hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1840 Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district special election
On October 13, 1840, the same day as the general elections for the 27th Congress, a special election was held in Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Richard Biddle (AM).

1840–41 United States House of Representatives elections
The 1840–41 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between  July 6, 1840, and November 2, 1841. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives, before or after the first session of the 27th United States Congress convened on May 31, 1841. Elections were held for all 242 seats, representing 26 states.

In a Whig wave, voters gave the Whig Party a House majority for the first time.  Most Americans experienced the Panic of 1837 as a severe economic downturn.  Its perceived mishandling by Democratic President Martin Van Buren fueled new support for alternative economic policies favored by Whigs of which voters had previously been skeptical. Collapse of the Anti-Masonic Party in the late 1830s also drove some third-party incumbents into the Whig Party. Newly elected members included Robert M. T. Hunter, Independent of Virginia, and Zadok Casey, Independent Democrat of Illinois.
LG.Philips Displays
LG.Philips Displays was a joint venture created in 2001 by LG Electronics of South Korea and Philips Electronics of the Netherlands in response to the maturing cathode-ray tube (CRT) market. It primarily manufactured CRTs used in traditional television sets. It was the world's largest manufacturer of CRTs.

These two companies also operated another joint venture, LG.Philips LCD, which focused on LCD panels used in flat panel television sets and laptop computers.

As of 2006, the company had run into bankruptcy and restarted under the same name with investments of a third party (JP Morgan). LG.Philips LCD was not affected by this bankruptcy.

LG.Philips Displays shares were sold in the beginning of March 2007. The company name was changed to LP Displays on 1 April 2007. LP is a historic reference to the old parent companies LG and Philips. The company ended operations in December 2008 due to voluntary liquidation.

LG Electronics
LG Electronics Inc. (Korean: 엘지 전자; RR: Elji Jeonja) is a South Korean multinational major appliance and consumer electronics corporation headquartered in Yeouido-dong, Seoul, South Korea. LG Electronics is a part of LG Corporation, the fourth largest chaebol in South Korea, and often considered as the pinnacle of LG Corp with the group's chemical and battery division LG Chem. It comprises four business units: home entertainment, mobility, home appliances & air solutions, and business solutions. LG Electronics acquired Zenith in 1995 and is the largest shareholder of LG Display, the world's largest display company by revenue in 2020. LG Electronics is also the world's second largest television manufacturer behind Samsung Electronics. The company has 128 operations worldwide, employing 83,000 people.
Wernher Open Pairs
The Wernher Open Pairs national bridge championship is held at the summer American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC).

Typically starting on the Tuesday of the NABC, the Wernher Open Pairs is a four session matchpoint pairs event, with two qualifying sessions and two final sessions.
The event is open to any player, but due to its current conflicting schedule with the more prestigious Spingold Knockout Teams, it is generally considered to be the weakest open national event on the calendar.

Spingold
The Spingold national bridge championship is held at the summer American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC).

The Spingold is a knock-out team event that attracts the top contract bridge players in the world. The event typically lasts seven days with each day being a round consisting of four sessions of 16 boards. The event is open and seeded.
Flow-equivalent server method
In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, the flow-equivalent server method (also known as flow-equivalent aggregation technique, Norton's theorem for queueing networks or the Chandy–Herzog–Woo method) is a divide-and-conquer method to solve product form queueing networks inspired by Norton's theorem for electrical circuits. The network is successively split into two, one portion is reconfigured to a closed network and evaluated.

Marie's algorithm is a similar method where analysis of the sub-network are performed with state-dependent Poisson process arrivals.

Queueing theory
Queueing theory is the mathematical study of waiting lines, or queues. A queueing model is constructed so that queue lengths and waiting time can be predicted. Queueing theory is generally considered a branch of operations research because the results are often used when making business decisions about the resources needed to provide a service.

