hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mudumu National Park
Mudumu is a National Park in Caprivi Region of north-eastern Namibia. Established in 1990, the park covers an area of 737 square kilometres (285 sq mi). The Kwando River forms the western border with Botswana. Various communal area conservancies and community forests surround Mudumu National Park.

The area is an important migration route from Botswana to Angola for large game species such as African elephant. There is no boundary fences, and Mudumu forms a crucial trans-boundary link for wildlife migration between Angola, Botswana, Namibia and Zambia. It is in the centre of Africa’s largest conservation area, the  Kavango-Zambezi Trans-Frontier Conservation Area (KaZa TFCA).

Mopane
Colophospermum mopane, commonly called mopane, mopani, butterfly tree, turpentine tree, or balsam tree, is a tree in the legume family (Fabaceae), that grows in hot, dry, low-lying areas, 200 to 1,200 metres (660 to 3,940 ft) in elevation, in parts of Southern Africa. The tree only occurs in Africa and is the only species in genus Colophospermum. Its distinctive butterfly-shaped (bifoliate) leaf and thin kidney-shaped/nearly semi-circular seed pod  make it easy to identify.

Though hard and dense and difficult to work with, it is valued timber in all sorts of construction due to its termite tolerance. Together with camel thorn and leadwood, it is one of the three regionally important firewood trees, due to the enduring heat, and these woods are also some of the preferred use culinarily for braai.
East Blackdene
East Blackdene is a hamlet in the civil parish of Stanhope, in County Durham, England. It is situated to the north of the River Wear, on the opposite side of Weardale from St John's Chapel. The land would have originally been one farm owned by the Bishop of Durham, but was subdivided through the 15th-17th centuries, resulting in a small cluster-settlement. This is similar to West Blackdene.

Stanhope, County Durham
Stanhope /ˈstænəp/ is a market town and civil parish in the County Durham district, in the ceremonial county of Durham, England. It lies on the River Wear between Eastgate and Frosterley, in the north-east of Weardale. The main A689 road over the Pennines is crossed by the B6278 between Barnard Castle and Shotley Bridge. In 2001 Stanhope had a population of 1,633, in 2019 an estimate of 1,627, and a figure of 1,602 in the 2011 census for the ONS built-up-area which includes Crawleyside. In 2011 the parish population was 4,581.
Kalathomyrmex
Kalathomyrmex is a genus of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae containing the single species Kalathomyrmex emeryi. First described as Myrmicocrypta emeryi by Forel in 1907, the species was most recently moved to its current genus by Klingenberg and Brandao in 2009.

Myrmicocrypta
Myrmicocrypta is a Neotropical genus of fungus-growing ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. The genus is known from Mexico to Argentina. Their colonies are generally small, consisting of fewer than 200 individuals.
1-Propanol
1-Propanol (also propan-1-ol, propanol, n-propyl alcohol) is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH and sometimes represented as PrOH or n-PrOH. It is a colourless liquid and an isomer of 2-propanol. 1-Propanol is used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, mainly for resins and cellulose esters, and, sometimes, as a disinfecting agent.

Propionic acid
Propionic acid (/proʊpiˈɒnɪk/, from the Greek words πρῶτος : prōtos, meaning "first", and πίων : píōn, meaning "fat"; also known as propanoic acid) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid with chemical formula CH3CH2CO2H. It is an oily liquid with a pungent and unpleasant smell. The anion CH3CH2CO−2 as well as the salts and esters of propionic acid are known as propionates or propanoates.

About half of the world production of propionic acid is consumed as a preservative for both animal feed and food for human consumption. It is also useful as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals, especially polymers.
Valkjärvi (lake)
Valkjärvi is a lake located in the Nurmijärvi municipality in Southern Finland. It is an island-free lake in the immediate vicinity of Klaukkala's urban area. The water flows from the lake along the Luhtajoki River all the way to the Vantaa River.

Valkjärvi is the most lushest lake of Nurmijärvi, and it is part of the Nurmijärvi's lake monitoring program of the Central Uusimaa Environment Centre (Keski-Uudenmaan ympäristökeskus) due to its poor oxygen values near the bottom of the lake, which are observed especially in summer and winter under ice. Blue-green algae are quite common in the lake; in July 2015, the phytoplankton in the lake with the highest total biomass consisted of 40% cyanobacteria and 29% cryptomonad.

