hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Andor Gomme
Austin Harvey Gomme known as Andor Gomme (7 May 1930 – 19 September 2008) was a British scholar of English literature and architectural history. He was a frequent reviewer for the Times Literary Supplement, an author of books on both literary criticism and architectural history, and Chairman of the Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain, whose journal, Architectural History, he edited for many years.

Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
Gonville and Caius College, commonly known as Caius (/kiːz/ KEEZ), is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. Founded in 1348 by Edmund Gonville, it is the fourth-oldest of the University of Cambridge's 31 colleges and one of the wealthiest. In 1557, it was refounded by John Caius, an alumnus and English physician.

The college has been attended by many students who have gone on to significant accomplishment, including fifteen Nobel Prize winners, the second-largest number of any Oxbridge college.

Several streets in the city, including Harvey Road, Glisson Road, and Gresham Road, are named after Gonville and Caius alumni. The college and its masters have been influential in the development of the university, including in the founding of other colleges, including Trinity Hall and Darwin College and providing land on Sidgwick Site on which the Faculty of Law was built.
First Congregational Church (Salt Lake City, Utah)
40°43′28″N 111°48′53″W﻿ / ﻿40.7244°N 111.8146°W﻿ / 40.7244; -111.8146
The First Congregational Church of Salt Lake City, Utah is a Congregational church affiliated with the National Association of Congregational Christian Churches. Established in 1865, it was the first church not a part of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in Utah. The congregation started Utah's first free public schools.

Eastern United States
The Eastern United States, often abbreviated as simply the East, is a macroregion of the United States located to the east of the Mississippi River. It variably includes between 17 and 26 states and Washington, D.C., the national capital.

As of 2011, the Eastern United States had an estimated population exceeding 179 million, representing the majority (over 58 percent) of the total U.S. population.

The three most populous cities in the Eastern United States are New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia.
Jesús de Santesteban
Jesús de Santesteban (5 November 1866 — ??) was a Basque pianist and composer, son of José Antonio Santesteban, grandson of José Juan Santesteban.

He studied at Conservatoire de Paris. In 1893 he became Officier d'Académie. Composed different salon pieces.

José Juan Santesteban
José Juan Santesteban (San Sebastián, 26 March 1809 – San Sebastián, 13 January 1884) was a Basque composer, father of José Antonio Santesteban. In 1844 — 1879 he was organist in Santa Maria, Donostia.
2011 Latvian Higher League
The 2011 Latvian Higher League (Latvian: Virslīga 2011) was the 20th season of top-tier football in Latvia. It began on 15 April 2011 and ended on 5 November 2011.

The competition was won by FK Ventspils, who thus qualified for the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League. Runners-up Liepājas Metalurgs and third-placed sides Daugava Daugavpils earned spots for the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League. On the bottom end of the table, JFK Olimps/RFS were relegated after losing their play-off series against Spartaks Jūrmala.

All nine clubs played every other club four times during the course of the season: twice at home and twice away. In addition, there will be no direct relegation to the Latvian First League this year.

Latvian Football Federation
The Latvian Football Federation (Latvian: Latvijas Futbola federācija lv ⓘ; LFF [ˌelːefˈefː] ⓘ) is the governing body of football in Latvia with its headquarters located in the Rimi Sports Centre in Riga. Its activities include the organizing of the Latvian football championship (Optibet Virslīga), the Latvian First League, the Latvian Second League, as well as lower league championships and the Latvian Football Cup. The federation also manages the Latvia national football team and Latvia women's national football team.
VTech PreComputer 2000
The VTech PreComputer 2000 (also known as the Genius Leader 2000/2000 Plus) is an electronic learning aid manufactured by VTech and released in 1992. It contains a dot matrix LCD, standard size keyboard, 34 activities for teaching in 4 different levels for 1 or 2 players and introductory computer programming with the BASIC programming language. It has an 80,000 word spell checker and a SAT word builder. It can be powered by a battery or AC adapter.  It is the successor to the VTech PreComputer 1000 model.

