hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Wizard (1895)
HMS Wizard was a Conflict-class destroyer built by the White shipyard for the Royal Navy, and launched on 26 February 1895.  In 1910, she was reconstructed with only two funnels.  She is believed to be the only destroyer fitted with in turning screws. She was sold in 1920.

HMS Excellent (shore establishment)
HMS Excellent is a Royal Navy "stone frigate" (shore establishment) sited on Whale Island near Portsmouth in Hampshire. HMS Excellent is itself part of the Maritime Warfare School, with a headquarters at HMS Collingwood, although a number of lodger units are resident within the site including the offices of the First Sea Lord.
Endless Mountains
The Endless Mountains is a geographical, geological, and cultural region in Northeastern Pennsylvania. The Endless Mountains region includes Bradford, Sullivan, Susquehanna, and Wyoming counties. The highest peak in the region is the North Knob of Elk Mountain at 2,693 feet (821 meters). The dissected plateau is a subrange of the Appalachian Mountains.

Northeastern Pennsylvania
Northeastern Pennsylvania (NEPA or Nepa; sometimes pronounced /ˈniːpɑː/ NEE-pah) is a region of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania that includes the Pocono Mountains, and the industrial cities of Scranton (the area's largest city), Wilkes-Barre, Pittston, Hazleton, Nanticoke, and Carbondale. A portion of this region is located in the New York City metropolitan area. Recently, Pennsylvania tourism boards have described Northeastern Pennsylvania as Upstate Pennsylvania.

Unlike most other parts of the Rust Belt, some of the communities are experiencing a modest population increase, and others, including Monroe and Pike counties, rank among the state's fastest growing counties.

Northeastern Pennsylvania borders the Pennsylvania Wilds to the west, the New York State Southern Tier and Hudson Valley regions to the north and northeast, Sussex and Warren counties in New Jersey to the east, and the Lehigh Valley to the south.
Source tracking
Source tracking pertains to the ability of some hypertext systems to rigorously track the exact source of every document or partial document included in the system; that is, they remember who entered the information, when it was entered, when it was updated and by whom, and so on. This allows determining the exact history of every document (and even small parts of documents).

Present HTML and HTTP do not have this feature, but certain systems on the World Wide Web (such as WikiWiki and Everything Engine) may have limited versions of the capability.

One application of digital watermarking is source tracking.

Hypertext
Hypertext is text displayed on a computer display or other electronic devices with references (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can immediately access. Hypertext documents are interconnected by hyperlinks, which are typically activated by a mouse click, keypress set, or screen touch. Apart from text, the term "hypertext" is also used to describe tables, images, and other presentational materials with integrated hyperlinks. Hypertext is one of the key underlying concepts of the World Wide Web, where Web pages are often written in the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). As implemented on the Web, hypertext enables the easy-to-use publication of information over the Internet.
Isidroa
Isidroa is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Verbenaceae. The only species is Isidroa spinifera.

Its native range is Hispaniola. It is found in Dominican Republic and Haiti.

The genus name of Isidroa is in honour of Isidro E. Méndez (b. 1958), a Cuban botanist and specialist in Verbenaceae, especially Lantana. The Latin specific epithet of spinifera refers to spiny, from 'spina' 'spinose'.
Both genus and species were first described and published in Willdenowia Vol.46 on page 16 in 2016.

Lantana
Lantana (/lænˈtɑːnə, -ˈteɪ-/) is a genus of about 150 species of perennial flowering plants in the verbena family, Verbenaceae. They are native to tropical regions of the Americas and Africa but exist as an introduced species in numerous areas, especially in the Australian-Pacific region, South and Northeastern part of India. The genus includes both herbaceous plants and shrubs growing to 0.5–2 m (1.6–6.6 ft) tall. Their common names are shrub verbenas or lantanas. The generic name originated in Late Latin, where it refers to the unrelated Viburnum lantana.

