hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gothic verbs
Gothic verbs have the most complex conjugation of any attested Germanic language. Most categories reconstructed for the  Proto-Germanic verb system are preserved in Gothic. Knowledge of the Proto-Germanic verb is itself to a large degree based on Gothic, meaning that its reconstruction may be fragmentary.

In conjugations, note that stem-final -b- /β/ and -d- /ð/ change spelling and pronunciation to become -f /ɸ/ and -þ /θ/ respectively at the end of a word. Stem final -g- /ɣ/ also presumably became /x/, but the spelling does not change. Similarly, verb stems ending in -ái-, -áu-, -ē-, -iu-, and -ō- become -aj-, -aw, -ai-, -iw, and -au- respectively, before vowels. Expected *áij, *áuw, and *iuw are always simplified into ái, áu, and iu (respectively).

Proto-Indo-European verbs
Proto-Indo-European verbs reflect a complex system of morphology, more complicated than the substantive, with verbs categorized according to their aspect, using multiple grammatical moods and voices, and being conjugated according to person, number and tense. In addition to finite forms thus formed, non-finite forms such as participles are also extensively used.

The verbal system is clearly represented in Ancient Greek and Vedic Sanskrit, which closely correspond in nearly all aspects of their verbal systems, and are two of the most well-understood of the early daughter languages of Proto-Indo-European.
Saeed Azarbayjani
Saeed Azarbayjani (Persian: سعید آذربایجانی; born January 17, 1975, in Iran) is an Iranian-Canadian male freestyle wrestler representing Canada. He participated in Men's freestyle 60 kg at 2008 Summer Olympics. In the 1/8 of final he beat Armenian Martin Berberyan, but lost in the quarterfinal to Morad Mohammadi from Iran.

Morad Mohammadi
Seyed Morad Mohammadi Pahnehkolaei (Persian: سید مراد محمدی پهنه کلایی; born April 9, 1980, in Sari, Mazandaran) is an Iranian wrestler and an Olympic bronze medalist who competed in the 2006 Asian Games in the 60 kg division and won the gold medal.
A Young Doctor's Notebook (TV series)
A Young Doctor's Notebook is a British dark comedy television programme based on the semi-autobiographical short stories of the same name by Mikhail Bulgakov. The 1925–1926 short stories were inspired by Bulgakov's experiences as a newly graduated young doctor in 1916–18. Jon Hamm and Daniel Radcliffe portray the show's main character (a doctor at the fictional Muryevo Hospital in Russia at different ages). The first series was broadcast between 6 December and 27 December 2012 on Sky Arts 1, and a second (and final) series aired from 21 November to 12 December 2013. The first series takes place in the year 1917 during the Russian Revolution, and the second series takes place in the following year during the Russian Civil War.

Chain smoking
Chain smoking is the practice of smoking several cigarettes in succession, sometimes using the ember of a finishing cigarette to light the next. The term chain smoker often also refers to a person who smokes relatively constantly, though not necessarily chaining each cigarette. The term applies primarily to cigarettes, although it can be used to describe incessant cigar and pipe smoking as well as vaping and the smoking of other substances such as cannabis. It is a common indicator of addiction.
Rick Bullock
Rick Bullock (born August 9, 1954) is an American former professional basketball player, who played collegiate basketball for the Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball team and was selected 57th  by the New York Knicks in the 1976 NBA draft.

University Interscholastic League
The University Interscholastic League (UIL) is an organization that creates rules for and administers almost all athletic, musical, and academic contests for public primary and secondary schools in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the largest organization of its type in the world.

Activities range from American football and cross-examination debate to mathematics and marching band competitions; however, the UIL does not administer Academic Decathlon competitions.

The UIL is under the governance of the Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Although the Texas Education Agency governs the activities of schools and school districts in Texas, the UIL does not report to TEA, but is instead a separate entity.
Live at Montreux 2013
Live at Montreux 2013 is a live album of a concert performed by ZZ Top on July 10, 2013 at the Montreux Jazz Festival, Switzerland, released in July 2014 on DVD and Blu-ray by Eagle Vision.

The set list blends tracks from early seventies albums such as Tres Hombres and Fandango through their eighties period with Eliminator and Afterburner, and up to their most recent release and return to their blues roots with La Futura. The middle section of the concert features a jazz-blues tribute to the late Montreux Jazz Festival founder Claude Nobs, with guest appearances by Mike Flanigin on Hammond Organ and Van Wilks on guitar.

