hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New North Reformed Low Dutch Church
The New North Reformed Low Dutch Church, also known as the Saddle River Reformed Church and the Old Stone Church, is a historic Dutch Reformed church located on East Saddle River Road at Old Stone Church Road in the borough of Upper Saddle River in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The current church was built in 1819 and was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) program in 1936. The church building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 15, 1982, for its significance in architecture, exploration/settlement, religion, and social history.

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
Upper Saddle River is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 8,353, an increase of 145 (+1.8%) from the 2010 census count of 8,208, which in turn reflected an increase of 467 (+6.0%) from the 7,741 counted in the 2000 census.

Upper Saddle River had a per capita income of $73,639 and was ranked 20th in New Jersey based on data from the 2006–2010 American Community Survey (ACS) from the United States Census Bureau, more than double the statewide average of $34,858. In the 2013–2017 ACS, Upper Saddle River had a median household income of $176,674 (ranked 8th in the state) and included 42.9% of households earning more than $200,000 annually.
Lancaster House
Lancaster House (originally known as York House and then Stafford House) is a mansion on The Mall in the St James's district in the City of Westminster. Adjacent to Green Park, it is next to Clarence House and St James's Palace, as much of the site was once part of the palace grounds.

Initially planned for Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, it was ultimately completed by the Duke of Sutherland, then Marquess of Stafford, as an aristocratic townhouse in the early 19th century, and known for its lavish interiors. Gifted to the government in the early 20th century, it houses the government's wine cellars and was home to the London Museum until the Second World War.  Now used for diplomatic receptions and related functions by the Foreign Office, it is a historic Grade I listed building, and its interiors are sometimes used in films or television as a stand-in for Buckingham Palace.

The Mall, London
51°30′15″N 0°8′7″W﻿ / ﻿51.50417°N 0.13528°W﻿ / 51.50417; -0.13528

The Mall (/ˈmæl/) is a ceremonial route and roadway in the City of Westminster, central London, that travels 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) between Buckingham Palace at its western end and Trafalgar Square via Admiralty Arch to the east. Along the north side of The Mall is green space and St. James's Palace with other official buildings, and to the south is St James's Park.  Near the east end at Trafalgar Square and Whitehall it is met by Horse Guards Road and Spring Gardens, near the west end at the Victoria Memorial it is met by the Constitution Hill roadway and the Spur Road to the street of Buckingham Gate. It is closed to traffic on Saturdays, Sundays, public holidays and on ceremonial occasions.
Oddesund Bridge
Oddesund Bridge (Danish: Oddesundbroen) is a road and railway bascule bridge that crosses the Oddesund strait between the peninsulas of Jutland and Thyholm in Denmark. It connects mainland Jutland with the historical region of Thy. It is on the Thy railway line between Struer and Thisted.

Bascule bridge
A bascule bridge (also referred to as a drawbridge or a lifting bridge) is a moveable bridge with a counterweight that continuously balances a span, or leaf, throughout its upward swing to provide clearance for boat traffic. It may be single- or double-leafed.

The name comes from the French term for balance scale, which employs the same principle. Bascule bridges are the most common type of movable span because they open quickly and require relatively little energy to operate, while providing the possibility for unlimited vertical clearance for marine traffic.
Hala Gorani
Hala Basha-Gorani (/ˈhɑːlə ɡəˈrɑːni/; born March 1, 1970) is an American journalist, working as a correspondent for NBC News.  Previously she was an anchor and correspondent for CNN International, based in London. She is also a war correspondent. She previously anchored CNN's Hala Gorani Tonight weeknights at 8 p.m. CET. Gorani co-hosted Your World Today with Jim Clancy until February 2009 and then International Desk until April 2014 from CNN's Atlanta headquarters.

Since February 2022, Gorani has been a special war anchor based in Lviv, in western Ukraine, during the Russian invasion. Although broadcast in the late evening to her American audience, the time difference means that she is coming live in the early morning from Ukraine.

