hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
10 Andromedae
10 Andromedae, abbreviated 10 And, is an astrometric binary star system in the northern constellation of Andromeda. 10 Andromedae is the Flamsteed designation. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.81, which means it is faintly visible to the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 6.6 mas, it is located 470 light years away. The system is moving toward the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −1.1 km/s.

The visible component is an aging red giant star with a stellar classification of M0 III, which indicates it has consumed the hydrogen at its core and evolved off the main sequence. The measured angular diameter of this star, after correction for limb darkening, is 2.01±0.02 mas. At the estimated distance of 10 And, this yields a physical size of about 33 times the radius of the Sun. It is radiating 259 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere.

Flamsteed designation
A Flamsteed designation is a combination of a number and constellation name that uniquely identifies most naked eye stars in the modern constellations visible from southern England. They are named after John Flamsteed, author of the Historia Coelestis Britannica, the first major star catalogue compiled with the aid of a telescope. Flamsteed’s own catalogue did not include what are now known as Flamsteed numbers, but its listing of stars in each constellation provided the basis for later astronomers to add them.
Altlay
Altlay is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Zell, whose seat is in the municipality of Zell an der Mosel.

Cochem-Zell
Cochem-Zell (German: Landkreis Cochem-Zell) is a district (Kreis) in the north-west of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are Mayen-Koblenz, Rhein-Hunsrück, Bernkastel-Wittlich, and Vulkaneifel.
Resana
Resana (Venetian: Rexana) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Treviso in the Italian region Veneto, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Venice and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Treviso. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 8,186 and an area of 25.0 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi).

The municipality of Resana contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Castelminio and San Marco. Castelminio used to be known as Brusaporco.

Resana borders the following municipalities: Castelfranco Veneto, Loreggia, Piombino Dese, Vedelago.

Vedelago
Vedelago (Venetian: Vedeàgo) is a comune (municipality) of estimated population of 16,474 in the Province of Treviso in the Italian region Veneto, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Venice, about 45 kilometres (28 mi) east of Vicenza, about 44 kilometres (27 mi) north of Padua and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Treviso.

The main attraction is the Villa Emo, by Andrea Palladio, in the frazione Fanzolo.
Conclusions of Utrecht
The Conclusions of the Synod of Utrecht were the result of a 1905 synod of the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands.

The Synod addressed theological questions including justification from eternity, presumptive regeneration/immediate regeneration and Infralapsarian/Supralapsarian; this came after the publication of books by preacher Dr Abraham Kuyper and Herman Bavinck and theses by Professor Lucas Lindeboom. The men disagreed on several issues and there was much debate over these for the many years.

The consistory of the Reformed Church in Hoorn appealed to the 1905 Synod about Lindeboom's main five theses, urging that the RCN put a stop to their teachings, and a committee was put together to look at these. The committee agreed with Lindeboom's views, with some caveats, and the official "Conclusions of the Synod of Utrecht" were adopted.

The Conclusions were updated in 1942 and 1946.

Reformed Churches in the Netherlands
The Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Dutch: Gereformeerde Kerken in Nederland, abbreviated Gereformeerde kerk) was the second largest Protestant church in the Netherlands and one of the two major Calvinist denominations along with the Dutch Reformed Church since 1892 until being merged into the Protestant Church in the Netherlands (PKN) in 2004. The PKN is the continuation of the Dutch Reformed Church, the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
ISO 3166-2:AD
ISO 3166-2:AD is the entry for Andorra in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Andorra, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for seven parishes.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is AD, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Andorra. The second part is two digits:

02–06: parishes created before 1978 except Andorra la Vella

07–08: Andorra la Vella and Escaldes-Engordany (Escaldes-Engordany split from Andorra la Vella in 1978)

Andorra la Vella
Andorra la Vella is the capital and largest city of Andorra. It is located high in the east Pyrenees, between France and Spain. It is also the name of the Andorran parish that surrounds the capital.

