hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Garissa University College attack
On 2 April 2015, gunmen stormed the Garissa University College in Garissa, Kenya, killing 148 people, and injuring at least 79. The militant groups Al-Qaeda and Al-Shabaab, which the gunmen claimed to belong to, took responsibility for the attack. The gunmen took over 700 students hostage, freeing Muslims and killing those who identified as Christians. The siege ended the same day, when all four of the attackers were killed. Five men were later arrested in connection with the attack, and a bounty was placed for the arrest of a suspected organizer.

The attack was the deadliest in Kenya since the 1998 United States embassy bombings, and is the second deadliest overall, with more casualties than the 2002 Mombasa attacks, the 2013 Westgate shopping mall attack, the 2014 Nairobi bus bombings, the 2014 Gikomba bombings, the 2014 Mpeketoni attacks and the 2014 Lamu attacks. It is the deadliest mass shooting and school shooting in modern history.

1998 United States embassy bombings
The 1998 United States embassy bombings were a series of attacks that occurred on August 7, 1998. More than 220 people were killed in two nearly simultaneous truck bomb explosions in two East African capital cities, one at the United States embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and the other at the United States embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.

Fazul Abdullah Mohammed and Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah were deemed responsible with planning and orchestrating the bombings. In retaliation for the bombings, U.S. President Bill Clinton ordered Operation Infinite Reach on August 20, 1998.
María José Martínez Sánchez
María José Martínez Sánchez (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈɾi.a xoˈse maɾˈtineθ ˈsantʃeθ]; born 12 August 1982) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. In singles, she won five WTA Tour titles, her biggest being a Premier 5 title at the 2010 Italian Open where she defeated two former world No. 1 players, Ana Ivanovic and Jelena Janković, en route to the title. As a junior, she won the Orange Bowl (1999) and French Open (2000). She reached a career-high ranking in singles of world No. 19, on 10 May 2010.

In doubles, Martínez Sánchez won 21 WTA Tour titles, ten partnering with her compatriot Nuria Llagostera Vives. Among them are the 2009 WTA Tour Championships, 2009 Rogers Cup and the Dubai Tennis Championships in 2010 and 2011. Martínez Sánchez reached a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 4, on 5 July 2010.

Patricia Mayr-Achleitner
Patricia Mayr-Achleitner (née Mayr; born 8 November 1986) is a retired Austrian tennis player.

Mayr-Achleitner won 17 singles titles and seven doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit in her career. On 4 May 2009, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 70. On 29 September 2014, she peaked at No. 117 in the doubles rankings.

Playing for Austria in Fed Cup competitions, Mayr-Achleitner has a win–loss record of 14–15.

On 4 December 2010, she married her coach Michael Achleitner.

On 22 July 2015, after failing at the 2015 Gastein Ladies, Mayr-Achleitner announced that the 2015 Linz Open would be her last tournament, stating chronic back pain as the reason for her retirement from professional tennis.
Quercus × bebbiana
Quercus × bebbiana (or Quercus bebbiana), known as Bebb's oak, is a naturally occurring hybrid of white oak (Quercus alba) and burr oak (Quercus macrocarpa). It occurs where their ranges overlap in the eastern United States and eastern Canada. It was named for Michael Schuck Bebb (1833–1895), an Illinois botanist who specialized in willows (Salix). Its parents are both placed in Quercus sect. Quercus.

A tree reaching 15 m (49 ft), and available from specialty nurseries, its acorns are sweet enough to be palatable to humans.

Quercus macrocarpa
Quercus macrocarpa, the bur oak or burr oak, is a species of oak tree native to central and eastern North America. It is in the white oak section, Quercus sect. Quercus, and is also called mossycup oak, mossycup white oak, or scrub oak. The acorns are the largest of any North American oak (thus the species name macrocarpa, from Ancient Greek μακρός makrós "large" and καρπός karpós "fruit"), and are important food for wildlife.
2023 U-20 Copa Libertadores final
The 2023 U-20 Copa Libertadores final (Spanish: Final de la Copa Libertadores Sub-20 de 2023) was the final of the 7th. edition of the U-20 Copa Libertadores, an under age football competition organised by CONMEBOL. It was contested by Argentine side Boca Juniors and Ecuadorian team Independiente del Valle, and hosted by Estadio La Portada in the city of La Serena, Chile.

