hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tuor and Idril
Tuor Eladar and Idril Celebrindal are fictional characters from J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium. They are the parents of Eärendil the Mariner and grandparents of Elrond Half-elven: through their progeny, they become the ancestors of the Númenóreans and of the King of the Reunited Kingdom Aragorn Elessar. Both characters play a pivotal role in The Fall of Gondolin, one of Tolkien's earliest stories; it formed the basis for a section in his later work, The Silmarillion, and was expanded as a standalone book in 2018.

Tuor and Idril's marriage was one of only three between Men and High Elves in Tolkien's writings. Scholars have compared Tuor to Odysseus in Greek mythology, and to Aeneas in Roman mythology, while Idril's story has been likened to those of Cassandra and of Helen of Troy.

Beleriand
In J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional legendarium, Beleriand (Sindarin pronunciation: [bɛˈlɛ.ri.and]) was a region in northwestern Middle-earth during the First Age. Events in Beleriand are described chiefly in his work The Silmarillion: It tells the story of the early Ages of Middle-earth, in a style similar to that of the epics of Nordic literature—stories pervaded by a tone of impending doom. Beleriand also appears in the works The Book of Lost Tales, The Children of Húrin, and The Lays of Beleriand.

In Tolkien's early writing, he coined many prospective names for the region. Among them were Broceliand, the name of an enchanted forest in medieval romance, and Ingolondë—a play on the name England—when he hoped to root a mythology for England in the region. The scholar Gergely Nagy looked at the prose of the Silmarillion and found what may be evidence of the structure and syntax of Beleriand's poetry.
Abdullahi Osman Agey
General Abdullahi Osman Agey (Somali: Cabdulaahi Cismaan Cagey, Arabic: عبد الله عثمان إغآي) is a Somali military commander. He is the Deputy Chief of the Somali National Army, having been appointed to the position on 25 June 2014 in place of General Abdirisaq Khalif Hussein. General Abdullahi Anod was concurrently named as the new Chief of Army.

Abdirisaq Khalif Elmi
General Abdirizak Khalif Elmi (Somali: Cabdirisaaq Khaliif Ciilmi, Arabic: عبد الرزاق خليف علمي) is a Somali military commander. He is the Deputy Chief of the Somali National Army, having been appointed to the position on 13 March 2013 in place of Abdikarin Yusuf Dhega Badan.
Osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system
The osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system (OROS) is an advanced controlled release oral drug delivery system in the form of a rigid tablet with a semi-permeable outer membrane and one or more small laser drilled holes in it. As the tablet passes through the body, water is absorbed through the semipermeable membrane via osmosis, and the resulting osmotic pressure is used to push the active drug through the laser drilled opening(s) in the tablet and into the gastrointestinal tract. OROS is a trademarked name owned by ALZA Corporation, which pioneered the use of osmotic pumps for oral drug delivery.

Route of administration
In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the way by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body.

Routes of administration are generally classified by the  location at which the substance is applied.  Common examples include oral and intravenous administration. Routes can also be classified based on where the target of action is.  Action may be topical (local), enteral (system-wide effect, but delivered through the gastrointestinal tract), or parenteral (systemic action, but is delivered by routes other than the GI tract). Route of administration and dosage form are aspects of drug delivery.
Harriet Cany Peale
Harriet Christina Cany Peale (1799 – January 12, 1869) was an American landscape, portrait, and genre painter of the mid-nineteenth century. Although sometimes described as a copyist, a greater share of her oeuvre has been made public in recent years, allowing Cany Peale to earn recognition for her genre and landscape paintings. She has been located in contemporary scholarship as an artist of the Hudson River School.

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) is a museum and private art school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1805, it is the longest continuously operating art museum and art school in the United States.

The academy's museum is internationally known for its collections of 19th- and 20th-century American paintings, sculptures, and works on paper. Its archives house important materials for the study of American art history, museums, and art training. It offers a Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, certificate programs, and continuing education. Beginning in 2025, the academy will cease offering degrees except bachelor's degrees in conjunction with the University of Pennsylvania.
Midway Mall (Texas)
The Midway Mall is the only shopping mall in the areas of far North Texas and Southern Oklahoma. The mall is also the only mall outside of the greater Dallas/Fort Worth area and central Oklahoma. The mall sits about one mile east of US Highway 75. The Sherman and Denison, Texas, area has a population of about 150,000.

