hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Value network
There is no agreed upon definition of value network. A general definition that subsumes the other definitions is that a value network is a network of roles linked by interactions in which economic entities engage in both tangible and intangible exchanges to achieve economic or social good. This definition is similar to one given by Verna Allee.

Clayton Christensen
Clayton Magleby Christensen (April 6, 1952 – January 23, 2020) was an American academic and business consultant who developed the theory of "disruptive innovation", which has been called the most influential business idea of the early 21st century. Christensen introduced "disruption" in his 1997 book The Innovator's Dilemma, and it led The Economist to term him "the most influential management thinker of his time." He was the Kim B. Clark Professor of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School (HBS), and was also a leader and writer in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). He was one of the founders of the Jobs to Be Done development methodology.

Christensen was also a co-founder of Rose Park Advisors, a venture capital firm, and Innosight, a management consulting and investment firm specializing in innovation.
Spiridon Stais
Spiridon Stais (Greek: Σπιρίδων Στάης) was a Greek sport shooter. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens. Theofilakis competed in the military rifle event.  He tied for twelfth place with Eugen Schmidt at 845 points.

Eugen Schmidt
Eugen Stahl Schmidt (17 February 1862 – 7 October 1931) was a Danish shooter, athlete, and tug of war competitor. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens and at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris.
Olle Nordemar
Olof Harry "Olle" Nordemar (25 July 1914 – 18 February 1999) was a Swedish film director, film editor, film producer, cinematographer and screenwriter. Nordemar is best known as the producer behind Olle Hellbom's films based on novels by Astrid Lindgren. Nordemar edited and produced the Norwegian-Swedish documentary Kon-Tiki (1950) which received the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature for 1951 at the 24th Academy Awards.

Pippi Longstocking (1969 TV series)
Pippi Longstocking (Swedish: Pippi Långstrump) is a Swedish/West German TV series based on Astrid Lindgren's Pippi Longstocking children's books. The show ran for thirteen episodes, the first episode being broadcast 8 February 1969 on Sveriges Television.

The series' theme song, "Here Comes Pippi Longstocking" ("Här Kommer Pippi Långstrump") was composed by Jan Johansson (in one of his last works, before his death a year before the series aired), with lyrics by Astrid Lindgren. The song was sung by series star Inger Nilsson.
Trey Grayson
Charles Merwin "Trey" Grayson III (born April 18, 1972) is an American politician and attorney who is a member at Frost Brown Todd and a principal at CivicPoint. A former Secretary of State of Kentucky, Grayson was a candidate in the 2010 Republican primary to replace retiring U.S. Senator Jim Bunning, losing to Rand Paul, the Tea Party favorite. He later was the director of the Harvard Institute of Politics. Grayson also was CEO of the Northern Kentucky Chamber of Commerce.

Secretary of State of Kentucky
The secretary of state of Kentucky is one of the constitutional officers of the U.S. state of Kentucky. It is an elected office, but was an appointed office prior to 1891. The incumbent secretary of state is Republican Michael Adams, who was elected on November 5, 2019; he took office on January 6, 2020.
Carrao Bracho Trophy
The Carrao Bracho Trophy (Spanish: Premio Carrao Bracho, lit. "Carrao Bracho Award") is given annually to the Venezuelan Professional Baseball League pitcher who has recorded the best individual performance in that year, as voted on by members of the media.

The award was originally created in 1985 as the VPBL Pitcher of the Year Award, and was renamed Carrao Bracho Trophy since 1995 to honour José "Carrao" Bracho, who spent 26 years in the league.

Bracho still owns all-time career records in several pitching categories, including most wins, complete games, strikeouts and innings pitched, as well as the record for the most wins in a single-season.

Venezuelan Professional Baseball League
The Venezuelan Professional Baseball League (Spanish: Liga Venezolana de Béisbol Profesional, or LVBP) is the top-level professional baseball league in Venezuela. The league's champion takes part in the Caribbean Series each year.
2011–12 National First Division
The 2011–12 National First Division was the season from September 2011 until May 2012 of South Africa's second tier of professional football.

