hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pleistocene wolf
During the Pleistocene, wolves were widely distributed across the Northern Hemisphere. Some Pleistocene wolves, such as Beringian wolves and those from Japan, exhibited large body size in comparison to modern gray wolf populations. Genetic analysis of the remains of Late Pleistocene wolves suggest that across their range populations of wolves maintained considerable gene flow between each other and thus there was limited genetic divergence between them. Modern wolves mostly draw their ancestry from some Siberian populations of Late Pleistocene gray wolves, which largely replaced other gray wolf populations after the Last Glacial Maximum.

Georg August Goldfuss
Georg August Goldfuß (18 April 1782 – 2 October 1848) was a German palaeontologist, zoologist and botanist. He became a professor of zoology at the University of Erlangen and later at the University of Bonn. He coined the terms "protozoa" and "pelecypoda".
2012 Carolina RailHawks FC season
The 2012 Carolina RailHawks FC season was the sixth season of the club's existence. The RailHawks FC, played in the North American Soccer League, the second tier of the American soccer pyramid. The RailHawks are the defending NASL Regular Season Champions.

North Carolina FC
North Carolina FC is an American professional soccer team in Cary, North Carolina, a suburb of Raleigh, and member of the United Soccer League system. Founded in 2006, the team was known as the Carolina Railhawks.

On December 6, 2016, the RailHawks announced a name change to North Carolina Football Club in pursuit of becoming a Major League Soccer franchise. The club's home attendance record had been broken earlier that year when 10,125 attended a match against West Ham United of the English Premier League.

On November 4, 2025, the club announced it was suspending operations pending an application to join the future USL Premier in 2028.

The team has played its home games at the 10,000-seat WakeMed Soccer Park since 2007. The team's colors are Atlantic blue, cardinal red, and Southern gold.
NGC 1353
NGC 1353 is a flocculent spiral galaxy situated in the constellation of Eridanus. Located about 70 million light years away, it is a member of the Eridanus Cluster of galaxies, a cluster of about 200 galaxies. It was discovered by William Herschel on 9 December 1784.

NGC 1353 has a Hubble classification of SBb, which indicates it is a barred spiral galaxy. It is moving away from the Milky Way at 1547 km/s. Its size on the night sky is 3.4 by 1.4 arcminutes, which corresponds to a real size of 69,000 ly.

Eridanus Cluster
The Eridanus Cluster is a  galaxy cluster roughly 23 Mpc (75 Mly) from Earth, containing about 73 main galaxies and about 200 total galaxies. About 30% have Hubble classifications of elliptical or S0 and the remaining 70% are spiral or irregular. These galaxies reside in smaller groups which are all loosely gravitationally bound to each other, suggesting that the system is still condensing from the Hubble flow and may eventually form a cluster of about 1014 M☉. A low velocity dispersion compared to that of, for example, the Coma Cluster, supports this hypothesis. The Eridanus Cluster is located in the constellation Eridanus near the Fornax Cluster, and is sometimes called the "Fornax II Cluster".
Pa Finn
Patrick Finn (1936 – 16 February 2024) was an Irish hurler, selector and manager. He played at club level with St Finbarr's and at inter-county level with the Cork junior hurling team. Finn also served as manager at club and inter-county levels.

1977–78 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship
The 1977–78 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship was the eighth staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county club hurling tournament. The championship ran from 22 October 1977 to 27 March 1978.

Glen Rovers of Cork were the defending champions, however, they failed to qualify after being beaten by St Finbarr's in the 1977 Cork SHC final. Kilruane MacDonagh's of Tipperary and Sixmilebridge of Clare made their championship debut.

The All-Ireland final was played at Semple Stadium in Thurles on 27 March 1978, between St Finbarr's of Cork and Rathnure of Wexford, in what was a first championship meeting between the teams. St Finbarr's won the match by 2–07 to 0–09 and became the third team to win the title twice.

Éamonn Fitzpatrick was the championship's top scorer with 6–06.
Giting ng Pasig
The Giting ng Pasig (literally meaning "Bravery of Pasig" or "Valor of Pasig") is a local political organization based in Pasig, Philippines. The group has made a name for itself by promoting progressive policies and advocating for genuine change within the city.