Denison, Texas
Denison is a city in Grayson County, Texas, United States, 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the Texas–Oklahoma border. Its population was 24,479 at the 2020 census, up from 22,682 at the 2010 census. Denison is part of the Texoma region and is one of two principal cities in the Sherman–Denison metropolitan statistical area. It is the birthplace of 34th U.S. president Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Toledot
Toledot, Toldot, Toldos, or Toldoth (תּוֹלְדֹת‎—Hebrew for "generations" or "descendants," the second word and the first distinctive word in the parashah) is the sixth weekly Torah portion (פָּרָשָׁה‎, parashah) in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. The parashah tells of the conflict between Jacob and Esau, Isaac's passing off his wife Rebekah as his sister, and Isaac's blessing of his sons.

It constitutes Genesis 25:19–28:9. The parashah is made up of 5,426 Hebrew letters, 1,432 Hebrew words, 106 verses, and 173 lines in a Torah Scroll (סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה‎, Sefer Torah). Jews read it the sixth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in November, or rarely in early December.

Chaim ibn Attar
Chaim ibn Attar or Ḥayyim ben Moshe ibn Attar (Arabic: حاييم بن موشي بن عطار, Hebrew: חיים בן משה בן עטר; c. 1696 – 7 July 1743) also known as the Or ha-Ḥayyim after his popular commentary on the Torah, was a Talmudist and Kabbalist. He is arguably considered to be one of the most prominent Rabbis of Morocco, and is highly regarded in Hassidic Judaism.
Green Street School
The Green Street School is a historic school building at 104 Green Street in Somersworth, New Hampshire. Built in 1890–91, it is the city's oldest surviving school, and a prominent feature of its urban core. It was converted into residences in 1983–84, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Somersworth, New Hampshire
Somersworth is a city in Strafford County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 11,855 at the 2020 census. Somersworth has the smallest area and third-lowest population of New Hampshire's 13 cities.
Neanderthal 1
Feldhofer 1 or Neanderthal 1 is the scientific name of the 40,000-year-old type specimen fossil of the species Homo neanderthalensis. The fossil was discovered in August 1856 in the Kleine Feldhofer Grotte cave in the Neander Valley (Neandertal), located 13 km (8.1 mi) east of Düsseldorf, Germany.

In 1864, the fossil's description was first published in a scientific journal, where it was officially named. Neanderthal 1 was not the first Neanderthal fossil ever discovered. Other Neanderthal fossils had been found earlier but were not recognized as belonging to a distinct species.

Femur
The femur (/ˈfiːmər/; pl.: femurs or femora /ˈfɛmərə/), or thigh bone is the only bone in the thigh — the region of the lower limb between the hip and the knee. In many four-legged animals, the femur is the upper bone of the hindleg.

The top of the femur fits into a socket in the pelvis called the hip joint, and the bottom of the femur connects to the shinbone (tibia) and kneecap (patella) to form the knee. In humans the femur is the  largest and thickest bone in the body.
Jack Moran (boxer)
Jack Moran (July 4, 1894 – November 4, 1966) was an American professional boxer from 1911-1922. At birth, his last name was Cizek, which he changed to Moran for promotional reasons. He fought for the world light heavyweight boxing title.

Battling Levinsky
Barney "Battling" Levinsky (born Lebowitz; June 10, 1890 – February 12, 1949) was an American boxer who was the world light heavyweight champion from 1916 to 1920.  Statistical boxing website BoxRec lists Levinsky as the #12 ranked light heavyweight of all time, while The Ring Magazine founder Nat Fleischer placed him at #9. The International Boxing Research Organization rates Levinsky as the 20th best light heavyweight ever. He was inducted into the Ring Magazine Hall of Fame in 1966, the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1982, and the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 2000.
Mapogo lion coalition
The Mapogo lion coalition was a band of male South African lions that controlled the Sabi Sand region in Kruger National Park between 2006 and 2012. 
Researchers named the coalition for a brutal security company, "Mapogo A Mathamaga Security". "Mapogo" means "vigilantes" or its name is a Zulu word meaning "rogues".

