hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Toddington Manor, Bedfordshire
Toddington Manor is a Tudor country house in the English county of Bedfordshire, near the village of Toddington and is a Grade II listed building with a 1745 main block and 1850 additions. It was restored by Sir Neville and Lady Bowman-Shaw from 1979-81. The manor consists of the north-east corner of what was a large, three-courtyard, palace built by Henry Cheyne, 1st Baron Cheyne, circa 1560. Within the grounds are the remains of a 13th-century manor built by Sir Paulinus Pever, a royal steward under Henry III.

Henrietta Wentworth, 6th Baroness Wentworth
Henrietta Maria Wentworth, 6th Baroness Wentworth (11 August 1660 – 23 April 1686) was an English peeress. She was the mistress of James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, and she financed the Monmouth Rebellion led by her lover. She survived his execution in 1685, but she died the following year at the age of 25.
Kerry Weiland
Kerry Pauline Weiland Sorbara (née Weiland; born October 18, 1980) is an American former professional ice hockey and inline hockey player, a defenseman. As a member of the United States women's national ice hockey team, she won four IIHF Women's World Championship medals and a silver medal in the 2010 Olympic women's ice hockey tournament.

Sis Paulsen
Sis Paulsen (born July 25, 1980) is an American ice hockey and softball coach. She is the director of hockey operations and equipment manager for the Wisconsin Badgers women's ice hockey team and the equipment manager for the United States women's national ice hockey team.
Dongba Manuscripts
The Dongba Manuscript is an important classic of Dongba religion. It was compiled by the ancient Naxi priests, also called dongba, meaning 'instructor', in Naxi language, with an estimated total of 20,000 volumes.

Dongba symbols
The Dongba, Tomba or Tompa or Mo-so symbols are a system of pictographic glyphs used by the ²dto¹mba (Bon priests) of the Naxi people in southern China. In the Naxi language it is called ²ss ³dgyu 'wood records' or ²lv ³dgyu 'stone records'. The first artifacts with this script on them originate from approximately 30 CE.

The glyphs may be used as rebuses for abstract words which do not have glyphs. Dongba is largely a mnemonic system, and cannot by itself represent the Naxi language; different authors may use the same glyphs with different meanings, and it may be supplemented with the geba syllabary for clarification.
Tomorrow (The Bear)
"Tomorrow" is the first episode of the third season of the American comedy-drama television series The Bear. It is the 19th overall episode of the series and was written by series creator Christopher Storer from a story he co-wrote with cast member Matty Matheson, and directed by Storer. It was released on Hulu on June 26, 2024, along with the rest of the season.

The series follows Carmen "Carmy" Berzatto, an award-winning chef de cuisine, who returns to his hometown of Chicago to run his late brother Michael's failing Italian beef sandwich shop and revamps the shop into a fine dining establishment, "The Bear". In the episode, Carmy reminisces over his past experiences in other restaurants as he tries to move forward with the new restaurant's structure.

The season-three premiere of The Bear has been ranked as both the best and the worst installment of the series. Jeremy Allen White won a Primetime Emmy Award for his performance in this episode.

Japanese amberjack
The Japanese amberjack or yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata, is a species of jack fish in the family Carangidae, native to the northwest Pacific Ocean. It is known as shiyu (鰤魚) in China, bang'eo (방어) in Korea, and buri (鰤) or hamachi (魬) in Japan.

Although it is frequently listed on menus as "yellowtail tuna", it is a fish of an entirely different family, the Carangidae, rather than the family Scombridae that includes tunas, mackerels, and bonitos.
Beloslav Peak
Beloslav Peak (Bulgarian: връх Белослав, romanized: vrah Beloslav, IPA: [ˈvrɤɣ bɛɫoˈsɫaf]) is the peak rising to 2016 m in Doyran Heights, southeast Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica, and surmounting Guerrero Glacier to the southwest and Sikera Valley to the east.

The peak is named after the town of Beloslav in Northeastern Bulgaria.