For the first time since the 2003–04 National First Division season, all teams were placed in one unified league table. Previously the competition had been split into two 'streams'.

2003–04 National First Division
The 2003–04 National First Division was the 8th season of the National First Division, the second tier of South African soccer.

It consisted of two streams, an Inland stream of 16 teams, and a Coastal stream of 14 teams. Fourteen teams were relegated as a result of the 2004–05 National First Division combining the two streams into a single national league.

The Coastal stream was won by Bush Bucks and the Inland stream by Bloemfontein Celtic, with both earning promotion to the 2004–05 Premier Soccer League.
Babushkin Bay
Babushkin Bay (Russian: Залив Бабушкина, tr.: Zaliv Babushkina) is a deep bay with steep shores on the northern coast of the Sea of Okhotsk. It lies to the east of Taui Bay and to the west of Shelikhov Bay. It is entered between Capes Yevreinov and Babushkin and is 59.5 km (about 37 mi) wide.

Sea of Okhotsk
The Sea of Okhotsk is a marginal sea of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. It is located between Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, Japan's island of Hokkaido on the south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and north. Its northeast corner is the Shelikhov Gulf. The sea is named for the port of Okhotsk, itself named for the Okhota River.
Trần Đại Quang
Trần Đại Quang (Vietnamese: [t͡ɕən˨˩ ʔɗaːj˧˨ʔ kwaːŋ˧˧]; 12 October 1956 – 21 September 2018) was a Vietnamese politician and former police general who served as the ninth president of Vietnam from 2016 until his death in 2018. After serving for five years as the Minister of Public Security from 2011 to 2016, Quang was nominated by his predecessor Trương Tấn Sang to the presidency and was elected to the post by the National Assembly of Vietnam on 2 April 2016. He was one of the country's top leaders and ranked second in the Politburo behind Nguyễn Phú Trọng, the General Secretary of the Communist Party.

Ninh Bình province
Ninh Bình (Vietnamese pronunciation: [nīɲ ɓìɲ]) is a province of Vietnam in the Red River Delta region. The province is known for natural and cultural attractions, including reserved parks in Cúc Phương National Park and Vân Long, grotto caves and rivers in Tràng An, Tam Cốc-Bích Động and Múa Caves, historic monuments in the Hoa Lư ancient capital, Vietnam's largest Buddhist worshipping complex (Bái Đính Temple), and the Phát Diệm Cathedral with "eclectic architectural style".
Menucihr Mosque
Menucihr Mosque, also Manučehr Mosque (Kurdish: Mizgefta Menûçêhr) is a mosque in the medieval city of Ani in Kars Province, Turkey. It was built between 1072 and 1086 by Manuchihr ibn Shavur of the Kurdish Shaddadid dynasty. The restoration of the mosque started in June 2020.

Shaddadids
The Shaddadids were a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin. who ruled in various parts of Armenia and Arran from 951 to 1199 AD. They were established in Dvin. Through their long tenure in Armenia, they often intermarried with the Bagratuni royal family of Armenia.

They began ruling in the city of Dvin, and eventually ruled other major cities, such as Barda and Ganja. A cadet line of the Shaddadids were given the cities of Ani and Tbilisi as a reward for their service to the Seljuqs, to whom they became vassals. From 1047 to 1057, the Shaddadids were engaged in several wars against the Byzantine army. The area between the rivers Kura and Aras was ruled by a Shaddadid dynasty.
XHTPZ-TDT
XHTPZ-TDT is a television station in Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico broadcasting on virtual channel 4. It is the Televisa local station for Tampico, with local news and programming alongside a selection of other Televisa programs (mainly from Televisa Networks, Televisa Guadalajara and Televisa Monterrey). It also airs programming from Univision.

XEFB-TDT
XEFB-TDT is a television station located in Monterrey, Nuevo León and Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. It is known as Televisa Monterrey and carries Televisa's local programs for Monterrey, including local news, sports and entertainment programming. Previously broadcast the programming of Las Estrellas, N+ Foro, Canal 5 and NU9VE.
Genecology
Genecology is a branch of ecology which studies genetic variation of species and communities compared to their population distribution in a particular environment. It is closely related to ecogenetics. Ecogenetics focuses on the relationship between genetics and ecology and species' genetic responses to the environment. Genecology primarily focuses on an ecological perspective, looking at changes and interactions between species. It studies the relationships between genetic variation and environmental gradients within a species. Genecology is often referred to as ecological genetics.

