hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Half hat
A half hat (also sometimes half-hat) is a millinery design in which the hat covers part of the head. Generally, the design is close-fitting, in the manner of the cloche, and frames the head, usually stopping just above the ears. It may be similar to a halo hat in the way that it frames the face and can be worn straight or at an angle.

The half-hat is said to have been created by the French-born and US-based milliner Lilly Daché, who won an award for the design in 1941.

Cloche hat
The cloche hat or simply cloche (pronunciationⓘ) is a fitted, bell-shaped hat for women that was invented in 1908 by milliner Caroline Reboux. They were especially popular from about 1922 to 1933. Its name is derived from cloche, the French word for "bell".

The popularity and influence of cloche hats was at its peak during the early twentieth century. Couture houses like Lanvin and Molyneux opened ateliers to join milliners in manufacturing hats that precisely matched their clothing designs.  The hats even shaped hairstyles: the Eton crop – the short, slicked-down cut worn by Josephine Baker – became popular because it was ideal to showcase the hats' shape.
Trace radioisotope
A trace radioisotope is a radioisotope that occurs naturally in trace amounts (i.e. extremely small). Generally speaking, trace radioisotopes have half-lives that are short in comparison with the age of the Earth, since primordial nuclides tend to occur in larger than trace amounts. Trace radioisotopes are therefore present only because they are continually produced on Earth by natural processes. Natural processes which produce trace radioisotopes include cosmic ray bombardment of stable nuclides, ordinary alpha and beta decay of the long-lived heavy nuclides, thorium-232, uranium-238, and uranium-235, spontaneous fission of uranium-238, and nuclear transmutation reactions induced by natural radioactivity, such as the production of plutonium-239 and uranium-236 from neutron capture by natural uranium.

Isotopes of silicon
Silicon (14Si) has 25 known isotopes, with mass number ranging from 22 to 46. 28Si (the most abundant isotope, at 92.24%), 29Si (4.67%), and 30Si (3.07%) are stable. The longest-lived radioisotope is 32Si, which occurs naturally in tiny quantities from cosmic ray spallation of argon. Its half-life has been determined to be approximately 157 years; it beta decays with energy 0.21 MeV to 32P, which in turn beta-decays, with  half-life 14.269 days to 32S; neither step has gamma emission. After 32Si, 31Si has the second longest half-life at 157.2 minutes. All others have half-lives under 7 seconds.
Charles Ross (Ross-shire MP, born 1721)
Charles Ross (1721–1745) was a Scottish soldier and Member of Parliament.

He was the second son of George Ross, 13th Lord Ross and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of William Kerr, 2nd Marquess of Lothian. In 1732 he succeeded his great-uncle General Charles Ross to the estate of Balnagown.

He joined Colonel Douglas's regiment of marines as a second lieutenant in 1739, and became lieutenant and captain in the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards in 1741. That year he was elected to Parliament for Ross-shire.

He was killed at the Battle of Fontenoy in 1745. Balnagown passed to his father.

William Kerr, 2nd Marquess of Lothian
Lieutenant-General William Kerr, 2nd Marquess of Lothian, KT (1661 – 28 February 1722) was a Scottish peer who held a number of minor military and political offices. He was known by the courtesy title of Lord Newbattle until 1692, when he succeeded as Lord Jedburgh, then as Marquess of Lothian when his father died in 1703.
North Bonnevoie-Verlorenkost
North Bonnevoie-Verlorenkost (French: Bonnevoie-Nord/Verlorenkost [bɔnvwa nɔʁ fɛʁlɔʁənkɔst]; Luxembourgish: Bouneweg-Nord/Verluerekascht [ˌbəʊ̯nəveːɕ ˌnoχt fɐˈlu̯əʀəkɑʃt]; German: Bonneweg-Nord/Verlorenkost [ˌbɔnəveːk ˌnɔʁt fɛɐ̯ˈloːʁənkɔst]) is a district in southern Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg.  Within the district lies some of the area of Bonnevoie, most of which lies in the district of South Bonnevoie.

As of 31 December 2025, the district has a population of 4,581 inhabitants.

