hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2017 IBU Open European Championships
The 24th IBU Open European Championships were held in Duszniki-Zdrój, Poland from January 25 to January 29, 2017.

There were total of 8 competitions held: Single Mixed Relay, Relay Mixed, Sprint Women, Sprint Men, Pursuit Women, Pursuit Men, Individual Women and Individual Men.

Biathlon European Championships
The Biathlon European Championships are the top-European competitions in biathlon. The first edition was held in 1994, with sprint, pursuit, individual and relay. The number of events has grown significantly over the years. Till 2015, the competitions included also junior events but since 2016 the Junior Championships are held separately.
Anglesey Airport
Anglesey Airport (Welsh: Maes Awyr Môn) (IATA: VLY, ICAO: EGOV) is a disused airport situated at Llanfair-yn-Neubwll in Anglesey, Wales. The airport is owned by the Isle of Anglesey County Council on land leased from the Defence Infrastructure Organisation. The leased site is part of RAF Valley.

Cardiff Airport
Cardiff Airport (Welsh: Maes Awyr Caerdydd) (IATA: CWL, ICAO: EGFF) is an airport in Rhoose, Vale of Glamorgan, to the south-west of Cardiff, United Kingdom. It is the only airport offering commercial passenger services and cargo services in Wales. The airport is owned by the Welsh Government, operating it at arm's length as a commercial business.
Cervellati Glacier
Cervellati Glacier (78°23′S 85°43′W﻿ / ﻿78.383°S 85.717°W﻿ / -78.383; -85.717) is a 5 nmi (9 km; 6 mi) long glacier situated on the southeast of Patton Glacier and northwest of Ramorino Glacier on the east slope of Sentinel Range in the Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  It flows northeastwards between Tyree Ridge and Epperly Ridge, and enters Crosswell Glacier southeast of Mount Bearskin. The feature was named by US-ACAN in 2006 after Roberto Cervellati, Italian representative to the SCAR Expert Group on Geographic Information, 1992–2006, and director of the SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica in the same period.

Patton Glacier
Patton Glacier (78°16′S 85°25′W﻿ / ﻿78.267°S 85.417°W﻿ / -78.267; -85.417) is a broad tributary glacier in the Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains. It drains the east slope of the main ridge between Mounts Ostenso and Tyree, flows east-northeastwards between Evans Peak and Versinikia Peak on the north and Mount Bearskin on the south, and enters Ellen Glacier northeast of Zalmoxis Peak and southeast of Mount Jumper.

The feature was first mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1957–59. It was named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Sgt. Richard J. Patton, United States Air Force (USAF), the first to parachute land at the South Pole, November 26, 1956. He gave valuable assistance on the ground in directing the air drops from Globemaster aircraft, used in transporting supplies to establish the South Pole Station.
2025 FIBA U16 Women's Asia Cup
The 2025 FIBA U16 Women's Asia Cup was an international under-16 girls' basketball tournament that was played from 13 to 28 September 2025 in Seremban, Malaysia.

The eighth edition of the biennial competition, this was also the FIBA Asia's qualifying tournament for the 2026 FIBA Under-17 Women's Basketball World Cup in the Czech Republic, where the top four teams qualified.

2023 FIBA U16 Women's Asian Championship
The 2023 FIBA U16 Women's Asian Championship was an international under-16 girls' basketball tournament that was held from 10 to 16 July 2023 in Amman, Jordan.

The seventh edition of the biennial competition, this was also the FIBA Asia's qualifying tournament for the 2024 FIBA Under-17 Women's Basketball World Cup in Mexico.
2018–19 Arsenal F.C. season
The 2018–19 season was Arsenal's 27th season in the Premier League, 102nd overall season in the top flight and 93rd consecutive season in the top flight of English football. The club participated in the Premier League and the UEFA Europa League, and participated in the FA Cup and the EFL Cup.

This was Arsenal's first season in 22 years without manager Arsène Wenger. For the second consecutive season, Arsenal qualified for the UEFA Europa League, improving on the last season's result and reaching the final where they were defeated by rivals Chelsea. This was the club's first and only full season under manager Unai Emery.

