hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Harry Wells (rugby union)
Harry Ronald Wells (born 29 September 1993) is an English rugby union player for Leicester Tigers in Premiership Rugby, the top division of rugby union. His primary positions are lock and flanker.  He has also played for Nottingham and Bedford Blues in the RFU Championship, England second division.  He has won one cap for the England national team. He was a Premiership Rugby champion in 2022.

2024–25 Premiership Rugby
The 2024–25 Premiership Rugby is the 38th season of the top flight of English domestic rugby union competition. The season began on 20 September 2024 and finished on 14 June 2025.

The reigning champions entering the season are Northampton Saints, who claimed their second league title after winning the 2024 final. No team was promoted from the 2023–24 RFU Championship, as the champions, Ealing Trailfinders, were not able to meet the eligibility criteria required to enter the league.
Gazan Ashehi
Gazan Ashehi (Persian: گزان اشه اي, also Romanized as Gazān Āshehī; also known as Gazān Hāshtī) is a village in Damen Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 119, in 23 families.

Damen Rural District
Damen Rural District (Persian: دهستان دامن) is in Damen District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kuran-e Sofla. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Zehlenfan.
Daniel St. Pierre
Daniel St. Pierre is an American film director, art director, production designer, voice actor, animator, and musician. For his work in bringing the Deep Canvas technique to the Disney film Tarzan (1999), he received a 1999 Annie Award nomination for Outstanding Individual Achievement for Production Design in an Animated Feature Production.

Midnight Patrol: Adventures in the Dream Zone
Midnight Patrol: Adventures in the Dream Zone is an animated television series produced by H-B Production Co. in conjunction with Sleepy Kids PLC and is known outside the U.S. as Potsworth & Co. In the United Kingdom, the BBC felt that the suggestion of children being awake after midnight was inappropriate (which is reflected in the theme song's lyrics in the British broadcast); thus the name was changed.

The show is about four children who meet in their dreams every night, accompanied by their dog Potsworth and a toy dinosaur, to protect the sleep of the innocent from the dreaded Nightmare Prince.
Platypus (submarine)
Platypus was a 10-metre (33 ft) long iron-plate submarine. It was built in 1873 in Dunedin, and is thought to be the only submarine to have been built in New Zealand. It is one of the earliest surviving examples of a submarine in the world. The submarine was built to traverse rivers for the New Zealand Submarine Gold Mining Company Ltd, following the peak of the Otago gold rush.

The remains are now on display in Middlemarch, and in 2019 the Strath Taieri Historical Society received funding to build a covered structure for the submarine and undertake basic conservation work, though the central section of the vessel has not yet been recovered.

Otago gold rush
The Otago gold rush (often called the Central Otago gold rush) was a gold rush that occurred during the 1860s in Central Otago, New Zealand. This was the country's biggest gold strike, and led to a rapid influx of foreign miners to the area – many of them veterans of other hunts for the precious metal in California and Victoria, Australia. The number of miners reached its maximum of 18,000 in February 1864.

The rush started at Gabriel's Gully but spread throughout much of Central Otago, leading to the rapid expansion and commercialisation of the new colonial settlement of Dunedin, which quickly grew to be New Zealand's largest city. Only a few years later, most of the smaller new settlements were deserted, and gold extraction became more long-term, industrialised-mechanical process.
Yield protection
Yield protection is a verified admissions practice in which an academic institution rejects or delays the acceptance of highly qualified students on the grounds that such students are likely to be accepted by, and then enroll in, more selective institutions. The purpose of the practice is to increase yield, a statistic that reflects the proportion of students that accept their admissions offer.

Some critics of the theory hold that it is a myth propagated by anxious college applicants to cope with rejection. This view proposes that, rather than yield protection, it is actually negative subjective factors in an application that may contribute to a rejection, despite the applicant's strong qualifications.

