hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Blue bottle experiment
The blue bottle experiment is a color-changing redox chemical reaction. An aqueous solution containing glucose, sodium hydroxide, methylene blue is prepared in a closed bottle containing some air. Upon standing, it spontaneously turns from blue to colorless due to reduction of methylene blue by the alkaline glucose solution. However, shaking the bottle oxidizes methylene blue back into its blue form. With further shaking, this color-change cycle can be repeated many times. This experiment is a classic chemistry demonstration that can be used in laboratory courses as a general chemistry experiment to study chemical kinetics and reaction mechanism. The reaction also works with other reducing agents besides glucose and other redox indicator dyes besides methylene blue.

Dicarbonyl
In organic chemistry, a dicarbonyl is a molecule containing two carbonyl (C=O) groups. Although this term could refer to any organic compound containing two carbonyl groups, it is used more specifically to describe molecules in which both carbonyls are in close enough proximity that their reactivity is changed, such as 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-dicarbonyls. Their properties often differ from those of monocarbonyls, and so they are usually considered functional groups of their own. These compounds can have symmetrical or unsymmetrical substituents on each carbonyl, and may also be functionally symmetrical (dialdehydes, diketones, diesters, etc.) or unsymmetrical (keto-esters, keto-acids, etc.).
Church of St. John Berchmans, Etterbeek
The Church of St. John Berchmans (French: Église Saint-Jean-Berchmans; Dutch: Sint-Jan-Berchmanskerk) is the Catholic church of St. Michael's College in Etterbeek, a municipality of Brussels, Belgium. Founded by the Society of Jesus at the turn of the 20th century, the church is dedicated to the Jesuit Saint John Berchmans.

Etterbeek
Etterbeek (French: [etœʁbek, -bɛk] ⓘ; Dutch: [ˈɛtərˌbeːk] ⓘ) is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the eastern part of the region, it is bordered by the municipalities of Auderghem, the City of Brussels, Ixelles, Schaerbeek, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert and Woluwe-Saint-Pierre. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch).
Pogostone
Pogostone or dhelwangin is a naturally occurring organic compound with the formula C12H16O4. Classified as a secondary metabolite, primarily found in patchouli, a member of the mint family Lamiaceae. This plant has historically been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat ailments such as the common cold, nausea, diarrhea, headache, and fever, and is also applied for its antifungal properties. Pogostone was first identified in 1969 as the major antimicrobial constituent of Pogostemonis Herba, the dried aerial parts of patchouli used in herbal preparations.

Antifungal
An antifungal medication, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Such drugs are usually obtained by a doctor's prescription, but a few are available over the counter (OTC). The evolution of antifungal resistance is a growing threat to health globally.
Korba Municipal Corporation
Korba Municipal Corporation (KMC) is the Municipal Corporation for the city of Chhattisgarh. The functions of KMC include the administration of the civic infrastructure and   in the city of Korba, Chhattisgarh. Municipal Corporation mechanism in India was introduced during British Rule with formation of municipal corporation in Madras (Chennai) in 1688, later followed by municipal corporations in Bombay (Mumbai) and Calcutta (Kolkata) by 1762. The organization is known, in short, as KMC. This civic administrative body administers an area of 215.02 km2 (250.29 sq mi). KMC is  by shri Ashutosh pandey Commissioner and Sanju Devi Rajput the Mayor.

Korba, Chhattisgarh
Korba is a city and an industrial area in Korba District in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. Korba was part of Bilaspur District before 25 May 1998. It was later designated as a separate district for ease of administration, but is still under Bilaspur Division.
Fillemon Elifas Shuumbwa
Fillemon Elifas Shuumbwa (October 10, 1932 – August 16, 1975) was the omukwaniilwa (or chief) of Ondonga and chief minister of Ovamboland (1972–75). The Ondonga tribal area is situated around Namutoni on the eastern edge of Etosha pan in today's northern Namibia. He was assassinated in 1975 at Onamagongwa and buried in Olikondo.

