hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Homologous chromosome
Homologous chromosomes or homologs are a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during meiosis. Homologs have the same genes in the same loci, where they provide points along each chromosome that enable a pair of chromosomes to align correctly with each other before separating during meiosis. This is the basis for Mendelian inheritance, which characterizes inheritance patterns of genetic material from an organism to its offspring parent developmental cell at the given time and area.

Germ cell
A germ cell is any cell that gives rise to the gametes of an organism that reproduces sexually. In many animals, the germ cells originate in the primitive streak and migrate via the gut of an embryo to the developing gonads. There, they undergo meiosis, followed by cellular differentiation into mature gametes, either eggs or sperm. Unlike animals, plants do not have germ cells designated in early development. Instead, germ cells can arise from somatic cells in the adult, such as the floral meristem of flowering plants.
Gold Strike (horse)
Gold Strike (foaled 2002 in Manitoba) is a Canadian Thoroughbred Champion racehorse. Bred and raced by Dick Bonnycastle's Harlequin Ranches, she was out of the mare, Brassy Gold. Her sire was the outstanding Smart Strike, a two-time leading sire in North America who also sired Curlin, Soaring Free, and English Channel, among others.

Gold Strike is the dam of 2022 Kentucky Derby winner Rich Strike.

English Channel (horse)
English Channel (April 9, 2002 – November 11, 2021) was an American Champion Thoroughbred racehorse and a leading sire of turf horses in North America. In four years of racing, he competed in 23 races, winning 13, finishing second in four, and finishing third in one. His final victory came at the 2007 Breeders' Cup Turf, where he set a record for this race when he won by seven lengths. Following this race, he was retired to stud in Lexington, Kentucky.
Michel Faber
Michel Faber (born 13 April 1960) is a Dutch-born writer of English-language fiction, including his 2002 novel The Crimson Petal and the White, and Under the Skin (2000) which was adapted for film by Jonathan Glazer, starring Scarlett Johansson. His novel for young adults, D: A Tale of Two Worlds, was published in 2020. His book, Listen: On Music, Sound and Us, a non-fiction work about music, came out in October 2023.

Granta
Granta is a literary magazine and publisher in the United Kingdom whose mission centres on its "belief in the power and urgency of the story, both in fiction and non-fiction, and the story's supreme ability to describe, illuminate and make real." In 2007, The Observer stated: "In its blend of memoirs and photojournalism, and in its championing of contemporary realist fiction, Granta has its face pressed firmly against the window, determined to witness the world."

Granta has published twenty-seven laureates of the Nobel Prize in Literature. Literature published by Granta has regularly won such prizes as the Forward Prize, T. S. Eliot Prize, Pushcart Prize and more.
2010 Allsvenskan
The 2010 Allsvenskan, part of the 2010 Swedish football season, was the 86th Allsvenskan season. It began on 13 March 2010 and ended on 7 November 2010. AIK were the defending champions. Malmö FF secured their 16th title in the last round after winning with 2–0 against Mjällby.

Malmö narrowly beat Scanian rivals Helsingborg to the title, with Örebro being in third. Malmö had gone through five seasons in fifth place or lower after the last title in 2004, marking a major turnaround. It would also serve as a starting point of a strong era for the club, since Malmö won four of the next seven league titles and never finished outside the top four in the rest of the decade.

2004 Allsvenskan
Allsvenskan 2004, part of the 2004 Swedish football season, was the 80th Allsvenskan season played. The first match was played 3 April 2004 and the last match was played 30 October 2004. Malmö FF won the league ahead of runners-up Halmstads BK, while AIK and Trelleborgs FF were relegated.
Humanist Popular Front
The Humanist Popular Front (in Spanish: Frontera Popular Humanista, FPH) is a center-left Venezuelan political party formed by dissidents of the For Social Democracy and the Fatherland For All parties on 14 January 2009. There were five members represented in the National Assembly of Venezuela until the 2010 Venezuelan parliamentary election.

