hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Natal Native Contingent
The Natal Native Contingent was a large force of auxiliary soldiers in British South Africa, forming a substantial portion of the defence forces of the British colony of Natal. The Contingent saw action during the 1879 Anglo-Zulu War. The Natal Mounted Police was created in 1873 to bolster the defenses of Natal. It enlisted European officers, NCOs and natives. The infantry was created in 1878. Most enlisted troops were drawn from the Basuto and Mpondo tribes, which had had long experience fighting the Zulus.

Zulu people
Zulu people (/ˈzuːluː/; Zulu: amaZulu) are a native people of Southern Africa of the Nguni. The Zulu people are the largest ethnic group and nation in South Africa, living mainly in the province of KwaZulu-Natal.

They originated from Nguni communities who took part in the Bantu migrations over millennia. As the clans integrated, the rulership of Shaka brought success to the Zulu nation due to his improved military tactics and organization.

Zulus take pride in their ceremonies such as the Umhlanga, or Reed Dance, and their various forms of beadwork.

The art and skill of beadwork take part in the identification of Zulu people and act as a form of communication and dedication to the nation and specific traditions. Today, the Zulu people are predominantly Christian, but have created a syncretic religion that is combined with the Zulu's prior belief systems.
1911 All-America college football team
The 1911 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1911 college football season. The only selector for the 1911 season who has been recognized as "official" by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) is Walter Camp.  Many other sports writers, newspapers, coaches and others also selected All-America teams in 1911.  Others who selected All-Americans in 1911 include New York sports writer Wilton S. Farnsworth, The New York Globe, Minnesota coach Henry L. Williams, The Christian Science Monitor, former Yale stars Ted Coy and Charles Chadwick, and Baseball Magazine.

The Christian Science Monitor
The Christian Science Monitor (CSM), commonly known as The Monitor, is a nonprofit news organization that publishes daily articles both in electronic format and a weekly print edition. It was founded in 1908 as a daily newspaper by Mary Baker Eddy, founder of the new religious movement Christian Science, Church of Christ, Scientist.

Since its founding, the newspaper has been based in Boston. Over its existence, seven Monitor journalists have been awarded the Pulitzer Prize, including Edmund Stevens  (1950), John Hughes (1968), Howard James (1968), Robert Cahn (1969), Richard Strout (1978), David S. Rohde (1996), and Clay Bennett (2002).
Gianfranco Cassaro
Gianfranco "JoJo" Cassaro (born March 30, 1999) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenseman for the Florida Everblades of the ECHL. He previously played college hockey for the UMass Minutemen and the RIT Tigers, and was named a Second Team All-American in 2023–24.

Florida Everblades
The Florida Everblades are a professional minor league ice hockey team based in Estero, Florida, in the Cape Coral-Fort Myers metropolitan area. They play in the ECHL and are affiliated with the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Springfield Thunderbirds of the American Hockey League (AHL) since the 2024–25 ECHL season. Their home games are played at Hertz Arena.

The Everblades were founded in 1998. They play in the South Division of the Eastern Conference in the ECHL. They have failed to qualify for the playoffs just once in team history (2013–14) and have made seven appearances in the Kelly Cup finals, winning in 2012, 2022, 2023, and 2024; the latter three appearances constituted the first three-peat in ECHL history.
Clay Township, Pike County, Indiana
Clay Township is one of nine townships in Pike County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 325 and it contained 137 housing units.

As of the 2010 census, the United States Census Bureau reported that 2010 median center of population of the United States was in Clay Township, 7.1 miles (11.4 km) southwest of Petersburg.

Petersburg, Indiana
Petersburg is a city within Washington Township and the county seat of Pike County in the U.S. state of Indiana. The population was 2,304 at the 2020 census.

Petersburg is part of the Jasper Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Wak'ani (Potosí)
Wak'ani (Aymara wak'a girdle, -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with a girdle", hispanicized spelling Huacani) is a mountain in the Khari Khari mountain range in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the Potosí Department, Tomás Frías Province, east of Potosí. Wak'ani lies south and south-west of the mountains Khari Khari and Kimsa Waylla, north-west of the mountain Illimani and south-east of the Khari Khari Lakes.