Despite all this, Valkjärvi has great recreational value and there are quite a lot of both permanent and holiday settlements around the lake. There are two beaches at the southern end of Valkjärvi: Tiiranranta Beach and Lähtelä Beach.

Vantaanjoki
Vantaanjoki (Swedish: Vanda å) is a 101-kilometre (63 mi) long river in Southern Finland. The river starts from the lake Erkylänjärvi in Hausjärvi and flows into the Gulf of Finland at Vanhankaupunginselkä in Helsinki. One of the tributaries of Vantaanjoki is Keravanjoki that flows through the town of Kerava north of Helsinki.
Ali Ufkî
Wojciech Bobowski or Ali Ufki (also Albertus Bobovius, Ali Bey, Santurî Ali Ufki; 1610–1675) was a Polish, later Ottoman musician and dragoman in the Ottoman Empire. He translated the Bible into Ottoman Turkish, composed an Ottoman Psalter, based on the Genevan metrical psalter, and wrote a grammar of the Ottoman Turkish language. His musicological works are considered among the most important in 17th-century Ottoman music.

Polish Biographical Dictionary
Polski Słownik Biograficzny (PSB; Polish Biographical Dictionary) is a Polish-language biographical dictionary, comprising an alphabetically arranged compilation of authoritative biographies of some 25,000 notable Poles and of foreigners who have been active in Poland – famous as well as less-well-known persons – from Popiel, Piast Kołodziej, and Mieszko I, at the dawn of Polish history, to persons who died in the year 2000.

The Dictionary, published incrementally since 1935, is a work in progress. It currently covers entries from A to S and its completion is expected about 2030.

The PSB is, by its own assessment, "at present... one of the world's leading biographical publications." Outside Poland, it is available at the British Library, the Library of Congress, the Vatican Library, the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, the University of California at Berkeley, Stanford University, the Getty Museum, and many other national and major research libraries.
Labisia
Labisia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Primulaceae, native to the Malesia biogeographical region. Its best known species is Labisia pumila, which is cultivated as a medicinal herb in Malaysia and Indonesia for, among other things, improving libido in women, induction of childbirth, and relieving postmenopausal discomfort.

Primulaceae
The Primulaceae (/ˌprɪmjəˈleɪʃi.iː/ PRIM-yə-LAY-shee-ee), commonly known as the primrose family (but not related to the evening primrose family), are a family of herbaceous and woody flowering plants including some favourite garden plants and wildflowers. Most are perennial though some species, such as scarlet pimpernel, are annuals.

Previously one of three families in the order Primulales, it underwent considerable generic re-alignment once molecular phylogenetic methods were used for taxonomic classification. The order was then submerged in a much enlarged order Ericales and became a greatly enlarged Primulaceae sensu lato (s.l). In this new classification of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, each of the Primulales families was reduced to the rank of subfamily of Primulaceae s.l. The original Primulaceae (Primulaceae sensu stricto or s.s.) then became subfamily Primuloideae, and one genus (Maesa) was raised to the rank of a separate subfamily, making four in all.
Senate Scholz II
The Senate Scholz II (Senat Scholz II) was the government of the German city-state of Hamburg from 15 April 2015 to 28 March 2018 following Senate Scholz I. The Cabinet was, for the second time, headed by First Mayor Olaf Scholz and was formed by the Social Democratic Party, who lost their overall majority in the last state-elections, along with Alliance 90/The Greens. On 15 April 2015 Scholz was elected and sworn in as Mayor by the state assembly. Afterwards he appointed the Senators and had them confirmed by the assembly.

Cabinet members hold the office of Senators and heads of their respective agency, except denoted otherwise.

Katharina Fegebank became acting head of the government on 13 March 2018, after Olaf Scholz retired. Scholz was succeeded by Peter Tschentscher on 28 March 2018, who formed the new state government.

First Tschentscher senate
The First Tschentscher senate was the state government of Hamburg between 2018 and 2020, sworn in on 28 March 2018 after Peter Tschentscher was elected as First Mayor by the members of the Hamburg Parliament. It was the 29th Senate of Hamburg.

It was formed after the resignation of First Mayor Olaf Scholz, and was a continuation of the coalition government formed by the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and Alliance 90/The Greens (GRÜNE) after the 2015 Hamburg state election. Excluding the First Mayor, the senate comprised 11 ministers, called Senators. Seven were members of the SPD, three were members of the Greens, and one was an independent politician.