Lantana's aromatic flower clusters (called umbels) are a mix of red, orange, yellow, or blue and white florets. Other colors exist as new varieties are being selected. The flowers typically change color as they mature, resulting in inflorescences that are two- or three-colored.

"Wild lantanas" are plants of the unrelated genus Abronia, usually called "sand-verbenas".
Francis Rugge
Francis Rugge (1535 – 18 October 1607), of Norwich, Norfolk, was an English politician.

Rugge was the fourth son of Robert Rugge (d. 1559), Mayor of Norwich, by Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Wood of Norwich. Robert's brother was William Rugge, Bishop of Norwich. Francis was born in 1535.

Rugge was a freeman of Norwich in 1563, an alderman in the same city from about 1570, sheriff of Norwich in 1572 to 1573, and Mayor of Norwich in 1587-1588, again in 1598-1599, and lastly in 1602-1603. He represented Norwich as a Member of Parliament (MP) in 1589.

Rugge married Anne, the daughter of John Aldrich. He also inherited his father’s position as a Norwich mercer. When his father died in 1559, the younger Rugge was left two manors as well as money and plate. He was named one of the executors of the elder Rugge's will.

Rugge died on 18 October 1607. A funeral monument for both Rugge and his wife survives, and is located in a chapel in St Andrew's Church in Norwich.

John Aldrich (MP)
John Aldrich (by 1520 – 1582), of Norwich, Norfolk, was an English politician.

Aldrich was the third surviving son of Thomas Aldrich, alderman and mercer of Norwich, and Elizabeth Wood of Fulbourne, Cambridgeshire. He was born sometime before 1520. By 1540, he had married Elizabeth Sotherton, daughter of Nicholas Sotherton. They had three sons and two daughters.

Aldrich was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich 1555 and 1572 and mayor of the city in 1557-1558 and 1570–1571. He served as sheriff of Norwich in 1551-1552.

Aldrich died in 1582.
Spec Ops: Ranger Elite
Spec Ops: Ranger Elite is a tactical third-person shooter video game developed by Runecraft Ltd. for the original PlayStation and published by Take-Two Interactive. The title was released in North America on April 26, 2001, with a PAL version released by Talonsoft.

It was re-released for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable as a PSone Classic on July 16, 2009 and later for PS Vita in 2012.

Third-person shooter
Third-person shooter (TPS) is a subgenre of 3D shooter games in which the gameplay consists primarily of shooting. It is closely related to first-person shooters, but with the player character visible on-screen during play. While 2D shoot 'em up games also employ a third-person perspective, the TPS genre is distinguished by having the game presented with the player's avatar as a primary focus of the camera's view.
Qt Quick
Qt Quick is a free software application framework developed and maintained by the Qt Project within the Qt framework. It provides a way of building custom, highly dynamic graphical user interfaces with fluid transitions and effects, which are becoming more common especially in mobile devices. Qt Quick includes a declarative scripting language called QML.

Qt Declarative is a runtime interpreter that reads the Qt declarative user interface definition, QML data, and displays the UI that it describes. The QML syntax allows using JavaScript to provide the logic, and it is often used for this purpose. It is not the only way, however: logic can be written with native code as well.

Qt Quick and QML are officially supported in Qt 4.7 (with Qt Creator 2.1), and it is a commercial option in mobile applications when Qt 4.7 is available for deployment in Symbian and Maemo and MeeGo devices. It is also the native language of Ubuntu Touch.

Ubuntu Touch
Ubuntu Touch is a mobile version of the Ubuntu operating system, developed by the UBports community. Its user interface is written in Qt, and is designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. However, the original goal of convergence was intended to bring Ubuntu Touch to laptops, desktops, IoT devices and TVs for a complete unified user experience.

