hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coldspring, Baltimore
Coldspring, also known as Cold Spring, is a neighborhood in the North District of Baltimore, located between Cylburn (west) and the Village of Cross Keys (east). Its boundaries are drawn by West Northern Parkway (north), Greenspring Avenue (west), Jones Falls Expressway (east) and West Cold Spring Lane (south). Cold Spring Park covers about two-thirds of the neighborhood, running from Cold Spring's northern tip, where the Jones Falls Expressway crosses over West Northern Parkway, and overlapping the neighborhood's southern edge at West Cold Spring Lane.

The Jones Falls Trail passes through Cold Spring on its 10-mile course between Mount Washington and the Inner Harbor, with a branch of the trail extending to the Cylburn Arboretum in Cold Spring Park.

Northern Parkway (Baltimore)
Northern Parkway is a major road that runs west–east across the northern part of the city Baltimore. For most of the way, it is at least six lanes wide, and it is used by motorists for crosstown travel. It is designated E. Northern Pkwy and W. Northern Pkwy with Charles Street being the dividing line. It was constructed in the 1950s through several neighborhoods and several homes were razed in the process from right-of-way. The section of E. Northern Pkwy from Harford Road to Fleetwood Ave was originally called German Lane.
Sue Stockdale
Sue Stockdale (born August 1966) is a British polar adventurer, athlete and motivational speaker. She became the first British woman to ski to the Magnetic North Pole in 1996 during an expedition led by David Hempleman Adams.

Raleigh International
Raleigh International is a youth expedition organisation based in the UK. Raleigh runs overseas Expeditions for young people to work together on community, environmental and conservation projects around the world. The young people who participate in Raleigh Expeditions are known as ‘Venturers’.

Established in 1984 as Operation Raleigh, over 57,000 young people have been part of a Raleigh expedition.
The Call (Kansas City)
Kansas City The Call, or The Call is an African-American weekly newspaper founded in 1919 in Kansas City, Missouri, by Chester A. Franklin. It continues to serve the black community of Kansas City, Missouri, and Kansas City, Kansas.

Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder
The Minnesota Spokesman–Recorder is an African-American, English-language newspaper headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota and serves readers in the Twin Cities. Founded in 1934 by Cecil Earle Newman (who remained editor until his death in 1976), it is the oldest continuously operated black newspaper and longest-lived black-owned business in Minnesota. The current Publisher & CEO of the paper is Newman's granddaughter, Tracey Williams-Dillard.
Maxine Virtual Machine
The Maxine virtual machine is an open source virtual machine that is developed at the University of Manchester. It was formerly developed by Sun Microsystems Laboratories, since renamed Oracle Labs. The emphasis in Maxine's software architecture is on modular design and code reuse for flexibility, configurability, and productivity for industrial and academic virtual machine researchers. It is one of a growing number of Java virtual machines written entirely in Java in a meta-circular style. Examples include Squawk and Jikes RVM.

Java virtual machine
A Java virtual machine (JVM) is a virtual machine that enables a computer to run Java programs as well as programs written in other languages, other languages referred to as JVM languages that are also compiled to Java bytecode. The JVM is detailed by a specification that formally describes what is required in a JVM implementation. Having a specification ensures interoperability of Java programs across different implementations so that program authors using the Java Development Kit (JDK) need not worry about idiosyncrasies of the underlying hardware platform.

The JVM reference implementation is developed by the OpenJDK project as open source code and includes a JIT compiler called HotSpot. The commercially supported Java releases available from Oracle are based on the OpenJDK runtime. Eclipse OpenJ9 is another open source JVM for OpenJDK.
The State Counsellor
The State Counsellor (Russian: Статский советник, the 5th civil grade in the Table of Ranks of Imperial Russia) is the sixth novel in the Erast Fandorin historical detective series by Russian writer Boris Akunin. It is subtitled "political detective mystery" (Russian: политический детектив).  The State Counsellor was originally published in Russia in 2000.  The English translation was published in January 2008.

Erast Fandorin
Erast Petrovich Fandorin (Russian: Эраст Петрович Фандорин) is a fictional 19th-century Russian detective and the hero of a series of Russian historical detective novels by Boris Akunin.