As of 2023, the city had a population of 24,042, and the urban area, which includes Escaldes–Engordany plus satellite villages, has over 40,000 inhabitants.

The principal industry is tourism, and the country also earns foreign income from being a tax haven. It is at an elevation of 1,023 m (3,356 ft), and is the highest capital city in Europe. The city shares a border with Spain.
Communist crimes (Polish legal concept)
Communist crimes (Polish: zbrodnie komunistyczne) is a legal definition used in the Polish Penal Code. The concept of a communist crime is also used more broadly internationally, and is employed by human rights non-governmental organizations as well as government agencies such as the Unitas Foundation, the Institute for Information on the Crimes of Communism, the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes, the Institute for the Investigation of Communist Crimes in Romania, and the Office for the Documentation and the Investigation of the Crimes of Communism.

Polish Penal Code
Kodeks Karny is Poland's criminal-law code. The name is often abbreviated KK.

Modern Polish legal history has seen the introduction of three penal codes: in 1932; in 1969, during the communist era; and in 1997. The last of those has been amended 101 times.

The Penal Code, with the Penal Procedure Code and the Fiscal Penal Code, together make up Poland's criminal justice system, often referred to as "penal code".
Marcus Prinz von Anhalt
Marcus Prinz von Anhalt (born Marcus Frank Adolf Eberhardt; 20 December 1966), more commonly known as Prinz Markus, is a German businessman, nightclub and brothel owner, whose luxurious lifestyle results in some coverage in the German yellow press.

Prostitution in Germany
Prostitution in Germany is legal, as are other aspects of the sex industry, including brothels, advertisement, and job offers through HR companies. Full-service sex work is widespread and regulated by the German government, which levies taxes on it. In 2016, the government adopted a new law, the Prostitutes Protection Act, in an effort to improve the legal situation of sex workers, while also now enacting a legal requirement for registration of prostitution activity and banning prostitution which involves no use of condoms. The social stigmatization of sex work persists and many workers continue to lead a double life. Human rights organizations consider the resulting common exploitation of women from Eastern and Southeastern Europe to be the main problem associated with the profession.
Ducati Forza
The Ducati Forza is a 340 cc (21 cu in) single cylinder bevel drive SOHC motorcycle produced by the Spanish manufacturer MotoTrans, who were licensed by Ducati to produce motorcycles under the Ducati brand name and was produced from 1976 to 1983. The model is based on the 350 'wide case' Ducati singles which the Italian Ducati factory had stopped manufacturing in 1974, but which MotoTrans continued to develop and produce.

Ducati singles
The Ducati singles were single cylinder motorcycles, made by Ducati from 1950 to 1974. Chief Engineer Fabio Taglioni developed a desmodromic valve system in these years, a system that opens and closes the valves using the camshaft, without the need for valve springs. This valve system has become a trademark feature of Ducati motorcycles.

In 1926, the brothers Adriano and Marcello Ducati founded Societa Scientifica Radio Brevetti Ducati, a company in Bologna producing tubes, condensers and other radio components. On June 1, 1935, the cornerstone of a factory in Borgo Panigale was laid. By 1940, the company was engaged in the manufacture of electronic equipment for the military, making the factory a target for Allied bombing. The Ducati factory at Borgo Panigale was hit badly more than once, but maintained production.
Litlkorsnestinden
Litlkorsnestinden, (nicknamed: Trakta, lit. 'The Funnel') is a mountain in Hadsel Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 980-metre (3,220 ft) tall mountain lies on the island of Austvågøya in the Lofoten archipelago, just south of the Trollfjorden. The summit is the most difficult to reach in Norway; there is no trail for the long approach which is often extremely difficult terrain and the easiest route through the Northwest ridge is a mountaineer route graded 3N. It was first ascended in 1910 by Alf Bonnevie Bryn, Ferdinand Schjelderup and Carl Wilhelm Rubenson.

Litlkorsnestinden is regarded as the hardest mountain peak in Norway to ascend, judged by technical difficulty (not length), typically ranged by mountaineers ahead of Stjerntinden in Flakstad, Strandåtinden in Bodø, Reka in Sortland, and Stetinden in Narvik.

