hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 1428
NGC 1428 is a peculiar galaxy of an uncertain morphology; either an elliptical or lenticular galaxy located approximately 65 million light-years away from Earth.

It was discovered by astronomer Julius Schmidt on January 19, 1865. It is a member of the Fornax Cluster.

40 known globular clusters have been observed surrounding NGC 1428 along with 23 observed planetary nebulae.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Tohoku proportional representation block
The Tōhoku proportional representation block (比例[代表]東北ブロック, Hirei [daihyō] Tōhoku burokku) is one of eleven proportional representation (PR) blocks for the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It consists of the Tōhoku region, namely the prefectures of Aomori, Iwate, Miyagi, Akita, Yamagata and Fukushima. Upon the introduction of proportional voting at the 1996 general election, the block elected 16 Representatives to the House. The block's representation was reduced to 14 Representatives at the 2000 general election, and to 13 in the 2017 election.

Akita Prefecture
Akita Prefecture (秋田県, Akita-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [aꜜ.kʲi̥.ta, a.kʲi̥.taꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Its population is estimated 915,691 as of 1 August 2023 and its geographic area is 11,637 km2 (4,493 sq mi). Akita Prefecture is bordered by Aomori Prefecture to the north, Iwate Prefecture to the east, Miyagi Prefecture to the southeast, and Yamagata Prefecture to the south.

Akita is the capital and largest city of Akita Prefecture.  Other major cities include Yokote, Daisen, and Yurihonjō. Akita Prefecture is located on the coast of the Sea of Japan and extends east to the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, at the border with Iwate Prefecture. Akita Prefecture formed the northern half of the historic Dewa Province with Yamagata Prefecture.
Statue of Johnny Cash
A statue of singer-songwriter Johnny Cash is installed in the U.S. Capitol, in Washington, D.C., as part of the National Statuary Hall Collection. The sculpture was gifted by the U.S state of Arkansas replacing the statue of James P. Clarke. The statue depicts Cash with a guitar swung across his back, with him carrying a Bible in his right hand.

Statue of James Paul Clarke
James Paul Clarke is a marble sculpture depicting the American politician of the same name by Pompeo Coppini, installed in the United States Capitol's National Statuary Hall Collection, in Washington, D.C., as one of two statues gifted by the U.S. state of Arkansas.  The 6-foot-10-inch-tall (2.08 m) statue  was placed in the hall in 1921. The work cost $7,500. and was unveiled in Washington in 1921. In 2024, the statue was removed and replaced with a statue of Johnny Cash.
Maraetai Mission Station
Maraetai Mission Station was a Church Missionary Society founded mission based in Maraetai, Auckland, that operated between 1837 and 1842. It was founded and operated by William Fairburn, an English carpenter and lay preacher, until his resignation from the mission in December 1841. A school operated alongside the mission station, and was taught by Fairburn's wife Sarah and their daughter Elizabeth. At this school, Māori children, primarily Ngāi Tai and Ngāti Paoa, but also from other surrounding iwi, were taught reading, writing and arithmetic. The children were dressed in European clothing, and were taught the English alphabet by singing it to the tune of 'God Save the Queen'.

Ngāti Pāoa
Ngāti Pāoa is a Māori iwi (tribe) that has extensive links to the Hauraki and Waikato tribes of New Zealand. Its traditional lands stretch from the western side of the Hauraki Plains to Auckland. They also settled on Hauraki Gulf islands such as Waiheke.

Ngāti Pāoa is one of five tribes of the Marutūāhu confederation, the others being Ngāti Maru, Ngāti Rongoū, Ngāti Tamaterā and Ngāti Whanaunga. The Marutūāhu tribes are all descended from Marutūāhu, a son of Hotunui, who is said to have arrived in New Zealand on the Tainui canoe. The Marutūāhu tribes are therefore part of the Tainui group of tribes. The Marutūāhu confederation is also part of the Hauraki collective of tribes.
National Youth Science Forum
The National Youth Science Forum (NYSF) is a summer school programme dedicated to Year 11 students who are heading into Year 12 and trying to pursue careers in science, engineering and related disciplines. They are also given training in public speaking. Until 1995, it was known as the National Science Summer School (NSSS).

