hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rhodo
Rhodo was a Christian writer who flourished in the time of the Roman emperor Commodus (180-92); he was a native of the province of Asia Minor who came to Rome where he was a pupil of Tatian.

He wrote several books, two of which are mentioned by Eusebius of Caesarea:  a treatise on "The Six Days of Creation", and a work against the Marcionites, in which he focussed upon the various opinions which divided them. Eusebius, upon whom modern historians depend exclusively for our knowledge of Rhodo, quotes some passages from the latter work, in one of which an account is given of the Marcionite Apelles.

Jerome's De Viris Illustribus amplifies Eusebius's account somewhat by making Rhodo the author of a work against the Cataphrygians: probably he had in mind an anonymous work quoted by Eusebius a little later.

Apelles (Gnostic)
Apelles (Greek: Aπελλής) was a second-century Gnostic Christian thinker. He began his ministry as a disciple of Marcion of Sinope, likely in Rome. However, at some point, Apelles either left or was expelled from the Marcionite church.

According to Tertullian, this separation occurred because Apelles became involved with a woman named Philumena, who claimed to be possessed by an angel that revealed 'revelations' to her. Apelles publicly read these revelations, which was seen as controversial. Since Marcion preached that Christians should practice celibacy and abstain from marriage, Apelles' relationship with Philumena was deemed unacceptable by the Marcionite church.

After his departure from the Marcionite community, Apelles traveled to Alexandria, where he developed his own distinctive theological doctrine — a modified form of Marcionism.
Jupiter (lenses)
The Jupiter (Russian: Юпитер, "Jupiter") series of lenses are Russian camera lenses made by various manufacturers in the former Soviet Union. They were made to fit many camera types of the time, from pre-WWII rangefinders to almost modern SLRs. They are copied from Zeiss pre-WWII designs with incremental improvements, such as coatings, introduced during production. The majority of them are based on Zeiss Sonnar optical scheme, but that's not a rule.

Pentax K-mount
The Pentax K-mount, sometimes referred to as the “PK-mount", is a bayonet lens mount standard for mounting interchangeable photographic lenses to 35 mm single-lens reflex (SLR) cameras. It was created by Pentax in 1975, and has since been used by all Pentax 35 mm and digital SLRs and also the MILC Pentax K-01. A number of other manufacturers have also produced many K-mount lenses and K-mount cameras.
Lynedoch, Ontario
Lynedoch is a village in Norfolk County, Ontario, Canada, and was named after Baron Lynedoch who served under Lord Wellington during the War of 1812.

Lynedoch is located northwest of Pine Grove, southwest of Delhi, and west of Simcoe.

Simcoe, Ontario
Simcoe is an unincorporated community and former town in Southwestern Ontario, Canada near Lake Erie. It is the county seat and largest community of Norfolk County. Simcoe is at the junction of Highway 3, at Highway 24, due south of Brantford, and accessible to Hamilton by nearby Highway 6. The largest of the communities in Norfolk County, Simcoe had a population of 16,121 at the time of the 2021 Census.
Edmund Lechmere (Worcestershire MP)
Edmund Lechmere (4 April 1710 – 29 March 1805) was a British politician, MP for Worcestershire 1734–1747.

Lechmere was the son of Anthony Lechmere MP (1710–1805), and the nephew of Nicholas Lechmere, 1st Baron Lechmere, Attorney General.

He was educated by Mr. Vaslett at Fulham, and matriculated at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1728.

He served as High Sheriff of Worcestershire in 1732–33.

Horace Walpole described Lechmere as "a great grazier and a mere country squire". Unlike his father and his uncle, he was a Tory, who consistently voted against the Whig government.

Lechmere and Sir Herbert Pakington, Bt were elected unopposed for Worcestershire in 1734; Lechmere and fellow Tory Edmund Pytts defeated two Whigs in 1741. Lechmere did not stand in 1747.

He died on 29 March 1805, a few days short of his 95th birthday, and was buried at Hanley on 5 April 1805.

