hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aachen Flugzeugbau
Aachen Flugzeugbau was a German aircraft manufacturer of the early 20th century, established around the time of World War I. With the end of the war, the prohibition on powered flight in Germany, the firm began to specialize in sailplane construction, and in 1921 became known as Aachener Segelflugzeugbau, producing designs by Wolfgang Klemperer. It was purchased by Junkers in 1923. In 1923 the K. F. glider-related light airplane (also a Klemperer design) was in production. In 1924 a two-seat low-wing monoplane was also flown.

Junkers
Junkers Flugzeug- und Motorenwerke AG (JFM, earlier JCO or JKO in World War I, English: Junkers Aircraft and Motor Works) more commonly Junkers [ˈjʊŋkɐs], was a major German aircraft and aircraft engine manufacturer. It was founded in Dessau, Germany, in 1895 by Hugo Junkers, initially manufacturing boilers and radiators.  During World War I and following the war, the company became famous for its pioneering all-metal aircraft. During World War II the company produced the German air force's planes, as well as piston and jet aircraft engines, albeit in the absence of its founder who had been removed by the Nazis in 1934.
Tropitidae
The Tropitidae is a family of Upper Triassic Ammonoidea belonging to the Tropitoidea, a superfamily of the Ceratitida

Tropitidae have subspherical to discoidal, involute to evolute shells with long body chambers and a ventral keel bordered by furrows. The surface may have ribs, nodes, or spines, or may be smooth. The suture is generally ammonitic, but may be ceratitic to goniatitic.

The derivation of the Tropitidae is uncertain but they seem to form a group along with the Tropiceltitidae and Haloritidae within the superfamily.

Ceratitida
Ceratitida is an order that contains almost all ammonoid cephalopod genera from the Triassic as well as ancestral forms from the Upper Permian, the exception being the phylloceratids which gave rise to the great diversity of post-Triassic ammonites.

Ceratitids overwhelmingly produced planospirally coiled discoidal shells that may be evolute with inner whorls exposed or involute with only the outer whorl showing. In a few later forms the shell became subglobular, in others, trochoidal or uncoiled. Sutures are typically ceratitic, with smooth saddles and serrate or digitized lobes. In a few the sutures are goniatitic while in others they are ammonitic.
Isudan Gadhvi
Isudan Gadhvi is an Indian politician and senior Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) leader from Gujarat. Currently, Gadhvi is the State President of the Aam Aadmi Party in Gujarat and a member of its National Executive. Formerly working as a media professional, he was known as a TV journalist and editor of VTV News as well as anchor of his popular news show Mahamanthan at VTV Gujarati. Since his joining active politics, Isudan became a popular face of AAP in Gujarat and was the party's Chief Ministerial candidate in the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election.

Chief minister
A chief minister is an elected or appointed head of government of – in most instances – a sub-national entity, for instance an administrative subdivision or federal constituent entity. Examples include a state (and sometimes a union territory) in India; a territory of Australia; a province of Sri Lanka or Pakistan; a federal province in Nepal; an autonomous region of Philippines; or a British Overseas Territory that has attained self-governance. It is also used as the English version of the title given to the heads of governments of the Malay states without a monarchy.

The title is also used in the Crown Dependencies of the Isle of Man (since 1986), in Guernsey (since 2004), and in Jersey (since 2005).

In 2018, Sierra Leone, a presidential republic, created the role of an appointed chief minister, which is similar to a prime minister in a semi-presidential system. Before that, only Milton Margai had the same position between 1954 and 1958.
State auditor
State auditors (also known as state comptrollers, state controllers, or state examiners, among others) are fiscal officers lodged in the executive or legislative branches of U.S. state governments who serve as external auditors, program evaluators, financial controllers, bookkeepers, or inspectors general of public funds. The office of state auditor may be a creature of the state constitution or one created by statutory law.

Washington State Auditor
The state auditor of Washington is an independently elected constitutional officer in the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of Washington. Eleven individuals have held the office since statehood. The incumbent is Pat McCarthy, a Democrat and the first woman to occupy the office.
Squircle
A squircle is a shape intermediate between a square and a circle. There are at least two definitions of "squircle" in use, one based on the superellipse, the other arising from work in optics. The word "squircle" is a portmanteau of the words "square" and "circle". Squircles have been applied in design and optics.

