hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Education in Qatar
The education system in Qatar is jointly directed and controlled by the Supreme Education Council (SEC) and the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MOEHE) at all levels. The SEC is responsible for overseeing independent schools, whereas the MOE is responsible for providing support to private schools. Formal schooling officially began in 1956. Primary schooling is obligatory for every child and is free in public schools.

Education in Qatar is very diverse, with several schools representing a variety of international curriculum systems. There are approximately 338 international schools in the country. Several prestigious universities from around the world have satellite campuses in the country in Education City and within the suburbs of the capital Doha.

Qatar Foundation
The Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development (Arabic: مؤسسة قطر) is a state-led non-profit organization in Qatar, founded in 1995 by then-emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani and his second wife sheikha Moza bint Nasser Al-Missned.

According to the Qatar Foundation, its philanthropic focus is on education, scientific research and community development. It has solicited a number of international universities to establish campuses in Qatar. It has also made commercial investments. The Qatar Foundation's activities have been characterized by critics as influence peddling or lobbying.
Schofield House
The Schofield House, also known as the Lanier-Schofield House, is an historic building located in the Madison Historic District of Madison, Indiana.  Built in 1817, this Federal-style building was the first two-story brick house and the first tavern house in Madison.  It was also here, on January 13, 1818, that the Grand Lodge of Indiana, the organization of Freemasons in Indiana, was founded.

Madison, Indiana
Madison is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Indiana, United States, along the Ohio River. As of the 2020 census, Madison had a population of 12,357. Over 55,000 people live within 15 miles (24 km) of downtown Madison. Madison is the largest city along the Ohio River between Louisville and Cincinnati. In 2006, the majority of Madison's downtown area was designated a National Historic Landmark—133 blocks of the downtown area is known as the Madison Historic Landmark District.
Parpública
Parpública, officially Participações Públicas (SGPS) S.A., is a state holding company that can be characterized as a National Wealth Fund of the Portuguese Republic. The company is based in Lisbon, Portugal. Among its major assets are TAP Portugal, ANA - Aeroportos de Portugal, Águas de Portugal, Imprensa Nacional Casa da Moeda, Companhia das Lezírias and the Estoril Circuit. It has been described as Portugal's Public-private partnership unit.

Companhia das Lezírias
The Companhia das Lezírias (Lezírias Company) or CL for short (the only two letters in the company logotype), is a state-run agriculture and forestry company located in the Lezíria do Tejo subregion, and headquartered in Samora Correia, Benavente municipality, Portugal. It was founded in the 19th century by the Portuguese Crown. The company is an ecological sanctuary and periurban farming area, near Grande Lisboa subregion - the most populated subregion of Portugal. The company produces rice, wine, cork, and livestock, as well as being a reputed horse breeder. In addition to its farming, forestry, and animal production activities, the Companhia das Lezírias has organised top equestrian events.
Idioteuthis latipinna
Idioteuthis latipinna is a species of whip-lash squid. It is the type species of the genus Idioteuthis. Richard E. Young and Michael Vecchione consider I. latipinna to be a junior synonym of I. cordiformis and the World Register of Marine Species states that it is a taxon inquirendum.

Oral view of arm suckers

Oral view of tentacular club suckers

Idioteuthis cordiformis
Idioteuthis cordiformis is a species of whip-lash squid found in tropical regions of the west Pacific Ocean. The species is commonly known as the 'love-heart squid' because the species name cordiformis is Latin for 'heart shaped'. Recently, this species has been found to consume small birdbeak dogfish.
St Botolph's Church, Horsehouse
St Botolph's Church is an Anglican church in Horsehouse, a village in Coverdale in North Yorkshire, in England.

The first chapel in the village was built in about 1530, and was served by the canons of Coverham Abbey.  Following the Dissolution of the Monasteries, it became a chapel of ease to Holy Trinity Church, Coverham.  In 1859 it was described as "ancient" but "small".  It was rebuilt in 1869, possibly incorporating some material from the original chapel.  It was Grade II listed in 1988.

