hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Max Osborne
Max Osborne (born 21 November 1990) is an English cricketer.  Osborne is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast.  He was born at Orsett, Essex.

Osborne made his first-class debut for Essex against the touring Bangladeshis in 2010.  He took the wickets of Mohammed Ashraful and Naeem Islam in the Bangladeshis first-innings for the cost of 60 runs from 14 overs.  In their second-innings he took the wickets of Junaid Siddique, Mushfiqur Rahim and Mahmudullah for the cost of 35 runs from 6 overs. He made a second first-class appearance in 2010, which came against Durham in the County Championship. His only wicket in this match was that of Gordon Muchall.

He did not appear for Essex in the 2011 season, but did play three MCCA Knockout Trophy matches for Suffolk against Berkshire, Lincolnshire and Norfolk in that season. He was released by Essex following the 2011 season.

Gordon Muchall
Gordon Muchall (born 2 November 1982) is a former English professional cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right arm medium pace bowler. He was born in Newcastle upon Tyne and played for Durham County Cricket Club for the entire duration of his career before retiring at the end of the 2016 season.

He made his first-class debut in 2002 for Durham against Middlesex. He represented England Under-19's, and was a member of the first England Academy squad.

He was awarded his county cap in 2005.
Gojjam
Gojjam (Amharic: ጎጃም gōjjām, originally ጐዛም gʷazzam, later ጐዣም gʷažžām, ጎዣም gōžžām) is a historical provincial kingdom in northwestern Ethiopia, with its capital city at Debre Markos.

During the 18th century, Gojjam's western neighbors were Agawmeder in the southwest and Qwara in the northwest. Agawmeder, never an organized political entity, was gradually absorbed by Gojjam until it reached west to the Sultanate of Gubba; Juan Maria Schuver noted in his journeys in Agawmeder (September 1882) that in three prior months, "the Abyssinians considerably advanced their frontier towards the West, effacing what was left of the independent regions." Gubba acknowledged its dependence to Emperor Menelik II in 1898, but by 1942 was absorbed into Gojjam. Dek Island in Lake Tana was administratively part of Gojjam until 1987.
The capital city is Bahir Dar.

Qwara Province
Qwara (Amharic: ቋራ), also spelled Quara, was a province in now Amhara Region, Ethiopia, located between Lake Tana and the frontier inside present-day Sudan, and stretching from Agawmeder in the south as far north as Metemma, and as far west as Wad Madani, Sudan.
Surgutsky Uyezd
Surgutsky Uyezd (Сургутский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Tobolsk Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Surgut.

Surgut
Surgut (Russian: Сургут, IPA: [sʊrˈgut]; Khanty: Сәрханӆ, Sərhanł; Сө̆ркут, Sörkut) is a city in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on the Ob River. It is one of the few cities in Russia to be larger than the capital or the administrative center of its federal subject in terms of population, economic activity, and tourist traffic. The population as per the last four Russian censuses: 396,443 (2021 Census); 306,675 (2010 Census); 285,027 (2002 Census); 247,823 (1989 Soviet census).
Coste Rocks Provincial Park
Coste Rocks Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located 23 km south of Kitimat on the south end of Coste Island.  The park, which is water access only, was established in 2004; comprising approximately 29 hectares (1 hectares of it upland and 28 hectares of it foreshore).

Kitimat
Kitimat is a district municipality in the North Coast region of British Columbia, Canada. It is a member municipality of the Regional District of Kitimat–Stikine regional government. The Kitimat Valley is part of the most populous urban district in northwest British Columbia, which includes Terrace to the north along the Skeena River Valley. The city was planned and built by the Aluminum Company of Canada (Alcan) during the 1950s.  Its post office was approved on 6 June 1952.

Kitimat's municipal area is 242.63 km2 (93.68 sq mi). It is located on tidewater in one of the few wide, flat valleys on the coast of British Columbia. The 2021 census recorded 8,236 citizens.

The District of Kitimat Development Services situates the port of Kitimat as an integral part of the Northwest Corridor connecting North America to the Pacific Ocean and the Pacific Rim.
1989 Norwich Union Grand Prix
The 1989 Norwich Union Grand Prix was a professional invitational snooker tournament, which took place between 20 May and 12 November 1989.

The tournament comprised four qualifying rounds, which took place in Strasbourg, Lyon, Paris and Brussels, with the winner of each going through to the semi-finals of the final tournament held in Monte Carlo, Monaco. Joe Johnson won the tournament beating Stephen Hendry 5–3 in the final.

