hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 Canadian federal budget
The 2024 Canadian federal budget for the fiscal years of 2024–25, known as Budget 2024, was presented to the House of Commons by Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland on 16 April 2024. The budget's slogan is "Fairness for every generation", suggesting the government planned to help younger people. This budget was the final budget presented under the premiership of Justin Trudeau and the 29th Canadian Ministry, with Trudeau and the 29th Ministry being succeeded by Mark Carney as prime minister and the 30th Canadian Ministry, respectively, on March 14, 2025.

Premiership of Justin Trudeau
The premiership of Justin Trudeau began on November 4, 2015, when the first Cabinet headed by Justin Trudeau was sworn in by Governor General David Johnston. Trudeau was invited to form the 29th Canadian Ministry and become Prime Minister of Canada following the 2015 federal election, where Trudeau led his Liberal Party to win a majority of seats in the House of Commons of Canada, defeating the Conservative majority government of Prime Minister Stephen Harper. Trudeau's Liberals were reduced to minority governments in the federal elections of 2019 and 2021, with his party losing the national popular vote twice.

On March 14, 2025, Trudeau resigned as prime minister, being succeeded by Mark Carney.
Svarozhits
Svarozhits (Latin: Zuarasiz, Zuarasici, Old East Slavic: Сварожиць, Russian: Сваро́жич, Сваро́жиц), Svarozhich (Old East Slavic: Сварожичь, Russian: Сварожич) is a Slavic god of fire, son of Svarog. One of the few Pan-Slavic gods, he is most likely identical with Radegast or its regional variant; it is also but much less often identified with Dazhbog.

Aleksander Brückner
Aleksander Brückner (Polish pronunciation: [alɛkˈsandɛr ˈbryknɛr]; 29 January 1856 – 24 May 1939) was a Polish scholar of Slavic languages and literature (Slavistics), philologist, lexicographer, and historian of literature. He is among the most notable Slavicists of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and the first to prepare complete monographs on the history of the Polish language and culture. He published more than 1,500 titles and discovered the oldest extant prose text in Polish (the Holy Cross Sermons).
Radhanagore
Radhanagore (also spelled Radhanagar) is a village in Khanakul I CD block of Arambagh subdivision in the Hooghly District of West Bengal, India. It is the birthplace of Ram Mohan Roy. Located near Khanakul, it is approachable from Tarakeswar or Arambag. Mundeswari river flows nearby.

The Raja's ancestral home and ruins of the house he built at the Langulpara cremation ground are still there. A college has been established in his name in Khanakul.

Kamarpukur, also in Hooghly District, birthplace of Sri Ramkrishna and Birsingha was in Hooghly District but currently in Paschim Medinipur, birthplace of Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar are near Radhanagore.

Kamarpukur
Kamarpukur is a village in the Goghat II CD block in the Arambag subdivision of the Hooghly District in West Bengal state of India. It is the birthplace of Sri Ramakrishna. It is the block headquarters of the Goghat –II community development block.
Hifumi Shimoyama
Hifumi Shimoyama (Japanese: 下山 一二三 Shimoyama Hifumi; born 21 June 1930 in Hirosaki, Aomori Prefecture) is a Japanese composer of contemporary concert music.

Since the 1960s, Shimoyama's music has been regularly featured on World Music Days festivals across Europe and Asia, and sponsored by the International Society for Contemporary Music (ISCM). Shimoyama is the founder of GROUP 20.5, the internationally recognized group of Japanese avant garde composers.

Koto (instrument)
The koto (箏 or 琴) is a Japanese plucked half-tube zither instrument, and the national instrument of Japan. It is derived from the Chinese zheng and se, and similar to the Mongolian yatga, the Korean gayageum and ajaeng, the Vietnamese đàn tranh, the Sundanese kacapi and the Kazakh jetigen. Koto are roughly 180 centimetres (6 ft) in length, and made from Paulownia wood (Paulownia tomentosa, known as kiri). The most common type uses 13 strings strung over movable bridges used for tuning, different pieces possibly requiring different tuning. Seventeen-string koto are also common, and act as bass in ensembles. Koto strings are generally plucked using three fingerpicks (tsume), worn on the first three fingers of the right hand.
33rd Golden Melody Awards
The 33rd Golden Melody Awards (Chinese: 第33屆金曲獎) took place in Kaohsiung Arena, Kaohsiung, Taiwan in 2022, which marked its return at Kaohsiung City since the 16th edition. The award ceremony for the popular music categories was hosted by Daniel Lo and broadcast on TTV on 2 July 2022.

