hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anton's Gowt
Anton's Gowt is a hamlet in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately 2 miles (3 km) north-west from the market town and port of Boston. It is the most southerly village within the East Lindsey district.

East Lindsey
East Lindsey is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England. Its council is based in Horncastle and the largest town is Skegness. Other towns include Alford, Burgh le Marsh, Coningsby, Louth, Mablethorpe, Spilsby, Sutton on Sea, Wainfleet All Saints, Wragby and Woodhall Spa. The district also covers a large rural area, including many smaller settlements.

The district lies on the east coast, bordering the North Sea. The north-west of the district includes part of the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The neighbouring districts are Boston, North Kesteven, West Lindsey and North East Lincolnshire.
Strollology
Strollology or Promenadology  is the science of strolling (German: Spaziergangswissenschaft) as a method in the field of aesthetics and cultural studies with the aim of becoming aware of the conditions of perception of the environment and enhancement of environmental perception itself.

Based on traditional methods in cultural studies as well as experimental practices like taking reflective walks and aesthetically interventions.

The term and special field of studies was created in the 1980s by the Swiss sociologist Lucius Burckhardt, who, at that time, was a professor at the University of Kassel, as an alternative to the technocratic centrally planned economy.

Strolling
Strolling is walking along or through at a leisurely pace.  Strolling is a pastime and activity enjoyed worldwide as a leisure activity.  The object of strolling is to walk at a slightly slower pace in an attempt to absorb the surroundings.

Works featuring the flâneur, French for a “strolling urban observer”, have appeared in European and American literature since the late 18th century.
San Wai stop
San Wai (Chinese: 新圍) is an at-grade MTR Light Rail stop located at Tin King Road in Tuen Mun District, near San Wai Court. It began service on 24 September 1988 and belongs to Zone 3. It serves San Wai Court.

Light Rail (MTR)
The Light Rail, also known as the Light Rail Transit (LRT) (and formerly known as KCR Light Rail until 2 December 2007), officially the North-West Railway, is a light rail system in Hong Kong, serving the northwestern New Territories, within Tuen Mun District and Yuen Long District. The system operates over 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge track, using 750 V DC overhead power supply. It was once one of four systems comprising the KCR network in Hong Kong, before the MTR–KCR merger in 2007. It has a daily ridership of about 483,000 people. The network is coloured goldenrod on the MTR map.
Central Training Institute Jabalpur
Central Training Institute (Hindi:केंद्रीय प्रशिक्षण संस्थान), popularly known as CTI Jabalpur, is located in Nayagaon, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. It is an apex engineering and civil service training institute of the Madhya Pradesh Poorv Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Company Ltd (MPPKVVCL), wholly owned by the Government of Madhya Pradesh. The institute provides technical and managerial training to assistant engineers, junior engineers, accounts officers, HR managers, office assistants, line men, and testing assistants.

The Institute was established in 2006 after the State Electricity Board split into two divisions, a Power Distribution Engineering division and a Management training Center for employees of MPPKVVCL. The Institute is recognised by the Indian Ministry of Power, and is a partner training institute of the Power Finance Corporation and the Rural Electrification Corporation. The institute is an ISO 9001:2008 certified training institute.

Total quality management
Total quality management (TQM) is an organization-wide effort to "install and make a permanent climate where employees continuously improve their ability to provide on-demand products and services that customers will find of particular value."

Total quality management (TQM) emphasizes that all departments, not just production (such as sales, marketing, accounting, finance, engineering, and design), are responsible for improving their operations. Management, in this context, highlights the obligation of executives to actively oversee quality through adequate funding, training, staffing, and goal setting.

Although there isn't a universally agreed-upon methodology, TQM initiatives typically leverage established tools and techniques from quality control. TQM gained significant prominence in the late 1980s and early 1990s before being largely superseded by other quality management frameworks, such as ISO 9000, Lean manufacturing, and Six Sigma.
Cascade merge sort
Cascade merge sort is similar to the polyphase merge sort but uses a simpler distribution.  The merge is slower than a polyphase merge when there are fewer than six files, but faster when there are more than six.

