hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kos Samaras
Kosmos Samaras (born 1970/1971) is a Greek-Australian lobbyist, pollster, and former Victorian Labor strategist. He helped run Labor's state election campaigns for 14 years before departing in 2019 to found RedBridge, a political consultancy firm and pollster, which has become influential in Victorian, and more broadly, Australian politics.

Opinion poll
An opinion poll, often simply referred to as a survey or a poll, is a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample. Opinion polls are usually designed to represent the opinions of a population by conducting a series of questions and then extrapolating generalities in ratio or within confidence intervals. A person who conducts polls is referred to as a pollster.
Camillian Hospital
Camillian Hospital (called also "San Camillo Hospital") - small private hospital in Bangkok (Thailand), founded by catholic missionaries - camillians in 1956 (earlier in 1952 camillians established another "San Camillo Hospital" in Ratchaburi Province). The hospital is located in Watthana district and has general practice and special care facilities.

The hospital is operated by Saint Camillus Foundation of Thailand and has charity programs to treat poor and low income patients.

Camillian hospital employees took active part in overcoming of the 2004 tsunami damage in Thailand setting up mobile clinics for the disaster survivors.

Camillian Hospital appears a few times in the movie "Kickboxer" with Jean-Claude Van Damme in 1989.

Camillians
The Camillians or Clerics Regular, Ministers to the Sick (Latin: Clerci Regulari Ministeri Infirmaribus) are a Catholic religious order founded in 1582 by St. Camillus de Lellis (1550–1614). A large red cross was chosen by the founder as the distinguishing badge for the members of the Order to wear upon their black cassocks: this was later adopted as the international symbol of medical care. In the past, because of the red cross on their apparel, they were also referred to as the Crociferi. As of 2018, 1080 Camillians serve in 35 countries. They use the postnominal initials of M.I. (Ministri degli Infermi).
Modern history of Switzerland
This article deals with the history of Switzerland since 1848.

See Early Modern Switzerland for the Early Modern period,  Switzerland in the Napoleonic era for the period of 1798–1814, and Restoration and Regeneration (Switzerland) for the period of 1815–1848.

Restoration and Regeneration in Switzerland
The periods of Restoration and Regeneration in Swiss history lasted from 1814 to 1847. "Restoration" is the period of 1814 to 1830, the restoration of the Ancien Régime (federalism), reverting the changes imposed by Napoleon Bonaparte on the centralist Helvetic Republic from 1798 and the partial reversion to the old system with the Act of Mediation of 1803. "Regeneration" is the period of 1830 to 1848, when in the wake of the July Revolution the "restored" Ancien Régime was countered by the liberal movement. In the Protestant cantons, the rural population enforced liberal cantonal constitutions, partly in armed marches on the cities. This resulted in a conservative backlash in the Catholic cantons in the 1830s, raising the conflict to the point of civil war by 1847.
540 AM
The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 540 kHz: 540 AM is a Canadian and Mexican clear-channel frequency. CBK, Watrous-Regina, Saskatchewan, and XEWA San Luis Potosí, Mexico, share Class A status on 540 kHz.

Because 540 kHz is a multiple of both 9 and 10, the frequency is available for use by broadcast stations in all three ITU regions.

Rhema Media
Rhema Media (previously known as Rhema Broadcasting Group or RBG) is a Christian media organisation in New Zealand. It owns radio networks Rhema, Life FM and Sanctuary, and television station Shine TV. It also publishes Bob Gass's quarterly devotional publication The Word For Today, and a youth version called The Word For You Today. Rhema Media is based in Newton, Auckland and is the founding organisation of United Christian Broadcasters (UCB).

Rhema Media was set up in the 1960s by Christchurch evangelical Richard Berry, following the success of Ecuadorian Christian short-wave radio station HCJB. The company's flagship network Rhema (then New Zealand's Rhema) began full-time broadcasting on 11 November 1978. In 1997 the company launched the additional radio brands of Life FM and Star (then Southern Star). Shine TV was launched in 2002, and The Word radio network operated between 2007 and 2015.
Photographic processing
Photographic processing or photographic development is the chemical means by which photographic film or paper is treated after photographic exposure to produce a negative or positive image. Photographic processing transforms the latent image into a visible image, makes this permanent and renders it insensitive to light.

