hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pennsylvania Governor's School for Information, Society & Technology
The Pennsylvania Governor's School for the Information, Society & Technology (PGSIST) is one of the Pennsylvania Governor's Schools of Excellence, a group of five-week summer programs for gifted high school students in the state of Pennsylvania.

Drexel University
Drexel University is a private research university with its main campus in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Drexel's undergraduate school was founded in 1891 by Anthony J. Drexel, a financier and philanthropist. Founded as Drexel Institute of Art, Science and Industry, it was renamed Drexel Institute of Technology in 1936, before assuming its current name in 1970. As of 2020, more than 24,000 students were enrolled in over 70 undergraduate programs and more than 100 master's, doctoral, and professional programs at the university. Drexel's cooperative education program (co-op) is a unique aspect of the school's degree programs, offering students the opportunity to gain up to 18 months of paid, full-time work experience in a field relevant to their undergraduate major or graduate degree program prior to graduation.
Copper Bank
Copper Bank is a fishing village in the Corozal District of Belize. It is situated on the west bank of Laguna Seca, a shallow lagoon that empties into Chetumal Bay just north-east of the village. The closest settlement is Chunox, located approximately 1.25 miles away on the east bank of the Laguna Seca.

Access to the village is possible by road from Orange Walk, via the villages of San Estevan and Progresso. It is also possible to reach the village by road from Corozal, crossing the New River via the Pueblo Nuevo ferry, and from the populated community of Sarteneja, via a ferry across the mouth of Laguna Seca.

The village has been suggested as the site of a lost Mayan town, Uatibal, and several artifacts have been found in the vicinity.

Corozal Town
Corozal is a town in Belize, capital of Corozal District. Corozal is located about 84 miles north of Belize City, and 9 miles from the border with Mexico.  The population of Corozal, according to the main results of the 2010 census, is 9,871.

Corozal was a private estate before becoming a town in the 1840s, mostly settled by Maya Mestizo refugees from the Caste War of Yucatán.  Much of the town was built over an ancient Maya city, sometimes known as Santa Rita; this may have been the original Pre-Columbian town called Chactemal, which extended from present day Corozal to Chetumal, Mexico. Corozal Town was badly damaged by Hurricane Janet in 1955 and was substantially rebuilt afterward.
1993 WAC men's basketball tournament
The 1993 Western Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 10–13 at the Delta Center in Salt Lake City, Utah. This was the first WAC tournament not held on a campus arena.

New Mexico defeated UTEP in the championship game, 76–65, to clinch their first WAC men's tournament championship.

The Lobos, in turn, received an automatic bid to the 1993 NCAA tournament. They were joined in the tournament by the conference's regular season co-champions, Utah and BYU, who received at-large bids to the tournament.

WAC men's basketball tournament
The Western Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament is the conference championship tournament in men's basketball for the Western Athletic Conference (WAC). Even though the WAC was founded in 1962, the annual tournament has only been held since 1984.

The winner of the tournament is guaranteed a spot in the NCAA basketball tournament every year.

After the 2025–26 season, the WAC will rebrand as the United Athletic Conference (UAC).
Crown Colony of Malacca
Malacca was a British Crown colony from 1946 to 1957. It came under British sovereignty after the signing of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824, and was part of the Straits Settlements until 1946.

During World War II, it was occupied by the Japanese from 1942 to 1945. Following the disbandment of the Straits Settlements in the aftermath of World War II, Penang and Malacca evolved into Crown colonies within the Federation of Malaya, while Singapore transformed into an individual Crown colony distinct from Malaya. In 1955, Tunku Abdul Rahman held a meeting with the British to discuss the end of British rule in Malacca with a merger with Malayan Union (which was then replaced by Federation of Malaya). On 31 August 1957, when Malaya achieved its independence from the United Kingdom, Malacca was integrated as part of the federation, which was later known as Malaysia when it merged with the territories in British Borneo.