Tanya Chua received the most nominations with eight and won three major awards for Best Female Mandarin Singer, Best Mandarin Album and Album of the Year. She is the first singer to ever win Best Mandarin Album and Album of the Year at the same time, after the award was reintroduced in the 28th Golden Melody Awards. Chua is now the holder of "Most Wins for a Performer" in the Best Female Mandarin Singer category.

Golden Melody Award for Album of the Year
The Golden Melody Award for Album of the Year (Chinese: 金曲獎年度專輯獎) is presented by the Ministry of Culture of Taiwan to honor quality vocal or instrumental recording albums in the pop music genre. The honor was first presented in the 2nd Golden Melody Awards. The award was discontinued in 2005 and was separated into Best Mandarin Album, Best Taiwanese Album, Best Hakka Album, and Best Aboriginal Album. In 2017, the award was revived and albums in different languages are eligible for this award. Particular awards for Best Mandarin Album, Best Taiwanese Album, Best Hakka Album, and Best Aboriginal Album remained.
Industry in Belarus
Industry plays an important role in the economy of Belarus. In 2020, industry accounted for 25.5% of Belarusian GDP. Share of manufacturing (excluding mining, energy and water supply) in Belarusian GDP was 21.3% in 2019. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe described Belarus as having "a well-developed industrial sector and highly skilled workforce". In 2020, 23.5% of the Belarusian workforce was employed in industry. In 2019, total industrial production amounted to 115.7 billion Belarusian rubles (c. US$54 billion); in 2020, it rose to Br 116.5 billion (c. US$44–54 billion). Belarusian industry is export-oriented: in 2020, 61.2% of industrial output was exported. The most important sector is food industry (29.9% share in total manufacturing output). Other well-developed sectors of industry include chemical industry (oil refining, petrochemistry, manufacturing of fertilizers and other chemical goods), automotive industry and manufacturing of other machinery equipment.

Minsk Automobile Plant
Minsk Automobile Plant (shortened MAZ) (Belarusian: Адкрытaе Акцыянэрнaе Таварыства «Мінскі аўтамабільны завод», romanized: Adkrytaje Akcyjanernaje Tavarystva "Minski aŭtamabiĺny zavod", Russian: Минский автомобильный завод, romanized: Minskiy Avtomobilnyy Zavod) is a state-run automotive manufacturer association in Belarus, one of the largest in Eastern Europe.
Punk Goes Pop Vol. 7
Punk Goes Pop Vol. 7 is the eighteenth compilation album in the Punk Goes... series by Fearless Records and the seventh installment in the Punk Goes Pop franchise. The album contains mainstream pop songs covered by thirteen bands from the pop punk, post-hardcore, metalcore, and alternative rock scenes. It was released via Fearless on July 14, 2017.

Punk Goes Pop
Punk Goes Pop is the second album in the Punk Goes... series and the first installment in the long running Punk Goes Pop series created by Fearless Records. It contains a collection of songs by various artists performing covers of pop songs. It was released on April 2, 2002. Its success caused Fearless to release more pop cover albums. As of 2017 there have been seven total Punk Goes Pop albums, more than any other in the franchise.
Wólka Pytowska
Wólka Pytowska [ˈvulka pɨˈtɔfska] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kodrąb, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north of Kodrąb, 14 km (9 mi) east of Radomsko, and 76 km (47 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Kodrąb, Łódź Voivodeship
Kodrąb [ˈkɔdrɔmp] is a village in Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Kodrąb. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) east of Radomsko and 77 km (48 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
Operation Pershing
Operation Pershing was an operation conducted by the 1st Cavalry Division, the 3rd Brigade, 25th Infantry Division, the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) 22nd Division and the South Korean Capital Division in Bình Định Province, lasting from 12 February 1967 to 19 January 1968.: 181

The operation concluded on 19 January 1968 with the 1st Cavalry Division being ordered to move 350 km north from Landing Zone English in Bình Định Province to Camp Evans in Thừa Thiên Province as part of Operation Checkers, to increase the number of maneuver battalions in I Corps in order to support the besieged Marines at Khe Sanh Combat Base and defeat any other People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) attack across the DMZ.