The project was started by Canonical Ltd. but on 5 April 2017 its CEO Mark Shuttleworth announced that Canonical would terminate support due to lack of market interest. It was then adopted by UBports as a community project. The UBports project was seeded by Marius Gripsgård in 2015 and the source code was transferred to the UBports Foundation where it since resides. UBports' mission is to support the collaborative development of Ubuntu Touch and to promote its widespread use.
Denver Zephyr
The Denver Zephyr was a streamlined passenger train operated by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad between Chicago, Illinois, and Denver, Colorado. In peak years it ran to Colorado Springs. It operated from 1936 to 1973. The Denver Zephyr continued operating after the Burlington Northern Railroad merger in 1970. BN conveyed the train to Amtrak in 1971; Amtrak merged it with the Denver–Oakland City of San Francisco to form the San Francisco Zephyr and dropped the "Denver" name in 1973.

Budd Company
The Budd Company was a 20th-century metal fabricator, a major supplier of body components to the automobile industry, and a manufacturer of stainless steel passenger rail cars, airframes, missile and space vehicles, and various defense products.

The company was founded in 1912 in Philadelphia by Edward G. Budd, whose fame came from his development of the first all-steel automobile bodies in 1913, and his company's invention of the "shotweld" technique for joining pieces of stainless steel without damaging its anti-corrosion properties in the 1930s.

The Budd Company became part of Budd Thyssen in 1978, and in 1999 a part of ThyssenKrupp Budd. Body and chassis operations were sold to Martinrea International in 2006. No longer an operating company, Budd filed for bankruptcy in 2014. It currently exists to provide benefits to its retirees.
Saint-Thomas-Didyme
Saint-Thomas-Didyme (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ tɔma didim]) is a municipality in Maria-Chapdelaine Regional County Municipality in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. It had a population of 703 in the Canada 2021 Census.

Maria-Chapdelaine Regional County Municipality
Maria-Chapdelaine is a regional county municipality in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. Its seat is in Dolbeau-Mistassini.

It runs from Lac Saint-Jean in the south to the deep interior of northern Quebec in the north.
Mendel Polar Station
J.G. Mendel Czech Antarctic Station (Czech: Česká vědecká stanice Johanna Gregora Mendela) is a Czech research station in Antarctica on the coast of James Ross Island. It was founded by Czech polar explorer Pavel Prošek. The official opening ceremony took place in February 2007 and made the Czech Republic the 26th country to have its own scientific base on the continent. The station is the property of Masaryk University in Brno and was named after the father of modern genetics, the meteorologist Gregor Johann Mendel. Thanks to the research carried out at the station, the Czech Republic is one of the countries who have a voting right in the Antarctic Treaty System.

Ulu Peninsula
Ulu Peninsula (63°56′S 58°5′W﻿ / ﻿63.933°S 58.083°W﻿ / -63.933; -58.083﻿ (Ulu Peninsula)) is that portion of James Ross Island northwest of the narrow neck of land between Rohss Bay and Croft Bay, extending from Cape Obelisk to Cape Lachman, in Antarctica.
Court–Exchange Building
The Court–Exchange Building (formerly the National Casket Company building) is a historic industrial and commercial building located at 142 Exchange Street (at the corner of Court Street) in Rochester, New York.

It is a six-story brick structure with Richardsonian Romanesque details designed by Harvey Ellis and built in 1881 for Samuel Stein, a local manufacturer of wooden caskets. When Stein retired in 1890, he sold his business to the National Casket Company. The building was used until 1984 to manufacture, display, and warehouse caskets.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

National Casket Company
The National Casket Company was an American manufacturer of caskets and other funeral equipment. It was formed in 1880 by a merger of the Stein Manufacturing Company of Rochester, New York; the Hamilton, Lemmon, and Arnold Company of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and Chappell, Chase, Maxwell, and Company of Oneida, New York. It adopted the National Casket Company name in 1890. The company increased through a series of acquisitions and, by 1951, was the world's largest manufacturer of caskets. It was merged with Fred Richmond's Walco National Corporation in 1969 but declined after Richmond's imprisonment on fraud charges. The National Casket Company closed sometime during or after the 1980s.
Pogonarthria
Pogonarthria is a genus of African plants in the grass family.