The first Tschentscher senate was succeeded by the second Tschentscher senate on 10 June 2020.
British Rail Class 316 (Picc-Vic)
The British Rail Class 316 was a proposed type of electric multiple unit intended for use on planned urban rail services in Greater Manchester. Intended as part of the family of EMUs descended from the prototype "PEP" stock, the class was never proceeded with as the planned services for which it was to be built were cancelled.

Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive
Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive (GMPTE) was the public body responsible for public transport in Greater Manchester between 1974 and 2011, when it became part of Transport for Greater Manchester.
Football at the 2007 Arab Games
The 2007 Arab Games football tournament was the 10th edition of the Arab Games men's football tournament. The football tournament was held in Cairo, Egypt between 13 and 25 November 2007 as part of the 2007 Arab Games. Egyptian team won the gold medal while Libya and Saudi Arabia took second and third place respectively.

Football at the Arab Games
The Arab Games are a regional multi-sport event held between nations from the Arab world. A men's football tournament has been held at every session of the Games since 1953, except for 2004. Since the 2023 edition, the tournament has been limited to under-23 teams, plus up to three overage players for each squad.
5-ton 6×6 truck
The 5‑ton 6x6 truck, officially "Truck, 5-ton, 6x6", was a class of heavy-duty six-wheel drive trucks used by the US Armed Forces. The basic cargo version was designed to transport a 5-ton (4,500 kg) load over all roads and cross-country terrain in all weather. Through three evolutionary series (M39, M809, and M939) there have been component improvements, but all trucks were mechanically very similar. They were the standard heavy-duty truck of the US military for 40 years, until replaced by the Medium Tactical Vehicle (MTV) beginning in 1991.

M809 series 5-ton 6×6 truck
The M809 Series 5-ton 6x6 truck (G908) was a family of heavy tactical trucks built for the United States Armed Forces. The basic cargo version was designed to transport a 5-ton (4,500 kg), 14 ft (4.3 m) long load over all terrain in all weather. In on-road service the load weight was doubled. Built by AM General, they evolved into the M939 Series.
Banshan
Banshan was a phase of the Chinese Neolithic Majiayao culture, c. 2600 to 2300 BC. The Banshan site is in Guanghe County, Gansu.

In 1923 and 1924, Swedish scholar J. G. Anderson discovered the sites of Banshan, Majiayao, Machang, Qijia and Xindian at Lajia on the north bank of the Yellow River.

Xindian culture
Xindian culture (Chinese: 辛店文化; pinyin: Xīndiàn wénhuà) was a Bronze Age culture in the Gansu and Qinghai provinces of China. Xindian culture is dated ca. 1500–1000 BCE, a radiocarbon testing of an artefact produced a date around 1000 BCE, which roughly corresponds to the Western Zhou period of the Central Plain area (in the middle and lower course of the Yellow River).
Macromia alleghaniensis
Macromia alleghaniensis, the Allegheny river cruiser, is a species of cruiser in the dragonfly family Macromiidae. It is often confused with Macromia illinoiensis, the Swift river cruiser. It can be found in the United States, particularly in the central Southeastern part of the country.

Macromiidae
Macromiidae is a family of dragonflies. The family contains species known as cruisers or skimmers. They are known to fly over bodies of water and roads. They are similar to Aeshnidae in size, but with green eyes that barely meet at the top of their head.

The family Macromiidae is in the superfamily Libelluloidea. It contains three genera and 125 species worldwide.

Females of this family lack an ovipositor at the end of their abdomen and lay their eggs by dipping their abdomen in water as they fly over. Ovipositing is usually done without a male present.

Members of the family are found on every continent, but there are very few records from South America and much of Europe and central Eurasia. They are most observed in East and Southeast Asia, North America, and sub-Saharan Africa.
Kõrgelaid
Kõrgelaid is a small, uninhabited, moraine-based island in the Baltic Sea, belonging to the country of Estonia. Its coordinates 58°45′09″N 23°05′35″E﻿ / ﻿58.75250°N 23.09306°E﻿ / 58.75250; 23.09306.

Kõrgelaid lies off the western coast of the Estonian mainland between the islands of Hiiumaa and Muhu, just south of the small island of Rooglaid. It is administered by Hiiu County. The island encompasses roughly 16 hectares and is part of the Hiiumaa Islets Landscape Reserve.

