hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fung Ting Court
Fung Ting Court (Chinese: 鳳庭苑) is a Home Ownership Scheme court developed by the Hong Kong Housing Authority in Yuen Long Town, New Territories, Hong Kong near Fung Kam Street Sports Centre. Formerly the site of Yuen Long Factory Estate (Chinese: 元朗工廠大廈), the factory estate was built by the Resettlement Department in 1966, in order to relocate squatter factories and cottage workshops. In 1973, the management of the estate was taken over by the Hong Kong Housing Authority. In 1997, the clearance of the estate was completed. In 2001, two small blocks were built in the site.

Hong Kong Housing Authority
The Hong Kong Housing Authority (HA) is the main provider of public housing in Hong Kong. It was established in April 1973 under the Housing Ordinance and is an agency of the Government of Hong Kong. In the same year, the Resettlement Department and the Building Section of the Urban Services Department were merged to form the Housing Department, which acts as the Housing Authority's executive body.
Jukka Tapanimäki
Jukka Tapanimäki (11 August 1961 – 1 May 2000) was a Finnish game programmer from Tampere, Pirkanmaa. Tapanimäki wrote his games for the Commodore 64 computer, and many have been ported to other computer systems. Tapanimäki was a reviewer for MikroBitti and "C" computer magazines; and a freelance writer of advanced-level computer programming articles. He also published a book called C-64 Pelintekijän Opas (or "C-64 Game Maker's Guide") in 1990.

Video game programmer
A game programmer is a software engineer, programmer, or computer scientist who primarily develops codebases for video games or related software, such as game development tools. Game programming has many specialized disciplines, all of which fall under the umbrella term of "game programmer". A game programmer should not be confused with a game designer, who works on game design.
Black people in Cambridge
The history of black people in Cambridge, UK cannot easily be separated from the history of the University of Cambridge. The university has attracted students from Africa and the African diaspora to the town of Cambridge for more than two centuries. Several notable black people had a Cambridge association in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and at the end of the eighteenth century Cambridge became a centre of abolitionist sentiment. From the end of the nineteenth century the university started to admit black students in larger numbers. In recent decades, however, the relatively low number of black students admitted to the university has become a topic of media comment and public concern.

The lives of Cambridge-born black people are less fully documented than those of Cambridge students. In the 2011 census 1.7% of people were Black British, and 1.0% of mixed ethnicity with black ancestry.

Black History Month
Black History Month is an annually observed commemorative month originating in the United States, where it is also known as African-American History Month. It began as a way of remembering important people and events in African-American history, before it spread to other countries where it could celebrate black people worldwide. It initially lasted a week before becoming a month-long observation since 1970. It is celebrated in February in the United States and Canada, where it has received official recognition from governments, and more recently has also been celebrated in Ireland and the United Kingdom where it is observed in October.
Shot put at the Olympics
The shot put at the Summer Olympics is one of four track and field throwing events held at the multi-sport event. The men's shot put has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since 1896 (one of two throws events at the first Olympics, alongside the discus). The women's event was added to the programme at the 1948 Olympics just over fifty years later.

The Olympic record for the women's event was set by the East German Ilona Slupianek with a put of 22.41 m (73 ft 6+1⁄4 in) in 1980, and the record for the men's event of 23.30 m (76 ft 5+1⁄4 in) was set by the American Ryan Crouser in 2021.

Two variations on the event have been contested at the Olympics: a two-handed competition at the 1912 Stockholm Olympics, with athletes using both left and right arm putting techniques, and a stone throw at the 1906 Intercalated Games.

Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's two-handed shot put
The men's two handed shot put was a track and field athletics event held as part of the Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme.  It was the only appearance of the event at the Olympics, along with the other two handed throws.  The format of the event was such that each thrower threw the shot three times with his right hand and three times with his left hand.  The best distance with each hand was summed to give a total.  The three finalists received three more throws with each hand. The competition was held on Thursday, July 11, 1912. Seven shot putters from five nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes.
Spectral line shape
Spectral line shape or spectral line profile describes the form of an electromagnetic spectrum in the vicinity of a spectral line – a region of stronger or weaker intensity in the spectrum. Ideal line shapes include Lorentzian, Gaussian and Voigt functions, whose parameters are the line position, maximum height and half-width. Actual line shapes are determined principally by Doppler, collision and proximity broadening. For each system the half-width of the shape function varies with temperature, pressure (or concentration) and phase. A knowledge of shape function is needed for spectroscopic curve fitting and deconvolution.

Spectral resolution
The spectral resolution  of a spectrograph, or, more generally, of a frequency spectrum, is a measure of its ability to resolve features in the electromagnetic spectrum.  It is usually denoted by , and is closely related to the resolving power of the spectrograph, defined as

where  is the smallest difference in wavelengths that can be distinguished at a wavelength of . For example, the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) can distinguish features 0.17 nm apart at a wavelength of 1000 nm, giving it a resolution of 0.17 nm and a resolving power of about 5,900. An example of a high resolution spectrograph is the Cryogenic High-Resolution IR Echelle Spectrograph (CRIRES+) installed at ESO's Very Large Telescope, which has a spectral resolving power of up to 100,000.
Non-receptor tyrosine kinase
A non-receptor tyrosine kinase (nRTK) is a cytosolic enzyme that is responsible for catalysing the transfer of a phosphate group from a nucleoside triphosphate donor, such as ATP, to tyrosine residues in proteins. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases are a subgroup of protein family tyrosine kinases, enzymes that can transfer the phosphate group from ATP to a tyrosine residue of a protein (phosphorylation). These enzymes regulate many cellular functions by switching on or switching off other enzymes in a cell.

Unlike the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), the second subgroup of tyrosine kinases, the non-receptor tyrosine kinases are cytosolic enzymes. Thirty-two non-receptor tyrosine kinases have been identified in human cells (EC 2.7.10.2). Non-receptor tyrosine kinases regulate cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration and apoptosis, and they are critical components in the regulation of the immune system.

ABL (gene)
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 also known as ABL1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ABL1 gene (previous symbol ABL) located on chromosome 9. c-Abl is sometimes used to refer to the version of the gene found within the mammalian genome, while v-Abl refers to the viral gene, which was initially isolated from the Abelson murine leukemia virus.
Sweetwater Swatters
The Sweetwater Swatters were a West Texas League (1920-1922) and Longhorn League (1949-1951) baseball team based in Sweetwater, Texas, United States. They began as the Gorman Buddies in 1920, however they moved to Sweetwater partway through the season.

Multiple major league baseball players spent time either player for or managing the team, including Guy Sturdy, Dick Gyselman, John Bottarini, Fred Besana, Pop-Boy Smith and Joe Bratcher.

Sweetwater, Texas
Sweetwater is a municipality in and the county seat of Nolan County, Texas, United States. It is 123 miles southeast of Lubbock and 40 miles west of Abilene. Its population was 10,622 at the 2020 census.
Murk Esk
The Murk Esk is a small river in the North York Moors, North Yorkshire, England. It is a tributary of the River Esk, which flows into the North Sea at Whitby. Mapping shows the river starting at Beck Hole at the confluence of West Beck and Eller Beck, though the watercourses in the upper reaches are sometimes labelled as being Murk Esk.

River Esk, North Yorkshire
The River Esk is a river in North Yorkshire, England that empties into the North Sea at Whitby after a course of around 28 miles (45 km) through Eskdale. The name of the river is derived from the Brythonic word ‘isca’ meaning ‘water’. The Esk is the only major river in Yorkshire that flows direct into the North Sea; all other watercourses defined as being major rivers by the Environment Agency flow into the North Sea via the River Tees or the Humber Estuary.
Motherway Island
Motherway Island is a small rocky island about 0.2 nautical miles (0.4 km) north of Peterson Island, near the south end of the Windmill Islands of Antarctica. It was first mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Paul T. Motherway, a member of one of the two Operation Windmill photographic units which obtained aerial and ground photographic coverage of this area in January 1948.

