hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
City of Wollongong
The City of Wollongong is a local government area in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. The area is situated adjacent to the Tasman Sea, the Princes Motorway and the Illawarra railway line.

Located 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Sydney, the City of Wollongong covers 684 square kilometres (264 sq mi) and occupies a narrow coastal strip bordered by the Royal National Park to the north, Lake Illawarra to the south, the Tasman Sea to the east and the Illawarra escarpment to the west.

Councillor Tania Brown was elected as Lord Mayor of the City of Wollongong in the New South Wales local government elections, held in September 2024.

Princes Motorway
Princes Motorway is a 62-kilometre (39 mi) predominantly dual carriage untolled motorway that links Sydney to Wollongong and further south through the Illawarra region to Oak Flats. Part of the Australian Highway 1 network, the motorway is designated route M1.

The motorway is sometimes known by its previous signposting F6 (Freeway Route 6) and its previous name Southern Freeway, which applied to the sections between Waterfall and Bulli Tops as well as Gwynneville and Yallah. The section between Bulli Tops and Gwynneville was known as Mount Ousley Road, and was first built as a defence route and later upgraded to dual carriageway standards.

It is the backbone of road traffic in the Illawarra. As Wollongong and Port Kembla are important industrial centres, freight traffic is heavy. Despite the current decline of the local steel industry, emergence of Wollongong as a commuter city of Sydney has kept the motorway busy.
Gudivada Assembly constituency
Gudivada Assembly constituency is a constituency in Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Machilipatnam Lok Sabha constituency.

Venigandla Ramu is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 208,305 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).

Krishna district
Krishna district is a district in the Coastal Andhra region in Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, with Machilipatnam as its administrative headquarters. It is surrounded on the East by Bay of Bengal, West by Guntur, Bapatla and North by Eluru and NTR districts and South again by Bay of Bengal.
Norman Island (Victoria)
Norman Island, an oceanic island, is located approximately 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of Picnic Point, Wilsons Promontory in Victoria, Australia.

The island, to the mean low-water mark, is part of the Wilsons Promontory National Park and is proclaimed as a Remote and Natural Area under the National Parks Act.  The surrounding waters to a distance of 300 m from the mean low-water mark are part of Wilsons Promontory Marine Park.: 1    The island is part of the Wilsons Promontory Islands Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance for breeding seabirds.

The island is named after Captain William Henry Norman, who brought Sir Charles Hotham to Melbourne in Queen of the South in 1854, and later served as commander of HMVS Victoria.

Wilsons Promontory National Park
The Wilsons Promontory National Park, commonly known as Wilsons Prom or The Prom, is a national park in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia, located approximately 157 kilometres (98 mi) southeast of Melbourne.

The 50,500-hectare (125,000-acre) national park is the southernmost national park on mainland Australia, known for its rainforests, beaches and abundant wildlife. The national park covers the southern portion of Wilsons Promontory, a peninsula containing South Point, the southernmost point on the Australian mainland, and a number of islands. A lighthouse on the south-east corner of the peninsula is the southernmost lighthouse on mainland Australia and has operated continuously since 1859.

The Park is highly popular with bushwalkers and campers, and has a number of lodges and serviced camping near the mouth of Tidal River as well as a number of hike-in camping areas catering for bushwalkers.
Conductor (ring theory)
In ring theory, a branch of mathematics, the conductor is a measurement of how far apart a commutative ring and an extension ring are.  Most often, the larger ring is a domain integrally closed in its field of fractions, and then the conductor measures the failure of the smaller ring to be integrally closed.

The conductor is of great importance in the study of non-maximal orders in the ring of integers of an algebraic number field.  One interpretation of the conductor is that it measures the failure of unique factorization into prime ideals.