Illimani (Potosí)
Illimani is a mountain in the Khari Khari mountain range of the Bolivian Andes, about 5,030 m (16,503 ft) high. It is situated south-east of Potosí in the Potosí Department, Tomás Frías Province, Potosí Municipality. Illimani lies south-west of the mountain Uma Jalanta, north-east of Challwiri Lake and north of Illimani Lake.
1991 Pacific Curling Championships
The 1991 Pacific Curling Championships was held at the Ginga Arena in Sagamihara, Japan from November 28 to 30. It was the first edition of the Pacific Curling Championship as it saw Australia and Japan win the men's and women's titles respectively.

Pacific-Asia Curling Championships
The Pacific-Asia Curling Championships (formerly the Pacific Curling Championships) were an annual curling tournament, held every year in November or December. The event served as a qualified for the World Curling Championships. The Pacific-Asia Curling Championships consisted of teams from Australia, China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and South Korea. At the 2018 WCF Congress it was announced that Nigeria would be the first African country accepted as member and would compete in the PAC zone beginning in 2019. Tournaments have been played in Canada, but Canada has never participated, since it is not part of the Pacific Zone.

The event was last held in 2021, and was replaced with the Pan Continental Curling Championships, which would include teams from the Americas as well.
SP70
SP70 (in German also Panzerhaubitze 70 or Panzerhaubitze 155-1) self-propelled gun was a scheme set up by several European nations including the UK, Germany and Italy beginning in 1973. The project was shelved in favour of the US M109, which was already in service. The SP70 was "outgunned" on several occasions by the M109 and further development was cancelled in the 1980s.

The role envisioned for the SP70, which was to replace the widely used U.S. M109 self-propelled howitzer, was ultimately fulfilled in UK service by the AS-90 ("Artillery system for the nineties"), another self-propelled 155 mm howitzer system, which was originally created by an independent team which had anticipated that the SP70 project would fail.

M109 howitzer
The M109, widely known as the Paladin, is an American 155 mm turreted self-propelled howitzer, first introduced in the early 1960s to replace the M44 and M52. It has been upgraded a number of times, most recently to the M109A7. The M109 family is the most common Western indirect-fire support weapon of maneuver brigades of armored and mechanized infantry divisions. It has a crew of four: the section chief/commander, the driver, the gunner, and the ammunition handler/loader.

The British Army replaced its M109s with the AS-90. Several European armed forces have or are currently replacing older M109s with the German PzH 2000. Upgrades to the M109 were introduced by the U.S. (see variants) and by Switzerland (KAWEST). With the cancellation of the U.S. Crusader, non-line-of-sight cannon and M1299, the M109A6 ("Paladin") will likely remain the principal self-propelled howitzer for the U.S. until a replacement enters service.
Coconut production in Sri Lanka
Coconut production contributes to the national economy of Sri Lanka. The scientific name of the coconut is Cocos nucifera. Sri Lanka there are three varieties, tall variety, dwarf variety and King coconut variety. According to figures published in December 2018 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, it is the world's fourth largest producer of coconuts, producing 2,623,000 tonnes in 2018.

King coconut
King coconut (Cocos nucifera var aurantiaca) is a  variety of coconut, native to Sri Lanka, where it is known as Thæmbili (Sinhala:  තැඹිලි) also found in India and Indonesia. It has less sugar content than other coconuts. There are several sub-varieties of the king coconut, the most common being the "red dwarf" (kaha thæmbili, commonly referred to as gon thæmbili). The other variety is "Ran Thæmbili", a smaller variety containing about forty nuts in a bunch. The king coconut tree is a shorter variety, and is commonly found growing wild in many areas of the country.

The king coconut water, the liquid endosperm of young coconuts, is a nutritious beverage rich in sugars (mainly reducing sugars), minerals (mainly K+), vitamins (mainly B & C) and amino acids.

Sri Lanka now exports packaged king coconut water in a variety of brands.
Kleinia galpinii
Kleinia galpinii is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Zimbabwe, Eswatini, and South Africa's KwaZulu-Natal and Northern Provinces. The species name commemorates E. E. Galpin. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit as a warm temperate greenhouse ornamental.