On 28 April 2022, Gorani announced she would be leaving CNN, and would present her final episode of Hala Gorani Tonight that evening.

Jim Clancy (journalist)
Jim Clancy is an American broadcast journalist, best known as a former correspondent and anchor on CNN International. He formerly anchored several CNN news reports, including The World Today and The Brief, before his resignation following a series of controversial exchanges with other users on Twitter.
Slavko Šlander
Slavko Šlander, nom de guerre Aleš (20 June 1909 – 24 August 1941), was a Slovene communist, Partisan, and people's hero.

He was born in Dolenja Vas near Prebold, Duchy of Styria, Austria-Hungary (now part of Slovenia). After he was shot in Maribor as a hostage during World War II, he was proclaimed a People's Hero of Yugoslavia on 25 October 1943. The 6th Slovene National Liberation Struggle Shock Brigade, established in 1943, and a neighborhood in Celje were named after him.

Slovenes
The Slovenes, also known as Slovenians (Slovene: Slovenci [slɔˈʋéːntsi]), are a South Slavic ethnic group native to Slovenia and adjacent regions in Italy, Austria and Hungary. Slovenes share a common ancestry, culture, and history, and speak Slovene as their native language.

Outside of Slovenia and Europe, Slovenes form diaspora groups in the United States, Canada, Argentina and Australia.
2014 United SportsCar Championship
The 2014 United SportsCar Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2014 Tudor United SportsCar Championship) was the inaugural season of the International Motor Sports Association's new series created out of a merger of the Rolex Sports Car Series and the American Le Mans Series and the first to be held under the name as the United SportsCar Championship. It began with the 24 Hours of Daytona, the first time since the 1997 IMSA GT Championship season that IMSA sanctioned an event at Daytona International Speedway on 25 January and ended on 4 October at Petit Le Mans.  It was the 44th overall season of IMSA GT championship racing tracing its lineage to the 1971 IMSA GT Championship.

Le Mans Prototype Challenge
The Le Mans Prototype Challenge (shortened to LMP Challenge or LMPC) was a spec sports prototype formula created by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO), organisers of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, and sports car constructor Oreca. The formula is intended as part of a ladder system for young and upcoming drivers into the world of endurance racing while also serving as a value engineered entry for drivers and teams into Le Mans Prototypes due to limitations on manufacturers and suppliers.

Initially launched as an independent racing series known as the Formula Le Mans Cup in 2009, the formula has since been expanded to allow participation in three separate series for 2010. The American Le Mans Series used the title Le Mans Prototype Challenge since its inception. The Le Mans Series used the name Formula Le Mans until 2011. All ACO series adopted the name Le Mans Prototype Challenge in 2012.
VI Army Corps (Wehrmacht)
The VI Corps (German: VI. Armeekorps (VI.AK)) was an infantry corps of the German Army. It fought in several notable actions during World War II.

The corps was originally formed around the 6th Division of the Reichswehr in October 1934 in Münster.

Helmuth Weidling
Helmuth Otto Ludwig Weidling (2 November 1891 – 17 November 1955) was a German general during the Second World War. He was the last commander of the Berlin Defence Area during the Battle of Berlin, led the defence of the city against Soviet forces and finally surrendered just before the end of World War II in Europe.
Zbęk
Zbęk [zbɛŋk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skomlin, within Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) east of Skomlin, 13 km (8 mi) south-west of Wieluń, and 100 km (62 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Skomlin
Skomlin [ˈskɔmlin] is a village in Wieluń County, Łódź Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Skomlin. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Wieluń and 102 km (63 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.
1994 Commonwealth final
The 1994 Commonwealth final was the 11th running of the Commonwealth Final as part of the qualification for the 1994 Speedway World Championship. The 1994 Final was run on 22 May at the Norfolk Arena in King's Lynn, England, and was part of the World Championship qualifying for riders from the Commonwealth nations.