VTech
VTech Holdings Limited (an abbreviation of Video Technology Limited or simply VTech) is a Hong Kong children's product manufacturer. It is also the world's largest manufacturer of baby monitors and cordless phones. It was founded in October 1976 by Allan Wong (Chi-Yun) and Stephen Leung.
Siege of Lille (1792)
The siege of Lille (25 September – 8 October 1792) saw a Republican French garrison under Jean-Baptiste André Ruault de La Bonnerie hold Lille against an assault by a Habsburg army commanded by Duke Albert of Saxe-Teschen. Though the city was fiercely bombarded, the French successfully withstood the Austrian attack in the action. Because the Austrians were unable to completely encircle the city, the French were able to continuously send in reinforcements. After news of the French victory over the Prussians at Valmy, Albert withdrew his troops and siege cannons. The next battle was at Jemappes in November. The Column of the Goddess monument was completed in 1845 to commemorate the siege.

National Guard (France)
The National Guard (French: Garde nationale) is a French military, gendarmerie, and police reserve force, active in its current form since 2016 but originally founded in 1789 during the French Revolution. In 2016, France announced the reestablishment of the National Guard for the second time, in response to a series of terrorist attacks in the country.

It was founded as separate from the French Army and existed both for policing and as a military reserve. In its original stages from 1792 to 1795, the National Guard was perceived as revolutionary and the lower ranks were identified with sans-culottes. It experienced a period of official dissolution from 1827 to 1830 but was reestablished. Soon after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71, the National Guard in Paris again became viewed as dangerously revolutionary, which contributed to its dissolution in 1871.
Karuli
Karuli, or Karuli Piran, is a village of Kallar Kahar Tehsil, Chakwal District, Pakistan. It is located in the Salt Range near the M-2 motorway.

According to village history, the village is named for the time when a "pir" descendant of Sheikh Baha-ud-Din Zakariya came to the area for a spiritual retreat. He rested near the Choa river and used its waters to perform the Islamic cleansing rituals wudu at Karuli.

The village has a population of about 10,000 people.
The local language is Punjabi. The tribe name dwelling there is Malik and Awan. They are Sunni Muslims. 
Karuli is a lush green area. There is no college, hospital, restaurant, bank or any big beneficial building in the village. 
Proper roads are a big need of the village along with other basic necessities. 
Due to lack of resources people are left behind in different fields of modern life.

Geographical coordinates of Karuli are 32° 41' 0" North, 72° 47' 0" East. See Karuli on Google Earth

Kallar Kahar Tehsil
Kallar Kahar Tehsil (in Punjabi and Urdu تحصِيل كلّر كہار) is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Chakwal District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Kallar Kahar city serves as the tehsil headquarters.

The area is also known for its peacocks and a salt water natural lake. One of the reputed cadet colleges is also located in this town. The population of Kallar Kahar town was 24,283, per the 2017 census.
Brodowe
Brodowe [brɔˈdɔvɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ładzice, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Ładzice, 7 km (4 mi) west of Radomsko, and 82 km (51 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Ładzice
Ładzice [waˈd͡ʑit͡sɛ] is a village in Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Ładzice. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) west of Radomsko and 79 km (49 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
Brasilotitan
Brasilotitan (meaning "Brazil giant") is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian) Adamantina Formation of Brazil. The type species is Brasilotitan nemophagus. Brasilotitan was a small titanosaur with a squared-off snout, and may be closely related to another Brazilian titanosaur, Uberabatitan.

Titanosauria
Titanosaurs (or titanosaurians; members of the group Titanosauria) were a diverse group of sauropod dinosaurs, including genera from every continent. The titanosaurs were the last surviving group of long-necked sauropods, with taxa still thriving at the time of the extinction event at the end of the Cretaceous. This group includes some of the largest land animals known to have ever existed, such as Patagotitan, estimated at 37 m (121 ft) long with a mass of 69 tonnes (76 tons), and the comparably-sized Argentinosaurus and Puertasaurus from the same region.