Northern Provinces
The Northern Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "TVL". It includes the South African provinces of Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Limpopo (Northern Province) and North West, together making up an area slightly larger than the former Transvaal Province.
2019 Antalya Open (pool)
The 2019 Antalya Open (also known as the 2019 Dynamic Billiard Antalya Open) was a professional nine-ball pool tournament held from 7 to 10 November 2019 in the Limak Atlantis Resort in Antalya, Turkey. The event was the sixth and final Euro Tour event of 2019, following the Klagenfurt Open. The men's event was won by Estonia's Denis Grabe, who won his third Tour win, defeating Eklent Kaçi 9–2. The women's event was won by Poland's Oliwia Zalewska, who won her first Tour event. She defeated Tina Vogelmann in the final 7–6.

Glossary of cue sports terms
The following is a glossary of traditional English-language terms used in the three overarching cue sports disciplines: carom billiards referring to the various carom games played on a billiard table without pockets; pool, which denotes a host of games played on a table with six pockets; and snooker, played on a large pocket table, and which has a sport culture unto itself distinct from pool. There are also games such as English billiards that include aspects of multiple disciplines.
Afrocarpus dawei
Afrocarpus dawei is a species of conifer in the family Podocarpaceae. It is native to Africa, where it occurs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and Uganda.

This species is a tree that grows in swampy forest habitat that is flooded in the rainy season. It is associated with Baikiaea insignis and Mimusops species.

A. dawei is found in the Minziro Forest of Tanzania and the adjacent Sango Bay forests of Uganda, located west of Lake Victoria. The Kagera River sustains swamp forests and a high groundwater table that supports evergreen lowland forests.

This tree is valuable as timber because it grows a long trunk without many branches. It is likely overharvested, one reason that it is considered to be a near-threatened species.

Near-threatened species
A near-threatened species is a species which has been categorized as "Near Threatened" (NT) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as that may be vulnerable to endangerment in the near future, but it does not currently qualify for the threatened status.

The IUCN notes the importance of reevaluating near-threatened taxa at appropriate intervals.

The rationale used for near-threatened taxa usually includes the criteria of vulnerable which are plausible or nearly met, such as reduction in numbers or range. Those designated since 2001 that depend on conservation efforts to not become threatened are no longer separately considered conservation-dependent species.
Rehat
Rehat (Punjabi: ਰਹਿਤ, alternatively transliterated as Rehit, Rahit, or Rahat) refers to the rules and traditions which govern the unique Sikh lifestyle and determines correct Sikh orthodoxy and orthopraxy. The Sikh Rehit Maryada (Punjabi: ਸਿੱਖ ਰਹਿਤ ਮਰਯਾਦਾ, Sikkh Rahit Maryādā; also transcribed as Sikh Reht Maryada or Khalsa Rehat Maryada) is a code of conduct and conventions for Sikhism. The final version of the Rehat Maryada was controversially approved by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee, Amritsar in 1945. The Rehat Maryada was created to provide guidance to Sikhs (and those desirous of embracing the Sikh faith) on practical and functional aspects of daily life, including the operations of Sikh Gurdwaras, and religious practices to foster cohesion throughout the community. Rehitnāma (meaning "epistles of conduct; plural: Rehitnāme) is a Punjabi term that refers to a genre of Sikh religious literature which expounds upon specifying an approved way of life for a Sikh.

W. H. McLeod
William Hewat McLeod (1932–2009; also Hew McLeod) was a New Zealand scholar who helped establish Sikh Studies as a distinctive field.

Considered to be the most prominent Western historian of Sikhism, his publications had introduced higher criticism to Sikh sources for the first time and influenced generations of scholars. However, his scholarship remains controversial among traditional Khalsa scholars, who accuse him of disrespecting the religion and argue that Sikhism can't be studied using Western methodologies.
2017 Levene Gouldin & Thompson Tennis Challenger
The 2017 Levene Gouldin & Thompson Tennis Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard court. It was the 24th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Binghamton, United States between 24 and 30 July 2017.

