hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1862 Town of New Plymouth by-election
The 1862 Town of New Plymouth by-election was a by-election held on 5 May in the Town of New Plymouth electorate during the 3rd New Zealand Parliament.

The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent, William Richmond.

He was replaced by Isaac Newton Watt.

Watt was the only nomination, so was declared elected unopposed.

New Plymouth (electorate)
New Plymouth is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was first created for the 1st New Zealand Parliament in 1853 and has existed since, with one 32-year interruption. The electorate was initially called Town of New Plymouth.

The electorate is currently held by David MacLeod for National. He defeated Labour’s Glen Bennett in the 2023 general election by 6,991 votes.
1961 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 1961 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 35th series of the inter-provincial hurling Railway Cup. Three matches were played between 19 February 1961 and 17 March 1961 to decide the title. It was contested by Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster.

Munster entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 17 March 1961, Munster won the Railway Cup after a 4-12 to 3-09 defeat of Leinster in the final at Croke Park, Dublin. It was their fifth  Railway Cup title in succession.

Munster's Jimmy Doyle was the Railway Cup top scorer with 2-10.

1960 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 1960 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 34th series of the inter-provincial hurling Railway Cup. Three matches were played between 21 February 1960 and 17 March 1960 to decide the title. It was contested by Connacht, Leinster, Ulster and Munster.

Munster entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 17 March 1960, Munster won the Railway Cup after a 6-06 to 2-07 defeat of Leinster in the final at Croke Park, Dublin. It was their fourth Railway Cup title in succession.

Munster's Paddy Barry was the Railway Cup top scorer with 4-01.
2009 NK Široki Brijeg–FK Sarajevo football riots
The NK Široki Brijeg–FK Sarajevo football riot was a riot involving the football clubs NK Široki Brijeg (supported mostly by Herzegovian Croat fans) and FK Sarajevo (supported mostly by Bosniak fans) during a leg of the 2009 Bosnian-Herzegovian Premier League in the Herzegovian town of Široki Brijeg. During the riot members of Horde Zla ("Legions of Evil", a FK Sarajevo supporters group) and Škripari (a NK Široki Brijeg supporters group) confronted each other in altercations which subsequently spilled out to the majority of the town. Horde Zla burned cars and demolished shops while Škripari and residents of Široki Brijeg stoned Horde Zla buses and shot at supporters. Horde Zla also claim multiple counts of severe police brutality which led to the death of Horde Zla member Vedran Puljić from gunshot wounds.

NK Široki Brijeg
Nogometni klub Široki Brijeg (English: Široki Brijeg Football Club) is a professional association football club from the city of Široki Brijeg, that is situated in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Currently, Široki Brijeg plays in the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina and plays its home matches on Pecara Stadium which a capacity of 7,000 seats. The club also has a fully equipped sports and recreational center outside the town which is used as a training ground for the team.
Six Nations Rivermen
The Six Nations Rivermen are a Senior box lacrosse team. The team played in the City of Ohsweken, Ontario, Canada and participate in the OLA Senior B Lacrosse League. They most recently won the Presidents Cup in 2019, and the OLA Senior B League in 2024.

Ohsweken, Ontario
Ohsweken (/oʊʃˈwiːkɛn/) is a dispersed rural community located within the Six Nations of the Grand River, in Brant County, Ontario, Canada.  Approximately 300 of the 2,700 homes on the reserve are in Ohsweken, and it is the site of the reserve governmental and administrative offices.
Watom Island
Watom Island is an inhabited island in the Bismarck Sea in Papua New Guinea, located just off the mainland of the northern coast of New Britain, near Rabaul. It lies to the north-east of Urara Island. The island is almost entirely forested except for a few scattered settlements. The highest point of the island approaches 320 metres. Watom's Wall, a "classic wall dive well", located on the northern coast, is a notable diving location.

The island is administered under Watom Island Rural LLG in East New Britain Province.

