hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Governor General's Award for English-language drama
The Governor General's Award for English-language drama honours excellence in Canadian English-language playwriting. The award was created in 1981 when the Governor General's Award for English-language poetry or drama was divided.

Because the award is presented for plays published in print, a play's eligibility for the award can sometimes be several years later than its eligibility for awards, such as the Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding New Play or the Floyd S. Chalmers Canadian Play Award, which are based on the theatrical staging. Titles which compile several works by the playwright into a single volume may also be nominated for or win the award.

Floyd S. Chalmers Canadian Play Award
The Floyd S. Chalmers Canadian Play Award was a Canadian literary award given to Canadian plays produced by any professional Canadian theatre company, and having performances in the Toronto area.

The prize had a monetary value of $25,000, and was named for benefactor Floyd Chalmers, an editor and publisher.

From the award's inception until 1980, one play was named the winner of the award, except for a tie in 1977. In 1980, the award began honouring multiple plays. That year, five winners were named. Since then, four plays normally won the award each year. In 1983, a youth theatre prize was added alongside the general theatre category.

The award was one of several arts awards created by the Chalmers family of Toronto. In 2001 the award was presented for the final time, and in 2002 the Chalmers family endowed an Ontario Arts Council fund for two arts grant programs.
StoryMill
StoryMill (originally Avenir) is a text editor designed for fiction writers. It provides scene, chapter and character management capabilities along with the ability to annotate text and a claimed industry-first timeline view.

Avenir was developed by Todd Ransom, of Return Self Software, who also developed Montage, a Mac screenwriting application, for Mariner Software. From version 3, Avenir is being "republished" by Mariner, as StoryMill.

Text editor
A text editor is interactive software that allows a user to edit plain text, such as Notepad.

As with any software, a text editor can be installed onto a  system, but often a relatively simple text editor is included in a default installation of an operating system (OS) since editing text files is a relatively basic need for any system and since a simple text editor can be provided at relatively low cost.

As source code is text, any text editor can be used to edit code, but a source-code editor is designed with features specifically intended for editing code. Some provide integration with software development tools and provide a debugging environment.
Kay Ulanday Barrett
Kay Ulanday Barrett is a published poet, performer, educator, food writer, cultural strategist, and transgender, gender non-conforming, and disability advocate based in New York and New Jersey. Their work has been showcased nationally and internationally. Their second book, More Than Organs (Sibling Rivalry Press, 2020) received a 2021 Stonewall Honor Book Award by the American Library Association and was a 2021 Lambda Literary Award for Transgender Literature Finalist. They are a 2020 James Baldwin Fellowship recipient, a three-time Pushcart Prize nominee, and a two-time Best of the Net nominee. Barrett's writing and performance centers on the experience of queer, transgender, people of color, mixed race people, Asian, and Filipino/a/x community. The focus of their artistic work navigates multiple systems of oppression in the context of the U.S.

Bitch (magazine)
Bitch was an independent, quarterly alternative magazine published in Portland, Oregon. Its tagline described it as a "feminist response to pop culture", and it was described in 2008 by the Columbia Journalism Review as "a respected journal of cultural discourse". As a feminist publication, it took an intersectional approach.

Bitch was published by the nonprofit feminist media organization Bitch Media. The magazine included analysis of current political events, social, and cultural trends, television shows, movies, books, music, advertising, and artwork. Its print magazine had about 80,000 readers. The magazine's publisher, Kate Lesniak, estimated that it had an online readership of 4.5 million. On April 12, 2022, it was announced that Bitch Media would cease operations in June 2022.
Protoxerini
The Protoxerini comprise a tribe of squirrels found in Africa. The 30 species in six genera are:

