hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ashgate, Derbyshire
Ashgate is an area in northeast Derbyshire, England, west of the town of Chesterfield.

The Woodside public house enjoys a prime location at the top of Ashgate hill. There is a wood that runs on from this roundabout, leading to Ashgate Hospice. Following along the route is the village of Old Brampton. The Ashgate area is adjacent to the districts of Brampton, Old Brampton and the town centre itself.

Chesterfield, Derbyshire
Chesterfield is a market and industrial town in the county of Derbyshire, England. It is 24 miles (39 km) north of Derby and 11 miles (18 km) south of Sheffield at the confluence of the Rivers Rother and Hipper. In 2011, the built-up-area subdivision had a population of 88,483, making it the second-largest settlement in Derbyshire, after Derby. The wider Borough of Chesterfield had a population of 103,569 in the 2021 Census. In 2021, the town itself had a population of 76,402.

It has been traced to a transitory Roman fort dated to approximately AD 80-100. The name of the later Anglo-Saxon village comes from the Old English ceaster (Roman fort) and feld (pasture). It has a sizeable street market three days a week. The town sits on an old coalfield, but little visual evidence of mining remains since the closure of the final town centre mine nicknamed “The Green Room”. The main landmark is the crooked spire of the Church of St Mary and All Saints.
Barberton Greenstone Belt
The Barberton Greenstone Belt is a geologic formation situated on the eastern edge of the Kaapvaal craton in South Africa. It is known for its gold mineralisation and for its komatiites, an unusual type of ultramafic volcanic rock named after the Komati River that flows through the belt. Some of the oldest exposed rocks on Earth (greater than 3.6 Ga) are located in the Barberton Greenstone Belt of the Eswatini–Barberton areas and these contain some of the oldest traces of life on Earth, second only to the Isua Greenstone Belt of Western Greenland. The Makhonjwa Mountains make up 40% of the Baberton belt. It is named after the town Barberton, Mpumalanga.

Isua Greenstone Belt
The Isua Greenstone Belt is an Archean greenstone belt in southwestern Greenland, aged between 3.7 and 3.8 billion years. The belt contains variably metamorphosed mafic volcanic and sedimentary rocks, and is the largest exposure of Eoarchaean supracrustal rocks on Earth. Due to its age and low metamorphic grade  relative to many Eoarchaean rocks, the Isua Greenstone Belt has become a focus for investigations on the emergence of life and the style of tectonics that operated on the early Earth.
Xyleco
Xyleco is a privately held scientific research and manufacturing company in Wakefield, Massachusetts. Xyleco is developing a process to convert biomass into useful products, including cellulosic ethanol. The board of directors includes Steven Chu. Former US Secretary of State George Shultz was a board member until his death in February of 2021.  Employee reviews of Xyleco are mixed.  Some workers are extremely optimistic as the company grows, while other workers find management secretive and manipulative.

Xyleco's process involves using ionizing radiation from an electron particle accelerator to break apart cellulose molecules.  Accelerators are energy-intensive, but treatment times are short.

Biomass
Biomass is material produced by the growth of microorganisms, plants or animals. Beyond this general definition, there are differences in how the term is used and applied depending on industry or subject-matter norms. For example, it may be more narrowly defined as just plant matter, or as a combination of plant and animal matter.
U15 (Berlin U-Bahn)
The U15 was a line on the Berlin U-Bahn. Originally the U3 running between Wittenbergplatz and Uhlandstraße, it became a branch of the U1 in 1993 as part of the reorganisation of the network following the reopening of the U2.

On December 12, 2004, it was renumbered as the U1.

U2 (Berlin U-Bahn)
U2 is a line of the Berlin U-Bahn. The U2 line starts at Pankow S-Bahn station, runs through the eastern city centre (Alexanderplatz) to Potsdamer Platz, the western city centre (Wittenbergplatz, Zoologischer Garten, Theodor-Heuss Platz) and finally to the Ruhleben terminal station.

