hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sanda Domain
Sanda Domain (三田藩, Sanda-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Settsu Province in what is now the southeastern portion of modern-day Hyōgo Prefecture.  It had its administrative headquarters at Sanda jin'ya (later styled "Sanda Castle"), located in what is now the city of Sanda, Hyōgo Prefecture.   It was controlled by the tozama daimyō Kuki clan throughout most of its history.

Tanba Province
Tanba Province (丹波国, Tanba no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [taꜜm.ba (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan in the area of central Kyoto and east-central Hyōgo Prefectures.  Tanba bordered on Harima, Ōmi, Settsu, Tajima. Tango, Wakasa, and Yamashiro provinces. Its abbreviated form name was Tanshū (丹州). In terms of the Gokishichidō system, Tanba was one of the provinces of the San'indō circuit. Under the Engishiki classification system, Tanba was ranked as one of the "superior countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "near countries" (近国) in terms of distance from the capital.  The provincial capital is believed to have been located in what is now the city of Kameoka, although the exact location remains uncertain. The ichinomiya of the province is the Izumo-daijingū also located in Kameoka. The province had an area of 1,283.43 square kilometres (495.54 sq mi).
Club Almirante Brown
Club Almirante Brown (mostly known simply as Almirante Brown) is an Argentine sports club headquartered in the San Justo district of La Matanza Partido, in Greater Buenos Aires.

Although other sports are practised at the club, Almirante Brown is mostly known for its football team, which currently plays in the Primera B Nacional, the 2nd division of the Argentine football league system. The football stadium, names Frigate President Sarmiento, is situated at the westernmost part of San Justo, marking the transition with the nearby town of Casanova, and shares the same postal codes as San Justo (1754), district of the same partido. Almirante Brown has also a women's association football section.

Apart from football, other sports and activities hosted by the institution are tennis, field hockey y futsal.

San Justo, Buenos Aires
San Justo is a city and the seat of government of La Matanza Partido, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

San Justo is a relatively prosperous city enjoying a variety of commercial and cultural resources.  Its strategic location on National Highway 3 and Provincial Highway 4 (the Greater Buenos Aires beltway), make it among the most active, for its size, in the partido.

Pedro Bonifacio Palacios, an Argentine poet, was born in San Justo, and one of the main streets of the city is named in his honor under his nickname Almafuerte.

The Plaza San Martín is the center of La Matanza and its civic center, where the main institutions of the partido are located within a four-block radius.
2019 Fergana Challenger
The 2019 Fergana Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 20th edition of the tournament for men which was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour, and the ninth edition of the event for women on the 2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Fergana, Uzbekistan, between 3–9 June (women) and 17–23 June (men).

2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour
The 2019 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's World Tennis Tour is a second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. The ITF Women's World Tennis Tour includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $100,000. The ITF Women's World Tennis Tour is the product of reforms designed to support talented junior players in their progression to the senior game, and target the prize money effectively at professional tournaments to enable more players to make a living.
Leona Mitchell
Leona Pearl Mitchell (born October 13, 1949, Enid, Oklahoma) is an American operatic soprano who sang for 18 seasons as a leading spinto soprano at the Metropolitan Opera in New York.

In her home state of Oklahoma, she received many honors. These include the Oklahoma Hall of Fame, the Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame, the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame and the Oklahoma Jazz Hall of Fame. 
She received honorary doctorates from Oklahoma City University and the University of Oklahoma. In 1983, she was inducted into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame.

Her home town of Enid has a street named after her called Leona Mitchell Boulevard, as well as the Leona Mitchell Southern Heights Heritage Center and Museum. Governor Brad Henry of Oklahoma made her Oklahoma's State Cultural Ambassador.

Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame
Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame was established in 1982 by Oklahoma Governor George Nigh "to honor Oklahoma women who are pioneers in their field or in a project that benefits Oklahoma; who have made a significant contribution to the State of Oklahoma; who serve or have served as role models to other Oklahoma women; who may be "unsung heroes," but have made a difference in the lives of Oklahomans or Americans because of their actions; who have championed other women, women's issues, or served as public policy advocates for the issues important to women; and who exemplify the Oklahoma spirit."

The Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame is one of several events sponsored by the Oklahoma Commission on the Status of Women to support its mission, "To improve the quality of life for women, children and families in Oklahoma." Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there were no inductees in 2020 and 2021.
Janusz Lewandowski (diplomat)
Janusz Lewandowski (10 March 1931 – 13 August 2013) was a Polish People’s Republic diplomat, known for arranging the Operation Marigold, a failed secret attempt to reach a compromise solution to the Vietnam War.

In 1955 he graduated from Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, then Ukrainian SSR and afterwards held various positions at the Polish foreign ministry.

At the time when he started arranging  the Vietnam talks, officially he was a representative at the International Control Commission set up to monitor the ceasefire in the divided Vietnam.

Later he served as an ambassador to a number of countries and retired in 1991.

Lewandowski died of cancer in 2013 and was interred at the Powązki Military Cemetery.

Powązki Military Cemetery
Powązki Military Cemetery (Polish pronunciation: [pɔˈvɔ̃skʲi]; Polish: Cmentarz Wojskowy na Powązkach) is an old military cemetery located in the Żoliborz district, western part of Warsaw, Poland. The cemetery is often confused with the older Powązki Cemetery, known colloquially as "Old Powązki". The Old Powązki cemetery is located to the south-east of the military cemetery.

The military cemetery holds the graves of many who have fought and died for their country since the early 19th century, including a large number involved in the 1920 Battle of Warsaw, the September 1939 Campaign, and the 1944 Warsaw Uprising against Nazi Germany.
2020 RPM Open – Doubles
The men's doubles of the 2020 RPM Open tournament took place on clay in Prague, Czech Republic.

This was the first edition of the tournament.

Sander Arends and David Pel won the title after defeating André Göransson and Gonçalo Oliveira 7–5, 7–6(7–5) in the final.

2020 RPM Open
The 2020 RPM Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was part of the 2020 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place at the TJ Spoje in the Žižkov neighbourhood of Prague, Czech Republic.
Das Verbrechen als soziale Erscheinung; Grundzüge der Kriminal-Sociologie
Das Verbrechen als soziale Erscheinung; Grundzüge der Kriminal-Sociologie (translated to English: Crime as a Social Phenomenon; Outlines of Criminal Sociology) was written by Enrico Ferri and originally published in 1884, but has undergone several revisions since then. It deals with Ferri's perspective on criminal sociology and problems of penology. The book is known as Ferri's most important work and represents the positive school of criminology.

Cesare Beccaria
Cesare Bonesana di Beccaria, Marquis of Gualdrasco and Villareggio (Italian: [ˈtʃeːzare bekkaˈriːa, ˈtʃɛː-]; 15 March 1738 – 28 November 1794) was an Italian criminologist, jurist, philosopher, economist, and politician who is widely considered one of the greatest thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment. He is well remembered for his treatise On Crimes and Punishments (1764), which condemned torture and the death penalty, and was a founding work in the field of penology and the classical school of criminology. Beccaria is considered the father of modern criminal law and the father of criminal justice.

According to John Bessler, Beccaria's works had a profound influence on the Founding Fathers of the United States.
Charles W. Chesnutt
Charles Waddell Chesnutt (June 20, 1858 – November 15, 1932) was an African American author, essayist, political activist, and lawyer, best known for his novels and short stories exploring complex issues of racial and social identity in the post-Civil War South. Two of his books were adapted as silent films in 1926 and 1927 by the African-American director and producer Oscar Micheaux. Following the Civil Rights Movement during the 20th century, interest in the works of Chesnutt was revived. Several of his books were published in new editions, and he received formal recognition. A commemorative stamp was printed in 2008.

During the early 20th century in Cleveland, Ohio, Chesnutt established what became a highly successful court reporting business, which provided his main income. He became active in the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, writing articles supporting education as well as legal challenges to discriminatory laws.