Classic Rock rated it three and a half stars.

Waitin' for the Bus / Jesus Just Left Chicago
"Waitin' for the Bus" and "Jesus Just Left Chicago" are two songs by American rock band ZZ Top from their 1973 album Tres Hombres. The two songs open the album, segued into each other, and for years radio stations played the two tracks together. "Waitin' for the Bus" was written solely by Billy Gibbons and Dusty Hill, while "Jesus Just Left Chicago" was also co-written by drummer Frank Beard.
Gottfried von Einem
Gottfried von Einem (24 January 1918 – 12 July 1996) was an Austrian composer. He is known chiefly for his operas influenced by the music of Stravinsky and Prokofiev, as well as by jazz. He also composed pieces for piano, violin and organ.

Academy of Arts, Berlin
The Academy of Arts (German: Akademie der Künste) is a state arts institution in Berlin, Germany. The task of the Academy is to promote art, as well as to advise and support the states of Germany.

The academy's predecessor organization was founded in 1696 by Elector Frederick III of Brandenburg as the Brandenburg Academy of Arts, an academic institution in which members could meet and discuss and share ideas. The current Academy was founded on 1 October 1993 as the re-unification of formerly separate East and West Berlin academies.
Nathan Raw
Lieutenant-Colonel Nathan Raw CMG MP FRSE (2 August 1866 – 28 August 1940) was a British Conservative Party politician and physician well known for his work on tuberculosis and also in the field of medical psychology.

Raw was president of the Medico-Psychological Association and president of the Tuberculosis Society of Great Britain.

In 1915, he coined the term trench nephritis.

Royal College of Psychiatrists
The Royal College of Psychiatrists is the main professional organisation of psychiatrists in the United Kingdom, and is responsible for representing psychiatrists, for psychiatric research and for providing public information about mental health problems. The college provides advice to those responsible for training and certifying psychiatrists in the UK.

In addition to publishing many books and producing several journals, the college produces, for the public, information about mental health problems. Its offices are located at 21 Prescot Street in London, near Aldgate. The college's previous address (until 2013) was Belgrave Square.
NewsPlus
NewsPlus is a news aggregator company based in Singapore and Hyderabad. It aggregates content from news sites, social media and blogs. The service can be accessed via web browser, or via mobile apps for iOS, Android.

News aggregator
In computing, a news aggregator, also termed a feed aggregator, content aggregator, feed reader, news reader, or simply an aggregator, is client software or a web application that aggregates digital content such as online newspapers, blogs, podcasts, and video blogs (vlogs) in one location for easy viewing. The updates distributed may include journal tables of contents, podcasts, videos, and news items.

Contemporary news aggregators include Akregator, Feedly, Inoreader, and Mozilla Thunderbird.
Jan Zamoyski (died 1619)
Jan Zamoyski (died 1619) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic).

Jan became a Royal Rotmistrz and Deputy Guard of Kresy in 1588, Guard of the Crown in 1600 and castellan of Chełm in 1604.

He was married to Anna Wiśniowiecka and had six children: Jerzy Zamoyski, Maurycy Zamoyski, Zdzisław Jan Zamoyski, Aleksander Zamoyski, Jan Zamoyski  and Helena Zamoyska.

Zdzisław Jan Zamoyski
Zdzisław Jan Zamoyski (c. 1591–1670) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic). He became Podstoli of Lwów in 1646 and castellan of Czerniechów in 1656.

He married Anna Zofia Lanckorońska and had five children: Marianna Zamoyska, Mikołaj Zamoyski, Eufrozyna Zamoyska, Marcin Zamoyski and Jan Kazimierz Zamoyski.
Lora Hristova
Lora Hristova (Bulgarian: Лора Христова) (born 23 April 2003) is a Bulgarian biathlete. She won a bronze medal in the women's individual race at the 2026 Winter Olympics. This was Bulgaria's third Olympic Biathlon medal after Ekaterina Dafovska's gold in 1998 and Irina Nikulchina's bronze in 2002. Hristova received support from the Olympic Solidarity programme.

