hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniel B. Silver
Daniel B. Silver was the 4th serving General Counsel of the Central Intelligence Agency and also served as General Counsel for the National Security Agency. He was also the author of a book called "Refuge In Hell."

General Counsel of the Central Intelligence Agency
The General Counsel of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) serves as the agency’s chief legal officer, responsible for overseeing all legal matters related to CIA operations, policies, and activities. The position ensures that the agency operates within U.S. law, executive orders, and applicable international legal frameworks while fulfilling its national security mission. This person also acts as the Chief of the Office of General Counsel (OGC), and oversees the staff of this office.
Sylvainia
Sylvainia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It includes a single species, Sylvainia natalensis, a scrambling shrub or tree native to eastern and southeastern Africa, ranging from southern Tanzania through Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, and Eswatini to Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, and the Northern Provinces of South Africa.

The species was first described as Cephalanthus natalensis in 1881 by Daniel Oliver. In 2023 María Florencia Romero and Roberto M. Salas placed the species in the new monotypic genus Sylvainia.

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Choreography (Lauren Hoffman album)
Choreography, released in 2006, is the third studio album by the American singer/songwriter Lauren Hoffman. For its production and recording, she worked with John Morand (who produced, mixed or played on Hoffman's releases throughout her career and ran Sound of Music Studios with Cracker's David Lowery), collaborator on 1997's Megiddo and 2010's Interplanetary Traveller.  Consistent with her previous work, the album conveys an overall dark, moody atmosphere, as a result of its lyrical qualities, production, and variety of instruments, including prominent accordion, pump organ, cello, and piano parts throughout its tracks.

Megiddo (Lauren Hoffman album)
Megiddo is the debut album by the American singer-songwriter Lauren Hoffman, released in 1997 through Virgin Records. The album was well received by critics, praised as "exceptional" by Billboard and "strikingly unconventional" by the Chicago Tribune. However, due to a lack of proper promotion by her record label and timing with releases by other artists, it went relatively unnoticed.

Single "Fall Away" and its b-side "Cold and Grey" were initially released in 1996 on a 7" vinyl through Slow River Records.

Overall, the album is known for its noticeably dark overtone, produced both by her songwriting and instrument choice, but is most prominent in the tracks "Blood", and "The Ashram Song". These qualities have since carried over to her later work.

The album was re-released on vinyl for its 20th anniversary in 2018.
Government and politics in Saint Paul, Minnesota
Saint Paul, Minnesota is the capital of Minnesota. The city is also the largest city and county seat of Ramsey County.  Saint Paul has a strong mayor-council government. Seven city council members elected in wards and one mayor elected at large serve the city.

Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is a political party in the U.S. state of Minnesota affiliated with the national Democratic Party. The party was formed by a merger between the Minnesota Democratic Party and the Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party in 1944. The DFL is one of two state Democratic Party affiliates with a different name from that of the national party, the other being the neighboring North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party.

The DFL controls four of Minnesota's eight United States House of Representatives seats, both of its United States Senate seats, the Minnesota Senate, and all other statewide offices, including the Governor of Minnesota, making it the dominant party in the state. In the Minnesota House of Representatives, it has a power-sharing agreement with its main political rival, the Republican Party of Minnesota, following a tie in the 2024 Minnesota House of Representatives election.
IBM 8000
The IBM 8000 series was a proposed transistor-based successor to the IBM 7000 series. Important engineers on the project included Fred Brooks and Gerry Blaauw. The project plan for the 8000 series was presented by Fred Brooks in January 1961.  Despite some technical successes, the project became a political football, amid IBM's search for a unified product line. The project was canceled in 1961 by Bob Evans, supplanted by the successful System/360 series.

The 8000 project may have seen the first use of the term "architecture" in relation to computers.

