hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Monocarboxylate transporter
The monocarboxylate transporters, or MCTs, are a family of proton-linked
plasma membrane transporters that carry molecules having one carboxylate group (monocarboxylates), such as lactate, pyruvate, and ketones across biological membranes. Acetate is actively transported to intestinal enteroendocrine cells via MCT, termed Targ (short for Tarag in Mongolian). MCTs are expressed in nearly every kind of cell.

There are 14 MCTs corresponding to 14 solute carrier 16A transporters, although the cardinal numbers do not match (for example MCT3 is SLC16A8). MCTs 1-4 have been more carefully investigated than MCTs 5-14.

MCTs can be upregulated by PPAR-α, HIF-1α, Nrf2, and AMPK.

Membrane transport protein
A membrane transport protein is a membrane protein involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, and macromolecules such as another protein, across a biological membrane. Transport proteins are integral transmembrane proteins, that is: they exist permanently within and span the membrane, across which they transport substances. The proteins may assist in the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion, active transport, osmosis, or reverse diffusion. The two main types of proteins involved in such transport are broadly categorized as either channels or carriers (a.k.a. permeases or transporters). Examples of channel/carrier proteins include the GLUT 1 uniporter, sodium channels, and potassium channels. The solute carriers and atypical SLCs are secondary active or facilitative transporters in humans. Collectively membrane transporters and channels are known as the transportome. Transportomes govern cellular influx and efflux of, not only ions and nutrients, but drugs as well.
East Torrey Glacier
East Torrey Glacier is located in Shoshone National Forest, in the U.S. state of Wyoming on the east side of the Continental Divide in the northern Wind River Range. Situated in the Fitzpatrick Wilderness, East Torrey Glacier is part of the largest grouping of glaciers in the American Rocky Mountains and is immediately east of Continental Glacier and north of Downs Mountain. The glacier has three separate lobes and has retreated well above two proglacial lakes.

Fitzpatrick Wilderness
The Fitzpatrick Wilderness is located in Shoshone National Forest in the U.S. state of Wyoming. The wilderness was originally known as the Glacier Primitive Area, but was redesignated a wilderness in 1976.
Phil Shanahan
Phil Shanahan (4 January 1928 – 5 February 2012) was an Irish hurler who played as a midfielder for the Tipperary and Dublin senior teams.

Shanahan made his first appearance for the Tipperary team during the 1946 championship and became a regular member of the team over the next decade. During that time he won three All-Ireland winners' medals, three Munster winners' medals and three National League winners' medals. In 1955 and 1956 Shanahan played with the Dublin senior team, however, he returned to Tipperary before his retirement from the inter-county scene after the 1957 championship.

At club level Shanahan is a county championship winners' medalist with the Toomevara club in Tipperary. He also played with the Young Irelands club in Dublin.

1948–49 National Hurling League
The 1948–49 National Hurling League was the 18th edition of the National Hurling League, which ran from 10 October 1948 until 8 May 1949.

Seventeen teams participated in the league, comprising two divisions of an unequal number of teams. Two points were awarded for a win and one point was awarded for a drawn game. The knock-out phase featured the top three teams from division one and the top two teams from division two.

Tipperary won the league, beating Cork by 3-5 to 3-3 in the final.
2008–09 Azadegan League
The 2008–09 Azadegan League was the 18th season of the Azadegan League and eight as the second highest division since its establishment in 1991. The season featured 22 teams from the 2007–08 Azadegan League, two new teams relegated from the 2007–08 Persian Gulf Cup (Sanat Naft and Shirin Faraz) and four new teams promoted from the 2007–08 2nd Division (Aluminium Hormozgan as champions and Mehrkam Pars, Payam Mokhaberat and Petroshimi Tabriz). Sanaye Arak changed their name to Aluminium Arak. The league started on 23 October 2008 and ended on 8 June 2009. Steel Azin and Tractor Sazi won the Azadegan League title for the first time in their history. Steel Azin, Tractor Sazi and Shahin Bushehr got promoted to the Persian Gulf Cup.

