hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fuchu Himba Stakes
The Fuchu Himba Stakes (Japanese 府中牝馬ステークス) is a Japanese Grade 3 horse race for Thoroughbred fillies and mares aged three and over run in June over a distance of 1,800 meters at Tokyo Racecourse.

It was first run in 1953 and was promoted to Grade 3 in 1984 before being run as a Group 2 race since 2011. The race was usually contested over 1,600 meters before being moved up to 1,800 meters in 1996. The race used to serve as a trial for the Queen Elizabeth II Cup. In 2025, the race schedule was moved from October to June, downgraded to Grade 3, and lost its Queen Elizabeth II Cup trial status.

Queen Elizabeth II Cup (Japan)
The Queen Elizabeth II Cup (Queen Elizabeth II Commemorative Cup until 2012) is an International Grade 1 flat horse race in Japan for three-year-old and above thoroughbred fillies and mares run over a distance of 2,200 metres (approximately 1 mile 3 furlongs) on the turf at Kyoto Racecourse in November.

Originally called the Victoria Cup, it was renamed the Queen Elizabeth II Cup in 1975 to commemorate the visit of Elizabeth II to Japan.
Qazi Ashfaq
Qazi Ashfaq (Urdu: قاضی محمد اشفاق; 12 December 1967 – 13 November 2001) was a Pakistani footballer who played as a striker and captained the Pakistan national team. Considered one of the best Pakistani footballers of his generation, he was praised for his skill, speed, and leadership in the 1990s. He was the author of the opening goal in the final against Maldives, which saw the reigning champions Pakistan successfully defend their title at the 1991 South Asian Games.

Football at the 1989 South Asian Games
The men's football tournament at the 1989 South Asian Games was held from 20 to 26 October in Pakistan. The hosts emerged as the champions, defeating Bangladesh in the final, with Haji Abdul Sattar scoring the solitary goal for Pakistan in the final.
Ramatlabama
Ramatlabama (or Ramatlhabama) is a village and railway station 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Mafikeng, in the North West province of South Africa. It is located on the border with Botswana, and serves as a border post for road and rail traffic. At the time of the 2011 census, Ramatlabama along with the adjoining settlement of Miga had a total population of 2,046. The Botswana side of the border is also known as Ramatlabama.

Mafikeng
Mahikeng (Tswana for "Place of Rocks"), formerly known as Mafikeng and alternatively known as Mafeking (/ˈmæfəkɪŋ/, US also /ˈmɑːf-/), is the capital city of the North West province of South Africa.

Close to South Africa's border with Botswana, Mafikeng is 1,400 km (870 mi) northeast of Cape Town and 260 km (160 mi) west of Johannesburg. In 2001 it had a population of 49,300. In 2007 Mafikeng was reported to have a population of 250,000, of which the CBD constituted between 69,000 and 75,000. It is built on the open veld at an elevation of 1,500 m (4,921 ft), by the banks of the Upper Molopo River. The Madibi goldfields are some 15 kilometres (9+1⁄2 miles) south of the town.
181–187 Hay Street, Sydney
181–187 Hay Street, also known as the Corporation Building or Municipal Building, is a heritage-listed former council chambers located at 181–187 Hay Street, in the Haymarket district of Sydney, Australia. It was built from 1893. The property is owned by City of Sydney and was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

The building is home to the 4A Centre for Contemporary Asian Art.

Gadigal
The Gadigal, also spelled Cadigal and Caddiegal, are a group of Aboriginal people whose traditional lands are located in Gadi, on Eora country, the location of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. However, since the colonisation of Australia, most Gadigal people have been displaced from their traditional lands.
Paul McGinley
Paul Noel McGinley (born 16 December 1966) is an Irish professional golfer. He has won four events on the European Tour. At the 2002 Ryder Cup, he famously holed a ten-foot putt on the 18th hole in his match against Jim Furyk at The Belfry which won the Ryder Cup for Europe. He was the winning captain of Europe in the 2014 Ryder Cup and the first Irishman to captain Europe's Ryder Cup side.

2006 Ryder Cup
The 36th Ryder Cup Matches were held 22–24 September 2006 in Ireland at the Palmer Course of the K Club in Straffan, County Kildare, west of Dublin. It was the first time the event was played in Ireland.

