hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pascale Guiton
Pascale Guiton is a microbiologist and assistant professor at Santa Clara University, where she focuses on both teaching and research. She specializes in parasitology, particularly the study of Toxoplasma gondii. She is the founder and namesake for Guiton Lab, a student laboratory at Santa Clara University that studies Toxoplasma gondii in "a safe and collaborative environment".

Microbiologist
A microbiologist (from Greek μῑκρος) is a scientist who studies microscopic life forms and processes. This includes study of the growth, interactions and characteristics of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, algae, fungi, and some types of parasites and their vectors. Most microbiologists work in offices and/or research facilities, both in private biotechnology companies and in academia. Most microbiologists specialize in a given topic within microbiology such as bacteriology, parasitology, virology, or immunology.
Timeline of women in Antarctica
This is a Timeline of women in Antarctica. This article describes many of the firsts and accomplishments that women from various countries have accomplished in different fields of endeavor on the continent of Antarctica.

Lois Jones (scientist)
Lois M. Jones (September 6, 1934 – March 13, 2000) was an American geochemist who led the first all-woman science team to Antarctica in 1969. They were also the first women to reach the South Pole. Jones was well regarded for her contribution to geological research in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, one of the few ice-free areas of Antarctica, and published many papers and abstracts.
Potassium hypomanganate
Potassium hypomanganate is the inorganic compound with the formula K3MnO4. Also known as potassium manganate(V), this bright blue solid is a rare example of a salt with the hypomanganate or manganate(V) anion, where the manganese atom is in the +5 oxidation state. It is an intermediate in the production of potassium permanganate and the industrially most important Mn(V) compound.

Potassium manganate
Potassium manganate is the inorganic compound with the formula K2MnO4. This green-colored salt is an intermediate in the industrial synthesis of potassium permanganate (KMnO4), a common chemical. Occasionally, potassium manganate and potassium permanganate are confused, but each compound's properties are distinct.
Tour du Vaucluse
The Tour du Vaucluse (Tour of the Vaucluse) is a former cycling race, held in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of France. From 1923 until 1960 it was organized as a one-day race finishing in Cavaillon. Subsequently, it was held as a stage race, run over two and later three days, until the event was discontinued in 1998.

Vaucluse
Vaucluse (French: [voklyz]; Provençal: Vauclusa (Classical norm) or Vau-Cluso (Mistralian norm)) is a department in the southeastern French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. It had a population of 561,469 as of 2019. The department's prefecture is Avignon.

It is named after a spring, the Fontaine de Vaucluse, one of the largest karst springs in the world. The name Vaucluse itself derives from the Latin Vallis Clausa ("closed valley") as the valley ends in a cliff face from which the spring emanates.
Hired armed cutter Swan
During the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars the Admiralty also made use of hired armed vessels, one of which was His Majesty's Hired armed cutter Swan. Actually there were two such cutters, but the descriptions of these vessels and the dates of their service are such that they may well represent one vessel under successive contracts. The vessel or vessels cruised, blockaded, carried despatches and performed reconnaissance.

Galiot
A galiot, galliot or galiote, was a small galley boat propelled by sail or oars. There are three different types of naval galiots that sailed on different seas.

A galiote was a type of French flat-bottom river boat or barge and also a flat-bottomed boat with a simple sail for transporting wine.
Augusta Fane (1761–1838)
Lady Augusta Fane (18 September 1761 – 6 March 1838) was the daughter of John Fane, 9th Earl of Westmorland (5 May 1728 – 25 April 1774) and Augusta Bertie. She was born at Brympton House near Yeovil. Her brother was John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland.

She married William Lowther, 1st Earl of Lonsdale, KG (29 December 1757 – 19 March 1844) and thus became styled as Countess of Lonsdale. They lived in Westmorland at Lowther Castle where the Countess's visitors included the poet Robert Southey.

An 1837 portrait of her, which hangs in the National Portrait Gallery, London, is attributed as "after" Sir Thomas Lawrence.

