hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scottish Office
The Scottish Office was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom from 1885 until 1999, exercising a wide range of government functions in relation to Scotland under the control of the Secretary of State for Scotland. Following the establishment of the Scottish Parliament in 1999, most of its work was transferred to the newly established Scottish Executive (now the Scottish Government), with a small residue of functions retained by the Scotland Office.

Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Scotland
The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Scotland is a junior ministerial post (of Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State rank) in the Government of the United Kingdom, supporting the Secretary of State for Scotland. The post is also known as Deputy Secretary of State for Scotland.
Mystic-class deep-submergence rescue vehicle
Mystic class is a class of deep-submergence rescue vehicles (DSRVs), designed for rescue operations on submerged, disabled submarines of the United States Navy or foreign navies. The two submarines of the class were never used for this purpose, and were replaced by the Submarine Rescue Diving Recompression System.

Deep-submergence rescue vehicle
A deep-submergence rescue vehicle (DSRV) is a type of deep-submergence vehicle used for rescue of personnel from disabled submarines and submersibles. While DSRV is the term most often used by the United States Navy, other nations have different designations for their equivalent vehicles.
Counterguard
The counterguard (German: Kontergarde, French: contre-garde) is an outwork in a bastioned fortification system that usually comprises only a low rampart and which is sited in front of the actual fortress moat that runs around the bastions or ravelins. The rampart way of a counterguard is, however, so constructed and at least wide enough that it enables the positioning of guns. An additional ditch in front of it guards the work from a frontal enemy assault. The function of counterguards was to protect the higher ravelin or bastion behind it from direct fire and to delay an attack on it as long as possible. So that the counterguards and the works that they were to protect could not come under simultaneous fire along the line of the rampart, they were not allowed to run parallel to one another.

If such a rampart work was built for defending infantry alone, i.e. without artillery positions, it was called a couvreface.

Rampart (fortification)
In fortification architecture, a rampart  is a length of embankment or wall forming part of the defensive boundary of a castle, hillfort, settlement or other fortified site. It is usually broad-topped and made of excavated earth and/or masonry.
Naidăș
Naidăș (Hungarian: Néranádas) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Banat, western Romania with a population of 944 people as of 2021. It is composed of two villages, Lescovița (Néramogyorós; Serbian: Лесковица) and Naidăș.

Naidăș is the site of a border crossing with Serbia. The village of Kaluđerovo is on the opposite side.

Kaluđerovo
Kaluđerovo (Serbian Cyrillic: Калуђерово) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority (98.48%) and a population of 132 people (2002 census). This is also a village which lies on the border of Serbia and Romania.
Combarbalá
Combarbalá is the capital city of the commune of Combarbala. It is located in the  Limarí Province, Region of Coquimbo, at an elevation of 900 m (2,952 ft).  It is known for the tourist astronomic observatory Cruz del Sur; the petroglyphs of Rincon las Chilcas; its typical handcraft made of the unique combarbalita stone; the classical basketball match at the end February; the Virgen de la Piedra catholic-pagan festivity, among other tourist attractions.

Diego de Almagro
Diego de Almagro (Spanish: [ˈdjeɣo ðe alˈmaɣɾo]; c. 1475 –  July 8, 1538), also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo, was a Spanish conquistador known for his exploits in western South America. He participated with Francisco Pizarro in the Spanish conquest of Peru. While subduing the Inca Empire he laid the foundation for Quito and Trujillo as Spanish cities in present-day Ecuador and Peru, respectively. From Peru, Almagro led the first Spanish military expedition to central Chile. Back in Peru, a longstanding conflict with Pizarro over the control of the former Inca capital of Cuzco erupted into a civil war between the two bands of conquistadores. In the battle of Las Salinas in 1538, Almagro was defeated by the Pizarro brothers and months later he was executed.
Svayam Bhagavan
Svayam Bhagavan (Sanskrit: स्वयं भगवान्, romanized: Svayaṁ-Bhagavān; roughly: "God Itself") is a Sanskrit concept in Hinduism, referring to the absolute representation of Bhagavan (the title "Lord" or "God") as the Supreme God in a monotheistic framework. The concept is most commonly (but not always) associated with a male deity, for instance in Hindu sub-movements like Krishnaism and Gaudiya Vaishnavism, in which Krishna is regarded as Svayam Bhagavan.

