hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Three Knights Game
The Three Knights Game is a chess opening which most commonly begins with the moves:

1. e4 e5

2. Nf3 Nc6

3. Nc3

In the Three Knights Game, Black chooses to break symmetry in order to avoid the main lines of what is often considered the drawish Four Knights Game after the usual 3...Nf6.

The relevant ECO code is C46.

Chess annotation symbols
When annotating chess games, commentators frequently use widely recognized annotation symbols. Question marks and exclamation points that denote a move as bad or good are ubiquitous in chess literature. Some publications intended for an international audience, such as the Chess Informant, have a wide range of additional symbols that transcend language barriers.

The common symbols for evaluating the merits of a move are "??", "?", "?!", "!?", "!", and "!!". The chosen symbol is appended to the text describing the move (e.g. Re7? or Kh1!?); see Algebraic chess notation.

Use of these annotation symbols is subjective, as different annotators use the same symbols differently or for a different reason.
Cirque Medrano
The Cirque Medrano (in English: Circus Medrano) is a French circus that was located at 63 Boulevard de Rochechouart, at the corner of rue des Martyrs, in the 18th arrondissement at the edge of Montmartre in Paris. It was originally called Cirque Fernando. The title "Cirque Medrano" is still active today: it is now a successful French traveling circus.

Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Pierre-Auguste Renoir (/rɛnˈwɑːr/; French: [pjɛʁ oɡyst ʁənwaʁ]; 25 February 1841 – 3 December 1919) was a French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the Impressionist style. It has been said that, as a celebrator of beauty and especially feminine sensuality, "Renoir is the final representative of a tradition which runs directly from Rubens to Watteau."

He was the father of the actor Pierre Renoir (1885–1952), the filmmaker Jean Renoir (1894–1979) and the ceramic artist Claude Renoir (1901–1969). He was the grandfather of the filmmaker Claude Renoir (1913–1993), son of Pierre.
Scoring chance
A scoring chance, in ice hockey is an attempt or chance for a team or holder of the puck to score a goal.

While there is no exact definition of a scoring chance, the Elias Sports Bureau, who is the official statistics recorder of the National Hockey League and many other professional sports leagues, clarifies a scoring chance as an attempt or shot taken from a "home-plate shaped area" that goes from the top of the faceoff circles, through the faceoff dots, then angled to the goal posts. Another possible definition of a scoring chance can be any shot that is taken by an attacking team on an odd man rush, such as a 2-on-1 or 3-on-2 break.

A reason many box scores and stat sheets list the number of scoring chances is to differentiate between shots that are relatively easy saves for the goaltender (shots that are not scoring chances) and shots that are not easy saves (shots that are also scoring chances).

Shot on goal (ice hockey)
In ice hockey, a shot on goal is a shot that directs the puck towards the net and either goes into the net for a goal or is stopped by the goaltender for a save.

A shot that is deflected wide or blocked by an opponent does not count as a shot on goal; it is recorded as a blocked shot. The player who blocks the shot is credited with a 'blocked shot', and the player who shoots the puck is credited with an 'attempt blocked'.

Shots that sail wide or high of the net, and shots that hit the goalpost or crossbar but do not enter the net, are not counted as shots on goal; they are counted as 'missed shots'. Additionally, if a goaltender stops a puck that is going wide or high anyway, it is recorded as a 'shot on goal'. Since it is counted as a shot on goal, the goaltender gets credit for a save.

An attempted shot that hits the pipe framing the goal mouth is not counted as a shot on goal, unless the puck goes into the goal without further contact from the team attempting the shot.
France v Azerbaijan (UEFA Euro 1996 qualifying)
France v Azerbaijan, also known as the "Auxerre tragedy" in Azerbaijani media, was a football match belonging to the UEFA Euro 1996 qualifying that took place on 6 September 1995.

France won the game 10–0, and it went down as the largest victory in the history of the France national team until it was surpassed by a 14–0 win over Gibraltar in 2023. The match also became the biggest defeat of the Azerbaijan national team, a record that still stands today.

UEFA Euro 1996 qualifying
Qualifying for UEFA Euro 1996 took place throughout 1994 and 1995. Forty-seven teams were divided into eight groups, with each team playing the others in their group both home and away. The winners of each group and the six best runners-up qualified automatically, while the two worst runners-up were involved in a play-off at a neutral venue. England qualified automatically as hosts of the event.

