hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ericsson cycle
The Ericsson cycle is named after inventor John Ericsson who designed and built many unique heat engines based on various thermodynamic cycles.  He is credited with inventing two unique heat engine cycles and developing practical engines based on these cycles.  His first cycle is now known as the closed Brayton cycle, while his second cycle is what is now called the Ericsson cycle.
Ericsson is one of the few who built open-cycle engines, but he also built closed-cycle ones.

External combustion engine
An external combustion engine (EC engine) is a reciprocating heat engine where a working fluid, contained internally, is heated by combustion in an external source, through the engine wall or a heat exchanger. The fluid then, by expanding and acting on the mechanism of the engine, produces motion and usable work. The fluid is then dumped (open cycle), or cooled, compressed and reused (closed cycle). 
In these types of engines, the combustion is primarily used as a heat source, and the engine can work equally well with other types of heat sources.
Pururavas
Pururavas (Sanskrit: पुरूरवस्, Purūravas) is a character in Hindu literature, a king who served as the first of the Lunar dynasty.

According to the Vedas, he is a legendary entity associated with Surya (the sun) and Usha (the dawn), and is believed to reside in the middle region of the cosmos. The Rig Veda (X.95.18) states that he was a son of Ilā and was a pious ruler. However, the Mahabharata states that Ila was both his mother and his father. According to the Vishnu Purana, his father was Budha, and he was ancestor of the tribe of Pururavas, from whom descended the Yadavas, Kauravas, and Pandavas of Mahābhārata.

Gandharva
A gandharva (Sanskrit: गन्धर्व, lit. 'musician') is a member of a class of celestial beings in Indian religions, such as Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, whose males are divine performers such as musicians and singers, and the females are divine dancers. In Hinduism, they are regarded to be the celestial demigods who serve as the musicians of the devas.

It is also a term for skilled singers in Indian classical music. In Buddhism, this term also refers to a being in the intermediate state (between death and rebirth).
Promptuary
The promptuary, also known as the card abacus is a calculating machine invented by the 16th-century Scottish mathematician John Napier and described in his book Rabdologiae in which he also described Napier's bones.

It is an extension of Napier's Bones, using two sets of rods to achieve multi-digit multiplication without the need to write down intermediate results, although some mental addition is still needed to calculate the result. The rods for the multiplicand are similar to Napier's Bones, with repetitions of the values.  The set of rods for the multiplier are shutters or masks for each digit placed over the multiplicand rods.  The results are then tallied from the digits showing as with other lattice multiplication methods.

The final form described by Napier took advantage of symmetries to compact the rods, and used the materials of the day to hold system of metal plates, placed inside a wooden frame.

Lattice multiplication
Lattice multiplication, also known as the Italian method, Chinese method, Chinese lattice, gelosia multiplication, sieve multiplication, shabakh, diagonally or Venetian squares, is a method of multiplication that uses a lattice to multiply two multi-digit numbers. It is mathematically identical to the more commonly used long multiplication algorithm, but it breaks the process into smaller steps, which some practitioners find easier to use.

The method had already arisen by medieval times, and has been used for centuries in many different cultures. It is still being taught in certain curricula today.
Tomorrowland Terrace
Tomorrowland Terrace is a name given to four quick-service restaurants located at three Disney Parks around the world—each in their respective Tomorrowland sections. The first opened in Disneyland Park in 1967, the second at Magic Kingdom Park in 1971, and the third at Tokyo Disneyland in 1983. The Tokyo version is the only one still operating under that name. A second Tomorrowland Terrace opened at Magic Kingdom (replacing the Plaza Pavilion) in 2004.

Magic Kingdom
Magic Kingdom Park, or simply the Magic Kingdom, is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida. It opened on October 1, 1971, and is owned and operated by the Walt Disney Company through its Experiences division. The park was initiated by Walt Disney and designed by WED Enterprises. Modeled after Disneyland in Anaheim, California, Magic Kingdom’s layout and attractions share many of the same themed features inspired by fairy tales and  Disney intellectual properties.