British Borneo
British Borneo comprised the four northern parts of the island of Borneo, which are now the country of Brunei, two Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak, and the Malaysian federal territory of Labuan. During the British colonial rule before World War II, Sarawak was known as the Raj of Sarawak (1841–1946), Sabah was known as North Borneo (1881–1946), and Labuan was known as the Crown Colony of Labuan (1848–1946). Between World War II and their independence from Britain, Sarawak became the Crown Colony of Sarawak (1946–1963) whereas Sabah and Labuan combined to form the Crown Colony of North Borneo (1946–1963). The Kingdom of Brunei (1888/1906–1984) was a protectorate of the United Kingdom since the 1888/1906 Protectorate Agreement, and was known as British Protectorate State of Brunei.
Chris James (footballer)
Christopher Paul James (born 4 July 1987) is a retired professional football player who currently works as the head coach of [käpylän pallo BSM.

James represented New Zealand at international level. James is predominantly a central midfielder or deep-lying playmaker, but is also able to play very well in offensive roles.

New Zealand men's national under-20 football team
The New Zealand men's national under-20 football team, more commonly known as the Youth All Whites, is controlled by New Zealand Football and represents New Zealand in international Under 20 or youth football competitions. The 25,000 capacity North Harbour Stadium is used for home games of the Junior All Whites.
Communist crimes (Polish legal concept)
Communist crimes (Polish: zbrodnie komunistyczne) is a legal definition used in the Polish Penal Code. The concept of a communist crime is also used more broadly internationally, and is employed by human rights non-governmental organizations as well as government agencies such as the Unitas Foundation, the Institute for Information on the Crimes of Communism, the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes, the Institute for the Investigation of Communist Crimes in Romania, and the Office for the Documentation and the Investigation of the Crimes of Communism.

Estonian Institute of Historical Memory
The Estonian Institute of Historical Memory (Estonian: Eesti Mälu Instituut) is a non-governmental foundation that focuses on the investigation of war crimes and human rights violations committed by totalitarian regimes and research of totalitarian ideologies that created such regimes. The Institute aims to give the general public a comprehensive, objective and international overview of human rights violations and crimes committed by totalitarian regimes both in Estonia (during the German and Soviet occupations) and abroad.

In 2017, the Institute merged with the Unitas Foundation, which broadened the Institute’s focus, in that more attention is paid to international outreach.
C5-convertase
C5  convertase is an enzyme belonging to a family of serine proteases that play key role in the innate immunity. It participates in the complement system ending with cell death.

There are four different C5 convertases able to specifically convert the protein C5 to C5a and C5b fragments. Two of the convertases are physiological complement enzymes, associate to the cell-surface and mediate the classical pathway (C4b2b3b, or C4b2a3b depending on source) or the alternative pathway (C3bBbC3b) of complement system. Two fluid phase C5 convertases have been described: the classical pathway enzyme, C4b2boxy3b and the cobra venom factor-dependent C5 convertase, CVFBb.

Alternative complement pathway
The alternative pathway is a type of cascade reaction of the complement system and is a component of the innate immune system, a natural defense against infections.

The alternative pathway is one of three complement pathways that opsonize and kill pathogens.  The pathway is triggered when the C3b protein directly binds a microbe.  It can also be triggered by foreign materials and damaged tissues.
David Linton (politician)
David Linton (January 30, 1815 – August 10, 1889) was an American politician, attorney, and probate judge. He served in the Ohio Senate and was active in the Whig, Republican, and Greenback political parties in Ohio. He was one of the founders of Beta Theta Pi, a college fraternity founded at Miami University in 1839.

Wilmington, Ohio
Wilmington is a city in Clinton County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 12,664 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Wilmington micropolitan area, which includes all of Clinton County and is part of the greater Cincinnati–Wilmington–Maysville combined statistical area.

