hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Castellar de n'Hug
Castellar de n'Hug (Catalan pronunciation: [kəstəˈʎa ðə ˈnuk]) is a municipality in the comarca of the Berguedà in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated on the southern slopes of the Pyrenean range of the Creueta. The Llobregat river has its source on the territory of the municipality. The village is served by the B-403 road, which links it with La Pobla de Lillet and which continues over the Creueta to the comarques of the Ripollès and the Cerdanya.

The Asland del Clot del Moro cement factory, now closed along with the railway line which linked it to 
Guardiola de Berguedà, is a notable example of modernista industrial architecture. The 
Roman church of Sant Vincenç de Rus conserves some original mural paintings.

La Pobla de Lillet
La Pobla de Lillet (Catalan pronunciation: [lə ˈpob.blə ðə liˈʎɛt]) is a municipality in the comarca of the Berguedà in Catalonia. It is located in the upper valley of the Llobregat river and is linked to Guardiola de Berguedà by Road B-402.

The town is home to the Artigas Gardens, a park designed by Antoni Gaudí in the 1900s. Other sights include the 15th-century bridge, the Sanctuary of Falgars and remains of the late 13th-century fortress.
Commonwealth banknote-issuing institutions
Commonwealth banknote-issuing institutions also British Empire Paper Currency Issuers comprises a list of public, private, state-owned banks and other government bodies and Currency Boards who issued legal tender: banknotes.

African Banking Corporation
The African Banking Corporation was a British overseas bank; its headquarters were in London but all its branches were overseas. Unusually, it was a consortium bank (i.e., other banks jointly owned it), rather than being owned by individuals. It operated primarily in South Africa. In 1920 the bank was bought out and merged with Standard Bank of South Africa.
2023 U-20 Copa Libertadores final
The 2023 U-20 Copa Libertadores final (Spanish: Final de la Copa Libertadores Sub-20 de 2023) was the final of the 7th. edition of the U-20 Copa Libertadores, an under age football competition organised by CONMEBOL. It was contested by Argentine side Boca Juniors and Ecuadorian team Independiente del Valle, and hosted by Estadio La Portada in the city of La Serena, Chile.

Boca Juniors defeated Indpendiente del Valle 2–0 to win their first U-20 Copa Libertadores. (and the second for an Argentine side). Forward Ignacio Rodríguez scored both goals for the Xeneizes.

U-20 Copa Libertadores
The CONMEBOL Under-20 Libertadores (Portuguese and Spanish: CONMEBOL Libertadores Sub 20) is the international association football club competition for teams that play in CONMEBOL leagues. It was created by Manuel Burga Seoane and the Peruvian Football Federation. The competition started in the 2011 season in response to the increased interest in youth football.
Gmina Wilamowice
Gmina Wilamowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Wilamowice, which lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Bielsko-Biała and 39 km (24 mi) south of the regional capital Katowice.
It is known for the Wymysorys language, which is spoken by some of the people here, mainly among the Vilamovian ethnic minority in Wilamowice.

The gmina covers an area of 56.72 square kilometres (21.9 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 17,613.

Bielsko County
Bielsko County (Polish: powiat bielski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Bielsko-Biała, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains three towns: Czechowice-Dziedzice, 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Bielsko-Biała, Szczyrk, 14 km (9 mi) south of Bielsko-Biała, and Wilamowice, 12 km (7 mi) north-east of Bielsko-Biała.

The county covers an area of 457.23 square kilometres (176.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 165,374, out of which the population of Czechowice-Dziedzice is 35,926, that of Szczyrk is 5,734, that of Wilamowice is 3,100, and the rural population is 120,614.
Christopher Chetsanga
Christopher J. Chetsanga (born 1935 in Murehwa, Rhodesia) is a prominent Zimbabwean scientist who is a member of the African Academy of Sciences and The World Academy of Sciences. He discovered two enzymes involved in DNA repair. He has also held various academic administrative posts like Vice-Chancellor, Director and Dean.

African Academy of Sciences
The African Academy of Sciences (AAS) is a non-aligned, non-political, not-for-profit, pan-African learned society formed in 1985.

