hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eastchester, Bronx
Eastchester is a working-class neighborhood in the northeast Bronx in New York City. Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise are the Bronx-Westchester County border to the north, the New England Thruway to the east, Baychester Avenue to the south, and the intersection of 233rd Street and Baychester Avenue to the west. Boston Road is the primary thoroughfare through Eastchester and Dyre Avenue is the main commercial street. Eastchester includes the sub-neighborhood of Edenwald.

Eastchester is part of Bronx Community Board 12, and its ZIP Codes include 10466 and 10475. The area is patrolled by the 47th Precinct of the New York City Police Department.

Fordham, Bronx
Fordham is a neighborhood located in the western Bronx, New York City. Fordham is roughly bordered by East 196th Street to the north, the Harlem River to the west, Fordham Road to the south, and Southern Boulevard to the east. The neighborhood's primary thoroughfares are Fordham Road and Grand Concourse.

Fordham is located within Bronx Community Board 5 and Bronx Community Board 7, and its ZIP Codes include 10453, 10457, 10458 and 10468. Its main subway line is the IND Concourse Line (B and ​D trains), operating under the Grand Concourse, with the IRT Jerome Avenue Line (4 train) on its western border.  The area is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 46th Precinct. New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) property in the area is patrolled by P.S.A. 7 at 737 Melrose Avenue in the Melrose section of the Bronx. The neighborhood is home to the original, Rose Hill campus of Fordham University.
Lionel Tennyson, 3rd Baron Tennyson
Lionel Hallam Tennyson, 3rd Baron Tennyson (7 November 1889 – 6 June 1951) was known principally as a first-class cricketer who captained Hampshire and England. He was the grandson of the poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson.

Wisden Cricketers' Almanack
Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, or simply Wisden, colloquially the Bible of Cricket, is a cricket reference book published annually in the United Kingdom. The description "Bible of cricket" (or variations thereof) has been applied to Wisden since the early 1900s.

Between 1998 and 2005, an Australian edition of Wisden was published. An Indian version, edited by Suresh Menon, was produced annually from 2013 to 2018, but discontinued following the publication of a combined 2019 and 2020 issue.
Model School, Rohtak
Model School Rohtak is a private secondary school in Rohtak, Haryana, India. It is a co-educational day school with around 3,500 students . The school is affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), the Indian Public Schools' Conference (IPSC) and the National Progressive Schools' Conference (NPSC).
It was founded in 1952.

Central Board of Secondary Education
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) is a national-level board of education in India for public and private schools, controlled and managed by the Government of India. Established in 1929 by a government resolution, the Board was an experiment in inter-state integration and cooperation in the sphere of secondary education. There are more than 27,000 schools in India and 240 schools in 28 foreign countries affiliated with the CBSE. All schools affiliated with CBSE follow the NCERT curriculum, especially those in classes 9 to 12. The current Chairperson of CBSE is Rahul Singh, IAS.

The constitution of the Board was amended in 1952 to give its present name, the Central Board of Secondary Education. The Board was reconstituted on 1 July 1962 to make its services available to students and various educational institutions across the country.
Integrability conditions for differential systems
In mathematics, certain systems of partial differential equations are usefully formulated, from the point of view of their underlying geometric and algebraic structure, in terms of a system of differential forms. The idea is to take advantage of the way a differential form restricts to a submanifold, and the fact that this restriction is compatible with the exterior derivative. This is one possible approach to certain over-determined systems, for example, including Lax pairs of integrable systems.

Submanifold
In mathematics, a submanifold of a manifold  is a subset  which itself has the structure of a manifold, and for which the inclusion map  satisfies certain properties. There are different types of submanifolds depending on exactly which properties are required. Different authors often have different definitions.
Madelaynne Montaño
Madelaynne Montaño Caicedo (born January 6, 1983, in Tuluá, Valle del Cauca) is a volleyball player from Colombia, who won the silver medal at the 2012 FIVB Club World Championship playing with Rabita Baku.

Montaño won the South Korean V-League in the 2009/10 season with KT&G Daejeon and the 2012–13 Azerbaijan Super League playing with Rabita Baku. She won the Most Valuable Player award in both times.