During World War II, the island served as a prisoner of war camp for British soldiers captured at Singapore. Only 18 survived out of the original 600 shipped out on the Matsa Maru in November 1942. The last surviving 21 POWs were incarcerated on the island at the beginning of 1944, a further three dying by the end of the war leaving only 18 to return home.

East New Britain Province
East New Britain is a province of Papua New Guinea, consisting of the north-eastern part of the island of New Britain and the Duke of York Islands. The capital of the province is Kokopo, not far from the old capital of Rabaul, which was largely destroyed in a volcanic eruption in 1994. East New Britain covers a total land area of 15,816 square kilometres (6,107 sq mi), and the province's population was reported as 220,133 in the 2000 census, rising to 328,369 in the 2011 count. Provincial coastal waters extend over an area of 104,000 square metres (26 acres). The province's only land border is with West New Britain Province to the west, and it also shares a maritime border with New Ireland Province to the east.

East New Britain has a dual economy: a cash economy operates side by side with the subsistence-farming sector. The main crops produced for export are cocoa and copra. Tourism continues to be an increasingly important sector of the provincial economy.
David C. Richardson (Virginia politician)
David Crockett Richardson (June 7, 1845 – October 4, 1928) was a Confederate soldier and later the mayor of Richmond, Virginia from 1908 to 1912.

Richardson was Richmond Police Justice from 1880 to 1888. He was the chair and president of the association responsible for the Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument unveiled in 1894. He was director of the Richmond Chamber of Commerce from 1906 to 1908. He became president of the Virginia Bar Association in 1907.

Mayor of Richmond, Virginia
The Mayor of the City of Richmond, Virginia is head of the executive branch of Richmond, Virginia's city government. The mayor's office administers all city services, public property, police and fire protection, and most public agencies, and enforces all city, state and federal laws within Richmond, Virginia.

The mayor looks over a city budget at roughly $765 million a year.
Δ18O
In  geochemistry, paleoclimatology and paleoceanography δ18O or delta-O-18 is a measure of the deviation in ratio of stable isotopes oxygen-18 (18O) and oxygen-16 (16O). 
It is commonly used as a measure of the temperature of precipitation, as a measure of groundwater/mineral interactions, and as an indicator of processes that show isotopic fractionation, like methanogenesis. 
In paleosciences, 18O:16O data from corals, foraminifera and ice cores are used as a proxy for temperature.

It is defined as the deviation in "per mil" (‰, parts per thousand) between a sample and a standard:

‰

where the standard has a known isotopic composition, such as Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW).   The fractionation can arise from kinetic, equilibrium, or mass-independent fractionation.

Geochemistry
Geochemistry is the science that uses the tools and principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms behind major geological systems such as the Earth's crust and its oceans.: 1  The realm of geochemistry extends beyond the Earth, encompassing the entire Solar System, and has made important contributions to the understanding of a number of processes including mantle convection, the formation of planets and the origins of granite and basalt.: 1  It is an integrated field of chemistry and geology.
National Treatment Purchase Fund
The National Treatment Purchase Fund (NTPF) is an Irish government body which was established to decrease waiting lists in the Irish public healthcare system.

The Fund was established in May 2004 by order of the Minister for Health and Children, Micheál Martin. Its remit was extended under the Nursing Homes Support Scheme Act 2009. The NTPF reduced waiting times for procedures from between 2 and 5 years in 2002 to an average of 2.4 months in 2009.

Minister for Health (Ireland)
The Minister for Health (Irish: An tAire Sláinte) is a senior minister in the Government of Ireland and leads the Department of Health. The Minister for Health is responsible for healthcare in Ireland and related services.

The current Minister for Health is Jennifer Carroll MacNeill, TD. She is assisted by:

Mary Butler, TD – Minister of State for mental health

Jennifer Murnane O'Connor, TD – Minister of State for public health, well-being and drugs; and

Kieran O'Donnell, TD – Minister of State for older people
2013 Kazan Kremlin Cup
The 2013 Kazan Kremlin Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Kazan, Russia between 21 and 27 October 2013.

