hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Bliss (Massachusetts politician)
George Bliss (November 16, 1793 – April 19, 1873) was an American lawyer, politician and railroad executive. He served as Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives and President of the Massachusetts Senate.

President of the Massachusetts Senate
The president of the Massachusetts Senate is the presiding officer.  Unlike the United States Congress, in which the vice president of the United States is the ex officio president of the United States Senate, in Massachusetts, the president of the Senate is elected from and by the senators. The president, therefore, typically comes from the majority party, and the president is then the de facto leader of that party.

The current president of the Massachusetts Senate, since July 26, 2018, is Karen Spilka, a Democrat from Ashland. Democrats have had a majority in the Senate since 1959. Notable former presidents of the Massachusetts Senate include U.S. president Calvin Coolidge.
Kuwait women's national under-18 basketball team
The Kuwait women's national under-18 basketball team is a national basketball team of Kuwait, administered by the Kuwait Basketball Association. It represents the country in international under-18 women's basketball competitions.

Kuwait Basketball Association
The Kuwait Basketball Association (Arabic: الاتحاد الكويتي لكرة السلة) is the governing body of basketball in Kuwait.

The association founded in 1957 (joined FIBA in 1959), represents basketball with public authorities as well as with national and international sports organizations and as such with Kuwait in international competitions. It is affiliated with FIBA and FIBA Asia. The association also organizes the Kuwait national basketball team and the Kuwait women's national basketball team.
Meyazia 27 Square
Meyazia 27 Square (Amharic: ሜያአዚያ 27 አደባባይ; or 5 May Square), commonly called Arat Kilo, is an important and historic intersection and surrounding neighborhood in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, located where Adwa St, King George VI St, Queen Elizabeth II St, and Development Through Cooperation Ave come together. Its name denotes 27 Miyazya (5 May), both the day when Addis Ababa fell to Italy in 1936 and was liberated in 1941. The park is under the aegis of the Addis Ababa Land Development and Urban Renewal Agency.

Many buildings of the Ethiopian government and Addis Ababa University are near the square. The eastern side of the square is dominated by the Ministry of Education, the western side has Addis Ababa University Department of Computer Science and the Archaeology Museum. Among the heterogeneous assortment adjacent buildings are the Holy Trinity Cathedral, Parliament building, and Imperial Palace Building.

Ministry of Education (Ethiopia)
The Ministry of Education (Amharic: ትምህርት ሚኒሰቴር) is an Ethiopian government department responsible for the governance and policies of education. It is headquartered in Arada Sub-City, Addis Ababa. It is responsible for overseeing the teaching and learning process throughout the country from elementary school education to higher secondary school education. It regulates the general curriculum of public schools and also sets the precedent for private schools. The department  also has, in accord with Ethiopian law, the authority to regulate all institutions of learning to a certain limited extent.
Ben Rose (photographer)
Ben Rose (1916 – 1980) was an American photographer.

Ben Rose started as a photographer when he was a young man. He was graduated from the Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art in 1938 and where he taught Photography and Advertising Photography from 1945–1950.  His first show at the A-D Galley was in 1941 with Arnold Newman with whom he had grown up in Atlantic City. He has been noted for his contribution of high technology and electronics to photography  by designer Louis Dorfman.

He, together with Irving Penn, was part of the "Philadelphia Group" that had studied with Alexey Brodovitch in the 1930s.

Arnold Newman
Arnold Abner Newman (March 3, 1918 – June 6, 2006) was an American photographer, noted for his "environmental portraits" of artists and politicians. He was also known for his carefully composed abstract still life images. In 2006, he was inducted into the International Photography Hall of Fame and Museum.
Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen
Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen was a state of the Holy Roman Empire seated in Gelnhausen in the south of modern Hesse, Germany.

Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen was partitioned from Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler in 1654. It was a mediate state with few rights. In 1799 the Counts Palatine were granted the title "Duke in Bavaria" by their distant relations, the Duke of Bavaria, which, in 1806, became the first King of Bavaria.

These two lines are the only branches of the House of Wittelsbach which did not eventually become extinct.