Districts of Luxembourg City
Districts (French: quartiers; Luxembourgish: Quartierën) are the administrative divisions of Luxembourg City, the capital and largest city in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

There are currently 24 districts, covering the commune of Luxembourg City in its entirety.  They are:
Alade Aminu
Abdul Wahab "Alade" Aminu Listenⓘ(born September 14, 1987) is a Nigerian-American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets, before playing professionally in France, Turkey, Italy, Israel, and Lebanon. In 2015–16, he was the top rebounder in the Israel Basketball Premier League.

2015–16 Israeli Basketball Super League
The 2015–2016 Israeli Basketball Super League was the 62nd season of the Israeli Basketball Super League. The regular season started on October 11, 2015, and ended on March 6, 2016. The last game was played on June 9, 2016.

This season, the league had a different format. After the eight best teams qualified for the Playoffs, the winners of the series would play in a Final Four tournament.

Hapoel Jerusalem was the defending champion. Hapoel failed to reclaim its title, because Maccabi Rishon LeZion won in the Final. It was the first championship ever for Rishon LeZion.
Washington State Route 131
State Route 131 (SR 131, commonly called Woods Creek Road and Cispus Road) is a short 2.07-mile (3.33 km) Washington state highway in Lewis County, extending from the northern terminus of Forest Route 25 (FR 25) at the boundary of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest to U.S. Route 12 (US 12) in Randle. The current route first appeared on a map in 1924 and became SR 131 in 1991, but an earlier SR 131 existed in the Ellensburg area from 1964 until 1975, when it was replaced by US 97.

State highways in Washington
The State Highways of Washington in the U.S. state of Washington comprise a network of over 7,000 miles (11,270 km) of state highways, including all Interstate and U.S. Highways that pass through the state, maintained by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). The system spans 8.5% of the state's public road mileage, but carries over half of the traffic. All other public roads in the state are either inside incorporated places (cities or towns) or are maintained by the county.  The state highway symbol is a white silhouette of George Washington's head (whom the state is named after).
Command and control regulation
Command and Control (CAC) regulation finds common usage in academic literature and beyond. The relationship between CAC and environmental policy is considered in this article, an area that demonstrates the application of this type of regulation. However, CAC is not limited to the environmental sector and encompasses a variety of different fields.

Regulatory capture
In politics, regulatory capture (also called agency capture) is a form of corruption of authority that occurs when a political entity, policymaker, or regulator is co-opted to serve the commercial, ideological, or political interests of a minor constituency, such as a particular geographic area, industry, profession, or ideological group.

When regulatory capture occurs, a special interest is prioritized over the general interests of the public, leading to a net loss for society. The theory of client politics is related to that of rent-seeking and political failure; client politics "occurs when most or all of the benefits of a program go to some single, reasonably small interest (e.g., industry, profession, or locality) but most or all of the costs will be borne by a large number of people (for example, all taxpayers)".
Hooghly Ghat railway station
Hooghly Ghat railway station is a small railway station in Hooghly district in the state of West Bengal. It is situated in the Naihati - Bandel Branch line. Its code is HYG. It serves Hooghly city. The station consists of two platforms, neither of which are well sheltered. It is raised on an elevated platform connecting the districts of Hooghly and Nadia via the Sampriti Bridge or Jubilee Bridge in the earlier years. It lacks water drinking stations and basic sanitation requirements.

Naihati Junction railway station
Naihati Junction is a  Kolkata Suburban Railway  junction station on the Sealdah–Naihati line and Naihati–Bandel link. It is located in North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.  It serves Naihati and the surrounding areas including East Naihati, West Naihati, Gouripur, and Rajendrapur.
Beggarstown School
The Beggarstown School, built c. 1740, is a historic school in Beggarstown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, now part of the Mount Airy neighborhood. It is a rare example of a school building from the colonial era.

Beggarstown
Philadelphia portal

Beggarstown or Bettelhausen was a small community that was located in the present day neighborhood of Mount Airy in Northwest Philadelphia in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.  It centered primarily along a stretch of relatively flat land along Germantown Avenue roughly between Upsal Street and Gorgas Lane.
Savage Skies
Savage Skies is a 2002 combat flight simulator video game developed by iRock Interactive and published by BAM! Entertainment in North America, Success in Japan and Bigben Interactive in Europe. The game is set in a fictional dark fantasy world and is accompanied by a heavy metal inspired soundtrack.

