hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dorothy Chacko
Dorothy Dunning Chacko (1904 – December 30, 1992) was an American social worker, humanitarian and medical doctor, whose efforts were reported behind the establishment of a lepers' colony at Bethany village, in Ganaur, Sonepat district in the Indian state of Haryana. She was a Hall of Famer of the County of Delaware, Pennsylvania a recipient of the Take the Lead Honour from the Girl Scouts of Eastern Pennsylvania and the Smith College Medal. She was honoured by the Government of India in 1972 with Padma Shri, the fourth highest Indian civilian award.

YWCA
The Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) is a nonprofit organization with a focus on empowerment, leadership, and rights of women, young women, and girls in more than 100 countries.

The World office is currently based in Le Grand-Saconnex, Canton of Geneva, Switzerland, and the nonprofit is headquartered in Washington, DC.

The YWCA is independent of the YMCA, but a few local and national YMCA and YWCA associations have merged into YM/YWCAs or YMCA-YWCAs and belong to both organizations, while providing the programs from each (e.g. Sweden did so in 1966).
Naannawa Shashamane (woreda)
Naannawa Shashamane is a woreda in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. It is named after the town of Shashamene what was separated from this woreda. Part of the West Arsi Zone located in the Great Rift Valley, Shashamene is bordered on the south by the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, on the west by Shala, on the north by Arsi Negele, on the east by the Kore, and on the southeast by Kofele. The largest town in Shashamene is Kuyera.

Kofele (district)
Kofele is one of the Districts in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is named after the administrative center of the District, Kofele. Part of the West Arsi Zone, Kofele is bordered on the south by the Kokosa, on the west by the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region, on the northwest by the Shashamene(District), on the north by Kore, on the east by Gedeb Asasa, and on the south east by Dodola. Other towns in Kofele include Wabe Gefersa.
Kazakh presidential elections
Presidential elections in Kazakhstan determine who will serve as the President of Kazakhstan for a seven-year term. Following the constitutional reforms of 2022, the president is now limited to a single, non-renewable seven-year term. Prior to this, from 2011 to 2019, presidents could serve five-year terms with the possibility of re-election. Before that, from 1991 to 2005, the presidential term lasted seven years, with varying limits.

Since the establishment of the presidency in 1990, Kazakh presidential elections have been held in 1991, 1999, 2005, 2011, 2015, 2019, and 2022. The next election is expected to take place in 2029, barring any changes or early elections.

Presidential elections in Kazakhstan are conducted by direct popular vote. While elections have regularly been held, international observers and critics have often raised concerns about the fairness of the electoral process, citing limited political competition and restrictions on opposition candidates.

2005 Kazakh presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Kazakhstan on 4 December 2005. Incumbent president Nursultan Nazarbayev, in power since 1989, sought and won a 3rd term against four other candidates. Opposition candidates were allowed some access to the mass media, but this was still restricted. According to western election observers, opposition candidates also suffered considerable harassment. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) criticized the elections, calling them unfair, but noted improvements.
10th Bomber Division (People's Republic of China)
The 10th Bomber Division or 10th Air Division (10th AD, Chinese: 空军航空兵第十师; pinyin: Kōngjūn Hángkōngbīng dì Shí Shī, Unit 94810) of the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) is an air formation of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The 10th Bomber Division has been accorded the honorary titles of "Model Bomber Group" (模范轰炸机大队) and "Red Banner Division" (红旗师) and is the PLAAF's unit of choice to send to international skills competitions.

As one of only three bomber divisions of the PLAAF and the only bomber division assigned to the Eastern Theater Command Air Force, the 10th Bomber Division is almost certainly responsible for providing strategic bombing support capabilities to a potential conflict in the East China Sea including Korea, Japan, or, principally, one involving Taiwan.

Shaanxi Y-8
The Shaanxi Y-8 or Yunshuji-8 (Chinese: 运-8; pinyin: Yùn Bā) aircraft is a medium-size, medium-range transport aircraft produced by Shaanxi Aircraft Corporation in China, based on the Soviet Antonov An-12. It has become one of China's most popular military and civilian transport/cargo aircraft, with many variants produced and exported. Although the An-12 is no longer made in Ukraine, the Chinese Y-8 continues to be upgraded and produced. An estimated 169 Y-8 aircraft had been built by 2010.
Adverbial case
The adverbial case (abbreviated ADV) is a noun case in Abkhaz and Georgian with a function similar to that of the translative and essive cases in Finnic languages. It is also featured in Udmurt.