Trollfjord
The Trollfjord or Trollfjorden is a fjord in Hadsel Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 2-kilometre (1.2 mi) long fjord cuts into the island of Austvågøya and flows out into the Raftsundet strait. The fjord has a narrow entrance and steep-sided mountains surrounding it. The name is derived from troll, a figure from Norse mythology.

The fjord is a popular tourist attraction due to the beauty of its natural setting. It is only accessible by boat or by a nearby 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) hike over very rugged terrain. The Hurtigruten's ships on the route between Bergen and Kirkenes detour into Trollfjorden. It is also popular with other cruise lines.
Roger Pierce (cricketer)
Roger Alen Pierce (born 24 May 1952) is a former New Zealand cricketer who played first-class cricket for Central Districts from 1971 to 1985.

A middle-order batsman, Pierce scored 73 and 100 not out, his highest score, for Central Districts against Northern Districts in 1973–74. He also played Hawke Cup cricket for Nelson from 1970 to 1989, and was named in the Hawke Cup Team of the Century in 2011.

Central Districts cricket team
The Central Stags, formerly known as Central Districts, are a first-class cricket team based in central New Zealand. They are the men's representative side of the Central Districts Cricket Association. They compete in the Plunket Shield first-class competition, The Ford Trophy domestic one-day competition and the Men's Super Smash Twenty20 competition. They are one of six teams that make up New Zealand Cricket. They were the fifth of the current teams to compete in the Plunket Shield which they entered for the first time in the 1950/51 season, and are the only men's first-class side representing regions in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand.
Mess kit
A mess kit is a collection of silverware and cookware designed for use by military personnel for food and military rations. They may also be used during camping and backpacking. There are many varieties of mess kits that militaries issue to their personnel that later become available to consumers.

Hexamine fuel tablet
A hexamine fuel tablet (or heat tablet, Esbit) is a form of solid fuel in tablet form. The tablets burn smokelessly, have a high energy density, do not liquefy while burning and leave no ashes. Invented in 1936 in Murrhardt, Germany, the main component is hexamine, which was discovered by Aleksandr Butlerov in 1859. Some fuel tablets use 1,3,5-trioxane as another ingredient.

Esbit is a genericized trademark that people often use to refer to similar products made by other companies. In most countries from the former Soviet bloc, fuel tablets are called dry fuel.
Nahapana
Nahapana (Ancient Greek: Ναηαπάνα Nahapána; Kharosthi: 𐨣𐨱𐨤𐨣 Na-ha-pa-na, Nahapana; Brahmi:  Na-ha-pā-na, Nahapāna;), was a member of Kshaharata dynasty in northwestern India, who ruled during the 1st or 2nd century CE. According to one of his coins, he was the son of Bhumaka.

Nashik
Nashik, formerly Nasik, is a city in the northern region of the Indian state of Maharashtra situated on the banks of the river Godavari, about 165 km (103 mi) northeast of the state capital Mumbai.

Nashik is one of the Hindu pilgrimage sites of the Kumbh Mela, which is held every 12 years.

According to the Ramayana, Nashik is where Lakshmana cut off the nose of the demoness Shurpanakha on the banks of the Godavari River. It is also called Panchavati.
It was known as "Gulshanabad" during the Mughal period.
Menai Bridge
Menai Bridge (Welsh: Porthaethwy; usually referred to colloquially as Y Borth) is a town and community on the Isle of Anglesey in north-west Wales.  It overlooks the Menai Strait and lies by the Menai Suspension Bridge, built in 1826 by Thomas Telford, just over the water from Bangor. It has a population of 3,376.

There are many small islands near the town, including Church Island. The Menai Heritage Bridges Exhibition celebrates the Menai Suspension Bridge, built by Thomas Telford, and the Britannia Bridge, built by Robert Stephenson.

