hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Buffel
Thomas Buffel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtoːmɑz ˈbʏfəl]; born 19 February 1981) is a Belgian professional football coach and a former player who played as an attacking midfielder or forward. He is the manager of Jong Genk in Challenger Pro League. He represented the Belgium national team at international level.

2010–11 Belgian Pro League
The 2010–11 season of the Belgian Pro League (also known as Jupiler Pro League for sponsorship reasons) is the 108th season of top-tier football in Belgium. It began on 30 July 2010 with the first match of the regular season and ended in May 2011 with the last matches of the playoff rounds. Anderlecht were the defending champions.
Sisili River
The Sisili River is one of the major rivers of northwestern Ghana, along with the Black Volta and Kulpawn Rivers. Historically, the Nakong area of the Sisili River, on the east side, has been subject to "Zabarima slave raids led by Gazare and Babatu".

Black Volta
The Black Volta or Mouhoun (French: Volta noire) is a river that flows through Burkina Faso for approximately 1,352 km (840 mi) to the White Volta in Dagbon, Ghana, the upper end of Lake Volta.  It is one of the three main parts of the Volta, with the White Volta and the Red Volta.

The source of the Black Volta is in the Cascades Region of Burkina Faso, close to Mount Tenakourou, the highest point of the country. Further downstream it forms part of the border between Ghana and Burkina Faso, and later between Ivory Coast and Ghana. Within Ghana, it marks the border between the Savannah and Bono regions. The Bui Dam, a hydroelectric power plant, is built on the river, just south of the Bui National Park, which the river bisects.
Giorgio Ghisi
Giorgio Ghisi (1520 — 15 December 1582) was an Italian engraver from Mantua who also worked in Antwerp and in France. He made both prints and damascened metalwork, although only two surviving examples of the latter are known. He worked in a late Mannerist style.

Giovanni Battista Scultori
Giovanni Battista Scultori (1503 – 29 December 1575), also Giovanni Battista Mantovano or Mantuana, was an Italian Mannerist painter, sculptor and engraver.

Scultori was born in Mantua. He was a pupil of Giulio Romano, and supported himself through work in the Palazzo del Te. Most of what is known about him is through the 20 or so engravings of his that have survived.  His son Adamo Scultori and daughter Diana Scultori also became engravers. Scultori died in Mantua in 1575.
Taljhari railway station
Taljhari railway station is a railway stationon the Rampurhat-Sahibganj section under the Malda railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated beside National Highway 80 at Taljhari in Sahebganj district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

Malda railway division
Malda railway division is one of the four railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed in 1975 and its headquarters is located at Malda in West Bengal, India.

Asansol railway division, Sealdah railway division and Howrah railway division are the other railway divisions under the ER Zone headquartered at Kolkata.
1995 FIVB Volleyball World League
The 1995 FIVB Volleyball World League was the sixth edition of the annual men's international volleyball tournament, played by 12 countries from 19 May to 9 July 1995. The Final Round was held in Rio de Janeiro (Main) and Belo Horizonte (Sub), Brazil.

FIVB Volleyball World League
The FIVB Volleyball World League was an annual international men's volleyball competition. Created in 1990, it was the longest and richest of all the international events organized by the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB). The women's version of the competition was called FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix. This event should not be confused with the other international volleyball competitions, the World Championship, the World Cup and the World Grand Champions Cup.

From 2018, the World League and World Grand Prix was replaced by the men's and women's Nations League and men's and women's Challenger Cup.
6255 Kuma
6255 Kuma, provisional designation 1994 XT, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 22 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 December 1994, by Japanese astronomer Akimasa Nakamura at Kuma Kogen Astronomical Observatory on the Island of Shikoku, Japan. It was named after the Japanese town of Kumakōgen.