Epixerus (monotypic) - Ebian's palm squirrel

Funisciurus (nine species) - African striped squirrels

Heliosciurus (six species) - sun squirrels

Myosciurus (monotypic) - African pygmy squirrel

Paraxerus (11 species) - African bush squirrels

Protoxerus (two species) - African giant squirrels

African pygmy squirrel
The African pygmy squirrel (Myosciurus pumilio) is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is monotypic within the genus Myosciurus. It is found in tropical rainforests in Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon. It is not considered threatened, but likely declines locally due to habitat loss. Together with the least pygmy squirrel of Asia, the African pygmy squirrel is the world's smallest squirrel measuring about 12–14 cm (4.7–5.5 in) in total length and just 15–18 g (0.53–0.63 oz) in weight, which is less than a typical house mouse.
R357 road (Ireland)
The R357 road is a regional road in Ireland linking Athleague, County Roscommon and Blue Ball, County Offaly. It passes Ballinasloe, County Galway, crosses the River Shannon at Shannonbridge, passes through  Cloghan, County Offaly and then through the cutaway peatlands of Boora Bog to Blue Ball where it terminates at the N52.

The road is 76 km (47 mi) long.

N52 road (Ireland)
The N52 road is a national secondary road in Ireland. It links the M7 motorway from just south of Nenagh, County Tipperary to the M1 motorway north of Dundalk in County Louth. The route forms a connection between the north east of Ireland and the mid west traversing the midlands. It interchanges with the M6 at Kilbeggan and at Tyrrellspass, the N4 at Mullingar, the N3 at Kells, and the N2 at Ardee before continuing towards Dundalk.

The road is 177.694 km (110.414 mi) long.
1913–14 Western Football League
The 1913–14 season was the 22nd in the history of the Western Football League.

The league champions this season were Cardiff City Reserves, the first time they had won the league. This was the last season before the outbreak of World War I, which halted all organised football in the United Kingdom for several years. The Western League did not recommence until the 1919–20 season, when a number of new clubs joined the league and a second division was formed. Several clubs did not rejoin the league after the war.

1919–20 Western Football League
The 1919–20 season was the 23rd in the history of the Western Football League in South West England.

This was the first season after the end of World War I, which had halted all organised football in the United Kingdom for several years. A number of new clubs joined the league and a second division was formed. Several clubs had not rejoined the league after the war. The Division One champions this season were Douglas, in their first season in the league. Champions of Division Two were Frome Town, although it was Yeovil and Petters United that were promoted to Division One.
Clonmel Island
Clonmel Island is a sand island in Corner Inlet, in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia. Located within the Nooramunga Marine and Coastal Park, it is a part of a complex of barrier islands that protects a large marine embayment from the pounding waves of the Bass Strait. It is one of the five major islands of Corner Inlet, a Ramsar site, and hosts significant breeding colonies of Caspian terns,  crested terns, and Australian fairy terns.

Corner Inlet
The Corner Inlet is a 600-square-kilometre (230 sq mi) bay located 200 kilometres (120 mi) south-east of Melbourne in the South Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia. Of Victoria's large bays it is both the easternmost and the warmest. It contains intertidal mudflats, mangroves, salt marsh and seagrass meadows, sheltered from the surf of Bass Strait by a complex of 40 sandy barrier islands, the largest of which are Snake, Sunday and Saint Margaret Islands.

The inlet is protected as a Ramsar site by the Nooramunga and Corner Inlet Marine and Coastal Parks, and by part of it lying within the 1,550-hectare (3,800-acre) Corner Inlet Marine National Park. The inlet adjoins Wilsons Promontory in the west, extends to Ninety Mile Beach in the east, and supports large numbers of migratory waders and other birds as well a rich marine flora and fauna.
George Gore (judge)
George Gore (1675–1753) was an Irish landowner and judge: he held office as Attorney General for Ireland and later served as a justice of the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland). Despite his vigorous efforts, he failed to gain further promotion, but his second son John, Lord Annaly, became Lord Chief Justice of Ireland.

Attorney-General for Ireland
The Attorney-General for Ireland was an Irish and then, from 1801 under the Acts of Union 1800, United Kingdom government office-holder. He was senior in rank to the Solicitor-General for Ireland: both advised the Crown on Irish legal matters. With the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, the duties of the Attorney-General and Solicitor-General for Ireland were taken over by the Attorney General of Ireland. The office of Solicitor-General for Ireland was abolished at the same time for reasons of economy. This led to repeated complaints from the first Attorney General of Ireland, Hugh Kennedy, about the "immense volume of work" which he was now forced to deal with single-handedly.
2008 BMW Open
The 2008 BMW Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 93rd edition of the BMW Open, and was part of the International Series of the 2008 ATP Tour. It took place in Munich, Germany, from 28 April through 4 May 2008.

