hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lotfi Bin Ali
Lotfi Bin Ali (Arabic: لطفي بن علي; 1965 – 9 March 2021), also known as Abdullah Bin Ali al-Lutfi, was a Tunisian whom the United States held in extrajudicial detention for over thirteen years in the Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. He was one of five men transferred to Kazakhstan in 2014. He was extensively quoted following the death, purportedly from lack of medical care, of one of the other captives transferred to Kazakhstan. In a September 2016 profile in The Guardian, he described exile in Kazakhstan as being very isolating, and, in some ways, almost as bad as Guantanamo.

Semey
Semey (/sɪˈmeɪ, sɛ-/; Kazakh: Семей / Semei [sʲɪˈmʲej] (listenⓘ), formerly known as Semipalatinsk (Russian: Семипалатинск [sʲɪmʲɪpɐˈɫatʲɪnsk]) until 2007 and as Alash-Qala (Kazakh: Алаш-қала / Alaş-qala [ɑˌɫɑʃ‿qɑˈɫɑ]) from 1917 to 1920, is a city in eastern Kazakhstan, in the Kazakh part of Siberia. When Abai Region was created in 2022, Semey became its administrative centre. It lies along the Irtysh River near the border with Russia, 1,000 kilometers (620 mi) north of Almaty and 700 kilometers (430 mi) southeast of the Russian city of Omsk. Its population is 312,764 (stat.gov.kz).
Tęgoborze Palace
The Palace of Tęgoborze (Polish: Dwór w Tębogorzu) is a classical, one-storeyed, marble mansion-house from the 18th century. It is in Tęgoborze – a village in southern Poland (Gmina Łososina Dolna), 11 km from Nowy Sącz. The first owner was Count Dunikowski. It's said that count's wife has been walled up alive there and her spirit, called the White Lady, is still appearing there. After Dunikowski's family's death, the owner was Count Wielogłowski, who was a spirit rapper. In this time, there were a lot of spiritualist sessions in the octagonal room in the palace.

On one session dated on 23 September 1893, spirits had said what would happen in the future. The words has become a sensation after being published in 1939 in the biggest Polish newspaper Ilustrowany Kurier Codzienny. The so-called Tęgoborze Prophecy tells of a 2nd world war or a Polish pope.

For a long time the owner of the mansion house was the Cracovian company Telpod but since 1999 it has been a private property.

Gmina Łososina Dolna
Gmina Łososina Dolna is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Sącz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Łososina Dolna, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Nowy Sącz and 81 km (50 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 84.31 square kilometres (32.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 9,814.
Thomas Williams (Christadelphian)
Thomas Williams (1847–1913) was a Welsh Christadelphian who emigrated to America in 1872, and eventually became editor of The Christadelphian Advocate magazine and author of The Great Salvation and The World's Redemption, reserving him a place alongside Christadelphian founders Dr. John Thomas and Robert Roberts.  When his appeals to English brethren went unheeded, he became the most prominent of the brethren who avoided these divisive factions, and later became known as Unamended Christadelphians because they never adopted a particular amendment to the Christadelphian statement of faith.

Robert Roberts (Christadelphian)
Robert Roberts (April 8, 1839 – September 23, 1898) is the man generally considered to have continued the work of organising and establishing the Christadelphian movement founded by Dr. John Thomas. He was a prolific author and the editor of The Christadelphian magazine from 1864 to 1898.
Hamiso Tabuai-Fidow
Hamiso Tabuai-Fidow (born 5 September 2001), nicknamed "Hammer", is a professional rugby league footballer who plays as a fullback for the Dolphins in the National Rugby League (NRL) and as a centre for Queensland in the State of Origin.

He previously played for the North Queensland Cowboys in the NRL. He has played for Samoa and Australia at international level. He has represented the Indigenous All Stars in the All-Stars match and has played for the Prime Minister's XIII. Tabuai-Fidow played as a winger earlier in his career.

