hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nitin Mukesh
Nitin Mukesh Mathur (born 27 June 1950) is an Indian playback singer known for his work as a playback singer in Hindi films as well as Bhajans. He has toured internationally, including to the United States in 1993, and a world tour in 2006 with his show Kal Ki Yaadein as a tribute to his father Mukesh.

Nitin Mukesh worked with notable music directors like Khayyam, R. D. Burman, Laxmikant-Pyarelal, Bappi Lahiri, Rajesh Roshan, Nadeem-Shravan, Anand–Milind during the 1980s and 1990s. He voiced for actors like Manoj Kumar, Shashi Kapoor, Jeetendra, Anil Kapoor, Jackie Shroff and others.

Playback singer
A playback singer, as they are usually known in South Asian cinema, or ghost singer in Western cinema, is a vocalist whose performance is pre-recorded for use in film. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and the actors lip-sync the songs for camera; the actual playback singer does not get filmed or appear on screen. Generally, to synchronise with the emotional situation of the song or complete film, the playback singer is given an idea or emotional context of that part of the film so that they can interpret by taking the right moves in their vocals.
Fothergilla malloryi
Fothergilla malloryi is an extinct species of flowering plant in the family Hamamelidaceae known from fossil leaves found in the early Eocene Klondike Mountain Formation deposits of northern Washington state.  The F. malloryi leaves are the earliest appearance in the fossil record of a member of the witchalder genus Fothergilla, which includes the living species F. gardenii, and F. major, both of which are native to the southeastern United States.  The genus also includes three or four other fossil species with two Asian Miocene species, F. viburnifolia from China, F. ryozenensis from Japan along with one Miocene North American species, F. praeolata of Oregon.  Fothergilla durhamensis described from Eocene sediments in King County, Washington is considered dubious in placement, and it was transferred to the genus Platimeliphyllum by Huegele et al. (2021).

Fothergilla latifolia
Fothergilla latifolia, the large witch alder or mountain witch alder, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Fothergilla, family Hamamelidaceae, that is native to woodland and swamps in the Allegheny Mountains and southern Appalachian Mountains of the southeastern United States. It is a deciduous shrub growing to 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) with fragrant white bottlebrush flowers appearing along with, or before, the glossy leaves. The leaves often turn brilliant shades of red and orange in autumn.

Fothergilla latifolia prefers full sun to part shade and is disease and insect resistant. It thrives in moist, acidic soils, but is fairly drought tolerant. It is hardy in USDA hardiness zones 4–8.

This genus is named for the English physician and plant collector John Fothergill (1712-1780). The Latin specific epithet for the synonym major means "larger". It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Taroman
Taroman is the highest mountain in the Cova Lima district of East Timor. The mountain’s summit is approximately 1730 metres above sea level. It houses a cloud forest, which is approximately 20 km2 in diameter. This forest is home to at least 53 bird species, and 300-500 plant species. The area’s biodiversity is threatened by free-range livestock.

Cova Lima Municipality
Cova Lima (Portuguese: Município Cova Lima, Tetum: Munisípiu Kovalima) is a municipality of Timor-Leste, in the Southwest part of the country. It has a population of 59,455 (Census 2010) and an area of 1,230 km2. The capital of the municipality is Suai, which lies 136 km from Dili, the national capital.
Rajko Mitić
Rajko Mitić (Serbian Cyrillic: Рајко Митић, pronounced [rǎːjko mǐːtitɕ]; 19 November 1922 – 29 March 2008) was a Serbian footballer, coach, executive and journalist.

A former forward, Mitić is considered one of the most important players in the history of Red Star Belgrade as he is the first out of only five players to have been awarded the Zvezdina zvezda.

In December 2014, Red Star Stadium, the principal stadium in Serbia, was officially renamed after him.

Yugoslavia national football team
The Yugoslavia national football team represented Yugoslavia in international association football.

Although the team mainly represented the pre-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the post-war SFR Yugoslavia, various iterations of the state were formally constituted in football, including the:

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1929)

Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–1945)

Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (1945)

Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1963)

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1963–1992)

It enjoyed success in international competition, reaching the semi-finals at the 1930 and 1962 FIFA World Cups. In 1992, during the Yugoslav wars, the team was suspended from international competition as part of the United Nations sanctions on Yugoslavia.
Mabrya
Mabrya is a genus of flowering plants in the plantain family, Plantaginaceae. It consists of herbaceous perennials with brittle upright or drooping stems, found in dry areas of Mexico and the southern United States.