The U2 has 29 stations and a length of 20.7 kilometers (12.9 mi). Together with the U1, U3, and U4 lines, it was part of the early Berlin U-Bahn network built before 1914. The line between Potsdamer Platz and Zoologischer Garten was the western section of the "stem line" (Stammstrecke), Berlin's first U-Bahn line opened in 1902.
Frederick W. Horn
Frederick William Horn (August 21, 1815 – January 15, 1893) was a German-American immigrant, lawyer, politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He served in many elected offices; he was the 4th, 7th, & 25th speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly, and served a total of 14 years in the Assembly.  He also served five years in the Wisconsin State Senate—including the first three sessions after statehood—and was the first mayor of Cedarburg, Wisconsin, serving seven years in that role.  He generally identified as a Democrat, but was elected several times as an Independent.

Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly
The Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly is the presiding officer of the Wisconsin State Assembly, the lower house of the Wisconsin Legislature.  Article IV of the Constitution of Wisconsin, ratified in 1848, establishes the legislature and specifies the election of officers.  The role and responsibilities of the speaker are defined in the Assembly Rules, originally in Rule 1, and also, under the present rules, Rule 3.
Janette Husárová
Janette Husárová (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈɦusaːrɔʋaː]; born 4 June 1974) is a Slovak former tennis player.

On 13 January 2003, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 31. On 21 April 2003, she peaked at No. 3 in the doubles rankings.

She won the WTA Tour Championships women's doubles title in 2002, partnering with Elena Dementieva. With Dementieva, she reached the final of US Open doubles competition in the same year, losing to Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez.

Playing for Slovakia Fed Cup team, Husárová has a win–loss record of 17–12.
Together with Daniela Hantuchová, she was a member of the Slovak team winning the Fed Cup in 2002.

In her career, Husárová won 25 doubles titles on the WTA Tour, including the season-ending WTA Championships and three Tier I tournaments (Berlin, Moscow (2002) and Tokyo (2005)), as well as four singles and 16 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

In February 2016, Husárová announced her retirement from professional tennis.

Paola Suárez
Paola Suárez (Latin American Spanish: [paˈola ˈswaɾes]; born 23 June 1976) is a retired tennis player from Argentina. She was one of the most prominent women's doubles players throughout the early and mid-2000s, winning eight Grand Slam titles, all of them with Virginia Ruano Pascual, and holding the No. 1 doubles ranking for 87 non-consecutive weeks. She was also a singles top ten player and semifinalist at the 2004 French Open.
Yuraq Q'asa (Canchis-Quispicanchi)
Yuraq Q'asa (Quechua yuraq white, q'asa mountain pass, "white mountain pass", Hispanicized spelling Yuracjasa) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It lies in the Cusco Region, Canchis Province, Pitumarca District, and in the Quispicanchi Province, Cusipata District. Yuraq Q'asa is situated south of the mountain Ch'aqu, west of the mountain Chachakumayuq and north-east of the mountain Tiklla Q'asa.

Chachacomayoc
Chachacomayoc (possibly from Quechua chachakuma a medical plant, "the one with the chachakuma plant) is a mountain in the Vilcanota mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,100 metres (16,732 ft) high. It is situated in the Cusco Region, Canchis Province, Pitumarca District, and in the Quispicanchi Province, Cusipata District. Chachacomayoc lies southwest of  Huasacocha, Jatunrritioc and Yaritani and west of Allcamarina.
Giorgio Giacomelli
Giorgio Giacomelli (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdʒordʒo dʒakoˈmɛlli]; 25 January 1930 – 8 February 2017) was an Italian diplomat who represented Italy as ambassador to Somalia and Syria. He was UNRWA's Commissioner-General from 1985 to 1991 and UN Special Rapporteur on the occupied Palestinian territories from 1999 to 2001.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Italy)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Italian: Ministero degli affari esteri e della cooperazione internazionale or MAECI) is the foreign ministry of the government of the Italian Republic. It is also known as the Farnesina as a metonym from its headquarters, the Palazzo della Farnesina in Rome. The current Minister of Foreign Affairs is Antonio Tajani.
Treason Act 1746
The Treason Act 1746 (20 Geo. 2. c. 30) was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain. The long title is "An Act for allowing Persons impeached of High Treason, whereby any Corruption of Blood may be made, or for Misprision of such Treason, to make their full Defence by Council."

