hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nunsowe Green
Nunsowe Green (or Greene) was the pseudonym for an unidenitified 19th-century British novelist. He may have been a fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society. He is known for authoring the 1882 science fiction novel A Thousand Years Hence. Green is mentioned alongside Jules Verne by a character in the novel The Saliva Tree (1966) by Brian Aldiss, which also refers to H. G. Wells.

Brian Aldiss
Brian Wilson Aldiss OBE (/ˈɔːldɪs/; 18 August 1925 – 19 August 2017) was an English writer, artist and anthology editor, best known for science-fiction novels and short stories. His byline reads either Brian W. Aldiss or simply Brian Aldiss, except for occasional pseudonyms during the mid-1960s.

Greatly influenced by science fiction pioneer H. G. Wells, Aldiss was a vice-president of the international H. G. Wells Society. He was co-president of the Birmingham Science Fiction Group with Harry Harrison. Aldiss was named a Grand Master by the Science Fiction Writers of America in 1999 and inducted by the Science Fiction Hall of Fame in 2004. He received two Hugo Awards, one Nebula Award and one John W. Campbell Memorial Award. He wrote the short story "Supertoys Last All Summer Long" (1969), the basis for the Stanley Kubrick-developed Steven Spielberg film A.I. Artificial Intelligence (2001). Aldiss was associated with the British New Wave of science fiction.
Kalkrieser Berg
The Kalkrieser Berg (also called the Schmittenhöhe) is a hill, 157 m high, between the villages of Venne and Engter in the district of Osnabrück. The Kalkrieser Berg is a northern bulge of the Wiehen Hills. To the north is the great bog of Großes Moor at a height of about 47 m above sea level (NHN), the Mittelland Canal, built in the 20th century, and the Bramsche parish of Kalkriese.

Most historians believe that the narrow point – between the Kalkrieser Berg and the great bog – was where the decisive Battle of the Teutoburg Forest between the Romans and the Germanic tribes took place. In the area of  Kalkriese artifacts believed to be from the battle have been recovered and many are on display in the Kalkriese Museum and Park.

Ostercappeln
Ostercappeln is a municipality in the district of Osnabrück, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated in the Wiehengebirge, approx. 15 km northeast of Osnabrück. The municipality is made up of three villages, Ostercappeln, Venne and Schwagstorf, along the Bundesstraße 218. Ostercappeln is the location of the St. Raphael hospital, which serves a general hospital for the surrounding municipalities and as a center for pulmonary diseases for the district.
Simians in Chinese culture
Simians, particularly macaques and monkey-like gibbons, have played significant roles in Chinese culture for over two thousand years. Some examples familiar to English speakers include the zodiacal Year of the Monkey, the Monkey King Sun Wukong in the novel Journey to the West, familiar from its TV version Monkey, and Monkey Kung Fu.

Monkeys are one of the smartest animals amongst the animal kingdom according to the Chinese culture.

Edward H. Schafer
Edward Hetzel Schafer (August 23, 1913 – February 9, 1991) was an American historian, sinologist, and writer noted for his expertise on the Tang dynasty, and was a professor of Chinese at University of California, Berkeley, for 35 years.  Schafer's most notable works include The Golden Peaches of Samarkand and The Vermilion Bird, which both explore China's interactions with other cultures and regions during the Tang dynasty.
Lake of the Idols
Lake of the Idols (Italian: Lago degli Idoli) is a lake located in Arezzo Province, Tuscany, Italy.  It is located 1,380 metres (4,530 ft) above sea level atop Monte Falterona, about 600 metres from the source of the river Arno.  Situated near an ancient road linking Etruria (including Tuscany and Umbria) with the Adriatic port cities of Romagna, it is known for one of the largest archaeological finds of the Etruscan civilization; over 600 bronze statuettes of Etruscan and Roman origin, along with thousands of other figurines from Cisalpine Gaul and Umbria, were discovered within the lake.