Steel Azin F.C.
Steel Azin Football Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتبال استيل آذین, Bashgah-e Futbal-e Estil Âzin) was an Iranian football club based in Tehran, Iran. The club was owned by Hossein Hedayati, owner of Steel Azin Iranian Holding Co. Steel Azin club also had a volleyball team, sponsored by the same company, which competed in the Iranian Volleyball Super League.
Thorntoun house and estate
Thorntoun School was opened by Barnardo's in September 1971 for children with emotional difficulties aged 11 to 16 years. The school closed in 1990 and Thorntoun is now a nursing home. The complex lies between the villages of Springside (North Ayrshire) and Crosshouse, Kilmarnock in East Ayrshire, Scotland. The old Thorntoun mansion house was demolished in the late 1960s, leaving the West Lodge, some of the home farm outbuildings, the stables and the walled garden as 'memorials' to the ancient history of the site. Many fine trees remain from the estate policies and the surviving gardens are very well maintained (2007). An entrance with a slight deviation from the old course has been created to serve the large modern buildings which house the nursing home.

Kilmaurs
Kilmaurs (from Scottish Gaelic  Cill Mhàrais) is a village in East Ayrshire, Scotland which lies just outside of the largest settlement in East Ayrshire, Kilmarnock. It lies on the Carmel Water, 21 miles (34 kilometres) southwest of Glasgow. Population recorded for the village in the 2001 Census recorded 2,601 people resided in the village  It was in the Civil Parish of Kilmaurs.
Bourne Windmill, Oakdale, New York
The Bourne Windmill, Oakdale, New York was an American farm design tower windmill, built in 1911 by Commodore Frederic G Bourne, as part of a farm in Oakdale, New York. It was located north of his South Shore estate, known as Indian Neck Hall, which later became LaSalle Military Academy. The windmill was demolished in 2004–2005.

Oakdale, New York
Oakdale is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in Suffolk County, New York, United States, situated on the South Shore of Long Island. The hamlet's population was 7,974 at the 2010 census.  Oakdale is in the Town of Islip. It has been home to Gilded Age mansions, the South Side Sportsmen's Club, the main campus of Dowling College and the Long Island Sharks hockey team. TSPL, “Trampoline Soccer Premier League” was also created here. It is now home to Connetquot River State Park Preserve.
Home for Aged Couples
The Home for Aged Couples is a group of three historic buildings at 409 and 419 Walnut Ave. and 2055 Columbus Avenue in the Jamaica Plain neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. The building at 409 Walnut Avenue has been boarded up and is partially demolished.

The Classical Revival buildings were designed by John A. Fox and Coolidge, Shepley, Bulfinch and Abbott and constructed between 1892 and 1927.  Around the time of the construction of the Badger Building in 1927, brick connectors were constructed between all three buildings; these have since been demolished.  The buildings were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. Since 1999 Rogerson Communities (founded in 1860 as the Home for Aged Men) has taken the lead in fundraising to redevelop the property.

Jamaica Plain
Jamaica Plain is a neighborhood of 4.4 square miles (11 km2) in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Settled by Puritans seeking farmland to the south, it was originally part of Roxbury. The community seceded from Roxbury during the formation of West Roxbury in 1851 and became part of Boston when West Roxbury was annexed in 1874. In the 19th century, Jamaica Plain became one of the first streetcar suburbs in America and home to a significant portion of Boston's Emerald Necklace of parks, designed by Frederick Law Olmsted.

In 2020, Jamaica Plain had a population of 41,012 according to the United States Census.
Tim Steele (footballer)
Timothy Wesley Steele (born 1 December 1967) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Bradford City, Exeter City, Hereford United, Shrewsbury Town, Stoke City and Wolverhampton Wanderers.

Steele began his career with Shrewsbury Town where he spent four years before moving to Wolverhampton Wanderers. He helped Wolves gain promotion in 1988–89 before he lost his place in the side to Andy Thompson. He joined Stoke City on loan in 1991–92 before leaving for Bradford City permanently in the summer of 1993. He then played for Hereford United and Exeter City.

1991–92 Stoke City F.C. season
The 1991–92 season was Stoke City's 85th season in the Football League and 3rd in the Third Division.

