hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council, 1958–1961
This is a list of members of the Victorian Legislative Council between 1958 and 1961. As half of the Legislative Council's terms expired at each triennial election, half of these members were elected at the 1955 triennial election with terms expiring in 1961, while the other half were elected at the 1958 triennial election with terms expiring in 1964.

1  On 2 June 1960, Fred Thomas, Labor MLC for Melbourne Province, died. Labor candidate Doug Elliot won the resulting by-election on 6 August 1960.

2  On 18 June 1960, Bill Slater, Labor MLC for Doutta Galla Province, died. Labor candidate John Tripovich won the resulting by-election on 6 August 1960.

Fred Thomas (Australian politician)
Frederick Miles Thomas (18 January 1882 – 2 June 1960) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Emerald Hill to boilermaker Frederick George Thomas and Mary Ann Benfield. He was a founding member of the Timber Workers' Union in 1898 and twice served as its president; he was its federal secretary in 1919. Around 1908 he married Helena Eliza Warren, with whom he had four children. He was a member of the Victorian Socialist Party and then the Labor Party, of which he was Collingwood branch secretary. From 1919 to 1936 he was an organiser with the Clothing Trades Union, and from 1937 to 1947 worked as a dog registrar and housing inspector for Collingwood City Council. In 1948 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council for Melbourne Province. He served as a Labor backbencher until his death at East Melbourne in 1960.
Hidetaka Nishiyama
Hidetaka Nishiyama (西山 英峻, Nishiyama Hidetaka; October 10, 1928 – March 10, 2008) was a Japanese karateka, known for helping to establish the Japan Karate Association, and later pioneering Shotokan karate in the United States. At the time of his death in 2008, he was one of the surviving students of Shotokan founder Gichin Funakoshi. He was posthumously awarded the rank of 10th dan.

World Karate Federation
The World Karate Federation (WKF) is an international governing body of sport karate with 198 member countries. It is the only karate organization recognised by the International Olympic Committee and has more than a hundred million members. The WKF organizes their Junior and Senior Karate World Championships, which are each held every other year. The President of the WKF is Antonio Espinós, and the headquarters are located in Madrid, Spain.
Piña
Piña (Tagalog pronunciation: [pɪˈnja] pi-NYAH) is a traditional Philippine fiber made from the leaves of the pineapple plant. Pineapples are indigenous to South America but have been widely cultivated in the Philippines since the 17th century, and used for weaving lustrous lace-like luxury textiles known as nipis fabric. The name is derived from Spanish piña, meaning "pineapple".

Baro't saya
The baro't saya or baro at saya (literally "blouse and skirt") is a traditional dress ensemble worn by women in the Philippines. It is a national dress of the Philippines and combines elements from both the precolonial native Filipino and colonial Spanish clothing styles. It traditionally consists of four parts: a blouse (baro or camisa), a long skirt (saya or falda), a kerchief worn over the shoulders (pañuelo, fichu, or alampay), and a short rectangular cloth worn over the skirt (the tapis or patadyong).

The baro't saya has multiple variants, known under the collective term Filipiniana, including the aristocratic traje de mestiza (also called the María Clara); the Visayan kimona with its short-sleeved or poncho-like embroidered blouse paired with a patadyong skirt; as well as the unified gown known as the terno, and its casual and cocktail dress version, the balintawak. The masculine equivalent of the baro't saya is the barong tagalog.
Rutgers University Department of African, Middle Eastern, and South Asian Languages and Literatures
The Rutgers University Department of African, Middle Eastern, South Asian Languages and Literatures (AMESALL) is dedicated to the study of Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. It is the primary academic home of sixteen core faculty and seven part-time lecturers. AMESALL provides instruction in over a dozen languages from these three regions. It offers courses taught in English and regional languages such as Arabic and Hindi, and regularly hosts events such as lectures, workshops, and conferences for the student body, the faculty, and the general public.

Rutgers students can enroll in an undergraduate major program of study (with separate regional and comparative options), an undergraduate minor, and a post-baccalaureate Translation Certificate program, which is also open to non-matriculated students.