The term is sometimes used to refer to the ablative case of other languages.

Ablative case
In grammar, the ablative case (pronounced /ˈæblətɪv/ AB-lə-tiv; abbreviated abl) is a grammatical case for nouns, pronouns, and adjectives in the grammars of various languages. It is used to indicate motion away from something. In different languages it can additionally serve various other purposes, e.g., to make comparisons (in Armenian). The word "ablative" derives from the Latin ablatus, the (suppletive) perfect, passive participle of auferre "to carry away".

The ablative case is found in several language families, such as Indo-European (e.g. Sanskrit, Latin, Albanian, Armenian,  Punjabi), Turkic (e.g. Turkish, Turkmen, Azerbaijani, Uzbek, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tatar), Tungusic (e.g. Manchu, Evenki), Uralic (e.g. Hungarian), and the Dravidian languages. There is no ablative case in modern Germanic languages such as German and English. There was an ablative case in the early stages of Ancient Greek, but it quickly fell into disuse by the classical period.
Dinakan
Dinakan (Persian: دينكان, also Romanized as Dīnakān) is a Township in Derak town District, in the Central District of Shiraz County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,515, in 682 families.

Derak Rural District
Derak Rural District (Persian: دهستان دراك) is in the Central District of Shiraz County, Fars province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Shiraz. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Sadeqiyeh.
Mashour Haditha Al-Jazy
Mashour Haditha al-Jazy (1 January 1928 – 6 November 2001) was a Jordanian military officer  and Chief of Staff of the Jordanian Armed Forces from 1970 to 1971. He is best known for his participation in the Six-Day War and the Battle of Karameh.

Huwaytat
The Huwaytat (Arabic: الحويطات al-Ḥuwayṭāt, Northwest Arabian dialect: ál-Ḥwēṭāt) are a large Hashemite Ashraf tribe descending from Husayn ibn Ali that inhabits areas of present-day southern Jordan, the Sinai Peninsula and Sharqia governate in Egypt, the Negev in Israel, and northwestern Saudi Arabia. The Huwaytat have several branches, notably the Ibn Jazi, the Abu Tayi, the Anjaddat, and the Sulaymanniyin, in addition to a number of associated tribes.
Pig-Heart Boy
Pig-Heart Boy is a children's novel by Malorie Blackman, which was first published in 1997. It shows the life of a teenage boy who undergoes a heart transplant. It was shortlisted for the Carnegie Medal and adapted into a television series, which was broadcast by Children's BBC in 1999.

Thirteen-year-old Cameron Kelsey has a serious heart condition and really needs a new heart. He gets the opportunity to get a new heart but it’s not a human heart, it’s a pig heart. He under goes the surgery, but it fails: the heart doesn't work, and he undergoes different surgeries.

BBC Children's and Education
BBC Children's and Education is the BBC division responsible for media content for children in the UK. Since the launch of specially dedicated television channels in 2002, the services have been marketed under two brands. CBBC (short for Children's BBC or initialed for Children's British Broadcasting Corporation) is aimed at children aged between 6 and 12, and CBeebies offers content for younger viewers.

Unlike CBeebies, the CBBC brand predates the launch of these channels all the way back to when it was just a children's block on the main channel BBC, when it was also the brand name used for all of the BBC's children's programmes. CBBC broadcasts from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm (previously 7:00 am to 9:00 pm from 16 April 2016 until 4 January 2022) and CBeebies broadcasts from 6:00 am to 7:00 pm, respectively timesharing with BBC Three for CBBC and BBC Four for CBeebies. The brands also have dedicated websites, social media channels, and over-the-top media services on BBC iPlayer.
Ave Maria (Vavilov)
"Ave Maria" is an aria composed by Vladimir Vavilov around 1970 and often misattributed to Italian composer Giulio Caccini. Vavilov published and recorded it himself in 1970 on the Melodiya label with the ascription "Anonymous".