Polyphase merge sort
A polyphase merge sort is a variation of a bottom-up merge sort that sorts a list using an initial uneven distribution of sub-lists (runs), primarily used for external sorting, and is more efficient than an ordinary merge sort when there are fewer than eight external working files (such as a tape drive or a file on a hard drive). A polyphase merge sort is not a stable sort.
Paradoxa (fungus)
Paradoxa is a genus of truffles in the family Tuberaceae. Originally described by the Italian botanist Oreste Mattirolo in 1935, the genus remained monotypic until a second species P. gigantospora was transferred from Tuber in 2009.  A third species, P. sinensis, was also described, representing the second species from China. P. sinensis differs from P. gigantospora by having a somewhat smaller fruit body, and differs from P. monospora by having yellowish to yellow-brown ascomata.

Tuber (fungus)
Tuber is a genus in the fungal family Tuberaceae, with estimated molecular dating to the end of the Jurassic period (156 Mya). It includes several species of truffles that are highly valued as delicacies.
Frederick John Palmer
Frederick John Palmer (1901–1990) was a photographer and Associate of the Royal Photographic Society, who contributed to the National Buildings Record during the Second World War and, later, the National Monuments Record.

Historic England Archive
The Historic England Archive is the public archive of Historic England, located in The Engine House on Fire Fly Avenue in Swindon, formerly part of the Swindon Works of the Great Western Railway.

It is a public archive of architectural and archaeological records and holds over 12 million historic photographs, plans, drawings, reports, records and publications covering England's archaeology, architecture, social and local history. It is a dynamic collection, with records being added to this day. The PastScape website allows searching of over 420,000 records (as of 2016).
Gold Hill Depot
The Gold Hill Depot is a railroad depot in Gold Hill, Nevada. It was built for the Virginia and Truckee Railroad (V&T) for passengers and freight being transported to the booming Comstock Lode. The depot is located on a flat tract of land near the top of Gold Hill. Immediately past the railroad crossing, Highway 342 goes up a couple of hairpin turns to make its final ascent into Virginia City. Passing the depot, the V&T line wrapped around the hill that Fort Homestead was built on, originally going through a tunnel on its climb to Virginia City.

Nevada State Route 342
State Route 342 (SR 342) is a short state highway in Nevada, United States.  It is a loop route of State Route 341, running north through the communities of Silver City and Gold Hill before returning to State Route 341 near Virginia City. This highway is a historic route, dating back to the Comstock Lode of the 1860s. The highway loosely parallels, and crosses, the route of the Virginia and Truckee Railroad. Prior to renumbering in the 1970s this route was known as State Route 80.
GOD TV
GOD TV is a word of faith Christian media network that started in the United Kingdom. The network's main offices are located in Plymouth, England, UK, and Orlando, Florida, US. Regional offices are situated in India, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Kenya, Ghana and Australia.

GOD TV's original productions have won awards from the Christian Broadcasting Council of the UK. Its schedule has five regional variations: USA; UK & Europe; Africa; Asia and Australasia, each with local programming.

Proselytism
Proselytism (/ˈprɒsəlɪtɪzəm/ ⓘ) is the policy of attempting to convert people's religious beliefs. Carrying out attempts to instill beliefs can be called proselytization.

Proselytism is illegal in some countries. Some draw distinctions between Christian evangelism and proselytism, regarding proselytism as involuntary or coerced; the two terms can also be understood to merely be synonyms.
Ivy League (clothes)
Ivy League is a style of men's dress, also known as Ivy Style, popular during the late 1950s in the Northeastern United States, and said to have originated on college campuses, particularly those of the Ivy League. It was the predecessor to the preppy style of dress.

Chino cloth
Chino cloth (/ˈtʃiːnoʊ/ CHEE-noh) is a twill fabric originally made from pure cotton. The most common items made from it, trousers, are widely called chinos. Today it is also found in cotton-synthetic blends.