The game was originally conceived as a licensed tie-in game endorsed by heavy metal musician Ozzy Osbourne, but licensing difficulties and the impact of the September 11, 2001 attacks on the entertainment industry forced iRock to retool the game and release it without the Osbourne branding.

Combat flight simulation game
Combat flight simulators are vehicle simulation games, amateur flight simulation computer programs used to simulate military aircraft and their operations. These are distinct from dedicated flight simulators used for professional pilot and military flight training which consist of realistic physical recreations of the actual aircraft cockpit, often with a full-motion platform.

Combat flight simulation titles are more numerous than civilian flight simulators due to the variety of subject matter available and market demand. Many free flight simulators, such as the open source Linux Air Combat, Falcon 4.0, Digital Combat Simulator and Rise of Flight, can be downloaded for free off the Internet.
Italian Paraguayans
Italian Paraguayans (Italian: italo-paraguaiani; Spanish: ítalo-paraguayos; Guarani: itália-paraguaiguakuéra) are one of the most prominent ethnic group in Paraguay, consisting of Paraguayan-born citizens who are fully or partially of Italian descent, whose ancestors were Italians who emigrated to Paraguay during the Italian diaspora, or Italian-born people in Paraguay. Italian immigration to Paraguay has been one of the largest migration flows this South American country has received.

Italians in Paraguay are the second-largest immigrant group in the country after the Spaniards. The Italian embassy calculates that nearly 40% of the Paraguayans have recent and distant Italian roots: about 3,000,000 Paraguayans are descendants of Italian emigrants to Paraguay. Over the years, many descendants of Italian immigrants came to occupy important positions in the public life of the country, such as the presidency of the republic, the vice-presidency, local administrations and congress.

José Patricio Guggiari
José Patricio Guggiari Corniglione (17 March 1884 – 30 October 1957) was a Paraguayan politician who served as the 32nd president of Paraguay from 1928 to 1932. A member of the Liberal Party, he won the first free and fair elections in Paraguay history.

During his presidency, there was popular discontent over his handling of the Chaco dispute with Bolivia, as well as the role of his bodyguards in the killing of 11 people at a student rally protesting Guggiari.
Żary
Żary ([ˈʐarɨ] ⓘ; Lower Sorbian: Žarow, pronounced [ˈʒarɔw]; German: Sorau, pronounced [ˈzoːʁaʊ] ⓘ) is a town in western Poland with 37,502 inhabitants (2019), situated in the Lubusz Voivodeship. It is the administrative seat of the Żary County and of the Gmina Żary within the county, though the town is not part of the gmina (commune).

Żary is located in the east of the historic Lower Lusatia region, in the borderland with the Silesian lowlands and Greater Poland, roughly outlined by the Bóbr and Oder rivers. The city is one of the biggest economic and tourist centers in the southern Lubuskie region and the largest town in the Polish part of Lusatia, and is also referred as its unofficial capital. The city, whose history dates back more than 1000 years, features many historic sites.

Bundesautobahn 15
Bundesautobahn 15 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 15, short form Autobahn 15, abbreviated as BAB 15 or A 15) is an autobahn in eastern Germany. It is one of the original Reichsautobahns and connected Breslau to Berlin, via Wrocław (Breslau) and Görlitz. It connects Germany and Poland. A 15 is part of European route E36.
James Dickson (priest)
James Dickson was an Irish Anglican Dean.

Dickson was born in England. He was Dean of Elphin from 1757 until 1768; and Dean of Down from 1768 unil his death in 1787.

His son was Bishop of Down and Connor from 1784 to until 1804.

Dean of Down
The Dean of Down is based in The Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, Downpatrick within the Diocese of Down and Dromore of the Church of Ireland.

The current incumbent is T. Henry Hull.
Pontypridd Cottage Hospital
Pontypridd Cottage Hospital (Welsh: Ysbyty Bwthyn Pontypridd) is a health facility on Hospital Road, in Pontypridd, Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales. It is managed by the Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board.