2013 Women's South American Volleyball Championship
The 2013 Women's South American Volleyball Championship was the 30th edition of the Women's South American Volleyball Championship, organised by South America's governing volleyball body, the Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV). The tournament was played in Ica, Peru from September 18 to 22, 2013.

Brazil won the Continental Championship and qualified to the 2013 World Grand Champions Cup and the 2014 World Championship. Argentina, Peru and Colombia qualified to the 2014 South American World Championship Qualification Tournament in San Juan, Argentina.
Inherit the Wind (play)
Inherit the Wind is an American play by Jerome Lawrence and Robert Edwin Lee, which debuted in Dallas under the direction of Margo Jones in 1955. The story fictionalizes the 1925 Scopes trial as a means to discuss the then-contemporary McCarthy trials.

Darwinism
Darwinism is a term used to describe a theory of biological evolution developed by the English naturalist Charles Darwin (1809–1882) and his contemporaries. The theory states that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's ability to compete, survive, and reproduce. Also called Darwinian theory, it originally included the broad concepts of transmutation of species or of evolution which gained general scientific acceptance after Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859, including concepts which predated Darwin's theories. English biologist Thomas Henry Huxley coined the term Darwinism in April 1860.

Darwinism stricto sensu lacks a clear theory of inheritance, in contrast with later neo-Darwinian theories such as the modern synthesis (which integrates mendelian inheritance).
HAPSMobile
HAPSMobile is a wholly owned subsidiary of SoftBank planning to operate High Altitude Platform Station (HAPS) networks. HAPSMobile is developing the Hawk30 solar-powered unmanned aircraft for stratospheric telecommunications.

LTE (telecommunication)
In telecommunications, long-term evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless broadband communication for cellular mobile devices and data terminals. It is considered to be a "transitional" 4G technology, and is therefore also referred to as 3.95G as a step above 3G.

LTE is based on the 2G GSM/EDGE and 3G UMTS/HSPA standards. It improves on those standards' capacity and speed by using a different radio interface and core network improvements. LTE is the upgrade path for carriers with both GSM/UMTS networks and CDMA2000 networks. LTE has been succeeded by LTE Advanced, which is officially defined as a "true" 4G technology and also named "LTE+".
Aled Jenkins
Aled Jenkins (born 22 April 1990) is a Welsh rugby union player who plays for Ospreys regional team as a centre.

Jenkins made his debut for the Ospreys regional team in 2014 having previously played for Aberavon RFC, Bridgend Ravens, Mumbles RFC and Swansea RFC. Aled also gained international status by playing for Wales 7s.

He is the son of former Swansea RFC player, Gareth Jenkins.

Gareth Jenkins
Gareth John James Jenkins (born 11 September 1951) is a Welsh former rugby union player and coach. Born in Burry Port, Carmarthenshire, he played for Llanelli RFC for 17 years from his debut in September 1969. He was appointed coach of the club in 1982. In 2003, he was appointed as coach of the newly formed Llanelli Scarlets regional side, guiding them to the Celtic League title in their first season. Following the resignation of Steve Hansen as coach of the Wales national team, Jenkins applied for the position and was one of two finalists only for Mike Ruddock to be appointed without applying. Jenkins finally took over as Wales coach when Ruddock resigned during the 2006 Six Nations, but his tenure was unsuccessful, winning just six of his 20 games in charge. He was sacked on 30 September 2007, the day after Wales failed to qualify for the quarter-finals of the 2007 Rugby World Cup. He returned to the Scarlets as their head of regional development and recruitment in June 2008.
Nestorov Island
Nestorov Island (Bulgarian: Несторов остров, romanized: Nestorov ostrov, IPA: [ˈnɛstorof ˈɔstrof]) is the 374 m long in southeast-northwest direction and 120 m wide rocky island with surface area of 3 hectares (7.4 acres) lying off the northeast coast of Coronation Island in the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. It is “named after Captain Ivan Nestorov born in town of Rila-Bulgaria (1942-2001) who compiled a 1985 report on the Southwest Atlantic fisheries (including South Georgia and South Orkneys areas) commissioned by the management of the company Ocean Fisheries – Burgas and based on his experience gained while in command of the fishing trawler Argonavt and on Soviet and Polish data. The Bulgarian fishermen, along with those of the Soviet Union, Poland and East Germany are the pioneers of modern Antarctic fishing industry.”