All processes based upon the gelatin silver process are similar, regardless of the film or paper's manufacturer. Exceptional variations include instant films such as those made by Polaroid and thermally developed films.  Kodachrome required Kodak's proprietary K-14 process.  Kodachrome film production ceased in 2009, and K-14 processing is no longer available as of December 30, 2010. Ilfochrome materials use the dye destruction process. Deliberately using the wrong process for a film is known as cross processing.

Silver sulfide
Silver sulfide is an inorganic compound with the formula Ag2S. A dense black solid, it is the only sulfide of silver. It is useful as a photosensitizer in photography. It  constitutes the tarnish that forms over time on silverware and other silver objects. Silver sulfide is insoluble in most solvents, but is degraded by strong acids. Silver sulfide is a network solid made up of silver (electronegativity of 1.98) and sulfur (electronegativity of 2.58) where the bonds have low ionic character (approximately 10%).
Crowd analysis
Crowd analysis is the practice of interpreting data on the natural movement of groups or objects. Masses of bodies, particularly humans, are the subjects of these crowd tracking analyses that include how a particular crowd moves and when a movement pattern changes. Researchers use the data to predict future crowd movement, crowd density, and plan responses to potential events such as those that require evacuation routes. Applications of crowd analysis can range from video game crowd simulation to security and surveillance.

Yerkes–Dodson law
The Yerkes–Dodson law is an empirical relationship between arousal and performance, originally developed by psychologists Robert M. Yerkes and John Dillingham Dodson and published, in 1908, in the Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology. The law dictates that performance increases with physiological or mental arousal, but only up to a point. When levels of arousal become too high, performance decreases. The process is often illustrated graphically as a bell-shaped curve which increases and then decreases with higher levels of arousal. The original paper (a study of the Japanese house mouse, described as the "dancing mouse") was only referenced ten times over the next half century, yet in four of the citing articles, these findings were described as a psychological "law".
Wissam Boustany
Wissam Boustany (born 1 October 1960) is a Lebanese/British concert flautist. Boustany has toured and collaborated with a number of symphony and chamber orchestras. Conductors Boustany has worked with include Claudio Abbado, Ivan Fischer, Bramwell Tovey, John Elliot Gardiner, Roger Norrington, Georg Solti, Peter Szilvay, Lubnan Baalbaki, James Judd, Jordi Mora, Volodymyr Sirenko, Levon Parikian, Nicholas Cleobury, Martyn Brabbins, Michel Brandt, Varujan Kodjan, Clark Rundell, Jerzy Maksymiuk, Evelyne Aiello, Ludwig Carrasco, Nader Abbassi, Andrew Morley and Toby Purser. He is a recipient of The Crystal Award, awarded to him in 1998 at the World Economic Forum, Davos, Switzerland.

Varujan Kojian
Varujan Kojian (March 12, 1935; Beirut, Lebanon – March 4, 1993; Santa Barbara, California) was an Armenian-American violinist and conductor from Beirut, Lebanon. He studied violin at the Conservatoire de Paris awarded the Premier Prix in 1956, and subsequently with Ivan Galamian and Jascha Heifetz. Kojian joined the Los Angeles Philharmonic where he became an assistant concertmaster in 1965. Naturalising as an American citizen in 1967, Kojian began conducting studies with Sasha Popov, and was appointed assistant conductor to Zubin Mehta in 1970. Kojian continued his studies with Hans Swarowsky in  Vienna in 1971. From 1973 to 1980 he was the guest conductor at the Royal Opera in Stockholm and during the same years was also working as an associate conductor for the Seattle Symphony. From 1980 to 1983 he was director of the Utah Symphony and a year later became a member of the Santa Barbara Symphony Orchestra of which he became director from 1985-1993 before he died at the age of 57.
15th (Service) Battalion, Sherwood Foresters (Nottingham)
The 15th (Service) Battalion, Sherwood Foresters (Nottingham) ('15th Sherwoods') was a 'Bantam' infantry unit recruited as part of 'Kitchener's Army' in World War I. It was raised early in 1915 and served on the Western Front from early 1916, first seeing action at the Battle of the Somme. The Bantam concept did not survive the losses of the Somme, and had to be abandoned when the battalions became filled with reinforcements who were not simply undersized but actually unfit for service. In 1917 the 15th Sherwoods became a conventional infantry battalion and saw further action during the German retreat to the Hindenburg Line and subsequent actions. It suffered severe casualties at the Battle of Passchendaele and during the German spring offensive of 1918. It then took part in the final advance to victory in Flanders. The battalion was disbanded in 1919.