Pontypridd
Pontypridd (/ˌpɒntɪˈpriːð/ PON-tih-PREEDH, Welsh: [ˌpɔntəˈpriːð]), colloquially referred to as Ponty, is a town and a community in Rhondda Cynon Taf, South Wales, approximately 10 miles (16 km) north west of Cardiff city centre.
2003 North Devon District Council election
The 2003 North Devon District Council election took place on 1 May 2003 to elect members of North Devon District Council in Devon, England. The whole council was up for election with boundary changes since the last election in 1999 reducing the number of seats by 1. The Liberal Democrats stayed in overall control of the council.

1999 North Devon District Council election
The 1999 North Devon District Council election took place on 6 May 1999 to elect members of North Devon District Council in Devon, England. The whole council was up for election and the Liberal Democrats stayed in overall control.
2012 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship squads
This article lists the squads for the 2012 CONCACAF Under-20 Women's Championship held in Panama. The 8 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 20 players; only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament.

Players marked (c) were named as captain for their national squad. Number of caps, players' club teams and players' age as of 1 March 2012 – the tournament's opening day.

2012 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship
The 2012 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship was the sixth edition of the CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship. The final tournament was hosted by Panama from 1 to 11 March 2012.
All matches were played at the Estadio Rommel Fernández. The top three teams of the 2012 tournament earned qualification to the 2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup. The tournament was won by the United States, who defeated Canada in the final, 2–1. Mexico secured the final qualification position by defeating Panama in the third place match, 5–0.
S2 Records
Sony S2 Records, formerly named as S2 Records and Sony Soho Square (typeset as Sony Soho2), was a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment (SME), which operated as a record label in the 1990s and early 2000s.

Sony Soho Square was named after its location at London's Soho Square, with Lincoln Elias (who went on to become the Managing Director of Virgin Records in 2006 and now works with PMR Records) being the founder of the label. It was later headed by Muff Winwood, brother of musician Steve Winwood, who had worked at CBS Records/Sony Music Entertainment since the later 1970s.

Sony S2 featured bands and singers such as Jamiroquai, Des'ree, Reef, Jimmy Ray and others.

In 2004 after SME and BMG (the original major label Bertelsmann Music Group) merged, Sony S2 was dissolved into Sony BMG Music Entertainment UK. At this point many of the bands on Sony S2 were dropped, with Jamiroquai's records going on to be released on the Sony BMG label, with marketing taken on by Columbia Records.

Bertelsmann Music Group
Bertelsmann Music Group (BMG) was a division of a German media company Bertelsmann before its relaunch and completion of sale of the majority of its assets to Sony Corporation of America on 1 October 2008.

Although it was established in 1987, the music company was formed as RCA/Ariola International in 1985 as a joint venture to combine the music label activities of RCA's RCA Records division and Bertelsmann's Ariola Records and its associated labels which include Arista Records. It consisted of the BMG Music Publishing company, the world's third largest music publisher and the world's largest independent music publisher and (since August 2004) the 50% share of the joint venture with Sony Music, which established the German American Sony BMG from 2004 to 2008.
Wilburton station (Sound Transit)
Wilburton station is an elevated Link light rail station in Bellevue, Washington, United States. It is served by the 2 Line, part of Sound Transit's Link light rail system, and opened in April 2024 as part of the line's starter segment. The station serves the area immediately east of Downtown Bellevue, including Lake Bellevue and the Overlake Hospital Medical Center.

Eastside Rail Corridor
The Eastside Rail Corridor, officially Eastrail, is a rail right of way where a rail trail has been under development in the Eastside suburbs of Seattle, Washington.  The corridor follows the path of the former Woodinville Subdivision from Renton to the City of Snohomish at Snohomish Junction.
Autobiogeography
Autobiogeography is a self-referential map or other geographic document created by the subject. It is a convergence of autobiography and geography that indicates geolocation of personal experiences such as travel, personal migration or important experiences. The first use of autobiogeography documented online was in the Summer 2002 Reconstruction.org academic peer review journal. The technique was popularized in 2005 by internet trends encouraging social mapping and personal mapping.