The act commenced on 1 June 1747. It entitled anyone impeached by the House of Commons on a charge of high treason or misprision of treason to be defended by up to two "council learned in the law".

The whole act was repealed on 1 January 1968 for England and Wales by section 10(2) of, and part I of schedule 3 to, the Criminal Law Act 1967. It was repealed for the rest of the United Kingdom on 18 July 1973 by section 1(1) of, and part V of schedule 1 to, the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1973.

Criminal Law Act 1967
The Criminal Law Act 1967 (c. 58) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that made some major changes to English criminal law, as part of wider liberal reforms by the Labour government elected in 1966. Most of it is still in force.
The Yiddishers
The Yiddishers were a London street gang based in Whitechapel led by Alfred Solomon. One of their more famous members was future mobster Jack Spot during the inter-war years. During the 1930s, they opposed the growing fascist movement in Great Britain and participated in an attack on members of the British Union of Fascists led by Sir Oswald Mosley, which became known as the Battle of Cable Street, on 4 October 1936.

Other gangs in London around the same period as the Yiddishers were the Jewish Aldgate Mob, Russian Jews Bessarabian Tigers, Bethnal Green Mob who were allies with the Hoxton Mob, Camden Town's Broad Mob, Elephant and Castle Mob, Islington Mob, Kings Cross Gang, Odessians, West End Boys and the Whitechapel Mob.

The fictional Peaky Blinders character Alfie Solomons, played by Tom Hardy, is based on Alfred Solomon, leader of the Yiddishers.

Hoxton Gang
The Hoxton Gang (or Hoxton Mob) was an independent street gang based in Soho, London, during the interwar years. They were one of several West End gangs which fought against Charles "Darby" Sabini and the "Italian Mob", specifically over control of gambling clubs or "spielers".
William G. Boykin
William Gerald "Jerry" Boykin (born April 19, 1948) is a retired American lieutenant general who was the United States Deputy Undersecretary of Defense for Intelligence under President George W. Bush from 2002 to 2007. During his 36-year career in the military he spent 13 years in the Delta Force and was involved in numerous high-profile missions, including the 1980 Iran hostage rescue attempt, the 1992 hunt for Pablo Escobar in Colombia, and the Black Hawk Down incident in Mogadishu, Somalia. He is an author and visiting professor at Hampden–Sydney College, Virginia.  He is currently executive vice-president at the Family Research Council.

Stephen Cambone
Stephen Anthony Cambone (born June 22, 1952) was the first United States Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence, a post created in March 2003.  Cambone first came to the attention of the public at large during the testimony of Major General Antonio Taguba before the U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee, where he disputed the General's statement that prison guards were under the effective control of military intelligence personnel and interrogators.  Cambone resigned at the beginning of 2007 and was replaced by James R. Clapper, Jr., former head of the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. Cambone was associated with the Project for the New American Century, participating in the study which resulted in the writing of the report Rebuilding America's Defenses.
2024 Salvador mayoral election
The 2024 Salvador municipal election took place in the city of Salvador, Brazil on 6 October 2024. Voters will elect a mayor, vice mayor, and 43 councillors. The incumbent mayor, Bruno Reis, of the Brazil Union (UNIÃO), is able to run for a second term.

If the most voted candidate on the first round doesn't achieve more than 50% of the votes, a second round will happen on 27 October 2024. The mayor's term will begin on 1 January 2025 and end on 31 December 2028.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
Football in the Turks and Caicos Islands
The sport of association football in the Turks and Caicos Islands is run by the Turks and Caicos Islands Football Association.

The association administers the national football team, as well as multiple league competitions in the islands. The top-level men's league is the Provo Premier League, which had seven teams in its 2024-2025 season. The islands also support youth leagues and a beach football league.

Turks and Caicos Islands Football Association
The Turks and Caicos Islands Football Association is the governing body of football in the Turks and Caicos Islands. They control the Turks and Caicos Islands national football team, the MFL League men's league, the Turks and Caicos FA Cup and the WFL League women's league.

