hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1994 Páez River earthquake
The 1994 Páez River earthquake occurred on June 6 with a moment magnitude of 6.8 at a depth of 12 km (7.5 mi). The event, which is also known as the Páez River disaster, included subsequent landslides and mudslides that destroyed the small town of Páez, located on the foothills of the Central Ranges of the Andes in Cauca in south-western Colombia. It was estimated that 1,100 people, mostly from the Páez, were killed in some 15 settlements on the Páez River basin, Cauca and Huila departments of which the eponymous town of Páez suffered 50% of the death toll. In response to the disaster, the government created the Nasa Kiwe Corporation to bring relief to the area, and begin the reconstruction of the affected areas.

Cauca Department
Cauca Department (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkawka], Spanish: Departamento del Cauca) is a department of Southwestern Colombia. Located in the southwestern part of the country, facing the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Valle del Cauca Department to the north, Tolima Department to the northeast, Huila Department to the east, and Nariño Department to the south. Putumayo and Caqueta Departments border the southeast portion of Cauca Department as well. It covers a total area of 29,308 km2 (11,316 sq mi), the 13th largest in Colombia. Its capital is the city of Popayán. The offshore island of Malpelo belongs to the department. It is located in the southwest of the country, mainly in the Andean and Pacific regions (between 0°58′54″N and 3°19′04″N latitude, 75°47′36″W and 77°57′05″W longitude) plus a tiny part (Piamonte) in the Amazonian region. The area makes up 2.56% of the country.
Biblián Formation
The Biblián Formation is an Early Miocene (Colhuehuapian in the SALMA classification) geologic formation of the Cuenca Basin in Ecuador. Fossils of the endemic species Xenastrapotherium aequatorialis have been found in the formation. X.aequatorialis It is the oldest species of its genus

Colhuehuapian
The Colhuehuapian age is a period of geologic time (21.0–17.5 Ma) within the Early Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification in South America. It follows the Deseadan and precedes the Santacrucian age.
Titucia gens
The gens Titucia, occasionally spelled Tituccia, was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Few members of this gens are mentioned in history, of whom the most illustrious was Titucius Roburrus, praefectus urbi in AD 283.  Others are known from inscriptions.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Constitutional Court of Colombia
The Constitutional Court of Colombia (Spanish: Corte Constitucional de Colombia) is the supreme constitutional court of Colombia. Part of the Judiciary, it is the final appellate court for matters involving interpretation of the Constitution with the power to determine the constitutionality of laws, acts, and statutes.

The court was established by the Constitution of 1991, alongside the Supreme Court of Justice, Council of State, and Superior Council of Judicature. Its first session began in March 1992. The court is housed within the shared judicial complex of the Palace of Justice located on the north side of Plaza de Bolívar in the La Candelaria neighborhood of Bogotá.

The Constitutional Court consists of nine magistrates who are elected by the Senate of Colombia from ternary lists drawn up by the President, the Supreme Court of Justice, and the Council of State. The magistrates serve for a term of eight years. The court is headed by a President and Deputy President.

Constitutional court
A constitutional court is a high court that deals primarily with constitutional law. Its main authority is to rule on whether laws that are challenged are in fact unconstitutional, i.e. whether they conflict with constitutionally established rules, rights, and freedoms, among other things.
Louis Pierre Manuel
Louis Pierre Manuel (French pronunciation: [lwi pjɛʁ manɥɛl]; July 1751 – 14 November 1793) was a republican French writer, municipal administrator of the police, and public prosecutor during the French Revolution who was arrested, trialled and guillotined.

Prison de l'Abbaye
The Prison de l’Abbaye was a Paris prison in use from 1522 to 1854. The final building was built by Christophe Gamard in 1631 and made up of three floors, flanked by two turrets (or more exactly, échauguettes). It was the scene of a portion of the September Massacres, one of the bloodiest episodes of the French Revolution. Twenty-two priests were given summary trials and then killed by mob outside the church.