The announced draw was led by Marseille semifinalist Paul-Henri Mathieu, Viña del Mar champion Fernando González, Auckland winner and BMW Open defending champion Philipp Kohlschreiber. Other top seeds were Miami and Monte Carlo Masters quarterfinalist Igor Andreev, Indian Wells Masters quarterfinalist Tommy Haas, Andreas Seppi, Steve Darcis and Marin Čilić.

2008 Sony Ericsson Open – Men's singles
Nikolay Davydenko defeated Rafael Nadal in the final, 6–4, 6–2 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2008 Miami Open. It was his second Masters title.

Novak Djokovic was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to qualifier Kevin Anderson.
Communist Party of India (Marxist) – Kerala
The Communist Party of India (Marxist), Kerala or CPI(M) Kerala is the Kerala state wing of CPI(M). It is responsible for organizing and coordinating the party's activities and campaigns within the state, as well as selecting candidates for local, state, and national elections. Currently, it is the governing party in the Kerala Legislative Assembly and has significant representation of the state in the Rajya Sabha. The CPI(M) currently leads the LDF alliance.

1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
The Kerala Legislative Assembly election of 1957 was the first assembly election in the Indian state of Kerala. The Communist Party of India won the election with 60 seats. The election led to the formation of first democratically elected communist government in India. The election also made Kerala as the first state to elect a Non-Congress party in the country.
Peter Hartley (footballer)
Peter Hartley (born 3 April 1988) is an English former professional footballer who played as a centre-back.

Hartley began his career at Sunderland, during which time he had a spell on loan at Chesterfield. He then went on to play for Hartlepool United, Stevenage, Plymouth Argyle, Bristol Rovers and Blackpool and in August 2017, he signed for Motherwell, initially on loan, making the move permanent in January 2018. In 2020, Hartley joined Indian Super League side Jamshedpur before returning to Hartlepool United for his second spell with the club in 2023. He ended his career in India with Inter Kashi.

2021–22 Indian Super League
The 2021–22 Indian Super League season was the eighth season of the Indian Super League (ISL) since its formation in 2013 and the 26th season of the top division of Indian football league system. The season started on 19 November 2021 and concluded with the final on 20 March 2022. Except for the final, it was hosted behind closed doors across three venues in Goa due to the COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Jamshedpur won the League Winners' Shield and Hyderabad won the trophy having defeated Kerala Blasters in the final.
2025 in rail transport
This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in 2025.

The year marks the bicentenary of the Stockton and Darlington Railway, considered to be the first operational passenger railway. Several events in the United Kingdom were held to celebrate the bicentenary as part of the Railway 200 program.

Trams in Moscow
The Moscow tramway network, which is divided into two sub-networks, is a key element of the public transport system in Moscow, the capital city of Russia. Opened in 1872, it has been operated since 1958 until 2021 by Mosgortrans, a state-owned company.
Variable cycle engine
A variable cycle engine (VCE), also referred to as adaptive cycle engine (ACE), is an aircraft jet engine that is designed to operate efficiently under mixed flight conditions, such as subsonic, transonic and supersonic.

An advanced technology engine is a turbine engine that allows different turbines to spin at different, individually optimum speeds, instead of at one speed for all. It emerged on larger airplanes, before finding other applications.

The next generation of supersonic transport (SST) may require some form of VCE. To reduce aircraft drag at supercruise, SST engines require a high specific thrust (net thrust/airflow) to minimize the powerplant's cross-sectional area. This implies a high jet velocity during supersonic cruise and at take-off, which makes the aircraft noisy.

Specific thrust
Specific thrust is the thrust per unit air mass flowrate of a jet engine (e.g. turbojet, turbofan, etc.) and can be calculated by the ratio of net thrust/total intake airflow.