Ocean Fisheries - Burgas
Ocean Fisheries – Burgas Co was a Bulgarian company founded in 1964 and based in the Black Sea port city of Burgas, whose ocean trawlers and freezer vessels undertook fishing voyages in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, including their southern portions now known as Antarctic Ocean. The fish was either sold in foreign fishing ports or shipped to Burgas and processed by the fish canning plant of Slavyanka Co.

In particular, ships of the company operated in the waters of South Georgia, Kerguelen, the South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula from 1970 to the early 1990s. Designated onboard teams of marine biologists undertook fisheries research off South Georgia and the South Orkney Islands. Those Bulgarian fishermen, along with those of the Soviet Union, Poland, and East Germany, were the pioneers of modern Antarctic fishing industry. Several dozen geographical features in Antarctica are named in association with the company.
Konrad Pałubicki
Konrad Józef Pałubicki (1910–1992) was a Polish composer, musicologist, teacher, cultural activist and animator in Gdańsk and Bydgoszcz. He created the hymn of Bydgoszcz and taught at the Academy of Music in Gdańsk and the Institute of Music Education of the Higher Pedagogical School in Bydgoszcz (today’s Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz).

Opera Nova Bydgoszcz
The Opera Nova is an opera house in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It was established in 1956, and it also plays the role of a musical theatre. It is one of the 10 opera houses in Poland and the only one of this size in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. Opera Nova also welcomes the scene of the Bydgoszcz Buratino Puppet Theatre.
Political repression in Imperial Japan
Political repression in Imperial Japan lasted from the Meiji period to the fall of the Empire of Japan after the end of World War II. Throughout this period, dissidence was curtailed by laws, and police, and dissidents became political prisoners.

Several laws were passed to curtail dissidence in Imperial Japan, including the Public Peace Police Law in 1900, and the Peace Preservation Law in 1925.

The earliest secret police in Imperial Japan was the Danjodai, established in May 1869. The Tokubetsu Kōtō Keisatsu (Tokko) was established in 1911 following the Great Treason Incident of 1910.

Peace Preservation Law
The Peace Preservation Law (治安維持法, Chian iji hō) was a Japanese law enacted on April 22, 1925, with the aim of allowing the Special Higher Police to more effectively suppress alleged socialists and communists. In addition to criminalizing forming an association with the aim of altering the kokutai ("national essence") of Japan, the law also explicitly criminalized criticism of the system of private property and became the centerpiece of a broad apparatus of thought control in Imperial Japan. Altogether, more than 70,000 people were arrested under the provisions of the law until its repeal by Allied occupation authorities at the end of World War II.
Malta Cricket Association
Malta Cricket Association is the official governing body of the sport of cricket in Malta. Its current headquarters is in Marsa, Malta. Malta Cricket Association is Malta's representative at the International Cricket Council and is an associate member and has been a member of that body since 1998. It is also a member of the ICC Europe (earlier the European Cricket Council).

European Cricket Council
The European Cricket Council (ECC) was an international body which oversaw cricket in European countries other than the Test-playing cricketing nation of England, the only European Full Member of the ICC for the duration of the ECC's existence until 2010. Since 2008, ICC Europe, the International Cricket Council region for Europe has succeeded the operations of ECC, akin to ICC East Asia-Pacific and ICC Americas.
Layering (finance)
Layering is a strategy in high-frequency trading where a trader makes and then cancels orders that they never intend to have executed in hopes of influencing the stock price. For instance, to buy stock at a lower price, the trader initially places orders to sell at or below the market ask price. This may cause the market's best ask price to fall as other market participants lower their asking prices because they perceive selling pressure as they see the sell orders being entered on the order book. The trader may place subsequent sell orders for the security at successively lower prices as the best ask price falls (to increase the appearance of selling interest). After the price has fallen sufficiently, the trader makes a real trade, buying the stock at the now lower best ask price, and cancels all the sell orders.  It is considered a form of stock market manipulation.