Domain (ring theory)
In algebra, a domain is a nonzero ring in which ab = 0 implies a = 0 or b = 0. (Sometimes such a ring is said to "have the zero-product property".) Equivalently, a domain is a ring in which 0 is the only left zero divisor (or equivalently, the only right zero divisor).   A commutative domain is called an integral domain.  Mathematical literature contains multiple variants of the definition of "domain".
Girls' Generation's Phantasia
Girls' Generation's Phantasia was the fourth concert tour headlined by South Korean girl group Girls' Generation, in support of their fifth studio album Lion Heart (2015). The tour was officially announced in October 2015, began on November 21, 2015, and concluded on May 8, 2016, consisting of 13 shows. The tour was their first and, currently, the only tour for the group as an 8-member girl group.

SM Entertainment
SM Entertainment Co., Ltd. (Korean: SM엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment agency established in 1995 by Lee Soo-man. It is one of South Korea's largest entertainment companies and has been responsible for fostering and popularizing the careers of many K-pop stars garnering huge global fanbases. The company operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house. SM Entertainment is known for having led the worldwide K-pop phenomenon and the musical side of "Hallyu", also known as the "Korean Wave", with early overseas successes such as H.O.T., S.E.S., and BoA.

The label currently represents K-pop artists such as Kangta, TVXQ, Super Junior, Girls' Generation, Shinee, Exo, Red Velvet, NCT, Aespa, Riize, Naevis, and Hearts2Hearts.
Isabel Abedi
Isabel Nasrin Abedi (born March 3, 1967) is a German-Iranian writer of children's and young adult books, copywriter, and translator, best known for her German Youth Book Prize-winning novel Whisper, and her Lola series.

Copywriting
Copywriting is the act or occupation of writing text for the purpose of advertising or other forms of marketing. Copywriting is aimed at selling products or services. The product, called copy or sales copy, is written content that aims to increase brand awareness and ultimately persuade a person or group to take a particular action.

Copywriters help to create billboards, brochures, catalogs, jingle lyrics, magazine and newspaper advertisements, sales letters and other direct mail, scripts for television or radio commercials, taglines, white papers, website and social media posts, pay-per-click, and other marketing communications. Copywriters aim to cater to the target audience's expectations while keeping the content and copy fresh, relevant, and effective.
Lego Masters (Australian TV series) season 6
The sixth season of Australian reality television series Lego Masters, titled Lego Masters Australia vs The World, began airing on 14 April 2024. Unlike previous series’, four new Australian teams have gone up against four international teams who have competed in their own countries. Hamish Blake returned as host along with Ryan "The Brickman" McNaught as judge. The eight teams battle it out to win the title of Australia's LEGO Master and a prize of $100,000.

Lego Masters (Australian TV series)
Lego Masters is an Australian reality television show based on the British series of the same name in which teams compete to build the best Lego project. It is hosted by Hamish Blake and judged by Lego designer Ryan "The Brickman" McNaught. The series premiered on 28 April 2019 on Nine Network.

The programme produced by Endemol Shine won a Realscreen award for Best Competition in 2020, beating out such game shows as Celebrity Family Feud, Hollywood Game Night and Deal or No Deal, and joining the Eureka Productions produced series Holey Moley as an Australian award-winning production in the US.
Wharf of Widows
Wharf of Widows (Vietnamese: Bến không chồng, German: Das Ufer der Frauen ohne Männer) is a 2001 Vietnamese drama film directed by Lưu Trọng Ninh, starring Lưu, Thúy Hà, Minh Châu and Như Quỳnh. It was adapted from the novel of the same name by Vietnamese writer Dương Hướng. The film had its world premiere in the Forum section at the 51st Berlin International Film Festival in 2001, where it was awarded NETPAC Award - Special Mention. At the 13th Vietnam Film Festival held in December 2001, the film won the Silver Lotus Award.

