hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Khirbet Tin Mahmoud
Khirbet al-Tin Mahmoud (Arabic: خربة تين محمود, also spelled Khirbet at-Teen Mahmud) is a village in western Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, east of Homs. Nearby localities include Khirbet al-Sawda to the northeast, al-Ghor al-Gharbiya to the north, Shin to the west and Khirbet Tin Nur to the south. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Khirbet al-Tin Mahmoud had a population of 866 in the 2004 census.

Ghawr Gharbiyah
Ghawr Gharbiyah (Arabic: غور غربية, also spelled Ghor Gharbiya or Ghouri) is a town in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, northwest of Homs. Nearby localities include Qazhal to the southeast, Akrad Dayasinah to the east, Burj Qa'i to the northeast, Taldou and Kafr Laha to the northwest and Sharqliyya and al-Qabu to the west. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ghawr Gharbiyah had a population of 4,016 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Shia Muslims.

In 1829, during Ottoman rule, the village consisted of 30 feddans and paid 3,080 qirsh in annual tax revenues. In 1838 Ghawr Gharbiyah was classified as a Sunni Muslim village.
1976 United States Senate election in Montana
The 1976 United States Senate election in Montana took place on November 2, 1976. Rather than seek a fifth term, incumbent United States Senator Mike Mansfield, a Democrat, opted to retire, creating an open seat. United States Congressman John Melcher, who had represented Montana's 2nd congressional district from 1969 to 1977, won the Democratic nomination and defeated Stanley C. Burger, the Republican nominee, by a wide margin in the general election. This was the first open seat election in Montana since 1960 and the first open seat election in Montana for the Class 1 Senate seat since 1922.

1922 United States Senate election in Montana
The 1922 United States Senate election in Montana took place on November 7, 1922. Incumbent United States senator Henry L. Myers, who was first elected to the Senate in 1910, and was re-elected in 1916, declined to seek re-election. Former United States Attorney Burton K. Wheeler won the Democratic primary and advanced to the general election, where he faced Carl W. Riddick, the United States Congressman from Montana's 2nd congressional district and the Republican nominee. Ultimately, Wheeler defeated Riddick comfortably and won his first term in the Senate.
Ludvík Svoboda
Ludvík Svoboda (Czech pronunciation: [ˈludviːk ˈsvoboda]; 25 November 1895 – 20 September 1979) was a Czech general and politician. He fought in both World Wars, for which he was regarded as a national hero, and he later served as the president of Czechoslovakia from 1968 to 1975.

Edvard Beneš
Edvard Beneš (Czech: [ˈɛdvard ˈbɛnɛʃ] ⓘ; 28 May 1884 – 3 September 1948) was a Czech politician and statesman who served as the president of Czechoslovakia from 1935 to 1938, and again from 1939 to 1948. During the first six years of his second stint, he led the Czechoslovak government-in-exile during World War II.

As president, Beneš faced two major crises, which both resulted in his resignation. His first resignation came after the Munich Agreement and subsequent German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1938, which resulted in his government's exile in the United Kingdom. The second came about with the 1948 Communist coup, which created a Communist regime in Czechoslovakia. Before his time as president, Beneš was also the first foreign affairs minister (1918–1935) and the fourth prime minister (1921–1922) of Czechoslovakia. The de facto leader of the Czech National Social Party, he was known as a skilled diplomat.
HMS Conqueror (1911)
HMS Conqueror was the third of four Orion-class dreadnought battleships built for the Royal Navy in the early 1910s. She spent the bulk of her career assigned to the Home and Grand Fleets. Aside from participating in the failed attempt to intercept the German ships that had bombarded Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby in late 1914, the Battle of Jutland in May 1916 and the inconclusive action of 19 August, her service during World War I generally consisted of routine patrols and training in the North Sea.

After the Grand Fleet was dissolved in early 1919, Conqueror was transferred back to the Home Fleet for a few months before she was assigned to the Reserve Fleet. The ship was sold for scrap in late 1922 and subsequently broken up.

John Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe
Admiral of the Fleet John Rushworth Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe, GCB, OM, GCVO, SGM, DL (5 December 1859 – 20 November 1935) was a Royal Navy officer. He fought in the Anglo-Egyptian War and the Boxer Rebellion and commanded the Grand Fleet at the Battle of Jutland in May 1916 during the First World War. His handling of the fleet at that battle was controversial. Jellicoe made no serious mistakes and the German High Seas Fleet retreated to port, at a time when defeat would have been catastrophic for Britain, but the public was disappointed that the Royal Navy had not won a more dramatic victory given that they outnumbered the enemy. Jellicoe later served as First Sea Lord, overseeing the expansion of the Naval Staff at the Admiralty and the introduction of convoys, but was relieved at the end of 1917. He also served as the governor-general of New Zealand in the early 1920s.
Snake H/ACA box small nucleolar RNA
In molecular biology, Snake H/ACA box small nucleolar RNA refers to a number of very closely related non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes identified in snakes which have been predicted to be small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). This type of ncRNA is involved in the biogenesis of other small nuclear RNAs and are often referred to as 'guide' RNAs. They are usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis.

These snoRNA genes were initially identified in the introns of the cardiotoxin 4 and cobrotoxin genes of the Taiwan cobra (Bungarus multicinctus) and the Taiwan banded krait (Bungarus multicinctus) during sequencing of these genes. These snoRNAs are predicted to act as H/ACA box type methylation guides as they have the predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure and extended regions of complementarity to 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA).

Many-banded krait
The many-banded krait (Bungarus multicinctus), also known as the Taiwanese krait or the Chinese krait, is an extremely venomous species of elapid snake found in much of central and southern China and Southeast Asia. The species was first described by the scientist Edward Blyth in 1861. Averaging 1 to 1.5 m (3.5 to 5 ft) in length, it is a black or bluish-black snake with many white bands across its body. The many-banded krait mostly inhabits marshy areas throughout its geographical distribution, though it does occur in other habitat types.
Gehyra australis
Gehyra australis, the  Australian house gecko, northern dtella or top-end dtella, is a species of gecko native to northern and eastern Australia. It is also widespread in Indonesia, alongside common house geckos and four-clawed geckos.

Gehyra australis is primarily an arboreal gecko inhabiting woodlands and coastal and riverine forests. It can also occur near human dwellings and gardens. It is oviparous.

Gehyra mutilata
Gehyra mutilata, also known commonly as the common four-clawed gecko, Pacific gecko, stump-toed gecko, sugar gecko in Indonesia, tender-skinned house gecko, and butiki in Filipino, is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is native to Southeast Asia. It has made its way to several areas of the world including Sri Lanka, Indochina, and many of the Pacific Islands. Compared to the common house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus), the appearance of G. mutilata is somewhat plump, with delicate skin. The skin is usually colored a soft purplish/pinkish gray, with golden spots on younger specimens; these spots eventually fade with age.
Andrew Woodhouse
Andrew Henry Woodhouse DSC (30 January 1923 – 15 December 2019) was a British Anglican priest. He was the Archdeacon of Ludlow from 1970 to 1982; and Archdeacon of Hereford from 1982 to 1991.

Woodhouse was educated at Lancing College and The Queen's College, Oxford. His time at Oxford was divided by wartime service with the RNVR. He was ordained in 1951 after of studying at Lincoln Theological College. After a curacy at All Saints' Poplar he was vicar of St Martin's West Drayton from 1956 to 1970, Rural Dean of Hillingdon from  1967 to 1970, rector of Wistanstow from 1970 to 1982 and a canon residentiary at Hereford Cathedral from 1982 to 1991.

