hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Victorian Railways No.1 (1857)
The Victorian Railways No. 1 was the first government passenger steam locomotive on Victorian Railways. It was a 2-2-2 (later 2-4-0) passenger locomotive operated by the Victorian Railways between 1858 and 1890 and again between 1893 and 1904, built by George England and Co., Newcastle upon Tyne, England.

2-2-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-2-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, two powered driving wheels on one axle, and two trailing wheels on one axle. The wheel arrangement both provided more stability and enabled a larger firebox than the earlier 0-2-2 and 2-2-0 types. This wheel arrangement is sometimes described as a Single, although this name could be used to describe any kind of locomotive with a single pair of driving wheels.
1926 Spanish Grand Prix
The 1926 Spanish Grand Prix (formally the II Gran Premio de España) was a Grand Prix motor race held at Circuito Lasarte on 25 July 1926. The race was held over 40 laps of a 17.315 km circuit, for a total race distance of 692.6 km. The race was won by Bartolomeo Costantini driving a Bugatti.

The race was held just one week after the 1926 European Grand Prix held on the same circuit. The European Grand Prix was a round of the 1926 AIACR World Championship, so was held to the 1.5 litre formula. The Spanish Grand Prix was held to Formula Libre, and so the Bugatti and Delage factory entries ran their 1925 2-litre cars.

Circuito Lasarte
The Circuito Lasarte was an 17.749 km (11.029 mi) Grand Prix motor racing road course at Lasarte-Oria, Gipuzkoa, Spain in the Basque Country near the city of San Sebastián on the Bay of Biscay. The counterclockwise layout was used between 1923 and 1935 but racing ended with the eruption of the Spanish Civil War in 1936 and after the war auto racing resumed at new tracks near Barcelona.

The Circuito Lasarte played host to the San Sebastian Grand Prix, Spanish Grand Prix and the 1926 European Grand Prix. No longer operational for auto racing, in 1965 the layout was used for the World Cycling Championship.
Hygrophoropsis psammophila
Hygrophoropsis psammophila is a species of fungus in the family Hygrophoropsidaceae. Originally described by John Burton Cleland in 1933 as Paxillus psammophilus, it was transferred to the genus Hygrophoropsis by Cheryl Grgurinovic in 1997. It is found in Australia, where it grows in groups in sand.

Hygrophoropsidaceae
The Hygrophoropsidaceae are a family of mushrooms that are gilled in appearance but lie within the Boletales. The family contains 18 species within two genera: Leucogyrophana and Hygrophoropsis, with the best-known member being the "false chanterelle", Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca. Hygrophoropsidaceae was circumscribed by French mycologist Robert Kühner in 1980, with Hygrophoropsis as the type genus. Unlike most members of the Boletales, Hygrophoropsidaceae species are saprophytic wood-rotting fungi that cause brown rot in their hosts. The genera Austropaxillus and Tapinella, once placed in this family, are now classified in the Serpulaceae and Tapinellaceae,  respectively.
Tsaritsyno (Moscow Metro)
Tsaritsyno (Russian: Царицыноpronunciationⓘ) is a Moscow Metro station in Tsaritsyno District, Southern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Zamoskvoretskaya line, between Kantemirovskaya and Orekhovo stations. The entrance is located at the intersection of Luganskaya,  Kaspiyskaya and Tovarishchesckaya ('Luhansk', 'Caspian', and 'Tovarishch' streets).

Tsaritsyno opened on 30 December 1984 as part of an extension but was closed the very next day because of flooding. It reopened on 9 February 1985.

From its opening until November 1990, the station was named Lenino for the Lenino-Dachnoye region. The city renamed the station Tsaritsyno for Tsaritsyno Park, which houses a palace once owned by Catherine the Great.

The stations was closed from 12 November 2022 to May 2023 due to the reconstruction works.