Norwich Union Grand Prix
The Norwich Union Grand Prix was a non-ranking snooker tournament staged between 1988 and 1990. Matches were held at various venues across Europe with the final stage being played in Monte Carlo, Monaco. The tournaments were sponsored by Norwich Union, who had last sponsored a snooker tournament, the Norwich Union Open, fourteen years previously.
Agurain/Salvatierra
Agurain in Basque or Salvatierra in Spanish, officially Agurain/Salvatierra, is a town and municipality located in the province of Álava in the Basque Autonomous Community, northern Spain. The municipality has a population of 5,155 inhabitants as of 2024 and is the most populous town in the cuadrilla of Llanada Alavesa.

The town council is headed by Iñaki Beraza, a member of the Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ-PNV).

Dolmen
A dolmen (/ˈdɒlmɛn/), or portal tomb, is a type of single-chamber megalithic tomb, usually consisting of two or more upright megaliths supporting a large flat horizontal capstone or "table". Most date from the Late Neolithic period (4000–3000 BCE) and were sometimes covered with earth or smaller stones to form a tumulus (burial mound). Small pad-stones may be wedged between the cap and supporting stones to achieve a level appearance. In many instances, the covering has eroded away, leaving only the stone "skeleton".

In Sumba (Indonesia), dolmens are still commonly built (about 100 dolmens each year) for collective graves according to lineage. The traditional village of Wainyapu has some 1,400 dolmens.
Hubei, Fujian
Hubei (simplified Chinese: 虎贝; traditional Chinese: 虎貝; pinyin: Hǔbèi) is a town in Jiaocheng District, Ningde, Fujian province, China. As of 2020, it has 18 villages under its administration:

Chalu Village (岔路村)

Dongyuan Village (东源村)

Fushan Village (浮山村)

Huangbai Village (黄柏村)

Huangjia Village (黄家村)

Jiucuo Village (旧厝村)

Meihe Village (梅鹤村)

Nanling Village (南岭村)

Qidian Village (七淀村)

Shangpu Village (上堡村)

Wenfeng Village (文峰村)

Xialou Village (下楼村)

Xiayang Village (下洋村)

Xinting Village (新亭村)

Xincuo Village (新厝村)

Yanbing Village (岩柄村)

Zhongyangli Village (中洋里村)

Jiadi Village (甲地村)

Ningde
Ningde, previously romanized as Ningteh and Ning-Taik, is a city located along the northeastern coast of Fujian, China. It borders the provincial capital of Fuzhou City to the south, Wenzhou Prefecture of Zhejiang to the north, and Nanping to the west.

The prefecture-level Ningde City administers 1 district, 2 cities, 6 counties, as well as 124 towns, townships and subdistricts. Listed below are the district, cities and counties, first four of which are coastal whereas the rest are located in mountainous areas.

Situated roughly 300 kilometres (190 mi) north of the Tropic of Cancer, the prefecture of Ningde spans 13,500 square kilometres (5,200 sq mi) in land area. Like the rest of the province, Ningde sits in a mountainous region but it also enjoys almost 200 kilometres (120 mi) of coastline facing the East China Sea. Ningde is listed No.2 in China Integrated City Index 2016's environmental ranking, a study conducted by the National Development and Reform Commission.
Shareholder Executive
The Shareholder Executive (ShEx) was a body within the UK Government between 2003 and 2016, responsible for managing the government's financial interest in a range of state-owned businesses for commercial rather than political interests. It was part of the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills and staffed by civil servants, many of whom were corporate finance professionals with private sector experience. It was led by Mark Russell as chief executive at the time of its merger into UK Government Investments.

Post Office Limited
Post Office Limited, formerly Post Office Counters Limited and commonly known as the Post Office, is a state-owned retail post office company in the United Kingdom that provides a wide range of postal and non-postal related products including postage stamps, banking, insurance, bureau de change and identity verification services to the public. It does this through its nationwide network of around 11,500 post office branches, which are run by franchise partners or by independent business people known as subpostmasters, under contracts with the Post Office.

