hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Artists Authorship Rights Act (New York)
The Artists Authorship Rights Act is a 1984 New York law that provides legal protection for artists' moral rights.

The law was in part a reaction to California's passage of the California Art Preservation Act, however the New York Act provided for artists the right to disavow works that were altered against their wishes.

The Act was preempted by the similar federal Visual Artists Rights Act of 1990 (VARA), as held in Board of Managers of Soho Int'l Arts Condominium v. City of New York (S.D.N.Y. 2003). Although preempted, it remains part of New York law.

Visual Artists Rights Act
The Visual Artists Rights Act of 1990 (VARA; Pub. L. 101–650 title VI, 17 U.S.C. § 106A), is a United States law granting certain rights to artists.

VARA was the first federal copyright legislation to grant protection to moral rights. Under VARA, works of art that meet certain requirements afford their authors additional rights in the works, regardless of any subsequent physical ownership of the work itself, or regardless of who holds the copyright to the work. For instance, a painter may insist on proper attribution of their painting, and in some instances may sue the owner of the physical painting for destroying the painting even if the owner of the painting lawfully owned it.

Although federal law had not acknowledged moral rights before this act, some state legislatures and judicial decisions created limited moral-rights protection. The Berne Convention required the protection of these rights by signatory states, and it was in response that the U.S. Congress passed the VARA.
Redcastle, County Donegal
Redcastle (Irish: Carraig Mhic Uidhilín) is a village in County Donegal, Ireland, located on the eastern shores of Inishowen and overlooking the wide expanse of Lough Foyle. To the south is the city of Derry and to the north lie the villages of Moville and Greencastle.

Greencastle, County Donegal
Greencastle (Irish: An Caisleán Nua, meaning 'New Castle') is a commercial fishing port located in the north-east of the Inishowen Peninsula on the north coast of County Donegal in Ulster, Ireland. The port is on the western shores of Lough Foyle. Nowadays, given the decline in the fishing industry, it resembles more closely a 'typical' Donegal holiday village. It is located a few miles from Moville and is about 20 miles from Derry.

Greencastle's name comes from the castle in the area, which, in turn, may have derived its name from the green freestone with which it was built. The castle, originally built by the Anglo-Normans, is also known as Northburgh Castle.

The port was the fastest growing urban area in County Donegal between the 2016 and 2022 census, with a population increase of 52.6% from 831 to 1,268.
Zdravets, Varna Province
Zdravets (Bulgarian: Здравец) is a village in the municipality of Avren, in Varna Province, northeastern Bulgaria. The village lies 10 kilometres east of Avren, south of Beloslav and Beloslav Lake and northwest of Benkovski and Priseltsi. The village covers an area of 24.947 km2 and according to the 2007 census had a population of 326 inhabitants.

Avren, Varna Province
Avren (Bulgarian: Аврен,  pronounced [ɐvˈrɛn]) is a village in northeastern Bulgaria, part of Varna Province. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Avren Municipality in the eastern part of Varna Province.
Uasin Gishu people
The Uasin Gishu people were a community that inhabited a plateau located in western Kenya that today bears their name. They are said to have arisen from the scattering of the Kwavi by the Maasai in the 1830s. They were one of two significant sections of that community that stayed together. The other being the Laikipiak with whom they would later ally against the Maasai.

Maasai people
The Maasai (/ˈmɑːsaɪ, mɑːˈsaɪ/) are an Eastern Nilotic ethnic group native to northern, central and southern regions of Kenya including northern Tanzania, near the African Great Lakes region. Their native language is the Maasai language, a Nilotic language related to Dinka, Kalenjin and Nuer. A branch within the broader Nilo-Saharan language family. Except for some elders living in rural areas, most Maasai people speak the official languages of Kenya and Tanzania—Swahili and English.