Nicholas Lechmere, 1st Baron Lechmere
Nicholas Lechmere, 1st Baron Lechmere PC (5 August 1675 – 18 June 1727) was an English lawyer and Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1708 until 1721 when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Lechmere. He served as Attorney-General and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.
Carlos Quentin
Carlos José Quentin (born August 28, 1982) is an American former professional baseball outfielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Arizona Diamondbacks, Chicago White Sox and San Diego Padres. In 2008 and 2011, Quentin was selected as an All-Star.

Hit by pitch
In baseball, hit by pitch (HBP) is an event in which a batter or his clothing or equipment (other than his bat) is struck directly by a pitch from the pitcher; the batter is called a hit batsman (HB). A hit batsman is awarded first base, provided that (in the plate umpire's judgment) he made an honest effort to avoid the pitch, although failure to do so is rarely called by an umpire. Being hit by a pitch is often caused by a batter standing too close to, or "crowding", home plate.

The rule dates from 1887; before that, a pitch that struck the batter was merely a ball.
Plackwald
The Plackwald is a ridge of hills, up to 581.5 m above sea level (NHN), and part of the Rhenish Massif in the counties of Soest and Hochsauerlandkreis, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Within the North Sauerland Highlands (Unit number 334) it forms the natural region sub-unit of Plackweghöhe (Plackwald) (334.5).

Arnsberg
Arnsberg (German pronunciation: [ˈaʁnsbɛʁk] ⓘ; Westphalian: Arensperg) is a town in the Hochsauerland county, in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is the location of the Regierungsbezirk Arnsberg administration and one of the three local administration offices of the Hochsauerlandkreis district.
Paddle-tailed darner
The paddle-tailed darner (Aeshna palmata) is a species of dragonfly in the family Aeshnidae. It is common throughout western Canada and United States. This species is named after its distinctive paddle-shaped appendages. It lives in many habitats, particularly lakes, ponds, and slow streams, usually with dense shore vegetation. Aeshna palmata was scientifically described for the first time in 1856 by Hermann Hagen.

Aeshnidae
Aeshnidae, also called aeshnids, hawkers, or darners, is a family of dragonflies, found nearly worldwide, with more than 50 genera and over 450 species.

The family includes some of the largest dragonflies, and can be over three inches long.
Larry Kenney
Larry Kenney (born August 5, 1947) is an American voice actor and radio personality. He is best known for voicing Lion-O in ThunderCats and being the second voice of Count Chocula after Bob McFadden and the original voice of  Sonny the Cuckoo Bird.

Bob McFadden
Robert McFadden (January 19, 1923 – January 7, 2000) was an American singer, impressionist, and voice-over actor perhaps best known for his many contributions to animated cartoons.

His most popular television cartoon characters included Milton the Monster from the ABC series The Milton The Monster Show; Cool McCool from the NBC series Cool McCool; and Snarf from the syndicated series ThunderCats.

McFadden was also the voice behind numerous radio and television commercial parts including Franken Berry in the animated commercials for the General Mills Franken Berry cereal as well as the pet parrot who cackled "ring around the collar" in the TV commercials for Wisk laundry detergent. He also performed the voices for the Sad Cat theatrical cartoons.
Viktor Astafyev
Viktor Petrovich Astafyev (Russian: Ви́ктор Петро́вич Аста́фьев; 1 May 1924 – 29 November 2001) was a Soviet and Russian writer, playwright and screenwriter. He was recognized with the title Hero of Socialist Labour in 1989.

Order of the Red Star
The Order of the Red Star (Russian: Орден Красной Звезды, romanised: Orden Krasnoy Zvezdy) was a military decoration of the Soviet Union.  It was established by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 6 April 1930 but its statute was only defined in decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 5 May 1930. That statute was amended by decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 7 May 1936, of 19 June 1943, of 26 February 1946, of 15 October 1947, of 16 December 1947 and by decree No 1803-X of 28 March 1980.
1934–35 Serie A
The 1934-35 Serie A was the thirty-fifth edition of the Italian Football Championship and its sixth season since 1929 re-branding to create Serie A. It was the twelfth season from which the Italian Football Champions adorned their team jerseys in the subsequent season with a Scudetto. Juventus were champions for the last of five successive season and for the seventh time in their history. This was their sixth scudetto since the scudetto started being awarded in 1924 and their fifth win contested as Serie A.

