hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International Certificate of Competence
An International Certificate of Competence (ICC) is a certificate that may be issued to anyone who has successfully completed certain national boating licenses or has passed an examination to prove the necessary competence for pleasure craft operation. ICC is the only sailing license approved by United Nations as a legitimate recreational sailing license.

Persons wishing to be tested in the United Kingdom need to be tested by an approved ICC test centre.

Although only guaranteed to be accepted in countries that have adopted the relevant UN Resolution, the ICC is a useful document to carry and will generally be accepted when proof of competence is required.

In very general terms an ICC is required for the inland waterways of Europe and for inland and coastal waters of Mediterranean countries. For the coastal waters of Northern Europe the ICC is generally  not required, however to all of these generalisations there are exceptions.

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE or UNECE) is an intergovernmental organization or a specialized body of the United Nations. The UNECE is one of five regional commissions under the jurisdiction of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It was established in 1947 in order to promote economic cooperation and integration among its member states.

The commission is composed of 56 member states, most of which are based in Europe, as well as a few outside Europe. Its transcontinental Eurasian or non-European member states include: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Canada, Cyprus, Georgia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, the United States and Uzbekistan.
2,2,3,3-Tetramethylsuccinic acid
In chemistry, 2,2,3,3-tetramethylsuccinic acid or 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane-1,4-dioic acid is a dicarboxylic acid with the formula C8H14O4, or HOOC-C(CH3)2-C(CH3)2-COOH.

It can be seen as derivative of succinic acid (butane-1,4-dioic acid) with two methyl groups replacing two hydrogen atoms on each of the central carbon atoms of the chain.

Dicarboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a dicarboxylic acid is an organic compound containing two carboxyl groups (−COOH). The general molecular formula for dicarboxylic acids can be written as HO2C−R−CO2H, where R can be aliphatic or aromatic. In general, dicarboxylic acids show similar chemical behavior and reactivity to monocarboxylic acids. Dicarboxylic acids are usually colorless solids.  A wide variety of dicarboxylic acids are used in industry. Adipic acid, for example, is a precursor to certain kinds of nylon. A wide variety of dicarboxylic acids are found in nature. Aspartic acid and glutamic acid are two amino acids found in all life.  Succinic and fumaric acids are essential for metabolism. A large inventory of derivatives are known including many mono- and diesters, amides, etc.
Dorsal carpal arch
The dorsal carpal arch (dorsal carpal network, posterior carpal arch) is an anatomical term for the combination (anastomosis) of dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery and the dorsal carpal branch of the ulnar artery near the back of the wrist.

It is made up of the dorsal carpal branches of both the ulnar and radial arteries.  It also anastomoses with the anterior interosseous artery and the posterior interosseous artery.  The arch gives off three dorsal metacarpal arteries.

It serves as a source of blood supply to the radiocarpal joint alongside the palmar carpal arch.

Dorsal carpal branch of the ulnar artery
The dorsal carpal branch of the ulnar artery arises from the ulnar artery immediately above the pisiform bone, and winds backward beneath the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris; it passes across the dorsal surface of the carpus beneath the extensor tendons, to anastomose with a corresponding branch of the radial artery.

Immediately after its origin, it gives off a small branch, which runs along the ulnar side of the fifth metacarpal bone, and supplies the ulnar side of the dorsal surface of the little finger.
ABC Southern Queensland
ABC Southern Queensland is an ABC Local Radio station based in Toowoomba broadcasting to the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia.  This includes the towns of Roma, Warwick, Dalby, Kingaroy and Goondiwindi.

ABC Local Radio
ABC Local Radio is a network of publicly owned radio stations in Australia, operated by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.

ABC Local Radio stations broadcast across the continent using terrestrial transmitters and satellites. Its programming consists of news, current affairs, talkback, entertainment, sport, music and local affairs.  They are usually reckoned as the flagship ABC radio stations in their areas.

Depending on the time of day and the day of the week, programming can either be purely local (typically on weekday mornings), broadcast from the state or territory capital city ABC station, or simulcast across all ABC Local Radio services across the country (typically overnight, public holidays, in the summer months and on weekends).
2023 Open de Rennes
The 2023 Open Blot Rennes was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 17th edition of the tournament and part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Rennes, France between 11 and 17 September 2023.