An autobiogeography can take many forms, from formal anthropological study to loose, intimate autobiogeographies found on social mapping websites. Unlike autobiographies, broad celebrity is less important than relevance to a small social circle or to oneself. For this reason, an interesting subject for an autobiogeography may be someone relatively unknown.

Map
A map is a symbolic depiction of interrelationships, commonly spatial, between things within a space. A map may be annotated with text and graphics. Like any graphic, a map may be fixed to paper or other durable media, or may be displayed on a transitory medium such as a computer screen. Some maps change interactively. Although maps are commonly used to depict geographic elements, they may represent any space, real or fictional. The subject being mapped may be two-dimensional such as Earth's surface, three-dimensional such as Earth's interior, or from an abstract space of any dimension.

Maps of geographic territory have a very long tradition and have existed from ancient times. The word "map" comes from the medieval Latin: Mappa mundi, wherein mappa meant 'napkin' or 'cloth' and mundi 'of the world'. Thus, "map" became a shortened term referring to a flat representation of Earth's surface.
Cassytha racemosa
Cassytha racemosa (common name - dodder laurel) is a parasitic perennial in the Lauraceae family.
It is found in Western Australia.

The species was first described in 1845 by Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck from specimen 1623 found near the town of Fremantle growing on Melaleuca huegelii.

Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck
Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (14 February 1776 – 16 March 1858) was a prolific German botanist, physician, zoologist, and natural philosopher. He was a contemporary of Goethe and was born within the lifetime of Linnaeus. He described approximately 7,000 plant species (almost as many as Linnaeus himself). His last official act as president of the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina was to admit Charles Darwin as a member. He was the author of numerous monographs on botany and zoology and majority of his best-known works deal with fungi. The standard author abbreviation Nees is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
William Barton (musician)
William Barton (born 1980 or 1981) is an Aboriginal Australian multi-instrumentalist, composer, producer, and vocalist, known principally for his didgeridoo (yidaki) playing, particularly with classical orchestras. He is also a singer-songwriter and composer.

Queensland Symphony Orchestra
Queensland Symphony Orchestra (QSO) is an Australian symphony orchestra in the state of Queensland. The orchestra is based in the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's building in South Bank. The orchestra is funded by private corporations, the state government and the Australian federal government through the Australia Council.
Judiciary of Israel
The judicial system of Israel consists of secular courts and religious courts. The law courts constitute a separate and independent unit of Israel's Ministry of Justice.  The system is headed by the President of the Supreme Court and the Minister of Justice.

Religious courts include Jewish batei din, Islamic courts, Druze courts, and courts for ten recognized Christian communities. However, religious courts wield extremely limited authority, and they are engaged with for marital affairs, as no non-religious form of marriage performed in Israel is recognized legally.

Rabbinical Court (Israel)
The Rabbinical courts are part of the Israeli legal system, which operates religious courts in parallel to the civil court system. The system, inherited from the previous British mandate system, grants religious courts jurisdiction over personal status matters such as marriage and divorce. Such courts exist for the recognized religious communities in Israel, including Muslim courts, Christian courts, and Jewish Rabbinical courts. These courts adjudicate personal status according to their respective religions, Jewish law in the case of Rabbinical courts.
Β-Hydroxybutyric acid
β-Hydroxybutyric acid, also known as 3-hydroxybutyric acid or BHB, is an organic compound and a beta hydroxy acid with the chemical formula CH3CH(OH)CH2CO2H; its conjugate base is β-hydroxybutyrate, also known as 3-hydroxybutyrate. β-Hydroxybutyric acid is a chiral compound with two enantiomers: D-β-hydroxybutyric acid and L-β-hydroxybutyric acid. Its oxidized and polymeric derivatives occur widely in nature. In humans, D-β-hydroxybutyric acid is one of two primary endogenous agonists of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2), a Gi/o-coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR).

Polyhydroxybutyrate
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a polymer belonging to the polyesters class that are of interest as bio-derived and biodegradable plastics. The poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) form of PHB is probably the most common type of polyhydroxyalkanoate, but other polymers of this class are produced by a variety of organisms: these include poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB), polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV), polyhydroxyhexanoate (PHH), polyhydroxyoctanoate (PHO) and their copolymers.