1923–24 Prima Divisione
The 1923-24 Prima Divisione was the twenty-fourth edition of the Italian Football Championship and the third branded Prima Divisione. The 1923–24 Prima Divisione was the ninth Italian Football Championship won by Genoa. Genoa's win that season was the first in which the Italian Football Champions celebrated by adorning the team jerseys the following season with a Scudetto.
Bahius
Bahius is a genus of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It contains a single species, Bahius bilineatus, commonly called the two-lined robber frog.

B. bilineatus was long classified in the genus Eleutherodactylus in the family Eleutherodactylidae, until later studies found it to form a clade with Noblella and Barycholos within subfamily Holoadeninae. Due to this, it was reclassified to the monotypic genus Bahius.

It is endemic to the Bahia state in eastern Brazil.
Its natural habitat is lowland moist forest, but it also occurs in cocoa plantations. With trees around, it accepts habitat alteration. It has been found in leaf litter and in bromeliads. It can be threatened by habitat loss.

Noblella
Noblella is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. They are found on the eastern slopes of the Andes and in the Amazon Basin in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and western Brazil. The name refers to Gladwyn K. Noble, who described the first species.
Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres
The men's 400 metres was the third-shortest of the men's track races in the Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics program in Tokyo.  It was held on 17 October, 18 October, and 19 October 1964.  55 athletes from 36 nations entered, with 5 not starting in the first round. The first two rounds were held on 17 October, with the semifinals on 18 October and the final on 19 October. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by 0.1 seconds by Mike Larrabee of the United States, the third consecutive and tenth overall victory for an American in the event. Trinidad and Tobago and Poland each earned their first medal in the 400 metres.

Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics
At the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, the athletics competition included 36 events, 24 for men and 12 for women.  The women's 400 metres and women's pentathlon events were newly introduced at these Games. There were a total number of 1016 participating athletes from 82 countries.
SigSpoof
SigSpoof (CVE-2018-12020) is a family of security vulnerabilities that affected the software package GNU Privacy Guard ("GnuPG") since version 0.2.2, that was released in 1998. Several other software packages that make use of GnuPG were also affected, such as Pass and Enigmail.

In un-patched versions of affected software, SigSpoof attacks allow cryptographic signatures to be convincingly spoofed, under certain circumstances. This potentially enables a wide range of subsidiary attacks to succeed.

Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures
The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system, originally Common Vulnerability Enumeration, provides a reference method for publicly known information-security vulnerabilities and exposures. The United States' Homeland Security Systems Engineering and Development Institute FFRDC, operated by The MITRE Corporation, maintains the system, with funding from the US National Cyber Security Division of the US Department of Homeland Security. The system was officially launched for the public in September 1999.

The Security Content Automation Protocol uses CVE, and CVE IDs are listed on MITRE's system as well as the basis for the US National Vulnerability Database.
Pehuenchesuchus
Pehuenchesuchus (meaning "Pehuenche crocodile", after the Mapuche name for the region in which it was found) is an extinct genus of sebecosuchian mesoeucrocodylian.  It was discovered in rocks of the late Turonian-Coniacian-age Upper Cretaceous Río Neuquén Formation (Neuquén Group, near Rincón de los Sauces, Neuquén, Argentina.

Neuquén Group
The Neuquén Group is a group of geologic formations found in Argentina. Rocks in the Neuquén Group fall within the Cenomanian to early Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous Period. It overlies the older Lohan Cura Formation and is itself overlain by the younger Allen Formation of the Malargüe Group, separated from both by unconformities, dated to 98 and 79 Ma respectively.
Soldat Island
Soldat Island is an elongated rocky island, 4.6 kilometres (2.5 nmi) long, lying south of Partizan Island in the south part of the entrance to Langnes Fjord, Vestfold Hills. This feature was photographed by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936–37), but was plotted on the subsequent maps as a peninsula. It was first shown to be an island by John Roscoe's 1952 study of aerial photographs of the area taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47). The area was photographed by ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) (1954–58) and the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1956), the latter applying the name Ostrov Soldat (soldier island).

