hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Holy Week in Ruvo di Puglia
The rites of Holy Week in Ruvo di Puglia constitute the main event held in the Apulian town. The folklore and sacred or profane traditions, typical of the Ruvestine tradition, are a great attraction for tourists from neighboring towns and the rest of Italy, and have been included by IDEA among Italy's intangible heritage events.

The rites begin on Passion Friday, preceding Palm Sunday, with the procession of the Desolate. Maundy Thursday is marked by the evocative night procession of the Eight Saints, while Good Friday is the turn of the mysteries. The procession of the Pieta on Holy Saturday concludes the penitential rites, while on Easter Sunday the procession of the Risen Jesus ends Holy Week. All rites end on Easter Monday with the procession of the Virgin of the Annunciation in the village of Calendano.

Salome (disciple)
In the New Testament, Salome was a follower of Jesus who appears briefly in the canonical gospels and in apocryphal writings. She is named by Mark as present at the crucifixion and as one of the Myrrhbearers, the women who found Jesus's empty tomb. Interpretation has further identified her with other women who are mentioned but not named in the canonical gospels. In particular, she is often identified as the wife of Zebedee, the mother of James and John, two of the Twelve apostles. In medieval tradition Salome (as Mary Salome) was counted as one of the Three Marys who were daughters of Saint Anne, so making her the sister or half-sister of Mary, mother of Jesus.
Distance correlation
In statistics and in probability theory, distance correlation is a measure of dependence between two paired random vectors of arbitrary, not necessarily equal, dimension. The population distance correlation coefficient is zero if and only if the random vectors are independent.  Thus, distance correlation measures both linear and nonlinear association between two random variables or random vectors.  This is in contrast to Pearson's correlation, which can only detect linear association between two random variables.

Distance correlation can be used to perform a statistical test of dependence with a permutation test.  One first computes the distance correlation (involving the re-centering of Euclidean distance matrices) between two random vectors, and then compares this value to the distance correlations of many shuffles of the data.

Expected value
In probability theory, the expected value (also called expectation, expectancy, expectation operator, mathematical expectation, mean, expectation value, or first moment) is a generalization of the weighted average.

The expected value of a random variable with a finite number of outcomes is a weighted average of all possible outcomes. In the case of a continuum of possible outcomes, the expectation is defined by integration. In the axiomatic foundation for probability provided by measure theory, the expectation is given by Lebesgue integration.

The expected value of a random variable X is often denoted by , , or , with E also often stylized as ,  or E.
Zabzugu District
Zabzugu District is one of the sixteen districts in Northern Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Zabzugu-Tatale District in 1988, which was created from the former East Dagomba District Council, until the northeast part of the district was split off to create Tatale-Sangule District on 28 June 2012; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Zabzugu District. The district assembly is located in the eastern part of Northern Region and has Zabzugu as its capital town.

East Dagomba District
East Dagomba District is a former district council that was located in Northern Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1975. However, on 1988, it was split off into four new district assemblies: Yendi Municipal District (capital: Yendi), Gushegu-Karaga District (capital: Gushegu), Saboba-Chereponi District (capital: Saboba) and Zabzugu-Tatale District (capital: Zabzugu). The district assembly was located in the eastern part of Northern Region and had Yendi as its capital town.
Tambling Wildlife Nature Conservation
Tambling Wildlife Nature Conservation (TWNC) is a 45,000-hectare forest and 14,082-hectare marine conservation area on the southern tip of Sumatra. The area is remote, with no public transportation available. TWNC was founded by Tomy Winata, an Indonesian businessman and philanthropist. Owner and chairman of the Artha Graha Group and Network, Winata also founded the nonprofit Artha Graha Peduli Foundation.

Since 1996 (followed by a 2010 agreement), TWNC has been funded and managed by the foundation. As part of a July 2008 agreement with the Indonesian Ministry of Forestry, TWNC is part of the 365,000-hectare (1,410 sq mi) Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park.

Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park
Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park is a national park in Sumatra, Indonesia. The park located along the Bukit Barisan mountain range, has a total area of 3,568 km2, and spans three provinces: Lampung, Bengkulu, and South Sumatra. Together with Gunung Leuser and Kerinci Seblat national parks it forms a World Heritage Site, Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra.