The park icon is Cinderella Castle, inspired by the fairy-tale castle featured in the 1950 animated film. In 2024, the park hosted 17.83 million visitors, making it the most visited theme park in the world for the eighteenth consecutive year and the most visited theme park in North America for at least the past 24 years. The park has become a cultural touchstone and symbol of modern American pop culture.
Bonu, Sistan and Baluchestan
Bonu (Persian: بنو, also Romanized as Bonū and Bon Now; also known as Būnnā and Būnnū) is a village in Pir Sohrab Rural District, in the Central District of Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 243, in 41 families.

Pir Sohrab Rural District
Pir Sohrab Rural District (Persian: دهستان پيرسهراب) is in Pir Sohrab District of Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Owraki Bozorg-e Olya. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Pir Sohrab.
J. K. Woodward
James Kenneth Woodward, known professionally as J. K. Woodward, is a comic book artist known for illustrating the monthly series Fallen Angel, published by IDW Publishing.  Woodward has employed painting, digital assistance, as well as the more traditional pencil-and-ink and CMYK color method in his work.

Desert Hot Springs, California
Desert Hot Springs is a city in Riverside County, California, United States. The city is located within the Coachella Valley geographic region. The population was 32,512 as of the 2020 census, up from 25,938 at the 2010 census. The city has experienced rapid growth since the 1970s when there were 2,700 residents. The city is commonly referred to by its initials, DHS.

It is named for its many natural hot springs. It is one of several places in the world with naturally occurring hot and cold mineral springs.: 7  More than 20 natural mineral spring lodgings can be found in town. Unlike hot springs with high sulfur content, the mineral springs in town are odorless.
Abbott and Costello Meet Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
Abbott and Costello Meet Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a 1953 American horror comedy film starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello, co-starring Boris Karloff, and directed by Charles Lamont.

Inspired by the 1886 novella Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson, the film follows the story of two American police officers visiting Victorian London who become involved in the hunt for a monster  responsible for a series of murders.

Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (character)
Dr Henry Jekyll, along with his alter ego Mr Edward Hyde, is the central character of Robert Louis Stevenson's 1886 novella The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. In the story, Dr Jekyll is a good friend of main protagonist Gabriel John Utterson. Living in Leicester Square, west of Covent Garden, Jekyll is a kind and respected English doctor struggling with repressed evil urges. As a potential solution, he develops a serum that he believes will effectively remove his more twisted traits. Instead, Jekyll transforms into Edward Hyde, the physical and mental manifestation of his own misdeeds. This process happens more regularly until Jekyll becomes unable to control when the transformations occur. Dr Jekyll roams Soho as Mr Hyde and Dr Jekyll inhabits Leicester Square as himself.
Speke
Speke (/ˈspiːk/) is a suburb of Liverpool, Merseyside, England. It is eight miles (thirteen kilometres) southeast of the city centre. Located near the widest part of the River Mersey, it is bordered by the suburbs of Garston and Hunts Cross, and nearby to Halewood, Hale Village, and Widnes. The rural area of Oglet borders its south.

Liverpool John Lennon Airport
Liverpool John Lennon Airport (IATA: LPL, ICAO: EGGP) is an international airport serving Liverpool, England, on the estuary of the River Mersey 6.5 nautical miles (12.0 km; 7.5 mi) south-east of Liverpool city centre. Scheduled domestic, European, North African and Middle Eastern services are operated from the airport. The airport comprises a single passenger terminal, three general use hangars, a FedEx Express courier service centre as well as a single runway measuring 7,500 ft (2,286 m) in length, with the control tower south of the runway.

Originally called Speke Airport, it was operated by the Royal Air Force as RAF Speke in World War II. Between 1997 and 2007, annual passenger numbers increased from 689,468 to 5.47 million. It was renamed after Liverpudlian musician John Lennon of the Beatles in 2001. The airport handled 4.19 million passengers in 2023, making it the  12th-busiest airport in the UK.
Bhulekha
Bhulekha (Punjabi: روزانہ بھلیکھا) is a Punjabi daily newspaper in Pakistan. Bhulekha is currently publishing from seven stations in Pakistan alongside eveninger Punjabi Zuban and Lokaai. Bilal Mudassar Butt is the editor of Bhulekha. Mudasssar Iqbal Butt is the CEO and publisher of Bhulekha. Bhulekha are World wide reporters, Imran Choudhry reporter's for France and Europe. M. Kamal for Australia and New Zealand, M. Khowaja and Rafiq Ahmed for USA.

