hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steve Vickers (computer scientist)
Steve Vickers (born 1952 or 1953) is a British mathematician and computer scientist. In the early 1980s, he wrote ROM firmware and manuals for three home computers, the ZX81, ZX Spectrum, and Jupiter Ace. The latter was produced by Jupiter Cantab, a short-lived company Vickers formed together with Richard Altwasser, after the two had left Sinclair Research. Since the late 1980s, Vickers has been an academic in the field of geometric logic, writing over 30 papers in scholarly journals on mathematical aspects of computer science. His book Topology via Logic has been influential over a range of fields (extending even to theoretical physics, where Christopher Isham of Imperial College London has cited Vickers as an early influence on his work on topoi and quantum gravity). In October 2018, he retired as senior lecturer at the University of Birmingham. As announced on his university homepage, he continues to supervise PhD students at the university and focus on his research.

Sinclair Research
Sinclair Research Ltd is a British consumer electronics company founded by Clive Sinclair in Cambridge in the 1970s. In 1980, the company entered the home computer market with the ZX80 at £99.95, at that time the cheapest personal computer for sale in the United Kingdom. A year later, the ZX81 became available through retailers, introducing home computing to a generation, with more than 1.5 million sold. In 1982 the ZX Spectrum was released, becoming the UK's best selling computer, and competing aggressively against Commodore and Amstrad.

A combination of the failures of the Sinclair QL computer and the TV80 pocket television led to financial difficulties in 1985, and a year later Sinclair sold the rights to its computer products and brand name to Amstrad. Sinclair Research Ltd continued to exist as a one-man company, marketing Clive Sinclair's inventions.
Lewy's example
In the mathematical study of partial differential equations, Lewy's example is a celebrated example, due to Hans Lewy, of a linear partial differential equation with no solutions. It shows that the analog of the Cauchy–Kovalevskaya theorem does not hold in the smooth category.

The original example is not explicit, since it employs the Hahn–Banach theorem, but there since have been various explicit examples of the same nature found by Howard Jacobowitz.

The Malgrange–Ehrenpreis theorem states (roughly) that linear partial differential equations with constant coefficients always have at least one solution; Lewy's example shows that this result cannot be extended to linear partial differential equations with polynomial coefficients.

Analytic function
In mathematics, an analytic function is a function that is locally given by a convergent power series. There exist both real analytic functions and complex analytic functions. Functions of each type are infinitely differentiable, but complex analytic functions exhibit properties that do not generally hold for real analytic functions.

A function is analytic if and only if for every  in its domain, its Taylor series about  converges to the function in some neighborhood of ⁠⁠. This is stronger than merely being infinitely differentiable at ⁠⁠, and therefore having a well-defined Taylor series; the Fabius function is an example of a function that is infinitely differentiable but not analytic.
The Bush (Duchamp)
The Bush is a painting by Marcel Duchamp from 1910–1911. It is in the collection of the Philadelphia Museum of Art, that acquired it through The Louise and Walter Arensberg Collection in 1950. Its first owner was Dr. Raymond Dumouchel, himself the subject of another 1910 painting by Duchamp, Portrait of Dr. Dumouchel. One of the models may be Jeanne Serre, with whom Duchamp had a relationship and fathered a child, Yvonne, who later became known as Yo Savy. Duchamp noted that the painting marks the beginning of a practice of attaching non-descriptive titles to his work: "Introduce some anecdote without being 'anecdotal'"; the painting did not illustrate a definite theme, but the title created "the possibility to invent a theme for it, afterwards."

Duchamp included a facsimile of The Bush in the Boîte-en-valise.

De ou par Marcel Duchamp ou Rrose Sélavy (La Boîte-en-valise)
La Boîte-en-valise (box in a suitcase) is a type of mixed media assemblage by Marcel Duchamp consisting of a group of reproductions of the artist's works inside a box that was, in some cases, accompanied by a leather valise or suitcase. Duchamp made multiple versions of this type between 1935 and 1966. Titled From or by Marcel Duchamp or Rrose Sélavy (The Box in a Valise) (de ou par Marcel Duchamp ou Rrose Sélavy [Boîte-en-valise]), Duchamp conceived of the boxes as a portable museum:

