hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John de Wingfield
Sir John de Wingfield (died c. 1361) of Wingfield Castle in  Wingfield, Suffolk was born to John and Elizabeth de Wingfield. Sir John was educated as an attorney, later becoming chief administrator to Edward the Black Prince (1330-1376). He was also Attorney general and Chief of staff of Joan of Bar, Countess of Surrey, granddaughter of Edward I of England. This post was taken over by Sir John's brother, Sir Thomas, in 1357.

Edmund de la Pole, 3rd Duke of Suffolk
Edmund de la Pole, 3rd Duke of Suffolk, 6th Earl of Suffolk, KG (c. 1471 – 30 April 1513), Duke of Suffolk, was an English nobleman and soldier. The son of John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk and his wife Elizabeth of York, he was through his mother the nephew of the Yorkist kings of England Edward IV and Richard III and the cousin of Edward V and Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York (the Princes in the Tower) and of Henry VII's queen Elizabeth of York.

Although the male York line ended with the death of Edward Plantagenet and the Poles at first swore loyalty to the Tudor king of England, they later tried to claim the throne as the Yorkist claimants in the maternal line. Edmund was ultimately executed at the Tower of London.
Aquation
Aquation is the chemical reaction incorporating "one or more integral molecules of water" with or without displacement of other atoms or groups. The term is typically employed to refer to reactions of metal complexes where an anion is displaced by water.  For example, bromopentaamminecobalt(III) undergoes the following aquation reaction to give a metal aquo complex:

[Co(NH3)5Br]2+  +  H2O  →    [Co(NH3)5(H2O)]3+  +  Br−

This reaction is catalyzed both by acid and by base. Acid catalysis involves protonation of the bromide, converting it to a better leaving group. Base hydrolysis proceeds by the SN1cB mechanism, which begins with deprotonation of an ammonia ligand.

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
2019 EuroLeague Final Four
The 2019 EuroLeague Final Four was the concluding EuroLeague Final Four tournament of the 2018–19 EuroLeague season, the 62nd season of Europe's premier club basketball tournament, and the 19th season since it was first organised by Euroleague Basketball. It was the 32nd Final Four of the modern EuroLeague Final Four era (1988–present), and the 34th time overall that the competition has concluded with a final four format. The Final Four was played at the Fernando Buesa Arena in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain, on 17 and 19 May 2019.

1988 FIBA European Champions Cup Final Four
The 1988 FIBA European Champions Cup Final Four was the concluding tournament of the 1987–88 FIBA European Champions Cup, and the first one with the FIBA European Champions Cup Final Four format since the 1967 edition of the European Cup.

Tracer Milano won its third title.
Frederick Henry Bay
Frederick Henry Bay is a body of water in the southeast of Tasmania, Australia. It is located to the east of the South Arm Peninsula, and west of the Tasman Peninsula. Towns on the coast of the bay include Lauderdale, Seven Mile Beach, Dodges Ferry and Primrose Sands. The bay is accessible via Storm Bay from the south, and provides further access to Norfolk Bay to its east.

The bay contains Seven Mile Beach on its northern shores, the closest surfing beach to Hobart.

South Arm Peninsula
South Arm Peninsula is a peninsula that lies on the east side of the mouth of the River Derwent south of Hobart in Tasmania, Australia.  The peninsula commences at Lauderdale and curves landward or inward on a narrow isthmus that has South Arm situated on the east side of the Derwent, across from Blackmans Bay on the west side. Opossum Bay is the northernmost populated place on the northward curve.

Ralphs Bay lies in the area defined by the peninsula to the west, while Storm Bay lies to the south of the peninsula, Frederick Henry Bay to the east side that separates from the Tasman Peninsula. The peninsula is located in the City of Clarence.

There are a number of organisations that use the name of the peninsula.
Musa Khan Mosque
The Musa Khan Mosque is a Sunni mosque, located in the southern part of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. Built during the Mughal era, in the 18th century, the Mughal style mosque holds significant historical value and is named after Musa Khan the son of one of the most prominent Baro-Bhuyans of medieval Bengal, Isa Khan. The mosque was founded by the grandson of Musa Khan, Diwan Munawar Khan.

