hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cricot 2
Cricot 2 was a Polish experimental theatre company based in Kraków. It was founded in 1955 by the renowned theatre director, professional painter and assemblage artist, avantgarde set designer and art theorist Tadeusz Kantor, with artwork in the collections of the National Museum in Kraków and Warsaw.

Productions were initially based on dramas by Witkacy, but later plays were genuine creations of Tadeusz Kantor himself.

Experimental theatre
Experimental theatre (also known as avant-garde theatre), inspired largely by Wagner's concept of Gesamtkunstwerk, began in Western theatre in the late 19th century with Alfred Jarry and his Ubu plays as a rejection of both the age in particular and, in general, the dominant ways of writing and producing plays. The term has shifted over time as the mainstream theatre world has adopted many forms that were once considered radical.

Like other forms of the avant-garde, it was created as a response to a perceived general cultural crisis. Despite different political and formal approaches, all avant-garde theatre opposes bourgeois theatre. It tries to introduce a different use of language and the body to change the mode of perception and to create a new, more active relation with the audience.
Gmina Zielonki
Gmina Zielonki is a rural community (Polish: gmina) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Zielonki, which lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 48.4 square kilometres (18.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 15,740.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Dłubnia Landscape Park.

Kraków County
Kraków County (Polish: powiat krakowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Kraków, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city with powiat rights). The county contains five towns: Skawina, 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Kraków, Krzeszowice, 24 km (15 mi) west of Kraków, Słomniki, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Kraków, Skała, 20 km (12 mi) north of Kraków, and Świątniki Górne, 15 km (9 mi) south of Kraków.

The county covers an area of 1,229.62 square kilometres (474.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 278,219, out of which the population of Skawina is 24,340, that of Krzeszowice is 10,014, that of Słomniki is 4,343, that of Skała is 3,798, that of Świątniki Górne is 2,431, and the rural population is 233,293.
Stalag XIII-C
Stalag XIII-C  (or Stammlager XIII C) was a German Army World War II prisoner-of-war camp (Stammlager) built on what had been the training camp at Hammelburg, Lower Franconia, Bavaria, Germany.  The camp was about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south from the town.  In 1943, the officer rank POWs were moved to nearby Oflag XIII-B camp.

Stalag
In  Germany, the term Stalag (/ˈstælæɡ/; German: [ˈʃtalak]) designated a prisoner-of-war camp. German: Stalag is a contraction of Stammlager, itself short for Kriegsgefangenen-Mannschaftsstammlager, literally "main camp for enlisted prisoners of war" (captured officers were kept in an Oflag).
Therefore, Stalag literally means "main camp".
1979–80 Albanian Cup
1979–80 Albanian Cup (Albanian: Kupa e Shqipërisë) was the twenty-eighth season of Albania's annual cup competition. It began in August 1979 with the First Round and ended in May 1980 with the Final matches. The winners of the competition qualified for the 1980-81 first round of the UEFA Cup. Vllaznia were the defending champions, having won their third Albanian Cup last season. The cup was won by KF Partizani.

The rounds were played in a two-legged format similar to those of European competitions. If the aggregated score was tied after both games, the team with the higher number of away goals advanced. If the number of away goals was equal in both games, the match was decided by extra time and a penalty shootout, if necessary.

1978–79 Albanian Cup
1978–79 Albanian Cup (Albanian: Kupa e Shqipërisë) was the twenty-seventh season of Albania's annual cup competition. It began in August 1978 with the First Round and ended in May 1979 with the Final matches. The winners of the competition qualified for the 1979-80 first round of the UEFA Cup. Dinamo Tirana were the defending champions, having won their ninth Albanian Cup last season. The cup was won by Vllaznia.

The rounds were played in a two-legged format similar to those of European competitions. If the aggregated score was tied after both games, the team with the higher number of away goals advanced. If the number of away goals was equal in both games, the match was decided by extra time and a penalty shootout, if necessary.
Oxygen (Winona Oak and Robin Schulz song)
"Oxygen" is a song by Swedish singer-songwriter Winona Oak and German DJ and record producer Robin Schulz. The song was released as a digital download on 29 May 2020. The song was written by Sam McCarthy, Robin Schulz, Paul Vogler, Casey Smith, Winona Oak and Daniel Dust.