Etruria
Etruria (/ɪˈtrʊəriə/ ih-TROOR-ee-ə) was a region of Central Italy delimited by the rivers Arno and Tiber, an area that covered what is now most of Tuscany, northern Lazio, and north-western Umbria. It was inhabited by the Etruscans, an ancient civilization that flourished in the area from around the 8th century BC until they were assimilated into the Roman Republic in the 4th century BC.
Aceria elongata
Aceria elongata, the crimson erineum mite, is a species of eriophyid mite. This microscopic organism induces erineum galls on the upper leaf surfaces of sugar maple, and is known from the east coast of United States and Canada.

Gall
Galls (from the Latin galla, 'oak-apple') or cecidia (from the Greek kēkidion, anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls can be such highly organized structures that their cause can be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology.
Allahqoli Khan Zanganeh
Allahqoli Khan Zanganeh was a Kurdish nobleman from the Zanganeh tribe, who served as the governor of Kermanshah under the Zand dynasty from the mid-1750s until his death in 1785, when the Ardalan governor Khosrow Khan Bozorgi defeated him and seized the city.

Zangana (tribe)
Zangana (Kurdish: Zengene/زەنگەنە) is a Kurdish tribe in Kermanshah province and some parts of Iraqi Kurdistan.
They speak a distinct dialect. However, in recent years they have linguistically assimilated into the language practice of Sorani speakers in the area in which they live.
Livermore, Pennsylvania
Livermore, Pennsylvania is an abandoned town that was located on the Conemaugh River between Blairsville and Saltsburg in Derry Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. The town was abandoned and partially razed in the early 1950s following authorization by the Flood Control Act of 1936 and Flood Control Act of 1938 for construction of the Conemaugh Dam and Lake to prevent flooding of Pittsburgh. Much of the former town site now lies under the reservoir and floodplains.

Main Line of Public Works
The Main Line of Public Works was a package of legislation passed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1826 to establish a means of transporting freight between Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. It funded the construction of various long-proposed canal and road projects, mostly in southern Pennsylvania, that became a canal system and later added railroads. Built between 1826 and 1834, it established the Pennsylvania Canal System and the Allegheny Portage Railroad.

Later amendments substituted a new technology, railroads, in place of the planned but costly 82-mile (132 km) canal connecting the Delaware River in Philadelphia to the Susquehanna River.  The route from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh remained a patchwork of canals and railroads until the Pennsylvania Railroad was built in the 1850s.
Uniforms of the Singapore Police Force
The Singapore Police Force has employed several different styles of uniforms throughout its history. Since 1969 it has used dark blue for its uniforms, although the first police uniforms introduced in 1856 were also in the same colour.

Gurkha Contingent
1°20′21.41″N 103°52′44.79″E﻿ / ﻿1.3392806°N 103.8791083°E﻿ / 1.3392806; 103.8791083

The Gurkha Contingent (GC) is a line department of the Singapore Police Force (SPF) consisting primarily of Gurkhas from Nepal, recruited by the British Army under the purview of the Government of Singapore. It serves as a special guard force and counter-terrorist force.
Le Nouvion-en-Thiérache
Le Nouvion-en-Thiérache (French pronunciation: [lə nuvjɔ̃ ɑ̃ tjeʁaʃ], literally Le Nouvion in Thiérache; Picard: Ch' Nouvion-in-Thiérache) is a commune in the Aisne department, region of Hauts-de-France (formerly Picardy), northern France.

Thiérache
The Thiérache (French pronunciation: [tjeʁaʃ]; Picard: Quiérache) is a region of France and Belgium united by similar geography and architecture, including the presence of hedgerows, grassland, hilly terrain, scattered settlements, and traditionally-built stone or brick houses with stone dividing walls and slate roofs.

Located in the north-east of the Aisne department, it also spills over into parts of the Nord and Ardennes departments and the Walloon provinces of Hainaut and Namur. Its overall location is the western foothills of the Ardennes massif. Historically, its capital was Guise, even though its largest settlement is now Fourmies. It is bisected by the route nationale 2 between Paris and Brussels, whilst another important local route is the route nationale 43 between Cambrai and Charleville-Mézières.
Tommaso Sandrino
Tomasso Sandrino (1575–1631) (also Sandrini) was an Italian painter of quadratura in Northern Italy, active in his native Brescia.