50°12′28″N 9°11′28″E﻿ / ﻿50.2079°N 9.1911°E﻿ / 50.2079; 9.1911

House of Wittelsbach
The House of Wittelsbach (German: Haus Wittelsbach) is a former Bavarian dynasty, with branches that have ruled over territories including the Electorate of Bavaria, the Electoral Palatinate, the Electorate of Cologne, Holland, Zeeland, Sweden (with Swedish-ruled Finland), Denmark, Norway, Hungary, Bohemia, and Greece. Their ancestral lands of Bavaria and the Palatinate were prince-electorates, and the family had three of its members elected emperors and kings of the Holy Roman Empire. They ruled over the Kingdom of Bavaria which was created in 1805 and continued to exist until 1918.

The House of Windsor, the reigning royal house of the British monarchy, are descendants of Sophia of Hanover (1630–1714), a Wittelsbach Princess of the Palatinate by birth and Electress of Hanover by marriage, who had inherited the succession rights of the House of Stuart and passed them on to the House of Hanover.
Canadice Lake
Canadice Lake /ˈkænədaɪs/ is a Finger Lake in Ontario County in western New York state. It is both the smallest of the four Finger Lakes in the county, and smallest in all.  The lake is located approximately 30 miles (48 km) south of Rochester. The name is derived from the Iroquois word ska-ne-a-dice, meaning long lake. The lake is part of the Genesee River watershed.

Ontario County, New York
Ontario County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 112,458. The county seat is Canandaigua. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Ontario County is part of the Rochester, New York metropolitan area.

In 2006, Progressive Farmer rated Ontario County as the "Best Place to Live" in the U.S., for its "great schools, low crime, excellent health care" and its proximity to Rochester.
Zvenigorodka uezd
The Zvenigorodka uezd (Russian: Звенигородский уезд, romanized: Zvengorodskiy uyezd; Ukrainian: Звенигородський повіт, romanized: Zvenyhorods'kyi povit) was one of the subdivisions of the Kiev Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Zvenigorodka (Zvenyhorodka).

Zvenyhorodka
Zvenyhorodka (Ukrainian: Звенигородка, IPA: [zwenɪɦoˈrɔdkɐ] ⓘ) is a city in Cherkasy Oblast, central Ukraine, situated on the Hnylyi Tikych River. The town is the administrative center of Zvenyhorodka Raion. It hosts the administration of Zvenyhorodka urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The city has a population of 16,269 (2022 estimate).
Endre Tot
Endre Tot (Endre Tót) born in Sümeg, Hungary, 1937 is a Hungarian artist who lives and works in Berlin, Germany.

Tot participated in the Fluxus movement and is well known for his Mail art projects, the use of xerox copies and usage of rubber stamps with clear conceptual text declarations. In some of them Tot declares: "We are glad if we are happy". In 1999 he shows "Who's Afraid of Nothing? Absent images" at Museum Ludwig, Cologne, a continuation of a project called "Nothing is not nothing".

Mail art
Mail art, also known as postal art and correspondence art, is an artistic movement centered on sending small-scale works through the postal service. It developed out of what eventually became Ray Johnson's New York Correspondence School and the Fluxus movements of the 1960s. It has since developed into a global, ongoing movement.
Hanna Lundkvist
Hanna Ester Lundkvist  (born 17 July 2002) is a Swedish professional footballer who plays as a right-back for English Women's Super League club Manchester United and the Sweden national team. She has previously played for AIK, Hammarby, in Spain for Atlético Madrid, and in the United States for San Diego Wave FC.

Svenska Cupen (women)
Svenska Cupen (lit. 'Swedish Cup'), also known as the Swedish Women's Cup in English, is the main Swedish women's association football knock-out tournament. A separate Svenska Cupen exists for men.

Hammarby IF are the reigning champions, having defeated IFK Norrköping in the 2025 final. Öxabäck IF and FC Rosengård are the most successful teams, with six titles each.
Liv (band)
Liv, stylized as liv, is a Swedish/American supergroup consisting of musicians Lykke Li, Andrew Wyatt and Pontus Winnberg of Miike Snow, Björn Yttling of Peter Bjorn and John, and Jeff Bhasker, formed in 2016. Liv is the Swedish word for "life". Lykke Li has described the band as "the love child of ABBA and Fleetwood Mac." All band members are part of the Swedish artist collective Ingrid, which they spearheaded in 2012.