9th Cavalry Regiment (United States)
The 9th Cavalry Regiment is a parent cavalry regiment of the United States Army. Historically, it was one of the Army's four segregated African-American regiments and was part of what was known as the Buffalo Soldiers. The regiment saw combat during the Indian and Spanish–American Wars. During Westward Expansion, the regiment provided escort for the early western settlers and maintained peace on the American frontier.

As of 2019, the 1st Battalion and 4th Squadron serve with the 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division as a combined arms battalion and an armored reconnaissance squadron, while the 6th Squadron is the armored reconnaissance squadron of the 3rd Brigade Combat Team of the division. All three units are stationed at Fort Hood.
Air quotes
Air quotes, also called finger quotes, are virtual quotation marks formed in the air with one's fingers when speaking. The gesture is typically done with both hands held shoulder-width apart and at the eye or shoulders level of the speaker, with the index and middle fingers on each hand flexing at the beginning and end of the phrase being quoted. The air-quoted phrase is, in the most common usage, a few words. Air quotes are often used to express satire, sarcasm, irony or euphemism and are analogous to scare quotes in print.

Sarcasm
Sarcasm is the caustic use of words, often in a humorous way, to mock someone or something. Sarcasm may employ ambivalence, and is also commonly associated with, though it does not necessarily contain, irony. Most noticeable in speech, sarcasm is mainly distinguished by the inflection with which it is spoken or, with an undercurrent of irony, by the extreme disproportion of the comment to the situation, and is largely context-dependent.
Neil Robinson (motorcyclist)
Neil Robinson (29 July 1962 – 13 September 1986) was a motorcycle circuit and road racer from Ballymena, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Robinson died aged 24 during a practice session at Oliver's Mount racing circuit, Scarborough.

Formula TT
The Formula TT was a racing class for motorcycles from 1977 to 1990 as the official World Cup under the umbrella of International Motorcycling Federation. It was in three engine capacity classes, and was divided into both two and four-stroke engines.
The Mystery of the Ivory Charm
Children's literature portal

Novels portal

The Mystery of the Ivory Charm is the thirteenth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1936 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Mildred Wirt Benson.

As agreed in 1993, an acknowledgement was made to Mildred Wirt Benson in the 2002 printing which reads as follows:

"Acknowledgement is made to Mildred Wirt Benson, who under the pen name Carolyn Keene, wrote the original NANCY DREW books."

Nancy Drew Mystery Stories
The Nancy Drew Mystery Stories is the long-running 'main' series of the Nancy Drew franchise, which was published under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. There are 175 novels and 34 revised stories that were published between 1930 and 2003 under the banner. Grosset & Dunlap published the first 56, and 34 revised stories, while Simon & Schuster published the series beginning with volume 57.

A spinoff, the Nancy Drew Files, ran concurrently from 1986 to 1997. In 2003, Simon & Schuster announced that Nancy Drew Mystery Stories would end and be replaced by a new, more contemporary series titled Nancy Drew: Girl Detective. Launched in 2004, the series ended in 2012. The Nancy Drew Diaries was launched in its place in 2013.
Qiyin lüe
The Qiyin lüe (Chinese: 七音略; pinyin: Qīyīn lüè; Wade–Giles: Chi-yin lüeh; lit. 'Seven Sounds Summary') is a Chinese rime table, which dates to before 1161. This reference work survived to the present largely because the Song dynasty historian Zheng Qiao (鄭樵/郑樵; Cheng Ch'iao; 1104–1162) included it in his 1161 encyclopedia Tongzhi.

