hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eugen Bleuler
Paul Eugen Bleuler (/ˈblɔɪlər/ BLOY-lər; Swiss Standard German: [ˈɔʏɡeːn ˈblɔʏlər, ˈɔʏɡn̩]; 30 April 1857 – 15 July 1939) was a Swiss psychiatrist and eugenicist most notable for his influence on modern concepts of mental illness. He coined several psychiatric terms including "schizophrenia", "schizoid", "autism", depth psychology and what Sigmund Freud called "Bleuler's happily chosen term ambivalence". Bleuler remains a controversial figure in psychiatric history for his racist and ableist beliefs, as well as his implementation of eugenic practises in psychiatry based on these beliefs, most notably at the Burghölzli clinic in Zurich.

Hippocratic Oath
The Hippocratic Oath is an oath of ethics historically taken by physicians. It is one of the most widely known of Greek medical texts. In its original form, it requires a new physician to swear, by a number of healing gods, to uphold specific ethical standards. The oath is the earliest expression of medical ethics in the Western world, establishing several principles of medical ethics which remain of paramount significance today. These include the principles of medical confidentiality and non-maleficence. As the foundational expression of certain principles that continue to guide and inform medical practice, the ancient text is of more than historic and symbolic value. It is enshrined in the legal statutes of various jurisdictions, such that violations of the oath may carry criminal or other liability beyond the oath's symbolic nature.
1999 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1999 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 102nd staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Seir Kieran entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Birr in the semi-final.

The final was played on 3 October 1999 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Birr and St Rynagh's, in what was their first meeting in the final in six years. Birr won the match by 3–15 to 1–11 to claim their 14th championship title overall and a first title in two years.

1997 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1997 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 100th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Seir Kieran were the defending champions.

The final was played on 5 October 1997 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Birr and Seir Kieran, in what was their third meeting in the final overall and a first meeting in the final in three years. Birr won the match by 0–14 to 2–04 to claim their 13th championship title overall and a first title in three years.
KIBOR
The Karachi Interbank Offered Rate (KIBOR) is a daily reference rate based on the interest rates at which banks offer to lend unsecured funds to other banks in the Karachi wholesale (or "interbank") money market. The banks used it as a benchmark in their lending to corporate sector.

It is also known as the benchmark rate and is published by Financial Market Association of Pakistan.

Reference rate
A reference rate is a rate that determines pay-offs in a financial contract and that is outside the control of the parties to the contract. It is often some form of LIBOR rate, but it can take many forms, such as a consumer price index, a house price index or an unemployment rate.  Parties to the contract choose a reference rate that neither party has power to manipulate.
Zardanjan
Zardanjan (Persian: زردنجان, also Romanized as Zardanjān and Zardenjan; also known as Zardanjān Jey) is a village in Jey Rural District, in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 697, in 188 families.

Jey Rural District
Jey Rural District (Persian: دهستان جي) is in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran. The capital of the rural district was the village of Arghavaniyeh (ارغوانیه), also known as Aqrabani (آقاربانی).
Alain Oreille
Alain Oreille (born 22 April 1953 in Sarre-Union) is a former French rally driver, who won the Rallye Côte d'Ivoire in 1989, a round of the World Rally Championship. He won the FIA Cup for Drivers of Production Cars in 1989 and 1990.

Renault 5
The Renault 5 is a supermini car produced by the French manufacturer Renault from 1972 to 1996 over two generations. It is a hatchback with either three or five doors and seating for five passengers. The first generation (also known as the R5 or Le Car), which was made from 1972 to 1985, has a front mid-engine, front-wheel-drive layout. The second generation (also known as the Super 5 or Supercinq), which was produced from 1984 to 1996, has a front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout.

The R5 was marketed in the United States and Canada as Le Car, from 1976 until 1983. Renault marketed a four-door saloon car variant, the Renault 7, manufactured from 1974 until 1984 in Spain by Renault's subsidiary FASA-Renault and exported to select markets.

The Renault 5 became the best-selling car in France from 1972 until 1986, with a total production exceeding 5.5 million over 14 years, making it France's most popular car.
Shin-Otaru Station
Shin-Otaru Station (新小樽駅, Shin-Otaru-eki) is a railway station planned to be constructed on the Hokkaido Shinkansen in the city of Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan. Scheduled to open in 2038, it will be operated by Hokkaido Railway Company (JR Hokkaido). Once built, it will replace Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto Station as the northernmost station on the Shinkansen network.