Since 2020, a public enquiry has been under way into the company's actions which led to between 700 and 900 subpostmasters being wrongfully prosecuted for financial crimes, in what has been described by the Criminal Cases Review Commission as "the biggest single series of wrongful convictions in British legal history".
Stordalen (surname)
Stordalen is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gunhild Anker Stordalen (born 1979), Norwegian physician

Herman Stordalen (1895–1961), Norwegian politician

Morten Stordalen (born 1968), Norwegian politician

Petter Stordalen (born 1962), Norwegian businessman

Scandinavian family name etymology
Heritable family names were generally adopted rather late within Scandinavia. Nobility were the first to take names that would be passed on from one generation to the next. Later, clergy, artisans and merchants in cities took heritable names. Family names (surnames) were still used together with primary patronyms (father's name plus an affix denoting relationship), which were used by all social classes. This meant that most families until modern times did not have surnames. Scandinavian patronyms were generally derived from the father's given name with the addition of a suffix meaning 'son' or 'daughter' or by occupation like Møller - ( Miller ) naming tradition remained commonly used throughout the Scandinavian countries during the time of surname formation.
Forms of the patronymic suffixes include: -son, -sen, -fen, -søn, -ler, -zen, -zon/zoon, and -sson,'datter'.
Germanane
Germanane is a single-layer crystal composed of germanium with one hydrogen bonded in the z-direction for each atom, in contrast to germanene which contains no hydrogen. In material science, great interest is shown in related single layered materials, such as graphene, composed of carbon, and silicene, composed of silicon. Such materials represent a new generation of semiconductors with potential applications in computer chips and solar cells. Germanane's structure is similar to graphane, and therefore graphene.  Bulk germanium does not adopt this structure.  Germanane has been produced in a two-step route starting with calcium germanide. From this material, the calcium is removed by de-intercalation with HCl to give a layered solid with the empirical formula GeH. The Ca sites in Zintl phase CaGe2 interchange with the H atoms in the HCl solution, which leaves GeH and CaCl2.

Germanene
Germanene is a material made up of a single layer of germanium atoms. The material is created in a process similar to that of silicene and graphene, in which high vacuum and high temperature are used to deposit a layer of germanium atoms on a substrate. High-quality thin films of germanene have revealed unusual two-dimensional structures with novel electronic properties suitable for semiconductor device applications and materials science research.
Anosibe An'ala
Anosibe An'ala is a city in Anosibe An'ala District, Alaotra-Mangoro Region, Madagascar. It is situated at 186 km from Antananarivo and 72 km from Moramanga to which it is linked by the unpaved road RIP23 that is only suitable for 4x4 driven cars.

The Sandrangato river flows near this town where it also forms the Niagarakely falls.
The town is also close to the rivers Menakoranga and Menambolosa. Also the Manampotsy has its springs in the commune.

Moramanga
Moramanga is a city (commune urbaine) in Madagascar. It is located in the region Alaotra-Mangoro and the Moramanga District.
It has a population of 57,084 inhabitants (2018).

It is situated between the capital Antananarivo and the east coast on the crossroad of RN 2 and RN 44.
The name of Moranmanga originates from the slave trade. To differ them from other social classes, they were dressed in blue or manga.
As they were among the cheapest (mora) in Africa, it became Moramanga.
Joseon Army
The Joseon Army (Korean: 조선군대; Hanja: 朝鮮軍隊) was the army of the Korean dynasty of Joseon (1392–1897). The army defended the northern borders but seldom defended the southern regions. The army was best known for fending off the Jurchen raids and conquering the Korean Peninsula. However, Joseon's neo-Confucianism disavowed military development, causing them to be vulnerable to Japanese and Manchu invasions. Despite this, Joseon kept strengthening the army until the 19th century, when western powers and the Japanese forced them to open doors and modernize the army.

Taejong of Joseon
Taejong (Korean: 태종; Hanja: 太宗; 16 May 1367 – 10 May 1422), personal name Yi Pangwŏn (이방원; 李芳遠), was the third monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea and the father of Sejong the Great. He was the fifth son of King Taejo, the founder of the dynasty. Before ascending to the throne, he was known as Grand Prince Jeongan (정안군; 靖安君).
Outline of Iceland
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Iceland:

Iceland – sovereign island nation located in the North Atlantic Ocean between continental Europe and Greenland.  It is considered part of Northern Europe.  It is the least populous of the Nordic countries, having a population of about 329,000 (January 1, 2015).  Iceland is volcanically and geologically active on a large scale; this defines the landscape in various ways. The interior mainly consists of a plateau characterized by sand fields, mountains and glaciers, while many big glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands. Warmed by the Gulf Stream, Iceland has a temperate climate relative to its latitude and provides a habitable environment and nature.

