hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wang Ling's Rebellion
Wang Ling's Rebellion (Chinese: 王凌之亂), or the First Rebellion in Shouchun, was a punitive uprising in 251 led by Wang Ling, a general of the state of Cao Wei, against the regent Sima Yi and his clan. This was the first of a series of three rebellions that all took place in Shouchun (壽春; present-day Shou County, Lu'an, Anhui) in the 250s during the Three Kingdoms period in Chinese history.

Chi (unit)
The chi (Tongyong Pinyin chih) is a traditional Chinese unit of length. Although it is often translated as the "Chinese foot", its length was originally derived from the distance measured by a human hand, from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the forefinger, and is similar to the ancient span. It first appeared during China's Shang dynasty approximately 3,000 years ago and has since been adopted by other East Asian cultures such as Japan (shaku), Korea (ja/cheok), and Vietnam (thước). Its present value is standardized at around one-third meter (1 ft 1 in), although the exact standards vary among the mainland of the People's Republic of China, its special administrative region of Hong Kong, and Taiwan.

In its ancient and modern forms, the chi is divided into 10 smaller units known as cun (the "Chinese inch"). 10 chi are equal to 1 zhàng.
Wilberforce Park
Wilberforce Park is a heritage-listed public parkland at 47 George Road, Wilberforce, City of Hawkesbury, New South Wales, Australia. It was first established in 1810 by Governor Lachlan Macquarie and surveyed by James Meehan in 1811. It is also known as Great Square, Reserved Square and the Recreation Ground. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 18 November 2011.

St John's Anglican Church and Macquarie Schoolhouse
St John's Anglican Church and Macquarie Schoolhouse is a heritage-listed Anglican church building and church hall located at 43–43a Macquarie Road, Wilberforce, City of Hawkesbury, New South Wales, Australia. The church was designed by Edmund Blacket and built from 1819 to 1859 by James Atkinson, senior; and the schoolhouse was built by John Brabyn. The church is also known as the St. John's (Blacket) Church, while the hall (former schoolhouse) is also known as the Macquarie Schoolhouse/Chapel and the Wilberforce Schoolhouse. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 20 August 2010.
Kenan Bell
Kenan Bell is an independent hip hop artist and teacher from Los Angeles, CA. Kenan Bell's production team includes himself, Jason Burkhart and Jon Siebels. Kenan Bell is associated with Jon Siebels's Sonata Contata record label, having releases there.

In 2012 he became one of Vans's "Vans Custom Culture Ambassadors" with Cisco Adler and The Hold Steady.

Jon Siebels
Jonathan Lee "Jon" Siebels (born August 27, 1979) is an American musician, best known as the guitarist of the band Eve 6.

In 2005, Siebels co-founded the business Be in A Band, which offered courses to teach people how to be in a band.

In 2006, Siebels was part of the band Monsters are Waiting.
Al Safa
Al Safa (Arabic: الصفا) is a locality in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).  Al Safa is located in western Dubai and is bordered to the north by Jumeirah, to the south by Al Quoz, to the east by Al Wasl, and to the west by Al Manara. Al Safa is bounded to the northwest and southwest by routes D 92 (Al Wasl Road) and E 11 (Sheikh Zayed Road) respectively.

Al Safa is a residential area; Interchange No. 2 (Pepsi Interchange) of Sheikh Zayed Road forms the southeastern periphery of the locality. Al Safa terminates at Interchange No. 3. Al Safa is divided into two subcommunities — Al Safa 1 and Al Safa 2, which house extremely affluent residential communities.  Important landmarks in Al Safa include Emirates English Speaking School, Jumeirah English Speaking School and Jumeirah Primary School.

Al Manara, Dubai
Al Manara (Arabic: المنارة) is a locality in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).  Located in western Dubai, Al Manara is bordered to the north by Umm Suqeim, the east and south by Al Quoz and the west by Umm Al Sheif.  Al Manara, literally meaning The Beacon, is a developing residential community and houses many affluent villas and town housees.  The locality is bounded to the southeast by route E 11 (Sheikh Zayed Road).  Interchange No. 3 on Sheikh Zayed Road (also known as Al Manara Interchange) forms the southeasternmost section of the locality. Al Manara is separated from Umm Al Sheif by a local road (Al Thaniya Road).
NOAA-12
NOAA-12, also known as NOAA-D before launch, was an American weather satellite operated by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), an operational meteorological satellite for use in the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS). The satellite design provided an economical and stable Sun-synchronous platform for advanced operational instruments to measure the atmosphere of Earth, its surface and cloud cover, and the near-space environment.

