hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nyobeng
The Nyobeng/Nyobong is an ancient Dayak headhunting ritual that was performed to show gratitude for peace and good harvests.  The ritual involved bathing or cleaning the skulls of sacrificed humans. The ceremony was performed by the Dayak Nyobeng Bidayu, Sebujit Hamlet, Village Hlibuei, Subdistrict Siding, Bengkayang and West Kalimantan, Indonesia. It was abandoned in 1894.

Dayak people
The Dayak (/ˈdaɪ.ək/ ⓘ; older spelling: Dajak), Dyak, Dayuh or Dayaknese, are the Austronesian ethnic groups native of Borneo. It is a loose term for over 200 riverine and hill-dwelling ethnic groups, located principally in the central and southern interior of Borneo, each with its own dialect, customs, laws, territory, and culture, although common distinguishing traits are readily identifiable. The Dayak were animist (Kaharingan and Folk Hindus) in belief; however, since the 19th century there has been mass conversion to Christianity and to Islam.
Birekte terrane
The Birekte terrane is a terrane located by the Anabar Shield, in the north-eastern part of the Siberian Craton, in the basins of the Popigay, Anabar, Birekte and Olenyok rivers. It is defined entirely from geophysical data and is overlain by Riphean-Paleozoic platformal cover.

Terrane
In geology, a terrane (/təˈreɪn, ˈtɛreɪn/; in full, a tectonostratigraphic terrane) is a crust fragment formed on a tectonic plate (or broken off from it) and accreted or "sutured" to crust lying on another plate. The crustal block or fragment preserves its distinctive geologic history, which is different from the surrounding areas—hence the term "exotic" terrane. The suture zone between a terrane and the crust it attaches to is usually identifiable as a fault. A sedimentary deposit that buries the contact of the terrane with adjacent rock is called an overlap formation. An igneous intrusion that has intruded and obscured the contact of a terrane with adjacent rock is called a stitching pluton.

There is also an older usage of the term terrane, which described a series of related rock formations or an area with a preponderance of a particular rock or rock group.
Jēkabs Peterss
Jēkabs Peterss (Russian: Я́ков Христофо́рович Пе́терс, Yakov Khristoforovich Peters, English: Jacob Peters; 3 December [O.S. 21 November] 1886 – 25 April 1938) was a Latvian Communist revolutionary and politician who played a part in the establishment of the Soviet Union. Together with Felix Dzerzhinsky, he was one of the founders and chiefs of the Cheka, the secret police of Soviet Russia. He was the Deputy Chairman of the Cheka from 1918 and briefly the acting Chairman of the Cheka from 7 July to 22 August 1918.

Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party
The Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party (Latvian: Latvijas Sociāldemokrātiskā strādnieku partija, LSDSP) is a social-democratic political party in Latvia and the second oldest existing Latvian political party after the Latvian Farmers' Union. It is currently represented with two seats in the parliament of Latvia as a part of the Union of Greens and Farmers alliance after an absence of 20 years. The party tends to hold a less Russophilic view than the Social Democratic Party "Harmony".
Tudan, West Azerbaijan
Tudan (Persian: تودان, also Romanized as Tūdān) is a village in Aland Rural District, Safayyeh District, Khoy County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 273, in 50 families.

Aland Rural District
Aland Rural District (Persian: دهستان الند) is in Safayyeh District of Khoy County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Balesur-e Sofla. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Dizaj-e Aland.
Now and Then: From Coney Island to Here
Now and Then is Joseph Heller's 1998 memoir. The first half of the memoir focuses on Heller's childhood in Coney Island and is, in fact, as much about the place as it is about the man. Heller describes growing up, his mother and half-siblings in a fundamentally safe and fun neighborhood of punch ball, football, amusement park, and Nathan's Famous Hot Dog Stand.

Nathan's Famous
Nathan's Famous, Inc., is an American company that operates a chain of fast-food restaurants specializing in hot dogs. The original Nathan's restaurant stands at the corner of Surf and Stillwell avenues in the Coney Island neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City. Its restaurants are primarily in the Northeastern United States. The company's headquarters are at One Jericho Plaza in Jericho, part of Oyster Bay, New York.