Instead of painting something new, my aim was to reproduce the paintings and objects I liked and collect them in as small a space as possible. I did not know how to go about it. I first thought of a book, but I did not like the idea. Then it occurred to me that it could be a box in which all my works would be collected and mounted like in a small museum, a portable museum, so to speak. This is it, this valise.
IV liga Kuyavia-Pomerania
IV liga Kuyavia-Pomerania group (grupa kujawsko-pomorska) is one of the groups of IV liga, the fifth level of Polish football league system. The league inaugurated with the 2000–01 season, after introducing a new administrative division of Poland. Until the end of the 2007–08 season, IV liga was placed at the fourth tier of league system, but this was changed with the formation of the Ekstraklasa as the top-level league in Poland.
The clubs from Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship compete in this group. The winner of the league is promoted to group II of the III liga. The bottom teams are relegated to the groups of Liga okręgowa from Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. These groups are Kuyavia-Pomerania I and Kuyavia-Pomerania II.

Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo kujawsko-pomorskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ kuˈjafskɔ pɔˈmɔrskʲɛ] ⓘ) is one of Poland's 16 voivodeships (provinces).

It was created on 1 January 1999 and is situated in mid-northern Poland, on the boundary between the two historic regions, from which it takes its name: Kuyavia (Polish: Kujawy) and Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze).

Its two chief cities, serving as the province's joint capitals, are Bydgoszcz and Toruń.
Jonathan Rosenblum
Jonathan (Yonason) Rosenblum (born 1951) is the director, spokesperson, and founder of Jewish Media Resources, an organization which attempts to clarify journalists' understanding of Haredi Jewish society.

Jonathan is related to the well known Rannels family of talmudic scholars.

Agudath Israel of America
Agudath Israel of America (Hebrew: אגודת ישראל באמריקה; also called the Agudah) is an American organization that represents Haredi Orthodox Jews. It is loosely affiliated with the international World Agudath Israel. Agudah seeks to meet the needs of the Haredi community, advocates for its religious and civil rights, and services its constituents through charitable, educational, and social service projects across North America.
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council, 1937–1940
This is a list of members of the Victorian Legislative Council between 1937 and 1940. As half of the Legislative Council's terms expired at each triennial election, half of these members were elected at the 1934 triennial election with terms expiring in 1940, while the other half were elected at the 1937 triennial election with terms expiring in 1943.

1  On 17 March 1938, Robert Williams, Independent (formerly Labor) MLC for Melbourne West Province, died. Labor candidate Pat Kennelly won the resulting by-election in May 1938.

2  In July 1938, Sir George Wales, UAP MLC for Melbourne Province, resigned over an alleged conflict of interest. Labor candidate Paul Jones won the resulting by-election in September 1938.

Pat Kennelly
Patrick John Kennelly AO (3 June 1900 – 12 December 1981) was an Australian politician. Born in Melbourne, he was educated at Catholic schools before becoming a clerk in the Australian Labor Party (ALP) office in Melbourne.

He was an organiser of the Victorian ALP 1930–1946, Secretary 1946–1950 and Federal Secretary of the ALP 1946–1954.

In 1938, he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council for Melbourne West. He was an honorary minister in 1943, Commissioner of Public Works 1945–1947, and Minister in Charge of Electrical Undertakings 1945–1947.

He left the Council in 1952, and in 1953 was elected to the Australian Senate as a Labor Senator for Victoria. He held the seat until his retirement in 1971. Kennelly died in 1981.
Living Well Is the Best Revenge
Living Well Is the Best Revenge is the second studio album by American rock band Midtown. Following the conclusion of the touring cycle of their debut album Save the World, Lose the Girl (2000), the group went to California to work on their next album. Sessions were held at Larrabee East, Los Angeles, California, and Media Vortex, Burbank, California with producer Mark Trombino. It followed the pop punk sound of their debut, and was compared to Good Charlotte and Fenix TX.

Preceded by two songs, and a supporting slot for Face to Face, Living Well Is the Best Revenge was released on Drive-Thru and MCA Records on April 16, 2002. It reached number 90 on the Billboard 200. The album received generally positive reviews from music critics, many of which commented on the melodies and harmonies. A music video for "Like a Movie" was released the following month. Throughout the rest of the year, the group toured mainland Europe (as part of the Deconstruction Tour), the US (twice) and the UK.