Low specific thrust engines tend to be more efficient of propellant (at subsonic speeds), but also have a lower effective exhaust velocity and lower maximum airspeed. High specific thrust engines are mostly used for supersonic speeds, and high specific thrust engines can achieve hypersonic speeds.
2007–08 Dayton Flyers men's basketball team
The 2007–08 Dayton Flyers men's basketball team represented the University of Dayton during the 2007–08 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Flyers, led by fifth year head coach Brian Gregory, played their home games at the University of Dayton Arena and were members of the Atlantic 10 Conference. They finished the season 23–11, 8–8 in A-10 play. They received an at-large bid to the NIT where they defeated Cleveland State in the first round and Illinois State in the second round before falling to eventual champion Ohio State in the quarterfinals. The Flyers started the season 14–1 and were ranked as high as 14th in the AP poll, the program's highest ranking since the 1967–68 season. Dayton finished the regular season 6–8 after injuries to starter Charles Little and highly rated freshman Chris Wright.

2007–08 Ohio State Buckeyes men's basketball team
The 2007–08 Ohio State Buckeyes men's basketball team represented Ohio State University in the 2007–08 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by fourth-year head coach Thad Matta, and played their home games at the Value City Arena, in Columbus, Ohio as members of the Big Ten Conference. They finished in fifth place in the Big Ten, squarely on the NCAA tournament bubble. However, they were not selected, marking the only time in coach Thad Matta's head coaching career his team missed the NCAA tournament while being eligible. The team dominated in the 2008 National Invitation Tournament on their way to a 92–85 victory over Massachusetts in the final.
Band VI
Band VI is a radio frequency range within the super high frequency (SHF) part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

One source states that Band VI ranges from 11.7 to 12.5 GHz, whilst other earlier sources state the range as 11.7 to 12.7 GHz. The band is used for direct-broadcast satellite (DBS)  and amateur radio astronomy.

Radio frequency
Radio frequency (RF) is the oscillation rate of an alternating electric current or voltage or of a magnetic, electric or electromagnetic field or mechanical system in the frequency range from around 20 kHz to around 300 GHz. These are the frequencies at which energy from an oscillating current can radiate off a conductor into space as radio waves, so they are used in radio technology, among other uses.  Different sources specify different upper and lower bounds for the frequency range.
Soil biology
Soil biology is the study of microbial and faunal activity and ecology in soil.
Soil life, soil biota, soil fauna, or edaphon is a collective term that encompasses all organisms that spend a significant portion of their life cycle within a soil profile, or at the  soil-litter interface.
These organisms include earthworms, nematodes, protozoa, fungi, bacteria, different arthropods, as well as some reptiles (such as snakes), and species of burrowing mammals like gophers, moles and prairie dogs. Soil biology plays a vital role in determining many soil characteristics. The decomposition of organic matter by soil organisms has an immense influence on soil fertility, plant growth, soil structure, and carbon storage. As a relatively new science, much remains unknown about soil biology and its effect on soil ecosystems.

Nutrient cycle
A nutrient cycle (or ecological recycling) is the movement and exchange of inorganic and organic matter back into the production of matter. Energy flow is a unidirectional and noncyclic pathway, whereas the movement of mineral nutrients is cyclic. Mineral cycles include the carbon cycle, sulfur cycle, nitrogen cycle, water cycle, phosphorus cycle, oxygen cycle, among others that continually recycle along with other mineral nutrients into productive ecological nutrition.
Joseph Massad
Joseph Andoni Massad (Arabic: جوزيف مسعد; born 1963) is a Jordanian academic specializing in Middle Eastern studies, who serves as Professor of Modern Arab Politics and Intellectual History in the Department of Middle Eastern, South Asian, and African Studies at Columbia University. His academic work has focused on Palestine, Zionism, Sigmund Freud and psychoanalysis, and nationalism, identity, culture, and sexuality in the Arab world.

Massad was born in Jordan in 1963 and is of Palestinian Christian descent. He received his Ph.D. in political science from Columbia University in 1998. He is known for his books The Persistence of the Palestinian Question: Essays on Zionism and the Palestinians and Desiring Arabs, about representations of sexual desire in the Arab world.

