hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Azov Upland
The Azov Upland is a plateau located in the disputed Donetsk and Zaporizhia oblasts, internationally recognized as Ukrainian. It is part of the larger Ukrainian Crystalline Shield, also known as the Azov Crystalline Massif. It borders the Dnieper Lowland to the north, the Donets Ridge to the northeast, the Black Sea Lowland to the southwest, and the Azov Lowland to the south. The Azov Upland contains several mounds, known locally as mohyly, which are comparable to the Russian kurgan. The tallest of these mounds is Mount Belmak-Mohyla, with a height of 327 m (1,073 ft). The elevation of the Azov Upland varies between 200 to 250 m (660 to 820 ft).

The climate is similar to Donets Ridge. Soils are categorized as chernozem of poor or medium humus. Vegetation is a fescue-feather-grass steppe.

Dnieper Lowland
The Dnieper Lowland (also: Circumdnieper Lowland) (Ukrainian: Придніпровська низовина, romanized: Prydniprovska nyzovyna, lit. 'Cisdnipro Lowland') is a major geographic feature of the Central Ukraine region and the East European Plain.
Basketballscotland
Basketball Scotland, stylised basketballscotland, is the governing body of the sport of basketball in Scotland. The organisation manages national competitions and runs the Scotland national basketball team.

They are also founder members of the reformed Great Britain national basketball team. In 2024, basketballscotland joined with Basketball England and Basketball Wales to partner in running youth and Senior teams for Great Britain.

In summer 2025, David Fallon was appointed chief executive of basketballscotland after Kevin Pringle stepped down after 19 years of service.

Basketball Wales
Basketball Wales (Welsh: Pêl-fasged Cymru) (founded in 1952 as the Basketball Association of Wales) is the sole controller and the national governing body of all aspects of the game of basketball in Wales. It is responsible for the management of the Basketball Wales National League, the national teams and for the organisation of all national and international basketball competitions held in Wales.

Basketball Wales is a national affiliated federation of FIBA Europe and the International Basketball Federation (FIBA).
James Straus
James Straus is a special effects artist who was nominated at the 69th Academy Awards for the film Dragonheart in the category of Best Visual Effects. His nomination was shared with Scott Squires, Phil Tippett and Kit West.

He is also an animation supervisor and works at Industrial Light and Magic.

Phil Tippett
Phil Tippett (born September 27, 1951) is an American animator, visual effects supervisor and producer, and filmmaker. Over his career, he has assisted Industrial Light & Magic and DreamWorks, and in 1984 formed his own company, Tippett Studio.

His work has appeared in movies such as the original Star Wars trilogy, Jurassic Park, and RoboCop. In 2021, he released his long-gestating, primarily stop-motion film Mad God, which was funded through Kickstarter and distributed by Shudder.
1516 Henry
1516 Henry (provisional designation 1938 BG) is a stony asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 28 January 1938, by French astronomer André Patry at Nice Observatory in southeastern France. It is named for French astronomers and opticians, Paul and Prosper Henry.

André Patry
André Patry (22 November 1902 – 20 June 1960) was a French astronomer and discoverer of 9 minor planets in the late 1930s.

Patry was orphaned at a young age, and began working as a 17-year-old at the Nice Observatory in southeastern France. He studied asteroids and discovered several himself. The inner main-belt asteroid 1601 Patry was named in his honor (M.P.C. 2196).
Acinetobacter pittii
Acinetobacter pittii is a Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, strictly aerobic, nonmotile, diplococcoid rod bacterium from the genus Acinetobacter. DNA-DNA hybridization studies have been used to identify DNA groups (genomic species) within the genus Acinetobacter and A. pittii belongs to the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex. The specific epithet pittii is named after the British microbiologist Tyrone Pitt.

Bacteria of the genus Acinetobacter are ubiquitously distributed in nature. They are found in various types of soils and waters and are occasionally found in foodstocks. They are normal inhabitants of human skin and are capable of transitory colonization of the upper respiratory tract. They can cause infection in debilitated patients.

Acinetobacter
Acinetobacter is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the wider class of Gammaproteobacteria. Acinetobacter species are oxidase-negative, exhibit twitching motility, and occur in pairs under magnification.

