hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Exceptional object
In mathematics, an exceptional object is one of finitely many exceptions to some classification of objects. Many branches of mathematics study objects of a given type and prove a classification theorem. A common theme is that the classification results in a number of series of objects and a finite number of exceptions — often with desirable properties — that do not fit into any series; these are known as exceptional objects. In many cases, these exceptional objects play a further and important role in the subject. Furthermore, the exceptional objects in one branch of mathematics often relate to the exceptional objects in others.

A related phenomenon is exceptional isomorphism, when two series are in general different, but agree for some small values. For example, spin groups in low dimensions are isomorphic to other classical Lie groups.

Pariah group
In group theory, the term pariah was introduced by Robert Griess in Griess (1982) to refer to the six sporadic simple groups which are not subquotients of the monster group.

The twenty groups which are subquotients, including the monster group itself, he dubbed the happy family.

For example, the orders of J4 and the Lyons Group Ly are divisible by 37.  Since 37 does not divide the order of the monster, these cannot be subquotients of it; thus J4 and Ly  are pariahs.  Three other sporadic groups were also shown to be pariahs by Griess in 1982, and the Janko Group J1 was shown to be the final pariah by Robert A. Wilson in 1986.
Lütfi Müfit Özdeş
Lütfi Müfit Özdeş (1874 in Kırşehir – April 18, 1940 in Heybeliada) was a military officer of the Ottoman Army, and a politician of the Republic of Turkey. He was one of the founding members of Vatan ve Hürriyet. In 1925 he was appointed a member of the Independence Tribunal in Diyarbakır, which was established the counter the Sheikh Said rebellion and sentenced Sheikh Said to death.

Sheikh Said rebellion
The Sheikh Said rebellion (Kurdish: Serhildana Şêx Seîd; Turkish: Şeyh Said İsyanı) was a Kurdish nationalist and Islamist rebellion in Southeast Anatolia from February to March 1925 led by Sheikh Said and with support of the Azadî movement and local religious and feudal leaders against the newly-founded secular Turkish Republic. The rebellion was mostly led by Zaza speakers, but also gained support among some of the neighboring Kurmanji-speaking Kurds in the region.

The religious and nationalist background of the Sheikh Said rebellion has been debated by the scholars. The rebellion was described as "the first large-scale nationalist rebellion by the Kurds" by Robert W. Olson.
1992 European Challenge
The 1992 Canal Plus European Challenge was a professional invitational snooker tournament, which took place in March 1992 at the Happy European Sports & Business Centre in Waregem, Belgium.

Stephen Hendry won the tournament beating Joe Johnson 4–0 in the final.

European Challenge
The European Challenge was a non-ranking snooker tournament staged between 1991 and 1993. In its first two years it was held in Waregem, Belgium and for its third year it was held in Epernay in France. All three editions were sponsored by Canal Plus.
2014 Cavan County Council election
An election to all 18 seats on Cavan County Council took place on 23 May 2014 as part of the 2014 Irish local elections, a reduction from 25 at the previous election. County Cavan was divided into three local electoral areas to elect councillors for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

2009 Cavan County Council election
An election to Cavan County Council took place on 5 June 2009 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 25 councillors were elected from four local electoral areas (LEAs) for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Cardiff City F.C. (women)
Cardiff City Football Club Women (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed Merched Dinas Caerdydd) is a women's football club based in Cardiff, Wales. Affiliated with Cardiff City, the club competes in the Adran Premier, the top tier of Welsh women's football.

Cardiff have won four league titles, five Welsh Cups and one Adran Trophy.

2014–15 Welsh Women's Cup
The 2014–15 FAW Women's Cup is the 23rd season of Wales' national women's association football knock-out competition. 30 teams took part in the competition. Cardiff Met. Ladies F.C. were the defending champions.
Arrested Development season 4
The fourth season of the American television satirical sitcom series Arrested Development premiered on Netflix on May 26, 2013, and consists of 15 episodes.  It serves as a revival to the series after it was canceled by Fox in 2006.