This was the first European Championship qualifying phase in which three points were awarded for each win, as opposed to the two points that had been awarded previously.
Presstoff
Presstoff (also Preßstoff or Pressstoff) is the German-language term for a type of ersatz or artificial leather used during the first half of the 20th century. It is one of the oldest types of artificial leather.

It was made from specially layered paper pulp, which was then treated with a specific resin that would bind it together in layers.

Ersatz good
An ersatz good (UK: /ˈɛərzæts/ AIR-zats, US: /ˈɛərzɑːts/ AIR-zahts, both also /ˈɜːr-/ UR-) is a substitute good, especially one that is considered inferior to the good it replaces. It has particular connotations of wartime usage.
Dachau liberation reprisals
During the Dachau liberation reprisals, German SS troops were killed by outraged U.S. soldiers and concentration camp prisoners at the Dachau concentration camp on April 29, 1945, during World War II. It is unclear how many SS guards were killed in the incident, but most estimates place the number killed at around 35 to 50. In the days before the camp's liberation, SS guards at the camp had forced 7,000 inmates on a death march that resulted in the death of many from exposure and shooting. When Allied soldiers liberated Dachau, they were variously shocked, horrified, disturbed, and infuriated at finding the massed corpses of prisoners, and by the combativeness of some of the remaining guards who allegedly fired on them.

Boxcar
A boxcar is the North American (AAR) and South Australian Railways term for a railroad car that is enclosed and generally used to carry freight. The boxcar, while not the simplest freight car design, is considered one of the most versatile since it can carry most loads. Boxcars have side sliding doors of varying size and operation, and some include end doors and adjustable bulkheads to load very large items.

Similar covered freight cars outside North America are covered goods wagons and, depending on the region, are called goods van (UK and Australia), covered wagon (UIC and UK) or simply van (UIC, UK and Australia).
The Mysterious Benedict Society
The Mysterious Benedict Society is a series of children's books by Trenton Lee Stewart chronicling the adventures of four children, initially gathered together by the eccentric Mr. Benedict. The first children's novels written by Stewart, each of the first three books were published annually from 2007 to 2009, with the fourth installment following a decade later. A companion book was released in 2011, and a prequel novel detailing the backstory of Mr. Benedict was released in 2012, called The Extraordinary Education of Nicholas Benedict.

In 2019, a sequel, The Mysterious Benedict Society and the Riddle of Ages, was released.

The Extraordinary Education of Nicholas Benedict
The Extraordinary Education of Nicholas Benedict is a novel by American author Trenton Lee Stewart. It is a prequel to The Mysterious Benedict Society, taking place during the troubled childhood of Nicholas Benedict, a nine-year-old orphan and genius, and his friends, John Cole and Violet Hopefield.
Great Britain national rugby sevens team
The Great Britain men's national rugby sevens team is the men's international rugby 7s team that is the representative team of Great Britain. The team competes in the annual World Rugby Sevens Series as well as the Olympic Games and European Games. Historically, Great Britain was represented in rugby 7s by England, Scotland and Wales but the inclusion of Rugby 7s at the Olympic and European Games, together with funding issues has resulted in the formation of a permanent combined team from 2023. The separate England, Scotland and Wales teams were due to play in the Rugby World Cup Sevens and the Commonwealth Games, although both competitions are now defunct.

After first having played at the World Games in 2001 and 2005, Great Britain made their debut at the 2016 Summer Olympics, where they won the silver medal, losing the final to Fiji.

Fiji national rugby sevens team
The Fiji national rugby sevens team has competed in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens and the Olympics. Fiji won the gold medal in the inaugural rugby sevens at the Summer Olympics in 2016 in Brazil, the country's first Olympic medal in any event, and repeated as Olympic champions in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, defeating New Zealand. Fiji would fall short from winning gold for a third straight time in 2024 after a defeat in the final to hosts France. Overall, Fiji are the only national rugby sevens team in the world to have won the Sevens Treble (the Olympics, Sevens Series, and World Cup), the three major achievements in Sevens. They have won multiple World Rugby Sevens Series and Rugby World Cup Sevens.

Fiji Sevens is watched and enjoyed by fans around the world for its style of play — the "Flying Fijians" play with Fijian flair. Their passing and offloads can be unorthodox for traditional rugby coaching, and more similar to basketball style.
Chiliotrichum
Chiliotrichum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.