The AAS elects fellows (FAAS) and affiliates. The AAS also awards the Obasanjo Prize for Scientific Discovery and Technological Innovation every two years to an outstanding scientist who contributed to the development of the continent.
2011 Chang-Sat Bangkok Open
The 2011 Chang-Sat Bangkok Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Bangkok, Thailand between 29 August and 4 September 2011.

Bangkok Challenger
The Bangkok Challenger (formerly known as SAT Bangkok Open, Chang-Sat Bangkok Open and KPN Bangkok Open) was a tennis tournament held in Bangkok, Thailand from 2009 until 2020. The event was part of the ATP Challenger Tour and was played on outdoor hardcourts.
The Tale of Thorstein Staff-Struck
The Tale of Thorstein Staff-Struck (Old Norse Þorsteins þáttr stangarhǫggs) is an Icelandic þáttr which tells the tale of a conflict between the houses of Thorarinn and Bjarni Brodd-Helgason at Hof, Iceland. The tale is thought to have originated in the mid-13th century; however, its earliest known record is on vellum fragments dated to the 15th century.  The vast majority of the modern translation comes from 17th century paper fragments. The þáttr is often examined as it is considered to have strong artistic merit, exemplify saga characteristics, and to be of an appropriate length to examine in its entirety.

Þáttr
The þættir (Old Norse singular þáttr, literally meaning a "strand" of rope or yarn) are short stories written mostly in Iceland during the 13th and 14th centuries.

The majority of þættir occur in two compendious manuscripts, Morkinskinna and Flateyjarbók, and within them most are found as digressions within kings' sagas. Sverrir Tómasson regards those in Morkinskinna, at least, as exempla or illustrations inseparable from the narratives that contain them, filling out the picture of the kings' qualities, good and bad, as well as adding comic relief.
Minister for Mental Health (New South Wales)
The Minister for Mental Health is a minister in the New South Wales Government with responsibility for hospitals and health services in regional New South Wales, Australia.

It was first established in 2005 in the First Iemma ministry as an assistant minister, before becoming a separate portfolio in 2011 in the O'Farrell ministry. The portfolio was not tasked with the management of a department.

The current minister is Rose Jackson since April 2023. Together with the Minister for Health, Minister for Regional Health and Minister for Medical Research, they administer the health portfolio through the Health cluster, including the Ministry of Health and a range of other government agencies, including local health districts and the NSW Ambulance service.

Minister for Health (New South Wales)
The New South Wales Minister for Health  is a minister in the New South Wales Government and has responsibilities which includes all hospitals, health services, and medical research in New South Wales, Australia.

Together they administer the health portfolio through the Health cluster, including the Ministry of Health, its Office of Medical Research, and a range of other government agencies, including local health districts and the NSW Ambulance service.

Ultimately, the ministers are responsible to the Parliament of New South Wales.
Barrett Deems
Barrett Deems (March 1, 1914 – September 15, 1998) was an American swing drummer from Springfield, Illinois. He worked in bands led by Louis Armstrong, Jimmy Dorsey, Red Norvo, and Muggsy Spanier.

In High Society, a 1956 film, Deems performs a drum solo during a scene in the back of a bus. In addition, when Louis Armstrong and His All Stars play "Now You Has Jazz", C. K. Dexter Haven (Bing Crosby) introduces the band members, including Deems, who performs a short drum solo.

Deems was married twice. He died in September 1998 of pneumonia at age 84. His second wife, Jane Johnson resides in Momence, Illinois.

Red Norvo
Red Norvo (born Kenneth Norville; March 31, 1908 – April 6, 1999) was an American musician, one of jazz's early vibraphonists, known as "Mr. Swing". He helped establish the xylophone, marimba, and vibraphone as jazz instruments. His recordings included "Dance of the Octopus", "Bughouse", "Knockin' on Wood", "Congo Blues", and "Hole in the Wall".
Ngebuked
Ngebuked is a village on the west coast of Ngaraard State, Palau, where the Chief of Ngaraard, Maderangebuked is from. 
It has many stone pathways, ruins and graves scattered all over the surrounding hamlet. Its ruins consist of multi-leveled platforms where clans and families lived. At the center of the ancient site is the Bai ra Ngeruau, a large high platform where a bai, or men's meeting house, stood. The village even has a man-made channel from the sea for easy fishing and transportation access in ancient times.