The storyline centers on the Bluth family, a formerly wealthy, habitually dysfunctional family, and the show incorporates hand-held camera work, narration, archival photos, and historical footage.

Unlike other seasons, each episode of the fourth season occurs over approximately the same stretch of time, but focuses on a different character. Information on events depicted in a given episode is often partial and filled in by later episodes. In 2018, a recut version of the season was released, titled Season 4 Remix: Fateful Consequences. In contrast to the original cut, it presented the events in chronological order.

Matt and John Yuan
Matthew "Matt" and John Yuan, also known collectively as The Yuan Twins, (born December 14, 1973) are American twin actors, writers and comic book artists. They wrote the micro-budget zombie film, Death Valley: The Revenge of Bloody Bill for The Asylum in 2004 for producer David Michael Latt. As of 2022, they are the deputy publishers of First Comics.
New Zealand Professional Firefighters Union
The New Zealand Professional Firefighters Union (NZPFU) is a trade union providing professional advocacy and support for career firefighters, trainers, volunteer support officers, fire risk management officers, and fire and emergency dispatchers employed by Fire and Emergency New Zealand.

The NZPFU is affiliated with the New Zealand Council of Trade Unions as well as the International Association of Fire Fighters.

In addition to the key role the NZPFU played organizing a 1995 referendum on firefighter numbers in response to an industrial dispute, the NZPFU continues to work towards the betterment of working conditions for all of its members.

International Association of Fire Fighters
The International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF) is a labor union representing paid full-time firefighters and emergency medical services personnel in the United States and Canada. The IAFF was formed in 1918 and is affiliated with the AFL–CIO in the United States and the Canadian Labour Congress in Canada. The IAFF has more than 344,440 members in its more than 3,500 affiliate organizations. Its political action committee, FIREPAC, is one of the most active PACs in the country.
Livia Klausová
Livia Klausová (née Mištinová, born 10 November 1943) is a Slovak-born Czech economist who was the First Lady of the Czech Republic from 2003 to 2013 as wife of the President Václav Klaus. From 2013 to 2018 she served as the Czech Republic's ambassador to Slovakia.

An alumna of the University of Economics, Prague, she married fellow economist Václav Klaus in 1968. The couple have two sons, Václav (b. 1969) and Jan (b. 1974), and five grandchildren. Her father was Štefan Miština, who died in 1959.

First Lady of the Czech Republic
The First Lady of the Czech Republic (Czech: První dáma České republiky) is the hostess of the Prague Castle, advisor to the president, and often plays a role in social activism. The position is traditionally held by the wife of the president of the Czech Republic, concurrent with his term of office. She has no official role in the presidency and her role is strictly ceremonial.

The current first lady of the Czech Republic is Eva Pavlová. She has been the first lady since 9 March 2023 as wife of President Petr Pavel.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Calhoun County, Mississippi
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Calhoun County, Mississippi.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Calhoun County, Mississippi, United States. 
Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 2 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 14, 2025.

Calhoun County, Mississippi
Calhoun County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,266. Its county seat is Pittsboro. The county is named after John C. Calhoun, the U.S. Vice President and U.S. Senator from South Carolina.
MAMSER
MAMSER was an acronym for Mass Mobilization for Self Reliance, Social Justice, and Economic Recovery. It was an exercise in political orientation in Nigeria undertaken by President Babangida as one of the recommendations of the Political Bureau headed by Dr. Samuel Joseph Cookey. The bureau's task was to consult with thousands of Nigerians and recommend to the Armed Forces Ruling Council, a respectable and methodical transition program.  The ruling council also wanted a national orientation to enunciate the abstract ideas in its economic policy and promote value orientation. MAMSER was inaugurated on July 25, 1987.