Species

Chiliotrichum angustifolium Phil. - Chile

Chiliotrichum diffusum (G.Forst.) Kuntze - Chile, Argentina, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

Chiliotrichum rosmarinifolium Less. - Chile, Argentina

Chiliotrichum tenue Phil. - Chile

Chiliotrichum diffusum
Chiliotrichum  diffusum is a species of small shrub, a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, commonly known as fachine, fascine or mata verde in Spanish. It is native to the southern tip of South America and the Falkland Islands.
Methanocalculus
Methanocalculus is a genus of archaeans in the order Methanomicrobiales, and is known to include methanogens.

The genome of Methanocalculus is somewhat different from other genera of methanogenic archaea, with less than 90% 16S ribosomal RNA similarity. The species within Methanocalculus also have a greater tolerance to salt than other microorganisms, and they can live at salt concentrations as high as 125 g/L. Some species within Methanocalculus are neutrophiles, and Methanocalculus natronophilus, discovered in 2013, is a strict alkaliphile.

Methanomicrobiales
Methanomicrobialesis an order of archaeans in the phylum Methanobacteriota. Methanomicrobiales are strictly carbon dioxide reducing methanogens, using hydrogen or formate as the reducing agent.
As seen from the phylogenetic tree based on 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project the family Methanomicrobiaceae is highly polyphyletic within the Methanomicrobiales.
Col Agnel
Col Agnel (Italian: Colle dell'Agnello) is a mountain pass in the Cottian Alps, west of Monte Viso between France and Italy which links the Queyras valley (Hautes-Alpes) with Pontechianale in the province of Cuneo, Piedmont.

At 2,744 m (9,003 ft), it is the third highest paved road pass of the Alps, after Stelvio Pass and Col de l'Iseran.

Despite being the highest international pass of the Alps, Col Agnel is somewhat unknown and not heavily used. It is one of the many passes suggested as the route taken by Hannibal in his march, with elephants, to attack Rome at the start of the Second Punic War and a modern-era plaque, mounted on a rock on the French side, commemorates the event.

Stelvio Pass
The Stelvio Pass (Italian: Passo dello Stelvio [ˈpasso dello ˈstɛlvjo, - ˈstelvjo] or Giogo dello Stelvio [ˈdʒoːɡo dello ˈstɛlvjo, - ˈstelvjo]; German: Stilfser Joch [ˈʃtɪlfsɐ ˈjɔx]) is a mountain pass in northern Italy bordering Switzerland at an elevation of 2,757 m (9,045 ft) above sea level. It is the highest paved mountain pass in the Eastern Alps, and the second highest in the Alps, 7 m (23 ft) below France's Col de l'Iseran (2,764 m (9,068 ft)).
Lalla Umm al-Iz at-Taba
Um'el'Iz Tabba'a (Arabic: أم العز التباع) was one of the wives of Alaouite Sultan Moulay Ismail and the mother of Prince Moulay Abdallah (not to be confused with the latter's half-brother, Sultan Moulay Abdallah).

Um'el'Iz was fluent in English. She was a mediator for the trade agreement and the Anglo-Moroccan peace treaty signed in 1722, on which occasion she had written exchanges with Charles Stewart, the English ambassador, who had requested her help.

Abdallah of Morocco
Moulay Abdallah (1694 – 10 November 1757) (Arabic: مولاي عبدالله بن إسماعيل) was the Sultan of Morocco six times between 1729 and 1757. He ascended the throne in the years 1729–1734, 1736, 1740–1741, 1741–1742, 1743–1747 and 1748–1757. He was a son of Sultan Ismail Ibn Sharif.
Oregon Sports Hall of Fame
The Oregon Sports Hall of Fame honors Oregon athletes, teams, coaches, and others who have made a significant contribution to sports in Oregon. The first class was inducted in 1980, with new inductees added every fall. Operated by the Oregon Sports Action, the physical museum is currently closed in preparation for moving to another facility.

Linfield University
Linfield University is a private liberal arts college with campuses in McMinnville, and Portland, Oregon. Linfield Wildcats athletics participate in the NCAA Division III Northwest Conference. Linfield reported a total of 1,755 students after the fall 2022 census date. The institution officially changed its name from Linfield College to Linfield University in 2020.
Nusu language
The Nusu language is a Loloish language spoken by the Nu people of China and Myanmar. There are three dialects: Northern, Southern, and Central. The Central dialect of Miangu is the prestige dialect and is understood fairly well by speakers of other dialects.

