hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Düsseldorf-Itter
Itter (German pronunciation: [ˈɪtɐ]) is an urban quarter of Düsseldorf, part of Borough 9. It is located near to the river Rhine, adjacent to Himmelgeist, Holthausen and Reisholz. Its name comes from the small river called the Itter. Itter has an area of 2.58 km2 (1.00 sq mi), and 2,411 inhabitants (2020).

Reisholz
Reisholz (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪsˌhɔlts]) is an urban quarter of Düsseldorf, part of Borough 9. It is located in the south of the city, bordering Holthausen, Benrath, Hassels and the river Rhine. It has an area of 1.85 km2 (0.71 sq mi), and 3,753 inhabitants (2020).

Reisholz is an industrial part of the city. Its history started in 1905 by creation of a harbour to the Rhine, a goods station and an industrial area by the Industrie-Terrains Düsseldorf-Reisholz (IDR) company. Many chemical factories, engine building industries, paper mills, petrochemical manufacturers and an oil refinery went to Reisholz. 
In 1907 the IDR company built a neogothic church, later demolished and replaced by the expanding Henkel Company.
Reisholz belonged to Benrath and became a part of Düsseldorf together with Benrath in 1929.

In the harbour of Reisholz there are plans for a new business and living area.
Kilmacuagh (Mechum)
Killmacuagh (Mechum) is a townland in Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland. The townland is in the civil parish of St. Mary's.

The townland stands in the southeast area of the town, the Dublin–Westport/Galway railway line passes through the area in the south. The townland is bordered by Kilmacuagh (Castlemaine) and Garrycastle to the east, Bunnavally to the north, Derries to the west and Bunnahinly to the south.

Bunnahinly
Bunnahinly is a townland in Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland. The townland is in the civil parish of St. Mary's.

The townland covers an area in the south-east of the town centre, with the Dublin–Westport/Galway railway line cutting through the area.
Julie Talma
Julie Talma, born Louise-Julie Careau (8 January 1756 – 5 May 1805), was a French dancer at the Paris Opera who became a courtesan in the years before the French Revolution. She had three sons by three different fathers. She used the gifts from her protectors to make a small fortune in real estate speculation. She married the well-known tragic actor François-Joseph Talma a few days before giving birth to twin sons. Her husband was unfaithful and ruined her. They separated and eventually divorced. Julie Talma was charming, intelligent, strong-willed, rational and a firm republican. She held an influential salon before and during the revolution and at the start of Napoleon's rise to power, and became a close friend of Benjamin Constant. Their lengthy correspondence has been preserved.

Thomas Okey
Thomas Okey (30 September 1852 – 4 May 1935) was a British expert on basket weaving, a translator of Italian, and a writer on art and the topography of architecture and art works in Italy and France. Okey's first experience of the Italian language came when he attended the Extension Lectures at Toynbee Hall in the 1880s.

In 1919, he became the first Serena Professor of Italian at the University of Cambridge. Okey was a hereditary basket maker from a poor East End of London family, and on his appointment at Cambridge he stated that:

Money...social position as such counts for nothing...

and

the consciousness that one stands for what one is worth as a scholar and a man... All stand on an equality of worth, from the porter at the gate to the Master in the lodge.

He was made a Fellow of Gonville and Caius College in 1920. Okey was also a member of the Art Workers' Guild, and was elected Master in 1914.
Soler model
The soler model is a quantum field theory model of Dirac fermions interacting via four fermion interactions in 3 spatial and 1 time dimension.  It was introduced in 1938 by Dmitri Ivanenko

and re-introduced and investigated in 1970 by Mario Soler as a toy model of self-interacting electron.

This model is described by the Lagrangian density

where  is the coupling constant,
 in the Feynman slash notations, .
Here , , are Dirac gamma matrices.

The corresponding equation can be written as

,

where , ,
and  are the Dirac matrices.
In one dimension,
this model is known as the massive Gross–Neveu model.

Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles. The current standard model of particle physics is based on QFT.