Prime Minister's XIII
Prime Minister's XIII, sometimes informally referred to as the PM's XIII, are a representative rugby league team, comprising Australian players from National Rugby League clubs. Initially, the team was selected from NRL clubs that did not qualify for the NRL finals. Over time this changed to include players whose teams were knocked out during the first two weeks of the finals, with the game played on the same weekend as the preliminary finals, one week prior to the NRL Grand Final. Since 2024, the Prime Minister's XIII game has been played on the weekend after the NRL Grand Final, with players from all clubs, including the Grand Finalists, available for selection.
Ali Khan Abro
Allama Ali Khan Abro (Urdu: علامه علي خان ابڑو) was a Sindhi scholar and educationist who is known for having written the Sindhi translation of Quran, and intended to give the Qur'an a practical contemporary interpretation. He also wrote a translation for non-Muslims at the request of Taj Mahmood Amroti.

Taj Mahmood Amroti
Taj Mahmūd Amrōtī  (Sindhi: مولانا سيد تاج محمود امروٽي, Urdu: مولانا سید تاج محمود امروٹی; 1857 in Deewani village, Khairpur, Sindh – 1929) was a scholar, fighter against British control of India, and educationalist.

He led the "Reshmi Roomal" and "Hijrat Movement" of protest emigration to Afghanistan. Amroti helped Khilafat Movement of Turkish Khilafat / Khalifah by sending financial help and troops of his followers, force named as Junood-e-Rabbani i.e. the Forces of Allah.

Amroti translated the Qurʾān into Sindhi, gave lectures, wrote books of poetry, and edited the monthly journal Ikhwān-ul-Muslimīn. A proponent of the non-cooperation movement in India, he was a leader of the Khilafat Movement and a founding member of Jamʿiyyat-i ʿUlamā-i Hind.
Energy–maneuverability theory
Energy–maneuverability theory is a model of aircraft performance. It was developed by Col. John Boyd, a fighter pilot, and Thomas P. Christie, a mathematician with the United States Air Force, and is useful in describing an aircraft's performance as the total of kinetic and potential energies or aircraft specific energy. It relates the thrust, weight, aerodynamic drag, wing area, and other flight characteristics of an aircraft into a quantitative model. This enables the combat capabilities of various aircraft or prospective design trade-offs to be predicted and compared.

Wing
A wing is a structure which produces both lift and drag while moving through air. Wings are defined by two shape characteristics, an airfoil section and a planform. Wing efficiency is expressed as lift-to-drag ratio, which compares the benefit of lift with the air resistance of a given wing shape, as it flies. Aerodynamics includes the study of wing performance in air.

Equivalent foils that move through water are found on hydrofoil power vessels and foiling sailboats that lift out of the water at speed and on submarines that use diving planes to point the boat upwards or downwards, while running submerged. The study of foil performance in water is a subfield of Hydrodynamics.
IDLC Finance PLC
IDLC Finance PLC, formerly known as Industrial Development Leasing Company of Bangladesh Limited (IDLC), is a multi-product non-banking financial institution with headquarters in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It offers financial services in the form of small and medium enterprise (SME) finance products, supplier and distributor finance, corporate finance, structured finance, retail finance, deposits and treasury products. The IDLC group also provides merchant banking, stock broker and asset management services via its three subsidiaries, IDLC Investments Limited, IDLC Securities Limited and IDLC Asset Management Limited, respectively.

International Finance Corporation
The International Finance Corporation (IFC) is an international financial institution headquartered in Washington, D.C., and a member of the World Bank Group. Established in 1956 as the private-sector arm of the World Bank Group, the IFC provides investment, advisory, and asset-management services to support private-sector development in developing countries. Its goal is to help people achieve better living standards by mobilizing financial resources for private enterprises.
War of the Sons of Light Against the Sons of Darkness
The War of the Sons of Light Against the Sons of Darkness, also known as War Rule, Rule of War and the War Scroll, is a manual for military organization and strategy that was discovered among the Dead Sea Scrolls. The manuscript was among the scrolls found in Qumran Cave 1, acquired by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and first published posthumously by Eleazar Sukenik in 1955. The document is made up of various scrolls and fragments including 1QM, and 4Q491–497. It is possible that The War of the Messiah is the conclusion to this document. The 4Q491–497 fragments were published by Maurice Baillet in Discoveries in the Judaean Desert, volume 7 and comprise a shorter recension of the War Scroll.

Qumran Caves
The Qumran Caves (Arabic: كهوف قمران Kuhūf Qumrān; Hebrew: מערות קומראן HaMeara Kumran) are a series of caves, both natural and artificial, found around the archaeological site of Qumran in the Judaean Desert. It is in these caves that the Dead Sea Scrolls were discovered.

