hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alliance Française de Toronto
Alliance Française Toronto is a cultural and language institute, part of the Alliance Française network. It consists of five centres across the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), located at Toronto Downtown (Spadina), Mississauga, North York, Oakville and Markham. The Spadina centre houses the cultural centre and a 147-seat theatre.

Founded in Paris in 1883 by Louis Pasteur, Ferdinand de Lesseps and Jules Verne, Alliance Française has always embodied the modern values of humanism, respect of linguistics and cultural diversity. Established in Toronto in 1902, Alliance Française Toronto (AFT) is a 100% Canadian non-profit and charity organization. Alliance Française Toronto has grown to become the largest French language school in Canada, the first Alliance in North America and the sixth worldwide with more than 6,500 students enrolling each year on the five campuses.

Alliance française
Alliance française (French pronunciation: [aljɑ̃s fʁɑ̃sɛːz]; "French Alliance", stylised as af) is an international organization that aims to promote the French language and francophone culture around the world. Created in Paris on 21 July 1883 under the name Alliance française pour la propagation de la langue nationale dans les colonies et à l'étranger (French alliance for the propagation of the national language in the colonies and abroad), known now simply as L'Alliance française, its primary goal is teaching French as a second language. Headquartered in Paris, the Alliance had 850 centers in 137 countries on every inhabited continent in 2014.
Sapopemba (São Paulo Metro)
Sapopemba is a monorail station of São Paulo Metro in Brazil. It belongs to Line 15-Silver, which is currently in expansion, and should go to Cidade Tiradentes, connecting with Line 2-Green in Vila Prudente. It is located in Avenida Sapopemba, 11268.

It was first scheduled, according to the Expansion Plan of the Government of the State of São Paulo, to be opened in the first semester of 2020. Later, it was officially opened on 16 December 2019, along with stations Fazenda da Juta and São Mateus.

Vila Prudente (São Paulo Metro)
Vila Prudente is a station on Line 2-Green and Line 15-Silver of the São Paulo Metro and is the terminus. There are plans to integrate the station with Expresso Tiradentes Line 2 (a bus rapid transit system). The Vila Prudente Bus Terminal is also nearby.
1983 South Australian Open
The 1983 South Australian Open was a men's professional tennis tournament held in Adelaide, Australia. The event was part of the 1983 Grand Prix circuit and was played on outdoor grass courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament and was held from 29 December to 2 January 1984. Fifth-seeded Mike Bauer won the singles title.

1983 Grand Prix (tennis)
The 1983 Volvo Grand Prix was a professional tennis circuit held that year. It incorporated the four grand slam tournaments, the Grand Prix tournaments, and two team tournaments (the Davis Cup and the World Team Cup). The circuit was administered by the Men's International Professional Tennis Council (MIPTC).
Kamleshwar Dodiyar
Kamleshwar Dodiyar (born 1990) is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh. He is a member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Sailana Assembly constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Tribe community, in Ratlam district. He won the 2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, representing the Bharat Adivasi Party. He is the only non-BJP and non-Congress MLA in the 16th Madhya Pradesh Assembly.

16th Madhya Pradesh Assembly
The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh was constituted after the 2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election which were concluded in November 2023. The results was declared on 3 December 2023.
Benny Gaughran (Gaelic footballer)
Bernard Laurence Gaughran (born 16 July 1945), better known as Benny Gaughran is a solicitor and Gaelic footballer. He played Gaelic football at a senior level in four different decades starting in the 1960s with Clan na Gael (Louth), UCD (Dublin), Civil Service (Dublin) and St Sylvester's (Dublin) GAA clubs and was a member of the Louth Minor & Senior inter-county teams from the 1960s until the 1980s and the Dublin Over 40s team in the 1990s. He received several All Stars nominations, and won an All-Ireland Club medal with UCD (Dublin), three Dublin Championship medals, a National League medal, a Railway Cup medal, a Sigerson’s medal (as captain) and many other honours. He was also selected on numerous occasions for the combined universities’ teams and the Leinster team.