Boca Juniors defeated Indpendiente del Valle 2–0 to win their first U-20 Copa Libertadores. (and the second for an Argentine side). Forward Ignacio Rodríguez scored both goals for the Xeneizes.

La Serena, Chile
La Serena (Spanish pronunciation: [la seˈɾena]) is a city and commune in northern Chile, capital of the Coquimbo Region. Founded in 1544, it is the country's second oldest city after the national capital, Santiago. As of 2012, it had a communal population of roughly 200,000, and was one of the fastest-growing areas of Chile.

The city is an important tourist destination for Chileans and Argentines, especially during the summer, where people go to visit the beaches. It is the headquarters of the University of La Serena and also is home to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of La Serena, one of five Catholic Archdioceses of the Catholic Church in Chile.
Coding-independent code points
Coding-independent code points (CICP) is a way to signal the properties of a video or audio stream. It can describe the color profile of videos (and still images) in a simpler way than the use of ICC profiles. It is defined in both ITU-T H.273 and ISO/IEC 23091-2. It is used by multiple codecs including AVC, HEVC, VVC, and AVIF.

High Efficiency Video Coding
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), also known as H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2, is a proprietary video compression standard designed as part of the MPEG-H project as a successor to the widely used Advanced Video Coding (AVC, H.264, or MPEG-4 Part 10). The standard was published in 2013. In comparison to AVC, HEVC offers from 25% to 50% better data compression at the same level of video quality, or substantially improved video quality at the same bit rate. It supports resolutions up to 8192×4320, including 8K UHD, and unlike the primarily eight-bit AVC, HEVC's higher-fidelity Main 10 profile has been incorporated into nearly all supporting hardware. The High Efficiency Image Format (HEIF) is a container format whose default codec is HEVC.

While AVC uses the integer discrete cosine transform (DCT) with 4×4 and 8×8 block sizes, HEVC uses both integer DCT and discrete sine transform (DST) with varied block sizes between 4×4 and 32×32.
AN/SPQ-9
AN/SPQ-9A (sometimes pronounced as "spook nine") is a United States Navy multi-purpose surface search and fire control radar used with the Mk-86 gun fire-control system (MK86 GFCS). It is a two dimensional surface-search radar, meaning it provides only range and bearing but not elevation. It is intended primarily to detect and track targets at sea level, on the surface of the water for either gun fire engagement or navigation. It can however, also detect and track low altitude (below 2000 ft) air targets.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/SPQ-9" designation represents the 9th design of an Army-Navy electronic device for surface ship special radar system. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense electronic systems.

Joint Electronics Type Designation System
The Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), which was previously known as the Joint Army-Navy Nomenclature System (AN System. JAN) and the Joint Communications-Electronics Nomenclature System, is a method developed by the U.S. War Department during World War II for assigning an unclassified designator to electronic equipment. In 1957, the JETDS was formalized in MIL-STD-196.

Computer software and commercial unmodified electronics for which the manufacturer maintains design control are not covered.
Maldives at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
The Maldives was represented at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, England, United Kingdom by the Maldives Olympic Committee. It was the country's first appearance since it was re-admitted to the Commonwealth of Nations.

In total, 28 athletes including 13 men and 15 women represented the Maldives in five different sports including athletics, badminton, beach volleyball, swimming and table tennis.

Zayan Zaki and Fathimath Nimal were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony.

Maldives Olympic Committee
The Maldives Olympic Committee (IOC code: MDV) is the National Olympic Committee representing Maldives. It is also the body responsible for the Maldives' representation at the Commonwealth Games.

The Maldives was taking part in the 2012 Summer Olympics, and the Maldives Olympic Committee had chosen Bedford as the UK base for its competing athletes.

