hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Family Waqf
Private or family waqf (Arabic: وقف أهلي (ذري)) involves dedicating the principal (asset) and allocating its benefit to the waqif's (founder’s) descendants, offspring, or specified individuals, exclusively or alongside others. The waqf can be established using terms such as "offspring," "descendants," "posterity," or "family and kin". This type of waqf differs from other social support systems due to its unique social solidarity. However, it may be revoked if it harms the heirs. Some countries regulate family waqf by limiting the waqif to dedicating no more than one-third of their wealth. Family waqf contributes to enhancing educational standards, reducing unemployment, and balancing public expenditure, among other benefits.

Central Waqf Council
Central Waqf Council  is an Indian statutory body operated by the Government of India under The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025, a subordinate of the Waqf Act, 1995.

The Waqf boards in the Indian subcontinent were formed in 1913 during the British rule. The Mussalman Waqf Act 1923 was established for the purpose of advising it on matters pertaining to the working of the State Waqf Boards and proper administration of the Waqfs in the country. Waqf is a permanent dedication of movable or immovable properties given by philanthropists for religious, pious or charitable purposes as recognized by Muslim Law. The grant is known as mushrut-ul-khidmat, while a person making such dedication is known as Wakif.
Protein structural phylogenetics
Protein structural phylogenetics (or Structural phylogenetics) is the branch of molecular evolution that incorporates three dimensional information from protein structure to understand phylogenetic relationships, and translates those evolutionary insights into understanding protein structure and function. 
Protein structures are robust over long evolutionary time scales compared with amino acid sequence.
The number of protein sequences that can fold into a given structure is astronomical, with one study estimating even a small protein structure with fewer than 100 amino acids can be attained by a number of sequences that exceeds the Avogadro constant.
These properties make structures useful for understanding deep evolutionary relationships, where sequences have become saturated with mutations and share very low levels of similarity.

Molecular evolution
Molecular evolution describes how inherited DNA and/or RNA change over evolutionary time, and the consequences of this for proteins and other components of cells and organisms. Molecular evolution is the basis of phylogenetic approaches to describing the tree of life. Molecular evolution overlaps with population genetics, especially on shorter timescales. Topics in molecular evolution include the origins of new genes, the genetic nature of complex traits, the genetic basis of adaptation and speciation, the evolution of development, and patterns and processes underlying genomic changes during evolution.
Democracy Wall
From November 1978 to December 1979, thousands of people put up "big character posters" on a long brick wall of Xidan Street, Xicheng District of Beijing, to protest about the political and social issues of China; the wall became known as the Democracy Wall of Xidan (Chinese: 西单民主墙; pinyin: Xīdān mínzhǔ qiáng). Under acquiescence of the Chinese government, other kinds of protest activities, such as unofficial journals, petitions, and demonstrations, were also soon spreading out in major cities of China. This movement can be seen as the beginning of the Chinese Democracy Movement. It is also known as the "Democracy Wall Movement". This short period of political liberation was known as the Beijing Spring.

Classical Marxism
Classical Marxism is the body of Marxian economics and Marxist theory expounded by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in their works. It is contrasted with orthodox Marxism, Marxism–Leninism, and autonomist Marxism which emerged after their deaths. The core concepts of classical Marxism include alienation, base and superstructure, class consciousness, class struggle, exploitation, historical materialism, ideology, revolution; and the forces, means, modes, and relations of production. Marx's political praxis (application of theory), including his attempt to organize a professional revolutionary body in the First International, often served as an area of debate for subsequent theorists.
2025 Tour de Romandie Féminin
The 2025 Tour de Romandie Féminin was the 4th edition of the Tour de Romandie Féminin road cycling stage race, which was part of the 2025 UCI Women's World Tour. It began on 15 August in Huémoz and finished on 17 August in Aigle.

The race was won by Swiss rider Elise Chabbey of FDJ–Suez. Five teams did not take part in the race, following a refusal to participate in a GPS tracking technology test.