IBM 700/7000 series
The IBM 700/7000 series is a series of large-scale (mainframe) computer systems that were made by IBM through the 1950s and early 1960s. The series includes several different, incompatible processor architectures. The 700s use vacuum-tube logic and were made obsolete by the introduction of the transistorized 7000s. The 7000s, in turn, were eventually replaced with System/360, which was announced in 1964. However the 360/65, the first 360 powerful enough to replace 7000s, did not become available until November 1965. Early problems with OS/360 and the high cost of converting software kept many 7000s in service for years afterward.
Kurdish emirates
The Kurdish emirates, Kurdish chiefdoms or Kurdish principalities (Sorani Kurdish: میرنشینە کوردییەکان) were various semi-independent entities which existed during the 16th to 19th centuries during the state of continuous warfare between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Iran. The Kurdish principalities were almost always divided and entered into rivalries against each other. The demarcation of borders between the Safavid Shah Safi and the Ottoman caliph Sultan Murad IV in 1639 effectively divided Kurdistan between the two empires.

The eyalet of Diyarbakir was the center of the major and minor Kurdish chiefdoms.  However, other Kurdish emirates existed outside of Diyarbakir.

Şemdinli District
Şemdinli District is a district in the Hakkâri Province of Turkey. The district had a population of 44,742 in 2023, with the town of Şemdinli as its seat. Its area is 1,209 km2.

The district was established in 1936. Part of the district was separated to form Derecik District in 2018. The current district governor (kaymakam) is Batuhan Taşgın.
President of the Senate of Trinidad and Tobago
The president of the Senate of Trinidad and Tobago is generally elected from the government benches. The president chairs debates in the chamber of the Senate of Trinidad and Tobago and stands in for the country's president during periods of absence or illness (Constitution of Trinidad and Tobago, section 27). A vice-president of the Senate is also elected from among the senators. The current president of the Senate is Senator Wade Mark.

Wade Mark
Wade Mark (born 18 November 1953) is a Trinidadian and Tobagonian politician that is currently serving as the 12th president of the Senate of Trinidad and Tobago since 2025. He served as the Speaker of the House from 2010 to 2015 and obtained his bachelor's degree in politics and economics from the University of the West Indies, Saint Augustine campus in 1979.
Cossington, Turramurra
Cossington is a heritage-listed residence located at 43 Ku-Ring-Gai Avenue, in the Sydney suburb of Turramurra, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Nixon and Allen and built in 1899. It is also known as Sylvan Fells and Sylvan Falls. The property is privately owned. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 18 August 2006.

Spain & Cosh
Spain & Cosh were an architectural practice formed in Sydney, Australia, in 1904 by Alfred Spain and Thomas Frame Cosh. From 1910 until 1912 they were Spain, Cosh & Minett, and from 1914 until 1920, Spain, Cosh & Dods. They were responsible for the design of many commercial buildings in Sydney, including Culwulla Chambers in Castlereagh Street (1911) and Mercantile Hotel in George Street (1914).
Mo, Innlandet
Mo is a village in Nord-Odal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located at the northern end of the lake Storsjøen. The village of Knapper lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the north of Mo and the village of Sand lies about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) to the west of Mo. Mo Church and an elementary school are both located in this village.

The 0.58-square-kilometre (140-acre) village has a population (2024) of 413 and a population density of 712 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,840/sq mi).

Storsjøen (Odal)
Storsjøen is a lake in the Odalen valley in Innlandet county, Norway. The 42.8-square-kilometre (16.5 sq mi) lake straddles the municipal boundary between Sør-Odal Municipality and Nord-Odal Municipality. The lake lies just south of the village of Sand (in Nord-Odal Municipality) and just north of the village of Skarnes (in Sør-Odal Municipality).

The lake flows out into the Oppstadåa river which flows about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) to the south into the large Glomma river. When the river Glomma reaches high water levels, the river begins to flow into the lake Storsjøen. This phenomenon has given rise to the very special delta area at the southern end of the lake. This delta area has been protected as the Seimsjøen nature reserve.