They are important soil organisms, where they contribute to the mineralization of, for example, aromatic compounds. Acinetobacter species are a key source of infection in debilitated patients in the hospital, in particular the species Acinetobacter baumannii.
Max Weber (general)
Max Weber (August 27, 1824 – June 15, 1901) was a military officer in the armies of the Grand Duchy of Baden in Germany and later the United States, most known for serving as a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Franz Sigel
Franz Sigel (November 18, 1824 – August 21, 1902) was a German-born American military officer and revolutionary who immigrated to the United States where he worked as a teacher, newspaperman, and politician along with serving as a major general in the Union army during the American Civil War. His ability to recruit German-speaking immigrants to the Union armies received the approval of President Abraham Lincoln, but he was strongly disliked by General-in-Chief Henry Halleck.
Long Live the Cowboy
Long Live the Cowboy is the eleventh studio album by country music artist Clay Walker. The album is Walker's first full-length studio LP of new music in nine years since 2010's She Won't Be Lonely Long. The album was released independently through Walker's own record label, Maven Records on January 21, 2019. In addition to the singles "Right Now", "Working on Me" and "Change", the album features a cover of Ed Sheeran's signature hit "Thinking Out Loud".

She Won't Be Lonely Long
She Won't Be Lonely Long is the ninth studio album by American country music artist Clay Walker, and was released on June 8, 2010, via Curb Records. It is Walker's first studio album since 2007's Fall.
Nachindi
Nachindi is a village in of Chakwal District of Punjab province in Pakistan.  It is part of the Union Council Jand Khanzada in Chakwal Tehsil.  The population of Nachindi is about 4249.  A large percentage of the population works for the Pakistan Army and other defence-related departments.

Jand Khanzada
Jand Khanzada is a village and union council of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. It is part of Chakwal Tehsil, and is located at 32°55'60N 73°5'60E. The name literally means the village of Khanzada.
Susanna Loeb
Susanna Loeb is an American education economist, a professor and faculty director of the SCALE Initiative at the Stanford Graduate School of Education. She is also the Founder and Executive Director of the National Student Support Accelerator, which aims to expand access to high-impact tutoring to address inequities in educational opportunities. Prior to returning to Stanford in 2023, she led the Annenberg Institute at Brown University. Before moving to Brown University, she was the Barnett Family Professor of Education at the Stanford Graduate School of Education, where she also served as founding director of the Center for Education Policy Analysis (CEPA). Moreover, she directs Policy Analysis for California Education (PACE). Her research interests include the economics of education and the relationship between schools and educational policies, in particular school finance and teacher labor markets.

In 2020, Loeb was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Stanford University Graduate School of Education
The Stanford University Graduate School of Education (Stanford GSE or GSE) is one of the top education schools in the United States. It offers master's and doctoral programs in more than 25 areas of specialization, along with joint degrees with other programs at Stanford University including business, law, and public policy. The current dean of Stanford GSE (since 2015) is Daniel L. Schwartz.
Khiva operation (1919-1920)
Siege of Khiva (1920), was a military engagement between the forces of Junaid Khan and the Soviets led by Mikhail Frunze and Nikolay Shaidakov. The soviet offensive resulted in a Soviet victory, leading to fall of the Khivan Khanate and creation of the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic.

Khorezm People's Soviet Republic
The Khorezm People's Soviet Republic was the state created as the successor to the Khanate of Khiva in February 1920, when the Khan abdicated in response to pressure. It was officially declared by the First Khorezm Kurultay (Assembly) on 26 April 1920. On 20 October 1923, it was transformed into the Khorezm Socialist Soviet Republic..

