hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fatsah Ouguergouz
Fatsah Ouguergouz is an Algerian jurist who has had a distinguished career as an international judge and legal expert. He has specialized in international law, human rights and international dispute resolution. Ouguergouz served as a Judge and Vice-President of the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, and has held key positions within the United Nations legal system. He is a Member of the Institute of International Law.

Advisory board
An advisory board is a body that provides non-binding strategic advice to the management of a corporation, organization, or foundation. The informal nature of an advisory board gives greater flexibility in structure and management compared to the board of directors. Unlike the board of directors, the advisory board does not have authority to vote on corporate matters or bear legal fiduciary responsibilities. Many new or small businesses choose to have advisory boards in order to benefit from the knowledge of others, without the expense or formality of the board of directors.
Nesna University College
Nesna University College (Norwegian: Høgskolen i Nesna or HiNe) was a university college, a Norwegian state institution of higher education, until it became part of Nord University in 2016. Its campus was in the village of Nesna in Nesna Municipality. In April 2019, the university board of directors proposed a measure to close this campus by 2022 and in May 2019, the campus was closed by order of the health and safety representative effective immediately. This led to large student protests and demonstrations primarily directed against the closure, but also as a broader protest against the municipal and region mergers put into effect by the Solberg Cabinet.

Nesna (village)
Nesna is the administrative centre of Nesna Municipality in Nordland county, Norway.  The village is located on a peninsula on the mainland of Norway, along the Nesnakroken strait, just north of the Ranfjorden and south of the Sjona fjord. The Norwegian County Road 17 crosses the Ranfjorden on a ferry which docks in the village before heading north along the coastline. Nesna has regular ferry connections to the nearby islands of Handnesøya, Hugla, and Tomma.

The 1.08-square-kilometre (270-acre) village has a population (2023) of 1,346 and a population density of 1,246 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,230/sq mi).

Nesna Church is located in the village, and the village is also host to a campus of Nord University.
Myles McRae
Myles McRae (1845 – 13 April 1926) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Dunmore on the Hunter River to farmer Alexander McRae and Mary McInnes. He was a businessman in Morpeth, and later a land speculator in Sydney. In 1871 he married Clara Charlotte Taylor, with whom he had four children. In 1889 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Protectionist member for Morpeth, but he did not contest the 1891 election. McRae died at Penshurst in 1926.

Protectionist Party
The Protectionist Party, also known as the Protectionist Liberal Party or Liberal Protectionist Party, was an Australian political party, formally organised from 1887 until 1909, with policies centred on protectionism. The party advocated protective tariffs, arguing it would allow Australian industry to grow and provide employment. It had its greatest strength in Victoria and in the rural areas of New South Wales. Its most prominent leaders were Sir Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin, who were the first and second prime ministers of Australia.
Schindylesis
Schindylesis is an articulation in which two bones are joined by fitting the ridge of one bone into the groove of another. Also known as a "wedge-and-groove" joint, the name is derived from the Greek 'skhindulesis', meaning "to cleave", as in cutting with a stump with an axe.

This fibrous suture joint can be found between the vomer and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone as well as between the vomer and the gap between the maxilla and palatine.

Suture (anatomy)
In anatomy, a suture is a fairly rigid joint between two or more hard elements of an organism, with or without significant overlap of the elements.

Sutures are found in the skeletons or exoskeletons of a wide range of animals, in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Sutures are found in animals with hard parts from the Cambrian period to the present day. Sutures were and are formed by several different methods, and they exist between hard parts that are made from several different materials.
Light Industry
Light Industry is an American microcinema founded by Ed Halter and Thomas Beard. Since 2008 it has operated in several locations around Brooklyn, New York. Its programming focuses on obscure and unusual works.