The group's name alludes to the mythological Titans of ancient Greek mythology, via the type genus (now considered a nomen dubium) Titanosaurus. Together with the brachiosaurids and relatives, titanosaurs make up the larger sauropod clade Titanosauriformes. Titanosaurs have long been a poorly-known group, and the relationships between titanosaur species are still not well-understood.
Gettysburg Battlefield Historic District
The Gettysburg Battlefield Historic District is a district of contributing properties and over 1000 historic contributing structures and 315 historic buildings, located in Adams County, Pennsylvania. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 19, 1975. Most of the contributing elements of the Gettysburg Battlefield are on the protected federal property within the smaller Gettysburg National Military Park.

Historic structures include the Battle of Gettysburg monuments and memorials.  Historic buildings range from a 1776 Colonial tavern to a vacant 1962 Modernist museum (Demolished in 2013).  Contributing structures include postbellum artifacts such as the 1895 Big Round Top Observation Tower Foundation Ruin, the 1893 Electric Trolley Bed, and the only remaining Tipton Boundary Marker.

Adams County, Pennsylvania
Adams County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 103,852. Its county seat is Gettysburg. The county was created on January 22, 1800, from part of York County, and was named for John Adams, the second President of the United States.

Between July 1 and July 3, 1863, the Battle of Gettysburg, the bloodiest and most significant battle of the American Civil War, was fought near Gettysburg. As a result, Adams County is a center for Civil War-related tourism.  Adams County comprises the Gettysburg metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Harrisburg–York–Lebanon combined statistical area. The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.
Poornachandra Tejaswi (composer)
Poornachandra Tejaswi (Kannada: ಪೂರ್ಣಚಂದ್ರ ತೇಜಸ್ವಿ)  is an Indian film composer, lyricist and playback singer who primarily works in Kannada Film Industry. His film debut was made in Pawan Kumar's directed Lucia, where he wrote the film's background score, lyrics and songs. They received acclaims and honors both from audience and critics.

Karnataka State Film Awards
Karnataka State Film Awards are the most notable and prestigious film awards given for Kannada film industry in Karnataka, India. These are considered the highest awards for Kannada language films. They are given annually by the Government of Karnataka to honor the best talent and to provide encouragement and incentive to the Kannada film industry.

The awards are decided by a committee, headed by a panel of judges. The jury usually consists of eminent film personalities. The awards intend to promote films with artistic value and encourage artists, technicians and producers. The awards are declared by the Minister for Cultural Affairs and are presented by the Chief Minister of Karnataka.

On 14 November 2016,Chief Minister of Karnataka Siddaramaiah declared that the State Government will present the Karnataka State Film Awards on 24 April, the birthday of thespian Dr. Rajkumar, every year henceforth.
Begunkodor railway station
Begunkodar railway station is a railway station of Ranchi railway division of the South Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. It serves the nearby area of Begunkodor and Jhalda town in the Purulia district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Passengers deserted the station and it had come to be known as haunted in Railway records. The station was listed by Railways as one of its 10 most haunted stations in India.

Ranchi railway division
Ranchi railway division is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of South Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 1 April 2003 and its headquarter is located at Ranchi in the state of Jharkhand of India.

Kharagpur railway division, Chakradharpur railway division and Adra railway division are the other three railway divisions under SER Zone headquartered at Garden Reach, Calcutta.
Thin plate spline
Thin plate splines (TPS) are a spline-based technique for data interpolation and smoothing. They were introduced to geometric design by Duchon. They are an important special case of a polyharmonic spline. Robust Point Matching (RPM) is a common extension and shortly known as the TPS-RPM algorithm.

Nonlinear dimensionality reduction
Nonlinear dimensionality reduction, also known as manifold learning, is any of various related techniques that aim to project high-dimensional data, potentially existing across non-linear manifolds which cannot be adequately captured by linear decomposition methods, onto lower-dimensional latent manifolds, with the goal of either visualizing the data in the low-dimensional space, or learning the mapping (either from the high-dimensional space to the low-dimensional embedding or vice versa) itself. The techniques described below can be understood as generalizations of linear decomposition methods used for dimensionality reduction, such as singular value decomposition and principal component analysis.
Tambun biscuit
Tambun biscuits (Chinese: 淡汶餅; Tâi-lô: Tām-būn-piánn), or tau sar pneah (Chinese: 豆沙餅; Tâi-lô: tāu-sa-piánn), are a popular delicacy in Penang, Malaysia. They are baked in an oven and made of a flaky pastry generally stuffed with mung bean paste (tau sar), although variations such as pandan exist; the filling can be sweet or savory.