University and college admission
University admission or college admission is the process through which students enter tertiary education at universities and colleges. Systems vary widely from country to country, and sometimes from institution to institution.

In many countries, prospective university students apply for admission during their last year of high school or community college. In some countries, there are independent organizations or government agencies to centralize the administration of standardized admission exams and the processing of applications.
Greater Imphal
Greater Imphal (Meitei: ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ) is an area that covers parts of both Imphal East district and Imphal West district. It covers Imphal Municipal Corporation, 16 Census Towns, 5 Out-Growths, 56 villages, Langol Hill Reserve Forest. It covers an area of 151.38 km2.

Imphal East district
Imphal East district (Meitei pronunciation: /ˈɪmfəl or ɪmˈfɑːl/) is one of the 16 districts of Manipur state in northeastern India. In 2011, it was the second most populous district in the state, after Imphal West. In 2016, the Jiribam subdivision, which was an exclave at the western periphery of the state, was separated as an independent district.
Costello van Steenis
Costello van Steenis (born 26 July 1992) is a Dutch-Spanish professional mixed martial artist who currently competes in the middleweight division of the PFL, where he is the current and inaugural PFL Middleweight World Champion. Van Steenis has been a professional MMA fighter since 2014 and has previously competed in Bellator MMA. As of January 27, 2026, he is #4 in the PFL men's pound-for-pound rankings.

In August 2025, he reached No. 7 in the middleweight rankings according to Fight Matrix.

Middleweight (MMA)
The middleweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's middleweight division, which groups competitors within 171 to 185 lb (77.5 to 84 kg)

The Shooto's middleweight class, which refers to competitors between 155 and 170 lb (70.3 and 77.1 kg)

The ONE Championship's middleweight division follows the Pride FC model, with an upper limit of 93 kg (205 lb)

The Road FC's  middleweight division, with an upper limit of 185 lb (84 kg)
Sobole, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Sobole [sɔˈbɔlɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wieliczki, within Olecko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-east of Wieliczki, 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Olecko, and 141 km (88 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Wieliczki
Wieliczki [vjɛˈlit͡ʂki] is a village in Olecko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wieliczki. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-east of Olecko and 139 km (86 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.
Friedrich Geiger
Friedrich Geiger (24 November 1907 – 13 June 1996) was a German automobile designer who designed the pre-World War II Mercedes-Benz 540K and post-war Mercedes-Benz 300SL, which are among the most highly regarded cars in automotive history.

Convertible
A convertible or cabriolet (/ˌkæbrioʊˈleɪ/) is a passenger car that can be driven with or without a roof in place. The methods of retracting and storing the roof vary across eras and manufacturers.

A convertible car's design allows an open-air driving experience, with the ability to provide a roof when required. A potential drawback of convertibles is their reduced structural rigidity (requiring significant engineering and modification to counteract the side effects of almost completely removing a car's roof).

The majority of convertible roofs are of a folding construction framework with the actual top made from cloth or other fabric. Other types of convertible roofs include retractable hardtops (often constructed from metal or plastic) and detachable hardtops (where a metal or plastic roof is manually removed and often stored in the trunk).
Gornomariysky District
Gornomariysky District (Russian: Горномари́йский райо́н; Meadow Mari: Курыкмарий кундем, Kurykmarij kundem; Hill Mari: Кырык мары кымдем, Kyryk mary kymdem) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fourteen in the Mari El Republic, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and is the only district on the right bank of the Volga River. It borders with Yurinsky District in the north, Kilemarsky District and the Chuvash Republic in the south, and with Nizhny Novgorod Oblast in the west. The area of the district is 1,730 square kilometers (670 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kozmodemyansk (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 25,869.