The first Fandorin novel (The Winter Queen, Russian: Азазель) was published in Russia in 1998, and the latest and the last one in 2023 (The Pit, Russian: Яма). More than 15 million copies of Fandorin novels have been sold as of May 2006, even though the novels were freely available from many Russian websites and the hard copies were relatively expensive by Russian standards. New books in the Fandorin series typically sell over 200,000 copies in the first week alone, with an unparalleled (for mystery novels) first edition of 50,000 copies for the first books to 500,000 copies for the last.

The English translations of the novels have been critically acclaimed by, among others, Ruth Rendell.
Work Rest and Play
Work Rest and Play is an EP by the English ska and pop band Madness, released on 21 March 1980. The EP was headlined by the song "Night Boat to Cairo", from the band's debut studio album One Step Beyond... (1979). It entered the UK Singles Chart on 5 April 1980, reaching a high of number 6.

Suggs
Graham McPherson (born 13 January 1961), known by his stage name Suggs, is an English singer-songwriter, musician, radio personality and actor.

He came to prominence in the late 1970s as the lead singer of the ska band Madness, which released fifteen singles that entered the top 10 charts in the United Kingdom during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, including "My Girl", "Baggy Trousers", "Embarrassment", "It Must Be Love", "House of Fun", "Driving in My Car", "Our House", "Wings of a Dove" and "Lovestruck". Suggs began his solo career in 1995, while still a member of Madness. Since then, he has released two studio albums and two compilation albums. His solo hits include "I'm Only Sleeping", "Camden Town", "Cecilia" and "Blue Day".

Suggs has also been an actor, with roles in films, theatre and television. He is married and is the father of two children.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 107
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 107 (P. Oxy. 107 or P. Oxy. I 107) is an acknowledgement of receipt of a will, sent in regard to its revocation.  It is written in Greek and was discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. The document was written on 27 February 123. Currently it is housed in the Egyptian Museum (Cat. Gen. 10006) in Cairo.

Egyptian Museum
The Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, commonly known as the Egyptian Museum (Egyptian Arabic: المتحف المصرى, romanized: al-Matḥaf al-Miṣrī, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [elˈmætħæf elˈmɑsˤɾi]) and also called the Cairo Museum or the Egyptian Museum in Cairo (EMC), is a national history museum in Cairo, Egypt.

An Egyptological museum, it houses the largest collection of Egyptian antiquities in the world, including over 170,000 items. The Egyptian Museum occupies a building constructed in 1901 on Tahrir Square in Cairo, Egypt, and is one of the largest museums in Africa as well as the first national museum of the Middle East.
Maryland Green Party
The Maryland Green Party is the state party organization for Maryland of the Green Party of the United States.

The Maryland Green Party qualified as a recognized political party on August 17, 2000, since that time the party has grown to 9,350 members as of April 2018. In November of 2018, outgoing Delegate Shane Robinson switched his party affiliation from Democrat to Green, becoming Maryland's first Green Delegate.

Elections in Maryland
The following is a list of federal, state, and local elections in the U.S. state of Maryland and can refer to one of the following elections:

United States presidential elections in Maryland

Primary elections in Maryland

Maryland gubernatorial elections

United States Senate election in Maryland

United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland

Maryland Comptroller election

United States presidential election in Maryland

Frederick mayoral election

Baltimore mayoral election, among others

In a 2020 study, Maryland was ranked as the 5th-easiest state for citizens to vote in, based on registration and identification requirements, and convenience provisions.
Central District, Taichung
Central District (Chinese: 中區; pinyin: Zhōng Qū) is an urban district in Taichung City, Taiwan. It is located at the heart of the city, though it has seen decline in recent years as newer districts nearby like Xitun has seen growth. It is the smallest district and township-level subdivision in Taiwan and the only one with an area under 1 km2.

Taichung railway station
Taichung station (Chinese: 臺中車站; pinyin: Táizhōng Chēzhàn) is a railway station in Taichung, Taiwan served by Taiwan Railway (TR). It is served by all TR services on the Western Trunk line. It will also be served by the Blue line of the Taichung Metro under condtruction.
Source credibility
Source credibility is "a term commonly used to imply a communicator's positive characteristics that affect the receiver's acceptance of a message." Academic studies of this topic began in the 20th century and were given a special emphasis during World War II, when the US government sought to use propaganda to influence public opinion in support of the war effort. Psychologist Carl Hovland and his colleagues worked at the War Department upon this during the 1940s and then continued experimental studies at Yale University. They built upon the work of researchers in the first half of the 20th century who had developed a Source-Message-Channel-Receiver model of communication and, with Muzafer Sherif, (Muzaffer Şerif Başoğlu) developed this as part of their theories of persuasion and social judgement.