2023 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2023 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2023 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 196 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 46th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 15th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Vatroslav Mihačić
Vatroslav Mihačić (born 30 September 1967) is a retired Croatian football player. He played as goalkeeper for Hajduk Split, Neretva and NK Zagreb in Croatia, and had a four-year spell at Portuguese side Gil Vicente.

Croatian Football League
The Hrvatska nogometna liga (pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː nôɡomeːtnaː lǐːɡa]; lit. 'Croatian Football League'), abbreviated as HNL and also known for sponsorship reasons as the SuperSport HNL, is a professional association football league in Croatia and the highest level of the Croatian football league system. Established in 1992, it was previously called Prva Hrvatska nogometna liga (1. HNL; lit. 'First Croatian Football League'), but a league structure reorganization from 2022–23 led to name changes for the three top league levels.
2023 South Alabama Jaguars football team
The 2023 South Alabama Jaguars football team represented the University of South Alabama as a member of the Sun Belt Conference during the 2023 NCAA Division I FBS football season. They were led by third-year head coach Kane Wommack and played their home games at Hancock Whitney Stadium in Mobile, Alabama. The South Alabama Jaguars football team drew an average home attendance of 17,190 in 2023.

Hancock Whitney Stadium
Hancock Whitney Stadium is a 25,450-seat multi-purpose stadium on the campus of the University of South Alabama in Mobile, Alabama. It is the home of the South Alabama Jaguars football program, starting with the 2020 season. The stadium replaced Ladd–Peebles Stadium, a city-owned all-purpose stadium located some 9 miles (14 km) from the campus where the school had played its football games since 2009. The stadium carries the name of Hancock Whitney, a bank holding company headquartered in Gulfport, Mississippi, while its playing surface is designated as the Abraham A. Mitchell Field, named after a substantial donor to the program.  Hancock Whitney Stadium is located on the west part of the South Alabama campus near the football field house, practice fields, and Jaguar Training Center, which is the largest covered practice facility in the state of Alabama.
Kovačice
Kovačice is a village in the municipality of Valjevo, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 203 people.

Kovačice - panorama

Kovačice - panorama

Kovačice - panorama

Kovačice - panorama

Kovačice - panorama

Valjevo
Valjevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Ваљево, pronounced [ʋâːʎeʋo]) is a city and the administrative center of the Kolubara District in western Serbia. According to the 2022 census, the city itself has a population of 56,145 while the city administrative area has 82,169 inhabitants. The city is situated along the river Kolubara.
Black and Yellow Trail
The Black and Yellow Trail was the promotional name for the portion of U.S. Route 14 (US 14) nominally linking the Black Hills of South Dakota to Yellowstone National Park. The signed auto trail route was extended by promoters to Chicago in the east. In 1919, it was proposed as a brand for a continuous route from Boston, Massachusetts to Seattle, Washington The headquarters for the promotional association were established in Huron, South Dakota with the aim of diverting traffic from the better-known Yellowstone Trail to the north. The Black and Yellow Trail also included portions of US 16, US 20, and US 41.

The Black and Yellow Trail is notable for a 1924 speech by South Dakota state historian Doane Robinson given to the route's organizers, where he first mentioned his proposal to carve figures of historical figures at Mount Rushmore.

Auto trail
The system of auto trails was an informal network of marked routes that existed in the United States and Canada in the early part of the 20th century.  Marked with colored bands on utility poles, the trails were intended to help travellers in the early days of the automobile.

Auto trails were usually marked and sometimes maintained by organizations of private individuals. Some, such as the Lincoln Highway, maintained by the Lincoln Highway Association, were well-known and well-organized, while others were the work of fly-by-night promoters, to the point that anyone with enough paint and the will to do so could set up a trail. Trails were not usually linked to road improvements, although counties and states often prioritized road improvements because they were on trails.