The AMESALL Department is located in Lucy Stone Hall on the Livingston Campus in Piscataway, NJ, part of Rutgers-New Brunswick campus.

Rutgers University–New Brunswick
Rutgers University–New Brunswick is the flagship campus of Rutgers University, a public land-grant research university consisting of three major campuses in New Jersey. It is located primarily in New Brunswick and Piscataway. It is the oldest campus of the university, the others being in Camden and Newark. The New Brunswick campus is composed of several smaller campuses that are some distances away from each other: College Avenue, Busch, Livingston, Cook, and Douglass, the latter two sometimes referred to as "Cook/Douglass", as they are adjacent and intertwined. All of these campuses lie along State Route 18. Rutgers–New Brunswick also includes several buildings in downtown New Brunswick. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". The New Brunswick campuses include 19 undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools.
Governor (Les Invalides, France)
The Governor of Les Invalides (French: Gouverneur des Invalides) is a French military personality and figure, named by the French Government (French: Le Gouvernement Français) to direct the institution of the Hôtel des Invalides (French: Hôtel des Invalides) of Paris.

Rights
Rights are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; that is, rights are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people according to some legal system, social convention, or ethical theory. Rights are an important concept in law and ethics, especially theories of justice and deontology.

The history of social conflicts has often involved attempts to define and redefine rights. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "rights structure the form of governments, the content of laws, and the shape of morality as it is currently perceived".
Zawiya, Libya
Zawiya /zɑːˈwiːə/, officially Zawia (Arabic: الزاوية, transliteration: Az Zāwiyaẗ, Italian: Zauia or Zavia, variants: Arabic: الزاوية الغربية Az Zawiyah Al Gharbiyah, Ḩārat az Zāwiyah, Al Ḩārah, El-Hára and Haraf Az Zāwīyah), is a city in northwestern Libya, situated on the Libyan coastline of the Mediterranean Sea about 47 km (29 mi) west of Tripoli, in the historic region of Tripolitania. Zawiya is the capital of the Zawiya District.

Anti-Gaddafi forces
The Anti-Gaddafi forces, also known as the Libyan opposition or Libyan rebels, were NATO/Qatari-backed Libyan groups that opposed and militarily defeated the government of Muammar Gaddafi during the First Libyan Civil War in 2011, killing him in the process. The Anti-Gaddafi forces were represented by the National Transitional Council and their National Liberation Army, which claimed to be the "only legitimate body representing the people of Libya and the Libyan state". These opposition forces included organized and armed militia groups, participants in the Libyan Civil War, Libyan diplomats who switched their allegiance from the Gaddafi-led government, and Libyan military units that switched sides to support the protesters.
BHIM
BHIM (Bharat Interface for Money) is an Indian state-owned mobile payment app developed by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), based on the Unified Payments Interface (UPI). Launched on 30 December 2016, it is intended to facilitate e-payments directly through banks and encourage cashless transactions. The application supports all Indian banks which use UPI, which is built over the Immediate Payment Service (IMPS) infrastructure and allows the user to instantly transfer money between 170 member banks of any two parties. It can be used on all mobile devices. The app is named in honour of B. R. Ambedkar.

Aadhaar
Aadhaar is a twelve-digit unique identity number that can be obtained voluntarily by all residents of India based on their place of residence, biometrics and demographic data. The data is collected by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), a statutory authority established in January 2016 by the  Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, following the provisions of the Aadhaar Act, 2016.

Applicants to Aadhaar receive an Aadhaar UID Card/UID Card, that can be utilzed to identify a resident of India. As of May 2023, more than 99.9% of India's adult population had been issued Aadhaar IDs, making it  the world's largest biometric ID system

Considered a proof of residence and not a proof of citizenship, Aadhaar does not itself grant any right to domicile in India, or can be used as an identification document for international travel.
Kathryn Johnson (rugby union)
Kathryn Johnson (born October 25, 1991) is an American rugby sevens player. She won a silver medal at the 2015 Pan American Games as a member of the United States women's national rugby sevens team. She was selected as a member of the United States women's national rugby sevens team to the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Johnson was named in the Eagles squad for the 2022 Pacific Four Series in New Zealand. She was then selected in the Eagles squad for the 2021 Rugby World Cup in New Zealand.