John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland
John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland, KG, PC (1 June 1759 – 15 December 1841), styled Lord Burghersh between 1771 and 1774, was a British Tory politician of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, who served in most of the cabinets of the period, primarily as Lord Privy Seal ultimately spending 33 years in the Cabinet.
Hanaford Valley
Hanaford Valley is a valley in the U.S. state of Washington. The landform, often divided geographically into three sections, spans from the Skookumchuck River east into central Lewis County. Parts of the valley also reside in Thurston County. A smaller, distinct valley known as Little Hanaford Valley is located to the south near Ham Hill and China Creek in Centralia.

The landform is bordered and interspersed with steep, rounded hills and numerous pocket valleys of fertile, but poorly drained soils. Coal seams were once abundant. Several streams course through Hanaford Valley and the region contains a variety of plant and bird species.

The valley was once home to the informal community of Hanaford and contained other towns, usually formed in response to coal mining or timber harvesting. Named after an early settler family, the area was used primarily by residents for farming and livestock.

Mendota, Washington
Mendota is an extinct town in Lewis County, in the U.S. state of Washington. The community began as a mining town, growing to include a post office, hotel, and school in the early 20th century.

A destructive fire in 1926 closed mining operations and the town began to wane. A lone ranch remained by the 1950s. Attempts to reinvigorate coal mining in the region did not materialize and by the early 1970s, buildings were in disrepair and the townsite had begun to be lost to encroaching plants and wildlife. No buildings were standing by 1979.
Staunton, Nottinghamshire
Staunton (also known as Staunton-in-the-Vale) is a small village and civil parish in the Newark and Sherwood district of Nottinghamshire, England. It takes its name from the Vale of Belvoir and shares it with the local Staunton family, which has resided in the area since the Norman Conquest and possibly before, making them one of the few English families still resident on their estate.

Newark and Sherwood
Newark and Sherwood is a local government district in Nottinghamshire, England. It is the largest district by area in the county. The council is based in Newark-on-Trent, the area's largest town. The district also includes the towns of Southwell and Ollerton along with a large rural area containing many villages. Much of the district lies within the ancient Sherwood Forest and there are also extensive forestry plantations in the area.

The neighbouring districts are Rushcliffe, Gedling, Ashfield, Mansfield, Bassetlaw, West Lindsey, North Kesteven, South Kesteven and Melton. In 2021 it had a population of 123,383.
Lateral root of median nerve
The lateral root of median nerve is a source of the median nerve, originating off the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. It is typically one of two nerve roots forming the median nerve, the other being the medial root, although anatomical variations in which the median nerve instead has three or four nerve roots have been described in medical literature.

Median nerve
The median nerve is a nerve in humans and other animals in the upper limb. It is one of the five main nerves originating from the brachial plexus.

The median nerve originates from the lateral and medial cords of the brachial plexus, and has contributions from ventral roots of C6-C7 (lateral cord) and C8 and T1 (medial cord).

The median nerve is the only nerve that passes through the carpal tunnel. Carpal tunnel syndrome is the disability that results from the median nerve being pressed in the carpal tunnel.
David Bairstow (filmmaker)
David Bairstow (1921-1985) was a Canadian producer and director and one of the most prolific filmmakers at the National Film Board of Canada.

Over the course of his career, he made 200 films, notably the critically-acclaimed Morning on the Lièvre (1961) as well as Royal Journey (1951) and  Grierson (1973), both of which won the BAFTA Award for Best Documentary.

Donald Wilder
Donald Wilder (October 23, 1926 – December 8, 2010) was a Canadian cinematographer and documentarian. He is most noted as a two-time Canadian Film Award winner for Best Cinematography, winning at the 15th Canadian Film Awards in 1963 for Nahanni and at the 25th Canadian Film Awards in 1973 for Paperback Hero, and as the director of Nahanni, which was also its years Canadian Film Award winner for Best Theatrical Short Film.

His other cinematography credits included the films The Stratford Adventure, When Michael Calls, Meatballs and Lost!.
Weißensee, Thuringia
Weißensee (German pronunciation: [ˈvaɪsn̩ˌzeː] ⓘ, lit. 'white lake') is a town in the district of Sömmerda, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated 6 km northwest of Sömmerda, and 25 km north of Erfurt. The former municipality Herrnschwende was merged into Weißensee in January 2019.