The Forum is a residential program that takes place in January in Canberra and Brisbane. Activities are supervised by student staff and resident Rotary International counselors. The program is advertised to have little time for outside activities, except for meeting people in the program.

Some students from New Zealand, South Africa, and the United Kingdom are involved.

University of Canberra
The University of Canberra (UC) is a public research university with its main campus located in Bruce, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. The campus is 2.5 km (1.6 mi) from Belconnen Town Centre, and 8.7 km (5.4 mi) from Canberra's Civic Centre. UC offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses through five faculties: Arts and Design; Business, Government and Law; Education; Health; and Science and Technology.
Cathedral Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi (Santa Fe)
The Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi (Spanish: Catedral basílica de San Francisco de Asís), commonly known as Saint Francis Cathedral, is a Catholic cathedral in downtown Santa Fe, New Mexico. It is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe.

Pueblo Revolt
The Pueblo Revolt of 1680, also known as Popé's Rebellion or Po'pay's Rebellion, was an uprising of most of the Indigenous Pueblo people against the Spanish colonists in the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México, larger than present-day New Mexico. Persistent Spanish policies, coupled with incidents of brutality and cruelty such as those that occurred in 1599 and resulted in the Ácoma Massacre, stoked animosity and gave rise to the eventual Revolt of 1680. The persecution and mistreatment of Pueblo people who adhered to traditional religious practices was the most despised of these. Scholars consider it the first Native American religious traditionalist revitalization movement. The Spaniards were resolved to abolish pagan forms of worship and replace them with Christianity. The Pueblo Revolt killed 400 Spaniards and drove the remaining 2,000 settlers out of the province. The Spaniards returned to New Mexico twelve years later.
Ganjam district
Ganjam district is a district in the Indian state of Odisha. Ganjam's total area is 8,206 km² (3,168 mi²).
The district headquarters is Chhatrapur. Ganjam is divided into three sub-divisions: Chhatrapur, Berhampur, and Bhanjanagar.
As of 2011, It is the most populous district of Odisha (out of 30).

Odisha Legislative Assembly
The Odisha Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of the state of Odisha in India. The seat of the Legislative Assembly is at Bhubaneswar, the capital city. The Legislative Assembly comprises 147 Members of Legislative Assembly. Out of total 147 Assembly Constituencies of Odisha Legislative Assembly, 33 seats are reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST) and 24 seats for the Scheduled Castes (SC).
Ethnic groups in Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone is home to around sixteen ethnic groups, each with its own language. In Sierra Leone, membership of an ethnic group often overlaps with a shared religious identity. According to the 2004 census Temne is the largest ethnic group in Sierra Leone.

Western Area
The Western Area or Freetown Peninsula (formerly the Colony of Sierra Leone) is one of five principal divisions of Sierra Leone. It comprises the oldest city and national capital Freetown and its surrounding towns and countryside. It covers an area of 1,310 square kilometres (510 sq mi) and has a population of 1,447,271. The Western Area is located mostly around the peninsula and is divided into two districts: the Western Area Rural and the Western Area Urban.
James W. Mason
James Worthington Mason (c. 1841 – November 1874) was a state senator, sheriff, and postmaster in Arkansas. In 1868 he was one of the first six African Americans to serve in the Arkansas House. He also served in the Arkansas Senate and was the first African American postmaster in the United States.

Postmaster
A postmaster is the head of an individual post office, responsible for all postal activities in a specific post office.  When a postmaster is responsible for an entire mail distribution organization (usually sponsored by a national government), the title of Postmaster General is commonly used. 
Responsibilities of a postmaster typically include management of a centralized mail distribution facility, establishment of letter carrier routes, supervision of letter carriers and clerks, and enforcement of the organization's rules and procedures. The postmaster is the representative of the Postmaster General in that post office.