United States women's national rugby sevens team
The United States women's national rugby sevens team competes in international rugby sevens competitions. The team finished second at the 2015 USA Women's Sevens, after defeating Russia in the semifinals. They have competed at three Summer Olympics, and won a bronze medal at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
Olmo Gentile
Olmo Gentile is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of Asti.

Olmo Gentile borders Perletto, Roccaverano, San Giorgio Scarampi, and Serole.

Asti
Asti (UK: /ˈæsti/ AST-ee, US: /ˈɑːsti/ AH-stee; Italian: [ˈasti] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Ast [ˈɑst]) is a comune (municipality) of 74,348 inhabitants (1–1–2021) located in the Italian region of Piedmont, about 55 kilometres (34 miles) east of Turin, in the plain of the Tanaro River. It is the capital of the province of Asti and it is deemed to be the modern capital of Montferrat.
Mount Mueller (Antarctica)
Mount Mueller (66°55′S 55°32′E﻿ / ﻿66.917°S 55.533°E﻿ / -66.917; 55.533) is an ice-covered mountain standing close east of Mount Storegutt, 22 nautical miles (41 km) west of Edward VIll Bay in Enderby Land, Antarctica.

The mountain was mapped from aerial photos taken by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) in 1956 and named in honor of F. von Mueller, a member of the Australian Antarctic Exploration Committee of 1886.

Mount Storegutt
Mount Storegutt (66°53′S 55°27′E﻿ / ﻿66.883°S 55.450°E﻿ / -66.883; 55.450) is a mountain, 1,465 m, standing 28 nautical miles (50 km) west of Edward VIII Bay and 10 nautical miles (18 km) south of Jennings Bluff It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition of 1936–37 and was named Storegutt (big boy).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Storegutt". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Mind Sports Olympiad
The Mind Sports Olympiad (MSO) is an annual international multi-disciplined competition and festival for games of mental skill and mind sports by Mind Sports Organisation. The inaugural event was held in 1997 in London with £100,000 prize fund and was described as possibly the biggest games festival ever held.

The MSO was the first event of its kind celebrating mental skills and awarding gold, silver and bronze medals for each event and was highly influential on the mind sports movement and competitions that have followed since. The main MSO tournament has been held every year in England.

In 2020,  due to the COVID-19 pandemic, for the first time, the entire MSO tournament was held online.

Razz (poker)
Razz is a form of stud poker that is normally played for ace-to-five low (lowball poker). It is one of the oldest forms of poker, and  has been played since the start of the 20th century. It emerged around the time people started using the 52-card deck instead of 20 for poker.

The object of Razz is to make the lowest possible five-card hand from the seven cards you are dealt.  In Razz, straights and flushes do not count against the player for low, and the ace always plays low. Thus, the best possible Razz hand is 5-4-3-2-A, or 5 high, also known as "the wheel" or "the bicycle". Deuce-to-seven Razz is also sometimes played (the best possible hand is 2-3-4-5-7). Razz is featured in the mixed game rotation H.O.R.S.E. as the "R" in the game's name.
BASIC-11
BASIC-11 was a dialect of the basic language for PDP-11 operating systems such as RSX-11, RT-11, TSX and TSX-Plus.  It was a classic BASIC in that it used line numbers, supported line number editing, and classic function syntax.  It provided extended support for user-defined functions, external sequential disk files, and linking with assembler language modules for device support and operating system interfaces.

RSX-11
RSX-11 is a discontinued family of multi-user real-time operating systems for PDP-11 computers created by Digital Equipment Corporation. In widespread use through the late 1970s and early 1980s, RSX-11 was influential in the development of later operating systems such as VMS and Windows NT.

As the original Real-Time System Executive name suggests, RSX was designed (and commonly used) for real time use, with process control a major use. It was also popular for program development and general computing.
Ortho-Methylphenylpiperazine
ortho-Methylphenylpiperazine (also known as oMPP, oMePP, 1-(2-methylphenyl)piperazine, 2-MPP, and 2-MePP) is a psychoactive designer drug of the phenylpiperazine group. It acts as a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA), with EC50 values for induction of monoamine release of 175 nM for serotonin, 39.1 nM for norepinephrine, and 296–542 nM for dopamine. As such, it has about 4.5-fold preference for induction of norepinephrine release over serotonin, and about 7.6- to 13.9-fold preference for induction of norepinephrine release over dopamine.