Riders qualified for the Final from the Australian, British and New Zealand Championships.

1994 was the last time the Commonwealth Final was run following the introduction of the Speedway Grand Prix in 1995.

1994 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1994 Individual Speedway World Championship was the 49th edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.

It was the last championship to be staged in the traditional single meeting World Final format before the advent of the Speedway Grand Prix series in 1995. The Final was held on 20 August at the Speedway Center in Vojens, Denmark.

Sweden's Tony Rickardsson won the first of what would prove to be a record equalling 6 World Championships, defeating Danish former triple champion Hans Nielsen and Australia's Craig Boyce in a runoff after all three riders finished on 12 points.
Elmar Muuk
Elmar Muuk (26 December 1901 – 20 November 1941) was an Estonian linguist, lexicographer, and author of a number of dictionaries and textbooks of the Estonian language, and was, together with Johannes Voldemar Veski and Johannes Aavik, responsible for development of Estonian as a modern European language.

Muuk was born in Eivere village, in the Kreis Jerwen of the Governorate of Estonia. He took part of the Estonian War of Independence. Muuk was arrested by NKVD on 14 June 1941 in Tallinn and died in imprisonment in Sevurallag, Sverdlovsk oblast.

Johannes Voldemar Veski
Johannes Voldemar Veski (27 June 1873 Vaidavere, Tartu County – 28 March 1968 Tartu) was an Estonian linguist.

From 1896 until 1899, he studied at the University of Tartu; he initially studied religion and thereafter nature sciences. From 1920 until 1938, he taught at the University of Tartu. Veski was the editor of the journal Eesti Keel from 1936 to 1940.

In 1946 he became a member of Estonian Academy of Sciences. From 1946 to 1968, he was the chair of the Mother Tongue Society.

His activity was primarily related to developing Estonian language terminology and Estonian language planning. In total, he was an editor or compiler of 30 specialised dictionaries (all of them consist of about 150,000 terms).
Open peer review
Open peer review is the various possible modifications of the traditional scholarly peer review process. The three most common modifications to which the term is applied are:

Open identities: Authors and reviewers are aware of each other's identity.

Open reports: Review reports are published alongside the relevant article (rather than being kept confidential).

Open participation: The wider community (and not just invited reviewers) are able to contribute to the review process.

These modifications are supposed to address various perceived shortcomings of the traditional scholarly peer review process, in particular its lack of transparency, lack of incentives, wastefulness, bullying and harassment.

PLOS
PLOS (for Public Library of Science; PLoS until 2012) is a nonprofit publisher of open-access journals in science, technology, and medicine and other scientific literature, under an open-content license. It was founded in 2000 and launched its first journal, PLOS Biology, in October 2003.

As of 2024, PLOS publishes 14 academic journals, including 7 journals indexed within the Science Citation Index Expanded, and consequently 7 journals ranked with an impact factor.

PLOS journals are included in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). PLOS is also a member of the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA), a participating publisher and supporter of the Initiative for Open Citations, and a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
Astemir Apanasov
Astemir Apanasov (Russian: Астемир Валерьевич Апанасов; born September 21, 1989, Nalchik) is a Circassian singer, musician, and composer.

He received several awards including Honored Artist of the Republic of Adygea, Honored Artist Of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Honored Artist of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Grand Prix of the All-Russian competition "Blue Bird", victory in the final and superfinal of the television competition "Morning Star" (2003), Winner of the International Competition "Hopes of Europe", laureate of the International Theater Festival Fringe in Edinburgh (Scotland), laureate of the IV Annual Prize of the first all-Caucasian ethnomusic TV channel "9 Wave", laureate of the I and II prizes of the International Competition "Hopes of Europe".

Big Difference
Big Difference (Russian: Большая разница, romanized: Bolshaya raznitsa) was a Russian parody TV show. Conceptually it is similar to the MADtv show or the German comedy show, Switch. Created by producers Aleksandr Tsekalo and Ruslan Sorokin in 2007. The actors within the project are performing parodies of the most popular Russian and world celebrities, TV programs, movies, etc.