Lancing College
Lancing College is a public school (English private boarding and day school) for pupils aged 13–18. The school is located in West Sussex, east of Worthing in the parish of Lancing, on the south coast of England. Lancing College was founded in 1848 by Nathaniel Woodard and educates c. 600 pupils between the ages of 13 and 18; the co-educational ratio is c. 60:40 boys to girls. Girls were admitted beginning in 1971. There are five male houses (Gibbs', School, Teme, Head's, Second's) and four female houses (Field's, Sankey's, Manor, Handford). The first mixed house, Saints' House, was established in September 2018, bringing the total number of Houses to 10.
Porshinev
Porshinev (Russian and Tajik: Поршинев), also called Porshnev, is a jamoat in eastern Tajikistan. It is located in Shughnon District in Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region. The jamoat has a total population of 8,723 (2015). Its main village is Vahdat.

In the pre-Soviet period Porshinev was written in Persian as Porshinev (پارشنیو) or Porshinef (پارشنیف).

Jamoats of Tajikistan
The jamoats of Tajikistan (Russian: джамоаты, romanized: dzhamoaty; Tajik: ҷамоати деҳот, romanized: jamoati dehot, "village communes") are the third-level administrative divisions, similar to communes or municipalities, in the Central Asian country of Tajikistan. As of January 2020, there are 368 rural jamoats, 65 towns and 18 cities in Tajikistan. Each jamoat is further subdivided into villages (or deha or qyshqol)

The jamoats and towns, and their population figures (as of January 2015) by district of each region are listed below:
Thalia (plant)
Thalia is a genus of flowering plants in the Marantaceae (prayer plant and arrowroot) family found mainly in aquatic, marshy and riparian zones in Eastern, Central and Western Africa—as far south as Zimbabwe—and the Americas, from Illinois in the north, through northern Argentina in the southern part of its range. These plants can (and prefer to) grow with their roots and rhizomes fully submerged and their foliage growing emersed from the water's surface. They thrive in floodplains, vernal pools and other seasonally-inundated areas, as well. Alligator-flag is a common name for plants in this genus. The generic name is in honor of Johannes Thal (1542–1583), a German doctor who wrote A Flora of the Harz Mountains.

Maranta (plant)
Maranta is a genus of flowering plants in the family Marantaceae, native to tropical Central and South America and the West Indies. Maranta was named for Bartolomeo Maranta, an Italian physician and botanist of the sixteenth century.

About 40-50 species are currently recognized. They all have rhizomes and naturally form perennial clumps. The crowded oval, evergreen leaves are undivided with sheathing stalks. The leaves are flat by day and folded up as the day comes to an end, hence the common name "prayer plant" which attaches to the genus and its species - notably M. leuconeura. The flowers are small with three petals and two larger petal-like staminodes.
Danni Ashe
Danni Ashe (and early in her career sometimes as Danielle Ashe; born January 16, 1968) is a retired American nude model, former erotic dancer and web developer who is the founder and former CEO of Danni's Hard Drive, a popular adult web site from the 90's. She started her adult Internet site in 1995. She has been an industry advocate and testified before a government panel.

Daily Mail and General Trust
Daily Mail and General Trust (DMGT) is a British multinational media conglomerate, the owner of the Daily Mail and several other titles. The 4th Viscount Rothermere is the chair and controlling shareholder of the company. The head office is located in Northcliffe House in Kensington, London. In January 2022, DMGT delisted from the London Stock Exchange following a successful offer for DMGT by Rothermere Continuation Limited (RCL).
Liberal Left Coalition
An electoral alliance of liberal left parties was formed ahead of the 1879 Spanish general election between Práxedes Mateo Sagasta's Constitutional Party (PC), the Democratic Progressive Party (PPD) of Emilio Castelar and Cristino Martos's Democratic Progressive Party (PPD). The alliance was officially launched on 2 April 1879, and would see the fielding of 120 PC candidates, 37 from the PD and 27 from the PPD. The alliance was an electoral failure as it only managed to secure 64 seats, and disbanded shortly thereafter.

Democratic Progressive Party (Spain)
The Democratic Progressive Party (Spanish: Partido Progresista Demócrata, PPD) was a Spanish political party created in 1879. It was joined by elements from the Republican Reformist Party, led by Cristino Martos, ahead of the 1879 Spanish general election.