It is believed that organist Mark Shakhin, one of the performers on the original LP, first ascribed the work to Caccini after Vavilov's death, and gave the "newly-discovered" scores to other musicians. However, because Mark Shakhin died in 1970, predating Vladimir Vavilov's death, it is impossible that Shakhin was the one who disseminated the claim that this "Ave Maria" was Caccini's composition after Vavilov had died.

The organist Oleg Yanchenko then made an arrangement of the aria for a recording by Irina Arkhipova in 1987, after which the piece came to be famous worldwide.

Aria
In music, an aria (/ˈɑːriə/ ⓘ, Italian: [ˈaːrja]; pl.: arie, Italian: [ˈaːrje]; arias in common usage; diminutive form: arietta, Italian: [aˈrjetta]; pl.: ariette; in English simply air) is a self-contained piece for one voice, with or without instrumental or orchestral accompaniment, normally part of a larger work.

The typical context for arias is opera, but vocal arias also feature in oratorios and cantatas, or they can be stand-alone concert arias. The term was originally used to refer to any expressive melody, usually, but not always, performed by a singer.
Women in Namibia
Women in Namibia face challenges in their health, gender based violence, and access to education. The government of Namibia is taking steps to provide women with equal rights to a degree that is largely unparalleled in Sub-Saharan Africa, including the promise of gender equality and increased parliament representation in the Namibian constitution. Women currently serve in nearly half of all seats in parliament and the first female Prime Minister was elected in 2015.

Prime Minister of Namibia
The prime minister of the Republic of Namibia is the leader of the Government of Namibia. The prime minister is appointed by the president and coordinates the work of the Cabinet. They also advise and assist the president in the execution of the functions of government.
2014 Scottish Open Grand Prix
The 2014 Scottish Open was the seventeenth grand prix badminton tournament of the 2014 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament was held in Emirates Arena, Glasgow, Scotland from 19 until 23 November 2014 and had a total purse of $50,000. This tournament supported by the Glasgow City Council, Event Scotland, and Yonex.

Scottish Open (badminton)
The Scottish Open in badminton is an open international championships held in Scotland since 1907 and is thereby one of the oldest badminton tournaments in the world. The tournament was halted during the two World Wars.
Valentine Walter Bromley
Valentine Walter Bromley (14 February 1848 – 30 April 1877) was a British artist. He was born into a well-known family of artists: his father William Bromley III was a painter, his grandfather John Charles Bromley was an engraver, and his great-grandfather William Bromley was also an engraver.

Valentine Bromley received his art education from his father, William Bromley (III), a member of the Institute of British Artists. At the age of nineteen, he became an Associate of the Institute of Painters in Water-Colours.

A frequent art correspondent for The Illustrated London News, Bromley also worked as a book-illustrator; among other works, he illustrated Lord Dunraven's 'Great Divide'.

Bromley died unexpectedly at the age of twenty-nine at Fallows Green, Harpenden, after undertaking an important series of illustrations of the Bible and the works of Shakespeare.

His brothers John Mallard Bromley and William John Bromley were also painters.

William Bromley (engraver)
William Bromley (1769–1842) was a British engraver. Bromley, who was born at Carisbrooke on the Isle of Wight, was apprenticed to an engraver named J G Wooding in London, and soon attracted favorable notice.

Of his early works the most popular are the prints in 'Macklin's Bible,' and his engravings of Stothard's designs illustrating the 'History of England.' He engraved also two of Sir Thomas Lawrence's portraits of the Duke of Wellington, and one of the young Napoleon.

Bromley was elected an associate engraver of the Royal Academy in 1819, and was employed for many years by the trustees of the British Museum in engraving the Elgin Marbles after drawings by Henry Corbould (1787–1844).

His sons, John Charles Bromley and James Bromley, were also engravers. His grandson, William Bromley III, was a painter.
Martin Óg Morrissey
Martin Óg Morrissey (1934 – 19 December 2024) was an Irish hurler, Gaelic footballer and selector. At club level he played as a dual player with Mount Sion, and also lined out at inter-county level with various Waterford teams.

Waterford Senior Football Championship
Waterford Senior Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football competition between the top Waterford clubs.