Its current president is Sonia Bien-Aime, who replaced Christopher Bryan in 2014.
Robert Footes
Robert Footes (birthdate unknown) was a Negro league baseball catcher for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League.

He played for several years in Chicago for the Chicago Unions and Chicago Union Giants. During that time, he formed a battery with Big Bill Smith, Frank Butler, and Harry Buckner.

In 1903, Footes moved on to the Philadelphia Giants for a couple years.

Frank Butler (pitcher)
Frank Butler (1871 or 1872 – September 24, 1899) was an American baseball pitcher and outfielder in the pre-Negro leagues.

Butler played for the Chicago Union Giants for at least two years, coming from the same area as team owners Frank Leland and W.S. Peters.

He died of tuberculosis at the age of 27 in Chicago, Illinois on September 24, 1899. He is buried at Oak Woods Cemetery in Chicago.
Simians in Chinese culture
Simians, particularly macaques and monkey-like gibbons, have played significant roles in Chinese culture for over two thousand years. Some examples familiar to English speakers include the zodiacal Year of the Monkey, the Monkey King Sun Wukong in the novel Journey to the West, familiar from its TV version Monkey, and Monkey Kung Fu.

Monkeys are one of the smartest animals amongst the animal kingdom according to the Chinese culture.

Classic of Mountains and Seas
The Classic of Mountains and Seas, also known as Shanhai jing (Chinese: 山海经), formerly romanized as the Shan-hai Ching, is a Chinese classic text and a compilation of mythic geography and beasts. Early versions of the text may have existed since the 4th century BCE, but the present form was not reached until the early Han dynasty. It is largely a fabulous geographical and cultural account of pre-Qin China as well as a collection of Chinese mythology. The book is divided into eighteen sections; it describes over 550 mountains and 300 channels.
Kolmogorov population model
In biomathematics, the Kolmogorov population model, also known as the Kolmogorov equations in population dynamics, is a mathematical framework developed by Soviet mathematician Andrei Kolmogorov in 1936 that generalizes predator-prey interactions and population dynamics. The model was an improvement over earlier predator-prey models, notably the Lotka–Volterra equations, by incorporating more realistic biological assumptions and providing a qualitative analysis of population dynamics.

Population dynamics
Population dynamics is the type of mathematics used to model and study the size and age composition of populations as dynamical systems. Population dynamics is a branch of mathematical biology, and uses mathematical techniques such as differential equations to model behaviour. Population dynamics is also closely related to other mathematical biology fields such as epidemiology, and also uses techniques from evolutionary game theory in its modelling.
Sealdah Rajdhani Express
The 12313 / 12314 Sealdah–New Delhi Rajdhani Express is a Rajdhani class train of Indian Railways which connects the capital of West Bengal, Kolkata to the National Capital of India, New Delhi through Sealdah. It is the third Rajdhani Express class train connecting Delhi and Kolkata and is the second-fastest connection between these two cities by rail. It also receives the highest priority on its route.It is also famous for its dignity,and is popularly known as Queen of Eastern Railway.

Indian Railways coaching stock
Indian Railways coaching stock consists of various travel-classes of passenger coaches, freight wagons, and other specialised coaching stock for specific uses. The Indian Railways, which operates India's railway system, comes under the purview of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. As of 2022, it operates over 8,000 trains daily using an inventory of 84,863 passenger coaches and 318,196 freight wagons. The rolling stock is manufactured by five units owned by the Indian Railways, four public sector units, and one private company.
Taylor Flint
Taylor Jacklyn Flint (née Kornieck; born November 22, 1998) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Racing Louisville FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She previously played for San Diego Wave FC and the Orlando Pride. She was the third overall pick of the 2020 NWSL College Draft after playing for the Colorado Buffaloes. She debuted for the United States national team in 2022.

United Women's Soccer
United Women's Soccer (UWS) is a national pro-am women's soccer league in the United States. The league was founded in 2015 as a response to the dual problems of disorganization in the WPSL and of the folding of the original USL W-League. The league began play in May 2016 with eleven teams in two conferences. The first league currently has 25 teams in four conferences and second league currently has ten teams in a single conference.
Mibbit
Mibbit was a web-based client for web browsers that supports Internet Relay Chat (IRC), Yahoo! Messenger, and Twitter. It is developed by Jimmy Moore and is designed around the Ajax model with a user interface written in JavaScript. It was the IRC application setup by default on Firefox. Following an announcement on the website homepage, Mibbit shut down on August 30th, 2024.