Fatherland for All
Fatherland for All (Patria Para Todos, PPT) is a leftist political party in Venezuela. It was founded on September 27, 1997 by members of The Radical Cause party led by Pablo Medina, Aristóbulo Istúriz and Alí Rodríguez Araque. In 1998 the PPT supported the first presidential candidacy of Hugo Chávez. It is currently led by Rafael Uzcátegui.
Mark Liburkin
Mark Savelyevich Liburkin (Russian: Марк Савельевич Либуркин; 31 August 1910 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet chess composer. He composed more than 110 endgame studies, usually with geometrical motifs. In 1945, he was appointed editor of Soviet chess magazine Shakhmaty v SSSR. In 2010, endgame association AVRES held centenary memorial tournaments in honor of Liburkin and Shaya Kozlowski.

Glossary of chess
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.

For a list of:

unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece;

terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;

named opening lines, see List of chess openings;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants;

terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
Cairns Glacier
Cairns Glacier (78°34′S 86°00′W﻿ / ﻿78.567°S 86.000°W﻿ / -78.567; -86.000) is a glacier on the west slope of Vinson Massif, Sentinel Range in Antarctica, situated between Branscomb Glacier and Tulaczyk Glacier.  It flows along the northwest side of Brichebor Peak southwestwards, and leaving the range together with Tulaczyk Glacier joins Nimitz Glacier southeast of Klenova Peak.

The feature was named by US-ACAN (2006) after Stephen Douglas Cairns, research zoologist, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 1985–2006; Board of Associated Editors, Antarctic Research Series, American Geophysical Union, 1990–95.

Branscomb Glacier
The Branscomb Glacier (78°32′S 86°05′W﻿ / ﻿78.533°S 86.083°W﻿ / -78.533; -86.083) is an Antarctic glacier, 11 nautical miles (20 km; 13 mi) long, flowing west from the north-west side of Vinson Massif (the highest point in Antarctica) into Nimitz Glacier, in the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. Its upper course receives ice influx from both Goodge Col and Jacobsen Valley, while the tributary Roché Glacier joins Branscomb Glacier just northwest of Príncipe de Asturias Peak. Branscomb Glacier has been the focus of scientific research expeditions aimed at studying glaciology, ice dynamics, and climate change in Antarctica.
Jenny Brown (feminist)
Jenny Brown is an organizer in the women's liberation movement and the author of several books on feminism, reproductive rights, and labor. She works with National Women's Liberation, a radical feminist organization of dues-paying women.

Redstockings
Redstockings, also known as Redstockings of the Women's Liberation Movement, is a radical feminist nonprofit that was founded in January 1969 in New York City, whose goal is "To Defend and Advance the Women's Liberation Agenda". The group's name is derived from bluestocking, a term used to disparage feminist intellectuals of earlier centuries, and red, for its association with the revolutionary left.
Butry-sur-Oise
Butry-sur-Oise (French pronunciation: [bytʁi syʁ waz] ⓘ; lit. 'Butry-on-Oise') is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department in Île-de-France in northern France.

Despite its name, Valmondois station is situated in the commune; it has rail connections to Persan, Creil, Pontoise and Paris (at Paris-Nord).

Persan
Persan (French pronunciation: [pɛʁsɑ̃] ⓘ) is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department, Île-de-France, northern France. Persan–Beaumont station has rail connections to Pontoise, Creil, Sarcelles and Paris.
Serena Williams's early career
The career of American tennis player Serena Williams began in 1995, but she did not compete in 1996. She continued through the 1997 season and ended in the top 20 in 1998. And was starting to already gain fame during these years of her doing tennis.