2018–19 FA Cup
The 2018–19 FA Cup (also known as the Football Association Challenge Cup) was the 138th edition of the oldest football tournament in the world. It was sponsored by Emirates and known as The Emirates FA Cup for sponsorship purposes. It started with the extra preliminary round on the weekend of 11 August 2018 and concluded with the final on 18 May 2019.

Premier League side Chelsea were the defending champions, but were eliminated by Manchester United, whom they beat in the previous season's final, in the fifth round. Manchester City won their sixth FA Cup title and their first since 2011. Having 
won the EFL Cup and the Premier League earlier in the season, they became the first English club to complete a domestic treble.
Muhamed Mehmedbašić
Muhamed Mehmedbašić (Serbian Cyrillic: Мухамед Мехмедбашић; 1887 – 29 May 1943) was a Serb revolutionary and the main planner in the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, which led to a sequence of events that resulted in the outbreak of World War I.

Ilidža
Ilidža (Serbian Cyrillic: Илиџа, pronounced [i.lǐ.dʒa]) is a spa town and a municipality located in Sarajevo Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It has a total population of 66,730 with 63,528 in Ilidža itself, and is a chief suburb of Sarajevo and de facto its neighborhood. It is best known for the Vrelo Bosne spring, as well as the natural environment of its surroundings and historical tradition dating back to Neolithic times. Sarajevo International Airport is located nearby.
Christopher Hussey (historian)
Christopher Edward Clive Hussey CBE (21 October 1899 – 20 March 1970) was a British architecture writer. He was one of the chief authorities on British domestic architecture of the generation that also included Dorothy Stroud and Sir John Summerson.

Dorothy Stroud
Dorothy Nancy Stroud MBE (11 January 1910 – 27 December 1997) was an English museum curator and biographer.

After Stroud died in 1997 her ashes went to Croome Park. A plaque by the statue of Capability Brown records her role in renewing interest in his life and works.
Solenopsis amblychila
Solenopsis amblychila is a species of ant (in the genus of "fire ants" or Solenopsis) native to the southwestern United States. It can withstand very dry conditions but may be found in well watered lawns, and is usually found to nest in soil, under rocks, or under pieces of wood. A notable trait of this species is its pale golden or yellow coloration which makes it commonly mistaken for Solenopsis aurea, which also has a golden coloration. Workers are known to be polymorphic, and contain both major and minor workers in colonies.

Solenopsis aurea
Solenopsis aurea, also commonly called the golden fire ant, is a species of ant native to the southwestern United States and Northern Mexico. Workers have a pale golden coloration with occasional brown spots.
1987–88 Australian Tri-Series
The 1987–88 World Series was a One Day International (ODI) cricket tri-series where Australia played host to New Zealand and Sri Lanka. Australia and New Zealand reached the Finals, which Australia won 2–0.

Australian Tri-Series
The Australian Tri-Series was an annual one day international (ODI) cricket tournament held in Australia, and contested by Australia and two touring teams.

The series was the primary format for international one-day cricket throughout most of the early history of ODI cricket in Australia, staged during the height of the Australian cricket season, in the summer months of December, January and February. The tri-series was first held in 1979–80 and was contested every season until 2007–08. It has since been held only twice since 2007–08, and ODI cricket has since been played as bilateral ODI series against a single touring opponent.
Steep Point
Steep Point is the westernmost point of mainland Australia. It is located within the Gascoyne region of Western Australia, 670 kilometres (420 mi) north of the state's capital Perth, in the proposed Edel Land National Park. It is also a part of the Shark Bay World Heritage Site.
The point was named Steyle Hock by Willem de Vlamingh in 1697.

Shark Bay
Shark Bay (Malgana: Gathaagudu, lit. 'two waters') is a World Heritage Site in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia. The 23,000-square-kilometre (8,900 sq mi) area is located approximately 800 kilometres (500 mi) north of Perth, on the westernmost point of the Australian continent.