Plantago
Plantago is a genus of about 200 species of flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae, commonly called plantains or fleaworts. The common name plantain is shared with the unrelated cooking plantain. Most are herbaceous plants, though a few are subshrubs growing to 60 centimetres (24 inches) tall.
Freewheelin' Woman
Freewheelin' Woman is the thirteenth studio album by American singer-songwriter Jewel, released on April 15, 2022, via her own label, Words Matter Media. It is Jewel's first album in seven years, following 2015's Picking Up the Pieces. The album was co-produced by Jewel and Butch Walker and was developed with the intention for Jewel to create music that she felt connected to and excited about rather than creating in order to meet expectations. Lyrically, the album touches on themes of independence, hope, womanhood, and heartbreak.

Picking Up the Pieces (Jewel album)
Picking Up the Pieces is the twelfth studio album from American singer-songwriter Jewel, released on September 11, 2015, through Sugar Hill Records. Self-produced, the album is said to be a bookend to her 1995 debut album, Pieces of You.
Allostatic load
Allostatic load is "the wear and tear on the body" which accumulates as an individual is exposed to repeated or chronic stress. The term was coined by Bruce McEwen and Eliot Stellar in 1993. It represents the physiological consequences of chronic exposure to fluctuating or heightened neural or neuroendocrine response which results from repeated or prolonged chronic stress.

Cortisol
Cortisol is a steroid hormone in the glucocorticoid class of hormones and a stress hormone. When used as medication, it is known as hydrocortisone.

Cortisol is produced in many animals, mainly by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex in an adrenal gland. In other tissues, it is produced in lower quantities. By a diurnal cycle, cortisol is released and increases in response to stress and a low blood-glucose concentration. It functions to increase blood sugar through gluconeogenesis, suppress the immune system, and aid in the metabolism of calories. It also decreases bone formation. These stated functions are carried out by cortisol binding to glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid receptors inside a cell, which then bind to DNA to affect gene expression.
Whithorn
Whithorn (Scots pronunciation: [ˈʍɪthorn]; Scottish Gaelic: Taigh Mhàrtainn), is a royal burgh in the historic county of Wigtownshire in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, about 10 miles (16 kilometres) south of Wigtown. The town was the location of the first recorded Christian church in Scotland, Candida Casa "White/Shining House", built by Saint Ninian about 397 CE.

Historic Scotland
Historic Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba Aosmhor) was an executive agency of the Scottish Office and later the Scottish Government from 1991 to 2015, responsible for safeguarding Scotland's built heritage and promoting its understanding and enjoyment. Under the terms of a Bill of the Scottish Parliament published on 3 March 2014, Historic Scotland was dissolved and its functions were transferred to Historic Environment Scotland (HES) on 1 October 2015. HES also took over the functions of the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland.
1935 Grand Prix season
The 1935 Grand Prix season was the second year of the new 750 kg Formula. The success of the previous year encouraged the AIACR to reinitiate the European Championship. It was composed of the seven national Grands Prix and was won by Rudolf Caracciola, driving for the Mercedes-Benz team. The team dominated the season winning five of those Grand Épreuves, as well as four of the other major races of the season. However, in one of the great motor-races in sporting history, Tazio Nuvolari in a Scuderia Ferrari Alfa Romeo beat the combined numbers of the German teams in their home Grand Prix. The season also saw the arrival on the international stage of the bright young talent Bernd Rosemeyer in the Auto Union team.

Note that the Nazi German flag, bearing the swastika, was adopted on 15 September 1935 – one week before the final championship race of the season.

AIACR European Championship
The European Drivers' Championship was an annual competition in auto racing that existed prior to the establishment of the Formula One world championship in 1950. It was established in 1931 and ran until the end of 1939 with a hiatus from 1933–34, and awarded points to drivers based on the results of selected Grand Prix races, the so-called Grandes Épreuves (this term had been used for the most prestigious races since the 1920s; the only Grande Épreuve to be excluded from the championship was the 1931 German Grand Prix). The championship was discontinued because of the outbreak of World War II in 1939, and no champion was officially declared for the last season.