The 2,3-methyl and 4-methyl analogues show diminished activity as dopamine releasing agents with respective EC50 values of 1,207 nM and 9,523 nM. However, at the same time, induction of serotonin and norepinephrine release is retained and more balanced in the 2,3-methyl analogue, with respective EC50 values of 26 nM and 56 nM.

Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent
A serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA), also known as a triple releasing agent (TRA), is a type of drug which induces the release of serotonin, norepinephrine/epinephrine, and dopamine in the brain and body. SNDRAs may produce euphoriant, decongestant, aphrodisiacal, anorectic, nootropic, entactogenic, and/or psychostimulant effects. Drugs of this class tend to have high abuse liability, especially when taken in supratherapeutic quantities.

A closely related type of drug is a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI).
Jazhincë Lake
Jazhincë Lake is a mountain lake in Kosovo, found in the eastern part of the Sharr Mountains. The lake is 2,180 m (7,152 ft) above sea level, just under the peak of Peskovi, which reaches a height of 2,651 m (8,698 ft). Its maximum length is 125 m (410 ft) and its maximum width is 90 m (295 ft). On some sides the lake is surrounded by large rocks which makes it ideal for animals to hide or live in.

Peskovi
Peskovi (Albanian: Bistër or Bistra; Serbian and Macedonian: Пескови, Peskovi) is a mountain in the Šar Mountains range, located between Kosovo and North Macedonia.

The border line between Kosovo (to the North) and North Macedonia (to the South) goes Northeast along the Šar Mountains, passes over the triangulation point 2,651 m (8,698 ft) in the area s.c. Peskovi, then turns a little Southeast-ward before moving Northeast passing over the elevation 2,597 m (8,520 ft).
 Peskovi is 2,651 m (8,698 ft) high. It is the third highest mountain in Kosovo after Velika Rudoka and Gjeravica. Several lakes are found on the Kosovan side.
Sadipur Halt railway station
Sadipur Halt railway station is a halt railway station on the Gaya–Kiul line of Delhi–Kolkata Main Line in the East Central Railway zone under the Danapur railway division of the Indian Railways. The railway station is situated beside Sadipur Road at Kadir Ganj in the Nawada district in the Indian state of Bihar.

Danapur railway division
Danapur railway division is one of the five railway divisions under the jurisdiction of East Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. It is located in Danapur of the Indian state of Bihar. The other railway divisions are Sonpur, Samastipur, Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya and Dhanbad. The division's revenue for the 2014–15 fiscal year was ₹900 crore (US$110 million).
Sarcotoxin
Sarcotoxins are a group of antibacterial peptides present in the flesh fly belonging to the genus Sarcophaga. The proteins are present in the haemolymph of the flesh fly. The first protein, called sarcotoxin IA, was discovered in 1983 from Sarcophaga peregrina by Masayuki Okada and Shunji Natori at the University of Tokyo, Japan.

The name sarcotoxin is derived from the peptide's discovery in Sarcophaga flies, and so antibacterial compounds were given the name sarcotoxin and an identifying number or letter. However, many sarcotoxins are homologues of cecropins or attacins, and are not unique to Sarcophaga flies.

Antimicrobial peptides
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also called host defence peptides (HDPs) are part of the innate immune response found among all classes of life. Fundamental differences exist between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells that may represent targets for antimicrobial peptides. These peptides are potent, broad spectrum antimicrobials which demonstrate potential as novel therapeutic agents. Antimicrobial peptides have been demonstrated to kill Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, enveloped viruses, fungi and even transformed or cancerous cells. Unlike the majority of conventional antibiotics it appears that antimicrobial peptides frequently destabilize biological membranes, can form transmembrane channels, and may also have the ability to enhance immunity by functioning as immunomodulators.
Ulster Herald
The Ulster Herald is a weekly newspaper based in Omagh, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland and is known locally as The Herald.

