hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robinson Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Robinson Township is a township in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States, approximately 12 miles (19 km) west of Pittsburgh. The population was 15,503 at the 2020 census. Home to Robinson Town Centre, Settlers Ridge and The Mall at Robinson, the township serves as a retail hub for the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.

Township (Pennsylvania)
A township, under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities, boroughs, and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions.

In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities, and tend to be located in suburban, exurban, or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government.
Hanns-Peter Schmidt
Hanns-Peter Schmidt (1930 – 31 March 2017) was a German Indologist and Iranologist who was Professor of Indo-Iranian Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles. He specialized in the comparative study of the Gathas and Vedas.

Iranian languages
The Iranian languages, or the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, mainly in the Iranian Plateau.

The Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE – 900 CE) and New Iranian (since 900 CE). The two directly attested Old Iranian languages are Old Persian (from the Achaemenid Empire) and Old Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Avesta predates Old Iranian language, Old Avestan (c. 1500 – 900 BCE) and Younger Avestan (c. 900 – 400 BCE). Of the Middle Iranian languages, the better understood and recorded ones are Middle Persian (from the Sasanian Empire), Parthian (from the Parthian Empire), and Bactrian (from the Kushan and Hephthalite empires).
Tin Mountain pegmatite
The Tin Mountain pegmatite is an igneous intrusion located in the southern Black Hills, South Dakota. It is a part of the Harney Peak Granite dome that formed in the Late Paleoproterozoic around 1.7 billion years ago. The Harney Peak Granite system includes thousands of pegmatites, one of which is the Tin Mountain. The Tin Mountain pegmatite is rich in lithium, but was first mined in search of tin, which gave the mountain its name.

Paleoproterozoic
The Paleoproterozoic Era (also spelled Palaeoproterozoic) is the first of the three sub-divisions (eras) of the Proterozoic eon, and also the longest era of the Earth's geological history, spanning from 2,500 to 1,600 million years ago (2.5–1.6 Ga). It is further subdivided into four geologic periods, namely the Siderian, Rhyacian, Orosirian and Statherian.

Paleontological evidence suggests that the Earth's rotational rate ~1.8 billion years ago equated to 20-hour days, implying a total of ~450 days per year. It was during this era that the continents first stabilized.
Unconventional warfare (United States)
In US military doctrine, unconventional warfare (abbreviated UW) is one of the core activities of irregular warfare. Unconventional warfare is essentially support provided by the military to a foreign insurgency or resistance. The legal definition of UW is:

Unconventional Warfare consists of activities conducted to enable a resistance movement or insurgency to coerce, disrupt or overthrow an occupying power or government by operating through or with an underground, auxiliary or guerrilla force in a denied area.

Counterintelligence
Counterintelligence (counter-intelligence) and its primary subfield, counterespionage (counter-espionage), are activities aimed at protecting an agency's intelligence program from an opposition's intelligence service. It includes gathering information and conducting activities to prevent espionage, sabotage, assassinations or other intelligence activities conducted  by, for, or on behalf of foreign powers, organizations or persons.

Many countries will have multiple organizations focusing on a different aspect of counterintelligence, such as domestic, international, and counter-terrorism. Some states will formalize it as part of the police structure, such as the United States' Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Others will establish independent bodies, such as the United Kingdom's MI5, others have both intelligence and counterintelligence grouped under the same agency, like the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS).
Pankaj Mohan Sinha
Air Marshal Pankaj Mohan Sinha, PVSM, AVSM, VSM is a retired officer of the Indian Air Force. He served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C), Western Air Command. He took over the office on 1 January 2023, succeeding of Air Marshal Sreekumar Prabhakaran and superannuated on 31 December 2024.

Ati Vishisht Seva Medal
Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM, lit. 'Very Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India given to recognize "distinguished service of an exceptional order" to all ranks of the armed forces. The award is a peacetime equivalent of Uttam Yuddh Seva Medal, which is a Wartime Distinguished Service decoration.