Winona Oak
Johanna Ewana Ekmark (born 8 October 1994), also known as Winona Oak and sometimes as Oaks, is a Swedish singer-songwriter. In 2018, she became known for her cover of the Haim song "Don't Save Me" and collaborative singles like "Beautiful" (with What So Not) and "Hope" (with The Chainsmokers).
Todd Replogle
Todd Jason Replogle (born 1969) is an American video game programmer best known as the co-creator of the Duke Nukem series. He wrote six 2D action games for MS-DOS released as shareware by Apogee Software between 1990 and 1993. This includes Duke Nukem and Duke Nukem II, which are multidirectional scrolling platform games.

Replogle worked as a programmer on a team of developers for Duke Nukem 3D, published in 1996. One of the first major 2.5D games following Doom, it used the Build engine by Ken Silverman.

After Duke Nukem 3D, Replogle started some technical experimentation into what would later become Duke Nukem Forever. He retired from the gaming industry in 1997. The last game Replogle was known to be working on was called "Mr. Fist". This was something he showed to 3D Realms, but it was never published.

Duke Nukem
Duke Nukem is a video game series and media franchise created by the company Apogee Software Ltd. (now 3D Realms). The franchise follows the titular Duke Nukem as he battles against a military or extraterrestrial force. Originally a series of video games for personal computers, the series later expanded to have games released for various consoles by third-party developers. The first two games in the main series were 2D platformers, while later games have been a mix of first-person and third-person shooters.

In 2010, the rights of the series were acquired by Gearbox Software, who completed the development of Duke Nukem Forever and released it on 10 June 2011 in Europe and Australia and on 14 June 2011 in North America. The franchise generated over $1 billion in revenue by 2001.
Jakub Hrůša
Jakub Hrůša (born 23 July 1981) is a Czech conductor. He is chief conductor of the Bamberg Symphony, the music director of the Royal Opera House and the music director designate of the Czech Philharmonic (2028/29).

Má vlast
Má vlast (Czech pronunciation: [maː vlast]), also known as My Fatherland, is a set of six symphonic poems composed between 1874 and 1879 by the Czech composer Bedřich Smetana. The six pieces, conceived as individual works, are often presented and recorded as a single work in six movements. They premiered separately between 1875 and 1880. The complete set premiered on 5 November 1882 in Žofín Palace, Prague, under Adolf Čech.

Má vlast combines the symphonic poem form, pioneered by Franz Liszt, with the ideals of nationalistic music of the late nineteenth century. Each poem depicts an aspect of Bohemia's countryside, history, or legends.

The works have opened the Prague Spring International Music Festival, on the 12 May anniversary of the death of their composer, since 1952.
Bangladesh quota reform movement
The quota reform movement in Bangladesh was organized to demand a reduction in government job quotas and shift toward merit-based recruitment. There were three significant protests. The first occurred in 2013, when university students opposed the disproportionate allocation of jobs through quotas. In 2018, a second wave of protests led to a government circular favoring the protesters, but it was later invalidated by the Supreme Court. This sparked a third wave of protests in 2024, during which violent clashes between students, the police, and Chhatra League occurred, contributing to the movement turning into a non-cooperation campaign leading to the fall of the Hasina government.

2013 Bangladesh quota reform movement
The 2013 Bangladesh Quota Reform Movement was a movement against incumbent government policies regarding jobs in the government sector in the country. The movement began in the same location that saw the 2013 Shahbag protests in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Although initially confined to the locality of Shahbag and Dhaka University campus, it eventually spread to other parts of Bangladesh. It attained popularity as students of different universities in various parts of the country brought out processions of their own while demonstrating in solidarity with the main protest movement and pressing forward with similar demands.
Frankfurt-Höchst station
The Frankfurt-Höchst station is an important station in the Frankfurt district of Höchst and is the second largest station in the city with twelve tracks. It is currently mainly used by S-Bahn, suburban and regional services.