Market manipulation
In economics and finance, market manipulation occurs when someone intentionally alters the supply or demand of a security to influence its price. This can involve spreading misleading information, executing misleading trades, or manipulating quotes and prices.

Market manipulation is prohibited in most countries, in particular, it is prohibited in the United States under Section 9(a)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, in the European Union under Article 12 of the Market Abuse Regulation, in Australia under Section 1041A of the Corporations Act 2001, and in Israel under Section 54(a) of the securities act of 1968. In the US, market manipulation is also prohibited for wholesale electricity markets under Section 222 of the Federal Power Act and wholesale natural gas markets under Section 4A of the Natural Gas Act.

In India it is illegal under the SEBI (Prohibition of Fraudulent and Unfair Trade Practices relating to Securities Market) Regulations, 2003.
Lincoln City Centre
Lincoln City Centre is the historical and cultural area of Lincoln in Lincolnshire, England. It is defined as the areas along the city's High Street. Each part of the centre brings a differing main sector or sectors to the city with a small overlap between each area.

Lincoln railway station
Lincoln railway station (previously Lincoln Central) serves the city of Lincoln, in Lincolnshire, England. The station is owned by Network Rail and managed by East Midlands Railway, which provides the majority of services from the station, along with Northern Trains and London North Eastern Railway. It is the busiest station in the county and the fifth busiest in the East Midlands.

Lincoln Central bus station, the city's main bus station, lies within a couple of minutes' walk to the north-east of the station; it is easily accessed via a pedestrian crossing and pedestrianised plaza.
Queue area
Queue areas are places in which people queue (first-come, first-served)  for goods or services. Such a group of people is known as a queue (British usage) or line (American usage), and the people are said to be waiting or standing in a queue or in line, respectively. Occasionally, both the British and American terms are combined to form the term "queue line".

Examples include checking out groceries or other goods with a cashier, at a self service shop, at an ATM, at a ticket desk, a city bus, or in a taxi stand.

Queueing is a phenomenon in a number of fields, and has been extensively analysed in the study of queueing theory. In economics, queueing is seen as one way to ration scarce goods and services.

Department of motor vehicles
A department of motor vehicles (DMV) is a government agency that administers motor vehicle registration and driver licensing. In countries with federal states such as in North America, these agencies are generally administered by subnational entities, while in unitary states such as many of those in Europe, DMVs are organized nationally by the central government.
Melisa Nicolau
Melisa Nicolau Martín (born 20 June 1984), commonly known as Melisa or Mely, is a Spanish former footballer, who played as a defender for Primera División clubs Rayo Vallecano and FC Barcelona, as well as the Spain women's national football team.

She has been a member of the Spain women's national football team, playing the qualification stages for the 2007 World Cup, the 2009 European Championship and the 2011 World Cup.

In June 2013, national team coach Ignacio Quereda confirmed Melisa as a member of his 23-player squad for the UEFA Women's Euro 2013 finals in Sweden. She decided to end her nine-year national team career and retire from football after the tournament.

Copa de la Reina de Fútbol
The Copa de la Reina (Queen's Cup) is an annual cup competition for Spanish women's association football teams organized by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. Its full name is Campeonato de España - Copa de Su Majestad la Reina (Championship of Spain - Her Majesty the Queen's Cup).
Caritas Romania
The Caritas Romania Confederation (Romanian: Confederația Caritas România) or simply Caritas Romania, is a not-for-profit social welfare organisation in Romania. It is a service of the Catholic Church in Romania.

Caritas Romania is a member of both Caritas Europa and Caritas Internationalis.

Caritas Internationalis
Caritas Internationalis (Latin pronunciation: [kaː.ri.t̪as in̪.t̪er.nat̪.t̪͡s̪iˈɔː.na.lis]; lit. 'Charity International') is a confederation of 162 national Catholic relief, development, and social service organisations operating in over 200 countries and territories worldwide. The name Caritas Internationalis refers to both the global network of Caritas organisations and to its general secretariat based in Vatican City.