Passing (racial identity)
Passing, in the context of race, occurs when one conceals their socially applied racial identity or ethnicity in order to be perceived as another race for acceptance and/or other benefits. Historically, the term has been used primarily in the United States to describe a person of mixed race who has assimilated into the white majority to escape the legal and social consequences of racial segregation and discrimination. In the Antebellum South, passing as White was sometimes a temporary disguise used as a means of escaping slavery, which had become a racial caste.
Buckhorn Exchange
The Buckhorn Exchange is a historic landmark restaurant and American frontier museum located in Lincoln Park, Denver, Colorado. The restaurant opened in 1893 and is the oldest continuously operating restaurant in Denver.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 as the Zeitz Buckhorn Exchange.

Steakhouse
A steakhouse, steak house, or chophouse is a restaurant that specializes in steaks and chops. Modern steakhouses may also carry other cuts of meat including poultry, roast prime rib, and veal, as well as fish and other seafood.
Estádio Luís Pereira
Estádio Luís Pereira was a multi-use stadium in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. It was initially used as the stadium of Botafogo Futebol Clube matches.  It was replaced by Estádio Santa Cruz in 1967.  The capacity of the stadium was 15,000 spectators.

Estádio Santa Cruz
The Estádio Santa Cruz is a multi-purpose stadium in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo state, Brazil. Primarily used for football matches, it has a seating capacity of 29,292 and was built in 1968. The stadium is owned by Botafogo Futebol Clube, commonly referred to Botafogo-SP, and its name honors the neighborhood where it was built (Santa Cruz do José Jacques).
Southern Chile (wine region)
The Southern Chilean Wine Region or The South is one of the five principal wine regions of Chile. It encompasses all wine-growing areas in of Bío Bío Region and Araucanía Region. The South wine region is composed of three minor wine districts; Itata Valley, Bío Bío Valley and Malleco Valley.

Biobío Region
The Biobío Region (Spanish: Región del Biobío [ˌbi.oˈβi.o]) is one of Chile's sixteen regions (first-order administrative divisions). With a population of 1.5 million, thus being the third most populated region in Chile, it is divided into three provinces: Arauco, Biobío and Concepción. The latter contains its capital and largest city, Concepción, a major city and metro area in the country. Los Ángeles, capital of the Biobío Province, is another important city in the region.
Maxwell Park, Oakland, California
37°46′45″N 122°11′45″W﻿ / ﻿37.77917°N 122.19583°W﻿ / 37.77917; -122.19583

Maxwell Park is a neighborhood in Oakland, California located in the foothills of the city. It is geographically bordered by MacArthur Boulevard, High Street, Trask Street, Foothill Boulevard, and 55th Avenue and is adjacent to Mills College, I-580, Brookdale Park, and the Fairfax neighborhood. It lies at an elevation of from 138 feet to its highest point of 266 feet on Knowland Ave (42 m).

Many of the homes in the neighborhood have panoramic views of the Oakland Hills to the north, Alameda and the San Francisco Bay to the west.

Oakland Hills, Oakland, California
37°50′18.22″N 122°12′1.95″W﻿ / ﻿37.8383944°N 122.2005417°W﻿ / 37.8383944; -122.2005417

Oakland Hills is an informal term used to indicate the city neighborhoods lying within the eastern portion of Oakland, California.  The northernmost neighborhoods were devastated by the Oakland firestorm of 1991.
Paris by Night 95
Paris By Night 95: 25th Anniversary - Cám Ơn Cuộc Ðời (25th Anniversary - Thank You, Life!) is a Paris By Night program produced by Thúy Nga Productions that was filmed at the Terrace Theater at the Long Beach Convention and Entertainment Center on September 21, 2008.

The program is the second part of a 2-part program produced by Thúy Nga to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the reestablishment of Thúy Nga overseas.

Paris by Night
Paris by Night (commonly abbreviated as PBN) is a direct-to-video series featuring Vietnamese-language musical variety shows produced by Thúy Nga Productions. Hosted mainly by Nguyễn Ngọc Ngạn and Nguyễn Cao Kỳ Duyên, the series includes musical performances by modern pop stars, traditional folk songs, one-act plays, and sketch comedy.
Bouldnor Formation
The Bouldnor Formation is a geological formation in the Hampshire Basin of southern England. It is the youngest formation of the Solent Group and was deposited during the uppermost Eocene and lower Oligocene.

Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy is a branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers (strata) and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks.
Stratigraphy has three related subfields: lithostratigraphy (lithologic stratigraphy), biostratigraphy (biologic stratigraphy), and chronostratigraphy (stratigraphy by age).

Several principles and laws come into play when using stratigraphy such as Principle of original horizontality, Law of superposition, Cross-cutting relationships, Principle of inclusions, Principle of faunal succession.
Kyrinion
Kyrinion is an extinct genus of baphetid tetrapodomorph from the Late Carboniferous of England. It is known from a skull that was found in Tyne and Wear county dating back to the Westphalian stage. Along with the skull is part of the lower jaw, an arch of the atlas bone (the vertebra that connects to the skull) and a rib possibly belonging to a cervical (neck) vertebra. The type species K. martilli was named from this material in 2003.

Baphetidae
Baphetidae is an extinct family of stem-tetrapods. Baphetids were large labyrinthodont predators of the Late Carboniferous period (Namurian through Westphalian) of Europe. Fragmentary remains from the Early Carboniferous of Canada have been tentatively assigned to the group. The phylogenetic relationships of baphetids is uncertain; while many studies have placed the group as a close relative of Amniota, other analyses have found Baphetidae to be a more basal clade of early stem tetrapods. Baphetids were among the first of the Carboniferous fossil tetrapods to be found and were originally described in 1850 by John William Dawson. The baphetids have been referred to the family Loxommatidae, but this group was later shown to be a junior synonym of Baphetidae, which was named earlier in 1865. Baphetids are known mainly from skulls; very little postcranial material has been found.
Penrose–Lucas argument
The Penrose–Lucas argument is a logical argument partially based on Kurt Gödel's first incompleteness theorem. In 1931, Gödel proved that every effectively generated theory capable of proving basic arithmetic either fails to be consistent or fails to be complete. John Lucas and Roger Penrose postulate that this incompleteness does not apply to humans, and conclude that humans can have mathematical insights that Turing machines can't. Penrose and Stuart Hameroff proposed a quantum explanation, and used it to provide the basis of their theory of consciousness: orchestrated objective reduction. The argument is rejected by most scholars.

Peter Norvig
Peter Norvig (born 14 December 1956) is an American computer scientist and Distinguished Education Fellow at the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered AI. He previously served as a director of research and search quality at Google. Norvig is the co-author with Stuart J. Russell of the most popular textbook in the field of AI: Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach used in more than 1,500 universities in 135 countries.
Honolulu Printmakers
Honolulu Printmakers is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization of Hawaii-based printmaking artists, that operates a printing studio open to the community. It conducts public exhibitions, lectures, demonstration, workshops, and an outreach program in local intermediate and high schools. The organization holds an annual juried print exhibition.

The Honolulu Printmakers was established in 1928 by Charles W. Bartlett, John Melville Kelly, Huc-Mazelet Luquiens and Alexander Samuel MacLeod. It has developed the tradition of the “gift print”, a print commissioned for sale as a fundraiser at the organization’s exhibitions. The 75th anniversary of the organization was celebrated with a retrospective exhibition at the Honolulu Museum of Art and an accompanying catalogue, A Tradition of Gift Prints.

Alexander Samuel MacLeod
Alexander Samuel MacLeod (1888–1956), also known as Sam MacLeod, was a Canadian-born American painter and printmaker. He was best known for his depictions of Hawaii landscapes, and portraits of Native Hawaiians.
2025 Melbourne Storm season
The 2025 Melbourne Storm season was the 28th in the club's history, competing in the 2025 NRL season. The team was coached by Craig Bellamy, coaching the club for a 23rd consecutive season. Harry Grant continued as club captain for a second season.

Melbourne qualified for the 2025 NRL Grand Final, the 12th time the club had reached the season deciding match. In the Grand Final against the Brisbane Broncos, Melbourne led 22–12 at half time, but were held scoreless in the second half to lose 26–22.

