hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Handlebody
In the mathematical field of geometric topology, a handlebody is a decomposition of a manifold into standard pieces. Handlebodies play an important role in Morse theory, cobordism theory and the surgery theory of high-dimensional manifolds. Handles are used to particularly study 3-manifolds.

Handlebodies play a similar role in the study of manifolds as simplicial complexes and CW complexes play in homotopy theory, allowing one to analyze a space in terms of individual pieces and their interactions.

H-cobordism
In geometric topology and differential topology, an (n + 1)-dimensional cobordism W between n-dimensional manifolds M and N is an h-cobordism (the h stands for homotopy equivalence) if the inclusion maps

are homotopy equivalences.

The h-cobordism theorem gives sufficient conditions for an h-cobordism to be trivial, i.e., to be C-isomorphic to the cylinder M × [0, 1]. Here C refers to any of the categories of smooth, piecewise linear, or topological manifolds.

The theorem was first proved by Stephen Smale for which he received the Fields Medal and is a fundamental result in the theory of high-dimensional manifolds. For a start, it almost immediately proves the generalized Poincaré conjecture.
Minutos
"Minutos" is a Latin pop song written by Guatemalan Latin pop singer-songwriter Ricardo Arjona for his ninth studio album, Santo Pecado (2002). The song was released as the second single from the album.

Latin pop
Latin pop (Spanish: pop latino), also referred to as Spanish-language pop (Spanish: pop en español), is a subgenre of popular music defined primarily as pop music performed in Spanish. While its foundation lies in the structural and commercial conventions of international pop music—memorable melodies, rhythmic regularity, electric instrumentation, and broad appeal—it is often enriched by stylistic influences from Latin American and Iberian musical traditions.

Emerging from Spanish-speaking musicians, Latin pop remains distinct from other Latin genres such as rock en español, tropical, reggaeton, and dance, though it may incorporate elements of these styles. In this sense, the fusion with Latin or Hispanic folk genres is characteristic but secondary to its central definition as pop music in Spanish.
Tom Kim
Kim Joo-hyung (Korean: 김주형; born 21 June 2002), commonly known as Tom Kim, is a South Korean professional golfer. He has won three times on the PGA Tour, and twice on both the Asian Tour and the Korean Tour.

2022 Presidents Cup
The 2022 Presidents Cup was the 14th edition of the Presidents Cup golf competition, held at Quail Hollow Club in Charlotte, North Carolina, from September 22–25, 2022. This was Quail Hollow's first time hosting the Presidents Cup. The matches were originally scheduled for fall 2021, but the Presidents Cup, the Ryder Cup, and other team golf events were delayed by a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The USA won the competition and retained the cup.
Movement to reform sex offender laws in the United States
The movement to reform sex offender laws in the United States describes the efforts of individuals and organizations to change state laws requiring sex offender registries in the United States.

Proposed reforms fall into two broad categories: advocacy for reform of statutory rape laws that may require a teenager to register as a sex offender for sexting or consensual sexual acts involving another teen, on the one hand, and broader efforts to modify sex offender registration laws based upon what advocates see as disproportionate impact on the lives of  convicted offenders compared to the public benefits derived, on the other.

Federal judiciary of the United States
The federal judiciary of the United States is one of the three branches of the  U.S. federal government organized under the U.S. Constitution and laws of the federal government. The U.S. federal judiciary does not include any state court (which includes local courts), which are completely independent from the federal government. The U.S. federal judiciary consists primarily of the U.S. Supreme Court, the U.S. courts of appeals, and the U.S. district courts. It also includes a variety of other lesser federal tribunals.

Article III of the Constitution requires the establishment of a Supreme Court and permits the Congress to create other federal courts and place limitations on their jurisdiction. Article III states that federal judges are appointed by the president with the consent of the Senate to serve until they resign, are impeached and convicted, or die.
2009 NCAA men's volleyball tournament
The 2009 NCAA men's volleyball tournament was the 40th annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA men's collegiate indoor volleyball. The single elimination tournament was played at Smith Fieldhouse in Provo, Utah during May 2009.