Ondonga
Ondonga is a traditional kingdom of the Ovambo people in what is today northern Namibia. Its capital is Ondangwa, and the kingdom's palace is at  Onambango. Its people call themselves Aandonga. They speak the Ndonga dialect. The Ondonga kingdom is ruled by an Omukwaniilwa (king), assisted by a council of elders, the Ondonga Traditional Authority. After the death of king Immanuel Kauluma Elifas in March 2019, Fillemon Shuumbwa Nangolo was appointed as successor and subsequently recognised by government.
Jianxing Township, Yunnan
Jianxing Township (simplified Chinese: 建兴乡; traditional Chinese: 建興鄉; pinyin: Jiànxīng Xiāng) is a township in Xinping Yi and Dai Autonomous County, Yunnan province, China. As of 2018, it has one residential community and 6 villages under its administration.

Xinping Yi and Dai Autonomous County
Xinping Yi and Dai Autonomous County (Chinese: 新平彝族傣族自治县; pinyin: Xīnpíng Yízú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn) is an autonomous county located in the central part of Yunnan Province, China. It is the westernmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Yuxi. It borders Eshan County and Shiping County to the east; Yuanjiang County and Mojiang County to the south; Zhenyuan County to the west; and Shuangbai County to the north.
Beauty and the Beast (strongman competition)
The Beauty and The Beast Strongman Challenge, also known as the Beauty and The Beast World Strongman Challenge was a short-lived annual strongman competition that was notable for the calibre of the entrants it attracted, as well as for the reputation it attained in a short amount of time.

GNC Grip Gauntlet
The GNC Grip Gauntlet (officially GNC Pro Performance Grip Gauntlet) was a strength athletics contest that tested the grip strength of athletes over three disciplines, each designed to test one of the three recognized facets of hand strength: crushing; pinching and supporting.

It was developed by brothers Brad Gillingham and Wade Gillingham and became an internationally recognised contest featured at some of the world's most prominent strength athletics events and expos, including the Arnold Strongman Classic and various WSM Super Series Grand Prix's. The last time the GNC Grip Gauntlet was run in a competitive format was the 2010 Arnold Classic. Since then it has changed to an informal challenge with no official results maintained. Prizes are still awarded for successful completion of the challenge.
23rd Street station (Sacramento)
23rd Street is a side platformed Sacramento RT light rail station in the Midtown neighborhood of Sacramento, California, United States. The station was opened on September 5, 1987, and is operated by the Sacramento Regional Transit District. It is served by the Gold Line. The station is located at the intersection of 23rd and R Streets. It also serves a portion of the Richmond Grove neighborhood.

Gold Line (SacRT)
The Gold Line is a light rail transit line in the Sacramento Regional Transit District (SacRT) light rail system.  Operating between Sacramento Valley and Historic Folsom stations, the line runs primarily east-west in Sacramento (including downtown, Midtown, East Sacramento), portions of unincorporated Sacramento County, Rancho Cordova, Gold River and Folsom. Segments of the Gold Line run along the system's original alignment between 16th Street and Butterfield stations, which opened for service in 1987. The line has run in its modern configuration since June 2005, with extensions completed since then to Folsom and the downtown Amtrak station.
Sam Kenyon
Sam Kenyon (fl. 1855–1874) was a British jockey who was British Champion jockey in 1866, riding 123 winners.  He has been described as "the most fashionable lightweight [jockey] of the mid-Victorian period."  Amongst his key victories were the City and Suburban Handicap on Delight, the Manchester Cup on Retrousse, the Liverpool Autumn Cup on Beeswing and the Goodwood Stakes and Doncaster Cup on Rama.  He never won a Classic, but it has been suggested he would have won th 1869 2,000 Guineas on Belladrum, if he had not defied trainer's orders.

British flat racing Champion Jockey
The champion jockey of flat racing in Great Britain is the rider who has the most wins during a season. For most of its existence, the jockeys championship was decided on the number of winners ridden between Lincoln Handicap Day and November Handicap Day, the traditional flat turf season. In 2015, it was announced that the title would be decided over a reduced timescale – the start of the Guineas Meeting and British Champions Day, roughly 24 instead of 32 weeks.

A prize of £25,000 to the champion jockey and £10,000 to the runner up was also introduced as part of the 2015 changes.