Sun-synchronous orbit
A Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), also called a heliosynchronous orbit, is a nearly polar orbit around a planet, in which the satellite passes over any given point of the planet's surface at the same local mean solar time. More technically, it is an orbit arranged so that it precesses through one complete revolution each year, so it always maintains the same relationship with the Sun.
Gerach, Rhineland-Palatinate
Gerach (German pronunciation: [ˈɡeːʁax]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Herrstein-Rhaunen, whose seat is in Herrstein.

Herrstein
Herrstein (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛʁʃtaɪn]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Herrstein-Rhaunen.
Special access program
Special access programs (SAPs) in the U.S. federal government are security protocols that provide highly classified information with safeguards and access restrictions that exceed those for regular (collateral) classified information. SAPs can range from black projects to routine but especially-sensitive operations, such as COMSEC maintenance or presidential transportation support. In addition to collateral controls, a SAP may impose more stringent investigative or adjudicative requirements, specialized nondisclosure agreements, special terminology or markings, exclusion from standard contract investigations (carve-outs), and centralized billet systems. Within the Department of Defense, SAP is better known as "SAR" by the mandatory Special Access Required (SAR) markings.

Sensitive compartmented information
Sensitive compartmented information (SCI) is a type of United States classified information concerning or derived from sensitive intelligence sources, methods, or analytical processes. All SCI must be handled within formal access control systems established by the director of national intelligence.

SCI is not a classification; SCI clearance has sometimes been called "above Top Secret", but information at any classification level may exist within an SCI control system. When "decompartmentalized", this information is treated the same as collateral information at the same classification level.

The federal government requires the SCI be processed, stored, used or discussed in a sensitive compartmented information facility (SCIF).
William Adams (British Columbia politician)
William Adams (March 12, 1851 – July 1, 1936) was a farmer and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Cariboo in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from January 1894 to June 1898. He retired and did not seek a third term in the Legislature in the 1898 provincial election. Adams was not a member of a political party during his tenure as MLA, rather he was a member of the Davie and Turner government factions. He was unsuccessful when he tried to return to the Legislature in the 1903 provincial election, running in the Cariboo riding as a Conservative.

He was born in Dumfries Township, Canada West, the son of Scottish immigrants, and was educated there. In 1883, Adams married Charlotte McDonald. Adams was first elected to the assembly in an 1893 by-election held following the death of Ithiel Nason. He lived at Lightning Creek. Adams raised livestock. He owned Springfield Ranch, later selling it to his daughter and son-in-law. He died in Chilliwack in 1936.

John Herbert Turner
John Herbert Turner (May 7, 1834 – December 9, 1923) was a British Columbia politician.  Born in Claydon, Suffolk, England, Turner moved to British North America and worked as a merchant in Halifax and Charlottetown. In 1862 he moved to Victoria, on Vancouver Island, and founded Turner, Beeton and Co., which was involved in salmon canning, insurance and finance, importing and wholesaling.

Turner entered politics serving as mayor of Victoria from 1876 to 1881 and entered the provincial legislature in 1886 in the constituency of Victoria City. He served as minister of finance under successive premiers from 1887 to 1895 and as the 11th premier of British Columbia from 1895 to 1898. From 1901 to 1915 he was the province's representative in London where he retired. He died in Richmond in 1923.
Yi Pyŏk
Yi Pyŏk (Korean: 이벽; Hanja: 李檗, 1754-1785) was a scholar of Korea’s later Joseon period who, in 1784, played a leading role in the foundation of Korea's first Catholic community.  It is reported in one source that his original name was Yi Taek-jo.