Tâi-uân Lô-má-jī Phing-im Hong-àn
The official romanization system for Taiwanese Hokkien (Taigi) in Taiwan is known as Tâi-uân Tâi-gí Lô-má-jī Phing-im Hong-àn, often shortened to Tâi-lô. It is derived from Pe̍h-ōe-jī and since 2006 has been one of the phonetic notation systems officially promoted by Taiwan's Ministry of Education. The system is used in the MoE's Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi. Its main differences with Pe̍h-ōe-jī are that it uses ts tsh instead of ch chh, u instead of o in vowel combinations such as oa and oe, i instead of e in eng and ek, oo instead of o͘, and nn instead of ⁿ.
2017–18 Indiana Hoosiers women's basketball team
The 2017–18 Indiana Hoosiers women's basketball team represented Indiana University Bloomington during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Hoosiers were led by fourth year head coach Teri Moren and played their home games at Simon Skjodt Assembly Hall as a member of the Big Ten Conference. They finished the season of 23–14, 9–7 in Big Ten play to finish in a tie for fourth place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Big Ten women's tournament to Maryland. They were invited to the Women's National Invitation Tournament, where they advanced to the finals and defeated Virginia Tech for the championship.

2018 Big Ten women's basketball tournament
The 2018 Big Ten women's basketball tournament was the postseason women's basketball tournament for the Big Ten Conference during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. It was held from February 28 through March 4, 2018 at Bankers Life Fieldhouse in Indianapolis. Ohio State defeated Maryland 79–69 in the championship game to win the tournament, and received the Big Ten's automatic bid to the 2018 NCAA tournament.
Myrmaplata plataleoides
Myrmaplata plataleoides, also called the red weaver-ant mimicking jumper, is a jumping spider that mimics the Asian weaver ant (Oecophylla smaragdina) in morphology and behaviour. This species is found in India, Sri Lanka, China and many parts of Southeast Asia.

Unlike the weaver ants, M. plataleoides does not bite people, and indeed seems rather timid.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Alnwick branch line
The Alnwick branch line is a partly closed railway line in Northumberland, northern England. A heritage railway currently operates along one mile of the line, which originally ran from Alnmouth railway station, on the East Coast Main Line, to the town of Alnwick, a distance of 2+3⁄4 miles (4.4 km).

Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive is a steam locomotive which carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of a more traditional tender. Most tank engines also have bunkers (or fuel tanks) to hold fuel; in a tender-tank locomotive a tender holds some or all of the fuel, and may hold some water also.

There are several different types of tank locomotive, distinguished by the position and style of the water tanks and fuel bunkers. The most common type has tanks mounted either side of the boiler. This type originated about 1840 and quickly became popular for industrial tasks, and later for shunting and shorter-distance main line duties.

Tank locomotives have advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional locomotives that required a separate tender to carry needed water and fuel.
Blasiphalia
Blasiphalia is a fungal genus in the family Repetobasidiaceae. A monotypic genus, it contains the honey colored omphalinoid agaric , Blasiphalia pseudogrisella, which grows with the liverwort genus Blasia. Phylogenetically related agarics are in the genera Rickenella, Gyroflexus, Loreleia, Cantharellopsis and Contumyces, as well as the stipitate-stereoid genera Muscinupta and  Cotylidia and clavarioid genus, Alloclavaria. Blasiphalia is most similar to Rickenella and Contumyces, and was only just recognized as a distinct genus in 2007 based upon molecular analysis. The fungus is unique in parasitizing Blasia by forming clasping appresoria on its host's rhizoids. Its basidiospores also germinate on the host's gemmae and clasp them and therefore can be disseminated together with the gemmae.