2025 UCI Women's World Tour
The 2025 UCI Women's World Tour was a competition with twenty-seven road cycling events throughout the 2025 women's cycling season. The competition began with the Women's Tour Down Under from 17 to 19 January, and finished with the Tour of Guangxi on 19 October. It was the tenth edition of the UCI Women's World Tour – launched by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) in 2016 – but for the first time was not a ranking competition in its own right, with the rankings having been removed from the UCI's Road Race regulations.

At the end of the season, Dutch rider Demi Vollering of FDJ–Suez led the overall road world rankings ahead of Dutch rider Lorena Wiebes of Team SD Worx–Protime (who won five World Tour events, the most of any rider) and Swiss rider Marlen Reusser of Movistar Team.
Islam in Mongolia
As of 2022, Islam in Mongolia, is practiced by approximately 5.4% of those who identify with a religion, according to the USCIRF. Given that 59.4 percent of the population reported having a religious identity in the 2020 census, Muslims constitute roughly 3.2 percent of the total population It is practised by the ethnic Kazakhs of Bayan-Ölgii Province (88.7% of total aimag population) and Khovd Province (11.5% of total aimag population, living primarily in the Khovd city, Khovd district, and Buyant district) in western Mongolia. In addition, a number of small Kazakh communities can be found in various cities and towns spread throughout the country. Islam is also practiced by the smaller communities of Khotons and Uyghurs.

Some Mongolian Muslims fused elements from Buddhism into their beliefs, even thinking of the Buddha as synonymous to Adam, the first prophet in Islam, although this does not happen in modern times.

Uvs Province
Uvs Province (/ˈʊfs/ UUFS) is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia. It is located in the west of the country, 1,336 kilometres or 830 miles away from the national capital, Ulaanbaatar. Its capital is Ulaangom, which lies 936 metres or 3,070 feet above sea level.

The province is named after Mongolia's biggest lake, Uvs Lake.
2017 Big Ten men's lacrosse tournament
The 2017 Big Ten Men's Lacrosse Tournament was held May 4 and May 6 at Jesse Owens Memorial Stadium in  Columbus, Ohio. The winner of the tournament received the Big Ten Conference's automatic bid to the 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship. Four teams from the Big Ten conference competed in the single elimination event. The seeds were determined based upon the teams' regular season conference record. Maryland repeated as tournament champions, beating Ohio State 10-9.

2017 NCAA Division I men's lacrosse tournament
The 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship was played on Memorial Day weekend in May 2017 at Gillette Stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts.

This was the 47th annual single-elimination tournament to determine the national championship for National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I men's college lacrosse.

Seventeen teams competed in the tournament, based upon their performance during the regular season. For nine teams entry into the tournament was by means of a conference tournament automatic qualifier, eight teams received at-large selections.

Maryland won their 3rd NCAA title, defeating Ohio State 9-6. This was Maryland's first national title since 1975.

Matt Rambo led the Terps to their long delayed next national title, in the Terps third straight championship game.
Kessler Stadium
Kessler Stadium is a 4,200-seat football and track stadium in West Long Branch, New Jersey.  It was built in 1993 and is home to the Monmouth University Hawks.

Kessler Stadium underwent a renovation prior to the start of the 2017 football season that saw the seating capacity expand to more than 4,200 seats, including 800+ chair backs. A new brick facade complements the design of the OceanFirst Bank Center and the seating stretches end zone to end zone. Kessler Stadium is home to a press box and multimedia center on the third fourth, a main concourse at ground level which is home to the Brockriede Family Concessions and the Austin Family Box Office. On the second floor, the Doherty Family Deck hosts Monmouth Athletics Blue-White Club events.

The first home football game in Monmouth's history was on September 25, 1993, against Sacred Heart University.