Sikera Valley
Sikera Valley (Bulgarian: долина Сикера, ‘Dolina Sikera’ \do-li-'na si-'ke-ra\) is an ice-filled valley spanning 17 km long and 5.7 km wide. The valley is located between Doyran Heights and Flowers Hills on the east side of Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. A nameless steep 4-km side glacier drains northeastwards from Mount Havener in Doyran Heights, and empties into the upper part of the valley, south of Kostinbrod Pass. The valley ice flows southeastwards towards the Rutford Ice Stream.

The feature is named after the medieval fortress of Sikera in southeastern Bulgaria.
Nowa Słupia
Nowa Słupia [ˈnɔva ˈswupja] is a town in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Nowa Słupia. It lies approximately 34 km (21 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Łysa Góra
Łysa Góra [ˈwɨsa ˈɡura], translated as Bald Mountain, is a well-known hill in Świętokrzyskie Mountains, Poland. With a height of 595 metres (1,952 ft), it is the second highest point in that range (after Łysica at 612 meters or 2,008 ft). On its slopes and atop its summit are several hiking trails, the ruins of a pagan wall from 9th century, the Benedictine monastery from the 11th century, and the Święty Krzyż TV Tower. The mountain also features prominently in a local legend about witches' sabbaths.
Haliç Bridge
The Haliç Bridge (Turkish: Haliç Köprüsü), or the Golden Horn Bridge, is a road bridge across the Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey. It connects the neighbourhoods of Ayvansaray in the southwest and Halıcıoğlu in the northwest. The bridge carries the O-1 motorway, also known as the Istanbul Inner Beltway. It was constructed between 1971 and 1974, and entered service on 10 September 1974. The engineering work was carried out by IHI Corporation of Japan and Julius Berger-Bauboag AG of Germany. The bridge is 995 m (3,264 ft) long and 32 m (105 ft) wide, and stands 22 m (72 ft) above sea level.

IHI Corporation
IHI Corporation (株式会社IHI, Kabushiki-gaisha IHI), formerly known as Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. (石川島播磨重工業株式会社, Ishikawajima Harima Jūkōgyō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese engineering corporation headquartered in Tokyo, Japan that produces and offers ships, space launch vehicles, aircraft engines, marine diesel engines, gas turbines, gas engines, railway systems, turbochargers for automobiles, plant engineering, industrial machinery, power station boilers and other facilities, suspension bridges and other structures.

IHI is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange Section 1. Following the reporting of a company whistleblower in February 2024, on April 24, 2024, the company announced that investigation was underway by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of its subsidiary, IHI Power Systems Co., which had falsified its engine data since 2003, affecting over 4,000 engines worldwide.
Krzysztof Jotko
Krzysztof Jotko (born August 19, 1989) is a Polish mixed martial artist currently competing in the Middleweight division of the Oktagon MMA. He has previously fought in the Ultimate Fighting Championship and Professional Fighters League (PFL).

Middleweight (MMA)
The middleweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's middleweight division, which groups competitors within 171 to 185 lb (77.5 to 84 kg)

The Shooto's middleweight class, which refers to competitors between 155 and 170 lb (70.3 and 77.1 kg)

The ONE Championship's middleweight division follows the Pride FC model, with an upper limit of 93 kg (205 lb)

The Road FC's  middleweight division, with an upper limit of 185 lb (84 kg)
Gap metric
The gap metric is a mathematical concept used to quantify the distance between linear operators on a Hilbert space. It was introduced independently by Mark Krein and Mark Krasnoselsky (1947), and Béla Szőkefalvi-Nagy (1946), in their work on invertibility of differential operators.  The gap metric has since found applications in perturbation theory, robust control, and feedback system analysis.

Differential operator
In mathematics, a differential operator is an operator defined as a function of the differentiation operator. It is helpful, as a matter of notation first, to consider differentiation as an abstract operation that accepts a function and returns another function (in the style of a higher-order function in computer science).

This article considers mainly linear differential operators, which are the most common type. However, non-linear differential operators also exist, such as the Schwarzian derivative.
Darabul
Darabul (Persian: درابول, also Romanized as Darābūl) is a village in Pir Sohrab Rural District, in the Central District of Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 29, in 5 families.