Otaru
Otaru (小樽市, Otaru-shi) is a city and port in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan, northwest of Sapporo. The city faces Ishikari Bay and the Sea of Japan, and has long served as the main port of the bay. With its many historical buildings, Otaru is a popular tourist destination. Because it is a 25-minute drive from Sapporo, it has grown as a commuter town. As of July 31, 2023, the city had an estimated population of 107,432 and a population density of 441 persons per km² (1,100 persons per mi²). The total area is 243.83 km2 (94.14 sq mi). Although it is the largest city in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, the subprefecture's capital is the more centrally located Kutchan.
Obernewtyn Chronicles
The Obernewtyn Chronicles is a series of science fiction and fantasy novels by Australian author Isobelle Carmody. The series has a post apocalyptic setting and depicts a world long after its destruction by a global nuclear holocaust.

The series' protagonist, Elspeth Gordie, is a young girl with mental powers condemned by the series' main antagonists, the governing body, known as the council, and the religious authority, the Herder Faction. The novels deal with themes of responsibility, duty, prejudice, discrimination, tolerance, and human and animal rights.

Sibling
A sibling is a relative that shares at least one parent with the other person. A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister. A person with no siblings is an only child.

While some circumstances can cause siblings to be raised separately (such as foster care or adoption), most societies have siblings grow up together. This causes the development of strong emotional bonds, with siblinghood considered a unique type of relationship. The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.

Medically, a full-sibling is a first-degree relative and a half-sibling is a second-degree relative as they are related by 50% and 25%, respectively.
Top Model (Polish TV series) season 6
Top Model, cycle 6 is the sixth cycle of an ongoing reality television series based on Tyra Banks' America's Next Top Model that pits contestants from Poland against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win the title of the next Polish Top Model.

Joanna Krupa, who also serves as the lead judge, returned to host the sixth cycle. Other judges included fashion designer Dawid Woliński, fashion show director Kasia Sokołowska and photographer Marcin Tyszka. This is the third season of the show to feature male contestants in the cast after cycles 4 and 5. Among the prizes for the season are a contract with Avant Models, an appearance on the cover of the Polish issue of Glamour and 100,000 złotys (US$30,000).

The international destinations this cycle are, Madrid, Campo de Criptana and Eilat.

Anna Jagodzińska
Anna Maria Jagodzińska (born September 12, 1987) is a Polish model. She has appeared on the covers of American, Italian, Australian, Chinese, Portuguese, and German Vogue, L'Officiel, Revue de Modes, and Japanese Numéro. In December 2011, she was ranked #9 among models at the website models.com.
MTS Turkmenistan
MTS Turkmenistan (Turkmen: MTS Türkmenistan) was a mobile phone operator in Turkmenistan.
It was fully owned by Russia's MTS.
As of 2013, it had 1.89 million subscribers. Its rival  Altyn Asyr had 3.5 million subscribers. It was officially closed sometime in late 2017, leaving Altyn Asyr the only major mobile network operator in the country.

Altyn Asyr (mobile operator)
Altyn Asyr CJSC (Turkmen: "Altyn Asyr" ýapyk görnüşli paýdarlar jemgyýeti, lit. 'Golden Age') is the state owned mobile operator in Turkmenistan. The company uses the TM CELL brand as its trade name. In September 2017, it had more than 5,5 million subscribers. It is headquartered in Ashgabat.

The company was founded through official decree by Turkmenistan leader Saparmurat Niyazov in 2004.

The company has a monopoly in the mobile market in Turkmenistan. The company is headed by Shyhmyrat Shaharliyev, a member of Turkmen president Serdar Berdimuhamedov's family. The shareholders of the company are not publicly disclosed. Telecommunications are closely monitored and censored in Turkmenistan. Despite considerable investment by Turkmen authoritarian regime into the company, the services provided by the company have been described as poor.
Yusuf Yazıcı
Yusuf Yazıcı (born 29 January 1997) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Super League Greece club Olympiacos and the Turkey national team.

An academy graduate of Trabzonspor, Yazıcı made his senior debut in December 2015, aged 18, and made over eighty league appearances for the club. In 2019, he joined Lille for €17.5 million, including €1 million of performance criteria, the highest transfer revenue of Trabzonspor's history. He made his senior international debut for Turkey in June 2017, and represented the side at UEFA Euro 2020. In 2022, he then returned to his hometown club on loan.

Assist (association football)
In association football, an assist is a contribution leading to the scoring of a goal, where the contribution is made by someone on the scoring team other than the scorer. Statistics for assists made by players may be kept officially by the organisers of a competition, or unofficially by, for example, journalists or organisers of fantasy football competitions. Recording assists is not part of the official Laws of the Game and the criteria for an assist to be awarded may vary. Record of assists was virtually not kept at all until the end of the 20th century, although reports of matches commonly described a player as having "made" one or more goals. Since the 1990s, some leagues have kept official record of assists and based awards on them.