Larisa Neiland
Larisa Savchenko-Neiland (Ukrainian: Лариса Савченко-Нейланд, Latvian: Larisa Savčenko-Neilande; née Savchenko; also Larisa Neiland; born 21 July 1966) is a tennis coach and former professional player who represented the Soviet Union and Latvia. A former world No. 1 doubles player, Neiland won six Grand Slam titles: two in women's doubles and four in mixed doubles. She also won two singles titles and 63 doubles titles on the WTA Tour. She is listed in fourth place for the most doubles match wins (766) in WTA history, after Lisa Raymond, Rennae Stubbs and Liezel Huber. Neiland has been the coach of Ukrainian tennis player Daria Snigur since 2017.
Parkwood (Decatur)
Parkwood is a neighborhood on the western side of Decatur, Georgia, a suburb of Atlanta.  Although a small portion of the neighborhood was always within the city limits of Decatur, the remainder of the Parkwood neighborhood was voluntarily annexed into the City of Decatur effective July 1, 2014.   The neighborhood is bounded by Ponce de Leon Avenue to the north; East Lake Road to the south; the CSX railroad tracks to the west; and Melrose Avenue and the Adair Park community to the east.

Although part of the much larger and historic Druid Hills community, Parkwood is primarily a neighborhood of mid-20th century ranch homes.  The neighborhood is notable for its curvilinear street design and large lot sizes.   Streets in the community include East Parkwood Road, West Parkwood Road, Parkwood Lane, Upland Road, and Wimberly Court.

North Parkwood Road, located north of Ponce de Leon Avenue, is considered part of the Chelsea Heights neighborhood.

Druid Hills, Georgia
Druid Hills is a community which includes both a census-designated place (CDP) in unincorporated DeKalb County, Georgia, United States, as well as a neighborhood of the city of Atlanta. The CDP's population was 14,568 at the 2010 census. The CDP formerly contained the main campus of Emory University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); however, they were annexed by Atlanta in 2018. The Atlanta-city section of Druid Hills is one of Atlanta's most affluent neighborhoods with a mean household income in excess of $238,500 (making it the ninth most affluent, per that metric).
Marinobacter gudaonensis
Marinobacter gudaonensis is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Marinobacter which has been isolated from saline soil which was contaminated with oil from the Shengli Oil Field in China.

Marinobacter
Marinobacter is a genus of bacteria found in sea water. They are also found in a variety of salt lakes.
A number of strains and species can degrade hydrocarbons. The species involved in hydrocarbon degradation include M. alkaliphilus, M. arcticus, M. hydrocarbonoclasticus, M. maritimus, and M. squalenivorans.

There are currently 46 species of Marinobacter that are characterized by Gram-negative rods and salt-tolerance.
Atherton High School (England)
Atherton High School (formerly Atherton Community School & Hesketh Fletcher CofE High School) is a mixed Secondary school and sixth form located in Atherton in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. It is formally designated as a Christian faith school. The school opened in 2012 for 11-year-old (Year 7) pupils, but expanded over the next few years to become a full secondary school. The school's sixth form opened in 2013.

The school was the first free school to open in Greater Manchester, and was established after the Chapel Street and Atherton Community Consortium had campaigned for the opening of a new secondary school in the Atherton area. In 2020 the school was transferred to the Education Partnership Trust and was renamed Atherton High School.

Free school (England)
A free school in England is a type of academy established since 2010 under the Cameron–Clegg government's free school policy initiative. From May 2015, usage of the term was formally extended to include new academies set up via a local authority competition. Like other academies, free schools are non-profit-making, state-funded schools which are free to attend but which are mostly independent of the local authority.
Alastor trilogy
The Alastor Trilogy consists of three novels by American writer Jack Vance: Trullion: Alastor 2262 (1973), Marune: Alastor 933 (1975), and Wyst: Alastor 1716 (1978). Vance planned a fourth novel Pharism: Alastor 458, but it was never written. A fourth authorised novel by Tais Teng, Phaedra: Alastor 824, was published under the "Paladins of Vance" label by Spatterlight Press in 2019. The series takes place in the Alastor Cluster as part of Vance's larger Gaean Reach fictional universe.

As described in the novel Marune, three thousand of the star systems in the cluster are inhabited by five trillion humans. Vance describes them as having "little in common except their lack of uniformity." They are ruled by the laissez-faire Connatic Oman Ursht, "the sixteenth of the Idite dynasty". The Connatic's palace, Lusz, on the planet Numenes, rises "ten thousand feet above the sea on five great pylons", and contains chambers dedicated to each inhabited planet.