Pir Sohrab Rural District
Pir Sohrab Rural District (Persian: دهستان پيرسهراب) is in Pir Sohrab District of Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Owraki Bozorg-e Olya. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Pir Sohrab.
UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying Group B
Group B of UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying was one of the ten groups to decide which teams would qualify for the UEFA Euro 2024 final tournament in Germany. Group B consisted of five teams: France, Gibraltar, Greece, the Netherlands and the Republic of Ireland. The teams played against each other home-and-away in a round-robin format.

The top two teams, France and the Netherlands, qualified directly for the final tournament. The participants of the qualifying play-offs were decided based on their performance in the 2022–23 UEFA Nations League.

UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying
The UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying tournament was a football competition that was played from March 2023 to March 2024 to determine the 23 UEFA member men's national teams that would join the automatically qualified host team Germany in the UEFA Euro 2024 final tournament. The competition was linked with the 2022–23 UEFA Nations League, which gave countries a secondary route to qualify for the final tournament.

A total of 53 UEFA member associations entered the qualifying process. The draw for the qualifying group stage took place at the Festhalle in Frankfurt on 9 October 2022.
Futuro (wrestler)
Futuro is a Mexican luchador enmascarado, or masked professional wrestler currently working for the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), portraying a tecnico ("Good guy") wrestling character. His real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans.

Wrestling mask
A wrestling mask is a fabric-based mask that some professional wrestlers wear as part of their in-ring persona or gimmick. Professional wrestlers have been using masks as far back as 1915 and they are still widely used today, especially in Mexican lucha libre.
Varvara Rudneva
Varvara Aleksandrova Kashevarova-Rudneva (c. 1841 – 1899) was a Russian medical doctor. Rudneva was the second woman in Russia to become a doctor, after Nadezhda Suslova. She was the first woman in Russia to become a doctor and to have completed her education at a Russian medical school, an event which occurred at a time when women were barred from receiving training at such universities. Despite the ban, she was given a unique permission to study for her desire to treat women patients who refused to be treated by male doctors due to their religious beliefs. Her attendance at St. Petersburg Medical Surgical Academy, and later medical practice, were thereby unique in Russia, thus garnering attention from both the medical field and general public, making her a notoriously controversial figure.

Nadezhda Suslova
Nadezhda Prokofyevna Suslova (Russian: Надежда Прокофьевна Суслова; 1 September 1843 – 20 April 1918) was Russia's first woman medical doctor and the sister of Polina Suslova. She worked as a gynecologist in Nizhny Novgorod, and was involved in many charity efforts.
Chalmette Regiment
The Chalmette Regiment was a  regiment of the Louisiana Militia consisting of foreign volunteers called into Confederate service in the American Civil War for 90 days March 1, 1862. Mustered out in May 1862, the regiment was again called into service in May 1863 to defend Fort Beauregard.

Its Company A "Scandinavian Guards", was the only all-Scandinavian unit in the Confederate Army, consisting of Norwegians, Danes and Swedes.

Fort St. Philip
Fort St. Philip is a historic masonry fort located on the eastern bank of the Mississippi River, about 40 miles (64 km) upriver from its mouth in Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana, just opposite Fort Jackson on the other side of the river. It formerly served as military protection of New Orleans, some 80 miles (130 km) up the river, and of the lower Mississippi River.
Ilan Ramon Youth Physics Center
The Ilan Ramon Youth Physics Center was established in honor of Ilan Ramon, Israel's first astronaut. The center was established in 2007 by the Rashi foundation in order to allow high school students that are interested in physics access to high grade laboratory and astronomy equipment. The center is located at the Ben Gurion University of the Negev and hosts students of all ages and of a wide cultural variety.

The objectives of the Center are to advance the study of physics and astronomy in high school; increase the number of pupils who take Physics at matriculation level and improve their matriculation results; establish and operate physics centers in school increase the number of physics and engineering students in academic institutions.

Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) (Hebrew: אוניברסיטת בן-גוריון בנגב, Universitat Ben-Guriyon baNegev) is a  public research university in Beersheba, Israel. Named after Israeli national founder David Ben-Gurion, the university was founded in 1969 and currently has five campuses; three in Beersheba, one in Sede Boqer and one in Eilat.