The three-domed mosque is currently situated in the University of Dhaka campus, beside Shahidullah Hall and behind the Curzon Hall. The mosque is now under significant threat due to a metro-rail project of the government of Bangladesh and is included in the list of 75 structures that may face serious consequences due to the metro-rail.

Curzon Hall
Curzon Hall is a British Raj-era building and the home of the Faculty of Sciences at the University of Dhaka, located in Shahbagh.

The building was originally intended to be a town hall and is named after Lord Curzon, the Viceroy of India who laid its foundation stone in 1904. Upon the establishment of Dacca University in 1921, it became the base of the university's science faculty.
2011 Brisbane Broncos season
The 2011 Brisbane Broncos season was the 24th in the club's history. They competed in the NRL's 2011 Telstra Premiership, finishing the regular season 3rd (out of 16). The Broncos then came within one match of the grand final but were knocked out by eventual premiers, the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles. It was the last season for Brisbane's captain, all-time top points scorer and most-capped player, Darren Lockyer. Lockyer was also named the Broncos player of the season.

2011 was the Broncos' first season under new CEO Paul White who replaced Bruno Cullen in the first week of January. The following month, head coach Ivan Henjak was replaced by his assistant Anthony Griffin. NRMA replaced WOW Sight & Sound as the naming-rights sponsor of the Broncos after signing a three-year multimillion-dollar deal.

Ivan Henjak
Ivan Henjak (/hɛndʒæk/) (born 9 March 1963) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer and coach. A New South Wales Country representative half back, Henjak played his club football in the NSWRL premiership, with the St. George Dragons, Canberra Raiders, and Western Suburbs Magpies, and later in England with Hull FC.

He later became head coach for the Brisbane Broncos of the National Rugby League, the second ever, having taken over from Wayne Bennett in 2009. Henjak is also the uncle of Australia international rugby union player, Matt Henjak, while Henjak's son played front row for Australian Schoolboys.
Young's End
Young's End is a hamlet in the Braintree district of Essex, England. The population of the hamlet is included in the civil parish of Black Notley.

It is located along the former A131 road between Great Notley and Great Leighs.

Braintree District
Braintree District is a local government district in Essex, England. The district is named after the town of Braintree, where the council is based. The district also includes the towns of Halstead and Witham and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Colchester, Maldon, Chelmsford, Uttlesford, South Cambridgeshire, West Suffolk, and Babergh.
Orthogonality (term rewriting)
Orthogonality as a property of term rewriting systems (TRSs) describes where the reduction rules of the system are all left-linear, that is each variable occurs only once on the left hand side of each reduction rule, and there is no overlap between them, i.e. the TRS has no critical pairs. For example  is not left-linear.

Orthogonal TRSs have the consequent property that all reducible expressions (redexes) within a term are completely disjoint—that is, the redexes share no common function symbol.

For example, the TRS with reduction rules

is orthogonal—it is easy to observe that each reduction rule is left-linear, and the left hand side of each reduction rule shares no function symbol in common, so there is no overlap.

Orthogonal TRSs are confluent.

Confluence (abstract rewriting)
In computer science and mathematics, confluence is a property of rewriting systems, describing which terms in such a system can be rewritten in more than one way, to yield the same result. This article describes the properties in the most abstract setting of an abstract rewriting system.
Glossary of geography terms (A–M)
This glossary of geography terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in geography and related fields, including Earth science, oceanography, cartography, and human geography, as well as those describing spatial dimension, topographical features, natural resources, and the collection, analysis, and visualization of geographic data. It is split across two articles:

This page, Glossary of geography terms (A–M), lists terms beginning with the letters A through M.

Glossary of geography terms (N–Z) lists terms beginning with the letters N through Z.

Related terms may be found in Glossary of geology, Glossary of agriculture, Glossary of environmental science, and Glossary of astronomy.

Glossary of environmental science
This is a glossary of environmental science.