The church is built of stone with a stone slate roof, and consists of a nave and a chancel under one roof, a south porch, and a west tower.  The tower has three stages, quoins, stepped angle buttresses, two-light bell openings with Y-tracery and hood moulds, a string course, and an embattled parapet.  The porch has quoins, and contains a pointed arch with a chamfered surround and a hood mould.  There are a variety of windows in the Gothic style, including a three-light window at the east end.

Coverdale, North Yorkshire
Coverdale is a dale in the far east of the Yorkshire Dales, North Yorkshire, England. It takes its name from the River Cover, a tributary of the River Ure.  The dale runs south-west from the eastern end of Wensleydale to the dale head at a pass, known as Park Rash Pass, between Great Whernside to the south and Buckden Pike to the north.  It is accessible by a single track road, which runs the length of the dale and over the pass to Kettlewell in Wharfedale. The name is taken from that of the River Cover, which is of Brittonic origin.  Ekwall suggested that it might mean "hollow stream", but more recently Andrew Breeze has argued that it is cognate with Welsh gofer "streamlet".
Aphodius
Aphodius is a genus of beetles in the family Scarabaeidae. In most species both the adults and larvae are coprophagous (dung feeding) although some species have herbivorous or saprophagous larvae. Aphodius species typically dominate dung beetle communities in north temperate ecosystems. Most species are functionally classified as endocoprids, also known as dwellers, because the larvae live and feed within the dung pat itself.

With a discovery of an earlier published version by Hellwig, the correct citation for this genus is now: Aphodius Hellwig, 1798 (p. 101; 24 January). Type species by subsequent designation by Latreille (1810): Scarabaeus fimetarius Linnaeus, 1758.

Scarabaeidae
The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 35,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change. Several groups formerly treated as subfamilies have been elevated to family rank (e.g., Bolboceratidae, Geotrupidae, Glaresidae, Glaphyridae, Hybosoridae, Ochodaeidae, and Pleocomidae), and some reduced to lower ranks. The subfamilies listed in this article are in accordance with those in Catalog of Life (2023).
At the Moving Picture Ball
"At the Moving Picture Ball" is a popular song composed by Joseph H. Santly (né Joseph Harry Santly; 1886–1962) and recorded by many artists during the silent film era. Today the song is best remembered for its unusually topical lyrics, which mention many celebrities of the time. In fact, by 1920, the lyrics of the song had already been changed, since several celebrities mentioned had lost popularity. Judy Garland and Donald O'Connor performed the song on the 1963 TV series, The Judy Garland Show, during a "tribute to vaudeville" medley.

Argo Records (UK)
Argo Records is a record label founded by Harley Usill and Cyril Clarke in 1951 with the intention of recording "British music played by British artists", but the company's releases expanded to include spoken word recordings and other projects.
St. Genevieve Church
St. Genevieve Church is a parish of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New Orleans located along the northeastern edge of Lake Pontchartrain in Slidell, Louisiana, United States. St. Genevieve is one of eight parishes which belongs to Deanery XII - East St. Tammany - Washington Deanery, an ecclesiastical division of the archdiocese.

Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville
Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville (16 July 1661 – 9 July 1706) or Sieur d'Iberville was a French soldier, explorer, colonial administrator, and trader. He is noted for founding the colony of Louisiana in New France. He was born in Montreal to French colonist parents.
Fimmvörðuháls
Fimmvörðuháls (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈfɪmːˌvœrðʏˌhauls] ⓘ; "five cairns pass") is the area between the glaciers Eyjafjallajökull and Mýrdalsjökull in southern Iceland. The route between Skógar and Thórsmörk goes through this pass and is one of the most popular walking routes in Iceland, despite being 22 kilometres (14 mi) long and involving 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) of climbing. There are two mountain huts along Fimmvörðuháls, one owned by hiking association Útivist, the other called Baldvinsskáli ([ˈpaltˌvɪnsˌskauːlɪ]). The route from Skógar has many waterfalls along the way. The route is only accessible between mid-June and late-August. On the night of 16 May 1970, three travellers died in the mountain pass in a snowstorm.

Hiking the Fimmvörðuháls mountain pass takes 1–2 days. It is also possible to combine the Fimmvörðuháls route with the Laugavegur Trek between Landmannalaugar and Thórsmörk to make a trip of 4–6 days in length.