Today, Ngebuked has a small population, because most of its inhabitants now live in the State of Koror. Ngebuked now has easy access to the newly made compact road. Ngebuked borders with Elab to the north, Ulimang to the southeast, and Ngkeklau to the south.

Maderangebuked
Maderangebuked is Ngaraard State's highest ranking chief title. This chief title is passed down to men, through their mother's family lineage.
The Chief Maderangebuked is considered the head of the council of chiefs in Ngaraard. The chief titles of Ngaraard are arranged, in order of rank, from top to bottom:

Maderangebuked

Beches

Kloulubak

Ngirarois

Ngirameketii

Today's present Maderangebuked is President Tommy Remengesau Jr.
The Telltale Moozadell
"The Telltale Moozadell" is the 35th episode of the American crime drama The Sopranos and the ninth of the show's third season. It was written by Michael Imperioli and directed by Dan Attias. It originally aired in the U.S. on April 22, 2001, on HBO.

Nine years after its debut, interest in this episode increased due to online views of a scene including pop singer Lady Gaga, then credited as Stefani Germanotta.

Adriana La Cerva
Adriana La Cerva is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos, portrayed by Drea de Matteo. She is the long-time girlfriend and, later, fiancée of Tony Soprano's protégé, Christopher Moltisanti. For her performance, de Matteo won the 2004 Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series.
2022 Farah Palmer Cup
The 2022 Farah Palmer Cup season is the 16th season of the competition. The regular season ran from 16 July to 28 August, with the playoffs running from 3 to 10 September. Canterbury won their fifth title after defeating Auckland in the Premiership final and Hawke's Bay won their first Championship title after beating Otago 24–20 at the Clutha Showgrounds in Balclutha.

2020 Farah Palmer Cup
The 2020 Farah Palmer Cup season was the 14th season of New Zealand's women's provincial rugby union competition since it changed formats in 2006, having not been held in 2010. The regular season began on 5 September with Waikato hosting a match against Northland. It involved the top thirteen rugby unions of New Zealand. The competition is known as the Farah Palmer Cup after former Black Ferns captain, Farah Palmer and it is the fifth season under this name. To cut down on travel, the teams were split into North and South pools for the 2020 season, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and thus no promotion or relegation was applied.
Derby Works
The Derby Works comprised a number of British manufacturing facilities designing and building locomotives and rolling stock in Derby, England. The first of these was a group of three maintenance sheds opened around 1840 behind Derby station. This developed into a manufacturing facility called the Midland Railway Locomotive Works, known locally as "the loco" and in 1873 manufacturing was split into locomotive and rolling stock manufacture, with rolling stock work transferred to a new facility, Derby Carriage & Wagon Works.

From its earliest days, it had carried out research and development in a number of areas, and in 1933 the London, Midland and Scottish Railway opened the LMS Scientific Research Laboratory. Around 1964, this became part of a new British Rail Research Division, based in the purpose-built Railway Technical Centre, which also housed the Department of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering (DM&EE) and later the headquarters of British Rail Engineering Limited.

Morecambe branch line
The Morecambe branch line is a railway line in Lancashire, England, running from Lancaster to Morecambe and Heysham, where trains connect with ferries to Douglas, Isle of Man. To reach Heysham, trains must reverse at Morecambe.

Almost all passenger services are operated by Northern. Most are shuttles between Lancaster and Morecambe, with only a limited service through to Heysham to connect with the ferries, primarily using Class 156 diesel multiple units. A few services continue beyond Lancaster to Skipton and Leeds (see Leeds–Morecambe line), and generally use Class 150 and (since December 2019) Class 158 units.

Since 1994, the two tracks between Bare Lane and Morecambe have been operated as two independent single lines, with no connection between them beyond Bare Lane. Only the southern line is connected to the Heysham branch.