The championship was run by the Association Internationale des Automobile Clubs Reconnus (AIACR), the forerunner to the FIA who are today's world governing body of motorsport.
Thai name
Thai names use the Western order of a given name followed by a family name. This is like Lao, but differs from the patterns of Cambodian which place the family name first.

Like Iranian and Turkish counterparts, Thai family names are a relatively recent introduction. They are required to be unique to a family; they are usually quite long as a result. Prior to the promulgation of the Surname Act of 1913 by King Vajiravudh (Rama VI), inhabitants of Siam did not have surnames, identifying themselves instead by their parents' given names or the place they resided.

While given names are used in formal settings and for recordkeeping, most Thais are also given a nickname at birth that is used in daily life. This nickname takes precedence over the given name in most other social situations, including school or the workplace.

Elias Dolah
Elias Dolah (Thai: เอเลียส ดอเลาะ, born 24 April 1993) is a professional footballer who plays primarily as a centre-back play for Thai League 1 club Buriram United. Born in Sweden, he represents the Thailand national team.
Okinawa Prefectural Peace Memorial Museum
Okinawa Prefectural Peace Memorial Museum (沖縄県立平和祈念資料館, Okinawa Kenritsu Heiwa Kinen Shiryōkan) is a museum in Itoman, Okinawa. It was established on June 11, 1975. The Cornerstone of Peace, a monument similar to the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, is located here.

Itoman, Okinawa
Itoman (糸満市, Itoman-shi; Okinawan: いちゅまん ʔIcuman) is a city located in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The city occupies the southern tip of Okinawa Island. As of 1 October 2020, the city has an estimated population of 61,007 and a population density of 1,308.32 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,388.5/sq mi). The total area is 46.63 km2 (18.00 sq mi).
Heidesheim am Rhein
Heidesheim am Rhein (German pronunciation: [ˈhaɪdəshaɪm ʔam ˈʁaɪn], lit. 'Heidesheim on the Rhine') is an Ortsbezirk (borough) of the town Ingelheim am Rhein in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Before July 2019, it was a separate municipality belonging to the former  Verbandsgemeinde (a kind of collective municipality) Heidesheim am Rhein, of which it was the administrative seat. Heidesheim was one of the biggest municipalities in Rhenish Hesse.

Budenheim
Budenheim (German pronunciation: [ˈbuːdn̩haɪm]) is a municipality in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Unlike other municipalities in Mainz-Bingen, it does not belong to any association of municipalities.
Grange Hill series 20
The twentieth series of the British television drama series Grange Hill began broadcasting on 21 January 1997, before ending on 27 March 1997 on BBC One. The series follows the lives of the staff and pupils of the eponymous school, an inner-city London comprehensive school. It consists of twenty episodes.

Grange Hill
Grange Hill is a British children's television drama series, originally produced by the BBC and portraying life in a typical comprehensive school. The show began its run on 8 February 1978 on BBC1, and was one of the longest-running programmes on British television when it ended on 15 September 2008 after 31 series. It was created by Phil Redmond, who is also responsible for the Channel 4 dramas Brookside and Hollyoaks; other notable production team members down the years have included producer Colin Cant and script editor Anthony Minghella.

The show was cancelled in 2008, having run every year for 30 years. It was felt by the BBC that the series had run its course.
Muskoka—Ontario (federal electoral district)
Muskoka—Ontario was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1949. It was located in the province of Ontario. This riding was created in 1924 from parts of Muskoka and Ontario North ridings.

It initially consisted of the territorial district of Muskoka and the part of the county of Ontario lying north of and including the township of Uxbridge and north of but excluding the township of Reach.

The electoral district was abolished in 1947 when it was redistributed between Ontario, Parry Sound-Muskoka, Simcoe East and Victoria ridings.

Victoria (Ontario electoral district)
Victoria was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1904 to 1968. It was located in the province of Ontario. This riding was first created in 1903 from parts of Peterborough East, Victoria North and Victoria South ridings.

