hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coloma Charter Township, Michigan
Coloma Charter Township is a charter township of Berrien County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 5,051 at the 2020 census. The city of Coloma lies within the township.

The township is located in the north central portion of the county. Hagar Township is to the west, Covert Township of Van Buren County is to the north, Watervliet Township is to the east, Bainbridge Township is to the south, and Benton Charter Township to the southwest.

Charter township
A charter township is a form of local government in the U.S. state of Michigan. While all townships in Michigan are organized governments, a charter township has been granted a charter, which allows it certain rights and responsibilities of home rule that are generally intermediate between those of a city (a semi-autonomous jurisdiction in Michigan) and a village. Unless it is a home-rule village, a village is subject to the authority of any township in which it is located.

Of Michigan's 1,240 townships, 143 are charter townships. A number of charter townships are among the most populous municipalities in Michigan. For example, Clinton Township and Canton Township, both in Metro Detroit, were respectively the 8th and 9th most populous municipalities in Michigan at the 2020 census. The most recent township to become a charter township is Brady Township in Kalamazoo County, which adopted charter status on January 3, 2024.
Minacraga itatiaia
Minacraga itatiaia is a moth in the family Dalceridae. It was described by S.E. Miller in 1994. It is found in southern Brazil. The habitat consists of subtropical wet, subtropical lower montane moist and warm temperate moist forests.

The length of the forewings is 14–15 mm for males and 19 mm for females. Adults are on wing in March and April.

Dalceridae
The Dalceridae are a small family of zygaenoid moths with some 80 known species encompassing about one dozen genera mostly found in the Neotropical region with a few reaching the far south of the Nearctic region.

These are generally small or medium-sized moths with very hairy bodies. The larvae are rather slug-like and, along with the larvae of the sister taxa Limacodidae and Megalopygidae, are often known as slug caterpillars. More specifically, they are also called jewel caterpillars due to the colorful bead-like gelatinous mass covering the exoskeleton of many species.

Female Dalceridae have "accessory glands" that apply a rapidly drying liquid to the eggs. The function of the liquid is unknown but it is theorized that it may provide strength to eggs, help glue the eggs in place, or offer protection from egg parasites.
Eastern Dallmann Bay Antarctic Specially Protected Area
The Eastern Dallmann Bay Antarctic Specially Protected Area is a marine Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA 153) lying at the eastern end of Dallmann Bay, adjacent to the north-western and northern coasts of Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. With an area of about 676 km2 it covers shallow marine waters that are suitable for bottom trawling for demersal fish and other benthic organisms for scientific research. The area contains important habitat for juvenile fish, especially Black Rockcod and Blackfin Icefish. The fish collected from the site are used in studies of their physiological and biochemical adaptations to low temperatures.

Antarctic Specially Protected Area
An Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) is an area on the continent of Antarctica, or on nearby islands, which is protected by scientists and several different international bodies. The protected areas were established in 1961 under the Antarctic Treaty System, which governs all the land and water south of 60 latitude and protects against human development. A permit is required for entry into any ASPA site. The ASPA sites are protected by the governments of Australia, New Zealand, United States, United Kingdom, Chile, France, Argentina, Poland, Russia, Norway, Japan, India, Italy, and Republic of Korea. There are currently 72 sites.
New Flyer Low Floor
The New Flyer Low Floor series is a line of low-floor transit buses that was manufactured by New Flyer Industries for the North American market from 1991 to 2014. It was produced in a variety of variants, available in four nominal lengths (ranging from 30 to 60 feet) and three body styles, and with a variety of powertrains, including diesel and compressed natural gas engines, and hybrid electric systems.

Ford Modular engine
The Ford Modular engine is an overhead camshaft (OHC) V8 and V10 gasoline-powered small block engine family introduced by Ford Motor Company in 1990 for the 1991 model year. The term “modular” applied to the setup of tooling and casting stations in the Windsor and Romeo engine manufacturing plants, not the engine itself.