Sömmerda (district)
Sömmerda (German: Landkreis Sömmerda) is a Kreis (district) in the north of Thuringia, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) the districts Kyffhäuserkreis, the Burgenlandkreis in Saxony-Anhalt, the district Weimarer Land and the district-free city Erfurt, and the districts Gotha and Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis.
St. Thomas University (Canada)
St. Thomas University (also St. Thomas or STU) is a  Catholic, English-language liberal arts university located in Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada. It is a primarily undergraduate university, offering bachelor degrees to approximately 1,700 students. St. Thomas is also home of the Frank McKenna Centre for Communications and Public Policy.

Diocese of Bathurst (Canada)
The Diocese of Bathurst (originally Diocese of Chatham) (Latin: Dioecesis Bathurstensis in Canada) is a Roman Catholic suffragan of the Archdiocese of Moncton. It has its cathedral episcopal see, Sacred Heart Cathedral, in Bathurst, New Brunswick, Canada.
Rohingya Liberation Party
The Rohingya Liberation Party (RLP) was a Rohingya political organization in Rakhine State, Myanmar (formerly Arakan, Burma). It had an armed wing called the Rohingya Liberation Army, which was led by a former mujahideen leader named Zaffar Kawal.

Rakhine State
Rakhine State (/rəˈkaɪn/ ⓘ rə-KYN; Burmese: ရခိုင်ပြည်နယ်, MLCTS: ra.hkuing pranynai, pronounced [jəkʰàiɰ̃ pjìnɛ̀]; Rakhine pronunciation: [ɹəkʰàiɰ̃ pɹènè]), formerly known as Arakan State, is a state in Myanmar (Burma). Situated on the western coast, it is bordered by Chin State to the north, Magway Region, Bago Region and Ayeyarwady Region to the east, the Bay of Bengal to the west and the Chattogram Division of Bangladesh to the northwest. The north–south Arakan Mountains or Rakhine Yoma separate Rakhine State from central Myanmar. Off the coast of Rakhine State there are some fairly large islands such as Ramree, Cheduba and Myingun. Rakhine State has an area of 36,762 square kilometres (14,194 sq mi) and its capital is Sittwe (formerly known as Akyab).

As of November 2025, the Arakan Army which is the armed wing of the ethnic Rakhine, maintains de facto control over approximately 90 percent of the state, including 14 of its 17 townships.
The Historians' History of the World
The Historians' History of the World, subtitled A Comprehensive Narrative of the Rise and Development as Recorded by over two thousand of the Great Writers of all Ages', is a 25-volume encyclopedia of world history, published in 1902. It was compiled by Henry Smith Williams, a medical doctor and author of many books on medicine, science, and history, as well as other authorities on history including historian Walter L. Fleming, and Rupert Hughes as editor.

World history (field)
World history or global history as a field of historical study examines history from a global perspective. It emerged centuries ago; some leading practitioners have included Voltaire (1694–1778), Hegel (1770–1831), Karl Marx (1818–1883), Oswald Spengler (1880–1936), and Arnold J. Toynbee (1889–1975). The field became much more active (in terms of university teaching, textbooks, scholarly journals, and academic associations) in the late 20th century.

It is not to be confused with comparative history, which, like world history, deals with the history of multiple cultures and nations, but does not do so on a global scale. World historians use a thematic approach, with two major focal points: integration (how processes of world history have drawn people of the world together) and difference (how patterns of world history reveal the diversity of the human experience).
Emmanuel Chenda
Emmanuel Tawanda Chenda (born 25 December 1952) is a Zambian politician and diplomat. He served as Member of the National Assembly for Bwana Mkubwa between 2011 and 2016. He also held the posts of Minister of Agriculture and Livestock, Minister of Commerce, Trade and Industry and Minister of Local Government and Housing between 2011 and 2015. In November 2017 he was appointed Ambassador to neighbouring Zimbabwe.

Ministry of Local Government (Zambia)
The Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development is a ministry in Zambia. It is headed by the Minister of Local Government and Rural Development.

In 2012 the Environmental Protection portfolio was transferred to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection and the Early Education portfolio to the Ministry of Education, Science, Vocational Training and Early Education, with the department renamed the Ministry of Local Government and Housing.