The Maldives was taking part in the 2020 Summer Olympics, and the Maldives Olympics Committee had chosen Odawara as the Japanese base for its competing athletes.
The Best of Bob Dylan's Theme Time Radio Hour
The Best of Bob Dylan's Theme Time Radio Hour is a series of four compilation albums featuring songs Bob Dylan played on his shows as a deejay on the XM Satellite Radio and Sirius XM Satellite Radio program, Theme Time Radio Hour, from May 2006 through April 2009. Each album in the series includes 52 songs on two CDs. The tracks cover the range of genres Dylan highlighted on the program, including blues, R&B, rockabilly, doo-wop, soul, jazz, rock-and-roll and country.

Bill Monroe
William Smith Monroe (/mənˈroʊ/ mən-ROH; September 13, 1911 – September 9, 1996) was an American mandolinist, singer, and songwriter who created the bluegrass music genre. For this reason, he is often called the "Father of Bluegrass".

The genre takes its name from his band, the Blue Grass Boys, who named their group for the bluegrass of Monroe's home state of Kentucky. He described the genre as "Scottish bagpipes and ole-time fiddlin'. It's Methodist and Holiness and Baptist. It's blues and jazz, and it has a high lonesome sound."
Suzann Pettersen
Suzann Pettersen (born 7 April 1981) is a Norwegian former professional golfer. She played mainly on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour, and was also a member of the Ladies European Tour. Her career-best world ranking was second and she held that position several times, most recently from August 2011 until February 2012. She retired on 15 September 2019 after holing the winning putt for the European team at the 2019 Solheim Cup, notwithstanding that she had been away from golf for almost 20 months on maternity leave prior to the event.

2002 Solheim Cup
The 7th Solheim Cup Match was held between September 20 and September 22, 2002, at Interlachen Country Club, Edina, Minnesota, USA. Team USA won the trophy for the fifth time by a score of 151⁄2 to 121⁄2 points. Rosie Jones gained the winning point in her victory over Karine Icher.

This was the last Solheim Cup to be held in an even-numbered year, as the next Solheim Cup would take place in 2003 and every odd-numbered year thereafter.
Van Hoosear Wildflower Preserve
The Van Hoosear Wildflower Preserve is a private nature reserve on Carriger Creek in southern Sonoma County, California, United States.  Van Hoosear was created to preserve an area known for displays of native wildflowers and to allow animal migration and ecological connection between Sonoma Mountain and the floor of the Sonoma Valley. This 163-acre (66 ha) preserve has been established with an endowment fund to allow perpetual management; access to the preserve is controlled by the Sonoma Ecology Center.

Sonoma Mountain
Sonoma Mountain (Coast Miwok: Oona-pa'is) is a prominent landform within the Sonoma Mountains of southern Sonoma County, California. At an elevation of 2,463 ft (751 m), Sonoma Mountain offers expansive views of the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Sonoma Valley to the east. In fact, the viticultural area extends in isolated patches up the eastern slopes of Sonoma Mountain to almost 1,700 feet (520 m) in elevation.

The eastern and northern slopes are protected from afternoon heat and hence are more densely forested in oak woodlands, abetted by the well-drained, nutrient-rich soils. The western and southern slopes, on the other hand, are drier and warmer, leading to fewer dense woodlands and more chaparral, grassland and oak savannah.
1997 Oceania Cup
The 1997 Oceania Cup was an international rugby league football tournament played in the Pacific region. The tournament was operated and contested by Super League-aligned countries during the Super League war as an alternative to the Pacific Cup.

Six teams contested the Cup. The 1997 tournament went ahead following the previous year's cancellation due to the unavailability of Australian teams when the tournament was replaced with a Pacific Challenge Series. Western Samoa withdrew from the tournament in disagreement with Super League-aligned authorities over promises that they believed were given to them.

The tournament was originally scheduled to have two pools, one based in New Zealand and one in Tonga, and the final was to be played as a curtain raiser to the Super League Tri-series final.

Super League Tri-series
The Super League Tri-series was an international rugby league football tournament contested in 1997 between Queensland, New South Wales, and New Zealand representative rugby league teams. It was run by the breakaway Super League organisation as an alternative to the Australian Rugby League's traditional State of Origin series, with each of the two series involving exclusively players contracted to clubs of their respective League. New South Wales were overall winners of the Tri-series, defeating Queensland in the final.