Kõrgelaid had previously been inhabited and even offered travelers inns in which visitors could stay. The island has now been uninhabited for several decades. In 2000, the island was the location for a reality television show titled Baltic Robinson, in which five Estonians, five Latvians and five Lithuanians competed against one another in a series survival challenges.

Muhu
Muhu (also called Muhu island, Estonian: Muhu) is an island in the West Estonian archipelago of the Baltic Sea. With an area of 198 km2 (76 sq mi), it is the third-largest island of Estonia after Saaremaa and Hiiumaa. Together with the neighbouring islets of Kesselaid, Viirelaid, Võilaid and Suurlaid, it forms Muhu Parish, a rural municipality in Saare County. The municipality reported a population of 2,118 on 1 October 2025.
Romance for violin (Elgar)
The Romance in E minor for violin and piano is a work by Edward Elgar composed in 1878 or 1879  and published in 1885 as his Opus 1.

The Romance was dedicated to Oswin Grainger, an older friend of Elgar's from a Worcester orchestra they played in, who was an amateur musician and grocer by trade.  It was published by Schott's in 1885 and the first performance was on 20 October, in Worcester.

E minor
E minor is a minor scale based on E, consisting of the pitches E, F♯, G, A, B, C, and D. Its key signature has one sharp, on the F. Its relative major is G major and its parallel major is E major.

The E natural minor scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The E harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:

Much of the classical guitar repertoire is in E minor, as this is a very natural key for the instrument. In standard tuning (E A D G B E), four of the instrument's six open (unfretted) strings are part of the tonic chord. The key of E minor is also popular in heavy metal music, as its tonic is the lowest note on a standard-tuned guitar.
Lower Sepik languages
The Lower Sepik a.k.a. Nor–Pondo languages are a small language family of East Sepik Province in northern Papua New Guinea. They were identified as a family by K Laumann in 1951 under the name Nor–Pondo, and included in Donald Laycock's now-defunct 1973 Sepik–Ramu family.

Malcolm Ross (linguist)
Malcolm David Ross FAHA (born 3 May 1942) is an Australian linguist. He is emeritus professor of linguistics at the Australian National University (ANU).

Ross is best known among linguists for his work on Austronesian and Papuan languages, historical linguistics, and language contact (especially metatypy). He was elected as a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities in 1996.
2022 European Amateur Team Championship
The 2022 European Amateur Team Championship took place 5–9 July at Royal St George's Golf Club in Sandwich, Kent, England. It was the 39th men's golf European Amateur Team Championship.

Team Spain won the championship. Defending champion from the 2021 European Amateur Team Championship, team Denmark, finished third.

2021 European Amateur Team Championship
The 2021 European Amateur Team Championship took place 6–10 July at PGA Catalunya in Spain. It was the 38th men's golf European Amateur Team Championship. The event was originally intended to be played at Vasatorp Golf Club in Sweden but was moved because of travel restriction concerns.
Antelope Valley (Lander County)
The Antelope Valley of west Lander County is a small, 25 mile (40 km) long, mostly arid valley in central Nevada,  USA. A fourth valley of the same name Antelope Valley lies in southern Eureka County, east of the Monitor Range. The Lander County valley lies south of the Humboldt River and with Antelope Creek, is a western tributary valley to the north-flowing Reese River.

A much larger valley, of the same name in Elko and White Pine Counties, is a north-south valley surrounded by five mountain ranges, and lies on the east perimeter of the Antelope Range. A third valley that  shares the name, lies in Douglas County and extends into California.

Antelope Valley (Eureka County)
The Antelope Valley of southern Eureka County is a small 35 mi (56 km) long valley, surrounded by four mountain ranges. Antelope Wash flows north, to endorheic flatlands at the valley's north end.  Eureka, Nevada lies 20 mi east nestled among mountain ranges.  From Eureka U.S. Route 50 travels west through the north end of the valley on a route to Austin.
2022 AFC U-23 Asian Cup qualification
The 2022 AFC U-23 Asian Cup qualification was an international men's under-23 football competition which decided the participating teams of the 2022 AFC U-23 Asian Cup.

A total of 16 teams qualified to play in the final tournament, including Uzbekistan who qualified automatically as hosts country.

