hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mirror of the Polish Crown
Mirror of the Polish Crown (Polish: Zwierciadło Korony Polskiej; full title Mirror of the Polish Crown expressing the profound insults and great anxieties it receives from the Jews) is an antisemitic pamphlet published in 1618 by Sebastian Miczyński, professor of philosophy at the Jagellonian University in Kraków. Because this pamphlet was one of the causes of the anti-Jewish riots in Kraków, to the petition from local Jews, it was censored by Sigismund III Vasa. Despite this, the book run through numerous reprints.

In this pamphlet Jews were accused of political treachery, robbery, swindling, murder, witchcraft, and sacrilege; however religious accusations are of secondary importance. The pamphlet mainly focuses on the economic activities of the Jews and advocates the expulsion of the Jews from Poland.

Pamphlet
A pamphlet is an unbound book (that is, without a hard cover or binding). Pamphlets may consist of a single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides and folded in half, in thirds, or in fourths, called a leaflet, or it may consist of a few pages that are folded and saddle stapled or sewn at the crease to make a simple book.

In the "International Standardization of Statistics Relating to Book Production and Periodicals", UNESCO defines a pamphlet as "a non-periodical printed publication of 5 to 48 pages, excluding covers, published in a specific country and available to the public," while a book is "a non-periodical printed publication of at least 49 pages, excluding covers." These definitions are intended solely for UNESCO's book production statistics.
Masy
Masy (Kyrgyz: Масы), previously known since 1937 until 1991 as Leninzhol, is a large village in Jalal-Abad Region, Kyrgyzstan. Its population was 19,774 in 2021. It is the seat of the Masy ayyl aymagy (village community) and Nooken District. The Bishkek - Osh highway passing through Massy goes west to Kochkor-Ata and east to Bazar-Korgon and Jalal-Abad city.

Bazar-Korgon
Bazar-Korgon (Kyrgyz: Базар-Коргон) is a town in the Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan. It was officially established as a city in January 2021. Its population was 41,011 as of 2021, approximately 80% of whom were ethnic Uzbeks.
Lord Howe woodhen
The Lord Howe woodhen (Hypotaenidia sylvestris) also known as the Lord Howe Island woodhen, Lord Howe wood rail, Lord Howe rail or Lord Howe Island rail, is a flightless bird of the rail family, Rallidae. It is endemic to Lord Howe Island off the Australian coast. It is currently classified as endangered by the IUCN. The species was formerly placed in the genus Gallirallus.

Lord Howe currawong
The Lord Howe currawong (Strepera graculina crissalis), Lord Howe Island currawong or Lord Howe pied currawong, is a large and mainly black passerine bird in the family Artamidae.  It is endemic to Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea, part of New South Wales, Australia, and is a threatened subspecies of the pied currawong.
Edmonton-Decore
Edmonton-Decore is a provincial electoral district in Alberta, Canada. It is one of 87 districts mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta using the first past the post method of voting. It was most recently contested in the general election of 2019. The riding is located in north central Edmonton. It was created in the 2004 boundary redistribution out of a small part of Edmonton-Manning and most of Edmonton-Glengarry. The riding is named after Laurence Decore, former Leader of the Opposition and Mayor of Edmonton.

Neighbourhoods in this riding include: Kildare, Killarney, Northmount, Evansdale, Belle Rive, Mayliewan, Delwood, Glengarry, and Balwin.

The riding has been held by representatives of the Progressive Conservative, Liberal, and New Democratic parties since it was created. The current representative is New Democratic Party MLA Sharif Haji, who was first elected in the 2023 general election.

Edmonton-Glengarry
Edmonton-Glengarry was a provincial electoral district in Alberta, Canada, mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta using the first past the post method of voting from 1979 to 2004.
Xaveri Congo
Xaveri Congo is a Catholic youth organization in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Xaveri Congo is part of the African Xaveri Movement and a member of the Catholic umbrella of youth organizations Fimcap.