His father, also called Benny Gaughran, was a professional soccer player during the 1930s and played for Bohemians, Celtic, Southampton, Sunderland, Rochdale and Dundalk.

Combined Universities GAA
Combined Universities GAA was a Gaelic football and hurling team that was made up of players from the major universities of Ireland. The players were taken from St Patrick's College, Maynooth, Queen's University Belfast, Trinity College Dublin, University College Cork, University College Dublin, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, and University College Galway. In the 1980s Combined Advanced Colleges GAA (Combined Colleges) joined in to make the annual contests between Combined Universities, Army (Defence Forces) and Garda a quadrangular tournament.
The Widower's Son
The Widower's Son is a 1976 novel by the British writer Alan Sillitoe. It tells the story of a man who leaves the Nottinghamshire coal mines after his friend is killed in an accident and, to his father's disgust, joins the army. When his wife dies, he has to bring up their son alone.

It was reviewed in the New Statesman by Julian Barnes who, while more sympathetic than he had been to a recent novel by another of the 'angry young men' John Braines Waiting for Sheila, claimed that the author's "prose still tends to confuse awkwardness with integrity".

Waiting for Sheila
Waiting for Sheila is a 1976 novel by the British writer John Braine.

Julian Barnes wrote a scathing review of the novel in the New Statesman, leading Braine to respond in a letter in which he attacked Barnes saying, "I'm not going to be reproved for materialism by a thoroughgoing middle-class materialist".
Mechanical Galleon
The Mechanical Galleon is an elaborate nef or table ornament in the form of a ship, which is also an automaton and clock. It was constructed in about 1585 by Hans Schlottheim in southern Germany. It was in the possession of Augustus, Elector of Saxony (who would have been one of the model courtiers shown on the ship). The model is now in the British Museum in London. Two other similar models are located in museums in France and Austria, the Château d'Écouen north of Paris, and the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna.

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Rudolf II (18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612) was Holy Roman Emperor (1576–1612), King of Hungary and Croatia (as Rudolf I, 1572–1608), King of Bohemia (1575–1608/1611) and Archduke of Austria (1576–1608). He was a member of the House of Habsburg.

Rudolf's legacy has traditionally been viewed in three ways: an ineffectual ruler whose mistakes led directly to the Thirty Years' War; a great and influential patron of Northern Mannerist art; and an intellectual devotee of occult arts and learning which helped seed what would be called the Scientific Revolution. Determined to unify Christendom, he initiated the Long Turkish War (1593–1606) with the Ottoman Empire. Exhausted by war, his citizens in Hungary revolted in the Bocskai Uprising, which led to more authority being given to his brother Matthias. Under Rudolf's reign, there was a policy of tolerance towards Judaism.
Supermarine Swan
The Supermarine Swan was a 1920s British commercial biplane flying boat designed by R.J. Mitchell. A single machine was built by Supermarine at their works at Woolston, Southampton. The world's first twin-engine amphibian aircraft, it was the precursor to the Supermarine Southampton.

Completed as a wooden aerial reconnaissance flying boat, the Swan first flew on 25 March 1924. It was on display at Woolston during a visit by the Prince of Wales in June 1924. In 1926, it was registered as G-EBJY, having been converted for use as a passenger carrier, and was loaned to Imperial Airways to supplement their commercial fleet. The Swan's accommodation was modified to allow for up 10 passengers. After being used for a passenger service between England and France, the Swan was returned to the Air Ministry in March 1927. It was scrapped the following year.

Amphibious aircraft
An amphibious aircraft, or amphibian, is an aircraft that can take off and land on both solid ground and water. These aircraft are typically fixed-wing, though amphibious helicopters do exist as well. Fixed-wing amphibious aircraft are seaplanes (flying boats and floatplanes) which are equipped with retractable wheels, at the expense of extra weight and complexity, plus diminished range and fuel economy compared with planes designed specifically for land-only or water-only operation.
Spatuloricaria puganensis
Spatuloricaria puganensis, sometimes known as the longtail pleco, is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Marañón River basin in Peru. The species reaches 22 cm (8.7 inches) in length.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Edith Windsor
Edith Windsor (née Schlain; June 20, 1929 – September 12, 2017) was an American LGBT rights activist and a technology manager at IBM. She was the lead plaintiff in the 2013  Supreme Court of the United States case United States v. Windsor, which overturned Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act and was considered a landmark legal victory for the same-sex marriage movement in the United States. The Obama administration and federal agencies extended rights, privileges and benefits to married same-sex couples because of the decision.