Regionalverkehre Start Deutschland
Regionalverkehre Start Deutschland GmbH is a German railway company that operates local rail passenger transport in Bremen, Hamburg, Hesse, Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia. The company is owned by Deutsche Bahn through DB Regio.

According to its own statements, the company would like to act “lean and dynamic” like a start-up company and thus meet the increasing cost and performance pressure in German local rail passenger transport. This came about, among other things, as a result of the liberalisation of local transport in Germany and the associated tenders in German states. The DB Regio company has lost many routes under this pressure in recent years.
Keyboardmania
Keyboardmania (キーボードマニア, Kībōdomania) (alternately KEYBOARD MANIA, and abbreviated KBM) is a rhythm video game created by the Bemani division of Konami. In this game up to two players use 24-key keyboards to play the piano or keyboard part of a selected song. Notes are represented on-screen by small bars that scroll downward above an image of the keyboard itself. The goal is to play the matching key when a note bar descends to the red play point line. The arcade cabinet has two screens - one for each player.

There is also a simulator called DoReMi Mania, which uses *.pms files, but the players can use a MIDI-to-pms converter to simplify editing.

Bemani
Bemani, stylized in all caps, is Konami's music video game division. Originally named the Game Machine Division (G.M.D.), it changed its name in honor of its first and most successful game, Beatmania, and expanded into other music-based games, most notably rhythm games such as Dance Dance Revolution, GuitarFreaks, and DrumMania.
Wolfe duality
In mathematical optimization, Wolfe duality, named after Philip Wolfe, is type of dual problem in which the objective function and constraints are all differentiable functions.  Using this concept a lower bound for a minimization problem can be found because of the weak duality principle.

Weak duality
In applied mathematics, weak duality is a concept in optimization which states that the duality gap is always greater than or equal to 0.  
This means that for any minimization problem, called the primal problem, the solution to the primal problem is always greater than or equal to the solution to the dual maximization problem.: 225  Alternatively, the solution to a primal maximization problem is always less than or equal to the solution to the dual minimization problem. So, in short: weak duality states that any solution feasible for the dual problem is a lower bound to the solution of the primal problem.

Weak duality is in contrast to strong duality, which states that the primal optimal objective and the dual optimal objective are equal. Strong duality only holds in certain cases.
Ralph Love
Sir Makere Rangiatea "Ralph" Love QSO JP (16 September 1907 – 22 August 1994) was a New Zealand Māori public servant and leader of Te Āti Awa. One of his brothers was Eruera Te Whiti o Rongomai Love (18 May 1905 – 12 July 1942), a New Zealand rugby player, interpreter and military leader.

Eruera Love
Eruera Te Whiti o Rongomai Love (18 May 1905 – 12 July 1942) was a New Zealand rugby player, interpreter and military leader. Of Māori descent, he identified with the Te Āti Awa iwi.

One of seven surviving children of Wi Hapi Pakau Love and Ripeka Wharawhara Love, he was born in Waikawa Bay, Marlborough, New Zealand on 18 May 1905.

A Territorial officer, during the Second World War, he was a company commander and later battalion commander of the Māori Battalion. He was killed in action in the Western Desert on 12 July 1942.
Burton Coggles
Burton Coggles (full name Burton-le-Coggles from Byrton-en-les-Coggles) is a small village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population is included in the civil parish of Bitchfield and Bassingthorpe. The village is situated 7 miles (11 km) south from Grantham, and between the B1176 road and the East Coast Main Line.