Daily Lokaai
The Daily Lokaai (Punjabi:روزوار لوکائی) is a daily newspaper of Punjab, Pakistan. Lokaai means people or masses in Punjabi. Lokaai was first published in 2006, to fill the gap  after the closure of the daily Khabran, a Punjabi version of Khabrain. Lokaai currently publishes from Lahore, Pakistan. Jameel Ahmad Paul is current editor of the newspaper. Daily Lokaai covers national, international and regional news. Provincial newspapers and publications face hardship, but despite these obstacles, Lokaai provides media service to a Punjabi audience.
Silver machine
In set theory, Silver machines are devices used for bypassing the use of fine structure in proofs of statements holding in L.  They were invented by set theorist Jack Silver as a means of proving global square holds in the constructible universe.

Jensen hierarchy
In set theory, a mathematical discipline, the Jensen hierarchy or J-hierarchy is a modification of Gödel's constructible hierarchy, L, that circumvents certain technical difficulties that exist in the constructible hierarchy.  The J-Hierarchy figures prominently in fine structure theory, a field pioneered by Ronald Jensen, for whom the Jensen hierarchy is named.  Rudimentary functions describe a method for iterating through the Jensen hierarchy.
Dhakaiyas
The Old Dhakaiyas (Bengali: পুরান ঢাকাইয়া, romanized: Puran Dhakaiya) are a group of Indo-Aryan people,  often viewed by some as the original inhabitants of Dhaka city. They are sometimes referred to as simply Dhakaiya. Their history dates back to the Mughal period with the migration of Bengali cultivators and North Indian merchants to the city. The Bengali cultivators came to be known as Kutti and they speak Dhakaiya Kutti, a dialect of Bengali and the North Indian merchants came to be known as Khoshbas and they speak Dhakaiya Urdu, a dialect of Urdu. Dhakaiya Kutti Bengalis have been described as a wealthy community of the Dhaka city. It is said that some people living in Greater Dhaka are even unaware of the existence of an Urdu-speaking non-Bihari minority community although their presence dates back centuries.

Indo-Aryan peoples
Indo-Aryan peoples (also known as Indic peoples in the context of Indo-European studies) are a diverse collection of peoples predominantly found in South Asia, who (traditionally) speak Indo-Aryan languages. Historically, Aryans were the pastoralists who spoke Indo-Iranian languages, migrated from Central Asia into South Asia, and introduced the Proto-Indo-Aryan language. The early Indo-Aryan peoples were known to be closely related to the Iranian group that have resided west of the Indus River on the Iranian Plateau; an evident connection in cultural, linguistic, and historical ties. Today, the majority of Indo-Aryan speakers are found south of Hindu Kush and east of the Indus, across the modern-day regions of Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives and northern half of India as well as parts of Afghanistan (Kunar).
Kisrhombille
In geometry, a kisrhombille is a uniform tiling of rhombic faces, divided by central points into four triangles.

Examples:

3-6 kisrhombille – Euclidean plane

3-7 kisrhombille – hyperbolic plane

3-8 kisrhombille – hyperbolic plane

4-5 kisrhombille – hyperbolic plane

4-5 kisrhombille
In geometry, the 4-5 kisrhombille or order-4 bisected pentagonal tiling is a semiregular dual tiling of the hyperbolic plane. It is constructed by congruent right triangles with 4, 8, and 10 triangles meeting at each vertex.

The name 4-5 kisrhombille is by Conway, seeing it as a 4-5 rhombic tiling, divided by a kis operator, adding a center point to each rhombus, and dividing into four triangles.

The image shows a Poincaré disk model projection of the hyperbolic plane.