AbsolutePunk
AbsolutePunk was a website, online community, and alternative music news source founded by Jason Tate (the most recent CEO). The website mainly focused on artists who are relatively unknown to mainstream audiences, but it was known to feature artists who have eventually achieved crossover success, for example, Blink-182 and Fall Out Boy. The primary musical genres of focus were emo and pop punk, but other genres were included.

Absolutepunk was acquired by Buzzmedia in 2008. After Buzzmedia filed for bankruptcy, Tate reclaimed the site's domain and name and consequently shut the site down on April 1, 2016.
2021–22 Ardal SE
The 2021–22 Ardal SE season (also known as the 2021–22 Floodlighting and Electrical Services Ardal SE season for sponsorship reasons) was the first season of the new third-tier southern region football in Welsh football pyramid, part of the Ardal Leagues, after the cancellation of the previous season due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales.

2020–21 Ardal SE
The 2020–21 Ardal SE season (also known as the 2020–21 Floodlighting and Electrical Services Ardal SE season for sponsorship reasons) was to be the first season of the new third-tier southern region football in Welsh football pyramid, part of the Ardal Leagues.  Teams were to play each other twice on a home and away basis.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales, the Football Association of Wales cancelled the 2020–21 seasons of the Ardal Leagues and below.
Church of Confessing Anglicans Aotearoa/New Zealand
The Church of Confessing Anglicans Aotearoa/New Zealand (CCAANZ) is an evangelical Anglican denomination in New Zealand. It is not a member of the Anglican Communion as recognised by the current Archbishop of Canterbury, but is recognised by the Global Anglican Future Conference (GAFCON). The church consists of 20 parishes, some of which consist of clergy and church members who left the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia after it allowed bishops to authorise blessings of same-sex marriages, and some of which were newly established at the time of the formation of the church.

Evangelical Anglicanism
Evangelical Anglicanism or Evangelical Episcopalianism is a tradition or church party within Anglicanism that shares affinity with broader evangelicalism. Evangelical Anglicans share with other evangelicals the attributes of "conversionism, activism, biblicism and crucicentrism" identified by historian David Bebbington as central to evangelical identity. The emergence of evangelical churchmanship can be traced back to the First Great Awakening in America and the Evangelical Revival in Britain in the 18th century. In the 20th century, prominent figures have included John Stott and J. I. Packer.

In contrast to the high-church party, evangelicals emphasize experiential religion of the heart over the importance of liturgical forms. As a result, evangelicals are often described as being low church, but these terms are not always interchangeable because low church can also describe individuals or groups that are not evangelical.
Sunae-dong
Sunae-dong (수내동, 藪內洞) is a dong in Bundang-gu in the city of Seongnam, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It is officially divided into Sunae-1-dong, Sunae-2-dong and Sunae-3-dong. As of 2024, the population of these three dongs combined is 41,610, spanning 16,017 households. They consists of 2.92km2 or 2.79% of Bundang-gu. Sunae means 'within the forest', which originally refers to Budangcheon, a tributary of Tancheon. Before October 2000, Sunae-1-dong and Sunae-2-dong is known as Chorim-dong (초림동; 草林洞) and Naejeong-dong (내정동; 内亭洞) respectively.

It is served by Sunae Station on the Bundang Line.

Sunae station
Sunae Station is a subway station on the Suin–Bundang Line between Seohyeon Station and Jeongja Station. Its substation name is Korea Job World. At the time of the opening of the Bundang Line in 1994, this station was called Chorim Station.
2002–03 Central Michigan Chippewas men's basketball team
The 2002–03 Central Michigan Chippewas men's basketball team represented Central Michigan University as a member of the Mid-American Conference during the 2002–03 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by head coach Jay Smith and played their home games at the Daniel P. Rose Center. After finishing atop the MAC regular season standings, the Chippewas won the MAC tournament to earn an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament as No. 11 seed in the West region. Central Michigan defeated No. 6 seed Creighton in the opening round before losing to No. 3 seed Duke in the Round of 32. The team finished with a record of 25–7 (14–4 MAC).