Vasudeva
Vasudeva (/ˌvʌsuˈdeɪvə/; Sanskrit: वसुदेव [ʋɐsudéːʋɐ]), also called Anakadundubhi (anakas and dundubhis both refer to drums, after the musicians who played these instruments at the time of his birth), is the father of the Hindu deities Vāsudeva-Krishna, Balarama, and Subhadra. He was a king of the Vrishnis. His sister Kunti was married to Pandu and elder brother Samudravijaya is father of Neminath.

"Vasudeva" as an object of worship in Hinduism usually refers to the son Vāsudeva (Krishna), rather than his father Vasudeva.
Burak-class corvette
Burak-class corvette (Turkish: Burak sınıfı korvet), also known as the B-class corvette, is a warship class of the Turkish Navy, all ex-D'Estienne d'Orves-class A69 type aviso corvettes, mainly designed for coastal anti-submarine defense & ocean escort missions. Their robust design & economical propulsion system allows them to be used for distant overseas operations.

A total of six ships under the Burak-class are being operated by the Turkish Naval Forces and will be phased out with introduction of Ada-class corvettes.

French aviso D'Estienne d'Orves
D'Estienne d'Orves (F781) is the lead ship of the D'Estienne d'Orves-class aviso. She was used by the French Navy. She was later transferred to the Turkish Navy as TCG Beykoz (F-503). The ship is now being used as a testing platform for the Turkish indigenous-built naval weapons.
Glossary of Russian nobility and royalty
Categories of Russian nobility and Russian royalty

Knyaz (as ancient ruler), knyaginya, knyazhna (daughter)
Velikiy Knyaz (Grand Duke, Grand Prince, as a ruler)

Boyar

Tsar (Emperor), Tsaritsa (Tsarina) (Empress, Empress consort)
Tsar family
Tsesarevich
Tsarevich, Tsarevna
Velikiy Knyaz (Grand Prince, Grand Duke) (as an aristocratic title), Velikaya Knyaginya (Grand Princess), Velikaya Knyazhna (Grand Princess)

Dvoryanstvo
Titled Dvoryanstvo (titulovannoye dvoryanstvo)
Count
Baron
Knyaz (as title)

Tsarevna
Tsarevna (Russian: царевна, IPA: [t͡sɐˈrʲevnə]) was a title given to the daughters of tsars in Russia before the 18th century. The male equivalent was tsarevich.

All of them died unmarried with the exception of the daughters of Ivan V. Notably, his daughter Catherine married Karl Leopold of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

Both tsarevna and tsarevich were replaced with grand duchess and grand duke (with tsesarevich given to the heir apparent).
Minotaur II
Minotaur II rockets consist of the M55A1 first stage and SR19AJ1 second stage of a decommissioned Minuteman missile. The third stage varies depending on the configuration required for the payload: a Minuteman II M57A1 stage is used on the baseline configuration, whilst the Minotaur II+ uses an SR-73-AJ. The Minotaur II Lite is a two-stage configuration, without a third stage. A heavy configuration is also available, with an Orion 50XL third stage, as used on the Minotaur I. The baseline configuration can propel a 400 kilograms (880 lb) payload 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) downrange, whilst the heavy configuration can place 1,400 kilograms (3,100 lb) onto an 8,000-kilometre (5,000 mi) trajectory.

Nine Minotaur II rockets have been launched as of July 2022, with six flights using the baseline configuration and three using the Minotaur II+ configuration. Launches are conducted from Launch Facility 06 (LF-06) and Test Pad 01 (TP-01).

Minotaur I
The Minotaur I, or just Minotaur is an American expendable launch system derived from the Minuteman II missile. It is used to launch small satellites for the US Government, and is a member of the Minotaur family of rockets produced by Orbital Sciences Corporation (now Northrop Grumman).
Stefan Żeromski Park (Szczecin)
The Stefan Żeromski Park (Polish pronunciation: [ˈstɛ.fan ʐɛˈrɔm.ski]; Polish: Park im. Stefana Żeromskiego) until 1945 known as the Grabowo Gardens (Polish pronunciation: [ɡraˈbɔ.vɔ]; German: Grabower Anlagen; Polish: Ogrody Grabowskie) is an urban park and arboretum in Szczecin, Poland. It is located in the Old Town neighborhood, within the Downtown district, between Matejki, Malczewskiego, Parkowa, Kapitańska, Storrady, Wawelska, Starzyńskiego, and Zygmunta Starego Streets. With an area of 21.97 ha, it is the second largest park in the city. It was established in 1910, in place of the former Grabowo Cemetery.