The Modular engine family started with the 4.6 L in 1990 for the 1991 model year. The Modular engines are used in various Ford, Lincoln, and Mercury vehicles. Modular engines used in Ford trucks were marketed under the Triton name from 1997–2010 while the InTech name was used for a time at Lincoln and Mercury for vehicles equipped with DOHC versions of the engines. The engines were first produced at the Ford Romeo Engine Plant, then additional capacity was added at the Windsor Engine Plant in Windsor, Ontario.
2010 Mentawai earthquake and tsunami
The 2010 Mentawai earthquake occurred with a moment magnitude of 7.8 on 25 October off the western coast of Sumatra at 21:42 local time (14:42 UTC). The earthquake occurred on the same subduction zone that produced the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. It was widely felt across the provinces of Bengkulu and West Sumatra and resulted in a substantial localized tsunami that struck the Mentawai Islands.

Hypocenter
A hypocenter or hypocentre (from Ancient Greek  ὑπόκεντρον (hupókentron) 'below the center'), also called ground zero or surface zero, is the point on the Earth's surface directly below a nuclear explosion, meteor air burst, or other mid-air explosion. In seismology, the hypocenter of an earthquake is its point of origin below ground; a synonym is the focus of an earthquake.

Generally, the terms ground zero and surface zero are also used in relation to epidemics, and other disasters to mark the point of the most severe damage or destruction. The term is distinguished from the term zero point in that the latter can also be located in the air, underground, or underwater.
Music of Denver
While Denver may not be as recognized for historical musical prominence like such cities as Los Angeles, Detroit, Chicago or New York City, it still manages to have a very active popular, jazz, and classical music scene, which has nurtured many artists and genres to regional, national, and even international attention. Though nearby Boulder, Colorado has its own very distinct music scene, they are intertwined and often artists based there also play in Denver.

Music of Los Angeles
As well as being one of the most important cities in the world in the film industry, Los Angeles, California, is also one of the most important places in the world for the recorded music industry. Many landmarks in Los Angeles – such as Capitol Records, whose headquarters resembles a stack of albums – are representative of this. A&M Records long occupied a studio off Sunset Boulevard built by Charlie Chaplin (who wrote the music for his own films). The Warner Bros. built a major recording business in addition to their film business.
Cycling at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's individual time trial
The men's individual time trial was a road bicycle racing event held as part of the cycling at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the first appearance of the event. The competition was held on Sunday July 7, 1912. The course was 320 kilometers (198.8 miles) long and the cyclists started at two minute interval, starting at 2:00 a.m.

The track had been used for the annual one day race Mälaren runt since 1901. The race started at Liljeholmsbron, Stockholm. Intermediate times were measured at six control stations around the track: Eskilstuna (120 km), Köping (165 km), Västerås (200 km), Enköping (231 km), Bålsta (265 km) and Järva (315 km). The finish line was in the Olympic Stadium.

123 cyclists from 16 nations competed.

Results of this race were used to determine the medals for the 
team time trial as well.

Cycling at the 1912 Summer Olympics
At the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, one cycling event was contested on Sunday, 7 July. This event was a time trial which also counted as an individual race. For the only time in Olympic history, no track cycling events were held.
Muhammad Din Fauq
Muhammad Din Fauq was a historian of Kashmir. He was a pioneer of journalism in Jammu and Kashmir.

To espouse the cause of the Kashmiris as well as to extend solidarity, various organisations were formed before Partition of India. Prominent among them were the All India Muslim Kashmiri Conference and the All India Kashmir Committee. The former was established at Lahore in 1908 with Allama Iqbal and Muhammad Din Fauq as its prominent leaders.

He wrote extensively on the Valley's history, folklore and geography. He published a history of Kashmir in 1910. In 1936 Fauq published an exhaustive survey on the origins and histories of Kashmir's well known families and communities. The survey has been described as being of considerable interest from the anthropological point of view.

Kashmiris
Kashmiri people (Kashmiri pronunciation: [kəːʃirʲ]) are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group speaking the Kashmiri language and originating from the Kashmir Valley region, which is located in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir.
2012 British Academy Television Awards
The 2012 British Academy Television Awards (formally known as the Arqiva British Academy Television Awards) were held on 27 May 2012 at the Royal Festival Hall in London.
The nominees were announced on 24 April 2012. Rolf Harris was awarded the BAFTA Fellowship, but this was annulled two years later following his conviction for sexual offences.