In 1882 it dissolved and its members joined the Possibilist Democratic Party and the Dynastic Left.
Canon A35F
The Canon A35F is a 35mm rangefinder camera produced by Canon in 1978. It was one of the last manual-focus rangefinder cameras produced by Canon, based around the Canonet 28 body. It has program auto-exposure, controlled by a CdS meter between EV9 and 17 at ISO 100. It has a built-in automatic (but manually popped-up) flash with Guide No. 12 (in metres at ISO 100); there is no terminal to connect an external one. The flash system is called "CATS" (Canon Auto Tuning System) which meters the correct exposure according to the distance of the subject and charged voltage. The A35F - stands for "Automatic (exposure) Flash. and the newer model AF35 - stands for "AutoFocus".

It was superseded by the autofocus Sure Shot/AF35M/Autoboy in 1979.

Canonet
The Canonets were a series of rangefinder cameras made by Canon from the early 1960s to the early 1980s. They were aimed at enthusiasts on a budget and more discerning point-and-shoot photographers. The cameras are considered to have made Canon famous worldwide.
José Figueira
José Manuel Figueira (born 9 February 1982) is an English football coach, who is the current manager of Northern League club Auckland United. Figueira previously held notable roles as the head coach of Team Wellington, assistant coach of the New Zealand national team, and head coach of the New Zealand under-17 national team.

In his short managerial career, Figueira has won multiple domestic and international competitions, including the New Zealand Football Championship, OFC Champions League, OFC U-17 Championship and the National Youth League.

2015 OFC U-17 Championship
The 2015 OFC U-17 Championship was the 16th edition of the biennial international youth football tournament organized by the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) for players aged 17 and below. The tournament was held in American Samoa and Samoa from 13 to 26 January 2015.

New Zealand won the tournament and qualified as the OFC representative for the 2015 FIFA U-17 World Cup in Chile.
Tetraconch
A tetraconch, from the Greek for "four shells", is a building, usually a church or other religious building, with four apses, one in each direction, usually of equal size. The basic ground plan of the building is therefore a Greek cross. They are most common in Byzantine, and related schools such as Armenian and Georgian architecture. It has been argued that they were developed in these areas or Syria, and the issue is a matter of contention between the two nations in the Caucasus.  Apart from churches, the form is suitable for a mausoleum or baptistery. Normally, there will be a higher central dome over the central space.

Baptistery
In Christian architecture the baptistery or baptistry (Old French baptisterie; Latin baptisterium; Greek βαπτιστήριον, 'bathing-place, baptistery', from βαπτίζειν, baptízein, 'to baptize') is the separate centrally planned structure surrounding the baptismal font. The baptistery may be incorporated within the body of a church or cathedral, and provided with an altar as a chapel. In the early Church, the catechumens were instructed and the sacrament of baptism was administered in the baptistery.
Yasuo Mizui
Yasuo Mizui (水井 康雄, Mizui Yasuo; 30 May 1925 – 3 September 2008) was a Japanese stone sculptor who lived in France. He specialized in abstract art forms for public sculpture, often within architectural contexts, and participated in several sculpture symposia across Europe, the United States, Israel, and Japan.

Percent for art
The term percent for art refers to a program, often a city ordinance, where a fee, usually some percentage of the project cost, is placed on large scale development projects in order to fund and install public art.  The details of such programs vary from area to area. Percent for art programs are used to fund public art where private or specialized funding of public art is unavailable. Similar programs, such as "art in public places", attempt to achieve similar goals by requiring that public art be part of a project, yet they often allow developers to pay in-lieu fees to a public art fund as an alternative.
Simon problems
In mathematics, the Simon problems (or Simon's problems) are a series of fifteen questions posed in the year 2000 by Barry Simon, an American mathematical physicist. Inspired by other collections of mathematical problems and open conjectures, such as the famous list by David Hilbert, the Simon problems concern quantum operators. Eight of the problems pertain to anomalous spectral behavior of Schrödinger operators, and five concern operators that incorporate the Coulomb potential.