A signboard containing a welcome message to Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park a few kilometers away from the town of Liwa, Indonesia West Lampung Regency, the secondary forest of Bukit Barisan National Park is designated by UNESCO as a world heritage.
Miss Collins
Miss Collins is a 1924 portrait painting by Australian artist William Beckwith McInnes. The painting depicts Miss Gladys Neville Collins, the daughter of J.T. Collins, lawyer, Victorian State Parliamentary draughtsman, and trustee of the Public Library, Museums and National Gallery of Victoria.

The painting was awarded the 1924 Archibald Prize.

The subject of his painting ... is shown to be stylish, elegant and restrained. Close attention is paid to details of clothing and jewellery, while the shawl is handled with expressive, broad brushstrokes.— National Gallery of Australia,

The painting was acquired by the Art Gallery of South Australia in 1930 through the Morgan Thomas Bequest Fund and remains part of its collection.

Archibald Prize
The Archibald Prize is an Australian portraiture art prize for painting, generally seen as the most prestigious portrait prize in Australia. It was first awarded in 1921 after the receipt of a bequest from J. F. Archibald, the editor of The Bulletin who died in 1919. It is administered by the trustees of the Art Gallery of New South Wales and awarded for "the best portrait, preferentially of some man or woman distinguished in Art, Letters, Science or Politics, painted by an artist resident in Australia during the twelve months preceding the date fixed by the trustees for sending in the pictures". The Archibald Prize has been awarded annually since 1921 (with two exceptions) and since July 2015 the prize has been AU$100,000.
Slavery in antiquity
Slavery in the ancient world, from the earliest known recorded evidence in Sumer to the pre-medieval Antiquity Mediterranean cultures, comprised a mixture of debt-slavery, slavery as a punishment for crime, and the enslavement of prisoners of war.

Masters could free slaves, and in many cases, such freedmen went on to rise to positions of power. This would include those children born into slavery, but who were actually the children of the master of the house. The slave master would ensure that his children were not condemned to a life of slavery.

The institution of slavery condemned a majority of slaves to agricultural and industrial labor, and they lived hard lives. In many of these cultures, slaves formed a very large part of the economy, and in particular the Roman Empire and some of the Greek poleis built a large part of their wealth on slaves acquired through conquest.

Penestai
The penestai or penestae (Greek: oἱ πενέσται, hoi penéstai) were a class of unfree labourers in Thessaly, Ancient Greece. These labourers were tied to the land they inhabited, comparable in status with the Spartan helots.
David Samanez Ocampo
David Samanez Ocampo (4 November 1865 – 13 July 1947), was a Peruvian politician who was Interim President of Peru (officially as the President of the Southern Junta) in 1931.

He oversaw changes to the electoral statutes that effectively brought the vote to the masses, leading to the critical – if highly controversial – presidential election of December 1931, where Sánchez Cerro defeated Victor Raúl Haya de la Torre. Instrumental in his appointment was his reputation and high prestige among politicians of all factions.

He was the son of José Samanez.

Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro
Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro (August 12, 1889 – April 30, 1933) was a high-ranking Peruvian army officer, revolutionary, nationalist and politician who served as the 41st President of Peru, from 1931 to 1933 as well as interim president of Peru, officially as the president of the Provisional Government Junta, from 1930 to 1931. On August 22, 1930, as a lieutenant-colonel, he overturned the eleven-year dictatorship of Augusto B. Leguía after a coup d'état in Arequipa.

Following Leguía's resignation, Manuel Ponce was interim president until Sánchez was chosen on August 27. The new president flew to Lima and himself served as provisional president until the military with whom he had effected the coup forced him into exile after six months in office.

Having experienced multiple assassination attempts and coup attempts during his time in power, he was ultimately assassinated on April 30, 1933 by Abelardo de Mendoza, a member of the suppressed APRA Party.
Puerto Rico Highway 106
Puerto Rico Highway 106 (PR-106) is a road that travels from Mayagüez, Puerto Rico to Las Marías. It begins at its intersection with PR-239 (former PR-2R) in downtown Mayagüez and ends at its junction with PR-120 in southern Las Marías, near Maricao. Its eastern segment, from PR-119 to PR-120, is part of the Ruta Panorámica.