Panorama (British TV programme)
Panorama is a British current affairs documentary news programme broadcast on the BBC. First broadcast in 1953, it is the world's longest-running television news magazine programme.

Panorama has been presented by many well-known BBC presenters, including Richard Dimbleby, Robin Day, David Dimbleby and Jeremy Vine. As of 2022, it broadcasts in peak time on BBC One, without a regular presenter. The programme also airs worldwide through the international feed of the BBC News channel in many countries, and domestically via the UK feed.
Thung Kula Ronghai
Thung Kula Ronghai (Thai: ทุ่งกุลาร้องไห้, IPA: [tʰûŋ kulaː rɔ́ːŋ hâːj]) is a natural region in northeastern Thailand. Its area is around 2.1 million rai (or 3,200 km2). It lies in the provinces of Surin, Maha Sarakham, Yasothon, Sisaket, and Roi Et.

Roi Et province
Roi Et (Thai: ร้อยเอ็ด, pronounced [rɔ́ːj ʔèt]; Northeastern Thai: ร้อยเอ็ด, pronounced [lɔ᷆ːj ʔět]) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) lies in central northeastern Thailand also called Isan. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Kalasin, Mukdahan, Yasothon, Sisaket, Surin, and Maha Sarakham.
Threemilehouse
Threemilehouse or Three Mile House (Irish: Teach na dTrí Mhíle) is a village in County Monaghan, Ireland. It is roughly midway between Monaghan and Newbliss on the R189. The nearest village is Smithborough. It lies mostly within the townlands of Cabragh, Drumguill and Kilnaclay in the parish of Kilmore & Drumsnat. Saint Mary's church and primary school on the hill overlook the village. Threemilehouse has one of the oldest graveyards in the country, Drumsnat, which dates to 600 AD. The Central Statistics Office's report for the 2006 census lists Cabragh as a settlement with a total population of 167.

Monaghan
Monaghan (/ˈmɒnəhən/ MON-ə-hən; Irish: Muineachán [ˈmˠɪnʲəxaːnˠ]) is the county town of County Monaghan, Ireland. It also provides the name of its civil parish and Monaghan barony.

The population of the town as of the 2022 census was 7,894. The town is on the N2 road from Dublin to Derry and Letterkenny.
Cibeber railway station
Cibeber Station (CBB) is a class III railway station located in Cipetir, Cibeber, Cianjur Regency. The station, which is located at an altitude of +456 m, is included in the Operational Area II Bandung.

Cianjur Regency
Cianjur Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Cianjur, pronounced [kabuˌpat̪ɛn t͡ʃiˈaɲd͡ʒʊr]; Sundanese: Kabupatén Cianjur) is a regency (kabupaten) of West Java, Indonesia. The area of the regency is 3,614.38 km2 and its population at the 2010 Census was 2,171,281; the 2020 Census produced a total of 2,477,560 and the official estimate published by the regency government as at 2025 was 2,610,316 (comprising 1,333,933 males and 1,276,383 females). The town (district) of Cianjur is its seat.

Northern parts of the regency form a valley (above the 'neck' or narrowest part of the regency), and are far more densely populated than southern regions, with 68.4% of the regency's population in just 30.0% of its area.  As such, a portion of the northern valley (consisting of Cugenang, Pacet, Sukaresmi and Cipanas Districts in the far northwest of the regency) was briefly included in a definition of Greater Jakarta called Jabodetabekjur (with the "jur" standing for Cianjur).
Geoffrey Baumann
Geoffrey Baumann is an American visual effects artist. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Visual Effects for the film Black Panther: Wakanda Forever.

At the 72nd British Academy Film Awards, he won a BAFTA Award for Best Special Visual Effects for the film Black Panther. His win was shared with Jesse James Chisholm, Craig Hammack and Dan Sudick.