Prior to the 2026 Olympics, she was coached by Wolfgang Pichler.

International Biathlon Union
The International Biathlon Union (IBU; German: Internationale Biathlon-Union) is the IOC (International Olympic Committee) authorized  international governing body of biathlon. Its headquarters were in Salzburg, Austria, until May 2020, when the Federation moved to Anif, on the outskirts of the city. It was rocked by a corruption scandal that broke in 2018, concerning the Russians bribing its top two officials. In 2022 Russia and Belarus were suspended from all international biathlon competitions until further notice.
LNWR 17in Coal Engine
The LNWR 17in Coal Engine was a class of 0-6-0 steam tender engines designed by Francis Webb for the London and North Western Railway. They were simple locomotives and in UK service they were very reliable. "17in" refers to their cylinder diameter in inches. They were called "Coal Engines" because they were used for hauling coal trains.

0-6-0
0-6-0 is the Whyte notation designation for steam locomotives with a wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and no trailing wheels. Historically, this was the most common wheel arrangement used on both tender and tank locomotives in versions with both inside and outside cylinders.

In the United Kingdom, the Whyte notation of wheel arrangement was also often used for the classification of electric and diesel-electric locomotives with side-rod coupled driving wheels. Under the UIC classification, popular in Europe, this wheel arrangement is written as C if the wheels are coupled with rods or gears, or Co if they are independently driven, the latter usually being electric and diesel-electric locomotives.
Kaldfjord
Kaldfjord (Norwegian) or Gállafierda (Northern Sami) is a village in Tromsø Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located at the southeastern end of the Kaldfjorden on the island of Kvaløya about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) west of the city of Tromsø.  There are several villages located around Kaldfjord including Kjosen, Ersfjordbotn, and Kvaløysletta.  Kaldfjord is considered part of the Kvaløysletta urban area.

Kvaløya (Tromsø)
Kvaløya (Norwegian; lit. 'Whale Island') or Sállir (Northern Sami) is an island in Tromsø Municipality in Troms county, Norway. At 737 square kilometres (285 sq mi), it is the fifth largest island in mainland Norway. It is connected to the neighboring island of Tromsøya to the east by the Sandnessund Bridge, to the island of Ringvassøya to the north by the sub-sea Kvalsund Tunnel, to the small island of Sommarøya to the west by the Sommarøy Bridge, and to the mainland to the south by the Rya Tunnel. The island of Sommarøy, on the southwest coast, is a popular recreation area with magnificent coastal scenery.
Pylaemenes (insect)
Pylaemenes is a genus of stick insects in the family Heteropterygidae and subfamily Dataminae. It combines small to medium-sized, often brightly colored Phasmatodea species. Their representatives are found in large parts of Southeast Asia.

Frank H. Hennemann
Frank H. Hennemann (born 1 July 1978 in Ludwigshafen) is a German entomologist and taxonomist who works in the field of biodiversity research on the systematics and biogeography of stick insects (Phasmatodea).
Godemir, Ban of Croatia
Godemir or Godimir (fl. 970 – 1000/1030) was Ban of Croatia during 10th century Croatia. He is said to have served the king Stephen Držislav in a charter from 1068. According to the much debated Chronicle of Archdeacon Goricensis John, he was established to his position by a certain King Krešimir (though it is unclear whether the chronicler mixes two different rulers). He is also referred to in a charter as potens banus, meaning "powerful ban".

Additionally, he is mentioned in another charter, dated 1028, which is a grant to the monastery of St. Krševan by his sister Helenica.

Ban of Croatia
Ban of Croatia (Croatian: Hrvatski ban) was the title of local rulers or office holders and after 1102, viceroys of Croatia. From the earliest periods of the Croatian state, some provinces were ruled by bans as a ruler's representative (viceroy) and supreme military commander. In the 18th century, Croatian bans eventually became the chief government officials in Croatia.

They were at the head of the Ban's Government, effectively the first prime ministers of Croatia. The institution of ban persisted until the first half of the 20th century, when it was officially superseded in function by that of a parliamentary prime minister.
Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi Railroad
The Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi Railroad (reporting mark ALM) is a 117-mile (188 km) short-line railroad in northern Louisiana and southern Arkansas. Opened in 1908, it has undergone several corporate reorganizations, but has remained independent of larger carriers. In 2004, paper producer Georgia-Pacific sold the company to shortline operator Genesee & Wyoming Inc. Traffic generally consists of lumber, paper, forest products, and chemicals.