Yurinsky District
Yurinsky District (Russian: Ю́ринский райо́н; Hill Mari: Йӱрнӹ кымдем, Jürnÿ kymdem; Meadow Mari: Йӱрнӧ кундем, Jürnö kundem) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fourteen in the Mari El Republic, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic. The area of the district is 2,040 square kilometers (790 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Yurino. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 8,758, with the population of Yurino accounting for 39.6% of that number.
Gmina Pawłowice
Gmina Pawłowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Pawłowice, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) west of Pszczyna and 38 km (24 mi) south-west of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 75.77 square kilometres (29.3 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 18,171.

Pszczyna County
Pszczyna County (Polish: powiat pszczyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Pszczyna, which lies 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of the regional capital Katowice.

The county covers an area of 473.46 square kilometres (182.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 111,324, out of which the population of Pszczyna is 25,823 and the rural population is 85,501.
Finglas
Finglas (/ˈfɪŋɡləs/; Irish: Fionnghlas, meaning 'clear streamlet') is a northwestern outer suburb of Dublin, Ireland.  It lies close to Junction 5 of the M50 motorway, and the N2 road. Nearby suburbs include Glasnevin and Ballymun; Dublin Airport is seven km (4.3 mi) to the north. Finglas lies mainly in the postal district of Dublin 11.

Finglas is the core of a civil parish of the same name in the barony of Castleknock.

Dick McKee
Richard "Dick" McKee (Irish: Risteárd Mac Aoidh; 4 April 1893 – 21 November 1920) was a prominent member of the Irish Republican Army (IRA). He was also friend to some senior members in the republican movement, including Éamon de Valera, Austin Stack and Michael Collins. Along with Peadar Clancy and Conor Clune, he was killed by his captors in Dublin Castle on Sunday, 21 November 1920, a day known as Bloody Sunday that also saw the killing of a network of British intelligence agents by the "Squad" unit of the Irish Republican Army and the killing of 14 people in Croke Park by the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC).
2010 UniCredit Czech Open
The 2010 UniCredit Czech Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Prostějov, Czech Republic between 31 May and 5 June 2010.

Czech Open (tennis)
The UniCredit Czech Open is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is held annually at TK Agrofert Prostějov in Prostějov, Czech Republic, since 1994.

Jan Hájek, Radek Štěpánek, Jiří Veselý are the singles record holders with three titles won. Jaroslav Levinský, winning three times the doubles titles, is the record holder for that tournament category.
Spruce View
Spruce View is a hamlet in central Alberta, Canada within Red Deer County.  It is located on Highway 54, approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Innisfail. Spruce View is also recognized by Statistics Canada as a designated place.

Red Deer County
Red Deer County is a municipal district in central Alberta, Canada within Census Division No. 8 and surrounding the City of Red Deer. The neighbouring municipalities of Red Deer County are Clearwater County to the west, Lacombe County to the north, the County of Stettler No. 6 to the east, Kneehill County to the southeast and Mountain View County to the south. It is located approximately midway between Edmonton and Calgary, bisected by the Queen Elizabeth II Highway and bounded on the north and east by the Red Deer River.
Devarda's alloy
Devarda's alloy (CAS # 8049-11-4) is an alloy of aluminium (44% – 46%), copper (49% – 51%) and zinc (4% – 6%).

Devarda's alloy is used as reducing agent in analytical chemistry for the determination of nitrates after their reduction to ammonia under alkaline conditions. It is named for Italian chemist Arturo Devarda (1859–1944), who synthesised it at the end of the 19th century to develop a new method to analyze nitrate in Chile saltpeter.

It was often used in the quantitative or qualitative analysis of nitrates in agriculture and soil science before the development of ion chromatography, the predominant analysis method largely adopted worldwide today.

Nitrate test
A nitrate test is a chemical test used to determine the presence of nitrate ion in solution. Testing for the presence of nitrate via wet chemistry is generally difficult compared with testing for other anions,as almost all nitrates are soluble in water. In contrast, many common ions give insoluble salts, e.g. halides precipitate with silver, and sulfate precipitate with barium.

The nitrate anion is an oxidizer, and many tests for the nitrate anion are based on this property. However, other oxidants present in the analyte may interfere and give erroneous results.