Madame Roland, wife of the Girondin Minister of the Interior Jean-Marie Roland, was interned here on her first arrest in 1793 before being transferred to Sainte Pélagie.
2009–10 Euroleague Quarterfinals
Results for Quarterfinals  of the 2009–10 Euroleague basketball tournament.

The quarterfinals will be played from March 23 to April 7, 2010. Team #1 (i.e., the group winner in each series) will host Games 1 and 2, plus Game 5 if necessary. Team #2 will host Game 3, plus Game 4 if necessary.

2009–10 Euroleague
The 2009–10 Euroleague was the 10th season of the Euroleague, a professional basketball competition for elite clubs throughout Europe organised by Euroleague Basketball Company, and it was the 53rd season of the premier competition for European men's clubs overall. The regular season featured 24 teams from 13 countries.

This season marked the first time since 2001–02 season that a qualifying round was used to determine the last two teams for the regular season. The qualifying round started on September 29, 2009, while the regular season of the Euroleague started on October 15, 2010. The season ended with the Euroleague Final Four, which was hosted at the Palais Omnisports de Paris-Bercy in Paris, France, with the final on May 9, 2010.
Trapeze
A trapeze is a short horizontal bar hung by ropes, metal straps, or chains, from a ceiling support. It is an aerial apparatus commonly found in circus performances. Trapeze acts may be static, spinning (rigged from a single point), swinging or flying, and may be performed solo, double, triple or as a group act.

The name of the apparatus reflects the trapezoid shape made by the horizontal bar, ropes and ceiling support.

Static trapeze
Static trapeze, also known as fixed trapeze, is a type of circus apparatus. In contrast to the other forms of trapeze, static trapeze the bars and ropes mainly stay in place.

Most often, the static trapeze is about 2 ft (0.6 m) wide and the bar is generally 1–1.5 in (2.5–3.8 cm) inches in diameter.  The ropes are usually 3–5 metres long, as many figures are performed on the ropes above the bar.  The ropes can be made of many materials, including cotton, hemp and corde lisse ropes. It can be performed by a single artist or two partners working together in what is referred to as duo trapeze. A single artist will do tricks above and below the bar, with the ropes being a central part of above bar tricks.
George Ward (luthier)
George Ward (Irish: Seoirse Mac an Bháird; c. 1715–1769) was an Irish luthier and maker of violins and cellos from Dublin. His instruments combine an original style with influences from the Stainer and Stradivari model. Two of his violins are housed in museum collections, one at the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin and the other at the Chimei Museum, Tainan, Taiwan.

Antonio Stradivari
Antonio Stradivari (/ˌstrædɪˈvɑːri/, also US: /-ˈvɛəri/, Italian: [anˈtɔːnjo stradiˈvaːri]; c. 1644 – 18 December 1737) was an Italian luthier and a craftsman of string instruments such as violins, cellos, guitars, violas and harps. The Latinized form of his surname, Stradivarius, as well as the colloquial Strad are terms often used to refer to his instruments. It is estimated that Stradivari produced 1,116 instruments, of which 960 were violins. Around 650 instruments survive, including 450 to 512 violins. His instruments are considered some of the finest ever made, and are extremely valuable collector's items.
427th Air Refueling Squadron
The 427th Air Refueling Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 4505th Air Refueling Wing at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia, where it was inactivated on 1 April 1963.

Boeing B-50 Superfortress
The Boeing B-50 Superfortress is a retired American strategic bomber. A post–World War II revision of the Boeing B-29 Superfortress, it was fitted with more powerful Pratt & Whitney R-4360 radial engines, stronger structure, a taller tail fin, and other improvements. It was the last piston-engined bomber built by Boeing for the United States Air Force, and was refined into Boeing's final such design, the prototype B-54. Although not as well known as its direct predecessor, the B-50 was in USAF service for nearly 20 years.