The separate player statistics "goals [scored]" and "assists" may be aggregated to a statistic called "[goal] contributions" or "[goal] involvements" (analogous to what is called a point in ice hockey).
Lower Kinnerton
Lower Kinnerton is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Dodleston, in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, close to the England–Wales border. The neighbouring village of Higher Kinnerton is across the border in Flintshire. Lower Kinnerton is south of Broughton and to the north west of the village of Dodleston. It is a small agricultural community, which is also home to a local kennel and cattery business.

The population was recorded at 97 in 1801, 94 in 1851, 127 in 1901 and 142 in 1951. In the 2001 census it had a population of 119, increasing to 136 at the 2011 census.

Lower Kinnerton Hall (also known as Bridge Farm Farmhouse) was built in 1685, using brown brick with stone dressings and with a slated roof. Attached to the building is a shippon (cattle-shed) dating from the 18th century. Lower Kinnerton Hall is a designated Grade II listed building.

Cheshire West and Chester
Cheshire West and Chester is a unitary authority area with borough status in Cheshire, England. It was established on 1 April 2009 as part of the 2009 local government changes, by virtue of an order under the Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007. It superseded the boroughs of Ellesmere Port and Neston, Vale Royal and the City of Chester. The remainder of the ceremonial county of Cheshire is composed of Cheshire East, Halton and Warrington. Cheshire West and Chester has three key urban areas: Chester, Ellesmere Port and Northwich/Winsford.

The decision to create the Cheshire West and Chester unitary authority was announced on 25 July 2007 following a consultation period, in which a proposal to create a single Cheshire unitary authority was rejected.
Alternating-time temporal logic
In computer science, alternating-time temporal logic, or ATL, is a branching-time temporal logic that extends computation tree logic (CTL) to multiple players. ATL naturally describes computations of multi-agent systems and concurrent games. Quantification in ATL is over program-paths that are possible outcomes of games. ATL uses alternating-time formulas to construct model-checkers in order to address problems such as receptiveness, realizability, and controllability.

Model checking
In computer science, model checking or property checking is a method for checking whether a finite-state model of a system meets a given specification (also known as correctness). This is typically associated with hardware or software systems, where the specification contains liveness requirements (such as avoidance of livelock) as well as safety requirements (such as avoidance of states representing a system crash).

In order to solve such a problem algorithmically, both the model of the system and its specification are formulated in some precise mathematical language. To this end, the problem is formulated as a task in logic, namely to check whether a structure satisfies a given logical formula. This general concept applies to many kinds of logic and many kinds of structures. A simple model-checking problem consists of verifying whether a formula in the propositional logic is satisfied by a given structure.
Hardware for artificial intelligence
Specialized computer hardware is often used to execute artificial intelligence (AI) programs faster, and with less energy, such as Lisp machines, neuromorphic engineering, event cameras, and physical neural networks. Since 2017, several consumer grade CPUs and SoCs have on-die NPUs. As of 2023, the market for AI hardware is dominated by GPUs.

As of the 2020s, AI computation is dominated by graphics processing units (GPUs) and newer domain-specific accelerators such as Google’s Tensor Processing Units (TPUs), AMD’s Instinct MI300 series, and various on-device neural-processing units (NPUs) found in consumer hardware.

Computer hardware
Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the central processing unit (CPU), random-access memory (RAM), motherboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, and computer case. It includes external devices such as a monitor, mouse, keyboard, and speakers.

By contrast, software is a set of written  instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Hardware derived its name from the fact it is hard or rigid with respect to changes, whereas software is soft because it is easy to change.

Hardware is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system, although other systems exist with only hardware.
Thomas Heatherwick
Thomas Alexander Heatherwick, CBE RA RDI HonFREng (born 17 February 1970) is an English designer and the founder of London-based design practice Heatherwick Studio.  He works with a team of about 250 architects, designers and entrepreneurs from his studio in King's Cross, London.

Heatherwick's projects, many of which have won design awards, include the UK pavilion at Expo 2010, the renovation of the Hong Kong Pacific Place, the Olympic cauldron for the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, Vessel in New York City, and the New Routemaster bus. The Garden Bridge over the Thames in Central London was cancelled.

Manchester Metropolitan University
Manchester Metropolitan University is a public university in Manchester, England. The university's predecessor, Manchester Polytechnic, gained university status in 1992. The university has 44,000 students and over 5,100 members of staff. It is home to four faculties (Arts and Humanities, Business and Law, Health and Education and Science and Engineering). It is the fifth-largest university in the United Kingdom by total enrolment.
2021 Stanford Cardinal football team
The 2021 Stanford Cardinal football team represented Stanford University in the 2021 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Cardinal were led by eleventh-year head coach David Shaw. They played their home games at Stanford Stadium as members of the North Division of the Pac-12 Conference.  They finished the season 3–9, 2–7 in Pac-12 play, to finish last place in the North Division. This was Shaw's worst season ever and Stanford's worst record since the team went 1–11 in the 2006 season.