Environmental science is the study of interactions among physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment. Environmental science provides an integrated, quantitative, and interdisciplinary approach to the study of environmental systems.
Blue Ridge Mountain, Pennsylvania
Blue Ridge Mountain is an isolated single peak in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania overlooking a loop of the Main Branch Susquehanna River in the sparsely settled Endless Mountains in Northeastern Pennsylvania a couple of miles west of Meshoppen at latitude, longitude coordinates: 41.6078537, -76.0929827 overlooking the northern end of the Wyoming Valley region. U.S. Route 6, a main east-west secondary highway and the railroad tracks built by the Lehigh Valley Railroad once followed by the famous Black Diamond Express named luxury trains on their daily runs from New York City to Buffalo, New York passes by its foot between the summit and the left bank (north) of the Susquehanna River.

Wyoming County, Pennsylvania
Wyoming County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,069. Its county seat is Tunkhannock. It was created in 1842 from part of Luzerne County. The county is part of the Northeast Pennsylvania region of the state.

Wyoming County is included in the Scranton—Wilkes-Barre—Hazleton, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Vesiculo-vacuolar organelle
A vesiculo-vacuolar organelle (VVO) is an organelle that contributes to endothelial cell permeability. VVOs are found in the endothelium of normal blood vessels and vessels associated with tumors or allergic inflammation. VVOs, which cover the whole thickness of the vascular endothelium, are clusters of interconnected uncoated vesicles and vacuoles that resemble grapes and are surrounded by trilaminar unit membranes. These clusters have the ability to provide a trans-endothelial connection between the extravascular space and the vascular lumen.

VVOs actively transport fluid and macromolecules from the cytoplasm of endothelial cells into the blood vessel lumen, contributing to the increase in vascular permeability that occurs during the process of inflammation. This kind of transport is mediated by VEGF, one of the chemical mediators of inflammation.

Endothelium
The endothelium (pl.: endothelia) is a single layer of squamous endothelial cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. The endothelium forms an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.

Endothelial cells in direct contact with blood are called vascular endothelial cells whereas those in direct contact with lymph are known as lymphatic endothelial cells. Vascular endothelial cells line the entire circulatory system, from the heart to the smallest capillaries.

These cells have unique functions that include fluid filtration, such as in the glomerulus of the kidney, blood vessel tone, hemostasis, neutrophil recruitment, and hormone trafficking. Endothelium of the interior surfaces of the heart chambers is called endocardium. An impaired function can lead to serious health issues throughout the body.
Oman national football team results (1965–2019)
The Oman national football team is the national team of Oman that has represented Oman in international competitions since 1978. Although the team was officially founded in 1978, the squad was formed long before, and a proper football association was formed only in December 2005. The team is governed by the Oman Football Association.

Oman national football team
The Oman national football team (Arabic: منتخب عُمَان لِكُرَةُ الْقَدَم) represents Oman in men's international football, and is controlled by the Oman Football Association. Oman has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, however, they have made six appearances in the AFC Asian Cup.
Kaliningrad Special Region
Kaliningrad Special Region (Russian: Калининградский особый район) (also known as the Kaliningrad Defensive Area (Russian: Калининградский оборонительный район; Russian: КОР) was a military district of the Russian Armed Forces from 1997 to 2010. It was tasked with the defense of the Kaliningrad Oblast and protection of national interests in the southern Baltic. The area of the KDA was unique in Russia, as separate branches of the armed forces existed under a single command. In recent years, the Kaliningrad Special Region played an important role in countering the U.S. missile defense system in Europe. On September 1, 2010, the district was merged with the Leningrad and Moscow military districts to create the Western Military District.

Kaliningrad is the headquarters of the Russian Baltic Fleet, and also includes the Chernyakhovsk, Donskoye, and Kaliningrad Chkalovsk air bases.

Kaliningrad Chkalovsk
Kaliningrad Chkalovsk (also Chkalovskoye, Tchalov, or Prowehren) is a naval air base in Chkalovsk, Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia located 9 kilometers northwest of Kaliningrad. Most instances in Russian aviation literature of Chkalovsk or Chkalovskoye refer specifically to this large airfield. A significant Baltic naval base, it is Kaliningrad's largest airfield with four separate complexes for bomber and fighter parking.