Partizan Island
Partizan Island is an island in Antarctica. This hook-shaped island 5.6 kilometres (3 nmi) long lies in the middle of the entrance to Langnes Fjord, Vestfold Hills. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936–37). They gave the name Onguloy (Fishook Island), but that name might be confused with the better known Ongul Island, the site of recent Japanese Antarctic Research Expeditions. The area was subsequently photographed from the air by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47), ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) (1954–58), and the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1956). It was renamed Ostrov Partizan (Partisan Island) by the Soviet expedition.
St Joseph's GAA (Laois)
St Joseph's GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association Gaelic football club in south eastern County Laois, Ireland. It won ten Laois Senior Football Championship titles between 1973 and 2023. The club colours are yellow with blue trim. The main club grounds are located at Kellyville (north of Ballintubbert) with a secondary grounds at Milltown (west of Ballylinan).

Barrowhouse GAA
Barrowhouse GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in County Laois located in the townland of Barrowhouse which is close to the border with County Kildare near the town of Athy in the Republic of Ireland.
Erica sicifolia
Erica sicifolia is a plant belonging to the genus Erica and is part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs in the Riviersonderend Mountains. There are four subpopulations and they are threatened by pine trees, an invasive plant.

Erica (plant)
Erica is a genus of roughly 857 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. The English common names heath and heather are shared by some closely related genera of similar appearance. The genus Calluna was formerly included in Erica; it differs in having even smaller scale-leaves (less than 2–3 millimetres long), and the flower corolla consisting of separate petals. Erica is sometimes referred to as "winter (or spring) heather" to distinguish it from Calluna "summer (or autumn) heather".
1st British Academy Games Awards
The 1st British Academy Video Games Awards, awarded by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, was an award ceremony held in February 2004 at the Radisson Portman Hotel in London. Hosted by Bill Bailey, the ceremony honoured achievement in 2003. Grand Theft Auto: Vice City was the major winner on the night, taking six out of the eight awards available.

2003 in video games
2003 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Tony Hawk's Underground, Madden NFL 2004, NBA Live 2004, ESPN NBA Basketball, Saya no Uta: The Song of Saya, Final Fantasy X-2, Mario Kart: Double Dash, Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga, Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time, Sonic Heroes, Postal 2, Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic, Uru: Ages Beyond Myst,  and WWE SmackDown! Here Comes the Pain. New intellectual properties included Beyond Good & Evil, Boktai: The Sun is in Your Hand, Call of Duty, Disgaea, Drakengard, Manhunt, PlanetSide, TrackMania, True Crime: Streets of LA, and Viewtiful Joe. The year's best-selling video game worldwide was Pokémon Ruby/Sapphire, the fifth time a Pokémon games was the annual worldwide top-seller (since 1998).
Peter Verigin
Peter Vasilevich Verigin (Russian: Пётр Васильевич Веригин) often known as Peter "the Lordly" Verigin (12 July [O.S. 29 June] 1859 - 29 October 1924) was a Russian philosopher, activist, and leader of the Community Doukhobors in Canada. The perpetrators of his assassination in 1924 have never been identified.

Grand Forks, British Columbia
Grand Forks is a city in the Boundary Country of the West Kootenay region of British Columbia, Canada. It is located at the confluence of the Granby and Kettle Rivers, the latter being a tributary of the Columbia River. The city is just north of the Canada–United States border, approximately 500 km (310 mi) from Vancouver and 200 km (120 mi) from Kelowna and 23 km (14 mi) west of the resort area of Christina Lake by road.
Paletta
Paletta is a surname of Italian origin, a diminutive of Pala. There are many different spellings, including Palotta, Pallotta, Pallone, and Pallotti.

The first known usage of the name was in Rome, where the "Palloti di Roma" were located.

Families with variants of this surname are located in Rome, Piedmont, Milan, Scanno (Abruzzo), and Bologna.