West Long Branch, New Jersey
West Long Branch is a borough situated within the Jersey Shore region, in Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 8,587, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 490 (+6.1%) from the 2010 census count of 8,097, which in turn reflected a decline of 161 (−1.9%) from the 8,258 counted in the 2000 census. West Long Branch is the home of Monmouth University.
Arrondissements of the Seine-et-Marne department
The 5 arrondissements of the Seine-et-Marne department are:

Arrondissement of Fontainebleau, (subprefecture: Fontainebleau) with 85 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 156,450 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Meaux, (subprefecture: Meaux) with 139 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 342,766 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Melun, (prefecture of the Seine-et-Marne department: Melun) with 59 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 289,693 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Provins, (subprefecture: Provins) with 174 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 186,339 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Torcy, (subprefecture: Torcy) with 50 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 462,852 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Torcy
The arrondissement of Torcy is an arrondissement of France in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region. It has 50 communes. Its population is 462,852 (2021), and its area is 382.5 km2 (147.7 sq mi).
Tetsuji Hashiratani
Tetsuji Hashiratani (柱谷 哲二, Hashiratani Tetsuji; born July 15, 1964) is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for Japan national team. His elder brother Koichi Hashiratani is also a former footballer.

Tokyo Verdy
The Tokyo Verdy 1969 (東京ヴェルディ1969, Tōkyō Berudi) is a professional football club based in Tokyo, Japan. They compete in the J1 League, the top tier of Japanese football.the inaugural champions of the J1 League.
2014 GP de Plouay
The 2014 GP de Plouay was the 14th running on the GP de Plouay, a women's road race in Plouay, France. It was held on 30 August 2014 over a distance of 135 kilometres (83.9 miles) and was the ninth and final race of the 2014 UCI Women's Road World Cup season.

2014 UCI Women's Road World Cup
The 2014 UCI Women's Road World Cup is the 17th edition of the UCI Women's Road World Cup and part of the 2014 UCI women's calendar. One race was added compared to the 2013 edition: the German Giro Bochum. This race was already on the women's calendar since 2001 as 1.1 category race.
Schafflund
Schafflund (Danish: Skovlund, North Frisian: Schaflün) is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approximately 16 km west of Flensburg.

Schafflund is the seat of the Amt ("collective municipality") Schafflund.

Schleswig-Flensburg
Schleswig-Flensburg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃleːsvɪç ˈflɛnsbʊʁk] ⓘ; Danish: Slesvig-Flensborg) is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, Dithmarschen and Nordfriesland, the Region Syddanmark in Denmark, the city of Flensburg and the Baltic Sea.
1925 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
The 1925 International Lawn Tennis Challenge was the 20th edition of what is now known as the Davis Cup. Sixteen teams would enter the Europe Zone, while 9 would enter the America Zone. Portugal, Poland and Sweden competed for the first time.

France defeated Australia in the Inter-Zonal play-off, but would fall to the United States in the Challenge Round. The final was played at the Germantown Cricket Club in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States on 11–13 September.

Germantown Cricket Club
The Germantown Cricket Club is a private social and sports club in the Germantown neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was one of the four principal cricket clubs in the city and was one of the clubs contributing members to the Philadelphian cricket team. It was founded on August 10, 1854 in what is now the northwest section of the city, and is the nation's second oldest cricket club.

Its clubhouse was designed by architects McKim, Mead & White. Nowadays the club has facilities for cricket, tennis, squash, swimming, padel, and special events. The club's facilities are a designated National Historic Landmark.
Washington State Route 165
State Route 165 (SR 165) is a state highway in Pierce County, Washington, United States. It travels north–south along the Carbon River between Mount Rainier National Park near Mowich Lake to a junction with SR 410 in Buckley. The highway passes through the towns of Carbonado and Wilkeson and also intersects SR 162 near South Prairie. SR 165 is the only state highway in Washington to include an unpaved section.