Natural monument
A natural monument is a natural or cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities, or cultural significance. They can be natural geological and geographical features such as waterfalls, cliffs, craters, fossil, sand dunes, rock forms, valleys and coral reefs. Locations important to faith groups may be considered natural monuments. Archeological and historical sites linked to the natural environment are also included, such as cave art. This is especially true when relevant to the land of Indigenous Peoples.
Adam Revo
The Adam Revo was a city car made by Adam Motor Company of Pakistan. It was the first car to be designed and assembled in Pakistan and was launched in 2005. The car was fitted with Chinese-made engines of Wuling Motors.

The name "REVO" was derived from the word revolution, which it was supposed to make. However, production stopped by September 2006 due to unavailability of funds and lack of government support. Only 600 cars were sold.

There were two variants available, equipped with two different Chinese made engines; the Revo 80 (0.8L) and Revo 105 (1.05L).

The Revo was envisaged to be between 10% and 15% cheaper than other local competitors, mainly the Mehran 800, which dominates Pakistan's automobile industry.

A-segment
The A-segment is the first category in the passenger car classification system defined by the European Commission. It is used for city cars, the smallest category of passenger cars defined.

A-segment sales represented approximately 4.2% of the European market in 2024. It is approximately equivalent to the kei car class in Japan.
Usuthu, KwaZulu-Natal
Usuthu or oSuthu is a main place in Nongoma Local Municipality in KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa, with 2001 and 2011 Census number: 53004000.

Usuthu was founded in 1898 as a homestead by Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo (Dinizulu) son of King Cetshwayo.  He chose the name in homage to his father's followers who were called uSuthu.  At the time he was employed by the British as an advisor, although he was widely regarded by the Zulu people as their king.

Cetshwayo
Cetshwayo kaMpande (/kɛtʃˈwaɪ.oʊ/; Zulu pronunciation: [ᵏǀétʃwajo kámpande]; c. 1826 – 8 February 1884) was the king of the Zulu Kingdom from 1873 to 1884 and its Commander in Chief during the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879. His name has been rendered as Cetywayo or Cetshwayo. Cetshwayo consistently opposed the war and sought fruitlessly to make peace with the British and was defeated and exiled following the Zulu defeat in the war. He was later allowed to return to Zululand, where he died in 1884.
Miss Universe Laos 2023
Miss Universe Laos 2023 was the seventh edition of the Miss Universe Laos beauty pageant, held on July 23, 2023 in Vientiane. Fifteen candidates, who have qualified for the national pageant through an online profile screening performed in March. crowned ”Phaimany Lathsabanthao” of Phongsaly as her successor at the end of the event. Phaimany will represent Laos in Miss Universe 2023, to be held in El Salvador in December.

Phaimany LATHSABANTHAO was crowned “Miss Universe” at the 72-Miss Universe 2023 pageant held in El Salvador. Papao is a model of Lao origin. She is Miss Universe Laos 2023 as a representative of Phongsaly. She symbolize the deadly combination of beauty with brains. Papao works to empower women in all areas through her project “Share to Shine”, Model trainer.

Laos at beauty pageants
This is a list of Laos representatives at major international beauty pageants: Miss Universe, Miss World, Miss International, Miss Earth. And other international beauty pageants such as Miss Supranational, Miss Grand International and Miss Intercontinental
Lielstraupe Castle
Lielstraupe Castle (Latvian: Lielstraupes pils; German: Schloss Gross-Roop) is a castle in Straupe Parish, Cēsis Municipality, in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. It was originally built by the von Rosen family in the 13th century and the village of Straupe began to develop around the castle in the 14th century, a large tower was added around 1600 and expropriated soon after. Latter reacquired and remodeled into the baroque style in the 18th century and remained inhabited until being expropriated from Hans von Rosen in 1939.

Cēsis Municipality
Cēsis Municipality (Latvian: Cēsu novads) is a municipality in Vidzeme region of Latvia. The town of Cēsis is the administrative centre of the municipality. As of 2021, the region had a population of 41,161 inhabitants, making it the sixth most populated of the 36 municipalities in the country. The municipality was established during the administrative reform in 2009 and was expanded further in 2021. It consists of the town of Cēsis and 21 parishes.
John Smith (dentist)
John Smith FRSE PRCSEd LLD (1825–1910) was a Scottish dentist, philanthropist and pioneering educator. The founder of the Edinburgh school of dentistry, he served as president of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (1883) and president of the
British Dental Association. He was the official surgeon/dentist to Queen Victoria when in Scotland.