Queueing theory has its origins in research by Agner Krarup Erlang, who created models to describe the system of incoming calls at the Copenhagen Telephone Exchange Company. These ideas were seminal to the field of teletraffic engineering and have since seen applications in telecommunications, traffic engineering, computing, project management, and particularly industrial engineering, where they are applied in the design of factories, shops, offices, and hospitals.
2003 Česká pojišťovna Cup
The 2003 Česká Pojišťovna Cup was played between 4 and 7 September 2003. The Czech Republic, Finland, Sweden and Russia played a round-robin for a total of three games per team and six games in total. Five of the matches were played in Tipsport Arena in Liberec, Czech Republic, and one match in Hartwall Areena in Helsinki, Finland. The tournament was won by Finland. The tournament was part of 2003–04 Euro Hockey Tour.

Czech Hockey Games
The Czech Hockey Games, also sponsored as Betano Hockey Games, is an annual ice hockey event held in Czech Republic. It is part of the Euro Hockey Tour. It was previously sponsored as the Pragobanka Cup, Česká Pojišťovna Cup, KAJOTbet Hockey Games, and Carlson Hockey Games.
C.D. Honduras Progreso
Club Deportivo Honduras Progreso (commonly referred to as Honduras Progreso or simply Honduras), is a Honduran football club based in El Progreso, Honduras. It was founded in 1965 and currently plays in the Honduran Liga Nacional.

Honduran Liga Nacional de Ascenso
Liga de Ascenso (Promotion League) is the second division of Honduran football; it was founded on 17 December 1979 as Segunda División (Second Division) and renamed Liga de Ascenso (Promotion League) on 21 July 2002. The league is divided into 4 groups: Zona Norte y Atlántica (North and Atlantic Zone), Zona Norte y Occidente (North and West Zone), Zona Centro y Sur (Central and South Zone), Zona Sur y Oriente (South and East Zone). The top 2 teams of each group qualifies for the liguilla (play-offs). Each season is divided into two tournaments, Apertura (opening) and Clausura (closing). The champions of the opening and closing tournament compete for the promotion to  Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Honduras in a two-legged match.

Two teams are relegated to Liga Mayor de Futbol de Honduras. The last team of each group face off in a playoff (North vs North and South vs South).
Symbolic language (programming)
In computer science, a symbolic language, or assembly language, is a language that uses characters or symbols to represent concepts, such as mathematical operations and the entities (or operands) on which these operations are performed.

Modern programming languages use symbols to represent concepts and/or data and are, therefore, examples of symbolic languages.

Some programming languages (such as Lisp and Mathematica) make it easy to represent higher-level abstractions as expressions in the language, enabling symbolic programming.

A recursive symbolic structure is adopted to preserve ψ-alignment and entropy invariance during ordering transformations, rooted in a generalized recursively structured symbolic system.

Operand
In mathematics, an operand is the object of a mathematical operation, i.e., it is the object or quantity that is operated on.

Unknown operands in equalities of expressions can be found by equation solving.
Girdi Qala and Logardan
Girdi Qala and Logardan (a few hundred meters to the north) are adjacent ancient Near East archaeological sites in Sulaymānīyah Governorate in northeast Iraq in the Kurdistan region, parts of a complex that was occupied off and on for at least six millennia. The site lies on the west bank of the Tavuq Cay river, a tributary of the Tigris river. The nearest notable archaeological sites are Jarmo to the north and Tell Kunara to the east. It is thought that Logardan was a political and religious center while Girdi Qala contained residential (North Mound) and craft/industrial (Main Mound) areas. Girdi Qala was occupied from the Late Chacolitic I period until the Islamic period and Logardan from the Halaf period until the Islamic age. The primary occupation was during the Uruk period. The site is important for establishing the form and timing of the Uruk Expansion in a new region. Other Uruk sites in the area include Kani Shaie and Gurga Chiya.