13th Vietnam Film Festival
The 13th Vietnam Film Festival was held from December 6 to December 9, 2001 in Vinh City, Nghệ An Province, Vietnam, with the slogan: "For an advanced Vietnam cinema imbued with national identity" (Vietnamese: "Vì một nền điện ảnh Việt Nam tiên tiến, đậm đà bản sắc dân tộc").
Milkwall
Milkwall is a village in the Forest of Dean in Gloucestershire, England.  It lies between the village of Sling to the south, and the town of Coleford to the north. Milkwall, strictly speaking, lies South of Station Rd in the parish of West Dean, whereas Tufthorn is North of Station Rd in the parish of Coleford.

Near Milkwall is Perrygrove Railway – a private heritage railway, and Puzzlewood – an ancient woodland site.

Puzzlewood
Puzzlewood (grid reference SO578092) is an ancient woodland site and tourist attraction, near Coleford in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire, England.  The site, covering 14 acres (5.7 ha), shows evidence of open-cast iron ore mining dating from the Roman period, and possibly earlier.

Over a mile of pathways were laid down in the early 19th century to provide access to the woods, and provide picturesque walks. The area contains strange rock formations, secret caves and ancient trees, with a confusing maze of paths.

The site is listed as a regionally important geological site in the 'Forest of Dean Local Plan Review'.
2018 Pingshan Open
The 2018 Pingshan Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fifth (ATP) and fourth (ITF) editions of the tournament and part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2018 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Shenzhen, China between 12 and 18 March 2018.

2018 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2018, was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2018 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 159 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $50,000 up to $150,000. It was the 41st edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 10th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Pathophysiology of asthma
Asthma is a common pulmonary condition defined by chronic inflammation of respiratory tubes, tightening of respiratory smooth muscle, and episodes of bronchoconstriction. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that 1 in 11 children and 1 in 12 adults have asthma in the United States of America. According to the World Health Organization, asthma affects 235 million people worldwide. There are two major categories of asthma: allergic and non-allergic. The focus of this article will be allergic asthma. In both cases, bronchoconstriction is prominent.

Bronchiole
The bronchioles (/ˈbrɑːŋkioʊls/ BRONG-kee-ohls) are the smaller branches of the bronchial airways in the lower respiratory tract. They include the terminal bronchioles, and finally the respiratory bronchioles that mark the start of the respiratory zone delivering air to the gas exchanging units of the alveoli. The bronchioles no longer contain the cartilage that is found in the bronchi, or glands in their submucosa.
Gert
Gert is a mainly masculine given name (sometimes a short form of Gerrit, Gerard, etc.), with some female bearers (short for Gertrude).

Since 1993 no one in Sweden has been baptised as Gert according to the Swedish Bureau of Census, so the name is becoming increasingly rare. In 2010 around 12,000 in Sweden had the name as their first name according to the same source. Gert is most common in Sweden among men over 50 years of age. Around 400 women in Sweden have Gert as their first name according to the Swedish Bureau of Census.

Hypocorism
A hypocorism (/haɪˈpɒkərɪzəm/ hy-POK-ər-iz-əm or /ˌhaɪpəˈkɒrɪzəm/ HY-pə-KORR-iz-əm; from Ancient Greek ὑποκόρισμα hypokórisma; sometimes also hypocoristic), or pet name, is a name used to show affection for a person. It may be a diminutive form of a person's name, such as Izzy for Isabel or Bob for Robert, or it may be unrelated.
Spodnje Jelenje
Spodnje Jelenje (pronounced [ˈspoːdnjɛ jɛˈleːnjɛ]; in older sources also Dolenje Jelenje, German: Unterjeline) is a small settlement northwest of Dole pri Litiji in the Municipality of Litija in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

Dole pri Litiji
Dole pri Litiji (pronounced [ˈdoːlɛ pɾi liˈtiːji]; German: Mariathal) is a village in the Municipality of Litija in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region; until January 2014 the municipality was part of the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
No Holds Barred (1952 film)
For the 1989 film of the same name starring Hulk Hogan, see No Holds Barred (1989 film).