New Town, Edinburgh
The New Town is a central area of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It was built in stages between 1767 and around 1850, and retains much of its original neo-classical and Georgian architecture. Its best-known street is Princes Street, facing Edinburgh Castle and the Old Town across the geological depression of the former Nor Loch. The area's New Town Gardens received a heritage designation in 2001. The combined New Town, Old Town, and West End were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995.
Standard Lo-V (New York City Subway car)
The Standard Lo-V (an abbreviation for “Low-Voltage car”) was a New York City Subway car type built from 1916 to 1925 by the Pressed Steel Car Company, American Car and Foundry, and Pullman Company for the IRT. A total of 1,020 cars were built, which consisted of 725 motors and 295 trailers. It was the third and most common "Lo-V" type car ordered for the IRT (after the Flivver Lo-Vs and the first Steinway Lo-Vs).

American Car and Foundry Company
ACF Industries, originally the American Car and Foundry Company (abbreviated as ACF), is an American manufacturer of railroad rolling stock. One of its subsidiaries was once (1925–54) a manufacturer of motor coaches and trolley coaches under the brand names of (first) ACF and (later) ACF-Brill. Today, the company is known as ACF Industries LLC and is based in St. Charles, Missouri. It is owned by investor Carl Icahn.
3-inch gun
A 3-inch gun is a gun with a 3-inch bore. Examples include:

3-inch M1902 field gun also M1904, M1905

3-inch gun M1903 - US coast defense gun, also M1898, M1902 seacoast gun

3"/50 caliber gun - US dual purpose naval gun

3"/23 caliber gun - US dual purpose naval gun

QF 3 inch 20 cwt - British anti-aircraft gun

3-inch Gun M1918 - US anti-aircraft gun

3-inch Gun M5 - US anti-tank gun

3-inch/23-caliber gun
The 3-inch/23-caliber gun (spoken "three-inch-twenty-three-caliber") was the standard anti-aircraft gun for United States destroyers through World War I and the 1920s.  United States naval gun terminology indicates the gun fired a projectile 3 inches (76 mm) in diameter, and the barrel was 23 calibers long (barrel length is 3" × 23 = 69" or 1.75 meters.)
Dierdorf
Dierdorf (German pronunciation: [ˈdiːɐ̯dɔʁf] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Neuwied, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated in the Westerwald, approx. 20 km northeast of Neuwied, and 20 km north of Koblenz.

From the end of the 17th century until 1824, it was the seat of the counts and princes of Wied-Runkel, who resided at Dierdorf Castle, which was demolished in 1902.

Dierdorf is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Dierdorf.

Neuwied
Neuwied (German pronunciation: [nɔʏˈviːt] ⓘ, lit. 'New Wied') is a town in the north of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, capital of the District of Neuwied. Neuwied lies on the east bank of the Rhine, 12 km northwest of Koblenz, on the railway from Frankfurt am Main to Cologne. The town has 13 suburban administrative districts: Heimbach-Weis, Gladbach, Engers, Oberbieber, Niederbieber, Torney, Segendorf, Altwied, Block, Irlich, Feldkirchen, Heddesdorf and Rodenbach. The largest is Heimbach-Weis, with approximately 8000 inhabitants.
Vasconic languages
The Vasconic languages (from Latin vasco 'Basque'), also called Euskarian or Basque-Aquitanian, are a putative language family that includes Basque and the extinct Aquitanian language. While specialists agree that Basque and Aquitanian are genetically related, the status of the family itself remains uncertain. It is debated whether Aquitanian (or one of its dialects) is the direct ancestor of Basque (in which case it would not constitute a language family but a single language lineage), or whether the two instead represent sister languages descended from a common ancestor (making the language family valid). The extinct Iberian language is sometimes tentatively included to this family, although this remains controversial.

R. L. Trask
Robert Lawrence Trask (10 November 1944 – 27 March 2004) was an American-British professor of linguistics at the University of Sussex, and an authority on the Basque language and the field of historical linguistics.
Marietta (Glenn Dale, Maryland)
Marietta is a historic house and former tobacco plantation located in Glenn Dale, Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. On the National Register of Historic Places and the National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom, Marietta House Museum includes a federal era house, a cemetery, the original root cellar, and harness room, as well as Gabriel Duvall's original law office building. The historic site sits on 25 acres of Marietta's original 690 acres. Today, visitors can walk the grounds and tour the plantation buildings and sites where free and enslaved people lived and labored.