In 2014, Artur Avila won a Fields Medal for work including the solution of three Simon problems. Among these was the problem of proving that the set of energy levels of one particular abstract quantum system was, in fact, the Cantor set, a challenge known as the "Ten Martini Problem" after the reward that Mark Kac offered for solving it.

The 2000 list was a refinement of a similar set of problems that Simon had posed in 1984.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Compressible flow
Compressible flow (or gas dynamics) is the branch of fluid mechanics that deals with flows having significant changes in fluid density. While all flows are compressible, flows are usually treated as being incompressible when the Mach number (the ratio of the speed of the flow to the speed of sound) is smaller than 0.3 (since the density change due to velocity is about 5% in that case). The study of compressible flow is relevant to high-speed aircraft, jet engines, rocket motors, high-speed entry into a planetary atmosphere, gas pipelines, commercial applications such as abrasive blasting, and many other fields.

Supersonic wind tunnel
A supersonic wind tunnel is a wind tunnel that produces supersonic speeds (1.2<M<5)
The Mach number and flow are determined by the nozzle geometry. The Reynolds number is varied by changing the density level (pressure in the settling chamber). Therefore, a high pressure ratio is required (for a supersonic regime at M=4, this ratio is of the order of 10). Apart from that, condensation of moisture or even gas liquefaction can occur if the static temperature becomes cold enough. This means that a supersonic wind tunnel usually needs a drying or a pre-heating facility. A supersonic wind tunnel has a large power demand, so most are designed for intermittent instead of continuous operation.

The first supersonic wind tunnel (with a cross section of 2 cm) was built in National Physical Laboratory in England, and started working in 1922.
Robbins House (Concord, Massachusetts)
The Robbins House is a historic house museum at 320 Monument street in Concord, Massachusetts, which focuses on interpreting the early African American history of Concord and the Northeast.

The Robbins House was built in the early 1820s as a two-room, two-family farmhouse for two grown children of Revolutionary War veteran Caesar Robbins and their families. Originally located in an isolated field on the outskirts of town, it was the childhood home of Caesar Robbins' granddaughter Ellen Garrison Jackson Clark, one of the first people to legally test the 1866 Civil Rights Act.

In 2010, the house was saved from demolition. It was relocated to its present location and restored, and it opened as a museum in 2011.

Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
The Fugitive Slave Act or Fugitive Slave Law was a statute passed by the 31st United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern interests in slavery and Northern Free-Soilers.

The Act was one of the most controversial elements of the 1850 compromise and heightened Northern fears of a slave power conspiracy. It required that all escaped slaves, upon capture, be returned to the slave-owner and that officials and citizens of free states had to cooperate. The Act contributed to the growing polarization of the country over the issue of slavery. It was one of the factors that led to the founding of the Republican Party and the start of the American Civil War.
Pumacahua metro station
Pumacahua is a Lima and Callao Metro station on Line 1. The station is located between Parque Industrial and Villa María. It was inaugurated on 28 April 1990 as part of the first section of the line between Villa El Salvador and Atocongo. However, commercial service only started on 18 January 2003, was suspended in July 2003 due to the lack of funds, and resumed only on Saturdays and Sundays on 17 January 2004. The full revenue service started on 3 January 2012, with trains running to Miguel Grau.

Miguel Grau metro station
Miguel Grau is a Lima and Callao Metro station on Line 1. The station is located between Gamarra and El Ángel. It was opened on 11 July 2011 as part of the extension of the line from Atocongo to Miguel Grau. The full revenue service started on 3 January 2012. On 25 July 2014 the line was extended to Bayóvar.
Lviv strikes (2022–present)
Since the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Lviv and Lviv Oblast have been targeted by Russian attacks. The targets are civilian and military, including electricity, railway infrastructure, and an army base. At least 68 civilians have been killed.

Yavoriv Raion
Yavoriv Raion (Ukrainian: Яворівський район) is a raion (district) in Lviv Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is Yavoriv. It was established in 1939. Its estimated population is 177,662 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Lviv Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Yavoriv Raion was significantly expanded. One abolished raion, Mostyska Raion, was merged into Yavoriv Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 126,115 (2020 est.).