hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Tergat
Paul Kibii Tergat (born 17 June 1969) is a Kenyan former professional long-distance runner. He became the first Kenyan man to set the world record in the marathon in 2003, with a time of 2:04:55, and is regarded as one of the most accomplished long-distance runners of all time. Runnerworld called him the "Most comprehensive runner of all time".

Towards the end of his career, he concentrated exclusively on the marathon. Tergat set several world records and won many titles on the track, in cross country, and on the road. He lives and trains in Eldoret, Kenya.

1997 World Championships in Athletics
The 6th World Championships in Athletics (Greek: Παγκόσμιο Πρωτάθλημα Στίβου 1997), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletic Federations, were held at the Olympic Stadium, Athens, Greece between 1 and 10 August 1997. 1,882 athletes from 198 participant nations participated in this event.

It was the first edition to award wild cards to defending champions even if they did not qualify for their national team. This allowed four athletes from the same country to compete in an individual event in some cases.
2006 Internationaux de Strasbourg
The 2006 Internationaux de Strasbourg was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 20th edition of the Internationaux de Strasbourg, and was part of the Tier III category of the 2006 WTA Tour. The tournament took place at the Centre Sportif de Hautepierre in Strasbourg, France, from 22 May until 28 May 2006. Second-seeded Nicole Vaidišová won the singles title and earned $28,000 first-prize money.

Internationaux de Strasbourg
The Internationaux de Strasbourg (formally known as the Strasbourg Grand Prix) is a professional women's tennis tournament held in Strasbourg, France. The tournament has been organized in May since its inception in 1987 and serves as a warm-up event to the French Open which is played a week later.

The tournament was played at the Hautepierre before moving to the Strasbourg’s Tennis Club in 2011.

Past champions of the tournament include former world number ones Steffi Graf (singles), Jennifer Capriati (singles), Lindsay Davenport (two singles, one doubles), Maria Sharapova (singles), Angelique Kerber (singles), Martina Navratilova (doubles), and Ashleigh Barty (two doubles).
Lesser Himalayan Strata
One of the major depositional strata in the Himalaya is the Lesser Himalayan Strata from the Paleozoic to Mesozoic eras. It had a quite different marine succession during the Paleozoic, as most parts of it are sparsely fossiliferous or even devoid of any well-defined fossils. Moreover, it consists of many varied lithofacies, making correlation work more difficult. This article describes the major formations of the Paleozoic – Mesozoic Lesser Himalayan Strata, including the Tal Formation, Gondwana Strata, Singtali Formation and Subathu Formation.

Ophiolite
An ophiolite is a section of Earth's oceanic crust and the underlying upper mantle that has been uplifted and exposed, and often emplaced onto continental crustal rocks.

The Greek word ὄφις, ophis (snake) is found in the name of ophiolites, because of the superficial texture of some of them. Serpentinite especially evokes a snakeskin.  (The suffix -lite is from the Greek lithos, meaning "stone".)  Some ophiolites have a green color. The origin of these rocks, present in many mountainous massifs, remained uncertain until the advent of plate tectonic theory.

Their great significance relates to their occurrence within mountain belts such as the Alps and the Himalayas, where they document the existence of former ocean basins that have now been consumed by subduction. This insight was one of the founding pillars of plate tectonics, and ophiolites have always played a central role in plate tectonic theory and the interpretation of ancient mountain belts.
Confidence (The Hoosiers album)
Confidence is the fifth album released by British indie pop band The Hoosiers, their first since 2015's The Secret Service. It was released on 15 September 2023 by Crab Race and is published by Downtown Music and distributed by Fuga. It is the band's first album as a duo, following the 2016 departure of keyboardist Sam Swallow.

The Secret Service (album)
The Secret Service is the fourth album released by British indie pop band The Hoosiers. It was released on 9 October 2015 by Crab Race and marks the band's first release since bassist Martin Skarendahl departed the line-up in July 2015.
Choiromyces aboriginum
Choiromyces aboriginum is a species of truffle-like fungi in genus Choiromyces, which is part of the Tuberaceae family. It is found in several regions in Australia, where it has been used as a food and as a source of water.

Tuberaceae
The Tuberaceae (/ˌtjuːbəˈreɪsii/) are a family of mycorrhizal fungi, in the order Pezizales, that evolved during or after the first major adaptive radiation of Angiosperms in the Jurassic period (140–180 million years ago, Mya).  It includes the genus Tuber, which includes the so-called "true" truffles. It was characterized by the Belgian botanist Barthélemy Charles Joseph du Mortier in 1822. A molecular study of ribosomal DNA by mycologist Kerry O'Donnell in 1997 found that a small clade now redefined as Helvellaceae is most closely related to the Tuberaceae. The mycologist Mary Cloyd Burnley Stifler studied and described this fungal family, donating specimens to herbariums across the United States.
Wartime cross-dressers
Many people have engaged in cross-dressing during wartime under various circumstances and for various motives. This has been especially true of women, whether while serving as a soldier in otherwise all-male armies, while protecting themselves or disguising their identity in dangerous circumstances, or for other purposes.