South Kesteven
South Kesteven is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England, forming part of the traditional Kesteven division of the county. Its council is based in Grantham. The district also includes the towns of Bourne, Market Deeping and Stamford, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

South Kesteven borders North Kesteven to the north, South Holland to the east, the City of Peterborough and North Northamptonshire to the south, Rutland to the south-west, the Melton district of Leicestershire to the west, and the Newark and Sherwood district of Nottinghamshire to the north-west.
Danewal, Punjab
Danewal is a village in Shahkot in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Shahkot, 21 kilometres (13 mi) from Nakodar, 45 kilometres (28 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 171 kilometres (106 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Shahkot, India
Shahkot is a small city and one of the five tehsils of Jalandhar district in Punjab, India. Shahkot is situated on Jalandhar-Moga-Barnala-Sirsa National Highway 703 (Old NH 71). Shahkot is administered by the Municipal Committee. About 176 villages belong to Shahkot tehsil.
Trace heating
Electric heat tracing, heat tape or surface heating, uses heat tracing cables to maintain or raise the temperature of pipes and vessels. This system involves an electrical heating element  contact with the pipe, which is typically covered with thermal insulation to retain heat and reduce losses. The heat generated maintains the pipe's temperature. Applications include freeze protection, maintaining flow temperature in hot water systems, and ensuring process temperatures for substances that solidify at ambient temperatures. Electric trace heating cables offer an alternative to steam trace heating when steam is unavailable or undesired.

Heating element
A heating element is a device used for conversion of electric energy into heat, consisting of a heating resistor and accessories. Heat is generated by the passage of electric current through a resistor through a process known as Joule heating. Heating elements are used in household appliances, industrial equipment, and scientific instruments enabling them to perform tasks such as cooking, warming, or maintaining specific temperatures higher than the ambient.

Heating elements may be used to transfer heat via conduction, convection, or radiation. They are different from devices that generate heat from electrical energy via the Peltier effect, and have no dependence on the direction of electrical current.
E. J. Whitten Medal
The E. J. Whitten Medal is awarded to the best Victorian player in an Australian rules football State of Origin football match. The award is named after Ted Whitten, also known as "Mr. Football", who played for and coached Footscray and was an advocate of interstate football. He played 29 games for Victoria, and he coached the state side nearing his death of cancer in 1995.

Note: in 2008, for the AFL Hall of Fame Tribute Match, Brendan Fevola was awarded the Allen Aylett Medal as the best player for Victoria.

AFL Hall of Fame Tribute Match
The AFL Hall of Fame Tribute Match was a one-off all-star game between two representative sides organised by the Australian Football League to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Australian rules football. The match was intended to celebrate the contribution of State of Origin and interstate matches to the history of the code.

The match was played on 10 May 2008 at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne, Australia, between Victoria (the "Big V") and the "Dream Team", with a crowd of 69,294 in attendance.Victoria won the match by 17 points: 21.11 (137) to 18.12 (120).
36th New York State Legislature
The 36th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from November 3, 1812, to April 13, 1813, during the sixth year of Daniel D. Tompkins's governorship, in Albany.

Chenango County, New York
Chenango County is a county located in the south-central section of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 47,220. Its county seat is Norwich. The county's name originates from an Oneida word meaning 'large bull-thistle'. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.
Corazón (TV channel)
Corazón (formerly Azteca Novelas and Az Corazón) is a Mexican pay television channel owned by TV Azteca Internacional TV de Paga (TV Azteca), was founded as Azteca Novelas in 2008, as a channel that would retransmit telenovelas previously broadcast on Azteca Uno.

Azteca Uno
Azteca Uno (formerly Azteca Trece) is a Mexican national broadcast television network owned by TV Azteca, with more than 100 transmitters across the country. Azteca Uno broadcasts on virtual channel 1. Azteca Uno programming is available in Mexico on satellite via Sky and Dish Network, as well as all Mexican cable systems, and some Azteca Uno programming were seen in the United States on Azteca América.
1985–86 Football League Cup
The 1985–86 Football League Cup (known as the Milk Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 26th season of the Football League Cup, a knockout competition for England's top 92 football clubs.

