hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paoro
Paoro is a mythical entity that appears in early Māori creation myths.

The name Paoro (meaning echo) appears in John White's English translation of a Māori story attributed by him to the Ngāti Hau tribe, as a personal name meaning 'Echo'. However, in the Māori language original which White also supplies, the name Paoro does not appear – instead the word used is 'pari-kārangaranga', "echoing cliff".

In the Māori story, Mārikoriko (Twilight) is the first woman, created by Ārohirohi (Shimmering heat) from the heat of the sun (Kau-ata-ata) and the echoing cliff (Paoro).  She married Tiki, the first man, and gave birth to Hine-kau-ataata (Woman floating in shadows).

Tiki
In Māori mythology, Tiki is the first man created by either Tūmatauenga or Tāne. He found the first woman, Marikoriko, in a pond; she seduced him and he became the father of Hine-kau-ataata. By extension, a tiki is a large or small wooden, pounamu or other stone carving in humanoid form, although this is a somewhat archaic usage in the Māori language, where a tiki is usually a hei-tiki, a pendant worn around the neck. Hei-tiki are often considered taonga, especially if they are older and have been passed down throughout multiple generations. Carvings similar to tiki and coming to represent deified ancestors are found in most Polynesian cultures. They often serve to mark the boundaries of sacred or significant sites. The word has cognates in other Polynesian languages, such as tiʻi in Tahitian and kiʻi in Hawaiian. In the Western world, Tiki culture, a movement inspired by various Pacific cultures, has become popular in the 20th and 21st centuries.
UWI Seismic Research Centre
The University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC) is a centre for volcanological, seismic and geophysical research in Trinidad and Tobago, which has the responsibility for monitoring and studying earthquakes, volcanoes and tsunamis across the Eastern Caribbean. Part of the University of the West Indies, it is also responsible for providing formal advice, and information, around the volcanic, seismic and tsunami hazards and events across the region, to reduce risk and protect lives and livelihoods. In recent years, UWI-SRC has managed ongoing volcanic unrest at the Soufriere Hills Volcano through the running of the Montserrat Volcano Observatory, and the 2020–2021 eruptions of La Soufrière on St Vincent.

Montserrat Volcano Observatory
The Montserrat Volcano Observatory (MVO) is a volcano observatory which is located on the Caribbean island of Montserrat, where the Soufrière Hills volcano (SHV) has been actively erupting since 1995.

The MVO staff describe their activities as working to reduce the impact of volcanic activity by monitoring, researching, educating, and advising.

The MVO building is situated in the village of Flemmings, near Salem in the parish of St. Peter, in the west of the island.
James Shairp
James Maitland Shairp (died 1795) was an officer in the British Marines and a member of the First Fleet which founded European settlement in Australia.

Commissioned as a Marines officer in 1778, Shairp volunteered for Australian service in 1787 and spent two years as second in command at Rose Hill, New South Wales, the colony's only inland settlement. In 1789 he was a principal protagonist in the "Criminal Court Affair," a dispute between civilian and military authorities which was a catalyst for the 1792 replacement of the colony's Marine detachment with the New South Wales Corps.

His colonial deployment at an end, Shairp returned to England in 1792 and resumed his service with the Chatham Division of Marines. He was promoted to captain of Marines in 1795, but died later that year.

First Fleet
The First Fleet were eleven British ships which transported a group of settlers to mainland Australia, marking the beginning of the European colonisation of Australia. It consisted of two Royal Navy vessels, three storeships and six convict transports under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip. On 13 May 1787, the ships, with over 1,400 convicts, marines, sailors, colonial officials, and free settlers onboard, left Portsmouth and travelled over 24,000 kilometres (15,000 mi; 13,000 nmi) and over 250 days before arriving in Botany Bay, New South Wales, on 18 January 1788. Governor Arthur Phillip rejected Botany Bay, choosing instead Port Jackson to the north as the site for the new colony; the Fleet arrived there on 26 January 1788. The Fleet established the Colony of New South Wales as a penal colony; the first British settlement in Australia.
Canal Street (Runcorn)
Canal Street was a sports stadium used by Runcorn RFC and later Runcorn FC, in Canal Street, Runcorn, a town now within the borough of Halton in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, and on the southern bank of the River Mersey. It was also used for other sports.