Iron truss bridge over the Yagüez River

Puerto Rico Highway 119
Puerto Rico Highway 119 (PR-119) is a long north-to-south highway in Puerto Rico that goes from Puerto Rico Highway 2 in Hatillo, close to its border with Camuy to the same highway in San Germán. It goes through the municipalities of Camuy, San Sebastián, Las Marías and Maricao before ending in the freeway segment of PR-2. Between Camuy and San Sebastián it passes near Guajataca Lake, the largest artificial lake in western Puerto Rico.

Puerto Rico Highway 119 south in Aibonito, San Sebastián
Tertön Sogyal
Tertön Sogyal Lerab Lingpa (Tibetan: གཏེར་སྟོན་བསོད་རྒྱལ་ལས་རབ་གླིང་པ་, Wylie: gter ston bsod rgyal las rab gling pa, 1856-1926) was a Tibetan Buddhist tertön and a teacher of the Thirteenth Dalai Lama.

Tertön
In Tibetan Buddhism, a Tertön (Tibetan: གཏེར་སྟོན་, Wylie: gter ston) is a person who is a discoverer of ancient hidden texts or terma. Many tertöns are considered to be incarnations of the twenty five main disciples of Padmasambhava (Guru Rinpoche), who foresaw a dark time in Tibet. He and his consort Yeshe Tsogyal hid teachings to be found in the future to benefit beings. A vast system of transmission lineages developed. Scriptures from the Nyingma school were updated by terma discoveries, and terma teachings have guided many Tibetan Bon and Buddhist practitioners.

The termas are sometimes objects like statues, and can also exist as dharma texts and experiences. Tertöns discover the texts at the right time and place. The teachings can be relatively simple transmissions as well as entire meditation systems. Termas are found in rocks, water and the minds of incarnations of Guru Rinpoche's students.
Brim sign
The brim sign or the pelvic brim sign is a radiologic sign seen in cases of Paget's disease of bone involving the pelvis. It refers to thickened and sclerotic changes along the iliopubic line, the anteromedial portion of the pelvic brim. This sign is a key diagnostic marker for pelvic involvement in Paget's disease and is typically identified on plain radiographs.

Radiologic sign
A radiologic sign is an objective indication of some medical fact (that is, a medical sign) that is detected by a physician during radiologic examination with medical imaging (for example, via an X-ray, CT scan, MRI scan, or sonographic scan).
1913 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1913 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 26th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.

Blackrock were the defending champions.

On 30 November 1913, Blackrock won the championship following a 3–3 to 2–3 defeat of Midleton in the final. This was their 14th championship title overall and their fourth title in succession.

1912 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1912 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 25th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 13 March 1912. The championship began on 14 April 1912 and ended on 29 September 1912.

Blackrock were the defending champions.

On 29 September 1912, Blackrock won the championship following a 4–02 to 0–01 defeat of Redmonds in the final. This was their 13th championship title overall and their third title in succession.
Lucie Laurier
Lucie Laurier (born 19 March 1975) is a Canadian actress from Quebec. She is most noted for her performances in the films Anne Trister, for which she received a Genie Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress at the 8th Genie Awards in 1987, and Bon Cop, Bad Cop, for which she received a Jutra Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress at the 9th Jutra Awards in 2007.

1996 in film
The year 1996 involved many significant films. The major releases this year included Scream, Independence Day, Fargo, Trainspotting, The Rock, The English Patient, Twister, Space Jam, Mission: Impossible, Mars Attacks!, Jerry Maguire and a film version of the musical Evita.
Samote
Samote is a Town and Capital of Union Council Samote, Tehsil Kallar Syedan, District Rawalpindi Samote is located 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Kallar Syedan, 60 kilometres (37 mi) from Rawalpindi City, 70 kilometres (43 mi) from Islamabad, 31 kilometres (19 mi) from Dadyal (in Azad Kashmir), 22 kilometres (14 mi) from Gujar Khan. In 2008 General Elections, Samote was under, NA-50 for National Assembly and PP-2 (now PP-7) for Punjab Assembly. In 2013 Elections, Samote remained under administration of same constituencies. In Next 2018 General Elections,  Samote was shifted to  NA-58 of National Assembly and PP-7 of Punjab Assembly. Archived 10 May 2018 at the Wayback Machine

For the Next 2024 General elections, Samote is listed under NA-51 a newly created constituency of National Assembly but remains under the same PP-7 of Provincial Assembly.

