hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mützenich (Monschau)
Mützenich is a village and former municipality in the district of Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is part of the municipality of Monschau since 1972. Notably, Mützenich is a German exclave surrounded by Belgian territory due to the track bed of the former Vennbahn railway line being part of Belgium following the implementation of the Treaty of Versailles, among other small areas.

Vennbahn
The Vennbahn (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛnbaːn], "Fen Railway") is a former railway line that was built partly across what was then German territory by the Prussian state railways. It is now entirely in Belgium, because the trackbed of the line, as well as the stations and other installations, were made provisional Belgian territory in 1919 (permanent in 1922) under an article of the Treaty of Versailles.

This created six small exclaves of Germany on the line's western side, of which five remain. The treaty (not the location of the trackbed, per se) also created one small Belgian counter-enclave, a traffic island inside a three-way German road intersection near Fringshaus which lasted until 1949.

The route is now a cycle way.
Simorgh Alborz FC
Simorgh Alborz  (Persian: سیمرغ البرز) or Alborz Phoenixes Mazar is a professional football club from Afghanistan. They play in the Afghanistan Champions League. It was founded in August 2012 by the creation of Afghan Premier League and its players have been chosen through a casting-show called Maidon-E-Sabz (Green Field). Based in the city of Mazar-i-Sharif, club represents  provinces of Balkh, Samangan, Sar-e Pol, Jowzjan and Faryab in the northwestern region of Afghanistan.

They have claimed both runners-up positions in first two years of Afghan Premier League.

Afghan Premier League
The Afghan Premier League, also known as Rahmani Foundation Afghan Premier League for sponsorship reasons, was a professional men's football league run by the Afghanistan Football Federation (AFF). It was the country's primary competition for the sport. The league was contested by eight teams. The competition commenced in September 2012. Seasons usually ran from September to October followed by a finals series involving the top two highest-placed teams in each of the two tables of four teams. The national champion gained qualification into the continental competition. Most games were played at the Afghanistan Football Federation Stadium in Kabul.

Since the league's inaugural season, a total of three clubs were crowned Afghan Premier League champions. Shaheen Asmayee, won a record 5 premier league titles. The league was folded in 2020 and was replaced with the Afghanistan Champions League.
Damned Damned Damned
Damned Damned Damned is the debut studio album by the English punk rock band the Damned. It was released on 18 February 1977 by Stiff Records. Produced by Nick Lowe, Damned Damned Damned was the first full-length album released by a UK punk group. The album peaked at No. 34 on the UK Charts.

Machine Gun Etiquette
Machine Gun Etiquette is the third studio album by the English punk rock band the Damned, released on 9 November 1979 by Chiswick Records. The album peaked at No. 31 on the UK Charts.

The album was the group's first since reforming with a new lineup of previous members Dave Vanian on vocals, Captain Sensible on lead guitar, Rat Scabies on drums, plus newcomer Algy Ward of Australian punk band The Saints on bass guitar on his only album with the band.
Down in tha Dirty
"Down in tha Dirty" is the second single by rapper Ludacris for the unreleased Disturbing tha Peace compilation album, "Strength in Numbers". It features Bun B & Rick Ross and was produced by Clinton Sparks. The chorus, "Down in the dirty south, to be exact, gettin' money is a well known fact", is sampled from Bun B's verse on the song 'White Gurl' by E-40. The guitar is sampled from "So What'cha Want" by the Beastie Boys.

Bun B
Bernard James Freeman (born March 19, 1973), known professionally as Bun B, is an American rapper. He is best known as one half of the Southern rap duo UGK (Underground Kingz), which he formed in 1987 alongside Pimp C. Aside from his work with UGK, Bun B has released five solo albums, including 2010's Trill OG, which received the rare 5-mic rating from The Source.
Kwiatkowice-Kolonia
Kwiatkowice-Kolonia [kfjatkɔˈvit͡sɛ kɔˈlɔɲa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wodzierady, within Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-west of Wodzierady, 18 km (11 mi) north of Łask, and 25 km (16 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wodzierady
Wodzierady [vɔd͡ʑɛˈradɨ] is a village in Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wodzierady. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north of Łask and 24 km (15 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.
Structure of the Swedish Home Guard
The following is an overview of the Swedish Home Guard's operational and peacetime organization. The Swedish Home Guard is commanded by the Chief of Defence based at the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters in Stockholm.