Zamoskvoretskaya line
The Zamoskvoretskaya line (Russian: Замоскворе́цкая ли́ния, IPA: [zəməskvɐˈrʲɛtskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə]pronunciationⓘ), formerly Gorkovsko–Zamoskvoretskaya (Го́рьковско-Замоскворе́цкая) (Line 2; Green Line), is a line of the Moscow Metro in the Moscow Oblast of Russia. Opened in 1938, chronologically it became the third line in the metro system despite being labeled second. There are 24 stations on the Zamoskvoretskaya line, and it spans 42.8 kilometres (26.6 mi), roughly crossing Moscow in a north–south direction. A normal trip along the entire line takes 55 minutes, with the trains on the line averaging 42 kilometres per hour (26 mph). While most of the line is underground, there are some pockets of surface-level or above-ground track, mainly at the point where the line crosses the Moskva River. Many of the line's stations are renowned for their grand interiors and intricate architectural features and have been classified as objects of cultural heritage.
2016 Asia Pacific Championship
The 2016 Asia Pacific Women's Championship was a rugby union competition for women's national teams held in Hong Kong from 9 to 17 December 2016. This tournament doubled as the qualification to the 2017 Women's Rugby World Cup, which is why Fiji, by virtue of winning the 2016 Oceania Rugby Women's Championship, is attending. The top two teams directly qualify to the World Cup.

Japan and Hong Kong secured their places for the Rugby World Cup after both teams defeated Fiji.

2016 Oceania Rugby Women's Championship
The 2016 Oceania Rugby Women's Championship was the inaugural Oceania Championship for women's rugby in the region. It was held in Suva on November 5. It was part of the 2017 Rugby World Cup qualifying process.
Warner LeRoy
Warner Lewis LeRoy (March 5, 1935 – February 22, 2001), was a New York City businessman. LeRoy was the son of film producer-director Mervyn LeRoy and Mervyn's second wife, Doris Warner, the grandson of Harry Warner, one of the founders of Warner Bros., first cousin once removed of pioneer film producer Jesse L. Lasky, and a major contributor to the development of the film industry.

Jesse L. Lasky
Jesse Louis Lasky (September 13, 1880 – January 13, 1958) was an American pioneer motion picture producer who was a key founder of what was to become Paramount Pictures, and father of screenwriter Jesse L. Lasky Jr.
Glutaric acid
Glutaric acid is the organic compound with the formula C3H6(COOH)2. Although the related "linear" dicarboxylic acids adipic and succinic acids are water-soluble only to a few percent at room temperature, the water-solubility of glutaric acid is over 50% (w/w).

Dicarboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a dicarboxylic acid is an organic compound containing two carboxyl groups (−COOH). The general molecular formula for dicarboxylic acids can be written as HO2C−R−CO2H, where R can be aliphatic or aromatic. In general, dicarboxylic acids show similar chemical behavior and reactivity to monocarboxylic acids. Dicarboxylic acids are usually colorless solids.  A wide variety of dicarboxylic acids are used in industry. Adipic acid, for example, is a precursor to certain kinds of nylon. A wide variety of dicarboxylic acids are found in nature. Aspartic acid and glutamic acid are two amino acids found in all life.  Succinic and fumaric acids are essential for metabolism. A large inventory of derivatives are known including many mono- and diesters, amides, etc.
Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War
The Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War was a conflict between two cadet branches of the French royal family: the House of Orléans (Armagnac faction) and the House of Burgundy (Burgundian faction) from 1407 to 1435. It began during a lull in the Hundred Years' War against the English and overlapped with the Western Schism of the papacy.

John, Duke of Berry
John of Berry or John the Magnificent (French: Jean de Berry, Latin: Johannes de Bituria; 30 November 1340 – 15 June 1416) was Duke of Berry and Auvergne and Count of Poitiers and Montpensier. His brothers were King Charles V of France, Duke Louis I of Anjou and Duke Philip the Bold of Burgundy. He was Regent of France from 1380 to 1388 during the minority of his nephew Charles VI.

John is primarily remembered as a collector of the important illuminated manuscripts and other works of art commissioned by him, such as the Très Riches Heures. His personal motto was Le temps venra ("the time will come").
Tatiana Kosheleva
Tatiana Sergeyevna Kosheleva (Russian: Татья́на Серге́евна Ко́шелева, born 23 December 1988) is a Russian volleyball player. She was a member of the Russia women's national volleyball team that won the gold medal at the 2010 World Championship, the 2013 European Championship and the 2015 European Championship.

2016 FIVB Volleyball Women's Club World Championship
The 2016 FIVB Women's Club World Championship was the 10th edition of the event. It was held for the first time in the Philippines, on 18–23 October 2016 at the SM Mall of Asia Arena. For the first time, eight teams competed, including four wild cards.