Peterson Island
Peterson Island is a rocky island, 3.5 km (2.2 mi) long, with two inlets indenting the north side, lying west of, and separated by a narrow channel 200-400 m wide from, the Browning Peninsula, in the southern part of the Windmill Islands on the Budd Coast of Wilkes Land, Antarctica.
A Nation Under Our Feet
A Nation Under Our Feet: Black Political Struggles in the Rural South from Slavery to the Great Migration is a Pulitzer Prize–winning book written in 2003 by Steven Hahn. The book is a history of the changing nature of African-American political power in the United States spanning six decades from around the end of the American Civil War to the Great Migration, when more than a million African Americans left the Southern United States for the Northern United States between about 1915 and 1930. It received the 2004 Pulitzer Prize for History, the Bancroft Prize from Columbia University, and the Merle Curti Award in Social History from the Organization of American Historians.

Merle Curti Award
The Merle Curti Award is awarded annually by the Organization of American Historians for the best book in American social and/or American intellectual history. It is named in honor of Merle Curti (1897–1996). A committee of 5 members of the Organization of American Historians chooses the winners from published monographs submitted by the author(s). Committee members represent the entire spectrum of American history and serve a one-year term. Beginning with the awards of 2004, the Committee may select 1 book "winner" in American intellectual history, 1 book "winner" in American social history, and may list other "finalists" in each field. "Winners" split a $1000 cash award.  Although not explicitly stated, "American" refers to the "United States of America" alone.

2025 Laura E. Helton / Trish Kahle
Compaq Presario
Presario is a discontinued line of consumer-oriented personal computers originally produced by Compaq and later by Hewlett-Packard following the 2002 merger. Introduced in 1993, Compaq has used the name for desktops, laptops, all-in-ones and monitors for home and home office use.

After acquiring Compaq in 2002, HP sold both HP- and Compaq-branded machines under the Pavilion and Presario names respectively from 2002 to 2013.

Athlon
AMD Athlon is the brand name applied to a series of x86-compatible microprocessors designed and manufactured by Advanced Micro Devices. The original Athlon (now called Athlon Classic) was the first seventh-generation x86 processor and the first desktop processor to reach speeds of one gigahertz (GHz). It made its debut as AMD's high-end processor brand on June 23, 1999. Over the years AMD has used the Athlon name with the 64-bit Athlon 64 architecture, the Athlon II, and Accelerated Processing Unit (APU) chips targeting the Socket AM1 desktop SoC architecture, and Socket AM4 Zen (microarchitecture). The modern Zen-based Athlon with a Radeon Graphics processor was introduced in 2019 as AMD's highest-performance entry-level processor.
József Márkus
József Márkus (16 August 1852 – 11 March 1915) was a Hungarian journalist and councillor, who served as Mayor (1896–1897), then Lord Mayor of Budapest (1897–1906). He was also a Member of Parliament from 1910 until his death.

Mayor of Budapest
The Mayor of Budapest (Hungarian: Budapest főpolgármestere, officially Lord Mayor of the Municipality of Budapest, pronounced [ˈbudɒpɛʃt ˈføːpolɡaːrmɛʃtɛrɛ]) is the head of the General Assembly in Budapest, Hungary, elected directly for 5-year term since 2014 (previously municipal elections were held quadrennially). Until 1994 the mayor was elected by the General Assembly. The office was called Chairman of the Council of Budapest (Hungarian: Budapest tanácselnöke) between 1950 and 1990, during the Communist period.

Since 1990, the position is domestically known as Lord Mayor (Hungarian: főpolgármester) to distinguish the office from that of the mayors that lead each of Budapest's 23 districts. Between 1873 and 1945, the Lord Mayor of Budapest was representative of the Hungarian government as head of the capital's municipal authority, similarly to the Lord-Lieutenants of Counties.
Amanat (2021 TV series)
Amanat (meaning trust or fidelity in Urdu) is a 2021 Pakistani television series produced by Samina Humayun Saeed and Sana Shahnawaz under the banner of Next Level Entertainment in collaboration with Six Sigma Plus. It features Imran Abbas, Urwa Hocane, and Saboor Aly in lead roles and Haroon Shahid, Srha Asghar and Gohar Rasheed in supporting roles. It airs weekly on ARY Digital starting from its premier on 21 September 2021 till 26 April 2022.