Gaean Reach
The Gaean Reach is a fictional region in space that is a setting for science fiction stories written by Jack Vance. Those of his works that are set in a universe evidently including the Gaean Reach, whether within it or near it, have been catalogued as the Gaean Reach series or super-series.
1990 Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1990 Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament was the fifteenth edition, held March 8–10 at the BSU Pavilion at Boise State University in Boise, Idaho.

Defending champion Idaho defeated Eastern Washington in the championship game, 65–62. It was the Vandals' second consecutive Big Sky tournament title, and fourth overall (1981, 1982, 1989, 1990).

Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament
The Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament is the conference championship tournament in men's basketball for the Big Sky Conference. The event has been held annually since 1976, the conference's thirteenth year.

The tournament winner earns a berth in the NCAA Division I tournament.
2022 Frisco Bowl
The 2022 Frisco Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 17, 2022, at Toyota Stadium in Frisco, Texas. The fifth annual Frisco Bowl, it featured Boise State of the Mountain West Conference and North Texas of Conference USA (C-USA). The game began at 8:25 p.m. CST and was aired on ESPN. It was one of the 2022–23 bowl games concluding the 2022 FBS football season.

2022–23 NCAA football bowl games
The 2022–23 NCAA football bowl games were a series of college football games played to complete the 2022 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Team-competitive games began in mid-December and concluded with the 2023 College Football Playoff National Championship on January 9, 2023, which was won by the Georgia Bulldogs. The all-star portion of the schedule began on January 14 and concluded on February 25, 2023.
Pulmonic-contour click
Pulmonic-contour clicks, also called sequential linguo-pulmonic consonants, are consonants that transition from a click to an ordinary pulmonic sound, or more precisely, have an audible delay between the front and rear release of the click. All click types (alveolar ǃ, dental ǀ, lateral ǁ, palatal ǂ, retroflex 𝼊 and labial ʘ) have linguo-pulmonic variants, which occur as both stops and affricates, and are attested in four phonations: tenuis, voiced, aspirated, and murmured (breathy voiced). At least a voiceless linguo-pulmonic affricate is attested from all Khoisan languages of southern Africa (the Khoe, Tuu, and Kxʼa language families), as well as (reportedly) from the Bantu language Yeyi from the same area, but they are unattested elsewhere.

Lateral click
The lateral clicks are a family of click consonants found only in African languages. The clicking sound used by equestrians to urge on their horses is a lateral click, although it is not a speech sound in that context. Lateral clicks are found throughout southern Africa, for example in Zulu, and in some languages in Tanzania and Namibia. The place of articulation is not known to be contrastive in any language, and typically varies from alveolar to palatal.

The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents a generic lateral click is ⟨ǁ⟩, a double vertical bar. Prior to 1989, ⟨ʖ⟩ was the IPA letter for the lateral clicks, and this is still preferred by some phoneticians, as the vertical bar may be confounded with prosody marks, two dental clicks, and in some fonts, with a double lowercase L. Either letter may be combined with a second letter or a diacritic to indicate voicing and the manner of articulation, though this is commonly omitted for tenuis clicks.
2023 JC Ferrero Challenger Open
The 2023 JC Ferrero Challenger Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hardcourts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2023 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place at the Ferrero Tennis Academy in Villena, Alicante, Spain, between 2 and 8 October 2023.

2023 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2023 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2023 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 196 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 46th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 15th under the name of Challenger Tour.
2021 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship
The 2021 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship (also known as UEFA Women's Under-17 Euro 2021) was originally to be held as the 13th edition of the UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship, the annual international youth football championship organised by UEFA for the women's under-17 national teams of Europe. The Faroe Islands were originally scheduled to host the tournament between 2 and 14 May 2021. A total of eight teams were to play in the tournament, with players born on or after 1 January 2004 eligible to participate. On 18 December 2020, UEFA announced the tournament was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe.

Germany were to be the defending champions, having won the last tournament held in 2019, with the 2020 edition cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe.