Fimcap
The FIMCAP, which is short for Fédération Internationale des Mouvements Catholiques d'Action Paroissiale (French for "International Federation of Catholic Parochial Youth Movements"), is an umbrella organization for Catholic youth organizations. Its 34 member organizations are based in 32 countries. The FIMCAP was founded in 1962 and is recognised as an official Catholic organization by the Dicastery for Laity, Family and Life. FIMCAP is also a full member of the European Youth Forum.
Methyldioxirane
Methyldioxirane is an organic chemical consisting of a methyl group as substituent on a dioxirane ring. It is a highly unstable structure that has been proposed as part of a decomposition reaction of acetaldehyde oxide, the Criegee intermediate during some ozonolysis reactions. The methyl group helps reduce the rate of ring-opening of the dioxirane, but it does not become usefully stable until a second substient is present as in the structure of dimethyldioxirane.

Dioxirane
In chemistry, dioxirane (systematically named dioxacyclopropane, also known as methylene peroxide or peroxymethane) is an organic compound with formula CH2O2.  The molecule consists of a ring with one methylene and two oxygen atoms.  It is of interest as the smallest cyclic organic peroxide, but otherwise it is of little practical value.
Lefschetz fixed-point theorem
In mathematics, the Lefschetz fixed-point theorem is a formula that counts the fixed points of a continuous mapping from a compact topological space  to itself  by means of traces of the induced mappings on the homology groups of . It is named after Solomon Lefschetz, who first stated it in 1926.

The counting is subject to an imputed multiplicity at a fixed point called the fixed-point index. A weak version of the theorem is enough to show that a mapping without any fixed point must have rather special topological properties (like a rotation of a circle).

Euler characteristic
In mathematics, and more specifically in algebraic topology and polyhedral combinatorics, the Euler characteristic (or Euler number, or Euler–Poincaré characteristic) is a topological invariant, a number that describes a topological space's shape or structure regardless of the way it is bent. It is commonly denoted by  (Greek lower-case letter chi).

The Euler characteristic was originally defined for polyhedra and used to prove various theorems about them, including the classification of the Platonic solids. It was stated for Platonic solids in 1537 in an unpublished manuscript by Francesco Maurolico. Leonhard Euler, for whom the concept is named, introduced it for convex polyhedra more generally but failed to rigorously prove that it is an invariant. In modern mathematics, the Euler characteristic arises from homology and, more abstractly, homological algebra.
European Patent Institute
The Institute of Professional Representatives before the European Patent Office, also known as European Patent Institute (epi), is a professional association of European patent attorneys and an international non-governmental public law corporation. It was founded on 21 October 1977 by the Administrative Council of the European Patent Organisation by adopting the Regulation on the establishment of an institute of professional representatives before the European Patent Office. All European patent attorneys, i.e. all persons entitled to act as professional representatives before the EPO (by virtue of either the European qualifying examination or the provisions of Article 163(7) EPC 1973), are members of the institute. As of 2023, the institute has about 13,800 members across 39 member states.

The European Patent Institute publishes a quarterly journal, the epi Information (ISSN 1434-8853).

Administrative Council of the European Patent Organisation
The Administrative Council of the European Patent Organisation is one of the two organs of the European Patent Organisation (EPOrg), the other being the European Patent Office (EPO). The Administrative Council acts as the Organisation's supervisory body as well as, to a limited extent, its legislative body. The actual legislative power to revise the European Patent Convention (EPC) lies with the Contracting States themselves when meeting at a Conference of the Contracting States. In contrast, the EPO acts as executive body of the Organisation.
George and Bertha Graff House
The George and Bertha Graff House is a historic house in Santa Clara, Utah. It was built with adobe in 1908 by George A. Graff, a farmer of Swiss descent. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since December 4, 1998.

Adobe
Adobe (/əˈdoʊbi/ ⓘ ə-DOH-bee; Spanish: [aˈðoβe]; via Spanish, from Arabic  الطّوب (at-tūb)) is a building material made from loam and organic materials. Adobe is Spanish for mudbrick. In some English-speaking regions of Spanish heritage, such as the Southwestern United States, the term is used to refer to any kind of earthen construction, or various architectural styles like Pueblo Revival or Territorial Revival. Most adobe buildings are similar in appearance to cob and rammed earth buildings. Adobe is among the earliest building materials, and is used throughout the world.