The Philippine Super Liga and Eventcourt was in charge of organizing the tournament, together with the Larong Volleyball sa Pilipinas, Inc. (LVPI), the national federation for volleyball.

Turkey's Eczacıbaşı VitrA defeated Italy's Pomì Casalmaggiore in the final to become the first team in history to claim the title a second time after their 2015 success. Vakıfbank İstanbul defeated Voléro Zürich in the bronze medal match. Serbian Tijana Bošković from Eczacıbaşı was elected the Most Valuable Player.
Fenhosuchus
Fenhosuchus is an extinct genus of archosauriform. The holotype, IVPP V 2697, and referred materials have been found in the Hsishihwa locality at Wuhsiang, China, from the Upper Ermaying Formation (also Ehrmaying). The locality dates back to the Anisian stage of the Middle Triassic. The genus was named after the Fen River in Shanxi Province from which specimens were found. It may prove to be a chimera being composed of material from several different animals. Some material were believed to represent a rauisuchid. The calcaneum of Fenhosuchus seems to belong to an erythrosuchid or other basal archosauriform. Much of the material of the tarsal bones seem to be similar to those of the genus Shansisuchus. According to Nesbitt (2009) the assessment of Gower (2000) was correct, the holotype is a mix of Shansisuchus remains and a possible fragment from a paracrocodylomorph or a dinosauriform. Thus, Fenhosuchus cannot be considered a rauisuchian.

Chimera (paleontology)
In paleontology, a chimera is a fossil that was reconstructed with elements coming from more than a single species or genus of animal. In other words, they are mistakes or sometimes hoaxes made by paleontologists, putting together parts that do not come from the same organism.
Laki Ghundaki
Laki Ghundaki is a village in Karak District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.  Laki Ghundak is located amidst Karak City and the populous town of Mitha Khel. It is 5 km from Karak city.

Latitude 33 08' 32" Longitude 70 09' 28"

Karak District
Karak District (Pashto: کرک ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع کرکpronounceⓘ) is a district of Kohat Division in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. It is situated to the south of Kohat District and on the north side of Bannu and Lakki Marwat districts on the main Indus Highway between Peshawar and Karachi – it is 131 km from the provincial capital Peshawar. It gained a district status in 1982, prior to which it was part of Kohat District.: 1

It is natively inhabited by the Khattak Pashtun tribe who make the majority of the population.
Metre sea water
The metre (or meter) sea water (msw) is a metric unit of pressure used in underwater diving. It is defined as one tenth of a bar. or as 1 msw = 10.0381 kPa according to EN 13319.

The unit used in the US is the foot sea water (fsw), based on standard gravity and a sea-water density of 64 lb/ft3. According to the US Navy Diving Manual, one fsw equals 0.30643 msw, 0.030643 bar, or 0.44444 psi, though elsewhere it states that 33 fsw is 14.7 psi (one atmosphere), which gives one fsw equal to about 0.445 psi.

The msw and fsw are the conventional units for measurement of diver pressure exposure used in decompression tables and the unit of calibration for pneumofathometers and hyperbaric chamber pressure gauges.

Standard atmosphere (unit)
The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as 101325 Pa. It is sometimes used as a reference pressure or standard pressure. It is approximately equal to Earth's average atmospheric pressure at sea level.
QuTiP
QuTiP, short for the Quantum Toolbox in Python, is an open-source computational physics software library for simulating quantum systems, particularly open quantum systems.  QuTiP allows simulation of Hamiltonians with arbitrary time-dependence, allowing simulation of situations of interest in quantum optics, ion trapping, superconducting circuits and quantum nanomechanical resonators.  The library includes extensive visualization facilities for content under simulations.

QuTiP's API provides a Python interface and uses Cython to allow run-time compilation and extensions via C and C++.  QuTiP is built to work well with popular Python packages NumPy, SciPy, Matplotlib and IPython.

SciPy
SciPy (pronounced /ˈsaɪpaɪ/ "sigh pie") is a free and open-source Python library used for scientific computing and technical computing.

SciPy contains modules for optimization, linear algebra, integration, interpolation, special functions, fast Fourier transform, signal and image processing, ordinary differential equation solvers and other tasks common in science and engineering.

SciPy is also a family of conferences for users and developers of these tools: SciPy (in the United States), EuroSciPy (in Europe) and SciPy.in (in India). Enthought originated the SciPy conference in the United States and continues to sponsor many of the international conferences as well as host the SciPy website.