Borough of Halton
The Borough of Halton (/hɒltən/) is a local authority district with borough status in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, North West England. It is administered by Halton Borough Council, a unitary authority since 1998. The borough contains the towns of Runcorn and Widnes and the civil parishes of Daresbury, Hale, Halebank, Moore, Preston Brook, and Sandymoor. Since 2014, it has been part of the Liverpool City Region and the council is a member of the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority.

The neighbouring districts (clockwise from west) are Liverpool, Knowsley and St Helens, which are fellow boroughs of the Liverpool City Region, and Warrington and Cheshire West and Chester in Cheshire.
LX Bar Ranch State Historic Site
LX Bar Ranch State Historic Site is a historical ranch in Campbell County, Wyoming purchased in 1902, by John B. Kendrick (1857–1933), who later became a United States senator from Wyoming and the ninth governor of Wyoming. The ranch is a Wyoming Historical Landmarks.

Wyoming Historical Landmarks
Wyoming Historical Landmarks are buildings, structures, sites, or places in the U.S. State of Wyoming that have been determined to have statewide historical landmark significance. The list is made by Wyoming Division of State Parks and Historic Sites and is noted for its historical importance. Many of the sites are also listed on US National list.
Discovery Park (Hong Kong)
Discovery Park (Chinese: 愉景新城), formerly and still commonly known as D·PARK, is a residential development in Hong Kong, located at 398 Castle Peak Road, Tsuen Wan in the New Territories. The whole estate including the residential flats and the shopping centre spans over 2,700,000 square feet (250,000 m2).

Its developer is Hong Kong Resort Company Limited and New World Development Company Limited is responsible for the management of the shopping centre.

Hong Kong Resort Company
Hong Kong Resort Company Limited (Chinese: 香港興業有限公司) is a joint venture between HKR International and CITIC Pacific. It is best known for the Discovery Bay development, on Lantau Island, Hong Kong.

Hong Kong Resort Co. Limited was incorporated in 1973. Until 1994, Hong Kong Resort was a wholly owned subsidiary of HKR International Ltd. CITIC Pacific acquired a 50% interest that year.
1858 Grand National
The 1858 Grand National was the 20th renewal of the Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree near Liverpool, England, on 6 March 1858. Due to persistent snow and rain in the week of the race, it was postponed from the appointed day and run on the Saturday. Men were employed to clear snow from the course to ensure it was run within the week of the appointed day to ensure the anti post bets weren't void. The result was a race run in almost completely unsuitable conditions with what was regarded at the time as the poorest quality field of competitors in the history of the race.

Aintree Racecourse
Aintree Racecourse is a racecourse in Aintree, Merseyside, England, near to Liverpool. The racecourse is the venue for the Grand National steeplechase, which takes place annually in April over three days. Aintree also holds meetings in May, October (Sunday), November and December (both Saturdays).

The Aintree Racecourse had suffered three major disruptions in post-war history, starting with the 1993 Grand National due to a series of false starts and no winner was announced, followed by the 1997 Grand National, postponed to Monday because of an IRA bomb threat and the 2023 Grand National was delayed due to Animal Rights protesters.
Sjøneset Spur
Sjøneset Spur (71°17′S 13°35′E﻿ / ﻿71.283°S 13.583°E﻿ / -71.283; 13.583) is a prominent rock spur from the Gruber Mountains, extending north along the east side of Anuchin Glacier to Lake Ober-See, in the Wohlthat Mountains of Queen Maud Land. It was discovered and plotted from air photos by the German Antarctic Expedition of 1938–39, and replotted from air photos and surveys by the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956–60, and named Sjøneset ("the lake cape").

Wohlthat Mountains
71°35′S 12°20′E﻿ / ﻿71.583°S 12.333°E﻿ / -71.583; 12.333
Wohlthat Mountains (German: Wohlthatmassiv) is a large group of associated mountain features consisting of the Humboldt Mountains, Petermann Ranges, and the Gruber Mountains, located immediately east of the Orvin Mountains in Fimbulheimen in the central Queen Maud Land. Discovered by the Third German Antarctic Expedition (1938–1939), led by Capt. Alfred Ritscher, and named for Prussian State Councilor Helmuth Wohlthat, who as economist and fiscal officer dealt with the organization of the expedition.