It is published by the North West of Ireland Printing and Publishing Company. The Ulster Herald is published by Interpress alongside sister papers the Fermanagh Herald, Strabane Chronicle and Donegal News. The company also launched a new paper The Dungannon Herald in 2017 to cater for the east of County Tyrone.

The company launched Tyrone Herald a decade ago, which is released on a Monday and covers the weekend's sporting action as well as including more light-hearted features. The Ulster Herald remains the company's flagship paper and is still sold in its traditional Thursday slot.

Omagh
Omagh (/ˈoʊmə, ˈoʊmɑː/; from Irish: An Ómaigh [ənˠ ˈoːmˠiː], meaning 'the virgin plain') is the county town of County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is situated where the rivers Drumragh and Camowen meet to form the Strule. Northern Ireland's capital city, Belfast, is 68 miles (109.5 km) to the east of Omagh, and Derry is 34 miles (55 km) to the north.

The town had a population of 20,458 at the 2021 census. At the time of 2011 census, the former district council, which was the largest in County Tyrone, had a population of 51,356. Omagh contains the headquarters of the Western Education and Library Board, and also houses offices for the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs at Sperrin House, the Department for Infrastructure and the Northern Ireland Roads Service at the Tyrone County Hall and the Northern Ireland Land & Property Services at Boaz House.
Burkholderiales
The Burkholderiales are an order of Betaproteobacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota. Like all Pseudomonadota, they are Gram-negative. They include several pathogenic bacteria, including species of Burkholderia, Bordetella, and Ralstonia. They also include Oxalobacter and related genera, which are unusual in using oxalic acid as their source of carbon. Other well-studied genera include Alcaligenes, Cupriavidus, Achromobacter, Comamonas, Delftia, Massilia, Duganella, Janthinobacterium, Polynucleobacter (important freshwater bacterioplankton), non-pathogenic Paraburkholderia, Caballeronia, Polaromonas, Thiomonas, Collimonas, Hydrogenophaga, Sphaerotilus, Variovorax, Acidovorax, Rubrivivax and Rhodoferax (both members of the photosynthetic purple nonsulfur bacteria), and Herbaspirillum (capable of nitrogen-fixation).

Collimonas
Collimonas is a genus of bacteria in the family Oxalobacteraceae. Culturable representatives of this genus have the ability to lyse chitin, to use fungal hyphae as a source of food, to produce antifungal molecules and to weather minerals .

To date, 6 species have been described: Collimonas fungivorans, Collimonas pratensis, Collimonas arenae, Collimonas antrihumi, Collimonas humicola, Collimonas silvisoli.
2021 Boca Raton Bowl
The 2021 Boca Raton Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 18, 2021, with kickoff at 11:00 a.m. EST on ESPN. It was the 8th edition of the Boca Raton Bowl, and was one of the 2021–22 bowl games concluding the 2021 FBS football season. Sponsored by roofing repair company RoofClaim.com, the game was officially known as the RoofClaim.com Boca Raton Bowl.

Boca Raton Bowl
The Boca Raton Bowl is an annual National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) sanctioned post-season Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) college football bowl game played in Boca Raton, Florida, since December 2014 on the campus of Florida Atlantic University (FAU) at FAU Stadium. Winners of the game received the Howard Schnellenberger championship trophy, named for the football head coach at FAU from 2001 to 2011.

Since 2025, it has been sponsored by food proecessing corporation Bush Brothers and Company and officially known as the Bush's Boca Raton Bowl of Beans; from 2020 through 2023, the bowl was sponsored by RoofClaim.com. Previous sponsors were Cheribundi (2017–2019) and Marmot (2015).
Nalini Jaywant
Nalini Jaywant (18 February 1926 – 22 December 2010) was an Indian actress who appeared in Hindi films in the 1940s and 1950s. Filmfare in their poll in the 1950s declared her the most beautiful woman in the movies. Actor Dilip Kumar described her "the greatest actress he ever worked with".

Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress
The Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress is given by Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to recognise outstanding performance of female actors in a supporting role. Although the Filmfare awards started in 1954, awards for the Best Supporting Actress category started the following year 1955.