hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Venice Fishing Pier
Venice Fishing Pier is a pier in Venice, Los Angeles, in the U.S. state of California. The pier is part of Venice Beach Boardwalk and attracts between 28,000 and 30,000 visitors daily.

The current concrete structure was completed c. 1963. The pier was ordered closed in 1983 after waves tore out a concrete ramp to the pier and cut utility lines, and then closed again in November 1986 by the Los Angeles County Department of Beaches and Harbors after county engineers discovered apparently serious structural problems. The pier stood idle until 1997 when it finally reopened after a $4.5-million restoration and after activist pressure from Pier Pressure, a small group of Venice business people and residents.

According to Paste, the pier extends approximately 1,300 feet into the Pacific Ocean.

In 2018 the Venice Oceanarium proposed a new exhibited space for the pier.

Venice Beach Boardwalk
The Venice Beach Boardwalk is a two-mile promenade stretching parallel to Venice Beach. In the north, the Boardwalk connects to the Santa Monica Boardwalk, and it terminates in Marina del Rey in the south. Notable attractions along the Venice Beach Boardwalk include Muscle Beach Venice, the Venice Beach Skatepark, a segment of the Beach Bike Path which also serves pedestrians and skaters, the Venice Art Walls, and numerous volleyball courts. The Venice Beach Boardwalk attracts approximately 28,000 to 30,000 tourists daily, attracting approximately 10 million visitors per year  and is the 2nd-largest tourist attraction in Southern California after Disneyland.
Exploration of the High Alps
Exploration of the higher region of the Alps by travellers from outside the immediate region only became popular from the 18th century. About 20 glacier passes were known before 1600, 25 more before 1700, and another 20 before 1800. While an attempt in 1689 to "re-open" the Col du Géant by Philibert-Amédée Arnod, an official from the duchy of Aosta, may be counted as having been made by a non-native, historical records do not show any further such activities until the last quarter of the 18th century.  There are some records of very early ascents by non-natives, including that of the Rocciamelone in 1358 in fulfilment of a vow; that of the Mont Aiguille in 1492 by order of Charles VIII of France; and the ascent of the Gnepfstein, the lowest and the most westerly of the seven summits by Conrad Gessner in 1555.

Ankogel Group
The Ankogel Group (German: Ankogelgruppe) is a sub-group of the Central Eastern Alps. Together with the Goldberg Group, the Glockner Group, the Schober Group, the Kreuzeck Group, the Granatspitze Group, the Venediger Group, the Villgraten Mountains and the Rieserferner Group it forms the mountain range of the Hohe Tauern (High Tauern).

The Ankogel Group is located in the Austrian federal states of Salzburg and Carinthia. Its highest peak is the Hochalmspitze, 3,360 m (AA) (11,020 ft).
Golden Ears Provincial Park
Golden Ears Provincial Park is a 555.9 square kilometres (214.6 sq mi) provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. It is named after the prominent twin peaks, which are commonly referred to as Golden Ears (Mount Blanshard) (elevation: 1,716 metres (5,630 ft)). The park was originally part of Garibaldi Provincial Park (established 1927) and was split off as a separate park in 1967. The area was logged extensively in the 1920s by the Lougheed and Abernathy Logging Company. Golden Ears Provincial Park is a protected area that contains many endangered species of flora and fauna.

Lillooet Tribal Council
The Lillooet Tribal Council is the official English name of the largest tribal council of what is also known as the St'at'imc Nation, though not including all governments of St'at'imc peoples - the term St'at'imc Nation has another context of all St'at'imc peoples, not just those within this tribal council or the tribal council itself, as the term can be used for.  The Lillooet Tribal Council a.k.a. the St'at'imc Nation is the largest tribal council of the St'at'imc people (a.k.a. the Lillooet people), though a pan-St'at'imc organization, the St'át'timc Chiefs Council includes all St'at'imc bands.
Comeback sheep
The Comeback is a type of domestic sheep originating in Australia.  This type of sheep results from crossbreds produced by British Longwool sheep and Merinos being mated back to Merinos. This cross is made to achieve a finer, better style of wool. Comeback style wool is also produced by Bond, Cormo and Polwarth sheep and they may prove easier to breed than Comebacks.  The Comeback sheep are raised for meat and their fine wool.