Zwevegem
Zwevegem (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈzʋeːvəɣɛm] ⓘ) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the towns of Heestert, Moen, Otegem, Sint-Denijs and Zwevegem. On January 1, 2019, Zwevegem had a total population of 24,648. The total area is 63.24 km2 which gives a population density of 380 inhabitants per km2.

The Bekaert company was founded in Zwevegem by Baron Leon Leander Bekaert.

Heestert Military Cemetery holds the graves of 127 Britons and 57 Germans, most of whom died on 21–25 October 1918 in the area during the First World War.
Destination X (2013)
The 2013 Destination X (also known as Impact Wrestling: Destination X) was a special episode of Impact Wrestling, produced by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), which took place on July 18 at the Broadbent Arena in Louisville, Kentucky. It was the ninth event under the Destination X chronology. Unlike the previous events, this event was not held on pay-per-view (PPV).

Six matches were contested on the event, including one taped for a future episode of Xplosion. In the main event, Chris Sabin defeated Bully Ray to win his first World Heavyweight Championship in what was Sabin's Option C match, which he invoked by vacating the X Division Championship in exchange for a World Heavyweight Championship match at Destination X. The undercard featured first round tournament matches for the vacant X Division Championship and a match between Austin Aries and Bobby Roode in the 2013 Bound for Glory Series.

Destination X
Destination X was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event held by the American professional wrestling promotion TNA Wrestling. The event primarily revolved around the X-Division, the 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012 events had Ultimate X matches.

It was announced on TNA Wrestling's official website in January 2011 that Destination X was moving from March to July, switching places with TNA's traditional July PPV, Victory Road. On the June 21, 2012, edition of Impact, it was announced that every year the current X Division Champion would have an opportunity to give up their title for a shot at the TNA World Heavyweight Championship at Destination X. On January 11, 2013, TNA announced that in 2013 there would be only four PPVs, not including Destination X, although Destination X would be featured as a special episode of Impact Wrestling from 2013 to 2017.
Early modern philosophy
Early modern philosophy (also classical modern philosophy) was a period in the history of philosophy that overlaps with the beginning of the period known as modern philosophy. It succeeded the medieval era of philosophy. Early modern philosophy is usually thought to have occurred between the 16th and 18th centuries, though some philosophers and historians may put this period slightly earlier. During this time, influential philosophers included Descartes, Locke, Hume, and Kant, all of whom contributed to the current understanding of philosophy.

Separation of powers
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually legislation, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinct and clearly articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each branch. To put this model into practice, government is divided into structurally independent branches to perform various functions (most often a legislature, a judiciary and an administration, sometimes known as the trias politica). When each function is allocated strictly to one branch, a government is described as having a high degree of separation; whereas, when one person or branch plays a significant part in the exercise of more than one function, this represents a fusion of powers. When one branch holds unlimited state power and delegates its powers to other organs as it sees fit, as is the case in communist states, that is called unified power.
Mathurin Rodier
Mathurin Rodier or Mathelin Rodier was a French architect born around 1410 and died around 1484. He was the architect of the Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul of Nantes Cathedral for at least 36 years, starting no later than 1444 and ending no earlier than 1480.