It was initially defined as consisting of the county of Victoria, and the provisional county of Haliburton. In 1947, it was expanded to include the townships of Rama, Mara, Thorah and Brock in the county of Ontario.

The electoral district was abolished in 1966 when it became part of Victoria—Haliburton riding.
Begonia palmata
Begonia palmata is a species of plant in the genus Begonia of the family Begoniaceae. It is a small herb of height 20–90 cm tall. It is found in moist places, next to streams  or under the shade. It is found in many parts of Asia, including eastern Himalayas.

Eastern Himalayas
The Eastern Himalayas extend from eastern Nepal across Northeast India, Bhutan, the Tibet Autonomous Region to Yunnan in China and northern Myanmar. The climate of this region is influenced by the monsoon of South Asia from June to September. It is a biodiversity hotspot, with notable biocultural diversity.
St. Catherine's Chapel (Massey College)
The Chapel Royal at Massey College (Ojibwe: Gi-Chi-Twaa Gimaa Nini Mississauga Anishinaabek AName Amik, lit. ''The King's Anishinaabek Sacred Place''), also known as St. Catherine's Chapel, is the chapel of Massey College, a graduate residential college at the University of Toronto on its St. George campus.

Founded in 1963, it was made the third Chapel Royal in Canada by Queen Elizabeth II in 2017. It is the first ecumenical and interfaith worship space to be given the designation.

Christ Church Royal Chapel
Christ Church, His Majesty's Chapel Royal of the Mohawk is located on the Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory near Deseronto, Ontario, Canada. It is owned by the Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte First Nation and is associated with the Anglican Parish of Tyendinaga, Diocese of Ontario. It was designated as a National Historic Site in 1995 and is one of only three Chapels Royal in Canada, elevated by Queen Elizabeth II in 2004.
Butembo Airport
Butembo Airport, also known as Rughenda Airport, is a civil airport in the city of Butembo in the North Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It runs directly through the city, and as a consequence guards often need to be deployed in order to prevent pedestrians from crossing it. It's longest runway is 794 meters (2,605 feet) long.

Butembo
Butembo is a city in North Kivu, in the north eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, on the Rwenzori graben and west of Virunga National Park. The city is an important commercial centre with large markets, a cathedral, multiple large hospitals, and an airport. It is the city where live the most prosperous businessmen of the East of the country. The city is located in a region known for tea and coffee growing. As of 2024 it had an estimated population of 154,621.
Surinam, Mauritius
Surinam is a village located in the Savanne District of Mauritius. According to the 2011 census by Statistics Mauritius, the population was 10,507.

Nightingale College was a college in Surinam, Mauritius founded on 1 July 1964 by Seewooparsad Goolab. It was first located at Dr Sauzier's residence in Souillac. In 1965 it moved to L'Eglise St Jacques and in 1968 to a location near Souillac Hospital. It moved to Royal Road, Surinam in March 1970, where it remained until its takeover by the Ministry of Education.

Savanne District
Savanne (Mauritian Creole pronunciation: [savan]) or Savannah is a district of Mauritius, situated in the south of the island. The district has an area of 244.8 square kilometres (94.5 sq mi). As of 31 December 2015, the estimated population was 68,585.
Euclea gajentaani
Euclea gajentaani is a moth in the family Limacodidae (the slug caterpillar moths). The species was first described by entomologists Marc Epstein and Jorge Corrales in 2004. The species was named for Henricus Gajentaan, Ambassador of the Netherlands to Costa Rica.

Limacodidae
The Limacodidae or Eucleidae  are a family of moths in the superfamily Zygaenoidea or the Cossoidea; the placement is in dispute. They are often called slug moths because their caterpillars bear a distinct resemblance to slugs.  They are also called cup moths because of the shape of their cocoons.

The larvae are often liberally covered in protective stinging hairs, and are mostly tropical, but occur worldwide, with about 1800 described species and probably many more as yet undescribed species.
Bolshoy Salym
The Bolshoy Salym is a river in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is a left tributary of the Ob. It is 583 kilometres (362 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 18,100 square kilometres (7,000 sq mi).