2017 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2017, was the secondary men's professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2017 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprises 155 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $50,000 up to $150,000. It was the 40th edition of the challenger tournaments cycle, and 9th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Andrei Bolibrukh
Andrei Andreevich Bolibrukh (Russian: Андрей Андреевич Болибрух) (30 January 1950 – 11 November 2003) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician. He was known for his work on ordinary differential equations especially Hilbert's twenty-first problem (Riemann–Hilbert problem). Bolibrukh was the author of about a hundred research articles on theory of ordinary differential equations including Riemann–Hilbert problem and Fuchsian system.

Riemann–Hilbert problem
In mathematics, Riemann–Hilbert problems, named after Bernhard Riemann and David Hilbert, are a class of problems that arise in the study of differential equations in the complex plane. Several existence theorems for Riemann–Hilbert problems have been produced by Mark Krein, Israel Gohberg and others.
Abdulnaser Slil
Abdulnaser Slil, also known as Abdul Nasser Slil, (Arabic: عبد الناصر صليل; born 2 September 1981) is a Libyan former footballer who played as a midfielder. He is a one-club player as he spent his entire club career with Libyan Premier League club Al-Ittihad Tripoli.

2007 CAF Champions League
The 2007 CAF Champions League was the 43rd occurrence of the CAF Champions League, the most prestigious club football competition in Africa. Étoile du Sahel of Tunisia became champions for the first time, beating Al Ahly SC of Egypt 3–1 in a two-legged final. Étoile du Sahel participated in the 2007 FIFA Club World Cup in Japan as the representative from CAF.
Associazione di Fondazioni e di Casse di Risparmio S.p.A.
Associazione di Fondazioni e di Casse di Risparmio Spa (Association of Foundations and Savings Banks JSCs) is an Italian banking association. The members were the savings banks (Italian: casse di risparmio or singular cassa di risparmio) of Italy, or the foundation that originate from the reform trigger by Legge Amato.

Banca delle Marche
Banca Adriatica S.p.A. trading as UBI Banca Adriatica and formerly known as Nuova Banca delle Marche S.p.A. was an Italian bank based in Jesi, Marche region. It has operations in several regions in central Italy, but concentrated in Marche region, which 73% of the branches were located in that region as of 2016. The bank was formed on 22 November 2015 by the spin off of the good assets of the original Banca delle Marche S.p.A..

Banca delle Marche was formed in 1994 by the merger of the savings banks of Marche region. The bank faced capital shortfall and was nationalized by Italian National Resolution Fund in 2015 as Nuova Banca delle Marche, with toxic assets of the bank was spin off from the new legal person. The bank was bought by UBI Banca on 18 January 2017 for a nominal fee, renaming to Banca Adriatica. In the same year it was merged into UBI Banca.
Eucalyptus elaeophloia
Eucalyptus elaeophloia, commonly known as Nunniong gum or olive mallee, is a species of tree or mallee that is endemic to a restricted area in Victoria. It has mostly smooth greenish to greyish bark, glossy green, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and conical or hemispherical fruit.

Mallee (habit)
Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber or xylopodium, usually to a height of no more than 10 m (33 ft). The term is widely used for trees with this  growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names.
1970 Rothmans 12 Hour
The 1970 Rothmans 12 Hour was an endurance motor race for Group E Series Production Touring Cars. The event was held at the Surfers Paradise International Raceway in Queensland, Australia on 4 January 1970 with the field divided into four classes determined by the retail price of the vehicle.

The race was won by Colin Bond and Tony Roberts driving a Class D Holden Monaro HT GTS350 for the Harry Firth run Holden Dealer Team. The pair, who four months earlier had won the 1969 Hardie-Ferodo 500 at Bathurst, covered 435 laps of the 3.219 km (2.000 mi) circuit for a distance of 1,400.265 km (870 mi).