Tours Cathedral
Tours Cathedral (French: Cathédrale Saint-Gatien de Tours) is a Roman Catholic church located in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, France. It is the seat of the Archbishops of Tours, the metropolitan cathedral of the Tours ecclesiastical province and is dedicated to Saint Gatianus. Built between 1170 and 1547, the church has been a classified monument historique since 1862 and has been owned by the French State, with the Catholic Church having the exclusive rights of use.
2022 African Handball Champions League
The 2022 African Handball Champions League was the 43rd edition, organized by the African Handball Confederation, under the auspices of the International Handball Federation, the handball sport governing body. The tournament was held from the 30 September to 9 October 2022 in Hammamet and Nabeul in Tunisia.

African Handball Champions League
African Handball Champions League is an annual international club handball competition run by the African Handball Confederation. The top club sides from Africa's handball leagues are invited to participate in the tournament, which serves as a qualifying tournament for the IHF Super Globe.
2016 Shakey's V-League Open Conference
The 2016 Shakey's V-League Open Conference was the 26th conference of the Shakey's V-League and the first conference of the 2016 season. The opening ceremonies were held on May 22, 2016 at the Filoil Flying V Centre, San Juan before the first games were held on May 28, also at the same venue.

The previous season's conference champion, PLDT Home Ultera Ultra Fast Hitters, and runner-up Philippine Army Lady Troopers, decided to forgo their participation in this year's Open Conference.

There were eight (8) competing teams for this conference: NU Lady Bulldogs, UP Lady Maroons, Pocari Sweat, Team Laoag, Team Baguio, Team Iriga, Bali Pure and Philippine Air Force Air Spikers.

ABS-CBN Sports+Action is covering the games live on television.

2016 Shakey's V-League season
The 2016 Shakey's V-League season was the thirteenth and last season for the Shakey's V-League. The succeeding tournaments (c. 2017–present) were named as the Philippine V-League and then ultimately the Premier Volleyball League.  There were three indoor conferences for this season.
Frenchs Pass
Frenchs Pass is a gap on the divide of the Diablo Range and on the boundary of San Benito County and Merced County, California. The pass is at an elevation of 2,428 feet (740 meters) on the north shoulder of 3,257-foot Antimony Peak.

Diablo Range
The Diablo Range is a mountain range in the California Coast Ranges subdivision of the Pacific Coast Ranges in northern California, United States. It stretches from the eastern San Francisco Bay Area at its northern end to the Salinas Valley area at its southern end.
Bush–Herbert Building
The Bush–Herbert Building is a historic building in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. It was home to the Bush Brick Company (founded in 1867 by Confederate veteran Major W.G. Bush in 1867) and T. L. Herbert and Sons, from 1911 to 1961. The family business made bricks used for the construction of many buildings on the campus of Vanderbilt University as well as the Maxwell House Hotel, the Downtown Presbyterian Church and the Tulip Street Methodist Church. The building has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 25, 1982.

Downtown Presbyterian Church (Nashville)
The Downtown Presbyterian Church in Nashville, Tennessee, a part of the Presbyterian Church (USA), was formerly known as First Presbyterian Church.  The church is located at the corner of Rep. John Lewis Way and Church Street.  As Old First Presbyterian Church it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1993, for its distinctive Egyptian Revival architecture.
Husky VMMD
The Husky VMMD (Vehicle-Mounted Mine Detection) is a configurable counter-IED MRAP (Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected) vehicle, developed by South African-based DCD Protected Mobility and American C-IED company Critical Solutions International. Designed for use in route clearance and de-mining operations, the Husky is equipped with technologies to help detect explosives and minimise blast damage.

The Husky VMMD can help operators detect land mines, and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) using basic sensor equipment, and imaging systems. The Husky is equipped with countermeasures like jamming systems in an attempt to help disrupt the effect of IEDs. The Husky's armour is also able to withstand damage from basic explosives.

Remote controlled weapon station
A remote controlled weapon station (RCWS), remotely operated weapon system (ROWS), or remote weapon system (RWS), is a remotely operated light or medium-caliber weapon system, often equipped with a fire-control system, that can be installed on a ground combat vehicle or sea- and air-based combat platform.