2013 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The 2013 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 149 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $220,000.
Bahrain national cricket team
The Bahrain national cricket team represents the Kingdom of Bahrain in international cricket. The team is organised by the Bahrain Cricket Association (BCA), which became an ICC affiliate member in 2001 and an associate member in 2017.

2013 ICC World Cricket League Division Six
The 2013 ICC World Cricket League Division Six was a cricket tournament that took place from 21 to 28 July 2013. It formed part of the ICC World Cricket League and qualifying for the 2019 Cricket World Cup.

Jersey hosted the event.
Tarutia gens
The gens Tarutia, also found as Tarrutia, was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Few members of this gens are mentioned in Roman history, of whom the best-known is probably Lucius Tarutius Firmanus, a noted mathematician and astrologer of the first century BC.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
1970 Bhiwandi riots
The 1970 Bhiwandi riots were religious riots which occurred on 7 and 8 May in the Indian towns of Bhiwandi, Jalgaon and Mahad, between Hindus and Muslims. The riots caused the deaths of over 250 people; the Justice Madon commission, which investigated the riots, stated that 142 Muslims and 20 Hindus had been killed in Bhiwandi alone, and 50 Muslims and 17 Hindus in the surrounding areas. The commission strongly criticized the police for anti-Muslim bias in the aftermath of the riots, and also criticized the Shiv Sena, a Hindu-nationalist political party, for its role in the violence.

Bhiwandi
Bhiwandi  (pronunciationⓘ) is a city in the Thane district of Maharashtra, India. It is located 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Mumbai, and 15 km (9.3 mi) northeast of the city of Thane. The city is a part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region.

Bhiwandi is a commercial city and a major trade center that connects Mumbai and the rest of India through the Mumbai–Agra highway. It is known for its textile industry, though in recent years, the economic downturn has forced the closure of a large portion of the sector.

Bhiwandi lies in the Konkani coastal lowland, a region known geographically for its hills and streams. The city houses the tehsil headquarters of Bhiwandi, and it is administered by the Bhiwandi-Nizampur Municipal Corporation.
Electoral district of Northern Tablelands
Northern Tablelands is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is currently held by Brendan Moylan of the National Party. The electorate currently includes Uralla Shire, Armidale Regional Council, Glen Innes Severn, Inverell Shire, Gwydir Shire and Moree Plains Shire.

Electoral districts of New South Wales
The New South Wales Legislative Assembly is elected from single-member electorates called districts, returning 93 members since the 1999 election. Prior to 1927 some districts returned multiple members, including 1920-1927 when all districts returned three, four or five members. Parramatta is the only district to have continuously existed since the establishment of the Assembly in 1856.
Irina Meszynski
Irina Meszynski (born 24 March 1962 in East Berlin) is a retired East German discus thrower.

On 17 August 1984 Meszynski set a world record in women's discus throw at boycott inspired Friendship Games of 73.36 meters.  Her record lasted barely a week before it was bested by Zdeňka Šilhavá with a mark that puts Šilhavá as equal to the number 2 thrower in history.  Today, Meszynski's result is enough to occupy the sixth place on the world all-time list and a fourth place on the German all-time list behind Gabriele Reinsch, Ilke Wyludda and Diana Gansky-Sachse.

Her career highlights include a gold medal with 60.30 m at the 1979 European Junior Championships, an eighth place with 63.78 m at the 1982 European Championships in Athletics and a fourth place with 65.20 m at the 1986 European Championships in Athletics. She represented the sports team TSC Berlin and became East German champion in 1982.

She weighed 97 kg, and stood 1.76 m tall.

Gabriele Reinsch
Gabriele Reinsch (born 23 September 1963 in Cottbus) is a German track and field athlete who represented East Germany in the 1988 Olympic Games in discus throw.

On 9 July 1988 at the East Germany–Italy tournament in Neubrandenburg, she set a new world record with a throw of 76.80 metres (252.0 ft), 2.24 metres (7 ft 4 in) further than the previous record, set by the Czechoslovakian Zdenka Šilhavá. Reinsch's record still stands (the East German Martina Hellmann had in fact thrown 76.92 metres (252.4 ft) and 78.14 metres (256.4 ft), both on 6 September 1988, but these came in an unofficial event and could not be counted as the world record).