In 2016 Housing was transferred from the local government portfolio to the Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure Development. In 2021, the Ministry of Local Government was renamed to the Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development.
Willie McKnight
William Lidstone McKnight, DFC & Bar (18 November 1918 – 12 January 1941) was a Canadian flying ace withe Royal Air Force (RAF) of the Second World War. He was Canada's fifth-highest scoring ace of the war, credited with shooting down nineteen aircraft.

From Alberta, McKnight joined the RAF in early 1939 and served in No. 242 Squadron during the final phase of the Battle of France, covering the evacuation of the British Expeditionary Force from Dunkirk and then the Allied retreat from Brittany, during which he claimed his first aerial victories. Afterwards he was briefly hospitalised due to exhaustion. He flew in the Battle of Britain, often as wing man to Squadron Leader Douglas Bader, claiming several more victories. Twice awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross, he was shot down and killed on 12 January 1941 during a sortie to Gravelines.

Medium bomber
A medium bomber is a military bomber aircraft designed to operate with medium-sized bombloads over medium range distances; the name serves to distinguish this type from larger heavy bombers and smaller light bombers. Mediums generally carried about two tons of bombs, compared to light bombers that carried one ton, and heavies that carried four or more.

The term was used prior to and during World War II, based on available parameters of engine and aeronautical technology for bomber aircraft designs at that time. After the war, medium bombers were replaced in world air forces by more advanced and capable aircraft.
Baba Khoda
Baba Khoda (Persian: بابا خدا, also Romanized as Bābā Khodā) is a village in Ahmadfedaleh Rural District, Sardasht District, Dezful County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 31, in 5 families.

Ahmad Fedaleh Rural District
Ahmad Fedaleh Rural District (Persian: دهستان احمد فداله) is in Shahiyun District of Dezful County, Khuzestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Emamzadeh-ye Fedaleh-ye Amran (امامزاده فداله عمران).
1982 State of Origin series
The 1982 State of Origin series was the first annual three-match series for rugby league between New South Wales and Queensland to be played entirely under "state of origin" selection rules. After the matches in 1980 and 1981 that trialed the concept, 'Origin' was fully embraced in 1982, with no matches using the previous seventy-four years' residential-based selection rules ever played again.

The series came down to the deciding third match, which a mistake-riddled New South Wales lost to a more professional Queensland.

Arthur Beetson
Arthur Henry "Artie" Beetson OAM (21 January 1945 – 1 December 2011) was an Australian rugby league footballer and coach. He represented Australia, New South Wales and Queensland all between 1964 and 1981. His main position was at prop. Beetson became the first Indigenous Australian to captain Australia in any sport and is frequently cited as the best post-war forward in Australian rugby league history. He also had an extensive coaching career, spanning the 1970s to the 1990s, coaching Australia, Queensland, Eastern Suburbs, Redcliffe Dolphins and the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks.

He is also remembered as man of great humility who cared deeply about his people and culture. The Arthur Beetson Foundation was so named to honour Beetson, and the Arthur Beetson Medal is awarded to rugby league players who show both outstanding skills and similar personal qualities to Beetson.
Tuskar
The Tuskar (Russian: Тускарь) is a river in Kursk Oblast, Russia, and the third largest tributary of the Seym. Part of the greater Dnieper basin, the mouth of the river is located in the city of Kursk. The small river Kur is a tributary of the Tuskar in Kursk.

Seym (river)
The Seym or Seim (Russian: Сейм; Ukrainian: Сейм) is a river that flows westward in Russia and Ukraine. It is 748 kilometres (465 mi) long (250 km within Ukraine) and its basin area about 27,500 square kilometres (10,600 sq mi). It is the largest tributary of the Desna.

Places on the river include Kursk, Kurchatov, Rylsk, Glushkovo, Putyvl, Baturyn, and the junction with the Desna, which continues west and south past Chernihiv to Kyiv.

In September 2024, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Ukrainian officials accused Russia of polluting the river by dumping sewage from a sugar factory in Tyotkino, Kursk Oblast, resulting in environmental damage estimated at about Hr 186 million ($4.5 million) in Chernihiv Oblast that included a decrease in oxygen levels and fish kills downstream.