The base is home to the 689th Guards Fighter Regiment which uses the Sukhoi Su-27P/UP (ASCC: Flanker) as part of the 132nd Composite Aviation Division as part of the Baltic Fleet.
Crambe
Crambe is a genus of annual and perennial flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae, native to a variety of habitats in Europe, Turkey, southwest and central Asia and eastern Africa. They carry dense racemes of tiny white or yellow flowers on (mostly leafless) stems above the basal leaves. Crambe hispanica subsp. abyssinica, formerly known as Crambe abyssinica, is grown for the oil from the seeds that has characteristics similar to whale oil.

The word "crambe" derives, via the Latin crambe, from the Greek κράμβη, a kind of cabbage.

Crambe species are used as food plants by the larvae of the weevil Lixus canescens (Coleoptera) and some Lepidoptera species including the lime-speck pug.

Crambe abyssinica
Crambe abyssinica is an annual oilseed crop of the family Brassicaceae. It is mainly cultivated due to the high levels of erucic acid that are contained in its seeds. The crambe oil is used for industrial purposes and its side products can be partly used as animal feed.
Stodmarsh SSSI
Stodmarsh SSSI is a 623.2-hectare (1,540-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest near Stodmarsh, north-east of Canterbury in Kent. Parts of it are a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, a National Nature Reserve, a Ramsar internationally important wetland site, a Special Area of Conservation and a Special Protection Area under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds.

European water vole
The European water vole (Arvicola amphibius) or northern water vole is a semi-aquatic rodent. It is often informally called the water rat, though it only superficially resembles a true rat. Water voles have rounder noses than rats, deep brown fur, chubby faces and short fuzzy ears; unlike rats their tails, paws and ears are covered with hair.

In the wild, on average, water voles only live about five months. Maximum longevity in captivity is two and a half years.
Evangelos Koronios
Evangelos Koronios, most commonly known as Angelos Koronios (alternate spelling: Aggelos, Greek: Ευάγγελος "Άγγελος" Κορωνιός; born 16 March 1969), is a Greek former professional basketball player and coach.

Greek Basketball Championship career statistical leaders
Greek Basketball Championship career statistical leaders are the all-time stats leaders of the top-tier level Greek Basketball Championship, since the league first formed its A National Category, starting with the 1963–64 season. The all-time stats leaders are divided into separate categories, based on total stats counted since the A National Category of the league was first formed, beginning with the 1963–64 season, total stats counted since the A1 National Category was first formed, beginning with the 1986–87 season, and total stats counted since the 1992–93 season, when the league first became recognized by FIBA as a fully and entirely 100% professional league of basketball.

Only the stats since the 1992–93 season, when the league first became fully professional, are officially counted and recognized. All-time career stats leaders for the Greek Basketball League's history are only officially counted since the 1992–93 season (the professional era of the competition).
Sergiu Postică
Sergiu Postică (born May 17, 1985) is a Moldovan former swimmer, who specialized in breaststroke events. He is a two-time Olympian (2004 and 2008) and a multiple-time Moldovan record holder in the 100 and 200 m breaststroke.

Postică made his first Moldovan team at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, where he competed in the men's 200 m breaststroke. He edged out Kyrgyzstan's Anton Kramarenko to take a sixth spot and forty-fifth overall by more than a second in 2:27.21.

At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Postică qualified for the men's 100 m breaststroke  by eclipsing a FINA B-standard entry time of 1:03.71 from the Russian Open Championships in Saint Petersburg. He challenged five other swimmers on the second heat, including two-time Olympian Nguyễn Hữu Việt of Vietnam. Postică raced to second place by 0.11 of a second behind Panama's Édgar Crespo in 1:03.83. Postică failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed fifty-fourth overall on the first night of preliminaries.