Adobe architecture has been dated to before 5,100 BP.
Inverno e Monteleone
Inverno e Monteleone (Italian pronunciation: [iɱˈvɛrno e mmonteleˈoːne] Vogherese: Invèrän e Muntagliòn) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 35 km southeast of Milan and about 20 km east of Pavia.

Inverno e Monteleone borders the following municipalities: Corteolona e Genzone, Gerenzago, Miradolo Terme, Sant'Angelo Lodigiano, Santa Cristina e Bissone, Villanterio.

Sant'Angelo Lodigiano
Sant'Angelo Lodigiano (locally Sant'Angel) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lodi in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Milan and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) southwest of Lodi.
Criciúma
Criciúma (Portuguese pronunciation: [kɾisiˈumɐ]) is a city in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina. At 28°40′39″S 49°22′11″W﻿ / ﻿28.67750°S 49.36972°W﻿ / -28.67750; -49.36972, it is located 180 km south of Florianópolis, the state capital and around 900 km south of São Paulo. The city is the center of Brazil's flooring and home materials industry, and is the second-largest such center in the world.

Nova Veneza, Santa Catarina
Nova Veneza (a Portuguese name meaning "New Venice") is a Brazilian municipality located in Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. It has 15,342 inhabitants and was settled by immigrants from Venice in 1891.

People of Venetian descent make up 95% of the population.
Tihonet Pond
Tihonet Pond is an 89-acre (360,000 m2) pond in Wareham, Massachusetts. The Wankinco River flows through the pond. Tihonet village lies on the southern shore of the pond.

Environmental Protection Agency

Wareham, Massachusetts
Wareham (/ˈwɛərhæm/ WAIR-ham) is a town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 23,303.

Wareham is in the southern outskirts of Greater Boston, and is a part of the South Coast region of Massachusetts which encompasses the cities and towns that surround Buzzards and Mount Hope bays.
Chilapa de Álvarez
Chilapa de Álvarez, informally known as Chilapa, is a town located in the municipality of Chilapa de Álvarez in the Mexican state of Guerrero. The town is located approximately 54 kilometers east of the state capital Chilpancingo.

Chilapa is noted for its large Saturday tianguis, or Aztec market, and its crafts. Local culinary specialities of Chilapa include pozole, chalupas, pan de chilapa bread, and homemade mezcal. The municipal cathedral has a mechanical figurine of Juan Diego, who appears at a window in the cathedral spire and drops rose petals onto the plaza below.

Every August 15, a festival called Tigrada is held on the streets of Chilapa. It is linked to Mesoamerican mythology and is supposed to call on the Aztec god Tepēyōllōtl to bring rainfall and productive land.

Chilpancingo
Chilpancingo de los Bravo (commonly shortened to Chilpancingo; Spanish pronunciation: [tʃilpanˈsiŋɡo] ⓘ; Nahuatl:  Chilpantzinco (pronounced [t͡ʃiɬpanˈt͡siŋko])) is the capital and second-largest city of the Mexican state of Guerrero. In 2010 it had a population of 187,251 people. The municipality has an area of 2,338.4 km2 (902.9 sq mi) in the south-central part of the state, situated in the Sierra Madre del Sur mountains, on the bank of the Huacapa River. The city is on Federal Highway 95, which connects Acapulco to Mexico City. It is served by Chilpancingo National Airport, which is one of the five airports in the state.
Jurat ash-Sham'a
Jurat ash-Sham'a is a Palestinian village located ten kilometers south of Bethlehem. The village is in the Bethlehem Governorate in the southern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the village had a population of 1,778 in 2017. The primary healthcare is obtained in Beit Fajjar where the Ministry of Heath have classified the care facilities as level 3.

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, the town has been held under Israeli occupation. The population in the 1967 census conducted by the Israeli authorities was 263.

Beit Fajjar
Beit Fajjar (Arabic: بيت فجّار) is a Palestinian town located eight kilometers south of Bethlehem in the Bethlehem Governorate, in the central West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of over 13,520 in 2017.

Beit Fajjar was founded in the 18th century.
Sugar-Salem High School
Sugar-Salem High School is a four-year public secondary school in Sugar City, Idaho, the only traditional high school of the Sugar-Salem Joint School District #322 in Madison County. The school colors are royal blue and white and the mascot is a digger, a reference to sugar beet cultivation.