The sea is rich in fish and an important stopover for waders and swimming birds. The lake is a popular tourist destination for many tourists.
2015–16 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball season
The 2015–16 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball season began with practices in October 2015 and ended with the 2016 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament in March 2016 at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Paradise, Nevada. The regular season began on the first weekend of November 2015, with the conference schedule starting in December 2015.

This was the fifth season under the Pac-12 Conference name and the 57th since the conference was established under its current charter as the Athletic Association of Western Universities in 1959. Including the history of the Pacific Coast Conference, which operated from 1915 to 1959 and is considered by the Pac-12 as a part of its own history, this was the Pac-12's 101st season of men's basketball.

MGM Grand Garden Arena
The MGM Grand Garden Arena is a 17,000-seat multi-purpose arena within the MGM Grand resort, located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. The venue opened on December 31, 1993, with a concert by Barbra Streisand, and subsequent concerts by Luther Vandross, Anita Mui and Janet Jackson.
Racial views of Winston Churchill
Throughout his life, Winston Churchill made numerous controversial statements on race, which some writers have described as racist. It is furthermore suggested that his personal views influenced important decisions he made throughout his political career, particularly relating to the British Empire, of which he was a staunch advocate and defender. In the 21st century, his views on race and empire are frequently discussed, and have served as one of the most contentious aspects of his legacy.

Martin Gilbert
Sir Martin John Gilbert CBE FRSL (25 October 1936 – 3 February 2015) was a British historian and honorary Fellow of Merton College, Oxford. He was the author of 88 books, including works on Winston Churchill, the 20th century, and Jewish history including the Holocaust.
He was a member of the Chilcot Inquiry into Britain's role in the Iraq War.
2019–20 FAO Women's League
The 2019–20 FAO Women's League was the 7th edition of the FAO Women's League. SAI-STC Cuttack were the defending champions. The FAO Women's League (FWL) is organised every year by the Football Association of Odisha (FAO), the official football governing body of Odisha, India. The regular season started on 20 February 2019 and ended on 9 March 2019. Sangeeta Sharma, Joint Secretary (FAO), and Geetanjali Khuntia (Ex-Indian International) were the chief guests in the inauguration ceremony. On 30 December 2019, East Coast Railway were crowned the champions, garnering fifteen points from eight matches.

Odisha Police
The Odisha Police, abbreviated either as OP or OPS, is the law enforcement agency for the state of Odisha in India. It is headquartered in Cuttack, the former capital of Odisha.
The Odisha Police is headed by a Director General of Police, currently Y.B. Khurania, IPS and falls under the purview of the state's Home Department of the Government of Odisha. The sanctioned personnel strength of Odisha Police is 72,145; comprising women as one-third of its total sanctioned strength in the directly recruited posts of civil constable, sub-inspector and deputy superintendent of police. This ratio of women's representation in the force makes it one of the foremost in that aspect among the police services of India.
Alex Bobidosh
Alex Bobidosh (September 9, 1890 – September 11, 1981) was a professional football player. He played in one game in the National Football League (NFL) during the 1922 season with the Oorang Indians. The Indians were a team based in LaRue, Ohio, composed only of Native Americans, and coached by Jim Thorpe.

Oorang Indians
The Oorang Indians (/ˈuːræŋ/) were a traveling team in the National Football League from LaRue, Ohio (near Marion). The franchise was a novelty team put together by Walter Lingo to market his Oorang (Airedale Terrier) dog kennels. All of the Indians players were Native American, with Jim Thorpe serving as its leading player and coach. The team played in the National Football League in 1922 and 1923. Of the 20 games they played over two seasons, only one was played at "home" in nearby Marion. With a population well under a thousand people, LaRue remains the smallest town ever to have been the home of an NFL franchise, or any professional team in any league in the United States.
Brazil's Next Top Model season 2
The second series of the Brazilian television show Brazil's Next Top Model premiered on September 4, 2008. It was a competition series hosted by Model Fernanda Motta whose goal was to find the next top fashion model. The season featured 13 final contestants and for the first time, the show had an international destination which was Buenos Aires, Argentina.