Despite its extraordinary predictive success, QFT faces ongoing challenges in fully incorporating gravity and in establishing a completely rigorous mathematical foundation.
1992 NSW Open
The 1992 NSW Open was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the White City Stadium in Sydney, Australia that was part of the World Series of the 1992 ATP Tour and Tier II of the 1992 WTA Tour. It was the 100th edition of the tournament and was held from 6 January through 12 January 1994. Emilio Sánchez and Gabriela Sabatini won the singles titles.

1992 WTA Tour
The 1992 WTA Tour (officially titled 1992 Kraft General Foods World Tour after its sponsor) was the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 1992 tennis season.

The WTA Tour is the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The WTA Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events. ITF tournaments are not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
John Christopher Fine
John Christopher Fine of Scarsdale, New York is a marine biologist with a doctor of jurisprudence degree and has dived on shipwrecks all over the world. He is a Master Scuba Instructor and Instructor Trainer, and the author of over two dozen books on almost as many topics, including award-winning books dealing with ocean pollution. He has authored both fiction and non-fiction books.

The liaison officer of the United Nations Environment Programme and the Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques, Fine is a fellow of the Explorers Club and a member of the Academy of Underwater Arts and Sciences, a recognition he received in honor of his numerous books in the field of juvenile education. He has been the recipient of international recognition for his pioneering work investigating toxic waste contamination of our land and water resources.

The Explorers Club
The Explorers Club is an American-based international multidisciplinary professional society with the goal of promoting scientific exploration and field study. The club was founded in New York City in 1904 and has served as a meeting point for explorers and scientists worldwide.

The Explorers Club hosts an annual dinner to honor accomplishments in exploration, which is known for its adventurous, exotic cuisine.

In 2023, the club reported total revenue of $5,352,688 and total assets of $17,108,895. In 2023 it also reported total giving of $750,479.
Journal of Management
The Journal of Management is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by SAGE Publications for the Southern Management Association and covering research on all aspects of management as well as the related field of industrial and organizational psychology. Special issues containing review articles only are published biannually in January and July. It is an official journal of the Southern Management Association. The journal was established in 1975 and the editor-in-chief is Cynthia E. Devers (Virginia Tech).

Academy of Management
The Academy of Management is a professional association for scholars of management and organizations, established in 1936. It publishes several academic journals, organizes international conferences, and provides forums for management professors and practitioners to exchange research, insights, and ideas.
GSC Game World
GSC Game World is a Ukrainian video game developer based in Kyiv with a second temporary office in Prague. Founded in Kyiv in 1995 by Sergiy Grygorovych, it is best known for the Cossacks and S.T.A.L.K.E.R. series of games. GSC Game World was the first company in Ukraine to localize PC games to the Russian language. In 2002, it became a publishing house, GSC World Publishing.

1998 Russian financial crisis
The Russian financial crisis (also called the ruble crisis or the Russian flu) began in Russia on 17 August 1998. It resulted in the Russian government and the Russian Central Bank devaluing the ruble and defaulting on its debt. The crisis had severe impacts on the economies of many neighboring countries.
René van de Kerkhof
Reinier Lambertus "René" van de Kerkhof (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛiniːr lɑmˈbɛrtʏs rəˈneː vɑn də ˈkɛr(ə)kɦɔf]; born 16 September 1951) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a right winger for FC Twente, PSV Eindhoven and the Netherlands national team.

KNVB Cup
The KNVB Beker (pronounced [ˌkaːʔɛɱveːˈbeː ˈbeːkər]; English: KNVB Cup), branded as the Eurojackpot KNVB Beker for sponsorship reasons, is a competition in the Netherlands organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) since 1898. It was based on the format of the English FA Cup. Outside the Netherlands, it is often referred to as the Dutch Cup. The tournament consists of all teams from the top four tiers of Dutch league football (Eredivisie, Eerste Divisie, Tweede Divisie and Derde Divisie), as well as the 24 semi-finalists (or replacements) of the six KNVB District Cups. The finals of the tournament traditionally takes place in De Kuip, and has been held there every season since the 1989 final. The winners of the cup compete against the winners of the Eredivisie for the Johan Cruyff Shield, (equivalent to a super cup) which acts as the curtain raiser for the following season.
Plant City, Arcadia, and Gulf Railroad
The Plant City, Arcadia, and Gulf Railroad was a railroad line that once operated from Plant City, Florida, south to Welcome, a distance of about 13 miles. The line remains in service today and is owned by CSX Transportation, which it operates as their Plant City Subdivision.