Conversely, men would dress as women to avoid being drafted, the mythological precedent for this being Achilles hiding at the court of Lycomedes dressed as a woman to avoid participation in the Trojan War.

Antonio de Erauso
Antonio de Erauso, born as Catalina de Erauso (San Sebastián, Spain, 1585 or 1592 — Cotaxtla near Orizaba, New Spain, 1650), was best known as a Basque explorer. From the age of 15, the youth dressed and lived as a boy. He went by Alonso Díaz and some other masculine names, later taking on the name Antonio de Erauso, which he used for the remainder of his life. He is also known in Spanish as La Monja Alférez (The Ensign Nun or The Nun Lieutenant).

Sent to a convent as a young child, Erauso never took vows, and escaped the convent in 1600 at age 15. From then on, using mostly male identities, he travelled around Spain. In 1603, he migrated to Spanish America, where he lived and fought in the first half of the century. Erauso's life was the subject of his own autobiography, as well as historical studies, biographies, novels, movies and comics.
Coats Observatory
Coats Observatory is Scotland's oldest public observatory. It is currently closed for refurbishment as part of a 4-year long £42m transformation of the observatory and museum buildings. Located in Oakshaw Street West, Paisley, Renfrewshire, the observatory has been operational since 1 October 1883 and continues to function to this day, offering visitors the opportunity to view the night sky through the powerful telescopes housed within the building. The observatory is currently closed for redevelopment and is due to reopen in 2025.

Public observatory
A public observatory is an astronomical observatory mainly dedicated to public and educational purposes. It is often supported by a municipality, a school or an astronomical  society.

The primary purpose of public observatories is to offer extensive programs for public education in astronomy. A second purpose may be to serve as a center for local hobby astronomers or for interested astro-tourists. Some sites are also engaged in special research programs (e.g., programs focused on meteors or asteroids).

Public observatories are equipped with several optical telescopes that are housed within a dome or similar structure to protect the instruments from the elements. The domes have a slit in the roof that can be opened during observing and closed when the observatory is not in use. Additional equipment may include astronomical clocks, star maps, PCs, digital projectors, and educational material.
Lymphopoiesis
Lymphopoiesis (lĭm'fō-poi-ē'sĭs) (or lymphocytopoiesis) is the generation of lymphocytes, one of the five types of white blood cells (WBCs). It is more formally known as lymphoid hematopoiesis.

Disruption in lymphopoiesis can lead to a number of lymphoproliferative disorders, such as lymphomas and lymphoid leukemias.

Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis (from Ancient Greek  φαγεῖν (phagein) 'to eat' and  κύτος (kytos) 'cell') is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle (≥ 0.5 μm), giving rise to an internal compartment called the phagosome.  It is one type of endocytosis. A cell that performs phagocytosis is called a phagocyte.

In a multicellular organism's immune system, phagocytosis is a major mechanism used to remove pathogens and cell debris. The ingested material is then digested in the phagosome. Bacteria, dead tissue cells, and small mineral particles are all examples of objects that may be phagocytized. Some protozoa use phagocytosis as means to obtain nutrients. The two main cells that do this are the Macrophages and the Neutrophils of the immune system.

Where phagocytosis is used as a means of feeding and provides the organism part or all of its nourishment, it is called phagotrophy and is distinguished from osmotrophy, which is nutrition taking place by absorption.
2020 RPM Open
The 2020 RPM Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was part of the 2020 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place at the TJ Spoje in the Žižkov neighbourhood of Prague, Czech Republic.

2020 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2020 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2020 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 57 tournaments with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $162,480. It was the 43rd edition of challenger tournaments cycle and 12th under the name of Challenger Tour.

The Challenger Tour was suspended between 13 March and 16 August due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Real Betis Baloncesto
Real Betis Baloncesto S.A.D., simply known as  Real Betis, is a professional basketball team based in Seville, Spain. The team last played in the Primera FEB, the second basketball division of the Spanish basketball league system after the Liga ACB. It plays its home games at San Pablo.

EuroCup Basketball All-EuroCup Team
The EuroCup Basketball All-EuroCup Team is an annual award of the secondary level European-wide professional club basketball league, the EuroCup. The EuroCup is the European-wide professional basketball league that is one tier level below the top-tier level EuroLeague. It is an award for the top ten players of each season of the EuroCup. The award began with the 2008–09 season.
Faringdon Community College
Faringdon Community College is an 11 to 18 mixed comprehensive school on the edge of Faringdon, a market town in Oxfordshire, England. The college has a specialist status in Engineering.