Home to Wilmington College, founded in 1870 by the Society of Friends, the city and the surrounding area include more than one dozen Quaker meeting houses. The city features a weather forecast office of the National Weather Service, which serves all of Southwestern Ohio and portions of Kentucky and Indiana.
Hugo Baldomero Medina Garza
Hugo Baldomero Medina Garza (born 1958) is a Mexican drug lord and leader of the Gulf Cartel. He is known as El Señor Padrino de los Tráilers ("Lord of the Trailers") for shipping large sums of Colombian narcotics in trucks through Mexico, to later smuggle them across the international border into the United States.

Recognized for his ability to make money, Medina Garza was appointed as the head of the Gulf Cartel in Reynosa, Tamaulipas in 1996, soon after the arrest of the organization's co-founder Juan García Ábrego. His reign in Reynosa, however, was confronted by several drug traffickers who wanted to take control of the city.

He was listed on the FBI’s most wanted list in 2007, and is believed to still be conducting the Gulf Cartel’s operations in Reynosa and Matamoros.

San Fernando, Tamaulipas
San Fernando is a city located in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas; it serves as the seat of the surrounding municipality of the same name. It is about 85 miles (137 km) away from Brownsville, Texas, United States. The municipality has a population of 57,220, while the city itself has a population of 29,665.
Souvenirs d'un autre monde
Souvenirs d'un autre monde (transl. Memories From Another World) is the debut studio album by French post-black metal band Alcest, released in 8 August 2007. The title refers to the meaning behind the music of Alcest, as its leader and songwriter, Neige, sees it as a journey through his memories of a distant world he has been in contact with.

Although it is representative of future works, the album differs notably from Alcest's first EP Le Secret (2005), distancing from Alcest's original sound, and delving into a post-metal and shoegaze-influenced direction while maintaining black metal elements in the music. It is the last release in which Neige plays all instruments, as drummer Winterhalter joined him on subsequent releases.

Le secret (EP)
Le secret (French for "The Secret") is an extended play by French blackgaze band Alcest, released in 1 May 2005 through Drakkar Productions. It is Alcest's first release with creator Neige as sole member, as former members Aegnor and Argoth both left after the 2001 demo Tristesse hivernale, and the only release with Neige as sole performer.
Hochstall
Hochstall is a small village located in Bavaria, Germany. It is in Upper Franconia, in the Bamberg district. Hochstall is a constituent community of Buttenheim.

In 2010, the village had a population of 31.

Bamberg (district)
Bamberg (German pronunciation: [ˈbambɛʁk] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It surrounds but does not include the town of Bamberg. The district is bounded by the districts of (from the north and clockwise) Lichtenfels, Bayreuth, Forchheim, Erlangen-Höchstadt, Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim, Kitzingen, Schweinfurt and Haßberge.
Apostolic Nunciature to Australia
The Apostolic Nunciature to Australia is an ecclesiastical office of the Roman Catholic Church in Australia. It is a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative is called the Apostolic Nuncio to Australia with the rank of an ambassador. The office of the nunciature is located in Red Hill, Canberra.

The mission was established as the Apostolic Delegation to Australasia by Pope Pius X on 15 April 1914 and given responsibility for Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand. Bonaventura Cerretti was named its first head on 10 May. It was renamed the Delegation to Australia, New Zealand and Oceania on 8 June 1947. On 1 November 1968, that was divided into two delegations: the Delegation to Australia and Papua New Guinea and the Delegation to New Zealand and Pacific Islands. The Apostolic Nunciature to Australia was established by Pope Paul VI on 5 March 1973. Charles Daniel Balvo was appointed nuncio in January 2022 by Pope Francis.

Gino Paro
Gino Paro (17 June 1910 – 21 September 1988) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church. He became a bishop and head of the Vatican's training program for diplomats in 1962. Raised to the rank of archbishop, he served as an apostolic nuncio from 1969 to 1978.
Thanksgiving after Communion
Thanksgiving after Communion is a spiritual practice among Christians who believe in the Real Presence of Jesus Christ in the  Communion bread, maintaining themselves in prayer for some time to thank God and especially listening in their hearts for guidance from their Divine guest. This practice was and is highly recommended by saints, theologians, and Doctors of the Church.