The championship was sponsored for the first time in 2009 by online casino 32Red and is currently sponsored by Stobart Group.
441 BC
Year 441 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Fusus and Crassus (or, less frequently, year 313 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 441 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

King Si of Zhou
King Si of Zhou (Chinese: 周思王; pinyin: Zhōu Sī Wáng), personal name Ji Shuxi, was a king of the Chinese Zhou dynasty.

He gained the throne in 441 BC by killing his older brother King Ai, but he was in turn killed by his younger brother King Kao after only five months of rule.
1975 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1975 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 85th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Thurles Sarsfields were the defending champions.

Moneygall won the championship after a 3–13 to 0–05 defeat of Kilruane MacDonaghs in a final replay at Semple Stadium. It was their first ever championship title.

1974 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1974 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 84th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887. The championship ran from 19 May to 13 October 1974.

Roscrea entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 13 October 1974 at Semple Stadium in Thurles, between Thurles Sarsfields and Silvermines, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Thurles Sarsfields won the match by 3–06 to 1–10 to claim their 28th championship title overall and a first title in nine years.
Haynes, Alberta
Haynes is a hamlet in central Alberta, Canada within Lacombe County. It is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north of Highway 11, approximately 28 kilometres (17 mi) east of Red Deer.

The hamlet takes its name from nearby Haynes Creek.

Lacombe County
Lacombe County is a municipal district in southern Alberta, Canada. It is within Census Division No. 8 north of the City of Red Deer. Its municipal office is 4 km (2.5 mi) west of Highway 2 and the City of Lacombe, and 6 km (3.7 mi) east of the Summer Village of Gull Lake, at the intersection of Highway 12 and Spruceville Road (Range Road 274).
Queen Máxima of the Netherlands
Máxima (born Máxima Zorreguieta on 17 May 1971) is Queen of the Netherlands as the wife of King Willem-Alexander.

Argentine by birth, she worked in finance when she met Willem-Alexander, eldest son and heir apparent of Queen Beatrix, in 1999. They married in 2002, and became king and queen on the abdication of her mother-in-law on 30 April 2013. Máxima has promoted social integration of immigrants, LGBTQ rights, and financial inclusion. She and Willem-Alexander have three daughters, Princesses Catharina-Amalia, Alexia, and Ariane, who are first, second, and third, respectively, in the line of succession.

Union Bancaire Privée UK
51°30′41″N 0°5′0″W﻿ / ﻿51.51139°N 0.08333°W﻿ / 51.51139; -0.08333

Union Bancaire Privée UK is a private bank owned by Union Bancaire Privée that offers financial services from offices throughout the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Gibraltar.
George Richard Vasey
George Richard Vasey (1853–1921) was an American botanical collector who collected in at least nine U.S. states including California, North Carolina, and Washington. His specimens are labeled with the name G. R. Vasey. Based on the number of his specimens described as new species, the historian Joseph Ewan remarked "he must have had a hawk eye for plant prey". He was the son of Dr. George Vasey, a physician and botanist. The botanical activities of father and son overlapped in time, so the two men are often confused.

Steptoe, Washington
Steptoe is a small unincorporated rural town in Whitman County, Washington, United States. The ZIP Code for Steptoe is 99111.

A post office called Steptoe was established in 1875. The community is named after Colonel Edward Steptoe for a battle located north of Steptoe near Rosalia, Washington.

U.S. Route 195 runs through Steptoe, connecting it with the county seat, Colfax, 11 miles to the south and the region's largest city, Spokane, 43 miles to the north. Steptoe Butte rises to a peak more than 1,000 feet above the otherwise rolling Palouse grasslands four miles northeast of the community.
1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team
The 1914 Pittsburgh Panthers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Pittsburgh as an independent during the 1914 college football season. In its second season under head coach Joseph Duff, the team compiled an 8–1 record and outscored all opponents by a total of 207 to 38.

1914 Washington & Jefferson Red and Black football team
The 1914 Washington & Jefferson Red and Black football team was an American football team that represented Washington & Jefferson College as an independent during the 1914 college football season. Led by third-year head Bob Folwell, Washington & Jefferson compiled a record of 10–1.
George Cosmas Adyebo
George Cosmas Adyebo (18 June 1947 – 19 November 2000) was a Ugandan politician and economist who was Prime Minister of Uganda from 1991 to 1994.