The winners of the Waterford Championship qualify to represent their county in the Munster Senior Club Football Championship, the winners of which progress to the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship.

The current senior football champions are Rathgormack who defeated The Nire in the 2025 final.
Maruyama Park
Maruyama Park (円山公園, Maruyama kōen) is a park in Kyoto, Japan. It is noted as the main center for cherry blossom viewing in Kyoto, and can get extremely crowded at that time of year (April). The park's star attraction is a weeping cherry tree (shidarezakura) which becomes lit up at night. It also becomes busy in the New Year's Eve Festivals.

The main entrance to the park is through Yasaka Shrine, which sits at the eastern end of Shijō Street in the Gion District. Directly to the north (and abutting the park) is the vast temple of Chion-in, followed by the smaller temple of Shōren-in. The park is a nationally designated Place of Scenic Beauty.

Gion
35°00′13″N 135°46′30″E﻿ / ﻿35.003496°N 135.775051°E﻿ / 35.003496; 135.775051

Gion (祇園) is a district of Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto, Japan, originating as an entertainment district in the Sengoku period, in front of Yasaka Shrine (Gion Shrine). The district was built to accommodate the needs of travellers and visitors to the shrine. It eventually evolved to become one of the most exclusive and well-known geisha districts in all of Japan. Gion is the Japanese translation (via Chinese Qiyuan) of the Buddhist term Jetavana. Yasaka Shrine, located in this district is the center of the Gion faith.

The geisha in Kyoto do not refer to themselves as geisha, instead using the local term 'geiko'. While the term geisha means "artist" or "person of the arts", the more direct term geiko means essentially "a woman of art".
Buffeljagsrivier
Buffeljagsrivier is a small town in the Swellendam Local Municipality in the Western Cape of South Africa. The town gets its name from the Buffeljags River. The town is about 7 km east of Swellendam and 13 km south-west of Suurbraak.

As of 2011, the town's population was 1,439 people living in 355 households.

Swellendam
Swellendam (Afrikaans: [ˈsvæləndam]) is the third oldest town in South Africa (after Cape Town and Stellenbosch), a town with 17,537 inhabitants situated in the Western Cape province. The town has over 50 provincial heritage sites, most of them buildings of Cape Dutch architecture. Swellendam is situated on the N2, approximately 220 km (140 miles) from both Cape Town and George.
Glasswort
The glassworts are various succulent, annual halophytic plants, that is, plants that thrive in saline environments, such as seacoasts and salt marshes. The original English glasswort plants belong to the genus Salicornia, but today the glassworts include halophyte plants from several genera, some of which are native to continents unknown to the medieval English, and growing in ecosystems, such as mangrove swamps, never envisioned when the term glasswort was coined.

The common name "glasswort" came into use in the 16th century to describe plants growing in England whose ashes could be used for making soda-based (as opposed to potash-based) glass.

Halophyte
A halophyte is a salt-tolerant plant that grows in soil or waters of high salinity, coming into contact with saline water through its roots or by salt spray, such as in saline semi-deserts, mangrove swamps, marshes and sloughs, and seashores. The word derives from Ancient Greek ἅλας (halas) 'salt' and φυτόν (phyton) 'plant'. Halophytes have different anatomy, physiology and biochemistry than glycophytes. An example of a halophyte is the salt marsh grass Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass). Relatively few plant species are halophytes—perhaps only 2% of all plant species.

The large majority of plant species are glycophytes, which are not salt-tolerant and are damaged fairly easily by high salinity.
George Wallace Gouinlock
George Wallace Gouinlock (August 1, 1861 – February 13, 1932) was a prominent Canadian architect. Gouinlock practiced mostly in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, including several designated buildings at Exhibition Place.

His son George Roper Gouinlock (1896–1979) also practised architecture. Son Robert Watson Gouinlock (1892-1966) was a Captain with the Canadian Engineers and served in World War I. Robert was a civil engineer.

R. H. King Academy
R. H. King Academy, formerly known as Scarborough High School, Scarborough Collegiate Institute and R.H. King Collegiate Institute is a secondary school and a de facto alternative school located in Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, part of the Toronto District School Board. The school was established in 1922, then became a collegiate in 1930, renamed in 1954 and again in 1989. This school was named after Reginald Harold King (February 16, 1896 – November 4, 1962), a Canadian educator and classicist.