Robert Jaworski Jr.
Robert Vincent Jude "Dodot" Bautista Jaworski Jr. (born October 14, 1971) is a Filipino politician, businessman, and former professional basketball player currently serving as the vice mayor of Pasig since 2022. He previously served as the Representative of Pasig's lone district from 2004 to 2007 and was a councilor of San Juan, Metro Manila from 1995 to 1998.

Jaworski played for Ginebra/Gordon's franchise of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) from 1996 to 1998. At Ginebra, he was teammates with his father, player-coach Robert Jaworski Sr. and won a PBA championship: the 1997 Commissioner's Cup.
2014 Hamilton, Ontario, municipal election
The 2014 Hamilton municipal election was a municipal election that occurred on October 27, 2014, to select one mayor, fifteen members of the Hamilton City Council and members of both English and French Public and Catholic School Boards. As per the Ontario Municipal Elections Act, nominations opened on January 2, 2014, and closed on September 12, 2014. Four new councillors were elected in open seats across Hamilton while all incumbents who stood for re-election had returned to office. Though marked by a steep decline in voter turnout, this election was historic, as it saw the election of Hamilton's first openly gay and first radicalized members of city council.

The Hamilton Spectator
The Hamilton Spectator, founded in 1846, is a newspaper published weekdays and Saturdays in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. One of the largest Canadian newspapers by circulation, The Hamilton Spectator is owned by Torstar.
Riohacha Municipality
Riohacha Municipality (Spanish pronunciation: [rjoˈatʃa]) is located on the Caribbean region of Colombia of La Guajira Department, Colombia. It extends over 3,120 km2 and has an urban part divided into 10 Communes, 14 Corregimientos and 8 Resguardos Indígenas. 7 of the indigenous regions belong to the Wayuu and one in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta region shared by the Kogi, the Wiwa, and the Ijka, a subtribe of the Arhuaco people.

Riohacha is 1,121 km north of Bogotá.  The municipality is located in the southwestern part of La Guajira Department and is bordered by the municipality of Dibulla to the west, the Caribbean Sea to the northwest,  the municipality of Manaure to the north, the Municipalities of Maicao and Albania to the east, the municipalities of Hatonuevo, Barrancas, Distracción, Fonseca to the southeast and San Juan del Cesar to the south.

Hatonuevo
Hatonuevo (Spanish pronunciation: [atoˈnweβo]), Spanish for New Herd, Is a town and municipality of the Colombian Department of La Guajira. A municipality of the La Guajira Department since 1994, it has a population of approximately 17,014 inhabitants, the majority of which being workers of El Cerrejon coal mine.

The town has an extension of 347 km2 and is located an altitude of 50 meters above sea level with an average temperature of 28 °C throughout the year. It is 75 km away from the capital of La Guajira Department, Riohacha.
Face Off season 8
The eighth season of the Syfy reality television series Face Off premiered on January 13, 2015. This season was won by Darla Edin of Minneapolis, Minnesota.

The theme this season is "Return of the Champions".  Three former winners Season 2 - Rayce Bird, Season 4 - Anthony Kosar, and Season 5 - Laura Dandridge will guide teams of five to victory. In the end, Laura earned her second win on this show in this season.

Prizes for this season include US$100,000, a 2015 Fiat, and a VIP trip to one of Kryolan's makeup locations.

Face Off season 5
The fifth season of the Syfy reality television series Face Off premiered on August 13, 2013. The season features 16 prosthetic makeup artists competing against each other to create makeup effects. This is the first season to feature the return of eight prior contestants competing against eight new contestants. The grand prize for the fifth season is a VIP trip from Kryolan to one of their 85 locations, a 2013 Fiat 500, and $100,000. This is the second season where a contestant voluntarily left the competition, with the first being Season 3.  Laura Dandridge of Orlando, Florida, was the winner of the season.
KK Čačak 94
Košarkaški klub Čačak '94 (Serbian Cyrillic: Кошаркашки клуб Чачак '94), commonly referred to as KK Čačak 94 or Čačak 94 Quantox due to sponsorship reasons, is a men's professional basketball club based in Čačak, Serbia. The club currently participates in the Basketball League of Serbia.

Second Basketball League of Serbia
Second Men's League of Serbia (Serbian Cyrillic: Друга мушка лига Србије, romanized: Druga muška liga Srbije), previously Basketball League of Serbia B, is the second-tier level men's professional basketball league in Serbia. Founded in 2006, it is run by the Basketball Federation of Serbia (KSS).
12th Army (Russian Empire)
The 12th Army was a field army of the Imperial Russian Army during World War I that fought on the Eastern Front.