After their primary service with Strategic Air Command (SAC) ended, B-50s were modified to serve as KB-50 aerial tankers for Tactical Air Command (TAC) and WB-50 weather reconnaissance aircraft for the Air Weather Service. These tanker and hurricane-hunter variants were retired in March 1965 after metal fatigue and corrosion were found in the wreckage of a KB-50J, 48-065, that crashed on 14 October 1964.
International Sanamahism Students' Association
The International Sanamahism Students' Association (ISSA) (Meitei: Malem Sanamahi Laining Maheiroi Lup), also called the International Sanamahism Students' Association, Kangleipak (Meitei: Malem Sanamahi Laining Maheiroi Lup, Kangleipak), is an international non-governmental organization of students of Sanamahism (traditional Meitei religion).
It gives its services to the conservation and the upraising of the practices of Sanamahism in the society. It also draws the attention to the government of Manipur state to take up essential steps to protect Sanamahism from getting extinct.

Umang Lai
Umang Lai (Meitei: /ū-mang lāi/) refers to a group of ancient Meitei deities of the traditional Meitei religion (Sanamahism) who are worshipped as the local guardians of particular areas, especially sacred groves. These deities are worshipped annually. Their sacred groves are preserved by the Meitei people since ancient times, mostly in the Northeast Indian state of Manipur. Their pleasing ceremony is always celebrated every year through a music and dance festival, known as Lai Haraoba. There are more than 365 Umang Lai shrines in Manipur state alone.
They are integral parts of Meitei mythology, folklore and religion.
The cults of these deities vary from community to community.
Church of St Mary of the Angels, Hooton
The Church of St Mary of the Angels is in Welsh Road, Hooton, Cheshire, England.  It is an active Roman Catholic parish church in the diocese of Shrewsbury. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building. The authors of the Buildings of England series state that it is "an individual design".

Diocese of Shrewsbury
The Diocese of Shrewsbury (Latin: Dioecesis Salopiensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in the Province of Birmingham which encompasses the pre-1974 counties of Shropshire and Cheshire in the North West and West Midlands of England.

The diocese includes rural areas of Shropshire as well as Manchester south of the River Mersey and other urban areas such as  Birkenhead, Stockport and Ellesmere Port. The current bishop, Mark Davies, succeeded on 1 October 2010.
Gallium(III) oxide
Gallium(III) oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Ga2O3. An ultra-wide-bandgap semiconductor, it has been studied for applications in power electronics, phosphors, and gas sensing. The compound has several polymorphs, of which the monoclinic β-phase is the most stable.

Photodetector
Photodetectors, also called photosensors, are devices that detect light or other forms of electromagnetic radiation and convert it into an electrical signal. They are essential in a wide range of applications, from digital imaging and optical communication to scientific research and industrial automation. Photodetectors can be classified by their mechanism of detection, such as the photoelectric effect, photochemical reactions, or thermal effects, or by performance metrics like spectral response. Common types include photodiodes, phototransistors, and photomultiplier tubes, each suited to specific uses. Solar cells, which convert light into electricity, are also a type of photodetector. This article explores the principles behind photodetectors, their various types, applications, and recent advancements in the field.
Lehmann discontinuity
The Lehmann discontinuity is an abrupt increase of P-wave and S-wave velocities at the depth of 220 km (140 mi) in Earth's mantle, discovered by seismologist Inge Lehmann.   It appears beneath continents, but not usually beneath oceans, and does not readily appear in globally averaged studies. Several explanations have been proposed: a lower limit to the pliable asthenosphere, a phase transition, and most plausibly, depth variation in the shear wave anisotropy.

Asthenosphere
The asthenosphere (from Ancient Greek  ἀσθενός (asthenós) 'without strength') is the mechanically weak and ductile region of the upper mantle of Earth. It lies below the lithosphere, at a depth between c. 80 and 200 km (50 and 120 mi) below the surface, and extends as deep as 700 km (430 mi). However, the lower boundary of the asthenosphere is not well defined.