Developed in the mid-19th century for British and French military uniforms, it has since migrated into civilian wear. Trousers of such a fabric gained popularity in the U.S. when Spanish–American War veterans returned from the Philippines with their twill military trousers.
Vireux-Molhain National Nature Reserve
The Vireux-Molhain national nature reserve (RNN104) is a national nature reserve of geological and paleontological interest. It is located in the Pointe de Givet, department of Ardennes, on the border between France and Belgium. It covers an area of 1.82 ha. The site is known as Customs Wall (Mur des Douaniers) as it is near an old customs post. This outcrop of Middle Devonian shale (Eifelian: ± 397 million years) is notable for the quantity and good state of preservation of its fossils. Trilobites are well-represented.

National nature reserve (France)
A national nature reserve, in French réserve naturelle nationale, (RNN) is a protected area that is part of natural reserves of France (RNF) and whose status is defined by the law on local democracy of February 27, 2002. It is a tool for the long-term protection of spaces, species or geological objects. The duration of its protection is unlimited.
Peripteros
In Classical architecture, a peripteros (Ancient Greek: περίπτερος; see peripterous) is a type of ancient Greek or Roman temple surrounded by a portico with columns. It is surrounded by a colonnade (pteron) on all four sides of the cella (naos), creating a four-sided arcade, or peristyle (peristasis). By extension, it also means simply the perimeter of a building (typically a classical temple), when that perimeter is made up of columns. The term is frequently used of buildings in the Doric order.

Colonnade
In classical architecture, a colonnade is a long sequence of columns joined by their entablature, often free-standing, or part of a building. Paired or multiple pairs of columns are normally employed in a colonnade which can be straight or curved. The space enclosed may be covered or open. In St. Peter's Square in Rome, Bernini's great colonnade encloses a vast open elliptical space.

When in front of a building, screening the door (Latin porta), it is called a portico. When enclosing an open court, a peristyle. A portico may be more than one rank of columns deep, as at the Pantheon in Rome or the stoae of Ancient Greece.

When the intercolumniation is alternately wide and narrow, a colonnade may be termed "araeosystyle" (Gr. αραιος, "widely spaced", and συστυλος, "with columns set close together"), as in the case of the western porch of St Paul's Cathedral and the east front of the Louvre.
Dinkelberg
The Dinkelberg is a partially forested hill range, up to 536.2 m above sea level (NHN), about 145 km2 in area, in the High Rhine region of Germany. It lies within the counties of Lörrach and Waldshut in the German state of Baden-Württemberg and the Swiss canton of Basel-Stadt. It is on the southwestern edge of the Southern Black Forest, from which it is geologically distinct.

Lörrach (district)
Lörrach is a Landkreis (district) in the southwest of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald and Waldshut. To the west it borders the French département Haut-Rhin; to the south the Swiss cantons Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft and Aargau.
NOTAM
A NOTAM (ICAO & FAA: Notice to Airmen, CAA: Notice to Aviation) is a notice filed with an aviation authority to alert aircraft pilots of potential hazards along a flight route or at a location that could affect the flight. NOTAMs are notices or advisories that contain information concerning the establishment, conditions or change in any aeronautical facility, service, procedure or hazard, the timely knowledge of which may be essential to personnel and systems concerned with flight operations.

NOTAMs are created and transmitted by government agencies and airport operators under guidelines specified by Annex 15: Aeronautical Information Services of the Convention on International Civil Aviation (CICA). A NOTAM is filed with an aviation authority to alert aircraft pilots of any hazards en route or at a specific location, or Flight Information Region. The authority, in turn, provides a means of disseminating relevant NOTAMs to pilots.

Navigational aid
A navigational aid (NAVAID), also known as aid to navigation (ATON), is any sort of signal, markers or guidance equipment which aids the traveller in navigation, usually nautical or aviation travel.  Common types of such aids include lighthouses, buoys, fog signals, and day beacons.
Anna Mikhailovna Kaptsova
Anna Mikhailovna Kaptsova (June 4, 1860 – December 16, 1927), was a Russian industrialist and philanthropist. She was the president of the Kaptsov Trading Company from 1897. She founded a silk-weaving manufacturing business in the village of Fryazino.