The army was formed from reconstituted units of the 2nd Army that was virtually destroyed in the Battle of Tannenberg and corps taken from the 1st and 10th Armies.

Its field headquarters was established in January 1915.In August 1915, the entire staff of the 12th Army was replaced by that of the 13th Army, which itself ceased to exist. The unit was assigned to the Northwestern Front and later to the Northern Front, being disbanded by the end of 1917.

2nd Army (Russian Empire)
The Russian 2nd Army (2-я армия, 2А) was an army-level command of the Imperial Russian Army in World War I. It was formed just prior to the outbreak of hostilities from the units of Warsaw Military District and was mobilized in August 1914. The army was effectively destroyed at Battle of Tannenberg in August 1914.  However, it was rebuilt soon thereafter and fought until almost the end of the war.
Elsie Leung
Elsie Leung Oi-sie, GBM, JP (Chinese: 梁愛詩; born 24 April 1939) is a Hong Kong politician and solicitor. She was Secretary for Justice of Hong Kong from 1997 to 2005 and a member of the Executive Council of Hong Kong.

Grand Bauhinia Medal
The Grand Bauhinia Medal (Chinese: 大紫荊勳章) is the highest award under the Hong Kong honours and awards system;  it is to recognise the selected person's lifelong and highly significant contribution to the well-being of Hong Kong. The awardee is entitled to the postnominal letters GBM and the style The Honourable.  The award was created in 1997 to replace the British honours system, following the transfer of sovereignty to the People's Republic of China and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The list was empty from 2003 to 2004. Bauhinia, Bauhinia blakeana, is the floral emblem of Hong Kong.
Melothria pringlei
Melothria pringlei is a species of flowering plant in the cucurbit family, with a native range spanning Mexico to Honduras. It was first described by Sereno Watson in 1890 and placed in the genus Apodanthera, but was reclassified as belonging to the genus Melothria in 1954 by Raul Martinez Crovetto. Melothria pringlei has a prostrate habit, with scabrous stems that root where they touch the ground. Its leaves are scabrous and lobed, and grow 1–3 in (2.5–7.6 cm) in length, with a slightly smaller width. It is a monoecious species, with each plant producing both male (staminate) and female (pistillate) flowers, which are small.

Melothria
Melothria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cucurbitaceae, native to the Americas from the United States to Argentina, and with some introductions in Africa and elsewhere. A number of Old World species formerly in Melothria were reassigned to Cucumis.
Kokeshi
Kokeshi (こけし, 小芥子) are simple wooden Japanese dolls with no arms or legs that have been crafted for more than 150 years as a toy for children. Originally from the Tohoku region in northern Honshu, kokeshi are handmade from wood, having a simple trunk and head with a few thin, painted lines to define the face. The body often has floral and/or ring designs painted in red, black, and sometimes green, purple, blue, or yellow inks, and covered with a layer of wax. Since the 1950s, kokeshi makers have signed their work, usually on the bottom and sometimes on the back.

Miyagi Prefecture
Miyagi Prefecture (宮城県, Miyagi-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.ja.ɡʲi, -ŋʲi, mʲi.ja.ɡʲiꜜ.keɴ, -ŋʲiꜜ-]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Miyagi Prefecture has a population of 2,265,724 (1 August 2023) and has a geographic area of 7,282 km2 (2,812 sq mi). Miyagi Prefecture borders Iwate Prefecture to the north, Akita Prefecture to the northwest, Yamagata Prefecture to the west, and Fukushima Prefecture to the south.

Sendai is the capital and largest city of Miyagi Prefecture, and the largest city in the Tōhoku region, with other major cities including Ishinomaki, Ōsaki, and Tome. Miyagi Prefecture is located on Japan's eastern Pacific coast  and bounded to the west by the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, with 24% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Miyagi Prefecture is home to Matsushima Islands, a group of islands ranked as one of the Three Views of Japan, near the town of Matsushima.
1990 Kremlin Cup
The 1990 Kremlin Cup, also known by its sponsored name Bayer Indoor Kremlin Cup, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 1st edition of the Kremlin Cup, and was part of the World Series of the 1990 ATP Tour. It took place at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Russia, from 5 November through 12 November 1990. Only men were involved in singles and doubles - it became a joint event in 1996.