The area was reconnoitered and aerially photographed by the 5th Indian Antarctic Expedition (Nov 1985-Mar 1986) with a three-month temporary summer camp established there. The area was revisited by later Indian Antarctic expeditions.
Cumbria Fire and Rescue Service
Cumbria Fire and Rescue Service is the statutory fire and rescue service for Cumberland and Westmorland and Furness in Cumbria, England. Since 2012, the headquarters for the service's 38 fire stations are at Penrith next to the headquarters of Cumbria Constabulary.

His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services
His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS), formerly Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (HMIC), has statutory responsibility for the inspection of the police forces of England and Wales, and since July 2017 the fire and rescue services of England. HMICFRS is headed by the Chief Inspector of Constabulary and Chief Inspector of Fire & Rescue Services. It has taken over the responsibilities of His Majesty's Fire Service Inspectorate.

Inspections may also be made, by invitation only, and on a non-statutory basis, of the Police Service of Northern Ireland and other organisations with policing responsibility.
1734 English cricket season
In the 1734 English cricket season, the active teams were four counties (Kent, Middlesex, Surrey, and Sussex); and two clubs (Croydon and London). Records have been found of the earliest known match at the Vine Cricket Ground in Sevenoaks (aka Sevenoaks Vine). Details of eight matches are known.

Surrey county cricket team (pre-1846)
Until 1845, the Surrey county cricket team, always known as Surrey, was organised by individual patrons and other groups, particularly Chertsey Cricket Club in the 18th century, and by Montpelier Cricket Club in the 19th. The team played important matches from the early 18th century until the formation of Surrey County Cricket Club on 22 August 1845.
Fados (film)
Fados  is a 2007 Portuguese film directed by  Carlos Saura. The film, a fusion of cinema, song, dance and instrumental numbers, explores Portugal's most emblematic musical genre, fado, and its spirit of saudade (melancholy).

Under the musical supervision of Carlos do Carmo, Fados completed Saura's musical trilogy form with Flamenco (1995) and Tango (1998). Saura deploys mirrors, back projections, lighting effects, and lush colors to frame each song.

Fados contains homages to  Maria Severa, Alfredo Marceneiro, and Amália Rodrigues, as well as turns by modern stars like Mariza and Camané. Saura expands the songs (which traditionally involve just a singer and a guitarist) with dance and encompasses other nationalities of Portugal's former colonies and idioms (such as hip hop, flamenco and reggae).

Tango (1998 film)
Tango  (Spanish: Tango, no me dejes nunca, translation: Tango, never leave me) is a 1998 Argentine-Spanish musical drama film written and directed by Carlos Saura and starring Miguel Ángel Solá and Mía Maestro. It was photographed by cinematographer Vittorio Storaro.
Dzelzava Manor
Dzelzava Manor (Latvian: Dzelzavas muižas pils, German: Selsau) is a manor house in Dzelzava Parish, Madona Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. It was built in Baroque style and completed in 1767. Damaged by fire in 1905, it was fully restored to its original appearance in 1908 under the guidance of architect Vilhelms Bokslafs. The building currently houses the Dzelzava primary school.

Madona Municipality
Madona Municipality (Latvian: Madonas novads) is a municipality in Vidzeme, Latvia. The administrative center is Madona.

The total area of the municipality is 2,153.4 square kilometres (831.4 sq mi), and the population in January 2013 was 26,953. Of these, economically active people were ~ 15,800 in Madona Municipality and 32,000 economically active people in the closest region.
Orphanage tourism
Orphanage tourism is a type of tourism in which the wealthy of western countries visit orphanages in poorer countries. The practice has been described as commodifying the orphans for the benefit of tour operators and the management of the orphanages, while the tourists are exploited for their money. The children are expected to be "poor but happy" and are encouraged to engage in inappropriately intimate encounters with strangers with the risk of abuse.

Orphanage tourism is characterized as a form of volunteer tourism, a concept which itself has been subjected to heavy criticism.