In Canada, many early places are named after the first postmaster.
Gastromyzon ornaticauda
Gastromyzon ornaticauda, commonly referred to as the ornate Borneo sucker, blue-tailed Borneo loach or various combinations thereof, is a hillstream loach of the family Gastromyzontidae. Both its common names and species classification (ornaticauda for “decorated tail”) reference its uniquely striking tail coloration.

Cypriniformes
Cypriniformes /sɪˈprɪnɪfɔːrmiːz/ is an order of ray-finned fish which contains many sister families and genera of cypriniform fish split into several suborders, including the barbs, loaches, botias, carps, danionins, and minnows, amongst others. Cypriniformes is an "order-within-an-order", placed under the superorder Ostariophysi—which is also made up of cyprinid, ostariophysin fishes. The order contains 11–12 families (with some authorities having listed as many as 23), over 400 genera, and more than 4,250 named species; new species are regularly described, and new genera are recognized frequently. Cyprinids are most diverse in South and Southeast Asia and are entirely absent from Australia and South America. At 112 years old, the longest-lived cypriniform fish documented is the bigmouth buffalo.

Their closest living relatives are the Characiformes (characins, tetras and their kin), the Gymnotiformes (electric eel and American knifefishes), and the Siluriformes (catfishes).
Hawarden Airport
Hawarden Airport (IATA: CEG, ICAO: EGNR), also known as Hawarden Aerodrome, is an airport near Hawarden in Flintshire, Wales, near the border with England and 3.5 NM (6.5 km; 4.0 mi) west southwest of the city of Chester.

Aviation Park Group (APG) is based at the airport and provides handling and related services to private clients.  APG has a longterm tenancy agreement with Airbus UK, giving sole handling rights at the site. A large Airbus factory, which produces aircraft wings, is located at the airport. The factory is known as the Broughton factory, named after the nearest village.

De Havilland Hornet
The de Havilland DH.103 Hornet, developed by de Havilland, is a fighter aircraft driven by two piston engines. It further exploited the wooden construction techniques that had been pioneered by the de Havilland Mosquito. Development of the Hornet had started during the Second World War as a private venture. The aircraft was to conduct long range fighter operations in the Pacific Theatre against the Empire of Japan but the war ended before the Hornet reached operational squadron status.

The Hornet entered service with RAF Fighter Command where it equipped several day fighter units and was commonly stationed in the British mainland. It saw combat in the Far East, being used as a strike fighter as part of the British military action taken during the Malayan Emergency. A naval carrier-capable version, the Sea Hornet, had been envisaged early on and was procured by the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy.
House-Museum of Leopold and Mstislav Rostropovich
The House-Museum of Leopold and Mstislav Rostropovich (Azerbaijani: Leopold və Mstislav Rostropoviçlərin ev-muzeyi, Russian: Дом-музей Леопольда и Мстислава Ростроповичей) is a national memorial/museum in Baku, Azerbaijan.

Galina Vishnevskaya
Galina Pavlovna Vishnevskaya (Russian: Галина Павловна Вишневская, née Ivanova, Иванова; 25 October 1926 – 11 December 2012) was a Russian soprano opera singer and recitalist who was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1966. She was the wife of cellist Mstislav Rostropovich, and mother to their two daughters, Olga and Elena Rostropovich.
Phú Bình district
Phú Bình is a rural district of Thái Nguyên province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 139,753. The district covers an area of 249 km2. The district capital lies at Hương Sơn.

Thái Nguyên province
Thái Nguyên (Vietnamese pronunciation: [t̺ʰǎj ŋʷiə̄n]) is a province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. It is a mountainous, inland province. Its multi-ethnic society is composed of eight ethnic groups.