Species

Pogonarthria fleckii (Hack.) Hack. - Angola, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia

Pogonarthria leiarthra Hack. - Namibia

Pogonarthria refracta Launert  - Zambia

Pogonarthria squarrosa (Roem. & Schult.) Pilg. - Africa from Ivory Coast to South Africa and Madagascar; naturalized in Arizona (Cochise and Pima Counties)

Formerly included

see Desmostachya Eragrostis

Pogonarthria bipinnata - Desmostachya bipinnata

Pogonarthria brainii - Eragrostis brainii

Desmostachya bipinnata
Desmostachya bipinnata, commonly known as halfa grass, big cordgrass, and salt reed-grass, is an Old World perennial grass, long known and used in human history. The grass is tall, tufted, leafy, perennial grass, branching from the base, erect from a stout creeping rootstock.
Edmund Leslie
Edmund Leslie (1735 - 1796)  was an Anglican priest in Ireland during the 18th century.

Benson was born in Dublin and  educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was Prebendary of Carncastle in Lisburn Cathedral from 1781 to 1784; and Archdeacon of Down from 1782 until his death.

Archdeacon of Down
The Archdeacon of Down is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Down and Dromore (in the Church of Ireland), formerly (in the Church of Ireland) the Diocese of Down, Connor and Dromore, formerly (but currently in the Catholic Church) the Diocese of Down and Connor, formerly the Diocese of Down.  The archdeacon is responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the diocese. The archdeaconry can trace its history back to Bernard who held the office in 1268. David McClay, who was elected Bishop of Down and Dromore on 4 November 2019.  appointed Jim Cheshire October 2023 for the Down congregations.
Gandhi Chowk
Gandhi Chowk is a 4-way traffic junction and the largest commercial and business centers in the city of Nizamabad. The place is located in the center of the city and is also the originating point of National Highway 16 which passes through the states of Telangana, Maharashtra and ends at Jagdalpur in the state of Chhattisgarh.

The place is named after Mahatma Gandhi and has a Gandhi statue erected at the center of it. The area is clustered with commercial complexes, showrooms and shopping malls and has high traffic density.

The routes that originate at Gandhi Chowk are

Nizamabad, Telangana
Nizamabad, also informally known as Induru or Indur, is a city in the Indian state of Telangana. It is governed by the municipal corporation and is the headquarters of the Nizamabad district. Previously part of Hyderabad State and then Andhra Pradesh state, Nizamabad became a part of the newly formed state of Telangana under the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014. It is located about 186 kilometres (116 mi) north of the state capital, Hyderabad.
5th Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery
The 5th Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery was a territorial artillery regiment of the New Zealand Army. It was formed in 1948 and was equipped with 17-pounder anti-tank guns. In 1949 it was decided to convert the regiment to self-propelled 25-pounders and to add a troop of 4.2 inch mortars, similar to the organisation of 7th Anti-Tank regiment during the latter phases of WWII. The conversion, however, was never completed and the regiment was disbanded in 1950. A 4.2 inch mortar battery was subsequently formed and would go on to become 5th Light Regiment.

5th Light Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery
The 5th Light Regiment Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery was a unit of the New Zealand Divisional Artillery (Div Arty). It was formed in 1952 to provide each of the division's brigades with a supporting mortar battery. The regiment contained members of both the Territorial and Regular Forces and had its headquarters in Wellington and batteries in Petone, Napier and Gore. It moved to Southland in 1956 and was headquartered in Invercargill. The Regiment was disbanded in 1964 as part of a reorganisation of the New Zealand Army's artillery units.
2014 UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Men's points race
The Men's points race at the 2014 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was held on 28 February 2014. 20 cyclists participated in the contest, which was contested over 160 laps, equating to a distance of 40 km (24.9 mi).

2014 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 2014 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was the World Championships for track cycling in 2014. They took place in Cali, Colombia from 26 February to 2 March 2014 in the Velódromo Alcides Nieto Patiño.
1989 Asian Junior and Cadet Table Tennis Championships
The 4th Asian Junior Table Tennis Championships 1994 were held in New Delhi, India, from  20 to 26 December 1989. It was organised by the Table Tennis Federation of India under the authority of the Asian Table Tennis Union (ATTU) and International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF).