Jarmo
Jarmo (Kurdish: چەرمۆ, romanized: Çermo or Qelay Çermo, also Qal'at Jarmo) is a prehistoric archeological site located in modern Iraqi Kurdistan on the foothills of the Zagros Mountains. It lies at an altitude of 800 m above sea-level in a belt of oak and pistachio woodlands in the Adhaim River watershed. Excavations revealed that Jarmo was an agricultural community dating back to around 7090 BC. It was broadly contemporary with other important Neolithic sites such as Jericho in the Southern Levant and Çatalhöyük in Anatolia.
Lone (caste)
Lone (Kashmiri: Devanagari: लोन्; Perso-Arabic: لون, 'lōn'; /loːn/), historically known as Lavanya (from Sanskrit लावण्य/lāvaṇya) is a Kashmiri surname found in the Indian administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the Pakistani administered province of Azad Kashmir.

Kashmiris
Kashmiri people (Kashmiri pronunciation: [kəːʃirʲ]) are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group speaking the Kashmiri language and originating from the Kashmir Valley region, which is located in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir.
ISO 14971
ISO 14971 Medical devices — Application of risk management to medical devices is a voluntary consensus standard, published by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) for the first time in 1998, and specifies terminology, principles, and a process for risk management of medical devices.

The current ISO 14971 edition was published in December 2019.

Medical Devices Directive
The Medical Device Directive—Council Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices—is intended to harmonise the laws relating to medical devices within the European Union. The MD Directive is a 'New Approach' Directive and consequently in order for a manufacturer to legally place a medical device on the European market the requirements of the MD Directive have to be met. Manufacturers' products meeting 'harmonised standards' have a presumption of conformity to the Directive. Products conforming with the MD Directive must have a CE mark applied. The Directive was most recently reviewed and amended by the 2007/47/EC and a number of changes were made. Compliance with the revised directive became mandatory on 21 March 2010.

The Medical Devices Directive is being repealed and replaced by the 2017 EU Medical Device Regulation (EU 2017/745), effective on 26 May 2021.
Lowellville Local School District
The Lowellville Local School District is a school district located in southwestern Mahoning County, Ohio. It serves students K-12 living in Lowellville, Ohio and parts of Coitsville and Poland townships. The district consists of one high school, and one elementary school. All buildings and offices are located in Lowellville, Ohio.

Lowellville, Ohio
Lowellville is a village in eastern Mahoning County, Ohio, United States, along the Mahoning River. The population was 996 at the 2020 census. Located about 8 miles (13 km) southeast of Youngstown, it is part of the Youngstown–Warren metropolitan area.
La Voix season 2
La Voix is the French Canadian version of The Voice. Season 2 of La Voix was broadcast from 19 January 2014 to 13 April 2014 on TVA and was hosted for a second consecutive season by Charles Lafortune. Only Marc Dupré of season 1 judges returned, whereas first season winning judge Ariane Moffatt, and other judges Jean-Pierre Ferland and Marie-Mai were replaced by Louis-Jean Cormier, Éric Lapointe and Isabelle Boulay.

During season 2, mentors also assisted various teams. They were Dan Bigras for Team Éric Lapointe, Luc De Larochellière for Team Isabelle Boulay, Martin Léon for Team Louis-Jean Cormier and France D'Amour for Team Marc Dupré.

The winner was the finalist of Team Isabelle Boulay, the 18-year-old Yoan Garneau, who originates from Ferme-Neuve, Quebec.

La Voix
La Voix (French pronunciation: [la vwa]) is a francophone Canadian reality talent show as part of the international television series franchise The Voice, based on the original Dutch version of the program created by John de Mol Jr. The series is part of The Voice franchise and is based on a similar competition format in The Netherlands entitled The Voice of Holland. The series is structured into three phases: blind auditions, battles, and live performance shows. In 2016, La Voix also launched a separate series for younger contestants called La Voix Junior.
Gmina Skoroszyce
Gmina Skoroszyce is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Nysa County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Skoroszyce, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Nysa and 40 km (25 mi) west of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 103.61 square kilometres (40.0 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 6,219.

Nysa County
Nysa County (Polish: powiat nyski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland, on the Czech border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Nysa, which lies 48 kilometres (30 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole. The county contains four other towns: Głuchołazy, 18 km (11 mi) south of Nysa, Paczków, 24 km (15 mi) west of Nysa, Otmuchów, 12 km (7 mi) west of Nysa, and Korfantów, 20 km (12 mi) east of Nysa.