Nasdaq Iceland
The Nasdaq Iceland, formerly known as the Iceland Stock Exchange (ICEX) (Icelandic: Kauphöll Íslands [ˈkʰœypˌhœtl ˈistlan(t)s]), is a stock exchange for Icelandic bonds and equities. Companies in sectors such as retail, fishing, transportation, banking and real estate are listed on the exchange. Because of the small size of the Icelandic economy many of the stocks traded on Nasdaq Iceland are relatively small and illiquid.
José Ángel Herrera
José Ángel Herrera Martín (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse ˈaŋxel eˈreɾa maɾˈtin]; born 18 December 1989) is a Spanish professional association football manager. As of 2025, he serves as the head coach of Al Hilal, a club competing in the Saudi Women's Premier League.

UD Tenerife
CD Tenerife Femenino or UD Tenerife and previously Unión Deportiva Granadilla Tenerife and Costa Adeje Tenerife, is a Spanish women's football club based on the Tenerife island, in the Canary Islands. The club plays in Liga F, holding home games at the Estadio Heliodoro Rodríguez López.
Shamalangi
Shamalangi or Shyamalangi (pronounced shāmaḻāngi) is a ragam in Carnatic music (classical music of southern India). It is the 55th in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music, and is called Shāmaḻam in the Muthuswami Dikshitar school of that genre.

Melakarta
Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales (ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). Mēḷakartā ragas are parent ragas (hence known as janaka ragas) from which other ragas may be derived. A melakarta raga is sometimes referred as mela, karta or sampurna as well, though the latter usage is inaccurate, as a sampurna raga need not be a melakarta (take the raga Bhairavi, for example).

In Hindustani music the thaat is the rough equivalent of Melakartā. There are 10 thaats in Hindustani music, though the commonly accepted melakarta scheme has 72 ragas.
2013–14 Santosh Trophy Group Stage
This article details the 2013-14 Santosh Trophy Group Stage.

The group stage features 10 teams: the 10 winners of the qualifiers.

The teams were drawn into two groups of five, and played each once in a round-robin format. The matchdays are from 24 February to 5 March.

The top two teams in each group advances to the Semi-Finals.

2013–14 Santosh Trophy
The 2014 Santosh Trophy was the 68th edition of the Santosh Trophy, the main state competition in Indian football. The tournament was held in two phases. The final phase was held in Siliguri, West Bengal between 24 February and 9 March 2014. The zone competitions were held between January 26 and February 4, 2014. In the finals, played at Kanchenjunga Stadium, Siliguri, debutant Mizoram beat the Railways 3–0 to clinch the trophy, and the Rs 500,000 prize money, while the runners up Railways received Rs. 300,000.
2021–22 Saudi Pro League
The 2021–22 Saudi Pro League was the 47th edition of the top-tier Saudi football league, established in 1974, and the 14th edition since it was rebranded as the Saudi Pro League in 2008, Fixtures for the 2021–22 season were announced on 18 July 2021.

Al-Hilal were the two-time defending champions after winning their 17th title last season. Al-Fayha, Al-Hazem, and Al-Tai join as the three promoted clubs from the 2020–21 MS League. They replace Al-Ain, Al-Qadsiah, and Al-Wehda who were relegated to the 2021–22 MS League.

On 27 June, Al-Hilal secured their eighteenth league title in the final matchday following a 2–1 home win against Al-Faisaly. It was also the club's third consecutive title and fifth in the last six seasons. Al-Hazem were the first team to be relegated following a 5–2 defeat away to Al-Ettifaq on 21 May. In the final matchday, both Al-Faisaly and Al-Ahli were relegated following a defeat to Al-Hilal and a draw with Al-Shabab respectively.

2008–09 Saudi Pro League
The 2008–09 Saudi Professional League was the 33rd season of Saudi Pro League since its establishment in 1976 and first after rebranding to the Saudi Pro League. Al-Hilal were the defending champions, having won their 11th title in the previous season. The campaign began on 13 September 2008 and ended on 12 April 2009. A total of 12 teams contested the league, 10 of which already contested in the 2007–08 season, and two of which were promoted from the First Division.

On 12 April 2009, in the final round of the season, Al-Ittihad won the title after a 2–1 victory over Al-Hilal. It was their eighth league title overall. Al-Ittihad, Al-Hilal, Al-Ahli and Al-Shabab all secured a berth for the 2010 AFC Champions League, while Al-Nassr and Al-Ettifaq qualified for the Gulf Club Champions Cup. Al-Watani and Abha were relegated to the Saudi First Division League.
FC Barcelona (youth)
Futbol Club Barcelona Juvenil are the under-19 team of Spanish professional football club Barcelona and the final stage of progression in the club's youth academy commonly referred to as La Masia. The Juvenil team play in the Group III of the División de Honor Juvenil de Fútbol where their main rivals are Damm, Espanyol, and Mallorca.