In January 2026, it was announced that Nathan's Famous had agreed to be bought by Smithfield Foods in a $450 million, all-cash transaction.
Dongfeng, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Dongfeng Township (Chinese: 东风乡; pinyin: Dōngfēng Xiāng) is a township in center of Chaoyang District, Beijing, China. It borders Jiuxianqiao Subdistrict and Jiangtai Township to the north, Dongba and Pingfang Townships to the east, Liulitun Subdistrict to the south, Maizidian Subdistrict to the west. In the year 2020, its population is 63,236.

Jiuxianqiao Subdistrict
Jiuxianqiao Subdistrict (Chinese: 酒仙桥街道; pinyin: Jiǔxiānqiáo Jiēdào) is a subdistrict within Chaoyang District, Beijing, China. It borders Chuigezhuang Township to the north and east, Dongfeng Township to the south, Jiangtai Township to the west, Donghu and Wangjing Subdistrict to the northwest. As of 2020, it has a total population of 63,910.

The subdistrict was named after Jiuxianqiao (Chinese: 酒仙桥; lit. 'Bridge of the Alcohol Immortal'), a bridge within the area. There is a local legend where an alcohol immortal accidentally dropped his liquor under the bridge, and the river started to produce a nice scent ever since.
Deaths in June 2023
The following is a list of notable deaths in June 2023.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island
The Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island (French: Assemblée législative de l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard) together with the lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island form the General Assembly of Prince Edward Island. The Legislative Assembly meets at Province House, which is at the intersection of Richmond and Great George Streets in Charlottetown. Bills passed by the Assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.
William H. Natcher Federal Building and United States Courthouse
The William H. Natcher Federal Building and United States Courthouse (originally the U.S. Post Office and Courthouse) is a courthouse of the United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky located in Bowling Green, Kentucky. Built in 1912, the building was renamed for U.S. Representative William Huston Natcher in 1994. It is located at 241 East Main Street.

United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky
The United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky (in case citations, W.D. Ky.) is the federal district court for the western part of the state of Kentucky.

Appeals from the Western District of Kentucky are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit in Cincinnati, Ohio (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).
2015 Las Vegas Bowl
The 2015 Las Vegas Bowl was a post-season American college football bowl game played on December 19, 2015, at Sam Boyd Stadium in the Las Vegas suburb of Whitney, Nevada.  The 24th edition of the Las Vegas Bowl featured the BYU Cougars against the Utah Utes, earning the game the moniker the Holy War in Sin City (named for the "Holy War" rivalry game and the "Sin City" nickname for Las Vegas). The game sold out 24 hours after the matchup was announced. It began at 12:30 p.m. PST and aired on ABC.  It was one of the 2015–16 bowl games that concluded the 2015 FBS football season.  Sponsored by lubricant manufacturer Royal Purple, it was officially known as the Royal Purple Las Vegas Bowl.

Las Vegas Bowl
The Las Vegas Bowl  is an NCAA Division I FBS annual post-season college football bowl game held in the Las Vegas area. First played in 1992, the bowl was originally held at the 40,000-seat Sam Boyd Stadium in Whitney, Nevada, before moving to the 65,000-seat Allegiant Stadium in Paradise, Nevada, in 2021. The bowl is owned and operated by ESPN Events.
Flammé (yarn)
See flammé (vexillology) for the flag design.

Flammé yarns are a kind of novelty yarn. It is generally a loose or untwisted core wrapped by at least one other strand. The extra element can be a metallic thread, or a much-thicker or much-narrower strand of yarn, or yarn that varies between thick and thin. Some companies have come to put twin yarns on the market to show off combinations of one regular yarn and novelty yarns in assorted colors or even two different types of novelty yarns.

Novelty yarns
Novelty yarns include a wide variety of yarns made with unusual features, structure or fiber composition, such as slubs, inclusions, metallic or synthetic fibers, laddering and varying thickness introduced during production. Some linens, wools to be woven into tweed, and the uneven filaments of some types of silk are allowed to retain their normal irregularities, producing the characteristic uneven surface of the finished fabric. Man-made fibres, which can be modified during production, are especially adaptable for special effects, such as crimping and texturizing.
Rabindranath Tagore University, Bhopal
Rabindranath Tagore University (formerly known as AISECT University) is a premier private university established by All India Society for Electronics and Computer Technology (AISECT) in Mendua Village, Raisen District, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. Rabindranath Tagore University is recognized by University Grant Commission and  Government of Madhya Pradesh.