With its rich mineral resources and salubrious climate, the province offers significant opportunities for industrial development for both domestic and foreign investors. Thái Nguyên is also known as an educational centre and ranks 3rd nationwide, having 21 universities and colleges. The province is also the centre of tea industry in the country with an area of 16,000 ha. (second only to Lâm Đồng) with a production of 100,000 tonnes (98,000 long tons; 110,000 short tons) per year. Its dried tea production is 25,000 tonnes (25,000 long tons; 28,000 short tons) per year. The tea produced here is considered to have the finest quality throughout Vietnam.
Arch Bridge (Bristol, Maine)
The Arch Bridge is a historic stone arch bridge, carrying Benner Road over the Pemaquid River near the village of Bristol Mills in Bristol, Maine.  Probably built before 1800, it is one of the state's oldest stone bridges, and is remarkably well-preserved for its age.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Bristol, Maine
Bristol, known from 1632 to 1765 as Pemaquid (/ˈpɛməkwɪd/; today a village within the town), is a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,834 at the 2020 census. A fishing and resort area, Bristol includes the villages of New Harbor, Pemaquid, Round Pond, Bristol Mills and Chamberlain.  It includes the Pemaquid Archeological Site, a U.S. National Historic Landmark. During the 17th and early 18th century, New France defined the Kennebec River as the southern boundary of Acadia, which put Bristol within Acadia. The village was called Pemquit by the French.
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor
Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGF-R) are cell surface tyrosine kinase receptors for members of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family. PDGF subunits -A and -B are important factors regulating cell proliferation, cellular differentiation, cell growth, development and many diseases including cancer.  There are two forms of the PDGF-R, alpha and beta each encoded by a different gene.  Depending on which growth factor is bound, PDGF-R homo- or heterodimerizes.

Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a conditionally essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

The one-letter symbol Y was assigned to tyrosine for being alphabetically nearest of those letters available. Note that T was assigned to the structurally simpler threonine, U was avoided for its similarity with V for valine, W was assigned to tryptophan, while X was reserved for undetermined or atypical amino acids. The mnemonic tYrosine was also proposed.
Harvest Auto Racing Classic
The Harvest Auto Racing Classic was a series of three automobile races held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Saturday September 9, 1916. The meet, held four months after the 1916 Indianapolis 500, featured a 20-mile race, a 50-mile race, and a 100-mile race. The main event, a 100-mile Championship Car race, paid points towards the 1916 AAA National Championship. Johnny Aitken won all three races, two of which had a margin of victory of less than a car length.

The event was a unique footnote in the history of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. Between 1911 and 1993, the Harvest Auto Racing Classic was the only time an official race other than the Indianapolis 500 was contested at the track. It was also the last event held at the facility prior to the United States involvement in World War I. The track would shut down for two years (1917–1918) during the war, and reopened in 1919.

Riding mechanic
A riding mechanic was a mechanic that rode along with a race car during races, and who was tasked with maintaining, monitoring, and repairing the car during the race. The various duties included manually pumping oil and fuel, checking tire wear, observing gauges, and even massaging the driver's hands. They also communicated with the pits and spotted from inside the car. If the car ran out of fuel, or otherwise broke down, the riding mechanic was usually responsible for running back to the pits to fetch fuel or the necessary spare parts.

Riding mechanics were also referred to by the term mechanician. The position is largely associated with the early years of Championship car racing and the Indianapolis 500; however, they were also utilized in grand prix racing for a while.
Russian twist
The Russian Twist is a simple abdominal exercise for working the core, shoulders, and hips. It is typically performed in repetitive sets and tones the core muscles via a twisting motion focused around the abdomen. The exercise can help build strength in the upper torso, which may help in sports such as tennis, swimming, baseball and football, track & field, hockey, golf, lacrosse, or boxing. There are also many variations of the Russian twist that can be used to intensify a workout routine.