International volunteering
International volunteering is when volunteers contribute their time to work for organisations or causes outside their home countries. International volunteering has a long association with international development or environment, with the aim of bringing benefits to host communities. It can include a range of services, from healthcare advancement to economic development to governance.

Trends show that international volunteering has become increasingly popular across many countries over the past few decades. International volunteering is a broad term which is used to capture multi-year, skilled placements as well as short term roles. The term voluntourism has become common to describe certain types of volunteering organised by governments, charities and travel agents.
Rødkærsbro
Rødkærsbro is a railway town in Viborg Municipality in central Jutland, Denmark. It is located 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Bjerringbro, 8 km (5.0 mi) northwest of Ans, 26 km (16 mi) north of Silkeborg, 10 km (6.2 mi) northeast of Kjellerup and 16 km (9.9 mi) southeast of Viborg. As of 1 January 2025, Rødkærsbro has a population of 1,737.

Kjellerup
Kjellerup is a Danish town with a population of 5,247 (1 January 2025). It is located 17 km north of Silkeborg and 20 km south of Viborg in Central Jutland.

The town was the seat of the former Kjellerup Municipality.
Khadak, Nepal
Khadak Municipality (Nepali: खडक नगरपालिका) is located in Saptari District in the Province 2 of Nepal. It was formed in 2016 occupying current 11 sections (wards) merging previous Siswa Belhi, Banarjhula, Pansera, Khojpur, Kalyanpur, Fulbariya, Mainasarsabahu and Banauli VDCs, residing its head office at Kalyanpur Bazaar. It occupies an area of 96.77 km2 with a total population of 45,367.

Siswa Beihi
Siswa Beihi  is a village development committee in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4707 people living in 1061 individual households.
George Gill Range
George Gill Range is a mountain range in the southern part of Australia's Northern Territory, 215 km (134 mi) southwest of Alice Springs. It is an extension of the MacDonnell Ranges and consists mainly of sandstone.

In the southern part of the range there are some springs and water holes. Among other things, the Kings Creek flows here, which at the western end created the Kings Canyon over millions of years. This canyon offers over 100 meter high rock walls in various colors, a permanently water-bearing billabong with lush vegetation and is surrounded by a plateau with spectacular stone formations. This natural beauty makes it one of the main tourist attractions in the region. About 36% of the range is located in Watarrka National Park.

The first European to visit the area was Ernest Giles in 1872. He named it after his brother-in-law, George Gill, who had helped him fund the expedition.

MacDonnell Ranges
The MacDonnell Ranges, or Tjoritja in Arrernte, is a mountain range located in southern Northern Territory. MacDonnell Ranges is also the name given to an interim Australian bioregion broadly encompassing the mountain range, with an area of 3,929,444 hectares (9,709,870 acres). The range is a 644 km (400 mi) long series of mountains in central Australia, consisting of parallel ridges running to the east and west of Alice Springs. The mountain range contains many spectacular gaps and gorges as well as areas of Aboriginal significance.

The ranges were named after Sir Richard MacDonnell (the Governor of South Australia at the time) by John McDouall Stuart, whose 1860 expedition reached them in April of that year. The Horn Expedition investigated the ranges as part of the scientific expedition into central Australia. Other explorers of the range included David Lindsay and John Ross.

The MacDonnell Ranges were often depicted in the paintings of Albert Namatjira.
Brook Meadow (Emsworth)
Brook Meadow (Emsworth) is a  3.9-hectare (9.6-acre) Local Nature Reserve in Emsworth in Hampshire. It is owned by Havant Borough Council and managed by Brook Meadow Conservation Group.

Most of this site is grassland, which is surrounded by woodland and flanked by two streams. The diverse wildlife includes water voles.

Emsworth
Emsworth is a town in the Borough of Havant in the county of Hampshire, on the south coast of England near the border with West Sussex. It lies at the north end of an arm of Chichester Harbour, a large and shallow inlet from the English Channel, and is equidistant between Portsmouth and Chichester.