The AL&M runs north from Monroe, Louisiana, on the Canadian Pacific Kansas City's Meridian Speedway, through Bastrop to Crossett, Arkansas, generally paralleling U.S. Routes 165 and 425. At Crossett, the AL&M interchanges with the affiliated Fordyce and Princeton Railroad, which hauls its cars to the Union Pacific Railroad at Fordyce. A branch from Rolfe Junction to Hamburg, Arkansas, was abandoned in 1920, with the grade reused for a county road; in 2006 the AL&M leased a segment of line in Bastrop from the Union Pacific Railroad.

Meridian Speedway
The Meridian Speedway is a 320-mile (510 km) span of railroad track between Shreveport, Louisiana and Meridian, Mississippi. An important rail link between the Southeastern and Southwestern United States, it is operated as a joint venture of Canadian Pacific Kansas City (CPKC), which owns 70% of the partnership; and Alabama Great Southern Railroad, a subsidiary of Norfolk Southern Railway (NS).
Tatjana Medved
Tatjana Medved (née Popov; born 13 March 1974) is a Serbian former handball player. She was captain of the Serbian national team. She has been a member of the National Assembly of Serbia since 2022, as a member of the Together We Can Do Everything parliamentary group.

BM Sagunto
Club Balonmano Sagunto was a Spanish women's handball club from Sagunto founded in 1978 which in July, 2012 moved to Valencia and joint CE Handbol Marítim to play in División de Honor as Valencia Aicequip.
Retroreflective sheeting
Retroreflective sheeting is flexible retroreflective material primarily used to increase the nighttime conspicuity of traffic signs, high-visibility clothing, and other items so they are safely and effectively visible in the light of an approaching driver's headlamps. They are also used as a material to increase the scanning range of barcodes in factory settings. The sheeting consists of retroreflective glass beads, microprisms, or encapsulated lenses sealed onto a fabric or plastic substrate. Many different colors and degrees of reflection intensity are provided by numerous manufacturers for various applications. As with any retroreflector, sheeting glows brightly when there is a small angle between the observer's eye and the light source directed toward the sheeting but appears nonreflective when viewed from other directions.

Traffic sign
Traffic signs or road signs are signs erected at the side of or above roads to give instructions or provide information to road users. The earliest signs were simple wooden or stone milestones. Later, signs with directional arms were introduced, for example the fingerposts in the United Kingdom and their wooden counterparts in Saxony.

With traffic volumes increasing since the 1930s, many countries have adopted pictorial signs or otherwise simplified and standardized their signs to overcome language barriers, and enhance traffic safety. Such pictorial signs use symbols (often silhouettes) in place of words and are usually based on international protocols. Such signs were first developed in Europe, and have been adopted by most countries to varying degrees.
KDUC
KDUC (94.3 FM) is a commercial radio station that is licensed to Barstow, California and serves the Barstow and Victor Valley areas, as well as along Interstate 15 to Baker, California. The station is simulcast on KDUQ (102.5 FM), which is licensed to Ludlow, California and broadcasts along Interstate 40 east of Barstow. Both stations are owned by California Communications of Barstow, LLC and broadcast a contemporary hit radio music format branded as "The Duck".

Victor Valley
34°30′N 117°18′W﻿ / ﻿34.5°N 117.3°W﻿ / 34.5; -117.3

The Victor Valley is a valley in the Mojave Desert and subregion of the Inland Empire, in San Bernardino County in Southern California.

It is located east of the Mojave's Antelope Valley, north of the Cajon Pass and the San Bernardino Valley, northeast of the San Gabriel Mountains, and northwest of the San Bernardino Mountains, and south of the Barstow area. The Mojave River flows northwards through the Victor Valley, primarily via underground aquifers.

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Social Credit Party of Ontario
The Social Credit Party of Ontario (SCPO) (also known as the Ontario Social Credit League,  Social Credit Association of Ontario and the Union of Electors) was a minor political party at the provincial level in the Canadian province of Ontario from the 1940s to the early 1970s. The party never won any seats in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. It was affiliated with the Social Credit Party of Canada and espoused social credit theories of monetary reform.