Adyebo became prime minister on 22 January 1991, succeeding Samson Kisekka, who  became vice-president. Adyebo served as prime minister for nearly four years, until 18 November 1994.

Samson Kisekka
Samson Babi Mululu Kisekka (23 June 1912 – 25 October 1999) was a Ugandan politician who was Prime Minister of Uganda from 1986 to 1991 and the fifth Vice President of Uganda from 1991 to 1994. He also worked as a medical doctor and diplomat. He was closely associated with Yoweri Museveni.
1985 Tirreno–Adriatico
The 1985 Tirreno–Adriatico was the 20th edition of the Tirreno–Adriatico cycle race and was held from 7 March to 13 March 1985. The race started in Santa Marinella and finished in San Benedetto del Tronto. The race was won by Joop Zoetemelk of the Kwantum team.

Tirreno–Adriatico
Tirreno–Adriatico, nicknamed the "Race of the Two Seas", is an elite road cycling stage race in Italy, run between the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic coasts. Traditionally held in the early part of the season, and usually counter-programmed with the Paris-Nice/'Race to the Sun', it is considered to be an important preparation for the Giro d'Italia. It is part of the UCI World Tour, cycling's highest level of professional men's races.

First held in 1966, the race was held over three stages. Since 2002 it is held over seven stages. Except for the first edition, the last stage has always finished in San Benedetto del Tronto on the Adriatic Seaside. Belgian Roger De Vlaeminck holds the record for most wins with six consecutive victories in the 1970s. Italian Francesco Moser also finished six times on the podium and won the race twice.
Thanh Hóa province
Thanh Hóa is the northernmost coastal province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam. It borders Sơn La, Hòa Bình, and Ninh Bình to the north, Nghệ An to the south, Laos to the west with a boundary of over 192 kilometres (119 mi) long, and the South China Sea (Gulf of Tonkin) to the east.

Ninh Bình province
Ninh Bình (Vietnamese pronunciation: [nīɲ ɓìɲ]) is a province of Vietnam in the Red River Delta region. The province is known for natural and cultural attractions, including reserved parks in Cúc Phương National Park and Vân Long, grotto caves and rivers in Tràng An, Tam Cốc-Bích Động and Múa Caves, historic monuments in the Hoa Lư ancient capital, Vietnam's largest Buddhist worshipping complex (Bái Đính Temple), and the Phát Diệm Cathedral with "eclectic architectural style".
Australian Baseball League
The Australian Baseball League (ABL) is a professional baseball league in Australia. The league is governed by the Australian Baseball Federation (ABF). It uses the same name as a now-defunct competition held during the 1990s, and though it shares some history of the original league with the Claxton Shield awarded to winners of both competitions, it is considered to be a separate competition.

Because the ABL's season takes place from November to February, the ABL is one of baseball's recognised winter leagues (although it is summer in Australia when the season takes place), where minor-league prospects in North America are often assigned as an English-speaking alternative to the primary Spanish-speaking Latin America-based winter leagues.

KBO League
The KBO League (Korean: KBO 리그) is a professional baseball league in South Korea. The league comprises ten teams. The KBO League was founded with six franchises in 1982 and is the most popular sports league in South Korea. The Kia Tigers are the most successful team, having won 12 of the 44 championships.

In comparison with American Major League Baseball, ESPN reports that the KBO level of play "appears to be somewhere between Double-A and Triple-A, on average, though the best players are more likely to be MLB-quality than your typical Double-A league." Historically, the KBO is known for its vocal and exuberant fan base, as well as the widespread practice of bat flips (ppa-dun (Korean: 빠던), a portmanteau of the "first syllables of the words for 'bat' and 'throw'") by hitters after striking what they think will be a home run. In the KBO, the bat flipping tradition dates to the 1990s.
Kokomopteroidea
Kokomopteroidea is an extinct superfamily of eurypterids, an extinct group of chelicerate arthropods commonly known as "sea scorpions". It is one of four superfamilies classified as part of the suborder Stylonurina. Kokomopteroids have been recovered from deposits of Early Silurian to Late Devonian age in the United States and the United Kingdom.