Tollington Secondary Modern School moved to the present site in Fernham Road in 1962, and was renamed Faringdon Community College in 2003. In 2012 it became part of the Faringdon Academy of Schools multi-academy trust, with Faringdon Infant School and Faringdon Junior School.

Faringdon
Faringdon /ˈfærɪŋdən/ is a historic market town in the Vale of White Horse, Oxfordshire, England, 18 miles (29 km) south-west of Oxford, 10 miles (16 km) north-west of Wantage and 12 miles (19 km) east-north-east of Swindon. Its views extend to the River Thames in the north and the highest ground visible is on the Ridgeway in the south. Faringdon was Berkshire's westernmost town until the 1974 boundary changes transferred its administration to Oxfordshire. The civil parish is formally known as Great Faringdon, to distinguish it from Little Faringdon in West Oxfordshire. The 2011 Census gave a population of 7,121; it was estimated at 7,992 in 2019. On 1 February 2004, Faringdon became the first place in south-east England to be awarded Fairtrade Town status.
Bibliography of South Dakota history
The following works deal with the cultural, political, economic, military, biographical and geologic history of pre-territorial South Dakota, the southern part of Dakota Territory and the State of South Dakota.

Vermillion, South Dakota
Vermillion (Lakota: Waséoyuze; "The Place Where Vermilion is Obtained") is a city in and the county seat of Clay County. It is in the southeastern corner of South Dakota, United States, and is the state's 12th-most populous city. According to the 2020 census, the population was 11,695. The city lies atop a bluff near the Missouri River.

The area has been home to Native American tribes for centuries. French fur traders first visited in the late 18th century. Vermillion was founded in 1859 and incorporated in 1873. The name refers to the Lakota name: wa sa wak pa'la (red stream). Home to the University of South Dakota, Vermillion has a mixed academic and rural character: the university is a major academic institution for the state, with its only law and medical schools and its only AACSB-accredited business school. Major farm products include corn, soybeans, and alfalfa.
Susuami language
The Susuami language is a heavily endangered Angan language, spoken in the resettlement village of Manki (7°12′13″S 146°32′25″E﻿ / ﻿7.203594°S 146.540389°E﻿ / -7.203594; 146.540389﻿ (Manki)) along the upper Watut River, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.

Angan languages
The Angan or Kratke Range languages are a family of the Trans–New Guinea languages in the classification of Malcolm Ross. The Angan languages are clearly valid as a family. They were first identified as such by J. Lloyd and A. Healey in 1968; Wurm (1975) classified them as Trans–New Guinea. Glottolog treats Angan as a separate or unclassified family, ignoring further evidence.

The languages are spoken in the Kratke Range of Eastern Highlands Province and adjoining areas of Gulf Province and Morobe Province.
Terry Troxell
Terry Troxell (ca 1948 - June 2009) was a hydroplane driver, known best for racing Unlimited Hydroplanes.

Troxell won the 2005 American Power Boat Association Gold Cup driving the Miss Al Deeby Dodge hydroplane.

H1 Unlimited
H1 Unlimited is an American unlimited hydroplane racing league that is sanctioned by the American Power Boat Association (APBA). Until 2009, the series was known as ABRA Unlimited Hydroplane, in turn renamed from APBA Unlimited Hydroplane in 2004. The H1 Unlimited season typically runs from July through September, consisting of five races.

A hydroplane (or hydro, or thunderboat) is a type of motorboat used exclusively for racing. A unique characteristic of hydroplanes is that they only use the water they are on for propulsion and steering and not for flotation—when going at full speed they are primarily held aloft by a principle of fluid dynamics known as "planing," with only a fraction of their hull touching the water.
Nikolai Nazarenko
Nikolai Grigorievich Nazarenko (Russian: Николай Григорьевич Назаренко; 19 December 1911 – 20 November 1992) was a Don Cossack emigre leader who served as president of the World Federation of the Cossack National Liberation Movement of Cossackia and the Cossack American Republican National Federation.

Pyotr Krasnov
Pyotr Nikolayevich Krasnov (Russian: Пётр Николаевич Краснов; 22 September [O.S. 10 September] 1869 – 17 January 1947), also known as Peter Krasnov, was a Russian military leader, writer and later Nazi collaborator.

Krasnov served as a lieutenant general in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I and later led anti-Bolshevik forces during the Russian Civil War, where he served as the ataman of the Don Republic until the Red Army conquered the region following their victory at Tsaritsyn.

After the civil war, he lived in exile. During World War II, Krasnov collaborated with the Germans who mobilized Cossack forces to fight against the Soviet Union in  Operation Barbarossa. Following the end of the war, Krasnov was repatriated and executed by the Soviet authorities.
Thilachium africanum
Thilachium africanum is a species of flowering plant in the family Capparaceae. This shrub or small tree is native to Eswatini, Kenya, KwaZulu-Natal, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, the Northern Provinces, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe.

