hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Equestrian events at the Summer Olympics
Equestrian sports were first included in the Olympic Games in the Summer Olympics of 1900 in Paris. They were again included in 1912, and have been included in every subsequent edition of the Games. Currently, the Olympic equestrian disciplines are dressage, eventing, and show jumping. In each discipline, both individual and team medals are awarded. Since the XV Olympiad in Helsinki in 1952, women and men compete on equal terms.

It is the only Olympic event that involves animals. The horses are considered to be athletes as much as the riders.

The international governing body for equestrian sports is the Fédération Équestre Internationale. The first Olympics held under its authority were in 1924. Since that time, Germany has established itself as the leading power in equestrian competitions.

Canter and gallop
The canter and gallop are variations on the fastest gait that can be performed by a horse or other equine.  The canter is a controlled three-beat gait, while the gallop is a faster, four-beat variation of the same gait. It is a natural gait possessed by all horses, faster than most horses' trot, or ambling gaits.  The gallop is the fastest gait of the horse, averaging about 40 to 48 kilometres per hour (25 to 30 mph).  The speed of the canter varies between 16 and 27 kilometres per hour (10 and 17 mph) depending on the length of the horse's stride.  A variation of the canter, seen in western riding, is called a lope, and is generally quite slow, no more than 13–19 kilometres per hour (8–12 mph).
Geist
Geist (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaɪst] ⓘ) is a German noun with a significant degree of importance in German philosophy. Geist can be roughly translated into three English meanings: ghost (as in the supernatural entity), spirit (as in the Holy Spirit), and mind or intellect. Some English translators resort to using "spirit/mind" or "spirit (mind)" to help convey the meaning of the term.

Geist is also a central concept in Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's 1807 The Phenomenology of Spirit (Phänomenologie des Geistes). Notable compounds, all associated with Hegel's view of world history of the late 18th century, include Weltgeist (German: [ˈvɛltˌɡaɪ̯st] ⓘ, "world-spirit"), Volksgeist ("national spirit") and Zeitgeist ("spirit of the age").

Friedrich Carl von Savigny
Friedrich Carl von Savigny (21 February 1779, in Frankfurt am Main – 25 October 1861, in Berlin) was a German legal scholar (jurist) and legal historian. He served as professor of jurisprudence and was rector of the University of Berlin in 1812–1813. Savigny was also a member of the Prussian State Council and, from 1842 to 1848, Minister of State for Legal Reform (Staatsminister für Gesetzesrevision). He is regarded as the founder of the Historical School of Law.
Militant accelerationism
Militant accelerationism, also called neo-fascist accelerationism, neo-Nazi accelerationism, or simply accelerationism, is a far-right and white supremacist ideology which aims to cause societal collapse and the creation of white ethnostates through intentionally exacerbating social conflict, especially through political violence. Militant accelerationists believe that modern society is irredeemable for reasons such as liberalism and multiculturalism. As such, they promote and perform acts such as terrorism, murder, assassination, and infrastructure sabotage, with the belief that such actions will help destroy the current system and allow for the creation of a new one built on white nationalism.

Mattias Gardell
Hans Bertil Mattias Gardell (born 10 August 1959) is a Swedish historian and scholar of comparative religion. In March 2006 he was appointed of the Nathan Söderblom Chair of Comparative Religion at Uppsala University, Sweden. He received the Lenin Award in 2009.
Battle of Kumyangjang-ni
The Battle of Kumyangjang-ni was a battle fought on January 25 to 27, 1951, at Geumyangjang-ri (present-day Geumyangjang-dong) by the 150th Division of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) and the Turkish Brigade of the United Nations Army. The conflict is also referred to as the Battle of Geumyangjang-ri and Hill 151 as of it initiation upon Hill 151.

Clay Blair
Clay Drewry Blair Jr. (May 1, 1925 – December 16, 1998) was an American journalist and author, best known for his books on military history.  Blair wrote some two dozen history books and hundreds of magazine articles that reached a popular audience.
Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge
The Institute of Astronomy (IoA) is the largest of the three astronomy departments in the University of Cambridge, and one of the largest astronomy sites in the United Kingdom. Around 180 academics, postdocs, visitors and assistant staff work at the department.