On 18 December 2020, the UEFA Executive Committee announced that the tournament was cancelled after consultation with all 55 member associations due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

2019 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship
The 2019 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship (also known as UEFA Women's Under-17 Euro 2019) was the 12th edition of the UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship, the annual international youth football championship organised by UEFA for the women's under-17 national teams of Europe. Bulgaria, which were selected by UEFA on 9 December 2016, hosted the tournament from 5 to 17 May 2019.

A total of eight teams played in the tournament, with players born on or after 1 January 2002 eligible to participate. Starting from this season, up to five substitutions are permitted per team in each match. Moreover, each match has a regular duration of 90 minutes, instead of 80 minutes in previous seasons.

Germany won their seventh title after beating Netherlands on penalties. Spain were the defending champions and were knocked out from the tournament by Netherlands in the semifinal.
Antoinette Perry (lieutenant governor)
Antoinette Perry OPEI (born 1953 or 1954) is a Canadian former schoolteacher who served as the 29th lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island from 2017 to 2024, acting as the province's viceregal representative of Queen Elizabeth II and then of King Charles III. She was appointed on September 14, 2017, by Governor General David Johnston on the constitutional advice of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, and was sworn in on October 20, 2017, succeeding H. Frank Lewis. Perry's swearing in ceremony took place in Tignish, Prince Edward Island, marking the first time a PEI lieutenant governor was sworn in outside of the province's capital, Charlottetown.

Perry is an Acadian who taught as a schoolteacher for 32 years after attaining a bachelor's degree in music education at the Université de Moncton in 1976, and has also served as the church organist at St. Simon & St. Jude Church in Tignish. Perry, who is single, was the first unmarried lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island.

Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island
The lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island (/lɛfˈtɛnənt/) is the representative in Prince Edward Island of the monarch, who operates distinctly within the province but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions of Canada. The lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island is appointed in the same manner as the other provincial viceroys in Canada and is similarly tasked with carrying out most of the monarch's constitutional and ceremonial duties.

The present lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island is Wassim Salamoun, who assumed the role on 17 October 2024. He is the first lieutenant governor in the history of the province who is immigrant born and not of European ancestry .
Erlspitze
The Erlspitze, at 2,405 m (AA), is the highest mountain of the range to which it gives its name in the southeastern corner of the Karwendel Alps. Its pyramid-shaped summit makes it a good observation peak north of the Erl Saddle and the Solsteinhaus mountain hut.

Karwendel
The Karwendel is the largest mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps. It is located on the Austria–Germany border. The major part belongs to the Austrian federal state of Tyrol, while the adjacent area in the north is part of Bavaria, Germany. Four chains stretch from west to east; in addition, there are a number of fringe ranges and an extensive promontory (Vorkarwendel) in the north.
2007 FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix
The 2007 FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix was the 14th Summer Grand Prix season in ski jumping on plastic. The season began on 11 August 2007 in Hinterzarten, Germany and ended on 6 October 2007 in Klingenthal.

Other competitive circuits this season included the World Cup and Continental Cup.

FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix
The FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix is a summer circuit yearly arranged by International Ski Federation. This competition for men was first arranged in 1994 and for the first time for women in 2012. The competition is held on ski jumps with artificial surfaces. There are about 10 competitions per season, held in the months between July and October. Regular venues for the competition are Courchevel, Hakuba, Einsiedeln, Wisła, Hinterzarten and Klingenthal. First official mixed team event with four jumpers (two men and two women) was organized in 2012. The most successful participants are Adam Małysz and Thomas Morgenstern, each having won the Grand Prix three times.

A similar level of competition held in winter is the World Cup; the lower circuits include the Continental Cup, the FIS Cup, the FIS Race and the Alpen Cup.
Shahrak-e Vali-ye Asr, Darab
Shahrak-e Vali-ye Asr (Persian: شهرك وليعصر, also Romanized as Shahrak-e Valī-ye 'Aşr) is a village in Rostaq Rural District, Rostaq District, Darab County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,769, in 463 families.

Rostaq Rural District (Darab County)
Rostaq Rural District (Persian: دهستان رستاق) is in Rostaq District of Darab County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Lay Zangan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Rostaq, now a city.