Main Line (Seaboard Air Line Railroad)
The Seaboard Air Line Railroad’s Main Line was the backbone of the Seaboard Air Line Railroad's network in the southeastern United States.  The main line ran from Richmond, Virginia to Tampa, Florida, a distance of over 800 miles.  While some segments of the line have been abandoned as of 2025, most of the line is still in service and is owned by the Seaboard Air Line's successor, CSX Transportation as their S Line.
Lama Passage
Lama Passage, sometimes referred to as Lama Pass, is a strait on the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada, between Denny, Campbell and Hunter Islands. It is part of the Inside Passage shipping route, connecting Seaforth Channel with Fisher Channel.  It was named for a Hudson's Bay Company brigantine, the Lama, under Captain McNeill (namesake of Port McNeill), which with another HBC vessel, the Dryad under Captain Kipling, brought building materials and stores from Fort Vancouver for the founding of Fort McLoughlin in 1833.

Denny Island (Canada)
Denny Island is an island on the Central Coast of British Columbia, in the Central Coast Regional District, Canada. It lies just east of the community of Bella Bella, aka Waglisla, which is on Campbell Island. It is the location of Old Bella Bella, now mainly abandoned, but home to Canadian Coast Guard and Fisheries & Oceans bases, and Shearwater, home to Shearwater Marine. The island has a population of 138 Its main attraction is the McEmery Aquatic Centre on Reservoir Lane.
Sultan Abu Bakar Complex
The Sultan Abu Bakar Complex (KSAB; Malay: Kompleks Sultan Abu Bakar; Jawi: کومڤليکس سلطان ابو بکر) is a customs, immigration and quarantine (CIQ) complex in Tanjung Kupang, Iskandar Puteri, Johor, Malaysia. Located at the northern end of the Malaysia–Singapore Second Link, it is one of the two land ports of entry to Malaysia on the Malaysia–Singapore border.

The CIQ complex is named after Sultan Abu Bakar of Johor. From Malaysia, vehicular access is provided by the Second Link Expressway, continuing after border inspection onto the Second Link bridge to Tuas Checkpoint in Tuas, Singapore. Pedestrians are not permitted on the Second Link; as a result, there is no pedestrian access to or from the complex.

Tuas
Tuas (IPA: /ˈtwɑːs/ TWAHSS) is a planning area located within the West Region of Singapore. It is bounded by the Western Water Catchment to its north, Pioneer to its east and the Straits of Johor to its west. Tuas also shares a maritime boundary with the Western Islands planning area to its east. It has six subzones, Tengeh, Tuas Bay, Tuas North, Tuas Promenade, Tuas View and Tuas View Extension.
America Is Elsewhere
America Is Elsewhere: The Noir Tradition in the Age of Consumer Culture (ISBN 978-0-199-96991-3) is a book written by Erik Dussere and published by Oxford University Press on 1 November 2013 which later went on to win the Edgar Award for Best Critical / Biographical in 2014.

Edgar Awards
The Edgar Allan Poe Awards, popularly called the Edgars, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America which is based in New York City. Named after American writer Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849), a pioneer in the genre, the awards honor the best in mystery fiction, non-fiction, television, film, and theater published or produced in the previous year.
Tarjeta de Movilidad Integrada
The Tarjeta de Movilidad Integrada (MI; literal English translation: Integrated Mobility Card) is a contactless smart card introduced in Mexico City in October 2005 as "Tarjeta Metrobús". It is used on the public transport system of Mexico City as a fare card. It offers interoperability with the Metro, Metrobús, Ecobici, Cablebús, Light train, RTP and Trolleybus systems.

Contactless smart card
A contactless smart card is a contactless credential whose dimensions are credit card size. Its embedded integrated circuits can store (and sometimes process) data and communicate with a terminal via NFC. Commonplace uses include transit tickets, bank cards and passports.