The asthenosphere is almost solid, but a slight amount of melting (less than 0.1% of the rock) contributes to its mechanical weakness. More extensive decompression melting of the asthenosphere takes place where it wells upwards, and this is the most important source of magma on Earth. It is the source of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) and of some magmas that erupt above subduction zones or in regions of continental rifting.
Kirils Tambijevs
Kirils Tambijevs (born February 4, 1992, in Riga, Latvia) is a Latvian ice hockey forward who has most recently played for Dinamo Riga of Latvian Hockey League. He has also played for Latvian National Junior team  His father is former Latvian national team player and current HK Riga coach Leonids Tambijevs.

Leonids Tambijevs
Leonīds Tambijevs (born September 26, 1970 in Riga, Soviet Union) is a former professional ice hockey left winger, currently serving as the head coach of Admiral Vladivostok in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).
1977 Fermanagh District Council election
Elections to Fermanagh District Council were held on 18 May 1977 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used five district electoral areas to elect a total of 20 councillors.

1977 Northern Ireland local elections
Elections for local government were held in Northern Ireland in May 1977.

The elections saw good performances by the four largest parties: the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), Alliance Party of Northern Ireland and Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), while smaller parties failed to make a breakthrough.  The DUP took control of their first council, Ballymena, while the UUP retained control of Banbridge.  The SDLP lost control of Magherafelt, their only council.
Holly Shelter Swamp
Holly Shelter Swamp is a pocosin in southern coastal North Carolina near Jacksonville, in Pender County. Much of the swamp is included in the 63,494-acre (25,695 ha) Holly Shelter Game Land, administered by the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission. The Bear Garden tract of the northern swamp has been logged and has a road grid. The swamp is drained by the Northeast Cape Fear River.

Pocosin
Pocosin is a type of palustrine wetland with deep, acidic, sandy, peat soils. Groundwater saturates the soil except during brief seasonal dry spells and during prolonged droughts. Pocosin soils are nutrient-deficient (oligotrophic), especially in phosphorus.

Pocosins occur in the southern portions of the Atlantic coastal plain of North America, spanning from southeastern Virginia, through North Carolina, and into South Carolina. The majority of pocosins are found in North Carolina. The Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge was created in 1984 to help preserve pocosin wetlands. The nearby Cedar Island National Wildlife Refuge also protects pocosin habitat.
Andean Region, Venezuela
The Andean Region (Spanish: Región de los Andes) is one of the nine administrative regions of Venezuela. It comprises the states of Barinas, Mérida, Táchira, and Trujillo, as well as the Páez Municipality in Apure.

This region borders the Zulian Region to the northwest, the Central-Western Region to the north, the Central Region to the northeast, and the Llanos Region to the east. It also shares an international border with Colombia to the south and west.

Zulian Region, Venezuela
The Zulian Region (Spanish: Región Zuliana) is one of the nine administrative regions of Venezuela. This region is coterminous with Zulia state  and is administrated by Corpozulia. The people from this region seek autonomy from the central government.
Missa Di dadi
The Missa Di dadi, also known as the Dice Mass or Missa N'aray je jamais mieulx, is a musical setting of the Ordinary of the Mass by Franco-Flemish composer Josquin des Prez, probably dating from around 1480.  It uses the chanson N'aray je jamais mieulx by Robert Morton as the source of its cantus firmus, and also contains unique visual and musical references to dice. The latter is thought to be a reference to the popularity of gambling in the court of the Sforza family at Milan, where Josquin wrote it.

Franco-Flemish School
The designation Franco-Flemish School, also called Netherlandish School, Burgundian School, Low Countries School, Flemish School, Dutch School, or Northern School, refers to the style of polyphonic vocal music composition originating from France and from the Burgundian Netherlands in the 15th and 16th centuries as well as to the composers who wrote it. The spread of their technique, especially after the revolutionary development of printing, produced the first true international style since the unification of Gregorian chant in the 9th century. Franco-Flemish composers mainly wrote sacred music, primarily masses, motets, and hymns.
Schauder basis
In mathematics, a Schauder basis or countable basis is similar to the usual (Hamel) basis of a vector space; the difference is that Hamel bases use linear combinations that are finite sums, while for Schauder bases they may be infinite sums. This makes Schauder bases more suitable for the analysis of infinite-dimensional topological vector spaces including Banach spaces.