The award can also be granted posthumously. Subsequent awards are represented by a bar worn on the ribbon. The awardee can use "AVSM" as post-nominal letters.
2011 Fort Lauderdale Strikers season
The 2011 Fort Lauderdale Strikers season was the first season of the new team in the new North American Soccer League. Previously, the Miami FC had fielded a team that played for four seasons in the USL First Division and another for one season in the USSF Division 2 Professional League.  After joining the new NASL, the club connected with the original Fort Lauderdale Striker's club. After 14 years, since 1997, the name and legacy was brought back and now placed together with Miami FC, uniting the clubs under the Striker's name.  This marked the entire club's thirty-seventh season in professional soccer.  In the inaugural year of the league, the club fielded the new team and finished fourth in the regular season.  They made the playoffs and continued into the NASL Championship Series.  They were this year's Runners-up.

Fort Lauderdale Strikers (2006–2016)
The Fort Lauderdale Strikers were an American professional soccer team based in Fort Lauderdale, Florida founded in 2006, that last played in the North American Soccer League (NASL), the second tier of the American soccer pyramid in 2016. The majority of their home games were played in Lockhart Stadium. The Strikers were named after the original Strikers, who played in the old North American Soccer League from 1977 to 1983.

The team was known as Miami FC from 2006 until 2011 before re-branding as the Strikers in 2011. They had an in-state rivalry with the Tampa Bay Rowdies.
Qapulukh
Qapulukh (Persian: قاپولوخ, also Romanized as Qāpūlūkh) is a village that is located in Koshksaray Rural District, in the Central District of Marand County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the time of the 2006 census, its population consisted of 548 people spread across 120 families.

Koshksaray Rural District
Koshksaray Rural District (Persian: دهستان کشکسرای) is in Koshksaray District of Marand County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Zanjireh. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Koshksaray.
Sweden Hills
Sweden Hills (スウェーデンヒルズ, Suwēden Hiruzu) is a Swedish-style village in Tōbetsu, Hokkaidō in Japan.

The houses are wooden and painted falu red. The idea of a Swedish-styled village came when a Swedish ambassador visited the nearby town center of Tobetsu and thought that the climate was quite similar to the Swedish climate. Construction of the village started in 1984. The Swedish holiday of the Midsummer festival is one of the traditions  celebrated annually in the town, for this the residents dress up and wear traditional Swedish clothes. There is also a Swedish kräftskiva (crayfish party) in August.

The Sweden Hills Golf Club, is nearby.

Falun red
Falun red or Falu red (/ˈfɑːluː/ FAH-loo; Swedish: falu rödfärg, pronounced [ˈfɑ̂ːlɵ ˈrø̂ː(d)færj]) is a red iron oxide pigment obtained as a byproduct of the Falun copper mine. It is traditionally used as a pigment in flour-based paint applied to exterior wood surfaces in Sweden, Finland, and Norway.

Falu Rödfärg is a protected trademark, which may only be used for products containing red pigment sourced from the Falun Mine. Rödfärg (Swedish), rödmylla (Finland Swedish) or punamulta (Finnish) can refer to any flour paint containing either natural red ochre or industrial iron oxide pigments.
Milanese Baroque
Milanese Baroque refers to the dominant artistic style between the 17th century and the first half of the 18th century in the city. Due to the work of the Borromeo cardinals and its importance in the Italian domains, at first Spanish and then Austrian, Milan experienced a lively artistic season in which it assumed the role of the driving force behind Lombard Baroque.

Giovanni Battista Crespi
Giovanni Battista Crespi (23 December 1573 – 23 October 1632), called Il Cerano, was an Italian painter, sculptor, and architect. He is one of the most prominent of the Milanese artists of the early 17th century whose work represents a transitional phase between Mannerism and Baroque. He was highly esteemed in his day and patronized by the Fabbrica of Milan Cathedral, the civic authorities and highly distinguished private patrons, such as the Borromeo and Gonzaga families and the House of Savoy.
Mrowina-Kolonia
Mrowina-Kolonia [mrɔˈvina kɔˈlɔɲa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kluczewsko, within Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north-west of Kluczewsko, 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Włoszczowa, and 54 km (34 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

Kluczewsko
Kluczewsko [kluˈt͡ʂɛfskɔ] is a village in Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Kluczewsko. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) north of Włoszczowa and 50 km (31 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.
2011 Guzzini Challenger
The 2011 Guzzini Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Recanati, Italy between 25 and 31 July 2011.

