hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jøssund, Flatanger
Jøssund is a village in Flatanger Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway.  It is situated at the end of the Jøssundfjord, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of the village of Seter in neighboring Osen Municipality and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of the municipal center, Lauvsnes. The population has been declining steadily since World War II, but there is still a shop and cafe in the village.

Seter, Osen
Seter is a village in Osen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located along the Svesfjorden in the northern part of the municipality, although it has no direct road connection to the southern part of the municipality.  The only road connection is to the neighboring Flatanger Municipality to the north.

Seter Chapel is located in the village. The Buholmråsa Lighthouse and Kya Lighthouse are both located to the northwest of the village.
Subrepresentation
In representation theory, a subrepresentation of a representation  of a group G is a representation  such that W is a vector subspace of V and .

A nonzero finite-dimensional representation always contains a nonzero subrepresentation that is irreducible, the fact seen by induction on dimension. This fact is generally false for infinite-dimensional representations.

If  is a representation of G, then there is the trivial subrepresentation:

If  is an equivariant map between two representations, then its kernel is a subrepresentation of  and its image is a subrepresentation of .

Irreducible representation
In mathematics, specifically in the representation theory of groups and algebras, an irreducible representation  or irrep of an algebraic structure  is a nonzero representation that has no proper nontrivial subrepresentation , with  closed under the action of .

Every finite-dimensional unitary representation on a Hilbert space  is the direct sum of irreducible representations. Irreducible representations are always indecomposable (i.e. cannot be decomposed further into a direct sum of representations), but the converse may not hold, e.g. the two-dimensional representation of the real numbers acting by upper triangular unipotent matrices is indecomposable but reducible.
Clitistes
Clitistes is a monotypic genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Dictynidae, containing the single species, Clitistes velutinus. It was first described by Eugène Simon in 1902, and is only found in Chile.

Dictynidae
Dictynidae is a family of cribellate, hackled band-producing spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1871. Most build irregular webs on or near the ground, creating a tangle of silken fibers among several branches or stems of one plant.

Several genera were transferred to the family Argyronetidae in 2025.
Nunal sa Tubig
A Speck in the Water (Filipino: Nunal Sa Tubig) is a 1976 Philippine drama film written by Jorge Arago and directed by Ishmael Bernal. It tells the story of a love triangle in the impoverished village involving Benjamin (George Estregan), a fisherman in Laguna de Bay, and two women in the villageーChedeng (Daria Ramirez), a soon-to-be midwife, and Maria (Elizabeth Oropesa), a beautiful young woman from the barrio.

It won Best Picture at the 1977 Catholic Mass Media Awards. It received seven nominations from the 1977 Gawad Urian including Best Picture, Best Screenplay, Best Cinematography, Best Production Design, and Best Sound. Daria Ramirez was nominated for Best Actress, while Bernal as nominated for Best Direction.

Kantana Group
Kantana Group is a production company established in Bangkok, Thailand in 1951 by Pradit and Somsook Kaljaruek. Kantana took its first step from radio dramas to films, television dramas, variety programs, and eventually moved on to become an integrated entertainment company.
Ahmadabad, Ahvaz
Ahmadabad (Persian: احمداباد, also Romanized as Aḩmadābād) is a village in Esmailiyeh Rural District, in the Central District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 50, in 11 families.

Esmailiyeh-ye Shomali Rural District
Esmailiyeh-ye Shomali Rural District (Persian: دهستان اسماعیلیه شمالی) is in Esmailiyeh District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Khobeyneh-ye Sofla. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Safheh-ye Yek.
Florentia (Roman city)
Florentia (Classical Latin pronunciation: [fɫoːˈrɛnti.a]) was a Roman city in the Arno valley from which Florence originated. According to tradition, it was built by the legions of Gaius Julius Caesar in 59 BC; however, the prevailing hypothesis dates the foundation of the city to the Augustan period (between 30 and 15 BC).