Shape
A shape is a graphical representation of an object's form or its external boundary, outline, or external surface. It is distinct from other object properties, such as color, texture, or material type.
In geometry, shape excludes information about the object's position, size, orientation and chirality.
A figure is a representation including both shape and size (as in, e.g., figure of the Earth).

A plane shape or plane figure is constrained to lie on a plane, in contrast to solid 3D shapes.
A two-dimensional shape or two-dimensional figure (also: 2D shape or 2D figure) may lie on a more general curved surface (a two-dimensional space).
R-symmetry
In theoretical physics, the R-symmetry is the symmetry transforming different supercharges in a theory with supersymmetry into each other. In the simplest case of the N=1 supersymmetry, such an R-symmetry is isomorphic to a global U(1) group or its discrete subgroup (for the Z2 subgroup it is called R-parity). For extended supersymmetry, the R-symmetry group becomes a global U(N) non-abelian group.

In a model that is classically invariant under both N=1 supersymmetry and conformal transformations, the closure of the superconformal algebra (at least on-shell) needs the introduction of a further bosonic generator that is associated to the R-symmetry.

Extended supersymmetry
In theoretical physics, extended supersymmetry is supersymmetry whose infinitesimal generators  carry not only a spinor index , but also an additional index  where  is integer (such as 2 or 4).

Extended supersymmetry is also called ,  supersymmetry, for example. Extended supersymmetry is very important for analysis of mathematical properties of quantum field theory and superstring theory.  The more extended supersymmetry is, the more it constrains physical observables and parameters.
1950 New Zealand Grand Prix
The 1950 New Zealand Grand Prix was a motor race held at the Ohakea Circuit on 18 March 1950. It was the first New Zealand Grand Prix to be held, was held to Formula Libre rules and was run by the Manuwatu Car Club.

The event was won by John McMillan driving a Jackson Special who was followed in close pursuit by Hec Green. The field consisted largely of local drivers with the only exception being Australian driver Garry Coglan who secured the pole position. Following this event, the New Zealand Grand Prix would lie dormant for three years before returning in 1954.

1954 New Zealand Grand Prix
The 1954 New Zealand Grand Prix was a motor race held at the Ardmore Circuit on 9 January 1954. This was the first New Zealand Grand Prix since 1950 and the second overall. This was also the first New Zealand Grand Prix to be held at the Ardmore Circuit, a venue that would be used for the Grand Prix until 1962.

The Grand Prix was won by Australian Stan Jones, driving the Maybach Special in a spectacular drive over Britain's Ken Wharton and fellow Australian, Tony Gaze. The result came in the midst of controversy after Horace Gould claimed to have finished ahead of Jones. Subsequent investigations and protests culminated in Gould being classified fourth.
2003 Euro Beach Soccer Cup
The 2003 Euro Beach Soccer Cup was the fifth Euro Beach Soccer Cup. Held in April 2003, it was one of Europe's two major beach soccer championships at the time in Liège, Belgium.
Portugal won the championship, claiming their third successive title and fourth overall, with France finishing second. This was the first time the final was not between Portugal and Spain since the tournament was established in 1998. Spain beat Germany in the third place playoff to finish third and fourth respectively. This was the first time the host nation had not featured in the top four places.

Eight teams participated in what was a straightforward knockout tournament, starting with the quarterfinals, with extra matches deciding the nations who finished in fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth place.

Euro Beach Soccer Cup
The Euro Beach Soccer Cup (EBSC), originally known as the European Pro Beach Soccer Championships until 2004, was a biennial (previously annual) beach soccer competition contested between European men's national teams, organised by Beach Soccer Worldwide (BSWW). Having started in 1998, the tournament's prestige has held in being one of the oldest and longest running beach soccer competitions in Europe and the world. It is currently merged with Euro Beach Soccer League.
Prättigau
The Prättigau is a geographical region in the canton of Grisons, Switzerland. It consists of the main valley of the river Landquart and the valleys of its side-rivers and creeks. Landquart River, which drains into the Alpine Rhine in the town of the same name, is on its upper end home to the ski resorts of Klosters.