UC Irvine defeated USC in the final match, 3–2 (26–30, 30–23, 26–30, 30–17, 15–12), to win their second national title. The Anteaters (27–5) were coached by John Speraw.

UC Irvine's Ryan Ammerman was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player. Ammerman, along with six other players, comprised the All Tournament Team.

NCAA men's volleyball tournament
The NCAA men's volleyball tournament, officially titled the NCAA national collegiate men's volleyball championship, is an annual competition that determines the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) championship in American college men's volleyball. It had been the only NCAA championship in the sport from 1970 until 2012, when the NCAA launched a Division III championship.

Unlike most NCAA sports, men's volleyball uses a modified version of the National Collegiate championship format, which means Division I and Division II teams compete against each other in the same tournament.

In the past, schools from the Pacific Coast region have dominated this sport, in particular UCLA with coach Al Scates leading the program to 19 NCAA titles (more than any other coach).
German submarine U-704
German submarine U-704 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

Commissioned on 18 November 1941 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Horst Wilhelm Kessler, U-704 carried out training operations as part of the 8th U-boat Flotilla until 30 June 1942.

Wolfpack (naval tactic)
The wolfpack (Rudeltaktik) was a convoy attack tactic employed in the Second World War. It was used principally by the U-boats of the Kriegsmarine during the Battle of the Atlantic, and by the submarines of the United States Navy in the Pacific War. The idea of a co-ordinated submarine attack on convoys had been proposed during the First World War but had had no success. In the Atlantic during the Second World War, the Germans had considerable successes with their wolfpack attacks but were ultimately defeated by the Allies of World War II. In the Pacific, the American submarine force was able to devastate the Japanese merchant marine, though this was not solely due to the wolfpack tactic. Wolfpacks fell out of use during the Cold War as the role of the submarine changed.
Gift of the Night Fury
Dragons: Gift of the Night Fury is a 2011 American animated Christmas short film by DreamWorks Animation and directed by Tom Owens. It was released on November 15, 2011, on DVD and Blu-ray, along with another original animated short film Book of Dragons.

Based on the 2010 film How to Train Your Dragon, in-turn loosely inspired by the 2003 novel of the same name, the short takes place in the middle of preparing for the Viking winter holiday. After all dragons inexplicably fly away, the last one of them unwittingly kidnaps Hiccup. Jay Baruchel, Gerard Butler, Craig Ferguson, America Ferrera, Jonah Hill, T.J. Miller, Kristen Wiig, and Christopher Mintz-Plasse all reprise their roles from the original film.

How to Train Your Dragon (novel series)
How to Train Your Dragon is a series of children's books written by British author Cressida Cowell. The books are set in a fictional Fantasy Viking world, and focus on the experiences of protagonist Hiccup Horrendous Haddock the Third, as he overcomes obstacles on his journey of "becoming a hero, the hard way". The books were published by Hodder Children's Books in the UK and by Little, Brown and Company in the United States. The first book was published in 2003 and the 12th and final one in 2015.

By 2015, the series had sold more than seven million copies around the world. The books have subsequently been adapted into a media franchise consisting of three animated feature films, several television series, one live action remake and other media, all produced by DreamWorks Animation.
Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment
The Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment (Dutch: Ministerie van Sociale Zaken en Werkgelegenheid; SZW) is the Dutch ministry responsible for social affairs, relations between employers and employees, social security, trade unions and emancipation. It was established in 1918 as the Ministry of Labour and had several name changes before it became the Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment in 1981. The ministry is headed by the Minister of Social Affairs and Employment, currently Mariëlle Paul of People's Party for Freedom and Democracy.

Ministries of the Netherlands
The most influential part of the executive of the Government of the Netherlands are the ministries. There are fifteen ministries of the Netherlands, all with their own minister. There are also several ministers without portfolio and State Secretaries.
International Tech Park, Chennai
The International Tech Park Chennai, Taramani or ITPC (as it is popularly known) is an hi-tech park in Taramani, Chennai.