Chŏng Yakchong
Chŏng Yakchong (Korean: 정약종; Hanja: 丁若鍾; 1760 – April 8, 1801), also known as Augustine Chong, was a Korean Catholic martyr who contributed greatly to the spread of Catholicism in Korea. He was the older brother of Chŏng Yagyong and the father of Paul Chong Hasang.

He wrote the first Catholic catechism using only Korean letters so that he could reach out to the common people as well as the nobles who were the only ones in Korean society who could read Chinese characters. He was first converted to Catholicism himself by the Chinese priest Chou Wen-Mu.
2006–07 FIBA EuroCup Challenge
The 2006–07 FIBA EuroCup Challenge was the fifth edition of Europe's fourth-tier level transnational competition for men's professional basketball clubs. The season had the participation of 16 teams. The Russian club CSK VVS-Samara won the title, after beating the Cypriot club Keravnos in the Final.

FIBA EuroCup Challenge
The FIBA EuroCup Challenge was the 4th-tier level transnational professional continental club basketball competition in Europe, organised by FIBA Europe. However, it was considered Europe's 2nd tier level club basketball competition in its inaugural 2002–03 season.

The competition was founded in 2002, following a conflict between FIBA Europe and ULEB during the 2001–02 season. It was an attempt by FIBA to expand its secondary tournament held during the previous season:, the FIBA Europe Regional Challenge Cup, by merging it with the FIBA Europe Champions Cup.

Each season's finalists were promoted to the next season's more prestigious 3rd-tier level competition, the FIBA EuroChallenge. The competition ultimately ceased in 2007.
History of chemistry
The history of chemistry represents a time span from ancient history to the present. By 1000 BC, civilizations used technologies that would eventually form the basis of the various branches of chemistry. Examples include the discovery of fire, extracting metals from ores, making pottery and glazes, fermenting beer and wine, extracting chemicals from plants for medicine and perfume, rendering fat into soap, making glass,
and making alloys like bronze.

The protoscience of chemistry, and alchemy, was unsuccessful in explaining the nature of matter and its transformations. However, by performing experiments and recording the results, alchemists set the stage for modern chemistry. The history of chemistry is intertwined with the history of thermodynamics, especially through the work of Willard Gibbs.

Phlogiston theory
The phlogiston theory, a superseded scientific theory, postulated the existence of a fire-like  element dubbed phlogiston (/flɒˈdʒɪstən, floʊ-, -ɒn/) contained within combustible bodies and released during combustion. The name comes from the Ancient Greek φλογιστόν phlogistón (burning up), from φλόξ phlóx (flame). The idea of a phlogistic substance was first proposed in 1669 by Johann Joachim Becher and later put together more formally in 1697 by Georg Ernst Stahl. Phlogiston theory attempted to explain chemical processes such as combustion and rusting, now collectively known as  oxidation. The theory was challenged by the concomitant mass increase and was abandoned before the end of the 18th century following experiments by Antoine Lavoisier in the 1770s and by other scientists. Phlogiston theory led to experiments that ultimately resulted in the identification (c. 1771), and naming (1777), of oxygen by Joseph Priestley and Antoine Lavoisier, respectively.
Yüksektepe, Kızıltepe
Yüksektepe (Kurdish: Girelî) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kızıltepe, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Erbanî tribe and had a population of 111 in 2021.

Kızıltepe
Kızıltepe (Turkish pronunciation: [kɯˈzɯɫtepe]; Kurdish: Qoser; Ottoman Turkish: تال ارمين, romanized: Tell Armen, lit. 'Armenian hill') is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,236 km2, and its population is 267,151 (2022). It is mainly populated by Kurds of the Kîkan Kurdish tribe. Kızıltepe is situated in Mardin Province within the broader Kurdish-majority region of southeastern Turkey. Demographic research has identified the Mardin region as having a predominantly Kurdish-speaking population, with Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) as the principal spoken language. Kızıltepe is predominantly inhabited by Kurds and is situated within Mardin Province, which demographic studies have consistently identified as a Kurdish-majority province with high concentrations of Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) speakers.
An Dialog etre Arzur Roe d'an Bretounet ha Guynglaff
An Dialog etre Arzur Roe d'an Bretounet ha Guynglaff ("The Dialogue Between Arthur, King of the Bretons, and Guynglaff") is an anonymous poem in 247 lines relating the apocalyptic prophecies which King Arthur extracted from one Guynglaff, a wild man, prophet and magician closely analogous to Merlin in the earliest Welsh tradition.  It dates from about the middle of the 15th century, making it the oldest surviving work of literature in the Breton language.