Bertram Raven
Bertram Herbert Raven (September 26, 1926 – February 26, 2020) was an American academic. He was a member of the faculty of the psychology department at UCLA from 1956 until his death. He is perhaps best known for his early work in collaboration with John R. P. French, with whom he developed an analysis of the five bases of social power.
Jean-Claude Decaux
Jean-Claude Decaux (15 September 1937 – 27 May 2016) was a French businessman and founder of advertising company JCDecaux. The company is now run by his sons, Jean-François Decaux and Jean-Charles Decaux.

Sanisette
Sanisette (French pronunciation: [saniˈzɛt]) is a registered trademark for a self-contained, self-cleaning, unisex, public toilet pioneered by the French company JCDecaux. These toilets (and other similar toilets) are a common sight in several major cities of the world, but they are perhaps most closely associated with the city of Paris, where they are ubiquitous. In the United Kingdom, they (along with automated public conveniences of other brands) are known informally as "Superloos".
Pugwash Junction
Pugwash Junction is a Canadian rural community in Cumberland County, Nova Scotia.

The community was established in 1887 after the Oxford & New Glasgow Railway built its line along the north shore of Nova Scotia from the Intercolonial Railway (ICR) at Oxford Junction to Pictou. The short connecting line to Pugwash from the Oxford & New Glasgow was constructed between 1882 and 1890, first as part of the European & North American Railway project, and later by the Great American & European Short Line Railway Co. before being reorganized as the O&NG.

The ICR took over the O&NG in the early 1890s and in later years it was operated as CN Rail's Oxford Subdivision, with the line from Pugwash Junction to Pugwash being the Pugwash Spur.

The community is the birthplace of famous American industrialist Cyrus Eaton.

Pugwash, Nova Scotia
Pugwash is an incorporated village in Cumberland County, Nova Scotia, Canada, located on the Northumberland Strait at the mouth of the Pugwash River. It had a population of 746 as of the 2021 census.  The name Pugwash is derived from the Mi'kmaq word Pakwesk (also written as Pagwĕsk), meaning "a shoal", in reference to a reef near the mouth of the harbour.

The village is home to fishing, salt mining, small-scale manufacturing, and tourism. Pugwash sits atop a salt deposit measuring 457.2 metres (1,500 ft) thick and is home to the largest underground salt mine in Atlantic Canada, with shipments from its port, as well as by rail from a facility at Oxford Junction.
Deathtrap (plot device)
A deathtrap is a literary and dramatic plot device in which a villain who has captured the hero or another sympathetic character attempts to use an elaborate, improbable, and usually sadistic method of murdering them.

It is often used as a means to create dramatic tension in the story and to have the villain reveal important information to the hero, confident that the hero will shortly not be able to use it. It may also be a means to show the hero's resourcefulness in escaping, or the writer's ingenuity at devising a last-minute rescue or deus ex machina.

Deus ex machina
Deus ex machina (/ˈdeɪəs ɛks ˈmækɪnə, ˈmɑːk-/ DAY-əs ex-MA(H)K-in-ə; Latin: [ˈdɛ.ʊs ɛks ˈmaːkʰɪnaː]; plural: dei ex machina; 'God from the machine') is a plot device, a type of denouement  in which a seemingly unsolvable problem in a story is suddenly or abruptly resolved by an unexpected and unlikely occurrence. Its function is generally to resolve an otherwise irresolvable plot situation, to surprise the audience, to bring the tale to a happy ending, or act as a comedic device.
Aston Martin Volante
Volante is the name given to convertible versions of various Aston Martin automobile models from 1965 onwards. They include:

Short Chassis Volante (1965–1966)

Volante (DB6-based) (1966–1971)

V8 Volante (1978–1989)

V8 Vantage Volante (1978–1990)

(Virage) V8 Volante (1992–1996)

DB7 Volante (1996–2004)

DB9 Volante (2004–2016)

DBS Volante (2009–2012)

Virage Volante (2011–2012)

Vanquish Volante (2013–2018)

DB11 Volante (2018–2023)

DBS Superleggera Volante (2019–2023)

DB12 Volante (2024–present)

Vanquish Volante (2025–present)

Aston Martin DBS Superleggera
The Aston Martin DBS Superleggera, also sold as the Aston Martin DBS, is a grand touring car produced by British manufacturer Aston Martin from 2018 to 2024. In June 2018, Aston Martin unveiled the car as a replacement to the second-generation Vanquish. It is based on the DB11 V12, but featuring modifications that differentiate it from the DB11 lineage.