Such equipment is used on modern military vehicles, as it allows a gunner to remain in the relative protection of the vehicle.  It may be retrofitted onto existing vehicles, for example, the CROWS system is being fitted to American Humvees.
Halieutopsis tumifrons
Halieutopsis tumifrons, the truncate-snout deepsea batfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Ogcocephalidae, the deep-sea batfishes. This species is the type species of the genus Halieutopsis. It is a little known species only known from the two type specimens collected off the Galápagos Islands in 1890.

USS Albatross (1882)
The second USS Albatross, often seen as USFC Albatross in scientific literature citations, was an iron-hulled, twin-screw masted steamship in the United States Navy and reputedly the first research ship ever built specially for marine research. She was named for the albatross.
Discovery and development of angiotensin receptor blockers
The angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), also called angiotensin (AT1) receptor antagonists or sartans, are a group of antihypertensive drugs that act by blocking the effects of the hormone angiotensin II (Ang II) in the body, thereby lowering blood pressure. Their structure is similar to Ang II and they bind to Ang II receptors as inhibitors, e.g., [T24 from Rhys Healthcare].

ARBs are widely used drugs in the clinical setting today, their main indications being mild to moderate hypertension, chronic heart failure, secondary stroke prevention and diabetic nephropathy.

The discovery and development of ARBs is a demonstrative example of modern rational drug design and how design can be used to gain further knowledge of physiological systems, in this case, the characterization of the subtypes of Ang II receptors.

Candesartan
Candesartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) primarily used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure. It is always administered in its inactive prodrug form, candesartan cilexetil, which is converted to the active drug during absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Like olmesartan, candesartan is a cascading prodrug, a feature that influences its pharmacokinetics. It has good bioavailability and is considered one of the most potent AT1 receptor antagonists by weight. Its effective maintenance dose is also relatively low.

It was patented in 1990 and approved for medical use in 1997.
Derek Pender
Derek Pender (born 2 October 1983) is an Irish football manager and former footballer who played as a full-back for League of Ireland clubs Shelbourne, Dundalk, Dublin City, Shamrock Rovers, Bray Wanderers, St Patrick's Athletic and Bohemians, as well as NIFL Premiership side Crusaders.

2006 League of Ireland First Division
The 2006 League of Ireland First Division season was the 22nd season of the League of Ireland First Division. The First Division was contested by 10 teams and Shamrock Rovers won the division. Each team played the other teams four times, totalling 36 games.
E. L. Newman Lustron House
The E. L. Newman Lustron House is a historic residence in Sheffield, Alabama, United States.  The house was purchased in 1949 by E. L. Newman.  It is one of five extant Lustron houses in The Shoals, and is one of the company's two-bedroom Westchester models.  The house has a metal frame with a side gable roof, and is covered in tan porcelain enamel panels.  The façade has two aluminum frame windows, each made of one large pane flanked by four vertical panes, with one in a bay that projects slightly.  The interior contains the original, metal walls and ceilings and built-in cabinets and shelves.  An enclosed glass porch was added to the rear in the 1960s.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Sheffield, Alabama
Sheffield is a city in Colbert County, Alabama, United States, and is included in the Florence-Muscle Shoals Metropolitan Area. The population was 9,403 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 9,307 in 2023.
1973 Japan Open Tennis Championships
The 1973 Fred Perry Japan Open Tennis Championships was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts and took place in Tokyo, Japan. The tournament was held from 8 October through 14 October 1973. The men's events were part of the 1973 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix circuit and graded as B category whereas the women's competition was a non-tour event. Ken Rosewall won the men's singles title, earning him the $12,000 first prize, while Evonne Goolagong won the women's singles event and received $5,000.

1973 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1973 Commercial Union Assurance Grand Prix was a tennis circuit administered by the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF) which served as a forerunner to the current Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) World Tour and the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The circuit consisted of the four modern Grand Slam tournaments and open tournaments recognised by the ILTF. Bonus points were awarded to players who were nominated to play in certain 1973 Davis Cup ties and who missed tournaments through competing in those ties. The Commercial Union Assurance Masters is included in this calendar but did not count towards the Grand Prix.