hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Premiership of John Swinney
John Swinney's term as First Minister of Scotland began on 8 May 2024, when he was formally sworn into office at the Court of Session, upon Humza Yousaf's resignation.

Swinney previously served as leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP) from 2000 to 2004, when the party was in opposition. Yousaf announced his resignation as party leader and first minister on 29 April 2024, amid a government crisis. Swinney announced his leadership bid on 2 May, but faced potential leadership challenges from Kate Forbes and Graeme McCormick. Both candidates eventually decided not to stand and endorsed Swinney, who was therefore elected unopposed as the SNP party leader on 6 May.

His early premiership was marked by the loss of 39 seats at the 2024 United Kingdom general election in Scotland, reducing the SNP to the second-largest party in Scotland and the fourth-largest party in the Westminster Parliament.

Cabinet Secretary for Economy and Gaelic
The Cabinet Secretary for Economy and Gaelic is a position in the Scottish cabinet since May 2024. The current Cabinet Secretary is Kate Forbes, who has served since May 2024 alongside her role as Deputy First Minister.

The Cabinet Secretary is supported by the Minister for Business and Employment, Richard Lochhead.
Shaddad
Shaddād (Arabic: شدّاد), also known as Shaddād bin ʽĀd (Arabic: شدّاد بن عاد), was the legendary tyrannical king in Arabian folklore. The lost Arabian city of Iram of the Pillars, which is mentioned in Sura 89 of the Qur'an, it typically attributed to being his realm. Various sources suggest Shaddad was the son of 'Ad al-Miltat ibn Saksak ibn Wa'il ibn Himyar.

According to the Qu'ran, Iram of the Pillars was a city of occult worshippers of stone idols, who defied the warnings of the prophet Hud. To punish them, God sent a drought. But the people would not repent, so they were destroyed by a furious wind, from which only Prophet Hud and a few believers emerged. Which later descended to the tribe of Thamud, which stayed in Northern Arabia around the Nabatean Kingdom. While Ad may have stayed in Southern Arabia around Yemen or Oman.

There is no mention of Shaddad in archaeological or Quranic records.

Iram of the Pillars
Iram of the Pillars (Arabic: إرَم ذَات ٱلْعِمَاد, romanized: Iram dhāt al-ʿimād; an alternative translation is Iram of the tentpoles), also called "Irum", "Irem", "Erum", or the "City of the pillars", is a lost city mentioned in the Quran.
Make America Crip Again
Make America Crip Again is the second extended play by American rapper Snoop Dogg. The EP was released on October 27, 2017, by Doggystyle Records and Empire Distribution. It features guest appearances from Chris Brown, O.T. Genasis and October London, among others, with production from Kid Capri and Dâm-Funk, among others. It was preceded by two singles, "Dis Finna Be a Breeze!" and "M.A.C.A.".

O. T. Genasis
Odis Oliver Flores (born June 18, 1987), better known by his stage name O. T. Genasis, is an American rapper. Flores is best known for his 2014 single "CoCo" and its 2015 follow-up "Cut It" (featuring Young Dolph), both of which peaked within the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100 and received double platinum certifications by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).
Ruggles Mine
Ruggles Mine is an open-pit mine that was turned into a tourist attraction. It was closed but was sold multiple times and reopened in 2024. The mine is located 40 miles (64 km) northwest of Concord, New Hampshire, in the town of Grafton, a short distance from Route 4 at the village green. The spacious pit includes tunnels and underground chambers, some of which are filled with water. Visitors are allowed to keep any of the various minerals that they find on the mine floor or that can be hammered loose from the walls of the pit.

Mica
Micas (/ˈmaɪkəz/ MY-kəz) are a group of silicate minerals whose outstanding physical characteristic is that individual mica crystals can easily be split into fragile elastic plates. This characteristic is described as perfect basal cleavage. Mica is common in igneous and metamorphic rock and is occasionally found as small flakes in sedimentary rock. It is particularly prominent in many granites, pegmatites, and schists, and "books" (large individual crystals) of mica several feet across have been found in some pegmatites.