Europe won by 181⁄2 to 91⁄2 points, equalling their record winning margin of two years earlier for their third consecutive win, a first for Europe. Swedish rookie Henrik Stenson made the winning putt, just moments after Luke Donald sank a putt to ensure Europe retained the trophy.
Vrouwenpolder
Vrouwenpolder is a village in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Veere, and lies about 9 km north of Middelburg. The name is derived from "the polder of Our Lady", referring to the Virgin Mary.

Middelburg, Zeeland
Middelburg (Dutch: [ˈmɪdəlbʏr(ə)x] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the south-western Netherlands serving as the capital of the province of Zeeland. Situated on the central peninsula of the Zeeland province, Midden-Zeeland (consisting of former islands Walcheren, Noord-Beveland and Zuid-Beveland), it has a population of about 48,000.

In terms of technology, Middelburg played a role in the Scientific Revolution at the early modern period. The town was historically a center of lens crafting in the Golden Age of Dutch science and technology. The invention of the microscope and telescope is often credited to Middelburg spectacle-makers (including Zacharias Janssen and Hans Lipperhey) in the late 16th century and early 17th century.
El M'Ghair
El M'Ghair (Arabic: اﻟﻤﻐﻴﺮ), also called El Meghaïer or Mhraïer, is a town and commune, and capital of El M'Ghair District and El M'Ghair Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 49,793, up from 40,228 in 1998, and is the second largest town in the province after Djamaa. Its annual population growth rate is 2.2%.

Djamaa
Djamaa (Arabic: ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ) (also written Jama'a) is a town and commune in El M'Ghair Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 50,916, up from 37,438 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 3.1%.
Alseno
Alseno (Piacentino: Alsen [ɐlˈsɛŋ] or Alsëin [ɐlˈsəi̯]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Piacenza in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northwest of Bologna and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Piacenza.

Alseno borders the following municipalities: Besenzone, Busseto, Castell'Arquato, Fidenza, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Salsomaggiore Terme, Vernasca.

Salsomaggiore Terme
Salsomaggiore Terme (Salsese: Sèls; Parmigiano: Sälsmagiór) is a town and comune located in the Italian province of Parma, in the region of Emilia-Romagna. Located at the foot of the Apennines, its warm saline waters made this a popular Spa town.
IAS 11
The IAS 11 standard of International Accounting Standards set out requirements for the accounting treatment of the revenue and costs associated with long-term construction contracts. By their nature, construction activities and contracts are long-term projects, often beginning and ending in different accounting periods. Until its replacement with IFRS 15 in January 2018, IAS 11 helped accountants with measuring to what extent costs, revenue and possible profit or loss on the project are incurred in each period.

Construction contract
A construction contract is a mutual or legally binding agreement between two parties based on policies and conditions recorded in document form. The two parties involved are one or more property owners and one or more contractors. The owner, often referred to as the 'employer' or the 'client', has full authority to decide what type of contract should be used for a specific development to be constructed and to set out the legally-binding terms and conditions in a contractual agreement. A construction contract is an important document as it outlines the scope of work, risks, duration, duties, deliverables and legal rights of both the contractor and the owner.
Museums in Aalborg
There are several museums in Aalborg, Denmark. These include a museum of modern art, a historical museum and a maritime museum. Together with the city's theatre, cultural centre and music interests, they constitute an important aspect of the municipality's recent focus on knowledge and culture.

Aalborg Historical Museum
Aalborg Historical Museum (Danish: Aalborg Historiske Museum) is a historical and cultural museum in the city of Aalborg in Denmark. The museum was established in 1863 and is now part of The Historical Museum of Northern Jutland (Nordjyllands Historiske Museum).
Sri Tirupatamma Katha
Sri Tirupatamma Katha (transl. Story of Tirupatamma) is a 1963 Indian Telugu-language biographical film, based on the life of Penuganchiprolu Tirupatamma, produced by Donepoodi Krishna Murthy under the Gokul Productions banner and directed by B. S. Narayana. It stars N. T. Rama Rao, Krishna Kumari, and music composed by Pamarthi.