The Chinese linguist Luo Changpei wrote a definitive study (1935) of the Qiyin lüe.
The structure and contents of the work is closely related to the Yunjing, and the two are believed to derive from a common source prior to the Song dynasty.
Both have tables combining rows for a particular final rime, columns for various initials, and up to four tones.

Tongzhi (encyclopedia)
The Tongzhi ('Comprehensive records') is a Chinese general knowledge encyclopedia completed in 1161 by Zheng Qiao (鄭樵), a scholar during the Song dynasty. The work contains 200 chapters on diverse topics.
Desert of Wales
The Desert of Wales, or Green Desert of Wales, is an archaic term for an area in central Wales, so called for its lack of roads and towns, and its inaccessibility. The term was coined by English travel writers in the nineteenth century and has no equivalent in the Welsh language. The area corresponds roughly to the upland area called Elenydd in Welsh.

Elan Valley
The Elan Valley (Welsh: Cwm Elan) is a river valley situated to the west of Rhayader, in Powys, Wales, sometimes known as the "Welsh Lake District". It covers 70 square miles (180 km2) of lake and countryside.

The valley contains the Elan Valley Reservoirs and Elan Village, designed by architect Herbert Tudor Buckland as part of the same scheme. Elan Village is the only purpose-built Arts and Crafts "Model Village" in Wales.

The area is known for its scenery, and over 80% of the valley is designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest. A cycle trail, the Elan Valley Trail, makes a loop from Rhayader around the reservoirs. Part of the cycle trail overlaps with a spur of National Cycle Route 81 (Lon Cambria).

As of 2015 it is an International Dark Sky Park.
Andrea Armani
Andrea Martin Armani is Sr Director of Engineering and Physical Sciences at the Ellison Institute of Technology, the Ray Irani Chair in Engineering and Materials Science, and a professor of chemical engineering and materials science at the USC Viterbi School of Engineering. She was awarded the 2010 Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers from Barack Obama and is a World Economic Forum Young Global Leader.

Over the course of her career, Armani has made significant contributions to a wide range of fields, including surface chemistry, nonlinear materials, and linear and nonlinear integrated optical devices. Her findings have applications in everything from diagnostics to telecommunications. Her research group is highly interdisciplinary, working from the fundamentals of material discovery and optics to exploring the clinical and quantum applications.

SPIE
SPIE (formerly the Society of Photographic Instrumentation Engineers, later the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers) is an international not-for-profit professional society for optics and photonics technology, founded in 1955. It organizes technical conferences, trade exhibitions, and continuing education programs for researchers and developers in the light-based fields of physics, including: optics, photonics, and imaging engineering.  The society publishes peer-reviewed scientific journals, conference proceedings, monographs, tutorial texts, field guides, and reference volumes in print and online. SPIE is especially well-known for Photonics West, one of the laser and photonics industry's largest combined conferences and tradeshows which is held annually in San Francisco.  SPIE also participates as partners in leading educational initiatives, and in 2020, for example, provided more than $5.8 million in support of optics education and outreach programs around the world.
Sartan, Iran
Sartan (Persian: سرطان, also Romanized as Sarţān; also known as Sartang) is a village in Mangur-e Sharqi Rural District, Khalifan District, Mahabad County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 250, in 51 families.

Mangur-e Sharqi Rural District
Mangur-e Sharqi Rural District (Persian: دهستان منگور شرقی) is in Khalifan District of Mahabad County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Abdollah Kordeh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Hamzehabad.
Mirza Huseyn Hasanzade
Mirza Huseyn Hasanzade (Azerbaijani: Mirzə Hüseyn Həsənzadə; 1869–1947/1948), also known as Mirza Huseyn Iravani, was an Azerbaijani teacher and member of the Constituent Assembly of Georgia (formerly the National Council of Georgia).

Azerbaijanis in Georgia
Azerbaijanis in Georgia or Georgian Azerbaijanis (Azerbaijani: Gürcüstan azərbaycanlıları, Georgian: ქართველი აზერბაიჯანელები) are Georgian citizens of an ethnic Azerbaijani background. According to the 2014 census, there are 233,024 ethnic Azerbaijanis living in Georgia.