Liv made their first appearance in April 2016 at a private party in Los Angeles. Their second appearance was at the Spotify Symposium conference in Stockholm, Sweden, on 10 June 2016.

The band's debut single, "Wings of Love", was released on 30 September 2016. A music video for the song was uploaded to YouTube on 12 October 2016. The band released a second song, "Dream Awake", on 11 November 2016. On 9 June 2017, they released a third single, "Heaven". On 22 September 2017, they issued the single "Hurts to Liv".

Miike Snow
Miike Snow is an indie pop trio formed in Stockholm in 2007, consisting of Swedish production and songwriting duo Bloodshy & Avant (Christian Karlsson and Pontus Winnberg) and American singer Andrew Wyatt. A silhouette of a jackalope is often used as the band's logo. They have released three studio albums: Miike Snow (2009), Happy to You (2012), and iii (2016).
Antimonide bromide
Antimonide bromides or bromide antimonides are compounds containing anions composed of bromide (Br−) and antimonide (Sb3−). They can be considered as mixed anion compounds. They are in the category of pnictidehalides. Related compounds include the antimonide chlorides, antimonide iodides, arsenide chlorides, arsenide bromides, arsenide iodides, phosphide chlorides, phosphide bromides, and phosphide iodides. The bromoantimonates have antimony in positive oxidation states.

The antimony can be linked into chains, in which case it has a formal oxidation state of −1. Alternately it can be in pairs as Sb2, with an oxidation state of −2 for each atom.

Many of these compounds are clathrates, whereby there are two interpenetrating structures that are only weakly bound to each other by van der Waals force.

Arsenide iodide
Arsenide iodides or iodide arsenides are compounds containing anions composed of iodide (I−) and arsenide (As3−). They can be considered as mixed anion compounds. They are in the category of pnictidehalides. Related compounds include the arsenide chlorides, arsenide bromides, phosphide iodides, and antimonide iodides.
Roman Vodyanov
Roman Mikhailovich Vodyanov (Russian: Роман Михайлович Водянов; born 25 November 1982, Kudymkar) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 8th State Duma.

In 2008, Vodyanov founded and headed the Uralbur company. From 2013 to 2014, he was the deputy of the Dvurechenskoye rural settlement. In 2014-2016, he was the deputy of the Zemsky Assembly of the Perm Municipal District. From 2016 to 2021, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Perm Krai. In 2020, he was appointed Advisor to the Acting Governor of Perm Krai Dmitry Makhonin. Since September 2021, he has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma.

Dmitry Makhonin
Dmitry Nikolayevich Makhonin (Russian: Дмитрий Николаевич Махонин; born 18 October 1982) is a Russian statesman and politician who is currently serving as the governor of Perm Krai since 7 October 2020.

He was in charge of the Federal Antimonopoly Service for Perm Krai from 2009 to 2013, and the fuel and energy complex and the chemical industry regulation department of the Federal Antimonopoly Service from 2013 until 2020. He was appointed to the rank of the State Advisor of the Russian Federation, 1st class in 2016. He was a member of the Yabloko political party.
De Horsey Passage
De Horsey Passage is a short strait in the North Coast of British Columbia, Canada, separating De Horsey Island to the east from Smith Island to the west.  The passage, like the island, was named for Rear Admiral Algernon Frederick Rous de Horsey, commander in chief on this station from 1876 to 1879.  His flagship was HMS Shah, 26 guns, under Captain Bedford.

Kshaoom Indian Reserve No. 23 is on its northwestern end on De Horsey Island. Opposite is Dashken Indian Reserve No. 22, on the eastern trip of Smith Island.

Dashken Indian Reserve No. 22
Dashken Indian Reserve No. 22, officially Dashken 22, is an Indian reserve in the North Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, located on the east tip of Smith Island, which is immediately south of the Tsimpsean Peninsula and the City of Prince Rupert.

Dashken IR No. 22, which is 3.0 ha in area, is shared by the Lax Kw'alaams and Metlakatla governments.
The Windup Girl
The Windup Girl is a biopunk science fiction novel by American writer Paolo Bacigalupi. It was his debut novel and was published by Night Shade Books on September 1, 2009. The novel is set in a future Thailand and covers a number of contemporary issues such as global warming and biotechnology.