Venkateswara
Venkateswara (Telugu: వేంకటేశ్వరుడు, Sanskrit: वेङ्कटेश्वरः, romanized: Venkaṭeśvara), also known as Venkatachalapati, Venkata, Balaji and Srinivasa, is a deity, described as a form of the god Vishnu. He is the presiding deity of Venkateswara Temple, Tirupati. His consorts, Padmavati and Bhudevi, are avatars of the goddess Lakshmi, the consort of Vishnu.
Broken Arrow (1950 film)
Broken Arrow is a 1950 American independent revisionist Western drama film directed by Delmer Daves and starring James Stewart, Jeff Chandler and Debra Paget. The film is based on historical figures but fictionalizes their story in dramatized form. It was nominated for three Academy Awards and won a Golden Globe Award for Best Film Promoting International Understanding. Film historians have said that the film was one of the first major Westerns to portray Native American sympathetically.

Cochise
Cochise (/koʊˈtʃiːs/ koh-CHEESS; Apache: Shi-ka-She or A-da-tli-chi, lit. 'having the quality/strength of an oak'; later K'uu-ch'ish or Cheis, lit. 'oak'; c. 1805 – June 8, 1874) was the leader of the Chiricahui local group of the Chokonen and principal nantan of the Chokonen band of a Chiricahua Apache. A key war leader during the Apache Wars, he led an uprising that began in 1861 and persisted until a peace treaty was negotiated in 1872. Cochise County is named after him.
Norwegian Intelligence Service
The Norwegian Intelligence Service (NIS) or Etterretningstjenesten (lit. 'The Intelligence Service'; E-tjenesten) is a Norwegian military intelligence agency under the Chief of Defence and the Ministry of Defence.

Ministry of Defence (Norway)
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Defence (Norwegian: Det kgl. Forsvarsdepartement) is a Norwegian government ministry in charge of the formation and implementation of national security and defence policy, and for the overall management and control of the activities of subordinate agencies. The ministry is located at Glacisgata 1, Oslo, inside Akershus festning. The ministry is headed by the politically appointed Minister of Defence, currently Tore O. Sandvik. The ministry controls a large group of defence-related agencies, not to be related with Ministry of Foreign Affairs that controls all intelligence-related agencies in the country.
Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres
The men's 400 metres at the 2004 Summer Olympics as part of the athletics program were held at the Athens Olympic Stadium from August 20 to 23. Sixty-two athletes from 48 nations competed. The event was won by Jeremy Wariner of the United States, the sixth in what would ultimately be 7 consecutive American victories stretching from 1984 to 2008 and the 18th overall title in the event by the United States. The United States swept the podium for the 4th time in the event (1904, 1968, 1988).

Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics
At the 2004 Summer Olympics, the athletics events were held at the Athens Olympic Stadium from August 18 to August 29, except for the marathons (run from Marathonas to the Kallimarmaro Stadium), the race walks (on the streets of Athens), and the shot put (held at the Ancient Olympia Stadium). A total of 46 events were contested, of which 24 by male and 22 by female athletes.
Miss Diva 2016
The 4th edition of Miss Diva took place in 2016. 16 contestants competed in the pageant. Miss Diva 2016 featured a television reality series which was telecast on Colors Infinity. The 16 contestants, who were mentored by former Femina Miss India Universe 2000 and Miss Universe 2000 Lara Dutta through the series, were based in a "Diva Villa" at Madh Island and judged based on their performances by celebrity judges.

At the finale held on September 1, 2016, Roshmitha Harimurthy won the pageant and was crowned Miss Diva India Universe 2016 by the previous winner Urvashi Rautela, Srinidhi Shetty was crowned Miss Diva Supranational 2016 by Natasha Assadi and Stephania Stegman and Aradhana Buragohain was crowned Miss Diva Runner Up 2016 by Naveli Deshmukh.

Roshmitha Harimurthy represented India at the Miss Universe 2016 pageant held in the Philippines where she is unplaced. Srinidhi Shetty, representing India, was crowned Miss Supranational 2016 on December 2, 2016 in Poland.

Miss Supranational 2016
Miss Supranational 2016 was the eighth Miss Supranational pageant, held at the MOSIR Arena in Krynica-Zdrój, Poland, on December 2, 2016.

Stephanía Stegman of Paraguay crowned Srinidhi Shetty of India as her successor at the end of the event, marking the country's second victory in the pageant's history.
Marinobacter shengliensis
Marinobacter shengliensis is a Gram-negative, moderately halophilic, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter with a single polar flagellum, which has been isolated from saline soil which was contaminated with oil from the Shengli Oilfield in China.