Merchant guild (Russian Empire)
Merchant guild (Russian: купеческая гильдия) was a form of organization of merchants in the Russian Empire. Since the late 18th century, membership in a guild was virtually compulsory for a trader to have the formal status of merchant. The guild system ended formally in 1917.
2018 United States House of Representatives election in Vermont
The 2018 United States House of Representatives election in Vermont was held on November 6, 2018, to elect the U.S. representative from the state of Vermont from Vermont's at-large congressional district. The election coincided with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections. The primary elections were held on August 14. Peter Welch, a Democrat won reelection to a seventh term, defeating Republican Anya Tynio.

2018 Vermont elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Vermont on November 6, 2018. All of Vermont's executive officers were up for election, as well as Vermont's Class I Senate seat and at-large seat in the United States House of Representatives. Primary elections were held on August 14, 2018.
Denham Tracts
The Denham Tracts constitute a publication of a series of pamphlets and jottings on folklore, fifty-four in all, collected between 1846 and 1859 by Michael Aislabie Denham, a Yorkshire tradesman. Most of the original tracts were published with fifty copies (although some of them with twenty-five or even thirteen copies). The tracts were later re-edited by James Hardy for the Folklore Society and imprinted in two volumes in 1892 and 1895. It is possible that J.R.R. Tolkien took the word hobbit from the list of fairies in the Denham Tracts.

Pamphlet
A pamphlet is an unbound book (that is, without a hard cover or binding). Pamphlets may consist of a single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides and folded in half, in thirds, or in fourths, called a leaflet, or it may consist of a few pages that are folded and saddle stapled or sewn at the crease to make a simple book.

In the "International Standardization of Statistics Relating to Book Production and Periodicals", UNESCO defines a pamphlet as "a non-periodical printed publication of 5 to 48 pages, excluding covers, published in a specific country and available to the public," while a book is "a non-periodical printed publication of at least 49 pages, excluding covers." These definitions are intended solely for UNESCO's book production statistics.
Captain Mayuran (Saba)
Balasabapathy Thiyagarajah (Tamil: பாலசபாபதி தியாகராஜா), commonly known as Captain Mayuran (Tamil: கப்டன் மயூரன்) (1 November 1970 – 11 November 1993), was a member of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). He served as a security officer for LTTE leader Velupillai Prabhakaran and participated in various military operations during the Sri Lankan Civil War.

Battle of Pooneryn
The Battle of Pooneryn (LTTE code-named Operation Thavalai Paachchal (Frog Leap)) took place between the militant Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE or Tamil Tigers) and the Sri Lankan military during the Sri Lankan Civil War for control of the military base in Pooneryn in northern Sri Lanka from 11 November to 14 November 1993.

The LTTE launched a surprise attack, code-named Operation Thavalai (Frog), on the government-controlled area of Pooneryn, overrunning the garrison and capturing military hardware before withdrawing against military reinforcements introduced through sea borne landings.
Royal Anglesey Militia
The Royal Anglesey Militia, later the Royal Anglesey Royal Engineers (RARE) was an auxiliary regiment organised in the Welsh island county of Anglesey during the 18th Century from earlier precursor units. Primarily intended for home defence, it served in Britain and Ireland through all Britain's major wars. In 1877 it became a unit of the Royal Engineers (REs) and in this role detachments saw active service during the Second Boer War. It served as a Special Reserve unit in World War I, supplying several siege, railway and field engineer companies to the fighting fronts as well as training men for the REs. After 1921 the militia had only a shadowy existence until its final abolition in 1953.

Military colours, standards and guidons
In military organizations, the practice of carrying colours, standards, flags, or guidons, both to act as a rallying point for troops and to mark the location of the commander, is thought to have originated in Ancient Egypt some 5,000 years ago. The Roman Empire also made battle standards reading SPQR a part of their vast armies. It was formalized in the armies of Europe in the High Middle Ages, with standards being emblazoned with the commander's coat of arms.
Cultural pessimism
Cultural pessimism arises with the conviction that the culture of a nation, a civilization, or humanity itself is in a process of irreversible decline. It is a variety of pessimism formulated by a cultural critic.