Samote Union Council
Samote Union Council (Urdu: سموٹ یونیئن کونسل) is located in Punjab, Pakistan. Previously part of Tehsil Kahuta, it was officially designated as a union council of Tehsil Kallar Syedan in Rawalpindi District on 1 July 2004.
Caquetá moist forests
The Caquetá moist forests (NT0107) is an ecoregion of tropical moist broad leaf forest to the east of the Andes in the east of Colombia, with a small section in Brazil, in the Amazon biome.
The forests are in the transition between the Guiana and Amazon regions, and have highly diverse flora and fauna.
They are relatively intact, although they are mostly unprotected and are threatened with deforestation to create cattle pastures.

Vaupés River
Vaupés River (Uaupés River) is a tributary of the Rio Negro in South America. It rises in the Vaupes Department of Colombia, flowing east through Vaupés Department. It forms part of the international border between the Vaupés department of Colombia and the Amazonas state of Brazil.  On the border it merges with the Papurí River and becomes known as the Uaupés. In 1847 an explorer saw a rapid which hurled its waves 12 or 15 metres (40 or 50 ft) in the air, "as if great subaqueous explosions were taking place." The river continues eastwards through the Alto Rio Negro Indigenous Territory until it flows into the Rio Negro at São Joaquim, Amazonas.
Vaupés is a blackwater river.
Monteath Mausoleum
55°32′01″N 2°36′55″W﻿ / ﻿55.533635°N 2.615170°W﻿ / 55.533635; -2.615170

The Monteath Mausoleum is a large landmark in the Scottish Borders near the village of Ancrum. The listed building can be seen from the A68 road just north of Jedburgh. It was built in 1864 and renovated in 2018.

A68 road
The A68 is a major road in the United Kingdom, running from Darlington in England to the A720 in Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It crosses the Anglo-Scottish border at Carter Bar and is the only road to do so for some distance either way; the next major crossings are the A697 from Coldstream to Cornhill-on-Tweed in the east, and the A7 near Canonbie to the west.
2021 UEFA European Under-21 Championship final
The 2021 UEFA European Under-21 Championship final was a football match that took place on 6 June 2021 at the Stožice Stadium in Ljubljana, Slovenia, to determine the winners of the 2021 UEFA European Under-21 Championship. The match was contested by Germany and Portugal.

Germany won the match 1–0 for their third UEFA European Under-21 Championship title.

Portugal national under-21 football team
The Portugal national under-21 football team is the national under-21 football team of Portugal and is controlled by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). They are nicknamed "Esperanças". Esperança means hope, thus they are Portugal's hopes for the future.

Following the realignment of UEFA's youth competitions in 1976, the Portuguese under-21 team was formed. Until 1994, the team had a rather poor record, failing to qualify for each of the first eight UEFA under-21 Championships. Since 1994, the team has improved its record greatly, qualifying for five of the next seven tournaments, including the 2006 finals.

Having qualified for the 2006 tournament finals, UEFA announced that Portugal would host the finals in May and June. From 2007 onwards, host nations will be announced before the qualification stage and will not need to qualify.
Marine biology dredge
The marine biology dredge is used to sample organisms living on a rocky bottom or burrowing within the smooth muddy ocean floor, known as the benthic zone. The dredge is pulled by a boat and operates at any depth on a cable or line, generally with a hydraulic winch. The dredge digs into the ocean floor and brings the organisms to the surface where they are caught in a net that either follows behind or is a part of the digging apparatus.

Early dredging samplers did not have a closing device, and many organisms were washed out. This led to a mistaken impression that the deep seabed lacked species diversity, as theorised by Edward Forbes in his Azoic hypothesis. Later samplers devised by Howard L. Sanders and the epibenthic sled designed by Robert Hessler showed that the deep seabed is sometimes rich in soft-bottom benthic species.