Guzzini Challenger
The Guzzini Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hardcourts. It was part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It was held annually at the Circolo Tennis Francesco Guzzini in Recanati, Italy, from 2003 until 2019.
Nikola Milenković
Nikola Milenković (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Миленковић, pronounced [nǐkola milěːŋkoʋitɕ]; born 12 October 1997) is a Serbian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Premier League club Nottingham Forest and the Serbia national team.

Serbian Cup
The Serbian Cup (Serbian: Куп Србије / Kup Srbije), also known as Mozzart Serbian Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the national football cup of Serbia. The winner of the competition gets a spot in the UEFA Europa League qualifying round.
1995 European Cup (athletics)
The 1995 European Cup was the 16th edition of the European Cup of athletics.

It was the last edition to feature the 10,000 metres event and the first to feature women's 5000 metres. The Super League Finals were held in Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.

European Cup (athletics)
The European Cup is a former athletics competition for European teams that was replaced by the European Team Championships starting in 2009 and was organized by the European Athletics Association. The European Cup saw most of the major nations of Europe compete. Originally known as the Bruno Zauli Cup, it first took place in 1965 in Stuttgart (men) and Kassel (women), West Germany. Initially, the competition was a bi-annual event (tri-annual once); however, from 1993, it took place once every year.
Saint-Étienne River
The Saint-Étienne River is a tributary of the south shore of the Saguenay River flowing into the municipality of Petit-Saguenay in the Saguenay Fjord, Quebec, Canada. In the end, this river crosses the Saguenay Fjord National Park.

The Saint-Étienne River Valley is mainly served by Chemin Saint-Étienne and Chemin du Lac Fidelin.

Forestry is the first economic activity in the sector; recreational tourism activities, second.

The surface of the Saint-Étienne River is usually frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, however, safe ice circulation is generally from mid-December to mid-March.

Le Fjord-du-Saguenay Regional County Municipality
Le Fjord-du-Saguenay  (French pronunciation: [lə fjɔʁ dy saɡnɛ], The Fjord of the Saguenay [river]) is a regional county municipality in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada. Its seat is Saint-Honoré, which is also its most populous municipality.

It is named for the fjord part of the Saguenay River, protruding out of the Saint Lawrence River into the southern section of the RCM. It is located adjacent to the city of Saguenay and practically surrounds it. It has a land area of 40,232.41 km2 (15,533.82 sq mi) and a Canada 2011 Census population of 20,465 inhabitants.

Le Fjord-du-Saguenay is one of the few regional county municipalities in Quebec that does not constitute its own census division; instead, it is grouped with Saguenay as the single census division of Le Saguenay-et-son-Fjord; the territory of the census division corresponds exactly to that of the old pre-2002 Le Fjord-du-Saguenay regional county municipality.
Spool (software company)
Spool was a free social bookmarking program and social network that was launched in October 2011 at TechCrunch Disrupt. The service allowed users to cache a webpage, including any media on the page, for offline consumption on any mobile device. Spool raised over $1 million from angel investors in January 2012. Facebook, Inc. acquired Spool in July 2012, in what was rumored to be a very competitive process.

Social bookmarking
Social bookmarking is an online service which allows users to add, annotate, edit, and share bookmarks of web documents. Many online bookmark management services have launched since 1996; Delicious, founded in 2003, popularized the terms "social bookmarking" and "tagging". Tagging is a significant feature of social bookmarking systems, allowing users to organize their bookmarks and develop shared vocabularies known as folksonomies.
King's Gambit, McDonnell Gambit
The McDonnell Gambit is a chess opening gambit in the King's Gambit, Classical Variation, that begins with the moves:

1. e4 e5

2. f4 exf4

3. Nf3 g5

4. Bc4 g4

5. Nc3

It can also be reached via the Quaade Gambit:

4. Nc3 g4

5. Bc4

The opening is named after Alexander McDonnell, a 19th-century Irish chess master, who successfully introduced it in his third match with Louis-Charles Mahé de La Bourdonnais. The aim is to gain a significant lead in development (knight, bishop, and queen) for the sacrificed knight, followed by a kingside attack.