Västmanland County
Västmanland County (Swedish: Västmanlands län) is a county or län in central Sweden. It borders the counties of Södermanland, Örebro, Gävleborg, Dalarna and Uppsala. The county also has a stretch of shoreline towards Mälaren (Sweden's third largest lake).
Interstate 195
Interstate 195 (I-195) is the designation for the following six existing Interstate Highways in the United States, all of which are related to I-95:

Interstate 195 (Maine), a spur in Saco

Interstate 195 (Maryland), a spur to BWI Airport

Interstate 195 (New Jersey), a spur to the Jersey Shore

Interstate 195 (Rhode Island–Massachusetts), a spur to Cape Cod

Interstate 195 (Virginia), a spur in Richmond

Interstate 195 (Florida), a spur in Miami

Other

Interstate 195 (District of Columbia), a future designation for the north–south portion of I-395 from the Southeast–Southwest Freeway to New York Avenue

Interstate 195 (Delaware), a proposed portion of I-95 in Delaware, while under construction

Interstate 195 (Maine)
Interstate 195 (I-195), also known as the Saco Industrial Spur, is a short auxiliary Interstate Highway running 1.55 miles (2.49 km) in eastern York County, Maine. The highway, located entirely in the city of Saco, is a nominally east–west route that provides access to downtown Saco and the resort town of Old Orchard Beach from I-95 (Maine Turnpike). The western terminus of I-195 is at a trumpet interchange with the Maine Turnpike in central Saco. The route has numbered interchanges with Industrial Park Road, US Route 1 (US 1), and State Route 5 (SR 5) before terminating at an at-grade intersection with SR 5 near the border between Saco and Old Orchard Beach.

The western terminus with I-95 has the remnants of an abandoned clover ramp, and the eastbound I-195 bridge is wide enough for two lanes and a shoulder but only has one lane. These hinted at a possible future extension westward but is less probable with the recent construction of a subdivision due west of the interchange.
Rory Laird
Rory Laird (born 29 December 1993) is a professional Australian rules football player who plays for the Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was drafted by Adelaide with pick 5 in the 2012 Rookie Draft.

West Adelaide Football Club
West Adelaide Football Club is an Australian rules football club in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). Nicknamed the Bloods and commonly known as the Westies, the club's home base is Richmond Oval (currently known as Hisense Stadium under a sponsorship agreement). The Oval is located in Richmond, an inner-western suburb of Adelaide.

The club has won nine SANFL premierships, the most recent coming in 2015 – breaking a thirty-two-year premiership drought dating back to 1983; the second longest in the SANFL.
Puysegur Point Lighthouse
The Puysegur Point Lighthouse is located on a remote headland overlooking the Tasman Sea at the southwest corner of New Zealand's South Island. The  Puysegur Point headland is near the entrance to Rakituma / Preservation Inlet in Fiordland National Park. The lighthouse marks the northwest point of the entrance to Foveaux Strait, separating Stewart Island from the South Island. Puysegur Point is one of the most isolated and inaccessible lighthouses in New Zealand.

The original wooden lighthouse tower was destroyed in an arson attack on 8 February 1942. A replacement lighthouse was constructed using equipment that had recently become surplus from the Godley Head and Cape Foulwind lighthouses, and a new light was commissioned in January 1943.

Rakituma / Preservation Inlet
Rakituma / Preservation Inlet is the southernmost fiord in Fiordland National Park and lies on the southwest corner of the South Island of New Zealand. With an area of 93 square kilometres (36 sq mi), it is the fourth largest fiord in New Zealand, after Tamatea / Dusky Sound, Doubtful Sound / Patea, and the neighbouring Taiari / Chalky Inlet to the north. Rakituma was briefly the site of an attempted fishing and gold mining settlement at Cromarty during the 19th century, however this was quickly abandoned once the level of gold declined in relation to more promising fields elsewhere.
2017 Tamil Thalaivas season
The 2017 Tamil Thalaivas season is the first season of the Tamil Thalaivas' existence in the Pro Kabaddi League. The team is led by Ajay Thakur and coached by K Baskaran. The team is owned by Nimmagadda Prasad and  former Indian cricket captain Sachin Tendulkar, Actors  Allu Arjun and Ram Charan and also  Allu Aravind. Actor Kamal Hasan is the brand ambassador of the team. Tamil Thalaivas play their home matches at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Chennai), Tamil Nadu.

Ajay Thakur
Ajay Thakur (born 1 May 1987) is an Indian former professional Kabaddi player and the former captain of the Indian National Kabaddi Team. He currently serves as the coach of Puneri Paltan in the Pro Kabbadi League.He is widely regarded as one of the greatest players 
of all time. He was part of the national teams which won 2016 Kabaddi World Cup and gold medal at 2014 Asian Games. He was awarded the Padma Shri and Arjuna Award in 2019.

He is a member of Himachal Pradesh Police Service cadre where he currently serves as a Deputy superintendent of police.
2018 in amphibian paleontology
This list of fossil amphibians described in 2018 is a list of new taxa of fossil amphibians that were described during the year 2018, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to amphibian paleontology that occurred in 2018.