In 2012, the show was rebranded to Big Difference TV and one of the hosts, Ivan Urgant, was contracted by the Russian competing channel TNT to leave the show.
Kir6.2
Kir6.2 is a major subunit of the ATP-sensitive K+ channel, a lipid-gated inward-rectifier potassium ion channel. The gene encoding the channel is called KCNJ11 and mutations in this gene are associated with congenital hyperinsulinism.

Lipid-gated ion channels
Lipid-gated ion channels are a class of ion channels whose conductance of ions through the membrane depends directly on lipids. Classically the lipids are membrane resident anionic signaling lipids that bind to the transmembrane domain on the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane with properties of a classic ligand. Other classes of lipid-gated channels include the mechanosensitive ion channels that respond to lipid tension, thickness, and hydrophobic mismatch. A lipid ligand differs from a lipid cofactor in that a ligand derives its function by dissociating from the channel while a cofactor typically derives its function by remaining bound.
Cole Caufield
Cole Caufield (born January 2, 2001) is an American-Canadian professional ice hockey player who is a winger for the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected in the first round, 15th overall, by the Canadiens in the 2019 NHL entry draft.

Following success with the USA Hockey National Team Development Program (USNTDP), Caufield played collegiately for the University of Wisconsin-Madison of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for the 2019–20 and 2020–21 seasons. He won the Hobey Baker Award and was the leading goal and point-scorer for the 2020–21 NCAA season.

Internationally, Caufield has represented the United States in numerous tournaments including winning a gold medal at the U17 WHC, a silver and bronze medal at the 2018 U18 WJC and 2019 U18 WJC respectively, and a gold medal at the 2021 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.

2020–21 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season
The 2020–21 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season began on November 14, 2020, and concluded with the Frozen Four on April 10, 2021. Due to the cancellation of the previous year's tournament due to COVID-19 pandemic, this was the 73rd season in which an NCAA ice hockey championship was held, and was US college hockey's 127th year overall.

Due to concerns related to the pandemic, the start of the season was delayed until what would have normally been the 8th week of play. Despite having to contend with contend with cancellations and delays due to the pandemic, the season was completed. Massachusetts won their first national championship, ending the 4-year run of NCHC teams.
Radio 1990
Radio 1990 is a thirty-minute music video showcase program that ran during primetime on weekdays on USA Network. It was intended to compete directly with the NBC program Friday Night Videos, as well as MTV and other cable channel shows such as TBS's Night Tracks. It was a companion to another USA Network program, Night Flight, which featured a combination of music videos, interviews, standup comedy and other performances.

The program ran from March 1983 until September 1986, and was hosted by music journalist Lisa Robinson and Kathryn Kinley. It also featured celebrity musical guest co-hosts. In August 1985, Paul Stanley of Kiss co-hosted for a week and Frank Zappa co-hosted during the week of Halloween 1985.

Friday Night Videos
Friday Night Videos is an American music video/variety program that aired from July 29, 1983, to May 24, 2002, on NBC. Originally developed as an attempt by the network to capitalize on the emerging popularity of music videos, which had been brought into the mainstream by MTV during the early 1980s, the program shifted over to a general music focus in 1990, mixing in live music performances alongside the video showcases. Upon being retitled Friday Night in 1994, its format was expanded to incorporate a variety of entertainment content to supplement, and eventually surpass, the music videos. The program evolved into its final format in 2001 under the title Late Friday, removing the music and feature segments and becoming dedicated solely to showcasing new stand-up comedy talent.
Metastasis suppressor
A metastasis suppressor is a protein that acts to slow or prevent metastases (secondary tumors) from spreading in the body of an organism with cancer. Metastasis is one of the most lethal cancer processes. This process is responsible for about ninety percent of human cancer deaths. Proteins that act to slow or prevent metastases are different from those that act to suppress tumor growth. Genes for about a dozen such proteins are known in humans and other animals.