The county covers an area of 1,223.87 square kilometres (472.5 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 136,393. The most populated towns are Nysa with 43,849 inhabitants, Głuchołazy with 13,534 inhabitants, and Paczków with 7,460 inhabitants.
Blackfriars, Hereford
Blackfriars Priory was a medieval Dominican priory established in the thirteenth century. The remains of the priory, located in Hereford, England, consist of monastery ruins, a cemetery, and a stone preaching cross. The ruins are surrounded by a rose garden established by the local community in 1964.

Hereford
Hereford (/ˈhɛrɪfərd/ ⓘ HERR-if-ərd) is a cathedral city and the county town of the ceremonial county of Herefordshire, England. It is on the banks of the River Wye and lies 16 miles (26 km) east of the border with Wales, 23 miles (37 km) north-west of Gloucester and 24 miles (39 km) south-west of Worcester. With a population of 61,900 in 2024, it is the largest settlement in Herefordshire.

An early town charter from 1189, granted by Richard I of England, describes it as "Hereford in Wales". Hereford has been recognised as a city since time immemorial, with the status being reconfirmed in October 2000. Hereford has been a civil parish since 2000.

Products from Hereford include cider, beer, leather goods, nickel alloys, poultry, chemicals and sausage rolls, as well as the Hereford breed of cattle.
USS Andres
USS Andres (DE-45) was an Evarts-class destroyer escort constructed for the United States Navy during World War II. Sent off to the dangerous waters of the North Atlantic Ocean during the Battle of the Atlantic to protect convoys and other ships from Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine U-boats and fighter aircraft, Andres performed escort and anti-submarine operations.

Andres was originally built as HMS Capel (BDE-45) for the United Kingdom, allocated to the Royal Navy under Lend-Lease. Laid down on 12 February 1942 by the Philadelphia Navy Yard; launched on 24 July 1942; sponsored by Miss Mary Elizabeth Schumacher, the daughter of Captain Theodore L. Schumacher, USN, who was assigned to the Philadelphia Navy Yard; reclassified to DE-45 on 25 January 1943 when the ship was reallocated to the United States Navy; renamed Andres on 4 March 1943; and commissioned at her builders' yard on 15 March 1943.

Charleston Naval Shipyard
Charleston Naval Shipyard (formerly known as the Charleston Navy Yard) was a U.S. Navy ship building and repair facility located along the west bank of the Cooper River, in North Charleston, South Carolina and part of Naval Base Charleston.
Blackwater River (West Virginia)
The Blackwater River is a 34.3-mile-long (55.2 km) river in the Allegheny Mountains of eastern West Virginia, USA. Via the Black Fork, it is a principal tributary of the Cheat River. Via the Cheat, the Monongahela and the Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River and drains an area of 142 square miles (370 km2). It is a true blackwater stream, owing to spruce and hemlock trees in its watershed, the tannins of which impart a tea or amber color to its water.

Monongahela River
The Monongahela River (/məˌnɒŋɡəˈhiːlə/ mə-NONG-gə-HEE-lə, /-ˈheɪ-/ -⁠HAY-), sometimes referred to locally as the Mon (/mɒn/), is a 130-mile-long (210 km) river on the Allegheny Plateau in north-central West Virginia and Southwestern Pennsylvania. The river flows from the confluence of its west and east forks in north-central West Virginia northeasterly into southwestern Pennsylvania, then northerly to Pittsburgh and its confluence with the Allegheny River to form the Ohio River. The river includes a series of locks and dams that makes it navigable.
15th Battalion (48th Highlanders of Canada), CEF
The 15th Battalion (48th Highlanders of Canada), CEF was an infantry battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force during World War I. The 15th Battalion was authorized on 1 September 1914, embarked for Britain on 26 September 1914, and arrived in France on 15 February 1915. The battalion fought as part of the 3rd Canadian Brigade, 1st Canadian Division in France and Flanders throughout the war. The battalion was disbanded on 30 August 1920.