Micas are used in products such as drywalls, paints, and fillers, especially in parts for automobiles, roofing, and in electronics. The mineral is used in cosmetics and food to add "shimmer" or "frost".
Servoz station
Servoz station (French: Gare de Servoz) is a railway station in the commune of Les Houches, but near Servoz, in the French department of Haute-Savoie. It is located on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge Saint-Gervais–Vallorcine line of SNCF.

Les Houches
Les Houches (French pronunciation: [le.z‿uʃ]; Arpitan: Les Ouches or Les Oucies) is an alpine commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Southeastern France. It is located just west of Chamonix-Mont-Blanc, in the larger canton of Le Mont-Blanc.
Derby of the Eternal Enemies (basketball)
The Derby of the Eternal Rivals (Greek: Ντέρμπι των αιωνίων αντιπάλων), also called Mother of All Battles (Greek: Μητέρα των μαχών), is the name of the basketball local derby in Attica (Piraeus and Athens) between Olympiacos and Panathinaikos. The Greek powerhouses have won a combined ten EuroLeague titles since 1996, thus being among the most successful clubs in European basketball history. Panathinaikos basketball club has won seven EuroLeague titles and Olympiacos has won three EuroLeague titles. Their rivalry inside and outside the Greek borders is considered one of the most thrilling in the basketball world.

Peace and Friendship Stadium
The Peace and Friendship Stadium (Greek: Στάδιο Ειρήνης και Φιλίας, romanized: Stadio Eirinis kai Philias), commonly known by its acronym SEF (Greek: ΣΕΦ), is a multi-purpose indoor arena that is located in Piraeus, on the coastal zone of Attica, Greece. The arena is mostly known for being the home to EuroLeague team Olympiacos, and is the central venue of the Faliro Coastal Zone Olympic Complex. It opened in 1985 and its design was inspired by Palasport di San Siro.

The arena complex also contains a 942-seat amphitheater, a weight training room, a full practice facility, three auxiliary courts that house the Olympiacos youth clubs, and the Olympiacos team office. It is also used as training center for the Hellenic Amateur Athletic Association.
Human givens
This is about psychotherapy. See Human condition for the general topic.

Human Givens is a theory in psychotherapy proposed by Joe Griffin and Ivan Tyrrell in the late 1990s, and amplified in the 2003 book Human Givens: A new approach to emotional health and clear thinking.  
Human Givens therapy draws on several psychotherapeutic models, such as motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioural therapy, psychoeducation, interpersonal therapy, imaginal exposure therapy and NLP such as the Rewind Technique.

Abraham Maslow
Abraham Harold Maslow (/ˈmæzloʊ/ MAZ-loh; April 1, 1908 – June 8, 1970) was an American psychologist who created Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization.

Maslow was a psychology professor at Cornell University, Brooklyn College, Brandeis University, The New School for Social Research, and Columbia University. He stressed the importance of focusing on the positive qualities in people, as opposed to treating them as a "bag of symptoms". A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Maslow as the tenth most cited psychologist of the 20th century.
Rapid Eye Mount telescope
The Rapid Eye Mount telescope (REM) is a fully automatic, 60 cm aperture telescope located at ESO's La Silla Observatory at 2,400 metres altitude on the edge of the Atacama Desert in Chile. The telescope's aim is to catch the afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). REM is triggered by a signal from a high-energy satellite such as Swift and rapidly points to the detected location in the sky. It is operated for the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics since 2002.

Telescope
A telescope is a device used to observe distant objects by their emission, absorption, or reflection of electromagnetic radiation. Originally, it was an optical instrument using lenses, curved mirrors, or a combination of both to observe distant objects – an optical telescope. Nowadays, the word "telescope" is defined as a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.

The first known practical telescopes were refracting telescopes with glass lenses and were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century. They were used for both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

The reflecting telescope, which uses mirrors to collect and focus light, was invented within a few decades of the first refracting telescope.