MAP2K4
Dual-specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP2K4 gene.

MAP2K4 encodes a dual-specificity kinase that belongs to the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP2K4 phosphorylates MAP kinases in response to various environmental stresses or mitogenic stimuli. MAPK8/JNK1, MAPK9/JNK2, and MAPK14/p38 are substrates for MAP2K4, but MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are not phosphorylated by MAP2K4. Structurally, MAP2K4 contains a kinase domain that is phosphorylated and activated by MAP3K1(aka MEKK1).  MAP2K4 contains multiple amino acid sites that are phosphorylated and ubiquitinated. Genetic studies using Map2k4 knockout mice revealed  embryonic lethality, impaired hepatogenesis and defective liver formation.  Analysis of chimeric mice identified a role for Map2k4 in T cell cytokine production and proliferation. Map2k4-deficient chimeric mice frequently develop lymphadenopathy.  MAP2K4 is altered in 1.97% of all human cancers.
Laws regarding religious activities in China
Article 36 of the 1982 Constitution of the People's Republic of China states that Chinese citizens are free to believe in, or not to believe in, religion. It also provides that while "normal religious activities" are protected by the state, religious activities must not "disrupt public order, impair the health of citizens or interfere with the educational system of the state" and that religious affairs must not be "subject to any foreign domination." Buddhism, Catholicism, Protestantism, Taoism, and Islam in China are organized into five official associations controlled by the United Front Work Department (UFWD) of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Religious activities are regulated and overseen by the UFWD.

Buddhism in China
Buddhism is followed by more than 40 million people in China, accounting for around 4% of the country's population. There are three main Buddhist branches there; Han or Chinese Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism, and Theravada Buddhism. There is no definitive answer to the time when Buddhism was first introduced to China, but it is generally believed that this occurred around the time of the Han dynasty.
Leon of Salamis
Leon of Salamis (/ˈliːɒn, -ən/; Ancient Greek: Λέων) was a historical figure, mentioned in Plato's Apology, Xenophon's Hellenica and Andocides' On the Mysteries (1.94). This Leon may also be the renowned Athenian general Leon of the Peloponnesian War.

Andocides
Andocides (/ˌænˈdɒsɪdiːz/; Ancient Greek: Ἀνδοκίδης, Andokides; c. 440 – c. 370 BC) was a logographer (speech writer) in Ancient Greece.  He was one of the ten Attic orators included in the "Alexandrian Canon" compiled by Aristophanes of Byzantium and Aristarchus of Samothrace in the third century BC.
Treowen
Treowen (or Tre-owen) is an early 17th-century house in Monmouthshire, Wales, regarded as "the most important gentry house (of its date) in the county". It is located in open countryside within the parish of Wonastow, about ½ mile (1 km) north-east of the village of Dingestow, and 3 miles (4.8 km) south-west of Monmouth.  After being used as a farmhouse for three centuries, Treowen now operates as a conference and functions venue and holds the annual Wye Valley Chamber Music Festival. It is a Grade I listed building, and its gardens are designated Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.

Joseph Bradney
Colonel Sir Joseph Alfred Bradney, CB DL JP FSA (11 January 1859 – 21 July 1933) was a British soldier, historian and antiquarian, best known for his multi-volume A History of Monmouthshire from the Coming of the Normans into Wales down to the Present Time.
Zimbabwe Iron and Steel Company
Zimbabwe Iron and Steel Company is the largest steel works in Zimbabwe. It is located just outside Kwekwe, in Redcliff, Kwekwe District. Over the years the company has faced many operational problems and corruption scandals.

Steel mill
A steel mill or steelworks is an industrial plant for the manufacture of steel. It may be an integrated steel works carrying out all steps of steelmaking from smelting iron ore to rolled product, but may also be a plant where steel semi-finished casting products are made from molten pig iron or from scrap.