Anthology Film Archives
40°43′29″N 73°59′24″W﻿ / ﻿40.724663°N 73.990132°W﻿ / 40.724663; -73.990132

Anthology Film Archives is an international center for the preservation, study, and exhibition of film and video, with a particular focus on independent, experimental, and avant-garde cinema. The film archive and theater is located at 32 Second Avenue on the southeast corner of East 2nd Street, in a New York City historic district in the East Village neighborhood of Manhattan.
Godfrey of Rheims
Godfrey of Rheims (died c. 1094) was an 11th century poet. He was born in Rheims and educated at the Cathedral School of Rheims. He was appointed chancellor of the school in 1076 or 1077 by Archbishop Manasses I. In 1080 Manasses was deposed and fled to the court of the Holy Roman Emperor, but Godfrey remained in his position at the school. He held that position until 1094, but the year after a charter has the name of a new chancellor and it is presumed Godfrey died.

He was a friend of fellow poet Baldric of Dol, and the limited information on Godfrey's life comes from Baldric's works in praise of him.  Four of his poems survive. Written in Latin they show clear influence of Virgil and Ovid. Godfrey is an early example of a scholar looking back to the classical traditions. Godfrey seems to have been closer in spirit to the Italian humanists of the Quattrocento than to most of his contemporaries."

Baldric of Dol
Baldric of Dol (c. 1050 – 7 January 1130) was prior and then abbot of Bourgueil from 1077 to 1106, then made bishop of Dol-en-Bretagne in 1107 and archbishop in 1108 until his death. He fulfilled his monastic duties by travelling to attend Church councils and writing of poetry and history, his most influential piece being a historical account of the First Crusade.
Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1881–1884
This is a list of members of the tenth parliament of the South Australian House of Assembly, which sat from 1881 until March 1884. The members were elected at the 1881 state election in April 1881.

1  East Adelaide MHA George Fowler resigned on 7 June 1881. Thomas Johnson won the resulting by-election on 17 June.

2  Yatala MHA David Murray was unseated on 28 June 1881. He contested and won the resulting by-election, but resigned on 18 August. Josiah Howell Bagster won the resulting by-election on 6 September.

3  Onkaparinga MHA Friedrich Krichauff resigned on 22 May 1882. Rowland Rees won the resulting by-election on 15 June.

4  Flinders MHA Ebenezer Cooke resigned on 24 October 1882. Patrick Boyce Coglin won the resulting by-election on 1 December.

5  Sturt MHA William Townsend died on 25 October 1882. Thomas King was elected unopposed on 13 November.

6  Victoria MHA George Charles Hawker resigned on 11 May 1883. William Whinham won the resulting by-election on 15 June.

Thomas King (Australian politician)
Thomas King (14 February 1833 – 20 November 1886) was a politician in colonial South Australia, Minister of Education from 1878 to 1881.

King was born at Stony Stratford, Buckinghamshire, England on 14 February 1833. He was the son of William King who migrated to Adelaide in 1852. He was for many years a member of the firm of Barrow & King, proprietors of the South Australian Advertiser, Chronicle, and Express. King represented Sturt in the South Australian House of Assembly from 10 April 1876 to 7 April 1881, and from 13 November 1882 to 6 July 1885, and was Minister of Education in the William Morgan Ministry from 7 October 1878 to 10 March 1881.

Having come to England as one of the South Australian commissioners to the Colonial and Indian Exhibition held at South Kensington in 1886, he died at Bayswater, England, on 20 November of that year.
Downtown Fort William, Ontario
Downtown Fort William, also known as Downtown Thunder Bay South or the South Core, is the urban core of the former city of Fort William, the southern half of Thunder Bay, Ontario. It is centred on Victoriaville Civic Centre, an indoor shopping mall and civic centre built as part of an urban renewal project in the 1980s. It is separated from the Kaministiquia River by the Canadian Pacific Railway line, and its topography is relatively flat.

Downtown Fort William is the location of Thunder Bay City Hall, and numerous other government offices.