Genetic variation
Genetic variation is the difference in DNA among individuals or the differences between populations among the same species.  The multiple sources of genetic variation include mutation and genetic recombination.  Mutations are the ultimate sources of genetic variation, but other mechanisms, such as  genetic drift, contribute to it, as well.
Mixed Blood (album)
Mixed Blood is a remix/cover album of songs originally by Belgian-Australian singer-songwriter Gotye, released in July 2007. All the songs are from his album Like Drawing Blood, except for "The Only Thing I Know" and "Out of My Mind", which come from Gotye's debut album Boardface (although a version of "The Only Thing I Know" was later included in the international release of Like Drawing Blood in 2008).

Karnivool's cover of "The Only Way" came 63rd in the Triple J Hottest 100, 2007.

Boardface
Boardface is the debut studio album by Belgian-Australian singer Gotye.  It was originally released in 2003, and then re-released as a companion to his follow-up breakthrough album, Like Drawing Blood.
San Polo dei Cavalieri
San Polo dei Cavalieri is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region of Lazio, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Rome.

San Polo dei Cavalieri borders the following municipalities: Guidonia Montecelio, Licenza, Marcellina, Monteflavio, Palombara Sabina, Roccagiovine, Tivoli, Vicovaro.

Tivoli, Lazio
Tivoli (/ˈtɪvəli/ TIV-ə-lee; Italian: [ˈtiːvoli]; Latin: Tibur) is a town and comune in Lazio, Central Italy, 30 kilometres (19 miles) north-east of the city centre of Rome, at the falls of the Aniene river where it issues from the Sabine Hills. The city offers a wide view over the Roman Campagna.
Gäu Plateaus
The Gäu Plateaus (German: Neckar- und Taubergäuplatten) form the largest natural region in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. Not surprisingly, the individual geographical units of this large region show considerable variations in climate and soil types. A common feature of the region, however, is its landscape of flat-topped hills of Muschelkalk, gently rolling tracts of loess and plateaus in which the layers of Muschelkalk have been covered by sediments of Gipskeuper and Lettenkeuper.

The Gäu Plateaus are the northwestern part of the Southern Scarplands.

Federal Agency for Nature Conservation
The German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (German: Bundesamt für Naturschutz, BfN) is the German government's scientific authority with responsibility for national and international nature conservation. BfN is one of the government's departmental research agencies and reports to the German Environment Ministry (BMU).

The Agency provides the German Environment Ministry with professional and scientific assistance in all nature conservation and land management issues and in international cooperation activities. BfN furthers its objectives by carrying out related scientific research and is also in charge of a number of funding programmes.

BfN additionally performs important enforcement work under international agreements on species conservation and nature conservation, the Antarctic Treaty, and the German Genetic Engineering Act.
Nelliyalam
Nelliyalam is a municipality in The Nilgiris district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. As of 2011, the town had a population of 44,590.

The taluk headquarters of Pandalur and Devala (located in Gudalur taluk) are part of Nelliyalam municipality.

Kolathiri
Kolathiri or Kolathiri Rājā (Kannada: [koːlɐt̪ːiɾi ɾaːdʒaː]) (King of Kolathunādu or King of Cannanore in foreign accounts) was the title by which the senior-most male along the matrilineal line of the Mushika or Kolathunādu Royal Family (Kolaswarũpam) based in the North Malabar region was styled. It is a descendant of the Mushika dynasty.
Penhale Peak
Penhale Peak (77°37′S 162°47′E﻿ / ﻿77.617°S 162.783°E﻿ / -77.617; 162.783) is a peak 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km) east of Mount Torii on the north wall of Taylor Valley, Victoria Land. The peak rises to 1,600 m directly north of the west end of Lake Hoare. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (1997) after Polly A. Penhale, biologist, Program Manager for Polar Biology and Medicine, Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation (NSF), from 1986; co-editor (with C. Susan Weiler) of Ultraviolet Radiation in Antarctica: Measurements and Biological Effects, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., 1994.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Penhale Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Lake Hoare
Lake Hoare is a lake about 4.2 kilometres (2.6 mi) long between Lake Chad and Canada Glacier in Taylor Valley, Victoria Land, Antarctica. Its surface area measures 1.94 square kilometres (0.75 sq mi). The lake was named by the 8th Victoria University of Wellington Antarctic Expedition (VUWAE), 1963–64, for physicist Ray A. Hoare, a member of the VUWAE that examined lakes in Taylor, Wright, and Victoria Valleys.