The Maasai population has been reported as numbering 1,189,522 in Kenya in the 2019 census compared to 377,089 in the 1989 census.
Platypria
Platypria is a genus of hispine leaf-beetles. There are about 34 species found mostly in the Asian and African tropics. The larvae mine the leaves of plants and hosts include plants in the families Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Myricaceae, Poaceae, Rhamnaceae, Roseaceae and Rubiaceae. The adults are 4 to 7 mm long and have spine like growths on the pronotum and elytra. There are also translucent patches on the elytra. The antennae have 9 segments and arise close to each other on the head.

Species in the genus are placed under two subgenera Platypria and Dichirispa. The translucent windows on the elytra margins are found in the subgenus Platypria.

Cassidinae
The Cassidinae (tortoise and leaf-mining beetles) are a subfamily of the leaf beetles, or Chrysomelidae. The antennae arise close to each other and some members have the pronotal and elytral edges extended to the side and covering the legs so as to give them the common name of tortoise beetles. Some members, such as in the tribe Hispini, are notable for the spiny outgrowths to the pronotum and elytra.
Kanti, Muzaffarpur
Kanti is a town and a notified area in Muzaffarpur district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is also a block headquarters belongs to Tirhut division. It is located 15km by road from district headquarters located in Muzaffarpur. Kanti holds a distinct history for it was a spot for indigo production. Kanti was once a site for saltpeter production.  In 2022, Kanti Nagar Panchayat was upgraded to Nagar Parishad (Municipal Council). The PIN (Postal Index Number) code of this location is 843109.

Muzaffarpur
Muzaffarpur pronunciationⓘ is a city in the Muzaffarpur district, situated on the banks of the Burhi Gandak River in the Tirhut division of the Indian state of Bihar. It serves as the administrative headquarters of both the Tirhut division and the Muzaffarpur district. Muzaffarpur is the fourth most populous city in Bihar and is often referred to as the Capital of North Bihar.

The city is renowned for its Shahi lychee, earning it the nickname Lychee Kingdom of India.

A study conducted by the Government of Bihar identified Muzaffarpur, along with Patna, Vaishali, Gaya, and Begusarai, as one of the top five districts in the state in terms of rapid economic growth.
Kitayama Kofun
The Kitayama Kofun (北山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in the Nohana Kitayama neighborhood of the town of Yurihama, Tōhaku District, Tottori Prefecture in the San'in region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1980. It is the largest burial mound in Tottori Prefecture and is estimated to have been built in the first half of the 5th century (middle of the Kofun period).

Yurihama, Tottori
Yurihama (湯梨浜町, Yurihama-chō) is a town located in Tōhaku District, Tottori Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 December 2022, the town had an estimated population of 16,515 in 6452 households and a population density of 210 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 77.94 square kilometres (30.09 sq mi).
Saint John South
Saint John South was a provincial electoral district in New Brunswick. It was created from the multi-member riding of Saint John Centre in the 1973 electoral redistribution, and was abolished in the 1994 electoral redistribution.

Saint John Centre (electoral district)
Saint John Centre was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, Canada. It was created from Saint John in 1795 as Saint John City. It was renamed Saint John Centre in 1967.

It elected multiple members through the bloc voting system — two members prior to 1892 and four members from 1892 to 1973.

It was abolished with the 1973 electoral redistribution, when the province moved to single-member ridings.
Trustee Chambers
Trustee Chambers is a heritage-listed former house and subsequent commercial building at 170 Quay Street, Rockhampton, Rockhampton Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by architect John William Wilson and built from 1876 to 1877. It is also known as Residence of Dr William Callaghan and River Chambers. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Mount Morgan Mine
Mount Morgan Mine was a copper, gold and silver mine in Queensland, Australia. Mining began at Mount Morgan in 1882 and continued until 1981. Over its lifespan, the mine yielded approximately 262 metric tons (258 long tons; 289 short tons) of gold, 37 metric tons (36 long tons; 41 short tons) of silver and 387,000 metric tons (381,000 long tons; 427,000 short tons) of copper. The mine was once the largest gold mine in the world.

The Mount Morgan Mine also operated assay laboratories, brickworks, foundry, power house and workshops (including carpentry, electrical and plumbing) as part of its operations. The Mount Morgan Mine also contained Fireclay Caverns excavated to provide clay for the mine brickworks.