Among the church ceilings he helped fresco with quadrature are Sant Faustino, San Domenico, Chiesa del Carmine, and the Cathedral of Brescia.  He also worked in Milan, Ferrara, and Mirandola.

Illusionistic ceiling painting
Illusionistic ceiling painting, which includes the techniques of perspective di sotto in sù and quadratura, is the tradition in Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo art in which trompe-l'œil, perspective tools such as foreshortening, and other spatial effects are used to create the illusion of three-dimensional space on an otherwise two-dimensional or mostly flat ceiling surface above the viewer. It is frequently used to create the illusion of an open sky, such as with the oculus in Andrea Mantegna's Camera degli Sposi, or the illusion of an architectural space such as the cupola, one of Andrea Pozzo's frescoes in Sant'Ignazio, Rome. Illusionistic ceiling painting belongs to the general class of illusionism in art, designed to create accurate representations of reality, as well as the general class of painted ceilings.
2016–17 QMJHL season
The 2016–17 QMJHL season is the 48th season of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). The regular season began on September 22, 2016, and ended on March 18, 2017.

The playoffs began on March 23, 2017, and ended on May 10. The winning team, the Saint John Sea Dogs, were awarded the President's Cup and a berth in the 2017 Memorial Cup tournament, which was held at the WFCU Centre in Windsor, Ontario, from May 19–28, 2017.

Gilles-Courteau Trophy
The Gilles-Courteau Trophy is awarded annually by the Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League to the league's playoffs champion. On February 21, 2023, the President's Cup was renamed in honour of Gilles Courteau who announced his retirement as commissioner on December 16, 2022.
First Town Hospital
The First Town Hospital (Serbian: Прва варошка болница, Prva varoška bolnica) was built in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia in 1868. The construction was initiated by the ruling prince Mihailo Obrenović as the first building in Belgrade built purposely to serve as a hospital.

With the Captain Miša's Mansion, it is the most important work of Romanticism in the architecture of Belgrade, and in general marks an excellent achievement of the Serbian architecture in the second half of the 19th century. As such, it has the status of the cultural monument of a great importance since 1979, previously protected in 1964 and categorized in 1981.

It presently houses Serbian Medical Association and the Museum of medicine.

Captain Miša Mansion
The Mansion of Miša Anastasijević (Serbian: Капетан Мишино здање, romanized: Kapetan Mišino zdanje) is one of the most notable buildings in Belgrade, Serbia. It is the University of Belgrade's administration and governance building.
2011 ICC Awards
The 2011 ICC Awards were held on 12 September 2011 in London, England. They were presented at a grand ceremony in association with the Federation of International Cricketers' Associations (FICA).
The ICC had been hosting ICC Awards since 2004, which were now into their eighth year. Previous events were held in London (2004), Sydney (2005), Mumbai (2006), Johannesburg (2007, 2009), Dubai (2008) and Bangalore (2010).
The ICC awards the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy to the Cricketer of the Year, which is considered to be the most prestigious award in world cricket.

2009 ICC Awards
The 2009 ICC Awards were held on 1 October 2009 in Johannesburg, South Africa before the semi-finals of the 2009 ICC Champions Trophy. The nominations were announced in Mumbai in early September, and short lists were announced on 15 September. These awards recognized player performance between 13 August 2008 and 24 August 2009, and were presented in association with the Federation of International Cricketers' Associations (FICA). Performances from both players and officials during this period were considered.

The ICC had hosted the ICC Awards since the 2004 and were now in their sixth year. Previous events were held in London (2004), Sydney (2005), Mumbai (2006), and Dubai (2008), with Johannesburg also hosting in 2007. The awards include the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy for Cricketer of the Year, which is considered the most prestigious award in world cricket.ICC
Filottrano
Filottrano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ancona in the Italian region Marche, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Ancona.

Filottrano borders the following municipalities: Appignano, Cingoli, Jesi, Montefano, Osimo, Santa Maria Nuova.

Lardini, the international fashion company, is based in Filottrano.

Jesi
Jesi (Italian: [ˈjɛːzi]) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Ancona, in the Italian region of Marche.