Armed Forces Ruling Council (Nigeria)
Nigeria's Armed Forces Ruling Council was established by Ibrahim Babangida following the 1985 Nigerian coup d'état that overthrew Muhammadu Buhari. It replaced Buhari's Supreme Military Council, which had been in place since the 1983 Nigerian coup d'état.
Lei Cheng Uk Estate
Lei Cheng Uk Estate (Chinese: 李鄭屋邨; Jyutping: Lei5 Zeng6 Uk1 Cyun1; Cantonese Yale: Léihjehng'ūk Chyūn) is a public housing estate and Tenants Purchase Scheme estate in Lei Cheng Uk, downhill from Cheung Sha Wan, Kowloon, Hong Kong, located near the So Uk Estate. Since the redevelopment in 1980s, the estate consists of 10 residential buildings completed in 1984, 1989 and 1990 respectively. In 2002, some of the flats were sold to tenants through Tenants Purchase Scheme Phase 5. The estate is now managed by Hong Kong Housing Society.

Tenants Purchase Scheme
Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS) is a scheme which allows tenants in public housing estates under the Hong Kong Housing Authority to purchase their flats. The price is set to be much lower than the market prices of private flats and Home Ownership Scheme (HOS) owing to the age of flats and restriction on selling.
Stockholm Japan Expo
The Stockholm Japan Expo is an annual expo held in Gullmarsplan in Stockholm to showcase Japanese culture and arts. The three-day event typically runs through the last (usually fourth) Friday of the month May to the consequent Sunday.

Culture of Japan
Japanese culture has changed greatly over the millennia, from the country's prehistoric Jōmon period, to its contemporary modern culture, which absorbs influences from Asia and other regions of the world.

Since the Jomon period, ancestral groups like the Yayoi and Kofun, who arrived to Japan from Korea and China, respectively, have shaped Japanese culture. Rice cultivation and centralized leadership were introduced by these groups, shaping Japanese culture. Chinese dynasties, particularly the Tang dynasty, have influenced Japanese culture throughout history and brought it into the Sinosphere. After 220 years of isolation, the Meiji era opened Japan to Western influences, enriching and diversifying Japanese culture. Popular culture shows how much contemporary Japanese culture influences the world.
Ovation Guitar Company
The Ovation Guitar Company is a manufacturer of string instruments. Ovation primarily manufactures steel-string acoustic guitars (both 6 and 12-string versions) and nylon-string guitars, often with pickups for electric amplification. In 2015, it became a subsidiary of Drum Workshop after being acquired from KMCMusicorp, and in 2020 was sold to GEWA Music.

The company's Ovation and Adamas guitars are known for their round backs, which gives them a recognizable shape. The latter are also well known for the use of carbon fiber tops (instead of the typically wood tops for acoustic guitars). Apart from guitars, the company currently produces acoustic basses, mandolins and ukuleles.

Pickup (music technology)
A pickup is an electronic device that converts energy from one form to another that captures or senses mechanical vibrations produced by musical instruments, particularly stringed instruments such as the electric guitar, and converts these to an electrical signal that is amplified using an instrument amplifier to produce musical sounds through a loudspeaker in a speaker enclosure. The signal from a pickup can also be recorded directly.

The first electrical string instrument with pickups, the "Frying Pan" slide guitar, was created by George Beauchamp and Adolph Rickenbacker around 1931.

Most electric guitars and electric basses use magnetic pickups. Acoustic guitars, upright basses and fiddles often use a piezo electric pickup.
Braids, Links, and Mapping Class Groups
Braids, Links, and Mapping Class Groups is a mathematical monograph on braid groups and their applications in low-dimensional topology. It was written by Joan Birman, and published in 1974 by the Princeton University Press and University of Tokyo Press, as volume 82 of the book series Annals of Mathematics Studies.

Although braid groups had been introduced in 1891 by Adolf Hurwitz and formalized in 1925 by Emil Artin, this was the first book devoted to them. It has been described as a "seminal work", one that "laid the foundations for several new subfields in topology".