The line also sees freight trains operated by Direct Rail Services, which serve Heysham nuclear power station.
Althausite
Althausite is a relatively simple magnesium phosphate mineral with formula Mg2(PO4)(OH,F). It is very rare. Original occurrences are magnesite deposits among serpentinites. It is named after Egon Althaus (born 1933), a mineralogist at the University of Karlsruhe, Germany.

Magnesite
Magnesite is a mineral with the chemical formula MgCO3 (magnesium carbonate). Iron, manganese, cobalt, and nickel may occur as admixtures, but only in small amounts. Magnesite occurs naturally in both cryptocrystalline and crystalline forms depending on the conditions of formation.

Magnesite is used in the production of magnesium oxide for the refractory lining of kilns and furnaces, as well as artistically in jewelry and sculpture. Since it may be formed by carbonation of magnesium serpentine, there have also been efforts to use magnesite for carbon sequestration.
1999 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1999 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 90th staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909. The draw for the opening fixtures took place on 11 December 1998.  The championship began on 18 June 1999 and ended on 21 November 1999. It was the last championship to be played using a straight knock-out format.

On 21 November 1999, Ballincollig won the championship after a 1–14 to 2–09 defeat of Blarney in the final at Páirc Uí Chaoimh. It was their seventh championship title overall and their first title since 1967.

Ballincollig's Podsie O'Mahony was the championship's top score wit 3-24.

1967 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1967 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 58th staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 29 January 1967. The championship ran from 2 April to 8 October 1967.

The final was played on 8 October 1967 at the Athletic Grounds in Cork, between Ballincollig and Youghal, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Ballincollig won the match by 3-08 to 3-07 to claim their sixth championship title overall and a first title in 28 years.
Meriden, West Midlands
Meriden is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull, West Midlands, England. Historically, it is part of Warwickshire and lies between the cities of Birmingham and Coventry. It is located close to the North Warwickshire district border within a green belt of the countryside known as the Meriden Gap and is in the ecclesiastical parish of the Diocese of Coventry.

The village is 7.5 miles (12 kilometres) east-northeast of Solihull, 7 miles (11 kilometres) west-northwest of Coventry and 12 miles (19 kilometres) east-southeast of Birmingham city centre. It was known as "Alspath" in the Domesday Book. The village gives its name to the Meriden parliamentary constituency, which was created in 1955 and covers the Meriden Gap. In the 2011 Census, the population of the Meriden parish was 2,719. The population is estimated to have risen to 3,096 by 2017.

Lady Godiva
Lady Godiva (/ɡəˈdaɪvə/; died between 1066 and 1086), in Old English Godgifu, was a late Anglo-Saxon noblewoman who is relatively well documented as the wife of Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and a patron of various churches and monasteries.

She is mainly remembered for a legend dating back to at least the 13th century, in which she rode naked – covered only by her long hair – through the streets of Coventry to gain a remission of the oppressive taxation that her husband, Leofric, imposed on his tenants. The name "Peeping Tom" for a voyeur originates from later versions of this legend, in which a man named Thomas watched her ride and was struck blind or dead.
Spring and Autumn Annals of Wu and Yue
The Spring and Autumn Annals of Wu and Yue (Chinese: 吴越春秋; pinyin: Wúyuè Chūnqiū) is an unofficial history from the time of the Eastern Han dynasty that consists of a collection sidenotes on historical events. The ten-volume book was written by Zhao Ye (赵晔), and narrates the history of battles between the states of Wu and Yue during the Spring and Autumn period. The text is richly styled and detailed in a way that resembles texts from the School of "Minor-talks" (小說家/小说家; Xiaoshuojia) within the Hundred Schools of Thought.

The Spring and Autumn Annals of Wu and Yue is considered a follow-up of the Lost Book of Yue (越絕書). The annals have several modern commentaries and revised versions.