The school district takes in students from the surrounding area, from the local non-census designated communities of Salem (mostly inside Madison County, but partially straddling Fremont County) and Plano on the west to beyond the town of Newdale on the east. On the north, it borders Fremont County, following the Snake River tributary known as Henrys Fork. On the south, it borders Madison School District and the city of Rexburg.

Fremont County, Idaho
Fremont County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census the county had a population of 13,388. The county seat and largest city is St. Anthony. The county was established in 1893, and was named for the explorer John C. Frémont. Fremont County is part of the Rexburg, Idaho micropolitan area, which is also included in the Idaho Falls metropolitan area.
Telo (district)
Telo is a district in the South West Region of Ethiopia. The capital city is Oda. This district has its origins in the province Chetta of the former Kingdom of Kaffa. Part of the Keffa Zone, Telo is bordered on the south by Cheta, on the west by Decha, on the north by Menjiwo, and on the east by the Konta special district. Towns in Telo include Felege Selam. Cheta district was separated from Telo. In Telo district there are many tourism areas such as shinat ino, boreta valley (washa), shada earth ear (ye meret joro), the 18th Kafa cemetery (mekane mekabr). In Telo there are 24 kebele and one district administration.

Konta Zone
Konta, previously called Ela, is a zone in the Southwest Region of Ethiopia. It is named after Konta people who speak the dialects called Kontatsuwa which is one of Omotic languages. Before joining to Southwest Ethiopia Regional State, Konta was special woreda. This zone is bordered on the southeast by the Omo River which separates it from Gofa Zone, on the south by Debub Omo Zone, on the west by the Keffa Zone, on the north by Jimma Zone, and on the east by the Dawro Zone; the Denchya River defines the southern part of the boundary with the Keficho Shekicho Zone. The administrative center of the zone is Amaya. Other town include Chida.
Bluff, KwaZulu-Natal
Bluff or The Bluff is a geographical area, containing eight suburbs in Durban, eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The Bluff forms a large part of the South Durban Basin, a sub-region located south of Durban.

Wentworth, KwaZulu-Natal
Wentworth is an area of Durban, South Africa in the province of KwaZulu-Natal. It is completely located inside the South Durban Basin. The Wentworth area is located near the M4 and M7 freeways and is approximately 11 km south of the Durban city centre.
RNLB Alfred Corry
RNLB Alfred Corry (ON 353) is a Norfolk and Suffolk-class, non-self-righting, sailing and rowing lifeboat which served in the town of Southwold in the county of Suffolk. The boat was funded and crewed by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI). She is kept on display in a museum in Southwold.

Norfolk and Suffolk-class lifeboat
Norfolk and Suffolk-class lifeboats were a class of lifeboat operated almost exclusively off the coast of East Anglia. The first boats found favour with the various rescue societies, such as the Norfolk Shipwreck Association and the Suffolk Humane Society, as well as companies of Boatmen, such as the Gorleston Rangers, before being adopted and continued by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI).
Waltham Abbey Royal Gunpowder Mills
The Royal Gunpowder Mills are a former industrial site in Waltham Abbey, England.
It was one of three Royal Gunpowder Mills in the United Kingdom (the others being at Ballincollig and Faversham). Waltham Abbey is the only site to have survived virtually intact.

The Royal Gunpowder Mills, Waltham Abbey, were in operation for over 300 years. Starting in the mid-1850s the site became involved in the development of revolutionary nitro-based explosives and propellants known as "smokeless powder". The site grew in size, and black powder became less important.

Shortly after the Second World War it became solely a Defence Research Establishment – firstly the Explosives Research and Development Establishment, then the Propellants, Explosives and Rocket Motor Establishment Waltham Abbey; and finally the Royal Armament Research and Development Establishment Waltham Abbey.

Defence Research Establishments
The Defence Research Establishments were a number of separate UK Ministry of Defence Research Establishments, dating back to World War II, World War I, or even earlier. Each establishment had its own head; known as the Director or the Superintendent. Prior to the formation of the Ministry of Defence each of the three Services, i.e. the Royal Air Force, the Admiralty and the War Office, had their own research establishments; although some establishments had tri-service functions.
French Cameroon
French Cameroon, also known as the French Cameroons (French: Cameroun), was a French mandate territory in Central Africa. It now forms part of the independent country of Cameroon.