Wealth from the Mount Morgan mine funded Persian oil exploration, establishing the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, which became BP in 1954. Wealth from the Mount Morgan mine was also bequeathed in 1912 to establish the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research.
Who Saw Her Die?
Who Saw Her Die? (Italian: Chi l'ha vista morire?) is a 1972 Italian giallo film directed by Aldo Lado and Vittorio De Sisti, starring Anita Strindberg and George Lazenby. Lazenby and Strindberg play the parents of a murdered girl, who pursue her black-veiled killer throughout Venice. Who Saw Her Die? features music by Ennio Morricone, and has seen positive reviews for Lazenby's performance.

Giallo
In Italian cinema, giallo (Italian: [ˈdʒallo]; pl.: gialli; from giallo, lit. 'yellow') is a genre that often contains slasher, thriller, psychological horror, psychological thriller, sexploitation, and, less frequently, supernatural horror elements.

This particular style of Italian-produced murder mystery horror-thriller film usually blends the atmosphere and suspense of thriller fiction with elements of horror fiction (such as slasher violence) and eroticism (similar to the French fantastique genre), and often involves a mysterious killer whose identity is not revealed until the final act of the film. The genre developed in the mid-to-late 1960s, peaked in popularity during the 1970s, and subsequently declined in commercial mainstream filmmaking over the next few decades, though examples continue to be produced. It was a predecessor to, and had significant influence on, the later slasher film genre.
Yinotheria
Yinotheria is a proposed basal subclass clade of crown mammals uniting the Shuotheriidae, an extinct group of mammals from the Jurassic of Eurasia, with Australosphenida, a group of mammals known from the Jurassic to Cretaceous of Gondwana, which possibly include living monotremes. Today, there are only five surviving species of monotremes which live in Australia and New Guinea, consisting of the platypus and four species of echidna. Fossils of yinotheres have been found in Britain, China, Russia, Madagascar and Argentina. Contrary to other known crown mammals, they retained postdentary bones as shown by the presence of a postdentary trough. The extant members (monotremes) developed the mammalian middle ear independently.

Other studies have rejected Yinotheria, finding Shuotheriidae to be unrelated to Australosphenida and outside crown Mammalia.

Obdurodon
Obdurodon is a genus of extinct platypus-like Australian monotreme which lived from the Late Oligocene to the Late Miocene. Three species have been described in the genus, the type species Obdurodon insignis, plus Obdurodon dicksoni and Obdurodon tharalkooschild. Obdurodon appeared much like their modern day relative the platypus, except adults retained their molar teeth, and unlike the platypus, which forages on the lakebed, they may have foraged in the water column or surface.
Pullback (category theory)
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a pullback (also called a fiber product, fibre product, fibered product or Cartesian square) is the limit of a diagram consisting of two morphisms f : X → Z and g : Y → Z with a common codomain. The pullback is written

P = X ×f, Z, g Y.

Usually the morphisms f and g are omitted from the notation, and then the pullback is written

P = X ×Z Y.

The pullback comes equipped with two natural morphisms P → X and P → Y.  The pullback of two morphisms f and g need not exist, but if it does, it is essentially uniquely defined by the two morphisms. In many situations, X ×Z Y may intuitively be thought of as consisting of pairs of elements (x, y) with x in X, y in Y, and f(x)  =  g(y). For the general definition, a universal property is used, which essentially expresses the fact that the pullback is the "most general" way to complete the two given morphisms to a commutative square.

The dual concept of the pullback is the pushout.

Initial and terminal objects
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, an initial object of a category C is an object I in C such that for every object X in C, there exists precisely one morphism I → X.

The dual notion is that of a terminal object (also called terminal element): T is terminal if for every object X in C there exists exactly one morphism X → T. Initial objects are also called coterminal or universal, and terminal objects are also called final.

If an object is both initial and terminal, it is called a zero object or null object.  A pointed category is one with a zero object.