Craig Hammack
Craig Hammack is an American special effects supervisor known for his works in Disney's visual effects company Industrial Light & Magic (ILM). Hammack has worked as a technical director, digital effects artist and VFX supervisor in films, Titanic (1997), Pearl Harbor (2001), Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith (2005), Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008), Star Trek (2009), Red Tails (2012), Tomorrowland (2015), Deepwater Horizon (2016), and Black Panther (2018).

For Deepwater Horizon, he received critical acclaim and an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects nomination at 89th Academy Awards.
Braude (crater)
Braude is a lunar impact crater located on the far side of the Moon. The crater is named after radio astronomer Semion Braude. The crater was adopted by the IAU in 2009. The nearest major feature is the Schrödinger crater. Also located nearby is the Wiechert crater, which is located less than 170 kilometers from the southern pole.

Braude was proposed in 2018 as the landing site for a potential Ukrainian mission to the Moon, specifically as the site of a landing probe.

Wiechert (crater)
Wiechert is a lunar impact crater that is located in the southern region of the Moon's far side. It lies to the southeast of the huge walled plain Schrödinger, less than 170 km from the southern pole.

This is a worn and eroded crater formation illuminated only by oblique sunlight. As a result, portions of the interior floor lie in deep darkness. The rim is irregular and has an outward break along the northern edge. A small, cup-shaped crater lies along the inner wall of the south-southwestern edge.
Megaduodenum
Megaduodenum is a congenital or acquired dilation and elongation of the duodenum with hypertrophy of all layers that presents as a feeling of gastric fullness, abdominal pain, belching, heartburn, and nausea with vomiting sometimes of food eaten 24 hours prior.

Megaduodenum does not let the muscles of the duodenum function properly, the movement of waste material in the intestines gets impaired, which in turn affects digestion and nutrition.

This condition is a rare entity in adults, because it may be either primary idiopathic or secondary. The secondary causes include Chagas disease, systematic sclerosis, duodenal stenosis, and visceral myopathy.

Abdominal pain
Abdominal pain, also known as a stomach ache, is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues. Since the abdomen contains most of the body's vital organs, it can be an indicator of a wide variety of diseases. Given that, approaching the examination of a person and planning of a differential diagnosis is extremely important.

Common causes of pain in the abdomen include gastroenteritis and irritable bowel syndrome. About 15% of people have a more serious underlying condition such as appendicitis, leaking or ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, diverticulitis, or ectopic pregnancy. In a third of cases, the exact cause is unclear.
American Music Awards of 2020
The 48th Annual American Music Awards were held on November 22, 2020, at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles, recognizing the most popular artists and albums of 2020. Nominees were officially announced live on October 26, 2020, on Good Morning America by Dua Lipa. Taylor Swift, the Weeknd, Dan + Shay and Justin Bieber were the most awarded artists with three awards each. Roddy Ricch and the Weeknd were the most nominated artists with eight nominations each, followed by Megan Thee Stallion with five. Taraji P. Henson hosted the ceremony.

American Music Awards
The American Music Awards (AMAs) is an annual American music awards show produced by Dick Clark Productions since 1974. Nominees are selected on commercial performance such as sales and airplay. Winners are determined by a poll of the public who vote through the AMAs website.

The event originally aired on ABC after the network's contract to air the Grammy Awards expired. After the 2022 ceremony, when ABC's rights to broadcast the ceremony expired, the American Music Awards were put on hiatus. In March 2024, it was announced that the AMAs would move to CBS as part of a deal with its rights to broadcast the now DCP-owned Golden Globe Awards. The event remained on hiatus for 2024, with CBS airing a 50th anniversary special in October 6, ahead of a 2025 return, which was held on May 26, and hosted by Jennifer Lopez.
Little Shemogue, New Brunswick
Little Shemogue is a Canadian rural community in Westmorland County, New Brunswick. The community is based at the confluence of Blacklock, Hardy, and Murray roads, and is located 9 kilometres northeast of Port Elgin.