The SciPy library is currently distributed under the BSD license, and its development is sponsored and supported by an open community of developers. It is also supported by NumFOCUS, a community foundation for supporting reproducible and accessible science.
Mäsäde
Mäsäde (Tatar: Мәсәде, romanized: Mäsäde) is a rural locality (a derevnya) in Aqtanış District, Tatarstan. The population was 321 as of 2010.
Mäsäde is located 23 km from Aqtanış, district's administrative centre, and 364 km from Qazan, republic's capital, by road.
The village was established in 1927.
There are 4 streets in the village.

Aktanysh
Aktanysh (Russian: Актаны́ш; Tatar: Актаныш; Bashkir: Аҡтаныш), historically known as Lower Aktanyshbash (Russian: Нижний Актанышбаш; Bashkir: Түбәнге Аҡтанышбаш) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Aktanyshsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. The population is less than 10,000, though it has steadily increased in recent decades;  8,923 (2010 Census); 8,148 (2002 Census); 6,814 (1989 Soviet census).

The village is situated in the lower reaches of the Belaya (Ağiðel) river, in the easternmost part of Tatarstan, less than 6 km (3.7 mi) from the border with Bashkortostan. Aktanysh lies about 300 km (190 mi) east of Kazan and 165 km (103 mi) northwest of Ufa as the crow flies.
Ministry of Transport (Norway)
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Transport, also referred as Ministry of Transport and Communications (Norwegian: Samferdselsdepartementet, SD) is a Norwegian ministry established in 1946, and is responsible for transportation in Norway. The ministry was responsible for communication infrastructure until may 2019, when the responsibility for the Norwegian Communications Authority was transferred to Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development. Since October 2021, the ministry has been headed by Jon-Ivar Nygård of the Labour Party. The department must report to the parliament (Stortinget).

Norwegian Communications Authority
The Norwegian Communications Authority (Norwegian: Nasjonal kommnikasjonsmyndighet), prior to 2015 the Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority (Post- og teletilsynet) is a Norwegian government agency responsible for controlling and regulating the telecommunication and postal sector of Norway. The agencies main responsibilities are controlling the telecom market, issuing frequency concessions and telephone numbers.

The authority has a close relationship with the Norwegian Competition Authority and the Norwegian Consumer Council. It is located in Lillesand and is financed though fees charged to the telecom companies. The authority dates back to 1987 when it was created as the Norwegian Telecommunications Authority (Teletilsynet). In 1997, it also received responsibility for the postal sector.
Ulvsunda
Ulvsunda is a district in Bromma in western Stockholm, just east of Stockholm Bromma Airport, built around Ulvsunda Castle, a 17th-century castle. Ulvsunda borders the ulvsunda industrial area to the north, Lake Ulvsunda and Traneberg to the east, Alvik and Stora Mossen to the south, and Riksby to the west. The southeastern part of Lillsjön is part of Ulvsunda and straight through the district stretches Ulvsundavägen.

The borough of Ulvsunda was formed in 1932 after the area changed its name from "kungsholms villastad" to "Ulvsunda trädgårdsstad" a few years prior.

Lennart Torstensson
Lennart Torstensson (17 August 1603 – 7 April 1651), Swedish Field Marshal and later Governor-General of Pomerania, Västergötland, Dalsland, Värmland and Halland. He adapted the use of artillery on the battlefield, making it a more mobile weapon than previously known. Torstensson achieved important victories in the Thirty Years' War and in Sweden's war against Denmark (1643-45), which is named the Torstenson War after him. The period of his supreme command marks one of the most successful chapters in the military history of the Swedish army.
Tubul Formation
Tubul Formation (Spanish: Formación Tubul) is an Early Pleistocene (formerly described as Middle Pliocene in 1968 and Late Pliocene in 1976) sedimentary formation located in Arauco Province in south–central Chile. Its sediments were deposited in marine conditions. It overlies unconformably the folded sedimentary formations of Ranquil (Miocene–Pliocene), Quiriquina (Late Cretaceous) and the Lebu Group (Paleocene-Eocene).

Mollusc fossils found in the formation derives from soft-bed environments (contrary to rocky coasts). Evidence from the fossil mollusc fauna of the Tubul Formation seem to indicate that local water temperatures were lower in the Pliocene than today. Waters and mollusc faunas of Magallanes Region are modern-day equivalents of Tubul Formation.