The Windup Girl was named as the ninth best fiction book of 2009 by Time magazine. It won the 2010 Nebula Award and the 2010 Hugo Award (tied with The City & the City by China Miéville), both for best novel. The book also won the 2010 Campbell Memorial Award, the 2010 Compton Crook Award and the 2010 Locus Award for best first novel.

Locus Award
The Locus Awards are an annual set of literary awards voted on by readers of the science fiction and fantasy magazine Locus, a monthly magazine based in Oakland, California. The awards are presented at an annual banquet.

Originally a poll of Locus subscribers only, voting is now open to anyone, but the votes of subscribers count twice as much as the votes of non-subscribers. The award was inaugurated in 1971, and was originally intended to provide suggestions and recommendations for the Hugo Awards. They have come to be considered a prestigious prize in science fiction, fantasy and horror literature. The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction regards the Locus Awards as sharing the stature of the Hugo and Nebula Awards.

Gardner Dozois holds the record for the most wins (43), while Neil Gaiman has won the most awards for works of fiction (18). Robert Silverberg has received the  highest number of nominations (158).
1975–76 Swiss League Cup
The 1975–76 Swiss League Cup was the fourth edidition of the Swiss League Cup competition. The first round was played in summer 1975 as a pre-season warm-up to the 1975–76 Swiss football season, the later rounds were played during the season.

Swiss League Cup
The Swiss League Cup was a football tournament which took place as a summer pre-season tournament in 1972 and 1973, and during the Swiss football season from 1974–75 to 1981–82. The tournament was a knockout competition contested by clubs from the top two levels of Swiss football, the Nationalliga A and Nationalliga B.
2016 World Rowing U23 Championships
The 12th World Rowing U23 Championships was held from 21 to 26 August 2016 at the Willem-Alexander Baan in Rotterdam, Netherlands in conjunction with the World Junior Rowing Championships and the World Rowing Championships. The annual rowing regatta is organized by FISA (the International Rowing Federation), and held at the end of the northern hemisphere summer.

World Rowing U23 Championships
World Rowing U23 Championships  is an international rowing regatta organized by the World Rowing Federation. Rowers can compete in U23 events until December 31 of the year in which they turn 22. The World Rowing U23 Championship is just under a week long and consists of a progression system to advance from heats to finals. The regatta has 22 boat classes, which includes the 8 lightweight boat classes.
1914 in poetry
They went with songs to the battle, they were young.
Straight of limb, true of eyes, steady and aglow.
They were staunch to the end against odds uncounted,
They fell with their faces to the foe.
They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old:
Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.
At the going down of the sun and in the morning,
We will remember them.

— "Ode of Remembrance", an ode taken from Laurence Binyon's "For the Fallen", first published in The Times of London in September of this year.

This article covers 1914 in poetry. Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

Australian literature
Australian literature is the written or literary work produced in the area or by the people of the Commonwealth of Australia and its preceding colonies. During its early Western history, Australia was a collection of British colonies; as such, its recognised literary tradition begins with and is linked to the broader tradition of English literature. However, the narrative art of Australian writers has, since 1788, introduced the character of a new continent into literature—exploring such themes as Aboriginality, mateship, egalitarianism, democracy, national identity, migration, Australia's unique location and geography, the complexities of urban living, and "the beauty and the terror" of life in the Australian bush.
Weld access hole
The weld access hole or rat hole is a structural engineering technique in which a part of the web of an I-beam or T-beam is cut out at the end or ends of the beam.  The hole in the web allows a welder to weld the flange to another part of the structure with a continuous weld the full width on both top and bottom sides of the flange.  Without the weld access hole, the middle of the flange would be blocked by the web and inaccessible for welding.

The hole also minimizes the induction of thermal stresses with a combination of partially releasing the welded section, avoiding welding the T section where the flange joins the web and improving cooling conditions.

The configuration adopted for web access holes affects how the beam joint will bend when under stress.

T-beam
A T-beam (or tee beam), used in construction,  is a load-bearing structure of reinforced concrete, wood or metal, with a capital 'T'-shaped cross section.  The top of the T-shaped cross section serves as a flange or compression member in resisting compressive stresses. The web (vertical section) of the beam below the compression flange serves to resist shear stress. When used for highway bridges the beam incorporates reinforcing bars in the bottom of the beam to resist the tensile stresses which occur during bending.