On 27 October 1924 the Khorezm SSR was divided between the Uzbek and Turkmen SSRs and the Karakalpak Autonomous Oblast as part of the delimitation of Central Asia according to nationalities. The history of this short-lived republic remains murky and the way its government functioned is not largely clear. The government officials fervently opposed the delimitation plans of the Khorezmian Republic (which had to be carried out under Stalin’s orders) but in the end they were forced to concede.
Air data inertial reference unit
An air data inertial reference unit (ADIRU) is a key component of the integrated air data inertial reference system (ADIRS), which supplies air data (airspeed, angle of attack and altitude) and inertial reference (position and attitude) information to the pilots' electronic flight instrument system displays as well as other systems on the aircraft such as the engines, autopilot, aircraft flight control system and landing gear systems. An ADIRU acts as a single, fault tolerant source of navigational data for both pilots of an aircraft. It may be complemented by a secondary attitude air data reference unit (SAARU), as in the Boeing 777 design.

This device is used on various military aircraft as well as civilian airliners starting with the Airbus A320 and Boeing 777.

RAAF Base Learmonth
RAAF Base Learmonth, also known as Learmonth Airport (IATA: LEA, ICAO: YPLM), is a joint use Royal Australian Air Force base and civil airport. It is located near the town of Exmouth on the north-west coast of Western Australia. RAAF Base Learmonth is one of the RAAF's three bare bases. It is maintained by the RAAF's 25 Squadron and a small caretaker staff during peacetime.

The RAAF also operates the Learmonth Air Weapons Range which covers about 18,954 ha (46,840 acres) and is located 30 km (19 mi) south-west of the airbase.
Danaa Batgerel
Danaa Batgerel (born July 4, 1989) is a Mongolian mixed martial artist who competes in the Bantamweight division. A professional since 2011, he is most notable for his time in the Ultimate Fighting Championship.

Bantamweight (MMA)
The bantamweight division in mixed martial arts refers to a number of different MMA weight classes, which groups competitors within 126–135 lb (57.2-61.3 kg)

The UFC bantamweight division, which groups competitiors within the 126-135 lb (57-61 kg)

The Shooto bantamweight division, which suits competitors below 125 lb (56.7 kg)

The ONE Championship's bantamweight division, with upper limit at 65.8 kg (145.1 lb)

The Road FC's bantamweight division, with upper limit at 135.6 lb (61.5 kg)

The bantamweight division sits between the lighter flyweight (116–125 lb) division and the heavier featherweight division (136–145 lb).
Cherokee Bluffs, Alabama
Cherokee Bluffs is an unincorporated community in Tallapoosa County, Alabama, United States. The bluffs were a landmark in Tallapoosa County, and they were chosen as the first site on the Tallapoosa River for the creation of a dam and reservoir.

Tallapoosa River
The Tallapoosa River runs 265 miles (426 km) from the southern end of the Appalachian Mountains in Georgia, United States, southward and westward into the Appalachian foothills in Alabama. It is formed by the confluence of McClendon Creek and Mud Creek in Paulding County, Georgia. Lake Martin at Dadeville, Alabama is a large and popular water recreation area formed by a dam on the river. The Tallapoosa joins the Coosa River about 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Montgomery near Wetumpka (in Elmore County) to form the Alabama River.

There are four hydroelectric dams on the Tallapoosa: Yates, Thurlow, Martin and Harris dams. They are important sources of electricity generation for Alabama Power (a unit of the Southern Company) and recreation for the public.
Digital Michelangelo Project
The Digital Michelangelo Project was a pioneering initiative undertaken during the 1998–1999 academic year to digitize the sculptures and architecture of Michelangelo using advanced laser scanning technology. The project was led by a team of 30 faculty, staff, and students from Stanford University and the University of Washington, with the aim of creating high-resolution 3D models of Michelangelo's works for scholarly, educational, and preservation purposes.

Sagrestia Nuova
The Sagrestia Nuova, also known as the New Sacristy and the Medici Chapel, is a mausoleum that stands as a testament to the grandeur and artistic vision of the Medici family. Constructed in 1520, the mausoleum was designed by the Italian artist and architect Michelangelo. Situated adjacent to the Basilica di San Lorenzo in Florence, Italy, the Sagrestia Nuova forms an integral part of the museum complex known as the Medici Chapels.
Ryan Kiesel
Ryan Dean Kiesel (January 15, 1980 – January 31, 2025) was an American civil rights attorney and politician who represented the 28th district of the Oklahoma House of Representatives from 2004 to 2010. A member of the Democratic Party, he later served as the executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union of Oklahoma from August 2011 to June 2020.