Time Person of the Year
Person of the Year, called Man of the Year or Woman of the Year until 1999, is an annual issue of the American news magazine and website Time featuring a person, group, idea, or object that "for better or for worse ... has done the most to influence the events of the year". The Time website or a partner organization also runs an annual online reader's poll that has no effect on the selection, although no poll was held in 2023 or 2024.
Thiol-ene reaction
In organosulfur chemistry, the thiol-ene reaction (also alkene hydrothiolation) is an organic reaction between a thiol (R−SH) and an alkene (R2C=CR2) to form a thioether (R−S−R'). This reaction was first reported in 1905, but it gained prominence in the late 1990s and early 2000s for its feasibility and wide range of applications. This reaction is accepted as a click chemistry reaction given the reactions' high yield, stereoselectivity, high rate, and thermodynamic driving force.

The reaction results in an anti-Markovnikov addition of a thiol compound to an alkene. Given the stereoselectivity, high rate and yields, this  synthetically useful reaction may underpin future applications in material and biomedical sciences.

Thiol
In organic chemistry, a thiol (/ˈθaɪɒl/; from Ancient Greek  θεῖον (theion) 'sulfur'), or thiol derivative, is any organosulfur compound of the form R−SH, where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent. The −SH functional group itself is referred to as either a thiol group or a sulfhydryl group, or a sulfanyl group. Thiols are the sulfur analogue of alcohols (that is, sulfur takes the place of oxygen in the hydroxyl (−OH) group of an alcohol), and the word is a blend of "thio-" with "alcohol".

Many thiols have strong odors resembling that of garlic, cabbage or rotten eggs. Thiols are used as odorants to assist in the detection of natural gas (which in pure form is odorless). The smell of natural gas is due to the addition of thiol.
In Demand
In Demand (stylized as iN DEMAND) was an American cable television service which provided video on demand services, including pay-per-view. Comcast, Cox Communications, and Charter Communications (with former independent companies Time Warner Cable and Bright House Networks) jointly operated the service.

Paramount Media Networks
Paramount Media Networks is the division of Paramount Skydance Corporation that oversees the operations of its television channels and online brands. The division was originally founded as MTV Networks in 1984, named after MTV. It would be known under this name until 2011; when it would be thereafter known as Viacom Media Networks until 2019; and ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks until 2022.

The division's television assets are managed through four units: MTV Entertainment Group, Showtime Networks, BET Media Group, and Nickelodeon Group. Paramount's international/foreign assets are overseen by Paramount International Networks.
85th Test and Evaluation Squadron
The 85th Test and Evaluation Squadron is part of the 53d Wing at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida.  It conducts testing and evaluation for the F-15 Eagle, F-15E Strike Eagle, and F-16 Fighting Falcon airframes.

Foggia Airfield Complex
The Foggia Airfield Complex was a series of World War II military airfields located within a 40 km (25 mi) radius of Foggia, in the Province of Foggia, in southern Italy. The airfields were used by the United States Army Air Forces' Fifteenth Air Force as part of the strategic bombardment campaign against Nazi Germany in 1944 and 1945, as well as the Twelfth Air Force, the British Royal Air Force and the South African Air Force during the Italian Campaign (1943–1945).
Greifensteine
The Greifensteine is a rock tower in the Ore Mountains, Germany, between the towns of Geyer, Ehrenfriedersdorf and Jahnsbach. The highest of the seven granite rocks reaches 731 m. Another six rock towers were demolished by quarrying, which ended in 1923.

