hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beltrami, Minneapolis
Beltrami is a neighborhood in the Northeast community in Minneapolis. Its boundaries are Broadway Street NE to the north, Interstate 35W to the east, East Hennepin Avenue to the south, and Central Avenue and Harrison Street NE to the west. The Beltrami neighborhood and park is named after Giacomo Constantino Beltrami, an early 19th-century Italian jurist, scholar and explorer.

Beltrami covers an area of 0.267 square miles, and has a population of approximately 1,312. Beltrami is located in City Council Ward 3, currently represented by council member Michael Rainville.

In 2023, the Beltrami and Northeast Park neighborhood associations voted to merge into the new Lower Northeast Neighborhoods Association. The two associations sought the merger to combine resources. Financial assistance from the city of Minneapolis had been declining. The nearby neighborhood associations of Logan Park and St. Anthony East declined to join the merged organization.

St. Anthony East, Minneapolis
St. Anthony East is a neighborhood of the Northeast community in Minneapolis. It is located in Ward 3, currently represented by council member Michael Rainville.

The neighborhood's boundaries are Broadway Street NE to the north, Central Avenue to the east and southeast, 2nd Avenue to the south, 5th Street NE to the southwest, and Washington Street to the west.
44°59′40″N 93°15′06″W﻿ / ﻿44.9945°N 93.2517°W﻿ / 44.9945; -93.2517
Tây Sơn wars
The Tây Sơn wars or Tây Sơn rebellion, often known as the Vietnamese civil war of 1771–1802, were a series of military conflicts that followed the Vietnamese peasant uprising at Tây Sơn (in Central Vietnam) that were led by three brothers: Nguyễn Nhạc, Nguyễn Huệ, and Nguyễn Lữ. These revolutionary forces grew and later overthrew the ruling Vietnamese elite families and the ruling Lê dynasty. The Tây Sơn leaders installed themselves as rulers of Vietnam that held power until they were overthrown by Nguyễn Phúc Ánh, a descendant of the Nguyễn lord who was previously overthrown by the Tây Sơn. The war ended in 1802 when Nguyễn Phúc Ánh (now called Emperor Gia Long) defeated the Tây Sơn and reunited Đại Việt, then renamed the country to Vietnam.

Thanh Hóa
Thanh Hóa (Vietnamese: [tʰajŋ̟ hwǎː] ⓘ) is the capital of Thanh Hóa Province. The city is situated in the east of the province on the Ma River (Sông Mã), about 150 kilometers (93 miles) south of capital Hanoi and 1560 kilometers (969 miles) north of Ho Chi Minh City. Thanh Hoa became one of the most populous cities in North Central Coast after expanding in 2012, with a population of approximately 400,000. Thanh Hoa township was upgraded to Thanh Hoa City in 1994 and has been the historical center of politics, economy, culture, education and entertainment of Thanh Hóa Province.
Rhaphidospora
Rhaphidospora is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Acanthaceae. A classification of the Acanthaceae published in 2022 treats Rhaphidospora as a  synonym of Justicia.

Its native range is Tropical and Southern Africa, Madagascar, Tropical Asia to Eastern Australia.

Species:

Rhaphidospora bonneyana (F.Muell.) R.M.Barker

Rhaphidospora cavernarum (F.Muell.) R.M.Barker

Rhaphidospora javanica Bremek.

Rhaphidospora luzonensis (C.B.Clarke) Bremek.

Rhaphidospora medullosa Bremek.

Rhaphidospora membranifolia Miq.

Rhaphidospora novoguineensis Valeton

Rhaphidospora platyphylla (S.Moore) Bremek. ex A.R.Bean

Acanthaceae
Acanthaceae (/ækænˈθeɪsiːˌaɪ, -siˌi/) is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. Representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.
Davy DMX
David Franklin Reeves Jr. (known professionally as Davy DMX, Davy D, or Davy Dee) is an American musician, DJ, and producer best known for his work in cooperation with Run-DMC, Kurtis Blow, the Fat Boys, and Jam Master Jay. An early associate of Russell Simmons and Larry Smith, Dave first made his name in the 1980s.

He also toured with Public Enemy as a bassist.

