hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Sea Scouting (Scouting Ireland)
Sea Scouting (Irish: Gasógaíacht Mhara) has existed in Scouting Ireland and its predecessor associations since 1912. Sea Scout Groups are members of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) through their membership of Scouting Ireland. Sea Scouting provides Scout training with and through water-borne activities.

Sea Scout
Sea Scouts are a part of the Scout movement, with a particular emphasis on boating and other water-based activities on the sea, rivers or lakes (canoeing, rafting, scuba, sailboarding). Sea Scouts can provide a chance to sail, cruise on boats, learn navigation, learn how to work on engines and compete in regattas. Sea Scouts often have distinctive uniforms. In some countries or Scout organisations, Sea Scouting is a programme just for older Scouts. Sea scouts is also the 2nd oldest scout branch.
Deaths in October 1993
The following is a list of notable deaths in October 1993.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

New York Americans
The New York Americans, colloquially known as the Amerks, were a professional ice hockey team based in New York City from 1925 to 1942. They were the third expansion team in the history of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the second to play in the United States. The team never won the Stanley Cup, but reached the semifinals twice. While it was the first team in New York City, it was eclipsed by the second, the New York Rangers, which arrived in 1926 under the ownership of the Amerks' landlord, Madison Square Garden. The team played as the Brooklyn Americans during the 1941–42 season before suspending operations in 1942 due to World War II and long-standing financial difficulties. The demise of the club marked the beginning of the NHL's Original Six era from 1942 to 1967, though the Amerks' franchise was not formally canceled until 1946. The team's overall regular season record was 255–402–127.
1925 Indiana Hoosiers football team
The 1925 Indiana Hoosiers football team represented the Indiana Hoosiers in the 1925 Big Ten Conference football season. The Hoosiers played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Bloomington, Indiana. The team was coached by Bill Ingram, in his third and final year as head coach.

The first game in the new Memorial Stadium was an October 3, 1925, victory over Indiana State. The dedication game occurred later in the season against Purdue.

Tenth Street Stadium
Tenth Street Stadium was a stadium in Bloomington, Indiana, United States. Originally named Memorial Stadium, it was primarily used for college football, and was the home field of the Indiana University football team between 1925 and 1959, prior to the opening of the new Memorial Stadium. The stadium held 20,000 people and was built in 1925. It replaced Jordan Field which had been the home field for the program since 1887. The stadium was renamed Tenth Street Stadium in 1971. It was later used to host the Little 500 and was used in the 1979 movie Breaking Away. The stadium was demolished in 1982 and the site on which it once stood is now a green space and recreation fields in the center of campus known as the Arboretum.
Rocherlea, Tasmania
Rocherlea is a residential locality in the local government area (LGA) of Launceston in the Launceston LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) north of the town of Launceston. The 2016 census recorded a population of 1081 for the state suburb of Rocherlea.
It is a northern suburb of Launceston, about ten minutes drive from the Launceston CBD and on the way to Lilydale. It has a community centre, church and op shop.

Lilydale, Tasmania
Lilydale, originally known as Upper Piper, is a small town in northern Tasmania, Australia. The town is 28 kilometres (17 mi) northeast of Launceston and is a part of the Launceston municipality, except for about 4% which is in the Dorset LGA. It is located near Mount Arthur. At the 2016 census, Lilydale had a population of 277.  The town's notable attractions include the Lilydale Falls, two small waterfalls, Mount Arthur, and, along the main street, a series of telegraph poles painted with murals.
Najwa Massad
Najwa Melhem Massad, née Chalhoub (born September 20, 1955) is a Lebanese-American business woman and politician serving as the 46th mayor of the city of Mankato, Minnesota, since 2018. Massad has been a restaurateur and caterer since the late 1970s in both Lebanon and the United States. She is the first female mayor of Mankato, its first first-generation American mayor as well as its second mayor of Lebanese origin, after Herb Mocol (1975-1986).

Lebanese Americans
Lebanese Americans (Arabic: أميركيون لبنانيون, romanized: Amrīkiyyūn Lubnāniyyūn) are Americans of Lebanese descent. This includes both native-born Americans and immigrants from Lebanon.

Lebanese Americans comprise 0.79% of the American population, as of the American Community Survey estimations for year 2007, and 32.4% of all Americans who originate from the Middle East. Lebanese Americans have had significant participation in American politics and involvement in both social and political activism.  The diversity within the region sprouted from the diaspora of the surrounding countries. There are more Lebanese outside Lebanon today than within.
Wayne van Heerden
Wayne van Heerden (born 29 March 1979) is a former South African rugby union player, who played mainly as a flanker for the majority of his career before becoming a lock towards the end of his career. He made in excess of 200 first class appearances and retired from professional rugby at the end of the 2013 season.

He currently plays amateur club rugby for Eastern Province Grand Challenge side Port Elizabeth Police.

2010–11 Top League
The 2010–11 Top League was the eighth season of Japan's domestic rugby union competition, the Top League. The Sanyo Wild Knights defeated Suntory Sungoliath 28-23 in the final of the Microsoft Cup to claim their first Top League title.

The Top League is a semi-professional competition which is at the top of the national league system in Japan, with promotion and relegation between the next level down.
Shameless season 6
The sixth season of Shameless, an American comedy-drama television series based on the British series of the same name by Paul Abbott, premiered on January 10, 2016 and concluded on April 3, 2016. Executive producers are John Wells, Andrew Stearn, Nancy M. Pimental, Davey Holmes, Christopher Chulack, Krista Vernoff and producers Terri Murphy and Princess Nash.

Shameless (British TV series)
Shameless is a British comedy drama television programme created and executive produced by Paul Abbott. Set in Manchester on the fictional Chatsworth council estate, the show revolves around the dysfunctional working-class Gallagher family (Frank, Fiona, Lip, Ian, Carl, Debbie, and Liam), depicting and commenting on English working-class life and culture. Produced by Company Pictures, the show aired on Channel 4 from 2004 to 2013 for eleven series and 139 episodes.

Shameless was praised by the British media, including the newspaper The Sun and Newsnight Review on BBC Two. In 2005, the show won Best Drama Series at the BAFTA TV Awards and Best TV Comedy Drama at the British Comedy Awards. An American adaptation of Shameless aired on Showtime from 9 January 2011 to 11 April 2021.
Moses Carleton House
The Moses Carlton House is a historic house on Hollywood Boulevard in Alna, Maine.  Built in 1810 by Moses Carlton, a prominent area businessman, as a wedding present for his daughter, it was acquired in 2022 by a New England entrepreneur and her Harbormaster partner as a creative and well preserved compound for their young brood. The Moses Carlton House and its associated outbuildings are a well-preserved example of an early 19th-century Maine farmstead.  The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Alna, Maine
Alna is a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States. The population was 710 at the 2020 census. Alna is home to the Wiscasset, Waterville and Farmington Railway Museum and is noted for its historic architecture, including the early mill village of Head Tide.
South America air forces maneuvers
The South American air forces performs several joint aerial combat training exercises. Among the more important are CRUZEX (Portuguese: Exercício Cruzeiro do Sul) which is hosted by the Brazilian Air Force, salitre (English: Saltpeter) hosted by the Chilean Air Force and ceibo (English: Erythrina crista-galli flower) hosted by the Argentine Air Force. The goal is to train together in order to respond to a crisis or integrate into United Nations peacekeeping operations as a unified team; the United States Air Force and the Royal Canadian Air Force have also participated in some of these exercises in recent years.

The exercises include combat search and rescue, aerial refueling and combined air operations center training opportunities focused on interoperability.

Argentine Air Force
The Argentine Air Force (Spanish: Fuerza Aérea Argentina, or simply FAA) is the air force of Argentina and one of three branches of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic. In 2018, it had 13,837 military and 6,900 civilian personnel. FAA commander in chief is Brigadier Gustavo Valverde.
Dennis Tutty
Dennis Tutty is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer and coach in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition who also represented for Australia. He was also a champion rower for New South Wales and won a national title in 1965. In the 1970s, Tutty won a landmark court case which removed trade restraints on rugby league players. Tutty primarily played at lock.

Tutty is the brother of Olympian sculler Ian Tutty and cousin of Australian rugby league international Reg Gasnier.

Balmain Tigers
The Balmain Tigers (also known as the Sydney Tigers from 1995 to 1996) are a rugby league club based in the inner-western Sydney suburb of Balmain. They were a founding member of the New South Wales Rugby League and one of the most successful in the history of the premiership, with eleven titles. In 1999 they formed a joint venture club with the Western Suburbs Magpies club to form the Wests Tigers for competition in the National Rugby League (NRL). They no longer field any senior teams in the lower divisions. At the time of the joint venture only South Sydney Rabbitohs and the St George Dragons had won more titles than the Tigers.

The club's home grounds are at present Leichhardt Oval, in Lilyfield, and T.G Milner Sportsground, in Marsfield.
Johann Balthasar Schupp
Johann Balthasar Schupp (1 March 1610 – 26 October 1661) was a German satirical author and a writer of Christian lyrics. After 1654, his having switched mid-career to a position as a high-profile Lutheran pastor, the content and populist approach of Schupp's sermons and of the printed pamphlets which he now started to publish brought him into increasingly acrimonious conflict with Hamburg's (relatively) conservative church establishment.

Much of his later written work appeared under a succession of pseudonyms.  These included Antenor, Philandron, Ehrnhold, Philanderson, Mellilambius and Ambrosius.

St. James' Church, Hamburg
St. James' Church (German: Hauptkirche St. Jacobi) is one of the five principal churches (Hauptkirchen) of Hamburg. In 1529, it became a Lutheran church. It is located directly in the city centre, has a 125 m-tall (410 ft) tower and features a famous organ by Arp Schnitger from 1693. It is dedicated to St James the Greater and often incorrectly referred to in English as St Jacob's.
Caspar Wever
Caspar Willis Wever (1786 – February 7, 1861), also spelled Casper W. Wever, was an American construction superintendent and surveyor associated with early United States internal improvements. He supervised National Road construction west of the Ohio River between Bridgeport and Zanesville (1825–1829) and later oversaw early works on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O), including the Carrollton Viaduct and early main-line structures. He helped promote the industrial village of Weverton, Maryland, and served one term in the Maryland House of Delegates in 1821.

Jonathan Knight (railroader)
Jonathan Knight (November 22, 1787 – November 22, 1858) was an American civil engineer and politician who served as an Opposition Party member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district from 1855 to 1857.  He also served as a member of the Pennsylvania Senate for the 20th district from 1822 to 1828.  He was a civil engineer who worked on the National Road and as the first chief engineer of B&O Railroad.
JoWonder
JoWonder, born Joanna Woodward, is a para-disciplinary artist, her work incluides avant-garde stopmotion animator, performance artist and poetry. They are noted for being from a generation of British avant-garde animators such as Brothers Quay and Phil Mulloy.

Their work brings concepts from postmodern literature, the surrealist movement, and contemporary art to cinema. Their films, which use collage, puppets, textured painting, and text, provide a counterpoint between the metaphysical and the playful. Lilliputian characters are often introduced to an apocalyptic realm ruled by giants. Jo's work combines: their own literature, religious, political, fairy-tale, and scientific themes using satire and symbolism.

Phil Mulloy
Phil Mulloy (29 August 1948 – 10 July 2025) was a British and Irish animator. He worked as a screenwriter and director of live-action films until the late 1980s before becoming an animator. His animations have been described as "satirical grotesque" and often portray the dark side of human nature and contemporary social, political, and religious values in a humorous and at times, shocking way. His visual style is distinctive in its use of primitive, often skeletal figures and minimalist backgrounds. Mulloy made over 30 animated films, many of which are in themed groupings based on Hollywood genres. He won many international awards for his work and conducted workshops to mentor young animators.
Inessive case
In grammar, the inessive case (abbreviated INE; from Latin: inesse "to be in or at") is a locative grammatical case.  This case carries the basic meaning of "in": for example, "in the house" is talo·ssa in Finnish, maja·s in Estonian, куд·са (kud·sa) in Moksha, etxea·n in Basque, nam·e in Lithuanian, sāt·ā in Latgalian and ház·ban in Hungarian.

In Finnish the inessive case is typically formed by adding -ssa/-ssä.  Estonian adds -s to the genitive stem. In Moksha -са (-sa) is added (in Erzya -со (-so)).  In Hungarian, the suffix ban/ben is most commonly used for inessive case, although many others, such as on/en/ön and others are also used, especially with cities.

In the Finnish language, the inessive case is considered the first (in Estonian the second) of the six locative cases, which correspond to locational prepositions in English.  The remaining five cases are:

Elative case ("out of")

Illative case ("into")

Allative case ("onto")

Adessive case ("on")

Ablative case ("from")

Ablative case
In grammar, the ablative case (pronounced /ˈæblətɪv/ AB-lə-tiv; abbreviated abl) is a grammatical case for nouns, pronouns, and adjectives in the grammars of various languages. It is used to indicate motion away from something. In different languages it can additionally serve various other purposes, e.g., to make comparisons (in Armenian). The word "ablative" derives from the Latin ablatus, the (suppletive) perfect, passive participle of auferre "to carry away".

The ablative case is found in several language families, such as Indo-European (e.g. Sanskrit, Latin, Albanian, Armenian,  Punjabi), Turkic (e.g. Turkish, Turkmen, Azerbaijani, Uzbek, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tatar), Tungusic (e.g. Manchu, Evenki), Uralic (e.g. Hungarian), and the Dravidian languages. There is no ablative case in modern Germanic languages such as German and English. There was an ablative case in the early stages of Ancient Greek, but it quickly fell into disuse by the classical period.
Erith and District Hospital
Erith and District Hospital is a hospital in Erith in the London Borough of Bexley. Its former X-Ray Department, which is located underground, is a Grade II listed building. The Hurley Group manage the Urgent Care Centre and have done so since October 2014.

Erith
Erith (/ˈɪərɪθ/ ⓘ) is an area in south-east London, England, 13.3 miles (21.4 km) east of Charing Cross. Before the creation of Greater London in 1965, it was in the historical county of Kent. Since 1965, it has formed part of the London Borough of Bexley. It lies north-east of Bexleyheath and north-west of Dartford, on the south bank of the River Thames.

The town centre has been modernised with further dwellings added since 1961. The curved riverside high street has three listed buildings, including the Church of England church and the Carnegie Building. Erith otherwise consists mainly of suburban housing. It is linked to central London and Kent by rail and to Thamesmead by a dual carriageway. It has the longest pier in London, and retains a coastal environment with salt marshes alongside industrial land.
Morphetts Flat, South Australia
Morphetts Flat is a locality on the right bank of the Murray River downstream of Morgan in South Australia. It lies on low flat land along the inside of a long right-hand bend in the river. The locality is dominated by shack sites and houseboats. It includes a slipway used for servicing and maintenance of houseboats. Evidence that the locality is used for holiday accommodation is shown in the 2016 census when there were only 3 residents (all female) but 31 private dwellings recorded.

Morgan, South Australia
Morgan is a town in South Australia on the right bank of the Murray River, just downstream of where it turns from flowing roughly westwards to roughly southwards. It is about 161 kilometres (100 mi) north east of Adelaide, and about 315 kilometres (196 mi) upstream of the Murray Mouth.
Sitaram Chaturvedi
Pt. Sitaram Chaturvedi (27 January 1907 – 17 February 2005), also known as Acharya Sita Ram Chaturvedi, was an eminent Indian educator, dramatist and scholar of Hindi and Sanskrit language and literature.

Kalidasa
Kālidāsa (Sanskrit: कालिदास, "Servant of Kali"; 4th–5th century CE) was a Classical Sanskrit author who is often considered ancient India's greatest poet and playwright. His plays and poetry are primarily based on Hindu Puranas and philosophy.  His surviving works consist of three plays, two epic poems and two shorter poems.

Much about his life is unknown except what can be inferred from his poetry and plays. His works cannot be dated with precision, but they were most likely authored before the 5th century CE during the Gupta era. Kalidas is mentioned as one of the seven Brahma avatars in Dasam Granth, written by Guru Gobind Singh.
Lequio Berria
Lequio Berria is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Turin and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 542 and an area of 11.9 square kilometres (4.6 sq mi).

Lequio Berria borders the following municipalities: Albaretto della Torre, Arguello, Benevello, Borgomale, Bosia, Cravanzana, and Rodello.

Cuneo
Cuneo (Italian: [ˈkuːneo] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Coni [ˈkʊni]; Occitan: Coni [ˈkuni]; French: Coni [kɔni]) is a city and comune in Piedmont, Italy, the capital of the province of Cuneo, the fourth largest of Italy's provinces by area.

It is located at an elevation of 550 metres (1,800 ft) in the south-west of Piedmont, at the confluence of the rivers Stura and Gesso.

Cuneo is bounded by the municipalities of Beinette, Borgo San Dalmazzo, Boves, Busca, Caraglio, Castelletto Stura, Centallo, Cervasca, Morozzo, Peveragno, Tarantasca and Vignolo.

It is located near six mountain passes:

Colle della Maddalena at 1,996 metres (6,549 ft)

Colle di Tenda at 1,871 metres (6,138 ft) – Tunnel of Tenda at 1,300 metres (4,300 ft), 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) long

Colle del Melogno at 1,027 metres (3,369 ft)

Colle San Bernardo at 957 metres (3,140 ft)

Colle di Nava at 934 metres (3,064 ft)

Colle di Cadibona at 459 metres (1,506 ft).
Sandsfjord
Sandsfjorden or Sandsfjord is a fjord in Suldal Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  The 25-kilometre (16 mi) long fjord is the northernmost arm of main Boknafjorden in Rogaland county.  It begins at the confluence of the Saudafjorden and Hylsfjorden, just north of the village of Sand and travels to the southwest reaching the island of Foldøy, where the fjord joins the main Boknafjorden. The villages of Jelsa and Hebnes are located on either side of the mouth of the fjord.

The Sandsfjord Bridge which opened in the fall of 2015, crosses the fjord near the village of Marvik and connects the  Norwegian National Road 13 to the Norwegian County Road 46. It replaced a ferry route that ran across the fjord from Ropeid to Sand.

Rogaland
Rogaland (Norwegian: [ˈrûːɡɑlɑn] ⓘ) is a county in Western Norway, bordering the North Sea to the west and the counties of Vestland to the north, Telemark to the east and Agder to the east and southeast. As of 1 January 2024, it had a population of 499,417 people.

The administrative centre of the county is the city of Stavanger, which is the third largest city in Norway.
Wildflower season 3
The third season of Wildflower, a Philippine revenge drama television series on ABS-CBN, premiered on August 14, 2017 and concluded on December 1, 2017, with a total of 80 episodes.

Season three stars Maja Salvador, as Lily Cruz and Ivy Aguas, together with an ensemble cast consisting of Tirso Cruz III, Aiko Melendez, Sunshine Cruz, Wendell Ramos, Vin Abrenica, RK Bagatsing, and Joseph Marco.

Wildflower (TV series)
Wildflower is a Philippine television drama revenge series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Directed by Onat A. Diaz, Raymund B. Ocampo, Cathy O. Camarillo, Digo Ricio, Jerome C. Pobocan and Roderick P. Lindayag, it stars Maja Salvador. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide of TFC from February 13, 2017 to February 9, 2018, replacing We Will Survive and was replaced by The Blood Sisters.
2008 Texas A&M Aggies softball team
The 2008 Texas A&M Aggies softball team represented Texas A&M University in the 2008 NCAA Division I softball season.  The Aggies were coached by Jo Evans, who led her twelfth season.  The Aggies finished with a record of 57–10, and won the Big 12 Conference with a 17–1 record.

The Aggies were invited to the 2008 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament, where they swept the NCAA Central Regional and then completed a run to the title game of the Women's College World Series where they fell to champion Arizona State.

2008 NCAA Division I softball tournament
The 2008 NCAA Division I softball tournament was held from May 15 through June 4, 2008. 64 NCAA Division I college softball teams met after having played their way through a regular season, and for some, a conference tournament, to play in the NCAA Tournament.  The tournament culminated with eight teams playing in the 2008 Women's College World Series at ASA Hall of Fame Stadium in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.