It is labeled V4.8.10 because each right triangle face has three types of vertices: one with 4 triangles, one with 8 triangles, and one with 10 triangles.
Eichler–Shimura congruence relation
In number theory, the Eichler–Shimura congruence relation expresses the local L-function of a modular curve at a prime p in terms of the eigenvalues of Hecke operators. It was introduced by Eichler (1954) and generalized by Shimura (1958). Roughly speaking, it says that the correspondence on the modular curve inducing the Hecke operator Tp is congruent mod p to the sum of the Frobenius map Frob and its transpose Ver. In other words,

Tp = Frob + Ver

as endomorphisms of the Jacobian J0(N)Fp of the modular curve X0(N) over the finite field Fp.

The Eichler–Shimura congruence relation and its generalizations to Shimura varieties play a pivotal role in the Langlands program, by identifying a part of the Hasse–Weil zeta function of a modular curve or a more general modular variety,  with the product of Mellin transforms of weight 2 modular forms or a product of analogous automorphic L-functions.

Local zeta function
In mathematics, the local zeta function Z(V, s) (sometimes called the congruent zeta function or the Hasse–Weil zeta function) is defined as

where V is a non-singular n-dimensional projective algebraic variety over the field Fq with q elements and Nk is the number of points of V defined over the finite field extension Fqk of Fq.

Making the variable transformation t = q−s, gives

as the formal power series in the variable .

Equivalently, the local zeta function is sometimes defined as follows:

In other words, the local zeta function Z(V, t) with coefficients in the finite field Fq is defined as a function whose logarithmic derivative generates the number Nk of solutions of the equation defining V in the degree k extension Fqk.
2025 Torneo Federal A
The 2025 Argentine Torneo Federal A was the thirteenth season of the Torneo Federal A, the regionalised third tier of the Argentine football league system. The tournament is reserved for teams indirectly affiliated to the Asociación del Fútbol Argentino (AFA), while teams affiliated to AFA have to play the Primera B Metropolitana, which is the other third-tier competition. The competition was contested by 32 of the 36 teams that took part in the 2024 season, with two teams relegated from Primera Nacional and four teams promoted from Torneo Regional Federal Amateur; also, Deportivo Camioneros declined to participate, losing the place in the category. Two teams were promoted to Primera Nacional and four teams were relegated to Torneo Regional Federal Amateur. The season began on 16 March and ended on 1 December 2024.

2024 Torneo Federal A
The 2024 Argentine Torneo Federal A was the twelfth season of the Torneo Federal A, the regionalised third tier of the Argentine football league system. The tournament is reserved for teams indirectly affiliated to the Asociación del Fútbol Argentino (AFA), while teams affiliated to AFA have to play the Primera B Metropolitana, which is the other third-tier competition. The competition was contested by 33 of the 36 teams that took part in the 2023 season, with no teams relegated from Primera Nacional and five teams promoted from Torneo Regional Federal Amateur. One team was promoted to Primera Nacional, other team qualified for a promotion playoff against a team from Primera B Metropolitana and four teams were relegated to Torneo Regional Federal Amateur. The season began on 24 March and ended on 1 December 2024.
Centrism in France
Centrism in France (French: Centrisme politique) has played a major role in French politics over many decades. This page presents the parties, political movements and personalities linked to Centrism in France according to their political traditions or their background. The different families of centrism are presented in the different sections.

National Centre of Independents and Peasants
The National Centre of Independents and Peasants (French: Centre national des indépendants et paysans, [sɑ̃tʁ nɑsjɔnal dez‿ɛ̃depɑ̃dɑ̃ e pe.izɑ̃]; CNIP) is a right-wing agrarian political party in France, founded in 1951 by the merger of the National Centre of Independents (CNI), the heir of the French Republican conservative-liberal tradition (many party members came from the Democratic Republican Alliance), with the Peasant Party and the Republican Party of Liberty.