Landmannalaugar
Landmannalaugar (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈlantˌmanːaˌlœyːɣar̥] ⓘ) is a location in Iceland's Fjallabak [ˈfjatlaˌpaːk] Nature Reserve in the Highland. It is on the edge of the Laugahraun [ˈlœyːɣaˌr̥œyːn] lava field. This lava field was formed by an eruption in approximately 1477. It is largely known for its natural geothermal hot springs and surrounding landscape.

Landmannalaugar is at the northern end of the Laugavegur hiking trail, and the Iceland Touring Association operates a mountain hut accommodating hikers.
The Kings Cave (Sweden)
The King's Cave (also known as Kungsgrottan in Swedish) is a shallow cave formed into the granite rock alongside the Gota River in Trollhattan, Sweden. The cave was formed through natural causes and over the centuries, was visited by numerous Swedish monarchs, who inscribed their names into the rock. As a result, the cave has become a Swedish landmark and also known colloquially as Trollhättan's "Royal guestbook" ("Trollhättan's kungliga gästbok").

The cave is flanked by King Oscars Bridge on the eastern side, which crosses the Göta River south of the well known Trollhattan Falls.

The cave has inscriptions from monarchs as far back as King Adolf Fredrik and his wife Lovisa Ulrika in 1754 to the present day Swedish king Carl XVI Gustaf. The most recent addition includes an inscription from Crown Princess and heir-apparent to the Swedish throne, Victoria, who visited in 2001.

Trollhättan
Trollhättan (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈtrɔ̂lːˌhɛtːan] ⓘ) is the 23rd-largest city in Sweden, the seat of Trollhättan Municipality, Västra Götaland County. It is situated by Göta älv, near the lake Vänern, and has a population of approximately 50,000 in the city proper. It is located 75 km (46 mi) north of Sweden's second-largest city, Gothenburg.
Ian Watson (cricketer)
Ian Ronald Watson (born 9 June 1947) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Watson was born at Teddington in June 1947. His brief foray into county cricket is considered an unusual one. He was on both the Middlesex and Marylebone Cricket Club staff in the late 1960s, with Watson making a single appearance in first-class cricket for Middlesex against Oxford University at Oxford in 1969. Two years later, he made a single first-class appearance for Northamptonshire against Oxford University, before making a third and final appearance in first-class cricket for Hampshire against the touring West Indians at Southampton in 1973. In his final match, he opened the batting alongside Gordon Greenidge, making scores of 5 and 1. More recently, he was associated with Hursley Park Cricket Club in both a playing and administrative role, having played for the club in the Southern Cricket League until 2015.

Gordon Greenidge
Sir Cuthbert Gordon Greenidge KCMG MBE (born 1 May 1951) is a Barbadian retired cricketer who represented the West Indies in Test and One Day International (ODI) teams for 17 years, as well as Barbados and Hampshire in first-class cricket. Greenidge is regarded worldwide as one of the greatest and most destructive opening batsmen in cricket history. In 2009, Greenidge was inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame. He was a member of the squads which won the World Cups in 1975, 1979 and runners-up in 1983.
2016 Newcastle Knights season
The 2016 Newcastle Knights season was the 29th in the club's history. Coached by Nathan Brown and co-captained by Trent Hodkinson, Tariq Sims and Jeremy Smith, they competed in the NRL's 2016 Telstra Premiership, finishing the regular season in 16th place (out of 16). In the pre-season the Knights competed in the 2016 Auckland Nines tournament, reaching the quarter-finals. Mid-way through the 2016 season the team had only one member selected to play in the 2016 State of Origin series. Notably, all four Mata'utia brothers, Chanel, Pat, Peter and Sione featured in the NRL team for the Knights throughout the year.

Tariq Sims
Tariq Sims (born 9 February 1990) is a Fiji international retired rugby league footballer who played as a Second-row, Loose forward and Prop for the Catalans Dragons in the Super League.