Schauder bases were described by Juliusz Schauder in 1927, although such bases were discussed earlier. For example, the Haar basis was given in 1909, and Georg Faber discussed in 1910 a basis for continuous functions on an interval, sometimes called a Faber–Schauder system.

Linear span
In mathematics, the linear span (also called the linear hull or just span) of a set  of elements of a vector space  is the smallest linear subspace of  that contains  It is the set of all finite linear combinations of the elements of S, and the intersection of all linear subspaces that contain  It is often denoted span(S) or

For example, in geometry, two linearly independent vectors span a plane.

To express that a vector space V is a linear span of a subset S, one commonly uses one of the following phrases: S spans V; S is a spanning set of V; V is spanned or generated by S;  S is a generator set or a generating set of V.

Spans can be generalized to many mathematical structures, in which case, the smallest substructure containing  is generally called the substructure generated by
Humansdorp (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Humansdorp was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1994. It covered a rural area along the Indian Ocean coast, centred on the town of Humansdorp. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

Cape Provincial Council
The Cape Provincial Council was the provincial council of the Cape Province of South Africa. It was created by the South Africa Act 1909, with effect from the formation of the Union of South Africa on 31 May 1910. The first election to the provincial council took place on 15 September 1910 (also the day of the South African general election, 1910).

The provincial council continued to exist until 1986, when its functions were transferred to a strengthened executive authority appointed by the State President. The province itself was disbanded in 1994, when the provinces were reconstructed.
Tinnheia torv
Tinnheia torv is a neighbourhood in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the borough of Grim and in the district of Tinnheia. Tinnheia torv is the "centrum" of the district and it is located west of Kolsåsen, east of Koboltveien, and south of Tinnheia nord. There is an elementary school located there and it mostly consists of apartment buildings.

Tinnheia
Tinnheia is a district in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. The population is around 3,660 (2014). It is part of the borough of Grim, and it is generally populated with mostly apartment homes, with a high percentage of immigrants. West of Tinnheia is the district of Hellemyr, to the east is the district of Grim (centrum), and to the south is the district of Slettheia.

The district of Tinnheia includes an industrial area called Hannevika. Tinnheia has one elementary school, "Karl Johan Minneskole" (Karl Johan memory school). Public transport is available by Agder Kollektivtrafikk, stops at Tinnheia are located along Line 15 which goes from Kvadraturen-Tinnheia-Kvadraturen 4 times every hour. All the streets in Tinnheia is named after metal, "Tin"-Heia. Tinnheia has the second-most apartment buildings in Kristiansand after Kvadraturen (the city centrum). Tinnheia is the smallest district in area and the 10th largest in population.
Ruiz Foods
Ruiz Foods is an American food production and service company based in Frisco, Texas, founded in 1964 by Louis Ruiz and his son, Fred.

As of April 2010, it was the top seller of frozen Mexican dishes in the US and Canada. Under the brand names of El Monterey and Tornados it produces around 200 frozen Mexican foods for grocery stores throughout the US and Canada. These foods include burritos, taquitos, enchiladas, and tamales.

Ruiz Foods' main 300,000 sq ft (28,000 m2) manufacturing facility meets the needs of the Eastern and Midwestern US with two more facilities in Texas. In 2023, the company completed the relocation of its corporate headquarters from Dinuba, California, to Frisco, Texas.

Tamale
A tamale is a traditional Mesoamerican dish made of masa, a dough made from nixtamalized corn, which is steamed in a corn husk or banana leaves. The wrapping can either be discarded prior to eating or used as a plate. Tamales can be filled with meats, cheeses, fruits, vegetables, herbs, chilies, or any preparation according to taste, and both the filling and the cooking liquid may be seasoned.

Tamale is an anglicized version of the Spanish word tamal (plural: tamales). Tamal comes from the Nahuatl tamalli.

The English "tamale" is a back-formation from tamales, with English speakers applying English pluralization rules, and thus interpreting the -e- as part of the stem, rather than part of the plural suffix -es.