Bishop of Bangor
The Bishop of Bangor is the ordinary of the Diocese of Bangor of the Church in Wales. The see is based in the city of Bangor where the bishop's seat (cathedra) is at Cathedral Church of Saint Deiniol.

The Report of the Commissioners appointed by his Majesty to inquire into the Ecclesiastical Revenues of England and Wales (1835) found the see had an annual net income of £4,464. This made it the second wealthiest diocese in Wales, after St Asaph.

The incumbent is Andy John, who was consecrated on 29 November 2008 and enthroned on 24 January 2009. The bishop's residence is Ty'r Esgob ("Bishop's House") in Bangor.
Henne Kirkeby Kro
Henne Kirkeby Kro is an inn (kro) in the village of Henne Kirkeby in Varde Municipality, Denmark. It was established in 1790 and since 2007 has been owned by Flemming Skouboe. The restaurant is managed by former chef Garrey Dawson and under chef Paul Cunningham was awarded a Michelin star in 2016 and a second in 2017.

Varde Municipality
Varde Municipality (Danish: Varde Kommune) is a kommune in the Region of Southern Denmark on the west coast of the Jutland peninsula in southwest Denmark. Its mayor is Mads Sørensen, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party. The main town and site of its municipal council is the town of Varde. It covers an area of 1255.79 km2 with a population of 49,410 (2025).

On 1 January 2007 Varde municipality was, as a result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipal Reform" of 2007), merged with the existing Blaabjerg, Blåvandshuk, most of Helle (Grimstrup parish, a part of the former Helle Municipality, merged with Esbjerg Municipality), and Ølgod municipalities to form a new Varde municipality. Årre is also located in Varde.
Absorbed dose
Absorbed dose  is a dose quantity which represents the specific energy (energy per unit mass) deposited by ionizing radiation in living matter. Absorbed dose is used in the calculation of dose uptake in living tissue in both radiation protection (reduction of harmful effects), and radiation oncology (potential beneficial effects, for example in cancer treatment). It is also used to directly compare the effect of radiation on inanimate matter such as in radiation hardening.

The SI unit of measure is the gray (Gy), which is defined as one joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of matter. The older, non-SI CGS unit rad,  is sometimes also used, predominantly in the USA.

International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements
The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) is a standardization body set up in 1925 by the International Congress of Radiology, originally as the X-Ray Unit Committee until 1950. Its objective "is to develop concepts, definitions and recommendations for the use of quantities and their units for ionizing radiation and its interaction with matter, in particular with respect to the biological effects induced by radiation".

The ICRU is a sister organisation to the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). In general terms the ICRU defines the units, and the ICRP recommends how they are used for radiation protection.
Kagerup
Kagerup is a village in the Gribskov Municipality in North Zealand, Denmark. It is located six kilometers southeast of Helsinge and 10 kilometers north of Hillerød. As of 2025, it had a population of 392.

Kagerup is served by Kagerup railway station, located on the Gribskov railway line, about 1 km (0.62 mi) west of the village.

Hillerød
Hillerød (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhiləˌʁœðˀ]) is a Danish town with a population of 36,604 (1 January 2025) located in the centre of North Zealand approximately 30 km to the northwest of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hillerød is the administrative centre of Hillerød Municipality and also the administrative seat of Region Hovedstaden (Capital Region of Denmark), one of the five regions in Denmark. It is most known for its large Renaissance castle, Frederiksborg Castle, now home to the Museum of National History. The town is surrounded by the former royal forests of Gribskov to the north and Store Dyrehave to the south.
2021 Ohio Valley Conference baseball tournament
The 2021 Ohio Valley Conference baseball tournament was held from May 27 through 29 at The Ballpark at Jackson, a neutral venue in Jackson, Tennessee. The annual tournament determines the tournament champion of Division I Ohio Valley Conference in college baseball. The tournament champion then earned the conference's automatic bid to the 2021 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

The Ballpark at Jackson
The Ballpark at Jackson is a 6,000-seat minor league baseball stadium in Jackson, Tennessee, United States. It opened in 1998.