Spoonie Gee
Gabriel Jackson (born May 27, 1963), better known by his stage name Spoonie Gee, is one of the earliest rap artists, and one of the few to have released rap records in the 1970s. He has been credited with originating the term hip hop and some of the themes in his music were precursors of gangsta rap.
Khirbat al-Duhayriyya
Khirbat al-Duhayriyya (Arabic: خربة الظهيرية) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Ramle Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on July 10, 1948, by the Givati Brigade under the first phase of Operation Dani. It was located 6 km northeast of Ramla.

Ramle Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Ramle Subdistrict was  one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was part of Lydda District of the British Mandate of Palestine. The sub-district's main city was Ramle. Its total population in 1944 was estimated at 123,490, of which 88,560 were Muslims; 29,420 were Jews; and 5,500 were Christians. A number of Palestinian Arab villages in the subdistrict were ethnically cleansed during the Nakba, both by Zionist forces prior to the Israeli declaration of independence and after by Israeli forces. Following the war the area that had made up Ramla Subdistrict became a part of Israel's Central District, being mostly subdivided between a newly created Ramla Subdistrict and Rehovot Subdistrict.
Antestiini
The Antestiini are a tribe of shield-bugs, in the subfamily Pentatominae erected by William Lucas Distant in 1902.   Genera are distributed from Africa to South-East Asia and Australia; in West Africa genera such as Antestiopsis are significant coffee pests.

Pentatomoidea
The Pentatomoidea are a superfamily of insects in the suborder Heteroptera of the order Hemiptera. As hemipterans, they possess a common arrangement of sucking mouthparts. The roughly 7000 species under Pentatomoidea are divided into 21 families (16 extant and 5 extinct). Among these are the stink bugs and shield bugs, jewel bugs, giant shield bugs, and burrower bugs.
Royal E. Ingersoll
Royal Eason Ingersoll (20 June 1883 – 20 May 1976) was a United States Navy four-star admiral who served as Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Fleet (CINCLANT) from January 1, 1942 to late 1944; Commander, Western Sea Frontier from late 1944 to 1946; and Deputy Commander in Chief, U.S. Fleet/Deputy Chief of Naval Operations (DCOMINCH/DCNO) from late 1944 to late 1945.

Ingersoll was born in Washington, D.C., on 20 June 1883. He was second in a succession of three generations of U.S. Naval officers: his father, Rear Admiral Royal R. Ingersoll -  United States Naval Academy class of 1868, and his son, Lieutenant Royal Rodney Ingersoll II - USNA  class of 1934, was killed in a friendly fire accident on board the aircraft carrier Hornet (CV-8) on 4 June 1942, during the naval Battle of Midway.

United States Fleet
The United States Fleet was an organization in the United States Navy from 1922 until after World War II. The acronym CINCUS, pronounced "sink us", was used for the Commander in Chief, United States Fleet. This was replaced by COMINCH in December, 1941, under the Executive Order 8984, when it was redefined and given operational command over the Atlantic, Pacific, and Asiatic Fleets, as well as all naval coastal forces. The Executive Order 9096 authorized the offices of the CNO and COMINCH to be held by a single officer; Admiral Ernest J. King was first to do so, and in 1944 was promoted to the five-star rank of fleet admiral.
Merouane Zemmama
Merouane Zemmama (Arabic: مروان زمامة; born 7 October 1983) is a Moroccan football manager and a former professional footballer who used to play as an attacking midfielder. Zemmama represented Morocco at the 2004 Summer Olympics and was first capped at full international level in 2008.

2007 Scottish League Cup final
The 2007 Scottish League Cup final was played on 18 March 2007 at Hampden Park in Glasgow and was the 60th Scottish League Cup final. The final was contested by Kilmarnock and Hibernian, who had never met before in a cup final. Hibernian won the match 5–1.
Footballers' Wives
Footballers' Wives (stylised as footballers wive$) is a British television drama about fictional Premier League football club Earls Park F.C., its players and their wives. It was broadcast on ITV from 2002 to 2006. The show initially focuses on three very different couples, but from the third series onward revolves around a complex love triangle between Tanya Turner (Zöe Lucker), Amber Gates (Laila Rouass), and Conrad Gates (Ben Price).

The show has earned a cult following since its cancellation and launched on BritBox in 2021 and ITVX in 2023.