Ben-Gurion University has about 20,000 students. Some of its research institutes include the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, the Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, the Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research with the Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, and the Ben-Gurion Research Institute for the Study of Israel and Zionism.
Ali Parvin
Ali Parvin (Persian: علی پروين; born 12 October 1946) is a retired Iranian football player and coach. He is among the most prominent Iranian footballers. He played for the Iran national football team. During his career, he played as an attacking midfielder or forward, and was associated mainly with Persepolis, playing for the team for eighteen years, managing the club on three occasions, for a combined total of for seventeen years, and also serving as the club's president.

He was selected as one of the seventeen Asian football elites by AFC and received a statue from this confederation. He was named as one of the members of Persepolis Hall of Fame and the club thanked him for his great performance during his senior career at Persepolis. The club gave him a statue of his face and named him one of the twelve great players of Persepolis in the 1970s.

Paykan F.C.
Paykan Football Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتبال فرهنگی ورزشی پيکان, Bâšgâh-e Futbâl-e Peykân) is a football team based in Tehran, Iran. The team is sponsored by Iran's main automobile manufacturer Iran Khodro and is named after one of its older products; the Paykan car. Paykan F.C. is the football club of the multisport Paykan Sport Club which also includes basketball and volleyball teams.
Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, 16th Duke of Hamilton
Alexander Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 16th Duke of Hamilton, 13th Duke of Brandon (born 31 March 1978), styled Marquess of Douglas and Clydesdale until 2010, is a Scottish nobleman and the premier peer of Scotland.

Earl of Angus
The Mormaer or Earl of Angus was the ruler of the medieval Scottish province of Angus. The title, in the Peerage of Scotland, is held by the Duke of Hamilton, and is used as a courtesy title for the eldest son of the Duke's eldest son.
No. 4 Squadron RAAF
No. 4 Squadron is a Royal Australian Air Force squadron composed of the air force special forces Combat Controllers, aircrew who operate the Pilatus PC-21 aircraft and instructors for the Australian Defence Force Joint Terminal Attack Controller (JTAC) course.

The squadron was previously a fighter and army co-operation unit active in both World War I and World War II. Formed in late 1917, the squadron operated on the Western Front as part of the Australian Flying Corps until the armistice in November 1918. It was disbanded after the war in mid-1919, but re-raised in 1937 and 1940. In 1942 it deployed to New Guinea, where it supported military forces by spotting for artillery and providing reconnaissance and close air support. As the war progressed, the squadron took part in the Huon Peninsula, New Britain and Borneo campaigns. It was disbanded in early 1948, but was re-formed on 2 July 2009 to provide training to forward air controllers and to support Army Special Operations Command.

Hawker Hart
The Hawker Hart is a British two-seater biplane light bomber aircraft that saw service with the Royal Air Force (RAF). It was designed during the 1920s by Sydney Camm and manufactured by Hawker Aircraft. The Hart was a prominent British aircraft in the inter-war period, but was obsolete and already side-lined for newer monoplane aircraft designs by the start of the Second World War, playing only minor roles in the conflict before being retired.

Several major variants of the Hart were developed, including a navalised version for the Royal Navy's aircraft carriers. The Hart was also operated by foreign nations, including Sweden, Yugoslavia, Estonia, South Africa, and Canada.
Shenyang J-50
The Shenyang J-50, J-XD, or J-XDS, is a temporary designation given by military analysts and defense media to a twinjet tailless lambda wing aircraft under development by the Shenyang Aircraft Corporation (SAC). The aircraft was observed in flight testing in Shenyang, Liaoning, China in December 2024, which was tentatively named Shenyang J-XD or Shenyang J-50 by analysts, given the limited available information.

Tailless aircraft
In aeronautics, a tailless aircraft is a fixed-wing aircraft with no other horizontal aerodynamic surface besides its main wing. It may still have a fuselage, vertical tail fin (vertical stabilizer), and/or vertical rudder.