Stanford Stadium
Stanford Stadium is an outdoor college football stadium located on the campus of Stanford University in Stanford, California, United States. It is the home of the Stanford Cardinal and hosts the university's commencement exercises. Opened 105 years ago in 1921 as a football and track and field stadium, it was an earthen horseshoe with wooden bleacher seating and flooring upon a steel frame. Its original seating capacity was 60,000, which grew to 89,000 by 1927 as a nearly enclosed bowl.

Immediately following the 2005 season, the stadium was demolished and rebuilt as a dual-deck concrete structure, without a track. Today, it seats 50,424. The natural grass playing field runs northwest to southeast, at an approximate elevation of sixty feet (18 m) above sea level.
Dan Heilman
Dan Heilman (1922 – December 17, 1966) was the first artist of the Judge Parker comic strip. He was born in 1922 (some sources say 1924) in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Having served in World War II, Heilman became an assistant to artist Ken Ernst on the Mary Worth comic strip, and to Roy Crane on Buz Sawyer. In 1949 he was the artist for a comic strip called The American Adventure.

In 1952 writer Dr. Nicholas Dallis hired Heilman for Judge Parker, which made its debut on 24 November of that year. Heilman stayed with Judge Parker until 1965, when he left and was succeeded by his assistant Harold LeDoux.

Heilman was working on a new outer-space-themed comic when he died in Lauderdale-by-the-Sea, Florida on December 17, 1966.

Roy Crane
Royston Campbell Crane (November 22, 1901 – July 7, 1977), who signed his work Roy Crane, was an American cartoonist who created the comic strip characters Wash Tubbs, Captain Easy and Buz Sawyer. He pioneered the adventure comic strip, establishing the conventions and artistic approach of that genre. Comics historian R. C. Harvey wrote, "Many of those who drew the earliest adventure strips were inspired and influenced by his work."
Deaths in September 2021
The following is a list of notable deaths in September 2021.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

President of Algeria
The president of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria (Arabic: رئيس الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية, romanized: Raʼīs al-Jumhūriyyah al-Jazāʼiriyyah al-Dīmuqrāṭiyyah al-Shaʻbiyyah; French: Président de la République algérienne démocratique et populaire) is the head of state and chief executive of Algeria, as well as the commander-in-chief of the Algerian People's National Armed Forces.

The current president is Abdelmadjid Tebboune, who succeeded Abdelaziz Bouteflika on 19 December 2019.
2025 Indianapolis 8 Hour
The 2025 Indianapolis 8 Hour (formally known as the Indianapolis 8 Hour Presented by AWS) was a sports car race held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Indianapolis, Indiana, on October 18, 2025. It was the fifth and final round of the 2025 Intercontinental GT Challenge and the seventh and final round of the 2025 GT World Challenge America season.

2025 GT World Challenge America
The 2025 GT World Challenge America Powered by AWS was the nineteenth season of the United States Auto Club's GT World Challenge America, and the eighth under ownership of SRO Motorsports Group.

The season began at Sonoma on March 28, and finished at Indianapolis on October 18.
Provo Central station
Provo Central station is an intermodal transit station in Provo, Utah, United States. It is served by the Utah Transit Authority's (UTA) FrontRunner commuter rail line as well as local, intra-county, and interstate buses. It is the southern terminus of the commuter rail system, with service running north as far as Ogden. The station is also known as Provo Intermodal Hub, Provo Station, or Provo CRS. It is part of the FrontRunner South extension.

Farmington station
Farmington Station is a commuter rail station in Farmington, Utah, United States  served by the FrontRunner, Utah Transit Authority's (UTA) commuter rail train that operates along the Wasatch Front with service from Ogden in  central Weber County through Davis County, Salt Lake City, and Salt Lake County to Provo in central Utah County.
Joy (Australian musician)
Olivia McCarthy, known professionally as JOY., is an Australian musician, singer, and Record producer from Brisbane. She supported Tkay Maidza on tour in 2015. Olivia is signed to Sony Music Australia and was the main support for Demi Lovato's Tell Me You Love Me World Tour on the European leg in 2018. She was originally discovered through Triple J Unearthed.

Tkay Maidza
Takudzwa Victoria Rosa "Tkay" Maidza (/tiːˈkeɪ ˈmaɪdzə/ tee-KAY MY-dzə; (born 17 December 1995) is a Zimbabwean-born Australian singer-songwriter and hip hop artist from Adelaide, South Australia. She has been nominated for and won many awards, and released two albums: Tkay (2016) and  Sweet Justice (2023). She collaborated with Flume on her 2023 single "Silent Assassin".