Jay Smith (basketball)
Jay Steven Smith (born June 21, 1961) is an American college basketball coach. He currently serves in an administrative role for the men's basketball team at Eastern Michigan University. He was a former head coach at Grand Valley State University (1996–97) and Central Michigan University (1997–2006). He has also been an assistant coach at the University of Michigan and the University of Detroit.
6th AVN Awards
The 6th AVN Awards ceremony, organized by Adult Video News (AVN), took place on January 9, 1989, at the Tropicana Hotel and Casino in Paradise, Nevada. During the ceremony, AVN Awards were presented in 41 categories, plus several extra awards, honoring pornographic films released between January 1, 1988, and December 31, 1988.

Cat Woman, a shot-on-video feature, won the most awards, with five, while Best Film went to Pretty Peaches II, which won four awards.

AVN Award for Male Performer of the Year
The AVN Award for Male Performer of the Year is an award that has been given annually by sex industry company AVN since the award's inception in 1993.

First recipient of the award was Rocco Siffredi, who was awarded at 10th AVN Awards in 1993. As of 2026, Manuel Ferrara is the most honored pornographic actor with six awards followed by Lexington Steele, Mick Blue and Evan Stone with three awards, while four pornographic actors–Rocco Siffredi, James Deen, Small Hands and Tom Byron–have won the award two times. Tommy Pistol is the oldest recipient of the award at the age of 45 in 2022 and James Deen is the youngest recipient of the award at the age of 22 in 2009. The most recent recipient is Vince Karter, who was honoured at the 42nd AVN Awards in 2026.
El Vol del Pollastre
El Vol del Pollastre is a performing arts company based in Banyoles, Pla de l'Estany, founded in December 2009. They have been responsible for the promotion of Banyoles carnival in the years 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the fourth edition of Fira del Món del Foc held in Banyoles in 2014, as well as other small performances linked with cultural events in the city of Banyoles.

Pla de l'Estany
Pla de l'Estany (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈpla ðə ləsˈtaɲ]) is a comarca (county) in the Girona region in Catalonia, Spain. Its name means "plain of the lake", the lake in question being the Lake of Banyoles. Banyoles is also the name of the capital of the comarca and home to over half of its people. Pla de l'Estany was established as a separate comarca in 1988 on the basis of a referendum; prior to that it had constituted the northwest part of the comarca of Gironès. The comarca borders the comarques of Garrotxa, Alt Empordà, and Gironès.

Pla de l'Estany is largely agricultural, but has also long had industries in textiles, furniture, leather, iron, and copper.
Statvolt
The statvolt is a unit of voltage and electrical potential used in the CGS-ESU and gaussian systems of units. In terms of its relation to the SI units, one statvolt corresponds to ccgs 10−8 volt, i.e. to 299.792458 volts.

The statvolt is also defined in the CGS system as 1 erg per statcoulomb.
It is a useful unit for electromagnetism because, in vacuum, an electric field of one statvolt per centimetre has the same energy density as a magnetic field of one gauss.  Likewise, a plane wave propagating in vacuum has perpendicular electric and magnetic fields such that for every gauss of magnetic field intensity there is one statvolt/cm of electric field intensity.

In the CGS-EMU system, the unit of voltage is the abvolt.

Erg
The erg is a unit of energy equal to 10−7 joules (100 nJ). It is not an SI unit, instead originating from the centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS). Its name is derived from ergon (ἔργον), a Greek word meaning 'work' or 'task'.

An erg is the amount of work done by a force of one dyne exerted for a distance of one centimetre. In the CGS base units, it is equal to one gram centimetre-squared per second-squared (g⋅cm2/s2). It is thus equal to 10−7 joules or 100 nanojoules (nJ) in SI units.

1 erg = 10−7 J = 100 nJ

1 erg = 10−10 sn⋅m = 100 psn⋅m = 100 picosthène-metres

1 erg = 624.15 GeV = 6.2415×1011 eV

1 erg = 1 dyn⋅cm = 1 g⋅cm2/s2

1 erg = 2.77778×10−11 W⋅h
Linn Park, Glasgow
Linn Park is an 82-hectare (200-acre) park in Glasgow, Scotland, surrounded by the suburbs of Cathcart, Muirend, Simshill, and Castlemilk, also bordering Netherlee in East Renfrewshire. It is Glasgow's third largest park, after Pollok Country Park and Dams to Darnley Country Park, although Dams to Darnley is half in East Renfrewshire. Both Linn and Pollok parks have the White Cart Water flowing through them. Some areas in the park are unsuitable for prams and the infirm.