The DBS name was previously used for a model built from 1967 to 1972 and for the DB9-based DBS between 2007 and 2012. In addition, the car also uses the Superleggera name which is a reference to Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera, who helped Aston Martin develop their lightest grand tourers in the 1960s and 1970s. In September 2024, Aston Martin announced the third-generation Vanquish as the successor of the DBS Superleggera.
European printmaking in the 20th century
Twentieth-century art underwent a profound transformation: in a more materialist, more consumerist society, art was directed to the senses, not to the intellect. The avant-garde movements arose, which sought to integrate art into society through a greater interrelation between artist and spectator, since it is the latter who interprets the work, being able to discover meanings that the artist did not even know.

The most commonly used graphic methods were woodcut, lithography, etching and silkscreen printing, and new techniques such as color aquatint were developed. The offset printing also emerged, which revolutionized graphic art. Offset is a process similar to lithography, consisting of applying an ink on a metal plate, usually aluminum. It was the parallel product of two inventors: in 1875, the British Robert Barclay developed a version for printing on metals (tin) and, in 1903, the American Ira Washington Rubel adapted it for printing on paper.

Antonio López García
Antonio López García (born 6 January 1936) is a Spanish painter and sculptor, known for his realistic style. He has been praised by leading art critics, such as Robert Hughes, who considered him "the greatest realist artist alive" in 1986. His style sometimes is deemed hyperrealistic. His painting was the subject of the film El Sol del Membrillo, by Victor Erice, in 1992.
Sherwood Forest, Memphis
Sherwood Forest is a neighborhood near the University District in eastern Memphis, Tennessee. It is located south of Normal Station and east of Orange Mound. Its boundaries are: Park Ave. (North), Rhodes Ave. (South), Getwell Rd. (East), S. Highland St., Radford Rd., and S. Prescott St (West).
The neighborhood is home to the Sherwood Elementary and Middle Schools. Sherwood Forest is noted for having street names relating to the Robin Hood folklore including Robin Hood Lane, Maid Marion Lane, Friar Tuck Road, Little John Road, Nottingham Place, and Allandale Lane.

A number of streets are named after Southern California locations, or more specifically streets of Los Angeles. These include: Radford, Wilshire, Catalina, and the oft-mispronounced and alternatively spelled Vanuys.

35°06′19″N 89°57′12″W﻿ / ﻿35.1053°N 89.9532°W﻿ / 35.1053; -89.9532

Orange Mound, Memphis
Orange Mound is a neighborhood in southeastern Memphis, Tennessee. It was the first US neighborhood to be built by African Americans.

Built on the grounds of the former Deaderick plantation, the Orange Mound subdivision was developed for African Americans in the 1890s to provide affordable land and residences for the less wealthy.
Pyrophilia
Pyrophilia is a relatively uncommon paraphilia in which a subject derives gratification from fire and fire-starting activity. It is distinguished from pyromania by the gratification being of a sexual nature.

Paraphilia
A paraphilia is an uncommon, intense, and persistent sexual arousal or attraction to anything not sexual by nature. It has also been defined as a sexual interest in anything other than a legally consenting human partner. Paraphilias are contrasted with normophilic ("normal") sexual interests, although the definition of what makes a sexual interest normal or atypical remains controversial.

The exact number and taxonomy of paraphilia is under debate; Anil Aggrawal has listed as many as 549 types of paraphilias. Several sub-classifications of paraphilia have been proposed; some argue that a fully dimensional, spectrum, or complaint-oriented approach would better reflect the evident diversity of human sexuality. Although paraphilias were believed in the 20th century to be rare among the general population, subsequent research has indicated that some level of paraphilic interests are relatively common.
1956 United States presidential election in Louisiana
The 1956 United States presidential election in Louisiana took place on November 6, 1956, as part of the 1956 United States presidential election. State voters chose ten representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Louisiana was won by incumbent President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–Pennsylvania), running with Vice President Richard Nixon, with 53.28% of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator Estes Kefauver, with 39.51% of the popular vote.