Prayer of Saint Francis
The anonymous text that is usually called the Prayer of Saint Francis (or Peace Prayer, or Simple Prayer for Peace, or Make us an Instrument of Your Peace) is a widely known Christian prayer for peace. Often associated with the Italian Saint Francis of Assisi (c. 1182 – 1226), but entirely absent from his writings, the prayer in its present form has not been traced back further than 1912. Its first known occurrence was in French, in a small spiritual magazine called La Clochette (The Little Bell), published by a Catholic organization in Paris named La Ligue de la Sainte-Messe (The League of the Holy Mass). The author's name was not given, although it may have been the founder of La Ligue, Father Esther Bouquerel. The prayer was heavily publicized during both World War I and World War II. It has been frequently set to music by notable songwriters and quoted by prominent leaders, and its broadly inclusive language has found appeal with many faiths encouraging service to others.
Maryland Naval Militia
The Maryland Naval Militia is the authorized but currently inactive organized naval militia of Maryland. It served as a dual federal and state military reserve force, essentially a naval and marine equivalent of the Maryland Army National Guard and the Maryland Air National Guard.

Maryland Army National Guard
The Maryland Army National Guard (MD ARNG) is the United States Army component of the U.S. state of Maryland. It is headquartered at the old Fifth Regiment Armory at the intersection of North Howard Street, 29th Division Street, near Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard in Baltimore and has additional units assigned and quartered at several regional armories, bases/camps and other facilities across the state.
Elective monarchy
An elective monarchy is a monarchy where the ruling head is elected instead of strictly inheriting power. The manner of election, the nature of candidate qualifications, and the electors vary from case to case. Historically, it was common for elective monarchies to transform into hereditary ones (whether legally or de facto) by repeated election of the previous rulers' children, or for hereditary monarchies to acquire elective or semi-elective succession laws, particularly following dynastic crises.

President for life
President for life is a title assumed by or granted to some presidents to extend their tenure up until their death or retirement. The title sometimes confers on the holder the right to nominate or appoint a successor. The term is often used by political leaders that aspire to legitimize their absolute power.
Straus Houses
The Straus Houses is a NYCHA housing complex with two buildings; Building I has 20 stories and Building II has 19 stories. It is located between East 27th and 28th Streets and also between 2nd and 3rd Avenues in the Kips Bay neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. The housing complex was named after Nathan Straus.

Second Avenue (Manhattan)
Second Avenue is located on the East Side of the New York City borough of Manhattan extending from Houston Street at its south end to the Harlem River Drive at 128th Street at its north end. A one-way street, vehicular traffic on Second Avenue runs southbound (downtown) only, except for a one-block segment of the avenue in Harlem. South of Houston Street, the roadway continues as Chrystie Street south to Canal Street.

A bicycle lane runs in the leftmost lane of Second Avenue from 125th to Houston Streets. The section from 55th to 34th Streets closes a gap in the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway.

Second Avenue passes through a number of Manhattan neighborhoods including (from south to north) the Lower East Side, the East Village, Stuyvesant Square, Kips Bay, Tudor City, Turtle Bay, East Midtown, Lenox Hill, Yorkville and Spanish Harlem.
Adenophostin
Adenophostin A is a potent inositol trisphosphate (IP3) receptor agonist, but is much more potent than IP3.

IP3R is a ligand-gated intracellular Ca2+ release channel that plays a central role in modulating cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration (Ca2+i).  Adenophostin A is structurally different from IP3 but could elicit distinct calcium signals in cells.