Proxy server
In computer networking, a proxy server is a server application that acts as an intermediary between a client requesting a resource and the server then providing that resource.

Instead of connecting directly to a server that can fulfill a request for a resource, such as a file or web page, the client directs the request to the proxy server, which evaluates the request and performs the required network transactions. This serves as a method to simplify or control the complexity of the request, or provide additional benefits such as load balancing, privacy, or security. Proxies were devised to add structure and encapsulation to distributed systems. A proxy server thus functions on behalf of the client when requesting service, potentially masking the true origin of the request to the resource server.
Subud and religion
Subud literature rejects the suggestion that Subud is a religion, but rather describes it as "spiritual dancing". The difference between religion and spirituality is much debated. Subud is treated as a religious organisation in some countries, such as the UK, where it is registered as religious charity, but in other places, such as Indonesia, it is viewed by the government as an education organisation, since the government officially endorse only six religions, and religious conflicts between majority and minority are rife. It appears that Subud (along with numerous other groups with similar reservations) is forced because of conditions in some countries to register as a religion as there are no alternative categories offered for registration.

Subud
Subud (pronounced [ˈsʊbʊd]) is an international and interfaith spiritual movement that originated in Indonesia in the 1920s. It was founded by Muhammad Subuh Sumohadiwidjojo (1901–1987). The central practice of Subud is a spiritual exercise known as the latihan kejiwaan, which Muhammad Subuh described as receiving guidance from "the Power of God" or "the Great Life Force."

Subuh stated that Subud was neither a new teaching nor a religion. He suggested that, through the latihan, members could be guided towards a religion suited to them, such as Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, or Buddhism. While many Subud members believe that adherence to a religion may provide discipline that supports inner development, it is not considered a requirement for participation in Subud or the latihan.

As of 2023, Subud has groups in about 83 countries and an estimated worldwide membership of 10,000.
PADC Defiant
The PADC Defiant was a trainer and light attack aircraft formerly developed by the Philippine Aerospace Development Corporation to reduce dependence on second-hand aircraft for the Philippine Air Force.

Lycoming O-540
The Lycoming O-540 is a family of air-cooled six-cylinder, horizontally opposed fixed-wing aircraft and helicopter engines of 541.5 cubic inches (8.9 L) displacement, manufactured by Lycoming Engines. The engine is a six-cylinder version of the four-cylinder Lycoming O-360.
Active asteroid
Active asteroids are small Solar System bodies that have asteroid-like orbits but show comet-like visual characteristics. That is, they show a coma, tail, or other visual evidence of mass-loss (like a comet), but their orbits remain within Jupiter's orbit (like an asteroid). These bodies were originally designated main-belt comets (MBCs) in 2006 by astronomers David C. Jewitt and Henry Hsieh, but this name implies they are necessarily icy in composition like a comet and that they only exist within the main-belt, whereas the growing population of active asteroids shows that this is not always the case.

The first active asteroid discovered is 7968 Elst–Pizarro. It was discovered (as an asteroid) in 1979 but then was found to have a tail by Eric Elst and Guido Pizarro in 1996 and given the cometary designation 133P/Elst–Pizarro.

Small Solar System body
A small Solar System body (SSSB) is an object in the Solar System that is neither a planet, a dwarf planet, nor a natural satellite. The term was first defined in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) as follows: "All other objects, except satellites, orbiting the Sun shall be referred to collectively as 'Small Solar System Bodies'".

This encompasses all comets and all minor planets other than those that are dwarf planets. Thus SSSBs are: the comets; the classical asteroids, with the exception of the dwarf planet Ceres; the trojans; and the centaurs and trans-Neptunian objects, with the exception of the dwarf planets Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, Quaoar, Orcus, Sedna, Gonggong and Eris and others that may turn out to be dwarf planets.