It is an important industrial and artistic center in the floodplain on the left (north) bank of the Esino river, 17 kilometres (11 mi) before its mouth on the Adriatic Sea.
Ngardi language
Ngardi, also spelt Ngarti or Ngardilj, is an Australian Aboriginal language that is considered moribund. It was previously thought to be an alternative name for the Bunara language, but these are now classified as separate languages. It was/is spoken by the Ngardi people of the Northern Territory and northern Western Australia.

Norman Tindale
Norman Barnett Tindale AO (12 October 1900 – 19 November 1993) was an Australian anthropologist, archaeologist, entomologist and ethnologist. He is best remembered for his work mapping the various tribal groupings of Aboriginal Australians at the time of European settlement, shown in his map published in 1940. This map provided the basis of a map published by David Horton in 1996 and widely used in its online form today. Tindale's major work was Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits and Proper Names (1974).
Battle of Montemurlo
On 1 or 2 August 1537 (both dates are given in sources), near the Tuscan village of Montemurlo, the forces of the newly installed Duke Cosimo I of Florence defeated a hastily organized army of those who wished to overthrow the Medici and restore the Republic of Florence.  Following the battle, Cosimo's bloody vengeance on all those who opposed Medici rule effectively ended organized opposition to his family in Florence.  The victory led to the decision of Emperor Charles V to formally recognize Cosimo as Duke of Florence on 30 September 1537.

Montemurlo
Montemurlo (Italian pronunciation: [ˌmonteˈmurlo]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Prato in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Florence and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) northwest of Prato. It has 19,059 inhabitants.

Montemurlo borders the following municipalities: Agliana, Cantagallo, Montale, Prato, Vaiano.
Champasak Provincial Museum
The Champasak Provincial Museum is a local museum in Pakse, Laos. It holds the unique history of the province, which gathers all kind of artifacts and documents to chronicle the history of Champasak. The museum also holds historical photos of cultural events, foreign meetings and pictures of Kaysone Phomvihane, Nouhak Phoumsavan and Khamtay Siphandone, all from the south. There are displays of musical instruments, stelae in the Tham script dating from the 15th to 18th centuries, a water jar from the 11th or 12th century and pottery from around the province and plus a model of Wat Phu. On the higher level, it displays different ethnic clothing, along with textile and jewellery collections.

Vat Phou
Vat Phou (or Vat Phu; Lao: ວັດພູ [wāt pʰúː] temple-mountain) is a ruined Khmer-Hindu temple complex in southern Laos and one of the oldest places of worship in Southeast Asia. It is at the base of mount Phou Khao, some 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from the Mekong in Champasak province.

There was a sanctuary on the site, centred on a sacred spring and an offering place for a mighty tutelary sprit dating back to pre-historic times. The first megalithic stone structures had been built probably as early as the second century BCE, consisting of two stone cells, a carving of a crocodile, serpent stairs, and several offering platforms. One of the first pre-Angkor brick buildings onsite was erected in the early 7th century and became the focus of all consequent building activities. Most of the other surviving buildings date from the Angkor period, in the 11th—13th centuries.
Von der Leyen Commission II
The second von der Leyen Commission is the current European Commission, in office since 1 December 2024. It consists of one commissioner from each of the member states of the European Union – including Ursula von der Leyen, its president, who is from Germany.

The Commission was approved by the European Parliament on 27 November with 51% of the majority, the least supported European Commission by the Parliament since 1993, when it was given the right to vote on the college.

Vice-President of the European Commission
A Vice-President of the European Commission is a member of the European Commission who leads the commission's work in particular focus areas in which multiple European Commissioners participate.

Currently, the European Commission has a total of six Vice-Presidents: five Executive-Vice Presidents, and the High Representative who is ex officio one of the Vice-Presidents as well.
1995 Brownlow Medal
The 1995 Brownlow Medal was the 68th year the award was presented to the player adjudged the fairest and best player during the Australian Football League (AFL) home-and-away season.