Decumanus
In Roman urban planning, a decumanus was an east–west-oriented road in a Roman city or castrum (military camp). The main decumanus of a particular city was the decumanus maximus, or most often simply "the decumanus". In the rectangular street grid of the typical Roman city plan, the decumanus was crossed by the perpendicular cardo, a north–south street.

In a military camp, the decumanus connected the Porta Praetoria (closest to the enemy) to the Porta Decumana (away from the enemy).

In the center – called groma – of a city or castrum, the decumanus maximus crossed the perpendicular cardo maximus, the primary north–south road. The forum was normally located close to this intersection.
Rybka Lututowska
Rybka Lututowska [ˈrɨpka lutuˈtɔfska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Galewice, within Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north-east of Galewice, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Wieruszów, and 91 km (57 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Galewice
Galewice [ɡalɛˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in central Poland in Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, established in the 15th century. It was first mentioned in 1458 in Judicial Chronicles. The origin of the name Galewice is ambiguous. It either comes from a word Gal, which means 'to serve' or it belonged to the first owners of the village, an aristocratic family of Galewski (coat of arms Wierusz). It is the seat of the administrative district of Gmina Galewice. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) north-east of Wieruszów and 97 km (60 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
Wu Commandery
Wu Commandery was a commandery of imperial China. It covers parts of the contemporary Northern Zhejiang and Southern Jiangsu. The capital of Wu commandery was Wu (today's Suzhou). Major counties of Wu commandery include Wu (county), Yuhang county, and Huating county which later became known as Suzhou, Hangzhou and Shanghai.

Records of the Three Kingdoms
The Records of the Three Kingdoms is a Chinese official history written by Chen Shou in the late 3rd century CE, covering the end of the Han dynasty (c. 184 – 220 CE) and the subsequent Three Kingdoms period (220–280 CE). It is regarded as to be the authoritative source text for these periods. Compiled following the reunification of China under the Jin dynasty (266–420), the work chronicles the political, social, and military events within rival states Cao Wei, Shu Han and Eastern Wu into a single text organized by individual biography.

The Records are the primary source of information for the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, considered to be one of the four classic novels emblematic of written vernacular Chinese.

While large subsections of the work have been selected and translated into English, the entire corpus has yet to receive an unabridged English translation.
FamilyTreeDNA
FamilyTreeDNA is a division of Gene by Gene, a commercial genetic testing company based in Houston, Texas.  FamilyTreeDNA offers analysis of autosomal DNA, Y-DNA, and mitochondrial DNA to individuals for genealogical purpose. With a database of more than two million records, it is the most popular company worldwide for Y-DNA and mitochondrial DNA, and the fourth most popular for autosomal DNA. In Europe, it is the most common also for autosomal DNA. FamilyTreeDNA as a division of Gene by Gene were acquired by MYDNA, Inc., an Australian company, in January 2021.

Hypervariable region
A hypervariable region (HVR) is a location within a sequence where polymorphisms frequently occur. It is used in two contexts:

In the case of nucleic acids, an HVR is where base pairs frequently change. This can be due to a change in the number of repeats (which is seen in eukaryotic nuclear DNA) or simply low selective pressure allowing a great number of substitutions and indels (as in the case of mitochondrial DNA D-loop and 16S rRNA).

In the case of antibodies, an HVR is where most of the differences among antibodies occur. This region is also called the complementarity-determining region.

Because there already is a separate article for the antibody region, this article will focus on the nucleic acid case.
The Ideal Copy
The Ideal Copy is the fourth studio album by the English rock group Wire, released in April 1987 by Mute Records. It was the first full-length recording following the band's hiatus of 1980–1985  (The band had also recorded and released the Snakedrill EP in 1986 after reuniting). The Ideal Copy peaked at number 87 in the UK albums chart.

Bruce Gilbert
Bruce Clifford Gilbert (born 18 May 1946) is an English musician. One of the founding members of the influential and experimental art punk band Wire, he branched out into electronic music, performance art, music production, and DJing during the band's extended periods of inactivity. He left Wire in 2004, and has since been focusing on solo work and collaborations with visual artists and fellow experimental musicians.
Umanatha Kotian
Umanatha Kotian is a Bharatiya Janata Party political activist and member of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly from the Moodabidri constituency.