The coalition became infamous for their sheer power and strength in taking over and dominating an area of approximately 70,000 ha (170,000 acres). It is believed the Mapogos killed in excess of 40 lions and cubs in a little over a year. The statistics may be higher given their coverage of such large territories. At its peak, the coalition consisted of six males: the leader Makulu (also spelled as Makhulu), Pretty Boy, Rasta, Dreadlocks, Kinky Tail and Mr. T.

Kruger National Park
Kruger National Park (Afrikaans: [ˈkry.(j)ər]) is a national park in South Africa covering an area of 19,623 km2 (7,576 sq mi) in the provinces of Limpopo and Mpumalanga in the country's northeast. It extends 360 km (220 mi) from north to south and 65 km (40 mi) from east to west. The administrative headquarters are in Skukuza. Areas of the park were first protected by the government of the South African Republic in 1898, and it became South Africa's first national park in 1926. It is part of Kruger to Canyons Biosphere, an area designated as a biosphere reserve.

The founder of Kruger National Park is considered to be President Paul Kruger.

The Kruger National Park is a major tourist attraction. In 2024 close to 2 million people visited the park.
Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh
Sanchi Town is a Nagar panchayat, near Raisen town in Raisen District of the state of Madhya Pradesh, India, it is located 46 km (29 mi) north east of Bhopal, and 10 km (6.2 mi) from Besnagar or Vidisha in the central part of the state of Madhya Pradesh. Known for its "Sanchi Stupas", it is the location of several Buddhist monuments dating from the 3rd century BC to the 12th CE and is one of the important places of Buddhist pilgrimage.

Raisen
Raisen is a town and a municipality in Raisen district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Raisen District.

Raisen takes its name from the massive fort at the top of a hill. The town is located at the foot. The name is probably a corruption of Rajavasini or Rajasayan—the royal residence. The famous places to visit in  Raisen district are Raisen Fort, Dargah, and Sanchi Stupa. Raisen is 45.5 km (28.3 mi) from the state capital Bhopal.
Arendal Airport, Gullknapp
Arendal Airport, Gullknapp (Norwegian: Arendal lufthavn, Gullknapp; ICAO: ENGK) is a general aviation airport situated at Blakstadheia in Froland, Norway. It consists of a single 1,199-meter (3,650 ft) asphalt runway aligned 05/23. The airport is located about 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) from the town center of Arendal.

Plans for an airport in Aust-Agder were first proposed in the 1930s at Løddesøl. The airport operating company was founded in 1984 and construction on the original 500-meter (1,600 ft) runway commenced in 1987 and was completed in 1992. It was paved in 1996, when an operating permission was granted. The runway was extended to 1,120 meters (3650 ft) in 2006 and in 2008 a majority of the shares were bought by Arendals Fossekompani. This spurred work on further expansions in order to compete with Kristiansand Airport, Kjevik. Concession for scheduled services was issued in 2014.

Froland
Froland is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Sørlandet. The administrative center is the village of Blakstad, which along with Osedalen form the main population center of the municipality. Other villages in Froland include Bøylefoss, Bøylestad, Froland, Frolands verk, Heldalsmo, Hinnebu, Hynnekleiv, Jomås, Lauvrak, Libru, Løvjomås, Mjåvatn, Mjølhus, Mykland, and Risdal.

The 645-square-kilometre (249 sq mi) municipality is the 176th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Froland is the 155th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,174. The municipality's population density is 10.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (27/sq mi) and its population has increased by 13.8% over the previous 10-year period.
Phidylé
Phidylé is a mélodie by the French composer Henri Duparc, dedicated to his friend Ernest Chausson. It is a setting of a poem with the same title from Poèmes et poésies (1858) by the French Parnassian poet Leconte de Lisle. Duparc first completed a setting for high male voice and piano (1882), and then orchestrated it (1891-1892). The music, which shows the influence of Wagnerian voice leading and chromaticism, progressively rises from languid tranquillity to the singer's triumphant climax, accompanied by heavy chords and tremolos in the piano, before a solo postlude for the piano which gradually dies to a pianissimo finish. It has been suggested that Phidylé was inspired by Gabriel Fauré's 1870 mélodie Lydia, also a setting of a poem by Leconte de Lisle.