In the mid-to-late 1920s, the auto trails were essentially replaced with the United States Numbered Highway System.  The Canadian provinces had also begun implementing similar numbering schemes.
Kendra Brooks
Kendra Nicole Brooks (born July 9, 1972) is an American politician and activist. Brooks, a member of the Working Families Party (WFP), won a citywide at-large seat in the election to Philadelphia City Council on November 5, 2019. The council has seven at-large seats that go to the highest overall vote-getters with two seats reserved for a minority party. Brooks's initial 2019 election was the first time a third party candidate won the minority party seat since its inception in 1919, through the creation of the modern Philadelphia City Council. Brooks won reelection to Philadelphia City Council in 2023.

Nicetown–Tioga, Philadelphia
Nicetown–Tioga is a neighborhood in the North Philadelphia section of the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. It comprises two smaller, older neighborhoods, Nicetown and Tioga, although the distinction between the two is rarely emphasized today. The name "Nicetown" is often simply used to refer to any part of Nicetown–Tioga.
Cirrhilabrus blatteus
Cirrhilabrus blatteus or the purple-boned wrasse is a species of fairy wrasse native to the coasts of Egypt, Eritrea, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, and Yemen in the Gulf of Aqaba. The species can be found at depths of 40 to 50 meters.

Cirrhilabrus
Cirrhilabrus, the fairy wrasses, is a genus of fish in the family Labridae native to coral reefs and nearby habitats in the Indo-Pacific region. They are brightly colored and do not surpass 16 cm (6.3 in) in length. Males are larger and more colorful than females. They are commonly kept in aquaria.
Anush (Mandaeism)
In Mandaeism, Anush (Classical Mandaic: ࡀࡍࡅࡔ, romanized: Anuš) (Neo-Mandaic: Ennosh, Modern Mandaic pronunciation: [ˈænnʊʃ]) or Anush Uthra (Classical Mandaic: ࡀࡍࡅࡔ ࡏࡅࡕࡓࡀ, romanized: Anuš ʿUtra) is an uthra (angel or guardian) from the World of Light. Anush is considered to be the Mandaean equivalent of Enos.

Prayers in the Qulasta frequently contain the recurring formula "In the name of Hibil, Šitil, and Anuš" (Classical Mandaic: ࡁࡔࡅࡌࡀࡉࡄࡅࡍ ࡖࡄࡉࡁࡉࡋ ࡅࡔࡉࡕࡉࡋ ࡅࡀࡍࡅࡔ b-šumaihun ḏ-Hibil u-Šitil u-Anuš).

The Mshunia Kushta is considered to be the shkina (dwelling) of Anush Uthra.

Enos (biblical figure)
Enos or Enosh (Hebrew: אֱנוֹשׁ ʾĔnōš; "mortal man"; Arabic: أَنُوش/يَانِش, romanized: Yāniš/’Anūš; Greek: Ἐνώς Enṓs; Ge'ez: ሄኖስ Henos) is a figure in the Book of Genesis in the Hebrew Bible. He is described as the first son of Seth who figures in the Generations of Adam, and is also referred to within the genealogies of 1 Chronicles.

In the New Testament, he figures within the genealogy of Jesus as it is set out in Luke 3:38. Enos is also mentioned in Islam in the various collections of tales of the pre-Islamic prophets, which honor him in an identical manner. Furthermore, early Islamic historians like Ibn Ishaq and Ibn Hisham always included his name in the genealogy of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, (Arabic: ’Anūsh أَنُوش  or: Yānish يَانِش).
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Shkodër–Pult
The Archdiocese of Shkodër–Pult (Albanian: Kryedioqeza e Shkodrës–Pult, Latin: Archidioecesis Scodrensis–Pulatensis), historically known as Scutari, is one of two Metropolitan archdiocese of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church in Albania.

The archdiocese's cathedral is St. Stephen's Cathedral (Albanian: Katedralja e Shën Shtjefnit Protomartir) in Shkoder, dedicated to St. Stephen Protomartyr.

Diocese of Sofia and Plovdiv (Latin Catholic)
The Diocese of Sofia and Plovdiv (Latin: Diœcesis Sophiae et Philippopolis)  is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church which includes the whole southern part of Bulgaria. The remainder of Bulgaria falls within the Diocese of Nicopoli. The diocese is exempt, i.e. immediately subject of the Holy See, not part of any ecclesiastical province.