He was re-elected from Moodabidri Constituency in the May 2023 state election.

15th Karnataka Assembly
The 15th Karnataka Legislative Assembly was constituted after the Karnataka Legislative Assembly elections in 2018. Polling was held on 12 May for 222 constituencies out of the 224-member assembly, with counting of votes and results declared on 15 May. The term of the assembly is for five years.
Red Bank Stakes
The Red Bank Stakes is a Listed Stakes American Thoroughbred horse race for horses age three and older contested at a distance of one mile (8 furlongs) on turf held annually at Monmouth Park Racetrack in Oceanport, New Jersey.

Monmouth Park Racetrack
Monmouth Park Racetrack is an American race track for thoroughbred horse racing in Oceanport, New Jersey, United States. It is owned by the New Jersey Sports and Exposition Authority and is operated under a five-year lease as a partnership with Darby Development, LLC.

Monmouth Park's marquee event is the Haskell Invitational, named after Amory L. Haskell. The Haskell was first run in 1968 as a handicap, but was made into an Invitational Handicap in 1981. It is now a 1+1⁄8 mi (1.8 km) test for three-year-olds run in late July. Monmouth Park also now showcases the Jersey Derby originally run at Garden State Park until its closure in 2001. The racetrack's season spans from early May to Labor Day in early September.
Trisyllabic laxing
Trisyllabic laxing, or trisyllabic shortening, is any of three processes in English in which tense vowels (long vowels or diphthongs) become lax (short monophthongs) if they are followed by two or more syllables, at least the first of which is unstressed, for example, grateful vs gratitude, profound vs profundity.

By a different process, laxing is also found in disyllabic and monosyllabic words, for example, shade vs shadow, lose vs lost.

The Sound Pattern of English
The Sound Pattern of English (frequently referred to as SPE) is a 1968 work on phonology by Noam Chomsky and Morris Halle. In spite of its title, it presents not only a view of the phonology of English, but also discussions of a large variety of phonological phenomena of many other languages. The index lists about 100 such languages. It has been very influential in both the field of phonology and the analysis of the English language. Chomsky and Halle present a view of phonology as a linguistic subsystem, separate from other components of the grammar, that transforms an underlying phonemic sequence according to rules and produces as its output the phonetic form that is uttered by a speaker. The theory fits with the rest of Chomsky's early theories of language in the sense that it is transformational; as such it serves as a landmark in Chomsky's theories by adding a clearly articulated theory of phonology to his previous work which focused on syntax.
German orthography
German orthography is the orthography used in writing the German language, which is largely phonemic. However, it shows many instances of spellings that are historic or analogous to other spellings rather than phonemic. The pronunciation of almost every word can be derived from its spelling once the spelling rules are known, but the opposite is not generally the case.

Today, Standard High German orthography is regulated by the Rat für deutsche Rechtschreibung (Council for German Orthography), composed of representatives from most German-speaking countries.

Silent letter
In an alphabetic writing system, a silent letter is a letter that, in a particular word, does not correspond to any sound in the word's pronunciation. In linguistics, a silent letter is often symbolised with a null sign U+2205 ∅ EMPTY SET, which resembles the Scandinavian letter Ø. A null or zero is an unpronounced or unwritten segment.
Arabs in Switzerland
Arabs in Switzerland  (Arabic: عرب سويسرا) are Swiss citizens or residents of Arab ethnic, cultural or linguistic heritage from Arab countries, particularly North Africa, Levant, and Iraq, also small groups from Palestine, Yemen, and Sudan, who emigrated from their native nations and currently reside in Switzerland.

Romandy
Romandy is the French-speaking historical and cultural region of Switzerland. In 2020, about 2 million people, or 22.8% of the Swiss population, lived in Romandy. The majority of the romand population lives in the western part of the country, especially the Arc Lémanique region along Lake Geneva, connecting Geneva, Vaud, and the Lower Valais.