Nitrate can also be detected by first reducing it to the more reactive nitrite ion and using one of many nitrite tests.
Hungarian Water Polo Federation
The Hungarian Water Polo Federation (Hungarian: Magyar Vízilabda Szövetség, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈvizilɒbdɒ ˈsøvɛt͡ʃːeːɡ], MVLSZ) is the governing body of water polo in Hungary. It was founded in 1989, previously being part of the Magyar Úszó Szövetség (Hungarian Swimming Association).

The Hungarian Water Polo Federation is a member of the Ligue Européenne de Natation (LEN) and the Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA). Its headquarters are in Budapest.

2020 Women's European Water Polo Championship
The 2020 Women's European Water Polo Championship was the 18th edition of the major European water polo tournament for national teams. It was held at the Danube Arena in Budapest, Hungary, from 12 to 25 January 2020.

Spain defeated Russia 13–12 in the final to win their second title.
Gmina Stary Dzików
Gmina Stary Dzików is a rural administrative district in Lubaczów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Stary Dzików, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) north-west of Lubaczów and 71 km (44 mi) east of the regional capital Rzeszów.

This administrative district covers an area of 155.77 square kilometres (60.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,588 (4,352 in 2013).

Lubaczów County
Lubaczów County (Polish: powiat lubaczowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland, on the border with Ukraine. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Lubaczów, which lies 81 kilometres (50 mi) east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The county contains three other towns: Oleszyce, 7 km (4 mi) west of Lubaczów, Narol, 26 km (16 mi) north-east of Lubaczów, and Cieszanów, 12 km (7 mi) north of Lubaczów.

The county covers an area of 1,308.37 square kilometres (505.2 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 55,438, out of which the population of Lubaczów is 12,018, that of Oleszyce is 2,974, that of Narol is 2,071, that of Cieszanów is 1,913, and the rural population is 36,462.
Church of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary (Manhattan)
The Church of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary was a former Roman Catholic parish church, primarily serving Italian-Americans, that has been demolished. The church was located on 309-315 East 33rd Street, in the Kips Bay area of  Manhattan, New York City. It has since been replaced by a chapel under the same name.

Kips Bay, Manhattan
Kips Bay, or Kip's Bay, is a neighborhood on the east side of the New York City borough of Manhattan. It is roughly bounded by 34th Street to the north, the East River to the east, 23rd Street to the south, and Third Avenue to the west.

Kips Bay is part of Manhattan Community District 6, and its primary ZIP Codes are 10010 and 10016. It is patrolled by the 13th and 17th Precincts of the New York City Police Department.
Otok, Poddębice County
Otok [ˈɔtɔk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zadzim, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Zadzim, 16 km (10 mi) south of Poddębice, and 39 km (24 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Zadzim
Zadzim [ˈzad͡ʑim] is a village in Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Zadzim. It lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-west of Poddębice and 43 km (27 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.
Ballstädt
Ballstädt (German pronunciation: [ˈbalʃtɛt]) is a village and Ortschaft of the municipality Nessetal in the district of Gotha, in Thuringia, Germany. Before 1 January 2019, when it was merged into the new municipality Nessetal, it was an independent municipality.

Gotha (district)
Gotha (German: Landkreis Gotha) is a Kreis (district) in western central Thuringia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis, Sömmerda, the Kreis-free city of Erfurt, Ilm-Kreis, Schmalkalden-Meiningen and the Wartburgkreis.
The Family of Sigismund I of Poland
The Family of Sigismund I of Poland or Portrait Miniatures of the Jagiellon Family (Polish: Miniatury portretowe rodziny Jagiellonów) is a set of ten  portrait miniatures of the Jagiellonian dynasty, produced in the studio of Lucas Cranach the Younger during Bona Sforza's time as queen in Poland after she had married Sigismund I of Poland, c. 1553–1555. They are all now in the Czartoryski Museum.