In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s.
POSCO
POSCO (formerly Pohang Iron and Steel Company) is a South Korean steel manufacturer headquartered in Pohang, South Korea. It had an output of 42,000,000 metric tons (41,000,000 long tons; 46,000,000 short tons) of crude steel in 2015, making it the world's Seventh-largest steelmaker by this measure. In 2010, it was the world's largest steel manufacturing company by market value. Also, in 2024, it was named as the world's 233rd-largest corporation by the Fortune Global 500.

POSCO currently operates two integrated steel mills in South Korea, in Pohang and Gwangyang. POSCO previously operated a joint venture with U.S. Steel, USS-POSCO Industries, in Pittsburg, California, United States, but U.S. Steel acquired full ownership of the facility in February 2020.

Share (finance)
A share (sometimes someone can refer to as stock or equity) is a unit of equity ownership in the capital stock of a corporation. It can refer to units of mutual funds, limited partnerships, and real estate investment trusts. Share capital refers to all of the shares of an enterprise. The owner of shares in a company is a shareholder (or stockholder) of the corporation. A share expresses the ownership relationship between the company and the shareholder. The denominated value of a share is its face value, and the total of the face value of issued shares represent the capital of a company, which may not reflect the market value of those shares.

The income received from the ownership of shares is a dividend. There are different types of shares such as equity shares, preference shares, deferred shares, redeemable shares, bonus shares, right shares, and employee stock option plan shares.
Eli Erlick
Eli Erlick (born July 10, 1995) is an American activist, writer, and academic. She is the author of Before Gender: Lost Stories from Trans History, 1850–1950 and founder of the organization Trans Student Educational Resources.

Glamour (magazine)
Glamour is a multinational online women's magazine published by Condé Nast Publications and based in New York City. It was originally called Glamour of Hollywood. From 1939 to 2019, Glamour was a print magazine. Due to decreasing numbers of subscribers, Glamour's last print edition was in January 2019.
International response to Innocence of Muslims protests
Following the 2012 diplomatic missions attacks that began on September 11, 2012, many nations and public officials released statements. Widespread early news coverage said that the protests were a spontaneous response to an online preview of Innocence of Muslims, a movie considered offensive to Muslims. Later consideration of the Libya attack's complexity, of statements made by some Libyan officials, and of the potentially symbolic date (the anniversary of the September 11 attacks) fueled speculation of preplanned efforts. U.S. missions in Cairo, Egypt, and Benghazi, Libya, were attacked during the first day of the protest.

Marine Corps Security Force Regiment
The Marine Corps Security Force Regiment is a dedicated expeditionary security and anti-terrorism regiment of the United States Marine Corps. Its mission is to provide security forces to guard high-value naval installations, most notably those containing nuclear vessels and weapons. Additionally, it also provides the Fleet Anti-terrorism Security Teams (FAST) and Recapture Tactics Teams (RTT). Marines who complete Security Forces training are assigned a secondary Military Occupational Specialty (MOS) of 8152 (Marine Corps Security Force Guard), while instructors can earn 8153 (Marine Corps Security Force Cadre Trainer).
Ethegotherium
Ethegotherium is an extinct genus of Notoungulates, belonging to the suborder Typotheria. It lived from the Lower to the Middle Miocene, and its fossilized remains were discovered in South America. It might be a synonym of the genus Prohegetotherium.

Typotheria
Typotheria is a suborder of the extinct South American native ungulate order Notoungulata. A majority of the members of this clade were superficially similar to lagomorphs and rodents, though this is due to convergence. The clade was named after Typotherium, a synonym of Mesotherium.
Lamivudine/nevirapine/zidovudine
Lamivudine/nevirapine/zidovudine (3TC/NVP/AZT) is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV/AIDS. It contains lamivudine, nevirapine, and zidovudine. It is either used by itself or along with other antiretrovirals. It is a recommended treatment in those who are pregnant. It is taken by mouth twice a day.