Azerbaijanis comprise 6.5% of Georgia's population and are the country's largest ethnic minority, inhabiting mostly rural areas like Kvemo Kartli, Kakheti, Shida Kartli and Mtskheta-Mtianeti. There is also a historical Azerbaijani community in the capital city of Tbilisi (previously known as Tiflis), and smaller communities in other regions. There were some tensions in the late 1980s in the Azerbaijani-populated regions of Georgia; however, they never escalated to armed clashes.
Surrey Trophy
The Surrey Trophy is an annual rugby union knock-out club competition organized by the Surrey Rugby Football Union.  It was introduced in 2009 and the inaugural winners were London Irish Wild Geese.  It is the second most important rugby union cup competition in Surrey, behind the Surrey Cup but ahead of the Surrey Shield and Surrey Bowl.

The Surrey Trophy is currently open to  club sides based in Surrey and parts of south London, that play in tier 6 (London 1 South), tier 7 (London 2 South West) and tier 8 (London 3 South West) of the English rugby union league system.  The current format is a knockout cup with a quarter-final, semi-finals and a final to be held at Molesey Road (Esher's home ground) in May on the same date and same venue as the other Surrey finals.

London 2 South West
London 2 South West is an English level 7 Rugby Union League.  When this division began in 1987 it was known as London 3 South West, changing to its current name ahead of the 2009–10 season.  The division is made up of teams predominantly from south-west London, Surrey, and Hampshire. The 12 teams play home and away matches from September through to April.  Each year all clubs in the division are also invited to take part in the RFU Intermediate Cup - a level 7 national competition.

Promoted teams move up to London 1 South with league champions going up automatically and the runners up playing a playoff against the runners up from London 2 South East while demoted teams usually drop down to London 3 South West.
Single-entry single-exit
Single-Entry Single-Exit (SESE) regions are a fundamental concept in structured programming and control-flow analysis. A SESE region is a portion of a program with exactly one entry point and one exit point, enabling modular reasoning, formal verification, and compiler optimization. Although the term SESE was popularized in the late 1980s, the underlying ideas date back to the origins of structured programming and the development of flow-graph theory in the 1970s.

Program dependence graph
A Program Dependence Graph (PDG) is a directed graph of a program's control and data dependencies. Nodes represent program statements and edges represent dependencies between these statements.

PDGs are used in optimization, debugging, and understanding program behavior. One example of this is their utilization by compilers during dependence analysis, enabling the optimizing compiler to make transformations to allow for parallelism.
Levi March
Levi March (1841 – May 7, 1933) was a politician and magistrate in Newfoundland. He represented Trinity in the Newfoundland House of Assembly in 1897 as a Conservative.

March worked in the family business established by Stephen March. He was elected to the assembly in 1897 but resigned after being named stipendiary magistrate for the Bay of Islands. March retired from that post in 1919. He died at Curling in 1933.

Stephen March
Stephen March (died June 2, 1880) was a merchant and politician in Newfoundland. He served in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1852 to 1869.

The son of William March, he was born in Old Perlican and went into business there as a supplier to the local fishery. March was opposed to confederation with Canada and he was defeated as an anti-Confederate candidate in 1869. He retired to Torquay, England, where he died in 1880.

The business that he established, S. March & Sons, continued under the ownership of his sons Stephen and Nathaniel.

In 1854, he published The present condition of Newfoundland : with suggestions for improving its industrial and commercial resources.
Class act (performance)
A class act is a performance, personal trait or behavior that is distinctive and of high quality.  As a noun phrase, it is typically used to refer to a single person, a team (such as performing artists working together) or an organization.

Stereotype
In social psychology, a stereotype is a generalized belief about a particular category of people. It is an expectation that people might have about every person of a particular group. The type of expectation can vary; it can be, for example, an expectation about the group's personality, preferences, appearance or ability. Stereotypes make information processing easier by allowing the perceiver to rely on previously stored knowledge in place of incoming information. Stereotypes are often faulty, inaccurate, and resistant to new information. Although stereotypes generally have negative implications, they are not necessarily so; they may be positive, neutral, or negative. They can be broken down into two categories: explicit stereotypes, which are conscious, and implicit stereotypes, which are subconscious.