Histology
Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy, microanatomy or histoanatomy, is the branch of biology that studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures visible without a microscope.

Historically, microscopic anatomy was divided into organology, the study of organs, histology, the study of tissues, and cytology, the study of cells, although modern usage places all of these topics under the field of histology. In medicine, histopathology is the branch of histology that includes the microscopic identification and study of diseased tissue. In the field of paleontology, the term paleohistology refers to the histology of fossil organisms.
2011 Vuelta a Burgos
The 2011 Vuelta a Burgos (2011 Tour of Burgos) was the 33rd edition of the Vuelta a Burgos, an annual bicycle race which tours the province of Burgos. Beginning in Villarcayo on 3 August, it concluded at the Lagunas de Neila on 7 August. The 646.6 km long stage race was part of the 2010–11 UCI Europe Tour, and was classified as a 2.HC event. Joaquim Rodríguez won the general classification, while his teammate Daniel Moreno secured a 1–2 victory for Team Katusha. Reigning champion Samuel Sánchez participated but finished fourth. Rodríguez also claimed the points classification title.

2010–11 UCI Europe Tour
The 2010–11 UCI Europe Tour was the seventh season of the UCI Europe Tour. The season began on 28 October 2010 with the Tour of Marmara and ended on 16 October 2011 with the Chrono des Nations.

The points leader, based on the cumulative results of previous races, wears the UCI Europe Tour cycling jersey. Giovanni Visconti of Italy was the defending champion of the 2009–10 UCI Europe Tour and was crowned as the 2010–11 UCI Europe Tour.

Throughout the season, points are awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determines how many points are awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points are awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.HC, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.HC, 1.1 and 1.2
EDM trap music
EDM trap music, or Trap EDM is a fusion genre of hip-hop, rave, and electronic dance music (EDM), that originated in the early 2010s on peaking popularity of big room house and hip hop trap genres. It blends elements of hip hop trap, which is an offshoot of Southern hip hop, with elements of EDM like build-ups, drops, dense production with rave music synthesizers, and breakdowns. As it was popularized, it increasingly began incorporating more pop elements. EDM trap songs and production are typically very dynamic, boisterous, experimental, and sparky in comparison to the hip-hop version of trap, due to its EDM and rave music elements, tendencies and structure.

Big room house
Big room house or simply big room is a fusion subgenre of house music (notably progressive house and electro house) that gained popularity in the early 2010s. Although the term "big room" started appearing in news articles circa 2007, the current state of this subgenre emerged around 2010—12 and was popularized by songs such as "Epic" and "Cannonball". From 2013 on, artists like Martin Garrix, KSHMR, Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike, Hardwell, Blasterjaxx, W&W, R3HAB and others began experimenting with this sound in their compositions.

The genre is generally set at a tempo that falls between 126 and 132 BPM. Songs typically include long buildups followed by an electro-style drop accompanied by the four on the floor kick drums typical of house music. Melodies are often simple and minimal, though a techno-inspired supersaw is frequently used.
Gunybi Ganambarr
Gunybi Ganambarr  (born 15 April 1973) is an Aboriginal artist from Yirrkala, in the North-eastern Arnhem Land of the Northern Territory. He currently resides in Gängän where he continues to create his art. Ganambarr is considered the founder of the "Found" movement in northeast Arnhem Land, in which artists use recycled materials, onto which are etched sacred designs more commonly painted on eucalyptus bark.

National Gallery of Australia
The National Gallery of Australia (NGA), formerly the Australian National Gallery, is the national art museum of Australia as well as one of the largest art museums in Australia, holding more than 166,000 works of art. Located in Canberra in the Australian Capital Territory, it was established in 1967 by the Australian Government as a national public art museum. As of 2022 it is under the directorship of Nick Mitzevich.
Dendryphantina
The Dendryphantina are a subtribe of jumping spiders that occur mainly in the New World. The subtribe was first defined by Anton Menge in 1879 as Dendryphantidae. Females of the subtribe generally show paired spots on the abdomen, and the males often have enlarged chelicerae. Females in this subtribe typically have S-shaped epigynal openings.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Pendulum (mechanics)
A pendulum is a body suspended from a fixed support that freely swings back and forth under the influence of gravity. When a pendulum is displaced sideways from its resting, equilibrium position, it is subject to a restoring force due to gravity that will accelerate it back towards the equilibrium position. When released, the restoring force acting on the pendulum's mass causes it to oscillate about the equilibrium position, swinging it back and forth. The mathematics of pendulums are in general quite complicated. Simplifying assumptions can be made, which in the case of a simple pendulum allow the equations of motion to be solved analytically for small-angle oscillations.