Repetobasidiaceae
Repetobasidiaceae is a phylogenetically defined family encompassing resupinate, poroid, stereoid, clavarioid, and agaricoid fungi, among other forms. Currently no description of the emended family circumscription is available.
Marianne Edwards
Marianne Edwards (December 9, 1930 – November 8, 2013) was an American child actress who appeared in the Our Gang film series from 1934 to 1936.  She also appeared in several feature films in the 1930s, including Gold Diggers Of 1933, Babes In Toyland, and Stand Up and Cheer!.

Edwards was signed to a five-year contract with Hal Roach Studios in 1935, when she was just four years old, and publicized as competition for Shirley Temple.

Edwards' most memorable Our Gang appearance was as the five-year-old Amateur Night contestant "Daisy Dimple, Dancer Par Excellence" suddenly stricken with stage fright in Beginner's Luck. In the film George "Spanky" McFarland wins the prize money for her so she can buy her dancing costume ("Girlie, the dress is in the bag!"). In another classic installment, Edwards was wooed by Spanky and Carl "Alfalfa" Switzer in Sprucin' Up, only to be won over by rich kid Jerry Tucker.

Carl "Alfalfa" Switzer
Carl Dean Switzer (August 7, 1927 – January 21, 1959) was an American child actor, comic singer, dog breeder, and guide. He was best known for his role as Alfalfa in the Our Gang series of short-subject comedies.

Switzer (rhyming with "Schweitzer", as pronounced in the Our Gang shorts Framing Youth and Alfalfa's Aunt) began his career as a child actor in 1934. He appeared in the Our Gang shorts as Alfalfa, one of the series' most popular and best-remembered characters. After outgrowing the series in 1940, Switzer struggled to find substantial roles, but was typecast as a juvenile actor. As an adult, he appeared mainly in bit parts and B-movies. He later became a dog breeder and hunting guide.

Switzer married heiress Diantha Collingwood in 1954 and they had one son. He was shot and killed by Moses "Bud" Stiltz in 1959 due to a disagreement regarding a business arrangement.
Supernovas (Women's T20 Challenge)
Supernovas were an Indian cricket team. They were founded in 2018 to compete in the Women's T20 Challenge, which they competed in until the tournament ended in 2022. They were the most successful T20 Challenge side, having won the tournament three times, in 2018, 2019 and 2022.

Chamari Athapaththu
Atapattu Mudiyanselage Chamari Jayangani Kumari Athapaththu (born 9 February 1990), known as Chamari Athapaththu, is a Sri Lankan cricketer and the captain of the national team. In 2017, she was named the Cricketer of the Year for the 2016–17 season at Sri Lanka Cricket's annual awards. She is the first Sri Lankan woman to play franchise cricket. In 2023, a special seating zone at the Sydney Cricket Ground was named after her as Chamari Bay.
All India Ganatantra Parishad
The Ganatanra Parishad (GP) or the All India Ganatantra Parishad (AIGP) was a regional political party based in Orissa state in eastern India from 1950 to 1962. This political party was formed by the former rulers of the erstwhile princely states and big landlords. It was founded in 1950 and Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo became its president. In 1962, after the parliamentary election, this political party was merged with the Orissa unit of the Swatantra Party.

Swatantra Party
The Swatantra Party (lit. 'Free Party'  or 'Independent Party') was an Indian classical liberal political party that existed from 1959 to 1974. It was founded by C. Rajagopalachari in reaction to what he felt was the increasingly socialist and statist outlook of the ruling Indian National Congress government under prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru.

The party had a number of distinguished leaders, most of them old Congress leaders, like C. Rajagopalachari, Minoo Masani, N. G. Ranga, Darshan Singh Pheruman, Udham Singh Nagoke, and K. M. Munshi.

Swatantra stood for a market-based economy and the dismantling of the "Licence Raj" although it opposed laissez-faire policies. Nehru was highly critical of Swatantra and dubbed it as belonging to "the middle ages of lords, castles, and zamindars".