Port Elgin, New Brunswick
Port Elgin is a formerly incorporated village in Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. It is located near the Nova Scotia border at the mouth of the Gaspereaux River where it empties into the Northumberland Strait's Baie Verte. It is the government centre of the Strait Shores district, which is a rural community type of local government.
Drunken boxing
Drunken boxing (Chinese: 醉拳; pinyin: zuì quán), also known as Drunken Fist, is a general name for various styles of Chinese martial arts that imitate the movements of a drunk person. It is an ancient style, and its origins are mainly traced back to the Buddhist and Daoist religious communities. The Buddhist style is related to the Shaolin temple, while the Daoist style is based on the Daoist tale of the drunken Eight Immortals. Drunken boxing has the most unusual body movements among all styles of Chinese martial arts. Hitting, grappling, locking, dodging, feinting, ground and aerial fighting, and all other sophisticated methods of combat are incorporated.

Strike (attack)
A strike is a directed, forceful physical attack with either a part of the human body or with a handheld object (such as a melee weapon), intended to cause blunt or penetrating trauma upon an opponent.

There are many different varieties of strikes. A strike with the hand closed into a fist is known as a punch, a strike with a fingertip is known as a jab, a strike with the leg or foot is known as a kick, and a strike with the head is known as a headbutt. There are also other variations employed in martial arts and combat sports.

"Buffet" or "beat" refer to repeatedly and violently striking an opponent; this is also commonly referred to as a combination, or combo, especially in boxing or fighting video games.
Tucking Mill
Tucking Mill is a small hamlet within the parish of Monkton Combe, Somerset, England. It lies on Midford Brook and was a key point on the now disused Somerset Coal Canal.

It is at the southern end of the Two Tunnels Greenway which follows the disused railway trackbed of the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway from East Twerton through the Bath suburb of Oldfield Park to the Devonshire Tunnel, emerging into Lyncombe Vale before entering the Combe Down Tunnel, and then coming out to cross Tucking Mill Viaduct into Midford.

There is also a small reservoir, which is now a fishery for the disabled.

Combe Down Tunnel
Combe Down Tunnel is on the now-closed Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway main line, between Midford and Bath Green Park railway station, below high ground and the southern suburbs of Bath, England, emerging below the southern slopes of Combe Down village.

Opened in 1874, this 1,829-yard (1,672 m) long disused railway tunnel was once the UK's longest without intermediate ventilation.  The tunnel now forms part of the £1.8 million Two Tunnels Greenway walking and cycling path opened on 6 April 2013 and is the longest cycling tunnel in Britain.  Its custodian is Wessex Water.
Minnesota's 1st Senate district
The 1st Senate district of Minnesota is one of 67 districts in the Minnesota Senate. Located in northwest Minnesota, the district comprises all of Kittson, Marshall, Norman,Pennington, Polk, Red Lake, and Roseau counties, as well as Felton, Hagen, and Ulen townships in Clay County. It is currently represented by Republican Mark Johnson, who has been in office since 2017.

Kittson County, Minnesota
Kittson County is a county in the northwestern corner of the U.S. state of Minnesota along the Canada–US border, south of the Canadian province of Manitoba. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,207. Its county seat is Hallock.
Ardgartan
Ardgartan is a hamlet in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is located on the shores of Loch Long at the bottom of Glen Croe.

Ardgartan lies within the Argyll Forest Park which itself is within the Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park.

Argyll Forest Park
Argyll Forest Park is a forest park located on the Cowal Peninsula in Argyll and Bute, Scottish Highlands. Established in 1935, it was the first forest park to be created in the United Kingdom.  The park is managed by Forestry and Land Scotland, and covers 211 km2 in total.

From the Holy Loch in the south to the Arrochar Alps in the north, the park includes a variety of landscapes, from high peaks to freshwater and seawater lochs.

Much of the forest park lies within the Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park, which was established in 2002; however, the forests at Corlarach and Ardyne in Cowal are outwith the national park boundary but within the forest park.
Mordella inusitata
Mordella inusitata is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae, which is part of the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It was discovered in 1893. The larvae bore into dead wood, and in Australia have been recorded on the introduced conifers of pine and Douglas fir.

Mordella
Mordella is the type genus of the tumbling flower beetle family (Mordellidae), its subfamily Mordellinae and the tribe Mordellini. Its species are found on every continent except Antarctica. The larvae are primarily dead wood borers.