Research at the department is made in a number of scientific areas, including exoplanets, stars, star clusters, cosmology, gravitational-wave astronomy, the high-redshift universe, AGN, galaxies and galaxy clusters. This is a mixture of observational astronomy, over the entire electromagnetic spectrum, computational theoretical astronomy, and analytic theoretical research.

The Kavli Institute for Cosmology is also located on the department site. This institute has an emphasis on The Universe at High Redshifts. The Cavendish Astrophysics Group are based in the Battcock Centre, a building in the same grounds.

Cavendish Astrophysics Group
The Cavendish Astrophysics Group (formerly the Radio Astronomy Group) is based at the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge. The group operates all of the telescopes at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory except for the 32m MERLIN telescope, which is operated by Jodrell Bank.

The group is the second largest of three astronomy departments in the University of Cambridge.
Pál Reizer
Pál Reizer (January 6, 1943 — April 18, 2002) was a Romanian cleric, bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Satu Mare. Born into an ethnic Hungarian family in Túrterebes (Turulung), Satu Mare County, he studied at the Roman Catholic Theological Institute of Alba Iulia and was ordained a priest in 1967 by Áron Márton. Under the communist regime, he was a chaplain at the parish in Sighetu Marmației, secretary at the Satu Mare diocese and a priest at a nunnery. In 1988, he was named parish priest at Sighetu Marmației. In 1990, after the fall of the regime, he was consecrated a bishop by Francesco Colasuonno, serving until his death. During his years as bishop, the diocese's institutions experienced an intellectual and spiritual revival. He died of diabetes; his funeral was held at the cathedral in Satu Mare and he was buried in the city's Roman Catholic cemetery.

Áron Márton
Áron Márton (28 August 1896 – 29 September 1980) was an ethnic Hungarian Roman Catholic prelate who served as the Bishop of Alba Iulia from his appointment in late 1938 until his resignation in 1980. He served as a prelate during a tumultuous period that included World War II and the emergence of a communist regime in Romania. He was even meant to become a cardinal but refused the honor when he learnt that another Romanian prelate would not be elevated into the cardinalate with him.

The organization Yad Vashem honored him on 27 December 1999 as a Righteous Among the Nations for his efforts to stop the deportation of Romanian and Hungarian Jews during the course of World War II.

Márton's cause for beatification opened on 17 November 1992 under Pope John Paul II and he is titled as a Servant of God. On 18 December 2024, Pope Francis noted his heroic virtue and declared him venerable.
Valdemar Eiberg
Valdemar Eiberg (23 August 1892 – 4 July 1965) was a Danish jazz musician.

Eiberg formed what is thought to be the first Danish jazz orchestra in 1923, and in 1924, his ensemble recorded the earliest known examples of Danish jazz, "I've Got a Cross-Eyed Papa" b/w "In Bluebird Land".

Eiberg's band became a launching pad for musicians who came to prominence in the Golden Age of Danish Jazz, including Kai Ewans, Kjeld Bonfils, Leo Mathisen, Peter Rasmussen, and Svend Asmussen.

Leo Mathisen
Leo "The Lion" Mathisen (10 October 1906 – 16 December 1969) was a Danish jazz pianist, composer, arranger, singer and bandleader. He was a leading figure of the thriving Danish scene during the years around World War II—a period which has been labelled the Golden Age of Danish Jazz—and he is considered to be one of the most significant and original jazz musicians of his day.

Mathisen's main source of inspiration was Fats Waller, both his piano play and his singing, but the later years of his career saw some bebop influence. His most famous tracks are "Take It Easy" and "To Be or Not to Be". His nickname is a reference to his first name as well as MGM's mascot Leo the Lion. He is also remembered for his characteristic appearance with his flat, centrally parted hair, his thin moustache and, most notably, his fondness of large cigars.
Sponsored Content (album)
Sponsored Content is the second studio album of Canadian producer Tristan Douglas, known by his stage name as Antwood. Released on September 8, 2017 by the label Planet Mu, Sponsored Content is about "subversive advertising" and how commonplace it is in the media, and references to advertising slogans and companies pop up at random to make the listener aware he is being advertised. The album also has more content based on Douglas' personal experiences than his previous Antwood album Virtuous.scr (2016). The album was critically well-received for how it handled dark subject matter humorously.