The seat of the episcopal see is the Cathedral of St Louis is in Plovdiv and there is a new co-cathedral in Sofia — the Cathedral of St. Joseph, consecrated on May 21, 2006 by Cardinal Angelo Sodano. The construction was symbolically started by Pope John Paul II during his visit in Sofia in 2002.
2007 Chicago Cubs season
The 2007 Chicago Cubs season was the 136th season of the Chicago Cubs franchise, the 132nd in the National League and the 92nd at Wrigley Field. The Cubs, trying to rebound after a season in which they finished last in their division for the first time since 2000, finished first in the National League Central with a record of 85–77, their first postseason berth and division title since 2003, and their first winning season since 2004. They were swept three games to none by the Arizona Diamondbacks in the NLDS.

2003 Chicago Cubs season
The 2003 Chicago Cubs season was the 132nd season of the Chicago Cubs franchise, the 128th in the National League and the 88th at Wrigley Field. The Cubs were managed by Dusty Baker in his first year in Chicago. The Cubs went 88–74 during the 2003 season and won the National League Central for the first time since the division's formation in 1994, and the team's first division title since its 1989 NL East title. In the NLDS, the Cubs defeated the Atlanta Braves three games to two for their first postseason series win since 1908. The Cubs lost to the Florida Marlins four games to three in the NLCS.
Satellite formation flying
Satellite formation flying is the coordination of multiple satellites to accomplish the objective of one larger, usually more expensive, satellite.  Coordinating smaller satellites has many benefits over single satellites including simpler designs, faster build times, cheaper replacement creating higher redundancy, unprecedented high resolution, and the ability to view research targets from multiple angles or at multiple times.  These qualities make them ideal for astronomy, communications, meteorology, and environmental uses.

Small satellite
A small satellite, miniaturized satellite, or smallsat is a satellite of low mass and size, usually under 1,200 kg (2,600 lb). While all such satellites can be referred to as "small", different classifications are used to categorize them based on mass. Satellites can be built small to reduce the large economic cost of launch vehicles and the costs associated with construction.  Miniature satellites, especially in large numbers, may be more useful than fewer, larger ones for some purposes – for example, gathering of scientific data and radio relay.  Technical challenges in the construction of small satellites may include the lack of sufficient power storage or of room for a propulsion system.
Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science
The Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science (Swedish: Skytteanska priset) was established in 1995 by the Johan Skytte Foundation at Uppsala University. The foundation itself goes back to the donation in 1622 from Johan Skytte (1577–1645), politician and chancellor of the university, which established the Skyttean professorship of Eloquence and Government.

The prize, 500,000 Swedish kronor (approximately $52,000) is to be given "to the scholar who in the view of the Foundation has made the most valuable contribution to political science". Since its creation in 1995, the Johan Skytte Prize has garnered a prestigious reputation within the social science community, earning the nickname "the Nobel Prize for Political Science." According to reputation surveys conducted in 2013–2014 and 2018, it is the most prestigious international academic award in political science.

Chancellor of Uppsala University
The Chancellor (Swedish: kanslercode: swe promoted to code: sv ) of Uppsala University was from 1622 to 1893 the head of the University of Uppsala, although in most academic and practical day-to-day matters it was run by the consistory (konsistorium) or board, and its chairman, the Rector magnificus.
Gemcon Group
Gemcon Group (Bengali: জেমকন গ্রুপ) is a Bangladeshi diversified conglomerate based in Dhaka. The directors of the family-run conglomerate face prosecution by the Anti-Corruption Commission for amassing illicit wealth and money laundering. 
In addition, a Dhaka court imposed travel ban on the directors of the group for loan defaulting. Gemcon Group is in the highlighted list of 10 companies being pursued by the Bangladesh Bank to recover laundered money.

2020–21 Bangabandhu T20 Cup
The 2020–21 Bangabandhu T20 Cup (Bengali: বঙ্গবন্ধু টি-২০ কাপ) was a Twenty20 cricket competition that was held in Bangladesh. It was played by five teams, during November and December 2020. In November 2020, more than 100 players began to undertake fitness tests, ahead of a players' draft for the tournament. The players' draft took place on 12 November 2020, with the tournament starting in the third week of November. Two days later, the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB) confirmed the full schedule for the tournament.