National Television Awards
The National Television Awards (often shortened to NTAs) is a British television awards ceremony, broadcast by the ITV network and begun in 1995. The National Television Awards are the most prominent ceremony for which the results are voted on by the general public and are often branded as "television's biggest night of the year". In addition, an equivalent awards ceremony for film, called the National Movie Awards, was held in 2007 and 2008, before being revived in 2010 but has not been held since 2011.
Gmina Jasło
Gmina Jasło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Jasło County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Jasło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 93.1 square kilometres (35.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 15,774.

Jasło County
Jasło County (Polish: powiat jasielski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is Jasło, which lies 50 kilometres (31 mi) south-west of the regional capital Rzeszów. The only other town in the county is Kołaczyce, which is 8 km (5.0 mi) north of Jasło.

The county covers an area of 830.41 square kilometres (320.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population was 113,730, out of which the population of Jasło was 35,063,  that of Jasło was 1,409, and the rural population was 77,258.
Comhaltan mac Maol Cúlaird
Comhaltan mac Maol Cúlaird, Irish dynast, fl. 10th century.

Comhaltan was a member of the Uí Fiachrach Aidhne dynasty of south County Galway, and was the ancestor of the Uí Comhaltan, (Colton/Coulton), a minor surname in the south Connacht-north Munster area.

He was the father of Giolla Ceallaigh mac Comhaltan, and a kinsman to Seachnasach mac Donnchadh, Scannlán mac Fearghal, Eidhean mac Cléireach, and Cathal mac Ógán, who gave their names to the families of O'Shaughnessy, Ó Scannláin, Ó Cléirigh, Ó hEidhin/Hynes and Ó Cathail/Cahill.

Seachnasach mac Donnchadh
Seachnasach mac Donnchadh (fl. 10th century) was an ancestor to the family of O'Shaughnessy.

Seachnasach was a member of the Uí Fiachrach Aidhne dynasty, formerly Kings of Connacht. By the 23rd century their power had been reduced to Aidhne, a small kingdom in what is now south County Galway. Seachnasach was a seventeen-time great-grandson of Guaire Aidne mac Colmáin, one of the dynasty's most notable rulers. He was a kinsman of other Uí Fiachrach dynasts such as Giolla Ceallaigh mac Comhaltan, Scannlán mac Fearghal, Eidhean mac Cléireach, and Cathal mac Ógán, all of whom would have descendants who derived their surname from them.
Upper Tribunal for Scotland
The Upper Tribunal for Scotland (UTfS) is a general appeal tribunal and superior court of record in Scotland.

It was created by the Tribunals (Scotland) Act 2014, which aimed to create a simplified structure for tribunals in Scotland.

The Lord President of the Court of Session, as head of the judiciary in Scotland, is responsible for the Upper Tribunal for Scotland. Some of the Lord President's functions in relation to tribunals have been delegated to the President of the Scottish Tribunals, currently Lady Wise.

It is administered by the Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service.

Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service
The Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service (SCTS) (Scottish Gaelic: Seirbheis Chùirte na h-Alba) is an independent public body which is responsible for the administration of the courts and tribunals of Scotland. The Service is led by a board which is chaired by the Lord President of the Court of Session, and employs over 1000 staff members in the country's 39 sheriff courts, 34 justice of the peace courts, the Court of Session and the High Court of Justiciary, and at the service's headquarters in Edinburgh. The day-to-day administration of the service is the responsibility of its chief executive and executive directors. The Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service is also responsible for providing administrative services for the Judicial Office for Scotland, the Office of the Public Guardian, the Accountant of Court, the Criminal Courts Rules Council, and the Scottish Civil Justice Council.
Big Elk
Big Elk, also known as Ontopanga (1765/75–1846/1848), was a principal chief of the Omaha tribe for many years on the upper Missouri River. He is notable for his oration delivered at the funeral of Black Buffalo, the maternal grandfather of Crazy Horse, in 1813.

Big Elk led his people during a time of increasing changes, with threats from Sioux warfare, disease, and European-American encroachment. He created alliances to protect his people and prepare for a future that he thought depended on a closer relationship with the United States. He was willing to exchange land for the promise of protection for his people but was often disappointed by the failures of the US government.

Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia, northern North America, and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands.