Apocalyptic literature
Apocalyptic literature is a genre of prophetical writing that developed in post-Exilic Jewish culture and was popular among millennialist early Christians. Apocalypse (Ancient Greek: ἀποκάλυψις, romanized: apokálupsis) is a Greek word meaning "revelation", "an unveiling or unfolding of things not previously known and which could not be known apart from the unveiling".

As a genre, apocalyptic literature details the authors' visions of the end times/end of the age as revealed by an angel or other heavenly messenger. The apocalyptic literature of Judaism and Christianity embraces a considerable period, from the centuries following the Babylonian exile down to the close of the Middle Ages.
Ted (airline)
Ted was one of two airline divisional brands of United Airlines. It targeted vacation locations primarily served by the low cost airline market, in contrast to the company's high-end premium transcontinental brand, United p.s. (which focused on business travelers between United's two California hubs and New York City). "Ted" comes from the last three letters in the United brand name. United marketed Ted anthropomorphically and attempted to personify Ted; it used phrases such as Meet Ted or I've Met Ted.

Due to the airline crisis caused by spiking fuel prices, on June 4, 2008, United announced that the Ted brand and services would be discontinued. The Ted aircraft were refitted with a First Class cabin and re-incorporated into United's mainline fleet to compensate for the retirement of United's entire Boeing 737 fleet. Operations were folded back into the mainline brand on January 6, 2009.

United Airlines
United Airlines, Inc. is a major airline in the United States headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. It operates an extensive domestic and international route network across the United States and to destinations on six continents. Regional service is provided by independent carriers operating under the United Express brand, and the Star Alliance, of which United was one of the five founding airlines, extends its network throughout the world.

The principal figure behind the formation of the airline was William E. Boeing, founder of the Boeing Aircraft Company in 1916. He launched an air service between Victoria, British Columbia, and Seattle and later acquired three additional airlines, completing the merger by 1931 to form United Air Lines. Through successive mergers and acquisitions, United has remained one of the largest airlines in the world for much of its history.
1994–95 FIBA European Cup
The 1994–95 FIBA European Cup was the twenty-ninth edition of FIBA's 2nd-tier level European-wide professional club basketball competition. It occurred between September 6, 1994, and March 14, 1995. The final was held at the Abdi İpekçi Arena, Istanbul, Turkey. Benetton Treviso defeated Taugrés, in front of 6,000 spectators.

FIBA Saporta Cup
The FIBA Saporta Cup, founded as FIBA European Cup Winners Cup, was the name of the second-tier level European-wide professional club basketball competition, where the domestic National Cup winners, from all over Europe, played against each other. The competition was organized by FIBA Europe. It was named after the late Raimundo Saporta, a former Real Madrid director.
Nannophryne variegata
Nannophryne variegata, known also as the Eden Harbour toad or Patagonian toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in southern Argentina (from Neuquén southwards) and Chile. There is also a record from Peru, but this requires confirmation given its great geographic and ecological isolation. It occurs in Tierra del Fuego south to 53°S, making it the southernmost amphibian in the world, a record shared with Batrachyla antartandica.

Its natural habitats are temperate to cold humid forests, bogs, and Magellanic tundra. It occurs in marshes, under logs in the Nothofagus forest region as well as tundra surrounded by low stature Nothofagus forest in the subantarctic region. Reproduction takes place in shallow temporary pools and swamps. It is a locally abundant species that tolerates some disturbance.

Nothofagus
Nothofagus, also known as the southern beeches, is a genus of 43 species of trees and shrubs native to the Southern Hemisphere, found across southern South America (Chile, Argentina) and eastern and southeast Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, and New Caledonia. The species are ecological dominants in many temperate forests in these regions. Some species are reportedly naturalised in Germany and Great Britain. The genus has a rich fossil record of leaves, cupules, and pollen, with fossils extending into the late Cretaceous period and occurring in Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica, and South America.
Georges Colombier
Georges Colombier (born 8 March 1940 in Bourgoin-Jallieu, Isère) was a member of the National Assembly of France from 1986 to 2012.  He represented the 7th constituency of the Isère department, as a member of a number of groups, most recently the Union for a Popular Movement.