Ehrenfriedersdorf
Ehrenfriedersdorf (German pronunciation: [eːʁənˈfʁiːdɐsdɔʁf] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Erzgebirgskreis, in Saxony, Germany. It is situated 8 km northwest of Annaberg-Buchholz, and 21 km south of Chemnitz.
Lachenal & Co.
Lachenal & Co. was a British firm producing concertinas from approximately 1850–1936. The firm was founded by Louis L. Lachenal (c. 1821–1861), a Swiss emigrant to the United Kingdom, who arrived there in 1839, and by 1844 was working in support of the famous Wheatstone concertina firm before founding a supporting contract firm and by 1858, an independent firm.

Lachenal's innovations in concertina production led his company to become one of the most prolific concertina producers of the era.

Charles Wheatstone
Sir Charles Wheatstone (/ˈwiːtstən/; 6 February 1802 – 19 October 1875) was an English physicist and inventor best known for his contributions to the development of the Wheatstone bridge, originally invented by Samuel Hunter Christie, which is used to measure an unknown electrical resistance, and as a major figure in the development of telegraphy. His other contributions include the English concertina, the stereoscope (a device for displaying three-dimensional images) and the Playfair cipher (an encryption technique).
2015 OEC Taipei WTA Challenger
The 2015 OEC Taipei WTA Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 8th edition of OEC's Taipei Open tournaments, and part of the 2015 WTA 125K series. It took place in Taipei, Taiwan, on 16–22 November 2015.

2015 WTA 125K series
The 2015 WTA 125K series was the secondary professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association. The [WTA 125K series calendar consists of six tournaments, each with a total prize fund of $125,000. After 2014, both the Suzhou, and Ningbo events folded, with Suzhou being replaced by a tournament in Dalian, and new events starting in Carlsbad and Hua Hin.
2026 New York State Comptroller election
The 2026 New York State Comptroller election will take place on November 3, 2026, to elect the state comptroller of New York. Incumbent Democrat Thomas DiNapoli is seeking re-election to a fifth full term. It will be held alongside elections for governor, attorney general, state assembly, state senate, and United States representatives.

2026 New York Attorney General election
The 2026 New York Attorney General election is scheduled to take place on November 3, 2026, to elect the Attorney General of New York. Incumbent Democratic Attorney General Letitia James has announced that she will run for a third term.
Radulphus Brito
Radulphus Brito (c. 1270 – 1320) was an influential grammarian and philosopher, based in Paris. He is usually identified as Raoul le Breton, though this is disputed by some. Besides works of grammatical speculation he wrote on Aristotle, Boethius and Priscian.

Radulphus was Master of arts in the University of Paris in 1296, and joined the theology faculty in 1311. Very few of his works are edited, although he was a prolific and influential writer. He was one of a group of grammarians called the Modistae or modists who flourished around Paris from about 1260 to 1310, so-called because they wrote on the mode of signifying.

Priscian
Priscianus Caesariensis (fl. AD 500), commonly known as Priscian (/ˈprɪʃən/ or /ˈprɪʃiən/), was a Latin grammarian and the author of the Institutes of Grammar, which was the standard textbook for the study of Latin during the Middle Ages. It also provided the raw material for the field of speculative grammar.
Deptford High Street
Deptford High Street is a street in the Deptford area of the London Borough of Lewisham in south east London. It runs northwards from its southern junction with New Cross Road/Deptford Broadway (A2) for approximately 0.5 miles (0.8 km) to Evelyn Street/Creek Road (A200).

The northern half of the street passes under Deptford railway station, operated by Southeastern, on the North Kent Line. Opened in 1836, and situated upon the London Bridge – Greenwich Railway Viaduct, Deptford station is reputedly the oldest railway station in London.

A2 road (England)
The A2 is a major road in south-east England, connecting London with the English Channel port of Dover in Kent. This route has always been of importance as a connection between London and sea trade routes to Continental Europe. It was originally known as the Dover Road. The M2 motorway has replaced part of the A2 as the strategic route.