Surfers Paradise International Raceway
Surfers Paradise International Raceway was a motor racing complex at Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. The 3.219 km (2.000 mi) long circuit was designed and built by Keith Williams, a motor racing enthusiast who also designed and built the Adelaide International Raceway (AIR) in South Australia in 1972. It was located opposite the Surfers Paradise Ski Gardens at Carrara.
MV Dreamward
MS Dreamward was a cruise ship owned and operated by Star Cruises. She was built in 1992 by the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard in St. Nazaire, France as MS Dreamward for traffic with Norwegian Cruise Line. In 1998 she was lengthened at Lloyd Werft in Bremerhaven, Germany and renamed as Norwegian Dream. In late 2012, she was transferred to the fleet of Star Cruises and renamed SuperStar Gemini.

Gross tonnage
Gross tonnage (GT, G.T. or gt) is a nonlinear measure of a ship's overall internal volume.  Gross tonnage is different from gross register tonnage.  Neither gross tonnage nor gross register tonnage should be confused with measures of mass or weight such as deadweight tonnage or displacement.

Gross tonnage, along with net tonnage, was defined by the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969, adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1969, and came into force on 18 July 1982.  These two measurements replaced gross register tonnage (GRT) and net register tonnage (NRT).  Gross tonnage is calculated based on "the moulded volume of all enclosed spaces of the ship" and is used to determine things such as a ship's manning regulations, safety rules, registration fees, and port dues, whereas the older gross register tonnage is a measure of the volume of only certain enclosed spaces.
Peter Allen (ice hockey)
Peter Allen (born March 6, 1970) is a Canadian former ice hockey defenceman. He played 8 games in the National Hockey League with the Pittsburgh Penguins during the 1995–96 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1993 to 2004, was mainly spent in the minor leagues and then in Europe.

1995–96 NHL season
The 1995–96 NHL season was the 79th regular season of the National Hockey League. As part of the league's new collective bargaining agreement (CBA) signed after the 1994–95 NHL lockout, each team began playing 82 games per season. The Quebec Nordiques relocated to Denver, Colorado, becoming the Colorado Avalanche. The Stanley Cup winners were the Avalanche, who swept the Florida Panthers in the finals, in four games.
Niphargellus glenniei
Niphargellus glenniei, also known as the south-western groundwater shrimp, is a species of amphipod from within the family Niphargidae. A native of the United Kingdom, it has been placed in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan list of priority species. It is the first aquatic troglobite to be given a conservation status within the UK.

Niphargidae
Niphargidae is a family of amphipod crustaceans. Its distribution is in western Eurasia, and its members mainly live in subterranean freshwaters habitats. It contains the following genera:

Carinurella Sket, 1971

Foroniphargus G. Karaman, 1985

Haploginglymus Mateus & Mateus, 1958

Microniphargus Schellenberg, 1934

Niphargellus Schellenberg, 1938

Niphargobates Sket, 1981

Niphargopsis Chevreux, 1922 (synonym of Niphargus)

Niphargus Schiødte, 1847

Pontoniphargus Dancău, 1970
Dot and the Kangaroo (film)
Dot and the Kangaroo is a 1977 Australian live-action/animated musical drama film which combines animation and live-action. It is based on the 1899 children's book Dot and the Kangaroo by Ethel Pedley.

Live-action animation
Live-action animation is a film genre that combines live-action filmmaking with animation.
Projects that are both live-action and computer animation tend to have fictional characters or figures represented and characterized by cast members through motion capture and then animated and modeled by animators. Films that are live-action and traditional animation use hand-drawn, computer-generated imagery (CGI), or stop-motion animation.
Tar-Vabriga
Tar-Vabriga (Italian: Torre-Abrega) is a municipality in the Istria County, west Croatia, approximately 7 km north of Poreč. The municipality was established in 2006.

Tar-Vabriga is known for its olive oil, and according to FAO experts, the best olive oil in Europe is produced from the olives on the Larun plantation.

Istria County
Istria County (/ˈɪstriə/; Croatian: Istarska županija; Italian: Regione istriana, lit. "Istrian Region") is the westernmost county of Croatia which includes the majority of the Istrian peninsula.

Administrative centers in the county are Pazin, Pula (Pola) and Poreč(Parenzo). Istria County has the largest Italian-speaking population in Croatia. It borders Slovenia on the north.