New Zealand restricted their selections to players based in Australia and New Zealand and did not recognize the matches as international games.
Castelnuovo Bormida
Castelnuovo Bormida is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 miles) southeast of Turin and about 20 km (12 mi) south of Alessandria.

Castelnuovo Bormida borders the following municipalities: Cassine, Rivalta Bormida, and Sezzadio.

Alessandria
Alessandria (Italian: [alesˈsandrja] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Lissandria [liˈsɑŋdrja]) is a city and commune in Piedmont, Italy, and the capital of the Province of Alessandria. With a population of 92,518, it is the 3rd-largest city in Piedmont and the 53rd-largest in Italy.

Known for the famous hat manufacturing company Borsalino and for its proximity to the historical site of the battle of Marengo, led by Napoleon, the town is an important agricultural, industrial and logistic hub within its region and Italy's North-West. With a surface extension that makes it Piedmont's largest municipality and a population of 92 839 inhabitants  (the third most popolous city in the region), Alessandria is located in the centre of the so-called "industrial triangle", whose vertices are Turin, Milan and Genoa. Alessandria is also home to one of the headquarters of the University of Eastern Piedmont, which is an academic institution that has a tripolar structure shared with Vercelli and Novara.
Rancho Cañada de los Vaqueros
Rancho Cañada de los Vaqueros  was a 17,760-acre (71.9 km2) Mexican land grant mostly in present-day eastern Contra Costa County, California, and partially into northeastern Alameda County, California.  Los Vaqueros Reservoir, located between Livermore and Brentwood in the Diablo Range, is on and named for the former rancho.  Vasco Road passes through the site.

It was given in 1844  by Governor Manuel Micheltorena to Antonio Higuera, Francisco Alviso and Manuel Miranda.  The name means "Canyon of the Cowboys" in Spanish.

Vasco Road
Vasco Road is a roadway over the Diablo Range that connects Livermore and Brentwood, California. Although it is not part of the California State Highway system, it is the principal north–south commuter route serving eastern Alameda and Contra Costa counties. The two counties are each responsible for maintaining the portion of the road within their boundaries.

The traffic count in 2008 was estimated at more than 25,000 vehicles per day. Weekend traffic is also heavy in spring and summer, when residents from other parts of California flock to the recreation areas along the Sacramento - San Joaquin River Delta.
Paddy Batt Shanahan
Patrick Shanahan (19 April 1923 – 2 February 2011) was an Irish Gaelic footballer. At club level, he played with Currow, Castleisland Desmonds and divisional side Killarney, and at inter-county level with the Kerry senior football team.

Munster Junior Football Championship
The Munster Junior Football Championship is a gaelic football tournament between the six counties of Munster: Cork, Kerry, Limerick, Tipperary, Clare and Waterford. It is the third-tier county teams playing off in a single-elimination tournament with 2 quarter finals instead of 4 (as of 2014). The cup was first given to the winners in 1957. Kerry have won the most titles, 42 in all.
The winner will play against the champions of the other provinces in the All-Ireland Junior Football Championship.
Khirbet Ghuwein al-Fauqa
Khirbet Ghuwein al-Fauqa (Arabic: خربة غويين الفوقا, "Upper Ghuwein") is a Palestinian hamlet in the South Hebron Hills, within the Hebron Governorate of the southern West Bank. It lies south of Dura and northwest of as-Samu, and administratively belongs to the as-Samuʿ municipality.

Hebron Governorate
The Hebron Governorate (Arabic: محافظة الخليل, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat al-Khalīl) is an administrative district of Palestine in the southern West Bank.

The governorate's land area is 1,060 square kilometres (410 sq mi) and its population according to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics in mid-year 2019 was 1,004,510. This makes the Hebron Governorate the largest of 16 governorates in both population and land area in the Palestinian territories. The city of Hebron is the district capital or muhfaza (seat) of the governorate. The current Governor of Hebron is Khaled Dudin.