It was the first secondary school built in the former township of Scarborough and second-oldest surviving institution in Scarborough, after Agincourt Collegiate Institute. The R. H. King school motto is "Per Ardua Sapientia" which translates into Through the hard task of wisdom.
Blazing Birds
Blazing Birds is a badminton-like action-sports video game developed by Vector 2 Games (now Silver Dollar Games) and published by Microsoft Games Studios. It was released on May 20, 2009, worldwide for the Xbox 360 (Xbox Live Arcade).

Sports video game
A sports video game is a video game that simulates the practice of sports. Most sports have been recreated with video games, including team sports, track and field, extreme sports, and combat sports. Some games emphasize playing the sport (such as EA Sports FC, eFootball, EA Sports F1, EA Sports WRC, NBA 2K and TopSpin 2K25), whilst others emphasize strategy and sport management (such as Football Manager and Out of the Park Baseball). Some, such as Need for Speed, Arch Rivals and Punch-Out!!, satirize the sport for comic effect. This genre has been popular throughout the history of video games and is competitive, just like real-world sports. A number of game series feature the names and characteristics of real teams and players, and are updated annually to reflect real-world changes. The sports genre is one of the oldest genres in gaming history.
Cacaopera language
Cacaopera is an extinct language belonging to the Misumalpan family, formerly spoken in the department of Morazán in El Salvador by the Cacaopera people. It was closely related to Matagalpa, and slightly more distantly to Sumo, but was geographically separated from other Misumalpan languages.

The last semi-speakers of Cacaopera lived in the 1970s. All native speakers had died before this time.

Sumo languages
Sumo (also known as Sumu) is the collective name for a group of Misumalpan languages spoken in Nicaragua and Honduras. Hale & Salamanca (2001) classify the Sumu languages into a northern Mayangna, composed of the Tawahka and Panamahka dialects, and southern Ulwa. Sumu specialist Ken Hale considered the differences between Ulwa and Mayangna in both vocabulary and morphology to be so considerable that he prefers to speak of Ulwa as a language distinct from the northern Sumu varieties.
Bird codes
Bird codes, also known as banding codes or alpha codes, are four-letter abbreviations for bird names used by bird banders, ornithologists, and birdwatchers in North and Central America.  The codes are written in capital letters, and look like, e.g., MODO for mourning dove.

There are two very similar systems of these codes currently in use, one maintained by the Bird Banding Laboratory (BBL) of the North American Bird Banding Program, and the other by the Institute for Bird Populations (IBP).  The codes used by the two systems are the same for most birds, but not for all.

North American Bird Banding Program
The North American Bird Banding Program (NABBP), along with its Bird Banding Laboratory (BBL), has its home at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center.  The program is jointly administered by the Canadian Wildlife Service (and its Bird Banding Office) and the United States Geological Survey.  The program is responsible for many aspects of bird banding in the United States and Canada: it grants permits to bird banders, fills orders for bands of various sizes, collects data from banding stations, receives reports from people who have found birds carrying bands, and makes its database available to appropriate parties.

The Patuxent center also operates its own banding station on the refuge grounds.
Potsdam Hauptbahnhof
Potsdam Hauptbahnhof is the main station in the German city of Potsdam, capital of the state of Brandenburg. It lies on the Berlin–Magdeburg railway and was founded in 1838. However, it has had this name only since 1999. It was originally called Bahnhof Potsdam (Potsdam station) and it was called Potsdam Stadt (city) station from 1960. The station is the terminus of line S7 of the Berlin S-Bahn, which comes from Ahrensfelde. It is also connected with the central bus station, which is a transfer point between Potsdam and the southwestern region of Berlin, and has a stop on the Potsdam tram network. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 2 station.

Ahrensfelde station
Ahrensfelde station is a station serving regional and S-Bahn services in the Berlin borough of Marzahn-Hellersdorf. It is located on the border of Berlin just outside the municipality of Ahrensfelde, which is in the state of Brandenburg. The station has three platform edges, one side platform for the S-Bahn, and an island platform for Regionalbahn and S-Bahn services.