Dams to Darnley Country Park
Dams to Darnley Country Park is a 1,350-acre (550-hectare) country park in the East Renfrewshire and Glasgow areas, in Scotland. The park comprises the historic greenspace between the towns of Barrhead and Newton Mearns in East Renfrewshire, and the areas of Darnley, Parkhouse and Southpark Village in south Glasgow. Being designated in 2004, it is one of the newest country parks in Scotland.
2017 Djurgårdens IF season
The 2017 season was Djurgårdens IF's 117th in existence, their 62nd season in Allsvenskan and their 17th consecutive season in the league. They were competing in Allsvenskan and Svenska Cupen and qualified for the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League.

2018 Djurgårdens IF season
The 2018 season is Djurgårdens IF's 118th in existence, their 63rd season in Allsvenskan and their 18th consecutive season in the league. They are competing in Allsvenskan and Svenska Cupen and qualified for the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League.
Graham Oppy
Graham Robert Oppy (born 1960) is an Australian philosopher whose main area of research is the philosophy of religion. He is Professor of Philosophy and Associate Dean of Research at Monash University, CEO of the Australasian Association of Philosophy, chief editor of the Australasian Philosophical Review, associate editor of the Australasian Journal of Philosophy, and he is on the editorial boards of Philo, Philosopher's Compass, Religious Studies, and Sophia. He was elected fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities in 2009.

Australian Academy of the Humanities
The Australian Academy of the Humanities was established by Royal Charter in 1969 to advance scholarship and public interest in the humanities in Australia. It operates as an independent not-for-profit organisation partly funded by the Australian Government.
1994 America's Red Clay Tennis Championships
The 1994 America's Red Clay Tennis Championships was an ATP men's tennis tournament held in Coral Springs, Florida, United States that was part of the ATP World Series of the 1994 ATP Tour. It was the second edition of the tournament and was held from May 9 thorough May 16 and was played on outdoor clay courts. Sixth-seeded Luiz Mattar won the singles title.

Delray Beach Open
The Delray Beach Open is an ATP 250 professional tennis tournament held annually in Delray Beach, Florida, United States, on hardcourts.

It was previously known as America's Red Clay Championships, Citrix Tennis Championships,  and the Delray Beach International Tennis Championships (ITC). The event was held in Coral Springs from 1993 to 1998; in 1999, it was relocated to the Delray Beach Tennis Center. American Todd Martin won the tournament's first singles event in 1993. The tournament was renamed to its current name in 2014.
1937 Heze earthquakes
The 1937 Heze earthquakes struck the Mudan District in Shandong Province, China on July 31 and August 1 respectively. The moment magnitude 7.0 and 6.7 earthquakes were centered near the city of Heze. Although the total number of casualties has never been finalized, at least 3,252 people died and 12,701 were injured. The earthquakes also killed more than 6,000 livestock and destroyed 470,000 homes. Due to the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, rescue operations by the Chinese government were ineffective.

Mudan, Heze
Mudan District is an urban district of Heze, Shandong province. It is the seat of Heze's prefectural government and center of its built-up or metro area, bordering Henan province to the northwest across the Yellow River.
Azo compound
Azo compounds are organic compounds bearing the functional group diazenyl (R−N=N−R′, in which R and R′ can be either aryl or alkyl groups).

IUPAC defines azo compounds as: "Derivatives of diazene (diimide), HN=NH, wherein both hydrogens are substituted by hydrocarbyl groups, e.g. PhN=NPh azobenzene or diphenyldiazene.", where Ph stands for phenyl group. The more stable derivatives contain two aryl groups. The N=N group is called an azo group (from French  azote 'nitrogen', from Ancient Greek  ἀ- (a-) 'not' and  ζωή (zōē) 'life').

Many textile and leather articles are dyed with azo dyes and pigments.

Diimide
Diimide, also called diazene or diimine, is a compound having the formula HN=NH. It exists as two geometric isomers, E (trans) and Z (cis). The term diazene is more common for organic derivatives of diimide. Thus, azobenzene is an example of an organic diazene.