A strict initial object I is one for which every morphism into I is an isomorphism (strict terminal objects are defined analogously).
Code page 1023
Code page 1023 (CCSID 1023), also known as CP1023 or E7DEC, is an IBM code page number assigned to the Spanish variant of DEC's National Replacement Character Set (NRCS). The 7-bit character set was introduced for DEC's computer terminal systems, starting with the VT200 series in 1983, but is also used by IBM for their DEC emulation. Similar but not identical to the series of ISO 646 character sets, the character set is a close derivation from ASCII with only eight code points differing.

National Replacement Character Set
The National Replacement Character Set (NRCS) was a feature supported by later models of Digital's (DEC) computer terminal systems, starting with the VT200 series in 1983. NRCS allowed individual characters from one character set to be replaced by one from another set, allowing the construction of different character sets on the fly. It was used to customize the character set to different local languages, without having to change the terminal's ROM for different countries, or alternately, include many different sets in a larger ROM. Many 3rd party terminals and terminal emulators supporting VT200 codes also supported NRCS.
2019 Queen's Club Championships
The 2019 Queen's Club Championships (also known as the Fever-Tree Championships for sponsorship reasons) was a tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 117th edition of the event and part of the ATP Tour 500 series of the 2019 ATP Tour. It took place at the Queen's Club in London, United Kingdom from 17 June to 23 June.

2019 ATP Tour
The 2019 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2019 tennis season. The 2019 ATP Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Tour Masters 1000, the ATP Finals, the ATP Tour 500 series, the ATP Tour 250 series and Davis Cup (organised by the ITF). Also included in the 2019 calendar were the Hopman Cup, the Laver Cup and the Next Gen ATP Finals which do not distribute ranking points. For the Masters series events the ATP introduced a shot clock. Players had a minute to come on court, 5 minutes to warmup, and then a minute to commence play, as well as 25 seconds between points.
Neurotrophin-3
Neurotrophin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NTF3 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene, NT-3, is a neurotrophic factor in the NGF (Nerve Growth Factor) family of neurotrophins. It is a protein growth factor which has activity on certain neurons of the peripheral and central nervous system; it helps to support the survival and differentiation of existing neurons, and encourages the growth and differentiation of new neurons and synapses. NT-3 was the third neurotrophic factor to be characterized, after nerve growth factor (NGF) and BDNF (Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor).

Growth factor
A growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cell proliferation, wound healing, and occasionally cellular differentiation. Usually it is a secreted protein or a steroid hormone.
Andrew Moloney
Andrew Moloney (born 10 January 1991) is an Australian professional boxer who held the WBA (Regular) super-flyweight title in 2020, having previously held the interim title since 2019. At regional level he held the WBA Oceania bantamweight title from 2016 to 2017 and the Commonwealth super-flyweight title in 2017. As an amateur, he won a gold medal at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in the flyweight division.

Boxing at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Flyweight
The Flyweight boxing competition at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland took place between 25 July and 2 August at the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre. Flyweights were limited to those boxers weighing less than 52 kilograms but weighing above 49 kilograms.

Like all Commonwealth boxing events, the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament. Both semifinal losers were awarded bronze medals, so no boxers competed again after their first loss. Bouts consisted of three rounds of three minutes each, with one-minute breaks between rounds. Punches scored only if the front of the glove made full contact with the front of the head or torso of the opponent. Tree scored each bout; the winner of the bout was the boxer who won the most rounds.
Make-Up Artists & Hair Stylists Guild Awards 2021
The 14th Make-Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild Awards are presented by the Make-Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild to honor the best make-up and hairstyling in film and television for 2021, the winners were announced on February 19, 2022, at the Beverly Hilton Hotel. Make-up artist Michèle Burke and hairstylist Joy Zapata received the Lifetime Achievement Award.

The nominations were announced on January 11, 2022.