Middle East Studies Association
Middle East Studies Association (often referred to as MESA) is a learned society, and according to its website, "a non-profit association that fosters the study of the Middle East, promotes high standards of scholarship and teaching, and encourages public understanding of the region and its peoples through programs, publications and services that enhance education, further intellectual exchange, recognize professional distinction, and defend academic freedom".

Some critics have accused MESA of politicization and being dominated by academics critical of Israel and the United States. In 2007, the Association for the Study of the Middle East and Africa was founded as an ideological counterweight to MESA.
Nord 260
The Nord 260, built in prototype form as the Max Holste MH.260 Super Broussard, ("Super Bushranger"), was a turboprop-powered, uprated version of the piston-engined Max Holste MH.250 Super Broussard, that was further developed into the Aérospatiale N 262.

Direction générale de l'armement
The Direction générale de l'armement (French pronunciation: [diʁɛksjɔ̃ ʒeneʁal də laʁməmɑ̃], lit. 'Directorate General of Armament', abbr. DGA), established in 1961, is the French Government defence procurement and technology agency, responsible within the Ministry of Armed Forces for project management, development, and purchase of weapon systems for the French military. The DGA's mission is to prepare the future of French defence systems, equip the French Armed Forces, as well as to promote French defence industry exports.
Earl Sinks
Henry Earl Sinks (January 1, 1940 – May 13, 2017), known professionally as Earl Sinks, was an American rock and roll singer-songwriter and actor. Sinks' career in music and acting spanned the 1950s to the 1990s. He is best known for his brief tenure as a member and occasional lead singer of The Crickets from 1958 to 1960, and for his acting roles in numerous low-budget movies and TV shows in the 1960s.

He recorded under the names Earl Sinks, Sinx Mitchell, Earl Richards, and Earl "Snake" Richards. He wrote songs for various other artists, including Sue Thompson, The Everly Brothers, The Newbeats, Ernie Ashworth, Brenda Lee, Roy Orbison, Mel Tillis, and Buddy Holly. He also played guitar and sang harmony for sessions with artists such as Mel Tillis, Del Reeves, Mel Street, and Charlie Pride.

Ernest Ashworth
Ernest Bert Ashworth (December 15, 1928 – March 2, 2009) was an American country music singer, broadcaster, and longtime Grand Ole Opry star. Signed to the Hickory label, he recorded two studio albums in his career and charted several singles on Billboard Hot Country Songs, including the number one "Talk Back Trembling Lips" and seven other top ten hits.
Fred Gage
Fred "Rusty" Gage (born October 8, 1950) is an American geneticist known for his discovery of stem cells in the adult human brain. Gage is a former president (2018–2023) of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, where he holds the Vi and John Adler Chair for Research on Age-Related Neurodegenerative Disease and works in the Laboratory of Genetics.

Gage concentrates on the adult central nervous system and the unexpected plasticity and adaptability that remains throughout the life of all mammals. His work may lead to methods of replacing brain tissue lost to stroke or Alzheimer's disease and repairing spinal cords damaged by trauma.

St. Stephen's School Rome
St. Stephen's School Rome (formerly known as St. Stephen's International School) is a private, international day and boarding school in the heart of Rome on the Aventine Hill near the Circus Maximus, Forum, and Colosseum. The school's motto is Mens Voluntas Gratia (lit. 'Mind, Will, Grace').

In 2024, Architectural Digest named the school one of the "World's 9 Most Beautiful Boarding Schools."
Pineapple pit
A pineapple pit is a method of growing pineapples in colder climates. One of the earliest examples in Britain has been found by archaeologists at Heligan in Cornwall. The first pineapples known to have been grown in Europe were cultivated in the Netherlands in 1685. None were grown in England until about 1715.

Pineapple
The pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae.

The pineapple is indigenous to South America, where it has been cultivated for many centuries. The introduction of the pineapple plant to Europe in the 17th century made it a significant cultural icon of luxury. Since the 1820s, pineapple has been commercially grown in greenhouses and many tropical plantations. The fruit, particularly its juice, has diverse uses in cuisines and desserts.

Pineapples grow as a small shrub; the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form a multiple fruit. The plant normally propagates from the offset produced at the top of the fruit or from a side shoot, and typically matures within a year.