Lake Hoare is dammed by the tongue of Canada Glacier, otherwise it would drain into Lake Fryxell, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) northeast across the glacier tongue. Lake Chad, only 5 metres (5.5 yd) southeast of Lake Hoare, sometimes overflows into Lake Hoare.
2004–05 Los Angeles Clippers season
The 2004–05 Los Angeles Clippers season was the Clippers' 35th season in the National Basketball Association, and their 21st season in Los Angeles. With a young team with some promising talent led by Elton Brand and Corey Maggette, the Clippers got off to a solid start with an 11–7 record, but then lost five straight as they played around .500 for the first half of the season. However, after holding a 23–23 record as of February 3, the team struggled and lost eight straight games, losing nine of their twelve games during the month. The Clippers continued to struggled as they finished third in the Pacific Division with a 37–45 record, which was three more wins than their crosstown rival, the Los Angeles Lakers. However, the Clippers missed the playoffs for eight straight seasons. Bobby Simmons was named Most Improved Player of The Year averaging 16.4 points per game. Following the season, he left to sign as a free agent with the Milwaukee Bucks.

Bobby Simmons
Bobby Simmons (born June 2, 1980) is an American former professional basketball player. During his NBA career, Simmons played for five NBA teams between 2001 and 2012. He won the NBA Most Improved Player Award in 2005.
2015 Sparkassen Open – Doubles
The 2015 Sparkassen Open - Doubles was part of a professional tennis tournament played in Braunschweig, Germany, between 6-11 July 2015 as part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour.

Swedish Andreas Siljeström and Slovak Igor Zelenay were the defending champions.  Siljeström played alongside German Frank Moser and lost to Spanish pair Marcel Granollers and Pere Riba in the first round, while Zelenay teamed with Polish player Mateusz Kowalczyk and also lost in the first round to Austrian pair Julian Knowle and Philipp Oswald.

Belarusian Sergey Betov and Russian Michail Elgin won the title, defeating Bosnian Damir Džumhur and Croatian Franko Škugor in the final, 3–6, 6–1, [10–5].

Brawo Open
The Brawo Open (formerly known as the Nord/LB Open until 2010 and the Sparkassen Open until 2021) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is held annually at the Braunschweiger Tennis und Hockey Club in Braunschweig, Germany, since 1994 and it is the longest-running German Challenger and the ninth longest-running event on the Challenger Tour.

In 2005, 2014, 2015, and 2016 the tournament received the ATP Challenger of the Year award from the ATP.
CSM Făgăraș (football)
Clubul Sportiv Municipal Făgăraș (Romanian pronunciation: [fəɡəˈraʃ]), commonly known as CSM Făgăraș or simply as Făgăraș, is a football team from Făgăraș, Brașov County, Romania, founded in 1922.

CSM Făgăraș spent most of its existence between the second and third tier and its fall, reported in recent years, was determined by the collapse of the Făgăraș Chemical Compound, the main sponsor of the team.

Liga III
The Liga 3, most often spelled as Liga III, is the third level of the Romanian football league system. It was founded in 1936 and was called Divizia C until 2006. An exception was the seasons 1992–93 to 1996–97, in which the league was called Divizia B. Its name was changed from Divizia C to Liga III before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Gmina Tuczno
Gmina Tuczno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wałcz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuczno, which lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) south-west of Wałcz and 107 km (66 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 249.90 square kilometres (96.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,925 for a population density of 19.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (51/sq mi); the population of Tuczno is 1,965, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,960.