Thunder Bay Historical Museum
The Thunder Bay Museum is located in Thunder Bay, Ontario. It is operated by The Thunder Bay Historical Museum Society, incorporated in 1972 as the successor to the Thunder Bay Historical Society.

The Museum is affiliated with the Canadian Museums Association,  the Canadian Heritage Information Network, the Ontario Historical Society, and Virtual Museum of Canada.
Quercus canariensis
Quercus canariensis, the Algerian oak, Mirbeck's oak or zean oak, is an oak native to southern Portugal, Spain, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. Despite the scientific name, it does not occur naturally today in the Canary Islands. It is placed in section Quercus.

Quercus subg. Quercus
Quercus subgenus Quercus is one of the two subgenera into which the genus Quercus was divided in a 2017 classification (the other being subgenus Cerris). It contains about 190 species divided among five sections. It may be called the New World clade or the high-latitude clade; most species are native to the Americas, the others being found in Eurasia and northernmost North Africa.
Conifold
In mathematics and string theory, a conifold is a generalization of a manifold. Unlike manifolds, conifolds can contain conical singularities, i.e. points whose neighbourhoods look like cones over a certain base. In physics, in particular in flux compactifications of string theory, the base is usually a five-dimensional real manifold, since the typically considered conifolds are complex 3-dimensional (real 6-dimensional) spaces.

Type II string theory
In theoretical physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings theories. Type II string theory accounts for two of the five consistent superstring theories in ten dimensions. Both theories have  extended supersymmetry which is maximal amount of supersymmetry — namely 32 supercharges — in ten dimensions. Both theories are based on oriented closed strings. On the worldsheet, they differ only in the choice of GSO projection. They were first discovered by Michael Green and John Henry Schwarz in 1982, with the terminology of type I and type II coined to classify the three string theories known at the time.
Carbonyl condensation
In organic chemistry, alkylimino-de-oxo-bisubstitution is the organic reaction of carbonyl compounds with amines to imines. The reaction name is based on the IUPAC Nomenclature for Transformations. The reaction is acid catalyzed and the reaction type is nucleophilic addition of the amine to the carbonyl compound followed by transfer of a proton from nitrogen to oxygen to a stable hemiaminal or carbinolamine. With primary amines, water is lost in an elimination reaction to an imine. With aryl amines, especially stable Schiff bases are formed.

Organic reaction
Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. The basic organic chemistry reaction types are addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions, photochemical reactions and redox reactions. In organic synthesis, organic reactions are used in the construction of new organic molecules. The production of many man-made chemicals such as drugs, plastics, food additives, fabrics depend on organic reactions.

The oldest organic reactions are combustion of organic fuels and saponification of fats to make soap. Modern organic chemistry starts with the Wöhler synthesis in 1828. In the history of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry awards have been given for the invention of specific organic reactions such as the Grignard reaction in 1912, the Diels–Alder reaction in 1950, the Wittig reaction in 1979 and olefin metathesis in 2005.
Rectouterine fold
The rectouterine fold is a bilaterally paired prominent ridge/fold of the peritoneum that represents the lateral boundary of the rectouterine pouch on either side. It is formed by the underlying rectouterine muscle. On either side, the rectouterine fold extends between the sacrum medially, and the base of the broad ligament of the uterus laterally.

Rectouterine pouch
The rectouterine pouch (rectovaginal pouch, pouch of Douglas or cul-de-sac) is the extension of the peritoneum into the space between the posterior wall of the uterus and the rectum in the human female.
The Man Who Knew Too Much (collection)
The Man Who Knew Too Much is the twenty-sixth collection by British designer Alexander McQueen, released for the Autumn/Winter 2005 season of his eponymous fashion house. It took inspiration from the fashion of the 1950s and 1960s, as well as the films of Alfred Hitchcock; its namesake is Hitchcock's The Man Who Knew Too Much (1956). The runway show was staged during Paris Fashion Week on 4 March 2005 at the Lycée Carnot, a secondary school in Paris. Forty-eight looks were presented; the first thirty-six were daywear, while the final twelve were eveningwear. The collection's clothing and runway show both lacked McQueen's signature theatricality, and critical reception at launch and in retrospect was negative. It was the debut of the Novak handbag, which was a best-seller for the brand. Critical analysis has examined why McQueen pivoted to a more commercial approach, as well as the influence of film on the collection.