Border Leicester
The Border Leicester is a British breed of sheep. It is a polled, long-wool sheep and is considered a dual-purpose breed as it is reared both for meat and for wool. It is known for its distinctive upright ears. The sheep are large but docile. They have been exported to other sheep-producing regions, including Australia and the United States.
Manchester (village), New York
Manchester is a village located within the Town of Manchester in Ontario County, New York, United States.  The population was 1,709 at the 2010 census. The village was named after Manchester in England.

The Village of Manchester is located in the southwest part of the town, north of Canandaigua.

(The area and population reported and analyzed in this article are also included in the aggregate values for the town as a whole. See: Manchester (town), New York. )

Ontario County, New York
Ontario County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 112,458. The county seat is Canandaigua. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Ontario County is part of the Rochester, New York metropolitan area.

In 2006, Progressive Farmer rated Ontario County as the "Best Place to Live" in the U.S., for its "great schools, low crime, excellent health care" and its proximity to Rochester.
M. L. Andreasen
Milian Lauritz Andreasen (June 4, 1876 – February 19, 1962), was a Seventh-day Adventist theologian, pastor and author.

He was one of the Seventh-day Adventist church's most prominent theologians during the 1930s and 1940s. Andreasen held to the belief that Christians can overcome sin, known popularly as Last Generation Theology, controversial for its views on atonement and salvation. Andreasen became well known for his protests against Seventh-day Adventist church leaders during the last years of his life.

Review and Herald Publishing Association
The Review and Herald Publishing Association was the older of two Seventh-day Adventist publishing houses in North America.  The organization published books, magazines, study guides, CDs, videos and games for Adventist churches, schools and individual subscribers.  It also printed and distributed the Adventist Review magazine. In 2014 the Review and Herald Publishing Association decided to remain as a publisher, but without printing and distribution facilities. It maintains a board and administrators.
V. K. Rao
Valluri Kameswara Rao (15 July 1914 – 27 November 2018) was an Indian Civil Service officer and Chief Secretary of Andhra Pradesh, and the oldest living officer of the Indian Civil Service at the time of his death.  He served in the civil service of the British Raj as a collector and magistrate.  After Independence Rao joined the Indian government's finance department and transferred into the newly founded Indian Administrative Service. He transferred to Andhra State after it was founded in 1953.  After the founding of Andhra Pradesh in 1956 Rao became that state's first secretary of public works.  He later served the central government on the Planning Commission before returning to Andhra Pradesh as its chief secretary.  Rao was principal secretary to the President of India Neelam Sanjiva Reddy from 1981 to 1982.

Chief secretary (India)
The Chief Secretary is the highest-ranking executive official and civil servant of the government of an Indian state. The Chief Secretary is the ex-officio head of the state Civil Services Board, the State Secretariat, the state cadre Indian Administrative Service and all civil services under the rules of business of the state government. The Chief Secretary acts as the principal advisor to the chief minister on all matters of state administration.

The Chief Secretary is an officer of the Indian Administrative Service. The Chief Secretary is the senior-most cadre post in the state administration, ranking 23rd on the Indian order of precedence. The Chief Secretary acts as an ex-officio secretary to the state cabinet, therefore called "Secretary to the Cabinet". The status of this post is equal to that of a Secretary to the Government of India.
Anarchist Immigrants in Spain and Argentina
Anarchist Immigrants in Spain and Argentina is a 2015 history book by James A. Baer on the intertwined anarchist movements of Spain and Argentina. The book delves into the period between 1868 and 1939, illuminating the transnational migration of anarchists between Spain and Argentina. Through the lives of key figures like Diego Abad de Santillán and Manuel Villar, Baer explores how these migrations shaped anarchist ideology and influenced the movement's growth in both countries. With insights drawn from extensive interviews and access to anarchist records, the book highlights the interconnectedness of anarchist migrants, their pursuit of jobs and political goals, and their significant impact on the histories of Spain and Argentina, particularly during the Spanish Civil War.