This was the first time that a Republican presidential candidate won Louisiana or indeed any Deep South state since Rutherford B. Hayes in 1876. Along with Kentucky and West Virginia, Louisiana was one of 3 states that Dwight Eisenhower lost in 1952, but managed to flip in 1956.

1956 United States presidential election in Kentucky
The 1956 United States presidential election in Kentucky took place on November 6, 1956, as part of the 1956 United States presidential election. Kentucky voters chose ten representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Kentucky was won by incumbent President Dwight D. Eisenhower (R–Pennsylvania), running with Vice President Richard Nixon, with 54.30 percent of the popular vote, against Adlai Stevenson (D–Illinois), running with Senator Estes Kefauver, with 45.21 percent of the popular vote. Along with Louisiana and West Virginia, Kentucky was one of the 3 states Eisenhower lost in 1952, but managed to flip in 1956.
Nanai language
The Nanai language (also called Gold, Goldi, or Hezhen) is spoken by the Nanai people in Siberia, and to a much smaller extent in China's Heilongjiang province, where it is known as Hezhe. The language has about 1,400 speakers out of 17,000 ethnic Nanai, but most (especially the younger generations) are also fluent in Russian or Chinese, and mostly use one of those languages for communication.

Ussuri
The Ussuri (/uːˈsʊəri/ oo-SOOR-ee; Russian: Уссури [ʊsˈsurʲɪ]) or Wusuli (Chinese: 乌苏里; pinyin: wūsūlǐ [ǔsǔlî]) is a river that runs through Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krais, Russia and the southeast region of Northeast China in the province of Heilongjiang. It rises in the Sikhote-Alin mountain range, flowing north and forming part of the Sino-Russian border (which is based on the Sino-Russian Convention of Peking of 1860), until it joins the Amur as a tributary near Khabarovsk. It is approximately 897 km (557 mi) long. The Ussuri drains the Ussuri basin, which covers 193,000 km2 (75,000 mi2). Its waters come from rain (60%), snow (30–35%), and subterranean springs. The average discharge is 1,620 m3/s (57,000 cu ft/s), and the average elevation is 1,682 metres (5,518 ft).
Juan Fernández Albarrán
Juan Fernández Albarrán (January 10, 1901 – March 27, 1972) was a Mexican politician and lawyer affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He was governor of the State of Mexico from 1963 to 1969.

Governor of the State of Mexico
The governor of the State of Mexico (Spanish: Gobernador Constitucional del Estado de México) wields executive power in the State of Mexico (a.k.a. Edomex).

The Governor of the State of Mexico is directly elected by the citizens, using secret ballot, to a six-year term with no possibility of reelection.
Trams in Görlitz
The Görlitz tramway network (German: Straßenbahnnetz Görlitz) is a network of tramways forming part of the public transport system in Görlitz, a city in the federal state of Saxony, Germany.

Opened in 1882, the network has been operated since 1996 by the Verkehrsgesellschaft Görlitz (VGG), since 2019 by the Görlitzer Verkehrsbetriebe, and is integrated in the Verkehrsverbund Oberlausitz-Niederschlesien (ZVON).

Verkehrsverbund Oberlausitz-Niederschlesien
The Zweckverband Verkehrsverbund Oberlausitz-Niederschlesien (Upper Lusatia–Lower Silesia Transport Association or ZVON) is a transport association run by public transport providers in the German state of Saxony. The ZVON area comprises the district of Görlitz and the eastern part of the district of Bautzen.
Sigaram Thodu
Sigaram Thodu (transl. Touch the peak) is a 2014 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by Gaurav Narayanan, and produced by UTV Motion Pictures. The film stars Vikram Prabhu, Sathyaraj, and Monal Gajjar while Sathish, Gaurav Narayanan, and Charandeep play supporting roles. It has cinematography by Vijay Ulaganath, editing by Praveen K. L. and music by D. Imman. The film was released on 12 September 2014.

Sub-inspector
Sub-inspector (SI), or sub-inspector of police or police sub-inspector (PSI), is a rank used extensively in South Asia: in the police forces of Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, and Sri Lanka, which are primarily based on the British model. It was formerly used in most British colonial police forces and in certain British police forces as well. The rank usually was in charge of a police substation or assisted an inspector.