Marinobacter
Marinobacter is a genus of bacteria found in sea water. They are also found in a variety of salt lakes.
A number of strains and species can degrade hydrocarbons. The species involved in hydrocarbon degradation include M. alkaliphilus, M. arcticus, M. hydrocarbonoclasticus, M. maritimus, and M. squalenivorans.

There are currently 46 species of Marinobacter that are characterized by Gram-negative rods and salt-tolerance.
Bodø Region
The Bodø Region (Norwegian: Bodøregionen) is a metropolitan region in Nordland county in northern Norway, centered on the town of Bodø. Before 1 January 2005, Skjerstad Municipality was part of the region, but it has since merged into Bodø Municipality. There are several "city regions" that the government has declared in Norway. The population figures are per 01.01.2014

In addition to these areas in the "official" region, many people in neighboring Fauske Municipality commute daily to Bodø.

Metropolitan regions of Norway
There are 16 statistical metropolitan areas in Norway, of which six count as "Greater City Regions" (Storbyregioner) and ten as "City Regions" (Byregioner). The classification comes from Storbymeldingen (The Greater City Report) from the Norwegian Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development. This report was composed in 2002–2003 to create a coherent policy for the development of metropolitan areas within Norwegian society. It was presented by then Minister of Local Government and Regional Development, Erna Solberg on 12 March 2003. The Greater City Regions contain cities with numbers of inhabitants ranging from around 60,000 to 1.4 million, while the City Regions range from around 45 to 175 thousand. This is out of a national population of around 5.2 million citizens.

The three most populous regions are the Greater Oslo Region, the Greater Bergen Region, and the Greater Stavanger Region.
Job 15
Job 15 is the fifteenth chapter of the Book of Job in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is anonymous; most scholars believe it was written around 6th century BCE. This chapter records the speech of Eliphaz the Temanite (one of Job's friends), which belongs to the Dialogue section of the book, comprising Job 3:1–31:40.

Job 3
Job 3 is the third chapter of the Book of Job in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is anonymous; most scholars believe it was written around the 6th century BCE. This chapter belongs to the Dialogue section of the book, comprising Job 3:1–31:40.
Desert kite
Desert kites (Arabic: مصائد صحراوية, romanized: maṣāʾid ṣaḥrāwiyya, lit. 'desert traps') are dry stone wall structures found in Southwest Asia (Middle East, but also North Africa, Central Asia and Arabia), which were first discovered from the air during the 1920s. There are over 6,000 known desert kites, with sizes ranging from less than a hundred metres to several kilometres. They typically have a kite shape formed by two convergent "antennae" that run towards an enclosure, all formed by walls of dry stone less than one metre high, but variations exist.

Little is known about their ages, but the few dated examples appear to span the entire Holocene. While the majority view holds that these structures were traps for hunting game animals such as gazelles, which were driven into the kites, a minority view suggests they were used for managing livestock.

Trapping
Animal trapping, or simply trapping or ginning, is the use of a device to remotely catch and often kill an animal. Animals may be trapped for a variety of purposes, including for meat, fur/feathers, sport hunting, pest control, and wildlife management.

Among trapping methods, some are considered relatively humane while others are seen as excessively cruel. Laws in the European Union and many U.S. states ban inhumane traps such as foothold traps, and instead promote body-grip traps, which kill animals quickly and are therefore regarded as more humane. All traps, whether for capture or killing, must be checked at least every 24 hours, and humane guidelines recommend more frequent checks and, where possible, the use of monitoring devices that alert when a trap is triggered. Because improper trapping can cause severe animal suffering and pose risks to pets, wildlife, and humans, specialized certification programs train professionals in humane and safe pest management.
Self-Protecting Digital Content
Self Protecting Digital Content (SPDC) is a copy protection (digital rights management) concept designed by Cryptography Research, Inc. (CRI). CRI worked with Twentieth Century Fox, Sony, and Panasonic to implement this architecture into BD+, which was adopted by the Blu-ray Disc Association for protecting Blu-ray discs.

In November 2007, the SPDC business unit and technology was acquired by Macrovision to complement its existing Analog Copy Protection (ACP) and Ripguard technology. In 2011, Irdeto acquired SPDC and BD+ from Macrovision (then known as Rovi).