University of Oklahoma College of Law
The University of Oklahoma College of Law is the law school of the University of Oklahoma. It is located on the University's campus in Norman, Oklahoma. The College of Law was founded in 1909 by a resolution of the OU Board of Regents.

According to OU Law's 2016 ABA-required disclosures, 83.9% of the Class of 2016 obtained full-time, long-term positions for which bar passage was required (75.5%) or for which a J.D. was an advantage (8.39%) nine months after graduation.
Choroidal fissure
The choroid is the middle, vascular coat of the eye which resides between the sclera and the retina. Early in development the choroidal fissure is a groove that extends along the ventral aspect of the optic stalk. In effect, it is a continuation of the invagination that forms the optic cup during early development in amniotes. For a period of time this groove extends to the closing lips of the optic cup. During development it is through the choroidal fissure that the retinal vessels enter and leave the eye. While optic neural components (e.g. axons arising from retinal ganglion cells in the sensory retina) do not lie in the groove that is the choroidal fissure, they do extend through the portions of the optic stalk that form the walls of the fissure. These axons will form the optic nerve. The fissure is eventually sealed when the lips of the optic cup, as well as the edges of the groove in the optic stalk, fuse.  Failure of this fissure to close results in coloboma iridis.

Choroid
The choroid, also known as the choroidea or choroid coat, is a part of the uvea, the vascular layer of the eye. It contains connective tissues, and lies between the retina and the sclera.  The human choroid is thickest at the far extreme rear of the eye (at 0.2 mm), while in the outlying areas it narrows to 0.1 mm. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina.  Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract.

The structure of the choroid is generally divided into four layers (classified in order of furthest away from the retina to closest):

Haller's layer – outermost layer of the choroid consisting of larger diameter blood vessels;

Sattler's layer – layer of medium diameter blood vessels;

Choriocapillaris – layer of capillaries; and

Bruch's membrane (synonyms: Lamina basalis, Complexus basalis, Lamina vitra) – innermost layer of the choroid.
Titanocene dicarbonyl
Dicarbonylbis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium is the chemical compound with the formula (η5-C5H5)2Ti(CO)2, abbreviated Cp2Ti(CO)2.  This maroon-coloured, air-sensitive species is soluble in aliphatic and aromatic solvents.  It has been used for the deoxygenation of sulfoxides, reductive coupling of aromatic aldehydes and reduction of aldehydes.

Aldehyde
In organic chemistry, an aldehyde (/ˈældɪhaɪd/) (lat. alcohol dehydrogenatum, dehydrogenated alcohol) is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure R−CH=O. The functional group itself (without the "R" side chain) can be referred to as an aldehyde but can also be classified as a formyl group. Aldehydes are a common motif in many chemicals important in technology and biology.
50th United States Congress
The 50th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1887, to March 4, 1889, during the last two years of Grover Cleveland's first presidency. The president vetoed 212 pieces of legislation, the greatest number in a single session of Congress.

The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1880 United States census. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.

United States House Committee on Natural Resources
The U.S. House Committee on Natural Resources or Natural Resources Committee (often referred to as simply Resources) is a Congressional committee of the United States House of Representatives.  Originally called the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs (1951), the name was changed to the Committee on Natural Resources in 1991.  The name was shortened to the Committee on Resources in 1995 by the new chair, Don Young (at the same time, the committee took over the duties of the now-defunct Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee). Following the Democratic takeover of the House of Representatives in 2006, the name of the committee was changed back to its title used between 1991 and 1995.
Anniston Moulders
The Anniston Moulders were a minor league baseball team based in Anniston, Alabama. From 1913 to 1917, the "Moulders" played as members of the Class D level Georgia–Alabama League. The team was immediately preceded by the 1911 and 1912 Anniston "Models," who played as members of the Class D level Southeastern League and the 1904 Anniston team of the independent Tennessee–Alabama League. Anniston won league championships in 1911 and 1917.

Baseball Hall of Fame charter member Ty Cobb played for Anniston in 1904, in his first professional season. Today, there are historical plaques in Anniston commemorating his season of play in the city.