Israel Nature and Parks Authority took over the site following the end of the 1967 war, when Israel occupied the West Bank and seized Qumran. Israel has since invested heavily in the area to establish the Qumran caves as a site of "uniquely Israeli Jewish heritage". The caves are recognized in Israel as a National Heritage Site, despite the caves being in occupied Palestinian territories; as such, the designation has drawn criticism.
Brix (video game)
Brix is a puzzle video game for MS-DOS, developed by Michael Riedel and produced and published in 1991. An updated version with enhanced graphics and sound was published by Epic MegaGames in 1992. It is a clone of Taito's Puzznic, and thus bears strong graphical and some gameplay similarities to Plotting, also produced by Taito. An enhanced version, Brix 2 Deluxe, was released alongside the Epic MegaGames release, with dozens of new levels and a level editor.

Puzznic
Puzznic (パズニック, Pazunikku) is a tile-matching video game developed and released by Taito for arcades in 1989. It was ported to the Nintendo Entertainment System, Game Boy, PC Engine, X68000, Amiga, Atari ST, Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, MS-DOS, and ZX Spectrum between 1990 and 1991. Home computer ports were handled by Ocean Software; the 2003 PlayStation port was handled by Altron. The arcade and FM Towns versions had adult content, showing a naked woman at the end of the level; this was removed in the international arcade release (but not the US one) and other home ports. A completed Apple IIGS version was cancelled after Taito America shut down.

Puzznic bears strong graphical and some gameplay similarities to Taito's own Flipull/Plotting.
Ellsworth Hunt Augustus
Ellsworth Hunt "Gus" Augustus was an American businessman, banker, investor, industrialist, serviceman, athlete, and welfare volunteer from Cleveland, Ohio. He served the Boy Scouts of America locally as the president of the Greater Cleveland Council, regionally as the chairman of Region 4 (Ohio, West Virginia, and Kentucky), and nationally as its tenth National president. He lived in Waite Hill, Ohio, with his wife Elizabeth Good "Betty" Augustus, until his death in May 1964. Augustus and his wife had four children, Daneen, Albert Anthony Augustus II, Elizabeth (Betsy), and Margaret (Peggy).

National Chair of Scouting America
The National Chair is the presiding officer of the National Executive Board of Scouting America, the governing body of the organization. The office holder is a volunteer elected by the members of the board. Along with the Chief Scout Executive and National Commissioner, the National Chair is a member of the organization’s “Key 3”.

Prior to 2018, the role of National Chair was titled National President.
CRYPTON
In cryptography, CRYPTON is a symmetric block cipher submitted as a candidate for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). It is very efficient in hardware implementations and was designed by Chae Hoon Lim of Future Systems Inc.

The CRYPTON algorithm processes blocks of 128 bits in the form of 4×4 byte arrays. The round transformation consists of four steps: byte-wise substitution, column-wise bit permutation, column-to-row transposition and finally key addition. CRYPTON uses 12 rounds of this encryption process. Due to the algorithm's nature, the decryption process can be made identical to the encryption process using a different key.

Block cipher
In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols. They are ubiquitous in the storage and exchange of data, where such data is secured and authenticated via encryption.

A block cipher uses blocks as an unvarying transformation. Even a secure block cipher is suitable for the encryption of only a single block of data at a time, using a fixed key. A multitude of modes of operation have been designed to allow their repeated use in a secure way to achieve the other security goals of confidentiality and authenticity. However, block ciphers may also feature as building blocks in other cryptographic protocols, such as universal hash functions and pseudorandom number generators.
1976 Centennial Cup
The 1976 Centennial Cup is the sixth Tier II Junior "A" 1976 ice hockey National Championship for the Canadian Junior A Hockey League.

The Centennial Cup was competed for by the winners of the Western Canadian Champions and the Eastern Canadian Champions.

The finals were hosted by the Rockland Nationals in the city of Rockland, Ontario.

Rockland, Ontario
Rockland is a bilingual community located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of downtown Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, part of the city of Clarence-Rockland. Rockland has a population of 13,625 (2021), making up roughly half the population of the municipality. It is home to a large part of the francophone community in Eastern Ontario along with the towns situated to the east and the Ottawa suburb of Orleans to the west.