Anton Kramarenko
Anton Kramarenko (Russian: Антон Крамаренко; born January 27, 1984) is a Kyrgyz former swimmer, who specialized in breaststroke events. Kramarenko qualified for the men's 200 m breaststroke at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by clearing a FINA B-cut of 2:20.57 from the Kazakhstan Open Championships in Almaty. He challenged six other swimmers in heat one, including two-time Olympian Malick Fall of Senegal. He rounded out the field to last place in 2:28.59, nearly 10 seconds behind winner Bradley Ally of Barbados. Kramarenko failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed forty-sixth overall in the preliminaries.
Freestyle skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Mixed team aerials
The mixed team aerials competition in freestyle skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics was held on 10 February at the Genting Snow Park in Zhangjiakou. This was the first time a mixed team short freestyle skiing event was featured at the Olympics. The United States team, represented by Ashley Caldwell, Christopher Lillis and Justin Schoenefeld, won the event. Hosts China, with Xu Mengtao, Jia Zongyang and Qi Guangpu, won the silver medals and Canada, with Marion Thénault, Miha Fontaine and Lewis Irving, became the bronze medalists.

At the 2021–22 FIS Freestyle Ski World Cup, only two mixed team events were held before the Olympics. Both were won by China, with Russia and the United States ranked one time second and Ukraine two times third. Russia were the 2021 world champions, and Switzerland and the United States were the silver and the bronze medalists, respectively.

Freestyle skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Freestyle skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics were held at the Genting Snow Park in Zhangjiakou and Big Air Shougang in Beijing, China. The events were held between 3 and 19 February 2022. A total of 13 freestyle skiing events were held.

In July 2018, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) officially added three events to the Olympic program: big air for men and women, along with a mixed team aerials event. A total of 284 quota spots (142 per gender) were distributed to the sport, a decline of 4 from the 2018 Winter Olympics. A total of 13 events were contested, six for men, six for women and one mixed.
Thiersheim
Thiersheim is a municipality  in the district of Wunsiedel in Bavaria in Germany.

Grafenreuth, now a part of Thiersheim, was the seat of the noble family Gravenreuth for centuries.

Evangelical Lutheran Church Sankt Ägidien (Saint Giles).

Rathaus.

War memorial.

Gasthaus Weisses Ross.

Wunsiedel (district)
Wunsiedel (German: Landkreis Wunsiedel i. Fichtelgebirge) is a Landkreis (district) in the northeastern part of Bavaria, Germany. Neighbouring districts are (from the south clockwise) Tirschenreuth, Bayreuth, Hof, and to the east the Czech Republic.
1997 Tour de Suisse
The 1997 Tour de Suisse was the 61st edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 17 June to 26 June 1997. The race started in Romanshorn and finished in Zürich. The race was won by Christophe Agnolutto of the Casino team.

Tour de Suisse
The Tour de Suisse (English: Tour of Switzerland) is an annual road cycling stage race. Raced over eight days, the event covers two weekends in June, and along with the Critérium du Dauphiné, it is considered a proving ground for the Tour de France, which is on the calendar approximately two weeks after the end of the Tour de Suisse. Since 2011 the event is part of the UCI World Tour, cycling's highest level of professional races.

From 2021, a women's race has been held at the same time, with the event joining the UCI Women's World Tour from 2023.
Rhoscrowther
Rhoscrowther (Welsh: Rhoscrowdder) was a village, ecclesiastical parish and civil parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales on the south shore of the Milford Haven Waterway. The placename is Welsh and perhaps means "crwth-player's moor". It is part of the community of Angle.

Angle, Pembrokeshire
Angle (Welsh: Angl) is a village, parish and community on the southern side of the entrance to the Milford Haven Waterway in Pembrokeshire, Wales. The village school has closed, as has the village shop (with a post office). There is a bus link to Pembroke railway station.

The Sailors' Chapel, a Grade I listed building, is in the church graveyard.
At Castle Farm, there is a Pele tower and above Castle Bay there are the remains of an Iron Age fort. On the headland there are visible remains of medieval strip farming.