The formation was first defined by Egidio Feruglio in 1949.

Lebu Group
Lebu Group is stratigraphic unit of Arauco Basin in south-central Chile. The group consists of a sequence of four formations, of both marine and nonmarine origin, deposited between the Early Paleocene and Middle Eocene.
Baths of Caracalla
The Baths of Caracalla (Italian: Terme di Caracalla) in Rome, Italy, were the city's second largest Roman public baths, or thermae, after the Baths of Diocletian. The baths were likely built between AD 212 (or 211) and 216/217, during the reigns of emperors Septimius Severus and Caracalla. They were in operation until the 530s and then fell into disuse and ruin.

Both during and since their operation as baths, they served as inspiration for many other notable buildings, ancient and modern, such as the Baths of Diocletian, the Basilica of Maxentius, the original Pennsylvania Station in New York City, Chicago Union Station and the Senate of Canada Building. Artworks recovered from the ruins include famous sculptures such as the Farnese Bull and the Farnese Hercules.

Today the Baths of Caracalla are a tourist attraction.

Palaestra
A palaestra (/pəˈliːstrə/ or /-ˈlaɪ-/; or palestra; Ancient Greek: παλαίστρα) was any site of a Greek wrestling school in antiquity. Events requiring little space, such as boxing and wrestling, occurred there. Palaistrai functioned both independently and as a part of public gymnasia; a palaestra could exist without a gymnasium, but no gymnasium existed without a palaestra.
Stable manifold theorem
In mathematics, especially in the study of dynamical systems and differential equations, the stable manifold theorem is an important result about the structure of the set of orbits approaching a given hyperbolic fixed point. It roughly states that the existence of a local diffeomorphism near a fixed point implies the existence of a local stable center manifold containing that fixed point. This manifold has dimension equal to the number of eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix of the fixed point that are less than 1.

Orbit (dynamics)
In mathematics, specifically in the study of dynamical systems, an orbit is a collection of points related by the evolution function of the dynamical system. It can be understood as the subset of phase space covered by the trajectory of the dynamical system under a particular set of initial conditions, as the system evolves. As a phase space trajectory is uniquely determined for any given set of phase space coordinates, it is not possible for different orbits to intersect in phase space, therefore the set of all orbits of a dynamical system is a partition of the phase space. Understanding the properties of orbits by using topological methods is one of the objectives of the modern theory of dynamical systems.

For discrete-time dynamical systems, the orbits are sequences; for real dynamical systems, the orbits are curves; and for holomorphic dynamical systems, the orbits are Riemann surfaces.
Patung Pemuda Membangun
Patung Pemuda Membangun (translated as Youth Advancement Monument or simply Youth Monument) is a statue located at the southern end of Jalan Jenderal Sudirman, Jakarta, Indonesia. The statue marks the entrance to Kebayoran Baru subdistrict in South Jakarta.

Pertamina
PT Pertamina (Persero) is an Indonesian state-owned oil and natural gas corporation, headquartered in Jakarta. It was created in August 1968 by the merger of Pertamin (established 1961) and Permina (established in 1957). In 2020, the firm was the third-largest crude oil producer in Indonesia behind US-based companies ExxonMobil's Mobil Cepu Ltd. and Chevron Pacific Indonesia. According to the 2020 Fortune Global 500 list, Pertamina is the largest company in Indonesia.
Tobe Hooper's unrealized projects
Over the course of his career, American film director Tobe Hooper had worked on a number of projects which never progressed beyond the pre-production stage under his direction. Some of these projects fell into "development hell" or were officially cancelled, while others were taken over and completed by other filmmakers.

The Cannon Group, Inc.
The Cannon Group, Inc. was an American group of companies, including Cannon Films, which produced films from 1967 to 1994. The extensive group also owned, amongst others, a large international cinema chain and a video film company that invested heavily in the video market, buying the international video rights to several classic film libraries. The Cannon catalogue encompasses a wide range of different genres. Cannon Films is known for its highly successful 1980s action B movies, such as Missing in Action (1984), American Ninja (1985), and Bloodsport (1988). It also produced the Oscar-nominated films Joe (1970), Runaway Train (1985) and Street Smart (1987).