Isère
Isère (US: /iːˈzɛər/ ee-ZAIR; French: [izɛʁ] ⓘ; Arpitan: Isera; Occitan: Isèra, Occitan pronunciation: [iˈsɛɾa]) is a landlocked department in the southeastern French region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Isère, it had a population of 1,271,166 in 2019. Its prefecture is Grenoble. It borders Rhône to the northwest, Ain to the north, Savoie to the east, Hautes-Alpes to the south, Drôme and Ardèche to the southwest and Loire to the west.
Charleston Naval Shipyard
Charleston Naval Shipyard (formerly known as the Charleston Navy Yard) was a U.S. Navy ship building and repair facility located along the west bank of the Cooper River, in North Charleston, South Carolina and part of Naval Base Charleston.

Joint Base Charleston
Joint Base Charleston (IATA: CHS, ICAO: KCHS, FAA LID: CHS) is a United States military facility located partly in the city of North Charleston, South Carolina, and partly in the city of Goose Creek, South Carolina. The facility is under the jurisdiction of the United States Air Force's 628th Air Base Wing of the Air Mobility Command (AMC).

The facility is an amalgamation of the United States Air Force's Charleston Air Force Base and the United States Navy's Naval Support Activity Charleston which were merged on 1 October 2010. Of the three Naval Weapons Stations on the U.S. East Coast, the Charleston facility is the largest.

A joint civil-military airport, Joint Base Charleston shares runways with Charleston International Airport for commercial airline operations on the south side of the airfield and general aviation aircraft operations on the east side.
Play It Again Sports
Play It Again Sports is a chain store in the United States and Canada that buys and sells used and new sporting goods. They try to keep a forty–sixty split between used and new equipment respectively. Most franchisees will also provide skate sharpening.

Play It Again Sports started in 1983 by Martha Morris of Minneapolis, she made over US$120,000  in her first year. Franchising began in the year 1988, growing to over 260 stores in the United States and 39 in Canada. In 1990 Morris sold it to two financial consultants by the names of Jeffrey Dahlberg and Ronald Olson whom later re-branded to the Winmark Corporation.  All stores are independently owned and operated.

Chain store
A chain store or retail chain is a retail outlet in which several locations share a brand, central management, and standardized business practices. They have come to dominate many retail markets, dining markets, and service categories in many parts of the world. A franchised retail establishment is one form of a chain store.  In 2005, the world's largest retail chain, Walmart, became the world's largest corporation based on gross sales.
Macedonian front
The Macedonian front, also known as the Salonica front (after Thessaloniki), was a military theatre of World War I formed as a result of an attempt by the Allied Powers to aid Serbia, in the autumn of 1915, against the combined attack of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria. The expedition came too late and with insufficient force to prevent the fall of Serbia and was complicated by the internal political crisis in Greece (the National Schism). Eventually, a stable front was established, running from the Albanian Adriatic coast to the Struma River, pitting a multinational Allied force against the Bulgarian army, which was at various times bolstered with smaller units from the other Central Powers. The Macedonian front remained stable, despite local actions, until the Allied offensive in September 1918 resulted in Bulgaria capitulating and the liberation of Serbia.

Latomeio, Kilkis
Latomeio (Greek: Λατομείο, also: Latomi or Karathodoreika) is a small village of Polykastro municipal unit of the municipality of Paionia, Kilkis regional unit. Its inhabitants were 12 people in 2001 census.  The former name was  Spantzovon or Spantzion until 1928. It is 5km northeast of Polykastro, near the international road Thessaloniki - Belgrade.

It was abandoned in 1920 after the Neuilly treaty and it was re-inhabited by two Sarakatsani clans (Karathodoros': 5 families  and Arkoudas': 1 family), which used to transfer their sheep in Vermion Mountains, in summer.