It is named after Rabindranath Tagore (Polymath from India and the first person from Asia to win in 1913 Nobel Prize in Literature)

Raisen district
Raisen district (Hindi pronunciation: [ɾajseːn]) is a district of Madhya Pradesh state of India. The town of Raisen is the district headquarters. The district is part of the Bhopal Division. Sanchi University of Buddhist-Indic Studies is the first international university located in Sanchi Town.
Lubensky Uyezd
Lubensky Uyezd (Лубенский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Poltava Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the central part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Lubny.

Poltava Governorate
Poltava Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire. It was officially created in 1802 from the disbanded Little Russia Governorate and had its capital in Poltava.

Its borders encompassed the modern Poltava Oblast of Ukraine, in addition to Berestyn, Pereiaslav, Romny and Zolotonosha.

It was bordering the Chernigov and Kursk Governorates to the north, Kiev Governorate to the west, Kharkov Governorate to the east and the Kherson and Yekaterinoslav Governorates to the south.
Phreatomagmatic eruption
Phreatomagmatic eruptions are volcanic eruptions resulting from interaction between magma and water. They differ from exclusively magmatic eruptions and phreatic eruptions. Unlike phreatic eruptions, the products of phreatomagmatic eruptions contain juvenile (magmatic) clasts. It is common for a large explosive eruption to have magmatic and phreatomagmatic components.

Ejecta
Ejecta (Latin for 'things thrown out'; sing. ejectum) are particles ejected from an area. In volcanology, in particular, the term refers to particles including pyroclastic materials (tephra) that came out of a volcanic explosion and magma eruption volcanic vent, or crater, has traveled through the air or water, and fell back to the ground surface or ocean floor.
Aso Shrine
Aso Shrine (阿蘇神社, Aso-jinja) is a Shinto Shrine in Aso, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. Aso is one of the oldest shrines in Japan. This shrine holds several Important Cultural Properties, including Ichi-no-shinden (一の神殿), Ni-no-shinden (二の神殿), and Rōmon (楼門). The Aso family in charge of the shrine is said to have the second oldest recorded lineage in Japan after the Imperial family. The Aso Shrine was heavily damaged in the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes. The shrine's rōmon (tower gate) completely collapsed. The haiden (worshiping hall) also collapsed.

Emperor Jimmu
Emperor Jimmu (神武天皇, Jinmu Tennō; Japanese pronunciation: [dʑiꜜm.mɯ (ten.noː), dʑim.mɯ ten.noꜜː]) was the legendary first emperor of Japan according to the Nihon Shoki and Kojiki. His ascension is traditionally dated as 660 BC. In Japanese mythology, he was a descendant of the sun goddess Amaterasu, through her grandson Ninigi, as well as a descendant of the storm god Susanoo. He launched a military expedition from Hyūga near the Seto Inland Sea, captured Yamato, and established this as his center of power. In modern Japan, Emperor Jimmu's legendary ascension is marked as National Foundation Day on February 11.

There is no evidence to suggest that Jimmu existed, and he is regarded by most modern scholars as a legendary figure.
Wayne Henderson (luthier)
Wayne C. Henderson is an American guitar maker who specializes in the crafting of handmade, custom acoustic guitars. He also occasionally makes other stringed instruments, such as mandolins, banjos, and fiddles.

Doc Watson
Arthel Lane "Doc" Watson (March 3, 1923 – May 29, 2012) was an American guitarist, songwriter, and singer of bluegrass, folk, country, blues, and gospel music. He won seven Grammy awards as well as a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. His fingerpicking and flatpicking skills, as well as his knowledge of traditional American music, were highly regarded. Blind from a young age, he performed publicly both in a dance band and solo, as well as for over 15 years with his son, guitarist Merle Watson, until Merle's death in 1985 in an accident on the family farm.
Lambert of Ardres
Lambert of Ardres (active 1194–1203) was a chronicler in the twelfth-century Kingdom of France, from on the frontiers of the County of Flanders.