Located in Chennai's IT Corridor, it spans 15 acres, offering approximately 2 million sq ft of office space. Over 40 IT/ITES companies are operating out of the park. It has received various certifications including: PEER – Gold certification by US Green Building Council

HITEC City
The Hyderabad Information Technology and Engineering Consultancy City (HITEC City) is an Indian financial business district located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. HITEC City is spread across 81 ha (200 acres) of land under the suburbs of Madhapur, Gachibowli, Kondapur, Miyapur, Nanakramguda, Serilingampally, Bachupally, Manikonda, Kukatpally and Shamshabad all the combined technology townships is also known as Cyberabad with a radius of 52.48 km (32.61 mi) surrounding approximate area of 6,100 ha (15,000 acres). HITEC City is within 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) of the residential and commercial suburb of Jubilee Hills.
2010 New York Red Bulls season
The 2010 New York Red Bulls season was their fifteenth in Major League Soccer, and in their existence.

Following a dismal 2009 season, the Red Bulls saw the arrival of Swedish head coach Hans Backe. Backe replaced interim coach Richie Williams, who became an assistant.

In part of an entire overhaul to the club, the Red Bulls made several notable signings throughout the season including retired French international Thierry Henry; Mexico's national team captain, Rafael Márquez; as well as players including Tim Ream and Joel Lindpere.

The Red Bulls went on a worst-to-first campaign, topping the Eastern Conference by one point over Columbus before losing 3–2 on aggregate against San Jose in the quarterfinals of the 2010 MLS Cup Playoffs.

Hasse Backe
Hans Roland "Hasse" Backe (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈhɑːns ˈhâsːɛ ˈbâkːɛ]; born 14 February 1952) is a Swedish football manager and former player who most recently led Finland's national team. Prior to this he managed the New York Red Bulls.

He has coached clubs in Sweden, Norway, Greece, England and the United States, and achieved his greatest successes in Denmark at Copenhagen and Aalborg.
Organisation of Young Free Algerians
The Organization of Young Free Algerians (OJAL, French: Organisation des jeunes Algériens libres) was a pro-government armed group that claimed credit for various attacks against civilians who sympathised with the Islamists during the Algerian Civil War. It was active mainly in 1994 and 1995. However, some claims and speculations allege that it was a front organizations under which elements of the DRS, the Algerian security services, operated. OJAL never existed as an independent organisation.

Front organization
A front organization is any entity set up by and controlled by another organization that acts for the parent group without the actions being attributed to the parent group, thereby allowing them to hide certain activities from the authorities or the public.
Vaulted sidewalk
Vaulted sidewalks, also called sidewalk vaults and areaways, are sidewalks that are not placed directly on the ground. Rather, there is an empty space below them where the ground level used to be. This may happen where the street level has been raised over time, or where basements are extended, or as utility vaults.

Sidewalk vaults may be protected as historical architecture, or filling them required for planning permission.

Prism lighting
Prism lighting is the use of prisms to improve the distribution of light in a space. It is usually used to distribute daylight, and is a form of anidolic lighting.

Prism lighting was popular from its introduction in the 1890s through to the 1930s, when cheap electric lights became commonplace and prism lighting became unfashionable. While mass production of prism lighting systems ended around 1940, the 2010s have seen a revival using new materials.
Feelin' Good at the Cadillac Club
Feelin' Good at the Cadillac Club is the debut album by soul singer Billy Paul. The album was produced by Billy Paul and released by Kenny Gamble and Leon Huff's Gamble Records in 1968. The Toots Thielemans song "Bluesette" was released as a single but failed to chart as did the album. The LP was re-released with new cover art in 1973 on Philadelphia International Records but again failed to chart. Big Break Records remastered the album for re-release on CD in 2014 with new liner notes and an interview with Billy Paul.

Don't Think Twice, It's All Right
"Don't Think Twice, It's All Right" is a song written by Bob Dylan in 1962 and released the following year on his album The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan and as the B-side of the single "Blowin' in the Wind". The song has been covered by many other artists, most notably by Peter, Paul and Mary who released it as a single reaching the Top 10 of the Billboard Hot 100.
Haplogroup F-M89
Haplogroup F, also known as F-M89 and previously as Haplogroup FT, is a very common Y-chromosome haplogroup. The clade and its subclades constitute over 95% of paternal lineages outside of Africa.