Self-referential humor
Self-referential humor, also known as self-reflexive humor, self-aware humor, or meta humor, is a type of comedic expression that—either directed toward some other subject, or openly directed toward itself—is self-referential in some way, intentionally alluding to the very person who is expressing the humor in a comedic fashion, or to some specific aspect of that same comedic expression. Here, meta is used to describe that the joke explicitly talks about other jokes, a usage similar to the words metadata (data about data), metatheatrics (a play within a play as in Hamlet) and metafiction. Self-referential humor expressed discreetly and surrealistically is a form of bathos. In general, self-referential humor often uses hypocrisy, oxymoron, or paradox to create a contradictory or otherwise absurd situation that is humorous to the audience.
Robert E. W. Hancock
Robert Ernest William Hancock OC OBC FRSC (born March 23, 1949) is a Canadian microbiologist and University of British Columbia Killam Professor of Microbiology and Immunology, an Associate Faculty Member of the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, and a Canada Research Chair in Health and Genomics.

Over his career he has published more than 800 papers and reviews, has 72 patents awarded, and is an ISI highly cited author in Microbiology with more than 113,000 citations and an h-index of 168. He has won several awards and is an Officer of the Order of Canada. He is a co-founder of Migenix, Inimex Pharmaceuticals, ABT Innovations, Sepset Biotherapeutics, and the Centre for Drug Research and Development. He serves as a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for Qu Biologics.

Order of British Columbia
The Order of British Columbia is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Instituted in 1989 by Lieutenant Governor David Lam, on the advice of the Cabinet under Premier Bill Vander Zalm, the order is administered by the Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former British Columbia residents for conspicuous achievements in any field, being thus described as the highest honour amongst all others conferred by the British Columbia Crown.
Flora of Borneo
The flora of Borneo include 15 species of dicot tree, 37 species of non-tree dicot and 49 species of monocot endemic to the rich forest of Brunei Darussalam. Borneo is also home to the world's largest flower, the "corpse flower" (Rafflesia arnoldii), which can reach nearly 3 feet (0.91 meters) in diameter and up to 15 pounds (6.8 kg) in weight. Borneo is the third largest island in the world and is divided between three countries: Brunei in the north, the Malaysian constituent states of Sarawak and Sabah, and the 5 Kalimantan provinces of Indonesia (note that in Indonesian, "Kalimantan" refers to the entire island of Borneo).

The tallest tropical trees of the world are in Borneo. They are in the family Dipterocarpaceae.

Rafflesia arnoldii
Rafflesia arnoldii is a species of flowering plant in the parasitic genus Rafflesia within the family Rafflesiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of Sumatra and Borneo.

It is commonly known as the corpse flower or giant padma.

It is noted for producing the largest individual flower on Earth. Although there are some plants with larger flowering organs like the titan arum (Amorphophallus titanum) and talipot palm (Corypha umbraculifera), those are technically clusters of many flowers.

It is noted to have a strong and unpleasant odour akin to that of decaying flesh.

Rafflesia arnoldii is one of the three national flowers in Indonesia, the other two being the white jasmine (Jasminum sambac) and moon orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis). It was officially recognised as a national "rare flower" (Indonesian: puspa langka) in Presidential Decree No. 4 in 1993.
Display motion blur
In modern displays, motion blur is an unwanted artifact caused primarily by:

Retinal blur resulting from your eyes continuously tracking discrete movement. While your eyes move, the object you're tracking remains stationary throughout each frame, causing it to "smear". This does not happen in real life where both move continuously.

Slow pixel response times, which lead to visible ghosting or smearing.

The faster the motion, the more pronounced the effect is.

Soap opera effect
The soap opera effect is a complaint against motion pictures with a high frame rate or shot on video as opposed to film stock. Images are denounced as "too realistic" or "too smooth" and therefore undesirable, especially for theatrical movies.

Conversely, some people praise such characteristics, especially for sports, news and video games due to superior ergonomics and fluidity onscreen.