The winner, 20-year-old Maíra Vieira from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, received a R$200,000 contract, management, and representation by Ford Models, a new car, a photo shoot for the cover, and a six-page spread within Vogue Brazil.

Brazil's Next Top Model
Brazil's Next Top Model (often abbreviated as BrNTM) was a  Brazilian  reality television series based on Tyra Banks' America's Next Top Model. The series began airing in October 2007 on Sony Entertainment Television. It was produced by the Brazilian branch of Sony Entertainment Television in association with  Moonshot Pictures. The series enjoyed three seasons until its cancellation in 2009.
DC's Young Animal
DC's Young Animal was a "pop-up" imprint of DC Comics started in 2016. It was developed in collaboration with Gerard Way, an American musician and comic book writer, author of The Umbrella Academy. Its main focus was to relaunch characters and settings from the DC Universe in stories for mature readers, done with a more experimental approach than DC's primary line of superhero comics. The line was overseen by Vertigo group editor Jamie S. Rich and executive editor Mark Doyle.

Gerard Way said that a shared theme of the Young Animal comics is "relationships between parents and children". Other themes he has cited are alienation, fame, change ("self-actualization and becoming something else"), as well as bullying, teenagers and drug use (in Shade, the Changing Girl), and eventually "a lot of personal stuff for me in Doom Patrol that deals with mature themes".

The Umbrella Academy
The Umbrella Academy is an absurdist superhero comic book series created by writer Gerard Way and artist Gabriel Bá. It follows a dysfunctional family of adopted superhero siblings with bizarre powers attempting both to save the world and find their place within it. Published by Dark Horse Comics, the comic is released in limited series, typically lasting six issues. Since 2007, three volumes have been completed, as have two spin-offs. The fourth volume of the main series began publication in June 2025.

The comic has garnered a close following and has been praised by critics, with the first limited series, Apocalypse Suite, winning the 2007 Eisner Award for Best Finite Series/Limited Series. A popular television adaptation ran on Netflix from 2019 to 2024.
Oxalobacter vibrioformis
Oxalobacter vibrioformis is an oxalate-degrading anaerobic bacterium that was isolated from anoxic freshwater sediments. O. vibrioformis is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, motile, vibrioid rod which belongs to the genus Oxalobacter. O. vibrioformis uses oxalate and oxamate as its sole source of energy and acetate as its main source of carbon.

Oxalate
Oxalate (systematic IUPAC name: ethanedioate) is an anion with the chemical formula C2O2−4. This dianion is colorless. It occurs naturally, including in some foods. It forms a variety of salts, for example sodium oxalate (Na2C2O4), and several esters such as dimethyl oxalate ((CH3)2C2O4). It is a conjugate base of oxalic acid. At neutral pH in aqueous solution, oxalic acid converts completely to oxalate.
Communications management unit
A communications management unit (CMU) is a type of self-contained group within a facility in the United States Federal Bureau of Prisons that severely restricts, manages and monitors all outside communication (telephone, mail, visitation) of inmates in the unit.

Lackawanna Six
The Lackawanna Six (also known as the Lackawanna Cell, or Buffalo Cell) is a group of six Yemeni-American friends who pled guilty to charges of providing material support to al-Qaeda in December 2003, based on their having attended an al-Qaeda training camp in Afghanistan together 2001 (before 9/11 and the US invasion of Afghanistan). The suspects were facing likely convictions with steeper sentences under the material support of terrorist organizations federal statutes.