Emsworth had a population of 10,269 at the 2021 Census. The town has a basin for yachts and fishing boats, which fills at high tide and can be emptied through a sluice at low tide. In geodemographic segmentation the town is the heart of the Emsworth (cross-county) built-up area, the remainder of which is Westbourne, Southbourne and Nutbourne. The area had a combined population of 18,777 in 2011, with a density of 30.5 people per hectare, and shares two railway stations.
Christoffelturm
The Christoffelturm was a tower built between the years 1344 and 1346, which featured a prominently displayed statue of Saint Christopher. It was located in the old part of the Swiss city of Bern, in the upper section of Spitalgasse, near Holy Spirit Church.

After a political decision on December 15, 1864, the Christoffelturm was removed by Gottlieb Ott, a Swiss building contractor. Ott began the destruction of the tower in spring of the following year.

The decision to remove the tower, which had become a landmark of sorts, was not met without opposition, and the motion of removal succeeded only by a 415 to 411 vote.

During an extended period of time, other statues existed near or actually on the site where the tower used to stand. These included a statue of King David, both as a boy holding a slingshot, and as a man. An early 20th century plan to erect a figure of the Bernese knight Rudolf von Erlach was never realised.

Käfigturm
The Käfigturm is a Baroque tower in Bern, Switzerland.  It is part of the UNESCO Cultural World Heritage Site of the Old City of Bern and the tower is a Cultural Property of National Significance.  The original tower was built as a gate house during the second expansion of Bern in 1256.  The tower was demolished in 1640 and completely rebuilt immediately thereafter.
Miss Brazil World 2010
Miss Brazil World 2010 was the 21st edition of the Miss Brazil World pageant and 5th under MMB Productions & Events. The contest took place on August 7, 2010. Each state, the Federal District and representatives from various Insular Regions & the Brazilian diaspora competed for the title. Luciana Reis of Roraima crowned Kamilla Salgado of Pará at the end of the contest. Salgado represented Brazil at Miss World 2010. The contest was held at the Hotel do Frade in Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Miss World 2010
Miss World 2010 was the 60th anniversary of the Miss World pageant, held at the Crown of Beauty Theatre in Sanya, China, on 30 October 2010, after Vietnam backed out of the hosting contract.

Kaiane Aldorino of Gibraltar crowned Alexandria Mills of the United States as her successor at the end of the event. This is the third time United States has won the title.
Quartz Mountain, Oregon
Quartz Mountain is an unincorporated community in Lake County in the U.S. state of Oregon. It lies in the Fremont–Winema National Forest along Oregon Route 140 between Bly and Lakeview. Quartz Creek, a tributary of Drews Creek, which feeds Goose Lake, flows through the community.

Quartz Mountain is also the name of a ridge crossed by Route 140 at this point, about 30 miles (48 km) northwest of Lakeview. The mountain, the community, the creek, Quartz Mountain Pass, and Quartz Valley are named after a ledge of quartz in this ridge. Quartz Mountain Pass is the highest point along Route 140.

In 1930, a post office named Quartz Mountain was established along the highway near the pass. Vera A. Real was its first and only postmaster. The post office closed in 1943, and thereafter the Quartz Mountain mail went instead to Lakeview.

Bly, Oregon
Bly is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Klamath County, Oregon, United States. By highway, it is about 50 miles (80 km) east of Klamath Falls. As of 2020, the population was 207.
Study of global communication
The study of global communication is an interdisciplinary field focusing on global communication, or the ways that people connect, share, relate, and mobilize across geographic, political, economic, social, and cultural divides. Global communication implies a transfer of knowledge and ideas from centers of power to peripheries and the imposition of a new intercultural hegemony by means of the "soft power" of global news and entertainment...

Intercultural communication
Intercultural communication is a discipline that studies communication across different cultures and social groups, or how culture affects communication. It describes the wide range of communication processes and problems that naturally appear within an organization or social context made up of individuals from different religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds. In this sense, it seeks to understand how people from different countries and cultures act, communicate, and perceive the world around them. Intercultural communication focuses on the recognition and respect of those with cultural differences. The goal is mutual adaptation between two or more distinct cultures which leads to biculturalism/multiculturalism rather than complete assimilation. It promotes the development of cultural sensitivity and allows for empathic understanding across different cultures.