The competition began on 20 August 1985, and ended with the final on 20 April 1986 at the Old Wembley Stadium. The cup was won by Oxford United, who beat Queens Park Rangers 3–0 in the final, to win their first major cup silverware. It was Oxford United's first season in Division One. Goals from Trevor Hebberd, Ray Houghton and Jeremy Charles sealed the victory. TV coverage of this competition only began after Christmas following the "blackout" where no club matches were shown for the first half of the season, and there was no UEFA Cup place for the winners as a result of the ban on English clubs that followed the Heysel Stadium disaster.

1986 Football League Cup final
The 1986 Football League Cup final (known for sponsorship reasons as the Milk Cup) was a football match held on 20 April 1986 between Oxford United and Queens Park Rangers. Oxford won the match 3–0 to capture the League Cup – their first and only major honour. Trevor Hebberd opened the scoring in the first half, and Ray Houghton added a second. Jeremy Charles scored the third following up when John Aldridge had a shot saved by QPR goalkeeper Paul Barron. The match was played at Wembley Stadium in front of 90,396 spectators.

Because UEFA voted that the ban on English clubs in European competitions (beginning after the Heysel disaster in May 1985) would continue for a second season, Oxford United were denied a place in the 1986–87 UEFA Cup.
Uncinia
Uncinia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cyperaceae, known as hook-sedges in Australia and as hook grasses or bastard grasses in New Zealand. The genus is characterised by the presence of a long hook formed by an extension of the rachilla, which is used to attach the fruit to passing animals (epizoochory), especially birds, and it is this feature which gives the genus its name, from the Latin uncinus, meaning a hook or barb.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
Samsung Galaxy Z Flip 7
The Samsung Galaxy Z Flip 7 (stylized as Samsung Galaxy Z Flip7) is a foldable smartphone developed and marketed by Samsung Electronics. It was officially announced on July 9, 2025, at the Samsung's Galaxy Unpacked event held in Brooklyn, New York City, United States, alongside the Galaxy Z Fold 7 and the Galaxy Watch 8 series.

Samsung also introduced a derivative model, the Galaxy Z Flip 7 FE (stylized as Galaxy Z Flip7 FE), which features a slimmer and lighter design and is equipped with a 50 MP main camera, and it is based on the full predecessor.

Galaxy Unpacked
Galaxy Unpacked is an annual event held by Samsung Electronics where it showcases new mobile devices for consumers, including smartphones, tablets, and wearables. It was first held as Samsung Mobile Unpacked in June 2009 at the CommunicAsia event at the Singapore Expo in Singapore. For successive releases, the event has frequently been held in Barcelona, New York City, and San Francisco and, as of 2015, has been branded under the Galaxy Unpacked moniker.

The event includes keynote presentations for product launches, delivered by company management figures. Attendees can visit exhibits and have hands-on experiences of the products in demonstration zones. Live broadcasts of Galaxy Unpacked feature a piece of pre-roll music from the Samsung Galaxy franchise, often a customized version of "Over the Horizon", and a repeated animation. Only Samsung executives, members of the press, social media influencers, and select Samsung Care Ambassadors or Samsung Members Stars are invited to attend.
Lee Ming-kwai
Dick Lee Ming-kwai (Chinese: 李明逵; pinyin: Lǐ Míngkuí; Jyutping: Lei5 Ming4kwai4; born 13 October 1950) is a retired Hong Kong law enforcement administrator who formerly served as the Commissioner of Police of Hong Kong from 2003 to 2007.

Chinese University of Hong Kong
The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) is a public university in Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong.

Established in 1963 as a federation of three colleges – Chung Chi College, New Asia College, and United College, it is Hong Kong's second-oldest university, with the first being the University of Hong Kong. Predecessors of the university included St. John's University, Lingnan University and Yenching University, alongside 10 other Christian universities in China.

The university is organised into nine constituent colleges and eight academic faculties, and remains the only collegiate university in Hong Kong. The university operates in both English and Chinese.

Four Nobel laureates are associated with the university, and it is the only tertiary institution in Hong Kong with recipients of the Nobel Prize, Turing Award, Fields Medal, and Veblen Prize sitting as faculty in residence.