Low-dimensional topology
In mathematics, low-dimensional topology is the branch of topology that studies manifolds, or more generally topological spaces, of four or fewer dimensions. Representative topics are the theory of 3-manifolds and 4-manifolds, knot theory, and braid groups. This can be regarded as a part of geometric topology. It may also be used to refer to the study of topological spaces of dimension 1, though this is more typically considered part of continuum theory.
Japanese submarine Ro-107
Ro-107 was an Imperial Japanese Navy Ro-100-class submarine. Completed and commissioned in December 1942, she served in World War II, operating in the Solomon Islands. She disappeared in July 1943 during her third war patrol.

Ro-100-class submarine
The Ro-100-class submarine (呂百型潜水艦, Ro-hyaku-gata Sensuikan) was a group of medium-sized coastal submarines built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during World War II. The IJN official designation for this class was Ko type submarine (小型潜水艦, Ko-gata Sensuikan, "Small type Submarine") or Senshō type submarine (潜小型潜水艦, Sen-Shō-gata sensuikan, "Submarine-Small Type"). They are also known as Type KS submarine. The type name was shortened to Sensuikan Ko-gata (潜水艦小型, Submarine-Small Type).
1975 Belgian Grand Prix
The 1975 Belgian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Zolder on 25 May 1975. It was race 6 of 14 in both the 1975 World Championship of Drivers and the 1975 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. It was the 33rd Belgian Grand Prix and the second to be held at the Circuit Zolder. The race was held over 70 laps of the four kilometre venue for a race distance of 280 kilometres.

The race was won by Austrian driver Niki Lauda driving a Ferrari 312T, his second victory for the year after winning Monaco two weeks earlier. Lauda led 65 of the 70 laps, taking a 19-second victory over South African driver Jody Scheckter in a Tyrrell 007. Argentinian driver Carlos Reutemann drove his Brabham BT44B to third place. The win put Lauda into the lead of the championship for the first time in 1975, passing previous leader Emerson Fittipaldi.

1975 Monaco Grand Prix
43°44′4.74″N 7°25′16.8″E﻿ / ﻿43.7346500°N 7.421333°E﻿ / 43.7346500; 7.421333

The 1975 Monaco Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held in Monaco on 11 May 1975. It was race 5 of 14 in both the 1975 World Championship of Drivers and the 1975 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. It was the 33rd Monaco Grand Prix since the race was first held in 1929. It was held over 75 of the scheduled 78 laps of the three kilometre street circuit, for a race distance of 245 kilometres.

The race was won by Austrian driver Niki Lauda giving the new Ferrari 312T its first win. The win broke a 20-year drought at Monaco for Ferrari. Lauda dominated the race, only losing the lead during a pitstop. He won by two seconds over the McLaren M23 of Emerson Fittipaldi. Carlos Pace finished third in his Brabham BT44B. This was also the 179th and final Grand Prix for 1962 and 1968 World Champion Graham Hill, although he failed to qualify after 176 race starts.
Matjaž Kek
Matjaž Kek (born 9 September 1961) is a Slovenian professional football manager and former player.

In his managerial career, he has won the Slovenian First League twice with Maribor. As manager of the Slovenia national team, he led the team to two major tournaments, qualifying for the 2010 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2024.

Croatian Football League
The Hrvatska nogometna liga (pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː nôɡomeːtnaː lǐːɡa]; lit. 'Croatian Football League'), abbreviated as HNL and also known for sponsorship reasons as the SuperSport HNL, is a professional association football league in Croatia and the highest level of the Croatian football league system. Established in 1992, it was previously called Prva Hrvatska nogometna liga (1. HNL; lit. 'First Croatian Football League'), but a league structure reorganization from 2022–23 led to name changes for the three top league levels.
Sophie Poirier
Sophie Poirier (1830–1875) was a French seamstress and, during the Paris Commune, a communard. She started a seamstress co-operative with profit sharing during the 1870 Siege of Paris. It closed before the rise of the Commune. She chaired the Montmartre Vigilance Committee during this time, where she worked with Louise Michel. Poirier also founded the Boule Noire women's political club, which voted for the arrest of archbishop Georges Darboy and the destruction of the Vendôme Column. After the fall of the Commune, Poirier was deported to a penal colony. She died in custody in Rouen in 1875.