The T-beam has a big disadvantage compared to an I-beam (with 'Ɪ' shape) because it has no bottom flange with which to deal with tensile forces, applicable for steel section. One way to make a T-beam more efficient structurally is to use an inverted T-beam with a floor slab or bridge deck joining the tops of the beams. Done properly, the slab acts as the compression flange.
Hata no Kawakatsu
Hata no Kawakatsu (秦河勝, alternatively read as Hada no Kōkatsu), or Hata no Miyatsuko no Kawakatsu (秦造河勝), was a semi-legendary statesman active during the Asuka period in Japan. He is recorded as serving under Empress Suiko and Empress Kōgyoku in the Nihon Shoki, and appears as a noteworthy figure in narratives surrounding Prince Shōtoku.

Later legends present Kawakatsu as the reincarnation of Emperor Qin Shi Huang, in addition to being the ancestor of the Hata clan and the founder of sarugaku. He is also credited with the construction of Kōryū-ji in Kyoto, and is enshrined as the deity Ōsake Daimyōjin (大避大明神) at the Ōsake Shrine in Akō.

Yuzuki no Kimi
Yuzuki no Kimi (弓月君) also known as Yuzuki no Ō (弓月王) or simply as Yuzuki (弓月), was the legendary founder of the Hata clan, an immigrant clan in ancient Japan who hailed from the kingdom of Paekche according to the Nihon Shoki and the Shinsen Shōjiroku.

He is considered one of the three most influential Toraijins alongside Achi no Omi and Wani during the Kofun period.
Michael Beecher (actor)
Michael Beecher  (20 November 1939 – 4 March 1993) was an Australian-based model and actor. He was the son of Rear Admiral Otto Humphrey Becher and Valerie Chisholme Baird.

Beecher had originally wanted to train and work as a diplomat.

His highest-profile role was as debonair hospital superintendent Dr. Brian Denham in Australian soap opera The Young Doctors, a role he played from the programme's inception in 1976 until leaving  the series (shortly before its demise) in 1982. Prior to The Young Doctors he had worked as a photographic model.

The Young Doctors
The Young Doctors is an Australian early-evening soap opera originally broadcast on the Nine Network and produced by the Reg Grundy Organisation, it aired from Monday 8 November 1976 until Wednesday 30 March 1983. The series is primarily set in the fictional Albert Memorial Hospital, as well as the restaurant/nightclub Bunny's Place, and is fundamentally concerned with the romances and relations between younger members of the hospital staff, rather than typical medical issues and procedures.

The program was shown and exported internationally including throughout North America and Canada and Europe including the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, France and Spain.
Exhyalanthrax
Exhyalanthrax is a small genus of bombyliid flies. Bombyliids are commonly known as bee flies due to their resemblance to bees. Exhyalanthrax are found in the Afrotropical realm and the Palearctic realm. Exhyalanthrax spp. are pupal parasitoids. Exhyalanthrax afer has been reared from pupae of tachinid and ichneumonid  parasitoids  of Thaumetopoea pityocampa and from the pupae of this species  and other Lepidoptera. It has also been bred from cocoons of Neodiprion sertifer. Several African species have been reared from the puparia of tsetse flies and from puparia of other Diptera. An Exhyalanthrax sp. has also been found  preying on  cockroach, (Heterogamisca chopardi Uvarov) oothecae in Saudi Arabia. It has been suggested that Exhyalanthrax might be utilised as
biological control agents especially in the battle against tsetse flies.

Bombyliidae
The Bombyliidae are a family of flies, commonly known as bee flies. Some are colloquially known as bomber flies. Adults generally feed on nectar and pollen, some being important pollinators. Larvae are mostly parasitoids of other insects.
International Patient Safety Goals
The International Patient Safety Goals (IPSG) were developed in 2006 by the Joint Commission International (JCI). The goals were adapted from the JCAHO's National Patient Safety Goals.

Compliance with IPSG has been monitored in JCI-accredited hospitals since January 2006. The JCI recommends targeted solution tools to help hospital to meet IPSG standards.

National Patient Safety Goals
The National Patient Safety Goals is a quality and patient safety improvement program established by the Joint Commission in 2003. The NPSGs were established to help accredited organizations address specific areas of concern in regards to patient safety.