The medication is generally well tolerated. Side effects are those of the underlying medications. This includes rash, pancreatitis, low white blood cell levels, and muscle pain. Use is not recommended in those with significant liver problems. Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding appear to be safe. The combination tablet is typically not appropriate for children.

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. The combination is not commercially available in the United States as of 2018.

Nevirapine
Nevirapine (NVP), sold under the brand name Viramune among others, is a medication used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS, specifically HIV-1. It is generally recommended for use with other antiretroviral medications. It may be used to prevent mother to child spread during birth but is not recommended following other exposures. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include rash, headache, nausea, feeling tired, and liver problems. The liver problems and skin rash may be severe and should be checked for during the first few months of treatment. It appears to be safe for use during pregnancy. It is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and works by blocking the function of reverse transcriptase.

Nevirapine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1996. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication.
2007 UCI Women's Road World Cup
The 2007 UCI Women's Road World Cup was the tenth edition of the UCI Women's Road World Cup. Eight of the twelve races from the 2006 World Cup were retained and one new race was added to give a total of nine races. The races that were left off the calendar were the New Zealand World Cup, GP Castilla y Leon, L'Heure D'Or Féminine and the Lowland International Rotterdam Tour. The Dutch race the Ronde van Drenthe was the sole addition.

UCI Women's Road World Cup
The UCI Women's Road Cycling World Cup was a season-long road bicycle competition for women organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale between 1998 and 2015. This competition consisted of a series (which has varied from 6 to 12 events) of races linked together, not only by a common designation, but also by a yearly overall points competition.

Each World Cup race was a one-day event, with courses ranging from relatively flat, criterium-like courses, to those which have much climbing, as exemplified by La Flèche Wallonne Féminine which ends on the famed Mur de Huy climb with several sections exceeding 15% grades.

From 2016, the competition was replaced by the UCI Women's World Tour – which includes stage stages as well as one-day events, including many races used in the World Cup.
St Aidan's Catholic Academy
St Aidan's Catholic Academy (formerly St Aidan's Catholic School) is a Roman Catholic boys' secondary school and sixth form with academy status, situated in the Ashbrooke area of Sunderland. It caters for boys from ages 11 to 18, providing GCSE and A Level and BTEC qualifications as part of its teaching programme. The school was founded by the Christian Brothers, and is coupled with St Anthony's Girls' Catholic Academy, its sister school which is located nearby.

It is also twinned with St Joseph's Agricultural School In Blama, Sierra Leone.

Monkwearmouth railway station
Monkwearmouth is a former railway station that served Monkwearmouth in the English city of Sunderland, from 1848 to 1967. It was built in 1848 to a design by Thomas Moore and was once the main railway station in the city. The railway station closed in March 1967 and featured a restored booking office dating from the Edwardian period. The building was used by the Monkwearmouth Station Museum from 1973 to 2017 and as of 2018 is home to The Fans Museum.
Daily Sport
The Daily Sport was a tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom by Daily Sport Ltd., which specialised in celebrity news and softcore pornographic stories and images. The daily paper was launched in 1991 by David Sullivan, following its former Sunday sister title, Sunday Sport (first published in 1986). It ceased publication and entered administration on 1 April 2011.

Following the purchase on 7 June by the telecom, travel and internet entrepreneur Grant Miller, the new online Daily Sport was relaunched on 17 August 2011 with sports coverage plus classified advertising for the first time in its twenty-year history. There are not thought to be any plans for a print relaunch; however, Midweek Sport, Weekend Sport and Sunday Sport are still published by Sunday Sport (2011) Ltd.

Softcore pornography
Softcore pornography or softcore porn is commercial still photography, film, imagery, text or audio content that has a pornographic or erotic component but which is less sexually graphic than hardcore pornography, lacking sexual penetration and other sexual activities. It typically contains nude or semi-nude models or actors in suggestive poses or scenes, and is intended to be sexually arousing and beautiful in an aesthetic sense.