1990 ATP Tour
The 1990 IBM ATP Tour was the first season of the ATP Tour, the newly formed single world tennis circuit which came in replacing the two dual tours the ITF Grand Prix Circuit and WCT Circuit. It was the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals. In 1990 the IBM ATP Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Tour World Championships, the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series and the ATP World Series. The World Team Cup, Davis Cup (organized by the ITF) and Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF) are included in this calendar but did not count towards the Tour.
PDS 70
PDS 70 (V1032 Centauri) is a very young T Tauri star in the constellation Centaurus. Located 370 light-years (110 parsecs) from Earth, it has a mass of 0.76 M☉ and is approximately 5.4 million years old. The star has a protoplanetary disk containing two nascent exoplanets, named PDS 70b and PDS 70c, which have been directly imaged by the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, as well as a 3rd unconfirmed one. PDS 70b was the first confirmed protoplanet to be directly imaged.

Protoplanetary disk
A protoplanetary disk is a rotating circumstellar disc of dense gas and dust surrounding a young newly formed  star, a T Tauri star, or Herbig Ae/Be star. The protoplanetary disk may not be considered an accretion disk; while the two are similar, an accretion disk is hotter and spins much faster; it is also found on black holes, not stars. This process should not be confused with the accretion process thought to build up the planets themselves. Externally illuminated photo-evaporating protoplanetary disks are called proplyds.
Taiwan bullfinch
The Taiwan bullfinch (Pyrrhula owstoni) is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae. It is endemic to the mountains of Taiwan. It was previously considered a subspecies of the grey-headed bullfinch (P. erythaca) and most authorities consider it as such, but a 2020 study found it to represent a distinct species that diverged from the mainland Asian P. erythaca during the mid-Pleistocene, and the International Ornithological Congress accepted it as such.

Grey-headed bullfinch
The Grey-headed bullfinch (Pyrrhula erythaca), Gray-headed bullfinch, or Beavan's Bullfinch is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae.

It is found in Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, and Nepal. Its natural habitats are boreal forest and temperate forest.
Frank Feller
Frank Feller (1848–1908) was a Swiss artist who settled in England and made a career as an illustrator and painter. He was particularly well known as a painter of military scenes and as a painter of postcards.

Wash (visual arts)
A wash is a term for a visual arts technique resulting in a semi-transparent layer of colour. A wash of diluted ink or watercolor paint applied in combination with drawing is called pen and wash, wash drawing, or ink and wash. Normally only one or two colours of wash are used; if more colours are used the result is likely to be classified as a full watercolor painting.

The classic East Asian tradition of ink wash painting uses black ink in various levels of dilution. Historically associated with the four arts of the scholar-officials, the technique was often applied to landscapes in traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Korean painting.
Baduanjin qigong
The Baduanjin qigong (八段錦) is one of the most common forms of Chinese qigong used as exercise. Variously translated as Eight Pieces of Brocade, Eight-Section Brocade, Eight Silken Movements or Eight Silk Weaving, the form's name refers to how its eight movements characterize and impart a silken quality, like that of brocade, to the body and its energy. In contrast to religious and martial forms of qigong, the Baduanjin is primarily designated as a form of medical qigong, meant to improve health. However, this categorization does not preclude the form's use by martial artists as a supplementary exercise, which is frequent.

Qi
In the Sinosphere and Chinese philosophy, qi (/ˈtʃiː/ CHEE; simplified Chinese: 气; traditional Chinese: 氣; pinyin: qì) is a vital force traditionally believed to be a part of all living entities. Literally meaning 'vapor', 'air', 'gas', or 'breath', the word qi is polysemous, often translated as 'vital energy', 'vital force', 'material energy', or simply 'energy'. Qi is also a concept in traditional Chinese medicine and in Chinese martial arts. The attempt to cultivate and balance qi is called qigong.

Believers in qi describe it as a vital force, with one's good health requiring its flow to be unimpeded. Originally prescientific, today it is a pseudoscientific concept, i.e. not corresponding to the concept of energy as used in the physical sciences.

Chinese gods and immortals, especially anthropomorphic gods, are sometimes thought to have qi and be a reflection of the microcosm of qi in humans, both having qi that can concentrate in certain body parts.
Vandenberg Launch Complex 576A
34°44′22″N 120°37′09″W﻿ / ﻿34.73944°N 120.61917°W﻿ / 34.73944; -120.61917

Launch Complex 576A, also known as Area 576, is a group of rocket launch pads at Vandenberg Air Force Base. The pads at the complex were used from 1959 until 1971 to launch SM-65 Atlas missiles. The site was also known as Complex ABRES. Pads in Area 576A include 576-A-1,2,3

The first operational launch of an Atlas missile by the Strategic Air Command was conducted from 576-A-2 by the 576th Strategic Missile Squadron on September 9, 1959. It impacted 4,480 nautical miles (8,300 km) away, near Wake Island.