Aakhir Kab Tak
Aakhir Kab Tak (transl. Until when?) is a Pakistani drama television series that aired weekly on Hum TV in 2021. Directed by Syed Ali Raza Usama, the series is produced by Moomal Shunaid under her banner production, Moomal Productions. It stars Ushna Shah, Srha Asghar, Javeria Abbasi, Adeel Hussain, Azfar Rehman and Haroon Shahid in the lead roles. Aakir Kab Tak revolves around the journey of women of a patriarchal household where they got their due after facing verbal, marital and sexual abuse.

The series earned critical acclaim due to its script, direction and performances, especially of Asghar's performance.
Avia, Messenia
Avia (Greek: Αβία, Ancient Greek: ἡ Ἀβία) is a village and a former municipality in Messenia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality West Mani, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 179.828 km2. The seat of the municipality was in Kampos. Avia is a popular tourist destination. It also has a large olive production. Avia is situated on the east coast of the Messenian Gulf, southeast of Kalamata, southwest of Sparta and northwest of Kardamyli.

Kalamata
Kalamata (Greek: Καλαμάτα [kalaˈmata]) is the second most populous city of the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece after Patras, and the largest city of the homonymous administrative region. As the capital and chief port of the Messenia regional unit, it lies along the Nedon River at the head of the Messenian Gulf.

The 2021 census recorded 72,906 inhabitants for the wider Kalamata Municipality, of which 66,135 resided in the municipal unit of Kalamata, and 58,816 in the city proper. Kalamata is renowned as the land of the Kalamatianos dance, Kalamata olives and Kalamata olive oil.
Employers' organization
An employers' organization or employers' association is a collective organization of manufacturers, retailers, or other employers of wage labor. Employers' organizations seek to coordinate the behavior of their member companies in matters of mutual interest, such as during negotiations with trade unions or government bodies. Employers' organizations operate like trade unions and promote the economic and social interests of its member organizations.

Wage labour
Wage labour (also wage labor in American English), usually referred to as paid work, paid employment, or paid labour, refers to the socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer in which the worker sells their labour power under a formal or informal employment contract. These transactions usually occur in a labour market where wages or salaries are market-determined. Wage labor is a service in standard economic theory.

In exchange for the money paid as wages (usual for short-term work-contracts) or salaries (in permanent employment contracts), the work product generally becomes the undifferentiated property of the employer. A wage labourer is a person whose primary means of income is from the selling of their labour in this way.
Fractional ideal
In mathematics, in particular commutative algebra, the concept of fractional ideal is introduced in the context of integral domains and is particularly fruitful in the study of Dedekind domains. In some sense, fractional ideals of an integral domain are like ideals where denominators are allowed. In contexts where fractional ideals and ordinary ring ideals are both under discussion, the latter are sometimes termed integral ideals for clarity.

Spectrum of a ring
In commutative algebra, the prime spectrum (or simply the spectrum) of a commutative ring  is the set of all prime ideals of , and is usually denoted by ; in algebraic geometry it is simultaneously a topological space equipped with a sheaf of rings.
Leroy Lowe
Leroy James Lowe (born May 22, 1963) is a Canadian biologist best known for his "Low Dose Theory of Carcinogenesis", the "Broad-spectrum approach to Cancer Therapy", and for his efforts to define "The Human Affectome" in the field of neuroscience. He is the Co-Founder and President of Getting to Know Cancer, the Founder and President of Neuroqualia, and a faculty member at the International Business at the Nova Scotia Community College.

Saint Mary's University (Halifax)
Saint Mary's University (SMU) is a public university located in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The school is best known for having nationally leading programs in business and chemistry. The campus is situated in Halifax's South End and covers approximately 32 hectares (79 acres).
Herb Sturz
Herbert Jay Sturz (December 31, 1930 – June 10, 2021) was an American social justice advocate. Sturz had a broad impact on public policy, especially in New York City. He was: chairman of the New York City Planning Commission; New York City deputy mayor for criminal justice; and a New York Times editorial board member. He was the founding director of the Vera Institute of Justice and a 12-year board member for George Soros's Open Society Foundations. In 1976 Sturz received the Rockefeller Public Service Award at the White House.

Robert F. Wagner Jr.
Robert Ferdinand Wagner II (April 20, 1910 – February 12, 1991) was an American diplomat and politician who served three terms as mayor of New York City, from 1954 to 1965. When running for his third term, he broke with the Tammany Hall leadership, ending the clubhouse's reign in city politics. He also served as United States Ambassador to Spain and in a number of other offices.
Fred Mulders
Freerk Johannes Mulders (Amsterdam, 1911 – Mexico City, 1960), also known as Freek, Frederic or Fred Mulders, was a Dutch guitar player and journalist. He was also a brigadist in the Spanish Civil War, member of the Dutch resistance, and victim of McCarthyism. Mulders introduced the flamenco guitar in the Netherlands, performed in the San Francisco Bay Area, and recorded Mexican indigenous music in the 1950s.

Andrés Segovia
Andrés Segovia Torres, 1st Marquis of Salobreña (21 February 1893 – 2 June 1987), was a Spanish virtuoso classical guitarist. Many professional classical guitarists were either students of Segovia or students of Segovia's students.
Segovia's contribution to the modern-romantic repertoire included not only commissions but also his own transcriptions of classical or baroque works. He is remembered for his expressive performances: his wide palette of tone, and his distinctive musical personality, phrasing and style.
Deloncle Bay
Deloncle Bay (65°5′S 63°56′W﻿ / ﻿65.083°S 63.933°W﻿ / -65.083; -63.933) is a bay, 1.5 nautical miles (3 km) long, indenting the northwest coast of Kyiv Peninsula in Graham Land between Loubat Point and Glandaz Point, and opening on Lemaire Channel opposite Booth Island. It was discovered by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99. Recharted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, it was named by Jean-Baptiste Charcot for François Deloncle, a French diplomat.

Kyiv Peninsula
Kyiv Peninsula (Ukrainian: півострів Київ, IPA: [piˈwɔst⁽ʲ⁾r⁽ʲ⁾iu̯ ˈkɪjiu̯]) is the predominantly ice-covered, oval shaped peninsula projecting 35 km in northwest direction from the west side of Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula. It is bounded by Flandres Bay to the northeast and Beascochea Bay to the southwest, and separated from Wilhelm Archipelago to the northwest by Lemaire Channel and Penola Strait. The peninsula's north extremity Cape Renard divides Graham Coast to the southwest from Danco Coast to the northeast. Mount Tranchant and Mount Demaria are found on the west coast of the peninsula.
Jindalee Operational Radar Network
The Jindalee Operational Radar Network (JORN) is an over-the-horizon radar (OHR) network operated by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) that can monitor air and sea movements across 37,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi). It has a normal operating range of 1,000–3,000 kilometres (620–1,860 mi). The network is used in the defence of Australia, and can also monitor maritime operations, wave heights, and wind directions.

JORN's main ground stations comprise a control centre, known as the JORN Coordination Centre (JCC), at RAAF Base Edinburgh in South Australia and three transmission stations: Radar 1 near Longreach, Queensland, Radar 2 near Laverton, Western Australia and Radar 3 near Alice Springs, Northern Territory.

Ionosonde
An ionosonde, or chirpsounder, is a special radar for the examination of the ionosphere. The basic ionosonde technology was invented in 1925 by Gregory Breit and Merle A. Tuve and further developed in the late 1920s by a number of prominent physicists, including Edward Victor Appleton. The term ionosphere and hence, the etymology of its derivatives, was proposed by Robert Watson-Watt.