The distinction between softcore pornography and erotic photography, or erotic art such as Vargas girl pin-ups, is largely a matter of debate. When the subject is naked, the image must be differentiated from nude art, and photos belong within the broader category of nude photography.
Areilycus
In Greek mythology, Areilycus (Ancient Greek: Ἀρηίλυκος) was the name of two mythical personages in Homer's Iliad

Areilycus, one was the father of Archesilaus and Prothoenor. He is more commonly known as Archilycus.

Areilycus, son of Menoetius, who was wounded in the thigh while fleeing by Patroclus. The spear broke Areilycus's bone, and the text strongly implies that Areilycus dies from his wound. Areilycus is frequently referenced as one character in the Iliad whose death does not have any metaphor or symbolism about it, and whose involvement in the narrative seems to be a plain description of action.

Patroclus
Patroclus (generally pronounced /pəˈtroʊkləs/; Ancient Greek: Πάτροκλος, romanized: Pátroklos, lit. 'glory of the father') was a Greek hero of the Trojan War and close companion of the hero Achilles in Greek mythology. Patroclus is an important character in Homer's Iliad. Although Homer does not explicitly describe Patroclus and Achilles as lovers, later ancient authors often interpreted their relationship in this manner.

Born in Opus, Patroclus was the son of the Argonaut Menoetius. When he was a child, he was exiled from his hometown and was adopted by Peleus, king of Phthia. There, he was raised alongside Peleus's son, Achilles. When the tide of the Trojan War turned against the Achaeans, Patroclus, disguised as Achilles and defying his orders to retreat in time, led the Myrmidons in battle against the Trojans and was eventually killed by the Trojan prince, Hector. Enraged by Patroclus's death, Achilles ended his refusal to fight, resulting in significant Greek victories.
St John of Beverley Church, Beverley
St John of Beverley Church is a Roman Catholic parish church in Beverley, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It was built from 1897 to 1898 in the Gothic revival style. It is located on the corner of York Street and the North Bar in the centre of the town. It is a Grade II listed building.

Beverley Bar
Beverley Bar or Beverley North Bar is a 15th-century gate situated in Beverley, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is designated a Grade I listed building and is now recorded in the National Heritage List for England, maintained by Historic England. The bar is located between North Bar Without and North Bar Within, close to Beverley St Mary's and abuts buildings on either side. Traffic is limited to single file through the bar arch and controlled by a set of lights.
East Butterwick
East Butterwick is a village and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England. It lies in the Isle of Axholme, about 4 miles (6 km)  north-east from  Epworth and 4 miles north from Owston Ferry, on the eastern bank of the River Trent opposite its neighbour West Butterwick. The population of the civil parish as at the 2011 census was 135.

Epworth, Lincolnshire
Epworth is a market town and civil parish on the Isle of Axholme, in North Lincolnshire, England. The town lies on the A161, about halfway between Goole and Gainsborough. As the birthplace of John Wesley and Charles Wesley, it has given its name to multiple institutions associated with Methodism. Their father, Samuel Wesley, was the rector from 1695 to 1735.
Hell's Kitchen (American TV series) season 15
The fifteenth season of the American competitive reality television series Hell's Kitchen premiered on Fox on January 15, 2016, and concluded on April 29, 2016. Gordon Ramsay returned as host and head chef, while Aaron Mitrano debuted as the Blue Team's sous-chef, replacing James Avery, and season 10 winner Christina Wilson returned as the Red Team's sous-chef, replacing Andi Van Willigan-Cutspec. Marino Monferrato returned as maître d'. Jason Thompson returned as narrator for the first time since season 12.

The season was won by country club chef Ariel Malone, with line cook Kristin Barone finishing second.

Hell's Kitchen (American TV series) season 12
The twelfth season of the American competitive reality television series Hell's Kitchen premiered on Fox on March 13, 2014, and concluded on July 24, 2014. Gordon Ramsay returned as the host and head chef, Andi Van Willigan returned as the Red Team's sous-chef, James Avery returned as the Blue Team's sous-chef, and Jean-Philippe Susilovic returned as the maître d'.

Executive chef Scott Commings won the season, with sous-chef Jason Zepaltas finishing second.