By 1194, Lambert was the parish priest of Ardres. He was related to the Counts of Guînes, for whom he wrote a Historia comitum Ghisnensium, begun around 1196 and left unfinished in 1203. It is a mixture of history and folklore. It also contains a contemporary description of a donjon. A chapter of Georges Duby's The Knight, The Lady, and the Priest is dedicated to Lambert's Historia.

Lambert's Historia has been published in a number of editions:

Godfrey de Ménilglaise (ed.), Chronique de Guines et d'Ardres par Lambert, curé d'Ardres (Paris, 1855).

Johannes Heller (ed.), "Lamberti ardensis historia comitum Ghisnensium", in Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores, vol. 24 (1879), 550-642.

Leah Shopkow (trans.), The History of the Counts of Guines and Lords of Ardres (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000)

Georges Duby
Georges Duby (French: [ʒɔʁʒ dybi]; 7 October 1919 – 3 December 1996) was a French historian who specialised in the social and economic history of the Middle Ages. He ranks among the most influential medieval historians of the twentieth century and was one of France's most prominent public intellectuals from the 1970s to his death. In 2019, his work was published in the Bibliothèque de la Pléiade. He is one of the rare historians to benefit from such an honor, with Herodotus, Thucydides, Ibn Khaldoun, Froissart and Michelet.
Anthology: Down in Birdland
Anthology: Down In Birdland was a 2-Cassette Tape & 2CD album released by The Manhattan Transfer in 1992 on the Rhino Records label. It was the first album released by the group on this label.

This two disc and two tape set came with a 52-page booklet that gave an informative history of the group along with numerous photographs which depicted various stages of their history.

The Manhattan Transfer (album)
The Manhattan Transfer is the second album by The Manhattan Transfer. However, it is the first of four albums to be released by the lineup of Tim Hauser, Laurel Massé, Alan Paul, and Janis Siegel, and the first to establish the sound and style for which the group would become known. It was released on April 2, 1975, by Atlantic Records and was produced by Ahmet Ertegün and Tim Hauser.

This incarnation of the group had been together for three years before this album was released. Ertegün, founder and chairman of Atlantic, attended one of their performances at the New York City cabaret Reno Sweeney. He offered them a contract, which they accepted.
South Brisbane railway station
South Brisbane railway station is a heritage-listed railway station at 133 Grey Street, South Brisbane, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is one of two stations serving the South Brisbane area, the other being South Bank. It was built from 1891 to 1918, making it the second oldest railway station in central Brisbane. It is also known as Cultural Centre Station, Melbourne Street Station, and South Brisbane (Interstate) Station. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Gold Coast railway line
The Gold Coast railway line is an interurban railway line operated by Queensland Rail in Queensland, Australia, connecting Brisbane with the Gold Coast. The line has 17 stations. In 2021, a journey from Central station to the terminus of this line was scheduled to take 1 hour 23 minutes. There are plans for several new stations along the existing line, as well as an extension south.

The line ran to Tweed Heads in the early 1900s until the 1960s. A new Gold Coast railway opened in 1996 with an extension to Varsity Lakes opened in 2009. In December 2017 the G:link light rail services connected to the line at Helensvale station. Duplication of the line progressed in stages.
Dashiwo
Dashiwo Town (Chinese: 大石窝镇; pinyin: Dàshíwō Zhèn) is a town situated on the south side of Fangshan District, Beijing, China. It shares a border with Hanghecun and Changgou Towns in its east, Dongxianpo Village in its south, and Zhangfang Town in its northwest. As of 2020, the town had a census population of 31,000.

Fangshan, Beijing
Fangshan District (Chinese: 房山区; pinyin: Fángshān Qū) is a district of the city of Beijing. It is situated in the southwest of Beijing, 38 km (24 mi) away from downtown Beijing. It has an area of 2,019 square kilometres (780 sq mi) and a population of 1,312,778 (2020 Census).

The district administers 8 subdistricts, 14 towns, and 6 townships.
Naganishia vishniacii
Naganishia vishniacii is an extremophile fungus originally isolated as a yeast from soil samples in the dry valleys of Antarctica. The species grows at 4 degrees Celsius and below but not at 26 degrees Celsius and above. Visually it is characterized as a cream mass in culture. It is nonfermentative and assimilates glucose, maltose, melezitose, trehalose, and xylose. Molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, shows that the species does not belong in the Cryptococcaceae.