The Ballpark at Jackson was built by the municipal government of Jackson, Tennessee, and was the home of the Jackson Generals, formerly of the Southern League from 1998 to 2020. The stadium is northeast of downtown Jackson and is visible from Interstate 40.

It also hosts other events, including Pro Wrestling for the USA Championship Wrestling company.
Amir Nojan
Amir Nojan (Persian: امیر نوژَن; born 1980 in Shiraz, Iran) is a Persian traditional Setar player. He started studying the traditional Persian music at the age of twelve with various masters. Some of his eminent teachers were Ustad Dariush Talai, Ustad Jalal Zolfonoon and Ustad MohammadReza Lotfi.

He established and has been directing Nava Ensemble since 1998 in Iran. Nojan has led concerts widely in Iran, Europe and the U.S. as composer, soloist, improviser and ensemble player.

In December 2011; he gave a lecture on “The History of Setar and its Significant Role in Iranian Classical Music” at Stanford University.

In July 2012, Nojan founded a center in the Persian music and arts named Shiraz Arts Academy in the northern California (San Jose). Shiraz Arts Academy is an educational institution specialized in the study and training of music and arts, it is where the talented students work with the distinguished instructors who are leading performers and music educators.

Mohammad-Reza Lotfi
Mohammad-Reza Lotfi (Persian: محمدرضا لطفی; 1 January 1947 – 2 May 2014) was an Iranian classical musician renowned for his mastery of the tar and setar. He collaborated with singers such as Mohammad-Rezā Shajarian, Hengameh Akhavan, Shahram Nazeri and Alireza Shahmohammadi.
Rainer Maria Rilke Foundation
The Rainer Maria Rilke Foundation (in French: Fondation Rainer Maria Rilke) was established in 1986 in Sierre, Switzerland, on the patronage of the municipality. The foundation honors the memory of the great European poet from Prague, who lived at the Chateau de Muzot, in Veyras from 1921 to 1926. Its goal is to promote the knowledge of Rainer Maria Rilke's works, through a museum, exhibitions, lectures, conferences, publications and a festival. The famous poet spent the five last years of his life in the city, living in the Château de Muzot, a 13th-century fortified manor on the edge of town.

The building also has a library containing about 7,000 items and archives.

Since 1987, the foundation installed the museum in the Maison de Courten, built in 1769, located at the rue du Bourg 30 in Sierre.

Château de Muzot
Château de Muzot (also known as Maison Muzot or Muzot Castle) is a 13th-century fortified manor house located near Veyras in Switzerland's Rhone Valley.

In 1921, it was purchased by Swiss merchant and arts patron Werner Reinhart who then invited Bohemian-Austrian poet Rainer Maria Rilke (1875–1926) to live there rent-free. It was at Muzot, during a few weeks in February 1922, that Rilke after a long silence caused by severe depression finally completed the Duino Elegies and wrote the entire Sonnets to Orpheus (both published in 1923).
Electrical junction
An electrical junction is a point or area where (a) two or more conductors or (b) different semiconducting regions of differing electrical properties make physical contact. Electrical junctions types include thermoelectricity junctions, metal–semiconductor junctions and p–n junctions. Junctions are either rectifying or non-rectifying. Non-rectifying junctions comprise ohmic contacts, which are characterised by a linear current–voltage () relation. Electronic components employing rectifying junctions include p–n diodes, Schottky diodes and bipolar junction transistors.

Depletion region
In semiconductor physics, the depletion region, also called depletion layer, depletion zone, junction region, space charge region, or space charge layer, is an insulating region within a conductive, doped semiconductor material where the mobile charge carriers diffuse, or have been forced away by an electric field. The only elements left in the depletion region are ionized donor or acceptor impurities. This region of uncovered positive and negative ions is called the depletion region due to the depletion of carriers in this region, leaving none to carry a current. Understanding the depletion region is key to explaining modern semiconductor electronics: diodes, bipolar junction transistors, field-effect transistors, and variable capacitance diodes all rely on depletion region phenomena.