The river also serves cooling water for the Kursk Nuclear Power Plant in Russia.
Qishuyan District
Qishuyan District (simplified Chinese: 戚墅堰区; traditional Chinese: 戚墅堰區; pinyin: Qīshùyàn Qū) was a district of the city of Changzhou in Jiangsu, China. The local language is the Changzhou dialect of Wu Chinese. The postal code for the district is 213011. It covers an area of 31.58 square kilometers. In 2005 the total population was recorded at 80,200 people. It is also home to Tianmu Lake after which a local beer is named. On May 7, 2015, Qishuyan was merged into Wujin District.

Changzhou
Changzhou is a prefecture-level city in southern Jiangsu, China. It was previously known as Yanling, Lanling, and Jinling. Located on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, Changzhou borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the west, Zhenjiang to the northwest, Wuxi to the east, and the province of Zhejiang to the south. The population of the Changzhou Municipality was 5,278,121 at the 2020 census. The city is the birthplace of Zhou Youguang who created the pinyin romanization system.
Xanthias (crab)
Xanthias is a genus of crabs in the family Xanthidae, containing two exclusively fossil species and the following extant species:

Xanthias canaliculatus  Rathbun, 1906

Xanthias cherbonnieri  Guinot, 1964

Xanthias claudiae  Mendoza, 2023

Xanthias dawsoni  Takeda & Webber, 2006

Xanthias gilbertensis  Balss, 1938

Xanthias glabrous  Edmondson, 1951

Xanthias inornatus  (Rathbun, 1898)

Xanthias joanneae  Mendoza, 2013

Xanthias lamarckii  (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)

Xanthias latifrons  (De Man, 1887)

Xanthias maculatus  Sakai, 1961

Xanthias margaritata  Finnegan, 1931

Xanthias nitidulus  (Dana, 1852)

Xanthias oahuensis  Edmondson, 1951

Xanthias punctatus  (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)

Xanthias sinensis  (A. Milne Edwards, 1867)

Xanthias teres  Davie, 1997

Xanthidae
Xanthidae is a family of crabs known as gorilla crabs, mud crabs, pebble crabs or rubble crabs. Xanthid crabs are often brightly coloured and are highly poisonous, containing toxins which are not destroyed by cooking and  for which no antidote is known. The toxins are similar to the tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin produced by puffer fish, and may be produced by bacteria in the genus Vibrio living in symbiosis with the crabs, mostly V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus.
Hand & Stone Massage and Facial Spa
Hand & Stone Massage and Facial Spa is a chain of franchised massage and facial spas in the United States founded in 2004 by John Marco. The spa offers various massages including Swedish massage, hot stone massage, couples massage, foot massage and facials.

Massage
Massage is the rubbing or kneading of the body's soft tissues. Massage techniques are commonly applied with hands, fingers, elbows, knees, forearms, feet, or a device. The purpose of massage is generally for the treatment of body stress or pain. In English-speaking European countries, traditionally a person professionally trained to give massages is known by the gendered French loanwords masseur (male) or masseuse (female). In the United States, these individuals are often referred to as "massage therapists." In some provinces of Canada, they are called "registered massage therapists."

In professional settings, clients are treated while lying on a massage table, sitting in a massage chair, or lying on a mat on the floor. There are many different modalities in the massage industry, including (but not limited to): deep tissue, manual lymphatic drainage, medical, sports, structural integration, Swedish, Thai and trigger point.
Greater Poland Park
The Greater Poland Park (Polish: Park Wielkopolski), also known as the Greater Poland Square (Polish: Zieleniec Wielkopolski), is an urban park in Warsaw, Poland. It is located in the district of Ochota, between Łęczycka Street, Wawelska Street, Górnickiego Street, Reja Street, Krzyckiego Street, Dantyszka Street, and Filtrowa Street.

Ochota
Ochota (Polish pronunciation: [ɔˈxɔta] ⓘ) is a district of Warsaw, Poland, located in the central part of the city's urban agglomeration. It is Warsaw's most densely populated district and home to the scientific campus of the University of Warsaw.

The biggest housing estates of Ochota are:

Kolonia Lubeckiego

Kolonia Staszica

Filtry

Rakowiec

Szosa Krakowska

Szczęśliwice

Osiedle Oaza