Communards
The Communards (French: [kɔmynaʁ]) were members and supporters of the short-lived 1871 Communes in France formed in the wake of the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.

After the suppression of the Paris Commune by the French Army in May 1871, 43,000 Communards were taken prisoner, and 6,500 to 7,500 fled abroad. The number of Communard soldiers killed in combat or executed afterwards during the week has long been disputed—Prosper-Olivier Lissagaray put the number at 20,000, while estimates by more recent historians put the probable number between 10,000 and 15,000. 7,500 were jailed or deported under arrangements which continued until a general amnesty during the 1880s; this action by Adolphe Thiers forestalled the proto-communist movement in the French Third Republic (1871–1940).
Elbridge Ayer Burbank
Elbridge Ayer Burbank (April 10, 1858 – March 21, 1949) was an American artist who sketched and painted more than 1200 portraits of Native Americans from 125 tribes. He studied art in Chicago and in his 30s traveled to Munich, Germany, for additional studies with notable German artists. He is believed to be the only person to paint the war chief Geronimo from life.

Newberry Library
The Newberry Library is an independent research library specializing in the humanities, located in the Near North Side community area of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It has been free and open to the public since 1887.
Rockbeare
Rockbeare is a village and civil parish in the East Devon district of the county of Devon, England, located near Exeter Airport and the city of Exeter. "Whilst the name has nothing to do with either 'rocks' nor 'bears', it simply means 'rooks in the grove (of trees)'." "The parish comprises the hamlets of Marsh Green, Pithead, Allercombe, and Little Silver". The village, which is of small extent, is situated on the high road from Honiton to Exeter, and is an agricultural town. The land is nearly evenly divided between arable and pasture, with about 200 acres of common. According to the 2011 Census there were 431 males and 483 females living in the parish. "Rockbeare is written within the Broadclyst ward and electoral division, which is in the constituency of East Devon County Council".

Rockbeare has a grade II* listed church dedicated to St Mary with St Andrew, Rockbeare and a football club called Rockbeare Rangers FC. Rockbeare Manor is a grade I listed building.

East Devon
50°40′44″N 3°14′20″W﻿ / ﻿50.679°N 3.239°W﻿ / 50.679; -3.239

East Devon is a local government district in Devon, England. Its council is based in the town of Honiton, although Exmouth is the largest town. The district also contains the towns of Axminster, Budleigh Salterton, Cranbrook, Ottery St Mary, Seaton and Sidmouth, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

The district borders Teignbridge and the City of Exeter to the west, Mid Devon to the north, Somerset to the north-east, and Dorset to the east.

Two parts of the district are designated as Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty: the Blackdown Hills in the north of the district and the East Devon AONB along the district's coast and adjoining areas. The East Devon coastline from Exmouth to the border with Dorset is also part of the designated World Heritage Site of the Jurassic Coast; the designated area continues into Dorset as far as the Old Harry Rocks near Swanage.
MARTA rail
The MARTA rail network, a component of the MARTA transit system in Metro Atlanta, has four service lines: the Red, Gold, Blue, and Green lines. The Red and Gold lines mainly run along the North-Northeast corridor, and the Blue and Green Lines run along the West-East corridor. The two corridors connect at the Five Points station, which is the only station where transfers are possible between all four lines. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 29,416,400, or about 99,400 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.

Hamilton E. Holmes station
Hamilton E. Holmes, also known as H.E. Holmes, is a subway station in Atlanta, Georgia, the western terminus for the Blue Line in the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) rail system. This is one of the busiest stations in the MARTA system, handling an average of 22,000 boardings per weekday. When the station opened in 1979 it was originally named Hightower station after Hightower Road (Georgia 280), but both the road and the station were later renamed to honor civil rights movement hero Hamilton E. Holmes.

The station primarily serves areas near the junction of Interstate 20 and Georgia 280 east of Adamsville.