Reinsch began competing at the age of 14 and tried at first the high jump and shot put, even placing second in the shot put at the 1981 junior European championships. In 1982 she switched to the discus.
Huoshanornis
Huoshanornis is a genus of enantiornithine birds which existed in what is now Jiufotang Formation of Western Liaoning Province, China during the early Cretaceous period. Its fossil remains were found at Chaoyang City. It was first named by Xia Wang, Zihui Zhang, Chunling Gao, Lianhai Hou, Qingjin Meng and Jinyuan Liu in 2010 and the type species is Huoshanornis huji.

Enantiornithes
The Enantiornithes, also known as enantiornithines or enantiornitheans in literature, are a group of extinct avialans ("birds" in the broad sense), the most abundant and diverse group known from the Mesozoic era. Almost all retained teeth and clawed fingers on each wing, but otherwise looked much like modern birds externally. Over seventy species of Enantiornithes have been named, but some names represent only single bones, so it is likely that not all are valid. The Enantiornithes became extinct at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary, along with Hesperornithes and all other non-avian dinosaurs.
Cegłów, Mińsk County
Cegłów [ˈt͡sɛɡwuf] is a town in Mińsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Cegłów.

The town has a population of 2,109.

Mińsk County
Mińsk County (Polish: powiat miński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It was (re)created on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Mińsk Mazowiecki, which lies 39 kilometres (24 mi) east of Warsaw. The county contains three other towns: Sulejówek, 21 km (13 mi) west of Mińsk Mazowiecki, Halinów, 16 km (10 mi) west of Mińsk Mazowiecki, and Kałuszyn, 17 km (11 mi) east of Mińsk Mazowiecki.

The county covers an area of 1,164.35 square kilometres (449.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 150,480, out of which the population of Mińsk Mazowiecki is 40,836, that of Sulejówek is 19,766, that of Halinów is 3,739, that of Kałuszyn is 2,899, and the rural population is 82,638.
Aphthona lacertosa
Aphthona lacertosa is a root-feeding flea beetle of the genus Aphthona. It is one of 5 Aphthona spp. that has been used in Alberta, Canada to control leafy spurge, an invasive plant that reduces pasture quality and degrades natural habitats.

A. lacertosa is native to Eurasia, but was released into North America first in 1990, then more widely in 1997. A. lacertosa was released specifically to control leafy spurge in wet habitats, where the use of herbicides is restricted and other previous biocontrol efforts had proven ineffective. It has established in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta.

Adults of this species are black and indistinguishable from A. czwalinae in the field.

Larvae cause the most damage to the plant by feeding on the roots. In one study, beetle success in controlling leafy spurge was related to the temperature degree days at the control site, with sites with more temperature degree days having more success.

Aphthona
Aphthona is a genus of beetle, in the leaf beetle family Chrysomelidae, native to Europe and Asia. More specifically, Aphthona are flea beetles, meaning they have enlarged hind legs for jumping away from potential danger. There are some 300 species known worldwide.

This flea beetle genus is important because of the usefulness of some species in controlling leafy spurge, a major invasive weed in parts of western North America. Several Aphthona species have been taken from Europe and introduced into localized areas of the United States and Canada, and some success against the weed is being seen. The six species used for this purpose include A. abdominalis, A. cyparissiae, A. czwalinae, A. flava, A. nigriscutis, and A. lacertosa, though A. abdominalis apparently never established a viable population and was never introduced in Canada.
Heemsen (Samtgemeinde)
Heemsen is a Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Nienburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Its seat is in the village Rohrsen.