Unlike the other single digit A-roads in Great Britain, the A2 does not form a zone boundary. The boundary between Zones 1 and 2 is the River Thames.
Marian McGennis
Marian McGennis (born November 1953) is an Irish former Fianna Fáil politician.

A former civil servant, McGennis unsuccessfully contested the Dublin North constituency at the 1992 general election, and was then nominated to the 20th Seanad by Taoiseach Albert Reynolds, where she served from 1993 to 1997.

She first elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin Central constituency at the 1997 general election. The constituency boundaries were changed before the 2002 general election and she instead contested the Dublin South-Central constituency which had gained an extra seat. However, she was not re-elected.

McGennnis was a member of Dublin County Council from 1985 to 1991, and of Fingal County Council from 1993 to 1998. She was elected to Dublin City Council 1999 as a councillor for Ballyfermot, but was defeated at the 2004 local elections.

She was educated at St Patrick's College, Maynooth.

20th Seanad
The 20th Seanad was in office from 1993 to 1997. An election to Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament), followed the 1992 general election to the 27th Dáil. The senators served until the close of poll for the 21st Seanad.
Maktar
Maktar or Makthar (Arabic: مكثر), also known by other names during antiquity, is a town and archaeological site in Siliana Governorate, Tunisia.

Maktar was founded by the Berber Numidians as a defense post against Carthaginian expansion. At the end of the Third Punic War, it was settled by many Punic refugees after the Romans' destruction of Carthage in 146 BC. Under Roman rule, it obtained the status of a free city under Julius Caesar in 46 BC and became a Roman colony in AD 146. It formed part of the province of Byzacena and was the seat of a Christian bishop. Under the Romans and Byzantines, it reversed its earlier role to serve as a defense post against local Berber attacks. The town survived the Muslim invasions but was destroyed by the Banu Hilal tribe in the 11th century before being reëstablished. The present town had a population of 13,576 in 2014.

Dougga
Dougga or Thugga or TBGG (Arabic: دقة, romanized: Duqqah; Tunisian Arabic: دڨة, romanized: Duggaⓘ) was a Berber, Punic and Roman settlement near present-day Téboursouk in northern Tunisia. The current archaeological site covers 75 hectares (190 acres). UNESCO qualified Dougga as a World Heritage Site in 1997, believing that it represents "the best-preserved Roman small town in North Africa". The site, which lies in the middle of the countryside, has been protected from the encroachment of modern urbanization, in contrast, for example, to Carthage, which has been pillaged and rebuilt on numerous occasions. Dougga's size, its well-preserved monuments and its rich Numidian-Berber, Punic, ancient Roman, and Byzantine history make it exceptional. Amongst the most famous monuments at the site are a Libyco-Punic Mausoleum, the Capitol, the Roman theatre, and the temples of Saturn and of Juno Caelestis.
Mising people
The Mising people or Miri people (/ˈmiːsɪŋ/ or /ˈmɪsɪŋ/) are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group living mostly in the Northeast Indian states of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. Their Mising language is a part of the Tani languages and the Tibeto-Burman language group. The Misings are a major ethnic group of Assam, the second largest tribe after the Bodos. 15.4% of Assam's tribal population speaks Mising, but many more speak Assamese (24.7%) and Mising organisations estimate that the unofficial Mising population is 1.2 million rather than the 587,310 declared by the 2001 census of India.

Tibeto-Burman languages
The Tibeto-Burman languages are the non-Chinese members of the Sino-Tibetan language family, over 400 of which are spoken throughout the Southeast Asian Massif ("Zomia") as well as parts of East Asia and South Asia. Around 60 million people speak Tibeto-Burman languages. The name derives from the most widely spoken of these languages, Burmese and the Tibetic languages, which also have extensive literary traditions, dating from the 12th and 7th centuries respectively. Most of the other languages are spoken by much smaller communities, and many of them have not been described in detail.

Though the division of Sino-Tibetan into Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman branches (e.g. Benedict, Matisoff) is widely used, some historical linguists criticize this classification, as the non-Sinitic Sino-Tibetan languages lack any shared innovations in phonology or morphology to show that they comprise a clade of the phylogenetic tree.