The vast majority of individual males with F-M89 fall into its direct descendant Haplogroup GHIJK (F1329/M3658/PF2622/YSC0001299). In addition to GHIJK, haplogroup F has three other immediate descendant subclades: F1 (P91/P104), F2 (M427/M428), and F3 (M481). These three, with F* (M89*), constitute the paragroup F(xGHIJK). They are primarily found throughout South Asia, Southeast Asia and parts of East Asia.

Haplogroup GHIJK branches subsequently split into two direct descendants: G (M201/PF2957) and HIJK (F929/M578/PF3494/S6397). HIJK in turn splits into H (L901/M2939) and IJK (F-L15). The descendants of the haplogroup IJK include the clades I, J, K, and, ultimately, several major haplogroups descended from Haplogroup K, namely: haplogroups M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, L, and T.

Haplogroup M-P256
Haplogroup M, AKA M-P256 and Haplogroup K2b1b (previously K2b1d) is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. M-P256 is a descendant haplogroup of Haplogroup K2b1, and is believed to have first appeared between 32,000 and 47,000 years ago.

M-P256 is the most frequently occurring Y-chromosome haplogroup in West Papua and western Papua New Guinea. In addition, M-P256 is also found in neighboring parts of Melanesia, Indonesia and indigenous Australians.
Kolubara
The Kolubara (Serbian Cyrillic: Колубара, pronounced [kɔlǔbara]) is a 87 km (54 mi) long river in western Serbia; it is an eastern, right tributary to the Sava river.

Due to the many long tributaries creating a branchy system within the river's drainage basin, the short Kolubara drains relatively large area of 3,639 km2 (1,405 sq mi). It is part of the larger Black Sea drainage.

The river is not navigable, but its valley is very important for transportation. Here are located Belgrade-Valjevo road, parts of Belgrade-Šabac road, Ibarska magistrala (Highway of Ibar) and the Belgrade-Bar railway.

The Kolubara was the site of one of the major battles on the Balkans in the World War I, the Battle of Kolubara in 1914.

There is a game hunting ground "Kolubara" in the valley of the river, on the territory of the Lazarevac municipality.

Ibar (river)
The Ibar (Serbian Cyrillic: Ибар, pronounced [îbar]) or Ibër (Albanian definite form: Ibri), is a river that flows through Montenegro, Kosovo and Serbia, with a total length of 272 km (169 mi). The river begins in the Hajla mountain, in Rožaje, eastern Montenegro, and passes through southwestern Serbia and northern Kosovo, where it leads back into Serbia to flow into the West Morava river near Kraljevo.

The Ibar belongs to the Black Sea drainage basin. Its own drainage area is 7,925 km2 (3,060 sq mi), with an average discharge of 60 m3/s (2,100 cu ft/s) at the mouth. It is not navigable.
Port La Tour
Port La Tour is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Municipality of the District of Barrington of Shelburne County.

The Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada asserts that Fort Saint Louis is located at Port La Tour, although this has been disputed. It has also been claimed that the fort at Port La Tour was Fort Lomeron (also known as Fort La Tour) and that Fort St. Louis was located at the neighbouring community of Villagedale, Nova Scotia.

Municipality of the District of Barrington
Barrington, officially named the Municipality of the District of Barrington, is a district municipality in western Shelburne County, Nova Scotia, Canada. Statistics Canada classifies the district municipality as a municipal district.
1974 Oregon State Beavers football team
The 1974 Oregon State Beavers football team represented Oregon State University as a member of the Pacific-8 Conference (Pac-8) during the 1974 NCAA Division I football season. In their tenth season under head coach Dee Andros, the Beavers compiled an overall record of 3–8 record with a mark of 3–4 conference play, tying for fifth pace in the Pac-8, and were outscored 275 to 216. Oregon State played home games on campus at Parker Stadium in Corvallis, Oregon.

With the team's 35–16 win over rival Oregon in the season finale, Andros' record improved to 9–1 over the Ducks in the Civil War game.