It played a major role during the Fourth Republic (prior to 1958), but since creation of the Fifth Republic, its importance has decreased significantly. The party has mostly run as a minor ally of larger centre-right parties. The CNI and its predecessors have been classical liberal and economically liberal parties largely opposed to the dirigisme of the left, centre and Gaullist right.
Tobian language
Tobian (ramarih Hatohobei, literally "the language of Tobi") is the language of Tobi, one of the Southwest Islands of Palau, and the main island of Hatohobei state. Tobian is a Micronesian language spoken by approximately 150 people, about 22 are native speakers. The speakers are located in either the island of Tobi or in Echang, a hamlet of Koror, the former capital of Palau. Tobian and Sonsorolese are very close, and appear to be gradually merging towards a new dialect called "Echangese". Earlier in the 20th century, about 1000 people lived on the island. Shortly before and during the First World War, those numbers dropped severely due to an abundance of disease.

Southwest Islands (Palau)
The Southwest Islands of Palau are several small outlying islands spread across the Pacific Ocean about 600 km from the main island chain of Palau. They make up the Palauan states of Sonsorol and Hatohobei. The nearshore islands to the southwest of the main island of Palau (Babeldaob), which belong to the states of Koror, Peleliu and Angaur and the unincorporated Rock Islands, are not considered part of the Southwest Islands.
Waterway trail on the Moosalbe
The Waterway trail on the Moosalbe (German: Gewässerwanderweg an der Moosalbe) is one of seven themed walks on the subject of hydrology in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The path runs for over 33 km along the Moosalbe and Hirschalbe streams through the Palatine Forest and has 23 way stations.

Documentation by the State Ministry for the Environment and Forests describes the route and gives detailed information on the geology, hydrology und climate of the area.

Palatinate Forest
The Palatinate Forest (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Pfälzerwald [ˈpfɛltsɐvalt] ⓘ), sometimes also called the Palatine Forest, is a low-mountain region in southwestern Germany, located in the Palatinate in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The forest is a designated nature park (German: Naturpark Pfälzerwald) covering 1,771 km2 and its highest elevation is the Kalmit (672.6 m).

Together with the northern part of the adjacent Vosges Mountains in France it forms the UNESCO-designated Palatinate Forest-North Vosges Biosphere Reserve.
Janowice, Sandomierz County
Janowice [janɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Samborzec, within Sandomierz County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) west of Samborzec, 16 km (10 mi) west of Sandomierz, and 71 km (44 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Samborzec
Samborzec [samˈbɔʐɛt͡s] is a village in Sandomierz County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Samborzec. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-west of Sandomierz and 78 km (48 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.
Democratic Party presidential debates
Since 1983, the Democratic Party of the United States holds a few debates between candidates for the Democratic nomination in presidential elections during the primary election season. Unlike debates between party-nominated candidates, which have been organized by the bi-partisan Commission on Presidential Debates since 1988, debates between candidates for party nomination are organized by mass media outlets.

Party presidential debates are typically not held when an incumbent president is running for a second term.

Larry Agran
Lawrence Alan Agran (born February 2, 1945) is an American lawyer and the current mayor of Irvine, California.

In May 2023, Agran announced that he would be running as a candidate for the 2024 Irvine mayoral election. He won the election with 39% of the vote, making it his sixth non-consecutive term as mayor of Irvine.
Chicago Night Express
The Chicago Night Express was an American named train of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) on its route between Wheeling, West Virginia, and Chicago, Illinois, with major station stops in Newark, Ohio, Mansfield, Ohio, and Willard, Ohio. The B&O inaugurated the Chicago Night Express in 1912. It was discontinued in 1956 due to declining passenger demand.

Sleeping car
The sleeping car or sleeper (often wagon-lit) is a railway passenger car that can accommodate all passengers in beds of one kind or another, for the purpose of sleeping. George Pullman was the main American innovator and owner of sleeper cars in the late 19th and early 20th centuries when railroads dominated intercity passenger travel.

The first such cars saw sporadic use on American and English railways in the 1830s; they could be configured for coach seating during the day.
Special Service Battalion
The Special Service Battalion (SSB) is a South African military unit formed on 1 May 1933 under the patronage of Oswald Pirow, Minister of Defence. The object was to give training to youths, between the ages of 17 and 23, who, in the wake of the 1929 depression, could find no suitable employment on leaving school.

Permanent Force
The Permanent Force was an integral part of both the South African Defence Force and the South West Africa Territorial Force which consisted of all the full-time volunteers, volunteers of Auxiliaries and national servicemen.