Lou Macari was appointed as Stoke City manager in June 1991 with the hope that he would be the man to bring life back into the club. He made an instant impact and Stoke were fully involved in the fight for promotion and it was very nearly achieved. Stoke reached the Football League play-offs for the first time but lost 2–1 on aggregate to Stockport County, Stoke did however beat County at Wembley in the final of the Football League Trophy. Stoke did well in terms of goalscoring with both Wayne Biggins and new signing Mark Stein scoring 20+.
John C. Woodson
John Chesterfield Woodson (December 25, 1823 – April 24, 1875) was a nineteenth-century American lawyer and politician from Virginia. Two earlier distantly related men of the same name had served in the Virginia General Assembly: John Woodson Sr. represented Goochland County before the Revolutionary War in the House of Burgesses and in two Revolutionary Conventions and married Dorothea Randolph, the aunt of future president Thomas Jefferson) and John Woodson Jr. another represented Cumberland County in the Virginia House of Delegates between 1788 and 1791.

Highland County, Virginia
Highland County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,232, making it the state's least populous jurisdiction, including counties and independent cities. Its county seat is Monterey.  Known as "Virginia's Switzerland" or "Virginia's Little Switzerland", Highland lays claim to being one of the least populous counties east of the Mississippi River, and is the second-highest county in Virginia by average elevation after Grayson.
Miss Brazil CNB 2019
Miss Brazil CNB 2019 was the 30th edition of the Miss Brazil CNB pageant and the 5th under CNB Miss Brazil. The contest took place on September 3, 2019. Each state, the Federal District and various Insular Regions & Cities competed for the title. Jéssica Carvalho of Piauí crowned her successor, Elís Miele Coelho of Espírito Santo at the end of the contest. Miele represented Brazil at Miss World 2019. The contest was held at the Dall'Onder Grand Hotel in Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Miss Brazil World
Miss Brazil World (Portuguese: Miss Brasil Mundo)  is an annual national beauty pageant that selects Brazil's official representative to Miss World.

The Brazilian representatives began to be sent from the year 1958, with girl from Pernambuco Sônia Maria Campos. Since 2006 who manages the sending of representatives to the international event is the team led by Henrique Fontes (Global Beauties Website director). The country has so far only an international crown, obtained with the medicine student Lúcia Petterle in 1971.
Wincanton Town F.C.
51°02′54″N 2°24′11″W﻿ / ﻿51.048217°N 2.402974°W﻿ / 51.048217; -2.402974

Wincanton Town Football Club is a football club based in Wincanton, Somerset, England. They are currently members of the Wessex League Premier Division and play at the Wincanton Sports Ground. The club is affiliated to the Somerset County Football Association.

Somerset County League
The Somerset County League is a football competition based in England. The Premier Division operates at step 7 (or level 11) of the National League System. It is a feeder to the Western League Division One and has promoted ten clubs to it since 2006 – Hengrove Athletic, Portishead Town, Radstock Town, Oldland Abbotonians, Wells City, Cheddar, Ashton & Backwell United, Nailsea & Tickenham, Middlezoy Rovers and Mendip Broadwalk.

Presently, the league has four divisions. It is fed by the Bath and North Somerset District League, the Mid-Somerset League, the Perry Street and District League, the Taunton & District Saturday League, the Yeovil and District League, and the Weston-super-Mare and District League. It is affiliated to the Somerset County FA which was formed in 1885.
Air Traffic Controller (series)
Air Traffic Controller (ぼくは航空管制官, Boku wa Kōkū Kanseikan; shortened as ATC) is a simulation computer game series,  developed by TechnoBrain, that simulates the operation of an airport. The games simulate the job of an air traffic controller. The player's mission is to direct planes onto the correct ILS, land them on the runway, taxi them to the correct gate, and to direct takeoffs.

Air Traffic Controller was released in Japan in September 1998. Its sequel Air Traffic Controller 2 was released in 2001. Air Traffic Controller 3 was released in 2008. Air Traffic Controller 4 was released in 2015.

Initially released as a computer game, there have also been five PlayStation Portable versions, a Game Boy Advance, a Nintendo DS version, nine Nintendo 3DS versions and five different mobile ports for both Android and iOS.