Akimasa Nakamura
Akimasa Nakamura (中村 彰正, Nakamura Akimasa; fl. 1990s) (born 1961) is a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific observer of asteroids and comets, as well as a discoverer of minor planets. He has worked extensively at the Kuma Kogen Astronomical Observatory near Kuma, Ehime Prefecture, where he remains a staff member. His observations of asteroid brightness are well known.
Pentaprism
A pentaprism is a five-sided reflecting prism used to deviate a beam of light by a constant 90°, even if the entry beam is not at 90° to the prism.
The beam reflects inside the prism twice, allowing the transmission of an image through a right angle without inverting it (that is, without changing the image's handedness) as an ordinary right-angle prism or mirror would.

The reflections inside the prism are not caused by total internal reflection, since the beams are incident at an angle less than the critical angle (the minimum angle for total internal reflection). Instead, the two faces are coated to provide mirror surfaces. The two opposite transmitting faces are often coated with an antireflection coating to reduce spurious reflections. The fifth face of the prism is not used optically but truncates what would otherwise be an awkward angle joining the two mirrored faces.

Medium format
Medium format has traditionally referred to a film format in photography and the related cameras and equipment that use film. Nowadays, the term applies to film and digital cameras that record images on media larger than the 24 mm × 36 mm (0.94 in × 1.42 in) used in 35 mm photography (though not including 127 sizes), but smaller than 4 in × 5 in (100 mm × 130 mm) (which is considered large format photography).

In digital photography, medium format refers either to cameras adapted from medium-format film photography uses or to cameras making use of sensors larger than that of a 35 mm film frame. Some of the benefits of using medium-format digital cameras include higher resolution sensors, better low-light capabilities compared to a traditional 35mm DSLR, and a wider dynamic range.
Leonard D. White
Leonard Dupee White (January 17, 1891 – February 23, 1958) was an American historian who specialized in public administration in the United States. His technique was to study administration in the context of grouped U.S. presidential terms.  A founder of the field, White worked at the University of Chicago after service in the administrations of Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Pulitzer Prize for History
The Pulitzer Prize for History, administered by Columbia University, is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It has been presented since 1917 for a distinguished book about the history of the United States. Thus it is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year. The Pulitzer Prize program has also recognized some historical work with its Biography prize, from 1917, and its General Nonfiction prize, from 1962.

Finalists have been announced since 1980, ordinarily two others beside the winner.
The Chosen (Potok novel)
The Chosen is a novel written by Chaim Potok. It was first published in 1967. It follows the narrator, Reuven Malter, and his friend Daniel Saunders, as they grow up in the Williamsburg neighborhood in Brooklyn, New York, in the 1940s. A sequel featuring Reuven's young adult years, The Promise, was published in 1969.

Modern Orthodox Judaism
Modern Orthodox Judaism (also Modern Orthodox or Modern Orthodoxy) is a movement within Orthodox Judaism that attempts to synthesize Jewish values and the observance of Jewish law with the modern world.

Modern Orthodoxy draws on several teachings and philosophies, and thus assumes various forms. In the United States, and generally in the Western world, Centrist Orthodoxy underpinned by the philosophy of Torah Umadda ("Torah and secular knowledge") is prevalent. In Israel, Modern Orthodoxy is dominated by Religious Zionism; however, although not identical, these movements share many of the same values and many of the same adherents.
Glen River (County Down)
Glen River is a short river in County Down, Northern Ireland. The two-mile (3.2 km) course flows north-east from the foot of Slieve Commedagh and Slieve Donard in the Mourne Mountains into Dundrum Bay at Newcastle, descending 1,500 feet (460 m).

It is quite a fast-flowing river with many small waterfalls and deep pools. The bedrock is composed of granite in the upper parts, becoming dark shale lower down. It flows through Donard Forest and Donard Park and is crossed by five bridges. The path that runs alongside the river is commonly used by walkers climbing Slieve Donard.

Newcastle, County Down
Newcastle is a small seaside resort town in County Down, Northern Ireland, which had a population of 8,298 at the 2021 Census. It lies by the Irish Sea at the foot of Slieve Donard, the highest of the Mourne Mountains. Newcastle is known for its sandy beach, forests (Donard Forest and Tollymore Forest Park), and mountains. The town lies within the Newry, Mourne and Down District.