Anarchism in Argentina
The Argentine anarchist movement was one of the strongest such movements in South America. It saw great support between 1890 and the start of a series of military governments in 1930. During this period, it was dominated by anarchist communists and anarcho-syndicalists. The movement's theories were a hybrid of European anarchist thought and local elements, just as it consisted demographically of both European immigrant workers and native Argentines.
Microsoft Push Notification Service
Microsoft Push Notification Service (commonly referred to as MPNS) is a mobile service developed by Microsoft. It allows for developers to send push data from servers to Windows Phone applications. The MPNS is natively supported on applications that target the Windows Phone 8 Operating System. Microsoft announced the Windows Notification Service for Windows 8 and Windows Phone 8.1 in 2011, effectively replacing the MPNS with this service. The MPNS can be used on  applications that are installed on Windows Phone 8.1 if the source code is migrated to a Microsoft Silverlight application, modified to target Windows Phone 8.1, and was already registered to use the MPNS before the upgrade.

Push technology
Push technology, also known as server push, is a communication method where the communication is initiated by a server rather than a client. This approach is different from the "pull" method where the communication is initiated by a client.

In push technology, clients can express their preferences for certain types of information or data, typically through a process known as the publish–subscribe model. In this model, a client "subscribes" to specific information channels hosted by a server. When new content becomes available on these channels, the server automatically sends, or "pushes," this information to the subscribed client.

Under certain conditions, such as restrictive security policies that block incoming HTTP requests, push technology is sometimes simulated using a technique called polling. In these cases, the client periodically checks with the server to see if new information is available, rather than receiving automatic updates.
Doraine and Ellis
Doraine and Ellis (Doraine Renard: 1913–2003 and Ellis Lucas: 1916–2006) were an American husband and wife vaudeville and variety singing team of the twentieth century, who often billed themselves as "The Singing Sweethearts" or "America's Foremost Singing Team".

Touring with the USO for hundreds of performances during World War II at the behest of Bob Hope, whom the couple knew from their days of performing at nightclubs around the United States,
Doraine and Ellis entertained Allied troops on bills with such performers as Morey Amsterdam and Martha Raye before being forced to return stateside following minor injuries received in London during the Blitz.

Morey Amsterdam
Moritz "Morey" Amsterdam (December 14, 1908 – October 28, 1996) was an American actor, comedian, writer and producer. Between 1948 and 1950, he hosted his own TV sitcom The Morey Amsterdam Show. He played Buddy Sorrell on CBS's The Dick Van Dyke Show from 1961 to 1966.
USA-5
USA-5, also known as Navstar 10, GPS I-10 and GPS SVN-10, was an American navigation satellite launched in 1984 as part of the Global Positioning System (GPS) development programme. It was the tenth of eleven Block I GPS satellites to be launched.

GPS satellite blocks
GPS satellite blocks are the various production generations of the Global Positioning System (GPS) used for satellite navigation. The first satellite in the system, Navstar 1, was launched by the United States Air Force on 22 February 1978. The GPS satellite constellation is now operated by the 2nd Navigation Warfare Squadron (2 NWS) of Mission Delta 31, United States Space Force.

The GPS satellites circle the Earth at an altitude of about 20,000 km (12,427 miles) and complete two full orbits every day.
Rockoon (Tangerine Dream album)
Rockoon is the forty-fourth major release and twenty-first studio album released by Tangerine Dream. The album was started in March 1991 and completed January 1992, making it the longest production ever in the band's history until the release of Quantum Gate in 2017. The album was nominated in the US for the "Best New Age Album 1992" Grammy and reached the Top Ten in Billboard New Age charts and the Top Twenty in Billboard Jazz charts.

It is the first full album of Tangerine Dream music as a father and son duo. Saxophone player Linda Spa who joined in 1990 does not appear on this release.

The album was re-released in 1999 on Tangerine Dream's own TDI label with new cover artwork by Edgar Froese.