Abdominal exercise
Abdominal exercises are strength exercise affecting the abdominal muscles (colloquially known as the stomach muscles or "abs"). The human abdominal muscular set consists of four: the rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique, and transversus abdominis. During the execution of abdominal training, understanding the functions, effects, and variations in exercise, along with considering the suitability, and safety in relation to current physical condition is crucial, as overtraining can lead to severe injury.
Brochet, Manitoba
Brochet (English: /broʊˈʃeɪ/) is an unincorporated community located in Northern Manitoba on the northern shore of Reindeer Lake near the Saskatchewan border; it is designated as a northern community.

There is no year-round road service to the mostly Cree population. A winter road is in place only a few months a year. Air service at Brochet Airport is the main link outside the community. It takes roughly one hour to reach Brochet from Thompson, Manitoba, by air, and approximately 4 to 6 hours via winter road from Lynn Lake, depending on road conditions.

In Northern Manitoba, there are a few unincorporated communities aside from Brochet, such as Granville Lake and South Indian Lake. There are also several First Nations and Aboriginal communities, such as: Barren Lands First Nation, Northlands First Nation, Sayisi Dene, Split Lake Cree, Fox Lake, Shamattawa, and Mathias Colomb.

Shamattawa First Nation
The Shamattawa First Nation (Cree: ᑭᓭᒫᑖᐘ, kisêmâtâwa) (55°51′30″N 92°05′46″W﻿ / ﻿55.85833°N 92.09611°W﻿ / 55.85833; -92.09611) is a remote First Nations community in northern Manitoba, Canada, located in the reserve of Shamattawa 1.

Shamattawa 1 is located on the banks of the Gods River where the Echoing River joins as a right tributary. The population as of 2016 was 1,019, an increase of 2.1% over the 2011 figure of 998.

An isolated community, Shamattawa for part of the year is only connected to the rest of the province by winter and ice roads − temporary roads over frozen water. Winter roads also extend east of the community towards Fort Severn, and Peawanuck, Ontario. It can also be reached via Shamattawa Airport. It has only one grocery store.

A polar bear was sighted in Shamattawa in August 2010, 400 kilometres (249 mi) south of its typical range.
Alay District
Alay (Kyrgyz: Алай району, romanized: Alay rayonu) is a district of Osh Region in south-western Kyrgyzstan. The capital is Gülchö. The Alay District borders with China in the east, Tajikistan in the south, Chong-Alay District in the west, Nookat District in the north-west, Kara-Suu District and Özgön District in the north, and Kara-Kulja District in the north-east. Its area is 6,821 square kilometres (2,634 sq mi), and its resident population was 87,398 in 2021.

Kara-Kulja District
Kara-Kulja (Kyrgyz: Кара-Кулжа району, romanized: Kara-Kulja rayonu) is a district of Osh Region in south-western Kyrgyzstan. Its area is 5,813 square kilometres (2,244 sq mi), and its resident population was 100,320 in 2021. The administrative seat lies at Kara-Kulja.
Carrickmore
Carrickmore (from Irish an Charraig Mhór, meaning 'the big rock') is a small village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is situated in the historic barony of Omagh East, the civil parish of Termonmaguirk and the Roman Catholic Parish of Termonmaguirc between Cookstown, Dungannon and Omagh. It had a population of 625 as of the 2021 census.

Cookstown
Cookstown is a town in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is the fourth-largest town in the county and had a population of 12,546 in the 2021 census. It, along with Magherafelt and Dungannon, is one of the main towns in the Mid-Ulster council area. It was founded around 1620 when the townlands in the area were leased by an English ecclesiastical lawyer, Dr. Alan Cooke, from the Archbishop of Armagh, who had been granted the lands after the Flight of the Earls during the Plantation of Ulster. It was one of the main centres of the linen industry west of the River Bann, and until 1956 the flax-related processes of spinning, weaving, bleaching and beetling were carried out in the town.