State highways in Washington
The State Highways of Washington in the U.S. state of Washington comprise a network of over 7,000 miles (11,270 km) of state highways, including all Interstate and U.S. Highways that pass through the state, maintained by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). The system spans 8.5% of the state's public road mileage, but carries over half of the traffic. All other public roads in the state are either inside incorporated places (cities or towns) or are maintained by the county.  The state highway symbol is a white silhouette of George Washington's head (whom the state is named after).
Pars El-Gölü Hotel
Pars El-Goli Hotel (Persian: هتل پارس ایل‌گلی) is a five star hotel with 179 rooms located near the El-Goli in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran. The hotel opened in 2002 as the Pars Hotels investment company.

El-Gölü
El Goli (Persian: ائل گلی, romanized: El Goli, Azerbaijani: ائل گؤلی, romanized: El Göli), also called Shah Goli (Persian: شاه گلی, romanized: Šāh Goli, Azerbaijani: شاه گؤلی, romanized: Şah Göli) is a large historic park (or garden) in the south east region of Tabriz, Iran. One of its main features is its large artificial lake, measuring approximately 55.000 m2/592.015 ft square.
Francis Scott Key Memorial
Francis Scott Key Memorial is a park and memorial located in the Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D.C., at the intersection of 34th and M Streets, NW. Established in 1993, this 0.77 acre (3,104 m²) site is administered by the National Park Service as a part of Rock Creek Park, but is not contiguous with that park. Situated adjacent to the northeast corner of the Francis Scott Key Bridge, the park abuts to Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Towpath.

Key Bridge (Washington, D.C.)
The Francis Scott Key Bridge, more commonly known as the Key Bridge, is a six-lane reinforced concrete arch bridge carrying U.S. Route 29 (US 29) across the Potomac River between the Rosslyn neighborhood of Arlington County, Virginia, and the Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. Completed in 1923, it is Washington's oldest surviving road bridge across the Potomac River.

Key Bridge was named for the poet Francis Scott Key, who wrote the words of the American national anthem "The Star-Spangled Banner". It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.
Galloping Thru
Galloping Thru is a 1931 American Western film directed by Lloyd Nosler and written by Wellyn Totman. The film stars Tom Tyler, Betty Mack, Alan Bridge, Si Jenks, Stanley Blystone and Gordon De Main. The film was released on December 5, 1931, by Monogram Pictures.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Maragheh observatory
The Maragheh observatory (Persian: رصدخانه مراغه), also spelled Maragha, Maragah, Marageh, and Maraga, was an astronomical observatory established in the mid 13th century under the patronage of the Ilkhanid Hulagu and the directorship of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, a Persian scientist and astronomer. The observatory is located on the west side of Maragheh, which is situated in today's East Azerbaijan Province of Iran. It was considered one of the most advanced scientific institutions in Eurasia because it was a center for many groundbreaking calculations in mathematics and astronomy. It housed a large collection of astronomical instruments and books and it served as an educational institution. It was also used as a model for the later Ulugh Beg Observatory in Samarkand, the Taqi al-Din observatory in Constantinople, and Jantar Mantar observatory in Jaipur.

University of Tabriz
The University of Tabriz (Persian: دانشگاه تبريز, Dāneshgāh-e Tabriz) is a public university located in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, with the fundamental aim of creating a center of excellence in higher education and research. It is one of the top five high-ranked universities in Iran and one of the ten most selective universities in the country. The University of Tabriz is the second-oldest university in Iran after the University of Tehran, and has the second largest campus area in the country which is the biggest academic institution in northwest of the country. The university is also a member of the Caucasus University Association.

Today, Funding for the University of Tabriz is provided by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. Admission to the university for Iranian applicants is through national entrance examination which is administered annually by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology and for international applicants through some exclusive regulations.
Sun god of Heaven
The Sun god of Heaven (Hittite: nepišaš Ištanu) was a Hittite solar deity. He was the second-most worshipped solar deity of the Hittites, after the Sun goddess of Arinna. The Sun god of Heaven was identified with the Hurrian solar deity, Šimige.

From the time of Tudḫaliya III, the Sun god of Heaven was the protector of the Hittite king, indicated by a winged solar disc on the royal seals, and was the god of the kingdom par excellence. From the time of Suppiluliuma I (and probably earlier), the Sun god of Heaven played an important role as the foremost oath god in interstate treaties.