Northern Provinces
The Northern Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "TVL". It includes the South African provinces of Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Limpopo (Northern Province) and North West, together making up an area slightly larger than the former Transvaal Province.
Eric M. Patashnik
Eric M. Patashnik is an American political scientist, author, professor of public policy and political science at the Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs and Department of Political Science at Brown University.

National Academy of Public Administration (United States)
The National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA) is a national academy of the United States in the field of public administration. As a congressionally-chartered, nonpartisan, and independent entity, its mission is to produce independent research and studies that advance the field of public administration and facilitate the development, adoption, and implementation of solutions to challenges of government administration. NAPA carries out its work outside of the government’s formal structure. It does not receive any direct federal appropriations.

Academy membership comprises scholars, public administrators, and former public officials who are elected as fellows due to their contributions to the field of public administration. As of 2025, there are more than 1,000 fellows.

It is one of two organizations chartered by Congress to support government oversight, along with the National Academy of Sciences.
Peace Rules
Peace Rules (bred and foaled in Florida at Newchance Farm on April 26, 2000), is a multiple Grade I-winning American Thoroughbred race horse. By Jules, a "black type" winner and classic sire in Brazil, Peace Rules' grandsire was Forty Niner, a son of the great sire- producing stallion, Mr. Prospector, a Leading sire in North America.  His dam, Hold To Fashion, has dropped five foals, all winners.

Mr. Prospector
Mr. Prospector (January 28, 1970 – June 1, 1999) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who became an outstanding breeding stallion and notable sire of sires. A sprinter whose career was cut short by repeated injuries, he won seven of his 14 starts, including the Gravesend Handicap at Aqueduct Racetrack and the Whirlaway Handicap at Garden State Park.

Mr. Prospector began his stallion career in Florida as a regional sire. He proved so successful that he was moved to Kentucky where he became a leading sire and later a leading broodmare sire. His descendants have dominated the United States Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing for several decades and his impact on Thoroughbred bloodlines is felt worldwide.
Alhred of Northumbria
Alhred or Alchred was king of Northumbria from 765 to 774. He had married Osgifu, either the daughter of Oswulf, granddaughter of Eadberht Eating, or Eadberht's daughter, and was thus related by marriage to Ecgbert, Archbishop of York. A genealogy survives which makes Alhred a descendant of Ida of Bernicia through a son named Eadric.

Ida of Bernicia
Ida (/ˈaɪdə/; died c. 559) is the first known king of the Anglian kingdom of Bernicia, which he ruled from around 547 until his death in 559. Little is known of his life or reign, but he was regarded as the founder of a line from which later Angle kings in this part of central Great Britain claimed descent. His descendants overcame Brittonic resistance and ultimately founded the powerful kingdom of Northumbria.
2024–25 Albany Great Danes men's basketball team
The 2024–25 Albany Great Danes men's basketball team represented the University at Albany, SUNY during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Great Danes, led by fourth-year head coach Dwayne Killings, played their home games at the Broadview Center in Albany, New York as members of the America East Conference.

The Great Danes finished the season 17–16, 8–8 in America East play, to finish in fourth place. In the America East tournament, they defeated Binghamton in the quarterfinals before being eliminated by Bryant in the semifinals.

2024–25 Binghamton Bearcats men's basketball team
The 2024–25 Binghamton Bearcats men's basketball team represented Binghamton University during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bearcats, led by fourth-year head coach Levell Sanders, played their home games on Dr. Bai Lee Court in Binghamton University Events Center in Vestal, New York as members of the America East Conference.
Panzer General II
Panzer General II is a computer wargame by Strategic Simulations, Inc. Released October 15, 1997, Panzer General II is the sixth SSI game in the Panzer General series and the first in the "Living Battlefield" series. It takes place during World War II, covering events from the Spanish Civil War in 1938 to hypothetical battles in 1946. In the April 2000 issue of the magazine PC Gamer, it was voted the 44th best computer game of all time, and the highest rating in the Panzer General series. The game was re-released in 2010 on GOG.com.

Computer wargame
A computer wargame is a wargame played on a digital device. Descended from board wargaming, it simulates military conflict at the tactical, operational or strategic level. Computer wargames are both sold commercially for recreational use and, in some cases, used for military purposes.
Derrick Frost
Derrick E. Frost (born November 25, 1980) is an American former professional football player who was a punter in the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Philadelphia Eagles as an undrafted free agent in 2003.  He played college football for the Northern Iowa Panthers.

Frost was also a member of the Baltimore Ravens, Cleveland Browns, Washington Redskins, Green Bay Packers, and California Redwoods.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.