He previously played for the North Queensland Cowboys, Newcastle Knights, St. George Illawarra Dragons and Melbourne Storm in the NRL, and at representative level for New South Wales Country and New South Wales in the State of Origin series.
Detritus
In biology, detritus (/dəˈtraɪtəs/ or /ˈdɛtrɪtəs/) is organic matter made up of the decomposing remains of organisms and plants, and also of feces. Detritus usually hosts communities of microorganisms that colonize and decompose (remineralise) it. Such microorganisms may be decomposers, detritivores, or coprophages.

In terrestrial ecosystems detritus is present as plant litter and other organic matter that is intermixed with soil, known as soil organic matter. The detritus of aquatic ecosystems is organic substances suspended in the water and accumulated in depositions on the floor of the body of water; when this floor is a seabed, such a deposition is called marine snow.

Aquatic ecosystem
An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem found in and around a body of water, in contrast to land-based terrestrial ecosystems. Aquatic ecosystems contain communities of organisms—aquatic life—that are dependent on each other and on their environment. The two main types of aquatic ecosystems are marine ecosystems and freshwater ecosystems. Freshwater ecosystems may be lentic (slow moving water, including pools, ponds, and lakes); lotic (faster moving water, for example streams and rivers); and wetlands (areas where the soil is saturated or inundated for at least part of the time).
Gera (Egypt)
Gera(s) was an ancient city and former bishopric in Roman Egypt and remains a Latin Catholic titular see.

Its modern location, now in Egypt, is unclear. Gera(s) was important enough in the Late Roman province of Augustamnica Prima to be one of the suffragans of its capital Pelusium's Metropolitan Archbishopric. It was however to fade completely.

Pelusium
Pelusium (Ancient Egyptian: pr-jmn; Coptic: Ⲡⲉⲣⲉⲙⲟⲩⲛ/Ⲡⲉⲣⲉⲙⲟⲩⲏ, romanized: Peremoun, or Ⲥⲓⲛ, romanized: Sin; Hebrew: סִין, romanized: sin; Koine Greek: Πηλούσιον, romanized: Pēlousion; Latin: Pēlūsium; Egyptian Arabic: تل الفرما, romanized: Tell el-Farama) was an important city in the eastern extremes of Egypt's Nile Delta, 30 km (19 mi) to the southeast of the modern Port Said. It became a Roman provincial capital and Metropolitan archbishopric and remained a multiple Catholic titular see and an Eastern Orthodox active archdiocese.
Roose
Roose or Roosecote is a suburb and ward of Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England. The word 'roose' is Celtic for "moor" or "heath" and the suffix 'cote' of Roosecote means "hut" or "huts" (the word 'cottage' is derived from 'cote'). Before the building of Roose Cottages and the arrival of the Cornish miners Roose was pronounced with a hard S, as in goose; now it is locally pronounced 'Rooze', due to the Cornish accent. Roose is served by Roose railway station, one of the few remaining stations on the Furness Line in the Barrow area.

The ward of Roose also encompass the settlements of Rampside and Stank, as well as Piel Island and Roa Island, it extends as far north as Abbot's Wood Nature Reserve.

Whilst still an electoral ward for Barrow Town Council, the ward was combined at a district/ local authority level wit Risedale ward in April 2023 to become the Risedale and Roosecote ward following the formation of the new Westmorland and Furness Local Authority.

Roa Island
Roa Island lies just over half a mile (1 km) south of the village of Rampside at the southernmost point of the Furness Peninsula in Cumbria, formerly in the county of Lancashire north of the sands. It is located at 54°5′N 3°10′W﻿ / ﻿54.083°N 3.167°W﻿ / 54.083; -3.167 (OS grid ref. SD 233650). It is one of the Islands of Furness in northern England. It has an area of about three hectares.

Roa Island is within the unitary authority of Westmorland and Furness. The island's population stands at around 100, making it the 15th most populated island in England.
Amblyodipsas rodhaini
Amblyodipsas rodhaini, commonly known as Rodhain's purple-glossed snake, is a species of mildly venomous rear-fanged snake in the family Atractaspididae. The species is endemic to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Atractaspididae
The Atractaspididae (atractaspidids) are a family of venomous snakes found in Africa and the Middle East, commonly called mole vipers, stiletto snakes, or burrowing asps. Currently, 12 genera are recognized.
Léon Gurekian
Léon Gurekian (Armenian: Լեւոն Կիւրեղեան, Italian: Leonardo Giorgiano; 26 April 1871 in Constantinople – 2 September 1950 in Asolo) was an Ottoman Armenian architect, writer and political activist. He was active in the Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria and Italy.