The BCB originally announced that the tournament would be used for the criteria to select players for the Twenty20 International (T20I) matches against the West Indies, scheduled to be played in early 2021. However, in December 2020, the two cricket boards agreed the itinerary for the tour, with the T20I matches being dropped.

Gemcon Khulna won the tournament, beating Gazi Group Chattogram by five runs in the final.
Efatese language
Efatese is an artificial mixed language or zonal auxiliary language of Efate Island in Vanuatu. There are half a dozen languages spoken on Efate, of which the languages of North Efate and South Efate are not particularly closely related, and when missionary activity began on the island, at Port Havannah in the northwest of the island, a mixture of the target languages was invented for evangelism and scripture, in preference to promoting one indigenous language over the others.

North Efate language
North Efate, also known as Nakanamanga or Nguna, is an Oceanic language spoken on the northern area of Efate in Vanuatu, as well as on a number of islands off the northern coast – including Nguna, and parts of Tongoa, Emae and Epi.

The population of speakers is recorded to be 9,500. This makes Nakanamanga one of the largest languages of Vanuatu, an archipelago known for having the world's highest linguistic density.
1397 Umtata
1397 Umtata, provisional designation 1936 PG, is an asteroid from the background population of the asteroid belt's central region, approximately 21 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by South-African astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg on 9 August 1936. The asteroid was named after the South-African town of Mthatha, formerly known as Umtata.

C-type asteroid
C-type (carbonaceous /ˌkɑːrbəˈneɪʃəs/) asteroids are the most common variety, forming around 75% of known asteroids. They are volatile-rich and distinguished by a very low albedo because their composition includes a large amount of carbon, in addition to rocks and minerals. They have an average density of about 1.7 g/cm3.

They lie most often at the outer edge of the asteroid belt, 3.5 au (520 million km; 330 million mi) from the Sun, where 80% of the asteroids are of this type, whereas only 40% of asteroids at 2 au (300 million km; 190 million mi) from the Sun are C-type. The proportion of C-types may actually be greater than this, since C-types are much darker (and hence less detectable) than most other asteroid types, except for D-types and others that lie mostly at the extreme outer edge of the asteroid belt.
Nuclear exclusion clause
The nuclear exclusion clause is a clause which excludes damage caused by nuclear and radiation accidents from regular insurance policies of, for example, home owners.

Example: Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, it is hereby understood and agreed that this policy shall not apply to any loss, damage or expense due to or arising out of, directly or indirectly, nuclear reaction, radiation or radioactive contamination regardless of how it was caused.

As operators of nuclear power plants often have limited third-party liability, in the case of a nuclear accident it is possible that private property damage would be covered neither by the operator of the nuclear power plant nor by the property owners' insurance.

There is no nuclear exclusion clause in health insurance policies.

Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage
The Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage is a 1963 treaty that governs issues of liability in cases of nuclear accident. It was concluded at Vienna on 21 May 1963 and entered into force on 12 November 1977. The convention has been amended by a 1997 protocol, in force since 4 October 2003. The depository is the International Atomic Energy Agency.

As of February 2014, the convention has been ratified by 40 states. Colombia, Israel, Morocco, Spain, and the United Kingdom have signed the convention but have not ratified it. Slovenia has denounced the treaty and withdrawn from it to become party to the Paris Convention.
Cherax albidus
Cherax albidus, commonly known as the white yabby or commercial yabby, is an Australian freshwater crayfish in the Parastacidae family, found primarily in Western Australian agricultural dams, creeks and other small bodies of water. It receives the name of the white yabby to distinguish it from  Cherax destructor, the common or blue yabby.

Similar to the C. destructor, the white yabby shares its common name of yabby with many other Australian Cherax species of crustaceans.

Cherax
Cherax, commonly known as yabby/yabbies in Australia, is the most widespread genus of fully aquatic crayfish in the Southern Hemisphere. Various species of cherax may be found in both still and flowing bodies of freshwater across most of Australia and New Guinea. Together with Euastacus, it is also the largest crayfish genus in the Southern Hemisphere.