The town aims to promote itself as the "activity resort" for Northern Ireland.  It has benefited from a multi-million pound upgrade to the promenade and main street.  The town is twinned with New Ross, County Wexford, in the Republic of Ireland.
Talia Saunders
Talia Jay Saunders (born 24 October 1986) is an Australian badminton player. Saunders won the mixed doubles title at the Australian National Badminton Championships with three different partners in 2011, 2013, 2014 and 2015. At the Oceania Championships, she reach the semi-final round in the women's doubles event in 2012 and 2015; mixed doubles in 2014 and 2015; and in the women's singles in 2015. Her best achievement was when she reach the women's doubles final in 2015 and won a silver with Jennifer Tam.

Jennifer Tam
Jennifer Hoi-kw Tam (born 27 May 1996) is an Australian badminton player. She won the women's doubles title at the 2016 Oceania Championships partnered with Tiffany Ho. Tam also won the BWF event of Waikato International tournament in the women's doubles event.
End of interrupt
An end of interrupt (EOI) is a computing signal sent to a programmable interrupt controller (PIC) to indicate the completion of interrupt processing for a given interrupt. Interrupts are used to facilitate hardware signals sent to the processor that temporarily stop a running program and allow a special program, an interrupt handler, to run instead. An EOI is used to cause a PIC to clear the corresponding bit in the in-service register (ISR), and thus allow more interrupt requests (IRQs) of equal or lower priority to be generated by the PIC.

EOIs may indicate the interrupt vector implicitly or explicitly. An explicit EOI vector is indicated with the EOI, whereas an implicit EOI vector will typically use a vector as indicated by the PICs priority schema, for example the highest vector in the ISR. Also, EOIs may be sent at the end of interrupt processing by an interrupt handler, or the operation of a PIC may be set to auto-EOI at the start of the interrupt handler.

Interrupt
In digital computers, an interrupt is a request for the processor to interrupt currently executing code (when permitted), so that the event can be processed in a timely manner. If the request is accepted, the processor will suspend its current activities, save its state, and execute a function called an interrupt handler (or an interrupt service routine, ISR) to deal with the event. This interruption is often temporary, allowing the software to resume normal activities after the interrupt handler finishes, although the interrupt could instead indicate a fatal error.

Interrupts are commonly used by hardware devices to indicate electronic or physical state changes that require time-sensitive attention. Interrupts are also commonly used to implement computer multitasking and system calls, especially in real-time computing. Systems that use interrupts in these ways are said to be interrupt-driven.
Seri Jahan
Seri Jahan (Persian: سريجهن, also Romanized as Serī Jahan and Sarī Jahan; also known as Sar Jahan, Sīrījahan, Sīrī Jahan, and Sīr Jahand) is a village in Garmsir Rural District, in the Central District of Ardestan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 53, in 14 families.

Garmsir Rural District
Garmsir Rural District (Persian: دهستان گرمسير) is in Mahabad District of Ardestan County, Isfahan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Mughar. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Mahabad, now a city.
On This Day ... Live at The Vanguard
On This Day ... Live At The Vanguard is an album recorded live in September 2002 at the Village Vanguard jazz club by Joe Lovano with his award-winning nonet. It was released on July 8, 2003, via Blue Note label.

Village Vanguard
The Village Vanguard is a jazz club at Seventh Avenue South in Greenwich Village, New York City. The club was opened on February 22, 1935, by Max Gordon. Originally, the club presented folk music and beat poetry, but it became primarily a jazz music venue in 1957. It has hosted many highly renowned jazz musicians since then, and today is the oldest operating jazz club in New York City.
Ferdinand Topacio
Ferdinand "Ferdie" Sumague Topacio (born November 9, 1965) is a Filipino lawyer, film producer and jazz vocalist. He was a speechwriter to Vice President Salvador Laurel, and had served as legal counsel to Manila Mayor Alfredo Lim, former presidents Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and Joseph Estrada, the families of the victims of the 2015 Mamasapano clash, and POGO businesswoman Cassandra Ong.