Calcium signaling
Calcium signaling is the use of calcium ions (Ca2+) to communicate and drive intracellular processes, often as a step in signal transduction. Ca2+ is important for a wide variety of cellular signaling pathways. Once Ca2+ enters the cytosol of the cytoplasm it exerts allosteric regulatory effects on many enzymes and proteins. Ca2+ signaling can activate certain ion channels for short term changes (like changes to electrochemical gradients) in the cell. For longer-term changes (like changes in gene transcription), Ca2+ can act as a second messenger through indirect signal transduction pathways, such as in G protein-coupled receptor pathways.
Easternijtsjerk
Easternijtsjerk (Dutch: Oosternijkerk) is a village in Noardeast-Fryslân in the province of Friesland, Netherlands. It had a population of around 944 in January 2017. Before 2019, the village was part of the Dongeradeel municipality.

Noardeast-Fryslân
Noardeast-Fryslân (West Frisian pronunciation: [noəˈtɪəst ˈfrislɔ̃ːn]; lit. 'Northeast Friesland') is a municipality of Friesland in the northern Netherlands. It was established 1 January 2019  and consists of the former municipalities of Dongeradeel, Ferwerderadiel and Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland, all three of which dissolved on the same day.

The municipality is located in the province of Friesland on the Wadden Sea coast, in the north of the Netherlands. Noardeast-Fryslân is bordered by the municipalities of Waadhoeke, Ameland, Schiermonnikoog, Leeuwarden, Dantumadiel and the province of Groningen. The population in January 2019 was 45,181. It is Friesland's seventh-most populous municipality. The largest population centre (2018 population, 12,576) is Dokkum. The residents speak West Frisian, a Dutch Low Saxon dialect or Dutch.

Part of the municipality are the Engelsmanplaat sandbank and most of the Rif sandbank (which is shared with Schiermonnikoog for a small part).
2019 Brisbane International
The 2019 Brisbane International was a tournament on the 2019 ATP Tour and 2019 WTA Tour. It was played on outdoor hard courts in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was the eleventh edition of the tournament and took place at the Queensland Tennis Centre in Tennyson. It was held from 30 December 2018 to 6 January 2019 as part of the Australian Open Series in preparation for the first Grand Slam of the year.

2019 ATP Tour
The 2019 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2019 tennis season. The 2019 ATP Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Tour Masters 1000, the ATP Finals, the ATP Tour 500 series, the ATP Tour 250 series and Davis Cup (organised by the ITF). Also included in the 2019 calendar were the Hopman Cup, the Laver Cup and the Next Gen ATP Finals which do not distribute ranking points. For the Masters series events the ATP introduced a shot clock. Players had a minute to come on court, 5 minutes to warmup, and then a minute to commence play, as well as 25 seconds between points.
Unassigned Lands
The Unassigned Lands in Oklahoma were in the center of the lands ceded to the United States by the Creek (Muskogee) and Seminole Indians following the Civil War and on which no other tribes had been settled. By 1883, it was bounded by the Cherokee Outlet on the north, several relocated Indian reservations on the east, the Chickasaw lands on the south, and the Cheyenne-Arapaho reserve on the west. The area amounted to 1,887,796.47 acres (2,950 sq mi; 7,640 km2).

In 1889, this territory was offered by the federal government to non-Native Americans for settlement in the Oklahoma Land Rush.

Canadian River
The Canadian River is the longest tributary of the Arkansas River. Entirely within the United States, it is about 1,026 miles (1,651 km) long, starting in Colorado and traveling through New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle, and Oklahoma. The drainage area is about 47,700 square miles (124,000 km2).

The Canadian is sometimes referred to as the South Canadian River to differentiate it from its tributary the North Canadian River.
Harry Menzies
Henry Edward Menzies, better known as Harry Menzies (1 August 1879 – 1932), was a Scottish footballer who played as a defender for the Belgian sides FC Liégeois and Beerschot AC between 1895 and 1904, and for the British sides Arthurlie and Crystal Palace for the 1906–07 season.

1897–98 Belgian First Division
The 1897–98 Belgian First Division was a season of the Belgian First Division, the top-level association football league in Belgium. In its third year of operation, the league was contested by five teams. F.C. Liégeois won the championship.