Pallotta
Pallotta is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dan Pallotta (born 1961), American businessman

Emidio Pallotta (1803–1868), Italian painter and architect

Gabriella Pallotta (born 1938), Italian actress

Giovanni Battista Maria Pallotta (1594–1668), Italian cardinal

Giovanni Evangelista Pallotta (1548–1620), Italian cardinal

Guglielmo Pallotta (1727–1795), Italian cardinal

James Pallotta (born 1958), American businessman

Blessed Maria Assunta Pallotta (1878–1905), Italian Roman Catholic professed religious

Leonida Pallotta (1910–?), Italian footballer

Tommy Pallotta (born 1968), American film director and producer
Axino
The axino is a hypothetical elementary particle predicted by some theories of particle physics.  Peccei–Quinn theory attempts to explain the observed phenomenon known as the strong CP problem by introducing a hypothetical real scalar particle called the axion.  Adding supersymmetry to the model predicts the existence of a fermionic superpartner for the axion, the axino, and a bosonic superpartner, the saxion. They are all bundled up in a chiral superfield.

The axino has been predicted to be the lightest supersymmetric particle in such a model.  In part due to this property, it is considered a candidate for the composition of dark matter.

The supermultiplet containing an axion and axino has been suggested as the origin of supersymmetry breaking, where the supermultiplet gains an F-term expectation value.

Superpartner
In particle physics, a superpartner (also sparticle) is a class of hypothetical elementary particles predicted by supersymmetry, which, among other applications, is one of the well-studied ways to extend the Standard Model of high-energy physics.

When considering extensions of the Standard Model, the s- prefix from sparticle is used to form names of superpartners of the Standard Model fermions (sfermions), e.g. the stop squark. The superpartners of Standard Model bosons have an -ino (bosinos) appended to their name, e.g. gluino, the set of all gauge superpartners are called the gauginos.
Pinyin input method
The pinyin method (simplified Chinese: 拼音输入法; traditional Chinese: 拼音輸入法; pinyin: pīnyīn shūrù fǎ) refers to a family of input methods based on the pinyin method of romanization.

In the most basic form, the pinyin method allows a user to input Chinese characters by entering the pinyin of a Chinese character and then presenting the user with a list of possible characters with that pronunciation. However, there are a number of slightly different such systems in use, and modern pinyin methods provide a number of convenient features.

Autocomplete
Autocomplete, or word completion, is a feature in which an application predicts the rest of a word a user is typing. In Android and iOS smartphones, this is called predictive text. In graphical user interfaces, users can typically press the tab key to accept a suggestion or the down arrow key to accept one of several.

Autocomplete speeds up human-computer interactions when it correctly predicts the word a user intends to enter after only a few characters have been typed into a text input field. It works best in domains with a limited number of possible words (such as in command line interpreters), when some words are much more common (such as when addressing an e-mail), or writing structured and predictable text (as in source code editors).

Many autocomplete algorithms learn new words after the user has written them a few times, and can suggest alternatives based on the learned habits of the individual user.
St. Wendel (electoral district)
St. Wendel is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 298. It is located in northeastern Saarland, comprising the Sankt Wendel district, the northern part of the Neunkirchen district, and parts of the Saarlouis and Saarbrücken districts.

St. Wendel was created for the inaugural 1957 federal election after the accession of Saarland to Germany. From 2021 to 2025, it has been represented by Christian Petry of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). Since 2025 it is been represented by Roland Theis of the  CDU.

Neunkirchen (German district)
Neunkirchen (German: [ˈnɔʏnkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ) is a Kreis (district) in the middle of the Saarland, Germany. Neighboring districts are Sankt Wendel, Saarpfalz, Saarbrücken, and Saarlouis in Saarland and Kusel in Rhineland-Palatinate
Ned Block
Ned Joel Block (born 1942) is an American philosopher working in philosophy of mind who has made important contributions to the understanding of consciousness and the philosophy of cognitive science. He has been professor of philosophy and psychology at New York University since 1996, and a Silver Professor since 2005.

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.