Armenians in the Ottoman Empire
Armenians were a significant minority in the Ottoman Empire. They belonged to either the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Armenian Catholic Church, or the Armenian Protestant Church, each church serving as the basis of a millet. They played a crucial role in Ottoman industry and commerce, and Armenian communities existed in almost every major city of the empire. The majority of the Armenian population made up a reaya, or peasant class, in Western Armenia. Since the latter half the 19th century, the Armenians of the Ottoman Empire sought more autonomy and protection in what was part of the Armenian Question. Armenians were persecuted by Ottoman authorities and their Kemalist successors, especially from the latter half of the 19th century, culminating in the Armenian Genocide.
Olsen Racela
Rodericko Cesar "Olsen" Escueta Racela (born November 1, 1970) is a Filipino coach and former player. He is both the head coach for the Perpetual Altas in the NCAA, and is an assistant coach for the Barangay Ginebra San Miguel of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). He played for 18 seasons during his PBA career. He was also a notable member of the Philippine national basketball team on many occasions.

FEU Tamaraws and Lady Tamaraws
The FEU Tamaraws and Lady Tamaraws are the varsity teams of Far Eastern University in the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP). The university's high school varsity teams are called the Baby Tamaraws.
We're Not from Here
"We're Not from Here" is the second episode in the third season of the television series How I Met Your Mother and 46th overall. It originally aired on CBS on October 1, 2007 and was directed by Pamela Fryman.

Bar (establishment)
A bar, also known as a saloon, a tavern or tippling house, or sometimes as a pub or club, is a retail business that serves alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, liquor, cocktails, and other beverages such as mineral water and soft drinks. Bars often also sell snack foods, such as chips (crisps) or peanuts, for consumption on their premises. Some types of bars, such as pubs, may also serve food from a restaurant menu. The term "bar" refers both to the countertop where drinks are prepared and served and also by extension to the entirety of the establishment in which the bar is located.

The term derives from the metal or wooden bar (barrier) that is often located along the length of the "bar". Over many years, heights of bars were lowered, and high stools added, and the brass bar remains today.
Repression in the Soviet Union
Repression in the Soviet Union was an ongoing characteristic of the state throughout the history of the Soviet Union, characterized by restricting the freedoms of the common man for the benefit of the communist state, albeit through a variety of means. Millions of the proletariat class experienced some form of repression from the state, stemming back to the October Revolution and the nature of totalitarianism. Repression culminated during the Stalin era, and marginally receded in the period after amidst De-Stalinization, but continued throughout the Soviet Union's existence up until late in the rule of Mikhail Gorbachev, the last leader of the Soviet Union.

De-Stalinization
De-Stalinization (Russian: десталинизация, romanized: destalinizatsiya) comprised a series of political reforms in the Soviet Union after the death of long-time leader Joseph Stalin in 1953, and the thaw brought about by ascension of Nikita Khrushchev to power, and his 1956 secret speech "On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences", which denounced Stalin's cult of personality and the Stalinist political system.

Monuments to Stalin were removed, his name was removed from places, buildings, and the state anthem, and his body was removed from the Lenin Mausoleum (known as the Lenin and Stalin Mausoleum from 1953 to 1961) and buried. These reforms were started by the collective leadership which succeeded him after his death on 5 March 1953, comprising Georgi Malenkov, Premier of the Soviet Union; Lavrentiy Beria, head of the Ministry of the Interior; and Nikita Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU).
Eucalyptus pluricaulis
Eucalyptus pluricaulis, commonly known as the purple-leaved mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth bark, dull bluish green, lance-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of between nine and fifteen, pale yellow flowers and cylindrical to barrel-shaped fruit.

Mallee (habit)
Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber or xylopodium, usually to a height of no more than 10 m (33 ft). The term is widely used for trees with this  growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names.