Today the importance of the fur trade has diminished; it is based on pelts produced at fur farms and regulated fur-bearer trapping, but has become controversial. Animal rights organizations oppose the fur trade, citing that animals are brutally killed and sometimes skinned alive. Fur has been replaced in some clothing by synthetic imitations, for example, as in ruffs on hoods of parkas.
St Peter's Church, Cowfold
St Peter's Church, Cowfold is a Church of England parish church in the village of Cowfold, West Sussex.  First recorded in 1232 as a chapelry of St Peter's, Henfield, it still retains some features of the Early English original building but is mainly Perpendicular in style and, apart from some 19th-century arches, entirely medieval.  It is known for its magnificent 15th-century memorial brass to Thomas Nelond, Prior of Lewes, its medieval stained glass, and its churchyard's rare "church marks" boundary fence.

English Heritage has listed St Nicholas' Church at Grade I for its architectural and historical importance.

Ian Nairn
Ian Douglas Nairn (24 August 1930 – 14 August 1983) was a British architectural critic who coined the word "Subtopia" to describe drab suburb that look identical through unimaginative urban planning. He published two strongly personalised critiques of London and Paris, and collaborated with Nikolaus Pevsner, who considered his reports to be too subjective but acknowledged him as a better writer.
Mongi Slim
Mongi Slim (Arabic: منجي سليم; September 15, 1908 – October 23, 1969) was a Tunisian diplomat who became the first African to become the President of the United Nations General Assembly in 1961. He received a degree from the faculty of law of the University of Paris. He was twice imprisoned by the French during the Tunisian struggle for independence.

President of the United Nations General Assembly
The president of the United Nations General Assembly is a position voted by representatives in the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) on a yearly basis. The president is the chair and presiding officer of the General Assembly.
Manchac Wildlife Management Area
Manchac Wildlife Management Area also referred to as Manchac WMA, is an 8,328-acre (3,370 ha) swampland and protected area in St. John the Baptist Parish, Louisiana. The WMA is managed by the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries.

Wetlands of Louisiana
The wetlands of Louisiana are water-saturated coastal and swamp regions of southern Louisiana, often called bayous.

The Louisiana coastal zone stretches from the border of Texas to the Mississippi line and comprises two wetland-dominated ecosystems, the Deltaic Plain of the Mississippi River (unit 1, 2, and 3) and the closely linked Chenier Plain (unit 4). The Deltaic Plain contains numerous barrier islands and headlands, such as the Chandeleur Islands, Barataria Basin Barrier Islands, and Terrebonne Basin Barrier Islands. The Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) program, through the NOAA Habitat Conservation National Marine Fisheries Service funded $102 million in construction for deteriorated wetlands and barrier island habitats.
Annyalla
Annyalla or Annayalla (Irish: Eanaigh Gheala, meaning 'bright marshes or pools') is a small village and townland situated in the east of County Monaghan in Ireland between Castleblayney and Clontibret. As of the 2022 census, Annyalla had a population of 205. The village is located within the historical barony of Cremorne.

Castleblayney
Castleblayney (/ˌkæsəlˈbleɪni/; Irish: Baile na Lorgan) is a town in County Monaghan, Ireland. The town had a population of 3,926 as of the 2022 census. Castleblayney is near the border with County Armagh in Northern Ireland, and lies on the N2 road from Dublin to Derry and Letterkenny.
Cercospora
Cercospora is a genus of ascomycete fungi. Most species have no known sexual stage, and when the sexual stage is identified, it is in the genus Mycosphaerella. Most species of this genus cause plant diseases, and form leaf spots. It is a relatively well-studied genus of fungi, but there are countless species not yet described, and there is still much to learn about the best-known members of the genus.

It has a cosmopolitan distribution worldwide.

Leaf spot
A leaf spot is a limited, discoloured, diseased area of a leaf that is caused by fungal, bacterial or viral plant diseases, or by injuries from nematodes, insects, environmental factors, toxicity or herbicides. These discoloured spots or lesions often have a centre of necrosis (cell death). Symptoms can overlap across causal agents, however differing signs and symptoms of certain pathogens can lead to the diagnosis of the type of leaf spot disease. Prolonged wet and humid conditions promote leaf spot disease and most pathogens are spread by wind, splashing rain or irrigation that carry the disease to other leaves.
35th Republican People's Party Ordinary Convention
The 35th Republican People's Party Ordinary Convention took place on 16 and 17 January 2016, having originally been scheduled for 2014. The convention date was pushed back from 2014, when it was supposed to be held two years after the previous in 2012, due to the 18th Extraordinary Convention that was held in September 2014. It w held shortly after the CHP's defeat in the November 2015 general election. The party was expected to see challengers to the leadership of Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu, however, Kılıçdaroğlu was re-elected with no other candidate challenging him.