Mélodie
A mélodie (French: [melɔdi] ⓘ) is a form of French art song, arising in the mid-19th century. It is comparable to the German Lied. A chanson, by contrast, is a folk or popular French song.

The literal meaning of the word in the French language is "melody".
Proxorphan
Proxorphan (INN), also known as proxorphan tartate (USAN) (developmental code name BL-5572M), is an opioid analgesic and antitussive drug of the morphinan family that was never marketed. It acts preferentially as a κ-opioid receptor partial agonist and to a lesser extent as a μ-opioid receptor partial agonist.

Cold medicine
Cold medicines are a group of medications taken individually or in combination as a treatment for the symptoms of the common cold and similar conditions of the upper respiratory tract. The term encompasses a broad array of drugs, including analgesics, antihistamines and decongestants, among many others. It also includes drugs which are marketed as cough suppressants or antitussives, but their effectiveness in reducing cough symptoms is unclear or minimal.

While they have been used by 10% of American children in any given week, they are not recommended in Canada or the United States in children six years or younger because of lack of evidence showing effect and concerns of harm.
APEXC
The APE(X)C, or  All Purpose Electronic (X) Computer  series was designed by Andrew Donald Booth and built by Kathleen Booth at Birkbeck College, London in the early 1950s. Their work on the APE(X)C series was sponsored by the British Rayon Research Association. Although the naming conventions are slightly unclear, it seems the first model belonged to the BRRA. According to Booth, the X stood for X-company.

One of the series was also known as the APE(X)C or All Purpose Electronic X-Ray Computer and was sited at Birkbeck.

British Tabulating Machine Company
The British Tabulating Machine Company (BTM) was a firm which manufactured and sold Hollerith unit record equipment and other data-processing equipment. During World War II, BTM constructed some 200 "bombes", machines used at Bletchley Park to break the German Enigma machine ciphers.
Henry Crimmel
Henry Crimmel (February 14, 1844 – October 10, 1917) was an American glassmaker who became well known in Ohio and Indiana.  A German that came with his family to America at the age of eight years, the American Civil War veteran started at the lowest level in glass making, and learned every aspect of the business.  A skilled glassblower known for his glassmaking expertise and the recipient of two patents, he also worked in management in at least three glass factories – and was one of the co-founders of the Novelty Glass Company (of Fostoria) and the reorganized version of Sneath Glass Company.  He retired with over 50 years in the industry.

Secession
Secession (from Latin: sēcessiō, lit. 'a withdrawing') is a term and a concept which is used in reference to the formal withdrawal of a group from a political entity.

In international law, secession is understood as a process in which an integral part of a state's territory unilaterally withdraws without the consent of the original state.

The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession (such as a declaration of independence). A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal is the creation of a new state or entity independent of the group or territory from which it seceded. Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals. There is some academic debate about this definition, and in particular how it relates to separatism.
Jan Kochanowski Park
Jan Kochanowski Park is a green area covering 3,15 ha, located in downtown Bydgoszcz, Poland. It is part of the  "Music district in Bydgoszcz" (Polish: Dzielnica muzyczna w Bydgoszczy) and is named after the Polish renaissance poet, Jan Kochanowski.

Copernicanum
The Copernicanum is a historical building in downtown Bydgoszcz, which had been designed as a scholar building: initially a realschule, it then took the purpose of a city sciences high school and technical railway institutions. Registered on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage List, it is nowadays the location of a junior high school.

In 1923, to celebrate the 450th anniversary of the birth of Nicolaus Copernicus, the newly created junior high school adopted his name, Copernicanum.
Frank T. Tucker
Frank Tyler Tucker (June 11, 1864  – September 1, 1910) was an American politician and lawyer.

Frank Tyler Tucker was born June 11, 1864, in Macon Township, Lenawee County, Michigan. His parents were Dr. E. L. Tucker and Mary Frances Tyler Tucker.