Cultural critic
A cultural critic is a critic of a given culture, usually as a whole. Cultural criticism has significant overlap with social and cultural theory. While such criticism is simply part of the self-consciousness of the culture, the social positions of the critics and the medium they use vary widely. The conceptual and political grounding of criticism also changes over time.
Lispole
Lios Póil (anglicised as Lispole) is a Gaeltacht village in County Kerry, Ireland. It is on the Dingle Peninsula, 8 km east of the town of Dingle and 40 km west of Tralee on the N86 National Secondary Route.

Tralee
Tralee (/trəˈliː/ trə-LEE; Irish: Trá Lí, pronounced [t̪ˠɾˠaː(j) ˈl̠ʲiː]; formerly Tráigh Lí, meaning 'strand [of the River] Lee') is the county town of County Kerry in the south-west of Ireland. The town is on the northern side of the neck of the Dingle Peninsula, and is the largest town in County Kerry. The town's population was 26,079 as of the 2022 census, making it the 15th largest urban settlement in Ireland. Tralee is known for the Rose of Tralee International Festival, which has been held annually in August since 1959.
Misselwarden
Misselwarden (German pronunciation: [ˈmɪsl̩vaʁdn̩]; Low German: Misselwarrn) is a village and a former municipality in the district of Cuxhaven, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Since 1 January 2015 it is part of the municipality Wurster Nordseeküste.

Cuxhaven (district)
Cuxhaven is a district (Landkreis) in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the districts of Stade, Rotenburg, Osterholz and Wesermarsch, the city of Bremerhaven and the North Sea.
Conception, Minnesota
Conception is an unincorporated community in Highland Township, Wabasha County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located near the junction of Wabasha County Roads 14 and 18.

Nearby places include Wabasha, Kellogg, Theilman, and Plainview.  The community is located within the Richard J. Dorer Memorial Hardwood State Forest.

The community was named for the Catholic church, the Church of the Immaculate Conception, which was built in 1866 in section 10 of Highland Township.

Wabasha, Minnesota
Wabasha is a city and the county seat of Wabasha County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 2,559 at the time of the 2020 census. It is on the Mississippi River, near its confluence with the Zumbro River.
Customs Law Repeal Act 1825
The Customs Law Repeal Act 1825 (6 Geo. 4. c. 105), also known as the Customs' Laws' Repeal Act 1825, the Customs Repeal Act 1825 or the Customs Act 1825, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that repealed various enactments relating to customs in the United Kingdom from 1558 to 1823.

Record Commission
The Record Commissions were a series of six royal commissions of Great Britain and (from 1801) the United Kingdom which sat between 1800 and 1837 to inquire into the custody and public accessibility of the state archives. The commissioners' work paved the way for the establishment of the Public Record Office in 1838. The commissioners were also responsible for publishing various historical records, including the Statutes of the Realm (i.e. of England and Great Britain) to 1714 and the Acts of Parliament of Scotland to 1707, as well as a number of important medieval records.

Although the six commissions were technically distinct from one another, there was a considerable degree of continuity between them, and it is common practice to regard them as a single entity and to refer to them in singular form as the Record Commission.
God Is a Weapon
"God Is a Weapon" is a song by American rock band Falling in Reverse featuring American rock musician Marilyn Manson. The power ballad was released on May 20, 2025 by Epitaph Records. It was released as a standalone single, and was issued the same day Falling In Reverse announced a North American arena tour, titled the "God Is a Weapon Tour".

Wage War
Wage War is an American metalcore band formed in Ocala, Florida in 2010 under the name Empires. The band consists of lead vocalist Briton Bond, lead guitarist Seth Blake, rhythm guitarist and clean vocalist Cody Quistad, bassist Chris Gaylord, and drummer Stephen Kluesener.

The band has released five studio albums and one EP. The band self-released one EP, The Fall of Kings in 2011. In 2015, the band signed to Fearless Records. The band released their first studio album, Blueprints, on November 27, 2015. Their second studio album Deadweight was released on August 4, 2017. Their third studio album, Pressure, was released on August 30, 2019. Their fourth studio album, Manic, was released on October 1, 2021. Their fifth studio album, Stigma, was released on June 21, 2024.