Landquart is a village with a railway junction on the flat floor valley of the Alpine Rhine just north of Chur, the capital of the Grisons.

The Prättigau is a tourist destination for winter and summer activities, including downhill and cross-country skiing, tobogganing and hiking.

Traditionally, towns in the Prättigau were reliant on the lumber industry, although the income from tourism has largely replaced that.

The historical American Van Leer family claims lineage from this area through Swiss archives.

Alpine Rhine
The Alpine Rhine (German: Alpenrhein, pronounced [ˈalpn̩ˌʁaɪn] ⓘ) is the section of the river Rhine from its source in the Swiss Alps to Lake Constance. It begins in the centre of the Swiss canton of Grisons (Kanton Graubünden), and later forms the border between Switzerland to the west and Liechtenstein to the east, and later between Switzerland and Austria. It flows through the Alpine Rhine Valley.

There is no shipping on the Alpine Rhine.
Ladehammeren
Ladehammeren or Ladehammaren is a small mountain on the Lade peninsula in the city of Trondheim which is located within Trondheim Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located just south of the Korsvika area. Våttahaugen, the highest point of Ladehammeren, is 71 metres (233 ft) above sea level. Kjerringberget is another high point on the mountain.  The area of Ladehammeren was the site of a burial cairn during the Viking Age.

In the 18th century, there were plans for building a fort at Ladehammeren, but that never happened. Starting in 1848, the military used Ladehammern to store gunpowder. German forces used these buildings during the Nazi occupation of Norway, building a fortification and bunkers.

In 2000, a monument titled "Equilibrio North" was erected at Våttahaugen. The monument was the creation of German artist Rolf Schaffner (1927-2008).

Korsvika
Korsvika is a small residential area in the Lade area in the city of Trondheim in Trøndelag county, Norway. Korsvika is located in the Østbyen borough in Trondheim Municipality. It has several small beaches and the Ladestien trail runs through the area. Korsvika is also the site of "Korsvika barnehage", a local kindergarten.
Kol Zimrah
Kol Zimrah (transliterated from Hebrew as "Voice of Song") is an unaffiliated Jewish congregation, also called an independent minyan or chavurah, that is based on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, in New York City, New York, United States.

Chavurah
A chavurah or havurah  (Hebrew: חֲבוּרָה, romanized: ḥəḇurā, lit. 'fellowship' pl.: (c)havurahs or (c)havurot or (c)havuroth) is a small group of like-minded Jews who assemble to facilitate Shabbat and holiday prayer services and share communal experiences such as life-cycle events or learning.

Chavurot usually provide autonomous alternatives to established Jewish institutions and Jewish denominations. Many chavurot emphasize egalitarianism in the broad sense (of which gender egalitarianism is one piece), depending on participation by the entire community rather than top-down direction by clergy.
Gladys Millard
Gladys Millard (July 1891 - 15 October 1964) was provincial secretary for the Canadian Girl Guides Association in the 1930s and 1940s. She was also president of the Headmistresses’ Association of Canada. She was a recipient of the Silver Fish Award, Girl Guiding's highest adult honour.

Girl Guides of Canada
Girl Guides of Canada (GGC; French: Guides du Canada) is the national Guiding association of Canada. Guiding in Canada started on September 7, 1910, and GGC was among the founding members of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) in 1928.
Tugarinovite
Tugarinovite is a rare molybdenum oxide mineral with formula MoO2.
It occurs as a primary mineral phase associated with metasomatism in a sulfur deficient reducing environment.  In the type locality it occurs with uraninite, molybdenite, galena, zircon and wulfenite.

Tugarinovite was first described for an occurrence in the Lenskoye molybdenum–uranium deposit in the Amurskaya Oblast, Far-Eastern Region, Russia.  It was named for geochemist Ivan Alekseevich Tugarinov of the Vernadskii Institute in Moscow.
In addition to its type locality in Russia it has been reported from the Allende meteorite in Chihuahua, Mexico, the Nansei Archipelago of Japan and Bohemia in the Czech Republic.