Ob
The Ob (/ˈɒb/; Russian: Обь) is a major river in Russia. It is in western Siberia, and with its tributary the Irtysh forms the world's seventh-longest river system, at 5,410 kilometres (3,360 mi). The Ob forms at the confluence of the Biya and Katun which have their origins in the Altai Mountains. It is the westernmost of the three great Siberian rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean (the other two being the Yenisei and the Lena). Its flow is north-westward, then northward.

The main city on its banks is Novosibirsk, the largest city in Siberia, and the third-largest city in Russia. It is where the Trans-Siberian Railway crosses the river.

The Gulf of Ob is the world's longest estuary.
Palais Universitaire, Strasbourg
The Palais Universitaire in Strasbourg is a large, neo-Renaissance style building, constructed between 1879 and 1884 under the direction of the German architect Otto Warth. It was inaugurated in 1884 by Wilhelm I, Emperor of Germany. Through Avenue de la Liberté (former Kaiser-Wilhelm-Straße), it faces the equally monumental former imperial palace (Kaiserpalast).

The building served for several decades as the centre of the new imperial University of Strasbourg. The old university transferred from the buildings that it had occupied for centuries at the Jean Sturm Gymnasium to the new ones located in the Neustadt.

Christian Leopold von Buch
Christian Leopold von Buch (26 April 1774 – 4 March 1853), usually cited as Leopold von Buch, was a German geologist and paleontologist born in Stolpe an der Oder (now a part of Angermünde, Brandenburg) and is remembered as one of the most important contributors to geology in the first half of the nineteenth century. His scientific interest was devoted to a broad spectrum of geological topics: volcanism, petrology, fossils, stratigraphy and mountain formation. His most remembered accomplishment is the scientific definition of the Jurassic system.
Arbroath Herald
The Arbroath Herald Guide and Gazette, usually referred to simply as The Arbroath Herald, was a local weekly newspaper covering events in and around Arbroath, Angus, Scotland. It was founded in 1838 and merged with five other newspapers in 2021 to form Angus County Press.

Angus, Scotland
Angus (Scots: Angus; Scottish Gaelic: Aonghas) is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. The council area borders Aberdeenshire, Dundee City and Perth and Kinross. Main industries include agriculture and fishing. Global pharmaceuticals company GSK has a significant presence in Montrose in the east of the county.

Angus was historically a province, and later a sheriffdom and county (called Forfarshire or the County of Forfar until 1928), bordering Kincardineshire to the north-east, Aberdeenshire to the north and Perthshire to the west; southwards it faced Fife across the Firth of Tay. The county included Dundee until 1894, when it was made a county of a city. The pre-1894 boundaries of Angus continue to be used as a registration county. Between 1975 and 1996 Angus was a lower-tier district within the Tayside region. The district took on its modern form and powers in 1996, since when the local authority has been Angus Council.
22nd (Service) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers (Kensington)
The 22nd (Service) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers (Kensington) was a 'Pals battalion' raised in London for 'Kitchener's Army' in World War I. Half of the volunteers came from the Royal Borough of Kensington, the other half were 'Colonials' from around the British Empire. This unusual battalion served on the Western Front from November 1915 until its disbandment in February 1918, seeing action at the Somme, the Ancre, Arras and Cambrai.

Kitchener's Army
The New Army, often referred to as Kitchener's Army or, disparagingly, as Kitchener's Mob,
was an (initially) all-volunteer portion of the British Army formed in the United Kingdom from 1914 onwards following the outbreak of hostilities in the First World War in late July 1914. It originated on the recommendation of Herbert Kitchener, then the Secretary of State for War to obtain 500,000 volunteers for the Army. Kitchener's original intention was that these men would be formed into units that would be ready to be put into action in mid-1916, but circumstances dictated the use of these troops before then. The first use in a major action of Kitchener's Army units came at the Battle of Loos (September–October 1915).
Varnavinsky Uyezd
Varnavinsky Uyezd (Варнавинский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Kostroma Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Varnavino.

Varnavino, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Varnavino (Russian: Варна́вино) is an urban locality (a work settlement) and the administrative center of Varnavinsky District in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the Vetluga River. Population:  3,475 (2010 Census); 3,718 (2002 Census); 3,909 (1989 Soviet census).