The McDonnell Gambit has always been much less popular for White than the similarly motivated Muzio Gambit (4.Bc4 g4 5.0-0). Although considered obsolete by MCO, it has not been refuted. It should not be confused with the McDonnell Attack, found in the Bishop's Gambit (3.Bc4).

Modern Chess Openings
Modern Chess Openings (usually called MCO) is a reference book on chess openings, first published in 1911 by the British players Richard Clewin Griffith (1872–1955) and John Herbert White (1880–1920). The fifteenth edition was published in 2008. Harry Golombek called it "the first scientific study of the openings in the twentieth century".
European printmaking in the 19th century
European printmaking in the 19th century describes the contours of printmaking in Europe during the 1800s. Printmaking evolved greatly over that century, and a variety of novel techniques and artistic movements impacted the field.

Jean-François Millet
Jean-François Millet (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ fʁɑ̃swa milɛ]; 4 October 1814 – 20 January 1875) was a French artist and one of the founders of the Barbizon school in rural France. Millet is noted for his paintings of peasant farmers and can be categorized as part of the Realism art movement. Toward the end of his career, he became increasingly interested in painting pure landscapes. He is known best for his oil paintings but is also noted for his pastels, Conté crayon drawings, and etchings.
Louis Armstrong Hot Five and Hot Seven Sessions
The Louis Armstrong Hot Five and Hot Seven Sessions were recorded between 1925 and 1928 by Louis Armstrong with his Hot Five and Hot Seven groups. According to the National Recording Registry, "Louis Armstrong was jazz's first great soloist and is among American music's most important and influential figures. These sessions, his solos in particular, set a standard musicians still strive to equal in their beauty and innovation."  These recordings were added to the National Recording Registry in 2002, the first year of the institution's existence.

Ron Wynn and Bruce Boyd Raeburn, writing for the All Music Guide to Jazz, note that "these recordings radically altered jazz's focus; instead of collective playing, Armstrong's spectacular instrumental (and vocal) improvisations redefined the music." Armstrong helped popularize scat singing in "Heebie Jeebies," and his solo on "Potato Head Blues" helped establish the stop-time technique in jazz.

Lil Hardin Armstrong
Lillian Hardin Armstrong (née Hardin; February 3, 1898 – August 27, 1971) was an American jazz pianist, composer, arranger, singer, and bandleader. She was the second wife of Louis Armstrong, with whom she collaborated on many recordings in the 1920s.

Her compositions include "Struttin' with Some Barbecue", "Don't Jive Me", "Two Deuces", "Knee Drops", "Doin' the Suzie-Q", "Just for a Thrill" (which was a hit when revived by Ray Charles in 1959), "Clip Joint", and "Bad Boy" (a hit for the Jive Bombers in 1957). Armstrong was inducted into the Memphis Music Hall of Fame in 2014.
János Székely (writer)
János Székely (7 July 1901, Budapest – 16 December 1958, East Berlin) was a Jewish Hungarian writer and screenwriter. His best-known work is the 1949 autobiographical novel Kísértés (Temptation).

He published some of his books under the pen name John Pen. Further alternative names of his were Hans Székely and John S. Toldy. At the age of 18, he fled World War I, from Hungary to Germany. In Berlin, he wrote numerous screenplays for silent movie stars like Brigitte Helm, Willy Fritsch, Marlene Dietrich and Emil Jannings. Ernst Lubitsch in 1934 invited him to work in Hollywood. In 1938 he emigrated to the United States and became a sought-after screenwriter for silent and sound films. In 1940 he was awarded the Academy Award for Best Story for Arise, My Love. In the McCarthy era, he left the United States, moved to Mexico, and in 1957 to East Berlin to work with the DEFA film studio.