UNESCO's listing of Shark Bay as a World Heritage Site reads:

Shark Bay's waters, islands and peninsulas....have a number of exceptional natural features, including one of the largest and most diverse seagrass beds in the world. However, it is for its stromatolites (colonies of microbial mats that form hard, dome-shaped deposits which are said to be the oldest life forms on earth), that the property is most renowned. The property is also famous for its rich marine life including a large population of dugongs, and provides a refuge for a number of other globally threatened species.

The bay features Australia's most abundant marine ecosystems. It is a popular fishing spot.
Koszul–Tate resolution
In mathematics, a Koszul–Tate resolution or Koszul–Tate complex of the quotient ring R/M is a projective resolution of it as an R-module which also has a structure of a dg-algebra over R, where R is a commutative ring and M ⊂ R is an ideal. They were introduced by Tate (1957) as a generalization of the Koszul resolution for the quotient R/(x1, ...., xn) of R by a regular sequence of elements. Friedemann Brandt, Glenn Barnich, and Marc Henneaux (2000) used the Koszul–Tate resolution to calculate BRST cohomology. The differential of this complex is called the Koszul–Tate derivation or  Koszul–Tate differential.

Regular sequence
In commutative algebra, a regular sequence is a sequence of elements of a commutative ring which are as independent as possible, in a precise sense. This is the algebraic analogue of the geometric notion of a complete intersection.
Alpine plant
Alpine plants are plants that grow in an alpine climate, which occurs at high elevation and above the tree line. There are many different plant species and taxa that grow as a plant community in these alpine tundra. These include perennial grasses, sedges, forbs, cushion plants, mosses, and lichens. Alpine plants are adapted to the harsh conditions of the alpine environment, which include low temperatures, dryness, ultraviolet radiation, wind, drought, poor nutritional soil, and a short growing season.

Some alpine plants serve as medicinal plants.

Vegetative reproduction
Vegetative reproduction (also known as vegetative propagation, vegetative multiplication or cloning) is a form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment or cutting of the parent plant or  specialized reproductive structures, which are sometimes called vegetative propagules.

Many plants naturally reproduce this way, but it can also be induced artificially. Horticulturists have developed asexual propagation techniques that use vegetative propagules to replicate plants. Success rates and difficulty of propagation vary greatly.  Monocotyledons typically lack a vascular cambium, making them more challenging to propagate.
Deinopoidea
The Deinopoidea or deinopoids are group of cribellate araneomorph spiders that may be treated as a superfamily. As usually circumscribed, the group contains two families: Deinopidae and Uloboridae.

Some studies have produced cladograms in which the Deinopoidea are paraphyletic. A review in 2014 concluded that "at this time the monophyly of Deinopoidea remains dubious".

Araneomorphae
The Araneomorphae (also called the Labidognatha or "true spiders") are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to those of Mygalomorphae (tarantulas and their close kin), which point straight down. Araneomorphs comprise the vast majority (about 92%) of living spiders.
2011 Edinburgh Sevens
The 2011 Edinburgh Sevens was a rugby union sevens tournament, part of the 2010–11 IRB Sevens World Series. The competition was held from May 28–29 at Murrayfield Stadium in Scotland and featured 16 teams.

Scotland Sevens
The Scotland Sevens was a rugby sevens tournament that was part of the Sevens World Series. In the 2014-15 season it was the penultimate event of the Sevens World Series circuit. It was first held in 2007 but has been removed from the series from the 2015-16 season.

Between 2007 and 2011 the tournament was held at Murrayfield in Edinburgh, then moving to Scotstoun Stadium in Glasgow from 2012. The agreement to host the tournament in Glasgow between the World Rugby, which operates the Sevens World Series, and the Scottish Rugby Union ran from 2012 for at least 3 years. The event was replaced in the World Sevens series by the France Sevens event from 2015–16 and will not return to the series until 2019 at the earliest.

The first and second tournaments were held near the beginning of June, with the airline Emirates as the title sponsor. Associated events have included a Festival of Rugby, which took place on the training pitches outside Murrayfield when it was held there.
2021 Route d'Occitanie
The 2021 Route d'Occitanie (known as the La Route d'Occitanie - La Dépêche du Midi for sponsorship reasons) was a road cycling stage race that took place between 10 and 13 June 2021 in the southern French region of Occitanie. The race was the 45th edition of the Route d'Occitanie and was rated as a category 2.1 event on the 2021 UCI Europe Tour.