Glenn Dale, Maryland
Glenn Dale is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. The population was 14,698 at the 2020 census. Glenn Dale is home to the Glenn Dale Hospital, an abandoned sanatorium, and the USDA Plant Introduction Station.
Grant Ferguson
Grant Ferguson (born 15 November 1993) is a Scottish cross-country mountain biker and cyclo-cross cyclist. He represented Scotland at the 2014 Commonwealth Games and finished 5th in the cross-country race He represented Great Britain at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the cross-country race.

British National Cyclo-cross Championships
The British National Cyclo-cross Championships are held annually. The winners of each event are awarded with a symbolic white cycling jersey featuring blue and red stripes, which can be worn by the rider at other cyclo-cross  events in the country to show their status as national champion. The champion's stripes can be combined into a sponsored rider's team kit design for this purpose.
Ganapathy, Coimbatore
Ganapathy is a residential neighbourhood in the city of Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu, India. It is located in the north-eastern part of the city. This is the most densely populated area within Coimbatore Corporation limits.

Coimbatore International Airport
Coimbatore International Airport (IATA: CJB, ICAO: VOCB) is an international airport and the primary airport serving the Coimbatore Metropolitan Area in Tamil Nadu, India. It is located in the neighborhood of Peelamedu, about 10 km (6.2 mi) from the center of the city. It is the second-busiest airport in the state by passengers handled, aircraft movements, and freight handled after Chennai International Airport. The airport is served by four carriers providing direct connectivity to thirteen domestic and three international destinations.
Panasonic Lumix DMC-TZ30
Panasonic Lumix DMC-TZ30 (also known as the DMC-ZS20 in North America) is a digital camera by Panasonic Lumix. The highest-resolution pictures it records is 14.1 megapixels, through its 24mm Ultra Wide-Angle Leica DC VARIO-ELMAR.

Lumix
Lumix is Panasonic's brand of digital cameras, ranging from pocket point-and-shoot models to digital SLRs and mirrorless cameras.

Compact digital cameras DMC-LC5 and DMC-F7 were the first products of the Lumix series, released in 2001. Most Lumix cameras use differing releases of the Panasonic Venus Engine for digital image processing; the original version (2002) was followed by II (2004), Plus (2005), III (2006), IV (2008), HD, V (2009) VI, HD II, VII FHD (2010, 2012, 2013), IX (2014), X (2017), and XI (2019).

Some Lumix models are branded with Leica lenses (e.g. Nocticron or Elmarit lenses), although Leica does not manufacture the lenses. Others are rebranded as Leica cameras with different cosmetic stylings.

Despite shifting focus to full frame cameras, Panasonic continues to release and support micro four thirds (MFT) cameras. As of 2023, the Lumix G9II is the flagship MFT camera of the range.
Meranoplus bicolor
Meranoplus bicolor, is a species of ant of the subfamily Myrmicinae. It is found in many Asian countries, where its habitats range from open grasslands to open-canopy forests. They nest in soil, usually at the base of plants. The nest opening is a simple hole, but it can sometimes have multiple openings. Workers forage on the ground as well as on plants, where they exploit extrafloral nectaries and tend to aphids.

Myrmicinae
Myrmicinae is a subfamily of ants, with about 140 extant genera; their distribution is cosmopolitan. The pupae lack cocoons. Some species retain a functional sting. The petioles of Myrmicinae consist of two nodes. The nests are permanent and in soil, rotting wood, under stones, or in trees. All species of Cephalotes (within the tribe Attini) are gliding ants.
11th (Northern) Division
The 11th (Northern) Division, was an infantry division of the British Army during the First World War, raised from men who had volunteered for Lord Kitchener's New Armies. The division fought in the Gallipoli Campaign and on the Western Front. The division's insignia was an ankh or ankhus.

IV Corps (United Kingdom)
IV Corps was a corps-sized formation of the British Army, formed in both the First World War and the Second World War. During the First World War the corps served on the Western Front throughout its existence. During the Second World War it served in Norway and Britain until it was transferred to India, which was threatened with attack after Japan entered the war.