Copy protection
Copy protection, also known as content protection, copy prevention and copy restriction, is any measure to enforce copyright by preventing the reproduction of software, films, music, and other media.

Copy protection is most commonly found on videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, HD-DVDs, computer software discs, video game discs and cartridges, audio CDs and some VCDs. It also may be incorporated into digitally distributed versions of media and software.

Some methods of copy protection have also led to criticism because it caused inconvenience for paying consumers or secretly installed additional or unwanted software to detect copying activities on the consumer's computer.
McHugh Peak
McHugh Peak is a 4,308-foot (1,313 m) mountain summit located in the western Chugach Mountains, in Anchorage Municipality, in the U.S. state of Alaska. McHugh Peak is situated in Chugach State Park, 14 mi (23 km) southeast of downtown Anchorage, and 5 mi (8 km) southwest of O'Malley Peak. Reaching the top involves hiking on a ridge trail and scrambling the final summit tor. The hike to McHugh Peak is detailed in several popular guidebooks. This geographic feature's local name was reported in 1942 by the Army Map Service, and was officially adopted in 1969 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. The mountain's name is derived from McHugh Creek which drains the south slope of this peak, and the creek's name was first published in 1912 by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. This mountain is called Q'isqa Dghelaya in the Denaʼina language, meaning Banjo Snowshoe Mountain. "Q'isqa" are temporary snowshoes made of lashed brush.

Denaʼina language
Denaʼina (/dɪ.ˈnaɪ.nə/, dih-NYE-nə; also Tanaina), is the Athabaskan language of the region surrounding Cook Inlet. It is geographically unique in Alaska as the only Alaska Athabaskan language to include territory which borders salt water. Four dialects are usually distinguished:

Upper Inlet, spoken in Eklutna, Knik, Susitna, Tyonek

Outer Inlet, spoken in Kenai, Kustatan, Seldovia

Iliamna, spoken in Pedro Bay, Old Iliamna, Lake Iliamna area

Inland, spoken in Nondalton, Lime Village

Of the total Denaʼina population of about 900 people, only 75–95 members still speak Denaʼina. James Kari has done extensive work on the language since 1972, including his edition with Alan Boraas of the collected writings of Peter Kalifornsky in 1991. Joan M. Tenenbaum also conducted extensive field research on the language in the 1970s.
Swiss passport
The Swiss passport is a biometric identity document issued by the Swiss Confederation. It can be ordinary or provisional, or in special cases, diplomatic or service-related.

There is also a green Swiss passport for foreigners, issued in specific cases of necessity (foreigners without documents from their country and at the same time holders of a residence permit, stateless persons, asylum seekers, and others).

The passport, along with the Swiss identity card allows for freedom of movement in any of the states of EFTA and the EU. This is because Switzerland is a member state of EFTA, and through bilateral agreements with the EU.

Printing registration
In color printing, print registration is the layering of printed patterns to form a multicolor pattern. Registration error is the "position misalignment in the overlapped patterns." Machine components such as the print cylinder, doctor blade assembly, printing plates, stress/friction and more, affect the registration of the machine.  Inconsistencies among these components can cause the printing press to fall out of registration; that is when press operators will begin to see defects in their print. There are many different ways to achieve proper registration, many of which employ the alignment of registration marks (pictured right). Many press manufacturers have installed automatic register systems to assist the operator in getting the print back into proper alignment.
Jafarkhan, Lorestan
Jafarkhan (Persian: جعفرخان, also Romanized as Ja‘farkhān) is a village in Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District, Kakavand District, Delfan County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 79, in 13 families.

Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District
Itivand-e Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان ایتیوند جنوبی) is in Itivand District of Delfan County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Qomesh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kahriz-e Varvasht.
Redheffer matrix
In mathematics, a Redheffer matrix, often denoted  as studied by Redheffer (1977), is a square (0,1) matrix whose entries aij are 1 if i divides j or if j = 1; otherwise, aij = 0. It is useful in some contexts to express Dirichlet convolution, or convolved divisors sums, in terms of matrix products involving the transpose of the  Redheffer matrix.

Transpose
In linear algebra, transposition is an operation that flips a matrix over its diagonal; that is, transposition switches the row and column indices of the matrix A to produce another matrix, called the transpose of A and often denoted AT (among other notations).

The transpose of a matrix was introduced in 1858 by the British mathematician Arthur Cayley.