Azoic hypothesis
The Azoic hypothesis (sometimes referred to as the Abyssus theory) is a superseded scientific theory proposed by Edward Forbes in 1843, stating that the abundance and variety of marine life decreased with increasing depth and, by extrapolation of his own measurements, Forbes calculated that marine life would cease to exist below 300 fathoms (1,800 ft; 550 m).
Illaloes
Illaloes, nicknamed the Tally-hoes during its inception, were a Rayid military arm of the King's African Rifles and Somaliland Camel Corps during the Scramble for Africa period of colonial history. However, subsequent to this period, they were employed as wardens and security custodians in British Military Administration in Ogaden and Haud, in the British Somali Coast Protectorate, and in British Jubaland. During the anti-Darawiish war, Illaloes or Tally-hoes were often places alongside various ethnic groups such as the Yaos of the Lake Malawi region, and Sikhs, and the recently conquered Boers, and Bikaners from Rajasthan in India, as well as Punjabs. The main utility of Illaloes was their endurance. A former sergeant in charge of Illaloes was Mohamed Sambukl.

King's African Rifles
The King's African Rifles (KAR) was a British Colonial Auxiliary Forces regiment raised from Britain's East African colonies in 1902. It primarily carried out internal security duties within these colonies along with military service elsewhere during the world wars and other conflicts, such as the Malayan Emergency and the Mau Mau uprising. The regiment's enlisted soldiers were drawn from the native Africans, while most officers were seconded from the British Army. During the 1960s, as part of the decolonisation of Africa, more African officers were commissioned into the regiment before it was gradually disbanded. KAR battalions would go on to form the core of newly established armed forces throughout East Africa.
Orthostatic syncope
Orthostatic syncope refers to syncope resulting from a postural decrease in blood pressure, termed orthostatic hypotension.

Orthostatic hypotension occurs when there is a persistent reduction in blood pressure of at least 20mmHg systolic or 10mmHg diastolic within three minutes of standing or being upright to 60 degrees on the head-up tilt table. In people with initial orthostatic hypotension, the decrease in blood pressure occurs within 15 seconds, while in those with delayed orthostatic hypotension it occurs after over three minutes of assuming an upright position.

Supine position
The supine position (/ˈsuːpaɪn/) means lying horizontally, with the face and torso facing up, as opposed to the prone position, which is face down. When used in surgical procedures, it grants access to the peritoneal, thoracic, and pericardial regions; as well as the head, neck, and extremities.

Using anatomical terms of location, the dorsal side is down, and the ventral side is up, when supine.
El Progrés, Badalona
El Progrés is a coastal area of Badalona (Barcelonès, Catalonia, Spain) in the town's District 1, and as such, part of the metropolitan area of Barcelona. It is bordered by Gorg, La Mora, Raval, Can Claris, Centre and the Mediterranean Sea. As of the 2012 census El Progrés had 11,059 inhabitants, or 5% of Badalona's population. Like many toponyms in the town (such as Unió, Conquista, Indústria) the name of this neighbourhood —which is Catalan for "The Progress"— evokes the industrial age which was the time of its inception.

The area is home to the famous Anís del Mono factory, in Avinguda Eduard Maristany. It was built by the brothers Bosch and Grau in 1868, and it is close to both the rail tracks the Pont del Petroli beach. Platja del Coco is another beach within administrative limits of the area. The former CACI factory will host the forthcoming Museu del Còmic i la Il·lustració de Catalunya, currently under construction.

Centre, Badalona
Centre is the usual name for the central area of Badalona, a locality in the metropolitan area of Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). It is located in the District 1 by the Mediterranean Sea, and is a commercial and residential area with good transportation connections. It had 1344 inhabitants in the 2010 census.
Josu Jon Imaz
Josu Jon Imaz San Miguel is a Spanish politician, executive and scientist from Zumarraga, Basque Autonomous Community, Spain, born in 1963. He is CEO of the oil company Repsol. Doctor in Chemical sciences from the University of the Basque Country.

He pursued a political career in the Basque National Party since the early 1990s until the mid-2000s, as an MEP, spokesperson of the Basque autonomous government, and chairman of the party, succeeding Xabier Arzalluz.

Xabier Arzalluz
Xabier Arzalluz Antia (24 August 1932 – 28 February 2019) was a Basque politician, leader of the Basque Nationalist Party from 1979 until 2004. He was a nationalist and a Christian Democrat, considered during the period one of the most powerful politicians in the Basque Autonomous Community, making strategic decisions for the party he led from 1986 onwards.