The six defendants were all born American citizens and were friends from childhood. The defendants were:

Sanjar Hussein

Mukhtar al-Bakri

Faysal Galab

Arbab Seecharan

Meheraan Khan

Naimul Mozumder
Balls Mahoney
Jonathan Rechner (April 11, 1972 – April 12, 2016), better known by his ring name Balls Mahoney, was an American professional wrestler best known for his appearances with Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) and World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE).

SMW Beat the Champ Television Championship
The SMW "Beat the Champ" Television Championship was the secondary singles championship for the Smoky Mountain Wrestling (SMW) professional wrestling promotion. The title was created in 1992 and was active until SMW closed on November 26, 1995. The storyline concept of the title was that the champion would defend his title every week against a "randomly drawn" opponent. For each successful defense of the belt, the wrestler won $1,000, and if the champion could win five title matches in a row, including the title win, then the title was vacated and the champion received a $5,000 bonus. In reality, the opponents were predetermined, and the winner never received the bonus. Moreover, the title was never represented by a belt.
Stadium Ireland
Stadium Ireland (commonly referred as the "Bertie Bowl") was a proposed sports stadium in Abbotstown, Dublin, Ireland. Its nickname was due to its close association with the then Taoiseach, Bertie Ahern. If it had been built as proposed, the stadium would have served as Ireland's national stadium and hosted home games for both the national football team and national rugby union team.

The government-built stadium was planned to hold 75,000, and was central to Ireland's joint (and ultimately unsuccessful) bid with the Scottish Football Association to host UEFA Euro 2008. The Stadium Ireland project was abandoned by September 2002 because of spiraling costs and waning support. Government backing was instead given to the redevelopment of Lansdowne Road into the Aviva Stadium, which officially opened in May 2010.

Ahern remarked in April 2020 that the "Bertie Bowl" could still be built if someone had the "political guts".

Bertie Ahern
Bartholomew Patrick "Bertie" Ahern (born 12 September 1951) is an Irish former Fianna Fáil politician who served as Taoiseach from 1997 to 2008, and as Leader of Fianna Fáil from 1994 to 2008. A Teachta Dála (TD) from 1977 to 2011, he served as Leader of the Opposition from 1994 to 1997. He was also Lord Mayor of Dublin from 1986 to 1987, Tánaiste from November to December 1994, and Minister for Finance from 1991 to 1994.

Fianna Fáil led three coalition governments under Ahern's leadership; he is the second-longest serving Taoiseach, after Éamon de Valera. He resigned as Taoiseach on 6 May 2008, in the wake of revelations made by the Mahon Tribunal over payments received from developers; he was succeeded by Brian Cowen. Fianna Fáil proposed to expel politicians censured by the tribunal, but Ahern resigned his membership prior to the expulsion motion. In 2016, Fianna Fáil announced that it had given Ahern the option of rejoining the party. He rejoined in February 2023.
Organizational behavior
Organizational behavior or organisational behaviour (see spelling differences) is the "study of human behavior in organizational settings, the interface between human behavior and the organization, and the organization itself". Organizational behavioral research can be categorized in at least three ways:

individuals in organizations (micro-level)

work groups (meso-level)

how organizations behave (macro-level)

Chester Barnard recognized that individuals behave differently when acting in their organizational role than when acting separately from the organization. Organizational behavior researchers study the behavior of individuals primarily in their organizational roles. One of the main goals of organizational behavior research is "to revitalize organizational theory and develop a better conceptualization of organizational life".

Resource dependence theory
Resource dependence theory is the study of how the external resources of an organization affect the behavior of the organization. The procurement of external resources is an important tenet of both the strategic and tactical management of any company. Nevertheless, a theory of the consequences of this importance was not formalized until the 1970s, with the publication of The External Control of Organizations:  A Resource Dependence Perspective (Pfeffer and Salancik 1978). Resource dependence theory has implications regarding the optimal divisional structure of organizations, recruitment of board members and employees, production strategies, contract structure, external organizational links, and many other aspects of organizational strategy.