Uraninite
Uraninite, also known as pitchblende, is a radioactive, uranium-rich mineral and ore with a chemical composition that is largely UO2 but because of oxidation typically contains variable proportions of U3O8. Radioactive decay of the uranium causes the mineral to contain oxides of lead and trace amounts of helium. It may also contain thorium and rare-earth elements.
The Catherine Tate Show series 2
The second series of the British television sketch comedy premiered on BBC Two on 21 July 2005. This series included six episodes with the concluding episode broadcast on 25 August 2005. A Christmas Special followed the second series and was screened on BBC Two on 20 December 2005.

Series two introduced several new major characters including Derek Faye, Irene and Vernon, and Janice and Ray; as well as returning characters Joannie 'Nan' Taylor, Lauren Cooper, Bernie, Paul and Sam, Kate and Ellen, Elaine Figgis, and The Aga Saga Woman.

Guest stars for this series include Siobhan Redmond, Jill Halfpenny, Brian Murphy, James Holmes, Una Stubbs, Roger Allam, Robin Weaver, Michael Brandon and Peter Kay. Charlotte Church makes a guest appearance in the Christmas Special.

National Comedy Awards
The National Comedy Awards (known as the British Comedy Awards from 1990 to 2014) is an annual awards ceremony in the United Kingdom, celebrating notable comedians and entertainment performances of the previous year.
An Appeal in Favor of that Class of Americans Called Africans
An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans is an 1833 book by American writer Lydia Maria Child, which advocated the immediate emancipation of the slaves without compensation to their owners.

According to Thomas Wentworth Higginson, "it was the first anti-slavery work ever printed in America in book form". It was published by Allen & Ticknor in Boston, a predecessor to Ticknor and Fields, at the expense of the author. She spent about three years researching and writing the book and often drew from William Lloyd Garrison's antislavery newspaper The Liberator and likely David Walker's 1829 Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World.: 176–177

Child's argument includes a distrust of the growing political power of the Southern states, which she perceived as a slavocracy. She addresses her concern in a chapter titled "Influence of Slavery on the Politics of the United States" and cites the Missouri Compromise as an example.: 9

Compensated emancipation
Compensated emancipation was a method of ending slavery, under which the enslaved person's owner received compensation from the government in exchange for manumitting the slave. This could be monetary, and it could allow the owner to retain the slave for a period of labor as an indentured servant. In practice, cash compensation rarely was equal to the slave's market value. The enslaved themselves received no compensation.

A number of countries (see "Other nations and empires" section below) enacted forms of compensated emancipation. In the United States, however, no nationwide compensation system was ever put in place. Only the District of Columbia, which was under federal control, used compensated emancipation as part of ending slavery in 1862.
Habaraduwa Electoral District
Habaraduwa electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between March 1960 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Habaraduwa in Galle District, Southern Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Habaraduwa electoral district was replaced by the Galle multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections.

Galle Electoral District
Galle Electoral District is one of the 22 multi-member electoral districts of Sri Lanka created by the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka. The district is conterminous with the administrative district of Galle in the Southern province. The district currently elects 10 of the 225 members of the Sri Lankan Parliament and had 761,815 registered electors in 2010. The district is Sri Lanka's Electorate Number 07.
Epixenosomes
Epixenosomes, also known as Candidatus Epixenosoma, are a genus of bacteria in the phylum Verrucomicrobiota that form a symbiosis with marine ciliates of the genus Euplotidium, where they help to defend their ciliate hosts against predators.  It is a monospecific genus, containing only the species Ca. Epixenosoma ejectans.

Candidatus
In prokaryote nomenclature, Candidatus (abbreviated Ca.; Latin for 'candidate of Roman office') is used to name prokaryotic taxa that are well characterized but yet-uncultured. Contemporary sequencing approaches, such as 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing or metagenomics, provide much information about the analyzed organisms and thus allow identification and characterization of individual species. However, the majority of prokaryotic species remain uncultivable and hence inaccessible for further characterization in in vitro study. The recent discoveries of a multitude of candidate taxa has led to candidate phyla radiation expanding the tree of life through the new insights in bacterial diversity.
Ryuichi Sekine
Ryuichi Sekine (関根龍一, Sekine Ryūichi) is a Japanese professional wrestler, currently working as a freelancer and is best known for his time in the professional wrestling promotion Kaientai Dojo (K-Dojo).