Asian Junior and Cadet Table Tennis Championships
The Asian Junior and Cadet Table Tennis Championships is an annual table tennis tournament regarded as continental championships between juniors and cadets. The Asian Junior and Cadet Table Tennis Championships (AJCTTC) is one of the most prestigious events of the world junior table tennis circuit. It will be held under the supervision of the Asian Table Tennis Union (ATTU) and International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF). Cadet Championships was added in 1986 (2nd). The table below gives an overview of all host cities and countries of the Asia Junior Championships.
Kazamaki's condition
In mathematics, Kazamaki's condition gives a sufficient criterion ensuring that the Doléans-Dade exponential of a local martingale is a true martingale. This is particularly important if Girsanov's theorem is to be applied to perform a change of measure. Kazamaki's condition is more general than Novikov's condition.

Martingale (probability theory)
In probability theory, a martingale is a stochastic process in which the expected value of the next observation, given all prior observations, is equal to the most recent value. In other words, the conditional expectation of the next value, given the past, is equal to the present value. Martingales are used to model fair games, where future expected winnings are equal to the current amount regardless of past outcomes.
Flowboard
A flowboard is a variation on a skateboard, combining aspects of surfing, skating and snowboarding. There are three sizes made by the brand Flowboards: 32", for tricks and smaller riders; 36", the standard size; and 42", the large downhill bomber.

Skateboard
A skateboard is a type of sports equipment used for skateboarding. It is usually made of a specially designed 7–8-ply maple plywood deck and has polyurethane wheels attached to the underside by a pair of skateboarding trucks.

The skateboard moves by pushing with one foot while the other foot remains balanced on the board, or by pumping one's legs in structures such as a bowl or half pipe. A skateboard can also be used by standing on the deck while on a downward slope and allowing gravity to propel the board and the rider. If the rider's leading foot is their left foot, they are said to ride "regular". Conversely, they are said to ride "goofy" if their leading foot is their right foot.

The two main types of skateboards are the longboard and shortboard. The shape of the board is also important: the skateboard must be concaved to perform tricks.
Bulunsky District
Bulunsky District (Russian: Булу́нский улу́с; Yakut: Булуҥ улууһа, Buluŋ uluuha) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is the most northerly district of the republic, and includes the offshore New Siberian Islands. Bulunsky borders Ust-Yansky District in the east, Verkhoyansky District in the southeast, Eveno-Bytantaysky and Zhigansky Districts in the south, Olenyoksky District in the west, and Anabarsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 223,600 square kilometers (86,300 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban-type settlement of Tiksi. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 9,054, with the population of Tiksi accounting for 55.9% of that number.

Eveno-Bytantaysky National District
Eveno-Bytantaysky National District (Russian: Эве́но-Бытанта́йский национа́льный улу́с; Even: Эвэн Бытантай буган; Yakut: Эбээн-Бытантай улууһа, romanized: Ebeen-Bıtantay uluuha) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. The area of the district is 52,300 square kilometers (20,200 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Batagay-Alyta. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 2,867, with the population of Batagay-Alyta accounting for 63.9% of that number.
Europa Point F.C.
Europa Point F.C. is a professional football club from Gibraltar. The club currently plays in the Gibraltar Football League, the top tier of football in Gibraltar. They also participate in the Rock Cup, the territory's primary cup competition.

Gibraltar Division 2 Cup
The Gibraltar Division 2 Cup is a special football tournament exclusively organized for clubs participating in the Second Division.

On 2 March 2017 the Gibraltar Football Association announced the signing of a sponsorship agreement with Chestertons Gibraltar, due to which the competition was renamed "The Chestertons Cup". Chestertons Gibraltar became the first sponsor of the competition since its inception. No tournament as held in 2018 due to redevelopments at Victoria Stadium, but the competition returned in the 2018–19 season.