1974 Oregon Ducks football team
The 1974 Oregon Ducks football team represented the University of Oregon in the Pacific-8 Conference (Pac-8) during the 1974 NCAA Division I football season. Led by first-year head coach Don Read, the Ducks compiled a 2–9 record (0–7 in Pac-8, last) and were outscored 330 to 116. Home games were played in Eugene at Autzen Stadium.

A former head coach at Portland State, Read had been an Oregon assistant for two years (quarterbacks, receivers); he was promoted in early January, immediately after Dick Enright was fired by athletic director Norv Ritchey.

Through 2026, this is the most recent season that Oregon football finished last in conference and is widely considered to be the worst season in program history.
2002–03 NCAA football bowl games
The 2002–03 NCAA football bowl games were a series of 28 post-season games (including the Bowl Championship Series) played in December 2002 and January 2003 for Division I-A football teams and their all-stars. The post-season began with the New Orleans Bowl on December 17, 2002, and concluded on February 1, 2003, with the season-ending Hula Bowl.

A new record of 28 team-competitive bowls, and two all-star games, were played, including the inaugural Continental Tire Bowl, Hawaii Bowl and San Francisco Bowl. To fill the 56 available team-competitive bowl slots, a total of three teams with non-winning seasons participated in bowl games—all three had a .500 (6–6) season.

2002 Continental Tire Bowl
The 2002 Continental Tire Bowl was a postseason college football bowl game between the West Virginia Mountaineers and the Virginia Cavaliers (UVA) at Ericsson Stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina, on December 28, 2002.  The first edition of the Continental Tire Bowl, the game was the final contest of the 2002 NCAA Division I-A football season for both teams, and ended in a 48–22 victory for Virginia. West Virginia represented the Big East Conference in the game; Virginia represented the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC).
Rosebery, New South Wales
Rosebery is an inner southern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 6 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government areas of the City of Sydney and the Bayside Council.

Federation architecture
Federation architecture is the architectural style in Australia that was prevalent from around 1890 to 1915. The name refers to the Federation of Australia on 1 January 1901, when the British colonies of Australia collectively became the Commonwealth of Australia.

The architectural style had antecedents in the Queen Anne style and Edwardian style of the United Kingdom, combined with various other influences like the Arts and Crafts style. Other styles also developed, like the Federation Warehouse style, which was heavily influenced by the Romanesque Revival style. In Australia, Federation architecture is generally associated with cottages in the Queen Anne style, but some consider that there were twelve main styles that characterised the Federation period.
Jalalabad, Shamli
Jalalabad (Jalālābād) is a town and a nagar panchayat in Shamli district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is a historical town situated on Delhi Saharanpur road.  Dating back to the Mughal period, situated close to the borders of Haryana and Uttarakhand states, and surrounded by a very fertile agricultural region namely ( Ahata Gaunsgarh, Nagal, Khanpur, Ahmedpur, Chandona, Pandokhedi, Kamalpur Bakdoli, Umarpur, Tilafra, Hasanpur Luhari) famous for plentiful yields in grains and fruits,  Jalalabad is internationally famous for its wood carving work cottage industry.  It is a thriving market of local agricultural produce, including basmati rice and mangoes.  A variety of agro-based industrial enterprises - such as textile, sugar, paper and cigarette factories - are located around it.  It is 41 km from Saharanpur and 40 km from Muzaffarnagar.

Muzaffarnagar
Muzaffarnagar (Hindi pronunciation: [mʊzəfːəɾ.nəgəɾ], also [mʊd͡ʒəp.pʰəɾ.nəgəɾ]) is a city under Muzaffarnagar district in the Indian State of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated midway on the Delhi - Haridwar/Dehradun National Highway (NH 58) and is also well connected with the national railway network. It is known as the sugarbowl of Uttar Pradesh.

The city previously called Sarwat and is located in the middle of the highly fertile upper Ganga-Yamuna Doab region and is very near to New Delhi and Saharanpur, making it one of the most developed and prosperous cities of Uttar Pradesh. It comes under the Saharanpur division. This city is part of Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) and Amritsar Delhi Kolkata Industrial Corridor (ADKIC). It shares its border with the state of Uttarakhand and it is the principal commercial, industrial and educational hub of Western Uttar Pradesh.