Case Unclosed
Case Unclosed is a Philippine television documentary show broadcast by GMA Network. Originally hosted by Kara David, it premiered on October 2, 2008. Arnold Clavio served as the final host. The show concluded on February 25, 2010, with a total of 70 episodes.

The show is streaming online on YouTube.
Sool Joogto
Sool Joogto is a village in the Togdheer region of Somaliland. It comes under Buuhoodle District.

In recent history, the city held a ceremony of inducting one of its local clan elders, Mohamed Suleiman Awed (Maxamed Saleebaan Cawed), who is a major clan elder in the city of Buuhoodle, while also promoting and strengthening the unity and prosperity in the towns that the locals inhabit in Buuhoodle District.

Administrative divisions of Somalia
As Somalia is officially a federal republic, the country is divided into seven federal member states, 18 administrative regions (gobollo, singular gobol), and 72 districts. (plural degmooyin; singular degmo)
Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt
The Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XXVI, alternatively 26th Dynasty or Dynasty 26) was the last native dynasty of ancient Egypt before the Persian conquest in 525 BC (although other brief periods of rule by Egyptians followed). The dynasty's reign (664–525 BC) is also called the Saite Period after the city of Sais, where its pharaohs had their capital, and marks the beginning of the Late Period of ancient Egypt.

Dynasties of ancient Egypt
In ancient Egyptian history, dynasties are a series of rulers sharing a common origin. They are usually, but not always, traditionally divided into 33 pharaonic dynasties; these dynasties are commonly grouped by modern scholars into "kingdoms" and "intermediate periods".

The 31 dynastic divisions come from the 3rd century BC Egyptian priest Manetho, whose history Aegyptiaca was probably written for a Greek-speaking Ptolemaic ruler but survives only in fragments and summaries. While widely used and useful, the system does have its shortcomings. Some dynasties only ruled part of Egypt and existed concurrently with other dynasties based in other cities. Some dynasties like the Abydos Dynasty weren't counted; the 7th might not have existed at all, the 10th seems to be a continuation of the 9th, and there might have been one or several Egyptian dynasties before what is termed the 1st Dynasty.
Michael Duffy (Australian journalist)
Michael Duffy is an Australian author and former journalist and broadcaster. He and his wife the artist Alex Snellgrove own the publishing company Duffy & Snellgrove, which published the first books by Peter Robb (Midnight in Sicily), Ashley Hay (The Secret), John Birmingham (He Died with a Felafel in His Hand) and Rosalie Ham (The Dressmaker). Other authors included Les Murray, Mungo MacCallum and John Olsen. The company stopped publishing new titles in 2005.

Duffy presented ABC Radio National's Counterpoint with Paul Comrie-Thomson. Set up to provide some balance to the station's left-wing Late Night Live, Counterpoint went on to rate better than its source of inspiration.

Duffy has written four true crime books and the Sydney crime novels The Tower, The Simple Death and Drive By. He is now writing the Bella Greaves series of crime novels set in the Blue Mountains. The first is The Problem with Murder.

John Birmingham
John Birmingham (born 7 August 1964) is a British-born Australian author, known for the 1994 memoir He Died with a Felafel in His Hand, the Axis of Time trilogy, and the well-received space opera series, the Cruel Stars trilogy.
William Strahan (publisher)
William Strahan (24 March 1715 – 9 July 1785) was a Scottish printer and publisher, and a politician who sat in the House of Commons between from 1774 to 1784. He was a correspondent and later a good friend of Benjamin Franklin.

King's Printer
The King's Printer (known as the Queen's Printer during the reign of a female monarch) is typically a bureau of the national, state, or provincial government responsible for producing official documents issued by the King-in-Council, Ministers of the Crown, or other departments. The position is defined by letters patent under the royal prerogative in Canada and the United Kingdom.
Transportation in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
Transportation in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania has a long and variegated history. An early-settled part of the United States, and lying on the route between Philadelphia and Harrisburg, it has been the site of early experiments in canals, railroads, and highways. Before all these, at least ten Native American paths crossed parts of the county, many connecting with the Susquehannock village of Conestoga.