They also participate in the national Copa de Campeones Juvenil and the Copa del Rey Juvenil, qualification for which is dependent on final league group position. The team has also taken part in the continental UEFA Youth League; they won in 2014, 2018 and 2025

CF Damm
Club de Futbol Damm is a Spanish football team based in Barcelona, in the autonomous community of Catalonia. Founded in 1954, it is dedicated to youth football.

Their Juvenil A squad play in the Group III of the División de Honor Juvenil de Fútbol. The club is mainly known for their successful youth setup, which helps players to develop and join other senior clubs in the region.
Mountain House Creek
Mountain House Creek is a 11.3-mile-long (18.2 km) east/northeast-flowing intermittent stream draining the eastern Diablo Range in Alameda and San Joaquin Counties, California. The creek bisects the community of Mountain House  and continues northeast to join the Old River, which was the original course of the San Joaquin River in the San Joaquin Valley of California.

San Joaquin Valley
The San Joaquin Valley (/ˌsæn hwɑːˈkiːn/ ⓘ SAN whah-KEEN; Spanish: Valle de San Joaquín) is the southern half of California's Central Valley. Famed as a major breadbasket, the San Joaquin Valley is an important source of food, producing a significant part of California's agricultural output.

San Joaquin Valley draws from nine counties of Northern and Central California, including all of San Joaquin and Kings counties, most of Stanislaus, Merced, and Fresno counties, and parts of Madera and Tulare counties, along with a majority of Kern County. Although the valley is predominantly rural, it has four densely populated urban centers:  Stockton/Modesto, Fresno, Porterville/Visalia, and Bakersfield.
Markarian 478
Markarian 478 also known as MRK 478, is a Seyfert 1 galaxy located in the constellation of Boötes. The redshift of the galaxy is (z) 0.079, giving it a distance of about 1 billion light-years from Earth. It was first discovered in 1974 by astronomers from Arecibo Observatory via a 1000-foot radio telescope. It displays doubly ionized iron emission lines in its spectrum and is classified as a radio-quiet quasar.

Boötes
Boötes (/boʊˈoʊtiːz/ boh-OH-teez) is a constellation in the northern sky, located between 0° and +60° declination, and 13 and 16 hours of right ascension on the celestial sphere. The name comes from Latin: Boōtēs, which comes from Ancient Greek: Βοώτης, romanized: Boṓtēs 'herdsman' or 'plowman' (literally, 'ox-driver'; from βοῦς boûs 'cow').

One of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, Boötes is now one of the 88 modern constellations. It contains the fourth-brightest star in the night sky, the orange giant Arcturus. Epsilon Boötis, or Izar, is a colourful multiple star popular with amateur astronomers. Boötes is home to many other bright stars, including eight above the fourth magnitude and an additional 21 above the fifth magnitude, making a total of 29 stars easily visible to the naked eye.
Mabu'im
Mabu'im (Hebrew: מבועים, lit. 'Springs') is a community settlement in southern Israel. Located in the north-western Negev desert near Netivot and Rahat, it falls under the jurisdiction of Merhavim Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,238.

Netivot
Netivot (Hebrew: נתיבות, lit. 'Paths') is a city located in the Southern District of Israel, located 8 miles (13 kilometers) southeast of Sderot and 19 miles (31 kilometers) northwest of Beersheba. In 2023 it had a population of 52,877.
Everybody's Old Man
Everybody's Old Man is a 1936 American comedy film directed by James Flood and starring Irvin S. Cobb, Rochelle Hudson, Johnny Downs and Norman Foster. The film was produced and distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was originally conceived as a starring vehicle for Will Rogers, who died in a plane crash the previous year. The screenplay was based on the short story The Adopted Father by Edgar Franklin, previously adapted into the 1933 film The Working Man by Warner Brothers.

The Working Man
The Working Man is a 1933 pre-Code American comedy film starring George Arliss and Bette Davis,  and directed by John G. Adolfi. The screenplay by Charles Kenyon and Maude T. Howell is based on the story The Adopted Father by Edgar Franklin. The film is preserved in the Library of Congress collection.