No Holds Barred is a 1952 American comedy film directed by William Beaudine and starring The Bowery Boys, Marjorie Reynolds and Leonard Penn. The film was released on November 23, 1952, by Monogram Pictures and is the twenty-eighth film in the series.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Cadgwith
Cadgwith (Cornish: Porthkajwydh, meaning cove of the thicket) is a village and fishing port in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is on the Lizard Peninsula between The Lizard and Coverack. It is in the civil parish of Grade Ruan.

Cornish pilot gig
The Cornish pilot gig is a six-oar rowing boat, clinker-built of Cornish narrow-leaf elm, 32 feet (9.8 m) long with a beam of 4 feet 10 inches (1.47 m). It is recognised as one of the first shore-based lifeboats that went to vessels in distress, with the earliest recorded rescues dating to the late 17th century. The original purpose of the Cornish pilot gig was as a general work boat, and the craft was used as a pilot boat, taking pilots out to incoming vessels off the Atlantic Coast. At the time, pilots would compete with each other for work; the gig crew who got their pilot on board a vessel first would get the job, and hence the payment.: 221

There is a World Pilot Gig championship held in the Isles of Scilly each year at the beginning of May.
Opel GTC
The Opel Gran Turismo Coupé Concept, abbreviated as Opel GTC Concept, is a concept car that was manufactured by Opel and designed to be a coupé version of the Opel Vectra C. The GTC premiered at the 77th Geneva Motor Show in 2007. The Opel GTC is a grand tourer.

Grand tourer
A grand tourer (GT) is a type of car that is designed for high speed, long-distance driving with luxury specifications. The most common format is a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive two-door coupé with either a two-seat or a 2+2 arrangement. Grand tourers are often the coupé derivative of luxury saloons or sedans. Some models, such as the Ferrari 250 GT, Jaguar E-Type, and Aston Martin DB5, are considered classic examples of gran turismo cars.

The term is a near-calque from the Italian language phrase gran turismo, which became popular in the English language in the 1950s, evolving from fast touring cars and streamlined closed sports cars during the 1930s.
Intelligent disobedience
Intelligent disobedience occurs where a service animal trained to help a disabled person goes directly against the owner's instructions in an effort to make a better decision. This behavior is a part of the dog's training and is central to a service animal's success on the job. The concept of intelligent disobedience has been in use and a common part of service animals' training since at least 1936.

Service animal
Service animals are working animals that have been trained to perform tasks that assist disabled people.  Service animals may also be referred to as assistance animals or helper animals depending on the country and the animal's function.  Dogs are the most common service animals, having assisted people since at least 1927.

Various definitions exist for a service animal. Various laws and policies may define service animal more expansively, but they often do not include or specially accommodate emotional support animals, comfort animals, or therapy dogs.

Regulations regarding service animals vary by region. For example, in Japan, regulations outline standards of training and certification for service animals. In the United States, only dogs are recognized as service animals; they are generally allowed in areas of public accommodation, even where pets are otherwise forbidden.
Battle of Río San Gabriel
The Battle of Río San Gabriel was fought on 8 January 1847 during the California campaign of the Mexican–American War. It took place at a ford of the San Gabriel River, at what are today parts of the cities of Whittier, Pico Rivera and Montebello, about ten miles south-east of downtown Los Angeles.

Whittier, California
Whittier (/ˈhwɪtiər/) is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Part of the Gateway Cities, the 14.7-square-mile (38.0 km2) city had 87,306 residents as of the 2020 United States census. Whittier was incorporated in February 1898 and became a charter city in 1955. The city is named for the Quaker poet John Greenleaf Whittier and is home to Whittier College. The city is surrounded by four unincorporated areas sharing the Whittier name, West Whittier-Los Nietos, North Whittier, South Whittier, and East Whittier, which combined are home to a larger population than Whittier proper.
Song gui
The Song gui (Chinese: 頌簋; Pinyin: Sòng guǐ) is a Chinese ritual bronze Gui from the Western Zhou dynasty (1046–771 BC). Acquired in 1952 by the Yale University Art Gallery, it was the gift of art dealer and Yale University alumnus Wilson P. Foss Jr.