Hardieopterus
Hardieopterus is a genus of prehistoric eurypterid classified within the family Hardieopteridae. The genus contains four species, all Silurian in age; H. lanarkensis and H. macrophthalmus from Scotland, H. megalops from England and H. myops from the United States.
Hollister, California
Hollister is a city in and the county seat of Alameda County  located in the Central Coast region of California, United States. With a 2020 United States census population of 41,678, Hollister is one of the most populous cities in the Monterey Bay Area and a member of the Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments. The city is an agricultural town known primarily for its local Blenheim apricots, olive oil, vineyards, pomegranates, and chocolate.

Coalinga, California
Coalinga (/ˌkoʊ.əˈlɪŋɡə/ or /kəˈlɪŋɡə/) is a city in the Pleasant Valley in Fresno County and the western San Joaquin Valley, in central California about 80 miles (128 km) southeast of Salinas.

It was formerly known as Coaling Station A, Coalingo, and Coalinga Station.

The population was 17,590 as of the 2020 census, up from 13,380 at the 2010 census. It is the site of both Pleasant Valley State Prison and Coalinga State Hospital.
Chiappa Firearms
Chiappa Firearms, Armi Sport di Chiappa, is an Italian firearms manufacturing company based in Brescia. It was founded in 1958 by Ezechiele Chiappa as Armi Sport. Total unit production is around 60,000 per year. Its U.S. headquarters are in Dayton, Ohio.

Garden gun
Garden guns are small bore shotguns commonly used by gardeners and farmers for pest control. They are made to fire small gauges such as .410 bore, .360 bore, 9mm Flobert, and .22 Winchester Magnum Rimfire, or .22 Long Rifle rimfire shotshell cartridges. They are short-range shotguns that can do little harm past 15 to 20 yd (14 to 18 m), and they are relatively quiet when fired with rimfire ammunition. These guns are especially suitable for use inside barns and sheds, as the low-velocity small shot will not penetrate roofs or walls, nor injure livestock with a ricochet. Such guns are also used for pest control at airports, warehouses, stockyards, etc.
1736 English cricket season
The earliest known instance of a tie happened in the 1736 English cricket season. The occasion was a three-a-side single wicket match between London and Surrey on Lamb's Conduit Field in Holborn. The season is also notable for the first appearances in sources of Chertsey Cricket Club and its Laleham Burway ground. Details of 20 matches are known.

Surrey county cricket team (pre-1846)
Until 1845, the Surrey county cricket team, always known as Surrey, was organised by individual patrons and other groups, particularly Chertsey Cricket Club in the 18th century, and by Montpelier Cricket Club in the 19th. The team played important matches from the early 18th century until the formation of Surrey County Cricket Club on 22 August 1845.
Soviet cruiser Admiral Isakov
Admiral Isakov (Russian: Адмирал Исаков) was a Kresta II-class cruiser of the Soviet Navy and briefly of the Russian Navy, named for Soviet admiral Ivan Isakov. The second ship of her class, she served mostly during the Cold War from her commissioning in 1970.

Isakov was part of the Northern Fleet throughout her career, often operating in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean to show the flag. She cruised to the Atlantic and the Mediterranean in 1971–72, 1973, and 1975, participating in the large Okean-75 exercise, and underwent a refit between 1977 and 1980. After coming out of refit, the ship participated in the combined arms exercise Shchit-82 and cruised in the Atlantic and Mediterranean during 1982 and 1983, before undergoing another refit between 1986 and 1990. She was decommissioned in 1993 before being sold for scrap due to reduced naval funding, but sank under tow en route to India for scrapping a year later.

Kresta II-class cruiser
The Kresta II class, Soviet designation Project 1134A Berkut A (golden eagle), was a class of guided missile cruiser (large anti-submarine warfare ship in Soviet classification) built by the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy. The NATO lists the class as "cruisers" mainly due to the Metel (SS-N-14 Silex) anti-ship missile system capable to strike not only submarines but also surface vessels. They were succeeded by the larger Kara class cruisers.