A yeast was described as Cryptococcus socialis in a 1985 paper by Helen S. Vishniac, together with C. consortionalis. A 2012 study mentions that both species were folded into C. vishniacii, together with C. lupi.

Cryptococcaceae
The Cryptococcaceae (from Ancient Greek κρυπτός (kruptós), meaning "hidden", and κόκκος (kókkos), meaning "grain") are a family of fungi in the order Tremellales. The family currently contains two genera. Some species produce filamentous, sexual states with distinctive basidia and are parasites of other fungi. Most, however, are only known from their yeast states. Several species of Cryptococcus are human pathogens.
NGC 5266
NGC 5266 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Centaurus. It's classified as a type E-S0 galaxy. It was first discovered in 1834 by astronomer John Herschel. The galaxy's radial velocity, relative to the cosmic microwave background is measured at around 3230 ± 17 km/s, corresponding to a Hubble distance of around 47.64 ± 3.35 MPC.

Centaurus
Centaurus (/sɛnˈtɔːrəs, -ˈtɑːr-/ sen-TOR-əss, -⁠TAR-) is a bright constellation in the southern sky. One of the largest constellations, Centaurus was included among the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations. In Greek mythology, Centaurus represents a centaur; a creature that is half human, half horse (another constellation named after a centaur is one from the zodiac: Sagittarius). Notable stars include Alpha Centauri, the nearest star system to the Solar System, its neighbour in the sky Beta Centauri, and HR 5171, one of the largest stars yet discovered. The constellation also contains Omega Centauri, the brightest globular cluster as visible from Earth and the largest identified in the Milky Way, possibly a remnant of a dwarf galaxy.
APM series directional fragmentation mines
The APM-1, APM-2, APM-3, APM 19, and APM 29 are Austrian directional fragmentation mines similar to the United States Claymore mine. The mine's cases are made from moulded plastic and have convex faces. They contain a matrix of 5 millimeter diameter steel balls weighing 0.5 gram laid over a Composition B charge. When triggered the mines project the fragments in a horizontal arc of approximately 60 degrees.

The mines were not produced in numerical order—the APM-3 was superseded by the APM-2. The APM-1 is the smallest of the mines; it uses a tripod mounting with a pan and tilt head. The APM-2 uses two scissor type legs to position.

The mines can be command or tripwire activated, and can be fitted with a time delay fuze ranging from one minute to twenty-four hours.

Production of the APM-1 and APM-2 ceased in 1980s, though both have been reported as used in Angola.

Anti-personnel mine
An anti-personnel mine or anti-personnel landmine (APL) is a form of mine designed for use against humans, as opposed to an anti-tank mine, which target vehicles. APLs are classified into: blast mines and fragmentation mines; the latter may or may not be a bounding mine.

APLs are often designed to injure and maim, not kill, their victims to overwhelm the logistical (mostly medical) support system of enemy forces that encounter them. Some types of APLs can also damage the tracks on armoured vehicles or the tires of wheeled vehicles.

The International Campaign to Ban Landmines has sought to ban mines and destroy stockpile. For this purpose, it introduced in 1997 the Ottawa Treaty, which has not yet been accepted by over 30 states and has not guaranteed the protection of citizens against APLs planted by non-state armed groups.
Dilworth's theorem
In mathematics, in the areas of order theory and combinatorics, Dilworth's theorem states that, in any finite partially ordered set, the maximum size of an antichain of incomparable elements equals the minimum number of chains needed to cover all elements. This number is called the width of the partial order. The theorem is named for the mathematician Robert P. Dilworth, who published it in 1950.

A version of the theorem for infinite partially ordered sets states that, when there exists a decomposition into finitely many chains, or when there exists a finite upper bound on the size of an antichain, the sizes of the largest antichain and of the smallest chain decomposition are again equal.

Order theory
Order theory is a branch of mathematics that investigates the intuitive notion of order using binary relations. It provides a formal framework for describing statements such as "this is less than that" or "this precedes that".