In a first for the club, the under-21 squad won the 2025 Jersey Flegg Cup premiership, winning the Grand Final 38–16 against Penrith.

Harry Grant (rugby league)
Harry Grant (born 17 February 1998) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who captains and plays as a hooker for the Melbourne Storm in the National Rugby League, represents Queensland in State of Origin and vice-captains Australia at international level.

Grant played for the Wests Tigers on loan for the 2020 NRL season. The arrangement between Wests and the Storm to trade Grant with Paul Momirovski was the first loan arrangement in NRL history.

Grant captained the Storm to the 2024 NRL Grand Final.
Poranki
Poranki is a Major Locality of Vijayawada in NTR district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Penamaluru mandal of Vijayawada revenue division. As per the G.O. No. M.S.104 (dated:23-03-2017), Municipal Administration and Urban Development Department, it became a part of Vijayawada metropolitan area. 
It is 2 KM from Penamaluru.

Penamaluru
Penamaluru is a Locality of Vijayawada in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is the mandal headquarters of Penamaluru mandal . As per the G.O. No. M.S.104 (dated:23-03-2017), Municipal Administration and Urban  Department, it became a part of vijayawada metropolitan area.
Labor Party (Puerto Rico)
The Labor Party (Spanish: Partido Obrero), also known as the Socialist Worker's Party (Spanish: Partido Obrero Socialista), was a political party in Puerto Rico from 1899 to 1915.

The party was founded on July 18, 1899 by Santiago Iglesias Pantín, an early leader of the Puerto Rican labor movement who was influenced by the Socialist Labor Party of America.

The Labor Party was formally re-organized as the Socialist Party on March 21, 1915, in the town of Cayey. It originally served as the political arm of the Free Federation of Workers, which became the Puerto Rican branch of the American Federation of Labor.

Free Federation of Workers
The Free Federation of Workers (Spanish: Federación Libre de Trabajadores, FLT) was a union federation in Puerto Rico. It was founded in 1899 and initially led by Santiago Iglesias Pantín. Its political arm became the Socialist Party, founded in 1915.

It affiliated with the American Federation of Labor in October 1901, and it grew increasingly close to the AFL's conservative approach to unionism. This led to the creation of the rival General Confederation of Workers (CGT) in the 1930s. The FLT and CGT later merged and formed the basis of the Puerto Rico Federation of Labor.
Basay language
Basay was a Formosan language spoken around modern-day Taipei in northern Taiwan by the Basay, Qauqaut, and Trobiawan peoples. Trobiawan, Linaw, and Qauqaut were other dialects (see East Formosan languages).

Basay data is mostly available from Erin Asai's 1936 field notes, which were collected from an elderly Basay speaker in Shinshe, Taipei, as well as another one in Yilan who spoken the Trobiawan dialect. However, the Shinshe informant's speech was heavily influenced by Taiwanese, and the Trobiawan informant, named Ipai, had heavy Kavalan influence in her speech.

Li (1992) mentions four Basaic languages: Basay, Luilang, Nankan, Puting. Nankan and Puting are close to Kavalan, whereas Luilang is divergent.

Kavalan language
Kavalan (also known as Kvalan, Kebalan or Kbalan) was formerly spoken in the Northeast coast area of Taiwan by the Kavalan people (噶瑪蘭). It is an East Formosan language of the Austronesian family.

Kavalan is no longer spoken in its original area. As of 1930, it was used only as a home language. As of 1987, it was still spoken in Atayal territories. In 2000, this language was still reported to be spoken by 24 speakers but considered moribund.

In 2017, a study using the EDGE metric from species conservation found that Kavalan, although critically endangered, was among the most lexically distinct of Austronesian languages.
Business software
Business software (or a business application) is any software or set of computer programs used by business users to perform various business functions. These business applications are used to increase productivity, measure productivity, and perform other business functions accurately.

Project management software
Project management software are computer programs that help plan, organize, and manage resources.

Depending on the sophistication of the software, it can manage estimation and planning, scheduling, cost control, budget management, resource allocation, collaboration software, communication, decision-making, quality management, time management and documentation or administration systems.

Numerous PC and browser-based project management software and contract management software products and services are available.