Lama (2012) observes a sound change, *r- > Ø- from Proto-Loloish, as a Nusoish innovation.

Loloish languages
The Loloish languages, also known as Yi (like the Yi people) and occasionally Ngwi or Nisoic, are a sub-branch of 50–100 Tibeto-Burman languages spoken primarily in the Yunnan province of Southwestern China. They are most closely related to Burmese and its relatives. Both the Loloish and Burmish branches are well defined, as is their superior node, Lolo-Burmese. However, sub-classification is more contentious.

The 2013 edition of Ethnologue  estimated a total number of 9 million native speakers of Loloish ("Ngwi") languages, the largest group being the speakers of Nuosu (Northern Yi) at 2 million speakers.
Ethiopropamine
Ethiopropamine (EPA), also known as N-ethylthiopropamine, is a stimulant drug which is the ethyl homologue of methiopropamine, or the thiophene analogue of ethamphetamine. It has been sold as a designer drug, first identified in Slovenia in 2021.

Etilamfetamine
Etilamfetamine, also known as N-ethylamphetamine and formerly sold under the brand names Apetinil and Adiparthrol, is a stimulant drug of the amphetamine family. It was invented in the early 20th century and was subsequently used as an anorectic or appetite suppressant in the 1950s, but was not as commonly used as other amphetamines such as amphetamine, methamphetamine, and benzphetamine, and was largely discontinued once newer drugs such as phenmetrazine were introduced.
Anglo-Chinese School (Independent)
Anglo-Chinese School (Independent) (ACS(I)) is an independent Methodist secondary school in Dover, Singapore. Founded in 1886 by Reverend William Fitzjames Oldham, it was recognised as an International Baccalaureate World School in 2005, and has since consistently ranked among the top three schools worldwide that offer the IB Diploma Programme.

Keeping in line with its history as a boys' school, ACS(I) provides secondary education for only boys from years 1 to 4. Since 2012, ACS(I) and its affiliated school Methodist Girls' School (MGS) have partnered for an Integrated Programme, which allows ACS(I) and MGS students to skip the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level examinations and proceed directly to years 5 and 6 at ACS(I) to complete the IB Diploma Programme.

Ministry of Finance (Singapore)
The Ministry of Finance (MOF; Malay: Kementerian Kewangan; Chinese: 财政部; Tamil: நிதி அமைச்சு) is a ministry of the Government of Singapore responsible for managing the fiscal policies and the structure of the economy of Singapore.
711 Naval Air Squadron
711 Naval Air Squadron (711 NAS) was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy (RN) which disbanded in December 1945. It was first formed from 447 (Catapult) Flight in 1936 and operated out of the Island of Malta, providing flights for the Royal Navy’s 1st Cruiser Squadron. By the beginning of World War II it had become a Squadron and was based in Egypt, but disbanded in 1940 when the Fleet Air Arm centralised the operations of the 700 series "Catapult" flights attached to catapult units. It reformed in September 1944 as a Torpedo Bomber Reconnaissance Training Squadron, based at HMS Jackdaw in Fife, Scotland, it was operational for just over one year before it was absorbed by 785 Naval Air Squadron.

RAF Kalafrana
RAF Kalafrana was a seaplane operations centre on the southernmost tip of Malta between 1917 and 1946 when it was transferred to the Royal Navy. It played an important role in both world wars, starting as a base for anti-submarine and anti-piracy operations, its role being expanded to include Air Sea Rescue (ASR) operations as aircraft usage and accident rates increased in the inter-war years.
K-Space (band)
K-Space are a British-Siberian experimental electroacoustic improvisation music ensemble comprising Scottish percussionist Ken Hyder, English multi-instrumentalist Tim Hodgkinson, and Siberian percussionist and throat singer Gendos Chamzyryn. The trio was formed in Tuva, Siberia in 1996. They have played in concerts in Asia and Europe, and released four CDs, including Infinity (2008), which was a new type of CD that is different every time it is played.

In a review of K-Space's second album, Going Up (2004), François Couture of AllMusic described their music as a mixture of "psychedelic shamanism" and "the strangest Krautrock you ever heard".