The three launch sites are:

576A-1 34°46′36″N 120°36′6″W﻿ / ﻿34.77667°N 120.60167°W﻿ / 34.77667; -120.60167

576A-2 34°46′26″N 120°35′18″W﻿ / ﻿34.77389°N 120.58833°W﻿ / 34.77389; -120.58833

576A-3 34°46′39″N 120°35′48″W﻿ / ﻿34.77750°N 120.59667°W﻿ / 34.77750; -120.59667

Vandenberg Space Force Base
Vandenberg Space Force Base (IATA: VBG, ICAO: KVBG, FAA LID: VBG), previously Vandenberg Air Force Base, is a United States Space Force Base in Santa Barbara County, California. Established in 1941, Vandenberg Space Force Base is a space launch base, launching spacecraft from the Western Range, and also performs missile testing. The United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 30 serves as the host delta for the base, equivalent to an Air Force air base wing. In addition to its military space launch mission, Vandenberg Space Force Base also hosts space launches for civil and commercial space entities, such as NASA and SpaceX.
Sack of Youghal
The sack of Youghal was the capture of the English-held town of Youghal by Irish rebel forces under the command of the Gerald FitzGerald, the 14th Earl of Desmond on 13 November 1579 as part of the Second Desmond Rebellion. Youghal, a town in the Irish province of Munster, was controlled by the English, making it a target to Irish rebel forces during the rebellion. FitzGerald led an Irish rebel force which captured the city, massacred the English Army garrison, and sacked the town. After news of the sack became known, numerous reprisals were carried out on Catholic non-combatants throughout Ireland.

Ard na Caithne
Ard na Caithne (Irish pronunciation: [ˈaːɾˠd̪ˠ n̪ˠə ˈkahnʲə]; meaning "height of the arbutus/strawberry tree"), sometimes known in English as Smerwick, is a bay and townland in County Kerry in Ireland. One of the principal bays of Corca Dhuibhne, it is located at the foot of an Triúr Deirfiúr and Mount Brandon. Bounded by the villages of Baile an Fheirtéaraigh, Baile na nGall and Ard na Caithne itself, the area is what has been known as the Fíor-Ghaeltacht, or "true Gaeltacht" (an area in which the Irish language is the official and principal language).
N. Imperato
Nino Imperato (born c. 1890s), normally known just as N. Imperato, was a stamp forger based in Genoa, Italy in the early 1920s.

Like Francois Fournier, Imperato promoted his forgeries as facsimiles available to the collector at a fraction of the cost of the real thing. His house journal, Il-Fac-simile, went through at least nineteen editions between 1920 and 1922. Amongst other content the journal included two short articles by fellow forger (or distributor of forgeries) Angelo Panelli.

Angelo Panelli
Angelo Panelli (c. 1887 – c. 1967) was an Italian stamp forger, operating from Sanremo in the 1920s and 1930s.

Panelli was closely associated with other Italian forgers of the period, particularly Erasmo Oneglia.
Excluded point topology
In mathematics, the excluded point topology is a topology where exclusion of a particular point defines openness.  Formally, let X be any non-empty set and p ∈ X.  The collection

of subsets of X is then the excluded point topology on X.  There are a variety of cases which are individually named:

If X has two points, it is called the Sierpiński space. This case is somewhat special and is handled separately.

If X is finite (with at least 3 points), the topology on X is called the finite excluded point topology

If X is countably infinite, the topology on X is called the countable  excluded point topology

If X is uncountable, the topology on X is called the uncountable excluded point topology

A generalization is the open extension topology; if  has the discrete topology, then the open extension topology on  is the excluded point topology.

This topology is used to provide interesting examples and counterexamples.

Discrete space
In topology, a discrete space is a particularly simple example of a topological space or similar structure, one in which the points form a discontinuous sequence, meaning they are isolated from each other in a certain sense. The discrete topology is the finest topology that can be given on a set. Every subset is open in the discrete topology so that in particular, every singleton subset is an open set in the discrete topology.