In November 2015, Kılıçdaroğlu ruled out any prospect of holding an Extraordinary Convention prior to the scheduled Ordinary Convention despite calls from some CHP MPs, claiming that the preparations for the Ordinary Convention had already begun.

Istanbul (electoral districts)
Istanbul is a Turkish province divided into three electoral districts of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. It elects ninety-eight members of parliament (deputies) to represent the province of the same name for a five-year term by the D'Hondt method, a party-list proportional representation system.

The first district is situated on the Anatolian side of İstanbul on the east of the Bosphorus. The second and third electoral district are both on the European side, with the third situated to the west of the second. The first and third districts, electing 35 MPs, are the largest electoral districts of Turkey in terms of members elected.
2018–19 Marist Red Foxes men's basketball team
The 2018–19 Marist Red Foxes men's basketball team represented Marist College in the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team played its home games in Poughkeepsie, New York for the 42nd consecutive year at the McCann Arena, which has a capacity of 3,200. This season marked the program's 38th Division I season and its 22nd consecutive year as a member of the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference. The team was led by first-year head coach John Dunne, who took the open head coaching position after spending the last 12 seasons at conference rival Saint Peter's University. They finished the 2018–19 season 12–19 overall, 7–11 in MAAC play to finish in eighth place. As the No. 8 seed in the 2019 MAAC tournament, they were defeated by No. 9 seed Saint Peter's in the first round 68–71 in overtime.

2019 MAAC men's basketball tournament
The 2019 Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference for the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. It was held from March 7–11, 2019 at the Times Union Center in Albany, New York. This marked the 20th time the tournament was played at the Times Union Center. No. 1 seed Iona defeated No. 6 seed Monmouth in the championship game 81–60 to win the conference's automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA tournament. With the win, Iona became the first MAAC team to win four consecutive MAAC Tournament championships, while also making this their MAAC-record leading seventh consecutive championship game appearance. Monmouth was the second consecutive No. 6 seed to make the championship game in the tournament, and fourth overall.
Rocca di Cambio
Rocca di Cambio (locally Rocche 'i Cagne) is a comune and town in the province of L'Aquila in the Abruzzo region of Italy.

Located in the northern part of the Altopiano delle Rocche, the communal territory is included in the Sirente-Velino Regional Park. Sights include the Abbey of Santa Lucia and the nearby Campo Felice ski resort.

Numerous buildings were damaged in the course of the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake, whose epicenter was located nearby, on the boundary with Lucoli.

Lucoli
Lucoli is a comune (municipality) and town in the province of L'Aquila in the Abruzzo region of Italy. It is one of the nearest communes to the Campo Felice plain and ski resort.

The epicentre of 2009 L'Aquila earthquake was located near the communal north-eastern border.
Tanygrisiau
Tanygrisiau (pronunciationⓘ) is a village and area within Blaenau Ffestiniog in the upper end of the Vale of Ffestiniog in the county of Gwynedd, north-west Wales (52°59′12″N 3°57′25″W﻿ / ﻿52.98667°N 3.95694°W﻿ / 52.98667; -3.95694). It can be found along the southern side of the Moelwyn mountain range and dates to around 1750. It joins onto the semi-urban area of Blaenau Ffestiniog, and is in the community of Ffestiniog; located between 650 feet (200 m) and 750 feet (230 m) above sea level. it is in the electoral ward of Bowydd and Rhiw which had a 2011 census population of 1878. The village itself has a population of around 350.

Ffestiniog
Ffestiniog (/fɛsˈtɪnjɒɡ/; Welsh pronunciation: [fɛstˈɪnjɔg] ⓘ) is a community in Gwynedd, Wales, containing several villages, in particular the settlements of Llan Ffestiniog and Blaenau Ffestiniog.  It has a population of 4,875.