Due to non-compliance to doping regulations, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) banned Indonesia and Thailand from using their national flags in competitions, except during the Olympics. It was reported that Indonesia prepared the flag of its federation, in the event its team was barred from using the national flag.

China national under-23 football team
The China national under-23 football team, also known as the China Olympic team (国奥队), represents the People's Republic of China in international football competitions in the Olympic Games, Asian Games, as well as any other under-23 international football tournaments. It is governed by the Chinese Football Association (CFA). It combines two teams: China U-23 national team and China U-21 selection team.
Oldbury rock shelters
The Oldbury rock shelters are a complex of Middle Palaeolithic sites situated on the slopes of Oldbury hillfort near Ightham in the English county of Kent.

They were occupied by Mousterian flint tool manufacturers around 50,000 years ago and examples of their characteristic bout-coupé handaxes were found there during excavations in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

The site is open to the public and owned by the National Trust.

Mousterian
The Mousterian (or Mode III) is an archaeological industry of stone tools, associated primarily with the Neanderthals in Europe, and with the earliest anatomically modern humans in North Africa and West Asia. The Mousterian largely defines the latter part of the Middle Paleolithic, the middle of the West Eurasian Old Stone Age. It lasted roughly from 160,000 to 40,000 BP. If its predecessor, known as Levallois or Levallois–Mousterian, is included, the range is extended to include as early as c. 300,000–200,000 BP. The main following period is the Aurignacian (c. 43,000–28,000 BP) of Homo sapiens.
Gainsborough Ward, Ipswich
Gainsborough Ward is a ward in the South East Area of Ipswich, Suffolk, England. It returns three councillors to Ipswich Borough Council.

It is designated Middle Layer Super Output Area Ipswich 016 by the Office for National Statistics. It is composed of 6 Lower Layer Super Output Areas.

The ward includes:

Gainsborough

Greenwich

Landseer Park

Landseer Park
Landseer Park is a large open green space north of Landseer Road, in the eastern suburbs of Ipswich, Suffolk, England. It is home to the Ipswich BMX Club. National Cycle Route 51 passes through the park. It is designated a County Wildlife Site.
Adam Solomon
Adam "The Professor" Solomon (born 1 January 1963 in Mombasa, Kenya) is a Juno Award-winning composer, guitar maestro, and singer. Solomon began performing at an early age, playing the kivoti (flute) and the kayamba (shaker) at village celebrations and festivals. He established his career playing lead guitar and singing on recordings and videos with some of Kenya's most popular bands and musicians, including Joseph Kamaru, Bana Citoyen, Super Kalles, Super Mazembe, Les Wanyika, Popo Lipo of Lessa Lessan, Professor Mb. Naaman with the Nine Stars Band, Kanda Bongo Man, Fadhili Williams, Juma Toto, and the Mombasa Roots Band.  Adam's touring credits include workshops and performances with Congolese superstar Papa Wemba and Ismael Lo from Senegal.

Joseph Kamaru
Joseph Kamarū (1939 – 3 October 2018) was a Kenyan Benga and gospel musician and political activist. He was an icon, a hero, and a leading Kikuyu musician, who has sold about half a million records. He was notable for his politically motivated songs either praising or criticizing the government. His music covered the teachings of life, promiscuity and sexual harassment in Kenyan politics and social culture.

He was known for his friendship with President Jomo Kenyatta, but after writing a song condemning the murder of JM Kariuki, they ceased to be close. He also wrote songs praising President Daniel arap Moi.
Cyperus retrorsus
Cyperus retrorsus, commonly called pine barren flatsedge, is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family (Cyperaceae). It is found primarily in the Southeastern United States, with a range extending north to Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts and south to Tamaulipas, Mexico. Its natural habitat corresponds to dry sandy soils, open woodlands and thickets.

Cyperus retrorsus is a tufted perennial, growing to around 50 cm tall. Its fruits mature in the summer. It is similar to the closely related C. echinatus, from which C. retrorsus can be distinguished by its cylindrical inflorescence and shorter stature.

Cyperus echinatus
Cyperus echinatus is a species of plant in the sedge family. It is native to much of the eastern United States, primarily in the lower Mississippi Valley and the lowland plain east of the southern Appalachians, with scattered populations in Florida and as far north as Wisconsin and the Adirondacks. Additional isolated populations occur in southern Mexico. It is found in a variety of sunny, often mesic habitats.