From left to right, the top row shows Sigismund I the Old of Poland, Bona Sforza, Sigismund II Augustus of Poland (1520–1572), Sigismund II's first wife Elizabeth of Austria, Queen of Poland and Sigismund II's second wife Barbara Radziwiłł. From left to right the bottom row shows Sigismund II's third wife Catherine of Austria (1533–1572) and his sisters Isabella (1519–1559), Catherine (1526–1583), Sophia (1522–1575) and Anna (1523–1596).

Bona Sforza
Bona Sforza (2 February 1494 – 19 November 1557) was Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania as the second wife of Sigismund the Old, and Duchess of Bari and Rossano by her own right. She was a surviving member of the powerful House of Sforza, which had ruled the Duchy of Milan since 1450.

Smart, energetic and ambitious, Bona became heavily involved in the political and cultural life of the Polish–Lithuanian union. To increase state revenue during the Chicken War, she implemented various economic and agricultural reforms, including the far-reaching Wallach Reform in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In foreign policy, she allied with the Ottoman Empire and sometimes opposed the Habsburgs. Her descendants became beneficiaries of the Neapolitan sums, a loan to Philip II of Spain that was never completely paid.
Sum-product number
A sum-product number in a given number base  is a natural number that is equal to the product of the sum of its digits and the product of its digits.

There are a finite number of sum-product numbers in any given base . In base 10, there are exactly four sum-product numbers (sequence A038369 in the OEIS): 0, 1, 135, and 144.

Periodic point
In mathematics, in the study of iterated functions and dynamical systems, a periodic point of a function is a point which the system returns to after a certain number of function iterations or a certain amount of time.
Guazzora
Guazzora is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) east of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Alessandria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 311 and an area of 2.9 square kilometres (1.1 sq mi).

Guazzora borders the following municipalities: Alzano Scrivia, Castelnuovo Scrivia, Isola Sant'Antonio, Molino dei Torti, and Sale.

Alessandria
Alessandria (Italian: [alesˈsandrja] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Lissandria [liˈsɑŋdrja]) is a city and commune in Piedmont, Italy, and the capital of the Province of Alessandria. With a population of 92,518, it is the 3rd-largest city in Piedmont and the 53rd-largest in Italy.

Known for the famous hat manufacturing company Borsalino and for its proximity to the historical site of the battle of Marengo, led by Napoleon, the town is an important agricultural, industrial and logistic hub within its region and Italy's North-West. With a surface extension that makes it Piedmont's largest municipality and a population of 92 839 inhabitants  (the third most popolous city in the region), Alessandria is located in the centre of the so-called "industrial triangle", whose vertices are Turin, Milan and Genoa. Alessandria is also home to one of the headquarters of the University of Eastern Piedmont, which is an academic institution that has a tripolar structure shared with Vercelli and Novara.
TMSR (Chinese reactor project)
TMSR (a shortened initialism of English Thorium Molten Salt Reactor Nuclear Energy System translated from Chinese: 钍基熔盐堆核能系统) is a long-term research and development project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), begun in 2011 and assigned to its Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SINAP), to design, test, and build nuclear reactors that incorporate molten salt as a fuel-carrier and/or coolant, and thorium as a fertile material. The TMSR facilities grew from the collaborative efforts of "nearly 100 domestic research institutions, universities and industrial companies", and are now "the world's only research platform dedicated to molten salt reactors and thorium-uranium fuel cycle studies".

Water splitting
Water splitting is the endergonic chemical reaction in which water is broken down into oxygen and hydrogen:

Efficient and economical water splitting would be a technological breakthrough that could underpin a hydrogen economy. A version of water splitting occurs in photosynthesis, but hydrogen is not released but rather used ionically to drive the Calvin cycle. The reverse of water splitting is the basis of the hydrogen fuel cell. Water splitting using solar radiation has not been commercialized.