Collectively and individually, their missions are "to serve the poor and to promote charity and justice throughout the world". Caritas Internationalis is the second-largest international humanitarian aid network in the world after the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.
Elazar Stern
Elazar Stern (Hebrew: אֶלְעָזָר שְׁטֵרְן; born August 25, 1956) is an Israeli politician and military general. He was a major general (res.) in the Israel Defense Forces, serving as Head of the Manpower Directorate, commander of the IDF Officers Training School, and Chief Education Officer, as well as a combat soldier and commander in the Paratroopers Brigade. He has served as a Member of Knesset for eight years, first, as a member of the Hatnuah party, and then in 2015 he joined the Yesh Atid, and served as the Minister of Intelligence between 2021 and 2022.

Ministry of Intelligence (Israel)
The Ministry of Intelligence (Hebrew: משרד המודיעין, Misrad HaModi'in) was a government ministry in Israel. It oversaw policies related to the operation of the intelligence organizations, the Mossad and the Shabak (Israel Security Agency), in support of the national security of the State of Israel, in coordination with and under the guidance of the prime minister.
Dolicorhamphus
Dolicorhamphus is an extinct genus of pterosaurs from the Middle Jurassic Taynton Limestone Formation and Fuller's Earth Formations of England. The genus contains two species, D. bucklandii and D. depressirostris.

Rhamphorhynchidae
Rhamphorhynchidae is a group of early pterosaurs named after Rhamphorhynchus, that lived in the Late Jurassic. The family Rhamphorhynchidae was named in 1870 by Harry Govier Seeley. Members of the group possess no more than 11 pairs of teeth in the rostrum, a deltopectoral crest that is constricted at the base but expanded at the distal end, and a bent phalange on the fifth toe.

Rhamphorhynchidae traditionally contains two subfamilies: the Rhamphorhynchinae and the Scaphognathinae. While not recovered as distinct clades by all analyses, there do appear to be traits uniting members of each group. Rhamphorhynchines are more common, were lightly built, and had jaws ending in pointed tips that contained more teeth, which are often procumbent (pointed forward). Scaphognathines are comparatively quite rare, were more robust skeletally, and had shorter wing proportions. The broad-tipped skulls of scaphognathines held fewer teeth which were widely spaced and vertically oriented in the jaw.
La Motte-Picquet–Grenelle station
La Motte-Picquet–Grenelle (French pronunciation: [la mɔt pikɛ ɡʁənɛl]) is a station of the Paris Métro, at the interconnection of line 6, line 8, and line 10 in the 15th arrondissement. The station combines underground and elevated platforms. It is a major métro interchange on the Rive Gauche, the biggest west of Montparnasse.

Paris Métro Line 2
Paris Métro Line 2 (French: Ligne 2 du métro de Paris) is one of the sixteen currently open lines of the Paris Métro. Situated almost entirely above the former customs barrier around the capital (Boulevards extérieurs), it runs in a semicircle in the north of Paris.

As its name suggests, Line 2 was the second line of the Métro network to open, with the first section put into service on 13 December 1900, as a branch of the Line 1. It adopted its current configuration on 2 April 1903, running between Porte Dauphine and Nation. There have been no changes in its layout since then.

At 12.3 km (7.6 mi) in length,: 12  it is the ninth-busiest line of the system, with 105.2 million riders in 2017. Slightly over 2 km (1.2 mi) of the line is built on an elevated viaduct with four aerial stations. In 1903, it was the location of the worst incident in the history of the Paris Métro, the fire at Couronnes.
Petrella Tifernina
Petrella Tifernina is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Campobasso. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,280 and an area of 26.4 square kilometres (10.2 sq mi).

Petrella Tifernina borders the following municipalities: Castellino del Biferno, Limosano, Lucito, Matrice, Montagano.

Campobasso
Campobasso (UK: /ˌkæmpoʊˈbæsoʊ/, Italian: [ˌkampoˈbasso] ⓘ; Campobassan: Cambuàsce [ˌkambuˈwaʃʃə]) is a city and comune in southern Italy, the capital of the region of Molise and of the province of Campobasso. It is located in the high basin of the Biferno river, surrounded by the Sannio and Matese mountains.

Campobasso is renowned for the craftsmanship of blades (including scissors and knives), a fact well documented since the 14th century. It is also famous for the production of pears and scamorza (cheese). The city is home to the University of Molise and the Archdiocese of Campobasso-Boiano.