The Samtgemeinde Heemsen consists of the following municipalities:

Drakenburg

Haßbergen

Heemsen

Rohrsen

52°42′00″N 9°16′01″E﻿ / ﻿52.700°N 9.267°E﻿ / 52.700; 9.267

Samtgemeinde
A Samtgemeinde (German pronunciation: ['zamtgəˌmaɪndə] ⓘ, lit. 'collective municipality'; plural: Samtgemeinden) is a type of administrative division in Lower Saxony, Germany. Samtgemeinden are local government associations of municipalities, equivalent to the Ämter in Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, and Brandenburg, and the Verbandsgemeinden in Rhineland-Palatinate.
Gwamhi-Wuri language
Gwamhi-Wuri (Wurə-Gwamhyə-Mba), or Lyase, is a Kainji language of Nigeria. There are three varieties which have only slight differences. "Lyase-Ne" means "mother tongue". The Mba people, known in Hausa as Kokanawa, were recently reported by Blench (2012).

Hausa language
Hausa (/ˈhaʊsə/; in Hausa: Harshen/Halshen Hausa listenⓘ /hawˈsa/; Ajami: هَرْشٜىٰن هَوْسَا‎) is a Chadic language spoken primarily by the Hausa people in Niger (where it is the sole official language, having replaced French in 2025) and in the northern parts of Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin and Togo and the southern parts of Chad. It is also spoken by a significant minority in Ivory Coast and a small number of speakers in Sudan.

Hausa is a member of the Afroasiatic language family and is the most widely spoken language within the Chadic branch of that family. Hausa is tonal, using relative pitch both to distinguish words, and mark grammatical categories. Ethnologue estimated that it was spoken as a first language by some 58 million people and as a second language by another 36 million, bringing the total number of Hausa speakers to an estimated 94 million.

In Nigeria, the Hausa film industry is known as Kannywood.
James J. Egan
James J. Egan, FAIA, (1839, Cork, Ireland—December 2, 1914, Chicago, Illinois) was an Irish-American architect and fellow of the American Institute of Architects practicing in Chicago, Illinois. He was a partner of the Chicago architectural firms Armstrong & Egan, Egan & Kirkland and Egan & Prindeville, which gained prominence designing Catholic structures.

Fellow of the American Institute of Architects
Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) is a postnominal title or membership, designating an individual who has been named a fellow of the American Institute of Architects (AIA).

Fellowship is bestowed by the institute on AIA-member architects who have made outstanding contributions to the profession through design excellence, contributions in the field of architectural education, or to the advancement of the profession. In 2014, fewer than 3,200 of the more than 80,000 AIA members were fellows. Honorary Fellowship (Hon. FAIA) is awarded to foreign (non-U.S. citizen) architects, and to non-architects who have made substantial contributions to the field of architecture or to the institute.
1979 Cork Intermediate Football Championship
The 1979 Cork Intermediate Football Championship was the 44th staging of the Cork Intermediate Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909.

The final was played on 19 August 1978 at Páirc Uí Chaoimh in Cork, between Adrigole and Kildorrery, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Adrigole won the match by 2–09 to 1–06 to claim their first ever championship title.

1909 Cork Intermediate Football Championship
The 1909 Cork Intermediate Football Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Intermediate Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.

The final was played on 5 December 1909 at the Athletic Grounds in Cork, between Cobh and C.Y.M.S., in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Cobh won the match by 5–13 to 0–04 to claim their first ever championship title.
Radio K.A.O.S. (tour)
K.A.O.S. On the Road was a concert tour performed by the English musician Roger Waters in 1987 in support of his second solo studio album Radio K.A.O.S. (1987).

The shows included material from the album as well as songs from well known Pink Floyd albums such as The Dark Side of the Moon (1973), Wish You Were Here (1975) and The Wall (1979). The tour started in North America on 14 August 1987 and ended on 22 November 1987 with two performances at Wembley Arena in London, England.

The show included designs by Mark Fisher such as circular screens, quadrophonic sounds, back projections and in some cases introductions to the show by radio DJ Jim Ladd. A telephone booth allowed the audience to direct questions at Waters.

Andy Fairweather Low
Andrew Fairweather-Low (born 2 August 1948) is a Welsh guitarist and singer. He was a founding member and lead singer of 1960s pop band Amen Corner, and in recent years has toured extensively with Roger Waters, Eric Clapton and Bill Wyman's Rhythm Kings.