Lancaster, Oxford and Southern Railway
The Lancaster, Oxford and Southern Railway (LO&S) was a 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge railway that operated in southeastern Pennsylvania between 1912 and 1918, as a successor company following the bankruptcy of the Lancaster, Oxford and Southern Railroad. The main line connected Oxford and Peach Bottom, Pennsylvania.
Siddharth Pandey (chemist)
Siddharth Pandey is an Indian chemist and professor working in the field of experimental physical chemistry. He currently serves as the N. K. Jha Chair Professor at the Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi). He has been a professor at IIT Delhi since April 2011 and previously held the position of Head of the Department from September 2022 to August 2024. He has also served as a visiting professor at the University of Missouri, Columbia, USA. He started his academic career as an assistant professor at New Mexico Tech, USA in 2000.

He earned the Chemical Research Society of India Bronze Medal (2016), Excellence in Teaching Award from IIT Delhi (2012), and was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (2015).

Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) is one of the most prestigious awards conferred by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in the United Kingdom. Existing Fellows include award winning scientists and Nobel prize winners.
Adda (2013 film)
Adda is a 2013 Indian Telugu-language action film directed by G. S. Karthik Reddy and jointly produced by Chintalapudi Srinivasarao and Sushanth's mother, Anumolu Naga Susheela, under Sri Nag Corporation. It featured Sushanth and Shanvi in the lead roles.

Anup Rubens
Anup Rubens, born Enoch Rubens, is an Indian music composer and singer who predominantly works in Telugu cinema. He has received  a Filmfare Award, a Nandhi Award,  GAMA Awards and a SIIMA Award.

Rubens popular works include Gowtam SSC (2005), Prema Kavali (2011), Ishq (2012), Sukumarudu (2013), Gunde Jaari Gallanthayyinde (2013), Manam (2014), Gopala Gopala (2015), Temper (2015), Soggade Chinni Nayana (2016), Katamarayudu (2017), Nene Raju Nene Mantri (2017), Paisa Vasool (2017), 30 Rojullo Preminchadam Ela (2021), Drushyam 2 (2021) and Bangarraju (2022).
PIN diode
A PIN diode is a diode with a wide, undoped intrinsic semiconductor region between a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor region. The p-type and n-type regions are typically heavily doped because they are used for ohmic contacts.

The wide intrinsic region is in contrast to an ordinary p–n diode. The wide intrinsic region makes the PIN diode an inferior rectifier (one typical function of a diode), but it makes it suitable for attenuators, fast switches, photodetectors, and high-voltage power electronics applications.

The PIN photodiode was invented by Jun-Ichi Nishizawa and his colleagues in 1950. It is a semiconductor device.

Step recovery diode
In electronics, a step recovery diode (SRD, snap-off diode or charge-storage diode or memory varactor) is a semiconductor junction diode with the ability to generate extremely short pulses. It has a variety of uses in microwave (MHz to GHz range) electronics as pulse generator or parametric amplifier.

When diodes switch from forward conduction to reverse cut-off, a reverse current flows briefly as stored charge is removed. It is the abruptness with which this reverse current ceases which characterises the step recovery diode.
NGC 125
NGC 125 (also known as PGC 1772) is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It is designated as subclass Sa Ring in the galaxy morphological classification scheme. It lies approximately 235 million light-years away.

NGC 125 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on 25 December 1790 and viewed with a reflecting telescope with an aperture of 18.7 inches. At the time of discovery, its coordinates were recorded as 00h 21m 41s, +87° 56.1′ -20.0″. It was also observed 12 October 1827 by John Herschel. Dreyer described NGC 125 as "very faint" and "small", with a "brighter middle". It is about 115 thousand light-years across, making it slightly larger than the Milky Way galaxy.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.