French Cameroon was created from the eastern part of the former German colony of Cameroon (German: Deutsche Kolonie Kamerun). Its status, from 1919, was that of a ‘mandated territory’ of the League of Nations (LON), later becoming a ‘trust territory’ under the United Nations (UN). It was also a member of the French Union as an associated territory, then a trust state of Cameroon, and finally a member state of the French Community.

Ruben Um Nyobè
Ruben Um Nyobè (1913 – 13 September 1958) was an anti-colonialist and nationalist Cameroonian leader, slain by the French army on 13 September 1958, near his natal village of Boumnyebel, in the department of Nyong-et-Kellé in the maquis Bassa.
1990 NCAA women's golf championship
The 1990 NCAA Women's Golf Championships were contested at the ninth annual NCAA-sanctioned golf tournament to determine the individual and team national champions of women's collegiate golf in the United States. Until 1996, the NCAA would hold just one annual women's golf championship for all programs across Division I, Division II, and Division III.

The tournament was held at the Cobblestone Park Golf Course in Blythewood, South Carolina, a suburb of Columbia.

Arizona State won the team championship, the Sun Devils' first.

Susan Slaughter, from Arizona, won the individual title.

NCAA Division I women's golf championship
The NCAA Division I Women's Golf Championship, played in the month of May, is the annual competition in women's collegiate golf for individuals and teams from universities in Division I. Golf was one of twelve women's sports added to the NCAA championship program for the 1981-82 school year. From its inception through 2014, it was a stroke play team competition with an additional individual award. Beginning in 2015, after 72 holes of stroke play, the top eight teams play in single-elimination match play to determine the team champion.

Many individual winners have gone on to have successful careers on the LPGA Tour, including 1991 champion Annika Sörenstam and 1999 champion Grace Park.

The Division I competition started in 1982. A combined Division II and Division III championship was held from 1996 to 1999, splitting into separate championships starting in 2000.
Chuck Versus the Seduction Impossible
"Chuck Versus the Seduction Impossible" is the fourteenth episode of the fourth season of Chuck. It originally aired on February 7, 2011.  This episode followed the intended season finale, "Chuck Versus the Push Mix", making it the first of an additional eleven episodes ordered. Chuck Bartowski, Sarah Walker, and John Casey are sent to Morocco to rescue old friend Roan Montgomery (John Larroquette), while Morgan Grimes meets Alex Hugh's (Mekenna Melvin) mother (Clare Carey) and Mary Elizabeth Bartowski (Linda Hamilton) tries to reconnect with her family.

Chuck season 4
The fourth season of Chuck was announced on May 13, 2010. Having initially ordered 13 episodes, NBC ordered an additional 11 on October 19, 2010 for a total of 24 episodes.
Throughout the season, Chuck faced individual villains: Alexei Volkoff, head of Volkoff Industries, and Volkoff's daughter, Vivian McArthur.

Josh Schwartz and Chris Fedak expressed a desire to continue the series past the fourth season as early as March 2011, when it was announced that the season finale would be titled "Chuck Versus the Cliffhanger". The episode, as the title suggests, had a cliffhanger ending leading into the fifth and final season, which was ordered on May 13, 2011.
History of Freeview UK
Freeview is the collection of free-to-air services on the digital terrestrial television platform in the United Kingdom. The service was launched at 5 am on 30 October 2002 and is jointly operated by its five equal shareholders – BBC, ITV, Channel 4, BSkyB and transmitter operator Arqiva.

ITV1 HD
ITV1 HD is a British free-to-air high-definition public broadcast television network operated by ITV plc, the company which is contracted to provide 13 ITV1 services across the UK. ITV1 HD simulcasts them in high-definition. ITV1 HD is available to view in England, Wales, Scottish Borders and the Channel Islands on Freesat via channel 103, Freeview channel 103, Sky channel 103, Virgin Media channel 103 and in Switzerland on SwisscomTV.

From 2 April 2010, ITV1 HD relaunched as a standard channel available on all digital platforms. It now identifies on-air simply as ITV1, without "HD" in a logo.