The gui served as a sacrificial vessel for Chinese ancestral worship, holding cooked grain like millet. On the interior, a 152 character inscription describes a royal court appointment by King Xuan of Zhou to the namesake official of the bronze, Song (頌).

Part of the set of a series of bronzes, the Song gui is provides insight into Western Zhou administration beyond the scope and historiography of bamboo slip texts.

Yale University Art Gallery
The Yale University Art Gallery (YUAG) is an  art museum in New Haven, Connecticut. It houses a major encyclopedic collection of art in several interconnected buildings on the campus of Yale University. Although it embraces all cultures and periods, the gallery emphasizes early Italian Renaissance painting, African sculpture, and modern art. It is the oldest university art museum in the Western Hemisphere.
Results of the 2024 Victorian local elections in Inner Melbourne
This is a list of results for the 2024 Victorian local elections in the Inner Melbourne region.

Inner Melbourne covers three local government areas (LGAs) − Melbourne City Council, Port Phillip City Council, and Yarra City Council.

Local Government Act 2020
The Local Government Act 2020 was a significant statute in Victoria, Australia, notable for its impact on the electoral systems of local councils in Victoria. The act, which the Victorian Government described as the "most ambitious and comprehensive reform of local government in Victoria for 30 years," saw a large number of multi-member wards replaced with single-member wards.

Reviews were undertaken for the number of councillors, number of councillors per ward and the exact boundaries of those wards for 39 of Victoria's 79 councils.

The act was introduced on 17 June 2019 by the then-Minister for Local Government, Adem Somyurek. It passed parliament on 17 March 2020, and received royal assent days later on 24 March.

The act has been criticised for its removal of proportional representation for most councils, and the consequential likely negative impact on the ability for women and minority groups to be elected.
Robert Mant
Robert Mullins Mant (19 March 1786 – 9 April 1834) was an Anglican priest in Ireland during the nineteenth century.

The son of the Rev Richard Mant, Rector of All Saints' Church, Southampton, he was educated at Christ's College, Cambridge. He held incumbencies at Killodiernan, Billy and Terryglass. He was Precentor of Lisburn Cathedral from 1824 to 1828; and Archdeacon of Down from 1828. until his death.

Archdeacon of Down
The Archdeacon of Down is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Down and Dromore (in the Church of Ireland), formerly (in the Church of Ireland) the Diocese of Down, Connor and Dromore, formerly (but currently in the Catholic Church) the Diocese of Down and Connor, formerly the Diocese of Down.  The archdeacon is responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the diocese. The archdeaconry can trace its history back to Bernard who held the office in 1268. David McClay, who was elected Bishop of Down and Dromore on 4 November 2019.  appointed Jim Cheshire October 2023 for the Down congregations.
Finnish national road 29
Finnish national road 29 (Finnish: Valtatie 29; Swedish: Riksväg 29) is a highway in Finland between Keminmaa and Tornio. The road is part of the European route E8, except for the one kilometer section between the national boundary and the intersection with highway 21, where the road is part of the European route E4.

European route E4
European route E4 passes from north to south through Sweden from the border with Finland, with a total length of 1,590 kilometres (990 mi). The Finnish part lies entirely within Tornio in northern Finland, and is only 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) long. The Swedish part traverses most of Sweden except the extreme north and the west coast region, and is commonly considered the highway backbone of Sweden, since it passes in the vicinity of many of its largest cities and through the capital Stockholm. In particular, it is the mainline road used by most vehicle traffic, both cars and lorries, between the north (Norrland) and south of Sweden or beyond.

From Haparanda on the Finnish border, it stretches south along the Gulf of Bothnia to Gävle, then on a more inland route southwards. It ends in Helsingborg in Sweden, at the port for the ferry to Helsingør in Denmark. The route intersects with European route E6 just outside Helsingborg, which continues to Trelleborg on the southern coast of Sweden.