Japan Transocean Air
Japan Transocean Air (JTA) is an airline based in Naha, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It operates domestic services on behalf of Japan Airlines. Its main base is Naha Airport.  From 1967 until 1993, the airline was known as Southwest Air Lines.
Castle Balfour
Castle Balfour is a castle situated in Lisnaskea, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It sits at the edge of the parish graveyard just west of Main Street. The castle is a State Care Historic Monument sited in the townland of Castle Balfour Demesne, in the Fermanagh and Omagh district area, at grid ref: H3622 3369.

Fermanagh and Omagh
Fermanagh and Omagh is a local government district that was created on 1 April 2015 by merging Fermanagh District and Omagh District. It covers most of the Southwest of Northern Ireland. The local authority is Fermanagh and Omagh District Council, which likewise replaced Fermanagh District Council and Omagh District Council.
English cricket team in India and Sri Lanka in 1984–85
The England national cricket team toured India in 1984–85, playing a five-match Test series and five match ODI series versus India. Shortly after they arrived in India, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was assassinated; with cricket in India then out of the question for a few weeks, the English team went to Sri Lanka to play a couple of warm-up matches.

The tour was nearly called off after the Deputy High Commissioner of Western India, Percy Norris was shot dead on 27 November in Mumbai, the day after hosting a reception for the England team.

Chris Cowdrey
Christopher Stuart Cowdrey (born 20 October 1957) is an English former cricketer. Cowdrey played for Kent, Glamorgan and England as an all-rounder. He is the eldest son of the cricketer and life peer, Colin Cowdrey, Baron Cowdrey of Tonbridge. He was educated at Tonbridge School.
Rooms: The Main Building
Rooms: The Main Building is a puzzle game by South Korean studio HandMade Game, initially released in 2008 for Windows and Mac OS X. The game was released for the Nintendo DS and Wii by Hudson Entertainment in 2010, and for iOS in 2011.

Puzzle
A puzzle is a game, problem, or toy that tests a person's ingenuity or knowledge. In a puzzle, the solver is expected to put pieces together (or take them apart) in a logical way, in order to find the solution of the puzzle. There are different genres of puzzles, such as crossword puzzles, word-search puzzles, number puzzles, relational puzzles, and logic puzzles. The academic study of puzzles is called enigmatology.

Puzzles are often created to be a form of entertainment but they can also arise from serious mathematical or logical problems. In such cases, their solution may be a significant contribution to mathematical research.
Høgni Hoydal
Høgni Karsten Hoydal (born 28 March 1966), commonly called Høgni Hoydal, is a Faroese politician. He currently serves as Deputy Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands and Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade. He has been the party leader of Tjóðveldi since 1998.

Elections in the Faroe Islands
The Faroe Islands elects on the national level a legislature. The Faroese Parliament (Løgtingið in Faroese) has 33 members of parliament, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation. The Faroe Islands have a multi-party system (disputing on independence and unionism as well as left and right), with numerous parties in which a single party normally does not have a chance of gaining power alone, and therefore the parties must work together in order to form a coalition government.
Blackfin poacher
The blackfin poacher (Bathyagonus nigripinnis), also known as the blackfin starsnout poacher in the United States, is a fish in the family Agonidae. It was described by Charles Henry Gilbert in 1890. It is a marine, boreal water-dwelling fish which is known from the northern Pacific Ocean, including Komandorski Island and Avachin Bay in Russia, St. Mathew Island in the Bering Sea, and Eureka, California, USA. It dwells at a depth range of 18–1290 metres, most often at around 400–700 m, and inhabits soft bottoms. It is known to live for a maximum of 9 years. Males can reach a maximum total length of 24.2 centimetres, but more commonly reach a TL of 20 cm.

The blackfin poacher is preyed on by the sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) and the Aleutian skate (Bathyraja aleutica).

Aleutian skate
The Aleutian skate (Bathyraja aleutica) is a species of skate in the family Arhynchobatidae. It lives in depths ranging from 15 to 1602 meters in North Pacific Ocean from northern parts of Japan to the Aleutian Islands and southeastern Alaska and south to northern California. It has a maximum total length of 161 centimeters. It is the most abundant species of the Bathyraja genus in the eastern Bering Sea slope and throughout the Gulf of Alaska.