French is the sole official language in four Swiss cantons: Geneva, Vaud, Neuchâtel, and Jura. Additionally, French and German have co-official status in three cantons: Fribourg/Freiburg, Valais/Wallis, and Berne/Bern.
120th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 120th Infantry Regiment ("Third North Carolina") is an infantry regiment of the United States Army National Guard.

The unit is an organic element of the 30th Heavy Brigade Combat Team of the North Carolina Army National Guard. Currently, 1st Battalion is the only active battalion in the regiment and is organized as a combined arms battalion under the Brigade Unit of Action table of organization and equipment. The 1st Battalion, 120th Infantry Regiment (1-120th IN) is headquartered in Wilmington, North Carolina.

The 2nd Battalion, 120th Infantry Regiment was most famous for its actions in the Battle of Mortain (German: Operation Lüttich), repelling a German advance and preserving an American breakout from 7–13 August 1944 as part of the 30th Infantry Division. The 2-120th's actions sustained the American initiative as Allied forces pushed through Northern France after the Normandy invasion.

Burlington, North Carolina
Burlington is a city in Alamance and Guilford counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is the principal city of the Burlington, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Alamance County, in which most of the city is located, and is a part of the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC Combined Statistical Area. The population was 57,303 at the 2020 census, which makes Burlington the 18th-most populous city in North Carolina.
Robbie Kruse
Robbie Thomas Kruse (/ˈkruːs/ KROOSS; German: [ˈkʁuːzə]; born 5 October 1988) is an Australian former professional footballer who played as a forward. He played his junior football with Pine Rivers Soccer Club in the Pine Rivers district to the near north of Brisbane and began his professional career with A-League side Brisbane Roar and later Melbourne Victory before moving to Germany in 2011.

PFA Footballer of the Year Awards
The PFA Footballer of the Year Awards (or the Professional Football Association Footballer of the Year Awards) is an annual award ceremony created to formally recognise the most outstanding Australian soccer players playing abroad or in the A-League, as well as foreign players playing in the A-League. The inaugural ceremony took place on 11 June 2009 in Sydney.
Fuel gas
Fuel gas is one of a number of fuels that under ordinary conditions are gaseous. Most fuel gases are composed of hydrocarbons (such as methane and propane), hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or mixtures thereof. Such gases are sources of energy that can be readily transmitted and distributed through pipes.

Fuel gas is contrasted with liquid fuels and solid fuels, although some fuel gases are liquefied for storage or transport (for example, autogas and liquified petroleum gas). While their gaseous nature has advantages, avoiding the difficulty of transporting solid fuel and the dangers of spillage inherent in liquid fuels, it also has limitations. It is possible for a fuel gas to be undetected and cause a gas explosion. For this reason, odorizers are added to most fuel gases. The most common type of fuel gas in current use is natural gas.

Liquefaction of gases
Liquefaction of gases is physical conversion of a gas into a liquid state (condensation). The liquefaction of gases is a complicated process that uses various compressions and expansions to achieve high pressures and very low temperatures, using, for example, turboexpanders.
Bonanza (Panda album)
Bonanza is the sixth studio album by Mexican rock band Panda, released on 16 March 2012, through Movic and EMI Records. The album's name is an irony towards its songs' melancholy lyrics and frontman Jose Madero's desire to wrote them in a dramatic sense.

It was certified gold after selling over 30,000 copies in Mexico. The album turned to a "garage band" sound, following a leaning to their original pop punk sound they kickstarted in their first two albums, Arroz Con Leche and La Revancha Del Príncipe Charro, while maintaining an alternative rock presence on the entire record.

La Revancha Del Príncipe Charro
La Revancha Del Príncipe Charro is the second studio album by Mexican rock band Panda, released on 11 February 2002 through Movic Records.