Union Max Championship
The Union Max Championship (Japanese: ユニオンMAX王座, Hepburn: Yunion Makkusu Ōza) is a professional wrestling championship and the top singles accomplishment in the Japanese promotion Pro-Wrestling Basara. The title was established in 2013.
Bobby McCain
Bobby Marcellous McCain (born August 18, 1993) is an American professional football safety. He played college football for the Memphis Tigers and was drafted by the Miami Dolphins in the fifth round of the 2015 NFL draft. McCain has also played for the Washington Football Team / Commanders and New York Giants.

Nickelback (American football)
In American football, a nickelback, also referred to as a slot cornerback or slot corner, is a cornerback or safety who serves as the additional defensive back in a nickel defense. A base defense consists of two cornerbacks and two safeties, making the nickelback the fifth defensive back on the field, thus tying the name of the position to the name of the North American 5-cent piece.
The Killer Is on the Phone
The Killer Is on the Phone (Italian: L'assassino... è al telefono) is a 1972 giallo film directed by Alberto De Martino. It was released in the U.S. in July, 1975.
The film is set in Bruges, Belgium, and stars Telly Savalas and Anne Heywood. The story follows an attractive actress who has amnesia and paranoia triggered by a chance encounter with a professional assassin, who in turn begins to follow her with his knife.

Giallo
In Italian cinema, giallo (Italian: [ˈdʒallo]; pl.: gialli; from giallo, lit. 'yellow') is a genre that often contains slasher, thriller, psychological horror, psychological thriller, sexploitation, and, less frequently, supernatural horror elements.

This particular style of Italian-produced murder mystery horror-thriller film usually blends the atmosphere and suspense of thriller fiction with elements of horror fiction (such as slasher violence) and eroticism (similar to the French fantastique genre), and often involves a mysterious killer whose identity is not revealed until the final act of the film. The genre developed in the mid-to-late 1960s, peaked in popularity during the 1970s, and subsequently declined in commercial mainstream filmmaking over the next few decades, though examples continue to be produced. It was a predecessor to, and had significant influence on, the later slasher film genre.
Workers' Opposition
The Workers' Opposition (Russian: Рабочая оппозиция, romanized: Rabochaya oppozitsiya) was a faction of the Russian Communist Party that emerged in 1920 as a response to the perceived over-bureaucratisation that was occurring in Soviet Russia. They advocated for the transfer of national economic management to trade unions. The group was led by Alexander Shlyapnikov, Sergei Medvedev, Alexandra Kollontai and Yuri Lutovinov. It officially existed until March 1921 when it was forced to dissolve by the 10th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), and semi-clandestinely until the subsequent 11th Congress in 1922, where its main exponents teetered dangerously on the verge of being purged for fractionist activity. In some aspects, it was close with the German council communist movement, although there is no information about direct contacts between these groups.

All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions
The All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions (ACCTU; Russian: Всесоюзный центральный совет профессиональных союзов, VTsSPS) was the  national trade union federation of the Soviet Union.

The federation was established in January 1918.  In October 1990, it was dissolved, and replaced by the General Confederation of Trade Unions of the USSR.
Vijay Kumar Arora
Vijay Kumar Arora, also known as Daddu, is an Indian filmmaker and cinematographer who predominantly works in the Hindi and Punjabi film industries. As a cinematographer, he is known for his collaborations with Mahesh Manjrekar, Anubhav Sinha, and Remo D'Souza.

For his work as a filmmaker, he was awarded the 66th National Film Award for Best Punjabi Feature Film for Harjeeta. His other directorial Punjabi film, Guddiyan Patole, earned him a nomination for Best Director at the PTC Punjabi Film Awards in 2020. The film went on to win the Jury's Choice Award for Best Film at the 10th PTC Punjabi Film Awards in 2020.

Anubhav Sinha
Anubhav Sinha (born 22 June 1965) is an Indian film director, producer and writer known for his work in Hindi film industry. His films include Tum Bin (2001), Dus (2005), and Ra.One (2011). He also directed a series of socio-political films Mulk (2018), Article 15 (2019), Thappad (2020), Anek (2022), and Bheed (2023). His latest Netflix series is IC 814: The Kandahar Hijack (2024).