Quantum Gate (album)
Quantum Gate (2017) is the 150th release and 30th main studio album by Tangerine Dream. It is the first full-length album since the death of founder Edgar Froese in 2015, and is largely based on ideas and musical sketches left by Froese. The album was preceded by and is companion to the 2015 mini-album Quantum Key.

This album earned the group the most press they have had since the release of 1988's Optical Race due to the revived interest in the group following Froese's death.
2012 FKF President's Cup
The 2012 FKF President's Cup was the 41st season of Kenya's top domestic cup competition. The deadline for application was 30 July, and 32 clubs had registered for participation to the tournament after paying a mandatory KSh.15,000/= fee, with a final list of 34 teams. The quarter-finals were played on 6−7 October, while the semi-finals and the final were played on 17−18 November and 21 November respectively, after the end of the 2012 Kenyan Premier League.

Two teams were to be knocked out in the first round (playoff matches) to decide who would advance to the second round.

By winning the tournament, Gor Mahia earned a place in the preliminary round of the 2013 CAF Confederation Cup, and will play Tusker, the winners of the 2012 Kenyan Premier League, at the 2013 Kenyan Super Cup.

Kenya Revenue Authority
Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) is an agency of the Government of Kenya that is responsible for the assessment, collection and accounting of all revenues that are due to the government in accordance with the laws of Kenya.
Listed buildings in Coniston, Cumbria
Coniston is a civil parish in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England. It contains 53 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, four are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish is in the Lake District National Park and is located to the west, north and east of Coniston Water. Most of the listed buildings are houses and associated structures, farmhouses and farm buildings. The other listed buildings include bridges, a limekiln, a folly, a boundary stone, a church, a drinking fountain, and a memorial.

Coniston Water
Coniston Water is a lake in the Lake District in North West England. It is the third largest by volume, after Windermere and Ullswater, and the fifth-largest by area. The lake has a length of 8.7 kilometres (5+3⁄8 mi), a maximum width of 730 metres (800 yd), and a maximum depth of 56.1 m (184 ft 1 in). Its outflow is the River Crake, which drains into Morecambe Bay via the estuary of the River Leven. The lake is in the unitary authority of Westmorland and Furness, the historic county of Lancashire, and the ceremonial county of Cumbria.
Promecosoma
Promecosoma is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. There are 26 described species in Promecosoma. Most species are found in Mexico, though two species are also known from southern Arizona.

Eumolpinae
The Eumolpinae are a subfamily of the leaf beetles, or Chrysomelidae. It is one of the largest subfamilies of leaf beetles, including more than 500 genera and 7000 species. They are oval, and convex in form, and measure up to 10 mm in size. Typical coloration for this subfamily of beetles ranges from bright yellow to dark red. Many species are iridescent or brilliantly metallic blue or green in appearance.
Shahi Island
Shahi Island (Persian: جزیرهٔ شاهی, Azerbaijani: شاهی آداسؽ, Armenian: Արքայից կղզի) lit. 'King Island' is the largest island in the endorheic Urmia Lake, East Azerbaijan Province in Iran. Located in the eastern part of the lake, Shahi Island has a surface area of 23,000 hectares.

The island is the only inhabited island in Lake Urmia, with seven villages, including Burachalu, Ghebchagh, Teymurlu, and Bahramabad. These villages were located on the shores of the island. However the water level in the lake has been falling, and the "island" is now connected to the mainland on its eastern side and it forms a peninsula. The Shahi island is a rural district (dehestan) in Osku County.

Osku County
Osku County (Persian: شهرستان اسکو) is in East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Osku.

Osku is one of the oldest cities in East Azerbaijan, according to old books, and is like stepping into a time machine. The city is located on a volcano hillside and has many caves in the city.  Attractions such as Kandovan and natural landscapes make Osku one of the touristic cities in Iran. It is one of the few cities in Iran where batik printing centers still remain in operation. Osku is presently known as the capital of batik in Iran. Hilleh Historical Village is another historical village near to the city, currently abandoned.
Johansen test
In statistics, the Johansen test, named after Søren Johansen, is a procedure for testing cointegration of several, say k, I(1) time series. This test permits more than one cointegrating relationship so is more generally applicable than the Engle-Granger test which is based on the Dickey–Fuller (or the augmented) test for unit roots in the residuals from a single (estimated) cointegrating relationship.