The band found moderate mainstream success, and was later certified platinum in Mexico with reportedly over 100,000 sales. Continuing with the lovelace, immature and humorous pop punk sound and lyrical content explored in their debut album, they implemented keyboard and synthesizer effects to their predominant skate punk tone.
Canton Citizens
The Canton Citizens were a minor league baseball team based in Canton, Illinois, United States. In 1952, the franchise was relocated from Vincennes, Indiana, during the season. The Canton Citizens played as members of the Class D level Mississippi–Ohio Valley League, predecessor to the Midwest League. The Citizens franchise then was disbanded after completing the 1952 season. Canton hosted 1952 minor league home games at Athletic Park.

Canton, Illinois
Canton is the largest city in Fulton County, Illinois, United States. The population was 13,242 at the 2020 census, down from 14,704 at the 2010 census. The Canton Micropolitan Statistical Area covers all of Fulton County; it is in turn, part of the wider Peoria–Canton, Illinois Combined Statistical Area (CSA).
Nidzica
Nidzica (Polish: [ɲiˈd͡ʑit͡sa]; formerly Nibork; German: Neidenburg [ˈnaɪdn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ; Prussian: Nīdaspils) is a town in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in north-central Poland, lying between Olsztyn and Mława, in Masuria. The capital of Nidzica County, its population in 2017 was 13,872.

Nidzica is a member of Cittaslow.

Cittaslow
Cittaslow is an organisation founded in Italy and inspired by the slow food movement. Cittaslow's goals include improving the quality of life in towns by slowing down its overall pace, especially in a city's use of spaces and the flow of life and traffic through them.

As of November 2025, Cittaslow has 308 members, 221 in Europe, 71 in Asia, 6 in North America, 4 in South America, 4 in Oceania, and 2 in Africa. Countries with most members are Italy (90), Poland (37), Turkey (28), Germany (24), China (18), South Korea (15), France (13) and Spain (11).
Scooby-Doo! and Kiss: Rock and Roll Mystery
Scooby-Doo! and Kiss: Rock and Roll Mystery is a 2015 direct-to-DVD animated crossover comedy mystery film, and the twenty-fifth entry in the direct-to-video series of Scooby-Doo films. It was released digitally on July 10, 2015, and was released on DVD and Blu-ray on July 21, 2015. The design of the film is inspired by Jack Kirby's comics.

This is the last Scooby-Doo! production featuring Mindy Cohn as Velma Dinkley before Kate Micucci took over that same year. It is also Pauley Perrette's last film appearance before her retirement from acting in 2020.

Fred Jones (Scooby-Doo)
Fred Jones is a fictional cartoon character in the American animated series Scooby-Doo, leader of a quartet of teenage mystery solvers and their Great Dane companion, Scooby-Doo. Fred has been primarily voiced by Frank Welker since the character's inception in 1969.
Anarky (comic book)
Anarky was an American comic book series published by DC Comics, as a limited series  between May and August of 1997, and as an ongoing series between May and December of 1999. It was written by Alan Grant, with pencils by Norm Breyfogle, and inks by Josef Rubinstein. The comic was a spin-off title derived from the Batman franchise, and followed the adventures of Anarky, an antagonist of the Batman character.

Although Anarky had originally been created to reflect the philosophy of anarchism, the primary influence on both volumes was Neo-Tech, a philosophy developed by Frank R. Wallace. The comic was overtly political in nature, exploring a number of themes including antimilitarism, homelessness, and political corruption.

Batman: Cataclysm
Cataclysm is an 18-chapter DC Comics crossover story arc that ran through the various Batman family comics from March to May 1998. The plot of the storyline centers on Gotham City being hit by a massive earthquake, the epicenter of which is less than a mile from Wayne Manor. In the wake of the destruction, Batman and his allies join the frantic rescue efforts around the devastated city, which soon spirals into chaos. This story arc was a catalyst for the Batman comics and its spin-off titles, signaling the beginning of nearly two years of storylines that arose from the earthquake's aftermath, culminating in the year-long Batman: No Man's Land saga. Cataclysm itself takes place a short time after the events of Batman: Contagion and Batman: Legacy, two previous crises which also nearly resulted in Gotham City's destruction.