There are two broad categories of contactless smart cards. Memory cards contain non-volatile memory storage components, and perhaps some specific security logic. Contactless smart cards contain read-only RFID called CSN (Card Serial Number) or UID, and a re-writeable smart card microchip that can be transcribed via radio waves.
Lalbir Chaudhary
Lalbir Chaudhary (Nepali: लालबिर चौधरी) is a Nepalese politician and father of Resham Lal Chaudhary, the founder of Nagrik Unmukti Party, Nepal. He was elected in 2022 from Bardiya 2 to the House of Representatives.

Though being a member of Nagrik Unmukti Party, Chaudhary had to contest election as independent after his son's candidacy was denied.

Resham Lal Chaudhary
Resham Lal Chaudhary, also Resham Chaudhary, is a Nepali former member of Parliament who was sentenced to life in prison for his role in orchestrating and carrying out the 2015 Tikapur massacre. He was later freed on the occasion of Republic day in Nepal.

Chaudhary, a founder of Nagrik Unmukti Party, Nepal which he founded on 30 October 2025.
Mullagh, County Clare
Mullagh (Irish: Mullach, meaning 'hilltop') is a village in County Clare, Ireland. It lies not far from the Atlantic coast, some 5 km southeast of Quilty and 6.5 km south-southeast of Spanish Point. Nearby towns include Milltown Malbay (7 km to the north) and Kilrush (22 km to the south).

Spanish Point, County Clare
Spanish Point (Irish: Rinn na Spáinneach) is a village in the parish of Milltown Malbay in County Clare on the west coast of Ireland. It has many holiday homes, and in winter a significantly smaller population. The Beach, over a kilometre long, has Blue Flag Status and is suitable for swimming and surfing. It is also one of the better known surf breaks in County Clare. The name refers to the wrecking of some ships of the Spanish Armada off the coast.
Queen Anne Revival architecture in the United Kingdom
British Queen Anne Revival architecture, also known as Domestic Revival, is a style of building using red brick, white woodwork, and an eclectic mixture of decorative features, that became popular in the 1870s, both for houses and for larger buildings such as offices, hotels, and town halls. It was popularised by Norman Shaw (1831–1912) and George Devey (1820–1886).

William Eden Nesfield
William Eden Nesfield (2 April 1835 – 25 March 1888) was an English architect. Like his some-time partner, Richard Norman Shaw, he designed several houses in Britain in the revived 'Old English' and 'Queen Anne' styles during the 1860s and 1870s. He was also a designer and painter.
Agathocles of Bactria
Agathocles I Dicaeus (Ancient Greek: Ἀγαθοκλῆς Δικαῖος, romanized: Agathoklês Dikaîos, meaning "Agathocles the Just") was a Greco-Bactrian/Indo-Greek king, who reigned between around 190 and 180 BC. He was likely from the dynasty of Euthydemus I, but he is also known to have commemorated both Diodotus I and Antiochus Nicator.

Kharosthi
Kharosthi script (Gāndhārī: 𐨑𐨪𐨆𐨮𐨿𐨛𐨁𐨌 𐨫𐨁𐨤𐨁, romanized: kharoṣṭhī lipi), also known as the Gandhari script (𐨒𐨌𐨣𐨿𐨢𐨌𐨪𐨁𐨌 𐨫𐨁𐨤𐨁, gāndhārī lipi), was an ancient Indic script originally developed in the Gandhara Region of the north-western Indian subcontinent, between the 5th and 3rd century BCE. Primarily used by the people of Gandhara in various parts of South Asia and Central Asia, Kharosthi remained in use until it died out in its homeland around the 5th century CE. It was also in use in Bactria, the Kushan Empire, Sogdia, and along the Silk Road. There is some evidence it may have survived until the 7th century in Khotan and Niya, both cities in Tarim Basin.
PDC Pro Tour
The PDC Pro Tour is a series of non-televised darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). Since 2019, the Pro Tour has comprised Players Championships and European Tour events; UK Open Qualifiers were previously a part of the tour until they were discontinued. Pro Tour events mainly consist of professional darts players who hold a PDC Tour Card, with the exception of amateur call-ups and European Tour regional qualifiers. Prize money won in these events counts towards players' ranking on the PDC Order of Merit, the main world ranking system used by the PDC. It also counts towards the PDC Pro Tour Order of Merit and separate European Tour and Players Championship rankings.