1945 Ontario general election
The 1945 Ontario general election was held on June 4, 1945, to elect the 90 members of the 22nd Legislative Assembly of Ontario (Members of Provincial Parliament, or "MPPs") of the province of Ontario.
Aastrup, Falster
Aastrup is a little village in eastern Falster, Denmark, located 6 km (3.7 mi) southwest of Stubbekøbing. Aastrup Church, built in the Romanesque style, has frescos from the 13th and 15th century.

The first documented reference to the village dates from 1419 when it was called Østrup.

From 1908 to 1965, the Stubbekøbing–Nykøbing railway (Stubbekøbingbanen) went through Aastrup, 4.2 km from Stubbekøbing, where there was a station with a ticket office and a siding.

Falster
Falster (Danish: [ˈfælˀstɐ]) is an island in south-eastern Denmark with an area of 486.2 km2 (187.7 sq mi) and 43,398 inhabitants as of 1 January 2010. Located in the Kattegat, Belts and Sound area, it is part of Region Zealand and is administered by Guldborgsund Municipality. Falster includes Denmark's southernmost point, Gedser Odde, near Gedser.

The largest town is Nykøbing Falster with over 40% of the island's inhabitants. Other towns include Stubbekøbing, Nørre Alslev and Gedser.

Falster has motor and railway links both to the larger island of Zealand to the north and to the island of Lolland to the south-west. These links also lead to the smaller islands of Masnedø and Farø. European route E47 links Copenhagen to Hamburg (Germany) via Falster.
Cleo (name)
Cleo is a given name, derived from the name Clio in Greek mythology.

As a spelling variant of Clio, the name is etymologically derived from the Greek root κλέω/κλείω, Latinised as kleos (meaning "to recount", "to make famous", "to celebrate", "glory", "to praise" or "to acclaim"). Clio was the muse of history, who was responsible for providing inspiration to historians and poets. The name has been embraced by many cultures where Greek influence was felt, including Cleopatra, the powerful queen of ancient Egypt, whose name was derived from Cleo. In Western societies in more recent times, Cleo has evolved as a variant or short form of Cleopatra and used as a given name.

It was commonly used for boys as well as girls in the early twentieth century, after being made popular by the 1917 silent film starring Theda Bara.

Muses
In ancient Greek religion and mythology, the Muses (Ancient Greek: Μοῦσαι, romanized: Moúsai, [ˈmuː.sai̯]; singular: Μοῦσα, Moúsa, [ˈmuː.sa]; Greek: Μούσες, romanized: Múses, [ˈmuː.ses]) were the inspirational goddesses of literature, science, and the arts. They were considered the source of the knowledge embodied in the poetry, lyric songs, and myths that were related orally for centuries in ancient Greek culture.

The number and names of the Muses differed by region, but from the Classical period the number of Muses was standardized to nine, and their names were generally given as Calliope, Clio, Polyhymnia, Euterpe, Terpsichore, Erato, Melpomene, Thalia, and Urania.

In modern figurative usage, a muse is a person who serves as someone's source of artistic inspiration.
Hong Kong Unison
Hong Kong Unison (Chinese: 香港融樂會) was an organisation in Hong Kong that focused on serving ethnic minorities. Founded in 2001 by social worker Fermi Wong at a time of limited groups on serving ethnic minorities, the group was dedicated in assisting low-income ethnic minorities, including providing Cantonese classes, job finding and family support. Unison was also an advocacy and lobbying group against racial discrimination.

Demographics of Hong Kong
Demographic features of the population of Hong Kong include population density, ethnicity, education level, the health of the populace, religious affiliations, and other aspects.

Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world, with an overall density of some 6,300 people per square kilometre. At the same time, Hong Kong has one of the world's lowest birth rates—0.68 per woman of child-bearing age as of 2022, far below the replacement rate of 2.1. It is estimated that 26.8% of the population will be aged 65 or more in 2033, up from 12.1% in 2005. Hong Kong recorded a crude birth rate of 8.2 per 1,000 people on average annually in 2005–2010.

Ethnically, Hong Kong mainly consists of Chinese who constitute approximately 92% of the population.  Of these, many originate from various regions in Guangdong. There are also a number of descendants of immigrants from elsewhere in Southern China during and after the Chinese Civil War.