Augmented Dickey–Fuller test
In statistics, an augmented Dickey–Fuller test (ADF) tests the null hypothesis that a unit root is present in a time series sample. The alternative hypothesis depends on which version of the test is used, but is usually stationarity or trend-stationarity. It is an augmented version of the Dickey–Fuller test for a larger and more complicated set of time series models.

The augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) statistic, used in the test, is a negative number. The more negative it is, the stronger the rejection of the hypothesis that there is a unit root at some level of confidence.
Emergency medical services in Poland
State Medical Rescue (Polish: Państwowe Ratownictwo Medyczne, PRM) in Poland is a system of free public emergency healthcare established by Ustawa o Państwowym Ratownictwie Medycznym (State Medical Rescue Act), including ambulance service and Emergency Departments (EDs).  While in Polish public hospitals and clinics NFZ common public insurance is required, PRM medical services in ambulances and EDs are completely free for everyone. Since 2018 emergency ambulances that operates in PRM, that is Polish 112 and 999 emergency numbers, are operated by public entities only (mostly voivodeships and cities dependent organisations).

Air medical services
Air medical services are the use of aircraft, including both fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters to provide various kinds of urgent medical care, especially prehospital, emergency and critical care to patients during aeromedical evacuation and rescue operations.
1977–78 La Salle Explorers men's basketball team
The 1977–78 La Salle Explorers men's basketball team represented La Salle University as a member of the East Coast Conference during the 1977–78 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by head coach Paul Westhead and played their home games at The Palestra in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. After finishing atop the ECC East division standings, the Explorers won the ECC tournament to receive a bid to the NCAA tournament. As the No. 4 at-large seed in the East region, La Salle lost to the No. 2 qualifying seed Villanova in the opening round. The team finished with a record of 18–12 (7–0 ECC).

1977–78 Villanova Wildcats men's basketball team
The 1977–78 Villanova Wildcats men's basketball team represented Villanova University during the 1977–78 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The head coach was Rollie Massimino. The team played its home games at Villanova Field House in Villanova, Pennsylvania, and was a member of the Eastern Athletic Association (EAA).  The team won the regular season EAA title and reached the Elite Eight of the NCAA tournament before falling to Duke. Villanova finished with a 23–9 record (7–3 Big East).
University Park, Portland, Oregon
University Park is a neighborhood in the north section of Portland, Oregon, United States, on the east shore of the Willamette River. University Park is bounded by North Lombard Street and the Portsmouth neighborhood to the north, North Chautauqua Boulevard and the Arbor Lodge neighborhood to the east, The Willamette River and Mock's Bottom industrial area to the south, and the North Portland railroad cut with Cathedral Park and St. Johns neighborhoods to the west.

The neighborhood shares its name with a 11.26-acre (4.56 ha) North Portland park in the adjacent Portsmouth neighborhood, land for which was acquired in 1953.

University Park is home to Portland's largest mixed-race population, making up 7.49% of its population.

Portsmouth, Portland, Oregon
Portsmouth is a neighborhood in the north section of Portland, Oregon, United States. It is bordered by Columbia Boulevard to the north, Lombard Street to the south, Chautauqua Boulevard to the east, and a BNSF Railway cut to the west.
UAAP Final Four
The UAAP Final Four refers to the postseasons of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP) tournaments. The term "final four" came from the National Collegiate Athletic Association of the United States' men's Division I basketball tournament which is colloquially called as the "final four" in that country. "Final Four" is now a registered trademark exclusive to the American NCAA and no other organizing body within the U.S. can use that name in referring to their tournaments.

UAAP Season 72
UAAP Season 72 was the 2009–2010 season of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines. It was hosted by Far Eastern University, with opening rites on July 11, 2009 at the Araneta Coliseum. The men's basketball tournament and the women's volleyball tournament were aired by ABS-CBN's UHF Studio 23 for the tenth consecutive year.