Tucker moved to Omro, Winnebago County, Wisconsin. In 1886, Tucker graduated from the Northern Indiana Normal School and was principal of the schools in Omro and Winneconne, Winnebago County, Wisconsin. Tucker went to the University of Wisconsin Law School and was admitted to the Wisconsin bar. Tucker practiced law in Neillsville, Wisconsin, In 1893 and 1897, Tucker served in the Wisconsin State Assembly from Winnebago County, Wisconsin and was a Republican. Tucker was appointed law examiner in the office of the Wisconsin Attorney General and later was appointed assistant attorney general. Tucker drowned in the Wolf River in Oshkosh, Wisconsin while campaigning in the Republican primary for the office of Wisconsin Attorney General.

Winnebago County, Wisconsin
Winnebago County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 171,730. Its county seat is Oshkosh. It was named for the historic Winnebago people, a federally recognized Native American tribe now known as the Ho-Chunk Nation. Chief Oshkosh was a Menominee leader in the area. Winnebago County comprises the Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Combined Statistical Area.
Tami Katz-Freiman
Tami Katz-Freiman (Hebrew: תמי כץ-פריימן; born 1955), former Chief Curator of the Haifa Museum of Art, is an Israeli-born American art historian, curator and critic, based in Miami, Florida, where she works as an independent curator of contemporary art.

Bass Museum
25°47′51″N 80°07′48″W﻿ / ﻿25.7973966°N 80.1299536°W﻿ / 25.7973966; -80.1299536
The Bass Museum of Art is a contemporary art museum located in Miami Beach, Florida. The Bass Museum of Art was founded in 1963 and opened in 1964.
2012 Delaware House of Representatives election
An election was held on November 6, 2012, to elect all 41 members to Delaware's House of Representatives. The election coincided with the elections for other offices, including for U.S. President, Governor, Lieutenant Governor, U.S. Senate, U.S. House of Representatives, and state senate. The primary election was held on September 11, 2012.

2012 United States Senate election in Delaware
The 2012 United States Senate election in Delaware took place on November 6, 2012, concurrently with the 2012 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the United States Senate and House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Tom Carper won re-election to a third term in a landslide.
Cong Burn
The Cong Burn, also referred to as the Chester Burn, is a small river in County Durham, England. It has its origin in a number of streams, among them Wheatley Green Burn, that rise on the southern and eastern slopes of Wheatley Hill, north of the village of Burnhope, and other streams, principally Whiteside Burn, that have their source on the southern slopes of Wheatley Hill and the northern slopes of Taylor's Hill, just east of Burnhope.

These streams come together in the vicinity of West Edmondsley to form the Cong Burn, which flows in a broadly easterly or northeasterly direction, around the northern flank of Waldridge Fell and the western edge of Chester-le-Street, before flowing through the town to join the River Wear immediately east of the town.

In 1932, the lower reach of the burn, where it passes through the centre of Chester-le-Street, was channelled into a covered concrete culvert, which passes beneath the town's Market Place.

River Wear
The River Wear (/ˈwɪər/ ⓘ, WEER) in Northern England rises in the Pennines and flows eastwards, mostly through County Durham, to the North Sea in the City of Sunderland. At 60 mi (97 km) long, it is one of the region's longest rivers. The Wear wends in a steep valley through the cathedral city of Durham and gives its name to Weardale in its upper reach and Wearside by its mouth.
Mike Lieberthal
Michael Scott Lieberthal (born January 18, 1972) is an American  former Major League Baseball catcher. He batted and threw right-handed.

In a 14-year career, Lieberthal played for the Philadelphia Phillies (1994–2006) and the Los Angeles Dodgers (2007). He compiled a career batting average of .274, with 150 home runs and 610 runs batted in.  During his career he won the Gold Glove Award, and was twice an All Star.

His 1999 season (.300, 31 home runs, 96 RBIs, Gold Glove Award) was arguably the best ever of any Phillies catcher, and Lieberthal caught more games in his career than any other Phillies catcher (1,139).  His career 149 home runs at catcher were the most in team history. Lieberthal had a .310 batting average, a .381 on-base percentage, and .510 slugging percentage lifetime against left-handed pitching.

Lieberthal was inducted into the Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame on August 10, 2012.

Doug Glanville
Douglas Metunwa Glanville (born August 25, 1970) is an American former professional baseball outfielder who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago Cubs, and Texas Rangers. He is also a broadcast color analyst for baseball, currently working with Marquee Sports Network and ESPN, and a contributor to The Athletic.