The opposite effect is the film look, felt by some as desirable enough to imitate through "filmization" or film emulation.
2016 Algerian Super Cup
The 2016 Algerian Super Cup was the  10th edition of Algerian Super Cup, a football match contested by the winners of the 2015–16 Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1 and 2015–16 Algerian Cup competitions. The match was played on November 1, 2016, at Mustapha Tchaker Stadium in Blida between 2015-16 Ligue 1 winners USM Alger and 2015–16 Algerian Cup winners MC Alger.

Algerian Super Cup
The Algerian Super Cup (Arabic: كأس الجزائر الممتازة) is an Algerian football competition, held as a game between the reigning champions of the Algerian League and the Algerian Cup. The first edition was held in 1981 and then again in 1992, 1994 and 1995 before being scrapped. The game returned in 2006 but would be scrapped again after the 2007 edition, returning once again in 2013.

The current holders are MC Alger, who beat USM Alger in the 2025 final, played in January 2026. MC Alger is the most successful club in the competition, having won the trophy five times.
Musakhel District, Afghanistan
Musakhel District (Pashto: موسی خېل ولسوالۍ, Persian: ولسوالی موسی‌خیل) is situated in the northern part of the Khost Province, Afghanistan. The district is within the heartland of the Ahmadzai tribe of Ghilji Pashtuns. It borders with Paktia Province to the north, Sabari District to the east, Khost (Matun) District to the south, Nadir Shah Kot District to the southwest and Qalandar District to the west. The population is 36,300 (2006). The district center is the village of Musakhel in the northern part of the district.

Khost District
Khost District (Pashto: خوست ولسوالۍ), historically known as Matun, is a municipality situated in the central and southeastern part of Khost Province in Afghanistan. It has an estimated population of 170,615 people. The cit of Khost is within the district. Shaikh Zayed University is located to the northwest of the city, and Khost International Airport is situated about 15 km (9.3 mi) to the southwest in the neighboring Mandozayi District. The main road in the district is the Khost-Gardez Highway.
Bangkok Fashion City
Bangkok Fashion City was a campaign under the Ministry of Industry of Thailand. This 1.8-billion-baht program's purpose was to establish Bangkok as a regional fashion hub and eventually as a world fashion leader on the level of New York, Paris, and Milan. The project was initiated by the Thaksin administration in 2003. It was scrapped in 2006.

Ministry of Industry (Thailand)
The Ministry of Industry (Abrv: M-Industry; Thai: กระทรวงอุตสาหกรรม, RTGS: Krasuang Utsahakam) is a cabinet ministry in the Government of Thailand. The ministry is responsible for the promotion and regulation of industries.
1992 International League season
The 1992 International League season took place from April to September 1992.

The Columbus Clippers defeated the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre Red Barons to win the league championship. The 1992 Clippers were recognized on The National Baseball Association's top 100 minor league teams of all-time list, placing at #72.

Columbus Clippers
The Columbus Clippers are a Minor League Baseball team of the International League (IL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Cleveland Guardians. They are located in Columbus, Ohio, and are named for speedy merchant sailing vessels known as clippers. The team has played their home games at Huntington Park since 2009. They previously played at Cooper Stadium from 1977 to 2008.

The Clippers were established in 1977 as members of the Triple-A International League. In conjunction with Major League Baseball's reorganization of Minor League Baseball in 2021, the Clippers were shifted to the Triple-A East, but this was renamed the IL in 2022. They won seven IL championships during a 28-year affiliation with the New York Yankees (1979–2006). Columbus has won four more IL titles and two Triple-A championships since affiliating with Cleveland in 2009.
Marie-Line Reynaud
Marie-Line Reynaud (born 17 July 1954 in Barbezieux-Saint-Hilaire, Charente) is a French politician who was a deputy to the National Assembly of France for the second division of Charente department. She was first elected in 1997, lost her seat in 2002, regained it in 2007, then lost it again in 2017. Between her terms she served as a Member of the European Parliament for the west of France from 2004 to 2007.

Reynaud is a member of the Socialist Party, and sat with the Party of European Socialists in the European Parliament. She was a member of the Parliament's Committee on Constitutional Affairs and its Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality. She was also a substitute for the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs, a member of the delegation for relations with the Gulf States, including Yemen, and a substitute for the delegation for relations with the Korean Peninsula.