Theoretical advantages of the tailless configuration include low parasitic drag as on the Horten H.IV soaring glider and good stealth characteristics as on the Northrop B-2 Spirit bomber. Disadvantages include a potential sensitivity to trim.

Tailless aircraft have been flown since the pioneer days; the first stable aeroplane to fly was the tailless Dunne D.5, in 1910. The most successful tailless configuration has been the tailless delta, especially for combat aircraft, though the Concorde airliner is also a delta configuration.

NASA has used the 'tailless' description for the novel X-36 research aircraft which has a canard foreplane but no vertical fin.
HMS Altham
HMS Altham was one of 93 ships of the Ham class of inshore minesweepers.

Their names were all chosen from villages ending in -ham. The minesweeper was named after Altham in Lancashire.

Altham (pennant number M2602) was a member of the first series of Ham-class minesweepers, with composite wood and aluminium construction. It was built by Camper and Nicholsons of Gosport, completing on 8 July 1953.

The ship commissioned at Hythe, Hampshire on 13 July 1953, serving with the 232nd Mine Sweeper Squadron at Harwich in Essex from 1954 to 1956, going into reserve at Rosneath on the Gare Loch in northwest Scotland in 1957.

Altham was transferred to the Royal Malayan Navy on 1 April 1958, being renamed Sri Johor. Sri Johor had its minesweeping gear removed and replaced by two more 20 mm Oerlikon cannon and four 2-pounder saluting guns, although the minesweeping gear was later re-fitted. Sri Johor was broken up in 1967.

Ham-class minesweeper
The Ham class was a class of inshore minesweepers (IMS), known as the Type 1, of the British Royal Navy. The class was designed to operate in the shallow water of rivers and estuaries. All of the ships in the class are named for British place names that end with -"ham". The parent firm that was responsible for supervising construction was Samuel White of Cowes, Isle of Wight.
2014 Internationaux Féminins de la Vienne
The 2014 Internationaux Féminins de la Vienne was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 18th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $100,000 in prize money. It took place in Poitiers, France, on 20–26 October 2014.

2014 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2014 ITF Women's Circuit is the 2014 edition of the second tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
Paul Dietel
Paul Dietel (15 February 1860, Greiz – 30 October 1947, Zwickau) was a German mycologist.

He studied mathematics and natural sciences at the universities of Leipzig, Berlin and Göttingen, and afterwards worked as a schoolteacher in Greiz, Leipzig, Reichenbach im Vogtland and Glauchau.

He specialized in research of rust fungi (Uredinales) — from 1887 to 1943 he was the author of 150 scientific papers on rusts. His extensive treatment of rust fungi in Engler and Prantl's Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien was recognized as its definitive account for many years.

In 1897 Paul Christoph Hennings named the genus Dietelia (family Pucciniosiraceae) in his honor.

Paul Christoph Hennings
Paul Christoph Hennings (November 27, 1841 – October 14, 1908) was a German mycologist and herbarium curator. He discovered the study of cryptogams and mushrooms as a volunteer at the botanical garden. Although circumstances initially prevented him to study in that area, he later returned to natural sciences and eventually rose to a position at the largest herbarium in Germany. Originally interested in all non-higher plants, he specialised into mushrooms and became particularly versed in tropical species sent from abroad.
Charlotte Auerbach
Charlotte "Lotte" Auerbach FRS FRSE (14 May 1899 – 17 March 1994) was a German geneticist who contributed to founding the science of mutagenesis. She became well known after 1942 when she discovered, with A. J. Clark and J. M. Robson, that mustard gas could cause mutations in fruit flies. She wrote 91 scientific papers, and was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh and of the Royal Society of London.

In 1976, she was awarded the Royal Society's Darwin Medal. Aside her scientific contributions and love of science, she was remarkable in many other ways, including her wide interests, independence, modesty, and transparent honesty.

Alfred Joseph Clark
Professor Alfred Joseph Clark MC FRS FRSE (19 August 1885 – 30 July 1941) was a British pharmacologist and Professor of Pharmacology at the University College, London. He was a de-bunker of fraudulent remedies and did many early studies on the placebo effect of many claimed cures.