Make-Up Artists & Hair Stylists Guild
The Make-Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild is an American labor union representing make-up artists and hair stylists in feature films, television programs, commercials, live network events and theatrical productions in the United States.
Ebola in the United Kingdom
Ebola virus disease in the United Kingdom and Ireland has occurred rarely in four cases to date, namely three health workers returning from treating victims of the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa in 2014 and 2015, and a single case in 1976, when a laboratory technician contracted the disease in a needlestick injury while handling samples from Africa. All cases recovered.
As of 2023, no domestic transmission of Ebola has occurred in the United Kingdom or Ireland.

2022–2023 Uganda Ebola outbreak
An outbreak of the Sudan ebolavirus from 20 September 2022 until 10 January 2023 in the Western and Central Regions of Uganda infected over 160 people and killed 77. It was Uganda's fifth outbreak with Sudan ebolavirus. The Ugandan Ministry of Health declared the outbreak on 20 September 2022. As of 25 October 2022, there were confirmed cases in the Mubende, Kyegegwa, Kassanda, Kagadi, Bunyanga, Kampala and Wakiso districts. As of 24 October 2022, there were a total of 90 confirmed or probable cases and 44 deaths. On 12 October, the first recorded death in the capital of Kampala occurred; 12 days later on 24 October, there had been a total of 14 infections in the capital in the last two days.
On 11 January 2023 after 42 days without new cases the outbreak was declared over.
Spintex Road
Spintex Road is a major road and commercial corridor in Accra, the capital of Ghana. The road stretches from the Tetteh Quarshie Interchange in the west to the Tema Motorway Roundabout in the east, running parallel to the Tema Motorway. It passes through residential and industrial areas such as Baatsona, Lashibi, and Manet.

Spintex Road serves as a commercial and residential corridor connecting Accra’s city center with the industrial zones near Tema. The name "Spintex" originates from the textile company Spintex Limited, which established operations along the route in the 1980s. Over time, the name came to represent the entire stretch of road and surrounding communities.

The road has evolved into one of Accra’s main business corridors, hosting offices, shopping malls, banks, restaurants, and manufacturing facilities. It is also home to several gated communities and residential estates catering to middle- and upper-income residents.

Tetteh Quarshie Interchange
The Tetteh Quarshie Interchange is a cloverleaf interchange carrying a six-lane motorway that links the Liberation Road from 37 Military Hospital to the Pantang junction through Madina in Accra, Ghana. The interchange was commissioned for vehicular use on 27 February 2005 by then president of Ghana, John Agyekum Kufuor.
Outline of Turkey
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Turkey:

Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, sovereign Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in Southwest Asia and Thrace (Rumelia) at the southeastern tip of the Balkan Peninsula in Southern Europe. Turkey is a democratic, secular, unitary, constitutional republic whose political system was established in 1923 under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, following the fall of the Ottoman Empire in the aftermath of World War I.

Corruption in Turkey
Corruption in Turkey is an issue that affects the accession of Turkey to the European Union. Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index scores 180 countries according to their perceived level of public sector corruption on a scale of 0 (very corrupt) to 100 (very honest). Since the current scale was introduced in 2012, Turkey's score has fallen from its highest score of 50 (2013) to its lowest, current score of 34 (2023 and 2024), its lowest score since the current version of the Index began in 2012. When the 180 countries in the Index were ranked by their score (with the country perceived to be most honest ranked 1), Turkey ranked 107 in 2024. For comparison with regional scores, the best score among Eastern European and Central Asian countries was 53, the average score was 35 and the worst score was 17. For comparison with worldwide scores, the best score was 90 (ranked 1), the average score was 43, and the worst score was 8 (ranked 180).
Regular category
In category theory, a regular category is a category with finite limits and coequalizers of all pairs of morphisms called kernel pairs, satisfying certain exactness conditions. In that way, regular categories recapture many properties of abelian categories, like the existence of images, without requiring additivity. At the same time, regular categories provide a foundation for the study of a fragment of first-order logic, known as regular logic.

Exact sequence
In mathematics, an exact sequence is a sequence of morphisms between objects (for example, groups, rings, modules, and, more generally, objects of an abelian category) such that the image of one morphism equals the kernel of the next.