It was a separate town until January 1, 1998, when it amalgamated with Clarence Township to form the City of Clarence-Rockland.
1955 Italian presidential election
The 1955 Italian presidential election was held in Italy on 28–29 April 1955. Giovanni Gronchi, President of the Chamber of Deputies, was elected President of Italy

Only members of Parliament and regional delegates were entitled to vote, most of these electors having been elected in the 1953 general election.

Italian Liberal Party
The Italian Liberal Party (Italian: Partito Liberale Italiano, PLI) was a liberal political party in Italy.

The PLI, which was heir to the liberal currents of both the Historical Right and the Historical Left, was a minor party after World War II, but also a frequent junior party in government, especially after 1979. It originally represented the right-wing of the Italian liberal movement, while the Italian Republican Party the left-wing. The PLI disintegrated in 1994 following the fallout of the Tangentopoli corruption scandal and was succeeded by several minor parties. The party's most influential leaders were Giovanni Giolitti, Benedetto Croce and Giovanni Malagodi.
Happurg station
Happurg station is a railway station in the municipality of Happurg, located in the Nürnberger Land district in Middle Franconia, Germany. It is located on the Nuremberg–Schwandorf line of Deutsche Bahn.  The S1 of the Nuremberg S-Bahn serves it.

Nuremberg–Schwandorf railway
The Nuremberg–Schwandorf railway is a 93.7 km long railway from Nuremberg, running along the Pegnitz river, to Hersbruck and continuing via Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg and Amberg to Schwandorf in the German state of Bavaria. It runs parallel to the Nuremberg–Cheb line (the Right Pegnitz line, German: rechte Pegnitzstrecke) between Nuremberg and Pommelsbrunn and this section is known as the Left Pegnitz line (linke Pegnitzstrecke). It was opened in 1859 and is one of the oldest railways in Germany.
Matrix 2 of 5
Matrix 2 of 5 (also known as Code 2 of 5 Matrix.) is a variable length, discrete, two width symbology. Matrix 2 of 5 is a subset of two-out-of-five codes. Unlike Industrial 2 of 5 code, Matrix 2 of 5 can encode data not only with black bars but with white spaces.

Matrix 2 of 5 was developed in 1970-х by Nieaf Co. in The Netherlands and commonly was uses for warehouse sorting, photo finishing, and airline ticket marking.

Matrix 2 of 5 can encode only digits 0-9. Matrix 2 of 5 can include optional check digit. Most of barcode readers support this symbology.

Interleaved 2 of 5
Interleaved 2 of 5 (ITF) is a continuous two-width barcode symbology encoding digits. It is used commercially on 135 film, for ITF-14 barcodes, and on cartons of some products, while the products inside are labeled with UPC or EAN. ITF was created by David Allais, who also invented barcodes Code 39, Code 11, Code 93, and Code 49.
Thornhill Academy
Thornhill Academy (formerly known as Thornhill School) is a co-educational secondary school located in Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, England.

Thornhill Academy admits pupils mainly from Barnes Junior School, Diamond Hall Junior School, Hudson Road Primary School and Richard Avenue Primary School.

The school offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils. Graduating students often go on to study at the Bede Sixth Form, a sixth form consortium including Thornhill Academy and Sunderland College.

Sunderland College
Sunderland College, officially City of Sunderland College, is a  further education and higher education college based in Sunderland, North East England. The enrolment includes around 6,300 part-time learners and approximately 4,800 full-time students. A report following a January 2010 Ofsted inspection awarded the school a Grade 2 (good) that included a Grade 1 (outstanding) on 3 inspection criteria.
The college is a member of the Collab Group of high performing schools.
Frida Rubiner
Frida Rubiner (born Frida Ichak / Фрида Абрамовна Ицхоки:  28 April 1879 – 22 January 1952) was a political activist (KPD), writer, journalist and translator of important communist Russian texts into German.   Pseudonyms under which she wrote included  Georg Rehberg, Arnold Brand and Frida Lang.