Live electronic music
Live electronic music (also known as live electronics) is a form of music that can include traditional electronic sound-generating devices, modified electric musical instruments, hacked sound generating technologies, and computers. Initially the practice developed in reaction to sound-based composition for fixed media such as musique concrète, electronic music and early computer music. Musical improvisation often plays a large role in the performance of this music. The timbres of various sounds may be transformed extensively using devices such as amplifiers, filters, ring modulators and other forms of circuitry. Real-time generation and manipulation of audio using live coding is now commonplace.
Durus kura
Durus kura (or simply Durus) is a traditional fried chicken curry, one of the most significant Arakanese, Bangladeshi dishes in the  Bengali and Rohingya cuisine of Arakan and  Chittagong, which is basically skinless whole chicken cooked in a thick broth. Duroos is typically popular for guests during weddings and other events in Chittagong and Arakan. Duroos can be served with polao or khichuri. Chicken is called kura or kuro in the Chittagonian language, from which the name derives. Chittagonians of Chittagong traditionally serves this dish to the groom in the wedding occasion.

Khichdi (dish)
Khichdi or khichri (Urdu: کھچڑی, romanised: khicṛī, Hindi: खिचड़ी, romanised: khicṛī, pronounced [ˈkʰɪtʃɽiː], Bengali: খিচুড়ি, romanised: Khicuṛi, Odia: ଖେଚୁଡି) is a dish in South Asian cuisine made of rice and lentils (dal) with numerous variations. Variations include bajra and mung dal khichri. In Indian culture, in several regions, especially in the northern areas, it is considered one of the first solid foods that babies eat.
Twenty-first Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland
The Twenty-first Amendment of the Constitution Act 2001 (previously bill no. 16 of 2001) is an amendment of the Constitution of Ireland which introduced a constitutional ban on the death penalty and removed all references to capital punishment from the text. It was approved by referendum on 7 June 2001 and signed into law on 27 March 2002. The referendum was held on the same day as referendums on the ratification of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, which was also approved, and on the ratification of the Nice Treaty, which was rejected.

Amendments to the Constitution of Ireland
Amendments to the Constitution of Ireland are only possible by way of referendum. A proposal to amend the Constitution of Ireland must be initiated as a bill in Dáil Éireann, be passed by both Houses of the Oireachtas (parliament), then submitted to a referendum, and finally signed into law by the president of Ireland. Since the constitution entered into force on 29 December 1937, there have been 32 amendments to the constitution.

Aside from amendments to the Constitution itself, the Constitution also provides for referendums on ordinary bills; this is known as an ordinary referendum. This provision has never been used.
COVID-19 vaccination in Angola
COVID-19 vaccination in Angola is an ongoing immunisation campaign against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in response to the ongoing pandemic in the country.
As of 15 June 2021, Angola has administered 1,314,375 doses of vaccines.822,109 people with the first dose and 492,266 people fully vaccinated. Angola began their vaccination program shortly after receiving their first shipment of Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine in early March 2021.

COVID-19 pandemic in Angola
The COVID-19 pandemic in Angola was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have spread to Angola in late March 2020, with the first two cases being confirmed on 21 March.
Simeon G. Murafa
Simeon Gheorghevici Murafa (also spelled Simion or Semion Murafa; May 24, 1887 – August 20, 1917) was a Bessarabian politician in the Russian Empire, also known as a publicist and composer. A trained classical singer and a graduate of Saint Vladimir (Shevchenko) University, he was one of the leading activists supporting ethnic Romanian emancipation in Bessarabia and beyond. By 1914, he associated with the revolutionary core of the Romanian nationalist movement, which he represented as director of Cuvânt Moldovenesc newspaper.

An officer of the Imperial Russian Army during World War I, Murafa mainly used his position to advance Romanian nationalism. In early 1917, he helped establish the Moldavian National Party, helping to organize its cells in Bessarabia and Odessa. He was murdered while attending a friend's party, after a group of revolutionary soldiers identified him as a political enemy. His legacy is honored in both Romania and Moldova.

Ștefan Ciobanu
Ștefan Ciobanu (born 11 November 1883 – 28 February 1950) was a Moldovan historian and academician, author of some important works about ancient Romanian literature, Romanian culture in Basarabia under Russian occupation, Bessarabian demography, fervent advocate of the introduction of the Romanian language in the schools of Bessarabia, vice-president of the Romanian Academy between 1944 and 1948. He served as Minister of Education (1917–1918) of the short-lived Moldavian Democratic Republic.