiling the history of Korea. This field has evolved over time, reflecting different periods and cultural contexts. During the Joseon period, historical narratives were influenced by the royal court, emphasizing a state-centric view. However, during the Korean independence movement and the Japanese colonial period, Korean historiography shifted towards a more realistic analysis and critical thinking. Modern Korean historiography seeks to provide a multi-dimensional understanding through independent perspectives, diverse theories, and methodologies, highlighting the distinctive characteristics and significance of Korean history.

Pak Ŭnsik
Pak Ŭnsik (September 30, 1859 – November 1, 1925) was a Korean historian and the second President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea in Shanghai during part of 1925. Soon after the impeachment of Syngman Rhee from the presidency, Pak was elected the president, but he soon died from illness while in office. Pak was succeeded by Yi Sang-ryong as the president.
Yiqi, Anhui
Yiqi (Chinese: 奕棋; pinyin: Yìqí) is a town under the administration of Tunxi District, Huangshan City, Anhui, China. As of 2023, it administers Longjing Residential Community (龙井社区) and the following nine villages:

Yiqi Village

Xu Village (徐村)

Lintang Village (林塘村)

Chatang Village (查塘村)

Bo Village (博村)

Jiang Village (江村)

Zhanchuan Village (占川村)

Yaogan Village (瑶干村)

Zhu Village (朱村)

Tunxi District
Tunxi District (Chinese: 屯溪区; pinyin: Túnxī Qū) is the central district and the administrative seat of Huangshan City, Anhui Province, eastern China.

It has a population of 217,637 (2010) and an area of 249 square kilometres (96 sq mi). Tunxi District has jurisdiction over four subdistricts and five towns.

The most well-known tourist spot is the Old Town, although Tunxi is also close to the Huangshan Mountain Range and Hongcun Village, both of which are World Heritage Sites.
Sandsøy Church
Sandsøy Church (Norwegian: Sandsøy kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located in the village of Sandsøy on the island of Sandsøya. It is one of the churches for the Vågsfjord parish which is part of the Trondenes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1888 using plans drawn up by the architect Ole Scheistrøen. The church seats about 200 people.

Harstad Municipality
Harstad (Norwegian: [ˈhɑ̂ʂːʈɑ] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Hárstták) is the second-most populated municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is mostly located on the large island of Hinnøya. The municipal center is the town of Harstad, which is the most populous town in Central Hålogaland and the third-largest in all of Northern Norway. The town was incorporated in 1904. Villages in the municipality include Elgsnes, Fauskevåg, Gausvika, Grøtavær, Kasfjord, Lundenes, Nergården and Sørvika.

The 445-square-kilometre (172 sq mi) municipality is the 225th largest by area out of Norway's 357 municipalities and the 49th most populous, with a population of 25,056. The municipality's population density is 56.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (146/sq mi) and the population has increased by 2.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Elliptic-curve Diffie–Hellman
Elliptic-curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH) is a key agreement protocol that allows two parties, each having an elliptic-curve public–private key pair, to establish a shared secret over an insecure channel. This shared secret may be directly used as a key, or to derive another key.  The key, or the derived key, can then be used to encrypt subsequent communications using a symmetric-key cipher. It is a variant of the Diffie–Hellman protocol using elliptic-curve cryptography.

Daniel J. Bernstein
Daniel Julius Bernstein (born October 29, 1971) is an American mathematician, cryptologist, and computer scientist. He is a professor of computer science at the University of Illinois Chicago. He was a visiting professor in the department of mathematics and computer science at the Eindhoven University of Technology, and a visiting professor at CASA at Ruhr University Bochum through 2023.
Popcorn maker
A popcorn maker (also called a popcorn popper) is a machine used to make popcorn. Since ancient times, popcorn has been a popular snack food, produced through the explosive expansion of kernels of heated corn (maize). Charles Cretors invested in commercial large-scale popcorn machines in the late 19th century. Many types of small-scale home methods for popping corn also exist.

Commercial popcorn machines are commonly found in movie theaters and carnivals, producing popcorn in a pan of hot oil, so approximately 45% of the calories are derived from fat. Hot-air popcorn poppers for home use appeared in the late 1970s; these produce popcorn with only 5% of its calories derived from fat.

The majority of popcorn sold for home consumption is now packaged in a microwave popcorn bag for use in a microwave oven. As a result, the popularity of popcorn makers for home use has greatly decreased in the last few decades.

National Presto Industries
National Presto Industries is a company founded in 1905 in Eau Claire, Wisconsin. Originally called "Northwestern Steel and Iron Works" the company changed its name to the "National Pressure Cooker Company" in 1929 and then National Presto Industries, Inc. 1953. The company originally produced pressure canners for commercial, and later home, use. Beginning in 1939, the company introduced small home-use cooking appliances. The company was admitted to the New York Stock Exchange on March 3, 1969.
Operator of last resort
An operator of last resort is a business in the United Kingdom that operates a railway franchise on behalf of the government when a train operating company (TOC) is no longer able to do so, and it is nationalised on an interim basis. Since the last appointment in June 2023, there are now six such operators of seven rail services in England, Wales and Scotland. In December 2024, following new legislation in November, it was announced that the first of the remaining contracted TOCs would be taken back into public ownership in May 2025.

Department for Transport
The Department for Transport (DfT) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is wholly responsible for overseeing the transport network in England, and for limited transport matters that are not devolved to the governments of Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales. The department develops national transport policy, coordinates infrastructure investment, and regulates transport services. It is headed by the Secretary of State for Transport, who is supported by a ministerial team and the Permanent Secretary as the department’s most senior civil servant.

The department’s expenditure, administration and policy are scrutinised by the Transport Select Committee.
Winnipeg Route 47
Route 47, locally known as Logan Avenue, is a city route in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It runs from Route 90 (King Edward Street) to Route 42 (the Disraeli Freeway).  It is primarily a collector road through industrial and older residential areas of north-central Winnipeg.

Route 47 runs just south of and parallel to Canadian Pacific Railway's Winnipeg Yard.

Logan Avenue is named after Robert Logan, a prominent administrator who worked for the North West Company at the Red River Settlement.

Winnipeg Route 90
Route 90 is a major north-south arterial route in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It begins at the South Perimeter Highway (PTH 100) and ends at the city's northwest limit, where it continues north as PTH 7. Route 90 is designated as the city's airport route, as it passes by Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport.