hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Videodisc
Videodisc (or video disc) is a general term for a laser- or stylus-readable random-access disc that contains both audio and analog video signals recorded in an analog form. Typically, it is a reference to any such media that predates the mainstream popularity of the DVD format. The first mainstream official Videodisc was the Television Electronic Disc (TED) Videodisc, and the newest is the 4K Ultra HD Blu-Ray Disc. As of September 2023, the active video disc formats are Blu-ray Disc, DVD, and in other regions because of the price difference from DVD, Video CD (VCD) and SVCD.

Video CD
Video CD (abbreviated as VCD, also known as Compact Disc Digital Video, abbreviated as CDDV) is a home video format and the first format for distributing films on standard 120 mm (4.7 in) optical discs.  The format was widely adopted in nearly all of Asia (except for Japan and South Korea), superseding the VHS and Betamax systems in those regions until DVD-Video became more affordable in the 2000s.

The format is a standard digital data format for storing video on a compact disc. VCD discs/disc images are playable in dedicated VCD players and widely playable in most DVD players, personal computers and some video game consoles with an optical disc drive that is programmed to understand VCD discs.

The Video CD standard was created in 1993
by Sony, Philips, Matsushita and JVC; it is referred to as the White Book standard. The MPEG-1 format was also released that same year.
Dinosaur Cove
The Dinosaur Cove in Victoria, Australia is a fossil-bearing site in the south-east of the continent where the Otway Ranges meet the sea to the west of Cape Otway, adjacent to Great Otway National Park (map). The inaccessible ocean-front cliffs include fossil-bearing strata of the Eumeralla Formation that date back to about 106 million years ago and has provided discoveries important in the research of the natural history of dinosaurs in Australia and the Southern Hemisphere as a whole.

Cape Otway
Cape Otway is a cape and a bounded locality of the Colac Otway Shire in southern Victoria, Australia on the Great Ocean Road; much of the area is enclosed in the Great Otway National Park. The cape marks the boundary between the Southern Ocean on the west and Bass Strait on the east.
Project 640
Project 640 was a missile defense development programme of the People's Republic of China that started in 1964. The programme pursued processes and technologies related to command and control, sensors, and weapons - including anti-ballistic missiles (ABM), lasers, and anti-satellite satellites. The goal of deploying or testing a complete system in the mid-1970s was unrealistic. Technical challenges, economic constraints and competing programmes slowed progress in the 1970s. Project 640 formally ended in 1982 without a system being developed.

Some areas of research, including anti-satellite weapons and lasers, continued under 863 Program which started in the late-1980s.

Anti-ballistic missile
An anti-ballistic missile (ABM) is a surface-to-air missile designed to destroy in-flight ballistic missiles. They achieve this explosively (chemical or nuclear), or via hit-to-kill kinetic vehicles, which may also have self-maneuvering capabilities.

Tactical systems are widely deployed to counter short and intermediate-range ballistic missiles that carry conventional warheads.

Strategic systems, deployed by the United States, Russia, China, and Israel, are capable of intercepting intercontinental ballistic missiles, typically used to carry strategic nuclear warheads. During the Cold War, the 1972 ABM Treaty limited the nuclear arms race; excessive ICBM production would have been favoured to overwhelm ABM systems. For modern strategic systems, Russia's ABMs are the only ones that are themselves armed with nuclear warheads.
2009 Tunis Open
The 2009 Tunis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was part of the Tretorn SERIE+ of the 2009 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Tunis, Tunisia between April 27 and March 3, 2009.

2009 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2009 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 20 top tier Tretorn SERIE+ tournaments, and 142 regular series tournaments, with prize money ranging from $25,000 up to $150,000.
Winchester and Potomac Railroad
The Winchester and Potomac Railroad (W&P) was a railroad in the southern United States, which ran from Winchester, Virginia, to Harpers Ferry, West Virginia (Virginia until 1863), on the Potomac River, at a junction with the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O). It played a key role in early train raids of the B&O during the beginning months of the American Civil War.

The W&P Railroad was acquired by the B&O in 1902, and subsequently became part of CSX Transportation.

Great Appalachian Valley
The Great Appalachian Valley, also called The Great Valley or Great Valley Region, is one of the major landform features of eastern North America. It is a gigantic trough, including a chain of valley lowlands, and the central feature of the Appalachian Mountains system. The trough stretches about 1,200 miles (1,900 km) from Quebec in the north to Alabama in the south and has been an important north–south route of travel since prehistoric times.
Otto Gelert
Otto Christian Leonor Gelert (9 November 1862 in Nybøl on Sundeved peninsula – 20 March 1899 in Copenhagen) was a Danish pharmacist and botanist, who specialized in plant floristics and systematics. He was a brother of sculptor Johannes Gelert.

In 1883 he received his degree in pharmacy and subsequently worked as a druggist in the communities of Ribe and Horsens. In 1885 he started to co-edit the exsiccata series Rubi exsiccati Daniae et Slesvigiae together with Peter Kristian Nicolaj Friderichsen. From 1894 he worked as chemist at a sugar refinery in Tangermünde, Germany. During the latter part of his career he worked at the botanical museum in Copenhagen. In 1897 he took a scientific excursion to the Canary Islands. In 1899 he died of tuberculosis in Copenhagen, aged 36.

Plants with the specific epithet of gelertii commemorate his name, and example being Taraxacum gelertii.

Johannes Gelert
Johannes Sophus Gelert (1852–1923) was a Danish-born sculptor, who came to the United States in 1887 and during a span of more than thirty years produced numerous works of civic art in the Midwest and on the East Coast.
Calumpit
Calumpit [kɐlʊmˈpit], officially the Municipality of Calumpit (Tagalog: Bayan ng Calumpit, Kapampangan: Balen ning Calumpit),  is a  municipality in the province of Bulacan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 122,187 people.

Lubao
Lubao, officially the Municipality of Lubao (Kapampangan: Balen ning Lubao; Filipino: Bayan ng Lubao), is a municipality in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 190,355 people.

The town is known as the birthplace of Diosdado Macapagal, the 9th President of the Philippines.
Of What's to Come
Of What's To Come is the seventh studio album by death metal band Deeds of Flesh, released in 2008. The last song is a re-recording from their second album, Inbreeding the Anthropophagi. This album is also the first on which the band has utilized guitar solos. Whereas the lyrical themes on previous albums had been more focused on violent and gore-based stories, this album showcases a change in direction to science fiction, with each song (save for the final track), detailing an extremely complex story about Mankind's interactions with an Ancient space-race which wishes to harvest life (or "Virvum"). The story was continued on the band's next album, Portals to Canaan, which was released in 2013.

Portals to Canaan
Portals to Canaan is the eighth studio album by Californian death metal band Deeds of Flesh.  It was released on June 25, 2013 on Unique Leader Records. This is the last album to feature Erik Lindmark before his death in 2018.
Tucson Speedway
Tucson Speedway is a 0.375 mi (0.604 km) paved oval racetrack located at the Pima County Fairgrounds, off Interstate 10 just south of Tucson, Arizona. It is one of only three paved ovals in the state of Arizona (the others are Phoenix Raceway and Havasu 95 Speedway).

Havasu 95 Speedway
Havasu 95 Speedway is a 0.25-mile (0.40 km) paved oval racing circuit located in Lake Havasu City, Arizona.

The track primarily hosts weekly stock car events. Classes that run at the track include late models, modifieds, trucks, street stocks, legends, bandoleros, and factory stocks. It is one of three paved ovals in the state of Arizona, and the only one in western Arizona.

The track hosted its first NASCAR touring series event, a K&N Pro Series West race, in 2012. It held a Lucas Oil Modified Series race in 2015.
Treasurer of the Conservative Party
The office of Treasurer of the Conservative Party was established in 1911, along with that of Chairman, as part of a wider reorganisation of the Conservative and Unionist Party's machinery following the party's failure to win the general elections of January and December 1910.

The officeholders are responsible for fundraising, and in recent years, have sat on the Conservative Party Board.

Chairman of the Conservative Party
The chairman of the Conservative Party in the United Kingdom is responsible for party administration and overseeing the Conservative Campaign Headquarters, formerly Conservative Central Office.

When the Conservatives are in government, the officeholder is usually a member of the Cabinet holding a sinecure position such as Minister without Portfolio. Deputy or Vice Chairmen of the Conservative Party may also be appointed, with responsibility for specific aspects of the party.

The current Deputy Chairman is Matt Vickers.

The role was created in 1911 in response to the Conservative Party's defeat in the second 1910 general election. The position is not subject to election, as it is given by the party leader.
John Laurinaitis
John Hodger Laurinaitis (born July 31, 1962), also known by his former ring name Johnny Ace, is an American retired professional wrestler and business executive.

He has wrestled for such promotions as World Championship Wrestling (WCW), All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW) and WWE. He is the brother of Joe (Road Warrior Animal; one half of the former wrestling tag team The Road Warriors) and Marcus, and is also the uncle of former National Football League player James Laurinaitis. In WWE, Laurinaitis worked in the talent relations office for eight years, and as occasional professional wrestler from 2011 until 2012. After his on screen firing, he stepped down from his corporate backstage role to being a producer. He was promoted again to Head of Talent Relations in 2021 until his release in 2022. Prior to joining WWE, Laurinaitis worked as an executive for WCW.

Championship Wrestling from Florida
Championship Wrestling from Florida (CWF) was the corporate and brand name of the Tampa, Florida, wrestling office existing from 1961, when Eddie Graham first bought into the promotion, until 1987, when it closed down. It is also referred to as Florida Championship Wrestling. When Mike Graham tried a return to promoting, the rights to the name had been acquired by an outside party, forcing him to use another name, Florida Championship Wrestling.
Sondre Lerche (album)
Sondre Lerche is the sixth album by Norwegian singer-songwriter Sondre Lerche. According to Lerche's official website the new album contains a "raw, spontaneous, instinctive and heartfelt sound" and features collaborations with Midlake drummer McKenzie Smith, longtime producer Kato Ådland, Jupiter One drummer Dave Heilman, and co-producer, mixer and studio owner Nicolas Verhnes (Spoon, Animal Collective).

Heartbeat Radio
Heartbeat Radio is the fifth studio album by Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist Sondre Lerche.  The album was released in the U.S. on September 8, 2009, and in Europe on September 14. The album was released on Rounder Records, and is distributed digitally, on CD and on vinyl LP.

The first single and title track, "Heartbeat Radio", was sent to rock radio in July 2009.
De Hooge Heerlijkheid
De Hooge Heerlijkheid is a restaurant in Middelharnis, Netherlands. It was a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in the periods 1975-1992 and 1995-1996.

Owner and then head chef John Kern was one of the founders of Les Patrons Cuisiniers.

John and Wieke Kern founded the restaurant in 1969. They developed the restaurant from a pancake-restaurant to a Michelin starred restaurant. Later his son Mark Kern took over the restaurant. In 2011, Mark Kern handed over the kitchen of De Hooge Heerlijkheid to Maurice Montero Lowes and started a fish shop and wholesale under the name "Poisson & Cuisine". The restaurant is now only open to groups.

Middelharnis
Middelharnis (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌmɪdəlˈɦɑrnɪs] ⓘ) is a town and former municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland, on the island of Goeree-Overflakkee. The town had a population of about 6,800 in 2012. On 1 January 2013, Middelharnis merged with Goedereede, Dirksland, and Oostflakkee into the new municipality of Goeree-Overflakkee.
Ihor Kharatin
Ihor Ihorovych Kharatin (Ukrainian: Ігор Ігорович Харатін; born 2 February 1995) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Ukrainian Premier League club Veres Rivne.

2020–21 Nemzeti Bajnokság I
The 2020–21 Nemzeti Bajnokság I (also known as 2020–21 OTP Bank Liga), also known as NB I, is the 122nd season of top-tier football in Hungary. The league was officially named OTP Bank Liga for sponsorship reasons. Ferencváros were the defending champions.
Pilning
Pilning is a village in South Gloucestershire, England, close to Redwick and Severn Beach. Pilning is close to the M4, M49 and A403 roads, and has the South Wales Main Line railway running through it, with a minor station.

The civil parish is Pilning and Severn Beach. The population at the 2011 census was 3,647. An electoral ward exists in the same name.

Because of the close proximity of the River Severn and the English Stones section of the river bed, Pilning has found itself the ideal place to make both a substantial railway tunnel and motorway bridge. The Severn Tunnel opened in 1885 and the Second Severn Crossing opened in 1996.

Redwick, Gloucestershire
Redwick is a village in South Gloucestershire, England. It is part of the parish of Pilning and Severn Beach, and is bounded by the River Severn to the north and the Chessell Pill Rhine to the east. To the south is the village of Pilning, at the end of Redwick Road near Pilning Stores and the village war memorial. Immediately to the west, the South Wales Main Line railway enters the Severn Tunnel.

Historically Redwick was, with Northwick, a tything of the parish of Henbury.  The village was first mentioned in 955 under the name Hreodwican, meaning "place of reeds". The village is also mentioned in the Domesday Book in 1086.
Percoidei
Percoidei is a suborder of bony fishes in the order Perciformes. Many commercially harvested fish species are considered to be contained in this suborder, including the groupers, seabasses and perches.

Bandfish
The bandfishes, family Cepolidae, are 23 species of marine ray-finned fishes, They are native to the East Atlantic and Indo-Pacific where they dig burrows in sandy or muddy seabeds and eat zooplankton.
Freeport Township, Illinois
Freeport Township is located in Stephenson County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 25,638 and it contained 12,396 housing units. Freeport Township is coterminous with City of Freeport. It is one of seventeen coterminous townships in Illinois.

Freeport, Illinois
Freeport is the largest city in Stephenson County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. The population was 23,973 at the 2020 census. Located along the Pecatonica River, Freeport is known for hosting the second Lincoln–Douglas debate of 1858, and as "Pretzel City, USA", due to a popular German bakery that became known for its prolific pretzel production in the 19th century. Freeport High School's mascot is the Pretzel to honor its heritage.
KXHT
KXHT (107.1 FM) is a mainstream urban radio station licensed to Marion, Arkansas and serves the Memphis, Tennessee, area. The Flinn Broadcasting outlet operates with an ERP of 2.75 kW.  The station's studios are located in Southeast Memphis, and the transmitter site is in West Memphis, Arkansas along the west shore of the Mississippi River.

Rhythmic contemporary
Rhythmic contemporary, also known as Rhythmic Top 20, Rhythmic Top 30, Rhythmic Top 40, Rhythmic CHR or rhythmic crossover, is a primarily American music-radio format that includes a mix of EDM, upbeat rhythmic pop, hip-hop and upbeat R&B hits. Rhythmic contemporary never uses hard rock or country in its airplay, but it may occasionally use a reggae, Latin, reggaeton, or an urban contemporary gospel hit. Essentially, the format is a cross between the mainstream radio and urban contemporary radio formats.
Thyroid-hormone transaminase
In enzymology, a thyroid-hormone transaminase (EC 2.6.1.26) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

L-3,5,3'-triiodothyronine + 2-oxoglutarate  3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]-2-oxopropanoate + L-glutamate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-3,5,3'-triiodothyronine and 2-oxoglutarate, whereas its two products are [[3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]-2-oxopropanoate]] and L-glutamate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-3,5,3'-triiodothyronine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. Other names in common use include 3,5-dinitrotyrosine transaminase, and thyroid hormone aminotransferase.  It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Transaminase
Transaminases or aminotransferases are enzymes that catalyze a transamination reaction between an amino acid and an α-keto acid. They are important in the synthesis of amino acids, which form proteins.

Two important transaminase enzymes, aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT), are commonly used as indicators of liver and cardiac health.
Dialogue between a Man and His God
The Dialogue between a Man and His God is the earliest known text to address the answer to the question of why a god permits evil, or theodicy, a reflection on human suffering. It is a piece of Wisdom Literature extant on a single clay cuneiform tablet written in Akkadian and attributed to Kalbanum, on the last line, an individual otherwise unknown. It is dated to the latter part of the Old Babylonian period, around the reign of Ammi-Ditana (reigned 1683–1640s BC) according to Lambert, and is currently housed in the Louvre Museum, accession number AO 4462. It is of unknown provenance as it was purchased from an antiquities dealer by the Museum in 1906. It shares much of its style with an earlier Sumerian work, “Man and His God”, a penitential prayer of the Ur III period.

Theodicy
A theodicy (from Ancient Greek θεός theos, "god" and δίκη dikē, "justice"), meaning 'vindication of God', is an argument in the philosophy of religion that attempts to resolve the problem of evil, which arises when all power (omnipotence) and all goodness (omnibenevolence) are attributed to God simultaneously.

Unlike a defense, which tries only to demonstrate that God and evil can logically coexist, a theodicy additionally provides a framework in which God and evil's existence are considered plausible. The German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Leibniz coined the term theodicy in his book Théodicée (1710), though numerous responses to the problem of evil had previously been offered.

Similar to a theodicy, a cosmodicy attempts to justify the fundamental goodness of the universe, while an anthropodicy attempts similar justification of human nature.
Max Hastings
Sir Max Hugh Macdonald Hastings (/ˈheɪstɪŋz/; born 28 December 1945) is a British journalist and military historian who has worked as a foreign correspondent for the BBC, editor-in-chief of The Daily Telegraph, and editor of the Evening Standard. He is also the author of thirty books, most significantly histories, which have won several major awards. Hastings currently writes a bimonthly column for Bloomberg Opinion and contributes to The Times and The Sunday Times.

Correspondent
A correspondent or on-the-scene reporter is usually a journalist or commentator for a magazine, or an agent who contributes reports to a newspaper, or radio or television news, or another type of company, from a remote, often distant, location. A foreign correspondent is stationed in a foreign country. The term "correspondent" refers to the original practice of filing news reports via postal letter. The largest networks of correspondents belong to ARD (Germany) and BBC (UK).
Mubariz Khan
Mubariz Khan was the Mughal governor of Gujarat and Hyderabad Subah. He was the governor of Golconda from 1713 to 1724 until he was killed during the Battle of Shakar Kheda where he fought against Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I. His is known to have ruled Golconda with a free hand and brought it under stable rule from constant Maratha Raids to extract Chauth. He is generally described as a proto-dynastic figure by John F. Richards.

Farrukhsiyar
Farrukhsiyar (Persian: فرخ‌سیار, Persian pronunciation: [faɾ.ˈɾux saj.ˈjɑːɾ]; 20 August 1683 – 9 April 1719), also spelled as Farrukh Siyar, was the tenth Mughal Emperor from 1713 to 1719. He rose to the throne after deposing his uncle Jahandar Shah. He was an emperor only in name, with all effective power in the hands of the two courtiers, Sayyid brothers.
1998 Speedway Grand Prix of Poland
The 1998 Speedway Grand Prix of Poland was the sixth race of the 1998 Speedway Grand Prix season. It took place on 18 September in the Polonia Stadium in Bydgoszcz, Poland It was the fourth Polish SGP, but first in Bydgoszcz. Grand Prix was won by Pole Tomasz Gollob, who was riding for Polonia Bydgoszcz in Polish League. It was his third winning in GP history.

1998 Speedway Grand Prix
The 1998 Speedway Grand Prix was the 53rd edition of the official World Championship. It was the fourth season in the Speedway Grand Prix era used to determine the Speedway World Champion.

Tony Rickardsson won the World title, which included three wins from the six Grand Prix events. The Swede's win was his second World title success and he secured the gold medal comfortably ahead of nearest rivals Jimmy Nilsen and Tomasz Gollob.
Reece J. Lutz
Reece James Lutz (born 1970) is a career officer in the United States Army. A longtime member of the Pennsylvania Army National Guard, his command assignments include: Company A, 1st Battalion, 110th Infantry Regiment; 2nd Battalion, 112th Infantry Regiment; and 2nd Brigade, 28th Infantry Division He was promoted to brigadier general in 2024, and in 2025 he was assigned to command of the 28th Infantry Division. Lutz is a veteran of the Iraq War, Operation Enduring Freedom, and Operation Spartan Shield, and his awards include the Bronze Star Medal, four awards of the Meritorious Service Medal, six awards of the Army Commendation Medal, and two awards of the Army Achievement Medal.

Overseas Service Ribbon
An Overseas Service Ribbon is a service military award of the United States military which recognizes those service members who have performed military tours outside the borders of the United States of America. There are different versions of the Overseas Service Ribbons for the U.S. Army, U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Space Force, and the U.S. Coast Guard. Both the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Marines receive the Navy and Marine Corps Overseas Service Ribbon.