Dana Thomas
Dana Thomas (born February 3, 1964) is an American fashion and culture journalist and author based in Paris. Her books include  Deluxe: How Luxury Lost Its Luster, Gods and Kings: The Rise and Fall of Alexander McQueen and John Galliano and Fashionopolis: The Price of Fast Fashion and the Future of Clothes. She also wrote the script for Salvatore Ferragamo: The Shoemaker of Dreams, a feature-length documentary directed by award-winning Italian filmmaker Luca Guadagnino. It had its world premiere at the Venice Film Festival on September 5, 2020. She hosts The Green Dream podcast on all things sustainable.
Les Chansons d'Aragon
Les Chansons d'Aragon (English: "Songs of Aragon") is an album by Léo Ferré, released in 1961 by Barclay Records. It is his second album dedicated to a poet, after Baudelaire's Les Fleurs du mal in 1957. Here, Ferré focuses on former surrealist Louis Aragon, but the body of work he chooses (poetry collection Le Roman inachevé, mostly) is not surrealistic.

This album had much more impact than Ferré's first Baudelaire effort, maybe because when it was published Ferré was gaining both success and critical acclaim on stage, and Aragon was an active poet and a controversial committed communist figure in the French intellectual field.

Les Fleurs du mal (Léo Ferré album)
Les Fleurs du mal (English: The Flowers of Evil) is an album by Léo Ferré, released in 1957 by Odeon Records. It is his first LP dedicated to a poet and this is the first time in popular music history a whole album is dedicated to a dead poet. Léo Ferré has set Baudelaire into music two more times : in 1967 with double album Léo Ferré chante Baudelaire, and with unfinished project Les Fleurs du mal (suite et fin), recorded in 1977 but posthumously released in 2008.
Rolf Jacobsen (poet)
Rolf Jacobsen (8 March 1907 – 20 February 1994) was a Norwegian writer.

Jacobsen could be said to be the first modernist writer in Norway.  Jacobsen's career as a writer spanned more than fifty years. He is one of Scandinavia’s most distinguished poets, who launched poetic modernism in Norway with his first book, Jord og jern in 1933. Jacobsen's work has been translated into over twenty languages. The central theme in his work is the balance between nature and technology – he was called "the Green Poet" in Norwegian literature.

Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature
The Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature (Den norske Kritikerprisen for litteratur or Kritikerprisen) is awarded by the Norwegian Literature Critics' Association (Norsk Litteraturkritikerlag) and has been awarded every year since 1950. The prize is presented to a Norwegian author for a literary work as agreed to among the members of the Norwegian Literature Critics' Association. Since 1978 the Norwegian Literature Critics' Association has also awarded a prize for the best work of children's literature. In 2003 the Critics Prize for the year's best work of translation was established, and in 2012 the Critics Prize for the year's best work of nonfiction for adults was established. For other Norwegian Critics Awards, see Norwegian Theatre Critics Award, which has been awarded every year since 1939 (except 1940–45), the Norwegian Music Critics Award, which has been awarded every year since 1947, and the Norwegian Dance Critics Award, which has been awarded every year since 1977.
Castaic Junction, California
Castaic Junction is an unincorporated community located in Los Angeles County, California. It is located at the crossroads of Interstate 5 and State Route 126 near the confluence of Castaic Creek and the Santa Clara River.

Places in Castaic Junction carry a Valencia zip code (91355), and it is adjacent to the City of Santa Clarita.

Six Flags Magic Mountain theme park is just south of the junction.