The Anniston teams hosted home minor league games at the 14th Street Park, known today as Zinn Park.

Anniston, Alabama
Anniston is a city and the county seat of Calhoun County in Alabama, United States, and is one of two urban centers/principal cities of and included in the Anniston–Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Anniston had a population of 21,564. Named "The Model City" by Atlanta newspaperman Henry W. Grady for its careful planning in the late 19th century, the city is situated on the slope of Blue Mountain.
Kingisepp constituency
The Kingisepp single-member constituency (No. 112) is a Russian legislative constituency in Leningrad Oblast. The constituency covers western Leningrad Oblast.

The constituency has been represented since 2017 by United Russia deputy Sergey Yakhnyuk, former Vice Governor of Leningrad Oblast, who won the open seat after the resignation of State Duma Chairman Sergey Naryshkin.

Governor of Leningrad Oblast
The Governor of Leningrad Oblast (Russian: Губернатор Ленинградской области) is the head of executive branch for the Leningrad Oblast, considered as Prime Minister of Leningrad Oblast.

The office of Governor is an elected position, for which elected officials serve four year terms. While individual politicians may serve as many terms as they can be elected to, Governors cannot be elected to more than two consecutive terms.

The official residence for the Governor is located in Saint Petersburg. The current Governor is Aleksandr Drozdenko, who assumed office on May 11, 2012.
Sanjak of Kruševac
The Sanjak of Kruševac or the Sanjak of Alacahisar (Turkish: Alacahisar Sancağı, Serbian: Крушевачки санџак) was one of the sanjaks in the Ottoman Empire with Alacahisar (modern-day Kruševac) as its administrative centre. Its Turkish name, Alacahisar, means colorful fortress.

Prokuplje
Prokuplje (Serbian Cyrillic: Прокупље, pronounced [prǒkupʎe]) is a city and the administrative center of the Toplica District in southern Serbia. As of 2022 census, the municipality has a population of 38,054 inhabitants.

Prokuplje is one of the Roman sites of Serbia. When South Serbs first settled in this area in the 6th century, the city was known as Komplos. The town was known as Ürgüp during Ottoman rule. After Serbia's victory over the Ottomans, Prokuplje was incorporated into the Kingdom of Serbia in 1878.
2019 Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne
The 71st edition of the Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne cycling classic was held on 3 March 2019. It was part of the 2019 UCI Europe Tour and ranked as a 1.HC event. The route was 201.1 km (125 mi), starting and finishing in Kuurne. It was the second and concluding race of the Belgian opening weekend, the year's first road races in Northwestern Europe, one day after Omloop Het Nieuwsblad.

The race was won by Bob Jungels of Deceuninck–Quick-Step, followed by Owain Doull in second and Niki Terpstra finishing in third. 165 riders started and 70 riders finished the race.

Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne
Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne is an annual single-day road cycling race in Belgium. It is held one day after Omloop Het Nieuwsblad, on the last Sunday of February or the first of March, and completes the opening weekend of the Belgian cycling season. It was ranked a 1.HC event of the UCI Europe Tour before joining the UCI ProSeries in 2020. Tom Boonen holds the most wins with three victories.
Future-oriented technology analysis
Future-oriented technology analysis (FTA) is a collective term from futures studies for analyzing future technology and its consequences. It includes technology intelligence, technology forecasting, technology roadmapping, technology assessment, and technology foresight. Technology Futures Analysis or Technology Future Analysis (TFA) is a synonym.

Future-oriented technology analysis shares common methods with horizon scanning.

Technology forecasting
Technology forecasting attempts to predict the future characteristics of useful technological machines, procedures or techniques. Researchers create technology forecasts based on past experience and current technological developments. Like other forecasts, technology forecasting can be helpful for both public and private organizations to make smart decisions. By analyzing future opportunities and threats, the forecaster can improve decisions in order to achieve maximum benefits. Today, most countries are experiencing huge social and economic changes, which heavily rely on technology development. By analyzing these changes, government and economic institutions could make plans for future developments. However, not all of historical data can be used for technology forecasting, forecasters also need to adopt advanced technology and quantitative modeling from experts’ researches and conclusions.