Second Battle of Ypres
The Second Battle of Ypres was fought from 22 April – 25 May 1915, during the First World War, for control of the tactically valuable high ground to the east and the south of the Flemish town of Ypres, in western Belgium. The First Battle of Ypres had been fought the previous autumn. The Second Battle of Ypres was the occasion of the first mass use by Germany of poison gas on the Western Front.
Soviet Union men's national artistic gymnastics team
The Soviet Union men's national artistic gymnastics team represented the Soviet Union in FIG international competitions. They, alongside Japan, were the dominant force in the sport from the 1950s until the Soviet Union's collapse. Nikolai Andrianov, who represented the Soviet Union at three Olympic Games, is the most decorated Olympic male gymnast, having won 15 medals.

Yuri Korolyov
Yuri Nikolayevich Korolyov (Russian: Юрий Николаевич Королёв; 25 August 1962 – 29 April 2023) was a Soviet artistic gymnast who competed during the 1980s, winning many World and European Medals. Part of a deep Soviet team that, throughout the 1980s, featured such names as Dmitry Bilozerchev, Valeri Liukin, Vladimir Artemov, Valentin Mogilny, and others, Korolyov still managed to distinguish himself for the greater part of the decade by becoming World All-Around Champion in 1981 and 1985, as well as being World Cup All-Around Co-Champion (with Li Ning) in 1986, among many other titles and medals.
Triiron dodecacarbonyl
Triiron dodecacarbonyl is the organoiron compound with the formula Fe3(CO)12. It is a dark green solid that sublimes under vacuum.  It is soluble in nonpolar organic solvents to give intensely green solutions. Most low-nuclearity clusters are pale yellow or orange. Hot solutions of Fe3(CO)12 decompose to an iron mirror, which can be pyrophoric in air. The solid decomposes slowly in air, and thus samples are typically stored cold under an inert atmosphere. It is a more reactive source of iron(0) than iron pentacarbonyl.

Hydride
In chemistry, a hydride is formally the anion of hydrogen (H−), a hydrogen ion with two electrons. In modern usage, this is typically only used for ionic bonds, but it is sometimes (and has been more frequently in the past) applied to all compounds containing covalently bound H atoms. In this broad and potentially archaic sense, water (H2O) is a hydride of oxygen, ammonia is a hydride of nitrogen, etc. In covalent compounds, it implies hydrogen is attached to a less electronegative element. In such cases, the H centre has nucleophilic character, which contrasts with the protic character of acids. The hydride anion is very rarely observed.

Almost all of the elements up to Cf form binary compounds with hydrogen, the exceptions being He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Pm, Rn, Fr, and Ra. Exotic molecules such as positronium hydride have also been made.
Wim Zaal
Willem Philippe Maria "Wim" Zaal (14 August 1935 –  11 October 2021) was a Dutch journalist, essayist, translator and literary critic. He was literary editor of Elsevier for years.

He has edited anthologies from the works of many authors, including Joost van den Vondel. He translated works by the Belgian writer Neel Doff from French into Dutch and also translated the memoirs of King Louis Bonaparte in 1983.

Zaal also wrote a few books about Italy, a country that has always fascinated him.

In 2001, Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands awarded him the Honorary Cross of the Order of the House of Orange. Zaal died on 11 October 2021, at the age of 86.

Neel Doff
Cornelia Hubertina "Neel" Doff (27 January 1858 – 14 July 1942) was a writer of Dutch descent living and working in Belgium and mainly writing in French. She is one of the most important contributors to proletarian literature.
Jadranska Lešnica
Jadranska Lešnica (Serbian: Јадранска Лешница) or Jadarska Lešnica (Јадарска Лешница) is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 2088 people.

It was also formerly known as Begova Lešnica.

Loznica
Loznica (Serbian Cyrillic: Лозница, pronounced [lǒznitsa]) is a city located in the Mačva District of western Serbia, on the right bank of the Drina river. In 2022 the city had a total population of 19,515, while the administrative area had a population of 72,062.

Its name stems from the word "loza" (the Serbian word for vine). Originally, its name was Lozica (Serbian for small vine), but it later became Loznica.