As a result of the influence of the Mesopotamian Sun god Šamaš, the Sun god of Heaven also gained an important role as the god of law, legality, and truth.

Solar deity
A solar deity or sun deity is a deity who represents the Sun or an aspect thereof. Such deities are usually associated with power and strength. Solar deities and Sun worship can be found throughout most of recorded history in various forms. The English word sun derives from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ. The Sun is sometimes referred to by its Latin name Sol or by its Greek name Helios.
2012–13 Croatian Second Football League
The 2012–13 Druga HNL (also known as 2. HNL) is the 22nd season of Croatia's second level football competition since its establishment in 1992. The season started on 18 August 2012 and is expected to end on 1 June 2013.

NK Dugopolje were league champions and earned a place in Croatia's first division, but were unable to complete all the requirement necessary for top league license. None of the teams from 2011–12 season were promoted to 1. HNL.

2011–12 Croatian Second Football League
The 2011–12 Druga HNL (also known as 2. HNL) was the 21st season of Croatia's second level football competition since its establishment in 1992. HNK Gorica were league champions and earned a place in Croatia's first division, which was later denied after getting their top level license revoked. Second placed NK Lučko were the only promoted team at the end of the previous season. The competition started on 19 August 2011 and ended on 20 May 2012.
Publius Suillius Rufus
Publius Suillius Rufus was a Roman senator who was active during the Principate. He was notorious for his prosecutions during the reign of Claudius; and he was the husband of the step-daughter of Ovid. Rufus was suffect consul in the nundinium of November-December 41 as the colleague of Quintus Ostorius Scapula.

Rufus was the son of Vistilia; the name of his father has not been recorded. His half-brothers include Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo, consul of 39, and his half-sister was Milonia Caesonia.

Nundinium
Nundinium was a Latin word derived from the word nundinum, which referred to the cycle of days observed by the Romans. During the Roman Empire, nundinium came to mean the duration of a single consulship among several in a calendar year.
Apple Children of Aeon
Apple Children of Aeon (Japanese: 千年万年りんごの子, Hepburn: Sennen Mannen Ringo no Ko) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Ai Tanaka. It was serialized in Kodansha's Kodansha's josei manga magazine Itan from December 2011 to February 2014, with its chapters collected in three tankōbon volumes.

Kono Manga ga Sugoi!
Kono Manga ga Sugoi! (このマンガがすごい!; "This Manga Is Amazing!") is an annual reference mook series published by Takarajimasha since 2005 featuring yearly rankings and reviews of manga. The rankings are compiled by surveying professionals in the manga and publishing industry. The first two years saw two separate versions of Kono Manga ga Sugoi! published; one covering manga for men, and one covering manga for women. Since 2007, only one book covering both demographics together has been published. The series is part of Takarajimasha's other mook series, including Kono Eiga ga Sugoi!, which focuses on film; Kono Mystery ga Sugoi!, which focuses on mystery novels; and Kono Light Novel ga Sugoi!, which focuses on light novels.
Peduncle (botany)
In botany, a peduncle is a stalk supporting an inflorescence or a solitary flower, or, after fertilisation, an infructescence or a solitary fruit. The peduncle sometimes has bracts (a type of cataphyll) at nodes. The main axis of an inflorescence above the peduncle is the rachis, which hosts flowers (as opposed to directly on the peduncle).

When a peduncle arises from the ground level, either from a compressed aerial stem or from a subterranean stem (rhizome, tuber, bulb, corm), with few or no bracts except the part near the rachis or receptacle, it is referred to as a scape.

The acorns of the pedunculate oak are borne on a long peduncle, hence the name of the tree.

Bulb
In botany, a bulb is a short underground stem with fleshy leaves or leaf bases that function as food storage organs during dormancy. In gardening, plants with other kinds of storage organ are also called ornamental bulbous plants or just bulbs.