Small-angle approximation
For small angles, the trigonometric functions sine, cosine, and tangent can be calculated with reasonable accuracy by the following simple approximations:

provided the angle is measured in radians. Angles measured in degrees must first be converted to radians by multiplying them by ⁠⁠.

These approximations have a wide range of uses in branches of physics and engineering, including mechanics, electromagnetism, optics, cartography, astronomy, and computer science. One reason for this is that they can greatly simplify differential equations that do not need to be answered with absolute precision.

There are a number of ways to demonstrate the validity of the small-angle approximations. The most direct method is to truncate the Maclaurin series for each of the trigonometric functions. Depending on the order of the approximation,  is approximated as either  or as .
Otis–Lennon School Ability Test
The Otis–Lennon School Ability Test (OLSAT), published by the successor of Harcourt Assessment—Pearson Education, Inc., a subsidiary of Pearson PLC—is according to the publisher, a test of abstract thinking and reasoning ability of children pre-K to 18. The Otis-Lennon is group-administered (except preschool), multiple choice, taken with pencil and paper, measures verbal, quantitative, and spatial reasoning ability. The test yields verbal and nonverbal scores, from which a total score is derived, called a School Ability Index (SAI). The SAI is a normalized standard score with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 16. With the exception of pre-K, the test is administered in groups.

Mensa International
Mensa International is the largest and oldest high-IQ society in the world. It is a non-profit organization open to people who score at the 98th percentile or higher on a standardised, supervised IQ or other approved intelligence test. Mensa formally comprises national groups and the umbrella organisation Mensa International, with a registered office in Caythorpe, Lincolnshire, England, which is separate from the British Mensa office in Wolverhampton.
Artondale Cemetery
The Artondale Cemetery is located in Artondale, Washington within the larger community of Gig Harbor, Washington, United States.

Established in 1895, the 2.75 acres of land that became the cemetery was donated by Miles B. and Maritta M. Hunt. In that same year articles of incorporation for the cemetery association were filed. The association maintains the property and is a non-profit organization.  The association maintains the property and has an all-volunteer annual clean-up day before Memorial Day. The American Legion performs a ceremony on Memorial Day to honor the veterans buried there.

Gig Harbor, Washington
Gig Harbor (Lushootseed: txʷaalqəɬ) is the name of both a bay on Puget Sound and a city on its shore in Pierce County, Washington. The population was 12,029 at the 2020 census.

Gig Harbor bills itself as "the Maritime City" and maintains a strong connection to its maritime heritage. Due to its close access to several state and city parks, and historic waterfront that includes boutiques and fine dining, it has become a popular tourist destination. Gig Harbor is located along State Route 16, about 6 mi (9.7 km) from its origin at Interstate 5, over the Tacoma Narrows Bridge.
Lodoxamide
Lodoxamide is an antiallergic pharmaceutical drug. It is marketed under the tradename Alomide in the UK. Like cromoglicic acid it acts as a mast cell stabilizer. In 2014 lodoxamide and bufrolin were found to be potent agonists at the G protein-coupled receptor 35, an orphan receptor believed to play a role in inflammatory processes, pain and the development of stomach cancer.

Cromoglicic acid
Cromoglicic acid (INN)—also referred to as cromolyn (USAN), cromoglycate (former BAN), or cromoglicate—is traditionally described as a mast cell stabilizer, and is commonly marketed as the sodium salt sodium cromoglicate or cromolyn sodium.  This drug prevents the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine from mast cells.

It is considered a breakthrough drug in management of asthma, as the patients can be freed from steroids in many cases; however, it is mainly effective as a prophylaxis for allergic and exercise-induced asthma, not as a treatment for acute asthma attacks.

Cromoglicic acid has been the non-corticosteroid treatment of choice in the treatment of asthma, for which it has largely been replaced by leukotriene receptor antagonists because of their safety and convenience. Cromoglicic acid requires administration four times daily, and does not provide additive benefit in combination with inhaled corticosteroids.
Charlotte Elizabeth McKay
Charlotte Elizabeth McKay (née Johnson; August 2, 1818 – April 10, 1894) was an American editor, Union Army nurse, and an anti-suffragist. She worked as a field nurse during the American Civil War, receiving a Kearny Cross from the 17th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment, whom she had cared for after the Battle of Chancellorsville. She was the first woman who protested against the suffrage movement, and she was the editor of the first American anti-suffrage periodical, The True Woman.

Wakefield, Massachusetts
Wakefield is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the greater Boston metropolitan area, incorporated in 1812 and located about 12.5 mi (20.1 km) north-northwest of Downtown Boston. Wakefield's population was 27,090 at the 2020 census. Wakefield offers an assortment of activities around the local lake, Lake Quannapowitt.