2021 UCI Europe Tour
The 2021 UCI Europe Tour was the 17th season of the UCI Europe Tour. The season began on 24 January 2021 with the Clàssica Comunitat Valenciana 1969 – Gran Premio Valencia and ended on 24 October 2021 with the Ronde van Drenthe.

Throughout the season, points were awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determined how many points are awarded to the top finishers; the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points were awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest are as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.Pro, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.Pro, 1.1 and 1.2
Milwaukee Project
The Milwaukee Project was the name given to a program begun in the 1960s designed to improve the IQs and scholastic achievement of children at risk and to study the effects of intellectual stimulation on children from deprived environments. That name was originally intended to reflect the very positive results achieved according to its initial evaluation but upon further research the name became more of an irony as it was found that most of the data was fabricated without any evidence of the miraculous gains claimed at first.

Arthur Jensen
Arthur Robert Jensen (August 24, 1923 – October 22, 2012) was an American psychologist and writer. He was a professor of educational psychology at the University of California, Berkeley.  Jensen was known for his work in psychometrics and differential psychology, the study of how and why individuals differ behaviorally from one another.

He was a major proponent of the hereditarian position in the nature and nurture debate, the position that genetics play a significant role in behavioral traits, such as intelligence and personality. He was the author of over 400 scientific papers published in refereed journals and sat on the editorial boards of the scientific journals Intelligence and Personality and Individual Differences.

Jensen was controversial, largely for his conclusions regarding the causes of race-based differences in IQ.
Striking Cadre Battalions
Striking Cadre Battalions (Polish: Uderzeniowe Bataliony Kadrowe, UBK) were armed  anti-Nazi resistance units organized by the right-wing Polish resistance organization Confederation of the Nation. They existed between late 1942 and early 1944 (after August 1943 they were part of the Home Army).

Confederation of the Nation
Confederation of the Nation (Polish: Konfederacja Narodu) was one of the Polish resistance organizations in occupied Poland during World War II. KN was created in 1940 by the far-right National Radical Camp Falanga (ONR-Falanga) political party from several smaller underground organizations, including the Secret Polish Army (TAP). In the political realm it was opposed to more centrist mainstream resistance organizations (SZP and ZWZ). It would never attract major support and would remain marginal, eventually partially merging with ZWZ around 1941 and finally joining Armia Krajowa around fall 1943.
Herrmann Mountains
The Herrmann Mountains (72°33′S 0°30′E﻿ / ﻿72.550°S 0.500°E﻿ / -72.550; 0.500), known in German as the Herrmannberge, are a group of rocky elevations including the Hamrane Heights and the Roots Heights, rising between Reece Valley and Kvitsvodene Valley in the Sverdrup Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. They were discovered by the Third German Antarctic Expedition under Alfred Ritscher, 1938–39, and named for Ernst Herrmann, the geographer of the expedition. They were surveyed by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–52.

Sverdrup Mountains
The Sverdrup Mountains (Norwegian: Sverdrupfjella) are a group of mountains about 80 km (50 mi) long, standing just west of the Gjelsvik Mountains in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica. With its summit at 2,855 metres (9,367 ft), Hamartind Peak forms the highest point in the Sverdrup Mountains.
ENSafrica
ENS (officially Edward Nathan Sonnenbergs Inc.) is Africa's largest law firm. Headquartered in Sandton, South Africa, ENS has over 600 practitioners. The firm specialises in all commercial areas of law, tax, forensics, and intellectual property.

The firm is a Level 1 Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (BBBEE) contributor. ENS is one of the traditional "Big Five" law firms in South Africa.

Big Five (law firms) in South Africa
The Big Five law firms is a term informally used in South Africa to refer to those law firms which, collectively, are perceived to be the leading law firms based in South Africa.