World Matchplay (darts)
The World Matchplay, also known as the Betfred World Matchplay for sponsorship purposes, is a professional darts tournament and one of three legs of the Triple Crown. It is played in a legs format, and is run by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). Luke Littler is the current champion after winning the 2025 edition.
Paul Laurence Dunbar School Neighborhood Historic District
The Paul Laurence Dunbar School Neighborhood Historic District encompasses a historical neighborhood area of central Little Rock, Arkansas.  Primarily developed between 1890 and 1915, the area was initially racially integrated, but had by the mid-1960s become predominantly African-American.  It is anchored at the northern end by the Dunbar School campus, and extends south for 6-1/2 blocks along South Cross and South Ringo Streets.  Prominent houses in the district include the Miller House (1853 S. Ringo), the Womack House (1867 S. Ringo), and the Scipio A. Jones House (1872 S. Cross).

The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

Scipio A. Jones House
The Scipio A. Jones House is a historic house at 1872 South Cross Street in Little Rock, Arkansas.  It is a 1+1⁄2-story masonry structure, finished in an elaborate interpretation of the Craftsman style with a variety of materials.  It has a clipped-gable roof covered with red tile, with a skirt of roofing extending across the front above the first floor.  The entrance is recessed under a stone-faced arch, which is flanked by stuccoed bays with bands of three sash windows.  The gable above also has a three-sash window group.  The house was built about 1928 for Scipio Jones, one of Arkansas' most prominent African-American lawyers and politicians of the period.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.
1987 World Netball Championships
The 1987 World Netball Championships was the seventh edition of the INF Netball World Cup held in Glasgow, Scotland. This quadrennial premier event in international netball featured 17 teams, and included the debut of Cook Islands.

The format of the 1987 edition was similar to the previous edition with the teams separated into two groups with the top two continuing on to the final round. New Zealand claimed their third title going unbeaten throughout the entire tournament.

Netball World Cup
The Netball World Cup is a quadrennial international netball world championship organised by World Netball, inaugurated in 1963. Since its inception the competition has been dominated primarily by the Australia national netball team and the New Zealand national netball team, Trinidad and Tobago is the only other team to have won a title (a three-way tie in the 1979 championship). The most recent tournament was the 2023 Netball World Cup in Cape Town, South Africa, which was won by Australia.
Akwa United F.C.
Akwa United Football Club is a Nigerian football club based in Uyo, Akwa Ibom. They play in the Nigeria National League, the second division of Nigerian football. The Godswill Akpabio International Stadium is the club's home Stadium. In the 2020/21 season they were crowned champions of the league for the first time in their history.

2018 CAF Confederation Cup
The 2018 CAF Confederation Cup (officially the 2018 Total CAF Confederation Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 15th edition  of Africa's secondary club football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), under the current CAF Confederation Cup title after the merger of CAF Cup and African Cup Winners' Cup.

Raja Casablanca won the title for the first time, defeating AS Vita Club in the final, and earned the right to play against the winners of the 2018 CAF Champions League in the 2019 CAF Super Cup.

TP Mazembe were the two-time defending champions, but as they qualified for the 2018 CAF Champions League and reached the group stage, they were not able to defend their title.
Helena Guttormsdotter
Helena Guttormsdotter, fl 1205, was a Swedish noble and landholder, known as the royal mistress of Valdemar II of Denmark.

Helena was the daughter of a Swedish Jarl, Guttorm. She married the Danish noble Esbern Snare and became the mother of Lady Ingeborg of Kalundborg. She was widowed in 1204, and had a relationship with Valdemar II, with whom she had Canute, Duke of Estonia. The relationship was terminated when he married Dagmar of Bohemia. Helena returned to Sweden, where she founded the chapel Vår Frus kapell in Linköping. She was a landholder in Sweden, and left her estates there to her son after her death.

Dagmar of Bohemia
Dagmar of Bohemia (also known as Margaret, Czech: Markéta; c. 1186 – 24 May 1212 in Ribe) was Queen of Denmark as the first spouse of King Valdemar II. She was the daughter of King Ottokar I of Bohemia and his first wife, Adelaide of Meissen.