Wałcz County
Wałcz County (Polish: powiat wałecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Wałcz, which lies 127 kilometres (79 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains three other towns: Mirosławiec, 27 km (17 mi) west of Wałcz, Człopa, 31 km (19 mi) south-west of Wałcz, and Tuczno, 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Wałcz.

The county covers an area of 1,414.79 square kilometres (546.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 54,639, out of which the population of Wałcz is 26,140, that of Mirosławiec is 2,633, that of Człopa is 2,390, that of Tuczno is 1,965, and the rural population is 21,511.
Norway national badminton team
The Norway national badminton team (Norwegian: Norges landslag i badminton) represents Norway in international badminton team competitions. It is controlled by the Norwegian Badminton Association. Norway participated in the Sudirman Cup until 2007. The national team have never qualified nor competed in the Thomas Cup and the Uber Cup.

Norway is also a medal contender in para-badminton. The nation has won a few gold medals at the BWF Para-Badminton World Championships, with most medals being won by para-badminton player Helle Sofie Sagøy.

Germany national badminton team
The Germany national badminton team (German: Deutsche badminton-nationalmannschaft) represents Germany in international badminton team competitions. It is controlled by the German Badminton Association (German: Deutscher Badminton-Verband), the national organization for badminton in the nation. Germany have two bronze finishes at the Uber Cup, particularly in 2006 and 2008. The women's team were also champions in the 2012 Women's Team Badminton Championships.

In the mixed team competition, the German team won gold in the 2013 European Mixed Team Badminton Championships after upsetting Denmark with a score of 3-0 in the final tie.
Bobbie Aanstad
Borghild Amelia "Bobbie" Aanstad (28 July 1901 – 2 August 1991) was a Norwegian American woman who was among the last survivors of the 1915 SS Eastland ship disaster in Chicago. Only thirteen at the time of the disaster, she and her family were trapped within the ship following its capsizing for hours until rescue. Her descendants would go on to found the Eastland Disaster Historical Society.

Norwegian Americans
Norwegian Americans (Norwegian: Norskamerikanere/Norskamerikanarar) are Americans with ancestral roots in Norway.  Norwegian immigrants went to the United States primarily in the latter half of the 19th century and the first few decades of the 20th century. There are more than 4.5 million Norwegian Americans, according to the 2021 U.S. census; most live in the Upper Midwest and on the West Coast of the United States.
Score! A Concert Celebrating Music Composed for Television
Score! A Concert Celebrating Music Composed for Television was a live concert sponsored by the Academy of Television Arts and Sciences, which presented iconic and contemporary television music performed by a 65-piece orchestra and a 40-voice choir.

Trevor Morris (musician)
Trevor Morris (born 25 May 1970) is a Canadian orchestral composer and music producer. His scores include the television shows The Tudors,  The Pillars of the Earth, The Borgias, and Vikings; the film Olympus Has Fallen and its sequel London Has Fallen; and the video game Dragon Age: Inquisition. He was nominated for an Emmy for Outstanding Original Main Title Theme Music for his score for The Borgias and for Outstanding Music Composition for a Miniseries, Movie or A Special (Original Dramatic Score) for his score for The Pillars of the Earth.
Killian Spillane
Killian Spillane is a Gaelic footballer who plays for the Templenoe club and the Kerry county team.

Killian Spillane is the son of Tom. His uncles Mick and Pat also played for Kerry, as has his brother Adrian.

2014 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 2014 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship is the premier "knockout" competition for under-18 competitors who play the game of Gaelic football in Ireland. The games are organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association. The 2014 series of games started in May with the majority of the games played during the summer months. The All-Ireland Minor Football Final took place on 21 September in Croke Park, Dublin, preceding the Senior Game. In 2014 the title sponsor was Electric Ireland.

In the final, Kerry defeated Donegal by 0-17 to 1-10 to win their first minor title since 1994.

Numerous players who started for the finalists, Donegal and Kerry, were involved for their counties in the 2025 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final, including, for Donegal, Eoghan Bán Gallagher and Caolan McGonagle, two of the players named to start in 2025, while 2025 substitutes Jamie Brennan and Stephen McMenamin began the 2014 minor decider as well.