Executive Committee of the Communist International
The Executive Committee of the Communist International, commonly known by its acronym, ECCI (Russian acronym ИККИ for Исполнительный комитет Коммунистического интернационала), was the governing authority of the Comintern between the World Congresses of that body. The ECCI, established by the Founding Congress of the Comintern in 1919, was dissolved with the rest of the Comintern in May 1943.
Trinervitermes trinervoides
Trinervitermes trinervoides is a species of termite belonging to family Termitidae. It is native to and widespread in southern Africa where it inhabits mesic to semi-arid grasslands. Due to the snout on the head of soldiers, and their grass collecting habits, they are known as snouted harvester termites.

Termitidae
Termitidae is the largest family of termites consisting of 2,125 described species of which are commonly known as the higher termites. They are evolutionarily the most specialised termite group, with their highly compartmentalized hindgut lacking the flagellated protozoans common to "lower termites", which are instead replaced by bacteria and archaea. Whereas lower termites are restricted mostly to woody tissue, higher termites have diverse diets consisting of wood, grass, leaf litter, fungi, lichen, faeces, humus and soil. Around 60% of species rely on soil-feeding alone.
Order of Freedom (Yugoslavia)
Order of Freedom (Serbo-Croatian: Orden slobode / Орден слободе; Slovene: Red svobode; Macedonian: Орден на слободата, Orden na slobodata) was the highest military decoration awarded in Yugoslavia, and the second highest Yugoslav state decoration after the Yugoslav Great Star. It was awarded to the commanders of large military units for skillful leadership and for the outstanding courage of the troops. It was awarded to both Yugoslavian and foreign military commanders, and was the most rarely awarded of all Yugoslavian orders, decorations, and medals, being awarded only 7 times before the breakup of Yugoslavia.

After the breakup of Yugoslavia, the Order of Freedom was awarded in Serbia and Montenegro.

President of Serbia and Montenegro
The president of Serbia and Montenegro (Serbian: Предс(ј)едник Србије и Црне Горе, romanized: Preds(j)ednik Srbije i Crne Gore) was the head of state of Serbia and Montenegro. From its establishment in 1992 until 2003, when the country was reconstituted as a confederacy (state union) via constitutional reform, the head of state was known as the president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbian: Предс(ј)едник Савезне Републике Југославије, romanized: Preds(j)ednik Savezne Republike Jugoslavije). With the constitutional reforms of 2003 and the merging of the offices of head of government and head of state, the full title of the president was President of Serbia and Montenegro and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro (Serbian: Предс(ј)едник Србије и Црне Горе / Предс(ј)едник Сав(ј)ета министара Србије и Црне Горе). In 2006 the office was abolished as the state union was dissolved, with Serbia and Montenegro becoming independent countries.
State road D.300 (Turkey)
D.300 is a major east–west state road spanning 2,004 km (1,245 mi) through central Turkey. The route begins in Çeşme, İzmir and runs east to Kapıköy, Van, on the Turkey-Iran border. The route connects several provincial capitals, including İzmir, Uşak, Afyon, Konya, Aksaray, Kayseri, Malatya, Elazığ, Muş and Van. The route is the second longest state highway in Turkey, after the D.400.

The D.300 is a four-lane highway for most of the route, except for two short sections toward the western end. The route becomes a controlled-access highway within İzmir.

State road D.400 (Turkey)
D.400 is an east–west state road in southern Turkey. The 2,057-kilometre (1,278 mi) road starts at Datça in the southwest corner of the Anatolian peninsula and ends at the Iranian border at Esendere.

D.400 runs through the cities of Marmaris, Fethiye, Antalya, Alanya, Mersin, Adana, Gaziantep, Şanlıurfa, and Hakkâri and links to Road 16 in Iran. Between Nizip and Cizre, D.400 is part of the European route E90.
2005 Manihiki by-election
The 2005 Manihiki by-election was a by-election in the Cook Islands electorate of Manihiki.  It was held on 8 February 2005, shortly after the 2004 general election, and was precipitated by an electoral petition finding the result in the seat to be a dead tie. Both parties to the petition, Prime Minister Robert Woonton and Cook Islands Party leader Henry Puna had agreed that in the event of a draw the question should be decided by the voters, and so Woonton resigned.  As a result, Jim Marurai became prime minister.

Woonton subsequently decided not to contest the election for personal reasons.  The election was won by Henry Puna.

Manihiki (electorate)
Manihiki is a Cook Islands electoral division returning one member to the Cook Islands Parliament.  Its current representative is Henry Puna, who has held the seat since 2010.

The electorate consists of the island of Manihiki.