Academy Award for Best Story
The Academy Award for Best Story was an Academy Award given from the beginning of the Academy Awards until 1956. The award co-existed with the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay and Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. The Oscar for Best Story most closely resembles the usage of modern film treatments, or prose documents that describe the entire plot and characters, but typically lack most dialogue. A separate screenwriter would convert the story into a full screenplay.

As an example, at the 1944 Academy Awards, producer and director Leo McCarey won Best Story for Going My Way while screenwriters Frank Butler and Frank Cavett won Best Screenplay. The elimination of this category in 1956 reflected the decline of Hollywood's studio system and the emergence of independent screenwriters.
Ishq Jalebi
Ishq Jalebi is a 2021 Pakistani romantic comedy television series, directed by Syed Wajahat Hussain and written by Saima Akram Chaudhry for 7th Sky Entertainment produced by Abdullah Kadwani and Asad Qureshi. It premiered on 14 April 2021 on Geo Entertainment and aired during Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr. 
It features Wahaj Ali and Madiha Imam as leads. Noor ul Hassan, Qavi Khan, Mehmood Aslam and many others were also part of the cast. The drama emerged as a huge critical success and was highly appreciated by the audience.

Pakistani dramas
Pakistani dramas, or Pakistani serials, are televised serials produced in Pakistan. Although most of the serials are produced in Urdu, an increasing number are produced in other Pakistani languages such as Sindhi, Pashto, Punjabi and Balochi. One of Pakistan's oldest television dramas is the Urdu serial Khuda Ki Basti, which aired in 1969. Pakistani dramas, like serials elsewhere, reflect the country's culture. According to critics, the decades of 1970s and 1980s are considered to be the golden age of Pakistani serials.

In 2016, a Dawn News report estimated that the five major entertainment channels combined produce around 80 dramas every year, with an average of 16 dramas per channel.

They have helped to attract viewers nationwide to television. The serials are widely popular in South Asian countries, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal.
Alberto Terrile
Alberto Terrile (born 11 March 1961) is an Italian-born photographer. Mostly known in France, Italy and the US for his work-in-progress about angels, he is also active in publishing, theatre, music, cinema and advertising. He specialises in black-and-white portraits, for which he has won several prizes; his most acclaimed works include live performances of Corrado Rustici, Dee Dee Bridgewater and Ute Lemper. Personal expositions of his pictures have taken place in Milan, Rome, Berlin, Paris, Avignon, Chicago, Montreal and Toronto.

Musée du Petit Palais, Avignon
The Musée du Petit Palais (Occitan: Museu dels Pichon Palai) is a museum and art gallery in Avignon, southern France.  It opened in 1976 and has an exceptional collection of  "primitives" and early Renaissance paintings from Italy, which reunites those of the collection of Giampietro Campana deposed by the Musée du Louvre as well as paintings of the Avignon school deposed  by the Musée Calvet. It is housed in a 14th-century building at the north side of the square overlooked by the Palais des Papes. The building, built in the early 14th century as the residence of the bishops of Avignon, was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the historic center of Avignon in 1995.
HD 163145
HD 163145 is a single star in the constellation Scorpius, near the southeast constellation border with Corona Australis. It has an orange hue and is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.85. Based on parallax measurements, it is located at a distance of approximately 307 light years from the Sun. The star is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +35.6 km/s, having come to within 49.2 light-years of the Sun some 1.871 million years ago. It has an absolute magnitude of 0.12.

This object is an aging giant star with a stellar classification of K2 III. With the supply of hydrogen exhausted at its core, the star has cooled and expanded off the main sequence. At present it has 20 times the radius of the Sun. The star is radiating 147 times the Sun's luminosity from its swollen photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,450 K.

Scorpius
Scorpius is a zodiac constellation located in the Southern celestial hemisphere, where it sits near the center of the Milky Way, between Libra to the west and Sagittarius to the east. Scorpius is an ancient constellation whose recognition predates Greek culture; it is one of the 48 constellations identified by the Greek astronomer Ptolemy in the second century.