It is oviparous and produces oblong egg capsules with stiff horn in each corner. The embryo gets its nutrients from the yolk which is at first utilized for growth at a relatively constant rate but later in the development the yolk is absorbed rapidly.
Federation of Trade Unions of Uzbekistan
The Federation of Trade Unions of Uzbekistan (FTUU), also known as the Trade Unions Federation of Uzbekistan (TUFU) is the sole national trade union center in Uzbekistan. It is the remnant of the previous Soviet trade union system, although it has lost some of its previous powers, such as state planning and enterprise management.

The FTUU is affiliated with the General Confederation of Trade Unions.

Trade union federation
Organizers within trade unions have sought to increase the bargaining power of workers in regards to collective bargaining by acting in collaboration with other trade unions. Multi-union organizing can take place on an informal basis, or on a more formal basis via an umbrella organization comprising multiple trade unions. Such umbrella organizations may be referred to as a trade union federation, trade union confederation, or trade union centre.
Almaskhan
Almaskhan (Persian: الماس خان, also Romanized as Almāskhān) is a village in Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District, Kakavand District, Delfan County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 59, in 9 families.

Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District
Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان ایتیوند جنوبی) is in Itivand District of Delfan County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qomesh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kahriz-e Varvasht.
Harrison v. Laveen
Harrison v. Laveen, 67 Ariz. 337, 196 P.2d 456 (1948), also referred to Harrison et al. v. Laveen and Harrison and Austin v. Laveen, was a court case decided before the Arizona Supreme Court, the highest state court of the U.S. state of Arizona, in 1948. The plaintiffs were members of the Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation who were prevented from registering to vote. The court decision overturned an earlier decision by the court that American Indians were ineligible to vote, resulting in the suffrage of native peoples in Arizona. Other voting obstacles such as literacy tests and language barriers continued to exist, preventing a majority of American Indians in Arizona from voting.

Literacy test
A literacy test assesses a person's literacy skills: their ability to read and write. Literacy tests have been administered by various governments, particularly to immigrants.

Between the 1850s and 1960s, literacy tests were used as an effective tool for disenfranchising African Americans in the Southern United States. Literacy tests were typically administered by white clerks who could pass or fail a person arbitrarily. Identical test answers were often marked correct for white applicants and incorrect for Black applicants. Illiterate whites were often permitted to vote without taking these literacy tests because of racial grandfather clauses written into legislation.

Other countries, notably Australia, as part of a so-called "White Australia policy", and South Africa adopted literacy tests either to exclude certain racial groups from voting or to prevent them from immigrating to the country.
Sudanese Professionals Association
The Sudanese Professionals' Association (SPA; Arabic: تجمع المهنيين السودانيين) is an umbrella association of 17 different Sudanese trade unions. The organisation started forming in October 2012, though was not officially registered due to government crackdowns on trade unions, and was created more formally in October 2016 by an alliance between unions of doctors, journalists and lawyers. In December 2018, the group called for the introduction of a minimum wage and participated in protests in Atbara against the rising cost of living. The SPA came to take an increasingly prominent role in the 2018–2019 Sudanese protests against the government of Omar al-Bashir during 2019. The organisation is also a member of the Progressive International.

Progressive International
Progressive International (PI) is a left-wing political international with over 70 member groups, including trade unions, political parties, peasant organisations, and social movements. It has been described as a "worldwide anti-capitalist organisation."
Renārs Birkentāls
Renārs Birkentāls (born 23 May 2001) is a Latvian biathlete who has competed in the Biathlon World Cup since 2020. He is participating in the 2026 Olympic Games. Together with his teammates Andrejs Rastorgujevs, Baiba Bendika and Estere Volfa he finished 12th in the mixed relay, which is currently the best Latvian result in history in this discipline.

International Biathlon Union
The International Biathlon Union (IBU; German: Internationale Biathlon-Union) is the IOC (International Olympic Committee) authorized  international governing body of biathlon. Its headquarters were in Salzburg, Austria, until May 2020, when the Federation moved to Anif, on the outskirts of the city. It was rocked by a corruption scandal that broke in 2018, concerning the Russians bribing its top two officials. In 2022 Russia and Belarus were suspended from all international biathlon competitions until further notice.