Charente
Charente (French: [ʃaʁɑ̃t] ⓘ; Saintongese: Chérente; Occitan: Charanta [tʃaˈɾantɔ]) is a department in the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France. It is named after the river Charente, the most important and longest river in the department, and also the river beside which the department's two largest towns, Angoulême and Cognac, are sited. In 2019, it had a population of 352,015.
Carnet B
Carnet B was a list of suspects kept by the French Third Republic government. It was created in 1886 by General Georges Ernest Boulanger to fight against espionage activities. Managed by the Ministry of the Interior, it was gradually extended to all individuals capable of disturbing public order or antimilitarists who could oppose national mobilization. On August 1, 1914, Interior Minister Louis Malvy decided not to implement it when the World War I broke out. At the end of the war, it was kept and taken back for general surveillance, especially of foreigners. It was repealed in 1947.

Antimilitarism
Antimilitarism (also spelt anti-militarism) is a doctrine that opposes war, relying heavily on a critical theory of imperialism and was an explicit goal of the First and Second International. Whereas pacifism is the doctrine that disputes (especially between countries) should be settled without recourse to violence, Paul B. Miller defines anti-militarism as "ideology and activities...aimed at reducing the civil power of the military and ultimately, preventing international war". Cynthia Cockburn defines an anti-militarist movement as one opposed to "military rule, high military expenditure or the imposition of foreign bases in their country". Martin Ceadel points out that anti-militarism is sometimes equated with pacificism—general opposition to war or violence, except in cases where force is deemed necessary to advance the cause of peace.
Monique Roy Verville
Monique Roy Verville (born April 27, 1961 in Verdun, Quebec) is a politician from Quebec, Canada. Her surname is "Roy Verville". She was an Action démocratique du Québec Member of the National Assembly for the electoral district of La Prairie from 2007 to 2008.

She was the owner of a daycare center in Cold Lake, Alberta as well as in a military base in Germany. She also worked on numerous occasions with people with disabilities.

She was first elected in the 2007 election with 34% of the vote. Parti Québécois candidate François Rebello finished second with 31% of the vote, followed by Liberal incumbent Jean Dubuc (29%).  Roy Verville took office on April 12, 2007. She was defeated in the 2008 election.

Roy Verville ran for the Conservative Party of Quebec in the 2012 election.

Jean Dubuc (politician)
Jean Dubuc (born March 8, 1941) is a businessman and former Quebec politician. He represented La Prairie in the Quebec National Assembly from 2003 to 2007 as a Liberal.

Born in Saint-Isidore, Quebec, the son of Antonio Dubuc and Marie-Jeanne Bouchard, he was educated in Delson. Dubuc served on the municipal council for Delson from 1976 to 1980. He was defeated when he ran for reelection in 2007.
Monticalia
Monticalia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.

Species include:

Monticalia angustifolia

Monticalia befarioides

Monticalia empetroides

Monticalia microdon

Monticalia micropachyphyllus

Monticalia mutisii

Monticalia myrsinites

Monticalia nitida

Monticalia peruviana

Monticalia pulchella

Monticalia rosmarinifolia

Monticalia stuebelii

Monticalia teretifolia

Monticalia angustifolia
Monticalia angustifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Avalon Series
The Avalon Series is a series of fantasy novels written by Marion Zimmer Bradley and Diana L. Paxson. Paxson took over sole authorship after Bradley's death in 1999. The series focuses on the legendary island of Avalon and the various women who have shaped its history and that of Britain.

Helena, mother of Constantine I
Flavia Julia Helena (/ˈhɛlənə/; Ancient Greek: Ἑλένη, Helénē; c. AD 246/248 – 330), also known as Helena of Constantinople and in Christianity as Saint Helena, was a Greek Augusta of the Roman Empire and mother of Emperor Constantine the Great as well as a Canonized saint in both Catholic and Orthodox Churches for her pivotal role in the spread of Christianity. She was born in the lower classes traditionally in the city of Drepanon, Bithynia, in Asia Minor, which was renamed Helenopolis.

Helena ranks as an important figure in the history of Christianity. In her final years, she made a religious tour of Syria Palaestina and Jerusalem, during which ancient tradition claims that she discovered the True Cross. The Eastern Orthodox Church, Catholic Church, Oriental Orthodox Churches, Anglican Communion, and the Lutheran Church revere her as a saint.