During the first six months of the First Intifada 42 people in Hebron Governorate were killed by the Israeli army.
Anna (1739 ship)
Anna was a merchant vessel originally employed as a collier taking coal from Yorkshire to London. The Admiralty chartered her in 1739 and subsequently purchased her to carry additional stores for the squadron of Commodore George Anson on his voyage around the world in 1740–44. She was often referred to as 'Anna Pink', as a 'Pink' is a type of ship with a narrow stern. She lost company with the squadron on 24 April 1741, but rejoined it at the Juan Fernández Islands on 16 August 1741 (Julian calendar) after sheltering for two months in a natural harbour on the South Chilean coast. A subsequent survey found her timbers were too badly damaged for a re-fit, therefore her stores and crew were distributed about the squadron and she was scuttled on 18 August 1741 in Cumberland Bay, Juan Fernández.

HMS Resolution (1771)
HMS Resolution was a sloop of the Royal Navy, a converted merchant collier purchased by the Navy and adapted, in which Captain James Cook made his second and third voyages of exploration in the Pacific. She impressed him enough that he called her "the ship of my choice", and "the fittest for service of any I have seen".
Tana Church
Tana Church (Norwegian: Tana kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Deatnu-Tana Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Rustefjelbma.  It is the main church for the Tana parish which is part of the Indre Finnmark prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The unique, brown, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1964 using designs drawn up by the architect Esben Poulsson (1907-1974) to replace the old church that was burned down by the retreating German forces towards the end of World War II. The church seats about 300 people.

Tana Municipality
Deatnu (Northern Sami) or Tana (Norwegian) is a municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Tana bru. Among the other villages in the municipality are Austertana, Bonakas, Polmak, Rustefjelbma, and Skiippagurra.

The 4,051-square-kilometre (1,564 sq mi) municipality is the 5th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Deanu-Tana is the 239th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,807. The municipality's population density is 0.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.8/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 2.6% over the previous 10-year period.
Ben Saunders (fighter)
Benjamin Saunders (born April 13, 1983), is an American mixed martial artist who currently fights in the Welterweight division. He was a featured fighter on The Ultimate Fighter: Team Hughes vs. Team Serra, fighting on Team Serra. A professional competitor since 2004, Saunders has formerly competed in the UFC and Bellator.

2012 in Bellator MMA
2012 in Bellator MMA was the sixth installment of the Bellator Fighting Championships, which began on March 9, 2012. The sixth season of Bellator was originally scheduled to begin on March 2, 2012.  However, the debut was pushed back a week so it began with the show on March 9, 2012.

Mixed martial arts tournaments were held in five weight classes, including the bantamweight, featherweight, lightweight, welterweight and middleweight divisions.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1998
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1998, adopted unanimously on July 12, 2011, after reaffirming resolutions 1261 (1999), 1314 (2000), 1379 (2001), 1460 (2003), 1539 (2004), 1612 (2005) and 1882 (2009) on the protection of children in armed conflict, the Council declared schools and hospitals off limits for both armed groups and military activities, asking the Secretary-General for such crimes to be placed on a list of those committing "grave violations" against children.

The resolution, sponsored by Germany,  was the eighth resolution concerning children and armed conflict passed since 1998.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1539
United Nations Security Council resolution 1539, adopted unanimously on 22 April 2004, after recalling resolutions 1261 (1999), 1308 (2000), 1314 (2000), 1325 (2000), 1379 (2001) and 1460 (2003), the council condemned the use of child soldiers and asked the Secretary-General to devise a monitoring mechanism.

The resolution marked the first time the council had broadened the protection framework by identifying other categories of violations against children.
Long-bolt engine
A long-bolt or through-bolt engine is an internal combustion piston engine where, following usual practice, the cylinder head is held down by bolts or studs. Conventionally the cylinder head is bolted to the cylinder block and the crankshaft main bearings are in turn bolted to the crankcase by separate bolts. In the long-bolt engine however, a single set of long bolts is used, spanning from the cylinder head right through to the crankshaft bearing caps.

Engine block
In an internal combustion engine, the engine block is the structure that contains the cylinders and other components. The engine block in an early automotive engine consisted of just the cylinder block, to which a separate crankcase was attached. Modern engine blocks typically have the crankcase integrated with the cylinder block as a single component. Engine blocks often also include elements such as coolant passages and oil galleries.

The term "cylinder block" is often used interchangeably with "engine block". However, technically, the block of a modern engine (i.e., multiple cylinders integrated with another component) would be classified as a monobloc.