The following firms are usually seen as comprising the "Big Five" (listed alphabetically):
Bigla Ridge
Bigla Ridge (Bulgarian: хребет Бигла, ‘Hrebet Bigla’ \'hre-bet 'bi-gla\) is the rocky, partly ice-free ridge extending 19 km in northwest-southeast direction, 8.8 km wide and rising to 1644 m (Stancheva Peak) on Foyn Coast, Antarctic Peninsula.  The ridge is crescent-shaped facing southwest and surmounting Sleipnir Glacier to the northwest and Beaglehole Glacier to the southwest, with its southeast half forming Heros Peninsula.

The feature is named after Bigla Peak in the Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria.

Foyn Coast
The Foyn Coast (66°40′S 64°20′W﻿ / ﻿66.667°S 64.333°W﻿ / -66.667; -64.333) is that portion of the east coast of the Antarctic Peninsula between Cape Alexander and Cape Northrop. It was discovered in 1893 by a Norwegian expedition under Captain Carl Anton Larsen, who named it for Svend Foyn, a Norwegian whaler of Tønsberg whose invention of the grenade harpoon greatly facilitated modern whaling.
Classic Cars
Classic Cars is a monthly British car magazine, focusing on buying, selling and driving classic cars. Outside of the UK, it is published as Thoroughbred & Classic Cars. The magazine was founded in October 1973 (as Classic Car) by IPC Magazines and was later acquired by Bauer Media Group.

Bauer Media Group
Heinrich Bauer Publishing (German: Heinrich Bauer Verlag KG), trading as Bauer Media Group, is a German multimedia conglomerate headquartered in Hamburg. It operates worldwide and owns more than 600 magazines, over 400 digital products and 50 radio and TV stations, as well as print shops, postal, distribution and marketing services. It also operates out-of-home advertising across Europe, following its takeover of Clear Channel Europe in April 2025. Bauer has a workforce of approximately 11,000 in 17 countries.

Bauer Verlagsgruppe has been managed by five generations of the Bauer family. In November 2010, Heinz Heinrich's daughter Yvonne Bauer became CEO and 85% owner of the Bauer Media Group after joining the family business in 2005.

In February 2021, Bauer Media Group announced it was to acquire Ireland's Communicorp Group, subject to regulatory approval. The acquisition was completed on 1 June 2021.
Augustinian soteriology
Augustinian soteriology refers to Augustine of Hippo's (354–430) view on human salvation and God's providence. His thinking was shaped by early encounters with Stoicism, Neoplatonism, and Manichaeism. Although initially opposing deterministic ideas, Augustine later incorporated elements of these philosophies, especially in his debates with the Pelagians. His doctrines, such as predestination by predeterminism, became foundational for later theological developments and had a lasting impact on Christian thought up to the Reformation. Augustine's influence on John Calvin (1509–1564) was particularly significant in shaping Calvinist soteriology and its understanding of divine providence.

Neoplatonism and Christianity
Neoplatonism was a major influence on Christian theology throughout Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages in the East, and sometimes in the West as well. In the East, major Greek Fathers like Basil, Gregory of Nyssa and Gregory of Nazianzus were influenced by Platonism and Neoplatonism, but also Stoicism often leading towards asceticism and harsh treatment of the body, for example stylite asceticism. In the West, St. Augustine of Hippo was influenced by the early Neoplatonists Plotinus and Porphyry. Later on, in the East, the works of the Christian writer Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, who was influenced by later Neoplatonists such as Proclus and Damascius, became a critical work on which Greek church fathers based their theology, like Maximus believing it was an original work of Dionysius the Areopagite.
Fife Lake, Saskatchewan
Fife Lake is a hamlet located between Coronach and Rockglen within Rural Municipality of Poplar Valley No. 12 in south-central Saskatchewan, Canada near the Canada–United States border. Approximately 40 people inhabited the village of Fife Lake in 2006. It is about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) east of Rockin Beach Park and Fife Lake.

Coronach, Saskatchewan
Coronach /ˈkɒrənæk/ is a town in southern Saskatchewan, Canada near the Canada–US border. It was founded in 1926 by the Canadian Pacific Railway and named after Coronach, the horse who had just won The Derby in England that year. Coronach was officially incorporated in 1928.