Paul Kelly of the Sydney Swans won the medal by polling twenty-one votes during the 1995 AFL season. For the first time, the State Government legalised betting on the Brownlow Medal, a move which concerned some due to the high potential for corruption. The pre-count favourites for the medal were Wayne Carey (3/1), Wayne Campbell (7/2), Peter Matera (10/1), James Hird and Craig Bradley (each 12/1). Eventual winner Paul Kelly was considered a 25/1 outside chance.

Brownlow Medal
The Charles Brownlow Trophy, better known as the Brownlow Medal (and informally as Charlie), is awarded to the best and fairest player in the Australian Football League (AFL) during the home-and-away season, as determined by votes cast by the four officiating field umpires after each game. It is the most prestigious award for individual players in the AFL.

The medal was first awarded by the Victorian Football League (VFL). It was created and named in honour of Charles Brownlow, a former Geelong Football Club footballer (1880–1891) and club secretary (1885–1923), and VFL president (1918–19), who had died in January 1924 after an extended illness.
Times Square station (Suzhou Metro)
Times Square Station (Chinese: 时代广场站) is a station of Line 1 and Line 8 of the Suzhou Metro. The station is located in Suzhou Industrial Park of Suzhou. It has been in use since April 28, 2012, when Line 1 first opened.

In November 2019, this station and many others were partially renamed to Shidaiguangchang Station. On line maps and official maps, this station's English name is listed as "Shidaiguangchang". However, ticket machines still display the name "Times Square".

Line 1 (Suzhou Metro)
Line 1 is the main east–west line of the Suzhou Metro system, and it started service on April 28, 2012. Line 1 is the first rapid transit line in Suzhou and this line is operated by Suzhou Rail Transit Co., Ltd.
CYP710 family
Cytochrome P450, family 710, also known as CYP710, is a plant cytochrome P450 monooxygenase family, the proteins encoded by its family members are mainly sterol 22-desaturase, which was widely distributed in plants, and take participate in Phytosteroidogenesis. CYP710 family is considered to be the plant orthologous of fungi CYP61 family, which is lost in animal. The CYP61/CYP710 ancestor gene diverged from a gene duplication of ancestor CYP51 in early eukaryotes

Cytochrome P450
Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases. However, they are not omnipresent; for example, they have not been found in Escherichia coli. In mammals, these enzymes oxidize steroids, fatty acids,  xenobiotics, and participate in many biosyntheses. By hydroxylation, CYP450 enzymes  convert xenobiotics into hydrophilic derivatives, which are more readily excreted.

P450s are, in general, the terminal oxidase enzymes in electron transfer chains, broadly categorized as P450-containing systems. The term "P450" is derived from the spectrophotometric peak at the wavelength of the absorption maximum of the enzyme (450 nm) when it is in the reduced state and complexed with carbon monoxide. Most P450s require a protein partner to deliver one or more electrons to reduce the iron (and eventually molecular oxygen).
Thai Americans
Thai Americans, formerly referred to as Siamese Americans, are Americans of Thai ancestry. The Thai American population is racially and ethnically diverse, consisting of many Thais who identify as mixed race.

Thai Town, Los Angeles
Thai Town (Thai: ไทยทาวน์) is a neighborhood in Central Los Angeles, California.  In 2008, it was one of the five Asian Pacific Islander neighborhoods in the city—along with Chinatown, Little Tokyo,  Historic Filipinotown, and Koreatown—that received federal recognition as a Preserve America neighborhood. It is the only officially recognized Thai Town in the United States.
Money as Debt
Money as Debt is a 2006 animated documentary film by Canadian artist and filmmaker Paul Grignon about the monetary systems practised through modern banking. The film presents Grignon's view of the process of money creation by banks and its historical background, and warns of his belief in its subsequent unsustainability. Subsequent Money as Debt videos include Money as Debt II Promises Unleashed (2009) and Money as Debt III: Evolution Beyond Money (2011).

Monetary system
A monetary system is a system where a government manages money in a country's economy. Modern monetary systems usually consist of the national treasury, the mint, the central banks and commercial banks.

Choice of monetary system affects inflation rates, trade balances, and exchange rates. Throughout history, countries have used various approaches, including commodity money like gold, representative money backed by precious metals, and modern fiat money backed by government authority.