Castaic Creek
34°25′10″N 118°37′48″W﻿ / ﻿34.41944°N 118.63000°W﻿ / 34.41944; -118.63000

Castaic Creek (Chumash: Kaštiq) is a 25.0-mile-long (40.2 km) watershed in the Sierra Pelona Mountains, in northeastern Los Angeles County, California. It is a tributary of the Santa Clara River.
Image persistence
Image persistence, or image retention, is a phenomenon in LCD and plasma displays where unwanted visual information is shown which corresponds to a previous state of the display. It is the flat-panel equivalent of screen burn-in. Unlike screen burn-in, the effects are usually temporary and often not visible without close inspection. Plasma displays experiencing severe image persistence can result in screen burn-in instead.

Image persistence can occur as easily as having something remain unchanged on the screen in the same location for a duration of even 10 minutes, such as a web page or document. Minor cases of image persistence are generally only visible when looking at darker areas on the screen, and usually invisible to the eye during ordinary computer use.

Plasma display
A plasma display panel is a type of flat-panel display that uses small cells containing plasma: ionized gas that responds to electric fields. Plasma televisions were the first large (over 32 inches/81 cm diagonal) flat-panel displays to be released to the public.

Until about 2007, plasma displays were commonly used in large televisions. By 2013, they had lost nearly all market share due to competition from low-cost liquid-crystal displays (LCDs). Manufacturing of plasma displays for the United States retail market ended in 2014, and manufacturing for the Chinese market ended in 2016. Plasma displays are obsolete, having been superseded in most if not all aspects by OLED displays.

Competing display technologies include cathode-ray tube (CRT), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), CRT projectors, AMLCD, digital light processing (DLP), SED-tv, LED display, field emission display (FED), and quantum dot display (QLED).
Bulk endocytosis
Bulk endocytosis refers to a form of endocytosis of synaptic vesicles at nerve terminals.  In bulk endocytosis, compared to clathrin-mediated endocytosis, a larger area of presynaptic plasma membrane is internalised as cisternae or endosomes from which multiple synaptic vesicles  can subsequently bud off.  Bulk endocytosis is activated specifically during intense stimulation, such as during high-frequency trains of action potentials or in response to membrane depolarization by high extracellular concentrations of potassium.

BAR domain
In molecular biology, BAR domains are highly conserved protein dimerisation domains that occur in many proteins involved in membrane dynamics in a cell. The BAR domain is banana-shaped and binds to membrane via its concave face. It is capable of sensing membrane curvature by binding preferentially to curved membranes. BAR domains are named after three proteins that they are found in: Bin, Amphiphysin and Rvs.
1955 Birthday Honours
The Queen's Birthday Honours 1955 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The Queen.

They were announced on 3 June 1955, for the United Kingdom and Colonies, Australia, New Zealand, Ceylon, Pakistan, and for various members of Commonwealth forces in recognition of services in Korea during 1954–1955.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
The Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is a senior official in the civil service of the United Kingdom. As a principal private secretary, they are traditionally responsible for running the prime minister's private office in 10 Downing Street. In the Civil Service, the role is currently graded as director general.

The current principal private secretary is Dan York-Smith.
2018 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 2018 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 121st staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896. The championship ran from 31 March to 8 October 2018.

Kilcormac–Killoughey entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 7 October 2018 at Bord na Móna O'Connor Park in Tullamore, between Coolderry and Kilcormac–Killoughey, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Coolderry won the match by 2–17 to 0–17 to claim their 31st championship title overall and a first title in three years.

2017 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 2017 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 120th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896. The championship ran from 15 April to 1 October 2017.

St Rynagh's entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 15 October 2023 at O'Connor Park in Tullamore, between Kilcormac–Killoughey and St Rynagh's, in what was their third meeting in the final overall and a first meeting in three years. Kilcormac–Killoughey won the match by 2-16 to 1-16 to claim their fourth championship title overall and a first title in three years.