Wu (state)
Wu (Chinese: 吳; pinyin: Wú) was a state during the Western Zhou dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period, outside the Zhou cultural sphere. It was also known as Gouwu (句吳) or Gongwu (工/攻吳) from the pronunciation of the local language. Wu was located at the mouth of the Yangtze River east of the State of Chu and south of the State of Qi. Its first capital was at Meili (梅里, in modern Wuxi), then Helü's City (闔閭, in present-day Xueyan town near Wuxi), and later moved to Gusu (姑蘇, probably in modern Suzhou).
Epigenetics of physical exercise
Epigenetics of physical exercise is the study of epigenetic modifications to the cell genome resulting from physical exercise. Environmental factors, including physical exercise, have been shown to have a beneficial influence on epigenetic modifications. Generally, it has been shown that acute and long-term exercise has a significant effect on DNA methylation, an important aspect of epigenetic modifications.

The broader field of epigenetics studies heritable alterations to genes that do not involve changing the DNA sequence itself. The next section briefly discusses two important mechanisms involved in epigenetic modifications.

CpG site
The CpG sites or CG sites are regions of DNA where a cytosine nucleotide is followed by a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its 5' → 3' direction. CpG sites occur with high frequency in genomic regions called CpG islands. CpGs are the common unit of methylation because their information is double stranded (the GpC complement is also methylated). This allows methylation information to be preserved during cell division.

Cytosines in CpG dinucleotides can be methylated to form 5-methylcytosines. Enzymes that add a methyl group are called DNA methyltransferases. In mammals, 70% to 80% of CpG cytosines are methylated. Methylating the cytosine within a gene can change its expression, a mechanism that is part of a larger field of science studying gene regulation that is called epigenetics. Methylated cytosines often mutate to thymines.

In humans, about 70% of promoters located near the transcription start site of a gene (proximal promoters) contain a CpG island.
Verbatim (company)
Verbatim Corporation is an American company for storage media and flash memory products. Originally and known for its floppy disks in the 1970s and 1980s, Verbatim is now known for its recordable optical media.

Founded in 1969 as Information Terminals Corporation, it was acquired by Kodak in 1985 and sold to Mitsubishi in 1990. In 2020 Verbatim were sold to CMC Magnetics at an estimated price of $32 million USD.

Blu-ray Disc recordable
Blu-ray Disc Recordable (BD-R) and Blu-ray Disc Recordable Erasable (BD-RE) refer to two direct to disc optical disc recording technologies that can be recorded on to a Blu-ray-based optical disc with an optical disc recorder. BD-R discs can only be written to once, whereas BD-RE discs can be erased and re-recorded multiple times, similar to CD-R and CD-RW for a compact disc (CD). Disc capacities are 25 GB for single-layer discs, 50 GB for double-layer discs, 100 GB ("BDXL") for triple-layer, and 128 GB ("BDXL") for quadruple-layer (in BD-R only).

The minimum speed at which a Blu-ray Disc can be written is 36 megabits (4.5 megabytes) per second.

As of 2024, one of the primary pioneers of the Blu-ray disc, Sony, is winding down production of recordable Blu-ray discs in its plant in Tagajō, Japan. Sony plans to gradually cease its manufacturing of optical media, including recordable Blu-ray discs.
1998 Heineken Trophy
The 1998 Heineken Trophy was a tennis tournament played on grass courts in Rosmalen, 's-Hertogenbosch in the Netherlands that was part of the International Series of the 1998 ATP Tour and of Tier III of the 1998 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 15 June through 21 June 1998. Patrick Rafter and Julie Halard-Decugis won the singles titles.

1998 ATP Tour
The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the ATP World Tour Finals, the ATP Super 9, the Championship Series and the World Series tournaments.
Johnny Rivera (wrestler)
Johnny Rivera (born 1949), better known by the ring name Invader III, is a Puerto Rican retired professional wrestler in the World Wide Wrestling Federation and the World Wrestling Council during the 1970s and 1980s.

WWC World Junior Heavyweight Championship
The WWC Junior Heavyweight Championship is a championship contested for in the Puerto Rican professional wrestling promotion, the World Wrestling Council. While weight classes are generally not strictly adhered to in professional wrestling today, this particular championship is usually competed for by wrestlers weighing less than 230 lbs.